A Novel Role of MerC in Methylmercury Transport and Phytoremediation of Methylmercury Contamination.

Science.gov (United States)

Sone, Yuka; Uraguchi, Shimpei; Takanezawa, Yasukazu; Nakamura, Ryosuke; Pan-Hou, Hidemitsu; Kiyono, Masako

2017-01-01

MerC, encoded by merC in the transposon Tn21 mer operon, is a heavy metal transporter with potential applications for phytoremediation of heavy metals such as mercuric ion and cadmium. In this study, we demonstrate that MerC also acts as a transporter for methylmercury. When MerC was expressed in Escherichia coli XL1-Blue, cells became hypersensitive to CH 3 Hg(I) and the uptake of CH 3 Hg(I) by these cells was higher than that by cells of the isogenic strain. Moreover, transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing bacterial MerC or MerC fused to plant soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) accumulated CH 3 Hg(I) effectively and their growth was comparable to the wild-type plants. These results demonstrate that when the bacterium-derived merC gene is ectopically introduced in genetically modified plants, MerC expression in the transgenic plants promotes the transport and sequestration of methylmercury. Thus, our results show that the expression of merC in Arabidopsis results in transgenic plants that could be used for the phytoremediation and elimination of toxic methylmercury from the environment.

[Fish and seafood as a source of human exposure to methylmercury].

Science.gov (United States)

Mania, Monika; Wojciechowska-Mazurek, Maria; Starska, Krystyna; Rebeniak, Małgorzata; Postupolski, Jacek

2012-01-01

Fish and seafood are recommended diet constituents providing high quality protein, vitamins, minerals and omega-3 fatty acids, mainly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). However, these foodstuffs can also be the major source ofmethylmercury intake in humans. In general, more than 90% of the mercury in fish is found as methylmercury, but contents of methylmercury can vary considerably between species. Predatory species that are at the top of the food chain and live a long time, may accumulate higher levels of methylmercury. This paper contains information about sources of human exposure to organic compounds of mercury, toxicity, metabolism and transformation of mercury in the environment. Assessment of methylmercury by international risk assessment bodies such as the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and U.S. National Research Council (NRC) were presented. Climate changes and their influence on the mercury cycle in the environment especially mercury methylation and concentrations of methylmercury in marine species were also presented. Consumer advice prepared by European Commission and Member States as regards consumption of predatory fishes such as swordfish, tuna, shark, marlin and pike, taking into account the most vulnerable groups of population e.g. women planning pregnancy, pregnant or breastfeeding women and children were presented. Mercury and methylmercury contamination of fishes and seafood on the basis of the literature references as well as intake of mercury with fish and fish products in Poland and other European country were discussed. The role of selenium as a factor which counteracts methylmercury toxicity and protects against some neurological effects of methylmercury exposure in humans, as well as information on potential etiological factors connected with autism disorder were also described. Attention has also been drawn to increasing number of notifications to Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed

Potential sources of methylmercury in tree foliage

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tabatchnick, Melissa D.; Nogaro, Géraldine; Hammerschmidt, Chad R.

2012-01-01

Litterfall is a major source of mercury (Hg) and toxic methylmercury (MeHg) to forest soils and influences exposures of wildlife in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. However, the origin of MeHg associated with tree foliage is largely unknown. We tested the hypothesis that leaf MeHg is influenced by root uptake and thereby related to MeHg levels in soils. Concentrations of MeHg and total Hg in deciduous and coniferous foliage were unrelated to those in soil at 30 urban and rural forested locations in southwest Ohio. In contrast, tree genera and trunk diameter were significant variables influencing Hg in leaves. The fraction of total Hg as MeHg averaged 0.4% and did not differ among tree genera. Given that uptake of atmospheric Hg 0 appears to be the dominant source of total Hg in foliage, we infer that MeHg is formed by in vivo transformation of Hg in proportion to the amount accumulated. - Highlights: ► Levels of methylmercury and total Hg in foliage were unrelated to those in soil. ► Methylmercury:total Hg ratio in leaves did not differ among nine tree genera. ► Hg in foliage varied inversely with trunk diameter, a proxy for respiration. ► Methylmercury in leaves may result from in vivo methylation of atmospheric Hg. - Methylmercury in tree foliage appears to result from in vivo methylation of mercury accumulated from the atmosphere.

Effect of methylmercury on histamine release from rat mast cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Graevskaya, Elizabeth E.; Rubin, Andrew B. [Moscow State University, Biological Faculty, Department of Biophysics, 119899, Vorobjovy Gory, Moscow (Russian Federation); Yasutake, Akira; Aramaki, Ryoji [National Institute for Minamata Disease, 4058-18 Hama, Minamata, Kumamoto 867-0008 (Japan)

2003-01-01

Methylmercury chloride (MeHgCl) is well known as a significant environmental hazard, particularly as a modulator of the immune system. As it is acknowledged that the critical effector cells in the host response participating in various biological responses are mast cells, we tried to define the possible contribution of mast cells in the development of methylmercury-evoked effects. We investigated the effects of methylmercury on the rat mast cell degranulation induced by non-immunological stimuli (the selective liberator of histamine, compound 48/80, and calcium ionophore A23187) both in vivo and in vitro. Using the cells prepared from methylmercury-intoxicated rats through a 5-day treatment of MeHgCl (10 mg/kg/day), we observed the suppression of calcium ionophore A23187- and 48/80-induced histamine release, which was enhanced with time after treatment. Similar suppression was observed in the ionophore-stimulated release, when cells were prepared from rat with a single treatment of MeHgCl (20 mg/kg). It should be noted that when cells from the control rat were pre-incubated with methylmercury in vitro at a 10{sup -8} M concentration for 10 min, A23187 and compound 48/80-stimulated histamine release was significantly enhanced. However, when the pre-incubation period was prolonged to 30 min, the release was suppressed. An increase in the methylmercury concentration to 10{sup -6} M also suppressed the histamine release. These results show that methylmercury treatment can modify mast cell function depending on concentration and time, and might provide an insight into the role of mast cells in the development of methylmercury-stimulated effects. (orig.)

Psychophysical sensory examination in individuals with a history of methylmercury exposure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takaoka, Shigeru; Fujino, Tadashi; Sekikawa, Tomoko; Miyaoka, Tetsu

2004-01-01

Paresthesias are the first symptom that people report following toxic doses of methylmercury. The authors conducted a psychophysical study of tactile sensation to evaluate the somatosensory abilities of subjects living in a methylmercury-polluted area around Minamata City, Japan. The authors examined control subjects and methylmercury-exposed subjects with and without numbness. A history of methylmercury exposure was taken and a neurological examination performed. Aluminum-oxide abrasive papers were used as stimuli in a psychophysical sensory examination of fine-surface-texture discrimination. Difference thresholds from 3 μm were calculated by the two-alternative, forced-choice technique. Difference thresholds in control subjects were also calculated for comparison. The difference threshold was 6.3 μm in exposed subjects with sensory symptoms, 4.9 μm in exposed subjects without sensory symptoms, and 2.7 μm in control subjects. Acuity of fine-surface-texture discrimination was disturbed not only in subjects with clinical complaints of hand numbness, but also in subjects without hand numbness who lived in the district where methylmercury exposure occurred. Sensory testing using a psychophysical test of fine-surface-texture discrimination in this population suggests that the number of individuals affected by methylmercury exposure in the polluted area was greater than previously reported

The fatty acid profile of rainbow trout liver cells modulates their tolerance to methylmercury and cadmium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferain, Aline; Bonnineau, Chloé; Neefs, Ineke; Rees, Jean François; Larondelle, Yvan; Schamphelaere, Karel A.C.De; Debier, Cathy

2016-01-01

Highlights: • The phospholipid composition of rainbow trout liver cells was successfully changed. • Cell phospholipids influenced methylmercury (MeHg) and cadmium (Cd) toxicity. • Cells enriched in 18:3n-3, 20:5n-3 or 22:5n-6 were more resistant to MeHg and Cd. • Cell enrichment in 22:6n-3 increased resistance to Cd but not MeHg. - Abstract: The polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition of fish tissues, which generally reflects that of the diet, affects various cellular properties such as membrane structure and fluidity, energy metabolism and susceptibility to oxidative stress. Since these cellular parameters can play an important role in the cellular response to organic and inorganic pollutants, a variation of the PUFA supply might modify the toxicity induced by such xenobiotics. In this work, we investigated whether the cellular fatty acid profile has an impact on the in vitro cell sensitivity to two environmental pollutants: methylmercury and cadmium. Firstly, the fatty acid composition of the rainbow trout liver cell line RTL-W1 was modified by enriching the growth medium with either alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6), arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6) or docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, 22:5n-6). These modified cells and their control (no PUFA enrichment) were then challenged for 24 h with increasing concentrations of methylmercury or cadmium. We observed that (i) the phospholipid composition of the RTL-W1 cells was profoundly modulated by changing the PUFA content of the growth medium: major modifications were a high incorporation of the supplemented PUFA in the cellular phospholipids, the appearance of direct elongation and desaturation metabolites in the cellular phospholipids as well as a change in the gross phospholipid composition (PUFA and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) levels and n-3/n-6 ratio); (ii) ALA, EPA and DPA enrichment significantly

The fatty acid profile of rainbow trout liver cells modulates their tolerance to methylmercury and cadmium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferain, Aline, E-mail: aline.ferain@uclouvain.be [Institute of Life Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.08, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium); Bonnineau, Chloé [Institute of Life Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.08, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium); Irstea, UR MALY, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, rue de la Doua 5/32108, F-69616 Villeurbanne (France); Neefs, Ineke; Rees, Jean François; Larondelle, Yvan [Institute of Life Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.08, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium); Schamphelaere, Karel A.C.De [Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Environmental Toxicology Unit, Ghent University, J. Plateaustraat 22, B-9000 Ghent (Belgium); Debier, Cathy [Institute of Life Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.08, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium)

2016-08-15

Highlights: • The phospholipid composition of rainbow trout liver cells was successfully changed. • Cell phospholipids influenced methylmercury (MeHg) and cadmium (Cd) toxicity. • Cells enriched in 18:3n-3, 20:5n-3 or 22:5n-6 were more resistant to MeHg and Cd. • Cell enrichment in 22:6n-3 increased resistance to Cd but not MeHg. - Abstract: The polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition of fish tissues, which generally reflects that of the diet, affects various cellular properties such as membrane structure and fluidity, energy metabolism and susceptibility to oxidative stress. Since these cellular parameters can play an important role in the cellular response to organic and inorganic pollutants, a variation of the PUFA supply might modify the toxicity induced by such xenobiotics. In this work, we investigated whether the cellular fatty acid profile has an impact on the in vitro cell sensitivity to two environmental pollutants: methylmercury and cadmium. Firstly, the fatty acid composition of the rainbow trout liver cell line RTL-W1 was modified by enriching the growth medium with either alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6), arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6) or docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, 22:5n-6). These modified cells and their control (no PUFA enrichment) were then challenged for 24 h with increasing concentrations of methylmercury or cadmium. We observed that (i) the phospholipid composition of the RTL-W1 cells was profoundly modulated by changing the PUFA content of the growth medium: major modifications were a high incorporation of the supplemented PUFA in the cellular phospholipids, the appearance of direct elongation and desaturation metabolites in the cellular phospholipids as well as a change in the gross phospholipid composition (PUFA and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) levels and n-3/n-6 ratio); (ii) ALA, EPA and DPA enrichment significantly

The putative multidrug resistance protein MRP-7 inhibits methylmercury-associated animal toxicity and dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Science.gov (United States)

VanDuyn, Natalia; Nass, Richard

2014-03-01

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative motor disorder worldwide, and results in the progressive loss of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Gene-environment interactions are believed to play a significant role in the vast majority of PD cases, yet the toxicants and the associated genes involved in the neuropathology are largely ill-defined. Recent epidemiological and biochemical evidence suggests that methylmercury (MeHg) may be an environmental toxicant that contributes to the development of PD. Here, we report that a gene coding for the putative multidrug resistance protein MRP-7 in Caenorhabditis elegans modulates whole animal and DA neuron sensitivity to MeHg. In this study, we demonstrate that genetic knockdown of MRP-7 results in a twofold increase in Hg levels and a dramatic increase in stress response proteins associated with the endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, and mitochondria, as well as an increase in MeHg-associated animal death. Chronic exposure to low concentrations of MeHg induces MRP-7 gene expression, while exposures in MRP-7 genetic knockdown animals results in a loss of DA neuron integrity without affecting whole animal viability. Furthermore, transgenic animals expressing a fluorescent reporter behind the endogenous MRP-7 promoter indicate that the transporter is expressed in DA neurons. These studies show for the first time that a multidrug resistance protein is expressed in DA neurons, and its expression inhibits MeHg-associated DA neuron pathology. © 2013 International Society for Neurochemistry.

Toxicity reference values for methylmercury effects on avian reproduction: Critical review and analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Fuchsman, Phyllis C; Brown, Lauren E; Henning, Miranda H; Bock, Michael J; Magar, Victor S

2017-02-01

Effects of mercury (Hg) on birds have been studied extensively and with increasing frequency in recent years. The authors conducted a comprehensive review of methylmercury (MeHg) effects on bird reproduction, evaluating laboratory and field studies in which observed effects could be attributed primarily to Hg. The review focuses on exposures via diet and maternal transfer in which observed effects (or lack thereof) were reported relative to Hg concentrations in diet, eggs, or adult blood. Applicable data were identified for 23 species. From this data set, the authors identified ranges of toxicity reference values suitable for risk-assessment applications. Typical ranges of Hg effect thresholds are approximately 0.2 mg/kg to >1.4 mg/kg in diet, 0.05 mg/kg/d to 0.5 mg/kg/d on a dose basis, 0.6 mg/kg to 2.7 mg/kg in eggs, and 2.1 mg/kg to >6.7 mg/kg in parental blood (all concentrations on a wet wt basis). For Hg in avian blood, the review represents the first broad compilation of relevant toxicity data. For dietary exposures, the current data support TRVs that are greater than older, commonly used TRVs. The older diet-based TRVs incorporate conservative assumptions and uncertainty factors that are no longer justified, although they generally were appropriate when originally derived, because of past data limitations. The egg-based TRVs identified from the review are more similar to other previously derived TRVs but have been updated to incorporate new information from recent studies. While important research needs remain, a key recommendation is that species not yet tested for MeHg toxicity should be evaluated using toxicity data from tested species with similar body weights. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:294-319. © 2016 SETAC. © 2016 SETAC.

Species differences in the sensitivity of avian embryos to methylmercury

Science.gov (United States)

Heinz, G.H.; Hoffman, D.J.; Klimstra, J.D.; Stebbins, K.R.; Kondrad, S.L.; Erwin, C.A.

2009-01-01

We injected doses of methylmercury into the air cells of eggs of 26 species of birds and examined the dose-response curves of embryo survival. For 23 species we had adequate data to calculate the median lethal concentration (LC50). Based on the dose-response curves and LC50s, we ranked species according to their sensitivity to injected methylmercury. Although the previously published embryotoxic threshold of mercury in game farm mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) has been used as a default value to protect wild species of birds, we found that, relative to other species, mallard embryos are not very sensitive to injected methylmercury; their LC50 was 1.79 ug/g mercury on a wet-weight basis. Other species we categorized as also exhibiting relatively low sensitivity to injected methylmercury (their LC50s were 1 ug/g mercury or higher) were the hooded merganser (Lophodytes cucullatus), lesser scaup (Aythya affinis), Canada goose (Branta canadensis), double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus), and laughing gull (Larus atricilla). Species we categorized as having medium sensitivity (their LC50s were greater than 0.25 ug/g mercury but less than 1 ug/g mercury) were the clapper rail (Rallus longirostris), sandhill crane (Grus canadensis), ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), chicken (Gallus gallus), common grackle (Quiscalus quiscula), tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor), herring gull (Larus argentatus), common tern (S terna hirundo), royal tern (Sterna maxima), Caspian tern (Sterna caspia), great egret (Ardea alba), brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis), and anhinga (Anhinga anhinga). Species we categorized as exhibiting high sensitivity (their LC50s were less than 0.25 ug/g mercury) were the American kestrel (Falco sparverius), osprey (Pandion haliaetus), white ibis (Eudocimus albus), snowy egret (Egretta thula), and tri-colored heron (Egretta tricolor). For mallards, chickens, and ring-necked pheasants (all species for which we could compare the toxicity of our

Teratogenic interactions between methylmercury and mitomycin-C in mice

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inouye, Minoru; Kajiwara, Yuji

1988-01-01

Pregnant mice were given p.o. various nonteratogenic doses (0, 2.5 and 10 mg/kg) of methylmercuric chloride on day 9 of pregnancy, and then injected i.p. with a teratogenic dose (4 mg/kg) of mitomycin-C on day 10. Major malformations produced by mitomycin-C alone were cervical rib and vertebral anomaly, polydactyly of the hindlimb and tail anomaly. Combined treatment significantly increased the incidence of these malformations, showing the dose-effect relationship of methylmercury, whereas methylmercury alone is known not to produce such malformations. When mitomycin-C treatment alone was performed on day 9.5 of pregnancy, only vertebral anomalies increased in incidence. Therefore, mitomycin-C teratogenicity in terms of the manifestation of cervical rib, polydactyly and tail anomaly, but not vertebral anomaly, was suggested to be enhanced by methylmercury. A considerable number of foetuses showed cleft palate involvement following combined treatments, but not by either chemical alone. Cleft palate is known to be a major malformation in mice that is caused by methylmercury, and mitomycin-C also induces cleft palate. Therefore, the two chemicals might have affected foetuses additively and thereby induced cleft palate. (orig.)

Memantine, a Low-Affinity NMDA Receptor Antagonist, Protects against Methylmercury-Induced Cytotoxicity of Rat Primary Cultured Cortical Neurons, Involvement of Ca2+ Dyshomeostasis Antagonism, and Indirect Antioxidation Effects.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Wei; Xu, Zhaofa; Yang, Tianyao; Xu, Bin; Deng, Yu; Feng, Shu

2017-09-01

Methylmercury (MeHg) is an extremely dangerous environmental pollutant that induces severe toxic effects in the central nervous system. Neuronal damage plays critical roles mediating MeHg-induced loss of brain function and neurotoxicity. The molecular mechanisms of MeHg neurotoxicity are incompletely understood. The objective of the study is to explore mechanisms that contribute to MeHg-induced neurocyte injuries focusing on neuronal Ca 2+ dyshomeostasis and alteration of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) expression, as well as oxidative stress in primary cultured cortical neurons. In addition, the neuroprotective effects of memantine against MeHg cytotoxicity were also investigated. The cortical neurons were exposed to 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1, or 2 μM methylmercury chloride (MeHgCl) for 0.5-12 h, or pre-treated with 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 μM memantine for 0.5-6 h, respectively; cell viability and LDH release were then quantified. For further experiments, 2.5, 5, and 10 μM of memantine pre-treatment for 3 h followed by 1 μM MeHgCl for 6 h were performed for evaluation of neuronal injuries, specifically addressing apoptosis; intracellular free Ca 2+ concentrations; ATPase activities; calpain activities; expressions of NMDAR subunits (NR1, NR2A, NR2B); NPSH levels; and ROS formation. Exposure of MeHgCl resulted in toxicity of cortical neurons, which were shown as a loss of cell viability, high levels of LDH release, morphological changes, and cell apoptosis. Moreover, intracellular Ca 2+ dyshomeostasis, ATPase activities inhibition, calpain activities, and NMDARs expression alteration were observed with 1 μM MeHgCl administration. Last but not least, NPSH depletion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction showed an obvious oxidative stress in neurons. However, memantine pre-treatment dose-dependently antagonized MeHg-induced neuronal toxic effects, apoptosis, Ca 2+ dyshomeostasis, NMDARs expression alteration, and oxidative stress. In conclusion, the

Methylmercury poisoning in the harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ronald, K [Univ. of Guelph, Ont.; Tessaro, S V; Uthe, J F; Freeman, H C; Frank, R

1977-07-01

Hematological and blood chemistry values were examined in harp seals (Pagophilus groenlandicus) exposed to daily oral dosages of methylmercuric chloride (MMC). Two seals, exposed to 0.25 mg MMC/kg body weight/day for 60 and 90 days, respectively, died not show abnormal blood values. Two other seals exposed to 25.0 mg MMC/kg body weight/day died on day 20 and 26 of exposure. Blood parameters indicated toxic hepatitis, uremia and renal failure. Total mercury and methylmercury values in the tissues of the experimental animals indicated that harp seals can tolerate high levels of mercury in the brain and that the observed renal and hepatic dysfunction were related to the high accumulation of mercury in these tissues. Tests of renal function are useful in cases of severe methylmercury poisoning.

Determination of methylmercury compounds in foodstuffs. II. Determination of methylmercury in fish, egg, meat, and liver

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Westoeoe, G

1967-01-01

The combined gas chromatographic and thin-layer chromatographic method for the identification and determination of methylmercury compounds in fish (Westoeoe) has been modified in order to render it applicable to a wider range of foods. In animal foodstuffs methylmercury is probably to a great extent attached to thiol groups. When these foods are extracted according to Gage, methylmercury chloride is formed and dissolves in the benzene together with varying amounts of thio compounds. Purification of the methylmercury in the benzene extracts of e.g., egg yolk or liver by extraction with aqueous alkali solution did not work, probably because the thio compounds were not volatile and could form alkali-insoluble methylmercury salts. Evidently methylmercury-S-compounds were reformed at high pH and prevented the formation of the water-soluble methylmercury hydroxide. Addition of excess mercuric ions, which expelled the methylmercury from the thio compounds, solved this clean-up problem. Samples of fish, egg-white, egg yolk, meat, and liver have been analyzed with the modified method. Extraction of the methylmercury into an aqueous phase was also possible with the aid of a water solution of cysteine. This led to a more rapid analytical procedure. 8 references, 2 figures, 4 tables.

Methylmercury and Pregnancy

Science.gov (United States)

... exposed to methylmercury by eating fish, shellfish, and marine animals. These animals absorb methylmercury through the water in ... about all your breastfeeding questions. Is it a problem if the father of the baby is ... in experimental animals have shown that mercury can change the shape ...

Toxic effects of dietary methylmercury on immune system development in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Science.gov (United States)

Fallacara, Dawn M.; Halbrook, Richard S.; French, John B.

2011-01-01

This study evaluated the effects of dietary methylmercury (MeHg) on immune system development in captive-reared nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius) to determine whether T cell–mediated and antibody-mediated adaptive immunity are targets for MeHg toxicity at environmentally relevant concentrations. Nestlings received various diets, including 0 (control), 0.6, and 3.9 μg/g (dry wt) MeHg for up to 18 d posthatch. Immunotoxicity endpoints included cell-mediated immunity (CMI) using the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) skin-swelling assay and antibody-mediated immune response via the sheep red blood cell (SRBC) hemagglutination assay. T cell– and B cell–dependent histological parameters in the spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius were correlated with the functional assays. For nestlings in the 0.6 and 3.9 μg/g MeHg groups, CMI was suppressed by 73 and 62%, respectively, at 11 d of age. Results of this functional assay were correlated with T cell–dependent components of the spleen and thymus. Dose-dependent lymphoid depletion in spleen tissue directly affected the proliferation of T-lymphocyte populations, insofar as lower stimulation indexes from the PHA assay occurred in nestlings with lower proportions of splenic white pulp and higher THg concentrations. Nestlings in the 3.9 μg/g group also exhibited lymphoid depletion and a lack of macrophage activity in the thymus. Methylmercury did not have a noticeable effect on antibody-mediated immune function or B cell–dependent histological correlates. We conclude that T cell–mediated immunosuppression is the primary target of MeHg toward adaptive immunity in developing kestrels. This study provides evidence that environmentally relevant concentrations of MeHg may compromise immunocompetence in a developing terrestrial predator and raises concern regarding the long-term health effects of kestrels that were exposed to dietary MeHg during early avian development.

Neurophysiological evidence of methylmercury neurotoxicity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Murata, Katsuyuki; Grandjean, Philippe; Dakeishi, Miwako

2007-01-01

neurotoxicity and to examine the usefulness of those measures. METHODS: The reports addressing both neurophysiological measures and methylmercury exposure in humans were identified and evaluated. RESULTS: The neurological signs and symptoms of MD included paresthesias, constriction of visual fields, impairment...... disease (MD; methylmercury poisoning). In recent years, some of these methods have been used for the risk assessment of low-level methylmercury exposure in asymptomatic children. The objectives of this article were to present an overview of neurophysiological findings involved in methylmercury...... of hearing and speech, mental disturbances, excessive sweating, and hypersalivation. Neuropathological lesions involved visual, auditory, and post- and pre-central cortex areas. Neurophysiological changes involved in methylmercury, as assessed by EPs and HRV, were found to be in accordance with both clinical...

RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF METHYLMERCURY AND OTHER METAL(LOID)S IN MADAGASCAR UNPOLISHED RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

Science.gov (United States)

Rothenberg, Sarah E.; Mgutshini, Noma L.; Bizimis, Michael; Johnson-Beebout, Sarah E.; Ramanantsoanirina, Alain

2014-01-01

The rice ingestion rate in Madagascar is among the highest globally; however studies concerning metal(loid) concentrations in Madagascar rice are lacking. For Madagascar unpolished rice (n=51 landraces), levels of toxic elements (e.g., total mercury, methylmercury, arsenic and cadmium) as well as essential micronutrients (e.g., zinc and selenium) were uniformly low, indicating potentially both positive and negative health effects. Aside from manganese (Wilcoxon rank sum, p<0.01), no significant differences in concentrations for all trace elements were observed between rice with red bran (n=20) and brown bran (n=31) (Wilcoxon rank sum, p=0.06–0.91). Compared to all elements in rice, rubidium (i.e., tracer for phloem transport) was most positively correlated with methylmercury (Pearson's r=0.33, p<0.05) and total mercury (r=0.44, p<0.05), while strontium (i.e., tracer for xylem transport) was least correlated with total mercury and methylmercury (r<0.01 for both), suggesting inorganic mercury and methylmercury were possibly more mobile in phloem compared to xylem. PMID:25463705

Methylmercury exposure for 14 days (short-term) produces behavioral and biochemical changes in mouse cerebellum, liver, and serum.

Science.gov (United States)

Macedo-Júnior, Sérgio José; Luiz-Cerutti, Murilo; Nascimento, Denise B; Farina, Marcelo; Soares Santos, Adair Roberto; de Azevedo Maia, Alcíbia Helena

2017-01-01

Various studies on methylmercury (MeHg)-induced toxicity focused on the central nervous system (CNS) as a primary target. However, MeHg-mediated toxicity is related to metallic interaction with electrophilic groups, which are not solely restricted to the CNS, but these reactive groups are present ubiquitously in several systems/organs. The aim of this study was thus to examine MeHg-induced systemic toxicity in mice using a standardized neurotoxicology testing exposure model to measure cerebellar neurotoxicity by determining biochemical and behavioral parameters in the cerebellum. After 2 weeks exposure to MeHg (40 µg/ml; diluted in drinking water; ad libitum), adult male Swiss mice showed a marked motor impairment characteristic of cerebellar toxicity as noted in the following tests: rotarod, beam walking, pole, and hind limb clasping. MeHg treatment resulted in Hg deposition in the cerebellum as well as reduction in cerebellar weight, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and interleukin (IL)-6 levels. MeHg ingestion increased cerebellar glutathione reductase (GR) activity and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. In addition to cerebellar toxicity, MeHg treatment also elevated total and non-high density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol levels, as well as serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) enzymatic activities, systemic parameters. Increased liver weight and reduced serum urea levels were also noted in MeHg-exposed mice. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that a well-standardized exposure protocol to examine MeHg-induced neurotoxicity also produced systemic toxicity in mice, which was characterized by changes in markers of hepatic function as well as serum lipid homeostasis.

Protective Effect of Prolactin against Methylmercury-Induced Mutagenicity and Cytotoxicity on Human Lymphocytes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liz Carmem Silva-Pereira

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Mercury exhibits cytotoxic and mutagenic properties as a result of its effect on tubulin. This toxicity mechanism is related to the production of free radicals that can cause DNA damage. Methylmercury (MeHg is one of the most toxic of the mercury compounds. It accumulates in the aquatic food chain, eventually reaching the human diet. Several studies have demonstrated that prolactin (PRL may be differently affected by inorganic and organic mercury based on interference with various neurotransmitters involved in the regulation of PRL secretion. This study evaluated the cytoprotective effect of PRL on human lymphocytes exposed to MeHg in vitro, including observation of the kinetics of HL-60 cells (an acute myeloid leukemia lineage treated with MeHg and PRL at different concentrations, with both treatments with the individual compounds and combined treatments. All treatments with MeHg produced a significant increase in the frequency of chromatid gaps, however, no significant difference was observed in the chromosomal breaks with any treatment. A dose-dependent increase in the mitotic index was observed for treatments with PRL, which also acts as a co-mitogenic factor, regulating proliferation by modulating the expression of genes that are essential for cell cycle progression and cytoskeleton organization. These properties contribute to the protective action of PRL against the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of MeHg.

Protective Effect of Prolactin against Methylmercury-Induced Mutagenicity and Cytotoxicity on Human Lymphocytes

Science.gov (United States)

Silva-Pereira, Liz Carmem; da Rocha, Carlos Alberto Machado; Cunha, Luiz Raimundo Campos da Silva e; da Costa, Edmar Tavares; Guimarães, Ana Paula Araújo; Pontes, Thais Brilhante; Diniz, Domingos Luiz Wanderley Picanço; Leal, Mariana Ferreira; Moreira-Nunes, Caroline Aquino; Burbano, Rommel Rodríguez

2014-01-01

Mercury exhibits cytotoxic and mutagenic properties as a result of its effect on tubulin. This toxicity mechanism is related to the production of free radicals that can cause DNA damage. Methylmercury (MeHg) is one of the most toxic of the mercury compounds. It accumulates in the aquatic food chain, eventually reaching the human diet. Several studies have demonstrated that prolactin (PRL) may be differently affected by inorganic and organic mercury based on interference with various neurotransmitters involved in the regulation of PRL secretion. This study evaluated the cytoprotective effect of PRL on human lymphocytes exposed to MeHg in vitro, including observation of the kinetics of HL-60 cells (an acute myeloid leukemia lineage) treated with MeHg and PRL at different concentrations, with both treatments with the individual compounds and combined treatments. All treatments with MeHg produced a significant increase in the frequency of chromatid gaps, however, no significant difference was observed in the chromosomal breaks with any treatment. A dose-dependent increase in the mitotic index was observed for treatments with PRL, which also acts as a co-mitogenic factor, regulating proliferation by modulating the expression of genes that are essential for cell cycle progression and cytoskeleton organization. These properties contribute to the protective action of PRL against the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of MeHg. PMID:25247425

Cyclophosphamide-induced pulmonary toxicity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Siemann, D.W.; Macler, L.; Penney, D.P.

1986-01-01

Unlike radiation effects, pulmonary toxicity following drug treatments may develop soon after exposure. The dose-response relationship between Cyclophosphamide and lung toxicity was investigated using increased breathing frequency assays used successfully for radiation induced injury. The data indicate that release of protein into the alveolus may play a significant role in Cy induced pulmonary toxicity. Although the mechanism responsible for the increased alveolar protein is as yet not identified, the present findings suggest that therapeutic intervention to inhibit protein release may be an approach to protect the lungs from toxic effects. (UK)

Disease burden of methylmercury in the German birth cohort 2014.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julia Lackner

Full Text Available This study aimed to estimate the disease burden of methylmercury for children born in Germany in the year 2014. Humans are mainly exposed to methylmercury when they eat fish or seafood. Prenatal methylmercury exposure is associated with IQ loss. To quantify this disease burden, we used Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the incidence of mild and severe mental retardation in children born to mothers who consume fish based on empirical data. Subsequently, we calculated the disease burden with the disability-adjusted life years (DALY-method. DALYs combine mortality and morbidity in one measure and quantify the gap between an ideal situation, where the entire population experiences the standard life expectancy without disease and disability, and the actual situation. Thus, one DALY corresponds to the loss of one year of life in good health. The methylmercury-induced burden of disease for the German birth cohort 2014 was an average of 14,186 DALY (95% CI 12,915-15,440 DALY. A large majority of the DALYs was attributed to morbidity as compared to mortality. Of the total disease burden, 98% were attributed to mild mental retardation, which only leads to morbidity. The remaining disease burden was a result of severe mental retardation with equal proportions of premature death and morbidity.

Methylmercury compounds - main areas of contamination on a transsect of the river Elbe

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hintelmann, H.; Wilken, R.D.

1994-01-01

The river Elbe and some of its tributaries are worldwide one of the most mercury polluted river systems. They are not only polluted by inorganic mercury compouns, but the contents of the highly toxic methylmercury compounds are also elevated. In order to determine the low levels of methylmercury compounds usually observed in sediments, a new HPLC/AFS-coupling was developed. In an oxidation/reduction interface the mercury species eluting from the HPLC collumn are transformed continuously to elemental mercury, which is then detected on-line by a highly sensitive atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer. The detection limit for the analysis of organic mercury species in sediments after extraction with hydrochloric acid/toluene, preconcentration and determination by HPLC/AFS is 0.1 μg/kg d. w. Hence, uncontaminated samples with very low methylmercury compounds contents could also be successfully analyzed. Main areas of total mercury contamination in the Elbe system were in the tributary rivers Saale and Mulde, with contents of up to 112 mg/kg d. w. but important emitters were also found in the Czech Republic (CR). This contamination was followed downstream to the Hamburg area and dropped to a background level of 0.06 mg/kg d. w. in the German Bight. The highest content of methylmercury compounds (119 μg/kg d. w.) was measured again in the river Mulde. The levels of methylmercury compounds were generally high at sites where the microbial activity was stimulated by high contents of organic matter, indicating a biotic methylation of mercury. The organic substrates originated either from municipal (sewage plants) or industrial sources (pulp mill effluents). (orig.) [de

Radiochemical determination of methylmercury in fish

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stary, J.; Prasilova, J.; Kratzer, K.

1978-01-01

A selective and sensitive method for the determination of methylmercury has been developed. This method is based on the extraction of methylmercury chloride into benzene and on the subsequent exchange reaction with potassium iodide-131 solution. The previously developed method has been adapted for the analysis of fish. The content of methylmercury in frozen cod (Tenegra chalcograma), frozen marena (Coregonus lavaretus) and in fresh carp (Cyprinus carpio) has been compared with the total content of mercury determined by cold vapor spectrometry. (T.I.)

Placental and Fetal Disposition of Mercuric Ions in Rats Exposed to Methylmercury: Role of Mrp2

Science.gov (United States)

Bridges, Christy C.; Joshee, Lucy; Zalups, Rudolfs K.

2012-01-01

Methylmercury is a prevalent environmental toxicant that can have deleterious effects on a developing fetus. Previous studies indicate that the multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2) is involved in renal and hepatic export of mercuric ions. Therefore, we hypothesize that Mrp2 is also involved in export of mercuric ions from placental trophoblasts and fetal tissues. To test this hypothesis, we assessed the disposition of mercuric ions in pregnant Wistar and TR– (Mrp2-deficient) rats exposed to a single dose of methylmercury. The amount of mercury in renal tissues (cortex and outer stripe of outer medulla), liver, blood, amniotic fluid, uterus, placentas and fetuses was significantly greater in TR– rats than in Wistar rats. Urinary and fecal elimination of mercury was greater in Wistar dams than in TR– dams. Thus, our findings suggest that Mrp2 may be involved in the export of mercuric ions from maternal and fetal organs following exposure to methylmercury. PMID:23059061

Evaluation of diatomea algae Thalassiosira weissflogii sensitivity to chloride mercury and methylmercury by chlorophyll fluorescence analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Graevskaya, E. E.; Antal, T. K.; Matorin, D. N.; Voronova, E. N.; Pogosyan, S. I.; Rubin, A. B.

2003-05-01

Measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence has been shown to be a rapid, non-invasive, and reliable method to assess photosynthetic performance in a changing environment. In our study, the pulseamplitude-modulation (PAM) - fluorometric method was used to evaluate the sensitivity to chloride mercury and methylmercury chloride of diatomea microalgae Thalassiosira weissflogii. We found that 10^{-6} and 10^{-7} M MeHg led to a slow decrease in the PS II activity following for prolonged lag phase, whereas the algae was not sensitive to the same concentrations of HgCl2. However observed PS II inactivation by methylmercury was not complete and about 10 percents ofthe cells kept the high level of PS II activity as it was shown by microfluorometric analysis. These cells could determine adaptation of algae to methylmercury effect. Both toxicants decreased the rate of PS II reparation, as well as increased a heat pathway of excitation dissipation in PS II antennae complex.

Photolytic degradation of methylmercury enhanced by binding to natural organic ligands

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Tong; Hsu-Kim, Heileen

2010-07-01

Methylmercury is a neurotoxin that accumulates in food webs and poses a significant risk to human health. In natural water bodies, methylmercury concentrations remain low due to the degradation of methylmercury into inorganic mercury by sunlight, a process known as photodecomposition. Rates of photodecomposition are relatively rapid in freshwater lakes, and slow in marine waters, but the cause of this difference is not clear. Here, we carry out incubation experiments with artificial freshwater and seawater samples to examine the mechanisms regulating methylmercury photodecomposition. We show that singlet oxygen-a highly reactive form of dissolved oxygen generated by sunlight falling on dissolved organic matter-drives photodecomposition. However, in our experiments the rate of methylmercury degradation depends on the type of methylmercury-binding ligand present in the water. Relatively fast degradation rates (similar to observations in freshwater lakes) were detected when methylmercury species were bound to sulphur-containing ligands such as glutathione and mercaptoacetate. In contrast, methylmercury-chloride complexes, which are the dominant form of methylmercury in marine systems, did not degrade as easily. Our results could help to explain why methylmercury photodecomposition rates are relatively rapid in freshwater lakes and slow in marine waters.

Iron status as a covariate in methylmercury-associated neurotoxicity risk

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fonseca, Márlon de Freitas; De Souza Hacon, Sandra; Grandjean, Philippe

2014-01-01

Intrauterine methylmercury exposure and prenatal iron deficiency negatively affect offspring's brain development. Since fish is a major source of both methylmercury and iron, occurrence of negative confounding may affect the interpretation of studies concerning cognition. We assessed relationship...... between methylmercury exposure and iron-status in childbearing females from a population naturally exposed to methylmercury through fish intake (Amazon). We concluded a census (refuse...

Target organ specific activity of drosophila MRP (ABCC1) moderates developmental toxicity of methylmercury.

Science.gov (United States)

Prince, Lisa; Korbas, Malgorzata; Davidson, Philip; Broberg, Karin; Rand, Matthew Dearborn

2014-08-01

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a ubiquitous and persistent neurotoxin that poses a risk to human health. Although the mechanisms of MeHg toxicity are not fully understood, factors that contribute to susceptibility are even less well known. Studies of human gene polymorphisms have identified a potential role for the multidrug resistance-like protein (MRP/ABCC) family, ATP-dependent transporters, in MeHg susceptibility. MRP transporters have been shown to be important for MeHg excretion in adult mouse models, but their role in moderating MeHg toxicity during development has not been explored. We therefore investigated effects of manipulating expression levels of MRP using a Drosophila development assay. Drosophila MRP (dMRP) is homologous to human MRP1-4 (ABCC1-4), sharing 50% identity and 67% similarity with MRP1. A greater susceptibility to MeHg is seen in dMRP mutant flies, demonstrated by reduced rates of eclosion on MeHg-containing food. Furthermore, targeted knockdown of dMRP expression using GAL4>UAS RNAi methods demonstrates a tissue-specific function for dMRP in gut, Malpighian tubules, and the nervous system in moderating developmental susceptibility to MeHg. Using X-ray synchrotron fluorescence imaging, these same tissues were also identified as the highest Hg-accumulating tissues in fly larvae. Moreover, higher levels of Hg are seen in dMRP mutant larvae compared with a control strain fed an equivalent dose of MeHg. In sum, these data demonstrate that dMRP expression, both globally and within Hg-targeted organs, has a profound effect on susceptibility to MeHg in developing flies. Our findings point to a potentially novel and specific role for dMRP in neurons in the protection against MeHg. Finally, this experimental system provides a tractable model to evaluate human polymorphic variants of MRP and other gene variants relevant to genetic studies of mercury-exposed populations. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of

Alternate wetting and drying decreases methylmercury in flooded rice (Oryza sativa) systems

Science.gov (United States)

Tanner, K. Christy; Windham-Myers, Lisamarie; Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark C.; Fleck, Jacob; Linquist, Bruce A.

2018-01-01

In flooded soils, including those found in rice (Oryza sativa L.) fields, microbes convert inorganic Hg to more toxic methylmercury (MeHg). Methylmercury is accumulated in rice grain, potentially affecting health. Methylmercury in rice field surface water can bioaccumulate in wildlife. We evaluated how introducing aerobic periods into an otherwise continuously flooded rice growing season affects MeHg dynamics. Conventional continuously flooded (CF) rice field water management was compared with alternate wetting and drying, where irrigation was stopped twice during the growing season, allowing soil to dry to 35% volumetric moisture content, at which point plots were reflooded (AWD-35). Methylmercury studies began at harvest in Year 3 and throughout Year 4 of a 4-yr replicated field experiment. Bulk soil, water, and plant samples were analyzed for MeHg and total Hg (THg), and iron (Fe) speciation was measured in soil samples. Rice grain yield over 4 yr did not differ between treatments. Soil chemistry responded quickly to AWD-35 dry-downs, showing significant oxidation of Fe(II) accompanied by a significant reduction of MeHg concentration (76% reduction at harvest) compared with CF. Surface water MeHg decreased by 68 and 39% in the growing and fallow seasons, respectively, suggesting that the effects of AWD-35 management can last through to the fallow season. The AWD-35 treatment reduced rice grain MeHg and THg by 60 and 32%, respectively. These results suggest that the more aerobic conditions caused by AWD-35 limited the activity of Hg(II)-methylating microbes and may be an effective way to reduce MeHg concentrations in rice ecosystems.

Comparative study of activities in reactive oxygen species production/defense system in mitochondria of rat brain and liver, and their susceptibility to methylmercury toxicity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mori, N.; Hirayama, K. [Kumamoto University, School of Health Science, Kumamoto (Japan); Yasutake, A. [National Institute for Minamata Disease, Minamata (Japan)

2007-11-15

The involvement of oxidative stress has been suggested as a mechanism for neurotoxicity caused by methylmercury (MeHg), but the mechanism for MeHg selective toxicity in the central nervous system is still unclear. In this research, to clarify the mechanism of selective neurotoxicity caused by MeHg, the oxygen consumption levels, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production rates and several antioxidant levels in mitochondria were compared among the cerebrum, cerebellum and liver of male Wistar rats. In addition, the alterations of these indexes were examined in MeHg-intoxicated rats (oral administration of 10 mg/kg day, for 5 days). Although the cerebrum and cerebellum in intact rats showed higher mitochondrial oxygen consumption levels and ROS production rates than the liver, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were much lower in the cerebrum and cerebellum than in the liver. Especially, the cerebellum showed the highest oxygen consumption and ROS production rate and the lowest mitochondrial glutathione (GSH) levels among the tissues examined. In the MeHg-treated rats, decrease in the oxygen consumption and increase in the ROS generation were found only in the cerebellum mitochondria, despite a lower Hg accumulation in the mitochondrial fraction compared to the liver. Since MeHg treatment produced an enhancement of ROS generation in cerebellum mitochondria supplemented with succinate substrates, MeHg-induced oxidative stress might affect the complex II-III mediated pathway in the electron transfer chain in the cerebellum mitochondria. Our study suggested that inborn factors, high production system activity and low defense system activity of ROS in the brain, would relate to the high susceptibility of the central nervous system to MeHg toxicity. (orig.)

Neurobehavioral toxicity in progeny of rat mothers exposed to methylmercury during gestation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dinesh N. Gandhi

2014-03-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: Methylmercury (MeHg is recognized as one of the most hazardous environmental pollutants. This may be a concern to long-term consumption of contaminated fish and seafood for health risk to pregnant women and their children. AIM: An animal study was conducted to assess the effect of MeHg exposure on rodent offspring following in utero exposure. METHODS: Pregnant Wister rats were treated by gavage with MeHg at dose levels of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg/day from gestation day (GD 5 till parturition, and then were allowed to deliver. RESULTS: Dams treated with 2.0 mg/kg/day MeHg group showed signs of toxicity such as gait alterations and hyperactivity resulting in the failure to deliver sustainable viable pups. MeHg had significant effects on body weight gain of dams during GD 5 till parturition. MeHg had no significant effects on the ages of physical developments such as pinna detachment, incisor eruptions or eye opening as well as alter cliff avoidance, surface righting, swimming ontogeny, startle reflex, pivoting, negative geotaxis, or forelimb and hindlimb grip strength in either sex. Exposure to 1.0 mg/kg/day MeHg treatment group prolonged gestation period, retard mid-air righting in male pups, shortened forelimb grip strength measured on rotating rod in either sex and enhanced open field behaviour in male pups. Data obtained from Functional Observation Battery (FOB also revealed impairment of neuromotor performance in male pups. The male pups appeared to be more susceptible than the female pups. CONCLUSION. Overall, the dose level of MeHg in the present study produced a few adverse effects on the neurobehavioral parameters, and it may alter neuromotor performance of the male pups.

Desain dan Implementasi Sistem Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Di Program Studi Sistem Komputer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Muhammad Rozi Yerusalem

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Teknologi informasi saat ini digunakan pada berbagai bidang seperti pembelajaran. Pembelajaran yang dilakukan biasanya disebut dengan e-learning atau pembelajaran jarak jauh. Pembelajaran ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan media yang memungkinkan peserta didik/mahasiswa dan pengajar/dosen dapat melakukan aktivitas pembelajaran tanpa harus bertatap muka. Universitas Diponegoro memiliki sistem otentikasi terpusat berbasis Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. Sistem otentikasi ini menggunakan username dan password yang terdapat dalam server LDAP. Universitas Diponegoro memiliki sistem informasi akademik yang beralamat di http://sia.undip.ac.id. Sistem informasi akademik ini digunakan mahasiswa untuk pengisian kartu rencana studi setiap semester. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut dibangun sebuah sistem pembelajaran jarak jauh yang menggunakan otentikasi login single sign on berbasis LDAP dan terintegrasi dengan sistem informasi akademik. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan meliputi studi literatur dan bimbingan, pengambilan data dan analisis, menggunakan metode pengembangan prototyping. Sistem dibuat menggunakan LMS Moodle, ownCloud, dan CAS Server serta LDAP Server Universitas Diponegoro. Penelitian ini telah dihasilkan sebuah purwarupa sistem pembelajaran jarak jauh berbasis LMS Moodle dan ownCloud yang memiliki otentikasi Single Sign On berbasis CAS Server dan LDAP Server. Moodle telah dikembangkan sehingga dapat melakukan enroll mahasiswa kedalam course sesuai dengan mata kuliah pada kartu rencana studi.

ANALISIS PERBAIKAN SISTEM PENTANAHAN TELEKOMUNIKASI

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Umar Umar

2015-04-01

Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah perbaikan sistem pentanahan site Kampung Baru dengan menggunakan konfigurasi single point connection window (SPCW, untuk mengamankan sistem telekomunikasi dari kebocoran arus dan petir serta imbasnya.  Perbaikan sistem pentanahan di site Kampung Baru menggunakan banyak elektroda yang membentuk persegi dikarenakan topografi tempat di sana yang memungkinkan dan efektif adalah menggunakan sistem tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan perhitungan perbaikan sistem di site Kampung Baru, didapatkan nilai perhitungan sistem pentanahan adalah 1.34 Ohm serta pengukurannya 1.21-1.25 Ohm.

Biochemical Factors Modulating Cellular Neurotoxicity of Methylmercury

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Parvinder Kaur

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Methylmercury (MeHg, an environmental toxicant primarily found in fish and seafood, poses a dilemma to both consumers and regulatory authorities, given the nutritional benefits of fish consumption versus the possible adverse neurological damage. Several studies have shown that MeHg toxicity is influenced by a number of biochemical factors, such as glutathione (GSH, fatty acids, vitamins, and essential elements, but the cellular mechanisms underlying these complex interactions have not yet been fully elucidated. The objective of this paper is to outline the cellular response to dietary nutrients, as well as to describe the neurotoxic exposures to MeHg. In order to determine the cellular mechanism(s of toxicity, the effect of pretreatment with biochemical factors (e.g., N-acetyl cysteine, (NAC; diethyl maleate, (DEM; docosahexaenoic acid, (DHA; selenomethionine, SeM; Trolox and MeHg treatment on intercellular antioxidant status, MeHg content, and other endpoints was evaluated. This paper emphasizes that the protection against oxidative stress offered by these biochemical factors is among one of the major mechanisms responsible for conferring neuroprotection. It is therefore critical to ascertain the cellular mechanisms associated with various dietary nutrients as well as to determine the potential effects of neurotoxic exposures for accurately assessing the risks and benefits associated with fish consumption.

Predictive models of benthic invertebrate methylmercury in Ontario and Quebec lakes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rennie, M.D.; Collins, N.C.; Purchase, C.F. [Toronto Univ., ON (Canada). Dept. of Biology; Tremblay, A. [Hydro-Quebec, Montreal, PQ (Canada)

2005-12-01

In both North America and Europe, high levels of mercury have been reported in lakes that do not receive obvious point-source mercury inputs. Concern over high contaminant levels in waterfowl and fish have prompted several government-issued advisories on safe levels of fish and wildlife intake for humans. Although the primary source of mercury in pristine lakes is directly through atmospheric deposition or indirectly via terrestrial runoff, there can be large variations in mercury concentrations in organisms in neighbouring lakes. Therefore, factors other than atmospheric deposition must influence bioavailability and accumulation of mercury in aquatic organisms. For that reason, multivariate analyses on benthic invertebrate methylmercury concentrations and water chemistry from 12 Quebec water bodies were used to construct simple, predictive models of benthic invertebrate methylmercury in 23 lakes in Ontario and Quebec. The study showed that the primary means of mercury accumulation for organisms in higher trophic positions is dietary through the assimilation of organic forms of mercury, principally methylmercury. The data from 12 Quebec water bodies, revealed that benthic invertebrates in reservoirs have higher methylmercury than those in natural lakes, and methylmercury is generally higher in predatory invertebrates. Reservoir age was found to correlate with fish, benthic invertebrate methylmercury, and also with lake chemistry parameters such as pH and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The objective of the study was to determine the appropriate level of taxonomic or functional resolution for generating benthic invertebrate methylmercury models, and to identify which environmental variables correlate most with benthic invertebrate methylmercury. Empirical models using these correlations were constructed and their predicted efficiency was tested by cross-validation. In addition, the effect of exposure to fish digestive enzymes on invertebrate methylmercury was

Phytoremediation of ionic and methylmercury pollution

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meagher, Richard B. [Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States). Dept. of Genetics

2010-04-28

Our long-term goal is to enable highly productive plant species to extract, resist, detoxify, and sequester the toxic elemental pollutants, like the heavy metal mercury. Our current working hypothesis is that transgenic plants controlling the transport, chemical speciation, electrochemical state. volatilization, and aboveground binding of mercury will: a) tolerate mercury and grow rapidly in mercury contaminated environments; b) prevent methylmercury from entering the food chain; c) remove mercury from polluted soil and water; and d) hyperaccumulate mercury in aboveground tissues for later harvest. Progress toward these specific aims is reported: to increase the transport of mercury into roots and to aboveground vegetative organs; to increase biochemical sinks and storage for mercury in leaves; to increase leaf cell vacuolar storage of mercury; and to demonstrate that several stacked transgenes, when functioning in concert, enhance mercury resistance and hyperaccumulation to high levels.

SISTEM PENDUKUNG PEMBELAJARAN TENSES UNTUK TINGKAT DASAR BERBASIS SISTEM PAKAR MENGGUNAKAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Totok Chamidy

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Sistem pendukung pembelajaran tenses adalah suatu sistem pembelajaran terkomputerisasi yang dirancang untuk membantu seseorang dalam mendalami tenses. Tenses merupakan materi dasar dalam grammar yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan waktu kejadian memiliki struktur kata pembentuk kalimat yang berbeda-beda pada tiap penunjuk kejadiannya. Dari struktur kata pembentuk kalimat itulah sistem dapat membedakan tenses bentuk apa kalimat tersebut. Untuk membedakannya, sistem menggunakan metode forward chaining. Metode forward chaining adalah metode yang digunakan untuk mencari kesimpulan dari fakta-fakta yang terkumpul. Sistem kerja aplikasi ini adalah dengan memecah susunan kalimat menjadi kata kemudian dari kata tersebut oleh sistem akan dicari fakta-fakta dari kata tersebut. Fakta-fakta tersebut adalah jabatan berupa subjek, objek, verb dan lain sebagainya. Dari fakta-fakta tersebut, pada tahap akhir sistem akan mencari kecocokan antara fakta-fakta pembentuk kalimat dengan rumus pembentuk tenses. Dari hasil penelitian dengan memasukkan kalimat-kalimat yang memiliki struktur yang berbeda, aplikasi ini mampu mengenali bentuk tenses pada kalimat-kalimat tersebut. Hal ini mengacu pada hasil pengujian yang didapatkan persentase sebesar 96% dari 100 kalimat masukan. Kata Kunci : sistem pakar, forward chaining, tenses

Neurotoxic response of infant monkeys to methylmercury

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Willes, R.F.; Truelove, J.F.; Nera, E.A.

1978-02-01

Four infant monkeys were dosed orally with 500 ..mu..g Hg/kg body wt./day (as methylmercury (MeHg) chloride dissolved sodium carbonate) beginning at 1 day of age. Neurological and behavioral signs of MeHg toxicity and blood Hg levels were monitored weekly. At first sign of MeHg intoxication, dosing with MeHg was terminated and the infants were monitored to assess reversal of the signs of MeHg toxicity. The first signs of MeHg toxicity, exhibited as a loss in dexterity and locomotor ability, were observed after 28 to 29 days of treatment; the blood Hg levels were 8.0 to 9.4 ..mu..g Hg/g blood. Dosing was terminated at 28 to 29 days of treatment but the signs of MeHg toxicity continued to develop. The infants became ataxic, blind, comatose and were necropsied at 35 to 43 days after initiating treatment with MgHg. The mercury concentrations in tissues analyzed after necropsy were highest in liver followed by occipital cortex and renal cortex. The mean blood/brain ratio was 0.21 +- 0.4. Histopathologic lesions were marked in the cerebrum with less severe lesions in the cerebellar nuclei. The Purkinje and granular cells of the cerebellar vermis appeared histologically normal. Lesions were not observed in the peripheral nervous system. The signs of MeHg intoxication, the tissue distribution of MeHg and histopathologic lesions observed in the infant monkeys were similar to those reported for adult monkeys.

IRIS Summary and Supporting Documents for Methylmercury ...

Science.gov (United States)

In January 2001, U.S. EPA finalized the guidance for methylmercury in the water quality criteria for states and authorized tribes. The links below take you to the best resources for this guidance. This final Guidance for Implementing the January 2001 Methylmercury Water Quality Criterion provides technical guidance to states and authorized tribes on how they may want to use the January 2001 fish tissue-based recommended water quality criterion for methylmercury in surface water protection programs (e.g., TMDLs, NPDES permitting). The guidance addresses questions related to water quality standards adoption (e.g., site-specific criteria, variances), assessments, monitoring, TMDLs, and NPDES permitting. The guidance consolidates existing EPA guidance where relevant to mercury.

Neuroprotective Effect of Portulaca oleraceae Ethanolic Extract Ameliorates Methylmercury Induced Cognitive Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Cerebellum and Cortex of Rat Brain.

Science.gov (United States)

Sumathi, Thangarajan; Christinal, Johnson

2016-07-01

Methylmercury (MeHg) is highly toxic, and its principal target tissue in human is the nervous system, which has made MeHg intoxication a public health concern for many decades. Portulaca oleraceae (purslane), a member of the Portulacaceae family, is widespread as a weed and has been ranked the eighth most common plant in the world. In this study, we sought for potential beneficial effects of Portulaca oleracea ethanolic extract (POEE) against the neurotoxicity induced by MeHg in cerebellum and cortex of rats. Male Wistar rats were administered with MeHg orally at a dose of 5 mg/kg b.w. for 21 days. Experimental rats were given MeHg and also administered with POEE (4 mg/kg, orally) 1 h prior to the administration of MeHg for 21 days. After MeHg exposure, we determine the mercury concentration by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS); mercury content was observed high in MeHg-induced group. POEE reduced the mercury content. We also observed that the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and the level of glutathione were reduced. The levels of glutathione reductase and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance were found to be increased. The above biochemical changes were found to be reversed with POEE. Behavioral changes like decrease tail flick response, longer immobility time, and decreased motor activity were noted down during MeHg exposure. POEE pretreatment offered protection from these behavioral changes. MeHg intoxication also caused histopathological changes in cerebellum and cortex, which was found to be normalized by treatment with POEE. The present results indicate that POEE has protective effect against MeHg-induced neurotoxicity.

Expression of human oxoguanine glycosylase 1 or formamidopyrimidine glycosylase in human embryonic kidney 293 cells exacerbates methylmercury toxicity in vitro

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ondovcik, Stephanie L.; Preston, Thomas J.; McCallum, Gordon P. [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2 (Canada); Wells, Peter G., E-mail: pg.wells@utoronto.ca [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2 (Canada); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8 (Canada)

2013-08-15

Exposure to methylmercury (MeHg) acutely at high levels, or via chronic low-level dietary exposure from daily fish consumption, can lead to adverse neurological effects in both the adult and developing conceptus. To determine the impact of variable DNA repair capacity, and the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidatively damaged DNA in the mechanism of toxicity, transgenic human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells that stably express either human oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (hOgg1) or its bacterial homolog, formamidopyrimidine glycosylase (Fpg), which primarily repair the oxidative lesion 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), were used to assess the in vitro effects of MeHg. Western blotting confirmed the expression of hOgg1 or Fpg in both the nuclear and mitochondrial compartments of their respective cell lines. Following acute (1–2 h) incubations with 0–10 μM MeHg, concentration-dependent decreases in clonogenic survival and cell growth accompanied concentration-dependent increases in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, ROS formation, 8-oxodG levels and apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites, consistent with the onset of cytotoxicity. Paradoxically, hOgg1- and Fpg-expressing HEK 293 cells were more sensitive than wild-type cells stably transfected with the empty vector control to MeHg across all cellular and biochemical parameters, exhibiting reduced clonogenic survival and cell growth, and increased LDH release and DNA damage. Accordingly, upregulation of specific components of the base excision repair (BER) pathway may prove deleterious potentially due to the absence of compensatory enhancement of downstream processes to repair toxic intermediary abasic sites. Thus, interindividual variability in DNA repair activity may constitute an important risk factor for environmentally-initiated, oxidatively damaged DNA and its pathological consequences. - Highlights: • hOgg1 and Fpg repair oxidatively damaged DNA. • hOgg1- and Fpg-expressing cells are more

A Methylmercury Prediction Too For Surface Waters Across The Contiguous United States (Invited)

Science.gov (United States)

Krabbenhoft, D. P.; Booth, N.; Lutz, M.; Fienen, M. N.; Saltman, T.

2009-12-01

About 20 years ago, researchers at a few locations across the globe discovered high levels of mercury in fish from remote settings lacking any obvious mercury source. We now know that for most locations atmospheric deposition is the dominant mercury source, and that mercury methylation is the key process that translates low mercury loading rates into relatively high levels in top predators of aquatic food webs. Presently, almost all US states have advisories for elevated levels of mercury in sport fish, and as a result there is considerable public awareness and concern for this nearly ubiquitous contaminant issue. In some states, “statewide” advisories have been issued because elevated fish mercury levels are so common, or the state has no effective way to monitor thousands of lakes, reservoirs, wetlands, and streams. As such, resource managers and public health officials have limited options for informing the public on of where elevated mercury concentrations in sport fish are more likely to occur than others. This project provides, for the first time, a national map of predicted (modeled) methylmercury concentrations in surface waters, which is the most toxic and bioaccumulative form of mercury in the environment. The map is the result of over two decades of research that resulted in the formulation of conceptual models of the mercury methylation process, which is strongly governed by environmental conditions - specifically hydrologic landscapes and water quality. The resulting predictive map shows clear regional trends in the distribution of methylmercury concentrations in surface waters. East of the Mississippi, the Gulf and southeastern Atlantic coast, the northeast, the lower Mississippi valley, and Great Lakes area are predicted to have generally higher environmental methylmercury levels. Higher-elevation, well-drained areas of Appalachia are predicted to have relatively lower methylmercury abundance. Other than the prairie pothole region, in the western

Methylmercury determination in sediments and fish tissues from the Nerbioi-Ibaizabal estuary (Basque Country, Spain)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sanz Landaluze, Jon; Diego, Alberto de; Raposo, Juan Carlos; Madariaga, Juan Manuel

2004-04-15

The analysis of methylmercury in extracts from environmental solid samples by gas chromatography coupled to microwave induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry (GC-MIP/AES) after the ethylation of the extract and the preconcentration of the volatile products in hexane has been critically investigated. In order to correct potential sources of random error along the analytical procedure affecting the overall repeatability of the analysis, the use of the inorganic mercury naturally occurring in the sample as internal standard in the analysis of methylmercury is proposed. A study to establish the best conditions to achieve a quantitative recovery of methylmercury without damaging its chemical structure has also been carried out. Magnetic stirring (without heating) of the sediment or fish tissue with 2 mol dm{sup -3} HNO{sub 3} or 10% methanolic KOH, respectively, during 90 min has been considered as the most effective procedure to release methylmercury preserving its structure. The proposed method has been validated using certified reference materials (CRM-580, CRM-463 and DOLT-2), assessing its quality in terms of accuracy, repeatability and detection limit. Finally, several sediment and fish samples collected in the estuary of the Nerbioi-Ibaizabal (Bilbao, Basque Country) have been analyzed following the procedures proposed. The results obtained show the validity of the proposed method to analyze real samples.

Low level and sub-chronic exposure to methylmercury induces hypertension in rats: nitric oxide depletion and oxidative damage as possible mechanisms

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Grotto, Denise; Barcelos, Gustavo R.M.; Barbosa, Fernando [Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Analises Clinicas, Toxicologicas e Bromatologicas, Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil); Castro, Michele M. de [Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP (Brazil); Garcia, Solange C. [Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil)

2009-07-15

Increased risk of hypertension after methylmercury (MeHg) exposure has been suggested. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well explored. In this paper, we have analyzed whether sub-chronic exposure to MeHg increases systolic blood pressure even at very low levels. In addition, we analyzed if the methylmercury-induced hypertension is associated with a decreased plasmatic nitric oxide levels and with a dysregulation of the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as the levels of MDA and glutathione. For this study, Wistar rats were treated with methylmercury chloride (100 {mu}g/kg per day) or vehicle. Total treatment time was 100 days. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and circulating NOx levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were determined in plasma, whereas glutathione levels were determined in erythrocytes. Our results show that long-term treatment at a low level of MeHg affected systolic blood pressure, increasing and reducing the levels of plasmatic MDA and NOx, respectively. However, the activity of SOD did not decrease in the MeHg exposed group when compared to the control. We found a negative correlation between plasmatic nitrite/nitrate (NOx) levels and systolic blood pressure (r=-0.67; P=0.001), and a positive correlation between MDA and systolic blood pressure (r=0.61; P=0.03), thus suggesting increased inhibition of NO formation with the increase of hypertension. In conclusion, long-term exposure to a low dose of MeHg increases the systolic pressure and is associated, at least in part, with increased production of ROS as judged by increased production of malondialdehyde and depressed NO availability. (orig.)

PENGARUH KESESUAIAN TUGAS-TEKNOLOGI, KUALITAS INFORMASI, DAN KUALITAS SISTEM TERHADAP KINERJA INDIVIDU PENGGUNA SISTEM ERP

OpenAIRE

WIJAYA OEI, SUFENNY

2016-01-01

2016 PENGARUH KESESUAIAN TUGAS-TEKNOLOGI, KUALITAS INFORMASI, DAN KUALITAS SISTEM TERHADAP KINERJA INDIVIDU PENGGUNA SISTEM ERP THE EFFECT OF TASK-TECHNOLOGY FIT, INFORMATION QUALITY, AND SYSTEM QUALITY TO ERP SYSTEM???S USER PERFORMANCE Sufenny Wijaya Oei Abdul Hamid Habbe Muhammad Achyar Ibrahim Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kesesuaian tugas-teknologi, kualitas informasi, dan kualitas sistem terhadap kinerja individu pengguna sistem Enterpr...

Effects of Prenatal Methylmercury Exposure: From Minamata Disease to Environmental Health Studies.

Science.gov (United States)

Sakamoto, Mineshi; Itai, Takaaki; Murata, Katsuyuki

2017-01-01

Methylmercury, the causative agent of Minamata disease, can easily penetrate the brain, and adult-type Minamata disease patients showed neurological symptoms according to the brain regions where the neurons, mainly in the cerebrum and cerebellum, were damaged. In addition, fetuses are exposed to methylmercury via the placenta from maternal fish consumption, and high-level exposure to methylmercury causes damage to the brains of infants. Typical patients with fetal-type Minamata disease (i.e., serious poisoning caused by in utero exposure to methylmercury) were born during the period of severe methylmercury pollution in 1955-1959, although they showed no abnormality during gestation nor at delivery. However, they showed difficulties in head control, sitting, and walking, and showed disturbances in mental development, these symptoms that are similar to those of cerebral palsy, during the growth periods after birth. The impaired development of fetal-type Minamata disease patients was one of the most tragic and characteristic feature of Minamata disease. In this review, we first summarize 1) the effects of prenatal methylmercury exposure in Minamata disease. Then, we introduce the studies that were conducted mainly by Sakamoto et al. as follows: 2) a retrospective study on temporal and regional variations of methylmercury pollution in Minamata area using preserved umbilical cord methylmercury, 3) decline in male sex ratio observed in Minamata area, 4) characteristics of hand tremor and postural sway in fetal-type Minamata disease patients, 5) methylmercury transfer from mothers to infants during gestation and lactation (the role of placenta), 6) extrapolation studies using rat models on the effects of prenatal methylmercury exposure on the human brain, and 7) risks and benefits of fish consumption.

Nail toxicity induced by cancer chemotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Gilbar, Peter; Hain, Alice; Peereboom, Veta-Marie

2009-09-01

To provide a comprehensive literature review of chemotherapy-induced nail toxicity, including clinical presentation, implicated drugs and approaches for prevention and management. A search of MEDLINE and EMBASE (1966-2008) databases was conducted using the terms (and variations of the terms) antineoplastic agents, nails, nail toxicity, onycholysis, and paronychia. Bibliographies from selected articles were reviewed for appropriate references. The retrieved literature was reviewed to include all articles relevant to the clinical presentation, diagnosis, incidence, prevention, and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nail toxicity. Nail toxicity is a relatively uncommon adverse effect linked to a number of chemotherapeutic agents. Clinical presentation varies, depending on which nail structure is affected and the severity of the insult. Nail changes may involve all or some nails. Toxicity may be asymptomatic and limited to cosmetic concerns, however, more severe effects, involving pain and discomfort can occur. Taxanes and anthracyclines are the antineoplastic drug groups most commonly implicated. It is suggested that the administration schedule may influence the incidence of nail abnormalities, for example reported cases linked to the weekly administration of paclitaxel.Before instituting chemotherapy, patients should be educated regarding potential nail toxicities and strategies for prevention implemented. Management includes appropriate nail cutting, avoiding potential irritants, topical, or oral antimicrobials, and possibly cessation or dose reduction of the offending agent. Cryotherapy, through the application of frozen gloves or socks, has been beneficial in reducing docetaxel-induced nail toxicity and may be effective for other drugs.

SISTEM VERIFIKASI ONLINE MENGGUNAKAN BIOMETRIKA WAJAH

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

I Nyoman Piarsa

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Sistem verifikasi online menggunakan biometrika wajah adalah sebuah sistem kontrol keamanan akses webyang menggunakan biometrika wajah. Sistem verifikasi bertujuan untuk menerima atau menolak identitas yangdiklaim oleh seseorang. Sistem ini dibagi dalam dua proses penting yaitu proses pendaftaran dan proses pengenalan.Proses pendaftaran adalah proses dimana seorang pengguna mendaftarkan dirinya dalam suatu web dan kemudianmelakukan pendaftaran wajah, data wajah yang telah terdaftar akan digunakan untuk proses selanjutnya yaitu prosespengenalan. Proses pedaftaran wajah menggunakan pendeteksian wajah yang menggunakan library OpenCV. Prosesverifikasi menggunakan sistem pengenalan yang menggunakan metode Eigenface.Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa, biometrika dapat diterapkan dan digunakan sebagai sistemverifikasi yang berbasiskan web secara online. Metode eigenface dalam proses pengenalan dapat digunakan sebagaisistem keamanan tambahan dengan menggunakan nilai ambang 1,2 dan penggunaan 4 eigenface. Pemilihan nilaiambang dan eigenface dapat disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan keamanan yang diinginkan. Nilai ambang danpenggunaan eigenface bersifat berlawanan arah dimana semakin kecil nilai ambang dan semakin besar penggunaaneigenface maka keakuratan sistem semakin akurat, dan sebaliknya sistem keakuratan sistem menjadi berkurang.

PERANCANGAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN PROTOTYPE SISTEM PARKIR

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Indah Ayu Septriyaningrum

2016-10-01

Abstrak  Sistem parkir manual pada pelayanan parkir mall memerlukan pengelolaan dan pengembangan sistem yang lebih rumit dan jauh dari kata efisien. Informasi yang didapatkan pengelola parkir terkait kondisi parkir di lapangan setiap harinya masih kurang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang dan mengembangkan prototype sistem parkir. Metode pengembangan dan perancangan sistem pada penelitian ini adalah metode Waterfall. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah sistem ini dapat mendeteksi keberadaan mobil pada slot parkir yang tersedia dengan bantuan Intel Galileo Board Gen 2 sebagai kontroler, sensor LDR (Light Dependent Resistor dan sensor ultrasonik (PING sebagai alat bantu pendeteksi keberadaan mobil. Sistem dapat menampilkan aktifitas parkir pada aplikasi web seperti kondisi lahan parkir kosong, lahan terisi, waktu masuk, waktu keluar, lama parkir dan kapasitas parkir yang tersedia serta grafik pemakaian lahan parkir. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perancangan dan pengembangan sistem berhasil diimplementasikan. Kata Kunci : Sistem parkir, waterfall, Intel Galileo Board Gen 2,sensor LDR (Light Dependent Resistor, sensor ultrasonik

SISTEM INFORMASI KESEHATAN KELURAHAN BLATER KABUPATEN PURBALINGGA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yogi Ramadhani

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Sistem Informasi semakin banyak digunakan dalam berbagai instansi untuk mempermudah dalam suatu pekerjaan. Sistem informasi berbasis komputer dapat mengurangi masalah dan memberikan keamanan dalam hal pengarsipan dokumen. Teknologi perangkat lunak komputer semakin berkembang dan memberikan banyak alternatif dalam pembangunan sebuah sistem informasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk membangun sebuah sistem informasi kesehatan yang userfriendly dan mudah digunakan. Sistem informasi kesehatan ini mengusung sebuah sistem pengarsipan digital dengan interface yang sederhana dan dapat diakses melalui peramban web. Sistem informasi ini menggunakan sebuah teknologi basis data MySql yang dipadukan dengan aplikasi Apache dan PHP.

Methylmercury in a predatory fish (Cichla spp.) inhabiting the Brazilian Amazon

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kehrig, Helena do A [Laboratorio de Radioisotopos Eduardo Penna Franca, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)], E-mail: kehrig@biof.ufrj.br; Howard, Bruce M. [T.H. Huxley School, Imperial College, London SW7 2BP (United Kingdom); Malm, Olaf [Laboratorio de Radioisotopos Eduardo Penna Franca, Instituto de Biofisica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

2008-07-15

This research tested whether limnological conditions, biological characteristics of fish and anthropogenic impacts influenced the assimilation of methylmercury into the muscle of a sedentary piscivorous fish, Cichla spp., from three rivers (Negro, Madeira, Tapajos) and two hydroelectric reservoirs (Balbina, Tucurui) within the Brazilian Amazon. Methylmercury in this fish ranged from 0.04 to 1.43 {mu}g g{sup -1} w.w. across sites. No significant differences were observed in the methylmercury concentrations between males and females, or for different morphotypes of this species. Positive correlations were found between methylmercury and fish body weight. No differences were found between the weight normalized methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations or its percent of total mercury in fish from the three rivers; weight normalized MeHg was highest in one of the two reservoirs. In Rio Tapajos, where gold mining and deforestation cause high water turbidity, fish showed the highest MeHg and concentrations were different across the four sites examined. In all sampling areas, the %MeHg was found to be higher than 70. - Cichla spp. may be considered good bioindicators of methylmercury contamination in the Amazonian ecosystem because of their integration of this pollutant over time.

Methylmercury in a predatory fish (Cichla spp.) inhabiting the Brazilian Amazon

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kehrig, Helena do A; Howard, Bruce M.; Malm, Olaf

2008-01-01

This research tested whether limnological conditions, biological characteristics of fish and anthropogenic impacts influenced the assimilation of methylmercury into the muscle of a sedentary piscivorous fish, Cichla spp., from three rivers (Negro, Madeira, Tapajos) and two hydroelectric reservoirs (Balbina, Tucurui) within the Brazilian Amazon. Methylmercury in this fish ranged from 0.04 to 1.43 μg g -1 w.w. across sites. No significant differences were observed in the methylmercury concentrations between males and females, or for different morphotypes of this species. Positive correlations were found between methylmercury and fish body weight. No differences were found between the weight normalized methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations or its percent of total mercury in fish from the three rivers; weight normalized MeHg was highest in one of the two reservoirs. In Rio Tapajos, where gold mining and deforestation cause high water turbidity, fish showed the highest MeHg and concentrations were different across the four sites examined. In all sampling areas, the %MeHg was found to be higher than 70. - Cichla spp. may be considered good bioindicators of methylmercury contamination in the Amazonian ecosystem because of their integration of this pollutant over time

SISTEM INVENTORI BARANG DENGAN TEKNOLOGI AJAX

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anna Fitriya

2015-11-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Sistem inventori barang pada pertokoan telah banyak dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi. Pada Toko Karya Indah, kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan inventori barang masih dilakukan secara manual sehingga pihak toko kesulitan untuk mengetahui data barang yang masih tersedia, habis, atau hampir habis. Selain itu, proses yang dilakukan membutuhkan waktu yang relatif lama. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sistem inventori barang. Sistem dibangun dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan database MySQL. Sistem disertai teknologi AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript And XML, khususnya AJAX autocomplete dan AJAX validasi. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah pengolahan data pada sistem inventori barang dengan menggunakan AJAX dapat dilakukan dengan lebih cepat dari pada tanpa AJAX. Kata kunci: sistem inventori, AJAX.

Methylmercury chloride induces learning deficits in prenatally treated rats

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Muesch, H.R.; Bornhausen, M.; Kriegel, H.; Greim, H.

1978-01-01

Methylmercury chloride (MMC) was given to pregnant rats on the 6th, 7th, 8th, and 9th day after conception in doses of 0.05 and 2.0 mg/kg/day. The female offspring of these animals were tested 90 days after birth for learning ability using operant conditioning procedures. The rats were kept at 90% of their normal body weight and trained in a lever-box to press a bar in order to obtain a food pellet. Significant differences in the acquisition speed became apparent when the ratio of bar presses to reward was increased in a classical contingency of differential reinforcement of high rates even at MMC-doses of 4 x 0.05 mg/kg. These differences were not found in the general motility level nor in motor coordination.

Accumulation and elimination of methylmercury in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) following dietary exposure

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Amlund, Heidi [National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen (Norway)]. E-mail: heidi.amlund@nifes.no; Lundebye, Anne-Katrine [National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen (Norway); Berntssen, Marc H.G. [National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen (Norway)

2007-08-01

Methylmercury is known to bioaccumulate and biomagnify up the marine food chain. Fish from high levels of the marine food chain may contain relatively high concentrations of mercury, and most (>70%) of the mercury found in muscle is methylmercury. In aquaculture, marine protein (mainly fishmeal) is the dominant source of methylmercury, and this raises some concern with regards to fish welfare and consumer safety. A dietary exposure study, including a depuration period, was carried out in order to study the accumulation and elimination of methylmercury in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.), and to estimate the transfer of methylmercury from feed to fish. Fish were sampled throughout a three month exposure period and a three month depuration period. Muscle samples were fractionated into a protein and a lipid fraction by lipid extraction using methanol and chloroform. Mercury and methylmercury were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) and gas chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (GC-ICPMS), respectively. A continuous accumulation of methylmercury, after a lag period of 10 days, was observed in muscle tissue during the three months exposure to methylmercury (0.95+/-0.03{mu}g Hg/g feed, n=6). After three months, the final concentration in muscle was 0.38+/-0.04{mu}g Hg/gww (n=6), where methylmercury constituted 90-95% of the mercury present. The elimination of methylmercury from muscle was slow and incomplete (within the three months of depuration) with an estimated elimination half-life (t{sub 1/2}) of 377 days. The transfer of methylmercury from feed to Atlantic cod, described by the estimated absorption efficiency, was 38%. In muscle more than 99% of the mercury was found in the protein fraction. These results suggest that Atlantic cod readily takes up dietary methylmercury, which is efficiently accumulated into muscle, where it is incorporated into larger peptides or proteins. Comparable results were found for

Accumulation and elimination of methylmercury in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) following dietary exposure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amlund, Heidi; Lundebye, Anne-Katrine; Berntssen, Marc H.G.

2007-01-01

Methylmercury is known to bioaccumulate and biomagnify up the marine food chain. Fish from high levels of the marine food chain may contain relatively high concentrations of mercury, and most (>70%) of the mercury found in muscle is methylmercury. In aquaculture, marine protein (mainly fishmeal) is the dominant source of methylmercury, and this raises some concern with regards to fish welfare and consumer safety. A dietary exposure study, including a depuration period, was carried out in order to study the accumulation and elimination of methylmercury in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.), and to estimate the transfer of methylmercury from feed to fish. Fish were sampled throughout a three month exposure period and a three month depuration period. Muscle samples were fractionated into a protein and a lipid fraction by lipid extraction using methanol and chloroform. Mercury and methylmercury were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) and gas chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (GC-ICPMS), respectively. A continuous accumulation of methylmercury, after a lag period of 10 days, was observed in muscle tissue during the three months exposure to methylmercury (0.95+/-0.03μg Hg/g feed, n=6). After three months, the final concentration in muscle was 0.38+/-0.04μg Hg/gww (n=6), where methylmercury constituted 90-95% of the mercury present. The elimination of methylmercury from muscle was slow and incomplete (within the three months of depuration) with an estimated elimination half-life (t 1/2 ) of 377 days. The transfer of methylmercury from feed to Atlantic cod, described by the estimated absorption efficiency, was 38%. In muscle more than 99% of the mercury was found in the protein fraction. These results suggest that Atlantic cod readily takes up dietary methylmercury, which is efficiently accumulated into muscle, where it is incorporated into larger peptides or proteins. Comparable results were found for Atlantic salmon

Gender differences in the disposition and toxicity of metals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vahter, Marie; Akesson, Agneta; Liden, Carola; Ceccatelli, Sandra; Berglund, Marika

2007-01-01

There is increasing evidence that health effects of toxic metals differ in prevalence or are manifested differently in men and women. However, the database is small. The present work aims at evaluating gender differences in the health effects of cadmium, nickel, lead, mercury and arsenic. There is a markedly higher prevalence of nickel-induced allergy and hand eczema in women compared to men, mainly due to differences in exposure. Cadmium retention is generally higher in women than in men, and the severe cadmium-induced Itai-itai disease was mainly a woman's disease. Gender differences in susceptibility at lower exposure are uncertain, but recent data indicate that cadmium has estrogenic effects and affect female offspring. Men generally have higher blood lead levels than women. Lead accumulates in bone and increased endogenous lead exposure has been demonstrated during periods of increased bone turnover, particularly in women in pregnancy and menopause. Lead and mercury, in the form of mercury vapor and methylmercury, are easily transferred from the pregnant women to the fetus. Recent data indicate that boys are more susceptible to neurotoxic effects of lead and methylmercury following exposure early in life, while experimental data suggest that females are more susceptible to immunotoxic effects of lead. Certain gender differences in the biotransformation of arsenic by methylation have been reported, and men seem to be more affected by arsenic-related skin effect than women. Experimental studies indicate major gender differences in arsenic-induced cancer. Obviously, research on gender-related differences in health effects caused by metals needs considerable more focus in the future

The determination of methylmercury, total mercury and total selenium in human hair

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1987-01-01

This Reference Method describes the determination of methylmercury in human hair by gas liquid chromatography. It is designed for biological monitoring of selected individuals and population groups with a possible intake of methylmercury exceeding the recommended Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI) through contaminated seafood, as part of a project on the evaluation of methylmercury in Mediterranean populations and related health hazards. The method, however, is also applicable to other regions. The method involves direct determination of methylmercury by gas liquid chromatography. The sample is disintegrated in a solution of sodium hydroxide, methylmercury is extracted from an aliquot of the solution into toluene and, after purification, a small volume is injected into a chromatographic column, filled with polyethyleneglycol succinate on Diatomite AW. Methylmercury in the gaseous mixture is detected with an electron capture detector and its amount determined by comparing the peak height with those of appropriate standards. The next Reference Method describes the determination of selenium in human hair (and other indicative tissues) by gas liquid chromatography and is designed for biological monitoring of selected individuals and population groups in the Mediterranean region with a possible intake of methylmercury exceeding the recommended Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI) through contaminated seafood. The data are intended to establish a possible correlation between methylmercury intake and levels of selenium in the subjects monitored. Selenium in the solvent phase is determined by gas liquid chromatography using an electron capture detector. The above method has been selected because selenium is determined in conjunction with methylmercury, both of which require competence in gas chromatographic techniques. Reliable result for total selenium, however, will also be obtained by the following techniques: a) Atomic absorption spectrophotometry; b

Short-term effect of severe exposure to methylmercury on atherosclerotic heart disease and hypertension mortality in Minamata.

Science.gov (United States)

Inoue, Sachiko; Yorifuji, Takashi; Tsuda, Toshihide; Doi, Hiroyuki

2012-02-15

Recent studies suggest potential adverse effects of methylmercury exposure on myocardial infarction and hypertension, although the evidence is still limited. We thus evaluated this association using age-standardized mortality ratios (ASMRs) in Minamata, where severe methylmercury poisoning had occurred. We obtained mortality data from annual vital statistics and demographic statistics from census. We then compared mortality of atherosclerotic heart disease including degenerative heart disease and hypertension in Minamata-city with those in Kumamoto Prefecture, which includes Minamata city, as a control. We estimated ASMRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) during the period from 1953 to 1970. ASMRs of atherosclerotic heart disease were continuously decreased during the period from 1953 to 1967. In contrast, the ASMR of hypertension was significantly elevated during the period from 1963 to 1967 (SMR=1.38, CI; 1.06-1.80); but they decreased later. Although dilution is present in this ecological study, our study supports the notion that methylmercury exposure induces hypertension. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Methylmercury inhibits prolactin release in a cell line of pituitary origin

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

L.A.L. Maués

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Heavy metals, such as methylmercury, are key environmental pollutants that easily reach human beings by bioaccumulation through the food chain. Several reports have demonstrated that endocrine organs, and especially the pituitary gland, are potential targets for mercury accumulation; however, the effects on the regulation of hormonal release are unclear. It has been suggested that serum prolactin could represent a biomarker of heavy metal exposure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of methylmercury on prolactin release and the role of the nitrergic system using prolactin secretory cells (the mammosomatotroph cell line, GH3B6. Exposure to methylmercury (0-100 μM was cytotoxic in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, with an LC50 higher than described for cells of neuronal origin, suggesting GH3B6 cells have a relative resistance. Methylmercury (at exposures as low as 1 μM for 2 h also decreased prolactin release. Interestingly, inhibition of nitric oxide synthase by N-nitro-L-arginine completely prevented the decrease in prolactin release without acute neurotoxic effects of methylmercury. These data indicate that the decrease in prolactin production occurs via activation of the nitrergic system and is an early effect of methylmercury in cells of pituitary origin.

Radiochemical determination of methylmercury chloride Part 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stary, J.; Prasilova, J.

1976-01-01

The isotope exchange between methylmercury species and an excess of inorganic radiomercury in sulphuric acid medium has been used for the simple determination of methylmercury chloride down to 0.01 ppm. The determination is not influenced by the presence of a great excess of other metals, however, chlorides, bromides and iodides interfere in higher concentrations. It has been found that the isotope exchange between CH 3 HgCl and 203 HgCl 4 2- (or 203 HgCl 2 ) in 0.01-3M hydrochloric acid is extremely slow, for the bimolecular reaction the rate constant is lower than 10 -3 mol -1 s -1 at 25 deg C. The isotope exchange rate between methylmercury chloride and mercuric-nitrate 0n on 0.5M sulphuric acid is higher. The isotope exchange is a bimolecular reaction with a rate constant k=0.050+-0.004 mol -1 s -1 at 25 deg C. (T.I.)

Curcumin mitigates fenthion-induced testicular toxicity in rats ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Fenthion is a widely used organophosphorus pesticide in agriculture that induces different cytotoxic effects, including male reproductive toxicity. The present work aimed to study the ameliorative effects of curcumin, a potential therapeutic agent against several chronic diseases, on reproductive toxicity induced by the ...

SISTEM PENGENALAN CITRA JENIS-JENIS TEKSTIL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abdul Fadlil

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Sistem pengenalan untuk identifikasi tekstil berbasis komputer merupakan proses memasukkan informasi berupa citra kain ke dalam komputer. Selanjutnya komputer menterjemahkan serta mengidentifikasi jenis kain tersebut. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan perancangan sistem identifikasi tekstil yang memanfatkan mikroskop digital untuk akuisisi data citra kain. Selanjutnya dilakukan pemrosesan awal, ekstraksi ciri dan pengklasifikasi. Pada pengembangan sistem ini terdiri 2 yaitu tahap penetuan pola standar referensi dan pengujian. Data yang digunakan sebagai standar refrensi sebanyak 5 sampel untuk masing-masing jenis kain yaitu blacu, finished dan rajut. Sedangkan untuk pengujian unjuk kerja sistem menggunakan 100 sampel untuk masingmasing jenis kain. Pengujian unjuk kerja sistem dilakukan dengan melakukan variasi ukuran citra dan metode metrik jarak. Hasil pengujian sistem identifikasi citra kain menunjukkan tingkat akurasi yang tinggi sebesar 93% untuk ukuran citra asli 600x800 dengan metode ekstraksi ciri histogram dan teknik klasifikasi metrik jarak Squared Chi Squared.

Mercury and methylmercury stream concentrations in a Coastal Plain watershed: a multi-scale simulation analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Knightes, C D; Golden, H E; Journey, C A; Davis, G M; Conrads, P A; Marvin-DiPasquale, M; Brigham, M E; Bradley, P M

2014-04-01

Mercury is a ubiquitous global environmental toxicant responsible for most US fish advisories. Processes governing mercury concentrations in rivers and streams are not well understood, particularly at multiple spatial scales. We investigate how insights gained from reach-scale mercury data and model simulations can be applied at broader watershed scales using a spatially and temporally explicit watershed hydrology and biogeochemical cycling model, VELMA. We simulate fate and transport using reach-scale (0.1 km(2)) study data and evaluate applications to multiple watershed scales. Reach-scale VELMA parameterization was applied to two nested sub-watersheds (28 km(2) and 25 km(2)) and the encompassing watershed (79 km(2)). Results demonstrate that simulated flow and total mercury concentrations compare reasonably to observations at different scales, but simulated methylmercury concentrations are out-of-phase with observations. These findings suggest that intricacies of methylmercury biogeochemical cycling and transport are under-represented in VELMA and underscore the complexity of simulating mercury fate and transport. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Neurotoxic response of infant monkeys to methylmercury.

Science.gov (United States)

Willes, R F; Truelove, J F; Nera, E A

1978-02-01

Four infant monkeys were dosed orally with 500 microgram Hg/kg body wt./day /as methylmercury (MeHg) chloride dissolved sodium carbonate) beginning at 1 day of age. Neurological and behavioral signs of MeHg toxicity and blood Hg levels were monitored weekly. At first sign of MeHg intoxication, dosing with MeHg was terminated and the infants were monitored to assess reversal of the signs of MeHg toxicity. The first signs of MeHg toxicity, exhibited as a loss in dexterity and locomotor ability, were observed after 28--29 days of treatment; the blood Hg levels were 8.0--9.4 microgram Hg/g blood. Dosing was terminated at 28--29 days of treatment but the signs of MeHg toxicity continued to develop. The infants became ataxic, blind, comatose and were necropsied at 35--43 days after initiating treatment with MgHg. The mercury concentrations in tissues analyzed after necropsy were highest in liver (55.8 +/- 3.2 microgram Hg/g) followed by occipital cortex (35.6 +/- 4.8 microgram Hg/g) renal cortex (32.8 +/- 1.6 microgram Hg/g). The frontal and temporal cortices had 27.0 +/- 3.4 and 29.6 +/- 4.9 microgram Hg/g respectively while the cerebellar Hg concentration averaged 13.0 +/- 1.5 microgram Hg/g. The mean blood/brain ratio was 0.21 +/- 0.4. Histopathologic lesions were marked in the cerebrum with less severe lesions in the cerebellar nuclei. The Purkinje and granular cells of the cerebellar vermis appeared histologically normal. Lesions were not observed in the peripheral nervous system. The signs of MeHg intoxication, the tissue distribution of MeHg and histopathologic lesions observed in the infant monkeys were similar to those reported for adult monkeys.

Development of a transgenic tobacco plant for phytoremediation of methylmercury pollution.

Science.gov (United States)

Nagata, Takeshi; Morita, Hirofumi; Akizawa, Toshifumi; Pan-Hou, Hidemitsu

2010-06-01

To develop the potential of plant for phytoremediation of methylmercury pollution, a genetically engineered tobacco plant that coexpresses organomercurial lyase (MerB) with the ppk-specified polyphosphate (polyP) and merT-encoding mercury transporter was constructed by integrating a bacterial merB gene into ppk/merT-transgenic tobacco. A large number of independent transgenic tobaccos was obtained, in some of which the merB gene was stably integrated in the plant genome and substantially translated to the expected MerB enzyme in the transgenic tobacco. The ppk/merT/merB-transgenic tobacco callus showed more resistance to methylmercury (CH3Hg+) and accumulated more mercury from CH3Hg+-containing medium than the ppk/merT-transgenic and wild-type progenitors. These results suggest that the MerB enzyme encoded by merB degraded the incorporated CH3Hg+ to Hg2+, which then accumulated as a less toxic Hg-polyP complex in the tobacco cells. Phytoremediation of CH3Hg+ and Hg2+ in the environment with this engineered ppk/merT/merB-transgenic plant, which prevents the release mercury vapor (Hg0) into the atmosphere in addition to generating potentially recyclable mercury-rich plant residues, is believed to be more acceptable to the public than other competing technologies, including phytovolatilization.

Speciation of methylmercury in rice grown from a mercury mining area

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li Lu [Department of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 (Canada); Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 (Canada); State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing100085 (China); Wang Feiyue, E-mail: wangf@ms.umanitoba.c [Department of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 (Canada); Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 (Canada); Meng Bo [State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 46 Guanshui Road, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002 (China); Lemes, Marcos [Department of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 (Canada); Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2 (Canada); Feng Xinbin [State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 46 Guanshui Road, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002 (China); Jiang Guibin [State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing100085 (China)

2010-10-15

Monomethylmercury (CH{sub 3}Hg{sup +} and its complexes; MeHg hereafter) is a known developmental neurotoxin. Recent studies have shown that rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain grown from mercury (Hg) mining areas may contain elevated MeHg concentrations, raising concerns over the health of local residents who consume rice on a daily basis. An analytical method employing high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) - inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) following enzymatic hydrolysis was developed to analyze the speciation of MeHg in uncooked and cooked white rice grain grown from the vicinity of a Hg mine in China. The results revealed that the MeHg in the uncooked rice is present almost exclusively as CH{sub 3}Hg-L-cysteinate (CH{sub 3}HgCys), a complex that is thought to be responsible for the transfer of MeHg across the blood-brain and placental barriers. Although cooking does not change the total Hg or total MeHg concentration in rice, no CH{sub 3}HgCys is measurable after cooking, suggesting that most, if not all, of the CH{sub 3}HgCys is converted to other forms of MeHg, the identity and toxicity of which remain elusive. - Methylmercury in uncooked rice occurs predominantly as methylmercury-L-cysteinate, which is effectively removed during the cooking process.

Simulasi Dinamika untuk Menentukan Stabilitas Sistem Tenaga Listrik Menggunakan Thyristor Controlled Braking Resistor pada Sistem IEEE 34 Node Test Feeder

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andi Taufiq

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Terdapat berbagai macam metode untuk meningkatkan stabilitas sistem  tenaga listrik. Salah satunya adalah dengan menggunakan metode pengereman dinamis (dynamic braking. Generator sinkron sebagai distributed generator yang digerakkan oleh mesin diesel. Pada saat terjadi gangguan pada sistem, digunakan sebuah Thyristor Controlled Braking Resistor (TCBR untuk meredam osilasi yang terjadi. Sistem yang hendak dianalisis dinamika dan stabilitasnnya adalah IEEE 34 node test feeder. Dengan sistem ini diilustrasikan karakteristik dan keefektifan TCBR untuk meredam osilasi frekuensi rendah dan mencegah terjadinya ketidakstabilan transien sistem. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa dengan adanya penambahan TCBR (Thyristor Controlled Braking Resistor maka respon transien sistem akan menjadi lebih baik. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya penurunan overshoot dan settling timenya. Dengan demikian sistem akan menuju kondisi stabil dengan lebih cepat setelah terjadi gangguan.

Floodplain methylmercury biomagnification factor higher than that of the contiguous river (South River, Virginia USA)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Newman, Michael C., E-mail: newman@vims.edu [College of William and Mary - VIMS, P.O. Box 1346, Rt. 1208 Greate Rd., Gloucester Point, VA 23062 (United States); Xu Xiaoyu, E-mail: xiaoyu@vims.edu [College of William and Mary - VIMS, P.O. Box 1346, Rt. 1208 Greate Rd., Gloucester Point, VA 23062 (United States); Condon, Anne, E-mail: anne_condon@fws.gov [U.S. Fish and Wildlife, 6669 Short Lane, Gloucester, VA 23061 (United States); Liang Lian, E-mail: liang@cebam.net [Cebam Analytical, Inc., 18804 North Creek Parkway, Suite 110, Bothell, WA 98011 (United States)

2011-10-15

Mercury biomagnification on the South River floodplain (Virginia, USA) was modeled at two locations along a river reach previously modeled for methylmercury movement through the aquatic trophic web. This provided an opportunity to compare biomagnification in adjoining trophic webs. Like the aquatic modeling results, methylmercury-based models provided better prediction than those for total mercury. Total mercury Food Web Magnification Factors (FWMF, fold per trophic level) for the two locations were 4.9 and 9.5. Methylmercury FWMF for the floodplain locations were higher (9.3 and 25.1) than that of the adjacent river (4.6). Previous speculation was not resolved regarding whether the high mercury concentrations observed in floodplain birds was materially influenced by river prey consumption by riparian spiders and subsequent spider movement into the trophic web of the adjacent floodplains. Results were consistent with a gradual methylmercury concentration increase from contaminated floodplain soil, to arthropod prey, and finally, to avian predators. - Highlights: > First comparison of methylmercury biomagnification in adjacent river/land food webs. > Methylmercury increased more rapidly in the terrestrial, than the aquatic, food web. > Methylmercury increased gradually from soil, to prey, and, to avian predators. - Higher methylmercury biomagnification on South River floodplain than the associated river likely explain high mercury in floodplain birds.

Mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced behavioral toxicities

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elisabeth G Vichaya

2015-04-01

Full Text Available While chemotherapeutic agents have yielded relative success in the treatment of cancer, patients are often plagued with unwanted and even debilitating side-effects from the treatment which can lead to dose reduction or even cessation of treatment. Common side effects (symptoms of chemotherapy include (i cognitive deficiencies such as problems with attention, memory and executive functioning; (ii fatigue and motivational deficit; and (iii neuropathy. These symptoms often develop during treatment but can remain even after cessation of chemotherapy, severely impacting long-term quality of life. Little is known about the underlying mechanisms responsible for the development of these behavioral toxicities, however, neuroinflammation is widely considered to be one of the major mechanisms responsible for chemotherapy-induced symptoms. Here, we critically assess what is known in regards to the role of neuroinflammation in chemotherapy-induced symptoms. We also argue that, based on the available evidence neuroinflammation is unlikely the only mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of chemotherapy-induced behavioral toxicities. We evaluate two other putative candidate mechanisms. To this end we discuss the mediating role of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs activated in response to chemotherapy-induced cellular damage. We also review the literature with respect to possible alternative mechanisms such as a chemotherapy-induced change in the bioenergetic status of the tissue involving changes in mitochondrial function in relation to chemotherapy-induced behavioral toxicities. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie the emergence of fatigue, neuropathy, and cognitive difficulties is vital to better treatment and long-term survival of cancer patients.

SISTEM ANTREAN PELAYANAN MEDIS PRAKTIK DOKTER BERSAMA BERBASIS WEB

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Imelda Rizky Purba

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Klinik merupakan bagian lembaga kesehatan yang menjadi tempat untuk berobat atau berkonsultasi mengenai kesehatan. Pelayanan klinik masih kurang efektif diantaranya proses antrean administrasi klinik cenderung dilakukan manual, mulai dari pendaftaran pada resepsionis, keluhan, dokter yang dituju, rekam medis dan sebagainya. Kondisi ini mendasari pengembangan sistem antrean pelayanan medis berbasis web. Sistem antrean dibuat menggunakan sistem pemilihan FIFO yaitu pasien dengan nomor antrean lebih awal mendapatkan pelayanan medis terlebih dahulu. Sistem dirancang memiliki tiga user yaitu pasien, dokter dan admin. Pengintegrasian sistem antrean yang dihasilkan mempermudah sistem administrasi termasuk mengurangi kesalahan penginputan data. Pasien dapat melakukan registrasi dan mendapatkan nomor antrean secara langsung dari sistem, dokter memberi status final pada sistem apabila telah selesai melakukan pemeriksaan dan admin tidak perlu lagi mendaftarkan pasien secara manual. Kata Kunci : Sistem Antrean, Web, Klinik, FIFO, Medis

Voltammetric studies on the electrochemical determination of methylmercury in chloride medium at carbon microelectrodes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ribeiro, F. [Centro de Electroquimica e Cinetica da Universidade de Lisboa, Departamento de Quimica e Bioquimica, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Ed. C8, 1749-016 Lisbon (Portugal); Neto, M.M.M. [Centro de Electroquimica e Cinetica da Universidade de Lisboa, Departamento de Quimica e Bioquimica, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Ed. C8, 1749-016 Lisbon (Portugal) and Departamento de Quimica Agricola e Ambiental, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon (Portugal)]. E-mail: mm.neto@netcabo.pt; Rocha, M.M. [Centro de Electroquimica e Cinetica da Universidade de Lisboa, Departamento de Quimica e Bioquimica, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Ed. C8, 1749-016 Lisbon (Portugal); Fonseca, I.T.E. [Centro de Electroquimica e Cinetica da Universidade de Lisboa, Departamento de Quimica e Bioquimica, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Ed. C8, 1749-016 Lisbon (Portugal)

2006-10-10

Electroanalytical techniques have been used to determine methylmercury at low levels in environmental matrices. The electrochemical behaviour of methylmercury at carbon microelectrodes in a hydrochloric acid medium using cyclic, square wave and fast-scan linear-sweep voltammetric techniques has been investigated. The analytical utility of the methylmercury reoxidation peak has been explored, but the recorded peak currents were found to be poorly reproducible. This is ascribed to two factors: the adsorption of insoluble chloromercury compounds on the electrode surface, which appears to be an important contribution to hinder the voltammetric signal of methylmercury; and the competition between the reoxidation of the methylmercury radical and its dimerization reaction, which limits the reproducibility of the methylmercury peak. These problems were successfully overcome by adopting the appropriate experimental conditions. Fast-scan rates were employed and an efficient electrochemical regeneration procedure of the electrode surface was achieved, under potentiostatic conditions in a mercury-free solution containing potassium thiocyanate-a strong complexing agent. The influence of chloride ion concentration was analysed. Interference by metals, such as lead and cadmium, was considered. Calibration plots were obtained in the micromolar and submicromolar concentration ranges, allowing the electrochemical determination of methylmercury in trace amounts. An estuarine water sample was analysed using the new method with a glassy carbon microelectrode.

Voltammetric studies on the electrochemical determination of methylmercury in chloride medium at carbon microelectrodes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ribeiro, F.; Neto, M.M.M.; Rocha, M.M.; Fonseca, I.T.E.

2006-01-01

Electroanalytical techniques have been used to determine methylmercury at low levels in environmental matrices. The electrochemical behaviour of methylmercury at carbon microelectrodes in a hydrochloric acid medium using cyclic, square wave and fast-scan linear-sweep voltammetric techniques has been investigated. The analytical utility of the methylmercury reoxidation peak has been explored, but the recorded peak currents were found to be poorly reproducible. This is ascribed to two factors: the adsorption of insoluble chloromercury compounds on the electrode surface, which appears to be an important contribution to hinder the voltammetric signal of methylmercury; and the competition between the reoxidation of the methylmercury radical and its dimerization reaction, which limits the reproducibility of the methylmercury peak. These problems were successfully overcome by adopting the appropriate experimental conditions. Fast-scan rates were employed and an efficient electrochemical regeneration procedure of the electrode surface was achieved, under potentiostatic conditions in a mercury-free solution containing potassium thiocyanate-a strong complexing agent. The influence of chloride ion concentration was analysed. Interference by metals, such as lead and cadmium, was considered. Calibration plots were obtained in the micromolar and submicromolar concentration ranges, allowing the electrochemical determination of methylmercury in trace amounts. An estuarine water sample was analysed using the new method with a glassy carbon microelectrode

PENGEMBANGAN PROTOTIPE SISTEM KONTROL MP3 PLAYER BERBASIS RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION PADA SISTEM PELAYANAN INFORMASI OBJEK MUSEUM

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

I Gede Nurhayata

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Adanya perbedaan dalam penyampaian informasi objek museum secara lisan oleh beberapa pemandu wisata menunjukkan kurangnya standarisasi layanan informasi objek museum. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan prototipe perangkat elektronik mobile sebagai salah satu alternatif standarisasi sistem pelayanan informasi objek museum. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode pengembangan dengan dua sub sistem perangkat pelayanan informasi objek meliputi:1 sistem identifikasi objek museum berbasis Radio Frequency Identification (RFID dan 2 sistem penyampaian informasi audio berbasis MP3 Player. Sub sistem pertama bertujuan mengenali identitas objek museum melalui perangkat RFID reader.  Sedangkan sub sistem kedua, bertujuan mengakses dan memainkan file audio pada MP3 player sehingga didengar melalui headphone. Hasil penelitian pada tahun pertama ini berupa perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak dalam identifikasi Tag ID dan kode tombol remote kontrol MP3 player. Berdasarkan data kinerja perangkat lunak dapat disimpulkan bahwa mikrokontroler AT89S51 dalam identifikasi Tag ID dan kode tombol pada remote kontrol MP3 player telah bekerja sesuai rancangan yang diharapkan. Disamping itu telah berhasil mengakses nomor informasi file audio sesuai dengan nomor identitas objek.

Oral bioaccessibility of toxic and essential elements in raw and cooked commercial seafood species available in European markets

KAUST Repository

Alves, Ricardo N.; Maulvault, Ana L.; Barbosa, Vera L.; Fernandez-Tejedor, Margarita; Tediosi, Alice; Kotterman, Michiel; van den Heuvel, Fredericus H.M.; Robbens, Johan; Fernandes, José O.; Romme Rasmussen, Rie; Sloth, Jens J.; Marques, Antó nio

2017-01-01

The oral bioaccessibility of several essential and toxic elements was investigated in raw and cooked commercially available seafood species from European markets. Bioaccessibility varied between seafood species and elements. Methylmercury bioaccessibility varied between 10 (octopus) and 60% (monkfish). Arsenic (>64%) was the toxic element showing the highest bioaccessibility. Concerning essential elements bioaccessibility in raw seafood, selenium (73%) and iodine (71%) revealed the highest percentages. The bioaccessibility of elements in steamed products increased or decreased according to species. For example, methylmercury bioaccessibility decreased significantly after steaming in all species, while zinc bioaccessibility increased in fish (tuna and plaice) but decreased in molluscs (mussel and octopus).Together with human exposure assessment and risk characterization, this study could contribute to the establishment of new maximum permissible concentrations for toxic elements in seafood by the European food safety authorities, as well as recommended intakes for essential elements.

Oral bioaccessibility of toxic and essential elements in raw and cooked commercial seafood species available in European markets

KAUST Repository

Alves, Ricardo N.

2017-11-17

The oral bioaccessibility of several essential and toxic elements was investigated in raw and cooked commercially available seafood species from European markets. Bioaccessibility varied between seafood species and elements. Methylmercury bioaccessibility varied between 10 (octopus) and 60% (monkfish). Arsenic (>64%) was the toxic element showing the highest bioaccessibility. Concerning essential elements bioaccessibility in raw seafood, selenium (73%) and iodine (71%) revealed the highest percentages. The bioaccessibility of elements in steamed products increased or decreased according to species. For example, methylmercury bioaccessibility decreased significantly after steaming in all species, while zinc bioaccessibility increased in fish (tuna and plaice) but decreased in molluscs (mussel and octopus).Together with human exposure assessment and risk characterization, this study could contribute to the establishment of new maximum permissible concentrations for toxic elements in seafood by the European food safety authorities, as well as recommended intakes for essential elements.

Menyikapi Kerapuhan Sistem Sosial Sebuah Pergumulan Teologis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

T. R. Andi Lolo

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Mengapa saya sangat tertarik berbicara tentang kerapuhan sistem sosial. Jawabannya ialah karena semua sistem, termasuk sistem sosial sedang dilanda oleh arus global yang tidak dapat dibendung dan sangat potensil memporak-porandakan semua sistem yang sudah mapan sekalipun. Gejala kerapuhan ini tidak bisa kita biarkan melainkan harus disikapi karena pada akhirnya, akibat dari arus tersebut akan menimpa umat manusia sebagai anggota dari berbagai sistem kehidupan, baik kehidupan ekonomi, sosial, politik, dan bahkan tidak terkecuali kehidupansebagai anggota dari komunitas agama. Sesuai dengan suasana dan lingkungan di mana orasi ini disampaikan, saya memilih bentuk kehidupanyang terakhir tadi sebagai bidang kajian untuk kita renungkan bersama.

Pemanfaatan Sistem RFID sebagai Pembatas Akses Ruangan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

HENDI HANDIAN RACHMAT

2016-02-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Pada penelitian ini, sistem RFID (Radio Frequency Identification dimanfaatkan sebagai kartu identifikasi personal pada sistem akses ruangan. Keberadaan sistem ini ditujukan untuk menjaga keamanan dan privasi ruangan dari seseorang yang tidak memiliki otoritas untuk memasuki ruangan tersebut. Melalui perancangan dan implementasi sistem akses ruangan ini, dilakukan evaluasi sistem kerja kunci elektrik berbasis komponen solenoid serta jarak dan posisi optimal pembacaan RFID tag guna memberikan kenyamanan pada pengguna ketika mengakses ruangan. RFID tag yang dipergunakan dalam sistem ini berbentuk kartu tipe EM4001 dan menyimpan kode unik yang digunakan sebagai identifikasi personal. Kode ini dibaca oleh RFID reader tipe ID-12 dan divalidasi otoritasnya dengan mikrokontroler ATMega32 untuk mengatur sistem kerja kunci elektrik yang dirancang sendiri menggunakan solenoid. Sistem ini dilengkapi pula dengan sistem database untuk pencatatan pengguna yang mengakses ruangan. Dari hasil pengujian, seluruh (100% RFID tag dapat dikenali oleh RFID reader dalam tiga posisi berbeda dengan jarak optimal sejauh 5 cm (vertikal dan 2 cm (horisontal. Keseluruhan (100% aktifitas pengguna yang mengakses ruangan dapat tercatat dalam sistem database. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa teknologi RFID dapat digunakan secara nyaman dan aman sebagai alternatif sistem identifikasi personal untuk sistem akses ruangan. Kata Kunci : kunci elektrik, RFID, sistem akses ruangan, sistem database, solenoid. ABSTRACT In this research, RFID system was utilized as a personal identification security card in access room system. This system was aimed to secure a room and to have privacy from unauthorized person to enter the room. By designing and implementing the system, a solenoid based electric key system as well as an optimal distance and position of RFID tag were evaluated to know the most convenience condition for all users during accessing the room. RFID tag used in

SISTEM INFORMASI AKADEMIK SMK IHSANIYAH KOTA TEGAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ali Habsyi

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK Ihsaniyah berlokasi di di Jalan Sumbodro No.14 kelurahan Slerok kecamatan Tegal Timur kota Tegal. SMK Ihsaniyah kota Tegal merupakan instansi yang bergerak dalam bidang pendidikan, saat ini membutuhkan sebuah sistem untuk dapat memberikan berbagai informasi khususnya informasi akademik terutama bagi peserta didik. Penyampaian informasi akademik di SMK Ihsaniyah kota Tegal masih bersifat manual, seperti nilai tugas atau  hasil UAS ditempelkan di papan pengumuman. Untuk itu dibuatkan sebuah Sistem Informasi Akademik SMK Ihsaniyah Kota Tegal,sehingga pendidik maupun peserta didik dapat melayani dan atau memperoleh layanan informasi akademik secara cepat dan praktis.Metode perancangan Sistem Informasi Akademik SMK Ihsaniyah Kota Tegalini menggunakan Diagram Arus Data (DFD, bahasa pemrograman PHP dan menggunakan database MySQL sehingga sistem yang dibuat bersifat dinamis. Dengan menggunakan sistem ini memaksimalkan pelayanan dan peningkatan produktivitas di bagian akademik. Kata Kunci : Sistem Informasi Akademi, PHP, MySQL

Environmentally induced epigenetic toxicity: potential public health concerns.

Science.gov (United States)

Marczylo, Emma L; Jacobs, Miriam N; Gant, Timothy W

2016-09-01

Throughout our lives, epigenetic processes shape our development and enable us to adapt to a constantly changing environment. Identifying and understanding environmentally induced epigenetic change(s) that may lead to adverse outcomes is vital for protecting public health. This review, therefore, examines the present understanding of epigenetic mechanisms involved in the mammalian life cycle, evaluates the current evidence for environmentally induced epigenetic toxicity in human cohorts and rodent models and highlights the research considerations and implications of this emerging knowledge for public health and regulatory toxicology. Many hundreds of studies have investigated such toxicity, yet relatively few have demonstrated a mechanistic association among specific environmental exposures, epigenetic changes and adverse health outcomes in human epidemiological cohorts and/or rodent models. While this small body of evidence is largely composed of exploratory in vivo high-dose range studies, it does set a precedent for the existence of environmentally induced epigenetic toxicity. Consequently, there is worldwide recognition of this phenomenon, and discussion on how to both guide further scientific research towards a greater mechanistic understanding of environmentally induced epigenetic toxicity in humans, and translate relevant research outcomes into appropriate regulatory policies for effective public health protection.

Disturbances of perinatal carbohydrate metabolism in rats exposed to methylmercury in utero

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Snell, K; Ashby, S L; Barton, S J

1977-12-01

Pregnant rats were given a single subcutaneous injection of methylmercuric chloride (at 4 or 8 mg/kg) on the ninth day of gestation. Fetal (2 days prenatal), newborn and postnatal (6 days post partum) animals from the methylmercury-treated mothers were investigated with respect to parameters of carbohydrate metabolism. In the absence of any physical abnormalities, fetal rats exposed to methylmercury in utero showed diminished concentrations of plasma glucose and liver glycogen concentrations and a lower hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase activity compared to control animals. Newborn rats from the methylmercury-treated mothers showed an impairment in glycogen mobilization in the first hours of extra-uterine life which was accompanied by a severe and protracted hypoglycemic response. Postnatal rats exposed to methylmercury in utero exhibited higher liver glycogen concentration and decreased body weights compared to control rats. The results point to a derangement of perinatal carbohydrate metabolism in the offspring of pregnant rats exposed briefly to low doses of methylmercury during gestation (''metabolic teratogenesis''). The postnatal hypoglycemic episode in exposed rats may contribute to the pathogenesis of the neurological disturbances revealed by these animals in later life.

Disain Sistem SCADA jarak Jauh Menggunakan Layanan VPN 3G Untuk Penggerak Pompa pada Sistem Pengolahan Air

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Asep Insani

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Dalam pengolahan air gambut menjadi air bersih yang menggunakan metode AOP dan RO ini, pengaturan tekanan pompa merupakan sesuatu yang sangat vital pada saat dilakukan suplay air yang akan diolah ke sistem. Sistem pengolahan air yang menggunakan pompa tersebut harus selalu dipastikan beroperasi dengan normal disesuaikan dengan peruntukannya. Manajemen terbaru sistem pengolahan air memerlukan teknologi yang terbaru pada peralatan remote control system, dan yang paling fundamental untuk hal ini adalah penggunaan layanan public untuk akusisi dan pengawasan dari data yang diambil dari peralatan kontrol. Untuk mewujudkan remote control untuk pompa dengan tekanan tertentu dengan PLC, didisain dengan kombinasi antara internet, arsitektur dan implementasi dari sistem SCADA, yang menggabungkan jaringan komputer, PLC, WinCC, dan teknologi VPN. Dalam melakukan disain, perlu diperhatikan poin-poin penting baik dari sisi server maupun sisi controller. Disain sistem SCADA remote dapat mengefisienkan waktu bagi operator dan pemantauan lebih lanjut untuk suplay air.

Sistem Pakar Analisis Kepribadian Diri dengan Metode Certainty Factor

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Putu Veda Andreyana

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Kepribadian adalah sifat dan tingkah laku khas seseorang yang membedakan seseorang dengan orang lain. Salah satu metode yang digunakan psikolog adalah Big Five Personality untuk mendapatkan jenis-jenis kepribadian. Sistem pakar adalah sistem informasi yang berisi pengetahuan dari pakar yang dapat melakukan analisa seperti seorang pakar. Sistem Pakar Kepribadian Diri dengan metode Big Five dapat memudahkan seseorang melakukan tes kepribadian tanpa psikolog, dan memudahkan psikolog dalam melakukan tes kepribadian karena tanpa melakukan perhitungan manual. Sistem Pakar Kepribadian Diri merupakan sistem berbasis web yang memberikan hasil tes kepribadian seseorang dan juga memberikan informasi tentang jenis-jenis kepribadian yang ada. Sistem ini diimplementasikan menggunakan metode forward chaining untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan dari suatu kepribadian. Output sistem pakar tes kepribadian berupa jenis-jenis kepribadian berdasarkan Big Five Personality. Persentase kepercayaan yang diperoleh berdasarkan kuesioner terhadap sistem pakar ini yaitu tingkat akurasi 74%. Kata kunci: Sistem Pakar, Kepribadian, Big Five Personality, Certainty Factor, Forward Chaining

Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Hotel Berbasis Android

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Putu Arismawan Jaya Kusuma

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Hotel merupakan fasilitas yang sudah menjadi kebutuhan yang sangat penting bagi masyarakat meliputi kebutuhan traveling antar kota dalam urusan bisnis maupun wisata. Teknologi informasi dalam pengolahan informasi sangatlah diperlukan dalam pengolahan data instansi hotel agar data dapat dikelola dengan baik sehingga membantu pengelola dalam melakukan pengambilan keputusan. Kecepatan dan efisiensi suatu sistem dalam pengolahan data manajerial hotel kini menjadi suatu hal mutlak yang diperlukan dalam kompetisi di dunia bisnis perhotelan. Sistem informasi berbasis Android merupakan solusi tepat untuk mengatasi permasalahan kebutuhan pengolahan data manajerial hotel yang bersifat dinamis dan dapat diakses secara mobile. Perangkat mobile yang terintegrasi dengan web merupakan salah satu pilihan yang tepat untuk mengolah sistem informasi perhotelan, dalam pelaksanaan administrator sistem informasi dapat mengelola data dari server database. Seorang user dapat memperoleh informasi dengan membuat permintaan dari aplikasi yang telah terpasang sebelumnya pada smartphone android, ke database. Segala proses pertukaran data disimpan pada server web. Kata kunci : Teknologi, Sistem Informasi, Hotel, Front Office

Toxic clinical hypoxic radiation sensitizers plus radiation-induced toxicity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Richmond, R.C.

1984-01-01

The operational definition espoused twelve years ago that clinical hypoxic radiation sensitizers should be nontoxic interferes with the recognition and research of useful radiation sensitizers. Eight years ago the toxic antitumor drug cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) was reported to be a hypoxic radiation sensitizer and the selective antitumor action of this drug was stressed as potentially creating tumor-targeted radiation sensitization. This rationale of oxidative antitumor drugs as toxic and targeted clinical sensitizers is useful, and has led to the study reported here. The antitumor drug cis-(1,1-cyclobutane-dicarboxylato)diammineplatinum(II), or JM-8, is being tested in clinical trials. Cells of S. typhimurium in PBS in the presence of 0.2mM JM-8 are found to be sensitized to irradiation under hypoxic, but not oxic, conditions. JM-8 is nontoxic to bacteria at this concentration, but upon irradiation the JM-8 solution becomes highly toxic. This radiation induced toxicity of JM-8 preferentially develops from hypoxic solution, and thus contributes to the rationale of hypoxic tumor cell destruction

Removal of methylmercury and tributyltin (TBT) using marine microorganisms.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Seong Eon; Chung, Jin Wook; Won, Ho Shik; Lee, Dong Sup; Lee, Yong-Woo

2012-02-01

Two marine species of bacteria were isolated that are capable of degrading organometallic contaminants: Pseudomonas balearica, which decomposes methylmercury; and Shewanella putrefaciens, which decomposes tributyltin. P. balearica decomposed 97% of methylmercury (20.0 μg/L) into inorganic mercury after 3 h, while S. putrefaciens decomposed 88% of tributyltin (55.3 μg Sn/L) in real wastewater after 36 h. These data indicate that the two bacteria efficiently decomposed the targeted substances and may be applied to real wastewater.

Recognizing and Preventing Overexposure to Methylmercury from Fish and Seafood Consumption: Information for Physicians

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Susan M. Silbernagel

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Fish is a valuable source of nutrition, and many people would benefit from eating fish regularly. But some people eat a lot of fish, every day or several meals per week, and thus can run a significant risk of overexposure to methylmercury. Current advice regarding methylmercury from fish consumption is targeted to protect the developing brain and nervous system but adverse health effects are increasingly associated with adult chronic low-level methylmercury exposure. Manifestations of methylmercury poisoning are variable and may be difficult to detect unless one considers this specific diagnosis and does an appropriate test (blood or hair analysis. We provide information to physicians to recognize and prevent overexposure to methylmercury from fish and seafood consumption. Physicians are urged to ask patients if they eat fish: how often, how much, and what kinds. People who eat fish frequently (once a week or more often and pregnant women are advised to choose low mercury fish.

Biosynthesis of methylmercury compounds by the intestinal flora of the rat

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rowland, I.; Davies, M.; Grasso, P.

1977-01-01

The contents of the rat cecum and, to a lesser extent, those of the small intestine, synthesized methylmercury from mercuric chloride labeled with Hg 203 in vitro under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. The rate of formation was approximately 18 ng/g cecal contents/20 hr. The synthesis of methylmercury was inhibited by antibiotics and by filtration of the cecal contents through membrane filters, indicating that the bacterial flora of the gut participates in the reaction. Pure cultures of bacteria, isolated from the intestinal tract of the rat, could methylate mercuric chloride. It was estimated that the total amount of methylmercury synthesized from ingested inorganic mercury in man is approximately 400 ng/day

IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM KLASIFIKASI MOBIL PADA SISTEM PENGATURAN LAMPU LALU LINTAS TERDISTRIBUSI BERBASISKAN JARINGAN SYARAF TIRUAN

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Arief Ramadhan

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Sistem Pengaturan Lampu Lalu Lintas Terdistribusi adalah sebuah sistem lampu lalu lintas yang ditujukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan akan kinerja pengaturan lampu lalu lintas yang cerdas dengan pengambilan data secara real-time. Sistem ini dapat melakukan penjadwalan dan pengaturan jaringan banyakpersimpangan secarareal-time yang tidak bisa dilakukan oleh sistem pengaturan lampu lalu lintas konvensional. Penerapan klasifikasi di dalam sistem ini digunakan untuk meningkatkan akurasi dari pengenalan mobil. Proses klasifikasi diimplementasikan menggunakan tiga algoritma Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan, yakni Backpropagation, FLVQ, dan FLVQ-PSO. Berdasarkan hasil ujicoba, dapat ditunjukkan bahwa algoritma Backpropagationmemiliki performa akurasi yang lebih baik dibandingkan dua algoritma JST yang lainnya. Distributed Traffic Light Control System is a traffic light system intended to meet the need for setting the performance of intelligent traffic lights with real-time data capturing. The system can perform scheduling and network settings of multi-junction in real time that can not be done by a conventional traffic light settings system. Application of classification within this system is used to improve the accuracy of the car recognition. Classification process is implemented using three neural network algorithms, namely Backpropagation, FLVQ, and FLVQ-PSO. Based on the test results, it can be shown that the Backpropagation algorithm performs better accuracy than the other two algorithms.

Perancangan Dan Realisasi Sistem Transmisi Data GPS Menggunakan Teknologi SMS (Short Messaging Service) Sebagai Aplikasi Sistem Personal Tracking

OpenAIRE

DECY NATALIANA

2013-01-01

Abstrak Berprinsip pada pengembangan teknologi dan aplikasi dari sistem penjejakan posisi (tracking), maka dibuatlah sistem personal tracking dengan mentransmisikan data GPS (Global Positioning System) dengan menggunakan teknologi SMS (Short Messaging Service) pada jaringan GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) sebagai media transmisinya.  Dengan sistem GPS akan diperoleh data garis lintang, serta garis bujur dari GPS receiver.  Data tersebut akan diteruskan oleh mikrokontroler untuk ...

Oxidative stress-induced autophagy: Role in pulmonary toxicity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Malaviya, Rama; Laskin, Jeffrey D.; Laskin, Debra L.

2014-01-01

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process important in regulating the turnover of essential proteins and in elimination of damaged organelles and protein aggregates. Autophagy is observed in the lung in response to oxidative stress generated as a consequence of exposure to environmental toxicants. Whether autophagy plays role in promoting cell survival or cytotoxicity is unclear. In this article recent findings on oxidative stress-induced autophagy in the lung are reviewed; potential mechanisms initiating autophagy are also discussed. A better understanding of autophagy and its role in pulmonary toxicity may lead to the development of new strategies to treat lung injury associated with oxidative stress. - Highlights: • Exposure to pulmonary toxicants is associated with oxidative stress. • Oxidative stress is known to induce autophagy. • Autophagy is upregulated in the lung following exposure to pulmonary toxicants. • Autophagy may be protective or pathogenic

Oxidative stress-induced autophagy: Role in pulmonary toxicity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Malaviya, Rama [Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (United States); Laskin, Jeffrey D. [Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (United States); Laskin, Debra L., E-mail: laskin@eohsi.rutgers.edu [Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (United States)

2014-03-01

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved catabolic process important in regulating the turnover of essential proteins and in elimination of damaged organelles and protein aggregates. Autophagy is observed in the lung in response to oxidative stress generated as a consequence of exposure to environmental toxicants. Whether autophagy plays role in promoting cell survival or cytotoxicity is unclear. In this article recent findings on oxidative stress-induced autophagy in the lung are reviewed; potential mechanisms initiating autophagy are also discussed. A better understanding of autophagy and its role in pulmonary toxicity may lead to the development of new strategies to treat lung injury associated with oxidative stress. - Highlights: • Exposure to pulmonary toxicants is associated with oxidative stress. • Oxidative stress is known to induce autophagy. • Autophagy is upregulated in the lung following exposure to pulmonary toxicants. • Autophagy may be protective or pathogenic.

Gene expression changes in female zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain in response to acute exposure to methylmercury

Science.gov (United States)

Richter, Catherine A.; Garcia-Reyero, Natàlia; Martyniuk, Chris; Knoebl, Iris; Pope, Marie; Wright-Osment, Maureen K.; Denslow, Nancy D.; Tillitt, Donald E.

2011-01-01

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a potent neurotoxicant and endocrine disruptor that accumulates in aquatic systems. Previous studies have shown suppression of hormone levels in both male and female fish, suggesting effects on gonadotropin regulation in the brain. The gene expression profile in adult female zebrafish whole brain induced by acute (96 h) MeHg exposure was investigated. Fish were exposed by injection to 0 or 0.5(mu or u)g MeHg/g. Gene expression changes in the brain were examined using a 22,000-feature zebrafish microarray. At a significance level of pinduced in response to MeHg with that induced by other toxicants and will investigate responsive genes as potential biomarkers of MeHg exposure.

Sistem Perkuliahan Online pada IAIN Raden Intan Bandar Lampung

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sudarmaji Sudarmaji

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Sistem Informasi berbasis E-learning ini merupakan hasil dari analisis dan observasi yang penulis lakukan terhadap sistem informasi yang sedang berjalan dan hasil perancangan yang baru dari perancangan Sistem Informasi Perkuliahan Online Pada IAIN Raden Intan Bandar Lampung yang menggunakan database, dan menghasilkan sebuah antarmuka perkuliahan antara dosen dan mahasiswa. Secara garis besar penulis dapat mengemukakan bahwa sebagian sistem informasi yang sedang berjalan belum cukup baik, karena terdapat kekurangan dalam sistem tersebut, yaitu sistem Online dan e-learning yang tidak menjadi satu, sehingga dinilai kurang efisien dalam sistem perkuliahan sebuah universitas.  Penelitian menggunakan metode pengolahan data berupa observasi, interview, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan metode perancangan aplikasi menggunakan Bagan Alir Dokumen, Data Flow Diagram, Entity Relationship Diagram. Software pendukung dalam pembuatan website ini ialah adobe dreamweaver cs 6, bahasa pemrograman php dan database. Sistem Informasi Perkuliahan Online menghasilkan rancangan berupa rancangan database/basis data yaitu tabel perkuliahan, dosen, mahasiswa, status, forum.  Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD dan Relasi antar tabel. Rancangan antar muka yaitu login, halaman utama, halaman mahasiswa, halaman forum, halaman nilai dan halaman status. Dari perancangan aplikasi ini diharapkan dapat memperbaiki sistem perkuliahan yang berjalan pada IAIN Raden Intan Bandar Lampung.

Methylmercury Causes Blood-Brain Barrier Damage in Rats via Upregulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression.

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Tetsuya Takahashi

Full Text Available Clinical manifestations of methylmercury (MeHg intoxication include cerebellar ataxia, concentric constriction of visual fields, and sensory and auditory disturbances. The symptoms depend on the site of MeHg damage, such as the cerebellum and occipital lobes. However, the underlying mechanism of MeHg-induced tissue vulnerability remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we used a rat model of subacute MeHg intoxication to investigate possible MeHg-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB damage. The model was established by exposing the rats to 20-ppm MeHg for up to 4 weeks; the rats exhibited severe cerebellar pathological changes, although there were no significant differences in mercury content among the different brain regions. BBB damage in the cerebellum after MeHg exposure was confirmed based on extravasation of endogenous immunoglobulin G (IgG and decreased expression of rat endothelial cell antigen-1. Furthermore, expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, a potent angiogenic growth factor, increased markedly in the cerebellum and mildly in the occipital lobe following MeHg exposure. VEGF expression was detected mainly in astrocytes of the BBB. Intravenous administration of anti-VEGF neutralizing antibody mildly reduced the rate of hind-limb crossing signs observed in MeHg-exposed rats. In conclusion, we demonstrated for the first time that MeHg induces BBB damage via upregulation of VEGF expression at the BBB in vivo. Further studies are required in order to determine whether treatment targeted at VEGF can ameliorate MeHg-induced toxicity.

FLEXICMS - ODPRTOKODNI SISTEM UPRAVLJANJE Z VSEBINO

OpenAIRE

Pirnat, Miha

2012-01-01

V diplomski nalogi smo implementirali spletni sistem upravljanja vsebine, ki smo ga poimenovali FlexiCMS. Glavni cilj je bil zgraditi majhen in pregleden sistem, a z dovolj funkcionalnosti, da je primeren za realne spletne strani. FlexiCMS je implementiran v programskem jeziku PHP za spletne strežnike Apache. Za shranjevanje podatkov strani se uporablja podatkovna baza MySQL. Načrtovali smo ga kot minimalističen sistem in pri tem imeli v mislih najpogostejše funkcije spletnih strani. Vgr...

Negative confounding by essential fatty acids in methylmercury neurotoxicity associations

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Choi, Anna L; Mogensen, Ulla Brasch; Bjerve, Kristian S

2014-01-01

acid concentrations in the analysis (-22.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]=-39.4, -4.62). In structural equation models, poorer memory function (corresponding to a lower score in the learning trials and short delay recall in CVLT) was associated with a doubling of prenatal exposure to methylmercury after...... concentrations of fatty acids were determined in cord serum phospholipids. Neuropsychological performance in verbal, motor, attention, spatial, and memory functions was assessed at 7 years of age. Multiple regression and structural equation models (SEMs) were carried out to determine the confounder......-adjusted associations with methylmercury exposure. RESULTS: A short delay recall (in percent change) in the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) was associated with a doubling of cord blood methylmercury (-18.9, 95% confidence interval [CI]=-36.3, -1.51). The association became stronger after the inclusion of fatty...

Determination of methylmercury salts in various kinds of biological material

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Westoeoe, G

1968-01-01

The cysteine acetate modification of the method for determining methylmercury salts in foods, which was useful for analysis of fish, egg white, and meat, was not efficient when applied to egg yolk with low methylmercury content, liver, sediments in aquaria, or sludge. Therefore some modifications of the procedure have been investigated. A combination of the mercuric chloride and cysteine acetate procedures gave good results for sediments in aquaria and sludge and could also be used for, e.g., fish, egg white, bile, kidney, blood, meat, and moss. Precipitation of the proteins with molybdic acid at the first extraction improved the results for liver but not for egg yolk. For egg yolk an increase of the concentration of the cysteine acetate solution from 1 to 10% gave 90% recovery of added methylmercury, repeated extractions 100% recovery. 5 references, 2 tables.

Species difference between rat and hamster in tissue accumulation of mercury after administration of methylmercury

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Omata, Saburo; Kasama, Hidetaka; Hasegawa, Hiroshi; Hasegawa, Kazuhiro; Sugano, Hiroshi; Ozaki, Kunio

1986-01-01

The accumulation of mercury in tissues of the rat and hamster was determined after the administration of a single dose of 203 Hg-methylmercury chloride (10 mg/kg body weight). (1) On day 2, the mercury contents of hamster tissues were higher than those of rat tissues, except for red blood cells, in which the mercury content was about 6-fold higher in the rat than in the hamster. (2) After that time, the mercury content of hamster tissues decreased rather steeply and on day 16 it had reached 14-25% in nervous tissues and 7-15% in other tissues, of the levels on day 2. (3) In the rat, on the other hand, the mercury content of nervous tissues on day 16 was higher than that on day 2 (106-220%), except for dorsal roots and dorsal root ganglia, which showed slight decreases (75-94% of the levels on day 2). In non-neural tissues, the decreases up to day 16 were also small (71-92% of the levels on day 2). (4) Thus, both the uptake and elimination of mercury seem to be more rapid in the tissues of hamster compared with those of the rat. Similar trends of mercury accumulation and elimination were observed when animals received multiple injections of methylmercury that induced acute methylmercury intoxication. (5) Significant biotransmormation of the injected methylmercury to inorganic mercury was detected in the liver, kidney and spleen of both animal species. Although the percentages of inorganic mercury in these tissues wer not so different between the two species on day 2, they became exceedingly high in the tissues of hamster at the later stage, except in the kidney cytosol, in which the values were close in both animal species between day 2 and day 16. (orig.)

Mercury-Resistant Marine Bacteria and their Role in Bioremediation of Certain Toxicants

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

De, J.

of heavy metals (mercury, cadmium, lead to name a few). Without efficient retention technologies, toxic chemicals including Hg are let into the environment, endangering ecosystems and public health. The main focus in this section is on literature review... toxicity. For the most sensitive species, Daphnia magna, the NOTEL for reproductive impairment is 3 ppb for inorganic mercury and lesser than 0.04 ppb for methylmercury (Canstein, 2000). Hence it is of great importance for both environment and public health...

Methylmercury decomposition in sediments and bacterial cultures: Involvement of methanogens and sulfate reducers in oxidative demethylation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oremland, R.S.; Culbertson, C.W.; Winfrey, M.R.

1991-01-01

The biogeochemical cycling of mercury has received considerable attention because of the toxicity of methylmercury, its bioaccumulation in biota, and its biomagnification in aquatic food chains. The formation of methylmercury is mediated primarily by microorganisms. Demethylation of monomethylmercury in freshwater and estuarine sediments and in bacterial cultures was investigated with 14 CH 3 HgI. Under anaerobiosis, results with inhibitors indicated partial involvement of both sulfate reducers and methanogens, the former dominated estuarine sediments, while both were active in freshwaters. Aerobes were the most significant demethylators in estuarine sediments, but were unimportant in freshwater sediments. Products of anaerobic demthylation were mainly 14 CO 2 as well as lesser amounts of 14 CH 4 . Acetogenic activity resulted in fixation of some 14 CO 2 produced from 14 CH 3 HgI into acetate. Aerobic demethylation in estuarine sediments produced only 14 CH 4 , while aerobic demethylation in freshwater sediments produced small amounts of both 14 CH 4 and 14 CO 2 . Two species of Desulfovibrio produced only traces of 14 CH 4 from 14 CH 3 HgI, while a culture of a methylotrophic methanogen formed traces of 14 CO 2 and 14 CH 4 when grown on trimethylamine in the presence of the 14 CH 3 HgI. These results indicate that both aerobes and anaerobes demethylate mercury in sediments, but that either group may dominate in a particular sediment type. Aerobic demethylation in the estuarine sediments appeared to proceed by the previously characterized organomercurial-lyase pathway, because methane was the sole product. This indicates the presence of an oxidative pathway, possibly one in which methylmercury serves as an analog of one-carbon substrates

The Nicotine-Evoked Locomotor Response: A Behavioral Paradigm for Toxicity Screening in Zebrafish (Danio rerio Embryos and Eleutheroembryos Exposed to Methylmercury.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco X Mora-Zamorano

Full Text Available This study is an adaptation of the nicotine-evoked locomotor response (NLR assay, which was originally utilized for phenotype-based neurotoxicity screening in zebrafish embryos. Zebrafish embryos do not exhibit spontaneous swimming until roughly 4 days post-fertilization (dpf, however, a robust swimming response can be induced as early as 36 hours post-fertilization (hpf by means of acute nicotine exposure (30-240μM. Here, the NLR was tested as a tool for early detection of locomotor phenotypes in 36, 48 and 72 hpf mutant zebrafish embryos of the non-touch-responsive maco strain; this assay successfully discriminated mutant embryos from their non-mutant siblings. Then, methylmercury (MeHg was used as a proof-of-concept neurotoxicant to test the effectiveness of the NLR assay as a screening tool in toxicology. The locomotor effects of MeHg were evaluated in 6 dpf wild type eleutheroembryos exposed to waterborne MeHg (0, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.1μM. Afterwards, the NLR assay was tested in 48 hpf embryos subjected to the same MeHg exposure regimes. Embryos exposed to 0.01 and 0.03μM of MeHg exhibited significant increases in locomotion in both scenarios. These findings suggest that similar locomotor phenotypes observed in free swimming fish can be detected as early as 48 hpf, when locomotion is induced with nicotine.

PENERAPAN REKAYASA ULANG ITERATIF PADA SISTEM INFORMASI AKADEMIK FTIF ITS SURABAYA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Siti Rochimah

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 false false false IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Selama penggunaannya, sistem warisan (legacy dapat terjadi banyak aktifitas pemeliharaan (maintenance yang dapat menyebabkan penurunan kualitas sistem. Ketika sistem mengalami penurunan sampai tingkat kritis, sistem warisan perlu direkayasa ulang.Untuk mempertahankan keberadaan dan keberlangsungan sistem perlu dilakukan rekayasa ulang secara bertahap dalam domain aplikasi sistem warisan. Dalam prosesnya, pada sistem warisan dilakukan rekayasa ulang komponen demi komponen baik program maupun data membentuk sistem tujuan yang telah direkayasa ulang. Proses ini berakhir sampai akhirnya sistem warisan habis menjadi sistem tujuan. Metode ini dinamakan Rekayasa Ulang Iteratif. Metode Rekayasa Ulang Iteratif memperhatikan satu hal yang sangat penting dari metode rekayasa ulang lain yaitu memastikan pembagian data dan fungsi antara sistem warisan dan sistem yang telah direkayasa ulang. Selain itu selama proses rekayasa ulang antara komponen warisan dan komponen yang telah direkayasa ulang dapat berjalan bersamaan. Implementasi dari Rekayasa Ulang Iteratif dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pada studi kasus Sistem Informasi Akademik FTIF ITS Surabaya. Hasil dari Rekayasa Ulang Iteratif ini telah dapat menyelesaikan

Sistem Informasi Hotel Modul Front Office Berbasis Web

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

James Kawilarang

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Hotel merupakan fasilitas yang sudah menjadi kebutuhan yang sangat penting bagi masyarakat meliputi kebutuhan traveling antar kota dalam urusan bisnis maupun wisata. Teknologi informasi dalam pengolahan informasi sangatlah diperlukan dalam pengolahan data instansi hotel agar data dapat dikelola dengan baik sehingga membantu pengelola dalam melakukan pengambilan keputusan. Berdasarkan kebutuhan yang mendasar dalam pengolahan data manajerial sebuah hotel yang merupakan pusat bisnis pariwisata Bali, maka terciptalah suatu ide untuk membuat sebuah sistem berbasis web dan terintegrasi dengan perangkat Android. Sistem yang berbasis web dan terintergrasi dengan perangkat Android merupakan sebuah solusi yang tepat untuk mengatasi permasalahan kebutuhan pengolahan data manajerial hotel yang berisfat dinamis dimana sistem informasi berbasis web mudah dikelola serta dapat dirancang dengan antarmuka yang fleksibel. Perkembangan teknologi mobile Android yang kini digunakan hampir oleh semua khalayak pengguna handphone juga merupakan sebuah nilai tambah tersendiri terhadap sistem pengolahan data tesebut, sehingga sistem mampu memberikan mobilitas yang lebih terhadap pengguna. Kata kunci : Teknologi, Sistem Informasi, Hotel, Front Office

Extracorporeal complexing hemodialysis system for the treatment of methylmercury poisoning. II. In vivo applications in the dog

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kostyniak, P.J.; Clarkson, T.W.; Abbasi, A.H.

1977-01-01

An extracorporeal regional complexing hemodialysis procedure is described which has been successfully applied for the enhancement of removal of methylmercury in the dog. The procedure utilizes the extracorporeal addition of cysteine to arterial blood entering a hemodialyzer, forming a large pool of complexed dialyzable methylmercury in plasma. Diffusion of this methylmercury complex across the dialyzer membrane into dialysate accounts for large amounts of methylmercury being removed from the animal. In conjunction with methylmercury removal, the majority of the infused cysteine is also removed resulting in comparatively low systemic doses of cysteine to the animal. At blood flow rates of 45 ml/min, and dialysate flow rates of approximately 550 ml/min, the mean percentage of methylmercury cleared from blood passing through the dialyzer was 39%. Rates of elimination of methylmercury from the dog could be increased by a factor of 100 during the extracorporeal regional complexing hemodialysis procedure. Regional collimated counting of radioactivity along the length of the dog revealed a decline in all areas including the head region. The procedure was void of any noticeable side effects during treatment or as evidence by histological evaluation of liver and kidney after treatment.

Deposition of mercury in forests across a montane elevation gradient: Elevational and seasonal patterns in methylmercury inputs and production

Science.gov (United States)

Gerson, Jacqueline R.; Driscoll, Charles T.; Demers, Jason D.; Sauer, Amy K.; Blackwell, Bradley D.; Montesdeoca, Mario R.; Shanley, James B.; Ross, Donald S.

2017-08-01

Global mercury contamination largely results from direct primary atmospheric and secondary legacy emissions, which can be deposited to ecosystems, converted to methylmercury, and bioaccumulated along food chains. We examined organic horizon soil samples collected across an elevational gradient on Whiteface Mountain in the Adirondack region of New York State, USA to determine spatial patterns in methylmercury concentrations across a forested montane landscape. We found that soil methylmercury concentrations were highest in the midelevation coniferous zone (0.39 ± 0.07 ng/g) compared to the higher elevation alpine zone (0.28 ± 0.04 ng/g) and particularly the lower elevation deciduous zone (0.17 ± 0.02 ng/g), while the percent of total mercury as methylmercury in soils decreased with elevation. We also found a seasonal pattern in soil methylmercury concentrations, with peak methylmercury values occurring in July. Given elevational patterns in temperature and bioavailable total mercury (derived from mineralization of soil organic matter), soil methylmercury concentrations appear to be driven by soil processing of ionic Hg, as opposed to atmospheric deposition of methylmercury. These methylmercury results are consistent with spatial patterns of mercury concentrations in songbird species observed from other studies, suggesting that future declines in mercury emissions could be important for reducing exposure of mercury to montane avian species.

PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM HRM TERINTEGRASI DENGAN PENDEKATAN ERP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christine Regilia Suwu

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Human Resources Management merupakan salah satu instrumen yang penting bagi perusahaan dalam pencapaian tujuannya. Penggunaan sistem informasi yang terintegrasi merupakan salah satu unsur penting untuk mengelola bisnis proses dalam manajemen perusahaan. ERP merupakan sistem informasi terintegrasi yang dimaksud dalam upaya peningkatan kualitas perusahaan. Khususnya untuk perusahaan distributor, pengelolaan proses bisnis secara konvensional dapat berpengaruh pada kualitas performa dari perusahaan itu sendiri. Berfokus pada HRM perusahaan distributor, penelitian membahas mengenai implementasi bisnis proses human resource management menggunakan software ERP yaitu Odoo. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menganalisa bisnis proses yang ada kemudian merancang sistem usulan yang terintegrasi lalu diimplementasikan ke dalam Odoo. Pemodelan sistem dirancang untuk mengoptimalkan pengelolaan data yang masih diproses secara konvensional. Optimalisasi dalam setiap proses bisnis meningkatkan kualitas keamanan dengan adanya pengaturan hak akses user dan keakuratan data yang didapat dengan transaksi data yang real time, serta efisiensi waktu yaitu memperkecil durasi waktu yang diperlukan untuk pencatatan dan penyimpanan dokumen dibanding secara manual. Kata Kunci: Sistem Informasi, Human Resources Management, ERP, Bussines Process Management

Permasalahan Implementasi Sistem Informasi Di Perguruan Tinggi Swasta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohamad Ali Murtadho

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Efektivitas implementasi sistem informasi dalam proses manajemen kelembagaan sering terhambat oleh banyak faktor. Sehingga mengakibatkan transformasi business process yang diharapkan dengan sistem informasi berakselerasi dengan cepat justru mengalami kemandekan. Pada penelitian ini mengkaji permasalahan dalam impelementasi sistem informasi di perguruan tinggi swasta. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat masalah yang sifatnya teknis dan non-teknis. Masalah teknis, diantaranya adalah internet, infrastruktur jaringan, perangkat komputer dan pendukungnya, keamanan sistem, integrasi sistem, ketersediaan sistem, dan pemeliharaan Teknologi Informasi (TI. Sedangkan masalah non-teknis dalam implementasi sistem informasi di perguruan tinggi swasta, yaitu penerimaan dan partisipasi, budaya dan perilaku, sumber daya manusia, perencanaan, manajemen dan tatakelola TI, organisasi, konten sistem informasi, anggaran dan biaya, serta dukungan pimpinan dan karakter kepemimpinan. Kata kunci: sistem informasi, masalah teknis, masalah non-teknis. Abstract The effectiveness of the implementation of information systems in the process of institutional management is often hampered by many factors. Resulting in business process transformation that is expected to accelerate quickly information systems precisely to stagnate. In this research study the problems in the implementation of information systems in private colleges. From the results of this study indicate that there are problems that are both technical and non-technical. Technical problems, which are internet, network infrastructure, computers and supporters, security systems, system integration, system availability, and Information Technology (IT maintenance. While the non-technical issues in the implementation of information systems in private colleges, namely acceptance and participation, culture and behavior, human resources, planning, management and governance of IT, organizations

Validation of a method to determine methylmercury in fish tissues using gas chromatography

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vega Bolannos, Luisa O.; Arias Verdes, Jose A.; Beltran Llerandi, Gilberto; Castro Diaz, Odalys; Moreno Tellez, Olga L.

2000-01-01

We validated a method to determine methylmercury in fish tissues using gas chromatography with an electron capture detector as described by the Association of Official Analytical Chemist (AOAC) International. The linear curve range was 0.02 to 1 g/ml and linear correlation coefficient was 0.9979. A 1 mg/kg methylmercury-contaminated fish sample was analyzed 20 times to determine repeatability of the method. The quantification limit was 0.16 mg/kg and detection limit was 0.06 ppm. Fish samples contaminated with 0.2 to 10 mg/kg methylmercury showed recovery indexes from 94.66 to 108.8%

Sistem Informasi Manajamen Perangkat Elektronik Berbasis Web

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Budi Sunaryo

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Smarthome merupakan salah satu implementasi konsep Internet of Things (IoT yang memungkinkan untuk mengontrol dan memonitoring perangkat elektronik melalui jaringan internet. Pada penelitian ini dirancang sebuah sistem smarthome yang mendukung sinkronisasi pengontrolan hidup dan matinya perangkat elektronik melalui switch, aplikasi web dan time scheduling dengan database. Untuk mendukung sistem tersebut digunakan beberapa tools pendukung seperti Apache, MySQL, dan PHP serta hardware berupa arduino dan raspberry pi.  Sementara itu, metode pemodelan agile dengan pendekatan scrum digunakan dalam perancangan sistem ini. Penelitian ini diimplementasikan dalam sebuah Sistem Informasi Manajemen Perangkat Elektronik berbasis web yang bernama SIMPEL. Aplikasi SIMPEL memberikan kemudahan dalam mengendalikan perangkat elektronik yang ada di rumah.

SISTEM INFORMASI RENSTRA DAN RENOP JURUSAN TEKNIK ELEKTRO POLITEKNIK NEGERI SEMARANG

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alifia Choirunnisa

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Setiap jurusan di Politeknik Negeri Semarang mempunyai Rencana Strategi (Renstra dan Rencana Operasional (Renop untuk mengelola dan memantau perkembangan jurusannya masing-masing. Salah satu jurusannya yaitu jurusan Teknik Elektro. Dalam pengelolaan data perencanaan strategi dan operasional jurusan Teknik Elektro masih dilakukan secara manual. Dengan memanfaatkan teknologi sistem informasi, Sistem Informasi Renstra dan Renop Jurusan Teknik Elektro Berbasis Web mengubah sistem pengelolaan dari manual menjadi berbasis teknologi sistem informasi yang lebih efisien dan efektif. Tujuan dari pembuatan sistem informasi ini adalah untuk menghasilkan sebuah Sistem Informasi Renstra dan Renop Jurusan Teknik Elektro Berbasis Web serta membantu dan memberikan kemudahan dalam pengelolaan informasi Renstra dan Renop. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metodologi waterfall, dimana dalam metodologi ini setiap langkah penelitian dilakukan secara berurutan, mulai dari tahapan Analisis Kebutuhan, Desain Sistem, Implementasi dan Pengujian Unit, Integrasi dan Pengujian Sistem, serta Operasi dan Pemeliharaan. Perancangan sistem menggunakan model Data Flow Diagram (DFD. Pembangunan sistem menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan framework codeigniter serta database MySQL. Pengujian sistem menggunakan metode pengujian setiap unit fungsi dari masing-masing fitur. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu sebuah sistem informasi yang dapat membantu ketua jurusan, sekretaris jurusan, maupun ketua program studi dalam mengelola Renstra dan Renop. Sistem ini telah di uji coba dengan hasil tingkat kepuasan pengguna sebesar 81,2%.

Chemopreventive effect of natural dietary compounds on xenobiotic-induced toxicity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jia-Ching Wu

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Contaminants (or pollutants that affect human health have become an important issue, spawning a myriad of studies on how to prevent harmful contaminant-induced effects. Recently, a variety of biological functions of natural dietary compounds derived from consumed foods and plants have been demonstrated in a number of studies. Natural dietary compounds exhibited several beneficial effects for the prevention of disease and the inhibition of chemically-induced carcinogenesis. Contaminant-induced toxicity and carcinogenesis are mostly attributed to the mutagenic activity of reactive metabolites and the disruption of normal biological functions. Therefore, the metabolic regulation of hazardous chemicals is key to reducing contaminant-induced adverse health effects. Moreover, promoting contaminant excretion from the body through Phase I and II metabolizing enzymes is also a useful strategy for reducing contaminant-induced toxicity. This review focuses on summarizing the natural dietary compounds derived from common dietary foods and plants and their possible mechanisms of action in the prevention/suppression of contaminant-induced toxicity.

Reservoir stratification affects methylmercury levels in river water, plankton, and fish downstream from Balbina hydroelectric dam, Amazonas, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Kasper, Daniele; Forsberg, Bruce R; Amaral, João H F; Leitão, Rafael P; Py-Daniel, Sarah S; Bastos, Wanderley R; Malm, Olaf

2014-01-21

The river downstream from a dam can be more contaminated by mercury than the reservoir itself. However, it is not clear how far the contamination occurs downstream. We investigated the seasonal variation of methylmercury levels in the Balbina reservoir and how they correlated with the levels encountered downstream from the dam. Water, plankton, and fishes were collected upstream and at sites between 0.5 and 250 km downstream from the dam during four expeditions in 2011 and 2012. Variations in thermal stratification of the reservoir influenced the methylmercury levels in the reservoir and in the river downstream. Uniform depth distributions of methylmercury and oxygen encountered in the poorly stratified reservoir during the rainy season collections coincided with uniformly low methylmercury levels along the river downstream from the dam. During dry season collections, the reservoir was strongly stratified, and anoxic hypolimnion water with high methylmercury levels was exported downstream. Methylmercury levels declined gradually to 200 km downstream. In general, the methylmercury levels in plankton and fishes downstream from the dam were higher than those upstream. Higher methylmercury levels observed 200-250 km downstream from the dam during flooding season campaigns may reflect the greater inflow from tributaries and flooding of natural wetlands that occurred at this time.

MODEL SISTEM PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA TERPADU DENGAN BATERAI TERHUBUNG JARINGAN LISTRIK

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Subiyanto Subiyanto

2014-02-01

Full Text Available Pemanfaatan energi matahari sebagai energi bersih dan terbarukan melalui sistem pembangkitan listrik tenaga surya terkoneksi dengan jaringan listrik umum (PLTSTJL misalnya Perusahaan Listrik Negara telah menjadi perhatian yang besar bagi para peneliti sebelumnya. Perkembangan terbaru sistem PLTSTJL ini adalah dipadu dengan sistem penyimpan energi untuk menjaga stabilitas dan keandalan sistem tenaga listrik. Paper ini menyajikan model PLTSTJL yang lebih stabil, efektif, murah dan handal daripada sistem yang telah ada yang mendukung kawasan lingkungan konservasi. Metode yang dipakai dalam paper ini adalah melakukan tinjauan pustaka untuk mempelajari dan mengetahui perkembangan sistem yang ada. Langkah berikutnya adalah melakukan desain, pemodelan, simulasi dan analisis topologi yang optimal untuk sistem PLTSTJL terpadu dengan sistem penyimpan energi barupa baterai. Pengubah daya antara baterai dan jaringan listrik adalah sistem 2 arah Selanjutnya mengembangan suatu koordinasi strategi pengendalian yang baru berbasis sistem cerdas yaitu fuzzy logic controller (FLC dalam sistem PLTSTJL tersebut Unjuk kerja sistem yang dikembangkan dibandingan dengan model-model yang telah ada.

Oral bioaccessibility of toxic and essential elements in raw and cooked commercial seafood species available in European markets

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Alves, Ricardo N.; Maulvault, Ana L.; Barbosa, Vera L.; Fernandez-Tejedor, Margarita; Tediosi, Alice; Kotterman, Michiel; Heuvel, van den Fredericus H.M.; Robbens, Johan; Fernandes, José O.; Romme Rasmussen, Rie; Sloth, Jens J.; Marques, António

2017-01-01

The oral bioaccessibility of several essential and toxic elements was investigated in raw and cooked commercially available seafood species from European markets. Bioaccessibility varied between seafood species and elements. Methylmercury bioaccessibility varied between 10 (octopus) and 60%

Methylmercury biomagnification in an Arctic pelagic food web.

Science.gov (United States)

Ruus, Anders; Øverjordet, Ida B; Braaten, Hans Fredrik V; Evenset, Anita; Christensen, Guttorm; Heimstad, Eldbjørg S; Gabrielsen, Geir W; Borgå, Katrine

2015-11-01

Mercury (Hg) is a toxic element that enters the biosphere from natural and anthropogenic sources, and emitted gaseous Hg enters the Arctic from lower latitudes by long-range transport. In aquatic systems, anoxic conditions favor the bacterial transformation of inorganic Hg to methylmercury (MeHg), which has a greater potential for bioaccumulation than inorganic Hg and is the most toxic form of Hg. The main objective of the present study was to quantify the biomagnification of MeHg in a marine pelagic food web, comprising species of zooplankton, fish, and seabirds, from the Kongsfjorden system (Svalbard, Norway), by use of trophic magnification factors. As expected, tissue concentrations of MeHg increased with increasing trophic level in the food web, though at greater rates than observed in several earlier studies, especially at lower latitudes. There was strong correlation between MeHg and total Hg concentrations through the food web as a whole. The concentration of MeHg in kittiwake decreased from May to October, contributing to seasonal differences in trophic magnification factors. The ecology and physiology of the species comprising the food web in question may have a large influence on the magnitude of the biomagnification. A significant linear relationship was also observed between concentrations of selenium and total Hg in birds but not in zooplankton, suggesting the importance of selenium in Hg detoxification for individuals with high Hg concentrations. © 2015 SETAC.

Albendazole Induced Recurrent Acute Toxic Hepatitis: A Case Report.

Science.gov (United States)

Bilgic, Yilmaz; Yilmaz, Cengiz; Cagin, Yasir Furkan; Atayan, Yahya; Karadag, Nese; Harputluoglu, Murat Muhsin Muhip

2017-01-01

Drug induced acute toxic hepatitis can be idiosyncratic. Albendazole, a widely used broad spectrum antiparasitic drug is generally accepted as a safe drug. It may cause asymptomatic transient liver enzyme abnormalities but acute toxic hepatitis is very rare. Case Report : Herein, we present the case of 47 year old woman with recurrent acute toxic hepatitis after a single intake of albendazole in 2010 and 2014. The patient was presented with symptoms and findings of anorexia, vomiting and jaundice. For diagnosis, other acute hepatitis etiologies were excluded. Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) score was calculated and found to be 10, which meant highly probable drug hepatotoxicity. Within 2 months, all pathological findings came to normal. There are a few reported cases of albendazole induced toxic hepatitis, but at adults, there is no known recurrent acute toxic hepatitis due to albendazole at this certainty according to RUCAM score. Physicians should be aware of this rare and potentially fatal adverse effect of albendazole. © Acta Gastro-Enterologica Belgica.

Perancangan Sistem Informasi Lokasi Lembaga Bimbingan Belajar di Kota Padang

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yudhi Hartadi

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Lembaga bimbingan belajar (Bimbel merupakan sebuah lembaga non formal yang melayani pendidikan siswa yang dilakukan di luar jam sekolah. Saat ini, bimbel telah menjadi suatu kebutuhan pagi para siswa, khususnya siswa yang akan melanjutkan studinya ke perguruan tinggi. Di Kota Padang terdapat  lebih dari 50 lembaga bimbel untuk tingkat SMA  yang tersebar di sejumlah kecamatan.  Banyaknya lembaga bimbel yang ada secara tidak langsung mengakibatkan masyarakat kesulitan untuk mendapatkan informasi lokasi lembaga bimbel tersebut, khususnya bagi para pendatang baru. Untuk itu, perlu dibangun Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG lokasi lembaga bimbel di Kota Padang berbasis web. SIG ini dibangun dengan menggunakan metode waterfall. Pembangunan SIG ini diawali dengan melakukan analisis kebutuhan, perancangan sistem, serta implementasi dan pengujian sistem. Analisis kebutuhan dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan data-data yang diperlukan dalam membangun sistem. Perancangan sistem meliputi perancangan arsitektur, basis data, dan perancangan user interface. Implementasi sistem menggunakan basis data PostgreSQL dengan ekstensi PostGIS, serta bahasa pemrograman PHP dan Javascript. Pengujian sistem dilakukan dengan metode black-box yang berfokus pada fungsional sistem. Hasil dari pengujian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa SIG lokasi lembaga bimbel di Kota Padang berbasis web telah sesuai dengan kebutuhan fungsional sistem.

Deposition of mercury in forests across a montane elevation gradient: Elevational and seasonal patterns in methylmercury inputs and production

Science.gov (United States)

Gerson, Jacqueline R.; Driscoll, Charles T.; Demers, Jason D.; Sauer, Amy K.; Blackwell, Bradley D.; Montesdeoca, Mario R.; Shanley, James B.; Ross, Donald S.

2017-01-01

Global mercury contamination largely results from direct primary atmospheric and secondary legacy emissions, which can be deposited to ecosystems, converted to methylmercury, and bioaccumulated along food chains. We examined organic horizon soil samples collected across an elevational gradient on Whiteface Mountain in the Adirondack region of New York State, USA to determine spatial patterns in methylmercury concentrations across a forested montane landscape. We found that soil methylmercury concentrations were highest in the midelevation coniferous zone (0.39 ± 0.07 ng/g) compared to the higher elevation alpine zone (0.28 ± 0.04 ng/g) and particularly the lower elevation deciduous zone (0.17 ± 0.02 ng/g), while the percent of total mercury as methylmercury in soils decreased with elevation. We also found a seasonal pattern in soil methylmercury concentrations, with peak methylmercury values occurring in July. Given elevational patterns in temperature and bioavailable total mercury (derived from mineralization of soil organic matter), soil methylmercury concentrations appear to be driven by soil processing of ionic Hg, as opposed to atmospheric deposition of methylmercury. These methylmercury results are consistent with spatial patterns of mercury concentrations in songbird species observed from other studies, suggesting that future declines in mercury emissions could be important for reducing exposure of mercury to montane avian species.

Diphenyl diselenide protects against methylmercury-induced inhibition of thioredoxin reductase and glutathione peroxidase in human neuroblastoma cells: a comparison with ebselen.

Science.gov (United States)

Meinerz, Daiane F; Branco, Vasco; Aschner, Michael; Carvalho, Cristina; Rocha, João Batista T

2017-09-01

Exposure to methylmercury (MeHg), an important environmental toxicant, may lead to serious health risks, damaging various organs and predominantly affecting the brain function. The toxicity of MeHg can be related to the inhibition of important selenoenzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). Experimental studies have shown that selenocompounds play an important role as cellular detoxifiers and protective agents against the harmful effects of mercury. The present study investigated the mechanisms by which diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe) 2 ] and ebselen interfered with the interaction of mercury (MeHg) and selenoenzymes (TrxR and GPx) in an in vitro experimental model of cultured human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y). Our results established that (PhSe) 2 and ebselen increased the activity and expression of TrxR. In contrast, MeHg inhibited TrxR activity even at low doses (0.5 μm). Coexposure to selenocompounds and MeHg showed a protective effect of (PhSe) 2 on both the activity and expression of TrxR. When selenoenzyme GPx was evaluated, selenocompounds did not alter its activity or expression significantly, whereas MeHg inhibited the activity of GPx (from 1 μm). Among the selenocompounds only (PhSe) 2 significantly protected against the effects of MeHg on GPx activity. Taken together, these results indicate a potential use for ebselen and (PhSe) 2 against MeHg toxicity. Furthermore, for the first time, we have demonstrated that (PhSe) 2 caused a more pronounced upregulation of TrxR than ebselen in neuroblastoma cells, likely reflecting an important molecular mechanism involved in the antioxidant properties of this compound. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Modulation of methylmercury uptake by methionine: Prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction in rat liver slices by a mimicry mechanism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roos, Daniel Henrique; Puntel, Robson Luiz; Farina, Marcelo; Aschner, Michael; Bohrer, Denise; Rocha, Joao Batista T.; Vargas Barbosa, Nilda B. de

2011-01-01

Methylmercury (MeHg) is an ubiquitous environmental pollutant which is transported into the mammalian cells when present as the methylmercury-cysteine conjugate (MeHg-Cys). With special emphasis on hepatic cells, due to their particular propensity to accumulate an appreciable amount of Hg after exposure to MeHg, this study was performed to evaluate the effects of methionine (Met) on Hg uptake, reactive species (RS) formation, oxygen consumption and mitochondrial function/cellular viability in both liver slices and mitochondria isolated from these slices, after exposure to MeHg or the MeHg-Cys complex. The liver slices were pre-treated with Met (250 μM) 15 min before being exposed to MeHg (25 μM) or MeHg-Cys (25 μM each) for 30 min at 37 o C. The treatment with MeHg caused a significant increase in the Hg concentration in both liver slices and mitochondria isolated from liver slices. Moreover, the Hg uptake was higher in the group exposed to the MeHg-Cys complex. In the DCF (dichlorofluorescein) assay, the exposure to MeHg and MeHg-Cys produced a significant increase in DFC reactive species (DFC-RS) formation only in the mitochondria isolated from liver slices. As observed with Hg uptake, DFC-RS levels were significantly higher in the mitochondria treated with the MeHg-Cys complex compared to MeHg alone. MeHg exposure also caused a marked decrease in the oxygen consumption of liver slices when compared to the control group, and this effect was more pronounced in the liver slices treated with the MeHg-Cys complex. Similarly, the loss of mitochondrial activity/cell viability was greater in liver slices exposed to the MeHg-Cys complex when compared to slices treated only with MeHg. In all studied parameters, Met pre-treatment was effective in preventing the MeHg- and/or MeHg-Cys-induced toxicity in both liver slices and mitochondria. Part of the protection afforded by Met against MeHg may be related to a direct interaction with MeHg or to the competition of Met with

Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Tanaman Obat Tradisional Berbasis Android

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ni Komang Surya Cahyani Putri

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Makalah ini membahas mengenai hubungan client-server yang terjadi pada Sistem Informasi Tanaman Obat Tradisional. Sistem informasi tanaman obat tradisional dibuat berbasis Android, untuk memudahkan masyarakat mengakses informasi dengan menggunakan mobile phone. aplikasi ini menggunakan database server, dimana hanya admin yang dapat mengakses dan melakukan edit, hapus dan update data pada database server. Aplikasi client dibangun pada perangkat mobile dengan sistem operasi Android. Aplikasi client hanya dapat mengakses informasi yang sudah disediakan oleh admin, dimana admin merupakan entitas yang bertugas untuk mengelola data master. Sisi server dibangun dengan basis web. Server memegang peranan khusus untuk mengelola data master pada basis data sistem. Hubungan client-server yang terjadi pada sistem menjaga data yang ada pada basis data sistem baik pada client maupun server tetap sinkron.   Kata kunci: Client-server, Tanaman Obat Tradisional, Sistem Informasi, Android.

Abacavir-induced liver toxicity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Diletta Pezzani

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Abacavir-induced liver toxicity is a rare event almost exclusively occurring in HLA B*5701-positive patients. Herein, we report one case of abnormal liver function tests occurring in a young HLA B*5701-negative woman on a stable nevirapine-based regimen with no history of liver problems or alcohol abuse after switching to abacavir from tenofovir. We also investigated the reasons for abacavir discontinuation in a cohort of patients treated with abacavir-lamivudine-nevirapine.

Doxorubicin-Induced Gut Toxicity in Piglets fed Bovine Milk and Colostrum

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Shen, René Liang; Rathe, Mathias; Jiang, Pingping

2016-01-01

OBJECTIVE: Chemotherapy-induced intestinal toxicity is a common adverse effect of cancer treatment. We hypothesized that a milk diet containing bovine colostrum (BC) would reduce intestinal toxicity in doxorubicin-treated piglets. METHODS: Study 1 investigated intestinal parameters nine days after...... Colostrum supplementation had limited effects on doxorubicin-induced toxicity in milk-fed piglets suggesting that colostrum and a bovine milk diet enriched with whey protein provided similar...

Surat Elektronik sebagai Media Komunikasi Data pada Sistem Pemantauan Bahan Bakar pada Sistem Catu Daya BTS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Falconi Falconi

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Base Transceiver Station (BTS merupakan seperangkat radio komunikasi tetap yang digunakan dalam jaringan selular. Untuk mempertahankan kinerja perangkat BTS agar tetap dapat bekerja walaupun suplai catu daya dari PLN terhenti, pada beberapa lokasi BTS ditempatkan pembangkit listrik tenaga solar. Sehingga pada saat PLN mati, maka kebutuhan listrik BTS akan disuplai oleh pembangkit listrik tersebut. Karena lokasi BTS menyebar, diperlukan petugas yang banyak atau waktu yang lama untuk dapat melakukan pengecekan kondisi solar secara keseluruhan. Sehingga sewaktu-waktu pembangkit listrik tidak dapat bekerja saat  dibutuhkan  dikarenakan  solar  habis.  Sistem  pemantau kondisi solar pada sistem catu daya Base Transceiver Station (BTS merupakan sebuah sistem pemantau yang berfungsi melakukan pencatatan ketinggian level solar pada tangki secara periodik dan terus menerus. Ketinggian level solar dikonversi kedalam status normal, minor, mayor dan kritis. Status inilah yang akan disimpan ke dalam basis data yang ada pada computer server. Dengan adanya sistem pemantau ini, maka untuk mengetahui kondisi solar pada tangki sebuah stasiun BTS, seorang petugas pemeliharaana dapat melakukannya tanpa perlu lagi mendatangi lokasi BTS, tetapi cukup memantaunya dari aplikasi pada komputer klien. Sistem yang dibangun terdiri dari sensor ultrasonik PING yang bertugas mendeteksi level solar dan mengumpankan hasilnya ke mikrokontroler ATMEGA8535. Mikrokontroler bertugas untuk mengkonversi sinyal analog yang dihasilkan sensor kedalam bentuk sinyal digital untuk kemudian dikirim ke komputer server melalui komunikasi serial. Aplikasi yang ada pada komputer server akan menerima data tersebut dan menyimpannya pada basis data. Data-data tersebut sewaktu-waktu akan dipanggil kembali apabila ada permintaan dari komputer klien untuk kemudian di kirim melaui surat elektronik. Dari hasil pengujian yang dilakukan pada tangki solar yang dimiliki oleh PT. Berca Hardayaperkasa

Sistem Informasi Wisata Kuliner di Kota Semarang Berbasis Web

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chaerunissa Ariwardhani

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Kemajuan teknologi informasi dewasa ini memicu pertumbuhan jumlah para pengguna internet. Dalam dunia bisnis, peranan teknologi menjadi hal yang sangat utama, dan bisa dikatakan sudah menjadi kebutuhan primer bagi usahawan pada masa ini. Demikian halnya tentang kuliner yang telah memanfaatkan jaringan internet untuk menyajikan berbagai informasi baik dari informasi tempat, rasa, penyajian dan harga  dalam bidang teknologi informasi. Namun untuk informasi kuliner di Semarang dalam sebuah site, sementara ini masih kurang lengkap dan belum ada site yang menkhususkan wisata kuliner di Semarang. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan sebuah perancangan aplikasi sistem informasi wisata kuliner Kota Semarang berbasis web untuk memudahkan masyarakat dalam menemukan ragam kuliner yang ada di Kota Semarang . Desain dan implementasi akan diawali dengan analisa kebutuhan sistem atau dikenal dengan istilah system requirements analysis. Hal ini ditujukan untuk mendapatkan spesifikasi sistem yang sesuai. Dalam tahapan desain, Data Flow Diagram digunakan untuk penggambaran proses bisnis dengan jelas. Sementara itu, Entity Relationship Diagram digunakan untuk merepresentasikan data dalam sistem secara logis. Hasil dari tahapan desain kemudian diimplementasikan dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan menggunakan sistem basis data MySQL serta penggunaan Javascript untuk menghasilkan sistem informasi berbasis web yang lebih dinamis Tools yang digunakan adalah software Adobe Dreamweaver CS6, XAMPP. Hasil pengujian Sistem Informasi Wisata Kuliner di Kota Semarang Berbasis Web menunjukkan bahwa semua fitur yang terdapat dalam aplikasi dapat bekerja dengan baik seperti mengelola data kuliner, mengelola data admin, mengelola data member dan mengelola komentar yang masuk. Menggunakan permodelan sistem Entity Relationship Diagram. Sistem informasi ini memiliki user pada sistem sebanyak lima yaitu admin, member aktif, member pasif, member premium dan pengunjung.

Kreativitas Desain Kuliner dan Sistem Inovasi Lokal

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Yasraf Amir Pialang

2016-02-01

ABSTRAK   Pengembangan kreativitas pada sebuah kelompok, kelas sosial atau komunitas sangat ditentukan oleh modal yang diinvestasikan dalam ranah kreativitas: ekonomi, budaya, sim- bolik dan sosial. Penelitian ini adalah upaya untuk memahami kreativitas sebagai bagian dari ranah khusus sosial-budaya, yaitu ‘ranah kreativitas’. Dengan menggunakan metode etnografi, penelitian ini adalah upaya untuk menganalisis relasi antara ide-ide kreatif dan konteks sosial-budaya di mana ide-ide itu diproduksi. Melalui penelitian lapangan yang intensif terhadap komunitas kreatif lokal, penelitian ini menyimpulkan, bahwa produksi ide-ide kreatif sangat ditentukan oleh kelengkapan sub-sub ranah yang membangun ranah kreatif: ekspresi, produksi, diseminasi dan apresiasi. Berdasarkan ranah-ranah kreatif ini, tiga model sistem inovasi dapat diajukan: sistem terbuka, sistem liminal dan sistem tertu- tup.   Kata kunci: ide kreatif, ranah, inovasi, modal

Radionuclides in the investigation of the circulation of toxic metals in the environment

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stary, J.; Zeman, A.; Kratzer, K.; Prasilova, J.

1982-01-01

Radionuclides of chromium(III) and (VI), zinc, cadmium, inorganic mercury(II), methylmercury and phenylmercury were used for the investigation of the cumulation of these toxic elements or compounds in algae and fish in different experimental conditions in order to describe quantitatively the processes occurring in nature. Cumulation factors of different chemical forms of elements studied were determined for algae as were biological half-times for fish which allowed the calculation of the maximum concentration of toxic elements in fish. (author)

Methylmercury Exposure and Health Effects from Rice and Fish Consumption: A Review

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Ping Li

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Methylmercury (MeHg is highly toxic, and its principal target tissue in humans is the nervous system, which has made MeHg intoxication a public health concern for many decades. The general population is primarily exposed to MeHg through consumption of contaminated fish and marine mammals, but recent studies have reported high levels of MeHg in rice and confirmed that in China the main human exposure to MeHg is related to frequent rice consumption in mercury (Hg polluted areas. This article reviews the progress in the research on MeHg accumulation in rice, human exposure and health effects, and nutrient and co-contaminant interactions. Compared with fish, rice is of poor nutritional quality and lacks specific micronutrients identified as having health benefits (e.g., n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, selenium, essential amino acids. The effects of these nutrients on the toxicity of MeHg should be better addressed in future epidemiologic and clinical studies. More emphasis should be given to assessing the health effects of low level MeHg exposure in the long term, with appropriate recommendations, as needed, to reduce MeHg exposure in the rice-eating population.

Mercury and methylmercury concentrations and loads in the Cache Creek watershed, California

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Domagalski, Joseph L.; Alpers, Charles N.; Slotton, Darell G.; Suchanek, Thomas H.; Ayers, Shaun M

2004-07-05

Concentrations and loads of total mercury and methylmercury were measured in streams draining abandoned mercury mines and in the proximity of geothermal discharge in the Cache Creek watershed of California during a 17-month period from January 2000 through May 2001. Rainfall and runoff were lower than long-term averages during the study period. The greatest loading of mercury and methylmercury from upstream sources to downstream receiving waters, such as San Francisco Bay, generally occurred during or after winter rainfall events. During the study period, loads of mercury and methylmercury from geothermal sources tended to be greater than those from abandoned mining areas, a pattern attributable to the lack of large precipitation events capable of mobilizing significant amounts of either mercury-laden sediment or dissolved mercury and methylmercury from mine waste. Streambed sediments of Cache Creek are a significant source of mercury and methylmercury to downstream receiving bodies of water. Much of the mercury in these sediments is the result of deposition over the last 100-150 years by either storm-water runoff, from abandoned mines, or continuous discharges from geothermal areas. Several geochemical constituents were useful as natural tracers for mining and geothermal areas, including the aqueous concentrations of boron, chloride, lithium and sulfate, and the stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in water. Stable isotopes of water in areas draining geothermal discharges showed a distinct trend toward enrichment of {sup 18}O compared with meteoric waters, whereas much of the runoff from abandoned mines indicated a stable isotopic pattern more consistent with local meteoric water.

Mercury and methylmercury concentrations and loads in the Cache Creek watershed, California

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Domagalski, Joseph L.; Alpers, Charles N.; Slotton, Darell G.; Suchanek, Thomas H.; Ayers, Shaun M.

2004-01-01

Concentrations and loads of total mercury and methylmercury were measured in streams draining abandoned mercury mines and in the proximity of geothermal discharge in the Cache Creek watershed of California during a 17-month period from January 2000 through May 2001. Rainfall and runoff were lower than long-term averages during the study period. The greatest loading of mercury and methylmercury from upstream sources to downstream receiving waters, such as San Francisco Bay, generally occurred during or after winter rainfall events. During the study period, loads of mercury and methylmercury from geothermal sources tended to be greater than those from abandoned mining areas, a pattern attributable to the lack of large precipitation events capable of mobilizing significant amounts of either mercury-laden sediment or dissolved mercury and methylmercury from mine waste. Streambed sediments of Cache Creek are a significant source of mercury and methylmercury to downstream receiving bodies of water. Much of the mercury in these sediments is the result of deposition over the last 100-150 years by either storm-water runoff, from abandoned mines, or continuous discharges from geothermal areas. Several geochemical constituents were useful as natural tracers for mining and geothermal areas, including the aqueous concentrations of boron, chloride, lithium and sulfate, and the stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in water. Stable isotopes of water in areas draining geothermal discharges showed a distinct trend toward enrichment of 18 O compared with meteoric waters, whereas much of the runoff from abandoned mines indicated a stable isotopic pattern more consistent with local meteoric water

SISTEM INFORMASI KEPENDUDUKAN BERBASIS CLIENT SERVER DI KELURAHAN BOBOSAN PURWOKERTO

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Agustin Citra Dwicahya

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Sistem informasi kependudukan merupakan pendataan mengenai kependudukan di kelurahan. Permasalahan pada penelitian ini adalah pendataan kependudukan di kelurahan Bobosan masih kurang optimal dan kurangnya efisien waktu, dengan menggunakan teknologi sistem informasi maka kesalahan dalam pendataan kependudukan dapat diminimalisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat dan merancang sistem informasi kependudukan dengan client server untuk membantu mengolah data infomasi yang akurat di kelurahan Bobosan.Tahapan penelitian ini dalam pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara, metode observasi, metode studi pustaka dan metode dokumentasi. Pengembangan sistem menggunakan metode waterfall. Metode waterfallmerupakan metodelogi klasik yang digunakan untuk mengembangkan, memelihara dan menggunakan sistem informasi. Hasil penelitian ini berupa aplikasi sistem informasi kependudukan berbasis client server dengan menggunakan Visual Studio 2008 dan SQL Server 2008 yang dapat diakses melalui jaringan LAN (Local Area Network.

Long term neurocognitive impact of low dose prenatal methylmercury exposure in Hong Kong.

Science.gov (United States)

Lam, Hugh Simon; Kwok, Ka Ming; Chan, Peggy Hiu Ying; So, Hung Kwan; Li, Albert Martin; Ng, Pak Cheung; Fok, Tai Fai

2013-04-01

International studies suggest that low dose prenatal methylmercury exposure (>29 nmol/L) has long-term adverse neurocognitive effects. There is evidence that the majority of children in Hong Kong exceed this level as a result of high fish consumption of mothers during pregnancy. To study whether there are any associations between low-dose prenatal methylmercury exposure and neurocognitive outcomes in Hong Kong children. All 1057 children from the original birth cohort were eligible for entry into the study, except children with conditions that would affect neurocognitive development, but were unrelated to methylmercury exposure. Subjects were assessed by a wide panel of tests covering a broad range of neurocognitive functions: Hong Kong Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (HK-WISC), Hong Kong List Learning Test (HKLLT), Tests of Everyday Attention for Children (TEACH), Boston Naming Test, and Grooved Pegboard Test. 608 subjects were recruited (median age 8.2 years, IQR 7.3, 8.8; 53.9% boys). After correction by confounders including child age and sex, multivariate analysis showed that cord blood mercury concentration was significantly associated with three subtests: Picture Arrangement of HK-WISC (coefficient -0.944, P=0.049) and Short and Long Delay Recall Difference of the HKLLT (coefficient -1.087, P=0.007 and coefficient -1.161, P=0.005, respectively), i.e., performance worsened with increasing prenatal methylmercury exposure in these subtests. Small, but statistically significant adverse associations between prenatal methylmercury exposure and long-term neurocognitive effects (a visual sequencing task and retention ability of verbal memory) were found in our study. These effects are compatible with findings of studies with higher prenatal methylmercury exposure levels and suggest that safe strategies to further reduce exposure levels in Hong Kong are desirable. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Implementasi Algoritma Particle Swarm untuk Menyelesaikan Sistem Persamaan Nonlinear

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Ardiana Rosita

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Penyelesaian sistem persamaan nonlinear merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang sulit pada komputasi numerik dan berbagai aplikasi teknik. Beberapa metode telah dikembangkan untuk menyelesaikan sistem persamaan ini dan metode Newton merupakan metode yang paling sering digunakan. Namun metode ini memerlukan perkiraan solusi awal dan memilih perkiraan solusi awal yang baik untuk sebagian besar sistem persamaan nonlinear tidaklah mudah. Pada makalah ini, algoritma Particle Swarm yang diusulkan oleh Jaberipour dan kawan-kawan[1] diimplementasikan. Algoritma ini merupakan pengembangan dari algoritma Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO. Algoritma ini meyelesaikan sistem persamaan nonlinear yang sebelumnya telah diubah menjadi permasalahan optimasi. Uji coba dilakukan terhadap beberapa fungsi dan sistem persamaan nonlinear untuk menguji kinerja dan efisiensi algoritma. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba, beberapa fungsi dan sistem persamaan nonlinear telah konvergen pada iterasi ke 10 sampai 20 dan terdapat fungsi yang konvergen pada iterasi ke 200. Selain itu, solusi yang dihasilkan algoritma Particle Swarm mendekati solusi eksak.

Milk diets influence doxorubicin-induced intestinal toxicity in piglets

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Shen, R. L.; Pontoppidan, P. E.; Rathe, M.

2016-01-01

IL-8 levels compared with DOX-Form (all P diet. Thus a single dose of DOX induces intestinal toxicity in preweaned pigs...... and may lead to a systemic inflammatory response. The toxicity is affected by type of enteral nutrition with more pronounced GI toxicity when formula is fed compared with bovine colostrum. The results indicate that bovine colostrum may be a beneficial supplementary diet for children subjected...

Behavioral effects of developmental methylmercury drinking water exposure in rodents.

Science.gov (United States)

Bisen-Hersh, Emily B; Farina, Marcelo; Barbosa, Fernando; Rocha, Joao B T; Aschner, Michael

2014-04-01

Early methylmercury (MeHg) exposure can have long-lasting consequences likely arising from impaired developmental processes, the outcome of which has been exposed in several longitudinal studies of affected populations. Given the large number of newborns at an increased risk of learning disabilities associated with in utero MeHg exposure, it is important to study neurobehavioral alterations using ecologically valid and physiologically relevant models. This review highlights the benefits of using the MeHg drinking water exposure paradigm and outlines behavioral outcomes arising from this procedure in rodents. Combination treatments that exacerbate or ameliorate MeHg-induced effects, and possible molecular mechanisms underlying behavioral impairment are also discussed. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Determination of a site-specific reference dose for methylmercury for fish-eating populations.

Science.gov (United States)

Shipp, A M; Gentry, P R; Lawrence, G; Van Landingham, C; Covington, T; Clewell, H J; Gribben, K; Crump, K

2000-11-01

methylmercury, the exposures of concern for the Point Comfort site are from the chronic consumption of relatively low concentrations of methylmercury in fish. Since the publication of the USEPA RfD, several analyses of chronic exposure to methylmercury in fish-eating populations have been reported. The purpose of the analysis reported here was to evaluate the possibility of deriving an RfD for methylmercury, specifically for the case of fish ingestion, on the basis of these new studies. In order to better support the risk-management decisions associated with developing a remediation approach for the site in question, the analysis was designed to provide information on the distribution of acceptable ingestion rates across a population, which could reasonably be expected to be consistent with the results of the epidemiological studies of other fish-eating populations. Based on a review of the available literature on the effects of methylmercury, a study conducted with a population in the Seychelles Islands was selected as the critical study for this analysis. The exposures to methylmercury in this population result from chronic, multigenerational ingestion of contaminated fish. This prospective study was carefully conducted and analyzed, included a large cohort of mother-infant pairs, and was relatively free of confounding factors. The results of this study are essentially negative, and a no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) derived from the estimated exposures has recently been used by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) as the basis for a chronic oral minimal risk level (MRL) for methylmercury. In spite of the fact that no statistically significant effects were observed in this study, the data as reported are suitable for dose-response analysis using the BMD method. Evaluation of the BMD method used in this analysis, as well as in the current USEPA RfD, has demonstrated that the resulting 95% lower bound on the 10% benchmark dose (BMDL) represents a

PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM TES DIAGNOSTIK KESULITAN BELAJAR BERBASIS WEB MAHASISWA JURUSAN TEKNIK MESIN

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Soffan Nurhaji

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (a Merancang sistem tes diagnostik kesulitan belajar mahasiswa jurusan pendidikan teknik mesin, dan, dan (b mengembangkan sistem tes diagnostik kesulitan belajar Mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Research and Development dengan perangkat lunak. Model pengembangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model modifikasi linear sequential yang disebut juga sebagai classic life cycle atau model waterfall yang memiliki 4 langkah. Analisis kebutuhan sistem dan perancangan sistem telah dilakukan pada tahun kedua. Implementasi dan validasi program dilakukan pada tahun keempat. Validasi sistem dilakukan dengan angket yang diberikan kepada 6 dosen yang mengampu di jurusan teknik pendidikan mesin untuk melihat aspek kinerja, rancangan, dan aksesbilitas sistem. Analisis data validasi dilakukan dengan statistik deskriptif. Langkah terakhir, evaluasi pemanfaatan sistem, akan dilaksanakan pada tahun kelima. Sistem tes diagnostik kesulitan belajar akan dikembangkan dengan arsitektur web client-server. Sistem ini memiliki tiga kelompok pengguna, yaitu admin, dosen, dan mahasiswa. Hasil analisis aspek kinerja, rancangan, dan adaptabilitas sistem secara keseluruhan akan dianalisis dari angket yang mempunyai rata-rata penilaian yang diperoleh dari skala 1–4, sehingga termasuk kategori sangat baik. Karena itu sistem yang telah dikembangkan dapat digunakan pada penelitian lebih lanjut pada tahun keenam, yaitu evaluasi pemanfaatan sistem. 

PERANCANGAN SISTEM PERPIPAAN KM. NUSANTARA (PIPING SYSTEM

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Aulia Windyandari

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Sistem perpipaan merupakan sistem komplek yang didesain seefektif dan  seefisien mungkin untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dalam kapal ,crew ,muatan dan menjaga keamanan kapal baik saat berlayar ataupun berlabuh. Secara umum sistem pipa dapat diartikan sebagai  bagian utama suatu sistem yang menghubungkan titik dimana fluida di simpan ke titik pengeluaran semua pipa baik untuk memindahkan tenaga atau pemompaan harus dipertimbangkan secara teliti karena keamanan dari sebuah kapal akan tergantung pada susunan perpipaaan seperti halnya pada perlengkapan kapal lainnya Paper ini akan menguraikan tahap-tahap yang harus dilakukan serta pertimbangan-pertimbangan matematis yang diambil  oleh seorang ship engineer  dalam merancang suatu system perpipaan pada kapal KM. Nusantara. Hasil akhir dari paper ini adalah sebuah desain system perpipaan pada pada sebuah kapal,yaitu KM Nusantara, dengan mempertimbangkan system perpipaan yang paling efektif dalam pengoperasiannya.

The oral bioavailability and toxicokinetics of methylmercury in common loon (Gavia immer) chicks

Science.gov (United States)

Fournier, F.; Karasov, W.H.; Kenow, K.P.; Meyer, M.W.; Hines, R.K.

2002-01-01

We compared the toxicokinetics of methylmercury in captive common loon chicks during two time intervals to assess the impact of feather growth on the kinetics of mercury. We also determined the oral bioavailability of methylmercury during these trials to test for age-related changes. The blood concentration-time curves for individuals dosed during feather development (initiated 35 days post hatch) were best described by a one-compartment toxicokinetic model with an elimination half-life of 3 days. The data for birds dosed following completion of feather growth (84 days post hatch) were best fitted by a two-compartment elimination model that includes an initial rapid distribution phase with a half-life of 0.9 days, followed by a slow elimination phase with a half-life of 116 days. We determined the oral bioavailability of methylmercury during the first dosing interval by comparing the ratios of the area under the blood concentration-time curves (AUC0→∞) for orally and intravenously dosed chicks. The oral bioavailability of methylmercury during the first dosing period was 0.83. We also determined bioavailability during both dosing periods using a second measure because of irregularities with intravenous results in the second period. This second bioavailability measure estimated the percentage of the dose that was deposited in the blood volume (f), and the results show that there was no difference in bioavailability among dosing periods. The results of this study highlight the importance of feather growth on the toxicokinetics of methylmercury.

Sistem Morfologi Nomina Variabel ( Ism Mutasharrif Bahasa Arab

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Amir Syuhada

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Kata yang berjenis nomina dalam bahasa Arab terutama nomina variabelmemiliki intensitas lebih banyak dari pada jenis kata yang lain. Hal ini disebabkanoleh fleksibelitas perubahan bentuknya yang tinggi dan setiap perubahan dapatmembentuk kata baru yang berbeda identitas leksikalnya dengan kata dasar.Perubahan bentuk ini berdasarkan sistem morfologi. Dalam perspektif linguistikumum, sistem ini bekerja secara struktural dengan mengidentifikasikan satuan-satuan terkecil pembentuk kata yang disebut dengan morfem. Dari sistem inidapat diketahui bahwa karakter morfologi nomina variable bahasa Arabberdasarkan integritas akar kata dan pola, kemudian keanekaragaman bentukperubahannya dapat membentuk berbagaimacam jenis nomina yang berbedafungsi dan maknanya, dan proses morfologis yang terjadi pada nomina variablemelalui sistem augmentasi (ziyâdah yang bersifat derivatif.

MEMBANGUN SISTEM HUKUM PANCASILA YANG MERDEKA DARI KORUPSI DAN MENJUNJUNG HAM

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Teguh Prasetyo

2014-04-01

Sebagai negara yang sudah merdeka selama 68 tahun, Indonesia seharusnya sudah mempunyai sistem hukumnya sendiri yang sesuai dengan kepribadian bangsa Indonesia. Sistem hukum Indonesia tersebut harus dibangun berdasarkan Pancasila yang menampilkan karakteristik ke-Indonesia-an di tengah-tengah sistem hukum lain di dunia. Sistem hukum Pancasila merupakan suatu sistem hukum yang bermoral dan bermartabat. Bermoral berarti bahwa sistem hukum di Indonesia sistem hukum yang merdeka dari korupsi. Sedangkan sistem hukum yang bermartabat adalah sistem hukum yang menjunjung nilai-nilai kemanusiaan terutama di bidang HAM. Abstract Having been independent for 68 years, Indonesia should have had its own legal system that suits the character of the Indonesian nation. Indonesias legal system have to be constructed based on Pancasila which reflects all the characteristics of Indonesia particularity in the midst of other legal systems in the world. The legal system based on Pancasila is a legal system that emphasizes moral and human dignity. Legal morality means that the legal system in Indonesia is free from corruption. While the legal system with dignity is a legal system that upholds the values of humanity, especially in the field of human rights.

Serum/plasma methylmercury determination by isotope dilution gas chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baxter, Douglas C., E-mail: douglas.baxter@alsglobal.com [ALS Scandinavia AB, Aurorum 10, 977 75 Lulea (Sweden); Faarinen, Mikko [ALS Scandinavia AB, Aurorum 10, 977 75 Lulea (Sweden); Osterlund, Helene; Rodushkin, Ilia [ALS Scandinavia AB, Aurorum 10, 977 75 Lulea (Sweden); Division of Geosciences, Lulea University of Technology, 977 87 Lulea (Sweden); Christensen, Morten [ALS Scandinavia AB, Maskinvaegen 2, 183 53 Taeby (Sweden)

2011-09-09

Highlights: {center_dot} We determine methylmercury in serum and plasma using isotope dilution calibration. {center_dot} Separation by gas chromatography and detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. {center_dot} Data for 50 specimens provides first reference range for methylmercury in serum. {center_dot} Serum samples shown to be stable for 11 months in refrigerator. - Abstract: A method for the determination of methylmercury in plasma and serum samples was developed. The method uses isotope dilution with {sup 198}Hg-labeled methylmercury, extraction into dichloromethane, back-extraction into water, aqueous-phase ethylation, purge and trap collection, thermal desorption, separation by gas chromatography, and mercury isotope specific detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. By spiking 2 mL sample with 1.2 ng tracer, measurements in a concentration interval of (0.007-2.9) {mu}g L{sup -1} could be performed with uncertainty amplification factors <2. A limit of quantification of 0.03 {mu}g L{sup -1} was estimated at 10 times the standard deviation of concentrations measured in preparation blanks. Within- and between-run relative standard deviations were <10% at added concentration levels of 0.14 {mu}g L{sup -1}, 0.35 {mu}g L{sup -1} and 2.8 {mu}g L{sup -1}, with recoveries in the range 82-110%. Application of the method to 50 plasma/serum samples yielded a median (mean; range) concentration of methylmercury of 0.081 (0.091; <0.03-0.19) {mu}g L{sup -1}. This is the first time methylmercury has been directly measured in this kind of specimen, and is therefore the first estimate of a reference range.

Perancangan Master Plan Sistem Informasi Akademik STT Dharma Iswara Madiun

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hani Atun Mumtahana

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Teknologi Informasi dan Sistem Informasi sudah menjadi hal paling mendasar dalam suatu organisasi dalam menjalankan proses bisnis. Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Sistem Informasi (TI/SI yang baik harus direncanakan dengan baik. Master Plan merupakan suatu pedoman jangka pendek, menengah dan jangka panjang dalam pengembangan TI/SI suatu organisasi/perusahaan. Dalam menjalankan proses bisnis yang disesuaikan dengan Visi, Misi dan Tujuannya, STT Dharma Iswara Madiun lebih menitik beratkan pada Pelayanan Bidang Akademik (disesuaikan dengan gambaran Portofolio Aplikasi. Untuk menghasilkan pelayanan yang prima dalam bidang Akademik, perancangan Master Plan Sistem Informasi Akademik merupakan salah satu cara untuk membuat perencanaan jangka panjang pemeliharaan Sistem Informasi Akademik. Pada penelitian ini perancangan Master Plan Sistem Informasi Akademik dilakukan dengan perumusan Rencana Strategis STT Dharma Iswara Madiun, membuat arsitektur Sistem Informasi dengan framework Zachman 4 kolom (data (what, function (how, network (where dan people (who dan 3 baris (planner, owner dan designer. Hasil penelitian ini berupa rencana pengembangan Sistem Infromasi Akademik dalam bentuk Master Plan pada jangka pendek, jangka menengah dan jangka panjang.

Analisa Pengaruh Penerapan Teknologi Informasi untuk Perbaikan Kinerja Rantai Pasok Sistem Produksi-Distribusi dengan Menggunakan Dinamika Sistem

OpenAIRE

Setijadi, Setijadi; Pramestari, Diah; Ane, Bernadetta Kwintiana

2009-01-01

Kinerja suatu rantai pasok sistem produksi-distribusi dipengaruhi oleh beberapapenggerak (drivers), yaitu persediaan, transportasi, fasilitas, dan informasi. Secarapotensial, informasi merupakan penggerak terbesar terhadap kinerja rantai pasok, karenasecara langsung mempengaruhi penggerak lainnya. Informasi membuka peluang untukmembuat rantai pasok lebih responsif dan efisien.Pada sisi lain, pengaturan tingkat produksi dalam suatu sistem produksi-distribusimenjadi suatu masalah sulit karena a...

Analisa Pengaruh Penerapan Teknologi Informasi Untuk Perbaikan Kinerja Rantai Pasok Sistem Produksi-Distribusi Dengan Menggunakan Dinamika Sistem

OpenAIRE

Setijadi, Setijadi; Pramestari, Diah; Ane, Bernadetta Kwintiana

2004-01-01

Kinerja suatu rantai pasok sistem produksi-distribusi dipengaruhi oleh beberapapenggerak (drivers), yaitu persediaan, transportasi, fasilitas, dan informasi. Secarapotensial, informasi merupakan penggerak terbesar terhadap kinerja rantai pasok, karenasecara langsung mempengaruhi penggerak lainnya. Informasi membuka peluang untukmembuat rantai pasok lebih responsif dan efisien.Pada sisi lain, pengaturan tingkat produksi dalam suatu sistem produksi-distribusimenjadi suatu masalah sulit karena a...

Low-level maternal methylmercury exposure through rice ingestion and potential implications for offspring health

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rothenberg, Sarah E.; Feng Xinbin; Li Ping

2011-01-01

Fish consumption is considered the primary pathway for MeHg (MeHg) exposure; however, MeHg exposure also occurs through rice ingestion. Rice is grown in an aquatic environment and although documented MeHg concentrations in rice are lower compared to fish tissue, human exposures exceed international guidelines in some regions where rice is a staple food and rice MeHg levels are elevated. Studies concerning human health exposure to MeHg should also include populations where maternal MeHg exposure occurs through ingestion of rice. Rice does not contain long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are associated with confounding developmental outcomes in offspring. Rice is also a staple food for more than half the world's population; therefore, it is critical to investigate the potential health risks of maternal ingestion of rice to the developing fetus, the most susceptible population to the deleterious effects of MeHg. Data concerning MeHg in rice are reviewed and micronutrients in rice are discussed. - Research highlights: → Maternal methylmercury exposure through rice may be important. → Rice does not contain the same micronutrients as fish, but may contain methylmercury. → Effects to offspring from methylmercury without beneficial micronutrients are unknown. - Studies concerning maternal methylmercury exposure and cognitive outcomes for offspring should include populations where rice ingestion is the primary methylmercury exposure pathway.

Low-level maternal methylmercury exposure through rice ingestion and potential implications for offspring health

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rothenberg, Sarah E., E-mail: rothenberg.sarah@gmail.com [State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 46 Guanshui Lu, Guiyang 550002 (China); Feng Xinbin, E-mail: fengxinbin@vip.skleg.cn [State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 46 Guanshui Lu, Guiyang 550002 (China); Li Ping [State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 46 Guanshui Lu, Guiyang 550002 (China)

2011-04-15

Fish consumption is considered the primary pathway for MeHg (MeHg) exposure; however, MeHg exposure also occurs through rice ingestion. Rice is grown in an aquatic environment and although documented MeHg concentrations in rice are lower compared to fish tissue, human exposures exceed international guidelines in some regions where rice is a staple food and rice MeHg levels are elevated. Studies concerning human health exposure to MeHg should also include populations where maternal MeHg exposure occurs through ingestion of rice. Rice does not contain long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are associated with confounding developmental outcomes in offspring. Rice is also a staple food for more than half the world's population; therefore, it is critical to investigate the potential health risks of maternal ingestion of rice to the developing fetus, the most susceptible population to the deleterious effects of MeHg. Data concerning MeHg in rice are reviewed and micronutrients in rice are discussed. - Research highlights: > Maternal methylmercury exposure through rice may be important. > Rice does not contain the same micronutrients as fish, but may contain methylmercury. > Effects to offspring from methylmercury without beneficial micronutrients are unknown. - Studies concerning maternal methylmercury exposure and cognitive outcomes for offspring should include populations where rice ingestion is the primary methylmercury exposure pathway.

Protection against Radiotherapy-Induced Toxicity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Susan Hall

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Radiation therapy is a highly utilized therapy in the treatment of malignancies with up to 60% of cancer patients receiving radiation therapy as a part of their treatment regimen. Radiation therapy does, however, cause a wide range of adverse effects that can be severe and cause permanent damage to the patient. In an attempt to minimize these effects, a small number of compounds have been identified and are in use clinically for the prevention and treatment of radiation associated toxicities. Furthermore, there are a number of emerging therapies being developed for use as agents that protect against radiation-induced toxicities. The aim of this review was to evaluate and summarise the evidence that exists for both the known radioprotectant agents and the agents that show promise as future radioprotectant agents.

Prototipe Sistem Pendeteksian Awal Pencemaran Air Berbantuan Sensor Konduktivitas dan Suhu Berbasis Mikrokontroler

OpenAIRE

Effendi, Ruslan; Goeritno, Arief; Yatim, Rakhmad

2015-01-01

Telah dilakukan sistem pendeteksian awal pencemaran air berbantuan sensor konduktivitas dan suhu berbasis mikrokontroler, melalui langkah-langkah: (1) pengintegrasian sensor konduktivitas dan suhu ke sistem mikrokontroler, meliputi: (a) pengawatan sistem berbantuan program aplikasi Eagle, (b) pembuatan board untuk sistem mikrokontroler ATmega32, (c) pengawatan sistem, dan (d) penempatan sensor pada sistem mikrokontroler ATmega32; (2) pemrograman terhadap mikrokontroler ATmega32, meliputi: (a)...

[Improvement of the method for methylmercury determination in aquatic products using liquid chromatography online coupled with atomic fluorescence spectrometry].

Science.gov (United States)

Shang, Xiaohong; Zhao, Yunfeng; Zhang, Lei; Li, Xiaowei; Wu, Yongning

2011-07-01

The improvement method was developed for methylmercury determination using liquid chromatography online coupled with cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry (LC-CV-AFS). Cysteine was used as complexing agent in mobile phase instead of mercaptoethanol. Under the optimized conditions, baseline separation of mercury species could be achieved within 8 min on a C18 column with a mobile phase of 5% (v/v) acetonitrile-1 g/L L-cysteine-50 mmol/L ammonium acetate aqueous solution. The linear range of calibration curve of methylmercury was 1-50 microg/L and the limit of detection (S/N = 3) for methylmercury was 0.3 microg/L. Ultrasonication assisted hydrochloric acid extraction was used to extract methylmercury from seafood samples. The sample extract was cleaned up by a C18 solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge. For validation of the method, certified reference materials and spiked seafood samples were analyzed. The determined methylmercury contents of certified reference materials NIST1566b, BCR464 and GBW10029 agreed well with the certified values. The determined methylmercury values for Food Analysis Performance Assessment Scheme (FAPAS) sample 07115 were satisfied. The recoveries of methylmercury in seafood samples at three spiked levels (10, 50 and 500 microg/kg) ranged from 89% to 112%, including cooked seafood food. The precision of the method based on relative standard deviation (RSD) was not more than 7%. The present method of LC-CV-AFS is accurate, sensitive, simple, and can meet the demand of methylmercury determination in seafood.

Oxidative stress in MeHg-induced neurotoxicity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Farina, Marcelo, E-mail: farina@ccb.ufsc.br [Departamento de Bioquimica, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC (Brazil); Aschner, Michael [Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (United States); Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (United States); Rocha, Joao B.T., E-mail: jbtrocha@yahoo.com.br [Departamento de Quimica, Centro de Ciencias Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS (Brazil)

2011-11-15

Methylmercury (MeHg) is an environmental toxicant that leads to long-lasting neurological and developmental deficits in animals and humans. Although the molecular mechanisms mediating MeHg-induced neurotoxicity are not completely understood, several lines of evidence indicate that oxidative stress represents a critical event related to the neurotoxic effects elicited by this toxicant. The objective of this review is to summarize and discuss data from experimental and epidemiological studies that have been important in clarifying the molecular events which mediate MeHg-induced oxidative damage and, consequently, toxicity. Although unanswered questions remain, the electrophilic properties of MeHg and its ability to oxidize thiols have been reported to play decisive roles to the oxidative consequences observed after MeHg exposure. However, a close examination of the relationship between low levels of MeHg necessary to induce oxidative stress and the high amounts of sulfhydryl-containing antioxidants in mammalian cells (e.g., glutathione) have led to the hypothesis that nucleophilic groups with extremely high affinities for MeHg (e.g., selenols) might represent primary targets in MeHg-induced oxidative stress. Indeed, the inhibition of antioxidant selenoproteins during MeHg poisoning in experimental animals has corroborated this hypothesis. The levels of different reactive species (superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide) have been reported to be increased in MeHg-exposed systems, and the mechanisms concerning these increments seem to involve a complex sequence of cascading molecular events, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, intracellular calcium dyshomeostasis and decreased antioxidant capacity. This review also discusses potential therapeutic strategies to counteract MeHg-induced toxicity and oxidative stress, emphasizing the use of organic selenocompounds, which generally present higher affinity for MeHg when compared to the classically

Pola Penguasaan Tanah Sawah Secara Sistem Gilir Ganti pada Masyarakat Hukum Adat Kerinci

OpenAIRE

Idris, Isran

2011-01-01

Sistem gilir ganti sawah adalah pola penguasaan tanah sawah menurut Hukum Adat Kerinci. Sistem ini memberikan  bagi ahli waris perempuan untuk secara bergilir ganti dalam menggunakan atau pemakaiannya guna  mendapatkan hasilnya. Adanya sistem ini adalah pengaruh sistem kewarisan yang membedakan antara harta berat dan ringan. Banyaknya peserta dan persilangan gilir ganti sawah mempengaruhi pergerakan sistem dan masa tunggu setiap peserta untuk mendapatkan gilirannya.   Kata kunci: sistem gilir...

KOMPARASI SISTEM MANUFAKTUR PUSH DAN PULL MELALUI PENDEKATAN SIMULASI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eric Wibisono

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Manufacturing systems that are often classified as push and pull often invite question: "How far do the differences between those two systems exist?" Many researches have been carried out but succinct answer to the above question is always difficult to reach. The difficulty roots from the variety of definition of the push and pull systems itself and also from the variety of complexity of a manufacturing system. This paper attempts to study the differences in performance between push and pull systems in a relatively simple model that consists of 4 serial processors with buffers located between these processors. Variations being modelled is on the setting of the system's load (high and low and the buffer size with performance being measured include machine utilization, number of outputs and mean flow time of jobs. The approach used is simulation using ProModel software as the tool. From the experiments it can be derived that buffer size turns out to be a very critical factor in system performance. Moreover, it is also proved that when the buffer size is large, push and pull systems do not differ significantly. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Sistem manufaktur yang umumnya dikategorikan menjadi sistem push dan pull sering mengundang pertanyaan: "Seberapa jauh perbedaan dari kedua sistem tersebut ada?" Banyak penelitian telah dilakukan namun jawaban yang lugas atas pertanyaan tersebut sulit diperoleh. Kesulitan ini umumnya berakar dari beragamnya definisi sistem push dan pull itu sendiri serta variasi dari kompleksitas suatu sistem manufaktur. Makalah ini mencoba melihat perbedaan antara kinerja sistem push dan pull dalam suatu model sederhana yang terdiri dari 4 prosesor serial dengan buffer yang diletakkan di antara masing-masing prosesor tersebut. Variasi yang dilakukan adalah pada setting beban kerja sistem (padat dan ringan dan ukuran buffer dengan kinerja yang diukur adalah utilisasi mesin, jumlah output dan rata-rata waktu tinggal job

Natural Hg isotopic composition of different Hg compounds in mammal tissues as a proxy for in vivo breakdown of toxic methylmercury.

Science.gov (United States)

Perrot, Vincent; Masbou, Jeremy; Pastukhov, Mikhail V; Epov, Vladimir N; Point, David; Bérail, Sylvain; Becker, Paul R; Sonke, Jeroen E; Amouroux, David

2016-02-01

In the last decade, specific attention has been paid to total mercury (HgT) stable isotopic composition, especially in natural samples such as aquatic organisms, due to its potential to track the cycle of this toxic element in the environment. Here, we investigated Hg Compound Specific stable Isotopic Composition (CSIC) of natural inorganic Hg (iHg) and methylmercury (MMHg) in various tissues of aquatic mammals (Beluga whale from the Arctic marine environment and seals from the freshwater lake Baikal, Russia). In seals' organs the variation in mass dependent fractionation (MDF, δ(202)Hg) for total Hg was significantly correlated to the respective fraction of iHg and MMHg compounds, with MMHg being enriched by ∼ 3‰ in heavier isotopes relative to iHg. On the other hand, we observe insignificant variation in Hg mass independent isotope fractionation (MIF, Δ(199)Hg) among iHg and MMHg in all organs for the same mammal species and MMHg in prey items. MIF signatures suggest that both MMHg and iHg in aquatic mammals have the same origin (i.e., MMHg from food), and are representative of Hg photochemistry in the water column of the mammal ecosystem. MDF signatures of Hg compounds indicate that MMHg is demethylated in vivo before being stored in the muscle, and the iHg formed is stored in the liver, and to a lesser extent in the kidney, before excretion. Thus, Hg CSIC analysis in mammals can be a powerful tool for tracing the metabolic response to Hg exposure.

Integrasi Sistem berbasis Predictive Analytics untuk Pasar Tradisional Indonesia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Riovan Styx Roring

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Kebudayaan Indonesia yang terkenal dengan sikap hangatnya kepada setiap orang, terlebih khusus dilihat didalam kegiatan publik seperti aktifitas jual-beli di pasar tradisional. Sayangnya, kurangnya pengetahuan untuk mengelola dan menjaga usaha merupakan permasalahan yang umum ditemukan di hampir setiap pasar tradisional di Indonesia. Insting menjual habis meskipun pada harga yang merugikan, diskon yang berlebihan, bonus pembelian yang berebihan merupakan contoh-contoh yang mengakibatkan terjadinya kerugian tanpa sepengetahuan penjual. Implementasi sistem yang dapat mengatasi masalah masalah diatas terlihat mudah, namun menjadi sulit ketika dihadapkan dengan sistem yang mengelola usaha dikarenakan terdapat beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi sistem tersebut, seperti faktor kebudayaan. Merancang sistem yang dapat memprediksi market berdasarkan behavior dari pembeli dan menangkap informasi tersebut merupakan solusi terbaik, dimana solusi tersebut dapat beradaptasi dengan kebutuhan dari lingkungan pasar tradisional. Penjual diminta untuk meng-input informasi barang mereka yang nantinya digunakan sebagai input untuk proses predictive analytics. Hasilnya kemudian disajikan kepada pengguna sebagai bagian dari keputusan bisnis mereka, dan juga sebagai input knowledge capturing dan knowledge transfer. Kombinasi antara analisis dan knowledge process kemudian menjadi suatu sistem yang dapat di integrasikan, yang mana dapat digunakan sebagai sistem informasi yang beradaptasi dengan lingkungan pasar Indonesia.

Methylmercury Exposure Induces Sexual Dysfunction in Male and Female Drosophila Melanogaster.

Science.gov (United States)

Chauhan, Ved; Srikumar, Syian; Aamer, Sarah; Pandareesh, Mirazkar D; Chauhan, Abha

2017-09-24

Mercury, an environmental health hazard, is a neurotoxic heavy metal. In this study, the effect of methylmercury (MeHg) exposure was analyzed on sexual behavior in Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly), because neurons play a vital role in sexual functions. The virgin male and female flies were fed a diet mixed with different concentrations of MeHg (28.25, 56.5, 113, 226, and 339 µM) for four days, and the effect of MeHg on copulation of these flies was studied. While male and female control flies (no MeHg) and flies fed with lower concentrations of MeHg (28.25, 56.5 µM) copulated in a normal manner, male and female flies exposed to higher concentrations of MeHg (113, 226, and 339 µM) did not copulate. When male flies exposed to higher concentrations of MeHg were allowed to copulate with control female flies, only male flies fed with 113 µM MeHg were able to copulate. On the other hand, when female flies exposed to higher concentrations of MeHg were allowed to copulate with control male flies, none of the flies could copulate. After introduction of male and female flies in the copulation chamber, duration of wing flapping by male flies decreased in a MeHg-concentration-dependent manner from 101 ± 24 seconds (control) to 100.7 ± 18, 96 ±12, 59 ± 44, 31 ± 15, and 3.7 ± 2.7 seconds at 28.25, 56.5, 113, 226, and 339 µM MeHg, respectively. On the other hand, grooming in male and female flies increased in a MeHg-concentration-dependent manner. These findings suggest that MeHg exposure causes sexual dysfunction in male and female Drosophila melanogaster . Further studies showed that MeHg exposure increased oxidative stress and decreased triglyceride levels in a concentration-dependent manner in both male and female flies, suggesting that MeHg-induced oxidative stress and decreased triglyceride levels may partly contribute to sexual dysfunction in fruit flies.

Perancangan Sistem Surge Absorber Untuk Mencegah Terjadinya Waterhammer Pada Pipeline Sistem Pendistribusian Avtur Di DPPU Pertamina - Bandara Ngurah Rai

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Agung Dwi Sulaksono

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Aliran fluida transient erat kaitannya dengan fenomena fluida yang dikenal dengan water hammer. Water hammer yang tidak terkendali dapat berakibat buruk pada instalasi sistem perpipaan. Untuk menghindari dampak buruk keberdaan water hammer dapat dilakukan dengan cara memasang komponen perpipaan, salah satunya adalah surge absorber. Sehubungan dengan rencana pengembangan jalur perpipaan serta penambahan kapasitas pompa DPPU Pertamina maka diperlukan kajian mengenai performansi surge absorber yang telah terpasang dan surge absorber yang dibutuhkan untuk mencegah water hammer pada header pit sistem perpipaan DPPU Pertamina yang baru. Kajian tersebut dilakukan dengan cara membuat simulasi yang menmggunakan Method Of Characteristic untuk menyelesaikan persamaan dasar water hammer. Dari hasil kajian yang telah dilakukan, diketahui bahwa delapan buah surge absorber yang terpasang pada sistem perpipaan DPPU Pertamina memiliki volume gas yang masih berada pada range kerjanya . Sedangkan untuk mengatasi water hammer pada jalur pipa tambahan, diperlukan penambahan 4 buah surge absorber yang diletakkan pada sistem perpipaan yang baru.

PROTOTYPE SISTEM MONITORING RUMAH MENGGUNAKAN WEBCAM

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Muchammad Husni

2005-07-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 false false false IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Saat ini  internet merupakan produk teknologi yang berkembang pesat dan menjadi dasar terhadap munculnya berbagai macam teknologi dan peralatan multimedia. Salah satunya adalah SMS gateway dan Webcam. SMS gateway, produk yag didukung oleh teknologi mobile phone ini berfungsi untuk berkomunikasi antara komputer dengan telepon selular. Sedangkan Webcam adalah salah satu produk teknologi multimedia untuk pengambilan gambar dan video. Penelitian ini mencoba mengimplementasikan sebuah sistem untuk memonitor rumah dari jauh dengan mengintegerasikan teknologi SMS Gateway, Webcam dan Dial Up Networking untuk menunjang  fitur sistem. Teknis secara global sistem adalah sebagai berikut: Sistem diaktifkan menggunakan SMS. Aktifasi yang dimaksud adalah dial up komputer server ke internet. Output aktifasi adalah alamat IP yang dikirimkan kembali ke user. Informasi alamat IP inilah yang digunakan komputer client untuk memulai viewing gambar dari webcam. Sistem yang dibuat dalam penelitian ini dapat melakukan viewing kondisi rumah dari tempat lain melalui internet. Koneksi ke internet komputer server dapat dikontrol menggunakan SMS sehingga mengefisienkan penggunaan internet pada sistem.   Kata Kunci : Webcam, Winsock, Dial

Sistem Peresapan Elektronik pada Keselamatan Pengobatan Pasien

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Al Asyary

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Dalam banyak penerapannya, penggunaan sistem peresepan elektronik (computerized physician order entry, CPOE dalam penulisan resep terbukti mampu menurunkan angka kesalahan peresepan obat (adverse drug event, ADE. Kesalahan pengobatan seperti kekeliruan penulisan nama obat, penentuan dosis, dan penggunaan jenis obat yang tepat untuk pasien dengan kondisi kesehatan tertentu di pelayanan kesehatan dapat ditekan. Namun, CPOE masih memiliki kelemahan seperti tambahan waktu untuk mengentri data pasien oleh para dokter ke dalam sistem. Untuk meng- evaluasi dampak persepsi pengguna tentang penerapan CPOE terhadap keselamatan pengobatan pasien, suatu penelitian kualitatif telah dilakukan di Gadjah Mada Medical Health Center yang telah mengadopsi sistem ini selama sepuluh tahun. Data dan informasi dikumpukan dengan wawancara mendalam terhadap sembilan dokter (tujuh dokter umum dan dua dokter spesialis sebagai informen pengguna CPOE menggunakan pedoman wawancara, alat perekam suara, buku catat, dan daftar centang observasi. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa sepuluh tahun CPOE telah mampu meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi pelayanan kesehatan, tetapi poten- si ADE masih terjadi akibat gangguan komunikasi pasien-dokter karena perlunya waktu tambahan untuk entri data. Disimpulkan bahwa sistem CPOE belum mampu mendukung pengambilan keputusan untuk mencegah ADE dalam pengobatan pasien. In most of its applications, Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE has been improved patient safety by reducing medication errors and subse- quent adverse drug events (ADEs. Medication error such as elixir in writing, determination of dose, and correct drug type used for patient with certain health condition in health services can be reduced. But, the CPOE still has some weknesses such as additional time to entry the patient information by physician to the sistem. To evaluate the impact of end-user perception using CPOE sistem on patient safety medication, a qualitative

PERFORMANSI SISTEM AGROFORESTRI TRADISIONAL DI DESA TELAGA LANGSAT, KABUPATEN BANJAR

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Adistina Fitriani

2016-09-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT. The study aims to learn: (1 study the system and process of formation of agroforestri, (2 study management system which includes the Division of labor, working time and work as well as the institusional system, and (3 figure out the composition and structure of plants with agroforestry system. The object of the research is the agroforestry system has been developed by the community in the Sungai Langsat village, Banjar Regency in which consists of a type and composition that forms a system. The results showed that the system agroforestry in the Sungai Langsat village consists of one system of agroforestry, agrisilvikultur system, with two sub system, i.e. the sub system agroforestri rubber garden and Orchard blend. The history of the development of the process of formation of agroforestry system in location research in the beginning was the natural forest or scrub. Then opened by the community for the annual crop of shifting cultivation. As time goes by, in addition to the annual planting crops, also grow fruits and plants producing wooden resin (rubber. In its development the plant fruits into orchards mixture that consists of a variety of fruit trees are scattered at random and irregular, while rubber plantations were planted in irregular and tend to even aged. Keywords: Performance, Traditional, Agroforestry System ABSTRAK.  Penelitan ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari : (1 mempelajari sistem dan proses terbentuknya agroforestri, (2 Mendiskripsikan sistem pengelolaan yang meliputi pembagian kerja, waktu kerja dan sistem kerja serta kelembagaannya, dan (3 mengetahui komposisi dan struktur tanaman dengan sistem agroforestri. Obyek penelitian ini adalah sistem agroforestry yang telah dikembangkan oleh masyarakat di desa Sungai Langsat Kabupaten Banjar yang di dalamnya terdiri atas jenis dan komposisinya yang membentuk suatu sistem. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem agroforestri yang terdapat di desa Sungai Langsat terdiri dari

Oral bioaccessibility of toxic and essential elements in raw and cooked commercial seafood species available in European markets

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Alves, Ricardo N.; Maulvault, Ana L.; Barbosa, Vera L.

2017-01-01

The oral bioaccessibility of several essential and toxic elements was investigated in raw and cooked commercially available seafood species from European markets. Bioaccessibility varied between seafood species and elements. Methylmercury bioaccessibility varied between 10 (octopus) and 60...... % (monkfish). Arsenic (> 64%) was the toxic element showing the highest bioaccessibility. Concerning essential elements bioaccessibility in raw seafood, selenium (73 %) and iodine (71 %) revealed the highest percentages. The bioaccessibility of elements in steamed products increased or decreased according...

PERANCANGAN SISTEM TRACKING INVOICE LABORATURIUM PADA PT SUCUFINDO (PERSERO BANDUNG

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Erfian Junianto

2016-03-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT - PT. Sucofindo is an institution of BUMN that are engaged in analysis service provider. Like other service provider, the costumer has Sucofindo each day. Constraints arise because up to now have not had information systems Sucofindo tracking invice that can be accesed indepently by the costumer. Therefore required an information system that can support tracking system invoice by using the service of the website. The method in this thesis using the method of the design of the system. Method of designing a system that used is the method waterfall is supported by modeling system with a structured approach. The results of this thesis are presented invoice tracking system online, so it can be accesed anytime via internet. Keyword : Tracking, Invoice, Designing, Information System ABSTRAKSI - PT. Sucofindo adalah sebuah lembaga BUMN yang bergerak dalam bidang penyedia jasa analisa. Seperti perusahaan penyedia jasa lainnya, Sucofindo memiliki pelanggan setiap harinya. Kendala muncul karena hingga saat ini Sucofindo belum mempunyai sistem informasi tracking invoice yang dapat diakses secara mandiri oleh pelanggan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan sebuah sistem informasi yang dapat mendukung sistem tracking invoice dengan menggunakan layanan website. Metode dalam penulisan tugas akhir ini menggunakan metode perancangan sistem. Metode perancangan sistem yang digunakan adalah metode waterfall yang didukung oleh pemodelan sistem dengan pendekatan terstruktur. Hasil dari penulisan tugas akhir ini adalah sistem tracking invoice yang disajikan secara online, sehingga dapat diakses kapan saja melalui internet. Kata Kunci: Tracking, Invoice, Perancangan, Sistem Informasi

Toxicity ratios: Their use and abuse in predicting the risk from induced cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mays, C.W.; Taylor, G.N.; Lloyd, R.D.

1986-01-01

The toxicity ratio concept assumes the validity of certain relationships. In some examples for bone sarcoma induction, the approximate toxicity of 239 Pu in man can be calculated algebraically from the observed toxicity in the radium-dial painters and the ratio of 239 Pu/ 226 Ra toxicities in suitable laboratory mammals. In a species highly susceptible to bone sarcoma induction, the risk coefficients for both 239 Pu and 226 Ra are elevated, but the toxicity ratio of 239 Pu to 226 Ra tends to be similar to the ratio in resistant species. Among the tested species the toxicity ratio of 239 Pu to 226 Ra ranged from 6 to 22 (a fourfold range), whereas their relative sensitivities to 239 Pu varied by a factor of 150. The toxicity ratio approach can also be used to estimate the actinide risk to man from liver cancer, by comparing to the Thorotrast patients; from lung cancer, by comparing to the uranium miners and the atomic-bomb survivors; and from neutron-induced cancers, by comparing to cancers induced by gamma rays. The toxicity ratio can be used to predict the risk to man from a specific type of cancer that has been reliably induced by a reference radiation in humans and that can be induced by both the reference and the investigated radiation in suitable laboratory animals. 26 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab

PARTISIPASI PENGGUNA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI (TELAAH LITERATUR

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Priyo Hari Adi

2006-01-01

Full Text Available User participation in information system development was found to be the important factor that influenced the system success. Researches found that user participation influenced the system success indirectly through the user satisfaction. The results show the importance of accommodating the users' needs and requirements by involving them to participate in the system development to get the system success. However, the use of the terminology of user satisfaction is not so correct in relation with certain stage of information system development. Most of the users in the implementation stage need the understanding rather than expertise to operate the system. That was the reason why some researches used the terminology of user understanding rather than user expertise to measure their satisfaction in the related stage. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Partisipasi pengguna dalam pengembangan sistem informasi merupakan faktor penting yang berpengaruh terhadap suksesnya sebuah sistem. Beberapa penelitian menemukan bahwa partisipasi pengguna berhubungan secara tidak langsung berhubungan dengan kesuksessan sebuah sistem. Hasil dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa betapa pentingnya mengakomodasi kebutuhan dan keinginan dengan melibatkan pengguna untuk berpartisipasi dalam pengembangan sebuah sistem. Bagaimanapun juga, penggunaan istilah kepuasan pengguna tidak tepat dalam kaitannya dengan kepastian pengembangan sistem informasi. Kebanyakan dari pengguna dalam tahap implementasi membutuhkan pemahaman dibanding keahlian dalam mengoperasikan sistem itu. Oleh karena itu beberapa penelitian lebih menggunakan istilah pemahaman pengguna dibandingkan dengan keahlian pengguna untuk mengukur kepuasan. Kata kunci: partisispasi pengguna, kepuasan pengguna, keahlian pengguna, pemahaman pengguna.

Implementasi Cloud Computing Menggunakan Metode Pengembangan Sistem Agile

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Much Aziz Muslim

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Cloud computing merupakan sebuah teknologi yang menyediakan layanan terhadap sumber daya komputasi melalui sebuah jaringan. Sumber daya yang di sediakan di dalam cloud computing meliputi mesin, media penyimpanan data, sistem operasi dan program aplikasi. Fitur dari cloud computing dipercaya akan jauh lebih hemat dan memuaskan. Masalah yang muncul adalah bagaimana mengimplementasi Cloud Computing dengan menggunakan Windows Azure Pack dan bagaimana provisioning Windows Azure Pack SQL Database. Fokus pada penelitian ini adalah pada proses deploying dan provisioning SQL Database Server. Pengimplementasian cloud computing menggunakan metode pengembangan sistem agile dengan langkah-langkah meliputi perencanaan, implementasi, pengujian (test, dokumentasi, deployment dan pemeliharaan. Untuk menjalankan proses tersebut kebutuhan perangkat yang dipersiapkan meliputi perangkat keras seperti PC Server Cisco UCS C240 M3S2, Hardisk 8753 GB, 256 GB RAM, bandwith minimal 1 Mbps dan kebutuhan perangkat lunak meliputi Windows Server 2012 R2, VMM, Windows Azure Pack, IIS, SQL Server 2012 dan Web Patform Installer. Hasil dari implementasi cloud computing menggunakan metode pengembangan sistem agile adalah terbentuknya sebuah sistem cloud hosting provider dengan menggunakan Windows Azure Pack dan SQL Server 2012 sebagai sistem utama dan pengelolaan database menggunakan Microsoft SQL Server Management 

PERANCANGAN SISTEM TELE-NAVIGATION PADA PESAWAT TANPA AWAK (MICRO UAV

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Agus Basukesti

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Sistem navigasi pada pengoperasian pesawat tanpa awak (Micro UAV saat ini terdapat 2 cara yaitu dengan cara pandangan manual (line of sight dan sistem autopilot. Sistem navigasi line of sight memiliki kelemahan jangkauan pesawat tanpa awak hanya pada radius 200 meter karena keterbatasan penglihatan dari pengendali. Metode autopilot adalah metode kendali pesawat dengan algoritma lock position and homing. Sistem autopilot bekerja dengan cara mencari koordinat posisi yang dituju kemudian kembali ke lokasi awal. Keunggulan teknologi ini adalah pesawat dapat menjangkau jarak yang cukup jauh. Akan tetapi metode ini memiliki kelemahan yaitu pesawat harus terbang tinggi dan pesawat belum bisa menghindari halangan seperti gedung pencakar langit maupun pepohonan tinggi. Dalam penelitian ini dirancang sebuah sistem tele-navigasi yang merupakan modifikasi sistem navigasi line of sight dan autopilot sehingga dapat menutupi kelemahan dari masing masing metode navigasi yang ada saat ini. metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen yaitu dengan membuat pilot plan sistem Tele-navigasi yang selanjutnya akan diuji dengan pesawat tanpa awak (micro UAV jenis flying wing. Metode dokumentasi dan metode studi pustaka juga digunakan untuk melengkapi data teknis alat yang digunakan sehingga dapat dilakukan analisis mendalam terhadap performa alat yang dirancang. Kata kunci: line of sight, lock position and homing, autopilot, micro UAV.

EKSPLORASI DAN IMPLEMENTASI UNIFIED APPROACH DALAM PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI : STUDI KASUS SISTEM RESERVASI HOTEL

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Fajar Baskoro

2002-07-01

Full Text Available Perancangan perangkat lunak merupakan tahapan yang penting di dalam rekayasa perangkat lunak. Pemilihan perangkat perancangan yang dapat membantu memodelkan perangkat lunak menentukan kemudahan spesifikasi, implementasi, visualisasi, pengujian, dan dokumentasi perangkat lunak. UML, Unified Modelling Language sebagai Bahasa Pemodelan Terpadu mempunyai perangkat untuk memodelkan perangkat lunak memvisualisasikan use case, statis, dan perilaku perangkat lunak di dalam sistem. Penggunaan UML di dalam perancangan sistem informasi berbeda dengan penggunaan UML di dalam perangkat Lunak Waktu Nyata (Realtime. Pendekatan Unified adalah salah satu panduan yang digunakan untuk perancangan perangkat lunak dengan menggunakan UML. Kata kunci: UML, pendekatan unified, reservasi hotel.

Perancangan Sistem Informasi Akademik Berbasis Mobile Web Studi Kasus di Program Studi Sistem Komputer Universitas Diponegoro

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Syariful Mujab

2014-01-01

Hasil dari perancangan ini adalah sebuah aplikasi sistem informasi akademik berbasis mobile web yang berguna untuk memudahkan mahasiswa dalam mendapatkan informasi akademik melalui perangkat bergerak, dari hasil pengujian blackbox didapatkan hasil bahwa aplikasi sudah dapat memberikan informasi sesuai dengan kebutuhan mahasiswa, seperti informasi KHS dan KRS, informasi jadwal, informasi matakuliah, informasi transkrip nilai. Pengujian juga menguji kompatibelitas dan user interface aplikasi, Pengujian kompatibelitas dan user interface diujikan pada sistem operasi android dari versi 2.2 sampai 4.2. Hasil dari pengujian user interface adalah user interface pada setiap sistem operasi android yang telah diuji tidak ada yang terpotong dan tampilan dapat menyesuaikan layar sedangkan pengujian kompatibelitas untuk android versi 4.0 sampai 4.2 aplikasi dapat terpasang dan fitur yang tersedia dapat berjalan dengan baik, sedangkan android dibawah versi 4.0 aplikasi dapat terpasang namun kopatibelitas kurang baik karna untuk fitur animasi tidak dapat berjalan.

Exposures of dental professionals to elemental mercury and methylmercury.

Science.gov (United States)

Goodrich, Jaclyn M; Chou, Hwai-Nan; Gruninger, Stephen E; Franzblau, Alfred; Basu, Niladri

2016-01-01

Mercury (Hg) exposure, a worldwide public health concern, predominantly takes two forms--methylmercury from fish consumption and elemental Hg from dental amalgam restorations. We recruited 630 dental professionals from an American Dental Association meeting to assess Hg body burden and primary sources of exposure in a dually exposed population. Participants described occupational practices and fish consumption patterns via questionnaire. Hg levels in biomarkers of elemental Hg (urine) and methylmercury (hair and blood) were measured with a Direct Mercury Analyzer-80 and were higher than the general US population. Geometric means (95% CI) were 1.28 (1.19-1.37) μg/l in urine, 0.60 (0.54-0.67) μg/g in hair and 3.67 (3.38-3.98) μg/l in blood. In multivariable linear regression, personal amalgams predicted urine Hg levels along with total years in dentistry, amalgams handled, working hours and sex. Fish consumption patterns predicted hair and blood Hg levels, which were higher among Asians compared with Caucasians. Five species contributed the majority of the estimated Hg intake from fish--swordfish, fresh tuna, white canned tuna, whitefish and king mackerel. When studying populations with occupational exposure to Hg, it is important to assess environmental exposures to both elemental Hg and methylmercury as these constitute a large proportion of total exposure.

Pola Penguasaan Tanah Sawah secara Sistem Gilir Ganti pada Masyarakat Hukum Adat Kerinci

OpenAIRE

Idris, Isran

2011-01-01

Sistem gilir ganti sawah adalah pola penguasaan tanah sawah menurut Hukum Adat Kerinci. Sistem ini memberikan bagi ahli waris perempuan untuk secara bergilir ganti dalam menggunakan atau pemakaiannya guna mendapatkan hasilnya. Adanya sistem ini adalah pengaruh sistem kewarisan yang membedakan antara harta berat dan ringan. Banyaknya peserta dan persilangan gilir ganti sawah mempengaruhi pergerakan sistem dan masa tunggu setiap peserta untuk mendapatkan gilirannya.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM KANBAN UNTUK PELANCARAN PRODUKSI DAN MEREDUKSI KETERLAMBATAN

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Sri Hartini

2013-09-01

Full Text Available PT X Motor sering mengalami produksi minus setiap bulannya . Permasalahan keterlambatan pengiriman part dari warehouse ke line produksi karena sistem supply material yang belum terstruktur, sehingga terjadi  line stop. Untuk memenuhi target produksi maka dilakukan overtime tambahan, sehingga biaya yang ditanggung perusahaan akibat tidak tepatnya sistem supply material menjadi tinggi. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk mengusulkan sistem pengiriman part ke line produksi dengan menggunakan sistem kanban yang diharapkan mampu mengantisipasi terjadinya line stop akibat kekurangan part. Penelitian ini berhasil merancang sistem kanban, kartu kanban dan menentukan jumlah kanban beredar. Kata Kunci: sistem kanban, line stop, keterlambatan pengiriman part Abstract PT X Motor often experience minus production each month. Problems delay delivery of part of the production line to the warehouse for material supply system is not structured, resulting in the stop line. To meet the production target then performed additional overtime, so the cost to the company due to not exactly be high material supply system. This study tries to propose a delivery system parts to the production line using a kanban system are expected to anticipate the line stops due to lack of parts. This study succeeded in designing a kanban system, kanban cards and determine the number of kanban in circulation. Keywords: kanban system, line stop, delay the delivery part

Adverse effects of methylmercury: environmental health research implications

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Grandjean, Philippe; Satoh, Hiroshi; Murata, Katsuyuki

2010-01-01

the recognition of methylmercury as a cause of serious human poisonings in Minamata, Japan. Developmental neurotoxicity was first reported in 1952, but despite accumulating evidence, the vulnerability of the developing nervous system was not taken into account in risk assessment internationally until...

Sistem Reminder Donor Darah dengan Memanfaatkan Teknologi Location Based Service

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ismail Abdus Shobar

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Donor darah merupakan kegiatan kemanusiaan yang bertujuan untuk membantu anggota masyarakat yang membutuhkan darah. Kegiatan donor darah diselenggarakan dan dikelola oleh Palang Merah Indonesia. Menurut catatan Palang Merah Indonesia, secara keseluruhan kebutuhan kantung darah yang tidak terpenuhi melebihi satu juta kantung darah. Untuk itu dibutuhkan peningkatan produksi kantung darah. Salah satu solusi yang dapat dilakukan adalah perancangan suatu sistem informasi geografis (GIS yang memudahkan pendonor untuk mendonorkan darahnya kembali dengan reminder donor darah dan membantu PMI mendapatkan kantung darah. Makalah ini membahas perancangan sistem reminder donor darah dengan menggunakan teknologi location based service. Kemudian untuk menguji sistem, dibuatkan sebuah prototype dengan hasil pengujian sistem menunjukkan bahwa sistem reminder donor darah dapat memudahkan pendonor dalam mendonorkan darahnya kembali sehingga memberikan motivasi bagi pendonor untuk lebih giat dalam mendonorkan darahnya. Sistem ini berpotensi meningkatkan produktivitas PMI dalam mengumpulkan kantong darah sehingga pemenuhan kebutuhan kantung darah masyarakat dapat meningkat yang pada akhirnya dapat menyelamatkan lebih banyak nyawa manusia khususnya di Indonesia. Kata kunci: donor darah, reminder, GIS, location based service.

Pemodelan UML Sistem Informasi Geografis Pasar Tradisional Kota Pekanbaru

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Sutejo Sutejo

2017-01-01

Full Text Available AbstrakDunia sistem informasi terdapat banyak model sistem informasi, kaitan pasar dengan sistem informasi geografis adalah untuk memberikan berbagai macam informasi, terutama letak geografis pasar tersebut. Pentingnya informasi ini memberi banyak inspirasi terhadap pembuat model untuk merancang sistem-sistem yang mendekati dunia nyata. Model sistem informasi juga diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai alat prediksi kejadian di masa depan dengan mendasarkan pada data yang ada pada masa lalu dan masa sekarang. Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG ini di rancang untuk mengumpulkan data, meyimpan dan mengubah data, serta menganalisis objek beserta data geografis yang bersifat penting untuk di analisis. GIS yang disajikan dengan berbasis web pada perancangan ini juga dapat digunakan sebagai alat pemberian informasi kepada masyarakat luas. Hasil penelitian dengan pemodelan UML (Unified Modelling Language sangat membantu dalam proses perancangan sebuah sistem informasi geografis pasar tradisional serta aplikasi sistem informasi geografis pasar tradisional berbasis web ini dapat digunakan sebagai sarana informasi pasar, khususnya bagi para calon pedagang yang ingin berdagang di salah satu pasar tradisional yang ada di Kota Pekanbaru. Kata Kunci : Sistem Informasi Geografis, Web, Pasar Tradisional, Pemodelan, UML. AbstractThe world of information systems provides many models of information systems, the link of market with a geographic information system is to provide various kinds of information, specially the geographical markets. The importance of this information gives a lot of inspiration for the model makers to design systems that approximates the real world. Model of information system is also expected to be used as predictors of future events by basing on the existing data on past and present. Geographic Information Systems (GIS is designed to collect data, store and modify data, and analyzing object along with geographic data which is important for

Kajian Implementasi Standar Long-Term Evolution (LTE pada Sistem Komunikasi Taktis Militer

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Aris Pradana

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Sistem komunikasi taktis memungkinkan banyak pengguna dengan mobilitas tinggi, memiliki kemampuan network recovery dan network entry yang baik, serta diperkuat dengan sistem keamanan transmisi yang tahan terhadap jamming. Di sisi lain kemajuan telekomunikasi mendorong dikembangkannya LTE (Long-Term Evolution. LTE meningkatkan kapasitas sistem, cakupan area, high peak data rates, didukung dengan sistem keamanan yang baik guna mewujudkan pelayanan komunikasi menjadi lebih baik. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan simulasi dan pengkajian penggunaan standar teknologi LTE agar mampu mendukung dan meningkatkan kualitas sistem komunikasi taktis militer. Simulasi dilakukan untuk menguji kemampuan LTE terhadap jamming. Dari hasil simulasi dan pengkajian didapatkan bahwa sistem uplink LTE, dengan penambahan convolutional coding dan interleaver 8×8, memiliki ketahanan terhadap jamming dengan amplitudo di bawah 2,5 V, serta lebih tahan terhadap multitone-jamming pada sub-carrier yang berbeda daripada multitone-jamming pada sub-carrier yang sama. Arsitektur LTE dengan dukungan teknik AMC, AAA server, dan fast cell selection mampu mendukung sistem super network, network entry, dan network recovery pada sistem komunikasi taktis.

An in vitro cytotoxic approach to assess the toxicity of heavy metals and their binary mixtures on hippocampal HT-22 cell line.

Science.gov (United States)

Karri, Venkatanaidu; Kumar, Vikas; Ramos, David; Oliveira, Eliandre; Schuhmacher, Marta

2018-01-05

Humans are exposed to a cocktail of heavy metal toxicants in the environment. Though heavy metals are deleterious, there is a paucity of information on the toxicity of mixtures. In this study, four common neurotoxicity heavy metals lead (Pb) cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and methylmercury (MeHg) were exposed individually and as mixtures to HT-22 cell line for 8days. The study established that low dose exposures induced toxicity to the HT-22 cell line during 8days. The results indicates potency dependent response, the toxicity of single metals on the HT-22 cells; MeHg > As > Cd > Pb. The cytotoxicity data of single metals were used to determine the mixtures interaction profile by using the dose additivity and effect additivity method. Metal mixtures showed higher toxicities compared to individual metals. Synergistic, antagonistic or additive effects of the toxicity were observed in different mixtures in low dose exposure. The interactive responses of mixtures depend on the co-exposure metal and their respective concentration. We concluded that the combined effects should be considered in the risk assessment of heavy metal co-exposure and potency. In future, comprehensive mechanistic based investigations needed for understanding the real interactive mixtures effects at molecular level. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Hair Mercury Levels in Six Iranian Sub-populations for Estimation of Methylmercury Exposure: A Mini-review

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Abbas Esmaili-Sari

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Mercury is widespread and persistent in the environment. One organicform of mercury, Methylmercury (MeHg, can accumulate in the food chain in aquaticecosystems and lead to high concentrations of MeHg in fish, which, when consumed byhumans, can result in an increased risk of adverse effects. Currently, the Joint FAO/WHOExpert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA has established provisional tolerableweekly intakes (PTWIs for total mercury at 5 μg/kg body weight and for methylmercury at1.6 μg/kg body weight. Mercury concentration in blood or hair has been widely used forestimation of methylmercury exposure.Materials and Methods: In this review article, we calculated methylmercury exposurefrom hair mercury levels among six subpopulations (i.e. students, dentists, dental nurses,women with amalgam fillings, pregnant women in Mahshahr, and Women of a port town,Mahshahr, Iran. Some of the experiments had been performed by this group in previousyears.Results: The mean exposure level (μg/kg bw/day in three Iranian groups (dentists,pregnant women, and women in Mahshahr was higher than RfD and PTWIs.Conclusion: As people are exposed to methylmercury mainly through their diet,especially from fish and other marine species, pregnant women should reduce fishconsumption, especially predatory fish, and dentists should use preventive measures (likemasks and gloves.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Pilkades Menggunakan Teknologi Smart Card Sebagai Kartu Pemilih

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I Putu Indra Permana

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Pemilihan Kepala Desa (Pilkades merupakan proses yang tidak terpisahkan dari Negara Indonesia sebagai negara demokrasi. Pilkades saat ini masih menggunakan sistem pemungutan suara (voting secara konvensional, menggunakan media kertas untuk melakukan proses pemilihan. Pelaksanaan sistem voting konvensional tersebut mempunyai banyak kelemahan seperti menghitung hasil voting relatif lebih lama dan menggunakan perhitungan manual. Perkembangan dan kemajuan teknologi informasi saat ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mendukung pelaksanaan voting Pilkades secara lebih baik yang menjadi solusi cerdas akan kemajuan teknologi yang dapat menggantikan sistem voting konvensional, yaitu dengan media sistem elektronik voting (e-voting menggunakan teknologi smart card sebagai kartu pemilih. Sistem dikemas dalam bentuk aplikasi yang dipasang/di-install pada komputer dan reader/writer tools sebagai media untuk membaca/menulis pada smart card. Sistem e-voting Pilkades dengan teknologi smart card telah berhasil dijalankan dan menghasilkan dashboard hasil voting Pilkades dengan menunjukkan jumlah voting dalam bentuk angka, persentase (%, grafik dan diagram.

Methylmercury and elemental mercury differentially associate with blood pressure among dental professionals

Science.gov (United States)

Goodrich, Jaclyn M.; Wang, Yi; Gillespie, Brenda; Werner, Robert; Franzblau, Alfred; Basu, Niladri

2013-01-01

Methylmercury-associated effects on the cardiovascular system have been documented though discrepancies exist, and most studied populations experience elevated methylmercury exposures. No paper has investigated the impact of low-level elemental (inorganic) mercury exposure on cardiovascular risk in humans. The purpose of this study was to increase understanding of the association between mercury exposure (methylmercury and elemental mercury) and blood pressure measures in a cohort of dental professionals that experience background exposures to both mercury forms. Dental professionals were recruited during the 2010 Michigan Dental Association Annual Convention. Mercury levels in hair and urine samples were analyzed as biomarkers of methylmercury and elemental mercury exposure, respectively. Blood pressure (systolic, diastolic) was measured using an automated device. Distribution of mercury in hair (mean, range: 0.45, 0.02–5.18 μg/g) and urine (0.94, 0.03–5.54 μg/L) correspond well with the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Linear regression models revealed significant associations between diastolic blood pressure (adjusted for blood pressure medication use) and hair mercury (n = 262, p = 0.02). Urine mercury results opposed hair mercury in many ways. Notably, elemental mercury exposure was associated with a significant systolic blood pressure decrease (n = 262, p = 0.04) that was driven by the male population. Associations between blood pressure and two forms of mercury were found at exposure levels relevant to the general population, and associations varied according to type of mercury exposure and gender. PMID:22494934

TGFβ1 SNPs and radio-induced toxicity in prostate cancer patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fachal, Laura; Gómez-Caamaño, Antonio; Sánchez-García, Manuel; Carballo, Ana; Peleteiro, Paula; Lobato-Busto, Ramón; Carracedo, Ángel; Vega, Ana

2012-01-01

Background and purpose: We have performed a case-control study in 413 prostate cancer patients to test for association between TGFβ1 and the development of late normal-tissue toxicity among prostate cancer patients treated with three-dimensional conformational radiotherapy (3D-CRT) Materials and methods: Late gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicities were assessed for at least two years after radiotherapy in 413 patients according to CTCAEvs3 scores. Codominant genotypic tests and haplotypic analyses were undertaken to evaluate the correlation between TGFβ1 SNPs rs1800469, rs1800470 and rs1800472 and radio-induced toxicity. Results: Neither the SNPs nor the haplotypes were found to be associated with the risk of late toxicity. Conclusions: We were able to exclude up to a 2-fold increase in the risk of developing late gastrointestinal and genitourinary radio-induced toxicity due to the TGFβ1 SNPs rs1800469 and rs1800470, as well as the two most frequent TGFβ1 haplotypes.

Drug-induced liver toxicity and prevention by herbal antioxidants: an overview

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Divya eSingh

2016-01-01

Full Text Available The liver is the center for drug and xenobiotic metabolism, which is influenced most with medication/xenobiotic-mediated toxic activity. Drug-induced hepatotoxicity is common and its actual frequency is hard to determine due to underreporting, difficulties in detection or diagnosis, and incomplete observation of exposure. The death rate is high, up to about 10% for medication instigated liver danger. Endorsed medications (counting acetaminophen represented >50% of instances of intense liver failure in a study from the Acute Liver Failure Study Group (ALFSG of the patients admitted in 17 US healing facilities. Albeit different studies are accessible uncovering the mechanistic aspects of medication prompted hepatotoxicity, we are in the dilemma about the virtual story. The expanding prevalence and effectiveness of Ayurveda and herbal products in the treatment of various disorders led the investigators to look into their potential in countering drug-induced liver toxicity. Several plant products have been reported to date to mitigate the drug-induced toxicity. The dietary nature and less side reactions of the herbs provide them an extra edge over other candidates of supplementary medication. In this paper, we have discussed on the mechanism involved in drug-induced liver toxicity and the potential of herbal antioxidants as supplementary medication.

SISTEM INFORMASI DILIHAT DARI ASPEK KUALITAS INFORMASI AKUNTANSI MANAJEMEN

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Rima Rachmawati

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract. Management accounting information is generated by management accounting information systems. A quality information system capable of producing quality management accounting information. Information systems are measured by attributes; Integration, flexibility, accessibility, formalization and richness media. While management accounting information is measured by attribute; Scope, timeliness, accuracy, format and relevancy. This study aims to measure how much influence the quality of management accounting information systems to the quality of management accounting information. This research uses survey method, is descriptive and verification. Unit of analysis at the ITB Personnel Directorate. Data analysis using regression equation. The results showed that the quality of management accounting information systems affect the quality of management accounting information size variability of management accounting information quality is explained by the variable quality of management accounting information system of 98.6%. Keyword: Accounting Information Systems; Management Accounting Information; Management Accounting   Abstrak. Informasi akuntansi manajemen dihasilkan oleh sistem informasi akuntansi manajemen. Sistem informasi yang berkualitas yang mampu menghasilkan informasi akuntansi manajemen yang berkualitas. Sistem informasi diukur dengan atribut: integration, flexibility, accessibility, formalization dan media richness. Sedangkan informasi akuntansi manajemen diukur dengan atribut: scope, timeliness, accuracy, format dan relevancy. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur seberapa besar pengaruh kualitas sistem informasi akuntansi manajemen terhadap kualitas informasi akuntansi manajemen. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei, bersifat deskriptif dan verifikatif. Unit analisis pada Direktorat Kepegawaian ITB. Analisis data menggunakan persamaan regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas sistem informasi akuntansi

The effects of methylmercury exposure on behavior and biomarkers of oxidative stress in adult mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Kirkpatrick, Meg; Benoit, Janina; Everett, Wyll; Gibson, Jennifer; Rist, Michael; Fredette, Nicholas

2015-09-01

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a widely distributed environmental neurotoxin with established effects on locomotor behaviors and cognition in both human populations and animal models. Despite well-described neurobehavioral effects, the mechanisms of MeHg toxicity are not completely understood. Previous research supports a role for oxidative stress in the toxic effects of MeHg. However, comparing findings across studies has been challenging due to differences in species, methodologies (in vivo or in vitro studies), dosing regimens (acute vs. long-term) and developmental life stage. The current studies assess the behavioral effects of MeHg in adult mice in conjunction with biochemical and cellular indicators of oxidative stress using a consistent dosing regimen. In Experiment 1, adult male C57/BL6 mice were orally administered 5 mg/kg/day MeHg or the vehicle for 28 days. Impact of MeHg exposure was assessed on inverted screen and Rotor-Rod behaviors as well as on biomarkers of oxidative stress (thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) in brain and liver. In Experiment 2, brain tissue was immunohistochemically labeled for 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a biomarker of DNA oxidation and an indicator of oxidative stress, following the same dosing regimen. 8-OHdG immunoreactivity was measured in the motor cortex, the magnocellular red nucleus (RMC) and the accessory oculomotor nucleus (MA3). Significant impairments were observed in MeHg-treated animals on locomotor behaviors. TrxR and GPx was significantly inhibited in brain and liver, whereas GR activity decreased in liver and increased in brain tissue of MeHg-treated animals. Significant MeHg-induced alterations in DNA oxidation were observed in the motor cortex, the RMC and the MA3. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN PTS DI LHOKSEUMAWE MENGGUNAKAN METODE FUZZY AHP BERBASIS WEB

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- Nurdin

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Sistem Pendukung Keputusan pemilihan PTS ini bertujuan untuk memberikan dukungan pengambilan keputusan untuk pemilihan sebuah PTS di Lhokseumawe. Pada sistem ini terdapat 11 alternatif perguruan tinggi swasta dan ada 6 kriteria yang digunakan oleh sistem. Sistem ini menggunakan metode fuzzy untuk kriteriayang bobot nilainya tidak tetap, kriteria tersebut diantaranya jumlah lulusan, Jarak dengan kota, Biaya pendidikan, jumlah dosen dan pendidikan dosen serta menggunakan metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP  yaitu untuk perangkingan Perguruan Tinggi yang dipilih oleh user. Pemberian nilai fuzzy berlaku untuk setiap kriteria yang ada. Pada sistem ini juga terdapat 2 proses yakni proses pemilihan perguruan tinggi swasta dan proses membandingkan tingkat kepentingan antar kriteria. Perhitungan fuzzy pada sistem ini tidak dilakukan di dalam sistem melainkan di input oleh admin sistem yang telah dicari terlebih dahulu nilai fuzzy kriteria untuk tiap alternatif yang ada. Hasil dari proses fuzzy dan AHP dalam aplikasi ini akan menghasilkan perangkingan untuk alternatif yang dipilih oleh user.Kata kunci : Fuzzy, AHP, SPK, Pemilihan

Visual evoked potentials in children prenatally exposed to methylmercury

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Yorifuji, Takashi; Murata, Katsuyuki; Bjerve, Kristian S

2013-01-01

Prenatal exposure to methylmercury can cause both neurobehavioral deficits and neurophysiological changes. However, evidence of neurotoxic effects within the visual nervous system is inconsistent, possibly due to incomplete statistical adjustment for beneficial nutritional factors. We evaluated t...

Effects of dietary methylmercury on ring-necked pheasants

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fimreite, N

1971-01-01

The effects of methylmercury-treated grain (methylmercury dicyandiamide) on penned pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) were studied. No weight reduction in the adult birds could be ascribed to the mercury compound. Compared to the controls, mortality was lower than average in the groups that received a mercury-contaminated diet throughout the experiment, suggesting a possible therapeutic effect of mercury. Food consumption was affected only in the group that received the largest amounts of mercury. Some of the hens receiving the greatest amounts of mercury exhibited extensive demyelination of the spinal cord. Strong adverse effects on reproduction were found: the most important indication was reduced hatchability, followed by a reduced egg production and a large number of shell-less eggs. Chick survival was comparatively less affected. Egg weight was reduced significantly in most of the experimental groups, especially during the last weeks of the experiment, and the highest mercury levels produced a large number of eggs with abnormal color. 16 references, 8 figures, 9 tables.

SISTEM PENGEMBANGAN KENDALI FUZZY LOGIC BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER KELUARGA MCS51 (PetraFuz

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Thiang Thiang

1999-01-01

Full Text Available This paper presents a Fuzzy Logic Development Tool called PetraFuz which has been developed at Control System Laboratory, Electrical Engineering Department, Petra Christian University. The system consists of a hardware target based on MCS51 microcontroller and a software support running under PC Windows. The system is targeted for developing fuzzy logic based systems. It supports fuzzy logic design, evaluation, assembly language generator and downloading process to the target hardware to perform on-line fuzzy process. Process action and fuzzy parameters could be transferred to PC monitor via RS-232 serial communication, this on-line process parameters is used for fuzzy tuning, i.e. fuzzy if-then rules and fuzzy membership functions. The PetraFuz tool helps very much for Fuzzy system developments, it could reduce development time significantly. The tool could spur the development of fuzzy systems based on microcontroller systems such as fuzzy control systems, fuzzy information processing, etc. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Makalah ini menyajikan sebuah sistem pengembangan kendali fuzzy logic (PetraFuz, Petra Fuzzy Development System yang dikembangkan oleh laboratorium Sistem Kontrol, Jurusan Teknik Elektro, Universitas Kristen Petra Surabaya. Sistem ini terdiri dari perangkat keras sistem mikrokontroler MCS51 dan perangkat lunak pendukung yang berjalan pada PC. Sistem PetraFuz digunakan untuk mengembangkan sistem berbasis fuzzy logic utamanya pada bidang kendali. Kemampuan sistem meliputi pengembangan pada fase perancangan kendali, evaluasi kendali, pembentukan program bahasa assembly MCS51 dan proses downloading program menuju target sistem mikrokontroler MCS51 untuk dieksekusi melakukan kendali pada plant yang nyata. Aksi kendali dapat diakuisi oleh program PC melalui komunikasi serial RS232 sehingga respon kendali dapat digambarkan pada layar monitor untuk dilakukan analisis lebih lanjut yang diperlukan pada proses tuning if-then fuzzy rules

Streamwater fluxes of total mercury and methylmercury into and out of Lake Champlain

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shanley, James B.; Chalmers, Ann T.

2012-01-01

From 2000 to 2004, we sampled for total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) in inlet streams to Lake Champlain, targeting high flow periods to capture increases in THg and MeHg concentrations with increasing flow. We used these data to model stream THg and MeHg fluxes for Water Years 2001 through 2009. In this mountainous forested basin with a high watershed-to-lake area ratio of 18, fluvial export from the terrestrial watershed was the dominant source of Hg to the lake. Unfiltered THg and MeHg fluxes were dominated by the particulate fraction; about 40% of stream THg was in the filtered ( −2 yr −1 , or about 13% of atmospheric Hg wet and dry deposition to the basin. THg export from the lake represented only about 3% of atmospheric Hg input to the basin. - Highlights: ► We monitored total mercury and methylmercury in major tributaries to Lake Champlain. ► Mercury and methylmercury export was primarily as particulates during high flow. ► Only 13% of atmospheric total mercury input reached the lake via streams. ► Only 3% of atmospheric total mercury input reached the lake outlet. - Eighty-seven percent of total mercury deposition to the Lake Champlain basin is retained in the terrestrial basin; stream export of total and methylmercury to the lake is primarily in the particulate phase.

Incidence of invasive macrophytes on methylmercury budget in temperate lakes: Central role of bacterial periphytic communities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gentès, Sophie; Monperrus, Mathilde; Legeay, Alexia; Maury-Brachet, Régine; Davail, Stephane; André, Jean-Marc; Guyoneaud, Rémy

2013-01-01

Several studies demonstrated high mercury (Hg) methylation and demethylation in the periphyton associated with floating roots in tropical ecosystems. The importance of aquatic plants on methylmercury production in three temperate ecosystems from south-western France was evaluated through Hg species concentrations, and Hg methylation/demethylation activities by using stable isotopic tracers ( 199 Hg(II), Me 201 Hg). Hg accumulation and high methylation and demethylation yields were detected in plant roots and periphyton, whereas results for sediment and water were low to insignificant. The presence of sulfate reducing prokaryotes was detected in all compartments (T-RFLP based on dsrAB amplified through nested PCR) and their main role in Hg methylation could be demonstrated. In turn, sulfate reduction inhibition did not affect demethylation activities. The estimation of net MeHg budgets in these ecosystems suggested that aquatic rhizosphere is the principal location for methylmercury production and may represent an important source for the contamination of the aquatic food chain. - Highlights: ► Both Hg methylation and demethylation occur in the periphyton of temperate ecosystems. ► Aquatic rhizosphere is the main compartment for net methylmercury production. ► Sulfate reducers are detected in all ecosystem compartments (water, sediment, periphyton). ► Sulfate reducers are responsible for methylmercury production in aquatic roots. - The incidence of periphytic microbial communities on net methylmercury production is highlighted in temperate aquatic ecosystems.

SISTEM INFORMASI PRESENSI DAN PENGGAJIAN KARYAWAN DI TOKO BOBOHOMART BANJARNEGARA

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Dwi Nurdiani

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini berjudul Sistem Informasi Presensi Dan Penggajian Karyawan Di Toko Bobohomart Banjarnegara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat Sistem Informasi Presensi Dan Penggajian Karyawan Di Toko Bobohomart Banjarnegara agar data dan informasi yang didapat akurat. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah   observasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan adalah metode SDLC (System Development Life Cycle dengan menggunakan alat  bantu  perancangan  berupa  DFD  dan  ERD.  Perangkat  lunak  pendukung  yang digunakan dalam perancangan program aplikasi ini yaitu Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 dan menggunakan database MySQL. Dengan adanya Sistem Informasi Presensi Dan Penggajian Karyawan ini, diharapkan dapat membantu petugas dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaan, dan dapat  meminimalisir  tingkat  kesalahan  yang  dilakukan  oleh  petugas  dalam  mengolah presensi dan penggajian karyawan. Kata Kunci : Sistem Informasi Presensi dan Penggajian Karyawan, SDLC, Microsoft Visual Studio 2012.

Sistem Informasi Pada Perusahaan Otobus (Po) Waspada Bengkulu Berbasis Web

OpenAIRE

-, Khairil; Koesoemanegara, Eddy

2011-01-01

Web Sistem Informasi pada PO. Waspada Bengkulu berguna sebagai pusat informasi dan sarana promosi untuk mempilkan profil Perusahaan dan juga untuk menawarkan produk dan pelayanan yang ditawarkan oleh PO. Waspada. Sistem informasi ini ditujukan agar PO. Waspada lebih dikenal oleh masyarakat dan akhirnya dapat meningkatkan jumlah penumpang yang menggunakan jasa PO. Waspada Bengkulu.Web Sistem Informasi PO. Waspada Bengkulu dikembangkan menggunakan web editor Adobe Dreamweaver dengan web promgra...

SISTEM INFORMASI PENJUALAN VOUCHER BELANJA PADA PT. PLAZA INDONESIA REALITY Tbk. JAKARTA

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Baginda Oloan Lubis

2016-05-01

  ABSTRAK - PT. Plaza Indonesia Realty Tbk. Jakarta dalam penjualan voucher yang transaksinya dimulai dari pencatatan voucher yang masuk, pencatatan data pelanggan, pembuatan faktur penjualan voucher, pencatatan serah terima voucher dengan pelanggan  sampai pembuatan laporan  masih dilakukan secara manual, sehingga memungkinkan pada saat proses berlangsung sering terjadi kesalahan dalam pencatatan, kurang akuratnya laporan yang dibuat dan keterlambatan dalam pencarian data pada saat dibutuhkan. Untuk itu dibutuhkan adanya suatu rancangan program yang akan menunjang kegiatan sistem penjualan voucher yang memudahkan user dan mempercepat transakasi dengan pelanggan dan pembuatan laporan. Model pengembangan sistem yang digunakan dalam pembuatan sistem informasi ini adalah SDCL (System Development Life Cycle air terjun (Waterfall atau alur hidup klasik atau classic life. Tahapan-tahapan yang dilalui dalam proses analisis dan perancangan sistem antara lain: analisa kebutuhan sistem, desain, kode generator, testing dan pendukung. Dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dengan adanya sistem informasi penjualan voucher ini dapat membantu user dalam hal ini disebut concierge pada PT. Plaza Indonesia Realty Tbk. Jakarta dalam melakukan transaksi penjualan sampai dengan pembuatan laporan terakomodasi Kata kunci: Sistem Informasi, Penjualan Voucher, SDLC

SISTEM INFORMASI DAN PENGOLAHAN DATA GAJI KARYAWAN PADA RITA PASARAYA KEBONDALEM PURWOKERTO

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Nyoman Heddy Triyodanta

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini berjudul "Sistem Informasi dan Pengolahan Data GajiKaryawan pada Rita Pasaraya Kebondalem Purwokerto". Tujuan dari penelitian iniodalah untuk mengetahui prosedur sistem informasi pengolahan data gaji karynvanyang sedang berjalan atau sedang dipakai pada Rita Pasaraya KebondalemPurwoketo, yang masih dilakukan dengan proses manual dan pada akhirnyadirancang suatu sistem informasi yang lebih baik. Merancang sistem informasi yangberbasis komputer untuk membantu mengatasi kelemahan dalam pengolahan datamenjadi informasi sesuai dengan kebutuhan user. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwapengolahan data di Rita Pasaraya Kebondalem Purwokerto mosih menggunakansistem manual. Sistem yang baru yaitu komputerisasi akan lebih tepat biladipergunakan untuk kehandalan data gaji karyawan. Selain sistem yang baru secarakomputerisasi kedisiplinan pemakai juga perlu ditingkatkan, secara fasilitastambahan selain ruangan khusus yaitu adanya Air Condisioner (AC pada ruangkomputer untuk membuat awet secara perangkat keras komputer dan komputer dapatdihidupkan secara terus menerus. Sistem yang baru aknn menambah kepercayaanImryawan dan pihak lain yang membutuhkan karena akurat, tepat dan handal. Sertapengambilan keputusan tentang kondisi data gaji karyawan dapat lebih alatrat dancepat yang tidak lain dapat meningkatkan kinerja karyawan terhadap perusahaan.

Perancangan Aplikasi Ujian Online Jurusan Sistem Komputer Universitas Diponegoro

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Tristy Meinawati

2013-09-01

Full Text Available E-service adalah istilah untuk suatu layanan elektronik yang memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi untuk mempermudah penggunanya untuk melakukan suatu aktifitas tertentu. Salah satu manfaat dari e-service adalah akses yang lebih luas. Salah satu aplikasi dari e-service adalah aplikasi ujian online. Aplikasi ujian online adalah aplikasi yang bertujuan mempermudah melakukan ujian, yaitu  secara online. Aplikasi ujian online difokuskan  untuk ujian penerimaan mahasiswa baru pada Jurusan Sistem Komputer karena Jurusan Sistem Komputer tersebut berkaitan erat dengan teknologi informasi sehingga sewajarnya jika penerimaan mahasiswa baru dilaksanakan secara online. Dengan menggunakan sebuah sistem basis data, ujian online ini diharapkan mempermudah sistem ujian dalam menampilkan soal-soal maupun penilaian sehingga mempermudah user untuk menggunakannya serta bagi administrator untuk mengelola soal. Dalam e-service yang dibuat kali ini adalah menggunakan PHP sebagai program aplikasi dan MySQL sebagai server basis data yang sudah terangkum dalam satu aplikasi XAMPP. Dengan adanya aplikasi ini diharapkan menambah minat masyarakat terhadap Jurusan Sistem Komputer Universitas Diponegoro, dan juga mempermudah pengguna untuk melakukan ujian secara online dan tidak perlu menggunakan alat tulis untuk melakukan pengerjaan.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI KOPERASI DAN UMKM BERBASIS TECHNOPRENEUR

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Dony Waluya Firdaus

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract. The design of Accounting Information System of Cooperatives and UMKM based on Technopreneur can assist Cooperative and UMKM in presenting Financial Statement and produce accountable financial statements Accounting system development method using Rapid Application Development (RAD adjust the pace Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC in design using DFD and flowchart. UMKM and Cooperative accounting information system using Enterprise Resource Planning. Keywords: Design; Accounting information system; Cooperative; UMKM; ERP Abstrak. Perancangan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Koperasi dan UMKM berbasis technopreneur dapat membantu Koperasi dan UMKM dalam menyajikan Laporan Keuangan dan menghasilkan laporan keuangan yang akuntabel. Metode pengembangan sistem informasi akuntansi menggunakan Rapid Application Development (RAD menyesuaikan pase Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC dalam perancangan menggunakan DFD dan flowchart. Sistem informasi akuntansi UMKM dan Koperasi menggunakan Enterprise Resources Planning. Keywords: Perancangan; Sistem Informasi Akuntansi; Koperasi; UMKM; ERP

Determination of total and methylmercury compounds in the IAEA human hair intercomparison samples - Experience of the IAEA-MEL

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Horvat, M.; Liang, L.; Mandic, V.

1995-01-01

The programme of this CRP is focused on the analyses of human hair samples. There are only two human hair samples certified for total mercury, and no RMs for methylmercury compounds is available. One of the main objectives of this CRP is to produce, through the IAEA AQCS Programme, a human hair intercomparison material for quality assurance requirements in population monitoring programmes for total and methylmercury exposure. Through the reporting period, MESL has introduced a new method for simultaneous determination of total and methylmercury in biological samples. As the laboratory has close collaboration with the CRP's Reference Laboratory in Ljubljana, Slovenia, it has also been actively involved in the quality assurance component of this CRP. This report represents a summary on the results for total and methylmercury in two intercomparison samples, IAEA-085 and IAEA-086 using newly developed method

SISTEM INFORMASI KEUANGAN SESUAI STANDAR BAN-PT TERINTEGRASI SISFO KAMPUS 4.1

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Syahiduzzaman Syahiduzzaman

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Abstrak-Standar keuangan adalah salah satu standar yang dinilai dalam instrumen BAN-PT, yaitu pada standar 6.1. Pengelolaan keuangan sebuah perguruan tinggi harus memenuhi standar tersebut. Untuk dapat mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat pemenuhan standar diperlukan penilaian. Sistem informasi keuangan yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini digunakan untuk memasukkan data transaksi keuangan, mencatatnya dalam sistem akuntansi, dan melaporkannya. Laporan-laporan yang disajikan berbentuk tabel dan grafik yang menyatakan kinerja keuangan dan diukur sesuai dengan standar 6.1. BAN-PT. Sistem informasi keuangan ini, juga terintegrasi dengan SISFOKAMPUS 4.1 yang merupakan sistem informasi akademik open source yang berbasis web. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sistem informasi keuangan dengan fungsi khusus yaitu menilai kinerja keuangan yang sesuai dengan standar 6.1. BAN-PT yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan audit internal.   Kata kunci: Standar 6.1. BAN-PT, Sistem Informasi Keuangan, SISFOKAMPUS 4.1.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI DANA DESA DI KABUPATEN KUDUS

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Pratomo Setiaji

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Kudus merupakan Kabupaten terkecil di Jawa Tengah dengan luas wilayah mencapai 2.516 Ha yang terbagi dalam 9 Kecamatan, desa yang ada di Kabupaten Kudus berjumlah 123 dimana pada tahun ini mendapatkan alokasi dana desa sebesar Rp 1,4 miliar, alokasi dana desa tidak akan dibagi rata. Alokasi dana untuk setiap desa disesuaikan dengan sejumlah kriteria seperti jumlah penduduk, tingkat kesejahteraan, serta sejumlah kriteria lainnya. Permasalahan yang timbul adalah mekanisme perencanaan dan penggunaan yang belum terdata dengan baik Permasalah tersebut dapat diatasi dengan penyajian informasi yang baik dan transparan, untuk itu diperlukan sebuah Sistem informasi dana desa untuk pengelolaan dana desa menggunakan metode waterfall. sistem informasi ini sangat berguna untuk memonitor dana desa dan serapan yang dilaksanakan tiap desa secara real time, juga sebagai informasi bagi kepala desa maupun pemangku kebijakan di Kabupaten Kudus untuk menetapkan sebuah kebijakan Penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah model perancangan sistem yang berikan model waterfall dalam bentuk diagram use case, struktur penyimpanan data dan desain tampilan aplikasi. Kata kunci: Sistem Informasi, dana desa.

Milk diets influence doxorubicin-induced intestinal toxicity in piglets

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Shen, R. L.; Pontoppidan, P. E.; Rathe, M.

2016-01-01

Chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity is a common adverse effect of cancer treatment. We used preweaned piglets as models to test our hypothesis that the immunomodulatory and GI trophic effects of bovine colostrum would reduce the severity of GI complications associated with doxorub......Chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity is a common adverse effect of cancer treatment. We used preweaned piglets as models to test our hypothesis that the immunomodulatory and GI trophic effects of bovine colostrum would reduce the severity of GI complications associated...... to assess markers of small intestinal function and inflammation. All DOX-treated animals developed diarrhea, growth deficits, and leukopenia. However, the intestines of DOX-Colos pigs had lower intestinal permeability, longer intestinal villi with higher activities of brush border enzymes, and lower tissue...

SISTEM PENGGAJIAN BERBASIS WEB DI DIRCOMNET YOGYAKARTA

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Taufiq Ismail

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Dircomnet Yogyakarta adalah suatu badan usaha yang bergerak di bidang jasa persewaan akses internet, perawatan komputer, dan pemasangan jaringan internet, memiliki banyak pegawai yang digaji setiap bulannya. Pimpinan sering menangani order pekerjaan secara langsung di luar kantor. Masalah timbul ketika pimpinan membutuhkan laporan penggajian dan memberikan kebijakan penggajian pegawai ketika di luar kantor. Karyawan ingin mengetahui berapa jumlah gaji beserta rinciannya. Berdasar persoalan tersebut, perlu dibangun suatu sistem penggajian real time yang dapat menampilkan laporan penggajian dan memberikan kebijakan penggajian yang dapat diakses dari manapun, serta rinci gaji karyawan yang akan diterima. Penelitian meliputi pengumpulan data dengan studi pustaka, wawancara dan observasi. Kemudian melakukan analisis data, perancangan sistem meliputi DAD dan ERD, perancangan menu, input dan output, serta perancangan WAP. Program dibangun dengan sistem operasi Windows XP, Internet Explorer, MySql front, Dreamweaver MX, Openwave Simulator, Apache, menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, dan terakhir menguji program dengan metode black box test dan alpha test. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh sistem penggajian berbasis web yang dapat memberikan laporan penggajian kepada pimpinan dimanapun berada, pegawai dapat mengetahui rinci gaji diteriman, dan mengoreksi kesalahan pembayaran gaji. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian program, disimpulkan bahwa program dapat berjalan dengan baik dan sudah memenuhi kebutuhan pemakai serta layak diimplementasikan. Kata kunci : Internet, penggajian,WAP, web.

Methylmercury Exposure and Incident Diabetes in U.S. Men and Women in Two Prospective Cohorts

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mozaffarian, Dariush; Shi, Peilin; Morris, J Steven

2013-01-01

compared, and in analyses stratified by fish or omega-3 consumption, BMI, and age.CONCLUSIONSThese findings from two separate large prospective cohorts do not support adverse effects of methylmercury on development of diabetes in men or women at usual levels of exposure seen in these populations.......OBJECTIVEEmerging in vitro and animal evidence suggests that methylmercury could increase type 2 diabetes, but little evidence exists in humans. We aimed to prospectively determine associations of mercury exposure, as assessed by biomarker measurement, with incident diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN...... AND METHODSWe used neutron activation analysis to measure toenail mercury, an objective biomarker of methylmercury exposure, in 9,267 adults free of diabetes at baseline in two separate U.S. prospective cohorts. Incident diabetes was identified from biennial questionnaires and confirmed by validated...

Riboflavin ameliorates cisplatin induced toxicities under photoillumination.

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Iftekhar Hassan

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Cisplatin is an effective anticancer drug that elicits many side effects mainly due to induction of oxidative and nitrosative stresses during prolonged chemotherapy. The severity of these side effects consequently restricts its clinical use under long term treatment. Riboflavin is an essential vitamin used in various metabolic redox reactions in the form of flavin adenine dinucleotide and flavin mononucleotide. Besides, it has excellent photosensitizing property that can be used to ameliorate these toxicities in mice under photodynamic therapy. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Riboflavin, cisplatin and their combinations were given to the separate groups of mice under photoilluminated condition under specific treatment regime. Their kidney and liver were excised for comet assay and histopathological studies. Furthermore, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy of riboflavin-cisplatin combination in vitro was also conducted to investigate any possible interaction between the two compounds. Their comet assay and histopathological examination revealed that riboflavin in combination with cisplatin was able to protect the tissues from cisplatin induced toxicities and damages. Moreover, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis of the combination indicated a strong molecular interaction among their constituent groups that may be assigned for the protective effect of the combination in the treated animals. CONCLUSION: Inclusion of riboflavin diminishes cisplatin induced toxicities which may possibly make the cisplatin-riboflavin combination, an effective treatment strategy under chemoradiotherapy in pronouncing its antineoplastic activity and sensitivity towards the cancer cells as compared to cisplatin alone.

The fungicide mancozeb induces toxic effects on mammalian granulosa cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Paro, Rita; Tiboni, Gian Mario; Buccione, Roberto; Rossi, Gianna; Cellini, Valerio; Canipari, Rita; Cecconi, Sandra

2012-01-01

The ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate mancozeb is a widely used fungicide with low reported toxicity in mammals. In mice, mancozeb induces embryo apoptosis, affects oocyte meiotic spindle morphology and impairs fertilization rate even when used at very low concentrations. We evaluated the toxic effects of mancozeb on the mouse and human ovarian somatic granulosa cells. We examined parameters such as cell morphology, induction of apoptosis, and p53 expression levels. Mouse granulosa cells exposed to mancozeb underwent a time- and dose-dependent modification of their morphology, and acquired the ability to migrate but not to proliferate. The expression level of p53, in terms of mRNA and protein content, decreased significantly in comparison with unexposed cells, but no change in apoptosis was recorded. Toxic effects could be attributed, at least in part, to the presence of ethylenthiourea (ETU), the main mancozeb catabolite, which was found in culture medium. Human granulosa cells also showed dose-dependent morphological changes and reduced p53 expression levels after exposure to mancozeb. Altogether, these results indicate that mancozeb affects the somatic cells of the mammalian ovarian follicles by inducing a premalignant-like status, and that such damage occurs to the same extent in both mouse and human GC. These results further substantiate the concept that mancozeb should be regarded as a reproductive toxicant. Highlights: ► The fungicide mancozeb affects oocyte spindle morphology and fertilization rate. ► We investigated the toxic effects of mancozeb on mouse and human granulosa cells. ► Granulosa cells modify their morphology and expression level of p53. ► Mancozeb induces a premalignant-like status in exposed cells.

The fungicide mancozeb induces toxic effects on mammalian granulosa cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Paro, Rita [Department of Health Sciences, University of L' Aquila, Via Vetoio, L' Aquila (Italy); Tiboni, Gian Mario [Department of Medicine and Aging, Section of Reproductive Sciences, University “G. D' Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara (Italy); Buccione, Roberto [Tumor Cell Invasion Laboratory, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti (Italy); Rossi, Gianna; Cellini, Valerio [Department of Health Sciences, University of L' Aquila, Via Vetoio, L' Aquila (Italy); Canipari, Rita [Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Section of Histology and Embryology, School of Pharmacy and Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome (Italy); Cecconi, Sandra, E-mail: sandra.cecconi@cc.univaq.it [Department of Health Sciences, University of L' Aquila, Via Vetoio, L' Aquila (Italy)

2012-04-15

The ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate mancozeb is a widely used fungicide with low reported toxicity in mammals. In mice, mancozeb induces embryo apoptosis, affects oocyte meiotic spindle morphology and impairs fertilization rate even when used at very low concentrations. We evaluated the toxic effects of mancozeb on the mouse and human ovarian somatic granulosa cells. We examined parameters such as cell morphology, induction of apoptosis, and p53 expression levels. Mouse granulosa cells exposed to mancozeb underwent a time- and dose-dependent modification of their morphology, and acquired the ability to migrate but not to proliferate. The expression level of p53, in terms of mRNA and protein content, decreased significantly in comparison with unexposed cells, but no change in apoptosis was recorded. Toxic effects could be attributed, at least in part, to the presence of ethylenthiourea (ETU), the main mancozeb catabolite, which was found in culture medium. Human granulosa cells also showed dose-dependent morphological changes and reduced p53 expression levels after exposure to mancozeb. Altogether, these results indicate that mancozeb affects the somatic cells of the mammalian ovarian follicles by inducing a premalignant-like status, and that such damage occurs to the same extent in both mouse and human GC. These results further substantiate the concept that mancozeb should be regarded as a reproductive toxicant. Highlights: ► The fungicide mancozeb affects oocyte spindle morphology and fertilization rate. ► We investigated the toxic effects of mancozeb on mouse and human granulosa cells. ► Granulosa cells modify their morphology and expression level of p53. ► Mancozeb induces a premalignant-like status in exposed cells.

Extraction of methylmercury from tissue and plant samples by acid leaching

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hintelmann, Holger; Nguyen, Hong T. [Trent University, Chemistry Department, Peterborough, ON (Canada)

2005-01-01

A simple and efficient extraction method based on acidic leaching has been developed for measurement of methylmercury (MeHg) in benthic organisms and plant material. Methylmercury was measured by speciated isotope-dilution mass spectrometry (SIDMS), using gas chromatography interfaced with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (GC-ICP-MS). Reagent concentration and digestion temperature were optimized for several alkaline and acidic extractants. Recovery was evaluated by addition of MeHg enriched with CH{sub 3}{sup 201}Hg{sup +}. Certified reference materials (CRM) were used to evaluate the efficiency of the procedure. The final digestion method used 5 mL of 4 mol L{sup -1} HNO{sub 3} at 55 C to leach MeHg from tissue and plant material. The digest was further processed by aqueous phase ethylation, without interference with the ethylation step, resulting in 96{+-}7% recovery of CH{sub 3}{sup 201}Hg{sup +} from oyster tissue and 93{+-}7% from pine needles. Methylmercury was stable in this solution for at least 1 week and measured concentrations of MeHg in CRM were statistically not different from certified values. The method was applied to real samples of benthic invertebrates and inter-laboratory comparisons were conducted using lyophilized zooplankton, chironomidae, and notonectidae samples. (orig.)

SISTEM TOMOGRAFI IMPEDANSI LISTRIK SEBAGAI SARANA UJI TAK RUSAK SEDERHANA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Khusnul Ain

2013-03-01

Telah dilakukan penelitian rancang bangun sistem tomografi impedansi listrik sederhana sebagai sarana uji tak rusak. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara membangun peralatan dan sistem instrumentasi yang diperlukan, yaitu phantom dan instrumen sumber arus bolak balik. Phantom terbuat dari silinder dari PVC yang memiliki diameter 25 cm dan tinggi 6 cm dengan 16 elektroda berbentuk persegi panjang dengan lebar 2,45 cm dan tinggi 6 cm yang terpasang pada permukaan dalam phantom. Sistem instrumen sumber arus listrik bolak-balik dibangun berbasis OpAm LM4562. Proses pemindaian dilakukan dengan cara menginjeksikan arus listrik pada sepasang elektroda dan mengukur potensial listrik antar elektroda dengan metode koleksi data berpasangan, sehingga diperoleh 256 data lengkap. Data hasil pemindaian kemudian direkonstruksi dengan metode Newton Raphson. Analisis hasil dilakukan secara visual dengan cara membandingkan antara citra rekonstruksi terhadap objek uji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem tomografi dapat menghasilkan citra rekonstruksi yang cukup baik sehingga menjanjikan untuk digunakan sebagai media uji tak rusak dan digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran dalam rangka memahami prinsip dasar dan mekanisme sistem tomografi impedansi listrik.

Methylmercury in water, sediment, and invertebrates in created wetlands of Rouge Park, Toronto, Canada

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sinclair, Kathleen A.; Xie Qun; Mitchell, Carl P.J.

2012-01-01

Thousands of hectares of wetlands are created annually because wetlands provide beneficial ecosystem services. Wetlands are also key sites for production of the bioaccumulative neurotoxin methylmercury (MeHg), but little is known about MeHg production in created systems. Here, we studied methylmercury in sediment, water, and invertebrates in created wetlands of various ages. Sediment MeHg reached 8 ng g −1 in the newest wetland, which was significantly greater than in natural, control wetlands. This trend was mirrored in several invertebrate taxa, whose concentrations reached as high as 1.6 μg g −1 in the newest wetland, above levels thought to affect reproduction in birds. The MeHg concentrations in created wetland invertebrate taxa generally decreased with increasing wetland age, possibly due to a combination of deeper anoxia and less organic matter accumulation in younger wetlands. A short-term management intervention and/or improved engineering design may be necessary to reduce the mercury-associated risk in newly created wetlands. - Highlights: ► Investigated methylmercury accumulation in created wetland ecosystems. ► Concentrations and bioaccumulation significantly elevated in new created wetlands. ► Short-term effect may be due to deeper anoxia, less organic matter in new wetlands. ► Intervention or improved design required to reduce short-term ecological risk. - Sediment methylmercury concentrations and bioaccumulation in many invertebrate taxa are significantly elevated in newly created wetlands.

SISTEM BERBASIS KASUS UNTUK MENENTUKAN TINGKAT RESIKO KOMPLIKASI AKIBAT DIABETES MELITUS

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Lukman Effendi

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Sistem berbasis kasus untuk menentukan tingkat resiko komplikasi akibat diabetes  mellitus ini merupakan suatu sistem pakar yang dirancang sebagai alat bantu untuk mendiagnosis penyakit komplikasi akibat diabetes mellitus khusus pada penderita diabetes mellitus dengan basis pengetahuan yang dinamis. Pengetahuan ini didapat dari berbagai sumber diantaranya penelitian dan seminar yang dilakukan pakar dalam bidangnya serta buku yang berhubungan dengan penyakit komplikasi diabetes mellitus. Basis pengetahuan disusun sedemikian rupa ke dalam suatu database dengan beberapa tabel diantaranya tabel gejala, tabel penyakit, tabel hasil laboratorium dan tabel aturan untuk mempermudah kinerja system dalam pengambilan kesimpulan. Pengambilan kesimpulan dalam sistem berbasis kasus ini menggunakan metode Case-Based Reasoning. Sistem berbasis kasus ini akan menampilkan pilihan gejala dan hasil laboratorium yang dapat dipilih oleh asisten atau dokter. Pada hasil akhir sistem berbasis kasus akan menampilkan hasil diagnosis komplikasi diabetes mellitus beserta nilai threshold, nilai perhitungan dan  penatalaksnaan.

[Evaluation of Brodifacoum-induced Toxicity by Metabonomics Approach Based on HPLC-TOF-MS].

Science.gov (United States)

Yan, H; Zhuo, X Y; Shen, B H; Xiang, P; Shen, M

2017-06-01

To analyse the metabolic changes in urine of rats with brodifacoum intoxication, and to reveal the molecular mechanism of brodifacoum-induced toxicity on rats. By establishing a brodifacoum poisoning rats model, the urine metabolic profiling data of rats were acquired using high performance liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry （HPLC-TOF-MS）. The orthogonal partial least squares analysis-discrimination analysis （OPLS-DA） was applied for the multivariate statistics and the discovery of differential metabolites closely related to toxicity of brodifacoum. OPLS-DA score plot showed that the urinary metabolic at different time points before and after drug administration had good similarity within time period and presented clustering phenomenon. Comparing the urine samples of rats before drug administration with which after drug administration, twenty-two metabolites related to brodifacoum-induced toxicity were selected. The toxic effect of brodifacoum worked by disturbing the metabolic pathways in rats such as tricarboxylic cycle, glycolysis, sphingolipid metabolism and tryptophan metabolism, and the toxicity of brodifacoum is characterized of accumulation effect. The metabonomic method based on urine HPLC-TOF-MS can provide a novel insight into the study on molecular mechanism of brodifacoum-induced toxicity. Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Forensic Medicine

Cytoprotective effects of dietary flavonoids against cadmium-induced toxicity.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Xia; Jiang, Xinwei; Sun, Jianxia; Zhu, Cuijuan; Li, Xiaoling; Tian, Lingmin; Liu, Liu; Bai, Weibin

2017-06-01

Cadmium (Cd) damages the liver, kidney, bones, reproductive system, and other organs. Flavonoids, such as anthocyanins and flavonols, which are commonly found in plant foods, have shown protective effects against Cd-induced damage. The cytoprotective effects of flavonoids against Cd-induced diseases are mainly attributable to three mechanisms. First, flavonoids clear reactive oxygen species, thereby reducing lipid peroxide production and improving the activity of antioxidation enzymes. Second, flavonoids chelate Cd, thus reducing the accumulation of Cd and altering the levels of other essential metal ions in vivo. Third, flavonoids reduce DNA damage and inhibit apoptosis. In addition, flavonoids were found to inhibit inflammation and fibrosis and improve glycometabolism and the secretion of reproductive hormones. We introduce the daily dosage and absorption rate of flavonoids and then focus on their bioactive effects against Cd-induced toxicity and reveal the underlying metabolic pathway, which provides a basis for further study of the nutritional prevention of Cd-induced injury. In particular, a better understanding is needed of the structure-activity relationship of flavonoids against Cd toxicity, which has not yet been reported. © 2017 New York Academy of Sciences.

Speciation of methylmercury and ethylmercury by gas chromatography cold vapor atomic fluresence spectroscopy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boggess, A. [Savannah River Site (SRS), Aiken, SC (United States). Savannah River National Lab. (SRNL)

2017-09-28

Existing models and simulants of tank disposition media at SRS have presumed the presence of high concentrations of inorganic mercury. However, recent quarterly tank analyses show that mercury is present as organomercurial species at concentrations that may present challenges to remediation and disposition and may exceed the Saltstone Waste Acceptance Criteria (WAC). To-date, methylmercury analysis for Savannah River Remediation (SRR) has been performed off-site by Eurofins Scientific (Lancaster, PA). A series of optimization and validation experiments has been performed at SRNL, which has resulted in the development of on-site organomercury speciation capabilities using purge and trap gas chromatography coupled with thermal desorption cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (P&T GC/CVAFS). Speciation has been achieved for methylmercury, with a method reporting limit (MRL) values of 1.42 pg for methylmercury. Results obtained by SRNL from the analysis of past quarterly samples from tanks 21, 40, and 50 have demonstrated statistically indistinguishable concentration values compared with the concentration data obtained from Eurofins, while the data from SRNL has demonstrated significantly improved precision and processing time.

DESAIN DAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM KENDALI INTENSITAS CAHAYA PPR MENGGUNAKAN SMS BERBASIS REMOTE CONTROL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohammad Khairuddin

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Makalah ini membahas kendali jarak jauh intensitas cahaya piranti penerangan ruang (PPR secara efisien menggunakan short message service (SMS berbasis remote control. Dengan sistem kendali berbasis SMS sebagai remote control maka semua PPR dapat dikendalikan dari manapun di seluruh penjuru tanah air dengan syarat tempat tersebut terjangkau oleh sinyal telekomunikasi yang disediakan oleh provider. Sistem ini didesain untuk memenuhi arahan hemat energi oleh Kementerian Energi dan Pertambangan. Sistem kendali intensitas cahaya PPR menggunakan SMS berbasis remote control ini sebagai terobosan sistem saklar manual yang selama ini dibatasi oleh ruang secara fisik. Kemudahan penggunaan handphone (HP telah menjadi peluang bagi sistem saklar PPR. Didukung dengan semakin murahnya biaya berkomunikasi melalui SMS. Peluang ini mendukung kemudahan pengguna HP dengan menambah fitur sistem kendali intensitas cahaya PPR menggunakan SMS berbasis remote control. Sistem kendali jarak jauh menggunakan server modem wavecom fastrack supreme. Sistem ini menggunakan prosesor ATmega8 dengan interfacing menggunakan RS232. Hasil eksperimen menunjukan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan waktu terhadap variabel jarak posisi PPR dengan HP pengirim SMS selaku comander untuk eksekusi pengaturan intensitas cahaya. Dengan rerata waktu jeda 4,38 detik. Semakin besar prosentase sudut pemicuan TRIAC maka akan semakin besar nilai intensitas cahaya. Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan terhadap lama waktu hasil eksekusi terhadap variasi provider yang digunakan.

METHYLMERCURY EFFECTS ON NEUROTROPHIN SIGNALING IN PC12 CELLS.

Science.gov (United States)

Exposure to methylmercury (CH 3 Hg) can cause disruption in the development of the nervous system but the underlying mechanism of action is unclear. Previous in vivo studies in our laboratory have shown that developmental exposure to CH 3 Hg resulted in changes in neurotrophic fa...

PERANCANGAN SISTEM PENILAIAN KINERJA DI STT ADISUTJIPTO SEBAGAI PENDUKUNG SISTEM PENJAMINAN MUTU

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yasrin Zabidi

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Adisutjipto (STTA sebagai sebuah perguruan tinggi yang baru terbentuk sangatlah perlu untuk membentuk Sistem Pengukuran Kinerja (SPK demi terciptanya visi dan misi. SPK yang baik haruslah terintegrasi untuk semua unit dan aktivitas di perguruan tinggi. Indikator kinerja yang terbentuk tidak hanya berupa indikator kinerja finansial (keuangan tetapi juga indikator kinerja nonfinansial. Oleh karena itu peneliti mencoba merancang sistem pengukuran kinerja dengan melibatkan indikator kinerja finansial dan nonfinansial. Prores perancangan SPK menggunakan model Balanced Scorecard , yaitu keseimbangan antara finansial dan nonfinansial dengan didasarkan pada langkah-langkah (framework yaitu penetapan arsitek pengukuran, penentuan tujuan strategis (strategic objectives dari masing-masing perspektif (finansial, pelanggan, proses bisnis internal, belajar dan tumbuh, penentuan Key Performance Indicators (KPI dan penentuan target. Indikator-indikator kinerja (key performance indicators yang terbentuk dalam penelitian ini ada 45 indikator kinerja. Untuk melakukan penilaian kinerja adalah menggunakan lembar kerja pengukuran kinerja yang dirancang sedemikian rupa sehingga dapat memberikan gambaran mengenai kinerja.

IMPLEMENTASI ALGORITMA MONTE CARLO PADA SISTEM INFORMASI PENERIMAAN PESERTA DIDIK BARU (PPDB SECARA ONLINE

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Muhammad Rizki Irwanto

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengimplementasikan algoritma pada sistem in­formasi Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru (PPDB secara online.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam pengembangan sistem informasi ini adalah metode pe­ngem­bang­an Waterfall. Tahap-tahap dalam metode pengembangan Waterfall, ada­lah: (1 de­finisi kebutuhan sistem, (2 desain sistem dan perangkat lunak, (3 im­ple­men­tasi dan pengujian unit, (4 integrasi dan sistem, dan (5 operasi dan pemeliharaan. Hasil uji coba sis­tem informasi oleh ahli rekayasa web dan admin sebesar 100,00%. Data hasil uji coba sistem informasi oleh guru sebesar 84,10%. Sedangkan data hasil uji coba sis­tem informasi oleh siswa sebesar 87,20%. Dari  data hasil uji coba di atas, dapat di­sim­pulkan bahwa sistem informasi ini sudah valid dan siap digunakan di sekolah.

Environmental Mercury and Its Toxic Effects

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Kevin M. Rice

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Mercury exists naturally and as a man-made contaminant. The release of processed mercury can lead to a progressive increase in the amount of atmospheric mercury, which enters the atmospheric-soil-water distribution cycles where it can remain in circulation for years. Mercury poisoning is the result of exposure to mercury or mercury compounds resulting in various toxic effects depend on its chemical form and route of exposure. The major route of human exposure to methylmercury (MeHg is largely through eating contaminated fish, seafood, and wildlife which have been exposed to mercury through ingestion of contaminated lower organisms. MeHg toxicity is associated with nervous system damage in adults and impaired neurological development in infants and children. Ingested mercury may undergo bioaccumulation leading to progressive increases in body burdens. This review addresses the systemic pathophysiology of individual organ systems associated with mercury poisoning. Mercury has profound cellular, cardiovascular, hematological, pulmonary, renal, immunological, neurological, endocrine, reproductive, and embryonic toxicological effects.

Triphenyl phosphate-induced developmental toxicity in zebrafish: Potential role of the retinoic acid receptor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Isales, Gregory M.; Hipszer, Rachel A.; Raftery, Tara D. [Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (United States); Chen, Albert; Stapleton, Heather M. [Division of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC (United States); Volz, David C., E-mail: volz@mailbox.sc.edu [Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (United States)

2015-04-15

Highlights: • Triphenyl phosphate-induced toxicity in zebrafish embryos is enhanced in the presence of a retinoic acid receptor antagonist. • Triphenyl phosphate uptake or metabolism within zebrafish embryos is not altered in the presence of a retinoic acid receptor antagonist. • Triphenyl phosphate decreases expression of cytochrome P450 26a1 in zebrafish embryos. • Triphenyl phosphate inhibits retinoic acid-induced activation of human retinoic acid receptors. - Abstract: Using zebrafish as a model, we previously reported that developmental exposure to triphenyl phosphate (TPP) – a high-production volume organophosphate-based flame retardant – results in dioxin-like cardiac looping impairments that are independent of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Using a pharmacologic approach, the objective of this study was to investigate the potential role of retinoic acid receptor (RAR) – a nuclear receptor that regulates vertebrate heart morphogenesis – in mediating TPP-induced developmental toxicity in zebrafish. We first revealed that static exposure of zebrafish from 5–72 h post-fertilization (hpf) to TPP in the presence of non-toxic concentrations of an RAR antagonist (BMS493) significantly enhanced TPP-induced toxicity (relative to TPP alone), even though identical non-toxic BMS493 concentrations mitigated retinoic acid (RA)-induced toxicity. BMS493-mediated enhancement of TPP toxicity was not a result of differential TPP uptake or metabolism, as internal embryonic doses of TPP and diphenyl phosphate (DPP) – a primary TPP metabolite – were not different in the presence or absence of BMS493. Using real-time PCR, we then quantified the relative change in expression of cytochrome P450 26a1 (cyp26a1) – a major target gene for RA-induced RAR activation in zebrafish – and found that RA and TPP exposure resulted in a ∼5-fold increase and decrease in cyp26a1 expression, respectively, relative to vehicle-exposed embryos. To address whether TPP may

Virgin coconut oil supplementation ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced systemic toxicity in mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Nair, S S; Manalil, J J; Ramavarma, S K; Suseela, I M; Thekkepatt, A; Raghavamenon, A C

2016-02-01

Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is an unrefined kernal oil, prepared from Cocos nucifera L., having substantial nutritional and medicinal value. Experimental studies have suggested its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulatory and hypolipidemic effects. The present study assesses its effect on formalin-induced chronic inflammation and cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced systemic toxicity in murine models. Oral administration of VCO effectively reduced formalin-induced paw oedema in mice with more or less similar efficacy as that of diclofenac. The CTX-induced hike in blood urea, creatinine, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and liver marker enzymes in mice was marginally decreased by VCO (8 g/kg body weight) ingestion orally. The liver and kidney catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, together with cellular glutathione and TBARS levels, were found to be improved in these animals. Overall the study reveals the protective efficacy of VCO against secondary toxicity induced by CTX possibly through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. © The Author(s) 2015.

Kinerja Prototipe Sistem Elektronis Berbasis Mikrokontroler Arduino Uno R3 Untuk Pemantauan Analogi Instalasi Listrik

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arief Goeritno

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Pada penelitian ini dirancang prototipe sistem elektronis berbasis mikrokontroler untuk pemantauan analogi instalasi listrik, berupa sistem terintegrasi dalam satu paket modul berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino Uno R3.  Sistem terintegrasi terdiri atas (1 analogi instalasi listrik; (2 sistem elektronis berupa (i subsistem sensor-transduser, (ii subsistem mikrokontroler, dan (iii subsistem Liquid Crystal Display (LCD; dan (3 catu daya. Setiap fase dipasang sensor untuk pemantauan keberadaan tegangan melalui pengubahan parameter tegangan bolak-balik (alternating current, ac ke parameter tegangan arus searah (direct current, dc melalui sistem sensor-transduser.  Keluaran sistem sensor-transduser diproses pada mikrokontroler dan hasil pemantauan ditampilkan pada LCD. Pengukuran kinerja sistem dilakukan terhadap lima kondisi akibat pemberian asumsi perubahan pada MCB dan pemantauan jalur instalasi untuk ruang khusus.

Sistem Monitoring Parkir Mobil menggunakan Sensor Infrared berbasis RASPBERRY PI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

DECY NATALIANA

2016-02-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Masalah yang selalu timbul dalam sistem perparkiran adalah kurangnya informasi mengenai status ketersediaan lahan parkir, untuk itu diperlukan sebuah sistem monitoring parkir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang dan merealisasikan model sistem monitoring perparkiran dengan fasilitas pemilihan area parkir dengan berbasiskan Raspberry Pi serta pemanfaatan infrared sebagai sensor. Sistem ini mampu menampilkan status ketersediaan dari area parkir yang ditampilkan pada display serta dilengkapi dengan perhitungan tarif parkir. Pada sistem yang dirancang dilengkapi dengan tombol untuk memilih area parkir, 2 buah sensor pada masing-masing area parkir untuk mendeteksi kendaraan, kamera untuk kemanan dan lampu LED sebagai indikator ketersediaan area parkir. Perangkat lunak yang digunakan pada sistem ini dirancang dengan menggunakan bahasa Python 2 dan untuk sistem database digunakan SQLite3. Pengujian dilakukan secara simulasi pada miniatur perparkiran. Hasil pengujian model sistem perparkiran dapat menampilkan kondisi dari masing-masing area parkir yang ditampilkan pada display. Kedua buah LED berhasil menjadi indikator ada tidaknya lahan parkir yang masih kosong. Untuk sistem perhitungan tarif parkir telah sesuai dengan perhitungan lamanya parkir. Kata kunci : Parkir, Raspberry Pi , Infrared, Python 2, Monitoring. ABSTRACT The problem which always happens in parking system is the lack of information about the parking area. That’s why we need parking monitoring system. The purposes of this project are to devise and create parking monitoring system which has fitur for ordering parking area. The system based on Raspberry Pi. The system use infra red as sensor. Beside show the availability status of parking area in a display, this system also calculates the price of using the parking area. The System equipped with button for ordering parking area, 2 infrared sensors for each area, web camera for security and 2 LED lamps for availability

Secondary sex ratio in relation to exposures to polychlorinated biphenyls, dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene and methylmercury

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Timmermann, Clara Amalie Gade; Choi, Anna L; Petersen, Maria Skaalum

2017-01-01

This study was undertaken to assess the potential impact of maternal exposures to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene (DDE) and methylmercury on the secondary sex ratios (the ratio of male to female live births) over a span of 23 years. The study includes prospective......% CI = 2-17%), respectively, of giving birth to a boy. In conclusion, maternal exposure to ΣPCB, DDE and methylmercury was associated with a slightly increased secondary sex ratio. The impact of paternal exposures could not be taken into account and deserves attention....

Loss of 5‐lipoxygenase activity protects mice against paracetamol‐induced liver toxicity

Science.gov (United States)

Pu, Shiyun; Ren, Lin; Liu, Qinhui; Kuang, Jiangying; Shen, Jing; Cheng, Shihai; Zhang, Yuwei; Jiang, Wei; Zhang, Zhiyong; Jiang, Changtao

2015-01-01

Background and Purpose Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is the most widely used over‐the‐counter analgesic and overdosing with paracetamol is the leading cause of hospital admission for acute liver failure. 5‐Lipoxygenase (5‐LO) catalyses arachidonic acid to form LTs, which lead to inflammation and oxidative stress. In this study, we examined whether deletion or pharmacological inhibition of 5‐LO could protect mice against paracetamol‐induced hepatic toxicity. Experimental Approach Both genetic deletion and pharmacological inhibition of 5‐LO in C57BL/6J mice were used to study the role of this enzyme in paracetamol induced liver toxicity. Serum and tissue biochemistry, H&E staining, and real‐time PCR were used to assess liver toxicity. Key Results Deletion or pharmacological inhibition of 5‐LO in mice markedly ameliorated paracetamol‐induced hepatic injury, as shown by decreased serum alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase levels and hepatic centrilobular necrosis. The hepatoprotective effect of 5‐LO inhibition was associated with induction of the antitoxic phase II conjugating enzyme, sulfotransferase2a1, suppression of the pro‐toxic phase I CYP3A11 and reduction of the hepatic transporter MRP3. In 5‐LO−/− mice, levels of GSH were increased, and oxidative stress decreased. In addition, PPAR α, a nuclear receptor that confers resistance to paracetamol toxicity, was activated in 5‐LO−/− mice. Conclusions and Implications The activity of 5‐LO may play a critical role in paracetamol‐induced hepatic toxicity by regulating paracetamol metabolism and oxidative stress. PMID:26398229

Pembuatan Sistem Informasi Rental Mobil dengan Menggunakan Java dan Mysql

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Annisa Rahmawati

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Pangsa pasar yang semakin berkembang di berbagai bidang usaha khususnya pada jasa, membuat sistem pembukuan penjualan yang belum menggunakan komputer menjadi tidak efektif. Salah satu contoh bidang usaha tersebut adalah usaha rental mobil. Proses pengolahan data transaksi perusahaan tersebut semakin tidak akurat dan lambat seiring dengan meningkatnya transaksi yang dilakukan. Atas dasar tersebut digunakan Sistem Informasi Rental Mobil yang berbasis komputer sehingga lebih cepat dan akurat. Sistem Informasi tersebut dibuat dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Java dan menggunakan database MySQL yang tertanam langsung pada aplikasi. Proses pembuatan dan pengembangan Sistem Informasi Rental Mobil ini menggunakan metode SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle model air terjun. Hasil dari perancangan aplikasi ini adalah suatu aplikasi desktop yang dapat memudahkan pengguna dalam pencarian mobil yang sedang tersedia, penagihan pembayaran dan pengembalian mobil jika batas waktu pengembalian sudah tiba.

Perancangan dan Implementasi Sistem Monitoring Beban dan Kecepatan Kendaraan Menggunakan Teknologi Weigh in Motion

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Trisya Septiana

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Weight in Motion (WIM merupakan salah satu solusi inovatif dalam manajemen lalu lintas yang memungkinkan kendaraan ditimbang pada saat dalam perjalanan. Pada penelitian ini dirancang sebuah sistem monitoring yang mampu mengolah dan menghitung data kendaraan berupa beban dan kecepatan kendaraan melalui sistem WIM. Untuk mendukung sistem ini digunakan perangkat keras berupa sensor WIM yang terdiri dari Load Cell, modul penguat HX711 dan Arduino serta untuk data sinyal beban yang telah dihasilkan sistem WIM menggunakan metode analisa pengolahan sinyal. Pengujian sistem ini dilakukan menggunakan sebuah mobil penumpang dengan kecepatan yang berbeda-beda. Dari hasil pengujian didapatkan sistem WIM mampu melakukan pengukuran kendaraan berjalan dengan nilai rata-rata error yang dihasilkan untuk kecepatan 8.94%, jarak sumbu kendaraan 14.64%, dan beban kendaraan 10.21%.

Form of Dietary Methylmercury does not Affect Total Mercury Accumulation in the Tissues of Zebra Finch.

Science.gov (United States)

Varian-Ramos, Claire W; Whitney, Margaret; Rice, Gary W; Cristol, Daniel A

2017-07-01

Exposure to mercury in humans, other mammals, and birds is primarily dietary, with mercury in the methylated form and bound to cysteine in the tissues of prey items. Yet dosing studies are generally carried out using methylmercury chloride. Here we tested whether the accumulation of total mercury in zebra finch blood, egg, muscle, liver, kidney or brain differed depending on whether dietary mercury was complexed with chloride or cysteine. We found no effect of form of mercury on tissue accumulation. Some previous studies have found lower accumulation of mercury in tissues of animals fed complexed mercury. Much remains to be understood about what happens to ingested mercury once it enters the intestines, but our results suggest that dietary studies using methylmercury chloride in birds will produce similar tissue accumulation levels to those using methylmercury cysteine.

Sistem Informasi Data Kepegawaian Dan Kesiswaan SMA Negeri 1 P. Brandan

OpenAIRE

Ramadhani, Tiara

2015-01-01

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membangun suatu sistem informasi pada SMA Negeri 1 Babalan P.Brandan. Sistem informasi ini dikembangkan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak PHP, MySQL, Apache, dan Mozilla Firefox juga software pembantu lainnya seperti Adobe Dreamweaver CS5. Tujuan dari sistem informasi ini adalah untuk menyajikan informasi data kepegawaian, guru, serta kesiswaan kepada user/pengguna dengan baik dan dapat meng-update isi dari informasi yang terdapat pada web tersebut dengan mudah pa...

SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT DAN HAMA PADA TANAMAN PEPAYA CALIFORNIA DI DUSUN KETHITANG-RAWALO

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Afit Nadhar Pratitis

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Terbatasnya jumlah pakar membuat proses penyuluhan terhadap petani khususnya petani pepaya dalam pengendalian penyakit dan hama tidak maksimal, sehingga dibutuhkan sebuah sistem yang dapat di jadikan alternatif berkonsultasi bagi para petani. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk merancang dan membangun sistem pakar diagnosa penyakit dan hama tanaman pepaya california yang dapat dijadikan pendamping bagi pakar tanaman pepaya california. Batasan masalah dari penelitian diantaranya hanya meneliti tanaman pepaya california, metode inferensi forward chaining, representasi pengetahuan menggunakan kaidah produksi, diterapkan pada sistem berbasis web. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan adalah waterfall. Hasil dari penelitian ini telah berhasil dibuat aplikasi sistem pakar diagnosa penyakit dan hama pada tanaman pepaya california menggunakan Adobe Dreamweaver CS5 dan XAMPP-Win32-1.7.7. Dengan adanya sistem pakar diagnosa penyakit dan hama pada tanaman pepaya california dapat menjadi media alternatif konsultasi para petani pepaya california, serta sistem pakar ini dapat dijadikan pendamping untuk pakar dalam memberikan ilmu pengetahuannya.

Protective Effect of Morocco Carob Honey Against Lead-Induced Anemia and Hepato-Renal Toxicity

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Aicha Fassi Fihri

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Background/Aims: Natural honey has many biological activities including protective effect against toxic materials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of carob honey against lead-induced hepato-renal toxicity and lead-induced anemia in rabbits. Methods: Twenty four male rabbits were allocated into four groups six rabbits each; group 1: control group, received distilled water (0.1 ml / kg.b.wt /daily; group 2: received oral lead acetate (2 g/kg.b.wt/daily; group 3: treated with oral honey (1g /kg.b.wt/daily and oral lead (2 g/kg.b.wt/daily, and group 4: received oral honey (1 g/kg.b.wt/daily. Honey and lead were given daily during 24 days of experimentation. Laboratory tests and histopathological evaluations of kidneys were done. Results: Oral administration of lead induced hepatic and kidney injury and caused anemia during three weeks of the exposure. Treatment with honey prevented hepato-renal lead toxicity and ameliorated lead-induced anemia when honey was given to animals during lead exposure. Conclusion: It might be concluded that honey has a protective effect against lead-induced blood, hepatic and renal toxic effects.

Protective Effect of Morocco Carob Honey Against Lead-Induced Anemia and Hepato-Renal Toxicity.

Science.gov (United States)

Fihri, Aicha Fassi; Al-Waili, Noori S; El-Haskoury, Redouan; Bakour, Meryem; Amarti, Afaf; Ansari, Mohammad J; Lyoussi, Badiaa

2016-01-01

Natural honey has many biological activities including protective effect against toxic materials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of carob honey against lead-induced hepato-renal toxicity and lead-induced anemia in rabbits. Twenty four male rabbits were allocated into four groups six rabbits each; group 1: control group, received distilled water (0.1 ml / kg.b.wt /daily); group 2: received oral lead acetate (2 g/kg.b.wt/daily); group 3: treated with oral honey (1g /kg.b.wt/daily) and oral lead (2 g/kg.b.wt/daily), and group 4: received oral honey (1 g/kg.b.wt/daily). Honey and lead were given daily during 24 days of experimentation. Laboratory tests and histopathological evaluations of kidneys were done. Oral administration of lead induced hepatic and kidney injury and caused anemia during three weeks of the exposure. Treatment with honey prevented hepato-renal lead toxicity and ameliorated lead-induced anemia when honey was given to animals during lead exposure. It might be concluded that honey has a protective effect against lead-induced blood, hepatic and renal toxic effects. © 2016 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

Abatement by Naringenin of Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Toxicity in Rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arafa, H.M.; Abd-Ellah, M.F.; Hafez, H.F.

2005-01-01

Doxorubicin is one of the most active cytotoxic agents in current use. It has proven efficacy in various malignancies either alone or combined with other cytocidal agents. The clinical usefulness of the anthracycline drug has been precluded by cardiac toxicity. Many therapeutic interventions have been attempted to improve the therapeutic benefits of the drug. Few, however, have been efficacious in this setting. Purpose: We have addressed in the current study the possible protective effects of naringenin, a flavonoid known to have anti-oxidant properties, on doxorubicin induced cardiac toxicity in male Swiss albino rats. Methods: Forty male Swiss albino rats were used in this study. Naringenin (25 mg/kg body weight) was administered daily by gavage for 7 consecutive days before a cumulative single dose of doxorubicin (15 mg/kg body weight, ip). Doxorubicin induced marked biochemical alterations characteristic of cardiac toxicity including, elevated activities of serum total lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK), enhanced lipid peroxidation measured as malonaldehyde (MDA). The anthracycline drug has also reduced the cardiac enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-Stransferase (GST) and catalase (CAT). Besides, it reduced significantly the reduced glutathione (GSH) level, but it increased the total NO content in heart tissue. Prior administration of naringenin ahead of doxorubicin challenge ameliorated all these biochemical markers. Taken together, one could conclude that naringenin has a protective role in the abatement of doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity that resides, at least in part, on its anti-radical effects and regulatory role on NO production

ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN OUTPUT DAYA LISTRIK PANEL SURYA SISTEM TRACKING DENGAN SOLAR REFLECTOR

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I B Kd Surya Negara

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Indonesia merupakan negara beriklim tropis yang memiliki intensitas radiasi matahari yang sangat besar dan intensitas radiasi tersebut berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya. Efisiensi dari panel surya saat ini masih perlu pertimbangan lebih lanjut. Efisiensi panel surya yang rendah ini, berpengaruh pada hasil output daya listrik yang dihasilkan. Upaya untuk meningkatkan output daya listrik panel surya, yaitu dengan sistem tracking dan solar reflector. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui output daya listrik yang lebih maksimal. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sistem tracking yang pergerakannya berdasarkan waktu dan menggunakan solar reflector dengan cermin datar dan sudut reflector yang berbeda. Hasil dari perbandingan sistem tracking dengan solar reflector yaitu solar reflector menghasilkan output daya listrik lebih besar dibandingan dengan sistem tracking, dimana solar reflector menghasilkan output daya listrik sebesar 0.1224 Watt dan sistem tracking sebesar 0.1136 Watt.

Cannabidiol Rescues Acute Hepatic Toxicity and Seizure Induced by Cocaine

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Luciano Rezende Vilela

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Cocaine is a commonly abused illicit drug that causes significant morbidity and mortality. The most severe and common complications are seizures, ischemic strokes, myocardial infarction, and acute liver injury. Here, we demonstrated that acute cocaine intoxication promoted seizure along with acute liver damage in mice, with intense inflammatory infiltrate. Considering the protective role of the endocannabinoid system against cell toxicity, we hypothesized that treatment with an anandamide hydrolysis inhibitor, URB597, or with a phytocannabinoid, cannabidiol (CBD, protects against cocaine toxicity. URB597 (1.0 mg/kg abolished cocaine-induced seizure, yet it did not protect against acute liver injury. Using confocal liver intravital microscopy, we observed that CBD (30 mg/kg reduced acute liver inflammation and damage induced by cocaine and prevented associated seizure. Additionally, we showed that previous liver damage induced by another hepatotoxic drug (acetaminophen increased seizure and lethality induced by cocaine intoxication, linking hepatotoxicity to seizure dynamics. These findings suggest that activation of cannabinoid system may have protective actions on both liver and brain induced by cocaine, minimizing inflammatory injury promoted by cocaine, supporting its further clinical application in the treatment of cocaine abuse.

PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM AKUNTANSI BERBASIS INFORMATION AND COMMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT PADA SEKOLAH UNGGULAN DI KOTA SEMARANG

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Agus Wahyudin

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan sistem informasi akuntansi pada sekolah unggulan di wilayah kota Semarang yang berdasarkan pada kebutuhan user, mengakomodir kebijakan yang telah ditetapkan oleh Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, serta mengacu pada ISO 9001. Metode penyusunan sistem informasi akuntansi menggunakan model information sistem development methods. Analisis identifikasi kebutuhan informasi akuntansi menggunakan mix method, dengan mengkolaborai persepsi stakeholder sekolah dan kebutuhan internal sekolah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pemetaan kebutuhan sistem informasi keuangan dan manual prosedur sistem informasi akuntansi sekolah unggulan di Kota Semarang yang terdiri dari Sistem Informasi Penganggaran (SiAnggar, Sistem Informasi Keuangan (SiKeu, Sistem Informasi Akuntansi (SiAkun. Dalam hal ini Sistem Informasi Akuntansi dibagi lagi menjadi tiga Sistem Akuntansi Manajemen, Sistem Akuntansi Keuangan, Sistem Akuntansi Aset. This study aims to develop a system of accounting information at outstanding schools in Semarang city which is based on the need of the users, and to accommodate the policy defined by the Ministry of Education and Culture based on ISO 9001. In formulating  the accounting information systems,  a model information system development method is used. Identification of needs analysis employs mixed method of accounting information by collaborating perception of the stakeholders involved at schools and internal needs of the school. The results show that there is mapping on the need of financial information systems and manual procedures of accounting information systems at the top schools in Semarang city consisting of Budgeting Information System (SiAnggar, Financial Information System (SiKeu, Accounting Information Systems (SiAkun. In this case, the Accounting Information Systems is subdivided into three Accounting Management System, Financial Accounting Systems, and  Asset Accounting Systems.

Metal bioavailability and toxicity to fish in low-alkalinity lakes: A critical review

Science.gov (United States)

Spry, D.J.; Wiener, James G.

1991-01-01

Fish in low-alkalinity lakes having pH of 6·0–6·5 or less often have higher body or tissue burdens of mercury, cadmium, and lead than do fish in nearby lakes with higher pH. The greater bioaccumulation of these metals in such waters seems to result partly from the greater aqueous abundances of biologically available forms (CH3 Hg+, Cd2+, and Pb2+) at low pH. In addition, the low concentrations of aqueous calcium in low-alkalinity lakes increase the permeability of biological membranes to these metals, which in fish may cause greater uptake from both water and food. Fish exposed to aqueous inorganic aluminum in the laboratory and field accumulate the metal in and on the epithelial cells of the gills; however, there is little accumulation of aluminum in the blood or internal organs. In low-pH water, both sublethal and lethal toxicity of aluminum has been clearly demonstrated in both laboratory and field studies at environmental concentrations. In contrast, recently measured aqueous concentrations of total mercury, methylmercury, cadmium, and lead in low-alkalinity lakes are much lower than the aqueous concentrations known to cause acute or chronic toxicity in fish, although the vast majority of toxicological research has involved waters with much higher ionic strength than that in low-alkalinity lakes. Additional work with fish is needed to better assess (1) the toxicity of aqueous metals in low-alkalinity waters, and (2) the toxicological significance of dietary methylmercury and cadmium.

Methylmercury in the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea: From Microbial Sources to Seafood Consumers

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Mark E. Hines

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea is one of the most mercury-polluted areas in the Mediterranean and in the world due to the past mining activity in the Idrija region (western Slovenia. The link between microbial production of toxic methylmercury (MeHg, and its bioaccumulation and biomagnification in marine food webs of the gulf is at present rather poorly characterized but is critical to understanding the links between sources and higher trophic levels, such as fish, that are ultimately vectors of human and wildlife exposure. This overview explores three major topics: (i the microbial biogeochemical cycling of Hg in the area, (ii the trophic transfer and bioaccumulation of MeHg in pelagic and benthic marine food webs, and (iii human exposure to Hg through marine fish and shellfish consumption. These are important goals since the Gulf of Trieste is an area of great economical importance.

The role of apoptosis in MCLR-induced developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zeng, Cheng [College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 (China); Sun, Hong [Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan 430070 (China); Xie, Ping [Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072 (China); Wang, Jianghua; Zhang, Guirong; Chen, Nan [College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 (China); Yan, Wei, E-mail: Yanwei75126@163.com [Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064 (China); Li, Guangyu, E-mail: ligy2001@163.com [College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070 (China); Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070 (China)

2014-04-01

Highlights: • MCLR-induced apoptosis in the heart of developing embryos leads to the growth delay in zebrafish. • MCLR-triggered apoptosis might be induced by ROS. • P53–Bax–Bcl-2 and caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway contribute greatly to MCLR-induced apoptosis. Abstract: We previously demonstrated that cyanobacteria-derived microcystin–leucine–arginine (MCLR) is able to induce developing toxicity, such as malformation, growth delay and also decreased heart rates in zebrafish embryos. However, the molecular mechanisms by which MCLR induces its toxicity during the development of zebrafish remain largely unknown. Here, we evaluate the role of apoptosis in MCLR-induced developmental toxicity. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to various concentrations of MCLR (0, 0.2, 0.5, 2, and 5.0 mg L⁻¹ for 96 h, at which time reactive oxygen species (ROS) was significantly induced in the 2 and 5.0 mg L⁻¹ MCLR exposure groups. Acridine orange (AO) staining and terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated deoxy-UTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay showed that MCLR exposure resulted in cell apoptosis. To test the apoptotic pathway, the expression pattern of several apoptotic-related genes was examined for the level of enzyme activity, gene and protein expression, respectively. The overall results demonstrate that MCLR induced ROS which consequently triggered apoptosis in the heart of developing zebrafish embryos. Our results also indicate that the p53–Bax–Bcl-2 pathway and the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway play major roles in MCLR-induced apoptosis in the developing embryos.

Pengajaran Konsep Sistem Operasi Dengan Memanfaatkan Perangkat Lunak Mesin Virtual Dan Minix

OpenAIRE

Kurniawan, Heri; Aji, Rizal Fathoni

2009-01-01

Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap suatu materi adalah melalui praktikum.Sebelum praktikum dilaksanakan, sarana dan skenario praktikum harus dipersiapkan terlebih dahulu denganbaik agar tujuan praktikum dapat tercapai. Salah satu sarana dalam praktikum sistem operasi adalah mesinvirtual untuk menunjang serangkaian eksperimen seperti pemrograman kernel dan administrasi sistem. Denganmesin virtual, beberapa sistem operasi dapat diinstall dengan mudah tanpa harus menamba...

Perancangan Sistem Pintu Gerbang dengan Sensor Radio Frequency Identification (RFID menggunakan Metode Waterfall

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Heru Adi Prasetyo

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Sistem monitoring pada pintu gerbang merupakan bagian yang penting dalam meningkatkan sistem keamanan. Teknologi yang cocok untuk diaplikasikan dipintu gerbang adalah teknologi RFID (Radio Frequency Identification, karena komunikasi antar tag  dengan RFID reader tidak memerlukan kontak langsung, sehingga cocok digunakan pada sistem yang berjalan secara otomatis. Tag RFID dipasang di kendaraan penghuni sebagai kendaraan yang terdaftar di sistem monitoring, sedangkan kendaraan tamu tidak memiliki tag. Model pengembangan perangkat lunak yang dipakai adalah model waterfall, yang terdiri atas analisis kebutuhan sistem, spesifikasi kebutuhan perangkat lunak, desain perangkat lunak (use case, diagram activity, class diagram, danentity relationship diagram, implementasi perangkat lunak (berupa penulisan kode dan implementasi client server, dan pengujian (pengujian alat, pengujian client server, pengujian user requirement, dan pengujian aplikasi. Hasil akhir penelitian ini adalah sistem pintu gerbang yang menggunakan RFID sebagai sensor kendaraan untuk memonitor kendaraan yang keluar masuk. Data kendaraan yang keluar masuk dikelola secara client server dengan antarmuka pengguna berupa aplikasi client server berbasis JAVA

Sinkronisasi Content E-learning Terdistribusi Berbasis Model Komunikasi Indirect Menggunakan Sistem Publish-Subscribe

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Sufrendo Saputra

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Sinkronisasi content antar e-learning memungkinkan beberapa e-learning memiliki content yang sama secara konsisten. Perubahan content pada salah satu e-learning akan membuat sistem memastikan e-learning lain mengetahui perubahan tersebut. Model komunikasi yang memungkinkan adanya sinkronisasi ini merupakan komunikasi indirect berbasis publish-subscribe. Setiap e-learning memiliki content-nya masing-masing yang secara otomatis akan di-publish oleh sistem. E-learning lain yang tergabung dalam sistem sinkronisasi kemudian dapat memilih content mana yang ingin di-subscribe. Jika terdapat perubahan pada sebuah content, dan content tersebut memiliki subscriber, maka sistem akan memberitahu subscriber bahwa telah terjadi perubahan pada content. Teknologi utama yang digunakan dalam sistem ini adalah Moodle, PHP, dan Java. Moodle sebagai modul yang digunakan untuk mensimulasikan e-learning. PHP dan Java sebagai framework dari sistem sinkronisasi. Model komunikasi yang digunakan merupakan komunikasi indirect berbasis publish-subscribe. Model komunikasi ini menempatkan sebuah perantara bagi komunikasi antar e-learning.

Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Sistem Pakar Diagnosis Gangguan Emosional Pada Anak Berbasis Aplikasi Website

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Fanidia Nur Utami

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Ketepatan diagnosis terhadap suatu penyakit dan kecepatan proses penentuan diagnosis sangat penting dalam dunia kesehatan. Proses diagnosis penyakit ditentukan dari pengetahuan tenaga medis yang menangani pasien. Kesalahan diagnosis penyakit dan keterlambatan menentukan solusi pengobatan dapat memberikan dampak buruk bagi kesehatan pasien. Namun, tenaga medis yang dapat melayani terkadang jumlahnya terbatas. Penelitian ini dikhususkan untuk merancang suatu aplikasi sistem pakar diagnosis gangguan emosional yang disesuaikan dengan Pedoman Panduan Diagnosis Gangguan Jiwa di Indonesia. Perancangan sistem pakar pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan ilmu kecerdasan buatan, metodologi waterfall dan aplikasi website. Perencanaan sistem menggunakan metode terstruktur dengan mendefinisikan DFD, ERD, serta diagram alir sistem. Sistem pakar dirancang berbasis aplikasi website sehingga program ditulis dengan bahasa pemrograman C# dan Razor untuk bagian view sedangkan basisdata program menggunakan SQL Server Local Database Proses diagnosis penyakit pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode forward chaining. Pengujian aplikasi sistem pakar ini menggunakan metode pengujian white box. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian white box, tidak ditemukan kesalahan fungsi dan proses diagnosis pada aplikasi.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI DRAINASE KOTA SURABAYA

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Bambang Sriyanto Eko Prakoso

2016-10-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian adalah melakukan identifikasi basis data dan “software” yang digunakan untuk mengelola basis data tersebut di daerah penelitian, dan mengembangkan atau merancang Sistem Informasi Drainase di daerah penelitian. Hasil identifikasi basis data dan “software” pengelolanya menunjukkan adanya dua jenis basis data yang telah dikembangkan di Kota Surabaya. Basis data yang pertama bersifat umum dan kurang lengkap serta dikelola dengan program Autocad. Sedangkan basis data yang kedua sudah memadai, bahkan struktur basis data dan tata letak data sudah baik yang dikelola dengan program ArcView versi 3.1. Oleh karena itu, pilihan basis data dijatuhkan pada basis data yang kedua dengan program pengelolanya adalah ArcView. Mengingat adanya, beberapa kekurangan pada basis data tersebut maka diperlukan penambahan dan pengurangan data serta dilakukan beberapa perubahan pada struktur data yakni untuk kepentingan hubungan dengan kenampakan lain. Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Drainase Kota Surabaya dikembangkan dengan program Visual Basic 6.0 dan ArcView versi 3.2. Dengan aplikasi ini memungkinkan pengguna akhir yang kurang ahli dapat mengoperasikan dengan cepat dan mudah dalam menghasilkan informasi yang dapat digunakan oleh para pengambil kebijakan untuk perencanaan dan pengelolaan sistem drainase Kota Surabaya.

Methylmercury-induced changes in gene transcription associated with neuroendocrine disruption in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).

Science.gov (United States)

Richter, Catherine A; Martyniuk, Christopher J; Annis, Mandy L; Brumbaugh, William G; Chasar, Lia C; Denslow, Nancy D; Tillitt, Donald E

2014-07-01

Methyl-mercury (MeHg) is a potent neuroendocrine disruptor that impairs reproductive processes in fish. The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize transcriptomic changes induced by MeHg exposure in the female largemouth bass (LMB) hypothalamus under controlled laboratory conditions, (2) investigate the health and reproductive impacts of MeHg exposure on male and female largemouth bass (LMB) in the natural environment, and (3) identify MeHg-associated gene expression patterns in whole brain of female LMB from MeHg-contaminated habitats. The laboratory experiment was a single injection of 2.5 μg MeHg/g body weight for 96 h exposure. The field survey compared river systems in Florida, USA with comparably lower concentrations of MeHg (Wekiva, Santa Fe, and St. Johns Rivers) in fish and one river system with LMB that contained elevated concentrations of MeHg (St. Marys River). Microarray analysis was used to quantify transcriptomic responses to MeHg exposure. Although fish at the high-MeHg site did not show overt health or reproductive impairment, there were MeHg-responsive genes and pathways identified in the laboratory study that were also altered in fish from the high-MeHg site relative to fish at the low-MeHg sites. Gene network analysis suggested that MeHg regulated the expression targets of neuropeptide receptor and steroid signaling, as well as structural components of the cell. Disease-associated gene networks related to MeHg exposure, based upon expression data, included cerebellum ataxia, movement disorders, and hypercalcemia. Gene responses in the CNS are consistent with the documented neurotoxicological and neuroendocrine disrupting effects of MeHg in vertebrates. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Methylmercury-induced changes in gene transcription associated with neuroendocrine disruption in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

Science.gov (United States)

Richter, Catherine A.; Martyniuk, Christopher J.; Annis, Mandy L.; Brumbaugh, William G.; Chasar, Lia C.; Denslow, Nancy D.; Tillitt, Donald E.

2014-01-01

Methyl-mercury (MeHg) is a potent neuroendocrine disruptor that impairs reproductive processes in fish. The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize transcriptomic changes induced by MeHg exposure in the female largemouth bass (LMB) hypothalamus under controlled laboratory conditions, (2) investigate the health and reproductive impacts of MeHg exposure on male and female largemouth bass (LMB) in the natural environment, and (3) identify MeHg-associated gene expression patterns in whole brain of female LMB from MeHg-contaminated habitats. The laboratory experiment was a single injection of 2.5 μg MeHg/g body weight for 96 h exposure. The field survey compared river systems in Florida, USA with comparably lower concentrations of MeHg (Wekiva, Santa Fe, and St. Johns Rivers) in fish and one river system with LMB that contained elevated concentrations of MeHg (St. Marys River). Microarray analysis was used to quantify transcriptomic responses to MeHg exposure. Although fish at the high-MeHg site did not show overt health or reproductive impairment, there were MeHg-responsive genes and pathways identified in the laboratory study that were also altered in fish from the high-MeHg site relative to fish at the low-MeHg sites. Gene network analysis suggested that MeHg regulated the expression targets of neuropeptide receptor and steroid signaling, as well as structural components of the cell. Disease-associated gene networks related to MeHg exposure, based upon expression data, included cerebellum ataxia, movement disorders, and hypercalcemia. Gene responses in the CNS are consistent with the documented neurotoxicological and neuroendocrine disrupting effects of MeHg in vertebrates.

Aerobic Fitness and Neurocognitive Function Scores in Young Faroese Adults and Potential Modification by Prenatal Methylmercury Exposure

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Oulhote, Youssef; Debes, Frodi; Vestergaard, Sonja

2017-01-01

deviation (SD) increase in VO2Max was associated with better scores on short-term memory and cognitive processing speed by 0.21 SD (95% CI: -0.04, 0.46) and 0.28 SD (95% CI: 0.02, 0.54), respectively. In the group with lower prenatal methylmercury exposure, a 1 SD increase in VO2Max was associated...... with increased scores on cognitive processing speed by 0.45 SD (95% CI: 0.08, 0.81) and with a slightly lesser benefit in short-term memory. No such association was observed in the group with high prenatal methylmercury exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Higher aerobic capacity was associated with better performance...... in short-term memory and processing speed. However, prenatal methylmercury exposure seemed to attenuate these positive associations....

Determination of total mercury and methylmercury in human head hair by radiochemical methods of analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vasconcellos, M.B.A.; Saiki, M.; Paletti, G.; Baruzzi, R.G.; Rodrigues, D.A.; Cuten, J.

1995-01-01

Total mercury has been determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis in the hair of several Indian tribes living in the Xingu Park, located in the Amazonic region of Brazil. Methylmercury and total mercury have been determined in selected samples using cold vapour atomic absorption spectroscopy, at the Nuclear Chemistry Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubliana, Slovenia. Mercury levels were found to be much higher in the Indian hair samples as compared to the samples from the control population. The arithmetic and geometric means for total mercury in the Indian hair samples ranged from 10 to 20 ppm, compared to values of about 1 ppm for the means of the control group. The results obtained for methylmercury have shown that the majority of the mercury is present in the hair of the Indians as the organic form. The Indian study populations living in the Xingu Park can thus be considered as being at risk with regards to contamination by mercury. With the aim of applying neutron activation analysis for the determination of methylmercury in hair, experiments were done at the IEA-R1 nuclear research reactor irradiating cysteine- and also thioacetamide- impregnated filter papers, on which a methylmercury solution was pipetted. The results obtained have shown that all the mercury was lost from the cysteine-impregnated paper and about 90 % of the mercury remained on the paper impregnated with thioacetamide. (author)

Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Manajemen Customisable Sebagai Alat Analisis Pengelolaan Energi Listrik Di Pt. Indovillas Bali

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I Made Sukafona

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Sistem informasi manajemen customizable sebagai alat analisis pengelolaan energi listrik di PT. Indovillas Bali merupakan suatu alat yang digunakan untuk mengelola data penggunaan energi listrik. Sistem customizable yaitu dapat disesuaikan dengan keadaan dimasing-masing vila, alur dan kebutuhan sistem dibuat dinamis agar dapat disesuaikan dengan keadaan. Dalam sistem terdapat sub-sub sistem berdasarkan para pengguna sistem yang memiliki database yang terpisah dengan hak akses sesuai dengan otoritas yang diberikan sistem. Hasil yang diharapkan dari sistem adalah report pengelolaan energi listrik yang terdiri dari  report penggunaan secara keseluruhan yang meliputi besaran konsumsi energi listrik setiap hari. Tingkat hunian kamar, serta batasan-batasan penggunaan energi listrik sebagai indikator perbandingan dengan data konsumsi energi listrik per hari Setiap bulan. Sistem juga diharapkan dapat menghasilkan potensi penghematan dari konsumsi energi listrik. Hasil dari keluaran sistem diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan utama  bagi manajer energi atau engineer dalam menentukan langkah-langkah yang tepat dalam penggunaan energi listrik yang efisien dan efektif. Bagi top manajemen, laporan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan pertimbangan dalam menentukan harga sewa vila, dan memberikan informasi lebih terperinci tentang biaya konsumsi energi dalam pertanggungjawaban kepada pemilik vila.

SISTEM BERBASIS PENGETAHUAN UNTUK KENAIKAN PANGKAT MILITER TNI AU

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Joko Lianto Buliali

2007-01-01

Full Text Available The rank of a TNI AU personnel is related with the placement of the personnel in the previous rank, education, or other duty placement. TNI AU carries out rank promotion every year. In essence, the process is to check the accomplishment of a personnel to rank promotion criteria. The large number of rules in rank promotion criteria makes manual calculation time and energy consuming. In this research, a knowledge based system is developed to help calculating the accomplishment of personnel to rank promotion criteria. This system is chosen because of the suitability of representation of the rules in the criteria with the rules in knowledge based system and because of the large number of rules in rank promotion criteria. ASP.Net, C#.Net, dan IIS web server is used in the implementation of the system. The case study in this research is conducted at Pusdiklat Hanudnas Surabaya. Testing is conducted by using data approved by Pusdiklat Hanudnas Surabaya. The results show that the system has performed accepatbly as the results from the system is the same as the result from manual calculation. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Kepangkatan prajurit TNI AU berkaitan erat dengan penempatan prajurit tersebut dalam jabatan, keperluan pendidikan, atau penugasan-penugasan lainnya. TNI AU mengadakan agenda pengajuan kenaikan pangkat setiap tahun. Proses ini pada intinya adalah pemeriksaan pemenuhan kriteria kenaikan pangkat personel. Banyaknya aturan dalam pemenuhan kriteria kenaikan pangkat membuat perhitungan secara manual mambutuhkan waktu dan energi yang banyak. Dalam penelitian ini dibangun sistem berbasis pengetahuan untuk membantu perhitungan pemenuhan kriteria dalam proses kenaikan pangkat prajurit. Sistem ini dipilih karena kesesuaian representasi aturan pada kriteria dalam proses kenaikan pangkat prajurit dan aturan pada sistem berbasis pengetahuan serta banyaknya aturan yang menyangkut kenaikan pangkat prajurit. ASP.Net, C#.Net, dan IIS web server

The Simplest Flowchart Stating the Mechanisms for Organic Xenobiotics-induced Toxicity: Can it Possibly be Accepted as a "Central Dogma" for Toxic Mechanisms?

Science.gov (United States)

Park, Yeong-Chul; Lee, Sundong; Cho, Myung-Haing

2014-09-01

Xenobiotics causing a variety of toxicity in biological systems could be classified as two types, inorganic and organic chemicals. It is estimated that the organic xenobiotics are responsible for approximately 80~90% of chemical-induced toxicity in human population. In the class for toxicology, we have encountered some difficulties in explaining the mechanisms of toxicity caused especially by organic chemicals. Here, a simple flowchart was introduced for explaining the mechanism of toxicity caused by organic xenobiotics, as the central dogma of molecular biology. This flowchart, referred to as a central dogma, was described based on a view of various aspects as follows: direct-acting chemicals vs. indirect-acting chemicals, cytochrome P450-dependent vs. cytochrome P450-independent biotransformation, reactive intermediates, reactivation, toxicokinetics vs. toxicodynamics, and reversibility vs. irreversibility. Thus, the primary objective of this flowchart is to help better understanding of the organic xenobiotics-induced toxic mechanisms, providing a major pathway for toxicity occurring in biological systems.

Impact of macrozoobenthic bioturbation and wind fluctuation interactions on net methylmercury in freshwater lakes.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Peifang; Yao, Yu; Wang, Chao; Hou, Jun; Qian, Jin; Miao, Lingzhan

2017-11-01

The methylmercury (MeHg) as the toxic fractions has presented significant threats to biota in freshwater ecosystems. Hg methylation process is demonstrated to be manipulated by biota process (benthic disturbance and algae bloom existence) as well as the abiotic influence (wind fluctuation and illumination intensity) in freshwater ecosystems. However, the mechanisms influencing Hg methylation are still unclear, and the coupled influences of the biotic and abiotic process with the shifts in variation on methylmercury remain unexplored. Accordingly, an annular flume experiment which simulated the freshwater ecosystem, was conducted for 108 days to examine the influences of typical disturbance by chironomid larvae and wind fluctuations on MeHg variation in sediment profiles. The in-situ, passive sampler technique of revealing diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) encompassed the special resin, based on referenced extraction and coloration-computer imaging densitometry, were employed to obtain labile MeHg, Fe, and S concentrations at high resolution. The results indicate that larval bioturbation during the initial period of the experiment could diminish bioavailable MeHg concentrations and change the diffusion direction of MeHg fluxes. However, this inhibitive effect on MeHg concentrations ceased with larvae eclosion. Compared to bioturbation, wind fluctuation exerted slow but sustained inhibition on MeHg release. Furthermore, the eight parameters (dissolved organic carbon (DOC), DO, labile Fe and S concentrations, pH, sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) abundance in sediment, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and EC) could explain more of variation in MeHg concentrations which indicated by the canonical correspondence analysis. And these eight parameters manifest higher explanatory power for MeHg distributed in newly formed sediment. More notably, the comparison results of the multiple and simple regression directly demonstrated the DOC was the fundamental and robust

SISTEM PENDETEKSIAN KEMIRIPAN JUDUL SKRIPSI MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA WINNOWING

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Nurdin Nurdin

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Proses pengelolaan judul skripsi yang telah ada dan pendistribusian informasi kepada mahasiswa serta penentuan diterima atau tidak terhadap judul-judul yang diajukan oleh mahasiswa masih dilakukan secara manual yaitu dengan mengecek satu-persatu sehingga membutuhkan waktu yang lama dan kurang efektif. Sistem pendeteksian kemiripan judul skripsi dengan menggunakan algoritma winnowing dirancang untuk memudahkan koordinator tugas akhir atau Ketua Program Studi dalam menentukan persentase kemiripan dengan judul yang telah ada. Sistem akan meminta sebuah masukkan berupa judul yang akan di cek kemiripannya dan menampilkan hasilnya kepada user. Dari 117 judul skripsi yang telah ada, terdapat 11 judul yang sama terhadap judul yang dimasukkan dengan tingkat kemiripan lebih besar sama dengan 20 persen. Dengan adanya sistem ini diharapkan proses-proses tersebut menjadi lebih mudah, cepat dan efektif. Keywords: algoritma winnowing, deteksi kemiripan, plagiarisme, judul skripsi

Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Jadwal Perkuliahan Berbasis Jquery Mobile Dengan Menggunakan PHP Dan MySQL

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Elisa Usada

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Informasi perubahan jadwal perlu diberitahukan secepatnya kepada dosen dan mahasiswa.Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Jadwal Perkuliahan berbasis jQuery Mobile dengan menggunakan PHP dan MySQL pada proyek penelitian ini diharapkan mempermudah pemberitahuan perubahan jadwal kepada dosen dan mahasiswa.Dengan dibuat aplikasi Sistem Informasi Jadwal Perkuliahan berbasis jQuery Mobile dengan menggunakan PHP dan MySQL pada proyek penelitian ini dapat mempermudah dalam mencari informasi jadwal perkuliahan.Metode yang digunakan dalam rancang bangun aplikasi sistem informasi jadwal perkuliahan yaitu metode waterfall. Pengujian aplikasi sistem informasi jadwal perkuliahan menggunakan beberapa tahapan yaitu tahap pengujian integrasi, pengujian sistem, pengujian validasi dan  pengujian penerimaan pada handphone. Pada aplikasi ini digunakan  database MySQL untuk penyimpanan data-data jadwal perkuliahan, dan pembuatan aplikasi ini dibuat menggunakan PHP. untuk mendapatkan hasil yang lebih baik lagi adapun saran-saran yang dapat diberikan terhadap aplikasi sistem informasi jadwal perkuliahan ini yaitu mengintegrasikan aplikasi sistem informasi jadwal perkuliahan ini dengan sistem kampus dan melakukan update pada jQuery Mobile ke versi yang terbaru agar tampilan lebih baik serta memiliki keunggulan tambahan.

Perancangan dan Implementasi Sistem Informasi Perpustakaan di Program Studi Teknik Lingkungan Fakultas Teknik Undip

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Lia Dorothy

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Perkembangan teknologi informasi menciptakan keunggulan kompetitif dalam berbagai bidang. Perkembangan ini didukung oleh industri perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak komputer yang terus berkembang, yakni dengan pengaksesan dan pemrosesan informasi yang cepat, akurat, dan efisien melalui sebuah sistem informasi. Pengelolaan data buku di perpustakaan Teknik Lingkungan masih dilakukan menggunakan microsoft office excel, sedangkan pengelolaan data anggota dan data peminjaman masih dicatat secara manual. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan sebuah penelitian untuk membangun sebuah sistem informasi perpustakaan yang dapat mempermudah pengelolaan data dan aktivitas perpustakaan di Program Studi Teknik Lingkungan. Sistem informasi perpustakaan terkomputerisasi ini diharapkan dapat membantu pengelolaan data buku dan data anggota, transaksi peminjaman dan pengembalian buku, serta menghasilkan laporan untuk keperluan administrasi perpustakaan, sehingga dapat meningkatkan efektifitas kinerja karyawan. Sistem informasi perpustakaan ini berbasis web, dikembangkan dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan basis data MySQL, serta menggunakan framework CodeIgniter. Sistem informasi ini juga dilengkapi dengan barcode reader yang digunakan untuk mempermudah pengelolaan data buku. Penelitian dikembangkan dengan metode SDLC (System Development Life Cycle. Langkah-langkah penelitian meliputi tahap perencanaan, tahap analisis, tahap perancangaan, tahap implementasi, tahap pengujian, dan tahap pemeliharaan. Sistem dirancang dengan menggunakan diagram UML (Unified Modelling Language dan diuji dengan pengujian kotak hitam (blackbox testing. Semua menu dalam sistem informasi perpustakaan dan barcode reader dapat bekerja dengan baik. Sistem informasi perpustakaan telah diimplementasikan di Program Studi Teknik Lingkungan Fakultas Teknik UNDIP. Sistem informasi ini menambah kualitas pelayanan pada perpustakaan Teknik Lingkungan.

Implementasi Sistem Perparkiran Otomatis dengan Menentukan Posisi Parkir Berbasis RFId

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FREEON ALKAPON IMBIRI

2016-02-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Apartemen merupakan salah satu tempat tinggal yang ideal di kota metropolitan yang menyediakan banyak fasilitas bagi penghuninya. Salah satu fasilitas tersebut adalah tersedianya area parkir yang memadai dan nyaman bagi penghuni yang memiliki kendaraan, pada kenyataannya saat ini sistem perparkiran yang digunakan masih bermasalah. Masalah yang ditimbulkan dalam sistem perparkiran adalah kurangnya informasi mengenai lahan parkir yang kosong serta penempatan kendaraan yang tidak sesuai sehingga sering kali pemilik kendaraan membutuhkan waktu yang lama untuk sekedar menemukan tempat parkir yang kosong. Berdasarkan hal itu diperlukan sebuah sistem monitoring parkir yang memudahkan pengendara kendaraan yang hendak parkir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang dan merealisasikan model sistem monitoring perparkiran dengan fasilitas pemilihan area parkir menggunakan Teknologi RFId. Perangkat lunak yang digunakan pada sistem ini dirancang dengan menggunakan bahasa C#. Pada sistem ini proses pengambilan data secara kontinyu menggunakan mikrokontroler Atmega16 sebagai komponen kendali utamanya. Pengujian dilakukan secara simulasi pada miniatur perparkiran. Hasil pengujian model sistem perparkiran dapat menampilkan kondisi dari masing-masing area parkir yang ditampilkan pada display. Sistem pengambilan data secara kontinyu menggunakan kartu RFId sistem ini dapat menggantikan operator. Sensor cahaya (LED dan LDR akan berlogika 1 jika ada mobil yang lewat. Kata kunci: Parkir, RFId, LED, LDR, Mikrokontroler, Atmega16, Microsoft Acess, C#. ABSTRACT Apartment is an ideal place of living in a big city ,it provides a lot of facilities .One of apartment facilities is a parking lot that are adequate and comfortable for its occupants who have vehicles . Problems caused in the parking system is the lack of information regarding the parking lot is empty and the placement of the vehicle that is not in accordance with the wishes so that often the owner of the

The association between blood pressure and whole blood methylmercury in a cross-sectional study among Inuit in Greenland

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Anni Brit Sternhagen; Davidsen, Michael; Bjerregaard, Peter

2012-01-01

to a high exposure of methylmercury. We examined the relation between whole blood mercury and blood pressure (BP) in Inuit in Greenland. METHODS: A cross-sectional population-based study among adult Inuit in Greenland was performed in 2005-2009. Information on socio-demography, lifestyle, BP, blood samples...... whole blood mercury concentrations, diastolic BP and the risk of hypertension decreased among men in the study: this may be explained by confounding by exercise or unknown factors.......BACKGROUND: The Inuit in Greenland have a high average consumption of marine species and are highly exposed to methylmercury, which in other studies has been related to hypertension. Data on the relation between methylmercury and hypertension is limited, especially in populations subjected...

Methylmercury bioaccumulation in invertebrates of boreal streams in Norway: Effects of aqueous methylmercury and diet retention

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wit, Heleen A. de; Kainz, Martin J.; Lindholm, Markus

2012-01-01

Transfer of aqueous methylmercury (MeHg) to primary consumers in aquatic foodwebs is poorly understood despite its importance for bioaccumulation of MeHg. We studied bioaccumulation of MeHg in simple aquatic food chains of two humic boreal streams in relation to streamwater chemistry, food web characteristics and dietary fatty acid (FA) biomarkers. Transfer of aqueous MeHg into primary consumers was similar in both streams, resulting in higher MeHg in consumers in the MeHg-rich stream. Trophic enrichment of MeHg and dietary retention of FA biomarkers was the same in both streams, suggesting that exposure to aqueous MeHg at the base of the food chain determined levels of MeHg in biota. In addition, contents of dietary biomarkers suggested that ingestion of algae reduced MeHg bioaccumulation, while ingestion of bacteria stimulated MeHg uptake. Dietary uptake of bacteria could thus be an important pathway for MeHg-transfer at the bottom of food chains in humic streams. - Highlights: ► We examined MeHg bioaccumulation in simple food chains in two boreal streams. ► Higher MeHg in invertebrates was associated with higher aqueous MeHg. ► Dietary biomarkers showed that consumers in both streams accessed similar food sources. ► We concluded at exposure to aqueous MeHg determined bioaccumulation of MeHg. ► Seasonal variation in MeHg in biota could be related to diet using dietary biomarkers. - Exposure to aqueous methylmercury at the base of the food chain in boreal streams determines mercury in aquatic biota at higher trophic levels.

RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI PEMBAYARAN SUMBANGAN PENUNJANG PENDIDIKAN DI SMP MUHAMMADIYAH I JERUKLEGI-CILACAP

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Melia Dianingrum

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat sistem informasi pembayaran SPP di SMP Muhammadiyah I Jeruklegi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan untuk membuat aplikasi ini adalah metode kepustakaan, metode observasi, dan metode wawancara. Untuk pengembangan sistem dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode SDLC (System Development Life Cycle, dengan teknik pengembangan sistem waterfall model dan analisis PIECES untuk menganalisis kelayakan tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini berupa aplikasi sistem pembayaran SPP di SMP Muhammadiyah I Jeruklegi-Cilacap.

Studi Pemilihan Sistem Supply Listrik Dengan Pendekatan Topsis Dan Desain Sistem Kelistrikan Pada Onshore Receiving Facility LNG Di Celukan Bawang, Buleleng, Bali.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fadilla Indrayuni Prastyasari

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Liqueafied Natural Gas (LNG merupakan gas alam yang sudah dikonversi menjadi fase cair pada kisaran temperatur -161°C pada tekanan atmosfer. Konversi ini mereduksi volume 600 kali lebih kecil dari volume gas alam sehingga LNG lebih bernilai ekonomis untuk disimpan dan ditransportasikan. LNG dapat menjadi solusi alternatif bahan bakar bagi pembangkit listrik di Indonesia. Disamping kelebihan dari LNG, hanya sedikit gas yang dimanfaatkan langsung oleh Indonesia karena kurangnya sarana dan prasarana yang mendukung. Salah satu sarana yang dapat mendukung pendistribusian LNG adalah terminal penerima LNG dan sistem pendukungnya, kapal LNG dan dermaga, unit regasifikasi, dan yang lainnya. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memilih sistem supply listrik menggunakan metode TOPSIS dan selanjutnya mendesain sistem kelistrikan untuk ORF di Celukan Bawang – Buleleng. LNG didistribusikan menuju ke tiga pembangkit listrik yang ada di Bali: Pesanggaran, Gilimanuk, dan Pemaron. Beberapa peralatan utama dari ORF yang dipertimbangkan adalah tangki penyimpanan, kompresor BOG, recondenser, pompa kriogenik, loading arm dan lainnya, dengan total kebutuhan daya sebesar 214,6 kW. Peralatan tersebut membutuhkan sistem supply listrik yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan listrik dari seluruh peralatan di ORF. Terdapat tiga alternatif dari sumber listrik, yaitu diesel engine generator, gas engine generator, dan supply listrik dari PLN (Perusahaan Listrik Negara. Alternatif terbaik kemudian akan dipilih menggunakan metode TOPSIS dengan dua metode pembobotan yang berbeda. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa alternatif terbaik adalah supply listrik dari PLN. Dengan menggunakan hasil seleksi, akan dibuat desain sistem kelistrikan untuk ORF dan setiap terminal penerima LNG mini di setiap pembangkit listrik yang terdiri dari wiring diagram dan oneline diagram.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Business Intelligence Universitas Sebagai Pendukung Pengambilan Keputusan Akademik

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Zainal Arifin

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Sistem business intelligence universitas dimulai dengan tahapan integrasi data, analisis data, membuat laporan dan membuatweb portal dan kemudian mengitegrasikan laporan tersebut dengan web portal. Analisis data diolah dengan OLAP, KPI dandata mining untuk mengekstrak informasi dari data yang tersimpan didalam data warehouse. Hasil proses analisis datatersebut di representasikan dalam bentuk laporan statistik dan dashboard, kemudian digunakan sebagai pendukungpengambilan keputusan akademik. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang bangun sistem business intelligence universitassebagai pendukung pengambilan keputusan akademik pada Universitas Mulawarman berbasis web dengan OLAP. Penelitianini menghasilkan kerangka sistem dan web portal sistem business intelligence universitas yang diakses melalui browsersecara online. Business Intelligence dapat digunakan sebagai solusi untuk mempertimbangkan proses pengambilan keputusandalam pengelolaan universitas dan solusi dalam peningkatan kinerja pengelolaan akademik untuk mencapai keunggulanakademik.Kata kunci : Business Intelligence; Data warehouse; OLAP; KPI; Data mining

Dietary Mercury Exposure Resulted in Behavioral Differences in Mice Contaminated with Fish-Associated Methylmercury Compared to Methylmercury Chloride Added to Diet

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Jean-Paul Bourdineaud

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Methylmercury (MeHg is a potent neurotoxin, and humans are mainly exposed to this pollutant through fish consumption. However, in classical toxicological studies, pure methylmercury chloride (MeHgCl is injected, given to drink or incorporated within feed assuming that its effects are identical to those of MeHg naturally associated to fish. In the present study, we wanted to address the question whether a diet containing MeHg associated to fish could result in observable adverse effects in mice as compared to a diet containing the same concentration of MeHg added pure to the diet and whether beneficial nutriments from fish were able to counterbalance the deleterious effects of fish-associated mercury, if any. After two months of feeding, the fish-containing diet resulted in significant observable effects as compared to the control and MeHg-containing diets, encompassing altered behavioral performances as monitored in a Y-shaped maze and an open field, and an increased dopamine metabolic turnover in hippocampus, despite the fact that the fish-containing diet was enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids and selenium compared to the fish-devoid diets.

PEMETAAN SARANA DAN PRASARANA OBJEK PARIWISATA DI KABUPATEN SEMARANG JAWA TENGAH MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFI

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Febrian Wahyu Christanto

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Salah satu manfaat dari Sistem Informasi Geografis adalah untuk memperkenalkan daerah yang berada di permukaan bumi dalam bentuk peta digital. Sistem ini bertujuan untuk mengubah peta tradisional ke dalam bentuk sistem bersama dengan informasi yang dibutuhkan oleh pemakainya. Mengacu pada kegunaan Sistem Informasi Geografis ini, penelitian bertujuan untuk membuat sistem informasi geografis untuk pariwisata di Kabupaten Semarang untuk lebih memperkenalkan objek wisata di daerah ini. Dengan dukungan teknologi, internet, dan aplikasi lainnya, diharapkan aplikasi ini dapat bekerja dengan baik sesuai dengan kegunaannya untuk memperkenalkan semua obyek wisata di Kabupaten Semarang.

Sodium selenosulfate at an innocuous dose markedly prevents cisplatin-induced gastrointestinal toxicity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li, Jun; Sun, Kang [School of Tea and Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui (China); Ni, Lijuan; Wang, Xufang [School of Chemistry and Materials of Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230052, Anhui (China); Wang, Dongxu [School of Tea and Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui (China); Zhang, Jinsong, E-mail: zjs@ahau.edu.cn [School of Tea and Food Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui (China)

2012-02-01

Our previous studies in mice revealed that two weeks short-term toxicity of sodium selenosulfate was significantly lower than that of sodium selenite, but selenium repletion efficacy of both compounds was equivalent. In addition, we showed that sodium selenosulfate reduced nephrotoxicity of cisplatin (CDDP) without compromising its anticancer activity, thus leading to a dramatic increase of cancer cure rate from 25% to 75%. Hydration has been used in clinical practice to reduce CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity, but it cannot mitigate CDDP-induced gastrointestinal toxicity. The present work investigated whether sodium selenosulfate is a potential preventive agent for the gastrointestinal toxicity. In tumor-bearing mice, sodium selenosulfate was administered at a dose of 9.5 μmol/kg daily for 11 days, CDDP alone resulted in diarrhea by 88% on day 12, whereas the co-administration of CDDP and sodium selenosulfate dramatically reduced diarrhea to 6% (p < 0.0001). Such a prominent protective effect promoted us to evaluate the safety potential of long-term sodium selenosulfate application. Mice were administered with sodium selenosulfate or sodium selenite for 55 days at the doses of 12.7 and 19 μmol/kg. The low-dose sodium selenite caused growth suppression and hepatotoxicity which were aggravated by the high-dose, leading to 40% mortality rate, but no toxic symptoms were observed in the two sodium selenosulfate groups. Altogether these results clearly show that sodium selenosulfate at an innocuous dose can markedly prevent CDDP-induced gastrointestinal toxicity. -- Highlights: ►Cisplatin resulted in diarrhea in mice by 88%. ►i.p. selenosulfate at 9.5 μmol/kg daily for 11 days reduced diarrhea to 6%. ►i.p. selenosulfate at 19 μmol/kg daily for 55 days was not toxic. ►i.p. selenite at 19 μmol/kg daily for 55 days was lethal. ►Innocuous dose of selenosulfate greatly prevents cisplatin-induced diarrhea.

Sodium selenosulfate at an innocuous dose markedly prevents cisplatin-induced gastrointestinal toxicity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Jun; Sun, Kang; Ni, Lijuan; Wang, Xufang; Wang, Dongxu; Zhang, Jinsong

2012-01-01

Our previous studies in mice revealed that two weeks short-term toxicity of sodium selenosulfate was significantly lower than that of sodium selenite, but selenium repletion efficacy of both compounds was equivalent. In addition, we showed that sodium selenosulfate reduced nephrotoxicity of cisplatin (CDDP) without compromising its anticancer activity, thus leading to a dramatic increase of cancer cure rate from 25% to 75%. Hydration has been used in clinical practice to reduce CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity, but it cannot mitigate CDDP-induced gastrointestinal toxicity. The present work investigated whether sodium selenosulfate is a potential preventive agent for the gastrointestinal toxicity. In tumor-bearing mice, sodium selenosulfate was administered at a dose of 9.5 μmol/kg daily for 11 days, CDDP alone resulted in diarrhea by 88% on day 12, whereas the co-administration of CDDP and sodium selenosulfate dramatically reduced diarrhea to 6% (p < 0.0001). Such a prominent protective effect promoted us to evaluate the safety potential of long-term sodium selenosulfate application. Mice were administered with sodium selenosulfate or sodium selenite for 55 days at the doses of 12.7 and 19 μmol/kg. The low-dose sodium selenite caused growth suppression and hepatotoxicity which were aggravated by the high-dose, leading to 40% mortality rate, but no toxic symptoms were observed in the two sodium selenosulfate groups. Altogether these results clearly show that sodium selenosulfate at an innocuous dose can markedly prevent CDDP-induced gastrointestinal toxicity. -- Highlights: ►Cisplatin resulted in diarrhea in mice by 88%. ►i.p. selenosulfate at 9.5 μmol/kg daily for 11 days reduced diarrhea to 6%. ►i.p. selenosulfate at 19 μmol/kg daily for 55 days was not toxic. ►i.p. selenite at 19 μmol/kg daily for 55 days was lethal. ►Innocuous dose of selenosulfate greatly prevents cisplatin-induced diarrhea.

PROTOTIPE SISTEM KONTROL JARAK JAUH BEBERAPA ALAT PENDINGIN RUANGAN BERBASIS RASPBERRY PI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

mochamad subianto

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Saat ini pengendalian on/off berbagai piranti listrik kebanyakan masih dikendalikan dengan menekan tombol saklar atau remote yang penggunaannya dengan jarak yang dekat. Untuk menjawab kebutuhan masyarakat tentang sistem kontrol yang cepat dan dinamis diperlukan suatu teknologi sistem kontrol jarak jauh yang memungkinkan proses secara cepat agar dapat menghemat waktu dan tenaga khususnya pengendalian beberapa alat pendingin ruangan yang berada di beberapa ruangan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lanjutan dari peneliti terdahulu dan menggunakan perangkat yang mempunyai teknolgi terbaru yaitu Raspberry Pi sebagai pengendali untuk membuat suatu sistem kontrol beberapa AC (Air Conditioning pada ruangan yang berbeda secara jarak jauh. Diharapkan dapat sebagai salah satu solusi untuk perkembangan gaya hidup dan dinamika sosial saat ini yang semakin mementingkan kepraktisan dan efisiensi. Metodologi penelitian yang akan digunakan menggunakan metodologi waterfall dengan tahap-tahapannya yaitu tinjauan pustaka, analisa kebutuhan pengguna, analisis sistem, perancangan sistem, implementasi dan pengujian. Hasil akhir dari penelitian adalah prototipe pengendali jarak jauh beberapa perangkat AC Raspberry Pi.

Penerapan Tipografi dalam Sistem Signage pada Interior Ruang Publik

OpenAIRE

Ulli Aulia Ruki; Amarena Nediari

2014-01-01

Sistem signage diaplikasikan pada sebuah interior ruang publik dengan memerhatikan dasar tipografi. Manfaat signage adalah memberikan kemudahan para pengguna ruang publik dalam mencapai tujuan saat mereka berada di dalam sebuah bangunan. Hal mendasar yang perlu diperhatikan dalam merencanakan sistem signage adalah kejelasan bentuk huruf serta kemudahan untuk dibaca. Masih banyak desainer yang kurang memerhatikan desain signage, sehingga terkadang desainnya memberikan kesan hanya s...

Konsep Dan Kinerja Dari Sistem Hybrid OCDMA/WDM Untuk Local Area Network

OpenAIRE

Nasaruddin, Nasaruddin

2011-01-01

Peningkatan kapasitas, distribusi bandwidth dan daya merupakan beberapa isu penting untuk aplikasi local area network (LAN). Saat ini, teknologi fiber optik sudah dapat mendukung jaringan akses dengan kecepatan tinggi untuk layanan multimedia diantaranya teknologi OCDMA dan WDM. Penambahan kapasitas transmisi LAN bisa dilakukan dengan penggabungan sistem transmisi OCDMA dengan WDM. Untuk itu, paper ini mengusulkan konsep dan kinerja dari sistem hybrid OCDMA/WDM. Sistem hybrid OCDMA/WDM ini be...

ANALISIS SISTEM KONTROL MOTOR DC SEBAGAI FUNGSI DAYA DAN TEGANGAN TERHADAP KALOR

OpenAIRE

Dzakwan, Akhmad

2008-01-01

Telah dilakukan penelitian daya dan sistem kontrol tegangan rangkaian peningkatan suhu motor DC. Banyak energi listrik yang diubah menjadi panas sehingga dapat menyebabkan peningkatan suhu motor DC pada stator dan rotor. Dalam penelitian ini, daya dan sistem kontrol tegangan rangkaian mendeteksi peningkatan suhu motor DC dan juga sebagai umpan balik variabel. Kontrol sistem pasokan tenaga listrik berdasarkan perubahan tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini kami memperoleh tenaga maksimum dan tegangan...

HUBUNGAN PENERAPAN SISTEM PENGGAJIAN DENGAN KOMITMEN DAN PRODUKTIVITAS KARYAWAN PT. DWIPAHASTA UTAMADUTA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Priyo Tri Nugroho

2017-01-01

Full Text Available The objective of the research is to discover the perception of the employee on the implementation of payroll system in PT Dwipahasta Utamaduta; know the relationship between the implementation of payroll system with the commitment of PT Dwipahasta Utamaduta employee and give a policy solution.  The research uses qualitative and quantitative approach.  To analyze the relationship, the research used Rank Spearman to analyze the existing or non-existing inter variable correlation.  The result of the research shows that 1 most of the employee knows, understands, and feels the payroll system implementation is suitable with the real condition; 2 a one way relation and significant relationship between the payroll system with the commitment of the employee; 3 a one way relation and significant relationship between the payroll system with the productivity of the employee; 4 the management implements consistently the payroll system and evaluates periodically. Keywords: commitment, semantic difference, productivity, payroll systemAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui persepsi karyawan terhadap penerapan sistem penggajian di PT Dwipahasta Utamaduta; mengetahui hubungan antara penerapan sistem penggajian dengan komitmen karyawan PT Dwipahasta Utamaduta; mengetahui hubungan antara penerapan sistem penggajian dengan produktivitas kerja karyawan PT Dwipahasta Utamaduta; dan memberikan solusi kebijakan yang seharusnya diambil perusahaan. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Uji korelasi menggunakan korelasi Rank Spearman untuk menganalisis ada tidaknya hubungan antar variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1 mayoritas karyawan mengetahui, memahami dan merasakan sistem penggajian yang diterapkan sudah sesuai kondisi yang sebenarnya; 2 hubungan yang searah dan signifikan antara sistem penggajian dengan komitmen karyawan; 3 hubungan yang searah dan  signifikan antara sistem penggajian dengan produktivitas karyawan; 4 manajemen

Determination of mercury and methylmercury in fishes of the Danube caught 1977 in Upper Austria

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Teherani, D.K.; Stehlik, G.; Tehrani, N.; Hinteregger, J.

1977-09-01

In 22 fishes from the Upper Austria part of the Danube mercury was determined by means of atomic absorption spectroscopy after a chemical pretreatment. 6 fishes from these also were proved in regard to their methylmercury content. About 40% of these fish smples showed Hg-concentrations of<=0,2 ppm, 50% of 0,21 - 0,5 ppm and 10% 0f 0,51 -1,03 ppm. The fraction of methylmercury in 6 fishes amounted between 6 and 72% of the total mercury content. (author)

Public health benefits of hair-mercury analysis and dietary advice in lowering methylmercury exposure in pregnant women

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kirk, Line E; Jørgensen, Jan S; Nielsen, Flemming

2017-01-01

recruited from the antenatal clinic at a Danish university hospital at their initial ultrasound scan. Dietary advice was provided on avoiding methylmercury exposure from large predatory fish and a hair sample from each participant was analysed for mercury, with the results being communicated shortly......AIMS: To evaluate whether a public health intervention using focused dietary advice combined with a hair-mercury analysis can lower neurotoxic methylmercury exposure among pregnant women without decreasing their overall intake of seafood. METHODS: A total of 146 pregnant women were consecutively......% three months later. Average hair-mercury concentrations decreased by 21%. However, the total seafood intake remained at the same level after three months. CONCLUSIONS: Increased exposure to methylmercury among pregnant women is an important public health concern in Denmark. The observed lowering of hair...

Evaluating the role of mitochondrial DNA variation to the genetic predisposition to radiation-induced toxicity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fachal, Laura; Mosquera-Miguel, Ana; Gómez-Caamaño, Antonio; Sánchez-García, Manuel; Calvo, Patricia; Lobato-Busto, Ramón; Salas, Antonio; Vega, Ana

2014-01-01

Background and purpose: Mitochondrial DNA common variants have been reported to be associated with the development of radiation-induced toxicity. Using a large cohort of patients, we aimed to validate these findings by investigating the potential role of common European mitochondrial DNA SNPs (mtSNPs) to the development of radio-toxicity. Material and methods: Overall acute and late toxicity data were assessed in a cohort of 606 prostate cancer patients by means of Standardized Total Average Toxicity (STAT) score. We carried out association tests between radiation toxicity and a selection of 15 mtSNPs (and the haplogroups defined by them). Results: Statistically significant association between mtSNPs and haplogroups with toxicity could not be validated in our Spanish cohort. Conclusions: The present study suggests that the mtDNA common variants analyzed are not associated with clinically relevant increases in risk of overall radiation-induced toxicity in prostate cancer patients

Pemodelan Enterprise Architecture Sistem Informasi Akademik SMA PL Don Bosko Semarang Dengan Framework Zachman

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Alfonsa Chintia Dea Prananingrum

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Abstrak SMA PL Don Bosko Semarang belum dapat memanfaatkan teknologi komputer secara optimal karena masih menggunakan cara manual dalam pengelolaan berbagai macam data akademik sehingga memberikan masalah seperti lambatnya dalam pembuatan laporan yang menyulitkan kepala sekolah dalam pengambilan keputusan. Oleh sebab itu, SMA PL Don Bosko Semarang membutuhkan Sistem Informasi Akademik untuk memberikan kemudahan dalam mengelola berbagai macam data akademik secara terintegrasi serta memberikan layanan yang lebih baik kepada siswanya. Sebuah model architecture enterprise Sistem Informasi Akademik dibutuhkan agar meminimalisir kegagalan ketika menerapkan sistem tersebut sekaligus dapat berjalan sesuai kebutuhan di SMA PL Don Bosko Semarang. Metode analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Framework Zachman yang memberikan pondasi dalam membantu menyediakan struktur dasar organisasi sehingga dapat mendukung perancangan dan pengembangan sistem informasi suatu organisasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa blueprint (cetak biru pemodelan Sistem Informasi Akademik. Kata kunci— sistem informasi akademik, architecture enterprise, framework zachman, bluprint

Usulan Sistem Pemesanan Untuk Meningkatkan Service Level Pada Sistem Heijunka

OpenAIRE

Hartini, Sri; Fanani, Zainal; Rachimi A., Luki

2008-01-01

PT X merupakan distributor  yang melayani permintaan suku cadang untuk wilayah Jawa Tengah dan Yogyakarta. Salah satu ukuran kepuasan pelanggan adalah service level.Berdasarkan data perusahaan pada bulan Januari – April 2007, service level global untuk keseluruhan item masih berada dibawah target service level yang ditetapkan oleh perusahaan. Pada penelitian ini diberikan usulan perbaikan pada sistem peramalan dan model pemesanan untuk item kritis, yaitu item 90915-TE001 dan 85214-0A...

Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Sistem Pemesanan Bunga Berbasis Android

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sri Ambar Pratiwi

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Android adalah sistem operasi bergerak (mobile operating system yang mengadopsi sistem operasi Linux, namun telah dimodifikasi. Android merupakan sistem operasi yang terbuka bagi para pengembang untuk menciptakan aplikasi mereka sendiri secara bebas. Bisnis online memiliki prospek yang cukup besar pada saat ini dan dimasa mendatang dimana hampir semua orang menginginkan kepraktisan dan kemudahan dalam hal memenuhi kebutuhan. Perdagangan produk bunga biasanya dipasarkan dengan pasif atau dengan menempati sebuah tempat untuk memasarkannya atau yang biasa disebut toko bunga atau sudah ada yang menggunakan Online Marketing melalui email dan web. Aplikasi pemesanan bunga berbasis android ini bertujuan untuk mempermudah pemasaran produk dan menjangkau konsumen melalui smartphone yang dimiliki masing-masing konsumen. Software yang digunakan dalam pembuatan aplikasi ini adalah Eclipse dengan menggunakan metode Hybrid Apps yaitu gabungan Java dengan PHP dengan menggunakan fungsi WebView.   Kata Kunci : Android, Online Marketing, Toko Bunga, Eclipse, Hybrid Apps, Webview.

Mercury and methylmercury in hair of selected groups of Czech population

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Wranová, K.; Čejchanová, M.; Spěváčková, V.; Korunová, Vlasta; Vobecký, Miloslav; Spěváček, V.

2009-01-01

Roč. 17, č. 1 (2009), s. 36-40 ISSN 1210-7778 R&D Projects: GA MZd NR8955 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40310501 Keywords : inorganic mercury * methylmercury * hair Subject RIV: CB - Analytical Chemistry, Separation

Determination of methylmercury in fish tissue by gas chromatography with microwave-induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry after derivatization with sodium tetraphenylborate.

Science.gov (United States)

Palmieri, H E; Leonel, L V

2000-03-01

The detection of methylmercury species (MeHg) in fish tissue was investigated. Samples were digested with KOH-methanol and acidified prior to extraction with methylene chloride. MeHg was back-extracted from the organic phase into water. An aliquot of this aqueous solution (buffered to pH 5) was subjected to derivatization with sodium tetraphenylborate (NaBPh4) and then extracted with toluene. The organic phase containing MePhHg was injected into a gas chromatograph (GC) which is on-line with a microwave-induced plasma atomic emission spectrometer (MIP-AED). The quantification limit was about 0.6 microg/g and 0.1 microg/g of MeHg (as Hg) for 0.08 g of freeze-dried fish powder and 0.5 g of fresh samples, respectively. Two certified reference materials, CRM 464 (tuna fish) from Community Bureau of Reference-BCR and DORM-2 (dogfish muscle) from National Research Council Canada-NRC were selected for checking the accuracy of the method. This methodology was applied to the determination of MeHg in some kinds of fish from the Carmo river with alluvial gold recovery activities ("garimpos") in Mariana, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Determination of methylmercury in fish tissue by gas chromatography with microwave-induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry after derivatization with sodium tetraphenylborate

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Palmieri, H.E.L.; Leonel, L.V. [Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear - Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear, Belo Horizonte (Brazil)

2000-03-01

The detection of methylmercury species (MeHg) in fish tissue was investigated. Samples were digested with KOH-methanol and acidified prior to extraction with methylene chloride. MeHg was back-extracted from the organic phase into water. An aliquot of this aqueous solution (buffered to pH 5) was subjected to derivatization with sodium tetraphenylborate (NaBPh{sub 4}) and then extracted with toluene. The organic phase containing MePhHg was injected into a gas chromatograph (GC) which is on-line with a microwave-induced plasma atomic emission spectrometer (MIP-AED). The quantification limit was about 0.6 {mu}g/g and 0.1 {mu}g/g of MeHg (as Hg) for 0.08 g of freeze-dried fish powder and 0.5 g of fresh samples, respectively. Two certified reference materials, CRM 464 (tuna fish) from Community Bureau of Reference-BCR and DORM-2 (dogfish muscle) from National Research Council Canada-NRC were selected for checking the accuracy of the method. This methodology was applied to the determination of MeHg in some kinds of fish from the Carmo river with alluvial gold recovery activities (''garimpos'') in Mariana, Minas Gerais, Brazil. (orig.)

Methylmercury in the Gulf of Mexico: State of Knowledge and Research Needs

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

2004-01-01

The Interagency Working Group on Methylmercury was formed in response to concern about potential adverse effects on human health associated with consumption of fish and shellfish in the Gulf of Mexico...

Carvedilol-mediated antioxidant protection against doxorubicin-induced cardiac mitochondrial toxicity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oliveira, Paulo J.; Bjork, James A.; Santos, Maria S.; Leino, Richard L.; Froberg, M. Kent; Moreno, Antonio J.; Wallace, Kendall B.

2004-01-01

The cardiotoxicity associated with doxorubicin (DOX) therapy limits the total cumulative dose and therapeutic success of active anticancer chemotherapy. Cardiac mitochondria are implicated as primary targets for DOX toxicity, which is believed to be mediated by the generation of highly reactive free radical species of oxygen from complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. The objective of this study was to determine if the protection demonstrated by carvedilol (CV), a β-adrenergic receptor antagonist with strong antioxidant properties, against DOX-induced mitochondrial-mediated cardiomyopathy [Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 185 (2002) 218] is attributable to its antioxidant properties or its β-adrenergic receptor antagonism. Our results confirm that DOX induces oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and histopathological lesions in the cardiac tissue, all of which are inhibited by carvedilol. In contrast, atenolol (AT), a β-adrenergic receptor antagonist lacking antioxidant properties, preserved phosphate energy charge but failed to protect against any of the indexes of DOX-induced oxidative mitochondrial toxicity. We therefore conclude that the cardioprotective effects of carvedilol against DOX-induced mitochondrial cardiotoxicity are due to its inherent antioxidant activity and not to its β-adrenergic receptor antagonism

Intra- and inter-basin mercury comparisons: Importance of basin scale and time-weighted methylmercury estimates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bradley, Paul M.; Journey, Celeste A.; Brigham, Mark E.; Burns, Douglas A.; Button, Daniel T.; Riva-Murray, Karen

2013-01-01

To assess inter-comparability of fluvial mercury (Hg) observations at substantially different scales, Hg concentrations, yields, and bivariate-relations were evaluated at nested-basin locations in the Edisto River, South Carolina and Hudson River, New York. Differences between scales were observed for filtered methylmercury (FMeHg) in the Edisto (attributed to wetland coverage differences) but not in the Hudson. Total mercury (THg) concentrations and bivariate-relationships did not vary substantially with scale in either basin. Combining results of this and a previously published multi-basin study, fish Hg correlated strongly with sampled water FMeHg concentration (ρ = 0.78; p = 0.003) and annual FMeHg basin yield (ρ = 0.66; p = 0.026). Improved correlation (ρ = 0.88; p < 0.0001) was achieved with time-weighted mean annual FMeHg concentrations estimated from basin-specific LOADEST models and daily streamflow. Results suggest reasonable scalability and inter-comparability for different basin sizes if wetland area or related MeHg-source-area metrics are considered. - Highlights: ► National scale mercury assessments integrate small scale study results. ► Basin scale differences and representativeness of fluvial mercury samples are concerns. ► Wetland area, not basin size, predicts inter-basin methylmercury variability. ► Time-weighted methylmercury estimates improve the prediction of mercury in basin fish. - Fluvial methylmercury concentration correlates with wetland area not basin scale and time-weighted estimates better predict basin top predator mercury than discrete sample estimates.

Studi Perencanaan Migrasi Sistem Digital Oleh Penyelenggara Radio Trunking di Indonesia

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Awangga Febian Surya Admaja

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Sistem Radio Trunking merupakan sistem radio yang berbasis repeater untuk satu atau lebih menara dengan menggunakan lebih dari satu frekuensi, dimana pengguna secara semi-privat dapat memiliki kanal tersendiri untuk melakukan pembicaraan secara grup. Di Indonesia, alokasi pada pita frekuensi radio trunking analog direncanakan akan digunakan untuk trunking digital, dimana aplikasi sistem radio trunking  yang baru harus menggunakan teknologi trunking digital dan sistem analog yang ada disyaratkan untuk beralih ke teknologi digital. Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat seberapa besar kesiapan dari penyelenggara radio trunking di Indonesia dalam melakukan migrasi radio trunking digital. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam dan didukung dengan data kuantitatif untuk menunjukkan nilai indeks kesiapan dari penyelenggara radio trunking. Studi ini menghasilkan nilai indeks kesiapan dari sampel penyelenggara radio trunking dengan skema perencanaan migrasi sesuai dengan nilai indeks kesiapan.

Pembuatan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Klinik dengan Rekam Medis: Studi Kasus di Klinik Kebon Arum Boyolali

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yanuar Wisnu Triaji

2017-01-01

Proses pendaftaran, pemeriksaan, pembayaran, pelaporan dan karyawan administrasi di klinik sangat tidak efisien, dibutuhkan suatu sistem untuk membantu dan mempermudah pengguna dalam proses rekam medis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan sistem informasi manajemen untuk klinik, yaitu klinik Kebon Arum di Boyolali. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Waterfall yang terdiri dari rencana kebutuhan, proses desain, dan implementasi. Aplikasi ini dibangun dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP, codeigniter framework, serta basis data MySQL. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah aplikasi sistem informasi manajemen klinik dan sistem ini dapat mengatasi masalah pada pendaftaran klinik, antrian, layanan, pembayaran dan data pasien.

The Simplest Flowchart Stating the Mechanisms for Organic Xenobiotics-induced Toxicity: Can it Possibly be Accepted as a “Central Dogma” for Toxic Mechanisms?

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Sundong; Cho, Myung-Haing

2014-01-01

Xenobiotics causing a variety of toxicity in biological systems could be classified as two types, inorganic and organic chemicals. It is estimated that the organic xenobiotics are responsible for approximately 80~90% of chemical-induced toxicity in human population. In the class for toxicology, we have encountered some difficulties in explaining the mechanisms of toxicity caused especially by organic chemicals. Here, a simple flowchart was introduced for explaining the mechanism of toxicity caused by organic xenobiotics, as the central dogma of molecular biology. This flowchart, referred to as a central dogma, was described based on a view of various aspects as follows: direct-acting chemicals vs. indirect-acting chemicals, cytochrome P450-dependent vs. cytochrome P450-independent biotransformation, reactive intermediates, reactivation, toxicokinetics vs. toxicodynamics, and reversibility vs. irreversibility. Thus, the primary objective of this flowchart is to help better understanding of the organic xenobiotics-induced toxic mechanisms, providing a major pathway for toxicity occurring in biological systems. PMID:25343011

Methotrexate-induced toxicity pharmacogenetics: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Science.gov (United States)

Campbell, Jared M; Bateman, Emma; Stephenson, Matthew D; Bowen, Joanne M; Keefe, Dorothy M; Peters, Micah D J

2016-07-01

Methotrexate chemotherapy is associated with various toxicities which can result in the interruption or discontinuation of treatment and a subsequently raised risk of relapse. This umbrella systematic review was conducted to synthesize the results of all existing systematic reviews that investigate the pharmacogenetics of methotrexate-induced toxicity, with the aim of developing a comprehensive reference for personalized medicine. Databases searched were PubMed, Embase, JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, DARE, and ProQuest. Papers were critically appraised by two reviewers, and data were extracted using a standardized tool. Three systematic reviews on methotrexate-induced toxicity were included in the review. Meta-analyses were reported across Asian, Caucasian, pediatric and adult patients for the MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms. Toxicity outcomes included different forms of hematologic, ectodermal and hepatic toxicities. Results varied considerably depending on the patient groups and subgroups investigated in the different systematic reviews, as well as the genetic models utilized. However, significant associations were found between the MTHFR C677T allele and; hepatic toxicity, myelosuppression, oral mucositis, gastrointestinal toxicity, and skin toxicity. Additionally, limited evidence suggests that the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism may be associated with decreased risk of skin toxicity and leukopenia. This umbrella systematic review has synthesized the best available evidence on the pharmacogenetics of methotrexate toxicity. The next step in making personalized medicine for methotrexate therapy a clinical reality is research on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of MTHFR genotype testing to enable the close monitoring of at-risk patients for the timely initiation of rescue therapies.

Methylmercury exposure and adverse cardiovascular effects in Faroese whaling men

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Choi, Anna L; Weihe, Pal; Budtz-Jørgensen, Esben

2009-01-01

BACKGROUND: Methylmercury (MeHg), a worldwide contaminant found in fish and seafood, has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. OBJECTIVE: We examined 42 Faroese whaling men (30-70 years of age) to assess possible adverse effects within a wide range of MeHg exposures from...

Adverse effects of methylmercury (MeHg) on life parameters, antioxidant systems, and MAPK signaling pathways in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Young Hwan; Kang, Hye-Min; Kim, Duck-Hyun; Wang, Minghua; Jeong, Chang-Bum; Lee, Jae-Seong

2017-03-01

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a concerning environmental pollutant that bioaccumulates and biomagnifies in the aquatic food web. However, the effects of MeHg on marine zooplankton are poorly understood even though zooplankton are considered key mediators of the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of MeHg in high-trophic marine organisms. Here, the toxicity of MeHg in the benthic copepod Tigriopus japonicus was assessed, and its adverse effects on growth rate and reproduction were demonstrated. Antioxidant enzymatic activities were increased in the presence of MeHg, indicating that these enzymes play an important role in the defense response to MeHg, which is regulated by a complex mechanism. Subsequent activation of different patterns of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways was demonstrated, providing a mechanistic approach to understand the signaling pathways involved in the effects of MeHg. Our results provide valuable information for understanding the toxicity of MeHg and the underlying defense mechanism in response to MeHg exposure in marine zooplankton. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Model description of trophodynamic behavior of methylmercury in a marine aquatic system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tong Yindong; Zhang Wei; Hu Xindi; Ou Langbo; Hu Dan; Yang Tianjun; Wei Wen; Wang Xuejun

2012-01-01

A marine food web in Bohai Bay, China, was selected to study methylmercury (MeHg) bioaccumulation, and an aquivalence-based mass balance model was established to explore the possibility of predicting the MeHg concentrations and quantifying MeHg bioaccumulation in the food web. Results showed that both total mercury (THg) and MeHg were biomagnified in the food web. The calculated MeHg concentrations in the selected species agreed well with the measured values, which shows the model could be a useful tool in MeHg concentration prediction in food web. Model outputs also showed that metabolism and growth dilution could be the dominant mechanisms for the reduction of MeHg levels in aquatic organisms. With the increase of trophic level, the contribution of food as a MeHg source for organism is increasing, and MeHg from prey was the dominant source. - Highlights: ► We model the bioaccumulation of methylmercury in a marine aquatic food web. ► Aquivalence-based mass balance model could quantify MeHg trophic transfer. ► Metabolism and growth dilution are dominant mechanisms of MeHg reduction in organisms. ► With increase of trophic levels, contribution of food as MeHg source is increasing. - Aquivalence-based mass balance model was established to study methylmercury bioaccumulation in a marine food web.

PEMANFAATAN ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE PLANNING UNTUK PERENCANAAN STRATEGIS SISTEM INFORMASI

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Kridanto Surendro

2007-01-01

Full Text Available In the endeavor to attain its goal, an enterprise strives to undertake challenges and changes of which strategies for effective measures and efficient resource usage become necessary. To this necessity, the role of information system for supporting and enhancing enterprise performance has become more strategic and widely established. This elicits mission for information system and advises a general course of action to give a unified direction for planning, implementation and control in alignment with enterprise business strategy. A planning that identifies enterprise's information requirement and possible innovations in technology utilization for enhancing enterprise performance is a first step to begin the fulfillment of information system mission. Such a planning can be satisfied by employing Enterprise Architecture Planning methodology, which is purposed to deliver data architecture, application architecture, technology architecture and implementation plan. Implementation plan is comprised of a sequence of application development and technology platform migration / acquisition. Such a sequence is elaborated further according to business aspect as a main drive, organizational aspect which addresses people who will be involved in implementation, information system and information technology environment aspect as an interface for existing and future systems, and application development aspect which interconnects one stage in the development sequence with another. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Pencapaian tujuan suatu enterprise menghadapi berbagai tantangan serta perubahan yang memerlukan strategi untuk langkah-langkah efektif dan pemanfaatan sumber daya yang efisien. Salah satu strategi yang penting dan semakin banyak digunakan adalah pemanfaatan dan peningkatan dukungan sistem informasi bagi enterprise. Penerapan strategi ini mengembankan misi pada sistem informasi yang pemenuhannya memerlukan keterpaduan arah dalam perencanaan, pelaksanaan

The efficacy of Pistacia Terebinthus soap in the treatment of cetuximab-induced skin toxicity.

Science.gov (United States)

Tastekin, Didem; Tambas, Makbule; Kilic, Kemal; Erturk, Kayhan; Arslan, Deniz

2014-12-01

This open-labeled phase II, efficacy-finding study evaluated the efficiency and safety of Pistacia terebinthus soap in metastatic colorectal cancer patients who developed cetuximab induced skin toxicity. Patients who received cetuximab plus chemotherapy and developed Grade 2 or 3 skin toxicity were treated twice daily with a soap made of oil extracted from Pistacia terebinthus. During treatment, no topical or oral antibiotics, corticosteroids or other moisturizers were used. Patients were examined 1 week later and their photographs were taken. Fifteen mCRC patients who developed skin toxicity while receiving first-line CTX in combination with chemotherapy were included into the study. Eight patients were male and the median age was 58 (25-70). Sixty percent of the patients (n:9) had Grade 3 skin toxicity. Complete response rates in patients with Grade 2 and Grade 3 skin toxicities were 100 and 33%, respectively. In the remaining patients with Grade 3 toxicity the skin toxicity regressed to Grade 1. The objective response rate was 100%, and no delay, dose reduction or discontinuation of CTX treatment due to skin toxicity was necessary. Skin toxicity reoccurred in all patients when patients stopped administering the soap and therefore they used it throughout the cetuximab treatment. Pistacia terebinthus soap seemed to be used safely and effectively in the treatment of skin toxicity induced by Cetuximab.

Quinone-induced protein handling changes: Implications for major protein handling systems in quinone-mediated toxicity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xiong, Rui; Siegel, David; Ross, David

2014-01-01

Para-quinones such as 1,4-Benzoquinone (BQ) and menadione (MD) and ortho-quinones including the oxidation products of catecholamines, are derived from xenobiotics as well as endogenous molecules. The effects of quinones on major protein handling systems in cells; the 20/26S proteasome, the ER stress response, autophagy, chaperone proteins and aggresome formation, have not been investigated in a systematic manner. Both BQ and aminochrome (AC) inhibited proteasomal activity and activated the ER stress response and autophagy in rat dopaminergic N27 cells. AC also induced aggresome formation while MD had little effect on any protein handling systems in N27 cells. The effect of NQO1 on quinone induced protein handling changes and toxicity was examined using N27 cells stably transfected with NQO1 to generate an isogenic NQO1-overexpressing line. NQO1 protected against BQ–induced apoptosis but led to a potentiation of AC- and MD-induced apoptosis. Modulation of quinone-induced apoptosis in N27 and NQO1-overexpressing cells correlated only with changes in the ER stress response and not with changes in other protein handling systems. These data suggested that NQO1 modulated the ER stress response to potentiate toxicity of AC and MD, but protected against BQ toxicity. We further demonstrated that NQO1 mediated reduction to unstable hydroquinones and subsequent redox cycling was important for the activation of the ER stress response and toxicity for both AC and MD. In summary, our data demonstrate that quinone-specific changes in protein handling are evident in N27 cells and the induction of the ER stress response is associated with quinone-mediated toxicity. - Highlights: • Unstable hydroquinones contributed to quinone-induced ER stress and toxicity

Quinone-induced protein handling changes: Implications for major protein handling systems in quinone-mediated toxicity

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xiong, Rui; Siegel, David; Ross, David, E-mail: david.ross@ucdenver.edu

2014-10-15

Para-quinones such as 1,4-Benzoquinone (BQ) and menadione (MD) and ortho-quinones including the oxidation products of catecholamines, are derived from xenobiotics as well as endogenous molecules. The effects of quinones on major protein handling systems in cells; the 20/26S proteasome, the ER stress response, autophagy, chaperone proteins and aggresome formation, have not been investigated in a systematic manner. Both BQ and aminochrome (AC) inhibited proteasomal activity and activated the ER stress response and autophagy in rat dopaminergic N27 cells. AC also induced aggresome formation while MD had little effect on any protein handling systems in N27 cells. The effect of NQO1 on quinone induced protein handling changes and toxicity was examined using N27 cells stably transfected with NQO1 to generate an isogenic NQO1-overexpressing line. NQO1 protected against BQ–induced apoptosis but led to a potentiation of AC- and MD-induced apoptosis. Modulation of quinone-induced apoptosis in N27 and NQO1-overexpressing cells correlated only with changes in the ER stress response and not with changes in other protein handling systems. These data suggested that NQO1 modulated the ER stress response to potentiate toxicity of AC and MD, but protected against BQ toxicity. We further demonstrated that NQO1 mediated reduction to unstable hydroquinones and subsequent redox cycling was important for the activation of the ER stress response and toxicity for both AC and MD. In summary, our data demonstrate that quinone-specific changes in protein handling are evident in N27 cells and the induction of the ER stress response is associated with quinone-mediated toxicity. - Highlights: • Unstable hydroquinones contributed to quinone-induced ER stress and toxicity.

PENERAPAN METODE PENDEKATAN TEKNIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEANDALAN SISTEM DISTRIBUSI

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Rukmi Sari Hartati

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Metode pendekatan teknik dipergunakan untuk meningkatkan keandalan sistem distribusi dengan menentukan lokasi recloser yang optimal pada penyulang- penyulang yang akan ditingkatkan keandalannya, sehingga diperoleh nilai indeks keandalan yang lebih baik. Telah dilakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode tersebut untuk meningkatkan keandalan pada penyulang Penebel dan Marga untuk memenuhi target PLN ke depan yakni mencapai WCS (World Customer Service serta WCC (World Class Company yaitu SAIFI = 3 kali/pelanggan/tahun dan SAIDI = 100 menit/pelangggan/tahun. Dari hasil penelitian pada 2 penyulang tersebut diperoleh nilai indeks keandalan SAIDI dan SAIFI untuk kedua penyulang tersebut sudah mendekati target WCS dan jauh lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kondisi sebelum dipasang recloser. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan metode pendekatan teknik untuk meningkatkan keandalan sistem distribusi cocok untuk diterapkan, terutama pada sistem distribusi di Bali.

The water extract of Veratrilla baillonii could attenuate the subacute toxicity induced by Aconitum brachypodum.

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, You; Yi, Xue-Jia; Mei, Zhi-Yi; Li, Jun; Huang, Xian-Ju; Yang, Guang-Zhong; Ma, Li-Qun; Gao, Yue

2016-12-01

Aconitum brachypodum Diels (Family Ranunculaceae) is a Chinese ethnodrug and is well known for both its therapeutic application and high toxicity. However, no detoxication strategy is available for the complete elimination of the toxicity of Aconitum plants. Veratrilla baillonii Franch is believed to possess antitoxic effects on the toxicity induced by Aconitum plants and has been clinically used for hundreds of time by Naxi and Lisu nationalities in Yunnan Province of China. To further address the mechanism of the detoxication of Veratrilla baillonii, the effect of water decoction of Veratrilla baillonii (WVBF) on subacute toxicology of SD rats induced by Aconitum brachypodum (CFA), a genus Aconitum, was determined and studied in the present work. The clinical behavior and number of survivors for different dosage of WVBF (25, 50, 100mg/kg) on CFA (4mg/kg) induced rats were observed until day 28. Histological changes and haematological parameters were evaluated. Moreover, Na + -K + -ATPase pathway in heart as well as key enzymes in liver were determined to further discuss the mechanism. The results showed that the exposure of CFA led to some subacute toxicity to rats, especially male ones, accompanied with abnormality of serum biochemical index in rats' serum. The toxicological target organs of CFA may be the heart, liver, kidney and brain. It is demonstrated that WVBF could attenuate the toxicity induced by Aconitum brachypodum via promoting the metabolic enzymes CYP3A1 and CYP3A2 in liver, downregulating the expression of Sodium/Calcium exchanger 1 (NCX1) and SCN5A sodium channal mRNA, and inducing Na + /K + -ATPase activity in heart. This study provides insights into detoxifying measures of Aconitum plants. Aconitum brachypodum may lead to subacute toxicity of rats after long term of administration, and the toxicity could be attenuated by Veratrilla baillonii via promoting the metabolic enzymes in liver, downregulating the expression of NCX1 and SCN5A mRNA, and

Evaluasi SDM Sistem Informasi Akademik Poltekkes Kemenkes Padang Menggunakan Framework COBIT 5

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Alsri Windra Doni

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kapabilitas dan usulan rekomendasi perbaikan sistem informasi akademik Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Padang khususnya pengelolaan sumber daya manusia (proses APO07 dengan menggunakan framework COBIT 5. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif menggunakan kerangka kerja COBIT 5. Prosedur penelitian ini dimulai dengan melakukan obervasi, wawancara, kajian pustaka, memberikan kuesioner kepada pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam pengelolaan sistem informasi akademik. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa tingkat kapabilitas untuk sistem informasi akademik Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Padang untuk domain APO pada proses APO07 gagal mencapai level 1 dengan kategori Partially Achieved (49,67%. Hasil pengolahan data ini menjadi dasar rekomendasi untuk perbaikan pengelolaan sistem informasi akademik Poltkekkes Kemenkes Padang untuk mencapai target level 3.

Gene expression, glutathione status and indicators of hepatic oxidative stress in laughing gull (Larus atricilla) hatchlings exposed to methylmercury

Science.gov (United States)

Jenko, Kathryn; Karouna-Renier, Natalie K.; Hoffman, David J.

2012-01-01

Despite extensive studies of methylmercury (MeHg) toxicity in birds, molecular effects on birds are poorly characterized. To improve our understanding of toxicity pathways and identify novel indicators of avian exposure to Hg, the authors investigated genomic changes, glutathione status, and oxidative status indicators in liver from laughing gull (Larus atricilla) hatchlings that were exposed in ovo to MeHg (0.05–1.6 µg/g). Genes involved in the transsulfuration pathway, iron transport and storage, thyroid-hormone related processes, and cellular respiration were identified by suppression subtractive hybridization as differentially expressed. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) identified statistically significant effects of Hg on cytochrome C oxidase subunits I and II, transferrin, and methionine adenosyltransferase RNA expression. Glutathione-S-transferase activity and protein-bound sulfhydryl levels decreased, whereas glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity increased dose-dependently. Total sulfhydryl concentrations were significantly lower at 0.4 µg/g Hg than in controls. T ogether, these endpoints provided some evidence of compensatory effects, but little indication of oxidative damage at the tested doses, and suggest that sequestration of Hg through various pathways may be important for minimizing toxicity in laughing gulls. This is the first study to describe the genomic response of an avian species to Hg. Laughing gulls are among the less sensitive avian species with regard to Hg toxicity, and their ability to prevent hepatic oxidative stress may be important for surviving levels of MeHg exposures at which other species succumb.

Disain Sistem Pemantauan Lingkungan Untuk Evaluasi Lepasan Radionuklida dari Subsistem pada Kecelakaan Reaktor Daya PWR

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Sri Kuntjoro

2013-03-01

Full Text Available PLTN. (Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir sebagai sumber energi baru dipilih sebagai alternatif, karena memiliki berbagai kelebihan yaitu ramah lingkungan, pasokan bahan bakar yang tidak bergantung musim, serta harganya yang dapat bersaing dengan pembangkit listrik yang lain. Namun demikian, adanya keraguan sebagian masyarakat tentang keselamatan radiasi PLTN, maka pemerintah harus bisa meyakinkan tentang operasi PLTN yang aman dan selamat. Penelitian tentang disain sistem pemantauan lingkungan untuk evaluasi lepasan radionuklida dari subsistem reaktor dan lingkungan akibat terjadinya kecelakaan pada reaktor daya telah dilakukan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan perhitungan sebaran radionuklida ke subsistem dan lingkungan serta membuat sistim monitoring radiasi di lingkungan. Sistem monitoring lingkungan terdiri dari system pencacah radiasi, sistem peringatan dini, sistem pengukuran meteorologi, sistem GPS dan system GIS. Sistem pencacah radiasi digunakan untuk mencatat data radiasi, sistem pengukuran meteorologi digunakan untuk mencatat data arah dan kecepatan angin, sedangkan sistem GPS digunakan untuk menentukan data posisi pengukuran. Data tersebut kemudian dikirimkan ke system akuisisi data untuk ditransmisikan ke pusat kendali. Pengumpulan dan pengiriman data dilakukan melalui SMS menggunakan perangkat modem yang ditempatkan di ruang kendali. Ruang kendali menerima data dari berbagai tempat pengukuran. Dalam hal ini ruang kendali memiliki fungsi sebagai SMS gateway. Sistem ini dapat memvisualisasi untuk lokasi pengukuran yang berbeda. Selanjutnya, data posisi dan data radiasi diintegrasikan dengan peta digital. Integrasi sistem tersebut kemudian divisualisasikan dalam personal komputer. Untuk posisi pengukuran terlihat langsung di peta dan untuk data radiasi ditampilkan di monitor dengan tanda lingkaran merah atau hijau yang digunakan sebagai pemonitor batas aman radiasi. Bila tanda lingkaran berwarna merah maka akan menyalakan alarm di

Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Manajemen Rantai Pasok Distribusi Daging Sapi Nasional

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Lidra Trifidya

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Manajemen distribusi merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam memastikan kelancaran distribusi produk dari produsen ke konsumen dengan cara yang efisien. Berdasarkan pendekatan Supply Chain Management (SCM, lemahnya sistem distribusi merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya disparitas harga serta kelangkaan stok pada komoditas bahan pokok terutama daging sapi. Dengan langkanya stok di berbagai daerah dapat menyebabkan peningkatan harga sehingga terjadi perbedaan harga yang tinggi antar wilayah. Kelancaran distribusi akan menjamin ketersediaan stok sehingga akan mampu memperbaiki permasalahan yang ada. Melalui pendekatan Supply Chain Management, distribusi daging sapi dapat lebih transparan dan dapat terlihat ketersediaan stock di berbagai wilayah. Pada tugas akhir ini, dibangun sistem informasi distribusi daging sapi dengan pendekatan Supply Chain Management. Aplikasi ini dibuat dengan menggunakan metode aplikasi berorientasi obyek dengan PHP serta menggunakan struktur basis data relational MySQL. Dalam melakukan perancangan sistem, terlebih dahulu dilakukan analisis sistem dengan mewawancarai stakeholder yang berkaitan dengan distribusi daging sapi. Hasil pengujian sistem informasi ini menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan pengguna telah terpenuhi dan mampu membantu proses distribusi daging sapi.

Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Variasi Kecepatan Putaran Kompresor Pada Sistem Pengkondisian Udara Dengan Pre-Cooling

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Fariz Ibrohim

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Indonesia adalah negara beriklim tropis dimana temperatur udaranya cukup tinggi sehingga penggunaan akan sistem pendingin dan pengkondisian udara (Air Condtioning sangatlah di butuhkan. Eksperimen kali ini adalah memodifikasi sistem pengkondisian udara biasa menjadi sistem yang baru dengan 2 (dua unit evapotaror dan 1 (satu unit outdoor ditambah pre-cooling yang bertujuan untuk menaikkan performa dari sistem pengkondisian udara. Salah satu cara menaikkan perfroma sistem pengkondisian yang sudah dimodifikasi adalah dengan cara menvariasikan kecepatan putaran kompresor sehingga didapatkan performa yang maksimum. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan variasi pada sistem modifikasi yang sama dengan 5 (lima kecepatan putaran kompresor yang berbeda, yaitu: 1800 rpm, 2100 rpm, 2400 rpm, 2700 rpm dan 3000 rpm. Ekpermen dilakukan pada masin-masing kecepatan fan evaporator dengan pengambilan data 20 kali pada 13 titik pengukuran untuk sekali variasi. Hasil yang didapat dari studi eksperimen pengaruh variasi kecepatan putaran kompresor pada sistem pengkondisian udara dengan precooling memiliki performa untuk kecepatan fan low COP sebesar 5,097 dan HRR sebesar 1,175, untuk kecepatan fan medium COP sebesar 5,103 dan HRR sebesar 1,176, dan untuk kecepatan fan low COP sebesar 5,201 dan HRR sebesar 1,175. Performa maksimum baik untuk kecepatan fan low, medium, dan high dari sistem yang telah dimodifikasi tersebut dicapai pada kecepatan putaran 3000 rpm dengan performa efisiensi kompresor adalah 73%, COP thermal adalah 5,09, COP elektrik adalah 4,39, dan HRR adalah 1,17.

SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS PENDATAAN PENYAKIT MENULAR DI KABUPATEN JEMBRANA BERBASIS WEB

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Ida Bagus Putu Sudarma Putra

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Pendataan penyakit pada masing-masing instansi kesehatan di Kabupaten Jembrana masih besifat manual sehingga hasil pendataan tidak langsung diterima pihak Dinas Kesehatan. Masyarakat umum yang berada di Kabupaten Jembrana belum bisa memperoleh informasi tentang data penyakit menular yang terdata di Kabupaten Jembrana. Penelitian ini akan merancang Sistem informasi Geografis (SIG dengan melakukan pendataan penyakit yang terdata di Kabupaten Jembrana. Metode pembangunan sistem menggunakan model waterfall dengan beberapa tahapan yaitu Analisa Kebutuhan, Design Sistem, Coding & Testing dan Penerapan Program. Bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan adalah PHP, Javascript dengan dukungan web mapping Google Map API dan Fusion Table Layer. Hasil dari penelitian adalah sebuah sistem yang dapat melakukan pendataan penyakit pada masing-masing Instansi Kesehatan serta informasi pemetaan penyakit menular dengan menampilkan intensitas warna yang berbeda sesuai dengan besarnya penyakit yang terdata. Informasi yang diterima juga dalam bentuk report dan grafik jumlah pendataan penyakit secara berkala sesuai dengan kebutuhan Dinas Kesehatan.

SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS BERBASIS WEB LOKASI BAHAN GALIAN KABUPATEN PONOROGO

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Budi Santosa

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Geographical Information System Base On Web Location Materials Dig Sub-Province of Ponorogo can give information concerning dig materials situation had by area of Ponorogo. This System will present map of Sub-Province area administration of Ponorogo along with dig materials location dots. Where every the dig materials location dot will give description of detail from each dig materials. Methodologies engineer software used to build this system is Waterfall which is covering engineer system, analyse, scheme, coding, conservancy and examination. Programming language the used is Arcview, Macromedia Flash, PHP 4, and Mysql Sistem Informasi Geografis Berbasis Web Lokasi Bahan Galian Kabupaten Ponorogo dapat memberikan informasi mengenai letak bahan galian yang dimiliki daerah Ponorogo. Sistem ini akan menampilkan peta administrasi daerah Kabupaten Ponorogo beserta titik-titik lokasi bahan galian. Dimana setiap titik lokasi bahan galian tersebut akan memberikan keterangan detail dari masing-masing bahan galian. Metodologi rekayasa perangkat lunak yang digunakan untuk membangun sistem ini adalah Waterfall yang meliputi rekayasa sistem, analisis, perancangan, pemrograman, pengujian dan pemeliharaan. Bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan adalah ArcView, Macromedia Flash, PHP 4, dan MySQL

Sistem Otomasi Lampu pada Bangunan Publik dengan Metode Forward Chaining

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Stephanie Stephanie

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Konsumsi listrik Indonesia terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Seiring dengan peningkatan konsumsi listrik, efisiensi dalam penggunaan listrik menjadi sangat krusial. Salah satu tolok ukur efisiensi listrik adalah intensitas energi. Untuk menurunkan intensitas energi diperlukan adanya konservasi energi melalui manajemen energi dan penggunaan teknologi hemat energi. Contoh di mana konservasi energi belum dilakukan pada bangunan publik adalah dengan membiarkan barang elektronik tetap menyala walau sedang tidak dipergunakan, contohnya lampu. Oleh karena itu, perlu dirancang suatu sistem untuk mematikan lampu secara otomatis di luar jam operasional dan tidak ada aktivitas pada bangunan publik. Sistem ini menggunakan kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence yang menggunakan metode Forward Chaining dengan sensor Passive Infrared Receiver untuk mendeteksi keberadaan manusia dengan dijembatani oleh Raspberry Pi untuk menghubungkan ke relay sebagai saklar untuk lampu. Sistem akan memutuskan kapan saat yang tepat untuk menyalakan dan memadamkan lampu, bergantung pada kehadiran manusia di setiap ruangan dan jam operasional dari bangunan. Dengan adanya sistem ini, diharapkan dapat menghasilkan penghematan energi yang cukup signifikan. Kata Kunci—forward chaining, otomasi lampu, pengendalian lampu, raspberry pi, sensor passive infrared reciever

Plasma metabolic profiling analysis of toxicity induced by brodifacoum using metabonomics coupled with multivariate data analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Yan, Hui; Qiao, Zheng; Shen, Baohua; Xiang, Ping; Shen, Min

2016-10-01

Brodifacoum is one of the most widely used rodenticides for rodent control and eradication; however, human and animal poisoning due to primary and secondary exposure has been reported since its development. Although numerous studies have described brodifacoum induced toxicity, the precise mechanism still needs to be explored. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupled with an ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was applied to characterize the metabolic profile of brodifacoum induced toxicity and discover potential biomarkers in rat plasma. The toxicity of brodifacoum was dose-dependent, and the high-dose group obviously manifested toxicity with subcutaneous hemorrhage. The blood brodifacoum concentration showed a positive relation to the ingestion dose in toxicological analysis. Significant changes of twenty-four metabolites were identified and considered as potential toxicity biomarkers, primarily involving glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism associated with anticoagulant activity, nephrotoxicity and hepatic damage. MS-based metabonomics analysis in plasma samples is helpful to search for potential poisoning biomarkers and to understand the underlying mechanisms of brodifacoum induced toxicity. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Rancang Bangun Inverter SVM Berbasis Mikrokontroler PIC 18F4431 Untuk Sistem VSD

OpenAIRE

Tarmizi; Muyassar

2013-01-01

Sebuah sistem pengaturan kecepatan motor disebut dengan sistem Variable Speed Drives (VSD). Sistem VSD motor induksi menggunakan inverter untuk mengatur frekuensi suplai motor. Untuk mendapatkan frekuensi suplai motor yang mendekati sinusoidal, inveter perlu di switching dengan metode tertentu. Pada penelitian ini, switching inverter 3 fasa menggunakan metode SVM (Space Vector Modulation) yang dikontrol oleh Mikrokontroler PIC18F4431. Sebelum dilakukan ekperimen, inverter SVM ini lakukan si...

SISTEM INFORMASI PENJUALAN PRODUK BERBASIS WEB PADA CHANEL DISTRO PRINGSEWU

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Wulandari Wulandari

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Chanel Distro Pringsewu adalah sebuah toko yang menjual kaos, jaket,  kemeja, sweeter, kaos kerah dll yang berada di pusat perbelanjaan pringsewu. Sistem penjualan, pemasaran dan promosi yang dipakai saat ini masih menggunakan sistem secara manual. Sangat perlu adanya kemudahan pelayanan untuk memudahkan pelanggan yang jauh dari jangakauan. Untuk itu dirancang sistem penjualan online pada Chanel Distro Pringsewu berbasis web dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan MySQL secara online yang dikenal dengan istilah E-Commerce (Elektronic commerce .Aplikasi ini mempermudah pelanggan membeli produk Chanel Distro Pringsewu secara online kapan saja dan dimana saja tanpa menyita waktu,dan pelanggan juga dapat mengetahui informasi produk apa saja dan bagaimana disain yang tersedia di Distro Pringsewu.

Pencarian Kelompok Tani Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis bagi Penyuluh di Kabupaten Agam

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yossi Prima Ariyani

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Kabupaten Agam adalah salah satu kabupaten di Sumatera Barat yang 38,20% dari jumlah penduduknya bekerja di sektor pertanian. Pemerintah Kabutpaten Agam sangat menggalakkan pengembangan sektor pertanian dengan pengembangan kelembagaan dan komoditas unggulan setiap kelompok tani. Penyuluhan bagi setiap kelompok tani yang dilakukan oleh penyuluh-penyuluh dan dikelola oleh Badan Pelaksana Penyuluhan Pertanian Perikanan Kehutanan dan Ketahanan Pangan (BP4K2P. Dengan jumlah kelompok tani kurang lebih 1.737 kelompok dan tersebar di 2.232,30 km2  akan menyulitkan bagi BP4K2P terutama penyuluh untuk mengetahui lokasi setiap kelompok tani. Sebuah sistem informasi yang berbasis lokasi kelompok tani menjadi solusi bagi penyuluh dalam menemukan informasi setiap kelompok tani yang ada. Perangkat lunak dibangun dari rangkaian proses berurutan yang meliputi tahap analisis, desain, pengodean, dan pengujian. Analsis didapatkan kebutuhan fungsional sistem dirumuskan dengan kemampuan melakukan pencarian berdasarkan nama kelompok tani, kenagarian, jenis kelompok dan komoditi unggulan serta menampilkan rute menuju lokasi kelompok tani. Aplikasi dibangun berbasis web dengan memanfaatkan Google Maps sebagai peta dasarnya. Pengolahan data spasial memanfaatkan fitur PostGIS. Pengujian sistem dilakukan degan secara blackbox testing yang berfokus pada kemampuan fungsioanl sistem. Hasil dari pengujian yang dilakukan oleh tujuh orang penguji terhadap 7 kebutuhan fungsional menunjukkan bahwa sistem yang dibangun telah sesuai dengan kebutuhan fungsional sistem yang dirancang.

Study on the toxic effects induced by different arsenicals in primary cultured rat astroglia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jin Yaping; Sun Guifan; Li Xin; Li Gexin; Lu Chunwei; Qu Long

2004-01-01

Arsenic toxicity is a global health problem affecting millions of people. The objectives of this study were to determine if the toxic effects on primary cultured rat astroglia would be induced by different arsenicals. Based on alamarBlue assay and the single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE, comet assay), the cell viability and DNA damage in the cells exposed to different arsenicals were evaluated. Treatment of astroglia with methylated arsenicals, that is, pentavalent monomethylarsonic acid (MMAV) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAV), resulted in no obvious changes in cell viability and DNA damage at micromolar concentrations. However, treatment of astroglia with inorganic arsenicals, that is, arsenite and arsenate, caused decreased cell viability and increased DNA damage at micromolar levels, and showing a dose-related decrease in mean alamarBlue reduced rate and a dose-related increase in mean comet length. Our study is therefore highly suggestive for a link between inorganic exposure and cellular toxicity or DNA damage. Based on the results of this study, the toxic effects induced by arsenite were stronger than those induced by arsenate

Arsenic toxicity induced endothelial dysfunction and dementia: Pharmacological interdiction by histone deacetylase and inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sharma, Bhupesh, E-mail: drbhupeshresearch@gmail.com; Sharma, P.M.

2013-11-15

Arsenic toxicity has been reported to damage all the major organs including the brain and vasculature. Dementia including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are posing greater risk to the world population as it is now increasing at a faster rate. We have investigated the role of sodium butyrate, a selective histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and aminoguanidine, a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor in pharmacological interdiction of arsenic toxicity induced vascular endothelial dysfunction and dementia in rats. Arsenic toxicity was done by administering arsenic drinking water to rats. Morris water-maze (MWM) test was used for assessment of learning and memory. Endothelial function was assessed using student physiograph. Oxidative stress (aortic superoxide anion, serum and brain thiobarbituric acid reactive species, brain glutathione) and nitric oxide levels (serum nitrite/nitrate) were also measured. Arsenic treated rats have shown impairment of endothelial function, learning and memory, reduction in serum nitrite/nitrate and brain GSH levels along with increase in serum and brain TBARS. Sodium butyrate as well as aminoguanidine significantly convalesce arsenic induced impairment of learning, memory, endothelial function, and alterations in various biochemical parameters. It may be concluded that arsenic induces endothelial dysfunction and dementia, whereas, sodium butyrate, a HDAC inhibitor as well as aminoguanidine, a selective iNOS inhibitor may be considered as potential agents for the management of arsenic induced endothelial dysfunction and dementia. - Highlights: • As has induced endothelial dysfunction (Edf) and vascular dementia (VaD). • As has increased oxidative stress, AChE activity and decreased serum NO. • Inhibitors of HDAC and iNOS have attenuated As induced Edf and VaD. • Both the inhibitors have attenuated As induced biochemical changes. • Inhibitor of HDAC and iNOS has shown good potential

Arsenic toxicity induced endothelial dysfunction and dementia: Pharmacological interdiction by histone deacetylase and inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sharma, Bhupesh; Sharma, P.M.

2013-01-01

Arsenic toxicity has been reported to damage all the major organs including the brain and vasculature. Dementia including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are posing greater risk to the world population as it is now increasing at a faster rate. We have investigated the role of sodium butyrate, a selective histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and aminoguanidine, a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor in pharmacological interdiction of arsenic toxicity induced vascular endothelial dysfunction and dementia in rats. Arsenic toxicity was done by administering arsenic drinking water to rats. Morris water-maze (MWM) test was used for assessment of learning and memory. Endothelial function was assessed using student physiograph. Oxidative stress (aortic superoxide anion, serum and brain thiobarbituric acid reactive species, brain glutathione) and nitric oxide levels (serum nitrite/nitrate) were also measured. Arsenic treated rats have shown impairment of endothelial function, learning and memory, reduction in serum nitrite/nitrate and brain GSH levels along with increase in serum and brain TBARS. Sodium butyrate as well as aminoguanidine significantly convalesce arsenic induced impairment of learning, memory, endothelial function, and alterations in various biochemical parameters. It may be concluded that arsenic induces endothelial dysfunction and dementia, whereas, sodium butyrate, a HDAC inhibitor as well as aminoguanidine, a selective iNOS inhibitor may be considered as potential agents for the management of arsenic induced endothelial dysfunction and dementia. - Highlights: • As has induced endothelial dysfunction (Edf) and vascular dementia (VaD). • As has increased oxidative stress, AChE activity and decreased serum NO. • Inhibitors of HDAC and iNOS have attenuated As induced Edf and VaD. • Both the inhibitors have attenuated As induced biochemical changes. • Inhibitor of HDAC and iNOS has shown good potential in

PERANCANGAN SISTEM PEMESANAN BARANG BERBASIS WEB DI TOKO ZENITH KOMPUTER DI PEKANBARU

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fery Wongso Johan Wyanaputra

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Abstrak : Sistem Informasi Pemesananberbasis web merupakan bagian dari sistem informasi pemasaran yang dikembangkan untuk mengumpulkan, mengolah data sehingga data tersebut dapat dilihat kembali untuk disalurkan sebagai suatu informasi yang berguna. Wujud dari pengembangan Sistem Informasi Pemesananberbasis web ini adalah pembuatan aplikasi Komputer yang mampu mewakili sistem informasi yang dirancang secara keseluruhan.Aplikasi Sistem Informasi pemesanan yang dihasilkan mampu mengelola data pemesanan secara terorgasisasi, serta menghasilkan laporan yang lengkap, akurat dan selalu aktual untuk setiap tingkatan manajemen. Perancangan sistemnya menggunakan PHP (Personal Home Page dan rancangan databasenya menggunakan Xamp Server. Hasil dari perancangan aplikasi Sistem Informasi Pemesananberbasis web menunjukkan bahwa peranan aplikasi Komputer dalam sistem informasi sangat penting sebagai penunjang dalam meningkatkan kualitas kegiatan Pemesanan dan pelayanan di lingkungan toko Zenith Komputer. Abstract: Information Systems is a web Pemesananberbasis Part Of The Marketing Information System was developed to review collect, process the data so that the data can be Seen Back to review the information supplied as a useful thing. From the form of development of Information Systems web Pemesananberbasis Singer Was Able Computer Application Development Information System Designed represent keseluruhan.Aplikasi Operating System Generated Ordering Information Ability to Manage Booking Data Operating terorgasisasi, as well as generate reports The complete, Accurate And Always Currents for EVERY level management review, The design of the system using PHP (Personal Home Page and database design using XAMP Server. Results From designing web applications Pemesananberbasis Information System showed that Role of Information Systems Computer Application hearts hearts Sangat as supporting activities improving QUALITY Booking And Environmental Services at Zenith

Methylmercury determination in fish and seafood products and estimated daily intake for the Spanish population.

Science.gov (United States)

Sahuquillo, I; Lagarda, M J; Silvestre, M D; Farré, R

2007-08-01

The mercury content of 25 samples of fish and seafood products most frequently consumed in Spain was determined. A simple method comprising cold vapour and atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine separately inorganic and organic mercury. In all samples inorganic mercury content was below 50 microg kg(-1). There was wide variability, among not only the mercury levels of different fish species, but also for different samples of the same species - with the methylmercury content ranging from below 54 to 662 microg kg(-1). The highest mean methylmercury content was found in fresh tuna. Based on an average total fish consumption of 363 g/person week(-1), the methylmercury intake was estimated to be 46.2 microg/person week(-1). Therefore, the mercury intake of Spanish people with a body weight Food Additives (JECFA) provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) of 1.6 microg kg(-1) body weight, but exceeds the US National Research Council (NRC) limit of 0.7 microg kg(-1) body weight week(-1) based on a benchmark dose.

Isolation and characterization of bacteria from mercury contaminated sites in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and assessment of methylmercury removal capability of a Pseudomonas putida V1 strain.

Science.gov (United States)

Cabral, Lucélia; Giovanella, Patrícia; Gianello, Clésio; Bento, Fátima Menezes; Andreazza, Robson; Camargo, Flávio Anastácio Oliveira

2013-06-01

Methylmercury (MeHg) is one of the most dangerous heavy metal for living organisms that may be found in environment. Given the crescent industrialization of Brazil and considering that mercury is a residue of several industrial processes, there is an increasing need to encounter and develop remediation approaches of mercury contaminated sites. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize methylmercury resistant bacteria from soils and sludge sewage from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Sixteen bacteria were isolated from these contaminated sites and some isolates were highly resistant to methylmercury (>8.7 μM). All the isolates were identified by 16S rDNA. Pseudomonas putida V1 was able to volatilize approximately 90 % of methylmercury added to growth media and to resist to copper, lead, nickel, chromate, zinc, cobalt, manganese and barium. In the presence of high concentrations of methylmercury (12 μM), cell growth was limited, but P. putida V1 was still able to remove up to 29 % of this compound from culture medium. This bacterium removed an average of 77 % of methylmercury from culture medium with pH in the range 4.0-6.0. In addition, methylmercury was efficiently removed (>80 %) in temperature of 21-25 °C. Polymerase chain reactions indicated the presence of merA but not merB in P. putida V1. The growth and ability of P. putida V1 to remove methylmercury in a wide range of pH (4.0 and 8.0) and temperature (10-35 °C), its tolerance to other heavy metals and ability to grow in the presence of up to 11.5 μM of methylmercury, suggest this strain as a new potential resource for degrading methylmercury contaminated sites.

Certification of the methylmercury content in SRM 2977 mussel tissue (organic contaminants and trace elements) and SRM 1566b oyster tissue.

Science.gov (United States)

Tutschku, S; Schantz, M M; Horvat, M; Logar, M; Akagi, H; Emons, H; Levenson, M; Wise, S A

2001-02-01

The methylmercury content in two new marine bivalve mollusk tissue Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) has been certified using results of analyses from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and two other laboratories. The certified concentrations of methylmercury were established based on the results from four and six different (independent) analytical methods, respectively, for SRM 1566b Oyster Tissue (13.2 +/- 0.7 microg/kg) and SRM 2977 Mussel Tissue (organic contaminants and trace elements) (36.2 +/- 1.7 microg/kg). The certified concentration of methylmercury in SRM 1566b is among the lowest in any certified reference material (CRM).

Sistem Scoring Conversion TOEFL Paper Based Test (PBT Politeknik Negeri Cilacap Menggunakan Metode User Centered Design

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cahya Vikasari

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Sistem komputer interaktif untuk dipakai oleh useruntuk mendukung pekerjannya. User merupakan object yang penting didalam pengembangan dan pembangun sistem. User adalah personal-personal yang terlibat langsung dalam pemakaian aplikasi. Konsep dari UCD adalah user sebagai pusat dari proses pengembangan sistem, dan tujuan/sifat-sifat, konteks dan lingkungan sistem semua didasarkan dari pengalaman pengguna Pembangunan sistem skoring test TOEFL paper based test (PBT di UPT bahasa politeknik negeri cilacapmenggunakan metode UCD. Dengan menggunakan metode UCD sistem dapat   mempermudah dan mempercepat pendaftaran oleh calon pendaftar dengan tampilan antarmuka yang user friendly , mempermudah proses pengelolaan data dan rekap data pendaftar, mempermudah pengkonversian skor TOEFL yang dilakukan secara otomatis, serta  meminimalisir terjadinya kesalahan, duplikasi data dan duplikasi kegiatan.

SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENERIMAAN PEGAWAI DENGAN METODE FUZZY MADM

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Denni Aldi Ramadhani

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Pegawai merupakan faktor penting dalam sebuah perusahaan, karena dengan adanya pegawai yang memenuhi standar kualifikasi perusahaan, produktivitas akan tetap stabil dan semakin meningkat. Tetapi dalam praktek penerimaan pegawai baru, banyak perusahaan yang masih tidak memperhatikan pentingnya hal ini. Hal ini dapat dilihat pada proses penerimaan pegawai di KSP Intidana  yang masih terlihat subjektif. Dengan pengukuran bobot dan penilaian yang tidak didefinisikan dengan baik oleh pengambil keputusan maka akan sangat dimungkinkan keputusan yang diambil untuk meloloskan pelamar merupakan keputusan yang salah, dan pelamar yang diterima nantinya tidak memenuhi standar kualifikasi perusahaan. Hal inilah yang menjadi dasar penelitian ini dilakukan yaitu dengan membuat sebuah sistem yang dapat memberikan pertimbangan dalam melakukan pengambilan keputusan penerimaan pegawai baru. Dengan menggunakan metode fuzzy MADM sebagai basis dalam pengolahan data penerimaan pegawai , memungkinkan sistem dapat memberikan perangkingan sesuai dengan kualitas masing – masing pelamar sehingga diharapkan dapat mempermudah pengambil keputusan dalam menentukan pelamar yang lolos. Hasil dari penelitian ini berbentuk sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat mengolah data proses penerimaan pegawai menjadi sebuah pertimbangan yang valid. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut diharapkan pengambil keputusan menjadi terbantu dalam menentukan pelamar yang berhak diterima dalam perusahaan. Kata kunci : Penerimaan pegawai, Fuzzy, Sistem Pendukung Keputusan, Multi-Attribute Decision Making, Kriteria

Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Panjang Pipa Kapiler dan Variasi Beban Pendinginan pada Sistem Refrigerasi Cascade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aprilia Choirul Lathifah Fuad

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Kegiatan penelitian terhadap sampel biomedis membutuhkan cold storage yang mampu menyimpan sampel hingga temperatur -80oC. Sedangkan jika dilihat dari sistem refrijerasi yang ada seperti halnya kulkas dengan sistem refrijerasi siklus tunggal hanya mampu mencapai temperatur -40oC dengan effisiensinya yang akan semakin memburuk karena tekanan evaporasi. Sehingga untuk dapat mencapai temperatur yang lebih rendah maka digunakan sistem refrijerasi cascade yang merupakan sistem refrijerasi dua tingkat yang dapat memberikan temperatur evaporator yang lebih rendah dan sistem juga beroperasi dengan rentang temperatur yang lebar. Penggunaan sistem refrigerasi ini harus memperhatikan dalam hal pemakaian zat yang mengalir dalam sistem refrijerasi yang disebut dengan refrigeran. Pemilihan refrigeran yang baik untuk sebuah alat pendingin akan semakin meningkatkan performa sistem refrijerasi itu sendiri dan dengan pemilihan refrijeran yang ramah lingkungan akan mempengaruhi dampak terhadap kerusakan lapisan ozon bumi dan GWP yang akan semakin berkurang. Eksperimen kali ini menggunakan refrijeran Musicool-22 di High Stage dan R-407f di Low Stage, dengan perbedaan panjang pipa kapiler pada High Stage yaitu sebesar 0,9m, 1,1m dan 1,3m dan beban pendinginan menggunakan electric heater di evaporator Low Stage sebesar 0, 60,120, 180 dan 220 Volt. Dari hasil eksperimen maka didapatkan temperatur evaporator terendah -41,64oC pada panjang pipa kapiler 1,3m dengan beban pendinginan sebesar 28,8 Watt dan temperatur kabin terendah  -33,38oC pada panjang pipa kapiler 1,3 m dengan beban pendinginan sebesar 0 Watt (tanpa beban. Maka kesimpulan dari eksperimen ini adalah panjang pipa kapiler 1,1m memiliki rata-rata COP terbesar yaitu 2,05 dan rata-rata daya keluaran kompresor sistem cascade terkecil yaitu 126,49 Watt.

RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI INVENTORI MENGGUNAKAN METODE ASSOCIATION RULES DI CV. DAMAR LANGIT

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zainul Fanani

2012-03-01

Kata Kunci : Sistem informasi, Inventori, Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (Decisition Support System, Association Rule, Data Mining, OLAP (Online Analitic Processing, Algoritma Apriori, Support, Confidence, Lift Rasio.

METODE ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS: SISTEM REKOMENDER DATABASE SOFTWARE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Doni Purnama Alam Syah

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract - Rekomender electoral system is a database software application that can be used to look for alternative software database selection strategy, the method of analytical hierarchy process (AHP. Rekomender systems needed by companies that have a large enough data processing such as the Bureau of Bina Sarana IT Information, expensive investments in the provision of Information Technology (IT makes IT Bina Sarana Information Bureau to be more careful in determining the selection of database software. This study focuses on research of database software selection system with the method of analytical hierarchy process (AHP, a case study of IT Bureau Bina Sarana Infromatika with the observation unit administrator. The results of the study found that there are two (2 main criteria, namely the selection of technology and a user with an alternative strategy My SQL, Oracle and SQL Server. Having tested the system rekomender My SQL result that the top priority in the selection of database software with a 41% weighting, followed by SQL Server and Oracle 39% 21%. The end result of a system that has been created rekomender concluded that the Bureau of Bina Sarana Informatics IT can define strategy alternatives before determining database software to be used more effectively and efficiently. Abstrak¬¬ - Sistem rekomender pemilihan database software merupakan aplikasi yang dapat digunakan untuk mencari alternatif strategi pemilihan database software, dengan metode analytical hierarchy process (AHP. Sistem rekomender dibutuhkan oleh perusahaan yang memiliki pengolahan data yang cukup besar seperti Biro TI Bina Sarana Informatika, mahalnya investasi pada penyediaan Teknologi Informasi (TI membuat Biro TI Bina Sarana Informatika lebih berhati-hati dalam menentukan pemilihan database software. Penelitian ini berfokus kepada penetilian tentang sistem pemilihan database sofware dengan metode analytical hierarchy process (AHP, studi kasus Biro TI Bina Sarana

SISTEM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN KREDIT RUMAH DENGAN METODE FUZZYSAW MADM

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marganda Simarmata

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Persetujuan Kredit Perumahan oleh pelanggan pada sebuah bank sering terhambat dan lama karena proses persetujuan dilakukan dengan manual karena harus dikerjakan secara hati-hati sesuai dengan kriteria yang ditentukan. Kelemahan manual ini menjadi alasan perlunya Sistem Pengambilan Keputusan untuk menyetujui persetujuan KPR pada salah satu Bank. Dalam penelitian inisistem yang dibangun menggunakan metode Fuzzy Simple Additive Weighting Multiple Atribut Decission Making.Perancangan program aplikasi ini dibuat dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Visual Studio 6.0dan  perancangan database menggunakan Microsoft Accses2007 sertaSeagate Crystal Report 8,5 untuk pembuatan laporan atau output yang diperlukan.Hasil yang diperoleh dari sistem yang dirancang dapat membantu para manager perusahaan atau para pengambil keputusan untuk memutuskan calon pelanggan KPR dengan cepat, mudah dan akurat. Kata kunci : SistemPendukung Keputusan, Kredit Perumahan, Fuzzy Simple Additive Weighting

Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG Pemetaan Pemancar Televisi Digital Terestrial di Indonesia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Isna Nur Mahmud

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Perubahan dari sistem televisi analog menjadi sistem televisi digital terestrial di Indonesia tinggal menunggu waktu. Namun masih banyak infrastruktur yang masih perlu dibangun untuk menunjang sistem televisi digital terestrial agar dapat beroperasi dengan baik. Belum meratanya sistem pemancar televisi digital terestrial yang keberadaannya masih terbenturnya undang – undang yang berlaku di negara ini menjadi salah satu permasalahannya. Salah satu solusinya adalah memetakannya dalam sebuah SIG. Pemetaan pemancar tv digital terestrial ini dibuat untuk mempermudah KPI  dalam melakukan identifikasi letak pemancar televisi digital terestrial serta memberikan informasi yang berkaitan dengan daya pemancar, spesifikasi pemancar televisi digital terestrial di Indonesia dalam kondisi offline. Dari pengujian didapatkan hasil antara lain, untuk pengujian black-box, didapatkan hasil yang sesuai dengan fungsionalitas sistem. Untuk nilai MOS, kemudahan menu aplikasi 3.9, kemudahan dlm navigasi aplikasi 4.1, kemudahan dlm menggunakan tools 4.05, penilaian tampilan interface 3.952, penilaian keseluruhan aplikasi SIG 4.hasil SUS yang dilakukan didapatkan nilai 65.71

SISTEM INFORMASI SARANA DAN PRASARANA SESUAI STANDAR BAN-PT TERINTEGRASI SISFOKAMPUS 4.1

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Muhammad Ainul Yaqin

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Abstrak- Standar sarana dan prasarana adalah salah satu standar yang dinilai dalam instrumen BAN-PT, yaitu pada standar 6.2. Pengelolaan sarana dan prasarana sebuah perguruan tinggi harus memenuhi standar tersebut. Untuk dapat mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat pemenuhan standar diperlukan penilaian. Sistem informasi sarana dan prasarana yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini digunakan untuk memasukkan data-data usulan pengadaan, penerimaan, distribusi, penggunaan, pemeliharaan, dan pemusnahan. Laporan-laporan yang disajikan berbentuk tabel dan grafik yang menyatakan kinerja keuangan dan diukur sesuai dengan standar 6.2. BAN-PT. Sistem informasi sarana dan prasarana ini, juga terintegrasi dengan SISFOKAMPUS 4.1 yang merupakan sistem informasi akademik open source yang berbasis web. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sistem informasi sarana dan prasarana dengan fungsi khusus yaitu menilai kinerja keuangan yang sesuai dengan standar 6.1. BAN-PT yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan audit internal.   Kata kunci : standar 6.2. BAN-PT, Sistem Informasi Sarana dan Prasarana, SISFOKAMPUS 4.1.

Diethylene glycol-induced toxicities show marked threshold dose response in rats

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Landry, Greg M., E-mail: Landry.Greg@mayo.edu [Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, & Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA (United States); Dunning, Cody L., E-mail: cdunni@lsuhsc.edu [Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, & Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA (United States); Abreo, Fleurette, E-mail: fabreo@lsuhsc.edu [Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA (United States); Latimer, Brian, E-mail: blatim@lsuhsc.edu [Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, & Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA (United States); Orchard, Elysse, E-mail: eorcha@lsuhsc.edu [Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, & Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA (United States); Division of Animal Resources, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA (United States); McMartin, Kenneth E., E-mail: kmcmar@lsuhsc.edu [Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, & Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA (United States)

2015-02-01

Diethylene glycol (DEG) exposure poses risks to human health because of widespread industrial use and accidental exposures from contaminated products. To enhance the understanding of the mechanistic role of metabolites in DEG toxicity, this study used a dose response paradigm to determine a rat model that would best mimic DEG exposure in humans. Wistar and Fischer-344 (F-344) rats were treated by oral gavage with 0, 2, 5, or 10 g/kg DEG and blood, kidney and liver tissues were collected at 48 h. Both rat strains treated with 10 g/kg DEG had equivalent degrees of metabolic acidosis, renal toxicity (increased BUN and creatinine and cortical necrosis) and liver toxicity (increased serum enzyme levels, centrilobular necrosis and severe glycogen depletion). There was no liver or kidney toxicity at the lower DEG doses (2 and 5 g/kg) regardless of strain, demonstrating a steep threshold dose response. Kidney diglycolic acid (DGA), the presumed nephrotoxic metabolite of DEG, was markedly elevated in both rat strains administered 10 g/kg DEG, but no DGA was present at 2 or 5 g/kg, asserting its necessary role in DEG-induced toxicity. These results indicate that mechanistically in order to produce toxicity, metabolism to and significant target organ accumulation of DGA are required and that both strains would be useful for DEG risk assessments. - Highlights: • DEG produces a steep threshold dose response for kidney injury in rats. • Wistar and F-344 rats do not differ in response to DEG-induced renal injury. • The dose response for renal injury closely mirrors that for renal DGA accumulation. • Results demonstrate the importance of DGA accumulation in producing kidney injury.

Sex differences in apolipoprotein A1 and nevirapine-induced toxicity

OpenAIRE

Aline Marinho; Clara Dias; Alexandra Antunes; Umbelina Caixas; Teresa Branco; Matilde Marques; Emília Monteiro; Sofia Pereira

2014-01-01

Nevirapine (NVP) is associated with severe liver and skin toxicity through sulfotransferase (SULT) bioactivation of the phase I metabolite 12-hydroxy-NVP [1–3]. The female sex, a well-known risk factor for NVP-induced toxicity, is associated with higher SULT expression [4] and lower plasma levels of 12-hydroxy-NVP [3]. Interestingly, apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) increases SULT2B1 activity and ApoA1 synthesis is increased by NVP [5, 6]. Herein, we explore the effect of ApoA1 levels on NVP metabol...

Sodium arsenite-induced reproductive toxicities in male Wistar rats ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Sodium arsenite-induced reproductive toxicities in male Wistar rats: role of Tridax procumbens leaf extract. ... Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa ... In the present study, the effects of ethanol leaf extract of Tridax procumbens ... in Groups B to D as compared to Group A was significantly reduced (p<0.05).

Prenatal methylmercury exposure affects spatial vision in adult monkeys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Burbacher, Thomas M.; Grant, Kimberly S.; Mayfield, David B.; Gilbert, Steven G.; Rice, Deborah C.

2005-01-01

Decades of research have demonstrated that exposure to methylmercury (MeHg), a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, can have both early and long-term neurobehavioral consequences in exposed offspring. The present study assessed visual functioning in adult macaque monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) exposed in utero to 0, 50, 70, or 90 μg/kg/day of MeHg hydroxide. Twenty-one full-term, normal birth weight offspring (9 controls, 12 exposed) were tested at approximately 11-14.5 years of age on a visual contrast sensitivity task. A forced-choice tracking procedure was utilized with spatial frequencies of 1, 4, 10, and 20 cycles per degree of visual angle. On each test session, a single spatial frequency was presented across five levels of contrast, each differing by 3 dB. Methylmercury-exposed monkeys exhibited reduced contrast sensitivity thresholds, particularly at the higher spatial frequencies. The degree of visual impairment was not related to MeHg body burden or clearance and almost half of the exposed animals were unimpaired. The results from this study demonstrate that chronic in utero MeHg exposure, at subclinical levels, is associated with permanent adverse effects on spatial vision in adult monkeys

PENELITIAN/PENGEMBANGAN MODEL/SISTEM SURVEILANS DAMPAK KESEHATAN PERUBAHAN IKLIM

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Athena Athena

2014-05-01

variables in a particular period while GIS maps were displayed in the website. A surveillance model/system of the health impact of climate change has been developed. It is a system which process, analyze, and interpret data systematically and continuously, which also includes the distribution of information. The system is expected to provide information about how the condition of diseases in regard of climate change is.Keywords : climate change, surveillance, rainfall, temperature, DHF, malaria, diarrhea, penumonida, influenza like illness/ ILIAbstrakTelah dilakukan penelitian dan pengembangan Model/Sistem Surveilans Dampak Perubahan Iklim tahun 2011. Tujuan penelitian/pengembangan ini adalah diperolehnya sistem surveilans untuk dampak kesehatan dari perubahan iklim yang cocok untuk Indonesia. Disain penelitian adalah riset operasional. Tahapan kegiatan dimulai dengan analisis situasi, review program surveilans, dan penyusunan draft model sistem surveilans. Analisis situasi dan review program surveilans dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran bagaimana sistem surveilans yang berjalan selama ini, dilakukan dengan cara melakukan rapid assessment di 6 dinas kabupaten/kota 6 provinsi. Penyusunan draft model sistem surveilans yang meliputi identifikasi data/variabel yang perlu dikumpulkan, sumber dan frekuensi pengumpulan data, petugas pengumpul data, pengolahan dan analisis data, cara pemetaan data penyakit dan distribusi informasinya dilakukan dengan diskusi bersama lintas sektor, lintas program dan para pakar. Hasil penelitian berupa model/sistem surveilans dampak kesehatan perubahan iklim yang dilengkapi dengan software pengolahan data dan situs web. Jenis data penyakit yang dikumpulkan adalah DBD, malaria, diare, pneumonia, dan ILI yang merupakan pengembangan dari sistem EWARS (sistem kewaspadaan dini yang dikembangkan oleh Direktorat Surveilans, Imunisasi, Karantina, dan Kesehatan Matra, Ditjen PP/PL, Kementerian Kesehatan. Data iklim adalah suhu, curah hujan, hari hujan, dan

Sistem Penghindar Halangan Otomatis dan Penahan Ketinggian Penerbangan pada Quadcopter

OpenAIRE

Dharmawan, Andi; Rahmawati, Nurulia

2014-01-01

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuat sistem penghindar halangan otomatis dan penahan ketinggian terbang sesuai dengan jarak yang telah ditetapkan sehingga quadcopter dapat melakukan penerbangan tanpa terjadi tumbukan dengan benda di sekitarnya.Sistem penghindar halangan otomatis dan penahan ketinggian penerbangan yang dibuat dalam penelitian ini memanfaatkan quadcopterberbasis Arduino Nano. Pada quadcopter diberikan sensor jarak yang berfungsi mendeteksi jarak quadcopter dengan benda di sek...

Inhibition of the thioredoxin system in the brain and liver of zebra-seabreams exposed to waterborne methylmercury

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Branco, Vasco; Canario, Joao; Holmgren, Arne; Carvalho, Cristina

2011-01-01

Mercury compounds were recently found to interact in vitro with the thioredoxin system, inhibiting both Thioredoxin (Trx) and Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). In order to evaluate if Trx and TrxR are affected in vivo by methylmercury (MeHg), we exposed juvenile zebra-seabreams to different concentrations of this toxicant in water for 28 days followed by a 14-day depuration period. Methylmercury accumulated to a larger extent in the kidney and liver of fishes, but decreased significantly during the depuration. During the exposure, MeHg percentage in the liver reached levels above 90% of total mercury (HgT) decreasing to 60% of HgT by the end of the depuration period. In the kidney, MeHg accounted for 50-70% of HgT. In the brain and muscle, mercury accumulated throughout the exposure with all mercury being MeHg. The total mercury kept increasing in these organs during the depuration period. However, in the brain, this increase in HgT was accompanied by a decrease in the MeHg percentage (∼ 10%). In the liver, both Trx and TrxR activities were significantly reduced (TrxR - 40%; Trx - 70%) by the end of the exposure, but recovered to control levels (100%) during the depuration. In the brain, both enzymes where inhibited during the depuration period (TrxR - 75%; Trx - 70%) when some production of inorganic mercury was detected. Activity of glutathione reductase showed increased levels when TrxR activity was low, suggesting complementarity between both systems. These results indicate that in vivo the thioredoxin system is a toxicological target for MeHg with TrxR being particularly affected.

Low levels of methylmercury induce DNA damage in rats: protective effects of selenium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Grotto, Denise; Barcelos, Gustavo R.M.; Antunes, Lusania M.G.; Barbosa, Fernando [Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Analises Clinicas, Toxicologicas e Bromatologicas, Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo (Brazil); Valentini, Juliana [Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Analises Clinicas, Toxicologicas e Bromatologicas, Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas de Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo (Brazil); Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil); Angeli, Jose Pedro F. [Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Sao Paulo (Brazil); Garcia, Solange C. [Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil)

2009-03-15

In this study we examined the possible antigenotoxic effect of selenium (Se) in rats chronically exposed to low levels of methylmercury (MeHg) and the association between glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and DNA lesions (via comet assay) in the same exposed animals. Rats were divided into six groups as follows: (Group I) received water; (Group II) received MeHg (100 {mu}g/day); (Group III) received Se (2 mg/L drinking water); (Group IV) received Se (6 mg/L drinking water); (Group V) received MeHg (100 {mu}g/day) and Se (2 mg/L drinking water); (Group VI) received MeHg (100 {mu}g/day) and Se (6 mg/L drinking water). Total treatment time was 100 days. GSH-Px activity was determined spectrophotometrically and DNA damage was determined by comet assay. Mean GSH-Px activity in groups I, II, III, IV, V and VI were, respectively: 40.19{+-}17.21; 23.63{+-}6.04; 42.64{+-}5.70; 38.50{+-}7.15; 34.54{+-}6.18 and 41.39{+-}11.67 nmolNADPH/min/gHb. DNA damage was represented by a mean score from 0 to 300; the results for groups I, II, III, IV, V and VI were, respectively: 6.87{+-}3.27; 124.12{+-}13.74; 10.62{+-}3.81; 13.25{+-}1.76; 86.87{+-}11.95 and 76.25{+-}7.48. There was a significant inhibition of GSH-Px activity in group II compared with group I (P<0.05). Groups V and VI did not show a difference in enzyme activity compared with groups III and IV, showing the possible protective action of Se. Comet assay presented a significant difference in DNA migration between group II and group I (P<0.0001). Groups V and VI showed a significant reduction in MeHg-induced genotoxicity (P < 0.001) when compared with group II. A negative correlation (r = -0.559, P<0.05) was found between GSH-Px activity and DNA lesion, showing that the greater the DNA damage, the lower the GSH-Px activity. Our findings demonstrated the oxidative and genotoxic properties of MeHg, even at low doses. Moreover, Se co-administration reestablished GSH-Px activity and reduced DNA damage. (orig.)

Pengaruh Modifikasi Heat Exchanger Tipe Concentric Tube Terhadap Performance Sistem Refrigerasi Cascade

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jhona Purnama Putra

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Dalam beberapa bidang industri seperti pengawetan makanan, perminyakan, pengolahan bahan-bahan kimia dan pendinginan setempat (spot cooling pada industri baja dibutuhkan kondisi ruangan yang sangat rendah berkisar antara -30°C hingga -60°C. Maka dari itu digunakanlah sistem refrigerasi cascade yang disusun atas dua stage yaitu high dan low. Dimana kedua stage ini digabungkan menjadi satu oleh sebuah heat exchanger yang melakukan perpindahan kalor dari kondensor low stage menuju evaporator high stage. pada penelitian terdahulu alat penukar panas yang digunakan yaitu alat penukar panas tipe concentric tube masih menunjukan performa yang belum baik kepada sistem refrigerasi cascade. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memodifikasi alat penukar panas dan menganalisa performa sistem setelah dilakukannya modifikasi penambahan panjang pada alat penukar panas, dengan fluida kerja refrigeran Musicool-22 di High Stage dan R-404A di Low Stage. Setelah perancangan alat selesai, dilakukan eksperimen pada sistem tersebut dengan variasi beban pendinginan menggunakan electric heater di evaporator Low Stage sebesar 0 (tanpa beban, 6, 16, 40, 60, dan 98 Watt.. Hasil dari studi eksperimen ini menunjukkan nilai-nilai optimum yang didapatkan yaitu pada pembebanan 60 Watt dengan Qevap = 0,599 kW, COP cascade = 0,968 dan temperatur di dalam cooling box sebesar -30,1°C serta nilai-nilai maksimum dari performa sistem refrigerasi cascade pada beban 98 Watt yaitu kapasitas pendinginan maksimum pada sistem Low Stage adalah 0,60654 kW, kerja maksimum kompresor pada sistem High Stage 0,1711 kW dan Low Stage 0,4432 kW, nilai COP cascade maksimum 0,9969, efek refrigerasi maksimum pada Low Stage 137,85 kJ/kg, HRR maksimum pada Low Stage 1,731. Kemudian diperoleh nilai effectiveness cascade heat exchanger tertinggi 0,922 dan terendah 0,912 serta nilai NTU tertinggi 7,1800 dan terendah 6,4121.

Sistem Pre Kompilasi Data Tracer Studi Online Ditjen Belmawa Ristekdikti (Studi Kasus: Politeknik Harapan Bersama

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Very Kurnia Bakti

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Tracer studi merupakan salah satu upaya yang diharapkan dapat menyediakan informasi untuk mengevaluasi hasil pendidikan di Politeknik Harapan Bersama dari kuisioner yang diberikan kepada alumni. Kegiatan tracer studi ini sudah dilaksanakan secara online, namun masih terdapat kendala pada bagian sistem yang digunakan saat ini, hal tersebut menyebabkan Politeknik Harapan Bersama tidak dapat melaporkan / mengunggah hasil tracer studi kepada Ditjen Belmawa Ristekdikti, dimana form kuisioner dan data export tracer studi yang dihasilkan berbeda dengan kebutuhan seperti yang tercantum pada surat edaran No. 313/B/SE/2016 tentang pelaksanaan tracer studi di tingkat perguruan tinggi. Mengingat pentingnya tracer studi sebagai umpan balik bagi Politeknik Harapan Bersama, maka perlu solusi untuk mengatasi kekurangan sistem ini. Dengan merubah sistem yang ada dengan sistem tracer studi yang baru merupakan solusi yang tepat dalam permasalahan ini. Sistem tracer studi yang baru mampu menghasilkan data tracer studi alumni dan pengisian form kuisioner sesuai dengan standar Ditjen Belmawa Ristekdikti yang dapat diunggah sistem tracer studi ristekdikti.

KAJIAN ASET NIRWUJUD DALAM MANAJEMEN SISTEM IRIGASI Study on Intangible Assets in Irrigation System Management

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Nugroho Tri Waskitho

2012-05-01

Full Text Available The research aimed at studying on intangible assets at irrigation system management. The research method consisted oftwo stages. The first stage was data collecting which was done by questionnaire and interview on management of Water Use Associations (WUA in Mejing irrigation system in Bantul, Sapon irrigation system in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta, and Molek irrigation system in Malang, East Java. The second stage was data analysis which was done using ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System.The research result indicated that knowledge management falls into four main components: (i learning organization, (ii principle of organization, (iii policy and strategy of organization, and (iv information and communication technology which are integrated for controlling intangible assets in irrigation system. Intangible assets consisted of human capital, structural capital, and relation capital which are integrated for controlling performance of irrigation system. Knowledge management in Mejing and Sapon irrigation systems were in moderate-good condition (3.81 in1-5 scale and in Molek irrigation system was poor (2.37. Intangible assets in Mejing, Sapon, and Molek irrigation systems were in moderate-good condition (3.61. Effectiveness of performance in Sapon, Mejing, and Molek irrigation systems were very good (0.89-0.95 and were very potential to develop. Each irrigation system had different priorities ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji kondisi aset nirwujud dalam manajemen sistem irigasi ditinjau dari manajemenpengetahuan. Metode penelitian terdiri dari dua tahap. Tahap pertama adalah pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan kuesioner dan wawancara dengan pengurus Perkumpulan Petani Pemakai Air (P3A di Daerah Irigasi (DI Mejing di kabupaten Bantul, dan DI Sapon di kabupaten Kulon Progo, propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, dan DI Molek di kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Tahap kedua adalah analisa data yang dilakukan dengan ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro

The US EPA reference dose for methylmercury: sources of uncertainty

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rice, D.C.

2004-01-01

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) derived a reference dose for methylmercury in 2001, based on an extensive analysis by the National Research Council (NRC) of the National Academy of Sciences. The NRC performed benchmark dose analysis on a number of endpoints from three longitudinal prospective studies: the Seychelles Islands, the Faroe Islands, and the New Zealand studies. Adverse effects were reported in the latter two studies, but not in the Seychelles study. The NRC also performed an integrative analysis of all three studies. Dose conversion from cord blood or maternal hair mercury concentration was performed by EPA using a one-compartment pharmacokinetic model. A total uncertainty factor of 10 was applied for intrahuman pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variability. There are numerous decisions made by the NRC/EPA that could greatly affect the value of the reference dose (RfD). Some of these include the choice of a linear model for the relationship between mercury body burden and neuropsychological performance, the choice of values of P 0 and the benchmark response, the use of the 'critical study/critical endpoint' approach in the interpretation of the maternal body burden that corresponds to the RfD, the use of central tendencies in a one-compartment pharmacokinetic model rather than the inclusion of the distributions of variables for the population of reproductive-age women, the assumption of unity for the ratio of fetal cord blood to maternal blood methylmercury concentrations, the choice of a total of 10 as an uncertainty factor, and the lack of dose-response analysis for other health effects such as cardiovascular disease. In addition, it may be argued that derivation of a RfD for methylmercury is inappropriate, given that there does not appear to be a threshold for adverse neuropsychological effects based on available data

Cognitive deficits at age 22 years associated with prenatal exposure to methylmercury

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Debes, Frodi; Weihe, Pál; Grandjean, Philippe

2016-01-01

methylmercury exposure was assessed in terms of the mercury concentration in cord blood and maternal hair. Clinical examinations of 847 cohort members at age 22 years were carried out in 2008-2009 using a panel of neuropsychological tests that reflected major functional domains. Subjects with neurological...... and psychiatric diagnoses were excluded from the data analysis, thus leaving 814 subjects. Multiple regression analysis included covariates previously identified for adjustment. Deficits in Boston Naming Test (BNT) and other tests of verbal performance were significantly associated with the cord-blood mercury...... to about 2.2 IQ points at a 10-fold increased prenatal methylmercury exposure. Thus, although the cognitive deficits observed were smaller than at examinations at younger ages, maternal diets with contaminated seafood were associated with adverse effects in this birth cohort at age 22 years. The deficits...

Trace-elements, methylmercury and metallothionein levels in Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) found stranded on the Southern Brazilian coast.

Science.gov (United States)

Kehrig, Helena A; Hauser-Davis, Rachel A; Seixas, Tércia G; Fillmann, Gilberto

2015-07-15

Magellanic penguins have been reported as good biomonitors for several types of pollutants, including trace-elements. In this context, selenium (Se), total mercury, methylmercury, inorganic mercury (Hg(inorg)), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), as well as metallothionein (MT) levels, were evaluated in the feathers, liver and kidney of juvenile Magellanic penguins found stranded along the coast of Southern Brazil. The highest concentrations of all trace-elements and methylmercury were found in internal organs. Concentrations of Cd and Se in feathers were extremely low in comparison with their concentrations in soft tissues. The results showed that both Se and MT are involved in the detoxification of trace-elements (Cd, Pb and Hg(inorg)) since statistically significant relationships were found in liver. Conversely, hepatic Se was shown to be the only detoxifying agent for methylmercury. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

1H NMR-based serum metabolomics reveals erythromycin-induced liver toxicity in albino Wistar rats

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Atul Rawat

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Erythromycin (ERY is known to induce hepatic toxicity which mimics other liver diseases. Thus, ERY is often used to produce experimental models of drug-induced liver-toxicity. The serum metabolic profiles can be used to evaluate the liver-toxicity and to further improve the understanding of underlying mechanism. Objective: To establish the serum metabolic patterns of Erythromycin induced hepatotoxicity in albino wistar rats using 1H NMR based serum metabolomics. Experimental: Fourteen male rats were randomly divided into two groups (n = 7 in each group: control and ERY treated. After 28 days of intervention, the metabolic profiles of sera obtained from ERY and control groups were analyzed using high-resolution 1D 1H CPMG and diffusion-edited nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR spectra. The histopathological and SEM examinations were employed to evaluate the liver toxicity in ERY treated group. Results: The serum metabolic profiles of control and ERY treated rats were compared using multivariate statistical analysis and the metabolic patterns specific to ERY-induced liver toxicity were established. The toxic response of ERY was characterized with: (a increased serum levels of Glucose, glutamine, dimethylamine, malonate, choline, phosphocholine and phospholipids and (b decreased levels of isoleucine, leucine, valine, alanine, glutamate, citrate, glycerol, lactate, threonine, circulating lipoproteins, N-acetyl glycoproteins, and poly-unsaturated lipids. These metabolic alterations were found to be associated with (a decreased TCA cycle activity and enhanced fatty acid oxidation, (b dysfunction of lipid and amino acid metabolism and (c oxidative stress. Conclusion and Recommendations: Erythromycin is often used to produce experimental models of liver toxicity; therefore, the established NMR-based metabolic patterns will form the basis for future studies aiming to evaluate the efficacy of anti-hepatotoxic agents or the hepatotoxicity of new

SISTEM KOMPUTERISASI PRESENSI KARYAWAN DENGAN FINGERPRINT DI STMIK AMIKOM PURWOKERTO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abdul Jahir

2011-02-01

Full Text Available I'enelitian yang bcrjulul Sisten Kompulerisasi presensi Karyawan tlenganFingerprint ini be ujuan untuk membangun iptikasi presensi d"ngoi ^erggurrft on4:suo:r!.. Metode yang digunakan uautr pengembangan sistem menggunaka, modelI4/ater Fall yaitu : penentuan cJan Anarisi siesrfitsistem mudah trioperasionaioT. 'nori anarisa kerayakan sistem,penel,itian .ini juga layak dikembaigkar, d"ngi, pirn,trrgon payback periodmembutuhkan waktu 3 tahun 0,1 tio, i*rsto'riiyikan kZmbali,-^;;gg;;k";pcrhirungun Ret rn of lnvcs,tment, nilai ya.nq ditlynat 17,9% ladt nOt , 6,-'irr*",,perhitungan Net Presenr Value n-ilar yang didapakn Rp. 6.92g.619 sehingga NpV >0, dengan,perhirungan Beneft.Co,t. Rstios fi[iirrai[ekm on,o,otrrri;;;;;"r0nilai perbandingan yang didapatkan.1,5 schingga I L Dari p"rniir-ry*' "rii;ikclayakan dengan ke empai merode diatas makiiystem layuk ,itrt ,lifu7g,rn'io,dikembangkan. Dalam -penelitian iri .,airi*putioni"'U. n, STMIK AMKOMPurwokerto pertu dibuit rancang bangun 'sistem presensi Karyawan dengan .menggunakan Fingerprint sebaga,i arat seisor sicrik jari un!uk proses'ider,,7i"ri'i,l::t"'::,rry. 2. Sistem.yang dibangun.j.uga.mampu meryaiikan ir\\oi,iri i"r$,Iaporan rekap presensi karvawan yang dibutuhkan ileh: bignn fup"goroion,Lo[ionkeuangan dan bagian lain ang membutuhkan.

Criteria for solvent-induced chronic toxic encephalopathy: a systematic review

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Hoek, J. A.; Verberk, M. M.; Hageman, G.

2000-01-01

In 1985, a WHO Working Group presented diagnostic criteria and a classification for solvent-induced chronic toxic encephalopathy (CTE). In the same year, the "Workshop on neurobehavioral effects of solvents" in Raleigh, N.C., USA introduced a somewhat different classification for CTE. The objective

Sistem Informasi Penjualan dan Pemesanan Layanan Berbasis Web dan SMS Gateway di Petshop "PetZone"

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Siska Fadhilah Wati

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Dewasa ini teknologi informasi sangat membantu dalam dunia bisnis. Kemudahan yang ditawarkan akan menjaring lebih banyak konsumen. Namun, perusahan tingkat menengah seperti PetZone saat ini masih jarang yang menawarkan kemudahan berbelanja atau pemesanan layanan secara online. Oleh karena itu diperlukan sebuah sistem berbasis web di perusahaan PetZone yang dapat memudahkan pemilik dan karyawan dalam apenjualan, pelayanan, dan pemasaran, serta memudahkan pelanggan dalam jual-beli barang dan jasa. Atas dasar masalah tersebut dibangun Sistem Informasi Penjualan dan Pemesanan Layanan Berbasis Web dan SMS Gateway untuk menunjang proses bisnis yang ada. Sistem informasi dibangun menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP framework Codeigniter, javascript untuk tampilan yang dinamis, dan database MySQL. Proses pembuatan dan pengembangan Sistem Informasi Penjualan ini menggunakan metode air terjun. Metode air terjun meliputi kebutuhan pengguna, analisis, rancangan, implementasi dan pengujian. Pemodelan Sistem Informasi yang dibangun menggunakan metode berorientasi objek UML (Unified Modeling Language yang terdiri dari Use case  diagram, Class diagram dan Sequence diagram. Hasil pengujian Sistem Informasi Penjualan dan Pemesanan Layanan Berbasis Web dan SMS Gateway menunjukkan bahwa semua fitur yang terdapat baik dalam sistem informasi maupun SMS gateway dapat bekerja dengan baikdengan ratusan sample data, dan server SMS gateway dapat memproses lebih dari satu SMS secara bersamaan. Dalam perkembangan ke depannya nanti, Sistem Informasi Penjualan dan Pemesanan Layanan Berbasis Web dan SMS Gateway masih dapat dikembangkan lagi dengan menambah fitur-fitur pada SMS gateway sehingga lebih memudahkan konsumen.

The cathepsin B inhibitor, z-FA-CMK is toxic and readily induced cell death in human T lymphocytes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liow, K.Y.; Chow, S.C., E-mail: chow.sek.chuen@monash.edu

2013-11-01

The cathepsin B inhibitor, benzyloxycarbonyl-phenylalanine-alanine-chloromethylketone (z-FA-CMK) was found to be toxic and readily induced cell death in the human T cell line, Jurkat, whereas two other analogs benzyloxycarbonyl-phenylalanine-alanine-fluoromethylketone (z-FA-FMK) and benzyloxycarbonyl-phenylalanine-alanine-diazomethylketone (z-FA-DMK) were not toxic. The toxicity of z-FA-CMK requires not only the CMK group, but also the presence of alanine in the P1 position and the benzyloxycarbonyl group at the N-terminal. Dose–response studies showed that lower concentrations of z-FA-CMK induced apoptosis in Jurkat T cells whereas higher concentrations induced necrosis. In z-FA-CMK-induced apoptosis, both initiator caspases (-8 and -9) and effector caspases (-3, -6 and -7) were processed to their respective subunits in Jurkat T cells. However, only the pro-form of the initiator caspases were reduced in z-FA-CMK-induced necrosis and no respective subunits were apparent. The caspase inihibitor benzyloxycarbonyl-valine-alanine-aspartic acid-(O-methyl)-fluoromehylketone (z-VAD-FMK) inhibits apoptosis and caspase processing in Jurkat T cells treated with low concentration of z-FA-CMK but has no effect on z-FA-CMK-induced necrosis and the loss of initiator caspases. This suggests that the loss of initiator caspases in Jurkat T cells during z-FA-CMK-induced necrosis is not a caspase-dependent process. Taken together, we have demonstrated that z-FA-CMK is toxic to Jurkat T cells and induces apoptosis at low concentrations, while at higher concentrations the cells die of necrosis. - Highlights: • z-FA-CMK is toxic and induce cell death in the human T cells. • z-FA-CMK toxicity requires the CMK group, alanine and the benzyloxycarbonyl group. • z-FA-CMK induced apoptosis at low concentration and necrosis at high concentration.

The cathepsin B inhibitor, z-FA-CMK is toxic and readily induced cell death in human T lymphocytes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liow, K.Y.; Chow, S.C.

2013-01-01

The cathepsin B inhibitor, benzyloxycarbonyl-phenylalanine-alanine-chloromethylketone (z-FA-CMK) was found to be toxic and readily induced cell death in the human T cell line, Jurkat, whereas two other analogs benzyloxycarbonyl-phenylalanine-alanine-fluoromethylketone (z-FA-FMK) and benzyloxycarbonyl-phenylalanine-alanine-diazomethylketone (z-FA-DMK) were not toxic. The toxicity of z-FA-CMK requires not only the CMK group, but also the presence of alanine in the P1 position and the benzyloxycarbonyl group at the N-terminal. Dose–response studies showed that lower concentrations of z-FA-CMK induced apoptosis in Jurkat T cells whereas higher concentrations induced necrosis. In z-FA-CMK-induced apoptosis, both initiator caspases (-8 and -9) and effector caspases (-3, -6 and -7) were processed to their respective subunits in Jurkat T cells. However, only the pro-form of the initiator caspases were reduced in z-FA-CMK-induced necrosis and no respective subunits were apparent. The caspase inihibitor benzyloxycarbonyl-valine-alanine-aspartic acid-(O-methyl)-fluoromehylketone (z-VAD-FMK) inhibits apoptosis and caspase processing in Jurkat T cells treated with low concentration of z-FA-CMK but has no effect on z-FA-CMK-induced necrosis and the loss of initiator caspases. This suggests that the loss of initiator caspases in Jurkat T cells during z-FA-CMK-induced necrosis is not a caspase-dependent process. Taken together, we have demonstrated that z-FA-CMK is toxic to Jurkat T cells and induces apoptosis at low concentrations, while at higher concentrations the cells die of necrosis. - Highlights: • z-FA-CMK is toxic and induce cell death in the human T cells. • z-FA-CMK toxicity requires the CMK group, alanine and the benzyloxycarbonyl group. • z-FA-CMK induced apoptosis at low concentration and necrosis at high concentration

Pengembangan SIVAJAR : Sistem Informasi Evaluasi Belajar Berbasis Web (Studi Kasus : SMK Negeri 3 Singaraja

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

I Gede Dedy Prasetia

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Penelitian ini bertujuan : (1 Menghasilkan rancangan dan mengembangkan SIVAJAR : Sistem Informasi Evaluasi Belajar Berbasis Web (Studi Kasus : SMK Negeri 3 Singaraja, (2 Mengetahui respon guru dan siswa terhadap implementasi SIVAJAR : Sistem Informasi Evaluasi Belajar Berbasis Web (Studi Kasus : SMK Negeri 3 Singaraja. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian dan pengembangan dengan model waterfall, yaitu model yang bersifat sistematis dan berurutan dalam membangun perangkat lunak, mulai dati tahap analisis, desain, implementasi, dan pengujian. Analisis dilakukan melalui observasi dan wawancara langsung dengan wakasek kurikulum, guru dan siswa SMK Negeri 3 Singaraja. Implementasi penelitian ini menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan Javascript dengan framework laravel serta Sublime sebagai code editor. Pengujian SIVAJAR (Sistem Informasi Evaluasi Belajar Berbasis Web (Studi Kasus : SMK Negeri 3 Singaraja dilaksanakan dalam 3 tahap yaitu : (1 Pengujian blackbox (pengujian fungsionalitas diperoleh seluruh proses telah mampu berjalan dengan baik, (2  Pengujian whitebox (pengujian prosedural diperoleh pengimplementasian algoritma telah berhasil, (3 Pengujian usibility testing diperoleh sistem sudah efektif dan efisien serta untuk kepuasan pengguna telah menghasilkan bahwa pengguna merasa puas menggunakan SIVAJAR : Sistem Informasi Evaluasi Belajar Berbasis Web (Studi Kasus : SMK Negeri 3 Singaraja.   Kata kunci: Evaluasi Belajar, Sistem Informasi, Web, SMK

PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI KEPEGAWAIAN BERBASIS WEBSITE DI BAGIAN KEPAGAWAIAN SDN BINAKARYA I KABUPATEN GARUT

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Mohamad Reza Fachlevi

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Sistem informasi kepegawaian merupakan sebuah sistem yang bertujuan untuk mengelola data kepegawaian sebuah, kebutuhan akan informasi pada saat ini semakin meningkat hal ini memnuntut kinerja sebuah informasi untuk cepat dan dapat di dapat di percaya dalam mengelola informasi. Namun dalam hal ini pelaksanaan Sistem informasi kepegawaian di SDN BINAKARYA 1 masih mengalami beberapa  kendala,  seperti  dalam  hal  pengolahan  data  KGB,  Kenaikan  pangkat,  kepensiunan  serta penilaian pegawai. Oleh sebab itu, maka dikembangkanlah sistem informasi kepegawaian tersebut dengan tujuan untuk membantu proses pengajuan pensiun, KGB, kenaikan pangkat, penilaian pegawai sehingga dapat mempercepat pekerjaan.Dalam penelitian ini metode penelitian yang digunakan   ialah metode deskriptif  dan  tindakan  (aksi  serta  untuk  merancang  sistem  informasi  kepegawaian  digunakan pendekatan berorientasi objek (OOP dan untuk metode pengembangan menggunakan metode prototipe, serta alat bantu yang digunakan adalah usecase, activity diagram, class diagram, object diagram dan deployment diagram.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah sistem informasi kepegawaian yang dapat membantu pegawai dalam menyipkan persyaratan kenaikan pangkat kepensiunan penilaian pegawai dengan adanya sebuah database yang terintegrasi.

Risiko Rantai Pasok Minuman Sari Apel Dalam Perspektif Sistem Traceability

OpenAIRE

Handayani, Dwi Iryaning

2014-01-01

Risiko merupakan faktor-faktor yang menghambat operasional pada rantai pasok makanan yang tidak dapat dihindari akan tetapi dapat diminimalisir atau dihilangkan dengan melakukan penanganan risiko yang tepat. Salah satu penanganan risiko dengan menggunakan sistem traceability. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan penaksiran risiko yang terjadi pada rantai pasok minuman sari apel berdasarkan informasi sistem traceability. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode SCOR (Supply ...

SISTEM PEMANTAU PERTUMBUHAN POHON DI AREA HUTAN PENAMPUNG AIR TANAH MENGGUNAKAN METODE PENGINDERAAN JAUH (INDERAJA DAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS (SIG DI WILAYAH PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH

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Cahaya Jatmoko

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Salah satu penyebab terjadinya tanah longsor dan banjir adalah rusaknya kawasan hutan, namun karena illegal logging , pembukaan ilegal taman , dan perambahan hutan memicu pencabutan hak pengusahaan hutan ( HPH , yang diserahkan kepada kendali lokal , tapi tidak berjalan dengan baik . Dari area data akses terbuka pada tahun 2010 ada sekitar 20 juta hektar dan tidak ditindaklanjuti pengelolaannya.Hutan yang telah mengalami kerusakan akibat penebangan liar perlu direhabilitasi.Dengan menggunakan data spasial ini , kegiatan rehabilitasi dapat diidentifikasi dan dimonitor dengan lebih baik. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut maka dibutuhkan sebuah sistem yang dapat memantau kegiatan rehabilitasi yang dalam penelitian ini menggunakan data Landsat TM, Data penginderaan jauh dan Sistem Informasi Geografis ( GIS merupakan suatu metode yang dapat diterapkan bersama-sama , untuk memantau dan menganalisa data dengan cepat dan akurat . Penelitian ini menggunakan data penginderaan jauh dengan mengumpulkan fitur tutupan lahan di daerah tertentu yang terjangkau ke seluruh pelosok area hutan penampung air tanah di Provinsi Jawa Tengah . Sistem Informasi Geografis digunakan untuk menangkap dan menganalisa data pertumbuhan pohon . Hasil yang diharapkan adalah terwujudnya sistem informasi geografis yang dapat memantau pertumbuhan pohon di area hutan penampung air tanah di wilayah Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Kata Kunci : data spasial, Landsat TM, Remote Sensing

Determination of methylmercury and estimation of total mercury in seafood using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS): Method development and validation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hight, Susan C. [Elemental Research Branch, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, MD 20740-3835 (United States)]. E-mail: susan.hight@fda.gov; Cheng, John [Elemental Research Branch, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, MD 20740-3835 (United States)]. E-mail: john.cheng@fda.gov

2006-05-17

A method was developed for determination of methylmercury and estimation of total mercury in seafood. Mercury (Hg) compounds were extracted from 0.5 g edible seafood or 0.2 g lyophilized reference material by adding 50 ml aqueous 1% w/v L-cysteine.HCl.H{sub 2}O and heating 120 min at 60 deg. C in glass vials. Hg compounds in 50 {mu}l of filtered extract were separated by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography using a C-18 column and aqueous 0.1% w/v L-cysteine.HCl.H{sub 2}O + 0.1% w/v L-cysteine mobile phase at room temperature and were detected by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry at mass-to-charge ratio 202. Total Hg was calculated as the mathematical sum of methyl and inorganic Hg determined in extracts. For seafoods containing 0.055-2.78 mg kg{sup -1} methylmercury and 0.014-0.137 mg kg{sup -1} inorganic Hg, precision of analyses was {<=}5% relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) for methylmercury and {<=}9% R.S.D. for inorganic Hg. Recovery of added analyte was 94% for methylmercury and 98% for inorganic Hg. Methyl and total Hg results for reference materials agreed with certified values. Limits of quantitation were 0.007 mg kg{sup -1} methylmercury and 0.005 mg kg{sup -1} inorganic Hg in edible seafood and 0.017 mg kg{sup -1} methylmercury and 0.012 mg kg{sup -1} inorganic Hg in lyophilized reference materials. Evaluation of analyte stability demonstrated that L-cysteine both stabilized and de-alkylated methylmercury, depending on holding time and cysteine concentration. Polypropylene adversely affected methylmercury stability. Total Hg results determined by this method were equivalent to results determined independently by cold vapour-atomic absorption spectrometry. Methylmercury was the predominant form of Hg in finfish. Ratios of methylmercury/total Hg determined by this method were 93-98% for finfish and 38-48% for mollusks.

Phytoremediation Of Mercury And Methylmercury Contaminated Sediments By Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)

Science.gov (United States)

Phytoremediation has potential to be implemented at mercury (Hg) and methylmercury (MeHg) contaminated sites. Water hyacinths (Eichhornia crassipes) were investigated for their ability to assimilate Hg and MeHg into plant biomass, in both aquatic and sediment-associated f...

IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM AUTENTIKASI JARINGAN HOTSPOT UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN OPEN SOURCE FREERADIUS

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Pande sudiarta

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Universitas Udayana sudah menyediakan layanan akses hotspot di beberapa Fakultasnya baik yang berada diKampus Denpasar, Kampus Nias, maupun di Kampus Bukit Jimbaran. Untuk dapat memanfaatkan layanan hotspot,user harus login terlebih dahulu dan melewati proses autentikasi username dan password. Saat ini user account digeneratedari ticket printer yang terpasang ke masing-masing akses poin yang ada di Universitas Udayana. Melihatbanyaknya layanan hotspot yang ada di Universitas Udayana, tentunya akan menyulitkan user karena masingmasinghotspot mempunyai account yang berbeda-beda. Sehingga dilakukan penelitian bagaimanamengimplementasikan sistem autentikasi terpusat menggunakan open source freeradius dan mysql sebagai databaseuser serta mengimplementasikan manajemen sistem yang berbasis web interface untuk memudahkan administratoratau operator dalam mengelola user.Hasil penelitian ini akan dipakai sebagai sistem yang akan menangani autentikasi user jaringan hotspot secaraterpusat di Universitas Udayana. Metode analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan metode analisisdeskriftif yaitu menganalisis data-data hasil pengujian yang dilakukan dan menarik kesimpulan dari hasil analisistersebut. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menguji kestabilan sistem dalam menangani permintaan autentikasi dalamjumlah yang banyak yang login dalam waktu yang bersamaan, menerapkan secondary server, melakukan pengujianseberapa signifikan pengaruh jarak terhadap time latency autentikasi user dengan account radius, pengujian timelatency autentikasi user yang akses ke extended akses poin baik yang menggunakan gelombang radio dan fiber optikdengan account radius. Dalam mengimplementasikan sistem autentikasi radius diperlukan server radius yang akanmenangani proses autentikasi, autorisasi dan accounting user. Semua hotspot yang terintegrasi dengan server radiusakan melakukan autentikasi ke sebuah server radius.Dengan menerapkan web based administration interface, maka

PENGENDALIAN LIMBAH AMONIA BUDIDAYA IKAN LELE DENGAN SISTEM HETEROTROFIK MENUJU SISTEM AKUAKULTUR NIR-LIMBAH

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Bambang Gunadi

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Limbah amonia dari budidaya ikan yang dibuang langsung ke perairan sekitarnya merupakan sumber pencemaran yang perlu mendapat perhatian. Potensi pasokan amonia ke dalam air budidaya ikan adalah sebesar 75% dari kadar nitrogen dalam pakan. Pengubahan nitrogen dalam sistem akuakultur yang berperan dalam pengurangan kandungan amonia terdiri atas tiga proses yakni proses fotoautotrofik oleh alga, proses bakterial autotrofik yang mengubah amonia menjadi nitrat, dan proses bakterial heterotrofik yang mengubah amonia langsung menjadi biomassa mikroba. Proses mikrobial seperti tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan kualitas air dan mengurangi beban cemaran limbah budidaya ikan ke perairan sekitarnya. Pada prinsipnya kandungan amonia di dalam air kolam dirangsang untuk berubah menjadi alga atau bakteri. Penelitian penerapan sistem heterotrofik untuk mengurangi beban limbah budidaya ikan lele (Clarias gariepinus telah dilaksanakan di Loka Riset Pemuliaan dan Teknologi Budidaya Perikanan Air Tawar, Sukamandi. Air pemeliharaan ikan lele dialirkan ke ruang pemeliharaan ikan nila. Pemberian pakan hanya diberikan kepada ikan lele. Kandungan amonia yang ada dipacu untuk diubah menjadi biomassa bakteri dengan memberikan pasokan karbon berupa molases yang merupakan hasil samping pabrik gula. Hasil yang diperoleh setelah pengamatan selama 7 minggu menunjukkan bahwa kadar amonia dapat dipertahankan di bawah 0,1 mg/L NH3/L, produksi biomassa bakteri dalam bentuk padatan volatil total (total volatile solids, TVS mencapai 85,5 mg/L dan pertumbuhan ikan nila mencapai 30,53%. Sistem heterotrofik mempunyai peluang untuk diterapkan dalam pemanfaatan limbah amonia pada pemeliharaan ikan lele. Namun demikian, masih diperlukan kajian lebih lanjut dalam rangka optimalisasi keragaan sistem heterotrofik dalam mendukung sistem akuakultur nir-limbah (zero-waste aquaculture. Waste from fish farm which is directly discharged to the sorounding water is a potential source of

SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN UNTUK PEMBORAN SUMUR MINYAK BERDASARKAN PERHITUNGAN EKONOMI

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Herry Sofyan

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Oil represent one of nature resource which is not new but represent the solid industry of capital, technological solid and have the high risk. This matter need system of decision supporter capable to give the economics analysis needed by taker of decision or decision maker to analyse the prospect of development economics well of oil drilling so that can be made by a decision base of whether the oil well competent developed or not. Intention of this system is to give the amenity for user in taking decision of whether an developed competent oil well or not. Hence from that felt important to be designed and develop by system of decision supporter for the drilling of oilwell pursuant to economic calculation. In this system economics parameter used in the form of Net Present Value ( NPV, Rate Of Return ( ROR, Profit To Investment Ratio ( PEAR, and Pay Out Time ( POT. Methodologies used in develop this system method of Water Fall and this system will be develop to use the software Delphi 7.0. This system will give the output in the form of decision base whether competent oil well drilling project to be developed or not pursuant to its economics calculation. Minyak merupakan salah satu sumber daya alam yang tidak terbaharukan namun merupakan industri yang padat modal, padat teknologi dan mempunyai resiko yang tinggi. Hal ini memerlukan suatu sistem pendukung keputusan yang mampu memberikan analisa ekonomi yang diperlukan oleh pengambil keputusan atau decision maker untuk menganalisa prospek keekonomian pengembangan suatu sumur pemboran minyak sehingga dapat dijadikan dasar keputusan apakah sumur minyak tersebut layak dikembangkan atau tidak. Tujuan dari sistem ini adalah untuk memberikan kemudahan bagi user dalam mengambil keputusan apakah suatu sumur minyak layak dikembangkan atau tidak. Maka dari itu dirasa penting untuk dirancang dan dibangun sistem pendukung keputusan untuk pemboran sumur minyak berdasarkan perhitungan ekonomi. Dalam sistem ini

Protective Effect of Morocco Carob Honey Against Lead-Induced Anemia and Hepato-Renal Toxicity

OpenAIRE

Aicha Fassi Fihri; Noori S. Al-Waili; Redouan El-Haskoury; Meryem Bakour; Afaf Amarti; Mohammad J. Ansari; Badiaa Lyoussi

2016-01-01

Background/Aims: Natural honey has many biological activities including protective effect against toxic materials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of carob honey against lead-induced hepato-renal toxicity and lead-induced anemia in rabbits. Methods: Twenty four male rabbits were allocated into four groups six rabbits each; group 1: control group, received distilled water (0.1 ml / kg.b.wt /daily); group 2: received oral lead acetate (2 g/kg.b.wt/daily); group 3: tr...

Concentrations of methylmercury in invertebrates from wetlands of the Prairie Pothole Region of North America

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bates, Lara M.; Hall, Britt D.

2012-01-01

Prairie wetlands may be important sites of mercury (Hg) methylation resulting in elevated methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in water, sediments and biota. Invertebrates are an important food resource and may act as an indicator of MeHg exposure to higher organisms. In 2007–2008, invertebrates were collected from wetland ponds in central Saskatchewan, categorized into functional feeding groups (FFGs) and analyzed for total Hg (THg) and MeHg. Methylmercury and THg concentrations in four FFGs ranged from 0.2–393.5 ng·g −1 and 9.7–507.1 ng·g −1 , respectively. Methylmercury concentrations generally increased from gastropods with significantly lower average MeHg concentrations compared to other invertebrate taxa. Surrounding land use (agricultural, grassland and organic agricultural) may influence MeHg concentrations in invertebrates, with invertebrate MeHg concentrations being higher from organic ponds (457.5 ± 156.7 ng·g −1 ) compared to those from grassland ponds (74.8 ± 14.6 ng·g −1 ) and ponds on agricultural lands (32.8 ± 6.2 ng·g −1 ). - Highlights: ► MeHg concentrations ranged from 0.2 to 393.5 ng·g −1 and generally increased with trophic level. ► Gastropods had significantly lower average MeHg concentrations compared to other invertebrates. ► Surrounding land use may influence MeHg concentrations in invertebrates. ► MeHg concentrations were higher in organic ponds compared to grassland and agricultural ponds. - Methylmercury concentrations in aquatic invertebrates in wetlands of the Great Plains of North America may differ depending on the land use of adjacent farmland.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Penghitungan Pajak Penghasilan (PPh Pegawai UPGRIS Berbasis Web

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

aris tri Jaka Harjanta

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Informasi seputar pemotongan atau pengurangan penghasilan kena pajak merupakan salah satu hal yang sangat menarik dan seringkali membingungkan serta tidak jarang menimbulkan sebuah tanda tanya tentang bersaran nominal yang dikurangkan terhadap pokok penghasilan kena pajak tersebut. Berawal dari seringnya pertanyaan serta kebingungan dalam penghitungan pajak terhadap penghasilan makan perlu adanya sebuah sistem informasi yang daat mengakomodir dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan mengenai informasi tersebut. Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Penghitungan Pajak (Kalkulator Pajak Berbasis Web Menggunakan Jquery PHP & Mysql pada proyek penelitian ini diharapkan mempermudah dan dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih dalam rangka penghitungan pajaknya. Sistem informasi ini dibuat berbasis Web tentunya di peruntukkan dalam rangka kemudahan akses dan berkembangnya sistem berbasis web yang semakin mudah. Serta menggunakan library Jquery yang dapat mengolah data secara client side sehingga diharapkan mampu mengolah data personal masing - masing pengguna secara indifidual dalam browser atau perangkat komputer masing - masing.

Implementasi Sistem Penyiaran Musik Digital di Kafe menggunakan Visible Light Communication

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DENNY DARLIS

2018-03-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Teknologi penyiaran dengan frekuensi radio menggunakan teknik modulasi frekuensi (FM telah dikenal sejak lama. Teknologi ini memfasilitasi pengiriman suara melalui sinyal analog dari pemancar kepada penerima. Pengembangan teknologi komunikasi menggunakan cahaya tampak yang memanfaatkan lampu LED sebagai pengirim informasi cukup banyak dilakukan. Pada penelitian ini diimplementasi sistem pengiriman dan penerimaaan siaran musik digital dengan memanfaatkan cahaya tampak yang berasal dari lampu penerangan di kafe. Sistem visible light communication (VLC diimplementasikan dengan menggunakan metoda modulasi intensitas dan deteksi langsung (IM/DD. Dari hasil pengujian dapat ditunjukkan bahwa sistem ini dapat melewatkan siaran musik digital dengan redaman rata-rata 7,77 dB pada jarak maksimal adalah 3 meter. Hasil dari sistem yang telah dirancang dan diimplementasikan menunjukan hasil yang baik sehingga layak untuk diterapkan pada system penyiaran musik digital di kafe. Kata kunci: Visible Light Communication, IM/DD, Sistem Penyiaran Musik Digital, Sistem Penerangan Kafe. ABSTRACT Broadcasting technology uses radio frequency and technique of frequency modulation (FM has been known for a long time. This technology allows the transmission of voice through analog signals from transmitter to receiver. Currently, many research on visible light communication technology utilizes LED lights as the sender. In this paper presented the results of transmitter and receiver system implementation of digital musik broadcast for use in the cafe. Visible light communication (VLC system is implemented using intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD method. From the test results can be shown that this system can pass digital musik broadcast with an average attenuation of 7.77 dB at maximum distance is 3 meters. Results of the system that has been designed and implemented shows good results, so it deserves to be applied to the digital musik broadcasting

Implementasi Sistem Penyiaran Musik Digital di Kafe menggunakan Visible Light Communication

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

DENNY DARLIS

2017-06-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAKTeknologi penyiaran dengan frekuensi radio menggunakan teknik modulasi frekuensi (FM telah dikenal sejak lama. Teknologi ini memfasilitasi pengiriman suara melalui sinyal analog dari pemancar kepada penerima. Pengembangan teknologi komunikasi menggunakan cahaya tampak yang memanfaatkan lampu LED sebagai pengirim informasi cukup banyak dilakukan. Pada penelitian ini diimplementasi sistem pengiriman dan penerimaaan siaran musik digital dengan memanfaatkan cahaya tampak yang berasal dari lampu penerangan di kafe. Sistem visible light communication (VLC diimplementasikan dengan menggunakan metoda modulasi intensitas dan deteksi langsung (IM/DD. Dari hasil pengujian dapat ditunjukkan bahwa sistem ini dapat melewatkan siaran musik digital dengan redaman rata-rata 7,77 dB pada jarak maksimal adalah 3 meter. Hasil dari sistem yang telah dirancang dan diimplementasikan menunjukan hasil yang baik sehingga layak untuk diterapkan pada system penyiaran musik digital di kafe.Kata kunci: Visible Light Communication, IM/DD, Sistem Penyiaran Musik Digital, Sistem Penerangan Kafe.ABSTRACTBroadcasting technology uses radio frequency and technique of frequency modulation (FM has been known for a long time. This technology allows the transmission of voice through analog signals from transmitter to receiver. Currently, many research on visible light communication technology utilizes LED lights as the sender. In this paper presented the results of transmitter and receiver system implementation of digital musik broadcast for use in the cafe. Visible light communication (VLC system is implemented using intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD method. From the test results can be shown that this system can pass digital musik broadcast with an average attenuation of 7.77 dB at maximum distance is 3 meters. Results of the system that has been designed and implemented shows good results, so it deserves to be applied to the digital musik broadcasting system in

Urgensi Integrasi Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Instansi Pemerintah

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Ali Nasrun

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Undang-undang Republik Indonesia No. 17 Tahun 2003 mewajibkan Pengguna APBN (Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara untuk menyusun laporan keuangan sebagai bentuk pertanggungjawaban kepada publik. Laporan keuangan mempunyai peran penting untuk mengukur kinerja pemerintah, apakah terkendali sesuai landasan dan mencapai target-target yang telah ditetapkan dalam APBN, serta menjadi pendukung pengambilan keputusan. Diantara kualitas laporan keuangan yang harus dicapai adalah lengkap dan tepat waktu. Sistem informasi akuntansi yang berjalan pada pemerintah Republik Indonesia saat ini bersifat desentralisasi atau menyebar ke seluruh instansi dalam platform desktop application. Kondisi ini tentu menimbulkan kendala-kendala dalam mencapai kualitas laporan keuangan yang lengkap dan tepat waktu. Jumlah instansi penyelenggara akuntansi yang ribuan banyaknya dan tersebarnya lokasi geografis dengan dukungan fasilitas komunikasi yang tidak semuanya baik, telah cukup untuk menggambarkan kesulitan yang dihadapi. Integrasi sistem informasi adalah salah satu solusi yang dapat diambil. Pemerintah perlu segera membuat sistem informasi yang sebaran database dan aplikasinya sesedikit mungkin atau jika mungkin membuat single database dan aplikasi. Banyak teknologi yang bisa dijadikan pilihan, baik database engine maupun front end-nya. Diantara database engine adalah PostrgeSQL, MySQL, SQLServer, dan lain-lain.  Diantara front end yang berbasis web adalah PHP, ASP, JAVA, dan lain-lain.

Protective Effect of Vitamins E and C on Endosulfan-Induced Reproductive Toxicity in Male Rats

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Hussain Kargar

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Background: The role of oxidative stress in endosulfan-induced reproductive toxicity has been implicated. This study was performed to evaluate the possible protective effect of vitamins E and C, against endosulfan-induced reproductive toxicity in rats.Methods: Fifty adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=10 each. The groups included a control receiving vehicle, a group treated with endosulfan (10 mg/kg/day alone, and three endosulfan-treated group receiving vitamin C (20 mg/kg/day, vitamin E (200 mg/kg/day, or vitamine C+vitamin E at the same doses. After 10 days of treatment, sperm parameters, plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, plasma testosterone and malondialdehyde (MDA levels in the testis were determined. Results: Oral administration of endosulfan caused a reduction in the sperm motility, viability, daily sperm production (DSP and increased the number of sperm with abnormal chromatin condensation. Endosulfan administration increased testis MDA and plasma LDH. Supplementation of vitamin C and vitamin E to endosulfan-treated rats reduced the toxic effect of endosulfan on sperm parameters and lipid peroxidation in the testis. Vitamin E was more protective than vitamin C in reducing the adverse effects of the endosulfan.Conclusion: The findings data suggest that administration of vitamins C and E ameliorated the endosulfan-induced oxidative stress and sperm toxicity in rat. The effect of vitamin E in preventing endosulfan-induced sperm toxicity was superior to that of vitamin C.

Protective effect of vitamins e and C on endosulfan-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Takhshid, Mohammad Ali; Tavasuli, Ali Reza; Heidary, Yazdan; Keshavarz, Mojtaba; Kargar, Hussain

2012-09-01

The role of oxidative stress in endosulfan-induced reproductive toxicity has been implicated. This study was performed to evaluate the possible protective effect of vitamins E and C, against endosulfan-induced reproductive toxicity in rats. Fifty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=10 each). The groups included a control receiving vehicle, a group treated with endosulfan (10 mg/kg/day) alone, and three endosulfan-treated group receiving vitamin C (20 mg/kg/day), vitamin E (200 mg/kg/day), or vitamine C+vitamin E at the same doses. After 10 days of treatment, sperm parameters, plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), plasma testosterone and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the testis were determined. Oral administration of endosulfan caused a reduction in the sperm motility, viability, daily sperm production (DSP) and increased the number of sperm with abnormal chromatin condensation. Endosulfan administration increased testis MDA and plasma LDH. Supplementation of vitamin C and vitamin E to endosulfan-treated rats reduced the toxic effect of endosulfan on sperm parameters and lipid peroxidation in the testis. Vitamin E was more protective than vitamin C in reducing the adverse effects of the endosulfan. The findings data suggest that administration of vitamins C and E ameliorated the endosulfan-induced oxidative stress and sperm toxicity in rat. The effect of vitamin E in preventing endosulfan-induced sperm toxicity was superior to that of vitamin C.

Comparative proteomic analysis of 2-MCPD- and 3-MCPD-induced heart toxicity in the rat.

Science.gov (United States)

Schultrich, Katharina; Frenzel, Falko; Oberemm, Axel; Buhrke, Thorsten; Braeuning, Albert; Lampen, Alfonso

2017-09-01

The chlorinated propanols 2- and 3-monochloropropanediol (MCPD), and their fatty acid esters have gained public attention due to their frequent occurrence as heat-induced food contaminants. Toxic properties of 3-MCPD in kidney and testis have extensively been characterized. Other 3-MCPD target organs include heart and liver, while 2-MCPD toxicity has been observed in striated muscle, heart, kidney, and liver. Inhibition of glycolysis appears to be important in 3-MCPD toxicity, whereas mechanisms of 2-MCPD toxicity are still unknown. It is thus not clear whether toxicity by the two isomeric compounds is dependent on similar or dissimilar modes of action. A 28-day oral feeding study in rats was conducted using daily non-toxic doses of 2-MCPD or 3-MCPD [10 mg/kg body weight], or an equimolar (53 mg/kg body weight) or a lower (13.3 mg/kg body weight) dose of 2-MCPD dipalmitate. Comprehensive comparative proteomic analyses of substance-induced alterations in the common target organ heart revealed striking similarities between effects induced by 2-MCPD and its dipalmitate ester, whereas the degree of effect overlap between 2-MCPD and 3-MCPD was much less. The present data demonstrate that even if exerting effects in the same organ and targeting similar metabolic networks, profound differences between molecular effects of 2-MCPD and 3-MCPD exist thus warranting the necessity of separate risk assessment for the two substances. This study for the first time provides molecular insight into molecular details of 2-MCPD toxicity. Furthermore, for the first time, molecular data on 3-MCPD toxicity in the heart are presented.

Qualification of spontaneous undirected locomotor behavior of fish for sublethal toxicity testing. Part 2. Variability of measurement parameters under toxicant-induced stress

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Grillitsch, B.; Vogl, C.; Wytek, R.

1999-12-01

Spontaneous locomotor behavior of semiadult zebra fish (Brachydanio rerio) was recorded under sublethal short-term exposure to the anionic technical surfactant, linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (C{sub 10-13}-LAS) and cadmium in single compound tests using an automated video-monitoring and object-tracing system. Vertical position and swimming velocity in the horizontal and vertical directions were used as behavioral measurement parameters. Data were analyzed by different statistical methods. In pairwise comparisons, consistent, statistically significant, and toxicant-induced alterations of locomotor behavior were observed only for test concentrations, which also caused aspectoric symptoms of intoxication. This comparatively low sensitivity of the behavioral indication criteria was related to high variation in the measurement parameters and corresponding high, minimum detectable, statistically significant, and toxicant-induced deviations. In contrast, results obtained by regression analysis showed significant trends in locomotor activity over the range of toxicant concentrations tested. Thus, the findings support the inappropriateness of no observed effect concentrations and the lowest observed effect concentrations as summary measures of toxicity and indicate that the regression analysis approach is superior to the analysis of variance approach.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penentuan Program Acara Di KSTV Kediri Dengan Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy AHP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mufid Ali Fatoni

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Penentuan program acara pada suatu stasiun televisi merupakan denyut nadi dari penyiaran pertelevisian. Mekanisme semacam ini harus didukung dengan sistem pendukung keputusan yang bukan hanya mempermudah suatu pekerjaan, tetapi efektifitas dan efisiensinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat memberikan rekomendasi alternatif program acara sesuai dengan perbandingan kriteria dan alternatif yang telah dievaluasi dengan menggunakan metode Fuzzy AHP. Kriteria yang digunakan pada sistem meliputi biaya produksi, daya tarik, tema, segmentasi, profit, orientasi program, dan etika. Dengan adanya sistem pendukung keputusan ini akan mempermudah divisi program acara dalam menentukan program acara yang akan ditayangkan. Selain itu, sistem juga memberikan kemudahan bagi manager operasional dalam mengawasi acara-acara yang ada dalam proses broadcast KSTV.

Penerapan Kartu Elektronis Berbasis Near Field Communication (NFC Pada Sistem Keamanan Pintu Rumah Cerdas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Danny Kurnianto

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Berdasarkan data laporan Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS tahun 2015  bahwa angka kejadian tindak pencurian di Indonesia sampai tahun 2014 masih tergolong tinggi. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan hal ini adalah kurangnya penerapan sistem keamanan pintu elektronis di rumah-rumah penduduk. Penggunaan kartu elektronis berbasis Near Field Communication (NFC menjadi pilihan yang sesuai karena teknologi NFC memberikan jaminan keamanan yang lebih baik untuk teknologi yang sejenis dengan konsumsi daya yang rendah. Proses otentifikasi sistem keamanan pintu elektronis dilakukan dengan membaca kode unik dari kartu NFC Tag yang akan dicocokkan dengan kode unik kartu NFC di basis data sistem. Jika hasil otentifikasi telah benar, Arduino sebagai pusat pengendali akan mengaktifkan solenoid lock door sehingga pintu akan terbuka. Hasil pengujian sistem menunjukkan bahwa jarak pembacaan sesungguhnya dari kartu NFC Tag sebesar 7 cm dengan jangkauan sudut pembacaan antara 0o - 85o. Tingkat keberhasilan sistem dalam melakukan proses otentifikasi sebesar 100%.

SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT KEHAMILAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE DEMPSTER-SHAFER DAN DECISION TREE

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Joko Minardi

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Teori Dempster-Shafer adalah teori matematika bukti berdasarkan fungsi keyakinan dan penalaran yang masuk akal, yang digunakan untuk menggabungkan bagian yang terpisah dari informasi. Dempster- Shafer teori alternatif teori probabilistik tradisional untuk representasi matematis dari ketidakpastian. Dalam diagnosis penyakit informasi kehamilan yang diperoleh dari pasien kadang-kadang tidak lengkap, dengan metode dan sistem pakar Dempster-Shafer aturan bisa menjadi kombinasi dari gejala yang tidak lengkap untuk mendapatkan diagnosis yang tepat sedangkan pohon keputusan digunakan sebagai alat pendukung keputusan pelacakan referensi gejala penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah sistem pakar yang dapat melakukan diagnosis kehamilan menggunakan metode Dempster Shafer, yang dapat menghasilkan nilai kepercayaan untuk diagnosis penyakit. Berdasarkan hasil tes diagnostik Dempster-Shafer metode dan ahli sistem, akurasi yang dihasilkan dari 76%. Kata kunci: sistem ahli, penyakit kehamilan, dempster shafer.

Photo-induced toxicity in early life stage fiddler crab (Uca longisignalis) following exposure to Deepwater Horizon oil.

Science.gov (United States)

Damare, Leigh M; Bridges, Kristin N; Alloy, Matthew M; Curran, Thomas E; Soulen, Brianne K; Forth, Heather P; Lay, Claire R; Morris, Jeffrey M; Stoeckel, James A; Roberts, Aaron P

2018-05-01

The 2010 explosion of the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil rig led to the release of millions of barrels of oil in the Gulf of Mexico. Oil in aquatic ecosystems exerts toxicity through multiple mechanisms, including photo-induced toxicity following co-exposure with UV radiation. The timing and location of the spill coincided with both fiddler crab reproduction and peak yearly UV intensities, putting early life stage fiddler crabs at risk of injury due to photo-induced toxicity. The present study assessed sensitivity of fiddler crab larvae to photo-induced toxicity during co-exposure to a range of environmentally relevant dilutions of high-energy water accommodated fractions of DWH oil, and either dark recovery period (duration: 17-h) in between. Survival was significantly decreased in treatments the presence of >10% UV and relatively low concentrations of oil. Results of the present study indicate fiddler crab larvae are sensitive to photo-induced toxicity in the presence of DWH oil. These results are of concern, as fiddler crabs play an important role as ecosystem engineers, modulating sediment biogeochemical processes via burrowing action. Furthermore, they occupy an important place in the food web in the Gulf of Mexico.

The role of PGC-1α and MRP1 in lead-induced mitochondrial toxicity in testicular Sertoli cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Zhen; Liu, Xi; Wang, Lu; Wang, Yan; Du, Chuang; Xu, Siyuan; Zhang, Yucheng; Wang, Chunhong; Yang, Chengfeng

2016-01-01

The lead-induced toxic effect on mitochondria in Sertoli cells is not well studied and the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Here we reported the potential role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) in lead acetate-induced mitochondrial toxicity in mouse testicular Sertoli cells TM4 line. We found that lead acetate treatment significantly reduced the expression level of PGC-1α, but increased the level of MRP1 in mitochondria of TM4 cells. To determine the role of PGC-1α and MRP1 in lead acetate-induced mitochondrial toxicity, we then generated PGC-1α stable overexpression and MRP1 stable knockdown TM4 cells, respectively. The lead acetate treatment caused TM4 cell mitochondrial ultrastructure damages, a decrease in ATP synthesis, an increase in ROS levels, and apoptotic cell death. In contrast, stably overexpressing PGC-1α significantly ameliorated the lead acetate treatment-caused mitochondrial toxicity and apoptosis. Moreover, it was also found that stably knocking down the level of MRP1 increased the TM4 cell mitochondrial lead-accumulation by 4–6 folds. Together, the findings from this study suggest that PGC-1α and MRP1 plays important roles in protecting TM4 cells against lead-induced mitochondrial toxicity, providing a better understanding of lead-induced mitochondrial toxicity.

Determination of methylmercury in cryptogams by means of GC-AFS using enzymatic hydrolysis

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Coufalík, Pavel; Meszarosová, N.; Coufalíková, K.; Zvěřina, O.; Komárek, J.

2018-01-01

Roč. 140 (2018), s. 8-13 ISSN 0026-265X Institutional support: RVO:68081715 Keywords : methylmercury * cryptogam * GC-AFS Subject RIV: CB - Analytical Chemistry, Separation OBOR OECD: Analytical chemistry Impact factor: 3.034, year: 2016

SISTEM INFORMASI UJIAN BERBASIS WEB SERVER SMK BINA ISLAM MANDIRI (BISMA KERSANA BREBES TEGAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Rifqi Tsani

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Seiring dengan berkembangnya kemajuan teknologi informasi, mungkin akan sangat terbantu dengan adanya internet. Dengan internet, kita akan mudah menghadirkan layanan yang dapat diakses dari manapun dan kapanpun di dunia ini. Saat ini hampir setiap orang melakukan pengaksesan informasi, salah satunya dengan situs website. SMK BISMA Kersana merupakan sekolah swasta yang cukup terkenal di daerah Kersana. Dalam tiap tahunnya selalu mengalami kesulitan dalam menyajikan soal-soal yang akan diberikan kepada murid-muridnya. Begitu juga dalam melakukan sistem pengolahan nilai, pada SMK BISMA Kersana masih begitu sederhana sehingga memerlukan waktu yang lama. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, maka diperlukan suatu sistem yang terkomputerisasi untuk mendukung kemajuan dan perkembangan sekolah tersebut. Maka dirancanglah sistem ujian online dan penilaian siswa berbasis web server. Dimana para guru langsung mengolah soal-soal ujian siswa. Begitu juga para siswa setelah melakukan ujian akan bisa langsung melihat hasil ujiannya. Dalam pembuatan sistem informasi ujian berbasis web server ini metode perancangan yang digunakan adalah ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development or Production, Implementation or Delivery and Evaluations. Dengan menggunakan sistem informasi berbasis web server ini dapat membantu guru dalam memberikan nilai pada anak didiknya yang telah melaksanakn ujian di karenakan sistem ini langsung memberikan hasil berupa nilai ujian setelah siswa melaksanakan ujian.

Evaluasi Indeks Keandalan Sistem Jaringan Distribusi 20 KV di Surabaya Menggunakan Loop Restoration Scheme

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Gheschik Safiur Rahmat

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Saat ini keandalan sistem distribusi tenaga listrik merupakan hal yang sangat penting terhadap penyaluran listrik ke konsumen, terutama pada kontinyuitas pelayanan daya. Pada Tugas Akhir ini untuk mengevaluasi indeks keandalan sistem distribusi 20 KV di Surabaya yaitu dengan menggunakan Loop Restoration Scheme (LRS yang mana merupakan sebuah metode untuk pengontrolan sistem distribusi pada feeder untuk meningkatkan keandalan. Dengan menerapkan konfigurasi dari LRS maka akan didapatkan nilai Indeks Keandalan yang dihasilkan ketika terjadi gangguan pada sebuah sistem distribusi, dengan ditunjang data-data pada setiap feeder, maka data tersebut akan diolah dan simulasikan untuk mengetahui keandalan dari sebuah sistem distribusi tersebut setelah diterapkannya LRS. Berdasarkan hasil analisa dari penerapan Loop Restoration Scheme pada sistem distribusi ini didapatkan perbaikan nilai indeks keandalan, yaitu pada saat kondisi normal konfigurasi PLN pada simulasikan didapatkan SAIFI sebesar 4.7721 (f/cost.year, SAIDI sebesar 12.078 (h/cost.year dan CAIDI sebesar 2.531(h/cost.interruption, sedangkan setelah diterapkankonfigurasi Loop Restoration Scheme (LRSdidapatkan SAIFI sebesar0.4797 (f/cost.year, SAIDIsebesar2.1401 (h/cost.year, danCAIDI sebesar4.461 (h/cost.interruption. Jika melihat dari hasil kedua simulasi yang telah dilakukan terlihat adanya perbedaan yang cukup signifikan, hal ini dikarenakan pada konfigurasi LRS dilakukan penambahan Sectional Switch dan Automatic Recloser pada setiap penyulang.

Hydroxycut-induced Liver Toxicity

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hanumantp

Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research | Jan-Feb 2014 | Vol 4 ... supplements can be responsible for documented or undocumented adverse drug effects. The ... Keywords: Hydroxycut, Liver toxicity, Nutritional supplements ... Caffeine anhydrous: 200 mg* ... series and review of liver toxicity from herbal weight loss.

Penerapan Sistem Remunerasi dan Kinerja Pelayanan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tri Wisesa Soetisna

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Remunerasi dapat memengaruhi motivasi pegawai sekaligus meningkatkan kinerjanya. Demikian halnya di rumah sakit sebagai institusi pelayanan kesehatan yang padat modal, sumber daya manusia serta padat ilmu dan teknologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persepsi pegawai terhadap implementasi sistem remunerasi dan kinerja unit pelayanan bedah jantung dewasa (UPBJD di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mixed methods (kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Desain penelitian kuantitatif adalah potong lintang menggunakan instrumen kuesioner self-assessment. Sedangkan desain penelitian kualitatif adalah deskriptif, dilakukan melalui focus group discussion dan telaah dokumen pada data berupa buku jadwal, buku registrasi, catatan keperawatan, dan rekam medis. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada tahun 2013 di salah satu rumah sakit di Jakarta. Responden/informan adalah staf medis fungsional, perawat, dan petugas administrasi berjumlah 29 orang. Data dianalisis secara univariat (metode kuantitatif, dan content analysis (metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar staf medis fungsional dan perawat tidak puas (71,2% dengan beberapa hal dalam penerapan sistem remunerasi, seperti pada sistem penggajian dan penentuan grading. Terlihat kinerja unit pelayanan bedah jantung dewasa mengalami kenaikan setiap tahun sebelum dan setelah penerapan sistem remunerasi. Diharapkan agar rumah sakit ini dapat memperbaiki sistem remunerasi yang sesuai ketentuan kebijakan dan menyusun formulasi insentif dan bonus yang lebih sesuai dengan kondisi saat ini serta perlu dilakukan sosialisasi yang tepat dan evaluasi secara berkala. Implementation of Remuneration System and Service Performance Remuneration can influence worker`s motivation, and improve their performance. Likewise in hospital as capital-intensive, human resources-intensive as well as knowledge and technology-intensive health care institution. This study aimed to analyze employee�

Sensitivity of continuous performance test (CPT) at age 14years to developmental methylmercury exposure

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Julvez, Jordi; Debes, Frodi; Weihe, Pal

2010-01-01

Hit Reaction Time latencies (HRT) in the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) measure the speed of visual information processing. The latencies may involve different neuropsychological functions depending on the time from test initiation, i.e., first orientation, learning and habituation, then cogni......Hit Reaction Time latencies (HRT) in the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) measure the speed of visual information processing. The latencies may involve different neuropsychological functions depending on the time from test initiation, i.e., first orientation, learning and habituation......, then cognitive processing and focused attention, and finally sustained attention as the dominant demand. Prenatal methylmercury exposure is associated with increased reaction time (RT) latencies. We therefore examined the association of methylmercury exposure with the average HRT at age 14years at three...

Perancangan Sistem Informasi SMA Negeri 1 Babalan Dengan Menggunakan Pemrograman PHP Dan MySQL

OpenAIRE

Yulita, Devi

2014-01-01

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membangun suatu sistem informasi pada SMA Negeri 1 Babalan. Sistem ini dikembangkan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak PHP, MySQL, Apache, dan Mozilla Firefox juga software pembantu lainnya seperti Adobe Dreamweaver CS5. Tujuan dari sistem informasi ini adalah untuk menyajikan informasi profil sekolah, visi, misi dan tujuan, daftar siswa, daftar guru. Merancang sebuah website untuk membantu siswa dalam memperoleh informasi SMA Negeri 1 Babalan dan website ini dapat...

Methylmercury and brain development: imprecision and underestimation of developmental neurotoxicity in humans

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Grandjean, Philippe; Herz, Katherine T

2011-01-01

Methylmercury is now recognized as an important developmental neurotoxicant, though this insight developed slowly over many decades. Developmental neurotoxicity was first reported in a Swedish case report in 1952, and from a serious outbreak in Minamata, Japan, a few years later. Whereas the infant...

Male cerebral palsy hospitalization as a potential indicator of neurological effects of methylmercury exposure in Great Lakes communities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gilbertson, Michael

2004-01-01

Perinatal exposure to methylmercury is known to result in severe neurological effects on the developing fetus and infant, including cerebral palsy, mental retardation, and seizures. Males are more susceptible than females to neurological damage from perinatal methylmercury exposures. Preliminary analyses of data and statistics for the hospitalization rates of males for cerebral palsy in the 17 Canadian Areas of Concern in the Great Lakes basin indicate a possible geographic association with locations with elevated mercury from natural or industrial sources

Clasificación sistemática y alfabética

OpenAIRE

Biblioteca Universitaria. Unidad de Proceso Técnico

2011-01-01

Establecer los pasos a seguir para incorporar en el registro bibliográfico del catálogo los puntos de acceso normalizados referentes a la indización alfabética y a la clasificación sistemática, con el fin de facilitar la recuperación de la información por materias y de realizar una ordenación sistemática de los documentos según su clase o tema.

Sistem Navigasi Indoor Menggunakan Sinyal Wi-Fi dan Kompas Digital Berbasis Integrasi dengan Smartphone untuk Studi Kasus pada Gedung Bertingkat

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alifa Ridho Musthafa

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Sistem navigasi menggunakan teknologi GPS saat ini sudah sangat maju ketika digunakan di luar ruangan. Namun, sistem tersebut masih kurang akurat ketika digunakan di dalam ruangan. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena GPS tidak bekerja dengan baik ketika berada di dalam ruangan. Di sisi lain, sudah ada sistem yang dapat menggantikan GPS untuk studi kasus di dalam ruangan, salah satunya yaitu sistem indoor localization berbasis Wi-fi. Memanfaatkan sistem indoor localization berbasis Wi-fi, dibuatlah sistem navigasi yang dapat digunakan di dalam ruangan. Sistem indoor localization digunakan untuk menentukan posisi pengguna. Setelah posisi pengguna diketahui, rute terbaik menuju tujuan pengguna ditentukan dengan bantuan algoritma A* dan kompas digital digunakan untuk menentukan arah kemana pengguna harus pergi. Studi kasus ini dilakukan di kampus Teknik Informatika ITS. Sistem indoor localization yang digunakan untuk menggantikan fungsi GPS dalam menentukan posisi mampu menghasilkan presentase rata-rata akurasi pendeteksian lokasi sebesar 88,953%. Sedangkan untuk uji coba pencarian rute, sistem indoor navigation dapat memberikan rute terpendek pada semua kasus percobaan.

Influence of intensive fishing on the partitioning of mercury and methylmercury in three lakes of Northern Quebec

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Surette, Celine [COMERN, Universite du Quebec a Montreal, c.p. 8888, succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3P8 (Canada)]. E-mail: surettc@umoncton.ca; Lucotte, Marc [COMERN, Universite du Quebec a Montreal, c.p. 8888, succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3P8 (Canada); Tremblay, A. [Environment Unit, Dams and Environment Direction, Hydro-Quebec Production 75 Rene-Levesque West, 10th floor, Montreal, Quebec, H2Z 1A4 (Canada)

2006-09-01

It has been demonstrated that intensive fishing, i.e., removing more than 25% of the fish biomass, can reduce mercury levels in predator fish in a lake. We test here the hypothesis that, by removing an important part of the fish biomass from a lake, a significant amount of methylmercury can be eliminated, therefore reducing the mercury available to the remaining biota, at least in the short term. A mass burden approach is used to evaluate the partitioning of total mercury and methylmercury in natural lake ecosystems. Three small natural lakes from the James Bay territory, in northern Quebec, Canada, were selected for intensive fishing. Mercury (Hg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations were evaluated for sediments, water column (dissolved fraction and suspended particulate matter), plankton, aquatic invertebrates, and fish. Biomasses were determined for fish, plankton, and aquatic invertebrates. Two case scenarios are presented using different mercury contributions from the sediment component (1 cm depth, and no sediment). Our results for the scenario including the sediment contribution show that lake sediments represent over 98% of the total mercury while the biotic components represent less than 0.1% of the same burden. For methylmercury, fish account for up to 5% of the burden, while sediments make up 84.6% to 93.1%. If we put aside the sediment contribution, the methylmercury in fish partitioning can represent up to 48%. As for invertebrates, they can account for up to 48% of the total MeHg burden. We do not observe any change in the partitionings or the quantities of Hg and MeHg before and after fishing in either of the two case scenarios even when we do not take into account dynamics of the ecosystems. This will be all the more the case when the dynamics of the system are included in the analyses. Therefore, biological parameters such as growth rates or fish diet must be considered.

Influence of intensive fishing on the partitioning of mercury and methylmercury in three lakes of Northern Quebec

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Surette, Celine; Lucotte, Marc; Tremblay, A.

2006-01-01

It has been demonstrated that intensive fishing, i.e., removing more than 25% of the fish biomass, can reduce mercury levels in predator fish in a lake. We test here the hypothesis that, by removing an important part of the fish biomass from a lake, a significant amount of methylmercury can be eliminated, therefore reducing the mercury available to the remaining biota, at least in the short term. A mass burden approach is used to evaluate the partitioning of total mercury and methylmercury in natural lake ecosystems. Three small natural lakes from the James Bay territory, in northern Quebec, Canada, were selected for intensive fishing. Mercury (Hg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations were evaluated for sediments, water column (dissolved fraction and suspended particulate matter), plankton, aquatic invertebrates, and fish. Biomasses were determined for fish, plankton, and aquatic invertebrates. Two case scenarios are presented using different mercury contributions from the sediment component (1 cm depth, and no sediment). Our results for the scenario including the sediment contribution show that lake sediments represent over 98% of the total mercury while the biotic components represent less than 0.1% of the same burden. For methylmercury, fish account for up to 5% of the burden, while sediments make up 84.6% to 93.1%. If we put aside the sediment contribution, the methylmercury in fish partitioning can represent up to 48%. As for invertebrates, they can account for up to 48% of the total MeHg burden. We do not observe any change in the partitionings or the quantities of Hg and MeHg before and after fishing in either of the two case scenarios even when we do not take into account dynamics of the ecosystems. This will be all the more the case when the dynamics of the system are included in the analyses. Therefore, biological parameters such as growth rates or fish diet must be considered

PERANCANGAN SISTEM PEMBAYARAN BEROBAT PASIEN DIPUSKESMAS RAWAT INAP KEDATON BANDAR LAMPUNG

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mira Febriana Sesunan

2014-09-01

kebutuhan informasi. Semakin bertambah majunya teknologi,maka dibutuhkan suatu perangkat, baik perangkat lunak (software maupunperangkat keras (hardware yang dapat menunjang aktifitas kerja. Setiap bidang usaha kini selalu melakukan transaksi, apalagi bidang-bidang yang selalu melakukan transaksi dalam jumlah besar seperti rumah sakit atau departement store atau bidang usaha yang transaksinya berbentuk abstrak seperti usaha warung internet atau warung game online, dan disinilah sistem pembayaran bekerja. Bagi usahawan di bidang rumah sakit sistem pembayaran digunakan untuk mencatat proses pelayanan, mulai pasien datang sampai dengan pasien pulang. Menghitung biaya yang harus dibayar pasien secara otomatis, serta memberikan informasi sebagai analisa pengambilan keputusan secara cepat dan akurat. Puskesmas adalah pusat kesehataan masyarakat yang merupakan salahsatu sarana penting. Puskesmas ini membutuhkan keberadaan sistem agar dapat memperlancar pendaftaran dan transaksi kesehatan masyarakat yangcepat dan akurat, dimana sistem yang terdahulu masih menggunakan catatanbuku, seperti mencatat data pasien dan transaksi pembayaran sehingga padawaktu membuat laporan banyak buku yang digunakan. Metode yang diterapkan pada perancangan sistem ini adalah lebih kepada metode dengantahapan yang dimulai dari perencanaan, analisa, perancangan dan pada akhirnya akan diimplementasikan berbasis web. Sistem yang dibuat olehpenulis adalah sistem yang memudahkan dalam menginputkan data pasien danpenghitungan transaksi, serta pembutan laporan karena sistem yang digunakansudah terkomputerisasi.Perancangan sistem pembayaran periksa pasien ini dapat mempermudah proses memasukan data pasien, poli, obat dan transaksi, Membantu kinerja karyawan dalam menghitung biaya pasien dan membuat laporan dan Dapat mempermudah transaksi pembayaran berobat pasien dan pembuatan laporan oleh karyawan puskesmas. Kata Kunci : perancangan, sistem, pembayaran, berobat, puskesmas

PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI APOTEK BERBASIS WEBSITE PADA APOTEK AR-ROZ FARMA 4 KEDONDONG

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Rita Irviani

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Teknologi Informasi terus berkembang pesat seiring dengan kemampuan komputer memberi solusi bagi permasalahan diberbagi bidang tidak terkecuali bidang kesehatan. Salah satu contoh perkembangan teknologi informasi yaitu adanya sistem informasi yang membuat proses pengolahan data penjualan obat pada apotek menjadi lebih efektif dan efisien. Pada apotek Ar-roz Farma 4 Kedondong, penulis memperhatikan proses pengolahan data penjualan obat publikasi informasi masih dilakukan secara konvensional sehingga sering mengalami masalah pada ketepatan perhitungan, transaksi lambat dan terhambatnya akses informasi. Solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut salah satunya dengan membangun sistem informasi apotek berbasis web. Hasil penelitian ini berupa sebuah sistem informasi penjualan berbasis web dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan database MySql. Sistem tersebut diharapkan dapat mempermudah dan mempercepat proses pelayanan transaksi penjualan dan kemudahan akses informasi yang tentunya akan membuat konsumen merasa sangat puas dengan pelayanan yang diberikan.

Pengaruh Sistem Tanam Benih Langsung (TABELA, SRI (System of Rice Intensification dan Konvensional terhadap Gulma dan Hasil Padi (Oryza sativa L.

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dessy sarfika

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Produksi padi pada tahun  2014 menurun dari tahun sebelumnya, tahun 2013 produksi padi mencapai 71.279.709 ton, sedangkan pada tahun 2014 produksi padi hanya mencapai 70.846.465 ton. Penurunan produksi padi dapat disebabkan oleh sistem tanam tanaman padi yang digunakan petani. Di Indonesia telah dikenal beberapa sistem tanam padi yaitu padi dengan sistem tanam benih langsung (tabela, SRI (System of Rice Intentification dan sistem konvensional. SRI termasuk dalam sistem tanam pindah (tapin bibit yang menggunakan sistem pengairan berselang namun berbeda dengan sistem tapin konvensional yang menggunakan sistem pengairan penggenangan pada lahan atau media tanam. Sistem tanam benih langsung dilakukan dengan cara menyemai benih ke lahan dengan kondisi air pada lahan macak-macak. Kondisi pengairan pada masing-masing sistem tanam yang berbeda menyebabkan adanya OPT. Salah satu OPT yang keberadaannya dipengaruhi  oleh sistem tanam yaitu gulma. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada media pot menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Dari hasil penelitian semua perlakuan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, perlakuan sistem tanam konvensional dengan umur bibit 16 hari merupakan perlakuan yang terbaik dikarenakan populasi gulma yang rendah serta jumlah anakan, jumlah, malai, panjang malai, jumlah bulir per malai dan berat gabah tanaman padi memiliki rerata yang tertinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan yang lain. Kata Kunci : Sistem tanam, gulma, hasil padi

Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Variasi Kecepatan Putar Kompresor Dan Beban Pendinginan Pada Sistem Refrigerasi Cascade

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Ilman Ilman

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Peningkatan kebutuhan energi masyarakat mendorong manusia untuk terus meningkatkan kualitas sistem maupun proses yang lebih baik dan hemat energi. Salah satu hasil perkembangan teknologi di zaman sekarang Adalah Sistem Refrigerasi Cascade yang mampu mecapai temperatur jauh di bawah 0 . Salah satu aplikasi sistem tersebut adalah sebagai cold storage yang mampu bekerja dengan beban yang berbeda-beda. Hal tersebut menyebabkan adanya pengaruh beban terhadap sistem. Selain itu, kecepatan putar kompresor yang berbeda menjadi salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi performa sistem, sehingga dilakukan penelitian untuk meningkatkan performa sistem refrigersi cascade dengan memvariasikan kecepatan putar kompresor dan beban pendinginan, sehingga didapatkan kecepatan putar yang sesuai dengan besar beban pendinginan yang diterima oleh sistem cascade. Pengujian Sisem Refrigerasi Cadcase ini menggunakan refrigeran Musicool-22 pada High Stage dan R-407F pada Low Stage, dengan 8 titik pengukuran temperatur dan tekanan. Saat pengukuran dilakukan, sistem diberikan beban pendinginan berupa kalor yang dihasilkan oleh electric heater. Dimana beban tersebut terpasang di dalam kabin sehingga kalor yang dihasilkan oleh electric heater dapat diserap oleh evaporator Low Stage. Beban yang divariasikan dari electric heater tersebut adalah 0 (tanpa beban, 28,8; 86,4; dan 158,4 Watt. Selain itu, frekuensi listrik yang masuk ke kompresor juga divariasikan. Besar frekuensi yang divariasikan yaitu 30, 35,40,45, dan 50 Hz. Pengukuran dan pengambilan data dilakukan sebanyak 5 kali. Hasil yang didapatkan dari eksperimen ini yaitu kecepatan putar yang paling sesuai dengan beban yang diberikan terhadap sistem cascade. Pada beban 0 Watt kecepatan putar yang sesuai adalah 1800 rpm dengan COP sebesar 1,397, temperature kabin senilai -31,12 oC dan daya yang dibutuhkan 0,554 kW.  Pada beban 28,8 Watt kecepatan putar yang sesuai adalah 1800 rpm dengan COP sebesar 1,405, temperature kabin

Development and utilization of extracorporeal regional complexing hemodialysis as a means of mobilizing and enhancing the excretion of methylmercury in the dog. [N-acetylcysteine; N-acetylpenicillamine; 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kostyniak, P.J.

1975-01-01

The present investigation was directed at developing and testing a new procedure for increasing methylmercury excretion in the dog. The procedure utilizes hemodialysis in conjunction with the extracorporeal reversal of protein binding of methylmercury in blood by the presence of low molecular weight sulfhydryl containing complexing agents (cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, penicillamine, N-acetylpenicillamine, 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid) having a high chemical affinity for methylmercury. Using such a procedure, the complexed methylmercury and the free complexing agent were found to be readily removed from blood by the dialyzer. Unlike chelation therapy, this procedure does not rely on the attainment of high systemic concentrations of complexing agent in order to attain enhanced excretion by normal routes. It rather introduces into the circulatory system a shunt designed specifically for methylmercury extraction from blood. In vitro testing of this procedure revealed that methylmercury removal from blood was dependent upon the concentration of complexing agent in blood and the dialyzer blood flow rate. In vivo testing of the procedure in the dog utilized a standard hemodialyzer with infusion of complexing agent into the arterial dialyzer blood line. The rate of methylmercury removal from the dog during the treatment procedures were as high as 400 times the excretion rate of mercury in untreated dogs.

PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI DAN MODERNISASI SISTEM ADMINISTRASI PERPAJAKAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI

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Titik Aryati

2016-12-01

Keywords: the utilization of technology; modernization of tax administration system; personal taxpayers compliance. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pemanfaatan teknologi dan modernisasi sistem administrasi perpajakan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak pribadi. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah sistem administrasi perpajakan modern, peraturan pemerintah yang mendukung pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, modernisasi struktur organisasi, modernisasi strategi organisasi, peningkatan sumber daya manusia, good governance, dan whistleblowing system, sedangkan variabel dependennya adalah kepatuhan wajib pajak pribadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer, dengan memberikan kuesioner kepada responden secara online kepada Wajib Pajak orang pribadi dan diisi oleh 180 responden. Metode pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode convenience sampling. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Secara parsial, hasil analisis dan hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa variabel sistem administrasi perpajakan modern, modernisasi strategi organisasi, tata pemerintahan yang baik dan sistem whistleblowing berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak pribadi, sedangkan variabel lainnya adalah: peraturan pemerintah, modernisasi struktur organisasi, dan Juga peningkatan sumber daya manusia tidak berdampak terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak pribadi. Kata Kunci: Pemanfaatan teknolog;  modernisasi sistem administrasi perpajakan; Kepatuhan wajib pajak pribadi.

Sistem Pembayaran Parkir Menggunakan NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION Berbasis ANDROID dan Teknologi INTERNET OF THINGS

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Dody Ichwana

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Intisari— Paper ini menjelaskan rancang bangun sistem pembayaran parkir menggunakan NFC (Near Field Communication dan GPS (Global Position System untuk menciptakan metode pembayaran parkir yang lebih cerdas. Kontribusi yang diberikan dari hasil penelitian adalah menerapkan konsep pervasive computing dan Internet of Things (IoT di dalam pembangunan sistem parkir, sehingga pengguna menjadi lebih nyaman untuk memarkirkan kendaraan mereka. Lokasi parkir dipasang wifi dan nama SSID yang unik.  Sistem akan  melakukan sensing kepada pengguna yang memasuki lokasi parker menggunakan IMEI. Pembayaran parkir menggunakan aplikasi pada smartphone dengan NFC Enable dengan cara didekatkan pada NFC reader pada sistem. Pengguna melakukan tap pada smartphone dengan NFC Enable ke NFC reader untuk melakukan proses inisialisasi awal parkir kendaraan yang akan mencatat ID pengguna, date, dan saldo virtual money. Aplikasi pada smartphone akan mencatat koordinat lokasi parkir kendaraan sesuai lokasi parkir yang dipilih oleh pengguna. Selanjutnya, aplikasi akan membantu pengguna menemukan lokasi kendaraan ketika penguuna terlupa. Sistem pembayaran parkir pada penelitian ini telah berhasil dibangun dengan menghindari penggunaan kertas untuk tiket sehingga akan lebih memudahkan pengguna dan lebih ramah lingkungan.

PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN LABORATORIUM TEKNIK MEKANIK OTOMOTIF PADA SMK BERBASIS DATABASE MICROSOFT ACCESS

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Taufik Didik Setiawan

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Activities in laboratory require regular and organized administration, so the laboratory can be arranged and functioned in an optimal manner. Administrative services system in Automotive Mechanical Engineering Laboratory at SMK consisted of the equipment loaning, supplying, inventory, and maintenance sector is still using an old system causing hindered activities in the laboratory. Developed MIS Labora­tory is a means to make use of the computer optimally at SMK. Therefore so, adminis­trative services system becomes faster and supports decision making processes. Kegiatan dalam laboratorium membutuhkan administrasi yang reguler dan terorganisasi sehingga laboratorium diatur dan difungsikan secara optimal. Sistem layanan administratif pada Laboratorium Teknik Mekanik Otomotif di SMK meliputi peminjaman peralatan, penyediaan alat dan bahan, inventori, dan layanan perawatan masih menggunakan sistem lama yang mengakibatkan hambatan pada aktivitas di laboratorium. Sistem manajemen informasi laboratorium yang dikembang­kan sebagai alat bantu layanan administrasi yang mengoptimalkan penggunaan komputer di SMK. Dengan demikian sistem layanan administrasi dapat berjalan lebih cepat dan men­dukung sistem pengambilan keputusan.

RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI MONITORING DAN REKAM DATA SISTEM PENGENALAN SISTEM ISYARAT BAHASA INDONESIA BERBASIS SENSOR

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Mohammad Iqbal

2014-11-01

Full Text Available ABSTRAK Dalam penelitian ini dikembangkan pengenalan sistem isyarat bahasa Indonesia (SIBI berbasis sensor yang diharapkan dapat memperbaiki akurasi, yaitu dengan menggunakan sensor flex untuk gerakan lekukan jari, dan menggunakan sensor accelerometer-gyroscope untuk mengetahui kemiringan/orientasi tangan. Untuk mendapatkan ekstraksi ciri dan metode pengenalan yang optimal, maka diperlukan uji coba dan analisis terhadap perbandingan ekstraksi ciri dan metode pengenalan, sehingga dapat ditentukan yang terbaik. Dalam uji coba dan analisis tersebut, maka diperlukan sampel data offline atau data yang sudah disimpan/direkam sebelumnya, sehingga diperlukan aplikasi untuk dapat merekam data (recording dan memonitoring data dari sensor-sensor yang dipasang pada sarung tangan. Dengan adanya data-data sensor tersebut, maka proses pemilihan ekstraksi ciri dan metode pengenalan yang optimal dapat dilakukan secara offline, menggunakan perangkat lunak komputasi. Capaian dapam Penelitian ini, adalah telah berhasil dikembangkan program aplikasi monitoring dan rekam data untuk sistem pengenalan SIBI. Data sensor yang dimonitoring dan direkam adalah data raw, sehingga perlu dilakukan pengolahan data untuk proses ekstraksi ciri sebelum diujicobakan pada metode pengenalan tertentu Kata kunci: SIBI, bahasa isyarat, sensor, flex, acclerometer, gyroscope, monitoring, recording.

OPTIMALISASI PELAKSANAAN KURIKULUM SISTEM MAYOR-MINOR PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN SARJANA INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR

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Sutoro Sutoro

2016-09-01

Full Text Available This study aims to 1 evaluate the implementation of major-minor curriculum system in IPB Undergraduate Program, 2 identify factors leading to less optimized implementation of the major-minor curriculum system in IPB Undergraduate Program and 3 design strategies to optimize the implementation of the major-minor curriculum system in IPB Undergraduate Program. Analytical Hierarchy Process was utilized as the method of study. The results showed that the implementation of the major-minor curriculum system in IPB Undergraduate Program is still considered to be less optimal. Factors influencing the implementation of the major-minor curriculum system in IPB Undergraduate Program, according to its priority, include: 1 the availability of competent and committed teaching staffs, 2 the availability of adequate lecturing facilities and infrastructure, 3 the availability of lecture schedule to accommodate students who choose minor curriculum, and 4 the availability of reliable and IT-based Academic Information System (SIMAK. Strategies to optimize the implementation of major-minor curriculum system in IPB Undergraduate Program, according to its priority, include; 1 improving the competence and commitment of teaching and educational staffs, 2 increasing the commitment of departments and faculties to facilitate the fulfillment of minor  curriculum schedules, 3 providing adequate facilities and infrastructure to implement the major and minor curriculum system, and 4 providing lecture schedules that can accommodate the needs of students who choose minor curriculum.Keywords: analytical hierarchy process, optimization, major-minor curriculum systemABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan 1 mengevaluasi pelaksanaan kurikulum sistem mayor-minor pada Program Pendidikan Sarjana IPB, 2 mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kurang optimalnya pelaksanaan kurikulum sistem mayor-minor pada Program Pendidikan Sarjana IPB dan 3 merancang strategi untuk mengoptimalkan

Bosutinib induced pleural effusions: Case report and review of tyrosine kinase inhibitors induced pulmonary toxicity

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Natalia I. Moguillansky, MD

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are known to cause pulmonary complications. We report a case of bosutinib related bilateral pleural effusions in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia. Characteristics of the pleural fluid are presented. We also discuss other tyrosine kinase inhibitors induced pulmonary toxicities, including pulmonary hypertension and interstitial lung disease.

PENGGUNAAN KONEKSI CORBA DENGAN PEMROGRAMAN MIDAS MULTI-TIER APPLICATION DALAM SISTEM RESERVASI HOTEL

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Irwan Kristanto Julistiono

2001-01-01

Full Text Available This paper is made from a multi-tier system using corba technology for hotel reservation program for web browser and also client program. Client software is connected to application server with Corba Connection and client and application server connect to SQL server 7.0. via ODBC. The are 2 types of client: web client and delphi client. In making web browser client application, we use delphi activex from technology, in where in this system made like making the regular form, but it has shortage in integration with html language. Multi-pier application using corba system generally has another profit beside it could be developed, this system also stake with multi system database server, multi middle servers and multi client in which with these things all the system can system can be integrated. The weakness of this system is the complicated corba system, so it will be difficult to understand, while for multi-tier it self need a particular procedure to determine which server chossed by the client. Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia : Pada makalah ini dibuat suatu sistem multi-tier yang menggunakan teknologi CORBA untuk program reservasi hotel baik dengan web browser maupun program client. Perangkat lunak yang dipakai sebagai database server adalah SQL server 7.0. Program Client Delphi melalui Corba Connection akan dihubungkan ke Aplikasi server. Dan melalui ODBC Aplikasi Server akan dihubungkan ke SQL Server 7.0. Ada dua buah aplikasi client yaitu yang menggunakan lokal network dan yang menggunakan global network/web browser. Pada pembuatan aplikasi client untuk web browser. Digunakan teknologi activex form pada delphi dimana sistem ini dibuat seperti membuat form biasa, hanya saja memiliki kekurangan pada integrasi dengan bahasa html. Penggunaan sistem multi-tier dengan Corba ini secara umum memiliki keuntungan selain dapat dikembangkan lebih lanjut juga sistem ini dirancang dengan sistem multi database server, multi midle server, dan multi client dimana

The plant decapeptide OSIP108 prevents copper-induced toxicity in various models for Wilson disease

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Spincemaille, Pieter [Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Heverlee (Belgium); Pham, Duc-Hung [Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, O and N2, 3000 Leuven (Belgium); Chandhok, Gursimran [Clinic for Transplantation Medicine, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A14, D-48149 Münster (Germany); Verbeek, Jef [Department of Hepatology and Metabolic Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven (Belgium); Zibert, Andree [Clinic for Transplantation Medicine, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A14, D-48149 Münster (Germany); Libbrecht, Louis [Department of Hepatology and Metabolic Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven (Belgium); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Ghent, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent (Belgium); Schmidt, Hartmut [Clinic for Transplantation Medicine, Münster University Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Building A14, D-48149 Münster (Germany); Esguerra, Camila V.; Witte, Peter A.M. de [Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, O and N2, 3000 Leuven (Belgium); Cammue, Bruno P.A., E-mail: bruno.cammue@biw.kuleuven.be [Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Heverlee (Belgium); Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent (Belgium); Cassiman, David [Department of Hepatology and Metabolic Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven (Belgium); Thevissen, Karin [Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Heverlee (Belgium)

2014-10-15

Background: Wilson disease (WD) is caused by accumulation of excess copper (Cu) due to a mutation in the gene encoding the liver Cu transporter ATP7B, and is characterized by acute liver failure or cirrhosis and neuronal cell death. We investigated the effect of OSIP108, a plant derived decapeptide that prevents Cu-induced apoptosis in yeast and human cells, on Cu-induced toxicity in various mammalian in vitro models relevant for WD and in a Cu-toxicity zebrafish larvae model applicable to WD. Methods: The effect of OSIP108 was evaluated on viability of various cell lines in the presence of excess Cu, on liver morphology of a Cu-treated zebrafish larvae strain that expresses a fluorescent reporter in hepatocytes, and on oxidative stress levels in wild type AB zebrafish larvae. Results: OSIP108 increased not only viability of Cu-treated CHO cells transgenically expressing ATP7B and the common WD-causing mutant ATP7B{sup H1069Q}, but also viability of Cu-treated human glioblastoma U87 cells. Aberrancies in liver morphology of Cu-treated zebrafish larvae were observed, which were further confirmed as Cu-induced hepatotoxicity by liver histology. Injections of OSIP108 into Cu-treated zebrafish larvae significantly increased the amount of larvae with normal liver morphology and decreased Cu-induced production of reactive oxygen species. Conclusions: OSIP108 prevents Cu-induced toxicity in in vitro models and in a Cu-toxicity zebrafish larvae model applicable to WD. General significance: All the above data indicate the potential of OSIP108 as a drug lead for further development as a novel WD treatment. - Highlights: • Wilson disease (WD) is characterized by accumulation of toxic copper (Cu). • OSIP108 increases viability of Cu-treated cellular models applicable to WD. • OSIP108 injections preserve liver morphology of Cu-treated zebrafish larvae. • OSIP108 injections into zebrafish larvae abrogates Cu-induced oxidative stress.

Strain difference of cadmium-induced testicular toxicity in inbred Wistar-Imamichi and Fischer 344 rats

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shimada, Hideaki; Narumi, Rika [Kumamoto University, Faculty of Education, Kumamoto (Japan); Nagano, Masaaki; Yasutake, Akira [National Institute for Minamata Disease, Biochemistry Section, Kumamoto (Japan); Waalkes, Michael P. [National Cancer Institute at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Inorganic Carcinogenesis Section, Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, Research Triangle Park, NC (United States); Imamura, Yorishige [Kumamoto University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto (Japan)

2009-07-15

Previously, we reported that Wistar-Imamichi (WI) rats are highly resistant to cadmium (Cd)-induced lethality and hepatotoxicity compared to Fischer 344 (F344) rats. Since the testes are one of the most sensitive organs to acute Cd toxicity, we examined possible strain-related differences in Cd-induced testicular toxicity between inbred WI and F344 rats. Rats were treated with a single dose of 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mg Cd/kg, as CdCl{sub 2}, sc and killed 24 h later. Cd at doses of 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg induced severe testicular hemorrhage, as assessed by pathological and testis hemoglobin content, in F344 rats, but not WI rats. After Cd treatment (2.0 mg/kg), the testicular Cd content was significantly lower in WI rats than in the F344 rats, indicating a toxiokinetic mechanism for the observed strain difference. Thus, the remarkable resistance to Cd-induced testicular toxicity in WI rats is associated, at least in part, with lower testicular accumulation of Cd. When zinc (Zn; 10 mg/kg, sc) was administered in combination with Cd (2.0 mg/kg) to F344 rats, the Cd-induced increase in testicular hemoglobin content, indicative of hemorrhage, was significantly reduced. Similarly, the testicular Cd content was significantly decreased with Zn co-treatment compared to Cd treatment alone. Thus, it can be concluded that the testicular Cd accumulation partly competes with Zn transport systems and that these systems may play an important role in the strain-related differences in Cd-induced testicular toxicity between WI and F344 rats. (orig.)

Toxicity of sediments and pore water from Brunswick Estuary, Georgia

Science.gov (United States)

Winger, Parley V.; Lasier, Peter J.; Geitner, Harvey

1993-01-01

A chlor-alkali plant in Brunswick, Georgia, USA, discharged >2 kg mercury/d into a tributary of the Turtle River-Brunswick Estuary from 1966 to 1971. Mercury concentrations in sediments collected in 1989 along the tributary near the chlor-alkali plant ranged from 1 to 27 μg/g (dry weight), with the highest concentrations found in surface (0–8 cm) sediments of subtidal zones in the vicinity of the discharge site. Toxicity screening in 1990 using Microtox® bioassays on pore water extracted on site from sediments collected at six stations distributed along the tributary indicated that pore water was highly toxic near the plant discharge. Ten-day toxicity tests on pore water from subsequent sediment samples collected near the plant discharge confirmed high toxicity to Hyalella azteca, and feeding activity was significantly reduced in whole-sediment tests. In addition to mercury in the sediments, other metals (chromium, lead, and zinc) exceeded 50 μg/g, and polychlorobiphenyl (PCB) concentrations ranged from 67 to 95 μg/g. On a molar basis, acid-volatile sulfide concentrations (20–45 μmol/g) in the sediments exceeded the metal concentrations. Because acid-volatile sulfides bind with cationic metals and form metal sulfides, which are generally not bioavailable, toxicities shown by these sediments were attributed to the high concentrations of PCBs and possibly methylmercury.

PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI JASA BERBASIS LAYANAN PELANGGAN (STUDI KASUS PT. GLORA KARYA MAKMUR, BAWEN

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Sriyanto Sriyanto

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Berkembangnya ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi khususnya di bidang industri akan mengakibatkan persaingan atau kompetisi menjadi semakin ketat. Persaingan tersebut tidak hanya terjadi pada perusahaan – perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang produksi barang atau manufaktur saja. Persaingan juga terjadi pada perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang jasa. Untuk memenangkan persaingan tersebut semua perusahaan, dalam hal ini yang bergerak di bidang jasa, tentu saja harus meningkatkan pelayanannya kepada konsumen. PT. Glora Karya Makmur adalah perusahaan yang  bergerak di bidang jasa transportasi barang.. Dalam melaksanakan kegiatannya PT. Glora Karya Makmur mendistribusikan produk Coca – Cola berdasarkan delivery order yang diberikan oleh pihak Coca Cola ke sales centre –sales centre tersebut. Permasalahan yang dihadapai adalah perusahaan belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan pelanggan akan informasi yang cepat dan akurat, hal ini  disebabkan karena belum adanya sistem informasi berbasis layanan pelanggan yang handal dalam menangani delivery order dari pelanggan.                 Sistem informasi yang akan dikembangkan adalah sistem informasi transportasi (SITASI yang menggunakan arsitektur database client-server. Dalam merancang sistem ini lebih dulu dilakukan analisis sistem yang lama dengan menggunakan IDEFø. Pemodelan IDEFø juga digunakan pada saat merancang sistem yang baru Setelah dilakukan perancangan sistem yang baru dan mengembangkannya dalam bentuk perangkat lunak, dihasilkan dua interface utama yaitu interface untuk perusahaan (PT. GKM dan interface untuk pelanggan (PT. Coca –Cola yang saling terhubung dengan database yang sama. Dengan adanya perangkat lunak SITASI ini maka prosedur kerja antara kedua perusahaan akan menjadi lebih mudah dan lebih cepat, dan pelanggan akan lebih puas dengan kinerja yang diberikan oleh perusahaan. Kata kunci    : client-server,IDEFø,SITASI,layanan pelanggan.

PERANCANGAN APLIKASI SISTEM REPAIR SCHEDULE PADA KAPAL PENYEBERANGAN MERAK-BAKAUHENI BERBASIS WEB MENURUT ATURAN BIRO KLASIFIKASI INDONESIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Samuel Samuel

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Reparasi kapal (docking merupakan keharusan guna menjamin sertifikat kelaikan maupun keselamatan. Minimal setiap setahun sekali kapal harus docking. Saat ini di pelabuhan Merak–Bakauheni terjadi antrian yang panjang terutama pada saat high season karena kurangnya armada kapal yang disebabkan jadwal docking pada high season dan kurangnya komunikasi dan pengawasan docking kapal tersebut. Untuk menghindari hal tersebut, peneliti merancang dan membuat sistem informasi docking schedule berbasis web yang dilengkapi dengan reminder dalam bentuk email dan sms untuk memudahkan PT. ASDP sebagai pengelola transportasi di pelabuhan merak-bakauheni dalam mengatur jadwal dan melakukan pengawasan pada kapal. Pengembangan aplikasi dimulai dengan identifikasi kebutuhan sistem yang menghasilkan desain sistem, yang didefinisikan dengan Data Flow Diagram (DFD, Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD, Use case Diagram. Implementasi aplikasi berdasarkan desain sistem diterapkan pada lingkungan web dengan MySQL dan PHP dan sms gateway. Sistem penjadwalan reparasi dan survey berbasis web dengan pesan pengingat melalui Email dan SMS ini mampu  memberikan informasi jadwal repair dan survey dengan cepat dan dapat diakses kapanpun dan dimanapun dan dari hasil uji coba sistem, menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi yang dibangun telah dapat memenuhi semua kebutuhan sistem pengguna.

Methylmercury declines in a boreal peatland when experimental sulfate deposition decreases

Science.gov (United States)

Jill K. Coleman Wasik; Carl P.J. Mitchell; Daniel R. Engstrom; Edward B. Swain; Bruce A. Monson; Steven J. Balogh; Jeffrey D. Jeremiason; Brian A. Branfireun; Susan L. Eggert; Randall K. Kolka; James E. Almendinger

2012-01-01

Between 2001 and 2008 we experimentally manipulated atmospheric sulfate-loading to a small boreal peatland and monitored the resulting short and long-term changes in methylmercury (MeHg) production. MeHg concentrations and %MeHg (fraction of total-Hg (HgT) present as MeHg) in the porewaters of the experimental treatment reached peak values within...

PENINGKATAN KINERJA SISTEM KESELAMATAN PASIF PADA REAKTOR NUKLIR DENGAN PENAMBAHAN KOMPONEN RVACS

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A. G. Abdullah

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Kelengkapan sistem keselamatan pasif dan inheren pada reaktor lanjut merupakan prasyarat utama. Makalah ini mengeksplorasi hasil desain konseptual sistem pembuang sisa panas pada pusat listrik tenaga nuklir berjenis Very High-Temperature Reactor. Tujuan riset ini untuk merancang sistem pembuang sisa panas pusat listrik tenaga nuklir yang terdapat pada dinding reaktor. Studi kinerja Reactor Vessel Auxliary Cooling System (RVACS dilakukan pada dua jenis pendingin yaitu Timbal-Bismut dan Liquid Salt. Panas dari dinding reaktor dihapus melalui sirkulasi alamiah pada keadaan tunak. Analisis melibatkan sistem perpindahan panas secara radiasi, konduksi dan konveksi alami. Perhitungan perpindahan panas dilakukan pada elemen reaktor vessel, dinding luar guard vessel, dan pelat pemisah. Hasil analisis kecelakaan menunjukkan kedua jenis sistem pendingin reaktor dan sistem pasif sisa pembuangan panas cukup menghapus sisa panas hasil peluruhan dengan sirkulasi alami.ABSTRACTCompleteness of passive safety systems and inherent in advanced reactors is a major prerequisite. This paper explores the results of a conceptual design of the heat removal system at the nuclear power plant (NPP type Very High-Temperature Reactor. The purpose of this research was to design the reactor vessel auxiliary cooling system (RVACS of NPP located within the reactor walls. The RVACS performance study was conducted on two types of coolant: Lead-Bismuth and Liquid Salt. Heat was removed from the reactor vessel through the natural circulation in the steady state. Analyses of heat transfer systems involved radiation, conduction and natural convection. Heat transfer calculations were performed on the reactor vessel, guard vessel, and perforated plate. The results from the accident analysis showed that both types, the reactor coolant system and the passive residual heat removal system, adequately remove remaining heat of the decay by a natural circulation.

Sistem Parkir Berbasis RFID dan Pengenalan Citra Pelat Nomor Kendaraan

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Eko Didik Widianto

2017-07-01

Full Text Available The length of time in manually recording vehicle license plates in the parking system leads to long vehicle queues. This research developed automatic parking system based on RFID and vehicle plate number recognition. Authentication used a camera and Arduino Uno as the controller for RFID reading, feedback and gatekeeper control. The system will compare the characters image and RFID in the record of database to authorize a vehicle. Image processing was done by contour analysis method and had 91% in accuracy at 60 cm of distance and 131.89 milliseconds of reading speed. The system had been able to work to automatically open and close gates based on the match of RFID and vehicle plate number recognition. Waktu yang lama saat pencatatan pelat nomor kendaraan secara manual di sistem parkir menimbulkan antrean. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem parkir otomatis berbasis RFID dan pengolahan citra pelat nomor kendaraan. Autentikasi menggunakan kamera untuk pengambil gambar pelat nomor dan Arduino Uno sebagai kontroler untuk pembaca RFID, pemberi umpan balik dan pembuka gerbang. Sistem akan membandingkan karakter citra dan RFID pada database untuk menentukan izin penggunaan kendaraan. Pengolahan citra menggunakan metode analisis kontur dan memiliki akurasi sebesar 91 % di jarak 60 cm dan kecepatan baca 131,89 milidetik. Sistem telah dapat bekerja untuk secara otomatis membuka dan menutup gerbang berdasarkan kecocokan kartu RFID dan pelat kendaraan.

Paracetamol: overdose-induced oxidative stress toxicity, metabolism, and protective effects of various compounds in vivo and in vitro.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Xu; Wu, Qinghua; Liu, Aimei; Anadón, Arturo; Rodríguez, José-Luis; Martínez-Larrañaga, María-Rosa; Yuan, Zonghui; Martínez, María-Aránzazu

2017-11-01

Paracetamol (APAP) is one of the most widely used and popular over-the-counter analgesic and antipyretic drugs in the world when used at therapeutic doses. APAP overdose can cause severe liver injury, liver necrosis and kidney damage in human beings and animals. Many studies indicate that oxidative stress is involved in the various toxicities associated with APAP, and various antioxidants were evaluated to investigate their protective roles against APAP-induced liver and kidney toxicities. To date, almost no review has addressed the APAP toxicity in relation to oxidative stress. This review updates the research conducted over the past decades into the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and oxidative stress as a result of APAP treatments, and ultimately their correlation with the toxicity and metabolism of APAP. The metabolism of APAP involves various CYP450 enzymes, through which oxidative stress might occur, and such metabolic factors are reviewed within. The therapeutics of a variety of compounds against APAP-induced organ damage based on their anti-oxidative effects is also discussed, in order to further understand the role of oxidative stress in APAP-induced toxicity. This review will throw new light on the critical roles of oxidative stress in APAP-induced toxicity, as well as on the contradictions and blind spots that still exist in the understanding of APAP toxicity, the cellular effects in terms of organ injury and cell signaling pathways, and finally strategies to help remedy such against oxidative damage.

Radiologic evaluation of adriamycin induced toxic cardiomyopathy in childhood leukemia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Young Joo; Moon, Young Hee; Kang, Kyung Jin; Kim, Ok Hwa; Kim, Choon Yul; Bahk, Yong Whee

1992-01-01

The cardiomyopathy associated with Adriamycin is frequently fatal and full clinical recovery is uncommon. To evaluate the radiological manifestation and the outcome of Adriamycin induced cardiac toxicity, we retrospectively reviewed the serial chest X-ray films of children treated with Adriamycin. Among 154 children with leukemia, fourteen patients developed clinical and radiologic evidence of congestive heart failure (CHF). Six out of 14 (43%) died of CHF within 2 weeks after attack and eight children survived after their acute episodes of CHF, were controlled following digoxin and diuretic therapy. Despite the improving clinical evidence of heart failure, the follow-up chest roentgenograms of these 8 children showed definite cardiomegaly as compared with the pre-treatment chest X-ray. Three children among 8 had minimal cardiomegaly and the remaining five children showed persistent, marked cardiomegaly during the period of 9-25 months of follow up. In summary, when CHF develops during chemotherapy in leukemic children, the possibility of Adriamycin induced cardiac toxicity should be suspected. Our findings showed that persistence of cardiomegaly represented significant cardiomyopathy despite clinical improvement of CHF

Effects of ICRF-187 and L-Carnitine on bleomycin-induced lung toxicity in rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shouman, Samia A.; Abdel-Hamid, M.A.; Hassan, Zeinab A.; Mansour, Heba H.

2002-01-01

The possible modulatory effects of ICRF-187 and L-carnitine against bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicity in male rats were investigated. Repeated administration of bleomycin (10 mg/kg, twice weekly for 6 consecutive weeks) produced significant lung toxicity. The toxicity was manifested by significant increase in normal contents of lipid peroxide (LPO, 91.7%) reduced glutathione (GSH, 73.2%) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG, 135.4%) as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD, 222.7%). Thirty minutes prior to bleomycin treatment, other groups of rats received either ICRF-187 (95 mg/kg) or L-carnitine (500 mg/kg) adopting the same schedule of treatment as in bleomycin-treated group. L-carnitine decreased bleomycin-induced elevations in SOD activity, GSH and GSSG contents, however, it failed to suppress the increase in LPO level. On the other hand, treatment with ICRF-187 returned back all the elevated biochemical parameters induced by bleomycin to nearly normal levels. In conclusion, the results of this study showed a potential capability of ICRF-187 to mitigate the bleomycin-induced lung injury. Moreover, despite the inability of L-carnitine to change the elevated LPO content, it was able however, to decrease the elevated endogenous antioxidant parameters. (author)

Determination of methylmercury by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry using headspace single-drop microextraction with in situ hydride generation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gil, Sandra [Departamento de Quimica Analitica y Alimentaria, Area de Quimica Analitica, Universidad de Vigo, Facultad de Ciencias (Quimica), As Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36200 Vigo (Spain); Fragueiro, Sandra [Departamento de Quimica Analitica y Alimentaria, Area de Quimica Analitica, Universidad de Vigo, Facultad de Ciencias (Quimica), As Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36200 Vigo (Spain); Lavilla, Isela [Departamento de Quimica Analitica y Alimentaria, Area de Quimica Analitica, Universidad de Vigo, Facultad de Ciencias (Quimica), As Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36200 Vigo (Spain); Bendicho, Carlos [Departamento de Quimica Analitica y Alimentaria, Area de Quimica Analitica, Universidad de Vigo, Facultad de Ciencias (Quimica), As Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36200 Vigo (Spain)]. E-mail: bendicho@uvigo.es

2005-01-10

A new method is proposed for preconcentration and matrix separation of methylmercury prior to its determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). Generation of methylmercury hydride (MeHgH) from a 5-ml solution is carried out in a closed vial and trapped onto an aqueous single drop (3-{mu}l volume) containing Pd(II) or Pt(IV) (50 and 10 mg/l, respectively). The hydrogen evolved in the headspace (HS) after decomposition of sodium tetrahydroborate (III) injected for hydride generation caused the formation of finely dispersed Pd(0) or Pt(0) in the drop, which in turn, were responsible for the sequestration of MeHgH. A preconcentration factor of ca. 40 is achieved with both noble metals used as trapping agents. The limit of detection of methylmercury was 5 and 4 ng/ml (as Hg) with Pd(II) or Pt(IV) as trapping agents, and the precision expressed as relative standard deviation was about 7%. The preconcentration system was fully characterised through optimisation of the following variables: Pd(II) or Pt(IV) concentration in the drop, extraction time, pH of the medium, temperatures of both sample solution and drop, concentration of salt in the sample solution, sodium tetrahydroborate (III) concentration in the drop and stirring rate. The method has been successfully validated against two fish certified reference materials (CRM 464 tuna fish and CRM DORM-2 dogfish muscle) following selective extraction of methylmercury in 2 mol/l HCl medium.

Determination of methylmercury by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry using headspace single-drop microextraction with in situ hydride generation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gil, Sandra; Fragueiro, Sandra; Lavilla, Isela; Bendicho, Carlos

2005-01-01

A new method is proposed for preconcentration and matrix separation of methylmercury prior to its determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). Generation of methylmercury hydride (MeHgH) from a 5-ml solution is carried out in a closed vial and trapped onto an aqueous single drop (3-μl volume) containing Pd(II) or Pt(IV) (50 and 10 mg/l, respectively). The hydrogen evolved in the headspace (HS) after decomposition of sodium tetrahydroborate (III) injected for hydride generation caused the formation of finely dispersed Pd(0) or Pt(0) in the drop, which in turn, were responsible for the sequestration of MeHgH. A preconcentration factor of ca. 40 is achieved with both noble metals used as trapping agents. The limit of detection of methylmercury was 5 and 4 ng/ml (as Hg) with Pd(II) or Pt(IV) as trapping agents, and the precision expressed as relative standard deviation was about 7%. The preconcentration system was fully characterised through optimisation of the following variables: Pd(II) or Pt(IV) concentration in the drop, extraction time, pH of the medium, temperatures of both sample solution and drop, concentration of salt in the sample solution, sodium tetrahydroborate (III) concentration in the drop and stirring rate. The method has been successfully validated against two fish certified reference materials (CRM 464 tuna fish and CRM DORM-2 dogfish muscle) following selective extraction of methylmercury in 2 mol/l HCl medium

Gel entrapment culture of rat hepatocytes for investigation of tetracycline-induced toxicity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shen Chong; Meng Qin; Schmelzer, Eva; Bader, Augustinus

2009-01-01

This paper aimed to explore three-dimensionally cultured hepatocytes for testing drug-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Gel entrapped rat hepatocytes were applied for investigation of the tetracycline-induced steatohepatitis, while hepatocyte monolayer was set as a control. The toxic responses of hepatocytes were systematically evaluated by measuring cell viability, liver-specific function, lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, adenosine triphosphate content and mitochondrial membrane potential. The results suggested that gel entrapped hepatocytes showed cell death after 96 h of tetracycline treatment at 25 μM which is equivalent to toxic serum concentration in rats, while hepatocyte monolayer showed cell death at a high dose of 200 μM. The concentration-dependent accumulation of lipid as well as mitochondrial damage were regarded as two early events for tetracycline hepatotoxicity in gel entrapment culture due to their detectability ahead of subsequent increase of oxidative stress and a final cell death. Furthermore, the potent protection of fenofibrate and fructose-1,6-diphosphate were evidenced in only gel entrapment culture with higher expressions on the genes related to β-oxidation than hepatocyte monolayer, suggesting the mediation of lipid metabolism and mitochondrial damage in tetracycline toxicity. Overall, gel entrapped hepatocytes in three-dimension reflected more of the tetracycline toxicity in vivo than hepatocyte monolayer and thus was suggested as a more relevant system for evaluating steatogenic drugs.

Studi Perbaikan Stabilitas Tegangan Sistem Jawa-Madura-Bali (Jamali dengan Pemasangan SVC Setelah Masuknya Pembangkit 1000 MW Paiton

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Heru Pujo Prayitno

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Sebagian besar pemadaman sistem tenaga listrik yang terjadi disebabkan oleh tekanan yang tinggi pada sistem daya dengan besarnya permintaan daya aktif dan reaktif dan kondisi tegangan yang rendah. Ketika tegangan pada sistem tenaga bus rendah, kerugian juga akan meningkat. Sehingga diperlukan pengembangan teknik khusus untuk meningkatkan tegangan dan menghilangkan ketidakstabilan tegangan dalam sistem tenaga. Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS sangat intensif untuk menjaga stabilitas tegangan pada jalur transmisi untuk memanipulasi aliran daya. Performa sistem tenaga dan stabilitas sistem tenaga dapat ditingkatkan dengan menggunakan perangkat FACTS, salah satunya dengan Static VAR Compensator (SVC. Pada tugas akhir ini bertujuan untuk memperbaiki stabilitas tegangan terutama memperbaiki profil tegangan terhadap penambahan suatu beban P dan Q pada rencana pengembangan sistem kelistrikan Jawa-Madura-Bali (Jamali 500kV tahun 2021 dengan pemasangan SVC pada bus yang sensitif. Analisis stabilitas tegangan dapat dilakukan dengan metode kestabilan kurva PV. Hasil perbandingan kurva PV sebelum dan sesudah pemasang SVC dapat menunjukkan adanya perbaikan perbedaan kestabilan tegangan. Perbaikan tegangan dengan menggunakan SVC dapat menjaga tegangan untuk tetap berada pada batas nilai kestabilan tegangan.  

Polyglutamine toxicity in yeast induces metabolic alterations and mitochondrial defects

KAUST Repository

Papsdorf, Katharina

2015-09-03

Background Protein aggregation and its pathological effects are the major cause of several neurodegenerative diseases. In Huntington’s disease an elongated stretch of polyglutamines within the protein Huntingtin leads to increased aggregation propensity. This induces cellular defects, culminating in neuronal loss, but the connection between aggregation and toxicity remains to be established. Results To uncover cellular pathways relevant for intoxication we used genome-wide analyses in a yeast model system and identify fourteen genes that, if deleted, result in higher polyglutamine toxicity. Several of these genes, like UGO1, ATP15 and NFU1 encode mitochondrial proteins, implying that a challenged mitochondrial system may become dysfunctional during polyglutamine intoxication. We further employed microarrays to decipher the transcriptional response upon polyglutamine intoxication, which exposes an upregulation of genes involved in sulfur and iron metabolism and mitochondrial Fe-S cluster formation. Indeed, we find that in vivo iron concentrations are misbalanced and observe a reduction in the activity of the prominent Fe-S cluster containing protein aconitase. Like in other yeast strains with impaired mitochondria, non-fermentative growth is impossible after intoxication with the polyglutamine protein. NMR-based metabolic analyses reveal that mitochondrial metabolism is reduced, leading to accumulation of metabolic intermediates in polyglutamine-intoxicated cells. Conclusion These data show that damages to the mitochondrial system occur in polyglutamine intoxicated yeast cells and suggest an intricate connection between polyglutamine-induced toxicity, mitochondrial functionality and iron homeostasis in this model system.

SISTEM TERPADU REKAM MEDIK RUMAH SAKIT DENGAN SMART CARD

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_ Sukamto

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Dalam penelitian ini, system terpadu rekam medik rumah sakit dibuat dengan teknologi smart card sebagai media penimpanan data Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menerapkan teknologi smart card sebagai sarana atau media penyimpan informasi pasien yang mempunyai kesederhana, keandalan, dan portabilitas yang tinggi, sehingga meningkatkan jaminan ketersediaan data pada sebuah sistem rekam medik.Tahapan pembuatan rancang bangun sistem rekam medis ini meliputi perancangan data flow diagram, rentity relationshipp diagram, database dan program aplikasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa smart card dapat digunakan sebagai sarana atau media penyimpan informasi pasien yang mempunyai kesederhana, keandalan, dan portabilitas yang tinggi.

Aplikasi Sistem Kalender Bali Berbasis Mobile Application Pada Blackberry Platform

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I Ngurah Putu Wiara Prayana Destra

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Kalender adalah suatu sistem pemberian nama pada sebuah periode waktu. Penamaan atas periode waktu ini bisa didasarkan dari gerakan-gerakan benda angkasa seperti matahari dan bulan atau perjanjian/persetujuan. Kalender Bali atau Kalendar Caka Bali sangat penting dalam kehidupan sosial budaya Masyarakat Bali. Beberapa hari suci seperti Hari Raya Nyepi dan Siwaratri ditetapkan berdasarkan Kalender Caka, begitu pula dengan Piodalan Pura di Bali.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang pemodelan dan membangun sebuah Sistem Informasi Kalender Bali berbasis Blackberry yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan pencarian informasi berdasarkan perhitungan pawukuan Bali.Perancangan dilakukan dengan metode perangkat pemodelan sistem serta penelusuran algoritma perhitungan wewaran, purnama, tilem dan sasih dari sejumlah pustaka Kalender Bali. Analisa dilakukan dengan menguji perhitungan wewaran, sasih, purnama tilem, pencarian Tanggal Masehi, pencarian otonan, pencarian wuku, pencarian hari raya. Hasil analisa mendapatkan ketepatan hasil perhitungan wewaran, sasih, purnama tilem, pencarian Tanggal Masehi, pencarian otonan, pencarian wuku yang dapat diakses dengan mudah melalui Blackberry. Kata kunci : Kalender Bali, Blackberry, Wewaran

Perancangan Sistem Informasi Wirausaha Studi Kasus : Program Mahasiswa Wirausaha Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang

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. Nahlah

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Sistem Informasi Wirausaha khususnya untuk Program Mahasiswa Wirausaha (PMW Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang (PNUP merupakan model pelaporan terkomputerisasi mengenai kegiatan PMW-PNUP. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang model basis data untuk pembuatan aplikasi. Aktivitas penelitian menggunakan metode waterfall yang terdiri dari tahapan analisis kebutuhan, perancangan sistem, pemrograman dengan pemanfaatan Microsoft Office Access (MS.Access, pengujian program, pengujian sistem, perbaikan dan pemeliharaan. Pada perancangan sistem yang dilakukan berupa perancangan basis data dengan konsep diagram konteks, Data Flow Diagram (DFD, dan Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD. Aplikasi yang dihasilkan berupa prototyping program berbasis MS.Access, dengan berbagai informasi seperti informasi mengenai daftar hadir peserta PMW dalam setiap tahap kegiatan, informasi mengenai pembimbing dan jenis usaha, modal usaha, alamat usaha, dan proses usaha. Selain itu dapat pula diperoleh Informasi peserta dari berbagai jurusan, tahun, sumber dana, waktu pelaksanaan, dan laporan perkembangan usaha. Informasi-informasi tersebut dapat terfilter berdasarkan tahun yang dikehendaki. Kata kunci : Informasi wirausaha, Waterfall, Basis data, MS.Access

ANALISIS MODEL PENERIMAAN PENGGUNA SISTEM PELAPORAN PAJAK ONLINE

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Muhammad Malik Hakim

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Direktorat Jenderal Pajak saat ini telah menerapkan e-SPT dan e-Filing sebagai sarana digitalisasi dan otomasi pelaporan pajak. Untuk meningkatkan transformasi bisnis proses dalam sistem pelayanan perpajakan dari sistem manual ke digital, diperlukan kesiapan dan penerimaan pengguna yang cukup memadai. Studi dan analisis perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana tingkat penerimaan pengguna dalam menggunakan sistem e-SPT dan e- Filing. Studi dilakukan secara kuantitatif menggunakan model UTAUT yang telah dimodifikasi untuk menganalisis model penerimaan pengguna yang merupakan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi yang telah menggunakan e-SPT dan e- Filing. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 235 responden yang disebarkan dengan cara snow ball sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan model penerimaan e-SPT dan e-Filing dari jenis kelamin dan kelompok umur. Pengaruh harapan kinerja (PE dan pengaruh sosial (SI terhadap niat perilaku (BI, serta pengaruh niat perilaku (BI pada penggunaan aktual (AU pada pria lebih kuat dibandingkan pada wanita. Sebaliknya, pengaruh harapan usaha (EE terhadap niat perilaku (BI dan fasilitas pendukung / penunjang (FC terhadap penggunaan aktual (AU pada wanita dijumpai memberikan pengaruh yang lebih kuat. Selain itu, di dalam kelompok umur, pengaruh terhadap semua variabel yang diteliti ternyata lebih kuat pada kelompok umur 25 35 tahun. Kata kunci: model penerimaan pengguna, UTAUT, pelaporan pajak, e-SPT, e-filing.

ALTERNATIF PEMODELAN SISTEM AKUNTANSI PENJUALAN TUNAI TERKOMPUTERISASI BAGI USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UKM

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Siswanto Siswanto

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract: Alternative Modeling of Accounting System of Computerized Cash Sales for Small and Medium Enterprises (SME. The ability of UKMs in the data processing of their activities and transactions needs great concern; therefore a system that could support its business operations is needed. The development of information technology requires SMEs to organize the data recording, processing, and reporting using technology-assisted accounting system available. Accounting system is an organization of forms, records, and reports coordinated in such a way as to provide the financial information needed by the management to help the company administration. Cash sales accounting system that includes inputs, processes, and outputs can be developed with computer technology. This computerization process involves a 'computer' as the primary means of processing and the 'human' as the regulator, operator, and controller of the device. This paper is expected to provide an alternative modeling of sales accounting system to be implemented modestly for UKMs with a simple computer-assisted technology. Keywords: Small and Medium Enterprise, Accounting Systems, Cash Sales, Technology.   Abstrak: Alternatif Pemodelan Sistem Akuntansi Penjualan Tunai Terkomputerisasi Bagi Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM. Kemampuan UKM dalam mengolah data tentang aktivitas dan transaksi perlu mendapatkan perhatian sehingga dibutuhkan sebuah sistem yang dapat mendukung kegiatan operasional usahanya. Perkembangan teknologi informasi menuntut UKM dapat menyelenggarakan pencatatan, pengolahan, dan pelaporan data menggunakan sistem akuntansi berbantuan teknologi yang ada. Sistem akuntansi merupakan organisasi formulir, catatan dan laporan yang dikoordinasikan sedemikian rupa untuk menyediakan informasi keuangan yang dibutuhkan oleh manajemen guna memudahkan pengelolaan perusahaan. Sistem akuntansi penjualan tunai yang meliputi input, proses, dan output dapat dikembangkan dengan teknologi

Total Mercury and Methylmercury Contamination in Fish from Sites along the Elbe River

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P. Maršálek

2006-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of the study was to evaluate total mercury Hg and methylmercury MeHg contamination in muscle tissues of fish collected in 2002 from the Labe (Elbe river at sites upstream of Pardubice and downstream of Pardubice and Hřensko, and in 2004 from the Labe river upstream and downstream of the Spolana factory in Neratovice, and from the Vltava river downstream of Lenora. Eighty eight fish of the following species were sampled: bream (Abramis brama L., perch (Perca fluviatilis L., chub (Leuciscus cephalus L. and barbel (Barbus barbus L.. Total mercury content in chub, perch and bream was in the range of 0.05 - 1.96 mg kg-1 w.w., 0. 09 - 1.46 mg kg-1 w.w. and 0.35 - 0.82 mg kg-1 w.w., respectively. Methylmercury content in chub, perch and bream was in the range of 0.04 - 2.11 mg kg-1 w.w., 0.1 - 1.73 mg kg-1 w.w. and 0.371 - 0.650 mg kg-1 w.w., respectively. Significant correlation (p p < 0.05 between THg and MeHg contents were found between individual sites. In 2002, for example, the most contaminated fish were found downstream of Pardubice, followed by fish from upstream of Pardubice and from Hřensko. In 2004, fish from downstream and upstream of the Spolana factory in Neratovice were more contaminated than fish from the Vltava river downstream of Lenora. The methylmercury-tototal mercury ratio in muscle tissue was close to 1.0.

Analisa Keandalan Sistem Distribusi 20 kV PT.PLN Rayon Lumajang dengan Metode FMEA (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis

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Achmad Fatoni

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Saat ini tingkat keandalan dari suatu sistem distribusi adalah sangat penting guna menjamin kontinuitas supply tenaga listrik kepada konsumen. Karena itu, disadari pentingnya otomatisasi sistem distribusi yang salah satunya dapat dicapai dengan menggunakan sectionalizer. Tugas Akhir ini dibuat dengan tujuan menghitung indeks keandalan dari sistem distribusi 20 kV Rayon Lumajang. Metode yang digunakan adalah FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, di mana indeks kegagalan dari setiap peralatan utama sistem distribusi diperhitungkan dalam mencari indeks keandalan sistem secara menyeluruh. Sejumlah studi kasus dilakukan guna melihat pengaruh dari jumlah serta lokasi penempatan sectionalizer dan juga fuse di sepanjang jaringan terhadap indeks keandalan sistem. Pada akhirnya, solusi optimal akan memberikan nilai indeks keandalan sistem distribusi yang terbaik. Berdasarkan hasil analisa, dengan penambahan fuse pada penyulang sukodono dapat menaikkan Indeks Keandalan SAIFI yang semula bernilai 6.6088 menjadi bernilai 5.4176, lalu dengan adanya penambahan sectionalizer pada penyulang sukodono maka dapat menaikkan indeks keandalan SAIDI yang awalnya bernilai 7.6737  menjadi bernilai 6.4431.

Penerapan Case-Based Reasoning Pada Sistem Cerdas Untuk Pendeteksian dan Penanganan Dini Penyakit Sapi

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Irlando Moggi Prakoso

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Penyakit sapi memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap penurunan produksi daging bagi para peternak sapi. Untuk meminimalisir dampak dari penyakit perlu dilakukan pendeteksian dan penanganan dini untuk mencegah tingginya kerugian yang terjadi. Sistem cerdas dapat memudahkan peternak sapi untuk mendiagnosa secara mandiri. Penelitian sebelumnya menghasilkan sistem cerdas  untuk mendiagnosa penyakit sapi menggunakan algoritma Backpropagation Artificial neural Network(ANN. Namun ANN bersifat black-box karena kita tidak dapat melihat informasi yang mendasari hasil diagnosa. Tugas akhir ini memiliki tujuan untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, yakni dengan membuat sistem cerdas berbasis Cased-Based Reasoning(CBR untuk menyempurnakan sistem cerdas yang sebelumnya dibuat menggunakan ANN. CBR memberikan hasil diagnosa berdasarkan permasalahan terdahulu yang dapat direvisi untuk memecahkan permasalahan terbaru. Dari ketiga uji coba dengan case didalam case memory(skenario 1, diluar case memory(skenario 2, dan gejala parsial dari case memory(skenario 3 mendapatkan hasil yang baik dengan nilai precision 100% dan 95.83% untuk skenario 1 dan 3.   Serta nilai precision yang memang kurang baik untuk skenario 2 sebesar 59.31%. Dengan demikian, sistem cerdas ini dapat memberikan hasil diagnosa yang akurat dan memudahkan peternak sapi dalam mendiagnosa secara mandiri.

Protective effects of a by-product of the pecan nut industry (Carya illinoensis) on the toxicity induced by cyclophosphamide in rats Carya illinoensis protects against cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity.

Science.gov (United States)

Benvegnú, D; Barcelos, R C S; Boufleur, N; Reckziegel, P; Pase, C S; Müller, L G; Martins, N M B; Vareli, C; Bürger, M E

2010-01-01

This study investigated the antioxidant effects of pecan nut (Carya illinoensis) shell aqueous extract (AE) on toxicity induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) in the heart, kidney, liver, bladder, plasma and erythrocytes of rats. Rats were treated with water or pecan shell AE (5%) ad libitum, replacing drinking water for 37 days up to the end of the experiment. On day 30, half of each group received a single administration of vehicle or CP 200 mg/kg-ip. After 7 days, the organs were removed. Rats treated with CP showed an increase in lipid peroxidation (LP) and decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in all structures. Catalase (CAT) activity was increased in the heart and decreased in liver and kidney. Besides, CP treatment decreased plasmatic vitamin C (VIT C) levels and induced bladder macroscopical and microscopical damages. In contrast, co-treatment with pecan shell AE prevented the LP development and the GSH depletion in all structures, except in the heart and plasma, respectively. CAT activity in the heart and liver as well as the plasmatic VIT C levels remained unchanged. Finally, AE prevented CP-induced bladder injury. These findings revealed the protective role of pecan shell AE in CP-induced multiple organ toxicity.

PENGGUNAAN METODE DEMPSTER SHAFER UNTUK MENGANALISA PENYAKIT PADA SISTEM REPRODUKSI WANITA DENGAN SOLUSI PENANGANAN OBAT HERBAL

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Ahmad Ali Saefuddin

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Seorang wanita mempunyai kodrat yang tidak dimiliki pria yaitu hamil dan melahirkan, jadi organ reproduksi pada wanita merupakan salah satu bagian terpenting pada tubuh wanita, sehingga kesehatan pada organ reproduksi wanita harus diperhatikan. Kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang gejala-gejala penyakit pada organ reproduksi wanita menyebabkan keterlambatan penanganan yang membuat penyakit yang diderita menjadi lebih sulit untuk diobati dan dapat menjadi penyakit berbahaya yang dapat mengancam kehidupannya. Metodologi yang dipakai untuk penelitian yaitu metode pengembangan waterfall (air terjun. Sistem pakar ini menggunakan aturan metode demspher shafer dalam menentukan hasil akhir. Pembuatan perangkat lunak sistem pakar berbasis android ini menggunakan software eclipe, MySQL sebagai penyimpanan database dan menggunakan bahasa pemograman Java Android. Penelitian ini menghasilkan Penggunaan Metode Dempster Shafer Untuk Menganalisa Penyakit Pada Sistem Reproduksi Wanita dengan Solusi Penanganan Obat Herbal sehingga dapat membantu orang awam yaitu wanita dan pakar kesehatan organ reproduksi wanita untuk mendiagnosa penyakit pada organ reproduksi wanita yang disertai dengan persentase kenyakinan terjangkitnya penyakit pada organ reproduksi wanita dengan menggunakan metode demster shafer dan sistem pakar dapat memberikan informasi tentang penyakit seputar organ reproduksi wanita. Kata Kunci : Sistem Pakar, Sistem Reproduksi, Waterfall, Java,UML

Methamphetamine induces heme oxygenase-1 expression in cortical neurons and glia to prevent its toxicity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang, Y.-N.; Wu, C.-H.; Lin, T.-C.; Wang, J.-Y.

2009-01-01

The impairment of cognitive and motor functions in humans and animals caused by methamphetamine (METH) administration underscores the importance of METH toxicity in cortical neurons. The heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) exerts a cytoprotective effect against various neuronal injures; however, it remains unclear whether HO-1 is involved in METH-induced toxicity. We used primary cortical neuron/glia cocultures to explore the role of HO-1 in METH-induced toxicity. Exposure of cultured cells to various concentrations of METH (0.1, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, and 10 mM) led to cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner. A METH concentration of 5 mM, which caused 50% of neuronal death and glial activation, was chosen for subsequent experiments. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis revealed that METH significantly induced HO-1 mRNA and protein expression, both preceded cell death. Double and triple immunofluorescence staining further identified HO-1-positive cells as activated astrocytes, microglia, and viable neurons, but not dying neurons. Inhibition of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway significantly blocked HO-1 induction by METH and aggravated METH neurotoxicity. Inhibition of HO activity using tin protoporphyrine IX significantly reduced HO activity and exacerbated METH neurotoxicity. However, prior induction of HO-1 using cobalt protoporphyrine IX partially protected neurons from METH toxicity. Taken together, our results suggest that induction of HO-1 by METH via the p38 signaling pathway may be protective, albeit insufficient to completely protect cortical neurons from METH toxicity.

Oxaliplatin-induced Oxidative Stress Provokes Toxicity in Isolated Rat Liver Mitochondria.

Science.gov (United States)

Tabassum, Heena; Waseem, Mohammad; Parvez, Suhel; Qureshi, M Irfan

2015-11-01

Oxaliplatin is a widely employed platinum-derived chemotherapeutic agent commonly used for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Unfortunately, the benefit of this important drug is compromised by severe side effects such as neuropathy, ototoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, and hematological toxicity. Recently, few studies have also suggested the occurrence of hepatotoxicity in oxaliplatin-treated patients. Mitochondria have emerged as targets for anticancer drugs in various kinds of toxicity including hepatotoxicity that can lead to neoplastic disease. Oxidative stress is a well-established biomarker of mitochondrial toxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dose-dependent damage caused by oxaliplatin on isolated liver mitochondria under in vitro conditions. The study was conducted in mitochondria isolated from liver of Wistar rats. Oxaliplatin was incubated with mitochondria in a dose-dependent manner under in vitro conditions. Oxidative stress indexes, non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants were evaluated, looking at the overall armamentarium against the toxicity induced by oxaliplatin. Oxaliplatin caused a significant rise in the mitochondrial oxidative stress indexes lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl. Alterations in the levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants and activities of enzymatic antioxidants were also observed. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the mitochondrial toxicity of oxaliplatin. The integrity of the hepatic tissue is compromised by the reactive oxygen species-mediated lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl formation. Copyright © 2015 IMSS. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Actively Shaken In-Situ Passive Sampler Platform for Methylmercury and Organics

Science.gov (United States)

2016-02-01

from a risk standpoint, methylmercury (MeHg), and to identify a polymer partitioning approach by developing and testing a range of polymeric ...an assortment of thiolated polymers for use in pharmaceuticals, where their ability to form sulfide bonds confers mucoadhesive properties that...agarose. The thiolated polymers tested in this set leached sulfur into solution, causing analytical interferences and confounding the results. For

Methylmercury dynamics at the upland-peatland interface: Topographic and hydrogeochemical controls

Science.gov (United States)

Carl P. J. Mitchell; Brian A. Branfireun; Randall K. Kolka

2009-01-01

Peatlands are important environments for the transformation of atmospherically deposited inorganic mercury into the bioaccumulative form, methylmercury (MeHg), which may accumulate in downstream aquatic biota, particularly in fish. In recent research, it was suggested that MeHg production and/or accumulation ‘‘hot spots’’ at the upland-peatland interface were the...

Model Servqual Dengan Pendekatan Structural Equation Modeling (Studi Pada Mahasiswa Sistem Informasi)

OpenAIRE

Nurfaizal, Yusmedi

2015-01-01

Penelitian ini berjudul “MODEL SERVQUAL DENGAN PENDEKATAN STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING (Studi Pada Mahasiswa Sistem Informasi)”. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui model Servqual dengan pendekatan Structural Equation Modeling pada mahasiswa sistem informasi. Peneliti memutuskan untuk mengambil sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Untuk menguji model digunakan analisis SEM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tangibility, reliability responsiveness, assurance dan emphaty mempunyai pengaruh...

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pengalokasian Spare Part

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Rita Wiryasaputra

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Abstrak Era informasi yang semakin berkembang mempengaruhi lingkungan bisnis. Pengaruhnya dapat dilihat pada proses pengambilan keputusan. Proses pengambilan keputusan terhadap sejumlah alternatif dan sejumlah tujuan diselesaikan dengan sebuah sistem. Sistem  yang bermodelkan Multi Attribute Decision Making (MADM dan Multi Objective Decision Making (MODM. Model MODM digunakan untuk menyelesaikan perancangan alternatif terbaik dan model MADM digunakan untuk menyelesaikan penyeleksian terhadap beberapa alternatif dalam jumlah yang terbatas. Salah satu pendekatan model MADM adalah TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution. Konsep utama TOPSIS adalah alternatif preferensi terbaik memiliki jarak terpendek dari solusi ideal positif dan memiliki jarak terjauh dari solusi ideal negatif. Hasil metode TOPSIS adalah perankingan terhadap sejumlah alternatif. Salah satu masukan dari metode TOPSIS adalah nilai pembobotan kriteria. Nilai pembobotan kriteria dapat diberikan secara langsung oleh pengambil keputusan atau dihitung melalui sebuah metode. Penelitian akan menghitung nilai pembobotan kriteria dengan metode Entropy. Tujuannya adalah untuk memberikan objektifitas pembobotan kriteria. Penelitian mengangkat kasus tentang pengalokasian spare part ke sejumlah store. Alternatif terbaik dengan sumber daya yang terbatas, beberapa tujuan yang saling bertentangan didekati dengan metode Goal programming. Pengambilan keputusan akan lebih terarah karena sistem menghasilkan perankingan store spare part, dan menampilkan  informasi alokasi spare part.   Kata kunci— Sistem Pendukung Keputusan, Entropy, TOPSIS, Goal Programming   Abstract The capabilities of computrized systems facilitate decision support in a number of ways, such as speed computations, increased productivity ,improved data management and others. Decisions are often made by individuals. There may be conflicting objectives even for a  decision maker. The conflicting

Hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of methylmercury in human hair and sludge samples

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jiang Hongmei [Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (China); Hu Bin [Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (China)], E-mail: binhu@whu.edu.cn; Chen Beibei; Zu Wanqing [Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072 (China)

2008-07-15

Two methods, based on hollow fiber liquid-liquid-liquid (three phase) microextraction (HF-LLLME) and hollow fiber liquid phase (two phase) microextraction (HF-LPME), have been developed and critically compared for the determination of methylmercury content in human hair and sludge by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). In HF-LPME, methylmercury was extracted into the organic phase (toluene) prior to its determination by GFAAS, while inorganic mercury remained as a free species in the sample solution. In HF-LLLME, methylmercury was first extracted into the organic phase (toluene) and then into the acceptor phase (4% thiourea in 1 mol L{sup -1} HCl) prior to its determination by GFAAS, while inorganic mercury remained in the sample solution. The total mercury was determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and the levels of inorganic mercury in both HF-LLLME and HF-LPME were obtained by subtracting methylmercury from total mercury. The factors affecting the microextraction of methylmercury, including organic solvent, extraction time, stirring rate and ionic strength, were investigated and the optimal extraction conditions were established for both HF-LLLPME and HF-LPME. With a consumption of 3.0 mL of the sample solution, the enrichment factors were 204 and 55 for HF-LLLPME and HF-LPME, respectively. The limits of detection (LODs) for methylmercury were 0.1 {mu}g L{sup -1} and 0.4 {mu}g L{sup -1} (as Hg) with precisions (RSDs (%), c = 5 {mu}g L{sup -1} (as Hg), n = 5) of 13% and 11% for HF-LLLPME-GFAAS and HF-LPME-GFAAS, respectively. For ICP-MS determination of total mercury, a limit of detection of 39 ng L{sup -} {sup 1} was obtained. Finally, HF-LLLME-GFAAS was applied to the determination of methylmercury content in human hair and sludge, and the recoveries for the spiked samples were in the range of 99-113%. In order to validate the method, HF-LLLME-GFAAS was also applied to the analysis of a certified reference

Ameliorative role of nano-ceria against amine coated Ag-NP induced toxicity in Labeo rohita

Science.gov (United States)

Khan, Muhammad Saleem; Qureshi, Naureen Aziz; Jabeen, Farhat

2018-03-01

Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and its byproducts can spread pollution in aquatic habitat. Liver and gills are key target for toxicity. Oxidative stress, tissue alterations, and hemotoxicity are assumed to be associated with Ag-NPs in target animals. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nano-ceria) show antioxidant potential in scavenging the free radicals generated in Ag-NP-induced oxidative stress. We determined ameliorated role of nano-ceria against Ag-NP-induced toxicity in fresh water Labeo rohita (L. rohita). Four groups were used in study including control, nano-ceria, Ag-NPs, and Ag-NPs + nano-ceria. Ag-NPs (30 mg l-1) and nano-ceria (50 µg kg-1) were given through water and prepared feed, respectively. The samples were taken after 28 days. Results demonstrated that pre-treatment of nano-ceria recovered L. rohita from Ag-NP-induced toxicity and oxidative stress. Nano-ceria pre-treatment actively mimics the activity of GST, GSH, CAT, and SOD. Furthermore, Ag-NPs' treatment caused severe inflammation and necrosis in hepatic parenchyma which leaded to congestion of blood in hepatic tissues. Accumulation of a yellow pigment in hepatic tissue was also seen due to necrosis of affected cells. In nano-ceria pre-treatment, there was no congestion in hepatic tissue. Vacuolization of cells and necrosis in some area was recorded in nano-ceria pre-treated group, but the gill and hepatic tissue showed improvement against Ag-NP-induced damage. Nano-ceria pre-treatment also improved hematological parameters in Ag-NP-treated fish. This study concluded that Ag-NP-induced toxicity in treated fish and pre-treatment of nano-ceria show ameliorative role.

Evaluasi Unjuk Kerja Sistem Proteksi Water Hammer pada Sistem Perpipaan (Studi Kasus Di Rumah Pompa Produksi Unit Instalasi Pengolahan Air Minum (IPAM Karang Pilang 2 PT. PDAM Surya Sembada Surabaya

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Handi Prasetya

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Sistem jaringan perpipaan merupakan komponen penting dalam menunjang produksi maupun distribusi pada sektor industri. Jaringan perpipaan mengalami beberapa fenomena seperti distribusi fluida dan water hammer. Water hammer sering terjadi di daerah discharge pompa pada saat pengoperasian pompa maupun pada saat kegagalan operasi pompa. Beberapa cara untuk mengurangi dampak water hammer adalah dengan menambahkan flywheel ataupun gas accumulator pada jaringan perpipaan. Lonjakan tekanan serta aliran balik yang terjadi akibat fenomena water hammer akan dilawan oleh putaran impeller  pompa yang dibebani oleh flywheel dan akan memperlambat lonjakan tekanan dalam pipa dan tekanan yang berlebih akan dibuang ke gas accumulator sehingga tekanan dalam pipa berangsur stabil. Pemodelan sistem perpipaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan software sistem perpipaan. Pemodelan yang disimulasikan merupakan sistem perpipaan dengan rangkaian pompa paralel yang dilengkapi flywheel pada instalasi pompa dan divariasikan dengan penambahan gas accumulator sebagai sistem proteksi water hammer. Analisa yang dilakukan adalah untuk mempelajari fenomena water hammer pada saat kondisi ekstrim yakni ketika dua pompa operasi mati dan juga ketika empat pompa operasi mati, untuk melihat pengaruh variasi ukuran flywheel terhadap fluktuasi tekanan yang terjadi. Ukuran flywheel divariasikan yakni ukuran diameter luar 1100mm, 1200mm dan 1300mm dengan tebal masing-masing 300mm, 400mm dan 500mm. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa pada sistem perpipaan tanpa menggunakan gas accumulator, tekanan maksimum yang terjadi pada discharge pompa mencapai 19,807 bar dari kondisi tekanan kerjanya 5,6 bar. Variasi ukuran flywheel memberi dampak pada perlambatan terjadinya lonjakan tekanan, semakin besar ukuran flywheel akan menunda terjadinya lonjakan tekanan akibat water hammer. Dan penambahan gas accumulator berperan dalam meredam serta mempersingkat waktu terjadinya lonjakan tekanan, sehingga fluktuasi

Hair methylmercury levels of mummies of the Aleutian Islands, Alaska

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Egeland, G.M.; Ponce, Rafael; Bloom, Nicolas S.; Knecht, Rick; Loring, Stephen; Middaugh, John P.

2009-01-01

Ancient human hair specimens can shed light on the extent of pre-historic exposures to methylmercury and provide valuable comparison data with current-day exposures, particularly for Indigenous Peoples who continue to rely upon local traditional food resources. Human hair from ancient Aleutian Island Native remains were tested for total and methylmercury (Hg, MeHg) and were radiocarbon dated. The remains were approximately 500 years old (1450 A.D.). For four adults, the mean and median total hair mercury concentration was 5.8 ppm (SD=0.9). In contrast, MeHg concentrations were lower with a mean of 1.2 ppm (SD=1.8) and a median of 0.54 ppm (0.12-3.86). For the five infants, the mean and median MeHg level was 1.2 ppm (SD=1.8) and 0.20 ppm (0.007-4.61), respectively. Segmental analyses showed variations in MeHg concentrations in 1-cm segments, consistent with fluctuations in naturally occurring exposure to mercury through dietary sources. The levels are comparable to or lower than those found in fish and marine mammal-eating populations today who rely far less on subsistence food than pre-historic humans. The findings are, therefore, compatible with increased anthropogenic release of trace metals during the past several centuries

Toxic effects of dietary methylmercury on immune function and hematology in American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Science.gov (United States)

Fallacara, Dawn M.; Halbrook, Richard S.; French, John B.

2011-01-01

Fifty-nine adult male American kestrels (Falco sparverius) were assigned to one of three diet formulations including 0 (control), 0.6, and 3.9 μg/g (dry wt) methylmercury (MeHg). Kestrels received their diets daily for 13 weeks to assess the effects of dietary MeHg on immunocompetence. Immunotoxic endpoints included assessment of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) using the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) skin-swelling assay and primary and secondary antibody-mediated immune responses (IR) via the sheep red blood cell (SRBC) hemagglutination assay. Select hematology and histology parameters were evaluated to corroborate the results of functional assays and to assess immunosuppression of T and B cell-dependent components in spleen tissue. Kestrels in the 0.6 and 3.9 μg/g MeHg groups exhibited suppression of CMI, including lower PHA stimulation indexes (p = 0.019) and a 42 to 45% depletion of T cell-dependent splenic lymphoid tissue (p = 0.006). Kestrels in the 0.6 μg/g group exhibited suppression of the primary IR to SRBCs (p = 0.014). MeHg did not have a noticeable effect on the secondary IR (p = 0.166). Elevation of absolute heterophil counts (p p p = 0.003) was apparent in the 3.9 μg/g group at week 12. Heterophilia, or the excess of heterophils in peripheral blood above normal ranges, was apparent in seven of 17 (41%) kestrels in the 3.9 μg/g group and was indicative of an acute inflammatory response or physiological stress. This study revealed that adult kestrels were more sensitive to immunotoxic effects of MeHg at environmentally relevant dietary concentrations than they were to reproductive effects as previously reported.

Stability of inorganic mercury and methylmercury on yeast-silica gel microcolumns: field sampling capabilities