Assessing mechanisms of toxicant response in the amphipod Melita plumulosa through transcriptomic profiling.

Science.gov (United States)

Hook, Sharon E; Osborn, Hannah L; Spadaro, David A; Simpson, Stuart L

2014-01-01

This study describes the function of transcripts with altered abundance in the epibenthic amphipod, Melita plumulosa, following whole-sediment exposure to a series of common environmental contaminants. M. plumulosa were exposed for 48 h to sediments spiked and equilibrated with the following contaminants at concentrations predicted to cause sublethal effects to reproduction: porewater ammonia 30 mg L(-1); bifenthrin at 100 μg kg(-1); fipronil at 50 μg kg(-1); 0.6% diesel; 0.3% crude oil; 250 mg Cu kg(-1); 400 mg Ni kg(-1); and 400 mg Zn kg(-1). RNA was extracted and hybridized against a custom Agilent microarray developed for this species. Although the microarray represented a partial transcriptome and not all features on the array could be annotated, unique transcriptomic profiles were generated for each of the contaminant exposures. Hierarchical clustering grouped the expression profiles together by contaminant class, with copper and zinc, the petroleum products and nickel, and the pesticides each forming a distinct cluster. Many of the transcriptional changes observed were consistent with patterns previously described in other crustaceans. The changes in the transcriptome demonstrated that contaminant exposure caused changes in digestive function, growth and moulting, and the cytoskeleton following metal exposure, whereas exposure to petroleum products caused changes in carbohydrate metabolism, xenobiotic metabolism and hormone cycling. Functional analysis of these gene expression profiles can provide a better understanding of modes of toxic action and permits the prediction of mixture effects within contaminated ecosystems. Crown Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Genetic and life-history trait variation of the amphipod Melita plumulosa from polluted and unpolluted waterways in eastern Australia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chung, Pann Pann; Hyne, Ross V.; Mann, Reinier M.; Ballard, J. William O.

2008-01-01

To monitor genetic diversity and environmental contamination in eastern Australia, toxicity studies have employed the sensitive benthic amphipod Melita plumulosa. The goal of this study was to examine the genetic and life-history variability of natural populations of M. plumulosa from the Parramatta (polluted) and Hawkesbury (unpolluted) Rivers. The underlying genetics of the populations in these distinct waterways was examined at one mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI)) and one nuclear (ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS1)) locus. Seven unique haplotypes for COI were found amongst animals from the Parramatta River, while animals from the Hawkesbury River showed a complete absence of genetic variation at this locus. At ITS1 a total of two sequence variants were found amongst Parramatta River amphipods and three sequence variants among Hawkesbury River animals, with no common variants across the two river systems. To establish whether genetic differences were associated with organismal responses to toxicant exposure, two life-history trait variables (female head length as an estimator of amphipod size and female fecundity) were analyzed. Life-history trait analyses showed that females from the Hawkesbury River were significantly larger and more fecund. These data have critical implications for toxicity tests, the use of laboratory cultures for testing purposes, and environmental contamination in Sydney Harbor

Genetic and life-history trait variation of the amphipod Melita plumulosa from polluted and unpolluted waterways in eastern Australia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chung, Pann Pann [Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052 (Australia); Hyne, Ross V. [Ecotoxicology and Environmental Contaminants Section, NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change, PO Box 29, Lidcombe, NSW 1825 (Australia); Mann, Reinier M. [Centre for Ecotoxicology, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Technology-Sydney, C/-PO Box 29, Lidcombe, NSW 1825 (Australia); Ballard, J. William O. [Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052 (Australia)], E-mail: w.ballard@unsw.edu.au

2008-09-15

To monitor genetic diversity and environmental contamination in eastern Australia, toxicity studies have employed the sensitive benthic amphipod Melita plumulosa. The goal of this study was to examine the genetic and life-history variability of natural populations of M. plumulosa from the Parramatta (polluted) and Hawkesbury (unpolluted) Rivers. The underlying genetics of the populations in these distinct waterways was examined at one mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI)) and one nuclear (ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS1)) locus. Seven unique haplotypes for COI were found amongst animals from the Parramatta River, while animals from the Hawkesbury River showed a complete absence of genetic variation at this locus. At ITS1 a total of two sequence variants were found amongst Parramatta River amphipods and three sequence variants among Hawkesbury River animals, with no common variants across the two river systems. To establish whether genetic differences were associated with organismal responses to toxicant exposure, two life-history trait variables (female head length as an estimator of amphipod size and female fecundity) were analyzed. Life-history trait analyses showed that females from the Hawkesbury River were significantly larger and more fecund. These data have critical implications for toxicity tests, the use of laboratory cultures for testing purposes, and environmental contamination in Sydney Harbor.

Melita Rojic’s Postcards in the National Gallery’s Archives

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Lidija Tavčar

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Until now it has not yet been emphasized that Melita Rojic (1879-1924, a woman from Gorica, was a member of the academic society Vesna. This article is an attempt to show that the painter internalized the tasks of the society and that this indirectly influenced her choice of her “ethnological” motifs. What is more, she fulfilled an important requirement of the society: publishing postcard motifs. The article also focuses on the as-yet-unpublished correspondence between the painter and the editor of Slovan, Fran Ilešič, a correspondence that contains a preserved handwritten biography of Rojic. After the Second World War Gorica became a part of Italy and, not being familiar with the biography of Rojic, National Gallery Director Karel Dobida (1896–1964 corresponded with the painter’s cousin to acquire information about her life in order to compile a lexicon headword. For the first time, the article reveals the correspondence between Dobida and Pavla Makuc, who passed on to him eleven printed postcards by Rojic. The landscape motifs undoubtedly display a documentary value. This type of site depiction also represents a continuation of the former vedute painting; moreover, contemporaries consider them to be the only witness of former views of Slovenian sites – not only panoramas but also views of individual specific areas.

Incorporating bioavailability into management limits for copper in sediments contaminated by antifouling paint used in aquaculture.

Science.gov (United States)

Simpson, Stuart L; Spadaro, David A; O'Brien, Dom

2013-11-01

Although now well embedded within many risk-based sediment quality guideline (SQG) frameworks, contaminant bioavailability is still often overlooked in assessment and management of contaminated sediments. To optimise management limits for metal contaminated sediments, we assess the appropriateness of a range methods for modifying SQGs based on bioavailability considerations. The impairment of reproduction of the amphipod, Melita plumulosa, and harpacticoid copepod, Nitocra spinipes, was assessed for sediments contaminated with copper from antifouling paint, located below aquaculture cages. The measurement of dilute acid-extractable copper (AE-Cu) was found to provide the most useful means for monitoring the risks posed by sediment copper and setting management limits. Acid-volatile sulfide was found to be ineffective as a SQG-modifying factor as these organisms live mostly at the more oxidised sediment water interface. SQGs normalised to %-silt/organic carbon were effective, but the benefits gained were too small to justify this approach. The effectiveness of SQGs based on AE-Cu was attributed to a small portion of the total copper being present in potentially bioavailable forms (typicallycopper was likely present as paint flakes in the form of copper (I) oxide, the active ingredient of the antifoulant formulation. While the concentrations of paint-associated copper are very high in some sediments, as the transformation of this form of copper to AE-Cu appears slow, monitoring and management limits should assess the more bioavailable AE-Cu forms, and further efforts be made to limit the release of paint particles into the environment. Crown Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Journal of Biosciences | Indian Academy of Sciences

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Home; Journals; Journal of Biosciences. Anshu Aggarwal. Articles written in Journal of Biosciences. Volume 27 Issue 4 July 2002 pp 339-346 Articles. Place prioritization for biodiversity content · Sahotra Sarkar Anshu Aggarwal Justin Garson Chris R Margules Juliane Zeidler · More Details Abstract Fulltext PDF.

Combining Low-Energy Electrical Resistance Heating with Biotic and Abiotic Reactions for Treatment of Chlorinated Solvent DNAPL Source Area

Science.gov (United States)

2012-12-01

DEPTH DRILLED INTO ROCK NIA 18. TOTAL CORE RECOVERY FOR BORING 9. TOTAL DEPTH OF HOLE 3o.o I 19. SIGNATURE OF INSPECT/’fi1’ ~V.U.. ELEVATION...EPA/540/-93/ 505 , U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH. Farrell, J., Kason, M., Melitas, N., Li

Secondary School Students' Understanding of Science and Their Socioscientific Reasoning

Science.gov (United States)

Karahan, Engin; Roehrig, Gillian

2017-01-01

Research in socioscientific issue (SSI)-based interventions is relatively new (Sadler in "Journal of Research in Science Teaching" 41:513-536, 2004; Zeidler et al. in "Journal of Research in Science Teaching" 46:74-101, 2009), and there is a need for understanding more about the effects of SSI-based learning environments…

Growth, Characterization and Device Development in Monocrystalline Diamond Films

Science.gov (United States)

1991-09-30

the conduction mechanisms. Research supported by SD10/1IST & managed by Wright Laboratory 1. J.A. Herb , C. Bailey, K.V. Ravi, and P.A. Dennig, "The...1982 from [951 K. L Moazed, R. Nguyen, and J. R. Zeidler, "Ohmic contacts National Taiwan University, Taiwan , ROC. to semiconducting diamond," IEEE

Collaborating on Global Priorities: Science Education for Everyone--Any Time and Everywhere

Science.gov (United States)

Tobin, Kenneth

2016-01-01

Building on the key ideas from Dana Zeidler's paper I expand the conversation from the standpoint that the challenges facing humanity and the capacity of Earth to support life suggest that changes in human lifestyles are a priority. Accordingly, there is an urgent need to educate all humans about some of the science-related grand challenges, such…

DIKLORO DIFENIL TRIKOLOETAN (DDT

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Siti Alfiah

2013-12-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Invention of Dikloro Difenil Trikoloetan (DDT by Zeidler in 1874 was first began of syntetic insectiside discovery. DDT was classified in chlorinated hydrocarbons. Persistance of DDTin organism and environment have been forbidden to use in  many countries in the world. The resistance of DDT to mosquitoes and flies was reported in 1948. It was caused of change of metabolism, target site insensitivity, phisiology and behaviour mechanism. The problems of DDT could be solved by insecticide substitution which had different method, such as organophosphate and carbamate. Keywords : DDT, insecticide, organochlorine, resistance ABSTRAK Penemuan Dikloro Difenil Trikoloetan (DDT oleh Zeidler pada tahun 1874 mengawali penemuan insektisida sintetik. DDT tergolong dalam hidrokarbon berklor (chlorinated hydrocarbonsatau organochlorines. DDT tidak mudah terurai dan persisten di organisme maupun lingkungan, akibatnya banyak negara di berbagai belahan dunia melarang penggunaan DDT. Pada tahun 1948 sudah mulai dilaporkan terjadinya resistensi DDT pada nyamuk dan lalat. Resistensi serangga terhadap DDT dikarenakan metabolisme yang berubah, target site insensitivity (resistensi karena gen knock-down resistance, mekanisme fisiologis dan perilaku. Masalah yang timbul akibat DDT dapatditangani dengan penggantian insektisida. DDT diganti dengan insektisida yang cara kerjanya berbeda dalam membunuh serangga (resistensi silang negatif, yaitu insektisida golonganorganofosfat atau karbamat. Kata kunci : DDT, insektisida, organokhlorin, resistensi

2018 Ground Robotics Capabilities Conference and Exhibiton

Science.gov (United States)

2018-04-11

visual environment capable • x2 long range target acquisition systems (Stabilized) ( 2G FLIR or 3G FLIR LRAS3) • Lethality: • x1 XM813 30mm remote...AND MILLER BALLROOMS 6 1:35 – 2:15 pm DEFENSE MOBILITY ENTERPRISE SINGLETON BALLROOM Tony Melita Executive Director, National Advanced Mobility ...LUNCH STERNBERG/HAZEL AND MILLER BALLROOMS 8 12:10 – 1:50 pm PANEL—PROTOTYPING SINGLETON BALLROOM Bill Thomasmeyer Consultant, National Advanced Mobility

Dikloro Difenil Trikoloetan (Ddt)

OpenAIRE

Alfiah, Siti

2011-01-01

ABSTRACT Invention of Dikloro Difenil Trikoloetan (DDT) by Zeidler in 1874 was first began of syntetic insectiside discovery. DDT was classified in chlorinated hydrocarbons. Persistance of DDTin organism and environment have been forbidden to use in  many countries in the world. The resistance of DDT to mosquitoes and flies was reported in 1948. It was caused of change of metabolism, target site insensitivity, phisiology and behaviour mechanism. The problems of DDT could be solved by insectic...

Okrugli stol »Migracijskih tema« o položaju (ilegalnih) radnika migranata u povodu izlaska knjige G. Wallraffa »Na samom dnu«

OpenAIRE

1986-01-01

In June of this year »Migracijske teme« and the Centre for Migration and Nationalities Studies organized a round table on occasion of the Yugoslav publication of Giinter Wallraff's latest book Ganz unten (in Croatian translation: »Na samom dnu« (At the very bottom), Zagreb, Liber, 1986). Besides participants from the host institution (Milan Mesić, Melita Švob, Sreća Perunović), researchers and experts were invited from other Yugoslav centres — Peter Klinar (Faculty of Sociology, Political Sci...

Cytogenetic studies of marine organisms in the areas with higher contents of natural radionuclides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tsytsugina, V.G.; Floru, Kh.; Polikarpov, G.G.; Chalulu, K.; Gorbenko, V.P.

2004-01-01

Chromosome aberrations in cells of marine crustaceans and worms have been studied at sites with a high natural radioactivity level (the Black Sea coast at the mountain Karadag in the Crimea and the Ikaria Island in the Aegean Sea, an area around the hydrothermal spa) as well as at sites with the normal natural radiation level. Higher level of chromosome mutagenesis was found in cells of Melita palmata embryos and in germ and somatic cells of Lycastopsis sp. juveniles in the area around the spa. Probably, chromosome aberrations were induced by higher concentrations of natural radionuclides and their radiation in the environment

Acute coronary syndrome associated with Churg-Strauss syndrome

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Annette Doris Wagner

2007-11-01

Full Text Available Annette Doris Wagner1, Gerd Peter Meyer2, Markus Rihl3, Anke Rathmann2, Ulrike Wittkop1, Henning Zeidler4, Hermann Haller1, Joachim Lotz51Department Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology; 2Division of Cardiology; 3Division of Rheumatology; 4Rheumatologikum Hannover; 5Department of Diagnostic Radiology; Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, GermanyAbstract: A 41-year old female patient was admitted with acute onset of dyspnea and chest pain. Previous history revealed asthma, chronic sinusitis and eosinophilic proctitis. Electrocardiogram showed anterior ST-segment elevations and inferior ST-segment depression. Immediate heart catheterization revealed a distally occluded left anterior descending coronary artery, the occlusion being reversible after nitroglycerine. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was consistent with perimyocarditis. Hypereosinophilia and IgE elevation were present and Churg-strauss syndrome was diagnosed.Keywords: Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS, carditis, cardiac MRI

Petroleum investment opportunities in Manitoba - a geological, engineering and economic perspective

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fox, J. N.; Martiniuk, C. D.

1997-01-01

Geology and reservoir characteristics of Manitoba's producing horizons were described, and recent activity in exploration and development prospects for the immediate future were reviewed. These prospects have improved considerably, thanks to recent efforts of the Manitoba Department of Energy and Mines to ensure that barriers to petroleum investment are eliminated. As a result of these and related efforts by the Manitoba government the investment climate is stable and competitive. Advantages in Manitoba include availability of Crown land at comparatively low prices, drilling and exploration incentives, low drilling and completion costs, and easy access to markets. Development drilling opportunities exist for each of Manitoba's five producing formations (the sandstones of the Jurassic Melita and Amaranth formations, and the Mississippian Bakken Formation, and the carbonates of the Mississipian Lodgepole and Mission Canyon formations). Sample economic scenarios run on three development scenarios and modelled after typical Manitoba oil play were very favorable, indicating a potential rate of return on investments of 25 to 37 per cent and pay-out in 2.6 to 3.2 years. 10 refs., 7 tabs., 5 figs

Quantum field theory III. Gauge theory. A bridge between mathematicians and physicists

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeidler, Eberhard

2011-01-01

In this third volume of his modern introduction to quantum field theory, Eberhard Zeidler examines the mathematical and physical aspects of gauge theory as a principle tool for describing the four fundamental forces which act in the universe: gravitative, electromagnetic, weak interaction and strong interaction. Volume III concentrates on the classical aspects of gauge theory, describing the four fundamental forces by the curvature of appropriate fiber bundles. This must be supplemented by the crucial, but elusive quantization procedure. The book is arranged in four sections, devoted to realizing the universal principle force equals curvature: Part I: The Euclidean Manifold as a Paradigm Part II: Ariadne's Thread in Gauge Theory Part III: Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity Part IV: Ariadne's Thread in Cohomology For students of mathematics the book is designed to demonstrate that detailed knowledge of the physical background helps to reveal interesting interrelationships among diverse mathematical topics. Physics students will be exposed to a fairly advanced mathematics, beyond the level covered in the typical physics curriculum. Quantum Field Theory builds a bridge between mathematicians and physicists, based on challenging questions about the fundamental forces in the universe (macrocosmos), and in the world of elementary particles (microcosmos). (orig.)

Quantum field theory III. Gauge theory. A bridge between mathematicians and physicists

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zeidler, Eberhard [Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Leipzig (Germany)

2011-07-01

In this third volume of his modern introduction to quantum field theory, Eberhard Zeidler examines the mathematical and physical aspects of gauge theory as a principle tool for describing the four fundamental forces which act in the universe: gravitative, electromagnetic, weak interaction and strong interaction. Volume III concentrates on the classical aspects of gauge theory, describing the four fundamental forces by the curvature of appropriate fiber bundles. This must be supplemented by the crucial, but elusive quantization procedure. The book is arranged in four sections, devoted to realizing the universal principle force equals curvature: Part I: The Euclidean Manifold as a Paradigm Part II: Ariadne's Thread in Gauge Theory Part III: Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity Part IV: Ariadne's Thread in Cohomology For students of mathematics the book is designed to demonstrate that detailed knowledge of the physical background helps to reveal interesting interrelationships among diverse mathematical topics. Physics students will be exposed to a fairly advanced mathematics, beyond the level covered in the typical physics curriculum. Quantum Field Theory builds a bridge between mathematicians and physicists, based on challenging questions about the fundamental forces in the universe (macrocosmos), and in the world of elementary particles (microcosmos). (orig.)

Collaborating on global priorities: science education for everyone—any time and everywhere

Science.gov (United States)

Tobin, Kenneth

2016-03-01

Building on the key ideas from Dana Zeidler's paper I expand the conversation from the standpoint that the challenges facing humanity and the capacity of Earth to support life suggest that changes in human lifestyles are a priority. Accordingly, there is an urgent need to educate all humans about some of the science-related grand challenges, such as global warming and wellness. The key is to enact programs that have relevance to all citizens, irrespective of: age, location, language proficiency, economic resources, religion, gender, sexual preference, and level of prior education. Since significant changes are needed in human lifestyles the current emphasis on preK-12 science education needs to be expanded to cover all humans and the places in which education occurs should be everywhere. I explore the use of a multilogical framework to conceptualize science and thereby transform science education in ways that better relate to priorities of wellness and harmony in the ecosystems that sustain life on Earth. I illustrate the potential of multilogicality in a context of complementary medicine, using three frameworks: Jin Shin Jyutsu, an ancient system of medicine; a diet to reduce inflammation; and iridology. Use of a multilogical framework to conceptualize science provides opportunities for science education to focus on education for literate citizenry (birth-death) and responsible action, connect to the massive challenges of the present, and select content that has high relevance to sustainability, wellness, and well-being at local, national, and global levels.