Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Cervical Neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rungoe, Christine; Simonsen, Jacob; Riis, Lene

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND & AIMS: We examined the risk of cervical neoplasia (dysplasia or cancer) in women with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD). We also calculated the reverse, the risk for diagnosis with cervical neoplasia before development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: We...... established a national cohort of women diagnosed with UC (n = 18,691) or CD (n = 8717) between 1979 and 2011 and a control cohort of individually matched women from the general population (controls, n = 1,508,334). Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of screening activity and diagnosis of cervical neoplasia in women...... with IBD were assessed by Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) of cervical neoplasia before diagnosis of IBD were calculated by using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Women with CD underwent cervical cancer screening as often as women in the general population (IRR, 0...

Actualización del diagnóstico y tratamiento de la neoplasia intraepitelial vulvar.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafael E. Pérez Castro

2011-09-01

Full Text Available La Neoplasia Intraepitelial Vulvar (NIV constituye lesiones potencialmente premalignas del epitelio escamoso de la vulva con diversos grados de diferenciación celular y maduración. En el aspecto histológico son hiperplasia de las células basales y parabasales, además tienen características genéticas morfológicas y metabólicas similares a las células cancerosas. Son etapas previas a la enfermedad. Generalmente las NIV se diagnostican como lesiones de alto grado (NIV I, II y III o carcinoma in situ. Alrededor del 5% progresan a la malignidad. Técnicamente puede ser un diagnóstico fácil, pero en la práctica no resulta así, siendo la vulvoscopia la principal arma para su diagnóstico. Estudios realizados en los últimos años señalan que aumenta cada vez más en mujeres más jóvenes, en pacientes con infección por HPV, en pacientes con neoplasia cervical intraepitelial o en cáncer en otras localizaciones del extracto genital inferior. Para tomar una decisión terapéutica hay que tener en cuenta: la edad de la paciente, la localización de las lesiones (áreas pilosas y no pilosas o descartar siempre un cáncer invasor y no invasor. Los tratamientos de lección pueden ser, extirpación local, vulvahectomía cutania parcial o total, destrucción con crioterapia o láser y técnicas combinadas de escisión o ablación. La conducta expectante valorando algunas características es la tendencia actual.

Fractal analysis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Markus Fabrizii

Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN represent precursor lesions of cervical cancer. These neoplastic lesions are traditionally subdivided into three categories CIN 1, CIN 2, and CIN 3, using microscopical criteria. The relation between grades of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN and its fractal dimension was investigated to establish a basis for an objective diagnosis using the method proposed. METHODS: Classical evaluation of the tissue samples was performed by an experienced gynecologic pathologist. Tissue samples were scanned and saved as digital images using Aperio scanner and software. After image segmentation the box counting method as well as multifractal methods were applied to determine the relation between fractal dimension and grades of CIN. A total of 46 images were used to compare the pathologist's neoplasia grades with the predicted groups obtained by fractal methods. RESULTS: Significant or highly significant differences between all grades of CIN could be found. The confusion matrix, comparing between pathologist's grading and predicted group by fractal methods showed a match of 87.1%. Multifractal spectra were able to differentiate between normal epithelium and low grade as well as high grade neoplasia. CONCLUSION: Fractal dimension can be considered to be an objective parameter to grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Detection of colorectal neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wilhelmsen, Michael; Christensen, Ib J; Rasmussen, Louise

2017-01-01

Serological biomarkers may be an option for early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). The present study assessed eight cancer-associated protein biomarkers in plasma from subjects undergoing first time ever colonoscopy due to symptoms attributable to colorectal neoplasia. Plasma AFP, CA19-9, CEA...... value was 18% and the negative predictive value was 97%. Combinations of serological protein biomarkers provided a significant identification of subjects with high risk of the presence of colorectal neoplasia. The present set of biomarkers could become important adjunct in early detection of CRC....

Segunda neoplasia en cáncer de cabeza y cuello. Incidencia y factores de riesgo

OpenAIRE

Venegas Pizarro, M. del Prado

2004-01-01

Consultable des del TDX Títol obtingut de la portada digitalitzada El objetivo de esta tesis es el de evaluar la hipótesis de que la persistencia de los hábitos tóxicos en los pacientes que han sido diagnosticados y tratados de un carcinoma de cabeza y cuello influye de forma significativa en la posibilidad de aparición de una segunda neoplasia a nivel de las vías aerodigestivas.

La neoplasia sólida-pseudopapilar del páncreas como entidad enigmática

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Blanco Faramiñán

Full Text Available El tumor sólido-pseudopapilar del páncreas, conocido también como tumor de Frantz, es una rara enfermedad. Afecta principalmente a mujeres jóvenes, no blancas. Tiene componentes sólidos y quísticos. Constituye una neoplasia maligna con un pronóstico, generalmente alentador. Realizamos una revisión de la literatura con el objetivo de actualizar algunos puntos clave acerca del tema. Se incluyeron para la búsqueda las siguientes palabras claves: “tumor sólido-quístico”, “tumor quístico papilar”, “pseudopapilar”, “sólido y quístico”, “tumor de páncreas”, “tumor pancreático”, “neoplasia del páncreas”, “neoplasia pancreática”, “sólido pseudopapilar” y “tumor de Frantz”. Los acápites que desarrollamos son patogénesis, biología molecular, patología, características clínicas, imaginología y diagnóstico, tratamiento y por último pronóstico. Existen algunos aspectos no bien dilucidados en estos tumores. Por ejemplo, se necesitan más investigaciones en áreas como patogénesis, biología molecular y tratamiento no quirúrgico.

Virus como inductores de neoplasias cutáneas Viruses as agents inducing cutaneous neoplasms

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Bravo Puccio

2013-03-01

Full Text Available El rol oncogénico de los virus en las neoplasias cutáneas es conocido por el hombre desde hace más de un siglo, cuando se atribuía el origen de la verruga vulgar al virus papiloma humano (VPH. En la actualidad, las neoplasias inducidas por virus pueden agruparse en tumores sólidos y procesos linfoproliferativos. Destacan entre los primeros el VPH, del cual ahora conocemos numerosos serotipos, cada uno vinculado a una neoplasia específica, el herpesvirus humano tipo 8 que produce el sarcoma de Kaposi y el poliomavirus vinculado al carcinoma de Merkel. Entre los procesos linfoproliferativos debemos mencionar al virus linfotrópico de células T humanas tipo 1 (HTLV-1 responsable de los linfomas de células T, en los cuales el compromiso cutáneo es inespecífico, con un amplio espectro de presentaciones clínicas y, que por consiguiente, plantean un reto para el diagnóstico diferencial. En este grupo también se encuentra el virus Epstein Barr vinculado a los linfomas nasales de Células NK/T y a los linfomas tipo Hidroa, de reciente descripción. En esta era en la que lo genético y lo molecular priman en las investigaciones en cáncer, no podemos dejar de lado el concepto de neoplasia como resultado de la infección por un agente viral, lo que abre una nueva veta de posibilidades de tratamiento anticanceroso basado en medicamentos antiviralesThe oncogenic role of viruses in cutaneous neoplasms has been known by humankind for more than a century, when the origin of the common wart, or verruca vulgaris, was attributed to the human papilloma virus (HPV. Currently, virus-induced cutaneous neoplasms may be grouped into solid tumors and lymphoproliferative disorders. HPV, from which various serotypes are now known, each being linked to a specific neoplasm, the human herpes virus type 8 producing Kaposi sarcoma, and the Merkel cell polyomavirus, highlight among the first group. Regarding the lymphoproliferative disorders, we should mention the

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, acromegaly, and colorectal neoplasia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Tobi, M; Cats, A; Maliakkal, BJ; Kinzie, JL; Maliakkal, R; Dullaart, RPF; Luk, GD

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) and acromegaly are two hypersecretory states in which colorectal neoplasia has been described, but the incidence in the former condition may not be increased. We describe four patients with colorectal neoplasia associated with the ZES and review other published

Lobular neoplasia: frequency and association with other breast lesions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gobbi Helenice

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Using new molecular biology techniques, recent studies have implicated a common evolutionary pathway between lobular neoplasia, lobular carcinomas, and columnar cell lesions. Our aims were to assess the frequency of lobular neoplasia in a series of breast biopsies that were performed and examined in the same institution and to analyze the association between subtypes of lobular neoplasia and benign and malignant breast lesions. Methods Cases were selected after reviewing archived pathological reports in the Breast Pathology Laboratory, School of Medicine of Federal University of Minas Gerais (1999-2008. Cases of lobular neoplasia were reviewed and classified as atypical lobular hyperplasia, ductal involvement by cells of atypical lobular hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in situ, and pleomorphic lobular carcinoma in situ. Coexistence of lobular neoplasia with other breast lesions, including columnar cell lesions, invasive ductal carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma, was evaluated. The association between lobular neoplasia and breast lesions was analyzed by Fisher's exact test and chi-square test for linear trend. Results We analyzed 5650 breast specimens, selecting 135 breast specimens (2.4% that had a diagnosis of lobular neoplasia, corresponding to 106 patients. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides were available for 84 cases, 5 of which were excluded because they contained only "indeterminate" in situ lesions. Of the 79 remaining cases, columnar cell lesions were present in 78.5%, primarily with columnar cell changes without atypia (67.7%. Invasive carcinoma was present in 45.6% of cases of lobular neoplasia--a similar frequency (47.2% as invasive ductal carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma. We noted a significant linear trend (p in situ compared with atypical lobular hyperplasia. Invasive lobular carcinomas were associated with lobular carcinoma in situ in 33% of cases, compared with 2.8% of atypical lobular

Niveles séricos de los factores de crecimiento similares a la insulina I y II y su proteína 3 de enlace en mujeres con lesiones escamosas intraepiteliales y cáncer de cuello uterino

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Martha Lucía Serrano

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Introducción. La citología cervico-uterina como prueba de tamizaje del cáncer cervical tiene limitaciones. Un marcador que permita identificar mujeres en riesgo de desarrollar este cáncer sería de utilidad para prevenir el desarrollo de esta enfermedad. Múltiples estudios demuestran asociación entre los factores de crecimiento similares a la insulina (IGF y varios tipos de cáncer. Objetivos. Evaluar si los niveles circulantes de IGF-I, IGF-II, y la proteína 3 de enlace a IGF (IGFBP-3 se asocian con cáncer cervical y lesiones escamosas intraepiteliales de bajo y alto grado (LEIBG y LEIAG. Materiales y métodos. Los niveles séricos de IGF-I, IGF-II e IGFBP-3 se determinaron por ELISA. Se analizaron tres grupos de casos: LEIBG (n=37, LEIAG (n=57 y cáncer cervical (n=41, apareados por edad con controles, con citología normal, negativa para ADN de VPH. Resultados. Se observaron valores de IGF-I (83,9 ng/ml versus 126,6 ng/ml, p < 0,001 y de la relación molar IGF-I:IGFBP-3 (0,094 versus 0,137, p < 0,001 menores en los casos de cáncer, comparados con sus controles. Las mujeres en el cuartil superior de IGF-I y de la relación molar IGF-I:IGFBP-3 tuvieron un riesgo de cáncer de cérvix 80% (OR = 0.2, IC 95% [0,06-0,61] y 77% (OR = 0,23, IC 95% [0,07-0,73] menor, respectivamente, en comparación con las mujeres en la categoría de referencia. Conclusiones. Estos datos sugieren que valores bajos de IGF-I y de la relación molar IGFI: IGFBP-3 se asocian con cáncer cervical.

Risk Factors for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Estrella de la Caridad Armenteros Espino

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Background: cervix cancer constitutes the second cause of death worldwide, with new diagnosis each year. Objective: to determine the risk factors of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in the municipality of Cruces. Methods: it was developed an analytical research with case and control design from November 2013 to November 2014. The group of cases was formed of the 34 women with this diagnosis. There were selected 64 females from the same environment with the same age for the control group. The data obtained by surveys and clinical records reviews were presented in absolute numbers and percentages. It was used Chi-squared test and odd ratio. Results: 52 % of women with neoplasia were less than 25 years old. Significant differences were found which associate neoplasia with early sexual intercourse, sexually transmitted infections by Papilloma virus, Plane genital condyloma, and the use of oral contraceptive pills. Multiple sex partner was a frequent antecedent. Conclusion: risk factors associated to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in the group of women studied in the Cruces municipality were early sexual intercourse, mainly before 15 years old, multiple sex partner, sexually communicated diseases and the use of oral contraceptive pills for more than 5 years.

Pregnancy outcomes after chemotherapy for trophoblastic neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Garcia, Mila Trementosa; Lin, Lawrence Hsu; Fushida, Koji; Francisco, Rossana Pulcineli Vieira; Zugaib, Marcelo

2016-12-01

The successful development of chemotherapy enabled a fertilitysparing treatment for patients with trophoblastic neoplasia. After disease remission, the outcome of a subsequent pregnancy becomes a great concern for these women. To analyze existing studies in the literature that describe the reproductive outcomes of patients with trophoblastic neoplasia treated with chemotherapy. Systematic review was performed searching for articles on Medline/ Pubmed, Lilacs and Cochrane Library databases, using the terms "gestational trophoblastic disease" and "pregnancy outcome". A total of 18 articles were included. No evidence of decreased fertility after chemotherapy for trophoblastic neoplasia was observed. The abortion rates in patients who conceived within 6 months after chemotherapy was higher compared to those who waited longer. Some studies showed increased rates of stillbirth and repeat hydatidiform moles. Only one work showed increased congenital abnormalities. The pregnancies conceived after chemotherapy for trophoblastic neoplasia should be followed with clinical surveillance due to higher rates of some pregnancy complications. However, studies in the literature provide reassuring data about reproductive outcomes of these patients.

NEOPLASIA IN SNAKES AT ZOO ATLANTA DURING 1992-2012.

Science.gov (United States)

Page-Karjian, Annie; Hahne, Megan; Leach, Kate; Murphy, Hayley; Lock, Brad; Rivera, Samuel

2017-06-01

A retrospective study was conducted to review neoplasia of captive snakes in the Zoo Atlanta collection from 1992 to 2012. Of 255 snakes that underwent necropsy and histopathologic examination at Zoo Atlanta during the study period, 37 were observed with neoplasia at necropsy. In those 37 snakes, 42 neoplastic lesions of 18 primary cell types were diagnosed. Thirty-five of those neoplasms (83.3%) were malignant, and of those, 19 were of mesenchymal origin, whereas 14 were of epithelial origin. The median annual rate of neoplasia at necropsy was 12.5% (interquartile range = 2.8-19.5%) over the 21-yr study period. The mean estimated age at death for snakes with neoplasia was 13.2 yr (range, 1-24 yr). Investigating the incidence and clinical significance of neoplasia in captive snakes is vital for developing effective preventative and treatment regimes.

Can the Ni classification of vessels predict neoplasia?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mehlum, Camilla Slot; Rosenberg, Tine; Dyrvig, Anne-Kirstine

2018-01-01

OBJECTIVES: The Ni classification of vascular change from 2011 is well documented for evaluating pharyngeal and laryngeal lesions, primarily focusing on cancer. In the planning of surgery it may be more relevant to differentiate neoplasia from non-neoplasia. We aimed to evaluate the ability...... of the Ni classification to predict laryngeal or hypopharyngeal neoplasia and to investigate if a changed cutoff value would support the recent European Laryngological Society (ELS) proposal of perpendicular vascular changes as indicative of neoplasia. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus....... The pooled sensitivity and specificity of the Ni classification with two different cutoffs were calculated, and bubble and summary receiver operating characteristics plots were created. RESULTS: The combined sensitivity of five studies (n = 687) with Ni type IV-V defined as test-positive was 0.89 (95...

Pregnancy outcomes after chemotherapy for trophoblastic neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

MILA TREMENTOSA GARCIA

Full Text Available SUMMARY Introduction The successful development of chemotherapy enabled a fertilitysparing treatment for patients with trophoblastic neoplasia. After disease remission, the outcome of a subsequent pregnancy becomes a great concern for these women. Objective To analyze existing studies in the literature that describe the reproductive outcomes of patients with trophoblastic neoplasia treated with chemotherapy. Method Systematic review was performed searching for articles on Medline/ Pubmed, Lilacs and Cochrane Library databases, using the terms “gestational trophoblastic disease” and “pregnancy outcome”. Results A total of 18 articles were included. No evidence of decreased fertility after chemotherapy for trophoblastic neoplasia was observed. The abortion rates in patients who conceived within 6 months after chemotherapy was higher compared to those who waited longer. Some studies showed increased rates of stillbirth and repeat hydatidiform moles. Only one work showed increased congenital abnormalities. Conclusion The pregnancies conceived after chemotherapy for trophoblastic neoplasia should be followed with clinical surveillance due to higher rates of some pregnancy complications. However, studies in the literature provide reassuring data about reproductive outcomes of these patients.

Intrathoracic neoplasia: Epidemiology and etiology

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Weller, R.E.

1992-05-01

Neoplasms of the thorax encompass those derived from the thoracic wall, trachea, mediastinum, lungs and pleura. They represent a wide variety of lesions including benign and malignant tumors arising from many tissues. The large surface area, 60 to 90 m{sup 2} in man, represented by the respiratory epithelium and associated thoracic structures are ideal targets for carcinogens carried by inspired air. The topic of discussion in this report is the epidemiology, etiology, and mechanisms of spontaneous intrathoracic neoplasia in animals and man. Much of what we know or suspect about thoracic neoplasia in animals has been extrapolated from experimentally-induced neoplasms.

Surgical treatment of pancreatic endocrine tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcel Cerqueira Cesar Machado

Full Text Available Surgical approaches to pancreatic endocrine tumors associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 may differ greatly from those applied to sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors. Presurgical diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 is therefore crucial to plan a proper intervention. Of note, hyperparathyroidism/multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 should be surgically treated before pancreatic endocrine tumors/multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 resection, apart from insulinoma. Non-functioning pancreatic endocrine tumors/multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 >1 cm have a high risk of malignancy and should be treated by a pancreatic resection associated with lymphadenectomy. The vast majority of patients with gastrinoma/multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 present with tumor lesions at the duodenum, so the surgery of choice is subtotal or total pancreatoduodenectomy followed by regional lymphadenectomy. The usual surgical treatment for insulinoma/multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 is distal pancreatectomy up to the mesenteric vein with or without spleen preservation, associated with enucleation of tumor lesions in the pancreatic head. Surgical procedures for glucagonomas, somatostatinomas, and vipomas/ multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 are similar to those applied to sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors. Some of these surgical strategies for pancreatic endocrine tumors/multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 still remain controversial as to their proper extension and timing. Furthermore, surgical resection of single hepatic metastasis secondary to pancreatic endocrine tumors/multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 may be curative and even in multiple liver metastases surgical resection is possible. Hepatic trans-arterial chemo-embolization is usually associated with surgical resection. Liver transplantation may be needed for select cases. Finally, pre-surgical clinical and genetic diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome and

Estudio anatomopatológico de los tumores de las glándulas salivares

OpenAIRE

Ortega Salas, Rosa María

2011-01-01

Hemos estudiado, de forma retrospectiva, las características epidemiológicas, morfológicas e inmunohistoquímicas de 400 tumores de las glándulas salivares. La clasificación diagnóstica utilizada ha sido la de Ellis y Auclair (AFIP 1995). Los tumores de las glándulas salivares de nuestras serie son neoplasias que afectan con mayor frecuencia a pacientes entre 30 y 60 años de edad; en los pacientes con tumores benignos, la edad es significativamente menor que los que presentan turmores malignos...

Ultrathin endoscopy versus high-resolution endoscopy for diagnosing superficial gastric neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Toyoizumi, Hirobumi; Kaise, Mitsuru; Arakawa, Hiroshi; Yonezawa, Jin; Yoshida, Yukinaga; Kato, Masayuki; Yoshimura, Noboru; Goda, Ken-ichi; Tajiri, Hisao

2009-08-01

Ultrathin endoscopy (UTE) is an acceptable and cost-effective alternative to EGD with the patient under sedation, although the diagnostic accuracy of UTE is not well established. To compare the diagnostic accuracy of UTE and high-resolution endoscopy (HRE) for superficial gastric neoplasia. Prospective comparative study. Academic center. Patients with or without superficial gastric neoplasia underwent peroral UTE and HRE, back-to-back in a random order while under standard sedation. The procedures were performed by 2 endoscopists who were blinded to the clinical information. The rate of missed lesions and misdiagnosis, sensitivity, and specificity for the diagnosis of gastric neoplasia when using pathology as the reference standard. In total, 126 lesions (41 superficial gastric neoplasias, 85 nonneoplastic lesions) were recorded in 57 enrolled patients. For the diagnosis of gastric neoplasia, the sensitivity of UTE (58.5%) was significantly (P = .021) lower than that of HRE (78%), and the specificity of UTE (91.8%) was significantly (P = .014) lower than that of HRE (100%). The rate of missed lesions and misdiagnosis of gastric neoplasias when using UTE (41.5%) was significantly (P > .001) higher than that of HRE (22.0%). The corresponding rate of neoplasias at the proximal portion (fornix and corpus) when using UTE (29%) was significantly (P = .002) higher than that of HRE (7.2%), although the rates of neoplasias at the distal portion (angulus and antrum) were comparable for UTE and HRE. Small sample numbers in an enriched population. The diagnostic accuracy of UTE is significantly lower than that of HRE for superficial gastric neoplasia, and this difference is particularly striking for neoplasias in the proximal stomach. For UTE to be used as an alternative modality, improvements in optical quality and the incorporation of additional procedures, including close-range observations and chromoendoscopy, are required to enhance visualization.

Testicular neoplasia in undescended testes of cryptorchid boys-does surgical strategy have an impact on the risk of invasive testicular neoplasia?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Cortes, Dina; Thorup, Jørgen Mogens; Petersen, Bodil Laub

2004-01-01

We investigated whether or not surgical strategy has an impact on the risk of invasive testicular neoplasia in cases of cryptorchidism. We made a database study of the incidence of testicular neoplasia at surgery for cryptorchidism in childhood, and evaluated if such abnormalities were found......, p placed...

Mitotic and apoptotic activity in colorectal neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Kohoutova, Darina; Pejchal, Jaroslav; Bures, Jan

2018-05-18

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. The aim of the prospective study was to evaluate mitosis and apoptosis of epithelial cells at each stage of colorectal neoplasia. A total of 61 persons were enrolled into the study: 18 patients with non-advanced colorectal adenoma (non-a-A), 13 patients with advanced colorectal adenoma (a-A), 13 patients with CRC and 17 controls: individuals with normal findings on colonoscopy. Biopsy samples were taken from pathology (patients) and healthy mucosa (patients and healthy controls). Samples were formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded and stained with haematoxylin-eosin. Mitotic and apoptotic activity were evaluated in lower and upper part of the crypts and in the superficial compartment. Apoptotic activity was also assessed using detection of activated caspase-3. In controls, mitotic activity was present in lower part of crypts, accompanied with low apoptotic activity. Mitotic and apoptotic activity decreased (to almost zero) in upper part of crypts. In superficial compartment, increase in apoptotic activity was observed. Transformation of healthy mucosa into non-a-A was associated with significant increase of mitotic activity in lower and upper part of the crypts and with significant increase of apoptotic activity in all three compartments; p colorectal neoplasia were observed. Detection of activated caspase-3 confirmed the above findings in apoptotic activity. Significant dysregulation of mitosis and apoptosis during the progression of colorectal neoplasia, corresponding with histology, was confirmed. In patients with sporadic colorectal neoplasia, healthy mucosa does not display different mitotic and apoptotic activity compared to mucosa in healthy controls and therefore adequate endoscopic/surgical removal of colorectal neoplasia is sufficient.

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF CANINE PHARYNGEAL NEOPLASIA

OpenAIRE

Carozzi, Gregorio

2016-01-01

Computed tomography (CT) is commonly used to investigate head tumours in dogs, and is a fundamental part of the diagnostic work-up, for diagnosis, staging and planning therapy in neoplastic disease. Nasal diseases, either neoplastic or non-neoplastic diseases, oral neoplasia, brain disease, thyroid or carotid body neoplasia have been extensively studied. However little information are available for lesions of the pharyngeal area. In this thesis, cases of dogs affected by pharyngeal neoplas...

Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia in Xeroderma Pigmentosum

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rajesh R Nayak

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP is a rare genetic disorder associated with multiple oculocutaneous and neurological manifestations. It occurs due to deficiency of the enzymes responsible for repairing ultraviolet radiation-induced DNA damage. Persistence of un-repaired DNA results in somatic mutations, leading to neoplasia of the skin and ocular surface. As this condition is rare, only isolated case reports of XP with ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN are found in literature.

Neoplasias endocrinas múltiples. desde el laboratorio al paciente

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dr. G. Nelson Wohllk

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Las neoplasias endocrinas múltiples (NEM tipo 1 y 2 son enfermedades genéticas heredadas en forma autosómica dominante. Las principales manifestaciones clínicas en NEM1 incluyen tumores paratiroideos, hipofisiarios y gastroenteropancreáticos. El test genético se puede realizar en los pacientes y potenciales portadores de mutaciones en el gen menin, pero la correlación genotipo-fenotipo es menos directa en comparación a NEM2. En la NEM2 el cáncer medular de tíroides (CMT es común a los tres subtipos: NEM2A (feocromocitoma e hiperparatiroidismo, NEM2B (feocromocitoma y neuromas mucosos y CMT familiar. A aquellos pacientes con mutación RET se les debe recomendar la realización de tiroidectomía profiláctica en la niñez, de acuerdo a la categoría de riesgo ATA. Algunos casos de CMT aparentemente esporádicos son actualmente NEM2 después de la realización del estudio genético para proto-oncogen RET, por lo tanto se recomienda la aplicación rutinaria de este estudio a todos los pacientes con CMT aparentemente esporádico.

Quantitative attenuation analysis for identification of early Barrett's neoplasia in volumetric laser endomicroscopy

Science.gov (United States)

Swager, Anne-Fre; Faber, Dirk J.; de Bruin, Daniel M.; Weusten, Bas L.; Meijer, Sybren L.; Bergman, Jacques J.; Curvers, Wouter L.; van Leeuwen, Ton G.

2017-08-01

Early neoplasia in Barrett's esophagus (BE) is difficult to detect. Volumetric laser endomicroscopy (VLE) incorporates optical coherence tomography, providing a circumferential scan of the esophageal wall layers. The attenuation coefficient (μVLE) quantifies decay of detected backscattered light versus depth, and could potentially improve BE neoplasia detection. The aim is to investigate feasibility of μVLE for identification of early BE neoplasia. In vivo and ex vivo VLE scans with histological correlation from BE patients ± neoplasia were used. Quantification by μVLE was performed manually on areas of interest (AoIs) to differentiate neoplasia from nondysplastic (ND)BE. From ex vivo VLE scans from 16 patients (13 with neoplasia), 68 AoIs were analyzed. Median μVLE values (mm-1) were 3.7 [2.1 to 4.4 interquartile range (IQR)] for NDBE and 4.0 (2.5 to 4.9 IQR) for neoplasia, not statistically different (p=0.82). Fourteen in vivo scans were used: nine from neoplastic and five from NDBE patients. Median μVLE values were 1.8 (1.5 to 2.6 IQR) for NDBE and 2.1 (1.9 to 2.6 IQR) for neoplasia, with no statistically significant difference (p=0.37). In conclusion, there was no significant difference in μVLE values in VLE scans from early neoplasia versus NDBE. Future studies with a larger sample size should explore other quantitative methods for detection of neoplasia during BE surveillance.

Primary pulmonary neoplasia in the dog and cat

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mehlhaff, C.J.; Mooney, S.

1985-01-01

This article covers the pertinent clinical, physical, and radiographic findings in dogs and cats with primary pulmonary neoplasia. Diagnostic and treatment recommendations are made. Although primary pulmonary neoplasia is rare in both the dog and cat, it appears to be diagnosed with increasing frequency. Early detection and surgical treatment of carefully selected cases can prolong a good quality of life

Molecular diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Molecular diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A. RJ Pegoraro, DJ Hacking, RH Buck, L Rom, PA Lanning, GMB Berger. Abstract. Objective. To identify by means of genetic analyses individuals who are at risk of developing medullary thyroid cancer that is a component of multiple endocrine neoplasia. Subjects.

Factores psicológicos y sociales en las neoplasias malignas pediátricas Psychological and social factors in malignant neoplasia in children

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

2007-03-01

Full Text Available This research was conducted to assess some psychologic and social factors in families with children with malignant neoplasia. A cross-sectional and correlation study was performed in a group of 38 mothers of patients aged 0-18 months, who were seen in “Juan Manuel Márquez” Children Hospital, in Marianao, in June and July 2005. The following techniques were applied: Family Performance Perception Test (FPPT, social support questionnaire (SSQ, and confrontation scale (CS. The information obtained was processed by means of the SPSS statistical program in its version for Window 98. The results showed that most of the families were functional, and that mothers needed a lot of social support, mainly of emotional support. It was concluded that there was no dependence between the family functioning and the variables which with it was related; most of the mothers felt satisfied with the social support received, and the confrontation strategies they used the most were to focus their attention on the positive, and to worry and concentrate themselves on solving the problem.

Tratamiento de las neoplasias hematológicas en el embarazo Treatment of hematologic neoplasms during pregnancy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Norma E Tartas

2007-12-01

Full Text Available La neoplasia hematológica más frecuente en la mujer gestante es el linfoma de Hodgkin. Con menor frecuencia se han comunicado leucemias agudas o linfomas no Hodgkin (LNH. En los últimos años se han introducido nuevos fármacos que han cambiado el pronóstico de neoplasias como la leucemia promielocítica aguda, los linfomas no Hodgkin y la leucemia mieloide crónica. Se presenta aquí información actualizada sobre drogas y tratamientos, desarrollo de nuevos fármacos, mecanismo de acción, aplicación clínica, experiencias y resultados del tratamiento, efectos secundarios y teratogénicos, a fin de orientar a hematólogos, oncólogos y pediatras. El equipo médico debe ofrecer el tratamiento más eficaz disponible para alcanzar la curación o remisión de la enfermedad, e informar acerca de sus posibles riesgos para la madre y el feto, así como los derivados por la demora de su aplicación.The most common hematological malignancy in pregnant patients is Hodgkin's lymphoma, but other diseases such as chronic and acute leukemia or non Hodgkin's lymphoma have also been reported. In the last decade, new drugs have changed the prognostic of acute promyelocytic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia and non Hodgkin's lymphoma. Herein we present updated information on drugs and treatments, new developments, mechanism of action, clinical application, experience on treatment outcomes, adverse effects and teratogenesis, with the objective of orienting hematologists, oncologists and pediatricians. The medical team should offer the most efficient treatment available in order to achieve cure or remission of the disease, and also inform on possible risks for the mother and the fetus, as well as those derived from the delay in treatment application.

Sarcopenia is associated with an increased risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Park, Youn Su; Kim, Ji Won; Kim, Byeong Gwan; Lee, Kook Lae; Lee, Jae Kyung; Kim, Joo Sung; Koh, Seong-Joon

2017-04-01

Although sarcopenia is associated with an increased risk for mortality after the curative resection of colorectal cancer, its influence on the development of advanced colonic neoplasia remains unclear. This study included 1270 subjects aged 40 years or older evaluated with first-time screening colonoscopy at Seoul National University Boramae Health Care Center from January 2010 to February 2015. Skeletal muscle mass was measured with a body composition analyzer (direct segmental multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis method). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine whether sarcopenia is associated with advanced colorectal neoplasia. Of 1270 subjects, 139 (10.9%) were categorized into the sarcopenia group and 1131 (89.1%) into the non-sarcopenia group. In the non-sarcopenia group, 55 subjects (4.9%) had advanced colorectal neoplasia. However, in the sarcopenia group, 19 subjects (13.7%) had advanced colorectal neoplasia, including 1 subject with invasive colorectal cancer (0.7%). In addition, subjects with sarcopenia had a higher prevalence of advanced adenoma (P sarcopenia. According to the multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for variable confounders, age (odds ratio 1.062, 95% confidence interval 1.032-1.093; P sarcopenia (odds ratio 2.347, 95% confidence interval 1.311-4.202; P = 0.004) were associated with an advanced colorectal neoplasia. Sarcopenia is associated with an increased risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia.

Canine oral cavity neoplasias - Brief review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

João Filipe Requicha

2015-03-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT. Requicha J.F., Pires M. dos A., Albuquerque C.M. & Viegas C.A. [Canine oral cavity neoplasias - Brief review.] Neoplasias da cavidade oral do cão - Breve revisão. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinária, 37(1:41-46, 2015. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal e Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal. E-mail: jfrequicha@gmail.com Oral proliferative lesions are relatively common in domestic carnivores but, fortunately, a lot of these lesions are benign. The oral cavity is place of 6% of all tumours in dogs, being the sixth most important localization of neoplasias in this specie. The non-odontogenic tumors arise from structures of the oral cavity, except from dental tissue, and they are mostly malignant. Odontogenic tumors are those originated from the dental structures. In the case of tumors of non-odontogenic, will be described the oral papillomatosis, the melanoma, the squamous cell carcinoma, and the fibrosarcoma. Among the odontogenic tumors, the focus will be on the epulides, ameloblastoma, odontoma and dentigerous cysts.

Dietary habits of colorectal neoplasia patients in comparison to their first-degree relatives.

Science.gov (United States)

Kajzrlikova, Ivana Mikoviny; Vitek, Petr; Chalupa, Josef; Dite, Petr

2014-05-07

To compare the dietary habits between colorectal neoplasia patients, their first-degree relatives, and unrelated controls. From July 2008 to April 2011, we collected epidemiological data relevant to colorectal cancer from patients with colorectal neoplasias, their first-degree relatives, and also from a control group consisting of people referred for colonoscopy with a negative family history of colorectal cancer and without evidence of neoplasia after colonoscopic examination. The first-degree relatives were divided into two groups following the colonoscopic examination: (1) patients with neoplasia or (2) patients without neoplasia. Dietary habits of all groups were compared. A χ (2) test was used to assess the association between two dichotomous categorical variables. The study groups consisted of 242 patients with colorectal neoplasias (143 men, 99 women; mean age: 64 ± 12 years) and 160 first-degree relatives (66 men, 94 women; mean age: 48 ± 11 years). Fifty-five of the first-degree relatives were found to have a neoplastic lesion upon colonoscopy, while the remaining 105 were without neoplasia. The control group contained 123 individuals with a negative family history for neoplastic lesions (66 men, 57 women; mean age: 54 ± 12 years). Two hypotheses were tested. In the first, the dietary habits of first-degree relatives with neoplasia were more similar to those of patients with neoplasia, while the dietary habits of first-degree relatives without neoplasia were similar to those of the control group. In the second, no sex-related differences in dietary habits were expected between the particular groups. Indeed, no significant differences were observed in the dietary habits between the groups of patients, controls and first-degree relatives with/without neoplastic lesions. Nevertheless, statistically significant sex-related differences were observed in all groups, wherein women had healthier dietary habits than men. In all groups examined, women had

Defining the genetic susceptibility to cervical neoplasia-A genome-wide association study.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paul J Leo

2017-08-01

Full Text Available A small percentage of women with cervical HPV infection progress to cervical neoplasia, and the risk factors determining progression are incompletely understood. We sought to define the genetic loci involved in cervical neoplasia and to assess its heritability using unbiased unrelated case/control statistical approaches. We demonstrated strong association of cervical neoplasia with risk and protective HLA haplotypes that are determined by the amino-acids carried at positions 13 and 71 in pocket 4 of HLA-DRB1 and position 156 in HLA-B. Furthermore, 36% (standard error 2.4% of liability of HPV-associated cervical pre-cancer and cancer is determined by common genetic variants. Women in the highest 10% of genetic risk scores have approximately >7.1% risk, and those in the highest 5% have approximately >21.6% risk, of developing cervical neoplasia. Future studies should examine genetic risk prediction in assessing the risk of cervical neoplasia further, in combination with other screening methods.

Neurocutaneous spectrum of multiple endocrine neoplasia-1

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shireen Furtado

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I or Wermer syndrome is characterized by primary hyperparathyroidism, enteropancreatic endocrine tumor, and a pituitary pathology. A 35-year-old male presented with visual field defects, hyperprolactinemia, and hypogonadism. He also had multiple infraumbilical skin-colored nodules. A syndromal association of Wermer syndrome was derived using the dermal, pituitary, parathyroid, and gastrointestinal hormonal manifestations of the tumor. The radiological and histological findings of lesion which underwent biopsy are discussed. The presence of collagenomas, lipomas, and hypopigmented macules in a patient with neuroendocrine symptoms should raise the suspicion of an underlying multiple endocrine neoplasia.

Compuestos fenólicos de la fracción metanólica de Bidens pilosa, sobre la neoplasia gástrica, inducida en ratas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Arroyo

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar la influencia del extracto etanólico y la fracción metanólica conteniendo compuestos fenólicos y flavonoides de la planta entera de Bidens pilosa L sobre la neoplasia gástrica inducida en ratas con N-nitroso-N-metilurea (NMU. Diseño: Experimental. Lugar: Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas-Bioterio Facultad de Medicina UNMSM. Material biológico: Ratas albinas cepa Holtzmann machos. Intervenciones: Según Ferraz de Souza y col., 2002, se dispuso de un grupo control normal, un grupo con NMU y grupos de NMU más tratamientos de extracto etanólico y fracción metanólica, a dosis de 300 mg/kg. Para la significancia estadística se consideró la p<0,05. Principales medidas de resultados: Progresión de la neoplasia gástrica inducida en ratas. Resultados: Indican displasia y estadios iniciales de carcinoma en los estómagos de las ratas, lo que fue menos evidente en los animales con tratamiento, siendo mejor el grupo que recibió fracción metanólica. El marcador de estrés oxidativo disminuyó en los grupos que recibieron tratamiento con la planta, resultando mejor la fracción metabólica. Se observó menor cantidad de micronúcleos (genotoxicidad en los animales que recibieron tratamiento. Conclusiones: El extracto etanólico y la fracción metanólica de Bidens pilosa L en las condiciones experimentales han detenido la progresión de la neoplasia gástrica inducida en ratas.

Importance of thoracic radiography in the approach of animals with neoplasia/ A importância do exame radiográfico torácico na abordagem de animais portadores de neoplasias

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antonio Carlos Faria dos Reis

2008-08-01

Full Text Available The aim of the present study was to evaluate the importance of the thoracic radiography in dogs and cats with neoplasias of diverse origins and localizations, excepting mammary neoplasm. It was studied 54 animals on suspicion of pulmonary metastase and/or primary lung tumors- 49 dogs (91% and five cats (9%; being 28 (52% female (3 cats and 26 (48% male (2 cats – attended by Thoracic and Oncology Medicine Services in the Veterinary Hospital/UEL, in 2005. The mammary neoplasias were not included in this work. From the 54 animals, six (11% presented radiography examinations with evidence of pulmonary metastase, being one cat. Four animals (8% had compatible radiography examination with primary pulmonary neoplasia. These results indicate the importance of the thoracic radiography in the approach of animals with neoplasia, to exclude the possibility of pulmonary metastase independent from the neoplasm origin and the necessity of radiographic attendance to the animals without radiographic signals of pulmonary metastase.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a importância do exame radiográfico torácico em cães e gatos com neoplasias de diversas origens e localizações, excetuando neoplasias mamárias. Foram estudados 54 animais com suspeita de metástase pulmonar e/ou neoplasia pulmonar primária – 49 cães (91% e cinco felinos (9%; sendo 28 (52% fêmeas (3 felinas e 26 (48% machos (2 felinos – atendidos nos Projetos de Extensão em Medicina Torácica e Oncologia do Hospital Veterinário/UEL, durante o ano de 2005. As neoplasias mamárias, não foram inclusas neste trabalho. Dos 54 animais, seis (11% apresentaram exames radiográficos com evidência de metástase pulmonar, sendo um felino. Quatro animais (8% tiveram exame radiográfico compatível com neoplasia pulmonar primária. Esses resultados indicam a importância do exame radiográfico torácico na abordagem de animais com neoplasias, para descartar a possibilidade de met

Radiographic findings in cats with intranasal neoplasia or chronic rhinitis: 29 cases (1982-1988)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

O'Brien, R.T.; Evans, S.M.; Wortman, J.A.; Hendrick, M.J.

1996-01-01

Objective: To compare radiographic findings and determine useful criteria to differentiate between intranasal neoplasia and chronic rhinitis in cats. Design: Retrospective study. Animals: Cats with chronic nasal disease caused by neoplasia (n = 18) or by chronic rhinitis (n = 11). Procedure: Radiographs were reviewed by 3 radiologists, followed by group review. Diagnosis was determined by intranasal biopsy or necropsy, and specimens were reviewed by a pathologist to confirm cause and histologic diagnosis. Results: Lymphosarcoma was the most common (n = 5) of the 6 histopathologic types in the neoplasia group. Cats in the neoplasia and chronic rhinitis groups had a high prevalence of aggressive radiographic lesions. Prevalence of a facial mass in cats with neoplasia (8/18) versus in those with chronic rhinitis (4/11) and of deviation (9/18 vs 6/11, respectively) or lysis (12/18 vs 7/11) of the nasal septum was similar. However, significantly (P = 0.02) more cats with neoplasia than with chronic rhinitis (13/16 vs 3/7, respectively) had unilateral turbinate destruction/lysis. Additionally, unilateral lateral bone erosion and loss of teeth associated with adjacent intranasal disease were more prevalent in cats with neoplasia (7/8 and 5/18, respectively) than in cats with chronic rhinitis (1/3 and 0/11, respectively). Clinical Implications: Features that may assist in radiographic diagnosis of neoplasia include the appearance of unilateral aggressive lesions, such as lysis of lateral bones, nasal turbinate destruction, and loss of teeth. Bilaterally symmetric lesions are more suggestive of chronic rhinitis than of neoplasia

Genetics of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Neoplasias (PDQ®)—Health Professional Version

Science.gov (United States)

Genetics of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Neoplasias discusses inherited syndromes multiple endocrine neoplasia types 1, 2, and 4 (MEN1, MEN2, MEN4), familial pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, Carney-Stratakis syndrome, and familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer. Learn more in this clinician summary.

Long-term adherence to follow-up after treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Barken, Sidsel S; Lynge, Elsebeth; Andersen, Erik S.

2013-01-01

OBJECTIVE: To measure adherence to annual follow-up among women treated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. DESIGN: Prospective, population-based, register study. SETTING: Denmark, 1996-2007. POPULATION: All women treated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with conization. METHODS: Treated...... was poor in Denmark. Our findings suggest that because of this poor adherence, recommendations for long-term annual follow-up after treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia may not be highly effective. Shorter follow-up schedules using highly sensitive tests appear attractive....

p53 tumor suppressor gene: significance in neoplasia - a review

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alam, J.M.

2000-01-01

p53 is a tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome 17p13.1. Its function includes cell cycle control and apoptosis. Loss of p53 function, either due to decreased level or genetic transformation, is associated with loss of cell cycle control, decrease, apoptosis and genomic modification, such mutation of p53 gene is now assessed and the indicator of neoplasia of cancer of several organs and cell types, p53 has demonstrated to have critical role in defining various progressive stages of neoplasia, therapeutic strategies and clinical application. The present review briefly describes function of p53 in addition to its diagnostic and prognostic significance in detecting several types of neoplasia. (author)

Spectrum of ocular surface squamous neoplasia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Babar, T.F.; Khan, M.N.; Hussain, M.; Shah, S.A.

2007-01-01

To describe the pattern of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN), clinical presentations, the risk factors and treatment options. The study included 36 eyes of 35 patients with biopsy-proven ocular surface neoplasia. The details of patients regarding age, gender, laterality and risk factors were entered into a specially-designed proforma. Each patient was also assessed biomicroscopically for type and complications of ocular surface neoplasia. The frequency of OSSN was 0.37 among admitted hospital patients. Among 36 cases of OSSN, squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva was the most common type of OSSN seen in 63.9%, followed by carcinoma in situ of conjunctiva in 25% and carcinoma in situ of cornea in 11.1%. Male patients outnumbered female (65.7% vs 34.3%) with 71.42% of patients above 60 years of age. The risk factors identified were: old age, ultraviolet B exposure and xeroderma pigmentosa. Treatment consisted of local resection with or without adjuvant therapy in 61.1%, exenteration in 30.5%, enucleation in 5.5% and chemo/radiotherapy in 2.7%. Intraocular invasion was seen in 5.5% and orbital spread in 30.5%. The frequency of OSSN was 0.37% among admitted patients. Identification of exact etiological factors will enable to formulate strategies that are likely to decrease the incidence of this disease and the associated morbidity and mortality. (author)

A score to estimate the likelihood of detecting advanced colorectal neoplasia at colonoscopy.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaminski, Michal F; Polkowski, Marcin; Kraszewska, Ewa; Rupinski, Maciej; Butruk, Eugeniusz; Regula, Jaroslaw

2014-07-01

This study aimed to develop and validate a model to estimate the likelihood of detecting advanced colorectal neoplasia in Caucasian patients. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of database records for 40-year-old to 66-year-old patients who entered a national primary colonoscopy-based screening programme for colorectal cancer in 73 centres in Poland in the year 2007. We used multivariate logistic regression to investigate the associations between clinical variables and the presence of advanced neoplasia in a randomly selected test set, and confirmed the associations in a validation set. We used model coefficients to develop a risk score for detection of advanced colorectal neoplasia. Advanced colorectal neoplasia was detected in 2544 of the 35,918 included participants (7.1%). In the test set, a logistic-regression model showed that independent risk factors for advanced colorectal neoplasia were: age, sex, family history of colorectal cancer, cigarette smoking (padvanced neoplasia: 1.00 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.06)) and had moderate discriminatory power (c-statistic 0.62). We developed a score that estimated the likelihood of detecting advanced neoplasia in the validation set, from 1.32% for patients scoring 0, to 19.12% for patients scoring 7-8. Developed and internally validated score consisting of simple clinical factors successfully estimates the likelihood of detecting advanced colorectal neoplasia in asymptomatic Caucasian patients. Once externally validated, it may be useful for counselling or designing primary prevention studies. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fischer, H.J.; Lois, J.F.; Gomes, A.S.

1985-01-01

A case of multiple endocrine neoplasia (Men) consisting of an unusual combination of an insulin-producing islet cell tumour and an adrenal adenoma is reported. CT clearly demonstrated the adrenal mass whereas the pancreatic lesion remained questionable. Conversely angiography located the pancreatic tumour but the adrenal findings were subtle. (orig.)

Molecular biological factors in the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasias

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yu. N. Ponomareva

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The authors have made a complex analysis of the molecular biological factors associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. They have revealed that infection by oncogenic human papillomavirus types is associated with suppressed apoptosis and enhanced cellular proliferative activity, which can be effectively used in the diagnosis and prediction of cervical neoplasias to optimize management tac- tics and to improve the results of treatment.

Neoplasia intra-epitelial cervical: diagnóstico e tratamento Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: diagnosis and treatment

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sophie Françoise Mauricette Derchain

2005-07-01

Full Text Available O câncer do colo uterino é hoje doença passível de prevenção secundária. Os métodos de detecção das lesões precursoras e da infecção pelo papilomavírus humano, tais como a citologia oncológica e biologia molecular, são de uso mundialmente difundido. Entretanto, ainda há muita controvérsia em relação à aplicação destes métodos na prática ginecológica. Qual o melhor exame ou a melhor associação de exames que podem ser utilizados, com que intervalo e em quais mulheres permanecem questões que com freqüência geram ansiedade nos consultórios ou nas unidades de saúde. Por outro lado, uma vez detectada a infecção viral ou a neoplasia intra-epitelial cervical, o tratamento dessas mulheres ainda não é consensual e muitos fatores interferem na definição da conduta ótima. O tipo de infecção, gravidade da neoplasia intra-epitelial, tipo histológico encontrado, todos estes aspectos tendem a dificultar o planejamento terapêutico. Esta revisão tem como objetivo abordar, dentro do conhecimento atual e baseado nos consensos vigentes no país, vários aspectos relacionados ao rastreamento das lesões cervicais e as possíveis condutas terapêuticas vigentes.Cervical cancer is nowadays a disease amenable to secondary prevention. Methods for the detection of its precursor lesions and human papillomavirus infection, such as cervical cytology and molecular biology, achieved widespread use worldwide. However, there is still too much controversy regarding the use of these methods in gynecological practice. Which is the best examination or the best association of examinations, and the most adequate time intervals to proceed with screening, are still pending questions, generating anxiety in patients and doctors. On the other hand, the management of women who have been diagnosed with viral infection and/or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia is not yet consensual, and several factors may affect the clinical decision on how to

Freqüência de Neoplasia Intra-epitelial Cervical em Portadoras do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana Frequency of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Women

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antonio Pedro Flores Auge

2000-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: verificar a freqüência de neoplasia intra-epitelial cervical (NIC em mulheres infectadas pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV. Métodos: foram estudadas 99 mulheres HIV-soropositivas; o diagnóstico da infeccão pelo HIV foi realizado por meio de dois testes ELISA, complementados por teste Western blot ou de imunofluorescência indireta. Como grupo controle foram analisadas 104 mulheres que não apresentavam positividade no teste ELISA. Em ambos os grupos o rastreamento de NIC foi realizado por meio da associação de colpocitologia oncológica e colposcopia. Nos casos em que a colposcopia revelou existência de zonas de transformação anormal, o diagnóstico de NIC foi realizado mediante biopsia dirigida, complementada ou não por conização. Resultados: em 15 das 99 pacientes do grupo de estudo (15,2% foi encontrada neoplasia intra-epitelial cervical, sendo dez casos de NIC I, um de NIC II e quatro de NIC III. Entre as 104 mulheres do grupo controle, quatro (3,8% eram portadoras de neoplasia intra-epitelial cervical, encontrando-se um caso de NIC I e três de NIC III. Conclusão: a análise comparativa dos resultados evidenciou que a freqüência de neoplasia intra-epitelial cervical foi significantemente mais elevada entre as pacientes infectadas pelo HIV.Purpose: to verify the frequency of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV ¾ infected women. Methods: ninety-nine HIV-seropositive women were studied. The diagnosis of the HIV infection was established through two ELISA tests complemented by Western blot test or indirect immunofluorescence test. As control group, 104 women whose ELISA test was not positive were analyzed. The investigation of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was achieved by association of Pap smear and colposcopy in both groups. In the cases where colposcopy revealed existence of abnormal transformation zones, NIC diagnosis was obtained through colposcopy-guided biopsy

Neoplasia intraepitelial vulvar: um problema atual Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a current problem

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Alberto Fonseca-Moutinho

2008-08-01

Full Text Available A neoplasia intraepitelial da vulva (VIN é uma denominação que foi introduzida incialmente pela International Society for Study of Vulvo-vaginal Diseases (ISSVD e reconhecida posteriormente pela International Society of Gynaecological Pathology (ISGYP e Organização Mundial da Saúde. É uma entidade patológica a que correspondem as VIN de tipo usual (verrucoso, basalióide e misto e as VIN de tipo diferenciado. A incidência das lesões de VIN tem aumentado progressivamente, principalmente em mulheres jovens. A infecção pelo papilomavírus humano (HPV de alto risco, pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV, o tabagismo e a neoplasia intraepitelial do colo do útero, da vagina e região anal são factores de risco estabelecidos para as VIN. Não existem sintomas e sinais característicos das VIN, mas a doença se traduz sempre por lesões clinicamente identificáveis. A biópsia com o auxílio do colposcópio permite o diagnóstico. O tratamento da doença está sempre justificado pelo elevado risco de progressão para cancro invasivo. A excisão alargada das lesões ou a sua destruição com laser CO2 têm sido os métodos mais populares de tratamento. Independentemente do método terapêutico utilizado, as taxas de recidiva são elevadas, pelo que está aconselhada a vigilância apertada das doentes após tratamento. A terapêutica tópica com imiquimod se afigura promissora no tratamento das VIN. As vacinas profiláticas contra os tipos de HPV de alto risco prometem se tornar armas poderosas na prevenção primária da doença.Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN is a pathological denomination coined by the International Society for Study of Vulvo-vaginal Diseases (ISSVD and adopted by the International Society of Gynaecological Pathology (ISGYP and by the World Health Organization. VIN is a heterogeneous pathological entity with a usual type (warty, basaloid and mixed and a differentiated type. The incidence of the disease is

Neoplasia in Turner syndrome. The importance of clinical and screening practices during follow-up.

Science.gov (United States)

Larizza, Daniela; Albanesi, Michela; De Silvestri, Annalisa; Accordino, Giulia; Brazzelli, Valeria; Maffè, Gabriella Carnevale; Calcaterra, Valeria

2016-05-01

Turmer syndrome (TS) patients show increased morbidity due to metabolic, autoimmune and cardiovascular disorders. A risk of neoplasia is also reported. Here, we review the prevalence of neoplasia in a cohort of Turner patients. We retrospectively evaluated 87 TS women. Follow-up included periodic ultrasound of the neck, abdominal and pelvic organs, dermatologic evaluation and fecal occult blood test. Karyotype was 45,X in 46 patients. During follow-up, 63 girls were treated with growth hormone, 65 with estro-progestin replacement therapy and 20 with L-thyroxine. Autoimmune diseases were present in 29 TS. A total of 17 neoplasms in 14 out of 87 patients were found. Six skin neoplasia, 3 central nervous system tumors, 3 gonadal neoplasia, 2 breast tumors, 1 hepatocarcinoma, 1 carcinoma of the pancreas and 1 follicular thyroid cancer were detected. Age at tumor diagnosis was higher in 45,X pts than in those with other karyotypes (p = 0.003). Adenomioma gallbladdder (AG) was detected in 15.3% of the patients, with a lower age in girls at diagnosis with an associated neoplasia in comparison with TS without tumors (p = 0.017). No correlation between genetic make up, treatment, associated autoimmune diseases and neoplastia was found. In our TS population an increased neoplasia prevalence was reported. A high prevalence of AG was also noted and it might be indicative of a predisposition to neoplasia. Further studies are needed to define the overall risk for neoplasia, and to determine the role of the loss of the X-chromosome and hormonal therapies. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Microparticles and Exosomes in Gynecologic Neoplasias

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Nieuwland, Rienk; van der Post, Joris A. M.; Lok Gemma, Christianne A. R.; Kenter, G.; Sturk, Augueste

2010-01-01

This review presents an overview of the functions of microparticles and exosomes in gynecologic neoplasias. Growing evidence suggests that vesicles released from cancer cells in gynecologic malignancies contribute to the hypercoagulable state of these patients and contribute to tumor progression by

Immunohistochemical localization of human papilloma virus in conjunctival neoplasias: A retrospective study

Science.gov (United States)

Sharma, Anjana; Panda, Anita

2007-01-01

Background: The extent of association of human papilloma virus (HPV) in human conjunctival neoplasias has been debated in studies originating from different parts of the world, but no substantial evidence has been generated on Indian subjects. This prompted us to carry out a retrospective study on conjunctival neoplasias diagnosed over the past 12 years. Materials and Methods: Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of 65 specimens of ocular neoplasias and 30 normal controls diagnosed between 1991 and 2002 at a tertiary eye care hospital, was undertaken. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues were reviewed for confirming histopathological diagnosis, presence of koilocytosis and changes related to actinic keratosis. Immunohistochemical analysis was done using HPV-specific monoclonal antibodies. Clinicopathological correlation and the association of HPV antigen with the histopathological features were performed. Results: Out of the 65 cases analyzed, 35 were papillomas and 30 were ocular surface squamous neoplasias (OSSN). The mean age was 48 years with a male preponderance. Histologically, koilocytosis was observed in 17.1% of papillomas and 36.6% of OSSN. Actinic keratosis was present in 33% of OSSN. Immunohistochemically 17.1% conjunctival papillomas stained positive for HPV antigen, all cases of OSSN were negative for HPV. There was no correlation between koilocytosis or actinic keratosis and the detection of HPV antigen. Conclusions: The association between HPV and conjunctival neoplasias is variable in different geographical areas and also depends on the methods of detection used. This study warrants the need for applying more advanced techniques at a molecular level to determine the possible etiology of HPV in conjunctival neoplasias among Asian-Indians. PMID:17699945

Intrahepatic splenosis mimicking hepatic neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriel Neves Saad Teles

Full Text Available Introduction: Splenosis is defined as the heterotopic autoimplantation of splenic tissue following trauma to or surgery on the spleen. Clinical case: We present a case of an asymptomatic 73-year-old male in whom hypervascular lesions were detected during routine exams. The patient reported a history of carotid artery surgery and cholecystectomy; he had a laparotomy incision from childhood but was unaware of the reason for it. The patient exhibited slightly elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA levels. Histopathology revealed intrahepatic heterotopic splenic parenchyma, with no evidence of neoplasia in either of the two lesions, the diameters of which were 1.5 cm and 3.6 cm. Patient received outpatient follow-up care for 24 months and experienced no complications. Discussion: Our clinical, laboratory, and imaging exams failed to reveal the etiology of the lesion. Because the masses were hypervascular lesions, a percutaneous liver biopsy was not feasible. Conclusion: Through this report, we emphasize the importance of considering intrahepatic splenosis as a remote possibility in patients with hepatic nodules who have a history of splenectomy. Keywords: Splenosis, Neoplasia, Liver, Splenectomy

Multiple malignant primary neoplasms in patients with gastric neoplasms in the health district of León Neoplasias primarias malignas múltiples en pacientes con cáncer gástrico en el área sanitaria de León

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Muela Molinero

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Objectives: we analyzed the characteristics of patients with gastric tumors diagnosed with multiple malignant primary neoplasm (MMPN in the Health District of León. Material and methods: using the information in the Tumor Registry at León Hospital patients selected were those with gastric neoplasms diagnosed between 1993 and 2002. A follow-up was performed until December 31, 2004, and the characteristics of patients diagnosed with a second neoplasm were analyzed. Results: MMPN prevalence was 1,96%; 56% of patients had a history of cancer in first-degree relatives. The most frequent second neoplasms were digestive (26% and urologic (21%; 87% of patients were diagnosed with a second neoplasm within the first two years. No significative differences in survival were observed among patients with synchronous or metachronous MMPN. Conclusions: MMPN in patients with gastric neoplasms is a relevant problem. While external carcinogenic agents could act as promoters in the development of second neoplasms, these patients seem to have a genetic background favoring the development of MMPN. Secondary prevention is the best measure to avoid MMPN development.Objetivos: analizar las características de los pacientes con tumores gástricos diagnosticados de una neoplasia primaria maligna múltiple (NPMM en el área sanitaria de León. Pacientes y método: utilizando los datos del Registro de Tumores del Hospital de León se han seleccionado aquellos pacientes con tumores gástricos diagnosticados entre 1993 y 2002. Se realizó un seguimiento hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2004 analizando las características de los pacientes diagnosticados de una segunda neoplasia durante el periodo de seguimiento. Resultados: la prevalencia de NPMM fue del 1,96%. El 56% de los pacientes tenían antecedentes oncológicos en familiares de primer grado. Las segundas neoplasias más frecuentes fueron las digestivas (26% y las urológicas (21%. El 87% de los pacientes fueron

Determinantes celulares, plasmáticos y genéticos de riesgo de trombosis y hemorragia en pacientes con neoplasias mieloproliferativas crónicas filadelfia negativo

OpenAIRE

Moreno Belmonte, María José

2010-01-01

Las Neoplasias Mieloproliferativas Crónicas Filadelfia negativo clásicas comprenden la trombocitemia esencial, la policitemia vera y la mielofibrosis primaria y se caracterizan por la expansión clonal de la célula madre pluripotente, produciendo como resultado una hipercelularidad medular de predominio de una línea específica; la trombosis y el sangrado son parte de la historia natural de este grupo de enfermedades, constituyendo sus principales causas de morbimortalidad. Trabajos recientes h...

Endoscopic submucosal dissection for early Barrett's neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Barret, Maximilien; Cao, Dalhia Thao; Beuvon, Frédéric; Leblanc, Sarah; Terris, Benoit; Camus, Marine; Coriat, Romain; Chaussade, Stanislas; Prat, Frédéric

2016-04-01

The possible benefit of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early neoplasia arising in Barrett's esophagus remains controversial. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ESD for the treatment of early Barrett's neoplasia. All consecutive patients undergoing ESD for the resection of a visible lesion in a Barrett's esophagus, either suspicious of submucosal infiltration or exceeding 10 mm in size, between February 2012 and January 2015 were prospectively included. The primary endpoint was the rate of curative resection of carcinoma, defined as histologically complete resection of adenocarcinomas without poor histoprognostic factors. Thirty-five patients (36 lesions) with a mean age of 66.2 ± 12 years, a mean ASA score of 2.1 ± 0.7, and a mean C4M6 Barrett's segment were included. The mean procedure time was 191 ± 79 mn, and the mean size of the resected specimen was 51.3 ± 23 mm. En bloc resection rate was 89%. Lesions were 12 ± 15 mm in size, and 81% (29/36) were invasive adenocarcinomas, six of which with submucosal invasion. Although R0 resection of carcinoma was 72.4%, the curative resection rate was 66% (19/29). After a mean follow-up of 12.9 ± 9 months, 16 (45.7%) patients had required additional treatment, among whom nine underwent surgical resection, and seven further endoscopic treatments. Metachronous lesions or recurrence of cancer developed during the follow-up period in 17.2% of the patients. The overall complication rate was 16.7%, including 8.3% perforations, all conservatively managed, and no bleeding. The 30-day mortality was 0%. In this early experience, ESD yielded a moderate curative resection rate in Barrett's neoplasia. At present, improvements are needed if ESD is to replace piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection in the management of Barrett's neoplasia.

Anal intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV+ men

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Richel, O.

2014-01-01

In this thesis we investigated several aspects of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) in HIV+ men who have sex with men (MSM). This condition has gained clinical interest because of the impressive increase of the anal cancer incidence in HIV+ MSM since the introduction of combination antiretroviral

PAPEL DE LAS IMÁGENES EN EL ESTUDIO DE LOS SÍNDROMES NEOPLÁSICOS HEREDITARIOS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dra. Paulina Neira

2017-07-01

Las Neoplasias Endocrinas Múltiples incluyen entre sus manifestaciones los tumores paratiroideos, los feocromocitomas, los tumores gastroenteropancreáticos y el cáncer medular de tiroides. Estas lesiones presentan características fisiológicas como expresión de receptores o hiperfunción celular que permiten obtener imágenes con técnicas de Medicina Nuclear que actualmente se denominan Imágenes Moleculares.

Fibrobronchoscopy in the lung neoplasia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Machin Gonzalez, Victoriano; Vieito Espinneira, Rodolfo; Freyre Serentill, Juan C.; Benito Soler, Isabel

1997-01-01

160 patients with a clinical-radiological picture suggesting lung neoplasia was conducted. Fibrobronchoscopy was performed as a reliable method to detect this disease. Punch biopsy, exfoliative cytology, and bronchial lavage Webre used to obtain specimens for the histological study. Of all the patients studied, 112 cases Webre positive and a proper diagnosis by biopsy was attained in 90 of them

Prostaglandin E2-induced colonic secretion in patients with and without colorectal neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kaltoft, Nicolai; Tilotta, Maria C; Witte, Anne-Barbara

2010-01-01

colorectal neoplasia. Patients without endoscopic findings of neoplasia served as controls. Biopsy specimens were obtained from normally appearing mucosa in the sigmoid part of colon. Biopsies were mounted in miniaturized modified Ussing air-suction chambers. Indomethacin (10 microM), various stimulators...

Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia: A 6 year retrospective study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sushruta Shrivastava

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Aims and Objectives: To study the clinical presentations of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia and its response to chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of 28 women of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia evaluated over a period of 6 years from January 2004 to December 2009. Patients were evaluated on the basis of their age, number of deliveries, history of abortion or molar pregnancy, and the treatment received. All patients were scored on the basis of WHO scoring system. Patients with low risk (score /=7 received multiple agent chemotherapy with EMACO regimen. After completion of chemotherapy patients were followed for a minimum of 2 years. The response to treatment was evaluated during follow-up by clinical examination, beta hCG levels and imaging as and when required. Results: Out of 28 women only 27 could be evaluated, because 1 patient was lost to follow-up. Out of 27 patients, 18 patients (66.67% achieved complete remission with the first-line chemotherapy and additional 25.92% (7/27 achieved complete remission with second line chemotherapy resulting in complete remission of 92.5% (25/27. Conclusion: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia is curable if patient is properly evaluated and scored. It shows good response to chemotherapy.

CALIDAD DE VIDA DE LOS PORTADORES DE NEOPLASIA DE CABEZA Y DE CUELLO EN FASE DIAGNÓSTICA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tereza Cristina Cavalcanti Ferreira de Araujo

2005-06-01

Full Text Available El interés por la calidad de vida (CV en la salud es consecuencia del desarrollo tecnológico que ha permitido mayor extensión de la vida a los portadores de enfermedades crónicas y degenerativas y ha exigido ajustes no sólo en las políticas de gestión y de disponibilidad de recursos, sino también en las decisiones clínicas, además de haber impuesto a la industria farmacéutica obediencia a reglas para el lanzamiento de drogas en el mercado. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la CV de 190 portadores de neoplasia de cabeza y de cuello (NCP, en la región central del Brasil. Los datos han sido obtenidos por medio de la Escala Análogo- Visual de Calidad de Vida para Portadores de NCP, de Font y Costa Neto (Costa Neto, 2002, y de las escalas EORTC C-30 y EORTC H&N-35. En la fase diagnóstica (N=190 ha habido una pérdida de 23.4% a 31.4% en la CV general. Se ha concluido que las dimensiones Síntomas, Relaciones Familiares y Sociales y CV Global han sido las que han ejercido el más fuerte impacto en la CV. Se sugiere la inclusión de ítems destinados a la evaluación de las estrategias de afrontamiento en los instrumentos de CV, buscando, por ejemplo, su utilización en la rutina asistencial junto al enfermo y su familia.

Concurrent endocrine neoplasias in dogs and cats: a retrospective study (2004-2014).

Science.gov (United States)

Beatrice, Laura; Boretti, Felicitas Schär; Sieber-Ruckstuhl, Nadja S; Mueller, Claudia; Kümmerle-Fraune, Claudia; Hilbe, Monika; Grest, Paula; Reusch, Claudia E

2018-03-17

Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) is a well-known syndrome in human medicine, whereas only a few cases of concurrent endocrine neoplasias have been reported in dogs and cats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of concurrent endocrine neoplasias in dogs and cats at our clinic, identify possible breed and sex predispositions and investigate similarities with MEN syndromes in humans. Postmortem reports of 951 dogs and 1155 cats that died or were euthanased at the Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, between 2004 and 2014 were reviewed, and animals with at least two concurrent endocrine neoplasias and/or hyperplasias were included. Twenty dogs and 15 cats met the inclusion criteria. In dogs, the adrenal glands were most commonly affected. Multiple tumours affecting the adrenal glands and the association of these tumours with pituitary adenomas were the most common tumour combinations. Only one dog had a combination resembling human MEN type 1 syndrome (pituitary adenoma and insulinoma). In cats, the thyroid glands were most commonly affected and there were no similarities to human MEN syndromes. The prevalence of concurrent endocrine neoplasia was 2.1 per cent in dogs and 1.3 per cent in cats and MEN-like syndromes are very rare in these species. © British Veterinary Association (unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Use of mammary epithelial antigens as markers in mammary neoplasia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ceriani, R.L.; Peterson, J.A.; Blank, E.W.

1979-01-01

Cell-type specific antigens of the mammary epithelial cells can be used as markers of breast neoplasia. Methods are proposed for the detection of metastatic mammary tissue in vivo by injection of [ 125 I]-labeled antibodies against the mammary epithelial antigens. In addition, the reduced expression of mammary epithelial cell antigens in neoplastic breast cells, quantitated here on a cell per cell basis by flow cytofluorimetry, is a marker of neoplasia and an indication of a deletion accompanying the neoplastic transformation of these cells. (Auth.)

Lobular neoplasia - borderline type of lesion - risk of subsequent development of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast, 13 years after excision of radial scar with multifocal lobular neoplasia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wardzynska, K.; Wesolowska, E.; Baranska, J.

2010-01-01

Background. Lobular neoplasia is a hyperplastic breast lesion - a borderline type of lesion with a high risk of subsequent development of invasive carcinoma. In case of radial scar diagnosis the risk of invasive carcinoma increases twice in comparison with healthy patients population while in the case of lobular neoplasia diagnosis within radial scar this risk increases 8 to 10 times. Basing on the presented case we analyse and review the literature regarding the clinical, radiological and pathological aspects of lobular neoplasia of the breast. Case report. A 67-yeas old patient was hospitalised in 1995 in order to consult the results of mammography, which revealed a radial scar lesion of the right breast. The patient was then referred to undergo wide local excision. Pathological examination showed dysplastic changes of the radial scar type with 1 cm multifocal lobular neoplasia. The patient was systematically followed clinically and radiologically during the decade 1996-2006 and all examination results were normal. In 2008, an ill-defined nodule appeared within the scar on mammography examination. This was categorized as BI-RADS 4C. The mammotomic biopsy performed under ultrasonography control revealed invasive lobular carcinoma. The tumor was totally locally excised and the sentinel node was histologically verified. The histopathological examination revealed a 1.6 cm focus of invasive lobular carcinoma and the sentinel node was negative. Conclusion. Patients with detected lobular neoplasia should be treated as a risk group of invasive breast cancer development (30-40% vs 10% in a healthy population during the entire life period). Systematic clinical and radiological follow-up should be mandatory. (authors)

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2: achievements and current challenges

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andreas Machens

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Incremental advances in medical technology, such as the development of sensitive hormonal assays for routine clinical care, are the drivers of medical progress. This principle is exemplified by the creation of the concept of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2, encompassing medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma, and primary hyperparathyroidism, which did not emerge before the early 1960s. This review sets out to highlight key achievements, such as joint biochemical and DNA-based screening of individuals at risk of developing multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2, before casting a spotlight on current challenges which include: (i ill-defined upper limits of calcitonin assays for infants and young children, rendering it difficult to implement the biochemical part of the integrated DNA-based/biochemical concept; (ii our increasingly mobile society in which different service providers are caring for one individual at various stages in the disease process. With familial relationships disintegrating as a result of geographic dispersion, information about the history of the origin family may become sketchy or just unavailable. This is when DNA-based gene tests come into play, confirming or excluding an individual's genetic predisposition to multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 even before there is any biochemical or clinical evidence of the disease. However, the unrivaled molecular genetic progress in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 does not come without a price. Screening may uncover unknown gene sequence variants representing either harmless polymorphisms or pathogenic mutations. In this setting, functional characterization of mutant cells in vitro may generate helpful ancillary evidence with regard to the pathogenicity of gene variants in comparison with established mutations.

Neoplasias malignas: caracterización

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Freddie Hernández Cisneros

1997-02-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio transversal con el objetivo de caracterizar a los pacientes con neoplasias malignas en un área de salud desde marzo de 1994 hasta agosto del mismo año; el universo de estudio estuvo representado por 75 pacientes diagnosticados con algún tipo de afección maligna y el registro primario de los datos, por una encuesta con variables seleccionadas; se procesó la información de una forma computadorizada. Se encontraron como resultados más importantes: una mayor incidencia en el grupo de edad de 50 años y más; un 56 % fumaba y un 17,33 % ingería bebidas alcohólicas; las 3 localizaciones más frecuentes fueron: mama, cuello del útero y piel, y se detectaron deficiencias llamativas en la promoción y la prevención de estas enfermedades.: A cross-sectional study was carried out, with the aim of characterizing the patients with malignant neoplasms in a health area, from March 1994 to August of the same year; the universe of study was represented by 75 patients diagnosed with some kind of malignant disease, and the primary score of the data, by means of a survey with selected variables; information was processed in a computed way. The most important results found, were: the highest incidence in the 50 years old or more age group; the 56 % smoked, and the 17.33 % drank alcoholic beverages; the three most frequent sites, were: breast, cervix uteri and skin, and also outstanding defficiencies were detected in the promotion and prevention of these diseases.

Piroxicam decreases postirradiation colonic neoplasia in the rat.

Science.gov (United States)

Northway, M G; Scobey, M W; Cassidy, K T; Geisinger, K R

1990-12-01

This study evaluated the effects of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent piroxicam on chronic radiation proctitis in the rat. Forty female Wistar rats received a 2250-cGy dose of irradiation to the distal 2 cm of the colon. Twenty received piroxicam 8.0 mg/kg orally 30 minutes before exposure and 24 hours after exposure; 20 rats served as irradiated controls. All animals were evaluated by colonoscopy 1 and 3 weeks postexposure and every third week until death or killing at 1 year. At killing, colons were removed for light microscopic examination. One year postirradiation results showed no differences in mortality, vascular changes, acute inflammation, colitis cystica profunda, or rectal stricture between the control and piroxicam-treated groups. However, at 1 year postirradiation the control group demonstrated neoplasia in 15 of 19 animals compared with eight of 20 animals in the piroxicam-treated group. The first endoscopic appearance of colonic neoplasm occurred at 15 weeks postirradiation in one control irradiated rat whereas the first evidence of endoscopic neoplasm in the piroxicam-treated group did not occur until 36 weeks postirradiation. Histologic examination documented a tendency toward a greater presence of adenocarcinomas in the control group compared with the piroxicam-treated group. The authors conclude that piroxicam treatment significantly decreased the incidence of colonic neoplasia in general as well as delayed the endoscopic appearance of colonic neoplasia in rats after pelvic irradiation.

Calidad de vida de los portadores de neoplasia de cabeza y de cuello en fase diagnóstica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sebastião Benício da Costa Neto

2005-01-01

Full Text Available El interés por la calidad de vida (CV en la salud es consecuencia del desarrollo tecnológico que ha permitido mayor extensión de la vida a los portadores de enfermedades crónicas y degenerativas y ha exigido ajustes no sólo en las políticas de gestión y de disponibilidad de recursos, sino también en las decisiones clínicas, además de haber impuesto a la industria farmacéutica obediencia a reglas para el lanzamiento de drogas en el mercado. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la CV de 190 portadores de neoplasia de cabeza y de cuello (NCP, en la región central del Brasil. Los datos han sido obtenidos por medio de la Escala Análogo- Visual de Calidad de Vida para Portadores de NCP, de Font y Costa Neto (Costa Neto, 2002, y de las escalas EORTC C-30 y EORTC H&N-35. En la fase diagnóstica (N=190 ha habido una pérdida de 23.4% a 31.4% en la CV general. Se ha concluido que las dimensiones Síntomas, Relaciones Familiares y Sociales y CV Global han sido las que han ejercido el más fuerte impacto en la CV. Se sugiere la inclusión de ítems destinados a la evaluación de las estrategias de afrontamiento en los instrumentos de CV, buscando, por ejemplo, su utilización en la rutina asistencial junto al enfermo y su familia.

Systematic review with meta-analysis: the incidence of advanced neoplasia after polypectomy in patients with and without low-risk adenomas.

Science.gov (United States)

Hassan, C; Gimeno-García, A; Kalager, M; Spada, C; Zullo, A; Costamagna, G; Senore, C; Rex, D K; Quintero, E

2014-05-01

Patients with one to two tubular adenomas advanced neoplasia as those with no neoplasia at baseline colonoscopy. To compare incidence of metachronous advanced neoplasia between patients in the low-risk adenoma group and those without neoplasia at index colonoscopy. Relevant publications were identified by MEDLINE/EMBASE and other databases for the period 1992-2013. Studies comparing the incidence of post-polypectomy advanced neoplasia (adenomas ≥10 mm/high-grade dysplasia/villous or cancer) between the low-risk group and patients without colorectal neoplasia at the first colonoscopy were included. Detection rates for advanced neoplasia at endoscopic surveillance were extracted. Study quality was ascertained according to Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Forest plot was produced based on random-effect models. Inter-study heterogeneity was assessed using the I(2) statistic. Seven studies provided data on 11 387 patients. Mean surveillance periods ranged between 2 and 5 years. Altogether, 267 patients with post-polypectomy advanced neoplasia were detected in the two groups. The incidence of advanced neoplasia was 1.6% (119/7308) in those without neoplasia and 3.6% (148/4079) in those with low-risk adenoma, respectively, corresponding to a relative risk of 1.8 (95% CI: 1.3-2.6). Inter-study heterogeneity was only moderate (I(2) : 37%). No publication bias was present. Patients with low-risk adenomas at baseline had a higher risk of metachronous advanced neoplasia than the group with no adenomas at baseline, though the absolute risk was low in both groups. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection for early Barrett’s neoplasia

Science.gov (United States)

Barret, Maximilien; Cao, Dalhia Thao; Beuvon, Frédéric; Leblanc, Sarah; Terris, Benoit; Camus, Marine; Coriat, Romain; Chaussade, Stanislas

2015-01-01

Introduction The possible benefit of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early neoplasia arising in Barrett’s esophagus remains controversial. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ESD for the treatment of early Barrett’s neoplasia. Methods All consecutive patients undergoing ESD for the resection of a visible lesion in a Barrett’s esophagus, either suspicious of submucosal infiltration or exceeding 10 mm in size, between February 2012 and January 2015 were prospectively included. The primary endpoint was the rate of curative resection of carcinoma, defined as histologically complete resection of adenocarcinomas without poor histoprognostic factors. Results Thirty-five patients (36 lesions) with a mean age of 66.2 ± 12 years, a mean ASA score of 2.1 ± 0.7, and a mean C4M6 Barrett’s segment were included. The mean procedure time was 191 ± 79 mn, and the mean size of the resected specimen was 51.3 ± 23 mm. En bloc resection rate was 89%. Lesions were 12 ± 15 mm in size, and 81% (29/36) were invasive adenocarcinomas, six of which with submucosal invasion. Although R0 resection of carcinoma was 72.4%, the curative resection rate was 66% (19/29). After a mean follow-up of 12.9 ± 9 months, 16 (45.7%) patients had required additional treatment, among whom nine underwent surgical resection, and seven further endoscopic treatments. Metachronous lesions or recurrence of cancer developed during the follow-up period in 17.2% of the patients. The overall complication rate was 16.7%, including 8.3% perforations, all conservatively managed, and no bleeding. The 30-day mortality was 0%. Conclusion In this early experience, ESD yielded a moderate curative resection rate in Barrett’s neoplasia. At present, improvements are needed if ESD is to replace piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection in the management of Barrett’s neoplasia. PMID:27087948

Parathyroid mitogenic activity in plasma from patients with familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brandi, M.L.; Aurbach, G.D.; Fitzpatrick, L.A.; Quarto, R.; Spiegel, A.M.; Bliziotes, M.M.; Norton, J.A.; Doppman, J.L.; Marx, S.J.

1986-01-01

Hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands is a central feature of familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. We used cultured bovine parathyroid cells to test for mitogenic activity in plasma from patients with this disorder. Normal plasma stimulated [ 3 H]thymidine incorporation, on the average, to the same extent as it was stimulated in a plasma-free control culture. This contrasted with the results of the tests with plasma from patients with familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, in which parathyroid mitogenic activity increased 2400 percent over the control value (P less than 0.001). Plasma from these patients also stimulated the proliferation of bovine parathyroid cells in culture, whereas plasma from normal subjects inhibited it. Parathyroid mitogenic activity in plasma from the patients with familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 was greater than that in plasma from patients with various other disorders, including sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism (with adenoma, hyperplasia, or cancer of the parathyroid), sporadic primary hypergastrinemia, sporadic pituitary tumor, familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (P less than 0.05). Parathyroid mitogenic activity in the plasma of patients with familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 persisted for up to four years after total parathyroidectomy. The plasma also had far more mitogenic activity in cultures of parathyroid cells than did optimal concentrations of known growth factors or of any parathyroid secretagogue. This mitogenic activity had an apparent molecular weight of 50,000 to 55,000. We conclude that primary hyperparathyroidism in familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 may have a humoral cause

Morbilidad y mortalidad en una serie de pacientes con neoplasias del peritoneo, tratados con citorreducción peritoneal más quimioterapia hipertérmica intraperitoneal en el Hospital Universitario de la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá (ONCOLGroup - estudio ATIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

F. Arias

2012-04-01

Conclusiones: La cirugía citorreductiva más HIPEC en pacientes bien seleccionados con neoplasias las cuales afectan el peritoneo, resulta un procedimiento que se puede realizar en Colombia con un adecuado perfil de seguridad y eficacia. La mortalidad fue similar a lo reportado en la literatura mundial.

Genetics Home Reference: X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia

Science.gov (United States)

... Conditions XMEN X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia Printable PDF Open All Close ... boxes. Description X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and neoplasia (typically known by the acronym ...

Clinical significance of serum anti-human papillomavirus 16 and 18 antibodies in cervical neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Chay, Doo Byung; Cho, Hanbyoul; Kim, Bo Wook; Kang, Eun Suk; Song, Eunseop; Kim, Jae-Hoon

2013-02-01

To estimate the clinical significance of serum anti-human papillomavirus (HPV) antibodies and high-risk cervical HPV DNA in cervical neoplasia. The study population comprised patients who were histopathologically diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 (n=64), CIN 2 and 3 (n=241), cervical cancer (n=170), and normal control participants (n=975). Cervical HPV DNA tests were performed through nucleic acid hybridization assay tests, and serum anti-HPV 16 and 18 antibodies were measured by competitive immunoassay. The associations of HPV DNA and anti-HPV antibodies were evaluated with demographic characteristics and compared according to the levels of disease severity. Anti-HPV antibodies were also investigated with clinicopathologic parameters, including survival data. Among various demographic characteristics, factors involving sexual behavior had a higher tendency of HPV DNA positivity and HPV seropositivity. Human papillomavirus DNA mean titer and positivity were both increased in patients with cervical neoplasia compared with those with normal control participants, but there was no statistical difference among types of cervical neoplasia. Serum anti-HPV 16 antibodies were also able to differentiate cervical neoplasia from a normal control participant and furthermore distinguished CIN 1 from CIN 2 and 3 (odd ratio 2.87 [1.43-5.78], P=.002). In cervical cancer, HPV 16 seropositivity was associated with prolonged disease-free survival according to the univariable analysis (hazard ratio=0.12 [0.01-0.94], P=.044). Serum anti-HPV 16 antibodies can distinguish cervical neoplasia from a normal control and has the advantage of identifying high-grade CIN. Moreover, in cervical cancer, HPV 16 seropositivity may be associated with a more favorable prognosis. II.

Piroxicam decreases postirradiation colonic neoplasia in the rat

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Northway, M.G.; Scobey, M.W.; Cassidy, K.T.; Geisinger, K.R.

1990-01-01

This study evaluated the effects of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent piroxicam on chronic radiation proctitis in the rat. Forty female Wistar rats received a 2250-cGy dose of irradiation to the distal 2 cm of the colon. Twenty received piroxicam 8.0 mg/kg orally 30 minutes before exposure and 24 hours after exposure; 20 rats served as irradiated controls. All animals were evaluated by colonoscopy 1 and 3 weeks postexposure and every third week until death or killing at 1 year. At killing, colons were removed for light microscopic examination. One year postirradiation results showed no differences in mortality, vascular changes, acute inflammation, colitis cystica profunda, or rectal stricture between the control and piroxicam-treated groups. However, at 1 year postirradiation the control group demonstrated neoplasia in 15 of 19 animals compared with eight of 20 animals in the piroxicam-treated group. The first endoscopic appearance of colonic neoplasm occurred at 15 weeks postirradiation in one control irradiated rat whereas the first evidence of endoscopic neoplasm in the piroxicam-treated group did not occur until 36 weeks postirradiation. Histologic examination documented a tendency toward a greater presence of adenocarcinomas in the control group compared with the piroxicam-treated group. The authors conclude that piroxicam treatment significantly decreased the incidence of colonic neoplasia in general as well as delayed the endoscopic appearance of colonic neoplasia in rats after pelvic irradiation. 41 references

Piroxicam decreases postirradiation colonic neoplasia in the rat

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Northway, M.G.; Scobey, M.W.; Cassidy, K.T.; Geisinger, K.R. (Wake Forest Univ., Winston Salem, NC (USA))

1990-12-01

This study evaluated the effects of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent piroxicam on chronic radiation proctitis in the rat. Forty female Wistar rats received a 2250-cGy dose of irradiation to the distal 2 cm of the colon. Twenty received piroxicam 8.0 mg/kg orally 30 minutes before exposure and 24 hours after exposure; 20 rats served as irradiated controls. All animals were evaluated by colonoscopy 1 and 3 weeks postexposure and every third week until death or killing at 1 year. At killing, colons were removed for light microscopic examination. One year postirradiation results showed no differences in mortality, vascular changes, acute inflammation, colitis cystica profunda, or rectal stricture between the control and piroxicam-treated groups. However, at 1 year postirradiation the control group demonstrated neoplasia in 15 of 19 animals compared with eight of 20 animals in the piroxicam-treated group. The first endoscopic appearance of colonic neoplasm occurred at 15 weeks postirradiation in one control irradiated rat whereas the first evidence of endoscopic neoplasm in the piroxicam-treated group did not occur until 36 weeks postirradiation. Histologic examination documented a tendency toward a greater presence of adenocarcinomas in the control group compared with the piroxicam-treated group. The authors conclude that piroxicam treatment significantly decreased the incidence of colonic neoplasia in general as well as delayed the endoscopic appearance of colonic neoplasia in rats after pelvic irradiation. 41 references.

Preliminary stop of the TOPical Imiquimod treatment of high-grade Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (TOPIC) trial

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Koeneman, M. M.; Kruse, Arnold-Jan; Kooreman, L. F. S.; zur Hausen, Axel; Hopman, Anton H N; Sep, S. J. S.; Van Gorp, T.; Slangen, B. F. M.; van Beekhuizen, H. J.; de Sande, Michiel A. J. van; Gerestein, Cornelis G.; Nijman, H. W.; Kruitwagen, R. F. M. P.

2017-01-01

The "TOPical Imiquimod treatment of high-grade Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia" (TOPIC) trial was stopped preliminary, due to lagging inclusions. This study aimed to evaluate the treatment efficacy and clinical applicability of imiquimod 5% cream in high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Berney, Daniel M; Looijenga, Leendert H J; Idrees, Muhammad

2016-01-01

The pre-invasive lesion associated with post-pubertal malignant germ cell tumours of the testis was first recognized in the early 1970s and confirmed by a number of observational and follow-up studies. Until this year, this scientific story has been confused by resistance to the entity and disagr......The pre-invasive lesion associated with post-pubertal malignant germ cell tumours of the testis was first recognized in the early 1970s and confirmed by a number of observational and follow-up studies. Until this year, this scientific story has been confused by resistance to the entity...... and disagreement on its name. Initially termed 'carcinoma in situ' (CIS), it has also been known as 'intratubular germ cell neoplasia, unclassified' (IGCNU) and 'testicular intraepithelial neoplasia' (TIN). In this paper, we review the history of discovery and controversy concerning these names and introduce...

Inmunología tumoral y neoplasias del sistema inmune

OpenAIRE

Sen Fernández, María Luz de la; Sempere Ortells, José Miguel; Marco, Francisco M.; Vázquez Araujo, Begoña

2012-01-01

Inmunología tumoral: vigilancia inmunológica, antígenos tumorales, respuesta inmune antitumoral, escape tumoral. Inmunología y diagnóstico. Inmunoterapia. Neoplasias del sistema inmune: leucemias y linfomas.

Características de um grupo de adolescentes com suspeita de neoplasia intra-epitelial cervical Characteristics of a group of adolescents with suspected cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Isabel do Nascimento

2005-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: avaliar a prevalência de alterações citológicas, colposcópicas e histopatológicas observadas no colo uterino de adolescentes com suspeita de neoplasia cervical e as correlações epidemiológicas, compararando com mulheres adultas jovens. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal, retrospectivo de revisão de 366 prontuários de mulheres encaminhadas para esclarecimento diagnóstico com suspeita de neoplasia cervical. As pacientes foram classificadas em dois grupos definidos por idade. O grupo Adolescente foi composto por 129 mulheres de 13 a 19 anos e o grupo Adulta foi composto por 237 mulheres de 20 a 24 anos. Foram calculados razão de prevalência (RP, respectivos intervalos de confiança (IC a 95% para cada variável, teste chi2 ou teste exato de Fisher quando aplicável para comparação das proporções. RESULTADOS: a sexarca ocorreu em média aos 15,0 anos no grupo Adolescente e 16,6 anos no grupo Adulta. A chance de diagnóstico de alterações citológicas no primeiro exame realizado (RP=2,61; IC 95%: 2,0-3,4, a condição neoplasia intra-epitelial cervical (NIC a esclarecer (RP=1,78; IC 95%: 1,26-2,52 e a colposcopia de baixo grau (RP=1,42; IC 95%: 1,08-1,86 foram estatisticamente significantes no grupo Adolescente. A análise histopatológica não mostrou diferenças para qualquer grau de NIC. Entretanto, foram identificados dois casos de carcinoma microinvasor, sendo um em cada grupo, e três casos de carcinoma invasor no grupo Adulta. CONCLUSÃO: nosso estudo sugere que o câncer de colo uterino é raro na adolescência, mas verificamos que alterações a ele associadas aconteceram em mulheres muito jovens. A investigação da neoplasia intra-epitelial cervical com a aplicação criteriosa dos mesmos métodos utilizados para a mulher adulta foi apropriada também na adolescência.PURPOSE: to evaluate the prevalence of cytologic, colposcopic and histopathologic alterations observed in the uterine cervix of adolescents with

Detection of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Patients with Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Lamos, Cristina; Mihaljevic, Charlotte; Aulmann, Sebastian; Bruckner, Thomas; Domschke, Christoph; Wallwiener, Markus; Paringer, Carmen; Fluhr, Herbert; Schott, Sarah; Dinkic, Christine; Brucker, Janina; Golatta, Michael; Gensthaler, Lisa; Eichbaum, Michael; Sohn, Christof; Rom, Joachim

2016-01-01

Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) is a pre-malignant lesion, potentially leading to vaginal cancer. It is a rare disease, representing less than 1% of all intraepithelial neoplasia of the female genital tract. Similar to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), there are three different grades of VAIN. VAIN 1 is also known as a low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), whereas VAIN 2 and VAIN 3 both represent high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). Risk factors for the development of VAIN are similar to those for cervical neoplasia, i.e. promiscuity, starting sexual activity at an early age, tobacco consumption and infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). However, compared to other intraepithelial neoplasia such as CIN or VIN (vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia), there still is little understanding about the natural course of VAIN and its capacity for pro- or regression. Furthermore, there is controversial data about the HPV detection rate in VAIN lesions. 67 patients with histologically confirmed VAIN, who were diagnosed between 2003 and 2011 at the University Women´s Hospital of Heidelberg Germany, were included in this study. The biopsies of all participating patients were subjected to HPV genotyping. GP-E6/E7 Nested Multiplex PCR (NMPCR) was used to identify and genotype HPV. Eighteen pairs of type-specific nested PCR primers were assessed to detect the following "high-risk" HPV genotypes: 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66 and 68, as well as the "low-risk" genotypes 6/11, 42, 43 and 44. The data was analyzed with the software SAS (Statistical Analysis System). All 67 cases were eligible for DNA analysis. The median age was 53 years. The largest group with 53% (n = 36) was formed by women, who were first diagnosed with VAIN between the age of 41 to 60 years. 50% (n = 37) of the patients presented a VAIN in the upper 1/3 of the vagina. 58 (87%) were diagnosed with HSIL (VAIN). The median age in patients with LSIL

Investigating work-related neoplasia associated with solar radiation.

Science.gov (United States)

Turner, S; Forman, S D; McNamee, R; Wilkinson, S M; Agius, R

2015-01-01

Both solar and non-solar exposures associated with occupation and work tasks have been reported as skin carcinogens. In the UK, there are well-established surveillance schemes providing relevant information, including when exposures took place, occupation, location of work and dates of symptom onset and diagnosis. To add to the evidence on work-related skin neoplasia, including causal agents, geographical exposure and time lag between exposure and diagnosis. This study investigated incident case reports of occupational skin disease originating from clinical specialists in dermatology reporting to a UK-wide surveillance scheme (EPIDERM) by analysing case reports of skin neoplasia from 1996 to 2012 in terms of diagnosis, employment, suspected causal agent and symptom onset. The suspected causal agent was 'sun/sunlight/ultraviolet light' in 99% of the reported work-related skin neoplasia cases. Most cases reported (91%) were in males, and the majority (62%) were aged over 65 at the time of reporting. More detailed information on exposure was available for 42% of the cases, with the median time from exposure to symptom onset ranging from 44 (melanoma) to 57 (squamous cell carcinoma) years. Irrespective of diagnostic category, the median duration of exposure to 'sun/sunlight/ultraviolet light' appeared longer where exposures occurred in the UK (range 39-51 years) rather than outside the UK (range 2.5-6.5 years). It is important to provide effective information about skin protection to workers exposed to solar radiation, especially to outdoor workers based outside the UK. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Occupational Medicine. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Prevalencia de citología anormal e inflamación y su asociación con factores de riesgo para neoplasias del cuello uterino en el cauca, colombia

OpenAIRE

Sierra-Torres, Carlos H.; Tafurt-Cardona, Yaliana; Acosta-Astaiza, Claudia P

2012-01-01

Objetivos Establecer la prevalencia del resultado de citología anormal e inflamación y su asociación con factores de riesgo para neoplasias del cuello uterino en mujeres del departamento del Cauca, Colombia. Metodología Después de la firma voluntaria del consentimiento informado, las mujeres fueron entrevistadas a través de un cuestionario para colectar variables de tipo sociodemográfico y clínico, incluyendo historia reproductiva, actividad sexual, historia de citología y hábito de fumar. Po...

ALTERAÇÕES NO HEMOGRAMA DE CADELAS COM NEOPLASIA MAMÁRIA

OpenAIRE

Antonio Henrique Cereda da Silva; Daniella Matos da Silva; Cristina Rauen Ribas; Rosangela Locatelli Dittrich; Peterson Triches Dornbusch; Simone Domit Guérios

2014-01-01

As alterações no hemograma estão direta ou indiretamente relacionadas com câncer e são pouco descritas em cadelas com neoplasia mamária. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as alterações hematológicas em 161 cadelas portadoras de neoplasia mamária e correlacionar à progressão da doença. As principais alterações hematológicas encontradas foram anemia normocítica e normocrômica e leucocitose neutrofílica, sendo ambas mais frequentes em cadelas em estádio avançado (III, IV ou V) da doença. Conc...

Transporter function and cyclic AMP turnover in normal colonic mucosa from patients with and without colorectal neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kleberg Karen

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The pathogenesis of colorectal neoplasia is still unresolved but has been associated with alterations in epithelial clearance of xenobiotics and metabolic waste products. The aim of this study was to functionally characterize the transport of cyclic nucleotides in colonic biopsies from patients with and without colorectal neoplasia. Methods Cyclic nucleotides were used as model substrates shared by some OATP- and ABC-transporters, which in part are responsible for clearance of metabolites and xenobiotics from the colonic epithelium. On colonic biopsies from patients with and without colorectal neoplasia, molecular transport was electrophysiologically registered in Ussing-chamber set-ups, mRNA level of selected transporters was quantified by rt-PCR, and subcellular location of transporters was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results Of four cyclic nucleotides, dibuturyl-cAMP induced the largest short circuit current in both patient groups. The induced short circuit current was significantly lower in neoplasia-patients (p = 0.024. The observed altered transport of dibuturyl-cAMP in neoplasia-patients could not be directly translated to an observed increased mRNA expression of OATP4A1 and OATP2B1 in neoplasia patients. All other examined transporters were expressed to similar extents in both patient groups. Conclusions OATP1C1, OATP4A1, OATP4C1 seem to be involved in the excretory system of human colon. ABCC4 is likely to be involved from an endoplasmic-Golgi complex and basolateral location in goblet cells. ABCC5 might be directly involved in the turnover of intracellular cAMP at the basolateral membrane of columnar epithelial cells, while OATP2B1 is indirectly related to the excretory system. Colorectal neoplasia is associated with lower transport or sensitivity to cyclic nucleotides and increased expression of OATP2B1 and OATP4A1 transporters, known to transport PGE2.

Chlamydia trachomatis infection and risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lehtinen, Matti; Ault, Kevin A; Lyytikainen, Erika

2011-01-01

High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is the primary cause of cervical cancer. As Chlamydia trachomatis is also linked to cervical cancer, its role as a potential co-factor in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 or higher was examined....

Tobacco, alcohol, and p53 overexpression in early colorectal neoplasia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Terry, Mary Beth; Neugut, Alfred I; Mansukhani, Mahesh; Waye, Jerome; Harpaz, Noam; Hibshoosh, Hanina

2003-01-01

The p53 tumor suppressor gene is commonly mutated in colorectal cancer. While the effect of p53 mutations on colorectal cancer prognosis has been heavily studied, less is known about how epidemiologic risk factors relate to p53 status, particularly in early colorectal neoplasia prior to clinically invasive colorectal cancer (including adenomas, carcinoma in situ (CIS), and intramucosal carcinoma). We examined p53 status, as measured by protein overexpression, in 157 cases with early colorectal neoplasia selected from three New York City colonoscopy clinics. After collecting paraffin-embedded tissue blocks, immunohistochemistry was performed using an anti-p53 monoclonal mouse IgG 2 a [BP53-12-1] antibody. We analyzed whether p53 status was different for risk factors for colorectal neoplasia relative to a polyp-free control group (n = 508). p53 overexpression was found in 10.3%, 21.7%, and 34.9%, of adenomatous polyps, CIS, and intramucosal cases, respectively. Over 90% of the tumors with p53 overexpression were located in the distal colon and rectum. Heavy cigarette smoking (30+ years) was associated with cases not overexpressing p53 (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.1–2.9) but not with those cases overexpressing p53 (OR = 1.0, 95% CI = 0.4–2.6). Heavy beer consumption (8+ bottles per week) was associated with cases overexpressing p53 (OR = 4.0, 95% CI = 1.3–12.0) but not with cases without p53 overexpression (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 0.7–3.7). Our findings that p53 overexpression in early colorectal neoplasia may be positively associated with alcohol intake and inversely associated with cigarette smoking are consistent with those of several studies of p53 expression and invasive cancer, and suggest that there may be relationships of smoking and alcohol with p53 early in the adenoma to carcinoma sequence

Male pattern baldness and risk of colorectal neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Keum, N; Cao, Y; Lee, D H; Park, S M; Rosner, B; Fuchs, C S; Wu, K; Giovannucci, E L

2016-01-12

Male pattern baldness is positively associated with androgens as well as insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and insulin, all of which are implicated in pathogenesis of colorectal neoplasia. From 1992 through 2010, we prospectively followed participants in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. Hair pattern at age 45 years was assessed at baseline with five image categories (no baldness, frontal-only baldness, frontal-plus-mild-vertex baldness, frontal-plus-moderate-vertex baldness, and frontal-plus-severe-vertex baldness). Cancer analysis included 32 782 men and used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Restricted to men who underwent at least one endoscopy over the study period, adenoma analysis included 29 770 men and used logistic regressions for clustered data to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. Over the mean follow-up of 15.6 years, 710 cases of colorectal cancer (478 for colon, 152 for rectum, and 80 unknown site) developed. Significantly increased risks associated with frontal-only baldness and frontal-plus-mild-vertex baldness relative to no baldness were observed for colon cancer with respective HR being 1.29 (95% CI, 1.03-1.62) and 1.31 (95% CI, 1.01-1.70). Over the 19-year study period, 3526 cases of colorectal adenoma were detected. Evidence for an increased risk of colorectal adenoma relative to no baldness was significant with frontal-only baldness (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.06-1.26) and borderline insignificant with frontal-plus-severe-vertex baldness (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.98-1.33). Subtypes of male pattern baldness at age 45 years were positively associated with colorectal neoplasia. Future studies are warranted to confirm our results and to determine the predictive value of male pattern baldness to identify those at high risk for colorectal neoplasia.

Cold-knife and laser conization for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tabor, A; Berget, A

1990-01-01

In a 5-year study, 425 women had conization performed for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I, II or III. Conization was performed only in cases of positive endocervical curettage or when colposcopy was inconclusive. In all other cases, local destruction was the operation of choice...

Can the Ni classification of vessels predict neoplasia? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Mehlum, Camilla S; Rosenberg, Tine; Dyrvig, Anne-Kirstine; Groentved, Aagot Moeller; Kjaergaard, Thomas; Godballe, Christian

2018-01-01

The Ni classification of vascular change from 2011 is well documented for evaluating pharyngeal and laryngeal lesions, primarily focusing on cancer. In the planning of surgery it may be more relevant to differentiate neoplasia from non-neoplasia. We aimed to evaluate the ability of the Ni classification to predict laryngeal or hypopharyngeal neoplasia and to investigate if a changed cutoff value would support the recent European Laryngological Society (ELS) proposal of perpendicular vascular changes as indicative of neoplasia. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus databases. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement. We systematically searched for publications from 2011 until 2016. All retrieved studies were reviewed and qualitatively assessed. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of the Ni classification with two different cutoffs were calculated, and bubble and summary receiver operating characteristics plots were created. The combined sensitivity of five studies (n = 687) with Ni type IV-V defined as test-positive was 0.89 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76-0.95), and specificity was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.72-0.89). The equivalent combined sensitivity of four studies (n = 624) with Ni type V defined as test-positive was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.75-0.87), and specificity was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.82-0.97). The diagnostic accuracy of the Ni classification in predicting neoplasia was high, without significant difference between the two analyzed cutoff values. Implementation of the proposed ELS classification of vascular changes seems reasonable from a clinical perspective, with comparable accuracy. Attention must be drawn to the accompanying risk of exposing patients to unnecessary surgery. Laryngoscope, 128:168-176, 2018. © 2017 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.

Molecular events leading to HPV-induced high grade neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Saskia M. Wilting

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Cervical cancer is initiated by high-risk types of the human papillomavirus (hrHPV and develops via precursor stages, called cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN. High-grade CIN lesions are considered true precancerous lesions when the viral oncogenes E6 and E7 are aberrantly expressed in the dividing cells. This results in abolishment of normal cell cycle control via p53 and pRb degradation. However, it has become clear that these viral oncogenes possess additional oncogenic properties, including interference with the DNA methylation machinery and mitotic checkpoints. Identification of the resulting molecular events leading to high-grade neoplasia will 1 increase our understanding of cervical carcinogenesis, 2 yield biomarkers for early diagnosis, and 3 identify therapeutic targets for HPV-induced (pre cancerous lesions.This review will briefly summarise current advances in our understanding of the molecular alterations in the host cell genome that occur during HPV-induced carcinogenesis.

Retrospective evaluation of toceranib phosphate (Palladia) use in cats with mast cell neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Berger, Erika P; Johannes, Chad M; Post, Gerald S; Rothchild, Gillian; Shiu, Kai-Biu; Wetzel, Sarah; Fox, Leslie E

2018-02-01

Objectives The purpose of this study was to solicit and compile data from practicing veterinary specialists regarding their use of toceranib in cats with mast cell neoplasia and to provide initial assessment of possible clinical benefit and adverse events. Methods The American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine and Oncology listservs were used to solicit data pertaining to cases in which toceranib was used in the treatment of feline mast cell neoplasia. Cases were included if the following data were received: signalment (age, sex, breed), diagnosis of mast cell neoplasia by either cytology or histopathology, anatomic classification of disease (cutaneous, splenic/hepatic, gastrointestinal, other), previous and concurrent treatment, toceranib dose (mg/kg) and schedule, duration of therapy, best response and documentation of adverse events. Results Case data from 50 cats with cutaneous (n = 22), splenic/hepatic (visceral) (n = 10), gastrointestinal (n = 17) or other (n = 1) mast cell neoplasia were received. Clinical benefit was seen in 80% (40/50), including 86% (19/22) with cutaneous, 80% (8/10) with visceral and 76% (13/17) with gastrointestinal involvement. A majority of cats (n = 35) received glucocorticoids during toceranib treatment. Median duration of treatment in cats experiencing clinical benefit was 36 weeks (range 4-106 weeks), 48 weeks (range 12-199 weeks) and 23 weeks (range 13-81 weeks) for cutaneous, visceral and gastrointestinal cases, respectively. Toceranib was administered at a median dose of 2.5 mg/kg (range 1.6-3.5 mg/kg); in 90% (45/50) the drug was given three times per week. Treatment was generally well tolerated with 60% (30/50) of cats experiencing adverse events. The majority of these events were low-grade (grade 1 or 2) gastrointestinal or hematologic events that resolved with treatment break and/or dose adjustment. Conclusions and relevance Toceranib appears to be well tolerated in feline patients with mast cell neoplasia

Synchronous high-risk melanoma and lymphoid neoplasia.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Cahill, R A

2012-02-03

Large population-based studies have shown a significant association between melanoma and lymphoid neoplasia, particularly non-Hodgkin\\'s lymphoma (NHL) and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), that is independent of any treatment received for the initial tumour. This study examines the presentation, diagnosis, treatment and progress of three patients who developed advanced melanoma concurrently with a lymphoid neoplasm (one NHL, two CLLs), in order to illustrate their association, discuss common aetiological factors and examine possible therapeutic options. As it is the melanoma rather than the lymphoid neoplasm that represents the bigger threat to overall survival, initial treatment should be targeted towards this cancer. However, because of the interplay between the diseases and the possible side-effects of the various treatments, the choice of adjuvant therapy requires careful consideration. Immunosuppression associated with chemotherapy may permit a more aggressive course for the melanoma, while locoregional radiotherapy is contraindicated following lymph node dissections. As immunotherapy is of benefit in the treatment of melanoma and has also been recently shown to be effective in the management of lymphoid neoplasia, we instituted interferon-alpha as adjuvant therapy for these patients, thereby utilizing a single agent to treat the dual pathologies. The three patients have now been followed-up for 6 months without evidence of disease recurrence or progression.

Panorama epidemiológico de la mortalidad por cáncer en el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social: 1991-1995

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

SALMERÓN-CASTRO JORGE

1997-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Describir el comportamiento de la mortalidad global por cáncer, así como la mortalidad específica para las principales neoplasias malignas en población adulta derechohabiente (DH del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS. Material y métodos. A partir de los registros oficiales de defunción y de la información sobre la población para los años 1991-1995, se estimaron las tasas anuales de mortalidad global y específica para las 10 principales neoplasias malignas por sexo, en mayores de 20 años. Asimismo, se estimaron las tendencias nacionales y estatales para las principales neoplasias malignas para cada sexo por medio de regresión de Poisson. Se calcularon las diferencias de tasas de mortalidad específica para las dos principales neoplasias por sexo restando las tasas estatales a su respectiva tasa nacional en 1995. Resultados. La mortalidad global por cáncer en los hombres se incrementó de 76.2 en 1991, a 94.8 por 100 000 DH en 1995; entre las mujeres, ésta se incrementó de 85.6 a 105.8 por 100 000 DH, representando un incremento de 24.4 y de 24% en hombres y mujeres, respectivamente, durante el periodo de estudio. Entre los hombres las neoplasias de riñón, leucemia, páncreas, próstata y pulmón; y entre mujeres las de colon, mama, páncreas, leucemias e hígado, mostraron los incrementos más significativos. Conclusiones. En el IMSS es impostergable la conformación de un registro poblacional de cáncer que permita una mejor vigilancia epidemiológica de las neoplasias y una evaluación permanente del impacto de programas específicos para la prevención y control de este padecimiento en las instituciones.

EXPRESSION OF HPV 16 AND 18 IN CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kodali Venkataramana

2017-03-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is by far the most common human papilloma virus related disease. Nearly, all cases of cervical cancer can be attributable to human papilloma virus infection. Infection with the human papilloma virus is the main risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer especially the high-risk types. The aim of the study is to study the prevalence of high-risk human papilloma virus 16 and 18 in various grades of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS It is a prospective study for a period of two years. 50 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of various grades on histopathology were included in the study. Polymerase chain reaction DNA sequencing was done in all the cases. The patients were followed up for 1 year with Pap smears and results tabulated. RESULTS 77.77% of cases were human papilloma virus 16 positive and 22.22% for human papilloma virus 18. High-risk human papilloma virus was positive in 66.66% of cases beyond 30 years of age. In cases with positive HPV 16 or 18, 62.5% of CIN 1 cases progressed to CIN 2 on follow up for one year,all the CIN2 cases progressed to CIN 3 and CIN 3 cases persisted in the same phase. CONCLUSION High-risk human papilloma virus testing beyond 30 years should be included in the screening test along with Pap smears.

Hybrid capture 2 viral load and the 2-year cumulative risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Castle, Philip E; Schiffman, Mark; Wheeler, Cosette M

2004-11-01

The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical value of a semiquantitative measure of human papillomavirus viral load by the hybrid capture 2 assay for stratification of the risk of histologic cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or carcinoma. The Atypical Cells of Unknown Significance and Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions Triage Study was a randomized clinical trial of 5060 women with 2 years of follow-up to evaluate treatment strategies for women with equivocal or mildly abnormal cervical cytologic condition. The usefulness of the continuous hybrid capture 2 output relative light units/positive controls that were above the positive threshold (1.0 relative light units/positive controls), which was a surrogate for human papillomavirus viral load, for distinguishing between hybrid capture 2 positive women who were diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or carcinoma during the study from those who were not diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or carcinoma was examined with the use of receiver-operator characteristic analyses. Relative light units/positive controls values did not further discriminate between hybrid capture 2 positive women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or carcinoma from those with less than cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or carcinoma. The use of a cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or more severe or carcinoma case definition did not alter our findings. Among women with atypical cells of unknown significance or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion cervical cytologic findings, the hybrid capture 2 viral load measurement did not improve the detection of 2-year cumulative cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or carcinoma significantly.

Long-term results of exclusive low-dose rate curie-therapy for a high-grade vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Blanchard, P.; Monnier, L.; Dumas, I.; Azoury, F.; Mazeron, R.; Haie-Meder, C.

2010-01-01

The authors report the results of an exclusive low dose rate curie therapy for female patients treated for a grade 3 vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia. They reviewed the medical files of patients treated since 1983, i.e. 28 women. They analysed demographic characteristics, the clinic description of lesions, possible treatments which occurred before this high-grade vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia, possible previous history of cervical or endometrial cancer, curie therapy detailed data, presence of tumorous relapse. According to that, they conclude that a 60 Gy exclusive low- vaginal dose-rate curie-therapy is an efficient and well tolerated treatment for high-grade vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia. Short communication

The role of surgery in the management of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Doll, Kemi M; Soper, John T

2013-07-01

Although sensitive human chorionic gonadotropin assays and advances in chemotherapy have assumed primary importance in the management of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, surgery remains important in the overall care of these patients. Management of molar pregnancies consists of surgical evacuation and subsequent monitoring. Hysterectomy decreases the risk of post-molar trophoblastic disease in appropriate patients and, when incorporated to primary management of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, can decrease the chemotherapy requirements of patients with low-risk disease. In patients with high-risk disease, surgical intervention is frequently required to control complications of disease or as therapy to stabilize patients during chemotherapy. Hysterectomy, thoracotomy, or other extirpative procedures may be integrated into the management of patients with chemorefractory disease. Interventional procedures are useful adjuncts to control bleeding from metastases.

Esophagectomy for Superficial Esophageal Neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Watson, Thomas J

2017-07-01

Endoscopic therapies have become the standard of care for most cases of Barrett's esophagus with high-grade dysplasia or intramucosal adenocarcinoma. Despite a rapid and dramatic evolution in treatment paradigms, esophagectomy continues to occupy a place in the therapeutic armamentarium for superficial esophageal neoplasia. The managing physician must remain cognizant of the limitations of endoscopic approaches and consider surgical resection when they are exceeded. Esophagectomy, performed at experienced centers for appropriately selected patients with early-stage disease can be undertaken with the expectation of cure as well as low mortality, acceptable morbidity, and good long-term quality of life. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Chemotherapy for resistant or recurrent gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Alazzam, Mo'iad

2012-12-01

Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is a highly curable group of pregnancy-related tumours; however, approximately 25% of GTN tumours will be resistant to, or will relapse after, initial chemotherapy. These resistant and relapsed lesions will require salvage chemotherapy with or without surgery. Various salvage regimens are used worldwide. It is unclear which regimens are the most effective and the least toxic.

What is your diagnosis? [Intestinal neoplasia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Uehlinger, P.; Glaus, T.; Stoeckli, R.; Flueckiger, M.; Leuch, F.

1997-01-01

Iron lack anemia due to chronic blood loss was diagnosed in a 12-year-old dog. Clinical abnormalities included weakness and episodic vomiting. Typical hematological abnormalities were moderate regenerative anemia (Hct 21 %) and microcytosis (MCV 39 fl.). Chronic occult blood loss in adult dogs most commonly occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, associated with ulcus or neoplasia. Possible diagnostic steps include radiographs, abdominal ultrasound, gastroduodenoscopy, and exploratory laparotomy. In the present case gastric and duodenal adenocarcinomata were found during necropsy, confirming the clinical suspicion of a bleeding gastrointestinal malignancy

Role of the human papilloma virus in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and malignancy

OpenAIRE

Jastreboff, A; Cymet, T

2002-01-01

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a public health problem as a sexually transmitted disease and as a critical factor in the pathogenesis of various cancers. The clinical manifestations, epidemiology, and virology that are critical to understanding the process of cervical dysplasia and neoplasia are reviewed. A discussion of the cervical transformation zone and the classification of cervical dysplasia and neoplasia leads into the importance of the Papanicolaou smear in prevention of potentially d...

The Relationship Between Distal and Proximal Colonic Neoplasia : A Meta-Analysis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dodou, D.; De Winter, J.C.F.

2011-01-01

To investigate the association between proximal colonic neoplasia and distal lesions as a function of the lesion type. The extent to which health, demographic, and study characteristics moderate this association was also examined.

La dicotomía de los virus polioma: ¿Infección lítica o inducción de neoplasias? The paradox of polyomaviruses Lytic infection or tumor induction?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Norberto A. Sanjuan

2004-02-01

Full Text Available Los virus Polioma murinos provocan infecciones líticas en cultivos de células de ratón y transforman in vitro células de rata a través de la interacción de su oncogén mT con diversos reguladores celulares. Luego de su inoculación en ratones neonatos inducen neoplasias epiteliales y mesenquimáticas. Se ha propuesto que las cepas de polioma más oncogénicas son aquellas que previamente replican más en el ratón. Sin embargo, a nivel de una sola célula la infección lítica y la transformación deberían ser mutuamente excluyentes. En cada neoplasia han sido descriptos 3 tipos celulares según expresen el DNA viral solo o concomitantemente con la proteína mayor de la cápside VP1, o que no contengan DNA viral ni VP-1. En nuestro laboratorio detectamos la existencia de un cuarto tipo celular en las neoplasias, en el que se expresa la totalidad del genoma viral pero no ocurre el ensamblaje, probablemente por alteraciones en la fosforilación de VP-1. Se discuten los mecanismos de migración intracelular de Polioma, la diseminación en el ratón y los factores que podrían estar involucrados en la inducción de neoplasias o en la infección lítica inducidas por el virus.Murine polyomaviruses can produce lytic infections in mouse cell cultures or transform in vitro rat fibroblasts through a complex interaction with key cellular regulators. After infection of newborn mice, some strains of polyomavirus induce epithelial and mesenchymal tumors. It has been described that there is a direct relationship between viral dissemination in the mouse and tumor induction. However, at a single cell level lytic infection and transformation would not be able to coexist. The existence of 3 distinct cell populations in polyoma-induced tumors, classified according to the presence or absence of viral DNA and viral capsid protein VP-1 have been described. We have reported a fourth type of cell in the neoplasms, that can express the early and the late viral

Duração da Neoplasia Intra-Epitelial e do Carcinoma Invasor do Colo Uterino: Estudo Epidemiológico Duration of Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Invasive Carcinoma of the Cervix in Relation to Age at Diagnosis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luiz Carlos Zeferino

1998-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: estimar a duração e o tempo de evolução da neoplasia do colo uterino, a partir da infecção por papilomavírus humano (HPV até as formas invasoras avançadas, tomando como parâmetro a idade média ao diagnóstico. Método: estudo observacional-transversal que incluiu 1.177 mulheres com infecção por HPV, 1.561 com neoplasia intra-epitelial cervical (NIV e 773 com carcinoma invasor. Resultados: não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as médias de idade ao diagnóstico da NIC 1 e NIC 2. A duração da NIC 2 foi 2,2 anos e da NIC 3 foi 10,3 anos, sendo 4,1 anos como displasia grave e 6,2 anos como carcinoma in situ (CIS. A duração da lesão intra-epitelial escamosa de alto grau foi 12,5 anos e do carcinoma invasor estádio Ia, Ib e II foram, respectivamente, 3,0, 2,7 e 3,7 anos. Conclusões: de acordo com os resultados deste estudo, as NIC 1 e NIC 2 originam-se diretamente da infecção por HPV e a maioria das NIC 2 seria uma lesão transiente. A lesão de maior duração é o CIS e o tempo médio do período subclínico da neoplasia do colo uterino é de 18,2 anos. Estes resultados são discutidos em função do conhecimento mais atual da história natural do carcinoma do colo uterino e de outros estudos que estimaram a duração desta neoplasia.Purpose: to estimate the duration of cervical neoplasia from human pappilomavirus (HPV infection to advanced invasive carcinoma, using as paremeter the mean age of the women at diagnosis. Methods: this cross-sectional study included 1,177 women with HPV infection, 1,561 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN and 773 with invasive carcinoma. Results: the mean ages of CIN 1 and CIN 2 on diagnosis were not statistically different. The mean duration of CIN 2 was 2.2 years. The mean duration of CIN 3 was 10.3 years, with 4.1 years as severe dysplasia and 6.2 years as carcinoma in situ (CIS. The mean duration of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions was 12

The prognostic significance of virus-associated changes in grade 1 cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bagi, P; Worning, A M; Nordsten, M

1987-01-01

Virus-associated changes of the cervix uteri were assessed in patients treated for grade 1 cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN). Of 106 patients evaluated, 67 (63%) had virus-associated changes. The patients were treated without regard to the presence/absence of virus-associated changes. In 26...... patients the treatment was unsuccessful (persistence, recurrence, or progression of the neoplasia). The frequency of treatment failure was 33% in patients with, and 10% in patients without virus-associated changes (p less than 0.025). It is recommended that patients with CIN 1 and virus-associated changes...

Indications for percutaneous nephrostomy in patients with obstructive uropathy due to malignant urogenital neoplasias

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Frederico R. Romero

2005-04-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: Urogenital neoplasias frequently progress with obstructive uropathy due to local spreading or pelvic metastases. The urinary obstruction must be immediately relieved in order to avoid deterioration in these patients. The percutaneous nephrostomy is a safe and effective method for relief the obstruction; however the indications of such procedures have been questioned in patients with poor prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was performed with 43 patients (29 female and 14 male with urogenital neoplasias who were undergoing percutaneous nephrostomy during a 54-month period. The median age was 52 years. The primary tumoral site was the uterine cervix in 53.5% of patients, the bladder in 23.3%, the prostate in 11.6% and other sites in 11.6%. RESULTS: Postoperative complications occurred in 42.3% of the patients. There was no procedure-related mortality. Thirty-nine per cent of the patients died during the hospitalization period due to advanced neoplasia. The mortality rate was higher in patients with prostate cancer (p = 0.006, in patients over 52 years of age (p = 0.03 and in those who required hemodialysis before the procedure (p = 0.02. Thirty-two per cent of the patients survived long enough to undergo some form of treatment focused on the primary tumor. The survival rate was 40% at 6 months and 24.2% at 12 months. The percentage of the lifetime spent in hospitalization was 17.7%. The survival rate was higher in patients with neoplasia of the uterine cervix (p = 0.007 and in patients with 52 years of age or less (p = 0.008. CONCLUSION: Morbidity was high in this patient group; however, the majority of patients could be discharged from hospital and followed at home. Patients under 52 years of age and patients with neoplasia of the uterine cervix benefited most from the percutaneous nephrostomy when compared to patients with hormone therapy-refractory prostate cancer, bladder cancer or over 52 years of age.

Lobular neoplasia detected in MRI-guided core biopsy carries a high risk for upgrade: a study of 63 cases from four different institutions

Science.gov (United States)

Khoury, Thaer; Kumar, Prasanna R; Li, Zaibo; Karabakhtsian, Rouzan G; Sanati, Souzan; Chen, Xiwei; Wang, Dan; Liu, Song; Reig, Beatriu

2017-01-01

There are certain criteria to recommend surgical excision for lobular neoplasia diagnosed in mammographically detected core biopsy. The aims of this study are to explore the rate of upgrade of lobular neoplasia detected in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided biopsy and to investigate the clinicopathological and radiological features that could predict upgrade. We reviewed 1655 MRI-guided core biopsies yielding 63 (4%) cases of lobular neoplasia. Key clinical features were recorded. MRI findings including mass vs non-mass enhancement and the reason for biopsy were also recorded. An upgrade was defined as the presence of invasive carcinoma or ductal carcinoma in situ in subsequent surgical excision. The overall rate of lobular neoplasia in MRI-guided core biopsy ranged from 2 to 7%, with an average of 4%. A total of 15 (24%) cases had an upgrade, including 5 cases of invasive carcinoma and 10 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ. Pure lobular neoplasia was identified in 34 cases, 11 (32%) of which had upgrade. In this group, an ipsilateral concurrent or past history of breast cancer was found to be associated with a higher risk of upgrade (6/11, 55%) than contralateral breast cancer (1 of 12, 8%; P = 0.03). To our knowledge, this is the largest series of lobular neoplasia diagnosed in MRI-guided core biopsy. The incidence of lobular neoplasia is relatively low. Lobular neoplasia detected in MRI-guided biopsy carries a high risk for upgrade warranting surgical excision. However, more cases from different types of institutions are needed to verify our results. PMID:26564004

Nuclear Receptors and Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dreijerink, K.M.A.

2009-01-01

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an inherited syndrome that is characterized by the occurrence of tumours of the parathyroid glands, gastroenteropancreatic tumours, pitui-tary gland adenomas, as well as adrenal adenomas and neuro-endocrine tumours, often at a young age. MEN1 tumours can

Tuberculose ileocecal isolada simulando neoplasia maligna e doença de Crohn Isolated ileocecal tuberculosis simulating malignant neoplasia and Crohn's disease

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S.H. BROMBERG

2001-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: No Brasil, a tuberculose ileocecal isolada, na ausência de tuberculose pulmonar ativa ou cicatrizada, é rara, sendo freqüentemente confundida com neoplasia e a doença de Crohn. MÉTODOS: Os autores apresentam oito doentes com essas características, tratados por cirurgia, em período de 20 anos. A dor abdominal na fossa ilíaca direita foi o principal sintoma (100%, seguido da presença de perda de peso (62,5%, febre, náuseas e vômitos e fadiga em 50% dos doentes. Sete enfermos (87,5% apresentaram massa palpável na fossa ilíaca direita. A duração média dos sintomas foi de 14,7 meses, variando de 5 a 36 meses. Todas as lesões foram detectadas pelo enema opaco e mimetizavam aspecto neoplásico. A colonoscopia foi realizada em três doentes, evidenciando lesões sub-oclusivas da região íleo-cecal em dois; as biópsias foram sugestivas de tuberculose, não sendo possível diferenciá-las da doença de Crohn. RESULTADOS: Seis enfermos com diagnóstico presuntivo de neoplasia foram submetidos a cirurgia eletiva, realizando-se neles a colectomia direita clássica. Os outros dois, com suspeita de tuberculose, foram operados na vigência de obstrução intestinal, sendo submetidos a ressecção limitada (ileocecectomia. O estudo anatomopatológico estabeleceu o diagnóstico final pelo encontro de necrose caseosa e de bacilos álcool ácido-resistentes no intestino ou nos linfonodos. A evolução pós-operatória foi satisfatória, com pequena morbidade resolvida clinicamente. Posteriormente, todos os doentes receberam o esquema tríplice por 12 meses, variando a droga de acordo com a época do tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de rara, a tuberculose hipertrófica ileocecal isolada freqüentemente é confundida com neoplasias e com a doença de Crohn, devendo ser lembrada no diagnóstico diferencial das lesões localizadas no quadrante inferior direito do abdome.BACKGROUND: Isolated ileocecal involvement by tuberculosis in the absence

Conization, frozen section examination, and planned hysterectomy in the treatment of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia Conização, exame de congelação e histerectomia planejada no tratamento de neoplasia intra-epitelial de alto grau

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jesus Paula Carvalho

2001-12-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: We tested the role of frozen section examination of the cone specimen in the evaluation of the resection margin status and to rule out invasion in patients with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia underwent conization followed by frozen section examination and planned hysterectomy. The results of the definitive paraffin exam were compared with frozen section examination. RESULTS: In the evaluation of the margins by frozen section examination, 16 patients (64% had positive cone margins and 9 (36% had negative margins. The definitive paraffin examination of margin status was concordant in all the cases. Intraoperative diagnosis of invasion was made in 5 cases, and 1 of these was microinvasive. Among the remaining 20 cases, we detected 2 additional microinvasive carcinomas after paraffin study, so the diagnosis of the frozen section examination was concordant with the paraffin sections in 23/25 cases (92%. Two cases of microinvasive carcinoma were diagnosed as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia by frozen section examination and had less than 2 mm stromal invasion. CONCLUSIONS: In high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, frozen section examination can provide immediate and precise evaluation of the cone margin status in high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. It can identify frank invasion and permit adequate treatment in a one-stage procedure. In early microinvasive disease, frozen section examination fails to detect the area of invasion but reliably detects clear resection margins.OBJETIVOS: Foi avaliado o papel do exame intra-operatório de congelação no diagnóstico de invasão e no estado das margens cirúrgicas em pacientes com neoplasia intra-epitelial de alto grau. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODO: Vinte e cinco pacientes com neoplasia intra-epitelial de alto grau foram submetidas a conização cervical seguida de histerectomia. O resultado do exame

Neoplasia no sítio da colostomia de paciente com megacólon chagásico: relato de caso Neoplasia at the site of the colostomy of patient with chagasic megacolon: case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Thiago Agostini Braga

2011-06-01

Full Text Available A neoplasia no sítio da colostomia associada ao megacólon chagásico é uma entidade rara. Os autores relatam caso de um paciente com lesão avançada, o qual foi submetido a tratamento cirúrgico e discutem aspectos relacionados a esta afecção.Neoplasia at the site of the colostomy associated with chagasic megacolon is a rare clinical event. Here, the authors report the case of a patient with advanced lesion, who had to undergo surgical treatment, and discuss aspects related to this disease.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: HPV genotypes and risk of high-grade laryngeal neoplasia.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Turid Omland

Full Text Available Patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP in Norway treated between 1987 and 2009 were recruited to this cohort study. They were followed from disease onset and data recorded until January 2012. Here, we describe the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV genotypes, the prevalence of multiple HPV infections, and the risk of high-grade laryngeal neoplasia and respiratory tract invasive carcinoma in a large cohort of patients with RRP. We also examined whether HPV genotype, gender, age or clinical course are risk factors for this development. Clinical records and histological specimens were reviewed. Using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsies, HPV genotyping were performed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays identifying 15 HPV types. HPV-negative specimens were analyzed by metagenomic sequencing. Paraffin blocks were available in 224/238 patients. The DNA quality was approved in 221/224 cases. HPV DNA was detected in 207/221 patients and all were HPV 6 or HPV 11 positive, comprising HPV 6 in 133/207, HPV 11 in 40/207 cases and HPV 6/11 in 15/207 cases. Co-infection with one or two high-risk HPV types together with HPV 6 or HPV 11 was present in 19/207 patients. Metagenomic sequencing of 14 HPV-negative specimens revealed HPV 8 in one case. In total, 39/221 patients developed high-grade laryngeal neoplasia. 8/221 patients developed carcinoma of the respiratory tract (six patients with laryngeal carcinoma and two patients with lung carcinoma. High-grade laryngeal neoplasias were found more frequently in HPV-negative versus HPV-positive patients, (RR = 2.35, 95% CI 1.1, 4.99, as well as respiratory tract carcinomas (RR = 48, 95% CI 10.72, 214.91. In summary, the majority of RRP were associated with HPV 6 and/or 11. HPV-negative RRP biopsies occurred more frequently in adult-onset patients, and were associated with an increased risk of laryngeal neoplasia and carcinoma in the respiratory tract.

Developmental arrest of germ cells in the pathogenesis of germ cell neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rajpert-De Meyts, E; Jørgensen, N; Brøndum-Nielsen, K

1998-01-01

Clinical observations and epidemiological evidence suggest that important aetiopathological events that cause neoplastic transformation of the male germ cell may occur in fetal life or early infancy. The incidence of germ cell neoplasia is high in individuals with various disorders of gonadal...... development and sexual differentiation, such as gonadal dysgenesis or androgen insensitivity syndrome. Increased risk has also been noted in individuals with trisomy 21, idiopathic infertility and low birth weight. Infertility is sometimes associated with small aberrations of sex chromosomes (e.g. low...... frequency mosaicism XY/XO) which can also be found in patients with testicular cancer. The variety of conditions that predispose to testicular neoplasia and the rise in its incidence in many countries speaks for the influence of environmental factors which may affect genetically predisposed individuals. We...

Molecular signatures of thyroid follicular neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Borup, R.; Rossing, M.; Henao, Ricardo

2010-01-01

The molecular pathways leading to thyroid follicular neoplasia are incompletely understood, and the diagnosis of follicular tumors is a clinical challenge. To provide leads to the pathogenesis and diagnosis of the tumors, we examined the global transcriptome signatures of follicular thyroid...... a mechanism for cancer progression, which is why we exploited the results in order to generate a molecular classifier that could identify 95% of all carcinomas. Validation employing public domain and cross-platform data demonstrated that the signature was robust and could diagnose follicular nodules...... and robust genetic signature for the diagnosis of FA and FC. Endocrine-Related Cancer (2010) 17 691-708...

New Developments in Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ayşe Yağcı

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Ocular surface squamous neoplasia originates from conjunctiva epithelium and covers a broad spectrum of disease ranging from dysplasia to squamous cell carcinoma. Clinical features may vary from case to case. Traditional treatment of excision with no-touch technique combined with adjuvant therapies because of high recurrence rate. Main adjuvant treatments are cryotherapy and chemotherapy. In this review, clinical forms, differential diagnosis, American Joint Committee on Cancer classification and recent approaches to the management of ocular surface squamous dysplasia were described. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2014; 44: Supplement 8-14

Is there any association between hormonal contraceptives and cervical neoplasia in a poor Nigerian setting?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ajah LO

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Leonard Ogbonna Ajah,1,2 Chibuike Ogwuegbu Chigbu,2 Benjamin Chukwuma Ozumba,2 Theophilus Chimezie Oguanuo,2 Paul Olisaemeka Ezeonu1 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria Background: The association between hormonal contraception and cervical cancer is controversial. These controversies may hamper the uptake of hormonal contraceptives. Objective: To determine the association between hormonal contraceptives and cervical neoplasia. Materials and methods: This was a case-control study in which Pap-smear results of 156 participants on hormonal contraceptives were compared with those of 156 participants on no form of modern contraception. Modern contraception is defined as the use of such contraceptives as condoms, pills, injectables, intrauterine devices, implants, and female or male sterilization. Those found to have abnormal cervical smear cytology results were subjected further to colposcopy. Biopsy specimens for histology were collected from the participants with obvious cervical lesions or those with suspicious lesions on colposcopy. The results were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics at a 95% level of confidence. Results: A total of 71 (45.5%, 60 (38.5%, and 25 (16.0% of the participants on hormonal contraceptives were using oral contraceptives, injectable contraceptives, and implants, respectively. Cervical neoplasia was significantly more common among participants who were ≥35 years old (6% versus 1%, P<0.0001, rural dwellers (6% versus 3.5%, P<0.0001, unmarried (7.6% versus 3.5%, P<0.0001, unemployed (6.8% versus 3.5%, P<0.0001, less educated (6% versus 3.8%, P<0.0001, and had high parity (6.8% versus 3.6%, P<0.0001. There was no statistical significant difference in cervical neoplasia between the two groups of participants (7 [4.5%] versus 6 [3.8%], P=1.0. Conclusion

Evolución de la mortalidad atribuible al tabaco en las Islas Canarias (1975-1994

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bello Luján Luis M

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la mortalidad atribuible al consumo de tabaco en las Islas Canarias durante el periodo 1975-1994. Método: Las defunciones por edad, sexo y causa desde 1975 a 1994 se obtuvieron del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Movimiento Natural Población. A partir de las Encuestas de Salud de España y Canarias se tomaron los porcentajes de nunca fumadores, fumadores y ex-fumadores de la población canaria por edad y sexo. Los riesgos relativos de muerte se obtuvieron del Cancer Prevention Study II, llevado a cabo en Estados Unidos de América. Se calculó la proporción de muertes atribuibles al tabaco para cada año, sexo y grupo de edad a partir de la fracción atribuible poblacional. Así mismo, se calculó la tendencia de la mortalidad atribuible para dicho periodo expresada como el cambio porcentual medio anual de las tasas de la mortalidad ajustadas por edad, mediante un modelo log-lineal. Resultados: Durante el periodo 1975-1994, el número de fallecimientos atribuidos al tabaco aumentó un 64%. Por grandes causas, se observó en el periodo de estudio, un aumento de las neoplasias del 108%, una disminución de las enfermedades cardiovasculares del 32% y un incremento de las enfermedades respiratorias del 15,5%. Se observó también que el número de fallecidos aumenta con la edad, siendo el grupo de edad de 65 años y más en el que se presentan más muertes por el tabaco. Conclusiones: En las Islas Canarias, más del 20% de todas las muertes en 1994 se pueden atribuir al tabaco. Esto sugiere que las medidas introducidas para controlar el tabaquismo son insuficientes.

ATYPICAL MITOTIC FIGURES AND THE MITOTIC INDEX IN CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA

NARCIS (Netherlands)

VANLEEUWEN, AM; PIETERS, WJLM; HOLLEMA, H; BURGER, MPM

1995-01-01

We surveyed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) to quantify the proliferation rate and the presence of normal and atypical mitotic figures. In the cervical tissue specimens of 127 women with CIN, the area with the highest cell proliferation was identified and, at that site, the proliferation

Targeting Human Papillomavirus to Reduce the Burden of Cervical, Vulvar and Vaginal Cancer and Pre-Invasive Neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nygard, Mari; Hansen, Bo Terning; Dillner, Joakim

2014-01-01

BACKGROUND: Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is causally related to cervical, vulvar and vaginal pre-invasive neoplasias and cancers. Highly effective vaccines against HPV types 16/18 have been available since 2006, and are currently used in many countries in combination...... with cervical cancer screening to control the burden of cervical cancer. We estimated the overall and age-specific incidence rate (IR) of cervical, vulvar and vaginal cancer and pre-invasive neoplasia in Denmark, Iceland, Norway and Sweden in 2004-2006, prior to the availability of HPV vaccines, in order...... to establish a baseline for surveillance. We also estimated the population attributable fraction to determine roughly the expected effect of HPV16/18 vaccination on the incidence of these diseases. METHODS: Information on incident cervical, vulvar and vaginal cancers and high-grade pre-invasive neoplasias...

p16 as a diagnostic marker of cervical neoplasia: a tissue microarray study of 796 archival specimens

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lesnikova, Iana; Lidang, Marianne; Hamilton-Dutoit, Stephen

2009-01-01

from archival formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded donor tissues from 796 patients, and included cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)1 (n = 249), CIN2 (n = 233), CIN3 (n = 181), and invasive cervical carcinoma (n = 133). p16INK4a expression was scored using two different protocols: 1......BACKGROUND: To evaluate the usefulness of this biomarker in the diagnosis of cases of cervical neoplasia we studied the immunohistochemical expression of p16INK4a in a large series of archival cervical biopsies arranged into tissue microarray format. METHODS: TMAs were constructed with tissue cores...... dysplasia or the presence of invasive carcinoma. CONCLUSION: Immunohistochemical analysis of p16INK4a expression is a useful diagnostic tool. Expression is related to the degree of histological dysplasia, suggesting that it may have prognostic and predicative value in the management of cervical neoplasia....

Financial burden is associated with worse health-related quality of life in adults with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1.

Science.gov (United States)

Peipert, Benjamin J; Goswami, Sneha; Helenowski, Irene; Yount, Susan E; Sturgeon, Cord

2017-12-01

Health-related quality of life and financial burden among patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 is poorly described. It is not known how financial burden influences health-related quality of life in this population. We hypothesized that the financial burden attributable to multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 is associated with worse health-related quality of life. United States adults (≥18 years) with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 were recruited from the AMENSupport MEN online support group. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and financial burden were assessed via an online survey. The instrument Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System 29-item profile measure was used to assess health-related quality of life. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify significant variables in each Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System domain. Out of 1,378 members in AMENSupport, our survey link was accessed 449 times (33%). Of 153 US respondents who completed our survey, 84% reported financial burden attributable to multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. The degree of financial burden had a linear relationship with worse health-related quality of life across all Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System domains (r = 0.36-0.55, P financial event(s). Borrowing money from friends/family (30%), unemployment (13%), and spending >$100/month out-of-pocket on prescription medications (46%) were associated consistently with impaired health-related quality of life (ß = 3.75-6.77, P times more likely to be unemployed and declare bankruptcy than the US population, respectively. This study characterizes the financial burden in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Individuals with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 report a high degree of financial burden, negative financial events, and unemployment. Each of these factors was associated with worse health-related quality of life

Turner syndrome and meningioma: support for a possible increased risk of neoplasia in Turner syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Pier, Danielle B; Nunes, Fabio P; Plotkin, Scott R; Stemmer-Rachamimov, Anat O; Kim, James C; Shih, Helen A; Brastianos, Priscilla; Lin, Angela E

2014-01-01

Neoplasia is uncommon in Turner syndrome, although there is some evidence that brain tumors are more common in Turner syndrome patients than in the general population. We describe a woman with Turner syndrome (45,X) with a meningioma, in whom a second neoplasia, basal cell carcinomas of the scalp and nose, developed five years later in the absence of therapeutic radiation. Together with 7 cases of Turner syndrome with meningioma from a population-based survey in the United Kingdom, and 3 other isolated cases in the literature, we review this small number of patients for evidence of risk factors related to Turner syndrome, such as associated structural anomalies or prior treatment. We performed histological and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) of 22q (NF2 locus) analyses of the meningeal tumor to search for possible molecular determinants. We are not able to prove causation between these two entities, but suggest that neoplasia may be a rare associated medical problem in Turner syndrome. Additional case reports and extension of population-based studies are needed. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Human Papillomavirus DNA Detection in Menstrual Blood from Patients with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Condyloma Acuminatum ▿

OpenAIRE

Wong, Sze Chuen Cesar; Au, Thomas Chi Chuen; Chan, Sammy Chung Sum; Chan, Charles Ming Lok; Lam, Money Yan Yee; Zee, Benny Chung Ying; Pong, Wei Mei; Chan, Anthony Tak Cheung

2010-01-01

The Papanicolaou test generates pain and embarrassment, and cytology screening has limited sensitivity for detection of cervical neoplasia. These factors urge the use of another screening test that can overcome these limitations. We explore a completely noninvasive method using detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in women's menstrual blood (MB). The participants were divided into 3 cohorts: (i) 235 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3 (CIN 3) (n = 48), CIN 2 (n = 60), CI...

Imaging Finding of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: Case Report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yum, Tae Jun; Cho, Hee Woo

2012-01-01

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant inherited syndrome with characteristic clinical and radiological manifestations. Many reports on MEN1 have been published; however, no cases of radiologically diagnosed MEN1 have been reported. Therefore, we report on a radiologically diagnosed case of MEN1 with clinical symptoms of gastroduodenal ulcer.

Comparison of computed tomography and radiography for detecting changes induced by malignant nasal neoplasia in dogs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, R.D.; Beck, E.R.; LeCouteur, R.A.

1992-01-01

The ability of computed tomography and radiography to detect changes associated with nasal neoplasia was compared in dogs. Eighteen areas or anatomic structures were evaluated in 21 dogs for changes indicative of neoplasia. Computed tomography was superior (P < or = 0.05) to radiography for detecting changes in 14 of 18 areas. Radiography was not superior for detecting changes in any structure or area. Computed tomography reveals vital information not always detected radiographically to assist in providing a prognosis and in planning treatment for nasal neoplasms in dogs

Human Papilloma Virus Identification in Breast Cancer Patients with Previous Cervical Neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Lawson, James S; Glenn, Wendy K; Salyakina, Daria; Clay, Rosemary; Delprado, Warick; Cheerala, Bharathi; Tran, Dinh D; Ngan, Christopher C; Miyauchi, Shingo; Karim, Martha; Antonsson, Annika; Whitaker, Noel J

2015-01-01

Women with human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated cervical neoplasia have a higher risk of developing breast cancer than the general female population. The purpose of this study was to (i) identify high-risk HPVs in cervical neoplasia and subsequent HPV positive breast cancers which developed in the same patients and (ii) determine if these HPVs were biologically active. A range of polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical techniques were used to conduct a retrospective cohort study of cervical precancers and subsequent breast cancers in the same patients. The same high-risk HPV types were identified in both the cervical and breast specimens in 13 (46%) of 28 patients. HPV type 18 was the most prevalent. HPVs appeared to be biologically active as demonstrated by the expression of HPV E7 proteins and the presence of HPV-associated koilocytes. The average age of these patients diagnosed with breast cancer following prior cervical precancer was 51 years, as compared to 60 years for all women with breast cancer (p for difference = 0.001). These findings indicate that high-risk HPVs can be associated with cervical neoplasia and subsequent young age breast cancer. However, these associations are unusual and are a very small proportion of breast cancers. These outcomes confirm and extend the observations of two similar previous studies and offer one explanation for the increased prevalence of serious invasive breast cancer among young women.

Human papilloma virus identification in breast cancer patients with previous cervical neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

James Sutherland Lawson

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Purpose: Women with human papilloma virus (HPV associated cervical neoplasia have a higher risk of developing breast cancer than the general female population. The purpose of this study was to (i identify high risk for cancer HPVs in cervical neoplasia and subsequent HPV positive breast cancers which developed in the same patients and (ii determine if these HPVs were biologically active.Methods: A range of polymerase chain reaction (PCR and immunohistochemical techniques were used to conduct a retrospective cohort study of cervical precancers and subsequent breast cancers in the same patients. Results: The same high risk HPV types were identified in both the cervical and breast specimens in 13 (46% of 28 patients. HPV type 18 was the most prevalent. HPVs appeared to be biologically active as demonstrated by the expression of HPV E7 proteins and the presence of HPV associated koilocytes. The average age of these patients diagnosed with breast cancer following prior cervical precancer was 51 years, as compared to 60 years for all women with breast cancer (p for difference = 0.001. Conclusions: These findings indicate that high risk HPVs can be associated with cervical neoplasia and subsequent young age breast cancer. However these associations are unusual and are a very small proportion of breast cancers. These outcomes confirm and extend the observations of 2 similar previous studies and offer one explanation for the increased prevalence of serious invasive breast cancer among young women.

PDX-1 Is a Therapeutic Target for Pancreatic Cancer, Insulinoma and Islet Neoplasia Using a Novel RNA Interference Platform

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Shi-He; Rao, Donald D.; Nemunaitis, John; Senzer, Neil; Zhou, Guisheng; Dawson, David; Gingras, Marie-Claude; Wang, Zhaohui; Gibbs, Richard; Norman, Michael; Templeton, Nancy S.; DeMayo, Francesco J.; O'Malley, Bert; Sanchez, Robbi; Fisher, William E.; Brunicardi, F. Charles

2012-01-01

Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1) is a transcription factor that regulates insulin expression and islet maintenance in the adult pancreas. Our recent studies demonstrate that PDX-1 is an oncogene for pancreatic cancer and is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that PDX-1 is a therapeutic target for both hormonal symptoms and tumor volume in mouse models of pancreatic cancer, insulinoma and islet neoplasia. Immunohistochemistry of human pancreatic and islet neoplasia specimens revealed marked PDX-1 overexpression, suggesting PDX-1 as a “drugable” target within these diseases. To do so, a novel RNA interference effector platform, bifunctional shRNAPDX-1, was developed and studied in mouse and human cell lines as well as in mouse models of pancreatic cancer, insulinoma and islet neoplasia. Systemic delivery of bi-shRNAhumanPDX-1 lipoplexes resulted in marked reduction of tumor volume and improved survival in a human pancreatic cancer xenograft mouse model. bi-shRNAmousePDX-1 lipoplexes prevented death from hyperinsulinemia and hypoglycemia in an insulinoma mouse model. shRNAmousePDX-1 lipoplexes reversed hyperinsulinemia and hypoglycemia in an immune-competent mouse model of islet neoplasia. PDX-1 was overexpressed in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and nesidioblastosis. These data demonstrate that PDX-1 RNAi therapy controls hormonal symptoms and tumor volume in mouse models of pancreatic cancer, insulinoma and islet neoplasia, therefore, PDX-1 is a potential therapeutic target for these pancreatic diseases. PMID:22905092

5-Aminosalicylates reduce the risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis: an updated meta-analysis.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Li-Na Zhao

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Although the chemopreventive effect of 5-aminosalicylates on patients with ulcerative colitis has been extensively studied, the results remain controversial. This updated review included more recent studies and evaluated the effectiveness of 5-aminosalicylates use on colorectal neoplasia prevention in patients with ulcerative colitis. METHODS: Up to July 2013, we searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL, and SinoMed of China for all relevant observational studies (case-control and cohort about the effect of 5-aminosalicylates on the risk of colorectal neoplasia among patients with ulcerative colitis. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of studies. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs were extracted from each study. A random-effects model was used to generate pooled ORs and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI. Publication bias and heterogeneity were assessed. RESULTS: Seventeen studies containing 1,508 cases of colorectal neoplasia and a total of 20,193 subjects published from 1994 to 2012 were analyzed. 5-aminosalicylates use was associated with a reduced risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis (OR 0.63; 95%CI 0.48-0.84. Pooled OR of a higher average daily dose of 5-aminosalicylates (sulfasalazine ≥ 2.0 g/d, mesalamine ≥ 1.2 g/d was 0.51 [0.35-0.75]. Pooled OR of 5-aminosalicylates use in patients with extensive ulcerative colitis was 1.00 [0.53-1.89]. CONCLUSION: Our pooled results indicated that 5-aminosalicylates use was associated with a reduced risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis, especially in the cases with a higher average daily dose of 5-aminosalicylates use. However, the chemopreventive benefit of 5-aminosalicylates use in patients with extensive ulcerative colitis was limited.

Associação entre fatores epidemiológicos e neoplasias mamárias em cadelas

OpenAIRE

Ramos, Carolina Silva [UNESP

2011-01-01

Tumor de mama é a neoplasia mais freqüente em cadelas, entretanto, há controvérsias sobre os fatores que influenciam o seu desenvolvimento. Em estudos epidemiológicos destaca-se que os fatores ambientais são responsáveis por, pelo menos, 80% da incidência do câncer de mama em humanos. Com o objetivo de estabelecer fatores ambientais que possam contribuir para o desenvolvimento das neoplasias mamárias em cadelas, foram avaliadas as cadelas que se atendidas no Hospital Veterinário Governador La...

Evaluation of intracranial neoplasia and noninfectious meningoencephalitis in dogs by use of short echo time, single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3.0 Tesla.

Science.gov (United States)

Carrera, Inés; Richter, Henning; Beckmann, Katrin; Meier, Dieter; Dennler, Matthias; Kircher, Patrick R

2016-05-01

OBJECTIVE To investigate metabolite concentrations of the brains of dogs with intracranial neoplasia or noninfectious meningoencephalitis by use of short echo time, single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) at 3.0 T. ANIMALS 29 dogs with intracranial lesions (14 with neoplasia [3 oligodendromas, 3 glioblastomas multiformes, 3 astrocytomas, 2 lymphomas, and 3 meningiomas] and 15 is with noninfectious meningoencephalitis) and 10 healthy control dogs. PROCEDURES Short echo time, single voxel (1)H-MRS at 3.0 T was performed on neoplastic and noninfectious inflammatory intracranial lesions identified with conventional MRI. Metabolites of interest included N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), total choline, creatine, myoinositol, the glutamine-glutamate complex (Glx), glutathione, taurine, lactate, and lipids. Data were analyzed with postprocessing fitting algorithm software. Metabolite concentrations relative to brain water content were calculated and compared with results for the healthy control dogs, which had been previously evaluated with the same (1)H MRS technique. RESULTS NAA, creatine, and Glx concentrations were reduced in the brains of dogs with neoplasia and noninfectious meningoencephalitis, whereas choline concentration was increased. Concentrations of these metabolites differed significantly between dogs with neoplasia and dogs with noninfectious meningoencephalitis. Concentrations of NAA, creatine, and Glx were significantly lower in dogs with neoplasia, whereas the concentration of choline was significantly higher in dogs with neoplasia. Lipids were predominantly found in dogs with high-grade intra-axial neoplasia, meningioma, and necrotizing meningoencephalitis. A high concentration of taurine was found in 10 of 15 dogs with noninfectious meningoencephalitis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE (1)H MRS provided additional metabolic information about intracranial neoplasia and noninfectious meningoencephalitis in dogs.

Mamary neoplasia in a closed beagle colony

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taylor, G.N.; Shabestari, L.; Williams, J.; Mays, C.W.; Angus, W.; McFarland, S.

1975-01-01

The incidence rate of mammary neoplasia in a large colony of beagles and its relationship to internal skeletal and/or liver radiation, age, relatively late ovariectomy (4 years and older), endometritis, parity status, and adrenal weight was examined. Of these various factors, age was the only condition that was clearly correlated with changes in the mammary tumor incidence. The rate became significant at approximately eight years of age and increased progressively throughout the successively older age classes. Within the female dogs, the incidence of mammary cancer was higher that that of any other form of spontaneous malignancy

Uso de la citometría de flujo en la caracterización de las leucemias agudas de pacientes del Hospital San Vicente de Paúl y la Clínica León XIII

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lía Upegui

2001-04-01

Full Text Available

Las leucemias agudas son neoplasias hematológicas frecuentes en niños y la clasificación adecuada de un caso es importante para dar  un buen tratamiento (1. La manera más eficaz de clasificar las leucemias agudas es la inmunofenotipificación por medio de citometría de flujo, que identifica las células leucémicas con base en sus antígenos de superficie (2. En el Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl no se ha estandarizado la citometría con fines diagnósticos, aunque existe consenso general sobre su importancia y necesidad (3.

Effect of aspirin or resistant starch on colorectal neoplasia in the Lynch syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Burn, John; Bishop, D Timothy; Mecklin, Jukka-Pekka; Macrae, Finlay; Möslein, Gabriela; Olschwang, Sylviane; Bisgaard, Marie-Luise; Ramesar, Raj; Eccles, Diana; Maher, Eamonn R; Bertario, Lucio; Jarvinen, Heikki J; Lindblom, Annika; Evans, D Gareth; Lubinski, Jan; Morrison, Patrick J; Ho, Judy W C; Vasen, Hans F A; Side, Lucy; Thomas, Huw J W; Scott, Rodney J; Dunlop, Malcolm; Barker, Gail; Elliott, Faye; Jass, Jeremy R; Fodde, Ricardo; Lynch, Henry T; Mathers, John C

2008-12-11

Observational and epidemiologic data indicate that the use of aspirin reduces the risk of colorectal neoplasia; however, the effects of aspirin in the Lynch syndrome (hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer) are not known. Resistant starch has been associated with an antineoplastic effect on the colon. In a randomized, placebo-controlled trial, we used a two-by-two design to investigate the effects of aspirin, at a dose of 600 mg per day, and resistant starch (Novelose), at a dose of 30 g per day, in reducing the risk of adenoma and carcinoma among persons with the Lynch syndrome. Among 1071 persons in 43 centers, 62 were ineligible to participate in the study, 72 did not enter the study, and 191 withdrew from the study. These three categories were equally distributed across the study groups. Over a mean period of 29 months (range, 7 to 74), colonic adenoma or carcinoma developed in 141 participants. Of 693 participants randomly assigned to receive aspirin or placebo, neoplasia developed in 66 participants receiving aspirin (18.9%), as compared with 65 receiving placebo (19.0%) (relative risk, 1.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7 to 1.4). There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to the development of advanced neoplasia (7.4% and 9.9%, respectively; P=0.33). Among the 727 participants receiving resistant starch or placebo, neoplasia developed in 67 participants receiving starch (18.7%), as compared with 68 receiving placebo (18.4%) (relative risk, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.4). Advanced adenomas and colorectal cancers were evenly distributed in the two groups. The prevalence of serious adverse events was low, and the events were evenly distributed. The use of aspirin, resistant starch, or both for up to 4 years has no effect on the incidence of colorectal adenoma or carcinoma among carriers of the Lynch syndrome. (Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN59521990.) 2008 Massachusetts Medical Society

Estudo comparativo entre citopatologia e histopatologia no diagnóstico de neoplasias caninas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Magalhães Adelaide M.

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Foi realizado um estudo comparativo entre os diagnósticos citológico e histopatológico em diversas neoplasias de 150 cães, pelas colorações de Wright, May-Grünwald-Giemsa, Novo Azul de Metileno e Papanicolau. Colorações histológicas como Hematoxilina-Eosina, van Gieson, Sudan, Azul de Toluidina e Ácido Periódico de Schiff também foram empregadas. Os dados revelaram uma eficácia de ordem de 85,3% no diagnóstico citopatológico, considerando-se os resultados histopatológicos como corretos. Em 4,0% dos casos somente a origem embrionária das neoplasias foi estabelecida. Em 1,3% das neoplasias apenas o prognóstico foi determinado; o diagnóstico citológico diferiu da histopatologia em 8,1% dos casos. Em dois casos (1,3% o diagnóstico citológico diferiu do histológico, mas um reexame determinou que o primeiro estava correto, o que elevou a sua eficácia para 86,6%. Entre as técnicas utilizadas, a punção aspirativa por agulha fina foi o melhor método para obter amostras. A citologia não foi adequada para o diagnóstico de neoplasias mamárias, dadas às variações morfológicas em diferentes áreas. A impressão em lâmina não é recomendada para análise de tumores mesenquimais e deve ser substituída pela citologia esfoliativa. O Wright revelou-se o método de coloração mais eficiente. As colorações adaptadas da histopatologia, van Gieson em leiomiomas e leiomiossarcomas, Sudan em lipomas e lipossarcomas, e Ácido Periódico de Schiff e Azul de Toluidina em mastocitomas, foram empregadas com sucesso fornecendo assim maior clareza de detalhes para as diversas neoformações de origem epitelial e mesenquimal.

Fractal dimension and image statistics of anal intraepithelial neoplasia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ahammer, H.; Kroepfl, J.M.; Hackl, Ch.; Sedivy, R.

2011-01-01

Research Highlights: → Human papillomaviruses cause anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN). → Digital image processing was carried out to classify the grades of AIN quantitatively. → The fractal dimension as well as grey value statistics was calculated. → Higher grades of AIN yielded higher values of the fractal dimension. → An automatic detection system is feasible. - Abstract: It is well known that human papillomaviruses (HPV) induce a variety of tumorous lesions of the skin. HPV-subtypes also cause premalignant lesions which are termed anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN). The clinical classification of AIN is of growing interest in clinical practice, due to increasing HPV infection rates throughout human population. The common classification approach is based on subjective inspections of histological slices of anal tissues with all the drawbacks of depending on the status and individual variances of the trained pathologists. Therefore, a nonlinear quantitative classification method including the calculation of the fractal dimension and first order as well as second order image statistical parameters was developed. The absolute values of these quantitative parameters reflected the distinct grades of AIN very well. The quantitative approach has the potential to decrease classification errors significantly and it could be used as a widely applied screening technique.

3-GROUP METAPHASE AS A MORPHOLOGIC CRITERION OF PROGRESSIVE CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA

NARCIS (Netherlands)

MOURITS, MJE; PIETERS, WJLM; HOLLEMA, H; BURGER, MPM

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to investigate the presence of three-group metaphase in progressive cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective histologic study on the conization specimens of 41 women with microinvasive cervical carcinoma, 28 of whom were

Three-group metaphase as a morphologic criterion of progressive cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mourits, M. J.; Pieters, W. J.; Hollema, H.; Burger, M. P.

1992-01-01

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study was to investigate the presence of three-group metaphase in progressive cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective histologic study on the conization specimens of 41 women with microinvasive cervical carcinoma, 28 of whom were

Imaging of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN II A)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tanaka, Hiroko; Kohno, Atsushi; Nojiri, Yoko

1995-01-01

A retrospective review of diagnostic imaging findings of 20 cases of multiple endocrine neoplasia II A (MEN II A) was performed. The characteristic findings of thyroidal medullary carcinomas were relatively well-defined hypo- to isoechoic masses on US and coarse calcifications on plain X-ray. The pheochromocytomas were smaller in size and less enhancing than the sporadic ones, and they revealed marked high intensity on T2WI of MRI. We consider that these imaging findings were useful for the supplementary diagnosis of MEN II A. (author)

EVOLUCIÓN DE LA MORTALIDAD ATRIBUIBLE AL TABACO EN LAS ISLAS CANARIAS (1975-1994

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis M Bello Luján

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la mortalidad atribuible al consumo de tabaco en las Islas Canarias durante el período 1975-1994. Método: Las defunciones por edad, sexo y causa desde 1975 a 1994 se obtuvieron del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Movimiento Natural Población. A partir de las Encuestas de Salud de España y Canarias se tomaron los porcentajes de nunca fumadores, fumadores y ex-fumadores de la población canaria por edad y sexo. Los riesgos relativos de muerte se obtuvieron del Cancer Prevention Study II, llevado a cabo en Estados Unidos de América. Se calculó la proporción de muertes atribuibles al tabaco para cada año, sexo y grupo de edad a partir de la fracción atribuible poblacional. Así mismo, se calculó la tendencia de la mortalidad atribuible para dicho período expresada como el cambio porcentual medio anual de las tasas de la mortalidad ajustadas por edad, mediante un modelo log-lineal. Resultados: Durante el período 1975-1994, el número de fallecimientos atribuidos al tabaco aumentó un 64%. Por grandes causas, se observó en el período de estudio, un aumento de las neoplasias del 108%, una disminución de las enfermedades cardiovasculares del 32% y un incremento de las enfermedades respiratorias del 15,5%. Se observó también que el número de fallecidos aumenta con la edad, siendo el grupo de edad de 65 años y más en el que se presentan más muertes por el tabaco. Conclusiones: En las Islas Canarias, más del 20% de todas las muertes en 1994 se pueden atribuir al tabaco. Esto sugiere que las medidas introducidas para controlar el tabaquismo son insuficientes.

Cushing Disease in a patient with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2B.

Science.gov (United States)

Kasturi, Kannan; Fernandes, Lucas; Quezado, Martha; Eid, Mary; Marcus, Leigh; Chittiboina, Prashant; Rappaport, Mark; Stratakis, Constantine A; Widemann, Brigitte; Lodish, Maya

2017-06-01

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN2B) is a rare autosomal-dominant cancer syndrome characterized in part by metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and pheochromocytoma. Cushing disease is a rare cause of endogenous hypercortisolism in children. We describe a 21-year-old African-American male who was diagnosed at age 10 with an ACTH-secreting pituitary microadenoma. At age 16 he developed medullary thyroid cancer and was found to have multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B with the characteristic M918T mutation of the RET proto-oncogene. Following thyroidectomy, he was initiated on Vandetanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and has since had stable disease over the last 5 years. Our patient is the first individual with MEN2B to be described with Cushing disease. The RET oncogene may play a role in pituitary tumorigenesis; alternatively, the coexistence of these two entities may represent an extremely rare coincidence.

Four Cases of Spontaneous Neoplasia in the Naked Mole-Rat (Heterocephalus glaber), A Putative Cancer-Resistant Species.

Science.gov (United States)

Taylor, Kyle R; Milone, Nicholas A; Rodriguez, Carlos E

2017-01-01

The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) is widely acclaimed to be cancer-resistant and of considerable research interest based on a paucity of reports of neoplasia in this species. We have, however, encountered four spontaneous cases of neoplasia and one presumptive case of neoplasia through routine necropsy and biopsy of individuals in a zoo collection of nonhybrid naked mole-rats bred from a single pair. One case each of metastasizing hepatocellular carcinoma, nephroblastoma (Wilms' tumor), and multicentric lymphosarcoma, as well as presumptive esophageal adenocarcinoma (Barrett's esophagus-like) was identified postmortem among 37 nonautolyzed necropsy submissions of naked mole-rats over 1-year-old that were submitted for necropsy between 1998 and August 2015. One incidental case of cutaneous hemangioma was also identified antemortem by skin biopsy from one naked mole-rat examined for trauma. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

First-line chemotherapy in low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Alazzam, Mo'iad

2012-01-01

This is an update of a Cochrane review that was first published in Issue 1, 2009. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is a rare but curable disease arising in the fetal chorion during pregnancy. Most women with low-risk GTN will be cured by evacuation of the uterus with or without single-agent chemotherapy. However, chemotherapy regimens vary between treatment centres worldwide and the comparable benefits and risks of these different regimens are unclear.

Role of the human papilloma virus in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and malignancy.

Science.gov (United States)

Jastreboff, A M; Cymet, T

2002-04-01

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a public health problem as a sexually transmitted disease and as a critical factor in the pathogenesis of various cancers. The clinical manifestations, epidemiology, and virology that are critical to understanding the process of cervical dysplasia and neoplasia are reviewed. A discussion of the cervical transformation zone and the classification of cervical dysplasia and neoplasia leads into the importance of the Papanicolaou smear in prevention of potentially devastating sequelae of this virus. The role of the immune system in the progression of the disease and how it relates to vaccines, as well as treatment and prevention of HPV, are reviewed.

High-Dose Ursodeoxycholic Acid Is Associated With the Development of Colorectal Neoplasia in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

Science.gov (United States)

Eaton, John E.; Silveira, Marina G.; Pardi, Darrell S.; Sinakos, Emmanouil; Kowdley, Kris V.; Luketic, Velimir A.C.; Harrison, M. Edwyn; McCashland, Timothy; Befeler, Alex S.; Harnois, Denise; Jorgensen, Roberta; Petz, Jan; Lindor, Keith D.

2011-01-01

OBJECTIVES Some studies have suggested that ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) may have a chemopreventive effect on the development of colorectal neoplasia in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). We examined the effects of high-dose (28–30 mg/kg/day) UDCA on the development of colorectal neoplasia in patients with UC and PSC. METHODS Patients with UC and PSC enrolled in a prior, multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial of high-dose UDCA were evaluated for the development of colorectal neoplasia. Patients with UC and PSC who received UDCA were compared with those who received placebo. We reviewed the pathology and colonoscopy reports for the development of low-grade or high-grade dysplasia or colorectal cancer. RESULTS Fifty-six subjects were followed for a total of 235 patient years. Baseline characteristics (including duration of PSC and UC, medications, patient age, family history of colorectal cancer, and smoking status) were similar for both the groups. Patients who received high-dose UDCA had a significantly higher risk of developing colorectal neoplasia (dysplasia and cancer) during the study compared with those who received placebo (hazard ratio: 4.44, 95% confidence interval: 1.30–20.10, P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS Long-term use of high-dose UDCA is associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with UC and PSC. PMID:21556038

Single-session endoscopic resection and focal radiofrequency ablation for short-segment Barrett's esophagus with early neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Barret, Maximilien; Belghazi, Kamar; Weusten, Bas L A M; Bergman, Jacques J G H M; Pouw, Roos E

2016-07-01

The management of early neoplasia in Barrett's esophagus (BE) requires endoscopic resection of visible lesions, followed by radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the remaining BE. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of combining endoscopic resection and focal RFA in a single endoscopic session in patients with early BE neoplasia. This was a retrospective analysis of patients with early BE neoplasia and a visible lesion undergoing combined endoscopic resection and focal RFA in a single session. Consecutive ablation procedures were performed every 8 to 12 weeks until complete endoscopic and histologic eradication of dysplasia and intestinal metaplasia were reached. Forty patients were enrolled, with a median C1M2 BE segment, a visible lesion with a median diameter of 15 mm, and invasive carcinoma in 68% of cases. Endoscopic resection was performed by using the multiband mucosectomy technique in 80% of cases, and the Barrx(90) catheter (Barrx Medical, Sunnyvale, Calif) was used for focal ablation. When an intention-to-treat analysis was used, both complete remission of all neoplasia and intestinal metaplasia were 95% after a median follow-up of 19 months. Stenoses occurred in 33% of cases and were successfully managed with a median number of 2 dilations. In 43% of patients, 1 single-session treatment resulted in complete histologic remission of intestinal metaplasia. Combining endoscopic resection and focal RFA in a single session appears to be effective. Less-aggressive RFA regimens could limit the adverse event rates. Copyright © 2016 American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Surgical approach in patients with hyperparathyroidism in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: total versus partial parathyroidectomy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francesco Tonelli

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Usually, primary hyperparathyroidism is the first endocrinopathy to be diagnosed in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, and is also the most common one. The timing of the surgery and strategy in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1/hyperparathyroidism are still under debate. The aims of surgery are to: 1 correct hypercalcemia, thus preventing persistent or recurrent hyperparathyroidism; 2 avoid persistent hypoparathyroidism; and 3 facilitate the surgical treatment of possible recurrences. Currently, two types of surgical approach are indicated: 1 subtotal parathyroidectomy with removal of at least 3-3 K glands; and 2 total parathyroidectomy with grafting of autologous parathyroid tissue. Transcervical thymectomy must be performed with both of these procedures. Unsuccessful surgical treatment of hyperparathyroidism is more frequently observed in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 than in sporadic hyperparathyroidism. The recurrence rate is strongly influenced by: 1 the lack of a pre-operative multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 diagnosis; 2 the surgeon's experience; 3 the timing of surgery; 4 the possibility of performing intra-operative confirmation (histologic examination, rapid parathyroid hormone assay of the curative potential of the surgical procedure; and, 5 the surgical strategy. Persistent hyperparathyroidism seems to be more frequent after subtotal parathyroidectomy than after total parathyroidectomy with autologous graft of parathyroid tissue. Conversely, recurrent hyperparathyroidism has a similar frequency in the two surgical strategies. To plan further operations, it is very helpful to know all the available data about previous surgery and to undertake accurate identification of the site of recurrence.

Dermatologic symptoms associated with gastrointestinal neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Beata Młynarczyk-Bonikowska

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Gastrointestinal tumors are among the most common neoplastic causes of death worldwide. Presence of characteristic skin lesions can allow faster diagnosis and therapy and this way can increase the probability of a cure. In the paper we present the most important paraneoplastic syndromes that can coexist with gastrointestinal malignancy including colon, gastric, esophagus and pancreatic cancers. We take into account genetic syndromes such as Cowden syndrome, familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome (FAMMM (melanoma/pancreatic cancer, Clarke Howel-Evans, Peutz-Jeghers, Muir-Torre, Gardner syndromes and acquired syndromes such as acantosis nigricans maligna, tripe palms, Leser-Trelat, Bazex, hypertrichosis languinosa, erythema gyratum repens , carcinoid and glucagonoma syndrome. We also include cutaneous metastases and coexistence of neoplasia in some cases of dermatomyositis.

Neoplasias primárias múltiplas em pacientes com câncer colorretal Multiple primary neoplasms in colorectal cancer patients

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo de Souza CURY

2000-04-01

Full Text Available Introdução - A presença de uma segunda neoplasia maligna, tendo sítio e histologia diferentes da primeira, define o conceito de neoplasias primárias múltiplas. Com o aumento da sobrevida dos pacientes com câncer, houve um aumento de neoplasias primárias múltiplas. Este estudo objetiva avaliar a freqüência de neoplasias primarias múltiplas em pacientes com diagnóstico de câncer colorretal do Setor de Oncologia da Disciplina de Gastroenterologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Pacientes e Métodos - No período de 1993 a 1998, 145 pacientes com câncer colorretal foram acompanhados no Setor de Oncologia da Disciplina de Gastroenterologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Destes, cinco pacientes (3,4% tinham neoplasias primárias múltiplas. O segundo tumor foi confirmado por exame histológico, sendo excluídas as possibilidades de metástase. Resultados - A idade média dos doentes com neoplasias primárias múltiplas foi de 60,6 anos, quatro eram do sexo feminino e um do masculino, três apresentaram doença no reto, um no cólon direito e um no cólon esquerdo. Os outros sítios foram mama, útero, útero e vagina, pele e lábio. Um paciente foi a óbito e os outros estão em acompanhamento, sendo que dois, há mais de três anos. Dois pacientes tinham sido submetidos a radioterapia pélvica antes do aparecimento da neoplasia colorretal. Em um paciente o tumor colorretal antecedeu o outro câncer e em quatro apareceu posteriormente ao diagnóstico da outra neoplasia primária. Discussão - A prevalência de neoplasias primárias múltiplas foi de 3,4%, sendo maior no sexo feminino. Câncer de endométrio foi o outro tumor maligno mais freqüente. Quarenta por cento dos nossos pacientes foram submetidos a radioterapia. Acreditamos ser importante o acompanhamento dos pacientes para o diagnóstico precoce de uma nova neoplasia em qualquer paciente que já tenha apresentado um câncer.Introduction - Multiple primary

Thyroid neoplasia risk is increased nearly 30 years after the Chernobyl accident.

Science.gov (United States)

Tronko, Mykola; Brenner, Alina V; Bogdanova, Tetiana; Shpak, Victor; Oliynyk, Valeriy; Cahoon, Elizabeth K; Drozdovitch, Vladimir; Little, Mark P; Tereshchenko, Valeriy; Zamotayeva, Galyna; Terekhova, Galyna; Zurnadzhi, Lyudmila; Hatch, Maureen; Mabuchi, Kiyohiko

2017-10-15

To evaluate risk of thyroid neoplasia nearly 30 years following exposure to radioactive iodine (I-131) from the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear accident, we conducted a fifth cycle of thyroid screening of the Ukrainian-American cohort during 2012-2015, following four previous screening cycles started in 1998. We identified 47 thyroid cancers (TC) and 33 follicular adenomas (FA) among 10,073 individuals who were <18 years at the time of the accident and had a mean I-131 dose of 0.62 Gy. We found a significant I-131 dose response for both TC and FA, with an excess odd ratio per Gy of 1.36 (95% CI: 0.39-4.15) and 2.03 (95% CI: 0.55-6.69), respectively. The excess risk of malignant and benign thyroid neoplasia persists nearly three decades after exposure and underscores the importance of continued follow-up of this cohort to characterize long-term pattern of I-131 risk. © 2017 UICC.

Scrotal neoplasia: would truck drivers be at greater risk?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Seabra

2007-08-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To analyze how scrotal neoplasias have been managed during the past decade and to question possible factors or professions associated to its presence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated every case reported from 1995 to 2005 at our hospital. We described the clinical scenario, complementary exams, treatments and outcomes. We also tried to verify if there was any risk, predisposing factors or professions that would explain the cancer origin. RESULTS: Six cases were reviewed. Out of these, three patients were truck drivers. Five of them showed restricted lesions without inguinal lymph nodes enlargement. Histologically, six patients presented squamous carcinoma, with two of them having the verrucous type. The median age of patients was 52 years old (31 to 89. The five patients who are still alive had their lesions completely removed with safety margin and primary closure. CONCLUSIONS: We have noticed that the scrotal carcinoma behavior is similar to that of the penis, where removal of the lesion and study of the regional lymph nodes help to increase the patient survival rate. The outstanding fact was that three out of six patients were truck drivers, raising the hypothesis that such profession, maybe due to the contact or attrition with the diesel exhaust expelled by the engine or to sexual promiscuity, would imply in a larger risk of developing this rare neoplasia.

Distribution of haemic neoplasia of soft-shelled clams in Prince Edward Island: an examination of anthropogenic factors and effects of experimental fungicide exposure.

Science.gov (United States)

Mateo, D R; MacCallum, G S; McGladdery, S E; Davidson, J

2016-05-01

Haemic neoplasia was first considered a disease of concern for soft-shell clams in Prince Edward Island (PEI) when it was diagnosed as the cause of mass mortalities in 1999. The aetiology of the disease remains elusive, but has been associated with environmental degradation. In this study, a 2-year (2001-2002) geographic and seasonal survey was conducted for haemic neoplasia, using histology, in soft-shell clams from PEI. In addition, using geographic information system, the association between anthropogenic factors in the watersheds at sites affected by haemic neoplasia and the prevalence of the disease was investigated. Finally, histopathological changes were assessed in soft-shell clams experimentally exposed to four concentrations of chlorothalonil for 27 days. Haemic neoplasia could not be induced at any concentration of chlorothalonil. Clams exposed to a concentration of 1000 μg L(-1) of the fungicide, however, exhibited an LC50 of 17 days. Although this information provides additional toxicity information (LC50) for soft-shell clams, further experiments are required to assess longer term exposure to the fungicide. The highest prevalences of haemic neoplasia in PEI were found in North River and Miscouche (28.3-50.9% and 33.0-77.8%, respectively). No clear seasonal patterns were found. There was a correlation between haemic neoplasia prevalence and watersheds with a high percentage of potato acreage and forest coverage (P = 0.026 and P = 0.045, respectively), suggesting a link between anthropogenic activity and the prevalence of the disease. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer by Identifying Malignant Cells Within Neoplasias Histologically Classified as Benign

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Lelievre, Sophie A

2005-01-01

Current diagnostic tools permit the classification of breast neoplasias into categories that represent different relative risks of developing cancer, but they do not indicate which particular lesion...

Differentiating between endocervical glandular neoplasia and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in endocervical crypts: cytological features in ThinPrep and SurePath cervical cytology samples.

Science.gov (United States)

Thiryayi, Sakinah A; Marshall, Janet; Rana, Durgesh N

2009-05-01

A recent audit at our institution revealed a higher number of cases diagnosed as endocervical glandular neoplasia on ThinPrep (TP) cervical cytology samples (9 cases) as opposed to SurePath (SP) (1 case), which on histology showed only high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) with endocervical crypt involvement (CI). We attempted to ascertain the reasons for this finding by reviewing the available slides of these cases, as well as slides of cases diagnosed as glandular neoplasia on cytology and histology; cases diagnosed as high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) on cytology which had CIN with CI on histology and cases with mixed glandular and squamous abnormalities diagnosed both cytologically and histologically. Single neoplastic glandular cells and short pseudostratified strips were more prevalent in SP than TP with the cell clusters in glandular neoplasia 3-4 cells thick, in contrast to the dense crowded centre of cell groups in HSIL with CI. The cells at the periphery of groups can be misleading. Cases with HSIL and glandular neoplasia have a combination of the features of each entity in isolation. The diagnosis of glandular neoplasia remains challenging and conversion from conventional to liquid based cervical cytology requires a period of learning and adaptation, which can be facilitated by local audit and review of the cytology slides in cases with a cytology-histology mismatch. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Manejo dos portadores das neoplasias intraepiteliais anais Managment of anal intra-epithelial neoplasia patients

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sidney Roberto Nadal

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Acredita-se que a neoplasia intraepitelial anal (NIA, provocada pelo HPV, seja a lesão precursora do carcinoma anal. Segundo a literatura, são encontradas entre 11% e 52% dos homens infectados pelo HIV, entre 6% a 20% dos homens e 1% a 2,8% das mulheres sem essa infecção. Entre 8,5% e 13% das NIA de alto grau evoluirão para carcinoma invasivo, indicando a necessidade do rastreamento e do seguimento desses doentes para prevenção. Não há tratamento satisfatório com baixos índices de morbidez e a recidiva é comum. Em geral, as formas de tratamento podem de ser divididas em tópicas, entre elas, ácido tricloroacético, podofilina, podofilotoxina, imiquimod, terapia fotodinâmica, e ablativas, ou seja, excisão cirúrgica, ablação pelo LASER, coagulação pelo infravermelho e eletrofulguração. Há, ainda, os que consideram aceitável a conduta expectante. O tratamento tópico se justifica pelo caráter multifocal da lesão e os ablativos têm taxas de complicação e recidiva muito semelhantes. De qualquer forma, doentes com qualquer anormalidade histológica necessitam de seguimento adequado, principalmente com colposcopia e citologia anal.Anal intra-epithelial neoplasia (AIN, provoked by HPV, is considered as an anal cancer precursor. Some articles noticed that it occurred among 11% and 52% of men who have sex with men (MSM infected with HIV and, among seronegatives, from 6% to 20% of men and from 1% to 2.8% of women. From 8.5% to 13% of high grade AIN will evolve to invasive carcinoma, needing follow-up and screening for prevention. There is no satisfactory treatment with low morbidity and recurrence is frequent. There are two main forms of treatment: topics (trichloroacetic acid, podophylin, podophylotoxin, imiquimod, photodynamic therapy and ablatives (chirurgical excision, LASER, infrared, eletrocautery. Others consider acceptable an expectant management. Topical therapy is justified because of multifocal presentation of HPV

A rare presentation of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN type 2A syndrome

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elroy Patrick Weledji

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Peptic ulcer disease may be a manifestation of symptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism. A case of an intractable complicated peptic ulcer disease secondary to hypercalcaemia from multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A is presented. Hypercalcaemia should always be excluded as a cause of recurrent, or complicated peptic ulcer disease.

High-Resolution Anoscopy: Clinical Features of Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia in HIV-positive Men

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Richel, Olivier; Hallensleben, Nora D. L.; Kreuter, Alexander; van Noesel, Carel J. M.; Prins, Jan M.; de Vries, Henry J. C.

2013-01-01

BACKGROUND: High-resolution anoscopy is increasingly advocated to screen HIV+ men who have sex with men for anal cancer and its precursor lesions, anal intraepithelial neoplasia. A systematic comparison between clinical features and the histopathology of suspect lesions is lacking. OBJECTIVE: This

Prevalence of small-bowel neoplasia in Lynch syndrome assessed by video capsule endoscopy

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Haanstra, Jasmijn F.; Al-Toma, Abdul; Dekker, Evelien; Vanhoutvin, Steven A. L. W.; Nagengast, Fokko M.; Mathus-Vliegen, Elisabeth M.; van Leerdam, Monique E.; Cappel, Wouter H. de Vos tot Nederveen; Sanduleanu, Silvia; Veenendaal, Roeland A.; Cats, Annemieke; Vasen, Hans F. A.; Kleibeuker, Jan H.; Koornstra, Jan J.

2015-01-01

Objective The aim was to determine the prevalence of small-bowel neoplasia in asymptomatic patients with Lynch syndrome (LS) by video capsule endoscopy (VCE). Design After obtaining informed consent, asymptomatic proven gene mutation carriers aged 3570 years were included in this prospective

The negative association between a history of recurrent herpes labialis and cervical neoplasia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Burger, M. P.; Wilterdink, J. B.

1988-01-01

We considered the possibility that herpetic recurrences and herpes virus associated neoplasia are mutually exclusive disorders because they are expressions of different herpes virus-host relationships. We assumed that the human body copes with orofacial and genital herpes infections in the same

Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia (EIN In An Endometrial Polyp

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Devic Ana

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN is a monoclonal neoplastic cell proliferation of the endometrium associated with a significantly increased risk of endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma. We herein present the case of a 58-year-old female patient who underwent a hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy because of the existence of endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia in an endometrial polyp. The patient had irregular uterine bleeding, which lasted 10 days. An endometrial polyp was diagnosed by ultrasound examination. The polyp was located in the isthmus of the uterus, on the back wall, and measured 32 mm × 25 mm. The patient underwent fractional dilation and curettage, and the specimens were subjected to a histopathological examination. The histopathological findings were EIN, endometrioid type, a focus of which was found within the endometrial polyps, as well as the endometrial polyp and proliferative endometrium. The endocervical tissue was normal. Given the age of the patient and the histopathological findings, she underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The final histopathological findings were EIN, endometrioid type with a focus found within the endometrial polyp; endometrial polyp; simple hyperplasia; chronic inflammation of the uterine cervix; hyperkeratosis of the cervical squamous epithelium; and cervicitis chronica. There was also hydrosalpinx of the left fallopian tube, and cystic follicles in the left ovary. There was no significant morphological change in the right ovary or fallopian tube. The surgical and postoperative course were normal. The patient was sent home on the fifth postoperative day in good general condition. A check-up performed one month after surgery showed normal findings.

Levels of oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation in thyroid neoplasia.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Young, Orla

2012-02-01

BACKGROUND: This study assessed the presence of oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation in thyroid neoplasia. METHODS: Using tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry, we assessed levels of DNA damage (8-oxo-dG) and lipid peroxidation (4-HNE) in 71 follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA), 45 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and 17 follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and matched normal thyroid tissue. RESULTS: Cytoplasmic 8-oxo-dG and 4-HNE expression was significantly higher in FTA, FTC, and PTC tissue compared to matched normal tissue (all p values < .001). Similarly, elevated nuclear levels of 8-oxo-dG were seen in all in FTA, FTC, and PTC tissue compared to matched normal (p values < .07, < .001, < .001, respectively). In contrast, a higher level of 4-HNE expression was detected in normal thyroid tissue compared with matched tumor tissue (p < .001 for all groups). Comparing all 3 groups, 4-HNE levels were higher than 8-oxo-dG levels (p < .001 for all groups) except that cytoplasmic levels of 8-oxo-dG were higher than 4-HNE in all (p < .001). These results were independent of proliferation status. CONCLUSION: High levels of DNA damage and lipid peroxidation in benign and malignant thyroid neoplasia indicates this damage is an early event that may influence disease progression.

Diagnosis of Retrobulbar Round Cell Neoplasia in a Macaroni Penguin ( Eudyptes chrysolophus ) Through Use of Computed Tomography.

Science.gov (United States)

Woodhouse, Sarah J; Rose, Michelle; Desjardins, Danielle R; Agnew, Dalen W

2015-03-01

A 25-year-old female macaroni penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus) was diagnosed with exophthalmos secondary to retrobulbar neoplasia through use of computed tomography (CT). Histopathologic examination of the mass supported a diagnosis of malignant round cell neoplasia. Immunohistochemical (IHC) labeling was applied to determine cell origin; the neoplastic cells did not label with T-cell marker CD3 or B-cell marker BLA.36 and could not be further characterized. The scleral ossicles precluded evaluation of the retrobulbar space by ultrasonography; therefore, CT scanning is recommended for examination of intraorbital structures in penguin and other avian species.

Prevalence of small-bowel neoplasia in Lynch syndrome assessed by video capsule endoscopy

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Haanstra, Jasmijn F.; Al-Toma, Abdul; Dekker, Evelien; Vanhoutvin, Steven A. L. W.; Nagengast, Fokko M.; Mathus-Vliegen, Elisabeth M.; van Leerdam, Monique E.; de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel, Wouter H.; Sanduleanu, Silvia; Veenendaal, Roeland A.; Cats, Annemieke; Vasen, Hans F. A.; Kleibeuker, Jan H.; Koornstra, Jan J.

2015-01-01

The aim was to determine the prevalence of small-bowel neoplasia in asymptomatic patients with Lynch syndrome (LS) by video capsule endoscopy (VCE). After obtaining informed consent, asymptomatic proven gene mutation carriers aged 35-70 years were included in this prospective multicentre study in

Endoscopic Tri-Modal Imaging (ETMI With Optical Magnification in the Detection of Barrett's Early Neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sarmed S. Sami

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Early lesion detection and characterisation is vital to ensure accurate management in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasia. Endoscopic Tri-modal Imaging (ETMI technology has been shown to improve the targeted detection of early dysplastic lesions in Barrett's Oesophagus, but these results were not confirmed in non-expert hands [1]. This technology incorporates high resolution while light endoscopy (HRE, Auto Fluorescence Imaging (AFI and Narrow Band Imaging (NBI in one endoscope. The mucosa is first inspected with HRE, and then AFI is switched on to help in highlighting any suspicious areas in the mucosa [2]. These areas can be further examined by switching to NBI mode with magnification which helps to characterise mucosal patterns and identify early neoplasia [3].

No evidence of somatic aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein mutations in sporadic endocrine neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Raitila, A; Georgitsi, M; Karhu, A

2007-01-01

. Here, we have analyzed 32 pituitary adenomas and 79 other tumors of the endocrine system for somatic AIP mutations by direct sequencing. No somatic mutations were identified. However, two out of nine patients with prolactin-producing adenoma were shown to harbor a Finnish founder mutation (Q14X...... as non-secreting pituitary adenomas have been reported, most mutation-positive patients have had growth hormone-producing adenomas diagnosed at relatively young age. Pituitary adenomas are also component tumors of some familial endocrine neoplasia syndromes such as multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1...... (MEN1) and Carney complex (CNC). Genes underlying MEN1 and CNC are rarely mutated in sporadic pituitary adenomas, but more often in other lesions contributing to these two syndromes. Thus far, the occurrence of somatic AIP mutations has not been studied in endocrine tumors other than pituitary adenomas...

2006 Bethesda International Consensus recommendations on the immunophenotypic analysis of hematolymphoid neoplasia by flow cytometry: optimal reagents and reporting for the flow cytometric diagnosis of hematopoietic neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Wood, Brent L; Arroz, Maria; Barnett, David; DiGiuseppe, Joseph; Greig, Bruce; Kussick, Steven J; Oldaker, Teri; Shenkin, Mark; Stone, Elizabeth; Wallace, Paul

2007-01-01

Immunophenotyping by flow cytometry has become standard practice in the evaluation and monitoring of patients with hematopoietic neoplasia. However, despite its widespread use, considerable variability continues to exist in the reagents used for evaluation and the format in which results are reported. As part of the 2006 Bethesda Consensus conference, a committee was formed to attempt to define a consensus set of reagents suitable for general use in the diagnosis and monitoring of hematopoietic neoplasms. The committee included laboratory professionals from private, public, and university hospitals as well as large reference laboratories that routinely operate clinical flow cytometry laboratories with an emphasis on lymphoma and leukemia immunophenotyping. A survey of participants successfully identified the cell lineage(s) to be evaluated for each of a variety of specific medical indications and defined a set of consensus reagents suitable for the initial evaluation of each cell lineage. Elements to be included in the reporting of clinical flow cytometric results for leukemia and lymphoma evaluation were also refined and are comprehensively listed. The 2006 Bethesda Consensus conference represents the first successful attempt to define a set of consensus reagents suitable for the initial evaluation of hematopoietic neoplasia. Copyright 2007 Clinical Cytometry Society.

Optical Molecular Imaging of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression to Improve Detection of Oral Neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nitin Nitin

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Background: The development of noninvasive molecular imaging approaches has the potential to improve management of cancer. Methods: In this study, we demonstrate the potential of noninvasive topical delivery of an epidermal growth factor-Alexa 647 (EGF-Alexa 647 conjugate to image changes in epidermal growth factor receptor expression associated with oral neoplasia. We report a series of preclinical analyses to evaluate the optical contrast achieved after topical delivery of EGF-Alexa 647 in a variety of model systems, including cells, three-dimensional tissue cultures, and intact human tissue specimens using wide-field and high-resolution fluorescence imaging. Data were collected from 17 different oral cancer patients: eight pairs of normal and abnormal biopsies and nine resected tumors were examined. Results: The EGF-dye conjugate can be uniformly delivered throughout the oral epithelium with a penetration depth exceeding 500 µm and incubation time of less than 30 minutes. After EGF-Alexa 647 incubation, the presence of oral neoplasia is associated with a 1.5- to 6.9-fold increase in fluorescence contrast compared with grossly normal mucosa from the same patient with both wide-field and high-resolution fluorescence imaging. Conclusions: Results illustrate the potential of EGF-targeted fluorescent agents for in vivo molecular imaging, a technique that may aid in the diagnosis and characterization of oral neoplasia and allow real-time detection of tumor margins.

Health-Related Quality of Life and Sexual Functioning of HIV-Positive Men Who Have Sex With Men Who Are Treated for Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Siegenbeek van Heukelom, Matthijs L.; Richel, Olivier; Nieuwkerk, Pythia T.; de Vries, Henry J. C.; Prins, Jan M.

2016-01-01

The impact of the treatment of precursor lesions of anal cancer (anal intraepithelial neoplasia) on health-related quality of life has not been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of 3 treatment options for anal intraepithelial neoplasia on health-related quality of life and sexual

Perfil socioeconômico de Trabalhadores Rurais portadores de neoplasia Socioeconomic profile of Rural Workers cancer sufferers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adrielle Chermont da Silva

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Traçar o perfil socioeconômico dos trabalhadores rurais portadores de neoplasia internados em um hospital universitário. Método: estudo do tipo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, realizado entre agosto de 2013 a janeiro de 2014, através de busca nos prontuários e busca ativa por pacientes internados e que estivessem dentro dos critérios de inclusão. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 59 trabalhadores rurais, advindos de diferentes municípios interioranos, que trabalhavam com variados tipos de cultivos agrícolas. Grande parcela dos entrevistados relatou fazer uso de agrotóxicos, não utilizando EPI. O tipo predominante de neoplasia encontrada foram as neoplasias do sistema digestório. Conclusões: o uso de agrotóxicos é uma realidade para os trabalhadores investigados, levando à exposição a riscos ocupacionais. Os trabalhadores da saúde necessitam implementar estratégias de atenção à saúde desses trabalhadores, no intuito de auxiliar na minimização dos riscos de exposição ocupacional aos agrotóxicos.

Biopsy study of salivary gland tumors

OpenAIRE

Rubio Pampín, Maria Magdalena; Hernández Melgarejo, Yasel; Sánchez Camacho, Luís Manuel; Martínez Larrarte, José Pedro

2015-01-01

Las neoplasias malignas y benignas de glándulas salivales pueden encontrarse en las glándulas salivales mayores (parótidas, submandibular, sublingual), así como en las innumerables glándulas salivares menores distribuidas por toda la mucosa de la cavidad bucal. Estas neoplasias dan lugar a una amplia variedad de tumores malignos y benignos. Entre el 65 y el 85 % se originan en la parótida y aproximadamente un 15 % son malignos. Nuestra investigación incluyó todos los casos con estudio biópsic...

EXPRESSION OF HPV 16 AND 18 IN CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA

OpenAIRE

Kodali Venkataramana; Prasad Usha

2017-01-01

BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is by far the most common human papilloma virus related disease. Nearly, all cases of cervical cancer can be attributable to human papilloma virus infection. Infection with the human papilloma virus is the main risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer especially the high-risk types. The aim of the study is to study the prevalence of high-risk human papilloma virus 16 and 18 in various grades of cervical intraepithelia...

Metastização pulmonar de neoplasia da mama

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Dionísio

2002-03-01

Full Text Available RESUMO: Para caracterizar os doentes com metastização pulmonar de neoplasia da mama, procedemos a um estudo retrospectivo dos processos de 129 doentes referenciados à Unidade de Pneumologia entre Julho de 1990 e Janeiro de 2000.Foi considerada a existência de metastização pulmonar em 89 casos.Avaliámos as manifestações clínicas apresentadas, o intervalo de tempo até ao diagnóstico de metastização pulmonar, os aspectos radiológicos, endoscópicos, as terapêuticas efectuadas e a sobrevida.O intervalo médio entre o diagnóstico da neoplasia da mama e o diagnóstico de metastização pulmonar foi de 81,9±5,7 meses. Os sintomas respiratórios foram referidos em 83,1% dos doentes. O padrão radiológico mais comum foi a presença de massas ou nódulos pulmonares (66,3%. Foram observadas 49 com sinais directos de neoplasia na broncofibroscopia. Em 47 os aspectos anatomopatológicos encontrados foram compatíveis com metastização endobrônquica de tumor da mamaO tratamento mais frequentemente utilizado após o diagnóstico de metástase pulmonar foi a quimioterapia, em 60,2% dos casos.Após o diagnóstico de metastização, a sobrevida mediana foi de 20,1 meses, com 63,4% dos doentes vivos ao fim de 1 ano.Nos doentes com carcinoma da mama e suspeita de metastização verificámos um grande intervalo livre entre o diagnóstico do tumor da mama e o aparecimento de metastização. Os sintomas respiratórios tra-duziram a grande frequência de envolvimento endobrônquico. O diagnóstico anatomopatológico de metastização pulmonar foi obtido em 52,8% dos doentes. A terapêutica mais utilizada após diagnóstico de metastização foi a quimioterapia e a sobrevida ao ano foi de 63,4%.REV PORT PNEUMOL 2002; VIII (2: ABSTRACT: We performed a retrospective study of 129 patients observed in Pneumology unit between July 1990 and January 2000 to evaluate the clinical, radiological and endoscopic patterns as well as the clinical evolution of

Risk of cervical cancer after completed post-treatment follow-up of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rebolj, Matejka; Helmerhorst, Theo; Habbema, Dik

2012-01-01

To compare the risk of cervical cancer in women with histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia who returned to routine screening after having completed post-treatment follow-up with consecutive normal smear test results with women with a normal primary smear test result....

Photodynamic therapy of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Science.gov (United States)

Inada, Natalia M.; Lombardi, Welington; Leite, Marieli F. M.; Trujillo, Jose R.; Kurachi, Cristina; Bagnato, Vanderlei S.

2014-03-01

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a technique that has been used for the treatment of tumors, especially in Gynecology. The photodynamic reaction is based on the production of reactive oxygen species after the activation of a photosensitizer. Advantages of the PDT in comparison to the surgical resection are: ambulatory treatment and tissue recovery highly satisfactory, through a non-invasive procedure. The cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades I and II presents potential indications for PDT. The aim of the proposed study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the PDT for the diagnostics and treatment of CIN I and II. The equipment and the photosensitizer are produced in Brazil with a representative low cost. It is possible to visualize the fluorescence of the cervix and to treat the lesions, without side effects. The proposed clinical protocol shows great potential to become a public health technique.

Topical 5-fluorouracil treatment of anal intraepithelial neoplasia in human immunodeficiency virus-positive men

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Richel, O.; Wieland, U.; de Vries, H. J. C.; Brockmeyer, N. H.; van Noesel, C.; Potthoff, A.; Prins, J. M.; Kreuter, A.

2010-01-01

Background Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN), a human papillomavirus (HPV) induced potential precursor lesion of anal cancer, is frequent among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men who have sex with men (MSM). So far, only a few prospective studies have been performed on the topical

[Crossed renal ectopia in a patient with a complicated sigma neoplasia].

Science.gov (United States)

Pérez-Sánchez, Luis Eduardo; Burneo-Esteves, Mauricio; Rosat-Rodrigo, Adriá; Baz-Figueroa, Caleb; Pérez-Álvarez, Antonio Dámaso; Barrera-Gómez, Manuel Ángel

2017-12-01

Crossed renal ectopia is a rare pathology that is often asymptomatic. Intraoperative detection with a sigma complicated neoplasia is more infrequent and requires correct management to avoid a renal ureteral injury. To present a case report of a patient with a sigma complicated neoplasia and a crossed renal ectopia detected incidentally. We present the case of a 62-year-old man that was submitted for emergency surgery for a sigma perforated neoplasm, and who presented with a previously undiagnosed left-side CRE. During surgery there was a need to insert 2-double-J stents as a guide to both ureters and to avoid any injury to them. Crossed renal ectopia is a rare, often asymptomatic entity, the diagnosis of which is usually incidental. In our case, the detection of a concomitant complicated neoplasm, required identification of both ureters due the anatomic doubt of its localization and to avoid them being injured. In conclusion, upon finding a casual crossed renal ectopia during an emergency surgery of sigma, we recommend the identification of the ureters to facilitate its location and to avoid any injury to the ureters. Copyright © 2016 Academia Mexicana de Cirugía A.C. Publicado por Masson Doyma México S.A. All rights reserved.

[Usefulness of human papillomavirus testing in anal intraepithelial neoplasia screening in a risk behaviour population].

Science.gov (United States)

Padilla-España, Laura; Repiso-Jiménez, Bosco; Fernández-Sánchez, Fernando; Frieyro-Elicegui, Marta; Fernández-Morano, Teresa; Pereda, Teresa; Rivas-Ruiz, Francisco; Redondo, Maximino; de-Troya Martín, Magdalena

2014-11-01

The incidence of intraepithelial anal neoplasia is increasing in certain risk behaviour groups, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is involved in its pathogenesis. The systematic use of anal cytology, and more recently HPV detection by hybrid capture and genotyping, have been introduced into screening programs in recent decades. A retrospective cohort study was carried out on individuals with risk behaviours of developing intraepithelial anal neoplasia and who attended Sexually Transmitted Infections clinics in the Dermatology area of the Hospital Costa del Sol from January 2010 to December 2012. The intraepithelial anal neoplasia screening was performed using anal cytology and HPV genotyping. Half (50%) of the study population were HIV positive. A high frequency of anal dysplasia and presence of HPV in cytology (82.1%) and genotype (79%) was found. A statistically significant association (P<.005) was obtained between the presence of high-risk HPV genotypes and the presence of high-grade dysplasia in the second directed cytology. HPV genotyping enabled 17 cases (22%) of severe dysplasia to be identified that were under-diagnosed in the first cytology. Cases of high-grade dysplasia can be under-diagnosed by a first anal cytology. Detection of HPV can supplement this procedure, leading to the identification of those patients most at risk of developing high-grade anal dysplasia. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier España, S.L.U. y Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica. All rights reserved.

Four year efficacy of prophylactic human papillomavirus quadrivalent vaccine against low grade cervical, vulvar, and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia and anogenital warts: randomised controlled trial

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dillner, Joakim; Kjaer, Susanne K; Wheeler, Cosette M

2010-01-01

To evaluate the prophylactic efficacy of the human papillomavirus (HPV) quadrivalent vaccine in preventing low grade cervical, vulvar, and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasias and anogenital warts (condyloma acuminata).......To evaluate the prophylactic efficacy of the human papillomavirus (HPV) quadrivalent vaccine in preventing low grade cervical, vulvar, and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasias and anogenital warts (condyloma acuminata)....

Advanced colorectal neoplasia risk stratification by penalized logistic regression.

Science.gov (United States)

Lin, Yunzhi; Yu, Menggang; Wang, Sijian; Chappell, Richard; Imperiale, Thomas F

2016-08-01

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of death from cancer in the United States. To facilitate the efficiency of colorectal cancer screening, there is a need to stratify risk for colorectal cancer among the 90% of US residents who are considered "average risk." In this article, we investigate such risk stratification rules for advanced colorectal neoplasia (colorectal cancer and advanced, precancerous polyps). We use a recently completed large cohort study of subjects who underwent a first screening colonoscopy. Logistic regression models have been used in the literature to estimate the risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia based on quantifiable risk factors. However, logistic regression may be prone to overfitting and instability in variable selection. Since most of the risk factors in our study have several categories, it was tempting to collapse these categories into fewer risk groups. We propose a penalized logistic regression method that automatically and simultaneously selects variables, groups categories, and estimates their coefficients by penalizing the [Formula: see text]-norm of both the coefficients and their differences. Hence, it encourages sparsity in the categories, i.e. grouping of the categories, and sparsity in the variables, i.e. variable selection. We apply the penalized logistic regression method to our data. The important variables are selected, with close categories simultaneously grouped, by penalized regression models with and without the interactions terms. The models are validated with 10-fold cross-validation. The receiver operating characteristic curves of the penalized regression models dominate the receiver operating characteristic curve of naive logistic regressions, indicating a superior discriminative performance. © The Author(s) 2013.

Specific immune cell and cytokine characteristics of human testicular germ cell neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Klein, Britta; Haggeney, Thomas; Fietz, Daniela; Indumathy, Sivanjah; Loveland, Kate L; Hedger, Mark; Kliesch, Sabine; Weidner, Wolfgang; Bergmann, Martin; Schuppe, Hans-Christian

2016-10-01

Which immune cells and cytokine profiles are characteristic for testicular germ cell neoplasia and what consequences does this have for the understanding of the related testicular immunopathology? The unique immune environment of testicular germ cell neoplasia comprises B cells and dendritic cells as well as high transcript levels of IL-6 and other B cell supporting or T helper cell type 1 (Th1)-driven cytokines and thus differs profoundly from normal testis or inflammatory lesions associated with hypospermatogenesis. T cells are known to be the major component of inflammatory infiltrates associated with either hypospermatogenesis or testicular cancer. It has previously been reported that B cells are only involved within infiltrates of seminoma samples, but this has not been investigated further. Immunohistochemical characterisation (IHC) of infiltrating immune cells and RT-qPCR-based analysis of corresponding cytokine microenvironments was performed on different testicular pathologies. Testicular biopsies, obtained from men undergoing andrological work-up of infertility or taken during surgery for testicular cancer, were used in this study. Samples were grouped as follows: (i) normal spermatogenesis (n = 18), (ii) hypospermatogenesis associated with lymphocytic infiltrates (n = 10), (iii) samples showing neoplasia [germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS, n = 26) and seminoma, n = 18]. IHC was performed using antibodies against T cells (CD3+), B cells (CD20cy+), dendritic cells (CD11c+), macrophages (CD68+) and mast cells (mast cell tryptase+). Degree and compartmental localisation of immune cells throughout all groups analysed was evaluated semi-quantitatively. RT-qPCR on RNA extracted from cryo-preserved tissue samples was performed to analyse mRNA cytokine expression, specifically levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17a, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α (pro-inflammatory), IL-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 (anti-inflammatory), IL-2, IL-12a, IL-12b

Risk of head-and-neck cancer following a diagnosis of severe cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Svahn, Malene F; Munk, C; Jensen, S M

2016-01-01

OBJECTIVE: Women with a history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 including adenocarcinoma in situ (CIN3/AIS) may be more prone to develop cancers of the ano-genital region and head-and-neck cancers. The current literature is, however, limited. METHODS: We established a nationwide...

HPV infection, anal intra-epithelial neoplasia (AIN and anal cancer: current issues

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stanley Margaret A

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Human papillomavirus (HPV is well known as the major etiological agent for ano-genital cancer. In contrast to cervical cancer, anal cancer is uncommon, but is increasing steadily in the community over the last few decades. However, it has undergone an exponential rise in the men who have sex with men (MSM and HIV + groups. HIV + MSM in particular, have anal cancer incidences about three times that of the highest worldwide reported cervical cancer incidences. Discussion There has therefore traditionally been a lack of data from studies focused on heterosexual men and non-HIV + women. There is also less evidence reporting on the putative precursor lesion to anal cancer (AIN – anal intraepithelial neoplasia, when compared to cervical cancer and CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. This review summarises the available biological and epidemiological evidence for HPV in the anal site and the pathogenesis of AIN and anal cancer amongst traditionally non-high risk groups. Summary There is strong evidence to conclude that high-grade AIN is a precursor to anal cancer, and some data on the progression of AIN to invasive cancer.

Pretreatment Serum Cystatin C Levels Predict Renal Function, but Not Tumor Characteristics, in Patients with Prostate Neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Feilong Yang

2017-01-01

Full Text Available To evaluate the role of Cystatin C (Cys-C in tumorigenesis and progression of prostate cancer (PCa, we retrospectively collected the clinical information from the records of 492 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH, 48 prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN, and 173 PCa patients, whose disease was newly diagnosed and histologically confirmed. Pretreatment serum Cys-C levels were compared across the various groups and then analyzed to identify relationships, if any, with clinical and pathological characteristics of the PCa patient group. There were no significant differences in serum Cys-C levels among the three groups (P > 0.05. In PCa patients with normal SCr levels, patient age was correlated with serum Cys-C level (P ≤ 0.001 but did not correlate with alkaline phosphatase (AKP, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, prostate specific antigen (PSA, Gleason score, or bone metastasis status (P > 0.05. Age and SCr contributed in part to the variations in serum Cys-C levels of PCa patients (r = 0.356, P ≤ 0.001; r = 0.520, P ≤ 0.001. In conclusion, serum Cys-C levels predict renal function in patients with prostate neoplasia, but were not a biomarker for the development of prostate neoplasia, and were not correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics of PCa.

DEGRO practical guidelines: radiotherapy of breast cancer II. Radiotherapy of non-invasive neoplasia of the breast

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Souchon, R.; Sautter-Bihl, M.L.; Sedlmayer, F.; Budach, W.; Dunst, J.; Feyer, P.; Fietkau, R.; Sauer, R.; Harms, W.; Wenz, F.; Haase, W.

2014-01-01

To complement and update the 2007 practice guidelines of the breast cancer expert panel of the German Society of Radiation Oncology (DEGRO) for radiotherapy (RT) of breast cancer. Owing to its growing clinical relevance, in the current version, a separate paper is dedicated to non-invasive proliferating epithelial neoplasia of the breast. In addition to the more general statements of the German interdisciplinary S3 guidelines, this paper is especially focused on indication and technique of RT in addition to breast conserving surgery. The DEGRO expert panel performed a comprehensive survey of the literature comprising recently published data from clinical controlled trials, systematic reviews as well as meta-analyses, referring to the criteria of evidence-based medicine yielding new aspects compared to 2005 and 2007. The literature search encompassed the period 2008 to September 2012 using databases of PubMed and Guidelines International Network (G-I-N). Search terms were ''non invasive breast cancer'', ''ductal carcinoma in situ, ''dcis'', ''borderline breast lesions'', ''lobular neoplasia'', ''radiotherapy'' and ''radiation therapy''. In addition to the more general statements of the German interdisciplinary S3 guidelines, this paper is especially focused on indications of RT and decision making of non-invasive neoplasia of the breast after surgery, especially ductal carcinoma in situ. Among different non-invasive neoplasia of the breast only the subgroup of pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS; synonym ductal intraepithelial neoplasia, DIN) is considered for further recurrence risk reduction treatment modalities after complete excision of DCIS, particularly RT following breast conserving surgery (BCS), in order to avoid a mastectomy. About half of recurrences are invasive cancers. Up to 50?% of all recurrences require salvage mastectomy. Randomized clinical trials and a huge number of mostly observational studies have unanimously demonstrated that RT significantly

Características clínicas y microbiológicas de los pacientes neutropénicos febriles con neoplasias hematológicas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabián Alberto Jaimes Barragán

2008-02-01

Full Text Available Se estudiaron en forma retrospectiva 441 historias clínicas en el período comprendido entre enero de 2003 y diciembre de 2005. De éstas, se identificaron las características de 117 episodios de neutropenia febril en 96 pacientes. La mediana de edad fue 34 años y el 56,4% de los episodios ocurrieron en hombres. Las más frecuentes neoplasias hematológicas relacionadas con neutropenia febril fueron leucemia linfoide aguda (LLA y leucemia mieloide aguda (LMA con 45 episodios de cada una, que corresponden al 76,9%. La mediana de duración de la neutropenia fue 8 días y el 60,7% de los casos entraron en la categoría de neutropenia grave. La mortalidad global fue del 32% y el 81,5% de estas muertes estuvieron asociadas directamente con la infección. Se obtuvo aislamiento microbiológico en el 51% de los eventos. Los bacilos gram negativos (BGN constituyeron el 59% de los aislamientos microbiológicos y los cocos gram positivos el 32%. El 14,3% de los BGN aislados fueron positivos para beta lactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE y la resistencia global a ciprofloxacina alcanzó el 31,4%. El esquema antimicrobiano empírico más frecuentemente utilizado fue ciprofloxacina más ceftriaxona; la respuesta terapéutica fue desfavorable en 65% de los casos. En el Hospital San Vicente de Paúl de Medellín siguen primando los gérmenes gram negativos y son altas las tasas de resistencia a los antibióticos utilizados tradicionalmente como de primera línea, lo que sugiere la necesidad de reevaluar la pertinencia de estos esquemas.

A Multiscale Model Evaluates Screening for Neoplasia in Barrett's Esophagus.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kit Curtius

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Barrett's esophagus (BE patients are routinely screened for high grade dysplasia (HGD and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC through endoscopic screening, during which multiple esophageal tissue samples are removed for histological analysis. We propose a computational method called the multistage clonal expansion for EAC (MSCE-EAC screening model that is used for screening BE patients in silico to evaluate the effects of biopsy sampling, diagnostic sensitivity, and treatment on disease burden. Our framework seamlessly integrates relevant cell-level processes during EAC development with a spatial screening process to provide a clinically relevant model for detecting dysplastic and malignant clones within the crypt-structured BE tissue. With this computational approach, we retain spatio-temporal information about small, unobserved tissue lesions in BE that may remain undetected during biopsy-based screening but could be detected with high-resolution imaging. This allows evaluation of the efficacy and sensitivity of current screening protocols to detect neoplasia (dysplasia and early preclinical EAC in the esophageal lining. We demonstrate the clinical utility of this model by predicting three important clinical outcomes: (1 the probability that small cancers are missed during biopsy-based screening, (2 the potential gains in neoplasia detection probabilities if screening occurred via high-resolution tomographic imaging, and (3 the efficacy of ablative treatments that result in the curative depletion of metaplastic and neoplastic cell populations in BE in terms of the long-term impact on reducing EAC incidence.

Utilidad de la ecografía en el diagnóstico de los pacientes con sospecha de neoplasias del tubo digestivo Uselfulness of ultrasonography in diagnosing patients suspect for digestive tract neoplasms

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

D. Martínez Ares

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Introducción: el valor predictivo positivo de síntomas y signos en el diagnóstico del cáncer de colon y gástrico es bajo. Además, muchos pacientes son remitidos para descartar una neoplasia digestiva, sin síntomas que sugieran su localización, siendo el VPP de la clínica aún menor. En este trabajo evaluamos la utilidad de la ecografía como primera aproximación diagnóstica. Material y método: se han reclutado 79 pacientes (48 varones, edad media 69,3 años. En todos ellos se realiza una ecografía antes de la endoscopia. Se evalúa la precisión en el diagnóstico del cáncer de colon y gástrico, los diagnósticos ecográficos y el número de endoscopias que se evitarían. También se buscan factores predictivos de la localización de la neoplasia. Resultados: se han diagnosticado 5 neoplasias gástricas (6,3% y 12 de colon (19%, 3 cáncer de páncreas (3,8%, 2 neoplasias uterinas (2,5% y 2 hipernefromas (2,5%. Las cifras de sensibilidad, especificidad, VPP, VPN y precisión de la ecografía fueron 80%, 98,6%; 80%; 98,6%; y 97,4% respectivamente en el diagnóstico del cáncer gástrico, y del 100%, 94,5%; 80%; 100% y 95,5% respectivamente en el diagnóstico del cáncer de colon. La ecografía permitió evitar el 10% de las endoscopias. El único dato que orienta la localización de la neoplasia es la presencia de anemia, que se asocia con mayor frecuencia al diagnóstico de cáncer de colon: 30,4 versus 4,3% (p = 0,033. Conclusiones: en los pacientes remitidos para descartar una neoplasia digestiva, con síntomas inespecíficos, se diagnostica con frecuencia de patología neoplásica ajena al tubo digestivo. Si consideramos, además, la elevada precisión diagnóstica de la ecografía, esta podría ser una muy buena primera aproximación diagnóstica.Background: the Positive Predictive Value (PPV of signs and symptoms for the diagnosis of colon and gastric cancer is low. Furthermore, many patients are referred to us to discard a

Stepwise radical endoscopic resection for Barrett's esophagus with early neoplasia: report on a Brussels' cohort

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Pouw, R. E.; Peters, F. P.; Sempoux, C.; Piessevaux, H.; Deprez, P. H.

2008-01-01

Background and study aims: The aim of this retrospective study was to assess safety and efficacy of stepwise radical endoscopic resection (SRER) in patients with Barrett's esophagus with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) or early cancer. Patients and methods: Patients undergoing SRER

RISK FACTORS FOR GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC NEOPLASIA: A CASE CONTROL STUDY IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hema Sreedharan Nair

2016-10-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND Gestational trophoblastic disease is a spectrum of proliferative abnormalities of the trophoblast. GTD represents a benign form of the disease while GTN is the malignant often metastatic lesion. 75-80 per cent of patients initially diagnosed as GTD will follow a benign course after dilatation and curettage. 15-20 per cent develop locally invasive disease and 3-5 per cent develop metastatic lesions. The study aims to assess the proportion of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia among women with gestational trophoblastic disease and identify the risk factors for chemotherapy in gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a case-control study conducted in a tertiary hospital during a 5-year period. Cases are gestational trophoblastic neoplasia diagnosed by either rising beta-HCG levels or plateauing beta-HCG levels or by histological evidence of choriocarcinoma. Controls are cases of gestational trophoblastic disease post evacuation with normal HCG regression at 8 weeks. There were 306 controls and 57 cases. RESULTS Tabulated and analysed using SPSS package. Of the 363 patients of gestational trophoblastic disease, 57 (15.7% needed chemotherapy. 98.2% belonged to the age group of 20-35 years. 63% had gestational age of more than 12 weeks, 56.1% had pre-evacuation HCG of more than 40,000. 15.7% needed combination therapy. CONCLUSION 1. 83.1% of patients belonged to age group of 20-30 years. 2. Blood group distribution of patients with gestational trophoblastic disease did not show any significance. 3. 15.7% of total patients were diagnosed to have gestational trophoblastic neoplasia that necessitated chemotherapy. 4. When uterine size was more than 12 weeks, a statistically significant number of patients needed chemotherapy compared to non-chemotherapy group. 5. When BHCG values were more than 40,000, a statistically significant number of patients needed chemotherapy. 6. A risk score of seven or more was found to

Reconstituting development of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia from primary human pancreas duct cells

OpenAIRE

Lee, Jonghyeob; Snyder, Emily R.; Liu, Yinghua; Gu, Xueying; Wang, Jing; Flowers, Brittany M.; Kim, Yoo Jung; Park, Sangbin; Szot, Gregory L.; Hruban, Ralph H.; Longacre, Teri A.; Kim, Seung K.

2017-01-01

Development of systems that reconstitute hallmark features of human pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanINs), the precursor to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, could generate new strategies for early diagnosis and intervention. However, human cell-based PanIN models with defined mutations are unavailable. Here, we report that genetic modification of primary human pancreatic cells leads to development of lesions resembling native human PanINs. Primary human pancreas duct cells harbouring...

Neoplasia in Three Aye-Ayes (Daubentonia madagascariensis).

Science.gov (United States)

Rodriguez Barbon, A; Cowen, R; Knott, C; Hughes, K; Allinson, K; Williams, C V; Routh, A

2018-02-01

Tumours diagnosed in three aged captive aye-ayes (Daubentonia madagascariensis), held in two different institutions, are described. A cerebral glioblastoma was diagnosed based on histological and immunohistochemical findings in one of the animals following initial presentation with bilateral mydriasis, absent pupillary reflex, head tilt and ataxia. A second animal was humanely destroyed due to impaired locomotion associated with spondylosis and a post-mortem diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma was made based on histology with further confirmation with immunohistochemical labelling for cytokeratin 7. A third aye-aye suffering from dental disease was diagnosed with an oral squamous cell carcinoma following an excisional biopsy from a non-healing wound in the lip. Due to progression of the neoplasia the animal was humanely destroyed and post-mortem examination revealed the presence on an additional unilateral phaeochromocytoma. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Adult Immunohistochemical Markers Fail to Detect Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia in Prepubertal Boys with Cryptorchidism

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kvist, Kolja; Clasen-Linde, Erik; Cortes, Dina

2013-01-01

Intratubular germ cell neoplasia (ITGCN) is a precursor to testicular germ cell cancer. It is characterized by large germ cells with large nuclei with a hyperchromatic, coarse chromatin pattern, large prominent nucleoli and abundant pale cytoplasm. In prepubertal boys these cells are located both...

No Association of Blood Type O With Neuroendocrine Tumors in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Nell, Sjoerd; van Leeuwaarde, Rachel S.; Pieterman, Carolina R. C.; de Laat, Joanne M.; Hermus, Ad R.; Dekkers, Olaf M.; de Herder, Wouter W.; van der Horst-Schrivers, Anouk N.; Drent, Madeleine L.; Bisschop, Peter H.; Havekes, Bas; Borel Rinkes, Inne H. M.; Vriens, Menno R.; Valk, Gerlof D.

2015-01-01

An association between ABO blood type and the development of cancer, in particular, pancreatic cancer, has been reported in the literature. An association between blood type O and neuroendocrine tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) patients was recently suggested. Therefore, blood

No Association of Blood Type O With Neuroendocrine Tumors in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Nell, S.; Leeuwaarde, R.S. van; Pieterman, C.R.; Laat, J.M. de; Hermus, A.R.M.M.; Dekkers, O.M.; Herder, W.W. de; Horst-Schrivers, A.N. van der; Drent, M.L.; Bisschop, P.H.; Havekes, B.; Rinkes, I.H.; Vriens, M.R.; Valk, G.D.

2015-01-01

CONTEXT: An association between ABO blood type and the development of cancer, in particular, pancreatic cancer, has been reported in the literature. An association between blood type O and neuroendocrine tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) patients was recently suggested. Therefore,

No Association of Blood Type O With Neuroendocrine Tumors in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Nell, Sjoerd; Van Leeuwaarde, Rachel S.; Pieterman, Carolina R. C.; de Laat, Joanne M.; Hermus, Ad R.; Dekkers, Olaf M.; de Herder, Wouter W.; van der Horst-Schrivers, Anouk N.; Drent, Madeleine L.; Bisschop, Peter H.; Havekes, Bas; Rinkes, Inne H. M. Borel; Vriens, Menno R.; Valk, Gerlof D.

2015-01-01

Context: An association between ABO blood type and the development of cancer, in particular, pancreatic cancer, has been reported in the literature. An association between blood type O and neuroendocrine tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) patients was recently suggested. Therefore,

Germline CDKN1B/p27Kip1 mutation in multiple endocrine neoplasia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Georgitsi, Marianthi; Raitila, Anniina; Karhu, Auli; van der Luijt, Rob B.; Aalfs, Cora M.; Sane, Timo; Vierimaa, Outi; Mäkinen, Markus J.; Tuppurainen, Karoliina; Paschke, Ralph; Gimm, Oliver; Koch, Christian A.; Gündogdu, Sadi; Lucassen, Anneke; Tischkowitz, Marc; Izatt, Louise; Aylwin, Simon; Bano, Gul; Hodgson, Shirley; de Menis, Ernesto; Launonen, Virpi; Vahteristo, Pia; Aaltonen, Lauri A.

2007-01-01

Germline mutations in the MEN1 gene predispose to multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome, but in up to 20-25% of clinical MEN1 cases, no MEN1 mutations can be found. Recently, a germline mutation in the CDKN1B gene, encoding p27(Kip1), was reported in one suspected MEN1 family with two

Anal Cytology and Human Papillomavirus Genotyping in Women With a History of Lower Genital Tract Neoplasia Compared With Low-Risk Women.

Science.gov (United States)

Robison, Katina; Cronin, Beth; Bregar, Amy; Luis, Christine; DiSilvestro, Paul; Schechter, Steven; Pisharodi, Latha; Raker, Christina; Clark, Melissa

2015-12-01

To compare the prevalence of abnormal anal cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) among women with a history of HPV-related genital neoplasia with women without a history of HPV-related genital neoplasia. A cross-sectional cohort study was performed from December 2012 to February 2014. Women were recruited from outpatient clinics at an academic medical center. Women with a history of high-grade cervical, vulvar, or vaginal cytology, dysplasia, or cancer were considered the high-risk group. Women with no history of high-grade anogenital dysplasia or cancer were considered the low-risk group. Human immunodeficiency virus-positive women were excluded. Anal cytology and HPV genotyping were performed. Women with abnormal anal cytology were referred for high-resolution anoscopy. There were 190 women in the high-risk group and 83 in the low-risk group. The high-risk group was slightly older: 57 years compared with 47 years (P=.045); 21.7% of low-risk women had abnormal anal cytology compared with 41.2% of high-risk women (P=.006). High-risk HPV was detected in the anal canal of 1.2% of the low-risk group compared with 20.8% of the high-risk group (PHuman immunodeficiency virus-negative women with a history of lower genital tract neoplasia are more likely to have positive anal cytology, anal high-risk HPV, and anal intraepithelial neoplasia. Anal cancer screening should be considered for these high-risk women. II.

[Crosssectional survey of human papilloma virus subtype distribution and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Shenzhen].

Science.gov (United States)

Liang, Ling-yun; Du, Hui; Wang, Chun; Zhang, Wei; Chen, Yun; Qu, Xin-feng; Yang, Bin; Wu, Bo; Wu, Ruo-song; Belinson, Jerome L; Wu, Rui-fang

2013-02-18

To investigate the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and pathogenecity of the HPV subtyping and virus loads in Shenzhen district. In the study, 10 000 sexually active women from Shenzhen city and rural areas around were screened for cervical cancer, and all the cases were examined with cytology tests and several kinds of high risk HPV (HR-HPV) tests. Those with cytology ≥atypical squamous cells of undetermined sign (ASC-US) or positive HPV results underwent colposcopy with biopsy for a pathological diagnosis. The average age of this study population was 38.9 years. The total prevalence of HPV infection was 16.6%, with age-specific prevalence increasing with age. The morbidity rate of the low grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia CIN1 was 17.0%, but that with those aged ≥55 years showed a sharp drop. The morbidity rate of the high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia CIN2/3 was 2.6%, and was higher in the 45 to 59 years age group than in the 25 to 44 years age group. HR-HPV infection was an obvious relevant factor of CIN1 and CIN2/3, and the OR values increased as the virus loads increased, but they had different relevant HPV subtypes. We found that HPV-16, -58, -31, -33, -18 were the first five ones for CIN2/3 while HPV-39, -58, -59, -52, -66 for CIN1. There is a high level of HPV infection and CIN in Shenzhen district. The prevalence of HPV infection has a trend to increase with age, and the people aged 45 years and more are key objects for CIN2/3 screening, with the virus load and subtyping of HR-HPV infection as indicative factors.

HER2/neu (c-erbB-2) gene amplification and protein expression are rare in uterine cervical neoplasia: a tissue microarray study of 814 archival specimens

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lesnikova, Iana; Lidang, Marianne; Hamilton-Dutoit, Stephen

2009-01-01

intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)1 (n = 262), CIN2 (n = 230), CIN3 (n = 186) and invasive carcinoma (n = 136), for HER2/neu protein expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and for HER2/neu gene amplification by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH). We found moderate or strong immunohistochemical positivity...... and invasive cervical carcinoma specimens. When present, Her-2/neu positivity is more commonly seen in higher grades of cervical dysplasia and in carcinoma. However, this large TMA study shows that HER2/neu oncoprotein expression and HER2/neu gene amplification overall are uncommon events in cervical neoplasia....... This provides compelling evidence that HER2/neu plays no major role in the development and progression of cervical neoplasia....

American Gastroenterological Association guidelines are inaccurate in detecting pancreatic cysts with advanced neoplasia: a clinicopathologic study of 225 patients with supporting molecular data.

Science.gov (United States)

Singhi, Aatur D; Zeh, Herbert J; Brand, Randall E; Nikiforova, Marina N; Chennat, Jennifer S; Fasanella, Kenneth E; Khalid, Asif; Papachristou, Georgios I; Slivka, Adam; Hogg, Melissa; Lee, Kenneth K; Tsung, Allan; Zureikat, Amer H; McGrath, Kevin

2016-06-01

The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) recently reported evidence-based guidelines for the management of asymptomatic neoplastic pancreatic cysts. These guidelines advocate a higher threshold for surgical resection than prior guidelines and imaging surveillance for a considerable number of patients with pancreatic cysts. The aims of this study were to assess the accuracy of the AGA guidelines in detecting advanced neoplasia and present an alternative approach to pancreatic cysts. The study population consisted of 225 patients who underwent EUS-guided FNA for pancreatic cysts between January 2014 and May 2015. For each patient, clinical findings, EUS features, cytopathology results, carcinoembryonic antigen analysis, and molecular testing of pancreatic cyst fluid were reviewed. Molecular testing included the assessment of hotspot mutations and deletions for KRAS, GNAS, VHL, TP53, PIK3CA, and PTEN. Diagnostic pathology results were available for 41 patients (18%), with 13 (6%) harboring advanced neoplasia. Among these cases, the AGA guidelines identified advanced neoplasia with 62% sensitivity, 79% specificity, 57% positive predictive value, and 82% negative predictive value. Moreover, the AGA guidelines missed 45% of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms with adenocarcinoma or high-grade dysplasia. For cases without confirmatory pathology, 27 of 184 patients (15%) with serous cystadenomas (SCAs) based on EUS findings and/or VHL alterations would continue magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) surveillance. In comparison, a novel algorithmic pathway using molecular testing of pancreatic cyst fluid detected advanced neoplasias with 100% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 79% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value. The AGA guidelines were inaccurate in detecting pancreatic cysts with advanced neoplasia. Furthermore, because the AGA guidelines manage all neoplastic cysts similarly, patients with SCAs will continue to undergo unnecessary MRI

THE 3-GROUP METAPHASE AS A MORPHOLOGIC INDICATOR OF HIGH-PLOIDY CELLS IN CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA

NARCIS (Netherlands)

PIETERS, WJLM; KOUDSTAAL, J; PLOEMZAAYER, JJ; Janssens, J; OOSTERHUIS, JW

There is a need for additional morphologic criteria to improve the value of histologic classification for the prediction of the biologic behavior of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Representative slides from 72 cone specimens containing CIN were examined to study the correlation between

Evidence supporting see-and-treat management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ebisch, R.M.F.; Rovers, M.M.; Bosgraaf, R.P.; Pluijm-Schouten, H.W. van der; Melchers, W.J.; Akker, P.A.J. van den; Massuger, L.F.; Bekkers, R.L.M.

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND: Studies of see-and-treat management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) vary in their inclusion criteria, resulting in a broad range of overtreatment rates. OBJECTIVES: To determine overtreatment rates in see-and-treat management of women referred for colposcopy because of

Single-session endoscopic resection and focal radiofrequency ablation for short-segment Barrett's esophagus with early neoplasia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Barret, Maximilien; Belghazi, Kamar; Weusten, Bas L. A. M.; Bergman, Jacques J. G. H. M.; Pouw, Roos E.

2016-01-01

The management of early neoplasia in Barrett's esophagus (BE) requires endoscopic resection of visible lesions, followed by radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the remaining BE. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of combining endoscopic resection and focal RFA in a single endoscopic session in

Neoplasia in 125 donkeys (Equus asinus): literature review and a survey of five veterinary schools in the United States and Canada.

Science.gov (United States)

Davis, Corrine R; Valentine, Beth A; Gordon, Emma; McDonough, Sean P; Schaffer, Paula A; Allen, Andrew L; Pesavento, Patricia

2016-11-01

A diagnosis of neoplasia was noted in 125 of 357 donkeys (35%) in our review of medical records from 5 veterinary schools in the United States and Canada. Equine sarcoid was the most common tumor in our study, accounting for 72% of all tumors and 82% of cutaneous tumors. Soft-tissue sarcomas were the second most common skin tumors. All other types of neoplasia were rare. Important differences in the occurrence of neoplasia in donkeys compared to horses included the rarity or absence of squamous cell carcinoma in any organ system and gray horse melanoma. Lymphosarcoma, the most common malignant tumor in horses, appears to be very rare in donkeys. We report several tumors in donkeys including melanocytoma, peripheral nerve sheath tumor, and gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Our data demonstrate commonalities as well as differences in neoplastic diseases of donkeys and horses. Understanding differences in carcinogenesis among these 2 closely related species can inform researchers pursuing pathogenic mechanisms of equine disease and inform veterinary diagnosticians regarding tumor prevalence. © 2016 The Author(s).

Correlación clínico patológica del cáncer cervical y precursores en una población de Lima periférica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Victoria Valer

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo del cáncer cervical y sus precursores en un grupo poblacional, con especial énfasis en el manejo de la enfermedad cervical preinvasiva. Diseño: Estudio prospectivo y descriptivo no aleatorio. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio realizado durante el año 2003, en mujeres del Centro de Salud de Piedra Liza (San Juan de Lurigancho en 120 pacientes con diagnóstico citológico de ASC, AGC, L-SIL, H-SIL y carcinoma; se realizó biopsia de las lesiones cervicales en 49 casos, para confirmar el diagnóstico citológico y correlacionarlo con el cuadro clínico y la colposcopia. Resultados: De los 120 casos de estudio citológico, 14 (11,5% fueron ASC; 67 (56% L-SIL, 34 (29% H-SIL, 3 (2,5% carcinoma escamoso y 2 (2% adenocarcinoma. De 49 biopsias, 12 casos fueron L-SIL, 32 H-SIL, 3 carcinoma escamoso invasor y 2 adenocarcinoma cervical, uno de ellos in situ. Conclusiones: Los resultados citológicos muestran que las lesiones escamosas intraepiteliales y el carcinoma cervical tuvieron alta prevalencia en este grupo poblacional.

Anal intraepitelial neoplasia: a narrative review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Garazi Elorza

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Anal intraepitelial neoplasia (AIN constitutes a major health problem in certain risk groups, such as patients with immunosuppression of varied origin, males who have sexual relations with other males, and females with a previous history of vaginal or cervical abnormalities in cytology. Its relationship with the human papillomavirus (HPV infection has been well documented; however, many of the factors involved in the progression and regression of the viral infection to dysplasia and anal carcinoma are unknown. AIN can be diagnosed through cytology of the anal canal or biopsy guided by high-resolution anoscopy. However, the need for these techniques in high-risk groups remains controversial. Treatment depends on the risk factors and given the high morbidity and high recurrence rates the utility of the different local treatments is still a subject of debate. Surgical biopsy is justified only in the case of progression suggesting lesions. The role of the vaccination in high-risk patients as primary prevention has been debated by different groups. However, there is no general consensus on its use or on the need for screening this population.

Improvement over time in outcomes for patients undergoing endoscopic therapy for Barrett's oesophagus-related neoplasia: 6-year experience from the first 500 patients treated in the UK patient registry.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Haidry, R J

2015-08-01

Barrett\\'s oesophagus (BE) is a pre-malignant condition leading to oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). Treatment of neoplasia at an early stage is desirable. Combined endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) followed by radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an alternative to surgery for patients with BE-related neoplasia.

Câncer de colo do útero: mortalidade em santa catarina - Brasil, 2000 a 2009

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Angélica Arzuaga-Salazar

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El cáncer de cuello uterino en Brasil es la tercera neoplasia más común en mujeres y presenta alta mortalidad. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la mortalidad por causa del cáncer de cuello uterino en el Estado de Santa Catarina, en el periodo de 2000 a 2009. Es un estudio descriptivo, con la inclusión de todas las muertes de mujeres por causa del cáncer de cuello uterino. En los datos recogidos en el Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad del Ministerio de Salud de Brasil, identificó 1253 muertes de mujeres relacionadas con esta neoplasia. La tasa de mortalidad calculada en el período varió 3,6 a 4,9 muertes por 100.000 mujeres, siendo mayor en las mujeres con más de sesenta años. La enfermería contribuye a construir una cultura de prevención de esta neoplasia, para realización de las pruebas de diagnóstico y para la captura y seguimiento de las mujeres en riesgo por la red atención primaria de salud.

Sarcoma de estroma prostático gigante

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jose Luis González González

Full Text Available Los tumores de próstata representan la neoplasia maligna más frecuente en el varón. Mientras que las lesiones epiteliales son frecuentes, las neoplasias de origen mesenquimal representan entre 1 y 2 % de las neoplasias malignas prostáticas. Son poco conocidas, sobre todo las de origen estromal. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 77 años de edad, con un sarcoma del estroma prostático al que se le realiza una exéresis parcial. El tumor ocupa prácticamente la totalidad de la cavidad pélvico-abdominal, con un diámetro de 35 cm y un peso de 3 800 g. Histológicamente se concluyó, como sarcoma prostático aunque en el transoperatorio no se encontró un nexo evidente con este órgano. El comportamiento clínico de estos tumores, basado en los escasos casos descritos en la literatura, es prácticamente desconocido y su diagnóstico preoperatorio difícil. Este paciente se presentó con pérdida de peso, sin dolor, hematuria, ni síntomas obstructivos.

Las ondas en las universidades o las universidades en las ondas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Verónica Marín Díaz

2014-01-01

Full Text Available En las aulas y pasillos de las universidades vuelven a sonar las ondas hercianas que raen una variedad de programas a la anodina vida de la comunidad universitaria, inmersa en la implantación de títulos de Grado, nuevos programas de doctorado, legislación universitaria variable y un largo etcétera que afecta al devenir de la vida en el ámbito de la educación superior.

Perceived Health-Related Quality of Life in Women With Vulvar Neoplasia: A Cross Sectional Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Kobleder, Andrea; Nikolic, Nataša; Hechinger, Mareike; Denhaerynck, Kris; Hampl, Monika; Mueller, Michael D; Senn, Beate

2016-09-01

The aim of the study was to determine health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of women with surgically treated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) and vulvar cancer (VC) during the first week after hospital discharge. Further objectives were to investigate differences between women with VIN and VC as well as to examine whether correlations exist between women's symptom experience and HRQoL. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 8 hospitals in Germany and Switzerland. Women with VIN and VC rated HRQoL with the validated German Short-Form 36. Differences between HRQoL in women with VIN and VC were tested with Wilcoxon rank-sum score. The WOMen with vulvAr Neoplasia (WOMAN) - Patient reported Outcome (PRO) self-report instrument was used to measure women's symptom experience. Correlations between symptoms and HRQoL were calculated using Spearman correlation coefficient. Women with VIN and VC (n = 65) reported lower HRQoL in physical aspects (Physical Component Summary [PCS], 34.9) than that in mental aspects (Mental Component Summary, 40.5). Women with VC had lower HRQoL than women with VIN, as manifested by significant differences concerning the dimensions of "physical functioning" and "role-physical." "Difficulties in daily life" as a distressing symptom correlated with MCS and PCS. Wound-related symptoms correlated with PCS and psychosocial symptoms/issues with MCS. Analysis showed that women with vulvar neoplasia reported lower HRQoL in the physical and mental dimensions 1 week after discharge than comparable studies referring to months or years after surgery. Health-related quality of life is influenced by physical impairment because physical symptoms are prevalent 1 week after discharge. Patient education should focus on symptom management in an early postsurgical phase to enhance women's HRQoL.

Radiation-induced intestinal neoplasia in a genetically-predisposed mouse (Min)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ellender, M.; Larder, S.M.; Harrison, J.D.; Cox, R.; Silver, A.R.J.

1997-01-01

A mouse lineage with inherited predisposition to multiple intestinal neoplasia (min) has been proposed as a model to study human colorectal cancer. Min mice are heterozygous for the adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) gene implicated in human familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). There is an increased risk of intestinal cancer in humans following radiation exposure and the min mouse model may be used to further our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved. The present study showed a 2 Gy dose of x-rays doubles the tumour numbers in the murine gastrointestinal tract of F1 min heterozygotes. The distribution of tumours through the gut was also recorded. (authors)

Mielopatia necrotizante e neoplasias: registro clinico-patologico de dois casos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcos R. G. de Freitas

1983-06-01

Full Text Available São relatados dois casos de mielopatia transversa subaguda associada a tumores malignos. O primeiro paciente apresentava neoplasia de células reticulares histiocitárias e o segundo, carcinoma renal. Os autores fazem revisão dos casos similares descritos na literatura. As alterações anátomo-patológicas medulares encontradas foram semelhantes às descritas nos relatos prévios, sendo que no primeiro caso havia também intenso infiltrado inflamatório perivascular e a presença de astrócitos bizarros. Tais alterações encontradas sugerem ser esta afecção de natureza viral.

Características clínicas de doentes com neoplasia do pulmão e neoplasias primárias síncronas ou metácronas com outras localizações Clinical characteristics of patients with lung cancer and metachronous or synchronous tumours with other locations

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Inês Vaz Luís

2010-06-01

Full Text Available O cancro do pulmão é a causa mais comum de morte por doença oncológica. Os doentes com diagnóstico de neoplasia - qualquer que seja a localização - têm risco acrescido de desenvolver um segundo tumor. Pretendeu-se caracterizar uma população com neoplasia do pulmão e o diagnóstico síncrono ou metácrono de tumor primário com outra localização. Foi feito um estudo retrospectivo, referente ao período de 2000-2007, analisando-se os processos clínicos de doentes seguidos na Unidade de Pneumologia Oncológica do nosso hospital em que estavam referenciadas duas neoplasias. Dos doentes seguidos na Unidade (n=1046 no período referido, 4,2% (n=44 tinham evidência de duas neoplasias. A maioria (88,6% dos doentes eram homens, com idade média elevada (70,1±10 anos. Oitenta e seis por cento (n=38 tinham hábitos tabágicos e 65,4% dos doentes com registo de história familiar de neoplasia (n=26 tinham história familiar relevante (n=17. A doença oncológica manifestou-se em primeiro lugar na próstata, cólon, cabeça e pescoço ou bexiga. O cancro do pulmão foi em geral a segunda neoplasia. O intervalo de tempo médio entre a primeira e a segunda neoplasia foi de 62,9±64,9 meses (max: 240, min: 0, sendo que geralmente a segunda neoplasia foi detectada em estádio avançado. A sobrevivência média foi de 8,6±8,24 meses (max: 32; min: 1, permanecendo vivos quatro doentes. Os presentes dados levam-nos a sugerir vigilância clínica prolongada em doentes com diagnóstico prévio de cancro. Sugerimos um algoritmo que possibilite vigiar melhor estes doentes e estudo prospectivo para verificar se existem marcadores moleculares nesta população.Lung cancer is the leading form of cancer death worldwide. Cancer patients are at a high risk of developing a second cancer. The present study attempts to determine the characteristics of a population with lung cancer diagnosed with another cancer. We analysed records of patients from the

Incidência de neoplasias nas doenças reumatológicas autoimunes mais prevalentes: uma revisão sistemática

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberta Ismael Lacerda Machado

2014-04-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo é uma revisão sistemática da literatura que aborda a coexistência de neoplasias e doenças reumatológicas autoimunes, suas principais associações, tipos de cânceres e os possíveis fatores de riscos associados, com ênfase nos estudos de base populacional existentes, além de verificar a relação dessa ocorrência com o uso dos fármacos utilizados no tratamento de doenças autoimunes. Foi realizada uma busca de artigos científicos indexados na Cochrane/BVS, Pubmed/Medline e Scielo/Lilacs no período de 2002 a 2012. Também foi consultada a IBICT (biblioteca digital brasileira de teses e mestrados, com os descritores em português e inglês para as palavras: "Esclerose sistêmica", "Artrite reumatoide", "Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico" e "Síndrome de Sjögren", correlacionando cada um com o descritor AND "neoplasias". Os resultados mostraram que, na base de dados IBICT, preencheram os critérios de inclusão uma tese e uma dissertação para o descritor LES, nenhuma para AR e uma tese para SS. Na base de dados Lilacs/Scielo foram encontrados dois artigos sobre "Artrite Reumatoide" AND "neoplasias". No Pubmed/Medline, a busca inicial resultou em 118 artigos; destes, preencheram os critérios e foram secionados 41 artigos. Esta revisão observou relação entre neoplasias e as doenças reumatológicas autoimunes, tanto como fator de risco quanto de proteção, embora os mecanismos fisiopatológicos não estejam totalmente elucidados.

Long-Term Risk for Noncervical Anogenital Cancer in Women with Previously Diagnosed High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sand, Freja Lærke; Munk, Christian; Jensen, Signe Marie

2016-01-01

Background: High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is essential for developing high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2 and CIN3) and has also been associated with noncervical anogenital cancers. However, limited knowledge exists about the long-term risk for anal, vulvar, and vaginal...

Transporter function and cyclic AMP turnover in normal colonic mucosa from patients with and without colorectal neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kleberg, Karen; Jensen, Gerda Majgaard; Christensen, Dan Ploug

2012-01-01

The pathogenesis of colorectal neoplasia is still unresolved but has been associated with alterations in epithelial clearance of xenobiotics and metabolic waste products. The aim of this study was to functionally characterize the transport of cyclic nucleotides in colonic biopsies from patients...

Thyroid neoplasia following radiation therapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McHenry, C.; Jarosz, H.; Calandra, D.; McCall, A.; Lawrence, A.M.; Paloyan, E.

1987-01-01

The question of thyroid neoplasia following high-dose radiation treatment to the neck and mediastinum for malignant neoplasms such as Hodgkin's lymphoma in children and young adults has been raised recently. Five patients, 19 to 39 years old, were operated on for thyroid neoplasms that developed following cervical and mediastinal radiation therapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma. Three patients had papillary carcinomas and two had follicular adenomas. The latency period between radiation exposure and the diagnosis of thyroid neoplasm ranged from eight to 16 years. This limited series provided strong support for the recommendation that children and young adults who are to receive high-dose radiation therapy to the head, neck, and mediastinum should receive suppressive doses of thyroxine prior to radiation therapy in order to suppress thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone) and then be maintained on a regimen of suppression permanently

Oral tumors in dogs: clinical aspects, exfoliative cytology and histopathology Neoplasias orais em cães: avaliação dos aspectos clínicos, histopatologia e citologia esfoliativa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cláudia Ronca Felizzola

1999-09-01

Full Text Available In order to establish the diagnosis and prognosis of tumors of the oral cavity, a comparative study was carried out in 130 dogs considering age, sex, breed, clinical aspects, exfoliative cytology as well as histopathology. Exfoliative cytology revealed: 100% negative for benign non-odontogenic tumors, 97.91% negative benign odontogenic tumors and 77.92% positive for malignant tumors. Histopathology showed: 59.23% malignant tumors (33.08% malignant melanoma, 9.23% squamous cell carcinoma, 5.38% osteosarcoma, 2.31% fibrosarcoma, 2.31% angiosarcoma, 1.54% malignant mesenchymal tumors, 1.54% malignant fibrohistiocytoma, 1.54% lymphoma, 0.77% leyomyosarcoma, 0.77%% epithelioid sarcoma and 0.77% angiofibrosarcoma; 36.92% benign odontogenic tumors (25.38% peripheral odontogenic fibroma, 10.0% ossifyng fibroma and 1.54% odontoma in addition to 3.85% benign non-odontogenic tumors (1.54% fibroma, 0.77% plasmocytoma, 0.77% pilomatrixoma and 0.77% giant tumor cells. These results permit us to conclude that exfoliative cytology was an efficient, safe, quick and noninvasive method and could be used for early evaluation of oral cancer.Objetivou-se o estudo comparativo em tumores de cavidade bucal de animais de espécie canina de acordo com sexo, faixa etária, raça, aspectos clínicos, citologia esfoliativa e histopatologia, para estabelecer diagnóstico dessas neoplasias, tendo sido utilizados 130 cães, encaminhados ao Hospital Veterinário (HOVET da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo. Os resultados obtidos na citologia esfoliativa foram: 100% de negativos para neoplasias benignas não odontogênicas; 97,91% de negativos para neoplasias benignas odontôgenicas e 77,92% de positivos para neoplasias malignas. Obtiveram-se os seguintes resultados no exame histopatológico: neoplasias malignas - 59,23% (melanoma 33,08%, carcinoma epidermóide 9,23%, osteossarcoma 5,38%, fibrossarcoma 2,31%, angiossarcoma 2

Use of faecal markers in screening for colorectal neoplasia: a European group on tumor markers position paper.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Duffy, Michael J

2012-02-01

Several randomized controlled trials have shown that population-based screening using faecal occult blood testing (FOBT) can reduce mortality from colorectal neoplasia. Based on this evidence, a number of countries have introduced screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) and high-risk adenoma and many others are considering its introduction. The aim of this article is to critically review the current status of faecal markers as population-based screening tests for these neoplasia. Most of the available faecal tests involve the measurement of either occult blood or a panel of DNA markers. Occult blood may be measured using either the guaiac faecal occult blood test (gFOBT) or a faecal immunochemical test (iFOBT). Although iFOBT may require a greater initial investment, they have several advantages over gFOBT, including greater analytical sensitivity and specificity. Their use results in improved clinical performance and higher uptake rates. Importantly for population screening, some of the iFOBTs can be automated and provide an adjustable cutoff for faecal haemoglobin concentration. However, samples for iFOBT, may be less stable after collection than for gFOBT. For new centres undertaking FOBT for colorectal neoplasia, the European Group on Tumour Markers recommends use of a quantitative iFOBT with an adjustable cutoff point and high throughput analysis. All participants with positive FOBT results should be offered colonoscopy. The panel recommends further research into increasing the stability of iFOBT and the development of improved and affordable DNA and proteomic-based tests, which reduce current false negative rates, simplify sample transport and enable automated analysis.

High-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy in the management of cervical and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ogino, Ichiro; Kitamura, Tatsuo; Okajima, Hiroyuki; Matsubara, Sho

1998-01-01

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of high-dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy (HDR-ICR) in patients with grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN-3) and grade 3 vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN-3). Methods and Materials: This was a retrospective analysis in 20 patients with CIN-3 (n = 14) or VAIN-3 (n = 6), average age 61.9 years, managed with HDR-ICR at Kanagawa Cancer Center. Two patients with CIN-3 with microinvasive foci and 11 other patients with CIN-3 were treated with HDR-ICR for cervical lesions. Six patients with CIN-3 after hysterectomy received HDR-ICR for recurrent or residual VAIN-3 lesions. One patient received radiation therapy for both CIN-3 and VAIN-3 lesions. All these patients but one were postmenopausal. Results: Seventeen patients were treated with HDR-ICR alone, and three with combined external radiation therapy. The dose was calculated at Point A located 2 cm superior to the external os and 2 cm lateral to the axis of the intrauterine tube for intact uterus. For lesions of the vaginal stump, the dose was calculated at a point 1 cm superior to the vaginal apex or 1 cm beyond vaginal mucosa. In the 14 patients treated for CIN-3 lesions, the mean total dose of HDR-ICR was 26.1 Gy (range 20-30). Six patients received HDR-ICR for VAIN-3 lesions with mean dose of 23.3 Gy (range 15-30). At follow-up (mean 90.5 months; range 13-153), 14 patients were alive and 6 had died owing to nonmalignant intercurrent disease. No patient developed recurrent disease. Rectal bleeding occurred in three patients, but this symptom subsided spontaneously. Moderate and severe vaginal reactions were noted in two patients, in whom the treatment had included the entire vagina. Conclusions: HDR-ICR can be employed as the primary management strategy for postmenopausal women with CIN-3. In intraepithelial neoplasia involving the vaginal wall after hysterectomy, HDR-ICR should be considered as an alternative to total vaginectomy

La maxilectomía en las neoplasias del macizo facial. Sistema de clasificación del Instituto Nacional de Oncología y Radiobiología (INOR The maxillectomy in cases of neoplasms of facial area: Classification system of National Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology (NIOR

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miguel Azcue Bilbao

2010-06-01

Full Text Available La maxilectomía es una de las intervenciones quirúrgicas indicada para el tratamiento de las neoplasias de la región facial. Esta técnica comprende la resección del maxilar y de algunas estructuras anatómicas adyacentes. Se encuentran una gran variedad de términos para definir tipos y subtipos de maxilectomía que conllevan a mucha confusión. Al no existir una herramienta única y normada internacionalmente, aún hoy presupone un reto el procedimiento de clasificación y tratamiento. En las clasificaciones actuales de la maxilectomía se encuentran autores que defienden tratamientos muy radicales y otros los tratamientos conservadores o parciales. El objetivo del trabajo es presentar el sistema de clasificación para la maxilectomía utilizado en el Instituto Nacional de Oncología y Radiobiología (INOR. Se realizó una actualización del tema y se presenta la propuesta de clasificación para la maxilectomía. Se concluyó que siempre que la resección del tumor sea completa y se logre un buen margen de seguridad, se puede plantear que no existe diferencia en los resultados entre el tipo de maxilectomía realizada y el intervalo libre de enfermedad y que sin una norma internacional, la decisión terapéutica se apoya más en las convicciones y resultados personales de los grupos de investigadores, que en un consenso global.The maxillectomy is one of the surgical interventions prescribed for the neoplasms treatment of facial area. This technique involves the resection of maxilla and of some adjacent anatomical structures. There are many terms defining the types and subtypes of maxillectomy creating confusion. Since there is not only tool and worldwide standardized, nowadays the classification and treatment procedure is still a challenge. In current classification systems of maxillectomy there are authors advocating very radical treatments and other favoring the conservative or partial treatments. The aim of present paper is to present a

Telomere dynamics and cytogenetic changes in human hematologic neoplasias: a working hypothesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Ohyashiki, K; Ohyashiki, J H

1997-03-01

Chromosome termini, termed telomeres, provide important protection to avoid loss of master gene(s) that may exist at subtelomeric regions. Moreover, erosion of telomeres by cell division through end-replication problems resulted in telomeric-associated cytogenetic aberrations. To maintain a telomere length related to cell immortality, telomerase activity is upregulated in cancer cells, therefore, telomerase is considered to be a new marker of neoplasias. In this paper, we review and make suggestions regarding key aspects of telomere dynamics in both normal hematopoiesis and in malignant hematologic diseases.

COSTES SANITARIOS DIRECTOS DE LAS NEOPLASIAS DE PULMÓN Y VEJIGA DE ORIGEN LABORAL EN ESPAÑA EN 2008

OpenAIRE

Montserrat García Gómez; Rosa Urbanos Garrido; Rosario Castañeda López; Patricia López Menduiña

2012-01-01

Fundamentos: La falta de reconocimiento del origen laboral de algunos tumores malignos conlleva que el coste de su asistencia sanitaria recaiga sobre el Sistema Nacional de Salud. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es conocer el número de procesos atendidos por cáncer de pulmón y vejiga atribuibles al trabajo en España en el Sistema Nacional de Salud (SNS) en 2008, así como los costes sanitarios derivados de su atención. Métodos: El número de procesos se estimó aplicando las fracciones atribuible...

Genetic variants on chromosome 8q24 and colorectal neoplasia risk: a case-control study in China and a meta-analysis of the published literature.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mian Li

Full Text Available Previous studies have found that common genetic variants on chromosome 8q24 are associated with the risk of developing colorectal neoplasia. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study, including 435 cases and 788 unrelated controls to investigate the associations between common variants on 8q24 and the risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population. We also evaluated the association of rs6983267 with colorectal neoplasia in the published literature via a meta-analysis study. We found that rs6983267 was significantly associated with the risk of colorectal cancer in the Chinese population, with an adjusted odds-ratio (OR for the GT heterozygotes and GG homozygotes of 1.30 (95% CI= 0.98-1.71, P = 0.069 and 1.66 (95% CI = 1.18-2.34, P = 0.004, respectively, compared to the TT homozygotes, with a P-trend value of 0.003. No association was found for the other three loci (rs16901979, rs1447295 and rs7837688. In the meta-analysis of the published genetic association studies, the rs6983267 variant was found to be associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasia. The heterozygous GT carriers showed a 20% increased risk of colorectal neoplasia (OR= 1.20, 95% CI= 1.16-1.25; random effects model with a summary OR for homozygous GG carriers of 1.39 (95% CI= 1.32-1.48; random effects model compared to the TT genotype carriers. We found no significant differences between the association of rs6983267 and colorectal cancer and colorectal adenomas. In summary, our study confirms that the variant rs6983267 is a risk factor for colorectal neoplasia in various populations, including the Chinese population.

Oncogene-induced progression of preneoplastic rat tracheal epithelial cells to neoplasia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thomassen, D.G.; Kelly, G.

1988-01-01

N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) induced preneoplastic variants of rat tracheal epithelial (RTE) cells can be neo plastically transformed following transfection with oncogenic DNA. Variants differ with respect to the oncogenes required for neoplastic conversion. Polyma virus DNA transformed each of four variants neo plastically, whereas viral ras DNA only transformed two of four variants. These data demonstrate that preneoplastic variants of RTE cells differ with respect to the changes needed for conversion to neoplastic cells and that the variants tested are either at different stages or on different pathways of progression to neoplasia. (author)

Factores de riesgo para cáncer cervicouterino en mujeres de Zacatecas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Castañeda-Iñiguez Maura Sara

1998-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Conocer las características sociodemográficas reproductivas y de conducta sexual de las usuarias del Programa de Prevención y Control del Cáncer Cervicouterino e identificar los factores de riesgo para dicha patología. Material y métodos. Se hizo un estudio de casos y controles en usuarias del Programa de Prevención y Control del Cáncer Cervicouterino en Zacatecas; los casos fueron todas aquellas pacientes con diagnóstico corroborado por histopatología de displasia severa, cáncer in situ e invasor (251 en total, referidas a la Clínica de Displasias (dependiente del mismo programa, durante el bienio 1993-1995. Los controles se seleccionaron aleatoriamente de entre la población con citología exfoliativa negativa y que era usuaria de dicho programa. Se seleccionó un control por caso, y se le pareó por edad y por la fecha en que se realizó la citología del caso. Resultados. El riesgo de neoplasia cervical aumentó con el número de gestaciones (RM 5.2, IC95% 2.6-10.5 para aquellas mujeres con más de 12 gestaciones en relación con las que tenían menos de tres. Por otra parte, el riesgo de neoplasia cervical se incrementa en la medida en que aumentan los partos. Así, las mujeres que tuvieron 12 o más partos corren un riesgo cinco veces superior que aquellas que dieron a luz menos de tres veces (RM 5.1, IC95% 2.4-11.0. El inicio de las relaciones sexuales en edad temprana está asociado al riesgo de neoplasia cervical; así, las mujeres que postergaron el inicio de sus relaciones sexuales hasta después de los 19 años tuvieron dos veces menos riesgo que quienes comenzaron antes de los 15 años. El uso de anticonceptivos hormonales aumentó el riesgo de cáncer cervical en relación con las mujeres que utilizaron anticonceptivos no hormonales (RM 1.9, IC 95% 1.3-3.4. Conclusiones. El estudio de factores de riesgo para neoplasia cervical en la población usuaria del programa de prevención y control mostró que las

Disseminated medullary thyroid carcinoma despite early thyroid surgery in the multiple endocrine neoplasia-2A syndrome

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Santen, H. M.; Aronson, D. C.; van Trotsenburg, A. S. P.; ten Kate, F. J. W.; van de Wetering, M. D.; Wiersinga, W. M.; de Vijlder, J. J. M.; Vulsma, T.

2005-01-01

A 5 1/2-year-old boy, with a family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN)-2A syndrome, was evaluated for presence of MEN-2A and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). DNA diagnostics confirmed MEN-2A. Basal (360 ng/L) and pentagastrin stimulated (430 ng/L) calcitonin (CT) levels were slightly

Predictive cytogenetic biomarkers for colorectal neoplasia in medium risk patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Ionescu, E M; Nicolaie, T; Ionescu, M A; Becheanu, G; Andrei, F; Diculescu, M; Ciocirlan, M

2015-01-01

DNA damage and chromosomal alterations in peripheral lymphocytes parallels DNA mutations in tumor tissues. The aim of our study was to predict the presence of neoplastic colorectal lesions by specific biomarkers in "medium risk" individuals (age 50 to 75, with no personal or family of any colorectal neoplasia). We designed a prospective cohort observational study including patients undergoing diagnostic or opportunistic screening colonoscopy. Specific biomarkers were analyzed for each patient in peripheral lymphocytes - presence of micronuclei (MN), nucleoplasmic bridges (NPB) and the Nuclear Division Index (NDI) by the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay (CBMN). Of 98 patients included, 57 were "medium risk" individuals. MN frequency and NPB presence were not significantly different in patients with neoplastic lesions compared to controls. In "medium risk" individuals, mean NDI was significantly lower for patients with any neoplastic lesions (adenomas and adenocarcinomas, AUROC 0.668, p 00.5), for patients with advanced neoplasia (advanced adenoma and adenocarcinoma, AUROC 0.636 p 0.029) as well as for patients with adenocarcinoma (AUROC 0.650, p 0.048), for each comparison with the rest of the population. For a cut-off of 1.8, in "medium risk" individuals, an NDI inferior to that value may predict any neoplastic lesion with a sensitivity of 97.7%, an advanced neoplastic lesion with a sensitivity of 97% and adenocarcinoma with a sensitivity of 94.4%. NDI score may have a role as a colorectal cancer-screening test in "medium risk" individuals. DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid; CRC = colorectal cancer; EU = European Union; WHO = World Health Organization; FOBT = fecal occult blood test; CBMN = cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay; MN = micronuclei; NPB = nucleoplasmic bridges; NDI = Nuclear Division Index; FAP = familial adenomatous polyposis; HNPCC = hereditary non-polypoid colorectal cancer; IBD = inflammatory bowel diseases; ROC = receiver operating

Panorama epidemiológico de la mortalidad por cáncer en el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social: 1991-1995 Epidemiologic panorama of cancer mortality in the Mexican Institute of Social Security: 1991-1995

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

JORGE SALMERÓN-CASTRO

1997-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Describir el comportamiento de la mortalidad global por cáncer, así como la mortalidad específica para las principales neoplasias malignas en población adulta derechohabiente (DH del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS. Material y métodos. A partir de los registros oficiales de defunción y de la información sobre la población para los años 1991-1995, se estimaron las tasas anuales de mortalidad global y específica para las 10 principales neoplasias malignas por sexo, en mayores de 20 años. Asimismo, se estimaron las tendencias nacionales y estatales para las principales neoplasias malignas para cada sexo por medio de regresión de Poisson. Se calcularon las diferencias de tasas de mortalidad específica para las dos principales neoplasias por sexo restando las tasas estatales a su respectiva tasa nacional en 1995. Resultados. La mortalidad global por cáncer en los hombres se incrementó de 76.2 en 1991, a 94.8 por 100 000 DH en 1995; entre las mujeres, ésta se incrementó de 85.6 a 105.8 por 100 000 DH, representando un incremento de 24.4 y de 24% en hombres y mujeres, respectivamente, durante el periodo de estudio. Entre los hombres las neoplasias de riñón, leucemia, páncreas, próstata y pulmón; y entre mujeres las de colon, mama, páncreas, leucemias e hígado, mostraron los incrementos más significativos. Conclusiones. En el IMSS es impostergable la conformación de un registro poblacional de cáncer que permita una mejor vigilancia epidemiológica de las neoplasias y una evaluación permanente del impacto de programas específicos para la prevención y control de este padecimiento en las instituciones.Objective. This paper describes the global cancer mortality and the specific mortality patterns for the main neoplasms among adult members of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS. Material and methods. Using official death certificates and information about the population of the IMSS members during

Primary plasmacytoma of the thyroid gland: a case report of a rare neoplasia Plasmocitoma da glândula tireoide: relato de caso de uma rara neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Cambruzzi

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Extramedullary plasmacytoma comprises 3%-5% of all plasma cell neoplasms, and approximately 80% of the cases occur in the upper respiratory tract. Primary thyroid plasmacytomas (PTP are rare tumors. The authors report a case of PTP in a male patient with dyspnea and dysphagia. Physical examination and computerized tomography (CT scan revealed a solid tumor affecting the thyroid gland, measuring 12 cm in its greatest dimension. Surgical biopsy was performed. Microscopy revealed a hypercellular malignant neoplasm composed of round plasmacytoid cells arranged in solid nests, which showed a positive immunoexpression for CD138, epithelial membrane antigen (AME, kappa light chains and multiple myeloma oncogene 1 (MUM1. The diagnosis of PTP was accordingly established.O plasmocitoma extramedular constitui 3%-5% de todas as neoplasias de plasmócitos e aproximadamente 80% dos casos ocorrem no trato respiratório superior. Plasmocitomas primários da tireoide (TPP são tumores raros. Os autores relatam um caso de TPP em um paciente masculino referindo dispneia e disfagia. O exame físico e a tomografia computadorizada revelaram tumor sólido comprometendo a glândula tireoide, medindo 12 cm na maior dimensão, o qual foi submetido à biópsia cirúrgica. À microscopia, foi identificada neoplasia maligna hipercelular constituída por células redondas/plasmocitoides dispostas em ninhos sólidos, as quais exibiam imunoexpressão positiva para CD138, antígeno da membrana epitelial (AME, cadeias leves kappa e oncogene mieloma múltiplo 1 (MUM1. O diagnóstico de TPP foi, então, estabelecido.

Low accuracy of tumor markers for diagnosing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 patients

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Laat, Joanne M.; Pieterman, Carolina R. C.; Weijmans, Maaike; Hermus, Ad R.; Dekkers, Olaf M.; de Herder, Wouter W.; van der Horst-Schrivers, Anouk N. A.; Drent, Madeleine L.; Bisschop, Peter H.; Havekes, Bas; Vriens, Menno R.; Valk, Gerlof D.

2013-01-01

Context: The assessment of tumor markers for diagnosing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET) in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) patients is advised in the current guidelines but has never been validated for this purpose. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the

Low Accuracy of Tumor Markers for Diagnosing Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Patients

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Laat, Joanne M.; Pieterman, Carolina R. C.; Weijmans, Maaike; Hermus, Ad R.; Dekkers, Olaf M.; de Herder, Wouter W.; van der Horst-Schrivers, Anouk N. A.; Drent, Madeleine L.; Bisschop, Peter H.; Havekes, Bas; Vriens, Menno R.; Valk, Gerlof D.

2013-01-01

Context: The assessment of tumor markers for diagnosing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET) in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) patients is advised in the current guidelines but has never been validated for this purpose. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the

Effectiveness of cryotherapy treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Luciani, Silvana; Gonzales, Miguel; Munoz, Sergio; Jeronimo, Jose; Robles, Sylvia

2008-05-01

To assess the effectiveness of cryotherapy treatment delivered by general practitioners in primary care settings, as part of a screen-and-treat approach for cervical cancer prevention. Women aged between 25 and 49 years residing in San Martin, Peru, who were positive on visual inspection screening were treated, if eligible, with cryotherapy following biopsy. At 12 months post cryotherapy treatment the participants were evaluated for treatment effectiveness and examined by visual inspection and Papanicolaou test and, if positive, referred to a gynecologist for colposcopy and biopsy. Cryotherapy treatment was performed for 1398 women; of these, 531 (38%) had a histology result of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Cryotherapy effectively cured CIN in 418 (88%) women, including 49 (70%) women with a baseline diagnosis of CIN 3. Cryotherapy is an effective treatment for cervical precancerous lesions; it can easily be administered by general practitioners in primary care settings following visual inspection screening.

LASER treatment for women with high-grade vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia: A propensity-matched analysis on the efficacy of ablative versus excisional procedures.

Science.gov (United States)

Bogani, Giorgio; Ditto, Antonino; Martinelli, Fabio; Mosca, Lavinia; Chiappa, Valentina; Rossetti, Diego; Leone Roberti Maggiore, Umberto; Sabatucci, Ilaria; Lorusso, Domenica; Raspagliesi, Francesco

2018-05-14

To investigate the long-term effectiveness of LASER treatment in women affected by high-grade vaginal intra-epithelial neoplasia. Data of consecutive women treated for high-grade vaginal intra-epithelial neoplasia were retrieved. Efficacy and long-term effectiveness of ablative and excisional procedures were tested using a propensity-matched algorithm. Risk of recurrence over the time was assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox models. Overall, 204 patients met the inclusion criteria. LASER ablation and exicision were performed in 169 (82.8%) and 35 (17.2%) patients. A total of 41 (20%) patients developed high-grade vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia at a median follow-up of 65 (range, 6-120) months. We observed that only HPV persistence (HR: 2.37 [95%CI:1.03, 5.42]; P = 0.04) was associated with the risk of recurrence at multivariate analysis. Seven (3.4%) invasive cancers of the lower genital tract were observed in our population. Considering the efficacy of type of procedure (after we applied the propensity-matched analysis), we observed that type of procedure did not influence persistence of HPV infection (22.8% after excision and 15.7% after ablation; P = 0.424). Similarly, recurrence (17.1% vs. 18.6%; P = 1.00) and lower genital tract (2.8% vs. 1.4%; P = 1.00) rates were similar between groups. Women affected by high-grade vaginal intra-epithelial neoplasia are at high risk of recurrence. LASER ablation seems to be equivalent to excision in term of long-term effectiveness. Lasers Surg. Med. 9999:1-7, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The Analysis of Genetic Polymorphism. The Relationship between Interleukin – 4 Polymorphisms and Intraepithelial Cervical Neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Florin STAMATIAN

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Objectives: Interleukin 4 plays a critical role in T helper 2 responses to HPV infection and angiogenesis. The present study aim to study the association between the IL4 promoter polymorphism – 590 C>T, respectively VNTR intron 2 polymorphism and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Material and method: We have realized a prospective case controls study that included 128 cases of intraepithelial neoplasia positive for HPV HR testing and 111 controls negative for intraepithelial lesion and also negative for HPV HR. Clinical examination was performed on each patient; blood and cervical sample were obtained. Cervical probes were analyzed regarding cytology and HPV HR testing. From peripheral blood DNA sample was obtain followed by genotype analysis for IL4 -590 C>T using PCR RFLP, respectively IL4 70 bp VNTR determined by PCR. Results: The absolute frequency of genotypes for IL4 -590 C>T was T/T-5, C/T-42, C/C-81 in the cases group respectively T/T-2, C/T-32, C/C-77 in the control group. The chi-square test had a value of 0.983 (p=0.321 while considering the presence of a minimum one single variant allele as a risk factor for cervical cancer, respectively 0.926 (p=0.336 for homozygous variant genotype. Odds ratio was 0.761 (95%CI [0.443-1.306] while considering C/T+T/T respectively 2R/3R, 2R/2R as a risk factor, and 0.451 (95%CI 95% [0.086-2.374] - TT respectively 2R/2R as a risk factor. Conclusion: No linear statistical significant association has been found between IL4 polymorphism and cervical neoplasia (p = 0.322.

Neoplasia intra-epitelial grau III da vulva e da região perianal tratada com vulvectomia superficial: relato de caso High-grade vulvar and perianal intraepithelial neoplasia treated with skinning vulvectomy: a case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Walquíria Quida Salles Pereira Primo

2003-05-01

Full Text Available A neoplasia intra-epitelial vulvar grau III (NIV III se manifesta de modo visível, portanto, acessível à biópsia e, por conseguinte, ao diagnóstico histológico. Há duas formas precursoras do câncer vulvar: a NIV associada ao papiloma vírus humano (HPV e a NIV associada ao líquen simples crônico, hiperplasia de células escamosas e líquen escleroso, não tratados. Porém, pode existir sobreposição das duas formas. O termo papulose bowenóide, apesar de ser desencorajado, define uma das formas clínicas da NIV, que se apresenta como lesões pigmentadas, verruciformes, papulares e múltiplas. A NIV III está associada com HPV em mais de 80% dos casos e em 40% das vezes, nota-se envolvimento perianal. O seu tratamento é muito difícil e pode ocorrer recorrência em qualquer tempo e por muitos anos. Embora não exista tratamento padrão definido, os trabalhos apontam para a cirurgia, respeitando margem de segurança, como o mais adequado.High-grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN III is a visible lesion; therefore, it is accessible to biopsy and thus, to a histological diagnosis. There are two forms of vulvar cancer precursors: VIN caused by human papillomavirus (HPV and VIN associated with untreated lichen simplex chronicus, squamous cell hyperplasia, and lichen sclerosus. There may be overlap of the two forms. The term bowenoid papulosis, although discouraged, identifics a clinical form of VIN III. Such lesion appears as pigmented, wart-like growths or papules. VIN III is associated with HPV in more than 80% of the cases, and there is perianal involvement in 40% of the times. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia is difficult to cure and relapses can occur at any time for many years. Although there is no defined standard treatment, studies point to surgery, respecting a free margin, as the most adequate one.

Neoplasias malignas de glândulas salivares: estudo retrospectivo = Malignant neoplasms of salivary glands: retrospective study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Barbosa, Renata Pereira de Sousa et al.

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho objetivou identificar a ocorrência de neoplasias malignas em glândulas salivares de pacientes dos hospitais de referência no tratamento de Câncer do Estado da Paraíba no período de 1998 a 2003. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo pelo método indireto, através da análise de 914 prontuários arquivados do Hospital Dr. Napoleão Laureano, em João Pessoa-PB, e do Centro de Cancerologia Ulisses Pinto, em Campina Grande-PB. Encontrou-se 29 casos de neoplasias malignas de glândulas salivares, dos quais 53,6% acometeram indivíduos do gênero masculino e 46,4% do feminino; a faixa etária com maior número de casos foi de 61-80 anos com 48,3%. A glândula parótida apresentou maior prevalência com 48,3%, sendo o tipo neoplásico com maior representação da amostra o Carcinoma adenóide cístico com 58,6%

Multiple endocrine neoplasia phenocopy revealed as a co-occurring neuroendocrine tumor and familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia type 3

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hovden, Silje; Jespersen, Marie Louise; Nissen, Peter H

2016-01-01

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia type 3 should be considered as differential diagnosis in patients with suspected primary hyperparathyroidism and/or suspected multiple neoplasia syndrome, as correct diagnosis will spare the patients for going through multiple futile parathyroidectomies...... and for the worry of being diagnosed with a cancer susceptibility syndrome....

Hyperspectral wide gap second derivative analysis for in vivo detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Science.gov (United States)

Zheng, Wenli; Wang, Chaojian; Chang, Shufang; Zhang, Shiwu; Xu, Ronald X.

2015-12-01

Hyperspectral reflectance imaging technique has been used for in vivo detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. However, the clinical outcome of this technique is suboptimal owing to multiple limitations such as nonuniform illumination, high-cost and bulky setup, and time-consuming data acquisition and processing. To overcome these limitations, we acquired the hyperspectral data cube in a wavelength ranging from 600 to 800 nm and processed it by a wide gap second derivative analysis method. This method effectively reduced the image artifacts caused by nonuniform illumination and background absorption. Furthermore, with second derivative analysis, only three specific wavelengths (620, 696, and 772 nm) are needed for tissue classification with optimal separability. Clinical feasibility of the proposed image analysis and classification method was tested in a clinical trial where cervical hyperspectral images from three patients were used for classification analysis. Our proposed method successfully classified the cervix tissue into three categories of normal, inflammation and high-grade lesion. These classification results were coincident with those by an experienced gynecology oncologist after applying acetic acid. Our preliminary clinical study has demonstrated the technical feasibility for in vivo and noninvasive detection of cervical neoplasia without acetic acid. Further clinical research is needed in order to establish a large-scale diagnostic database and optimize the tissue classification technique.

Comparison of telomerase activity in prostate cancer, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Soleiman Mahjoub

2006-11-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase enzyme that synthesizes telomeric DNA on chromosome ends. The enzyme is important for the immortalization of cancer cells because it maintains the telomeres. METHODS: Telomerase activity (TA was measured by fluorescence-based telomeric repeat amplification protocol (FTRAP assay in prostate carcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH. RESULTS: TA was present in 91.4% of 70 prostate cancers, 68.8% of 16 prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN, 43.3% of 30 BPH*, 21.4% of 14 atrophy and 20% of 15 normal samples adjacent to tumor. There was not any significant correlation between TA, histopathological tumor stage or gleason score. In contrast to high TA in the BPH* tissue from the cancer-bearing gland, only 6.3% of 32 BPH specimens from patients only diagnosed with BPH were telomerase activity-positive. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that TA is present in most prostate cancers. The high rate of TA in tissue adjacent to tumor may be attributed either to early molecular alteration of cancer that was histologically unapparent, or to the presence of occult cancer cells. Our findings suggest that the re-expression of telomerase activity could be one step in the transformation of BPH to PIN. KEY WORDS: Telomerase activity, prostate cancer, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Using gene expression in patients with endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia to assess the risk of cancer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Koah Vierkoetter

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Patients diagnosed with an endometrial cancer precursor lesion on biopsy may be found to have endometrial cancer at the time of subsequent surgery. The current study seeks to identify patients with endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN on biopsy that may be harboring an occult carcinoma. Immunohistochemical stains for gene loss of expression (LOE for 6 genes, PTEN, ARID1A, MSH6, MSH2, MLH1, and PMS2, were performed on 113 biopsy specimens with EIN. For the 95 patients with follow-up histology, 40 patients had cancer, 41 had EIN, and 14 had normal endometrium. PTEN LOE was found frequently in both EIN and endometrial cancer, and therefore had low positive predictive value. All specimens with ARID1A, MSH6, MSH2, MLH1, or PMS2 LOE on biopsy were subsequently found to have cancer. LOE of any gene was associated with modest sensitivity (0.78 in identifying patients with endometrial cancer who had EIN on biopsy. Further investigation is warranted to determine if gene LOE is a useful clinical tool when evaluating patients with EIN on biopsy. Keywords: Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia, Endometrial cancer, Gene expression, PTEN, ARID1A, Mismatch repair genes

Efecto de la endotelina-1 sobre las arterias tumorales de pacientes con neoplasia colorrectal Effect of endothelin-1 on tumor arteries in patients with colorectal cancer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

E. Ferrero Herrero

2008-06-01

Full Text Available La endotelina-1 es un péptido vasoconstrictor producido por el endotelio vascular, cuyos niveles plasmáticos están aumentados en los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal y que puede participar en la regulación del flujo sanguíneo tumoral. Para estudiar si la respuesta a este péptido está alterada en las arterias tumorales, se obtuvieron, de 13 pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente por cáncer colorrectal, arterias mesentéricas irrigando el tumor y arterias mesentéricas de una región alejada del tumor, y asimismo se obtuvieron arterias mesentéricas de pacientes intervenidos por diverticulitis (n = 4 o enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (n = 3. Las arterias mesentéricas se montaron en una preparación para el registro de la contracción isométrica en un baño de órganos, encontrándose que la endotelina-1 producía contracción en los tres tipos de arterias, pero la sensibilidad a este péptido fue mayor en las arterias irrigando el tumor que en las arterias alejadas del tumor o en las arterias de pacientes sin patología tumoral. Estos resultados indican que la endotelina-1 puede regular el flujo sanguíneo en los tumores colorrectales, produciendo una mayor vasoconstricción en las arterias que irrigan el tumor que en las arterias no tumorales.Endothelin-1 is an endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor peptide whose plasma levels are increased in patients with colorectal cancer, and which may be involved in tumor blood flow regulation. To study whether response to this peptide is altered in tumor arteries, mesenteric arteries supplying blood flow to colorectal tumors, and mesenteric arteries far from said tumors were obtained from 13 patients undergoing colectomy; mesenteric arteries were also obtained from patients with diverticulitis (n = 4 or inflammatory bowel disease (n = 3. Arteries were prepared for isometric tension recording in an organ bath, and in this preparation it was found that endothelin-1 induced contraction in all three

The discriminatory capability of existing scores to predict advanced colorectal neoplasia: a prospective colonoscopy study of 5,899 screening participants.

Science.gov (United States)

Wong, Martin C S; Ching, Jessica Y L; Ng, Simpson; Lam, Thomas Y T; Luk, Arthur K C; Wong, Sunny H; Ng, Siew C; Ng, Simon S M; Wu, Justin C Y; Chan, Francis K L; Sung, Joseph J Y

2016-02-03

We evaluated the performance of seven existing risk scoring systems in predicting advanced colorectal neoplasia in an asymptomatic Chinese cohort. We prospectively recruited 5,899 Chinese subjects aged 50-70 years in a colonoscopy screening programme(2008-2014). Scoring systems under evaluation included two scoring tools from the US; one each from Spain, Germany, and Poland; the Korean Colorectal Screening(KCS) scores; and the modified Asia Pacific Colorectal Screening(APCS) scores. The c-statistics, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values(PPVs), and negative predictive values(NPVs) of these systems were evaluated. The resources required were estimated based on the Number Needed to Screen(NNS) and the Number Needed to Refer for colonoscopy(NNR). Advanced neoplasia was detected in 364 (6.2%) subjects. The German system referred the least proportion of subjects (11.2%) for colonoscopy, whilst the KCS scoring system referred the highest (27.4%). The c-statistics of all systems ranged from 0.56-0.65, with sensitivities ranging from 0.04-0.44 and specificities from 0.74-0.99. The modified APCS scoring system had the highest c-statistics (0.65, 95% C.I. 0.58-0.72). The NNS (12-19) and NNR (5-10) were similar among the scoring systems. The existing scoring systems have variable capability to predict advanced neoplasia among asymptomatic Chinese subjects, and further external validation should be performed.

Human papillomavirus detection in cervical neoplasia attributed to 12 high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes by region

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Castellsagué, Xavier; Ault, Kevin A; Bosch, F Xavier

2016-01-01

Background: We estimated the proportion of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) cases attributed to 14 HPV types, including quadrivalent (qHPV) (6/11/16/18) and 9-valent (9vHPV) (6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58) vaccine types, by region. Methods: Women ages 15-26 and 24-45 years from 5 regions were...

Vaporização a laser do cervix para tratamento da neoplasia intraepitelial cervical

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Euridice Maria de Almeida Figueiredo

Full Text Available O câncer cérvico-uterino é muito comum em vários países da América Latina. As estatísticas de mortalidade e as taxas de incidência demonstram a sua real importância. O cânver cérvico-uterino freqüentemente é uma doença progressiva iniciada com mudanças intra-epiteliais, que podem se transformar em um processo invasivo, sendo o nosso objetivo tratar precocemente estas lesões quando ainda é possível a cura de 100%. Em nosso estudo prospectivo foram selecionadas 21 pacientes com neoplasia cervical intra-epitelial reatreadas pela citplogia e diagnosticadas pela histopatologia após biópsia dirigida pela colposcopia. O método terapêutico empregado foi a vaporização a laser com o CO2. Tiveram como pré-requisito os seguintes critérios: informação segura pela colposcopia da zona de transformação e afastar a presença de câncer invasivo; a neoplasia epitelial cervical deve ocupar a ectocervix sem nenhuma extensão para o canal cervical e correlação positiva entre a citologia, colposcopia e histologia. O uso de laser CO2 com microscópio permitiu precisão na aplicação e com vantagens de ser um procedimento ambulatorial diminuindo estresse cirúrgico das pacientes. Foi realizado sem anestesia e com duração média de 15 minutos. A cicatrização completou-se em torno de três semanas e com cuidados operatórios mínimos. Somente dois casos tiveram sangramento vaginal discreto no quinto e décimo dia de pós-operatório, resolvido com tamponamento vaginal por 24 horas. A colposcopia, cirurgia e o seguimento foram feitos pelo autor, tendo uma paciente sido submetida a uma segunda vaporização no quinto mês de controle. Somente uma paciente teve recidiva no 26° mês de seguimento e complementará o tratamento. As vinte outras restantes estão em controle sem recidiva de doença. Em vista dos resultados obtivemos um percentual de cura de 95%, que coincide com a literatura. O uso de laser CO2 no tratamento das neoplasias

Alteration of strain background and a high omega-6 fat diet induces earlier onset of pancreatic neoplasia in EL-Kras transgenic mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Cheon, Eric C; Strouch, Matthew J; Barron, Morgan R; Ding, Yongzeng; Melstrom, Laleh G; Krantz, Seth B; Mullapudi, Bhargava; Adrian, Kevin; Rao, Sambasiva; Adrian, Thomas E; Bentrem, David J; Grippo, Paul J

2011-06-15

Diets containing omega-6 (ω-6) fat have been associated with increased tumor development in carcinogen-induced pancreatic cancer models. However, the effects of ω-6 fatty acids and background strain on the development of genetically-induced pancreatic neoplasia is unknown. We assessed the effects of a diet rich in ω-6 fat on the development of pancreatic neoplasia in elastase (EL)-Kras(G12D) (EL-Kras) mice in two different backgrounds. EL-Kras FVB mice were crossed to C57BL/6 (B6) mice to produce EL-Kras FVB6 F1 (or EL-Kras F1) and EL-Kras B6 congenic mice. Age-matched EL-Kras mice from each strain were compared to one another on a standard chow. Two cohorts of EL-Kras FVB and EL-Kras F1 mice were fed a 23% corn oil diet and compared to age-matched mice fed a standard chow. Pancreata were scored for incidence, frequency, and size of neoplastic lesions, and stained for the presence of mast cells to evaluate changes in the inflammatory milieu secondary to a high fat diet. EL-Kras F1 mice had increased incidence, frequency, and size of pancreatic neoplasia compared to EL-Kras FVB mice. The frequency and size of neoplastic lesions and the weight and pancreatic mast cell densities in EL-Kras F1 mice were increased in mice fed a high ω-6 fatty acid diet compared to mice fed a standard chow. We herein introduce the EL-Kras B6 mouse model which presents with increased frequency of pancreatic neoplasia compared to EL-Kras F1 mice. The phenotype in EL-Kras F1 and FVB mice is promoted by a diet rich in ω-6 fatty acid. Copyright © 2010 UICC.

DNA methylation as an adjunct to histopathology to detect prevalent, inconspicuous dysplasia and early-stage neoplasia in Barrett's esophagus

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Alvi, Muhammad A.; Liu, Xinxue; O'Donovan, Maria; Newton, Richard; Wernisch, Lorenz; Shannon, Nicholas B.; Shariff, Kareem; Di Pietro, Massimiliano; Bergman, Jacques J. G. H. M.; Ragunath, Krish; Fitzgerald, Rebecca C.

2013-01-01

Endoscopic surveillance of Barrett's esophagus is problematic because dysplasia/early-stage neoplasia is frequently invisible and likely to be missed because of sampling bias. Molecular abnormalities may be more diffuse than dysplasia. The aim was therefore to test whether DNA methylation,

Fluorescence detection of esophageal neoplasia

Science.gov (United States)

Borisova, E.; Vladimirov, B.; Avramov, L.

2008-06-01

White-light endoscopy is well-established and wide used modality. However, despite the many technological advances that have been occurred, conventional endoscopy is suboptimal and usually detects advanced stage lesions. The limitations of standard endoscopy initiate development of spectroscopic techniques, additional to standard endoscopic equipment. One of the most sensitive approaches is fluorescence spectroscopy of gastrointestinal mucosa for neoplasia detection. In the recent study delta-aminolevulinic acid/Protoporphyrin IX (5-ALA/PpIX) is used as fluorescent marker for dysplasia and tumor detection in esophagus. The 5-ALA is administered per os six hours before measurements at dose 20 mg/kg weight. Excitation source has max of emission at 405 nm and light is delivered by the standard light guide of the endoscopic equipment. Through endoscopic instrumental channel a fiber is applied to return information about fluorescence to microspectrometer. Spectral features observed during endoscopic investigations could be distinct as the next regions: 450-630 nm region, where tissue autofluorescence is observed; 630-710 nm region, where fluorescence of PpIX is clearly pronounced; 530-580 nm region, where minima in the autofluorescence signal are observed, related to reabsorption of blood. The lack of fluorescence peaks in the red spectral area for normal mucosa is an indication for selective accumulation of 5-ALA/PpIX only in abnormal sites Very good correlation between fluorescence signals and histology examination of the lesions investigated is achieved.

Risk Factors for the presence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV+ men who have sex with men

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Richel, Olivier; de Vries, Henry J. C.; Dijkgraaf, Marcel G. W.; van Noesel, Carel J. M.; Prins, Jan M.

2013-01-01

Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (AIN) is present in the majority of HIV+ men who have sex with men (MSM) and routine AIN-screening is subject of discussion. In this study we analysed a wide range of potential risk factors for AIN in order to target screening programs. We screened 311 HIV+ MSM by high

Human papillomavirus prevalence and type-distribution in cervical glandular neoplasias

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Holl, Katsiaryna; Nowakowski, Andrzej M; Powell, Ned

2015-01-01

Cervical glandular neoplasias (CGN) present a challenge for cervical cancer prevention due to their complex histopathology and difficulties in detecting preinvasive stages with current screening practices. Reports of human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and type-distribution in CGN vary, providing...... uncertain evidence to support prophylactic vaccination and HPV screening. This study [108288/108290] assessed HPV prevalence and type-distribution in women diagnosed with cervical adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS, N = 49), adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC, N = 104), and various adenocarcinoma subtypes (ADC, N = 461...... of CGN are HPV16/18/45-positive, the incorporation of prophylactic vaccination and HPV testing in cervical cancer screening are important prevention strategies. Our results suggest that special attention should be given to certain rarer ADC subtypes as most appear to be unrelated to HPV....

Estudo histoquímico de proteínas fibrilares da matriz extracelular em neoplasias mamárias benignas e malignas na espécie canina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Maria Cristina Rabello Pinto da Fonseca Martins

2002-01-01

Full Text Available A finalidade do presente trabalho foi estudar algumas das proteínas fibrilares da matriz extracelular de 54 neoplasias mamárias benignas e malignas na espécie canina, utilizando métodos histoquímicos: Picrosirius associado à polarização para fibras colágenas , método de Gordon - Sweats para fibras reticulares e método de Weigert com e sem oxidação para fibras elásticas. Evidenciou-se na matriz uma grande variabilidade na quantidade, distribuição e características dos componentes matriciais presentes nos diferentes tipos de neoplasias. Detectou-se, assim, colágeno I, III e elementos do sistema elástico, distribuídos diferentemente nas neoplasias benignas e malignas. O método Picrosirius simples e associado à polarização permitiu a visualização do colágeno sob a forma de fibras espessas distribuídas irregularmente no estroma dos carcinomas e de modo mais ordenado e regular nas neoplasias benignas e, fibras mais finas, em menor quantidade, irregularmente e aleatoriamente dispostas nos carcinomas e regularmente nas neoplasias benigna. Sob luz polarizada os feixes de fibras colágenas , apresentaram diferentes comprimentos, avermelhados ou amarelados e fortemente birrefringentes, sugerindo serem colágeno tipo I e, entremeando as fibras, algumas mais finas ,pálidas, esverdeadas e fracamente birrefringentes, presumivelmente colágeno tipo III. Em áreas condrometaplásicas, tanto nos carcinomas como nas neoplasias benignas notou-se que os feixes colágenos apresentavam-se com fibras finas, paralelas, limitando regiões estreitas onde os condrócitos se aninhavam, e, rodeando esta área, feixes de fibras espessas, anastomosadas, dispostas irregularmente nos carcinomas e ordenadamente e paralelas nas neoplasias benignas. Sob luz polarizada, essa população entre condrócitos era formada por fibras pálidas e amareladas, sugerindo padrão tipo II e na faixa circundante, feixes fortemente birrefringentes, sugerindo o padr

From Normalcy to Neoplasia. The Role of Epithelial-Stromal Interactions in Regulating Mammary Growth and Differentiation

Science.gov (United States)

2000-08-01

stromal steroid hormone receptors in mammary gland growth and development using tissue recombinants. J. Mammary Gland Biol. Neoplasia 2, 393-402. Debatin...Birkedal-Hansen (1999) MT1-MMP- deficient mice develop dwarfism , osteopenia, arthritis, and connective tissue disease due to inadequate collagen...al., 1988). Ligands of the epidermal growth hormonally regulated ductal development during puberty and factor receptor (EGFR) are believed to be

Caracterización de lesiones cervicouterinas en pacientes atendidas en el hospital “Ernesto Guevara de la Serna”

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alicia María Yabor Palomo

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: en los últimos años ha existido un incremento en la incidencia de cáncer cérvicouterino en pacientes pertenecientes a la provincia de Las Tunas.Objetivo: caracterizar a las pacientes con lesiones cervicales, cuyas biopsias fueron analizadas en el departamento de anatomía patológica, perteneciente al Hospital General Docente “Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna”, en el período comprendido entre enero de 2013 y diciembre de 2014.Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, en 1369 pacientes con lesiones cervicales, atendidas en el lugar y período de tiempo antes señalado, se utilizó el modelo oficial de biopsia como fuente secundaria de recolección de la información. Los datos fueron procesados utilizando la estadística descriptiva.Resultados: del total de la muestra, la frecuencia de positividad de las biopsias para lesiones cervicales pertenecieron: al año 2013 el 44,4 % y 55,6 % al 2014. Predominaron las mujeres en edad comprendida entre 26 y 35 años, 47,4 %, seguido del grupo de 36 a 55 años, 43,46 %; la neoplasia intraepitelial grado I estuvo presente en el 42,73 %. El 33,6 % de la muestra presentó infección por el virus del papiloma humano, de ellas el 35,28 % correspondieron al 2013 y el 32,19 % al 2014. La neoplasia intraepitelial cervical grado III reportó la mayor cantidad de pacientes con cervicitis, para un 42,95 %, seguido por el carcinoma in situ, presente en el 93 % de la muestra.Conclusiones: se caracterizaron las lesiones cervicouterinas en pacientes de la provincia, predominó el grupo de edad comprendido entre 26 y 35 años, la neoplasia intraepitelial grado I, aproximadamente un tercio estaban infectadas con el virus del papiloma humano, y en las pacientes con neoplasia intraepitelial cervical grado III existió mayor incidencia de cervicitis.

Role of human immunodeficiency virus infection in the pathogenesis of human papillomavirus-associated cervical neoplasia.

OpenAIRE

Braun, L.

1994-01-01

Although many basic questions about the relationship between HIV and HPV infection remain unresolved, epidemiological studies have consistently shown a strong association between HIV infection and the development of HPV-related squamous intraepithelial neoplasia. This work indicates that HIV infection may promote the clinical manifestation of subclinical or latent HPV infection. Recent technical advances localizing virus DNA and gene products in situ will provide new avenues for investigation...

Quality of life and fear of cancer recurrence after endoscopic and surgical treatment for early neoplasia in Barrett's esophagus

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Rosmolen, W. D.; Boer, K. R.; de Leeuw, R. J.; Gamel, C. J.; van Berge Henegouwen, M. I.; Bergman, J. J.; Sprangers, M. A.

2010-01-01

Background and study aims: Endoscopic treatment of early neoplasia in Barrett's esophagus preserves the esophagus and is minimally invasive compared with surgical treatment. However, the influence of endoscopic therapy on quality of life (QOL) and fear of cancer recurrence is unknown. We explored

Long-term absolute risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse following human papillomavirus infection: role of persistence

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kjær, Susanne K; Frederiksen, Kirsten; Plum, Christian Edinger Munk

2010-01-01

Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cancer. It has been suggested that information about high-risk HPV type-specific infection might make cervical cancer screening more effective. Persistent HPV infection...

Progression from high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia to cancer: a randomized trial of combination vitamin-E, soy, and selenium

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Fleshner, N.E.; Kapusta, L.; Donnelly, B.; Tanguay, S.; Chin, J.; Hersey, K.; Farley, A.; Jansz, K.; Siemens, D.R.; Trpkov, K.; Lacombe, L.; Gleave, M.; Tu, D.; Parulekar, W.R.

2011-01-01

PURPOSE: High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) is a putative precursor of invasive prostate cancer (PCa). Preclinical evidence suggests vitamin E, selenium, and soy protein may prevent progression of HGPIN to PCa. This hypothesis was tested in a randomized phase III double-blind

Less medical intervention after sharp demarcation of grade 1-2 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia smears by neural network screening

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kok, MR; Boon, ME; Schreiner-Kok, PG; Hermans, J; Grobbee, DE; Kok, LP

2001-01-01

BACKGROUND. Neural network technology has been used for the daily screening of cervical smears in The Netherlands since 1992. The authors believe this method might have the potential to demarcate diagnoses of Grade 1-2 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 1-2). METHODS. Of 133,196 women who were

Características clínicas y toxicidad del tratamiento de tuberculosis en pacientes con cáncer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Cuéllar

Full Text Available Objetivos. Evaluar las características clínico-epidemiológicas de la tuberculosis activa en pacientes portadores de neoplasia maligna y evaluar la influencia del tratamiento antituberculoso sobre el manejo de cáncer en el Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas entre el 2008 y 2013. Materiales y métodos. Estudio observacional de casos de tuberculosis diagnosticados mediante baciloscopía positiva en pacientes con cáncer. Se revisó la información clínica, evolución, e información patológica de la neoplasia. Resultados. Se encontraron 76 casos de tuberculosis activa luego del diagnóstico de cáncer. La mediana de edad fue 51,3 años. La mediana de seguimiento fue 2,1 años. Las neoplasias más frecuentes fueron leucemia linfática aguda (14,5% para las hematológicas y cáncer de cérvix (14,5%, mama (10,5% y gástrico (7,9% para las no hematológicas. El 27,6% de los pacientes presentó recurrencia de la neoplasia; el diagnóstico de tuberculosis confundió el estadiaje inicial en 6,9% y se planteó inicialmente como recurrencia del cáncer en 11,1% (neoplasias de mama y colon. El diagnóstico de tuberculosis retrasó o influyó en la reducción de dosis del tratamiento antineoplásico en 11,1% de los casos (leucemia linfática aguda y linfoma no Hodgkin. El 8,3% de los pacientes presentó toxicidad al tratamiento antituberculoso. Conclusiones. Los pacientes con cáncer pueden presentar infección activa por tuberculosis. El efecto de interferencia del diagnóstico y tratamiento de tuberculosis sobre la evaluación del cáncer y el tratamiento antineoplásico en nuestra serie es mínimo.

Adenocarcinoma y carcinoma tipo linfoepitelioma sincrónico en estómago: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

D. Aranguibel

2012-04-01

Full Text Available El cáncer gástrico es una de las principales causas de muerte en el mundo. En Venezuela, las neoplasias gástricas representan 37% de todos los tumores malignos del sistema digestivo, pero el carcinoma tipo linfoepitelioma, sólo se presenta entre 1,6% y 3,1% de los casos. También es rara la presentación de lesiones tumorales sincrónicas. Al respecto se expone el caso clínico, el primero en este país, de un varón con 2 lesiones tumorales sincrónicas. Las lesiones lucían como incipientes, no obstante, el estudio histológico mostró 2 neoplasias malignas de estirpe epitelial: adenocarcinoma bien diferenciado y carcinoma tipo linfoepitelioma.

Genetic Variants in TAP Are Associated with High-Grade Cervical Neoplasia

Science.gov (United States)

Einstein, Mark H.; Leanza, Suzanne; Chiu, Lydia G.; Schlecht, Nicolas F.; Goldberg, Gary L.; Steinberg, Bettie M.; Burk, Robert D.

2018-01-01

Purpose The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) is essential in assembling MHC-I proteins. Human papillomavirus (HPV) evades immune recognition by decreasing class I MHC cell surface expression through down-regulation of TAP1 levels. Consistent with heterogeneity in MHC expression is the individual variability in clearing detectable HPV infections. Genetic polymorphisms in TAP genes may affect protein structure, function, and the ability to clear HPV infection. Experimental Design Case-control study of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) II or III (n = 114) and women without high-grade CIN (n = 366). Five nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in TAP1 and TAP2 were genotyped using DNA collected in cervicovaginal lavage samples using microsphere array technology (Luminex ×MAP). HPV typing was done using a PCR-based system with MY09/MY11 primers. TAP1 and TAP2 SNPs were validated by direct sequencing. Results Differences in allele distribution between women with high-grade cervical neoplasia and women without was seen for TAP1 I333V (P = 0.02) and TAP1 D637G (p = 0.01).The odds ratios (OR) for CIN III were significantly lower among carriers of the TAP1 I333V polymorphism (OR, 0.28; 95% confidence interval, 0.1-0.8), and TAP1 D637G polymorphism (OR, 0.27; 95% confidence interval, 0.1-0.7). These associations remained significant even after restricting the evaluation to women who were positive for high-risk HPV types. Conclusions In addition to the down-regulation of MHC-1 by oncogenic HPV, HPV pathogenesis might be facilitated by polymorphisms in the TAP proteins. Identifying TAP polymorphisms may potentially be used to identify women less susceptible to progression to high-grade CIN and cervical cancer. PMID:19188174

Dermatomiosite como primeira manifestação de uma neoplasia pulmonar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A.S. Castro

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Resumo: A dermatomiosite (DM é uma doença rara, caracterizada por fraqueza muscular proximal associada a exantema cutâneo típico. A biopsia muscular apresenta lesões inflamatórias compatíveis com miosite, estando associada a um aumento de risco de neoplasia, frequentemente considerada como síndrome paraneoplásico. Os autores apresentam um caso de um homem de 63 anos, com quadro de fraqueza muscular proximal progressiva e exantema cutâneo com 2 meses de evolução. A biopsia cutânea e muscular foram compatíveis com DM. A tomografia tórax mostrou imagem nodular paracardíaca esquerda e a biopsia brônquica confirmou diagnóstico de carcinoma pulmão pequenas células. Este caso clínico pretende realçar a importância da realização do estudo diagnóstico exaustivo em doentes com DM, visto que esta patologia surge frequentemente como síndrome paraneoplásico. Abstract: Dermatomyositis (DM is a rare disease characterised by proximal muscle weakness and a typical cutaneous rash. The muscle biopsy shows inflammatory lesions consistent with myositis, being related to an increased risk of cancer, often considered as a paraneoplastic syndrome. The authors present a case of a 63-year-old man, with progressive proximal muscle weakness and cutaneous rash, appearing in two months. The muscle and skin biopsies were consistent with DM. Chest tomography showed a nodular image in the lingular region and bronchy biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC. This clinical case intends to enhance the importance of a thorough diagnostic study in patients with DM, as it is often a paraneoplastic syndrome. Palavras-chave: Dermatomiosite, Síndrome paraneoplásico, Neoplasias pulmonares, Keywords: Dermatomyositis, Paraneoplastic syndrome, Lung neoplasms

The role of APC in WNT pathway activation in serrated neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Borowsky, Jennifer; Dumenil, Troy; Bettington, Mark; Pearson, Sally-Ann; Bond, Catherine; Fennell, Lochlan; Liu, Cheng; McKeone, Diane; Rosty, Christophe; Brown, Ian; Walker, Neal; Leggett, Barbara; Whitehall, Vicki

2018-03-01

Conventional adenomas are initiated by APC gene mutation that activates the WNT signal. Serrated neoplasia is commonly initiated by BRAF or KRAS mutation. WNT pathway activation may also occur, however, to what extent this is owing to APC mutation is unknown. We examined aberrant nuclear β-catenin immunolocalization as a surrogate for WNT pathway activation and analyzed the entire APC gene coding sequence in serrated and conventional pathway polyps and cancers. WNT pathway activation was a common event in conventional pathway lesions with aberrant nuclear immunolocalization of β-catenin and truncating APC mutations in 90% and 89% of conventional adenomas and 82% and 70% of BRAF wild-type cancers, respectively. WNT pathway activation was seen to a lesser extent in serrated pathway lesions. It occurred at the transition to dysplasia in serrated polyps with a significant increase in nuclear β-catenin labeling from sessile serrated adenomas (10%) to sessile serrated adenomas with dysplasia (55%) and traditional serrated adenomas (9%) to traditional serrated adenomas with dysplasia (39%) (P=0.0001). However, unlike the conventional pathway, truncating APC mutations were rare in the serrated pathway lesions especially sessile serrated adenomas even when dysplastic (15%) and in the BRAF mutant cancers with microsatellite instability that arise from them (8%). In contrast, APC missense mutations that were rare in conventional pathway adenomas and cancers (3% in BRAF wild-type cancers) were more frequent in BRAF mutant cancers with microsatellite instability (32%). We conclude that increased WNT signaling is important in the transition to malignancy in the serrated pathway but that APC mutation is less common and the spectrum of mutations is different than in conventional colorectal carcinogenesis. Moderate impact APC mutations and non-APC-related causes of increased WNT signaling may have a more important role in serrated neoplasia than the truncating APC mutations

Las creencias y las concepciones. Perspectivas complementarias

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fuensanta HERNÁNDEZ PINA

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Las creencias y las concepciones sobre la enseñanza y el aprendizaje que los profesores sostienen como docentes es una línea de investigación que está suponiendo un avance en el conocimiento sobre factores relevantes para la mejor de la educación. Desde hace más de dos décadas han sido numerosos los investigadores que han venido proporcionando resultados de investigación en torno a las creencias y las concepciones de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje lo que ha supuesto establecer nuevas e interesantes interpretaciones en dicha relación. En el trabajo que presentamos se abordan algunas de las aportaciones sobre dichas creencias y sobre las concepciones de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje.

Pathogenesis of germ cell neoplasia in testicular dysgenesis and disorders of sex development

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, Anne; Lindhardt Johansen, Marie; Juul, Anders

2015-01-01

in individuals with 46,XY DSD. We summarise knowledge concerning development and sex differentiation of human gonads, with focus on sex-dimorphic steps of germ cell maturation, including meiosis. We also briefly outline the histopathology of germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS) and gonadoblastoma (GDB), which......Development of human gonads is a sex-dimorphic process which evolved to produce sex-specific types of germ cells. The process of gonadal sex differentiation is directed by the action of the somatic cells and ultimately results in germ cells differentiating to become functional gametes through...

Actividad y expresión de enzimas convertidoras de angiotensina en neoplasias renales

OpenAIRE

Varela González, Pedro

2015-01-01

146 p. En el presente trabajo de tesis doctoral se realizó un análisis de 3 enzimas convertidoras de angiotensina (ACE, ACE2 y APA) en diferentes histotipos de neoplasias renales. Su objetivo fue conocer la implicación de estas enzimas en la carcinogénesis renal, en el desarrollo de los diferentes histotipos y en el comportamiento agresivo de estos tumores.Mediante diferentes técnicas (PCR, inmunohistoquímica, espectrofluorimetría, espectrofotometría) se analizó la expresión génica y proté...

DEGRO practical guidelines: radiotherapy of breast cancer II. Radiotherapy of non-invasive neoplasia of the breast

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Souchon, R. [University Hospital Tuebingen, Klinik fuer Radioonkologie, Tuebingen (Germany); Sautter-Bihl, M.L. [Municipal Hospital Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe (Germany); Sedlmayer, F. [LKH Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University Hospital, Salzburg (Austria); Budach, W. [University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf (Germany); Dunst, J. [University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck (Germany); Feyer, P. [Klinikum Neukoelln, Berlin (Germany); Fietkau, R.; Sauer, R. [University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen (Germany); Harms, W. [St. Clara Hospital, Basel (Switzerland); Wenz, F. [University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim (Germany); Haase, W.

2014-01-15

To complement and update the 2007 practice guidelines of the breast cancer expert panel of the German Society of Radiation Oncology (DEGRO) for radiotherapy (RT) of breast cancer. Owing to its growing clinical relevance, in the current version, a separate paper is dedicated to non-invasive proliferating epithelial neoplasia of the breast. In addition to the more general statements of the German interdisciplinary S3 guidelines, this paper is especially focused on indication and technique of RT in addition to breast conserving surgery. The DEGRO expert panel performed a comprehensive survey of the literature comprising recently published data from clinical controlled trials, systematic reviews as well as meta-analyses, referring to the criteria of evidence-based medicine yielding new aspects compared to 2005 and 2007. The literature search encompassed the period 2008 to September 2012 using databases of PubMed and Guidelines International Network (G-I-N). Search terms were ''non invasive breast cancer'', ''ductal carcinoma in situ, ''dcis'', ''borderline breast lesions'', ''lobular neoplasia'', ''radiotherapy'' and ''radiation therapy''. In addition to the more general statements of the German interdisciplinary S3 guidelines, this paper is especially focused on indications of RT and decision making of non-invasive neoplasia of the breast after surgery, especially ductal carcinoma in situ. Among different non-invasive neoplasia of the breast only the subgroup of pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS; synonym ductal intraepithelial neoplasia, DIN) is considered for further recurrence risk reduction treatment modalities after complete excision of DCIS, particularly RT following breast conserving surgery (BCS), in order to avoid a mastectomy. About half of recurrences are invasive cancers. Up to 50?% of all recurrences require salvage mastectomy

Multiphoton imaging of low grade, high grade intraepithelial neoplasia and intramucosal invasive cancer of esophagus

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Jian; Jiang, Liwei; Kang, Deyong; Wu, Xuejing; Xu, Meifang; Zhuo, Shuangmu; Zhu, Xiaoqin; Lin, Jiangbo; Chen, Jianxin

2017-04-01

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is devastating because of its aggressive lymphatic spread and clinical course. It is believed to occur through low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN), high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN), and intramucosal invasive cancer (IMC) before transforming to submucosal cancer. In particular, these early lesions (LGIN, HGIN and IMC), which involve no lymph node nor distant metastasis, can be cured by endoscopic treatment. Therefore, early identification of these lesions is important so as to offer a curative endoscopic resection, thus slowing down the development of ESCC. In this work, spectral information and morphological features of the normal esophageal mucosa are first studied. Then, the morphological changes of LGIN, HGIN and IMC are described. Lastly, quantitative parameters are also extracted by calculating the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio of epithelial cells and the pixel density of collagen in the lamina propria. These results show that multiphoton microscopy (MPM) has the ability to identify normal esophageal mucosa, LGIN, HGIN and IMC. With the development of multiphoton endoscope systems for in vivo imaging, combined with a laser ablation system, MPM has the potential to provide immediate pathologic diagnosis and curative treatment of ESCC before the transformation to submucosal cancer in the future.

Valor pronóstico del análisis semicuantitativo del grado de fijación de la 2.[.[18f]fluoro-2-deoxi-d-glucosa mediante tomografía por emisión de positrones en pacientes pediátricos con linfoma

OpenAIRE

Borrego Dorado, Isabel

2016-01-01

El linfoma es una neoplasia relativamente frecuente en niños y adolescentes jóvenes constituyendo del 10% al 15% de todas las neoplasias que aparecen durante la edad pediátrica1, 2. Su pronóstico ha mejorado gracias al desarrollo de nuevos tratamientos en las 2 últimas décadas3, presentando un amplio rango de supervivencia global a los 5 años, que varía desde el 75% en los linfoma no hodgkin (LNH) hasta el 90% en la en¬fermedad de Hodgkin (EH)4-6. Por otra parte, la duración e intensidad del ...

¿Quién habla de las mujeres en las noticias donde ellas son las protagonistas?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Tamarit

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta un análisis de las fuentes que los periodistas utilizan en las informaciones donde las mujeres son protagonistas de las noticias. La investigación -cuantitativa y cualitativa- se ha realizado en los periódicos de ámbito nacional y local de Castilla y León. Con los resultados obtenidos observamos cómo en los periódicos las noticias que hablan de las mujeres en la mayoría de las ocasiones no se firman. Comprobamos cuáles son las fuentes más utilizadas para la elaboración de esas noticias y las diferentes formas de citar a la fuente cuando se trata de un hombre o de una mujer.

Las telenovelas juveniles mexicanas y las adolescentas obesas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tania Meza

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación analiza la opresión por cuerpo (obesidad a la que las mujeres son sometidas dentro del sistema patriarcal durante la adolescencia, específicamente a través de la representación televisiva que de las jóvenes gordas se hace en la telenovela juvenil mexicana. Los enormes niveles de audiencia que poseen las telenovelas en nuestro país hace indispensable, para los estudios de género desde las ciencias dela comunicación, estudiar el papel de las mujeres en dichas teleseries. En este análisis se pretende mostrar la triple marginación a la que son sometidas las adolescentes obesas en las telenovelas juveniles mexicanas: por ser mujeres, por ser jóvenes y por ser gordas.

Las redes sociales presentes en las bibliotecas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Magda Cecilia Sandí S.

2012-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo pretende evidenciar la importancia del uso de las redes sociales en las bibliotecas como una herramienta y un canal de comunicación entre el bibliotecólogo y la comunidad de usuarios. Las redes sociales son una nueva forma de comunicarnos entre las y los usuarios del Internet, su uso es irrestricto y cada vez aumenta la comunidad de usuarios de estas herramientas en la red.

Las redes sociales presentes en las bibliotecas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Magda Cecilia Sandí Sandí

2012-07-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo pretende evidenciar la importancia del uso de las redes sociales en las bibliotecas como una herramienta y un canal de comunicación entre el bibliotecólogo y la comunidad de usuarios. Las redes sociales son una nueva forma de comunicarnos entre las y los usuarios del Internet, su uso es irrestricto y cada vez aumenta la comunidad de usuarios de estas herramientas en la red.

Las redes sociales presentes en las bibliotecas

OpenAIRE

Magda Cecilia Sandí S.

2012-01-01

El presente artículo pretende evidenciar la importancia del uso de las redes sociales en las bibliotecas como una herramienta y un canal de comunicación entre el bibliotecólogo y la comunidad de usuarios. Las redes sociales son una nueva forma de comunicarnos entre las y los usuarios del Internet, su uso es irrestricto y cada vez aumenta la comunidad de usuarios de estas herramientas en la red.

Characterization of a group of patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia diagnosed by diathermic loop biopsy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Torriente Hernandez, Santa; Valdes Alvarez, Orlando; Villarreal Martinez, Aracelis; Lugo Sanchez, Ana

2011-01-01

A retrospective, longitudinal and descriptive study was conducted in 2 696 medical records corresponding to patients diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive cancer of cervix uteri (CCU) seen in the mother hospital of Guanabacoa municipality over above mentioned period. The information processing was from the data retrieval from medical records and biopsy control registry entering in a database in Microsoft Excel and the statistic processing using the SPSS package version 15 and EPIDAT

Photodynamic therapy of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) high grade

Science.gov (United States)

Carbinatto, Fernanda M.; Inada, Natalia M.; Lombardi, Welington; da Silva, Eduardo V.; Belotto, Renata; Kurachi, Cristina; Bagnato, Vanderlei S.

2016-02-01

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is the precursor of invasive cervical cancer and associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a technique that has been used for the treatment of tumors. PDT is based on the accumulation of a photosensitizer in target cells that will generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species upon illumination, inducing the death of abnormal tissue and PDT with less damaging to normal tissues than surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy and seems to be a promising alternative procedure for CIN treatment. The CIN high grades (II and III) presents potential indications for PDT due the success of PDT for CIN low grade treatment. The patients with CIN high grade that were treated with new clinic protocol shows lesion regression to CIN low grade 60 days after the treatment. The new clinical protocol using for treatment of CIN high grade shows great potential to become a public health technique.

Detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in women with atypical squamous or glandular cells of undetermined significance cytology: a prospective study

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wensveen, Celesta; Kagie, Marjolein; Veldhuizen, Roel; de Groot, Christianne; Denny, Lynette; Zwinderman, Koos; Trimbos, Baptist

2003-01-01

(1) To assess the prevalence of histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in patients with cervical smears diagnosed as atypical squamous or glandular cells of undetermined significance. (2) To evaluate the role of colposcopy and the presence of human papillomavirus in detecting

Psychological effects of diagnosis and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Frederiksen, Maria Eiholm; Njor, Sisse; Lynge, Elsebeth

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND: Treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is a common minor surgical procedure to prevent uterine cervical cancer. However, news of an abnormality detected at screening for cancer might cause the woman to worry. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the psychological consequences...... test results, but the impact decreased over time. In several but not all studies, CIN appeared to have similar psychological consequences to abnormal smears. No study showed a difference in psychological outcomes between CIN and cervical cancer diagnosis when these were measured some years after...... psychological outcomes in women with a histological diagnosis or treatment of CIN, and in women having an outcome other than CIN at cervical screening. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We abstracted the data using a pre-specified list of study characteristics and measured outcomes. For studies not reporting...

Mortalidade por neoplasias no Brasil (1980/1983/1985: agrupamento dos Estados, comportamento e tendências Mortality from neoplasms in Brazil (1980/1983/1985: grouping by State, behaviors and tendencies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fábio Gonçalves Pinto

1991-08-01

Full Text Available Examinou-se a mortalidade por neoplasias no Brasil, utilizando-se dados oficiais do Ministério da Saúde, abrangendo 26 Unidades da Federação e 13 diferentes localizações neoplásicas, para os anos de 1980, 1983 e 1985. As Análises de Agrupamento e de Componentes Principais revelaram comportamento heterogêneo entre regiões do país, com relação às 13 variáveis estudadas, sendo que os principais elementos discriminantes foram as neoplasias malignas da traquéia/brônquio/pulmão, seguidas das do estômago, esôfago, cólon e pâncreas. Análises complementares evidenciaram tendência de crescimento das taxas de mortalidade para as neoplasias malignas da próstata (17,74%, da traquéia/brônquio/pulmão(15,22%, da mama (11,32%, do pâncreas (10,23%, do cólon (8,08%, do colo uterino (6,45% e da laringe (6,36%. Houve redução da mortalidade por neoplasias benignas/carcinoma "in situ"/ outras (27,37%, por neoplasias malignas no reto sigmóide/ânus (7,67%, do estômago (5,31%, de outro local do útero não especificado (2,56%, por leucemia (0,70% e por neoplasias malignas do esôfago (0,44%. As neoplasias malignas do estômago foram a principal causa de morte por câncer no Brasil, representando 21,30% do total médio, seguidas das neoplasias malignas da traquéia/brônquio/pulmão(17,49% do total médio. Destacam-se os altos índices de mortalidade por neoplasias malignas do esôfago no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul.Mortality caused by neoplasms in Brazil was examined by means of official Ministry of Health data covering 26 of the Federal Units and 13 different tumoral sites and referring to the years 1980,1983 and 1985. Both cluster analyses and those of principal components have shown heterogenous behaviour as between the different regions of the country in relation to the 13 variants studied. The main discriminatory elements are the trachea/bronchus/lung malign neoplasms followed by those of stomach, pancreas, colon and larynx

Estudio prospectivo de la cefalea en pacientes con hemopatías malignas

OpenAIRE

Marín Lahoz, Juan

2013-01-01

Objetivo: describir las cefaleas en pacientes ingresados con neoplasias hematológicas, identificar los factores asociados a cefaleas secundarias graves. Estudio observacional prospectivo. Se incluyen 30 casos de cefalea correspondientes a 23 pacientes. Ocho cefaleas son primarias y 22 secundarias. Diez de estas, son secundarias a patología grave o potencialmente grave: encefalopatía hipertensiva, neoplasia intracraneal, hemorragia intracraneal, infección cefálica, trombosis venosa, fiebre tum...

Xeroderma pigmentosum with bilateral ocular surface squamous neoplasia and review of the literature.

Science.gov (United States)

Kalamkar, Charudutt; Radke, Nishant; Mukherjee, Amrita; Radke, Snehal

2016-05-10

Xeroderma pigmentosum is a rare genetic disorder associated with various ocular malignancies. Here we report a single paediatric case of xeroderma pigmentosum with bilateral ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) presenting with diffuse lesion in one eye and a large mass in the other eye. Diffuse OSSN in one eye was treated with topical chemotherapy using mitomycin-C (0.04%) and the large OSSN in the other eye was treated with a combination of surgery and topical chemotherapy. Long-term follow-up and a multimodality treatment approach are necessary to identify and manage recurrences of OSSN in XP. 2016 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.

Multifocal Gastric Neoplasia after Recurrent Laser Therapy for the Watermelon Stomach

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Charles N Bernstein

1997-01-01

Full Text Available Repeated laser therapy has become an accepted therapeutic approach in the treatment of watermelon stomach, and to date no important negative sequelae have been reported. The case of a patient who underwent repeated sessions of neodymium: yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG laser therapy over a five-year period for the treatment of the watermelon stomach is presented. Postlaser therapy the patient developed deep ulcerations that would heal; however, he ultimately developed a nodular antrum. Random biopsies of antral nodules revealed carcinoma-in-situ. A Billroth I gastrectomy revealed two foci of carcinoma-in-situ/high grade dysplasia and multiple foci of lower grades of dysplasia. This case suggests a possible association between use of laser therapy and development of gastric neoplasia.

Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tonelli, Francesco; Giudici, Francesco; Giusti, Francesca; Brandi, Maria Luisa

2012-01-01

We reviewed the literature about entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 syndrome (MEN1) to clarify their demographic features, localization imaging, practice, and appropriate therapeutical strategies, analyzing the current approach to entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in MEN1. Despite the fact that hyperparathyroidism is usually the first manifestation of MEN1, the penetrance of these tumors is similar. They are characterized by multiplicity of lesions, variable expression of the tumors, and propensity for malignant degeneration. Both the histological type and the size of MEN1 neuroendocrine tumors correlate with malignancy. Monitoring of pancreatic peptides and use of imaging exams allow early diagnosis and prompt surgical treatment, resulting in prevention of metastatic disease and improvement of long-term survival. Surgery is often the treatment of choice for MEN1-neuroendocrine tumors. The rationale for surgical approach is to curtail malignant progression of the disease, and to cure the associated biochemical syndrome, should it be present

Treatment failure in patients with HPV 16-induced vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: understanding different clinical responses to immunotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

van Esch, Edith M G; Welters, Marij J P; Jordanova, Ekaterina S; Trimbos, J Baptist M Z; van der Burg, Sjoerd H; van Poelgeest, Mariëtte I E

2012-07-01

Failure of the immune system to launch a strong and effective immune response to high-risk HPV is related to viral persistence and the development of anogenital (pre)malignant lesions such as vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN). Different forms of immunotherapy, aimed at overcoming the inertia of the immune system, have been developed and met with clinical success. Unfortunately these, in principal successful, therapeutic approaches also fail to induce clinical responses in a substantial number of cases. In this review, the authors summarize the traits of the immune response to HPV in healthy individuals and in patients with HPV-induced neoplasia. The potential mechanisms involved in the escape of HPV-induced lesions from the immune system indicate gaps in our knowledge. Finally, the interaction between the immune system and VIN is discussed with a special focus on the different forms of immunotherapy applied to treat VIN and the potential causes of therapy failure. The authors conclude that there are a number of pre-existing conditions that determine the patients' responsiveness to immunotherapy. An immunotherapeutic strategy in which different aspects of immune failure are attacked by complementary approaches, will improve the clinical response rate.

Treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Denmark 1991 to 2007

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Barken, Sidsel Svennekjær

2010-01-01

Abstract: Objectives: The number of invasive cervical cancers peaked in Denmark in 1966 with 963 cases. Cervical cancer is prevented by treatment of screen-detected cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). We assessed the trend in CIN treatments in Denmark. Material and Methods: From highly...... the data using the unique Danish identification numbers, and excluded all duplicate registrations. We excluded all destructive therapies and hysterectomies for which no CIN or cervical cancer diagnosis was found in the period from 3 months before to 1 month after the treatment date. We age......-standardized the number of cervical treatments using Danish women in 2007 as standard population. Results: The preliminary analysis shows that the number of treatments increased from about 6,000 in 1991 to about 8,200 in 2007, most noticeably due to an increase of about 2,600 in the number of conisations (Figure 1...

Intracellular signaling entropy can be a biomarker for predicting the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Masakazu Sato

Full Text Available While the mortality rates for cervical cancer have been drastically reduced after the introduction of the Pap smear test, it still is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide. Additionally, studies that appropriately evaluate the risk of developing cervical lesions are needed. Therefore, we investigated whether intracellular signaling entropy, which is measured with microarray data, could be useful for predicting the risks of developing cervical lesions. We used three datasets, GSE63514 (histology, GSE27678 (cytology and GSE75132 (cytology, a prospective study. From the data in GSE63514, the entropy rate was significantly increased with disease progression (normal < cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, CIN < cancer (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.0001. From the data in GSE27678, similar results (normal < low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, LSILs < high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, HSILs ≤ cancer were obtained (Kruskal-Wallis test, p < 0.001. From the data in GSE75132, the entropy rate tended to be higher in the HPV-persistent groups than the HPV-negative group. The group that was destined to progress to CIN 3 or higher had a tendency to have a higher entropy rate than the HPV16-positive without progression group. In conclusion, signaling entropy was suggested to be different for different lesion statuses and could be a useful biomarker for predicting the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Nitrous oxide cryotherapy for treatment of esophageal squamous cell neoplasia: initial multicenter international experience with a novel portable cryoballoon ablation system

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Canto, Marcia Irene; Abrams, Julian A.; Kunzli, Hannah T.; Weusten, Bas; Komatsu, Yoshihiro; Jobe, Blair A.; Lightdale, Charles J.

2018-01-01

Background and Aims: Early esophageal squamous cell neoplasia (ESCN) can be successfully treated by EMR, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), or radiofrequency ablation. A new portable, battery-powered cryotherapy system using nitrous oxide (cryoballoon focal ablation system [CbFAS]) has been

Four year efficacy of prophylactic human papillomavirus quadrivalent vaccine against low grade cervical, vulvar, and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia and anogenital warts: randomised controlled trial

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dillner, Joakim; Kjaer, Susanne K; Wheeler, Cosette M

2010-01-01

To evaluate the prophylactic efficacy of the human papillomavirus (HPV) quadrivalent vaccine in preventing low grade cervical, vulvar, and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasias and anogenital warts (condyloma acuminata)....

A carga das neoplasias no Brasil: mortalidade e morbidade hospitalar entre 2002-2004 The burden of neoplasm in Brazil: mortality and hospital morbidity from 2002 to 2004

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antonio Fernando Boing

2007-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever a morbidade hospitalar e a mortalidade por neoplasias no Brasil e regiões segundo gênero. MÉTODOS: Os dados de óbitos foram obtidos junto ao Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade e os de morbidade hospitalar no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares. Os óbitos foram categorizados segundo as localizações primárias do tumor, selecionadas de acordo com a décima revisão da Classificação Internacional de Doenças. Os dados populacionais são oriundos das estimativas intercensitárias do IBGE. O período de análise foi o triênio 2002-2004, o mais recente com dados de mortalidade no Brasil. Optou-se por calcular a média desse período para conferir maior estabilidade às taxas. RESULTADOS: Entre 2002 e 2004 ocorreram 405.415 óbitos por neoplasias no Brasil. As maiores taxas de mortalidade foram identificadas nas regiões Sul e Sudeste. Entre os homens, o câncer de traquéia, brônquios e pulmões foi a neoplasia maligna que apresentou maior mortalidade e entre as mulher foi o câncer de mama. Este agravo e o câncer de colo uterino foram os que mais demandaram internações, e a leucemia apresentou o maior custo médio e custo total em internações. CONCLUSÕES: A carga das neoplasias é extremamente elevada no Brasil e medidas públicas de caráter populacional devem ser priorizadas para o efetivo controle da morbidade e da mortalidade por este agravo.OBJECTIVE: To describe mortality and the hospital morbidity by neoplasias in Brazil and regions according to gender. METHODS: Data of deaths were obtained from the Mortality Information System and of hospital morbidity from the Hospital Information System. Deaths were categorized according to primary tumor sites, selected in accordance with the tenth revision of the International Classification of Diseases. The population data were drawn from the inter census estimates of the IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The period of analysis was the

Yield of Cytology Surveillance After High-Grade Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia or Cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Kuroki, Lindsay M; Frolova, Antonina I; Wu, Ningying; Liu, Jingxia; Powell, Matthew; Thaker, Premal H; Massad, L Stewart

2017-07-01

The aim of the study was to estimate the risk of high-grade cervical and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN/VAIN 2+) and cancer among women treated surgically for high-grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (HGVIN) and vulvar cancer. We performed a retrospective cohort study of women who underwent surgery for HGVIN/vulvar cancer between 2006 and 2010. Univariate and multivariate analyses using stepwise selection were used to identify correlates of abnormal cytology after treatment for VIN and vulvar cancer. Among 191 women under surveillance for a median of 3.7 years who underwent treatment for HGVIN/vulvar cancer, primary vulvar lesions included VIN 2 (10, 5%), VIN 3 (102, 53%), and carcinoma (79, 41%). During follow-up, 71 (37%) had abnormal cytology, including 47 (25%) low grade, 23 (12%) high grade, and 1 (0.5%) carcinoma. Subsequent risk for VAIN 2+ was 11% (6/57) after previous hysterectomy and 8% for CIN 2+ (10/124) with intact cervix. Overall risk for CIN 3+ was 5%. Correlates of high-grade cytology after treatment for HGVIN/vulvar cancer included nonwhite race (odds ratio [OR] = 3.3, 95% CI = 1.50-7.36), immunodeficiency (OR = 4.2, 95% CI = 1.76-9.94), and previous abnormal cytology (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.29-5.78). Stepwise multivariate analysis revealed immunosuppression as the only significant correlate of high-grade cytology after vulvar treatment (adjusted OR = 3.7, 95% CI = 1.26-10.83). Women with HGVIN/cancer should have cervical/vaginal cytology before vulvar surgery. Those with a negative cervical or vaginal cytology result should undergo cytology testing at 1- to 3-year intervals, based on the threshold for CIN 3+ set forth by the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology.

Computed Tomographic Virtual Colonoscopy to Screen for Colorectal Neoplasia in asymptomatic adults

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pickhardt, Perry J.; Choi, J Richard; Hwang, Inku and others

2004-01-01

We evaluated the performance characteristics of computed tomographic (CT) virtual colonospy for the detection of colorectal neoplasia in an average-risk screening population. A total of 1233 symptomatic adults (mean age, 57.8 years) underwent same-day virtual and optical colonoscopy. Radiologists used the three-dimensional endoluminal display for the initial detection of polyps on CT virtual colonoscopy. For the initial examination of each colonic segment, the colonoscopists were unaware of the findings on virtual colonoscopy, which were revealed to them before any subsequent reexamination. The sensitivity and specificity of virtual colonoscopy and the sensitivity of optical colonoscopy were calculated with the use of the findings of the final, unblinded optical colonoscopy as the reference standard. The sensitivity of virtual colonoscopy for adenomatous polyps was 93.8 percent for polyps at least 10 mm in diameter, 93.9 percent for polyps at least 8 mm in diameter, and 88.7 percent for polyps at least 6 mm in diameter. The sensitivity of optical colonoscopy for adenomatous polyps was 87.5 percent, 91.5 percent, and 92.3 percent for the three sizes of polyps, respectively. The specificity of virtual colonoscopy for adenomatous polyps was 96.0 percent for polyps at least 10 mm in diameter, 92.2 percent for polyps at least 8 mm in diameter, and 79.6 percent for polyps at least 6 mm in diameter.Two polyps were malignant; both were detected on virtual colonoscopy, and one of them was missed on optical colonoscopy before the results on virtual colonoscopy were revealed. CT virtual colonoscopy with the use of a three-dimensional approach is an accurate screening method for the detection of colorectal neoplasia in symptomatic average-risk adults and compares favorably with optical colonoscopy in terms of the detection of clinically relevant lesions

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) and Pituitary Adenoma Predisposition (PAP) in Northern Finland

OpenAIRE

Vierimaa, O. (Outi)

2008-01-01

Abstract Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an inherited syndrome characterized by parathyroid, gastroenteropancreatic and pituitary neuroendocrine tumours. In Northern Finland, two founder mutations of the MEN1 gene (1466del12, 1657insC) accounting for the majority of the MEN1 cases, have common ancestors born in the 18th and 19th centuries, respectively. Three small clusters of familial pituitary adenoma have also been detected, two of which could be linked by genealogy to a ...

Las multitudes y las revoluciones de nuestro tiempo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

John Harold Biervliet

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Este artículo examina el motivo de las multitudes y las revoluciones de nuestro tiempo. Primeramente, se discuten las diferencias entre los conceptos de multitud y masa. Así, podemos considerar las revoluciones como acontecimientos de cambios sociales, económicos y políticos, provenientes de las clases baja y media de la sociedad. El meollo de este artículo refiere a la dignidad humana articulada a la contracción de los Estados de bienestar. Los ciudadanos están reflejando un desencanto hacia la clase política y una frustración con respecto al empeoramiento de las condiciones económicas y sociales. Podemos observar los casos de indignados en Grecia, España y Portugal pero también en los países árabes. De esta misma manera, las revoluciones de las multitudes siguen avanzando por medio de las demostraciones públicas y protestas sobre los espacios geográficos. Finalmente, las dinámicas de cambio a través de las revoluciones árabes son una cuestión compleja debido al círculo vicioso entre la tendencia autoritaria y la islámica. This article examines the reason of multitudes and revolutions in our time. First of all, it discusses the difference between the concept of multitude and mass. Consequently, revolutions can be considered as social, economic, and political events of changes, which come from the low and middle classes of the society. This article refers to the human dignity articulated with the contraction of Welfare states. Citizens are reflecting disenchantment towards the political class and frustration regarding the deterioration of social and economic conditions. We can observe angry people in Greece, Spain, and Portugal but also in Arabian countries. In this same way, revolutions of multitudes continue by means of public demonstrations and protests on geographical spaces. Finally, the dynamics of change through Arabian Revolutions are a complex matter due to the vicious circle between the authoritarian or Islamic

Epidemiologic and mucosal immunologic aspects of HPV infection and HPV-related cervical neoplasia in the lower female genital tract: a review

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Tjiong, M. Y.; Out, T. A.; ter Schegget, J.; Burger, M. P.; van der Vange, N.

2001-01-01

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of cervical neoplasia. Considering the morbidity and mortality of cervical cancer, infection with HPV can be regarded as a worldwide problem, especially in developing countries. Currently, many studies

Importance of ultrasonographic study in the diagnosis of the neoplasia of pancreas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Salomon, M.; Rodriguez, Z.; Diaz, J.A.; Fong, A.

1988-01-01

Thirty clinical histories of patients discharged from hospital, with diagnosis of neoplasia of the pancreas, were reviewed. The patients were assisted at the ''saturnino Lora'' Teaching Provincial Hospital, Santiago de Cuba, from January 1983 to June 1985. Remarkable effectiveness of abdominal ultrasonographic study for the diagnosis of this affection was demonstrated at its correlation with other complementary examinations, such as radiographic and laparoscopic examinations, besides surgical findings and verification with histopathologic diagnosis. The tumor was more frequently located in the head of the pancreas and echogenicity and dilation of biliary and choledocus ducts were its main ultrasonographic characteristics. Adenocarcinoma was the prevailing histologic type. These findings agree with those related in the reviewed literature

Differentiated Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia-like and Lichen Sclerosus-like Lesions in HPV-associated Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Vulva.

Science.gov (United States)

Rakislova, Natalia; Alemany, Laia; Clavero, Omar; Del Pino, Marta; Saco, Adela; Quirós, Beatriz; Lloveras, Belen; Alejo, Maria; Halec, Gordana; Quint, Wim; de Sanjosé, Silvia; Ordi, Jaume

2018-06-01

Most human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated vulvar squamous cell carcinomas (VSCCs) originate from high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, also named usual type vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. However, growing evidence suggests that morphologic studies have limitations in predicting HPV status in vulvar lesions. We aimed to evaluate adjacent intraepithelial lesions in a series of DNA HPV-positive VSCCs, focusing on unusual histologic patterns mimicking differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (dVIN) or lichen sclerosus (LS). We identified 326 DNA HPV-positive VSCC with at least 1 cm of skin adjacent to the invasive tumor and analyzed HPV typing, HPV E6*I mRNA, and p16 immunohistochemistry in all cases. A careful histologic evaluation was conducted. A conclusive association with HPV was based on a positive p16 or HPV E6*I mRNA result or both in addition to the HPV DNA, whereas cases negative for both markers were classified as nonconclusively associated with HPV. One hundred twenty-one tumors (37.1%) had normal adjacent skin, 191 (58.6%) had only high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, also named usual type vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, and unusual intraepithelial lesions were identified in 14 (4.3%) tumors. Seven cases showed dVIN-like features, 5 showed adjacent LS-like lesion, and in 2 cases dVIN-like and LS-like lesions were identified simultaneously. Six of them were conclusively associated with HPV (3 dVIN-like, 2 LS-like, 1 with combined dVIN/LS-like features). All 6 tumors were associated with HPV16 and were positive for both p16 and HPV mRNA, and p16 was also positive in the dVIN-like and LS-like lesions. In summary, a small subset of VSCCs conclusively associated with HPV may arise on intraepithelial lesions, mimicking precursors of HPV-independent VSCC.

Skin reactions to human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 specific antigens intradermally injected in healthy subjects and patients with cervical neoplasia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van den Hende, Muriel; van Poelgeest, Mariëtte I. E.; van der Hulst, Jeanette M.; de Jong, Joan; Drijfhout, Jan W.; Fleuren, Gert Jan; Valentijn, A. Rob P. M.; Wafelman, Amon R.; Slappendel, Gijs M.; Melief, Cornelis J. M.; Offringa, Rienk; van der Burg, Sjoerd H.; Kenter, Gemma G.

2008-01-01

We have tested the safety and feasibility of a synthetic long peptide-based HPV16-specific skin test to detect cellular immune responses to HPV16 E2, E6 and E7 in vivo. Women with cervical neoplasia (n = 11) and healthy individuals (n = 19) were intradermally challenged with 8 different pools of

Las versiones homericas Las versiones homericas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Luis Borges

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Ningún problema tan consustancial con las letras con su modesto misterio como el que propone una traducción. Un olvido animal por la vanidad, el tenor de confesar procesos mentales que adivinamos peligrosamente comunes, el conato de mantener intacta y central una reserve incalculable de sombre, velan las tales escrituras directas. La traducciOn, en cambio, parece destinada a ilustrar la discusión estitica. El modelo propuesto a su imitaciOn es un texto visible, no un labirint° inestimable de proyectos preteritos o la acatada tentaciOn momentanea de una facilidad. Bertrand Russell define un objeto extern( como un sistema circular, irradiante, de impresiones posibles; lo mismo puede aseverarse de un texto, dadas las repercusiones incalculables de lo verbal. Un parcial y precioso documento de las vicisitudes que sufre queda en sus traducciones.

Cadherin-Catenin Complex Dissociation in Lobular Neoplasia of the Breast

Science.gov (United States)

Morrogh, Mary; Andrade, Victor P.; Giri, Dilip; Sakr, Rita A.; Paik, Wooyul; Qin, Li-Xuan; Arroyo, Crispinita D.; Brogi, Edi; Morrow, Monica; King, Tari A.

2015-01-01

Background E-cadherin (E-CD) inactivation with loss of E-CD-mediated cell adhesion is the hallmark of lesions of the lobular phenotype. E-CD is typically absent by immunohistochemistry in both lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) and invasive lobular lesions, suggesting it occurs early in the neoplastic process. In laboratory models, downstream post-transcriptional modifiers such as TWIST and SNAIL contribute to the dissociation of the intracellular component of the cadherin-catenin complex (CCC), resulting in tumor progression and invasion. We hypothesized that complete CCC dissociation may play a role in lobular neoplasia progression. Here we explore the relationship between loss of E-CD and dissociation of the CCC in pure LCIS and LCIS associated with invasive cancer. Methods Fresh-frozen tissues were obtained from 36 patients undergoing mastectomy for pure LCIS (n=11), LCIS with ILC (n=18) or LCIS with IDC (n=7). Individual lesions were subject to laser-capture microdissection and gene-expression analysis (Affymetrix HG-U133A 2.0). Immunohistochemistry for ER,PR,HER2, E-CD,N-CD,α-,β-, and phosphoβ-catenin, TWIST, and SNAIL were evaluated in normal, in situ, and invasive components from matched formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples(n=36). CCC-dissociation was defined as negative membranous E-CD, α- and β-catenin expression. Results E-CD was negative in all LCIS and ILC lesions, and positive in all normal and IDC lesions. Membranous α and β-catenin expression decreased with the transition from LCIS to ILC (pure LCIS 82%;LCIS w/ILC 28%;ILC 0%), while TWIST expression increased (pure LCIS low;LCIS w/ILC moderate;ILC high). Gene expression paralleled IHC staining patterns with a stepwise downregulation of E-CD, α and β-catenin from normal to LCIS to invasive lesions, and increasing expression of TWIST from normal to LCIS to ILC. Conclusions Loss of E-CD expression is an early event in lobular neoplasia. Decreasing membranous catenin expression in tandem with

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia in HIV-infected patients: current perspectives

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rathi SG

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Shweta Gupta Rathi, Anasua Ganguly Kapoor, Swathi Kaliki Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India Abstract: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN refers to a spectrum of conjunctival and corneal epithelial tumors including dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma. In this article, we discuss the current perspectives of OSSN associated with HIV infection, focusing mainly on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of these tumors in patients with HIV. Upsurge in the incidence of OSSN with the HIV pandemic most severely affected sub-Saharan Africa, due to associated risk factors, such as human papilloma virus and solar ultraviolet exposure. OSSN has been reported as the first presenting sign of HIV/AIDS in 26%–86% cases, and seropositivity is noted in 38%–92% OSSN patients. Mean age at presentation of OSSN has dropped to the third to fourth decade in HIV-positive patients in developing countries. HIV-infected patients reveal large aggressive tumors, higher-grade malignancy, higher incidence of corneal, scleral, and orbital invasion, advanced-stage T4 tumors, higher need for extended enucleation/exenteration, and increased risk of tumor recurrence. Current management of OSSN in HIV-positive individuals is based on standard treatment guidelines described for OSSN in the general population, as there is little information available about various treatment modalities or their outcomes in patients with HIV. OSSN can occur at any time in the disease course of HIV/AIDS, and no significant trend has been discovered between CD4 count and grade of OSSN. Furthermore, the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on OSSN is controversial. The current recommendation is to conduct HIV screening in all cases presenting with OSSN to rule out undiagnosed HIV infection. Patient counseling is crucial, with emphasis on regular follow-up to address

Human papillomavirus infection among Bangladeshi women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and chronic cervicitis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elisha Khandker

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Background and objectives: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Human papillomavirus (HPV is known to be associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN and cancer. The objective of the present study was to determine the rate of HPV infection among the Bangladeshi women with different grades of CIN and cancer. Methods: Women aged 20 to 55 years, diagnosed as a case of chronic cervicits, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN or invasive cancer by Papanicolaou (Pap smear and colposcopy directed biopsy were enrolled in the study. High and intermediate risk oncogenic HPV were detected in cervical samples by real time PCR (rt-PCR. Results: Seventy two women with chronic cervicitis and different grades of CIN were included in the study. Out of 72 cases, 28 (38.9% and 44 (61.1% had chronic cervicitis and CIN respectively. Overall, the HPV infection rate was 43.1% (95% CI= 32%-54% among the study population. CIN cases had significantly high (p<0.01 HPV infection (78.6%; 95% CI=60%-89% compared to cases with chronic cervicitis (18.2%; 95% CI=11.1%-34.5%. Women between the age of 20-30 years had the highest positive rate (50.0% followed by 31-40 years age group (43.6%. All CIN grade 2 and 3 had HPV infection. Conclusion: The study showed that HPV was strongly associated with different grades of CIN. Specific HPV types should be determined to find out the most prevalent HPV types among the Bangladeshi women with CIN and cervical cancers. IMC J Med Sci 2016; 10(1: 29-32

CpG Island Methylator Phenotype-High Colorectal Cancers and Their Prognostic Implications and Relationships with the Serrated Neoplasia Pathway.

Science.gov (United States)

Rhee, Ye-Young; Kim, Kyung-Ju; Kang, Gyeong Hoon

2017-01-15

The concept of a CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) was first introduced by Toyota and Issa to describe a subset of colorectal cancers (CRCs) with concurrent hypermethylation of multiple CpG island loci. The concept of CIMP as a molecular carcinogenesis mechanism was consolidated by the identification of the serrated neoplasia pathway, in which CIMP participates in the initiation and progression of serrated adenomas. Distinct clinicopathological and molecular features of CIMP-high (CIMP-H) CRCs have been characterized, including proximal colon location, older age of onset, female preponderance, and frequent associations of high-level microsatellite instability and BRAF mutations. CIMP-H CRCs arise in sessile or traditional serrated adenomas and thus tend to display the morphological characteristics of serrated adenomas, including epithelial serration, vesicular nuclei, and abundant cytoplasm. Both the frequent association of CIMP and poor prognosis and different responses of CRCs to adjuvant therapy depending on CIMP status indicate clinical implications. In this review, we present an overview of the literature documenting the relevant findings of CIMP-H CRCs and their relationships with the serrated neoplasia pathway.

Scintigraphic Evaluation of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 ( MEN Type 2 )

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Jae Tae; Lee, Kyu Bo; Whang, Kee Suk; Kim, Bo Wan; Lee, In Kyu

1991-01-01

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN type 2, Sipple's syndrome) is a rare disorder characterized by the association of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, parathyroid hyperplasia and can be diagnosed in early stage of the disease by meticulous screening tests of the family. This case report describes the location and categorization of tumors using 99m Tc-pertechnetate, I -NaI, 99m Tc-pentavalent(V) DMSA, 131 I -MIBG scans in two cases of MEN type 2 occurred in a 32 year old women and her 29-year old brother. In MEN type 2, we think, combined use of 99m Tc-(V)-DMSA, 99m Tc-pertechnetate and 1 '3 1 I -MIBG may be useful for the categorization of tumor mass lesions and planning appropriate therapy.

Both SEPT2 and MLL are down-regulated in MLL-SEPT2 therapy-related myeloid neoplasia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cerveira, Nuno; Snijder, Simone; Mariz, José M; Norton, Lucília; Mellink, Clemens H; Buijs, Arjan; Teixeira, Manuel R; Santos, Joana; Bizarro, Susana; Costa, Vera; Ribeiro, Franclim R; Lisboa, Susana; Correia, Cecília; Torres, Lurdes; Vieira, Joana

2009-01-01

A relevant role of septins in leukemogenesis has been uncovered by their involvement as fusion partners in MLL-related leukemia. Recently, we have established the MLL-SEPT2 gene fusion as the molecular abnormality subjacent to the translocation t(2;11)(q37;q23) in therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia. In this work we quantified MLL and SEPT2 gene expression in 58 acute myeloid leukemia patients selected to represent the major AML genetic subgroups, as well as in all three cases of MLL-SEPT2-associated myeloid neoplasms so far described in the literature. Cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and molecular studies (RT-PCR, qRT-PCR and qMSP) were used to characterize 58 acute myeloid leukemia patients (AML) at diagnosis selected to represent the major AML genetic subgroups: CBFB-MYH11 (n = 13), PML-RARA (n = 12); RUNX1-RUNX1T1 (n = 12), normal karyotype (n = 11), and MLL gene fusions other than MLL-SEPT2 (n = 10). We also studied all three MLL-SEPT2 myeloid neoplasia cases reported in the literature, namely two AML patients and a t-MDS patient. When compared with normal controls, we found a 12.8-fold reduction of wild-type SEPT2 and MLL-SEPT2 combined expression in cases with the MLL-SEPT2 gene fusion (p = 0.007), which is accompanied by a 12.4-fold down-regulation of wild-type MLL and MLL-SEPT2 combined expression (p = 0.028). The down-regulation of SEPT2 in MLL-SEPT2 myeloid neoplasias was statistically significant when compared with all other leukemia genetic subgroups (including those with other MLL gene fusions). In addition, MLL expression was also down-regulated in the group of MLL fusions other than MLL-SEPT2, when compared with the normal control group (p = 0.023) We found a significant down-regulation of both SEPT2 and MLL in MLL-SEPT2 myeloid neoplasias. In addition, we also found that MLL is under-expressed in AML patients with MLL fusions other than MLL-SEPT2

One lesion, one virus: individual components of high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV-positive men contain a single HPV type

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Richel, Olivier; Quint, Koen D.; Lindeman, Jan; van Noesel, Carel J. M.; de Koning, Maurits N. C.; van den Munckhof, Henk A. M.; de Vries, Henry J. C.; Prins, Jan M.; Quint, Wim G. V.

2014-01-01

High-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) is present in many human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men who have sex with men. The major etiologic factor is infection with an oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype. We investigated whether individual components of high-grade AIN are

Dissecting Molecular Events in Thyroid Neoplasia Provides Evidence for Distinct Evolution of Follicular Thyroid Adenoma and Carcinoma

OpenAIRE

Krause, Kerstin; Prawitt, Susanne; Eszlinger, Markus; Ihling, Christian; Sinz, Andrea; Schierle, Katrin; Gimm, Oliver; Dralle, Henning; Steinert, Frank; Sheu, Sien-Yi; Schmid, Kurt W.; Fuhrer, Dagmar

2011-01-01

Benign hypofunctional cold thyroid nodules (CTNs) are a frequent scintiscan finding and need to be distinguished from thyroid carcinomas. The origin of CTNs with follicular morphologic features is unresolved. The DNA damage response might act as a physiologic barrier, inhibiting the progression of preneoplastic lesions to neoplasia. We investigated the following in hypofunctional follicular adenoma (FA) and follicular thyroid cancer (FTC): i) the mutation rate of frequently activated oncogene...

Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Grzegorz Piecha

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Primary hyperparathyroidism may occur as a part of an inherited syndrome in a combination with pancreatic endocrine tumours and/or pituitary adenoma, which is classified as Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1. This syndrome is caused by a germline mutation in MEN-1 gene encoding a tumour-suppressor protein, menin. Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most frequent clinical presentation of MEN-1, which usually appears in the second decade of life as an asymptomatic hypercalcemia and progresses through the next decades. The most frequent clinical presentation of MEN-1-associated primary hyperparathyroidism is bone demineralisation and recurrent kidney stones rarely followed by chronic kidney disease. The aim of this paper is to present the pathomechanism, screening procedures, diagnosis, and management of primary hyperparathyroidism in the MEN-1 syndrome. It also summarises the recent advances in the pharmacological therapy with a new group of drugs—calcimimetics.

Lectin histochemistry of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Freeman, H J

1983-10-01

Lectins linked to fluorescein were used as carbohydrate probes to examine the goblet cell mucin and epithelial cell surface glycoconjugate alterations in an experimental rodent model of colonic neoplasia induced with parenteral 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride. Lectins derived from Triticum vulgare (WGA), Ricinus communis (RCA1), and Limulus polyphemus (LPA) showed reduced labeling of goblet cell mucin in these tumors, while binding with peanut lectin from Arachis hypogaea (PNA), a lectin ordinarily failing to bind to mucin in normal colon, was positive. In addition, RCA1 and LPA showed increased cell surface labeling of neoplastic epithelial cells. Finally, alterations were observed in lectin binding to "transitional" colonic mucosa adjacent to colonic tumors from carcinogen-treated rats. These findings indicate that significant alterations in both membrane and mucin glycoconjugates occur in colonic tumors and mucosa adjacent to tumors in a chemically induced experimental animal model of human colon cancer.

Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia of the Testis, Bilateral Testicular Cancer, and Aberrant Histologies.

Science.gov (United States)

Sharma, Pranav; Dhillon, Jasreman; Sexton, Wade J

2015-08-01

Intratubular germ cell neoplasia (ITGCN) is a precursor lesion for testicular germ cell tumors, most of which are early stage. ITGCN is also associated with testicular cancer or ITGCN in the contralateral testis, leading to a risk of bilateral testicular malignancy. Testicular biopsy detects most cases, and orchiectomy is the treatment of choice in patients with unilateral ITGCN. Low-dose radiation therapy is recommended in patients with bilateral ITGCN or ITGCN in the solitary testis, but the long-term risks of infertility and hypogonadism need to be discussed with the patient. Rare histologies of primary testicular cancer are also discussed. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Thymoma (World Health Organization type B3) with neuroendocrine differentiation in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1

OpenAIRE

Tomita, Masaki; Ichiki, Nobuhiko; Ayabe, Takanori; Tanaka, Hiroyuki; Kataoka, Hiroaki; Nakamura, Kunihide

2017-01-01

Abstract Thymic epithelial tumors occur in 1?5% of patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). Majority of these thymic epithelial tumors are thymic carcinoids and patients with thymoma in MEN 1 is rare. Furthermore, thymoma with neuroendocrine differentiation was also rarely reported. Herein, we report a 68-year-old man having type B3 thymoma with neuroendocrine differentiation in MEN 1 and to the best of our knowledge this is the first such case ever reported.

LOCALIZATION OF HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE-16 DNA USING THE POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION IN THE CERVIX UTERI OF WOMEN WITH CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cornelissen, M. T.; van den Tweel, J. G.; Struyk, A. P.; Jebbink, M. F.; Briët, M.; van der Noordaa, J.; ter Schegget, J. T.

1989-01-01

The localization of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) DNA throughout the cervix uteri of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) was studied by utilizing the polymerase chain reaction technique directly on histologically defined sections of paraffin-embedded cervical tissue obtained

INFECTION WITH HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS IN CERVICAL NEOPLASIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduard Crauciuc

2010-09-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this study was to establish if the infection with human papilloma virus (HPV presents a potential irreversible evolution towards malignancy. Materials and methods. The study was made on a number of 1885 patients that were suspected to have cervical neoplasia, which were monitored between 2001-2010 in „Elena-Doamna” Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Ia�i, the Military Hospital Gala�i, the County Hospital Gala�i and the Emergency Hospital Buzau. Results and discussions. The study proved that the risk of contacting a genital infection with HPV and cervical cancer is influenced by the sexual activity, the risk of getting infected with HPV during a person’ s lifetime is at least 50% for those sexually active. Conclusions. The patients benefited from colposcopy and biopsy only if the repeated cytology suggested more severe changes. The conservative conduct is represented by a repeated cytology when the patients are admitted into the lot (the initial cytology is performed before this moment

Síndrome de Sweet asociado a neoplasias Sweet's syndrome associated with neoplasms

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mariana Franco

2006-10-01

Full Text Available El síndrome de Sweet fue descrito en el año 1964 por Robert Douglas Sweet, como una entidad a la cual denominó dermatosis neutrofílica febril y aguda. Se caracteriza por cinco rasgos principales: 1 aparición brusca de placas eritemato-dolorosas en cara, cuello y extremidades; 2 fiebre; 3 leucocitosis polimorfonuclear; 4 denso infiltrado dérmico a predominio neutrofilico; 5 rápida respuesta al tratamiento esteroideo. Se puede clasificar en cinco grupos: idiopático, parainflamatorio, paraneoplásico, secundario a drogas y asociado a embarazo. En el 20% de los casos se asocia a enfermedades malignas, representando las hematológicas el 85% y los tumores sólidos el 15% restante. Se presenta una serie de siete casos de síndrome de Sweet asociado a neoplasias, diagnosticados durante el período 2002-2006, de los cuales seis correspondieron a enfermedades oncohematológicas y el restante a tumores sólidos. Como comentario de dicha casuística, se hace hincapié en la importancia del diagnóstico de este síndrome, debido a que puede anunciar la recaída del tumor o la progresión de la enfermedad de base. De esta manera, mediante el uso de métodos de diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos, se lograría mejorar la calida de vida de estos pacientes. También debe tenerse en cuenta, que los pacientes oncológicos reciben múltiples medicaciones (factor estimulante de colonias, que pueden estar implicadas en la aparición de esta entidad, debiendo ser las mismas descartadas como posibles causas.Sweet's syndrome was described in 1964 by Robert Douglas Sweet, as an entity he named acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis. It is characterized by five main features: 1 sudden appearance of erythematous and tender plaques on the face, neck and extremities; 2 fever; 3 polymorphonuclear leukocytes; 4 predominantly neutrophilic dense infiltrate in the dermis, and 5 rapid response to steroid therapy. Sweet's syndrome can be classified into five groups

Long-term follow-up of the risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse in HPV-negative women after conization

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gosvig, Camilla F; Huusom, Lene D; Andersen, Klaus K

2015-01-01

Little research has been conducted on the long-term value of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing after conization. We investigated whether cytology adds to the value of a negative HPV test for long-term prediction of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+). In addition, we...

THE FAILURE OF CHLOROFORM ADMINISTERED IN THE DRINKING WATER TO INDUCE RENAL TUBULAR CELL NEOPLASIA IN MALE F344/N RATS

Science.gov (United States)

The failure of chloroform administered in drinking water to induce renal tubular cell neoplasia in male F344/N rats Chloroform (TCM) has been demonstrated to be a renal carcinogen in the male Osborne-Mendel rat when administered either by corn oil gavage or in drin...

The Natural History of Neoplasia

Science.gov (United States)

Pitot, Henry C.

1977-01-01

The stages of initiation and promotion in the natural history of epidermal carcinogenesis have been known for many years. Recently, experimental systems other than skin have been shown to exhibit similar, if not completely analogous, stages in the natural history of neoplasia. In particular, the demonstration by Peraino and his associates that phenobarbital may enhance the production of hepatomas by a relatively subcarcinogenic dose of acetylaminofluorene was one of the first demonstrations of stages occurring in an extraepidermal neoplasm. Studies reported in this paper have demonstrated that administration of phenobarbital (0.05% in the diet) for 6 months following a single dose of diethylnitrosamine (5 to 10 mg/kg) given within 24 hours after partial hepatectomy resulted in a marked increase in the number of enzyme-altered foci in the liver as well as in the production of hepatocellular carcinomas. This was compared to animals receiving only a single dose of diethylnitrosamine following partial hepatectomy with no further treatment, in which only a relatively small number of foci were evident in the absence of phenobarbital feeding. Using three different enzyme markers, a distinct degree of phenotypic heterogeneity of the enzyme-altered foci in liver was demonstrated. These studies have shown that liver carcinogensis can be readily divided into two stages: a) initiation by a single dose of diethylnitrosamine following partial hepatectomy and b) promotion by the continuous feeding of phenobarbital. Furthermore, the immediate progeny of the initiated cells, the enzyme-altered focus, may be recognized by suitable microscopic means prior to the formation of gross lesions as required in the skin system. These initiated cell populations exhibit a degree of biochemical heterogeneity which reflects that seen in fully developed hepatic neoplasms, suggesting that promotion and progression in this system does not significantly alter the basic biochemical characteristics of

Barium enema and endoscopy for the detection of colorectal neoplasia: Sensitivity, specificity, complications and its determinants

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zwart, Ingrid M. de; Griffioen, Gerrit; Shaw, M. Pertaap Chandie; Lamers, Cornelis B.H.W.; Roos, Albert de

2001-01-01

AIM: To analyse sensitivity, specificity and complication rate of endoscopy, and barium enema for the detection of colorectal neoplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A MEDLINE search was performed (1980-2000) directed at the endoscopic and radiologic literature on barium enema. Articles were selected based on the type of study, availability of sensitivity and specificity values in sizeable patient groups, and reports on complications. Sixty articles were included in the analysis. RESULTS: Endoscopy proved to have superior sensitivity for polyps in patients at high-risk for colorectal neoplasia. The role of endoscopy and radiology in average-risk screening populations is not known. Sensitivity and specificity rates ranged widely, probably due to bias. For the detection of small polyps endoscopy has superior performance, whereas sensitivity is similar for endoscopy and barium enema for the detection of larger (>1 cm) polyps and tumours. Overall, endoscopy is associated with a higher complication rate. CONCLUSION: Endoscopy is the preferred detection method in high-risk patients. The role of endoscopy and radiology in a screening setting requires evaluation. This review provides the test characteristics of endoscopy and radiology which are relevant for a cost-effectiveness analysis. Double-contrast barium enema may play an important role for screening purposes, owing to its good sensitivity for detecting larger (>1 cm) polyps and its lack of major complications. Zwart, I.M. de et al. (2001)

Las lenguas en las sociedades del conocimiento

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Álvarez, J. Francisco

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Languages become a strategic resource for information and knowledge societies. By expressing and sharing knowledge by means of languages, every culture generates deposits of knowledge, which can be transferred and exchanged among different epistemic communities. The contemporary technologies of information and communication have changed the structure of knowledge flows. Globalization of knowledge poses a great challenge to every language, including the Spanish one. In order to survive in the digital world, they should develop technolanguages. The lemma “Thinking in Spanish” implies a new model of governance for the Ibero-American knowledge communities.En las sociedades de la información y el conocimiento las lenguas se convierten en un recurso estratégico. Al expresar y compartir conocimiento por medio de los idiomas, las culturas generan yacimientos de conocimiento, que pueden ser transferidos e intercambiados entre comunidades epistémicas diferentes. Las actuales tecnologías de la información y la comunicación han cambiado la estructura de los flujos de conocimiento. La globalización del conocimiento plantea un gran desafío a todas las lenguas, incluyendo la española. Para sobrevivir en el mundo digital, los lenguajes han de convertirse en tecnolenguajes. El lema “Pensar en español” aporta un nuevo modelo de gobernanza para las comunidades iberoamericanas del conocimiento.

A survey on the prevalence of high-risk subtypes of human papilloma virus among women with cervical neoplasia in Isfahan University of Medical Science.

Science.gov (United States)

Allameh, Tajossadat; Moghim, Sharareh; Asadi-Zeidabadi, Maryam

2011-12-01

Given the importance of epidemiological studies on the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) and its subtypes to plan more effective strategies for cervical cancer prevention, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer in Isfahan. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, women referred to oncology clinic of Shahid Beheshti Hospital because of abnormal cytology of their cervices within the last year were studied. The 2001 Bethesda system was used for histologic classification. The distribution of different pathologies was as follows: squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) 34.7%, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) 30.5%, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) 22.8%, atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS) 8.4%, and adenocarcinoma (AC) 3.3%. There was no case of atypical glandular of undetermined significance or cases of adenocarcinoma associated with an early lesion. The presence of HPV infection and its subtypes including HPV 16, 18, 6 and 11 was assessed in different cytological categories of cervical neoplasia, by using polymerase chain reaction method. During this study, 130 patients were studied. Their median age was 52 years (range 29-73 years). HPV was detected in 118/130 patients (90.8%) with abnormal cervical cytology. The prevalence of positive HPV samples was 97.6, 80, 93.1, 92.3, and 66.6% in cases with SCC, AC, HSIL, LSIL, and ASCUS, respectively (P prevalence of HPV type 16 was not significantly different in various cytological categories of cervical neoplasia (P > 0.05). The prevalence of HPV type 16 and 18 was significantly higher than the HPV type 11 or 6 in cervical neoplastic lesions (P prevalence of HPV infection in all categories of cervical neoplasia. This emphasizes the importance of HPV screening and vaccination programs. In order to assess more effective screening programs in Isfahan and evaluate the cost-effectiveness of

Prolactin-secreting adenoma as part of the multiple endocrine neoplasia--type I (MEN-I) syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Levine, J H; Sagel, J; Rosebrock, G; Gonzalez, J J; Nair, R; Rawe, S; Powers, J M

1979-06-01

Two patients presented with the galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome. One patient had previously had parathyroid hyperplasia and the other an insulinoma. Preoperative evaluation of each patient revealed hyperprolactinemia and radiological evidence of an abnormal sella turcica. Pituitary adenomas were identified and removed at surgery. Immunostaining techniques confirmed the presence of prolactin-containing cells in both tumors. We propose that prolactin-secreting tumors be considered as part of the MEN-I syndrome, and that patients presenting with the galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome be screened and followed sequentially for evidence of other endocrine neoplasia.

Multicolor immunofluorescence reveals that p63- and/or K5-positive progenitor cells contribute to normal breast epithelium and usual ductal hyperplasia but not to low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of the breast.

Science.gov (United States)

Boecker, Werner; Stenman, Göran; Schroeder, Tina; Schumacher, Udo; Loening, Thomas; Stahnke, Lisa; Löhnert, Catharina; Siering, Robert Michael; Kuper, Arthur; Samoilova, Vera; Tiemann, Markus; Korsching, Eberhard; Buchwalow, Igor

2017-05-01

We contend that knowledge about the cellular composition of normal breast epithelium is a prerequisite for understanding proliferative breast disease. Against this background, we used multicolor immunofluorescence to study normal breast epithelium and two types of intraepithelial proliferative breast lesion for expression of the p63, basal keratin K5, glandular keratin K8/18, SMA, ER-alpha, and Ki67. We studied eight normal breast epithelium samples, 12 cases of usual ductal hyperplasia, and 33 cases of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (9 flat epithelial atypia, 14 low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ and 10 cases of lobular neoplasia). Usual ductal hyperplasia showed striking similarity to normal luminal breast epithelium including p63+ and/or K5+ luminal progenitor cells and the full spectrum of luminal progeny cells. In normal breast epithelium and usual ductal hyperplasia, expression of ER-alpha was associated with lack of expression of the proliferation antigen Ki67. In contrast, we found in both types of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia robust expression of keratin K8/18 and a positive association between ER-alpha and Ki67 expression. However, these lesions were consistently negative for p63 and/or K5. Our observational study supports the view that usual ductal hyperplasia and low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia are different entities rather than part of a spectrum of the same disease. We propose a new operational model of cell differentiation that may serve to better understand correlations between normal breast epithelium and proliferative breast diseases. From our data we conclude that p63+ and/or K5+ progenitor cells contribute to maintenance of normal epithelium and usual ductal hyperplasia, but not to low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of the breast.

The serrated neoplasia pathway of colorectal tumors: Identification of MUC5AC hypomethylation as an early marker of polyps with malignant potential.

Science.gov (United States)

Renaud, Florence; Mariette, Christophe; Vincent, Audrey; Wacrenier, Agnès; Maunoury, Vincent; Leclerc, Julie; Coppin, Lucie; Crépin, Michel; Van Seuningen, Isabelle; Leteurtre, Emmanuelle; Buisine, Marie-Pierre

2016-03-15

The serrated neoplasia pathway accounts for 20-30% of colorectal cancers (CRC), which are characterized by extensive methylation (CpG island methylation phenotype, CIMP), frequent BRAF mutation and high microsatellite instability (MSI). We recently identified MUC5AC mucin gene hypomethylation as a specific marker of MSI CRC. The early identification of preneoplastic lesions among serrated polyps is currently challenging. Here, we performed a detailed pathological and molecular analysis of a large series of colorectal serrated polyps and evaluated the usefulness of mucin genes MUC2 and MUC5AC to differentiate serrated polyps and to identify lesions with malignant potential. A series of 330 colorectal polyps including 218 serrated polyps [42 goblet cell-rich hyperplastic polyps (GCHP), 68 microvesicular hyperplastic polyps (MVHP), 100 sessile serrated adenoma (SSA) and eight traditional serrated adenoma (TSA)] and 112 conventional adenomas was analyzed for BRAF/KRAS mutations, MSI, CIMP, MLH1 and MGMT methylation, and MUC2 and MUC5AC expression and methylation. We show that MUC5AC hypomethylation is an early event in the serrated neoplasia pathway, and specifically detects MVHP and SSA, arguing for a filiation between MVHP, SSA and CIMP-H/MSI CRC, whereas GCHP and TSA arise from a distinct pathway. Moreover, MUC5AC hypomethylation specifically identified serrated lesions with BRAF mutation, CIMP-H or MSI, suggesting that it may be useful to identify serrated neoplasia pathway-related precursor lesions. Our data suggest that MVHP should be recognized among HP and require particular attention. © 2015 UICC.

Las TIC como fuente de ventaja competitiva en las PYMES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Álvaro Fernando Moncada Niño

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Desde su aparición, las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (TIC se han convertido en un recurso fundamental de las empresas para competir en la mayoría de las industrias, generalizando el planteamiento de que son fuente de ventaja competitiva. Pero realmente, ¿cuándo las TIC son fuente potencial de ventaja competitiva para las pymes? ¿Bajo qué condiciones se logra que contribuyan a generar valor y mejorar su posición competitiva? ¿Qué características deben cumplir para alcanzar y sustentar la Ventaja Competitiva? Este documento basado en la Teoría de los Recursos y Capacidades (TRC responde estas preguntas y presenta al análisis de recurso Valioso, Raro, Inimitable y Organización (VRIO como herramienta para la determinación del potencial y valor que las TIC pueden alcanzar en las pymes y cómo pueden contribuir a que la empresa alcance ventajas competitivas sostenibles, en complemento de sus recursos y capacidades organizacionales.

Las TIC como fuente de ventaja competitiva en las PYMES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Álvaro Fernando Moncada Niño

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Desde su aparición, las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (TIC se han convertido en un recurso fundamental de las empresas para competir en la mayoría de las industrias, generalizando el planteamiento de que son fuente de ventaja competitiva. Pero realmente, ¿cuándo las TIC son fuente potencial de ventaja competitiva para las pymes? ¿Bajo qué condiciones se logra que contribuyan a generar valor y mejorar su posición competitiva? ¿Qué características deben cumplir para alcanzar y sustentar la Ventaja Competitiva? Este documento basado en la Teoría de los Recursos y Capacidades (TRC responde estas preguntas y presenta al análisis de recurso Valioso, Raro, Inimitable y Organización (VRIO como herramienta para la determinación del potencial y valor que las TIC pueden alcanzar en las pymes y cómo pueden contribuir a que la empresa alcance ventajas competitivas sostenibles, en complemento de sus recursos y capacidades organizacionales.

Relaciones amorosas de pareja en las trayectorias vitales de las mujeres encarceladas

OpenAIRE

De Miguel Calvo, Estibaliz

2012-01-01

[ES]La tesis doctoral analiza las experiencias amorosas de pareja de mujeres encarceladas, con el doble objetivo de visibilizar a las mujeres presas en el ámbito de las ciencias sociales y de introducir las especificidades de las mujeres encarceladas en los debates sociológicos y feministas acerca del amor. Las escasas aproximaciones al amor entre las mujeres presas han tendido a explicar sus relaciones de pareja desde el concepto de “depende...

Frequency of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia treatment in a well-screened population

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Barken, Sidsel Svennekjaer; Rebolj, Matejka; Andersen, Erik Søgaard

2012-01-01

Treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) detectable at screening has helped reduce the incidence of cervical cancer, but has also led to overtreatment. The estimates of overtreatment have often focused on a particular grade of CIN or age group. The aim of this paper was to provide...... a nationwide population-based estimate of the frequency of CIN treatment per prevented cervical cancer case in a well-screened population. We retrieved the data from the Danish National Population, Patient, Health Insurance, Pathology, and Cancer Registers, and calculated annual age-standardized CIN treatment...... rates. We estimated the frequency of CIN treatment per prevented cervical cancer case by comparing the cumulative life-time risk of CIN treatment from 1996 onward, with the difference in the cumulative life-time risks of cervical cancer in the prescreening and the screening periods. Since 1996, more...

Novel multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 variations in patients with sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S Birla

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Background and Objectives: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT can occur either as a sporadic case or in association with syndromes such as multiple endocrine neoplasia. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1 is a rare autosomal-dominant disease resulting from mutations in MEN1 gene encoding a 621 amino acid long tumor suppressor protein “menin.” We report here the results of MEN1 screening in 31 patients diagnosed with sporadic PHPT. Materials and Methods: Diagnosis of sporadic PHPT was made when blood urea and serum creatinine were normal, serum parathyroid hormone was high, and parathyroid enlargement could be localized on ultrasound and/or parathyroid scan. A total of 31 patients and 50 healthy volunteers were recruited for molecular analysis after taking informed consent. Results: Major symptoms at presentation were bone pain, fatigue, muscle weakness, and renal stones. Molecular genetic analysis revealed the presence of two novel intronic variations, c. 913-79T>A and c. 784-129T>A which by human splicing finder are predicted to cause potential alteration of splicing by either activating an intronic cryptic acceptor site or converting a conserved exonic splicing silencer sequence to an exonic splicing enhancer site. Apart from these, two reported polymorphisms rs144677807 and rs669976 were seen only in patients and none of the controls. Other reported polymorphisms rs2071313 and rs654440 were identified both in controls and patients. Conclusions: This is the first study of MEN1 gene screening in sporadic PHPT in India reporting on the clinical and genetic findings, wherein two novel intronic variations c. 913-79T>A and c. 784-129T>A were identified showing their possible role in disease causation.

Neoplasia in beagles that received whole-body irradiation during prenatal or postnatal development

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Benjamin, S.A.; Angleton, G.M.; Lee, A.C.; Saunders, W.J.; Miller, G.K.; Jaenke, R.S.; Brewster, R.D.; Long, R.I.

1986-01-01

Sensitivity to radiation carcinogenesis is being studied in 1680 beagle dogs that received whole-body 60 Co gamma radiation exposures during development. Eight treatment groups of 120 dogs each received 0.16 or 0.83 Gy at one of three prenatal (8, 28, or 55 days postcoitus) ages or at one postnatal (2 days postpartum) age. One treatment group of 120 dogs received 0.83 Gy as juveniles at 70 days postpartum, and one treatment group of 240 young adult dogs received 0.83 Gy at 365 days postpartum. Three-hundred-sixty control dogs were sham irradiated. Of the 1680 dogs, 1058 are dead. Approximately 25% of these deaths were related to malignant neoplasia. The age-related incidence of neoplasia is being evaluated. While the incidence of all neoplasms is being studied, particular emphasis is being placed on types of cancer with known susceptibility to induction by radiation such as those of breast, thyroid, and hematopoietic tissues. Neoplasms are classed as (1) incidental, i.e., those found at necropsy in dogs that died of an unrelated cause; (2) mortality independent, i.e., those seen in live dogs and removed surgically, or (3) fatal, i.e., those directly or indirectly responsible for death. Analyses of incidental tumors are done by a prevalence method, whereas analyses of mortality-independent and fatal tumors use an onset-rate or death-rate method. The results of these methods are then combined to give a composite age-related incidence of specific neoplasms. Analyses also are done on disease subgroups to attempt to delineate the effect of intercurrent disease on tumor incidence. The results of such analyses support the concept that age at exposure is an important factor in radiation carcinogenesis. 28 refs., 7 tabs

Neurologic abnormalities as the predominant signs of neoplasia of the nasal cavity in dogs and cats: seven cases (1973-1986)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smith, M.O.; Turrel, J.M.; Bailey, C.S.; Cain, G.R.

1989-01-01

Neurologic abnormalities were the predominant historic and physical findings in 5 dogs and 2 cats with primary nasal cavity tumors that had invaded the cranial vault. Seizures, behavior changes, and obtundation were the most common signs. Other neurologic signs included paresis, ataxia, circling, visual deficit, and proprioceptive deficit. Although 1 dog and 2 cats had historic findings of mild respiratory disease, no physical abnormalities related to the respiratory tract were found in any of the 7 animals. Nasal cavity neoplasia was suggested by radiographic and computed tomographic studies and was confirmed histopathologically in each case. The nasal tumor types in the 5 dogs were epidermoid carcinoma (n = 1), adenocarcinoma (n = 2), solid carcinoma (n = 1), and anaplastic chondrosarcoma (n = 1). An esthesioneuroblastoma was found in each cat. Radiation therapy was effective for 3 months in palliating the clinical signs in the 2 dogs in which it was used. Neoplasia of the nasal cavity should be considered in the differential diagnosis for animals with neurologic signs suggestive of cerebral disorders

Pulmonary preinvasive neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Kerr, K M

2001-04-01

Advances in molecular biology have increased our knowledge of the biology of preneoplastic lesions in the human lung. The recently published WHO lung tumour classification defines three separate lesions that are regarded as preinvasive neoplasia. These are (1) squamous dysplasia and carcinoma in situ (SD/CIS), (2) atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH), and (3) diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIP-NECH). SD/CIS is graded in four stages (mild, moderate, severe, and CIS), based upon the distribution of atypical cells and mitotic figures. Most airways showing SD/CIS demonstrate a range of grades; many epithelia are hard to assess and the reproducibility of this complex system remains to be established. Detailed criteria are, however, welcome and provide an objective framework on which to compare various molecular changes. Alterations in gene expression and chromosome structure known to be associated with malignant transformation can be demonstrated in CIS, less so in dysplasias, but also in morphologically normal epithelium. The changes might be sequential, and their frequency and number increase with atypia. Less is known of the "risk of progression" of SD/CIS to invasive "central" bronchial carcinoma. It may take between one and 10 years for invasion to occur, yet the lesion(s) may be reversible if carcinogen exposure ceases. AAH may be an important precursor lesion for peripheral "parenchymal" adenocarcinoma of the lung: the "adenoma" in an adenoma-carcinoma sequence. There is good morphological evidence that AAH may progress from low to high grade to bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC; a non-invasive lesion by definition). Invasion then develops within BAC and peripheral lung adenocarcinoma evolves. The molecular events associated with this progression are not well understood and studies are hampered by a lack of clear criteria to distinguish high grade AAH from BAC. Nonetheless, as with SD/CIS, the patterns of expression of tumour

Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia-like ductal prostatic adenocarcinoma: A case suitable for active surveillance?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Soroush Rais-Bahrami

2017-01-01

Full Text Available In contrast to typical prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN-like ductal adenocarcinoma is a rare variant of prostate cancer with low-grade clinical behavior. We report a case of a 66-year-old African-American male with an elevated serum prostate-specific antigen who underwent multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI and MRI/ultrasound fusion-guided biopsies. Pathology demonstrated low-volume Gleason score 3 + 3 = 6 (Grade Group 1, acinar adenocarcinoma involving one core and PIN-like ductal adenocarcinoma on a separate core. Herein, we discuss the potential role of active surveillance for patients with this rare variant of prostate cancer found in the era of advanced imaging with multiparametric MRI for prostate cancer.

Effect of aspirin or resistant starch on colorectal neoplasia in the Lynch syndrome

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Burn, John; Bishop, D Timothy; Mecklin, Jukka-Pekka

2008-01-01

BACKGROUND: Observational and epidemiologic data indicate that the use of aspirin reduces the risk of colorectal neoplasia; however, the effects of aspirin in the Lynch syndrome (hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer) are not known. Resistant starch has been associated with an antineoplastic effect...... on the colon. METHODS: In a randomized, placebo-controlled trial, we used a two-by-two design to investigate the effects of aspirin, at a dose of 600 mg per day, and resistant starch (Novelose), at a dose of 30 g per day, in reducing the risk of adenoma and carcinoma among persons with the Lynch syndrome...... on the incidence of colorectal adenoma or carcinoma among carriers of the Lynch syndrome. (Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN59521990.)...

Estudo retrospectivo das neoplasias em ruminantes e equídeos no semiárido do Nordeste Brasileiro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabricio K. de L. Carvalho

2014-03-01

Full Text Available No Brasil, dados relacionados com a ocorrência de neoplasias em ruminantes e equinos são escassos. Objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar a frequência de neoplasias diagnosticadas em bovinos, caprinos, ovinos e equídeos no Laboratório de Patologia Animal da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, durante o período de 1983 a 2010 e analisar os fatores de risco, mediante o teste de qui-quadrado, considerando como variáveis, espécie, raça, sexo e idade. Durante o período foram registrados 177 (5,6% tumores de um total de 3.153 diagnósticos provenientes de biópsias e necropsias. Houve diferenças significantes (p<0,001 na frequência de tumores entre as diferentes espécies sendo mais acometidos os equinos (10,6%, seguidos pelos bovinos (6,8%, caprinos (3,3% e ovinos (2,1%. Os tumores mais frequentes foram o carcinoma células escamosas (CCE nos bovinos (58,3%, ovinos (80% e caprinos (46,1% e o sarcoide em equinos (45,3%. Quanto à localização anatômica, as neoplasias foram mais frequentes na pele em equídeos (62,5% e ovinos (60%, olho e tecido periocular em bovinos (36,1% e sistema reprodutor feminino (períneo e vulva em caprinos (34,6%. Em relação ao sexo dos animais, apenas os bovinos apresentaram prevalência significativa (p<0,001. Em relação à idade apenas os caprinos apresentaram prevalência significativa (p=0,015. Não houve prevalência significativa em nenhuma espécie em relação à raça. Conclui-se que os carcinomas de células escamosas em ruminantes e o sarcoide em equídeos são os tumores mais frequentes em animais de produção no semiárido do Nordeste Brasileiro e que a espécie equina foi a mais acometida dentre as espécies estudadas.

A Phase I Safety, Pharmacokinetic, and Pharmacodynamic Presurgical Trial of Vitamin E δ-tocotrienol in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gregory M. Springett

2015-12-01

Interpretation: VEDT from 200 to 1600 mg daily taken orally for 2 weeks before pancreatic surgery was well tolerated, reached bioactive levels in blood, and significantly induced apoptosis in the neoplastic cells of patients with pancreatic ductal neoplasia. These promising results warrant further clinical investigation of VEDT for chemoprevention and/or therapy of pancreatic cancer.

Differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia is often found in lesions, previously diagnosed as lichen sclerosus, which have progressed to vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van de Nieuwenhof, Hedwig P.; Bulten, Johan; Hollema, Harrie; Dommerholt, Rianne G.; Massuger, Leon F. A. G.; van der Zee, Ate G. J.; de Hullu, Joanne A.; van Kempen, Leon C. L. T.

Lichen sclerosus is considered to be the precursor lesion of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma, of which only 2-5% progress to squamous cell carcinoma. Differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) has been proposed to be the direct precursor lesion, but this is a recently recognized, and a

Aberrant Methylation of Preproenkephalin and p16 Genes in Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

OpenAIRE

Fukushima, Noriyoshi; Sato, Norihiro; Ueki, Takashi; Rosty, Christophe; Walter, Kimberly M.; Wilentz, Robb E.; Yeo, Charles J.; Hruban, Ralph H.; Goggins, Michael

2002-01-01

Pancreatic intraductal neoplasia (PanIN) is thought to be the precursor to infiltrating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. We have previously shown that the preproenkephalin (ppENK) and p16 genes are aberrantly methylated in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In this study we define the methylation status of the ppENK and p16 genes in various grades of PanINs. One hundred seventy-four samples (28 nonneoplastic pancreatic epithelia, 7 reactive epithelia, 29 PanIN-1A, 48 PanIN-1B, 27 PanIN-2, 14 PanIN-3...

El estado actual de las vacunas contra las drogas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maura Epifanía Matus Ortega

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: por lo común, la adicción a las drogas se trata con psicoterapia y farmacología que evita la unión de las sustancias psicoactivas a receptores específicos en el cerebro. El resultado de estos tratamientos no ha sido del todo satisfactorio, por lo que el desarrollo de terapias más eficaces representa un reto constante para tratar las adicciones. Una alternativa a la farmacología antiadictiva es la vacunación activa dirigida contra las sustancias de abuso. Objetivo: esta revisión reúne la información disponible sobre los fundamentos y avances científicos en la generación de una terapia inmunológica, que coadyuve al tratamiento de la adicción a sustancias como la heroína-morfina, la cocaína, la nicotina y la anfetamina. Método: se consideraron los reportes científicos disponibles en PubMed –de 2005 a abril de 2017–, sobre los fundamentos, la metodología empleada, los estudios preclínicos y clínicos, y los resultados obtenidos en dichas investigaciones para generar vacunas contra las drogas. Resultados: las vacunas lograron mitigar los efectos producidos por las sustancias en los estudios preclínicos en modelos de estudio en animales; sin embargo, con pacientes humanos los resultados no han sido del todo satisfactorios. Discusión y conclusiones: a pesar de los esfuerzos realizados por diferentes grupos de investigación y compañías farmacéuticas para generar vacunas terapéuticas contra el uso de diferentes drogas, ninguna ha alcanzado la fase III de estudios clínicos. En la actualidad, se continúa con los esfuerzos para lograr que las vacunas contra las adicciones alcancen su máxima eficiencia y eficacia, y contribuyan al tratamiento de la adicción a las drogas.

Las momias de las pirámides

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Miguel Parra

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El público general cree, como si fuera un dogma religioso, que las pirámides egipcias no fueron las tumbas de los faraones de los Reino Antiguo y Medio porque en ninguna de las cámaras funerarias se ha encontrado nunca una momia. Este estudio compila todos los datos relevantes al respecto y describe brevemente todos los restos humanos encontrados dentro de las pirámides, demostrando la falta de base de esa extendida creencia.As a religious dogma the general public believe that the Egyptian pyramids were not the tombs for the Old and Middle Kingdom pharaohs, because never was a mummy found inside the burial chamber of any of them. This study just compile all the relevant data on the subject and describe briefly all the human remains found in the pyramids, showing the nonsense of the general belief.

Aspectos clínico e cirúrgicos do tumor mamário canino: clinical and surgical evolution Canine mammary neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Roberto Daleck

1998-03-01

Full Text Available As neoplasias mamárias em cadelas representam importante parcela das neoplasias em cães, merecendo atenção dos pesquisadores quanto ao diagnóstico, tratamento e prognóstico. No presente trabalho, 23 cadelas de várias raças ou cruzamentos, com idades entre 8 e 11 anos portadoras de neoplasia mamária foram estudadas. Doze eram multíparas, 6 primíparas e 5 nulíparas. Todas eram da região de Jaboticabal, SP, atendidas no Hospital Veterinário da FCAVJ-UNESP. Os animais foram avaliados clínica e radiolagicamente e submetidos à punção aspirativa da massa anormal de tecido, com agulha fina. Dessa mesma massa foi também retirado, cirurgicamente, um fragmento para exame histopatológico. A maior incidência foi de carcinoma (52,17%, seguidos por tumores mistos (17,39%. Os tratamentos cirúrgicos empregados nos 23 animais foram: mastectomia regional ou mastectomia em bloco, com remoção de linfonodos. Quinze cadelas foram tratadas com doxorubicina, na dose de 20mg/m² e ciclofosfamida, na dose de 100mg/m², aos 7, 9 e 11 dias após o ato cirúrgico. Todos os animais tiveram evolução favorável e, 12 meses após a cirurgia, 18 deles foram reavaliados, não constatando nenhuma recidiva ou surgimento de metástase.Mammary gland tumors in female dogs are among the most important neoplasia in dogs, deserving special attention regarding its diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. In this study, 23 biches of different breeds, from 8 to 11 years of age, with mammary tumors were evaluated. Of the se, 12 were multiparous, 6 primiparous and 5 were nuliparous. All dogs came from the region of Jaboticabal, SP and were referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the FCAVJ-UNESP. The animals were evaluated clinically and radiographically and the mammary mass submitted to an aspirative needle. A fragment of the tumor was also removed surgically for histopathological examination. Most tumors were classified as carcinomas (52.17°/o, followed in number

Las mejores prácticas de las organizaciones y los profesionales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Robert L. SCHALOCK

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Este artículo se centra en las prácticas basadas en la evidencia y, sobre esta base, hacemos una invitación a que busquemos entre todos cuáles son las mejores prácticas, quién es el profesional más adecuado y qué significa ser una organización eficaz y eficiente. Tanto los profesionales como las organizaciones ofrecen servicios y apoyos que contribuyen a mejorar el bienestar y el crecimiento personal de los usuarios. En el contexto de la discusión sobre las prácticas profesionales y de las organizaciones, indicaré que las mejores prácticas profesionales empiezan con el respeto hacia las personas, el cumplimiento de los estándares y las normas éticas y deontológicas, y la utilización de las prácticas basadas en la evidencia y de la evaluación del efecto y de los resultados conseguidos. Indicaré, asimismo, que las mejores prácticas de la organización empiezan con el compromiso de ser una entidad basada en valores y, a la vez, de ser eficaz y eficiente en la prestación de los servicios y apoyos. Este compromiso de la organización se refleja en el uso de las mejores prácticas, que consisten en la utilización de equipos de alto rendimiento, en el paradigma de los apoyos, en la evaluación de los resultados obtenidos y en la mejora continua de la calidad.Como se observa en la Figura 1, examinaremos cada uno de los componentes de las mejores prácticas profesionales y de las organizaciones. Además, indicaré que, a través de su acción recíproca, las mejores prácticas de los profesionales y de las organizaciones generan un entorno cultural que tiene un efecto directo, no solo en la mejora de los servicios y apoyos que la organización ofrece a los usuarios, sino también en el bienestar y crecimiento personal del personal de la organización, lo cual, a su vez, redunda en un aumento de su eficacia y eficiencia.

Volumetric imaging of oral epithelial neoplasia by MPM-SHGM: epithelial connective tissue interface (Conference Presentation)

Science.gov (United States)

Pal, Rahul; Yang, Jinping; Qiu, Suimin; Resto, Vicente; McCammon, Susan; Vargas, Gracie

2016-03-01

The majority of oral cancers are comprised of oral squamous cell carcinoma in which neoplastic epithelial cells invade across the epithelial connective tissue interface (ECTI). Invasion is preceded by a multi-component process including epithelial hyperproliferation, loss of cell polarity, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Multiphoton Autofluorescence Microscopy (MPAM) and Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy (SHGM) show promise for revealing indicators of neoplasia. In particular, volumetric imaging by these methods can reveal aspects of the 3D microstructure that are not possible by other methods and which could both further our understanding of neoplastic transformation and be explored for development of diagnostic approaches in this disease having only 55% 5-year survival rate. MPAM-SHG were applied to reveal the 3D structure of the critical ECTI interface that plays an integral part toward invasion. Epithelial dysplasia was induced in an established hamster model. MPAM-SHGM was applied to lesion sites, using 780 nm excitation (450-600nm emission) for autofluroescence of cellular and extracellular components; 840 nm using 420 nm bandpass filter for SHG. The ECTI surface was identified as the interface at which SHG signal began following the epithelium and was modeled as a 3D surface using Matlab. ECTI surface area and cell features at sites of epithelial expansion where ECTI was altered were measured; Imaged sites were biopsied and processed for histology. ROC analysis using ECTI image metrics indicated the ability to delineate normal from neoplasia with high sensitivity and specificity and it is noteworthy that inflammation did not significantly alter diagnostic potential of MPAM-SHGM .

Altered Peptidase Activities in Thyroid Neoplasia and Hyperplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gorka Larrinaga

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Background. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC, follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA, and thyroid nodular hyperplasia (TNH are the most frequent diseases of the thyroid gland. Previous studies described the involvement of dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPPIV/CD26 in the development of thyroid neoplasia and proposed it as an additional tool in the diagnosis/prognosis of these diseases. However, very little is known about the involvement of other peptidases in neoplastic and hyperplastic processes of this gland. Methods. The catalytic activity of 10 peptidases in a series of 30 PTC, 10 FTA, and 14 TNH was measured fluorimetrically in tumour and nontumour adjacent tissues. Results. The activity of DPPIV/CD26 was markedly higher in PTC than in FTA, TNH, and nontumour tissues. Aspartyl aminopeptidase (AspAP, alanyl aminopeptidase (AlaAP, prolyl endopeptidase, pyroglutamyl peptidase I, and aminopeptidase B activities were significantly increased in thyroid neoplasms when compared to nontumour tissues. AspAP and AlaAP activities were also significantly higher in PTC than in FTA and TNH. Conclusions. These data suggest the involvement of DPPIV/CD26 and some cytosolic peptidases in the neoplastic development of PTC and FTA. Further studies will help to define the possible clinical usefulness of AlaAP and AspAP in the diagnosis/prognosis of thyroid neoplasms.

Altered peptidase activities in thyroid neoplasia and hyperplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Larrinaga, Gorka; Blanco, Lorena; Errarte, Peio; Beitia, Maider; Sanz, Begoña; Perez, Itxaro; Irazusta, Amaia; Sánchez, Clara E; Santaolalla, Francisco; Andrés, Leire; López, José I

2013-01-01

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA), and thyroid nodular hyperplasia (TNH) are the most frequent diseases of the thyroid gland. Previous studies described the involvement of dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPPIV/CD26) in the development of thyroid neoplasia and proposed it as an additional tool in the diagnosis/prognosis of these diseases. However, very little is known about the involvement of other peptidases in neoplastic and hyperplastic processes of this gland. The catalytic activity of 10 peptidases in a series of 30 PTC, 10 FTA, and 14 TNH was measured fluorimetrically in tumour and nontumour adjacent tissues. The activity of DPPIV/CD26 was markedly higher in PTC than in FTA, TNH, and nontumour tissues. Aspartyl aminopeptidase (AspAP), alanyl aminopeptidase (AlaAP), prolyl endopeptidase, pyroglutamyl peptidase I, and aminopeptidase B activities were significantly increased in thyroid neoplasms when compared to nontumour tissues. AspAP and AlaAP activities were also significantly higher in PTC than in FTA and TNH. These data suggest the involvement of DPPIV/CD26 and some cytosolic peptidases in the neoplastic development of PTC and FTA. Further studies will help to define the possible clinical usefulness of AlaAP and AspAP in the diagnosis/prognosis of thyroid neoplasms.

Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia: efficacy of color doppler ultrasound

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Song, Sun Wha; Jee, Won Hee; Choe, Bo Young; Byun, Jae Young; Choi, Byung Gil; Shinn, Kyung Sub

1997-01-01

To evaluate the efficacy of color Doppler ultrasound (US) in the diagnosis of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). Intralesional color flows and resistive index (RI) on color Doppler US were prospectively analyzed in 21 consecutive suspected GTN cases. RI of the intralesional artery was investigated on the basis of the presence or absence of mass and metastasis. Correlation between RI of intralesional artery and urinary β-hCG was also investigated. Intralesional color flows were identified in 15 patients with GTN. On operation, intralesional color flows were observed in one of two patients in whom the presence of completely necrotic tissue was confirmed. Intralesional color flows, however, were not detected in four patients who were proved not to be GTN sufferers. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy were 100%, 83%, 95%, 94% and 100%, respectively. Significant correlation between RI of the intralesional artery and urinary β-hCG was not established (p=0.49, r=0.19). RI of this artery was not substantially different between groups with and without mass, and between groups with and without metastasis (p=0.32, p=0.82). The current study demonstrates that color Doppler US is a sensitive and useful method for the diagnosis of GTN

Increased burden of treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: Denmark 1991 to 2007

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Barken, Sidsel Svennekjær; Rebolj, M; Lynge, Elsebeth

2011-01-01

Introduction: Since the introduction of cytological screening in Denmark in the late 1960s, the incidence of cervical cancer decreased from 40 to 14 per 100,000 due to treatment of screen-detected cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). However, some overtreatment is inevitable and its side...... on conisations, destructive therapies, excisions, hysterectomies and cervical treatments NOS from: The Pathology, Hospital Discharge, Health Insurance and Danish Cancer Register, for all female Danish residents aged 15 to 84 between 1991 and 2007. After linking the data using the unique Danish identification...... numbers, we excluded all duplicates and all destructive therapies and hysterectomies for which no cervical diagnosis was found in the period around the treatment. The total number of treatments was age-standardized using the Danish female population in 2007 as the standard population. Results...

Estudio retrospectivo de masas cutáneas neoplásicas en caninos diagnosticadas histopatológicamente en la Universidad de La Salle (1999-2003

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Eduardo Aparicio Ortiz

2008-12-01

Full Text Available El propósito del trabajo fue realizar un análisis retrospectivo de las neoplasias cutáneas en caninos diagnosticadas en la Universidad de La Salle, en Bogotá, en el período 1999-2003. El presente estudio se llevó a cabo con la información obtenida de los registros del área diagnóstica e histopatológica de la Universidad de La Salle. La información fue discriminada y analizada teniendo en cuenta las siguientes variables: diagnóstico, raza, sexo, edad, malignidad y localización del tumor. Los 192 casos de pacientes abordados en el estudio fueron agrupados de acuerdo con las neoplasias con el fin de determinar las características y el comportamiento de dichas patologías. La edad promedio de los pacientes fue de 6,5 años, la raza más afectada el Bóxer con el 19,1% (32 perros, seguido del Labrador con un 13% (26 perros y el Caniche con un 10,5% (22 perros; los pacientes machos fueron los más afectados con un 58% (107 perros. Se reveló la gran incidencia del tumor de células de mast (26,2% en el 2003 y 20% en el 2002 y el histiocitoma (12,3% en el 2003 y 10% en el año 2002. Entre otras neoplasias que se observaron de forma recurrente en el estudio se destacan el lipoma, tricoepitelioma, carcinoma de células escamosas y papilomatosis.

Indagando en la relevancia de Internet en el acceso, uso y deseos de las TIC por parte de las mujeres en las TIC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Núria VERGÉS BOSCH

2011-07-01

Full Text Available A partir de los años 90 las teorías feministas de la tecnología experimentan un optimismo renovado con la aparición de las TIC y el desarrollo de la tercera ola feminista. Sin embargo, la investigación en género y tecnología se ha centrado en estudiar la exclusión de las mujeres de las TIC e, inversamente, las experiencias de las mujeres y sus estrategias para incluirse en las TIC han recibido menos atención. Motivadas por nuestras experiencias tecnoactivistas y la observación de una remarcable presencia de mujeres en ellas, con Donestech, iniciamos un proyecto de investigación sobre los accesos, usos y deseos de las mujeres en las TIC. A través de una investigación ciberfeminista recogimos, analizamos y visibilizamos las experiencias y opiniones de las mujeres en las TIC. Nuestros resultados sugieren que las trayectorias de inclusión y acceso de las mujeres en las TIC son diversas, así como heterogéneos son los usos que hacen de ellas, destacando el rol jugado por Internet en todo ello. Además mostramos que las mujeres en las TIC son curiosas y entusiastas, que quieren empoderarse y compartir el conocimiento. Finalmente, les disgusta y desconfían de las relaciones de poder existentes en los mundos tecnológicos, manteniendo una actitud crítica y creativa hacia las TIC.

Characteristics of the Danish families with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jäger, Anne Charlotte; Friis-Hansen, Lennart; Hansen, Thomas v.O.

2006-01-01

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is caused by autosomal dominantly inherited mutations in the MEN1 gene. Here, we report 25 MEN1 mutations - of which 12 are novel - found in 36 Danish families with MEN1 or variant MEN1 disease. Furthermore, one FIHP family was found to have an earlier...... reported mutation. The mutations were predominantly found in exons 9 and 10 encoding the C-terminal part of menin. Seven of the mutations were missense mutations, changing conserved residues. Furthermore screening of 93 out of 153 consecutive patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) identified five...... mutation carriers. Two of these belonged to known MEN1 families, whereas the only MEN1-related disease in the other three was pHPT. Screening of 96 consecutive patients with fore-/midgut endocrine tumours revealed five mutation carries out of 28 patients with sporadic gastrinomas, whereas no mutations were...

Human papillomavirus detection in cervical neoplasia attributed to 12 high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes by region

OpenAIRE

Castellsagué, Xavier; Ault, Kevin A.; Bosch, F. Xavier; Brown, Darron; Cuzick, Jack; Ferris, Daron G.; Joura, Elmar A.; Garland, Suzanne M.; Giuliano, Anna R; Hernandez-Avila, Mauricio; Huh, Warner; Iversen, Ole-Erik; Kjaer, Susanne K.; Luna, Joaquin; Monsonego, Joseph

2016-01-01

Background: We estimated the proportion of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) cases attributed to 14 HPV types, including quadrivalent (qHPV) (6/11/16/18) and 9-valent (9vHPV) (6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58) vaccine types, by region Methods: Women ages 15–26 and 24–45 years from 5 regions were enrolled in qHPV vaccine clinical trials. Among 10,706 women (placebo arms), 1539 CIN1, 945 CIN2/3, and 24 adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) cases were diagnosed by pathology panel consensus. Results: Pred...

Radiogenic neoplasia in thyroid and mammary clonogens

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clifton, K.H.

1993-01-01

The induction of cancer by ionizing radiation is a matter of great practical importance to the nuclear industry, to national defense, to radiological medicine and to the general public. It is increasingly apparent that carcinogenesis is one of the leading dose-limiting effects of radiation exposure (Co90). Quantitative information at the cellular level is essential to an understanding of the mechanisms of radiogenic neoplastic initiation and the stages of promotion and progression to overt neoplasia. We have developed two experimental models, the rat thyroid and rat mammary clonogen transplant systems, for the quantitative study of radiation carcinogenesis at the cellular level in vivo (C185). The most important steps taken or completed during the current grant year include: (a) demonstration of the high age-dependent radiosensitivity of prepubertal rat mammary clonogens to radiogenic damage which may influence their susceptibility to neoplastic initiation, and (b) demonstration of the feasibility of using a molecular test for clonogenicity in which Simple Sequence Repeats in the DNA serve as identifying signals of the genotypic origin of the cells. We have also (c) set up a large carcinogenesis experiment to test the effect of close intercellular contact in thyroid glands in situ on promotion-progression of radiogenically initiated clonogens, (d) achieved considerable further concentration of thyroid clonogens, and (e) begun to explore whether thyroid cells can be induced to give rise to three dimensional multicellular structures in culture in reconstituted basement membrane. These are discussed in this report

Cutaneous neoplasia following PUVA therapy for psoriasis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

McKenna, K.E.; Handley, J.; McGinn, S.; Allen, G. [Belfast City Hospital (United Kingdom). Dept. of Dermatology; Patterson, C.C. [Queen`s Univ., Belfast, Northern Ireland (United Kingdom)

1996-04-01

To determine the risk of cutaneous neoplasia following photochemotherapy (PUVA), we reviewed patients with psoriasis treated at out unit between 1979 and 1991. Two hundred and forty-five patients were assessed, with a median duration of follow-up of 9.5 years. Fifty-nine per cent were male, and 41% female. The median number of exposures was 59, and the median total dose was 133J/cm{sup 2} for the group as a whole. Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) occurred in six individuals (2.4%), basal cell carcinoma occurred in all six and one individual also developed four squamous cell carcinomas and Bowen`s disease of the penis. No cases of malignant melanoma were recorded. Patients who developed NMSC received a median number of 225 exposures and a median cumulative dose of 654J/cm{sup 2}. Compared with a control study population in West Glamorgan, Wales, there was a 1.4 (95% confidence limits (CL) 0.5 and 3.1) times increased risk of NMSC. A statistically significant increased incidence of NMSC was found for patients who had received 100 or more exposures, and 250 or more J/cm{sup 2}, with risks of 3.7 (95% CL 1.0 and 9.5), and 4.0 (95% CL 1.1 and 10), respectively. A PUVA dose of < 250 J/cm{sup 2} or < 100 exposures conferred a minimal increase in risk of NMSC in our study population. (author).

Razones por las que los alumnos universitarios no utilizan las redes sociales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zeynep Turan

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Aunque las redes sociales (los SRS, especialmente Facebook se han popularizado entre la juventud, hay algunos alumnos universitarios que no desean participar en ellas. Esta investigación explora las razones subyacentes por las cuales los alumnos universitarios no utilizan las redes sociales. El grupo experimental (n=20 estuvo formado por alumnos de licenciatura de entre 18 y 25 años, seleccionados mediante muestreo intencional. Se recogieron los datos en dos grandes universidades estatales de Turquía. Facebook fue seleccionado para contextualizar esta investigación, por ser una de las redes sociales más populares. Los métodos de investigación cualitativa se emplearon en la recogida y análisis de los datos. Entre las razones principales por las que no utilizan las redes sociales se encuentran su percepción como una pérdida de tiempo, o una herramienta innecesaria; las posibilidades de poder conllevar una adicción; violar las normas de privacidad, compartir información excesiva; e invocar la preocupación parental. Adicionalmente, los resultados indicaron que la mayoría de los alumnos no confió en sus amistades virtuales y que no les gustaba compartir fotografías ni opiniones políticas en línea. El haber identificado las actitudes hacia los SRS de los alumnos nousuarios nos ayudará a entender mejor las percepciones y experiencias individuales relacionadas con estos servicios sociales.

La intangibilidad de las acciones privadas de las personas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mauricio Maldonado Muñoz

2014-03-01

Full Text Available En este artículo pretendemos acercarnos a una garantía que —siguiendo cierta doctrina— hemos llamado: intangibilidad de las acciones privadas de las personas. Desde una visión que busca ser omnicomprensiva, se analizan las fuentes de las que mana la privacidad y, posteriormente, su contenido y alcances. Sobre todo, se analiza el problema de los límites de la injerencia y regulación estatal, partiendo de una posición que niega las visiones comunitaristas. En general, se trata de conceptualizar a la garantía planteada desde el punto de vista de la libertad, el derecho y las virtudes humanas, los derechos de terceros y la moral pública; concretando su vinculación con otros derechos relacionados con la privacidad. La idea central del presente trabajo consiste en demostrar la transversalidad de la garantía señalada, implicando —en ese proceso— cuestiones trascendentes para la filosofía del derecho, la teoría del derecho y, por supuesto, para el estudio del derecho de los derechos humanos.  

Vírus HPV e câncer de colo de útero Virus HPV y el cáncer del cuello uterino Human Papillomavirus (HPV and uterine cervical cancer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Janete Tamani Tomiyoshi Nakagawa

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo refere-se a uma revisão de literatura sobre o vírus HPV e câncer de colo de útero, com o objetivo de levantar aspectos da infecção do vírus que influenciam no curso natural do câncer de colo de útero tais como: a tipologia do vírus, a duração e a persistência da infecção além de associar com as manifestações das lesões precursoras até a evolução da neoplasia. Foi possível constatar a forte associação da infecção com a evolução da neoplasia cervical, no entanto, ainda são necessários estudos que elucidem melhor certos aspectos da infecção do vírus HPV que agem sobre o colo do útero para que as ações de prevenção e combate a doença sejam mais eficazes.Este artículo se refiere a una revisión de literatura sobre el virus HPV y la neoplasia cervical, con el objetivo de levantar aspectos de la infección del virus que influye en el curso natural del cáncer de cuello del útero tales como: la tipologia del virus, la duración y la persistencia de la infección además de asociarlo a las manifestaciones de las lesiones precursoras hasta la evolución de la neoplasia. Ha sido posible constatar la fuerte asosiación de la infección con la evolución de la neoplasia cervical, entretanto, aún son necesarios estudios que eluciden mejor ciertos aspectos de la infección del virus HPV que actúa sobre el cuello del útero para que las acciones de prevención y combate a la enfermedad sean más eficaces.This article refers to a review of literature about the HPV virus and the cervical neoplasia, aiming at raising aspects of the virus infection which influences in the natural development of the uterine cervical cancer such as: the type of virus, the duration and the persistence of the infection and also the association with the manifestations of the preceding lesions up to the evolution of the neoplasia. It was possible to notice the strong association of the infection with the evolution of the cervical

Carcinoma de las células basales en el niño: Presentación de un caso Basal cell carcinoma in the child: A case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edelisa Moredo Romo

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Se presenta el caso de un escolar de seis años de edad, del sexo masculino y raza negra, que desarrolló un carcinoma de las células basales de la piel de la cara sin antecedente previo de lesión cutánea, exposición exagerada al sol ni otros agentes carcinógenos conocidos. Por la rareza de esta neoplasia en la edad pediátrica y de su aparición en la raza negra, por el interés despertado hacia este caso en nuestro servicio y sobre la base de que su incidencia muestra una tendencia creciente y de que este tipo de tumor se ha convertido en un problema de salud pública mayor; se decide realizar una revisión amplia del tema y presentar este caso.

Immunologic assessment of patients with pulmonary metaplasia and neoplasia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gross, R.L.; Saccomanno, G.; Smith, D.M.; Saunders, R.; Thomas, R.G.

1979-01-01

Immune profiles have been obtained on 206 individuals including 57 controls, 50 lung cancer patients, and 99 uranium miners with well-defined sputum cytologies ranging from normal to carcinoma in situ. Little effect of smoking, uranium mining or a combination of mining plus smoking on immune function was observed if sputum cytology was normal. In heavy smokers there was a suggestion that total T cells are increased while T cell function is slightly depressed. Immunologic abnormalities were noted in the moderate atypia group where 40% had one or more abnormal immunologic parameters. Immunologic abnormalities were detected in 68 to 70 patients with marked atypia, carcinoma in situ, or invasive carcinoma. Further sequential study of the uranium miner population is necessary to define more precisely the predictive value of immunologic testing, and the role of early identification of high risk individuals in the early institution of definitive therapy, such as surgery or immunotherapy. Long-term prospective analysis of this population may also provide the answer to the question of whether alterations in immune function precede, or result from the appearance of cells committed to the development of neoplasia

[Heredity in renal and prostatic neoplasia].

Science.gov (United States)

Prayer Galetti, T; D'Arrigo, L; De Zorzi, L; Patarnello, T

1997-09-01

There is an ever growing report of data supporting the evidence that accumulated genetic changes underlie the development of neoplasia. The paradigma of this multistep process is colon cancer were cancer onset is associated, over decades, with at least seven genetic events. The number of genetic alterations increases moving from adenomatous lesions to colon cancer and, although the genetic alterations occur according to a preferred sequence, the total accumulation of changes rather than their sequential order is responsible of tumor biological behavior. It is noteworthy that, at least for this neoplasia, carcinogenesis appears to arise as a result of the mutational activation of oncogenes coupled with the mutational inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. In some cases mutant suppressor genes appear to exert a phenotypic effect even when present in the heterozygous state thus been non "recessive" at the cellular level. The general features of this model may apply also to renal cell cancer (RCC) and prostate cancer (CaP). Extensive literature exists on the cytogenetic and molecular findings in RCC. Only 2% of RCC are familiar, but molecular genetic studies of these cancers have provided important informations on RCC pathogenesis. As with other cancers, familiar RCC is characterized by an early age of onset and frequent multicentricity. A pathological classification useful in studying these patients subdivide renal cancers in papillary (pRCC) and non papillary (RCC) neoplasms. The most common cause of inherited RCC is the Von Hippel Lindau disease (VHL) a dominantly inherited multisystem disorder characterized by retinal and cerebellar hemangioblastomas, pheochromocytomas, pancreatic cysts and RCC. Over 70% of these patients will develop an RCC by their sixth decade. In 1993 the isolation of the tumor suppressor gene in VHL disease at the level of chromosome 3p25-p26 have lead to a better understanding of RCC. Most missense mutations are associated with high risk of

Las relaciones de Podemos con las organizaciones sociales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ignacio Mariñas

2015-09-01

Full Text Available El 15M fue el principio del proceso de cambio en España y tiene una trascendencia en el mundo porque, por primera vez desde 1989, un movimiento contestatario al sistema alcanza una repercusión mundial. En consecuencia, todos partidos políticos en España atienden las demandas de este movimiento, bien para impulsar cambios en sus programas que atiendan a sus demandas o para intentar asumir su representación política como hace Podemos. En esta exposición se considera la tradición política de este país y el surgir del 15M, para comentar, después, las críticas a Podemos como heredero del 15M, y terminar con el análisis de su relación con las organizaciones sociales. La exposición se organiza en cinco tiempos que en su conjunto dan una visión poliédrica del problema. El objetivo es tratar de contradecir el escepticismo del Quijote sobre la posibilidad de comprender las razones y las dinámicas de los cambios sociales.

Imaging appearances and clinical outcome following sacrectomy and ilio-lumbar reconstruction for sacral neoplasia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thomas, Marianna; Davies, A.M.; James, Steven L.J. [Department of Radiology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (United Kingdom); Stirling, A.J.; Grainger, M. [Department of Spinal Surgery, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (United Kingdom); Grimer, R.J. [Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham (United Kingdom)

2014-02-15

Sacrectomy and ilio-lumbar reconstruction is an uncommonly performed complex surgical procedure for the treatment of sacral neoplasia. There are many challenges in the post-operative period including the potential for tumor recurrence, infection, and construct failure. We present our experience of this patient cohort and describe the complications and imaging appearances that can be encountered during the follow-up period. Retrospective review of our Orthopaedic Oncology database was undertaken which has been collected over a 30-year period to identify patients that had undergone sacrectomy and ilio-lumbar reconstruction. Pre and post-operative imaging including radiographs, CT, and MRI was reviewed. These were viewed by two experienced musculoskeletal radiologists with consensus opinion if there was disagreement over the imaging findings. Data regarding patient demographics, tumor type, and dimensions was collected. Serial review of radiographs, CT, and MRI was performed to assess implant position and integrity, strut graft position and union, and for the presence of recurrence within the surgical bed. Five male and two female patients (mean age 36 years, age range 15-54 years) were treated with this procedure. Histological diagnoses included chordoma, chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and spindle cell sarcoma. Mean maximal tumor size on pre-operative imaging was 10.7 cm (range, 6-16 cm). Post-operative follow-up ranged from 10-46 months. A total of 76 imaging studies were reviewed. Commonly identified complications included vertical rod and cross-connector fracture and screw loosening. Fibula strut graft non-union and fracture was also evident on imaging review. Two patients demonstrated disease recurrence during the follow-up period. This study demonstrates the spectrum and frequency of complications that can occur following sacrectomy and ilio-lumbar reconstruction for sacral neoplasia. (orig.)

Trombose venosa profunda e neoplasia mamária maligna: relato de caso em idosa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eliton Edmilson Couto

2017-08-01

Full Text Available A Trombose Venosa Profunda (TVP é caracterizada pela formação de trombos no interior de veias profundas, mais comum nos mem¬bros inferiores (80 a 95% dos casos. A incidência da doença, no Brasil, mostra-se em torno de 0,6 por 1.000 habitantes/ano. A literatura descreve alguns fatores principais no processo de formação dos trombos: estase sanguínea, lesões do endotélio e estados de hipercoagulabilidade. As neoplasias também são reconhecidas como fatores de risco independentes para TVP. Como complicação grave da TVP, em sua fase aguda, cita-se a embolia pulmonar e, tardiamente, a síndrome pós-trombótica. O objetivo do presente estudo é relatar um caso clínico de uma paciente do sexo feminino, idosa, portadora de hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e dislipidemia, em uso irregular das medicações. Concomitantemente, há 3 meses, a paciente foi diagnosticada com neoplasia mamária maligna, ainda sem início do tratamento. Ao exame físico a paciente apresentou-se com dor em membro inferior direito, sem hiperemia, com edema e sinal de Homams positivo. Como tratamento para TVP foi proposto uso de anticoagulante oral, e a paciente segue internada, em repouso, há 6 dias. Diante do caso apresentado, cabe destacar que é de suma importância compreender os fatores de risco para TVP, bem como suas alterações fisiológicas no organismo, o que é de extrema importância para o diagnóstico correto e o sucesso terapêutico de cada caso.

Las ideologias, las ciencias naturales y sus implicaciones en la educacion cientifica

Science.gov (United States)

Lozada Roldan, Sandra

Este estudio ausculto las concepciones epistemologicas de los docentes de ciencia del nivel secundario con relacion a las ideologias y las ciencias naturales. Tambien examino las posiciones de los docentes ante asuntos publicos relacionados a la ciencia. Para propositos de este estudio se diseno y se valido el cuestionario con el cual se obtuvieron los resultados. La investigacion es de tipo cuantitativa y se utilizo como diseno la encuesta. El cuestionario se administro en varias actividades de desarrollo profesional para maestros de ciencia. Un total de 78 maestros del nivel secundario respondieron el cuestionario. Para analizar los datos obtenidos se utilizaron estadisticas descriptivas como la distribucion de frecuencia y el porciento. Ademas se establecieron codigos y categorias para describir las posiciones de los maestros ante asuntos publicos relacionados a la ciencia. Los analisis demostraron que entre los docentes participantes de este estudio prevalecen ciertas concepciones epistemologicas adecuadas acerca de las ciencias naturales, a la luz de la literatura consultada. Entre estas concepciones se destacan las siguientes: a) la filosofia materialista de las ciencias naturales, b) la naturaleza tentativa y constructivista del conocimiento cientifico, c) el uso de una metodologia que garantiza cierto grado de objetividad y con el que se justifican y validan los enunciados cientificos y d) la funcion instrumental del conocimiento cientifico. Sin embargo, entre los docentes participantes de este estudio prevalecen ciertas concepciones epistemologicas erroneas acerca de las ciencias naturales, a la luz de la literatura consultada. Entre estas concepciones se destacan las siguientes: a) tendencia inductivista en el que las teorias cientificas comienzan con observaciones que establecen generalizaciones, b) secuencia jerarquica de la metodologia cientifica. Ademas, entre los docentes participantes de este estudio prevalecen concepciones epistemologicas adecuadas

Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and ductal adenocarcinoma induced by DMBA in mice: effects of alcohol and caffeine Neoplasia pancreática intraepithelial e adenocarcinoma ductal induzidos pelo DMBA em camundongos: efeitos do álcool e da cafeína

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luiz Roberto Wendt

2007-06-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of alcohol and caffeine in a pancreatic carcinogenesis mouse model induced by 7,12-dimethylbenzantracene (DMBA, according to the PanIN classification system. METHODS: 120 male, Mus musculus, CF-1 mice were divided into four groups. Animals received either water or caffeine or alcohol or alcohol + caffeine in their drinking water. In all animals, 1 mg of DMBA was implanted into the head of the pancreas. After 30 days, euthanasia was performed; excised pancreata were then fixed in formalin, stained with hematoxylin-eosin and categorized as follows: normal ducts, reactive hyperplasia, PanIN-1A, PanIN-1B, PanIN-2, PanIN-3 or adenocarcinoma. RESULTS: PanIN lesions were verified in all groups. Adenocarcinoma was detected in 15% of animals in the caffeine group, 16.6% in the water group, 23.8% in the alcohol + caffeine group and 52.9% in the alcohol group (POBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos do álcool e da cafeína na carcinogênese pancreática induzida pelo 7,12-dimetilbenzantraceno (DMBA em camundongos, descrevendo as lesões de acordo com a classificação das neoplasias pacreáticas intraepiteliais (PanIN. MÉTODOS: 120 camundogos machos, Mus musculus, CF-1 foram divididos em quatro grupos. Animais receberam água ou cafeína ou álcool ou álcool + cafeína para beber. Em todos animais, 1 mg de DMBA foi implantado na cabeça do pâncreas. Após 30 dias, eutanásia foi realizada, o pâncreas foi removido, fixado em formalina e corado com hematoxilina e eosina sendo classificado em: ductos normais, hiperplasia reativa, PanIN-1A, PanIN-1B, PanIN-2, PanIN-3 ou adenocarcinoma. RESULTADOS: Neoplasias pancreáticas intraepiteliais foram encontradas em todos grupos. Adenocarcinoma foi detectado em 15% dos animais do grupo cafeína, 16,6% do grupo água, 23,8% do grupo álcool + cafeína e 52,9% do grupo álcool (P<0,05. CONCLUSÕES: O modelo experimental de carcinogênese pancreática em camundongos utilizando DMBA induz

Los efectos de las armas en la vida de las mujeres

OpenAIRE

2005-01-01

Se calcula que en la actualidad hay en el mundo casi 650 millones de armas pequeñas. Casi el 60 por ciento de ellas están en manos de ciudadanos particulares, en su mayoría hombres. Y la gran mayoría de quienes fabrican, venden, poseen y usan, debida o indebidamente, las armas pequeñas son hombres. ¿Qué significa esto para las mujeres y niñas del mundo? Este informe estudia los efectos que las armas de fuego tienen para las mujeres en el hogar, en las comunidades y también durante un conflict...

Evolución de la mortalidad y de los años de vida perdidos prematuramente relacionados con el consumo de alcohol en las Islas Canarias (1980-1998

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bello L.M.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Describir la mortalidad y los años de vida perdidos prematuramente (AVPP relacionados con el alcohol en las Islas Canarias durante el período 1980-1998. Métodos: Las defunciones por edad, sexo y causa desde 1980 a 1998 se obtuvieron del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Movimiento Natural de la Población. Se calculó la proporción de muertes relacionadas con el alcohol para cada año, sexo y grupo de edad a partir de la fracción atribuible poblacional propuesta por los Centers for Disease Control (Estados Unidos. Para cada categoría diagnóstica, los años de vida perdidos prematuramente relacionados con el alcohol fueron calculados multiplicando las defunciones por la fracción poblacional en grupos quinquenales de edad para ambos sexos hasta la edad de 65 años. Resultados: Durante el período 1980-1998, el número de fallecimientos por causas relacionadas con el alcohol fue de 12.614, con un promedio del 6,4% anual y una razón varón/mujer de aproximadamente 2:1. Las neoplasias malignas, las enfermedades digestivas y los accidentes no intencionales relacionados con el alcohol presentan las mayores tasas de mortalidad y de AVPP tanto en varones como en mujeres; en particular, los accidentes no intencionales generan AVPP por encima de las otras causas, lo que supone el 50,6% del total de AVPP por causas relacionadas con el alcohol en varones y el 55,5% en mujeres. Durante el período de estudio, la cirrosis hepáticas y otras enfermedades crónicas del hígado (CIE 571 van decreciendo paulatinamente en los varones y se mantienen en las mujeres. Conclusiones: En el ámbito y período de estudio (Islas Canarias, 1980-1998, se ha observado que el porcentaje de fallecidos por causas relacionadas con el alcohol es elevado, incluyendo la mortalidad por cirrosis hepática. Por tanto, sería necesario potenciar el desarrollo de estrategias educativas y otras dirigidas para controlar su consumo, sobre todo en los jóvenes.

Gobierno de las TI en las universidades españolas

OpenAIRE

Fernández Martínez, Antonio; Llorens Largo, Faraón

2009-01-01

Comunicación presentada en el IV International Congress: "Evolving from IT Service Management to IT Governance", May 19, 2009, Móstoles, Madrid. El gobierno de las Tecnologías de la Información (TI) va a proporcionar a las universidades la capacidad de obtener el máximo valor de sus inversiones TI. Sin embargo en el Sistema Universitario Español (SUE) el uso de sistemas de gobierno de las TI esta muy poco extendido y apenas es incipiente. La Conferencia de Rectores de las Universidades Esp...

Las Sinapsis

OpenAIRE

Jorge Eduardo Duque Parra; Genaro Morales Parra; Carlos Alberto Duque Parra

1997-01-01

Introducción

El estudio del sistema nervioso considera entre múltiples conexiones, aquéllas de carácter bioquímico que se median a través de sustancias elaboradas por las neuronas y que reciben la denominación de neurotransmisores’, dichas sustancias se vierten en las zonas de resquicio neuromuscular, neuroneuronal o neuroglandular, para modificar las condiciones de membrana y permitir la continuidad de los p...

Conocimiento de las vías de transmisión de las zoonosis y de las especies afectadas entre los trabajadores rurales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana I Molineri

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el grado de conocimiento que tienen los trabajadores rurales sobre las zoonosis a las que se encuentran expuestos en su trabajo y su asociación con factores socio-demográficos. Se efectuó un estudio observacional transversal basado en la realización de encuestas (N = 110, n = 94, utilizando un cuestionario estructurado. El análisis incluyó c², t de Student y correlación de Pearson y de Spearman. Las zoonosis más conocidas fueron la triquinosis, la rabia y la sarna. En el caso de la brucelosis, la tuberculosis y el carbunco, fueron muy conocidas las especies que las transmiten, pero no así las formas de transmisión. Las enfermedades menos conocidas en ambos sentidos fueron la toxocariasis y la hidatidosis, seguidas por la leptospirosis y la toxoplasmosis. Para todas las zoonosis estudiadas se encontró correlación significativa (p < 0,001 entre el conocimiento de las especies transmisoras y de las vías de transmisión. Aquellos encuestados de sexo masculino, propietarios y residentes de zonas urbanas, casados y de mayor edad y antigüedad fueron quienes presentaron más conocimientos sobre las zoonosis, en general. El conocimiento que tienen los trabajadores rurales acerca de las zoonosis es insuficiente. Sería importante que los veterinarios, en conjunto con las aseguradoras de riesgos del trabajo, difundan la información adecuada entre las personas en riesgo que desarrollan sus tareas en este ámbito.

El Sistema Bethesda 2001 The 2001 Bethesda System

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christine Bergeron

2003-01-01

Full Text Available The Bethesda system is a system of terminology for reporting the results of cervical cytology. It was developed in 1988, and is now widely used in the United States. This system was updated in April 2001. The most important modifications are the following: a elimination of the category "satisfactory but limited by", b the reintegration of benign modifications in the normal category, c "atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance" is now named "atypical squamous cells" and subdivided into "atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance" and "cannot exclude high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion"; and d endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ which is now a separate entity. Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and high grade squamous intraepithelial cells remain unchanged. Recommendations have been proposed concerning automated review and ancillary testing.El Sistema Bethesda es un sistema de terminología para informar los resultados de citología cervical. Se inició en 1988 y en la actualidad se usa en todos los Estados Unidos de América. Este sistema se actualizó en abril de 2001. Las modificaciones más importantes son las siguientes: a eliminación de la categoría "satisfactorio pero limitado por", b se reintegraron las modificaciones benignas en la categoría normal, c la categoría "células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado" ahora se denomina "células escamosas atípicas", y se subdivide en "células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado" y "no se puede excluir una lesión escamosa de alto grado", y d adenocarcinoma endocervical in situ, que ahora es una entidad separada. Las lesiones escamosas intraepiteliales de bajo y alto grado quedan sin cambios. Se proponen recomendaciones relacionadas con el uso de la revisión automatizada y la utilización de pruebas auxiliares.

Metástasis en hueso maxilar superior de adenocarcinoma de esófago: presentación de un caso clínico

OpenAIRE

Sánchez Jiménez, Juan; Acebal Blanco, Faustino; Arévalo Arévalo, Rafael; Molina Martínez, Manuel

2005-01-01

Las metástasis en cavidad oral son lesiones raras que representan aproximadamente el 1% de todas las neoplasias malignas de cavidad oral. Las metástasis orales se localizan en un 80-90% en mandíbula, siendo mas raras en maxilar superior. Las metástasis en tejidos blandos de boca son raras, y es encía donde con mayor frecuencia se localizan las metástasis en tejidos blandos en boca. Los tumores primarios que metastatizan a boca son los más frecuentes pulmón, mama y riñón. ...

Las mujeres y los puestos para expatriados en las multinacionales latinoamericanas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edgar E. Chaves Solano

2009-07-01

Full Text Available Una de los aspectos más importantes del mercado laboral mundial en la última mitad del siglo XX ha sido la tasa de participación cada vez mayor de las mujeres en puestos gerenciales. Sin embargo, es evidente, de acuerdo a la investigación existente, que las mujeres no progresan en los puestos de dirección internacional en las mismas tasas que sus homólogos masculinos. Investigaciones anteriores ha estimado que sólo el 3 % de los administradores expatriados son mujeres. Se argumenta que las mujeres en puestos de dirección internacional tienen que superar las barreras abiertas y encubiertas en sus organizaciones antes de ser tomadas en cuenta para asignaciones internacionales. Los estudios mencionados se refieren a los países desarrollados. En el caso de las corporaciones latinoamericanas no se han encontrado estudios teóricos ni empíricos que arrojen luz sobre el tema de la mujer expatriada. El objetivo del presente trabajo es obtener razones y mitos sobre la asignación de las mujeres como expatriadas en los países desarrollados para, en un posterior estudio determinar si esas razones son validas o no con las mujeres expatriadas de las corporaciones de América Latina y que estos resultados ayuden a tomar mejores decisiones a los gerentes cuando tengan que llenar un puesto en el exterior

Prevalence and risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV-infected women in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paula Matos Oliveira

Full Text Available CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV is frequently associated with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. Immunosuppression and high HIV viral load are the main risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of CIN in HIV-infected women in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, and to describe the risk factors in comparison with non-infected women. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at the AIDS Reference Center of Bahia and the Gynecological Outpatient Clinic of Fundação Bahiana para o Desenvolvimento da Ciência, in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. METHODS: Sixty-four HIV-infected women and 76 uninfected women from Salvador were enrolled between May 2006 and May 2007. Associations between CIN and presence of HIV infection, HIV viral load, proportion of T CD4+ lymphocytes and risk factors were evaluated. The independence of the risk factors was investigated using logistic regression. RESULTS: CIN was more prevalent among HIV-infected women than in the control group (26.6% versus 6.6%; P = 0.01. The odds ratio for CIN among HIV-infected women was 3.7 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.23-11; P = 0.01, after adjusting for the following variables: age at first sexual intercourse, number of partners, number of deliveries and previous history of sexually transmitted disease. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of CIN among HIV-infected women was significantly higher than among women without HIV infection. HIV infection was the most important risk factor associated with the development of cervical lesions.

DCLK1 immunoreactivity in colorectal neoplasia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bellows CF

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Giuseppe Gagliardi1, Monica Goswami1, Roberto Passera2, Charles F Bellows11Department of Surgery and Pathology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA; 2Division of Nuclear Medicine Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria San Giovanni Battista, Turin, ItalyIntroduction: Microtubule-associated doublecortin and CaM kinase-like-1 (DCLK1 is a novel candidate marker for intestinal stem cells. The aim of our study was to assess DCLK1 immunoreactivity in colorectal carcinogenesis and its correlation with prognosis.Methods: DCLK1 immunostaining was performed in colorectal tissue from 71 patients, including 18 adenomatous polyps, 40 primary adenocarcinomas, and 14 metastatic lesions. Each case was evaluated by a combined scoring method based on the intensity of staining (score 0–3 and the percentage of tissue staining positive (score 0–3. Immunoexpression for DCLK1 was considered as positive when the combined score was 2–6 and negative with a score of 0–1.Results: Overall, 14/18 (78% of polyps, 30/40 (75% of primary adenocarcinomas, and 7/14 (50% of distant metastases were positive for DCLK1. In adenomatous polyps and primary cancer there was no association between DCLK1 staining score and tumor pathology. However, after curative colorectal cancer resection, patients whose tumor had a high (≥5 combined staining score had increased cancer-specific mortality compared to patients with low (0–4 staining score (hazard ratio 5.89; 95% confidence interval: 1.22–28.47; P = 0.027.Conclusion: We found that DCLK1 is frequently expressed in colorectal neoplasia and may be associated with poor prognosis. Further studies are necessary to validate the use of DCLK1 as a prognostic marker.Keywords: DCLK1, DCAMKL-1, gastrointestinal stem cell, cancer stem cell, adenomatous polyps, liver metastasis, immunohistochemistry

Los que van a morir te saludan: las huellas, las cargas, las historias del cuerpo

OpenAIRE

Toro, Marisel; Serna, Yamid; Suárez, Rútber; Patiño, Ana; Moreno, Andrés

2017-01-01

Tesis (Maestría en Educación y Desarrollo Humano). Universidad de Manizales. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas. CINDE, 2017 Las inquietudes desplegadas en el Programa de Investigación de la Línea en torno a las formas contemporáneas del Juvenicidio y la Necropolítica en Colombia, nos fueron arrojando al enunciado que soporta el título de esta serie: Los que van a morir te saludan. Amparados en el fondo doloroso que emana de esta antigua expresión latina, nosotros encontramos las v...

The negative predictive value of p16INK4a to assess the outcome of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1 in the uterine cervix

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hariri, Jalil; Øster, Anne

2007-01-01

The immunohistochemical expression of p16 in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded histological sections was evaluated in a retrospective study comprising a low-grade group of 100 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, a high-grade group of 50 cases of CIN 2 to 3, and a benign group...

Medical Devices; Hematology and Pathology Devices; Classification of a Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Test System. Final order.

Science.gov (United States)

2018-01-03

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or we) is classifying the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) test system into class II (special controls). The special controls that apply to the device type are identified in this order and will be part of the codified language for the CIN test system's classification. We are taking this action because we have determined that classifying the device into class II (special controls) will provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness of the device. We believe this action will also enhance patients' access to beneficial innovative devices, in part by reducing regulatory burdens.

Radiogenic neoplasia in thyroid and mammary clonogens

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clifton, K.H.

1992-01-01

We have developed rat thyroid and mammary clonogen transplantation systems for the study of radiogenic cancer induction at the target cell level in vivo. The epithelial cell populations of both glands contain small subpopulations of cells which are capable of giving rise to monoclonal glandular structures when transplanted and stimulated with appropriate hormones. Previous results indicated that these clonogens are the precursor cells of radiogenic cancer, and that initiation, is common event at the clonegenic cell level. Detailed information on the physiologic control of clonogen proliferation, differentiation, and total numbers is thus essential to an understanding of the carcinogenic process. We report here studies on investigations on the relationships between grafted thyroid cell number and the rapidity and degree of reestablishment of the thyroid-hypothalamus-pituitary feedback axis in thyroidectomized rats maintained on a normal diet or an iodine deficient diet; studies of the persistence of, and the differentiation potential and functional characteristics of, the TSH-(thyrotropin-) responsive sub- population of clonogens during goitrogenesis, the plateau-phase of goiter growth, and goiter involution; studies of changes in the size of the clonogen sub-population during goitrogenesis, goiter involution and the response to goitrogen rechallenge; and a large carcinogenesis experiment on the nature of the grafted thyroid cell number-dependent suppression of promotion/progression to neoplasia in grafts of radiation-initiated thyroid cells. Data from these studies will be used in the design of future carcinogenesis experiments on neoplastic initiation by high and low LET radiations and on cell interactions during the neoplastic process

Radiogenic neoplasia in thyroid and mammary clonogens

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clifton, K.H.

1991-01-01

We have developed rat thyroid and mammary clonogen transplantation systems for the study of radiogenic cancer induction at the target cell level in vivo. The epithelial cell populations of both glands contain small subpopulations of cells which are capable of giving rise to monoclonal glandular structures when transplanted and stimulated with appropriate hormones. During the end of the last grant year and the first half of the current grant year, we have completed analyses and summarized for publication: investigations on the relationship between grafted thyroid cell number and the rapidity and degree of reestablishment of the thyroid-hypothalamicpituitary axis in thyroidectomized rats maintained on a normal diet or an iodine deficient diet; studies of the persistence of, and the differentiation potential and functional characteristics of, the TSH- (thyrotropin-) responsive sub-population of clonogens during goitrogenesis, the plateau-phase of goiter growth, and goiter involution; studies of changes in the size of the clonogen sub-population during goitrogenesis, goiter involution and the response to goitrogen rechallenge; and the results of the large carcinogenesis experiment on the nature of the grafted thyroid cell number-dependent suppression of promotion/progression to neoplasia in grafts of radiation-initiated thyroid cells. We are testing new techniques for the culture, cytofluorescent analysis and characterization mammary epithelial cells and of clonogens in a parallel project, and plan to apply similar technology to the thyroid epithelial cells and clonogen population. Data from these studies will be used in the design of future carcinogenesis experiments on neoplastic initiation by high and low LET radiations and on cells interactions during the neoplastic process

Cardiac Murmur Prompting Diagnosis of Metastatic Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Testicular Neoplasia in an 18-Year-Old Patient

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Steve Y. Chung

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Most retroperitoneal tumors such as renal cell carcinoma have been associated with tumor thrombus extending into the renal vein, inferior vena cava (IVC, and heart. The retroperitoneal metastatic potential of testicular tumors is well known. We report here the first instance of a cardiac murmur prompting diagnosis of metastatic testicular neoplasia in an 18-year-old patient. Chemotherapy was delayed and after successful surgical resection of the ventricular mass, the patient recovered uneventfully. This case underscores the need to pursue abnormal cardiac exams in newly diagnosed testicular cancer patients.

Riesgo familiar total en familias con mujeres diagnosticadas con neoplasia de mama

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nancy Cecilia Charrys-Bravo

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar el riesgo familiar total de las familias con mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer de mama, que asisten a un centro de salud oncológico en la ciudad de Barranquilla. Materiales y Métodos: El estudio fue de tipo descriptivo, transversal con abordaje cuantitativo. Se utilizó el instrumento Riesgo Familiar Total RFT 5-33. El universo estuvo conformado por familias con mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer en mama. La muestra fue de 41 familias que integraron a 154 miembros; se abordó el estudio de manera censal, y no por medio de una muestra, porque el acceso a la información de la totalidad de las familia fue viable. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que las familias, en su mayoría, son de tipo 2. El 68 % de las pacientes categorizan sus familias como amenazadas, el 5 % como familias de alto riesgo y un 27 % de las familias con un bajo riesgo. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos encontrados en esta investigación son importantes para las familias, lo cual permitirá establecer acciones y actividades que logren orientar e implementar procesos de atención específicos con el propósito de cuidar a las familias para que se mantengan sanos en un nivel de bajo riesgo; además, desarrollar controles y seguimiento a aquellas familias que se encuentran en un riesgo alto de amenazas, mediante acciones de promoción y prevención de la enfermedad de una manera amplia. Por lo anterior, se deben emprender programas más agresivos de prevención y promoción, especialmente con las familias que asisten en busca de apoyo médico para este padecimiento; de esta forma, se podrán diagnosticar los casos de forma temprana y proceder al respectivo tratamiento.

Tumores de glándulas salivales: Su comportamiento en 10 años de trabajo (1993-2002

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Oscar García-Roco Pérez

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de 107 pacientes que fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente debido a afecciones en glándulas salivales, durante un período de 10 años, en el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital Provincial Docente "Manuel Ascunce Domenech" de Camagüey, con el propósito de describir su frecuencia según edad y sexo, comportamiento biológico, localización anatómica y resultado histopatológico. Hubo predominio de las condiciones neoplásicas benignas en la parótida, mientras que en la submandibular se manifestaron con mayor frecuencia los procesos malignos. El adenoma pleomorfo fue el tumor más frecuente entre las neoplasias benignas y el carcinoma mucoepidermoide, el más común entre las malignas.A descriptive study of 107 patients, who had been surgically treated from salivary gland tumors in the Maxillofacial Surgery Department of "Manuel Ascunce Domenech" provincial teaching hospital located in Camagüey during 10 years, was performed to describe the sex and age distribution and frequency of these tumors, their biological behavior, anatomical location and histopathological outcome. It was observed that benign neoplasias predominated in the parotid glands whereas malignant processes developed more often in submandibular glands. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most found tumor among the benign neoplasias and mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the commonest among the malignant processes.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Cervical Neoplasia in Women from a Rural Area of Southern Mozambique

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Clara Menéndez

2010-01-01

Risk factors associated with the presence of some of the STIs were being divorced or widowed, having more than one sexual partner and having the partner living in another area. A higher prevalence was observed in the reproductive age group and some of the STIs were more frequently diagnosed in pregnant women. STI control programs are a priority to reduce the STIs burden, including HIV and cervical neoplasia.

Dejar las lagrimas e ir hacia las acciones

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jeppesen, Anne Marie Ejdesgaard

2015-01-01

Este artículo enfoca en la frontera entre México y los Estados Unidos, las condiciones especiales de la sociedad fronteriza, las economías interconectadas y la violencia, en especial la violencia ejercida contra mujeres y los feminicidios. El artículo discute diferentes perspectivas y maneras de...

Implementación de las TIC como recursos educativos en las aulas

OpenAIRE

Chaves Montero, Alfonso

2018-01-01

El presente estudio examina los usos y experiencias de alumnos y docentes en relación a las redes sociales y las TIC a partir de una propuesta de implementación de un espacio virtual y recursos digitales para la formación, innovación, investigación y consolidación de conocimientos a través de participación activa por parte de los alumnos y docentes. La propuesta refleja la realidad social del uso de las redes sociales y las TIC tanto dentro como fuera de las aulas como nueva...

Las denominaciones de las ocupaciones

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jesus Emilio Castañeda

1990-04-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN El propósito de este artículo, es mostrar al lector la forma como en nuestro ámbito existen diversos factores que han permitido la proliferación de maneras de llamar las ocupaciones. Aspectos regionales, la tradición, clases de organización, situaciones románticas, adjetivización de los cargos, peyorización  son entre otras razones que han generado  la creación de serie de sinónimos, de las ocupaciones, objeto de estudio de la sociologia del trabajo y de la administración de los recursos humanos.

Caracterização das quedas de pacientes segundo notificação em boletins de eventos adversos Caracterización de las caídas de pacientes de acuerdo a las notificaciones en boletines de eventos adversos Characterization of patient falls according to the notification in adverse event reports

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Miriam Cristina Marques da Silva de Paiva

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Este estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de caracterizar as quedas de pacientes internados ocorridas em hospital terciário. Foram analisados 826 Boletins de Notificação de Eventos Adversos, de um período de 30 meses, que registraram 0,30 quedas por 1000 pacientes/dia. Quedas do leito foram mais frequentes (55%, com maior prevalência na enfermaria de neurologia. Maior frequência de quedas foi verificada no período noturno (63,7%, nos primeiros cinco dias da admissão (61,7%, nos pacientes de sexo masculino (57,5% e na faixa etária maior de 60 anos (50%. Nos casos de quedas do leito, os diagnósticos relacionaram-se a doenças infecciosas e parasitárias (18,2%, doenças do sistema nervoso (18,2% e doenças do aparelho circulatório (13,7%. Nas quedas da própria altura, os diagnósticos relacionaram-se a neoplasias (19,4% e doenças do aparelho geniturinário (16,1%. A caracterização desses eventos adversos auxilia no reconhecimento dos grupos de maior risco e na elaboração de propostas preventivas.Esta investigación fue desarrollada con el objetivo de verificar las características de las caídas sufridas por pacientes internados en un hospital privado. Fueron analizados 826 Boletines de Notificación de Eventos Adversos, en un período de 30 meses. Fueron registradas 0,30 caídas por cada 1000 pacientes/día. Las caídas de la cama fueron las más frecuentes (55%, con mayor prevalencia en la Enfermería de Neurología. Se verificó una mayor frecuencia de caídas en el período nocturno (63,7%, durante los primeros cinco días de admisión (61,7%, en los pacientes de sexo masculino (57,5% y en la faja etaria de mayores de 60 años (50%. En los casos de caídas de la cama, los diagnósticos se relacionaban con enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias (18,2%, enfermedades del sistema nervioso (18,2% y enfermedades del aparato circulatorio (13,7%. En las caídas directas del cuerpo, se encontró relación con las neoplasias (19,4% y

Dermatomyositis as the first manifestation of small cell carcinoma: case report and literature review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Herman Ahumada Piña

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Resumen La dermatomiositis es una miopatía inflamatoria autoinmune, asociada a manifestaciones dermatológicas. Su vinculación con neoplasias está ampliamente reportada, siendo más común en el cáncer pulmonar, especialmente en carcinoma de células pequeñas probablemente por su origen en precursores de células neuroendocrinas, así como también en cáncer de mama y ovario. La baja frecuencia de dermatomiositis dificulta la sospecha de las lesiones subyacentes entre las posibilidades diagnósticas de las enfermedades sistémicas con manifestaciones cutáneas. Por ello siempre se debe considerar la alta probabilidad de una neoplasia, con reportes de hasta 75% en la población oriental y cerca de 40% en general. En este artículo se presenta un caso poco frecuente de dermatomiositis con lesiones de distribución en chal, como debut sintomático de un carcinoma pulmonar de células pequeñas.

LA PARTICIPACIÓN DE LAS FAMILIAS EN LAS ESCUELAS TIC: ANÁLISIS Y REFLEXIONES EDUCATIVAS

OpenAIRE

Mª Carmen Aguilar Ramos; Juan J. Leiva Olivencia

2012-01-01

Las experiencias de participación de la familia en la escuela cobran un nuevo significado con las posibilidades que ofrecen las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC). El presente trabajo aborda algunas de las experiencias que se están desarrollando para implicar a las familias en los centros. Las páginas webs de los centros, la creación de comunidades de aprendizaje y de redes sociales, las tutorías virtuales, los cursos E-learning son algunas de las ofertas novedosas que pode...

Bibliotecas accesibles para todos: pautas para acercar las bibliotecas a las personas con discapacidad y a las personas mayores

OpenAIRE

Centro Estatal de Autonomía Personal y Ayudas Técnicas

2008-01-01

El fuerte componente social, educativo y cultural de las bibliotecas las convierte en instituciones clave para conseguir la plena integración de las personas en situación de vulnerabilidad. Sin embargo, para poder considerar que las bibliotecas son accesibles a toda la sociedad, la persona ha de tener a su alcance todos los servicios y productos culturales que en ellas se ofrecen. Con este objetivo, el Ministerio de Educación, Política Social y Deporte, a través del CEAPAT-IMSERSO, ha present...

LAS ALFABETIZACIONES POSMODERNAS, LAS PUGNAS CULTURALES Y LOS NUEVOS SIGNIFICADOS DE LA CIUDADANIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

JORGE A. HUERGO

1998-01-01

Full Text Available En el trabajo se pasa revista a las vinculaciones entre las alfabetizaciones moderna y posmoderna con las culturales que ellas producen y por las que son producidas. La noción de Alfabetizaciones Posmodernas se describe como correlativa de conflictos culturales que se juegan en los ámbitos educativos. Luego se presentan las narrativas político-culturales dominantes, en relación con el problema de la alfabetización y los modelos de ciudadanía, para finalmente mostrar algunos aspectos de una construcción narrativa poscolonial que enmarque las relaciones entre alfabetizaciones posmodernas y formación ciudadana.

Las actitudes hacia las lenguas y el aprendizaje lingüístico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Judit JANÉS CARULLA

2006-01-01

Full Text Available En el aprendizaje de segundas o terceras lenguas se debe destacar el importante papel que juegan las actitudes lingüísticas. En este artículo, en primer lugar nos acercamos conceptualmente a este tipo de actitudes para después centrarnos en cómo los factores actitudinales y motivacionales influyen en el aprendizaje lingüístico. De acuerdo con lo expuesto y siguiendo la terminología de Lambert, en segundo lugar nos detenemos en cómo el tipo de motivación que tienen los sujetos (instrumental o de integración determina su grado de competencia lingüística y en cómo las actitudes presentes en la familia influyen en las actitudes que desarrollan estos sujetos hacia las otras comunidades lingüísticas. Repasamos también el debate existente entorno a toda esta temática, y subrayamos las principales variables que pueden originar o cambiar las actitudes lingüísticas, realzando el papel de la familia, la escuela y los mass media. Finalmente, resumimos brevemente un estudio centrado en las actitudes ante las lenguas de los escolares de origen inmigrante en Cataluña.

Las mujeres en el mercado de trabajo de las tecnologías

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana M. González Ramos

2017-01-01

Full Text Available El mercado laboral tecnológico, donde las mujeres son minoría, representa una oportunidad para el empleo en España. Este trabajo analiza los datos de la Encuesta de Población Activa (EPA respecto a la población ocupada en el sector tecnológico. En primer lugar, se analiza la segregación de género de la población ocupada según sectores económicos y, en segundo lugar, las características de empleo de las mujeres ocupadas en el sector tecnológico. Los resultados indican que las mujeres disponen de buenas expectativas laborales en este sector, pero también indican que sufren un mayor riesgo de sobrecualificación, lo que sugiere la persistencia de factores de discriminación. Por último, las mujeres expresan mayor preocupación que sus colegas hombres respecto a las excesivas jornadas laborales, lo que plantea la necesidad de afrontar un cambio estructural en las organizaciones.

LA ENFERMERÍA COMO GRUPO OPRIMIDO: LAS VOCES DE LAS PROTAGONISTAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jose Luis Medina Moya

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Es un estudio etnográfico que tuvo como objetivo analizar las relaciones de poder y dominación desde la perspectiva freireana en la enseñanza de la enfermería y su repercusión en la conformación de una identidad profesional subordinada. Participaron docentes y estudiantes de una de las escuelas universitarias de enfermería españolas y enfermeras asistenciales. Los datos fueron obtenidos por triangulación de métodos: observación participante y no participante y entrevistas. Se registraron en un cuaderno de notas de campo o en cinta magnetofonica y se analizaron mediante el método de las comparaciones constantes. Los resultados muestran mecanismos mediante los cuales las ideologías dominantes en la formación de profesionales de la salud dan forma y contenido a la subjetividad de profesoras y estudiantes dirigiéndolas hacia la conformidad y subordinación para con las prácticas establecidas en las instituciones sanitárias.

Disease course and management strategy of pouch neoplasia in patients with underlying inflammatory bowel diseases.

Science.gov (United States)

Wu, Xian-Rui; Remzi, Feza H; Liu, Xiu-Li; Lian, Lei; Stocchi, Luca; Ashburn, Jean; Shen, Bo

2014-11-01

To evaluate the disease course and management strategy for pouch neoplasia. Patients undergoing ileal pouch surgery for underlying ulcerative colitis who developed low-grade dysplasia (LGD), high-grade dysplasia, or adenocarcinoma in the pouch were identified. All eligible 44 patients were evaluated. Of the 22 patients with initial diagnosis of pouch LGD, 6 (27.3%) had persistence or progression after a median follow-up of 9.5 (4.1-17.6) years. Family history of colorectal cancer was shown to be a risk factor associated with persistence or progression of LGD (P = 0.03). Of the 12 patients with pouch high-grade dysplasia, 5 (41.7%) had a history of (n = 2, 16.7%) or synchronous (n = 4, 33.3%) pouch LGD. Pouch high-grade dysplasia either persisted or progressed in 3 patients (25.0%) after the initial management, during a median time interval of 5.4 (2.2-9.2) years. Of the 14 patients with pouch adenocarcinoma, 12 (85.7%) had a history of (n = 2, 14.3%) or synchronous dysplasia (n = 12, 85.7%). After a median follow-up of 2.1 (0.6-5.2) years, 6 patients with pouch cancer (42.9%) died. Comparison of patients with a final diagnosis of pouch adenocarcinoma (14, 32.6%), and those with dysplasia (29, 67.4%) showed that patients with adenocarcinoma were older (P = 0.04) and had a longer duration from IBD diagnosis or pouch construction to the detection of pouch neoplasia (P = 0.007 and P = 0.0013). The risk for progression of pouch dysplasia can be stratified. The presence of family history of colorectal cancer seemed to increase the risk for persistence or progression for patients with pouch LGD. The prognosis for pouch adenocarcinoma was poor.

Las incubadoras de las empresas de Quebec

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bernardo Parra Restrepo

1993-01-01

Full Text Available Este articulo contiene información de las incubadoras de empresas especialmente aquellas encontradas en Quebec. A través de los 80's, el concepto de incubadoras de empresas fue introducido en América por expertos en el desarrollo económico. Sus metas fueron el estudio de los efectos del desempleo resultante de la quiebra de plantas industriales o del uso del proceso de producción automático por parte de las grandes compañías. Además se esperaba crear empleo para los inmigrantes. El campo más prometedor de estas experiencias se encuentra en el desarrollo de alta tecnología industrial, especialmente en electrónica, microprocesadores y software para sistemas de computación. Esta área también cubre las industrias innovadoras.

Nuevos discursos sobre las ciudades, los municipios y las mujeres

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana María Goetschel

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Escritora y activista feminista. Estudió Literatura y Periodismo en la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú y se gradúo de Magíster en Política Social por la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Por espacio de más de dos décadas se desempeña como profesora en el Diploma de Estudios de Género de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú y como consultora de proyectos de desarrollo en las áreas de planificación, evaluación institucional y enfoque de género para diversas agencias internacionales de cooperación en Perú y otros países de América Latina. Es Investigadora asociada y miembro del Consejo Directivo del Centro Peruano de Estudios Sociales (CEPES. Maruja Barrig acredita un vasto trabajo de investigación sobre empleo femenino, desarrollo local y organizaciones de mujeres. En una reciente conferencia “Nuevos discursos sobre las ciudades, los municipios y las mujeres” , esta investigadora peruana hizo un balance sobre las formas en que el género ha sido incorporado en las prácticas de desarrollo y las consecuencias que conlleva este tipo de intervención para el avance de la agenda del feminismo crítico. Sobre este y otros temas relacionados con su trayectoria intelectual y la acción del movimiento de mujeres en el contexto político actual de las sociedades latinoamericanas, dialogamos con Maruja Barrig.

Endoscopia respiratória em 89 pacientes com neoplasia pulmonar Respiratory endoscopy in 89 patients of lung neoplasms

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

PAULO JOSÉ LORENZONI

2001-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: As neoplasias pulmonares são uma das mais freqüentes causas de mortalidade no Brasil. Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar o diagnóstico dessas neoplasias através da fibrobroncoscopia. Método: Foram analisados, retrospectivamente, 89 pacientes no período de cinco anos, divididos em dois grupos: grupo 1 (n = 53 -- presença de lesão visível à endoscopia, grupo 2 (n = 36 -- ausência de lesões na endoscopia. Na revisão dos prontuários retiraram-se os dados epidemiológicos, os achados endoscópicos, os exames cito e anatomopatológicos, bem como o exame que proporcionou o diagnóstico final. Resultados: Os achados endoscópicos indiretos de neoplasia corresponderam a 59,5% e a presença de tumor na luz brônquica a 48,8%. O tipo histológico mais freqüente foi o carcinoma epidermóide (59,5%, seguido do adenocarcinoma (15,7%, carcinoma indiferenciado de pequenas células (10,1% e outros (14,7%. Nos tumores visíveis ou não na endoscopia o estudo anatomopatológico da biópsia brônquica e/ou da citopatologia do lavado e do escovado brônquico mostrou sensibilidade de 83,1% no diagnóstico de neoplasia pulmonar. Quando a lesão era visível à inspeção endoscópica, a sensibilidade atingiu percentual de 96,2%, sendo a biópsia positiva em 94,2% e a citologia em 43,75%. Quando não se observava lesão brônquica o rendimento foi sensivelmente menor (63,8%: a biópsia mostrou percentual de 72,7% e a citopatologia de 38,4%. As complicações menores decorrentes do exame endoscópico ocorreram em 11,2% dos pacientes; não ocorreram complicações graves. Conclusão: A fibrobroncoscopia foi um excelente método para investigação de pacientes com suspeita de neoplasia pulmonar com sensibilidade de 83,1%; sua sensibilidade foi maior nas lesões visíveis. Nas lesões não visíveis a sensibilidade aumentou com a biópsia endobrônquica.Objectives: Lung neoplasms are one of the most common causes of mortality in Brazil

Neoplasia no sítio da colostomia: relato de três casos e revisão da literatura

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Valdemir José Alegre Salles

2006-03-01

Full Text Available Carcinomas raramente ocorrem no sitio da colostomia. O risco para o desenvolvimento de neoplasia maligna é semelhante a qualquer outro segmento colônico, porém se a ressecção inicial foi devida a câncer, há um significativo aumento na incidência de tumor metacrônico quando comparado à população em geral. A incidência do carcinoma metacrônico colônico é geralmente de 3 a 5%. A recorrência do tumor primário, quando associada à ostomia, pode se manifestar com sangramento ou obstrução. Relatamos três doentes com tumor no sitio da colostomia, sua manifestação clínica e a conduta terapêutica adotada.Carcinomas rarely occur at the site of a colostomy. Colostomies are risk for malignancy, just as in any other portion of the colon. If the initial resection was for cancer, then the risk of metachronous colon adenocarcinoma is significantly higher than for the general population. Metachronous colorectal carcinoma occurs from 0.1 to 3.6 percent of patients who undergo surgery for colorectal carcinoma and the recurrence of the primary bowel malignancy that necessitated the stoma may present with signs of bleeding or obstruction. We report three cases of this rare neoplasia occurring at the site of a colostomy, and we review the literature.

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 participates in the regulation of fatty acid synthase expression in colorectal neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, J N; Mahmoud, M A; Han, W F; Ripple, M; Pizer, E S

2000-11-25

Endogenous fatty acid synthesis has been observed in certain rapidly proliferating normal and neoplastic tissues. Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are transcription factors that regulate the expression of lipogenic genes including fatty acid synthase (FAS), the major biosynthetic enzyme for fatty acid synthesis. We have previously shown that SREBP-1, FAS, and Ki-67, a proliferation marker, colocalized in the crypts of the fetal gastrointestinal tract epithelium. This study sought to determine whether SREBP-1 participates in the regulation of proliferation-associated fatty acid synthesis in colorectal neoplasia. An immunohistochemical analysis of SREBP-1, FAS, and Ki-67 expression in 25 primary human colorectal carcinoma specimens showed colocalization in 22 of these. To elucidate a functional linkage between SREBP-1 activation and proliferation-associated FA synthesis, SREBP-1 and FAS content were assayed during the adaptive response of cultured HCT116 colon carcinoma cells to pharmacological inhibition of FA synthesis. Cerulenin and TOFA each inhibited the endogenous synthesis of fatty acids in a dose-dependent manner and each induced increases in both precursor and mature forms of SREBP-1. Subsequently, both the transcriptional activity of the FAS promoter in a luciferase reporter gene construct and the FAS expression increased. These results demonstrate that tumor cells recognize and respond to a deficiency in endogenous fatty acid synthesis by upregulating both SREBP-1 and FAS expression and support the model that SREBP-1 participates in the transcriptional regulation of lipogenic genes in colorectal neoplasia. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.

Pharmacological Intervention through Dietary Nutraceuticals in Gastrointestinal Neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Ullah, Mohammad F; Bhat, Showket H; Husain, Eram; Abu-Duhier, Faisel; Hadi, S M; Sarkar, Fazlul H; Ahmad, Aamir

2016-07-03

Neoplastic conditions associated with gastrointestinal (GI) tract are common worldwide with colorectal cancer alone accounting for the third leading rate of cancer incidence. Other GI malignancies such as esophageal carcinoma have shown an increasing trend in the last few years. The poor survival statistics of these fatal cancer diseases highlight the need for multiple alternative treatment options along with effective prophylactic strategies. Worldwide geographical variation in cancer incidence indicates a correlation between dietary habits and cancer risk. Epidemiological studies have suggested that populations with high intake of certain dietary agents in their regular meals have lower cancer rates. Thus, an impressive embodiment of evidence supports the concept that dietary factors are key modulators of cancer including those of GI origin. Preclinical studies on animal models of carcinogenesis have reflected the pharmacological significance of certain dietary agents called as nutraceuticals in the chemoprevention of GI neoplasia. These include stilbenes (from red grapes and red wine), isoflavones (from soy), carotenoids (from tomatoes), curcuminoids (from spice turmeric), catechins (from green tea), and various other small plant metabolites (from fruits, vegetables, and cereals). Pleiotropic action mechanisms have been reported for these diet-derived chemopreventive agents to retard, block, or reverse carcinogenesis. This review presents a prophylactic approach to primary prevention of GI cancers by highlighting the translational potential of plant-derived nutraceuticals from epidemiological, laboratory, and clinical studies, for the better management of these cancers through consumption of nutraceutical rich diets and their intervention in cancer therapeutics.

Las Sinapsis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Eduardo Duque Parra

1997-12-01

Full Text Available

Introducción

El estudio del sistema nervioso considera entre múltiples conexiones, aquéllas de carácter bioquímico que se median a través de sustancias elaboradas por las neuronas y que reciben la denominación de neurotransmisores’, dichas sustancias se vierten en las zonas de resquicio neuromuscular, neuroneuronal o neuroglandular, para modificar las condiciones de membrana y permitir la continuidad de los potenciales de acción (por creación de nuevos potenciales en las células subsiguientes, de la neurona hacia el órgano blanco.

La integridad de los diversos elementos de la “zona de unión funcional” o sinapsis, asegura la adecuada comunicación entre el sistema nervioso y la mayoría de los elementos restantes del organismo humano.

Las alteraciones de los elementos de las sinapsis, conllevan a la génesis de estados variables fisiológicos y patológicos somáticos, psicosomáticos o psíquicos, inconsecuentes con el estado de homeostasis.

Las moléculas que se vierten en las hendiduras sinápticas, sirven, por tanto, de transductoras para efectos elementales (como los reflejos y en las estrategias complejas (como los de la actividad intelectual.

Antecedentes

Ya desde los tiempos de Galeno, se sabía que los nervios eran los responsables de la rápida comunicación entre el cuerpo y el cerebro; el estudio de las sinapsis nos remonta de manera indirecta a
1791, fecha en la que Luigi Galvani, descubrió en sus experimentos con ancas de ranas, que entre los eventos eléctricos y los ocurridos en los nervios, existía una relación evidente (28,37,45’, los experimentos de Galvani se han refinado con el paso del tiempo, en nuestro siglo por ejemplo, el desarrollo del osciloscopio de rayos catódicos combinado con un amplificador potente, ha permitido medir las débiles y variables corrientes bioeléctricas de los

The impact of written information and counseling (WOMAN-PRO II Program) on symptom outcomes in women with vulvar neoplasia: A multicenter randomized controlled phase II study.

Science.gov (United States)

Raphaelis, Silvia; Mayer, Hanna; Ott, Stefan; Mueller, Michael D; Steiner, Enikö; Joura, Elmar; Senn, Beate

2017-07-01

To determine whether written information and/or counseling based on the WOMAN-PRO II Program decreases symptom prevalence in women with vulvar neoplasia by a clinically relevant degree, and to explore the differences between the 2 interventions in symptom prevalence, symptom distress prevalence, and symptom experience. A multicenter randomized controlled parallel-group phase II trial with 2 interventions provided to patients after the initial diagnosis was performed in Austria and Switzerland. Women randomized to written information received a predefined set of leaflets concerning wound care and available healthcare services. Women allocated to counseling were additionally provided with 5 consultations by an Advanced Practice Nurse (APN) between the initial diagnosis and 6months post-surgery that focused on symptom management, utilization of healthcare services, and health-related decision-making. Symptom outcomes were simultaneously measured 5 times to the counseling time points. A total of 49 women with vulvar neoplasia participated in the study. Symptom prevalence decreased in women with counseling by a clinically relevant degree, but not in women with written information. Sporadically, significant differences between the 2 interventions could be observed in individual items, but not in the total scales or subscales of the symptom outcomes. The results indicate that counseling may reduce symptom prevalence in women with vulvar neoplasia by a clinically relevant extent. The observed group differences between the 2 interventions slightly favor counseling over written information. The results justify testing the benefit of counseling thoroughly in a comparative phase III trial. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Aborto en las adolescentes

OpenAIRE

Cedeño Donet, Marisel; García García, María T; Jímenez Mendeliú, Irene M

2000-01-01

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal sobre el comportamiento del aborto en la población adolescente del territorio occidental de la provincia de Camagüey, desde enero de 1997 hasta agosto de 1998. Se encontró que el 26, 2 % de las jóvenes se realizó un aborto, las regulaciones menstruales fueron el 47, 6 %, el 25 % de las sepsis posinterrupción correspondió a las adolescentes. Más de la cuarta parte de los abortos realizados en la Provincia corresponde a las menores de 20 años. Cas...

Estudio de las Startups

OpenAIRE

Rodríguez Reina, Cristina

2016-01-01

Este trabajo trata de analizar las pautas a la hora de poner en marcha una startup. Se explica el método que hay que seguir (Lean Startup), se expone una breve biografía de su autor, se muestran las distintas fases por las que atraviesa, las formas de financiación, así como una serie de puntos que servirán de ayuda para adentrarse en este mundo tan novedoso y hasta entonces tan poco conocido, como es el de la startups. Dentro del ámbito de las startups, se explicará el tema ...

La biopsia intraoperatoria en patología oncológica urológica

OpenAIRE

Algaba, F.; Arce, Y.; Santaularia, J.Mª; Villavicencio Mavrich, H.

2007-01-01

Las indicaciones de la biopsia intraoperatoria (BI) en las cirugías por neoplasias urológicas son muy concretas, esto explica que sólo representen un 7´3% de las BI en los hospitales generales y motiva que se conozca de una forma precisa su utilidad, siendo éste el motivo la revisión que presentamos. En términos generales no está justificada la BI para identificar la naturaleza de una masa tumoral, a excepción de: 1) Las masas renales con dudas sobre el origen parenquimatoso o en vías urinari...

Patología Linfática

OpenAIRE

Ponzinibbio, Carlos; Lima, María Silvia

2017-01-01

Se presenta en modo esquemático la patología del Sistema Linfoide con exclusión de las leucemias. Se repasan las bases de la ontogenia linfoide. Se presenta en forma esquemática la patología no neoplásica, aguda y crónica. Como protipo de sindrome linfoproliferativo benigno se presenta la mononucleosis infecciosa. Se presentan los fundamentos de la génesis de las neoplasias sólidas del tejido linfático: los linfomas. Se mencionan las traslocaciones como alteraciones genéticas más frecuentes p...

Las transformaciones regionales de las economías campesinas en Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vargas Velásquez Alejo

1990-12-01

Full Text Available

La dinámica de las relaciones sociales que articulan a las economías campesinas en Colombia es el objeto de este articulo. Para explicar la importancia de esta forma de producción en el mundo rural se contemplan dos dimensiones de análisis: la dimensión regional, que busca dar cuenta de las especificidades de la estructura agraria colombiana. Aquí se consideran los casos particulares de la comarca de la Región de Los Andes Orientales (Mílga y Duitama y dos comarcas de la región Valle-Tolima-Huila (Cali y Tuluá. En segundo lugar se considera la dimensión histórica, la cual permite apreciar las transformaciones sufridas por las economías campesinas en cada espacio regional. El rango histórico escogido considera los últimos cincuenta años dado que es en este periodo donde se observan los procesos más significativos de penetración del capital en el campo colombiano. Se presentan los elementos cualitativos más relevantes de los procesos acaecidos en las economías campesinas de las comarcas arriba mencionadas presentando, en segundo lugar, una síntesis interpretativa de los factores más significativos que han influenciado estas transformaciones. Se concluye fijando una posición en referencia a los debates descritos y, sugiriendo algunos puntos que buscan aportar a la creación de un nuevo contexto económico y social que faculte el desarrollo de las economías campesinas en Colombia.

De las utopías socialistas a las utopías patronales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

JOSÉ SIERRA ÁLVAREZ

1984-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo es una parte de un trabajo más extenso que prentende elaborar un modelo interpretativo de las estrategias de gestión de los empresarios durante las primeras fases del capitalismo industrial. Las instituciones paternalistas de los empresarios (vivienda, asistencia sanitaria, tiendas con descuento, etc. se estudian en términos de disciplina, formación para la producción y control político de la fuerza de trabajo. Se intenta demostrar que hay una continuidad genealógica entre los propósitos de las comunidades utópicas de principios del siglo XIX y las comunidades de trabajadores creadas por los empresarios en la segunda mitad de dicho siglo. Se indica cómo dicha continuidad sólo pudo producirse debido a la revisión y distorsión que las teorías de los socialistas utópicos sufrieron por parte de sus seguidores.

USOS DE LAS PALMAS EN LAS TIERRAS BAJAS DEL PACÍFICO COLOMBIANO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

EVA DOLORES LEDEZMA-RENTERÍA

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Con el fin de evaluar el conocimiento sobre usos de las palmas en el Pacífico colombiano, para orientar las investigaciones futuras y para definir patrones generales de uso en la región, estudiamos las fuentes de información que documentan usos en esta región. Se registraron 90 tipos de usos en 52 especies de palmas útiles en el Pacífico, que equivalen al 61 % de las palmas que crecen en la región. Los usos se agruparon en ocho categorías de uso y 30 subcategorías; las categorías de uso más importantes fueron construcción, utensilios y herramientas, y alimentación humana. Las especies que registraron mayor número de usos fueron Bactris gasipaes, Astrocaryum standleyanum, Oenocarpus bataua, Euterpe oleracea, Oenocarpus minor, Cocos nucifera, Attalea cuatrecasana, Iriartea deltoidea, Desmoncus cirrhifer y Wettinia quinaria.

[Local treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with a 5 percent fluorouracil ointment].

Science.gov (United States)

Barten, G

1987-01-01

The results of treatment of histologically proven cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in 10 women are described. Two of them had CIN I and 8 CIN III. All patients had a application of 5 g 5 per cent 5-fluorouracil cream in a cervical cup daily over a period of 12 hours for one week. All 10 patients have been examined colposcopically, cytological and by biopsy following therapy. In 8 women cone biopsie were done 6-12 months afterwards for having a final diagnosis 2 patients having CIN I pretherapeutically were follow up for 16 months with cytology, colposcopy and punch biopsy. In 6 cases we found better findings (Twice complete healing, twice only CIN I and twice CIN II as residues). In 4 cases severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ could be found in endocervix. Based on these results were recommended more (not only one) treatment cycles for local efficient chemotherapy using 5 per cent 5-fluorouracil cream.

El outsourcing en el desempeño de las exportaciones de las empresas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sergio Garcilazo Lagunes

2012-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se examina el efecto del outsourcing en el desempeño de las exportaciones de las empresas. El análisis se basa en las teorías de los negocios internacionales y el punto de vista de los recursos y la economía de los costos de transacción, según los cuales el outsourcing en el extranjero ayuda a las empresas -directa o indirectamente- a exportar más, a reducir sus costos de producción y a aumentar la flexibilidad de la empresa; además, puede proporcionar nuevos recursos y conocimientos del mercado. Sin embargo, el impacto del outsourcing internacional depende de los recursos y las capacidades de las empresas para gestionar una red de proveedores extranjeros y para absorber los conocimientos extranjeros. Usando una base de datos de alrededor de mil empresas de fabricación en México de 2007, se encontró que las operaciones de outsourcing en el extranjero aumenta el rendimiento de la exportación, los efectos son más fuertes en los mercados de exportación de donde las empresas importan los bienes intermedios. Los resultados también muestran que el tamaño de la empresa, la organización de las importaciones intrafirma y la experiencia en la exportación moderan los efectos del outsourcing de manera positiva. Estos resultados tienen implicaciones para las empresas y los políticos responsables del diseño de políticas.

Functioning glucagonoma associated with primary hyperparathyroidism: multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or incidental association?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Erdas, Enrico; Mariotti, Stefano; Pomata, Mariano; Aste, Nicola; Pilloni, Luca; Nicolosi, Angelo; Licheri, Sergio; Cappai, Antonello; Mastinu, Marco; Cetani, Filomena; Pardi, Elena

2012-01-01

Diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is commonly based on clinical criteria, and confirmed by genetic testing. In patients without known MEN1-related germline mutations, the possibility of a casual association between two or more endocrine tumors cannot be excluded and subsequent management may be difficult to plan. We describe a very uncommon case of functioning glucagonoma associated with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) in which genetic testing failed to detect germline mutations of MEN-1 and other known genes responsible for MEN1. The patient, a 65-year old woman, had been suffering for more than 1 year from weakness, progressive weight loss, angular cheilitis, glossitis and, more recently, skin rashes on the perineum, perioral skin and groin folds. After multidisciplinary investigations, functioning glucagonoma and asymptomatic pHPT were diagnosed and, since family history was negative, sporadic MEN1 was suspected. However, genetic testing revealed neither MEN-1 nor other gene mutations responsible for rarer cases of MEN1 (CDKN1B/p27 and other cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor genes CDKN1A/p15, CDKN2C/p18, CDKN2B/p21). The patient underwent distal splenopancreatectomy and at the 4-month follow-up she showed complete remission of symptoms. Six months later, a thyroid nodule, suspected to be a malignant neoplasia, and two hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands were detected respectively by ultrasound with fine needle aspiration cytology and 99m Tc-sestamibi scan with SPECT acquisition. Total thyroidectomy was performed, whereas selective parathyroidectomy was preferred to a more extensive procedure because the diagnosis of MEN1 was not supported by genetic analysis and intraoperative intact parathyroid hormone had revealed “adenoma-like” kinetics after the second parathyroid resection. Thirty-nine and 25 months after respectively the first and the second operation, the patient is well and shows no signs or symptoms of recurrence. Despite

Imunomarcação da transição epitélio-mesenquima na neoplasia mamária primária de cadelas e sua metástaseem linfonodo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Larissa Fernandes Magalhães

Full Text Available RESUMO: Os carcinomas mamários em cães apresentam alta capacidade metastática o que confere menor sobrevida para os pacientes com este tipo de neoplasia. O fenótipo transição epitélio-mesênquima, caracterizado pela troca dos filamentos intermediários de citoqueratina por vimentina, além da perda da proteína de adesão entre células (E-caderina está relacionado com a maior ocorrência de metástase. Diante disto, objetivou-se avaliar, por meio de imunomarcações, a expressão de vimentina, citoqueratina e E-caderina nos tumores mamários caninos e suas metástases em linfonodo, a fim de avaliar o comportamento celular frente a esta neoplasia. Foram analisados cinco casos de neoplasias mamárias primárias caninas e suas respectivas metástases em linfonodos. Foram comparadas as médias de imunomarcações do grupo de neoplasias primárias com as médias do grupo metástase. Não houve diferença estatística nas imunomarcações da citoqueratina (p=0,1407 e E-caderina (p= 0,312 entre os grupos, apesar da média de expressão da E-caderina ter sido maior no grupo de metástases. A expressão da vimentina foi maior nos sítios das metástases (p=0,0462. Conclui-se que a expressão de vimentina aumenta no foco da metástase em relação aos seus respectivos tumores primários mamários caninos, caracterizando alteração estrutural celular, conferindo um fenótipo transição epitélio-mesênquima. Além da E-caderina apresentar fortes indícios de aumento no foco da metástase caracterizando maior adesão.

Diagnóstico de masas intracraneales primarias por medio imagenológicos Diagnosis of intracranial masses using imaging techniques

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Samael Suero Almonte

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y transversal que incluyó a los pacientes operados de neoplasia del sistema nervioso central intracraneal en el Hospital General Docente "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado " de la provincia Pinar del Río, durante el período comprendido desde el 1 de enero de 2010 hasta el 31 de diciembre del mismo año. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes egresados a los que se les había realizado tomografía computarizada o resonancia magnética y poseían diagnóstico histológico postoperatorio de neoplasia primaria del sistema nervioso central (SNC intracraneal. Se concluyó que las neoplasias primarias fueron más frecuentes en el sexo femenino y en grupo de edad de 70 años y más. Las localizaciones más frecuentes de las neoplasias primarias del sistema nervioso central fueron las masas intraaxiales y supratentoriales y el tipo histológico más prevalente fue el glioma. Todas se comportaron imagenológicamente captantes de contraste, con poca hemorragia y calcificación intermediamente con efecto de masa y hipointensas en T1 hiperintensas en T2.A descriptive, longitudinal and cross-sectional study including the patients operated on intracranial central nervous system neoplasm was carried out at "Abel Santamaria Cuadrado" University Hospital, Pinar del Rio during January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010. All patients discharged from the hospital with Computerized Axial Tomography or Magnetic Resonance Imaging and having post-operative histological diagnosis of primary intracranial neoplasm of the central nervous system (CNS were included. Primary neoplasm was the most frequent in female sex and in the age-bracket of 70 years old or older. The most repeated localizations of primary neoplasm in the CNS were in intra-axial and supratentorial masses, glioma was the most prevailing histological type. Contrast examinations could be performed in all masses, presenting not much hemorrhage, with intermediate

Las mujeres lacandonas: cambios recientes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucie Nečasová

2010-08-01

Full Text Available El artículo se enfoca en los cambios en la vida de las mujeres lacandonas contemporáneas. Analiza cómo se han modificado el modo de la vida, las costumbres y las relaciones de la mujer dentro de las propias familias pero también dentro de la sociedad y la comunidad. El objetivo es mostrar los cambios reflejados en la vida de las mujeres de tres generaciones. El estudio está basado en las etnografías disponibles combinadas con el propio trabajo de campo realizado en las comunidades Lacanjá y Nahá en los años 2008 y 2009.

Violencia contra las mujeres: las dimensiones de la desigualdad

OpenAIRE

Ana Isabel Blanco García

2008-01-01

En este número entraremos directamente en el debate acerca de la "Violencia contra las mujeres: las dimensiones de a desigualdad", que desde hace unos años recorre todo el sustrato del pensamiento feminista y del que en buena medida es deudor el propio título de nuestra revista.

The Jak2 Inhibitor, G6, Alleviates Jak2-V617F–Mediated Myeloproliferative Neoplasia by Providing Significant Therapeutic Efficacy to the Bone Marrow

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Annet Kirabo

2011-11-01

Full Text Available We recently developed a Janus kinase 2 (Jak2 small-molecule inhibitor called G6 and found that it inhibits Jak2-V617F– mediated pathologic cell growth in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. However, its ability to inhibit Jak2-V617F–mediated myeloproliferative neoplasia, with particular emphasis in the bone marrow, has not previously been examined. Here, we investigated the efficacy of G6 in a transgenic mouse model of Jak2-V617F–mediated myeloproliferative neoplasia. We found that G6 provided therapeutic benefit to the peripheral blood as determined by elimination of leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, and erythrocytosis. G6 normalized the pathologically high plasma concentrations of interleukin 6 (IL-6. In the liver, G6 eliminated Jak2-V617F–driven extramedullary hematopoiesis. With respect to the spleen, G6 significantly reduced both the spleno-megaly and megakaryocytic hyperplasia. In the critically important bone marrow, G6 normalized the pathologically high levels of phospho-Jak2 and phospho–signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5. It significantly reduced the megakaryocytic hyperplasia in the marrow and completely normalized the M/E ratio. Most importantly, G6 selectively reduced the mutant Jak2 burden by 67% on average, with virtual elimination of mutant Jak2 cells in one third of all treated mice. Lastly, clonogenic assays using marrow stem cells from the myeloproliferative neoplasm mice revealed a time-dependent elimination of the clonogenic growth potential of these cells by G6. Collectively, these data indicate that G6 exhibits exceptional efficacy in the peripheral blood, liver, spleen, and, most importantly, in the bone marrow, thereby raising the possibility that this compound may alter the natural history of Jak2-V617F–mediated myeloproliferative neoplasia.

Neoplasia do Pulmão associada à Tuberculose

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Dionísio

1995-03-01

Full Text Available RESUMO: A tuberculose e o cancro do pulmão são duas entidades clínicas rustintas que podem aparecer em simultâneo, persistindo ainda muitas interrogações quanto à influência mútua de cada uma das entidades nosológicas.Com o objectivo de avaliar a influência da tuberculose na sobrevida dos doentes com cancro do pulmão, procedemos a urn estudo retrospectivo de 81 doentes (70 homens e 11 mulheres com este diagnóstico que foram divididos em três grupos: Grupo I, com antecedentes de tuberculose pulmonar (n=21, Grupo II, com tuberculose activa em simultâneo (n=9 e Grupo III, sem história de tuberculose (n=45.Verificámos que não bavia diferenças significativas entre estes grupos no respeitante à distribuição por sexos, classes etárias, tipos histológicos, estadios anatómicos, terapêuticas efectuadas e resultados destas. Comparando as curvas de sobrevivência verificámos que o Grupo II apresentava uma sobrevida maior do que os restantes, embora estes resultados mereçam algumas reservas dado o pequeno número de doentes neste grupo.Concluímos que a tuberculose não agrava o prognóstico da neoplasia do pulmão, sendo de referir que, na população estudada, a sobrevida dos doentes com tuberculose activa é maior do que a dos doentes com e sem antecedentes de tuberculose. SUMMARY: Tuberculosis and lung cancer are two different diseases which can occur simultaneously, questioning the casuality of the association.To evaluate the influence of tuberculosis in the survival of patients with lung cancer, we reviewed the clinical records of patients with this disease, and divided them into three groups: group I with preceeding tuberculosis (n=21, group n with coexistent active tuberculosis (n=9 and group mwithout past or present tuberculosis (n=45.We found no differences between the groups relating to sex, age, histological type, anatomic stagging, therapeutic

LAS NORMAS JURÍDICAS Y LAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS SOBRE BOSQUES CULTIVADOS EN LAS REGIONES DEL CENTRO Y DE PATAGONIA EN ARGENTINA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. M. MINAVERRY

2017-08-01

Full Text Available El eje central de este trabajo es analizar el nivel de desarrollo de las normas jurídicas, de las políticas públicas, y de la idoneidad de las autoridades de aplicación sobre bosques cultivados, en las regiones del Centro y de la Patagonia en Argentina. Se trata de una investigación de carácter exploratorio, donde se aplicó el método de la hermenéutica jurídica y los indicadores ambientales PER. Se puede concluir que los niveles de desarrollo normativo de las provincias no son uniformes, y que la mayoría de las normas jurídicas y de las políticas públicas tienden a establecer incentivos económicos para aprovechar el efecto del mercado, sin orientarse hacia una protección integral de los ecosistemas boscosos, y que las autoridades de aplicación en su mayoría no son técnicamente adecuadas para eso.

Las Afecciones Prostáticas y su Tratamiento

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Cavelier Gaviria

1993-12-01

Full Text Available

En la actualidad se sabe que el cáncer de la próstata se presenta aproximadamente en el 25% de todos los hombres mayores de 50 años, lo cual significa que esta neoplasia es aún más frecuente que el cáncer del pulmón o del colon. Este aumento y su hallazgo se deben a una mejor metodología para diagnosticar y reportar los casos, lo cual a su vez permite a los hombres vivir hasta una edad más avanzada.

Debido a esto, se recomienda en la actualidad las evaluaciones anuales en todos los hombres mayores de 50 años. Sin embargo, como este cáncer ocurre con más frecuencia en hombres jóvenes de la raza negra, se recomienda que éstos se sometan a una temprana evaluación tan pronto han cumplido los 40 años. Igualmente quienes tienen una historia clínica de cáncer de la próstata en la familia también deben hacerse los debidos controles desde los 40 años.

El cáncer de la próstata a menudo se desarrolla sin que haya síntomas que lo delaten hasta que ya está bastante avanzado. Hasta hace poco, los médicos confiaban en el tacto rectal para detectarlo, pero hoy sabemos que esta prueba no basta ya que la totalidad de la próstata no puede ser examinada exactamente. Aunque las áreas de tejido denso y endurecido suelen revelar la existencia de un tumor, también hay protuberancias anormales que se desarrollan sin que haya cambios en la textura de los tejidos y por ser blandas pueden escapar así al tacto rectal.

Hace tres años comenzó a utilizarse un sencillo análísis de la sangre, el de los antígenos específicos de la próstata. Este análisis mide los niveles de la proteína o enzima prostática que producen tanto las células sanas como las cancerosas. Las células malignas, por naturaleza, se reproducen rápidamente de modo que producen mayores cantidades de antígenos específicos de la próstata, elevando los niveles citados más allá del máximo que se considera normal.

Sin embargo, en los hombres

Humanización de las relaciones interpersonales en las organizaciones

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anabell Montoya Lozano

2006-01-01

Full Text Available A través de la historia los administradores se han dedicado a dirigir las empresas sin tener en cuenta que su componente central y relevante es el hombre, a quien se le ha relegado al plano de recurso, olvidando su humanidad y su complejidad y el hecho de que se compone de elementos racio nales y emotivos que lo hacen único. La motivación principal del hombre es la búsqueda de la felicidad, y puede conseguirla en el entorno empresarial siempre y cuando las organizaciones estén dirigidas por líderes conscientes de la importancia de los seres humanos en las mismas. A pesar de lo anterior, el rol de los administradores se ha destacado por el énfasis en el logro de los objetivos de la empresa y la falta de apoyo al crecimiento personal de los trabajadores. Es el momento de comenzar a cuestionarnos nuestro verdadero papel como rectores de destinos humanos en las organizaciones y de preparar a las nuevas generaciones de administradores para el rescate de la importancia del ser humano al interior de éstas.

Una escuela de todas (las personas) para todas (las personas)

OpenAIRE

Montolio Pastor, Rosa; Cervellera Martínez, Luiso

2008-01-01

Escuela 2 representa una particular manera de entender la educación. Un proyecto educativo nacido de la cooperación entre las personas, concebido para albergar todo un universo de realidades y gestionado de manera colaborativa bajo los principios de la economía social y el movimiento cooperativo. Una escuela de todas, las personas, para todas, las personas. Una escuela decidida a hacer realidad los principios de la inclusión educativa desde el día a día, esforzada por resituar a cada paso su ...

Patología maligna tiroidea. Hospital Sabogal, Callao

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Oré

2004-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar las características clínicas del cáncer de tiroides encontrados en la población del Callao. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Material y Métodos: Se revisó las historias clínicas de las intervenciones quirúrgicas de la glándula tiroides en el Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal Sologuren (HNASS, en el periodo enero de 2000 a diciembre de 2002, cuyo resultado por anatomía patológica fue compatible con neoplasia maligna de dicha glándula. Resultados: Las 45 neoplasias malignas primarias de tiroides encontradas representaron 34,2% de la patología tiroidea operada en el periodo en estudio. El carcinoma papilar se presentó en 100% de los pacientes de sexo masculino y en 82% del sexo femenino; en la mujer, los carcinomas folicular, medular y linfoma representaron 10,3%, 5,1% y 2,6%, respectivamente. El grupo etáreo con mayor incidencia fue entre 50 y 69 años, con una edad promedio de 53 años. Dentro de los diferentes tipos de neoplasias malignas, el más frecuente fue el papilar con 38 casos (84,4%, seguido de los carcinomas folicular y medular con 8,9% y 4,4%, respectivamente. El síntoma más frecuente fue el aumento de volumen (61,5%, seguido de dolor (15,4%, disfagia (10,8% y disfonía (9,2%; 29,6% se encontraba en estadio I y 59,1% en estadio II; sólo 11,4% estaba en estadio III. Conclusiones: El predominio de casos en mujeres del carcinoma papilar y la clínica asociada, fueron acordes con lo descrito en la literatura.

Aprendizaje dialógico en las matemáticas y en las ciencias

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Javier Díez-Palomar

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo aborda la aplicación del aprendizaje dialógico a la enseñanza de las ciencias y de las matemáticas. A partir del análisis de dos estudios de caso desarrollados en dos Comunidades de Aprendizaje, se discuten las implicaciones educativas que tiene el uso de los "grupos interactivos" tal y como se definen (y aplican en las Comunidades de Aprendizaje. Los resultados sugieren que este tipo de funcionamiento transforma las dinámicas del aula, fomenta interacciones basadas en el aprendizaje instrumental y en consecuencia tiene como resultado un mayor aprendizaje de matemáticas y ciencias.

Léxico y variación : las denominaciones de las partes del ojo

OpenAIRE

Julià Luna, Carolina

2007-01-01

En el presente trabajo de investigación se analizan las características etimológicas, semánticas y dialectales del léxico de las partes del ojo a partir de las informaciones léxicas que atesoran los atlas lingüísticos del español, catalán y gallego elaborados en la Península Ibérica. Se estudian individualmente las diferentes designaciones que en las distintas zonas lingüísticas de la Península se recogen en los mapas de cinco conceptos referidos al ojo (la ‘ceja', el ‘párpado', la ‘pestaña',...

Violencia contra las mujeres: las dimensiones de la desigualdad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Isabel Blanco García

2008-12-01

Full Text Available En este número entraremos directamente en el debate acerca de la "Violencia contra las mujeres: las dimensiones de a desigualdad", que desde hace unos años recorre todo el sustrato del pensamiento feminista y del que en buena medida es deudor el propio título de nuestra revista.

Thyroid neoplasia in Marshall Islanders exposed to nuclear fallout

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hamilton, T.E.; van Belle, G.; LoGerfo, J.P.

1987-01-01

We studied the risk of thyroid neoplasia in Marshall Islanders exposed to radioiodines in nuclear fallout from the 1954 BRAVO thermonuclear test. We screened 7266 Marshall Islanders for thyroid nodules; the islanders were from 14 atolls, including several southern atolls, which were the source of the best available unexposed comparison group. Using a retrospective cohort design, we determined the prevalence of thyroid nodularity in a subgroup of 2273 persons who were alive in 1954 and who therefore were potentially exposed to fallout from the BRAVO test. For those 12 atolls previously thought to be unexposed to fallout, the prevalence of thyroid nodules ranged from 0.9% to 10.6%. Using the distance of each atoll from the test site as a proxy for the radiation dose to the thyroid gland, a weighted linear regression showed an inverse linear relationship between distance and the age-adjusted prevalence of thyroid nodules. Distance was the strongest single predictor in logistic regression analysis. A new absolute risk estimate was calculated to be 1100 excess cases/Gy/y/1 X 10(6) persons (11.0 excess cases/rad/y/1 million persons), 33% higher than previous estimates. We conclude that an excess of thyroid nodules was not limited only to the two northern atolls but extended throughout the northern atolls; this suggests a linear dose-response relationship

Predictors of advanced colorectal neoplasia for colorectal cancer screening.

Science.gov (United States)

Wong, Martin C S; Lam, Thomas Y T; Tsoi, Kelvin K F; Chan, Victor C W; Hirai, Hoyee W; Ching, Jessica Y L; Sung, Joseph J Y

2014-05-01

The Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening (APCS) score based on age, gender, family history, and smoking is useful to predict advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN) in asymptomatic Asian subjects. To evaluate the factors in addition to those of APCS associated with ACN colonoscopic findings. Data from 5,220 asymptomatic subjects aged between 50 and 70 years who underwent screening colonoscopy in a community center between 2008 and 2012 were analyzed. One binary logistic regression analysis was conducted in 2013 with the presence of ACN or cancer as the outcome, controlling for APCS score, alcohol consumption, BMI, hypertension, and other chronic diseases as independent variables. The average participant age was 57.7 years (SD=4.9) and 47.5% were men. Advanced neoplasms or cancers were identified at colonoscopy in 5.6% of all screening participants. From multivariate regression analysis, APCS score≥4 (adjusted OR [AOR]=1.74, 95% CI=1.34, 2.25, pstatistic of APCS score alone was 0.560 (95% CI=0.524, 0.595, p=0.001) and that of APCS score plus BMI, hypertension, and alcohol consumption was 0.613 (95% CI=0.578, 0.648, p<0.001). Alcohol consumption, hypertension, and BMI are independent predictors of ACN, which could be incorporated into the APCS for prioritizing Asian asymptomatic subjects for colorectal cancer screening. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Museo de las Ciencias. Centro y Foro Internacional de las Ciencias

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Calatrava Valls, Santiago

2000-12-01

Full Text Available The Museum is located in the far east of Valencia's "Ciudad de las Artes y las Ciencias" Like a big universal exhibition pavilion, a longitudinal building was engendered from the modular development of its transversal section in all length of the assigned plot. The front part acts like final top of the building, symmetrically with a tensional image of subjection of the different modules repeated like side buttres. The building is configurated like a big roof suported, in the north side, by a glassed transparent front and, in the south, by an opaque one, both adapted to the particular sunny conditions due to Valencia's geographycal situation.El edificio del Museo de las Ciencias se sitúa en el extremo Este de la Ciudad de las Artes y las Ciencias de Valencia , A la manera de los grandes pabellones de las exposiciones universales, se genera un edificio longitudinal a partir del desarrollo modular de su sección transversal, en toda la longitud de la parcela asignada. Los testeros asumen su carácter de remate final del edificio de modo simétrico, con una imagen tensión al de sujeción de los distintos módulos, repetidos a la manera de contrafuertes laterales. Así, el edificio se configura como una gran cubierta soportada por una fachada vidriada y transparente al Norte y por una fachada Sur, convenientemente opaca, ambas adaptadas a las particulares condiciones de soleamiento derivadas de la orientación en Valencia,

Relación epitelio-conectivo en la carcinogénesis experimental bucal: variaciones de ploidía epitelial en relación a la expresión del factor de crecimiento fibroblástico-básico y fibrosis

OpenAIRE

Raimondi, Ana Rosa

2003-01-01

El modelo de la bolsa de la mejilla del hámster muy aceptado y utilizado, reproduce la cancerización de la boca humana y una fibrosis subepitelial semejante a la fibrosis de la submucosa. En el se han analizado extensamente las características de los tumores que produce, pero se ha prestado menos atención al estudio de las etapas previas a la aparición de tumores. Las neoplasias que se observan en el modelo se dan en forma focal, precedidas por lesiones pre-malignas muitifocales, en una clara...

REASONS FOR MEDICAL CONSULTATION AND CAUSES OF EUTHANASIA OF DOGS IN MONTEVIDEO CITY (URUGUAY: A SURVEY OF VETERINARY PRACTITIONERS. IMPLICATIONS OF BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J. P. Damián

2012-01-01

Full Text Available En América Latina existe poca información acerca de los motivos frecuentes de consulta médica y eutanasia en perros, así como de las implicaciones de los problemas de com - portamiento. e specialmente en Uruguay no hay información al respecto. e l objetivo de este estudio fue conocer las causas más frecuentes de consulta médica y eutanasia de los perros en la ciudad de Montevideo a través de una encuesta a los médicos veterinarios, y la implicancia de los problemas de comportamiento. s e realizó una encuesta a una muestra aleatoria (n = 100 de médicos veterinarios de clínicas de Montevideo. Las causas más frecuentes de consulta médica por dueños de perros son las afecciones de la piel, seguido de afecciones digestivas y respiratorias, y menos frecuentemente las infecciones, los accidentes y los neoplasias (p < 0,0001. Los problemas de conducta ocupan solo el 1% de los motivos de consulta. Las razones más frecuentes para la eutanasia de perros fueron por edad (ancianos y por neoplasias, seguidas por afecciones renales, infecciones y accidentes (p < 0,0001. s olo el 35% de los veterinarios ha llevado a cabo eutanasias en sus clínicas; entre ellas, la eutanasia por los problemas de conducta representó apenas el 2%. a unque en Uruguay se realizan eutanasias por problemas de comportamiento, las mismas se dan en un muy bajo porcentaje.

Las ruinas y las sombras de Manderley

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Donapetry Camacho, María

2010-02-01

Full Text Available The ruins and the shadows of Manderley explores possible reciprocal interpretative relations between Daphne du Maurier’s novel Rebecca and Alfred Hitchcock’s cinematic version. Some of the relevant aspects considered here are: the treatment of the Derridean “ruins of memory” within the novel and within Hitchcock himself, the differentiation and the confrontation of the protagonist as outsider vis á vis the world of Manderley’s insiders, the iconic and symbolic values of the literary text and its filmic visualization, and the ethical positions implied by the choice or rejection of certain narrative devices in both works.

Las ruinas y las sombras de Manderley aborda posibles relaciones interpretativas recíprocas entre la novela de Daphne du Maurier Rebecca y la película homónima de Alfred Hitchcock. Algunos de los aspectos que se consideran relevantes en este estudio son: el tratamiento de las “ruinas de la memoria” derridianas dentro de la novela y del propio Hitchcock, la diferenciación y el enfrentamiento de la protagonista “externa” con el mundo de los “internos” de Manderley, los valores icónicos y simbólicos del texto literario y de la visualización fílmica, y las posiciones éticas que implican la elección o el rechazo de ciertos recursos narrativos en ambas obras.

Las herramientas del marketing y las tics: su uso en las Pymes para el desarrollo empresarial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dianexy Carreño Villavicencio

2015-12-01

Full Text Available El mundo del marketing ha cambiado significativamente en los últimos años debido, en gran parte, al surgimiento del Internet como herramienta de investigación y búsqueda. Este se ha constituido en uno de los elementos  tecnológicos  más significantes  dentro  del ambiente empresarial. La facilidad que el Internet ofrece a las empresas para acceder a información y proveer datos relacionados  a las transacciones  de negocio,  habilita a dichas empresas  a lograr mayores resultados en su estrategia de marketing. Independientemente del tamaño de la empresa, el Internet ha permitido que estas hayan cambiado la forma de acceder y proveer información.  Este, además,  ha sentado nuevas pautas en la manera de comprar, buscar, recopilar  y aprender.  En este  estudio,  realizado  en  la  ciudad  de  Manta  -  Ecuador,  los resultados demuestran que todas las pymes están conectadas al Internet y solo 3 de cada 10 tienen departamento de marketing  y no emplean adecuadamente  las herramientas que el marketing y las TIC les proporcionan   para alcanzar un mejor desarrollo empresarial. La investigación   realizada   fue cualitativa,   usándose   la   técnica   de   la   encuesta    para  el levantamiento de la información. Por tanto, puede afirmarse que no existe una cultura de marketing en las pymes de la ciudad de Manta - Ecuador. Palabras clave: Generalidades, marketing, publicidad, otros.

Human Papillomavirus prevalence, viral load and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV-infected women

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José E. Levi

Full Text Available HIV-infected women from São Paulo city were enrolled in a cross-sectional study on Human Papillomavirus (HPV and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN prevalence and their association with laboratory markers of AIDS, namely HIV viral load and CD4+ cell counts. A cervical specimen was collected and submitted to Hybrid Capture, a test for HPV viral load determination. HPV-DNA was detected in 173 of 265 women (64.5%. Twenty (7.5% women were infected by one or more low-risk viruses, 89 (33% by one or more high-risk viruses, and 64 (24% harbored at least one HPV type from each risk group. Abnormal smears were observed in 19% of the patients, though there were no invasive carcinomas. Severely immunosuppressed patients (CD4/µL <100 were at the greatest risk of having a cytological abnormality and a high high-risk HPV viral load.

Human Papillomavirus prevalence, viral load and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV-infected women

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Levi José E.

2002-01-01

Full Text Available HIV-infected women from São Paulo city were enrolled in a cross-sectional study on Human Papillomavirus (HPV and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN prevalence and their association with laboratory markers of AIDS, namely HIV viral load and CD4+ cell counts. A cervical specimen was collected and submitted to Hybrid Capture, a test for HPV viral load determination. HPV-DNA was detected in 173 of 265 women (64.5%. Twenty (7.5% women were infected by one or more low-risk viruses, 89 (33% by one or more high-risk viruses, and 64 (24% harbored at least one HPV type from each risk group. Abnormal smears were observed in 19% of the patients, though there were no invasive carcinomas. Severely immunosuppressed patients (CD4/µL <100 were at the greatest risk of having a cytological abnormality and a high high-risk HPV viral load.

Necesidad e importancia de las matemáticas en las Ciencias Económicas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan A Viedma

1997-07-01

Full Text Available Se trata de responder la pregunta: ¿qué función ejercen las matemáticas en las ciencias económicas? Se hace, entonces, un recorrido por las etapas del conocimiento humano: la mítica, la intuitiva, la experimental y la racional y, luego, se describe el proceso de elaboración de un modelo económico abstracto en el que las matemáticas juegan un papel fundamental so pena de que el economista quiera construir una ciencia de juguete. Para apoyar la idea de que las matemáticas son importantes y necesarias en la economía, se presenta un resumen de una encuesta dirigida por Paul Samuelson a economistas notables, publicada en 1954. Los resultados apuntan, precisamente, a señalar que las matemáticas tienen una función fundamental en las Ciencias Económicas.

Las emociones positivas y la empatía como promotores de las conductas prosociales e inhibidores de las conductas agresivas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Cristina Richaud

Full Text Available Resumen El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar qué proporción de variancia de la prosocialidad y de la agresividad predice las emociones positivas (alegría y gratitud, serenidad y satisfacción personal, la empatía (toma de perspectiva y preocupación empática y la autoeficacia social. Dado que existen abundantes investigaciones que muestran que existen diferencias significativas en las conductas prosociales y la agresividad en función del sexo es que estos análisis se realizaron por separados en niños y niñas. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 221 niños, de ambos sexos (42.2 % de varones, de 10 a 13 años (M = 11.45, DE = .80, de clase social media, que concurrían a escuelas primarias de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Los resultados indican que tanto la empatía como las emociones positivas se encuentran involucradas en la predicción de la conducta prosocial, tanto en los niños como en las niñas. Sin embargo, parece claro que en el caso de los niños la empatía tiene una mayor fuerza predictiva que las emociones positivas, a diferencia de las niñas donde ambas variables parecen compartir similar potencia. Por otro lado, la autoeficacia social predice la conducta prosocial solo en la niñas. Por último, los resultados indicaron que tanto la empatía como las emociones positivas inhiben la conducta agresiva solo en las niñas.

Música y experiencia: De las "sociedades primitivas" a las redes sociales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Israel V. Mázquez

2011-05-01

Full Text Available El artículo traza un itinerario circular que parte de la experiencia musical en su sentido tradicional de interacción y actividad grupal, sigue con algunas de las características de la figura moderna del oyente solitario y su relación con el espacio público y privado, y termina con las nuevas tecnologías de la información y las redes sociales de la web 2.0, las cuales hacen posible nuevas formas de interactividad y nuevas maneras de fortalecer los lazos de afiliación y sociabilidad a través de la música, hecho que aquí interpretamos como un retorno a los orígenes grupales y comunitarios de la experiencia musical.

Human Papilloma Virus Infection Does Not Predict Response to Interferon Therapy in Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Galor, Anat; Garg, Nisha; Nanji, Afshan; Joag, Madhura; Nuovo, Gerard; Palioura, Sotiria; Wang, Gaofeng; Karp, Carol L

2015-11-01

To identify the frequency of human papilloma virus (HPV) in ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) and to evaluate differences in clinical features and treatment response of tumors with positive versus negative HPV results. Retrospective case series. Twenty-seven patients with OSSN. Ocular surface squamous neoplasia specimens were analyzed for the presence of HPV. Clinical features and response to interferon were determined retrospectively and linked to the presence (versus absence) of HPV. Clinical characteristics of OSSN by HPV status. Twenty-one of 27 tumors (78%) demonstrated positive HPV results. The HPV genotypes identified included HPV-16 in 10 tumors (48%), HPV-31 in 5 tumors, HPV-33 in 1 tumor, HPV-35 in 2 tumors, HPV-51 in 2 tumors, and a novel HPV in 3 tumors (total of 23 tumors because 1 tumor had 3 identified genotypes). Tumors found in the superior limbus were more likely to show positive HPV results (48% vs. 0%; P=0.06, Fisher exact test). Tumors with positive HPV-16 results were larger (68 vs. 34 mm2; P=0.08, Mann-Whitney U test) and were more likely to have papillomatous morphologic features (50% vs. 12%; P=0.07, Fisher exact test) compared with tumors showing negative results for HPV-16. Human papilloma virus status was not found to be associated with response to interferon therapy (P=1.0, Fisher exact test). Metrics found to be associated with a nonfavorable response to interferon were male gender and tumors located in the superior conjunctivae. The presence of HPV in OSSN seems to be more common in lesions located in the nonexposed, superior limbus. Human papilloma virus presence does not seem to be required for a favorable response to interferon therapy. Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Ophthalmology. All rights reserved.

Human papillomavirus DNA detection in menstrual blood from patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and condyloma acuminatum.

Science.gov (United States)

Wong, Sze Chuen Cesar; Au, Thomas Chi Chuen; Chan, Sammy Chung Sum; Chan, Charles Ming Lok; Lam, Money Yan Yee; Zee, Benny Chung Ying; Pong, Wei Mei; Chan, Anthony Tak Cheung

2010-03-01

The Papanicolaou test generates pain and embarrassment, and cytology screening has limited sensitivity for detection of cervical neoplasia. These factors urge the use of another screening test that can overcome these limitations. We explore a completely noninvasive method using detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in women's menstrual blood (MB). The participants were divided into 3 cohorts: (i) 235 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3 (CIN 3) (n = 48), CIN 2 (n = 60), CIN 1 (n = 58), or condyloma acuminatum (CAC) (n = 69) before treatment or remission; (ii) from the first cohort of patients, 108 CIN 3 or CIN 2 patients after treatment and 62 CIN 1 or CAC patients after remission; and (iii) 323 apparently normal subjects (ANS) without any cervical disease. The HPV genotypes of the infected patients were confirmed by direct sequencing. Quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) was used to measure the MB HPV16 load for 15 infected patients. Results showed that the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for detection of MB HPV DNA in samples from patients with CIN or CAC were 82.8%, 93.1%, 90.0%, and 87.9%, respectively. Moreover, MB HPV DNA was found in samples from 22.2% of CIN 3 or CIN 2 patients after treatment, 0.0% of CIN 1 or CAC patients after remission, and 8.1% of ANS, 4 of whom were found to have CIN 1 or CAC. Furthermore, QRT-PCR showed that the normalized MB HPV16 DNA copy numbers in samples from patients with CIN 1 to CIN 3 were significantly increased. These preliminary results suggested that MB HPV DNA is a potential noninvasive marker for these premalignant cervical diseases.

Changes in Adult BMI and Waist Circumference Are Associated with Increased Risk of Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Gathirua-Mwangi, Wambui G; Monahan, Patrick; Song, Yiqing; Zollinger, Terrell W; Champion, Victoria L; Stump, Timothy E; Imperiale, Thomas F

2017-11-01

Waist circumference (WC) is a stronger predictor of colon cancer (CRC) risk than body mass index (BMI). However, how well change in either WC or BMI predicts risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia (AN) is unclear. To determine the relationship between change in BMI and WC from early adulthood to later age and the risk of AN and which change measure is a stronger predictor. In 4500 adults, ages 50-80, with no previous neoplasia and undergoing screening colonoscopy, BMI and WC at age 21 and at time of screening were reported. Changes in BMI and WC were defined using universal risk cutoffs. Known CRC risk factors were controlled in the logistic models. Overall, model statistics showed WC change (omnibus test χ 2  = 10.15, 2 DF, p value = 0.006) was a statistically stronger predictor of AN than BMI change (omnibus test χ 2  = 5.66, 5 DF, p value = 0.34). Independent of BMI change, participants who increased WC (OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.05-1.96) or maintained a high-risk WC (OR 2.50; 95% CI 1.38-4.53) at age 21 and at screening had an increased risk of AN compared to those with a low-risk WC. Study participants who were obese at age 21 and at screening had an increased risk of AN (OR 1.87; 95% CI 1.08-3.23) compared to those who maintained a healthy BMI. Maintaining an overweight BMI or increasing BMI was not associated with AN. Maintaining an unhealthy BMI and WC throughout adult life may increase risk of AN. WC change may be a better predictor of AN than BMI change.

Las rondas de las mujeres por las ventanillas del Estado: Etnografia de un trabajo invisible

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emilia Schijman

2011-06-01

Full Text Available A partir de una investigación de campo en un barrio de vivienda social de la periferia parisina, el artículo explora los circuitos diarios de las mujeres por las oficinas del Estado. El análisis muestra el trabajo en la ventanilla como una movilización cotidiana, individual y colectiva, que liga sin cesar la esfera doméstica y la esfera pública, la práctica burocrática y la micro-política. Familiarizarse con las categorías administrativas y jurídicas, manipular diferentes regímenes de solicitación, juntar testigos y acumular pruebas escritas, todas estas actividades forman un trabajo invisible pero imprescindible para reclamar derechos y activar la economía de la familia.

Usos de las herramientas digitales entre las personas mayores

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Javier Fombona Cadavieco

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Una sociedad «multiedades» supone diseñar y crear nuevos espacios de aprendizaje y comunicación, capaces de gestionar la demanda existente por parte de las personas mayores. En este artículo, se aborda la relación de las personas mayores con las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC y para ello se plantean dos objetivos: el primero va dirigido a conocer los recursos tecnológicos que utilizan y el segundo, a describir objetivamente los tipos de uso que estas personas hacen de las TIC. Para ello, se utiliza la técnica de encuesta, cuyos resultados son contrastados mediante grupos de discusión. En el estudio participaron 215 personas mayores usuarias de las TIC y siete grupos de discusión de cinco personas cada uno. Los resultados encontrados indican que los recursos que más utilizan los mayores son, los ordenadores e Internet y el uso que hacen de los mismos se ha agrupado en cuatro grandes categorías: formación, información, comunicación y entretenimiento, no encontrándose diferencias significativas en función del género o de la edad y sí se encontraron diferencias en cuanto a la disponibilidad de dichos recursos para uso particular en función del nivel de estudios.

Las serpientes en colombia

OpenAIRE

Daniel, H.

2012-01-01

El estudio de las serpientes en Colombia no deja de tener su particular interés; existe una inmensa variedad de especies que se escalonan desde los valles ardientes hasta alturas relativamente considerables; en estos últimos puntos disminuye notablemente la variedad de formas y de modo especial las especies provistas de veneno. Hacer una distinción entre las especies venenosas y las inofensivas, resulta un tanto difícil; en algunos textos se dan unas cuántas reglas, pero la mayor parte d...

Age-related changes in pre- and post-conization HPV genotype distribution among women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Giannella, Luca; Fodero, Cristina; Boselli, Fausto; Rubino, Teresa; Mfuta, Kabala; Prandi, Sonia

2017-04-01

To assess the effect of age on pre- and post-conization HPV genotype distribution. The present retrospective observational study included consecutive women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia who underwent conization at the Cervical Cancer Screening Centre of Reggio Emilia, Italy, and University Hospital of Modena, Italy, between February 1, 2012, and October 31, 2014. Pre-conization and 6-month post-conization HPV genotyping results were compared between four age groups (<30, 30-39, 40-49, and ≥50 years) and age-related changes in the HPV genotypes present were evaluated. There were 162 patients included. The lowest occurrence of pre-conization high-risk and probable high-risk HPV genotypes was observed among patients aged at least 50 years when compared with younger patients (P=0.017). Conversely, women aged at least 50 years exhibited the highest level of post-conization high-risk and probable high-risk HPV genotypes (P=0.043). Additionally, an increasing incidence of recording identical pre- and post-conization HPV genotypes was associated with increasing age (P=0.024), as was increasing post-treatment recurrence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2+ (P=0.030). The presence of high-risk and probable high-risk HPV genotypes was lowest among older patients before conization and was highest among these patients post-conization; post-treatment HPV clearance decreased with age and increasing age could be a risk factor for post-conization recurrence. © 2017 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.

Number of fragments, margin status and thermal artifacts of conized specimens from LLETZ surgery to treat cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Science.gov (United States)

Bittencourt, Dulcimary Dias; Zanine, Rita Maira; Sebastião, Ana Martins; Taha, Nabiha Saadi; Speck, Neila Góis; Ribalta, Julisa Chamorro Lascasas

2012-01-01

Large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) is a nontraumatic cut and coagulation method with several advantages, but it induces thermal artifacts in the cut region. The aim here was to assess the correlations of age, number of fragments, lesion grade and degree of thermal artifacts with margin quality in conized specimens from LLETZ for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Cross-sectional study at Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp). The records and histopathology findings of 118 women who underwent LLETZ between 1999 and 2007 were reviewed. Age, number of fragments, lesion grade, degree of thermal artifacts and margin quality were assessed. The patients' mean age was 27.14 years; 63.6% had been diagnosed with CIN II and 36.4% with CIN III. The lesion was removed as a single fragment in 79.6% of the cases. The margins were free from intraepithelial neoplasia in 85.6% and compromised in the endocervical margin in 6.8%. Fragment damage due to artifacts occurred in 2.5%. Severe artifacts occurred in 22.8%. Women aged 30 years or over presented more cases of CIN III (P < 0.0004). Neoplastic compromising of surgical margins and severe artifacts occurred more often in cases in which two or more fragments were removed, and in patients aged 30 years or over. CIN III in women aged 30 or over, when removed in two or more fragments during LLETZ, presented a greater number of compromised margins and greater severity of thermal artifacts.

Las Biografías: un valioso recurso en las clases de Ciencias Naturales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rubinsten Hernandez Barbosa

2011-02-01

Full Text Available En el siguiente artículo se describe una experiencia de aula que resalta el valor didáctico que tiene el uso de las biografías de los hombres y mujeres que han aportado a la ciencia en los diferentes campos del conocimiento. En esta oportunidad, y teniendo como motivación el bicentenario del nacimiento de Charles Robert Darwin y los 150 años de la publicación de su obra cumbre, su vida y los planteamientos generales de su obra fueron objeto de estudio y reflexión por estudiantes del grado séptimo del Gimnasio Moderno de Bogotá, Colombia. Para cada una de las etapas que se desarrollaron se establecieron previamente las preguntas orientadoras, se acordaron las diferentes formas de trabajo y se determinaron las actividades, con el fin de mantener el interés por parte de los estudiantes y alcanzar los objetivos propuestos. Los resultados obtenidos en esta experiencia de aula permiten resaltar la importancia de las biografías como eje articulador de una propuesta de trabajo escolar y una forma distinta de abordar los contenidos de las ciencias naturales.

Las marcas propias en Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Felipe Payán Rodríguez

2013-11-01

Full Text Available El artículo analiza la situación actual de las marcas propias en Colombia, teniendo en cuenta su creciente auge al interior de las grandes superficies. Mediante este tipo de marcas el mismo distribuidor vende productos y servicios con su nombre o recurriendo a una marca de su propiedad, compitiendo con las marcas ya posicionadas en el mercado de los fabricantes. El texto se articula, primero, en una contextualización con base en doctrina comparada respecto de las marcas propias. Luego, se aplican las reglas de dichos conceptos doctrinales a la situación actual colombiana. Por último, se plantean dos problemas jurídicos respecto de las marcas propias, uno, analizado desde la propiedad industrial, y el otro, desde las reglas del Estatuto del Consumidor.

A patient-reported outcome measure to identify occurrence and distress of post-surgery symptoms of WOMen with vulvAr Neoplasia (WOMAN-PRO) - a cross sectional study.

Science.gov (United States)

Senn, Beate; Eicher, Manuela; Mueller, Michael D; Hornung, René; Fink, Daniel; Baessler, Kaven; Hampl, Monika; Denhaerynck, Kris; Spirig, Rebecca; Engberg, Sandra

2013-04-01

The aim of the study was to describe the (a) symptom experience of women with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia and vulvar cancer (vulvar neoplasia) during the first week after hospital discharge, and (b) associations between age, type of disease, stage of disease, the extent of surgical treatment and symptom experience. This cross-sectional study was conducted in eight hospitals in Germany and Switzerland (Clinical Trial ID: NCT01300663). Symptom experience after surgical treatment in women with vulvar neoplasia was measured with our newly developed WOMAN-PRO instrument. Outpatients (n=65) rated 31 items. We used descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The average number of symptoms reported per patient was 20.2 (SD 5.77) with a range of 5 to 31 symptoms. The three most prevalent wound-related symptoms were 'swelling' (n=56), 'drainage' (n=54) and 'pain' (n=52). The three most prevalent difficulties in daily life were 'sitting' (n=63), 'wearing clothes' (n=56) and 'carrying out my daily activities' (n=51). 'Tiredness' (n=62), 'insecurity' (n=54) and 'feeling that my body has changed' (n=50) were the three most prevalent psychosocial symptoms/issues. The most distressing symptoms were 'sitting' (Mean 2.03, SD 0.88), 'open spot (e.g. opening of skin or suture)' (Mean 1.91, SD 0.93), and 'carrying out my daily activities' (Mean 1.86, SD 0.87), which were on average reported as 'quite a bit' distressing. Negative associations were found between psychosocial symptom experience and age. WOMAN-PRO data showed a high symptom prevalence and distress, call for a comprehensive symptom assessment, and may allow identification of relevant areas in symptom management. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Evolución de las jugadoras en las selecciones españolas de baloncesto

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sebastián Feu Molina

2008-09-01

Full Text Available La detección, selección y formación del talento deportivo es uno de los aspectos más investigados en diferentes deportes. Mediante un diseño longitudinal y una metodología cuantitativa descriptiva, el objetivo de este estudio es conocer como ha sido la participación y evolución de las jugadoras en las distintas categorías de las selecciones españolas de baloncesto (n = 163 y analizar las relaciones existentes en el tipo de participación cualitativa en cada nivel. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto una relación negativa estadísticamente significativa entre la participación en competición oficial en la selección cadete y las categorías superiores, es decir, las jugadoras que participan a alto nivel en las categorías de base no suelen llegar a participar en la selección nacional absoluta en competiciones oficiales de alto nivel.

LAS PROTEINAS SEMINALES DEL MANI (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA, LEGUMINOSAE y SU RELACION CON LAS CATEGORIAS INFRAESPECIFICAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

N R Grosso

1994-01-01

Full Text Available Las proteínas seminales de 122 muestras diferentes de Arachis hypogaea L. originarios de Bolivia, Perú y Ecuador fueron estudiadas por electroforesis en gel de poliacrilamida.Se detectaron siete bandas constantes y 27 bandas inconstantes. Los resultados de las últimas se utilizaron para analizar las similitudes entre las muestras empleando el coeficiente de Jaccard y el método de ligamiento promedio de la media aritmética no ponderada(UPGMA.Las proteínas seminales permitieron separar totalmente la subespecies de A.hypogaea y las variedades en menor medida.

Mutational spectrum of intraepithelial neoplasia in pancreatic heterotopia.

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Changqing; Gocke, Christopher D; Hruban, Ralph H; Belchis, Deborah A

2016-02-01

Heterotopic pancreatic parenchyma recapitulates the normal pancreas in extrapancreatic locations and, on rare occasions, can even give rise to pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The genetic signatures of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and its precursor lesions are well characterized. We explored the genetic alterations in precursor lesions (intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms [IPMN], pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia [PanIN]) in patients with pancreatic heterotopias but without concomitant pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. This allowed us to determine whether the stereotypical dysplasia--infiltrating carcinoma sequence also occurs in these extrapancreatic foci. Seven cases of heterotopic pancreas with ductal precursor lesions were identified. These included 2 IPMNs with focal high-grade dysplasia and 5 PanINs with low- to moderate-grade dysplasia (PanIN grades 1-2). Neoplastic epithelium was microdissected and genomic DNA was extracted. Sequencing of commonly mutated hotspots (KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A, SMAD4, BRAF, and GNAS) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and its precursor lesions was performed. Both IPMNs were found to have KRAS codon 12 mutations. The identification of KRAS mutations suggests a genetic pathway shared with IPMN of the pancreas. No mutations were identified in our heterotopic PanINs. One of the possible mechanisms for the development of dysplasia in these lesions is field effect. At the time of these resections, there was no clinical or pathologic evidence of a prior or concomitant pancreatic lesion. However, a clinically undetectable lesion is theoretically possible. Therefore, although a field effect cannot be excluded, there was no evidence for it in this study. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

INFLUENCIA DE LOS SUBSTITUYENTES SOBRE LAS PROPIEDADES DE REPARTO DE LAS PIRIDINAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Perez N.

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Se determinaron los coeficientes de reparto de la piridina y de algunas metilpiridinas, entre el ciclohexano y el agua a 25°C., en función de la concentración. El análisis de las fases en equilibrio se efectuó por medio de un método refractométrico. Los resultados experimentales se extrapolaron a dilución infinita con el fin de obtener los coeficientes de reparto de las piridinas monómeras, Pi. El comportamiento de las piridinas se comparó con el de las anilinas, sustancias para las cuales en un trabajo anterior, fue posible relacionar los coeficientes de reparto a dilución infinita Pi, con el volumen molar , en el formulismo propuesto. Finalmente, se discute brevemente la llamada "constante del sustituyente", TT^, ya definida por otros autores con base en coeficientes de reparto.

La participación de las familias en las escuelas TIC: análisis y reflexiones educativas

OpenAIRE

Aguilar Ramos, María del Carmen; Leiva Olivencia, Juan José

2012-01-01

Las experiencias de participación de la familia en la escuela cobran un nuevo significado con las posibilidades que ofrecen las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC). El presente trabajo aborda algunas de las experiencias que se están desarrollando para implicar a las familias en los centros. Las páginas webs de los centros, la creación de comunidades de aprendizaje y de redes sociales, las tutorías virtuales, los cursos E-learning son algunas de las ofertas novedo...

Los testimonios o las narrativas de la(s memoria(s

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elsa Blair Trujillo

2008-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo desarrolla una reflexión teórica sobre uno de los ejes centrales de la problemática de las víctimas: el testimonio o las narrativas de la(s memoria(s. En un primer momento aborda algunos aspectos que ayudan a esclarecer las posibilidades y limitaciones de estas narrativas desde sus antecedentes, que pasan por el «acto de testimoniar» hasta esclarecer su potencial político y su lugar en el ámbito de lo público. En la segunda parte, apoyada fundamentalmente en Ricoeur, se hace una análisis en torno al carácter narrativo del testimonio. Y en la tercera, y última parte, sobre la base del trabajo de tres autoras latinoamericanas, E. Jelin, C.Feld y L. Da Silva Catela, se propone una construcción metodológica del «acto de testimoniar» en contextos marcados por la guerra y la violencia.

Los testimonios o las narrativas de la(s memoria(s

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elsa Blair Trujillo

2008-06-01

Full Text Available El artículo desarrolla una reflexión teórica sobre uno de los ejes centrales de la problemática de las víctimas: el testimonio o las narrativas de la(s memoria(s. En un primer momento aborda algunos aspectos que ayudan a esclarecer las posibilidades y limitaciones de estas narrativas desde sus antecedentes, que pasan por el ''acto de testimoniar'' hasta esclarecer su potencial político y su lugar en el ámbito de lo público. En la segunda parte, apoyada fundamentalmente en Ricoeur, se hace una análisis en torno al carácter narrativo del testimonio. Y en la tercera, y última parte, sobre la base del trabajo de tres autoras latinoamericanas, E. Jelin, C.Feld y L. Da Silva Catela, se propone una construcción metodológica del ''acto de testimoniar'' en contextos marcados por la guerra y la violencia.

Pautas de localización de las sedes de las grandes empresas y entornos metropolitanos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joan-Eugeni Sánchez

2007-12-01

Full Text Available La localización de las sedes de las grandes empresas {headquarter es un tema de interés socioterritorial por cuanto implica relaciones de poder y dependencia entre territorios, con tendencia progresiva a la mundialización. El objetivo principal es detectar algunos de los factores socioterritoriales que intervienen en su localización, sobre la hipótesis de la importancia que tienen los entornos metropolitanos y de capitalidad. El análisis empírico se plantea al nivel de los centros de decisión de las grandes empresas y al nivel de los centros de decisión subsidiaria en naciones secundarias (España. Así la escala mundial de las grandes empresas multinacionales se contrastará con lo que ocurre dentro de un territorio secundario en las lógicas de distribución de las sedes primarias y subsidiarias. Se toma como base las 500 grandes empresas mundiales (Fortune, 2005 y las 1000 mayores empresas en España para los territorios secundarios. La conclusión es que la concentración territorial de poder político, poder económico y vinculación internacional -por este orden de importancia-, son los tres factores fundamentales que explican las decisiones de localización tanto de sedes centrales como subsidiarias, condiciones que de forma casi exclusiva se dan en las áreas metropolitanas, y con especial significación en las capitales de Estado

LAS FUENTES DEL CONOCIMIENTO HISTÓRICO: EL VALOR INELUDIBLE DE LAS FUENTES ORALES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aliesky Caballero González

2015-07-01

Full Text Available El artículo aborda lo limitado que era el empleo de las fuentes orales desde la historiografía, también muestra la importancia que tienen las fuentes del conocimiento histórico, y dentro de ellas, las antes mencionadas; así como su clasificación y definición desde la didáctica de la Historia. Además de especificar cómo los profesores deben dar tratamiento correcto a las fuentes orales, dándole su valor y mostrando las potencialidades de estas en la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Historia, para lograr una educación histórica en los adolescentes de la educación secundaria básica.

Prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus in squamous cell carcinoma and intraepithelial neoplasia of the vulva

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Faber, Mette T; Sand, Freja Lærke; Albieri, Vanna

2017-01-01

In this updated systematic review and meta-analysis, we estimate the pooled prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and HPV type distribution in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva (vulvar cancer) and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN). PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were...... used to identify studies published between 1990 and 2015 and using a PCR-based or hybrid capture test to evaluate the presence of HPV DNA in vulvar cancer or VIN. Pooled estimates of the HPV prevalence with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated based on a random effects model...... samples. Thus, HPV vaccination targeting these HPV types may prevent a substantial number of vulvar lesions....

Interação entre especialidades: miocardiopatia dilatada e neoplasia de mama HER2 positiva Interacción entre especialidades: miocardiopatía dilatada y neoplasia de mama HER2 positiva Interaction between specialties: dilated cardiomyopathy and HER2-positive breast Cancer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Solange Moraes Sanches

2010-01-01

Full Text Available O progresso no conhecimento dos mecanismos da doença e suas potenciais possibilidades de tratamento, têm com o incremento da pesquisa básica, trazido a algumas situações inusitadas. Como quando algo observado em uma situação específica, definida na prática clínica, pode ser transportado para o laboratório, instigando a investigação de uma provável terapêutica em uma doença não relacionada e fazendo o caminho inverso da "bench-to-bedside". Nos últimos anos, o uso de um anticorpo monoclonal, o trastuzumabe, mostrou-se imprescindível no tratamento das neoplasias de mama com amplificação/superexpressão de HER2, com ganho de sobrevida significativo nos contextos adjuvante e terapêutico. A observação da ocorrência de cardiotoxicidade induzida pelo trastuzumabe, assim como a identificação dos mecanismos relacionados a esse efeito colateral, possibilitaram a pesquisa desses mesmos fatores na miocardiopatia dilatada, de uma forma muito interessante.El progreso en el conocimiento de los mecanismos de la enfermedad y sus potenciales posibilidades de tratamiento ocurre mediante el incremento de la investigación básica que se añade a algunas situaciones inusitadas. Así como cuando algo observado en una situación específica, definida en la práctica clínica, se puede trasladar al laboratorio, fomentando la investigación de una probable terapéutica en una enfermedad no relacionada, y haciendo el camino inverso de la "bench-to-bedside". En los últimos años, el uso de un anticuerpo monoclonal, el trastuzumabe, se halló imprescindible en el tratamiento de las neoplasias de mama con amplificación/superexpresión de HER2, con ganancia de sobrevida significativa en los contextos adyuvante y terapéutico. La observación de la ocurrencia de cardiotoxicidad inducida por el trastuzumabe, así como la identificación de los mecanismos relacionados a este efecto colateral, posibilitaran la investigación de estos mismos factores

Helicobacter pylori and colorectal neoplasia: Is there a causal link?

Science.gov (United States)

Papastergiou, Vasilios; Karatapanis, Stylianos; Georgopoulos, Sotirios D

2016-01-01

Ever since Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) was recognized as an infectious cause of gastric cancer, there has been increasing interest in examining its potential role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Data from case-control and cross-sectional studies, mostly relying on hospital-based samples, and several meta-analyses have shown a positive statistical relationship between H. pylori infection and colorectal neoplasia. However, the possibility exists that the results have been influenced by bias, including the improper selection of patients and disparities with respect to potential confounders. While the evidence falls short of a definitive causal link, it appears that infection with H. pylori/H. pylori-related gastritis is associated with an increased, although modest, risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer. The pathogenic mechanisms responsible for this association remain uncertain. H. pylori has been detected in colorectal malignant tissues; however, the possibility that H. pylori is a direct activator of colonic carcinogenesis remains purely hypothetical. On the other hand, experimental data have indicated a series of potential oncogenic interactions between these bacteria and colorectal mucosa, including induction and perpetuation of inflammatory responses, alteration of gut microflora and release of toxins and/or hormonal mediators, such as gastrin, which may contribute to tumor formation. PMID:26811614

Phenotypic relationships of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia to invasive prostatic carcinoma.

Science.gov (United States)

Nagle, R. B.; Brawer, M. K.; Kittelson, J.; Clark, V.

1991-01-01

Thirty-one snap-frozen human prostate specimens containing examples of benign hyperplasia, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), and invasive carcinoma were analyzed using a panel of 24 antibodies and one lectin. Twenty-seven additional routinely processed radical prostatectomy specimens were studied using selected probes known to work on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded material. Three probes, anticytokeratin KA4, anti-vimentin V9, and the lectin from Ulex europaeus (UEA-1), demonstrated phenotypic similarities between PIN and invasive carcinoma. Whereas the luminal cells of normal or hyperplastic prostatic epithelium are minimally reactive with KA4 (4%) or UEA-1 (0%) and strongly reactive with anti-vimentin (91%), both the PIN and invasive carcinoma are reactive with KA4 (89% and 93%, respectively) and UEA-1 (96% and 93%, respectively) and minimally reactive with anti-vimentin (15% and 0%, respectively). The increased KA4 staining was shown to be in part due to detection of cytokeratin 19, by using cytokeratin-19-specific antibodies, 4.62 and LP2K. The reasons for the increased expression of this cytokeratin and the decreased expression of vimentin are unclear but seem to indicate a phenotypic relationship between the PIN lesions and invasive carcinoma. Images Figure 4 Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 PMID:1987760

High-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in human papillomavirus self-sampling of screening non-attenders

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lam, J U H; Elfström, K M; Ejegod, D. M.

2018-01-01

precancer lesions. Here, we compare the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (⩾CIN2) detection rate between non-attenders who participated in self-sampling and women attending routine screening. METHODS: A total of 23 632 women who were qualified as non-attenders in the Copenhagen Region were......BACKGROUND: Self-sampling for human papillomavirus (HPV) offered to women who do not participate in cervical cancer screening is an increasingly popular method to increase screening coverage. The rationale behind self-sampling is that unscreened women harbour a high proportion of undetected...... higher detection rates for ⩾CIN2 than routine cytology-based screening, and similar detection rates as HPV and cytology co-testing. This reinforces the importance of self-sampling for screening non-attenders in organised cervical cancer screening.British Journal of Cancer advance online publication, 14...

Differential Detection of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia by Four Commercial Assays

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rebolj, Matejka; Bonde, Jesper; Preisler, Sarah

2016-01-01

intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in 2.5 years after the baseline testing were determined from the national pathology register. HPV-positive women undergoing primary screening having concordant samples were more likely to harbor high-risk infections and less likely to harbor only low-risk infections than women......Laboratories can nowadays choose from >100 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) assays for cervical screening. Our previous analysis based on the data from the Danish Horizon study, however, showed that four widely used assays, Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2), cobas, CLART and APTIMA, frequently do not detect...... the same HPV infections. Here, we determined the characteristics of the concordant (all four assays returning a positive HPV test result) and discordant samples (all other HPV-positive samples) in primary cervical screening at 30-65 years (n=2859) and in a concurrent referral population from the same...

Las culturas laborales de las 100 mejores empresas de Cartagena. Sector industria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Antonio Morales

2004-01-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación se propone caracterizar, a partir de las culturas laborales, el perfil empresarial de las 100 mejores empresas del sector industria de Cartagena. El perfil empresarial es el punto de partida para determinar dónde se encuentran y hacia dónde deben dirigirse las compañías, y, a su vez, permite visualizar alternativas de estrategias salariales y/o compensacionales.

La aportación de las mujeres a las empresas familiares andaluzas : trabajo y valor monetario

OpenAIRE

Gálvez Muñoz, Lina; Rodríguez Modroño, Paula; Agenjo Calderón, Astrid

2014-01-01

En las pequeñas empresas aún perdura una gran cantidad de trabajo no registrado realizado mayoritariamente por las mujeres de la familia. Ello atiende a un doble proceso de invisibilidad: primero, por la neutralidad/naturalidad que se asigna a las aportaciones de las mujeres en el ámbito familiar, motivada por el rol que se les ha impuesto históricamente. Y segundo, por la informalidad que suele caracterizar a las ayudas o colaboraciones familiares en las empresas como mecanismo para external...

Las artes de leer e interpretar las hojas de coca

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eugenia Flores

2017-03-01

Full Text Available En este artículo quisiera hablar sobre un oficio secreto, subterráneo, clandestino, que es el arte de leer e interpretar las hojas de coca en espacios marginales del valle de Salta. Muestro en estas páginas las diferentes formas y modos en que la coca es utilizada por la población local, diversa y heterogénea, donde tradiciones indígenas ancestrales se manifiestan en prácticas concretas que rozan los límites entre la magia y la terapia. Presto especial interés, a partir del trabajo de campo realizado, a aquellas personas que manejan estas artes de leer las hojas de coca, las cuales en los casos analizados fueron adquiridas a partir de un ritual de paso, que fue el haber sido “tocado por el rayo”. Me interesa particularmente trabajar con estos hombres y mujeres, cuyo arte de hacer con coca es equiparable a las “maneras de hacer”. Estas maneras de hacer con la coca ritual no están visibilizadas y son subterráneas, marginales y silenciosas, en este artículo se pretende dar cuenta de estas prácticas con coca y sus dinámicas relaciones inter e intra comunales. Palabras-claves: Artes; maneras de hacer; coca; ritual.

Development of a reactive stroma associated with prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in EAF2 deficient mice.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Laura E Pascal

Full Text Available ELL-associated factor 2 (EAF2 is an androgen-responsive tumor suppressor frequently deleted in advanced prostate cancer that functions as a transcription elongation factor of RNA Pol II through interaction with the ELL family proteins. EAF2 knockout mice on a 129P2/OLA-C57BL/6J background developed late-onset lung adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. In order to further characterize the role of EAF2 in the development of prostatic defects, the effects of EAF2 loss were compared in different murine strains. In the current study, aged EAF2(-/- mice on both the C57BL/6J and FVB/NJ backgrounds exhibited mPIN lesions as previously reported on a 129P2/OLA-C57BL/6J background. In contrast to the 129P2/OLA-C57BL/6J mixed genetic background, the mPIN lesions in C57BL/6J and FVB/NJ EAF2(-/- mice were associated with stromal defects characteristic of a reactive stroma and a statistically significant increase in prostate microvessel density. Stromal inflammation and increased microvessel density was evident in EAF2-deficient mice on a pure C57BL/6J background at an early age and preceded the development of the histologic epithelial hyperplasia and neoplasia found in the prostates of older EAF2(-/- animals. Mice deficient in EAF2 had an increased recovery rate and a decreased overall response to the effects of androgen deprivation. EAF2 expression in human cancer was significantly down-regulated and microvessel density was significantly increased compared to matched normal prostate tissue; furthermore EAF2 expression was negatively correlated with microvessel density. These results suggest that the EAF2 knockout mouse on the C57BL/6J and FVB/NJ genetic backgrounds provides a model of PIN lesions associated with an altered prostate microvasculature and reactive stromal compartment corresponding to that reported in human prostate tumors.

Fitoplancton del Parque Nacional Las Tablas de Daimiel. II. Las cianofíceas, los dinoflagelados, las criptofíceas, las crisofíceas y las xantofíceas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rojo, Carmen

1999-12-01

Full Text Available Las Tablas de Daimiel National Park is a semiarid wetland that exhibits a high biodiversity but is suffering an inexorable eutrophication process. The study of the phytoplankton in this wetland is interesting because of its hydrological fluctuations (drought period until 1996 and its trophic condition. This papers shows the taxonomy, dynamic, and ecology of microalgae in five áreas of the Park from 1996 to 1998, which allow comparisons to be made between the present state and the 1992-1993 period. Twelve taxa of Cyanophyta, 4 of Dynophyceae, 8 of Cryptophyceae, 5 of Chrysophyceae and one of Xanthophyceae were found. Almost all species have been already cited in Spain and are typical for eutrophic environments. Cyanophyceae and Cryptophyceae were the most important groups (Planktothrix agardhii, Anabaenopsis elenkinii, Cryptomonas erosa as the most common algae. Moreover, oscillatorial Cyanophyceae (in 1992 have been replaced by N-fixing nostocal ones, related to the high level of pollution found in recent years.El Parque Nacional Las Tablas de Daimiel es un humedal semiárido, importante reserva de biodiversidad que, sin embargo, está sufriendo un inexorable proceso de eutrofización. Su estado trófico, así como los cambios hidrológicos (sequía hasta 1996, hacen especialmente interesante el estudio de su microflora. Por ello, se ha llevado a cabo este trabajo sobre las poblaciones fitoplanctónicas en cinco puntos del Parque desde 1996 a 1998, que permite además la comparación con su estado en 1992-1993. Se encontraron 12 táxones de Cyanophyta, 4 de Dynophyceae, 8 de Cryptophyceae, 5 de Chrysophyceae y uno de Xanthophyceae. Casi todas las especies están citadas en España y son propias de ambientes eutróficos. Los grupos mejor representados fueron las cianobacterias y criptofíceas (Planktothrix agardhii, Anabaenopsis elenkinii y Cryptomonas erosa fueron las especies más conspicuas. Además, se observa un cambio de cianobacterias

Cosificación de las adolescentes en las redes sociales digitales

OpenAIRE

Urdangarin Aranbarri, Garazi

2015-01-01

La cosificación se refiere a la representación de una mujer a través de su cuerpo o partes de éste. La utilización masiva por parte de adolescentes de las Redes Sociales Digitales, hacen de éste fenómeno una forma tangible de discriminación sexista. Este estudio, tiene como objetivo analizar la cosificación de las adolescentes en las redes sociales y su influencia en la autoestima de cada joven. Para ello, se han aplicado diferentes escalas a 1087 adolescentes de 11 centros edu...

Política de las expresiones heterodoxas: el conflicto social en los escenarios de las crisis argentinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adrián Scribano

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Los momentos de externalización de los conflictos permiten observar cómo la protesta se vincula con la "puesta-en-escena" de la construcción- selección de recursos expresivos y con las huellas que hacen posible rastrear un plus en las demandas entabladas. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo reconstruir las conexiones en tre recursos expresivos, "estéticas-en-las-calles" y prácticas heterodoxas. La estrategia que seguimos aquí es posible de ser esquematizada del siguiente modo: 1 se discuten las características de las relaciones entre expresividad, crisis y política; 2 se reconstruyen las escenas-postales de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina, a través de los recursos expresivos de las acciones colectivas; y 3 se sintetizan algunos "juegos del lenguaje" asociados a dichas postales. Se finaliza abogando por la necesidad de profundizar los análisis de las acciones colectivas que incluyan los recursos expresivos como un elemento central para superar un mero análisis desde las demandas de las mismas.

The use of cold coagulation for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Wyse, A

2017-05-01

In 2015, Cold Coagulation was introduced as a treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) at our colposcopy clinic. We reviewed the 6-month follow up data of the first 200 women who underwent Cold Coagulation using cytology and HPV status as tests of cure (TOC). A random sample of 200 patients treated by Large Loop Excision of the Transformation Zone (LLETZ) during the same period was used to compare treatment outcome. Six months following treatment,173 (86.5%) of the women treated by CC and 167 (83.5%) treated by LLETZ had negative cytology. (x2= P>0.05). 148 (74%) treated by Cold Coagulation and 166 (83%) treated by LLETZ were HPV negative (x2= P<0.05). One hundred and thirty-nine (70%) women treated by Cold Coagulation and 152 (76%) treated with LLETZ had normal cytology and were HPV negative. This audit of our initial experience supports the observation that Cold Coagulation is as effective as LLETZ in the management of CIN when cervical cytology is used as a test of cure.

La web, las aplicaciones de las Matemáticas y las metodologías activas: Una propuesta para el aula

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María José Pérez Peñalver

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Con el objetivo de implicar a los estudiantes en su aprendizaje y de que relacionen los contenidos que se imparten en las clases de matemáticas, se ha creado una pequeña práctica de aula en primero de Ingeniería Civil de la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. En la tarea, los estudiantes investigan en grupo las aplicaciones de las cónicas y las cuádricas a través de la red. Posteriormente eligen varias aplicaciones y elaboran una pequeña presentación que comparten con el resto de grupos. Finalmente realizan la evaluación de la tarea, que ha sido una responsabilidad compartida entre el profesor y los grupos y se ha organizado en forma de concurso con un premio para el mejor. En el artículo se muestra la descripción detallada del proceso, los resultados obtenidos, el grado de satisfacción de los alumnos y del docente, los problemas que surgieron y las propuestas de mejora.

ESTRATEGIAS DE ACCION E INCIDENCIA EN LAS POLITICAS PUBLICAS DE LAS COOPERATIVAS DE TERCER GRADO EN ARGENTINA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Cristina Acosta

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo indaga sobre la incidencia de las entidades representativas del cooperativismo argentino en las políticas públicas contemporáneas. Se presenta un estudio de caso de las dos más importantes cooperativas de tercer grado del país, se analizan sus metas y estrategias en las interacciones con las dependencias estatales. Los resultados de las acciones de los actores definen metas y estrategias que pueden ser convergentes y/o divergentes. Se concluye que los vínculos que han construido las confederaciones seleccionadas con el Estado presentan características de complementación y cooperación en términos generales. Asimismo, la facultad de las organizaciones estudiadas para incidir en la definición de las políticas públicas resulta no solamente de los recursos propios, sino, principalmente, de las oportunidades políticas y la capacidad de establecer alianzas inter-actorales mediante estrategias colectivas.

En busca del contenido de las redes sociales : los "motivos" de las relaciones

OpenAIRE

Bidart, Claire

2009-01-01

Este artículo propone devolverle a la relación social su importancia como unidad básica de las redes sociales, y explorar lo que constituye su “sustancia” considerada aquí como el “motivo” de las relaciones. Las redes relacionales de un panel de jóvenes fueron construidas a partir de una investigación longitudinal que los sigue desde hace 12 años, interrogándolos cada tres años. Se recogieron datos sobre todas las personas frecuentadas en los distintos contextos de vida y sobre la calidad de ...

¿Las mujeres prefieren las cesáreas?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Vallejos Parás

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Las tasas de cesárea han aumentado de manera constante en la mayoría de los países de medianos y altos ingresos en los últimos decenios sin justificación médica. La solicitud materna es uno de los factores no médicos citados con frecuencia que contribuyen a esta tendencia. El objetivo de este documento es realizar una revisión de la bibliografía actual sobre las preferencias maternas por la cesárea.

Unificar las ciencias del deporte

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Natàlia Balagué Serre

2013-12-01

Full Text Available El deporte no es solo un fenómeno social de nuestro mundo, sino que también es un campo privilegiado para el estudio del comportamiento social y humano. Durante las últimas décadas, se ha producido un enorme crecimiento y especialización de las ciencias del deporte y el lema del 18º Congreso del European College of Sport Sciences (ECSS “Unificar las ciencias del deporte” representa desafiar este proceso de fragmentación. El lema conlleva un cambio de la especialización a la integración, de una concepción de los sistemas vivos basada en la teoría de la información y la ingeniería a una de base biológica, de la investigación multidisciplinaria a la transdisciplinaria. Pero aparece una pregunta: ¿es posible integrar las áreas fragmentadas y facilitar la transferencia de los principios explicativos teóricos, técnicas y perspectivas metodológicas entre disciplinas? En el marco de las contribuciones hechas en el congreso, este artículo tiene como objetivo introducir enfoques científicos ya extendidos en los ámbitos de la física, la química, la biología (incluyendo las ómicas y las ciencias sociales, y que centradas en las interacciones dinámicas complejas de los componentes sistémicos (proteínas, células, organismos, grupos, sociedades, revelan principios explicativos generales que contribuyen a la unificación del conocimiento. Intentamos animar a las personas interesadas en las ciencias del deporte a percibir nuevas formas de investigación y a complementar, sin sustituirlos, los enfoques dominantes, con la esperanza de que ir de las partes al todo y del todo a las partes ayudará a los científicos a reconocer los caminos más adecuados.

Las redes sociales como herramientas de Relaciones Públicas de las instituciones europeas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xosé Baamonde Silva

2011-10-01

Full Text Available La Internet es el ágora digital donde todos pueden participar. Las instituciones europeas pueden utilizar las redes sociales como herramientas de diálogo con los ciudadanos para lograr su implicación y compromiso con el proceso de construcción europea. Esta investigación se centra en el análisis de los espacios en la Internet de las principales entidades de la UE para comprobar si están utilizando las nuevas potencialidades tecnológicas para contactarse directamente con la ciudadanía o todavía mantienen una especial atención hacia los medios de comunicación como intermediarios para hacer llegar sus mensajes a la opinión pública.

Problems in distinguishing spinal tuberculosis from neoplasia on MRI

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gupta, R.K.; Agarwal, P.; Rastogi, H.; Kumar, S.; Phadke, R.V.; Krishnani, N.

1996-01-01

We reviewed MRI studies of 60 patients presenting with extradural compressive myeloradiculopathy secondary to vertebral disease to assess the imaging features which may help in differentiating tuberculous from neoplastic disease. Spin-echo T1-, proton density- and T2-weighted images were available for all patients and fast low-angle shot images with a low flip angle for 21 patients. Contrast-enhanced images were available for 28 patients. There were 41 patients with tuberculosis and 19 patients with neoplastic disease (metastases 11, lymphoma 6, plasmacytoma 1, and giant cell tumour 1). Discovertebral disease with or without involvement of the posterior arch was a feature not only of tuberculous spondylitis (30 patients) but also of metastases (6). The remaining 11 patients with tuberculosis had ''atypical'' involvement (vertebral body with or without posterior arch in 8 and posterior arch alone in 3) described as typical of neoplasms. This ''typical'' involvement was seen in metastases (5), lymphoma (6) and the 2 primary bone tumours. The presence of an abscess helped in differentiating tuberculosis from neoplasia in 22 of the 41 patients with tuberculosis and was absent in all with neoplasms. The presence of bone fragments in 16 patients (8 with and 8 without an abscess) was found to be specific for tuberculosis. In the absence of an abscess or bone fragments, image-guided biopsy is essential to establish the diagnosis. (orig.). With 9 figs., 2 tabs

Incidencia de las estrategias motivacionales de valor sobre las estrategias cognitivas y metacognitivas en estudiantes de secundaria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Manuel SUÁREZ RIVEIRO

2016-06-01

Full Text Available El principal propósito de este estudio fue el de proponer un modelo sobre cómo las estrategias de autorregulación motivacional relacionadas con el componente de valor afectan a la utilización de las estrategias cognitivas y metacognitivas del aprendizaje. La muestra utilizada fue de 1103 estudiantes de Secundaria. Se asumió que el efecto de las estrategias motivacionales sobre las estrategias cognitivas puede estar mediado por las estrategias metacognitivas. Los resultados muestran, por un lado, los efectos significativos desde algunas de las estrategias motivacionales, pero no desde todas, hacia la autorregulación y hacia las estrategias cognitivas. Y por otro lado, los efectos significativos desde las estrategias metacognitivas del aprendizaje sobre todas las estrategias cognitivas. A modo de conclusión se plantea la conveniencia de que los estudiantes no adopten sólo estrategias cognitivas y metacognitivas sino que también adopten otro tipo de estrategias, algunas de las estrategias de automotivación, las cuales les permitirán gestionar su propia motivación y por tanto mejorar su aprendizaje.