Signos Vitales de los CDC–Los selladores dentales previenen las caries (Dental Sealants Prevent Cavities)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

Este podcast se basa en la edición de octubre del 2016 del informe Signos Vitales de los CDC. Los selladores dentales, que se aplican poco después de que les salgan las muelas permanentes a los niños, pueden protegerlos contra las caries hasta por nueve años. Aplicarles los selladores dentales a los niños de bajos ingresos en las escuelas podría ahorrar millones de dólares en costos de tratamientos.

Farmacos orales para el control quimico de las biopeliculas dentales (placa bacteriana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigo Abello Moreno

2013-12-01

Full Text Available La placa dentobacteriana o biopelicula es la responsable de patologias clinicas como la caries dental, gingivitis y enfermedad periodontal, por lo tanto productos con agentes germicidas actuan en la prevencion de la biopelicula dental cuando las medidas de higiene oral no son las mas apropiadas.

Assessment of cavitation in artificial approximal dental lesions with near-IR imaging

Science.gov (United States)

Simon, Jacob C.; Darling, Cynthia L.; Fried, Daniel

2017-02-01

Bitewing radiography is still considered state-of-the-art diagnostic technology for assessing cavitation within approximal carious dental lesions, even though radiographs cannot resolve cavitated surfaces but instead are used to measure lesion depth in order to predict cavitation. Clinicians need new technologies capable of determining whether approximal carious lesions have become cavitated because not all lesions progress to cavitation. Assessing lesion cavitation from near-infrared (NIR) imaging methods holds great potential due to the high transparency of enamel in the NIR region from λ=1300-1700-nm, which allows direct visualization and quantified measurements of enamel demineralization. The objective of this study was to measure the change in lesion appearance between non-cavitated and cavitated lesions in artificially generated lesions using NIR imaging modalities (two-dimensional) at λ=1300-nm and λ=1450-nm and cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT) (thee-dimensional) λ=1300-nm. Extracted human posterior teeth with sound proximal surfaces were chosen for this study and imaged before and after artificial lesions were made. A high speed dental hand piece was used to create artificial cavitated proximal lesions in sound samples and imaged. The cavitated artificial lesions were then filled with hydroxyapatite powder to simulate non-cavitated proximal lesions.

Prevalencia de lesiones incipientes de caries dental en niños escolares Prevalence of incipient lesions of dental caries in school children

OpenAIRE

Nayda Nasco Hidalgo; Estela de los A Gispert Abreu; Maria I Ventura Hernández; Raúl J Pupo Triguero

2008-01-01

OBJETIVOS: determinar la prevalencia de lesiones incipientes de caries dental en los niños de 6-11 años de la escuela primaria "José A Echeverría," municipio Plaza de la Revolución en el período de enero a diciembre del 2006, identificar en el grupo estudiado, la frecuencia de niños según número de lesiones incipientes y la frecuencia de lesiones incipientes por ubicación del diente en la arcada y por superficie dentaria. MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte trans...

Determinant Factors of Untreated Dental Caries and Lesion Activity in Preschool Children Using ICDAS.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tássia Cristina de Almeida Pinto-Sarmento

Full Text Available The aim of the present study was to investigate determinant factors associated with the presence of dental caries and lesion activity in preschool children. A population-based, cross-sectional study was carried out with 843 children of aged three to five years enrolled at public and private preschools in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil. A questionnaire addressing socio-demographic data and oral health care was self-administered by parents/caregivers. Three dentists previously calibrated examined the children for the diagnosis of dental caries and lesion activity using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS. Nutritional status was evaluated based on the body mass index. Logistic regression analysis for complex samples was performed (α = 5%. The prevalence of dental caries was 66.3%. Among the children with caries, 88.0% had active lesions. Dental caries was more prevalent in girls (OR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.05-2.23, in children from families with a monthly household income ≤US$312.50 (OR = 2.38, 95%CI: 1.65-3.43 and those whose mothers had up to eight years of schooling (OR = 1.55, 95%CI: 1.07-2.23. Lesion activity was significantly associated with mother's schooling ≤ 8 years (OR = 2.15, 95%CI: 1.15-4.00. The prevalence rates of dental caries and lesion activity were high and mainly associated with a lower socioeconomic status and mother's schooling.

Lesiones periapicales: diagnóstico y tratamiento

OpenAIRE

A. García-Rubio; A.L. Bujaldón-Daza; A. Rodríguez-Archilla

2015-01-01

Las lesiones periapicales resultado de la necrosis de la pulpa dental son las patologías que más frecuentemente ocurren encontradas en el hueso alveolar. El tratamiento consiste en la eliminación de los agentes infecciosos mediante el tratamiento del canal radicular, permitiendo la cicatrización de la lesión.

Signos Vitales de los CDC–Los selladores dentales previenen las caries (Dental Sealants Prevent Cavities)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2016-10-18

Este podcast se basa en la edición de octubre del 2016 del informe Signos Vitales de los CDC. Los selladores dentales, que se aplican poco después de que les salgan las muelas permanentes a los niños, pueden protegerlos contra las caries hasta por nueve años. Aplicarles los selladores dentales a los niños de bajos ingresos en las escuelas podría ahorrar millones de dólares en costos de tratamientos.  Created: 10/18/2016 by National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP).   Date Released: 10/18/2016.

INFLUENCIA DE LAS CARACTERÍSTICAS INDIVIDUALES Y DE LAS CONDICIONES LABORALES EN LA GRAVEDAD DE LAS LESIONES POR ACCIDENTE DE TRABAJO REGISTRADAS EN ANDALUCÍA EN 2003

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julia Bolívar Muñoz

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento. El estudio de la gravedad de las lesiones por accidente de trabajo es clave para el establecimiento de planes de prevención. El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer la distribución de las lesiones registradas por accidente de trabajo con baja según: a las características del trabajador/ora; b las del centro de trabajo y; c las condiciones de empleo y del puesto de trabajo; y analizar la gravedad de las lesiones registradas según estas características en hombres y mujeres en Andalucía. Métodos. Se utilizaron los datos del registro de lesiones por accidente de trabajo con incapacidad laboral durante 2003 en Andalucía. Variable dependiente: grado real de la lesión; variables independientes: las características del/a trabajador/a, de la empresa y las del propio accidente. Se realizó un análisis bivariante y multivariante para estimar la probabilidad de lesión grave, muy grave o mortal asociada al resto de variables mediante la razón de odds (OR y su intervalo de confianza. Resultados. El 82,4% de las lesiones se produjeron en hombres y el 17,6% en mujeres, de las cuales el 78,1% eran trabajadoras manuales no cualificadas, frente al 44,9% de los hombres. En hombres de clase I se encontró una probabilidad mayor de presentar lesiones más graves (OR = 1,67; IC 95% = 1,17-2,38. Conclusiones. La gravedad de las lesiones se relaciona con el sexo, la edad y el tipo de lesión. En los hombres también se asocia con la situación profesional, la clase social, el lugar del accidente, la plantilla del centro y el realizar un trabajo que no es el suyo y en las mujeres con el sector de actividad.

Incidencia de las lesiones cutáneas malignas faciales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Luis Zequeira Peña

2003-04-01

Full Text Available Se realiza un estudio de las lesiones malignas de la piel facial en el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital "Manuel Ascunce Domenech" de Camagüey en los años 2000 y 2001. La información se obtuvo de 148 historias clínicas con el diagnóstico de lesiones malignas de la piel, de las cuales 42 correspondieron a lesiones de localización facial. La entidad que nos ocupa fue mayor en pacientes mayores de 50 años de edad, blancos, masculinos, con predominio en el tercio medio facial. Los principales tipos histológicos fueron: el carcinoma basocelular y el espinocelular, pero con mayor predominio en el primero. Se revisa el tema y se comparan nuestros resultados con los de otros autores.

Comportamiento de las lesiones por quemaduras atendidas antes de las 72 horas y después de dicho período

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mario Lozada Chinea

Full Text Available Introducción: las quemaduras representan uno de los accidentes más graves e incapacitantes, son una de las condiciones más devastadoras encontradas en la medicina. Objetivo: comparar el comportamiento de las lesiones por quemaduras en pacientes que recibieron atención especializada en las primeras 72 horas y después de dicho período, en la consulta externa de quemados del Hospital Universitario "General Calixto García". Métodos: se realizó un estudio longitudinal prospectivo de serie de casos. El universo estuvo constituido por los pacientes atendidos ambulatoriamente y con pronóstico de vida leve y menos grave. Las series se dividieron en pacientes que recibieron tratamiento tardíamente: grupo I y pacientes que recibieron atención antes de las primeras 72 horas: grupo II. Resultados: el 43,88 % de los pacientes del grupo 1 recibieron la atención al cuarto día y el 42,77 % presentaron signos de infección local. El 53,88 % de los pacientes del mismo grupo 1 fueron remitidos por sus médicos de familia y el 37,22 % presentó profundización en las lesiones. En ambos grupos predominó el tratamiento antibiótico local de las lesiones. Los pacientes del grupo 1 tuvieron un promedio de 16,59 días para la epitelización total de las lesiones, superior al grupo 2, lo que conllevó a un mayor número de sesiones de cura. Conclusiones: la atención especializada de las lesiones por quemaduras después de las primeras 72 horas, aumenta las probabilidades de infección y profundización como principales complicaciones, lo que contribuye a un retardo en el proceso de cicatrización y de rehabilitación.

Does pneumoconiosis of dental technician cause to calcific pleural lesions? (Case report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abdurrahman ŞENYİĞİT

2009-03-01

Full Text Available The articles about various pneumoconiosis in dental technicians who work in inconvenient conditions have been increasing in recent years. Exposure to dust and fume that occur during the dental procedure may play role in pneumoconiosis of dental technicians.A 53 years old male patient conveyed that he has worked in dental prosthesis procedures for 22 years (1968-1990.Environmental asbestosis was not established in the history of the case but there were calcified pleural plaques in the chest x-ray graphy.There were appearance of calcific asbest plaques in many section of thorax CT.A case of pneumoconiosis in dental technician who work in unadequate preventive conditions was reported in this paper. Probably ,exposure to the asbest fibers that occurs during the procedure of dental prosthesis were the main reason for developing calcific pleural lesions.

INCIDENCE OF SECONDARY ROOT CARIES LESIONS IN PATIENTS REFERRED FOR TREATMENT IN THE FACULTY OF DENTAL MEDICINE – SOFIA.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mirela Marinova-Takorova

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Purpose: The aim of the presented study was to determine the incidence of secondary root caries lesions in patients referred for treatment in the Faculty of Dental Medicine – Sofia. Material/Methods: The subjects who took part in the study were patients referred for treatment of caries lesions in the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Sofia. They were interviewed for smoking, presence of systematic diseases and medications and debris and plaque were removed from natural teeth prior to examination. Dental examination was carried out with a dental mirror and a probe. Decayed, missed and filled teeth (DMFT were recorded. Root caries lesions, restorations of those lesions and secondary caries lesions were recorded separately. Results: A total number of 603 patients were examined. The frequency of appearance of root caries in the investigated population was 33.5% (202 patients. The whole number of root caries lesions was 857. Three hundred forty three (41.4% of those lesions were restored. Presence of secondary caries lesions was observed in 138 cases (39.1%. Conclusions: Based on the data obtained from the presented study it may be concluded that most of the root caries lesions remain untreated (58.8%. Secondary carious was diagnosed in 39.1% of the root caries restorations. The patients with secondary caries lesions presented with higher incidence of concomitant diseases and lower incidence of smoking.

Maternal identification of dental caries lesions in their children aged 1-3 years.

Science.gov (United States)

Fernandes, I B; Sá-Pinto, A C; Silva Marques, L; Ramos-Jorge, J; Ramos-Jorge, M L

2017-06-01

To analyse the maternal identification of different stages of dental caries in children aged 1-3 years. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 274 children and their mothers. The mothers answered a questionnaire on the occurrence of dental caries in their children and completed questions addressing their demographic/socio-economic status. The oral examination of the children was performed using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System. Descriptive, Chi square test and Poisson regression statistical analyses were performed. The prevalence of initial and established/severe dental caries lesions by age were: 1 year (23.2 and 24.2%), 2 years (17.9 and 55.7%) and 3 years (23.3 and 60.3%) respectively. Significant associations between clinical examinations and the mothers' reports were observed among children aged 1 year old who had initial stage caries lesions (p = 0.006) and in children aged 1, 2 and 3 years old who had established/severe stage caries lesions (p dental caries both at initial (PR 4.01, 95% CI 1.35-11.94) and established/severe stages (PR 9.14, 95% CI 2.49-33.56) in children aged 1 year old. In children aged 2 and 3 years, this identification was more evident in the established/severe stage (2 years, PR 2.98, 95% CI 1.42-6.26; 3 years, PR 2.75, 95% CI 1.09-6.93). Mothers of children aged 1 year old identified dental caries at initial and established/severe stages. Mothers of children aged 2 and 3 years identified dental caries only at established/severe stages.

Lesiones incipientes de caries dental y su relación con la higiene bucal en niños venezolanos Incipient lesions of dental caries and its relation to oral hygiene in Venezuelan children

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alina Roche Martínez

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal con la finalidad de identificar la prevalencia de lesiones incipientes de caries dental (LIC y su relación con la higiene bucal en niños de 5-11 años del Área de Salud Integral Comunitaria (ASIC Macandona, Municipio Maracaibo del Estado de Zulia en Venezuela, en el periodo de enero a diciembre de 2006. El universo fue de 220 niños, de entre ellos se seleccionaron 120 que asistieron a la consulta en el periodo establecido y cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Las LIC se detectaron por el método clínico visual-táctil sin presión, el nivel de higiene bucal por índice de higiene bucal revisado y el antecedente de cepillado con flúor se obtuvo al interrogar a los padres. La medida resumen de datos fue el porcentaje y se empleó la prueba de diferencia de proporciones. El 33,3 % de los niños presentó dos LIC, de ellos el 60,7 % correspondió al sexo femenino; el 42,9 % de los niños con 2 LIC mostró higiene bucal inadecuada y los que utilizaron dentífricos fluorados diariamente estaban menos afectados. Ello permite concluir que más de la mitad de los niños presentaron LIC, y que las lesiones incipientes fueron más frecuentes en el sexo femenino, en los niños con deficiente higiene bucal, y en los que no utilizaban dentífricos fluorados diariamente.A cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study was conducted to identify the prevalence of dental caries incipient lesions (CIL and its relation to oral hygiene in children aged 5-11 of Community Integral Health Area (CIHA in Macandona municipality, Zulia State, Venezuela from January to December, 2006. Sample included 220 children selecting 120 seen in consultation during the established period and fulfilling the inclusion criteria. The CILs were detected by visual/tactile clinical method without pressure, the oral hygiene level by revised oral hygiene rate and the background of fluorine brushing was

La rehabilitación protésica en las lesiones bucales del adulto mayor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yaimara Pérez Hernández

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Introducción: las lesiones en la mucosa bucal relacionadas con el uso de prótesis constituyen un problema importante de salud, fundamentalmente en pacientes geriátricos. Objetivo: caracterizar las lesiones bucales en pacientes geriátricos rehabilitados protésicamente. Material y método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo en los consultorios médicos #9 y 47 de la Clínica Estomatológica Hermanos Saiz, municipio San Juan y Martínez, Pinar del Río, de septiembre de 2012 a septiembre de 2013. El universo estuvo conformado por 165 pacientes rehabilitados protésicamente, de los cuales 98 constituyeron la muestra, siendo pacientes que presentaron lesiones bucales producto del uso de prótesis. Como medida de resumen se utilizaron el número absoluto y el porcentaje. Resultados: el mayor número de pacientes se encontraban en edades entre 65 y 69 años, el sexo más afectado fue el femenino y las lesiones se encontraron principalmente en el maxilar y en pacientes que usaban prótesis totales de acrílico. Los pacientes que presentaban mala higiene de la prótesis eran más propensos a lesiones bucales. El mayor número de lesiones se encontró en pacientes que no practicaban el hábito de fumar. Conclusiones: se caracterizaron las lesiones bucales en pacientes geriátricos rehabilitados protésicamente, lo que posibilita proponer nuevas investigaciones sobre factores relacionados con el origen y prevención de dichas lesiones producto del uso de prótesis, y así mantener la comunicación necesaria de los implicados en el diagnóstico y atención de las personas longevas.

Dental Calculus Arrest of Dental Caries.

Science.gov (United States)

Keyes, Paul H; Rams, Thomas E

An inverse relationship between dental calculus mineralization and dental caries demineralization on teeth has been noted in some studies. Dental calculus may even form superficial layers over existing dental caries and arrest their progression, but this phenomenon has been only rarely documented and infrequently considered in the field of Cariology. To further assess the occurrence of dental calculus arrest of dental caries, this study evaluated a large number of extracted human teeth for the presence and location of dental caries, dental calculus, and dental plaque biofilms. A total of 1,200 teeth were preserved in 10% buffered formal saline, and viewed while moist by a single experienced examiner using a research stereomicroscope at 15-25× magnification. Representative teeth were sectioned and photographed, and their dental plaque biofilms subjected to gram-stain examination with light microscopy at 100× magnification. Dental calculus was observed on 1,140 (95%) of the extracted human teeth, and no dental carious lesions were found underlying dental calculus-covered surfaces on 1,139 of these teeth. However, dental calculus arrest of dental caries was found on one (0.54%) of 187 evaluated teeth that presented with unrestored proximal enamel caries. On the distal surface of a maxillary premolar tooth, dental calculus mineralization filled the outer surface cavitation of an incipient dental caries lesion. The dental calculus-covered carious lesion extended only slightly into enamel, and exhibited a brown pigmentation characteristic of inactive or arrested dental caries. In contrast, the tooth's mesial surface, without a superficial layer of dental calculus, had a large carious lesion going through enamel and deep into dentin. These observations further document the potential protective effects of dental calculus mineralization against dental caries.

Dental Calculus Arrest of Dental Caries

Science.gov (United States)

Keyes, Paul H.; Rams, Thomas E.

2016-01-01

Background An inverse relationship between dental calculus mineralization and dental caries demineralization on teeth has been noted in some studies. Dental calculus may even form superficial layers over existing dental caries and arrest their progression, but this phenomenon has been only rarely documented and infrequently considered in the field of Cariology. To further assess the occurrence of dental calculus arrest of dental caries, this study evaluated a large number of extracted human teeth for the presence and location of dental caries, dental calculus, and dental plaque biofilms. Materials and methods A total of 1,200 teeth were preserved in 10% buffered formal saline, and viewed while moist by a single experienced examiner using a research stereomicroscope at 15-25× magnification. Representative teeth were sectioned and photographed, and their dental plaque biofilms subjected to gram-stain examination with light microscopy at 100× magnification. Results Dental calculus was observed on 1,140 (95%) of the extracted human teeth, and no dental carious lesions were found underlying dental calculus-covered surfaces on 1,139 of these teeth. However, dental calculus arrest of dental caries was found on one (0.54%) of 187 evaluated teeth that presented with unrestored proximal enamel caries. On the distal surface of a maxillary premolar tooth, dental calculus mineralization filled the outer surface cavitation of an incipient dental caries lesion. The dental calculus-covered carious lesion extended only slightly into enamel, and exhibited a brown pigmentation characteristic of inactive or arrested dental caries. In contrast, the tooth's mesial surface, without a superficial layer of dental calculus, had a large carious lesion going through enamel and deep into dentin. Conclusions These observations further document the potential protective effects of dental calculus mineralization against dental caries. PMID:27446993

Methods dentists use to diagnose primary caries lesions prior to restorative treatment: findings from The Dental PBRN

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rindal, D Brad; Gordan, Valeria V; Litaker, Mark S

2010-01-01

To (1) quantify the diagnostic techniques used by Dental Practice-Based Research Network (DPBRN) dentists before they decide to treat primary caries lesions surgically and (2) examine whether certain dentist, practice, and patient characteristics are associated with their use.......To (1) quantify the diagnostic techniques used by Dental Practice-Based Research Network (DPBRN) dentists before they decide to treat primary caries lesions surgically and (2) examine whether certain dentist, practice, and patient characteristics are associated with their use....

Factores psicológicos y vulnerabilidad a las lesiones deportivas: un estudio en futbolistas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aurelio Olmedilla Zafra

2006-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la influencia de diversos factores psicológicos, considerados importantes para explicar el riesgo de que los futbolistas profesionales y semiprofesionales padezcan lesiones, en su práctica deportiva. Doscientos setenta y ocho futbolistas fueron objeto del estudio. Se utilizó un cuestionario para evaluar los factores psicológicos y otro que recogía los datos relativos a las lesiones que habían sufrido los futbolistas en los últimos tres años. Los resultados indican que la concentración es una variable que discrimina significativamente entre los futbolistas lesionados y no lesionados. Dentro del grupo de futbolistas lesionados, la evaluación de la ejecución deportiva muestra una relación significativa con las lesiones de carácter muy grave, así como tendencias a la significación estadística entre las variables autoconfianza y ansiedad con el número total de lesiones.

Lesiones iatrogénicas de las vías biliares

OpenAIRE

Limaylla-Vega, Himerón; Vega-Gonzales, Emilio

2017-01-01

Las lesiones iatrogénicas de las vías biliares (LIVB) representan una complicación quirúrgica grave de la colecistectomía laparoscópica (CL). Ocurre frecuentemente cuando se confunde el conducto biliar con el conducto cístico; y han sido clasificados por Strasberg y Bismuth, según el grado y nivel de la lesión. Alrededor del tercio de las LIVB se reconocen durante la CL, al detectar fuga biliar. No es recomendable su reparación inmediata, especialmente cuando la lesión está próxima a la confl...

Sutura primaria en las lesiones traumáticas del colon Primary suture applied in the colonic traumatic lesions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maribel Vicente Medina

2009-06-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN. Las suturas digestivas siempre han sido una preocupación para los cirujanos por la gravedad de las complicaciones que pueden presentarse. Fue objetivo de esta presentación demostrar la factibilidad de la sutura primaria en el colon. MÉTODOS. Presentamos los resultados de un período de 14 meses en los cuales se realizaron 32 suturas primarias en el colon a causa de lesiones traumáticas. Los pacientes fueron atendidos en dos hospitales, uno provincial y otro nacional en la República de Yemen. Se tomaron como datos fundamentales el tipo de trauma, la parte afectada del colon, las lesiones asociadas, el tipo de operación en el colon, las demás operaciones asociadas o complementarias, así como el uso de antibióticos. RESULTADOS. Se estudiaron 32 pacientes con lesiones traumáticas de colon, 29 de ellos (90,62 % por arma de fuego. Otras causas fueron las heridas por arma blanca y los accidentes de tránsito. Un porcentaje elevado de los casos necesitó la intervención en órganos abdominales o la resección de estos. El índice de complicaciones fue bajo (6 pacientes con una sola dehiscencia y 2 fístulas. No hubo que lamentar fallecidos. CONCLUSIONES. Es factible obtener buenos resultados con este procedimiento, que a la vez evita la tan objetada y molesta para los pacientes colostomía, con mínimo riesgo para ellos.INTRODUCTION: Digestive sutures always have been a concern for surgeons due to severity of possible complications. Aim of present presentation was to show feasibility of colon primary suture. METHODS: Results achieved during 14 months are presented, in which we performed 12 primary sutures in colon due to traumatic lesions. Patients were seen in two hospitals, one al provincial level and the other at national level in Yemen Republic. We took as essential data the type of trauma, the involved portion of colon, associated lesions, type of surgery in colon, the other associated or complementary surgeries, as well

Environmental lead pollution and its possible influence on tooth loss and hard dental tissue lesions.

Science.gov (United States)

Cenić-Milosević, Desanka; Mileusnić, Ivan; Kolak, Veljko; Pejanović, Djordje; Ristić, Tamara; Jakovljević, Ankica; Popović, Milica; Pesić, Dragana; Melih, Irena

2013-08-01

Environmental lead (Pb) pollution is a global problem. Hard dental tissue is capable of accumulating lead and other hard metals from the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate any correlation between the concentration of lead in teeth extracted from inhabitants of Pancevo and Belgrade, Serbia, belonging to different age groups and occurrence of tooth loss, caries and non-carious lesions. A total of 160 volunteers were chosen consecutively from Pancevo (the experimental group) and Belgrade (the control group) and divided into 5 age subgroups of 32 subjects each. Clinical examination consisted of caries and hard dental tissue diagnostics. The Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index and Significant Caries Index were calculated. Extracted teeth were freed of any organic residue by UV digestion and subjected to voltammetric analysis for the content of lead. The average DMFT scores in Pancevo (20.41) were higher than in Belgrade (16.52); in the patients aged 31-40 and 41-50 years the difference was significant (p lead concentration and the number of extracted teeth, number of carious lesions and non-carious lesions found in the patients living in Pancevo, one possible cause of tooth loss and hard dental tissue damage could be a long-term environmental exposure to lead.

Dental radiography: efficacy in the assessment of intraosseous lesions of the face and jaws in asymptomatic patients

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeichner, S.J.; Ruttimann, U.E.; Webber, R.L.

1987-01-01

In this investigation the efficacy of dental radiography for the detection of occult intraosseous lesions of the face and jaws was evaluated. An analysis of 30 million health insurance records indicated that the period prevalence of malignant lesions was less than 5 cases/million/year, and for benign lesions approximately 100 cases/million/year. Data from a controlled observer-performance study showed that radiographic sensitivities ranged between 50% and 80%. The cost per true-positive finding was estimated to be +8.6 million per malignant case and +430,000 per benign case. An assessment of the dosimetric literature indicated that the benefits of radiographic screening as a means for early detection of a malignancy appear to be counterbalanced by the risk of causing a radiation-induced malignancy. Taken together, these data demonstrate that dental radiography is not efficacious for the purpose of detecting occult lesions

Oral lesions and dental status among institutionalized orphans in Yemen: A matched case-control study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (OMLs and dental caries and to evaluate oral health practices among institutionalized orphan-children in Sana′a city, Yemen. Subjects and Methods: A sample of 202 institutionalized male-orphan-children in the main orphanage in Sana′a city, were matched to 202 non-orphan schoolchildren. Clinical examination included assessment of OMLs based on standard international diagnostic criteria and evaluation of dental status using the Decayed/decayed, Missed/missed and Filled/filled (DMFT/dmft index according to World Health Organization recommendations. Demographic data and oral hygiene practices were obtained by interviewing each subject using special questionnaire form. Results: Majority of children were in the 12-15 year age group. Nine types of lesions were reported among orphans; the most common lesions were fissured tongue (24.3%, herpes labialis (7.9% and traumatic ulcers (2.5%. The occurrence of herpes labialis was found to be significantly higher in orphans than in controls (P < 0.01. The prevalence of dental caries was insignificantly lower among the orphans (84.7% compared with the non-orphans (89.61%; P = 0.136. The mean dmft score was significantly lower in orphans than in controls (2.28 vs. 3.82; P = 0.001. Conclusions: The institutionalized children in this orphanage had a high prevalence of OMLs but low prevalence of dental caries, though they revealed poor oral hygiene practices. Effective oral health promotion strategies need to be implemented to improve the oral health and oral health practices of children living in orphanages.

Enfermería extrahospitalaria: Actuación en las lesiones por animales marinos.

OpenAIRE

Carmona Simarro, J.V.; Villalba Lizandra, N.

2003-01-01

Año tras año, durante los veranos, comprobamos cómo la incidencia de lesiones por la acción de los animales marinos ha sido significativa en toda la costa Mediterránea, asociada al aumento de la temperatura. La mejoría en la calidad de las aguas de las playas, el buen tiempo y el turismo han provocado que prácticamente durante los meses de julio, agosto y septiembre, éstas hayan estado casi llenas, lo que ha provocado una incidencia mayor de lesiones por los animales marin...

Urgencias por caries dental en pacientes de 4 a 12 años. Municipio Píritu, Venezuela. 2011

OpenAIRE

Mirabal Peón, Magaly Sofía; Tabares Alonso, Yadelis; Duque Reyes, María Victoria; Alfonso Biart, Belkis; Reyes Martín, Belkis; Villegas Rojas, Ivernis

2014-01-01

Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en los pacientes que acudieron a la clínica odontológica de Píritu, estado Falcón, Venezuela, en el período de junio a diciembre de 2011, y resultaron ser urgencia por caries dental. Con el objetivo de identificar el comportamiento de la misma, en las edades de 4 a 12 años, se clasificó la caries dental según localización y profundidad de las lesiones, se diagnosticó las patologías pulpares agudas encontradas con mayor frecuencia,...

Redefinición del concepto y del abordaje de las lesiones por humedad: Una propuesta conceptual y metodológica para mejorar el cuidado de las lesiones cutáneas asociadas a la humedad (LESCAH

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joan-Enric Torra i Bou

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Actualmente se percibe una indefinición manifiesta acerca de la conceptualización y abordaje de las llamadas lesiones por humedad en los entornos clínicos, docentes e investigadores de nuestro país, que muy frecuentemente relacionan este término solo con las lesiones producidas por la orina y las heces. Dadas las diversas repercusiones que se intuye pueden tener este tipo de lesiones, se hace necesario consensuar y unificar los distintos aspectos relacionados con el cuidado de estas heridas. En el presente artículo, y siguiendo la tendencia internacional, se propone la adopción del término lesiones cutáneas asociadas a la humedad (LESCAH para referirnos a la inflamación y erosión de la piel causada por la exposición prolongada a diversas fuentes de humedad, incluyendo la orina o las heces, el sudor, el exudado de la herida, el moco o la saliva. Desde esta premisa, se presentan y describen los diferentes tipos de LESCAH identificados en la clínica. Y finalmente, para facilitar la integración de la valoración, prevención y tratamiento de los pacientes con algún tipo de LESCAH, se propone un plan básico de actuación -denominado con el acrónimo CASPROT- con los distintos objetivos e intervenciones a realizar en cada fase.

Prótesis totales y lesiones bucales en adultos mayores institucionalizados

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Beatriz García Alpízar

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: las prótesis dentales constituyen una alternativa al perderse los dientes, pero no están exentas de provocar daños, que junto a la susceptibilidad de los tejidos, provocada por el envejecimiento e inadecuados estilos de vida, pueden llevar a la aparición de lesiones bucales. Objetivo: describir las características de pacientes portadores de prótesis totales y su relación con las lesiones bucales. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, con 93 ancianos institucionalizados portadores de prótesis total. Se utilizaron las pruebas de chi cuadrado y el riesgo relativo para determinar la asociación entre las variables: edad, sexo, higiene, estado de conservación, tiempo y frecuencia de uso de la prótesis, necesidades de prótesis, tipo de lesión, localización, hábito de fumar, enfermedades sistémicas y medicamentos empleados. Resultados: el 78,5 % de los ancianos presentó lesiones relacionadas con el uso de la prótesis. La estomatitis subprótesis fue la lesión más frecuente. La presencia de lesiones bucales fue significativa en aquellos con 80 años y más (100 %. El 95,8 % tenían prótesis deterioradas, y en la totalidad de ellos, las prótesis tenían 21 años y más de uso. El riesgo de desarrollar lesiones fue 2,98 veces superior en aquellos con una higiene bucal deficiente. El 100 % de los ancianos diabéticos y anémicos presentaron lesiones. Conclusiones: las lesiones bucales estuvieron muy relacionadas con los factores locales: estado de conservación, higiene, tiempo de uso de las prótesis; y con factores generales como: incremento de la edad, enfermedades sistémicas y uso de medicamentos para su tratamiento.

Caries dental en niños de 0-5 años del municipio de Andes, Colombia. Evaluación mediante el sistema internacional de detección y valoración de caries - ICDAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Blanca S. Ramírez-Puerta

2017-01-01

Full Text Available La falta de información de la situación de caries dental en la primera infancia en Andes, limita las acciones en el marco de la Alianza por un Futuro libre de Caries. Objetivo: establecer la situación de caries dental de los niños y niñas de 0 a 5 años del Municipio de Andes, Colombia. Metodología: fueron examinados 623 niños y niñas para evaluar la presencia y severidad de las lesiones de caries, con base en criterios del Sistema Internacional para la detección y evaluación de caries - icdas. Se calcularon las proporciones de experiencia y prevalencia de caries dental, y los índices cICDAS 5-6 opd y cICDAS 1-6 opd. Resultados: el 38,2% tenía experiencia de caries dental severa, cuando se incluyen las lesiones iniciales y moderadas de caries dental la experiencia fue 88,4%. Al año de edad, el 4,9% tenía lesiones severas de caries dental, y a los 5 años el 53,6% presentó este tipo de lesiones. El índice cICDAS 5-6 opd fue 0,15±0,8 al año de edad y 2,79±3,6 a los 5 años; el valor del indicador aumenta a 1,97±2,9 y 9,61±4,6 respectivamente, cuando se incluyen lesiones iniciales y moderadas de caries dental, cICDAS 1-6 opd. Discusión: la enfermedad está presente desde el primer año en el 58,8%, el doble de lo reportado en el país a esta edad (29,3%. Conclusión: los hallazgos resaltan la necesidad de diseñar estrategias integrales para el control de la enfermedad, que involucren la salud bucal en políticas y programas de primera infancia.

Environmental lead pollution and its possible influence on tooth loss and hard dental tissue lesions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cenić-Milošević Desanka

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Bacground/Aim. Environmental lead (Pb pollution is a global problem. Hard dental tissue is capable of accumulating lead and other hard metals from the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate any correlation between the concentration of lead in teeth extracted from inhabitants of Pančevo and Belgrade, Serbia, belonging to different age groups and occurrence of tooth loss, caries and non-carious lesions. Methods. A total of 160 volunteers were chosen consecutively from Pančevo (the experimental group and Belgrade (the control group and divided into 5 age subgroups of 32 subjects each. Clinical examination consisted of caries and hard dental tissue diagnostics. The Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (DMFT Index and Significant Caries Index were calculated. Extracted teeth were freed of any organic residue by UV digestion and subjected to voltammetric analysis for the content of lead. Results. The average DMFT scores in Pančevo (20.41 were higher than in Belgrade (16.52; in the patients aged 31-40 and 41-50 years the difference was significant (p < 0.05 and highly significant in the patients aged 51-60 (23.69 vs 18.5, p < 0.01. Non-carious lesions were diagnosed in 71 (44% patients from Pančevo and 39 (24% patients from Belgrade. The concentrations of Pb in extracted teeth in all the groups from Pančevo were statistically significantly (p < 0.05 higher than in all the groups from Belgrade. In the patients from Pančevo correlations between Pb concentration in extracted teeth and the number of extracted teeth, the number of carious lesions and the number of non-carious lesions showed a statistical significance (p < 0.001, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively. Conclusion. According to correlations between lead concentration and the number of extracted teeth, number of carious lesions and non-carious lesions found in the patients living in Pančevo, one possible cause of tooth loss and hard dental tissue damage could be a long

Caries dental asociada a factores de riesgo durante el embarazo The dental caries associated with risk factor during pregnancy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antonio Cecilio Pérez Oviedo

2011-06-01

Full Text Available El periodo gestacional se relaciona con una mayor incidencia de caries dental, aunque la asociación entre gestación e incremento de caries no ha podido aún ser científicamente demostrada. Se propuso realizar un estudio para determinar la presencia de caries dental y algunos factores de riesgo asociados en el primer y tercer trimestre del embarazo, para detectar la aparición de lesiones cariosas nuevas y cambios relacionados con los factores de riesgo entre ambos trimestres. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal desde diciembre de 2006 a febrero de 2008 en el municipio de Florida, Camagüey, Cuba. El universo de estudio estuvo constituido por 38 embarazadas y la muestra por 21, que fueron interrogadas y examinadas en ambos trimestres con el objetivo de determinar la presencia de caries y los factores de riesgo asociados como: higiene bucal deficiente, dieta cariogénica, pH salival bajo, ocurrencia de vómitos y embarazo previo. La información necesaria fue recogida en un formulario confeccionado al efecto. En el primer trimestre el 80,95 % estaban afectadas por caries dental y se observó aparición de lesiones nuevas en 6 embarazadas, en el tercer trimestre. Los factores de riesgo presentados con mayor frecuencia en el primer trimestre fueron la dieta cariogénica en el 66,66 % y la higiene bucal deficiente en el 47,61 % de las pacientes. Ninguna embarazada modificó la dieta durante el embarazo, sin embargo la higiene bucal deficiente persistió en el 14,28 %. El 52,38 % de las embarazadas afectadas en el primer trimestre consumían dieta cariogénica y el 47,61 % habían tenido embarazo previo. Se concluyó que hubo afectación por nuevas caries durante el embarazo, los factores de riesgo que predominantes fueron la dieta cariogénica, la higiene bucal deficiente y el embarazo previo. Las pacientes no modificaron la dieta durante el embarazo, pero sí mejoraron la higiene bucal. Todas las que presentaban vómitos y pH salival

El impacto económico de las lesiones por presión. Revisión bibliográfica integrativa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joan-Enric Torra-Bou

Full Text Available Resumen: Las lesiones por presión son un importante problema de salud con una gran repercusión epidemiológica y un gran impacto a nivel de salud y calidad de vida que genera importantes costes para las personas, instituciones y sistemas de salud. A pesar de la importancia económica del problema de las lesiones por presión, prácticamente no existe información sistematizada acerca de las diferentes dimensiones de su coste. Para cubrir esta falta de información se planteó la realización de una revisión integrativa acerca de la dimensión económica del problema de las lesiones por presión. Se han identificado y analizado 89 documentos con información económica acerca del problema de las lesiones por presión. La información se ha sistematizado basándose en los siguientes apartados: tiempo necesario para la cicatrización, impacto en las estancias hospitalarias, costes relacionados con la seguridad de los pacientes, impacto en los grupos relacionados de diagnóstico, coste total, coste por episodio, por tipo de tratamiento, de las complicaciones, de las demandas legales, de los años de vida ganados ajustados a calidad de vida, en pacientes lesionados medulares y con otras condiciones, y los costes de medidas preventivas.

Incidencia de las lesiones deportivas en baloncesto amateur y su prevención

OpenAIRE

López González, Luis

2014-01-01

Antecedentes: En la actualidad, el interés creciente por el hábito deportivo en Estados Unidos (EE.UU) y Europa especialmente, explica que el baloncesto gane en número de participantes afianzándose como uno de los deportes “rey”. Inevitablemente unido a este hecho, también lo hace en número de lesiones. La epidemiología de lesiones en el baloncesto conforma una entidad ampliamente estudiada en la actualidad por el motivo de su alta incidencia. Entre todas las lesiones, el esguince de tobillo ...

Epidemiología de las lesiones por mordedura de perro en Tierra del Fuego, Argentina Epidemiology of dog bite lesions in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabián Zanini

2008-02-01

Full Text Available La convivencia del hombre y el perro ha resultado en beneficios mutuos durante miles de años, si bien en el último tiempo han surgido una serie de inconvenientes donde las lesiones por mordeduras ocupan un lugar destacado. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue describir las características epidemiológicas de las lesiones por mordedura de perro ocurridas a lo largo de un año en Tierra del Fuego. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, transversal, de los pacientes que ingresaron con lesiones por mordedura de perro al Servicio de Guardia Clínica y Pediátrica de los Hospitales y Centros de Salud desde el 1/3/05 hasta el 1/3/06. Se confeccionaron 382 planillas. El 49.5% fueron niños resultando más afectado el grupo de 5-9 años (44.4%; IC95% 37.2-51.8. En adultos correspondió al grupo de 15-24 años (29.5%; IC95% 23.2-36.5. Se registraron más lesiones en varones (57.6% que en mujeres (42.4% (x² = 8.6, p= 0.003. En los meses primavera y verano se registró el 56.5% de las lesiones, en la vía pública el 72.8% de ellas. Los perros de tamaño grande causaron el 49.7% (IC95% 44.6-54.9 de las lesiones. El 89.8% de los ataques fueron causados por perros ajenos. El 55.8% (IC95% 50.6-60.8 se registró en miembros inferiores y el 11% (IC95% 8.1-14.7 en cabeza y cuello. Los datos obtenidos demuestran que en Tierra del Fuego las lesiones por mordedura de perro afectan en forma permanente la salud e impactan en la calidad de vida de la población.The coexistence between man and dog has resulted in mutual benefits during thousands of years, nevertheless some problems have recently arisen where bite injuries have an important role. The aim of this work was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of dog bite lesions which occurred during a year in Tierra del Fuego. A descriptive observational, transversal study of patients who were admitted with dog bite injuries to clinic and pediatric emergency services of hospitals and health

Anatomía de la furca dentaria y lesiones de furcación. Parte 1. Revisión de tema

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yuri Alejandro Castro Rodríguez

2015-01-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad periodontal, debida principalmente a la presencia de la biopelícula, provoca la pérdida de inserción y de hueso a nivel de las raíces dentales, el avance de la patología periodontal conlleva en los dientes multiradiculares a compromisos en la zona de furca; estos constituyen una lesión particular, única y difícil de tratar por las características anatómicas de la zona. La furca dental es la zona anatómica que comprende al área de división de las raíces de dientes multiradiculares; ya sean premolares o molares. Las patologías que afectan esta zona son muy complejas y reciben el nombre de lesiones de furcación o lesiones de la furca. Los defectos en furcaciones representan un gran reto para los terapistas debido a sus características anatómicas y a su variabilidad en cuanto a la forma de respuesta al tratamiento. La pérdida de inserción se desarrolla en sentido horizontal o vertical. Un amplio rango de modalidades de tratamiento han sido dirigidos a mantener esta área anatómica. El presente artículo recopila la información más actualizada y relevante de bases de datos como PubMed y Cochrane sobre la anatomía de dientes multiradiculares, la furca dentaria así como las consideraciones para el diagnóstico de las lesiones de furcación.

Lesiones de la mucosa bucal detectadas en las primeras visitas realizadas en la Clínica Odontológica Universitaria

OpenAIRE

Ruiz Jordán, S.; Gutiérrez Moreno, R.; Chimenos Küstner, Eduardo

2012-01-01

Se presenta un estudio descriptivo de prevalencia de patología de la mucosa bucal, en una muestra de 1491 pacientes, visitados en la Clínica Odontológica Universitaria de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Barcelona. Entre los objetivos planteados se persigue conocer la asociación de las lesiones más prevalentes con la patología sistémica y con los hábitos tóxicos. Las lesiones más prevalentes fueron las clasificadas en el grupo de lesiones blancas. No se pudo confirmar una mayor...

Prótesis totales y lesiones bucales en adultos mayores institucionalizados Total Prosthetics and Oral Lesions in Institutionalized Elderly

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Beatriz García Alpízar

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: las prótesis dentales constituyen una alternativa al perderse los dientes, pero no están exentas de provocar daños, que junto a la susceptibilidad de los tejidos, provocada por el envejecimiento e inadecuados estilos de vida, pueden llevar a la aparición de lesiones bucales. Objetivo: describir las características de pacientes portadores de prótesis totales y su relación con las lesiones bucales. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, con 93 ancianos institucionalizados portadores de prótesis total. Se utilizaron las pruebas de chi cuadrado y el riesgo relativo para determinar la asociación entre las variables: edad, sexo, higiene, estado de conservación, tiempo y frecuencia de uso de la prótesis, necesidades de prótesis, tipo de lesión, localización, hábito de fumar, enfermedades sistémicas y medicamentos empleados. Resultados: el 78,5 % de los ancianos presentó lesiones relacionadas con el uso de la prótesis. La estomatitis subprótesis fue la lesión más frecuente. La presencia de lesiones bucales fue significativa en aquellos con 80 años y más (100 %. El 95,8 % tenían prótesis deterioradas, y en la totalidad de ellos, las prótesis tenían 21 años y más de uso. El riesgo de desarrollar lesiones fue 2,98 veces superior en aquellos con una higiene bucal deficiente. El 100 % de los ancianos diabéticos y anémicos presentaron lesiones. Conclusiones: las lesiones bucales estuvieron muy relacionadas con los factores locales: estado de conservación, higiene, tiempo de uso de las prótesis; y con factores generales como: incremento de la edad, enfermedades sistémicas y uso de medicamentos para su tratamiento.Background: Prosthetics or dentures are an alternative to missing teeth. Nevertheless, they carry the risk of producing certain damage that, along with the susceptibility of the tissues caused by aging and inadequate lifestyles, can lead to the development of oral lesions. Objective: To describe the

Eficacia de la Terapia Manual para las lesiones de hombro en crossfit

OpenAIRE

Pérez Gil, Lauro

2015-01-01

La elevada difusión que ha adquirido la práctica de crossfit en la actualidad entre la población como método de mantenerse en forma conlleva la aparición de múltiples lesiones debido a la excesiva intensidad y nivel habilidad que algunos de los ejercicios presentan y que hacen aparecer compensaciones lesivas. Una de las articulaciones más afectadas es el hombro debido a que es sometido a cargas excesivas o en ángulos incorrectos que hacen aparecer lesiones tales como sobrecargas musculares, c...

Dental lesions and restorative treatment in molars

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gheorghiu Irina-Maria

2017-08-01

Full Text Available This article review specific clinical issues of the molar teeth, as well as the therapeutic approach of their pathology. The dental pathology we face in the group of molars is related to: dental caries, dental trauma (crown and crown-root fractures, dental wear phenomena. The therapeutic approach of the molar teeth is represented by: restoration of the loss of hard dental tissues; endodontic treatments of pulpal and periapical complications; surgical treatment. The restorative treatments in molars are: direct restorations, with or without supplementary anchorage for obturations; inlay, onlay; prosthetic crown.

Periapical and pulp lesions in the stomatological emergency consultation at Felipe Soto dental clinic. 2010-2011

OpenAIRE

Bertrán Herrero, Grethell; Rosales Alonso, José Luis

2014-01-01

Introducción: la mayoría de las urgencias estomatológicas se debe a enfermedades pulpares y periapicales. En nuestro país son pocos los estudios realizados en relación con la prevalencia de estas lesiones en la población, lo que motivó la realización de este trabajo. Objetivo: determinar el comportamiento de las lesiones pulpares y periapicales en pacientes de 19 a 59 años. Material y Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal a pacientes comprendidos entre 19 y 59 años de edad q...

Apoyo social y la recuperación de las lesiones deportivas: una revisión de las evidencias empíricas y sus implicaciones para la práctica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Helder Miguel Fernandes

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Los estudios epidemiológicos han demostrado que, cada año, un número considerable de atletas y de practicantes de actividad física sufre una lesión causante de discapacidad y de otras repercusiones negativas para el bienestar físico, psicológico y social. Además, las investigaciones actuales revelan que la prevalencia de las lesiones asociadas a los deportes varía según el género, la edad, el deporte, el nivel competitivo, la posición en el juego, entre otros. Aunque los factores físicos constituyen las principales causas de las lesiones más comunes, varios estudios han sugerido que los factores psicológicos y sociales también ejercen un efecto significativo en la prevención y rehabilitación de las lesiones deportivas. Entre los factores psicosociales estudiados, el apoyo o soporte social percibido por el propio deportista se ha destacado como un importante mecanismo para controlar el distrés emocional y afrontar mejor las dificultades inherentes al proceso de recuperación de las lesiones deportivas. Sin embargo, la investigación también indica que las fuentes de apoyo social tienden a no satisfacer las expectativas y necesidades de soporte social de los atletas, siendo insuficientes en determinadas fases de la rehabilitación. Igualmente, algunos estudios han sugerido que el apoyo social puede inducir efectos perjudiciales en determinadas circunstancias. Por lo tanto, los entrenadores y profesionales de la salud (médicos, fisioterapeutas, psicólogos, etc. Deben tener conocimiento de estos factores influyentes y implementar intervenciones desde un punto de vista más integral con el fin de promover la recuperación de los atletas y mejorar su bienestar.

Correlación cito-histológica de las lesiones premalignas y malignas de cuello uterino Cyto-histological correlation of the pre-malignant and malignant lesions of the cervix

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gladys Rafaela Cirión Martínez

2010-03-01

Full Text Available El control de la calidad es obligatorio para cualquier programa. Es importante en el diagnóstico de lesiones de cuello uterino puesto que el cáncer cervical es la segunda causa de mortalidad en la mujer. Objetivos: Determinar la correlación cito-histológica de las lesiones premalignas y malignas de cuello uterino. Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico "Abel Santamaría" en el período 2004-2007 Diseño: Se realizó un estudio de validación externa de la citología orgánica del cuello uterino mediante un diseño observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Sujetos y método. Universo: 7174 mujeres con biopsia del cuello uterino, de las cuales 3240 provenían del Programa de Detección Precoz del Cáncer Cérvico-Uterino (PDPCCU. Se determinó la edad, correspondencia diagnóstica entre citología y biopsia y el rendimiento de la citología orgánica según tipo de lesión. Se usó la estadística descriptiva para resumir las variables categóricas y cuantitativas continuas. Se calculó la sensibilidad y la especificidad de los diagnósticos. Resultados. Se produjo un aumento progresivo de las biopsias de cuello realizadas, con un incremento significativo de los casos del PDPCCU. Predominó el diagnóstico de lesiones premalignas; las más frecuentes fueron las NIC I. La correlación cito-histológica y la sensibilidad aumentaron con la severidad de las lesiones. La especificidad se mantuvo constante para todas las lesiones. Conclusión. Se comprobó que la calidad se mantiene entre los estándares internacionales.Quality control is compulsory for any programs, being of a great importance the diagnosis of the lesions in the cervix, cervical cancer is the second cause of death in women. Objectives: To determine the cyto-histological correlation of the pre-malignant and malignant lesions of the cervix. This research paper was carried out at "Abel Santamaria Cuadrado" University Hospital during 2004-2007. Design: An external validation study was conducted

Deporte de ocio en España: epidemiología de las lesiones y sus consecuencias

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos García González

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción y objetivos. Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico de casos, descriptivo y analítico. El objetivo fue la valoración de las lesiones deportivas producidas durante la práctica de deporte de ocio en el ámbito geográfico de todas las comunidades autónomas de España. Método. Se realizaron encuestas a un total de 1616 sujetos que hubieran sufrido una lesión en los últimos 12 meses practicando deporte a modo de ocio. La compilación de la información se realizó mediante una base de datos digital hospedada en un servidor web vinculado a una encuesta digital a través de la cual se registraron las respuestas de los sujetos. Resultados. Dentro de la muestra, un 72,5 % fueron hombres y un 27,5 % mujeres; así como el 74,4 % fueron sujetos de hasta 35 años de edad y el 25,6 % restante, mayores de 35 años. El deporte que generó mayor número de lesiones fue el fútbol (27,6 % del total de accidentes; seguido por la carrera (8,6 %, el fútbol sala (7,9 % y el baloncesto (7,7 %. Atendiendo a las consecuencias de las lesiones, los deportes que manifestaron un mayor porcentaje de secuelas tras el accidente fueron: baloncesto (el 70,2 % de los lesionados, fútbol (69,5 % y ciclismo (66,7 %. Asimismo, los que más porcentaje de rehabilitación tras lesión requirieron fueron: atletismo (78,9 %, pádel (72,2 % y tenis (71,7 %. Por último, los que más bajas laborales supusieron fueron: tenis (26,1 %, fútbol sala (26 % y artes marciales (22,8 %. Conclusiones. Los resultados muestran una descriptiva general de la influencia que las consecuencias de las lesiones deportivas tienen en la sociedad española. Más estudios comparativos de casos de lesionados y no lesionados en deporte amateur serían recomendables para establecer campañas de prevención.

Caries dental asociada a factores de riesgo durante el embarazo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antonio Cecilio Pérez Oviedo

2011-06-01

Full Text Available El periodo gestacional se relaciona con una mayor incidencia de caries dental, aunque la asociación entre gestación e incremento de caries no ha podido aún ser científicamente demostrada. Se propuso realizar un estudio para determinar la presencia de caries dental y algunos factores de riesgo asociados en el primer y tercer trimestre del embarazo, para detectar la aparición de lesiones cariosas nuevas y cambios relacionados con los factores de riesgo entre ambos trimestres. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal desde diciembre de 2006 a febrero de 2008 en el municipio de Florida, Camagüey, Cuba. El universo de estudio estuvo constituido por 38 embarazadas y la muestra por 21, que fueron interrogadas y examinadas en ambos trimestres con el objetivo de determinar la presencia de caries y los factores de riesgo asociados como: higiene bucal deficiente, dieta cariogénica, pH salival bajo, ocurrencia de vómitos y embarazo previo. La información necesaria fue recogida en un formulario confeccionado al efecto. En el primer trimestre el 80,95 % estaban afectadas por caries dental y se observó aparición de lesiones nuevas en 6 embarazadas, en el tercer trimestre. Los factores de riesgo presentados con mayor frecuencia en el primer trimestre fueron la dieta cariogénica en el 66,66 % y la higiene bucal deficiente en el 47,61 % de las pacientes. Ninguna embarazada modificó la dieta durante el embarazo, sin embargo la higiene bucal deficiente persistió en el 14,28 %. El 52,38 % de las embarazadas afectadas en el primer trimestre consumían dieta cariogénica y el 47,61 % habían tenido embarazo previo. Se concluyó que hubo afectación por nuevas caries durante el embarazo, los factores de riesgo que predominantes fueron la dieta cariogénica, la higiene bucal deficiente y el embarazo previo. Las pacientes no modificaron la dieta durante el embarazo, pero sí mejoraron la higiene bucal. Todas las que presentaban vómitos y pH salival

La importancia del calzado en las principales lesiones de rodilla en corredores

OpenAIRE

Izquierdo Peña, Javier

2016-01-01

El enfoque contemporáneo orientado al mantenimiento y a la mejoría de la salud ha puesto de moda el running en nuestro país pero la práctica de este deporte no está exenta del riesgo de padecer lesiones. En la sociedad actual está muy extendida la idea de que la equipación con zapatillas con la última tecnología puede proteger y ayudar a mejorar frente a las lesiones, no solo de rodilla sino también de otras partes del cuerpo. Los diversos estudios científicos analizados pretenden estab...

Resorptive tooth root lesions in the Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus).

Science.gov (United States)

Da Silva, Mari-Ann O; Kortegaard, Hanne E; Choong, Siew Shean; Arnbjerg, Jens; Bertelsen, Mads F

2011-03-01

Facial abscessation and osteomyelitis due to dental disease is commonly seen in the Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus), but little is known about the prevalence or etiology of these lesions. To determine the prevalence of dental ailments, 56 skulls and mandibles of deceased Malayan tapirs were visually and radiographically evaluated. Dental lesions were scored according to severity, and individuals were classified according to their age (juvenile/ young adult/adult) and origin (captive/free ranging). All of the lesions identified were of a resorptive nature. seemingly originating at the cementoenamel junction and burrowing towards the center of the tooth. Overall, 27% of the investigated skulls presented radiolucent dental lesions. The prevalence among captive animals was 52% (13/25), while only 6% (2/31) of the free-ranging tapirs had dental lesions. The second, third, and fourth premolars and first molar were the teeth most commonly affected, and the mandibular teeth were more often involved than the maxillary dentition. This study demonstrates a high prevalence of resorptive dental lesions in captive Malayan tapirs and provides a strong indication that age and captivity are significant risk factors in the development of these lesions. Dental disease, Malayan tapir, radiology, resorptive lesions, Tapirus indicus.

Repercusión de las lesiones medulares traumáticas en la dinámica vesical: perspectivas de seguimiento

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Héctor Alfonso Solano Moreno

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Las lesiones en la médula espinal representan un porcentaje importante como causa de discapacidad en México y en el mundo, siendo la tercera causa con un porcentaje superior a 25%. Este tipo de pacientes sufre múltiples complicaciones y una de ellas es la que corresponde al sistema urológico al que muchas veces no se le da un seguimiento de manera regular. Dentro de las lesiones de las vías neurológicas, que inervan a la vejiga, pueden afectar a uno o varios aspectos de la fisiología, ya sea su fase de llenado, de almacenamiento o de vaciamiento, lo anterior según el área nerviosa alcanzada y la naturaleza de la lesión; estas lesiones deben ser manejadas por el mismo urólogo que debe seleccionar la opción terapéutica adecuada en su ámbito de competencia, tomando en cuenta los pros y contras de cada una de ellas, ya que esto tendrá una repercusión en la calidad de vida del paciente, así como continuar un programa de seguimiento para la detección de complicaciones de manera oportuna. Particularmente el cateterismo urinario es pilar fundamental para el manejo de las lesiones medulares postraumáticas, ya que puede contribuir a la disminución de las complicaciones.

Risk factors for tooth wear lesions among patients attending the dental clinic of a Nigerian Teaching Hospital, Benin City: A pilot study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Okeigbemen A Sunny

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Aims: This study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with tooth wear lesions in patients attending a dental clinic. Context: Tooth wear lesions entail the loss of dental hard tissues in the absence of caries or trauma. They include abrasion, attrition, and erosion. The etiology is often related to habits leading to insidious symptoms with similar presentations in both community and hospital patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved patients attending the outpatient dental clinic of a Nigerian Teaching Hospital over a 3-month period. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondents. Results: A total of 152 respondents aged 17–80 years and above, comprising 86 males (56.6%, and 66 females (43.3% constituted the study population. The Binis were the most represented 34.2%, followed by the Esans 21.1%, while the least represented were the Yorubas (6.6%. The occupations represented in this study include civil servants (30.3%, unskilled workers (23.7%, and non-medical professionals (7.9%. Tooth wear lesions were present in 55.3% of the respondents. Attrition accounted for 29.6%, Abrasion (11.8%, combination of attrition and abrasion (4.6%, and abfraction (2.0%. There was a statistically significant association between tooth wear lesions and age, occupation, sensitivity or pain, tooth cleaning aids, toothbrush texture brushing technique, intake of carbonated beverages, and method of intake. Conclusion: Tooth wear lesions such as attrition and abrasion were prevalent among the respondents in this hospital setting and, therefore, represent an important group of dental problems among this population. It is, therefore, important to direct the appropriate oral health awareness program for the prevention, early detection, and management of these conditions.

Radiographic signs and diagnosis of dental disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bellows, J.

1993-01-01

Dental radiographs are critical for the complete assessment and treatment of dental diseases. Dental radiography is commonly used to evaluate congenital dental defects, periodontal disease, orthodontic manipulations, oral tumors, endodontic treatments, oral trauma, and any situation where an abnormality is suspected. Although standard radiographic equipment and film can be used to produce dental radiographs, dental X-ray equipment and film provide superior quality images and greater convenience of animal patient positioning. An understanding of normal dental radiographic anatomy is important when interpreting dental radiographs. Stage III periodontitis is the earliest stage of periodontal disease at which radiographic abnormalities become apparent. Bone loss associated with periodontal disease can be classified as either horizontal or vertical. Periapical radiolucencies can represent granulomas, cysts, or abscesses, whereas periapical radiodensities may represent sclerotic bone or condensing osteitis. Lytic lesions of the bone of the jaw often represent oral neoplasms. Neoplasms also can displace or disrupt teeth in the dental arch. Resorptive lesions can be external or internal and appear as radiolucent areas involving the external surface of the root or the pulp cavity, respectively. Feline dental resorptive lesions, also known as odontoclastic resorptions, are a specific form of dental resorptive lesions unique to cats

DENTAL TRANSPOSITION: CHARACTERIZATION AND DENTAL ANOMALIES ASSOCIATED WITH A POPULATION OF CALI, COLOMBIA, 1997-2011

OpenAIRE

Hernández, José Jesús A.; Villavicencio, Judy; Arango, María Cristina

2013-01-01

Introducción: el objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar la transposición dental en una población que asistió a la consulta de odontopediatría en Cali, Colombia, entre enero de 1997 y octubre de 2011 y describir las anomalías dentales asociadas. Métodos: estudio descriptivo de tipo retrospectivo. Un total de 1.809 radiografías panorámicas se revisaron estableciendo la presencia de la transposición dental y las anomalías dentales asociadas. Las siguientes variables se registraron: edad...

Repercusión de las lesiones medulares traumáticas en la dinámica vesical: perspectivas de seguimiento

OpenAIRE

Solano Moreno,Héctor Alfonso; San Roman Vazquez,Alejandro

2013-01-01

Las lesiones en la médula espinal representan un porcentaje importante como causa de discapacidad en México y en el mundo, siendo la tercera causa con un porcentaje superior a 25%. Este tipo de pacientes sufre múltiples complicaciones y una de ellas es la que corresponde al sistema urológico al que muchas veces no se le da un seguimiento de manera regular. Dentro de las lesiones de las vías neurológicas, que inervan a la vejiga, pueden afectar a uno o varios aspectos de la fisiología, ya sea ...

Dental magnetic resonance imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hilgenfeld, Tim; Bendszus, Martin; Haehnel, Stefan

2016-01-01

Growing distribution and utilization of digital volume tomography (DVT) extend the spectrum of clinical dental imaging. Additional diagnostic value, however, comes along with an increasing amount of radiation. In contrast, magnetic resonance imaging is a radiation free imaging technique. Furthermore, it offers a high soft tissue contrast. Morphological and numerical dental anomalies, differentiation of periapical lesions and exclusion of complications of dental diseases are field of applications for dental MRI. In addition, detection of caries and periodontal lesions and injury of inferior alveolar nerve are promising application areas in the future.

Las lesiones por choques automovilísticos (Motor Vehicle Crash Injuries)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2014-10-07

Este podcast se basa en el informe Signos Vitales de los CDC de octubre del 2014. Las lesiones por choques automovilísticos son costosas y prevenibles. Aprenda lo que puede hacer para ayudar a prevenirlas.  Created: 10/7/2014 by National Center for Injury Prevention and Cobtrol (NCIPC).   Date Released: 10/7/2014.

Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de las lesiones de la mucosa oral en la población urbana del Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Beatriz Casnati

Full Text Available Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de las lesiones de la mucosa bucal e identificar los factores de riesgo en el desarrollo de las mismas en una muestra representativa de la población adulta urbana del Uruguay. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio transversal que registró 922 personas (537 F/385M, edades de 15-24, 35-44 y 65-74 años basado en un diseño muestral estratificado por conglomerado polietápico. A partir de los datos de la muestra se estimaron las prevalencias de cada entidad así como los intervalos de confianza al 95%. Resultados: La candidosis y las lesiones proliferativas se observaron en 26% y en 17% de las personas y se presentaron significativamente asociadas al género femenino. La prevalencia de la leucoplasia fue del 7% y en el análisis multivariado presentó una asociación significativa con el consumo de mate. Conclusiones: Las lesiones orales se presentan de manera prevalente en los adultos mayores en el Uruguay, lo que sugiere que se deberían implementar programas de prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuado de las mismas

Conocimiento sobre salud buco-dental de las embarazadas. Consultorio La California. 2012

OpenAIRE

Yero Mier, Ileana María; García Rodríguez, Marisel; Reytor Saavedra, Eduardo; Nazco Barrios, Lidia Ester

2013-01-01

Fundamento: existe desconocimiento sobre salud bucal de las embarazadas, como consecuencia acuden con frecuencia a los servicios de estomatología. Objetivo: identificar el nivel de conocimiento sobre salud buco-dental en pacientes embarazadas del Consultorio La California. 2012. Metodología: se realizó estudio observacional descriptivo. La población y la muestra fueron 93 embarazadas que asistieron a la consulta estomatológica. Se analizaron diferentes afecciones e identificación de factores ...

Mecanobiología de la interfase hueso-implante dental Mechanobiology of bone-dental implant interphase

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Carlos Vanegas Acosta

2010-03-01

Full Text Available La osteointegración es la conexión estructural y funcional entre el hueso y un implante. Cuando un implante se inserta en el hueso, se crea la denominada interfase hueso-implante, una zona de unión entre la superficie del biomaterial del implante y el hueso circundante. La cicatrización de esta interfase depende de las condiciones biológicas del hueso, las características de diseño del implante y la distribución de cargas entre hueso e implante. En este artículo se hace una revisión del proceso de cicatrización de la interfase hueso-implante para el caso de un implante dental. El objetivo es describir la secuencia de eventos biológicos iniciados con la lesión causada por la inserción del implante y que concluyen con la formación de nuevo hueso en la interfase. Esta descripción incluye una novedosa clasificación de los fenómenos mecánicos que intervienen durante el proceso de cicatrización de los tejidos lesionados. Esta descripción mecanobiológica de la interfase hueso-implante dental se utiliza para determinar las características más relevantes a tener en cuenta en la formulación de un modelo matemático de la osteointegración de implantes dentales.The osteointegration is the structural and functional connection between bone and implant. When an implant is inserted in bone, it creates the so-called bone-implant interphase, a joint zone between implant biomaterial surface and the surrounding bone. The healing of this interphase depends on bone biological conditions, characteristic of implant design and the distribution of loads between bone and implant. The aim of present article is to review of healing process of bone-implant interphase for a dental implant and also to describe the sequence of biological events beginning with lesion caused by implant insertion and leading to the formation of a new bone in the interphase. This description includes a novel classification of mechanical phenomena present in the healing

Lesiones más frecuentes en el boxeo durante un año de entrenamiento en todas las categorías. Pinar del Río, Año 2005

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Alejandro Álvarez Gutiérrez

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio de carácter descriptivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo a los atletas de boxeo de todas las categorías de edades en Pinar del Río en el período comprendido de enero del 2005 a enero del 2006 con el objetivo de conocer las lesiones más frecuentes que los afectaron. Se encontró como la categoría de edad más afectada la social con 172 lesiones para el 54.2 % del total, se comprobó que las lesiones traumáticas eran superiores a las no traumáticas en la mayoría de las categorías de edades, excepto en la pioneril y la estudiantil. Dentro de las categorías estudiantil y juvenil las lesiones en la cara fueron las significativas, siendo las del aparato motor en la social, se relacionaron las principales causas en las categorías más afectadas Se arribó a conclusiones y se dieron recomendaciones.

Influencia de la formación en triatlón a edades tempranas, sobre las lesiones de este deporte

OpenAIRE

Bernasconi, Eddi

2016-01-01

Programa de doctorado: Avances en Traumatología, Medicina del Deporte, Cuidado de Heridas (Interdepartamental). Bienio 2007/2009. La fecha de publicación es la fecha de lectura [ES]Objetivos: analizar la existencia de asociaciones entre la formación temprana en las disciplinas del triatlón, y las lesiones del triatleta adulto. Estudiar la prevalencia de lesiones en el triatlón. Método: estudio descriptivo transversal retrospectivo, donde se envió por correo electrónico un cuestionario anón...

Comportamiento clínico epidemiológico de las lesiones bucales en pacientes VIH/SIDA. Artemisa. Enero-Abril 2015

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arahí Gómez Casañas

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Caracterizar el comportamiento clínico epidemiológico de las lesiones bucales en los pacientes con diagnóstico serológico confirmado de VIH/SIDA, para determinar la prevalencia de lesiones bucales en la población estudiada. Caracterizar la población de estudio según sexo, edad, tiempo de diagnóstico, presencia y tipo de lesiones bucales. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal, con los pacientes diagnosticados con VIH/SIDA que acudieron a su consulta de seguimiento del policlínico Tomás Romay, Artemisa en el período de Enero -Abril de 2015, el universo fue de 69 pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de VIH/SIDA, se tomó una muestra de 25 pacientes que cumplían los criterios de inclusión. Se les realizó un exhaustivo interrogatorio y examen clínico bucal, previo consentimiento informado de los pacientes. Resultados: Del total de pacientes estudiados, el 64% presentó alguna lesión bucal; el 72% de la muestra perteneció al sexo masculino y al grupo de edad de 26 a 35 años; las lesiones bucales predominantes fueron la candidiasis bucal (24.0% seguido del eritema gingival lineal (12.0% ubicándose el mayor número de pacientes con estas lesiones (16%, en el grupo de más de 5 años de diagnóstico. Conclusiones: Se encontró una elevada prevalencia de lesiones bucales en la población objeto de estudio, con predominio del sexo masculino, en el grupo de edad de 26 a 35 años, siendo la candidiasis bucal y el eritema gingival lineal, las dos lesiones más frecuentemente encontradas en la muestra.

Managing Carious Lesions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Schwendicke, F; Frencken, J E; Bjørndal, L

2016-01-01

should be prioritized, while in shallow or moderately deep lesions, restoration longevity becomes more important. For teeth with shallow or moderately deep cavitated lesions, carious tissue removal is performed according toselective removal to firm dentine.In deep cavitated lesions in primary......The International Caries Consensus Collaboration undertook a consensus process and here presents clinical recommendations for carious tissue removal and managing cavitated carious lesions, including restoration, based on texture of demineralized dentine. Dentists should manage the disease dental...

Las afecciones estéticas: un problema para prevenir

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yulisa Otero Baxter

2001-08-01

Full Text Available La estética facial asociada con los dientes ha preocupado a la sociedad desde la antigüedad. El temor al rechazo social por cambios de forma, color o posiciones dentales, puede producir un gran impacto psicológico en los pacientes. Con el objetivo de valorar la repercusión psicosocial de las alteraciones estéticas faciales, de determinar el nivel de prioridad que ocupan los tratamientos estéticos dentales y demostrar así la necesidad de intensificar nuestra labor educativa encaminada a evitar aquellas afecciones estéticas que más inciden en nuestra población, procedimos a la aplicación de una encuesta anónima en 110 pacientes que acudieron al Servicio de Estomatología Integral de la Facultad de Estomatología entre noviembre de 1999 y abril del 2000. Se recogió información sobre: actitud asumida por pacientes afectados, prioridades de tratamientos, etcétera. Dicha información fue procesada en tablas estadísticas. Los resultados del trabajo nos permiten concluir que las afecciones estéticas dentales tienen gran repercusión psicosocial, lo que unido al haber encontrado las lesiones traumáticas como las afecciones estéticas de mayor prevalencia, nos evidencia la necesidad de enfatizar nuestra labor educativa en este aspecto.Society has worried about facial esthetics associated with teeth since ancient times. Being afraid of social rejection due to changes of dental form, color or positions may produce a great psychological impact on patients. In order to assess the psychosocial repercussion of the facial esthetic alterations, to determine the priorty level of the esthetic dental treatments and to show the need of intensifying our educative work directed to prevent the most common esthetic affections in our population, we did an anonimous survey among 110 patients that received attention at the Service of Comprehensive Stomatology of the Faculty of Stomatology between November, 1999, and April, 2000. Information was gathered

Knowledge of human papillomavirus and its association with head and neck benign and malignant lesions in a group of dental patients in pakistan.

Science.gov (United States)

Gichki, Abdul Samad; Buajeeb, Waranun; Doungudomdacha, Sombhun; Khovidhunkit, Siribang-On Pibooniyom

2015-01-01

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) remain a serious world health problem due to their association with cervical and head and neck cancers. While over 100 HPV types have been identified, only a few subtypes are associated with malignancies. HPV 16 and 18 are the most prevalent oncogenic types in head and neck cancers. Although it has been proven that some subsets of benign and malignant head and neck lesions are associated with HPV, the general population have very little awareness and knowledge of their association with HPV. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge of HPV and its links with head and neck benign and malignant lesions in a group of Pakistani dental patients who attended the Dental Department of the Sandeman provincial hospital in Quetta, Pakistan. One hundred and ninety-two patients were recruited and requested to answer a questionnaire. It was revealed that there was a low level of knowledge about HPV and its association with head and neck benign and malignant lesions among the participants. This result suggested that more education regarding the relationship of HPV in inducing head and neck benign and malignant lesions is required in this group of patients.

Beneficios percibidos de las lesiones deportivas: Estudio cualitativo en futbolistas profesionales y semiprofesionales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pedro L. Almeida

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del estudio fue identificar y analizar los beneficios percibidos asociados a la lesión deportiva, en 16 futbolistas profesionales y semiprofesionales que se habían lesionado durante su práctica deportiva. Para la recogida de datos se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas, siendo el análisis de contenido efectuado través del software QSR Nvivo 2.0. Los participantes reportaron 31 beneficios percibidos en todo su proceso de lesión, siendo el apoyo social y la educación deportiva los más referidos. Las conclusiones apuntan para la importancia de incluir aspectos positivos para una comprensión más clara y completa del impacto global de las lesiones deportivas.

Susceptibility of bovine dental enamel with initial erosion lesion to new erosive challenges.

Science.gov (United States)

Oliveira, Gabriela Cristina de; Tereza, Guida Paola Genovez; Boteon, Ana Paula; Ferrairo, Brunna Mota; Gonçalves, Priscilla Santana Pinto; Silva, Thiago Cruvinel da; Honório, Heitor Marques; Rios, Daniela

2017-01-01

This in vitro study evaluated the impact of initial erosion on the susceptibility of enamel to further erosive challenge. Thirty bovine enamel blocks were selected by surface hardness and randomized into two groups (n = 15): GC- group composed by enamel blocks without erosion lesion and GT- group composed by enamel blocks with initial erosion lesion. The baseline profile of each block was determined using the profilometer. The initial erosion was produced by immersing the blocks into HCl 0.01 M, pH 2.3 for 30 seconds, under stirring. The erosive cycling consisted of blocks immersion in hydrochloric acid (0.01 M, pH 2.3) for 2 minutes, followed by immersion in artificial saliva for 120 minutes. This procedure was repeated 4 times a day for 5 days, and the blocks were kept in artificial saliva overnight. After erosive cycling, final profile measurement was performed. Profilometry measured the enamel loss by the superposition of initial and final profiles. Data were analyzed by t-test (perosion on bovine dental enamel does not enhance its susceptibility to new erosive challenges.

La biopsia estereotáctica en el diagnóstico de las lesiones cerebrales focales en sida Stereotactic brain biopsy in the diagnosis of focal brain lesions in AIDS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo Corti

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Las lesiones cerebrales focales constituyen una complicación frecuente en los pacientes con infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (HIV y síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (sida. Durante el período comprendido entre enero de 1999 y mayo de 2007 se realizaron un total de 83 biopsias en pacientes con sida y lesiones cerebrales. Se incluyeron aquellos pacientes que no hubiesen respondido al algoritmo habitual de enfoque diagnóstico-terapéutico de estas lesiones. Todas las muestras obtenidas fueron sometidas a evaluación intraoperatoria para asegurar la obtención de material patológico y posterior análisis histopatológico y exámenes microbiológicos. De los 41 pacientes con lesiones cerebrales múltiples, 62 tenían localización supratentorial, en 4 eran infratentoriales y 17 mostraron ambas localizaciones. Cincuenta y un lesiones seleccionadas como blanco estereotáctico tuvieron refuerzo periférico del contraste. Se obtuvo material histopatológico en el 100% de los procedimientos. El diagnóstico más frecuente fue el de leucoencefalopatía multifocal progresiva (LEMP con 24 casos (29%, seguido del linfoma primario del sistema nervioso central (LPSNC con 19 diagnósticos (23% y de toxoplasmosis en 13 pacientes (15.7%. Se comprobó una relación significativa entre los diagnósticos histopatológicos y la localización de las lesiones y entre los diagnósticos histopatológicos y el comportamiento de las imágenes luego de la administración de la sustancia de contraste. El rédito diagnóstico alcanzó el 90.3% (75 biopsias. La morbiletalidad en esta serie fue de 2.4%. La biopsia cerebral estereotáctica permitió alcanzar el diagnóstico etiológico y adecuar el enfoque terapéutico en la mayoría de los pacientes de esta serie.Focal brain lesions are frequent complications among HIV/AIDS patients. Between January 1999 and May 2007, 83 procedures of stereotactic brain biopsies in HIV/AIDS patients with focal

Noninvasive differential diagnosis of dental periapical lesions in cone-beam CT scans

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Okada, Kazunori, E-mail: kazokada@sfsu.edu [Department of Computer Science, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California 94132 (United States); Rysavy, Steven [Biomedical and Health Informatics Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 (United States); Flores, Arturo [Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, California 92093 (United States); Linguraru, Marius George [Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010 and Departments of Radiology and Pediatrics, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037 (United States)

2015-04-15

Purpose: This paper proposes a novel application of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) to an everyday clinical dental challenge: the noninvasive differential diagnosis of periapical lesions between periapical cysts and granulomas. A histological biopsy is the most reliable method currently available for this differential diagnosis; however, this invasive procedure prevents the lesions from healing noninvasively despite a report that they may heal without surgical treatment. A CAD using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers an alternative noninvasive diagnostic tool which helps to avoid potentially unnecessary surgery and to investigate the unknown healing process and rate for the lesions. Methods: The proposed semiautomatic solution combines graph-based random walks segmentation with machine learning-based boosted classifiers and offers a robust clinical tool with minimal user interaction. As part of this CAD framework, the authors provide two novel technical contributions: (1) probabilistic extension of the random walks segmentation with likelihood ratio test and (2) LDA-AdaBoost: a new integration of weighted linear discriminant analysis to AdaBoost. Results: A dataset of 28 CBCT scans is used to validate the approach and compare it with other popular segmentation and classification methods. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed method with 94.1% correct classification rate and an improvement of the performance by comparison with the Simon’s state-of-the-art method by 17.6%. The authors also compare classification performances with two independent ground-truth sets from the histopathology and CBCT diagnoses provided by endodontic experts. Conclusions: Experimental results of the authors show that the proposed CAD system behaves in clearer agreement with the CBCT ground-truth than with histopathology, supporting the Simon’s conjecture that CBCT diagnosis can be as accurate as histopathology for differentiating the periapical lesions.

Noninvasive differential diagnosis of dental periapical lesions in cone-beam CT scans

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Okada, Kazunori; Rysavy, Steven; Flores, Arturo; Linguraru, Marius George

2015-01-01

Purpose: This paper proposes a novel application of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) to an everyday clinical dental challenge: the noninvasive differential diagnosis of periapical lesions between periapical cysts and granulomas. A histological biopsy is the most reliable method currently available for this differential diagnosis; however, this invasive procedure prevents the lesions from healing noninvasively despite a report that they may heal without surgical treatment. A CAD using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers an alternative noninvasive diagnostic tool which helps to avoid potentially unnecessary surgery and to investigate the unknown healing process and rate for the lesions. Methods: The proposed semiautomatic solution combines graph-based random walks segmentation with machine learning-based boosted classifiers and offers a robust clinical tool with minimal user interaction. As part of this CAD framework, the authors provide two novel technical contributions: (1) probabilistic extension of the random walks segmentation with likelihood ratio test and (2) LDA-AdaBoost: a new integration of weighted linear discriminant analysis to AdaBoost. Results: A dataset of 28 CBCT scans is used to validate the approach and compare it with other popular segmentation and classification methods. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed method with 94.1% correct classification rate and an improvement of the performance by comparison with the Simon’s state-of-the-art method by 17.6%. The authors also compare classification performances with two independent ground-truth sets from the histopathology and CBCT diagnoses provided by endodontic experts. Conclusions: Experimental results of the authors show that the proposed CAD system behaves in clearer agreement with the CBCT ground-truth than with histopathology, supporting the Simon’s conjecture that CBCT diagnosis can be as accurate as histopathology for differentiating the periapical lesions

Noninvasive differential diagnosis of dental periapical lesions in cone-beam CT scans.

Science.gov (United States)

Okada, Kazunori; Rysavy, Steven; Flores, Arturo; Linguraru, Marius George

2015-04-01

This paper proposes a novel application of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) to an everyday clinical dental challenge: the noninvasive differential diagnosis of periapical lesions between periapical cysts and granulomas. A histological biopsy is the most reliable method currently available for this differential diagnosis; however, this invasive procedure prevents the lesions from healing noninvasively despite a report that they may heal without surgical treatment. A CAD using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers an alternative noninvasive diagnostic tool which helps to avoid potentially unnecessary surgery and to investigate the unknown healing process and rate for the lesions. The proposed semiautomatic solution combines graph-based random walks segmentation with machine learning-based boosted classifiers and offers a robust clinical tool with minimal user interaction. As part of this CAD framework, the authors provide two novel technical contributions: (1) probabilistic extension of the random walks segmentation with likelihood ratio test and (2) LDA-AdaBoost: a new integration of weighted linear discriminant analysis to AdaBoost. A dataset of 28 CBCT scans is used to validate the approach and compare it with other popular segmentation and classification methods. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed method with 94.1% correct classification rate and an improvement of the performance by comparison with the Simon's state-of-the-art method by 17.6%. The authors also compare classification performances with two independent ground-truth sets from the histopathology and CBCT diagnoses provided by endodontic experts. Experimental results of the authors show that the proposed CAD system behaves in clearer agreement with the CBCT ground-truth than with histopathology, supporting the Simon's conjecture that CBCT diagnosis can be as accurate as histopathology for differentiating the periapical lesions.

Relación entre el herpes simple tipo 2 y las lesiones preinvasivas de cuello uterino

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yenddy Carrero

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar la presencia y relación del virus herpes simple tipo 2 (VHS-2 en mujeres con diferentes grados de lesiones preinvasivas de cuello uterino. Materiales y métodos: Se estudiaron 176 mujeres con lesiones preinvasivas de cuello uterino y 40 mujeres como grupo control con cuello uterino sano, que asistieron a la consulta ginecológica en diferentes centros de salud, durante los años 2002-2005 en Maracaibo-Venezuela. A las pacientes se les tomó un hisopado del exocervix y una biopsia dirigida del sitio de la lesión por colposcopía. La determinación de VHS-2 se realizó a través de inmunofluorescencia directa. Resultados: La presencia de infección por VHS-2 fue 44 /176 (25%. El mayor número de VHS-2 se obtuvo en las pacientes con grado de lesión tipo NIC II (66,7%. El mayor porcentaje de infección por VHS-2 se determinó en las pacientes que iniciaron sus relaciones sexuales entre los 15 y 20 años (34,5%, las relaciones sexuales diarias (50%, así como relaciones de tipo orogenital fueron consideradas las conductas de mayor riesgo para adquirir la infección. Conclusiones: No se evidenció una relación directa entre VHS-2 y la presencia de cáncer. Los factores de riesgo asociados con la infección son similares a otras ITS, y están ligados con la conducta sexual y hábitos propios del individuo.

[Accuracy of computer aided measurement for detecting dental proximal caries lesions in images of cone-beam computed tomography].

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Z L; Li, J P; Li, G; Ma, X C

2017-02-09

Objective: To establish and validate a computer program used to aid the detection of dental proximal caries in the images cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Methods: According to the characteristics of caries lesions in X-ray images, a computer aided detection program for proximal caries was established with Matlab and Visual C++. The whole process for caries lesion detection included image import and preprocessing, measuring average gray value of air area, choosing region of interest and calculating gray value, defining the caries areas. The program was used to examine 90 proximal surfaces from 45 extracted human teeth collected from Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. The teeth were then scanned with a CBCT scanner (Promax 3D). The proximal surfaces of the teeth were respectively detected by caries detection program and scored by human observer for the extent of lesions with 6-level-scale. With histologic examination serving as the reference standard, the caries detection program and the human observer performances were assessed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Student t -test was used to analyze the areas under the ROC curves (AUC) for the differences between caries detection program and human observer. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the detection accuracy of caries depth. Results: For the diagnosis of proximal caries in CBCT images, the AUC values of human observers and caries detection program were 0.632 and 0.703, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the AUC values ( P= 0.023). The correlation between program performance and gold standard (correlation coefficient r (s)=0.525) was higher than that of observer performance and gold standard ( r (s)=0.457) and there was a statistically significant difference between the correlation coefficients ( P= 0.000). Conclusions: The program that automatically detects dental proximal caries lesions could improve the

A Twenty-year Survey of Pathologic Reports of Two Common Types of Chronic Periapical Lesions in Shiraz Dental School

Science.gov (United States)

Safi, Laaya; Adl, Alireza; Azar, Mohammad Reza; Akbary, Raheleh

2008-01-01

Background and aims Accurate differential diagnosis between radicular cysts and periapical granulomas cannot be made from radiographs alone. Histological prevalence studies, therefore, assume special importance and may aid the clinician in making judgments regarding therapy. The incidence of radicular cysts has ranged with wide discrepancies in data. The purpose of this study was to evaluate recorded pathologic reports of two common types of chronic periapical lesion in Shiraz Dental School. Materials and methods In this study, biopsy reports of 227 specimens of chronic periapical lesions were reviewed. The following information was extracted from each report: patient’s gender, age, tooth associated with the lesion and the pathological diagnosis. Probable significant differences in the occurrence of lesions between different ages and genders were analyzed using chi-square test. Results 15.9% of the lesions were granulomas, and 84.1% were cysts. A slight difference in the occurrence of the lesions was found between males and females with no statistical significance (P > 0.005). The highest incidence of both lesions was in the third decade of life. No significant differences were found in age distribution of the lesions. The most common location for two lesions was the maxillary anterior teeth. Conclusion Histological differentiation between cysts and granulomas is not always accurate and serial sectioning of excisional biopsies is more valuable than randomized sectioning of curetted biopsies. PMID:23289061

Dental Wear: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luca Levrini

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Dental wear can be differentiated into different types on the basis of morphological and etiological factors. The present research was carried out on twelve extracted human teeth with dental wear (three teeth showing each type of wear: erosion, attrition, abrasion, and abfraction studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM. The study aimed, through analysis of the macro- and micromorphological features of the lesions (considering the enamel, dentin, enamel prisms, dentinal tubules, and pulp, to clarify the different clinical and diagnostic presentations of dental wear and their possible significance. Our results, which confirm current knowledge, provide a complete overview of the distinctive morphology of each lesion type. It is important to identify the type of dental wear lesion in order to recognize the contributing etiological factors and, consequently, identify other more complex, nondental disorders (such as gastroesophageal reflux, eating disorders. It is clear that each type of lesion has a specific morphology and mechanism, and further clinical studies are needed to clarify the etiological processes, particularly those underlying the onset of abfraction.

Managing the Cutaneous Sinus Tract of Dental Origine.

Science.gov (United States)

Janev, Edvard; Redzep, Enis

2016-09-15

Draining cutaneous sinus tract in chin area may be caused by chronic periapical dental infections. Misdiagnosis of these lesions usually leads to destructive invasive treatment of the sinus tract that is not correct and curative. A 31-year-old male patient referred to us with a chronically draining lesion on his chin. The lesion previously was misdiagnosed by medical doctors and had undergone two times surgery with a focus on the skin lesion and had received antibiotic therapy for a prolonged period of time. After clinical and radiologic examination the dental origin of the lesion was evident and proper endodontic and surgical treatment was performed. Three months later, after the treatment, the lesion showed total healing and reoccurrence occurred. The key to successful treatment of cutaneous sinus tract of dental origin must be in appropriate communication between the dentist and the physician in order to achieve correct diagnosis and therapy in such cases.

Dental TC: evaluation of the inferior dental channel

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanchez, F.; Carrascosa, P.; Urtube, S.; Carrascosa, J.

2000-01-01

To determine the location and identification of the lower dental channel (LDC) and to show the measures, guides, and different lesions that might affect it, the authors offer a retrospective and descriptive analysis of 36 CT' exams of the jaw, as a pre-implant evaluation. A Picker PQ 500 helicoidal was used. Under the 'Dental' software program, the cross-sections were reprocessed at a Voxel Q work station. The findings were divided in 3 groups: 1) Optimal visualization of the LDC in 28 patients (78%); 2) Difficult visualization of the LDC in 6 patients (16,5%); 3) The LDC was not identified in 2 patients (5,5%). Furthermore, lesions affecting the LDC were identified in 5 patients (14%) included in group 1. (author)

Self-induced vomiting and dental erosion--a clinical study.

Science.gov (United States)

Uhlen, Marte-Mari; Tveit, Anne Bjørg; Stenhagen, Kjersti Refsholt; Mulic, Aida

2014-07-29

In individuals suffering from eating disorders (ED) characterized by vomiting (e.g. bulimia nervosa), the gastric juice regularly reaches the oral cavity, causing a possible risk of dental erosion. This study aimed to assess the occurrence, distribution and severity of dental erosions in a group of Norwegian patients experiencing self-induced vomiting (SIV). The individuals included in the study were all undergoing treatment at clinics for eating disorders and were referred to a university dental clinic for examinations. One calibrated clinician registered erosions using the Visual Erosion Dental Examination (VEDE) system. Of 72 referred patients, 66 (63 females and three males, mean age 27.7 years) were or had been experiencing SIV (mean duration 10.6 years; range: 3 - 32 years), and were therefore included in the study. Dental erosions were found in 46 individuals (69.7%), 19 had enamel lesions only, while 27 had both enamel and dentine lesions. Ten or more teeth were affected in 26.1% of those with erosions, and 9% had ≥10 teeth with dentine lesions. Of the erosions, 41.6% were found on palatal/lingual surfaces, 36.6% on occlusal surfaces and 21.8% on buccal surfaces. Dentine lesions were most often found on lower first molars, while upper central incisors showed enamel lesions most frequently. The majority of the erosive lesions (48.6%) were found in those with the longest illness period, and 71.7% of the lesions extending into dentine were also found in this group. However, despite suffering from SIV for up to 32 years, 30.3% of the individuals showed no lesions. Dental erosion commonly affects individuals with ED experiencing SIV, and is more often found on the palatal/lingual surfaces than on the buccal in these individuals, confirming a common clinical assumption.

Local mucous membrane lesions caused by irradiation of the oropharynx can be prevented by a dental shield

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schratter-Sehn, A.U.; Vienna Univ.; Schmidt, W.F.O.; Kaercher, K.H.; Kielhauser, R.; Langer, H.

1992-01-01

In patients with metallic dental fillings radiation therapy to the oral cavity can cause mucous membrane lesions, which are more severe than expected. They appear as circumscribed erosions, opposite to metallic fillings and are caused by an increase in radiation dose through secondary radiation due to the higher density and atomic number of the filling material. This dose increase can be directly measured with 0.1 mm thin sheets of graphite-loaded TLD's (LiF, Vinten). For Co-60 gamma rays a commercial amalgam filling caused a dose increase by a factor of 1.7. The half value layer for this additional radiation was measured to be approximately 0.4 mm tissue. In order to avoid painful mucous membrane ulcerations which are even more a problem if hyperfractionated treatment schedules are used, we constructed individual dental shields for each patient. As shielding material we used a dental impression material (Optosil P + , Bayer). This method was tested in 35 patients, in all of them circumscribed mucous membrane ulcerations could be avoided. The method proved to be fast and simple and was very well tolerated by all patients. (orig.) [de

Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in dental patients with tobacco smoking, chewing, and mixed habits: A cross-sectional study in South India

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Prashant B Patil

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Background: A variety of oral mucosal lesions and conditions are associated with the habit of smoking and chewing tobacco, and many of these carry a potential risk for the development of cancer. There have been no studies that report the prevalence of habits and associated oral changes in the population in Dharwad region, of Karnataka, south India. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was carried out at SDM Dental College (Dharwad, Karnataka. A total of 2400 subjects (1200 subjects with and 1200 subjects without habits attending the dental hospital were interviewed and examined by trained professionals to assess any oral mucosal changes. Results: Oral mucosal lesions were found in 322 (26.8% subjects who had tobacco smoking and chewing habits as compared to 34 (2.8% subjects without those habits. Oral leukoplakia (8.2% and oral submucous fibrosis (OSF (7.1% were the prevalent oral mucosal lesions found in subjects who had those habits, while the other lesions (1.7% namely; oral candidiasis, median rhomboid glossitis, recurrent apthous ulcer, frictional keratosis, and oral lichen planus (0.9% were frequently reported among individuals without those habits. The odds of developing oral lesions in subjects with tobacco habits was nearly 11.92 times that of abstainers (odds ratio, OR = 11.92, 95% confidence intervals, CI = 10.61-14.59%. Conclusion: The study showed that the risk of the development of oral lesions associated with tobacco smoking, chewing, or both is quite high. Males who had one or more of these habits showed more frequent oral changes than females. The study reinforces the association of OSF with gutkha and areca nut chewing, and leukoplakia, erythroplakia, and oral cancer with tobacco smoking, chewing, or mixed habits.

Human papillomavirus in oral lesions Virus papiloma humano en lesiones orales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joaquín V. Gónzalez

2007-08-01

detección y tipificación de HPV se realizó por PCR empleando los primers MY09,11, seguida de RFLP, o PCR usando los primers GP5+, 6+ seguida de hibridación en dot blot. HPV fue detectado en 91% de las lesiones benignas asociadas a HPV, 14.3% de las lesiones benignas no asociadas, 51.5% de preneoplasias y 60% de cánceres. Ninguna muestra control resultó HPV positiva. En las lesiones benignas, 30% de las muestras HPV positivas correspondieron a tipos de alto riesgo, mientras que en las lesiones preneoplásicas la positividad ascendió a 59.9%. En cánceres, la detección de HPV en carcinomas verrugosos fue 88.9% y en carcinomas escamosos 43.8%, con 75.5% y 85.6% de tipos virales de alto riesgo, respectivamente. La alta frecuencia de HPV detectada en lesiones preneoplásicas y cánceres apoya un rol etiológico del HPV en, al menos, un subgrupo de cánceres orales.

Fluorosis dental: no solo un problema estético Dental fluorosis: not only an aesthetic problem

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Iliana Hidalgo-Gato Fuentes

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Mientras la profesión estomatológica plantea que la fluorosis dental es solamente un problema estético y no un efecto de salud, esta declaración es una asunción y no un hecho. Ciertamente, la fluorosis dental representa un efecto tóxico en las células del diente, pero se pregunta si las células del diente son las únicas células en el cuerpo que son impactadas por este efecto. Motivados por lo controvertido del tema, se realiza una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo fundamental de profundizar en los conocimientos teóricos y las características clínicas de esta afección que puede manifestarse tanto de formal local como general, y las consecuencias del uso inadecuado del flúor en el organismo humano. Se concluye que fluorosis es una enfermedad que no solo afecta las estructuras dentarias, y no puede ser enmarcada solamente pos los estomatólogos debido a las afecciones dentarias que puede producir, pues en muchas ocasiones es el primer signo de que la persona ha estado expuesta a niveles elevados de flúor.While the stomatological profession states that dental fluorosis is only an aesthetic problem and not a health effect, this declaration is an assumption and not a fact. Certainly, dental fluorosis represents a toxic effect in the tooth cells, but it is asked if the tooth cells are the only body cells impacted by this effect. Motivated by this controversial topic, a bibliographic review was made aimed mainly at going deep into the theoretical knowledge and the clinical characteristics of this affection that may manifest in a local or general way, and into the consequences of the inadequate use of fluor in the human organism. It was concluded that fluorosis is a disease that not only affects the dental structures and that it can not only be defined by the stomatologists due to the dental affections it may produce, since in many occasions it is the first sign that the person has been exposed to elevated levels of fluorine.

Distribución de las lesiones de la piel en la región de cabeza y cuello Distribution of skin lesions on the head and neck region

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

TS Simão

Full Text Available El cáncer de piel (incluyendo el melanoma y los tipos de cáncer de piel de células basales y de células escamosas es por mucho, el tipo de cáncer más común de todos los cánceres. La mayoría de éstos son cánceres de células basales. Los cánceres de células escamosas ocurren con menos frecuencia. Noventa y seis por ciento de las resecciones de lesiones cutáneas, en la clínica de cirugía plástica del Hospital Servidor Público Estadual de Sao Paulo, están representadas por lesiones en las regiones de la cara, cabeza y cuello. El conocimiento del perfil epidemiológico del servicio, nos ayuda a establecer medidas de prevención y tratamiento de neoplasias cutáneas.Skin cancer (including melanoma and basal cell and squamous cell cancers is by far the most common type of cancer of all cancers. Most of these are basal cell cancers. Squamous cell cancers occur less frequently. Ninety-six percent of resections of skin lesions in the plastic surgery clinic of the Hospital Servidor Público Estadual de Sao Paulo, are represented by lesions in the regions of the face, head and neck. The knowledge of the epidemiological profile of service, helps us to establish prevention and treatment of skin malignancies.

Susceptibility of bovine dental enamel with initial erosion lesion to new erosive challenges.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriela Cristina de Oliveira

Full Text Available This in vitro study evaluated the impact of initial erosion on the susceptibility of enamel to further erosive challenge. Thirty bovine enamel blocks were selected by surface hardness and randomized into two groups (n = 15: GC- group composed by enamel blocks without erosion lesion and GT- group composed by enamel blocks with initial erosion lesion. The baseline profile of each block was determined using the profilometer. The initial erosion was produced by immersing the blocks into HCl 0.01 M, pH 2.3 for 30 seconds, under stirring. The erosive cycling consisted of blocks immersion in hydrochloric acid (0.01 M, pH 2.3 for 2 minutes, followed by immersion in artificial saliva for 120 minutes. This procedure was repeated 4 times a day for 5 days, and the blocks were kept in artificial saliva overnight. After erosive cycling, final profile measurement was performed. Profilometry measured the enamel loss by the superposition of initial and final profiles. Data were analyzed by t-test (p<0.05. The result showed no statistically significant difference between groups (GS = 14.60±2.86 and GE = .14.69±2.21 μm. The presence of initial erosion on bovine dental enamel does not enhance its susceptibility to new erosive challenges.

On dental caries and dental erosion in Swedish young adults.

Science.gov (United States)

Isaksson, Helén

2013-01-01

All children in Sweden are entitled to regular, free dental care up to 20 years of age. While dental caries generally continues to decline, still there is a pronounced skewness in caries prevalence. Furthermore, the reported increase in dental erosion in young adults is cause for concern. The aim was to study the prevalence of dental caries and dental erosion in a cohort of Swedish 20 year-olds, with special reference to the influence of previous caries experience and lifestyle as well as parental, socioeconomic and psychosocial factors. The study was prospective, longitudinal and cross-sectional in design and based on registration of caries lesions, dental erosion, body adiposity status, saliva sampling, interviews, and questionnaires at 20 years of age. Data were available for the same cohort at 1, 3, 6 and 15 years of age. 499 subjects (74 percent of the original cohort) were included. Five individuals were subsequently excluded, leaving a final sample of 494. 74 percent of the subjects had initial and/or manifest caries lesions and/or restorations. The mean number of DimFS was 5.8 and the mean number of DmFS on occlusal surfaces of molars was 1.1. There was a strong relationship between caries activity at 3 and 6 years of age and approximal caries prevalence in premolars and molars at 20 years of age. Overweight/obese individuals had significantly higher caries prevalence than normal weight individuals. Parental, socioeconomic and psychosocial factors during infancy were related to approximal caries at age 20. Dental erosion was found in 75 percent of the individuals: 18 percent of these had extensive erosion. There was a significant association between caries and dental erosion. A relationship was found between dental erosion and lifestyle factors and overweight/obesity. There is a strong relationship between caries prevalence at age 20 and caries experience in early childhood. Young adults show a high prevalence of dental erosion, but the severity is

Dental magnetic resonance imaging; MRT der Zaehne und des Zahnhalteapparats

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hilgenfeld, Tim; Bendszus, Martin; Haehnel, Stefan [Universitaetsklinikum Heidelberg (Germany). Abt. fuer Neuroradiologie

2016-03-15

Growing distribution and utilization of digital volume tomography (DVT) extend the spectrum of clinical dental imaging. Additional diagnostic value, however, comes along with an increasing amount of radiation. In contrast, magnetic resonance imaging is a radiation free imaging technique. Furthermore, it offers a high soft tissue contrast. Morphological and numerical dental anomalies, differentiation of periapical lesions and exclusion of complications of dental diseases are field of applications for dental MRI. In addition, detection of caries and periodontal lesions and injury of inferior alveolar nerve are promising application areas in the future.

Dental caries in Rome, 50-100 AD

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fejerskov, Ole; Bilde, P. Guldager; Bizzarro, Martin

2012-01-01

Scarce information exists on the clinical features of dental caries in the Imperial Roman population and no structural data on caries lesions from this period have so far been published. We report on the findings of 86 teeth (50-100 AD) found during archaeological excavations of the temple...... of Castor and Pollux in the Forum Romanum. We found that nearly all teeth had large carious cavities extending into the pulp. The distribution and size of the caries lesions were similar to those found in contemporary adult populations in Africa and China living without access to dental care. Most lesions...

Distinguishing and diagnosing contemporary and conventional features of dental erosion.

Science.gov (United States)

Bassiouny, Mohamed A

2014-01-01

The vast number and variety of erosion lesions encountered today require reconsideration of the traditional definition. Dental erosion associated with modern dietary habits can exhibit unique features that symbolize a departure from the decades-old conventional image known as tooth surface loss. The extent and diversity of contemporary erosion lesions often cause conflicting diagnoses. Specific examples of these features are presented in this article. The etiologies, genesis, course of development, and characteristics of these erosion lesions are discussed. Contemporary and conventional erosion lesions are distinguished from similar defects, such as mechanically induced wear, carious lesions, and dental fluorosis, which affect the human dentition.

Hereditary epidermolysis bullosa. Dental management of three cases.

Science.gov (United States)

Serrano Martínez, C; Silvestre Donat, F J; Bagán Sebastián, J V; Peñarrocha Diago, M; Alió Sanz, J J

2001-01-01

Hereditary epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a mucocutaneous disorder characterized by the appearance of blisters and vesicles in response to minimum friction. The digestive mucosa is one of the most frequently affected regions--including the oral mucosa. Three types of EB have been established according to the histological level of the lesion. Thus, simple EB involves intraepidermal bullae that leave no scars, while junctional EB exhibit blisters between the lamina lucida and lamina densa of the basal membrane. These lesions heal leaving atrophy and involve important hypoplastic lesions in the dental enamel. In turn, dystrophic EB presents synechiae-forming subepidermal blisters--the recessive form being the variant involving the greatest oral lesions (microstomia, ankyloglossia, milium cysts and rampant caries). Three cases of EB are presented and their clinical-dental management difficulties are described. The oral manifestations are described, along with the dental treatments provided and the evolution of the periodontal indices over a two-year period following the application of hygiene-preventive and therapeutic measures.

The implications of the new paradigm of dental caries.

Science.gov (United States)

Kidd, Edwina

2011-12-01

The caries process is the ubiquitous, natural metabolism in the biofilm that causes numerous fluctuations in pH. The interaction of this biofilm with the dental tissues may result in a caries lesion. However, lesion formation and progression can be controlled, particularly by disturbing plaque regularly with a fluoride containing toothpaste. This paradigm implies that everyone with teeth is at risk to lesion development. Treatment of caries is principally non-operative, involving plaque control, fluoride and a sensible diet. Operative dentistry repairs un-cleansable cavities and is part of plaque control. A diagnosis is a mental resting place on the way to a treatment decision. The relevant diagnostic features with respect to caries are lesion activity (active lesions require active management) and un-cleansable cavities. When teaching undergraduates, it is important that they are credited for the non-operative treatment of caries as well as for operative dentistry. This is equally important in dental practice where an appropriate skills mix of the dental team is required to deliver dental health cost-effectively. Training more dentists may be an expensive mistake as far as disease control is concerned. It is ironic that dentists make most money from operative care and specialist treatment when disease control could be delivered relatively cheaply. The key to dental health is regular and effective plaque control with a fluoride containing toothpaste, from cradle to grave. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Lesiones periapicales agudas en pacientes adultos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Elena Fernández Collazo

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio analítico de corte transversal en el área de salud del Policlínico "27 de Noviembre" del municipio Marianao, La Habana, en el periodo correspondiente de enero a diciembre de 2009. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes que acudieron al servicio de urgencia y que presentaron lesiones periapicales agudas. Se recogió información de las variables edad, sexo, grupo dentario, causa de la enfermedad, características clínicas e higiene bucal. Esta última se clasificó en las categorías eficiente y deficiente según el índice simplificado de higiene bucal. Se utilizó el X² para estimar la relación entre las variables, y la comparación de proporciones para contrastar la hipótesis de que existieran diferencias entre las lesiones periapicales para las categorías de las variables grupo dentario, causa de la enfermedad y características clínicas. Se encontró un predominio del absceso periapical agudo en un 84,7 % del grupo de edad de 35 a 59 años y del sexo masculino, aunque no se encontraron diferencias significativas para estas variables, ni en los grupos dentarios con respecto a la enfermedad. La higiene bucal resultó estar relacionada con las lesiones periapicales. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en las lesiones periapicales respecto a todas las causas estudiadas, con excepción de las enfermedades periodontales. Respecto a las características clínicas hubo significación en cuanto al aumento de volumen del fondo del surco vestibular y la movilidad dentaria.

Distribution of class ii major histocompatibility complex antigenexpressing cells in human dental pulp with carious lesions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tetiana Haniastuti

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Background: Dental caries is a bacterial infection which causes destruction of the hard tissues of the tooth. Exposure of the dentin to the oral environment as a result of caries inevitably results in a cellular response in the pulp. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC is a group of genes that code for cell-surface histocompatibility antigens. Cells expressing class II MHC molecules participate in the initial recognition and the processing of antigenic substances to serve as antigen-presenting cells. Purpose: The aim of the study was to elucidate the alteration in the distribution of class II MHC antigen-expressing cells in human dental pulp as carious lesions progressed toward the pulp. Methods: Fifteen third molars with caries at the occlusal site at various stages of decay and 5 intact third molars were extracted and used in this study. Before decalcifying with 10% EDTA solution (pH 7.4, all the samples were observed by micro-computed tomography to confirm the lesion condition three-dimensionally. The specimens were then processed for cryosection and immunohistochemistry using an anti-MHC class II monoclonal antibody. Results: Class II MHC antigen-expressing cells were found both in normal and carious specimens. In normal tooth, the class II MHC-immunopositive cells were observed mainly at the periphery of the pulp tissue. In teeth with caries, class II MHC-immunopositive cells were located predominantly subjacent to the carious lesions. As the caries progressed, the number of class II MHC antigen-expressing cells was increased. Conclusion: The depth of carious lesions affects the distribution of class II MHC antigen-expressing cells in the dental pulp.Latar belakang: Karies merupakan penyakit infeksi bakteri yang mengakibatkan destruksi jaringan keras gigi. Dentin yang terbuka akibat karies akan menginduksi respon imun seluler pada pulpa. Kompleks histokompatibilitas utama (MHC merupakan sekumpulan gen yang mengkode histokompatibilitas

Prevalence and extent of dental caries, dental fluorosis, and developmental enamel defects in Lithuanian teenage populations with different fluoride exposures

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Machiulskiene, Vita; Bælum, Vibeke; Fejerskov, Ole

2009-01-01

The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of dental caries, dental fluorosis, and developmental defects of non-fluoride origin in Lithuanian children born and raised in regions with 1.1 ppm (1.1 mg/l F) and 0.3 ppm (0.3 mg/l F) water fluoride levels, respectively. All permanent surfaces/t...... difference, 3.43). The results lend support to the hypothesis that the presence of fluoride in the oral environment promotes lesion arrest rather than inhibiting the initiation of new lesions......./teeth of 300 teenagers were examined for dental caries, dental fluorosis, and non-fluoride developmental defects. The caries prevalence of the study population was 100%. The mean number of decayed surfaces (DS) differed only slightly and statistically insignificantly between the '1.1 ppm fluoride' and '0.3 ppm...

Amalgam Contact Hypersensitivity Lesion: An Unusual Presentation ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Contact allergic reactions due to hypersensitivity to dental materials in professionals and ... Keywords: Amalgam, Amalgam contact hypersensitivity lesion, Lichenoid reaction, Oral mucosa ... was associated with mild burning sensation. The patient did ... OLLD in which oral and/or skin lesions appear in temporal association ...

MEDIDAS DE EXPOSICIÓN A LA MOVILIDAD EN LAS LESIONES GRAVES POR TRÁFICO EN LA COMUNIDAD DE MADRID

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Velázquez Buendía

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamentos: La búsqueda de indicadores apropiados para estimar el riesgo de lesiones por tráfico es actualmente un área de interés relevante. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una descripción de la morbilidad hospitalaria y la mortalidad por lesiones por tráfico en la Comunidad de Madrid, según edad y sexo, utilizando y comparando entre sí tasas por población, por personas-km y por personas-horas. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal en la Comunidad de Madrid referido al período 2003-2005. Se estimaron y compararon por edad y sexo tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad por población, por personas-km recorridos y por personas-horas de desplazamiento. Se utilizaron como fuentes de información el Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos Hospitalarios de 2003-2005, la Encuesta Domiciliaria de Movilidad de 2004 en la Comunidad de Madrid y el registro de mortalidad del Instituto de Estadística de la Comunidad de Madrid. Resultados: Se identificaron 7.413 altas hospitalarias y 1.046 defunciones. Las tasas poblacionales de morbilidad hospitalaria y mortalidad fueron de 62,24 y 9,20/100.000 habitantes respectivamente en hombres, y de 23,80 y 2,97/100.000 en mujeres, siendo las más elevadas en varones de 16-24 años (119,27 altas y 12,00 fallecidos por 100.000 habitantes. Las tasas por exposición más altas correspondieron a mujeres de 65 y más años: 649,78 altas y 96,72 fallecidas por 109 km, y 13,11 altas y 1,95 fallecidas por 106 horas de desplazamiento. Conclusiones: La morbi-mortalidad fue mayor en hombres en todos los indicadores. Los indicadores basados en la exposición a la movilidad, frente a las tasas poblacionales, reducen la morbi-mortalidad de lesiones por tráfico en hombres y en edades jóvenes y aumentan la misma en edades avanzadas.

Prevalência de lesões bucais associadas ao uso de próteses dentárias removíveis em um serviço de estomatologia Prevalencia de lesiones bucales asociadas al uso de prótesis dentales removibles, en un servicio de estomatología Prevalence of oral lesions associated with use of removable dental prostheses in a Stomatology service

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gardênia Matos Paraguassú

2011-09-01

Full Text Available As próteses dentárias removíveis restabelecem a função e estética do sistema estomatognático, embora possam causar injúrias aos tecidos bucais. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a prevalência de lesões bucais relacionadas ao uso de próteses dentárias removíveis. Foi realizada a revisão de prontuários dos pacientes atendidos no Serviço de Estomatologia da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal da Bahia, no periodo de junho de 2006 à dezembro de 2007. Dos 28 indivíduos usuários de próteses dentárias removíveis, 25 (89,3 % apresentaram alguma alteração na mucosa bucal, sendo que 42,8 % destas apresentavam-se mal-adaptadas. A hiperplasia fibrobrosa inflamatória (29,42 %, candidíase crônica atrófica (20,6 %, queilite angular (8,82 % e úlcera traumática (8,82 % foram as lesões mais prevalentes, e a mucosa alveolar (35,3 % e o palato duro (29,4 % os sítios anatômicos mais acometidos. Estes resultados reafirmam a importância da confecção de próteses adequadas, da necessidade de se realizar controles periódicos e fornecer instruções sobre higiene bucal aos pacientes que vierem fazer uso de próteses dentárias removíveis.Las prótesis dentales removibles restauran la función y la estética del sistema estomatognático, pero pueden causar daños a los tejidos bucales. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la prevalencia de lesiones bucales relacionadas con el uso de prótesis removibles. Se realizó una revisión del historial de los pacientes atendidos en el Servicio de Estomatología de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Federal de Bahía de Brasil, del mes de junio del año 2006 al mes de diciembre del año 2007. De los 28 individuos que usaron prótesis dentales removibles, 25 mostraron anormalidades en la mucosa bucal, para un 89,3 %; y el 42,8 % de estas estaban mal adaptadas. Dentro de las lesiones se encuentra la hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatoria en el 29,42 % de la muestra, la

Propuesta metodológica para la prevención y tratamiento de las lesiones por rayos A methodological proposal for preventing and treating those lesions caused by lightning

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Antonio Viñas Díaz

2009-09-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN Las lesiones causadas por los rayos constituyen la primera causa de muerte en Cuba por los llamados fenómenos meteorológicos. Aproximadamente 65 cubanos mueren anualmente por esta causa. En la provincia de Pinar del Río en el año 2008 las lesiones por los rayos representaron la segunda causa de muerte por accidentes en la edad de 0-18 años y la primera de 5-14 años. En la economía los daños son cuantiosos, (afectaciones en la infraestructura de las comunicaciones y redes eléctricas en los sistemas informáticos y equipos electrodomésticos, entre otros. Así como se encuentran entre las causas principales de incendios forestales. En Cuba, por esta causa la mayor pérdida de vidas humanas se produce entre los 16 - 30 años de edad, fundamentalmente en zonas rurales. Un tercio de los casos son mortales y de los que sobreviven el 70% desarrollan secuelas frecuentes. Por no existir en la provincia de Pinar del Río una Metodología diseñada para la prevención y tratamiento de este tipo de accidente a nivel de la Atención Primaria y Secundaria de Salud, así como con la finalidad de impartir este tema en la Docencia Médica de pregrado y postgrado se decide presentar esta investigaciónABSTRACT Lesions caused by lightning are the main cause of death in Cuba produced by the so-called meteorological phenomena estimating 65 victims yearly. In Pinar del Rio province (year 2008, this kind of lesion represented the second cause of death by accidents in the 0-18 year old group and the first cause in the 5-14 year old group. In the economy the damages are serious (damages in the infrastructure of communications and electricity plants, informatic systems and electrodomestic equipments and so on. They are also involved in the forest fires. The higher number of human deaths is observed in the 16-30 year old group in the rural areas mainly. A third of the cases is fatal and among those survivors 70% develop frequent sequela. In this province

Concordance between clinical and histopathologic diagnoses of oral mucosal lesions.

Science.gov (United States)

Patel, Kush J; De Silva, Harsha L; Tong, Darryl C; Love, Robert M

2011-01-01

To study the epidemiology of oral soft tissue lesions in New Zealand from 2002 to 2006 and to determine the concordance between the clinical diagnosis and the definitive histopathologic diagnosis achieved by general dental practitioners and by specialists. The details from biopsy referrals and the corresponding histopathologic reports of oral soft tissue lesions were recorded into a statistical software package, and the concordance between the clinical diagnosis and histopathologic diagnosis was determined for all the lesions. Most biopsies were benign lesions, and both clinician groups achieved a high diagnostic concordance for these lesions. However, when considering all lesion types, the overall concordance for both groups was a moderate 50.6%, with little difference between specialists and general dental practitioners, although specialists were more accurate in diagnosing a malignant or premalignant lesion. The clinical and histopathologic concordance achieved by oral health practitioners in New Zealand appears to be moderate. Copyright © 2011 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Dental Perspectives in Fibrous Dysplasia and McCune-Albright Syndrome

Science.gov (United States)

Akintoye, Sunday O.; Boyce, Alison M.; Collins, Michael T.

2013-01-01

McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is a rare multisystem disorder characterized by the triad of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia (PFD), endocrine disorders and café-au-lait skin pigmentation. Ninety percent of MAS patients have FD lesions in the craniofacial area, resulting in significant orofacial deformity, dental disorders, bone pain and compromised oral health. Maxillo-mandibular FD is also associated with dental developmental disorders, malocclusion, and high caries index. There is limited data on the outcomes of dental treatments in maxillo-mandibular FD/MAS patients, because clinicians and researchers have limited access to patients, and there are concerns that dental surgery may activate quiescent jaw FD lesions to grow aggressively. This report highlights current perspectives on dental management issues associated with maxillo-mandibular FD within the context of MAS. PMID:23953425

El diagnóstico por la imagen de las enfermedades de las glándulas salivales

OpenAIRE

Paz Expósito, Francisco

2002-01-01

Las lesiones de las glándulas salivales son relativamente frecuentes, presentando una patología tan diversa como la de cualquier otro sistema orgánico. La mayoría de las lesiones son inflamatorias, otras son de origen litiásico, algunas tienen una patogenia incierta que pueden confundirse con neoplasias malignas y, por último, hay un amplio espectro de neoplasias tanto benignas como malignas. La mayoría de los agrandamientos de las glándulas salivales están causados por procesos inflamator...

Lesiones deportivas Sports injuries

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Isabel Cristina Gallego Ching

2007-04-01

Full Text Available El estrés generado por la práctica deportiva ha originado una mayor probabilidad de que los atletas presenten lesiones agudas y crónicas. En el ámbito mundial existen diferentes investigaciones acerca de la incidencia de lesiones deportivas. La comparación de sus resultados es difícil por las diferencias en las características de la población y en la forma de reportar los datos, que varía ampliamente entre los estudios (proporciones o tasas de incidencia o tasas por cada 100 ó 1.000 participantes o tasas por horas de juego o por número de partidos jugados. Las tasas varían entre 1,7 y 53 lesiones por 1.000 horas de práctica deportiva, entre 0,8 y 90,9 por 1.000 horas de entrenamiento, entre 3,1 y 54,8 por 1.000 horas de competición y de 6,1 a 10,9 por 100 juegos. La gran variación entre las tasas de incidencia se explica por las diferencias existentes entre los deportes, los países, el nivel competitivo, las edades y la metodología empleada en los estudios. Se ha definido la lesión deportiva como la que ocurre cuando los atletas están expuestos a la práctica del deporte y se produce alteración o daño de un tejido, afectando el funcionamiento de la estructura. Los deportes de contacto generan mayor riesgo de presentar lesiones; se destacan al respecto los siguientes: fútbol, rugby, baloncesto, balonmano, artes marciales y jockey. Las lesiones ocurren con mayor probabilidad en las competencias que en el entrenamiento. Stress generated by sports practice has increased the probability that athletes suffer from acute and chronic injuries. Worldwide, there have been many different investigations concerning the incidence of sport injuries. The different ways in which results have been presented makes it difficult to compare among them. Rates of sports injuries vary between 1.7 and 53 per 1.000 hours of sports practice; 0.8 and 90.9 per 1.000 hours of training; 3.1 and 54.8 per 1.000 hours of competition, and 6.1 and 10.9 per 100

Lesion progression in post-treatment persistent endodontic lesions.

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Victoria Soo Hoon; Messer, Harold Henry; Shen, Liang; Yee, Robert; Hsu, Chin-ying Stephen

2012-10-01

Radiographic lesions related to root-filled teeth may persist for long periods after treatment and are considered to indicate failure of initial treatment. Persistent lesions are found in a proportion of cases, but information on lesion progression is lacking. This study examined the incidence of lesion improvement, remaining unchanged, and deterioration among persistent lesions in a group of patients recruited from a university-based clinic and identified potential predictors for lesion progression. Patients of a university clinic with persistent endodontic lesions at least 4 years since treatment and with original treatment radiographs available were recruited with informed consent. Data were obtained by interview and from dental records and clinical and radiographic examinations. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were carried out by using SPSS (version 19). One hundred fifty-one persistent lesions were identified in 114 patients. A majority of the lesions (107, 70.9%) received treatment between 4 and 5 years prior. Eighty-six lesions (57.0%) improved, 18 (11.9%) remained unchanged, and 47 (31.1%) deteriorated since treatment. Potential predictors for lesions that did not improve included recall lesion size, pain on biting at recall examination, history of a postobturation flare-up, and a non-ideal root-filling length (P < .05). Lesions that had persisted for a longer period appeared less likely to be improving (relative risk, 1.038; 95% confidence interval, 1.000-1.077). A specific time interval alone should not be used to conclude that a lesion will not resolve without intervention. This study identified several clinical factors that are associated with deteriorating persistent lesions, which should aid in identifying lesions that require further intervention. Copyright © 2012 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Dental pathology in dolphins (Cetacea: Delphinidae) from the southern coast of Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Loch, Carolina; Grando, Liliane J; Kieser, Jules A; Simões-Lopes, Paulo C

2011-05-09

Pathological processes observed in the stomatognathic systems of mammalian species are a useful source of information about the habits, evolution and general health of such animals. Studies of pathological conditions on teeth are common in humans and other primates, but rare in wild animals in general and marine mammals in particular. For cetaceans, previous studies provided scanty records of dental anomalies in a few species. This is the first broad and systematic inventory of dental pathology in dolphins. Specimens stored at scientific collections from the southern coast of Brazil were visually inspected under a stereoscopic microscope using a dental explorer. Diagnosis of lesions and anomalies followed literature descriptions. Abnormalities such as caries-like lesions, mineralized calculus deposits, dental erosion, enamel anomalies (hypoplasia and exogenous pigmentation), root resorption, germination and other shape anomalies, were diagnosed in the delphinids Sotalia guianensis, Delphinus capensis, Stenella frontalis, Stenella coeruleoalba, Lagenodelphis hosei, Pseudorca crassidens, Orcinus orca, Steno bredanensis and Tursiops truncatus. Endogenous causes may be related to the occurrence of certain conditions, but the aetiology of caries-like lesions and calculus accumulation is still unknown for cetaceans. The diagnosis of alveolar anomalies and other bone lesions in specimens with dental pathology lead us to believe these lesions modify the integrity of the periodontal ligament and bony tissues, adding to the burden of morbidity of affected animals.

Análisis Ultraestructural del Efecto Neuroprotector de la Melatonina sobre las lesiones del Cortex Cerebeloso del Embrión de Pollo inducidas por Glutamato Monosódico.

OpenAIRE

García de la Oliva, Alejandro

2017-01-01

En el presente estudio analizamos el efecto neuroprotector que la administración exógena de la melatonina ejerce sobre las lesiones neurodegenerativas de la corteza cerebelosa del embrión de pollo causadas por excitotoxicidad glutamatérgica. Para ello hemos diseñado un modelo experimental que nos permite: por un lado, evaluar y seguir la evolución de las lesiones que sobre el desarrollo de la corteza cerebelosa produce la administración de gl...

Lesiones cariosas reversibles e irreversibles en escolares mexicanos de 11 y 12 años de edad: un análisis de regresión binomial negativa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan J. Villalobos-Rodelo

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción. La caries dental es una de las enfermedades crónicas infantiles más frecuentes. En México es un problema de salud pública bucal. Objetivo. Identificar las variables asociadas a la presencia de caries (lesiones reversibles e irreversibles en una muestra de escolares mexicanos. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio transversal en 640 escolares de 11 y 12 años de edad. La variable dependiente fue el índice C1+2POD, contemplando las lesiones cariosas (caries dental reversibles e irreversibles según la clasificación C1/C2/ de Pitts. Se practicaron exámenes clínicos por examinadores capacitados y estandarizados. Utilizando cuestionarios estructurados, se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, socioeconómicas y sobre conductas relacionadas con la salud bucal. En el análisis se empleó el modelo de regresión binomial negativa. Resultados. El índice C1+2POD fue 5,68±3,47. Las características de los escolares que estuvieron asociadas a un incremento en la media esperada del índice de caries dental fueron: ser del sexo femenino (27,1 %, tener 12 años de edad (23,2 %, consumir mayores cantidades de azúcar (13,9 %, tener higiene bucal regular (31,3 %, o tener mala o muy mala higiene bucal (62,3 %. Contrariamente, el que la familia poseyera un automóvil disminuyó 13,5 % la media esperada del C1+2POD. Conclusiones. Cuando se toman en consideración las caries que presentan cavidades y aquellas que se encuentran en un estado incipiente de desarrollo, se acentúa aún más el carácter de esta enfermedad (promedio de casi seis dientes con caries como un problema clínico común y un problema de salud pública bucal. Los resultados revelan la necesidad de establecer estrategias preventivas y curativas en la muestra.   doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v33i1.841

Dental disorders in brown howler monkeys (Alouatta guariba clamitans) maintained in captivity.

Science.gov (United States)

Dias Neto, Ramiro das Neves; Fecchio, Roberto Silva; Rahal, Sheila Canevese; Teixeira, Carlos Roberto; Gioso, Marco Antônio; Pereira, Camila Trevisan; Santos, Maria Augusta Adami Pereira Dos; Milanelo, Liliane

2016-04-01

The aim of this study was to investigate dental disorders of brown howler monkeys maintained in captivity. The hypothesis is that the identification and diagnosis of the lesions may contribute to control and prevention. Sixteen intact brown howler monkeys (Alouatta guariba clamitans), eight females and eight males, weighing from 3.9 to 6.8 kg, were studied. Under general anesthesia, the teeth were evaluated by visual inspection, probing, palpation, and intra-oral radiographic exam. The findings were registered on a dental chart specific for primates. Of the 16 monkeys evaluated in the present study, 94% (n = 15) had some type of dental disorder. The lesions observed were dental calculus (88%), dental wear (81%), missing teeth (38%), gingivitis (19%), gingival recession (6%), dental fracture (19%), pulp exposure (19%), and dental staining (25%). Alouatta guariba clamitans maintained in captivity have a high rate of dental problems. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

The characteristics of hospital emergency department visits made by people with mental health conditions who had dental problems.

Science.gov (United States)

Nalliah, Romesh P; Da Silva, John D; Allareddy, Veerasathpurush

2013-06-01

There is a paucity of knowledge regarding nationally representative estimates of hospital-based emergency department (ED) visits for dental problems made by people with mental health conditions. The authors conducted a study to provide nationwide estimates of hospital-based ED visits attributed to dental caries, pulpal and periapical lesions, gingival and periodontal lesions and mouth cellulitis/abscess made by people with mental health conditions. The authors used the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, which is a component of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project sponsored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. ED visits attributable to dental caries, pulpal and periapical lesions, gingival and periodontal lesions and mouth cellulitis/abscess were identified by the emergency care provider by using diagnostic codes in International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification. The authors examined outcomes, including hospital charges. They used simple descriptive statistics to summarize the data. In 2008, people with mental health conditions made 15,635,253 visits to hospital-based ED in the United States. A diagnosis of dental caries, pulpal and periapical lesions, gingival and periodontal lesions and mouth cellulitis/abscess represented 63,164 of these ED visits. The breakdown of the ED visits was 34,574 with dental caries, 25,352 with pulpal and periapical lesions, 9,657 with gingival and periodontal lesions, and 2,776 with mouth cellulitis/abscess. The total charge for ED visits in the United States was $55.46 million in 2008. In 2008, people with mental health conditions made 63,164 visits to hospital-based EDs and received a diagnosis of dental caries, pulpal and periapical lesions, gingival and periodontal lesions or mouth cellulitis/abscess. These ED visits incurred substantial hospital charges. Programs designed to reduce the number of ED visits made by this population for common dental problems could have a

All-optical photoacoustic imaging and detection of early-stage dental caries

Science.gov (United States)

Sampathkumar, Ashwin; Hughes, David A.; Longbottom, Chris; Kirk, Katherine J.

2015-02-01

Dental caries remain one of the most common oral diseases in the world. Current detection methods, such as dental explorer and X-ray radiography, suffer from poor sensitivity and specificity at the earliest (and reversible) stages of the disease because of the small size (tooth decay. This AOPAI system provides a non-contact, non-invasive and non-ionizing means of detecting early-stage dental caries. Ex-vivo teeth exhibiting early-stage, white-spot lesions were imaged using AOPAI. Experimental scans targeted each early-stage lesion and a reference healthy enamel region. Photoacoustic (PA) signals were generated in the tooth using a 532-nm pulsed laser and the light-induced broadband ultrasound signal was detected at the surface of the tooth with an optical path-stabilized Michelson interferometer operating at 532 nm. The measured time-domain signal was spatially resolved and back-projected to form 2D and 3D maps of the lesion using k-wave reconstruction methods. Experimental data collected from areas of healthy and diseased enamel indicate that the lesion generated a larger PA response compared to healthy enamel. The PA-signal amplitude alone was able to detect a lesion on the surface of the tooth. However, time- reversal reconstructions of the PA scans also quantitatively depicted the depth of the lesion. 3D PA reconstruction of the diseased tooth indicated a sub-surface lesion at a depth of 0.6 mm, in addition to the surface lesion. These results suggest that our AOPAI system is well suited for rapid clinical assessment of early-stage dental caries. An overview of the AOPAI system, fine-resolution PA and histology results of diseased and healthy teeth will be presented.

Detection activity assessment and diagnosis of dental caries lesions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Braga, Mariana M; Mendes, Fausto M; Ekstrand, Kim R

2010-01-01

This article reviews the current methods for detection and assessment of caries lesions focusing on applicability for daily clinical practice. The end point is to arrive at a diagnosis for each caries lesion. Visual inspection aided by a ball-ended probe is essential for caries lesions assessment...... and the method must be used for all patients. Use of indices, for example, the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS), can improve the performance of this method. Using visual inspection, the clinician must decide about the presence, severity and activity of lesions. After this process...

Processing and characterization of alumina/LAS bioceramics for ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Administrator

dental applications. M GUEDES1,4,*, V .... Alumina/LAS bioceramics for dental applications. 697 strength ... assessment. ... indentation load (N) and c is the median length (m) of the ... mixtures show two distinct modes, reflecting both the.

ESTIMACIONES ACERCA DE LA SALUD DE POBLACIONES QUE OCUPARON LAS SIERRAS CENTRALES Y PLANICIES ORIENTALES (CÓRDOBA, ARGENTINA EN EL HOLOCENO TARDÍO: UNA APROXIMACIÓN DESDE LA ANTROPOLOGÍA DENTAL / Estimating Late Holocene health from Cordoba´s...

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudina Victoria González

2011-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar desde una perspectiva bioarqueológica las condiciones generales de salud de las poblaciones humanas que ocuparon la región austral de las Sierras Pampeanas en el Holoceno tardío (ca. 2500-400 años A.P., particularmente a través del estudio de bioindicadores dentales tales como hipoplasias del esmalte dental, abscesos y pérdidas dentales ante mortem. Se analizó una muestra de 80 individuos adultos de ambos sexos, procedentes de 48 sitios de toda la región. Se calcularon prevalencias por sexo, edad, cronología -Holoceno tardío inicial (ca. 2500-1500 años AP. y final (ca.1500-400 años AP-, así como sub-regiones geográficas - Sierras Chicas, Noreste, Noroeste, Llanura extraserrana, Sur y Traslasierra-. Posteriormente, se evaluó si las diferencias observadas eran significativas o no, mediante la aplicación del test de Chi-cuadrado (X2. Los resultados indican que las poblaciones asentadas en la región hacia momentos finales del Holoceno tardío habrían sufrido un deterioro en las condiciones generales de salud, principalmente los individuos adultos jóvenes y medios de toda el área, siendo mayor la intensidad en las sub regiones Noreste y Traslasierra.   Palabras clave: bioindicadores dentales, salud, región austral de las Sierras Pampeanas, Bioarqueología   Estimating Late Holocene health from Cordoba´s Central Highlands end Eastern Lowland populations (Argentina. A dental anthropology approach   Abstract The aim of this work is to study, from a bioarchaeological perspective, the health conditions of the populations that inhabited the southern portion of the Sierras Pampeanas region (Córdoba province by the Late Holocene (ca. 2500-400 years BP, through the analysis of three non-specific indicators of stress and infectious diseases: hypoplasia of dental enamel, abscesses, and antemortem teeth loss. The sample is composed by 80 adult individuals from 48 archaeological sites. We

Acute periodontal lesions.

Science.gov (United States)

Herrera, David; Alonso, Bettina; de Arriba, Lorenzo; Santa Cruz, Isabel; Serrano, Cristina; Sanz, Mariano

2014-06-01

This review provides updates on acute conditions affecting the periodontal tissues, including abscesses in the periodontium, necrotizing periodontal diseases and other acute conditions that cause gingival lesions with acute presentation, such as infectious processes not associated with oral bacterial biofilms, mucocutaneous disorders and traumatic and allergic lesions. A periodontal abscess is clinically important because it is a relatively frequent dental emergency, it can compromise the periodontal prognosis of the affected tooth and bacteria within the abscess can spread and cause infections in other body sites. Different types of abscesses have been identified, mainly classified by their etiology, and there are clear differences between those affecting a pre-existing periodontal pocket and those affecting healthy sites. Therapy for this acute condition consists of drainage and tissue debridement, while an evaluation of the need for systemic antimicrobial therapy will be made for each case, based on local and systemic factors. The definitive treatment of the pre-existing condition should be accomplished after the acute phase is controlled. Necrotizing periodontal diseases present three typical clinical features: papilla necrosis, gingival bleeding and pain. Although the prevalence of these diseases is not high, their importance is clear because they represent the most severe conditions associated with the dental biofilm, with very rapid tissue destruction. In addition to bacteria, the etiology of necrotizing periodontal disease includes numerous factors that alter the host response and predispose to these diseases, namely HIV infection, malnutrition, stress or tobacco smoking. The treatment consists of superficial debridement, careful mechanical oral hygiene, rinsing with chlorhexidine and daily re-evaluation. Systemic antimicrobials may be used adjunctively in severe cases or in nonresponding conditions, being the first option metronidazole. Once the acute

Prevención de lesiones en esquí

OpenAIRE

Roberto Negrín, V.

2012-01-01

El esquí es un deporte que practican más de 200 millones de personas en el mundo y en nuestro país su práctica va en aumento. Las lesiones del esquí han disminuido en las últimas décadas a casi un tercio, pero se han concentrado y aumentado las lesiones específicas de la rodilla. Se realiza un revisión bibliográfica analizando los factores que influyen en la producción de lesiones y sus métodos de prevención. El presente artículo muestra cómo algunas medidas de prevención como evitar co...

Awareness of patients about existing oral precancerous lesions/conditions in Nashik city of Maharashtra

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bhushan Sukdeo Ahire

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Many oral squamous cell carcinomas develop from premalignant lesions/conditions of oral cavity. Hence, the awareness of such lesions/conditions is important. Aim: To assess the awareness about existing oral precancerous lesions/conditions among patients arriving for dental treatment at a dental hospital, in Nashik city of Maharashtra. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was used to collect information from 80 patients with existing oral precancerous lesions/conditions attending the dental hospital, in Nashik city of Maharashtra. The questionnaire included questions to ascertain information on sociodemographic parameters, awareness, and sources of information about of oral precancerous lesions/conditions, habit of tobacco, areca nut chewing, smoking, alcohol, and combined habits. Results: We found that 40% (n = 32 respondents knew about the existence of lesion in their mouth of which only 50% (out of 40% had thought that it was precancerous lesion/condition. Among all subjects, only 47.5% (n = 38 were aware of oral precancerous lesions/conditions. Television was the major source of information about oral precancerous lesions/conditions almost all the subjects (97.5% wanted more information about oral precancerous lesions/conditions but through television (42.5% and lectures (27.5%. Conclusion: Awareness of patients (coming to hospital about oral precancerous lesions/conditions was found to be low. The people must be made aware of symptoms, signs, and preventive strategies of oral precancerous lesions/conditions through their preferred media – television and lectures.

LESIONS OF THE MANDIBLE - A PATTERN BASED APPROACH TO DIAGNOSIS BY OPG

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anil Govind

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The present study of 95 orthopentograms focused on importance of OPG as a first line of investigation in the diagnosis of mandibular lesions and establish its role beyond doubt in some the conditions due to its pathognomonic appearance. It also narrows down the list of differential diagnosis. INTRODUCTION Mandibular lesions cause a variety of problems ranging from swelling, tooth mobility, displacement of adjacent teeth, mild sensitivity, root deformation of developing permanent teeth and potential to expand the bone causing fractures. Some of these mandibular lesions are silent in their progression and pose a challenge in early diagnosis for clinicians. Radiographic characteristics such as location, margin, density, relation to tooth, along with clinical notes is the first step in interpreting mandibular pathologies. Orthopentogram is a simple, accurate and cost effective technique commonly employed for diagnosing dental and maxillofacial lesions. We retrospectively evaluated spectrum of mandibular lesions from a database of groundwork diagnostic OPGs. METHODS We reviewed a total of 2690 orthopentograms of patients with tooth ache and/or swelling, referred to the radiologist for the preliminary diagnosis. All osteolytic lesions more than 10 mm. and having characteristics of root abscess were included for evaluation. OPG taken for orthodontic work up, showing dental abscess less than 10 mm and OPG of patients with Gingival and T.M. joint pathologies were excluded. RESULTS In our study, we found 0.35% (95/2690 of patients were having a spectrum of mandibular lesions. The frequency of appearance of mandibular lesions on OPG was buccal-neoplasm>dentigerous-cysts>dental-cyst>neoplastic=traumatic-bone-cyst= osteomyelitis >kerato-cyst. The most frequent sites of these lesions were 80/103(77.6% molars, 14/103(13.6% incisors, and 9/103(8.7% angle of mandibles. No lesions were found on condyles. CONCLUSION The present study proves that OPG is a first

Incidence of dental caries in primary dentition and risk factors: a longitudinal study.

Science.gov (United States)

Corrêa-Faria, Patrícia; Paixão-Gonçalves, Suzane; Paiva, Saul Martins; Pordeus, Isabela Almeida

2016-05-20

The objectives of this prospective, longitudinal, population-based study were to estimate the incidence of dental caries in the primary dentition, identify risk factors and determine the proportion of children receiving dental treatment, through a two-year follow up. The first dental exam was conducted with 381 children aged one to five years, at health centers during immunization campaigns; 184 of them had dental caries and 197 had no caries experience. The second exam was carried out two years later at a nursery or at home with the same individuals who participated in the first exam. The diagnosis of dental caries was performed using the dmft criteria. Parents were interviewed regarding socioeconomic indicators. Descriptive, bivariate and adjusted Poisson regression analyses were performed. Among the 381 children, 234 were reexamined after two years (non-exposed: 139; exposed: 95). The overall incidence of dental caries was 46.6%. The greatest incidence of dental caries was found in the group of children with previous caries experience (61.1%). Among the children without dental caries in the first exam, 36.7% exhibited caries in the second exam. The majority of children (72.6%) received no treatment for carious lesions in the two-year interval between examinations. Children with previous dental caries (RR: 1.52, 95%CI: 1.12-2.05) had a greater risk of developing new lesions, compared with the children without previous dental caries. The incidence of dental caries was high and most of children's caries were untreated. Previous caries experience is a risk factor for developing new carious lesions in children.

Maxillomandibular giant osteosclerotic lesions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Constantino LEDESMA-MONTES

2018-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Giant Osteosclerotic Lesions (GOLs are a group of rarely reported intraosseous lesions. Their precise diagnosis is important since they can be confused with malignant neoplasms. Objective This retrospective study aimed to record and analyze the clinical and radiographic Giant Osteosclerotic Lesions (GOLs detected in the maxillomandibular area of patients attending to our institution. Materials and Methods: Informed consent from the patients was obtained and those cases of 2.5 cm or larger lesions with radiopaque or mixed (radiolucid-radiopaque appearance located in the maxillofacial bones were selected. Assessed parameters were: age, gender, radiographic aspect, shape, borders, size, location and relations to roots. Lesions were classified as radicular, apical, interradicular, interradicular-apical, radicular-apical or located in a previous teeth extraction area. Additionally, several osseous and dental developmental alterations (DDAs were assessed. Results Seventeen radiopacities in 14 patients were found and were located almost exclusively in mandible and were two types: idiopathic osteosclerosis and condensing osteitis. GOLs were more frequent in females, and in the anterior and premolar zones. 94.2% of GOLs were qualified as idiopathic osteosclerosis and one case was condensing osteitis. All studied cases showed different osseous and dental developmental alterations (DDAs. The most common were: Microdontia, hypodontia, pulp stones, macrodontia and variations in the mental foramina. Conclusions GOLs must be differentiated from other radiopaque benign and malignant tumors. Condensing osteitis, was considered an anomalous osseous response induced by a chronic low-grade inflammatory stimulus. For development of idiopathic osteosclerosis, two possible mechanisms could be related. The first is modification of the normal turnover with excessive osseous deposition. The second mechanism will prevent the normal bone resorption, arresting the

CORRELACIÓN ENTRE LAS LESIONES MACROSCÓPICAS E HISTOPATOLÓGICAS DE LA NEUMONÍA ENZOÓTICA Y LA DETECCIÓN DEL Mycoplasma hyopneumoniaePOR PCR ANIDADA EN LAVADOS BRONCO ALVEOLARES EN CERDOS AL SACRIFICIO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

H Guzmán

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae es el agente etiológico primario de la neumonía enzoótica (ne de los porcinos, y es el agente de mayor importancia involucrado en el Complejo res-piratorio Porcino (CrP. el propósito de este trabajo fue evaluar las lesiones en pulmones de 55 cerdos en planta de sacrificio procedentes de granjas de producción intensiva; las muestras fueron tomadas en forma aleatoria con base en lesiones sugestivas de ne y pulmo-nes aparentemente normales como controles para análisis histopatológico y para detección de adn de Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae en lavados bronco alveolares por PCr anidada. Las lesiones macroscópicas fueron evaluadas en términos de porcentaje de afección y las lesiones histopatológicas fueron clasificadas (de 0-4 según escala de severidad subjetiva, de acuerdo con el grado de hiperplasia de agregados linfoides asociados a bronquios, bron-quiolos y vasos sanguíneos (BaLT. Mediante la técnica de PCr anidada fueron positivas 54 de 55 muestras. Las lesiones histopatológicas del BaLT mostraron alta correlación con los hallazgos macroscópicos y con lesiones microscópicas de hiperplasia de células epite-liales e infiltración de células inflamatorias en vías aéreas. Los resultados demostraron que el PCr anidado es una herramienta complementaria importante para el diagnóstico de la presencia de Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae en afecciones respiratorias asociadas con ne y CRP de los porcinos al sacrificio.

Investigation of contact allergy to dental materials by patch testing

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Reena Rai

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Dental products are widely used by patients and dental personnel alike and may cause problems for both. Dental materials could cause contact allergy with varying manifestations such as burning, pain, stomatitis, cheilitis, ulcers, lichenoid reactions localized to the oral mucosa in patients, and hand dermatitis in dental personnel. Patch testing with the dental series comprising commonly used materials can be used to detect contact allergies to dental materials. Aim: This study aimed to identify contact allergy among patients who have oral mucosal lesions after dental treatment and among dental personnel who came in contact with these materials. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients who had undergone dental procedures with symptoms of oral lichen planus, oral stomatitis, burning mouth, and recurrent aphthosis, were included in the study. Dental personnel with history of hand dermatitis were also included in the study. Patch testing was performed using Chemotechnique Dental Series and results interpreted as recommended by the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group (ICDRG. Results: Out of 13 patients who had undergone dental treatment/with oral symptoms, six patients with stomatitis, lichenoid lesions, and oral ulcers showed positive patch tests to a variety of dental materials, seven patients with ulcers had negative patch tests, seven dental personnel with hand dermatitis showed multiple allergies to various dental materials, and most had multiple positivities. Conclusion: The patch test is a useful, simple, noninvasive method to detect contact allergies among patients and among dental personnel dealing with these products. Long term studies are necessary to establish the relevance of these positive patch tests by eliminating the allergic substances, identifying clinical improvement, and substituting with nonallergenic materials.

Prevención de las lesiones de los músculos isquiosurales en el fútbol profesional. Propuesta de intervención

OpenAIRE

López, Carlos Enrique; Lorenzo Calvo, Alberto; Jiménez, S.

2012-01-01

El fútbol es el deporte con mayor índice lesional. La musculatura isquiosural es la más afectada, suponiendo un 30% aproximadamente del total. Nuestro objeto de estudio fue elaborar un plan de prevención en un equipo de fútbol profesional masculino de primera división (LFP) durante la temporada 2011/12 con el fin de minimizar el riesgo de lesión y observar, al final de la misma, si el número total de lesiones de la musculatura isquiosural había disminuido con respecto a las dos temporadas...

Minimal Intervention Dentistry (MID) for managing dental caries – a review

Science.gov (United States)

Frencken, Jo E.; Peters, Mathilde C.; Manton, David J.; Leal, Soraya C.; Gordan, Valeria V.; Eden, Ece

2012-01-01

This publication describes the history of Minimal Intervention Dentistry (MID) for managing dental caries and presents evidence for various carious lesion detection devices, for preventive measures, for restorative and non-restorative therapies as well as for repairing rather than replacing defective restorations. It is a follow-up to the FDI World Dental Federation publication on MID, of 2000. The dental profession currently is faced with an enormous task of how to manage the high burden of consequences of the caries process amongst the world population. If it is to manage carious lesion development and its progression, it should move away from the ‘surgical’ care approach and fully embrace the MID approach. The chance for MID to be successful is thought to be increased tremendously if dental caries is not considered an infectious but instead a behavioural disease with a bacterial component. Controlling the two main carious lesion development related behaviours, i.e. intake and frequency of fermentable sugars, to not more than five times daily and removing/disturbing dental plaque from all tooth surfaces using an effective fluoridated toothpaste twice daily, are the ingredients for reducing the burden of dental caries in many communities in the world. FDI’s policy of reducing the need for restorative therapy by placing an even greater emphasis on caries prevention than is currently done, is therefore, worth pursuing. PMID:23106836

Diagnóstico y tratamiento de lesiones cariosas incipientes en caras oclusales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Verónica Cueto Rostom

Full Text Available Las fosas y fisuras continúan siendo las áreas más vulnerables al desarrollo de las lesiones cariosas. A diferencia de las lesiones cariosas de superficies lisas, el desarrollo de las mismas en las superficies oclusales es menos susceptible a la acción de los fluoruros. Por otra parte el diagnóstico de caries en superficies oclusales se está tornando cada vez más difícil ya que ocurren cambios en el patrón de estas lesiones debido al uso del fluoruro. El esmalte se observa intacto debido a su remineralización superficial, pero dicha remineralización no alcanza a la dentina. Los clínicos disponen hoy en día de una amplia gama de opciones terapéuticas a su disposición para el manejo de lesiones oclusales. La selección del tipo de tratamiento debe basarse en el diagnóstico. La precisión de este diagnóstico es crucial, a fin de poder distinguir lesiones que pueden ser tratadas por métodos no invasivos de aquellas que justificarían un tratamiento restaurador. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir y evaluar varios métodos de diagnóstico de lesiones cariosas oclusales, así como también distintas opciones terapéuticas para las mismas

Autoeficacia y lesiones deportivas: ¿factor protector o de riesgo?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

V\\u00EDctor J. Rubio

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio analiza el efecto de la autoeficacia en la lesión deportiva y en qué medida ese efecto se ve mediado por las estrategias de afrontamiento ante la situación competitiva que los deportistas exhiban. Se evaluaron el Número de Lesiones en los últimos 12 meses, la Autoeficacia General y las estrategias de Afrontamiento de 245 deportistas. Un análisis de regresión mostró que dos de las estrategias de afrontamiento: calma emocional y tendencia al riesgo, predecían el padecimiento de un menor o mayor número de lesiones, respectivamente. Un path analysis mostró que la Autoeficacia no incidía directamente en el número de lesiones sino que las estrategias de afrontamiento mediaban esa relación. Contra lo esperado, una mayor autoeficacia induce tanto estrategias que llevan a intentar nuevas alternativas y opciones arriesgadas (conductas de riesgo como otras que intentan controlar las emociones negativas (calma emocional que, supuestamente, estarían relacionadas con menores conductas de riesgo. En el primer caso incrementando y en el segundo decrementando la vulnerabilidad a las lesiones.

Pattern of Prescription of Antibiotics among Dental Practitioners in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons ... engaged in treatment of pediatric dental patients in different public and ..... carious lesion on tooth number 85 (mandibular right ... complicated crown fractures, severe tooth displacement, ... Why we must reduce dental prescription of.

Nd:YAG Lasers Treating of Carious Lesion and Root Canal In Vitro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Danqing Xia

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Dental caries is a transmissible bacterial disease process, with cavities at the end, and caused by acids from bacterial metabolism. The essence of dental treatment is to clean and disinfect bacterial contamination from the tooth. In this work, we tried to demonstrate the cleaning and disinfecting effects of Nd:YAG laser irradiation on dental carious lesion and root canal in vitro. Acousto-optic Q-switched quasicontinuous and Cr3+:YAG crystal Q-switched pulse Nd:YAG lasers were employed to treat caries lesion and the root canal, respectively. Results showed that acousto-optic Q-switched quasicontinuous Nd:YAG laser irradiation and Cr3+:YAG crystal Q-switched pulse Nd:YAG laser irradiation could rapidly clean decayed material and bacterial contamination from dental carious lesion and the narrow tail end of root canal with minimally invasive in vitro, respectively. It was concluded that acousto-optic Q-switched quasicontinuous laser irradiation may be a rapid and effective alternative caries treatment, and Cr3+:YAG crystal Q-switched pulse Nd:YAG laser irradiation may be an effective method for canal cleaning and disinfecting during root canal therapy.

Propiedades Psicométricas de la Versión Española de la Abeer Children DentalAnxiety Scale (ACDAS) para la Medición de Ansiedad Dental en Niños

OpenAIRE

Mafla, Ana Cristina; Villalobos, Fredy Hernán; Pinchao Ramírez, Wilson Marino; Lucero Yela, Diego Fernando

2017-01-01

El proceso de validez y fiabilidad de las escalas de ansiedad dental en español para niños ha sido escasa. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la adaptación española de la Abeer Children Dental Anxiety Scale (ACDAS) como una medida de auto-reporte de ansiedad dental en niños. El ACDAS incluye 13 ítems sobre las reacciones de ansiedad a estímulos de la atención odontológica y un componente cognitivo evaluado a los niños, padres y operadores. Se adaptó...

Capacidad predictiva de las escalas de valoración de riesgo de úlceras por presión y otras lesiones relacionadas con la dependencia en el paciente crítico

OpenAIRE

Roca Biosca, Maria Alba

2016-01-01

Las ulceras por presión (UPP) suponen un problema de salud que afecta a todos los niveles asistenciales y que adquiere una especial relevancia en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos donde encontramos niveles de prevalencia muy altos. Históricamente el término “úlcera por presión” ha sido el empleado para denominar tanto a aquellas lesiones cuyo mecanismo causal es la presión, como a aquellas que responden a etiologías distintas. Agrupar bajo un único nombre (UPP) a lesiones cuyo origen es ...

Determinación de las variables psicológicas y deportivas relevantes a las lesiones deportivas: Un análisis bayesiano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexandre Garcia-Mas

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio analiza la relación entre variables psicológicas y las lesiones deportivas. Participaron en el estudio un total de 297 deportistas, de 26 distintos deportes. Se recogieron variables biomédicas, deportivas, psicológicas y referentes a la lesión deportiva. El análisis de los datos se llevó a cabo por medio de redes Bayesianas. Nuestros resultados parecen indicar que una elevada probabilidad de autoeficacia produce dependencia estadística de más probabilidad de lesión deportiva. Esta variable recibe influencias antecedentes tanto de variables biomédicas (IMC como de variables psicológicas (estrés. También existen variables consecuentes a la lesión: uso de estrategias de afrontamiento, y locus de control.

Lesiones de la sindesmosis tibioperonea distal: Review article

OpenAIRE

Álvarez López, Alejandro; Rodríguez Rodríguez, Eugenio; García Lorenzo, Yenima; Muñoz Infante, Arnaldo

2008-01-01

Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre las lesiones traumáticas de la articulación tibioperonea distal. Se recuerda y actualiza sobre aspectos como: anatomía, mecanismo de producción y cuadro clínico. Reciben especial énfasis los estudios imagenológicos y se subraya el uso e interpretación de la radiografía simple. Para terminar esta revisión se exponen las variantes de tratamiento tanto para las lesiones ligamentosas aisladas o asociadas a fractura del tobillo y su manejo posoperatorio....

Dental diseases and radionuclide imaging of the jaws.

Science.gov (United States)

Arias, Jose A; Pardo, Carlos; Olmos, Antonio; Cuadrado, Maria L; Ruibal, Alvaro

2004-03-01

The aim of this study was to compare the results of radionuclide bone scans of the jaws with data obtained at the nuclear medicine department from a brief and feasible dental history, taking special account of cases with a positive scan and no recent dental events. Ninety-eight patients undergoing radionuclide bone scan as part of their diagnosis in non-dental, oncological and non-oncological diseases were imaged with 99mTc-labelled oxidronate. Superior and inferior halves of the mandible and maxilla (392 quadrants) were regarded as normal or having an abnormally high uptake. A recent (1 year) dental history was also obtained through a brief questionnaire and data were referred to each quadrant of the jaws. The association between the bone scan and dental disease was assessed by means of the chi-squared test. The overall results of scintigraphy and history coincided in 66 patients (46 with abnormal and 20 with normal findings; P = 0.002). Twenty-five patients had a positive scintigram without any known dental disorder. Results of scintigraphy and history coincided in 254 quadrants (78 with abnormal and 176 with normal findings; P < 0.001). Eighty-three quadrants had hot spots in the scintigram without any known dental lesion. It can be concluded that abnormal jaw scintigrams are frequent in patients without known dental disease, and this may indicate silent osteoblastic activity. These observations should be reported to the dentist for several reasons. First, they may reveal asymptomatic dental lesions. Second, the use of oral prostheses and implants is increasing and they require the support of healthy alveolar bone.

Arthoscopy La artroscopia y las lesiones articulares

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raúl J. Naranjo

1991-01-01

Full Text Available

A general view is presented on arthroscopy; its history, indications and limitations are described and analyzed; its advantages in comparison with open surgery are emphasized.

La artroscopia es un procedimiento que permite, mediante un instrumento óptico, evaluar el Interior de las cavidades articulares. Comenzó a desarrollarse como un procedimiento diagnóstico y pronto sus grandes ventajas frente a las exploraciones abiertas aceleraron el desarrollo de las técnicas y del instrumental. La minimización del trauma a los tejidos y la menor morbilidad posoperatoria permiten que la deambulación y la recuperación funcional sean precoces lo cual, sumado a un mejor resultado estético, ha colocado a la artroscopia como procedimiento de elección para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de múltiples estados patológicos intraarticulares.

Estabilidad y funcionalidad de sellantes dentales en altas temperaturas ambientales

OpenAIRE

Mishina, Anastasia; Mayelín Guerra, Rosa; Durán Ramos, Ivette; Sabatier, Juan D.

2000-01-01

Los sellantes dentales son materiales que se emplean en estomatología para sellar las fosas y fisuras oclusales de los dientes y evitar la adherencia del estreptococus mutans agente que produce la caries dental. Estos materiales se suministran en dos partes que al mezclarse producen el endurecimiento de la resina. Sin embargo, estos productos presentan dificultades para su comercialización en los países tropicales, debido a que las altas temperaturas ambientales traen problemas en...

A simple working classification proposed for the latrogenic lesions of teeth and associated structures in the oral cavity.

Science.gov (United States)

Shamim, Thorakkal

2013-09-01

Iatrogenic lesions can affect both hard and soft tissues in the oral cavity, induced by the dentist's activity, manner or therapy. There is no approved simple working classification for the iatrogenic lesions of teeth and associated structures in the oral cavity in the literature. A simple working classification is proposed here for iatrogenic lesions of teeth and associated structures in the oral cavity based on its relation with dental specialities. The dental specialities considered in this classification are conservative dentistry and endodontics, orthodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery and prosthodontics. This classification will be useful for the dental clinician who is dealing with diseases of oral cavity.

La ciclooxigenasa-2 (COX-2) y el factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EFG) en lesiones epiteliales orales premalignas Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in oral premalignant epithelial lesions

OpenAIRE

S. Díaz Prado; A. Gallego Guadalupe; J.L. López-Cedrún; J. Ferreras Granado; L. Antón Aparicio

2009-01-01

Las lesiones premalignas orales incluyen eritroplasias (manchas rojas) y leucoplasias (manchas blancas), las cuales se desarrollan a lo largo de superficies epiteliales. Estas lesiones son considerados marcadores en la "carcinogénesis de campo" ya que pacientes con lesiones premalignas orales pueden desarrollar carcinoma de células escamosas (CCS) en el sitio de las lesiones, así como en otros lugares de tracto aerodigestivo superior. Se está haciendo un gran esfuerzo para identificar nuevos ...

A longitudinal study of occlusal caries in Newark New Jersey school children: relationship between initial dental finding and the development of new lesions

Science.gov (United States)

Markowitz, Kenneth; Fairlie, Karen; Ferrandiz, Javier; Nasri-Heir, Cibele

2012-01-01

Objective Dental caries is a significant public health problem especially amongst children from low-income backgrounds. This longitudinal study examined the development of new occlusal caries in 227 Newark, NJ children ages 10–18. The role of previous caries experience and the presence of occlusal white and dark lesions in predicting the development of new lesions were examined. Design At each visit, the patient’s teeth were given a visual-tactile examination and the subject’s decayed; missing and filled (DMFS) score was determined. Next, molars lacking probeable caries or restorations were examined using transillumination for occlusal white and dark spots. This examination was repeated periodically. A Cox proportional hazard was used to analyze data concerning the development of new occusal caries in molars. Results The longitudinal data indicates that patients who were caries free at visit-1 developed significantly fewer occlusal caries during the longitudinal study. The hazard ratio for subjects who had first-visit caries was 2.27 compared to caries free subjects. Intact molars with occlusal white or dark lesions had caries hazard ratios of 0.78 and 1.49 respectively, compared to molars lacking initial color changes. Conclusion Having a prior caries history places the subject at increased risk of developing future caries. Teeth with dark lesions but not white lesions are at significantly increased risk for developing decay. White lesions may represent remineralizing or slowly progressing lesions. The results of this study can help identify patients and tooth surfaces at risk for future occlusal decay. PMID:22841633

Descripción clinico-radiológica y patológica de las lesiones palpables de mama, Clínica León XIII, Seguro Social, Medellín, enero 2001-abril 2002

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gloria Marín

2001-04-01

Full Text Available

El médico, frente a un paciente con enfermedad mamaria, debe realizar una historia clínica completa en donde se tengan en cuenta los factores de riesgo, los antecedentes personales y familiares de lesión mamaria (menarca precoz, y menopausia tardía, entre otros; el examen físico debe hacerse detenidamente, teniendo en cuenta la inspección, localización, signos y síntomas. No se puede restar importancia
al estudio de las lesiones de mama, ya que con él se puede
descartar y prevenir una posible lesión maligna.
Para el estudio se tendrá en cuenta la «tríada diagnóstica» de las
lesiones mamarias: clínica, mamografía o ecografía y biopsia en las
lesiones palpables. Se desea observar la relación que existe entre la
clínica y las ayudas diagnósticas para el establecimiento de una determinada enfermedad (1.

Comparison of the clinical examination with the panoramic radiography in the diagnosis of dental caries

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Choi, Hang Moon [Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

1999-02-15

The objective of this study was to compare clinical examination of of dental caries and secondary caries with panoramic examination, and to examine bone lesions and dental anomaly of unerupted state. In this study, clinical records and panoramic radiographs were available for 89 first grade students in elementary school. Dental caries of occlusal surfaces, proximal surfaces, and buccolingual surfaces were examined. Secondary caries was examined too. In addition, the central lesion and dental anomaly of unerupted state were examined in panoramic radiographs. The obtained results were as followed :1. Carious detectability of clinical examination in occlusal and buccolingual surface was higher than that of panoramic examination, but it is statistically insignificant (p>0.05). In proximal surface, carious detectability of panoramic examination was higher than that of clinical examination, and it is statistically significant (p<0.01). 2. In contrast to clinical examination only, when the two examination methods were combined, there was additional detection of dental caries (26.7% in occlusal surface, 48.2% in proximal surface, 33.3% in buccolingual surface, and 38.3% totally). 3. In detection of secondary caries, panoramic examination had lower ability than clinical examination in all three surfaces, but in case that both methods were combined, totally 36.0% extra carious lesions were detected. 4. In panoramic examination, detectability of secondary caries in upper teeth is lower than lower teeth. 5. In panoramic examination, it was possible to detect the central lesions and dental anomalies of unerupted state which cannot be detected in clinical examination. It is useful to combine the panoramic examination with clinical examination in order to increase carious detectability and to evaluate the central lesions and dental anomalies of unerupted state.

Comparison of the clinical examination with the panoramic radiography in the diagnosis of dental caries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Choi, Hang Moon

1999-01-01

The objective of this study was to compare clinical examination of of dental caries and secondary caries with panoramic examination, and to examine bone lesions and dental anomaly of unerupted state. In this study, clinical records and panoramic radiographs were available for 89 first grade students in elementary school. Dental caries of occlusal surfaces, proximal surfaces, and buccolingual surfaces were examined. Secondary caries was examined too. In addition, the central lesion and dental anomaly of unerupted state were examined in panoramic radiographs. The obtained results were as followed :1. Carious detectability of clinical examination in occlusal and buccolingual surface was higher than that of panoramic examination, but it is statistically insignificant (p>0.05). In proximal surface, carious detectability of panoramic examination was higher than that of clinical examination, and it is statistically significant (p<0.01). 2. In contrast to clinical examination only, when the two examination methods were combined, there was additional detection of dental caries (26.7% in occlusal surface, 48.2% in proximal surface, 33.3% in buccolingual surface, and 38.3% totally). 3. In detection of secondary caries, panoramic examination had lower ability than clinical examination in all three surfaces, but in case that both methods were combined, totally 36.0% extra carious lesions were detected. 4. In panoramic examination, detectability of secondary caries in upper teeth is lower than lower teeth. 5. In panoramic examination, it was possible to detect the central lesions and dental anomalies of unerupted state which cannot be detected in clinical examination. It is useful to combine the panoramic examination with clinical examination in order to increase carious detectability and to evaluate the central lesions and dental anomalies of unerupted state.

Detection of intaoral lesions using a fluorescence camera

Science.gov (United States)

Thoms, Michael

2006-02-01

Optical methods for the detection of carious lesions, calculus and plaque have the advantage of being minimally invasive. The use of endogeneous fluorescence markers like porphyrins could simplify the application of fluorescence techniques in the dental practice. It is known that porphyrins are produced by some of the bacterial species that are present in the oral cavity. Since porphyrins have an excitation band at about 400nm they have the potential to be used as fluorescent markers of locations in the oral cavity where the production of bacteria is out of the limits of healthy regions. Further, modern and efficient GaN-based semiconductor diodes emit light in this spectral range and thus make the implementation of fluorescence sensors with excitation at this wavelength easy. Carious lesions, calculus and plaque have been measured using a self build fluorescence camera using GaN-diodes for illumination at 405nm. Further, emission spectra under this excitation were recorded. For the latter purpose freshly extracted teeth were used. It has been found that already in the case of an initial carious lesion red porphyrin-fluorescence is emitted whereas it is absent in healthy enamel. In already brown coloured carious lesions the emission bands of porphyrin are present but the observed overall fluorescence intensity is lower, probably due to the absorption of the fluorescence by the carious defect itself. In dental calculus, dental plaque and subgingival concrements porphyrin originated luminescence was found as well. Since in these cases the emission spectra differ slightly it can be concluded that they originate from different types of porphyrins and thus also from different bacteria. These results show that this fluorescence technique can be a promising method to diagnose carious lesions, calculus and plaque.

Fragilidad y comportamiento mecánico del esmalte dental

OpenAIRE

Rivera-Velásquez, C. A. (Camilo Alberto); Ossa, A. (Alexander); Arola, D. (Dwayne)

2012-01-01

El esmalte dental es el tejido duro más mineralizado del cuerpo humano. En este trabajo se estudiaron las propiedades mecánicas fundamentales de este tejido para terceros molares de pacientes jóvenes colombianos. Se establecieron la dureza, la tenacidad a la fractura aparente y la fragilidad del esmalte dental en función de la profundidad a partir de la superficie oclusal mediante técnicas de medición de microindentación. Se encontró que las mediciones de dureza son altamente dependi...

An Industrial Dental-Erosion by Chromic Acid: A Case Report

Science.gov (United States)

Dülgergil, Ç. Türksel; Erdemir, Ebru Olgun; Ercan, Ertuḡrul; Erdemir, Ali

2007-01-01

A case of uncommon occupational dental erosion was reported in an individual who had worked in the war industry for twenty years. This occupation involved daily, at least 8 hours, inhalation of chromic acid being used for cleaning of barrel of cannons. The erosion manifested as dental sensitivity with excessive cervical erosion even with pulpal exposure in certain teeth. Moreover, due to the adverse effect of the chemical against to gingival and/or periodontal tissues, the lesions were extremely harmful with respect to the exposed root-cementum. After proper periodontal therapy, cervical lesions were treated conservatively with a compomer based restorative material without cavity preparation. Although today it is not common due to the well-controlled working conditions, occupational combined dental and medical problems via airborne fumes and/or elements can be seen at workers in chemical factories. A cumulative biohazardous effect is generally seen as not only medical but also dental disorders. PMID:19212488

Propuestas para la prevención de lesiones de menisco interno en fútbol

OpenAIRE

Calero, J. C.; Espada, M.; Gallardo, Jana María; Santacruz, J. A.; Clemente, A. L.

2012-01-01

Las lesiones de rodilla son unas de las más frecuentes en el mundo del fútbol. Dentro de estas lesiones se encuentran las de menisco interno con una alta incidencia lesional. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo realizar una serie de propuestas útiles para elaborar un programa de prevención de este tipo de lesiones en fútbol. No obstante, se establecen pautas que pueden ser aplicadas en otros deportes, adaptando los ejercicios a los requerimientos funcionales de los mismos. Para ello, en esta prim...

Extraoral tumor-like granuloma as a symptom of dental infection

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Werner Madsen, Sanne; Søgaard, Sara Taylor; Schmidt, Grethe

2016-01-01

A 26-year old woman with a cutaneous granuloma and fistula caused by a dental infection was initially mistaken for a tumor. She was under diagnostic examinations at several health care providers for 1.5 years before a final diagnosis and treatment was reached. The fistula originated from a periap...... always be suspected. Relevant imaging of the teeth and jaws will usually reveal the cause. The medical history, the oral and skin findings, biopsy, imaging results and treatment are presented in this article.......A 26-year old woman with a cutaneous granuloma and fistula caused by a dental infection was initially mistaken for a tumor. She was under diagnostic examinations at several health care providers for 1.5 years before a final diagnosis and treatment was reached. The fistula originated from...... a periapical lesion and extended to the facial skin. Differential diagnoses include malignant tumor, bacterial infection, furuncle and a granulomatous-like lesion. When a patient is presented with a fistula or granuloma-like lesion on the cheek, chin or the submandibular region, a dental infection should...

Dental erosion: understanding this pervasive condition.

Science.gov (United States)

Almeida e Silva, Júnio S; Baratieri, Luiz Narciso; Araujo, Edson; Widmer, Nicolas

2011-08-01

Dental erosion is a contemporary disease, mostly because of the change of the eating patterns that currently exist in society. It is a "silent" and multifactorial disease, and is highly influenced by habits and lifestyles. The prevalence of dental erosion has considerably increased, with this condition currently standing as a great challenge for the clinician, regarding the diagnosis, identification of the etiological factors, prevention, and execution of an adequate treatment. This article presents a dental erosion review and a case report of a restorative treatment of dental erosion lesions using a combination of bonded ceramic overlays to reestablish vertical dimension and composite resin to restore the worn palatal and incisal surfaces of the anterior upper teeth. Adequate function and esthetics can be achieved with this approach. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Inherited epidermolysis bullosa: an update and suggested dental care considerations.

Science.gov (United States)

Feijoo, Javier F; Bugallo, Juan; Limeres, Jacobo; Peñarrocha, David; Peñarrocha, Miguel; Diz, Pedro

2011-09-01

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a skin disease characterized by epithelial fragility that leads to blistering and erosion of the skin and mucosae. The authors conducted a literature review to provide an update on oral manifestations and dental care of patients with EB. Literature Search. The authors reviewed the dental literature on EB in relation to clinical findings and provision of dental care. They searched textbooks and three databases: MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and Embase. The authors did not impose any date or publication status restrictions. They searched all databases up to August 2010. The literature review revealed that four major groups and 32 subtypes of EB can be distinguished on the basis of the ultrastructural characteristics of skin cleavage, genetic mode of transmission and clinical phenotype. Oral manifestations differ in frequency and severity according to the disease subtype, but the most common are bullae, which leave painful ulcers on rupture, followed by scarring and tissue contraction. Although good oral health status is essential to maintaining oral function, dental treatment can induce new lesions and be hindered by the sequelae of existing lesions. Dental treatment in patients with EB requires a multidisciplinary approach. Dental procedures must be minimally traumatic, and the effectiveness of treatment is determined mainly by the patient's general health, cooperation in the dental office and at home, oral hygiene and diet.

Intraosseous Benign Lesions of the Jaws: A Radiographic Study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Javadian Langaroodi, Adineh; Lari, Sima Sadat; Shokri, Abbas; Hoseini Zarch, Seyed Hossein; Jamshidi, Shokofeh; Akbari, Peyman

2014-01-01

Benign maxillo-mandibular tumors and cysts, which are relatively common findings on radiographs, namely the ubiquitous panoramic view, have to be dealt with by dentists on a daily basis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the panoramic radiographic findings pertaining to benign and tumoral lesions in the maxilla and mandible. Applying a case series method, panoramic images of 61 patients with cysts, benign tumors and tumor-like lesions in the jaws who were referred to Hamedan dental school between 2009 and 2011 were evaluated by two radiologists. They were both blind to histopathological results as well as the objectives of our study. Lesions were assessed based on their location, periphery, internal structure and impaction on the surrounding structures. Then the obtained data were analyzed using descriptive tables. Cysts were mostly more common in men despite the equal propensity of both genders to benign tumors. In contrast, women showed a higher frequency of tumor-like lesions. The most common site of involvement was the posterior mandible, with peri-apical tooth lesions as the most prevalent dental association. Radiographically, what we most encountered was unilocular radiolucency pertaining to cysts and benign tumors; nevertheless, tumor-like lesions tended to present with a well-defined radiopacity. Despite its known shortcomings, like every other diagnostic tool, panoramic radiography can contribute to the early detection of maxillary/mandibular lesions that in turn enable the dentist to devise an appropriate treatment plan

Evaluating a Team-Based Learning Method for Detecting Dental Caries in Dental Students

Science.gov (United States)

Park, Sang E.; Kim, Junhyck; Anderson, Nina

2014-01-01

The purpose of the study was to investigate whether the team-based learning environment facilitated the competency of third year dental students in caries detection and activity assessment. Corresponding data were achieved using digital radiographs to determine the carious lesions in three clinical cases. The distribution of the caries evaluations…

Evaluación de las metodologías de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la bioética en las facultades de odontología brasileñas Evaluation of teaching-learning methods of bioethical on Brazilian dental schools

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C.A.S. Garbin

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: La bioética está presente en la odontología y en las otras áreas de la salud, tanto en las investigaciones científicas, que favorecen el progreso de la profesión, como en el propio tratamiento odontológico. Materiales y métodos: El estudio consiste en la evaluación de las metodologías de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la bioética en las facultades de odontología brasileñas. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante cuestionarios semiestructurados enviados por correo electrónico y por correo postal. Se empleó el análisis de contenido por la técnica de análisis de categorías, conforme a lo preconizado por Bardin. Resultados: Entre las 182 facultades de odontología activas en Brasil, apenas 57 (31,3% presentaban en su malla curricular la asignatura de bioética. Se observó que la asignatura se enseña generalmente de forma teórica (77,8%. Las principales formas de evaluación son: prueba escrita (100% y seminarios y/o trabajo en grupo (75%. Apenas el 6,4% de los profesores emplean referencias bibliográficas sobre bioética dirigidas específicamente a la odontología. La mayoría de los entrevistados (74,2% consideró que la bioética se relaciona de forma directa o indirecta con todas las otras asignaturas. Con respecto a la importancia de la bioética en la formación del cirujano dentista, el 64,7% apuntó a la relación profesional-paciente. Conclusión: La bioética presenta una metodología de enseñanza y prácticas de evaluación conservadoras, haciéndose necesarias otras metodologías dirigidas para la reflexión de los problemas actuales en el área de odontología, que contribuyen significativamente a la formación integral del cirujano dentista.Introduction: Bioethics is present in Dentistry and other health areas, as scientific research that results on profession progress, as in proper clinical attendance. The study consists on valuation of teaching-learning methods of Bioethical on Brazilian

Epidemiología de las lesiones por presión en los pacientes internados en el Hospital de Niños Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde desde el mes de enero del 2013 a junio del 2014.

OpenAIRE

Neira Morante, Martha Leticia

2015-01-01

Determinar la epidemiología de las lesiones por presión en los pacientes internados en el hospital de niños Dr. Roberto Gilbert E. desde enero de 2013 a junio de 2014. -Objetivos Específicos. ¿ Identificar la causa de las lesiones por presión ¿ Establecer la edad, sexo, tipo y ubicación de la lesión más frecuentes. ¿ Relacionar el estado nutricional de los pacientes y la aparición de lesiones por presión. ¿ Describir la respuesta al tratamiento empleado Método. Estudio pr...

Lesiones traumáticas de los anexos y del segmento anterior del ojo en los boxeadores Traumatic lesions of the adnexa and of the anterior segment of the eye in fighters

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Agustín Fernández Sánchez

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo con una muestra de 71 boxeadores a los cuales se les examinaron las estructuras de referencia mediante oftalmoscopia directa y biomicroscopia ocular, antes de las 6 horas posteriores al término de sus peleas; donde se obtuvo como resultado que los anexos afectados fueron los párpados con 5 hematomas, 4 edemas y 1 excoriación; y la conjuntiva con 4 hiperemias y 8 hemorragias. En el segmento anterior del ojo sólo se afectó la córnea con 13 lesiones en total, divididas en 10 excoriaciones superficiales y 3 profundas. Las lesiones traumáticas predominantes en los anexos del ojo son las de los párpados y las de la conjuntiva y las del segmento anterior del ojo, las de la córnea. El ojo más afectado fue el izquierdo y las lesiones más frecuentes fueron en las categorías de 13 y 14, 17 y 18 y 19 y 34 años las corneales, las conjuntivales y la de los párpados, respectivamente.A retrospective study was carried out with a sample of 71 fighters, whose reference structures were examined by direct ophthalmoscopy and ocular biomicroscopy within the 6 hours following their fights. As a result, it was observed that the affected adnexa were the eyelids with 5 hematomas, 4 edemas and 1 excoriation; and the conjunctiva with 4 hyperemias and 8 hemorrhages. In the anteriro segment, only the cornea was affected with 13 lesions in all, divided into 10 superficial and 3 deep excoriations.The traumatic lesions prevailing in the adnexa of the eye are those of the eyelids and the conjunctiva, whereas the predominating traumatic lesions of the anterior segment of the eye are those of the cornea. The left eye was the most affected and the most frequent lesions were in the categories 13 and 14, 17 and 18 and 19 and 34 years old in the cornea, the conjunctiva and the eyelids, respectively.

Managing Carious Lesions: Consensus Recommendations on Carious Tissue Removal.

Science.gov (United States)

Schwendicke, F; Frencken, J E; Bjørndal, L; Maltz, M; Manton, D J; Ricketts, D; Van Landuyt, K; Banerjee, A; Campus, G; Doméjean, S; Fontana, M; Leal, S; Lo, E; Machiulskiene, V; Schulte, A; Splieth, C; Zandona, A F; Innes, N P T

2016-05-01

The International Caries Consensus Collaboration undertook a consensus process and here presents clinical recommendations for carious tissue removal and managing cavitated carious lesions, including restoration, based on texture of demineralized dentine. Dentists should manage the disease dental caries and control activity of existing cavitated lesions to preserve hard tissues and retain teeth long-term. Entering the restorative cycle should be avoided as far as possible. Controlling the disease in cavitated carious lesions should be attempted using methods which are aimed at biofilm removal or control first. Only when cavitated carious lesions either are noncleansable or can no longer be sealed are restorative interventions indicated. When a restoration is indicated, the priorities are as follows: preserving healthy and remineralizable tissue, achieving a restorative seal, maintaining pulpal health, and maximizing restoration success. Carious tissue is removed purely to create conditions for long-lasting restorations. Bacterially contaminated or demineralized tissues close to the pulp do not need to be removed. In deeper lesions in teeth with sensible (vital) pulps, preserving pulpal health should be prioritized, while in shallow or moderately deep lesions, restoration longevity becomes more important. For teeth with shallow or moderately deep cavitated lesions, carious tissue removal is performed according toselective removal to firm dentine.In deep cavitated lesions in primary or permanent teeth,selective removal to soft dentineshould be performed, although in permanent teeth,stepwise removalis an option. The evidence and, therefore, these recommendations support less invasive carious lesion management, delaying entry to, and slowing down, the restorative cycle by preserving tooth tissue and retaining teeth long-term. © International & American Associations for Dental Research 2016.

Lesiones acumulativas por microtraumatismos de repetición en el ballet

OpenAIRE

Sobrino Serrano, Francisco José

2016-01-01

Las lesiones acumulativas por microtraumatismos de repetición, son las más frecuentes en la práctica de actividades atléticas como el ballet, que requieren una técnica precisa y numerosas repeticones de gestos técnicos específicos para adquirir destreza suficiente en su ejecución, existiendo diferencias en función de la disciplina, sexo, edad y/o experiencia profesional. En este estudio se analizan las lesiones presentadas por 145 bailarines profesionales de las principales compañías españ...

Infant motivation in dental health: attitude without constant reinforcement.

Science.gov (United States)

Teixeira Alves, Fabiana Bucholdz; Kuhn, Eunice; Bordin, Danielle; Kozlowski, Vitoldo Antonio; Raggio, Daniela Procida; Fadel, Cristina Berger

2014-01-01

Social factors determine the child's behavior and motivation is an important task in the teaching-learning process. This longitudinal and cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of a motivational activity program for oral hygiene habits formation after motivation and without constant reinforcement. The sample was constituted of 26 children (mean 6 years old) from a Public Kindergarten School in Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil. Data were collected applying a test-chart, with figures reporting the process of dental health/illness. Some figures were considered positive to dental health (dentist/Cod 1, toothbrush/Cod 3, dentifrice/dental floss/Cod 6, fruits/vegetables/Cod 7 and tooth without caries lesion/Cod 8) and negative on dental health (sweets/Cod 2, bacteria/Cod 4, tooth with caries lesion/Cod 5). The figures presentation occurred in three different stages: First stage - figures were presented to children without previous knowledge; second stage - following the motivational presentation, and third stage - 30 days after the first contact. On the first stage, most children select good for the figures considered harmful to their teeth (Cod 2-88%; Cod 4-77% and Cod 5-65%). On the second stage, there was a lower percentage: 23% (P dental care.

Dental calculus detection using the VistaCam.

Science.gov (United States)

Shakibaie, Fardad; Walsh, Laurence J

2016-12-01

The VistaCam® intra-oral camera system (Dürr Dental, Bietigheim-Bissingen, Germany) is a fluorescence system using light emitting diodes that produce a 405-nm violet light. This wavelength has potential application for detection of dental calculus based on red emissions from porphyrin molecules. This study assessed the digital scores obtained for both supragingival and subgingival calculus on 60 extracted teeth and compared these with lesions of dental caries. It has also examined the effect of saliva and blood on the fluorescence readings for dental calculus. VistaCam fluorescence scores for both supragingival (1.7-3.3) and subgingival calculus (1.3-2.4) were higher than those for sound root surfaces (0.9-1.1) and dental caries (0.9-2.2) ( p  calculus samples were not affected by the presence of saliva or blood. These results suggest that the use of violet light fluorescence could be a possible adjunct to clinical examination for deposits of dental calculus.

Inequality in dental caries distribution at noncavitated and cavitated thresholds in preschool children.

Science.gov (United States)

Piovesan, Chaiana; Tomazoni, Fernanda; Del Fabro, Joana; Buzzati, Bruna Cássia Schmidt; Mendes, Fausto Medeiros; Antunes, José Leopoldo Ferreira; Ardenghi, Thiago Machado

2014-01-01

To evaluate the inequality in dental caries distribution according to different thresholds assessed using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) and to investigate the associations of socioeconomic factors with caries lesions at both noncavitated and cavitated thresholds. Study subjects were recruited in Santa Maria, Brazil, during the National Day of Children's Vaccination, and 639 children aged 12-59 months were included. Fifteen calibrated examiners performed the examinations using ICDAS criteria. Inequality in dental caries distribution was measured using the Gini coefficient, and the Significant Caries Index was calculated for several thresholds of ICDAS. Poisson regression analysis was used to assess the associations of socioeconomic factors with the highest caries scores. The inequality in the distribution of dental caries was lower when precavitated caries were included; the Gini coefficient decreased from 0.77 to 0.60 when noncavitated caries lesions were included in the analyses. Moreover, the inequalities were higher in the younger than in the older children for all thresholds. Socioeconomic factors were significantly (P < 0.001) associated with caries when an ICDAS score of 3 was considered as the cut-off point. Children whose mothers did not complete primary education (P < 0.001) and those with low household income (P < 0.001) were more likely to have increased dental caries. Caries lesions were more equally distributed when noncavitated lesions were included in the dental survey. Socioeconomic factors are found to be associated with the inequalities in caries distribution in this age group. © 2013 American Association of Public Health Dentistry.

La Vía Posterior en el Tratamiento de las Lesiones del Recto

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Rey León

1990-12-01

Full Text Available

En este trabajo presentamos la experiencia con 22 pacientes tratados en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, desde 1969 a 1987. Incluye 11 hombres e igual número de mujeres, cuyas edades oscilaron entre 23 y 80 años. Las indicaciones para la cirugía fueron: adenoma velloso en 13 pacientes, adenocarcinoma del recto en 3; fístula rectovaginal en 1; fístula rectovesical en 1; fístula post-resección anterior del recto en 1; estenosis rectal en 1; cirugía de rescate por recidiva tumoral en el recto en l y en 1 más, para diagnóstico y tratamiento, por lesión rectal sospechosa de malignidad no diagnosticada por las biopsias previas.

En todos los pacientes se practicó el acceso posterior al recto, en 20 de ellos mediante la técnica trans-sacra de Kraske y en 2 con el procedimiento transesfinteriano de Mason.

Seis pacientes presentaron complicaciones después del tratamiento quirúrgico. De los 4 pacientes con fístulas, 3 fueron tratados mediante colostomía. Uno de ellos con un prolapso rectal trans-sacro corregido quirúrgicamente sin complicaciones posteriores.

Dos pacientes con infección de la herida quirúrgica fueron tratados localmente. No hubo problemas de incontinencia ni de estenosis. Ningún paciente murió como complicación del procedimiento.

El 33% de los adenomas vellosos tratados mediante esta vía de acceso recidivó, lo que requirió una o más escisiones y esta recidiva se encontró en los tumores mayores de 5 cm de diámetro.

Las resecciones posteriores no son el tratamiento de elección en el cáncer rectal avanzado, pero sí es un procedimiento seguro y efectivo para varias condiciones benignas y malignas seleccionadas.

La resección trans-sacra de Kraske y la transesfinteriana de York-Mason son dos procedimientos que facilitan el acceso al recto, mantienen la función del esfínter y permiten extirpar lesiones ano-rectales, evitando la laparotomía...

Saving Single-rooted Teeth with Combined Endodontic-periodontal Lesions.

Science.gov (United States)

Pico-Blanco, Alexandre; Castelo-Baz, Pablo; Caneiro-Queija, Leticia; Liñares-González, Antonio; Martin-Lancharro, Pablo; Blanco-Carrión, Juan

2016-12-01

Teeth affected by combined endodontic-periodontal lesions are usually considered by all prognosis classifications as hopeless teeth. The development of new biomaterials combined with modern endodontic and periodontal regeneration techniques may improve dental prognosis and maintain the affected teeth. Moreover, 1 of the replacement options for those teeth, dental implants, has shown an increasing number of biological and technical complications. Five patients were included in this case series study. Full periodontal and radiographic examination revealed generalized chronic periodontitis. Moreover, endodontic-periodontal lesions affecting single-rooted teeth were detected in those patients with tissue destruction beyond the apex. After splinting those teeth, conventional endodontic and nonsurgical periodontal treatment was performed. Three months later, periodontal regeneration was applied at those teeth in order to reconstruct supporting tissues and to improve dental prognosis. After a follow-up period ranging from 14 months to 17 years, it was observed that all teeth remain asymptomatic and in normal function. No signs of apical pathosis were observed, and the periodontium was stable. All patients were included in a strict maintenance program to check the periodontal and apical status. This case series shows that it is possible to change the prognosis of teeth affected by combined endodontic-periodontal lesions, even if the periodontal support is destroyed beyond the apex. Copyright © 2016 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Wavelet based Image Registration Technique for Matching Dental x-rays

OpenAIRE

P. Ramprasad; H. C. Nagaraj; M. K. Parasuram

2008-01-01

Image registration plays an important role in the diagnosis of dental pathologies such as dental caries, alveolar bone loss and periapical lesions etc. This paper presents a new wavelet based algorithm for registering noisy and poor contrast dental x-rays. Proposed algorithm has two stages. First stage is a preprocessing stage, removes the noise from the x-ray images. Gaussian filter has been used. Second stage is a geometric transformation stage. Proposed work uses two l...

Características generales de la fluorosis dental

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Josefa Calderón Betancourt

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, utilizando los recursos disponibles desde la red infomed, con el objetivo de describir las características generales de la fluorosis dental. Esta es la hipomineralización del esmalte dental y tiene tres formas de presentación: leve, moderada y severa. Su cuadro clínico esta dado principalmente por manchas blanquecinas que cubre una mínima superficie del diente, hasta manchas de color café oscuro y su complicación más temida es la fractura que causa una agresiva y acentuada pérdida de la estructura dentaria. Es causada por el acumulo excesivo de flúor en el diente. Su prevención está encaminada a la administración de flúor sistémico en las diferentes edades y entre las recomendaciones para evitarla se encuentra: usar en lo posible agua con el nivel adecuado de flúor, utilizar pastas de dientes con los contenidos óptimos de flúor, excepto en las zonas con aguas fluoradas y no aplicar las lacas fluoradas a estos niños

Dental imaging using laminar optical tomography and micro CT

Science.gov (United States)

Long, Feixiao; Ozturk, Mehmet S.; Intes, Xavier; Kotha, Shiva

2014-02-01

Dental lesions located in the pulp are quite difficult to identify based on anatomical contrast, and, hence, to diagnose using traditional imaging methods such as dental CT. However, such lesions could lead to functional and/or molecular optical contrast. Herein, we report on the preliminary investigation of using Laminar Optical Tomography (LOT) to image the pulp and root canals in teeth. LOT is a non-contact, high resolution, molecular and functional mesoscopic optical imaging modality. To investigate the potential of LOT for dental imaging, we injected an optical dye into ex vivo teeth samples and imaged them using LOT and micro-CT simultaneously. A rigid image registration between the LOT and micro-CT reconstruction was obtained, validating the potential of LOT to image molecular optical contrast deep in the teeth with accuracy, non-invasively. We demonstrate that LOT can retrieve the 3D bio-distribution of molecular probes at depths up to 2mm with a resolution of several hundred microns in teeth.

Enamel lesions in development, classification in Costa Rican families

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murillo Knudsen, Gina; Berrocal Salazar, Cristina

2013-01-01

Enamel lesions in development were identified and classified in patients of Llano Grande de Cartago, examined at the Facultad de Odontologia of the Universidad de Costa Rica. A guide is provided over the topic. 15 children and 2 Costa Rican adults were selected. Clinical examinations, radiographs and clinical photographs were used as data collection method. Dental defects of the enamel were classified according to the possible genetic causes and without genetic causes. Imperfect Amelogenesis (IA) was diagnosed in 10 of patients. Hypoplastic IA was determined in 3 siblings with autosomal recessive inheritance, for 16% of the total sample. Hypomineralized IA was identified in an adult and two of his sons, with autosomal dominant inheritance. The remaining 4 cases of IA have been sporadic. Lesions of dental fluorosis were determined in the Horowitz index in 4 individuals, from 2 unrelated families. Other defects unspecified of the enamel or hypoplasias were found in 3 individuals. Enamel lesions in development should be classified with precision, for the purpose to inform to patients affected about their condition, origin, prognosis and appropriate treatment. The basis are established to implement reliability in the construction of family genealogy, identification and classification of enamel lesions, as well as the probabilities of future generations to express the lesions in the enamel of temporary or permanent dentition [es

Traumatismo dental en bebés

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Antonio Jose da Silva Nogueira

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Las ocurrencias traumáticas pueden traer consecuencias desagradables tanto en lo físico como en lo estético, como en el aspecto psicológico. Los traumas sufridos por bebés traen situaciones casi irreparables en el momento, tales como las limitaciones inherentes a la edad del paciente cuando aún es bebé. Las soluciones protésicas, por ejemplo, son casi siempre descartadas porque la edad del paciente es incompatible con el uso de una prótesis. Así, como ésta, también ocurren muchas otras situaciones, limitando un tratamiento inmediato y representando para el paciente un problema a ser resuelto. Por lo tanto, en el trabajo se hace una revisión de la bibliografía que aborda el traumatismo dental en bebés y comentarios sobre los exámenes a realizar, siempre considerando la edad, crecimiento y desarrollo, además de relatar las consecuencias de esos traumatismos en esta franja etaria inicial de vida como resultado. Finalmente, trata de alertar a los responsables de los niños de los cuidados de emergencia que se deben tener en algunas ocurrencias de traumatismos dentales en bebés.

Lesiones por accidente de trabajo en España: comparación entre las comunidades autónomas en los años 1989, 1993 y 2000

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando G. Benavides

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: A pesar de que en España la incidencia de lesiones por accidentes de trabajo (LAT es una de las más elevadas de la Unión Europea, la investigación sobre este problema sanitario ha sido escasa. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la incidencia de LAT mortales y no mortales por comunidades autónomas (CCAA en 1989, 1993 y 2000. Métodos: Los datos de las LAT se obtuvieron del Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales y los denominadores del Instituto Nacional de Estadística. La incidencia se ha calculado para LAT mortales y no mortales, ajustando separadamente por sexo, edad, actividad económica y tipo de contrato. Para cada CCAA se calculó el riesgo relativo (RR ajustado por actividad económica y tipo de contrato, tomando como referencia la media española. Resultados: Cataluña y Baleares presentaron los RR de LAT no mortales más elevados. Respecto a las LAT mortales, fueron Asturias y País Vasco donde el RR fue más alto. Madrid y Cataluña, por el contrario, presentó el RR más bajo en lesiones mortales. Conclusiones: El exceso de riesgo de LAT encontrados en algunas CCAA puede ser explicado, una vez descartadas parcialmente las diferencias en las actividades económicas y el tipo de contrato, en términos bien de diferencias en la notificación de la LAT y/o de la población en riesgo, o bien, hipótesis más plausible, en términos de diferencias en las condiciones de trabajo de las empresas de estas CCAA. Es necesario seguir estudiando con más detalle estas diferencias.

An unusual case of non-syndromic occurrence of multiple dental anomalies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Suprabha B

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Dental anomalies have been known to occur in humans due to a variety of genetic and environmental factors. Combinations of dental anomalies are known to be associated with specific syndromes. A few cases of multiple dental anomalies have been reported in patients with no generalized abnormalities. This case report describes an unusual occurrence of a combination of dental anomalies in an apparently normal healthy 12-year-old female patient. The dental anomalies in this patient were multiple dens invaginatus, generalized enamel hypoplasia, generalized microdontia, root resorption and multiple periapical lesions, shovel shaped incisors, cup shaped premolars, taurodontism, hypodontia and supernumerary teeth.

Dental and oropharyngeal lesions in rats with chronic acid reflux esophagitis.

Science.gov (United States)

Shimazu, Rintaro; Yamamoto, Mihoko; Minesaki, Akimichi; Kuratomi, Yuichiro

2018-06-01

In this study, we evaluated pathological changes in the tooth and pharynx of GERD rats to elucidate the association between gastric acid reflux and oral and pharyngeal diseases. An experimental rat model of chronic acid reflux esophagitis was surgically created. The oral cavities were observed histologically every 2 weeks until 20 weeks after surgery. At 10 weeks after surgery, molar crown heights in GERD rats were shorter than that in control rats, and inflammatory cell infiltration by gastric acid reflux was found in the periodontal mucosa of GERD rats. Furthermore, dental erosion progressed in GERD rats at 20 weeks after surgery, and enamel erosion and dentin exposure were observed. During the same period, inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the mucosa of the posterior part of the tongue. These findings suggest that gastric acid reflux may be one of the exacerbating factors of dental erosion, periodontitis and glossitis. We investigated oral changes in an experimental rat model of GERD and observed development of dental erosion, periodontitis and glossitis. Our findings suggested chronic gastric acid reflux may be involved in the pathogenesis of oral disease. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Managing Carious Lesions: Consensus Recommendations on Carious Tissue Removal

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schwendicke, F.; Frencken, J.E.; Bjorndal, L.; Maltz, M.; Manton, D.J.; Ricketts, D.; Van Landuyt, K.; Banerjee, A.; Campus, G.; Domejean, S.; Fontana, M.; Leal, S.; Lo, E.; Machiulskiene, V.; Schulte, A.; Splieth, C.; Zandona, A.F.; Innes, N.P.

2016-01-01

The International Caries Consensus Collaboration undertook a consensus process and here presents clinical recommendations for carious tissue removal and managing cavitated carious lesions, including restoration, based on texture of demineralized dentine. Dentists should manage the disease dental

Proteja a sus seres queridos de las quemaduras

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

Este podcast, que forma parte de la iniciativa Proteja a sus seres queridos, aborda las medidas que pueden tomar los padres para ayudar a proteger a sus niños de las quemaduras, una de las principales causas de lesiones infantiles.

DESCRIPTION OF DENTAL CARIES AND EFFECTS OF FOODS ON TOOTH DESTRUCTION IN SKULLS OF PAWON MAN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Amalina Ahmad

2017-11-01

Full Text Available The skeleton of Pawon Man’s that lived in Mesolitic era aged 5,660±170 BP - 9,500± 200 BP (Before Present years before Christ (BC has been used for forensic odontology research.  However, there has not been any research on dental caries of Pawon Man. The aim of this research was to describe the dental caries in skulls of Pawon Man. The type of the research was descriptive by using purposive sampling. The samples were from four Pawon Man skulls and their teeth. The research was conducted by using clinical examination. All aspects were recorded, collected and presented in tabular form. The result shows that 12.5% of the samples from 32 teeth of skulls of Pawon Man I, III, IV and V had experienced dental caries. Clinical examination shows presence of dental caries in samples of Pawon Man III of  permanent mandibular third molar tooth of region 4(48 in lingual area and buccal lesion of lower left third molar (38. In Pawon IV, lingual lesion of lower left permanent second molar (37 and in lower left permanent third molar (38. All lesions are only in enamel which is code 1 according to ICDAS code. In conclusion, the dental caries in skulls of Pawon Man was low due to their low sugar diets from fruits and sugar-rich plants (fructose sugars. Consumption of hard foods and evidence of presence of animal teeth and mollusks had contributed to the higher percentage of dental attrition compared to dental caries.   Keywords: dental caries, clinical, pawon man

Dermatologic and dental aspects of the 2012 International Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Consensus Statements.

Science.gov (United States)

Teng, Joyce M C; Cowen, Edward W; Wataya-Kaneda, Mari; Gosnell, Elizabeth S; Witman, Patricia M; Hebert, Adelaide A; Mlynarczyk, Greg; Soltani, Keyoumars; Darling, Thomas N

2014-10-01

The 2012 International Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Clinical Consensus Conference was convened to update the last consensus statement in 1998. Skin and dental lesions are common in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and are a frequent concern for patients. Recognition of these lesions is imperative for early diagnosis, given the treatment advances that may improve patient outcomes. To detail recommendations for the diagnosis, surveillance, and management of skin and dental lesions in TSC. The TSC Dermatology and Dentistry Subcommittee, 1 of 12 subcommittees, reviewed the relevant literature from 1997 to 2012. A consensus on skin and dental issues was achieved within the Dermatology and Dentistry Subcommittee before recommendations were presented, discussed, and agreed on in a group meeting of all subcommittees from June 14 to 15, 2012. Skin and dental findings comprise 4 of 11 major features and 3 of 6 minor features in the diagnostic criteria. A definite diagnosis of TSC is defined as the presence of at least 2 major features or 1 major and 2 or more minor features; in addition, a pathological mutation in TSC1 or TSC2 is diagnostic. Skin and oral examinations should be performed annually and every 3 to 6 months, respectively. Intervention may be indicated for TSC skin or oral lesions that are bleeding, symptomatic, disfiguring, or negatively affecting function. Options presented include surgical excision, laser(s), or use of a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor.

Characterization of enamel caries lesions in rat molars using synchrotron X-ray microtomography

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Free, R.D.; DeRocher, K.; Stock, S.R.; Keane, D.; Scott-Anne, K.; Bowen, W.H.; Joester, D. (Rochester); (NWU)

2017-08-18

Dental caries is a ubiquitous infectious disease with a nearly 100% lifetime prevalence. Rodent caries models are widely used to investigate the etiology, progression and potential prevention or treatment of the disease. To explore the suitability of these models for deeper investigations of intact surface zones during enamel caries, the structures of early-stage carious lesions in rats were characterized and compared with previous reports on white spot enamel lesions in humans. Synchrotron X-ray microcomputed tomography non-destructively mapped demineralization in carious rat molar specimens across a range of caries severity, identifying 52 lesions across the 30 teeth imaged. Of these lesions, 13 were shown to have intact surface zones. Depth profiles of fractional mineral density were qualitatively similar to lesions in human teeth. However, the thickness of the surface zone in the rat model ranges from 10 to 58 µm, and is therefore significantly thinner than in human enamel. These results indicate that a fraction of lesions in rat caries possess an intact surface zone and are qualitatively similar to human lesions at the micrometer scale. This suggests that rat caries models may be a suitable analog through which to investigate the structure of surface zone enamel and its role during dental caries.

Caries y pérdida dental en estudiantes preuniversitarios mexicanos Dental decay and tooth loss at the high school level in Mexican students

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Javier de la Fuente-Hernández

2008-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Conocer la prevalencia de caries y pérdida dental para calcular las necesidades terapéuticas en estudiantes de educación media superior que ingresan a la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio transversal descriptivo en el que se obtuvo una muestra de 77 191 estudiantes correspondientes a las generaciones de ingreso al bachillerato 2003, 2004 y 2005. Los datos de salud bucal se obtuvieron a partir del índice CPOD incluido en el Examen Médico Automatizado (EMA, instrumento de autorrespuesta estandarizado que aplica la Dirección General de Servicios Médicos (DGSM. El análisis del EMA fue univariado con la finalidad de identificar la distribución y la frecuencia de las variables. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de caries y pérdida dental fue de 48.0 y 34.2%, respectivamente, con una cuantificación del índice CPOD de 5. Las necesidades de tratamiento para caries y pérdida dental se obtuvieron en al menos un diente por estudiante. CONCLUSIONES: Cerca de la mitad de los alumnos que ingresan al bachillerato de la UNAM requiere al menos la atención de una caries o prótesis dental. Lo anterior evidencia que las políticas en salud bucal instrumentadas no han alcanzado los índices en salud esperados en relación con los objetivos internacionales, así como la necesidad de impulsar nuevas líneas de investigación orientadas a identificar la gravedad de la enfermedad y factores vinculados con el deterioro de la salud bucal.OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of dental decay and tooth loss, and to consider the treatment needs for students at the Mexican National Autonomous University (UNAM. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross sectional study was designed including 77 191 students corresponding to the years of entrance to high school 2003, 2004 and 2005. Oral health data were obtained from the DMF-T index included in the Automatized Medical Exam (AME, a student self-answer instrument

Influencia de las alteraciones estéticas buco-dentales sobre la autoimagen y sociabilización en adolescentes entre 12-17 años

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paola Naranjo

2015-12-01

Full Text Available El impacto que causan las patologías bucales sobre la estética facial ha sido motivo de numerosos estudios, llegando a deducir que la apariencia física es un factor trascendental a la hora de entablar relaciones sociales o simplemente para realizar una autocrítica y que la odontología estaría implicada en brindar soluciones a estos problemas. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo principal el estudio de la influencia de las alteraciones estéticas buco-dentales sobre la autoimagen y la sociabilización en los adolescentes de edades comprendidas entre 12 y 17 años pertenecientes al Instituto Tecnológico Andrés F. Córdova. Se llevó a cabo un estudio analítico, descriptivo, observacional y transversal en el cual se examinaron clínicamente a los participantes y únicamente se seleccionaron a aquellos que presentaron alteraciones patológicas buco-dentales que afectaran su estética facial, los cuales fueron 161 y posteriormente se pidió a cada uno de ellos contestar una encuesta de 15 ítems donde se valora la presencia de problemas de autocrítica o sociabilización y cuáles son sus acciones, sentimientos, manifestaciones y expectativas acerca de su problema. El estudio evidenció que los jóvenes experimentaron un impacto negativo sobre su imagen personal que influye en el desarrollo de problemas de autopercepción. Por otro lado los participantes fueron menos críticos en la evaluación de su aspecto estético en relación a lo social, ya que no hacían alusión la influencia de la afección estética buco-dental sobre la socialización.

Emerging technologies for diagnosis of dental caries: The road so far

Science.gov (United States)

Amaechi, Bennett T.

2009-05-01

It is now universally recognized that the development of new technologies for early detection and quantitative monitoring of dental decay at an early stage of formation could provide health and economic benefits ranging from timely preventive interventions to reduction in the time required for clinical trials of anticaries agents. The use of technologies as adjunct to clinical visual examination for caries diagnosis will facilitate preventive care in dentistry to lower treatment cost as well as reduce the cost and time for testing potential anticaries agents. This article describes the various technologies available to aid the dental practitioners in detecting dental caries at the earliest stage of its formation, assessing the activities of the detected carious lesion, and quantitatively or qualitatively monitoring of the lesion over time. The need and the importance of these technologies were also discussed. The data discussed are primarily based on published scientific studies and reviews from case reports, clinical trials, and in vitro and in vivo studies. References have been traced manually by MEDLINE® or through manufacturer's websites. While some of the devices are fully developed and commercially available, others are still under development. The devices vary in their modes of action as well as their capability as caries diagnostic aids. It is clear that the differences in caries presentations and behavior in different anatomical sites make it unlikely that any one diagnostic modality will have adequate sensitivity and specificity of detection of carious lesions for all sites; a combination of diagnostic tools will help us diagnose lesions earlier and detect failing restorations sooner, all to avoid more costly, destructive dental procedures and truly take dentistry into the preventive rather than the reactive mode.

Caries dental en escolares del Distrito Federal Dental caries in school children in Mexico City

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

MARÍA ESTHER IRIGOYEN-CAMACHO

1997-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Presentar las estimaciones de la prevalencia y la severidad de caries dental, así como las necesidades de tratamiento de la población escolar del Distrito Federal examinada en la encuesta de caries dental que se llevó a cabo en 1988 con la finalidad de obtener datos basales sobre caries en los escolares al inicio del Programa Nacional de Fluoruración de la Sal en México. Material y métodos. La población de estudio fue seleccionada empleando un marco muestral basado en el listado de las escuelas primarias y los jardines de niños registrados por la Secretaría de Educación Pública en 1988. En el examen de la cavidad bucal de los escolares se utilizaron los criterios diagnósticos señalados por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Resultados. Un total de 4 475 escolares de 5 a 12 años de edad participaron en el estudio. La prevalencia de caries dental en la población alcanzó 90.5%. El índice de necesidades de tratamiento fue elevado (79.6%. El promedio de los índices de caries en los escolares de 12 años de edad fue CPOD= 4.42 (desviación estándar –DE– 3.2 y CPOS= 6.53 (DE 4.8. Conclusiones. Los resultados de la encuesta subrayan la pertinencia de un programa preventivo de amplia cobertura, como el de fluoruración de la sal. Además, muestran que se requiere elaborar estrategias para mejorar el acceso de la población escolar a los servicios odontológicos del sistema de salud en México.Objective. To estimate the prevalence and severity of dental caries and the dental treatment necessities of school children in Mexico City. The studied population was surveyed for dental caries in 1988 to obtain data necessary for the National Program of Salt Fluoridation in Mexico. Material and methods. The population was selected with a sample frame based on a list of Kindergardens and primary schools registered at the Ministry of Public Education in 1988. The oral cavity examination was based on diagnostic criteria marked by the

Socio-behavioral factors influence prevalence and severity of dental caries in children with primary dentition.

Science.gov (United States)

Borges, Heloisa Carvalho; Garbín, Cléa Adas Saliba; Saliba, Orlando; Saliba, Nemre Adas; Moimaz, Suzely Adas Saliba

2012-01-01

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of socio-behavioral variables on the prevalence and severity of dental caries in 4- to 6-year-old children. A cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 1993 children enrolled in 58 public preschools from Araçatuba City, São Paulo State, Brazil, during 2010. The exams were made using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (World Health Organization methodology) and detection criteria for non-cavitated lesions. A tested, self-administered questionnaire was sent to parents to obtain information about their socio-behavioral characteristics. Standardization was performed to verify concordance among examiners (kappa = 0.84). The prevalence of cavitated caries lesions was 41.2% (821), and the prevalence of both, cavitated and non-cavitated caries lesions, was 43.9% (875). The means ± standard deviations of the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index for children aged 4, 5, and 6 years were 1.18 ± 2.45, 1.65 ± 2.67, and 1.73 ± 2.77, respectively. Caries were significantly more prevalent in children from families with low incomes and low educational levels. The presence of dental caries was associated with access to dental services (p dental caries lesions, and the frequency of oral hygiene were statistically significant. The prevalence of dental caries in preschoolers was strongly associated with factors related to the children's parents. Therefore, information about parents' socio-economic status, behaviors, and attitudes in relation to oral health should be considered when planning prevention and educational programs for the oral health of preschool children.

DENTAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR LEUKEMIC PEDIATRIC PATIENTS: AN UPDATED REVIEW FOR GENERAL DENTAL PRACTITIONER.

Science.gov (United States)

Lowal, Kholoud A; Alaizari, Nader Ahmed; Tarakji, Bassel; Petro, Waleed; Hussain, Khaja Amjad; Altamimi, Mohamed Abdullah Alsakran

2015-10-01

The early signs of leukemia can usually manifest in the oral cavity due to infiltration of leukemic cells or due to associated decline in normal marrow elements, especially in the acute phase of leukemia, as common lesions at this stage of the disease can be screened and diagnosed by the dentist. Therefore, the dental community should be aware of the oral manifestations of leukemia and oral complications of anticancer treatment. This can eliminate the oral symptoms of the disease and to improve quality of life for these patients. An extensive search in PubMed line using a combination of terms like "leukemia, children, dental, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, pediatric" for last ten years was made. Reviews and case reports concerned about acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children were all collected and analyzed and data were extracted. Accordingly, the aim of this review is to highlight on the oral presentations of leukemia in children attending dental clinics and the management of its undesirable side effects.

Lesiones torácicas graves y el enfoque del control de daños Severe thoracic lesions and the damage control approach

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mario Miguel Morales Wong

2008-03-01

Full Text Available En los últimos años se han desarrollado nuevas estrategias para el tratamiento del trauma grave con lesiones exanguinantes o sin ellas, pero son estas últimas las que más requieren un cambio de la forma de actuar en aras de mejorar la supervivencia. Tales estrategias quirúrgicas se han denominado cirugía de control de daños, que en esencia evita complicaciones como la tríada letal de acidosis, hipotermia y coagulopatía. A diferencia del control de daños en el abdomen, existen lesiones torácicas que requieren una reparación inicial durante el acto quirúrgico, pero pueden hallarse otras cuya reparación puede ser secundaria. El método de control de daños en las lesiones torácicas debe llevarse a cabo con procedimientos que sean técnicamente rápidos y simples, para postergar el tratamiento definitivo de las lesiones que no requieran una reparación inmediata en pacientes in extremisNew strategies have been developed in the last years to treat severe trauma with exsanguinating lesions or without them. The latter demand more changes in the way of acting in order to improve survival. Such surgical strategies have been called damage control surgery that in essence prevent complications such as the lethal triad of acidosis, hypothermia and coagulopathy. Unlike the control of abdomen damage, there are thoracic lesions requiring an initial repair during surgery, but there may be found others, whose repair is secondary. The damage control method in the thoracic lesions should be conducted with technically fast and simple procedures to postpone the definitive treatment of the lesions that do not require an immediate repair in patients in extremis

Detection of early carious lesions using contrast enhancement with coherent light scattering (speckle imaging)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deana, A M; Jesus, S H C; Koshoji, N H; Bussadori, S K; Oliveira, M T

2013-01-01

Currently, dental caries still represent one of the chronic diseases with the highest prevalence and present in most countries. The interaction between light and teeth (absorption, scattering and fluorescence) is intrinsically connected to the constitution of the dental tissue. Decay induced mineral loss introduces a shift in the optical properties of the affected tissue; therefore, study of these properties may produce novel techniques aimed at the early diagnosis of carious lesions. Based on the optical properties of the enamel, we demonstrate the application of first-order spatial statistics in laser speckle imaging, allowing the detection of carious lesions in their early stages. A highlight of this noninvasive, non-destructive, real time and cost effective approach is that it allows a dentist to detect a lesion even in the absence of biofilm or moisture. (paper)

Diabetes enhances dental caries and apical periodontitis in caries-susceptible WBN/KobSlc rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Kodama, Yasushi; Matsuura, Masahiro; Sano, Tomoya; Nakahara, Yutaka; Ozaki, Kiyokazu; Narama, Isao; Matsuura, Tetsuro

2011-02-01

Many epidemiologic studies have suggested that diabetes may be an important risk factor for periodontal disease. To determine whether diabetes induces or enhances periodontal disease or dental caries, dental tissue from diabetic male and nondiabetic female WBN/KobSlc rats and male and female age-matched nondiabetic F344 rats was analyzed morphologically and morphometrically for these 2 types of lesions. Soft X-ray examination revealed that the incidence and severity of both molar caries and alveolar bone resorption were much higher in male WBN/KobSlc rats with chronic diabetes than in nondiabetic female rats of the same strain. Histopathologic examination showed that dental caries progressed from acute to subacute inflammation due to bacterial infections and necrosis in the pulp when the caries penetrated the dentin. In the most advanced stage of dental caries, inflammatory changes caused root abscess and subsequent apical periodontitis, with the formation of granulation tissue around the dental root. Inflammatory changes resulted in resorption of alveolar bone and correlated well with the severity of molar caries. Our results suggest that diabetic conditions enhance dental caries in WBN/KobSlc rats and that periodontal lesions may result from the apical periodontitis that is secondary to dental caries.

La ciclooxigenasa-2 (COX-2) y el factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EFG) en lesiones epiteliales orales premalignas

OpenAIRE

Díaz Prado, S.; Gallego Guadalupe, A.; López-Cedrún, J.L.; Ferreras Granado, J.; Antón Aparicio, L.

2009-01-01

Las lesiones premalignas orales incluyen eritroplasias (manchas rojas) y leucoplasias (manchas blancas), las cuales se desarrollan a lo largo de superficies epiteliales. Estas lesiones son considerados marcadores en la "carcinogénesis de campo" ya que pacientes con lesiones premalignas orales pueden desarrollar carcinoma de células escamosas (CCS) en el sitio de las lesiones, así como en otros lugares de tracto aerodigestivo superior. Se está haciendo un gran esfuerzo para identificar nuevos ...

Profile of Dental Caries in Teenagers in Mumbai City Visiting Nair Hospital Dental College.

Science.gov (United States)

Banga, Kulvinder Singh; Rastogi, Sweta; Mistry, Siddhi

2018-01-01

Witnessing the alarming rise and pattern of distribution of dental caries worldwide, the need of the hour is to take initiative in preventing the spread further. This survey was conducted to determine the occurrence of dental caries and its associated risk factors in teenagers of Mumbai city who visited Nair Hospital Dental College. The objective of the study was to analyze the current dietary habits, oral hygiene status, and the number of sugar exposures in teenagers by a questionnaire followed by clinical examination which was carried out using International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) II to detect the profile of dental caries. The data obtained from the questionnaire and examination were analyzed using Chi-square test. The survey showed that, out of the 300 teenagers examined, 67% visited the dentist only when they were symptomatic. Around 60% consumed sweets 2-3 times/day. A major percentage, 89%, consumed sweets irrespective of meal time and 52% consumed aerated drinks often. Only 16% used appropriate brushing techniques and 93% were not aware if their toothpaste was fluoridated. ICDAS II revealed that a total number of teeth requiring preventive treatment ranged from 8.3% to 14% and total number of teeth requiring definitive treatment ranged from 36% to 48%. It was found that tooth most commonly treated was 36 followed by tooth number 46 showing that the incidence of caries is higher in lower arch. Most of the teenagers had a high rate of sweet consumption in between meals and poor knowledge of brushing techniques, fluoridated toothpaste, interdental aids, and mouthrinses. ICDAS showed a high incidence of caries in teenagers, especially in the lower arch. ICDAS II showed good accuracy in differentiating between noncavitated and cavitated lesions which helps to provide an accurate treatment plan for teenagers so that it prevents the progression of the lesion.

Panographic Survey of U. S. Army Recruits: Analysis of Dental Health Status.

Science.gov (United States)

1981-09-16

pathoses which may not be evident on a routine periapical survey.3-6 The advantages of panoramic radiography make it particularly attractive for mass...perlapical radiolucencles. Radiolucent lesions, other than periapical or anatomical, were recorded separately. Folli- cular enlargements (over 3 m) surrounding...retention cysts . RESULTS Table I summarizes the findings. Dental Caries. A 58 percent incidence of carious lesions was noted overall. Many of these lesions

The influence of parotid gland sparing on radiation damages of dental hard tissues.

Science.gov (United States)

Hey, Jeremias; Seidel, Johannes; Schweyen, Ramona; Paelecke-Habermann, Yvonne; Vordermark, Dirk; Gernhardt, Christian; Kuhnt, Thomas

2013-07-01

The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether radiation damage on dental hard tissue depends on the mean irradiation dose the spared parotid gland is subjected to or on stimulated whole salivary flow rate. Between June 2002 and October 2008, 70 patients with neck and cancer curatively irradiated were included in this study. All patients underwent dental treatment referring to the guidelines and recommendations of the German Society of Dental, Oral and Craniomandibular Sciences prior, during, and after radiotherapy (RT). During the follow-up period of 24 months, damages on dental hard tissues were classified according to the RTOG/EORTC guidelines. The mean doses (D(mean)) during spared parotid gland RT were determined. Stimulated whole saliva secretion flow rates (SFR) were measured before RT and 1, 6, 12, 24 months after RT. Thirty patients showed no carious lesions (group A), 18 patients developed sporadic carious lesions (group B), and 22 patients developed general carious lesions (group C). Group A patients received a D mean of 21.2 ± 11.04 Gy. Group B patients received a D(mean) of 26.5 ± 11.59 Gy and group C patients received a D(mean) of 33.9 ± 9.93 Gy, respectively. The D(mean) of group A was significantly lower than the D(mean) of group C (p dental hard tissue correlates with increased mean irradiation doses as well as decreased salivary flow rates. Parotid gland sparing resulting in a dose below 20 Gy reduces radiation damage on dental hard tissues, and therefore, the dose may act as a predictor for the damage to be expected.

Peripheral Exophytic Oral Lesions: A Clinical Decision Tree

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hamed Mortazavi

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Diagnosis of peripheral oral exophytic lesions might be quite challenging. This review article aimed to introduce a decision tree for oral exophytic lesions according to their clinical features. General search engines and specialized databases including PubMed, PubMed Central, Medline Plus, EBSCO, Science Direct, Scopus, Embase, and authenticated textbooks were used to find relevant topics by means of keywords such as “oral soft tissue lesion,” “oral tumor like lesion,” “oral mucosal enlargement,” and “oral exophytic lesion.” Related English-language articles published since 1988 to 2016 in both medical and dental journals were appraised. Upon compilation of data, peripheral oral exophytic lesions were categorized into two major groups according to their surface texture: smooth (mesenchymal or nonsquamous epithelium-originated and rough (squamous epithelium-originated. Lesions with smooth surface were also categorized into three subgroups according to their general frequency: reactive hyperplastic lesions/inflammatory hyperplasia, salivary gland lesions (nonneoplastic and neoplastic, and mesenchymal lesions (benign and malignant neoplasms. In addition, lesions with rough surface were summarized in six more common lesions. In total, 29 entities were organized in the form of a decision tree in order to help clinicians establish a logical diagnosis by a stepwise progression method.

Dental erosion among South Brazilian adolescents: A 2.5-year longitudinal study.

Science.gov (United States)

Brusius, C D; Alves, L S; Susin, C; Maltz, M

2018-02-01

This population-based longitudinal study investigated the incidence, progression and risk factors for dental erosion among South Brazilian adolescents. Eight hundred and one schoolchildren attending 42 public and private schools were clinically examined at 12 years of age; clinical examinations were repeated after 2.5 years (SD=0.3). After tooth cleaning and drying, permanent incisors and first molars were classified using the Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) scoring criteria. Questionnaires were used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits, toothbrushing frequency and general health. Poisson regression analysis was used to assess the association between dental erosion incidence and explanatory variables, with adjusted incidence risk ratios (IRR) and 95% CI estimated. Among those who did not have dental erosion at baseline, 49 of 680 schoolchildren (7.1%; 95% CI=5.2-9.1) developed erosive lesions over the follow-up period. Among schoolchildren who had dental erosion at baseline, 31 of 121 (25.4%; 95% CI=17.6-33.3) had new or more severe lesions. Boys were more likely to develop dental erosion than girls (IRR=1.88; 95% CI=1.06-3.32). A moderate incidence of dental erosion was observed among South Brazilian adolescents, with boys being at higher risk. The high progression rate of 25% observed here is very concerning, and it should be taken in consideration when designing preventive strategies for dental erosion. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

The application of lesion sterilization and tissue repair 3Mix-MP for treating rat's dental pulp tissue

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raditya Nugroho

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Background: Lesion sterilization and tissue repair (LSTR 3Mix-MP are three broad-spectrum antibiotics, including metronidazole, ciprofloxacin and minocycline are mixed with propylene glycol or macrogol. There is the possibility ofthe healing process that marked proliferation ofnew blood vessels and proliferation offibroblasts in the treatment ofirreversible pulpitis by pulp capping LSTR 3MixMP because of  the principle of the method LSTR 3Mix-MP is to kill bacteria. Purpose: The purpose of this study to prove the effect of LSTR 3Mix-MP on chronic inflammation and the healing process in rat dental pulp tissue in vivo. Methods: Rattus norvegicus anaesthetized by using ketamine and xylazine dissolved in sterile isotonic saline solution (0.2 ml/50gr mm on the upper right thigh. Cavity preparation class I to perforation by using a low speed tapered diamond round bur. In the treatment group, rats were treated 3Mix-MP at a dose of10 mg and then covered with glass ionomer cement for 7 days on the pulp that has been opened for 3 days. The control group treated with saline irrigation on the pulp that has been opened for 3 days. Rats were killed after seven days, and then made preparations pulp tissue to count the number oflymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells, blood vessels, and fibroblasts Results: There is an increase in the average number ofmacrophage cells, plasma, and fibroblasts; and decreased lymphocytes and blood vessels in the treated group exposure LSTR 3Mix-MP. Conclusion:LSTR 3Mix-MP can reduce chronic inflammation process and enhance the healing process in rat dental pulp tissue.

How much we know about bisphosphonate lesions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pešić Zoran

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Bisphosphonate drugs are used in the treatment of the osteoporosis and malignant processes in the bone tissue. As a result of this use bisphosphonate lesions are formed in bone tissue and oral mucosis, which representing a remarkable therapeutic problem. The aim of this study was to determine how many dentists in general practice are familiar with the character, diagnosis and therapy bisphosphonate lesions. Material and Methods: An anonymous questionnaire of 13 questions was conducted in dental practices in Nis County in the period from October 2015 to December 2015. The obtained data were statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 60% dentists knew what drugs are used in the treatment of osteoporosis and malignant processes in the bones. 25% knew what the bisphosphonate bone lesions are . 66, 6% of dentists knewn what is the prevention of bisphosphonate lesions. 63.3% of dentists are aware of the complications bisphosphonate lesions. Conclusion: Dentists in general practices are insufficiently familiar with the character, diagnosis and treatment of bisphosphonate lesions. We should activate all entities that participate in more continuous medical education, in order to achieve a higher level of prevention of these therapeutic ungrateful lesions.

Incidence of Radiographic Cystic Lesions Associated With Unerupted Teeth in Dogs.

Science.gov (United States)

Babbitt, Sam G; Krakowski Volker, Mary; Luskin, Ira R

2016-12-01

Medical records and radiographs were retrospectively reviewed over a 3-year period (2012-2015) from dogs presented to a private dental referral practice. Medical records were evaluated for the diagnosis of impacted or embedded teeth. The identified dogs' radiographs were reviewed for the presence of radiographically significant cystic lesions that were associated with the impacted or embedded teeth. Radiographic criteria were established by the authors for the purposes of identifying cystic lesions in dogs of different breeds and sizes, using established indices from human dental pathology as a basis. When histopathology results were available, they were reviewed and reported. In this study, 136 dogs ranging in age from 3 months to 17 years were diagnosed with 213 unerupted teeth during the study period. There were 62 (29.1%) of the 213 radiographically apparent cystic lesions identified based on the criteria proposed in this study. In this study, 146 (68.5%) of the 213 unerupted teeth were identified as mandibular first premolar teeth. Histopathology was obtained on 28 (45.1%) of the 62 diagnosed cystic lesions. Dentigerous cysts accounted for 20 (71.4%) of the 28 cystic lesions. Brachycephalic breeds were overrepresented in this study. Boxer, pug, Shih Tzu, and Boston terrier dogs were most likely to present with cystic lesions associated with unerupted teeth. Seventeen (85%) of the 20 cases with a histopathologic diagnosis of dentigerous cyst were found within these 4 brachycephalic breeds.

Modern views on the pathogenesis of hard dental tissues and periodontium lesions and means of their treatment in children with chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Krupey V.Y.

2014-09-01

Full Text Available Changes in the mouth covity often reflect regularities of pathogenesis of a number of disease states, and primarily from the digestive tract. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to clarify pathogenesis of certain lesions of hard dental tissues and periodontal tissues in children with chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and development of schemes for their treatment. The study observed 441 children aged from 7 to 15 years with dental caries and generalized chronic catarrhal gingivitis on the background of chronic gastritis and duodenitis, duodenal ulcer and malabsorption syndrome. All the children were divided into 2 groups - basic and comparison one. The study identified the most dan¬gerous and little-known way of pathogenesis, which passes through the general processes of reducing the production of various proteins (immune system and antiseptics, is a violation of the general and local resistance and, ultimately, mineral metabolism. Such disorders impair complete mineralization of tooth enamel, reduce optimal composition and properties of saliva stimulating glycolysis processes in oral cavity. Prevention of dental caries and generalized chronic catarrhal gingivitis in children with chronic pathology of the gastrointestinal tract is based on the use of developed therapeutic and prophylactic complex, which includes mucosal gel Kvertulin, probiotic Latsidofil and drug Calcium D.

Estudio comparativo de la fiabilidad y reproducibilidad en la medición de los tamaños dentarios y las medidas de las arcadas dentarias entre registros manuales y digitales 3d obtenidos por escaneado intraoral y extraoral

OpenAIRE

Marín Arias, Diana Monserrat

2016-01-01

Tradicionalmente, los ortodoncistas han realizado las mediciones dentales en los modelos de yeso, pero los avances tecnológicos permiten ahora a los ortodoncistas realizar esas mediciones en los modelos digitales. El propósito de este estudio fue comparar la fiabilidad y reproducibilidad de las medidas de los tamaños dentarios y las arcadas dentarias entre el método manual y los métodos digitales 3D obtenidos por un escáner intraoral CEREC Omnicam (Sirona Dental Systems) y dos escáneres extra...

Efficacy of panoramic radiography as a screening procedure in dental examination compared with clinical evaluation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An, Seo Young; An, Chang Hyeon; Choi, Karp Shik

2007-01-01

To evaluate the efficacy of panoramic radiography by comparing the results of clinical examination with radiographic findings. We studied 190 patients (20 men and 170 women; mean age, 40 years; range, 22 to 68 years) who visited the health promotion center of Korea Medical Science Institute and were examined both clinically and by panoramic radiography. We compared results from both examinations. Treatment options by clinical examination were described as 'no treatment indicated', 'treatment of dental caries', 'removal of calculus', 'treatment of periodontal disease'. 'prothodonic treatment' and 'extraction of the third molar'. Findings taken from the panoramic radiography were: dental caries, peroapical lesion, alveolar bone loss, calculus deposition, retained root, impaction of the third molar, disease of maxillary sinus, bony change of mandibular condyle, etc. The prevalence of panoramic findings were: 37.9% of dental caries, 17.4% of periapical lesions, 44.7% of alveolar bone losses, 62.6% of calculi deposition. 7.9% of retained roots, 26.8% of third molar impactions, 6.3% of disease of maxillary sinus, 2.1% of bony changes of mandibular condlye and 35.8% of miscellaneous lesions. Abnormal conditions revealed by panoramic radiography which had not been discovered on clinical examination were: 24.2% of the patients had dental caries, 17.4% had periapical lesions, 7.4% had calculi deposition, 5.3% had retained roots, 15.3% had third molar impactions. The opposite cases were: 5.2% had dental caries, 12.6% had calculi deposition, and 9.5% had third molar impactions. The use of panoramic radiography as a supplement to the clinical examination might be a valuable screening technique

Socio-behavioral factors influence prevalence and severity of dental caries in children with primary dentition

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Heloisa Carvalho Borges

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of socio-behavioral variables on the prevalence and severity of dental caries in 4- to 6-year-old children. A cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 1993 children enrolled in 58 public preschools from Araçatuba City, São Paulo State, Brazil, during 2010. The exams were made using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (World Health Organization methodology and detection criteria for non-cavitated lesions. A tested, self-administered questionnaire was sent to parents to obtain information about their socio-behavioral characteristics. Standardization was performed to verify concordance among examiners (kappa = 0.84. The prevalence of cavitated caries lesions was 41.2% (821, and the prevalence of both, cavitated and non-cavitated caries lesions, was 43.9% (875. The means ± standard deviations of the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index for children aged 4, 5, and 6 years were 1.18 ± 2.45, 1.65 ± 2.67, and 1.73 ± 2.77, respectively. Caries were significantly more prevalent in children from families with low incomes and low educational levels. The presence of dental caries was associated with access to dental services (p < 0.05. The associations between both, cavitated and non-cavitated dental caries lesions, and the frequency of oral hygiene were statistically significant. The prevalence of dental caries in preschoolers was strongly associated with factors related to the children's parents. Therefore, information about parents' socio-economic status, behaviors, and attitudes in relation to oral health should be considered when planning prevention and educational programs for the oral health of preschool children.

Efficacy of panoramic radiography as a screening procedure in dental examination compared with clinical evaluation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An, Seo Young; An, Chang Hyeon; Choi, Karp Shik [Kyungpook National Univ. School of Dentistry, Daegu (Korea, Republic of)

2007-06-15

To evaluate the efficacy of panoramic radiography by comparing the results of clinical examination with radiographic findings. We studied 190 patients (20 men and 170 women; mean age, 40 years; range, 22 to 68 years) who visited the health promotion center of Korea Medical Science Institute and were examined both clinically and by panoramic radiography. We compared results from both examinations. Treatment options by clinical examination were described as 'no treatment indicated', 'treatment of dental caries', 'removal of calculus', 'treatment of periodontal disease'. 'prothodonic treatment' and 'extraction of the third molar'. Findings taken from the panoramic radiography were: dental caries, peroapical lesion, alveolar bone loss, calculus deposition, retained root, impaction of the third molar, disease of maxillary sinus, bony change of mandibular condyle, etc. The prevalence of panoramic findings were: 37.9% of dental caries, 17.4% of periapical lesions, 44.7% of alveolar bone losses, 62.6% of calculi deposition. 7.9% of retained roots, 26.8% of third molar impactions, 6.3% of disease of maxillary sinus, 2.1% of bony changes of mandibular condlye and 35.8% of miscellaneous lesions. Abnormal conditions revealed by panoramic radiography which had not been discovered on clinical examination were: 24.2% of the patients had dental caries, 17.4% had periapical lesions, 7.4% had calculi deposition, 5.3% had retained roots, 15.3% had third molar impactions. The opposite cases were: 5.2% had dental caries, 12.6% had calculi deposition, and 9.5% had third molar impactions. The use of panoramic radiography as a supplement to the clinical examination might be a valuable screening technique.

Dental Caries Experience in Texan Children with Cleft Lip and Palate.

Science.gov (United States)

Sunderji, Sabrina; Acharya, Bhavini; Flaitz, Catherine; Chiquet, Brett

2017-09-15

The purpose of this study was to assess the caries experience in the primary dentition of children born with cleft lip and palate (CLP). A retrospective chart review was conducted on subjects between two and six years old recruited from a university-based pediatric dentistry residency clinic. The number of dental visits and professional fluoride applications, the plaque index and treatment modality, and the presence/location of caries, white spot lesions, and enamel hypoplastic lesions were compared between CLP patients and healthy age- and gender-matched controls. Descriptive statistics, Student's t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and regression analysis were completed. A total of 183 charts were reviewed. Compared to healthy children, CLP children had increases in number of dental visits (P0.05). Children with cleft lip and palate are at a greater risk of enamel hypoplasia and dental caries. No significant caries experience difference was found between unilateral or bilateral CLP cases.

Quantification and Localization of Mast Cells in Periapical Lesions

African Journals Online (AJOL)

and Oral Biology, Basic Dental. Sciences, Faculty of ... vessels and are especially prominent near skin, mucosa of the lungs, and ... population and growth factors associated with maintenance ... Materials and Methods: A total of 30 cases and out of which ... diseases, including periapical lesions, inflammatory reactions.

El estado de las lesiones causadas por el tránsito en México: evidencias para fortalecer la estrategia mexicana de seguridad vial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Pérez-Núñez

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Mediante la revisión de información secundaria oficial, publicaciones científicas y el análisis de la ENSANut-2012, este trabajo busca proveer una visión integral de la magnitud actual de las lesiones causadas por el tránsito (LCT en México y analizar críticamente la respuesta social organizada. Las altas tasas de choques, lesiones, muertes y discapacidad atribuidas a este problema de salud pública, representan un elevado costo para la sociedad mexicana, en especial para los hogares. Se discute cómo la respuesta mexicana se ha enfocado a los automovilistas, dejando fuera a usuarios vulnerables de la vía pública y se ha privilegiado la implementación de estrategias poco efectivas. A pesar de que se dispone de legislación para los principales factores de riesgo, se ha descuidado su correcta aplicación. La estrategia mexicana podría fortalecerse implementando estrategias de movilidad seguras, equitativas, saludables y sostenibles para los diferentes actores de la vía pública. A pesar de los avances que se han dado en términos de prevención de LCT, existen aún retos y oportunidades para el país.

Prevalence of Oral, Skin, and Oral and Skin Lesions of Lichen Planus in Patients Visiting a Dental School in Southern India

Science.gov (United States)

Omal, PM; Jacob, Vimal; Prathap, Akhilesh; Thomas, Nebu George

2012-01-01

Background: Lichen planus (LP) is a mucocutaneous disease that is relatively common among adult population. LP can present as skin and oral lesions. This study highlights the prevalence of oral, skin, and oral and skin lesions of LP. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of oral, skin, and oral and skin lesions of LP from a population of patients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiodiagnosis, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences, Tiruvalla, Kerala, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of oral, skin, and oral and skin lesions of LP. This is a ongoing prospective study with results of 2 years being reported. LP was diagnosed on the basis of clinical presentation and histopathological analysis of mucosal and skin biopsy done for all patients suspected of having LP. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS (Statistical package for social sciences) software version 14. To test the statistical significance, chi-square test was used. Results: Out of 18,306 patients screened, 8,040 were males and 10,266 females. LP was seen in 118 cases (0.64%). Increased prevalence of LP was observed in middle age adults (40–60 years age group) with lowest age of 12 years and highest age of 65 years. No statistically significant differences were observed between the genders in skin LP group (P=0.12) and in oral and skin LP groups (P=0.06); however, a strong female predilection was seen in oral LP group (P=0.000036). The prevalence of cutaneous LP in oral LP patients was 0.06%. Conclusion: This study showed an increased prevalence of oral LP than skin LP, and oral and skin LP with a female predominance. PMID:22615505

Surgical Management of Mandibular Central Incisors with Dumbbell Shaped Periapical Lesion: A Case Report

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roopadevi Garlapati

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Dental traumatic injuries may affect the teeth and alveolar bone directly or indirectly. Pulpal necrosis and chronic and apical periodontitis with cystic changes are the most common sequelae of the dental traumatic injuries, if the teeth are not treated immediately. This case report focuses on the conventional and surgical management of mandibular central incisors. A twenty-four-year-old male patient presented with pain in the mandibular central incisors. Radiographic examination revealed mandibular central incisors with dumbbell shaped periapical lesion. After root canal treatment, parendodontic surgery was performed for mandibular central incisors. After one-year recall examination, the teeth were asymptomatic and periapical lesion had healed.

Relación placa bacteriana y caries en un grupo de niños escolarizados entre 5 y 14 años de la población de la Boquilla - Cartagena en el año 2004-1

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lizelia Alfaro Zolá

2013-10-01

Full Text Available ResumenObjetivo: Describir la ocurrencia de placa bacteriana en las superficies dentales y relacionarla con el tipo de lesión de caries que se presenta en niños escolares de 5 a 14 años de la Boquilla - Cartagena. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal, en el cual se seleccionó una muestra de 89 niños escolares de la población de la Boquilla a través de un muestreo aleatorio sistemático, a quienes se les evaluó el estado de higiene oral mediante el índice de placa comunitario de Corchuelo modificado y el índice de caries superficial con criterios de diagnóstico Ekstrand. Resultados: La superficie con lesiones de caries de mayor frecuencia fue la oclusal, presentándose un mayor numero de lesiones detenidas, seguido en palatino por las lesiones precavitacionales, a diferencia de las superficies vestibular y lingual donde se encontraron un mayor número de superficies sanas. En todas las superficies evaluadas predominó la presencia de placa bacteriana independientemente de la presencia de caries y no se encontró una relación estadísticamente significativa entre estas dos variables. Conclusiones: La alta frecuencia de placa bacteriana en las superficies dentarias nos mostró el deficiente estado de higiene oral de la población, sin embargo, sigue en duda la pertinencia de los índices de placa para la predicción de la caries debido a que no se encontró relación estadística. (Duazary 2007; 2: 119 - 126AbstractObjectives: describe the presence of dental plaque in healthy in the dental surfaces and relate it with the type of lesion of caries in children between 5 and 14 years of age in the village of la Boquilla- Cartagena. Material and Methods: This is study transversal, in a universe of 89 scholar children in the village of la Boquilla, 60 of these were chosen through a systematic aleatory sampling. They were evaluated to establish their status of oral hygiene using the modified �

Twenty-month follow-up of occlusal caries lesions deemed questionable at baseline

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Makhija, Sonia K; Gilbert, Gregg H; Funkhouser, Ellen

2014-01-01

-three clinicians from The National Dental Practice-Based Research Network participated in this study, recording lesion characteristics at baseline and lesion status at 20 months. RESULTS: At baseline, 1,341 QOC lesions were examined; the treatment that was planned for 1,033 of those at baseline was monitoring...... (oral hygiene instruction, applying or prescribing fluoride or varnish, or both), and the remaining 308 received a sealant (n = 192) or invasive therapy (n = 116). At the 20-month visit, clinicians continued to monitor 927 (90 percent) of the 1,033 monitored lesions. Clinicians decided to seal 61 (6...

Epidermolysis bullosa, dental and anesthetic management: a case report.

Science.gov (United States)

Esfahanizade, Katayoun; Mahdavi, Ali Reza; Ansari, Ghassem; Fallahinejad Ghajari, Masoud; Esfahanizadeh, Abdolreza

2014-09-01

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of rare inherited skin and mucous membrane disorders in which blister formation may arise spontaneously or following a minor friction. Various patterns of inheritance are explicated for the disease. The disease has a profound effect on oral mucosa and may result in high prevalence of dental caries. General anesthesia is sometimes the only choice for dental treatments in patients with EB. The following case report describes the dental and anesthetic management of an 12.5 -year-old girl with dystrophic type of EB. The patient was followed up every 6 months. New carious lesions were detected one year after the treatment, on the last visit. Presenting a perfect dental care to children with this disorder can be challenging for the in charge specialist, both pediatric dentist and anesthesiologist.

Radiolucent rim as a possible diagnostic aid for differentiating jaw lesions

Science.gov (United States)

Mortazavi, Hamed; Rahmani, Somayeh; Jafari, Soudeh; Parvaei, Parvin

2015-01-01

In this study, we formulate a new proposal that complements previous classifications in order to assist dental practitioners in performing a differential diagnosis based on patients' radiographs. We used general search engines and specialized databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, MedLine Plus, Science Direct, Scopus, and well-recognized textbooks to find relevant studies by using keywords such as "jaw disease," "jaw lesions," "radiolucent rim," "radiolucent border," and "radiolucent halo." More than 200 articles were found, of which 70 were broadly relevant to the topic. We ultimately included 50 articles that were closely related to the topic of interest. When the relevant data were compiled, the following eight lesions were identified as having a radiolucent rim: periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia, focal cemento-osseous dysplasia, florid cemento-osseous dysplasia, cemento-ossifying fibroma, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, odontoma, and cementoblastoma. We propose a novel subcategory, jaw lesions with a radiolucent rim, which includes eight entities. The implementation of this new category can help improve the diagnoses that dental practitioners make based on patients' radiographs. PMID:26730374

Association and comparison between visual inspection and bitewing radiography for the detection of recurrent dental caries under restorations.

Science.gov (United States)

Lino, José R; Ramos-Jorge, Joana; Coelho, Valéria Silveira; Ramos-Jorge, Maria L; Moysés, Marcos R; Ribeiro, José C R

2015-08-01

The aim of the present study was to investigate, in posterior teeth, the association between the characteristics of the margins of a restoration visually inspected and the presence, under restorations, of recurrent or residual dental caries detected by radiographic examination. Furthermore, the agreement between visual inspection and radiographs to detect dental caries was assessed. Eighty-five permanent molars and premolars with resin restorations on the interproximal and/or occlusal faces, from 18 patients, were submitted for visual inspection and radiographic examination. The visual inspection involved the criteria of the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Bitewing radiographs were used for the radiographic examination. Logistic regression was used to analyse the association between the characteristics of the margins of a restoration assessed by visual inspection (absence of dental caries, or early, established, inactive and active lesions) and the presence of recurrent caries detected by radiographs. Kappa coefficients were calculated for determining agreement between the two methods. The Kappa coefficient for agreement between visual inspection and radiographic examination was 0.19. Established lesions [odds ratio (OR) = 9.89; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 2.94-33.25; P caries detected by radiographs. Restorations with established and active lesions at the margins had a greater chance of exhibiting recurrent or residual lesions in the radiographic examination. The present findings demonstrate that restorations with established and active lesions at the margins when visually inspected often require removal and retreatment. © 2015 FDI World Dental Federation.

Mercurio y salud en la odontología Mercury and health in the dental practice

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ivelin Morales Fuentes

2003-04-01

Full Text Available El mercurio es un metal pesado ampliamente utilizado por el hombre. Se considera muy tóxico por generar afecciones sobre el sistema nervioso central, perturbaciones en el comportamiento y trastornos renales, inmunes y sexuales, entre otros. Desde hace más de un siglo, el mercurio es utilizado en la práctica odontológica por su capacidad de unir metales (amalgamar, su bajo costo y su rápida fijación en la reparación de piezas dentales. Actualmente, existe una gran controversia acerca de la seguridad del uso de las amalgamas dentales y se ha demostrado el riesgo ocupacional al que están expuestos dentistas y asistentes dentales. El objetivo del trabajo es revisar aspectos relacionados con la toxicidad del mercurio metálico tanto para el personal involucrado en la práctica odontológica como para los pacientes con amalgamas. De igual modo, se presentan las rutas de exposición a este metal en la odontología, los riesgos ocupacionales a los cuales están expuestos los odontólogos y asistentes dentales y las medidas para prevenir la intoxicación por mercurio. Se realizó la búsqueda bibliográfica sobretudo en las bases de datos Biological Abstracts y Science Citation Index para el período comprendido entre los años 1990 y 2000.Mercury is a heavy metal widely used by man. It is considered very toxic causing conditions in the central nervous system, behavior disturbances, and renal and sexual disorders. For a century, mercury has been used in the dental practice for its capacity of joining metals (amalgamate, its low cost and its rapid fixing in dental pieces repair. Currently, there is much controversy about the safety of dental amalgams and it has been demonstrated it poses occupational risks to dental practitioners and their assistants. The objective of this study is review aspects related to metallic mercury toxicity for personnel involved in the dental practice and patients with dental amalgams. Routes of mercury exposure in

Lesiones del nervio facial provocan alteraciones en las células microgliales en el sistema nervioso central

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jeimmy Cerón

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción. El Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Comportamental de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia ha descrito modificaciones tanto estructurales como electrofisiológicas en neuronas piramidales de la corteza motora producidas por la lesión del nervio facial contralateral en ratas. Sin embargo, poco se conoce si dichos cambios neuronales también se acompañan de modificaciones en las células gliales circundantes. Objetivo. Caracterizar en ratas el efecto de la lesión unilateral del nervio facial sobre la activación y proliferación de células de la microglía en la corteza motora primaria contralateral. Materiales y métodos. Se realizaron experimentos de inmunohistoquímica para detectar células microgliales en tejido cerebral de ratas sometidas a lesión del nervio facial, sacrificadas a distintos tiempos luego de la misma. Se realizaron dos tipos de lesiones: reversible (por compresión, que permite recuperación de la función e irreversible (por corte, que provoca parálisis permanente. Los tejidos cerebrales de animales sin lesión (Control absoluto y con falsa cirugía (Sham se compararon con los de animales lesionados sacrificados a 1, 3, 7, 21 ó 35 días post-lesión. Resultados. Las células microgliales en la corteza motora de animales lesionados irreversiblemente mostraron signos de proliferación y activación desde los 3 hasta los 7 días post-lesión. La proliferación de las células microgliales en animales con lesión reversible fue significativa sólo a los 3 días post-lesión. Conclusiones. La lesión del nervio facial produce modificaciones en las células microgliales de la corteza motora primaria. Estas modificaciones podrían estar involucradas en la generación de los cambios morfológicos y electrofisiológicos descritos en las neuronas piramidales de la corteza motora que comandan los movimientos faciales.

Fluorosis dental en escolares de una zona rural de Camagüey

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Naise López Larquin

2014-12-01

Full Text Available El conocimiento de los factores de riesgo de la fluorosis dental es importante para disminuir la prevalencia de esta enfermedad. Determinar su severidad y evaluar los factores de riesgo asociados fue el objetivo de esta investigación, para lo cual se realizó un estudio descriptivo en los consultorios 46 y 64 de la zona rural de Ingenio Viejo, del municipio de Camagüey, en el período comprendido entre julio de 2011 y febrero de 2012. El universo estuvo constituido por 84 niños de seis a doce años y la muestra por 67 escolares. La fluorosis dental se clasificó en: leve, moderada y grave. Las concentraciones de flúor natural en el agua de consumo, la exposición a altas concentraciones del elemento y el tiempo de exposición al mismo, fueron los factores de riesgo asociados a la fluorosis dental estudiados. Al concluir el estudio, se observó un predominio de la fluorosis dental leve (52,9 %, seguido de la moderada (38,2 %. Las concentraciones de flúor natural encontradas en las aguas de consumo fueron óptimas (0,7 y 1,2 ppm en el 44,8 % de los casos y altas (1,7 y 2,0 ppm en el 55,2 %. El 81,8 % de los casos sin fluorosis han estado expuestos a la acción del flúor solamente de uno a tres años, mientras que todos los niños con fluorosis dental lo han recibido por más de cuatro años, aumentando la severidad en la medida en que se incrementa el tiempo de exposición. El 36,4 % de los niños que ingirieron flúor antes de los seis años no presentaron fluorosis dental

Metatranscriptomics reveals overall active bacterial composition in caries lesions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aurea Simón-Soro

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Background: Identifying the microbial species in caries lesions is instrumental to determine the etiology of dental caries. However, a significant proportion of bacteria in carious lesions have not been cultured, and the use of molecular methods has been limited to DNA-based approaches, which detect both active and inactive or dead microorganisms. Objective: To identify the RNA-based, metabolically active bacterial composition of caries lesions at different stages of disease progression in order to provide a list of potential etiological agents of tooth decay. Design: Non-cavitated enamel caries lesions (n=15 and dentin caries lesions samples (n=12 were collected from 13 individuals. RNA was extracted and cDNA was constructed, which was used to amplify the 16S rRNA gene. The resulting 780 bp polymerase chain reaction products were pyrosequenced using Titanium-plus chemistry, and the sequences obtained were used to determine the bacterial composition. Results: A mean of 4,900 sequences of the 16S rRNA gene with an average read length of 661 bp was obtained per sample, giving a comprehensive view of the active bacterial communities in caries lesions. Estimates of bacterial diversity indicate that the microbiota of cavities is highly complex, each sample containing between 70 and 400 metabolically active species. The composition of these bacterial consortia varied among individuals and between caries lesions of the same individuals. In addition, enamel and dentin lesions had a different bacterial makeup. Lactobacilli were found almost exclusively in dentin cavities. Streptococci accounted for 40% of the total active community in enamel caries, and 20% in dentin caries. However, Streptococcus mutans represented only 0.02–0.73% of the total bacterial community. Conclusions: The data indicate that the etiology of dental caries is tissue dependent and that the disease has a clear polymicrobial origin. The low proportion of mutans streptococci

Effectiveness of Clinical Diagnosis in Lesions by HPV in Mouth. Useful Clinical Criteria

OpenAIRE

Josué Roberto Bermeo Escalona; Blanca Silvia González López; Eva Ramón Gallegos; Hugo Mendieta Zerón

2015-01-01

La infección por virus del papiloma humano (vph) en boca se asocia con lesiones como hiperplasia epitelial multifocal (hem), verruga vulgar (vv) y condiloma acuminado (ca). En este sentido, se evaluó la eficacia del diagnóstico clínico en lesiones por vph en boca y se propusieron criterios útiles para su diagnóstico. Los resultados sugieren que la evaluación clínica no permite diferenciar las lesiones. Las variables clínicas encontradas para el diagnóstico de hem fueron edad y presencia de le...

Anomalías dentales en pacientes de ortodoncia de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia

OpenAIRE

Bedoya-Rodríguez, Antonio; Collo-Quevedo, Lina; Gordillo-Meléndez, Laura; Yusti-Salazar, Andrea; Tamayo-Cardona, Julián Andrés; Pérez-Jaramillo, Adolfo; Jaramillo-García, Manolo

2014-01-01

Resumen Introducción y objetivo: Las anomalías dentales son malformaciones congénitas de los tejidos dentarios, pudiendo ser de forma, tamaño, número y posición. Estas anomalías logran ocasionar problemas a nivel maxilar comprometiendo la longitud y oclusión del paciente. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de las anomalías dentales de pacientes de una clínica de ortodoncia de la ciudad de Cali. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal...

Ocular lesions and experimental choline deficiency Lesiones oculares y deficiencia experimental de colina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Georgina P. Ossani

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Previous studies have shown ocular haemorrhages in choline-deficient rats. The aim of this paper is to study further the relationship between ocular and renal lesions and biochemical alterations in rats fed a choline-deficient diet. Fifty one weanling male Wistar rats, were divided into two groups. Thirty one of them were fed a choline-deficient diet and the rest was fed a choline-supplemented diet ad libitum. Animals from both groups were killed between the fifth and the eighth day. Urea, creatinine and homocysteine concentrations in blood were determined. Eyes were used for light microscopy study; high resolution light microscopy and the study of the retina as "rétine a plat". Kidneys were studied by light microscopy. Choline-supplemented rats did not show ocular or renal lesion. Choline-deficient rats that showed renal lesions, tubular or cortical necrosis, did not always have ocular changes. There were no ocular changes in the only choline-deficient rat without renal lesion. The ocular changes consisted mainly in haemorrhage in both cameras and ciliary and vitreous bodies. Correlations between ocular and renal lesion (r=0.72, pEstudios previos han demostrado hemorragia ocular en ratas deficientes en colina. El objetivo de este trabajo es profundizar en la relación entre las alteraciones oculares, renales y bioquímicas en ratas deficientes en colina. Cincuenta y una ratas Wistar macho recién destetadas fueron divididas en dos grupos: treinta y una fueron alimentadas con una dieta colino deficiente y el resto con colina suplementada ad-libitum. Los animales de ambos grupos fueron sacrificados entre el quinto y el octavo día. Se midió la concentración de urea, creatinina y homocisteína en sangre. Los ojos fueron estudiados por microscopía de luz, microscopía óptica de alta resolución y para el estudio de la retina como retina plana. Los riñones fueron estudiados por microscopía de luz. Las ratas suplementadas con colina no

Características psicológicas asociadas a la incidencia de lesiones en deportistas de modalidades individuales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosendo Berengüí-Gil

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Las lesiones deportivas son una de las consecuencias más negativas que se derivan de la práctica deportiva. Son múltiples los factores que pueden estar en su origen, creciendo el interés en la búsqueda de las variables psicológicas que se encuentran asociados a su producción. En el presente estudio se evaluó a 84 deportistas de cuatro disciplinas individuales, de diferentes categorías de competición y nivel competitivo. Se registran 247 lesiones en el período de dos años, una media de 2.94 por deportista (1.47 por año, existiendo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las medias de lesiones de los cuatro deportes estudiados. Los deportistas de mayor edad sufren más lesiones, al igual que aquellos de mayor nivel de rendimiento. Mediante la administración del 16PF-5, IPED y SCAT, se obtiene que los deportistas con bajas puntuaciones en Estabilidad Emocional y Control de Afrontamiento Negativo, y altas en Ansiedad, presentan un mayor promedio de lesiones. Los sujetos sin lesiones se diferencian de los lesionados por mayores niveles de Estabilidad Emocional, Privacidad y Apertura al cambio, Control de Afrontamiento, y menores de Ansiedad. Existen correlaciones estadísticamente significativas entre el número de lesiones y las puntuaciones de Estabilidad Emocional, Tensión, Aprensión, Ansiedad, y ansiedad rasgo competitiva.

Materiales bioactivos en la remineralización dentinaria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Inés Garchitorena Ferreira

Full Text Available Resumen El enfoque en el tratamiento de las lesiones cariosas que afectan el tejido dentinario se ha modificado de forma dramática en las últimas décadas. El conocimiento acerca de la etiología de la caries dental, la fisiopatología dentinaria y el desarrollo de biomateriales dentales y técnicas adhesivas, han confluido en tratamientos de mínima intervención. En virtud de esta nueva alternativa en el tratamiento de las lesiones dentinarias, es necesario evaluar la posible recuperación de la dentina mediante tratamientos remineralizantes y el desarrollo de materiales bioactivos que posibiliten la reparación o regeneración del tejido imitando los mecanismos fisiológicos de mineralización y recomponiendo las propiedades mecánicas originales del tejido, con el fin de obtener resultados clínicos exitosos basados en tratamientos con enfoque biomimético.

Epidemiología de las lesiones por quemaduras Epidemiology of lesions provoked by burns

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José A Viñas Díaz

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Las quemaduras son una causa importante de muerte accidental, solo superadas por los accidentes de automóviles. Con el objetivo de conocer algunos aspectos de la epidemiología de las quemaduras en Pediatría en la provincia de Pinar del Río (Cuba, se realizó una investigación transversal, descriptiva que abarcó 26 casos con edades comprendidas entre 0-18 años, ingresados con el diagnóstico de quemaduras no intencionales en el Servicio de Caumatología del Hospital "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" Pinar del Río. (Cuba, durante el año 2006. Se revisaron las historias clínicas y para el tratamiento de la información se utilizó la estadística descriptiva, determinando la relación entre las variables estudiadas. Se encontró que el grupo más afectado era el menor de 15 años (96.2 %, en la cocina (42.3 %por escaldadura, por líquidos calientes (53,8%. No hubo fallecidos. La prevención es un aspecto decisivo para evitar este tipo de accidente.Burns are one of the most important causes of accidental death, only exceeded by traffic accidents. This paper is aimed at knowing issues related to the epidemiology of burns in pediatric ages in Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with 26 burned children (0-18 years old admitted to the Caumatology Service at "Abel Santamaria" General University Hospital, during 2006. Clinical records were the source of information and descriptive statistics for showing frequencies and X² at 95 % of certainty was used for homogeneity. The group of ages younger than 15 years old was the most affected (96.2 %. Burns were mainly produced at the kitchen (42, 3 % by hot liquids (scalds (53.8 %, among other causes without mortality. Prevention is a decisive action to avoid this type of accident.

FACTORES PSICOLÓGICOS Y LESIONES DEPORTIVAS EN LUCHA OLÍMPICA Y TAEKWONDO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosendo Berengüí Gil

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Resumen En los últimos años ha aumentado el interés por el estudio de la relación entre las variables psicológicas y las lesiones deportivas. Considerando éstas como acontecimientos negativos e inevitables en el contexto deportivo, en el presente estudio abordamos dos disciplinas que tradicionalmente han registrado altas cifras de incidencia, lucha olímpica y  taekwondo. Con una muestra de 34 deportistas de ambas modalidades, los resultados más destacados indican puntuaciones similares, aunque algo superiores en todas las escalas del IPED (Inventario Psicológico de Ejecución Deportiva en los practicantes de taekwondo, si bien no se obtienen diferencias estadísticamente significativas, al igual que en la comparación entre deportistas internacionales y competidores nacionales. El índice de lesión es de 2,42 lesiones por deportista y temporada en lucha, y de 2,60 en taekwondo, y se aprecian diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p< ,01 al comparar a deportistas de nivel nacional (1,90 lesiones e internacionales (3,46 por temporada. También se obtienen correlaciones significativas entre el número de lesiones y las escalas del IPED Autoconfianza, Control de Afrontamiento Negativo y Control de Afrontamiento Positivo, siendo éstas de signo negativo.  Palabras clave: Lesiones deportivas, lucha olímpica, taekwondo, psicología del deporte.

Aportes de la Calidad del Servicio en clínicas dentales

OpenAIRE

Vargas Perez, Ana Maria; Solana Perez, Pablo; Marcado Idoeta, Carmelo

2011-01-01

Debido a la necesidad de gestionar los nuevos modelos de negocios de las clínicas dentales y la demanda de nuevos servicios requeridos por el paciente, el conocimiento sobre la “calidad del servicio” del sector dental necesita ser ampliado. En la evaluación de la calidad del servicio dental y sanitario, al paciente le es difícil valorar los aspectos técnicos (calidad técnica). El paciente (cliente) de estos servicios se diferencia de otros clientes por su renuencia a recibir el servicio...

Diagnostic Performance of the Intraoral Radiographs on the Interproximal Dental Caries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Soo Ji; Kang, Byung Cheol

1998-01-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluated the diagnostic performance of the senior dental students for the proximal dental caries in intraoral radiographs and to compare it with the dental hospital residents, the reference group. It was also investigated the diagnostic performance according to the carious lesion depth. Thirty-five intraoral periapical and bitewing radiographs with 213 proximal surface included in this study were selected from the dental patients at Chonnam National University Hospital. The observers were 181 senior dental students from 5 dental schools and 40 dentists who were second year resident from 5 dental hospitals. They were asked to evaluate the presence ro the absence of the proximal dental caries. The results were as follows : 1. The mean of the hitting rate for the overall observers was 184.51 surfaces and the diagnostic accuracy was 86.62%. 2. The diagnostic performance of the sound proximal tooth surfaces was very high, i.e., 91.5% true negative rate and 8.5% false positive rate. 3. The diagnostic performance of the dentist group was higher than the student group (P 0.001).

The relationship between radiological features and clinical manifestation and dental expenses of keratocystic odontogenic tumor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Min, Jung Hyun; Huh, Kyung Heo; Heo, Min Suk; Choi, Soon Chul; Lee, Sam Sun; Bae, Kwang Hak; Choi, Jin Woo

2013-01-01

This study was performed to identify correlations between keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) data from CT sections, and data on the KCOT clinical manifestation and resulting dental expenses. Following local Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, a seven-years of retrospective study was performed regarding patients with KCOTs treated at the Seoul National University Dental Hospital. A total of 180 KCOT were included in this study. The following information was collected: age, gender, location and size of the lesion, radiological features, surgical treatment provided and dental expenses. There was no significant association between the size of the KCOT and age, gender, and presenting preoperative symptoms. In both jaws, it was unusual to find KCOTs under 10 mm. The correlation between the number of teeth removed and the size of the KCOT in the tooth bearing area was statistically significant in the mandible, whereas in the maxilla, no significant relationship was found. Dental expenses compared with the size of the KCOT were found to be significant in both jaws. The size of KCOT was associated with a significant increase in dental expenses for both jaws and the number of teeth removed from the mandible. These findings emphasize the importance of routine examinations and early detection of lesions, which in turn helps preserving anatomical structures and reducing dental expenses.

The relationship between radiological features and clinical manifestation and dental expenses of keratocystic odontogenic tumor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Min, Jung Hyun; Huh, Kyung Heo; Heo, Min Suk; Choi, Soon Chul; Lee, Sam Sun; Bae, Kwang Hak [Dept. of School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Choi, Jin Woo [Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dankook University College of Dentistry, Cheonan (Korea, Republic of)

2013-06-15

This study was performed to identify correlations between keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) data from CT sections, and data on the KCOT clinical manifestation and resulting dental expenses. Following local Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, a seven-years of retrospective study was performed regarding patients with KCOTs treated at the Seoul National University Dental Hospital. A total of 180 KCOT were included in this study. The following information was collected: age, gender, location and size of the lesion, radiological features, surgical treatment provided and dental expenses. There was no significant association between the size of the KCOT and age, gender, and presenting preoperative symptoms. In both jaws, it was unusual to find KCOTs under 10 mm. The correlation between the number of teeth removed and the size of the KCOT in the tooth bearing area was statistically significant in the mandible, whereas in the maxilla, no significant relationship was found. Dental expenses compared with the size of the KCOT were found to be significant in both jaws. The size of KCOT was associated with a significant increase in dental expenses for both jaws and the number of teeth removed from the mandible. These findings emphasize the importance of routine examinations and early detection of lesions, which in turn helps preserving anatomical structures and reducing dental expenses.

Profile of dental caries in teenagers in Mumbai City visiting Nair Hospital Dental College

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kulvinder Singh Banga

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Witnessing the alarming rise and pattern of distribution of dental caries worldwide, the need of the hour is to take initiative in preventing the spread further. Aim: This survey was conducted to determine the occurrence of dental caries and its associated risk factors in teenagers of Mumbai city who visited Nair Hospital Dental College. Materials and Methods: The objective of the study was to analyze the current dietary habits, oral hygiene status, and the number of sugar exposures in teenagers by a questionnaire followed by clinical examination which was carried out using International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II to detect the profile of dental caries. Statistical Analysis: The data obtained from the questionnaire and examination were analyzed using Chi-square test. Results: The survey showed that, out of the 300 teenagers examined, 67% visited the dentist only when they were symptomatic. Around 60% consumed sweets 2–3 times/day. A major percentage, 89%, consumed sweets irrespective of meal time and 52% consumed aerated drinks often. Only 16% used appropriate brushing techniques and 93% were not aware if their toothpaste was fluoridated. ICDAS II revealed that a total number of teeth requiring preventive treatment ranged from 8.3% to 14% and total number of teeth requiring definitive treatment ranged from 36% to 48%. It was found that tooth most commonly treated was 36 followed by tooth number 46 showing that the incidence of caries is higher in lower arch. Conclusion: Most of the teenagers had a high rate of sweet consumption in between meals and poor knowledge of brushing techniques, fluoridated toothpaste, interdental aids, and mouthrinses. ICDAS showed a high incidence of caries in teenagers, especially in the lower arch. ICDAS II showed good accuracy in differentiating between noncavitated and cavitated lesions which helps to provide an accurate treatment plan for teenagers so that it prevents the

Tratamiento no quirúrgico de lesiones periapicales Non-surgical treatment of periapical lesions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pedro Pablo Ferro Benítez

2005-08-01

Full Text Available El tratamiento de dientes con lesiones periapicales crónicas ha sido estudiado por diferentes autores en el campo endodóntico. Basados en los resultados obtenidos en diferentes trabajos experimentales, nos propusimos realizar la presente investigación, tomando 30 dientes humanos que al momento de realizar el tratamiento pulpo-radicular mostraban presencia de lesiones periapicales con diámetros variables, por encima de los 5 mm . Se tuvieron en cuenta 2 grupos: en uno de ellos se les realizaron a los conductos radiculares rellenos temporales de pasta de hidróxido de calcio y agua destilada; en el otro grupo a estos conductos se les realizaron rellenos temporales con pasta de hidróxido de calcio, agua destilada y paramonoclorofenol alcanforado. Se evaluó la disminución de las lesiones periapicales en ambos grupos a los 3 y 6 meses de iniciado el tratamiento, sin que se observaran diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Igual ocurrió en la evaluación de la reparación ósea periapical a los 9 meses de iniciado el tratamiento. Con ambas técnicas los resultados fueron satisfactorios, lo que demuestra una participación activa del hidróxido de calcio en la reparación de las lesiones periapicales, independientemente de su asociación con el paramonoclorofenol alcanforado.The treatment of teeth with chronic periapical lesions has been studied by different authors in the endodontics field. Based on the results attained in different experimental works, we proposed ourselves to make the present research taking 30 human teeth that at the time of applying the pulpar radicular treatment presented periapical lesions with variable diameters over 5 mm. Two groups were taken into account: in one of them, the radicular ducts were temporarily filled up with calcium hydroxide paste and distilled water, whereas in the other one these ducts were filled up with calcium hydroxide paste, distilled water and camphorated paramonochlorophenol. The

A study of tooth brushing pattern and its effects on dental tissues in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The prevalence of non carious cervical lesion was 3% and these lesions were found in males only. Conclusion: The pattern of tooth brushing was correct in 51.7% of the respondents as reported. However the effect on dental tissues though present is not exaggerated when compared to other studies done in other parts of ...

Non-syndromic multiple odontogenic keratocysts associated with dental anomalies: A report of unusual case and its management

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sulabha A Narsapur

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC, now known as keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT, is the most common cystic lesion occurring in the maxillofacial region. Multiple occurrence of these cysts is less frequent and is usually associated with syndromes, the most common being the Gorlin Goltz syndrome or the nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS. We hereby report an unusual case of multiple OKCs in a healthy adult, associated with other dental anomalies. Management approach consisted of enucleation with curettage of the smaller lesions and decortication of buccal cortex in the large lesion. The condition in the present case may be because of the multifocal nature of OKC rather than its association with any syndrome. Concomitant occurrence of multiple OKCs with other dental anomalies may be coincidental. Impacted teeth or missing teeth must be radiographed to rule out the lesions associated with them.

NICE guideline on antibiotic prophylaxis against infective endocarditis: attitudes to the guideline and implications for dental practice in Ireland.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

2009-03-28

To investigate attitudes of Irish dental practitioners, cardiologists and patients with cardiac lesions to the new NICE guideline for antibiotic prophylaxis against infective endocarditis and to determine the implications of this guideline for dental practice in Ireland.

Mecanobiología de la interfase hueso-implante dental

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Carlos Vanegas Acosta

2010-03-01

Full Text Available La osteointegración es la conexión estructural y funcional entre el hueso y un implante. Cuando un implante se inserta en el hueso, se crea la denominada interfase hueso-implante, una zona de unión entre la superficie del biomaterial del implante y el hueso circundante. La cicatrización de esta interfase depende de las condiciones biológicas del hueso, las características de diseño del implante y la distribución de cargas entre hueso e implante. En este artículo se hace una revisión del proceso de cicatrización de la interfase hueso-implante para el caso de un implante dental. El objetivo es describir la secuencia de eventos biológicos iniciados con la lesión causada por la inserción del implante y que concluyen con la formación de nuevo hueso en la interfase. Esta descripción incluye una novedosa clasificación de los fenómenos mecánicos que intervienen durante el proceso de cicatrización de los tejidos lesionados. Esta descripción mecanobiológica de la interfase hueso-implante dental se utiliza para determinar las características más relevantes a tener en cuenta en la formulación de un modelo matemático de la osteointegración de implantes dentales.

Proteja a sus seres queridos de las quemaduras

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2008-12-10

Este podcast, que forma parte de la iniciativa Proteja a sus seres queridos, aborda las medidas que pueden tomar los padres para ayudar a proteger a sus niños de las quemaduras, una de las principales causas de lesiones infantiles.  Created: 12/10/2008 by National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC).   Date Released: 4/1/2009.

Proteja a sus seres queridos de las intoxicaciones

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

Este podcast, que forma parte de la iniciativa Proteja a sus seres queridos, aborda las medidas que pueden tomar los padres de familia para ayudar a proteger a sus niños de una intoxicación, una de las principales causas de lesiones infantiles.

Lesiones en artes marciales chinas frente a otros deportes de lucha e individuales

OpenAIRE

García Isidoro, Sara

2016-01-01

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las artes marciales son ejercicios para el cuerpo, la mente y el espíritu que se originaron en Oriente y que incluyen la práctica del boxeo y la autodefensa. En todo el mundo, hay alrededor de 200 disciplinas de artes marciales. El estudio de las lesiones en artes marciales es complicado. No es un tema de investigación popular en la comunidad científica internacional, y en España es un tema que apenas se ha abordado. OBJETIVO: Conocer la prevalencia y el tipo de las lesiones en ...

Radiolucent rim as a possible diagnostic aid for differentiating jaw lesions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mortazavi, Hamed; Baharvand, Maryam; Rarahmani, Somayeh; Jafati, Soudeh; Parvaei, Parvin [Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2015-12-15

In this study, we formulate a new proposal that complements previous classifications in order to assist dental practitioners in performing a differential diagnosis based on patients' radiographs. We used general search engines and specialized databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, MedLine Plus, Science Direct, Scopus, and well-recognized textbooks to find relevant studies by using keywords such as 'jaw disease,' 'jaw lesions,' 'radiolucent rim,' 'radiolucent border,' and 'radiolucent halo.' More than 200 articles were found, of which 70 were broadly relevant to the topic. We ultimately included 50 articles that were closely related to the topic of interest. When the relevant data were compiled, the following eight lesions were identified as having a radiolucent rim: periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia, focal cemento-osseous dysplasia, florid cemento-osseous dysplasia, cemento-ossifying fibroma, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, odontoma, and cementoblastoma. We propose a novel subcategory, jaw lesions with a radiolucent rim, which includes eight entities. The implementation of this new category can help improve the diagnoses that dental practitioners make based on patients' radiographs.

Radiolucent rim as a possible diagnostic aid for differentiating jaw lesions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mortazavi, Hamed; Baharvand, Maryam; Rarahmani, Somayeh; Jafati, Soudeh; Parvaei, Parvin

2015-01-01

In this study, we formulate a new proposal that complements previous classifications in order to assist dental practitioners in performing a differential diagnosis based on patients' radiographs. We used general search engines and specialized databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, MedLine Plus, Science Direct, Scopus, and well-recognized textbooks to find relevant studies by using keywords such as 'jaw disease,' 'jaw lesions,' 'radiolucent rim,' 'radiolucent border,' and 'radiolucent halo.' More than 200 articles were found, of which 70 were broadly relevant to the topic. We ultimately included 50 articles that were closely related to the topic of interest. When the relevant data were compiled, the following eight lesions were identified as having a radiolucent rim: periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia, focal cemento-osseous dysplasia, florid cemento-osseous dysplasia, cemento-ossifying fibroma, osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, odontoma, and cementoblastoma. We propose a novel subcategory, jaw lesions with a radiolucent rim, which includes eight entities. The implementation of this new category can help improve the diagnoses that dental practitioners make based on patients' radiographs

Microscopic monitoring of extracellular pH in dental biofilms

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Schlafer, Sebastian; Garcia, Javier; Greve, Matilde

pH in dental biofilm is a key virulence factor for the development of caries lesions. The complex three-dimensional architecture of dental biofilms leads to steep gradients of nutrients and metabolites, including organic acids, across the biofilm. For decades, measuring pH in dental biofilm has...... been limited to monitoring bulk pH with electrodes. Although pH microelectrodes with a better spatial resolution have been developed, they do not permit to monitor horizontal pH gradients in real-time. Quantitative fluorescent microscopic techniques, such as fluorescence lifetime imaging or pH...... ratiometry, can be employed to map the pH landscape in dental biofilm with more detail. However, when pH sensitive fluorescent probes are used to visualize pH in biofilms, it is crucial to differentiate between extracellular and intracellular pH. Intracellular microbial pH and pH in the extracellular matrix...

Mejoramiento de las propiedades de biomateriales dentales metálicos mediante el uso de inhibidores orgánicos : Análisis de biocompatibilidad de los biomateriales tratados

OpenAIRE

Morales, María Laura

2014-01-01

Objetivos: a) General: mejorar las propiedades, biocompatibilidad y durabilidad de biomateriales dentales metálicos (BMDM) de modo que una vez instalados en la cavidad oral, beneficien la calidad de vida del ser humano. b) Específicos: estudiar la estabilidad y citotoxicidad de BMDM en medios biológicos simulados, en presencia de nuevos inhibidores orgánicos de la corrosión y comparar los resultados con los obtenidos en su ausencia. Enfoque y planificación del tr...

Prevalence regarding the type of periapical pathology in 102 human teeth extracted with associated periapical lesion

OpenAIRE

Vier, Fabiana Vieira; Figueiredo, José Antônio Poli de

2000-01-01

Objective: The aim of the present study was to verify the prevalence of the cystic and non-cystic lesions, with varied degrees of abscess severity, in teeth bearing periapical lesions associated to the dental apex at the time of their extraction. Material and methods: In order to do so, semi-serial cuts were conducted in 102 periapical lesions which were then dyed by the HE technique. The lesions were classified by two observers in periapical granuloma, 1,2 and 3 degrees periapical abscess, 1...

[Early evaluations of the dental and maxillofacial skeletal lesions in patients treated for neoplasms in childhood].

Science.gov (United States)

Bocca, M; Rapalino, M; Miniero, R; Morabito, A; Pomatto, E

1990-02-01

The long-term dental and maxillofacial abnormalities generated in patients treated with chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy for hemopathies and solid tumours in paediatric age have been considered. Abnormalities were observed in tooth structure, dental agenesia and probable changes to the skeleton.

Lesiones musculo-esqueléticas más frecuentes en miembro superior, en los trabajadores de locales de comida rápida

OpenAIRE

Dasilva, Luciana; Gallo, Pablo

2015-01-01

La presente investigación se centra en el estudio de las lesiones laborales más usuales, a nivel de los miembros superiores, entre los empleados de los locales de comida rápida. Se buscó detallar la prevalencia de enfermedades laborales dentro del sector de la cocina, se inquirió sobre las causas de dichas lesiones y se estudió las condiciones de trabajo. UObjetivo general:U Identificar las lesiones músculo-esqueléticas más frecuente que sufren en los miembros superiores los...

Thermophotonic lock-in imaging of early demineralized and carious lesions in human teeth

Science.gov (United States)

Tabatabaei, Nima; Mandelis, Andreas; Amaechi, Bennett Tochukwu

2011-07-01

As an extension of frequency-domain photothermal radiometry, a novel dental-imaging modality, thermophotonic lock-in imaging (TPLI), is introduced. This methodology uses photothermal wave principles and is capable of detecting early carious lesions and cracks on occlusal and approximal surfaces as well as early caries induced by artificial demineralizing solutions. The increased light scattering and absorption within early carious lesions increases the thermal-wave amplitude and shifts the thermal-wave centroid, producing contrast between the carious lesion and the intact enamel in both amplitude and phase images. Samples with artificial and natural occlusal and approximal caries were examined in this study. Thermophotonic effective detection depth is controlled by the modulation frequency according to the well-known concept of thermal diffusion length. TPLI phase images are emissivity normalized and therefore insensitive to the presence of stains. Amplitude images, on the other hand, provide integrated information from deeper enamel regions. It is concluded that the results of our noninvasive, noncontacting imaging methodology exhibit higher sensitivity to very early demineralization than dental radiographs and are in agreement with the destructive transverse microradiography mineral density profiles.

Proteja a sus seres queridos de las caídas

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

Este podcast, que forma parte de la iniciativa Proteja a sus seres queridos, aborda las medidas que pueden tomar los padres de familia para ayudar a proteger a sus niños de las caídas, una de las principales causas de lesiones infantiles.

Effectiveness of Clinical Diagnosis in Lesions by HPV in Mouth. Useful Clinical Criteria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Josué Roberto Bermeo Escalona

2015-01-01

Full Text Available La infección por virus del papiloma humano (vph en boca se asocia con lesiones como hiperplasia epitelial multifocal (hem, verruga vulgar (vv y condiloma acuminado (ca. En este sentido, se evaluó la eficacia del diagnóstico clínico en lesiones por vph en boca y se propusieron criterios útiles para su diagnóstico. Los resultados sugieren que la evaluación clínica no permite diferenciar las lesiones. Las variables clínicas encontradas para el diagnóstico de hem fueron edad y presencia de lesiones múltiples. En el caso de la vv, género femenino y lesiones únicas pediculadas ≤ 7.65 mm. Para el ca, edad y género masculino. Aunque estas variables podrían resultar insuficientes en algunos casos, contribuyen al desarrollo de una odontología basada en evidencia.

Diagnóstico y tratamiento del trauma dental

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juana María Abreu Correa

1997-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio acerca del diagnóstico y tratamiento del trauma dental en un grupo de 40 pacientes cuyas edades oscilaron entre 5 y 25 años. La edad en que ocurrió el trauma con mayor frecuencia fue de 5 a 11 años y la porción dentaria más afectada fue la corona, aunque tenemos 2 casos con fracturas radiculares. Se atendieron 31 pacientes que habían sufrido trauma pasados varios días y habían sido atendidos por otros estomatólogos. La conducta que seguimos fue realizar tratamiento en correspondencia con la afección que presentaba el paciente en ese momento. Tres pacientes acudieron a consulta entre 6 y 24 horas y 6 antes de las 5 horas, a los que se les realizó el tratamiento correcto. Todos los pacientes atendidos después de las 24 horas del trauma presentaron sintomatología dolorosa; no ocurrió así para los pacientes atendidos entre las 5 y 24 horas, que su posoperatorio fue exitoso.It was conducted a study on the diagnosis and treatment of dental trauma in a group of 40 patients aged 5-25. The trauma occurred more frequently among those aged 5-11 and the crown was the most affected dental portion, eventhough there were 2 cases with radicular fractures. 31 patients who had suffered from trauma some days later and had been seen by other stomatologists were attended. 3 patients went to the dental office between 6 and 24 hours after the trauma, whereas 6 did it before the 5 hours. These patients received the correct treatment. The rest of the patients that were given attention 24 hours after the trauma presented a painful symptomatology. It was not so for the patients attended between 5 and 24 hours and whose postoperative was successful.

Maxillofacial injuries and dental trauma in patients aged 19-80 years, Recife, Brazil Lesiones maxilofaciales y traumatismo dental en pacientes de 19 a 80 años, Recife, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Leite Cavalcanti

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Aim: A retrospective study was undertaken to assess causes of maxillofacial trauma in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Method: A review of 186 patients with maxillofacial injuries aged 19 and 83 years old seen and treated at the Hospital da Restauração between January and December 2006 was conducted and were analyzed according to age, sex, etiology, site of fracture, dentoalveolar trauma and alcohol abuse. Analysis was made in Epi Info using the Chi-square and Fisher´s Exact Tests. Results: It was found that maxillofacial injuries were most frequent in males (89.2% and in the 19-28 year age group (46.8%. Traffic accidents/motorcycle (23.7% and physical violence (20.4% were the most common etiological factor. Facial fractures were detected in 90.9% and a statistically significant difference between sex and facial fracture was found (p = 0.000. The most common facial fracture was maxilla (29.1%, followed by the mandible (27.5%. A positive association between the presence of facial fracture and alcohol consumption was observed (p = 0.002. Dentoalveolar trauma was present in 7.5% of patients. Conclusion: The incidence of facial fractures in Brazilian population is similar than previously reported elsewhere. There were most common in male patients, mainly due to traffic accidents/motorcycle and physical violence.Objetivo: Se llevó a cabo un estudio retrospectivo para evaluar las causas de traumatismo maxilofacial en Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. Método: Se hizo una revisión de 186 pacientes con lesiones maxilofaciales de 19 a 83 años atendidos y tratados en el Hospital da Restauração entre Enero y Diciembre 2006, analizándoles según edad, sexo, etiología, localización de la fractura, traumatismo dentoalveolar y abuso de alcohol. Se llevó a cabo el análisis en Epi Info, utilizando el Chi cuadrado y la prueba exacta de Fisher. Resultados: Resultó que las lesiones maxilofaciales fueron más frecuentes en los hombres (89,2% y en el grupo de edad

Evolución histórica del cepillo dental

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Isidro de Jesús Nápoles González

Full Text Available La higiene bucal proviene de épocas remotas. En la era primitiva el hombre empleaba sus uñas o fragmentos de madera, en la prehispánica los indígenas utilizaban la raíz de una planta o se frotaban los dientes con los dedos. Pero el cepillo de dientes tal y como hoy se conoce comenzó a utilizarse en el siglo XVII. En su diseño se han combinado diferentes tipos, tamaños y grosores de cerdas, dispuestas en distintas angulaciones para facilitar el cepillado dental. Conocer la evolución histórica del cepillo dental constituye el propósito de esta revisión. Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva retrospectiva automatizada en internet, utilizando el buscador Google. Para reunir la información necesaria se emplearon las herramientas para la comunicación asincrónica de gestores personales como Endnote, que facilitan el ordenamiento de las citas. Se consultaron artículos originales en revistas, informaciones en sitios web y blogs. No hubo restricciones en la selección de los materiales, ni por fecha, autores o estilos. Se revisaron textos que en sus páginas presentan referencias concernientes al tema de investigación. Consideramos que no es necesario utilizar cepillos de alta tecnología para la lograr la higiene dental. Aplicar una técnica adecuada y saber emplear el cepillo dental facilitará este proceso, para evitar enfermedades frecuentes causadas por la placa dentobacteriana (caries dentales y enfermedad periodontal, y así lograr por más tiempo la conservación dientes funcionales en la cavidad bucal.

Lesiones infantiles: Lo que necesita saber (Child Injury: What You Need to Know)

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2012-04-16

Este podcast se basa en el informe de Vital Signs de los CDC de abril del 2012. Muchas lesiones y muertes infantiles se pueden prevenir, como las causadas por choques automovilísticos, asfixia, envenenamientos, ahogamientos, incendios y caídas. Este podcast habla sobre las formas de prevenir estas lesiones y muertes.  Created: 4/16/2012 by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).   Date Released: 4/16/2012.

Infant motivation in dental health: Attitude without constant reinforcement

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabiana Bucholdz Teixeira Alves

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Social factors determine the child′s behavior and motivation is an important task in the teaching-learning process. This longitudinal and cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of a motivational activity program for oral hygiene habits formation after motivation and without constant reinforcement. Materials and Methods: The sample was constituted of 26 children (mean 6 years old from a Public Kindergarten School in Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil. Data were collected applying a test-chart, with figures reporting the process of dental health/illness. Some figures were considered positive to dental health (dentist/Cod 1, toothbrush/Cod 3, dentifrice/dental floss/Cod 6, fruits/vegetables/Cod 7 and tooth without caries lesion/Cod 8 and negative on dental health (sweets/Cod 2, bacteria/Cod 4, tooth with caries lesion/Cod 5. The figures presentation occurred in three different stages: First stage - figures were presented to children without previous knowledge; second stage - following the motivational presentation, and third stage - 30 days after the first contact. Results: On the first stage, most children select good for the figures considered harmful to their teeth (Cod 2-88%; Cod 4-77% and Cod 5-65%. On the second stage, there was a lower percentage: 23% (P < 0.0001, 8% (P < 0.0001, and 23% (P = 0.0068 related to the Cod 2, 4, and 5. On the third stage, the results showed again an association with the good choice to these figures considered harmful (Cod 2-85%, Cod 4-65% and Cod 5-54% similar the results obtained on the first stage. Conclusion: The motivational programs performed without constant reinforcement does not have a positive influence in changing the child′s behavior related to a better dental care.

Caries dental en escolares del Distrito Federal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

IRIGOYEN-CAMACHO MARÍA ESTHER

1997-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Presentar las estimaciones de la prevalencia y la severidad de caries dental, así como las necesidades de tratamiento de la población escolar del Distrito Federal examinada en la encuesta de caries dental que se llevó a cabo en 1988 con la finalidad de obtener datos basales sobre caries en los escolares al inicio del Programa Nacional de Fluoruración de la Sal en México. Material y métodos. La población de estudio fue seleccionada empleando un marco muestral basado en el listado de las escuelas primarias y los jardines de niños registrados por la Secretaría de Educación Pública en 1988. En el examen de la cavidad bucal de los escolares se utilizaron los criterios diagnósticos señalados por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Resultados. Un total de 4 475 escolares de 5 a 12 años de edad participaron en el estudio. La prevalencia de caries dental en la población alcanzó 90.5%. El índice de necesidades de tratamiento fue elevado (79.6%. El promedio de los índices de caries en los escolares de 12 años de edad fue CPOD= 4.42 (desviación estándar -DE- 3.2 y CPOS= 6.53 (DE 4.8. Conclusiones. Los resultados de la encuesta subrayan la pertinencia de un programa preventivo de amplia cobertura, como el de fluoruración de la sal. Además, muestran que se requiere elaborar estrategias para mejorar el acceso de la población escolar a los servicios odontológicos del sistema de salud en México.

Quantitative Analysis of Diverse Lactobacillus Species Present in Advanced Dental Caries

OpenAIRE

Byun, Roy; Nadkarni, Mangala A.; Chhour, Kim-Ly; Martin, F. Elizabeth; Jacques, Nicholas A.; Hunter, Neil

2004-01-01

Our previous analysis of 65 advanced dental caries lesions by traditional culture techniques indicated that lactobacilli were numerous in the advancing front of the progressive lesion. Production of organic acids by lactobacilli is considered to be important in causing decalcification of the dentinal matrix. The present study was undertaken to define more precisely the diversity of lactobacilli found in this environment and to quantify the major species and phylotypes relative to total load o...

Analysis of dental abfractions by optical coherence tomography

Science.gov (United States)

Demjan, Enikö; Mărcăuţeanu, Corina; Bratu, Dorin; Sinescu, Cosmin; Negruţiu, Meda; Ionita, Ciprian; Topală, Florin; Hughes, Michael; Bradu, Adrian; Dobre, George; Podoleanu, Adrian Gh.

2010-02-01

Aim and objectives. Abfraction is the pathological loss of cervical hard tooth substance caused by biomechanical overload. High horizontal occlusal forces result in large stress concentrations in the cervical region of the teeth. These stresses may be high enough to cause microfractures in the dental hard tissues, eventually resulting in the loss of cervical enamel and dentin. The present study proposes the microstructural characterization of these cervical lesions by en face optical coherence tomography (eFOCT). Material and methods: 31 extracted bicuspids were investigated using eFOCT. 24 teeth derived from patients with active bruxism and occlusal interferences; they presented deep buccal abfractions and variable degrees of occlusal pathological attrition. The other 7 bicuspids were not exposed to occlusal overload and had a normal morphology of the dental crowns. The dental samples were investigated using an eFOCT system operating at 1300 nm (B-scan at 1 Hz and C-scan mode at 2 Hz). The system has a lateral resolution better than 5 μm and a depth resolution of 9 μm in tissue. OCT images were further compared with micro - computer tomography images. Results. The eFOCT investigation of bicuspids with a normal morphology revealed a homogeneous structure of the buccal cervical enamel. The C-scan and B-scan images obtained from the occlusal overloaded bicuspids visualized the wedge-shaped loss of cervical enamel and damage in the microstructure of the underlaying dentin. The high occlusal forces produced a characteristic pattern of large cracks, which reached the tooth surface. Conclusions: eFOCT is a promising imaging method for dental abfractions and it may offer some insight on the etiological mechanism of these noncarious cervical lesions.

Identificación radiográfica de implantes dentales

OpenAIRE

Insua Brandariz, Ángel

2012-01-01

La identificación de implantes dentales en pacientes sin registros clínicos representa un problema importante y creciente debido a la movilidad de la población, al incremento del número de implantes colocados, así como al aumento del número de diseños y sistemas de implantes. Objetivos 1. Crear la primera base de datos donde se describan las características morfo-radiográficas de todos los tipos de implantes dentales. 2. Identificar morfológica y radiográficamente los implan...

Incremento de la detección de lesiones cervicales mediante inspección visual. Puerto Esperanza. 2008 Detection Increase of cervix lesions by means of visual examination in Puerto Esperanza, 2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José G Sanabria Negrín

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Las pruebas visuales del cuello uterino mediante ácido acético al 4-5 % (IVA y Lugol (IVSL contribuyen a detectar lesiones. Este constituye el primer reporte de su uso en Cuba. Objetivo: demostrar el incremento de la detección de lesiones cervicales premalignas y malignas mediante el uso de pruebas visuales en la APS. Método: estudio de casos-controles en Puerto Esperanza, Viñales, 2008. Universo: Mujeres de 15-64 años con relaciones sexuales penetrantes. Muestra: Mujeres con pruebas visuales y citología alterada (n1= 18 casos o no (n2= 178 controles. En Patología de Cuello se les practicó colposcopia y biopsia dirigida o por conización con asa diatérmica. Se calcularon frecuencias absolutas y relativas porcentuales y la probabilidad de detectar lesiones por las pruebas aisladas o en conjunto, además de las pruebas de rendimiento diagnóstico. Resultados: IVA e IVSL resultaron positivas en 92.9% y 79.6%, respectivamente. La probabilidad conjunta de tener lesiones fue 0.7395. Con citología alterada el 88.9 % tenía IVA+ y 77,9 % tuvo IVSL+. La colposcopia resultó positiva en el 70.9 % y la probabilidad de tener una lesión mediante pruebas visuales y la colposcopia fue 0.516. De las 136 mujeres biopsiadas resultaron útiles el 99.3%, de las cuales casi el 50 % tuvo lesiones premalignas/malignas. Las pruebas de rendimiento fueron superiores para la IVA y la IVSL que para la citología. No se detectó cáncer invasor, pero sí carcinomas in situ. Conclusión: las pruebas visuales aumentaron la cantidad de diagnósticos en 4 veces y debe generalizarse su uso.Visual examination of cervix using acetic acid up to 4-5% (VIA and Lugol's solution (VILI contribute to detect lesions. This constitutes the first report of their use in Cuba. Objective: to demonstrate the detection increase of pre-malignant and malignant cervical lesions by means of visual examination in Primary Health Care. Method: control-case studies in Puerto Esperanza, Vi

Isolation and Characterization of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Dental Pulp and Follicle

OpenAIRE

Brizuela C, Claudia; Galleguillos G, Sussy; Carrión A, Flavio; Cabrera P, Carolina; Luz C, Patricia; Inostroza S, Carolina

2013-01-01

Recientemente se ha descubierto que diversos tejidos dentales son fuente importante de Células Madre Mesenquimales (CMM). En la cavidad oral podemos encontrar CMM en la pulpa, en el folículo dental, papila y en la encía entre otros lugares. Varios estudios avalan el extenso potencial terapéutico de las CMM en terapias de regeneración. El objetivo de este estudio es aislar, cultivar células madres mesenquimales de pulpa y folículo dental humano, caracterizar su inmunofenotipo y su potencial de...

Assessment of natural enamel lesions with optical coherence tomography in comparison with microfocus x-ray computed tomography

Science.gov (United States)

Espigares, Jorge; Sadr, Alireza; Hamba, Hidenori; Shimada, Yasushi; Otsuki, Masayuki; Tagami, Junji; Sumi, Yasunori

2015-01-01

Abstract. A technology to characterize early enamel lesions is needed in dentistry. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive method that provides high-resolution cross-sectional images. The aim of this study is to compare OCT with microfocus x-ray computed tomography (μCT) for assessment of natural enamel lesions in vitro. Ten human teeth with visible white spot-like changes on the enamel smooth surface and no cavitation (ICDAS code 2) were subjected to imaging by μCT (SMX-100CT, Shimadzu) and 1300-nm swept-source OCT (Dental SS-OCT, Panasonic Health Care). In μCT, the lesions appeared as radiolucent dark areas, while in SS-OCT, they appeared as areas of increased signal intensity beneath the surface. An SS-OCT attenuation coefficient based on Beer–Lambert law could discriminate lesions from sound enamel. Lesion depth ranged from 175 to 606  μm in SS-OCT. A correlation between μCT and SS-OCT was found regarding lesion depth (R=0.81, p<0.001) and also surface layer thickness (R=0.76, p<0.005). The images obtained clinically in real time using the dental SS-OCT system are suitable for the assessment of natural subsurface lesions and their surface layer, providing comparable images to a laboratory high-resolution μCT without the use of x-ray. PMID:26158079

El cáncer cervicouterino y las lesiones precursoras: revisión bibliográfica Cervical-uterine cancer and precursor lesions: a literature review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Guillermo Sanabria Negrín

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Con el objetivo de actualizar el estado del arte sobre el cáncer cervicouterino y las lesiones precursoras se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de los artículos publicados en los últimos 5 años, y de otros originales teniendo en cuenta su nivel de evidencia médica I - II. Se utilizaron los buscadores de la biblioteca Cochrane, Dynamed, Evidence-Based Medicine Updates, New England Journal of Medicine, J Clinical Oncology, Medscape, PubMed, PubMed Central y artículos de la Agencia Internacional del Cáncer de Francia. Se revisaron los siguientes aspectos: Definiciones, epidemiología, etiología, factores de riesgo, citología, colposcopia, histopatología, clasificaciones, estadios clínicos, tratamientos, prevención, promoción de salud y problemas sociales. El cáncer cervicouterino es una enfermedad prevenible y curable, multifactorial, trasmitida sexualmente por el Virus del Papiloma Humano, con alta incidencia y prevalencia, y a pesar de los programas de pesquisaje continúa siendo un problema de salud. Se necesita de monitoreo permanente del programa de detección precoz en todos los ámbitos y alternativas de pesquisaje, adecuadas localmente a las necesidades, y de fuertes prevención y tratamiento para poder disminuir la carga social y económica que de este problema se derivan.Aimed at knowing the state of the art of cervical-uterine cancer and precursor lesions a literature review was carried out supported on the articles published in the last five years and from other original sources considering the levels I-II of medical evidences. Health information sources from Cochrane, Dynamed, Evidence-Based Medicine Updates, New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of Clinical Oncology, Medscape, PubMed, Central PubMed and French International Cancer Agency were used to revise the following aspects: definitions, epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, cytology, colposcopy, histopathology, classifications, clinical stages, treatments

Comportamiento de las comunicaciones bucosinusales por extracciones dentarias en la atencion primaria de salud Behavior of bucco-sinus communications due to dental extractions in Primary Health Care

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Consuelo Paredes Suárez

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una investigación aplicada del tipo de estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, longitudinal, con el propósito de determinar el comportamiento de las comunicaciones buco-sinusales en la atención primaria de salud, en el municipio Maracaibo, Estado Zulia en el período comprendido de diciembre 2006 a diciembre de 2008. El universo estuvo constituido por todos los pacientes que asistieron a la consulta, solicitando una extracción dentaria en el maxilar superior; la muestra estuvo constituida por los 38 pacientes que tuvieron una comunicación buco-sinusal como complicación de la extracción dentaria, incluidas solo las iatrogénicas traumáticas y accidentales y las asociadas a otras patologías. Los datos se recogieron de las historias clínicas individuales y de un formulario confeccionado al efecto, se utilizaron como indicadores los números absolutos y por cientos, se confeccionaron tablas y gráficos estadísticos para una mejor interpretación de los resultados. Dentro de los principales resultados, el sexo femenino fue el mayormente afectado y el grupo de edad de 35-59 años en ambos sexos, la exodoncia del primer y segundo molar superior izquierdo resultó la que más incidió, las comunicaciones iatrogénicas traumáticas dominaron por su frecuencia. Las comunicaciones buco sinusales inmediatas resultaron mayoritarias y el tratamiento médico-quirúrgico fue el más utilizado, siendo el tratamiento inmediato el de mayor éxito terapéutico. La diversidad de criterios en cuanto al diagnóstico y tratamiento de esta complicación de la extracción dentaria, el manejo inadecuado en la atención primaria, la estrategia inmediata de formar Estomatólogos Generales integrales de perfil amplio, se considera importante buscar puntos comunes, aunar criterios y definir conductas terapéuticas.An applied type, descriptive, retrospective and longitudinal study was conducted to determine the behavior of bucco-sinus communications in

Treatment of a Periodontic-Endodontic Lesion in a Patient with Aggressive Periodontitis.

Science.gov (United States)

Fahmy, Mina D; Luepke, Paul G; Ibrahim, Mohamed S; Guentsch, Arndt

2016-01-01

Case Description. This case report describes the successful management of a left mandibular first molar with a combined periodontic-endodontic lesion in a 35-year-old Caucasian woman with aggressive periodontitis using a concerted approach including endodontic treatment, periodontal therapy, and a periodontal regenerative procedure using an enamel matrix derivate. In spite of anticipated poor prognosis, the tooth lesion healed. This case report also discusses the rationale behind different treatment interventions. Practical Implication. Periodontic-endodontic lesions can be successfully treated if dental professionals follow a concerted treatment protocol that integrates endodontic and periodontic specialties. General dentists can be the gatekeepers in managing these cases.

Treatment of a Periodontic-Endodontic Lesion in a Patient with Aggressive Periodontitis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mina D. Fahmy

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Case Description. This case report describes the successful management of a left mandibular first molar with a combined periodontic-endodontic lesion in a 35-year-old Caucasian woman with aggressive periodontitis using a concerted approach including endodontic treatment, periodontal therapy, and a periodontal regenerative procedure using an enamel matrix derivate. In spite of anticipated poor prognosis, the tooth lesion healed. This case report also discusses the rationale behind different treatment interventions. Practical Implication. Periodontic-endodontic lesions can be successfully treated if dental professionals follow a concerted treatment protocol that integrates endodontic and periodontic specialties. General dentists can be the gatekeepers in managing these cases.

Retrospective review of pediatric oral lesions from a dental school biopsy service.

Science.gov (United States)

Shah, Suhani K; Le, Mary C; Carpenter, William M

2009-01-01

This report presents a review of the results from 5457 biopsies of patients, 0-16 years of age, received over 15 years at the University of the Pacific School of Dentistry (Pacific Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Laboratory). To carry out the largest and most up to date U.S. survey of oral specimens from children. The computerized data was retrieved and compiled for age and diagnoses. The lesions were divided by the MIND classification system into 1) Metabolic 2) Inflammatory 3) Neoplastic and 4) Developmental. Inflammatory lesions formed the largest group of biopsies (2758, 51%) followed by Developmental conditions (1928, 35%) and Neoplasms (734, 13%). Dentigerous cysts were the most common lesions, followed by the mucous retention phenomenon (mucocele). The 15 most frequently occurring lesions accounted for 80% of all biopsies. Eight malignancies and 22 benign aggressive tumors were also included. 1. Pathoses increase with age. 2. Results from our study are similar to most of the other studies. 3. More serious pathoses occur in some countries where there is limited access to care, resulting in patients seeking care only when symptomatic. 4. Oral malignancies are rare, but as with any malignancy, early diagnosis renders a more favorable prognosis.

Prótesis dental en el paciente anciano: aspectos relevantes

OpenAIRE

Almeida, Erika Oliveira de; Silva, Eulália Maria Martins da; Falcón Antenucci, Rosse Mary; Freitas Junior, Amílcar Chagas

2014-01-01

Para el paciente anciano la prótesis dental es una integradora familiar, social, mantenedora de la salud general y elevadora de la expectativa de vida. Algunos cambios fisiológicos, patológicos y funcionales que ocurren con los elementos dentales en la tercera edad pueden repercutir en el tratamiento protésico. La siguiente revisión de literatura destaca los aspectos  fundamentales que deben ser considerados en el tratamiento protésico de pacientes ancianos. Se destacan las particularidades d...

Education About Dental Hygienists' Roles in Public Dental Prevention Programs: Dental and Dental Hygiene Students' and Faculty Members' and Dental Hygienists' Perspectives.

Science.gov (United States)

Pervez, Anushey; Kinney, Janet S; Gwozdek, Anne; Farrell, Christine M; Inglehart, Marita R

2016-09-01

In 2005, Public Act No. 161 (PA 161) was passed in Michigan, allowing dental hygienists to practice in approved public dental prevention programs to provide services for underserved populations while utilizing a collaborative agreement with a supervising dentist. The aims of this study were to assess how well dental and dental hygiene students and faculty members and practicing dental hygienists have been educated about PA 161, what attitudes and knowledge about the act they have, and how interested they are in additional education about it. University of Michigan dental and dental hygiene students and faculty members, students in other Michigan dental hygiene programs, and dental hygienists in the state were surveyed. Respondents (response rate) were 160 dental students (50%), 63 dental hygiene students (82%), 30 dental faculty members (26%), and 12 dental hygiene faculty members (52%) at the University of Michigan; 143 dental hygiene students in other programs (20%); and 95 members of the Michigan Dental Hygienists' Association (10%). The results showed that the dental students were less educated about PA 161 than the dental hygiene students, and the dental faculty members were less informed than the dental hygiene faculty members and dental hygienists. Responding dental hygiene faculty members and dental hygienists had more positive attitudes about PA 161 than did the students and dental faculty members. Most of the dental hygiene faculty members and dental hygienists knew a person providing services in a PA 161 program. Most dental hygiene students, faculty members, and dental hygienists wanted more education about PA 161. Overall, the better educated about the program the respondents were, the more positive their attitudes, and the more interested they were in learning more.

Una historia de éxito: nuevas reglas y menos lesiones en la Lucha Leonesa (2006-2012)

OpenAIRE

Fernández Villa, Tania; Martín Sánchez, Vicente; Ayán Pérez, Carlos; Molina de la Torre, Antonio; García Robles, Héctor; Álvarez Álvarez, María; Delgado Rodríguez, Miguel

2013-01-01

Introducción El objetivo de nuestro estudio es analizar la efectividad de un cambio de reglamento en la incidencia de lesiones de Lucha Leonesa. Material y métodos Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo (2006-2007) y prospectivo (2008-2012). La población estudiada comprendió todos los luchadores masculinos de más de 16 años que participaron en las Ligas de Invierno en las temporadas del 2006-2012. Se recogieron datos sobre el número, la localización y la severidad de las lesiones, c...

Especies de Malassezia aisladas de pacientes con lesiones dermatológicas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sandra Rincón

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Introducción. Las levaduras del género Malassezia forman parte de la flora normal de la piel y se asocian con varios tipos de lesiones dermatológicas. Desde 1996, la descripción de nuevas especies dentro de este género planteó numerosos interrogantes sobre su epidemiología y patogenicidad. Objetivo. El fin de este trabajo fue encontrar la frecuencia de las diferentes especies de Malassezia en individuos con pitiriasis versicolor, dermatitis atópica, dermatitis seborreica, dermatitis seborreica en pacientes positivos para VIH, y en individuos sin lesiones a partir de tres zonas corporales (cabeza, tórax, extremidades inferiores y superiores. Materiales y métodos. Se identificaron 154 aislamientos de especies de Malassezia de 112 individuos: 39 con dermatitis seborreica de los cuales 20 eran positivos para VIH, 18 con pitiriasis versicolor, 18 con dermatitis atópica y 37 individuos sin lesión dermatológica (controles. Las escamas de piel de los pacientes se observaron microscópicamente y las muestras de pacientes y controles se cultivaron en agar Dixon modificado. Posteriormente, se observaron las colonias y se identificaron según sus características macroscópicas, microscópicas y fisiológicas. Resultados. Las especies más frecuentemente aisladas en el total de los grupos estudiados fueron: Malassezia globosa (37,5%, M. sympodialis (31,3% y M. furfur (31,3%. M. globosa predominó en los aislamientos de pacientes con pitiriasis versicolor (67% y en pacientes positivos para VIH con dermatitis seborreica (85%. En pacientes con dermatitis atópica y dermatitis seborreica sin diagnóstico de VIH, se aislaron M. furfur y M. restricta en el 72% y el 26% de los casos, respectivamente. Conclusiones. Las diferentes especies de Malassezia pueden aislarse de pacientes con lesiones dermatológicas o sin ellas. Además, la frecuencia de especies en la población muestreada difiere de lo reportado en otras zonas geográficas. Se destaca la

Characteristics, Detection Methods and Treatment of Questionable Occlusal Carious Lesions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Makhija, S.K.; Gilbert, G.H.; Funkhouser, E.

2014-01-01

. The objective of this report has been to quantify the characteristics of these common lesions, the diagnostic aids used and the treatment of QOC. A total of 82 dentist and hygienist practitioner-investigators from the USA and Denmark in the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network participated. When...... consenting patients presented with a QOC, information was recorded about the patient, tooth, lesion and treatments. A total of 2,603 QOC from 1,732 patients were analyzed. The lesions were usually associated with a fissure, on molars, and varied from yellow to black in color. Half presented with a chalky...... luster and had a rough surface when examined with an explorer. There was an association between color and luster: 10% were chalky-light, 47% were shiny-dark and 42% were mixtures. A higher proportion of chalky than of shiny lesions were light (22 vs. 9%; p color were less common...

Las úlceras por presión en gerontología: prevalencia y variables definitorias de las lesiones y pacientes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paola Carbonell-Fornés

2015-06-01

Full Text Available La prevalencia de las úlceras por presión en ancianos institucionalizados es un tema preocupante en la elaboración de los planes de cuidados de enfermería. Las úlceras por presión son el resultado de un conjunto de factores: encamamiento prolongado, movilidad reducida, malnutrición, alteraciones fisiológicas, incontinencia, etc. Deseamos conocer y especificar las características de los pacientes con úlceras por presión, así como los aspectos relacionados con las estrategias y prácticas actuales de prevención de las mismas en los pacientes de un centro sociosanitario. Hemos realizado un estudio observacional, descriptivo de prevalencia retrospectivo. La recogida de datos se realizó en el periodo de un año (septiembre de 2012-septiembre de 2013. Para el cálculo de la epidemiología de las úlceras por presión se utilizaron directrices de clasificación e indicadores epidemiológicos recomendados por el GNEAUPP. Según el diseño del estudio, se utilizaron diversos estadísticos descriptivos: valores de frecuencia, medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión, así como tablas de contingencia. Se estudió una muestra de 191 pacientes, de los cuales 56 eran hombres y 135 mujeres, con una media de edad de 83 años y una desviación típica de 14,23. Se estudió la prevalencia de padecer úlceras por presión, se contrastó con diferentes factores predisponentes y se estudió el comportamiento de estos con las medidas de prevención. Es importante realizar estudios de prevalencia sistemática y periódicamente para conocer su importancia real a todos los niveles y poder abordar políticas eficaces y eficientes de tratamiento y prevención.

FACTORES PSICOLÓGICOS Y LESIONES DEPORTIVAS EN LUCHA OLÍMPICA Y TAEKWONDO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosendo Berengüí Gil

2011-03-01

Full Text Available ResumenEn los últimos años ha aumentado el interés por el estudio de la relación entre las variables psicológicas y las lesiones deportivas. Considerando éstas como acontecimientos negativos e inevitables en el contexto deportivo, en el presente estudio abordamos dos disciplinas que tradicionalmente han registrado altas cifras de incidencia, lucha olímpica y  taekwondo. Con una muestra de 34 deportistas de ambas modalidades, los resultados más destacados indican puntuaciones similares, aunque algo superiores en todas las escalas del IPED (Inventario Psicológico de Ejecución Deportiva en los practicantes de taekwondo, si bien no se obtienen diferencias estadísticamente significativas, al igual que en la comparación entre deportistas internacionales y competidores nacionales. El índice de lesión es de 2,42 lesiones por deportista y temporada en lucha, y de 2,60 en taekwondo, y se aprecian diferencias estadísticamente significativas (pPalabras clave: Lesiones deportivas, lucha olímpica, taekwondo, psicología del deporte.

Prevalence and risk factors of dental erosion in American children.

Science.gov (United States)

Habib, Mariam; Hottel, Timothy L; Hong, Liang

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of dental erosion in children aged 2-4 years old and 12 years old. 243 subjects were recruited from daycare centers, preschools, and grade schools; they received dental examinations assessing their condition of dental erosion, including both depth and area of tooth surface loss on four maxillary incisors. Questionnaires were given to the subjects to obtain socio-demographic, oral health behaviors at home, and access to dental care. Dental erosion was analyzed and risk factors were assessed using Chi-Square and logistic regression analysis. The subjects were 60% Caucasians, 31% Black, 7% Hispanic and others were 2%. 34% of children could not get the dental care they needed within the past 12 months and 61% of all children brushed their teeth twice or more daily. Overall, 12% of study children had dental erosion with 13% for 2-4 years old and 10% for 12 years old, with the majority of erosive lesions within enamel. Family income (OR 3.98, p = 0.021) and acidic fruit juice consumption (OR 2.38, p = 0.038) were significant risk factors for dental erosion, even after controlling for other factors, such as source of drinking water and oral hygiene using logistic regression analysis. Dental erosion is a relatively common problem among the children in this study and it is seen as a multi-factorial process.

Evaluación del efecto citotóxico de una resina dental a base de siloranos sobre fibroblastos L929

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Milena Guerrero F

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Las resinas dentales basadas en siloranos, son el resultado de la unión química de siloxanos y oxiranos. Dentro del proceso de evolución de las resinas, se han modificado sus formulaciones para optimizar sus propiedades físicas, mecánicas y estéticas. Sin embargo, aún presentan problemas como la contracción de polimerización, problemas alérgicos y toxicológicos. Objetivo: Determinar el potencial efecto citotóxico de las resinas a base de siloranos sobre la viabilidad celular en un cultivo de fibroblastos de la línea L929. Metodología: Se estudió la exposición de fibroblastos de ratón L929 a resinas dentales a base de siloranos Filtek p90 y metacrilatos Filtek p60 en tres tiempos de fotocurado durante 6 días. Se evaluó el efecto sobre la viabilidad celular mediante pruebas de exclusión vital, micrografías electrónicas y composición elemental de superficie (Mg, Na, K y Ca por ESEM/EDAX. Resultados: La resina Filtek p90 mostró un mayor efecto citotóxico a tiempos de fotocurado prolongados (20 segundos o más respecto a la resina Filtek p60. El efecto resultó más marcado para 20 segundos de fotocurado, ya que las concentraciones de Ca y K en la superficie celular fueron las más afectadas. Conclusiones: La resina dental Filtek p90 ejerce un efecto citotóxico relativamente bajo sobre las células de fibroblastos L929 (p <0.01. Su uso en la práctica odontológica se puede considerar bioseguro, pero un tiempo de fotocurado prolongado con la resina dental a base de siloranos puede afectar significativamente la viabilidad de los tejidos dentales

A tissue-dependent hypothesis of dental caries.

Science.gov (United States)

Simón-Soro, A; Belda-Ferre, P; Cabrera-Rubio, R; Alcaraz, L D; Mira, A

2013-01-01

Current understanding of dental caries considers this disease a demineralization of the tooth tissues due to the acid produced by sugar-fermenting microorganisms. Thus, caries is considered a diet- and pH-dependent process. We present here the first metagenomic analysis of the bacterial communities present at different stages of caries development, with the aim of determining whether the bacterial composition and biochemical profile are specific to the tissue affected. The data show that microbial composition at the initial, enamel-affecting stage of caries is significantly different from that found at subsequent stages, as well as from dental plaque of sound tooth surfaces. Although the relative proportion of Streptococcus mutans increased from 0.12% in dental plaque to 0.72% in enamel caries, Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus sanguinis were the dominant streptococci in these lesions. The functional profile of caries-associated bacterial communities indicates that genes involved in acid stress tolerance and dietary sugar fermentation are overrepresented only at the initial stage (enamel caries), whereas other genes coding for osmotic stress tolerance as well as collagenases and other proteases enabling dentin degradation are significantly overrepresented in dentin cavities. The results support a scenario in which pH and diet are determinants of the disease during the degradation of enamel, but in dentin caries lesions not only acidogenic but also proteolytic bacteria are involved. We propose that caries disease is a process of varying etiology, in which acid-producing bacteria are the vehicle to penetrate enamel and allow dentin degrading microorganisms to expand the cavity. © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel.

[Oral medicine 9. Lichen planus and lichenoid lesions of the oral mucosa].

Science.gov (United States)

van der Meij, E H; Schepman, K P; de Visscher, J G A M

2013-09-01

The general dentist is sometimes confronted with white lesions of the oral mucosa. Oral lichen planus is the most common oral white lesion. The diagnosis can usually be made on the basis of the clinical aspect, but is sometimes made more difficult by certain abnormalities in the oral mucosa which clinically resemble oral lichen planus or by abnormalities which cannot be distinguished from oral lichen planus but have a different origin. Those lesions are classified as oral lichenoid lesions. Malignant deterioration has been described in allforms of oral lichen planus lesions and oral lichenoid lesions. There is no known method to predict or prevent malignant transformation. Nor are there any studies examining the efficacy of frequent follow-up visits. It seems sensible, in keeping with the tendency in recent literature, to schedule annual check-ups for patients to be on the safe side. These follow-up visits may reasonably be performed in a general dental practice.

Diagnóstico y epidemiología de erosión dental Diagnosis and epidemiology of dental erosion

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Claudia Fajardo Santacruz

2011-08-01

Full Text Available La erosión dental es la pérdida localizada, crónica y patológica de tejido duro dental. Ésta es causada por soluciones químicas las cuales entran en contacto con los dientes. La apariencia de los dientes erosionados es suave, sedosa y brillante, a veces mate, la superficie del esmalte tiene una ausencia de periquimatíes y esmalte intacto en el margen gingival. Se ha hipotetizado que la banda de esmalte preservado a lo largo del margen vestibular y lingual pudiera ser debido a que algunos remanentes de placa podían actuar como una barrera de difusión para los ácidos. Un diagnóstico temprano de este daño del tejido duro dental es de importancia clínica. El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar algunos aspectos básicos de erosión dental en términos de diagnóstico y epidemiología. Este documento enfatiza sobre factores de riesgo extrínsecos los cuales son discutidos con respecto a su relevancia para el desarrollo de erosión dental. Salud UIS 2011; 43 (2: 179-189Dental erosion is a pathologic, chronic, localized loss of dental hard tissue. It is caused by chemical solutions which come into contact with the teeth. The appearance of eroded teeth is smoothing, silky-glazed, sometimes dull, the enamel surface has an absence of perikymata and intact enamel on the gingival margin. It has been hypothesized that the preserved enamel band along the oral and facial gingival margin could be due to some plaque remnants could act as a diffusion barrier for acids. Early diagnosis of this damage of dental hard tissue is of clinical importance. The aim of this article is to show some basic aspects of dental erosion in terms of diagnosis and epidemiology. This paper emphasize on extrinsic risk factors which are discussed with respect to their relevance for the development of dental erosion. Salud UIS 2011; 43 (2: 179-189

Complex dental anomalies in a belatedly diagnosed cleidocranial dysplasia patient

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lu, Hui; Zeng, Bing Hui; Yu, Dong Sheng; Jing, Xiang Yi; Hu, Bin; Zhao, Wei; Wang, Yi Ming

2015-01-01

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a rare congenital disorder, typically characterized by persistently open skull sutures, aplastic or hypoplastic clavicles, and supernumerary teeth. Mutations in the gene encoding the runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) protein are responsible for approximately two thirds of CCD patients. We report a 20-year-old CCD patient presenting not only with typical skeletal changes, but also complex dental anomalies. A previously undiagnosed odontoma, 14 supernumerary teeth, a cystic lesion, and previously unreported fused primary teeth were discovered on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. Mutation analysis identified the causal c.578G>A (p.R193Q) mutation in the RUNX2 gene. At 20 years of age, the patient had already missed the optimal period for dental intervention. This report describes the complex dental anomalies in a belatedly diagnosed CCD patient, and emphasizes the significance of CBCT assessment for the detection of dental anomalies and the importance of early treatment to achieve good outcomes

Complex dental anomalies in a belatedly diagnosed cleidocranial dysplasia patient

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lu, Hui; Zeng, Bing Hui; Yu, Dong Sheng; Jing, Xiang Yi; Hu, Bin; Zhao, Wei; Wang, Yi Ming [Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou (China)

2015-09-15

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a rare congenital disorder, typically characterized by persistently open skull sutures, aplastic or hypoplastic clavicles, and supernumerary teeth. Mutations in the gene encoding the runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) protein are responsible for approximately two thirds of CCD patients. We report a 20-year-old CCD patient presenting not only with typical skeletal changes, but also complex dental anomalies. A previously undiagnosed odontoma, 14 supernumerary teeth, a cystic lesion, and previously unreported fused primary teeth were discovered on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. Mutation analysis identified the causal c.578G>A (p.R193Q) mutation in the RUNX2 gene. At 20 years of age, the patient had already missed the optimal period for dental intervention. This report describes the complex dental anomalies in a belatedly diagnosed CCD patient, and emphasizes the significance of CBCT assessment for the detection of dental anomalies and the importance of early treatment to achieve good outcomes.

Immediate implants in extraction sockets with periapical lesions: an illustrated review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arthur B. Novaes Jr.

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Aim Immediate implantation has gained great attention since first proposed. Immediate implants in replacement of teeth with periapical lesion is, to date, an issue of discussion. The aim of this study is to perform an illustrated literature review of immediate implants in sockets exhibiting previous periapical lesions.Materials and methods A search on medline/EMBASE database was done for the literature review which is presented together with two case reports illustrating the state of the art of immediate implants on sockets with periapical lesions. Both cases are presented in areas with great aesthetic demands and a periapical lesion of considerable size. The two cases were conducted following strict granulation tissue removal and careful rinsing and pre-operative antibiotics, followed by good primary stability of the dental implant.Results and conclusion Both cases represented successes in aesthetics and function, describing a successful protocol for immediate implant installation in areas exhibiting periapical lesions.

Evaluation of untreated dental caries in children with PUFA index

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nagehan Aktaş

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Objective: Tooth decay continues to come up as a serious health problem particularly in developing countries. Limited number of studies investigated the prevalence of complication of untreated dental caries as abscess, fistula and ulceration. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of the clinical consequences of untreated dental caries among a group of children. Materials and Method: The study was conducted on 1200 children with ages between 5-12 years in the Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, GaziUniversity between the dates 1-31 March 2012. Caries in deciduous and permanent teeth were scored using DMFT/dmft and PUFA/pufa indexes (D/d: decayed, M/m: missing, F/f: filled, P/p: carious lesion with pulpal involvement, U/u: ulceration of the mucosa due to root fragments, F/f: fistula, A/a: abscess. Results: DMFT index was 2.34 ± 1.37 and dmft index was 4.25 ± 3.46. The prevalence of PUFA/pufa for permanent and deciduous teeth was 2.30% and 22.25%, respectively. The highest score in both permanent and deciduous teeth was caries lesions with pulpal involvement (%11.24 for deciduous teeth and %1.67 for permanent teeth. This was followed by abscess and fistula formation. Conclusion: The prevalence of clinical consequences of untreated dental caries was high for deciduous teeth in the selected population. The PUFA/pufa index is seen as an epidemiological tool complementary to the existing caries index aimed to assess dental caries.

Efecto de dos agentes remineralizantes en lesiones de mancha blanca: Estudio in Vitro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Grace Maribel Chicaiza Naranjo

2016-07-01

Full Text Available La caries dental continúa siendo la enfermedad con mayor prevalencia en el mundo, es importante diagnosticarla y tratarla desde su estadio inicial de mancha blanca ya que es una lesión reversible. La aparición de nuevos materiales como el fosfopéptido de caseína- estabilizado de fosfato de calcio amorfo (Recaldent para remineralizar las manchas blancas nos brindan más opciones terapéuticas en Odontopediatria. Objetivo: Evaluar in-vitro la remineralización de la mancha blanca a partir de la aplicación de las pastas dentales a base de Recaldent: Mi Paste y Mi Paste Plus en dientes temporales. Materiales y métodos: Fueron utilizados 30 dientes temporales sanos obtenidos por movilidad fisiológica, divididos en Grupo A 15 dientes, Grupo B 15 dientes, en ambos grupos se generó la mancha blanca con un agente desmineralizante, para la remineralización  al grupo A se le aplicó Mi Paste, al grupo B Mi Paste Plus, se evaluó el grado de desmineralización y remineralización mediante un láser, Diagnodent, después de 10 días de la aplicación de las pastas dentales. Resultados: Se demostró que en ambos grupos existió remineralización de la mancha blanca, 14.73 grados de fluorescencia con Mi Paste y 15.67 grados con Mi Paste Plus, siendo mayor el grupo B. Conclusión: Concluyendo que, si existe remineralización de la mancha blanca a partir de la aplicación de pasta dental, Mi Paste y Mi Paste Plus con derivados de la caseína (Recaldent en dientes temporales, estudio in vitro. Logrando mejores resultados al utilizar Mi Paste Plus. 

Prevención de lesiones en esquí

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dr. V. Roberto Negrín

2012-05-01

El presente artículo muestra cómo algunas medidas de prevención como evitar conductas riesgosas, condición física, uso de equipo adecuado y ajuste de fijaciones pueden disminuir las lesiones del esquí.

ANTIMICROBIAL TREATMENT BEFORE DENTAL PROCEDURES IN PATIENTS WITH BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adriana Krasteva

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Infective endocarditis is a rare condition with significant morbidity and mortality. It may arise following bacteraemia in a patient with a predisposing cardiac lesion. In an attempt to prevent this disease, over the past 50 years, at-risk patients have been given antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedures.

Dilemma of managing multi-surface dental caries in the primary ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Background: A lot of research work has been carried out to determine the effectiveness of using atraumatic restorative treatment (ART ) in the management of dental caries, but there are still unresolved issues surrounding the use of the technique particularly in very large carious lesions. Objective: To determine the current ...

Lesiones orofaciales por tendedero de ropa: caso clínico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M.F. Lloret

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 27 años de edad que sufrió un mecanismo de lesión poco descrito en la literatura: lesiones orofaciales por línea de tendedero de ropa. La morbi-mortalidad de este tipo de lesiones es elevada, ya que en algunos casos afectan estructuras vitales. Son además un reto para la reconstrucción y deben ser evaluadas de forma multidisciplinaria ya que la atención urgente que se preste a las lesiones más evidentes puede enmascarar el diagnóstico oportuno y el tratamiento de otras igualmente lesiones igualmente graves.

Cómo evitar fracasos en prótesis dental parcial removible

OpenAIRE

Giraldo R, Olga Lucía

2008-01-01

Una prótesis dental parcial removible constituye una modalidad terapéutica para restaurar rebordes edéntulos parciales, donde una prótesis parcial fija no está indicada. La prótesis dental parcial removible, aunque es un excelente medio para reemplazar dientes perdidos, puede ser una seria amenaza para los dientes remanentes, por los posibles efectos de palanca que ejerce sobre las estructuras dentarias, cuando no se planea adecuadamente. La preservación de los dientes remanentes y la maximiz...

DISTURBIOS PRAXICOS EN LESIONES FOCALES DE LOS HEMISFERIOS CEREBRALES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Murillo Duran

2007-01-01

Full Text Available El propósito de este trabajo es analizar la dificultad paraxial, es decir, los desórdenes funcionales en el movimiento resultado de lesiones cerebrales del tejido fino. De acuerdo con la literatura sobre la materia, se ha aceptado la definición de la apraxia como la inhabilidad en ejecutar correctamente tareas cinéticas, sin la debilitación o la pérdida de motricidad o de funciones sensoriales o la ataxia como condicionante de tal inhabilidad". La "ejecución apropiada" utilizada en esta definición considera no solamente el efecto de la acción, también los medios de su realización. Las "tareas cinéticas" significan todos los aspectos de la actividad motora definidos por las instrucciones, independientes del tipo de instrucción (verbal o los gestos, y sin importar si lograron el efecto final imitando el movimiento del investigador o si fueron realizadas independientemente. La metodología se ha basado en principio en los trabajos de A.R.Luria.. Las discusiones fueron basadas en los resultados de la investigación que comprendían a 90 pacientes con lesiones cerebrales focales. En cincuenta casos, los cambios fueron localizados en el hemisferio cerebral izquierdo, en cuarenta casos en el hemisferio derecho. Los resultados alcanzaron permiten formar la opinión que no todas las pruebas generalmente aceptadas que investigan praxia en personas con lesiones cerebrales son solucionadas favorablemente por individuos sanos; así, una ejecución deficiente no se debe mirar siempre como muestra del funcionamiento patológico del tejido fino cerebral como resultado de la lesión.

Oral Lesions: The Clue to Diagnosis of Pemphigus Vulgaris.

Science.gov (United States)

Kuriachan, Diana; Suresh, Rakesh; Janardhanan, Mahija; Savithri, Vindhya

2015-01-01

Pemphigus is a group of potentially fatal dermatoses with both cutaneous and oral manifestations. Characterized by the appearance of vesicle or bullae, their manifestations in the oral cavity often precede those on the skin by many months or may remain as the only symptoms of the disease. It is therefore important that the oral manifestations of the disease are recognized on time, to make a proper diagnosis and initiate timely treatment. Here we present a case of Pemphigus Vulgaris (PV) that presented with oral lesions at multiple sites including tongue, to highlight the importance of timely recognition of the oral lesions during routine dental practice for the diagnosis and management of this disease.

Oral Lesions: The Clue to Diagnosis of Pemphigus Vulgaris

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diana Kuriachan

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Pemphigus is a group of potentially fatal dermatoses with both cutaneous and oral manifestations. Characterized by the appearance of vesicle or bullae, their manifestations in the oral cavity often precede those on the skin by many months or may remain as the only symptoms of the disease. It is therefore important that the oral manifestations of the disease are recognized on time, to make a proper diagnosis and initiate timely treatment. Here we present a case of Pemphigus Vulgaris (PV that presented with oral lesions at multiple sites including tongue, to highlight the importance of timely recognition of the oral lesions during routine dental practice for the diagnosis and management of this disease.

Patologías dentales en incisivos, caninos y primer premolar en caballos chilenos adultos Dental pathologies in incisors, canines and first premolar in adult Chilean horses

OpenAIRE

L Muñoz; F Vidal; O Sepúlveda; O Ortiz; C Rehhof

2010-01-01

Las patologías dentales han ido tomando mayor relevancia clínico veterinaria, aumentando el número de consultas, tratamientos y procedimientos preventivos. En caballos chilenos, la información existente de patologías dentales es nula, por lo que se hace primordial la investigación y recolección de datos en esta raza. Se analizaron 100 caballos pertenecientes a la Asociación de Rodeo Concepción, entre los meses de junio y septiembre del año 2007. Los materiales que se utilizaron fueron puro, l...

Rodilla y deporte: lesiones deportivas en las rodillas

OpenAIRE

Gastaldi Orquín, Enrique

2011-01-01

La práctica de actividades deportivas se ha convertido en un fenómeno emergente que se incorpora de forma generalizada al estilo de vida propio de las sociedades desarrolladas, probablemente como consecuencia de la reorientación de hábitos hacia estilos de vida saludables. La práctica de deporte es una actividad saludable; pero no está exenta de riesgos durante el desarrollo del ejercicio, no sólo por mecanismos externos; sino también por mecanismos específicos y propios de la realización ...

[A case of liver abscess due to Streptococcus anginosus infection secondary to a dental extraction].

Science.gov (United States)

Iwashita, Hideyuki; Matsui, Noriaki; Tsukamoto, Shinji; Funakoshi, Sadahiro; Yamaguchi, Masashi; Kabemura, Teppei; Sohda, Tetsuro; Sakisaka, Shotaro

2015-08-01

A 74-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of a high fever. He had undergone a dental extraction about 1 month prior to admission because of apical periodontitis. Imaging study revealed liver abscess lesions. Infection with Streptococcus anginosus was confirmed using both stab and blood culture. An adequate selection of antibiotics was administered, and a good outcome was obtained. There have been no case reports of liver abscess caused by intraoral commensal flora related to dental extraction in healthy adults. This case shows that liver abscesses can occur secondary to dental extractions, even in healthy adults.

Prevalence of ciliated epithelium in apical periodontitis lesions.

Science.gov (United States)

Ricucci, Domenico; Loghin, Simona; Siqueira, José F; Abdelsayed, Rafik A

2014-04-01

This article reports on the morphologic features and the frequency of ciliated epithelium in apical cysts and discusses its origin. The study material consisted of 167 human apical periodontitis lesions obtained consecutively from patients presenting for treatment during a period of 12 years in a dental practice operated by one of the authors. All of the lesions were obtained still attached to the root apices of teeth with untreated (93 lesions) or treated canals (74 lesions). The former were obtained by extraction and the latter by extraction or apical surgery. Specimens were processed for histopathologic and histobacteriologic analyses. Lesions were classified, and the type of epithelium, if present, was recorded. Of the lesions analyzed, 49 (29%) were diagnosed as cysts. Of these, 26 (53%) were found in untreated teeth, and 23 (47%) related to root canal-treated teeth. Ciliated columnar epithelium was observed partially or completely lining the cyst wall in 4 cysts, and all of them occurred in untreated maxillary molars. Three of these lesions were categorized as pocket cysts, and the other was a true cyst. Ciliated columnar epithelium-lined cysts corresponded to approximately 2% of the apical periodontitis lesions and 8% of the cysts of endodontic origin in the population studied. This epithelium is highly likely to have a sinus origin in the majority of cases. However, the possibility of prosoplasia or upgraded differentiation into ciliated epithelium from the typical cystic lining squamous epithelium may also be considered. Copyright © 2014 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Influence of Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus on Dental Caries and Salivary Flow.

Science.gov (United States)

Gupta, V K; Malhotra, Seema; Sharma, Vasuda; Hiremath, S S

2014-01-01

Objective. To assess whether or not there was any change in the dental caries and rate of salivary flow of patients with Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) and the contribution of salivary flow to caries risk in IDDM. Setting. Department of Endocrinology, MS Ramaiah Hospital, Bangalore, India. Design. A comparative cross-sectional descriptive type. Materials and Methods. The sample consisted of two groups: 140 diabetic group (mean age 14.8 yr) and 140 nondiabetic group (mean age 13.7 yr). Dental caries by dmf(t) and dmf(s) indices for primary dentition and DMF(T) and DMF(S) indices was used in permanent dentition to assess the dental caries experience. Both stimulated and unstimulated salivary flow rate were assessed after collection of saliva. Results. In diabetic group 76% had carious lesion and in nondiabetic group 85.3% had carious lesion. Diabetics have lower mean DMFT, DMFS, dmft, and dmfs compared to the nondiabetic group. Diminished unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rate in diabetic than nondiabetic group. Conclusions. The findings obtained conclude that even though there was reduced salivary flow rate in diabetic group the caries prevalence was low.

The Influence of Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus on Dental Caries and Salivary Flow

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

V. K. Gupta

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Objective. To assess whether or not there was any change in the dental caries and rate of salivary flow of patients with Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM and the contribution of salivary flow to caries risk in IDDM. Setting. Department of Endocrinology, MS Ramaiah Hospital, Bangalore, India. Design. A comparative cross-sectional descriptive type. Materials and Methods. The sample consisted of two groups: 140 diabetic group (mean age 14.8 yr and 140 nondiabetic group (mean age 13.7 yr. Dental caries by dmf(t and dmf(s indices for primary dentition and DMF(T and DMF(S indices was used in permanent dentition to assess the dental caries experience. Both stimulated and unstimulated salivary flow rate were assessed after collection of saliva. Results. In diabetic group 76% had carious lesion and in nondiabetic group 85.3% had carious lesion. Diabetics have lower mean DMFT, DMFS, dmft, and dmfs compared to the nondiabetic group. Diminished unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rate in diabetic than nondiabetic group. Conclusions. The findings obtained conclude that even though there was reduced salivary flow rate in diabetic group the caries prevalence was low.

[Standards and guidelines of radiation protection and safety in dental X-ray examinations].

Science.gov (United States)

Guo, X L; Li, G; Cheng, Y; Yu, Q; Wang, H; Zhang, Z Y

2017-12-09

With the rapid development of imaging technology, the application of dental imaging in diagnosis, treatment planning, intraoperative surgical navigation, monitoring of treatment or lesion development and assessment of treatment outcomes is playing an essential role in oral healthcare. The increased total number of dental X-ray examinations is accompanied by a relatively significant increase in collective dose to patients as well as to dental healthcare workers, which is harmful to human bodies to a certain degree. Some radiation protection standards and guidelines in dental radiology have been published in European countries, US, Canada and Australia, etc. Adherence to these standards and guidelines helps to achieve images with diagnostic quality and avoid unnecessary and repeated exposures. However, no radiation protection standard or guideline with regard to dental X-ray examinations has been put in force so far in mainland China. Therefore, a literature review on available radiation protection standards and guidelines was conducted to provide reference to the development of radiation protection standards or guidelines in mainland China.

Study on frequency of dental developmental alterations in a Mexican school-based population.

Science.gov (United States)

Ledesma-Montes, C; Garcés-Ortíz, M; Salcido-García, J-F; Hernández-Flores, F

2016-05-01

The aim of this study was to know the distribution of dental developmental alterations in the population requesting stomatological attention at the Admission and Diagnosis Clinic of our institution in Mexico City. We reviewed the archives and selected those files with developmental dental alterations. Analyzed data were diagnoses, age, gender, location and number of involved teeth. Of the 3.522 patients reviewed, 179 (5.1%) harbored 394 developmental dental alterations. Of them, 45.2% were males and 54.8% were females with a mean age of 16.7 years. The most common were supernumeraries, dental agenesia and dilaceration. Adults were 30.7% of the patients with dental developmental alterations. In them, the most common lesions were agenesia and supernumeraries. Mesiodens was the most frequently found supernumerary teeth (14.7%). Our finding that 30.7% of the affected patients were adults is an undescribed and unusually high proportion of patients that have implications on planning and prognosis of their stomatological treatment.

Fluoruro en aguas minerales naturales envasadas en España y prevención de la caries dental

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Maraver

2015-01-01

Conclusiones: Las concentraciones de fluoruro en las aguas minerales naturales comercializadas en España muestran una gran variabilidad. Dado el creciente consumo de las aguas minerales naturales en España, este tipo de información es de suma importancia para poder hacer una correcta utilización de flúor en la prevención primaria de la caries dental.

Diabetes Enhances Dental Caries and Apical Periodontitis in Caries-Susceptible WBN/KobSlc Rats

OpenAIRE

Kodama, Yasushi; Matsuura, Masahiro; Sano, Tomoya; Nakahara, Yutaka; Ozaki, Kiyokazu; Narama, Isao; Matsuura, Tetsuro

2011-01-01

Many epidemiologic studies have suggested that diabetes may be an important risk factor for periodontal disease. To determine whether diabetes induces or enhances periodontal disease or dental caries, dental tissue from diabetic male and nondiabetic female WBN/KobSlc rats and male and female age-matched nondiabetic F344 rats was analyzed morphologically and morphometrically for these 2 types of lesions. Soft X-ray examination revealed that the incidence and severity of both molar caries and a...

Cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis related to dental infection--two case reports.

Science.gov (United States)

Okamoto, Hiroaki; Ogata, Atsushi; Kosugi, Masafumi; Takashima, Hiroshi; Sakata, Shuji; Matsushima, Toshio

2012-01-01

Two cases of cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis (CST) caused by dental infection are described. A 64-year-old woman presented with palsies of the left oculomotor and trochlear nerves after tooth extraction for dental caries in the left maxilla. A 54-year-old man presented with palsy of the left trochlear nerve, sensory disturbance in the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of the left trigeminal nerve, ptosis, proptosis, and chemosis after dental treatment for caries and periodontitis in the left maxilla. In both patients, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging with contrast medium showed non-enhanced lesions within the left cavernous sinus and dilation of the superior ophthalmic veins, which indicated CST. These conditions were resolved by administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics. CST is rare but lethal, so prompt diagnosis is crucial, and immediate appropriate treatment is essential.

Hyperspectral laser-induced autofluorescence imaging of dental caries

Science.gov (United States)

Bürmen, Miran; Fidler, Aleš; Pernuš, Franjo; Likar, Boštjan

2012-01-01

Dental caries is a disease characterized by demineralization of enamel crystals leading to the penetration of bacteria into the dentine and pulp. Early detection of enamel demineralization resulting in increased enamel porosity, commonly known as white spots, is a difficult diagnostic task. Laser induced autofluorescence was shown to be a useful method for early detection of demineralization. The existing studies involved either a single point spectroscopic measurements or imaging at a single spectral band. In the case of spectroscopic measurements, very little or no spatial information is acquired and the measured autofluorescence signal strongly depends on the position and orientation of the probe. On the other hand, single-band spectral imaging can be substantially affected by local spectral artefacts. Such effects can significantly interfere with automated methods for detection of early caries lesions. In contrast, hyperspectral imaging effectively combines the spatial information of imaging methods with the spectral information of spectroscopic methods providing excellent basis for development of robust and reliable algorithms for automated classification and analysis of hard dental tissues. In this paper, we employ 405 nm laser excitation of natural caries lesions. The fluorescence signal is acquired by a state-of-the-art hyperspectral imaging system consisting of a high-resolution acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) and a highly sensitive Scientific CMOS camera in the spectral range from 550 nm to 800 nm. The results are compared to the contrast obtained by near-infrared hyperspectral imaging technique employed in the existing studies on early detection of dental caries.

Efectividad de la terapia láser en el tratamiento de las subluxaciones por trauma dentario Effectiveness of Laser-therapy in the treatment of the dental subluxations due to traumas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kenia María Rodríguez Cabrera

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Los traumatismos dentarios y entre ellos las subluxaciones se presentan en las clínicas estomatológicas con una frecuencia cada día mayor, fundamentalmente en niños y adolescentes, por lo que buscar alternativas para el tratamiento de los diversos tipos de traumatismos dentales constituyen prioridades hoy en día. Se realizó un estudio longitudinal y prospectivo. Esta investigación se desarrolló en la Clínica Estomatológica Docente "Guamá" en colaboración con la clínica estomatológica docente "Antonio Briones Montoto" del municipio Pinar del Río, en el periodo enero 2006 - noviembre 2007. Para ello se examinó una muestra de 22 pacientes divididos en dos grupos, un grupo control y uno estudio que se trataran convencionalmente y con terapia láser respectivamente. Esta muestra se seleccionó entre los pacientes que asistieron a consulta de urgencias, con el diagnóstico subluxación por trauma dentario. Las frecuencias fueron comparadas mediante el estadígrafo X² con un nivel de significación á= 0.05, se calculó además el riesgo relativo y el atribuible. Se encontró que a los 3 días de tratamiento el mayor por ciento de pacientes tratados con láser presentaba alivio del dolor y a los 6 días más de la mitad presentaba remisión de la sintomatología y el número de complicaciones al año evolución fue mucho menor en los pacientes tratados con láser que en los pacientes tratados convencionalmente.Dental traumas and among them, subluxations, are frequently observed in the dentist's outpatient desk, mainly in children and adolescents, thus alternatives to treat the different types of dental traumas are actually prioritized. A longitudinal and prospective study was carried out at "Guama" Teaching Dentist's Clinic in association with "Antonio Briones Montoto" Dentist's Clinic in Pinar del Rio municipality during January 2006-November 2007. A sample of 22 patients divided into two groups (control and study with conventional

Effects of blue light irradiation on dental enamel remineralization in vitro

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kato, Ilka Tiemy

2009-01-01

This study aimed to investigate the effects of blue radiation on dental enamel remineralization. In addition, a methodology of analysis was developed to evaluate alterations of enamel mineral content by optical coherence tomography. Artificial lesions were formed in bovine dental enamel slabs by immersing the samples in under saturated acetate buffer (2 mL/mm 2 e 6.25 mL/mm 2 ). The lesions were irradiated with blue LED (l=455±20nm), with radiant power of 110 mW, irradiance of 1.4 W/cm 2 , radiant exposure of 13.8 J/ c m2 and exposure time of 10 s. Remineralization was induced by pH-cycling model during 8 days. Cross-sectional hardness and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were used to assess mineral changes after remineralization. Hardness data showed that non-irradiated enamel lesions presented higher mineral content than irradiated ones and this difference was more evident in lesions formed in higher solution volume. The analysis of OCT signal also demonstrated that the mineral content of non-irradiated group was higher than in irradiated one; however, no significant difference was observed. Furthermore, significant differences in OCT sign were detected between sound and demineralized enamel. Based on the results obtained in the present study it can be concluded that blue radiation caused an inhibition of enamel remineralization. The methodology adopted for OCT analysis allowed the quantification of enamel mineral loss; however, the remineralization process could not be evaluated by this technique. (author)

ANÁLISIS DESCRIPTIVO DE LA RESPUESTA DEL COMPLEJO PULPO-DENTINAL DE ÓRGANOS DENTALES DE UNA POBLACIÓN PREHISPÁNICA CAZADORA-RECOLECTORA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Clemencia Vargas Vargas

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes: El diente es de gran importancia cuando se trata de caracterizar individuos, poblaciones vivas o desaparecidas. Este componente es el que más resiste a la descomposición, debido a que al terminar su calcificación, el diente se conforma definitivamente y por tal razón no sufre ningún cambio. A excepción del desgaste mecánico o atrición y la acumulación de dentina secundaria. Objetivo: Deducir los posibles factores etiológicos que ocasionaron grandes desgastes dentales y condujeron a una rápida respuesta del complejo pulpo dentinal, en los individuos pertenecientes a una población prehispánica de cazadores-recolectores, del precerámico temprano y tardío cuya dieta era basada en alimentos fibrogénicos y abrasivos. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal donde se tomaron 15 piezas dentales, pertenecientes a dos poblaciones cazadoras-recolectoras: Precerámico temprano (Chequa y Precerámico tardío (Aguazuque.  A estos dos grupos se tomaron las muestras para realizar un análisis clínico, radiográfico y microscópico. Resultados: Disminución evidente en el tamaño de la corona clínica dental, se observaron diferentes grados de desgaste dental con exposición dentinaria delimitado por esmalte en su circunferencia. La dentina expuesta por el desgaste dental presenta un color amarillo, las superficies oclusales e incisales se presentan lisas. Ninguna de las piezas dentarias presentó signos clínicos de caries. Respecto al examen radiográfico, los datos obtenidos confirmaron los hallazgos clínicos. Conclusiones: El desgaste dental es la característica clínica que más se presentó, posiblemente asociado al consumo de alimentos fibrosos y a la fuerza imprimida en la acción masticatoria, además es agravado por partículas abrasivas que se adherían a los alimentos, durante la maceración con elementos líticos. Las estructuras dentales más afectadas por el desgaste dental corresponden al esmalte y

Best clinical practice guidance for management of early caries lesions in children and young adults

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kühnisch, J; Ekstrand, K R; Pretty, I

2016-01-01

BACKGROUND: The European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) encourages prevention and arrest of active dental caries. Therefore, the present guidance provides evidence- and clinically-based recommendations for detecting and diagnosing early/non-cavitated caries lesions, risk assessment......-invasively in the majority of cases. The spectrum of measures includes a low cariogenicity tooth-friendly diet, daily and appropriate management of the biofilm, home and within the dental office/surgery usage of fluorides as well as sealing techniques. CONCLUSION: The detection and management of non-cavitated caries...... is an essential aspect of preventive dentistry. Therefore, the EAPD encourages oral health care providers and caregivers to implement preventive practices that can arrest early caries and improve individual and public dental health....

Knowledge of postgraduate students of dental faculty of Tabriz university of medical sciences about oral cancer in 2015-2016

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Solmaz Pourzare Mehrbani

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Aim: This study was carried out with an aim to evaluate the knowledge and awareness of dental postgraduate students about risk factors, signs, and treatment plan of oral cancer in Tabriz dental college. Method and material: A questionnaire comprised of 10 questions was designed to assess the knowledge of 87 postgraduate students regarding their knowledge on oral examination, diagnosis, risk factors and treatment of oral cancer. Result: 20 out of 87 post graduate students refused to participate in the study. The response rate is 77%.The students had acceptable knowledge about risk  factors, signs and symptoms, most common oral sites and dental management of cancer patient, however  their practice about clinical provisional detection of cancerous lesions  at primary stages is  low (only 22.4%  were sure. Conclusion: Theoretical knowledge of post graduate students regarding oral cancer examination is good, however their knowledge about clinical diagnosis of early lesions is low and needed to be improved. It seems necessary to conduct educational courses systematically which helps them to diagnose precancerous lesions more confidently.   Keywords: oral cancer; Knowledge; early detection;

Proteja a sus seres queridos de las intoxicaciones

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2008-12-10

Este podcast, que forma parte de la iniciativa Proteja a sus seres queridos, aborda las medidas que pueden tomar los padres de familia para ayudar a proteger a sus niños de una intoxicación, una de las principales causas de lesiones infantiles.  Created: 12/10/2008 by National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC).   Date Released: 4/1/2009.

[Nutrition, diet and dental health--de- and remineralisation of teeth].

Science.gov (United States)

Imfeld, Thomas

2008-02-01

There is little if any evidence that nutrition during the time of tooth formation has any clinically significant effect on caries susceptibility of erupted teeth in man. Caries, erosion and demastication are not nutritional diseases. They are, however, diet-related diseases because erupted teeth are subject to local chemical and mechanical effects of the diet contacting the teeth. Caries is the result of a chronic undermining demineralisation of the teeth by organic acids that are produced by the bacteria of the dental biofilm while fermenting carbohydrates from the human diet. Dental erosion is the result of a chronic localised loss of dental hard tissue etched away from the surface by acids derived from the diet or from gastric reflux. The physicochemical grounds of de- and remineralisation of teeth are explained using detailed diagrams. Initial caries lesions without cavitation of the surface can remineralise (heal) under conditions of low cariogenic diet and good oral hygiene. However, once the surface has broken and cavitation occurred, there is no alternative to restorative dental therapy because remineralisation is no more possible.

[Analysis of etiological factors involved in noncarious cervical lesions].

Science.gov (United States)

Tomasik, Małgorzata

2006-01-01

The etiopathology of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCL) is multifactorial and still not fully understood. Tooth wear is defined as loss of dental hard tissue by a chemical or mechanical process that does not involve bacteria. This form of tooth surface loss includes attrition, abrasion, erosion, and abfraction. Noncarious cervical lesions represent loss of tooth structure at the cementoenamel junction. The purpose of this clinical study of NCCL was to analyze the etiology in relation to age and to identify the most important risk factors associated with cervical lesions, as well as patients and teeth more susceptible to NCCL with a focus on more effective treatment of this condition. The study group comprised 124 patients with NCCL, aged 15-75 years (mean = 44). A questionnaire was distributed addressing medical history--gastric disorders, dietary habits--consumption of acidic drinks, dental history, oral hygiene practices, and parafunctional habits. Clinical examination of tooth wear was performed on four tooth surfaces after air-drying. The distribution and severity of tooth wear was graded using the tooth wear index (TWI) calculated with a computer programme allowing for tooth characteristic to be determined for each decade of life. Depth of the cervical defect was measured with a periodontal probe. TWI was devised to reveal the extent of tooth surface wear irrespective of the cause. Raw scores were compared with the computer using predetermined threshold values which are set to distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable pathological levels of tooth wear for each decade of life and each tooth surface. Dentition status, oral hygiene, periodontal status, gingival recession, number of teeth and their mobility, oral symptoms of parafunction and relationship to lateral and protrusive tooth contact schemes was assessed and analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed with the Stata Statistical Software: release 5. The risk of NCCL formation was estimated with

Concordance between preoperative and postoperative assessments of primary caries lesion depth: results from the Dental PBRN

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nascimento, Marcelle M; Bader, James D; Qvist, Vibeke

2010-01-01

depths were recorded as being in the outer half (E1) or inner half (E2) of enamel, or in the outer third (D1), middle third (D2) or inner third (D3) of dentin. Most restorations were placed to treat lesions that were preoperatively assessed as extending to the D1 (53%) and D2 (25%) depths....... Of the restored caries lesions, 10% were preoperatively assessed as being limited to E2 depth and 3% to E1 depth. The majority of the restored enamel lesions were located on occlusal surfaces. Preoperative estimates of caries lesion depth were more concordant with postoperative depths when the lesion...... was at an advanced stage: 88% concordance at the D3 depth, compared to 54% concordance at the E1 depth. DPBRN dentists can discriminate caries lesions at different depths, but the accuracy of their depth assessments was higher for dentin than for enamel lesions. In general, DPBRN dentists were more likely...

Perspectivas actuales del tratamiento endodóncico en dientes con lesiones periapicales crónicas

OpenAIRE

Canalda Sahli, Carlos

1990-01-01

Se analizan los aspectos histopatológicos de las lesiones periapiciales, el fenómeno de la proliferación epitelial intragranulomatosa como mecanismo patogénico de formación de cavidades quísticas microscópicas, los problemas diagnósticos de las mismas así como las perspectivas terapéuticas más actuales.

Proteja a sus seres queridos de las caídas

Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

2008-12-10

Este podcast, que forma parte de la iniciativa Proteja a sus seres queridos, aborda las medidas que pueden tomar los padres de familia para ayudar a proteger a sus niños de las caídas, una de las principales causas de lesiones infantiles.  Created: 12/10/2008 by National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC).   Date Released: 4/1/2009.

Oral Cancer Knowledge and Diagnostic Ability Among Dental Students.

Science.gov (United States)

Hassona, Y; Scully, C; Abu Tarboush, N; Baqain, Z; Ismail, F; Hawamdeh, S; Sawair, F

2017-09-01

The purpose of this study is to examine factors that influence the diagnostic ability of dental students with regards to oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders. Dental students at different levels of study were directly interviewed to examine their oral cancer knowledge and diagnostic ability using a validated and pre-tested survey instrument containing validated clinical images of oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders. An oral cancer knowledge scale (0 to 31) was generated from correct responses on oral cancer general knowledge, and a diagnostic ability scale (0 to 100) was generated from correct selections of suspicious oral lesions. Knowledge scores ranged from 0 to 27 (mean 10.1 ± 6.0); mean knowledge scores increased with year of study; 5th year students had the highest mean knowledge score (19.1 ± 4.0), while 1st year students had the lowest (5.6 ± 3.5). Diagnostic ability scores increased with year of study and ranged from 0 to 88.5 % (mean 41.8 % ± 15.6). The ability to recognize suspicious oral lesions was significantly correlated with knowledge about oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders (r = 0.28; P oral cancer education curricula; increasing students' contact with patients who have oral lesions including oral cancer will help to improve their future diagnostic ability and early detection practices.

Numb chin syndrome as a manifestation of possible breast cancer metastasis around dental implants.

Science.gov (United States)

Orhan, Kaan; Bayndr, Hakan; Aksoy, Seçil; Seker, Basak Kusakci; Berberoğlu, Atilla; Ozan, Oğuz

2011-05-01

Numb chin syndrome, sometimes called numb lip syndrome, is an uncommon but well-recognized symptom in medical oncology. It may be a metastatic neurologic manifestation of malignancy, often with no clinically visible pathologic finding. The authors report a numb chin syndrome as a manifestation possible breast cancer metastasis around dental implants in a 69-year-old woman. The patient was presented with complaint of numbness in the lower jaw. Medical anamnesis revealed a metastatic breast carcinoma (CA). Radiographic imaging with conventional panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomographic examination, revealed a moth-eaten shape, radiolucent, and radiopaque mixed appearance around the dental implants that was related with possible metastasis of the breast cancer. Numb chin syndrome is almost unknown within the dental and oral and maxillofacial community, despite being well reported in the medical literature. General dentists, oral medicine specialists, and oral and maxillofacial surgeons must be aware of this condition to consider metastatic cancer in patients with unexplained facial hypoesthesia. Moreover, although the development of metastatic lesions around implants is an uncommon pathologic finding, the examination of peri-implant lesion should be performed carefully considering the entire pathologic situations.

Lesiones hepáticas sugestivas de angioma en pacientes con hepatopatía crónica Angioma-like liver lesions in patients with chronic liver disease

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. Repiso

2007-05-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: el objetivo de nuestro estudio fue valorar en nuestro medio las características clínicas, ecográficas y evolutivas de los pacientes con hepatopatía crónica y lesiones ecográficas sugestivas de angiomas hepáticos. Material y métodos: estudio retrospectivo realizado entre los pacientes recogidos en la base de datos de la Unidad de Ecografías del Servicio de Aparato Digestivo entre enero de 2000 y junio de 2004. Incluimos en el estudio a pacientes que presentaban datos clínicos y/o analíticos compatibles con hepatopatía crónica de cualquier etiología y en los que la ecografía abdominal ponía de manifiesto la existencia de al menos una lesión hepática compatible con angioma. Se han recogido los datos epidemiológicos, clínicos, ecográficos y evolutivos de estos pacientes. Resultados: durante el periodo de estudio se diagnosticaron 58 pacientes con hepatopatía crónica y lesiones hepáticas sugestivas de angioma, de los cuales trece presentaban datos clínicos, analíticos, ecográficos y/o histológicos compatibles con cirrosis hepática. Ecográficamente se trataban de lesiones menores de 10 mm en el 50% de los pacientes y en la mayoría de los casos localizadas en lóbulo hepático derecho. Durante el periodo de medio de 35 meses (6 a 168 meses se pudo comprobar cómo en dos pacientes (3% las lesiones inicialmente interpretadas como angiomas se trataban en realidad de lesiones malignas (un hepatocarcinoma y unas metástasis de adenocarcinoma vesicular. En ambos casos los pacientes eran cirróticos. Por tanto, en el 15% de los pacientes cirróticos de nuestra serie se demostró la naturaleza maligna de las lesiones inicialmente interpretadas como angiomas. Conclusiones: en pacientes con hepatopatía crónica, sobre todo en cirróticos, un porcentaje no despreciable de las lesiones ecográficas interpretadas inicialmente como angiomas se tratan realmente de lesiones malignas.Objective: the aim of this study was to

Claves taxonómicas para el reconocimiento dentario en taxa del superorden Rajomorphii de Chile (Chondrichthyes, Batoidea Taxonomic dental keys for the Chilean taxa of the superorder Rajomorphii (Chondrichthyes, Batoidea

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sylvia Sáez

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Se presenta claves taxonómicas basadas en características morfológicas dentarias externas e internas, que permiten el reconocimiento de cada orden, familia y género de los batoídeos conocidos en Chile. En algunos casos, como en las familias Rhinobatidae, Torpedinidae, Narcinidae, Myliobatidae, Mobulidae, Dasyatidae y Urotrygonidae, las claves permiten el reconocimiento específico pero, en otros casos, sólo se puede discriminar hasta género, dadas las limitaciones impuestas por los conocimientos existentes. Estas claves son una herramienta complementaria a la diagnosis de rayas y están orientadas al reconocimiento de fragmentos dentales, hallazgos paleontológicos de dientes así como para las piezas dentales asociadas con la mandíbula. De esta manera, se entrega un apoyo taxonómico nuevo con características dentales diferentes a las consideradas actualmente para este superorden.A series of keys with external and internal dental morphologic features for the identification of each order, family and genus of rays and skates of the batoids known in Chile, are presented. In the case of families Rhinobatidae, Torpedinidae, Narcinidae, Myliobatidae, Mobulidae, Dasyatidae and Urotrygonidae, an identification at the species level is possible. In other cases, due to limitations imposed by the existing knowledge, only discrimination up to genus is allowed. These keys are a complementary tool for the diagnosis of rays suitable for the identification of dental fragments, paleontological discoveries of teeth as well as for jaw teeth. This tool offers a novel taxonomic support, which includes dental features different from those considered nowadays for this superorder.

The bacteremia of dental origin and its implications in the appearance of bacterial endocarditis

Science.gov (United States)

Mang-de la Rosa, María R.; Castellanos-Cosano, Lizett; Romero-Perez, María J.

2014-01-01

Numerous systemic diseases may affect the oral cavity and vice versa,in particular severe diseases that involve the heart valve. In these cases, additional measures or a modification to our dental treatment need to be taken. We are aware of various diseases that can cause the emergence of bacterial endocarditis (BE), such as; rheumatic fever, valve lesions due to intravenous drug use, Kawasaki disease and valve surgery, among others. Due to its severity when it is not taken into account in dental treatment, we intend to show the evolution of the antimicrobial prophylaxis towards this condition. Furthermore, we intend to publish the current guidelines of institutions and societies which increasingly encourage rational antimicrobial use. In addition, we intend to examine the evidence of the possible origins of this disease during dental treatment and at the same time describe the necessary considerations that need to be taken during dental treatment. Key words:Endocarditis, antibiotic profilaxis, dental treatment. PMID:24121925

Effect of type of cavity preparation (bur,Er:YAG laser) and restorative materials on prevention of caries lesion

OpenAIRE

Masumeh Hasani Tabatabaei; Sakineh Arami; Fatemeh Khajavi; Zohreh Moradi

2017-01-01

Background and Aims: Despite the reduction of incidence of dental caries in recent years, this disease is common and many efforts were conducted to decrease the prevalence of dental caries. On the other hand secondary caries lesions are the main reason for replacement of direct restorations. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to evaluate suitable methods of preparation and restorative materials to reduce caries recurrence. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, eighty...

Dental Calculus Arrest of Dental Caries

OpenAIRE

Keyes, Paul H.; Rams, Thomas E.

2016-01-01

Background An inverse relationship between dental calculus mineralization and dental caries demineralization on teeth has been noted in some studies. Dental calculus may even form superficial layers over existing dental caries and arrest their progression, but this phenomenon has been only rarely documented and infrequently considered in the field of Cariology. To further assess the occurrence of dental calculus arrest of dental caries, this study evaluated a large number of extracted human t...

General characteristics of dental morbidity in children against orthodontic treatment

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kovach I.V.

2016-03-01

Full Text Available A wide spread of orthodontic treatment showed a fairly high risk of complications developed from the use of various devices. The aim of our study was to determine the general characteristics of dental morbidity in children with orthodontic treatment. According to the survey the most common pathologies in children with orthodontic problems are dental caries (87,8-92,9% and chronic catarrhal gingivitis (81.2-84.1%. The prevalence of different types of diseases of the mucous membrane and soft tissues of the oral cavity in children surveyed was 30.5-32.9%. Non-caries lesions of dental hard tissues occurred in 39.5-40.9% of the children surveyed, local enamel hypoplasia was observed in 42.9%, systemic enamel hypoplasia made up 17.8%, signs of hypersensitivity of enamel were found in 9.6%, and the wedge defects – in two children.

Diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia in a dental hospital; report of a ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2014-10-10

Oct 10, 2014 ... leading to a diagnosis of acute leukemia that directs the patient to seek early dental consultation. This report refers to ... infiltration as a cause for gingival lesions. Case Report ... according to peripheral blood smear, bone marrow biopsy and flow ... Panoramic radiographic examination revealed no obvious.

Aguja dental rota en el espacio pterigomandibular. Reporte de un caso

OpenAIRE

Ghersi Miranda, Hugo; Martinez López, Alan

2014-01-01

Los accidentes por fractura de agujas dentales durante la colocación de anestesia, son infrecuentes.Dentro de las zonas más afectadas con esta complicación es el espacio pterigo mandibular, almomento de realizar el bloqueo del nervio alveolar inferior. Los motivos por los cuales sepueden fracturar las agujas son varios, inicialmente se debió al material poco flexible con el queeran construídas, luego que se mejoró la aleación, permitiéndole mayor resistencia, la fractura sedebe principalmente...

Jaw lesions associated with impacted tooth: A radiographic diagnostic guide

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Motazavi, Hamed; Bharvand, Maryam [Dept. of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran (Iran, Islamic Republic of)

2016-09-15

This review article aimed to introduce a category of jaw lesions associated with impacted tooth. General search engines and specialized databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, MedLine Plus, Science Direct, Scopus, and well-recognized textbooks were used to find relevant studies using keywords such as 'jaw lesion', 'jaw disease', 'impacted tooth', and 'unerupted tooth'. More than 250 articles were found, of which approximately 80 were broadly relevant to the topic. We ultimately included 47 articles that were closely related to the topic of interest. When the relevant data were compiled, the following 10 lesions were identified as having a relationship with impacted tooth: dentigerous cysts, calcifying odontogenic cysts, unicystic (mural) ameloblastomas, ameloblastomas, ameloblastic fibromas, adenomatoid odontogenic tumors, keratocystic odontogenic tumors, calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumors, ameloblastic fibro-odontomas, and odontomas. When clinicians encounter a lesion associated with an impacted tooth, they should first consider these entities in the differential diagnosis. This will help dental practitioners make more accurate diagnoses and develop better treatment plans based on patients' radiographs.

Jaw lesions associated with impacted tooth: A radiographic diagnostic guide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Motazavi, Hamed; Bharvand, Maryam

2016-01-01

This review article aimed to introduce a category of jaw lesions associated with impacted tooth. General search engines and specialized databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, MedLine Plus, Science Direct, Scopus, and well-recognized textbooks were used to find relevant studies using keywords such as 'jaw lesion', 'jaw disease', 'impacted tooth', and 'unerupted tooth'. More than 250 articles were found, of which approximately 80 were broadly relevant to the topic. We ultimately included 47 articles that were closely related to the topic of interest. When the relevant data were compiled, the following 10 lesions were identified as having a relationship with impacted tooth: dentigerous cysts, calcifying odontogenic cysts, unicystic (mural) ameloblastomas, ameloblastomas, ameloblastic fibromas, adenomatoid odontogenic tumors, keratocystic odontogenic tumors, calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumors, ameloblastic fibro-odontomas, and odontomas. When clinicians encounter a lesion associated with an impacted tooth, they should first consider these entities in the differential diagnosis. This will help dental practitioners make more accurate diagnoses and develop better treatment plans based on patients' radiographs

Dental-CT and pathologic conditions of the jaw; Dental-CT bei pathologischen Veraenderungen im Bereich des Kiefers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abrahams, J.J. [Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States). Dept. of Diagnostic Radiology

1999-12-01

CT with multiplanar reconstruction of the jaws (DentaScan{sup TM}) is the method of choice for the radiographic assessment of the mandible and maxilla. It is instrumental in delineating the relationship between bony lesions and the adjacent anatomy. Therefore, this technique allows precise evaluation of the intricate details of the oral cavity. Using it, distinct characterization of pathology including infectious, metabolic, congenital and neoplastic lesions can be obtained. (orig.) [German] Die CT mit multiplanarer Rekonstruktion des Kiefers (Dental-CT/Denta-Scan{sup TM}) ist die Methode der Wahl zur radiologischen Untersuchung der Mandibula und Maxilla. Sie ist insbesondere bei der Abgrenzung knoecherner Laesionen von benachbarten anatomischen Strukturen hilfreich. Daher erlaubt diese Technik eine praezise Evaluation der komplizierten Details der Mundhoehle. Durch die Verwendung dieser Technik wird eine genaue Charakterisierung von Pathologien, unter Einschluss infektioeser, metabolischer, kongenitaler und neoplastischer Laesionen ermoeglicht. (orig.)

Valor de la laparoscopia en las enfermedades de la cavidad abdominal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Milton Argüello

1972-07-01

Full Text Available Se practicaron 223 Laparoscopias de las cuales se analizan 217: 115 en pacientes de sexo femenino, y 102 en pacientes de sexo masculino, con edades entre 13 y 80 años. De los 217 exámenes estudiados, en 208 (95.8% se encontraron alteraciones patológicas con predominio de cirrosis, carcinoma de vías biliares y lesiones metastásicas a hígado. Se puntualiza la utilidad de la endoscopia en los diferentes tipos de lesiones de la cavidad peritoneal, las que se ilustran con imágenes fotográficas de casos representativos. Se presentaron cuatro (4 complicaciones que evolucionaron satisfactoriamente.

Elevated Incidence of Dental Caries in a Mouse Model of Cystic Fibrosis

Science.gov (United States)

Catalán, Marcelo A.; Scott-Anne, Kathleen; Klein, Marlise I.; Koo, Hyun; Bowen, William H.; Melvin, James E.

2011-01-01

Background Dental caries is the single most prevalent and costly infectious disease worldwide, affecting more than 90% of the population in the U.S. The development of dental cavities requires the colonization of the tooth surface by acid-producing bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans. Saliva bicarbonate constitutes the main buffering system which neutralizes the pH fall generated by the plaque bacteria during sugar metabolism. We found that the saliva pH is severely decreased in a mouse model of cystic fibrosis disease (CF). Given the close relationship between pH and caries development, we hypothesized that caries incidence might be elevated in the mouse CF model. Methodology/Principal Findings We induced carious lesions in CF and wildtype mice by infecting their oral cavity with S. mutans, a well-studied cariogenic bacterium. After infection, the mice were fed a high-sucrose diet for 5 weeks (diet 2000). The mice were then euthanized and their jaws removed for caries scoring and bacterial counting. A dramatic increase in caries and severity of lesions scores were apparent in CF mice compared to their wildtype littermates. The elevated incidence of carious lesions correlated with a striking increase in the S. mutans viable population in dental plaque (20-fold increase in CF vs. wildtype mice; p value<0.003; t test). We also found that the pilocarpine-stimulated saliva bicarbonate concentration was significantly reduced in CF mice (16±2 mM vs. 31±2 mM, CF and wildtype mice, respectively; p value<0.01; t test). Conclusions/Significance Considering that bicarbonate is the most important pH buffering system in saliva, and the adherence and survival of aciduric bacteria such as S. mutans are enhanced at low pH values, we speculate that the decrease in the bicarbonate content and pH buffering of the saliva is at least partially responsible for the increased severity of lesions observed in the CF mouse. PMID:21304986

Elevated incidence of dental caries in a mouse model of cystic fibrosis.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo A Catalán

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Dental caries is the single most prevalent and costly infectious disease worldwide, affecting more than 90% of the population in the U.S. The development of dental cavities requires the colonization of the tooth surface by acid-producing bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans. Saliva bicarbonate constitutes the main buffering system which neutralizes the pH fall generated by the plaque bacteria during sugar metabolism. We found that the saliva pH is severely decreased in a mouse model of cystic fibrosis disease (CF. Given the close relationship between pH and caries development, we hypothesized that caries incidence might be elevated in the mouse CF model.We induced carious lesions in CF and wildtype mice by infecting their oral cavity with S. mutans, a well-studied cariogenic bacterium. After infection, the mice were fed a high-sucrose diet for 5 weeks (diet 2000. The mice were then euthanized and their jaws removed for caries scoring and bacterial counting. A dramatic increase in caries and severity of lesions scores were apparent in CF mice compared to their wildtype littermates. The elevated incidence of carious lesions correlated with a striking increase in the S. mutans viable population in dental plaque (20-fold increase in CF vs. wildtype mice; p value < 0.003; t test. We also found that the pilocarpine-stimulated saliva bicarbonate concentration was significantly reduced in CF mice (16 ± 2 mM vs. 31 ± 2 mM, CF and wildtype mice, respectively; p value < 0.01; t test.Considering that bicarbonate is the most important pH buffering system in saliva, and the adherence and survival of aciduric bacteria such as S. mutans are enhanced at low pH values, we speculate that the decrease in the bicarbonate content and pH buffering of the saliva is at least partially responsible for the increased severity of lesions observed in the CF mouse.

Lesiones en el hombro causadas por electrocución

OpenAIRE

Herrero Barcos, L.; Martínez Martín, Angel Antonio; Herrera Rodríguez, Antonio; Cuenca Espiérrez, Jorge; Panisello Sebastiá, Juan José

2001-01-01

Las lesiones en el hombro tras sufrir una descarga eléctrica son raras. Presentamos siete pacientes con luxaciones y fracturas en el hombro debidas a una electrocución. Un alto porcentaje de estas lesiones se diagnostican tarde, empeorando de esta manera el pronóstico. Por ello, ante una electrocución, debemos pensar en una lesión de hombro. Shoulder injuries after an electrical shock are rare. We report seven cases with dislocation and fractures of the shoulder due to electrocution. A hig...

Rehabilitación dental y trastornos temporomandibulares en adolescentes de Puebla, México / Dental rehabilitations and temporomandibular disorders in adolescents of Puebla, Mexico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriel Muñoz Q

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: determinar el factor de riesgo para desarrollar trastornos temporomandibulares (ttm en adolescentes sometidos a rehabilitación dental. Métodos: cohorte realizada en 153 adolescentes, (52,9% mujeres y 47% hombres libres de ttm. Para diagnosticar los ttm se utilizaron los Criterios Diagnósticos para la Investigación de los ttm (cdi/ttm, para determinar caries se aplicó el índice cpod. Se formaron dos grupos, el grupo expuesto a rehabilitación dental (74, y el grupo no expuesto (79. Se realizaron seguimientos a las dos semanas, tres y seis meses de la rehabilitación dental. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva y se calculó el riesgo relativo con intervalos de confianza al 95%. Para el grupo de los expuestos, se incluyeron adolescentes libres de ttm en los que fue necesario realizar tratamiento de rehabilitación dental en órganos posteriores con caries en esmalte y dentina en fosas y fisuras. Para el grupo no expuesto, se incluyeron adolescentes pareados por edad y sexo con los expuestos, libres de ttm sin necesidades de rehabilitación dental. Resultados: la incidencia de ttm a los quince días de los expuestos (18,9% fue superior en contraste con los no expuestos (5,0%. El riesgo relativo de desarrollar ttm en los adolescentes rehabilitados con resina a las dos semanas posteriores a la rehabilitación fue de 2.412 (I.C. 95% 1.001-5,81 veces más que en aquellos que no fueron sometidos a la rehabilitación. Conclusión: la rehabilitación dental es un factor de riesgo mínimo para desarrollar ttm a corto plazo (15 días de realizado el procedimiento, dicho padecimiento inducido por la rehabilitación dental es agudo y auto limitante Objective: determine the risk factor involved with developing temporomandibular disorders (tmd in adolescents undergoing dental rehabilitation. Methodology: cohort study carried out on 153 tmd-free adolescents (52.9% women and 47% women. In order to diagnose tmds the Diagnostic Criteria for Research

Diode Laser Excision of Oral Benign Lesions.

Science.gov (United States)

Mathur, Ena; Sareen, Mohit; Dhaka, Payal; Baghla, Pallavi

2015-01-01

Lasers have made tremendous progress in the field of dentistry and have turned out to be crucial in oral surgery as collateral approach for soft tissue surgery. This rapid progress can be attributed to the fact that lasers allow efficient execution of soft tissue procedures with excellent hemostasis and field visibility. When matched to scalpel, electrocautery or high frequency devices, lasers offer maximum postoperative patient comfort. Four patients agreed to undergo surgical removal of benign lesions of the oral cavity. 810 nm diode lasers were used in continuous wave mode for excisional biopsy. The specimens were sent for histopathological examination and patients were assessed on intraoperative and postoperative complications. Diode laser surgery was rapid, bloodless and well accepted by patients and led to complete resolution of the lesions. The excised specimen proved adequate for histopathological examination. Hemostasis was achieved immediately after the procedure with minimal postoperative problems, discomfort and scarring. We conclude that diode lasers are rapidly becoming the standard of care in contemporary dental practice and can be employed in procedures requiring excisional biopsy of oral soft tissue lesions with minimal problems in histopathological diagnosis.

Estrategias para mejorar la visualización de lesiones en pacientes con epilepsia refractaria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dr. Gálvez M. Marcelo

2013-11-01

Las imágenes durante la cirugía permiten la integración de toda la información, que puede ser de ayuda para la determinación de los límites de la resección y localización de las áreas elocuentes. La ecografía intraoperatoria muchas veces es muy útil para determinar la extensión de las lesiones.

Critical evaluation of incidence and prevalence of white spot lesions during fixed orthodontic appliance treatment: A meta-analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Sundararaj, Dhinahar; Venkatachalapathy, Sudhakar; Tandon, Akshay; Pereira, Aaron

2015-01-01

Development of dental caries, specifically, white spot lesions (WSLs), continues to be a well-recognized and troubling side effect of orthodontic fixed appliance therapy, despite vast improvement in preventive dental techniques and procedures. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate, determine, and summarize the incidence and prevalence rates of WSLs during orthodontic treatment that have been published in the literature. According to predetermined criteria, databases were searched for appropriate studies. References of the selected articles and relevant reviews were searched for any missed publications. In the 14 studies evaluated for WSLs, the incidence of new carious lesions formed during orthodontic treatment in patients was 45.8% and the prevalence of lesions in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment was 68.4%. The incidence and prevalence rates of WSLs in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment are quite high and significant. This widespread problem of WSL development is an alarming challenge and warrants significant attention from both patients and providers, which should result in greatly increased emphasis on effective caries prevention.

Detection of Helicobacter pylori in Oral Lesions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Soussan Irani

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Background and aims. Helicobacter pylori is a microaerophilic gram-negative spiral organism. It is recognized as the etiologic factor for peptic ulcers, gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric lymphoma. Recently, it has been isolated from dental plaque and the dorsum of the tongue. This study was designed to assess the association between H. pylori and oral lesions such as ulcerative/inflammatory lesions, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC and primary lymphoma. Materials and methods. A total of 228 biopsies diagnosed as oral ulcerative/inflammatory lesions, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC and oral primary lymphoma were selected from the archives of the Pathology Department. Thirty-two samples that were diagnosed as being without any pathological changes were selected as the control group. All the paraffin blocks were cut for hematoxylin and eosin staining to confirm the diagnoses and then the samples were prepared for immunohistochemistry staining. Data were collected and analyzed. Results. Chi-squared test showed significant differences between the frequency of H. pylori positivity in normal tissue and the lesions were examined (P=0.000. In addition, there was a statistically significant difference between the lesions examined (P=0.042. Chi-squared test showed significant differences between H. pylori positivity and different tissue types except inside the muscle layer as follows: in epithelium and in lamina propria (P=0.000, inside the blood vessels (P=0.003, inside the salivary gland duct (P=0.036, and muscle layer (P=0.122. Conclusion. There might be a relation between the presence of H. pylori and oral lesions. Therefore, early detection and eradication of H. pylori in high-risk patients are suggested.

Una reflexión acerca de la notificación de lesiones laborales en Cuba A reflection on the notification of occupational lesions in Cuba

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Caristina Robaina Aguirre

2008-03-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo tiene como objetivo fundamental realizar un análisis cerca del comportamiento de la morbi-mortalidad por accidentes del trabajo notificada en Cuba en los años 1995-2004. Se puntualiza además en el concepto de lesión y no accidentes para resaltar el carácter preventivo de esta definición. Se destacan algunos sectores de la economía como la construcción, la industria, la agricultura y el transporte como los de mayor índice de incidencia y mortalidad en el período estudiado, y entre las provincias que presentan los indicadores más elevados en el país tenemos a Villa Clara, Cienfuegos y Sancti Spíritus, entre las centrales, y además Las Tunas y Granma en la región oriental del país. Se realiza un análisis crítico de la tendencia a la disminución de la incidencia de las lesiones en este período, aunque no se comportó así la mortalidad.The main objective of this article was to make an analysis of the behavior of morbimortality from occupational accidents reported in Cuba from 1995 to 2004. Emphasis was given to the concept of lesion and not of accidents to stress the preventive character of this definition. Construction, industry, agriculture and transportation were some of the economic sectors with the highest rate of incidence and mortality in the studied period. Villa Clara, Cienfuegos and Sancti Spiritus, in the centre of the country, and Las Tunas and Gramma, in the eastern region, were the provinces with the most elevated indicators at the national level. A critical analysis of the trend to the reduction of the incidence of the lesions in this period is made, although mortality had a different behavior.

Evaluación de la edad dental en niños venezolanos utilizando el método de Schour y Massler

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zapata-K

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: La presente investigación pretende determinar la precisión del método propuesto por Schour y Massler para la estimación de la edad dental en un grupo de niños Venezolanos que asistió al Servicio de Ortodoncia de Interceptiva de la Universidad Central de Venezuela en el período de 2001-2011. Materiales y métodos: Se seleccionó una muestra estratifi por edad y sexo incluyendo radiografías panorámicas de alta calidad tomadas a pacientes sanos con edades de 4 a 10 años. Se determinó estadio de erupción (con barrera ósea, sin barrera ósea, en plano oclusal y formación radicular (etapas de Nolla en la muestra, comparando las medias con las tablas de Schour y Massler (ANOVA p=0.05 distribuyendo por rangos de edad. Resultados: La erupción dental fue similar a la graficada en las tablas de Schour y Massler, con un adelanto estadísticamente significavo para el incisivo central inferior y retardo para del primer premolar superior y segundo premolar inferior. La formación radicular estuvo retrasada en comparación con las tablas, siendo estadísticamente signifi\tpara las etapas fi\tde formación radicular del incisivo lateral inferior, el primer premolar superior, segundos premolares y segundo molar superior. Conclusiones: La estimación de edad dental utilizando las tablas de Schour y Massler fue apropiada en esta muestra de niños Venezolanos.

X-ray appearance of cranial lesions in hyperparathyroid osteodystuophy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Spuzyak, M.M.; Tsarikovskaya, K.G.; Tkach, F.S.; David'yants, L.S.

1983-01-01

Craniographic data on 58 patients with hyperparathyroid osteodystrophy weere analyzed. Cranial changes revealed in 52 patients. Some data on the nature apd frequency of X-ray signs of cranial lesion in hyperparathyroid osteodystrophy are presented. The most frequent and typical X-ray signs of cranial lesions in hyperparathyroid osteodystrophy, are granular osteoporosis of the facial tectum and bones, the blurred contour of the internal tectum plate, foci of osteoclasia, osteoporosis of the elements of the Turkish saddle, resorption of the closing plates of the dental cavities, alterration of the thickness of the vault bones, symmetrical thinning, irregularity and obscurity of the external tectum plate, subperiosteal resorption of the cortical layer of the mandible (34.5%), partial resorption of the alveolar process of the jaw and epulis of the mandible

Maquillaje terapéutico en personas con lesiones desfigurantes

OpenAIRE

Riva Grandal, Ángeles de la

2013-01-01

Fernández Guarino, Montserrat, codir. En esta tesis se pretendió abordar los aspectos novedosos del uso del maquillaje terapéutico, sobre lesiones cutáneas visibles con la intención de disimular estas imperfecciones, y resaltar las cualidades estéticas En la búsqueda realizada, se halló gran preocupación en la literatura científica internacional sobre los aspectos psico-sociales de pacientes con lesiones dermatológicas visibles Desarrollo teórico: Fué un estudio prospectivo multicéntrico...

LESIONES MÚSCULO ESQUELÉTICAS CATASTRÓFICAS EN CABALLOS PURA SANGRE DE CARRERA, CARACAS-VENEZUELA

OpenAIRE

Morales B., Abelardo; Bermúdez G., Víctor; García G., Francisco; Perdigón M., Miguel; Naranjo B., Raúl

2012-01-01

Se hizo un estudio clínico-patológico de las lesiones músculo-esqueléticas catastróficas ocurridas en pruebas públicas en el Hipódromo “La Rinconada”, Caracas, Venezuela, entre el 2000 al 2007. Se trabajó con 78 equinos Pura Sangre de Carrera con lesiones del aparato locomotor. Se colectó muestras de sangre para estudio hematológico, bioquímico y hormonal (paratohormona), así como muestras de orina para determinar niveles de fosfatos. Se les practicó la eutanasia debido a la severidad de las ...

PREVALENCIA DE LESIONES RELACIONADAS CON LA DEPENDENCIA EN PACIENTES HOSPITALIZADOS

OpenAIRE

Herrero-Montes, Manuel; Olavarría-Beivide, Encarnación; Parás-Bravo, Paula; Cacidedo-González, Raquel; Revuelta-Arroyo, Rosana; Gómez-Muñoz, Isabel

2015-01-01

Objetivos Determinar la prevalencia puntual de lesiones relacionadas con la dependencia (LRD) en pacientes hospitalizados en el Hospital Sierrallana/ Tres Mares (HSLL), Cantabria. Clasificar las lesiones según los criterios propuestos por el Grupo Nacional para el Estudio y Asesoramiento en Ulceras por Presión y Heridas Crónicas (GNEAUPP) en su documento técnico Nº II (mayo 2014). Métodos Estudio de prevalencia. Población: Pacientes ingresados en el área de hospitalización del ...

Ingenieria tisular para el tratamiento de las lesiones osteocondrales

OpenAIRE

Pescador Hernández, David

2012-01-01

[ES] El objetivo de esta tesis es evaluar de forma comparativa la eficacia de la ingeniería tisular con un hidrogel proteico y células madre mesenquimales humanas en el tratamiento de un defecto osteocondral en un modelo de xenotransplante en un conejo. También se pretende estudiar la viabilidad del hidrogel como soporte para la terapia celular con células mesenquimales, evaluar los resultados radiológicos, comparando las rodillas tratadas con células madre mesenquimales humanas y sin ell...

Relationship between Feline calicivirus Load, Oral Lesions, and Outcome in Feline Chronic Gingivostomatitis (Caudal Stomatitis: Retrospective Study in 104 Cats

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Isabelle Druet

2017-12-01

Full Text Available ObjectiveThis study was performed to assess the relationship between oral Feline calicivirus (FCV load and severity of lesions at the time of presentation of cats suffering from feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS (part 1 and treatment outcome after dental extractions (part 2. We hypothesized that a higher FCV viral load would be positively correlated with the severity of lesions at presentation and negatively correlated with treatment outcome. In addition, the effect of dental extractions on outcome and the influence of preoperative severity of lesions on the outcome were investigated.Materials and methodsCats with FCGS were included in the study if they had been diagnosed with caudal stomatitis, had been tested positive for FCV using a real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR test on oropharyngeal swab, and had dental extractions performed within the authors’ department. General practitioners provided all previous medical treatments. Cats with recheck examinations were included in part 2 of the study. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the different parameters.ResultsOne hundred four cats met the requirements for part 1 and 56 cats for part 2 of the study. Data collected from patients’ record included patient history, viral testing results, extent and severity of oral lesions, extent of teeth extraction. Signalment, history, preoperative treatment, and severity of caudal and alveolar stomatitis score were not associated with FCV load (P > 0.05. Presence of lingual ulcers was significantly correlated with FCV load (P = 0.0325. Clinical cure (32.1% or very significant improvement (19.6% was achieved in 51.8% of cats within 38 days. Concomitantly, 60.7% of the owners considered their cat cured (41.1% or significantly improved (19.6%. Extent of teeth extraction was not found to influence the clinical outcome (P > 0.05.ConclusionThe results of this study did not support the hypothesis

Dose and risk evaluation to the thyroid gland in intra-oral dental radiology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Souza, Edmilson M.; Lima, Marco A.F.; Kelecom, Alphonse; Correa, Samanda C.A.; Silva, Ademir X.; Brito, Alan

2008-01-01

Intra-oral technique is one of the most frequently used procedures of dental radiology, allowing the detection of a variety of dental anomalies such as caries, dental trauma and periodontal lesions, while exposing patients to relatively low doses of radiation. However, although the adverse effects of doses generated by dental radiology are essentially stochastic, a number of epidemiological studies have provided evidence of an increased risk of thyroid tumors for dental radiography. Many studies have measured doses of radiation for dental radiography, but only a few have estimated thyroid dose. Furthermore, most of the studies on dose evaluation in dental radiology are based on standardized calculation phantoms, which neglect the variance of the patient size or even sex. The purpose of this study is to use the Monte Carlo code MCNPX and the FAX (Female Adult voXel) and MAX (Male Adult voXel) phantoms to investigate how absorbed doses to the thyroid gland in intraoral dental examinations vary in female and male patients. The lifetime cancer incidence attributable to dental examinations were estimated using the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiations (BEIR) VII Committee Report. The phantoms study proved a useful trial for detecting the radiation dose to the thyroid gland and conclusively supported that the anatomy may be regarded as an influencing factor in radiation dose received during dental examination. Finally, the results have also confirmed that the association of the MCNPX code and the MAX and FAX phantoms is very useful in dosimetric studies on radiographic examinations of female and male patients. (author)

Oral precancerous lesions: Problems of early detection and oral cancer prevention

Science.gov (United States)

Gileva, Olga S.; Libik, Tatiana V.; Danilov, Konstantin V.

2016-08-01

The study presents the results of the research in the structure, local and systemic risk factors, peculiarities of the clinical manifestation, and quality of primary diagnosis of precancerous oral mucosa lesions (OMLs). In the study a wide range of OMLs and high (25.4%) proportion of oral precancerous lesions (OPLs) in their structure was indicated. The high percentage of different diagnostic errors and the lack of oncological awareness of dental practitioners, as well as the sharp necessity of inclusion of precancer/cancer early detection techniques into their daily practice were noted. The effectiveness of chemilumenescence system of early OPLs and oral cancer detection was demonstrated, the prospects of infrared thermography as a diagnostic tool were also discussed.

Variaciones de la enzima fosfatasa alcalina en la pulpa dental Variations of alkaline phosphatase enzyme in the dental pulp

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zoraida Pons Pinillos

2005-08-01

Full Text Available En las últimas décadas, numerosas investigaciones se han dedicado al estudio de los mecanismos potenciales implicados en el desarrollo de la caries dental y su prevención, sin embargo, a pesar de haber disminuido gradualmente el índice de caries en la población, son muchos los pacientes que necesitan tratarse la caries dental, tal es así que continuamente se están utilizando diferentes materiales en la búsqueda de aquel que ante una agresión a la pulpa, ayude a una respuesta biológica de la misma, conservando de esta forma su integridad. De ahí la importancia de la actividad de la fosfatasa alcalina de la pulpa en el proceso carioso, como una reacción ante el hidróxido de calcio que continuamente se está usando en toda la red docente-asistencial del país. Se seleccionaron 50 dientes monorradiculares, con pulpa viva y con caries de segundo, tercer y cuarto grado y 50 dientes sanos de pacientes de diferentes edades. Se extrajo la pulpa de cada diente y se realizaron improntas (3 por cada muestra, una de las cuales se procesó para obtener orientación morfológica, y las otras 2 para valorar la actividad de la fosfatasa alcalina. Para esto se utilizaron 2 métodos: el de calcio cobalto y el de alpha naftol fosfato de Gomori. Como resultado, se obtuvo que la pulpa tiene más actividad enzimática en caries profunda y que la edad del paciente no determina el aumento o disminución de dicha actividad.In the last decades, numerous investigations have been made on the study of potential mechanisms involved in the development of dental caries and their prevention. However, in spite of the gradual reduction of dental caries in the population, a lot of patients need to have their dental caries treated and different materials are continuously used searching for one that before the aggression to the pulp helps it to give a biological response, conserving this way its integrity. That's why the activity of the alkaline phosphatase of the pulp

Oral Lactobacilli and Dental Caries

Science.gov (United States)

Caufield, P.W.; Schön, C.N.; Saraithong, P.; Li, Y.; Argimón, S.

2015-01-01

Lactobacilli have been associated with dental caries for over a century. Here, we review the pertinent literature along with findings from our own study to formulate a working hypothesis about the natural history and role of lactobacilli. Unlike most indigenous microbes that stably colonize a host, lactobacilli appear to be planktonic, opportunistic settlers that can gather and multiply only in certain restrictive niches of the host, at least within the oral cavity. We postulate that the following essential requirements are necessary for sustained colonization of lactobacilli in humans: 1) a stagnant, retentive niche that is mostly anaerobic; 2) a low pH milieu; and 3) ready access to carbohydrates. Three sites on the human body meet these specifications: caries lesions, the stomach, and the vagina. Only a handful of Lactobacillus species is found in caries lesions, but they are largely absent in caries-free children. Lactobacilli present in caries lesions represent both a major contributor to caries progression and a major reservoir to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We extend the assertion from other investigators that lactobacilli found in the GI tract originate in the oral cavity by proposing that lactobacilli in the oral cavity arise from caries lesions. This, in turn, leads us to reflect on the health implications of the lactobacilli in the mouth and downstream GI and to ponder whether these or any of the Lactobacillus species are truly indigenous to the human GI tract or the oral cavity. PMID:25758458

Presence of high-grade intraepithelial lesions among women deprived of their liberty: a documental study Presencia de lesiones intraepiteliales de alto grado a las mujeres privadas de libertad: estudio documental Presença de lesões intraepiteliais de alto grau entre mulheres privadas de liberdade: estudo documental

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paula Renata Amorim Lessa

2012-04-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to analyze the results of the Pap smears of women deprived of their liberty. It is a retrospective, documental study, with a quantitative approach, performed in a female prison of Ceará, Brazil, with a sample of 672 patient records. Regarding the microbiological findings, it was verified that the main cervical-vaginal colonization was by bacilli suggestive of Gardnerella/Mobiluncus (21.8%, followed by Trichomonas vaginalis (12%, and Candida sp (5.8%. The frequencies of samples with atypical cells presented rates of 4.1% for Atypical Cells of Undetermined Significance; 3.2% for Low-grade Intraepithelial Lesions; and 2.5% for High-grade Intraepithelial Lesions. The importance of screening for cervical cancer in female prisons was highlighted, as well as the inclusion of the nurse in this environment, ensuring individualized, quality care for women deprived of their liberty.El objetivo fue analizar los resultados de la prueba de Papanicolaou de mujeres privadas de libertad. Tipo de estudio documental, con un enfoque cuantitativo, desarrollado en una cárcel de mujeres en Ceará-Brasil, con muestra de 672 archivos. En cuanto a los resultados microbiológicos se comprobó que el principal colonización de cáncer cervical-vaginal fueron los Bacilos sugestivos de Gardnerella/Mobiluncus con 21,8%, seguido de Trichomonas vaginalis 12% y Cándida sp 5,8%. Las frecuencias de las muestras con atipia celular se registraron tasas de 4,1% para Atipias de significado indeterminado; Lesiones Intraepiteliales de bajo grado 3,2% y Lesiones Intraepiteliales de alto grado 2,5%. La conclusión es la importancia de la detección del cáncer cervical en las cárceles de mujeres, así como la inclusión de los enfermeros en este entorno al tiempo que garantiza una calidad y una atención individualizada a las mujeres presas.Objetivou-se analisar os resultados dos exames citopatológicos de mulheres privadas de liberdade. Estudo documental

Non-destructive thermo-mechanical behavior assessment of glass-ceramics for dental applications

Science.gov (United States)

Kordatos, E. Z.; Abdulkadhim, Z.; Feteira, A. M.

2017-05-01

Every year millions of people seek dental treatment to either repair damaged, unaesthetic and dysfunctional teeth or replace missing natural teeth. Several dental materials have been developed to meet the stringent requirements in terms of mechanical properties, aesthetics and chemical durability in the oral environment. Glass-ceramics exhibit a suitable combination of these properties for dental restorations. This research is focused on the assessment of the thermomechanical behavior of bio-ceramics and particularly lithium aluminosilicate glass-ceramics (LAS glass-ceramics). Specifically, methodologies based on Infrared Thermography (IRT) have been applied in order the structure - property relationship to be evaluated. Non-crystallized, partially crystallized and fully crystallized glass-ceramic samples have been non-destructively assessed in order their thermo-mechanical behavior to be associated with their micro-structural features.

Nanotechnology strategies for antibacterial and remineralizing composites and adhesives to tackle dental caries.

Science.gov (United States)

Cheng, Lei; Zhang, Ke; Weir, Michael D; Melo, Mary Anne S; Zhou, Xuedong; Xu, Hockin H K

2015-03-01

Dental caries is the most widespread disease and an economic burden. Nanotechnology is promising to inhibit caries by controlling biofilm acids and enhancing remineralization. Nanoparticles of silver were incorporated into composites/adhesives, along with quaternary ammonium methacrylates (QAMs), to combat biofilms. Nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) released calcium/phosphate ions, remineralized tooth-lesions and neutralized acids. By combining nanoparticles of silver/QAM/NACP, a new class of composites and adhesives with antibacterial and remineralization double benefits was developed. Various other nanoparticles including metal and oxide nanoparticles such as ZnO and TiO2, as well as polyethylenimine nanoparticles and their antibacterial capabilities in dental resins were also reviewed. These nanoparticles are promising for incorporation into dental composites/cements/sealants/bases/liners/adhesives. Therefore, nanotechnology has potential to significantly improve restorative and preventive dentistry.

Nanotechnology strategies for antibacterial and remineralizing composites and adhesives to tackle dental caries

Science.gov (United States)

Cheng, Lei; Zhang, Ke; Weir, Michael D; Melo, Mary Anne S; Zhou, Xuedong; Xu, Hockin HK

2015-01-01

Dental caries is the most widespread disease and an economic burden. Nanotechnology is promising to inhibit caries by controlling biofilm acids and enhancing remineralization. Nanoparticles of silver were incorporated into composites/adhesives, along with quaternary ammonium methacrylates (QAMs), to combat biofilms. Nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) released calcium/phosphate ions, remineralized tooth-lesions and neutralized acids. By combining NAg/QAM/NACP, a new class of composites and adhesives with antibacterial and remineralization double benefits was developed. Various other nanoparticles including metal and oxide nanoparticles such as ZnO and TiO2, as well as polyethylenimine nanoparticles and their antibacterial capabilities in dental resins were also reviewed. These nanoparticles are promising for incorporation into dental composites/cements/sealants/bases/liners/adhesives. Therefore, nanotechnology has potential to significantly improve restorative and preventive dentistry. PMID:25723095

Traumatismo craneal por caída accidental en niños menores de dos años de edad. Mecanismos de producción, consecuencias y diagnóstico diferencial con las lesiones causadas por maltrato infantil.

OpenAIRE

Trenchs Sainz de la Maza, Victoria

2008-01-01

1. INTRODUCCIÓN:Muchos padres relatan una caída con traumatismo craneal (TCE) para justificar hematomas subdurales (HSD) y/o hemorragias retinianas (HR) debidas a maltrato. El diagnóstico diferencial entre TCE accidental e inflingido en ausencia de otras lesiones es difícil porque no hay estudios que determinen la prevalencia de HSD y/o HR en los traumatismos por caídas.2. HIPÓTESIS:- El mecanismo de producción y la altura de un caída condicionan las lesiones que aparecen en el niño.- El cono...

Students' clinical learning in an emerging dental school: an investigation in international collaboration between Michigan and Ghana.

Science.gov (United States)

Peters, Mathilde C; Adu-Ababio, Francis; Jarrett-Ananaba, Nejay P; Johnson, Lynn A

2013-12-01

The dearth of dental faculty members is a widely known problem that is exacerbated in countries that are attempting to begin dental education programs. This collaboration between Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology and the University of Michigan investigated if dental students who have just started their clinical dental education can learn the knowledge and skills required for identifying and restoring cavitated caries lesions through compact course delivery. There were three instructional blocks: 1) didactic seminar; 2) seminar, simulated hands-on skills instruction, and clinical observation/assisting with treatment of schoolchildren; and 3) seminar, simulated skills training, and application to schoolchildren. Each dental student completed a questionnaire measuring knowledge and perceptions of knowledge, experience, and confidence at five points in time. The dental students' knowledge increased significantly as well as their perceived knowledge, experience, and confidence (p<0.0001). In general, the students showed proficiency in delivering simple treatments. The project showed that an integrated compact course delivery model may assist emerging dental schools to cope with the challenging shortage of resident faculty members.

Treatment of Large Periapical Cyst Like Lesion: A Noninvasive Approach: A Report of Two Cases.

Science.gov (United States)

Sood, Nikhil; Maheshwari, Neha; Gothi, Rajat; Sood, Niti

2015-01-01

Periapical lesions develop as sequelae to pulp disease. Periapical radiolucent areas are generally diagnosed either during routine dental radiographic examination or following acute toothache. Various methods can be used in the nonsurgical management of periapical lesions: the conservative root canal treatment, decompression technique, active nonsurgical decompression technique, aspiration-irrigation technique, method using calcium hydroxide, lesion sterilization and repair therapy and the apexum procedure. Monitoring the healing of periapical lesions is essential through periodic follow-up examinations. The ultimate goal of endodontic therapy should be to return the involved teeth to a state of health and function without surgical intervention. All inflammatory periapical lesions should be initially treated with conservative nonsurgical procedures. Surgical intervention is recommended only after nonsurgical techniques have failed. Besides, surgery has many drawbacks, which limit its use in the management of periapical lesions. How to cite this article: Sood N, Maheshwari N, Gothi R, Sood N. Treatment of Large Periapical Cyst Like Lesion: A Noninvasive Approach: A Report of Two Cases. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015;8(2):133-137.

Ex vivo imaging of early dental caries within the interproximal space

Science.gov (United States)

Choo-Smith, Lin-P'ing; Hewko, Mark D.; Dufour, Marc L.; Fulton, Crystal; Qiu, Pingli; Gauthier, Bruno; Padioleau, Christian; Bisaillon, Charles-Etienne; Dong, Cecilia; Cleghorn, Blaine M.; Lamouche, Guy; Sowa, Michael G.

2009-02-01

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is emerging as a technology that can potentially be used for the detection and monitoring of early dental enamel caries since it can provide high-resolution depth imaging of early lesions. To date, most caries detection optical technologies are well suited for examining caries at facial, lingual, incisal and occlusal surfaces. The approximal surfaces between adjacent teeth are difficult to examine due to lack of visual access and limited space for these new caries detection tools. Using a catheter-style probe developed at the NRC-Industrial Materials Institute, the probe was inserted into the interproximal space to examine the approximal surfaces with OCT imaging at 1310 nm. The probe was rotated continuously and translated axially to generate depth images in a spiral fashion. The probe was used in a mock tooth arch model consisting of extracted human teeth mounted with dental rope wax in their anatomically correct positions. With this ex vivo model, the probe provided images of the approximal surfaces revealing morphological structural details, regions of calculus, and especially regions of early dental caries (white spot lesions). Results were compared with those obtained from OCT imaging of individual samples where the approximal surfaces of extracted teeth are accessible on a lab-bench. Issues regarding access, regions of interest, and factors to be considered in an in vivo setting will be discussed. Future studies are aimed at using the probe in vivo with patient volunteers.

Multiple calcifying hyperplastic dental follicles: A case report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aydin, Ulkem; Baykul, Timucin; Yildirim, Benay; Yildirim, Derya; Bozdemir, Esin; Karaduman, Ayse

2013-01-01

This report describes a 31-year-old female patient with six impacted teeth. The crowns of the impacted teeth were surrounded with cyst-like lesions with a mixed internal structure and well-defined cortical borders. Microscopic examination of the specimen obtained from the follicle of the left mandibular third molar tooth revealed loose to moderately dense collagenous connective tissue with abundant calcified material and sparse epithelial islands. A diagnosis of multiple calcifying hyperplastic dental follicles was made.

Multiple calcifying hyperplastic dental follicles: A case report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aydin, Ulkem [Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Baskent University Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara (Turkey); Baykul, Timucin [Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Dentistry, Isparta (Turkey); Yildirim, Benay [Dept. of Oral Pathology, Gazi University Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara (Turkey); Yildirim, Derya; Bozdemir, Esin [Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Dentistry, Isparta (Turkey); Karaduman, Ayse [Atlas Dent Dental Health Center, Aydin (Turkey)

2013-12-15

This report describes a 31-year-old female patient with six impacted teeth. The crowns of the impacted teeth were surrounded with cyst-like lesions with a mixed internal structure and well-defined cortical borders. Microscopic examination of the specimen obtained from the follicle of the left mandibular third molar tooth revealed loose to moderately dense collagenous connective tissue with abundant calcified material and sparse epithelial islands. A diagnosis of multiple calcifying hyperplastic dental follicles was made.

Dental caries experience among Albanian pre-school children: a national survey.

Science.gov (United States)

Hysi, D; Caglar, E; Droboniku, E; Toti, C; Kuscu, O O

2017-03-01

To determine the dental caries experience and treatment needs among 5-year-olds in Albania. This cross sectional study was conducted in 2015 by using a cluster sampling technique. The dmft was used to assess dental caries experience and caries prevalence as percentages of children with dmf⟩0. Caries treatment needs were assessed with dt/dmft x 100, missing teeth with mt/dmft x 100 and ft /dmft x 100 as the Care Index. 2,039 five-year-olds, from 17 districts of Albania were selected . Children's residency was divided into 3 main regions (South, West, Central and North). WHO 2013 diagnostic criteria were used and dental caries was recorded at cavity level d3. The mean age was 5.4 (SD 0.5) years. The caries prevalence (dmf⟩0) was 84.1%. The prevalence of children without cavitated lesions (d=0) was 20.1%. The mean dmft index was 4.41 (SD 3.83). The caries treatment needs were 84% (SD 26%). The Albanian 5-year-olds assessed in this survey had a high dental caries experience and untreated cavities in the primary dentition. The national health authorities should introduce preventive programs and improved dental care access for this age group. Copyright© 2017 Dennis Barber Ltd

The Use of Fluorescence Technology versus Visual and Tactile Examination in the Detection of Oral Lesions: A Pilot Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Ayoub, Hadeel M; Newcomb, Tara L; McCombs, Gayle B; Bonnie, Marshall

2015-02-01

This study compared the effectiveness of the VELscope® Vx versus visual and tactile intraoral examination in detecting oral lesions in an adult, high risk population. The pilot study compared the intra oral findings between 2 examination types. The sample was comprised of 30 participants who were addicted to either cigarettes or a dual addiction (cigarettes plus hookah). High risk population was defined as males who were current cigarette smokers or had a dual addiction. Two trained and experienced licensed dental hygienists conducted all examinations. Throughout the study, all visual and tactile intraoral examinations were conducted first by one dental hygienist first, followed by the VELscope® Vx fluorescence examinations by the second dental hygienist. All subjects received an inspection of the lips, labial and buccal mucosa, floor of the mouth, dorsal, ventral and lateral sides of the tongue, hard and soft palate, and visual inspection of the oropharynx and uvula. Both evaluations took place in 1 visit in the Dental Hygiene Research Center at Old Dominion University and external sites. All participants received oral cancer screening information, recommendations, referrals for tobacco cessation programs and brochures on the 2 types of examinations conducted. Participants were considered high risk based on demographics (current smokers and mostly males). Neither visual and tactile intraoral examination nor the VELscope® Vx examination showed positive lesions. No lesions were detected; therefore, no referrals were made. Data indicated the duration of tobacco use was significantly higher in cigarette smokers (14.1 years) than dual addiction smokers (5 years) (p>0.005). The average numbers of cigarettes smoked per day were 13.5 compared to 14.2 cigarettes for dual addiction smokers. Results from this study suggest the visual and tactile intraoral examination produced comparative results to the VELscope® Vx examination. Findings from this study support that the

Agenesia dental: Epidemiología, clínica y genética en pacientes antioqueños

OpenAIRE

J. Echeverri Escobar; L.A. Restrepo Perdomo; G. Vásquez Palacio; N. Pineda Trujillo; D.M. Isaza Guzmán; H.A. Manco Guzmán; M.L. Marín Botero

2013-01-01

Introducción: La odontogénesis es un proceso molecular complejo, susceptible a errores durante las etapas del desarrollo, que puede generar alteraciones, como agenesias dentales. Metodología: Se realizó una descripción epidemiológica de la agenesia dental en 814 pacientes de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Antioquía entre 2006 y 2008, con base en la historia clínica y radiografías panorámicas. Se evaluó clínica y genéticamente una familia con agenesia dental no sindrómica, se ...

Dental knowledge and attitude toward school dental-health programs among parents of kindergarten children in Winterthur.

Science.gov (United States)

Gläser-Ammann, Patricia; Lussi, Adrian; Bürgin, Walter; Leisebach, Teresa

2014-01-01

The current study investigated the attitudes and knowledge regarding diet and oral hygiene of parents with kindergarten children. The parents' statements were evaluated in terms of their socioeconomic background and were compared with the annual clinical examination of the children. The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of the school dental-health program and adapt it to today's societal needs. Of those who participated in the interview, 61% were Swiss, 16% were from former Yugoslavia or Turkey, and 12% each from the EU or other countries. Of the children examined, 39% already had caries, and 18% of those showed more than two lesions. The parents' knowledge correlated with the severity of the child's caries as well as with the parents' income, country of origin, and education. There was a correlation between the child's dental decay and lower income, as well as lower education and non-Swiss nationality of the parents. Parents with higher income and better education more often participated in the preschool's preventive program. Parents from former Yugoslavia or Turkey participated less frequently than parents from other countries. The study demonstrated that parents who especially needed instruction and prophylaxis are contacted too late or not at all through the dental-health program at kindergarten and that new approaches to prevention should be implemented to more effectively reach the parents.

Lesiones del himen en la determinación médico legal de la integridad sexual

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Pacheco D

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar las lesiones himeneales y sus variantes morfológicas. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo de julio a agosto del 2005. Resultados: Hubo 284 exámenes por denuncias de VS; 80,3% correspondió a niños y adolescentes. Los principales hallazgos fueron himen dilatable (36,9%, himen íntegro (34,8%, desgarros antiguos (13.6%, himen dilatable con lesiones recientes (4,5%, desgarros recientes (1,5%, entre otros. Conclusiones: El himen muy elástico que presenta un orificio amplio, crea dificultad en el reconocimiento de lesiones recientes. Determinar un himen ‘complaciente’ o ‘dilatable’ no niega categóricamente la introducción del pene u otro miembro del cuerpo u objeto. La Medicina Legal enseña las variantes himeneales y sus principales lesiones para que todo examinador tenga el suficiente criterio técnico y científico al momento de acreditar sus hallazgos ante una autoridad judicial o fiscal.

[Investigation on noncarious hard tissue lesions of teeth in teachers of one university in Shanghai municipality].

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Yi-li; Zhang, Zhe-dan; Guo, Jian-qing; Zhu, Ya-ping; Wang, Qun; Gao, Ling-yu

2011-06-01

To investigate the condition of four kinds of noncarious hard tissue lesions of the teeth in teachers of one university in Shanghai municipality and provide guidance about oral health care. The table and the standard on oral health survey authorized by WHO were adopted, condition of four kinds of noncarious hard tissue lesions of teeth in 776 teachers of East China University of Science was investigated and analyzed using SPSS16.0 software package. The average wedge-shaped defect teeth was 5.54±3.87, the incidence was 30.41%, caries incidence of the first bicuspid was the highest(29.52%). The incidence of tetracycline pigmentation teeth was 3.09%, the incidence of enamel hypoplasia was 2.06%, and the incidence of dental fluorosis was 1.55%. The average wedge-shaped defect teeth is higher than the data over the country, the incidence of dental textural anomaly is lower. The behaviors of oral health care of university teachers in Shanghai municipality remains to be further strengthened.

The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients visiting a dental school in Southern India

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mathew Anuna

2008-01-01

Full Text Available The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in Manipal, Karnataka State, India. A total of 1190 subjects who visited the department of oral medicine and radiology for diagnosis of various oral complaints over a period of 3 months were interviewed and clinically examined for oral mucosal lesions. The result showed the presence of one or more mucosal lesions in (41.2% of the population. Fordyce′s condition was observed most frequently (6.55% followed by frictional keratosis (5.79%, fissured tongue (5.71%, leukoedema (3.78%, smoker′s palate (2.77%, recurrent aphthae, oral submucous fibrosis (2.01%, oral malignancies (1.76%, leukoplakia (1.59%, median rhomboid glossitis (1.50%, candidiasis (1.3%, lichen planus (1.20%, varices (1.17%, traumatic ulcer and oral hairy leukoplakia (1.008%, denture stomatitis, geographic tongue, betel chewer′s mucosa and irritational fibroma (0.84%, herpes labialis, angular cheilitis (0.58%, and mucocele (0.16%. Mucosal lesions like tobacco-related lesions (leukoplakia, smoker′s palate, oral submucous fibrosis, and oral malignancies were more prevalent among men than among women. Denture stomatitis, herpes labialis, and angular cheilitis occurred more frequently in the female population.

Squamous cell carcinoma presenting as an endodontic-periodontic lesion.

Science.gov (United States)

Levi, Paul A; Kim, David M; Harsfield, Scott L; Jacobson, Erica R

2005-10-01

Regardless of advances in diagnosis and treatment during the past 40 years, the overall 5-year survival rates for oral and oropharyngeal squamous cancers have only slightly improved and remain around 50%. Thus, the early diagnosis and treatment of carcinoma by health care providers are essential in achieving a good prognosis. We report a case of invasive squamous cell carcinoma that presented as a benign endodontic-periodontic lesion with a 7-mm periodontal pocket on tooth #15 in a 40-year-old, non-smoking woman. The subsequent management of the case is also discussed. The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000. Our patient was seen for a comprehensive periodontal examination including a periodontal charting, occlusal analysis, study casts, electronic pulp test for tooth #15, and complete mouth periapical radiographs. As there was a periapical radiolucency, an endodontic consultation was obtained. A periodontal flap surgical procedure was performed on teeth #13 to #15, and as there was bone erosion into the maxillary sinus, a biopsy of the soft tissue was submitted to the local hospital for histological analysis. The biopsied lesion was diagnosed as invasive, moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with focal spindle and clear cell differentiation (grade II to III of IV). Bone invasion was also identified. The treatment of the carcinoma involved a hemimaxillectomy with the removal of the maxillary left posterior teeth. The patient remained free of tumor for 5 years after the initial presentation. Patient education and periodic oral cancer examinations by dental professionals are necessary to reduce diagnostic delay and improve prognosis. This case report emphasizes the important role of dental professionals, especially periodontists and endodontists, of being aware that squamous cell carcinoma may manifest itself clinically and/or radiographically as a common periodontal or endodontic lesion.

Lesiones torácicas graves y el enfoque del control de daños Severe thoracic lesions and the damage control approach

OpenAIRE

Mario Miguel Morales Wong; Mario Michel Gómez Hernández; Alexander Ramos Godines; Rolando González Folch

2008-01-01

En los últimos años se han desarrollado nuevas estrategias para el tratamiento del trauma grave con lesiones exanguinantes o sin ellas, pero son estas últimas las que más requieren un cambio de la forma de actuar en aras de mejorar la supervivencia. Tales estrategias quirúrgicas se han denominado cirugía de control de daños, que en esencia evita complicaciones como la tríada letal de acidosis, hipotermia y coagulopatía. A diferencia del control de daños en el abdomen, existen lesiones torácic...

Epidemiological study on periodontal diseases and some other dental disorders in dogs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Isogai, H.; Isogai, E.; Okamoto, H.; Shirakawa, H.; Nakamura, F.; Matsumoto, T.; Watanabe, T.; Miura, H.; Aoi, Y.; Kagota, W.; Takano, K.

1989-01-01

The prevalence of dental disorders in dogs was studied by applying index systems for human with some modifications. A total of 251 mongrel dogs including 143 stray dogs kept in the Animal Protection Offices in Tokyo and Hokkaido and 108 pet dogs visiting veterinary clinicians in Chiba Prefecture and Hokkaido were used. Periodontitis was prevalent among these dogs regardless of their sources and its incidence was increased with age. The lesion was more severe and more frequent in the premolar and molar regions than in the maxillary and mandibular incisor regions. Missing of teeth was observed at a high and increasing incidence with age. The tooth most commonly lost was the first premolar, followed by the other premolars and molars, where severe periodontitis was frequently found. Calculus was seen on many teeth, and aging agravated its prevalence and severity. Dental caries was observed in stray dogs, but neither to a serious degree nor at a significant level. These findings emphasize the necessity of dental hygiene, proper dental care and continuous periodical survey for dogs

Factors affecting the dental erosion severity of patients with eating disorders.

Science.gov (United States)

Otsu, Mitsuhiro; Hamura, Akira; Ishikawa, Yuiko; Karibe, Hiroyuki; Ichijyo, Tomoyasu; Yoshinaga, Yoko

2014-01-01

Intraoral disease is a common occurrence in patients with eating disorders, particularly dental erosion, which frequently becomes severe and may hinder daily life. The severity varies from patient to patient. Understanding the underlying mechanisms may help prevent dental erosion in these patients. Accordingly, we investigated the relationship between the severity of erosion and the behavior of patients with eating disorders, with a focus on daily diet and vomiting behavior. A total 71 female eating disorder outpatients from the Clinical Center of Psychosomatic Dentistry of Nippon Dental University Hospital and the Psychosomatic Internal Medicine Department of Kudanzaka Hospital or who were hospitalized at Hasegawa Hospital were enrolled. Dental erosion severity and location were determined by oral examination. Patients who induced vomiting were queried on their behavior during vomiting and on routine diet habits. Patients with dental erosion were further divided into mild and severe groups based on the lesion severity and the groups compared. Dental erosion was observed in 43 of 50 subjects who induced vomiting. Dental erosion was most frequent on the palatal side of the anterior maxillary teeth, occurring in 81.3% of the subjects. There were significant differences observed between the mild and severe groups according to post-vomiting oral hygiene. Significantly more subjects in the mild group consumed large amounts of water before vomiting, and significantly more subjects in the severe group routinely consumed carbonated beverages or sweetened food. While self-induced vomiting is the main cause of dental erosion in eating disorder patients, the erosion severity may be affected by behavior when inducing vomiting or by routine consumption of certain foods and beverages. Addressing these factors may help prevent severe dental erosion in patients who chronically induce vomiting.

75 FR 33169 - Dental Devices: Classification of Dental Amalgam, Reclassification of Dental Mercury, Designation...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-06-11

.... FDA-2008-N-0163] (formerly Docket No. 2001N-0067) RIN 0910-AG21 Dental Devices: Classification of Dental Amalgam, Reclassification of Dental Mercury, Designation of Special Controls for Dental Amalgam... the Federal Register of August 4, 2009 (74 FR 38686) which classified dental amalgam as a class II...

La ciclooxigenasa-2 (COX-2 y el factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EFG en lesiones epiteliales orales premalignas Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2 and epidermal growth factor (EGF in oral premalignant epithelial lesions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S. Díaz Prado

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Las lesiones premalignas orales incluyen eritroplasias (manchas rojas y leucoplasias (manchas blancas, las cuales se desarrollan a lo largo de superficies epiteliales. Estas lesiones son considerados marcadores en la "carcinogénesis de campo" ya que pacientes con lesiones premalignas orales pueden desarrollar carcinoma de células escamosas (CCS en el sitio de las lesiones, así como en otros lugares de tracto aerodigestivo superior. Se está haciendo un gran esfuerzo para identificar nuevos biomarcadores SEBs (surrogate endpoint biomarkers para el carcinoma de células escamosas de cabeza y cuello. Los SEBs candidatos para el carcinoma de células escamosas invasivo en el trato aerodigestivo superior deben ser detectables con los cambios moleculares celulares y tisulares que tienen lugar durante la formación del tumor. Entre los diferentes marcadores que se han propuesto hasta la actualidad, la ciclooxigenasa- 2 (COX-2 y el receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EGFR parecen ser los más prometedores. COX-2 se sobre expresa durante el proceso tumoral, desde hiperplasia temprana a enfermedad metastásica. EGFR también está anormalmente activado en tumores epiteliales, pues las células de casi todas estas neoplasias expresan altos niveles de este receptor, una característica asociada con un peor pronóstico clínico. En este sentido el tracto aerodigestivo superior proporciona un sistema o modelo único para el estudio de CCS y para la investigación de nuevos candidatos SEBs.Oral premalignant lesions include leukoplakia (white patch and erythroplakia (red patch, which develop on epithelial surfaces. These lesions are markers for field cancerization because patients with oral premalignancy can develop squamous cell carcinoma at the site of the lesion(s and at other sites in the upper aerodigestive tract. An effort is being made to identify surrogate endpoint biomarkers (SEBs for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC

El análisis del acceso de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia a la atención dental en Pernambuco: un estudio comparativo entre los años 2001 y 2009

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Italene Barros VIANA

2011-12-01

Full Text Available El estudio presenta un análisis del acceso a la atención dental individual desarrollado en el estado de Pernambuco, al comparar los años 2001 y 2009, como parte de los Equipos de Salud Bucal de la Estrategia de Salud Familiar. Así como una descripción del proceso de la evolución en la cobertura de los equipos de salud bucal en el período mencionado. El principal indicador para evaluar el acceso individual a las acciones dental se utilizó el promedio individual de procedimientos dentales básicos. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de bases de datos oficiales. Pernambuco tuvo un incremento del 881,82% en el número de ESB en los años estudiados. El promedio de los procedimientos dentales individuales aumentaron un 65% cuando se comparan los años. A pesar de la positiva evolución del indicador, este porcentaje no siguen la proporción porcentual del desarrollo de la ESB en el estado. Los resultados mostraron que el cuidado de la salud oral en Pernambuco es la abreviatura de la idealizada por el SUS. Es necesario repensar las estrategias para asegurar el acceso progresivo de todas las familias que viven en áreas cubiertas por equipos de salud bucal de las acciones de cada uno de los procedimientos dentales.

Inducción de la biosíntesis local de antocianinas en frutos de Myrciaria dubia mediante lesiones mecánicas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Motta Santillán

2014-12-01

Full Text Available En las plantas las antocianinas cumplen roles fundamentales en sus interacciones con el medio ambiente, son una de las líneas de defensa contra los radicales libres, la radiación ultravioleta y el ataque de patógenos. Observaciones realizadas muestran que los frutos de M. dubia acumulan antocianinas alrededor de lesiones mecánicas probablemente causadas por insectos. Por tanto, hemos probado la hipótesis que produciendo lesiones mecánicas en frutos verdes de M. dubia se induce la biosíntesis local de antocianinas. De tres plantas en fructificación de la colección de germoplasma del INIA se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 40 frutos verdes (25 ± 5 mm de Ø y se causaron lesiones mecánicas con estilete o bisturí al 75% de ellos. Posteriormente, se registró el porcentaje de acumulación de antocianinas por área superficial del fruto a las 0, 24, 48 y 72 horas. Se observó acumulación de antocianinas en ~10% (24 horas, ~30% (48 horas y ~70% (72 horas del área superficial de los frutos. En conclusión, las lesiones mecánicas causadas en frutos de M. dubia inducen la biosíntesis local de antocianinas, probablemente como un mecanismo de defensa efectivo desarrollado por esta especie. La comprensión de los mecanismos moleculares implicados en esta respuesta fisiológica nos permitirá establecer las bases para la mejora genética de esta especie.

Inducción de la biosíntesis local de antocianinas en frutos de Myrciaria dubia mediante lesiones mecánicas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Motta-Santillán

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En las plantas las antocianinas cumplen roles fundamentales en sus interacciones con el medio ambiente, son una de las líneas de defensa contra los radicales libres, la radiación ultravioleta y el ataque de patógenos. Observaciones realizadas muestran que los frutos de M. dubia acumulan antocianinas alrededor de lesiones mecánicas probablemente causadas por insectos. Por tanto, hemos probado la hipótesis que produciendo lesiones mecánicas en frutos verdes de M. dubia se induce la biosíntesis local de antocianinas. De tres plantas en fructificación de la colección de germoplasma del INIA se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 40 frutos verdes (25 ± 5 mm de Ø y se causaron lesiones mecánicas con estilete o bisturí al 75% de ellos. Posteriormente, se registró el porcentaje de acumulación de antocianinas por área superficial del fruto a las 0, 24, 48 y 72 horas. Se observó acumulación de antocianinas en ~10% (24 horas, ~30% (48 horas y ~70% (72 horas del área superficial de los frutos. En conclusión, las lesiones mecánicas causadas en frutos de M. dubia inducen la biosíntesis local de antocianinas, probablemente como un mecanismo de defensa efectivo desarrollado por esta especie. La comprensión de los mecanismos moleculares implicados en esta respuesta fisiológica nos permitirá establecer las bases para la mejora genética de esta especie.

Oral and dental health issues in people with mental disorders

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julio Torales

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Resumen Los pacientes con trastornos mentales están sometidos a un mayor número de factores de riesgo de enfermedades bucodentales. Ello debido a los efectos secundarios de las medicaciones que consumen, la falta de autocuidado, la dificultad para acceder a atención, la actitud hacia los profesionales sanitarios y también la falta de cooperación en los tratamientos dentales. Los trastornos mentales más comunes en nuestra población incluyen a la depresión, la ansiedad, la esquizofrenia, el trastorno bipolar y la demencia. En trastornos como la ansiedad y la depresión, el mayor problema está en la pérdida del interés hacia la salud, lo que deriva en una mala higiene. Las patologías bucodentales más frecuentes en estos pacientes son las caries y las enfermedades periodontales. El objetivo de esta breve revisión narrativa, es proporcionar información actualizada sobre el manejo de las enfermedades bucodentales de pacientes con trastornos mentales.

Corticoides intralesionales en lesiones a células gigantes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

J.P. Crestanello Nese

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Desde su descripción original, las lesiones de células gigantes (LCG han sido entidades controvertidas, desde el punto de vista de su origen, de su comportamiento clínico, de sus características radiográficas e histológicas, así como de su tratamiento. Para su tratamiento se han considerado alternativas quirúrgicas y no quirúrgicas. En este trabajo, se presentan tres nuevos casos de LCG, en los cuales se realizó infiltración intralesional con corticoides como una maniobra previa y complementaria a la quirúrgica. Luego de la infiltración, se observó una disminución del tamaño de las lesiones y un cambio en sus características macroscópicas, se trato por enucleación un caso y por remodelación quirúrgica los dos restantes.Giant cell lesions (GCL have been controversial entities since its original description. Its origin, clinical behavior, radiographic and histological features and also its treatment are polemical. The therapeutic possibilities are surgical or non surgical. In this paper, the intralesional infiltration with steroids is presented like a previous and complementary therapy to surgery alone. Three new cases of GCL are presented. All of them were first treated with intralesional infiltration with steroids. After that,a partial remission and a change of the macroscopic characteristics were observed and one of the lesion was then enucleated while for the others two surgical remodelation were necessary to do.

LA REPUTACIÓN DE LAS ESTACIONES DE ESQUÍ: RESPONSABILIDAD CON LOS ESQUIADORES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Carús Ribalaygua

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Una de las características de las actividades deportivas de montaña es la presencia de riesgo. Las estaciones de esquí deben adoptar medidas que minimicen los niveles de riesgo y siniestralidad de los esquiadores. Nuestro objetivo es recabar información que permita reducir los accidentes y promover en las estaciones de esquí una cultura que resalte los aspectos de seguridad y prevención. El trabajo analiza las sentencias dictadas en juzgados españoles, desde 1995 hasta 2008, en las que un accidente de esquí dentro del dominio esquiable de una estación fuera la causa de litigio por daños o lesiones.

Accuracy of a Computer Assisted Program for ’Classic’ Presentations of Dental Pain

Science.gov (United States)

1989-04-11

diagnosis of trauma and non-trauma related dental pain. Abscess /infection/cellulitis Acute apical abscess Acute apical periodontitis Acute...spasms Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis Neurologic injury Osseous sequestrum Occlusal trauma Periodontal abscess Periocoronitis/erupting tooth...Acute apical abscess Acute apical periodontitis Acute gingivitis Carious lesion (decay) Dentin hypersensitivity Defective restoration

Caries, Periodontal Disease, Supernumerary Teeth and Other Dental Disorders in Swedish Wild Boar (Sus scrofa).

Science.gov (United States)

Malmsten, A; Dalin, A-M; Pettersson, A

2015-07-01

Between January and December 2013, the dental and periodontal health of 99 Swedish wild boars (Sus scrofa) was investigated. Sampling occurred in conjunction with routine hunting at six large estates in the southern and middle parts of Sweden. All six of the estates use supplemental feeding. The weight of the animals, their sex and their dates of death were noted. Age was estimated using tooth eruption and tooth replacement patterns. The oral cavity was inspected and abnormalities were recorded on a dental chart modified for wild boars. The findings included supernumerary teeth, absence of teeth, mild class II malocclusion, severe tooth wear, periodontitis, calculus, caries, tooth fractures and the presence of enamel defects. Swedish wild boars suffer from different dental lesions and the impact of supplemental feeding on dental and periodontal health is still to be investigated. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Papel de las bacterias anaerobias en la etiopatogenia de la patología pulpoperiapical

OpenAIRE

Pumarola Suñé, José; Brau Aguadé, Esteban; Canalda Sahli, Carlos

1993-01-01

La mayor prevalencia de especies microbianas estrictamente anaerobias en las lesiones periapicales, particularmente Bacteroides pigmentados, y las recientes taxonomías aprobadas para determinadas especies de este grupo bacteriano ha motivado la revisión de la relevancia que tienen estos microorganismos en la etiopatogenia pulpoperiapical.

Asociación del sobrepeso y caries dental en niños de 3 a 6 años

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carmen de la Luz-Ayala-Escandón

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes: En los últimos años de nuestro país, los cambios en los patrones de alimentación han incrementado los casos de obesidad y sobrepeso en los niños. Objetivo: determinar si la prevalencia de caries dental se asocia al sobrepeso y obesidad en preescolares de la Zona Metropolitana Zacatecas-Guadalupe. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó estudio observacional de cohorte retrospectivo, en dos grupos de estudio: niños con peso normal (n=108 y niños con sobrepeso u obesidad (n=54. Para determinar el sobrepeso o peso normal, se utilizó un estadiómetro y una báscula digital, los datos se analizaron de acuerdo a los puntos de corte de IMC para cada edad según género con tablas de percentiles del Center for Diseases Control (CDC. Para el registro de la enfermedad caries dental se realizó examen clínico de las superfi\tdentales bajo luz artifi espejo dental plano, sonda de la OMS y barreras de protección, utilizando los criterios del Sistema Internacional de Evaluación y Detección de Caries Dental (ICDAS II. Los datos recopilados se procesaron en el paquete estadístico SPSS 17 para la obtención de tablas y fi\tPara determinar la asociación entre las variables de estudio se utilizó las pruebas X2 y riesgo relativo (RR. Resultados: En los niños con peso normal la prevalencia de caries fue de 77.8% mientras que en los niños con sobrepeso fue de 69.1%. Conclusiones: Este estudio no encontró evidencia de asociación entre caries dental y sobrepeso.

Dental Amalgam

Science.gov (United States)

... Products and Medical Procedures Dental Devices Dental Amalgam Dental Amalgam Share Tweet Linkedin Pin it More sharing options Linkedin Pin it Email Print Dental amalgam is a dental filling material which is ...

Prevalence of precancerous lesions and conditions in Telangana region, Andhra Pradesh, India

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

B Hari Vinay

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Aim: To assess the prevalence of oral precancerous lesions and conditions and to determine the potential risk factors associated among general population aged 20-70 years of Telangana region, Andhra Pradesh. Materials and Methods: An oral screening campaign was organized with the help of local general dental practitioners in each district. All the relevant information regarding the subject was documented and clinical examination of the oral soft tissues was carried out. Clinically diagnosed as precancerous lesion or condition were subjected to punch (incisional biopsy biopsy and evaluated histopathologically to confirm the diagnosis. Results: Among 1200 screened, 150 subjects were chewers and 136 subjects were smokers with 29 chewers and 16 smokers had precancerous lesions and conditions. An overall prevalence of oral precancerous lesions and conditions were found to be 4.2% (males 5.5%; females 2.5%. Leukoplakia was seen in 0.8%, Oral submucous fibrosis in 1.3% and lichen planus in 2% of the study population. Conclusions: The prevalence of precancerous lesions and conditions in our study is higher when compared with the reports from different parts of the country and in South East Asia. These lesions can be prevented from malignant transformation by mass screening, close monitoring, early detection, appropriate treatment plan and prognosis.

Microradiographical aspects of maxillo-dental lesions in the irradiated cat

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dambrain, R.; Dhem, A.; Winant, M.; Wambersie, A.

1986-01-01

This paper describes the reactions of bone tissue and teeth, in cats, after continuous low rate irradiation, in conditions similar to those encountered in interstitial therapy. Irradiations were performed using 3 hairpin shape iridium-192 wires. The doses were assessed following the Paris System. As far as the teeth are concerned, the development proceeds normally after 60 Gy irradiation delivered over 6 days. At 80 Gy, irradiation has an indirect effect on the teeth by altering the salivary environment; the dental crowns are coated with a thick layer of tarter and show cavities reaching the pulp. As far as the bony tissue is concerned, its normal development is not altered after 60 Gy. At 80 Gy, a destructive process appears, similar to those oberved in patients with mandibular osteoradionecrosis. The foci of destruction are very irregular in shape; the cavities do not contain osteoclasts but small mononucleated cells

Factores asociados a lesiones cervicales o presencia del virus del papiloma humano en dos poblaciones de estudiantes de Lima

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Valderrama C

2007-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia y factores asociados a lesiones cervicales o presencia del virus del papiloma humano (VPH en mujeres estudiantes en educación superior de 18 a 26 años de Lima. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal, en dos universidades y un instituto superior tecnológico de Lima, durante los meses de agosto a diciembre del 2001. Se aplicó un cuestionario y se colectaron muestras para Papanicolaou (PAP y detección del ADN de los VPH 6, 11, 16, 18 por el método de PCR (reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. Se incluyeron en el análisis 321 estudiantes que reportaron actividad sexual a quienes se tomó muestras para PAP y VPH. Resultados: La prevalencia de VPH (6, 11, 16, 18 fue de 8,4%, y para las lesiones cervicales fue 2,5% (diagnóstico a través del PAP. Las lesiones cervicales o presencia del VPH fueron más frecuentes en el grupo de 21 a 23 años (p= 0,024. La diferencia de edades (tres a más años entre la pareja sexual de mayor edad y la participante se asoció significantemente con lesiones cervicales o presencia del VPH (OR:8,8; IC95:1,9-39,6. La edad de la primera relación sexual, número de parejas sexuales y uso de condón, no mostraron significancia estadística. Conclusiones: Las lesiones cervicales o presencia del VPH son frecuentes en esta población de mujeres jóvenes. La edad y la diferencia de edades con la pareja sexual de mayor edad se asociaron a las lesiones cervicales o presencia del VPH.

Weaker dental enamel explains dental decay.

Science.gov (United States)

Vieira, Alexandre R; Gibson, Carolyn W; Deeley, Kathleen; Xue, Hui; Li, Yong

2015-01-01

Dental caries continues to be the most prevalent bacteria-mediated non-contagious disease of humankind. Dental professionals assert the disease can be explained by poor oral hygiene and a diet rich in sugars but this does not account for caries free individuals exposed to the same risk factors. In order to test the hypothesis that amount of amelogenin during enamel development can influence caries susceptibility, we generated multiple strains of mice with varying levels of available amelogenin during dental development. Mechanical tests showed that dental enamel developed with less amelogenin is "weaker" while the dental enamel of animals over-expressing amelogenin appears to be more resistant to acid dissolution.

Raquitismo resistente a la vitamina d y osteomalacia en las afecciones de los túbulos renales

OpenAIRE

Forero, José M.

2011-01-01

Las lesiones renales que se han encontrado en la mayoría de las enfermedades del riñón tales como glomérulo nefritis crónica, pielonefritis, enfermedades vasculares; producen disminución del filtrado glomerular.

Comparación del blanqueamiento dental con peróxido de hidrógeno al 25% en consultorio, utilizando o no activación con lámpara de luz halógena

OpenAIRE

Posso Moreno, Sandra Lorena; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Ramírez Ramírez, Diana Ximena; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Rosas Jaimes, Jimena Alexandra; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Güiza Cristancho, Edgar Humberto; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana

2010-01-01

Antecedentes: el blanqueamiento dental es actualmente uno de los tratamientos más solicitados para mejorar la estética dental. Las técnicas para efectuarlo utilizan agentes blanqueadores como el peróxido de carbamida, el perborato de sodio y el peróxido de hidrógeno. Investigadores y clínicos buscan usualmente saber cuáles de las técnicas que hoy son empleadas producen los mejores efectos. Propósito: determinar si el uso de luz halógena para el blanqueamiento dental con peróxido de hidrógeno ...

Hypomineralized second primary molars: prevalence, defect characteristics and relationship with dental caries in Melbourne preschool children.

Science.gov (United States)

Owen, M L; Ghanim, A; Elsby, D; Manton, D J

2018-03-01

Dental caries and enamel defects (DDE) are prevalent amongst children. The presence of DDE, especially enamel hypomineralization, may increase caries experience. The reported prevalence of hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPM) is 2.7-21.8%, although the occurrence in Australian children remains unknown. These HSPM represent a potential predictive factor for molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH). In total, 623 children aged 3-5 years from 30 randomly selected kindergartens participated. The HSPM were recorded using an index combining the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry MIH Judgment Criteria and modified DDE Index. Caries was recorded using International Caries Detection and Assessment System criteria. In total, 144 HSPM were observed in 88 of the 623 (14.1%) children, a tooth-level prevalence of 5.8%. The prevalence of dentinal carious lesions was 13.2%, and caries prevalence (d 2-6 mft > 0) was 36.4%. Cavitated carious lesions affected 30.7% of HSPM. The relationship between an increase in HSPM lesion extent and increasing number of HSPM per child was statistically significant. A positive association between HSPM severity and extent at tooth level existed (P < 0.05). There was a positive relationship between the extent of HSPM and carious lesion severity (P < 0.05). In this population, children with HSPM did not have overall greater caries experience. © 2017 Australian Dental Association.

Dental health in antique population of Vinkovci - Cibalae in Croatia (3rd-5th century).

Science.gov (United States)

Peko, Dunja; Vodanović, Marin

2016-08-01

Roman city Cibalae (Vinkovci) - the birthplace of Roman emperors Valentinian I and Valens was a very well developed urban ares in the late antique what was evidenced by numerous archaeological findings. The aim of this paper is to get insight in dental health of antique population of Cibalae. One hundred individuals with 2041 teeth dated to 3rd - 5th century AD have been analyzed for caries, antemortem tooth loss, periapical diseases and tooth wear. Prevalence of antemortem tooth loss was 4.3% in males, 5.2% in females. Prevalence of caries per tooth was 8.4% in males, 7.0% in females. Compared to other Croatian antique sites, ancient inhabitants of Roman Cibalae had rather good dental health with low caries prevalence and no gender differences. Statistically significant difference was found between males in females in the prevalence of periapical lesions and degree of tooth wear. Periapical lesions were found only in males.

Oral mucosa lesion prevalence at Department of Oral Medicine, Halimah Daeng Sikati dental hospital in Makassar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ayub Irmadani Anwar

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Oral soft tissue lesions based on clinical picture can be grouped in the form of discoloration, vesicles, tumor, erosion and ulceration. The purpose of this study is to provide apicture of people with oral mucosal lesions, including the factors thought to be the cause of the lesions listed in Department ofOral Medicine RSGMP Hj. Halimah Dg.Sikati, Makassar. This type of study is a descriptive observational study with cross-sectional research design study. This study showed that of 819 subjects, as many as 450 people were women with an average age of 15-49 years. Nutritional deficiency is one of the factors suspected to be causing the face of oral lesions in addition to other factors. These results are some what different from the results of several previous studies.

Dental perspective on Sjögren’s syndrome: literature review.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jesús Rodríguez

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The human body releases around 500-600mL of saliva daily, however when values of unstimulated whole saliva range from 0.1 to 0.2mL/min, there is a condition called Hyposalivation or hyposialia. Hyposalia is characterized by a large number of systemic conditions, including Sjögren’s syndrome, a chronic autoimmune disease that affects between 0.1 and 3% of the world population and is characterized by exocrinopathy of the salivary glands leading to glandular hypofunction and thus decreasing the normal salivary flow. Saliva is part of innate immunity, when there is a decrease in protein secretion, numerous oral manifestations occur such as dental caries, candidiasis, gingival disease, angular cheilitis, lymphomas of the salivary glands, dysphagia, erythematous and fissured tongue, among others. Currently there is no defined dental treatment, however there are alternative treatments by sialogogues and salivary substitutes, plus non-pharmacological therapies, which seek to maintain the ecology and oral conditions stable, in addition to preventive and restorative dental treatment for lesions already established as a consequence of the disease. The aim of this study is to conduct a literature review on the characteristics, classification, oral manifestations and dental management of Sjögren’s syndrome.

Mapeo cromático dental a partir de imágenes digitales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Josué González Sandoval

2015-11-01

Full Text Available El mapeo cromático dental es una técnica que consiste en la estimación de las características ópticas de la dentadura del paciente. Su objetivo es crear un mapa de tonalidades que facilite, al especialista, la elección de resinas o cerámicas a utilizar en la restauración de piezas dentales. Actualmente, el mapeo cromático se realiza comparando directamente la dentadura del paciente contra una guía de colores. Dicho procedimiento se ve afectado por diferentes factores como: condiciones ambientales, características del paciente, percepción del especialista, entre otras, lo que involucra un alto grado de subjetividad. En el presente trabajo se describe un método para el mapeo cromático dental a partir de imágenes digitales. El principal objetivo de esta propuesta es reducir la subjetividad en la selección de los materiales para la reconstrucción de piezas dentales, y en un futuro, desarrollar una herramienta que realice este trabajo automáticamente.

Dental Fear and Delayed Dental Care in Appalachia-West Virginia.

Science.gov (United States)

Wiener, R Constance

2015-08-01

The people of Appalachia-West Virginia are culturally unique and are known to have oral health disparities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate dental fear in relation to delayed dental care as a factor influencing oral health behaviors within this culture. A cross sectional study design was used. Participants were urgent care patients in a university dental clinic. The sample included 140 adults over age 18 years. The Dental Fear Survey was used to determine dental fear level. Self-report of delayed dental care was provided by the participants. The Dental Fear Survey was dichotomized at score 33, with higher scores indicating dental fear. The prevalence of dental fear was 47.1% (n=66). There was a significant association of dental fear and dental delay. The unadjusted odds ratio was 2.87 (95% CI: 1.17, 7.04; p=0.021). The adjusted odds ratio was 3.83 (95%CI: 1.14, 12.82; p=0.030), controlling for tobacco use, perceived oral health status, pain, and last dental visit. A difference in dental delay between men and women was not present in this sample. The only significant variable in delayed dental care was dental fear. In Appalachia-West Virginia, there remains a high level of dental fear, despite advances in dental care, techniques, and procedures. Copyright © 2015 The American Dental Hygienists’ Association.

El uso de las imágenes en el trauma de tórax

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Gabriel Pérez

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El trauma de tórax produce un desenlace fatal en aproximadamente un 25% de los traumatismos en general. Constituye la principal causa de morbilidad y mortalidad después del trauma craneoencefálico y las lesiones de la médula ósea; puede afectar cualquiera o la totalidad de las estructuras del tórax, desde los tejidos blandos, la pleura, los pulmones y el diafragma hasta las estructuras mediastinales incluyendo el corazón. Constituye una urgencia médica que requiere de un rápido y oportuno manejo. Su diagnóstico temprano y un adecuado tratamiento en los servicios de urgencias evitarán una resolución fatal en la mayoría de pacientes que ha sufrido un trauma de tórax teniendo en cuenta que aproximadamente solo de un 10 a 15 % requiere manejo quirúrgico. Es de vital importancia establecer un diagnóstico, por lo cual las imágenes diagnósticas, entre ellas la radiografía convencional y la tomografía computarizada multidetector juegan un papel fundamental ya que cada vez se están utilizando con mayor frecuencia porque brindan información rápida y precisa en la variedad de lesiones de los pacientes que han sufrido trauma; además las imágenes de tomografía computada multiplanar y volumétricas proporcionan una mejor visualización de las lesiones con un aumento en la comprensión de estas para así poder ofrecer un tratamiento a las lesiones secundarias a un trauma de tórax. Por lo tanto, el profesional de la medicina debe tener un conocimiento claro acerca de la ayuda diagnóstica de mejor elección y de la interpretación de la misma. Para la realización del presente artículo se hizo una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura en relación al trauma de tórax, su epidemiología, fisiopatología, clasificación y los métodos de ayudas diagnósticas por imagen que se utilizan para su adecuado diagnóstico y manejo. [Pérez, LG. El uso de las imágenes en el trauma de tórax.MedUNAB 2012; 15(3:156-166

Developing a flexible core Dental Public Health curriculum for predoctoral dental and dental hygiene schools.

Science.gov (United States)

Atchison, Kathryn; Mascarenhas, Ana Karina; Bhoopathi, Vinodh

2015-01-01

The curriculum for graduating dental and dental hygiene students must prepare them to contribute to the improvement or maintenance of health for individual patient's and the public's health. The objective is to describe the background for and the process used to develop a core Dental Public Health Curriculum for such students. The process used was to solicit and review existing dental public health curriculum in dental and dental hygiene schools; review curriculum for other health professionals; identify the themes needed to frame the curriculum; select usable materials and identify gaps in existing curricular materials; and develop appropriate curriculum materials that would embody the competencies developed for undergraduate dental and dental hygiene education. Twenty-three topics were identified as embodying the eight competencies. Based on these topics, six courses, Principles of Dental Public Health, Evidence-Based Dentistry, Ethics and Dental Public Health, Dental Public Health Policy and Advocacy, Oral Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, and Oral Health Literacy and Dental Public Health, were prepared. Each course includes syllabus, PowerPoint presentations, student assignments and activities, instructor guide, and classroom discussion points. Depending on the hours available in the existing curriculum at the dental or hygiene school, lecture presentations and take home assignments/discussions may be used independently or in combination with presentations from other courses. In addition, individual discussions and activities may be used to integrate dental public health materials into other courses. A flexible curriculum is available at the AAPHD website to enable the incorporation of DPH topics into the curriculum. © 2015 American Association of Public Health Dentistry.

Efectos de los destartaradores de ultrasonidos sobre la vitalidad pulpar en los dientes del perro. Estudio Experimental

OpenAIRE

Vérez Fraguela, José Luis

2013-01-01

Se plantea el estudio de las posibles lesiones pulpares inducidas por ultrasonidos de 29 KHz, que son los utilizados en la clínica. Se utilizaron 84 premolares, a los que se aplicaron los ultrasonidos durante 30, 60 y 90 segundos, a la par que se tomaba la temperatura de la pulpa dental, para ver su hipotético incremento. Además de las valoraciones cualitativas de las variaciones de temperatura, se realizaron estudios macroscópicos e histológicos para determinar la presencia de posi...

Alimentación, salud y demografía de las poblaciones prehistóricas de Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodríguez, J. V.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Los Andes Orientales de Colombia tienen una secuencia de poblamiento de más de 10.000 años, según los yacimientos precerámicos (10.000-3000 a.P. excavados en Tequendama, Sueva, Galindo, Nemocón, Checua y Aguazuque, que están acompañados de restos óseos humanos, además de Tibitó y El Abra. El Formativo (800 a.C. a 800 d. C. está representado por sitios funerarios como Madrid, Duitama y Arboloco. Sobre las comunidades indígenas que encontraron los españoles en el siglo XVI existen evidencias óseas de muiscas de Bogotá, Tunja, Sogamoso, además de guanes, laches y chitareros. En fin, con más de 600 individuos de los períodos precerámico, formativo y agroalfarero tardío, existe la posibilidad de un análisis osteológico que de cuenta de la variación en el tiempo y el espacio, de las principales características físicas, el problema de la etnogénesis, la alimentación, salud y estrategias demográficas. Además de contrastar la información de Colombia con el ámbito Sudamericano y abordar la problemática del poblamiento temprano de América. Se discuten los modelos migracionista, microevolutivo e integracionista sobre el poblamiento de América, además de los orígenes de algunas enfermedades infecciosas como la treponematosis y tuberculosis. Las lesiones dentales se discuten en el ámbito del tiempo, espacio, sexo y edad. Finalmente, se aborda la problemática de las estrategias adaptativas que emplearon las comunidades prehispánicas en el contexto de la ecología humana, su calidad de vida y el papel de los sacrificios humanos en las regulaciones demográficas. Se plantea el poblamiento de los Andes Orientales en dos oleadas, una por el norte por la cuenca del río Sogamoso-Chicamocha, dando origen a la diversidad nororiental, y otra por el sur, por la cuenca del río Bogotá, que configuró la diversidad suroccidental.

ENFOQUE ACTUAL DE LAS MALFORMACIONES PULMONARES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dra. Mónica Saavedra

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Las malformaciones pulmonares corresponden a distintas anomalías del sistema respiratorio que se presentan con baja incidencia (1 en cada 10.000 a 35.000 embarazos, dentro de las que se incluye a las Malformaciones Pulmonares Congénitas y de la vía aérea (MCPA, antes conocida malformación adenomatosa quística, secuestros pulmonares, lesiones híbridas y enfisema lobar congénito. Durante los últimos años se ha visto un aumento en el diagnóstico antenatal y avances en el conocimiento de la patogénesis e historia natural de esta enfermedad, pero aún existe controversia en cuanto a la clasificación a utilizar y a su tratamiento. La mayoría de los recién nacidos (90% son asintomáticos al nacer, pero hay malformaciones que generan serias complicaciones para el feto o recién nacido. El propósito de esta publicación es hacer un resumen actualizado de la historia natural, diagnóstico y tratamiento de las MCPA.

ANALSIS DEL PATRÓN Y LAS PRESIONES PLANTARES DURANTE LA RECEPCIÓN EN UNA COLCHONETA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

F. Huertas

2010-10-01

Full Text Available
Dentro de las rutinas de la gimnasia deportiva, un elemento común son las
recepciones sobre la colchoneta. En este sentido, diversos han sido los estudios cinéticos y cinemáticos realizados sobre la recepción y cuyos resultados pueden han sido útiles para la mejora en la compresión de la recepción y diseño de colchonetas. No obstante, el estudio de las presiones plantares durante la recepción no ha sido desarrollado por ninguna
investigación a pesar de que el pie transmite al cuerpo las cargas de reacción generadas en el contacto con la colchoneta y dependiendo de su magnitud, frecuencia y punto de aplicación se pueden producir diferentes lesiones. El conocimiento de dichas cargas es importante no solo para la prevención de lesiones o criterios en el diseño de colchonetas, sino también para la mejora del rendimiento deportivo, mejorando la estabilidad durante la recepción. El presente trabajo muestra cuales son las zonas del pie a analizar, el patrón y las magnitudes de las presiones plantares durante una recepción tras un salto.

Decoronation followed by dental implants placement: fundamentals, applications and explanations

Science.gov (United States)

Consolaro, Alberto; Ribeiro, Paulo Domingos; Cardoso, Maurício A.; Miranda, Dario A. Oliveira; Salfatis, Monica

2018-01-01

ABSTRACT Dental arches areas with teeth presenting dentoalveolar ankylosis and replacement root resorption can be considered as presenting normal bone, in full physiological remodeling process; and osseointegrated implants can be successfully placed. Bone remodeling will promote osseointegration, regardless of presenting ankylosis and/or replacement root resorption. After 1 to 10 years, all dental tissues will have been replaced by bone. The site, angulation and ideal positioning in the space to place the implant should be dictated exclusively by the clinical convenience, associated with previous planning. One of the advantages of decoronation followed by dental implants placement in ankylosed teeth with replacement resorption is the maintenance of bone volume in the region, both vertical and horizontal. If possible, the buccal part of the root, even if thin, should be preserved in the preparation of the cavity for the implant, as this will maintain gingival tissues looking fully normal for long periods. In the selection of cases for decoronation, the absence of microbial contamination in the region - represented by chronic periapical lesions, presence of fistula, old unconsolidated root fractures and active advanced periodontal disease - is important. Such situations are contraindications to decoronation. However, the occurrence of dentoalveolar ankylosis and replacement resorption without contamination should neither change the planning for implant installation, nor the criteria for choosing the type and brand of dental implant to be used. Failure to decoronate and use dental implants has never been reported. PMID:29791693

Scaffolds to Control Inflammation and Facilitate Dental Pulp Regeneration

Science.gov (United States)

Colombo, John S.; Moore, Amanda N.; Hartgerink, Jeffrey D.; D’Souza, Rena N.

2014-01-01