Analysing the climatic extremes of future projections for the MedCORDEX domain using RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenario

Science.gov (United States)

Bartholy, Judit; Pongracz, Rita; Pieczka, Ildiko; Szabone Andre, Karolina

2017-04-01

In this study HadGEM2 global climate model outputs were downscaled with RegCM4.3 for the entire MED-44 CORDEX area for the period 1950-2099 using RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenario. The 50-km resolution RegCM-outputs served as input for further downscaling using 10 km as a horizontal resolution for a smaller domain covering Central Europe with special focus on the Carpathian Region. RCP4.5 is a stabilization scenario while RCP8.5 is a rising radiative forcing pathway, therefore, the difference in the simulation outputs helps to quantify the inertia of the climate system, the importance of anthropogenic influence on climate, and shows the evidence for the need of mitigation and adaptation measures. Evidently, higher temperature change corresponds to RCP8.5 compared to RCP4.5. The difference of global and/or regional warming between the two scenario can reach (or even exceed) 2 °C from the second part of the century. Differences in precipitation projections are less straightforward to explain as no direct link exists with warming and radiative forcing, however, the annual distribution of precipitation is projected to change, which may lead to important consequences on society. Our analysis compares the estimated temperature and precipitation changes with special focus on extreme climatic conditions for the following 10 subregions of the MED-44 CORDEX area: Iberian Peninsula, Apennine Peninsula, Balkan Region, Asia Minor, East European Plain, Middle European Plain, Carpathian Basin, Carpathian Mountains, Alps, Western Europe.

Development of Transcriptional Fusions to Assess Leptospira interrogans Promoter Activity

Science.gov (United States)

Cerqueira, Gustavo M.; Souza, Natalie M.; Araújo, Eduardo R.; Barros, Aline T.; Morais, Zenaide M.; Vasconcellos, Sílvio A.; Nascimento, Ana L. T. O.

2011-01-01

Background Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infectious disease that affects both humans and animals. The existing genetic tools for Leptospira spp. have improved our understanding of the biology of this spirochete as well as the interaction of pathogenic leptospires with the mammalian host. However, new tools are necessary to provide novel and useful information to the field. Methodology and Principal Findings A series of promoter-probe vectors carrying a reporter gene encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) were constructed for use in L. biflexa. They were tested by constructing transcriptional fusions between the lipL41, Leptospiral Immunoglobulin-like A (ligA) and Sphingomielynase 2 (sph2) promoters from L. interrogans and the reporter gene. ligA and sph2 promoters were the most active, in comparison to the lipL41 promoter and the non-induced controls. The results obtained are in agreement with LigA expression from the L. interrogans Fiocruz L1-130 strain. Conclusions The novel vectors facilitated the in vitro evaluation of L. interrogans promoter activity under defined growth conditions which simulate the mammalian host environment. The fluorescence and rt-PCR data obtained closely reflected transcriptional regulation of the promoters, thus demonstrating the suitability of these vectors for assessing promoter activity in L. biflexa. PMID:21445252

Development of transcriptional fusions to assess Leptospira interrogans promoter activity.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo M Cerqueira

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infectious disease that affects both humans and animals. The existing genetic tools for Leptospira spp. have improved our understanding of the biology of this spirochete as well as the interaction of pathogenic leptospires with the mammalian host. However, new tools are necessary to provide novel and useful information to the field. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A series of promoter-probe vectors carrying a reporter gene encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP were constructed for use in L. biflexa. They were tested by constructing transcriptional fusions between the lipL41, Leptospiral Immunoglobulin-like A (ligA and Sphingomyelinase 2 (sph2 promoters from L. interrogans and the reporter gene. ligA and sph2 promoters were the most active, in comparison to the lipL41 promoter and the non-induced controls. The results obtained are in agreement with LigA expression from the L. interrogans Fiocruz L1-130 strain. CONCLUSIONS: The novel vectors facilitated the in vitro evaluation of L. interrogans promoter activity under defined growth conditions which simulate the mammalian host environment. The fluorescence and rt-PCR data obtained closely reflected transcriptional regulation of the promoters, thus demonstrating the suitability of these vectors for assessing promoter activity in L. biflexa.

[Prokaryotic expression of Leptospira interrogans groEL gene and immunoprotection of its products in hamsters].

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Xiaoyu; Wang, Yinhuan; Yan, Jie; Cheng, Dongqing

2013-03-01

To construct a prokaryotic expression system of groEL gene of Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagia serovar Lai strain Lai, and to determine the immunoprotective effect of recombinant GroEL protein (rGroEL) in LVG hamsters. The groEL gene was amplified by high fidelity PCR and the amplification products were then sequenced. A prokaryotic expression system of groEL gene was constructed using routine genetic engineering technique. SDS-PAGE plus Bio-Rad Gel Image Analyzer was applied to examine the expression and dissolubility of rGroEL protein while Ni-NTA affinity chromatography was used to extract the expressed rGroEL. The immunoprotective rate in rGroEL-immunized LVG hamsters was determined after challenge with L.interrogans strain Lai. The cross agglutination titers of sera from immunized hamsters with different L.interrogans serogroups were detected using MAT. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the cloned groEL gene were the same as those reported in GenBank. The constructed prokaryotic expression system of groEL gene expressed soluble rGroEL. The immunoprotective rates of 100 and 200 μg rGroEL in LVG hamsters were 50.0 % and 75.0%, respectively. The sera from the rGroEL-immunized LVG hamsters agglutinated all the L.interrogans serogroups tested with different levels. The GroEL protein is a genus-specific immunoprotective antigen of L.interrogans and can be used to develop an universal genetically engineering vaccine of Leptospira.

Transcriptional responses of Leptospira interrogans to host innate immunity: significant changes in metabolism, oxygen tolerance, and outer membrane.

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Feng Xue

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Leptospira interrogans is the major causative agent of leptospirosis. Phagocytosis plays important roles in the innate immune responses to L. interrogans infection, and L. interrogans can evade the killing of phagocytes. However, little is known about the adaptation of L. interrogans during this process. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: To better understand the interaction of pathogenic Leptospira and innate immunity, we employed microarray and comparative genomics analyzing the responses of L. interrogans to macrophage-derived cells. During this process, L. interrogans altered expressions of many genes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, energy production, signal transduction, transcription and translation, oxygen tolerance, and outer membrane proteins. Among them, the catalase gene expression was significantly up-regulated, suggesting it may contribute to resisting the oxidative pressure of the macrophages. The expressions of several major outer membrane protein (OMP genes (e.g., ompL1, lipL32, lipL41, lipL48 and ompL47 were dramatically down-regulated (10-50 folds, consistent with previous observations that the major OMPs are differentially regulated in vivo. The persistent down-regulations of these major OMPs were validated by immunoblotting. Furthermore, to gain initial insight into the gene regulation mechanisms in L. interrogans, we re-defined the transcription factors (TFs in the genome and identified the major OmpR TF gene (LB333 that is concurrently regulated with the major OMP genes, suggesting a potential role of LB333 in OMPs regulation. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first report on global responses of pathogenic Leptospira to innate immunity, which revealed that the down-regulation of the major OMPs may be an immune evasion strategy of L. interrogans, and a putative TF may be involved in governing these down-regulations. Alterations of the leptospiral OMPs up interaction with host antigen

Frequency of exposure of endangered Caspian seals to Canine distemper virus, Leptospira interrogans, and Toxoplasma gondii.

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Somayeh Namroodi

Full Text Available Canine distemper virus (CDV, Leptospira interrogans, and Toxoplasma gondii are potentially lethal pathogens associated with decline in marine mammal populations. The Caspian Sea is home for the endangered Caspian seal (Pusa caspica. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, CDV caused a series of mortality events involving at least several thousand Caspian seals. To assess current infection status in Caspian seals, we surveyed for antibodies to three pathogens with potential to cause mortality in marine mammals. During 2015-2017, we tested serum samples from 36, apparently healthy, Caspian seals, accidentally caught in fishing nets in the Caspian Sea off Northern Iran, for antibodies to CDV, L. interrogans, and T. gondii, by virus neutralization, microscopic agglutination, and modified agglutination, respectively. Twelve (33%, 6 (17%, and 30 (83% samples were positive for CDV, L. interrogans and T. gondii antibodies, respectively. The highest titers of CDV, L. interrogans, and T. gondii antibodies were 16, 400, and 50, respectively. Frequencies of antibody to these pathogens were higher in seals >1 year old compared to seals <1 year old. Two serovars of L. interrogans (Pomona and Canicola were detected. Our results suggest a need for additional studies to clarify the impact of these pathogens on Caspian seal population decline and the improvement of management programs, including systematic screening to detect and protect the remaining population from disease outbreaks.

Frequency of exposure of endangered Caspian seals to Canine distemper virus, Leptospira interrogans, and Toxoplasma gondii.

Science.gov (United States)

Namroodi, Somayeh; Shirazi, Amir S; Khaleghi, Seyyed Reza; N Mills, James; Kheirabady, Vahid

2018-01-01

Canine distemper virus (CDV), Leptospira interrogans, and Toxoplasma gondii are potentially lethal pathogens associated with decline in marine mammal populations. The Caspian Sea is home for the endangered Caspian seal (Pusa caspica). In the late 1990s and early 2000s, CDV caused a series of mortality events involving at least several thousand Caspian seals. To assess current infection status in Caspian seals, we surveyed for antibodies to three pathogens with potential to cause mortality in marine mammals. During 2015-2017, we tested serum samples from 36, apparently healthy, Caspian seals, accidentally caught in fishing nets in the Caspian Sea off Northern Iran, for antibodies to CDV, L. interrogans, and T. gondii, by virus neutralization, microscopic agglutination, and modified agglutination, respectively. Twelve (33%), 6 (17%), and 30 (83%) samples were positive for CDV, L. interrogans and T. gondii antibodies, respectively. The highest titers of CDV, L. interrogans, and T. gondii antibodies were 16, 400, and 50, respectively. Frequencies of antibody to these pathogens were higher in seals >1 year old compared to seals <1 year old. Two serovars of L. interrogans (Pomona and Canicola) were detected. Our results suggest a need for additional studies to clarify the impact of these pathogens on Caspian seal population decline and the improvement of management programs, including systematic screening to detect and protect the remaining population from disease outbreaks.

The Role of Cgrp-Receptor Component Protein (Rcp in Cgrp-Mediated Signal Transduction

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M. A. Prado

2001-01-01

Full Text Available The calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP-receptor component protein (RCP is a 17-kDa intracellular peripheral membrane protein required for signal transduction at CGRP receptors. To determine the role of RCP in CGRP-mediated signal transduction, RCP was depleted from NIH3T3 cells using antisense strategy. Loss of RCP protein correlated with loss of cAMP production by CGRP in the antisense cells. In contrast, loss of RCP had no effect on CGRP-mediated binding; therefore RCP is not acting as a chaperone for the CGRP receptor. Instead, RCP is a novel signal transduction molecule that couples the CGRP receptor to the cellular signal transduction machinery. RCP thus represents a prototype for a new class of signal transduction proteins that are required for regulation of G protein-coupled receptors.

Leptospira Interrogans Induces Fibrosis in the Mouse Kidney through Inos-Dependent, TLR- and NLR-Independent Signaling Pathways

Science.gov (United States)

Fanton d'Andon, Martine; Quellard, Nathalie; Fernandez, Béatrice; Ratet, Gwenn; Lacroix-Lamandé, Sonia; Vandewalle, Alain; Boneca, Ivo G.; Goujon, Jean-Michel; Werts, Catherine

2014-01-01

Background Leptospira (L.) interrogans are bacteria responsible for a worldwide reemerging zoonosis. Rodents carry L. interrogans asymptomatically in their kidneys and excrete bacteria in the urine, contaminating the environment. Humans get infected through skin contact and develop a mild or severe leptospirosis that may lead to renal failure and fibrosis. L. interrogans provoke an interstitial nephritis, but the induction of fibrosis caused by L. interrogans has not been studied in murine models. Innate immune receptors from the TLR and NLR families have recently been shown to play a role in the development and progression of tissue fibrosis in the lung, liver and kidneys under different pathophysiological situations. We recently showed that TLR2, TLR4, and NLRP3 receptors were crucial in the defense against leptospirosis. Moreover, infection of a human cell line with L. interrogans was shown to induce TLR2-dependent production of fibronectin, a component of the extracellular matrix. Therefore, we thought to assess the presence of renal fibrosis in L. interrogans infected mice and to analyze the contribution of some innate immune pathways in this process. Methodology/principal findings Here, we characterized by immunohistochemical studies and quantitative real-time PCR, a model of Leptospira-infected C57BL/6J mice, with chronic carriage of L. interrogans inducing mild renal fibrosis. Using various strains of transgenic mice, we determined that the renal infiltrates of T cells and, unexpectedly, TLR and NLR receptors, are not required to generate Leptospira-induced renal fibrosis. We also show that the iNOS enzyme, known to play a role in Leptospira-induced interstitial nephritis, also plays a role in the induction of renal fibrosis. Conclusion/significance To our knowledge, this work provides the first experimental murine model of sustained renal fibrosis induced by a chronic bacterial infection that may be peculiar, since it does not rely on TLR or NLR receptors

Development of Design Concept and Applied Technology for RCP Performance Test Facility

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Park, Sang Jin; Lee, Jung Ho; Yoon, Seok Ho

2010-02-01

Performance test facility for RCP (reactor coolant pump) is essential to verify the performance and reliability of RCP before installation in the nuclear power plant. The development of RCP for new-type reactor and the performance verification of hydraulic revolving body also needs the RCP test facility. The design concept of test loop and the technology of flow rate measurement are investigated in this research

An Experience of Thermowell Design in RCP Test Facility

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Y. S.; Kim, B. D.; Youn, Y. J.; Jeon, W. J.; Kim, S.; Bae, B. U.; Cho, Y. J.; Choi, H. S.; Park, J. K; Cho, S. [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2015-10-15

Flow rates for the test should vary in the range of 90% to 130% of rated flowrate under prototypic operational conditions, as shown in Table 1. Generally for the flow control, a combination of a control valve and an orifice was used in previous RCP test facilities. From the commissioning startup of the RCP test facility, it was found the combination of valve and orifice induced quite a large vibration for the RCP. As a solution to minimize the vibration and to facilitate the flowrate control, one of KAERI's staff suggested a variable restriction orifice (VRO), which controls most of the required flowrates except highest flowrates, as shown in Fig. 2. For the highest flowrates, e.g., around run-out flowrate (130%), control valves in bypass lines were also used to achieve required flowrates. From a performance test, it was found the VRO is very effective measures to control flowrates in the RCP test facility. During the commissioning startup operation, one of thermowells located at the upstream of the RCP was cracked due to high speed coolant velocity, which was - fortunately - found under a leakage test before running the RCP test loop. The cracked thermowell, whose tapered-shank was detached from the weld collar after uninstalling, is shown in Fig. 3. As can be seen the figure, most of the cross-section at the root of the thermowell shank was cracked. In this paper, an investigation of the integrity of thermowells in the RCP test facility was performed according to the current code and overall aspects on the thermowell designs were also discussed. An RCP test facility has been constructed in KAERI. During the commissioning startup operation, one of thermowells was cracked due to high speed coolant velocity. To complete the startup operation, a modified design of thermowells was proposed and all the original thermowells were replaced by the modified ones. From evaluation of the original and modified designs of thermowells according to the recent PTC code, the

Cloning, high-level expression, purification and crystallization of peptide deformylase from Leptospira interrogans.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Yikun; Ren, Shuangxi; Gong, Weimin

2002-05-01

A new peptide deformylase (PDF; EC 3.5.1.27) gene from Leptospira interrogans was identified and cloned into expression plasmid pET22b(+) and was highly expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). With DEAE-Sepharose anion-exchange chromatography followed by Superdex G-75 size-exclusion chromatography, 60 mg of PDF from L. interrogans was purified from 1 l of cell culture. Crystallization screening of the purified enzyme resulted in two crystal forms, from one of which a 3 A resolution X-ray diffraction data set has been collected.

Effects of Culling on Leptospira interrogans Carriage by Rats

Science.gov (United States)

Byers, Kaylee A.; Donovan, Christina M.; Bidulka, Julie J.; Stephen, Craig; Patrick, David M.; Himsworth, Chelsea G.

2018-01-01

We found that lethal, urban rat control is associated with a significant increase in the odds that surviving rats carry Leptospira interrogans. Our results suggest that human interventions have the potential to affect and even increase the prevalence of zoonotic pathogens within rat populations. PMID:29350160

Draft Genome Sequence of Leptospira interrogans Serovar Bataviae Strain LepIMR 22 Isolated from a Rodent in Johor, Malaysia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Amran, Fairuz; Mohd Khalid, Mohd Khairul Nizam; Mohamad, Saharuddin; Mat Ripen, Adiratna; Ahmad, Norazah; Goris, Marga G. A.; Muhammad, Ayu Haslin; Noor Halim, Nurul Atiqah

2016-01-01

Leptospira interrogans serovar Bataviae was recently identified as one of the persistent Leptospira serovars in Malaysia. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the L. interrogans serovar Bataviae strain LepIMR 22 isolated from kidney of a rodent in Johor, Malaysia

The passive diffusion of Leptospira interrogans

Science.gov (United States)

Koens, Lyndon; Lauga, Eric

2014-12-01

Motivated by recent experimental measurements, the passive diffusion of the bacterium Leptospira interrogans is investigated theoretically. By approximating the cell shape as a straight helix and using the slender-body-theory approximation of Stokesian hydrodynamics, the resistance matrix of Leptospira is first determined numerically. The passive diffusion of the helical cell is then obtained computationally using a Langevin formulation which is sampled in time in a manner consistent with the experimental procedure. Our results are in excellent quantitative agreement with the experimental results with no adjustable parameters.

OPR1000 RCP Flow Coastdown Analysis using SPACE Code

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Dong-Hyuk; Kim, Seyun [KHNP CRI, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2016-10-15

The Korean nuclear industry developed a thermal-hydraulic analysis code for the safety analysis of PWRs, named SPACE(Safety and Performance Analysis Code for Nuclear Power Plant). Current loss of flow transient analysis of OPR1000 uses COAST code to calculate transient RCS(Reactor Coolant System) flow. The COAST code calculates RCS loop flow using pump performance curves and RCP(Reactor Coolant Pump) inertia. In this paper, SPACE code is used to reproduce RCS flowrates calculated by COAST code. The loss of flow transient is transient initiated by reduction of forced reactor coolant circulation. Typical loss of flow transients are complete loss of flow(CLOF) and locked rotor(LR). OPR1000 RCP flow coastdown analysis was performed using SPACE using simplified nodalization. Complete loss of flow(4 RCP trip) was analyzed. The results show good agreement with those from COAST code, which is CE code for calculating RCS flow during loss of flow transients. Through this study, we confirmed that SPACE code can be used instead of COAST code for RCP flow coastdown analysis.

Risk Analyses of Charging Pump Control Improvements for Alternative RCP Seal Cooling

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Eun-Chan [Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co. Ltd. Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2015-10-15

There are two events that significantly affect the plant risk during a TLOCCW event. One is an event in which the seal assembly of a reactor coolant pump (RCP) fails due to heating stress from the loss of cooling water; the other is an event in which the operators fail to conduct alternative cooling for the RCP seal during the accident. KHNP reviewed the replacement of the RCP seal with a qualified shutdown seal in order to remove the risk due to RCP seal failure during a TLOCCW. As an optional measure, a design improvement in the alternative cooling method for the RCP seal is being considered. This analysis presents the alternative RCP seal cooling improvement and its safety effect. K2 is a nuclear power plant with a Westinghouse design, and it has a relatively high CDF during TLOCCW events because it has a different CCW system design and difficulty in preparing alternative cooling water sources. This analysis confirmed that an operator action providing cold water to the RWST as RCP seal injection water during a TLOCCW event is very important in K2. The control circuit improvement plan for the auxiliary charging pump was established in order to reduce the failure probability of this operator action. This analysis modeled the improvement as a fault tree and evaluated the resulting CDF change. The consequence demonstrated that the RCP seal injection failure probability was reduced by 89%, and the CDF decreased by 28%.

Draft Genome Sequence of Leptospira interrogans Serovar Bataviae Strain LepIMR 22 Isolated from a Rodent in Johor, Malaysia.

Science.gov (United States)

Amran, Fairuz; Mohd Khalid, Mohd Khairul Nizam; Mohamad, Saharuddin; Mat Ripen, Adiratna; Ahmad, Norazah; Goris, Marga G A; Muhammad, Ayu Haslin; Noor Halim, Nurul Atiqah

2016-09-08

Leptospira interrogans serovar Bataviae was recently identified as one of the persistent Leptospira serovars in Malaysia. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the L. interrogans serovar Bataviae strain LepIMR 22 isolated from kidney of a rodent in Johor, Malaysia. Copyright © 2016 Amran et al.

The passive diffusion of Leptospira interrogans

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Koens, Lyndon; Lauga, Eric

2014-01-01

Motivated by recent experimental measurements, the passive diffusion of the bacterium Leptospira interrogans is investigated theoretically. By approximating the cell shape as a straight helix and using the slender-body-theory approximation of Stokesian hydrodynamics, the resistance matrix of Leptospira is first determined numerically. The passive diffusion of the helical cell is then obtained computationally using a Langevin formulation which is sampled in time in a manner consistent with the experimental procedure. Our results are in excellent quantitative agreement with the experimental results with no adjustable parameters. (paper)

Leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni harbors two lexA genes involved in SOS response.

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Luciane S Fonseca

Full Text Available Bacteria activate a regulatory network in response to the challenges imposed by DNA damage to genetic material, known as the SOS response. This system is regulated by the RecA recombinase and by the transcriptional repressor lexA. Leptospira interrogans is a pathogen capable of surviving in the environment for weeks, being exposed to a great variety of stress agents and yet retaining its ability to infect the host. This study aims to investigate the behavior of L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni after the stress induced by DNA damage. We show that L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni genome contains two genes encoding putative LexA proteins (lexA1 and lexA2 one of them being potentially acquired by lateral gene transfer. Both genes are induced after DNA damage, but the steady state levels of both LexA proteins drop, probably due to auto-proteolytic activity triggered in this condition. In addition, seven other genes were up-regulated following UV-C irradiation, recA, recN, dinP, and four genes encoding hypothetical proteins. This set of genes is potentially regulated by LexA1, as it showed binding to their promoter regions. All these regions contain degenerated sequences in relation to the previously described SOS box, TTTGN 5CAAA. On the other hand, LexA2 was able to bind to the palindrome TTGTAN10TACAA, found in its own promoter region, but not in the others. Therefore, the L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni SOS regulon may be even more complex, as a result of LexA1 and LexA2 binding to divergent motifs. New possibilities for DNA damage response in Leptospira are expected, with potential influence in other biological responses such as virulence.

The EbpA-RpoN Regulatory Pathway of the Pathogen Leptospira interrogans Is Essential for Survival in the Environment

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Wei-Lin; Pappas, Christopher J.; Zhang, Jun-Jie; Yang, You-Yun; Yan, Jie

2016-01-01

ABSTRACT Leptospira interrogans is the agent of leptospirosis, a reemerging zoonotic disease. It is transmitted to humans through environmental surface waters contaminated by the urine of mammals chronically infected by pathogenic strains able to survive in water for long periods. Little is known about the regulatory pathways underlying environmental sensing and host adaptation of L. interrogans during its enzootic cycle. This study identifies the EbpA-RpoN regulatory pathway in L. interrogans. In this pathway, EbpA, a σ54 activator and putative prokaryotic enhancer-binding protein (EBP), and the alternative sigma factor RpoN (σ54) control expression of at least three genes, encoding AmtB (an ammonium transport protein) and two proteins of unknown function. Electrophoresis mobility shift assay demonstrated that recombinant RpoN and EbpA bind to the promoter region and upstream of these three identified genes, respectively. Genetic disruption of ebpA in L. interrogans serovar Manilae virtually abolished expression of the three genes, including amtB in two independent ebpA mutants. Complementation of the ebpA mutant restored expression of these genes. Intraperitoneal inoculation of gerbils with the ebpA mutant did not affect mortality. However, the ebpA mutant had decreased cell length in vitro and had a significantly lowered cell density at stationary phase when grown with l-alanine as the sole nitrogen source. Furthermore, the ebpA mutant has dramatically reduced long-term survival ability in water. Together, these studies identify a regulatory pathway, the EbpA-RpoN pathway, that plays an important role in the zoonotic cycle of L. interrogans. IMPORTANCE Leptospirosis is a reemerging disease with global importance. However, our understanding of gene regulation of the spirochetal pathogen Leptospira interrogans is still in its infancy, largely due to the lack of robust tools for genetic manipulation of this spirochete. Little is known about how the pathogen

The EbpA-RpoN Regulatory Pathway of the Pathogen Leptospira interrogans Is Essential for Survival in the Environment.

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Wei-Lin; Pappas, Christopher J; Zhang, Jun-Jie; Yang, You-Yun; Yan, Jie; Picardeau, Mathieu; Yang, X Frank

2017-02-01

Leptospira interrogans is the agent of leptospirosis, a reemerging zoonotic disease. It is transmitted to humans through environmental surface waters contaminated by the urine of mammals chronically infected by pathogenic strains able to survive in water for long periods. Little is known about the regulatory pathways underlying environmental sensing and host adaptation of L. interrogans during its enzootic cycle. This study identifies the EbpA-RpoN regulatory pathway in L. interrogans In this pathway, EbpA, a σ 54 activator and putative prokaryotic enhancer-binding protein (EBP), and the alternative sigma factor RpoN (σ 54 ) control expression of at least three genes, encoding AmtB (an ammonium transport protein) and two proteins of unknown function. Electrophoresis mobility shift assay demonstrated that recombinant RpoN and EbpA bind to the promoter region and upstream of these three identified genes, respectively. Genetic disruption of ebpA in L. interrogans serovar Manilae virtually abolished expression of the three genes, including amtB in two independent ebpA mutants. Complementation of the ebpA mutant restored expression of these genes. Intraperitoneal inoculation of gerbils with the ebpA mutant did not affect mortality. However, the ebpA mutant had decreased cell length in vitro and had a significantly lowered cell density at stationary phase when grown with l-alanine as the sole nitrogen source. Furthermore, the ebpA mutant has dramatically reduced long-term survival ability in water. Together, these studies identify a regulatory pathway, the EbpA-RpoN pathway, that plays an important role in the zoonotic cycle of L. interrogans IMPORTANCE: Leptospirosis is a reemerging disease with global importance. However, our understanding of gene regulation of the spirochetal pathogen Leptospira interrogans is still in its infancy, largely due to the lack of robust tools for genetic manipulation of this spirochete. Little is known about how the pathogen achieves its

Guías clinicas de RCP y SRI enfermería

OpenAIRE

Donis Mulero, Elena

2015-01-01

La reanimación cardiopulmonar (RCP) es un procedimiento de emergencia para salvar vidas que se lleva a cabo cuando una persona se encuentra en parada cardiorrespiratoria (PCR). Tanto la técnica de RCP como la de intubación, son aspectos olvidados por los profesionales de la salud. Recopilar las últimas recomendaciones sobre RCP para poder elaborar un programa sencillo enfocado a la enfermería. Elaborar una guía sencilla de secuencia rápida de intubación (SRI). Revisión bibliográfica en la que...

Characterization of Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona isolated from swine in Brazil

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Miraglia, Fabiana; Moreno, Luisa Z.; Morais, Zenaide M.; Langoni, Helio; Shimabukuro, Fabio H.; Dellagostin, Odir A.; Hartskeerl, Rudy; Vasconcellos, Silvio A.; Moreno, Andrea Micke

2015-01-01

Leptospira interrogans swine infection is a cause of serious economic loss and a potential human health hazard. In Brazil, the most common serovars associated with swine infections are Pomona, Icterohaemorrhagie and Tarassovi. Cross-reactions among serovars and the failure of infected animals to

PENGGUNAAN KRITERIA rcP PADA PEMILIHAN PEUBAH BEBAS TERBAIK JIKA TERDAPAT MULTIKOLINEARITAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Harmi Sugiarti

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Some procedures can be used for selecting independent variables, one of them is the procedure of all possible regression with robust Cp (RCp criterion. This statistic is not sensitive with multicollinearity in model and outlier residuals. The aim of this article is to investigate the use of RCp criterion in selecting independent variables. The result of the simulation experimental data shows that the RCp criterion fits enough to select independent variables.

Putative outer membrane proteins of Leptospira interrogans stimulate human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECS) and express during infection.

Science.gov (United States)

Gómez, Ricardo M; Vieira, Monica L; Schattner, Mirta; Malaver, Elisa; Watanabe, Monica M; Barbosa, Angela S; Abreu, Patricia A E; de Morais, Zenaide M; Cifuente, Javier O; Atzingen, Marina V; Oliveira, Tatiane R; Vasconcellos, Silvio A; Nascimento, Ana L T O

2008-01-01

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are surface receptors present in eukaryotic cells that mediate cell-cell or cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Vascular endothelium stimulation in vitro that lead to the upregulation of CAMs was reported for the pathogenic spirochaetes, including rLIC10365 of Leptospira interrogans. In this study, we report the cloning of LIC10507, LIC10508, LIC10509 genes of L. interrogans using Escherichia coli as a host system. The rational for selecting these sequences is due to their location in L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni genome that has a potential involvement in pathogenesis. The genes encode for predicted lipoproteins with no assigned functions. The purified recombinant proteins were capable to promote the upregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin on monolayers of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECS). In addition, the coding sequences are expressed in the renal tubules of animal during bacterial experimental infection. The proteins are probably located at the outer membrane of the bacteria since they are detected in detergent-phase of L. interrogans Triton X-114 extract. Altogether our data suggest a possible involvement of these proteins during bacterial infection and provide new insights into the role of this region in the pathogenesis of Leptospira.

Complete genome sequence of Leptospira interrogans serovar Bratislava, strain PigK151

Science.gov (United States)

The genus Leptospira contains pathogens serologically classified into over 250 serovars, intermediate pathogens and saprophytes with genetic classification into 21 different species. Worldwide, leptospirosis is one of the most widespread zoonoses. L. interrogans serovar Bratislava has been isolated ...

The classification of Sejroe group serovars of Leptospira interrogans with monoclonal antibodies

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Terpstra, W. J.; Korver, H.; van Leeuwen, J.; Klatser, P. R.; Kolk, A. H.

1985-01-01

Using the hybridoma technique we produced monoclonal antibodies to serovars of Leptospira interrogans. We focussed on serovar hardjo which is an important pathogen for humans and animals, and on other serovars of the Sejroe group. With combinations of monoclonals, characteristic patterns of

Simulated Extreme Prepitation Indices over Northeast Brasil in Current Climate and Future Scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5

Science.gov (United States)

Wender Santiago Marinho, Marcos; Araújo Costa, Alexandre; Cassain Sales, Domingo; Oliveira Guimarães, Sullyandro; Mariano da Silva, Emerson; das Chagas Vasconcelos Júnior, Francisco

2013-04-01

In this study, we analyzed extreme precipitation indices, for present and future modeled climates over Northeast of Brazil (NEB), from CORDEX simulations over the domain of Tropical Americas. The period for the model validation was from 1989-2007, using data from the European Center (ECWMF) Reanalysis, ERA-INTERIM, as input to drive the regional model (RAMS 6.0). Reanalysis data were assimilated via both lateral boundaries and the entire domain (a much weaker "central nudging"). Six indices of extreme precipitation were calculated over NEB: the average number of days above 10, 20 and 30 mm in one year (R10, R20, R30), the number of consecutive dry days (CDD), the number of consecutive wet days (CWD) and the maximum rainfall in five consecutive days (RX5). Those indices were compared against two independent databases: MERRA (Modern Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications) and TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission). After validation, climate simulations were performed for the present climate (1985-2005) and short-term (2015-2035), mid-term (2045-2065) and long-term (2079 to 2099) future climates for two scenarios: RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, nesting RAMS into HadGEM2-ES global model (a participant of CMIP5). Along with the indices, we also calculated Probability Distribution Functions (PDFs) to study the behavior of daily precipitation in the present and by the end of the 21st century (2079 to 2099) to assess possible changes under RCPs 4.5 and 8.5. The regional model is capable of representing relatively well the extreme precipitation indices for current climate, but there is some difficulties in performing a proper validation since the observed databases disagree significantly. Future projections show significant changes in most extreme indices. Rnn generally tend to increase, especially under RCP8.5. More significant changes are projected for the long-term period, under RCP8.5, which shows a pronounced R30 enhancement over northern states. CDD tends

Estudos estruturais de proteínas de Leptospira interrogans sorovar Copenhageni potencialmente localizadas no envelope celular

OpenAIRE

Priscila Oliveira de Giuseppe

2010-01-01

Resumo: Leptospira interrogans é uma bactéria espiroqueta que causa a leptospirose, uma zoonose de distribuição mundial que afeta mais de 500.000 pessoas anualmente. Pouco se sabe sobre a biologia de leptospiras, o que dificulta a elaboração de novas estratégias de prevenção e de tratamento contra a doença. Cerca de 60 % dos genes de L. interrogans codifica proteínas que não apresentam similaridade de sequência significativa com proteínas de função conhecida. Como a estrutura cristalográfica ...

Von Roll RCP method - first experiences; Von Roll RCP - Verfahren. Erste Erfahrungen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Capitaine, P.; Engweiler, J. [Roll Umwelttechnik AG, Zuerich (Switzerland)

1998-09-01

The RCP method was designed as a residue-optimised alternative to the thermally optimised grate firing of residual wastes. Its technical realisation and development to market maturity took no more than 5 years. In the first process stage the waste is converted to high-carbon pyrolysis charcoal and high-rank gas in the absence of oxygen. In the second stage these substances are oxidised by addition of oxygen. The resulting temperature causes the non-combustible constituents of the slag to melt. In a third, optional, stage this molten slag can be liberated of (heavy) metals to such an extent that it can subsequently be used directly as additive for grinding. Further exhaust gas treatment is facilitated by the use of a circulatory fluidised-bed secondary combustion chamber. Despite the reduced flue gas volume and resultant higher pollutant concentrations in the crude gas, overall emissions are lower than in conventional plants. [Deutsch] Das reststoffoptimierte RCP Verfahren ist als Alternative zur thermisch optimierten Rostverbrennung von Restabfaellen konzipiert. In nur fuenf Jahren wurde das Verfahren technisch umgesetzt und zur Marktreife entwickelt. In einer ersten Stufe des Verfahrens wird der Abfall unter Luftabschluss in einen kohlenstoffreichen Pyrolysekoks und eine heizwertreiches Gas umgesetzt. Im zweiten Schritt werden diese Stoffe unter Zugabe von Sauerstoff oxidiert. Dabei treten Temperaturen auf, bei denen die nichtbrennbaren Bestandteile der Schlacke schmelzen. Optional wird diese Schmelzschlacke in einem dritten Schritt derart von (Schwer-) Metallen befreit, dass sie anschliessend direkt als Zement-Zumahlstoff eingesetzt werden kann. Die Nutzung der zirkulierenden Wirbelschicht - Nachbrennkammer zur Abgasbehandlung vereinfacht die weitergehende Abgasbehandlung. Trotz verringertem Rauchgasvolumen und damit hoeheren Schadstoffkonzentrationen im Rohgas werden die Gesamtemissionen gegenueber konventionellen Anlagen verringert. (orig./SR)

A simplified time-dependent recovery model as applied to RCP seal LOCAs

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kohut, P.; Bozoki, G.; Fitzpatrick, R.

1991-01-01

In Westinghouse-designed reactors, the reactor coolant pump (RCP) seals constantly require a modest amount of cooling. This cooling function depends on the service water (SW) system. Upon the loss of the cooling function due to the unavailability of the SW, component cooling water system or electrical power (station blackout), the RCP seals may degrade, resulting in a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA). Recent studies indicate that the frequency of the loss of SW initiating events is higher than previously thought. This change significantly increases the core damage frequency contribution from RCP seal failure. The most critical/dominant element in the loss of SW events was found to be the SW-induced RCP seal failure. For these potential accident scenarios, there are large uncertainties regarding the actual frequency of RCP seal LOCA, the resulting leakage rate, and time-dependent behavior. The roles of various recovery options based on the time evolution of the seal LOCA have been identified and taken into account in recent NUREG-1150 probabilistic risk assessment PRA analyses. In this paper, a consistent time-dependent recovery model is described that takes into account the effects of various recovery actions based on explicit considerations given to a spectrum of time- and flow-rate dependencies. The model represents a simplified approach but is especially useful when extensive seal leak rate and core uncovery information is unavailable

Protein and antigen profiles of Leptospira interrogans serovar Hardjo Perfil proteico e antigênico da Leptospira interrogans sorovariedade Hardjo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bárbara Nobre Lafetá

2009-12-01

Full Text Available The protein profile of the outer membrane of Leptospira interrogans serovar Hardjo subtype hardjoprajitno associated with the bovine natural immune response was investigated. The outer membrane proteins were extracted utilizing Triton X114 and precipitated with acetone. The protein sample was then resolved by SDS-PAGE and reacted in western blot against sera from a hyperimmune rabbit and from naturally infected bovines. In silver stained gels, 14 protein bands were observed, among which four proteins, with 22, 29, 47 and 63kDa, appeared as major constituents. Western blot tests with hyperimmune rabbit antiserum detected bands corresponding to proteins with 35; 27; 24; 21; 17 and 14kDa, while 32kDa and 45kDa proteins were the most immunoreactive with sera from naturally infected bovines.Estudou-se o perfil proteico da membrana externa da Leptospira interrogans sorovariedade Hardjo, amostra hardjoprajitno, associado à resposta imune natural de bovinos infectados. Foram utilizados Triton X114 para a extração das proteínas de membrana externa e acetona para precipitá-las. As proteínas extraídas foram analisadas por SDS-PAGE e western blot contra soro de coelhos hiperimunes e de bovinos naturalmente infectados. Em géis corados com nitrato de prata, 14 bandas proteicas foram identificadas, e quatro dessas bandas, com 22, 29, 47 e 63kDa, foram as mais proeminentes. Os western blots com soro hiperimune de coelho detectaram bandas correspondentes a proteínas com pesos moleculares de 35, 27, 24, 21, 17 e 14kDa, e bandas de 32 e 45kDa destacaram-se nos testes com soros de bovinos naturalmente infectados.

Isolation of Salmonella enterica and serologic reactivity to Leptospira interrogans in opossums (Didelphis virginiana) from Yucatán, México.

Science.gov (United States)

Ruiz-Pina, Hugo Antonio; Puc-Franco, Miguel Angel; Flores-Abuxapqui, Javier; Vado-Solis, Ignacio; Cardenas-Marrufo, María Fidelia

2002-01-01

The presence of Salmonella enterica and serologic evidence of infection by Leptospira interrogans, were detected in the opossum Didelphis virginiana in a semi-urban locality of the Yucatán State, México. Ninety-one opossums were captured during the period April 1996 and May 1998. From a total of 17 feces samples, four Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotypes (Sandiego, Newport, Anatum, and Minnesota), and one Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae serovar O44:Z4,Z23:- were isolated. Some opossums presented mixed infections. From 81 sera samples, four (4.9%) were positive to antibodies to Leptospira serovars pomona and wolfii. Both animals infected with Salmonella enterica and those serologically positive to Leptospira interrogans were captured in peridomestic habitat. Opossums infected with Salmonella enterica, were captured in dry season, and those seropositive to Leptospira interrogans during the rainy season. The implications of infection and reactivity of these zoonotic pathogens in D. virginiana in the Yucatan state are briefly discussed.

Domestic activity for technical development of the APR1400's RCP performance test

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cho, Seok; Kim, Seok; Bae, Byung-Uhn; Cho, Yun-Jae; Kim, Yeon-Sik; Jeon, Woo-Jin; Yun, Young-Jung [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2015-10-15

The thermal hydraulic and electric capability of the RCP test facility (RCPTF) covers up to 18.5 MPa, 343 .deg. C, 11.7 m{sup 3}/s, and 14.0 MW in the design pressure, temperature, flow rate, and the maximum electric power, respectively. In 2013, commissioning test had been performed to verify its designed capability, followed by several modifications in the RCPTF including signal processing and control logic to enhance verification and evaluation capability of the RCP performance. After finishing the commissioning and modification of the RCPTF, type test for the new-type RCP had been performed successfully. In this paper, several technical issues developed in the 2013 and the type test's method and results will be described. In the present paper, the technical activities for the development of the verification test of APR1400's RCP are described. KAERI has completed the full set of technology development, prerequisite for the RCP verification test, and now on the way to perform a test for the sealing capacity of the seal assembly during the Station Block Out (SBO) condition of APR1400.

Molecular characterization, serotyping, and antibiotic susceptibility profile of Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni isolates from Brazil

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Miraglia, Fabiana; Matsuo, Minekazo; Morais, Zenaide Maria; Dellagostin, Odir Antonio; Seixas, Fabiana Kömmling; Freitas, Julio César; Hartskeerl, Rudy; Moreno, Luisa Zanolli; Costa, Bárbara Letícia; Souza, Gisele Oliveira; Vasconcellos, Silvio Arruda; Moreno, Andrea Micke

2013-01-01

Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae is the major serogroup infecting humans worldwide, and rodents and dogs are the most significant transmission sources in urban environments. Knowledge of the prevalent serovars and their maintenance hosts is essential to understand the

[Expression changes of major outer membrane protein antigens in Leptospira interrogans during infection and its mechanism].

Science.gov (United States)

Zheng, Linli; Ge, Yumei; Hu, Weilin; Yan, Jie

2013-03-01

To determine expression changes of major outer membrane protein(OMP) antigens of Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae serovar Lai strain Lai during infection of human macrophages and its mechanism. OmpR encoding genes and OmpR-related histidine kinase (HK) encoding gene of L.interrogans strain Lai and their functional domains were predicted using bioinformatics technique. mRNA level changes of the leptospiral major OMP-encoding genes before and after infection of human THP-1 macrophages were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. Effects of the OmpR-encoding genes and HK-encoding gene on the expression of leptospiral OMPs during infection were determined by HK-peptide antiserum block assay and closantel inhibitive assays. The bioinformatics analysis indicated that LB015 and LB333 were referred to OmpR-encoding genes of the spirochete, while LB014 might act as a OmpR-related HK-encoding gene. After the spirochete infecting THP-1 cells, mRNA levels of leptospiral lipL21, lipL32 and lipL41 genes were rapidly and persistently down-regulated (P Expression levels of L.interrogans strain Lai major OMP antigens present notable changes during infection of human macrophages. There is a group of OmpR-and HK-encoding genes which may play a major role in down-regulation of expression levels of partial OMP antigens during infection.

Research on RCP400-TB50 type reactor coolant pump shaft seal failure analysis and monitoring method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yuan Chaolian; Shen Yuxian; Wang Chuan; Du Pengcheng

2014-01-01

Mechanical seal is widely applied in mechanical devices of nuclear power plant. 3-stages mechanical seal applied in reactor coolant pump (abbreviate to RCP) is a kind of product with top technology and manufacture difficulty. As the only running machine in primary loop of nuclear power plant, RCP is designed with high security, reliability and perform ability. So performance of its key component, 3-stages mechanical seal, could directly decide whether units can operate safely and reliably. In this paper mechanical seal used in RCP400-TB50 type RCP which in designed and manufactured by Andritz AG is selected as a typical example of dynamic pressure type mechanical seal applied in second generation NPP. Its structure and working principle is expounded. Engineering fluid mechanics theory is used to establish the mathematical model using for analyzing status of mechanical seal and deducing the theoretical formula. Its correctness is verified by compare with the test data. So that research result can be used as the theoretical basis for analysis of RCP400-TB50 RCP shaft seal's working condition. According to the shaft seal operation characteristic we can establish a suitable RCP shaft seal monitoring method and interlock protection setting for NPP operation. (authors)

Convective instability of RCP modes for a magnetized chiral plasma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Torres-Silva, Hector; Sakanaka, P.H.; Reggiani, N.

1998-01-01

Using the Maxwell's equations and the proposed constitutive relations for a chiral plasma medium, the dispersion relations for right circularly polarized waves, (RCP), depending on the characteristics of the distribution, a new mode conversion and instabilities are found due to the chiral effect. From the dispersion relations and considering that the chirowave magnetic field may be important when the condition of velocity isotropy is dropped, we find that growing modes (instabilities) can occur at resonance and for frequencies below the electron gyrofrequency. We study, in this paper, the convective instability of RCP waves in a two-component bi-Lorentzian chiroplasma which can model the solar wind particle distributions. (author)

Predicting the responses of forest distribution and aboveground biomass to climate change under RCP scenarios in southern China.

Science.gov (United States)

Dai, Erfu; Wu, Zhuo; Ge, Quansheng; Xi, Weimin; Wang, Xiaofan

2016-11-01

In the past three decades, our global climate has been experiencing unprecedented warming. This warming has and will continue to significantly influence the structure and function of forest ecosystems. While studies have been conducted to explore the possible responses of forest landscapes to future climate change, the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) scenarios under the framework of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) have not been widely used in quantitative modeling research of forest landscapes. We used LANDIS-II, a forest dynamic landscape model, coupled with a forest ecosystem process model (PnET-II), to simulate spatial interactions and ecological succession processes under RCP scenarios, RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively. We also modeled a control scenario of extrapolating current climate conditions to examine changes in distribution and aboveground biomass (AGB) among five different forest types for the period of 2010-2100 in Taihe County in southern China, where subtropical coniferous plantations dominate. The results of the simulation show that climate change will significantly influence forest distribution and AGB. (i) Evergreen broad-leaved forests will expand into Chinese fir and Chinese weeping cypress forests. The area percentages of evergreen broad-leaved forests under RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5 and the control scenarios account for 18.25%, 18.71%, 18.85% and 17.46% of total forest area, respectively. (ii) The total AGB under RCP4.5 will reach its highest level by the year 2100. Compared with the control scenarios, the total AGB under RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 increases by 24.1%, 64.2% and 29.8%, respectively. (iii) The forest total AGB increases rapidly at first and then decreases slowly on the temporal dimension. (iv) Even though the fluctuation patterns of total AGB will remain consistent under various future climatic scenarios, there will be certain responsive differences among various forest types. © 2016

Isolation of Salmonella enterica and serologic reactivity to Leptospira interrogans in opossums (Didelphis virginiana from Yucatán, México Aislamiento de Salmonella enterica y reactividad serológica a Leptospira interrogans en tlacuaches (Didelphis virginiana de Yucatán, México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hugo Antonio RUIZ-PIÑA

2002-07-01

Full Text Available The presence of Salmonella enterica and serologic evidence of infection by Leptospira interrogans, were detected in the opossum Didelphis virginiana in a semi-urban locality of the Yucatán State, México. Ninety-one opossums were captured during the period April 1996 and May 1998. From a total of 17 feces samples, four Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotypes (Sandiego, Newport, Anatum, and Minnesota, and one Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae serovar O44:Z4,Z23:- were isolated. Some opossums presented mixed infections. From 81 sera samples, four (4.9% were positive to antibodies to Leptospira serovars pomona and wolfii. Both animals infected with Salmonella enterica and those serologically positive to Leptospira interrogans were captured in peridomestic habitat. Opossums infected with Salmonella enterica, were captured in dry season, and those seropositive to Leptospira interrogans during the rainy season. The implications of infection and reactivity of these zoonotic pathogens in D. virginiana in the Yucatan state are briefly discussed.La presencia de Salmonella enterica y evidencia serológica de infección por Leptospira interrogans fueron detectadas en tlacuaches de la especie Didelphis virginiana capturados en una localidad semi-urbana del estado de Yucatán, México. Se capturaron 91 marsupiales durante el período de abril de 1996 a mayo de 1998. De un total de 17 muestras de heces, se aislaron cuatro serotipos de Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (Sandiego, Newport, Anatum y Minnesota y una Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae serovar O44:Z4,Z23:-. En algunos tlacuaches se registraron infecciones mixtas. De 81 muestras de suero, cuatro (4,9% presentaron reacciones positivas con los serovares pomona y wolffi, ambos pertenecientes al género Leptospira. Los tlacuaches con serología positiva fueron capturados en el hábitat peridomiciliar. Los animales infectados con Salmonella enterica fueron capturados en los períodos de seca y

Sensitivity Analysis on LOCCW of Westinghouse typed Reactors Considering WOG2000 RCP Seal Leakage Model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Na, Jang-Hwan; Jeon, Ho-Jun; Hwang, Seok-Won

2015-01-01

In this paper, we focus on risk insights of Westinghouse typed reactors. We identified that Reactor Coolant Pump (RCP) seal integrity is the most important contributor to Core Damage Frequency (CDF). As we reflected the latest technical report; WCAP-15603(Rev. 1-A), 'WOG2000 RCP Seal Leakage Model for Westinghouse PWRs' instead of the old version, RCP seal integrity became more important to Westinghouse typed reactors. After Fukushima accidents, Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power (KHNP) decided to develop Low Power and Shutdown (LPSD) Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) models and upgrade full power PSA models of all operating Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). As for upgrading full power PSA models, we have tried to standardize the methodology of CCF (Common Cause Failure) and HRA (Human Reliability Analysis), which are the most influential factors to risk measures of NPPs. Also, we have reviewed and reflected the latest operating experiences, reliability data sources and technical methods to improve the quality of PSA models. KHNP has operating various types of reactors; Optimized Pressurized Reactor (OPR) 1000, CANDU, Framatome and Westinghouse. So, one of the most challengeable missions is to keep the balance of risk contributors of all types of reactors. This paper presents the method of new RCP seal leakage model and the sensitivity analysis results from applying the detailed method to PSA models of Westinghouse typed reference reactors. To perform the sensitivity analysis on LOCCW of the reference Westinghouse typed reactors, we reviewed WOG2000 RCP seal leakage model and developed the detailed event tree of LOCCW considering all scenarios of RCP seal failures. Also, we performed HRA based on the T/H analysis by using the leakage rates for each scenario. We could recognize that HRA was the sensitive contributor to CDF, and the RCP seal failure scenario of 182gpm leakage rate was estimated as the most important scenario

Sensitivity Analysis on LOCCW of Westinghouse typed Reactors Considering WOG2000 RCP Seal Leakage Model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Na, Jang-Hwan; Jeon, Ho-Jun; Hwang, Seok-Won [KHNP Central Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

2015-10-15

In this paper, we focus on risk insights of Westinghouse typed reactors. We identified that Reactor Coolant Pump (RCP) seal integrity is the most important contributor to Core Damage Frequency (CDF). As we reflected the latest technical report; WCAP-15603(Rev. 1-A), 'WOG2000 RCP Seal Leakage Model for Westinghouse PWRs' instead of the old version, RCP seal integrity became more important to Westinghouse typed reactors. After Fukushima accidents, Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power (KHNP) decided to develop Low Power and Shutdown (LPSD) Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) models and upgrade full power PSA models of all operating Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). As for upgrading full power PSA models, we have tried to standardize the methodology of CCF (Common Cause Failure) and HRA (Human Reliability Analysis), which are the most influential factors to risk measures of NPPs. Also, we have reviewed and reflected the latest operating experiences, reliability data sources and technical methods to improve the quality of PSA models. KHNP has operating various types of reactors; Optimized Pressurized Reactor (OPR) 1000, CANDU, Framatome and Westinghouse. So, one of the most challengeable missions is to keep the balance of risk contributors of all types of reactors. This paper presents the method of new RCP seal leakage model and the sensitivity analysis results from applying the detailed method to PSA models of Westinghouse typed reference reactors. To perform the sensitivity analysis on LOCCW of the reference Westinghouse typed reactors, we reviewed WOG2000 RCP seal leakage model and developed the detailed event tree of LOCCW considering all scenarios of RCP seal failures. Also, we performed HRA based on the T/H analysis by using the leakage rates for each scenario. We could recognize that HRA was the sensitive contributor to CDF, and the RCP seal failure scenario of 182gpm leakage rate was estimated as the most important scenario.

Analysis of radiochemical purity (RCP) of 99Tcm-MAG3 injection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang Qingquan; Xia Zhenmin

1992-01-01

A two-system paper chromatographic method has been established for the determination of RCP of 99 Tc m -MAG 3 injection. R f -values of 99 Tc m -MAG 3 , 99 Tc m O 4 - and H-R- 99 Tc m (hydrolysis reduced 99 Tc m ) are 0.9, 0.8, 0.0 in system I, and 0.0, 0.4, 0.0 in system II respectively. The RCP and percentages of 99 Tc m O 4 - and H-R- 99 Tc m of 99 Tc m -MAG 3 injection have been determined with this method

Discovering the new RCP and SSP scenarios used by the IPCC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2013-01-01

This report presents the scenarios defined by a group of experts within the perspective of the 5. IPCC report. This four reference scenarios named RCP (Representative Concentration Pathways) have been designed to foresee the evolution of concentrations of greenhouse gases, of ozone, and of aerosol precursors for the 21. century and beyond. The report also evokes the evolution of simulations used by climatologists, and the introduction of a representation of social and economic evolutions (definition of five families of scenario-types: sustainability, middle of the road, fragmentation, inequality, and conventional development). The consistency of these RCP scenarios and social-economical scenarios is outlined

Transcriptional response of Leptospira interrogans to iron limitation and characterization of a PerR homolog

Science.gov (United States)

Leptospira interrogans is the causative agent of leptospirosis, a zoonosis of global significance. Iron is essential for growth of most bacterial species. Since availability of iron is low in the host, pathogens have evolved complex iron acquisition mechanisms to survive and establish infection. In ...

Detección de Mycobacterium tuberculosis mediante la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en una población seleccionada del noroccidente de México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Morán Moguel María Cristina

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio compara la detección de Mycobacterium tuberculosis mediante baciloscopia (tinción de Ziehl-Neelsen, cultivo en medio de Löwenstein-Jensen y reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (RCP realizada con ADN extraído directamente de distintos tipos de muestras. Se analizaron 252 muestras (114 de esputo, 96 de orina, 15 de LCR y 27 de otros tipos de 160 pacientes con sospecha de tuberculosis en cualquiera de sus formas que acudieron al Laboratorio de Patología Clínica del Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. En todos los casos se realizó tinción de Ziehl-Neelsen, cultivo en medio de Löwenstein-Jensen y amplificación por RCP de un segmento de 285 pares de bases específico del complejo M. tuberculosis. De las 252 muestras, 18 fueron positivas para micobacterias no tuberculosas en el cultivo. De las 234 restantes, 12 (5,1% fueron positivas en la RCP y el cultivo, 174 (74,4% negativas en ambas pruebas, 47 (20,1% positivas en la RCP y negativas en el cultivo y 1 (0,4% negativa en la RCP y positiva en el cultivo; tomando el cultivo como prueba de referencia, la RCP proporcionó una sensibilidad de 92,3%, una especificidad de 78,7%, un valor predictivo positivo de 20,3% y un valor predictivo negativo de 99,4%. El límite de detección de la RCP en ADN extraído de cultivo fue de 10 fg (equivalente a 4 ó 5 micobacterias. También en comparación con el cultivo, la RCP identificó correctamente a la totalidad de las micobacterias del complejo M. tuberculosis. Tomando como prueba de referencia el cultivo, al analizar únicamente las muestras de esputo, la RCP directa proporcionó una sensibilidad de 90,9%, una especificidad de 89,5%, un valor predictivo positivo de 52,6% y un valor predictivo negativo de 98,7%. La RCP es una técnica sensible y específica para detectar el complejo M. tuberculosis en muestras tanto positivas como negativas en la baciloscopia. Un

Small break LOCA analysis for RCP trip strategy for YGN 3 and 4 emergency procedure guidelines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suh, Jong Tae; Bae, Kyoo Hwan

1995-01-01

A continued operation of RCPs during a certain small break LOCA may increase unnecessary inventory loss from the RCS causing a severe core uncovery which might lead to a fuel failure. After TMI-2 accident, the CEOG developed RCP trip strategy called 'Trip-Two/Leave-Two' (T2/L2) in response to NRC requests and incorporated it in the generic EPG for CE plants. The T2/L2 RCP trip strategy consists of tripping the first two RCPs on low RCS pressure and then tripping the remaining two RCPs if a LOCA has occurred. This analysis determines the RCP trip setpoint and demonstrates the safe operational aspects of RCP trip strategy during a small break LOCA for YGN 3 and 4. The trip setpoint of the first two RCPs for YGN 3 and 4 is calculated to be 1775 psia in pressurizer pressure based on the limiting small break LOCA with 0.15 ft 2 break size in the hot leg. The analysis results show that YGN 3 and 4 can maintain the core coolability even if the operator fails to trip the second two RCPs or trips at worst time. Also, the YGN 3 and 4 RCP trip strategy demonstrates that both the 10 CFR 50.46 requirements on PCT and the ANSI standards 58.8 requirements on operator action time can be satisfied with enough margin. Therefore, it is concluded that the T2/L2 RCP trip strategy with a trip setpoint of 1775 psia for YGN 3 and 4 can provide improved operator guidance for the RCP operation during accidents. 11 figs., 4 tabs., 9 refs. (Author)

Purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies on 2-dehydro-3-deoxygalactarate aldolase from Leptospira interrogans

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li, Xu; Huang, Hua [Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027 (China); Song, Xiaomin [Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027 (China); National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101 (China); Wang, Yanli; Xu, Hang [National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101 (China); Teng, Maikun [Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027 (China); Gong, Weimin, E-mail: wgong@sun5.ibp.ac.cn [Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027 (China); National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101 (China)

2006-12-01

Preliminary crystallographic studies on 2-dehydro-3-deoxygalactarate aldolase from L. interrogans. 2-Dehydro-3-deoxygalactarate (DDG) aldolase is a member of the class II aldolase family and plays an important role in the pyruvate-metabolism pathway, catalyzing the reversible aldol cleavage of DDG to pyruvate and tartronic semialdehyde. As it is a potential novel antibiotic target, it is necessary to elucidate the catalytic mechanism of DDG aldolase. To determine the crystal structure, crystals of DDG aldolase from Leptospira interrogans were obtained by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. The crystals diffracted to 2.2 Å resolution using a Cu Kα rotating-anode X-ray source. The crystal belonged to space group C2, with unit-cell parameters a = 293.5, b = 125.6, c = 87.6 Å, β = 100.9°. The V{sub M} is calculated to be 2.4 Å{sup 3} Da{sup −1}, assuming there to be 12 protein molecules in the asymmetric unit.

Purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies on 2-dehydro-3-deoxygalactarate aldolase from Leptospira interrogans

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Xu; Huang, Hua; Song, Xiaomin; Wang, Yanli; Xu, Hang; Teng, Maikun; Gong, Weimin

2006-01-01

Preliminary crystallographic studies on 2-dehydro-3-deoxygalactarate aldolase from L. interrogans. 2-Dehydro-3-deoxygalactarate (DDG) aldolase is a member of the class II aldolase family and plays an important role in the pyruvate-metabolism pathway, catalyzing the reversible aldol cleavage of DDG to pyruvate and tartronic semialdehyde. As it is a potential novel antibiotic target, it is necessary to elucidate the catalytic mechanism of DDG aldolase. To determine the crystal structure, crystals of DDG aldolase from Leptospira interrogans were obtained by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. The crystals diffracted to 2.2 Å resolution using a Cu Kα rotating-anode X-ray source. The crystal belonged to space group C2, with unit-cell parameters a = 293.5, b = 125.6, c = 87.6 Å, β = 100.9°. The V M is calculated to be 2.4 Å 3 Da −1 , assuming there to be 12 protein molecules in the asymmetric unit

Comparative genomics of pathogenic Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola isolated from swine and human in Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luisa Z Moreno

Full Text Available Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola is one of the most important pathogenic serovars for the maintenance of urban leptospirosis. Even though it is considered highly adapted to dogs, serovar Canicola infection has already been described in other animals and even a few human cases. Here, we present the genomic characterisation of two Brazilian L. interrogans serovar Canicola strains isolated from slaughtered sows (L0-3 and L0-4 and their comparison with human strain Fiocruz LV133. It was observed that the porcine serovar Canicola strains present the genetic machinery to cause human infection and, therefore, represent a higher risk to public health. Both human and porcine serovar Canicola isolates also presented sequences with high identity to the Chinese serovar Canicola published plasmids pGui1 and pGui2. The plasmids identification in the Brazilian and Chinese serovar Canicola strains suggest that extra-chromosomal elements are one more feature of this serovar that was previously unnoticed.

ESTIMACIÓN ROBUSTA DE MODELOS ADITIVOS MEDIANTE EL ALGORITMO DE BACKFITTING

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Luis P. Yapu Quispe

2012-07-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se presenta un método de estimación y simulación de un modelo aditivo a dos variables mediante splines robustos, el método general puede ser aplicado con varias variables. El software utilizado para las simulaciones es S+ y se utiliza explícitamente la función smooth.splineRob en una implementación del algoritmo de backfitting. La función smooth.splineRob ha sido escrita en base al trabajo de Cantoni y Ronchetti [3], en el cual se pone énfasis en la selección robusta del parámetro de suavizamiento utilizando una versión robusta del Cp de Mallows, RCp, y de la validación cruzada, RCV. La existencia de datos extremos o no-normales en la parte estocástica de un modelo aditivo puede provocar una mala estimación del parámetro de suavizamiento, lo que tendrá influencia global en la estimación por splines. Para la etapa de simulación se realizan las estimaciones por splines clásicos y robustos (con estimación robusta del parámetro. La estimación obtenida es muy convincente pero el tiempo de ejecución del programa es relativamente elevado tanto para RCp y RCV, aun cuando, en ciertos casos, con pocas iteraciones robustas se obtienen ya resultados más útiles que la estimación clásica.

A putative regulatory genetic locus modulates virulence in the pathogen Leptospira interrogans.

Science.gov (United States)

Eshghi, Azad; Becam, Jérôme; Lambert, Ambroise; Sismeiro, Odile; Dillies, Marie-Agnès; Jagla, Bernd; Wunder, Elsio A; Ko, Albert I; Coppee, Jean-Yves; Goarant, Cyrille; Picardeau, Mathieu

2014-06-01

Limited research has been conducted on the role of transcriptional regulators in relation to virulence in Leptospira interrogans, the etiological agent of leptospirosis. Here, we identify an L. interrogans locus that encodes a sensor protein, an anti-sigma factor antagonist, and two genes encoding proteins of unknown function. Transposon insertion into the gene encoding the sensor protein led to dampened transcription of the other 3 genes in this locus. This lb139 insertion mutant (the lb139(-) mutant) displayed attenuated virulence in the hamster model of infection and reduced motility in vitro. Whole-transcriptome analyses using RNA sequencing revealed the downregulation of 115 genes and the upregulation of 28 genes, with an overrepresentation of gene products functioning in motility and signal transduction and numerous gene products with unknown functions, predicted to be localized to the extracellular space. Another significant finding encompassed suppressed expression of the majority of the genes previously demonstrated to be upregulated at physiological osmolarity, including the sphingomyelinase C precursor Sph2 and LigB. We provide insight into a possible requirement for transcriptional regulation as it relates to leptospiral virulence and suggest various biological processes that are affected due to the loss of native expression of this genetic locus.

Comparison of the results of climate change impact assessment between RCP8.5 and SSP2 scenarios

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, D. K.; Park, J. H.; Park, C.; Kim, S.

2017-12-01

Climate change scenarios are mainly published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and include SRES (Special Report on Emission Scenario) scenarios (IPCC Third Report), RCP (Representative Concentration Pathways) scenarios (IPCC 5th Report), and SSP (Shared Socioeconomic Pathways) scenarios. Currently widely used RCP scenarios are based on how future greenhouse gas concentrations will change. In contrast, SSP scenarios are that predict how climate change will change in response to socio-economic indicators such as population, economy, land use, and energy change. In this study, based on RCP 8.5 climate data, we developed a new Korean scenario using the future social and economic scenarios of SSP2. In the development of the scenario, not only Korea's emissions but also China and Japan's emissions were considered in terms of space. In addition, GHG emissions and air pollutant emissions were taken into consideration. Using the newly developed scenarios, the impacts assessments of the forest were evaluated and the impacts were evaluated using the RCP scenarios. The average precipitation is similar to the SSP2 scenario and the RCP8.5 scenario, but the SSP2 scenario shows the maximum value is lower than RCP8.5 scenario. This is because the SSP2 scenario simulates the summer precipitation weakly. The temperature distribution is similar for both scenarios, and it can be seen that the average temperature in the 2090s is higher than that in the 2050s. At present, forest net primary productivity of Korea is 693 tC/km2, and it is 679 tC/km2 when SSP2 scenario is applied. Also, the damage of forest by ozone is about 4.1-5.1%. On the other hand, when SSP2 scenario is applied, the forest net primary productivity of Korea is 607 tC/km2 and the forest net primary productivity of RCP8.5 scenario is 657 tC/km2. The analysis shows that the damage caused by climate change is reduced by 14.2% for the SSP2 scenario and 6.9% for the RCP8.5 scenario. The damage caused

Expression and characterization of an iron-regulated hemin-binding protein, HbpA, from Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai.

Science.gov (United States)

Asuthkar, Swapna; Velineni, Sridhar; Stadlmann, Johannes; Altmann, Friedrich; Sritharan, Manjula

2007-09-01

In an earlier study, based on the ferric enterobactin receptor FepA of Escherichia coli, we identified and modeled a TonB-dependent outer membrane receptor protein (LB191) from the genome of Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai. Based on in silico analysis, we hypothesized that this protein was an iron-dependent hemin-binding protein. In this study, we provide experimental evidence to prove that this protein, termed HbpA (hemin-binding protein A), is indeed an iron-regulated hemin-binding protein. We cloned and expressed the full-length 81-kDa recombinant rHbpA protein and a truncated 55-kDa protein from L. interrogans serovar Lai, both of which bind hemin-agarose. Assay of hemin-associated peroxidase activity and spectrofluorimetric analysis provided confirmatory evidence of hemin binding by HbpA. Immunofluorescence studies by confocal microscopy and the microscopic agglutination test demonstrated the surface localization and the iron-regulated expression of HbpA in L. interrogans. Southern blot analysis confirmed our earlier observation that the hbpA gene was present only in some of the pathogenic serovars and was absent in Leptospira biflexa. Hemin-agarose affinity studies showed another hemin-binding protein with a molecular mass of approximately 44 kDa, whose expression was independent of iron levels. This protein was seen in several serovars, including nonpathogenic L. biflexa. Sequence analysis and immunoreactivity with specific antibodies showed this protein to be LipL41.

Interleukin 12 in part regulates gamma interferon release in human whole blood stimulated with Leptospira interrogans

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Fost, Maaike; Hartskeerl, Rudy A.; Groenendijk, Martijn R.; van der Poll, Tom

2003-01-01

Heat-killed pathogenic Leptospira interrogans serovar rachmati induced the production of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and the IFN-gamma-inducing cytokines interleukin-12p40 (IL-12p40) and tumor necrosis factor alpha in human whole blood in vitro. The production of IFN-gamma was largely dependent on

Immunoreactivity of the AAA+ chaperone ClpB from Leptospira interrogans with sera from Leptospira-infected animals.

Science.gov (United States)

Krajewska, Joanna; Arent, Zbigniew; Więckowski, Daniel; Zolkiewski, Michal; Kędzierska-Mieszkowska, Sabina

2016-07-16

Leptospira interrogans is a spirochaete responsible for leptospirosis in mammals. The molecular mechanisms of the Leptospira virulence remain mostly unknown. Recently, it has been demonstrated that L. interrogans ClpB (ClpBLi) is essential for bacterial survival under stressful conditions and also during infection. The aim of this study was to provide further insight into the role of ClpB in L. interrogans and answer the question whether ClpBLi as a potential virulence factor may be a target of the humoral immune response during leptospiral infections in mammals. ClpBLi consists of 860 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of 96.3 kDa and shows multi-domain organization similar to that of the well-characterized ClpB from Escherichia coli. The amino acid sequence identity between ClpBLi and E. coli ClpB is 52 %. The coding sequence of the clpB Li gene was cloned and expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) strain. Immunoreactivity of the recombinant ClpBLi protein was assessed with the sera collected from Leptospira-infected animals and uninfected healthy controls. Western blotting and ELISA analysis demonstrated that ClpBLi activates the host immune system, as evidenced by an increased level of antibodies against ClpBLi in the sera from infected animals, as compared to the control group. Additionally, ClpBLi was found in kidney tissues of Leptospira-infected hamsters. ClpBLi is both synthesized and immunogenic during the infectious process, further supporting its involvement in the pathogenicity of Leptospira. In addition, the immunological properties of ClpBLi point to its potential value as a diagnostic antigen for the detection of leptospirosis.

Detección de Mycobacterium tuberculosis mediante la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en una población seleccionada del noroccidente de México

OpenAIRE

Morán Moguel María Cristina; Aceves Hernández Dolores; Peña Montes de Oca Patricia Maribel; Gallegos Arreola Martha Patricia; Flores Martínez Silvia Esperanza; Montoya Fuentes Héctor; Figuera Luis E.; Villa Manzanares Luis; Sánchez Corona José

2000-01-01

Este estudio compara la detección de Mycobacterium tuberculosis mediante baciloscopia (tinción de Ziehl-Neelsen), cultivo en medio de Löwenstein-Jensen y reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (RCP) realizada con ADN extraído directamente de distintos tipos de muestras. Se analizaron 252 muestras (114 de esputo, 96 de orina, 15 de LCR y 27 de otros tipos) de 160 pacientes con sospecha de tuberculosis en cualquiera de sus formas que acudieron al Laboratorio de Patología Clínica del Hospital de Es...

Generation of mammalian host-adapted Leptospira interrogans by cultivation in peritoneal dialysis membrane chamber implantation in rats

Science.gov (United States)

Leptospira interrogans can infect a myriad of mammalian hosts, including humans (Bharti, Nally et al. 2003, Ko, Goarant et al. 2009). Following acquisition by a suitable host, leptospires disseminate via the bloodstream to multiple tissues, including the kidneys, where they adhere to and colonize th...

National Radon Contractor Proficiency (RCP) Program. Proficiency report, June 1991

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1991-06-01

The primary objective of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) efforts to address the indoor radon problem is to reduce radon levels in buildings throughout the country. Achieving the objective requires a nationwide supply of capable radon mitigation contractors. In the Indoor Radon Abatement Act of 1988, Congress authorized EPA to establish a program to evaluate radon mitigation contractors and to provide the information to the public in cooperation with the States. The Radon Contractor Proficiency (RCP) Program was developed to assist States, EPA Regions, local government officials, and the public in selecting contractors who have demonstrated their proficiency in reducing indoor radon levels. The program is managed by the EPA Office of Radiation Programs' Radon Division. Under the voluntary program, radon contractors demonstrate their proficiency by meeting specific Program requirements. Individual contractors who meet these requirements are then listed in periodic RCP Proficiency Reports

Crystal structure of homoserine O-acetyltransferase from Leptospira interrogans

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Mingzhu; Liu Lin; Wang Yanli; Wei Zhiyi; Zhang Ping; Li Yikun; Jiang Xiaohua; Xu Hang; Gong Weimin

2007-01-01

Homoserine O-acetyltransferase (HTA, EC 2.3.1.31) initiates methionine biosynthesis pathway by catalyzing the transfer of acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to homoserine. This study reports the crystal structure of HTA from Leptospira interrogans determined at 2.2 A resolution using selenomethionyl single-wavelength anomalous diffraction method. HTA is modular and consists of two structurally distinct domains-a core α/β domain containing the catalytic site and a helical bundle called the lid domain. Overall, the structure fold belongs to α/β hydrolase superfamily with the characteristic 'catalytic triad' residues in the active site. Detailed structure analysis showed that the catalytic histidine and serine are both present in two conformations, which may be involved in the catalytic mechanism for acetyl transfer

Climate change impact on streamflow in large-scale river basins: projections and their uncertainties sourced from GCMs and RCP scenarios

Science.gov (United States)

Nasonova, Olga N.; Gusev, Yeugeniy M.; Kovalev, Evgeny E.; Ayzel, Georgy V.

2018-06-01

Climate change impact on river runoff was investigated within the framework of the second phase of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISI-MIP2) using a physically-based land surface model Soil Water - Atmosphere - Plants (SWAP) (developed in the Institute of Water Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences) and meteorological projections (for 2006-2099) simulated by five General Circulation Models (GCMs) (including GFDL-ESM2M, HadGEM2-ES, IPSL-CM5A-LR, MIROC-ESM-CHEM, and NorESM1-M) for each of four Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5). Eleven large-scale river basins were used in this study. First of all, SWAP was calibrated and validated against monthly values of measured river runoff with making use of forcing data from the WATCH data set and all GCMs' projections were bias-corrected to the WATCH. Then, for each basin, 20 projections of possible changes in river runoff during the 21st century were simulated by SWAP. Analysis of the obtained hydrological projections allowed us to estimate their uncertainties resulted from application of different GCMs and RCP scenarios. On the average, the contribution of different GCMs to the uncertainty of the projected river runoff is nearly twice larger than the contribution of RCP scenarios. At the same time the contribution of GCMs slightly decreases with time.

Prevalencia de Helicobacter pylori en muestras de placa dental de un grupo de pacientes venezolanos, mediante la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa

OpenAIRE

Berroteran, Alejandra; Perrone, Marianella; Correnti, María; Cavazza, María Eugenia; Tombazzi, Claudio; Lecuna, Vicente; Goncalvez, Rosa

2002-01-01

La placa dental ha sido propuesta como un reservorio para Helicobacter pylori, pero la hipótesis de que la microflora bucal pueda ser un nicho permanente para la bacteria es muy controversial. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivos:1.- Detectar la presencia de H. pylori en la placa dental de un grupo de pacientes de la población Venezolana mediante la Reacción en cadena de la Polimerasa (RCP), y 2.- Investigar la relación existente entre la infección por este microorganismo y algunos índices...

Association of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis recombinant proteins rCP09720 or rCP01850 with rPLD as immunogens in caseous lymphadenitis immunoprophylaxis.

Science.gov (United States)

Silva, Mara Thais de Oliveira; Bezerra, Francisco Silvestre Brilhante; de Pinho, Rodrigo Barros; Begnini, Karine Rech; Seixas, Fabiana Kommling; Collares, Tiago; Portela, Ricardo Dias; Azevedo, Vasco; Dellagostin, Odir; Borsuk, Sibele

2018-01-02

Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a chronic disease responsible for significant economic losses in sheep and goat breeding worldwide. The treatment for this disease is not effective, and an intense vaccination schedule would be the best control strategy. In this study, we evaluated the associations of rCP09720 or rCP01850 proteins from Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis with recombinant exotoxin phospholipase D (rPLD) as subunit vaccines in mice. Four experimental groups (10 animals each) were immunized with a sterile 0.9% saline solution (G1), rPLD (G2), rPLD + rCP09720 (G3), and rPLD + rCP01850 (G4). The mice received two doses of each vaccine at a 21-day interval and were challenged 21 days after the last immunization. The animals were evaluated daily for 40 days after the challenge, and mortality rate was recorded. The total IgG production level increased significantly in the experimental groups on day 42 after the first vaccination. Similarly, higher levels of specific IgG2a were observed in experimental groups G2, G3, and G4 compared to the IgG1 levels on day 42. G4 showed a significant (p < .05) humoral response against both antigens of the antigenic formulations. The cellular immune response induced by immunization was characterized by a significant (p < .05) production of interferon-γ compared to that in the control, while the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-12 were not significant in any group. A significant increase of tumor necrosis factor was observed only in G4. The survival rates after the challenge were 30% (rPLD), 40% (rPLD + rCP09720), and 50% (rPLD + rCP01850). Thus, the association of rCP01850 with rPLD resulted in the best protection against the challenge with C. pseudotuberculosis and induced a more intense type 1 T-helper cell immune response. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Detección de proteínas de adhesión a fibronectina y colágeno presentes en Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola

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Gisele Reyes

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Como parte de los estudios encaminados a la obtención de una formulación vacunal por subunidades contra la leptospirosis humana, se describe la purificación y caracterización de las proteínas de unión a fibronectina y a colágeno en Leptospira interrogans. Las proteínas de la membrana externa fueron extraídas mediante la solubilización con Tritón X-114 y se aplicaron en una columna de afinidad de IgG AntiBSA-Sepharose 2B CL, para eliminar la BSA, contaminante principal del medio de cultivo en que crece el microorganismo. La muestra libre de BSA (no fijado se aplicó a una columna de afinidad de fibronectina Sepharose 4B-CNBr, que permitió la separación y detección de una fracción que contenía una proteína de unión a fibronectina presente en la cepa 87 de Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola, cuyo peso molecular fue estimado en 40 kDa. La proteína aislada demostró ser antigénica y conservada en los serovares Canicola, Copenhageni y Mozdok, en el ensayo de inmunodetección utilizado en este estudio (Dot blot. Para ello se utilizaron sueros específicos obtenidos en ratas infectadas experimentalmente con cada serovar y una mezcla de sueros de humanos convalecientes de leptospirosis. Las proteínas de membrana externa solubilizadas con Tritón X-114, libres de BSA, fueron aplicadas también a una columna de afinidad colágeno-Sepharosa 4B-CNBr, que permitió la purificación de una proteína de unión a colágeno con un peso molecular de aproximadamente 25 kDa, la cual resultó ser antigénica frente a sueros de humanos convalecientes de la enfermedad. Ambas proteínas seleccionadas (40 kD y 25 kD podrían ser evaluadas como posibles inmunógenos en futuros estudios encaminados a la obtención de nuevos antígenos vacunales.

A LigA three-domain region protects hamsters from lethal infection by Leptospira interrogans.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mariana L Coutinho

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The leptospiral LigA protein consists of 13 bacterial immunoglobulin-like (Big domains and is the only purified recombinant subunit vaccine that has been demonstrated to protect against lethal challenge by a clinical isolate of Leptospira interrogans in the hamster model of leptospirosis. We determined the minimum number and location of LigA domains required for immunoprotection. Immunization with domains 11 and 12 was found to be required but insufficient for protection. Inclusion of a third domain, either 10 or 13, was required for 100% survival after intraperitoneal challenge with Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni strain Fiocruz L1-130. As in previous studies, survivors had renal colonization; here, we quantitated the leptospiral burden by qPCR to be 1.2×10(3 to 8×10(5 copies of leptospiral DNA per microgram of kidney DNA. Although renal histopathology in survivors revealed tubulointerstitial changes indicating an inflammatory response to the infection, blood chemistry analysis indicated that renal function was normal. These studies define the Big domains of LigA that account for its vaccine efficacy and highlight the need for additional strategies to achieve sterilizing immunity to protect the mammalian host from leptospiral infection and its consequences.

Seropositividad a Leptospira interrogans en perros de la ciudad de Rosario, Argentina

OpenAIRE

Seghesso Zabala, Ada; Anthony Omezzolli, Lilian María; Poli Lovagnini, Georgina; Francois Barbagelata, Silvina

2013-01-01

Introducción: la leptospirosis es una de las zoonosis más difundidas mundialmente. La aparición de epidemias urbanas ocasionadas por las inundaciones, la transformaron en un grave problema para la salud pública. Una de las especies animales más afectadas por la leptospirosis es la canina. Los perros se infectan con Leptospira interrogans y padecen la enfermedad, que constituye uno de los factores de riesgo más importante en la transmisión de leptospiras en zonas urbanas. El diagnóstico de cer...

Multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis of Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira borgpetersenii isolated from small feral and wild mammals in East Asia.

Science.gov (United States)

Koizumi, Nobuo; Izumiya, Hidemasa; Mu, Jung-Jung; Arent, Zbigniew; Okano, Shou; Nakajima, Chie; Suzuki, Yasuhiko; Mizutani Muto, Maki; Tanikawa, Tsutomu; Taylor, Kyle R; Komatsu, Noriyuki; Yoshimatsu, Kumiko; Thi Thu Ha, Hoang; Ohnishi, Makoto

2015-12-01

Leptospira spp. are the causative agents of a worldwide zoonosis, leptospirosis, maintained by various mammals. Each Leptospira serovar is frequently associated with a particular maintenance host, and recently, Leptospira genotype-host association has also been suggested to limit serovars to restricted areas. We investigated the molecular characteristics of L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii which were isolated from small feral and wild animals in four East Asian states using multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). MLVA using 11 loci was performed on 110 L. interrogans serogroups from Japan (79 strains of 5 serogroups from 3 animal species), Philippines (21; 3; 2), Taiwan (7; 2; 3), and Vietnam (3; 1; 1). A MLVA method using 4 loci for L. borgpetersenii was established and performed on 52 isolates from Japan (26; 3; 7), Philippines (13; 1; 2), and Taiwan (13; 1; 3). In L. interrogans, serogroups Autumnalis and Hebdomadis appeared more genetically diverse than serogroups Bataviae, Grippotyphosa, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona, or Pyrogenes. The former serogroup strains with the exception of one Hebdomadis strain were isolated from Apodemus speciosus while all the latter serogroup strains with the exception of Grippotyphosa were isolated from Rattus norvegicus. L. borgpetersenii was isolated from at least 11 animal species while L. interrogans was isolated from five species, which might suggest a wider host range for L. borgpetersenii. Broad host preference in a single genotype was also observed, which colonized not only different species of the same genera but also multiple animal genera. This study demonstrates that there may be variability in the range of genetic diversity among different Leptospira serogroups, which may be attributed to maintenance host animals and environmental factors. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Seasonal prevalence of antibodies to Leptospira interrogans in Antillean manatees from a landlocked lake in Tabasco, Mexico.

Science.gov (United States)

Aragón-Martínez, Arianna; Olivera-Gómez, León D; Jiménez-Domínguez, Darwin

2014-07-01

Factors that alter the dynamics of ecologic systems can influence transmission of infectious diseases and may lead to decreases in natural populations. Leptospirosis is a cosmopolitan disease of zoonotic importance that affects most mammals. At the southern Gulf of Mexico, Antillean manatees (Trichechus manatus manatus) inhabit highly variable environments, with extended floods during the rainy season and drought conditions during the dry season that affect food availability and the thermal environment for manatees. We tested for changes in prevalence and titers of antibodies to 12 serovars of Leptospira interrogans in manatees between dry and rainy seasons. We determined titers for L. interrogans through microscopic agglutination tests (MAT) from 10 manatees, six during the dry season (DS), and six during the rainy season (RS) in Laguna de las Ilusiones, a landlocked lake hosting a population of about 20 manatees. All individuals were antibody positive (titers ≥ 100) to at least one serovar. The serovars bataviae, bratislava, canicola, and icterohaemorrhagiae had overall prevalences ≥ 50%; bataviae, bratislava, and canicola had prevalences ≥ 50% during both seasons. Serovars icterohaemorrhagiae and pyrogenes had prevalences ≥ 50% during DS and pomona, tarassovi, wolfii, and autumnalis during RS. Significant differences in prevalence between seasons were found for pomona, tarassovi, and autumnalis. Titers of tarassovi, wolfii, autumnalis, and bataviae were significantly higher during RS. There was a high prevalence of L. interrogans during the RS independent of high availability of plant foods, coinciding with the epizootiology of the bacteria that are endemic to tropical regions. Another factor possibly influencing prevalence is high anthropogenic pressure at the lake, causing an increase in potential sources of infection. Because of possible cross-reaction in MAT, further research is needed on the molecular discrimination of serovars in animals in the

Future Climate Prediction of Urban Atmosphere in A Tropical Megacity: Utilization of RCP/SSP Scenarios with an Urban Growth Model

Science.gov (United States)

Darmanto, N. S.; Varquez, A. C. G.; Kanda, M.; Takakuwa, S.

2016-12-01

Economic development in Southeast Asia megacities leads to rapid transformation into more complicated urban configurations. These configurations, including building geometry, enhance aerodynamic drag thus reducing near-surface wind speeds. Roughness parameters representing building geometry, along with anthropogenic heat emissions, contribute to the formation of urban heat islands (UHI). All these have been reproduced successfully in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model coupled with an improved single-layer urban canopy model incorporating a realistic distribution of urban parameters and anthropogenic heat emission in the Jakarta Greater Area. We apply this technology to climate change studies by introducing future urbanization defined by urban sprawl, vertical rise in buildings, and increase anthropogenic heat emission (AHE) due to population changes, into futuristic climate modelling. To simulate 2050s future climate, pseudo-global warming method was used which relied on current and ensembles of 5 CMIP5 GCMs for 2 representative concentration pathways (RCP), 2.6 and 8.5. To determine future urbanization level, 2050 population growth and energy consumption were estimated from shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP). This allows the estimation of future urban sprawl, building geometry, and AHE using the SLEUTH urban growth model and spatial growth assumptions. Two cases representing combinations of RCP and SSP were simulated in WRF: RCP2.6-SSP1 and RCP8.5-SSP3. Each case corresponds to best and worst-case scenarios of implementing adaptation and mitigation strategies, respectively. It was found that 2-m temperature of Jakarta will increase by 0.62°C (RCP2.6) and 1.44°C (RCP8.5) solely from background climate change; almost on the same magnitude as the background temperature increase of RCP2.6 (0.5°C) and RCP8.5 (1.2°C). Compared with previous studies, the result indicates that the effect of climate change on UHI in tropical cities may be lesser than

Operating reliability of the shaft seal system of ANDRITZ RCP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Grancy, Werner; Zehentner, Martin

2002-01-01

The next generation of nuclear power stations will have to fulfil new expectations in terms of safety, operating behaviour and costs. This applies also and especially to reactor coolant pumps for the primary circuit of pressurized water reactor type nuclear power plants (RCP). For 4 decades, ANDRITZ AG has developed and built RCPs and has attached great importance to the design of the complete pump rotor and of its essential surrounding elements, such as e. g. the shaft seal. Many questions concerning design and configuration of the shaft seal system cannot be answered purely theoretically, or they can only be answered partly. Therefore, comprehensive development work and testing was necessary to increase the operating reliability of the seal. Apart from all relevant questions connected with design and functioning of the pump there is one question of top priority: the operating reliability of the shaft seal system. Therefore it is intended to describe the current status of design and development of ANDRITZ RCP for future Korean NPPs, to present the most important design features and to give an introduction concerning experiences for a 3-stage-hydrodynamic seal as well as for a 2-stage-hydrodynamic seal

Kinetics of Leptospira interrogans infection in hamsters after intradermal and subcutaneous challenge.

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Mariana L Coutinho

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by highly motile, helically shaped bacteria that penetrate the skin and mucous membranes through lesions or abrasions, and rapidly disseminate throughout the body. Although the intraperitoneal route of infection is widely used to experimentally inoculate hamsters, this challenge route does not represent a natural route of infection.Here we describe the kinetics of disease and infection in hamster model of leptospirosis after subcutaneous and intradermal inoculation of Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni, strain Fiocruz L1-130. Histopathologic changes in and around the kidney, including glomerular and tubular damage and interstitial inflammatory changes, began on day 5, and preceded deterioration in renal function as measured by serum creatinine. Weight loss, hemoconcentration, increased absolute neutrophil counts (ANC in the blood and hepatic dysfunction were first noted on day 6. Vascular endothelial growth factor, a serum marker of sepsis severity, became elevated during the later stages of infection. The burden of infection, as measured by quantitative PCR, was highest in the kidney and peaked on day 5 after intradermal challenge and on day 6 after subcutaneous challenge. Compared to subcutaneous challenge, intradermal challenge resulted in a lower burden of infection in both the kidney and liver on day 6, lower ANC and less weight loss on day 7.The intradermal and subcutaneous challenge routes result in significant differences in the kinetics of dissemination and disease after challenge with L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni strain Fiocruz L1-130 at an experimental dose of 2×106 leptospires. These results provide new information regarding infection kinetics in the hamster model of leptospirosis.

Mathematizing Process of Junior High School Students to Improve Mathematics Literacy Refers PISA on RCP Learning

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wardono; Mariani, S; Hendikawati, P; Ikayani

2017-01-01

Mathematizing process (MP) is the process of modeling a phenomenon mathematically or establish the concept of a phenomenon. There are two mathematizing that is Mathematizing Horizontal (MH) and Mathematizing Vertical (MV). MH as events changes contextual problems into mathematical problems, while MV is the process of formulation of the problem into a variety of settlement mathematics by using some appropriate rules. Mathematics Literacy (ML) is the ability to formulate, implement and interpret mathematics in various contexts, including the capacity to perform reasoning mathematically and using the concepts, procedures, and facts to describe, explain or predict phenomena incident. If junior high school students are conditioned continuously to conduct mathematizing activities on RCP (RME-Card Problem) learning, it will be able to improve ML that refers PISA. The purpose of this research is to know the capability of the MP grade VIII on ML content shape and space with the matter of the cube and beams with RCP learning better than the scientific learning, upgrade MP grade VIII in the issue of the cube and beams with RCP learning better than the scientific learning in terms of cognitive styles reflective and impulsive the MP grade VIII with the approach of the RCP learning in terms of cognitive styles reflective and impulsive This research is the mixed methods model concurrent embedded. The population in this study, i.e., class VIII SMPN 1 Batang with sample two class. Data were taken with the observation, interviews, and tests and analyzed with a different test average of one party the right qualitative and descriptive. The results of this study demonstrate the capability of the MP student with RCP learning better than the scientific learning, upgrade MP with RCP learning better compare with scientific learning in term cognitive style of reflective and impulsive. The subject of the reflective group top, middle, and bottom can meet all the process of MH indicators are

Chemogenomics profiling of drug targets of peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathway in Leptospira interrogans by virtual screening approaches.

Science.gov (United States)

Bhattacharjee, Biplab; Simon, Rose Mary; Gangadharaiah, Chaithra; Karunakar, Prashantha

2013-06-28

Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis of global concern caused by Leptospira interrogans. The availability of ligand libraries has facilitated the search for novel drug targets using chemogenomics approaches, compared with the traditional method of drug discovery, which is time consuming and yields few leads with little intracellular information for guiding target selection. Recent subtractive genomics studies have revealed the putative drug targets in peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathways in Leptospira interrogans. Aligand library for the murD ligase enzyme in the peptidoglycan pathway has also been identified. Our approach in this research involves screening of the pre-existing ligand library of murD with related protein family members in the putative drug target assembly in the peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathway. A chemogenomics approach has been implemented here, which involves screening of known ligands of a protein family having analogous domain architecture for identification of leads for existing druggable protein family members. By means of this approach, one murC and one murF inhibitor were identified, providing a platform for developing an antileptospirosis drug targeting the peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathway. Given that the peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathway is exclusive to bacteria, the in silico identified mur ligase inhibitors are expected to be broad-spectrum Gram-negative inhibitors if synthesized and tested in in vitro and in vivo assays.

Assessment of Meteorological Drought Indices in Korea Using RCP 8.5 Scenario

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Dongwoo Jang

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Diverse drought indices have been developed and used across the globe to assess and monitor droughts. Among them, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI and Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI are drought indices that have been recently developed and are being used in the world’s leading countries. This study took place in Korea’s major observatories for drought prediction until 2100, using the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP 8.5 scenario. On the basis of the drought index measured by SPI, future climates were forecast to be humid, as the index would rise over time. In contrast, the RDI, which takes evapotranspiration into account, anticipated dry climates, with the drought index gradually falling over time. From the analysis of the drought index through the RCP 8.5 scenario, extreme drought intensity will be more likely to occur due to rising temperatures. To obtain the diversity of drought prediction, the evapotranspiration was deemed necessary for calculating meteorological droughts.

[Construction and application of prokaryotic expression system of Leptospira interrogans lipL32/1-lipL41/1 fusion gene].

Science.gov (United States)

Luo, Dong-jiao; Yan, Jie; Mao, Ya-fei; Li, Shu-ping; Luo, Yi-hui; Li, Li-wei

2005-01-01

To construct lipL32/1-lipL41/1 fusion gene and its prokaryotic expression system and to determine frequencies of carrying and expression of lipL32 and lipL41 genes in L.interrogans wild strains and specific antibody levels in sera from leptospirosis patients. lipL32/1-lipL41/1 fusion gene was constructed using linking primer PCR method and the prokaryotic expression system of the fusion gene done with routine techniques. SDS-PAGE was used to examine expression of the target recombinant protein rLipL32/1-rLipL41/1. Immunogenicity of rLipL32/1-rLipL41/1 was identified by Western blot. PCR and MAT were performed to detect carrying and expression of lipL32 and lipL41 genes in 97 wild L.interrogans strains. Antibodies against products of lipL32 and lipL41 genes in serum samples from 228 leptospirosis patients were detected by ELISA method. The homogeneity of nucleotide and putative amino acid sequence of lipL32/1-lipL41/1 fusion gene were 99.9 % and 99.8 % in comparison with the reported sequences. Expression output of the target recombinant protein rLipL32/1-rLipL41/1, mainly present in inclusion body, accounted for 10 % of the total bacterial proteins. Both the rabbit antisera against rLipL32/1 and rLipL41/1 could combine to rLipL32/1-rLipL41/1. 97.9 % and 87.6 % of the L.interrogans wild strains had lipL32 and lipL41 genes, respectively. 95.9 % and 84.5 % of the wild strains were positive for MAT with titers of 1:4 - 1:128 using rabbit anti-rLipL32s or anti-rLipL41s sera, respectively. 94.7 % - 97.4 % of the patients'serum samples were positive for rLipL32s antibodies, while 78.5 % - 84.6 % of them were rLipL41s antibodies detectable. lipL32/1-jlipL41/1 fusion gene and its prokaryotic expression system were successfully constructed. The expressed fusion protein had qualified immunogenicity. Both the lipL32 and lipL41 genes are extensively carried and frequently expressed by different serogroups of L.interrogans, and their expression products exhibit cross-antigenicity.

LipL53, a temperature regulated protein from Leptospira interrogans that binds to extracellular matrix molecules.

Science.gov (United States)

Oliveira, Tatiane R; Longhi, Mariana T; Gonçales, Amane P; de Morais, Zenaide M; Vasconcellos, Silvio A; Nascimento, Ana L T O

2010-03-01

The regulation of gene expression by environmental signals, such as temperature and osmolarity, has been correlated with virulence. In this study, we characterize the protein LipL53 from Leptospira interrogans, previously shown to react with serum sample of individual diagnosed with leptospirosis and to be up-regulated by shift to physiological osmolarity. The recombinant protein was expressed in Escherichia coli system, in insoluble form, recovered by urea solubilization and further refolded by decreasing the denaturing agent concentration during the purification procedure. The secondary structure content of the recombinant LipL53, as assessed by circular dichroism, showed a mixture of beta-strands and alpha-helix. The presence of LipL53 transcript at 28 degrees C was only detected within the virulent strains. However, upon shifted of attenuated cultures of pathogenic strains from 28 degrees C to 37 degrees C and to 39 degrees C, this transcript could also be observed. LipL53 binds laminin, collagen IV, cellular and plasma fibronectin in dose-dependent and saturable manner. Animal challenge studies showed that LipL53, although immunogenic, elicited only partial protection in hamsters. LipL53 is probably surface exposed as seen through immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. Our results suggest that LipL53 is a novel temperature regulated adhesin of L. interrogans that may be relevant in the leptospiral pathogenesis. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Vibration-Based Damage Diagnosis in a Laboratory Cable-Stayed Bridge Model via an RCP-ARX Model Based Method

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Michaelides, P G; Apostolellis, P G; Fassois, S D

2011-01-01

Vibration-based damage detection and identification in a laboratory cable-stayed bridge model is addressed under inherent, environmental, and experimental uncertainties. The problem is challenging as conventional stochastic methods face difficulties due to uncertainty underestimation. A novel method is formulated based on identified Random Coefficient Pooled ARX (RCP-ARX) representations of the dynamics and statistical hypothesis testing. The method benefits from the ability of RCP models in properly capturing uncertainty. Its effectiveness is demonstrated via a high number of experiments under a variety of damage scenarios.

Vibration-Based Damage Diagnosis in a Laboratory Cable-Stayed Bridge Model via an RCP-ARX Model Based Method

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Michaelides, P G; Apostolellis, P G; Fassois, S D, E-mail: mixail@mech.upatras.gr, E-mail: fassois@mech.upatras.gr [Laboratory for Stochastic Mechanical Systems and Automation (SMSA), Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, University of Patras, GR 265 00 Patras (Greece)

2011-07-19

Vibration-based damage detection and identification in a laboratory cable-stayed bridge model is addressed under inherent, environmental, and experimental uncertainties. The problem is challenging as conventional stochastic methods face difficulties due to uncertainty underestimation. A novel method is formulated based on identified Random Coefficient Pooled ARX (RCP-ARX) representations of the dynamics and statistical hypothesis testing. The method benefits from the ability of RCP models in properly capturing uncertainty. Its effectiveness is demonstrated via a high number of experiments under a variety of damage scenarios.

Small break LOCA analysis for YGN 5 and 6 RCP trip strategy in power mode operation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Tech Mo; Choi, Han Rim

2001-01-01

A continued operation of Reactor Coolant Pumps(RCPs) during a Small Break Loss of Coolant Accident(SBLOCA) in all operation mode may increase unnecessary inventory loss from the Reactor Coolant System(RCS) causing a severe core uncovery which might lead to fuel failure. After Three Mile Island Unit 2(TMI-2) accident, the Combustion Engineering Owner Group(CEOG) developed RCP trip strategy called 'Trip-Two/Leave-Two' (T2/L2). The T2/L2 RCP trip strategy consists of tripping the first two RCPs on low RCS pressure and then tripping the remaining two RCPs if a LOCA has occurred. This analysis demonstrates the inherent safety of RCP trip strategy during an SBLOCA for Youggwang Nuclear Power Plant Unit 5 and 6(YGN 5 and 6). The trip setpoint of the first two RCPs for YGN 5 and 6 is calculated to be 1721 psia in pressurizer pressure based on the limiting SBLOCA with 0.15 ft 2 break size in the hot leg. The analysis results show that YGN 5 and 6 can maintain the core coolability even if the operator fails to trip the second two RCPs or trips at the worst time of minimum liquid inventory

Seropositivity to Leptospira interrogans serovar Bratislava associated to reproductive problems without significant biochemical or hematological alterations in horses Soropositividade para Leptospira interrogans serovar Bratislava associada a falhas reprodutivas sem alterações hematológicas e bioquímicas significativas em cavalos

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Melissa Pinna

2010-10-01

Full Text Available The objective was to study haematological and biochemical alterations associated to seropositivity to Leptospira interrogans serovar Bratislava infection in horses with reproductive alterations, such as neonatal deaths, embryonic deaths and abortions. A flock of mares with poor reproductive performance was studied. Eighty-two (58.6% were seropositive (titre 200; 72 of those (87.8% for Bratislava. Slight haematological and biochemical alterations were observed, being more frequent (PO objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar alterações hematológicas e bioquímicas associadas à soropositividade para Leptospira interrogans sorovar Bratislava em cavalos com alterações reprodutivas, tais como mortes neonatais, absorção embrionária e abortamentos. Um rebanho de éguas com baixos índices reprodutivos foi estudado. Oitenta e duas (58,6% foram soropositivas (títulos 200, sendo 72 destas (87,8% para Bratislava. Foram observadas poucas alterações hematológicas e bioquímicas, mais frequentes (P<0,05 em éguas soropositivas do que soronegativas. Cavalos soropositivos para Bratislava não tinham alterações graves nos valores hematológicos e bioquímicos. Esses achados reforçam que esse sorovar seja adaptado de cavalos e cause apenas sintomas brandos, associados a falhas reprodutivas.

Multiple activities of LigB potentiate virulence of Leptospira interrogans: inhibition of alternative and classical pathways of complement.

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Henry A Choy

Full Text Available Microbial pathogens acquire the immediate imperative to avoid or counteract the formidable defense of innate immunity as soon as they overcome the initial physical barriers of the host. Many have adopted the strategy of directly disrupting the complement system through the capture of its components, using proteins on the pathogen's surface. In leptospirosis, pathogenic Leptospira spp. are resistant to complement-mediated killing, in contrast to the highly vulnerable non-pathogenic strains. Pathogenic L. interrogans uses LenA/LfhA and LcpA to respectively sequester and commandeer the function of two regulators, factor H and C4BP, which in turn bind C3b or C4b to interrupt the alternative or classical pathways of complement activation. LigB, another surface-proximal protein originally characterized as an adhesin binding multiple host proteins, has other activities suggesting its importance early in infection, including binding extracellular matrix, plasma, and cutaneous repair proteins and inhibiting hemostasis. In this study, we used a recent model of ectopic expression of LigB in the saprophyte, L. biflexa, to test the hypothesis that LigB also interacts with complement proteins C3b and C4b to promote the virulence of L. interrogans. The surface expression of LigB partially rescued the non-pathogen from killing by 5% normal human serum, showing 1.3- to 48-fold greater survival 4 to 6 d following exposure to complement than cultures of the non-expressing parental strain. Recombinant LigB7'-12 comprising the LigB-specific immunoglobulin repeats binds directly to human complement proteins, C3b and C4b, with respective K(ds of 43±26 nM and 69±18 nM. Repeats 9 to 11, previously shown to contain the binding domain for fibronectin and fibrinogen, are also important in LigB-complement interactions, which interfere with the alternative and classical pathways measured by complement-mediated hemolysis of erythrocytes. Thus, LigB is an adaptable interface

Changes to extreme wave climates of islands within the Western Tropical Pacific throughout the 21st century under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, with implications for island vulnerability and sustainability

Science.gov (United States)

Shope, James B.; Storlazzi, Curt; Erikson, Li; Hegermiller, Christie

2016-01-01

Waves are the dominant influence on coastal morphology and ecosystem structure of tropical Pacific islands. Wave heights, periods, and directions for the 21st century were projected using near-surface wind fields from four atmosphere-ocean coupled global climate models (GCM) under representative concentration pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5. GCM-derived wind fields forced the global WAVEWATCH-III wave model to generate hourly time-series of bulk wave parameters around 25 islands in the mid to western tropical Pacific Ocean for historical (1976–2005), mid-, and end-of-century time periods. Extreme significant wave heights decreased (~10.0%) throughout the 21st century under both climate scenarios compared to historical wave conditions and the higher radiative forcing 8.5 scenario displayed a greater and more widespread decrease in extreme significant wave heights compared to the lower forcing 4.5 scenario. An exception was for the end-of-century June–August season. Offshore of islands in the central equatorial Pacific, extreme significant wave heights displayed the largest changes from historical values. The frequency of extreme events during December–February decreased under RCP 8.5, whereas the frequency increased under RCP 4.5. Mean wave directions often rotated more than 30° clockwise at several locations during June–August, which could indicate a weakening of the trade winds’ influence on extreme wave directions and increasing dominance of Southern Ocean swell or eastern shift of storm tracks. The projected changes in extreme wave heights, directions of extreme events, and frequencies at which extreme events occur will likely result in changes to the morphology and sustainability of island nations.

SEROPREVALENCE OF NINE LEPTOSPIRA INTERROGANS SEROVARS IN WILD CARNIVORES, UNGULATES, AND PRIMATES FROM A ZOO POPULATION IN A METROPOLITAN REGION OF CHILE.

Science.gov (United States)

Moreno-Beas, Eduardo; Abalos, Pedro; Hidalgo-Hermoso, Ezequiel

2015-12-01

Serum samples from 130 individuals representing 42 species of carnivores, ungulates, and primates from a population of captive mammals in Metropolitan Region in Chile were tested for antibodies against nine serovars of Leptospira interrogans using the microscopic agglutination test. Ten percent of the animals were seropositive to one or more serovars. Seroprevalence was significantly higher in ungulates (20.4%) compared to carnivores (3.8%) and primates (3.4%). There were no significant differences in seroprevalence among sex and age ranges. The most frequent serovar detected was Autumnalis, present in 53.4% of antibody-positive animals. Most positive animals had titers of ≤1 : 200, except for a maned wolf ( Chrysocyon brachyurus ) with titers of 1 : 400 against serovar Hardjo. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of Leptospira exposure detected in native endangered pudu ( Pudu puda ) and the first confirmation of exposure to L. interrogans in captive wild mammals in Chile. Leptospirosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in future disease presentation for hepatitis or abortions in captive mammals in Chile.

Effects of delayed RCP trip during SBLOCA in PWR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Montero-Mayorga, J.; Queral, C.; Gonzalez-Cadelo, J.

2014-01-01

Highlights: • Review of RCP trip issue in case of SBLOCA showing adequacy of present EOPs. • Risk assessment of a SBLOCA deterministic safety analysis by means of ISA methodology. • Evaluation of the probability of damage considering uncertainties in operator actuation times. • Application of ISA methodology to probabilistic safety analysis. • Obtaining of RCP trip available time as function of break size. - Abstract: After the Three Mile Island (TMI) accident, the issue of when to trip the Reactor Coolant Pumps (RCPs) in case of a Small Break Loss of Coolant Accident (SBLOCA) became very important. Several analyses were performed during the 1980s leading to the current Emergency Operating Procedures (EOPs). However these analyses have not been reviewed taking into account that several improvements have been performed in the last thirty years with respect to two phase-flow models, thermal–hydraulics codes and safety assessment methodologies. In this sense, this work has two main objectives: First of all, an assessment of the analyses carried out by Pressurizer Water Reactor (PWR) vendors after the TMI-2 accident with a model of Almaraz Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) for TRACE code (V 5.0 patch 1). On the other hand, Integrated Safety Assessment (ISA) methodology is applied to explore this matter. Such methodology has been developed by the Spanish Nuclear Safety Council (CSN) and it is an adequate method to perform analyses in nuclear safety in which the uncertainties in operator actuation time play an important role. The main conclusions obtained from this work are that, the current EOPs are adequate to manage a SBLOCA sequence in a suitable manner and that ISA methodology is a powerful tool that provides accurate information to the analyst in order to verify the robustness of the EOPs and to perform the safety assessment of both, deterministic and probabilistic safety analysis

Lsa63, a newly identified surface protein of Leptospira interrogans binds laminin and collagen IV.

Science.gov (United States)

Vieira, Monica L; de Morais, Zenaide M; Gonçales, Amane P; Romero, Eliete C; Vasconcellos, Silvio A; Nascimento, Ana L T O

2010-01-01

Leptospira interrogans is the etiological agent of leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease that affects populations worldwide. We have identified in proteomic studies a protein that is encoded by the gene LIC10314 and expressed in virulent strain of L. interrogans serovar Pomona. This protein was predicted to be surface exposed by PSORT program and contains a p83/100 domain identified by BLAST analysis that is conserved in protein antigens of several strains of Borrelia and Treponema spp. The proteins containing this domain have been claimed antigen candidates for serodiagnosis of Lyme borreliosis. Thus, we have cloned the LIC10314 and expressed the protein in Escherichia coli BL21-SI strain by using the expression vector pAE. The recombinant protein tagged with N-terminal hexahistidine was purified by metal-charged chromatography and characterized by circular dichroism spectroscopy. This protein is conserved among several species of pathogenic Leptospira and absent in the saprophytic strain L. biflexa. We confirm by liquid-phase immunofluorescence assays with living organisms that this protein is most likely a new surface leptospiral protein. The ability of the protein to mediate attachment to ECM components was evaluated by binding assays. The leptospiral protein encoded by LIC10314, named Lsa63 (Leptospiral surface adhesin of 63kDa), binds strongly to laminin and collagen IV in a dose-dependent and saturable fashion. In addition, Lsa63 is probably expressed during infection since it was recognized by antibodies of serum samples of confirmed-leptospirosis patients in convalescent phase of the disease. Altogether, the data suggests that this novel identified surface protein may be involved in leptospiral pathogenesis. 2009 The British Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Quick EXAFS experiments using a now GDA eclipse RCP GUI with EPICS hardware control

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Woolliscroft, R.J.; Coles, C.; Gerring, M.; Pearson, M.

2012-01-01

The Generic Data Acquisition (GDA) framework is an open source, Java and Eclipse RCP based, data acquisition software framework for synchrotron and neutron facilities. A new implementation of the GDA on the B18 X-ray beamline at the Diamond synchrotron will be discussed. This beamline performs energy scanning Xray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) experiments. It includes a continuous-scan mode of the monochromator synchronized with various detectors for Quick EXAFS (QEXAFS) experiments. XAS energy scans may now be performed in 30 s, where the equivalent step scans take approximately 40 minutes. A new generic perspective for the GDA client has been developed in which graphical editors are used to write XML files which hold experimental parameters. The XML files are marshalled by the GDA server to create Java beans used by Jython scripts which run on the GDA server. Underlying this, a new generic continuous scanning mechanism for the GDA has been developed. The new Eclipse RCP UI, the new continuous scanning mechanism, new hardware development and integration between the two systems shall be covered. (authors)

Protective Immunity and Reduced Renal Colonization Induced by Vaccines Containing Recombinant Leptospira interrogans Outer Membrane Proteins and Flagellin Adjuvant

Science.gov (United States)

Monaris, D.; Sbrogio-Almeida, M. E.; Dib, C. C.; Canhamero, T. A.; Souza, G. O.; Vasconcellos, S. A.; Ferreira, L. C. S.

2015-01-01

Leptospirosis is a global zoonotic disease caused by different Leptospira species, such as Leptospira interrogans, that colonize the renal tubules of wild and domestic animals. Thus far, attempts to develop effective leptospirosis vaccines, both for humans and animals, have failed to induce immune responses capable of conferring protection and simultaneously preventing renal colonization. In this study, we evaluated the protective immunity induced by subunit vaccines containing seven different recombinant Leptospira interrogans outer membrane proteins, including the carboxy-terminal portion of the immunoglobulinlike protein A (LigAC) and six novel antigens, combined with aluminum hydroxide (alum) or Salmonella flagellin (FliC) as adjuvants. Hamsters vaccinated with the different formulations elicited high antigen-specific antibody titers. Immunization with LigAC, either with alum or flagellin, conferred protective immunity but did not prevent renal colonization. Similarly, animals immunized with LigAC or LigAC coadministered with six leptospiral proteins with alum adjuvant conferred protection but did not reduce renal colonization. In contrast, immunizing animals with the pool of seven antigens in combination with flagellin conferred protection and significantly reduced renal colonization by the pathogen. The present study emphasizes the relevance of antigen composition and added adjuvant in the efficacy of antileptospirosis subunit vaccines and shows the complex relationship between immune responses and renal colonization by the pathogen. PMID:26108285

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the edta extract of Leptospira interrogans, serovar icterohaemorrhagiae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lilian Terezinha de Queiroz Leite

1996-10-01

Full Text Available Monoclonal antibodies (MABs ivere produced against an etbylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA extract of Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae being characterized by gel precipitation as IgM and IgG (IgGl and IgG2b. The EDTA extract was detected as several bands by silver staining in SDS-PAGE. In the Western blot the bands around 20 KDa reacted with a monoclonal antibody, 47B4D6, and was oxidized by periodate and was not digested by pronase, suggesting that the determinant is of carbohydrate nature, lmmunocytochemistry, using colloidal gold labeling, showed that an EDTA extract determinant recognized by monoclonal antibody 47B4D6, is localized under the outer envelope of serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. Hoe AIAB raised against the EDTA extract was not able to protect hamsters from lethal challenge with virulent homologous leptospires.Anticorpos monoclonais (AcM foram produzidos contra o extrato EDTA obtido de Leptospira interrogans, sorovar icterohaemorrhagiae. Pelo teste de precipitação foram caracterizados como IgM e IgG (IgGl e IgG2. A eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida do extrato EDTA revelou diversas bandas quando corada pela prata. No "Western blot", as bandas em torno de 20 kDa reagiram com o AcM 47B4D6, foram oxidadas pelo periodato e não digeridas pela pronase, sugerindo que o determinante é de natureza carboidrato. O determinante reconhecido pelo AcM 47B4D6 estã localizado sob o envelope externo como revelado pela imunocitoquímica usando marcação com ouro coloidal. O AcM contra extrato EDTA do sorovar icterohaemorrahagiae não protegeu hamsters quando inoculados com lepstopira homóloga virulenta.

Identification and Characterization of c-di-GMP Metabolic Enzymes of Leptospira interrogans and c-di-GMP Fluctuations After Thermal Shift and Infection

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Guohui Xiao

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira species. The most common species, Leptospira interrogans, can transfer from contaminated soil or water to the human body. It is able to survive these changing environments through sensing and responding to the changes of environmental cues. Cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP is a special secondary messenger in bacteria, which can respond to the environment and regulate diverse bacterial behaviors. The c-di-GMP levels in bacterial cells are regulated by diguanylatecyclases (DGC and phosphodiesterases (PDE, which are responsible for synthesizing or hydrolyzing c-di-GMP, respectively. In this study, distribution and phylogenetics of c-di-GMP metabolic genes among 15 leptospiral species were systematically analyzed. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that leptospiral species contain a multitude of c-di-GMP metabolic genes. C-di-GMP metabolic genes in L. interrogans strain Lai 56601 were further analyzed and the results showed that these genes have very diverse expression patterns. Most of the putative DGCs and PDEs possess enzymatic activities, as determined by riboswitch-based dual-fluorescence reporters in vivo or HPLC in vitro. Furtherer analysis of subdomains from GGDEF-containing proteins revealed that the ability to synthesize c-di-GMP was lost when the GAF domain from LA1483 and PAS domain from LA2932 were deleted, while deletion of the REC domain from LA2528 did not affect its ability to synthesize c-di-GMP. Furthermore, high temperatures generally resulted in low c-di-GMP concentrations in L. interrogans and most of the c-di-GMP metabolic genes exhibited differential temperature regulation. Also, infection of murine J774A.1 cells resulted in reduced c-di-GMP levels, while no significant change of c-di-GMP metabolic genes on transcriptional levels were observed during the infection of J774A.1 cells. Taken together, these results provide a basic platform for future studies of c

Structural differences in reciprocal translocations. Potential for a model of risk in Rcp.

Science.gov (United States)

Daniel, A

1979-10-01

Interchange segment sizes and the sizes of chromosome imbalance arising from the different modes of meiotic segregation were measured in a selected sample of 20 reciprocal translocations (Rep). The Rep were selected by two modes of ascertainment: (I) neonates with an unbalanced form of the translocation, and (II) couples with recurrent spontaneous abortions without evidence of full-term translocation aneuploid offspring. The measurements (% of haploid autosomal length: %HAL) were plotted as the observed or potential chromosomal imbalance with monosomy (abscissa) and trisomy (ordinate). It was found that (a) the interchange segments were larger in the spontaneous abortion Rcp, (b) that all of the imbalances observed in full-term neonates plotted close to the origin and to the left of the line joining 4% trisomy to 2% monosomy, and (c) the imbalances observed in the neonates in each individual Rcp were of the smallest size possible arising by any segregation mode. It was concluded that a major factor in the survival to term of aneuploid conceptuses is the size (proportion of genome) of the chromosome abnormality, irrespective of the origin of the chromosome regions. These results are discussed in relation to their use as a model to evaluate the risk of abnormal offspring in the progeny of translocation heterozygotes (the Chromosome Imbalance Size-Viability Model).

Pathogenomic inference of virulence-associated genes in Leptospira interrogans.

Science.gov (United States)

Lehmann, Jason S; Fouts, Derrick E; Haft, Daniel H; Cannella, Anthony P; Ricaldi, Jessica N; Brinkac, Lauren; Harkins, Derek; Durkin, Scott; Sanka, Ravi; Sutton, Granger; Moreno, Angelo; Vinetz, Joseph M; Matthias, Michael A

2013-01-01

Leptospirosis is a globally important, neglected zoonotic infection caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. Since genetic transformation remains technically limited for pathogenic Leptospira, a systems biology pathogenomic approach was used to infer leptospiral virulence genes by whole genome comparison of culture-attenuated Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai with its virulent, isogenic parent. Among the 11 pathogen-specific protein-coding genes in which non-synonymous mutations were found, a putative soluble adenylate cyclase with host cell cAMP-elevating activity, and two members of a previously unstudied ∼15 member paralogous gene family of unknown function were identified. This gene family was also uniquely found in the alpha-proteobacteria Bartonella bacilliformis and Bartonella australis that are geographically restricted to the Andes and Australia, respectively. How the pathogenic Leptospira and these two Bartonella species came to share this expanded gene family remains an evolutionary mystery. In vivo expression analyses demonstrated up-regulation of 10/11 Leptospira genes identified in the attenuation screen, and profound in vivo, tissue-specific up-regulation by members of the paralogous gene family, suggesting a direct role in virulence and host-pathogen interactions. The pathogenomic experimental design here is generalizable as a functional systems biology approach to studying bacterial pathogenesis and virulence and should encourage similar experimental studies of other pathogens.

Predictable Technique to Register Retruded Contact Position (RCP) Using a Disposable Jaw Relation Recording Device.

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Daher, Tony; Lobel, William A; Massad, Joseph; Ahuja, Swati; Danilov, Zarko Jack

2015-05-01

The dental literature presents various definitions and techniques to describe and register centric relation (CR) or centric occlusion (CO). Briefly reviewing the literature in relation to CR, this article proposes the use of the term retruded contact position (RCP), clinically defined as retruded, unstrained, repeatable position and where the mandibular movements start when a Gothic arch tracing is used. With this clinical definition, a technique can be easily selected that meets all the requirements of such position. The article discusses the use of a jaw recorder that is an intraorally graphic recording device that results in a tracing of mandibular movements in one plane, with the apex of the tracing indicating the retruded, unstrained, and repeatable relationship. The intersection of the arcs produced by the right and left working movement form the apex of the Gothic arch tracing. Several clinical situations using the jaw recorder are described. Clinicians can now quickly and accurately record RCP, balance complete, partial, or implant dentures, and orthopedically reposition the mandible. The technique achieves highly reliable and reproducible results.

Large-scale purification and in vitro characterization of the assembly of MreB from Leptospira interrogans.

Science.gov (United States)

Barkó, Szilvia; Szatmári, Dávid; Bódis, Emőke; Türmer, Katalin; Ujfalusi, Zoltán; Popp, David; Robinson, Robert C; Nyitrai, Miklós

2016-09-01

Weil's syndrome is caused by Leptospira interrogans infections, a Gram negative bacterium with a distinct thin corkscrew cell shape. The molecular basis for this unusual morphology is unknown. In many bacteria, cell wall synthesis is orchestrated by the actin homolog, MreB. Here we have identified the MreB within the L. interrogans genome and expressed the His-tagged protein product of the synthesized gene (Li-MreB) in Escherichia coli. Li-MreB did not purify under standard nucleotide-free conditions used for MreBs from other species, requiring the continual presence of ATP to remain soluble. Covalent modification of Li-MreB free thiols with Alexa488 produced a fluorescent version of Li-MreB. We developed native and denaturing/refolding purification schemes for Li-MreB. The purified product was shown to assemble and disassemble in MgCl2 and KCl dependent manners, as monitored by light scattering and sedimentation studies. The fluorescence spectrum of labeled Li-MreB-Alexa488 showed cation-induced changes in line with an activation process followed by a polymerization phase. The resulting filaments appeared as bundles and sheets under the fluorescence microscope. Finally, since the Li-MreB polymerization was cation dependent, we developed a simple method to measure monovalent cation concentrations within a test case prokaryote, E. coli. We have identified and initially characterized the cation-dependent polymerization properties of a novel MreB from a non-rod shaped bacterium and developed a method to measure cation concentrations within prokaryotes. This initial characterization of Li-MreB will enable future structural determination of the MreB filament from this corkscrew-shaped bacterium. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

RCP: a novel probe design bias correction method for Illumina Methylation BeadChip.

Science.gov (United States)

Niu, Liang; Xu, Zongli; Taylor, Jack A

2016-09-01

The Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip has been extensively utilized in epigenome-wide association studies. This array and its successor, the MethylationEPIC array, use two types of probes-Infinium I (type I) and Infinium II (type II)-in order to increase genome coverage but differences in probe chemistries result in different type I and II distributions of methylation values. Ignoring the difference in distributions between the two probe types may bias downstream analysis. Here, we developed a novel method, called Regression on Correlated Probes (RCP), which uses the existing correlation between pairs of nearby type I and II probes to adjust the beta values of all type II probes. We evaluate the effect of this adjustment on reducing probe design type bias, reducing technical variation in duplicate samples, improving accuracy of measurements against known standards, and retention of biological signal. We find that RCP is statistically significantly better than unadjusted data or adjustment with alternative methods including SWAN and BMIQ. We incorporated the method into the R package ENmix, which is freely available from the Bioconductor website (https://www.bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/ENmix.html). niulg@ucmail.uc.edu Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. Published by Oxford University Press 2016. This work is written by US Government employees and is in the public domain in the US.

Leptospira interrogans serotype hardjo in dairy cows

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Vidić Branka M.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Data on L. hardjo infection of dairy cows in the world pint out its important role in the occurrence of health and economic problem. L. interrogans serotype hardjo has been described as the cause of miscarriages, stillbirts, or the birhs of poorly vital calves, agalactia, mastitis, and low fertility in cows. Two L. hardjo genotypes have been identified in cows, namely, hardjopraitno and hardjobovis. Serological investigations have established a drastic increase in this leptospiral infection in cows. L. hardjo has become adapted to cattle as the primary host, so that an infection is maintained in herds and becomes deeply rooted because of the permanent presence of the source of infection. It was believed that sheep were accidental hosts, but the latest research suggest that they are yet another, transitory, host for maintining this leptospira serotype. L. hardjo is also important from the aspect of human health, especially of persons who are professionally exposed to this infection. L. hardjo infection is detected using serological tests and by proving the presence of leptospira. The medicine of choice in the therapy of leptospiral infections is streptomycin (DSM. Therapy using oxytetracyclines for clinical mastitis was also proven effective. Treatment is most successful in the early stage of the disease. A single dose of streptomycin administered in infected herds reduces the duration period of leptospira excretion through urine, thus preventing the spread of infection thorugh contaminated urine. The basic components of the plan to contain leptospira are the following: serological investigations, sanitary-higiene measures, the elimination of animals which excrete leptospira through urine, therapy, vaccination, quarantine.

Pre-test analysis of ATLAS SBO with RCP seal leakage scenario using MARS code

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pham, Quang Huy; Lee, Sang Young; Oh, Seung Jong [KEPCO International Nuclear Graduate School, Ulsan (Korea, Republic of)

2015-10-15

This study presents a pre-test calculation for the Advanced Thermal-hydraulic Test Loop for Accident Simulation (ATLAS) SBO experiment with RCP seal leakage scenario. Initially, turbine-driven auxfeed water pumps are used. Then, outside cooling water injection method is used for long term cooling. The analysis results would be useful for conducting the experiment to verify the APR 1400 extended SBO optimum mitigation strategy using outside cooling water injection in future. The pre-test calculation for ATLAS extended SBO with RCP seal leakage and outside cooling water injection scenario is performed. After Fukushima nuclear accident, the capability of coping with the extended station blackout (SBO) becomes important. Many NPPs are applying FLEX approach as main coping strategies for extended SBO scenarios. In FLEX strategies, outside cooling water injection to reactor cooling system (RCS) and steam generators (SGs) is considered as an effective method to remove residual heat and maintain the inventory of the systems during the accident. It is worthwhile to examine the soundness of outside cooling water injection method for extended SBO mitigation by both calculation and experimental demonstration. From the calculation results, outside cooling water injection into RCS and SGs is verified as an effective method during extended SBO when RCS and SGs depressurization is sufficiently performed.

Pathogenomic inference of virulence-associated genes in Leptospira interrogans.

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Jason S Lehmann

Full Text Available Leptospirosis is a globally important, neglected zoonotic infection caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. Since genetic transformation remains technically limited for pathogenic Leptospira, a systems biology pathogenomic approach was used to infer leptospiral virulence genes by whole genome comparison of culture-attenuated Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai with its virulent, isogenic parent. Among the 11 pathogen-specific protein-coding genes in which non-synonymous mutations were found, a putative soluble adenylate cyclase with host cell cAMP-elevating activity, and two members of a previously unstudied ∼15 member paralogous gene family of unknown function were identified. This gene family was also uniquely found in the alpha-proteobacteria Bartonella bacilliformis and Bartonella australis that are geographically restricted to the Andes and Australia, respectively. How the pathogenic Leptospira and these two Bartonella species came to share this expanded gene family remains an evolutionary mystery. In vivo expression analyses demonstrated up-regulation of 10/11 Leptospira genes identified in the attenuation screen, and profound in vivo, tissue-specific up-regulation by members of the paralogous gene family, suggesting a direct role in virulence and host-pathogen interactions. The pathogenomic experimental design here is generalizable as a functional systems biology approach to studying bacterial pathogenesis and virulence and should encourage similar experimental studies of other pathogens.

Expression and characterization of recombinant leptospiral outer membrane protein LipL32 from Leptospira interrogans serovar autumnalis.

Science.gov (United States)

Boonsathorn, Naphatsawan; Konghom, Ganokrot; Mongkolsiri, Kaveewan; Jirapongwattana, Chanin; Balachandra, Kruavon; Naigowit, Pimjai; Sawanpanyalert, Pathom

2009-01-01

Leptospira interrogans serovar autumnalis, a causative agent of leptospirosis in Thailand, was isolated from a patient for DNA extraction and amplification of LipL32 gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The 782 bp PCR product was obtained, which was inserted into pAE plasmid with polyhistidine (His6 tag) to construct pAE-LipL32. This recombinant plasmid was transfected into E. coli BL21 (DE3). His6-LipL32 was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. The recombinant protein was used as antigen for testing with sera from leptospirosis and syphilis patients by dot-ELISA technique. It reacted positively with leptospirosis patient sera and negatively with syphilis and healthy sera.

Determination of Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Javanica and Leptospira interrogans serovar Bataviae as the persistent Leptospira serovars circulating in the urban rat populations in Peninsular Malaysia.

Science.gov (United States)

Benacer, Douadi; Mohd Zain, Siti Nursheena; Sim, Shin Zhu; Mohd Khalid, Mohd Khairul Nizam; Galloway, Renee L; Souris, Marc; Thong, Kwai Lin

2016-03-01

Leptospirosis is an emerging infectious disease of global significance, and is endemic in tropical countries, including Malaysia. Over the last decade, a dramatic increase of human cases was reported; however, information on the primary vector, the rat, and the Leptospira serovars circulating among the rat population is limited. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to isolate Leptospira and characterise the serovars circulating in the urban rat populations from selected main cities in Peninsular Malaysia. Rat trappings were carried out between October 2011 to February 2014 in five urban cities which were chosen as study sites to represent different geographical locations in Peninsular Malaysia. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and PCR were carried out to identify the Leptospiral serogroup and determine the pathogenic status of the isolates, respectively while pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR were used to characterize the isolates. Three rat species were identified from the three hundred and fifty seven rats captured with Rattus rattus, being the dominant rat species (285, 80 %) followed by Rattus norgevicus (53, 15 %) and Rattus exulans (19, 5 %). Only 39 samples (11.0 %) were positive by culture and further confirmed as pathogenic Leptospira by PCR. Significant associations were shown between host infection with locality, season, host-age and species. Based on MAT, two serogroups were identified in the population namely; L. borgpetersenii serogroup Javanica (n = 16) and L. interrogans serogroup Bataviae (n = 23). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) distinguished the two serovars in the urban rat populations: L. borgpetersenii serovar Javanica (41 %), and L. interrogans serovar Bataviae (59 %). RAPD-PCR yielded 14 distinct patterns and was found to be more discriminative than PFGE. This study confirms two Leptospira serovars circulating among the urban rats population in Peninsular

[Reconstruction of Leptospira interrogans lipL21 gene and characteristics of its expression product].

Science.gov (United States)

Luo, Dong-jiao; Hu, Ye; Dennin, R H; Yan, Jie

2007-09-01

To reconstruct the nucleotide sequence of Leptospira interrogans lipL21 gene for increasing the output of prokaryotic expression and to understand the changes on immunogenicity of the expression products before and after reconstruction, and to determine the position of envelope lipoprotein LipL21 on the surface of leptospiral body. According to the preferred codons of E.coli, the nucleotide sequence of lipL21 gene was designed and synthesized, and then its prokaryotic expression system was constructed. By using SDS-PAGE plus BioRad agarose image analysor, the expression level changes of lipL21 genes before and after reconstruction were measured. A Western blot assay using rabbit anti-TR/Patoc I serum as the first antibody was performed to identify the immunoreactivity of the two target recombinant proteins rLipL21s before and after reconstruction. The changes of cross agglutination titers of antisera against two rLipL21s before and after reconstruction to the different leptospiral serogroups were demonstrated using microscope agglutination test (MAT). Immuno-electronmicroscopy was applied to confirm the location of LipL21s. The expression outputs of original and reconstructed lipL21 genes were 8.5 % and 46.5 % of the total bacterial proteins, respectively. Both the two rLipL21s could take place immune conjugation reaction with TR/Patoc I antiserum. After immunization with each of the two rLipL21s in rabbits, the animals could produce specific antibody. Similar MAT titers with 1:80 - 1:320 of the two antisera against rLipL21s were present. LipL21 was confirmed to locate on the surface of leptospiral envelope. LipL21 is a superficial antigen of Leptospira interrogans. The expression output of the reconstructed lipL21 gene is remarkably increased. The expression rLipL21 maintains fine antigenicity and immunoreactivity and its antibody still shows an extensive cross immunoagglutination activity. The high expression of the reconstructed lipL21 gene will offer a

RCP-driven α5β1 recycling suppresses Rac and promotes RhoA activity via the RacGAP1-IQGAP1 complex.

Science.gov (United States)

Jacquemet, Guillaume; Green, David M; Bridgewater, Rebecca E; von Kriegsheim, Alexander; Humphries, Martin J; Norman, Jim C; Caswell, Patrick T

2013-09-16

Inhibition of αvβ3 or expression of mutant p53 promotes invasion into fibronectin (FN)-containing extracellular matrix (ECM) by enhancing Rab-coupling protein (RCP)-dependent recycling of α5β1 integrin. RCP and α5β1 cooperatively recruit receptor tyrosine kinases, including EGFR1, to regulate their trafficking and downstream signaling via protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt, which, in turn, promotes invasive migration. In this paper, we identify a novel PKB/Akt substrate, RacGAP1, which is phosphorylated as a consequence of RCP-dependent α5β1 trafficking. Phosphorylation of RacGAP1 promotes its recruitment to IQGAP1 at the tips of invasive pseudopods, and RacGAP1 then locally suppresses the activity of the cytoskeletal regulator Rac and promotes the activity of RhoA in this subcellular region. This Rac to RhoA switch promotes the extension of pseudopodial processes and invasive migration into FN-containing matrices, in a RhoA-dependent manner. Thus, the localized endocytic trafficking of α5β1 within the tips of invasive pseudopods elicits signals that promote the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, protrusion, and invasion into FN-rich ECM.

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the edta extract of Leptospira interrogans, serovar icterohaemorrhagiae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lilian Terezinha de Queiroz Leite

1996-10-01

Full Text Available Monoclonal antibodies (MABs ivere produced against an etbylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA extract of Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae being characterized by gel precipitation as IgM and IgG (IgGl and IgG2b. The EDTA extract was detected as several bands by silver staining in SDS-PAGE. In the Western blot the bands around 20 KDa reacted with a monoclonal antibody, 47B4D6, and was oxidized by periodate and was not digested by pronase, suggesting that the determinant is of carbohydrate nature, lmmunocytochemistry, using colloidal gold labeling, showed that an EDTA extract determinant recognized by monoclonal antibody 47B4D6, is localized under the outer envelope of serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. Hoe AIAB raised against the EDTA extract was not able to protect hamsters from lethal challenge with virulent homologous leptospires.

Leptospira interrogans en una población canina del Gran Buenos Aires: variables asociadas con la seropositividad Leptospira interrogans in a canine population of Greater Buenos Aires: variables associated with seropositivity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diana Rubel

1997-08-01

Full Text Available Se determinó la seroprevalencia de leptospirosis en una población canina suburbana con el objeto de analizar la asociación entre distintas variables individuales y ambientales y la seropositividad a leptospirosis. El estudio, de diseño transversal, se llevó a cabo durante julio de 1992 en un barrio del Gran Buenos Aires en el que viven unos 9 500 habitantes y una población canina de unos 2 000 animales. Se estudió una muestra aleatoria de 223 perros, de cada uno de los cuales se obtuvo una muestra de sangre. La ficha epidemiológica del animal se obtuvo por encuesta al ama de casa. Las determinaciones serológicas se realizaron por microaglutinación frente a 10 serotipos de Leptospira interrogans. Se halló seropositividad en 57% de los 223 perros examinados; 82% de los sueros positivos coaglutinaron con dos o más serotipos. Los serotipos detectados con mayor frecuencia fueron canicola y pyrogenes. La seroprevalencia en hembras fue menor que en machos (P We determined the seroprevalence of leptospirosis in a suburban canine population for the purpose of analyzing the association between different individual and environmental variables and seropositivity for leptospirosis. The study, which was cross-sectional, was performed in July 1992 in a neighborhood of Greater Buenos Aires with approximately 9 500 inhabitants and a canine population of around 2 000 animals. We studied a random sample of 223 dogs and obtained a blood sample from each. Each animal’s epidemiologic history was obtained by interviewing the housewife. Serologic measurements were performed by the microagglutination technique with the use of 10 different serotypes of Leptospira interrogans. Of the 223 dogs that were tested, 57% showed seropositivity; 82% of the positive sera coagglutinated with two or more serotypes. The most frequently detected serotypes were canicola and pyrogenes. Seroprevalence in females was less common than in males (P <0,05 and in puppies less than

First year evaluation of EPA's radon contractor proficiency (RCP) program

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Salmon, G.L.

1990-01-01

This paper reports that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has developed a voluntary program to evaluate radon reduction contractors and provide this information to the public, as part of activities mandated by the Indoor Radon Abatement Act (IRAA) of 1988. The Radon Contractor Proficiency Program consists of several elements that collectively help to ensure the proficiency of radon mitigators and give the public greater confidence in their capability. Contractors who participate in the program must pass a written examination, adhere to mitigation guidelines, keep records of work, meet continuing education requirements and pass a re-examination every two years. Upon meeting the program's requirements, mitigators are listed in EPA's National RCP Proficiency Report. The first Report released on May 15, 1990 listed 636 contractors. The second Report, to be release in August, will list 895 contractors, representing an increase of 40 per cent

Projected and Observed Aridity and Climate Change in the East Coast of South India under RCP 4.5

Science.gov (United States)

Ramachandran, A.; Praveen, Dhanya; Jaganathan, R.; Palanivelu, K.

2015-01-01

In the purview of global warming, the present study attempts to project changes in climate and quantify the changes in aridity of two coastal districts in south India under the RCP 4.5 trajectory. Projected climate change output generated by RegCM 4.4 model, pertaining to 14 grid points located within the study area, was analyzed and processed for this purpose. The meteorological parameters temperature and precipitations were used to create De Martonne Aridity Index, to assess the spatial distribution of aridity. The original index values ranged from 13.7 to 16.4 mm/°C, characterizing this area as a semidry climate. The outcome from the changed scenario analysis under RCP 4.5 showed that, during the end of the 21st century, the aridity may be increased more as the index values tend to reduce. The increasing trend in the drying phenomenon may be attributed to the rising of mean annual temperatures. PMID:26771002

[Prokaryotic expression of trigeminy artificial fusion gene of Leptospira interrogans and the immunogenicity of its products].

Science.gov (United States)

Luo, Dong-jiao; Qiu, Xiao-feng; Wang, Jiang; Yan, Jin; Wang, Hai-bin; Zhou, Jin-cheng; Yan, Jie

2008-11-01

To construct lipL32/1-lipL21-OmpL1/2 fusion gene of Leptospira interrogans and its prokaryotic expression system, and to identify the immunogenicity of its products. PCR using linking primers was applied to construct lipL32/1-lipL21-OmpL1/2 fusion gene and a prokaryotic expression system of the fusion gene was then established using routine genetic engineering technique. SDS-PAGE was used to examine output of the target recombinant protein rLipL32/1-LipL21-OmpL1/2. Double immunodiffusion and Western Blot assay were applied to identify immunogenicity of rLipL32/1-LipL21-OmpL1/2. lipL32/1-lipL21-OmpL1/2 fusion gene with correct sequence and its prokaryotic expression system E.coli BL21DE3pET42a-lipL32/1-lipL21-ompL1/2 was obtained in this study. The output of rLipL32/1-LipL21- OmpL1/2 after optimisation was 37.78 mg/L. The immunodiffusion titer of rabbit antiserum against rLipL32/1-LipL21-OmpL1/2 was 1:4. The rLipL32/1-LipL21-OmpL1/2 antiserum was able to recognize rLipL32/1-LipL21-OmpL1/2, rLipL32/1, rLipL21 and rOmpL1/2. Positive Western hybridization signals were found among rLipL32/1-LipL21-OmpL1/2 and rabbit antiserum against whole cell of strain 56601 and serum from patients infected with L.interrogans serogroups Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa, Autumnalis and Pomona. The fusion gene lipL32/1-lipL21-OmpL1/2 and its prokaryotic expression system were successfully constructed in this study. The expressed fusion protein can be used as the antigen for developing universal genetic engineering vaccine and universal serological tests of leptospirosis.

Regional climate projection based on RCP scenarios in the CORDEX East Asia Domain Using RegCM4

Science.gov (United States)

Suh, M. S.; Oh, S. G.; Cha, D. H.; Kang, H. S.

2012-04-01

Regional climate projection data is essential to the adaptation and risk management for the expected climate change. In this stduy, we reproduced regional climate over CORDEX East Asia for 72 years from 1979 to 2050 with 50-km resolution using the latest regional climate model version 4, RegCM4, driven by HadGEM2-AO with about 135-km resolution under Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5/4.5. Simulation skills of RegCM4 for the present climate (1980-2005, spin up time: 1979) over CORDEX East Asia are evaluated with CRU-TS (Climate Research Unit Time-Series) 3.0 and GPCP (Global Precipitation Climatology Project). And KMA ground observation data are also used for the detailed assessment of RegCM4 over South Korea. The evaluation results showed that RegCM4 reasonalbly simulated the spatial distribution, and inter-annual and seasonal variations of surface air temperature. However, it showed a non-negligible systemartic biases in the precipitation. In particular, the rainband accompanied by the seasonal march of East Asian summer monsoon was simulated too southward, below 30° N comparing to the GPCP. As a reulst, summer precipitation over South Korea and Japan island was significantly underestimated. Under RCP8.5 (RCP4.5) scenario, annual mean temperature over the CORDEX East Asia is expected to increase by + 1.6 oC(+1.4oC) above the present level (1980-2005) by the end of the future simulation period. Most of the regions (South-Korea, South-China, North-China, India, Japan, Mongolia) show the increaseing trend of surface air temperature. On the other hand, the future changes of precipitation are not systemaic at the most of regions and seasons. More detailed results including projected regional climate change will be discussed in the presentation.

RCP-driven α5β1 recycling suppresses Rac and promotes RhoA activity via the RacGAP1–IQGAP1 complex

Science.gov (United States)

Jacquemet, Guillaume; Green, David M.; Bridgewater, Rebecca E.; von Kriegsheim, Alexander; Humphries, Martin J.; Norman, Jim C.

2013-01-01

Inhibition of αvβ3 or expression of mutant p53 promotes invasion into fibronectin (FN)-containing extracellular matrix (ECM) by enhancing Rab-coupling protein (RCP)–dependent recycling of α5β1 integrin. RCP and α5β1 cooperatively recruit receptor tyrosine kinases, including EGFR1, to regulate their trafficking and downstream signaling via protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt, which, in turn, promotes invasive migration. In this paper, we identify a novel PKB/Akt substrate, RacGAP1, which is phosphorylated as a consequence of RCP-dependent α5β1 trafficking. Phosphorylation of RacGAP1 promotes its recruitment to IQGAP1 at the tips of invasive pseudopods, and RacGAP1 then locally suppresses the activity of the cytoskeletal regulator Rac and promotes the activity of RhoA in this subcellular region. This Rac to RhoA switch promotes the extension of pseudopodial processes and invasive migration into FN-containing matrices, in a RhoA-dependent manner. Thus, the localized endocytic trafficking of α5β1 within the tips of invasive pseudopods elicits signals that promote the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, protrusion, and invasion into FN-rich ECM. PMID:24019536

National Radon Contractor Proficiency (RCP) program. Proficiency report, September 1991

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1991-09-01

The primary objective of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) efforts to address the indoor radon problem is to reduce radon levels in buildings throughout the country. Achieving this objective requires a nationwide supply of capable radon mitigation contractors. In the Indoor Radon Abatement Act of 1988, Congress authorized EPA to establish a program to evaluate radon mitigation contractors and to provide this information to the public in cooperation with the States. The Radon Contractor Proficiency (RCP) Program was developed to assist States, EPA Regions, local government officials, and the public in selecting contractors who have demonstrated their proficiency in reducing indoor radon levels. The program is managed by the EPA Office of Radiation Programs' Radon Division. Under this voluntary program, radon contractors demonstrate their proficiency by meeting specific Program requirements. Individual contractors who meet these requirements are then listed in the Report

National Radon Contractor Proficiency (RCP) Program. Proficiency report, January 1992

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1992-01-01

The primary objective of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) efforts to address the indoor radon problem is to reduce radon levels in buildings throughout the country. Achieving the objective requires a nationwide supply of capable radon mitigation contractors. In the Indoor Radon Abatement Act of 1988, Congress authorized EPA to establish a program to evaluate radon mitigation contractors and to provide the information to the public in cooperation with the States. The Radon Contractor Proficiency (RCP) Program was developed to assist States, EPA Regions, local government officials, and the public in selecting contractors who have demonstrated their proficiency in reducing indoor radon levels. The program is managed by the EPA Office of Radiation Programs' Radon Division. Under the voluntary program, radon contractors demonstrate their proficiency by meeting specific Program requirements. Individual contractors who meet these requirements are then listed in the Report

Cloning and Sequencing of Gene Encoding Outer Membrane Lipoprotein LipL41 of Leptospira Interrogans Serovar Grippotyphosa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M.S. Soltani

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Background: Leptospirosis is an infectious bacterial disease caused by pathogenic serovars of Leptospira. Development of reliable and applicable diagnostic test and also recombinant vaccine for this disease require specific antigens that are highly conserved among diverse pathogenic leptospiral serovars. Outer membrane proteins(OMPs of leptospira are effective antigens which can stimulate remarkable immune responses during infection, among them LipL41 is an immunogenic lipoprotein which is present only in pathogenic serovars so it could be regarded as a good candidate for vaccine development and diagnostic method. In order to identify genetic conservation of the lipL41 gene, we cloned and sequenced this gen from Leptospira interrogans serovar vaccinal and field of Grippotyphosa. Materials and Methods: Leptospira interrogans serovar vaccinal Grippotyphosa (RTCC2808 and serovar field Grippotyphosa (RTCC2825were used to inoculate into the selective culture medium(EMJH. The genomic DNA was extracted by standard phenol-chloroform method. The lipL41 gene were amplified by specific primers and cloned into pTZ57R/T vector and transformed into the competent E. coli (Top10 cells. the extracted recombinant plasmid were sequenced. And the related sequences were subjected to homology analysis by comparing them to sequences in the Genbank database. Results: PCR amplification of the lipL41 gene resulted in the 1065 bp PCR product. DNA sequence analysis revealed that lipL41 gene between serovar vaccinal Grippotyphosa (RTCC2808and serovar field Grippotyphosa (RTCC2825 in Iran was 100%. It was also showed that the lipL41 gene had high identity (96%-100% with other pathogenic serovars submitted in Genbank database. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the lipL41 gene was highly conserved among various pathogenic Leptospira serovars( >95.9 % identity. Hence the cloned gene could be further used for expression of recombinant protein for serodiagnosis

Analysis of regional natural flow for evaluation of flood risk according to RCP climate change scenarios

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, J. Y.; Chae, B. S.; Wi, S.; KIm, T. W.

2017-12-01

Various climate change scenarios expect the rainfall in South Korea to increase by 3-10% in the future. The future increased rainfall has significant effect on the frequency of flood in future as well. This study analyzed the probability of future flood to investigate the stability of existing and new installed hydraulic structures and the possibility of increasing flood damage in mid-sized watersheds in South Korea. To achieve this goal, we first clarified the relationship between flood quantiles acquired from the flood-frequency analysis (FFA) and design rainfall-runoff analysis (DRRA) in gauged watersheds. Then, after synthetically generating the regional natural flow data according to RCP climate change scenarios, we developed mathematical formulas to estimate future flood quantiles based on the regression between DRRA and FFA incorporated with regional natural flows in unguaged watersheds. Finally, we developed a flood risk map to investigate the change of flood risk in terms of the return period for the past, present, and future. The results identified that the future flood quantiles and risks would increase in accordance with the RCP climate change scenarios. Because the regional flood risk was identified to increase in future comparing with the present status, comprehensive flood control will be needed to cope with extreme floods in future.

The implications of carbon dioxide and methane exchange for the heavy mitigation RCP2.6 scenario under two metrics

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Huntingford, Chris; Lowe, Jason A.; Howarth, Nicholas; Bowerman, Niel H.A.; Gohar, Laila K.; Otto, Alexander; Lee, David S.; Smith, Stephen M.; den Elzen, Michel G.J.; van Vuuren, Detlef P.; Millar, Richard J.; Allen, Myles R.

2015-01-01

Greenhouse gas emissions associated with Representative Concentration Pathway RCP2.6 could limit global warming to around or below a 2°C increase since pre-industrial times. However this scenario implies very large and rapid reductions in both carbon dioxide (CO2) and non-CO2 emissions, and suggests

Development of the leptospirosis by experimental infection in hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus with Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola, strain LO4, by intact and scratched skin exposures

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carolina de Sousa Américo Batista

2010-10-01

Full Text Available The establishment and evolution of leptospirosis in hamster (Mesocricetus auratus by experimental infection with Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola, LO4 strain, by intact and scratched skin exposures, having as control the intraperitoneal route, were evaluated. Hundred-twenty female hamsters distributed in two groups according to inoculation route (intact and scratched skin were used. Infectious inoculum was constituted by a pure culture of L. interrogans serovar Canicola (strain LO4, isolated from liver from a slaughtered swine in Londrina, Paraná state and typified by agglutinins adsortion technique with monoclonal antibody kit at the Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The animals were observed twice a day during 21 days. Animals that died were necropsied and kidneys, liver, genital tract (uterus and ovaries and brain were aseptically collected. On the 21st post-inoculation day, surviving animals were euthanized. In these animals, serum samples were also collected by cardiac puncture to antileptospires agglutinins research using microscopic agglutination test (MAT. Fresh direct microscopy and microbiological culture were used for the detection of leptospires. Scratched skin route induced larger lethality when compared to intact skin route, with establishment and evolution of leptospirosis. On the other hand, intact skin route induced renal and/or genital carrier state more frequently. LO4 strain presented low immunogenic power, characterized by soroconversion at the MAT in only one inoculated animal.

Changes in seasonal and diurnal precipitation types during summer over South Korea in the late twenty-first century (2081-2100) projected by the RegCM4.0 based on four RCP scenarios

Science.gov (United States)

Oh, Seok-Geun; Suh, Myoung-Seok

2018-01-01

Changes in seasonal and diurnal precipitation types over South Korea during summer in the late twenty-first century (2081-2100) were projected under four RCP scenarios using the Regional Climate Model (RegCM4.0) with a horizontal resolution of 12.5 km. Two boundary conditions, ERA-Interim and HadGEM2-AO, were used to drive the RegCM4.0 (jointly named RG4_ERA and RG4_HG2, respectively). In general, the RegCM4.0 reproduces the spatial distribution of summer precipitation over Northeast Asia for the current climate (1989-2008) reasonably well. The RG4_HG2 shows larger dry biases over South Korea, when compared with observations, than does the RG4_ERA. These strong dry biases result from the underestimation of convective precipitation (CPR) and are particularly noticeable in late afternoons during July and August. It is related to the performance of HadGEM2-AO which simulated southwesterly winds weakly in that time. However, interestingly, the RG4_HG2 simulates similar increases in the contribution of CPR to total precipitation after mid-July, resulting in comparable performance in the reproduction of heavy precipitation. In the late twenty-first century, a significant increase (decrease) in CPR (NCPR) is generally projected over South Korea, and particularly under the RCP8.5. During June, the total precipitation is affected primarily by changes in NCPR under RCP2.6 and RCP6.0. After mid-July, increasing total precipitation is primarily caused by the distinct increases in CPR in the late afternoons; this pattern is particularly noticeable under RCP8.5, which is associated with more destabilized atmospheric conditions during July and August. Light and heavy precipitation are projected to decrease and increase, respectively, under RCP8.5.

A newly identified protein of Leptospira interrogans mediates binding to laminin.

Science.gov (United States)

Longhi, Mariana T; Oliveira, Tatiane R; Romero, Eliete C; Gonçales, Amane P; de Morais, Zenaide M; Vasconcellos, Silvio A; Nascimento, Ana L T O

2009-10-01

Pathogenic Leptospira is the aetiological agent of leptospirosis, a life-threatening disease that affects populations worldwide. The search for novel antigens that could be relevant in host-pathogen interactions is being pursued. These antigens have the potential to elicit several activities, including adhesion. This study focused on a hypothetical predicted lipoprotein of Leptospira, encoded by the gene LIC12895, thought to mediate attachment to extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 Star (DE3)pLys by using the expression vector pAE. The recombinant protein tagged with N-terminal hexahistidine was purified by metal-charged chromatography and characterized by circular dichroism spectroscopy. The capacity of the protein to mediate attachment to ECM components was evaluated by binding assays. The leptospiral protein encoded by LIC12895, named Lsa27 (leptospiral surface adhesin, 27 kDa), bound strongly to laminin in a dose-dependent and saturable fashion. Moreover, Lsa27 was recognized by antibodies from serum samples of confirmed leptospirosis specimens in both the initial and the convalescent phases of the disease. Lsa27 is most likely a surface protein of Leptospira as revealed in liquid-phase immunofluorescence assays with living organisms. Taken together, these data indicate that this newly identified membrane protein is expressed during natural infection and may play a role in mediating adhesion of L. interrogans to its host.

The implications of carbon dioxide and methane exchange for the heavy mitigation RCP2.6 scenario under two metrics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huntingford, Chris; Lowe, Jason A.; Howarth, Nicholas; Bowerman, Niel H.A.; Gohar, Laila K.; Otto, Alexander; Lee, David S.; Smith, Stephen M.; Elzen, Michel G.J. den; Vuuren, Detlef P. van; Millar, Richard J.; Allen, Myles R.

2015-01-01

Highlights: • Exchanging methane for carbon dioxide emissions affects peak global warming. • Economic constraints severely affects exchange possibilities. • Chosen metric determines if economic to eliminate all removable methane emissions. • If all methane emissions could be removed, this could aid meeting two-degrees warming target. - Abstract: Greenhouse gas emissions associated with Representative Concentration Pathway RCP2.6 could limit global warming to around or below a 2 °C increase since pre-industrial times. However this scenario implies very large and rapid reductions in both carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and non-CO 2 emissions, and suggests a need to understand available flexibility between how different greenhouse gases might be abated. There is a growing interest in developing a greater understanding of the particular role of shorter lived non-CO 2 gases as abatement options. We address this here through a sensitivity study of different methane (CH 4 ) emissions pathways to year 2100 and beyond, by including exchanges with CO 2 emissions, and with a focus on related climate and economic advantages and disadvantages. Metrics exist that characterise gas equivalence in terms of climate change effect per tonne emitted. We analyse the implications of CO 2 and CH 4 emission exchanges under two commonly considered metrics: the 100-yr Global Warming Potential (GWP-100) and Global Temperature Potential (GTP-100). This is whilst keeping CO 2 -equivalent emissions pathways fixed, based on the standard set of emissions usually associated with RCP2.6. An idealised situation of anthropogenic CH 4 emissions being reduced to zero across a period of two decades and with the implementation of such cuts starting almost immediately gives lower warming than for standard RCP2.6 emissions during the 21st and 22nd Century. This is despite exchanging for higher CO 2 emissions. Introducing Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC) curves provides an economic assessment of alternative gas

Leptospira interrogans causes quantitative and morphological disturbances in adherens junctions and other biological groups of proteins in human endothelial cells

Science.gov (United States)

Sato, Hiromi

2017-01-01

Pathogenic Leptospira transmits from animals to humans, causing the zoonotic life-threatening infection called leptospirosis. This infection is reported worldwide with higher risk in tropical regions. Symptoms of leptospirosis range from mild illness to severe illness such as liver damage, kidney failure, respiratory distress, meningitis, and fatal hemorrhagic disease. Invasive species of Leptospira rapidly disseminate to multiple tissues where this bacterium damages host endothelial cells, increasing vascular permeability. Despite the burden in humans and animals, the pathogenic mechanisms of Leptospira infection remain to be elucidated. The pathogenic leptospires adhere to endothelial cells and permeabilize endothelial barriers in vivo and in vitro. In this study, human endothelial cells were infected with the pathogenic L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni or the saprophyte L. biflexa serovar Patoc to investigate morphological changes and other distinctive phenotypes of host cell proteins by fluorescence microscopy. Among those analyzed, 17 proteins from five biological classes demonstrated distinctive phenotypes in morphology and/or signal intensity upon infection with Leptospira. The affected biological groups include: 1) extracellular matrix, 2) intercellular adhesion molecules and cell surface receptors, 3) intracellular proteins, 4) cell-cell junction proteins, and 5) a cytoskeletal protein. Infection with the pathogenic strain most profoundly disturbed the biological structures of adherens junctions (VE-cadherin and catenins) and actin filaments. Our data illuminate morphological disruptions and reduced signals of cell-cell junction proteins and filamentous actin in L. interrogans-infected endothelial cells. In addition, Leptospira infection, regardless of pathogenic status, influenced other host proteins belonging to multiple biological classes. Our data suggest that this zoonotic agent may damage endothelial cells via multiple cascades or pathways

Leptospira interrogans causes quantitative and morphological disturbances in adherens junctions and other biological groups of proteins in human endothelial cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Sato, Hiromi; Coburn, Jenifer

2017-07-01

Pathogenic Leptospira transmits from animals to humans, causing the zoonotic life-threatening infection called leptospirosis. This infection is reported worldwide with higher risk in tropical regions. Symptoms of leptospirosis range from mild illness to severe illness such as liver damage, kidney failure, respiratory distress, meningitis, and fatal hemorrhagic disease. Invasive species of Leptospira rapidly disseminate to multiple tissues where this bacterium damages host endothelial cells, increasing vascular permeability. Despite the burden in humans and animals, the pathogenic mechanisms of Leptospira infection remain to be elucidated. The pathogenic leptospires adhere to endothelial cells and permeabilize endothelial barriers in vivo and in vitro. In this study, human endothelial cells were infected with the pathogenic L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni or the saprophyte L. biflexa serovar Patoc to investigate morphological changes and other distinctive phenotypes of host cell proteins by fluorescence microscopy. Among those analyzed, 17 proteins from five biological classes demonstrated distinctive phenotypes in morphology and/or signal intensity upon infection with Leptospira. The affected biological groups include: 1) extracellular matrix, 2) intercellular adhesion molecules and cell surface receptors, 3) intracellular proteins, 4) cell-cell junction proteins, and 5) a cytoskeletal protein. Infection with the pathogenic strain most profoundly disturbed the biological structures of adherens junctions (VE-cadherin and catenins) and actin filaments. Our data illuminate morphological disruptions and reduced signals of cell-cell junction proteins and filamentous actin in L. interrogans-infected endothelial cells. In addition, Leptospira infection, regardless of pathogenic status, influenced other host proteins belonging to multiple biological classes. Our data suggest that this zoonotic agent may damage endothelial cells via multiple cascades or pathways

A model system for studying the transcriptomic and physiological changes associated with mammalian host-adaptation by Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Melissa J Caimano

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Leptospirosis, an emerging zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution, is caused by spirochetes belonging to the genus Leptospira. More than 500,000 cases of severe leptospirosis are reported annually, with >10% of these being fatal. Leptospires can survive for weeks in suitably moist conditions before encountering a new host. Reservoir hosts, typically rodents, exhibit little to no signs of disease but shed large numbers of organisms in their urine. Transmission occurs when mucosal surfaces or abraded skin come into contact with infected urine or urine-contaminated water or soil. In humans, leptospires can cause a variety of clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic or mild fever to severe icteric (Weil's disease and pulmonary haemorrhage. Currently, little is known about how Leptospira persist within a reservoir host. Prior in vitro studies have suggested that leptospires alter their transcriptomic and proteomic profiles in response to environmental signals encountered during mammalian infection. However, no study has examined gene expression by leptospires within a mammalian host-adapted state. To obtain a more faithful representation of how leptospires respond to host-derived signals, we used RNA-Seq to compare the transcriptome of L. interrogans cultivated within dialysis membrane chambers (DMCs implanted into the peritoneal cavities of rats with that of organisms grown in vitro. In addition to determining the relative expression levels of "core" housekeeping genes under both growth conditions, we identified 166 genes that are differentially-expressed by L. interrogans in vivo. Our analyses highlight physiological aspects of host adaptation by leptospires relating to heme uptake and utilization. We also identified 11 novel non-coding transcripts that are candidate small regulatory RNAs. The DMC model provides a facile system for studying the transcriptional and antigenic changes associated with mammalian host

ChpK and MazF of the toxin-antitoxin modules are involved in the virulence of Leptospira interrogans during infection.

Science.gov (United States)

Komi, Komi Koukoura; Ge, Yu-Mei; Xin, Xiao-Yang; Ojcius, David M; Sun, Dexter; Hu, Wei-Lin; Zhao, Xin; Lin, Xu'ai; Yan, Jie

2015-01-01

Pathogenic Leptospira species are the causative agents of leptospirosis, a global zoonotic infectious disease. Toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules have been confirmed as stress-response elements that induce prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell-growth arrest or death, but their role in the virulence of Leptospira has not been reported. Here, we confirmed that all the tested leptospiral strains had the chpIK and mazEF TA modules with highly-conserved sequences. The transcription and expression of the chpI, chpK, mazE, and mazF genes of Leptospira interrogans strain Lai were significantly increased during infection of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced human THP-1 macrophages. The toxic ChpK and MazF but not the antitoxic ChpI and MazE proteins were detectable in the cytoplasmic fraction of leptospire-infected THP-1 cells, indicating the external secretion of ChpK and MazF during infection. Transfection of the chpK or mazF gene caused decreased viability and necrosis in THP-1 cells, whereas the chpI or mazE gene transfection did not affect the viability of THP-1 cells but blocked the ChpK or MazF-induced toxicity. Deletion of the chpK or mazF gene also decreased the late-apoptotic and/or necrotic ratios of THP-1 cells at the late stages of infection. The recombinant protein MazF (rMazF) cleaved the RNAs but not the DNAs from Leptospira and THP-1 cells, and this RNA cleavage was blocked by rMazE. However, the rChpK had no RNA or DNA-degrading activity. All these findings indicate that the ChpK and MazF proteins in TA modules are involved in the virulence of L. interrogans during infection. Copyright © 2014 Institut Pasteur. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Leptospira interrogans causes quantitative and morphological disturbances in adherens junctions and other biological groups of proteins in human endothelial cells.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hiromi Sato

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Pathogenic Leptospira transmits from animals to humans, causing the zoonotic life-threatening infection called leptospirosis. This infection is reported worldwide with higher risk in tropical regions. Symptoms of leptospirosis range from mild illness to severe illness such as liver damage, kidney failure, respiratory distress, meningitis, and fatal hemorrhagic disease. Invasive species of Leptospira rapidly disseminate to multiple tissues where this bacterium damages host endothelial cells, increasing vascular permeability. Despite the burden in humans and animals, the pathogenic mechanisms of Leptospira infection remain to be elucidated. The pathogenic leptospires adhere to endothelial cells and permeabilize endothelial barriers in vivo and in vitro. In this study, human endothelial cells were infected with the pathogenic L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni or the saprophyte L. biflexa serovar Patoc to investigate morphological changes and other distinctive phenotypes of host cell proteins by fluorescence microscopy. Among those analyzed, 17 proteins from five biological classes demonstrated distinctive phenotypes in morphology and/or signal intensity upon infection with Leptospira. The affected biological groups include: 1 extracellular matrix, 2 intercellular adhesion molecules and cell surface receptors, 3 intracellular proteins, 4 cell-cell junction proteins, and 5 a cytoskeletal protein. Infection with the pathogenic strain most profoundly disturbed the biological structures of adherens junctions (VE-cadherin and catenins and actin filaments. Our data illuminate morphological disruptions and reduced signals of cell-cell junction proteins and filamentous actin in L. interrogans-infected endothelial cells. In addition, Leptospira infection, regardless of pathogenic status, influenced other host proteins belonging to multiple biological classes. Our data suggest that this zoonotic agent may damage endothelial cells via multiple cascades or

Effect of Leptospira interrogans outer membrane proteins LipL32 on HUVEC.

Science.gov (United States)

Sun, Zhan; Bao, Lang; Li, DaoKun; Huang, Bi; Wu, Bingting

2010-09-01

Leptospira cause disease through a toxin-mediated process by inducing vascular injury, particularly a small-vessel vasculitis. Breakdown of vessel endothelial cell integrity may increase vessel permeability which is correlated with the changes of tight junction and/or apoptosis in vessel endothelial cells. The specific toxin responsible remains unidentified. In this study, we amplified outer membrane protein LipL32 from the genome of Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai, and it was subcloned in pET32a(+) vector to express thioredoxin(Trx)-LipL32 fusion protein in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The protein was expressed and purified, and Trx-LipL32 was administered to culture with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) to elucidate the role of leptospiral outer membrane proteins in vessel endothelial cell. The purified recombinant protein was capable to increase the permeability of HUVECs. And the protein was able to decrease the expression of ZO-1 and induce F-actin in HUVECs display thickening and clustering. Moreover, apoptosis of HUVEC was significantly accelerated. But the fusion partner had no effect in these regards. It is possible that LipL32 is involved in the vessel lesions. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Profiling of Leptospira interrogans, L. santarosai, L. meyeri and L. borgpetersenii by SE-AFLP, PFGE and susceptibility testing--a continuous attempt at species and serovar differentiation.

Science.gov (United States)

Moreno, Luisa Z; Miraglia, Fabiana; Lilenbaum, Walter; Neto, José S F; Freitas, Julio C; Morais, Zenaide M; Hartskeerl, Rudy A; da Costa, Barbara L P; Vasconcellos, Silvio A; Moreno, Andrea M

2016-03-09

Leptospirosis is a widespread systemic zoonosis, considered as reemerging in certain developing countries. Although the cross agglutinin absorption test is still considered the standard method for Leptospira identification, it presents several disadvantages. The aim of this study was to characterize Leptospira spp. isolated from various hosts by genotyping and broth microdilution susceptibility testing in an attempt to differentiate Leptospira species, serogroups and serovars. Forty-seven isolates were studied. They were previously serotyped, and species confirmation was performed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Single-enzyme amplified fragment length polymorphism (SE-AFLP) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis enabled the distinction of L. interrogans from L. santarosai, L. meyeri and L. borgpetersenii in two main clusters. Among L. interrogans, it was possible to differentiate into two new clusters the serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae from the serogroups Canicola and Pomona. L. santarosai isolates presented higher genetic variation than the other species in both techniques. Interestingly, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) cluster analysis also provided Leptospira serogroup differentiation. Further studies are necessary regarding serovar Bananal isolates, as they presented the highest MIC values for most of the antimicrobials tested. All studied techniques successfully distinguished Leptospira species and serogroups. Despite being library-dependent methods, these approaches are less labor intensive and more economically viable, particularly SE-AFLP, and can be implemented in most reference laboratories worldwide to enable faster Leptospira typing.

Monte Carlo next-event point flux estimation for RCP01

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martz, R.L.; Gast, R.C.; Tyburski, L.J.

1991-01-01

Two next event point estimators have been developed and programmed into the RCP01 Monte Carlo program for solving neutron transport problems in three-dimensional geometry with detailed energy description. These estimators use a simplified but accurate flux-at-a-point tallying technique. Anisotropic scattering in the lab system at the collision site is accounted for by determining the exit energy that corresponds to the angle between the location of the collision and the point detector. Elastic, inelastic, and thermal kernel scattering events are included in this formulation. An averaging technique is used in both estimators to eliminate the well-known problem of infinite variance due to collisions close to the point detector. In a novel approach to improve the estimator's efficiency, a Russian roulette scheme based on anticipated flux fall off is employed where averaging is not appropriate. A second estimator successfully uses a simple rejection technique in conjunction with detailed tracking where averaging isn't needed. Test results show good agreement with known numeric solutions. Efficiencies are examined as a function of input parameter selection and problem difficulty

[Construction and expression of recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG with the ompA-like membrane protein gene Loa22 of Leptospira interrogans serovar].

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Dao-kun; Bao, Lang; Zhang, Ying; Sun, Zhan

2010-03-01

To study the immunity of Loa22 from Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai strain 56601 by expressing its protein in BCG. Amplified the mature peptide of Loa22 gene from the genome of of Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai strain 56601 and constructed recombinant plasmid rpMV36l-1oa22 with the E. coli-BCG integrating shuttle plasmid pMV361 and the Loa22 mature peptide gene. The rpMV36l-1oa22 plasmid was transformed into BCG by electroporation. The rBCG bearing rpMV36l-1oa22 was induced by high temperature of 45 degrees C and expressed protein was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western Blotting. Fifth 6-week-old BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups, which were inoculated intraperitoneally two times at 0-day and 21-day with BCG, rBCG-pMV361, rI3CG-1oa22, Loa22 and killed whole-leptospires respectively. All animals were dislocated from cervical vertebra on the 14Ih day after the last immunization. The proliferative reaction of splenic lymphocyte in tuitro were tested by XTT. The rpMV36l-1oa22 plasmid was constructed successfully and transformed into BCG. The rBCG expressed a 19 X io specifical protein identified by SDS-PAGE and Western Blotting. The splenic lymphocyte proliferate activity (SI) in rBCG-ioa22 group in intro was significantly higher than those in BCG group and rBCG-pMV361 group. We explored the expressing feasibility of Loa22 in Mycobacterium bovis BCG. may therefore make further researches on the induction of protective immunity against human and animal leptospirosis.

Methylation and in vivo expression of the surface-exposed Leptospira interrogans outer-membrane protein OmpL32.

Science.gov (United States)

Eshghi, Azad; Pinne, Marija; Haake, David A; Zuerner, Richard L; Frank, Ami; Cameron, Caroline E

2012-03-01

Recent studies have revealed that bacterial protein methylation is a widespread post-translational modification that is required for virulence in selected pathogenic bacteria. In particular, altered methylation of outer-membrane proteins has been shown to modulate the effectiveness of the host immune response. In this study, 2D gel electrophoresis combined with MALDI-TOF MS identified a Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni strain Fiocruz L1-130 protein, corresponding to ORF LIC11848, which undergoes extensive and differential methylation of glutamic acid residues. Immunofluorescence microscopy implicated LIC11848 as a surface-exposed outer-membrane protein, prompting the designation OmpL32. Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy of golden Syrian hamster liver and kidney sections revealed expression of OmpL32 during colonization of these organs. Identification of methylated surface-exposed outer-membrane proteins, such as OmpL32, provides a foundation for delineating the role of this post-translational modification in leptospiral virulence.

Role for cis-acting RNA sequences in the temperature-dependent expression of the multiadhesive lig proteins in Leptospira interrogans.

Science.gov (United States)

Matsunaga, James; Schlax, Paula J; Haake, David A

2013-11-01

The spirochete Leptospira interrogans causes a systemic infection that provokes a febrile illness. The putative lipoproteins LigA and LigB promote adhesion of Leptospira to host proteins, interfere with coagulation, and capture complement regulators. In this study, we demonstrate that the expression level of the LigA and LigB proteins was substantially higher when L. interrogans proliferated at 37°C instead of the standard culture temperature of 30°C. The RNA comprising the 175-nucleotide 5' untranslated region (UTR) and first six lig codons, whose sequence is identical in ligA and ligB, is predicted to fold into two distinct stem-loop structures separated by a single-stranded region. The ribosome-binding site is partially sequestered in double-stranded RNA within the second structure. Toeprint analysis revealed that in vitro formation of a 30S-tRNA(fMet)-mRNA ternary complex was inhibited unless a 5' deletion mutation disrupted the second stem-loop structure. To determine whether the lig sequence could mediate temperature-regulated gene expression in vivo, the 5' UTR and the first six codons were inserted between the Escherichia coli l-arabinose promoter and bgaB (β-galactosidase from Bacillus stearothermophilus) to create a translational fusion. The lig fragment successfully conferred thermoregulation upon the β-galactosidase reporter in E. coli. The second stem-loop structure was sufficient to confer thermoregulation on the reporter, while sequences further upstream in the 5' UTR slightly diminished expression at each temperature tested. Finally, the expression level of β-galactosidase was significantly higher when point mutations predicted to disrupt base pairs in the second structure were introduced into the stem. Compensatory mutations that maintained base pairing of the stem without restoring the wild-type sequence reinstated the inhibitory effect of the 5' UTR on expression. These results indicate that ligA and ligB expression is limited by double

Study on the VFD (Variable Frequency Drive) for RCP (Reactor Coolant Pump) Motors of APR1400

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Park, Jung Ha; Robert, M. Field; Kim, Tae Ryong [Department of NPP Engineering, KEPCO International Nuclear Graduate School, Ulsan (Korea, Republic of)

2014-10-15

Most industrial facilities are continually searching for ways to reduce energy costs while increasing or maintaining current production. In terms of electric motors, Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) units represent a critical opportunity for energy savings. Currently, VFDs are used on about ten (10) percent of industrial process motors, and this percentage is increasing every year. Properly applied VFDs have been documented to save as much as fifty percent of the energy consumed by certain industrial processes. Nuclear Power - Power plants in general and Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) in particular are slow to adopt new technology. The nuclear power industry requires a nearly absolute demonstration through operating experience in other industries in which the new approach will result in a net improvement in plant reliability without any surprises. Only recently has the nuclear industry begun to adapt VFD units for large motors. Specifically, there are several examples in the Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) fleet of replacing Motor-Generator (M-G) sets with VFD units for Reactor Recirculation (RR) pump motor service. At one station, VFD units were introduced upstream of the Circulating Water (CWP) pump motors to address environmental issues. They units are taking advantage of VFD technology whose benefits include increased reliability, reduction in electrical house load, improved flow control, and reduced maintenance. RCP Application - In the case of new generation, it has been reported that the Westinghouse AP1000 will make use of VFD units for the Reactor Coolant Pump (RCP) motors.

RCP8.5-Based Future Flood Hazard Analysis for the Lower Mekong River Basin

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Edangodage Duminda Pradeep Perera

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Climatic variations caused by the excessive emission of greenhouse gases are likely to change the patterns of precipitation, runoff processes, and water storage of river basins. Various studies have been conducted based on precipitation outputs of the global scale climatic models under different emission scenarios. However, there is a limitation in regional- and local-scale hydrological analysis on extreme floods with the combined application of high-resolution atmospheric general circulation models’ (AGCM outputs and physically-based hydrological models (PBHM. This study has taken an effort to overcome that limitation in hydrological analysis. The present and future precipitation, river runoff, and inundation distributions for the Lower Mekong Basin (LMB were analyzed to understand hydrological changes in the LMB under the RCP8.5 scenario. The downstream area beyond the Kratie gauging station, located in the Cambodia and Vietnam flood plains was considered as the LMB in this study. The bias-corrected precipitation outputs of the Japan Meteorological Research Institute atmospheric general circulation model (MRI-AGCM3.2S with 20 km horizontal resolution were utilized as the precipitation inputs for basin-scale hydrological simulations. The present climate (1979–2003 was represented by the AMIP-type simulations while the future (2075–2099 climatic conditions were obtained based on the RCP8.5 greenhouse gas scenario. The entire hydrological system of the Mekong basin was modelled by the block-wise TOPMODEL (BTOP hydrological model with 20 km resolution, while the LMB area was modelled by the rainfall-runoff-inundation (RRI model with 2 km resolution, specifically to analyze floods under the aforementioned climatic conditions. The comparison of present and future river runoffs, inundation distributions and inundation volume changes were the outcomes of the study, which can be supportive information for the LMB flood management, water policy

Immunological and molecular characterization of Leptospira interrogans isolated from a bovine foetus.

Science.gov (United States)

Monte, Leonardo Garcia; Ridieri, Karine Forster; Jorge, Sérgio; Oliveira, Natasha Rodrigues; Hartwig, Daiane Drawanz; Amaral, Marta Gonçalves; Hartleben, Cláudia Pinho; Dellagostin, Odir Antonio

2015-06-01

Cattle are commonly infected with pathogenic leptospires, and similarly to rodents, they excrete the bacteria in their urine and can transmit the pathogen from animal to animal or animal to human. Thus, surveillance and monitoring systems for detection of new Leptospira serovars are important for the control of leptospirosis. Here, we report the isolation of a spirochete from a stillborn bovine foetus and its characterization by immunological and molecular techniques. A variable number tandem repeat profile using seven discriminatory primers identified the spirochete as belonging to species Leptospira interrogans serogroup Australis serovar Muenchen. A phenotypic analysis using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against leptospiral membrane-associated proteins confirmed the expression of important virulence and pathogenicity factors (LipL32 and LigBrep). Out of 120 reference sera tested, 22 positive (36.66%) and 9 negative (15%) also reacted with the new isolate. Furthermore, the serovar Muenchen isolate was virulent in hamster model. The animal inoculated developed acute lethal infection characterized by hepatic, pulmonary and renal lesions. Local isolates exhibited unique characteristics that differed from those of reference strains; therefore, isolation of leptospires is useful in the surveillance of local pathogenic serovars. In conclusion, the data obtained from this study can contribute to the epidemiological understanding and control of leptospirosis in southern Brazil. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Leptospira interrogans stably infects zebrafish embryos, altering phagocyte behavior and homing to specific tissues.

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J Muse Davis

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Leptospirosis is an extremely widespread zoonotic infection with outcomes ranging from subclinical infection to fatal Weil's syndrome. Despite the global impact of the disease, key aspects of its pathogenesis remain unclear. To examine in detail the earliest steps in the host response to leptospires, we used fluorescently labelled Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni to infect 30 hour post fertilization zebrafish embryos by either the caudal vein or hindbrain ventricle. These embryos have functional innate immunity but have not yet developed an adaptive immune system. Furthermore, they are optically transparent, allowing direct visualization of host-pathogen interactions from the moment of infection. We observed rapid uptake of leptospires by phagocytes, followed by persistent, intracellular infection over the first 48 hours. Phagocytosis of leptospires occasionally resulted in formation of large cellular vesicles consistent with apoptotic bodies. By 24 hours, clusters of infected phagocytes were accumulating lateral to the dorsal artery, presumably in early hematopoietic tissue. Our observations suggest that phagocytosis may be a key defense mechanism in the early stages of leptospirosis, and that phagocytic cells play roles in immunopathogenesis and likely in the dissemination of leptospires to specific target tissues.

Applying the global RCP-SSP-SPA scenario framework at sub-national scale: A multi-scale and participatory scenario approach.

Science.gov (United States)

Kebede, Abiy S; Nicholls, Robert J; Allan, Andrew; Arto, Iñaki; Cazcarro, Ignacio; Fernandes, Jose A; Hill, Chris T; Hutton, Craig W; Kay, Susan; Lázár, Attila N; Macadam, Ian; Palmer, Matthew; Suckall, Natalie; Tompkins, Emma L; Vincent, Katharine; Whitehead, Paul W

2018-09-01

To better anticipate potential impacts of climate change, diverse information about the future is required, including climate, society and economy, and adaptation and mitigation. To address this need, a global RCP (Representative Concentration Pathways), SSP (Shared Socio-economic Pathways), and SPA (Shared climate Policy Assumptions) (RCP-SSP-SPA) scenario framework has been developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC-AR5). Application of this full global framework at sub-national scales introduces two key challenges: added complexity in capturing the multiple dimensions of change, and issues of scale. Perhaps for this reason, there are few such applications of this new framework. Here, we present an integrated multi-scale hybrid scenario approach that combines both expert-based and participatory methods. The framework has been developed and applied within the DECCMA 1 project with the purpose of exploring migration and adaptation in three deltas across West Africa and South Asia: (i) the Volta delta (Ghana), (ii) the Mahanadi delta (India), and (iii) the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) delta (Bangladesh/India). Using a climate scenario that encompasses a wide range of impacts (RCP8.5) combined with three SSP-based socio-economic scenarios (SSP2, SSP3, SSP5), we generate highly divergent and challenging scenario contexts across multiple scales against which robustness of the human and natural systems within the deltas are tested. In addition, we consider four distinct adaptation policy trajectories: Minimum intervention, Economic capacity expansion, System efficiency enhancement, and System restructuring, which describe alternative future bundles of adaptation actions/measures under different socio-economic trajectories. The paper highlights the importance of multi-scale (combined top-down and bottom-up) and participatory (joint expert-stakeholder) scenario methods for addressing uncertainty in adaptation decision

A comparative study of large-scale atmospheric circulation in the context of a future scenario (RCP4.5 and past warmth (mid-Pliocene

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Y. Sun

2013-07-01

Full Text Available The mid-Pliocene warm period (~ 3.3–3.0 Ma is often considered as the last sustained warm period with close enough geographic configurations compared to the present one associated with atmospheric CO2 concentration (405 ± 50 ppm higher than the modern level. For this reason, this period is often considered as a potential analogue for the future climate warming, with the important advantage that for mid-Pliocene many marine and continental data are available. To investigate this issue, we selected the RCP4.5 scenario, one of the current available future projections, to compare the pattern of tropical atmospheric response with the past warm mid-Pliocene climate. We use three Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model (AOGCM simulations (RCP4.5 scenario, mid-Pliocene and present-day simulation carried out with the IPSL-CM5A model and investigate atmospheric tropical dynamics through Hadley and Walker cell responses to warmer conditions, considering that the analysis can provide some assessment of how these circulations will change in the future. Our results show that there is a damping of the Hadley cell intensity in the northern tropics and an increase in both subtropics. Moreover, northern and southern Hadley cells expand poleward. The response of the Hadley cells is stronger for the RCP4.5 scenario than for the mid-Pliocene, but in very good agreement with the fact that the atmospheric CO2 concentration is higher in the future scenario than in the mid-Pliocene (543 versus 405 ppm. Concerning the response of the Walker cell, we show that despite very large similarities, there are also some differences. Common features to both scenarios are: weakening of the ascending branch, leading to a suppression of the precipitation over the western tropical Pacific. The response of the Walker cell is stronger in the RCP4.5 scenario than in the mid-Pliocene but also depicts some major differences, as an eastward shift of its rising branch in the future

The Performance Test for Reactor Coolant Pump (RCP) adopting Variable Restriction Orifice Type Control Valve

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, S.; Bae, B. U.; Cho, Y. J. and others

2014-05-15

The design values of the RCPTF are 17.2 MPa, 343 .deg. C, 11.7 m{sup 3}/s, and 13 MW in the maximum pressure, temperature, flow rate, and electrical power, respectively. In the RCPTF, various types of tests can be performed including a hydraulic performance test to acquire a H-Q curve as well seal transient tests, thrust bearing transient test, cost down test, NPSHR verification test, and so on. After a commissioning startup test was successfully perfomed, mechanical structures are improved including a flow stabilizer and variable restriction orifice. Two- branch pipe (Y-branch) was installed to regulate the flow rate in the range of performance tests. In the main pipe, a flow restrictor (RO: Restriction Orifice) for limiting the maximum flow rate was installed. In the branch pipe line, a globe valve and a butterfly valves for regulating the flow rate was located on the each branch line. When the pressure loss of the valve side is smaller than that of the RO side, the flow rate of valve side was increasing and the flow disturbance was occurred in the lower pipe line. Due to flow disturbnace, it is to cause an error when measuring RCP head and flow measurement of the venturi flow meter installed in the lower main pipe line, and thus leading to a decrease in measurement accuracy as a result. To increase the efficiency of the flow control availability of the test facility, the variable restriction orifice (VRO) type flow control valve was designed and manufactured. In the RCPTF in KAERI, the performance tests and various kinds of transient tests of the RCP were successfully performed. In this study, H-Q curve of the pump using the VRO revealed a similar trend to the result from two ROs. The VRO was confirmed to effectively cover the full test range of the flow rate.

Three case studies involving Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona infection in mixed farming units : case report

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B. Gummow

1999-07-01

Full Text Available Three case studies involving Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona outbreaks within mixed farming systems in South Africa are described. On 2 farms, pigs constituted the main enterprise with cattle and sheep of secondary importance. On each of these 2 farms, abortion due to L. pomona in sows was confirmed by culture, and antibody titres to pomona were detected in cattle, sheep, horses and dogs. On the 3rd farm, a piggery was ofsecondary importance to cattle farming. Abortion and death in cows occurred on this farmand serology showed titres to various serovars, including pomona. L. pomona was also isolated from bovine urine, an aborted bovine foetus and kidneys from slaughtered pigs. This particular case study was regarded as clinically atypical in that adult Jersey cattle died of acute leptospirosis in a semiarid region of South Africa. In all 3 case studies, the poor management of pig effluent and of the drinking water and its sources played a pivotal role in the transmission of the disease. Inadequate vaccination of animals against Leptospira and poor record-keeping within the secondary farming enterprises were also contributing factors to the spread of leptospirosis.

Caracterización a impacto de caucho reciclado mediante elementos finitos

OpenAIRE

Escribano Castro, Ane

2015-01-01

Análisis de caucho reciclado de manera hiperelástica mediante métodos de ajuste de Mínimos Cuadrados con programa MATLAB y Curve fitting mediante ANSYS. Para la parte viscoelástica se usa Algoritmo de Optimicación con MATLAB. Comprobación de resultados y fiabilidad.

Three dimensional calculations of the primary coolant flow in a 900 MW PWR vessel. Numerical simulation of the accurate RCP start-up flow rate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Martin, A.; Alvarez, D.; Cases, F.; Stelletta, S.

1997-06-01

This report explains the last results about the mixing in the 900 MW PWR vessels. The accurate fluid flow transient, induced by the RCP starting-up, is represented. In a first time, we present the Thermalhydraulic Finite Element Code N3S used for the 3D numerical computations. After that, results obtained for one reactor operation case are given. This case is dealing with the transient mixing of a clear plug in the vessel when one primary pump starts-up. A comparison made between two injection modes; a steady state fluid flow conditions or the accurate RCP transient fluid flow conditions. The results giving the local minimum of concentration and the time response of the mean concentration at the core inlet are compared. The results show the real importance of the unsteadiness characteristics of the fluid flow transport of the clear water plug. (author)

[Eukaryotic expression of Leptospira interrogans lipL32/1-ompL1/1 fusion gene encoding genus-specific protein antigens and the immunoreactivity of expression products].

Science.gov (United States)

Yan, Jie; Zhao, Shou-feng; Mao, Ya-fei; Ruan, Ping; Luo, Yi-hui; Li, Shu-ping; Li, Li-wei

2005-01-01

To construct the eukaryotic expression system of L.interrogans lipL32/1-ompL1/1 fusion gene and to identify the immunoreactivity of expression products. PCR with linking primer was used to construct the fusion gene lipL32/1-ompL1/1. The P.pastoris eukaryotic expression system of the fusion gene, pPIC9K-lipL32/1-ompL1/1-P. pastorisGS115, was constructed after the fusion gene was cloned and sequenced. Colony with phenotype His(+)Mut(+) was isolated by using MD and MM plates and His(+) Mut(+) transformant with high resistance to G418 was screened out by using YPD plate. Using lysate of His(+) Mut(+) colony with high copies of the target gene digested with yeast lyase as the template and 5'AOX1 and 3'AOX1 as the primers, the target fusion gene in chromosome DNA of the constructed P. pastoris engineering strain was detected by PCR. Methanol in BMMY medium was used to induce the target recombinant protein rLipL32/1-rOmpL1/1 expression. rLipL32/1-rOmpL1/1 in the medium supernatant was extracted by using ammonium sulfate precipitation and Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Output and immunoreactivity of rLipL32/1-rOmpL1/1 were measured by SDS-PAGE and Western blot methods, respectively. Amplification fragments of the obtained fusion gene lipL32/1-ompL1/1 was 1794 bp in size. The homogeneity of nucleotide and putative amino acid sequences of the fusion gene were as high as 99.94 % and 100 %, respectively, compared with the sequences of original lipL32/1 and ompL1/1 genotypes. The constructed eukaryotic expression system was able to secrete rLipL32/1-rOmpL1/1 with an output of 10 % of the total proteins in the supernatant, which located the expected position after SDS-PAGE. The rabbit anti-rLipL32/1 and anti-rOmpL1/1 sera could combine the expressed rLipL32/1-rOmpL1/1. An eukaryotic expression system with high efficiency in P.pastoris of L.interrogans lipL32/1-ompL1/1 fusion gene was successfully constructed in this study. The expressed fusion protein shows specific

Hydrological response to climate change: The Pearl River, China under different RCP scenarios

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Dan Yan

2015-09-01

New hydrological insights for the region: Previous studies focussed on annual discharge and extreme flood events in the basin. However it is also important to assess variations in low flow across the basin, because it is suffering from water shortage and salt water intrusion in the dry season. Results indicate a reduction in average low flow under the five climate models. The reduction varies across the basin and is between 6 and 48% for RCP4.5. River discharge in the dry season is projected to decrease throughout the basin. In the wet season, river discharge tends to increase in the middle and lower reaches and decrease in the upper reach of the Pearl River basin. The variation of river discharge is likely to aggravate water stress. Especially the reduction of low flow is problematic as already now the basin experiences temporary water shortages in the delta.

The RCP Information Laboratory (iLab): breaking the cycle of poor data quality.

Science.gov (United States)

Croft, Giles P; Williams, John G

2005-01-01

A review of data quality in the NHS by the Audit Commission cited a lack of clinician involvement in the validation and use of centrally held activity data as one of the key issues to resolve. The perception that hospital episode statistics cannot support the needs of the individual clinician results in mistrust and disinterest. This in turn leads to under-development of such data from a clinical perspective, and the cycle continues. The RCP Information Laboratory (iLab) aims to address this problem by accessing, analysing and presenting information from these central repositories concerning the activity of visiting individual consultant physicians. With support from iLab staff--an information analyst and a clinician--local data quality issues are highlighted and local solutions sought. The information obtained can be used as an objective measure of activity to support the processes of appraisal and revalidation.

Alterações espermáticas e dos níveis plasmáticos de testosterona em cães experimentalmente infectados por Leptospira interrogans sorovar Canicola

OpenAIRE

Santana, Lucas Alves de Souza [UNESP

2008-01-01

Conhecendo-se a predileção das leptospiras pelo aparelho urogenital, e a crescente utilização de técnicas de reprodução assistida na espécie canina, o presente trabalho objetivou pesquisar a presença e a ação da Leptospira no sêmen e testículo de cães. Foram utilizados 32 animais, dos quais 20 foram inoculados com uma cepa patogênica de Leptospira interrogans sorovar Canicola e 12 não receberam inóculo algum, sendo considerados animais-controle. Assim, os 32 animais experimentais foram reunid...

Future Climate Data from RCP 4.5 and Occurrence of Malaria in Korea

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Jaewon Kwak

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Since its reappearance at the Military Demarcation Line in 1993, malaria has been occurring annually in Korea. Malaria is regarded as a third grade nationally notifiable disease susceptible to climate change. The objective of this study is to quantify the effect of climatic factors on the occurrence of malaria in Korea and construct a malaria occurrence model for predicting the future trend of malaria under the influence of climate change. Using data from 2001–2011, the effect of time lag between malaria occurrence and mean temperature, relative humidity and total precipitation was investigated using spectral analysis. Also, a principal component regression model was constructed, considering multicollinearity. Future climate data, generated from RCP 4.5 climate change scenario and CNCM3 climate model, was applied to the constructed regression model to simulate future malaria occurrence and analyze the trend of occurrence. Results show an increase in the occurrence of malaria and the shortening of annual time of occurrence in the future.

Future climate data from RCP 4.5 and occurrence of malaria in Korea.

Science.gov (United States)

Kwak, Jaewon; Noh, Huiseong; Kim, Soojun; Singh, Vijay P; Hong, Seung Jin; Kim, Duckgil; Lee, Keonhaeng; Kang, Narae; Kim, Hung Soo

2014-10-15

Since its reappearance at the Military Demarcation Line in 1993, malaria has been occurring annually in Korea. Malaria is regarded as a third grade nationally notifiable disease susceptible to climate change. The objective of this study is to quantify the effect of climatic factors on the occurrence of malaria in Korea and construct a malaria occurrence model for predicting the future trend of malaria under the influence of climate change. Using data from 2001-2011, the effect of time lag between malaria occurrence and mean temperature, relative humidity and total precipitation was investigated using spectral analysis. Also, a principal component regression model was constructed, considering multicollinearity. Future climate data, generated from RCP 4.5 climate change scenario and CNCM3 climate model, was applied to the constructed regression model to simulate future malaria occurrence and analyze the trend of occurrence. Results show an increase in the occurrence of malaria and the shortening of annual time of occurrence in the future.

Ausencia de circulación de poliovirus en departamentos colombianos con coberturas vacunales inferiores a 80%

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María Mercedes González

2012-08-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio se propuso explorar la posible circulación silente de poliovirus salvajes y derivados de la vacuna (VDPV, por sus siglas en inglés, en departamentos de Colombia con cobertura de vacunación para polio (OPV, por sus siglas en inglés menor de 80%. Se colectaron 52 muestras de aguas residuales que se concentraron mediante precipitación con polietilenglicol y cloruro de sodio. La detección viral se realizó mediante aislamiento y la identificación por neutralización del efecto citopático, así como mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa convencional y en tiempo real, posterior a la transcripción reversa (TR-RCP y rTR-RCP. Los poliovirus aislados se caracterizaron por secuenciación del gen VP1. En dos de las 52 muestras hubo presencia de poliovirus Sabin 2 con más de 99% de similitud de secuencia con la cepa OPV Sabin 2. Se detectó circulación de enterovirus no polio en 17,3% de las muestras. Los serotipos identificados correspondieron a coxsackievirus B1, echovirus 30 y echovirus 11. No se detectaron evidencias de circulación de VDPV ni poliovirus salvaje en los departamentos de Colombia con coberturas de OPV inferiores a 80%.

Na,K-ATPase: a molecular target for Leptospira interrogans endotoxin

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Younes-Ibrahim M.

1997-01-01

Full Text Available On the basis of our report that a glycolipoprotein fraction (GLP extracted from Leptospira interrogans contains a potent inhibitor of renal Na,K-ATPase, we proposed that GLP-induced inhibition of Na,K-ATPase might be the primary cellular defect in the physiopathology of leptospirosis. The present study was designed to test this hypothesis by determining whether or not 1 GLP inhibits all the isoforms of Na,K-ATPase which are expressed in the tissues affected by leptospirosis, 2 Na,K-ATPase from leptospirosis-resistant species, such as the rat, is sensitive to GLP, 3 GLP inhibits Na,K-ATPase from intact cells, and 4 GLP inhibits ouabain-sensitive H,K-ATPase. The results indicate that in the rabbit, a leptospirosis-sensitive species, GLP inhibits with similar efficiency (apparent IC50: 120-220 µg protein GLP/ml all isoforms of Na,K-ATPase known to be expressed in target tissues for the disease. Na,K-ATPase from rat kidney displays a sensitivity to GLP similar to that of the rabbit kidney enzyme (apparent IC50: 25-80 and 50-150 µg protein GLP/ml for rat and rabbit, respectively, indicating that resistance to the disease does not result from the resistance of Na,K-ATPase to GLP. GLP also reduces ouabain-sensitive rubidium uptake in rat thick ascending limbs (pmol mm-1 min-1 ± SEM; control: 23.8 ± 1.8; GLP, 88 µg protein/ml: 8.2 ± 0.9, demonstrating that it is active in intact cells. Finally, GLP had no demonstrable effect on renal H,K-ATPase activity, even on the ouabain-sensitive form, indicating that the active principle of GLP is more specific for Na,K-ATPase than ouabain itself. Although the hypothesis remains to be demonstrated in vivo, the present findings are compatible with the putative role of GLP-induced inhibition of Na,K-ATPase as an initial mechanism in the physiopathology of leptospirosis

Osmotic regulation of expression of two extracellular matrix-binding proteins and a haemolysin of Leptospira interrogans: differential effects on LigA and Sph2 extracellular release.

Science.gov (United States)

Matsunaga, James; Medeiros, Marco A; Sanchez, Yolanda; Werneid, Kristian F; Ko, Albert I

2007-10-01

The life cycle of the pathogen Leptospira interrogans involves stages outside and inside the host. Entry of L. interrogans from moist environments into the host is likely to be accompanied by the induction of genes encoding virulence determinants and the concomitant repression of genes encoding products required for survival outside of the host. The expression of the adhesin LigA, the haemolysin Sph2 (Lk73.5) and the outer-membrane lipoprotein LipL36 of pathogenic Leptospira species have been reported to be regulated by mammalian host signals. A previous study demonstrated that raising the osmolarity of the leptospiral growth medium to physiological levels encountered in the host by addition of various salts enhanced the levels of cell-associated LigA and LigB and extracellular LigA. In this study, we systematically examined the effects of osmotic upshift with ionic and non-ionic solutes on expression of the known mammalian host-regulated leptospiral genes. The levels of cell-associated LigA, LigB and Sph2 increased at physiological osmolarity, whereas LipL36 levels decreased, corresponding to changes in specific transcript levels. These changes in expression occurred irrespective of whether sodium chloride or sucrose was used as the solute. The increase of cellular LigA, LigB and Sph2 protein levels occurred within hours of adding sodium chloride. Extracellular Sph2 levels increased when either sodium chloride or sucrose was added to achieve physiological osmolarity. In contrast, enhanced levels of extracellular LigA were observed only with an increase in ionic strength. These results indicate that the mechanisms for release of LigA and Sph2 differ during host infection. Thus, osmolarity not only affects leptospiral gene expression by affecting transcript levels of putative virulence determinants but also affects the release of such proteins into the surroundings.

From land use to land cover: Restoring the afforestation signal in a coupled integrated assessment - earth system model and the implications for CMIP5 RCP simulations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Di Vittorio, Alan V. [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Chini, Louise M. [Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); Bond-Lamberty, Benjamin [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Mao, Jiafu [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Shi, Xiaoying [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Truesdale, John E. [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Craig, Anthony P. [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Calvin, Katherine V. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Jones, Andrew D. [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Collins, William D. [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Edmonds, James A. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States); Hurtt, George [Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States); Thornton, Peter E. [Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Thomson, Allison M. [Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

2014-11-27

Climate projections depend on scenarios of fossil fuel emissions and land use change, and the IPCC AR5 parallel process assumes consistent climate scenarios across Integrated Assessment and Earth System Models (IAMs and ESMs). To facilitate consistency, CMIP5 used a novel land use harmonization to provide ESMs with seamless, 1500-2100 land use trajectories generated by historical data and four IAMs. However, we have identified and partially addressed a major gap in the CMIP5 land coupling design. The CMIP5 Community ESM (CESM) global afforestation is only 22% of RCP4.5 afforestation from 2005 to 2100. Likewise, only 17% of the Global Change Assessment Model’s (GCAM’s) 2040 RCP4.5 afforestation signal, and none of the pasture loss, were transmitted to CESM within a newly integrated model. This is a critical problem because afforestation is necessary for achieving the RCP4.5 climate stabilization. We attempted to rectify this problem by modifying only the ESM component of the integrated model, enabling CESM to simulate 66% of GCAM’s afforestation in 2040, and 94% of GCAM’s pasture loss as grassland and shrubland losses. This additional afforestation increases vegetation carbon gain by 19 PgC and decreases atmospheric CO2 gain by 8 ppmv from 2005 to 2040, implying different climate scenarios between CMIP5 GCAM and CESM. Similar inconsistencies likely exist in other CMIP5 model results, primarily because land cover information is not shared between models, with possible contributions from afforestation exceeding model-specific, potentially viable forest area. Further work to harmonize land cover among models will be required to adequately rectify this problem.

Reacción en cadena de la polimerasa para la detección rápida y determinación del serotipo de virus del dengue en muestras clínicas

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Rosario Delfina

1998-01-01

Full Text Available El trabajo que aquí se presenta describe las ventajas de usar la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa (RCP-TI para detectar e identificar con rapidez virus del dengue en muestras clínicas. Se sometieron directamente a RCP-TI 27 muestras obtenidas de pacientes con fiebre de dengue y fiebre hemorrágica de dengue durante epidemias en Colombia, Nicaragua y Panamá. El ADN de cadena doble obtenido con la RCP-TI se identificó mediante una segunda amplificación (RCP de anidación utilizando cebadores específicos para cada tipo de virus, aislamiento vírico e inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI y con electroinmunoensayo enzimático detector de anticuerpos IgM contra el virus del dengue. El genoma vírico amplificado se detectó e identificó en un máximo de 8 horas. Los parámetros calculados para hacer el diagnóstico por RCP-TI, usando el aislamiento vírico y la IFI como estándar de oro, fueron una sensibilidad de 100%; una especificidad de 78%; un valor predictivo positivo de 69% y un valor predictivo negativo de 100%. Cabe notar que dos de los especímenes que dieron resultados positivos a la prueba de RCP-TI anidada y negativos al aislamiento vírico mostraron anticuerpos específicos de tipo IgM. Los resultados de la RCP-TI en general mostraron una estrecha concordancia con los del aislamiento vírico, lo cual sugiere que la RCP es un procedimiento que facilita enormemente el diagnóstico rápido y temprano del dengue.

Reacción en cadena de la polimerasa para la detección rápida y determinación del serotipo de virus del dengue en muestras clínicas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Delfina Rosario

1998-07-01

Full Text Available El trabajo que aquí se presenta describe las ventajas de usar la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa (RCP-TI para detectar e identificar con rapidez virus del dengue en muestras clínicas. Se sometieron directamente a RCP-TI 27 muestras obtenidas de pacientes con fiebre de dengue y fiebre hemorrágica de dengue durante epidemias en Colombia, Nicaragua y Panamá. El ADN de cadena doble obtenido con la RCP-TI se identificó mediante una segunda amplificación (RCP de anidación utilizando cebadores específicos para cada tipo de virus, aislamiento vírico e inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI y con electroinmunoensayo enzimático detector de anticuerpos IgM contra el virus del dengue. El genoma vírico amplificado se detectó e identificó en un máximo de 8 horas. Los parámetros calculados para hacer el diagnóstico por RCP-TI, usando el aislamiento vírico y la IFI como estándar de oro, fueron una sensibilidad de 100%; una especificidad de 78%; un valor predictivo positivo de 69% y un valor predictivo negativo de 100%. Cabe notar que dos de los especímenes que dieron resultados positivos a la prueba de RCP-TI anidada y negativos al aislamiento vírico mostraron anticuerpos específicos de tipo IgM. Los resultados de la RCP-TI en general mostraron una estrecha concordancia con los del aislamiento vírico, lo cual sugiere que la RCP es un procedimiento que facilita enormemente el diagnóstico rápido y temprano del dengue.

Characterization of leptospiral proteins that afford partial protection in hamsters against lethal challenge with Leptospira interrogans.

Science.gov (United States)

Atzingen, Marina V; Gonçales, Amane P; de Morais, Zenaide M; Araújo, Eduardo R; De Brito, Thales; Vasconcellos, Silvio A; Nascimento, Ana L T O

2010-09-01

Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira. The whole-genome sequence of Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni together with bioinformatic tools allow us to search for novel antigen candidates suitable for improved vaccines against leptospirosis. This study focused on three genes encoding conserved hypothetical proteins predicted to be exported to the outer membrane. The genes were amplified by PCR from six predominant pathogenic serovars in Brazil. The genes were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21-SI using the expression vector pDEST17. The recombinant proteins tagged with N-terminal 6xHis were purified by metal-charged chromatography. The proteins were recognized by antibodies present in sera from hamsters that were experimentally infected. Immunization of hamsters followed by challenge with a lethal dose of a virulent strain of Leptospira showed that the recombinant protein rLIC12730 afforded statistically significant protection to animals (44 %), followed by rLIC10494 (40 %) and rLIC12922 (30 %). Immunization with these proteins produced an increase in antibody titres during subsequent boosters, suggesting the involvement of a T-helper 2 response. Although more studies are needed, these data suggest that rLIC12730 and rLIC10494 are promising candidates for a multivalent vaccine for the prevention of leptospirosis.

Imunodiagnóstico da leptospirose humana através do teste ELISA-IgM, empregando-se diferentes preparações antigênicas a partir de sorotipos prevalentes de Leptospira interrogans Immunodiagnostic of human leptospirosis by ELISA-IgM, employing: different antigenic preparations as from prevalent serovars of Leptospira interrogans

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Marcos Vinicius da Silva

1990-08-01

Full Text Available Realizou-se estudo comparativo de diferentes sorotipos de Leptospira interrogans utilizados na preparação de antígenos empregados no teste ELISA, para a detecção de anticorpos da classe IgM, em amostras de soro na fase precoce e tardia da leptospirose humana. Foram utilizados dez sorotipos, escolhidos entre os que apresentaram maior reatividade na soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM, na cidade de São Paulo. Os cinco sorotipos que apresentaram melhores resultados individualmente no teste ELISA-IgM (canicola, hebdomadis, icterohaemorrhagiae, cynopteri e brasiliensis, foram também estudados em mistura antigênica. Os antígenos não tratados apresentaram maior reatividade do que os antígenos tratados com Triton X - 100 (4% à temperatura de 50ºC, durante 4 horas. O teste ELISA-IgM empregando os sorotipos não tratados, isoladamente, e em mistura antigênica, mostrou-se altamente sensível, podendo ser empregado como teste de triagem para o diagnóstico precoce da leptospirose humana. Outra aplicação do teste é permitir a detecção do início de situações epidêmicas ou de surtos, possibilitando acionar medidas de vigilância epidemiológica.A comparative study among different serovars of Leptospira interrogans was performed in order to prepare antigens to detect IgM antibodies by ELISA in early and late phase of human leptospirosis. Ten serovars were chosen among the most prevalent detected by microscopic seroagglutination (SAM in São Paulo city. Using ELISA-IgM five of them showed better results (canicola, hebdomadis, icterohaemorrhagiae, cynopteri and brasiliensis. These ones were also studied in a pool. The non-treated antigens showed higher reactivity than the Triton X-100 (4%/50ºC/4h. ELISA-IgM using individually or pool of non treated antigens proved to be reliable with high sensitivity and should be used for an earlier diagnosis of leptospirosis, as a trial test. Faster diagnostic elucidation can be useful to detect

Heterologous Expression, Purification and Characterization of an Oligopeptidase A from the Pathogen Leptospira interrogans.

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Anu, Prasannan V; Madanan, Madathiparambil G; Nair, Ananthakrishnan J; Nair, Gangaprasad A; Nair, Govinda Pillai M; Sudhakaran, Perumana R; Satheeshkumar, Padikara K

2018-04-01

Oligopeptidases are enzymes involved in the degradation of short peptides (generally less than 30 amino acids in size) which help pathogens evade the host defence mechanisms. Leptospira is a zoonotic pathogen and causes leptospirosis in mammals. Proteome analysis of Leptospira revealed the presence of oligopeptidase A (OpdA) among other membrane proteins. To study the role of oligopeptidase in leptospirosis, the OpdA of L. interrogans was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli with a histidine tag (His-tag). The protein showed maximum expression at 37 °C with 0.5 mM of IPTG after 2 h of induction. Recombinant OpdA protein was purified to homogeneity using Ni-affinity chromatography. The purified OpdA showed more than 80% inhibition with a serine protease inhibitor but the activity was reduced to 30% with the cysteine protease inhibitor. The peptidase activity was increased significantly in the presence of Zn 2+ at a neutral pH. Inhibitor assay indicate the presence of more than one active sites for peptidase activity as reported with the OpdA of E. coli and Salmonella. Over-expression of OpdA in E. coli BL21 (DE3) did not cause any negative effects on normal cell growth and viability. The role of OpdA as virulence factor in Leptospira and its potential as a therapeutic and diagnostic target in leptospirosis is yet to be identified.

Novel Leptospira interrogans protein Lsa32 is expressed during infection and binds laminin and plasminogen.

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Domingos, Renan F; Fernandes, Luis G; Romero, Eliete C; de Morais, Zenaide M; Vasconcellos, Silvio A; Nascimento, Ana L T O

2015-04-01

Pathogenic Leptospira is the aetiological agent of leptospirosis, a life-threatening disease of human and veterinary concern. The quest for novel antigens that could mediate host-pathogen interactions is being pursued. Owing to their location, these antigens have the potential to elicit numerous activities, including immune response and adhesion. This study focuses on a hypothetical protein of Leptospira, encoded by the gene LIC11089, and its three derived fragments: the N-terminal, intermediate and C terminus regions. The gene coding for the full-length protein and fragments was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(SI) strain by using the expression vector pAE. The recombinant protein and fragments tagged with hexahistidine at the N terminus were purified by metal affinity chromatography. The leptospiral full-length protein, named Lsa32 (leptospiral surface adhesin, 32 kDa), adheres to laminin, with the C terminus region being responsible for this interaction. Lsa32 binds to plasminogen in a dose-dependent fashion, generating plasmin when an activator is provided. Moreover, antibodies present in leptospirosis serum samples were able to recognize Lsa32. Lsa32 is most likely a new surface protein of Leptospira, as revealed by proteinase K susceptibility. Altogether, our data suggest that this multifaceted protein is expressed during infection and may play a role in host-L. interrogans interactions. © 2015 The Authors.

Measuring Progress on the Control of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS at a Regional Level: The Minnesota N212 Regional Control Project (Rcp as a Working Example.

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Pablo Valdes-Donoso

Full Text Available Due to the highly transmissible nature of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS, implementation of regional programs to control the disease may be critical. Because PRRS is not reported in the US, numerous voluntary regional control projects (RCPs have been established. However, the effect of RCPs on PRRS control has not been assessed yet. This study aims to quantify the extent to which RCPs contribute to PRRS control by proposing a methodological framework to evaluate the progress of RCPs. Information collected between July 2012 and June 2015 from the Minnesota Voluntary Regional PRRS Elimination Project (RCP-N212 was used. Demography of premises (e.g. composition of farms with sows = SS and without sows = NSS was assessed by a repeated analysis of variance. By using general linear mixed-effects models, active participation of farms enrolled in the RCP-N212, defined as the decision to share (or not to share PRRS status, was evaluated and used as a predictor, along with other variables, to assess the PRRS trend over time. Additionally, spatial and temporal patterns of farmers' participation and the disease dynamics were investigated. The number of farms enrolled in RCP-N212 and its geographical coverage increased, but the proportion of SS and NSS did not vary significantly over time. A significant increasing (p<0.001 trend in farmers' decision to share PRRS status was observed, but with NSS producers less willing to report and a large variability between counties. The incidence of PRRS significantly (p<0.001 decreased, showing a negative correlation between degree of participation and occurrence of PRRS (p<0.001 and a positive correlation with farm density at the county level (p = 0.02. Despite a noted decrease in PRRS, significant spatio-temporal patterns of incidence of the disease over 3-weeks and 3-kms during the entire study period were identified. This study established a systematic approach to quantify the effect of RCPs on

Procedimiento de estabilizacion de mercurio liquido mediante cemento polimerico de azufre,via sulfuro de mercurio

OpenAIRE

López Gómez, Félix Antonio; López-Delgado, Aurora; Alguacil, Francisco José; Alonso Gámez, Manuel

2009-01-01

Procedimiento para la estabilización de mercurio líquido mediante la obtención de cementos poliméricos de azufre que comprende: (a) transformación del mercurio líquido en sulfuro de mercurio (metacinabrio) mediante reacción química, en condiciones estequiométricas, entre el mercurio y el azufre elemental; y (b) obtención de cemento polimérico de azufre mediante la incorporación el sulfuro de mercurio obtenido en la etapa anterior, en una mezcla estable constituida por áridos, azufre elemental...

Molecular identification of the ompL1 gene within Leptospira interrogans standard serovars.

Science.gov (United States)

Dezhbord, Mehrangiz; Esmaelizad, Majid; Khaki, Pejvak; Fotohi, Fariba; Zarehparvar Moghaddam, Athena

2014-06-11

Leptospirosis, caused by infection with pathogenic Leptospira species, is one of the most prevalent zoonotic diseases in the world. Current leptospiral vaccines are mainly multivalent dead whole-cell mixtures made of several local dominant serovars. Therefore, design and construction of an efficient recombinant vaccine for leptospirosis control is very important. OmpL1 is an immunogenic porin protein that could be of special significance in vaccination and serodiagnosis for leptospirosis. Three strains belonging to pathogenic L. interrogans were analyzed. The specific primers for proliferation of the ompL1 gene were designed. The amplified gene was cloned. In order to investigate the ompL1 nucleotide sequence and homological analysis of this gene, ompL1 genes cloned from standard vaccinal Leptospira serovars prevalent in Iran were sequenced and cloned. PCR amplification of the ompL1 gene using the designed primers resulted in a 963 bp ompL1 gene product. The PCR based on the ompL1 gene detected all pathogenic reference serovars of Leptospira spp. tested. Based on alignment and phylogenetic analysis, although the ompL1 nucleotide sequence was slightly different within three vaccinal serovars (100%-85% identity), amino acid alignment of the OmpL1 proteins revealed that there would be inconsiderable difference among them. The ompL1 gene of the three isolates was well conserved, differing only by a total of 6 bp and the proteins by 2 amino acids. The cloned gene could be further used for expression and recombinant OmpL1 as an efficient and conserved antigen, and may be a useful vaccine candidate against leptospirosis in our region.

Método de eliminación de trihalometanos y/o contaminantes emergentes mediante plasma

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Erra Serrabasa, Pilar; Jover Comas, Eric; Molina Mansilla, Ricardo; Bertrán Serra, Enric; Bayona Termens, Josep María; Reyes Contreras, Carolina

2009-01-01

Método de eliminación de trihalometanos y/o contaminantes emergentes mediante plasma. Se describe un método de eliminación de trihalometanos y contaminantes refractarios en medios acuosos mediante la aplicación directa de plasma para conseguir la degradación de los compuestos contaminantes presentes en el agua.

Modelado de un amortiguador magneto-reológico mediante EcosimPro

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Rodríguez Cadenas, Rubén

2012-01-01

El objetivo de este proyecto es la creación de una librería en la herramienta de modelado y simulación EcosimPro enfocada a amortiguadores magneto‐reológicos. El modelado y simulación mediante cualquier herramienta informática permite la obtención de datos y el desarrollo de componentes con un coste inferior al que habría que invertir mediante una experimentación real. Además, permite llevar el componente hasta el límite sin el riesgo de romperlo o dejarlo inutilizable. Por tanto, se puede de...

Occurrence of antibodies anti -Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Leptospira interrogans in a captive deer herd in Southern Brazil

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Cristina Kraemer Zimpel

Full Text Available Abstract A large number of Brazilian zoos keep many endangered species of deer, however, very few disease surveillance studies have been conducted among captive cervids. Blood samples from 32 Brazilian deer (Blastocerus dichotomus, Mazama nana and Mazama americana kept in captivity at Bela Vista Biological Sanctuary (Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil were investigated for 10 ruminant pathogens, with the aims of monitoring deer health status and evaluating any potential zoonotic risk. Deer serum samples were tested for Brucella abortus, Leptospira (23 serovars, Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, bovine viral diarrhea virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus, western equine encephalitis virus, eastern equine encephalitis virus and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Antibodies against T. gondii (15.6%, N. caninum (6.2% and L. interrogans serogroup Serjoe (3.1% were detected. The serological results for all other infectious agents were negative. The deer were considered to be clinically healthy and asymptomatic regarding any disease. Compared with studies on free-ranging deer, the prevalences of the same agents tested among the captive deer kept at the Sanctuary were lower, thus indicating good sanitary conditions and high-quality management practices at the zoo.

Sensado de variables mediante terminal Android

OpenAIRE

Altaba Rosas, Mar

2017-01-01

El presente documento describe los procesos de diseño y desarrollo de un sistema que, a través de una aplicación móvil, sirve como dispositivo para el registro de la actividad cardíaca del paciente, mediante la obtención del electrocardiograma (ECG), y que permite detectar irregularidades para posteriormente, en caso que fuera necesario, poder enviar los datos adquiridos al profesional sanitario pertinente para que éste los analice. El sistema tiene dos componentes diferenciados, por un lado,...

Eficácia dos tratamentos estabelecidos pelo Manual da IETS, em oócitos, expostos à Leptospira interrogans

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A.C. Goes

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se a eficácia dos tratamentos, definidos pela International Embryo Transfer Society (IETS, de oócitos bovinos, maturados in vitro e expostos experimentalmente à Leptospira interrogans sorovar Grippotyphosa. Os oócitos foram obtidos por meio de punção folicular, selecionados e distribuídos em quatro grupos, expostos ao patógeno e submetidos aos diferentes tipos de tratamentos. Foram expostos à cepa na concentração de 4,7.10(5/µL, virulenta e não adaptada ao meio de manutenção EMJH, e, de 6,3.10(5/µL, avirulenta e adaptada ao meio, por 24 horas. Os grupos tratados com tripsina ou antibióticos apresentaram eficácia de 21,7%, e o grupo lavado sequencialmente 33,4%. Os tratamentos não foram eficazes para os contaminados com a cepa avirulenta. Concluiu-se que as normas de controle de qualidade estabelecidas pela IETS poderiam ser revisadas e, possivelmente, redefinidas, uma vez que a eficácia dos tratamentos, provavelmente, não depende somente da espécie do patógeno, pois há interferência da virulência e de ação dos tratamentos sobre o tipo de patógeno.

[Optimization of prokaryotic expression conditions of Leptospira interrogans trigeminy genus-specific protein antigen based on surface response analysis].

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Jiang; Luo, Dongjiao; Sun, Aihua; Yan, Jie

2008-07-01

Lipoproteins LipL32 and LipL21 and transmembrane protein OMPL1 have been confirmed as the superficial genus-specific antigens of Leptospira interrogans, which can be used as antigens for developing a universal genetic engineering vaccine. In order to obtain high expression of an artificial fusion gene lipL32/1-lipL21-ompL1/2, we optimized prokaryotic expression conditions. We used surface response analysis based on the central composite design to optimize culture conditions of a new antigen protein by recombinant Escherichia coli DE3.The culture conditions included initial pH, induction start time, post-induction time, Isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) concentration, and temperature. The maximal production of antigen protein was 37.78 mg/l. The optimal culture conditions for high recombinant fusion protein was determined: initial pH 7.9, induction start time 2.5 h, a post-induction time of 5.38 h, 0.20 mM IPTG, and a post-induction temperature of 31 degrees C. Surface response analysis based on CCD increased the target production. This statistical method reduced the number of experiments required for optimization and enabled rapid identification and integration of the key culture condition parameters for optimizing recombinant protein expression.

Reconciliando modularidad y eficiencia mediante atajos

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Marco Gómez, Jordi; Franch Gutiérrez, Javier

1997-01-01

Se presenta en este artículo una propuesta para el desarrollo de programas eficientes en el marco de la programación con tipos abstractos de datos (TAD), con el objetivo de respetar la estructura modular de los programas propia de este ámbito. La propuesta se centra en el concepto de atajo como camino eficiente de acceso a los datos, alternativo al acceso mediante las operaciones propias del TAD, y se desarrolla sobre un TAD concreto, el almacén de elementos. La definición de los atajos es al...

Cloning, expression, and homology modeling of GroEL protein from Leptospira interrogans serovar autumnalis strain N2.

Science.gov (United States)

Natarajaseenivasan, Kalimuthusamy; Shanmughapriya, Santhanam; Velineni, Sridhar; Artiushin, Sergey C; Timoney, John F

2011-10-01

Leptospirosis is an infectious bacterial disease caused by Leptospira species. In this study, we cloned and sequenced the gene encoding the immunodominant protein GroEL from L. interrogans serovar Autumnalis strain N2, which was isolated from the urine of a patient during an outbreak of leptospirosis in Chennai, India. This groEL gene encodes a protein of 60 kDa with a high degree of homology (99% similarity) to those of other leptospiral serovars. Recombinant GroEL was overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Immunoblot analysis indicated that the sera from confirmed leptospirosis patients showed strong reactivity with the recombinant GroEL while no reactivity was observed with the sera from seronegative control patient. In addition, the 3D structure of GroEL was constructed using chaperonin complex cpn60 from Thermus thermophilus as template and validated. The results indicated a Z-score of -8.35, which is in good agreement with the expected value for a protein. The superposition of the Ca traces of cpn60 structure and predicted structure of leptospiral GroEL indicates good agreement of secondary structure elements with an RMSD value of 1.5 Å. Further study is necessary to evaluate GroEL for serological diagnosis of leptospirosis and for its potential as a vaccine component. Copyright © 2011 Beijing Genomics Institute. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Isolation and characterization of Leptospira interrogans from pigs slaughtered in São Paulo State, Brazil Isolamento e caracterização de Leptospira interrogans de suínos abatidos no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

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Fabiana Miraglia

2008-09-01

Full Text Available With the aim of isolating Leptospira spp., blood serum, kidney, liver and genital tract of 137 female swine (40 sows and 97 gilts and also urine samples from 22 sows were collected in a slaughterhouse in the State of São Paulo, from April 2003 to August 2004. Four isolates were obtained from animals that presented microagglutination test (MAT titers > 100 for the serovar Pomona and one was obtained from an animal negative by MAT in which Leptospira was isolated from the liver and reproductive tract. The presence of leptospiral DNA was investigated by PCR, and positive results were found in kidneys of 11 females, liver of two, genital tract of two and urine of one of them. Nephrosis, interstitial multifocal nephritis, moderate to severe changing, hyalines cylinders and hemorrhagic focuses, hepatic and uterine horns congestion were histological lesions observed in higher frequency in animals positive for leptospira. The silver impregnation (Warthin Starry confirmed the presence of spirochetes in renal tubules of four females with positive leptospira cultures from kidneys. The serogroup of the five isolates was identified as Pomona by cross agglutination with reference polyclonal antibodies. Molecular characterization of the isolates was carried out by variable-number tandem-repeats analysis. All the isolates revealed a pattern distinct from the L. interrogans Pomona type strain, but identical to a previously identified pattern from strains isolated in Argentina belonging to serovar Pomona.Amostras de soro sanguíneo, rim, fígado e trato genital de 137 fêmeas suínas (40 matrizes e 97 marrãs e de urina de 22 matrizes foram colhidas em abatedouro no Estado de São Paulo, no período de abril de 2003 a agosto de 2004 tendo como objetivo o isolamento de Leptospira spp. Quatro estirpes foram isoladas de animais que apresentaram títulos, no teste de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM > 100, para o sorovar Pomona e de um animal, não reagente na

Modulación del crecimiento vertebral mediante electrocoagulación hemicircunferencial vertebral asistida

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Caballero García, Alberto

2011-01-01

Nuestro trabajo está basado en la posibilidad de controlar el desarrollo asimétrico de los cartílagos de crecimiento vertebral, mediante la realización de una fisiodesis hemivertebral, con electrocoagulación, videoasistida por toracoscópica. Se realizará en cinco niveles torácicos, con un abordaje anterior mínimamente invasivo. Por lo tanto, planteamos como hipótesis de trabajo que La destrucción de las fisis de crecimiento vertebral mediante electrocoagulación, videoasistida por vía toracosc...

Programación por metas Energía alternativa mediante biomasa.

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Guerrero Casas, Flor María

2003-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se presenta un modelo multicriterio de localización de centrales de generación de energía eléctrica mediante biomasa. Los objetivos considerados son: (1 minimizar el coste total de la operación, (2 maximizar la producción de electricidad obtenida, (3 maximizar la distancia entre plantas, (4 maximizar la aceptación social y (5 establecer las plantas o ampliaciones en aquellos lugares donde exista una mayor predisposición por parte de las administraciones locales. Finalmente, se concluye con una aplicación práctica mediante programación por metas ponderadas para la región andaluza, considerando los residuos procedentes del olivar como fuente de energía.

Comparación del gasto energético en reposo determinado mediante calorimetría indirecta y estimado mediante fórmulas predictivas en mujeres con grados de obesidad I a III

OpenAIRE

Alicia Parra-Carriedo; Loren Cherem-Cherem; Daniela Galindo-De Noriega; Mary Carmen Díaz-Gutiérrez; Ana Bertha Pérez-Lizaur; César Hernández-Guerrero

2013-01-01

Introducción: La determinación del gasto energético en reposo (GER) se calcula cotidianamente a partir de fórmulas predictivas aunque el resultado varía dependiendo de la población. Objetivo: Comparar la determinación del GER mediante calorimetría indirecta y mediante las ecuaciones Harris-Benedict (HB), Mifflin (MF), Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), "Institute of Medicine" (IOM), Fórmula Rápida (FR) y Valencia (VA) en mujeres con grados de obesidad I a III. Métodos: Mujeres adultas me...

Greenland in Warm (1.5 °C) and Warmer (RCP 8.5) Worlds: The Influence of the Paris Agreement on Ice Sheet Surface Melting

Science.gov (United States)

Reusch, D. B.

2017-12-01

Melting on the surface of the Greenland ice sheet has been changing dramatically as global air temperatures have increased in recent decades, including melt extent often exceeding the 1981-2010 median through much of the melt season and the onset of intermittent melt moving to earlier in the year. To evaluate potential future change, we investigate surface melting characteristics under both "low" (limited to 1.5 °C) and "high" (RCP 8.5) warming scenarios including analysis of differences in scenario outcomes. Climatologies of melt-relevant variables are developed from two publicly available ensembles of CESM1-CAM5-BGC GCM runs: the 30-member Large Ensemble (CESM LE; Kay et al. 2015) for historical calibration and the RCP 8.5 scenario and the 11-member Low Warming ensemble (CESM LW; Sanderson et al. 2017) for the 1.5 °C scenario. For higher spatial resolution (15 km) and improved polar-centric model physics, we also apply the regional forecast model Polar WRF to decadal subsets (1996-2005; 2071-80) using GCM data archived at sub-daily resolution for boundary conditions. Models were skill-tested against ERA-Interim Reanalysis (ERAI) and AWS observations. For example, CESM LE tends to overpredict both maximum (above-freezing) and minimum daily average surface temperatures compared to observations from the GC-Net Swiss Camp AWS. Ensembles of members differing only by initial conditions allow us to also estimate intramodel uncertainty. Historical (1981-2000) CESM LE spatially averaged July temperatures are 2 +/- 0.2 °C cooler than ERAI while local anomalies in individual members reach up to +/- 2 °C. As expected, Greenland does not escape future (2081-2100) warming (and expectations of more widespread surface melting) even in the LW scenario, but positive changes versus ERAI are mostly coastal (2-3 °C) with the interior showing only minor change (+/- 1 °C). In contrast, under RCP 8.5, the entire ice sheet has warmed by 2-6 °C, or a median increase of 5 °C versus

Transcriptional response of Leptospira interrogans to iron limitation and characterization of a PerR homolog.

Science.gov (United States)

Lo, Miranda; Murray, Gerald L; Khoo, Chen Ai; Haake, David A; Zuerner, Richard L; Adler, Ben

2010-11-01

Leptospirosis is a globally significant zoonosis caused by Leptospira spp. Iron is essential for growth of most bacterial species. Since iron availability is low in the host, pathogens have evolved complex iron acquisition mechanisms to survive and establish infection. In many bacteria, expression of iron uptake and storage proteins is regulated by Fur. L. interrogans encodes four predicted Fur homologs; we have constructed a mutation in one of these, la1857. We conducted microarray analysis to identify iron-responsive genes and to study the effects of la1857 mutation on gene expression. Under iron-limiting conditions, 43 genes were upregulated and 49 genes were downregulated in the wild type. Genes encoding proteins with predicted involvement in inorganic ion transport and metabolism (including TonB-dependent proteins and outer membrane transport proteins) were overrepresented in the upregulated list, while 54% of differentially expressed genes had no known function. There were 16 upregulated genes of unknown function which are absent from the saprophyte L. biflexa and which therefore may encode virulence-associated factors. Expression of iron-responsive genes was not significantly affected by mutagenesis of la1857, indicating that LA1857 is not a global regulator of iron homeostasis. Upregulation of heme biosynthetic genes and a putative catalase in the mutant suggested that LA1857 is more similar to PerR, a regulator of the oxidative stress response. Indeed, the la1857 mutant was more resistant to peroxide stress than the wild type. Our results provide insights into the role of iron in leptospiral metabolism and regulation of the oxidative stress response, including genes likely to be important for virulence.

Ensayo no destructivo de soldaduras en pernos conectores mediante inspección acústica

OpenAIRE

Aznar, A.; Cervera, J.; Ortiz, J.; Hernando, J. I.

2012-01-01

Los pernos conectores aportan múltiples ventajas de uso, entre las que se encuentra el elevado margen de seguridad que ofrecen sus soldaduras ejecutadas mediante arco eléctrico. Estas soldaduras, aunque ampliamente fiables, son difícilmente comprobadas mediante ensayos no destructivos. Aparte de la inspección visual, que aporta gran información sobre la calidad de ejecución de la soldadura, el resto de ensayos no destructivos (líquidos penetrantes, partículas magnéticas, ultrasonidos, radiogr...

Proteína LIC10494 de Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni: modelo estructural y regiones funcionales asociadas

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Orlando Emilio Acevedo

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Protein LIC10494 of Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni: structural model and associated functional regions. Objective.Predict by computational means the 3D structure of the antigenic protein LIC10494 and report associated important functional regionsfor its pathogenicity and immunogenicity. Materials and methods. We performed a computational analysis of the primary structure ofLIC10494 using the servers BLAST, PROTPARAM, PROTSCALE, DAS, SOSUI, TOPPRED, TMAP, TMpred, SPLIT4, PHDHTM,TMHMM2, HMMTOP2, GLOBPLOT and PROSITE. The secondary structure was obtained by consensus of the algorithms SOPM,PREDATOR GOR4, DPM and DSC. The approach to the tertiary structure was obtained using the algorithm MUSTER. The energyminimization was done using the AMBER94 force field of the Schrodinger suite of molecular analysis, and the stereochemistry andenergy model validation was performed by the RAMPAGE server. The final model was visualized using PyMol V.0,98. Results. Thisstudy proposes a computational model that describes the 3D structure of the hypothetical lipoprotein LIC10494 and agrees with previousexperimental reports; thus, our study demonstrates the existence of patterns that could play an important role in the pathogenicity andprotection of the bacteria against the host immune system; the presence of a disorganized region between amino acids 80 and 140, andof a transmembrane segment between amino acids 8 and 22. Conclusion. The coincidence between structural and functional segments suggests that our model can be used to predict certain aspects of the biological behaviour of the protein according to the pathogenic andimmunogenic characteristics of the bacteria.

Preliminary identification of secreted proteins by Leptospira interrogans serovar Kennewicki strain Pomona Fromm

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ricardi, L.M.P.; Portaro, F.C.; Abreu, P.A.E.; Barbosa, A.S.; Morais, Z.M.; Vasconcellos, S.A.

2012-01-01

Full text: This project aimed to identify secreted proteins by pathogenic Leptospira interrogans serovar Kennewicki strain Pomona Fromm (LPF) by proteomic analyses. The strain LPF, whose virulence was maintained by passages in hamsters, were cultured in EMJH medium. The supernatants were centrifuged, dialyzed and subjected to lyophilization. Protein samples were resolved first by IEF at pH 3 to 10, immobilized pH gradient 13-cm strips. Strips were then processed for the second-dimension separation on SDS-polyacrylamide gels. Proteins from gel spots were subjected to reduction, cysteine-alkylation, and in-gel tryptic digestion, and analyzed by LC/MS/MS spectrometry. Liquid chromatography-based separation followed by automated tandem mass spectrometry was also used to identify secreted proteins. In silico analyses were performed using the PSORTbV.3.0 program and SignalP server. One major obstacle to secretome studies is the difficulty to obtain extracts of secreted proteins without citoplasmatic contamination. In addition, the extraction of low concentration proteins from large volumes of culture media, which are rich in salts, BSA and other compounds, frequently interfere with most proteomics techniques. For these reasons, several experimental approaches were used to optimize the protocol applied. In spite of this fact, our analysis resulted in the identification of 200 proteins with high confidence. Only 5 of 63 secreted proteins predicted by in silico analysis were found. Other classes identified included proteins that possess signal peptide but whose cellular localization prediction is unknown or may have multiple localization sites, and proteins that lack signal peptide and are thus thought to be secreted via non conventional mechanisms or resulting from cytoplasmic contamination by cell lysis. Many of these are hypothetical proteins with no putative conserved domains detected. To our knowledge, this is the first study to identify secreted proteins by

Preliminary identification of secreted proteins by Leptospira interrogans serovar Kennewicki strain Pomona Fromm

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ricardi, L.M.P.; Portaro, F.C.; Abreu, P.A.E.; Barbosa, A.S. [Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil); Morais, Z.M.; Vasconcellos, S.A. [Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), SP (Brazil)

2012-07-01

Full text: This project aimed to identify secreted proteins by pathogenic Leptospira interrogans serovar Kennewicki strain Pomona Fromm (LPF) by proteomic analyses. The strain LPF, whose virulence was maintained by passages in hamsters, were cultured in EMJH medium. The supernatants were centrifuged, dialyzed and subjected to lyophilization. Protein samples were resolved first by IEF at pH 3 to 10, immobilized pH gradient 13-cm strips. Strips were then processed for the second-dimension separation on SDS-polyacrylamide gels. Proteins from gel spots were subjected to reduction, cysteine-alkylation, and in-gel tryptic digestion, and analyzed by LC/MS/MS spectrometry. Liquid chromatography-based separation followed by automated tandem mass spectrometry was also used to identify secreted proteins. In silico analyses were performed using the PSORTbV.3.0 program and SignalP server. One major obstacle to secretome studies is the difficulty to obtain extracts of secreted proteins without citoplasmatic contamination. In addition, the extraction of low concentration proteins from large volumes of culture media, which are rich in salts, BSA and other compounds, frequently interfere with most proteomics techniques. For these reasons, several experimental approaches were used to optimize the protocol applied. In spite of this fact, our analysis resulted in the identification of 200 proteins with high confidence. Only 5 of 63 secreted proteins predicted by in silico analysis were found. Other classes identified included proteins that possess signal peptide but whose cellular localization prediction is unknown or may have multiple localization sites, and proteins that lack signal peptide and are thus thought to be secreted via non conventional mechanisms or resulting from cytoplasmic contamination by cell lysis. Many of these are hypothetical proteins with no putative conserved domains detected. To our knowledge, this is the first study to identify secreted proteins by

Future changes in atmospheric condition for the baiu under RCP scenarios

Science.gov (United States)

Okada, Y.; Takemi, T.; Ishikawa, H.

2015-12-01

This study focuses on atmospheric circulation fields during the baiu in Japan with global warming projection experimental data conducted using a 20-km mesh global atmospheric model (MRI-AGCM3.2) under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) scenarios. This model also used 4 different sea surface temperature (SST) initial conditions. Support of this dataset is provided by the Meteorological Research Institute (MRI). The baiu front indicated by the north-south gradient of moist static energy moves northward in present-day climate, whereas this northward shift in future climate simulations is very slow during May and June. In future late baiu season, the baiu front stays in the northern part of Japan even in August. As a result, the rich water vapor is transported around western Japan and the daily precipitation amount will increase in August. This northward shift of baiu front is associated with the westward expansion of the enhanced the North Pacific subtropical high (NPSH) into Japan region. However, the convective activity around northwest Pacific Ocean is inactive and is unlikely to occur convective jump (CJ). These models show that the weak trough exists in upper troposphere around Japan. Therefore, the cold advection stays in the northern part of Japan during June. In July, the front due to the strengthening of the NPSH moves northward, and then it stays until August. This feature is often found between the clustered SSTs, Cluster 2 and 3. The mean field of future August also show the inflow of rich water vapor content to Japan islands. In this model, the extreme rainfall suggested tends to almost increase over the Japan islands during future summer. This work was conducted under the Program for Risk Information on Climate Change supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology-Japan (MEXT).

Gluteoplastia tridimensional mediante distribución volumétrica precisa

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R. Alfonso Vallarta-Rodríguez

Full Text Available Introducción y objetivo. La gluteoplastia mediante lipoinyección debe ser una cirugía segura que partiendo de una planificación adecuada, permita un aumento moderado enfatizando contornos y mejorando la forma natural de la región glútea. Debe permitir obtener resultados predecibles, duraderos y reproducibles, además de ser aplicable en una amplia variedad de pacientes. Presentamos un método de gluteoplastia de aumento sistematizada con lipoinyección que además de ser reproducible, permite obtener resultados consistentes, naturales y permanentes, distribuyendo estratégicamente volúmenes en cuadrantes. Pacientes y Método. Con mínima manipulación del lipoaspirado, infiltramos cantidades controladas en 9 cuadrantes en cada nalga. El cuadrante central representa la zona de máxima proyección y recibe la mitad del volumen. Denominamos zonas primarias a los 4 cuadrantes en los ejes X-Y, zonas que reciben el 40% del volumen infiltrado. Las zonas secundarias o menores corresponden a los cuadrantes situados entre los cuadrantes principales, y reciben el 10% del volumen total. Resultados. Entre 2008 y 2013 intervenimos a 75 pacientes para aumento y remodelación de glúteos con la técnica descrita, todas mujeres de 24 a 52 años. Las pacientes presentaron una convalecencia favorable y una satisfacción del 93%. Nueve pacientes presentaron seromas que se resolvieron mediante aspiración en consultorio. No se presentaron complicaciones mayores. Conclusiones. Presentamos un método de remodelación glútea mediante lipoinyección que, además de ofrecer excelentes resultados, predecibles, consistentes, naturales y permanentes, es lógico y reproducible.

Features of Two New Proteins with OmpA-Like Domains Identified in the Genome Sequences of Leptospira interrogans

Science.gov (United States)

Teixeira, Aline F.; de Morais, Zenaide M.; Kirchgatter, Karin; Romero, Eliete C.; Vasconcellos, Silvio A.; Nascimento, Ana Lucia T. O.

2015-01-01

Leptospirosis is an acute febrile disease caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. It is considered an important re-emerging infectious disease that affects humans worldwide. The knowledge about the mechanisms by which pathogenic leptospires invade and colonize the host remains limited since very few virulence factors contributing to the pathogenesis of the disease have been identified. Here, we report the identification and characterization of two new leptospiral proteins with OmpA-like domains. The recombinant proteins, which exhibit extracellular matrix-binding properties, are called Lsa46 - LIC13479 and Lsa77 - LIC10050 (Leptospiral surface adhesins of 46 and 77 kDa, respectively). Attachment of Lsa46 and Lsa77 to laminin was specific, dose dependent and saturable, with KD values of 24.3 ± 17.0 and 53.0 ± 17.5 nM, respectively. Lsa46 and Lsa77 also bind plasma fibronectin, and both adhesins are plasminogen (PLG)-interacting proteins, capable of generating plasmin (PLA) and as such, increase the proteolytic ability of leptospires. The proteins corresponding to Lsa46 and Lsa77 are present in virulent L. interrogans L1-130 and in saprophyte L. biflexa Patoc 1 strains, as detected by immunofluorescence. The adhesins are recognized by human leptospirosis serum samples at the onset and convalescent phases of the disease, suggesting that they are expressed during infection. Taken together, our data could offer valuable information to the understanding of leptospiral pathogenesis. PMID:25849456

Features of two new proteins with OmpA-like domains identified in the genome sequences of Leptospira interrogans.

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Aline F Teixeira

Full Text Available Leptospirosis is an acute febrile disease caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. It is considered an important re-emerging infectious disease that affects humans worldwide. The knowledge about the mechanisms by which pathogenic leptospires invade and colonize the host remains limited since very few virulence factors contributing to the pathogenesis of the disease have been identified. Here, we report the identification and characterization of two new leptospiral proteins with OmpA-like domains. The recombinant proteins, which exhibit extracellular matrix-binding properties, are called Lsa46 - LIC13479 and Lsa77 - LIC10050 (Leptospiral surface adhesins of 46 and 77 kDa, respectively. Attachment of Lsa46 and Lsa77 to laminin was specific, dose dependent and saturable, with KD values of 24.3 ± 17.0 and 53.0 ± 17.5 nM, respectively. Lsa46 and Lsa77 also bind plasma fibronectin, and both adhesins are plasminogen (PLG-interacting proteins, capable of generating plasmin (PLA and as such, increase the proteolytic ability of leptospires. The proteins corresponding to Lsa46 and Lsa77 are present in virulent L. interrogans L1-130 and in saprophyte L. biflexa Patoc 1 strains, as detected by immunofluorescence. The adhesins are recognized by human leptospirosis serum samples at the onset and convalescent phases of the disease, suggesting that they are expressed during infection. Taken together, our data could offer valuable information to the understanding of leptospiral pathogenesis.

Infecção experimental em suínos jovens com Leptospira interrogans sorovar wolffi: determinação de parâmetros bioquímicos Experimental infection by Leptospira interrogans serovar wolffi in young pigs: determination of biochemical parameters

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José Carlos Rende

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Um estudo sobre infecção experimental foi realizado em oito suínos, com idade média de 90 dias, machos castrados, da raça Wessex, e distribuídos em dois grupos de quatro suínos cada. Durante 36 dias, foram analisadas as alterações bioquímicas nos soros dos suínos dos dois grupos. O Grupo I foi mantido como testemunho e recebeu 5,0mL de solução fisiológica estéril por via intravenosa (veia cava craniana e, no Grupo II, os suínos foram inoculados pela mesma via com 5,0mL de cultura de Leptospira interrogans sorovar wolffi , amostra L-10 selvagem isolada de tatu (Dasypus novemcinctus, contendo 1,0 x 10(8 leptospiras/mL. A partir do terceiro dia após a inoculação e em intervalos de 72 horas até o décimo oitavo dia, foram feitas coletas de sangue, sem anticoagulante, dos animais inoculados e testemunhas. Os parâmetros bioquímicos analisados foram: bilirrubina total, direta e indireta, ácidos graxos, glicose e proteínas plasmáticas. Foi detectado um aumento da bilirrubina direta no terceiro dia e um aumento no sexto dia da bilirrubina total e indireta após a inoculação. As dosagens de glicose, ácidos graxos e proteínas plasmáticas apresentaram uma diminuição a partir do terceiro dia da inoculação. Com os resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que o aumento das taxas de bilirrubinas levam a uma definição de um diagnóstico de hemólise aguda, e que a hipoglicemia, a hipolipidemia e a hipoproteinemia podem estar relacionadas com lesões hepáticas e a uma septcemia.Todas as dosagens em todos os animais retornaram aos seus valores normais a partir do décimo quinto dia.Eight, 90 days old pigs, of the Wessex lineage all castrated male were used in experiment, divided into two groups of four animals. Biochemical alterations in the serum of the animals were analyzed in both groups during 36 days. Control (Group I received 5.0mL of a 0.9% sterile sodium chloride solution by intracranial vein injection; Group II animals

Investigation on the presence of leptospires in ovaries of hamsters experimentally infected whith Leptospiras interrogans serovar pomona

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Claudio Roberto de Almeida Camargo

1993-12-01

Full Text Available After inoculating L. interrogans serovar pomona in 75 primiparous hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus, the invasiveness of leptospires into lhe ovaries and lhe ability in causing ovary morphologic alterations were investigated by means of microscopic examination and bacterial isolation. For this purpose, 75 hamsters were inoculated with 0.5 ml of virulent strain containing 30-40 leptospires by the microscopic field and the other 15 hamsters were held as the uninfected controls. Signs and symptoms (prostration, tachypnea, rufled hair, jaundice, and nasal, bucal and perineal hemorrage were detected in all inoculated animals. The animals were killed in the agonic state of the illness, which were done through 4th and 7th day post inoculation. The ovaries were taken asseptically during the necropsies, thoroughly washed using the sterile phosphate buffered saline, in order to eliminate the possible external contamination. The fresh ovary samples were submitted to the dark field direct microscopic examination. After the formalin fixation, the specimens were stained by means of histopathologic techniques using the Levaditi and Hematoxylin Eosin stains. The ovary smears were also examined by the direct fluorescent antibody technique andlhe bacterial isolation was carried out in the Fletcher’s medium. The dark field direct microscopic examination was found tobe less sensitive in demonstrating the presence of leptospiresin the ovaries. In those specimens stained by the Lcvadititechnique, leptospires were visualized in different ovaryinternal structures, involving the interspace, pellucid zone andin the inner ovules. Through the histopathologic examination,typical morphologic alterations resembling acute infiamatoryprocess were found in 57% of ovaries examined.

Diseño mediante elementos finitos de componentes estructurales de un cuadricóptero para impresión 3D

OpenAIRE

PARDO APARISI, IVÁN

2016-01-01

El trabajo tiene como objetivo diseñar componentes estructurales, mediante el método de elementos finitos, que serán utilizados en un dron de cuatro rotores (cuadricóptero). Una característica particular de este proyecto es que los componentes estructurales a diseñar serán fabricados mediante impresión 3D. Pardo Aparisi, I. (2016). Diseño mediante elementos finitos de componentes estructurales de un cuadricóptero para impresión 3D. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/75994. TFGM

Manejo sostenible y sustentable de fincas productoras mediante procesos participativos en Sáchica, Boyacá

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Ángel Eduardo Ramírez-Amaya; Germán Gonzalo Hurtado

2013-01-01

Objetivo. Elaborar un proyecto de desarrollo sostenible y sustentable de fincas productoras mediante procesos participativos en el municipio de Sáchica, Boyacá. Materiales y métodos. La investigación se realizó con familias campesinas de la vereda Arrayán Alto, del municipio de Sáchica, Boyacá, mediante la metodología Investigación Acción Participativa (IAP), que se centra en la participación de las comunidades para elaborar propuestas concertadas con ellas. El trabajo se desarrolló en varias...

Instalación eléctrica de una vivienda unifamiliar aislada mediante suministro de energías renovables

OpenAIRE

LOZANO VALLADOLID, FERNANDO

2015-01-01

[ES] Instalación eléctrica con grado de electrificación elevada de una vivienda unifamiliar aislada mediante suministro de energías renovables (solar, eólica, geotérmicas). Lozano Valladolid, F. (2015). Instalación eléctrica de una vivienda unifamiliar aislada mediante suministro de energías renovables. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/58751. TFGM

Characteristic features of intracellular pathogenic Leptospira in infected murine macrophages.

Science.gov (United States)

Toma, Claudia; Okura, Nobuhiko; Takayama, Chitoshi; Suzuki, Toshihiko

2011-11-01

Leptospira interrogans is a spirochaete responsible for a zoonotic disease known as leptospirosis. Leptospires are able to penetrate the abraded skin and mucous membranes and rapidly disseminate to target organs such as the liver, lungs and kidneys. How this pathogen escape from innate immune cells and spread to target organs remains poorly understood. In this paper, the intracellular trafficking undertaken by non-pathogenic Leptospira biflexa and pathogenic L. interrogans in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages was compared. The delayed in the clearance of L. interrogans was observed. Furthermore, the acquisition of lysosomal markers by L. interrogans-containing phagosomes lagged behind that of L. biflexa-containing phagosomes, and although bone marrow-derived macrophages could degrade L. biflexa as well as L. interrogans, a population of L. interrogans was able to survive and replicate. Intact leptospires were found within vacuoles at 24 h post infection, suggesting that bacterial replication occurs within a membrane-bound compartment. In contrast, L. biflexa were completely degraded at 24 h post infection. Furthermore, L. interrogans but not L. biflexa, were released to the extracellular milieu. These results suggest that pathogenic leptospires are able to survive, replicate and exit from mouse macrophages, enabling their eventual spread to target organs. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

MASTITE E SÍNDROME DA QUEDA DO LEITE / INFECÇÃO POR Leptospira interrogans EM OVELHAS DA RAÇA SANTA INÊS NO DISTRITO FEDERAL

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Adriana Helena Rosa

2012-06-01

Full Text Available The aim of the present work was to determine the relationship between clinical mastitis and Leptospira interrogans / Milk Drop Syndrome in Santa Inês ewes. One thousand sheep were examined on 12 farms in the Distrito Federal, Brazil, as to their clinical condition, in order to identify animals with clinical mastitis. The animals were divided into two groups: animals which presented clinical mastitis symptoms (G1 and animals which did not have clinical mastitis symptoms (G2. Blood samples were collected from all ewes of the two groups. The microscopic agglutination test was performed in order to identify the seropositive animals to Leptospira spp. Four (4.08% animals of the first group were seropositives to Leptospira spp., of which three were positives to Hardjoprajitno (Norma and Hardjoprajitno (OMS sorovars and one to both Australis and Autumnalis sorovars. In the second group, two (5.26% animals were seropositives to both Hardjoprajitno (Norma and Hardjoprajitno (OMS sorovars. A relationship between Leptospira spp. infection / milk drop syndrome and the presence of clinical mastitis in ewes (p > 0.05 was not observed.

Fish thermal habitat current use and simulation of thermal habitat availability in lakes of the Argentine Patagonian Andes under climate change scenarios RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5.

Science.gov (United States)

Vigliano, Pablo H; Rechencq, Magalí M; Fernández, María V; Lippolt, Gustavo E; Macchi, Patricio J

2018-09-15

Habitat use in relation to the thermal habitat availability and food source as a forcing factor on habitat selection and use of Percichthys trucha (Creole perch), Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout), Salmo trutta (brown trout) and Salvelinus fontinalis (brook trout) were determined as well as future potential thermal habitat availability for these species under climate change scenarios Representative Concentration Pathways 4.5 and 8.5. This study was conducted in three interconnected lakes of Northern Patagonia (Moreno Lake system). Data on fish abundance was obtained through gill netting and hydroacoustics, and thermal profiles and fish thermal habitat suitability index curves were used to identify current species-specific thermal habitat use. Surface air temperatures from the (NEX GDDP) database for RCP scenarios 4.5 and 8.5 were used to model monthly average temperatures of the water column up to the year 2099 for all three lakes, and to determine potential future habitat availability. In addition, data on fish diet were used to determine whether food could act as a forcing factor in current habitat selection. The four species examined do not use all the thermally suitable habitats currently available to them in the three lakes, and higher fish densities are not necessarily constrained to their "fundamental thermal niches" sensu Magnuson et al. (1979), as extensive use is made of less suitable habitats. This is apparently brought about by food availability acting as a major forcing factor in habitat selection and use. Uncertainties related to the multidimensionality inherent to habitat selection and climate change imply that fish resource management in Patagonia will not be feasible through traditional incremental policies and strategic adjustments based on short-term predictions, but will have to become highly opportunistic and adaptive. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Leptospira interrogans en una población canina del Gran Buenos Aires: variables asociadas con la seropositividad

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Diana Rubel

1997-08-01

Full Text Available Se determinó la seroprevalencia de leptospirosis en una población canina suburbana con el objeto de analizar la asociación entre distintas variables individuales y ambientales y la seropositividad a leptospirosis. El estudio, de diseño transversal, se llevó a cabo durante julio de 1992 en un barrio del Gran Buenos Aires en el que viven unos 9 500 habitantes y una población canina de unos 2 000 animales. Se estudió una muestra aleatoria de 223 perros, de cada uno de los cuales se obtuvo una muestra de sangre. La ficha epidemiológica del animal se obtuvo por encuesta al ama de casa. Las determinaciones serológicas se realizaron por microaglutinación frente a 10 serotipos de Leptospira interrogans. Se halló seropositividad en 57% de los 223 perros examinados; 82% de los sueros positivos coaglutinaron con dos o más serotipos. Los serotipos detectados con mayor frecuencia fueron canicola y pyrogenes. La seroprevalencia en hembras fue menor que en machos (P <0,05 y entre los cachorros de menos de 1 año de edad, menor que en los animales de mayor edad (P <0,01. El callejeo del perro y la presencia de agua estancada frente a la vivienda del propietario fueron los factores de riesgo más importantes entre los que se estudiaron. Las asociaciones de la seropositividad con el contacto con un basural, con el comportamiento de caza del perro y con la presencia de roedores en la vivienda no fueron estadísticamente significativas. Se discuten distintas medidas de control.

Projections of Rainfall and Surface Temperature from CMIP5 Models under RCP4.5 and 8.5 over BIMSTEC Countries

Science.gov (United States)

Charan Pattnayak, Kanhu; Kar, Sarat Chandra; Kumari Pattnayak, Rashmita

2015-04-01

Rainfall and surface temperature are the most important climatic variables in the context of climate change. Thus, these variables simulated from fifth phase of the Climate Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP5) models have been compared against Climatic Research Unit (CRU) observed data and projected for the twenty first century under the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5 emission scenarios. Results for the seven countries under Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) such as Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Thailand have been examined. Six CMIP5 models namely GFDL-CM3, GFDL-ESM2M, GFDL-ESM2G, HadGEM2-AO, HadGEM2-CC and HadGEM2-ES have been chosen for this study. The study period has been considered is from 1861 to 2100. From this period, initial 145 years i.e. 1861 to 2005 is reference or historical period and the later 95 years i.e. 2005 to 2100 is projected period. The climate change in the projected period has been examined with respect to the reference period. In order to validate the models, the mean annual rainfall and temperature has been compared with CRU over the reference period 1901 to 2005. Comparison reveals that most of the models are able to capture the spatial distribution of rainfall and temperature over most of the regions of BIMSTEC countries. Therefore these model data can be used to study the future changes in the 21st Century. Four out six models shows that the rainfall over Central and North India, Thailand and eastern part of Myanmar shows decreasing trend and Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal and Sri Lanka shows an increasing trend in both RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. In case of temperature, all of the models show an increasing trend over all the BIMSTEC countries in both scenarios, however, the rate of increase is relatively less over Sri Lanka than the other countries. Annual cycles of rainfall and temperature over Bangladesh, Myanmar and Thailand

Establecer las condiciones necesarias para procesar materiales termoestables mediante el rotomoldeo

OpenAIRE

Pérez O., Daniel

2009-01-01

En este trabajo se establecieron las condiciones necesarias para procesar materiales termoestables mediante la técnica de rotomoldeo, comenzando por el estudio de las condiciones de curado y viscosidad relativa, donde se evidenció una relación directa del porcentaje de catalizador en función del tiempo y la temperatura de polimerización.

Esplacnología clínica

OpenAIRE

Sánchez Hernández, Fernando; Santos del Rey, Fernando

2008-01-01

Materiales de clase: 1.Tema 1.Asistencia 1; 2.Tema 2: Asistencia 2; 3. Tema 3: Reanimación cardiopulmonar; 4. Tema 4: Manejo C. RCP. Cohibir-fluidos-shock. Lesiones con riesgo inminente de muerte; 5. Tema 5: Manejo D. Exploración neurológica. Escala de Glasgow; 6. Tema 6: Ejercicio de Triage; 7. Tema 7: Casos clínicos reales; 8. Tema 8: Material de emergencias en atención primaria. Esta asignatura tiene como objetivo aplicar, mediante casos clínicos enfocados hacia Enfermería, criterios y ...

Ensayo no destructivo de soldaduras en pernos conectores mediante inspección acústica

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Aznar, A.

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Headed studs are nowadays the standard steel-concrete connectors because of their competitive advantages. Firstly, they provide a high degree of safety thanks to semiautomatic electric arc welding. These welds are not suitable for typical non-destructive tests. The analytical study comprises several models. The first vibration modes have been obtained. The experimental research has developed first the measurement of the natural frequencies of 28 headed-studs in the sonic range. Then they have been tested by non-destructive and destructive tests. Finally theirs tests have been compared with their respective frequency measurements. A clear relationship between the measured frequencies and the lack of penetration of the welds has been established, that confirms the analytical prediction of this effect of the internal weld imperfections. Therefore, the feasibility of simple and absolutely non-destructive tests of welded studs by in site measurement of natural frequencies in the sonic range has been clearly established in this work.

Los pernos conectores aportan múltiples ventajas de uso, entre las que se encuentra el elevado margen de seguridad que ofrecen sus soldaduras ejecutadas mediante arco eléctrico. Estas soldaduras, aunque ampliamente fiables, son difícilmente comprobadas mediante ensayos no destructivos. El presente estudio plantea la inspección de soldaduras de pernos conectores mediante su espectro acústico. Analíticamente, la investigación se ha centrado en el cálculo de los primeros modos propios de vibración. Experimentalmente se han medido las frecuencias propias de resonancia de 28 pernos, en los que posteriormente se han llevado a cabo ensayos tanto no destructivos como destructivos. Se ha obtenido, tanto teórica como experimentalmente, una relación entre la frecuencia de vibración de los pernos conectores y la calidad de la soldadura. Por ello se verifica la posibilidad de inspección de estas

La prueba obtenida mediante coacción y su inadmisibilidad ante la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos

OpenAIRE

Paúl Díaz, Álvaro

2016-01-01

La Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos efectúa un amplio análisis probatorio para determinar la ocurrencia de violaciones de derechos humanos. Ella tiende a ser muy flexible con la admisión de la prueba, sin perjuicio de ello estaría obligada a excluir confesiones obtenidas mediante coacción. En relación con esto, la Corte ha hecho afirmaciones que parecen propiciar la exclusión de toda prueba obtenida mediante coerción, y dar pie a la doctrina del fruto de árbol envenenado. Este artícul...

Procedimiento de estabilización de mercurio líquido mediante cemento polimérico de azufre, vía sulfuro de mercurio.

OpenAIRE

López-Delgado, Aurora; López Gómez, Félix Antonio; Alguacil, Francisco José; Alonso Gámez, Manuel

2011-01-01

Procedimiento de estabilización de mercurio líquido mediante cemento polimérico de azufre, vía sulfuro de mercurio. Procedimiento para la estabilización de mercurio líquido mediante la obtención de cementos poliméricos de azufre que comprende: (a) transformación del mercurio líquido en sulfuro de mercurio (metacinabrio) mediante reacción química, en condiciones estequiométricas, entre el mercurio y el azufre elemental; y (b) obtención de cemento polimérico de azufre me...

Effects of temperature on gene expression patterns in Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai as assessed by whole-genome microarrays.

Science.gov (United States)

Lo, Miranda; Bulach, Dieter M; Powell, David R; Haake, David A; Matsunaga, James; Paustian, Michael L; Zuerner, Richard L; Adler, Ben

2006-10-01

Leptospirosis is an important zoonosis of worldwide distribution. Humans become infected via exposure to pathogenic Leptospira spp. from infected animals or contaminated water or soil. The availability of genome sequences for Leptospira interrogans, serovars Lai and Copenhageni, has opened up opportunities to examine global transcription profiles using microarray technology. Temperature is a key environmental factor known to affect leptospiral protein expression. Leptospira spp. can grow in artificial media at a range of temperatures reflecting conditions found in the environment and the mammalian host. Therefore, transcriptional changes were compared between cultures grown at 20 degrees C, 30 degrees C, 37 degrees C, and 39 degrees C to represent ambient temperatures in the environment, growth under laboratory conditions, and temperatures in healthy and febrile hosts. Data from direct pairwise comparisons of the four temperatures were consolidated to examine transcriptional changes at two generalized biological conditions representing mammalian physiological temperatures (37 degrees C and 39 degrees C) versus environmental temperatures (20 degrees C and 30 degrees C). Additionally, cultures grown at 30 degrees C then shifted overnight to 37 degrees C were compared with those grown long-term at 30 degrees C and 37 degrees C to identify genes potentially expressed in the early stages of infection. Comparison of data sets from physiological versus environmental experiments with upshift experiments provided novel insights into possible transcriptional changes at different stages of infection. Changes included differential expression of chemotaxis and motility genes, signal transduction systems, and genes encoding proteins involved in alteration of the outer membrane. These findings indicate that temperature is an important factor regulating expression of proteins that facilitate invasion and establishment of disease.

Leptospira interrogans activation of peripheral blood monocyte glycolipoprotein demonstrated in whole blood by the release of IL-6

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F. Dorigatti

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Glycolipoprotein (GLP from pathogenic serovars of Leptospira has been implicated in the pathogenesis of leptospirosis by its presence in tissues of experimental animals with leptospirosis, the inhibition of the Na,K-ATPase pump activity, and induced production of cytokines. The aims of the present study were to investigate the induction of IL-6 by GLP in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC and to demonstrate monocyte stimulation at the cellular level in whole blood from healthy volunteers. PBMC were stimulated with increasing concentrations (5 to 2500 ng/ml of GLP extracted from the pathogenic L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni, lipopolysaccharide (positive control or medium (negative control, and supernatants were collected after 6, 20/24, and 48 h, and kept at -80ºC until use. Whole blood was diluted 1:1 in RPMI medium and cultivated for 6 h, with medium, GLP and lipopolysaccharide as described above. Monensin was added after the first hour of culture. Supernatant cytokine levels from PBMC were measured by ELISA and intracellular IL-6 was detected in monocytes in whole blood cultures by flow-cytometry. Monocytes were identified in whole blood on the basis of forward versus side scatter parameters and positive reactions with CD45 and CD14 antibodies. GLP ( > or = 50 ng/ml-induced IL-6 levels in supernatants were detected after 6-h incubation, reaching a peak after 20/24 h. The percentage of monocytes staining for IL-6 increased with increasing GLP concentration. Thus, our findings show a GLP-induced cellular activation by demonstrating the ability of GLP to induce IL-6 and the occurrence of monocyte activation in whole blood at the cellular level.

Modelo de dinámica lateral de vehículo mediante bond graph

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Juan Carlos Parra Márquez

2008-07-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo presenta los resultados de la investigación, cuyo objetivo es obtener un modelo matemático que permita determinar la dinámica lateral de un vehículo mediante el uso de Bond Graph. Este modelo es válido para robótica móvil. Los análisis de comportamiento del modelo han sido probados con simulaciones típicas del movimiento lateral de un vehículo. Finalmente, este modelo ha sido obtenido e implementado mediante el software 20-Sim. This paper presents the results of a research whose objective was to find a mathematical model in order to determine the lateral dynamic of Vehicle by means of the use of Bond Graph. This model is valid also for mobile robotics. The analyses of behavior of the model were realized across typical simulations of a vehicle in lateral movement. Finally, this mathematical model was obtained and implemented across the software 20-Sim.

Procedimiento para la obtención de levaduras vínicas superproductoras de manoproteínas mediante tecnologías no recombinantes

OpenAIRE

Barcenilla Moraleda, José María; González Ramos, Daniel; Tabera, Laura; González García, Ramón

2008-01-01

Procedimiento para la obtención de levaduras vínicas superproductoras de manoproteínas mediante tecnologías no recombinantes. Procedimiento para obtener cepas de levaduras superproductoras de manoproteínas mediante la selección de mutantes resistentes a la toxina K9, cepas obtenibles por dicho procedimiento y usos.

Inmunogenicidad y capacidad protectora en hamsters de vacunas antileptospirósicas monovalentes de células enteras del serogrupo Ballum Immunogenicity and protective capacity of leptospiral whole-cell monovalent serogroup Ballum vaccines in hamsters

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A. González

2005-12-01

Full Text Available El serogrupo Ballum de Leptospira constituye en la actualidad la primera causa de leptospirosis humana en Cuba. Vacunas de células enteras químicamente inactivadas fueron formuladas a partir de dos cepas clínicas de Leptospira interrogans serogrupo Ballum empleando como adyuvante hidróxido de aluminio. Los niveles de aglutininas inducidos en hamsters por una u otra preparación vacunal fueron estimados mediante aglutinación microscópica y la actividad IgG específica fue cuantificada mediante ELISA. La capacidad de protección homóloga y heteróloga contra la infección letal y subletal se determinó mediante el desafío con 100 y 10 000 DL50 de cinco cepas virulentas pertenecientes a los serogrupos Ballum, Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae y Pomona. Las evaluaciones realizadas demostraron que ambas vacunas fueron inmunogénicas e indujeron una completa protección homóloga en el modelo animal empleado. La protección cruzada frente a serogrupos heterólogos solo fue significativa en una de las preparaciones monovalentes frente al desafío con 100 DL50 de Canicola. Como resultado de este estudio se pudo comprobar la alta inmunogenicidad y capacidad protectora en hamsters de vacunas monovalentes de células enteras formuladas a partir de dos cepas candidatas vacunales del serogrupo de Leptospira de mayor circulación en humanos en Cuba no incluido en la vacuna actualmente disponible.Leptospira serogroup Ballum is at present the first cause of human leptospirosis in Cuba. Killed whole-cell vaccines were formulated with two clinical isolates of Leptospira interrogans serogroup Ballum using aluminum hydroxide as adjuvant. Agglutinins levels induced by each vaccine in hamsters were estimated by microscopic agglutination test and specific IgG activities were quantified by a whole cell-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Homologous and cross protective capacity against lethal and sublethal infection were determined in vaccinated animals by

Global cost analysis on adaptation to sea level rise based on RCP/SSP scenarios

Science.gov (United States)

Kumano, N.; Tamura, M.; Yotsukuri, M.; Kuwahara, Y.; Yokoki, H.

2017-12-01

Low-lying areas are the most vulnerable to sea level rise (SLR) due to climate change in the future. In order to adapt to SLR, it is necessary to decide whether to retreat from vulnerable areas or to install dykes to protect them from inundation. Therefore, cost- analysis of adaptation using coastal dykes is one of the most essential issues in the context of climate change and its countermeasures. However, few studies have globally evaluated the future costs of adaptation in coastal areas. This study tries to globally analyze the cost of adaptation in coastal areas. First, global distributions of projected inundation impacts induced by SLR including astronomical high tide were assessed. Economic damage was estimated on the basis of the econometric relationship between past hydrological disasters, affected population, and per capita GDP using CRED's EM-DAT database. Second, the cost of adaptation was also determined using the cost database and future scenarios. The authors have built a cost database for installed coastal dykes worldwide and applied it to estimating the future cost of adaptation. The unit costs of dyke construction will increase with socio-economic scenario (SSP) such as per capita GDP. Length of vulnerable coastline is calculated by identifying inundation areas using ETOPO1. Future cost was obtained by multiplying the length of vulnerable coastline and the unit cost of dyke construction. Third, the effectiveness of dyke construction was estimated by comparing cases with and without adaptation.As a result, it was found that incremental adaptation cost is lower than economic damage in the cases of SSP1 and SSP3 under RCP scenario, while the cost of adaptation depends on the durability of the coastal dykes.

Modelado del proceso de esterilización del hospital clínico universitario de Valladolid mediante diagramas IDEF

OpenAIRE

Viñas del Hoyo, Víctor

2015-01-01

El principal objetivo de este trabajo de fin de grado es elaborar mediante diagramas IDEF, más concretamente el IDEFO, cuál sería el funcionamiento de la central de esterilización de nueva construcción del Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, mediante la gestión por procesos. Otros objetivos secundarios pero no menos importantes de este proyecto son:comprender el modelo de gestión por procesos e identificar los pasos que hay que seguir para implantarla correctamente. Ver y aprender ...

Extracción de ADN de Trypanosoma cruzi mediante tratamiento con bromuro de hexadecil-trimetil-amonio

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Marcela Escalante

1997-06-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se describe un método rápido, sencillo y eficaz para la obtención de ADN genómico de Trypanosoma cruzi, libre de impurezas y fácil de manipular. Dicho procedimiento se basa en la lisis del parásito con SDS y remoción de proteínas mediante la digestión con proteinasa K, seguida de la precipitación selectiva de carbohidratos y proteínas residuales con bromuro de hexadecil-trimetil-amonio (CTAB. Finalmente, el ADN se extrae con cloroformo: alcohol isoamílico y se recupera de la fase acuosa mediante precipitación con isopropanol.

Diseño y prototipaje del álabe para un miniaerogenerador mediante impresión 3D

OpenAIRE

Roy Mota, Andrea

2017-01-01

El objetivo de este proyecto consiste en el diseño de una maqueta de álabe para un mini aerogenerador y su posterior fabricación con PLA mediante la tecnología de impresión 3D no industrial. Para conseguirlo se creó una hoja de cálculo que torna la superficie del ala; se analizó la impresora 3D y se diseñó la estructura interna del aspa para dotarlo de resistencia según sus límites de impresión de la impresora mediante el programa Siemens Unigraphics NX10; se simularon los esfuerzos y a parti...

Mapas de Entornos Mediante Navegacion Difusa y Sistema de Teleoperacion de una Plataforma Pioneer P3-DX

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Daniel Granda

2013-11-01

Full Text Available El presente proyecto describe el diseno e implementacion de aplicaciones de Teleoperacion, Adquisicion de Datos, Control Difuso de Velocidad y Mapeo de Entornos en 2D, para la plataforma movil Pioneer P3-DX mediante el uso de sonares, odometrıa y software libre GNU/Linux. El proyecto brinda una guıa para utilizar los conceptos de programacion en Python, que permite crear aplicaciones de manera versatil mediante el uso de librerıas como: GTK para el desarrollo del entorno grafico, PYFUZZY para el desarrollo del controlador difuso de velocidad y OPENCV para mostrar los mapas del entorno.

Diseño óptimo de un disipador de calor para luminaria LED mediante moderación modelación computacional

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Daniel Cahue Díaz

2014-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se desarrolla una selección de materiales y simulación térmica en el diseño de disipadores de calor para sistemas de iluminación de estado sólido (SSL mejor conocidos como luminarias LEDs. Se desarrolló un modelo matemático con la capacidad de predecir el comportamiento térmico de la luminaria cuando se encuentra en operación. El modelo matemático fue resuelto mediante un software de distribución libre el cual permite resolver ecuaciones diferenciales mediante el método de elemento finito. Los resultados obtenidos en el modelo matemático planteado fueron validados con los resultados obtenidos mediante experimentación usando imágenes termográficas.

MHC class II DRB diversity predicts antigen recognition and is associated with disease severity in California sea lions naturally infected with Leptospira interrogans

Science.gov (United States)

Acevedo-Whitehouse, Karina; Gulland, Frances; Bowen, Lizabeth

2018-01-01

We examined the associations between California sea lion MHC class II DRB (Zaca-DRB) configuration and diversity, and leptospirosis. As Zaca-DRB gene sequences are involved with antigen presentation of bacteria and other extracellular pathogens, we predicted that they would play a role in determining responses to these pathogenic spirochaetes. Specifically, we investigated whether Zaca-DRB diversity (number of genes) and configuration (presence of specific genes) explained differences in disease severity, and whether higher levels of Zaca-DRB diversity predicted the number of specific Leptospira interrogans serovars that a sea lion's serum would react against. We found that serum from diseased sea lions with more Zaca-DRB loci reacted against a wider array of serovars. Specific Zaca-DRB loci were linked to reactions with particular serovars. Interestingly, sea lions with clinical manifestation of leptospirosis that had higher numbers of Zaca-DRB loci were less likely to recover from disease than those with lower diversity, and those that harboured Zaca-DRB.C or –G were 4.5 to 5.3 times more likely to die from leptospirosis, regardless of the infective serovars. We propose that for leptospirosis, a disadvantage of having a wider range of antigen presentation might be increased disease severity due to immunopathology. Ours is the first study to examine the importance of Zaca-DRB diversity for antigen detection and disease severity following natural exposure to infective leptospires.

Diferencias en la calciuria, estimada mediante el índice Ca/Cr en función del tipo de lactancia

OpenAIRE

Trigo López, Javier

2015-01-01

Se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo transversal sobre el comportamiento de la calciuria, estimada mediante el índice calcio/creatinina (ICC), en lactantes menores de 6 meses, analizando su posible relación con el tipo de alimentación (leche de fórmula o leche materna). Los resultados se obtuvieron a partir de muestras de orina de 44 lactantes sanos en los que se recoge el tipo de lactancia. El grupo alimentado mediante leche de fórmula presentó un ICC medio expresado en mg/mg de 0,59, mien...

Seguimiento de trayectorias tridimensionales de un quadrotor mediante control PVA

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Silvia Estellés Martínez

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Resumen: Este trabajo presenta el modelado de un quadrotor como un sistema multicuerpo llevado a cabo mediante el software Vehicle- Sim, en el que los diferentes componentes del sistema son descritos mediante una estructura paterno-filial señalando las restricciones físicas entre ellos. Los modelos estructural y aerodinámico han sido desarrollados mediante este software, ampliamente utilizado en la simulación del comportamiento dinámico de vehículos.Sobre el modelo resultante se he desarrollado un algoritmo de control basado en la metodologia PVA con la finalidad de obtener un seguimiento de trayectoria mediante acciones de control suaves. Empleando la metodología convencional de control PVA no es posible estabilizar el vehículo en todos los rangos de posicionamiento lateral (y y longitudinal (x. En este artículo los autores muestran como esta limitación en el diseño de una estrategia de control PVA convencional es solventada con una modificación consistente en sustituir los parámetros constantes del PVA clásico por funciones dependientes del desplazamiento.El sistema de control es implementado para adecuarse a los requerimientos de las actuaciones y se diseña sobre la plataforma de simulación multidominio Simulink. Con la finalidad de obtener una importante mejora en la respuesta de posicionamiento, se im- plementa un generador de trayectorias continuas.Una vez que el modelo es desarrollado y el sistema de control implementado, los autores presentan el modelo matemático y los resultados de las simulaciones realizadas. Éstas validan el empleo tanto de la metodología de control PVA aplicada, como de la alimentación de trayectorias predefinidas, no sólo para la posición, sino también para la velocidad y aceleración. Abstract: In this work the authors present the modelling of a quadrotor as a multibody system carried out with the software VehicleSim, in which the different

Drivers of the tropospheric ozone budget throughout the 21st century under the medium-high climate scenario RCP 6.0

Science.gov (United States)

Revell, L. E.; Tummon, F.; Stenke, A.; Sukhodolov, T.; Coulon, A.; Rozanov, E.; Garny, H.; Grewe, V.; Peter, T.

2015-05-01

Because tropospheric ozone is both a greenhouse gas and harmful air pollutant, it is important to understand how anthropogenic activities may influence its abundance and distribution through the 21st century. Here, we present model simulations performed with the chemistry-climate model SOCOL, in which spatially disaggregated chemistry and transport tracers have been implemented in order to better understand the distribution and projected changes in tropospheric ozone. We examine the influences of ozone precursor emissions (nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)), climate change (including methane effects) and stratospheric ozone recovery on the tropospheric ozone budget, in a simulation following the climate scenario Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 6.0 (a medium-high, and reasonably realistic climate scenario). Changes in ozone precursor emissions have the largest effect, leading to a global-mean increase in tropospheric ozone which maximizes in the early 21st century at 23% compared to 1960. The increase is most pronounced at northern midlatitudes, due to regional emission patterns: between 1990 and 2060, northern midlatitude tropospheric ozone remains at constantly large abundances: 31% larger than in 1960. Over this 70-year period, attempts to reduce emissions in Europe and North America do not have an effect on zonally averaged northern midlatitude ozone because of increasing emissions from Asia, together with the long lifetime of ozone in the troposphere. A simulation with fixed anthropogenic ozone precursor emissions of NOx, CO and non-methane VOCs at 1960 conditions shows a 6% increase in global-mean tropospheric ozone by the end of the 21st century, with an 11 % increase at northern midlatitudes. This increase maximizes in the 2080s and is mostly caused by methane, which maximizes in the 2080s following RCP 6.0, and plays an important role in controlling ozone directly, and indirectly through its

SÍNTESIS DE ÓXIDOS TIPO PEROVSKITA MEDIANTE POLIMERIZACIÓN CON ÁCIDO CÍTRICO Y PROPIÓNICO

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Jairo Gómez Cuaspud

2010-03-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se describe la preparación de la perovskita La0,75Sr0,25Co0,5Fe0,5O3 (LaSrCoFeO, empleando una ruta de química húmeda, mediante la polimerización con ácido cítrico y propiónico, con el propósito de obtener materiales para potenciales aplicaciones como membranas de purificación de oxígeno y como materiales electródicos en celdas de combustible de óxido sólido (SOFC. Para ello, los sólidos se caracterizaron mediante difracción de rayos X (DRX y microscopia electrónica de barrido (SEM, con lo que se obtuvo información sobre la formación y pureza de fases, la morfología, la estructura y las propiedades superficiales de cada sistema, indicando que es posible obtener sólidos con una distribución de grano homogéneo, textura y relieve característicos, en cuyo contexto el método que involucra la polimerización con ácido cítrico mostró los mejores resultados. La composición global se determinó mediante microanálisis de rayos X de energía dispersiva (EDX, y se señaló una buena concordancia entre las composiciones propuestas y obtenidas. La caracterización realizada sugiere la presencia de pequeñas cantidades de carbono y algunos óxidos de lantano, estroncio y cobalto como principales contaminantes, específicamente en la muestra obtenida mediante la polimerización con ácido propiónico.

Characterization of novel OmpA-like protein of Leptospira interrogans that binds extracellular matrix molecules and plasminogen.

Science.gov (United States)

Oliveira, Rosane; de Morais, Zenaide Maria; Gonçales, Amane Paldes; Romero, Eliete Caló; Vasconcellos, Silvio Arruda; Nascimento, Ana L T O

2011-01-01

Leptospira interrogans is the etiological agent of leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease of human and veterinary concern. The identification of novel proteins that mediate host-pathogen interactions is important for understanding the bacterial pathogenesis as well as to identify protective antigens that would help fight the disease. We describe in this work the cloning, expression, purification and characterization of three predicted leptospiral membrane proteins, LIC10258, LIC12880 (Lp30) and LIC12238. We have employed Escherichia coli BL21 (SI) strain as a host expression system. Recently, we have identified LIC12238 as a plasminogen (PLG)-binding receptor. We show now that Lp30 and rLIC10258 are also PLG-receptors of Leptospira, both exhibiting dose-dependent and saturating binding (K(D), 68.8±25.2 nM and 167.39±60.1 nM, for rLIC10258 and rLIC12880, respectively). In addition, LIC10258, which is a novel OmpA-like protein, binds laminin and plasma fibronectin ECM molecules and hence, it was named Lsa66 (Leptospiral surface adhesin of 66 kDa). Binding of Lsa66 to ECM components was determined to be specific, dose-dependent and saturable, with a K(D) of 55.4±15.9 nM to laminin and of 290.8±11.8 nM to plasma fibronectin. Binding of the recombinant proteins to PLG or ECM components was assessed by using antibodies against each of the recombinant proteins obtained in mice and confirmed by monoclonal anti-polyhistidine antibodies. Lsa66 caused partial inhibition on leptospiral adherence to immobilized ECM and PLG. Moreover, this adhesin and rLIC12238 are recognized by antibodies in serum samples of confirmed leptospirosis cases. Thus, Lsa66 is a novel OmpA-like protein with dual activity that may promote the attachment of Leptospira to host tissues and may contribute to the leptospiral invasion. To our knowledge, this is the first leptospiral protein with ECM and PLG binding properties reported to date.

Characterization of novel OmpA-like protein of Leptospira interrogans that binds extracellular matrix molecules and plasminogen.

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Rosane Oliveira

Full Text Available Leptospira interrogans is the etiological agent of leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease of human and veterinary concern. The identification of novel proteins that mediate host-pathogen interactions is important for understanding the bacterial pathogenesis as well as to identify protective antigens that would help fight the disease. We describe in this work the cloning, expression, purification and characterization of three predicted leptospiral membrane proteins, LIC10258, LIC12880 (Lp30 and LIC12238. We have employed Escherichia coli BL21 (SI strain as a host expression system. Recently, we have identified LIC12238 as a plasminogen (PLG-binding receptor. We show now that Lp30 and rLIC10258 are also PLG-receptors of Leptospira, both exhibiting dose-dependent and saturating binding (K(D, 68.8±25.2 nM and 167.39±60.1 nM, for rLIC10258 and rLIC12880, respectively. In addition, LIC10258, which is a novel OmpA-like protein, binds laminin and plasma fibronectin ECM molecules and hence, it was named Lsa66 (Leptospiral surface adhesin of 66 kDa. Binding of Lsa66 to ECM components was determined to be specific, dose-dependent and saturable, with a K(D of 55.4±15.9 nM to laminin and of 290.8±11.8 nM to plasma fibronectin. Binding of the recombinant proteins to PLG or ECM components was assessed by using antibodies against each of the recombinant proteins obtained in mice and confirmed by monoclonal anti-polyhistidine antibodies. Lsa66 caused partial inhibition on leptospiral adherence to immobilized ECM and PLG. Moreover, this adhesin and rLIC12238 are recognized by antibodies in serum samples of confirmed leptospirosis cases. Thus, Lsa66 is a novel OmpA-like protein with dual activity that may promote the attachment of Leptospira to host tissues and may contribute to the leptospiral invasion. To our knowledge, this is the first leptospiral protein with ECM and PLG binding properties reported to date.

Procedimiento para la discriminación y mapeo de los rodales de nerdo en cultivos de girasol mediante teledetección

OpenAIRE

López Granados, Francisca; García Torres, Luis; Peña Barragán, José Manuel; Jurado-Expósito, Montserrat

2006-01-01

Procedimiento para la discriminación y mapeo de los rodales de nerdo en cultivos de girasol mediante teledetección. Procedimiento para mapear zonas infestadas de la mala hierba conocida como nerdo (Ridolfia segetum Moris) en plantaciones de girasol mediante teledetección. Tiene aplicación en Agricultura, y más concretamente en Empresas de Asistencia Técnica Agraria o Medioambiental, o en Auditorias Agroambientales Públicas o Privadas. Principalmente consiste en el anál...

Principios básicos y aplicación del aprendizaje mediante tareas

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Estaire, Sheila

2011-04-01

Full Text Available En los últimos años el aprendizaje mediante tareas ha ido consolidándose como una nueva forma de enseñar y aprender lenguas extranjeras. Sin embargo existen una serie de aspectos prácticos relacionados con su aplicación en los que aún se puede profundizar. En este artículo, después de una introducción breve de algunos principios básicos, se discuten posibles procedimientos para determinar las tareas que constituyen el eje de un programa, así como para organizar el proceso de enseñanza / aprendizaje. A continuación se presentan diferentes modalidades de trabajo sobre los aspectos formales de la lengua, aspectos que es esencial tratar de forma rigurosa, minuciosa y sistemática. Este punto crucial se discute junto con una propuesta de estructura de curso que consta de dos componentes diferenciados. Por otra parte, los elementos innovadores del aprendizaje mediante tareas hacen imprescindible una gestión del aprendizaje también innovadora, aspecto que se trata en el último apartado a través de pautas metodológicas que potencian la eficacia de las tareas como instrumento de aprendizaje.

Pronósticos de inflación mediante técnicas bayesianas

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Juan Diego Chavarría

2015-11-01

Full Text Available La efectividad de la política monetaria bajo un esquema de metas de inflación como el propuesto por el Banco Central de Costa Rica se basa en buena medida en el correcto y oportuno pronóstico de la inflación a corto y mediano plazo con el fin de diseñar de mejor forma las acciones de política monetaria. Así, el propósito de este trabajo es desarrollar una herramienta complementaria para elaborar pronósticos de inflación mediante un enfoque bayesiano. Para lo anterior se propone la utilización de la metodología Bayesian Model Averaging y de Weighted Average Least Squares. Los modelos de proyección especificados permitirían ampliar y complementar el análisis que se realiza actualmente con el Modelo Macroeconómico de Proyección Trimestral (MMPT del Banco Central de Costa Rica. Como resultado esta investigación muestra que, para datos de periodicidad mensual y a horizontes de pronóstico de 1 a 12 meses, es posible encontrar proyecciones mediante un proceso bayesiano que poseen una mayor capacidad predictiva en relación con aquellas producidas por un modelo autorregresivo.

Estudio comparativo del comportamiento de losas de concreto reforzado mediante los análisis elástico y límite

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julio Vergara García

1989-01-01

Full Text Available Presenta un resumen de la tesis de grado "Estudio comparativo de losas de concreto reforzado mediante los análisis elástico y límite". Este trabajo proporciona fórmulas, tablas y gráficas prácticas para determinar los momentos flectores y el volumen de refuerzo de los tipos de losas estudiados, sometidas a diferentes tipos de carga y analizados mediante la Teoría de la Elasticidad y el Análisis Límite.

Síntesis de nitruro de titanio mediante láser y energía solar concentrada

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

García, I.

1998-04-01

Full Text Available The possibility of the employment of solar energy concentrated by Fresnel lens is investigated in order to synthesize materials by gas-solid reaction. These first results are compared by two similar techniques as high power laser and xenon are lamp. The TiN coatings obtained with xenon are lamp and Fresnel lens are homogenous, without pores or defects, with a uniform thickness of about 6 μm for treatments of 2 min. The good quality of the TiN coating for all the testing conditions was confirmed by the x-ray diffraction measurements.

Se presenta la utilización de la energía solar concentrada mediante lentes de Fresnel para la síntesis de materiales por reacción gas-sólido. Estos primeros resultados sobre nitruración superficial de titanio y aleaciones de titanio se comparan con los obtenidos con técnicas similares como el láser de alta potencia y la lámpara de descarga de xenón. Las capas de nitruro de titanio obtenidas mediante energía solar concentrada por lentes de Fresnel y lámpara de xenón son homogéneas, sin grietas ni defectos, y con un espesor uniforme de 6 μm en tiempos de sólo 2 min. La buena calidad de estas capas se confirma mediante difracción de rayos X.

Monitorización de Signos Vitales Mediante una Red de Dispositivos Móviles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Cilio

2013-11-01

Full Text Available El desarrollo e implementación de diferentes proyectos tecnológicos, apoyados en el correspondiente conocimiento médico, pueden contribuir a resolver varios problemas del sector de la salud. Si bien en los últimos años se han realizado enormes esfuerzos para desarrollar tecnologías aplicables en ambientes clínicos, el desarrollo de tecnologías para atención médica domiciliar podría reducir la presión que agobia a los hospitales actualmente. En el presente proyecto se realiza el diseño e implementación de un sistema para monitorización de signos vitales, el cual mide la frecuencia cardiaca, la oxigenación sanguínea y la temperatura corporal de una persona. La información obtenida de cada signo vital es muestreada y procesada por una plataforma digital para posteriormente ser enviada mediante un módulo Bluetooth hacia un dispositivo móvil para su análisis y visualización. El prototipo fue evaluado mediante una batería de pruebas para medición de signos vitales en diferentes pacientes.

Ana?lisis cinemático de la marcha en pacientes con pie zambo tratados mediante el me?todo de Ponseti frente a la te?cnica quiru?rgica de liberacio?n posterior

OpenAIRE

Ferrando, A.; Salom Taverner, M.; Page, A.

2018-01-01

El objetivo principal de este proyecto consiste en valorar la evolución de la marcha en niños en edad preadolescente tratados mediante el método de Ponseti frente a los tratados mediante liberación posterior a partir de técnicas de valoración de la marcha mediante análisis biomecánico. Material y Métodos Estudio retrospectivo de casos y controles aprobado por el comité de ética. Grupo 1: 28 niños (39 pies) tratados mediante liberación posterior. Grupo 2: 18 pacientes (31 pies) tratados median...

Future PMPs Estimation in Korea under AR5 RCP 8.5 Climate Change Scenario: Focus on Dew Point Temperature Change

Science.gov (United States)

Okjeong, Lee; Sangdan, Kim

2016-04-01

According to future climate change scenarios, future temperature is expected to increase gradually. Therefore, it is necessary to reflect the effects of these climate changes to predict Probable Maximum Precipitations (PMPs). In this presentation, PMPs will be estimated with future dew point temperature change. After selecting 174 major storm events from 1981 to 2005, new PMPs will be proposed with respect to storm areas (25, 100, 225, 400, 900, 2,025, 4,900, 10,000 and 19,600 km2) and storm durations (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24, 48 and 72 hours) using the Korea hydro-meteorological method. Also, orographic transposition factor will be applied in place of the conventional terrain impact factor which has been used in previous Korean PMPs estimation reports. After estimating dew point temperature using future temperature and representative humidity information under the Korea Meteorological Administration AR5 RCP 8.5, changes in the PMPs under dew point temperature change will be investigated by comparison with present and future PMPs. This research was supported by a grant(14AWMP-B082564-01) from Advanced Water Management Research Program funded by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korean government.

Caracterización espacial de PM10 en la ciudad de Medellín mediante modelos geoestadísticos

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Libardo Antonio Londoño Ciro

2015-12-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta un modelo geoestadístico para caracterizar espacialmente el comportamiento del contaminante PM10 en la ciudad de Medellín Colombia. Los datos se han tomado de nueve sitios de monitoreo en valor promedio mensual (µg/m3 durante el periodo enero 2003 a diciembre 2007. Se evaluaron diferentes modelos mediante pruebas de validación cruzada. El mejor modelo es el j-bessel. Se calculan los parámetros del modelo mediante pruebas ANOVA para agrupaciones trimestrales. Con Kriging ordinario y sistemas de información geográfica, se obtienen mapas de caracterización espacial del contaminante.

Protocolo de comunicación trabajador-robot mediante imágenes

OpenAIRE

Castilla Berduque, José Angel

2015-01-01

La idea del proyecto viene del concepto de “fábricas del futuro”, donde las barreras entre robots y humanos se rompen para que la colaboración entre ambos sea como en un equipo. Para la realización de este proyecto se ha utilizado el brazo robótico IRB120 de la marca ABB de 6 Grados de libertad, Matlab y el software Robot Studio. El Objetivo principal de este proyecto es establecer el protocolo de comunicación trabajador-robot mediante imágenes. El trabajador debería poder ...

Monitorización de un lecho fluidizado mediante acelerometría

OpenAIRE

Velasco Fernández, Mario

2013-01-01

El presente proyecto estudiará la posibilidad de monitorizar un reactor químico mediante sensores de vibración. Actualmente, no se realiza este tipo de monitorización sobre reactores químicos, y los estudios realizados al respecto son escasos. Se tratarán de establecer las posibles equivalencias entre las medidas realizadas con sensores de presión y de vibración. Para ello se realizará la monitorización de un modelo de reactor a escala, del laboratorio de la Universidad, utilizand...

Estabilización de Suelos mediante el empleo de Sales Cuaternarias

OpenAIRE

Juan M. Junco del Pino

2010-01-01

El Mundo se dirige hacia el aprovechamiento de los Suelos mediante el desarrollo de nuevas técnicas y adaptarse a las condiciones del entorno resulta importante para la Ingeniería. El mejoramiento de los suelos abre nuevas posibilidades de ahorro que pueden llegar de 20 a 45 % respecto a los costos de construcción convencional. La Estabilización Química de Suelos consiste en el empleo de sustancias químicas con el objetivo de modificar las propiedades del suelo para hacerlo más denso o increm...

Tratamiento de un efluente textil mediante electrooxidación-Salix babylonica

OpenAIRE

Sánchez Sánchez, Hilda Alejandra

2016-01-01

A nivel mundial, la industria textil es considerada una de las principales fuentes de descarga que afectan la calidad del agua debido al gran volumen que emplea en sus procesos y al uso de una amplia gama de colorantes sintéticos. En esta investigación se evaluó el tratamiento de un agua residual textil mediante un sistema acoplado de electrooxidación-Salix babylonica usando electrodos DDB. En el estudio, se construyó una celda electroquímica en batch, utilizando 5 electrodos paralelos vertic...

Lqr Robusto Mediante Incertidumbre Acotada En Los Datos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. Ramos

2007-07-01

Full Text Available Resumen: En este trabajo se presenta el sintonizado del Regulador Lineal Cuadrático (LQR mediante la técnica de incertidumbre acotada en los datos o Bounded Data Uncertainties (BDU con el fin de mejorar la robustez del sistema, planteándose como un Min-Max donde se busca la mejor solución en el peor escenario posible. Así se ofrece un nuevo método guiado de ajuste del LQR, considerando los límites de la incertidumbre. La aplicación a sistemas multidimensionales no es trivial, pues presenta la forma de un Two-Point Boundary Value Problem (TPBVP, el cual se resuelve iterativamente. : Técnicas Minimax, Regularización, Método de Control LQR, Robustez, Incertidumbre, Ecuaciones Matriciales de Riccati, Problema de Valor Límite, Sistemas Multidimensionales

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-CJAC-01-0924 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-CJAC-01-0924 ref|NP_713695.1| Heme exporter protein A [Leptospira interrogans ...serovar Lai str. 56601] gb|AAN50713.1|AE011508_10 Heme exporter protein A [Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai str. 56601] NP_713695.1 3.5 22% ...

The multifunctional LigB adhesin binds homeostatic proteins with potential roles in cutaneous infection by pathogenic Leptospira interrogans.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Henry A Choy

Full Text Available Leptospirosis is a potentially fatal zoonotic disease in humans and animals caused by pathogenic spirochetes, such as Leptospira interrogans. The mode of transmission is commonly limited to the exposure of mucous membrane or damaged skin to water contaminated by leptospires shed in the urine of carriers, such as rats. Infection occurs during seasonal flooding of impoverished tropical urban habitats with large rat populations, but also during recreational activity in open water, suggesting it is very efficient. LigA and LigB are surface localized proteins in pathogenic Leptospira strains with properties that could facilitate the infection of damaged skin. Their expression is rapidly induced by the increase in osmolarity encountered by leptospires upon transition from water to host. In addition, the immunoglobulin-like repeats of the Lig proteins bind proteins that mediate attachment to host tissue, such as fibronectin, fibrinogen, collagens, laminin, and elastin, some of which are important in cutaneous wound healing and repair. Hemostasis is critical in a fresh injury, where fibrinogen from damaged vasculature mediates coagulation. We show that fibrinogen binding by recombinant LigB inhibits fibrin formation, which could aid leptospiral entry into the circulation, dissemination, and further infection by impairing healing. LigB also binds fibroblast fibronectin and type III collagen, two proteins prevalent in wound repair, thus potentially enhancing leptospiral adhesion to skin openings. LigA or LigB expression by transformation of a nonpathogenic saprophyte, L. biflexa, enhances bacterial adhesion to fibrinogen. Our results suggest that by binding homeostatic proteins found in cutaneous wounds, LigB could facilitate leptospirosis transmission. Both fibronectin and fibrinogen binding have been mapped to an overlapping domain in LigB comprising repeats 9-11, with repeat 11 possibly enhancing binding by a conformational effect. Leptospirosis

ENCEFALITIS HERPÉTICA EN PREESCOLAR CONFIRMADO POR REACCIÓN EN CADENA DE LA POLIMERASA

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Christian M. Chiara Chilet

2014-01-01

Full Text Available La Encefalitis Herpética (EH es una enfermedad infecciosa del Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC severa, causado casi exclusivamente por el virus Herpes simple(VHS tipo 1, sin tratamiento existe una mortalidad del 70%. Se describe un preescolar diagnosticado de EH confirmado por Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa(RCP en Líquido Cefalorraquídeo (LCR, quien ingresa al Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen(HNGAI con un cuadro clínico progresivo de 23 díasde evolución, caracterizado por fiebre (38.5 °C, trastorno de conciencia, malestar general, movimientos involuntarios y rigidez generalizada. El tratamiento instauradofue Aciclovir por 21 días. El propósito de este caso clínico es dar a conocer que el diagnóstico de EH se basa principalmente en su sospecha en todo pacientecon encefalitis y su confirmación diagnóstica mediante RCP en LCR. El cuadro clínico, los resultados de laboratorio y la imagenología son importantes para eldiagnóstico, tratamiento precoz y el pronóstico.Palabras Clave: Herpes Simple, Encefalitis, Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa, Preescolar

Encapsulación de moléculas pequeñas mediante la precipitación salina de poliuretanos catioméricos

OpenAIRE

Fernández d’Arlas, Borja; Corcuera, María Ángeles; Eceiza, Arantxa

2015-01-01

En este trabajo se estudia un copolímero de poliuretano catiomérico (PU) con alta proporción de uretano como agente encapsulante de fármacos modelos (FM) mediante la encapsulación inducida por precipitación salina del PU y FM a pH < pI del PU. Mediante espectroscopia UV-Vis se ha estimado el porcentaje de encapsulación de varios FMs proponiéndose un modelo semi-empírico para determinar la distribución observada en las eficiencias de encapsulación, E, en función de su volumen molar...

Comparative analysis of lipopolysaccharides of pathogenic and intermediately pathogenic Leptospira species.

Science.gov (United States)

Patra, Kailash P; Choudhury, Biswa; Matthias, Michael M; Baga, Sheyenne; Bandyopadhya, Keya; Vinetz, Joseph M

2015-10-30

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are complex, amphipathic biomolecules that constitute the major surface component of Gram-negative bacteria. Leptospira, unlike other human-pathogenic spirochetes, produce LPS, which is fundamental to the taxonomy of the genus, involved in host-adaption and also the target of diagnostic antibodies. Despite its significance, little is known of Leptospira LPS composition and carbohydrate structure among different serovars. LPS from Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni strain L1-130, a pathogenic species, and L. licerasiae serovar Varillal strain VAR 010, an intermediately pathogenic species, were studied. LPS prepared from aqueous and phenol phases were analyzed separately. L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni has additional sugars not found in L. licerasiae serovar Varillal, including fucose (2.7%), a high amount of GlcNAc (12.3%), and two different types of dideoxy HexNAc. SDS-PAGE indicated that L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni LPS had a far higher molecular weight and complexity than that of L. licerasiae serovar Varillal. Chemical composition showed that L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni LPS has an extended O-antigenic polysaccharide consisting of sugars, not present in L. licerasiae serovar Varillal. Arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose and L-glycero-D-mannoheptose were detected in both the species. Fatty acid analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed the presence of hydroxypalmitate (3-OH-C16:0) only in L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni. Negative staining electron microscopic examination of LPS showed different filamentous morphologies in L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni vs. L. licerasiae serovar Varillal. This comparative biochemical analysis of pathogenic and intermediately pathogenic Leptospira LPS reveals important carbohydrate and lipid differences that underlie future work in understanding the mechanisms of host-adaptation, pathogenicity and vaccine development in leptospirosis.

Ahorro energético mediante estrategias de iluminación natural optimizadas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Puigdomènech Franquesa, Joan

1986-04-01

Full Text Available Electrical charges in buildings and specially in those of commercial use, can be diminished by means of natural lighting strategies. Taking the climate features of our country into consideration, it is necessary to prevent the inconveniences caused by an en erg y excess in summer, so solar Controls are needed. The only practical way to achieve the suitable balance between thermal and light needs, so as to get a monthly or annual energetic balance optimization, is to operate with the computer. A programme with such characteristics is described here. Its application gives important sarings in non renouvable energy savings.Mediante estrategias de iluminación natural es posible disminuir las cargas eléctricas de los edificios y en especial los de uso comercial. Dadas las características climáticas de nuestro país es necesario prever los inconvenientes de un exceso de energía en verano, para lo cual es preciso disponer de controles solares. Encontrar el correcto equilibrio entre las necesidades térmicas y lumínicas en base a la optimización del balance energético mensual o anual es únicamente factible mediante el uso del ordenador. Un programa que responde a estas características es descrito en el presente trabajo, obteniéndose con su aplicación importantes ahorros en el consumo de energías no renovables.

ORF Alignment: NC_000919 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available Carbon storage regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans ... serovar Lai str. 56601] gb|AAN51504.1| Carbo...n storage ... regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans serovar lai str. ... ...r. ... Fiocruz L1-130] sp|Q8EYB0|CSRA_LEPIN Carbon storage ... regulator homolog sp|Q72MJ6|CSRA_

ORF Alignment: NC_006087 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available Carbon storage regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans ... serovar Lai str. 56601] gb|AAN51504.1| Carbo...n storage ... regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans serovar lai str. ... ...r. ... Fiocruz L1-130] sp|Q8EYB0|CSRA_LEPIN Carbon storage ... regulator homolog sp|Q72MJ6|CSRA_

ORF Alignment: NC_006156 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available Carbon storage regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans ... serovar Lai str. 56601] gb|AAN51504.1| Carbo...n storage ... regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans serovar lai str. ... ...r. ... Fiocruz L1-130] sp|Q8EYB0|CSRA_LEPIN Carbon storage ... regulator homolog sp|Q72MJ6|CSRA_

ORF Alignment: NC_002570 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available Carbon storage regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans ... serovar Lai str. 56601] gb|AAN51504.1| Carbo...n storage ... regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans serovar lai str. ... ...r. ... Fiocruz L1-130] sp|Q8EYB0|CSRA_LEPIN Carbon storage ... regulator homolog sp|Q72MJ6|CSRA_

ORF Alignment: NC_003030 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available Carbon storage regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans ... serovar Lai str. 56601] gb|AAN51504.1| Carbo...n storage ... regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans serovar lai str. ... ...r. ... Fiocruz L1-130] sp|Q8EYB0|CSRA_LEPIN Carbon storage ... regulator homolog sp|Q72MJ6|CSRA_

ORF Alignment: NC_004193 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available Carbon storage regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans ... serovar Lai str. 56601] gb|AAN51504.1| Carbo...n storage ... regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans serovar lai str. ... ...r. ... Fiocruz L1-130] sp|Q8EYB0|CSRA_LEPIN Carbon storage ... regulator homolog sp|Q72MJ6|CSRA_

ORF Alignment: NC_001318 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available Carbon storage regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans ... serovar Lai str. 56601] gb|AAN51504.1| Carbo...n storage ... regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans serovar lai str. ... ...r. ... Fiocruz L1-130] sp|Q8EYB0|CSRA_LEPIN Carbon storage ... regulator homolog sp|Q72MJ6|CSRA_

ORF Alignment: NC_000964 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available Carbon storage regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans ... serovar Lai str. 56601] gb|AAN51504.1| Carbo...n storage ... regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans serovar lai str. ... ...r. ... Fiocruz L1-130] sp|Q8EYB0|CSRA_LEPIN Carbon storage ... regulator homolog sp|Q72MJ6|CSRA_

ORF Alignment: NC_005823 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available Carbon storage regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans ... serovar Lai str. 56601] gb|AAN51504.1| Carbo...n storage ... regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans serovar lai str. ... ...r. ... Fiocruz L1-130] sp|Q8EYB0|CSRA_LEPIN Carbon storage ... regulator homolog sp|Q72MJ6|CSRA_

ORF Alignment: NC_004342 [GENIUS II[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available Carbon storage regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans ... serovar Lai str. 56601] gb|AAN51504.1| Carbo...n storage ... regulator csrA [Leptospira interrogans serovar lai str. ... ...r. ... Fiocruz L1-130] sp|Q8EYB0|CSRA_LEPIN Carbon storage ... regulator homolog sp|Q72MJ6|CSRA_

Sensitivity of pathogenic and free-living Leptospira spp. to UV radiation and mitomycin C

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stamm, L.V.; Charon, N.W.

1988-01-01

The habitats for the two major Leptospira spp. differ. The main habitat of L. biflexa is soil and water, whereas L. interrogans primarily resides in the renal tubules of animals. We investigated whether these two species, along with L. illini (species incertae sedis), differ with respect to their sensitivity to UV radiation. The doses of UV resulting in 37, 10 and 1% survival were determined for representive serovars from each species. L. interrogans serovar pomona was 3.0 to 4.8 times more sensitive to UV than the other Leptospira species under the 37, 10, and 1% survival parameters. In comparison to other bacteria, L. interrogans serovar pomona is among the most sensitive to UV. In a qualitative UV sensitivity assay., L. interrogans serovars were found to be in general more sensitive than L. biflexa serovars. All three species were found to have a photoreactivation DNA repair mechanism. Since organisms that are resistant to UV are often resistant to the DNA cross-linking agent mitomycin C, we tested the relative sensitivity of several Leptospira serovars to this compound. With few exceptions, L. biflexa and L. illini serovars were considerably more resistant to mitomycin C than the L. interrogans serovars. The mitomycin C sensitivity assay could be a useful addition to current characterization tests used to differentiate the Leptospira species

Sensitivity of pathogenic and free-living Leptospira spp. to UV radiation and mitomycin C

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stamm, L.V.; Charon, N.W.

1988-03-01

The habitats for the two major Leptospira spp. differ. The main habitat of L. biflexa is soil and water, whereas L. interrogans primarily resides in the renal tubules of animals. We investigated whether these two species, along with L. illini (species incertae sedis), differ with respect to their sensitivity to UV radiation. The doses of UV resulting in 37, 10 and 1% survival were determined for representive serovars from each species. L. interrogans serovar pomona was 3.0 to 4.8 times more sensitive to UV than the other Leptospira species under the 37, 10, and 1% survival parameters. In comparison to other bacteria, L. interrogans serovar pomona is among the most sensitive to UV. In a qualitative UV sensitivity assay., L. interrogans serovars were found to be in general more sensitive than L. biflexa serovars. All three species were found to have a photoreactivation DNA repair mechanism. Since organisms that are resistant to UV are often resistant to the DNA cross-linking agent mitomycin C, we tested the relative sensitivity of several Leptospira serovars to this compound. With few exceptions, L. biflexa and L. illini serovars were considerably more resistant to mitomycin C than the L. interrogans serovars. The mitomycin C sensitivity assay could be a useful addition to current characterization tests used to differentiate the Leptospira species.

Control de la mano robot Inmoov-SR mediante casco NeuroSky Mindset

OpenAIRE

Hernández Martínez, Antonio

2017-01-01

En este trabajo el objetivo es conseguir controlar los movimientos de apertura y cierre de la mano robot InMoov-SR conectada al brazo IRB120 de ABB mediante señales EEG, recogidas por medio del casco NeuroSky Mindset. Las señales son recogidas cuando el sujeto está en estado basal y cuando realiza movimiento con su mano y son procesadas con la ayuda de Matlab para de esta manera conseguir establecer las señales de control necesarias para activar la apertura o el cierre de la mano. Final...

Identification of a novel prophage-like gene cluster actively expressed in both virulent and avirulent strains of Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai.

Science.gov (United States)

Qin, Jin-Hong; Zhang, Qing; Zhang, Zhi-Ming; Zhong, Yi; Yang, Yang; Hu, Bao-Yu; Zhao, Guo-Ping; Guo, Xiao-Kui

2008-06-01

DNA microarray analysis was used to compare the differential gene expression profiles between Leptospira interrogans serovar Lai type strain 56601 and its corresponding attenuated strain IPAV. A 22-kb genomic island covering a cluster of 34 genes (i.e., genes LA0186 to LA0219) was actively expressed in both strains but concomitantly upregulated in strain 56601 in contrast to that of IPAV. Reverse transcription-PCR assays proved that the gene cluster comprised five transcripts. Gene annotation of this cluster revealed characteristics of a putative prophage-like remnant with at least 8 of 34 sequences encoding prophage-like proteins, of which the LA0195 protein is probably a putative prophage CI-like regulator. The transcription initiation activities of putative promoter-regulatory sequences of transcripts I, II, and III, all proximal to the LA0195 gene, were further analyzed in the Escherichia coli promoter probe vector pKK232-8 by assaying the reporter chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activities. The strong promoter activities of both transcripts I and II indicated by the E. coli CAT assay were well correlated with the in vitro sequence-specific binding of the recombinant LA0195 protein to the corresponding promoter probes detected by the electrophoresis mobility shift assay. On the other hand, the promoter activity of transcript III was very low in E. coli and failed to show active binding to the LA0195 protein in vitro. These results suggested that the LA0195 protein is likely involved in the transcription of transcripts I and II. However, the identical complete DNA sequences of this prophage remnant from these two strains strongly suggests that possible regulatory factors or signal transduction systems residing outside of this region within the genome may be responsible for the differential expression profiling in these two strains.

Convertidor buck-boost controlado digitalmente con histeresis cero mediante un dsp; Back-Booost Converter digitally controlled by zero hysteresis method, using DSP

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fredy Edimer Hoyos Velasco

2011-02-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se estudia el comportamiento de un convertidor electrónico en configuración buck-boost. Elobjetivo del controlador es hacer el rastreo de señales sinusoidales usando un controlador con histéresiscero, es decir que el usuario pueda tener a la salida cualquier señal a un nivel más alto de potencia y conla característica que esta señal deseada es regulada variable en frecuencia, en amplitud y forma de onda.El controlador es rápido pues se comprobó en el laboratorio que ante perturbaciones en la carga y en laseñal de referencia, se comporta adecuadamente. Se implementó el convertidor usando un inversormonofásico en configuración de medio puente y se controla el sistema con un prototipo rápido de control(RCP DS1104 en tiempo real. In this work, we analysed the behaviour of a buck-boost electronic converter. The objective of the zerohysteresis controller is to track user defined sinusoidal signals, usually featuring high power level andvariable frequency, amplitude and wave form. The controller was implemented in the laboratory, whereload and reference signal disturbances were introduced. The controller achieved a fast and adequatebehaviour. The converter was implemented using a half bridge monophasic inverter, and a rapid controlprototyping (RCP DS1104 in real time for the control task.

La participación de los trabajadores en el capital social mediante operaciones de asistencia financiera. Especial referencia al art. 81.2 LSA

OpenAIRE

Nieto Rojas, Patricia

2007-01-01

La integración de los trabajadores en el capital social puede ser instrumentada mediante diferentes vías: distribución gratuita de acciones, entrega de opciones sobre acciones o mediante la asistencia financiera para la adquisición de acciones; el objetivo del presente artículo es analizar las implicaciones laborales de este último mecanismo previsto en el artículo 81.2 LSA que exceptúa de la prohibición general de asistencia financiera a los negocios dirigidos a facilitar la adquisición de a...

Películas orgánicas delgadas preparadas mediante diversos métodos: propiedades ópticas, morfológicas y eléctricas

OpenAIRE

Pérez-Morales, M.

2005-01-01

En la presente Memoria se estudia la organización molecular de compuestos orgánicos, tales como derivados de porfirinas y C60, en películas de Langmuir formadas en la interfase aire-agua. Asimismo, se han depositado películas de derivados de porfirina sobre electrodos ITO mediante métodos electroquímicos. Por último, se han estudiado las propiedades fluorescentes de películas de porfirina preparadas mediante diversos métodos, para su posterior aplicación a la preparación de dispositivos elect...

Estudio de la recuperación de cromo hexavalente mediante un reactor electroquímico de compartimentos separados por separadores cerámicos

OpenAIRE

REYES PINEDA, HENRY

2011-01-01

La Tesis Doctoral "Estudio de la recuperación de cromo hexavalente mediante un reactor electroquímico de compartimentos separados por separadores cerámicos" se centra en la posibilidad de recuperación del cromo hexavalente procedente de las disoluciones de mordentado de las industrias de metalizado de plásticos mediante la utilización de un reactor electroquímico de compartimentos separados por separadores cerámicos fabricados a diferente presión y diferente composición de almidón. Con la rec...

Valoración nutricional mediante curvas de crecimiento de la OMS y las clasificaciones de Gómez / Waterlow. Estudio de prevalencia. Cuenca-2015

OpenAIRE

Chacón Abril, Karla Lorena; Segarra Ortega, José Xavier; Lasso Lazo, Rubén Santiago; Huiracocha Tutivén, María de Lourdes

2016-01-01

OBJETIVO:Determinar la prevalencia de malnutrición mediante las curvas de crecimiento (OMS) y de desnutrición según la clasificación Gómez/Waterlow; establecer ventajas y desventajas del empleo de ambos sistemas de clasificación.MÉTODOS:Estudio de prevalencia realizado en el Subcentro de Salud Sinincay, con una población de 737 niños/as registrados en la matriz de vigilancia alimentaria y nutricional (SIVAN) durante Enero-Junio 2015, que identificó la malnutrición infantil mediante el uso de ...

[Detection of leptospira by culture of vitreous humor and detection of antibodies against leptospira in vitreous humor and serum of 225 horses with equine recurrent uveitis].

Science.gov (United States)

Dorrego-Keiter, Elisa; Tóth, József; Dikker, Lieke; Sielhorst, Jutta; Schusser, Gerald Fritz

2016-01-01

In the ongoing discussion regarding the aetiopathogenesis of equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) it was the aim of the present study to elucidate the relationship of leptospira infection and ERU. In a population of 225 horses leptospira were examined in vitreous humor by culture and leptospira antibody were detected in vitreous humor and serum samples. Preoperative serum samples were collected from 221/225 ERU patients of different age, gender and breed. Undiluted vitreous humor was aseptically taken from 198/225 patients that underwent pars plana vitrectomy at the beginning of surgery and from 27/225 patients' eyeball after enucleation: Serum and vitreous humor were tested for specific leptospiral antibodies by microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Furthermore, vitreous humor was examined by culture. 20 patients which were euthanized due to a live-threatening disease other than ERU served as a control group. A total of 127/221 (57.5%) horses had serum antibodies (≥ 1:100). Most frequently antibodies against L. interrogans serovar Grippotyphosa were detected (79/127), followed by L. interrogans serovar lcterohaemorrhagiae (34/127) and L. interrogans serovar Bratislava (29/127). Only 79/225 horses (35.1%) had leptospiral antibodies in vitreous humor, in which L. interrogans serovar Grippotyphosa (67/79) was identified most frequently followed by L. interrogans serovar Pomona (18/79) and L. interrogans serovar lcterohaemorrhagiae (8/79) which was identified as single or multiple reaction. Isolation of leptospira from vitreous humor was positive in 34/212 horses (16%). 10/20 control horses had a positive antibody titer against leptospira in serum and 2/20 horses in vitreous humor, whereas there was no leptospira detected in culture. The result of 84% negative cultures from vitreous humor of 212 ERU patients is decisive for the diagnosis and therapy of ERU.

Superficie específica de una bentonita mediante la adsorción de azul de metileno

OpenAIRE

Pinzón Bello, Jorge Alejo

2010-01-01

Se estudió la determinación de la superficie específica de una bentonita colombiana, procedente del Valle del Cauca, mediante la adsorción de azul de metileno, a 298 K. Este método se comparó con el de la adsorción de nitrógeno a 77 K.

Control mediante modos deslizantes en tiempo discreto para el seguimiento de trayectorias de un robot móvil1

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

P.A. Niño-Suárez

2007-10-01

Full Text Available Resumen: En este trabajo se presenta una estrategia de control en tiempo discreto para el seguimiento de trayectorias de un robot móvil tipo (2,0 controlado remotamente. La estrategia de control se desarrolló mediante un enfoque de modos deslizantes, considerando el modelo discreto exacto del vehículo en el cual se incluyen los efectos del retardo de transporte causado por la propagación de las señales sobre una red de comunicación. El esquema de control garantiza el seguimiento de trayectorias predeterminadas obteniéndose convergencia asintótica de los errores de seguimiento. La estrategia propuesta es evaluada mediante una serie de resultados por simulación. Palabras clave: Robot móvil, retardos de transporte, control en tiempo discreto, modos deslizantes

Manejo sostenible y sustentable de fincas productoras mediante procesos participativos en Sáchica, Boyacá

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Ángel Eduardo Ramírez-Amaya

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Elaborar un proyecto de desarrollo sostenible y sustentable de fincas productoras mediante procesos participativos en el municipio de Sáchica, Boyacá. Materiales y métodos. La investigación se realizó con familias campesinas de la vereda Arrayán Alto, del municipio de Sáchica, Boyacá, mediante la metodología Investigación Acción Participativa (IAP, que se centra en la participación de las comunidades para elaborar propuestas concertadas con ellas. El trabajo se desarrolló en varias fases, que incluyeron un diagnóstico socioeconómico de las familias, capacitaciones y concientización en temas relacionados con la agricultura ecológica y de granjas integrales. Resultados. Se elaboró un plan de trabajo que permitió la construcción de un documento final que ha servido para el apoyo logístico o económico de las entidades gubernamentales locales para la instalación y plantación técnica del cultivo de gulupa con familias de la vereda Arrayán Alto.

EL APRENDIZAJE DE LOS CONCEPTOS DE FUERZAS INTERMOLECULARES E INTRAMOLECULARES MEDIANTE LA MODELIZACIÓN DIDÁCTICA

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CHRISTIAN FERNNEY GIRALDO MACÍAS

2013-07-01

Full Text Available La modelización está siendo usada para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje en las Ciencias Naturales en diferentes contextos y para atender a diferentes problemáticas. En este caso será utilizada para explorar y analizar la relevancia que puede tener su uso en el aprendizaje de los conceptos Fuerzas Intramoleculares e Intermolecualres, partiendo de la aplicación de una serie de actividades basadas en el Ciclo Didáctico (Jorba y Sanmartí, 1996. Los datos se discuten mediante tres aspectos principales: las ideas previas de los estudiantes, el trabajo con nuevo material (nuevos conceptos, experimentos sencillos y uso de herramientas informáticas y los argumentos finales, mediante el uso de situaciones problemas. Los resultados muestran, como los estudiantes (14 y 16 años de edad evidencian un progreso conceptual al argumentar con mayor claridad las situaciones problema abordadas en el transcurso del trabajo y en la construcción de modelos más cercanos al campo científico.

Aplicación de técnicas de electrodeposición mediante pulsos de corriente para la obtención de recubrimientos metálicos

OpenAIRE

Imaz Molina, Naroa

2013-01-01

En la presente tesis doctoral se han aplicado herramientas quimiométricas en el estudio y optimización de los parámetros implicados en la electrodeposición de metales y aleaciones mediante pulsos de corriente, centrando el trabajo en dos procesos determinados: • Cromo duro: con objeto de mejorar la funcionalidad y durabilidad de estos recubrimientos tan extendidos industrialmente, se ha investigado el efecto de la electrodeposición mediante pulsos de corriente...

Atenuación de la asimetría y de la curtosis de las puntuaciones observadas mediante transformaciones de variables: Incidencia sobre la estructura factorial

OpenAIRE

Miguel Ángel Ruiz Díaz; María Noel Rodríguez Ayán

2008-01-01

En este trabajo se evalúa la incidencia de la atenuación, mediante transformaciones de variables, del sesgo y de la curtosis de las puntuaciones observadas, sobre la estructura factorial, estimada mediante análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. Los datos proceden de una escala de opinión estudiantil para la evaluación de profesores universitarios, de 16 ítems medidos en escala Likert. Las distribuciones observadas no se aproximan a la normalidad, por lo que ...

Superficie específica de una bentonita mediante la adsorción de azul de metileno

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Jorge Alejo Pinzón Bello

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Se estudió la determinación de la superficie específica de una bentonita colombiana, procedente del Valle del Cauca, mediante la adsorción de azul de metileno, a 298 K. Este método se comparó con el de la adsorción de nitrógeno a 77 K.

La creación de nuevas reglas técnicas en el IGBM mediante la Programación Genética

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Fernando Fernández Rodríguez

2002-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo analizamos la capacidad de generar beneficios de reglas técnicas creadas mediante la programación genética en el Índice General de la Bolsa de Madrid . Esta nueva técnica, que no es mas que una expansión de los algoritmos genéticos, permite generar nuevas reglas de contratación en bolsa mediante procedimientos de optimización basados en la selección natural darwiniana. Se comparará los rendimientos obtenidos con la sencilla estrategia de comprar y mantener así como con las reglas basadas en medias móviles más comúnmente usadas en los mercados.

Recubrimientos metálicos sobre alúmina mediante procesos de reducción autocatalítica

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Gómez de Salazar, J. M.

2000-10-01

Full Text Available In this work, a method for obtaining copper coating on alumina is described. One of the main applications for this coating is in the electronic industry, although it can be used as well as interlayer for dissimilar bonding between metals and alumina, both by solid state joining and by active brazing. The optimal activation conditions for the alumina using Ni salts and the influence of the surface preparation on the copper coating characteristic are described. The coating application is based on an autocatalithic reduction method. The influence of the deposition rate on the adherence of the copper coating has been studied as well. A kinetic study was carried out applying gravimetric and electrochemical methods. To obtaining coating with high adherence, it was necessary to apply heat treatments after the metallization process. The main objective of them was to achieve a chemical bond between the alumina substrate and the copper coating by formation of Al-Cu spinels, instead of the single mechanical bond.

En el presente trabajo se describe un método de obtención de recubrimientos de cobre sobre un cerámico tenaz como es la alúmina. Una de sus principales aplicaciones se encuentra en la industria electrónica, aunque también puede ser empleado como intermediario en la fabricación de uniones disimilares entre un metal y un cerámico mediante técnicas de unión en estado sólido o en soldadura fuerte reactiva. Se describen las condiciones óptimas de activación de la alúmina mediante sales de Ni, y la influencia que posee la preparación superficial de este substrato (Al2O3 sobre las capas de Cu obtenidas. Este proceso se realiza mediante reducción autocatalítica, habiéndose estudiado como influye la velocidad de deposición sobre la adherencia de la capa de cobre. También se realizaron estudios cinéticos del proceso de recubrimiento mediante ensayos gravimétricos y electroquímicos. Con el fin de obtener recubrimientos que

Tratamiento del polvo de aluminio mediante disolución acuosa

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López, F. A.

2004-10-01

Full Text Available Aluminium dust from aluminium remelting industry is a hazardous residue because of its high reactivity in the presence of water. In order to apply the new European Directive about landfill of waste, a study of its hydrolysis was carried out. The influence of temperature, time and pH on the hydrolysis of the aluminium dust was studied. The hydrolysed solids were characterized by XRD and AAS; in the aqueous solutions the pH and the ionic conductivity were determined. The evolved gases were analysed by mass spectrometry. The reactivity of the dust, before and after hydrolysis, was investigated by analysing the ammonia, hydrogen sulphide and metallic aluminium. By hydrolysis at 60 °C and 48 h a much lower reactive material was obtained which could be disposed with minimal environmental impact.

El polvo de aluminio es un residuo generado en la metalurgia secundaria del aluminio y considerado peligroso como consecuencia de su elevada reactividad en presencia de humedad. Con objetivo de buscar un procedimiento de pretratamiento de dicho residuo, de acuerdo con la Directiva Europea sobre vertederos, se ha realizado el estudio del comportamiento del polvo de aluminio en medio acuoso. Para ello, se han analizado la influencia de la temperatura, el tiempo y el pH de reacción en su hidrólisis. Los sólidos hidrolizados se caracterizaron mediante EAA y DRX, mientras que en las soluciones acuosas resultantes se determinaron el pH y la conductividad iónica. Los gases liberados durante el proceso de hidrólisis se analizaron mediante espectrometría de masas. Asimismo, se ha determinado la reactividad del residuo antes y después de la hidrólisis, analizando amoniaco, sulfuro de hidrógeno y aluminio metálico. La hidrólisis, a 60 °C y después de 48 h, permite obtener material de muy baja reactividad que podría ser almacenado en vertedero.

Desarrollo de un escáner 3D mediante cámaras estereoscópicas e iluminación láser

OpenAIRE

Cristina, Federico; Dapoto, Sebastián H.; Vegas, Javier; Artola, Verónica; Russo, Claudia Cecilia; Abásolo Guerrero, María José

2007-01-01

Los dispositivos de escaneo tridimensional permiten obtener modelos de objetos utilizando distintas técnicas de captura. Esta tarea puede ser llevada a cabo por ejemplo mediante estereovisión, el cual es un método de reconstrucción 3D a partir de fotografías. Las técnicas de reconstrucción 3D mediante luz se basan en la proyección de un patrón de luz conocido sobre una escena y a partir del análisis de la proyección puede deducirse la forma de los objetos. De esta manera, basándose en la info...

In Vivo-Expressed Proteins of Virulent Leptospira interrogans Serovar Autumnalis N2 Elicit Strong IgM Responses of Value in Conclusive Diagnosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Raja, Veerapandian; Shanmughapriya, Santhanam; Kanagavel, Murugesan; Artiushin, Sergey C; Velineni, Sridhar; Timoney, John F; Natarajaseenivasan, Kalimuthusamy

2016-01-01

Leptospirosis is a serious zoonosis that is underdiagnosed because of limited access to laboratory facilities in Southeast Asia, Central and South America, and Oceania. Timely diagnosis of locally distributed serovars of high virulence is crucial for successful care and outbreak management. Using pooled patient sera, an expression gene library of a virulent Leptospira interrogans serovar Autumnalis strain N2 isolated in South India was screened. The identified genes were characterized, and the purified recombinant proteins were used as antigens in IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) either singly or in combination. Sera (n = 118) from cases of acute leptospirosis along with sera (n = 58) from healthy subjects were tested for reactivity with the identified proteins in an ELISA designed to detect specific IgM responses. We have identified nine immunoreactive proteins, ArgC, RecA, GlpF, FliD, TrmD, RplS, RnhB, Lp28.6, and Lrr44.9, which were found to be highly conserved among pathogenic leptospires. Apparently, the proteins ArgC, RecA, GlpF, FliD, TrmD, and Lrr44.9 are expressed during natural infection of the host and undetectable in in vitro cultures. Among all the recombinant proteins used as antigens in IgM ELISA, ArgC had the highest sensitivity and specificity, 89.8% and 95.5%, respectively, for the conclusive diagnosis of leptospirosis. The use of ArgC and RecA in combination for IgM ELISA increased the sensitivity and specificity to 95.7% and 94.9%, respectively. ArgC and RecA thus elicited specific IgM responses and were therefore effective in laboratory confirmation of Leptospira infection. Copyright © 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Análisis de la biodiversidad de macroinvertebrados bentónicos del Río Cunas mediante indicadores ambientales, Junín - Perú

OpenAIRE

Custodio Villanueva, María

2013-01-01

El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar el estado de la biodiversidad de macroinvertebrados bentónicos del río Cunas mediante indicadores ambientales. Se utilizaron los métodos de observación, descripción y explicación; el tipo de investigación es básica y el diseño no experimental, de tipo longitudinal. Se definieron tres sectores de muestreo, San Blas, Huarisca y La Perla. La valoración de las presiones antrópicas se realizó mediante la determinación de DBO5 aportada por aguas residual...

Análisis de la biodiversidad de macroinvertebrados bentónicos del río Cunas mediante indicadores ambientales, Junín-Perú

OpenAIRE

María Custodio Villanueva; Fernán Cosme Chanamé Zapata

2016-01-01

El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar el estado de la biodiversidad de macroinvertebrados bentónicos del río Cunas mediante indicadores ambientales. Se definieron tres sectores de muestreo en dos épocas contrastantes. La valoración de las presiones antrópicas se realizó mediante la determinación de la carga de DBO5 aportada por aguas residuales. Se colectaron muestras de agua para la determinación de nitratos, fosfatos y coliformes termotolerantes. Los indicadores medidos in situ fuero...

Fomento de la conciencia ambiental mediante el blog UNAECOLÓGICA

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Nereidy Velásquez

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El propósito del artículo es presentar una propuesta para fomentar la conciencia ambiental mediante el uso del blog. En este trabajo se organizaron los referentes teóricos relacionados con la educación ambiental y con la web, la cual constituye un espacio que ofrece información consistente y veraz sobre cualquier temática. El blog UNAECOLÓGICA es una propuesta que se crea con el fin de generar espacios para la comunicación, la interacción, la construcción del conocimiento ambiental y estimular en la comunidad unista la participación, la empatía y la solidaridad hacia su entorno.  Entre algunas de las secciones que presenta UNAECOLÓGICA, se encuentran: Notiambiente, Literambiente, Ecorelatos. Ecofrases, entre otras.

Control de costos mediante el análisis de valor ganado : caso aplicativo

OpenAIRE

Prado Ponce, Eduard Javier; Prado Ponce, Eduard Javier; Prado Ponce, Eduard Javier

2015-01-01

El control de costos y el control de plazos son muy importantes ya que pueden dar como resultados informes que permitan aplicar planes correctivos e incluso preventivos si se analizan con suficiente antelación. Existen empresas que se dedican a la construcción de obras civiles, que actualmente carece de un proceso para la planificación y control en la ejecución de obra, debido a ello surge la necesidad de desarrollar una metodología que permita a la empresa optimizar sus recursos mediante ...

Detección facial y reconocimiento anímico mediante las expresiones faciales

OpenAIRE

BARTUAL GONZÁLEZ, RAQUEL

2017-01-01

The project is based on the software development elaborated with the program LabView. The mentioned program aims to detect people's faces in a video, as well as their genre and mood state. El proyecto se basa en el desarrollo de un software elaborado con el programa LabView. Dicho programa pretende detectar la cara de las personas en un vídeo, así como su género y su estado de ánimo. Bartual González, R. (2017). Detección facial y reconocimiento anímico mediante las expresiones faciales...

Metalgoritmo de optimización combinatoria mediante la exploración de grafos.

OpenAIRE

Pastor, Rafael

1999-01-01

Actualmente, aunque existen procedimientos específicos para resolver de forma óptima algunos problemas concretos de optimización combinatoria, la mayoría se deben solucionar con técnicas generales de exploración del espacio de soluciones, y más concretamente mediante procedimientos de exploración enumerativos en árboles y grafos de búsqueda.Se analizan los procedimientos de este tipo expuestos en la literatura, tanto en el área de la investigación operativa como en el de la inteligencia artif...

Análisis de la utilidad de la olfatogustometría mediante BAST-24 en la población diabética y su relación con la función renal

OpenAIRE

Gascón Rubio, María Cristina

2014-01-01

157 p. : il., graf. Realizamos un estudio descriptivo observacional del sentido del olfato mediante el test BAST-24 de la población diabética. Valoramos su función renal mediante determinaciones analíticas.

Aspectos por considerar para una efectiva integración universitaria mediante las nuevas tecnologías. Una perspectiva desde la sociología de las organizaciones

OpenAIRE

Cordero, Aleska

2008-01-01

En el presente artículo se desarrollan algunas ideas y consideraciones por tomar en cuenta, desde el enfoque organizacional, para fundamentar una efectiva integración iberoamericana entre las instituciones universitarias mediante el uso de las nuevas tecnologías. Se presentan ciertos conceptos provenientes de la teoría organizacional (cultura organizacional, cultura profesional, resistencia al cambio) mediante los cuales es posible abordar el análisis de los problemas que se plantean en las i...

PROPUESTA DE CONEXIÓN DE ENTORNOS IPv6 MEDIANTE UN BACKBONE MPLS/IPv4

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Nancy Yaneth Gelvez García

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Las redes actuales MPLS/IPv4 presentan las ventajas de poder implementar ingeniería de tráfico, así como realizar diferenciación de flujos mediante clases de servicio (CoS frente a las redes con enrutamiento IP tradicional. En aras de aprovechar cualidades estratégicas durante la etapa de coexistencia entre IPv4 e IPv6 existen 4 métodos para proveer conectividad a islas IPv6 [1] remotas a través de una infraestructura de core MPLS con IPv4 nativo [2], sin embargo una de las formas que permite un rápida y fácil provisión de la misma dados los mínimos requisitos de configuración y de equipos es la de disponer túneles IPv6 en los enrutadores de acceso (CE de la red. No obstante, sus cuatro variantes (manual, GRE, 6to4 e IPv6 compatible IPv4 [3] resultan adecuadas o no según las características inherentes de la red a interconectar; por tanto este artículo presenta las ventajas y desventajas propias de la utilización de cada técnica de entunelamiento como resultado de la interconexión con los cuatro tipos de túneles de una red emulada mediante GNS3+Dynamips.

DIMENSIONAMIENTO DE UN SISTEMA DE ENERGÍA TERMOSOLAR MEDIANTE EL USO DE UN MODELO

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Arturo Daniel Alarcón Rodríguez

2004-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo se expone el método de dimensionamiento de sistemas termosolares mediante el uso de un modelo matemático. Este método es comúnmente usado debido que es simple, flexible pero a la vez muy potente. La simulación del sistema termosolar se realiza en base a un modelo matemático que describe los fenómenos térmicos que ocurren mediante un conjunto de ecuaciones diferenciales. Los parámetros que determinan el modelo son coeficientes de intercambio de calor entre los elementos del sistema, parámetros que representan las características de los componentes del sistema termosolar y parámetros que representan las condiciones en las que trabajará el sistema. Estos parámetros se determinan en base a recomendaciones de bibliografía, observaciones, mediciones de campo y correlaciones adecuadas. El uso de un modelo para el dimensionamiento de un sistema termosolar resulta una herramienta muy útil, ya que se adapta a distintas configuraciones de sistemas termosolares. Permite asimismo, tener una idea bastante aproximada del comportamiento del sistema termosolar en distintas condiciones de uso, la que sólo podría obtenerse a través de experimentos físicos complicados y por ende costosos.

Diseño e implementación de un sistema de seguridad vehicular mediante reconocimiento facial a través de visión artificial

OpenAIRE

Cajas Idrovo, Marco Vinicio; Viri Ávila, Pablo Andrés

2017-01-01

El documento consiste en un sistema de seguridad antirrobo de vehículos basado en visión artificial mediante varias técnicas de reconocimiento facial, el cual permite el encendido y la conducción de personas autorizadas previamente establecida en una base de datos y niega el acceso a otras personas haciendo sonar alarmas, esto se logra mediante la activación del relé de la bomba de gasolina, el reconocimiento se lo hace cada cierto tiempo para a cada momento verificar la identidad de la perso...

Evaluación genotóxica, mediante la prueba de micronúcleos, de la exposición a drogas psicoactivas en individuos del suroccidente colombiano

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LS. Hoyos

2001-07-01

genotóxico de estas drogas mediante la prueba de Micronúcleos (Mn, que identifica fragmentos cromosómicos o cromosomas enteros excluidos del núcleo celular y que es un biomarcador temprano de exposición e indicador de riesgo incrementado de cáncer. El objetivo de este estudio fue: evaluar el daño genético inducido por el consumo de drogas psicoactivas mediante cuantificación de micronúcleos en linfocitos binucleados de sangre periférica de individuos consumidores y no c onsumidores.

Caracterización de polipropileno con fibra de vidrio y policarbonato/acrilonitrilo butadieno estireno microespumados mediante moldeo por inyección MuCell®

OpenAIRE

Rojas Jiménez, Ana

2016-01-01

El proyecto tiene como objetivo el análisis morfológico y de propiedades mecánicas de placas de polipropileno con fibra de vidrio (PP-GF30) y de policarbonato/acrilonitrilo butadieno estireno (PC/ABS), inyectadas mediante microespumación física (MuCell®). Este proyecto se enmarca dentro de un estudio más amplio que tiene como objetivo la comparación entre dos métodos de espumado físico mediante moldeo por inyección: el proceso MuCell® y un nuevo proceso del grupo Volkswagen...

"DETECCIÓN DE TRASTORNO DE DEFICIT DE ATENCIÓN MEDIANTE LA ESCALA DE CONNERS EN NIÑOS 6 A 9 AÑOS DE EDAD"

OpenAIRE

Cancino Estrada, Yurixhi

2012-01-01

Antecedentes: el TDAH es la enfermedad psiquiátrica crónica más frecuente en la edad pediátrica. Su prevalencia es del 3 al 5%. No existe una encuesta única para sospechar TDAH, una de ellas es la escala de Conners, al detectar oportunamente a estos niños e iniciar tratamiento, se disminuye fracaso escolar y rechazo social. Objetivo: detectar TDAH mediante la escala de Conners en niños de 6 a 9 años de edad. Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo mediante aplicación de l...

Representación del Conocimiento en curriculo mediante esquemas preconceptuales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Mario Zapata

2011-09-01

Full Text Available El concepto de currículo se torna más y más complejo en tanto aparecen nuevos estudios que lo complementan. Como consecuencia, los modelos que, gráfica o formalmente, tratan de representar el conocimiento alrededor del currículo se ocupan cada vez más de aspectos locales, de este modo le restan generalidad de comprensión. Por ello, en este artículo de investigación se realiza una revisión acerca de los diferentes enfoques del currículo a lo largo del siglo XX y de los modelos que representan este concepto. Finalmente, se propone una representación integradora de las diferentes visiones de currículo mediante los denominados esquemas preconceptuales, que consisten en diagramas para la representación del conocimiento cercanos al lenguaje natural

Future PMP Estimation in Korea under AR5 RCP 8.5 climate change scenarios and its Changes Cause Analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, S.; Lee, J.; Okjeong, L.; Bogyeong, C.; Park, M. W.

2015-12-01

In this presentation, Korea's probable maximum precipitations (PMPs) which reflects all of the storm data until recently are calculated, and are compared to the existing PMPs which were calculated at 2000. In Korea, abnormal weather phenomena such as typhoon Rusa and Maemi, and the extreme rainfall event occurred on the east coast of the northern region, that can have a significant impact on the PMP estimation, have frequently happened since 2000. After selecting 240 major storm events from 1973 to 2012, new PMPs are proposed with respect to storm areas (25, 100, 225, 400, 900, 2025, 4900, 10000 and 19600 km2) and storm durations (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24, 48 and 72 hours) using the Korea hydro-meteorological method. After estimating future PMPs using future rainfall and dew point temperature information under the Korea Meteorological Administration AR5 RCP 8.5, changes in the PMPs under climate change will be investigated by comparison with present and future PMPs. By separating the changes in PMPs under climate change into the changes caused by rainfall and dew point temperature, the relative impact of future rainfall and dew point temperature information under climate change on future PMPs is quantified. This research was supported by a grant 'Development of the Evaluation Technology for Complex Causes of Inundation Vulnerability and the Response Plans in Coastal Urban Areas for Adaptation to Climate Change' [MPSS-NH-2015-77] from the Natural Hazard Mitigation Research Group, Ministry of Public Safety and Security of Korea.

Fabricación aditiva mediante sinterizado láser de polvos de acero inoxidable martensítico AISI 420

OpenAIRE

Vega Nava, Sergio

2014-01-01

Busqueda de los parámetros de fabricación adecuados y los tratamientos térmicos a realizar, con el fin de alcanzar durezas de 50 HRC y una adecuada porosidad, en el acero inoxidable AISI 420 obtenido mediante sinterizado láser.

Clasificación automática mediante la CDU con el procedimiento en cadena

OpenAIRE

San Segundo Manuel, Rosa

2002-01-01

Actas de las I Jornadas de Tratamiento y Recuperación de Información (JOTRI), Valencia, España, 4-5 julio 2002 Se entiende por clasificación automática el proceso de agrupar según el contenido las referencias de los documentos o bien los propios documentos electróneos. Este proceso se realiza mediante programas capaces de comparar términos empleados utilizados en el documento. E incluso hay otras formas automáticas de clasificación que emplean procedimientos auto...

Diminuição da fragilidade osmótica eritrocitária na leptospirose canina

OpenAIRE

Santoro, Marcelo L.; Kogika, Marcia M.; Hagiwara, Mitika K.; Mirandola, Regina M. S.; Castelar, Izaura L. C. G.

1994-01-01

Erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) was carried out in nineteen dogs naturally infected by Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae/copenhagi. A decreased EOF was observed, suggesting a modification of erythrocyte components secondary to disturbances that occur during canine leptospirosis, such as renal damage and hepatic disease.A fragilidade osmótica eritrocitária foi estudada em dezenove cães infectados naturalmente pela Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae/copenhag...

Mejoramiento de propiedades mecánicas y tribológicas en herramientas industriales mediante aplicación de recubrimientos multicapa de TiN/ZrN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maryory Astrid Gómez

2010-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo se depositaron recubrimientos multicapa de TiN/ZrN con 10 bicapas y recubrimientos monocapa de TiN y ZrN mediante pulverización catódica magnetrón r.f. Además, el recubrimiento multicapa se aplicó en fresadoras y se evaluó su desempeño en términos de vida útil de la herramienta. Los recubrimientos se caracterizaron a escala de laboratorio mediante difracción de rayos X, microscopía de fuerza atómica, microdureza Knoop, pruebas de desgaste mediante CaloTest y medidas de adhesión por la prueba de rayado. El recubrimiento multicapa superó a los recubrimientos monocapa en resistencia al desgaste, dureza superficial y carga crítica soportada. La adhesión mostrada por todos los recubrimientos fue muy buena como para ser considerados recubrimientos para aplicaciones industriales. Se incrementó la vida útil de fresas industriales en un 54,1 % con la aplicación del recubrimiento multicapa.

Deteccion de Chlamydia trachomatis en muestras uretrales mediante inmunofluorescencia directa Detecção de Chlamydia trachomatis em amostras uretrais mediante imunofluorescência direta Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in urethral samples by means of direct immunofluorescence

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Myra Wilson Schuster

1989-12-01

Full Text Available Se estudiaron 82 pacientes con uretritis para la búsqueda de Chlamydia trachomatis mediante inmunofluorescencia directa, Neisscria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplastna y Ureaplasma mediante métodos estándar. Se encontró un 19,5% de Chlamydia trachomatis y en 11 de ellos (68,8% se encontró asociada a otras bacterias y estos pacientes presentó una secreción escasa-gelatinosa.Em 82 doentes com uretrite foi pesquisada a presença de Chlamydia trachomatis, utilizando a prova da imunofluorescência direta, e de Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma e Ureaplasma, utilizando os métodos padrões. Ch. trachomatis foi encontrada em 19,5% dos casos, sendo que em 11 deles (68,8% observou-se associação entre Chlamydia e as outras bactérias pesquisadas. Nesses pacientes observou-se presença de secreção uretral escassa e de aspecto gelatinoso.The presence of Chlamydia trachomatis was studied by the direct immunofluorescence test, as also was that of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma by the standard methods, in 82 patients with urethral discharge. Ch. trachomatis was found in 19.5% (16 of the cases and in 11 of them (68.8% there was association with the other bacteria investigated. This eleven patients presented a scanty gelatinous discharge.

Predicción del color y contenido de humedad en café cerezo mediante redes neuronales y regresión de mínimos cuadrados parciales

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Wilson Manuel Castro Silupu

2015-12-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación se enfocó en el desarrollo de modelos de predicción del color en coordenadas CIELab y el contenido de humedad de café cerezo mediante la tecnología de imágenes hiperespectrales; comparando el ajuste por un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple – PLSR (Partialleastsquareregression y un modelo no lineal (ANN – artiftial neural network. La muestra se conformó de 200 granos de café cerezo en diferentes estados de madurez, dividiéndola en 120 granos para calibración y 80 de validación.La  muestra fue caracterizada mediante colorimetría en el espacio CIELab y determinación de la humedad. Posteriormente se adquirieron imágenes hiperespectrales de cada granos y se almacenaron en formato *.bil. El procesamiento de las imágenes se realizó mediante un sistema desarrollado e implementado en el software matemático Matlab 2010a, mediante funciones *.m e interfaces de usuario (GUIs. Se desarrollaron modelos de ajuste para cada una de las coordenadas de color y el contenido de humedad, calculándose los coeficientes de correlación en calibración y validación. Los resultados mostraron que las redes neuronales tienen un mayor ajuste en calibración con coeficientes de correlación superiores a 0,90 mientras que el PLSR genero coeficientes entre 0,42 y 0,48.

Medida de la dureza de sólidos mediante nanoindentación

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Alkorta, J.

2005-10-01

Full Text Available Hardness is not readily measurable by means of instrumented indentation since the value of the contact area depends on the pile-up or sink-in occurring near the contact surface of the sample. The most widespread method to estimate it by means of the loading/unloading curve of indentation, Oliver and Pharr’s method, deviates, in the extreme cases, up to a 25% from the real values since it only takes into account the elastic deflection. In this work, a new correction based on Oliver and Pharr’s method is proposed that agrees with the numerical calculations. Plastic hardening behaviour of the sample must be known to accurately estimate the contact area.

La medida de la dureza mediante indentación con registro de carga y desplazamiento no es evidente, dada la incertidumbre sobre el tamaño de huella debido al levantamiento (pile-up o hundimiento (sink-in plásticos de la superficie de la muestra alrededor del indentador. El método más utilizado para la medida de la dureza mediante la curva de carga/descarga de indentación, el de Oliver y Pharr, sólo tiene en cuenta hundimiento elástico, por lo que el error en la medida de la dureza y el módulo de Young puede llegar hasta un 25% en los casos más extremos. En el presente trabajo se discute una posible corrección al método de Oliver y Pharr para una obtención más ajustada del área de contacto de la huella. Esta corrección requiere de un conocimiento a priori o a posteriori del comportamiento plástico del material.

Indicadores de eficiencia relativa del proceso de gestión de crédito en un banco colombiano, mediante análisis envolvente de datos (DEA)

OpenAIRE

Sánchez-Gooding, Sandra Paola; Rodríguez-Lozano, Gloria Isabel

2016-01-01

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo medir la eficiencia relativa de las unidades que participan en el proceso de gestión de crédito de un banco colombiano, mediante la utilización del análisis envolvente de datos (Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA). Mediante un doble proceso de optimización, esta metodología de programación lineal avanzada genera un único índice de eficiencia relativa para cada una de las unidades estudiadas, aunque es capaz de incluir múltiples recursos y múltiples salidas....

Evaluacion de competencias mediante prácticas dirigidas sobre proyectos de edificación

OpenAIRE

Castilla, Franciso; Castilla, Franciso; Sanz, David; González, Jesús; Pérez, Víctor

2011-01-01

La Búsqueda de herramientas eficaces para la evaluación de competencias transversales, comunes a diferentes asignaturas de un mismo plan de estudios, es uno de los pilares del nuevo Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior. El trabajo que aquí se presenta pretende mostrar las experiencias realizadas en primer curso del Grado en Ingeniería de Edificación en la Escuela Politécnica de Cuenca mediante prácticas dirigidas sobre edificios y proyectos de edificación. El objetivo principal es obtener...

Estudio mediante resonancia magnética de efectos pretransicionales en cristales líquidos

OpenAIRE

Vaca Chavez, Fabián

2002-01-01

Tesis (Doctor en Física)--Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física, 2002. Se presenta el estudio mediante la técnica de Resonancia Magnética Nuclear de los efectos pretransicionales en diferentes fases de cristales líquidos termotrópicos y liotrópicos. Estos compuestos son materia de innumerables trabajos tanto teóricos como experimentales, debido a que son materiales extremadamente interesantes por sus aplicaciones tecnológicas, ópticas y biológicas. Se...

CONTROL ROBUSTO DE UN SISTEMA MECÁNICO SIMPLE MEDIANTE UNA HERRAMIENTA GRAFICA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

LUINI HURTADO CORTÉS

2010-01-01

Full Text Available en este artículo se presenta el diseño de un controlador robusto para un sistema masaresorteamortiguador . Con el fin de realizar un diseño simple, se tomó en cuenta únicamente la incertidumbre en los parámetros de la planta. Los cálculos del problema se realizaron con una interfaz gráfica desarrollada para el diseño de controladores robustos, disponible para la Toolbox de Control Robusto de Matlab Ò . Se pretende que este ejercicio sirva como tutorial de introducción al análisis y diseño de sistemas de control robusto mediante el uso de la interfaz gráfica.

DETECCIÓN DEL DISCO ÓPTICO EN RETINOGRAFÍAS MEDIANTE UNA ESTRATEGIA EVOLUTIVA (µ+λ

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Germán Sánchez Torres

Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta un procedimiento para la detección del disco óptico (DO en retinografías, mediante un algoritmo evolutivo. El procedimiento tiene dos etapas principales: la detección gruesa de la posición del DO y el refinamiento de los bordes del contorno. La detección gruesa ubica la posición del DO mediante un algoritmo evolutivo, cuyos individuos tienen como función objetivo la cantidad de píxeles brillantes y el número de bordes de la red de conductos sanguíneos, contenidos dentro de una circunferencia. La etapa de refinamiento aplica un procedimiento geométrico, para deformar el círculo inicial, ajustando el borde de éste con la posición del píxel de mayor variación en dirección al vector normal. El procedimiento fue evaluado empleando los repositorios públicos STARE y DIAREDB, procesando imágenes de pacientes sanos y con alteraciones de las retina, generadas por la presencia de retinopatía diabética. Los resultados experimentales muestran que el método propuesto puede identificar la posición del disco óptico en retinografías con una precisión cercana al 96 %.

RCP01: a Monte Carlo program for solving neutron and photon transport problems in three-dimensional geometry with detailed energy description (LWBR development program). [For CDC-6600 and -7600, in FORTRAN

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Candelore, N R; Gast, R C; Ondis, II, L A

1978-08-01

The RCP01 Monte Carlo program for the CDC-7600 and CDC-6600 performs fixed source or eigenfunction neutron reaction rate calculations, or photon reaction rate calculations, for complex geometries. The photon calculations may be linked to the neutron reaction rate calculations. For neutron calculations, the full energy range is treated as required for neutron birth by the fission process and the subsequent neutron slowing down and thermalization, i.e., 10 MeV to 0 eV; for photon calculations the same energy range is treated. The detailed cross sections required for the neutron or photon collision processes are provided by RCPL1. This report provides details of the various types of neutron and photon starts and collisions, the common geometry tracking, and the input required. 37 figures, 1 table.

Análisis de vulnerabilidad mediante modelamiento hidrodinámico del cauce del río seco del Cono Sur de la ciudad de Tacna

OpenAIRE

Frisancho Camero, Felix Ladislao

2015-01-01

La cuenca del río Seco tiene un área de 1 106,49 Km2 y una cuenca húmeda de 344,74 Km2, contando con el aporte de tres sub cuencas: Caplina , Palca y Vilavilani Yungane. Se analizó las variables del estudio, siendo la población que habita en la zona, infraestructura urbana y la hidrología y geología de la cuenca. Mediante el análisis de frecuencias se estimaron las precipitaciones, intensidades o caudales máximos, para diferentes períodos de retorno, mediante la aplicación de modelos probabil...

Promoción de salud y prevención de adicciones en adolescentes mediante la actividad física y el arte : Proyecto Faro

OpenAIRE

Tarducci, Gabriel Omar; Butler Tau, Gabriela; Gárgano, Sofía; Gandini, Agustina; Lencina, Gustavo; Biera, Rosa; Valle, Mara; Ciochini, Patricia; Olmedo, Teresa Inés; Villa, María Eugenia; Berdula, Lorena Irene; Díaz, Hernán; Sánchez Olguín, Gerardo

2015-01-01

El Proyecto Faro se lleva a cabo a mediante la Cátedra de Teoría de la práctica artística de la Facultad de Bellas Artes y la Cátedra Seminario de actividad física para la salud de la facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación de la UNLP. Mediante este proyecto se desarrollaron guías de promoción de salud y prevención de adicciones destinadas a adolescentes para ser utilizadas a nivel escolar y extraescolar. Objetivo: Potenciar la salud con especial énfasis en la prevención de adiccio...

Diagnóstico de fallas en el sistema de lubricación de un motor de combustión interna a gasolina Hyundai Accent DOHC 1.5L mediante análisis de vibraciones

OpenAIRE

Buestán Ramírez, Christian Santiago; Jarama Herrera, Carlos Teodoro

2016-01-01

En este documento se presenta el diagnóstico de fallas en el sistema de lubricación de un motor de combustión interna Hyundai Accent 1.5L mediante análisis de vibraciones, en el cual mediante el uso de un diseño experimental se adquirió las señales vibroacústicas, las que fueron procesadas mediante la Transformada de Fourier; para el posterior análisis de resultados por Comparación Espectral y Análisis de Componentes Principales (ACP). This research presents the fault diagnosis in the lubr...

Detección Molecular de Toxinas Termoestable y Termolabil de Escherichia coli mediante Hibridación

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Isabel Arias B

2002-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Identificar mediante el método de hibridización por colony blot las toxinas de Escherichia coli enterotoxigénica y relacionar los resultados con los serotipos encontrados. Materiales y métodos: se evaluaron todas las cepas de E. Coli recolectadas en el Hospital de Emergencias Pediátricas de Lima durante los meses de diciembre de 1998 - abril 1999. Se usaron dos sendas de ADN que identificaban el gen de la toxina termolábil (LT y el de la toxina termoestable (ST Para la detección de los serotipos se usaron 22 antisueros de diferentes categorías de E. coli. Resultados: se encontraron 233 cepas de E. coli, 27,9% de E. coli poseían el gen LT, 3,0% el gen ST y 1,3% tenían ambos. Conclusiones: los serotipos y la presencia de los genes LT y ST no necesariamente tienen relación, demostrándose que la identificación serológica es importante en el estudio epidemiológico de diarreas causadas por E. coli debiéndose confirmar la identificación de las categorías patogénicas mediante la detección de factores de virulencia.

Valoración de las aguas residuales mediante procedimientos analíticos y biológicos

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M. Carballo

2002-06-01

Full Text Available Ciertos procedimientos, basados en aproximaciones analíticas y biológicas, están demostrando ser útiles en la valoración del riesgo de las aguas residuales urbanas procedentes de las Plantas de Tratamiento. Estos efluentes, considerados “mezclas complejas”, compuestos por sustancias de muy diferente naturaleza, origen y características toxicológicas y medio ambientales, requieren una valoración realista. Con el fin de colaborar al conocimiento de una parte de la realidad de nuestro país, presentamos un estudio sobre once depuradoras urbanas en las que se ha realizado un perfil de compuestos orgánicos y una valoración toxicológica mediante tests de toxicidad agudos, crónicos, de estrogenicidad, mutagenicidad y teratogenia. Los resultados muestran que 7 efluentes presentan toxicidad aguda, 3 toxicidad crónica y 4 estrogenicidad. Destacamos el hecho de que los 4 efluentes que presentan estrogenicidad, poseen al menos 3 de las sustancias estrogénicas detectadas mediante el perfil cromatográfico. Este tipo de consideraciones nos hace reflexionar sobre la necesidad de incorporar este tipo de metodologías para disponer de un conocimiento más realista de estas situaciones.

Ciberacoso mediante teléfono móvil e Internet en las relaciones de noviazgo entre jóvenes

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Roberto Martínez Pecino

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El ciberacoso es un fenómeno ampliamente analizado entre adolescentes, sin embargo en España ha sido poco estudiado entre jóvenes y particularmente en sus relaciones de noviazgo. Empleando una metodología cuantitativa este estudio analiza el ciberacoso mediante el teléfono móvil e Internet en las relaciones de noviazgo en una muestra compuesta por 336 estudiantes universitarios. El análisis de resultados indica que un 57,2% declara haber sido victimizado por su pareja mediante el teléfono móvil, y un 27,4% a través de Internet. El porcentaje de chicos victimizados fue mayor que el de las chicas. Un 47,6% declara haber acosado a su pareja a través del teléfono móvil, y un 14% a través de Internet. El porcentaje de chicos que lo ejerció fue superior al de las chicas. Los análisis de regresión muestran la relación entre haber sido victimizado por la pareja a través de uno de estos medios y el ejercicio del ciberacoso hacia la pareja mediante el mismo medio tecnológico. Los efectos de interacción ponen de manifiesto que los chicos victimizados a través del teléfono móvil o de Internet se implican, en mayor medida que las chicas victimizadas, como agresores en este fenómeno. Los resultados sugieren una modernización en los tipos de violencia que experimenta la juventud en sus relaciones de pareja.

Producción de materiales en lámina delgada mediante técnicas láser

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Afonso, C. N.

1998-04-01

Full Text Available Pulsed laser deposition is a recently developed technique with a large potential in producing materials of technological interest that are not easily produced by more conventional techniques, such as complex oxides or hard ceramics. We will first review the special features of this technique to then show current results of our own research in producing optically doped waveguides either with rare-earth ions or metal nanoparticles.

Mediante la moderna técnica de depósito por láser pulsado (PLD se pueden obtener materiales de alto interés tecnológico, como son óxidos complejos o cerámicas duras que no son fáciles de obtener por otras técnicas más convencionales. En el presente trabajo, se revisan, en primer lugar, las características especiales de esta técnica. A continuación, se presentan los resultados obtenidos en las investigaciones actualmente en marcha en nuestro laboratorio sobre dopado óptico de materiales mediante especies activas, como los iones de tierras raras o partículas nanocristalinas en matrices aislantes.

Measurement of the centrality dependence of charged particle spectra and RCP in lead-lead collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

CERN Document Server

The ATLAS collaboration

2011-01-01

Lead-lead collisions at the LHC provide an opportunity to study the properties of strongly interacting matter at the highest temperatures and energy densities ever achieved in the lab- oratory. In particular, jets are expected to be strongly quenched in the presence of the hot, dense medium, as illustrated by the centrality dependence of the dijet asymmetry already measured by ATLAS. Evidence of jet quenching can also be obtained from a measurement of inclusive charged particles at large transverse momentum, and in particular comparisons of spectral shapes between central and peripheral collisions. This note presents charged particle spectra as a function of centrality and rapidity, corrected for efficiency, fake tracks, secondaries and resolution. Using these, the ratio of scaled central to peripheral charged particle yields, RCP, is measured as a function of pT, centrality and pseudorapidity.

Cristalización de vidrios ricos en sílice preparados mediante sol-gel en el sistema alúmina-circona-sílice

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Popa, M.

2004-02-01

Full Text Available The crystallization of ZrSiO4 and its evolution with temperature from chemically homogeneous alumina-silica-zirconia powders prepared by sol-gel method from alcoxide mixtures was studied in the silica-rich region. A glass with the same composition was obtained by quenching in water from the melt. The gel-glasses evolution and microstructure were studied by means of XRD, IR and SEM/EDX, in the range of temperatures up to 1650oC. The materials consisted mainly of amorphous phase up to 1200oC, at which partial crystallization of cristobalite was observed. IR spectroscopy analysis showed zircon bands after thermal treatment at 1200oC. The crystallization of zircon and zirconia particles at 1550oC was confirmed by SEM/EDX analysis. At 1650oC the only stable crystalline phase observed after 40 h of thermal treatment was zircon.

La cristalización de ZrSiO4 y su evolución con la temperatura se ha estudiado en la región rica en sílice, a partir de polvos amorfos y químicamente homogéneos de alumina-sílice-circona, preparados mediante método sol-gel usando mezclas de alcóxidos. Se obtuvo un vidrio con idéntica composición mediante enfriamiento rápido por inmersión en agua del material fundido. La evolución y la microestructura de los vidrios obtenidos se estudió mediante difracción de rayos X, infrarrojos, microscopía electrónica de barrido y análisis químico, en el rango de temperaturas hasta 1650oC. Los materiales están formados principalmente por fase amorfa hasta 1200oC, temperatura a la cual se observa la cristalización parcial de cristobalita. El análisis por espectroscopía de infrarrojos muestra bandas de circón en muestras tratadas térmicamente por encima de 1200oC. Las observaciones mediante microscopía electrónica confirman la cristalización de partículas de circón y circona a 1550oC. A 1650oC la cristobalita ha fundido y la única fase cristalina estable detectada mediante XRD tras 40 h a esta temperatura

Ausencia de circulación de poliovirus en departamentos colombianos con coberturas vacunales inferiores a 80% Absence of poliovirus circulation in Colombian departments with vaccination coverage below 80%

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Mercedes González

2012-08-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio se propuso explorar la posible circulación silente de poliovirus salvajes y derivados de la vacuna (VDPV, por sus siglas en inglés, en departamentos de Colombia con cobertura de vacunación para polio (OPV, por sus siglas en inglés menor de 80%. Se colectaron 52 muestras de aguas residuales que se concentraron mediante precipitación con polietilenglicol y cloruro de sodio. La detección viral se realizó mediante aislamiento y la identificación por neutralización del efecto citopático, así como mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa convencional y en tiempo real, posterior a la transcripción reversa (TR-RCP y rTR-RCP. Los poliovirus aislados se caracterizaron por secuenciación del gen VP1. En dos de las 52 muestras hubo presencia de poliovirus Sabin 2 con más de 99% de similitud de secuencia con la cepa OPV Sabin 2. Se detectó circulación de enterovirus no polio en 17,3% de las muestras. Los serotipos identificados correspondieron a coxsackievirus B1, echovirus 30 y echovirus 11. No se detectaron evidencias de circulación de VDPV ni poliovirus salvaje en los departamentos de Colombia con coberturas de OPV inferiores a 80%.This study aims to explore a possible silent circulation of wild and vaccine-derived polioviruses in departments of Colombia with polio vaccination coverage of below 80%. The study collected 52 samples of wastewater concentrated as a result of precipitation with polyethylene glycol and sodium chloride. The viral detection was carried out through isolation and the identification through neutralization of the cytopathic effect, as well as through a conventional polymerase chain reaction following reverse transcription. The isolated polioviruses were characterized by the VP1 gene sequence. In two of the 52 samples, there was a presence of the Sabin type 2 poliovirus with more than 99% sequence similarity with the Sabin type 2 strain polio. Circulation of the nonpolio enterovirus was

Outer membrane components of the Tad (tight adherence) secreton of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.

Science.gov (United States)

Clock, Sarah A; Planet, Paul J; Perez, Brenda A; Figurski, David H

2008-02-01

Prokaryotic secretion relies on proteins that are widely conserved, including NTPases and secretins, and on proteins that are system specific. The Tad secretion system in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is dedicated to the assembly and export of Flp pili, which are needed for tight adherence. Consistent with predictions that RcpA forms the multimeric outer membrane secretion channel (secretin) of the Flp pilus biogenesis apparatus, we observed the RcpA protein in multimers that were stable in the presence of detergent and found that rcpA and its closely related homologs form a novel and distinct subfamily within a well-supported gene phylogeny of the entire secretin gene superfamily. We also found that rcpA-like genes were always linked to Aggregatibacter rcpB- or Caulobacter cpaD-like genes. Using antisera, we determined the localization and gross abundances of conserved (RcpA and TadC) and unique (RcpB, RcpC, and TadD) Tad proteins. The three Rcp proteins (RcpA, RcpB, and RcpC) and TadD, a putative lipoprotein, localized to the bacterial outer membrane. RcpA, RcpC, and TadD were also found in the inner membrane, while TadC localized exclusively to the inner membrane. The RcpA secretin was necessary for wild-type abundances of RcpB and RcpC, and TadC was required for normal levels of all three Rcp proteins. TadC abundance defects were observed in rcpA and rcpC mutants. TadD production was essential for wild-type RcpA and RcpB abundances, and RcpA did not multimerize or localize to the outer membrane without the expression of TadD. These data indicate that membrane proteins TadC and TadD may influence the assembly, transport, and/or function of individual outer membrane Rcp proteins.

Experiencia inicial con el retiro de electrodos de estimulación cardiaca mediante una técnica de extracción percutánea mecánica

OpenAIRE

Mauricio Duque; Juan C. Díaz; Jorge E. Marín; Julián M. Aristizábal; Jorge E. Velásquez; Laura Duque; William Uribe

2015-01-01

Introducción: En Colombia el uso de técnicas de extracción de electrodos de estimulación cardiaca es infrecuente, en parte debido al alto costo de los materiales utilizados para la extracción percutánea y por otra parte por los riesgos percibidos asociados al procedimiento. Esto ha llevado a que muchos electrodos disfuncionantes o infectados sean abandonados o retirados mediante cirugía abierta. Con base en lo anterior se ha desarrollado un programa de extracción de electrodos mediante el uso...

Estimación del gasto energético en el paciente quemado mediante la utilización de ecuaciones predictivas: revisión bibliográfica

OpenAIRE

Teresa Núñez-Vinaveirán; Manuel Sánchez; Pablo Millán; José Ramón Martínez-Méndez; Carmen Iglesias; César Casado-Pérez; Abelardo García-de-Lorenzo

2014-01-01

Introducción: La valoración de las necesidades calóricas del paciente quemado se ha basado en la medición del gasto energético en reposo (GER) mediante calorimetría indirecta, no siempre disponible en las unidades de quemados, o en su estimación mediante el uso de ecuaciones predictivas. Objetivos: analizar la historia y estado del arte del uso de las ecuaciones predictivas de GER en el paciente quemado crítico, y determinar su validez. Métodos: revisión bibliográfica de estudios y revisiones...

EVALUACIÓN DEL COMPORTAMIENTO IN VITRO DE RECUBRIMIENTOS DE HIDROXIAPATITA DEPOSITADOS MEDIANTE PROYECCIÓN TÉRMICA POR COMBUSTIÓN OXIACETILÉNICA SOBRE UN SUSTRATO DE Ti6Al4V

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

HAMILTON COPETE

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Recubrimientos de Hidroxiapatita sintética producida por precipitación y calcinación a 850 °C fueron depositados sobre sustratos de Ti6Al4V mediante proyección térmica por combustión. Las fases presentes en el material sintetizado y en los recubrimientos elaborados fueron determinadas mediante Difracción de Rayos X. Los recubrimientos fueron evaluados en condiciones in vitro con fluido fisiológico a 37 °C que simula el plasma humano, por periodos de 3, 7, 15 y 30 días. La superficie de los recubrimientos fue caracterizada antes y después de los ensayos in vitro mediante Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido y por Barrido de Energía Dispersiva. La concentración de iones de fosfato y de calcio en el fluido fisiológico fue determinada mediante espectrofotometría. Los resultados de las pruebas in vitro sugieren la acción de dos mecanismos: disolución del recubrimiento en el fluido fisiológico y posterior precipitación de cristales de calcio y fósforo sobre la superficie de la capa de Hidroxiapatita.

Recubrimientos de TiN depositados mediante ACPVD sobre aleaciones de magnesio AM60

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Pichel, M.

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Magnesium alloys are reaching special interest due to their good specific properties, low cost and good manufacturing properties. However, their low hardness, wear and corrosion resistance limit their applications in certain sectors of industry. These drawbacks can be solved by applying hard ceramic coatings, such as nitrides or metal carbides. TiN is one of the most used coatings due to its high adhesion, hardness, low coefficient of friction and chemical stability. Physical vapor deposition by cathodic arc CAPVD, is a versatile technique, which uses low temperatures and high ionization energies, generating homogeneous coatings. To achieve coatings with high quality, a careful control of the manufacturing parameters is required, such as bias voltage, gas flow or intensity. This paper focuses on magnesium alloys, AM60, coated with TiN using physical vapor deposition cathodic arc technique (CAPVD at different intensity values (40A and 100A and surface preparation (grinding up to 4000 grit and polished to 3μm. It was included a final condition with an intermediate Al film. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, roughness, optical microscopy and scanning electron.Las aleaciones de magnesio están alcanzando especial interés gracias a sus buenas propiedades específicas, bajo coste y buenas propiedades de moldeabilidad. No obstante su baja dureza, resistencia a desgaste y corrosión, limita sus aplicaciones en ciertos campos de la industria. Estos inconvenientes se pueden solucionar aplicando recubrimientos duros cerámicos, como nitruros o carburos metálicos. El TiN es uno de los más utilizados debido a su alta adherencia, dureza, bajo coeficiente de fricción y estabilidad química. La deposición física en fase vapor mediante arco catódico, ACPVD, es una técnica muy versátil, que emplea bajas temperaturas y altas energías de ionización, generando recubrimientos de bajo espesor, homogéneos y de calidad. Para alcanzar

Programa Antiestrés de Sincronización Cerebral mediante estimulación visual

OpenAIRE

Riccardi Sabatier, Yanitza; Caraballo Pons, Isabel; Miyares Cao, Carlos Manuel; Lago Mendoza, Guillermo; Lauzán Álvarez, Efreín

2014-01-01

Se presenta un programa computarizado que permite la sincronización de las ondas cerebrales mediante una estimulación visual, a una frecuencia similar a la actividad eléctrica del cerebro en estado de sedación, lo cual favorece la disminución de los niveles de estrés en los pacientes que acuden al Centro de Histoterapia Placentaria para tratar las patologías de Vitiligo, Psoriasis y Alopecia Areata. La aplicación informática fue programada en lenguaje Delphi 7.0 y cuenta con dos módulos para ...

Offshore Wind Energy Climate Projection Using UPSCALE Climate Data under the RCP8.5 Emission Scenario.

Science.gov (United States)

Gross, Markus; Magar, Vanesa

2016-01-01

In previous work, the authors demonstrated how data from climate simulations can be utilized to estimate regional wind power densities. In particular, it was shown that the quality of wind power densities, estimated from the UPSCALE global dataset in offshore regions of Mexico, compared well with regional high resolution studies. Additionally, a link between surface temperature and moist air density in the estimates was presented. UPSCALE is an acronym for UK on PRACE (the Partnership for Advanced Computing in Europe)-weather-resolving Simulations of Climate for globAL Environmental risk. The UPSCALE experiment was performed in 2012 by NCAS (National Centre for Atmospheric Science)-Climate, at the University of Reading and the UK Met Office Hadley Centre. The study included a 25.6-year, five-member ensemble simulation of the HadGEM3 global atmosphere, at 25km resolution for present climate conditions. The initial conditions for the ensemble runs were taken from consecutive days of a test configuration. In the present paper, the emphasis is placed on the single climate run for a potential future climate scenario in the UPSCALE experiment dataset, using the Representation Concentrations Pathways (RCP) 8.5 climate change scenario. Firstly, some tests were performed to ensure that the results using only one instantiation of the current climate dataset are as robust as possible within the constraints of the available data. In order to achieve this, an artificial time series over a longer sampling period was created. Then, it was shown that these longer time series provided almost the same results than the short ones, thus leading to the argument that the short time series is sufficient to capture the climate. Finally, with the confidence that one instantiation is sufficient, the future climate dataset was analysed to provide, for the first time, a projection of future changes in wind power resources using the UPSCALE dataset. It is hoped that this, in turn, will provide

Offshore Wind Energy Climate Projection Using UPSCALE Climate Data under the RCP8.5 Emission Scenario.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Markus Gross

Full Text Available In previous work, the authors demonstrated how data from climate simulations can be utilized to estimate regional wind power densities. In particular, it was shown that the quality of wind power densities, estimated from the UPSCALE global dataset in offshore regions of Mexico, compared well with regional high resolution studies. Additionally, a link between surface temperature and moist air density in the estimates was presented. UPSCALE is an acronym for UK on PRACE (the Partnership for Advanced Computing in Europe-weather-resolving Simulations of Climate for globAL Environmental risk. The UPSCALE experiment was performed in 2012 by NCAS (National Centre for Atmospheric Science-Climate, at the University of Reading and the UK Met Office Hadley Centre. The study included a 25.6-year, five-member ensemble simulation of the HadGEM3 global atmosphere, at 25km resolution for present climate conditions. The initial conditions for the ensemble runs were taken from consecutive days of a test configuration. In the present paper, the emphasis is placed on the single climate run for a potential future climate scenario in the UPSCALE experiment dataset, using the Representation Concentrations Pathways (RCP 8.5 climate change scenario. Firstly, some tests were performed to ensure that the results using only one instantiation of the current climate dataset are as robust as possible within the constraints of the available data. In order to achieve this, an artificial time series over a longer sampling period was created. Then, it was shown that these longer time series provided almost the same results than the short ones, thus leading to the argument that the short time series is sufficient to capture the climate. Finally, with the confidence that one instantiation is sufficient, the future climate dataset was analysed to provide, for the first time, a projection of future changes in wind power resources using the UPSCALE dataset. It is hoped that this, in

Offshore Wind Energy Climate Projection Using UPSCALE Climate Data under the RCP8.5 Emission Scenario

Science.gov (United States)

Gross, Markus; Magar, Vanesa

2016-01-01

In previous work, the authors demonstrated how data from climate simulations can be utilized to estimate regional wind power densities. In particular, it was shown that the quality of wind power densities, estimated from the UPSCALE global dataset in offshore regions of Mexico, compared well with regional high resolution studies. Additionally, a link between surface temperature and moist air density in the estimates was presented. UPSCALE is an acronym for UK on PRACE (the Partnership for Advanced Computing in Europe)—weather-resolving Simulations of Climate for globAL Environmental risk. The UPSCALE experiment was performed in 2012 by NCAS (National Centre for Atmospheric Science)-Climate, at the University of Reading and the UK Met Office Hadley Centre. The study included a 25.6-year, five-member ensemble simulation of the HadGEM3 global atmosphere, at 25km resolution for present climate conditions. The initial conditions for the ensemble runs were taken from consecutive days of a test configuration. In the present paper, the emphasis is placed on the single climate run for a potential future climate scenario in the UPSCALE experiment dataset, using the Representation Concentrations Pathways (RCP) 8.5 climate change scenario. Firstly, some tests were performed to ensure that the results using only one instantiation of the current climate dataset are as robust as possible within the constraints of the available data. In order to achieve this, an artificial time series over a longer sampling period was created. Then, it was shown that these longer time series provided almost the same results than the short ones, thus leading to the argument that the short time series is sufficient to capture the climate. Finally, with the confidence that one instantiation is sufficient, the future climate dataset was analysed to provide, for the first time, a projection of future changes in wind power resources using the UPSCALE dataset. It is hoped that this, in turn, will

Cálculo del poder de la lente intraocular mediante biometría ultrasónica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yileika Elías García

Full Text Available Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento del cálculo de la lente intraocular mediante biometría ultrasónica. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y prospectivo, con un grupo de pacientes atendidos por el Servicio de Catarata del Centro Oftalmológico «Enrique Cabrera», que recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico por catarata con implante de lente intraocular, mediante técnica de Blumenthal. La muestra se conformó con 160 ojos y se estudiaron las variables: sorpresa refractiva, edad, longitud axial y promedio queratométrico según resultado refractivo, poder dióptrico de la lente y componente esférico según edad. Resultados: como resultados más sobresalientes, se obtuvo que el 78,7 % no presentó error en el cálculo de la lente, la mayoría de los pacientes tenían 60 años y más, predominó el rango de longitud axial entre 22 y 24,4 (67,5 %, el promedio queratométrico de 43 a 44,99 (64,3 %, el poder dióptrico del lente de + 20 a + 23 dioptrías (48,2 % y el componente esférico entre 0,00 y +/-1,00 dioptrías (78,8%. Conclusiones: se considera que la biometría ultrasónica resulta adecuada para el cálculo correcto del lente.

Desarrollo de efectos cerámicos como acabados superficiales, mediante tecnología de inyección digital

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Spain S.A., Ferro

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Ferro Spain SA has tackled the practical viability of tile surfaces decoration by means of applying layers of reduced thickness by means of the use of digital injection technology by inkjet and, specifically, relating to effects and superficial finishes different from colouring. It has been studied several mechanisms which allow to get those effects and the influence of the main variables. It has also been assessed the obtained results dealing with the current regulations as in the case of non-slip effect.

Ferro Spain, S.A. ha abordado la viabilidad práctica de la decoración de superficies cerámicas mediante la aplicación de capas de muy reducido espesor mediante el uso de la tecnología de inyección digital por chorro de tinta y, específicamente en lo relativo a efectos y acabados superficiales distintos de la coloración. Se han estudiado los diversos mecanismos que permiten obtener dichos efectos y la influencia de las principales variables. También ha evaluado los resultados obtenidos atendiendo a las normativas vigentes como es el caso del efecto antideslizante.

Segmentación automática de noticias mediante procesamiento de formas prosódicas

OpenAIRE

Mas Manchón, Lluís

2014-01-01

La segmentación automatizada de noticias en tiempo real es un problema que ha tenido un abordaje fundamentalmente lingüístico y de procesamiento de la señal en los últimos años. El trabajo que presentamos tiene un enfoque sustancialmente diferente: desde una perspectiva comunicológica, se toman las formas prosódicas típicas del discurso informativo y se intentan programar mediante el procesamiento cepstrum en el entorno Labview. Después de numerosas pruebas se fijan los diferentes parámetros ...

Detección de movimiento mediante técnicas radar CW-FM en banda W

OpenAIRE

Vargas González, Daniel

2014-01-01

Aplicació de diverses tècniques de detecció i localització per detectar moviments amb un radar C2-FM que opera en banda W. [ANGLÈS] Integration of a SAR adquisition system using a FM-CW 94 GHz radar and test the system by different measurement campaigns with the aim of detecting micrometic displacements using a phase analysis of the recived signal [CASTELLÀ[ Integración de un sistema de adquisición SAR mediante el uso de un radar FM-CW a 94 GHz y probar la validez del mencionado sistema...

Educación mediante enciclopedias visuales temáticas: INTYPEDIA un caso de éxito.

OpenAIRE

Ramió Aguirre, Jorge; Muñoz Muñoz, Alfonso

2013-01-01

La presente investigación recoge una experiencia de innovación educativa que demuestra la utilidad de las enciclopedias visuales temáticas para la formación académica a través de Internet. Los objetivos de esta experiencia recaen en verificar si es posible crear enciclopedias visuales temáticas que mediante recursos audiovisuales permitan el aprendizaje de aspectos complejos de una manera asequible. Con el interés de obtener datos que permitan comprobar la idoneidad de este tipo de recursos f...

Genotypes of Leptospira spp. strains isolated from dogs in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Science.gov (United States)

Grune Loffler, Sylvia; Passaro, Diego; Samartino, Luis; Soncini, Analía; Romero, Graciela; Brihuega, Bibiana

2014-01-01

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease of wide global distribution, which is endemic in Argentina. The objective of this study was to obtain the genetic profiles of Leptospira spp. strains isolated from clinical cases of dogs in the province of Buenos Aires by the multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). Eight isolated canine strains were genotyped by MLVA, obtaining the identical profile of Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola Hond Utrecht IV in the strains named Dogy and Mayo. The strains named Bel, Sarmiento, La Plata 4581 and La Plata 5478 were identical to the profile of the genotype of L. interrogans serovar Portlandvere MY 1039.The strain named Avellaneda was identical to the genotype profile of L. interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae RGA and the strain named SB had the same profile as the L. interrogans serovar Pomona Baires genotype and was similar to the profile of serovar Pomona Pomona genotype. It would be useful to include a larger number of isolates from different dog populations in various provinces of Argentina and to characterize the genetic profiles of the strains circulating in the country. The information obtained will be useful for the control of leptospirosis in the dog population. Copyright © 2014 Asociación Argentina de Microbiología. Publicado por Elsevier España. All rights reserved.

Distinción de especies del género Persea mediante RAPD e ISSR de ADN

OpenAIRE

Reyes-Alemán, Juan Carlos; Valadez-Moctezuma, Ernestina; Simuta-Velázco, Lisandro; Barrientos-Priego, Alejandro Facundo; Gallegos-Vázquez, Clemente

2013-01-01

Con la finalidad de establecer bases para diferenciar parte de la diversidad genética de Persea y en especial del subgénero Persea resguardado en la colección nacional de germoplasma de aguacate de México, se estudiaron ocho especies (P. americana, P. steyermarkii, P. schiedeana, P. lingue, P. nubigena, P. floccosa, P. cinerascens y P. indica) con marcadores moleculares mediante las técnicas de RAPD e ISSR, donde los productos de PCR fueron separados en geles de acrilamida. Las huellas de ADN...

Generación de escenarios de planificación de redes mediante técnicas OLAP

OpenAIRE

Ramos García, Jesús

2015-01-01

RESUMEN: Debido a la gran cantidad de datos que a veces se tienen que manejar, es necesario el uso de herramientas que se encarguen de almacenar, reducir, extraer, analizar, procesar o modificar dichos datos de la forma más rápida y sencilla posible. Las bases de datos multidimensionales, con el nombre de cubo OLAP (On-Line Analytical Processing) se encargan de representar la información elegida de forma multidimensional, es decir, mediante cubos de varias dimensiones, haciendo que dicha info...

Teleoperación de un robot mindstorm mediante técnicas de visión artificial

OpenAIRE

Méndez Rodríguez, Eduardo

2011-01-01

Las tres partes tratadas son la teleoperacióon (principalmente con comunicaciones mediante bluetooth), la visión arti cial para elementos móviles en tiempo real y proyectos realizados con el Mindstorm NXT. Hay que destacar que en los dos primeros campos hay innumerables aplicaciones debido a que ambos campos siguen hoy en día bajo invetigación en busca de lograr mejoras tecnológicas, también los proyectos con el Mindstorm están creciendo exponencialmente, mayormente debido a...

Proyectar con la naturaleza mediante la Metodología de los Estudios de Impacto Ambiental en ordenaciones residenciales

OpenAIRE

Higueras García, Esther

2013-01-01

Proyectar con la naturaleza mediante la Metodología de los Estudios de Impacto Ambiental en ordenaciones residenciales .- Procedimiento de acción en la planificación ambiental .- Las técnicas de agregación de impactos .- Las afecciones de los planes de ordenación sobre el territorio. .- Las medidas preventivas y correctoras de planes .- Evaluación critica de los estudios de impacto ambiental

Simulación del perfil tensión-corriente para paneles solares mediante convertidor CC-CC reductor

OpenAIRE

Muñoz Palaguachi, Henry Patricio; Patiño Guiracocha, Claudio Vinicio

2017-01-01

El desarrollo de este proyecto tiene como objetivo la reconstrucción del perfil tensión-corriente para paneles solares ante diferentes condiciones de funcionamiento al variar la temperatura e irradiancia. Este perfil se logra con el control de un convertidor reductor de tipo conmutado mediante controladores de corriente y tensión. In this work the emulation of voltage-current profiles for photovoltaic panels is developed for different operating conditions, specifically for variations in ir...

Radiometric method for the rapid detection of Leptospira organisms

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manca, N.; Verardi, R.; Colombrita, D.; Ravizzola, G.; Savoldi, E.; Turano, A.

1986-01-01

A rapid and sensitive radiometric method for detection of Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona and Leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni is described. Stuart's medium and Middlebrook TB (12A) medium supplemented with bovine serum albumin, catalase, and casein hydrolysate and labeled with 14 C-fatty acids were used. The radioactivity was measured in a BACTEC 460. With this system, Leptospira organisms were detected in human blood in 2 to 5 days, a notably shorter time period than that required for the majority of detection techniques

Antibodies to a novel leptospiral protein, LruC, in the eye fluids and sera of horses with Leptospira-associated uveitis.

Science.gov (United States)

Verma, Ashutosh; Matsunaga, James; Artiushin, Sergey; Pinne, Marija; Houwers, Dirk J; Haake, David A; Stevenson, Brian; Timoney, John F

2012-03-01

Screening of an expression library of Leptospira interrogans with eye fluids from uveitic horses resulted in identification of a novel protein, LruC. LruC is located in the inner leaflet of the leptospiral outer membrane, and an lruC gene was detected in all tested pathogenic L. interrogans strains. LruC-specific antibody levels were significantly higher in eye fluids and sera of uveitic horses than healthy horses. These findings suggest that LruC may play a role in equine leptospiral uveitis.

Optimización topológica y fabricación aditiva de un soporte aeronáutico mediante sinterizado láser de acero inoxidable 15-5PH

OpenAIRE

Marchal Montes, Álvaro

2016-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajó será la aplicación de la optimización topológica a un soporte usado en el sector aeronáutico para reducir su masa que posteriormente se fabricará mediante fabricación aditiva con tecnología DMLS (Direct Metal Laser Sintering) en acero inoxidable 15-5PH. Para llegar a una buena optimización topológica será necesario estudiar todos los caminos de optimización posibles hasta llegar a una correcta mediante softwares adecuados además de adaptarla a la fabricación ad...

Diseño y generación de transmisiones de potencia por correa trapecial en Solidworks mediante una aplicación en Visual Basic

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aeljandro Ozaeta Eidelman

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Se presenta el procedimiento de diseño de transmisiones de potencia por correa trapecial según la norma BS 3790, mediante una aplicación desarrollada en Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 y utilizando el lenguaje de programación Visual Basic. El programa utiliza los parámetros de operación de la transmisión ingresada por el usuario, y mediante los cálculos estandarizados y una base de datos conformada por diversos catálogos de poleas y correas, muestra todas las transmisiones que satisfacen los requerimientos ingresados; además, permite la generación del modelo sólido de cada transmisión en SolidWorks.

Medida de la evapotranspiración real en coberturas vegetales semiáridas (Cuenca de Mula, Murcia), según las varicaciones de humedad del suelo medidas mediante el procedimiento (TDR)

OpenAIRE

Belmonte Serrato, Francisco; Romero Díaz, María Asunción

2006-01-01

En este trabajo se presenta un método de medida directa de la Evapotranspiración Real (ETR) bajo distintas coberturas vegetales, basado en las diferencias de humedad en el suelo medidas mediante el procedimiento TDR, en un intervalo temporal de 15 días y su comparación con los valores calculados mediante el método de Thornthwaite, que usa la temperatura media como parámetro fundamental. Los resultados demuestran la validez del método utilizado, habiendo obtenido valores de E...

Producción de biodiesel de aceite crudo de palma mediante catálisis heterogénea

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Fernando Cardeño

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se estudió la producción de biodiesel de aceite crudo de palma mediante el uso de catalizadores heterogéneos ácidos y básicos para las etapas de preesterificación y transesterificación respectivamente. La pre-esterificación es necesaria para aceites con una acidez superior al 4% de ácidos grasos libres, ya que se evitan los problemas asociados con la formación de jabones. En ambas reacciones las variables analizadas fueron el tipo de catalizador, la temperatura y el tiempo. Se analizó la conversión del aceite a metilésteres usando cromatografía gaseosa y la estabilidad de los catalizadores mediante su reutilización. En la etapa de pre-esterificación se encontró que catalizadores ácidos del tipo resinas de poliestireno sulfonadas presentan conversiones superiores al 87% estabilidad para la esterificación de los ácidos grasos libres. Para la transesterificación se estudiaron como catalizadores heterogéneos, el carbonato de potasio libre y soportado en una matriz polimérica, obteniéndose con ambos conversiones superiores a 95 % de biodiesel; con el uso del soporte polimérico se disminuyó la velocidad de disolución de carbonato de potasio, permitiendo su reutilización hasta 10 reutilizaciones.

Modificación de la personalidad mediante una terapia cognitivo-conductual de afrontamiento al estrés

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Julia Linares-Ortiz

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio ha sido comprobar la posibilidad de modulación de variables de personalidad (tales como algunos de los Cinco Grandes Factores, o la personalidad resistente a través de la aplicación de un programa de afrontamiento del estrés. Para ello, han participado 26 personas del ámbito universitario con alto estrés percibido, distribuidas en dos grupos (grupo de tratamiento y grupo de control. Los instrumentos de evaluación seleccionados se clasificaron en dos grupos: variables psicológicas y emocionales y variables de personalidad. Los resultados encontrados mediantes un ANOVA de medidas repetidas mostraron que existía interacción momento x grupo en las variables optimismo, extraversión y responsabilidad, correspondientes al Modelo de los Cinco Grandes Factores, mostrando un incremento de las puntuaciones en estas variables en el grupo terapia y no encontrándose dicha interacción en el grupo control. Las puntuaciones en los componentes de neuroticismo, amabilidad, apertura a la experiencia y personalidad resistente no se modificaron en ninguno de los dos grupos. Este estudio apoya la idea de que modificando determinados parámetros emocionales relacionados con el estrés mediante terapia cognitivo-conductual se pueden ver modulados algunos factores de personalidad.

Future changes in peak river flows across northern Eurasia as inferred from an ensemble of regional climate projections under the IPCC RCP8.5 scenario

Science.gov (United States)

Shkolnik, Igor; Pavlova, Tatiana; Efimov, Sergey; Zhuravlev, Sergey

2018-01-01

Climate change simulation based on 30-member ensemble of Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory RCM (resolution 25 km) for northern Eurasia is used to drive hydrological model CaMa-Flood. Using this modeling framework, we evaluate the uncertainties in the future projection of the peak river discharge and flood hazard by 2050-2059 relative to 1990-1999 under IPCC RCP8.5 scenario. Large ensemble size, along with reasonably high modeling resolution, allows one to efficiently sample natural climate variability and increase our ability to predict future changes in the hydrological extremes. It has been shown that the annual maximum river discharge can almost double by the mid-XXI century in the outlets of major Siberian rivers. In the western regions, there is a weak signal in the river discharge and flood hazard, hardly discernible above climate variability. Annual maximum flood area is projected to increase across Siberia mostly by 2-5% relative to the baseline period. A contribution of natural climate variability at different temporal scales to the uncertainty of ensemble prediction is discussed. The analysis shows that there expected considerable changes in the extreme river discharge probability at locations of the key hydropower facilities. This suggests that the extensive impact studies are required to develop recommendations for maintaining regional energy security.

DETECCIÓN Y AISLAMIENTO ROBUSTO DE FALLAS MEDIANTE OBSERVADORES CON ENTRADAS DESCONOCIDAS

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JUAN ANZUREZ MARÍN

2009-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo se muestra una metodología de diseño de observadores con entradas desconocidas para la solución del problema de Detección de Fallas. La técnica propuesta se basa principalmente en la observación de señales de error conocidas como residuos, las cuales se obtienen mediante la diferencia entre la salida actual del sistema y la salida estimada. Un observador con entradas desconocidas tiene la particularidad de que su vector de error de estimación tiende a cero asintóticamente, sin considerar la presencia de las entradas desconocidas o perturbaciones en el sistema. El algoritmo de detección se aplica satisfactoriamente en un sistema hidráulico de nivel de líquido tanto en simulación como en tiempo real.

Refuerzo de puentes por cambio de esquema estructural: optimización mediante algoritmo genético

OpenAIRE

Valenzuela, Matías A.; Casas Rius, Joan Ramon

2011-01-01

La presente comunicación entrega un estudio detallado del proceso constructivo y de tesado para el refuerzo de puentes con tipología longitudinal de vigas continuas convirtiéndolos en puentes en arco atirantado (tipo network). Se presentan las etapas básicas propuestas en aspectos de construcción, se establecen las hipótesis del estudio de tesado e implementa el método de tesado a partir de la optimización automatizada mediante algoritmos genéticos, definiendo criterios como: variables de ...

Análisis del yeso empleado en revestimientos exteriores mediante técnicas geológicas

OpenAIRE

Sanz Arauz, David

2011-01-01

El presente trabajo se centra en el yeso fabricado en hornos tradicionales y empleado históricamente para la ejecución de revestimientos exteriores. Para ello se realiza un estudio documental y un trabajo experimental mediante técnicas geológicas. En el estudio documental se ha pasado revisión a la historia del yeso como material de construcción con especial atención a su empleo en revestimientos exteriores, desde la antigüedad hasta mitad del siglo XX, momento en el que la industrializaci...

Generación de experiencias visuales en ciegos mediante estimulación táctil repetitiva

OpenAIRE

Tomás Ortiz; Juan M. Santos

2012-01-01

Estudios recientes de nuestro laboratorio han establecido que se puede generar una activación estable del córtex visual en ciegos mediante entrenamiento táctil pasivo prolongado. Esta neuroplasticidad cortical se acompaña en un 40% de los participantes invidentes de sensaciones visuales, así como de una mayor rapidez en el reconocimiento táctil de información espacial tales como líneas, iconos o imágenes, y es crucial para su correcta interpretación. Estos hallazgos pueden ser útiles para el ...

Análisis del yeso empleado en revestimientos exteriores mediante técnicas geológicas

OpenAIRE

Sanz Arauz, David

2009-01-01

El presente trabajo se centra en el yeso fabricado en hornos tradicionales y empleado históricamente para la ejecución de revestimientos exteriores. Para ello se realiza un estudio documental y un trabajo experimental mediante técnicas geológicas. En el estudio documental se ha pasado revisión a la historia del yeso como material de construcción con especial atención a su empleo en revestimientos exteriores, desde la antigüedad hasta mitad del siglo XX, momento en el que la industrializaci...

Control of Gene Expression in Leptospira spp. by Transcription Activator-Like Effectors Demonstrates a Potential Role for LigA and LigB in Leptospira interrogans Virulence.

Science.gov (United States)

Pappas, Christopher J; Picardeau, Mathieu

2015-11-01

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that affects ∼1 million people annually, with a mortality rate of >10%. Currently, there is an absence of effective genetic manipulation tools for targeted mutagenesis in pathogenic leptospires. Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) are a recently described group of repressors that modify transcriptional activity in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells by directly binding to a targeted sequence within the host genome. To determine the applicability of TALEs within Leptospira spp., two TALE constructs were designed. First, a constitutively expressed TALE gene specific for the lacO-like region upstream of bgaL was trans inserted in the saprophyte Leptospira biflexa (the TALEβgal strain). Reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) analysis and enzymatic assays demonstrated that BgaL was not expressed in the TALEβgal strain. Second, to study the role of LigA and LigB in pathogenesis, a constitutively expressed TALE gene with specificity for the homologous promoter regions of ligA and ligB was cis inserted into the pathogen Leptospira interrogans (TALElig). LigA and LigB expression was studied by using three independent clones: TALElig1, TALElig2, and TALElig3. Immunoblot analysis of osmotically induced TALElig clones demonstrated 2- to 9-fold reductions in the expression levels of LigA and LigB, with the highest reductions being noted for TALElig1 and TALElig2, which were avirulent in vivo and nonrecoverable from animal tissues. This study reconfirms galactosidase activity in the saprophyte and suggests a role for LigA and LigB in pathogenesis. Collectively, this study demonstrates that TALEs are effective at reducing the expression of targeted genes within saprophytic and pathogenic strains of Leptospira spp., providing an additional genetic manipulation tool for this genus. Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Control de bacteriemia nosocomial pediátrica mediante un programa de cultivo de soluciones parenterales en uso

OpenAIRE

Muñoz Juan M.; Macías Alejandro E.; Guerrero Francisco J.; Hernández Isabel; Medina Humberto; Vargas Enrique

1999-01-01

OBJETIVO. Dado que Klebsiella, Enterobacter y Serratia se multiplican en soluciones parenterales y son responsables de una elevada proporción de bacteriemias en los hospitales de México, se propone una estrategia de control mediante la vigilancia microbiológica de las soluciones en uso. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS. Hospital de enseñanza de segundo nivel con 193 camas. Atiende principalmente pacientes de escasos recursos. En 1992 se inició la vigilancia de la esterilidad de las soluciones parenterales ...

DISTRIBUCIÓN ESPACIAL DE LA TUBERCULOSIS EN ESPAÑA MEDIANTE MÉTODOS GEOESTADÍSTICOS

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Diana Gómez-Barroso

2009-01-01

Las tasas de TB respiratoria experimentan un descenso constante en los últimos años. El objetivo es valorar la asociación entre la morbilidad por TB respiratoria y variables socioeconómicas y epidemiológicas así como su distribución espacial mediante métodos geoestadísticos. Método: Las tasas de incidencia se estandarizaron por edad y sexo con datos de la Red Nacional de Vigilancia (2006. Las variables socioeconómicas incluidas son: condición socioeconómica, nivel de estudios, tasa de hacinamiento, densidad de población, tasa de inmigración estandarizada por sexo, tasa de analfabetismo, tasa de paro, gasto medio en euros por persona. Las variables epidemiológicas incluidas han sido la tasa de SIDA y la tasa de incidencia de gripe. Se realizó un análisis multivariable mediante un Modelo Lineal Generalizado poisson. Se aplicó la técnica geoestadística Cokringing ajustada por las variables estadísticamente significativas para ver la distribución espacial de riesgo. Resultados: Las variables estadísticamente significativas son la tasa de hacinamiento, tasa de inmigración, tasa de analfabetismo, tasa de paro, gasto medio euros por persona, tasa de gripe y tasa de sida. La técnica geoestadística muestra una variabilidad espacial del riesgo y una concentración del riesgo en el noroeste y sureste de la península. Conclusiones: Los resultados permiten afirmar que el método Cokriging es una herramienta útil para representar la distribución espacial del riesgo. Existe asociación entre variables socioeconómicas, epidemiológicas y TB en España.

Sistema constructivo industrializado in situ COTaCERO : transferencia tecnológica: construcción de depósitos-ejecución de viviendas en altura mediante paneles portantes de acero

OpenAIRE

Hermo Sánchez, Víctor Manuel

2013-01-01

[Resumen] Esta investigación comprende diseño y comprobación del sistema constructivo industrializado in situ COTaCERO. Transferencia tecnológica: construcción de depósitos mediante elevación de secciones desde el nivel del terreno con gatos hidráulicos - ejecución de viviendas en altura mediante paneles portantes de acero. Se analizan tres experiencias constructivas: - “La casa por el tejado”. La ejecución de edificaciones por elevación desde el nivel del terreno, “lift slab” y s...

Radiometric method for the rapid detection of Leptospira organisms

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Manca, N.; Verardi, R.; Colombrita, D.; Ravizzola, G.; Savoldi, E.; Turano, A.

1986-02-01

A rapid and sensitive radiometric method for detection of Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona and Leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni is described. Stuart's medium and Middlebrook TB (12A) medium supplemented with bovine serum albumin, catalase, and casein hydrolysate and labeled with /sup 14/C-fatty acids were used. The radioactivity was measured in a BACTEC 460. With this system, Leptospira organisms were detected in human blood in 2 to 5 days, a notably shorter time period than that required for the majority of detection techniques.

Evaluación del pavimento de la carretera “cumbe – oña (tramo i)” de 20 km de longitud, ubicada en la provincia del Azuay mediante equipos de auscultación vial

OpenAIRE

Bravo Castro, María Fernanda

2011-01-01

Evaluacion del Pavimento de la Carretera “Cumbe – Oña (Tramo I)” de 20 Km de longitud, ubicada en la Provincia del Azuay mediante Equipos de Auscultación Vial Evaluacion del Pavimento de la Carretera “Cumbe – Oña (Tramo I)” de 20 Km de longitud, ubicada en la Provincia del Azuay mediante Equipos de Auscultación Vial

Reconocimiento del habla mediante el uso de la correlación cruzada y una perceptrón multicapa

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Carlos A. de Luna-Ortega

2014-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo se da a conocer una alternativa algorítimica a los sistemas actuales de reconocimiento automático del habla (ASR, mediante una propuesta en la forma de realizar la caracterización de las palabras basada en una aproximación que usa la extracción de coeficientes de la codificación de predicción lineal (LPC y la correlación cruzada. La implementación consiste en extraer las características fonéticas mediante los coeficientes LPC, después se forman vectores de patrones de la pronunciación conformados por el promedio de los coeficientes LPC de las muestras de las palabras obteniendo un vector característico de cada pronunciación mediante la autocorrelación de las secuencias de coeficientes LPC; estos vectores se utilizan para entrenar un clasificador de tipo perceptrón multicapa (MLP. Se realizaron pruebas de desempeño previo entrenamiento con los diferentes patrones de las palabras a reconocer. Se utilizó la fonética de los dígitos del cero al nueve como vocabulario objetivo, debido a su amplia aplicación, y para estimar el desempeño de este método se utilizaron dos corpus de pronunciaciones: el corpus UPA, que contempla en su base de datos la pronuncación de la región occidente de México, y el corpus Tlatoa, que hace lo propio para la región centro de México. Las señales en ambos corpus fueron adquiridas en el lenguaje español, y a una frecuencia de muestreo de 8kHz. Los porcentajes de reconocimiento obtenidos fueron del 96.7 y 93.3% para las modalidades de mono-locutor para el corpus UPA y múltiple-locutor para el corpus Tlatoa, respectivamente. Asimismo, se realizó una comparación contra dos métodos clásicos del reconocimiento de voz y del habla, Dynamic Time Warping (DTW y Hidden Markov Models (HMM.

Control estadístico de la calidad de un servicio mediante Gráficas X y R

OpenAIRE

Alberto Isaac Pierdant Rodríguez; Jesús Rodríguez Franco

2009-01-01

Las empresas y organismos públicos que proporcionan servicios en México no utilizan frecuentemente técnicas cuantitativas para el control de calidad de dicho servicio, por lo que este trabajo representa una propuesta de control de calidad mediante herramientas simples de control estadístico de calidad. Existen diversas técnicas cualitativas y pocas técnicas cuantitativas como las gráficas, que nos permiten determinar si la prestación de un servicio se encuentra bajo control; es decir, verific...

Proyecto Arquitectónico Energéticamente Eficiente Mediante Gramáticas de Formas y Aprendizaje por Refuerzo

OpenAIRE

Gavilanes-Velaz-de-Medrano, Juan; Hidalgo, Pablo; Belmonte, David; Mandow-Andaluz, Lorenzo; Ruiz-Montiel, Manuela

2015-01-01

En este trabajo presentamos un sistema para la generación de esquemas de viviendas unifamiliares energéticamente eficientes. Los esquemas se sintetizan mediante la ejecución de gramáticas de formas simples, entrenadas por medio de técnicas de aprendizaje por refuerzo, teniendo en cuenta criterios tanto de habitabilidad como de eficiencia energética. Los resultados obtenidos son analizados y validados Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech.

Módulo de identificación biométrica mediante huellas dactilares para sistemas empotrados

OpenAIRE

Juste Meco, Rubén

2010-01-01

La seguridad es uno de los temas que más preocupan en la actualidad, pero no solo en lo referente a la integridad física del individuo, sino también en lo concerniente a la protección de sus bienes o datos. En la sociedad actual se hace uso de multitud de servicios electrónicos para disfrutar de los bienes, e-banking, compras mediante el uso de tarjetas de crédito, e-mail, e-shopping; y dispositivos electrónicos para acceder a los datos, PCs, PDAs, Teléfonos Móviles y demás. Sin una seguridad...

Generación de nuevos significados, mediante la metonimia, en el parlache

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Juan Manuel Pérez Sánchez

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Reconociendo la incidencia del cambio semántico en el argot, se analiza aquí el papel de la metonimia como mecanismo de generación de nuevos significados en el argot juvenil de Medellín (Colombia, conocido como parlache. Como punto de partida, se delimita el concepto de argot y se clarifica lo que aquí se entiende por metonimia. Tras estas precisiones, se analiza una muestra de doce significados argóticos generados a partir de unidades ya existentes y mediante procesos metonímicos. Por último, como resultados, se observan tendencias dentro de la muestra en la utilización mayoritaria de ciertos tipos de metonimia. Así mismo, se vislumbra que en la muestra priman principios cognitivos universales como ''típico sobre atípico'', ''corporal sobre mental'', ''concreto sobre abstracto'', entre otros, a la hora de elegir los conceptos fuente.

Prueba de homogeneidad de la dispersión para datos de proporción sobredispersos mediante regresión beta

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Mario Morales

2014-06-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se propone un procedimiento para verificar la hipótesis de homogeneidad del parámetro de dispersión usando regresión beta, cuando se tienen datos de proporción sobredispersos. Se demuestra que es posible analizar este tipo de datos usando un modelo lineal generalizado usual ponderado, con pesos obtenidos mediante la regresión beta. Esta forma de proceder permite corregir el problema de la dispersión extra, manteniendo la sencillez del análisis. Además, para algunos casos particulares, se evalúa mediante un estudio de simulación, la potencia de la prueba. Abstract. In this paper we propose an approach to validate the hypothesis of homogeneity of the dispersion parameter using beta regression, when we have overdispersed proportions data. We corroborated that it is possible to analyze this type of data with an usual weighted generalized linear model, weighting the observations with weights obtained through beta regression. This procedure allows to correct the problem of overdispersion keeping the simplicity of the analysis. Furthermore, for several cases, we made a simulation study of the power of the test.

Elaboración de aleaciones de Cu-Al-Ni con efecto memoria de forma mediante pulvimetalurgia

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Pérez-Sáez, R. B.

1998-05-01

Full Text Available During the production of shape memory alloys, a very fine grain size should be obtained in order to obtain better mechanical properties and a good thermomechanical behaviour during cycling. The classically used grain refiners show some secondary effects on the martensitic transformations that could be at the origin of some technological problems. For this reason, a new processing method by powder metallurgy has been developed for this kind of alloys. The three proceeding stages are described: Atomization, hot isostatic pressing and hot rolling. The microstructure of the materials is characterized. The martensitic transformation and the thermomechanical properties are also studied.

En la elaboración de aleaciones Cu-Al-Ni con efecto memoria de forma es importante conseguir un tamaño de grano fino, para mejorar las propiedades mecánicas y el comportamiento durante el ciclado termomecánico. Clásicamente, esto se ha conseguido mediante la adición de refinadores de grano; sin embargo, los efectos secundarios que éstos producen pueden ser problemáticos. Por esta razón, se ha desarrollado un nuevo método de procesado de este tipo de aleaciones mediante pulvimetalurgia. En este trabajo se presenta el proceso de elaboración consistente en tres etapas: atomización, compactación isostática en caliente y laminación en caliente. Se estudia la microestructura del material, se caracteriza la transformación martensítica y se determinan las propiedades termomecánicas.

Recubrimiento de cobre sobre Al₂O₃ mediante reducción autocatalítica

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Gómez de Salazar, J. M.

1998-05-01

Full Text Available A method for obtaining copper coatings on ceramic tenacious substrates as the alumina is described. Its principal applications are found in the electronic industry; they can also be employed as interlayer on metal-ceramic disimilar bondings produced by solid state welding or brazing. Optimal activation conditions were determined as well as the influence of the substrate surface preparation and the deposition rate on the adhesion. The kinetics study of the process was carried out by gravimetric and electrochemical methods.

Se describe un método para la obtención de recubrimientos de cobre sobre un cerámico tenaz, como es la alúmina. Entre sus principales aplicaciones se encuentra la industria electrónica, aunque también pueden emplearse como intermediarios en las uniones disimilares metal-cerámico realizadas mediante soldadura en estado sólido o soldadura fuerte. Se determinan las condiciones óptimas de activación y la influencia de la preparación superficial del substrato, así como de la velocidad de deposición sobre la adherencia de la capa de cobre. El estudio cinético del proceso se realizó mediante ensayos electroquímicos.

PRODUCCIÓN DE UNA ALEACIÓN NANOESTRUCTURADA FeAl MEDIANTE ALEACIÓN MECÁNICA Y SU CARACTERIZACIÓN MICROESTRUCTURAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberto. A. Rodríguez-Díaz

2013-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se elaboró la aleación Fe40Al mediante la técnica de aleación mecánica (AM a partir de una mezcla de polvos elementales de Fe y Al, empleando distintos tiempos de molienda. Se caracterizó la evolución en tamaño y morfología de los polvos empleados en el proceso de AM en función del tiempo de molienda mediante la técnica de Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido (MEB. Se empleó la técnica de Difracción de Rayos X (DRX para caracterizar la evolución de la estructura cristalina de las fases obtenidas en función del tiempo de molienda. La aleación Fe40Al con estructura cristalina desordenada del tipo cúbico centrado en el cuerpo se formó a las 20 h de molienda. El tamaño nano-métrico de grano correspondiente a la aleación desordenada Fe40Al se redujo con el transcurso del tiempo mientras que su parámetro de red se incrementó con el transcurso del tiempo de molienda.

Control de bacteriemia nosocomial pediátrica mediante un programa de cultivo de soluciones parenterales en uso

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Muñoz Juan M.

1999-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO. Dado que Klebsiella, Enterobacter y Serratia se multiplican en soluciones parenterales y son responsables de una elevada proporción de bacteriemias en los hospitales de México, se propone una estrategia de control mediante la vigilancia microbiológica de las soluciones en uso. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS. Hospital de enseñanza de segundo nivel con 193 camas. Atiende principalmente pacientes de escasos recursos. En 1992 se inició la vigilancia de la esterilidad de las soluciones parenterales en los servicios pediátricos mediante cuatro estrategias: durante la primera etapa se cultivó el total de soluciones en uso. Durante la segunda se cultivaron muestras aleatoriamente elegidas. Tercera y cuarta etapas con muestreo controlado y dirigido, respectivamente. RESULTADOS. Se han cultivado 1940 infusiones. Se ha observado una reducción de la tasa de contaminación (de 29.6% en 1992 a 12.9% en 1997, p< 0.001. Asimismo se redujo la proporción de bacilos gramnegativos aislados en sangre (72.7% vs 40.85%, p< 0.001 y las bacteriemias nosocomiales primarias (BNP (3.12 vs 1.54 por 100 egresos, p< 0.0001. CONCLUSIONES. La detección de contaminantes señala posibles fallas en el manejo parenteral, áreas de riesgo y pacientes potencialmente afectados. El programa permite estudiar el nivel endémico de contaminación de infusiones y limitar los brotes de bacteriemias nosocomiales primarias a un costo bajo.

Use of saprophytic leptospira strains in the serodiagnosis of experimental leptospirosis in guinea-pigs (Cavia sp

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Raul J. S. Girio

1988-04-01

Full Text Available The efficiency of four Leptospira biflexa strains (Buenos Aires, Patoc 1, Rufino and São Paulo as single antigen in the serodiagnosis in guinea-pigs experimentally infected with seven Leptospira interrogans serovars (canicola, grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohaemorrhagiae, pomona, tarassovi and wolffi was evaluated by the microscopic agglutination test. The four saprophytic strains were not able to reveal antibody titres in sera of guinea-pigs experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans. Serological cross-reactions were observed between strains Patoc 1 and São Paulo and between serovars wolffi and hardjo.

Tratamiento de las osteitis diafisarias de tibia mediante sinostosis tibioperonea y resección ósea

OpenAIRE

Fernández Sabaté, Alfons; Riu Labrador, R.; Moreta Munujos, D.; Cáceres Palou, Enrique

1984-01-01

El tratamiento de las osteítis crónicas de la diáfisis tibial obliga a menudo a practicar una amplia resección para alcanzar el tejido óseo sano y esta exigencia operatoria debilita la diáfisis. Para obviar la fractura operatoria o posterior por fatiga y para facilitar la resección sin temor se ha utilizado una táctica quirúrgica consistente en una solidarización tibioperonea que construye un residente eje en la pierna ya sea mediante injerto intertibioperoneo ya con peroné protibia de Zanoli...

Indefensión producida por emplazamiento mediante edictos sin previo agotamiento de las vías ordinarias de comunicación personal

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Vegas Torres, Jaime

1994-01-01

Al hilo del comentario de la STC 103/1993, se hace un completo repaso de los precedentes en la doctrina del TC sobre indefensión originada por actos de comunicación mediante edictos sin haber agotado antes las vías ordinarias de comunicación personal. Derecho Público II

Desarrollo de intermetálicos TiAl mediante técnicas pulvimetalúrgicas convencionales y de alta densificación

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Vicente Amigó-Borrás

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Cada día hay más demanda de materiales que ofrezcan altas temperaturas de servicio y bajo peso; pero su fabricación es compleja y costosa, particularmente la de las superaleaciones de base cobalto y la de las aleaciones de titanio; dentro de estas últimas, los intermetálicos TiAl y Ti3Al son ampliamente reconocidos para satisfacer las necesidades actuales; sin embargo, la colada y forja de estos intermetálicos, que tienen una mejor resistencia frente a la oxidación a elevadas temperaturas, resulta muy compleja, y es por lo que, partiendo de polvo prealeado, se busca obtener productos prácticamente acabados con un coste razonable. El presente trabajo analiza la influencia de las variables de procesado de polvos intermetálicos Ti48Al2Cr2Nb, mediante técnicas pulvimetalúrgicas convencionales y Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS, en su microestructura y en sus propiedades mecánicas. Se obtienen muestras a diferentes temperaturas de sinterización a partir de polvos obtenidos por atomización. La influencia en las propiedades mecánicas se observa mediante su microdureza y resistencia a la compresión, realizándose un seguimiento de la microestructura mediante microscopía óptica y electrónica de barrido.Las condiciones de procesado muestran un gran efecto en la microestructura obtenida, fundamentalmente en la formación de la fase α2, que acompaña las propiedades mecánicas finales. Sin embargo, es con el proceso de máxima densificación donde se obtienen las propiedadesadecuadas, lo cual hace pensar que es una alternativa clara a los procesos actuales de colada y deformación plástica.

Control biológico de estados edáficos de tefrítidos (Diptera: Tephritidae) mediante tratamientos de suelo con ascomicetos mitospóricos entomopatógenos (Ascomycota: Hypocreales)

OpenAIRE

Garrido-Jurado, Inmaculada

2012-01-01

Hasta la fecha, los ascomicetos mitospóricos entomopatógenos (AME) se han empleado con éxito en el control de adultos de tefrítidos en pulverización total del sustrato vegetal, o en pulverización cebo, o mediante la técnica de ¿atracción e infección¿. No obstante, recientemente se ha puesto de manifiesto el potencial de estos AME para el control de estados pre-imaginales de tefrítidos mediante su aplicación al suelo, en la base del árbol, donde el inóculo fúngico está protegido frente a los f...

Estudio de una celda de fabricación flexible mediante la simulación de eventos discretos

OpenAIRE

Sanz Lucero, Flavia

2014-01-01

En la actualidad las fábricas se ven afectadas por la alta competencia tanto nacional como internacional, y obligadas a mejorar sus procesos productivos para poder continuar siendo competitivas en un mercado cada vez más hostil. El presente proyecto trata de resolver una parte importante de esta mejora: la reducción de los tiempos improductivos o muertos, mediante la búsqueda de una secuencia óptima de alimentación en una celda de fabricación flexible compuesta por máquinas ali...

Metodologías de análisis de túneles excavados con tuneladora mediante el programa Plaxis

OpenAIRE

Alcahuaman Villanueva, Victor Abner

2016-01-01

El programa de elementos finitos Plaxis se ha convertido en una herramienta popular para diseñar y estudiar túneles excavados mediante máquinas tuneladoras. En el caso de túneles urbanos, los movimientos originados en la excavación son de gran importancia, y se ha observado que en función de la metodología de cálculo seguida en Plaxis los resultados pueden ser muy diferentes. La tesina pretende comparar las diversas metodologías disponibles y establecer criterios para su uso en casos reales....

Eliminación de contaminantes emergentes en aguas residuales mediante oxidación avanzada con ozono y ultrasonidos

OpenAIRE

Abellán Soler, Manuel; Lardín Mifsut, Carlos; Morales Cavero, Eduardo; Pastor Alcañiz, Laura; Martínez Muro, Juan Luis; Santos Asensi, José María; Ibáñez Martínez, María; Hernández Hernández, Félix

2013-01-01

Algunos contaminantes emergentes, principalmente fármacos de diferentes clases así como drogas de abuso, pueden estar presentes en las aguas residuales urbanas, no siendo posible su eliminación mediante las técnicas convencionales de depuración. Se ha realizado un estudio en planta piloto en dos estaciones depuradoras de aguas residuales (EDAR), Font de la Pedra (Muro de Alcoy) y Molina de Segura (Murcia), con el fin de determinar la eficacia de eliminación de ciertos ...

GRASA CORPORAL E ÍNDICE ADIPOSO-MUSCULAR ESTIMADOS MEDIANTE IMPEDANCIOMETRÍA EN LA EVALUACIÓN NUTRICIONAL DE MUJERES DE 35 A 55 AÑOS

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Vicente Martín Moreno

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamentos: La evaluación nutricional durante la premenopausia y la menopausia tiene un papel relevante para valorar los cambios que acontecen en la mujer. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar los parámetros grasa corporal e índice adiposo- muscular corporal (IAMC estimados mediante impedanciometría respecto al índice de masa corporal (IMC en la definición del estado nutricional y la composición corporal. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Mediante muestreo aleatorio (base de tarjeta sanitaria fueron seleccionadas 30 mujeres de 35 a 55 años, valorándose en ellas la asociación entre grasa corporal e IAMC con el IMC; diferentes estimadores de la distribución de la grasa corporal: circunferencias de la cintura y cresta ilíaca, cocientes cintura-cadera e ilíaca-cadera y diámetros ilíaco y sagital; presiones arteriales sistólica (PAS y diastólica (PAD y niveles plasmáticos de glucosa, colesterol, HDL-colesterol y triglicéridos. Resultados: El porcentaje de grasa corporal correlacionó intensamente (p 33% presentaba un IMC menor de 30. Conclusiones: La estimación de los parámetros grasa corporal e IAMC en mujeres de 35 a 55 años complementa la evaluación nutricional realizada mediante el IMC, aunque para definir su verdadero valor en esta evaluación es necesario establecer los parámetros de normalidad en la población.

Estudio de las propiedades mecánicas en materiales compuestos de matriz aluminio pulvimetalúrgicos conformados mediante forja o extrusión

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Busquets, D.

2005-10-01

Full Text Available We have developed composite materials from AA6061 aluminium alloy powders used as matrix and ceramics powders of boron carbide, silicon carbide and boron nitride, used as reinforcements in 2.5, 5.0, 1.5 and 10 % vol. by mechanical mixing and milling in planetary mill at 360 rpm vial velocity for 4 h followed of hot stamping and extrusion process on green compacts. Mechanical properties obtained from tensile tests are influenced by the heat treatment, reinforcement fractions and nature. Moreover, these mechanical characteristics are dependent from the processing route. Optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis revealed the microstructure of materials and let describe the tripartite relation; structure-processing-properties, of the developed materials.

Partiendo de polvos de aleación de aluminio AA6061 empleada como matriz y de polvos cerámicos de carburo de boro, carburo de silicio y nitruro de boro, utilizados como refuerzo en fracciones volumétricas de 2,5, 5,0, 7,5 y 10 %, se ban desarrollado materiales compuestos, mediante la mezcla y molienda mecánica de estos polvos, en molino planetario a 360 rpm durante 4 h y posterior estampación y extrusión en caliente de compactos en verde. Las propiedades mecánicas se determinaron mediante ensayos de tracción, observándose gran influencia del tratamiento térmico, contenido y naturaleza del refuerzo, sobre estas propiedades. Por otro lado, se encontró que estas características son igualmente dependientes de la ruta de producción de estos materiales. Los análisis llevados a cabo mediante microscopía óptica y microscopía electrónica de barrido, permitieron describir la relación tripartita, estructura-procesamiento-propiedades, de los materiales aquí desarrollados.

Diseño y Desarrollo del Cuerpo de una Guitarra Eléctrica adaptada al Usuario mediante Tecnologías de Fabricación Aditiva

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de la Herrán García, Gari

2017-01-01

El presente TFG recoge el estudio del diseño y desarrollo de una guitarra eléctrica con un cuerpo realizado mediante fabricación aditiva, con posibilidades de parametrización y adaptaciones ergonómicas personales.

COMPARACIÓN MEDIANTE UN ESTUDIO PROSPECTIVO Y ALEATORIZADO DE DOS MÉTODOS DE REPOSICIÓN EN UNIDADES DE ENFERMERÍA EN HOSPITALIZACIÓN POLIVALENTE DE AGUDOS CON ALMACENAMIENTO MEDIANTE DOBLE CAJETÍN

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José Luis Bernal

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamentos: Los sistemas de almacenamiento mediante doble ca - jetín aumentan la satisfacción del personal de enfermería y disminuyen los inventarios, pero no se conocen las implicaciones de que sea el personal de logística quién determine la necesidad de reposición. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar si encomendar dicha responsabilidad a este personal en unidades de hospitalización polivalente de agudos entraña un mayor riesgo de pedidos extraordinarios. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio experimental, prospectivo aleatorizado con enmascaramiento. Los pedidos extraordinarios se consideraron variable de respuesta; los correspondientes a valoraciones del personal de logística se incluyeron en el grupo de intervención y los del personal de enfermería, en el de control. La concordancia entre observadores se analizó con el método de Bland- Altman; la diferencia entre grupos, con la U de Mann-Whitney y se calculó la incidencia acumulada de pedidos extraordinarios y su riesgo relativo. Resultados: La cantidad media solicitada por el personal de logística y el de enfermería fue 29,9 (DE:167,4 y 36 (DE:190 unidades respectiva - mente, la diferencia media entre observadores fue 6,11 (DE:128,95 uni - dades y no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos (p = 0,430. La incidencia de pedidos extraordinarios fue 0,64% en el grupo de intervención y 0,15% en el de control; el riesgo relativo, 2,31 (0,83 – 6,48 y el número de casos necesarios para un pedido extraordinario, 516. Conclusión: El riesgo de pedidos extraordinarios en unidades de hos - pitalización con almacenamiento mediante doble cajetín no está asociado con la categoría profesional del personal que identifica las necesidades de reposición.

LQAI_b3p2_Determinación de calcio en leche mediante espectrofotometría de absorción atómica

OpenAIRE

Cervera Sanz, Maria Luisa

2011-01-01

Determinación de calcio en leche mediante espectrofotometría de absorción atómica con llama, tras la desproteinización con ácido tricloroacético, y empleando lantano para eliminar la interferencia de los fosfatos y como tampón de ionización

REGULACIÓN ECONÓMICA PARA LA TARIFA DE PARQUEADEROS EN BOGOTÁ MEDIANTE PRECIOS MÁXIMOS

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Jorge Andrés Perdomo Calvo

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo principal de este estudio consiste en estimar el valor máximo o techo mediante el cual deberían estar reguladas las tarifas del servicio de parqueadero en Bogotá, a partir de los lineamientos teóricos de la economía del transporte y bajo el criterio de fijación de precios. Los resultados de este análisis se evidencian con base en información primaria (encuestas, modelos de costo total de producción no lineales (Box-Cox y optimización matemática (estática comparativa. Se concluye que el precio por minuto actual se encuentra sobrevalorado.

Comparative proteome analysis reveals pathogen specific outer membrane proteins of Leptospira.

Science.gov (United States)

Dhandapani, Gunasekaran; Sikha, Thoduvayil; Rana, Aarti; Brahma, Rahul; Akhter, Yusuf; Gopalakrishnan Madanan, Madathiparambil

2018-04-10

Proteomes of pathogenic Leptospira interrogans and L. borgpetersenii and the saprophytic L. biflexa were filtered through computational tools to identify Outer Membrane Proteins (OMPs) that satisfy the required biophysical parameters for their presence on the outer membrane. A total of 133, 130, and 144 OMPs were identified in L. interrogans, L. borgpetersenii, and L. biflexa, respectively, which forms approximately 4% of proteomes. A holistic analysis of transporting and pathogenic characteristics of OMPs together with Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COGs) among the OMPs and their distribution across 3 species was made and put forward a set of 21 candidate OMPs specific to pathogenic leptospires. It is also found that proteins homologous to the candidate OMPs were also present in other pathogenic species of leptospires. Six OMPs from L. interrogans and 2 from L. borgpetersenii observed to have similar COGs while those were not found in any intermediate or saprophytic forms. These OMPs appears to have role in infection and pathogenesis and useful for anti-leptospiral strategies. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Informatización de procesos de negocio mediante la ejecución de su modelo gráfico

OpenAIRE

Giráldez Betrón, José Ignacio; Gachet Páez, Diego

2009-01-01

A pesar de que hay mucho margen de eficiencia del que beneficiarse, muchos procesos de negocio no son informatizados por falta de una tecnología que permita hacerlo a bajo coste (especialmente en cuanto a personal cualificado y tiempo). En este artículo, presentamos una tecnología basada en agentes software que proporciona una respuesta parcial a este problema de costes mediante la ejecución de modelos gráficos de procesos de negocio. De tal forma, el secuenciamiento de acciones elementales n...

Denervación renal percutánea mediante el uso de catéter con balón en pacientes con hipertensión arterial resistente

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Isabel C. Marín-Orozco

2015-11-01

El objetivo del presente reporte es describir detalladamente dos casos de hipertensión arterial resistente, tratados mediante ablación con radiofrecuencia con el nuevo dispositivo Vessix® de la compañía Boston Scientific.

Aprovechamiento del Lechuguín (Eichhornia Crassipes) para la generación de abono orgánico mediante la utilización de tres diseños diferentes de biodigestores

OpenAIRE

López Jerves, Gabriela Nataly

2012-01-01

El siguiente estudio se basa en la utilización de la especie "Eichhornia Crassipies" más conocida comúnmente como Lechuguín para la generación de abono orgánico mediante la utilización de tres diseños diferentes de biodigestores. Es así que se implementaron el diseño de biodigestor de bidón, el mismo que es hecho de plástico; el segundo diseño implementado fue el biodigestor de bolsa, realizado con geomembrana y por último el biodigestor de caja fabricado con cemento. Es así que mediante la d...

Proyecto de instalación eléctrica en baja tensión para una vivienda aislada mediante paneles solares y grupo electrógeno, sita en el término municipal de L'Olleria, Valencia

OpenAIRE

APARICI DOMENECH, JOSÉ ENRIQUE

2015-01-01

[ES] Cálculo de las necesidades de confort y diseño de las instalaciones para habitar una vivienda aislada, mediante energías renovables. Aparici Domenech, JE. (2015). Proyecto de instalación eléctrica en baja tensión para una vivienda aislada mediante paneles solares y grupo electrógeno, sita en el término municipal de L'Olleria, Valencia. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/54564. TFGM

Comparison of neurocognitive results after coronary artery bypass grafting and thoracic aortic surgery using retrograde cerebral perfusion.

Science.gov (United States)

Miyairi, Takeshi; Takamoto, Shinichi; Kotsuka, Yutaka; Takeuchi, Atsuko; Yamanaka, Katsuo; Sato, Hajime

2005-07-01

Retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP) is used as an adjunctive method to hypothermic circulatory arrest to enhance cerebral protection in patients undergoing thoracic aortic surgery. It remains unclear whether RCP provides improved neurological and neuropsychological outcome. Forty-six patients undergoing thoracic aortic surgery using RCP, and 28 undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG; n = 28) with CPB, were enrolled in the study. Patients receiving RCP were subdivided into two groups, those with less than 60 min of RCP (S-RCP; n = 27) and with 60 min or more (L-RCP; n = 19). The patients' neurocognitive state was assessed by the revised Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale a few days before operation, at 2-3 weeks and 4-6 months after operation. There were no stroke, seizure, and hospital mortality in either group. Significant decline between baseline and early scores were seen in three subtests (digit span, arithmetic, and picture completion) for S-RCP and four (digit span, arithmetic, picture completion, and picture arrangement) for L-RCP. Significant decline between baseline and late scores were seen in one subtest (arithmetic) for S-RCP, four (digit span, arithmetic, picture completion, and picture arrangement) for L-RCP, and one (object assembly) for CABG. The mean change of scores for one late test (digit symbol) was significantly lower in S-RCP than in CABG. The mean change of scores for three early tests (digit span, vocabulary, and picture arrangement) and four late tests (information, digit span, picture completion, and picture arrangement) were significantly lower in L-RCP than in CABG. Stepwise logistic regression analysis disclosed that, after considering the other variables, significant difference in test score changes were observed between CABG and L-RCP for two early tests (picture completion and digit symbol) as well as for three late tests (digit span, similarities, and picture completion). None of test score changes showed significant

Plasmin cleaves fibrinogen and the human complement proteins C3b and C5 in the presence of Leptospira interrogans proteins: A new role of LigA and LigB in invasion and complement immune evasion.

Science.gov (United States)

Castiblanco-Valencia, Mónica Marcela; Fraga, Tatiana Rodrigues; Pagotto, Ana Helena; Serrano, Solange Maria de Toledo; Abreu, Patricia Antonia Estima; Barbosa, Angela Silva; Isaac, Lourdes

2016-05-01

Plasminogen is a single-chain glycoprotein found in human plasma as the inactive precursor of plasmin. When converted to proteolytically active plasmin, plasmin(ogen) regulates both complement and coagulation cascades, thus representing an important target for pathogenic microorganisms. Leptospira interrogans binds plasminogen, which is converted to active plasmin. Leptospiral immunoglobulin-like (Lig) proteins are surface exposed molecules that interact with extracellular matrix components and complement regulators, including proteins of the FH family and C4BP. In this work, we demonstrate that these multifunctional molecules also bind plasminogen through both N- and C-terminal domains. These interactions are dependent on lysine residues and are affected by ionic strength. Competition assays suggest that plasminogen does not share binding sites with C4BP or FH on Lig proteins at physiological molar ratios. Plasminogen bound to Lig proteins is converted to proteolytic active plasmin in the presence of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). Lig-bound plasmin is able to cleave the physiological substrates fibrinogen and the complement proteins C3b and C5. Taken together, our data point to a new role of LigA and LigB in leptospiral invasion and complement immune evasion. Plasmin(ogen) acquisition by these versatile proteins may contribute to Leptospira infection, favoring bacterial survival and dissemination inside the host. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier GmbH.

Estudio mediante afm de estructuras de silicalita para la separación de gases

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Prádanos, P.

2004-02-01

Full Text Available In this work, we study films of silicalite crystals used in gas separation processes. These crystals were obtained by hydrothermal synthesis during different times and using different gel composition. They were deposited on an alumina support growing in two preferential directions. Finally, the material was placed in a stove at 480ºC during 8 h in order to remove the structurant agent with heating and cooling rates of 0.5 y 2 ºC/min respectively. The resulting surfaces were analysed by atomic force microscopy (AFM in tapping mode in order to notice the deposition of the silicalite crystals in the indicated directions, and also to distinguish the evolution of the nuclei growth. At the same time, the porous structure of silicalite has been determined, leading to results in good agreement with those obtained by other techniques.

En este trabajo se han estudiado láminas de silicalita con aplicación en los procesos de separación de gases. Dichas láminas se han depositado mediante síntesis hidrotermal durante distintos tiempos y usando varias composiciones en el gel precursor. La deposición se hizo sobre un soporte de alúmina con crecimiento preferencial en dos direcciones. Finalmente las láminas se calcinaron a 753 K durante 8 h para eliminar el agente estructurante, usando velocidades de calentamiento y enfriamiento de 0.5 y 1 K/min respectivamente. Las superficies resultantes se han analizado mediante microscopía de fuerza atómica en modo de contacto-intermitente (tapping con el fin de ver si efectivamente se ha conseguido depositar cristales de silicalita en las direcciones indicadas y seguir la evolución de crecimiento de los núcleos. Por otro lado, se ha determinado la estructura porosa de la silicalita comprobando que los resultados concuerdan con los obtenidos por otras técnicas.

Eliminación de cromo de efluentes ácidos, mediante adsorción con wollastonita natural

OpenAIRE

Martín Antonio Encinas Romero; Luis Alberto Núñez Rodríguez; Agustín Gómez Álvarez; Guillermo Del Carmen Tiburcio Munive

2015-01-01

El presente trabajo evalúa las características de la remoción de cromo con wollastonita natural a partir de soluciones sintéticas de cromo (VI) en medio ácido. Para realizar este estudio se desarrolló un diseño factorial 23 en el cual se estudiaron los factores: relación sólido/líquido, concentración de cromo en solución y temperatura. Se analizó el efecto de los factores principales y sus interacciones sobre el porcentaje de remoción de cromo mediante análisis gráficos. Asimismo, se desarr...

Medición de contaminación mediante UAV (Vehículo Aéreo no Tripulado

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Edwin José Vera-Rozo

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta un procedimiento experimental cuyo objetivo es obtener la medición de contaminación en un relleno sanitario (basurero mediante un Vehículo Aéreo no Tripulado (UAV; La metodología utilizada consistió en realizar un procedimiento detallado para la instrumentación de UAV, el cual fue equipamiento con un sistema para la captura y almacenamiento de datos referente a las variables medidas en tiempo real, el cual posteriormente se puso en vuelo y luego se realizo el procesamiento de la información offline; para finalizar se presentan los resultados obtenidos y conclusiones.

Compensación de potencia reactiva mediante bancos asimétricos de capacitores; Reactive Power Compensation by Unbalanced Capacitor Banks

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Ignacio Pérez Abril

2011-02-01

Full Text Available A pesar de que los sistemas de distribución primaria y secundaria son desbalanceados por naturaleza, lacompensación de potencia reactiva en estos sistemas, se realiza comúnmente mediante bancos decondensadores trifásicos balanceados. En este trabajo se presenta la formulación general para el problemade compensación de potencia reactiva en sistemas desbalanceados mediante bancos de condensadoresdesbalanceados. Se presentan cuatro ejemplos de compensación en el secundario de bancos desbalanceadosde transformadores monofásicos. Todos los ejemplos muestran que la compensación por bancosdesbalanceados de capacitores incrementa los beneficios con respecto al uso de bancos balanceados  In spite of the fact that primary and secondary distribution systems are unbalanced by nature, thereactive power compensation on these systems is commonly developed by the use of balanced capacitorbanks. In this paper, the general formulation for the reactive power compensation problem onunbalanced systems with unbalanced capacitor banks is developed. Four examples of reactive powercompensation on the secondary of unbalanced three-phase transformers banks are presented. All theexamples show that the compensation by unbalanced capacitor banks increases the active power lossessaving as well as reduce the transformer’s load and contributes to balance the line currents when the loadis unbalanced.

Application of PCR-based DNA sequencing technique for the detection of Leptospira in peripheral blood of septicemia patients

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Ram, S.

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Aim: Isolation, dark field detection and microscopic agglutination test (MAT are considered ―gold standard‖ tests for diagnosis of Leptospirosis. Several PCR assays are reported but very few have been evaluated for detection of Leptospirosis. Therefore, this study was undertaken. This study aims to design and standardize polymerase chain reaction (PCR - based DNA sequencing technique for the detection of pathogenic Leptospira from peripheral blood of patients clinically diagnosed with septicemia. Methodology and Results: Two hundred and seven (207 blood samples from patients were diagnosed with septicemia which includes 100 bacterial (other than Leptospira culture positive and 107 bacterial culture negative samples were studied. Primers for Nested PCR targeting LipL32 gene of Leptospira interrogans were designed and the specificity of primers was tested against serum samples positive/negative by either MAT or dark field microscopy. PCR amplified products were further confirmed by DNA sequencing. The standardized nPCR was sensitive and specific to Leptospira interrogans. Twenty-one (21% out of 100 culture positive blood samples, three (2.8% out of 107 culture negative samples showed nPCR positivity and were confirmed as Leptospira interrogans by DNA sequencing (p<0.001. A sensitive nPCR specific to Leptospira interrogans was developed. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The p value (<0.001 signifies that Leptospira is commonly associated with other bacteria circulating in blood indicating that a decreased immune status is created primarily by a bacterium with enhanced possibility of development of Leptospiral infection probably be of an endogenous origin.

Vida a la fatiga de juntas soldadas del acero inoxidable AISI 316L obtenidas mediante el proceso GMAW

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Puchi-Cabrera, E. S.

2007-06-01

Full Text Available An investigation has been conducted in order to determine the effect of both the metallic transfer mode (pulsed arc or short circuit and the O2 content in the Ar/O2 gas mixture, of the gas-metal arc welding process (GMAW, on the fatigue life under uniaxial conditions of welded joints of 316L stainless steel. It has been concluded that the mixture of the protective gases employed in the process could have an important influence on the fatigue life of the welded joints of such steel in two different ways. Firstly, through the modification of the radius of curvature at the joint between the welding toe and the base metal and, secondly, through a more pronounced degree of oxidation of the alloying elements induced by a higher O2 content in the mixture. As far as the metallic transfer mode is concerned, it has been determined that the welded joints obtained under a pulsed arc mode show a greater fatigue life in comparison with the joints obtained under short circuit for both gas mixtures.

Se ha llevado a cabo una investigación con la finalidad de determinar el efecto, tanto del modo de transferencia metálica (arco pulsado o cortocircuito como del contenido de O2 en la mezcla de gases protectores Ar/O2, del proceso de soldadura a tope mediante arco metálico con protección gaseosa (GMAW, sobre la vida a la fatiga en condiciones uniaxiales de juntas soldadas del acero inoxidable AISI 316L. Dicho trabajo ha permitido concluir que la composición de la mezcla de gases protectores del proceso GMAW pudiera tener una influencia importante en la vida a la fatiga de las juntas soldadas de dicho material, a través de dos formas distintas: primero, mediante la modificación del radio de curvatura entre la raíz del cordón de soldadura y el metal base y, en segundo lugar, a través del mayor grado de oxidación de los elementos de aleación. En cuanto al modo de transferencia metálica, se determinó que las juntas soldadas mediante arco pulsado

PROMOCIÓN DE LA LECTURA E IDENTIDAD DEPORTIVA MEDIANTE TEXTOS DE HISTORIA DEL DEPORTE

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José Guillermo Montero Quesada

2016-04-01

Full Text Available En el artículo se expone una experiencia de promoción de la lectura desarrollada mediante un proyecto conjunto de la Facultad de Cultura Física y la biblioteca de la Universidad de Las Tunas. Se fundamenta en aspectos teóricos de la promoción de la lectura y de la identidad deportiva, ambas variables tienen salida práctica en actividades donde confluyen diversas manifestaciones del arte y la literatura con la actividad física y el deporte. El objetivo del trabajo consiste en reflexionar en torno a la necesidad de asumir alternativas de cómo influir en la formación integral de los estudiantes universitarios de la carrera de Cultura Física, con énfasis en los conocimientos históricos y culturales.

EVALUACIÓN DE LA DEGRADACIÓN Y MINERALIZACIÓN DEL MALATIÓN USANDO FOTOCATÁLISIS MEDIANTE UN COLECTOR SOLAR

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Diana Catalina Rodriguez

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Se empleó un colector solar para evaluar la degradación del malatión en una solución acuosa de 15 _g/L del plaguicida, usando tres concentraciones diferentes de dióxido de titanio (100, 200 y 250 mg/L y peróxido de hidrógeno (H2O2 al 30% como agente oxidante. La disminución de la concentración del malatión se determinó por cromatografía de gases con detector de microcaptura de electrones (CG-_ECD, previa extracción de las muestras con discos C18, y la mineralización se determinó mediante análisis de carbono orgánico total (COT. El proceso de degradación se evaluó durante 16 horas, durante las cuales, se registró la energía solar incidente mediante un radiómetro (Kipp & Zonen, modelo CUV 3. En la fotolisis se alcanzó un porcentaje de degradación de 58,8% y en la fotocatálisis, con 250 mg/L de TiO2 y 10 mL/h de H2O2, se obtuvo 98,7% de degradación. El porcentaje de mineralización alcanzado durante la fotocatálisis fue de 73%.

Estudio de la microestructura femoral de pacientes con coxartrosis y con fractura de cadera mediante micro-TAC

OpenAIRE

Sainz-Aja Guerra, J.A.; Alonso, M.A.; Ferreño Blanco, D.; Pérez-Núñez, M.I.; Ruiz Martínez, E.; García-Ibarbia, C.; Casado del Prado, J.A.; Gutiérrez-Solana, F.; Riancho, J.A.

2016-01-01

La disminución de la densidad mineral ósea (DMO), es decir, del volumen de tejido óseo por unidad de volumen del esqueleto, es característica de la osteoporosis, mientras que se ha sugerido que la artrosis se acompaña de un aumento de la DMO a nivel local y sistémico. Para comprobar esta hipótesis analizamos mediante microTAC el hueso trabecular de la cabeza femoral de 10 pacientes con fractura de cadera y 9 con coxartrosis. El análisis no reveló diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos ...

Estudio de aleaciones amorfas Hf_1-x Cu_x mediante correlaciones angulares perturbadas

OpenAIRE

Damonte, Laura Cristina

1988-01-01

Con la intención de contribuir a un mejor entendimiento de la estructura atómica local en aleaciones del tipo MT-MT, en este trabajo de tesis se realiza un estudio, mediante la aplicación de la técnica TDPAC, sobre aleaciones amorfas Hf1-x Cux (x=0.33, 0.44, 0.50, 0.59) y sus contrapartes cristalinas. Muy pocos trabajos han sido publicados sobre este sistema. El objetivo general de este trabajo es analizar el orden local en estas aleaciones, su evolución con tratamientos térmicos (r...

Análisis comparativo de distintas toolkits para el reconocimiento biométrico de personas mediante voz

OpenAIRE

Ruíz, Silvia; Miranda, Ernesto; Herlein, Mauro; Etchart, Graciela; Alvez, Carlos E.

2017-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un análisis comparativo de distintas toolkits para el reconocimiento biométrico de personas mediante voz. Hoy en día los sistemas de identificación de personas se han convertido en una necesidad para la sociedad. A medida que avanza la tecnología y la aplicación de la misma en entornos tanto de ocio como de seguridad, la evolución en desarrollo biométrico es muy grande. Los sistemas de identificación o verificación tradicionales (tarjetas o claves) se h...

Decreased erytrocyte osmotic fragility during canine leptospirosis Diminuição da fragilidade osmótica eritrocitária na leptospirose canina

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Marcelo L. Santoro

1994-02-01

Full Text Available Erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF was carried out in nineteen dogs naturally infected by Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae/copenhagi. A decreased EOF was observed, suggesting a modification of erythrocyte components secondary to disturbances that occur during canine leptospirosis, such as renal damage and hepatic disease.A fragilidade osmótica eritrocitária foi estudada em dezenove cães infectados naturalmente pela Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae/copenhagi. Observou-se uma redução da fragilidade osmótica eritrocitária, sem a presença de anemia, possivelmente relacionada aos distúrbios hepato-renais que ocorrem nesta patologia.

Sistema “Gestor Fiducia Fondos JEE” Mediante Servicios de Cloud Computing, Estudio de Factibilidad e Implementación

OpenAIRE

Unda, Priscila; Coral, Henry; Marcillo, Diego

2016-01-01

Este proyecto presenta el estudio de factibilidad y el diseño e implementación del sistema “Gestor Fiducia Fondos JEE”, mediante servicios en la nube computacional. Para llevarlo a cabo, se realizó una evaluación técnica de tres importantes proveedores de nubes computacionales Amazon Ec2, Rackspace, y Terremark, valorando la calidad del soporte, costos, escalabilidad y usabilidad. Posteriormente, se realizó el diseño y definición de una infraestructura básica, media y superior que permita alb...

Reducción de percloroetileno y cromo hexavalente mediante FE(0) y bioestimulación de microorganismos anaerobios

OpenAIRE

VÁZQUEZ MORILLAS, Alethia; VACA MIER, Mabel; BELTRÁN VILLAVICENCIO, Margarita; LÓPEZ CALLEJAS, Raymundo; ÁLVAREZ, Pedro J

2007-01-01

En este trabajo se estudiaron las interacciones Fe-microorganismos simulando el entorno de una barrera reactiva permeable (BRP), para la reducción de percloroetileno (PCE) y cromo hexavalente en acuíferos contaminados. La bioestimulación de los microorganismos se llevó a cabo mediante la adición de un cosustrato para el desarrollo de las comunidades microbianas presentes de manera natural en el suelo. Se empleó un compuesto comercial que libera hidrógeno (HRC, por sus siglas en inglés) a tasa...

Optimización del transporte de mercancías mediante el transporte marítimo de corta distancia

OpenAIRE

Ametller i Malfaz, Xavier

2007-01-01

El tema que se plantea en el estudio es el de la distribución de mercancías mediante el Transporte Marítimo de Corta Distancia (TMCD). El actual desequilibrio entre modos de transporte en la distribución de mercancías entre países de la Unión Europea ha llevado a la saturación las infraestructuras de transporte terrestres, especialmente las carreteras. Por este motivo, resulta de vital importancia analizar distintas alternativas de transporte más sostenibles y que racionalicen el ...

Soberanía y seguridad alimentaria mediante la oferta gastronómica tradicional en la Paz-Carchi-Ecuador

OpenAIRE

Rueda Estrada, Oliva Del Socorro

2017-01-01

Determinar la oferta gastronómica tradicional de la Paz mediante los principios de seguridad y soberanía alimentaria El presente trabajo investigativo pretende insertarse a través de la perspectiva sociocultural ambiental y turística para estudiar la historia y los acontecimientos recientes en la cocina gastronómica de los expendedores de comida en la Gruta La paz. El estudio analizó las representaciones sociales de la gastronomía como un punto de referencia para la definición de la identi...

Caracterización química y sensorial de condimentos de fruta obtenidos mediante doble fermentación

OpenAIRE

Úbeda Aguilera, Cristina

2012-01-01

Justificación Tradicionalmente, los vinagres de calidad han sido elaborados a partir de vino de uva. Hoy en día, podemos encontrar en el mercado vinagres de uva que se aromatizan con concentrados de otras frutas en la última etapa de elaboración. La demanda de nuevos productos de calidad por parte de los consumidores, encamina la producción de vinagre hacia la diversificación mediante el empleo de nuevas materias primas. La fruta es una materia prima perecedera, y transformándola median...

Protocolo para la producción de plantas dihaploides de trigo duro mediante cruzamientos con maíz

OpenAIRE

García Llamas, Carmen

2011-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido desarrollar un protocolo para producir plantas dihaploides de trigo duro, mediante cruzamientos con maíz, que permita acortar la duración de los programas de mejora de esta especie. Entre las variantes de este método se ha elegido el cultivo de tallos cortados, porque permite controlar las condiciones ambientales durante el desarrollo de los embriones y abaratar los costes de aplicación de las hormonas. Se han abordado y mejorado tres aspectos de esta técni...

Análisis de los cambios espectrales del EEG producidos por el entrenamiento neurocognitivo mediante una interfaz cerebro-ordenador

OpenAIRE

Gómez Pilar, Javier; Corralejo Palacios, Rebeca; Martínez Cagigal, Víctor; Álvarez González, Daniel; Hornero Sánchez, Roberto

2015-01-01

Producción Científica Los sistemas cerebro-ordenador (Brain-Computer Interfaces, BCIs) se han convertido no sólo en una herramienta asistencial para personas con discapacidad, sino también en una manera de rehabilitar ciertas funciones motoras o cognitivas. La plasticidad cerebral puede ser restaurada en una función cerebral normal mediante la inducción de acontecimientos que varíen la actividad cerebral. La sincronización/desincronización voluntaria de la activi...

68. Monitorización de oxigenación cerebral mediante invos® en cierre de comunicación interauricular a corazón latiendo

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A. Jiménez Aceituna

2012-04-01

Conclusiones: El cierre de CIA a corazón latiendo es una técnica segura y efectiva. El control, mediante Invos®, de la oxigenación cerebral es una herramienta útil como indicador de perfusión cerebral y un método fiable para detectar embolias gaseosas.

Integración de un sistema de pago para móvil mediante un intermediario para una aplicación WAP

OpenAIRE

Paradell Cases, David

2012-01-01

Nou sistema de pagament per mòbil. [ANGLÈS] Integration of a mobile payment system using Mobile 365 company to a WAP application. [CASTELLÀ] Integración de un sistema de pago para móvil mediante Mobile 365 para una aplicación WAP. [CATALÀ] Integració d'un sistema de pagament per mòbil mitjançant Mobile 365 per a una aplicació WAP.

VALORACIÓN DE INMUEBLES COMERCIALES MEDIANTE LA APLICACIÓN DEL MÉTODO DE CAPITALIZACIÓN DIRECTA Y EL MÉTODO DE FLUJOS DE CAJA DESCONTADOS

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Alejandro Vargas Sanchez

2017-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente documento se exponen los conceptos relacionados con la valoración de Inmuebles Comerciales. El objetivo principal fue la determinación del valor de este tipo de bienes raíces mediante la aplicación de dos métodos: el primero Capitalización Directa y el segundo Flujos de Caja Descontados, para ambos métodos fue necesario estimar la Utilidad Operativa Neta por concepto del arrendamiento que percibe el propietario del inmueble, un aspecto importante en la investigación fue la determinación de la tasa de capitalización la cual fue calculada a partir de información primaria recabada sobre el arrendamiento por metro cuadrado y el valor de mercado de inmuebles comparables en la ciudad de La Paz. Los resultados alcanzados mediante ambos métodos de valoración presentaron diferencias que se explican principalmente porque se utilizaron diferentes tasas de crecimiento en las utilidades esperadas.

Efecto de la incorporación de Hf en el crecimiento de los recubrimientos de Al sobre aceros ferrítico-martensíticos mediante CVD-FBR

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Francisco Javier Bolívar

2010-01-01

Full Text Available En las últimas décadas, ha habido un marcado interés por aumentar la temperatura y la presión de vapor en las plantas de generación de energía con el propósito de disminuir el consumo de combustibles. Así, se conseguiría reducir las emisiones de contaminantes tales como CO2 SO2 y NOx. Para lograr estas mejoras, se requiere por un lado desarrollar nuevosaceros ferríticos-martensíticos con contenidos de Cr entre 9-12% y por otro lado, mediante la ingeniería de superficies, mejorar la resistencia a la oxidación de los ya existentes. En el presente trabajo se obtuvieron recubrimientos de Al y de Al-Hf y evaluó el efecto de la adición del Hf al lecho sobre el crecimiento de los recubrimientos de Al. Previamente a la obtención de los recubrimientos, se realizó un estudio termodinámico mediante el programa Themocalc y, de acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, se depositaron las capas de Al y Al-Hf a tres temperaturas diferentes en el rango de 500 a 600 °C. Los recubrimientos fueron caracterizados mediante DRX y MEB/EDAX. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos se determinó que para ambos casos las capas estaban fundamentalmente formadas por los compuestos intermetálicos Fe2Al5 y FeAl3.

Future climate and surface mass balance of Svalbard glaciers in an RCP8.5 climate scenario: a study with the regional climate model MAR forced by MIROC5

Science.gov (United States)

Lang, C.; Fettweis, X.; Erpicum, M.

2015-05-01

We have performed a future projection of the climate and surface mass balance (SMB) of Svalbard with the MAR (Modèle Atmosphérique Régional) regional climate model forced by MIROC5 (Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate), following the RCP8.5 scenario at a spatial resolution of 10 km. MAR predicts a similar evolution of increasing surface melt everywhere in Svalbard followed by a sudden acceleration of melt around 2050, with a larger melt increase in the south compared to the north of the archipelago. This melt acceleration around 2050 is mainly driven by the albedo-melt feedback associated with the expansion of the ablation/bare ice zone. This effect is dampened in part as the solar radiation itself is projected to decrease due to a cloudiness increase. The near-surface temperature is projected to increase more in winter than in summer as the temperature is already close to 0 °C in summer. The model also projects a stronger winter west-to-east temperature gradient, related to the large decrease of sea ice cover around Svalbard. By 2085, SMB is projected to become negative over all of Svalbard's glaciated regions, leading to the rapid degradation of the firn layer.

Pronóstico del IPC de la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores Mediante el Uso de Reglas y Redes Neuronales

OpenAIRE

Cázares Carrillo, Juan G.

2004-01-01

La presente investigación es un esfuerzo para el desarrollo de un pronosticador con resultados aceptables para el mercado de valores destinándose su uso como una herramienta de apoyo a la toma de decisiones financieras. El pronóstico se realiza mediante la identificación de patrones utilizando como herramientas técnicas de Inteligencia Artificial, específicamente Redes Neuronales de Retropropagación y Algoritmos Genéticos. Las principales aportaciones de la presente investigación son: la dete...

Predictor de Smith modificado mediante un modelo interno, robusto a perturbaciones externas no medibles.

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Fernando Castillo García

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Se propone una modificación de la estructura del predictor de Smith mediante un modelo interno que posibilita aumentar su rechazo al efecto de las per-turbaciones externas no medibles en comparación con la estructura clásica del predictor de Smith. Los resultados obtenidos se aplican en el diseño de un sistema de control del proceso de variación de la temperatura del jugo en los calentadores de una fábrica de azúcar. Los resultados de la simulación del sistema diseñado mostraron su efectividad y robustez en cuanto al rechazo de perturbaciones externas no medibles. Palabras claves: Predictor de Smith, predictor de Smith modificado, rechazo a perturbaciones externas no medibles, robustez de los sistemas de control.

Effectiveness of quenchers to reduce radiolysis of (111)In- or (177)Lu-labelled methionine-containing regulatory peptides. Maintaining radiochemical purity as measured by HPLC.

Science.gov (United States)

de Blois, Erik; Chan, Ho Sze; Konijnenberg, Mark; de Zanger, Rory; Breeman, Wouter A P

2012-01-01

An overview how to measure and to quantify radiolysis by the addition of quenchers and to maintain Radio-Chemical Purity (RCP) of vulnerable methionine-containing regulatory peptides is presented. High RCP was only achieved with a combination of quenchers. However, quantification of RCP is not standardized, and therefore comparison of radiolabelling and RCP of regulatory peptides between different HPLC-systems and between laboratories is cumbersome. Therefore we suggest a set of standardized requirements to quantify RCP by HPLC for radiolabelled DTPA- or DOTA-peptides. Moreover, a dosimetry model was developed to calculate the doses in the reaction vials during radiolabelling and storage of the radiopeptides, and to predict RCP in the presence and absence of quenchers. RCP was measured by HPLC, and a relation between radiation dose and radiolysis of RCP was established. The here described quenchers are tested individually as ƒ(concentration) to investigate efficacy to reduce radiolysis of radiolabelled methionine-containing regulatory peptides.

PREVALENCIA DE LA ENFERMEDAD RENAL CRÓNICA DETERMINADA MEDIANTE LA APLICACIÓN DE ECUACIONES PREDICTIVAS EN PERSONAS HIPERTENSAS ATENDIDAS EN ATENCION PRIMARIA

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Rafael Gómez Navarro

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC constituye un importante problema de salud en las sociedades desarrolladas vinculado al progresivo envejecimiento de la población y a la elevada prevalencia de patologías como la hipertensión arterial (HTA y la diabetes mellitus. Los objetivos de este trabajo son: estudiar la función renal (FR en las personas hipertensas mediante ecuaciones predictivas y creatinina plasmática (Crp. Conocer el porcentaje de personas con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC que presentan valores normales de Crp. Analizar los factores que colaboran en el deterioro de su FR. Metodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal de las personas con hipertensión arterial (HTA. Se determinó Crp y tensión arterial (TA. Se calculó el filtrado glomerular mediante las fórmulas de Cockroft-Gault y MDRD. Se registraron los años de evolución de la HTA. Se realizó estudio descriptivo de las variables estudiadas y se analizó la posible dependencia entre algunas mediante regresión lineal múltiple.. Resultados: Se estudió un total de 52 pacientes (57,7% mujeres. Edad media 72,4 ± 10,8. Un 32,6% (Cockcroft-Gault o un 21,5% (MDRD cumplían criterio de ERC. Predomina la ERC en las mujeres. El 21,4% (Cockcroft-Gault y 9,5% (MDRD de pacientes con ERC tenían valores normales de Crp. No encontramos dependencia lineal entre las cifras de TA y la FR. El cumplimiento de los objetivos de TA no supone un menor desarrollo de ERC. En los varones encontramos dependencia lineal entre la FR (MDRD y los años de evolución de la HTA. Conclusiones: La ERC es una patología frecuente en las personas hipertensas. La utilización sistemática de ecuaciones predictivas facilita la detección de ERC oculta en pacientes con Crp normal.

VEGETACIÓN DEL PARQUE COPAHUE: APLICACIÓN DE UNA METODOLOGÍA BIOCLIMÁTICA MEDIANTE EL USO DE INFORMACIÓN SATELITAL Y SIG

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Oscar Peña

2003-12-01

Full Text Available La distribución de la vegetación natural se encuentra en intima relación con el comportamiento de los elementos climáticos tal como la temperatura y la humedad. Asimismo la altitud, la orientación (exposición a la radiación y la pendiente modifican dicho comportamiento. El Parque Provincial Copahue, localizado en la Provincia de Neuquen, en la cordillera norpatagónica, presenta características biogeográficas y particularidades ecogeomorfológicas que evidencian el marcado efecto de las variables climáticas. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar las relaciones de dichas variables mediante la utilización de una metodología bioclimática y el tratamiento digital de imágenes Landsat Tm. Metodológicamente se procedió en tres pasos. El primero consistió en la clasificación supervisada de la imagen satelital. De esto surgió una carta de vegetación del parque. En el segundo paso se digitalizó cartografía 1:100.000 con la que se obtuvo un modelo digital de elevación, mapa de pendiente y de orientación de laderas, de temperaturas y precipitaciones. En el tercero, se confeccionó una base de datos para la aplicación de una metodología bioclimática (Rivas y Martínez.1994 que permitió, mediante la aplicación del SIG delimitar los bioclimas del parque. La información de vegetación obtenida mediante la clasificación digital de la imagen satelital fue cruzada con el mapa bioclimático, el mapa topográfico, de pendiente, orientación y de las variables climáticas consideradas, a fin de conocer el grado de interrelación entre la distribución de la vegetación con las variables físicas tratadas.

Modelo de gestión de la red de distribución tercerizada segmento tiendas región central, en productos de consumo masivo, mediante datos de panel y simulación de Monte Carlo.

OpenAIRE

Pulido Quintero, Miguel Angel

2013-01-01

El proyecto de investigación parte de la dinámica del modelo de distribución tercerizada para una compañía de consumo masivo en Colombia, especializada en lácteos, que para este estudio se ha denominado “Lactosa”. Mediante datos de panel con estudio de caso, se construyen dos modelos de demanda por categoría de producto y distribuidor y mediante simulación estocástica, se identifican las variables relevantes que inciden sus estructuras de costos. El problema se modela a partir del esta...

Obtención de extractos de membrana externa de Vibrio cholerae O1, mediante el uso de diferentes detergentes

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José Luis Pérez

2006-04-01

Full Text Available En la actualidad existen dos variantes principales de vacunas orales contra el cólera: una basada en células inactivadas de diferentes biotipos y serotipos y otra basada en la administración de cepas vivas genéticamente atenuadas. Una vacuna por subunidades pudiera ser una variante muy atractiva. Este trabajo describe la purificación parcial y caracterización preliminar de extractos de proteínas de membrana externa-lipopolisacárido (PME-LPS, obtenidos a partir de Vibrio cholerae O1, con el interés de seleccionar un proteoliposoma que posteriormente será estructurado en forma de cocleatos para su uso por vía oral en humanos. Las preparaciones fueron obtenidas a través del uso de diferentes detergentes. La cantidad de LPS en cada preparación fue estimada mediante la determinación de las unidades endotóxicas en el ensayo del Limulus (LAL. La composición de cada muestra fue evaluada mediante SDS-PAGE y Dot Blot. La inoculación intranasal (IN en ratones Balb/c se utilizó para la evaluación de la inmunogenicidad de las preparaciones, y la respuesta inmune fue determinada por ELISA y el título de anticuerpos vibriocidas. El tamaño molecular de la preparación con mejores resultados en inmunogenicidad se estimó mediante la cromatografía en Sephacryl S-1000. Se obtuvieron diferentes perfiles electroforéticos de acuerdo con el tipo de detergente utilizado. El LPS fue identificado en todas las preparaciones y aquella obtenida con el SDS al 15% mostró la más baja relación proteínas/LPS y los mejores resultados en los ensayos de inmunogenicidad. Adicionalmente se comprobó que su tamaño molecular es similar al observado en el proteoliposoma de VAMENGOC- BC. La preparación obtenida con el SDS al 15% constituye un proteoliposoma, con capacidad para estimular altos niveles de anticuerpos IgG anti-LPS y altos títulos de anticuerpos vibriocidas, luego de su administración por vía intranasal en ratones. Estos resultados constituyen

Obtención de microestructuras de grano ultrafino en aleaciones de aluminio mediante extrusión en canal angular (ECAE

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Alkorta, J.

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Al 5083 samples have been subjected to 90º equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE at 270ºC. After ECAE, the microhardness was measured and the texture for the plane perpendicular to the extrusion direction was analysed by X-Rays and EBSD. The microstructure was characterized by optical microscopy and EBSD. As deformation accumulates the hardness increases until it reaches saturation at an effective strain of about ε∼4. With regard to the texture, it has been shown that a high density of {111} planes are oriented parallel to the shear plane of the last pass.

Varias muestras de aluminio 5083 se han sometido a extrusiones en canal angular de 90º a 270ºC. A continuación se midieron las durezas de las muestras obtenidas y se caracterizó la textura en el plano perpendicular a la dirección de extrusión mediante Rayos-X y difracción de electrones retrodispersados (EBSD. La caracterización microestructural se hizo mediante microscopio óptico y EBSD. Se ha observado que la dureza aumenta sensiblemente con el grado de deformación y que alcanza un nivel máximo de saturación a partir de ε∼4. En cuanto a la textura, se observa que los planos {111} tienden a orientarse paralelos al plano de la última cortadura.

Determinación de condiciones para encapsulación de proteasa mediante electroatomización

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Yessica Lorena Díaz

2016-06-01

Full Text Available La encapsulación es un método mediante el cual, sustancias bioactivas son introducidas en una matriz para evitar su pérdida y asimismo, facilitar su incorporación en diferentes productos; no obstante, durante este proceso, es preciso tener en cuenta la técnica y las condiciones de proceso para conseguir la formación de capsulas. El objetivo fue determinar las condiciones adecuadas para encapsulación de proteasa mediante electroatomización. La evaluación del proceso se realizó en función de las variables independientes: voltaje, concentración de material de recubrimiento y el flujo de alimentación; además de las variables dependientes: características del espectro y morfología. A las partículas obtenidas se les midió las características morfológicas (microscopía y de espectro (Raman. Los resultados mostraron que, las condiciones que permitieron la encapsulación fueron las realizadas a un voltaje de 13kV, empleando un material de recubrimiento con un aporte de solidos solubles totales de 55% y un flujo de alimentación de 0,1mL/h; presentando formación de cápsulas esféricas con espectros (Raman en el intervalo de 200 a 700cm-1; observando el pico más alto correspondiente a la enzima a 515cm-1 y tamaños entre 0,035 y 1,185μm. A partir de los resultados, se infiere que la electroatomización puede ser considerada como una técnica viable para la encapsulación de enzima proteasa, siempre y cuando se establezcan las condiciones de proceso que son propias de cada solución, permitiendo de esta manera el desarrollo de productos (aditivos que posteriormente puedan llegar a ser incorporados a otros.

Pesquisa de leptospiras e de anticorpos contra leptospiras em animais e humanos de propriedades rurais nos biomas brasileiros Pantanal e Caatinga

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Felipe Jorge da Silva

2015-09-01

Full Text Available The occurrence of Leptospira and of seroreactivity against Leptospira was investigated in animals and humans from six farms located in two Brazilian biomes that have different geoclimatic conditions: Pantanal – municipalities of Miranda (MS, Itiquira (MT and Pocone (MT and Caatinga – municipalities of Sobradinho (BA, Garanhuns (PE and Sobral (BA. Blood and urine samples of wildlife, domestic animals and humans were collected at each property. The samples were collected from February to April 2012 in Caatinga and from July to September 2012 in Pantanal. The serological reactivity against Leptospira spp. was verified by microscopic agglutination technique (MAT made with a collection consisting by 24 antigens of Leptospira spp. The leptospires research was carried out by urine samples crop sown in Fletcher resources and Ellinghausen – McCullough – Johnson – Harris (EMJH. Crops with growth of leptospires were referred to the Leptospirosis Laboratory of the Institute of Pathobiology, National Institute of Agricultural Technology, Buenos Aires, Argentina and isolated Leptospira strains were genotyped with the technique of Multiple Locus Variable Number Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA. The classification procedure employed the VNTR 4, 7, 9, 10, 19, 23, 31, LB4 and LB5, which discriminate strains of L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii. In Pantanal, 17 wildlife, 65 domestic animals and two humans were examined. In Caatinga, seven wild animals were examined, along with 100 domestic animals and 26 humans. Of 84 blood samples tested in Pantanal, 47 (55.95% were positive and, of 133 in Caatinga, 59 (44.36% were reactant. By Fisher’s exact test, considering a 0.05 significance level, there was no difference between the proportions of serum reagent animals against Leptospira spp. in two biome reviews (p = 0.063. The predominant serovars in SAM reactions were: 1 Pantanal – Bratislava (wildlife, dogs and humans, Grippotyphosa (horses and cattle; 2

Medición del flujo de neutrinos cósmicos ultra energéticos mediante detectores de superficie

OpenAIRE

Pieroni, Pablo Emanuel

2016-01-01

Esta Tesis estudia la medición de neutrinos cósmicos ultra energéticos mediante detectores de superficie. Básicamente existen dos mecanismos a través de los cuales los neutrinos en el rango del EeV pueden inducir señales distinguibles a nivel de superficie. El primero consiste en la interacción de un neutrino en la atmósfera, via corrientes cargadas o neutras, y la subsiguiente producción de una cascada atmosférica extendida descendente. El segundo se basa en la interacción de un neutrino tau...

Creación de marca mediante la utilización de mecanismos estratégicos comunitarios y marketing

OpenAIRE

Melo Lopez, Paula Daniela; Fajardo Carrillo, María Alejandra

2016-01-01

El presente documento pretende mostrar la manera como se debe ejecutar la creación de marca mediante la utilización de mecanismos estratégicos comunitarios y marketing. El objetivo del estudio se basa en encontrar los mecanismos adecuados para el desarrollo y creación de una marca enfocándose en el análisis de las principales prácticas y modelos desarrollados en el área del marketing, examinando el impacto que la marca pueda generar en la comunidad en la cual la organización está incluida, es...

Galactosemia: Diagnóstico precoz mediante estudio enzimático

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Úrsula Carrillo Estrada

2003-09-01

Full Text Available Se presentan los resultados obtenidos del estudio realizado a un paciente masculino de 45 días de nacido, cuyo motivo de ingreso fue pérdida de peso, decaimiento, retraso psicomotor y crisis de hipoglucemia. Los síntomas comenzaron en el período neonatal y coincidieron con la introducción de la lactancia materna. En estudios realizados se constató en la orina la presencia de lactosa y galactosa. Se confirma el diagnóstico por estudio enzimático. La evolución clínica ha sido satisfactoria. El tratamiento dietético que excluía a los alimentos que contienen galactosa y lactosa fue de mucha importancia. Es el primer caso diagnosticado en Cuba mediante estudio enzimático.This paper presents the results of a study performed on a 45-day old male patient who was admitted to the hospital for weight loss, tiredness, psychomotor retardation and hypoglicemic crisis. The symptoms had begun in the neonatal period and had coincided with the introduction of breast feeding. The studies detected lactose and galactose in urine. The enzymatic study confirmed the diagnosis. The clinical recovery was satisfactory. The dietary treatment that excluded foods containing galactose and lactose was important and successful. He is the first case diagnosed on enzymatic study in Cuba.

Propuesta de la certificación energética, mediante simulación dinámica, como herramienta de gestión energética ISO 50001 Versus auditoria energética en edificios.

OpenAIRE

Rey Hernández, Javier María; Rey Hernández, Alberto; Velasco, Eloy; San José, Julio; Rey Martinez, Francisco Javier

2017-01-01

Producción Científica El objetivo es el estudio de la gestión energética ISO 50001, mediante las herramientas de sistema de gestión tales como la auditoría energética y compararlo con la certificación energética mediante simulación dinámica, aplicadas a un edificio universitario estándar. La metodología empleada para alcanzar unos resultados de ahorro y eficiencia energética, aplicados a un edificio universitario, pretenden servir de modelo para poder extrapolarlos a edificios que compo...

Propuesta de mejora de habilidades sociales en niños con discapacidad intelectual mediante la terapia asistida por animales

OpenAIRE

Bermejo Lorenzo, Julia

2015-01-01

Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado se centra en la aplicación práctica de un programa de mejora de la Educación Socioemocional, utilizando como herramienta innovadora la Terapia Asistida con Animales de Compañía, aplicándose a un caso real de un alumno con Parálisis Cerebral y Discapacidad Intelectual asociada. Los objetivos de las actividades están centrados en el desarrollo de la autoconciencia, el autocontrol, la conciencia social y la toma de decisiones responsables. Mediante este proyecto se p...

Propuesta de Configuración y de Método de Inspección de Uniones Mixtas Mediante Pernos Conectores

OpenAIRE

Aznar López, Antonio

2013-01-01

La utilización conjunta de los soportes de acero con los forjados de hormigón armado aúna las ventajas constructivas y arquitectónicas de ambos sistemas de ejecución. El principal inconveniente que se presenta es la complejidad de sus nudos. Las uniones estructurales viga-pilar mediante pernos tipo Nelson o Köco aparecen sólo ocasionalmente en el mundo de la edificación. Los casos en los que esto ocurre normalmente corresponden a obras de especial singularidad, a uniones secundarias o a ancla...

Optimización del abatimiento del nivel freático para una excavación mediante el programa Modflow

OpenAIRE

Hidalgo Pérez, Jesús

2015-01-01

En este trabajo se aborda un problema de abatimiento de nivel freático en una excavación mediante el empleo de métodos numéricos. La estructura del documento describe, en primer lugar, los fundamentos teóricos del flujo de agua en medios porosos. Posteriormente se hace una descripción sucinta del programa Modflow (Langevin et al, 2003), herramienta numérica utilizada para la resolución de las ecuaciones de gobierno, y del entorno de ventanas de la interfaz Visual Modflow Profes...

Sarcomas primarios de hueso: estudio por citometría estática mediante análisis digital de imagen

OpenAIRE

Hernández Cortés, P.; Aneiros Cachaza, J.; Ramírez Tortosa, C. L.; O'Valle Tarrasa, F.; Andújar Sánchez, M.

1997-01-01

Se presenta un estudio morfométrico y densitométrico mediante análisis digital de imagen de una serie de 50 tumores óseos malignos (32 osteosarcomas, 12 condrosarcomas y 6 histiocitomas fibrosos malignos de hueso), con el fin de evaluar la utilidad de la técnica para establecer el grado y el pronóstico de estas neoplasias. Las variables morfométricas y la disposición de la cromatina guardan una estrecha relación con el grado histológico (Spearman; p < 0,05) y muestran diferenci...

Analítica del aprendizaje en un entorno virtual mediante un sistema de computación cognitiva: estudio preliminar

OpenAIRE

Larry Lugo Urribarrí

2016-01-01

En esta investigación se aplicaron métodos de la Analítica del Aprendizaje en el estudio de los datos masivos provenientes de la plataforma virtual de Fruticultura, mediante el sistema de computación cognitiva IBM Watson, basado en inteligencia artificial y aprendizaje automático. Se analizaron los registros de las evaluaciones en línea, así como las interacciones sociales en los foros para determinar su influencia sobre el desempeño estudiantil, durante los períodos lectivos desde el2006 has...

32. Ampliación de la raíz aórtica mediante técnica de manouguian en cardiopatías congénitas del adulto

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M.T. González López

2012-04-01

Conclusiones: En casos seleccionados, la ampliación de raíz aórtica mediante técnica de Manouguian resulta eficaz en el manejo de la patología valvular asociada a cardiopatías congénitas del adulto.

Micromecanizado de materiales cerámicos mediante láser de femtosegundo

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Moreno, P.

2005-02-01

Full Text Available In this work, we present the application of ultrashort and intense laser pulses (110 fs @ 1 kHz; up to 1.1 mJ/pulse to the micromachining of ceramics, specifically RubalitTM708S, a material based on alumina and widely used as a substrate in microelectronics. The mechanism for removing material is the so called direct ablation. It differs from thermal ablation of conventional lasers in the practically total absence of thermal effects which produces a remarkable increase of quality and precision of the machining. By means of an optical diffraction-based technique we find out the energy density threshold to work in the direct ablation regime. Adjusting the energy per pulse as well as the number of pulses, we are able to drill holes of the desired diameter and depth. In addition, processing is developed in air. We also demonstrate that high quality fs-laser micromachining is suitable for every ceramic, whatever the mechanical properties, with similar working parameters. In order to show this point, we have also processed sintered SiN, a material of wide-ranging interest in industry.

En este trabajo presentamos la aplicación de pulsos láser ultracortos (110 fs @ 1 kHz; hasta 1.1 mJ/pulso al micromecanizado de materiales cerámicos, en concreto RubalitTM708S, un material compuesto principalmente de alúmina y empleado en la industria microelectrónica. El mecanismo de eliminación de material es la ablación directa, que difiere de la ablación térmica empleada por los láseres convencionales en la prácticamente total ausencia de efectos térmicos, lo que redunda en un aumento significativo de la precisión y calidad del mecanizado. Mediante técnicas basadas en la difracción óptica determinamos el umbral de energía necesario para que tenga lugar el proceso de ablación directa. Con ese dato y regulando la energía por pulso y el número de pulsos somos capaces de producir mecanizados del diámetro y profundidad deseados. Además, el

Análisis de contaminantes en aguas residuales industriales mediante espectrofotometría de absorción molecular y atómica

OpenAIRE

Torres Andrés, Adrián

2017-01-01

Las aguas residuales suponen un grave problema incrementado con el desarrollo industrial. Las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales son muy importantes para preservar el medioambiente y eliminar compuestos contaminantes. Es interesante desarrollar métodos analíticos sencillos y robustos para determinar contaminantes como metales, amonio o cianuro y conocer la calidad del agua. Este trabajo recoge determinaciones de este tipo de compuestos en aguas residuales industriales mediante espectr...

Tamaño auricular y realce miocárdico en la miocardiopatía hipertrófica mediante resonancia magnética

OpenAIRE

Méndez Díaz, María Cristina

2016-01-01

[Resumen] Antecedentes y objetivos: La fibrosis miocárdica puede detectarse en la miocardiopatía hipertrófica (MCH) mediante resonancia magnética (RM) con realce tardío de gadolinio. La fibrosis miocárdica y el tamaño de la aurícula izquierda (AI) pueden relacionarse con eventos adversos. Analizamos la relación entre la presencia y extensión del realc...

Molecular characterization of Leptospira sp by multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA from clinical samples: a case report

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Hélène Pailhoriès

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infection for which diagnosis is difficult. It has appeared as a global emerging infectious disease over recent years. Genotype determination often requires a Leptospira strain obtained by culture, which is a long and fastidious technique. A method based on multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA to determine the genotype of Leptospira interrogans, performed directly on blood or urine samples, is proposed. This method was applied to a fatal case of leptospirosis for which the geographical origin of infection was unknown. This technique will allow a genotype to be obtained for L. interrogans, even when cultures remain negative.

Past and future sea-level change from the surface mass balance of glaciers

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B. Marzeion

2012-11-01

Full Text Available We present estimates of sea-level change caused by the global surface mass balance of glaciers, based on the reconstruction and projection of the surface mass balance of all the individual glaciers of the world, excluding the ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica. The model is validated using a leave-one-glacier-out cross-validation scheme against 3997 observed surface mass balances of 255 glaciers, and against 756 geodetically observed, temporally integrated volume and surface area changes of 341 glaciers. When forced with observed monthly precipitation and temperature data, the glaciers of the world are reconstructed to have lost mass corresponding to 114 ± 5 mm sea-level equivalent (SLE between 1902 and 2009. Using projected temperature and precipitation anomalies from 15 coupled general circulation models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5 ensemble, they are projected to lose an additional 148 ± 35 mm SLE (scenario RCP26, 166 ± 42 mm SLE (scenario RCP45, 175 ± 40 mm SLE (scenario RCP60, or 217 ± 47 mm SLE (scenario RCP85 during the 21st century. Based on the extended RCP scenarios, glaciers are projected to approach a new equilibrium towards the end of the 23rd century, after having lost either 248 ± 66 mm SLE (scenario RCP26, 313 ± 50 mm SLE (scenario RCP45, or 424 ± 46 mm SLE (scenario RCP85. Up until approximately 2100, ensemble uncertainty within each scenario is the biggest source of uncertainty for the future glacier mass loss; after that, the difference between the scenarios takes over as the biggest source of uncertainty. Ice mass loss rates are projected to peak 2040 ∼ 2050 (RCP26, 2050 ∼ 2060 (RCP45, 2070 ∼ 2090 (RCP60, or 2070 ∼ 2100 (RCP85.

Diversidad genética intra e inter-específica de ñame (Dioscorea spp. de la región Caribe de Colombia mediante marcadores AFLP

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Hernando Javier Rivera-Jiménez

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Conocer la variabilidad genética del ñame, Dioscorea spp., permite apoyar estrategias de mejoramiento y conservación de este recurso fitogenético. El objetivo de este estudio fue la caracterización molecular de 20 accesiones de Dioscorea spp. mediante la técnica molecular de AFLP para determinar cómo se distribuye la variabilidad genética de manera intra e inter-específica. Los datos fueron analizados mediante los métodos de agrupación de correspondencia múltiple y análisis de similaridad de Dice, estableciendo los niveles de confiabilidad de los grupos genéticos mediante remuestreos. En términos de diversidad interespecífica, los valores promedios de similitud variaron entre 41.81% entre D. alata L. y D. rotundata Poir., y 33.51% entre D. trifida L.f. y D. esculenta (Lour. Burkill, lo que sugiere alta diversidad genética entre las accesiones estudiadas, que formaron cuatro grupos genéticos: D. alata, D. rotundata, D. esculenta y D. trifida, confirmando correspondencia entre la caracterización morfológica, clasificación botánica y la caracterización molecular. En términos de diversidad intraespecífica para la especie D. alata, el análisis también reveló una composición heterogénea en la región Caribe colombiana. Estos estudios ayudarán a definir una estrategia adecuada para fines de conservación y apoyar los esfuerzos futuros en los programas de mejoramiento genético.

Projected climate change futures for Southern Africa

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Tadross, M

2017-10-01

Full Text Available of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) in South Africa. In these experiments, a variable-resolution atmospheric global circulation model, CCAM, was applied as a regional climate model (RCM) to simulate both present-day and future climate... climate projection Observed climate RCM Climate forcing Climate simulation Statistical downscaling Dynamical downscaling 22 | Second Edition There are four pathways – RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0 and RCP8.5. RCP 2.6 describes a scenario of very low...

Generación de experiencias visuales en ciegos mediante estimulación táctil repetitiva

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Tomás Ortiz

2012-02-01

Full Text Available Estudios recientes de nuestro laboratorio han establecido que se puede generar una activación estable del córtex visual en ciegos mediante entrenamiento táctil pasivo prolongado. Esta neuroplasticidad cortical se acompaña en un 40% de los participantes invidentes de sensaciones visuales, así como de una mayor rapidez en el reconocimiento táctil de información espacial tales como líneas, iconos o imágenes, y es crucial para su correcta interpretación. Estos hallazgos pueden ser útiles para el diseño de mecanismos sustitutivosde la visión en ciegos, pero también son útiles para entender ciertos síntomas neuropsiquiátricos como lassinestesias.

Modelamiento y simulación de la contracción muscular mediante la estimulación magnética externa

OpenAIRE

Bermeo Moyano, Juan Pablo; Sánchez Sánchez, Carlos Felipe

2017-01-01

El proyecto inicia revisando las ecuaciones de Maxwell, para simular y estimar las corrientes inducidas en un tejido muscular por un campo magnético mediante el MEF: M. Elementos Finitos. Se simula la fuerza muscular con el modelo de seis parámetros y optimizado por algoritmos genéticos para ajustar el modelo teórico con las medidas experimentales. The present project begins with the revision of the Maxwell equations, to simulate and estimate the currents induced in a muscle tissue by a ma...

EL FORTALECIMIENTO DE LAS EMPRESAS MEDIANTE LA APLICACIÓN DE LA RESPONSABILIDAD SOCIAL EMPRESARIAL EN LA CIUDAD DE CORONEL OVIEDO

OpenAIRE

DÍAZ, SANIE FABIOLA GIMÉNEZ RUIZ

2013-01-01

El tema en estudio trata sobre el fortalecimiento de las empresas mediante la aplicación de la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial en la ciudad de Coronel Oviedo, es realizado con el objetivo general de analizar el fortalecimiento de las empresas de servicios a través de la aplicación de la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial en la ciudad de Coronel Oviedo, así mismo se plantearon los siguientes objetivos específicos: que son indagar cuáles son las acciones que realizan las em...

Refuerzo de vigas de hormigón mediante recrecido de hormigón armado en un ático de vivienda

OpenAIRE

KENALIEVA, VESELINA SABINOVA

2011-01-01

Trabajo científico técnico. El objetivo general del proyecto es el análisis de los elementos estructurales de un ático en un edificio de viviendas, así como el estudio y aplicación de la técnica de refuerzo a la estructura con recrecido de hormigón armado Kenalieva, VS. (2011). Refuerzo de vigas de hormigón mediante recrecido de hormigón armado en un ático de vivienda. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/12070. Archivo delegado

MODELO DIDÁCTICO DE ENSEÑANZA–APRENDIZAJE DE LA CONTABILIDAD MEDIANTE TAREAS DIDÁCTICAS PROFESIONALES PARA ESTUDIANTES DE INGENIERÍA EN SISTEMAS

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Luzmila Benilda López Reyes

2016-05-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo ofrece un modelo didáctico de enseñanza – aprendizaje mediante tareas didácticas profesionales para los estudiantes de la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas, el cual les permite a los docentes y estudiantes comprender, explicar e interpretar desde las Ciencias Pedagógicas la dinámica de dicho proceso, basado en el enfoque didáctico profesional, aspecto que constituye la base teórica que deberá contribuir mediante su aplicación práctica, al mejoramiento del aprendizaje de los contenidos contables en estos estudiantes.PALABRAS CLAVE: enseñanza; aprendizaje; contabilidad; ingeniería en sistemas; modelo didáctico.TRAINING MODEL OF TEACHING - LEARNING TEACHING TASK BY ACCOUNTING PROFESSIONAL SYSTEMS ENGINEERING STUDENTSABSTRACTThis article offers a didactic model of teaching - learning through professional teaching tasks for students of the career of Systems Engineering, which allows teachers and students to understand, explain and interpret from the Pedagogical Sciences dynamics of this process, based on professional teaching approach, something that is the theoretical basis that will contribute through its practical application, to improve learning of accounting contained in these students.KEYWORDS: education; learning; accounting; systems engineering; didactic model.

Propiedades mecánicas del telururo de bismuto (Bi2Te3 procesado mediante torsión bajo alta presión (HPT

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Santamaría, Jon Ander

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Bismuth telluride, Bi2Te3, is the main thermoelectric material currently in use for commercial cooling devices or for energy harvesting near room temperature. Because of its highly anisotropic layered structure, Bi2Te3 is very brittle, failing by cleavage along its basal plane. Refining its grain size is expected to increase its toughness with the advantage that, simultaneously, its thermoelectric “figure of merit” results increased. In this work, powders of the compound have been compacted by conventional methods as well as by severe plastic deformation under high pressure (3 GPa using high pressure torsion (HPT, one turn at room temperature. Near-theoretical density has been achieved. The hardness and toughness of the compacts have been assessed by micro and nano-indentation.Actualmente el telururo de bismuto (Bi2Te3 es el material termoeléctrico más ampliamente usado en sistemas de refrigeración comerciales o en la conversión de energía en torno a temperatura ambiente. Debido a su estructura laminar altamente anisótropa, el Bi2Te3 es muy frágil y suele agrietarse fácilmente a lo largo de su plano basal. Se espera que el afino del tamaño de grano incremente su tenacidad, con la ventaja de que al mismo tiempo la figura de mérito termoeléctrica se vea incrementada. En este trabajo, polvos del compuesto Bi2Te3 se han compactado mediante dos métodos convencionales y mediante deformación plástica severa bajo alta presión (3 GPa usando la técnica HPT (torsión a alta presión, 1 giro de deformación. Se ha conseguido una densidad cercana a la teórica. La dureza y tenacidad de los compuestos se han ensayado mediante micro- y nano- indentación.

Detección de Mycoplasma genitalium mediante Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa en muestras urogenitales de individuos cubanos sexualmente activos

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Brian Arturo Mondeja-Rodríguez

2014-04-01

Full Text Available El diagnóstico de las infecciones por Mycoplasma genitalium mediante métodos bacteriológicos tradicionales resulta laborioso y poco práctico. Es por ello que los métodos moleculares basados en la amplificación del ADN se utilizan con fines diagnósticos de las infecciones causadas por este microorganismo. En Cuba se han realizado pocos estudios sobre la presencia de M. genitalium en el tracto urogenital. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue detectar M. genitalium en individuos cubanos sexualmente activos mediante la implementación de métodos de PCR simple. Se implementaron dos PCR simples para la detección de fragmentos de 427 pb del gen ARN ribosomal 16S y 281 pb del gen de la adhesina celular MgPa de M. genitalium, que se evaluaron en muestras de exudado endocervical provenientes de 300 mujeres con sintomatología urogenital y muestras de orina de 49 hombres asintomáticos sexualmente activos. Se logró un límite de detección de la PCR del ARNr 16S de aproximadamente 5 copias de genoma por reacción, mientras que para la PCR MgPa se logró la amplificación de solo 50 copias de genoma por reacción. El 3% (10/300 de los exudados endocervicales y el 24,5% (12/49 de las muestras de orina de hombres asintomáticos resultaron positivas mediante ambas PCR. El mayor porcentaje de muestras positivas correspondió a las muestras de orina provenientes de hombres asintomáticos, que resultó superior a lo esperado. El presente trabajo permitirá realizar estudios futuros de caracterización genética y antigénica de las cepas de Mycoplasma genitalium circulantes en Cuba, útiles para conformar un inmunógeno vacunal.

Prácticas educativas. Desarrollo de la lectura mediante estrategias integradoras

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Maira Solé

2005-01-01

Full Text Available La lectura y la escritura son procesos que cada día ameritan nuevos cambios y transformaciones. La propuesta de un Proyecto Pedagógico Integrador, (Fraca 2003 desarrollado con éxito en algunas instituciones venezolanas, se perfila como una alternativa significativa para el desarrollo de estos elementos. La idea o núcleo central es la integración de las diferentes asignaturas curriculares y lograr una globalización partiendo de sus objetivos y contenidos programáticos. El eje pedagógico integrador le permite al docente, evidenciar con mayor prontitud los resultados mediante actividades prácticas de lectura y escritura. Así mismo combina elementos claves del aprendizaje ausbeliano: información previa, información nueva y construcción de la información definitiva o integrada. La puesta en ejecución de las estrategias integradoras, en esta ocasión por maestros en formación (UNEG, a diferentes niños de escuelas del Estado Bolívar (Venezuela, certificando cómo la lectura y la escritura pueden tener un espacio ideal y significativo en la instrucción actual. Solo se necesita la intención, creatividad, dinamismo e ingenio.

COMUNICACIÓN DE LOS RESULTADOS DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN OBSERVACIONAL: ANÁLISIS MEDIANTE LA GUÍA STROBE

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Jordi Galera Llorca

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: En la publicación de la investigación biomédica se detectan deficiencias que han llevado a la aparición de guías cuyo seguimiento mejora la calidad de la comunicación. El objetivo del estudio es analizar el cumplimiento de los criterios de la Iniciativa Strobe para la publicación de estudios observacionales. Métodos: Análisis descriptivo transversal de los estudios observacionales de las áreas Cardiovascular y Metabolismo (CVM publicados en 6 revistas españolas a lo largo de 2009 mediante la aplicación de los 34 puntos de la Iniciativa STROBE. Se describieron las frecuencias de las variables cualitativas y los estimadores muestrales y de dispersión de las variables cuantitativas. El análisis comparativo entre revistas se realizó mediante el test ANOVA (p<0,05. Resultados: En 2009 se publicaron 74 estudios observacionales en las revistas evaluadas. Los más frecuentes fueron estudios de cohortes 45 (60,8% y transversales 28 (37,8%. En cuanto al objetivo principal, la mayoría fueron sobre patología 55 (74,3%, seguidos de fármacos e intervenciones no farmacológicas 15 (20,3% y diagnóstico 4 (5,4%. La media de criterios cumplidos fue de 20 sobre 34 (DE±3,7, con un máximo de 24 (DE±2 en Gaceta Sanitaria y un mínimo de 19 (DE±2,8 en Hipertensión. Conclusiones: Solo algo más de la mitad de los artículos cumplían las recomendaciones de la Iniciativa STROBE. Los apartados de Resultados y Métodos fueron los que mostraron más carencias.

Solución al Problema de Secuenciación de Trabajos mediante el Problema del Agente Viajero

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G.E. Anaya Fuentes

2016-10-01

Full Text Available Resumen: En este trabajo se estudia el Problema de Secuenciación de Trabajos codificado como un Problema de Agente Viajero y resuelto mediante Algoritmos Genéticos. Se propone un Algoritmo Genético en donde se comparan dos tipos de selección: por torneo y por ruleta. Se realizan diferentes pruebas para la solución del Problema del Agente Viajero con los dos tipos de selección bajo diferentes parámetros: número de individuos, número de iteraciones, probabilidad de cruce y probabilidad de mutación; a partir de estos se seleccionan los parámetros y el tipo de selección. Posteriormente se codifica al Problema de Secuenciación como un Problema del Agente Viajero. La propuesta se presenta mediante la aplicación a diferentes ejemplos del Problema de Secuenciación de Trabajos y la comparación con los resultados obtenidos en la literatura. Abstract: In this paper we proposed a solution to the Job-Shop Scheduling Problem using the Traveling Salesman Problem solved by Genetic Algorithms. We proposed a genetic algorithm where we compare two types of selection: tournament and roulette. Different tests are performed to solve the Traveling Salesman Problem with the two types of selection under different parameters: number of individuals, number of iterations, crossover probability and mutation probability. Then the best type of selection and the best parameters are used to solve the Job-Shop Scheduling Problem with Genetic Algorithms for the Traveling Salesman Problem. The proposal is presented solving different examples of Job Sequencing Problem and compare them with the results obtained in the literature. Palabras clave: algoritmos eficientes, sistemas industriales de producción, problemas de optimización, problema de agente viajero, Keywords: Efficient algorithms, industrial production systems, optimization problem, traveling salesman problem

[Simulation study on the effects of climate change on aboveground biomass of plantation in southern China: Taking Moshao forest farm in Huitong Ecological Station as an example].

Science.gov (United States)

Dai, Er Fu; Zhou, Heng; Wu, Zhuo; Wang, Xiao-Fan; Xi, Wei Min; Zhu, Jian Jia

2016-10-01

Global climate warming has significant effect on territorial ecosystem, especially on forest ecosystem. The increase in temperature and radiative forcing will significantly alter the structure and function of forest ecosystem. The southern plantation is an important part of forests in China, its response to climate change is getting more and more intense. In order to explore the responses of southern plantation to climate change under future climate scenarios and to reduce the losses that might be caused by climate change, we used climatic estimated data under three new emission scenarios, representative concentration pathways (RCPs) scenarios (RCP2.6 scenario, RCP4.5 scenario, and RCP8.5 scenario). We used the spatially dynamic forest landscape model LANDIS-2, coupled with a forest ecosystem process model PnET-2, to simulate the impact of climate change on aboveground net primary production (ANPP), species' establishment probability (SEP) and aboveground biomass of Moshao forest farm in Huitong Ecological Station, which located in Hunan Province during the period of 2014-2094. The results showed that there were obvious differences in SEP and ANPP among different forest types under changing climate. The degrees of response of SEP to climate change for different forest types were shown as: under RCP2.6 and RCP4.5, artificial coniferous forest>natural broadleaved forest>artificial broadleaved forest. Under RCP8.5, natural broadleaved forest>artificial broadleaved forest>artificial coniferous forest. The degrees of response of ANPP to climate change for different forest types were shown as: under RCP2.6, artificial broadleaved forest> natural broadleaved forest>artificial coniferous forest. Under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, natural broadleaved forest>artificial broadleaved forest>artificial coniferous forest. The aboveground biomass of the artificial coniferous forest would decline at about 2050, but the natural broadleaved forest and artificial broadleaved forest showed a

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Dynamics and Control of a Minimally Actuated Biomimetic Vehicle: Part 1 - Aerodynamic Model (Postprint)

Science.gov (United States)

2009-08-01

B L     LW Downstroke rcp B LWD =     xWPcp sinα+∆x B L xWPcp sinφLW cosα− y WP cp cosφLW − w 2 xWPcp cosφLW cosα + y WP cp sinφLW +∆z B L...associated with each wing and stroke are given by MBRWU = rcp B RWU × FBRWU MBRWD = rcp B RWD × FBRWD MBLWU = rcp B LWU × FBLWU MBLWD = rcp B LWD × FBLWD (14

Determinación de un polimorfo de la cimetidina mediante la calorimetría diferencial de barrido

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Luis Martínez Álvarez

1997-12-01

Full Text Available Se estableció la diferencia entre 2 sustancias de masa molecular similar -la cimetidina A y la B-, pero de estructuras internas distintas, mediante el empleo de la técnica de calorimetría diferencial de barrido donde solamente una de ellas, la cimetidina B, posee la actividad farmacológica requerida, es decir, cumple con las especificaciones de la farmacopea.The difference between two substances of similar mollecular mass but of different internal structuras -cimetidine A and B- was established by using the differential scanning calorimetry. It was proved that only one of them, cimetidine B, has the required pharmacological activity, which means that it fulfills the pharmacopoeia specifications.

Estimación mediante RAPD's de la diversidad genética en Guadua en el departamento del Cauca, Colombia

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Palacio M. Juan Diego

2006-06-01

Full Text Available

Mediante RAPD's se analizaron 120 muestras foliares de 12 biotipos de Guadua angustifolia Kunth clasificados morfológicamente, procedentes de la cuenca del río Cauca, en el departamento del Cauca, Colombia, para determinar diversidad genética. El ADN se extrajo mediante el protocolo modificado de Dellaporta (1983. Se emplearon los cebadores; OPF-12, OPG-19, OPN-19 y OPP-16 con mayor número de bandas polimórficas. El índice de Shannon (HT = 0.4556 ± 0.1849 señaló diversidad genética total alta y diversidad entre los biotipos y al interior de ellos. El Índice de estructura genética (Gst = 0.5200 e Indice de migración efectiva (Nm = 0.4615 definieron biotipos bien diferenciados. El análisis de similaridad conformó tres grupos a un coeficiente de 0.64. El grupo G1 incluyó los biotipos Curvado, Rayada frecuente, Amarilla Playón, Rayada ancha, Rayada escasa, Convexa, Amarilla, Hembra, Verde irregular y algunos individuos de verde alta. El grupo G2, Verde alta y Macho. El grupo G3, Rayada negra. El estudio molecular agrupó los individuos de forma similar al estudio morfológico, con excepción de los individuos del biotipo Hembra.

Palabras claves: Guadua angustifolia, caracterización molecular, variación genética.

Programa nacional de prevención y consejería genética del retinoblastoma mediante detección de mutaciones en el gen RB.

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H. Frayle

2001-07-01

una la doble mutación inactivante del gen Rb, exclusivamente somática en los esporádicos y germinal más somática en los hereditarios. Esta investigacin tuvo como objetivo caracterizar las mutaciones en el gen Rb mediante secuenciación directa y evaluar su utilidad en la consejería genética.

Procedimiento para aumentar la velocidad de obtención de biodiesel mediante su incorporación como aditivo

OpenAIRE

López Granados, Manuel; Mariscal López, Rafael; Martín Alonso, David; Bretes García, Pilar

2008-01-01

Procedimiento para aumentar la velocidad de obtención de biodiésel mediante su incorporación como aditivo. La presente invención se refiere al uso de biodiésel como aditivo para aumentar la velocidad de reacción en reacciones de transesterificación catalítica con alcoholes y para proteger a los catalizadores del contacto con el CO{sub,2} y H{sub,2}O atmosféricos. De forma más concreta, en esta invención se describe un procedimiento de obtención de biodiésel a partir de la transesterificación ...

Reingeniería del proceso productivo empresarial mediante la incorporación de propuestas del campo de internet de las cosas.

OpenAIRE

CLIMENT PASCUAL, RAFAEL

2015-01-01

[ES] Nuevas tecnologías afectan a los sistemas empresariales. Una de estas tendencias se dirige hacia el concepto de empresa sensible (Sensing Enterprise), donde la empresa recibe información en tiempo real sobre su entorno, un entorno que es "global" por la naturaleza (mediante tweets, sensores de información, RFID o GPS como ejemplos) y alimenta constantemente su proceso de toma de decisiones, pudiendo este estar controlado por los "sujetos" (es decir, los seres humanos), o por los "objetos...

Caracterización de nuevos recubrimientos biocompatibles de hidroxiapatita-TiO2 obtenidos mediante Proyección Térmica de Alta Velocidad

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Melero, H.

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Hydroxyapatite (HAp: Ca10(PO46OH2 is a biocompatible and bioactive ceramic material widely used as a coating on metal surfaces (dental implants, hip replacements ..., but the low adhesion between HAp and the substrate, due to differences in thermal expansion coefficients of both (very important in thermal spraying because of the fast cooling of the coating, which can produce a lost of adherence, and the degradation of HAp, have been tried to be improved through the incorporation of TiO2 to get a good combination of mechanical properties. Therefore, the objective of this project is to produce coatings of HAp 80% TiO2 and 20% (by weight on Ti6Al4V by High-Speed Thermal Spray (HVOF. The study of the microstructure has been carried out using scanning electron microscopy and characterization of the crystalline phases by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectrometry. The coatings adhesion has been measured by tensile tests according to ASTM C633-01 (2008, and their bioactivity also has been evaluated through its immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF, in order to measure their capacity to form an apatite layer on their surface.La Hidroxiapatita (HAp: Ca10(PO46OH2, es un material cerámico biocompatible y bioactivo muy empleado como recubrimiento sobre superficies metálicas (implantes dentales, prótesis de cadera…; sin embargo, la baja adherencia entre la HAp y el sustrato, debida a las diferencias entre los coeficientes de expansión térmica de ambos (a tener en cuenta en recubrimientos por proyección térmica ya que el enfriamiento posterior a la proyección puede producir una pérdida de adherencia o incluso la descohesión del recubrimiento y a la degradación de la HAp, se está intentado mejorar mediante la incorporación de TiO2, para obtener una buena combinación de propiedades mecánicas y biológicas. Por tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo es la obtención de recubrimientos de 80% de HAp y 20% de TiO2 (en peso sobre Ti6Al4V mediante

Pediatric nurses' beliefs and pain management practices: an intervention pilot.

Science.gov (United States)

Van Hulle Vincent, Catherine; Wilkie, Diana J; Wang, Edward

2011-10-01

We evaluated feasibility of the Internet-based Relieve Children's Pain (RCP) protocol to improve nurses' management of children's pain. RCP is an interactive, content-focused, and Kolb's experiential learning theory-based intervention. Using a one-group, pretest-posttest design, we evaluated feasibility of RCP and pretest-posttest difference in scores for nurses' beliefs, and simulated and actual pain management practices. Twenty-four RNs completed an Internet-based Pain Beliefs and Practices Questionnaire (PBPQ, alpha=.83) before and after they completed the RCP and an Acceptability Scale afterward. Mean total PBPQ scores significantly improved from pretest to posttest as did simulated practice scores. After RCP in actual hospital practice, nurses administered significantly more ibuprofen and ketorolac and children's pain intensity significantly decreased. Findings showed strong evidence for the feasibility of RCP and study procedures and significant improvement in nurses' beliefs and pain management practices. The 2-hr RCP program is promising and warrants replication with an attention control group and a larger sample.

REMOCIÓN DE NÍQUEL Y DQO PRESENTES EN LAS AGUAS RESIDUALES DE LA INDUSTRIA AUTOMOTRIZ MEDIANTE ELECTROCOAGULACIÓN

OpenAIRE

Mercado Martínez, Iván Darío; González Silva, Germán; Valencia Hurtado, Sergio Humberto

2013-01-01

Mediante este estudio se determinó si la técnica de electrocoagulación contribuye a minimizar la concentración de níquel y materia orgánica y la demanda química de oxígeno (DQO) en las aguas residuales de la industria automotriz. Se empleó un diseño experimental factorial multinivel aleatorio en el que la densidad de la corriente y el tiempo de reacción fueron evaluados en tres niveles, mientras que la separación entre electrodos fue analizada en dos niveles. La electrocoagulación se llevó a ...

Caracterización y cuantificación autmatizadas de menas metálicas mediante visión artificial : proyecto cameva

OpenAIRE

Castroviejo, Ricardo; Catalina, Juan-Carlos; Bernhardt, Heinz-Juergen; Espí, Jose Antonio; Pirard, Eric; Samper, Josefina; Brea, Carolina; Segundo, Fernando; Locutura, Juan; Perez-Barnuevo, Laura; Sanchez, Lazaro; Fidalgo, Angel

2008-01-01

El proyecto CAMEVA (Caracterización Automatizada de Menas metálicas mediante Visión Artificial) pretende desarrollar un sistema automatizado capaz de llevar a cabo la identificación y cuantificación de los minerales presentes en muestras de menas metálicas para facilitar su posible aprovechamiento industrial. El sistema integra un microscopio óptico de reflexión motorizado, una rueda de filtros monocromadores situada ante la fuente luminosa, una cámara B/N de investigación y un ordenador, en ...

Detección fotométrica de residuos de antimicrobianos en leche mediante el sistema microbiológico ResScreen

OpenAIRE

Gasparotti, María Laura; Gasparotti, María Laura

2012-01-01

Para evitar los efectos perjudiciales que producen los residuos de antibióticos sobre la salud del consumidor y la industria láctea, se utilizan métodos de inhibición microbiológica. El sistema microbiológico ResScreen® permite detectar e identificar en forma específica antibióticos betalactámicos, tetraciclinas y sulfonamidas en un tiempo de 4 horas, mediante la utilización simultánea de los bioensayos BT (púrpura) y BS (negro). El objetivo del presente trabajo fue implementar un lector foto...

Genotipificación de aislamientos de Bartonella bacilliformis por amplificación de elementos repetitivos mediante el uso de REP-PCR y ERIC-PCR

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Carlos Padilla R

2003-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Genotipificar los aislamientos de Bartonella bacilliformis a través de la amplificación de elementos repetitivos mediante el uso de ERIC-PCR y REP-PCR, y determinar si existe variabilidad genética entre aislamientos de varias zonas endémicas. Materiales y Métodos: Se evaluaron mediante el uso del ERIC-PCR y REP-PCR 17 aislamientos de B. bacilliformis de Lima, Cusco y Ancash. Los aislamientos fueron realizados durante los años 1998 y 1999. Para el análisis de los patrones de bandas se usó el software GelCompar 4,0. Resultados: Fueron identificados en los 17 aislamientos 10 genotipos. Los genotipos D, E y H fueron detectados en Cusco; mientras que los genotipos B, C, G, J e I en Lima; y el genotipo F en Ancash. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados sugieren que REP-PCR y ERIC-PCR son métodos útiles para genotipificar aislamientos de B. bacilliformis. La variabilidad genética debe ser tomada en cuenta en estudios epidemiológicos y clínicos de Bartonelosis; así como el desarrollo de nuevas técnicas diagnósticas y de vacunas.

BIORREMEDIACIÓN DE UN SUELO CON DIESEL MEDIANTE EL USO DE MICROORGANISMOS AUTÓCTONOS

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ARRIETA RAMÍREZ OLGA MARIA

2012-07-01

Full Text Available En este estudio, se aisló y caracterizó bioquímica y molecularmente un consorcio bacteriano capaz de degradar los diferentes hidrocarburos presentes en un combustible diesel,conformado por los siguientes géneros: Enterobacter sp, Bacillus sp, Staphylococcus aureus, Sanguibacter soli, Arthrobacter sp y Flavobacterium sp, a partir de un suelo contaminado con diesel a escala de laboratorio, y tratado mediante 2 tecnologías de biorremediación: atenuación natural y bioestimulación. Se definió como parámetro de control la concentración de Hidrocarburos Totales del Petróleo (HTP y para el cual, se obtuvo una reducción en la concentración en un periodo de 4 meses de 36,86% para atenuación natural y 50,99% para bioestimulación. La medición de la eficiencia de remoción de hidrocarburos se cuantificó por cromatografía de gases acoplada a masas (GC-MS.

Estudio de la carga interna en pádel amateur mediante la frecuencia cardíaca

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Jesús Díaz García

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Los objetivos de este estudio fueron evaluar el nivel de condición física de 8 sujetos amateur de pádel, definir su perfil energético de esfuerzo en juego real mediante registro de frecuencia cardíaca (FC, y proponer un conjunto de variables justificadas de esta, que permita analizar el perfil de carga interna en pádel. Mediante prueba de esfuerzo incremental máxima en cinta de correr se obtuvieron parámetros ergoespirométricos, respiratorios y sus equivalentes cardíacos, introducidos en el sistema de registro de la FC Polar Team. Los sujetos disputaron 7 partidos de entrenamiento de 1 hora de duración y 72-96 horas de separación entre ellos, obteniéndose como variables: consumo máximo de oxígeno (VO2 máx y porcentaje (% de VO2 máx en el umbral anaeróbico; en prueba de esfuerzo, FC máx., media y mín., y zonas de trabajo metabólicas (rangos de FC. Los resultados presentan VO2 máx de 51,15 ± 5,73 ml · kg–1 · min–1, FC máx. durante el juego de 154,75 ± 7,25 ppm, FC med de 130,0 ± 10,4 ppm para tiempo de juego y 89,75 % del tiempo de juego en zona de trabajo aeróbica. Como conclusión, el esfuerzo al que son sometidos durante el juego a nivel cardiorrespiratorio los jugadores amateur de pádel se basa casi exclusivamente en metabolismos aeróbicos. Además, las variables máx., mín. y media de FC para tiempos de juego y descanso y el establecimiento de zonas de trabajo de FC pueden aportarnos información importante sobre lo que ocurre en el juego a nivel cardiorrespiratorio.

Leptospira diversity in animals and humans in Tahiti, French Polynesia.

Science.gov (United States)

Guernier, Vanina; Richard, Vaea; Nhan, Tuxuan; Rouault, Eline; Tessier, Anita; Musso, Didier

2017-06-01

Leptospirosis is a highly endemic bacterial zoonosis in French Polynesia (FP). Nevertheless, data on the epidemiology of leptospirosis in FP are scarce. We conducted molecular studies on Leptospira isolated from humans and the potential main animal reservoirs in order to identify the most likely sources for human infection. Wild rats (n = 113), farm pigs (n = 181) and domestic dogs (n = 4) were screened for Leptospira infection in Tahiti, the most populated island in FP. Positive samples were genotyped and compared to Leptospira isolated from human cases throughout FP (n = 51), using secY, 16S and LipL32 sequencing, and MLST analysis. Leptospira DNA was detected in 20.4% of rats and 26.5% of pigs. We identified two Leptospira species and three sequence types (STs) in animals and humans: Leptospira interrogans ST140 in pigs only and L. interrogans ST17 and Leptospira borgpetersenii ST149 in humans and rats. Overall, L. interrogans was the dominant species and grouped into four clades: one clade including a human case only, two clades including human cases and dogs, and one clade including human cases and rats. All except one pig sample showed a unique L. interrogans (secY) genotype distinct from those isolated from humans, rats and dogs. Moreover, LipL32 sequencing allowed the detection of an additional Leptospira genotype in pigs, clearly distinct from the previous ones. Our data confirm rats as a major potential source for human leptospirosis in FP. By contrast to what was expected, farm pigs did not seem to be a major reservoir for the Leptospira genotypes identified in human patients. Thus, further investigations will be required to determine their significance in leptospirosis transmission in FP.

Epidemiology of Leptospira Transmitted by Rodents in Southeast Asia

Science.gov (United States)

Mielcarek, Mathilde; Tatard, Caroline; Chaval, Yannick; Suputtamongkol, Yupin; Buchy, Philippe; Jittapalapong, Sathaporn; Herbreteau, Vincent; Morand, Serge

2014-01-01

Background Leptospirosis is the most common bacterial zoonoses and has been identified as an important emerging global public health problem in Southeast Asia. Rodents are important reservoirs for human leptospirosis, but epidemiological data is lacking. Methodology/Principal Findings We sampled rodents living in different habitats from seven localities distributed across Southeast Asia (Thailand, Lao PDR and Cambodia), between 2009 to 2010. Human isolates were also obtained from localities close to where rodents were sampled. The prevalence of Leptospira infection was assessed by real-time PCR using DNA extracted from rodent kidneys, targeting the lipL32 gene. Sequencing rrs and secY genes, and Multi Locus Variable-number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) analyses were performed on DNA extracted from rat kidneys for Leptospira isolates molecular typing. Four species were detected in rodents, L. borgpetersenii (56% of positive samples), L. interrogans (36%), L. kirschneri (3%) and L. weilli (2%), which were identical to human isolates. Mean prevalence in rodents was approximately 7%, and largely varied across localities and habitats, but not between rodent species. The two most abundant Leptospira species displayed different habitat requirements: L. interrogans was linked to humid habitats (rice fields and forests) while L. borgpetersenii was abundant in both humid and dry habitats (non-floodable lands). Conclusion/Significance L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii species are widely distributed amongst rodent populations, and strain typing confirmed rodents as reservoirs for human leptospirosis. Differences in habitat requirements for L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii supported differential transmission modes. In Southeast Asia, human infection risk is not only restricted to activities taking place in wetlands and rice fields as is commonly accepted, but should also include tasks such as forestry work, as well as the hunting and preparation of rodents for consumption, which

Análisis de estabilidad de controladores borrosos tipo Mamdani mediante el cálculo del exponente de Lyapunov

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Leonardo-Alonso Martínez Rivera

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Resumen: Determinar la estabilidad de los controladores, ya sea mediante simulaciones o mediante técnicas analíticas, es vital en su diseño e implantación. El método analítico de estabilidad en el sentido de Lyapunov requiere encontrar una función candidata, como criterio suficiente pero no necesario para tal fin. Esta función candidata es elusiva para los controladores borrosos. Se propone, como posible solución a este problema, cuantificar la estabilidad de los controladores borrosos mediante el exponente de Lyapunov (EL calculado numéricamente. Las series de tiempo de la cuales se calculan los exponentes de Lyapunov son obtenidas de la salida de diversos controladores borrosos tipo Mamdani en lazo cerrado con la dinámica de la planta no lineal estabilizada en una región de operación admisible. Los experimentos fueron llevados al cabo mediante la implantación del método numérico en la plataforma MATLAB, integrándolo con datos provenientes de la simulación de diversos controladores borrosos. La planta a controlar es el sistema carro-péndulo invertido modelado con la formulación Euler Lagrange. En cada experimento se obtuvo la serie de tiempo correspondiente a la señal de control y se calculó el exponente de Lyapunov. Aunque se observan variaciones en magnitud, el exponente calculado resulta negativo en todos los casos. Esto indica que los controladores difusos tipo Mamdani empleados son sistemas disipativos. Como trabajo futuro se esboza el empleo del EL en control adaptable. Abstract: In order to design and implement any type of controller, their stability analysis is pivotal. At this regard, Lyapunov's analytical method consists in finding a candidate function as a sufficient but not necessary condition to validate the stability of the controller. In the case of fuzzy controllers such a candidate function is not always found, leading to an uncertainty about their stability. To

Resistencia a la insulina, cortisol y composición corporal mediante dilución isotópica en niños costarricenses

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A Valverde-Vindas

2016-05-01

ANTECEDENTES: la obesidad infantil es un proceso que involucra en sí mismo un estrés oxidativo y un estado inflamatorio crónico que estimula la producción de corticosteroides, promueve la aparición temprana de resistencia insulínica y de enfermedades como la diabetes mellitus tipo 2.  OBJETIVO: evaluar la composición corporal en población infantil costarricense mediante técnicas de dilución isotópica con deuterio y analizar su relación con el índice de resistencia a la insulina y niveles de cortisol sérico matutino.  MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: determinación de cortisol sérico matutino y resistencia a la insulina mediante el método homeostático en 113 niños y niñas escolares. Se realiza la comparación por grupos según la clasificación McCarthy para porcentaje de masa grasa, determinada mediante el método de dilución isotópica. RESULTADOS: no se observan diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grupos de masa grasa, según la clasificación McCarthy para las variables de cortisol sérico matutino e índice HOMA (modelo homeostático de resistencia a la insulina, en la muestra seleccionada. CONCLUSIÓN: en niños y niñas entre 6 y 9 años de edad no se evidencian las características bioquímicas que se esperan del síndrome metabólico, dada la poca exposición temporal al estrés oxidativo que produce la obesidad, determinada por medio de la medición de masa grasa con un método temprano como la dilución isotópica. Asimismo, en edades tempranas los mecanismos de detoxificación renal de los corticosteroides son suficientes para evitar su elevación sérica, protegiendo al niño de sus efectos a largo plazo.

Arterial blood gas management in retrograde cerebral perfusion: the importance of carbon dioxide.

Science.gov (United States)

Ueno, K; Takamoto, S; Miyairi, T; Morota, T; Shibata, K; Murakami, A; Kotsuka, Y

2001-11-01

Many interventional physiological assessments for retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP) have been explored. However, the appropriate arterial gas management of carbon dioxide (CO2) remains controversial. The aim of this study is to determine whether alpha-stat or pH-stat could be used for effective brain protection under RCP in terms of cortical cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2), and distribution of regional cerebral blood flow. Fifteen anesthetized dogs (25.1+/-1.1 kg) on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were cooled to 18 degrees C under alpha-stat management and had RCP for 90 min under: (1), alpha-stat; (2), pH-stat; or (3), deep hypothermic (18 degrees C) antegrade CPB (antegrade). RCP flow was regulated for a sagittal sinus pressure of around 25 mmHg. CBF was monitored by a laser tissue flowmeter. Serial analyses of blood gas were made. The regional cerebral blood flow was measured with colored microspheres before discontinuation of RCP. CBF and CMRO2 were evaluated as the percentage of the baseline level (%CBF, %CMRO2). The oxygen content of arterial inflow and oxygen extraction was not significantly different between the RCP groups. The %CBF and %CMRO2 were significantly higher for pH-stat RCP than for alpha-stat RCP. The regional cerebral blood flow, measured with colored microspheres, tended to be higher for pH-stat RCP than for alpha-stat RCP, at every site in the brain. Irrespective of CO2 management, regional differences were not significant among any site in the brain. CO2 management is crucial for brain protection under deep hypothermic RCP. This study revealed that pH-stat was considered to be better than alpha-stat in terms of CBF and oxygen metabolism in the brain. The regional blood flow distribution was considered to be unchanged irrespective of CO2 management.

Recubrimientos decorativos de Ti, TiN y TiO2 sobre vidrio, depositados en vacío mediante pulverización por arco eléctrico

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Straumal, B.

2001-04-01

Full Text Available In a vacuum arc discharge, highly ionised species are formed, which permits an effective control of the deposition process and, particularly, to deposit Ti, TiN and TiO2 coatings on non-conducting materials like glass. Moreover, this technique allows us to position a mask between the substrates and the sheets to be coated. Another advantage of the vacuum arc technology is the low substrate temperature during the deposition. Data on the roughness, composition and corrosion resistance in architectural glass mask-coated with titanium nitride and oxide are presented and analysed in this work. A comparative analysis is made with reactive direct current sputtering and plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition techniques.La técnica de pulverización por arco eléctrico en vacío permite un control eficaz del proceso de deposición, ya que la temperatura del sustrato permanece baja durante dicho proceso. Además, mediante esta técnica pueden llevarse a cabo recubrimientos sobre superficies no conductoras y resulta posible la utilización de máscaras de plástico, colocadas entre la fuente y el sustrato a recubrir. En este trabajo se han llevado a cabo recubrimientos de Ti, TiN y TiO2 sobre vidrio arquitectónico. Los recubrimientos se han realizado con y sin dibujos, aplicados a través de máscaras. Se han estudiado algunas características de estos recubrimientos, como son la rugosidad, composición y resistencia contra la corrosión. Los análisis se han llevado a cabo mediante técnicas de microscopía de fuerza atómica, espectroscopía Auger y ensayos electroquímicos. Finalmente, se ha realizado un análisis comparativo con resultados obtenidos mediante otras técnicas de deposición.

Diversidad genética intra e inter-específica de ñame (Dioscorea spp. de la región Caribe de Colombia mediante marcadores AFLP

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Alvarez Soto Andres

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Conocer la variabilidad genética del ñame, Dioscorea spp., permite apoyar estrategias de mejoramiento y conservación de este recurso fitogenético. El objetivo de este estudio fue la caracterización molecular de 20 accesiones de Dioscorea spp. mediante la técnica molecular de AFLP para determinar cómo se distribuye la variabilidad genética de manera intra e inter-específica. Los datos fueron analizados mediante los métodos de agrupación de correspondencia múltiple y análisis de similaridad de Dice, estableciendo los niveles de confiabilidad de los grupos genéticos mediante remuestreos. En términos de diversidad interespecífica, los valores promedios de similitud variaron entre 41.81% entre D. alata L. y D. rotundata Poir., y 33.51% entre D. trifida L.f. y D. esculenta (Lour. Burkill, lo que sugiere alta diversidad genética entre las accesiones estudiadas, que formaron cuatro grupos genéticos: D. alata, D. rotundata, D. esculenta y D. trifida, confirmando correspondencia entre la caracterización morfológica, clasificación botánica y la caracterización molecular. En términos de diversidad intraespecífica para la especie D. alata, el análisis también reveló una composición heterogénea en la región Caribe colombiana. Estos estudios ayudarán a definir una estrategia adecuada para fines de conservación y apoyar los esfuerzos futuros en los programas de mejoramiento genético.

Una metodología basada en números difusos para la evaluación de criterios evaluables mediante un juicio de valor =A methodology based on fuzzy numbers for the evaluation of evaluable criteria through a value judgment

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José Luis Fuentes Bargues

2017-08-01

Full Text Available La adjudicación de un contrato por parte de una administración pública depende de criterios de adjudicación evaluables mediante fórmulas y de criterios evaluables mediante juicios de valor. Los primeros disponen de fórmulas definidas mientras que los segundos siempre tienen un sesgo subjetivo porque dependen del técnico que realiza la valoración. Con objeto de minimizar las consecuencias de las arbitrariedades o incertidumbres en la evaluación de los criterios evaluables mediante un juicio de valor se puede recurrir a la lógica difusa. La lógica difusa, borrosa o fuzzy es el razonamiento matemático que permite calcular de forma exacta las magnitudes correspondientes a conceptos vagos o situaciones poco previsibles para poder tener control sobre ellas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es desarrollar una metodología que permita a los órganos de contratación la evaluación de los criterios evaluables mediante un juicio de valor mediante la utilización de la lógica difusa. Abstract The award of a contract by a public administration depends on criteria assessed by formulae and criteria assessed by value judgements. For the former, various predetermined formulae can be employed while for the criteria assessed by value judgements will always contain some subjective bias by the individual who performs the evaluation. In order to minimize the consequences of the arbitrariness or uncertainties in the evaluation of criteria assessed by value judgments is possible to use the fuzzy logic. Diffuse, fuzzy or fuzzy logic is the mathematical reasoning that allows to calculate accurately the magnitudes corresponding to vague concepts or situations that are not very predictable to have control over them. The objective of this paper is to show a methodology which permits to the contracting authority to evaluate the criteria assessed by value judgments through fuzzy numbers.

Impact of climate change on the operation of ski slopes in South Korea

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, S.; Park, J. H.; Lee, D. K.

2017-12-01

The purpose of this study is to predict changes in the operation of ski slopes due to climate change and offer meaningful implications that the ski industry can refer to when preparing to address climate change. All 17 ski resorts in South Korea were selected as study sites. To determine the weather and managerial conditions for the operation of ski slopes, interviews with operators and a review of past weather and operational conditions were conducted. To project future changes in the season of operation for ski slopes, future weather data for the 2030s, 2060s, and 2090s from RCP scenarios were adapted to the conditions for the operation of ski slopes.The study found that the artificial snowmaking begins when the temperature reaches -2 °C, the slope is opened 9 days after artificial snowmaking starts, and the slope is closed when the temperature reaches 0 °C. By applying future weather data to these conditions, it is estimated that the ski season will decrease in the future as follows: from around 130 days at present to around 120 days based on RCP 2.0 and RCP 6.0, around 130 days based on RCP 4.5, and 90 days based on RCP 8.5 in the areas where the average temperature of the ski season is below -2 °C; from around 120 days at present to around 120 days based on RCP 2.0 and 4.5, around 100-days based on RCP 6.0, and 60 days based on RCP 8.5 in the areas where the average temperature of the ski season is below 0 °C; from around 90 days at present to around 80 days based on RCP 2.0, around 90 days based on RCP 4.5, around 50 days based on RCP 6.0, and 10 days based on RCP 8.5 in the areas where the average temperature of the ski season is above 0 °C. In addition, it is also estimated that in the 2090s, 16 of 17 ski resorts can survive based on RCP 2.6 and RCP 4.5, 13 ski resorts can survive based on RCP 6.0, and none of the resorts can survive based on RCP 8.5, according to the 100-days rule, which is the minimum required duration of the operation of ski resorts

Microestructura y propiedades de capas de tribaloy T-800 depositadas mediante plaqueado láser

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Navas, C.

2004-04-01

Full Text Available The present work is based on obtaining Co based coatings (Tribaloy T-800 on plates of 18/8 stainless steel (AISI 304 by laser cladding technique. After the treatment, samples were characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy with EDS analysis. The elemental composition of the coating was determined with a glow discharge lamp spectrometer (GDL. The study of the interface revealed a good adherence between the substrate and coating without substantial defects. For the laser cladded coatings, the microstructure was dendritic with a high degree of refinement and chemical homogeneity close to the original powder. The grain coarsening was observed in the overlapping zones due to the second heat treatment. Microhardness of the coatings reached 750 HV, a considerably higher value than the substrate hardness (200 HV. Also, the coating corrosion resistance in saline solutions had a great improvement.

El presente trabajo se centra en la obtención de capas de aleación base Cobalto (Tribaloy T-800 sobre un sustrato de acero inoxidable 18/8 (AISI 304 mediante la técnica de plaqueado láser. Tras los tratamientos, se caracterizaron las probetas mediante microscopía óptica y electrónica de barrido con microanálisis (EDS. La composición elemental del recubrimiento se determinó en un espectrómetro de emisión óptica con fuente de excitación (GDL. El estudio de la interfase reveló una perfecta adherencia entre el recubrimiento y el material base, sin defectos apreciables. La microestructura de las capas depositadas es dendrítica con un alto grado de refinamiento y una homogeneidad química a lo largo del cordón y con valores muy próximos a los del polvo de partida. En las zonas de solape entre cordones, se observó un crecimiento del grano debido al segundo tratamiento térmico recibido. La microdureza de las capas alcanza los 750 HV, valor considerablemente superior al del sustrato (200 HV. Asimismo, se obtuvo una mejora

Colonic perforation in the first few hours of life associated with rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata.

Science.gov (United States)

Fairbanks, Timothy; Emil, Sherif

2005-08-01

Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCP), a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by a disorder of peroxisome metabolism, has been shown to affect multiple organ systems. A neonate presenting with a colonic perforation in the first few hours of life was subsequently diagnosed with RCP. A literature search revealed no previous reports of intestinal perforation associated with RCP. Intestinal perforation should be added to the list of medical complications associated with RCP.

Análisis de genotipos del virus de la hepatitis B mediante el análisis de polimorfismos de longitud de fragmentos de restricción

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Julio-C Rendón

2016-08-01

Conclusiones. Se caracterizó el patrón de genotipificación del genotipo F, subgenotipo F3, del HBV mediante RFLP, análisis in silico y secuenciación. Se requieren nuevos análisis in silico con un número mayor de secuencias para validar los patrones de RFLP de los genotipos y subgenotipos del VHB.

Interoperabilidad en Sistemas Domóticos Mediante Pasarela Infrarrojos-ZigBee

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Gonzalo B. Asencio

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Resumen: La domótica consiste en la aplicación de técnicas provenientes de la automática industrial al hogar con objeto de ofrecer servicios que aporten, entre otras cosas, confort, seguridad y eficiencia energética a los usuarios. Hasta el momento la penetración de dichas técnicas en los hogares ha sido reducida. Una de las razones fundamentales de esta lenta transposición de técnicas de control al hogar es la dificultad de integración entre los diferentes sistemas presentes en el hogar. En este artículo se presenta un desarrollo encaminado a mejorar la integración de los sistemas domóticos con aquellos dispositivos que sean controlables mediante infrarrojos. En concreto se ha desarrollado una pasarela inalámbrica que permite a una red domótica el envío de tramas de infrarrojos. De esta manera se posibilita un despliegue rápido y económico de los nodos que sean necesarios para integrar dispositivos tales como los sistemas de aire acondicionado en una red domótica. Copyright c 2011 CEA. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L. Todos los derechos reservados. Palabras clave: Control a través de redes de comunicación, Impacto social de la automática

LA EXPERIENCIA DE UNA CLASE INTEGRADA MEDIANTE RESOLUCIÓN DE PROBLEMAS

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Fernanda Ortiz Rivera

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Es una experiencia en la Institución educativa Tomas Cipriano de Mosquera con estudiantes del ciclo noveno en una clase de ciencias naturales sobre el sentido de la audición, teniendo en cuenta integrar la biología  y la física  mediante el tema del órgano de la audición con el tema del sonido, en el marco de un enfoque didáctico por resolución de problemas, en el cual la pregunta problema central que se generó a los estudiantes, producto de consultar sus intereses, fue: ¿por qué se produce la sordera? Esta pregunta se realizó al comienzo y al final de la clase, mostrando de esta manera al final buenos resultados de aprendizaje en los estudiantes, ya que fueron construyendo  nociones, ideas y conceptos necesarios sobre el sonido con sus propiedades y cualidades; y la audición con las funciones y partes del oído, para poder resolver la pregunta central gracias a una secuencia didáctica de clase que construimos cuidadosamente en el que incluía experimentos, lecturas, explicaciones, materiales didácticos, entre otros, siendo así una clase muy activa y participativa, ya que el estudiante siempre fue el que llevo el papel principal de la clase.

VALORACIÓN SOCIOECONÓMICA DE LA EXTRACCIÓN DE GAS MEDIANTE FRACTURACIÓN HIDRÁULICA EN LA REGIÓN DE MURCIA

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José M. Martínez-Paz

2015-01-01

Full Text Available La extracción de gas no convencional mediante fracturación hidráulica (fracking es una técnica controvertida, ya que a sus beneficios sociales y económicos se contraponen sus potenciales riesgos ambientales y sobre la salud humana. En el norte de la Región de Murcia, al igual que en otras zonas de España, se han concedido recientemente permisos de investigación y prospección para la posible explotación de yacimientos de gas mediante fracking, lo que ha originado la aparición de movimientos ciudadanos que abogan por su prohibición. El objetivo central de este trabajo es estudiar el conocimiento, la percepción y la aceptabilidad que tienen los ciudadanos de la Región de Murcia sobre la explotación de esta fuente de energía. Con este fin se realiza una encuesta en la que se implementa el método de la Valoración Contingente. Los resultados informan, entre otros, que algo más de dos tercios de la población estarían a favor de su implementación, condicionado a que salud y el medioambiente sean salvaguardados. A su vez cada familia murciana se muestra dispuesta a contribuir, en media, con 15 €/año como sobrecoste en el recibo eléctrico para fijar una moratoria en la explotación.

Prevalencia de alteraciones en la interfase vitreoretiniana detectadas mediante tomografía de coherencia óptica de dominio espectral.

Science.gov (United States)

Jacob, Julie; Stalmans, Peter

2017-07-11

Objetivo: El objetivo principal del presente estudio consistió en determinar la prevalencia de los cambios en la interfase vitreomacular (IVM) mediante tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCT) en la población general. En segundo lugar, se describieron otros cambios de la OCT. Métodos: Las anomalías en la IVM se diagnosticaron mediante OCT y se distribuyeron de acuerdo con la clasificación del grupo International Vitreomacular Traction Study (estudio internacional de tracción vitreomacular, IVTS, por sus siglas en inglés) y se dividieron en 3 grados según John et al. [Retina 2014;34:442-446]. Resultados: La prevalencia calculada de anomalías vitreomaculares en la población belga de ≥50 años fue del 1,17% [intervalo de confianza (IC 0,38-3,62)] en el caso de tracción vitreomacular (TVM) focal de grado 1; del 0,39% (IC 0,05-2,76) en el caso de TVM focal de grado 2; del 8,17% (IC 5,33-12,53) en el caso de adhesión vitreomacular focal; y del 17,9% (IC 13,41-23,9) en el caso de adhesión vitreomacular difusa. Conclusiones: Se presentó la prevalencia de anomalías vitreomaculares en un estudio de cohortes belga. Estos resultados concuerdan en gran medida con los datos presentados previamente sobre la prevalencia de la TVM. Un conocimiento correcto sobre la epidemiología de las alteraciones en la IVM y un diagnóstico temprano permitirán una intervención satisfactoria. © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Determinación de las propiedades mecánicas y mecanismos de fractura de electrolitos soportados de YSZ y GDC mediante ensayos de indentación instrumentada

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Segarra, M.

2010-02-01

Full Text Available The main purpose of this work is to evaluate the different mechanical properties and the different fracture mechanisms activated during the intrumented indentation process of the electrolytes based on yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ and gadolinia doped ceria (GDC, for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs. Both materials, with a thickness of 200 μm, were shaped by uniaxial pressing at 500 MPa, and sintered at 1400ºC. Mechanical properties such as hardness (H and Young’s modulus (E have been studied at different penetration depths using the Oliver and Pharr equations. The different fracture mechanisms activated during the instrumented indentation process have been studied at constant penetration depth of 500 nm, performed with a diamond Berkovich tip indenter. The residual indentation imprints have been observed with atomic force microscopy (AFM. The hardness and Young’s modulus for YSZ electrolytes are higher than for GDC materials, due to the different fracture mechanism activated during the indentation process. As a result, the electrolytes of YSZ presented trans- and intergranular fracture mechanisms, depending on the place of the residual indentation imprint (in the grain boundary or in the middle of the grain, respectively. However, the GDC electrolyte revealed radical cracks at the corners of the residual nanoindentation imprints, thus producing a phenomenon known as chipping.

El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar las propiedades mecánicas, así como los diferentes mecanismos de fractura activados mediante ensayos de indentación instrumentada, de electrolitos basados en circona estabilizada con itria (“yttria stabilized zirconia”,YSZ y ceria dopada con gadolinia (“gadolinia doped ceria”, GDC, para pilas de combustible de óxido sólido, SOFCs. Ambos materiales, con un espesor final de 200 μm, se conformaron mediante prensado uniaxial a 500 MPa y se sinterizaron a 1400ºC. Propiedades mecánicas tales

Análisis del Método Leader (2007-2013) en Extremadura mediante técnicas SIG y Análisis Multivariado

OpenAIRE

Ana Nieto Masot; Gema Cárdenas Alonso

2017-01-01

Durante los últimos 25 años se vienen aplicando en las zonas rurales europeas, y más concretamente en Extremadura, unas estrategias territoriales con la que activar el desarrollo económico de las mismas y disminuir, en lo posible, sus diferencias respecto a las urbanas mediante la diversificación económica del territorio de actuación a través de la puesta en marcha de proyectos cofinanciados por los fondos europeos, las administraciones nacionales y la población local a través del denominado ...

Análisis taxonómico y funcional del microbioma humano mediante aproximaciones clásicas, moleculares y metagenómicas

OpenAIRE

Cabrera Rubio, Raúl

2014-01-01

La presente tesis muestra distintas aproximaciones para el estudio del microbioma humano. Éstas han ido desde la secuenciación masiva de productos de PCR, la pirosecuenciación directa del ADN ambiental, la elaboración de librerías de fósmidos y por último el aislamiento de especies presentes en el microbioma mediante sembrado de la muestra. Todas estas técnicas tienen sus ventajas y desventajas, pero todas ellas son complementarias para el estudio de un determinado microbioma. Además la elabo...

Integrando mediante patrones de software una estrategia Fuzzy-Logic, en un servicio de balanceo dinámico de carga bajo CORBA

OpenAIRE

Gricelda Medina Veloz; Francisco Javier Luna Rosas; Jaime Muñoz Arteaga; Julio César Martínez Romo

2008-01-01

El enfoque del uso de patrones en el desarrollo de software se ha popularizado a nivel mundial y dentro de la ingeniería de software se ha extendido cada vez más su uso, a tal grado que se han creado y se siguen creando catálogos de patrones para solucionar problemas en el desarrollo de software a distintos niveles de abstracción. Este trabajo se centra en destacar el diseño mediante patrones de software de un servicio de balanceo de carga para aplicaciones distribuidas desarrolladas bajo el ...

Creación y validación de un modelo de elementos finitos de una viga mediante análisis modal

OpenAIRE

Río Fernández, Pablo del

2015-01-01

En este Trabajo de Fin de Grado se presenta el proceso para crear un modelo de elementos finitos de una viga y validarlo experimentalmente mediante análisis modal. Se explican los conceptos más importantes de la teoría del análisis modal, basada en la teoría de vibraciones. Además, se exponen los diferentes métodos de ensayo modal existentes y la instrumentación necesaria para llevarlos a cabo, detallando el procedimiento experimental del ensayo modal de impacto con martillo, que es el uti...

Marcador de brecha mediante fotomicrografía sobre fibroblastos cultivados en Petri para determinar el efecto de la electroterapia

OpenAIRE

Naranjo Fraile, Aida

2017-01-01

En este proyecto se pretende crear una aplicación biomédica con la que se analicen de forma automática imágenes micrográficas para la obtención de resultados sobre una investigación. Ésta se basa en el cierre de brecha en dermis humana mediante la aplicación de terapia eléctrica. Las imágenes son obtenidas en el Servicio de Bioelectromagnetismo del Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal de Madrid. La interfaz ha sido creada con el programa MatLab, en concreto con el entorno de programación de i...

Aproximación neuro-fuzzy para identificación de señales viales mediante tecnología infrarroja

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G.N. Marichal

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Resumen: En este artículo se presenta un sistema basado en tecnología infrarroja para la clasificación de marcas viales empleando un sistema Neuro-Fuzzy como herramienta de clasificación. El sistema se ha testeado a partir de los datos suministrados cuando se ha instalado un prototipo en un robot móvil. Los resultados obtenidos son explicados en este artículo, haciendo hincapié en el diseño de nuevas reglas y la mejoría lograda mediante los métodos propuestos. Palabras clave: Control Inteligente, Robótica, Navegación de robots, Sistemas Neuro-Fuzzy

Resección de fibroelastoma papilar mitral mediante cirugía mínimamente invasiva en paciente con accidente cerebrovascular

OpenAIRE

Velásquez, Oscar; Gómez, Francisco; Alzate, Fernando; Fortich, Fernando; Mejía, Alfonso

2013-01-01

Paciente quien consultó con síntomas neurológicos y se realizó diagnóstico de accidente cerebrovascular embólico cuya etiología consistió en un tumor cardíaco de la válvula mitral (fibroelastoma) con confirmación histológica. Fue intervenido quirúrgicamente mediante técnica mínimamente invasiva a través del tórax, con excelente evolución, sininfección ni requerimientos sanguíneos; no presentó secuelas valvulares ni neurológicas. Se reportó reincorporación temprana a la vida laboral....

Síntesis de pigmentos basados en el sistema ZRO2 - SIO2 - V2O5 mediante Silicato de Zirconio

OpenAIRE

ZHANG, HONGQUAN; WANG, LIRONG; ZHANG, QIMIN

2003-01-01

El pigmento basado en el sistema óxido de zirconioóxido de silicio ( ZrO2-SiO2) es de una clase importante que se utiliza ampliamente en la preparación de cerámicas vidriadas y en la producción de esmaltes cerámicos. En este artículo se expone una nueva tecnología de síntesis, mediante la cual se ha obtenido el pigmento azul de zirconio–vanadio, a partir de un mineral de silicato de zirconio(ZrSiO4). Se discute acerca de los factores que influyen en la tonalidad del...

Prototipado rápido de un álabe mediante impresión 3D por deposición de fundido

OpenAIRE

Rojas Naranjo, Manuel

2017-01-01

La fabricación aditiva tiene un gran potencial y puede llegar a tener una elevada importancia en la industria de los procesos de fabricación. Una de sus principales aplicaciones es el ''Rapid Prototyping'' que consiste en la creación de prototipos de forma rápida para la evaluación y validación de un diseño en el menor tiempo posible. En este proyecto se evalúa, mediante un caso práctico, la calidad superficial y dimensional que puede conseguirse con una de las tecnologías de fabr...

Análisis de la eficiencia en las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito en Colombia, mediante la utilización de la técnica de Análisis de Datos Envolvente DEA, periodo 2008-2011

OpenAIRE

Moreno Sierra, Vivian Carolina; Rey Huertas, Luis Eduardo

2015-01-01

La presente estudio pretende analizar la eficiencia en las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito en Colombia, mediante la utilización de la técnica de análisis de datos envolvente (DEA); el trabajo investigativo es importante analizar al subsector cooperativo de ahorro y crédito para el periodo 2008-2011 debido a que este subsector es el más dinámico del sector cooperativo. La identificación de las cooperativas eficientes requiere de la aplicación de una técnica no paramétrica mediante el análisis...

An Extensible Model and Analysis Framework

Science.gov (United States)

2010-11-01

Eclipse or Netbeans Rich Client Platform (RCP). We call this the Triquetrum Project. Configuration files support narrower variability than Triquetrum/RCP...Triquetrum/RCP supports assembling in arbitrary ways. (12/08 presentation) 2. Prototyped OSGi component architecture for use with Netbeans and