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Sample records for international ec-dg jrc

  1. The biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of 99Tcmm-EC-DG in normal volunteers

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tang Jun; Yang Yi; Liu Zengli; Shi Yizhen

    2010-01-01

    The objective of this study is to evaluate the biodistribution of technetium-99m labeled ethylenedicysteine-deoxyglucose ( 99 Tc m -EC-DG) and to calculate its internal radiation absorbed dose in normal volunteers. 740 MBq 99 Tc m -EC-DG was injected into the antecubital vein. 2 ml blood were sampled from the contralateral antecubital vein at different time after the injection, and its radioactivity was measured. The bi-exponential curve of time-radioactivity of blood and the dynamic parameters were obtained by using ORIGIN 5.0. Urine was collected in 24 hours after the injection and the percentage of Radioactivity excreted by urine to the total injected radioactivity was calculated. The anterior and posterior whole body imaging were acquired at different time after the injection of 740 MBq 99 Tc m -EC-DG. The region of interest of these referring organs and tissues was drawn, their radioactivity at different time was calculated. The bi-exponential curve of time-radioactivity of every organ was obtained by using ORIGIN 5.0, and then cumulated radioactivity and retaining time of 99 Tcm-EC-DG were calculated and input into the software MIRDOSE 3.0 to obtain the radiation absorbed dose of every organ and tissue. The heart rate, blood pressure and breathing frequency is normal after the injection. The male volunteer's T1/2α is 39 seconds, T1/2β is 59 minutes and that of female volunteer is 21 seconds and 61 minutes. 99 Tc m -EC-DG imaging is safe, and its characteristic of biodistribution in normal volunteer makes it easy to accumulate in tumor. Brain is not imaged, the uptake of muscle is low. The absorbed dose of every organ is far lower than that of the public annual average limitation. (authors)

  2. JRC/IE support activities to PHARE nuclear safety programmes. Dissemination of PHARE project results

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ranguelova, V.; Pla, P.; Rieg, C.; Bieth, M.

    2005-01-01

    Nuclear safety in Europe is one of European Union's primary concerns, therefore the European Union decided to take a prominent role to help the New Independent States and countries of Central and Eastern Europe to ensure the safety of their nuclear reactors. The European Union TACIS and PHARE programmes in nuclear safety have been undertaken since 1990. The European Commission's Directorate General External Relations (EC DG RELEX) and, Directorate General Europe Aid Co-operation Office (EC DG AIDCO), are responsible for programming and management of implementation of TACIS projects. Directorate General Enlargement (EC DG ELARG) is responsible for programming PHARE programmes, but implementation of most projects has been decentralised since 1999 budget year to the Beneficiary countries. DG ELARG acts as backstopping for the relevant EC Delegations. In these activities, the TSSTP Unit at the JRC/IE in Petten, The Netherlands, is a technical and scientific adviser of DG RELEX and DG AIDCO and provides support to DG ELARG for very specific technical issues. Several PHARE projects aiming at improving nuclear safety have been successfully implemented for a number of plants from Central and Eastern Europe. In some cases major safety issues have been addressed by means of multi-country projects and results have been disseminated to the rest of the nuclear community. Although a lot of information has been exchanged at a bilateral level, further effort is needed to collect the project results in a systematic way and make them available by means of the internet. At present the TSSTP Unit is implementing two projects for dissemination of PHARE project results. This activity will take a better advantage of today's communication technologies and ensure the management of the acquired knowledge through preservation and user-friendly access and retrieval of the project results. The paper provides an outline of the TSSTP Unit relevant knowledge preservation initiative, a description

  3. Structural materials performance research at JRC-Institute for Energy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Haehner, P.

    2009-01-01

    The DG-JRC structure and activities are presented in the paper. The Generation IV reactor concepts Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR), Supercritical Water Reactor (SCWR) and Lead Cooled Reactor (LCR) are currently under study at the JRC. Requirements for innovative nuclear systems and material-related operational condition are under investigation. Considering the operational experience with current nuclear industry, these conditions imply demanding challenges from the structural materials point of view. The European Projects and initiatives and coordinated research programs are also presented

  4. CERN and the JRC discuss new collaboration opportunities

    CERN Multimedia

    Antonella Del Rosso

    2014-01-01

    At a recent meeting organised by the Knowledge Transfer group, the Director for Science Policy and Stakeholder Relations of the European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) together with a delegation from five JRC institutes came to CERN to identify topics of common interest where concrete collaborations between the two organisations could start.   Although CERN and the JRC have been collaborating over the last two decades on neutron-related research through the n-TOF collaboration and CERN is a member of the JRC’s TTO CIRCLE (see box), the bilateral meeting organised at the end of January was the first of its kind.  “Within the TTO CIRCLE we had met in many other circumstances. However, since the JRC is the only EC Directorate-General performing research and CERN is Europe’s largest scientific laboratory, it seemed natural to explore better the specific areas where there is a common interest in sharing knowledge and possibly trigger new developments,&...

  5. Summary of JRC activities related to European-wide exchange of radiological information during nuclear emergencies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    De Court, M.; Vries de, G.; Galmarini, S.

    2003-01-01

    Full text: The large transboundary effects of the radioactive release during the Chernobyl accident evidenced the need for international provisions for data and Information exchange. The JRC, in its EC support activity to DG TREN H.4, called REM (Radioactivity Environmental Monitoring), has more than 10 years experience in developing systems to make early notification and reliable radiological information exchange available to the EU member states in case of nuclear accidents. The aim and status of these systems are described: 1.)ECURIE: The legal basis for the EC systems is the Council Decision 87/600 of 14 December 1987. It resulted in the ECURIE network which allows the EU Member States and Switzerland to notify an accident and to subsequently exchange the radiological information as required by this Council decision. The underlying information exchange code (C.1. structure) does not only provide radiological measurements, but also predicted values, site meteorological data and decisions taken. Software was developed to facilitate coding and decoding of the messages. Initially the messages were transmitted by telex. The latest software (CoDecS, in use since the beginning of 2001) uses ISDN and Internet for the Information exchange. lt runs an the Windows NT and 2000 platforms. Regular exercises test the communication system and the software. In view of improving the efficiency of data and Information transfer for their common Member States, the IAEA and the EC are harmonizing ECURIE and the ENATOM early notification system. A first result has been the definition of an enhanced CIS format. Modifications will be made to the CoDecs software and to the IAEA - ENAC website so that information can be exchanged between the two systems in an automated manner. The EC wishes to extend the ECURIE network to the EU candidate countries. The official agreements are in an advanced state and participation of many candidate countries is foreseen by the end of 2003. It is

  6. Safety and security of energy infrastructures in Europe - the EC - DG JRC's energy risks monitor (ERMON) project

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kirchsteiger, C.

    2005-01-01

    various past benchmark exercises on methods currently used for purposes of risk assessment in the nuclear and chemical industries, from state-of-the-art reviews in EU member states as well as from insights gained from several international conferences and workshops on the issue organized in the last few years by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC). In the second part of the paper, specifically, the use of different systems for the generation and distribution of energy is discussed. Different types of energy systems provide the basic resources for industrial production, transport and domestic needs. On the other hand, they involve the management of hazardous activities that pose a threat to public health and environment. During the last years, regulators, utilities, environmental groups and the general public have paid significant attention to risk issues related to the entire life cycle of energy systems. This paper will describe a methodology to compare different risk assessments results carried out in the various types of energy systems. A practical web-based decision support tool is being developed by the JRC to map available end results of any energy risk assessment or incident/accident statistics into common metrics in order to allow fair results comparison and detect possible trends. (author)

  7. JRC GMO-Amplicons: a collection of nucleic acid sequences related to genetically modified organisms.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Petrillo, Mauro; Angers-Loustau, Alexandre; Henriksson, Peter; Bonfini, Laura; Patak, Alex; Kreysa, Joachim

    2015-01-01

    The DNA target sequence is the key element in designing detection methods for genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Unfortunately this information is frequently lacking, especially for unauthorized GMOs. In addition, patent sequences are generally poorly annotated, buried in complex and extensive documentation and hard to link to the corresponding GM event. Here, we present the JRC GMO-Amplicons, a database of amplicons collected by screening public nucleotide sequence databanks by in silico determination of PCR amplification with reference methods for GMO analysis. The European Union Reference Laboratory for Genetically Modified Food and Feed (EU-RL GMFF) provides these methods in the GMOMETHODS database to support enforcement of EU legislation and GM food/feed control. The JRC GMO-Amplicons database is composed of more than 240 000 amplicons, which can be easily accessed and screened through a web interface. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt at pooling and collecting publicly available sequences related to GMOs in food and feed. The JRC GMO-Amplicons supports control laboratories in the design and assessment of GMO methods, providing inter-alia in silico prediction of primers specificity and GM targets coverage. The new tool can assist the laboratories in the analysis of complex issues, such as the detection and identification of unauthorized GMOs. Notably, the JRC GMO-Amplicons database allows the retrieval and characterization of GMO-related sequences included in patents documentation. Finally, it can help annotating poorly described GM sequences and identifying new relevant GMO-related sequences in public databases. The JRC GMO-Amplicons is freely accessible through a web-based portal that is hosted on the EU-RL GMFF website. Database URL: http://gmo-crl.jrc.ec.europa.eu/jrcgmoamplicons/. © The Author(s) 2015. Published by Oxford University Press.

  8. Dgroup: DG02379 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02379 Chemical ... DGroup Brinzolamide ... D00652 ... Brinzolamide (JAN/USP/INN) ... ATC code: S01EC04 Antiglauco...ma, Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor CA2 [HSA:760] [KO:K18245] ...

  9. An ecosystem in fast evolution. An economic analysis of videogames

    OpenAIRE

    Simon Jean Paul

    2012-01-01

    This article, as well as that of Giuditta De Prato in this issue, is basedon the results of the study «Born digital/Grown digital. Assessing the futurecompetitiveness of the EU video games software industry» producedby JRC-IPTS (one of the seven research centres of EC Joint ResearchCentre). The study - part of a series of researches by JRC-IPTS on behalfof the European Commission (DG Enterprises and Industry) - analyses thevideo games economic weight inside the entertainment and mass media in...

  10. ALMOD-JRC computer program

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cacciabue, P.C.; Lisanti, B.; Tozzi, A.

    1984-01-01

    This paper discusses the details concerning the newly developed or modified models of the computer program ALMOD-JRC, originating from ALMOD 3/Rel 4. The most important argument for the implementation of the new models was the need to enlarge the spectrum of the simulated phenomena, and to improve the simulation of experimental facilities such as LOFT or LOBI. This has led to a better formulation of the heat transfer and pressure drops correlations and to the implementation of the treatment of the heat losses to structural materials. In particular a series of test cases on real power plants, a pre-test examination of a LOBI station blackout ATWS experiment and the post test analysis of the L9-3 experiment, show the ability of ALMOD-JRC to correctly simulate PWR incident sequences. Although in ALMOD-JRC the code capabilities have been expanded, the limitations of the original version of the program still hold for what concerns the treatment of the coolant thermohydraulics as homogeneous flow for the two phase conditions in the primary coolant circuit. The other interesting feature of the new code is the remarkably shorter running times obtained with the introduction of simplified numerical treatments for the solving equations, without significant loss of accuracy of results

  11. INSPIRE from the JRC Point of View

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vlado Cetl

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available This paper summarises some recent developments in INSPIRE implementation from the JRC (Joint Research Centre point of view. The INSPIRE process started around 11 years ago and today, clear results and benefits can be seen. Spatial data are more accessible and shared more frequently between countries and at the European level. In addition to this, efficient, unified coordination and collaboration between different stakeholders and participants has been achieved, which is another great success. The JRC, as a scientific think-tank of the European Commission, has played a very important role in this process from the very beginning. This role is in line with its mission, which is to provide customer-driven scientific and technical support for the conception, development, implementation and monitoring of European Union (EU policies. The JRC acts as the overall technical coordinator of INSPIRE, but it also carries out the activities necessary to support the coherent implementation of INSPIRE, by helping member states in the implementation process. Experiences drawn from collaboration and negotiation in each country and at the European level will be of great importance in the revision of the INSPIRE Directive, which is envisaged for 2014. Keywords: spatial data infrastructure (SDI; INSPIRE; development; Joint Research Centre (JRC

  12. JRC GMO-Matrix: a web application to support Genetically Modified Organisms detection strategies.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Angers-Loustau, Alexandre; Petrillo, Mauro; Bonfini, Laura; Gatto, Francesco; Rosa, Sabrina; Patak, Alexandre; Kreysa, Joachim

    2014-12-30

    The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the current state of the art technique for DNA-based detection of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs). A typical control strategy starts by analyzing a sample for the presence of target sequences (GM-elements) known to be present in many GMOs. Positive findings from this "screening" are then confirmed with GM (event) specific test methods. A reliable knowledge of which GMOs are detected by combinations of GM-detection methods is thus crucial to minimize the verification efforts. In this article, we describe a novel platform that links the information of two unique databases built and maintained by the European Union Reference Laboratory for Genetically Modified Food and Feed (EU-RL GMFF) at the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission, one containing the sequence information of known GM-events and the other validated PCR-based detection and identification methods. The new platform compiles in silico determinations of the detection of a wide range of GMOs by the available detection methods using existing scripts that simulate PCR amplification and, when present, probe binding. The correctness of the information has been verified by comparing the in silico conclusions to experimental results for a subset of forty-nine GM events and six methods. The JRC GMO-Matrix is unique for its reliance on DNA sequence data and its flexibility in integrating novel GMOs and new detection methods. Users can mine the database using a set of web interfaces that thus provide a valuable support to GMO control laboratories in planning and evaluating their GMO screening strategies. The platform is accessible at http://gmo-crl.jrc.ec.europa.eu/jrcgmomatrix/ .

  13. JRC Thinkers ‘N’ Tinkers Makerspace - Concept Note

    OpenAIRE

    VALENTE DE JESUS ROSA PAULO; MARTINHO GUIMARAES PIRES PEREIRA ANGELA

    2016-01-01

    In this concept note, we make the case for creating an in-house makerspace oriented towards the engagement of citizens in technoscientific innovations: the JRC Thinkers ‘N’ Tinkers Makerspace. The idea behind the makerspace is to have a space located in the premises of the JRC that promotes critical thinking and tinkering about technoscientific issues relevant for policy files focusing on their societal implications. We view it as a safe space where we can promote dialogues with civil society...

  14. JRC-IE's research of safety of Gen IV systems

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tsige-Tamirat, H.; Ranguelova, V.; Feutterer, M.; Ammirabile, L.; Carlsson, J.; D'Agata, E.; Laurie, M.; Magallon, D.

    2010-01-01

    The Institute for Energy (IE), one of the seven scientific Institutes of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission, has the mission to provide scientific and technical support for the conception, development, implementation and monitoring of community policies related to energy. To accomplish its mission, IE performs research in the areas of renewable energies, safety and sustainability of nuclear energy for current and future reactor systems, energy technic/economic assessment, and security of energy supply. The Generation IV International Forum (GIF) is a cooperative international endeavour organized to carry out R and D needed to establish the feasibility and performance capabilities of the next generation nuclear energy systems and support the progress towards their realization. The EU, represented by EURATOM and with the JRC as implementing agent, is working together with other GIF partners to perform pre-competitive R and D on key technologies to be implemented in future nuclear systems. IE is engaged in experimental research, simulation and modeling, scientific, feasibility and engineering studies on innovative nuclear reactor systems needed to support the EURATOM contribution to GEN IV initiative, in particular in assessment of innovative fuels and materials, development of new reactor core concepts and safety solutions and knowledge management and preservation. IE's research activities on Generation IV reactor systems are focused on the assessment of the potential of such systems to meet long term EU energy needs with respect to economical advantages, enhanced safety, sustainability, and proliferation resistance. IE participates in international collaborations and has bilateral research cooperation both with European and non-European partners. This paper gives an overview of IE's current research activities on the Gen IV reactor systems related to safety. (authors)

  15. Research and development activities of the Joint Research Centre -JRC and its involvement in the development of future nuclear energy systems

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Schenkel, R.

    2007-01-01

    Besides the policy driven support which the JRC gives to the European Commission and its Member States, the nuclear activities of the JRC also fulfil the Research and Development obligations as enshrined in the EURATOM Treaty. These have for objectives to develop and assemble knowledge in the field of nuclear energy and concern basic actinide research, nuclear data and nuclear measurements, radiation monitoring and radionuclides in the environment, health and nuclear medicine, management of spent fuel and waste, safety of reactors and fuel cycle and nuclear safeguards and non proliferation. The European Union currently imports 50% of its energy and, going by the present trend, this may increase to 70% within 20 years. One third of the electricity in Europe is currently been produced via nuclear fission and the move to innovative reactor systems holds great promise. In May 2006, the European Atomic Energy Community became a Party to the Framework Agreement for International Collaboration on Research and Development of Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems (GIF Framework Agreement). The 'Generation IV' initiative concerns concepts for nuclear energy systems that can be operated in a manner that will provide a competitive and reliable supply of energy, while satisfactorily addressing nuclear safety, waste, proliferation and public perception concerns. The JRC with its strong international dimension is not only the implementing agent for EURATOM in the Generation IV international forum, but also participates actively in related Research and Development projects. The Research and Development projects are focused on fuel development, reprocessing and irradiation testing, fuel cladding interaction and corrosion, basic data for fuel and reprocessing, reprocessing and waste treatment. In this paper the Research and Development the nuclear activities of the JRC will be presented especially those related to its participation to GIF

  16. The content of the environmental certificate under the EC Directive on ecological audits

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Falk, H.; Nissen, U.

    1995-01-01

    The environmental certificate is a key item in the regulatory regime of the EC Directive on ecological audits: it represents the essential medium for the public relations activities of an enterprise, and is a major item of review by the environmental expert authorized to assess the environmental performance. The contribution discusses in great detail the definitions and requirements given as well as the room for maneuvre left to the enterprise in laying open and declaring its environmental performance. The article is intended on the one hand to clear up difficulties, and on the other to point to means of further concretization by either national or international standardization. (orig./DG) [de

  17. Dgroup: DG01377 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available P17) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01837 ... Barbiturate sedative-hypnotics ... DG01567 ... GABA-A receptor agonist ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics... ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02025 ... Barbiturate anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics... ... DG02025 ... Barbiturate anesthetics ... DG02025 ... Barbiturate anesthetics ... Ba

  18. The Nuclear Safeguards and Security Activities under Euratom Research and Training Programme

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Abousahl, S.; Palajova, Z.; Janssens, W.A.M.; Luetzenkirchen, K.; Goncalves, J.G.M.; Aregbe, Y.; )

    2015-01-01

    Nuclear safeguards and security are absolute priorities for the EU. At technical level, the Joint Research Centre (JRC) as the European Commission's in-house science service plays an important role in the field of nuclear research, training and education that include nuclear safety, safeguards and security. The JRC's nuclear research activities are defined in a Council Regulation on the research and training programme of the European Atomic Energy Community. The JRC works closely with EC safeguards authority, whose mission is to ensure that nuclear material within the EU is not diverted from its intended use according to Euratom treaty. Technologies, methodologies and trainings are developed according to the Euratom Safeguards inspectorate's needs. In the area of nuclear security, the JRC contributes to the development of specific expertise in the field of nuclear forensics and border security detection as well as related training efforts for first front-line responders and national experts. The JRC provides its expert support for the implementation of internal EU action plans mainly in the field of radiological and nuclear security. At an international level, the JRC cooperates with the IAEA mainly through the EC support programme on the control of nuclear materials and facilities in order to avoid proliferation or diversion. Close cooperation with IAEA nuclear security is developed through the recent signature of a dedicated practical arrangement. Key partnerships have also been developed in the field of safeguards and security with the US-DoE, Russia, Japan and China. In addition, JRC contributes significantly to the EU nuclear safeguards and security outreach activities implemented under the Instrument for Nuclear Safety Cooperation and Instrument contributing to Stability and Peace. In this paper we will highlight some of the JRC contributions to the enhancement of nuclear safeguards and security at EU and international levels. (author)

  19. Dgroup: DG00793 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available anil citrate (USP) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02026 ... Opioid anesthetics... ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02026 ... Opioid anesthetics ... DG01564 ... Opioid receptor a...gonist ... DG01563 ... mu-Opioid receptor agonist Analgesic ... DG01984 ... Opioid analgesics ATC code: N01AH03 General anesthetics OPRM1 [HSA:4988] [KO:K04215] ...

  20. Dgroup: DG00795 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available tanil hydrochloride (JAN/USAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics... ... DG02026 ... Opioid anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02026 ... Opioid anesthetics ... DG01564 ... Opioi

  1. Dgroup: DG00789 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available hohexital sodium (USP) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01837 ... Barbiturate sedative-hypnotics ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics... ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02025 ... Barbiturate anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG020...25 ... Barbiturate anesthetics ... DG02025 ... Barbiturate anesthetics ATC code: N01AF01 N05CA15 General anesthetics ...

  2. Dgroup: DG00790 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available (JP17/USP/INN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01837 ... Barbiturate sedative-hypnotics ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... D...G02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02025 ... Barbiturate anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02025 ... Barbiturate anesthetics... ... DG02025 ... Barbiturate anesthetics ATC code: N01AF03 N05CA19 General anesthetics ...

  3. 1980 Annual status report: utilization of research results

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1981-01-01

    Patents and licences were part of normal JRC activity since its origin: the new feature of this programme is that through an increased JRC activity in this field as well as a structured support to D.G. XIII, the process of utilization can be started at an earlier stage, with the deliberate purpose of achieving practical results as early as possible, through an adequate R and D effort. Key element of this process is the systematic identification, within JRC programme, of those research areas, concepts, ideas, that might present interest for industry and for the public sector. In this respect D.G. XIII by its market survey and contacts with industry is providing JRC with the essential information to carry out this programme

  4. Dgroup: DG00807 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available evobupivacaine hydrochloride (JAN/USAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic... ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic... Cyp substrate ... DG01892 ... CYP1A2 substrate ... DG01633 ... CYP3A substrate ATC code: N01BB10 Anesthetic

  5. Dgroup: DG01718 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01718 DGroup Drugs for addictive disorder ... DG01715 ... Drugs for nicotine dependence ... DG00994 ... Nicotine ... D03365 ... Nicotine (USP) ... D05156 ... Nicotine bitartrate (USAN) ... D05157 ... Nicotine polacrilex (USAN) ... DG00995 ... Varenicline ... D08669 ... Varenicline (INN) ... D06282 ... Varenicline tartrate (JAN/USAN) ... DG01716 ... Drugs for alcohol dependence ... DG00996 ... Acamprosate ... D07058 ... Acamprosate (INN) ... D02780 ... Acamprosate calcium (JAN/USAN) ... DG00997 ... Naltrexone ... D05113 ... Naltrexone (USAN/INN) ... D02095 ... Naltrexone hydrochloride (USP) ... DG00998 ... Nalmefene ... D05111 ... Nalmefene (USAN/INN) ... D02104 ... Nalmefene hydrochloride ... D10812 ... Nalmefene hydrochloride hydrate (JAN) ... DG01756 ... Ondelopran ... D10143 ... Ondelopran (USAN/INN) ... D10144 ... Ondelopran hydrochloride (USAN) ... D00123 ... Cyanamide (JP17) ... D00131 ... Disulfiram (JP17/USP/INN) ... D03288 ... Calcium carbimide (INN) DG01717 ... Drugs for opioid dependence ... DG00820 ... Buprenorphine ... D07132 ... Buprenorphine (JAN/INN) ... D00836 ... Buprenorphine hydrochloride (JP17/USP) ... DG00999 ... Methadone ... D08195 ... Methadone (BAN) ... D02102 ... Methadone hydrochloride (JAN/USP) ... DG01000 ... Levacetylmethadol ... D04716 ... Levomethadyl acetate (USAN); Levacetylmethadol (INN) ... D00840 ... Levomethadyl acetate hydrochloride (USAN) ... DG01001 ... Lofexidine ... D08141 ... Lofexidine (INN) ... D04765 ... Lofexidine hydrochloride (USAN) ... DG01002 ... Levomethadone ... D08121 ... Levomethadone (INN) ... D08122 ... Levomethadone hydrochloride ... DG01003 ... Diamorphine ... D07286 ... Diamorphine (BAN) ... D07810 ... Diacetylmorphine hydrochloride ... D10250 ... Buprenorphine - naloxone mixt ... DG01151 ... Nalorphine ... D08247 ... Nalorphine (INN) ... D08248 ... Nalorphine hydrochloride (USP) ... DG01155 ... Naloxone ... D08249 ... Naloxone (INN) ... D01340 ... Naloxone hydrochloride (JP17/USP

  6. Dgroup: DG00792 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available hydrochloride (USP) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02026 ... Opioid anesthetics... ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02026 ... Opioid anesthetics ... DG01564 ... Opioid receptor ...agonist ... DG01563 ... mu-Opioid receptor agonist ATC code: N01AH02 General anesthetics OPRM1 [HSA:4988] [KO:K04215] Enzyme: CYP3A [HSA:1576 1577 1551] ...

  7. Dgroup: DG00803 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available JAN) D01243 ... Prilocaine hydrochloride (USP); Propitocaine hydrochloride (JAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetic...s ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic... ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic Other ... DG01575 ... Calcium channel block...er ... DG01573 ... Calcium channel T type blocker ATC code: N01BB04 Local anesthetics voltage-gated Ca2+ channel

  8. Dgroup: DG00299 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available (INN) ... D08311 ... Oxetacaine hydrochloride Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic... ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic... Gastrointestinal agent ... DG01975 ... Agents for peptic ulcer ATC code: C05AD06 Anesthetic

  9. Dgroup: DG01546 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available hydrochloride Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic... ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic ... Local anesthetics ...

  10. Dgroup: DG00734 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00734 Chemical ... DGroup Tamoxifen ... D08559 ... Tamoxifen (INN) D00966 ... Tamoxifen cit...rate (JP17/USP) ... Antineoplastic ... DG01585 ... Estrogen receptor antagonist Other ... DG01619 ... Clomifene and tamox...ifen derivative ... DG01620 ... Tamoxifene-type antineoplastic Cyp substrate ... DG01892 ... CYP1A2 substrate ... DG01642

  11. Dgroup: DG01002 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available gonist ... DG01563 ... mu-Opioid receptor agonist Analgesic ... DG01984 ... Opioid analgesics Other ... DG01718 ... Drugs for... addictive disorder ... DG01717 ... Drugs for opioid dependence Cyp substrate ... DG01633

  12. Dgroup: DG00999 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available agonist ... DG01563 ... mu-Opioid receptor agonist Analgesic ... DG01984 ... Opioid analgesics Other ... DG01718 ... Drugs fo...r addictive disorder ... DG01717 ... Drugs for opioid dependence Cyp substrate ... DG0163

  13. Dgroup: DG00806 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ne hydrochloride (USP); Ropivacaine hydrochloride hydrate (JAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetic...s ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesth...etic Cyp substrate ... DG01892 ... CYP1A2 substrate ATC code: N01BB09 Anesthetic

  14. Dgroup: DG00801 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available OMT substrate Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic... ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic... Cyp substrate ... DG01633 ... CYP3A substrate ATC code: N01BB01 Local anesthetics Xylidine SCN1A [HSA:6323] [K

  15. Dgroup: DG00791 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available tanyl citrate (JP17/USP) ... D10811 ... Fentanyl hydrochloride (JAN) Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetic...s ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02026 ... Opioid anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02026 ... Opioid anesthetic

  16. Dgroup: DG00794 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ridine hydrochloride (USP) Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02026 ... Opioid anesthetics... ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02026 ... Opioid anesthetics ATC code: N01AH05 General anesthetics ...

  17. Dgroup: DG00686 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Cytarabine ocfosphate hydrate (JAN) ... D03637 ... Cytarabine hydrochloride (USAN) Antineoplastic ... DG01958 ... Nuc...leic acid derivative, antineoplastic ... DG01439 ... Arabinofuranosyl type antineoplastic ... DG01439 ... Arabinofuranosyl type antineoplastic...acid derivative, antineoplastic ... DG01439 ... Arabinofuranosyl type antineoplastic ATC code: L01BC01 Antineoplastics, Antimetabolite DNA polymerase ... ... Unclassified ... DG02018 ... Antimetabolite ... DG01958 ... Nucleic

  18. Dgroup: DG01994 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available D04237 ... Fluroxene (USAN) Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02028 ... Inhalational anaesth...etics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02028 ... Inhalational anaesthetics ATC code: N01AB Inhalation anesthetic ...

  19. Dgroup: DG00800 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available oroprocaine hydrochloride (USP) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... ... DG01674 ... Esterified local anesthetic ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01674 ... Esterified local anesthetic ATC code: N01BA04 Anestheti

  20. Dgroup: DG00687 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 974 ... Fluorouracil sodium salt Antineoplastic ... DG01958 ... Nucleic acid derivative, antineoplastic ... DG01935 ... Fluoropyrimidine antineopla...stic ... DG01935 ... Fluoropyrimidine antineoplastic Unclassified ... DG02018 ... Antimetabolit...e ... DG01958 ... Nucleic acid derivative, antineoplastic ... DG01935 ... Fluoropyrimidine antineoplastic... ATC code: L01BC02 Antineoplastics, Antimetabolite TYMS [HSA:7298] [KO:K00560] Enzyme: DPYD [HSA:1806] ...

  1. Dgroup: DG00804 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available aine hydrochloride Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic... ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic ATC code: N01BB07 Local anesthetic

  2. Dgroup: DG00805 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available rochloride (USAN) Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic... ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic ATC code: N01BB08 Local anesthetic

  3. Dgroup: DG02025 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02025 DGroup Barbiturate anesthetics ... DG00789 ... Methohexital ... D04985 ... Methohexit...iamylal sodium (JP17) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics... ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ATC code: N01AF General anesthetics ...

  4. Tritium research and technology facilities at the JRC-Ispra

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dworschak, H.; Mannone, F.; Perujo, A.; Pierini, G.; Reiter, F.; Vassallo, G.; Viola, A.; Camposilvan, J.; Douglas, K.; Grassi, G.; Lolli Ceroni, P.; Simonetta, A.; Spelta, B.

    1990-01-01

    A set of experiments which are of prominent interest for the development of nuclear fusion technology in Europe are planned by the JRC-Ispra for the near future, in the frame of experimental activities to be performed in ETHEL, the European Tritium Handling Experimental Laboratory under construction at the Ispra site. These experiments already included for the most part as JRC-Task Action Sheets in the 1989-1991 European Technology Programme Actions will initiate in ETHEL on a fully active laboratory scale starting mid-1991. They will concern the following research areas: Recycling of tritium from first wall materials; Tritium recovery from water cooled Pb-17Li blankets; Detritiation of ventilation atmospheres; Plasma exhaust processing; Tritiazed waste management. In view of fully active tritium experiments in ETHEL and to obtain information of the basic processes involved, since 1985 preparatory experimental studies are being performed at the JRC-Ispra laboratories using hydrogen and deuterium. Furthermore, always with regard to ETHEL experiments, particular attention is given to possible technical and managerial problems which potentially may arise in this context. To identify at an early stage such problems a questionnaire has been developed and distributed to researchers in conjunction with an ETHEL information packet. The questionnaire demands information regarding the scope, design and operation of the intended experiment as well as planning and required support to be supplied by ETHEL. A brief description of experimental preparatory studies and future tritium handling experiments in ETHEL as well of the ETHEL facility is here presented. (orig.)

  5. Dgroup: DG00808 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ride (JP17/USP) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01674 ... Esterified local anesthetic... ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01674 ... Esterified local anesthetic Cyp inhibitor ... DG0...1645 ... CYP2D6 inhibitor ATC code: N01BC01 R02AD03 S01HA01 S02DA02 Anesthetic (topi

  6. Dgroup: DG00688 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available itabine hydrochloride (JAN/USAN) ... D10222 ... Gemcitabine elaidate (USAN/INN) Antineoplastic ... DG01958 ... Nucleic... acid derivative, antineoplastic ... DG01439 ... Arabinofuranosyl type antineoplastic ... DG01439 ... Arabinofuranosyl type antineoplastic...ic ... DG01439 ... Arabinofuranosyl type antineoplastic ATC code: L01BC05 Antineoplastics, Antimetabolite RRM1 [HSA:6240] [KO:K10807] ... ... Unclassified ... DG02018 ... Antimetabolite ... DG01958 ... Nucleic acid derivative, antineoplast

  7. Dgroup: DG01674 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01674 DGroup Esterified local anesthetic -caine ... C17723 ... Metabutethamine DG00298...oride (JP17/USP) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ATC code: N01BA N01BC Local anesthetic ...

  8. Dgroup: DG00685 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ne phosphate (JAN/USP) ... Antineoplastic ... DG01958 ... Nucleic acid derivative, antineoplastic ... DG01439 ... Arabin...ofuranosyl type antineoplastic ... DG01439 ... Arabinofuranosyl type antineoplastic Unclassified ... DG02018 ... Antimet...abolite ... DG01958 ... Nucleic acid derivative, antineoplastic ... DG01439 ... Arabinofuranosyl type antineoplasti...c ATC code: L01BB05 Antineoplastics, Antimetabolite RRM [HSA:6240 6241 50484] [KO:K10807 K10808] DNA polymerase RNA polymerase ...

  9. Dgroup: DG02028 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02028 DGroup Inhalational anaesthetics ... D01772 ... Ether (JP17/USP) DG01994 ... Halog... ... D00102 ... Nitrous oxide (JP17/USP) ... D03841 ... Nitrous oxide - oxygen Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetic...s ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... General anesthetics ...

  10. Dgroup: DG00112 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00112 Chemical ... DGroup Phenformin ... D08351 ... Phenformin (BAN) D08352 ... Phenformin hydrochloride Antidiabeti...c agent ... DG01685 ... Insulin sensitizer ... DG01684 ... Biguanide antidiabetic Cyp substrat...e ... DG01644 ... CYP2D6 substrate Unclassified ... DG02044 ... Hypoglycemics ... DG01684 ... Biguanide antidiabetic ATC code...: A10BA01 Biganide antidiabetics AMPK (PRKAA) [HSA:5562 5563] [KO:K07198] Enzyme: CYP2D6 [HSA:1565] ...

  11. Dgroup: DG02026 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02026 DGroup Opioid anesthetics ... DG00791 ... Fentanyl ... D00320 ... Fentanyl (JAN/USAN/... ... D08473 ... Remifentanil (INN) ... D01177 ... Remifentanil hydrochloride (JAN/USAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetic...s ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ATC code: N01AH General anesthetics Phenylpiperidine derivative ...

  12. Dgroup: DG01684 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01684 DGroup Biguanide antidiabetic -formin DG01684.gif DG00112 ... Phenformin ... D08... hydrochloride (JP17) ... D04103 ... Etoformin hydrochloride (USAN) Antidiabetic agen...t ... DG01685 ... Insulin sensitizer Unclassified ... DG02044 ... Hypoglycemics ATC code: A10BA Antidiabetics AMPK (PRKAA) [HSA:5562 5563] [KO:K07198] ...

  13. Dgroup: DG01000 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available pioid receptor agonist ... DG01563 ... mu-Opioid receptor agonist Analgesic ... DG01984 ... Opioid analgesics Other ... DG01718 ... Drugs... for addictive disorder ... DG01717 ... Drugs for opioid dependence Cyp su

  14. Dgroup: DG00298 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available hloride (JP17/USP) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01674 ... Esterified local anestheti...c ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01674 ... Esterified local anesthetic ATC code: C05AD05 N01BA02 S01HA05 Anesth...etic (local) Ester-type SCN1A [HSA:6323] [KO:K04833] SCN

  15. Dgroup: DG00296 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ine hydrochloride (JP17/USP) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... ...DG01674 ... Esterified local anesthetic ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01674 ... Esterified local anesthetic ATC c...ode: C05AD02 D04AB06 N01BA03 S01HA03 Anesthetic (local) Ester-type SCN1A [HSA:632

  16. Dgroup: DG00113 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available n hydrochloride (JP17/USP) ... Antidiabetic agent ... DG01685 ... Insulin sensitizer ... DG01684 ... Biguanide antidiabetic... Unclassified ... DG02044 ... Hypoglycemics ... DG01684 ... Biguanide antidiabetic ATC code: A10BA02 Biganide antidiabetic

  17. Dgroup: DG01683 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available /INN) D05739 ... Rivoglitazone (USAN/INN) Antidiabetic agent ... DG01685 ... Insulin sensitizer ... DG01795 ... PPAR gamma... agonist Other ... DG01733 ... PPAR agonist Unclassified ... DG02044 ... Hypoglycemics ATC code: A10BG Antidiabetic

  18. Dgroup: DG00297 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ine (INN) D02220 ... Dibucaine hydrochloride (JP17/USP) Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic... ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01673 ... Amide type local anesthetic... ATC code: C05AD04 D04AB02 N01BB06 S01HA06 S02DA04 Anesthetic (loc

  19. Dgroup: DG01458 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01458 DGroup Carbapenem -penem DG01458.gif DG00591 ... Meropenem ... D08185 ... Meropenem (INN) ... D02222 ... Meropene...m (USP); Meropenem hydrate (JP17) ... DG00592 ... Ertapenem ... D07908 ... Ertapenem (INN) ... D04049 ... Ertapene...m sodium (USAN) ... DG00593 ... Doripenem ... D03895 ... Doripenem (USAN/INN) ... D01836 ... Doripenem hydr...ate (JAN) ... DG01212 ... Imipenem ... D04515 ... Imipenem (INN) ... D00206 ... Imipenem (USP); Imipene...m hydrate (JP17) D01048 ... Panipenem (JP17/INN) D01057 ... Biapenem (JAN/USAN/INN) ... D01058 ... Lenapenem hyd

  20. Dgroup: DG00797 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available propofol disodium (USAN) Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01567 ... GABA-A receptor agonist ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetic...s ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ATC code: N01AX10 General anesthetics GABRA/GABRB/G

  1. Dgroup: DG01486 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01486 DGroup Penem -penem DG01486.gif DG00594 ... Faropenem ... D01839 ... Faropenem sodi...um hydrate (JP17) ... D08919 ... Faropenem medoxomil (USAN) DG01213 ... Sulopenem ... D05969 ... Sulopenem (USAN/INN) ... D09672 ... Sulopene

  2. Dgroup: DG00861 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ne D1-receptor agonist ... DG01468 ... Dopamine D2-receptor agonist ... DG01964 ... Ergot alkaloid ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson... agent Cyp substrate ... DG01644 ... CYP2D6 substrate ATC code: N04BC02 Antiparkinson

  3. Dgroup: DG00452 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available nist ... DG01468 ... Dopamine D2-receptor agonist ... DG01964 ... Ergot alkaloid ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson agent Cyp subs...trate ... DG01633 ... CYP3A substrate ATC code: G02CB01 N04BC01 Antiparkinsonian, Dopam

  4. Dgroup: DG00114 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ydrochloride (JP17) ... Antidiabetic agent ... DG01685 ... Insulin sensitizer ... DG01684 ... Biguanide antidiabetic Unc...lassified ... DG02044 ... Hypoglycemics ... DG01684 ... Biguanide antidiabetic ATC code: A10BA03 Biganide antidiabetics AMPK (PRKAA) [HSA:5562 5563] [KO:K07198] ...

  5. Dgroup: DG00982 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available or ... DG01968 ... Agents for Alzheimer-type dementia Cyp substrate ... DG01892 ... CYP1A2 substrate ATC code: N06DA01 Anti-Alzheimer...ride (USP) Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01595 ... Cholinesterase inhibitor ... DG01593 ... Acetylcholinesterase inhibit

  6. The STRESA (storage of reactor safety) database (Web page: http://asa2.jrc.it/stresa)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Annunziato, A.; Addabbo, C.; Brewka, W. [Joint Research Centre, Commission of the European Communities, Ispra (Italy)

    2001-07-01

    A considerable amount of resources has been devoted at the international level during the last few decades, to the generation of experimental databases in order to provide reference information for the understanding of reactor safety relevant phenomenologies and for the development and/or assessment of related computational methodologies. The extent to which these databases are preserved and can be accessed and retrieved is an issue of major concern. This paper provides an outline of the JRC databases preservation initiative and a description of the supporting web-based computer platform STRESA. (author)

  7. The STRESA (storage of reactor safety) database (Web page: http://asa2.jrc.it/stresa)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Annunziato, A.; Addabbo, C.; Brewka, W.

    2001-01-01

    A considerable amount of resources has been devoted at the international level during the last few decades, to the generation of experimental databases in order to provide reference information for the understanding of reactor safety relevant phenomenologies and for the development and/or assessment of related computational methodologies. The extent to which these databases are preserved and can be accessed and retrieved is an issue of major concern. This paper provides an outline of the JRC databases preservation initiative and a description of the supporting web-based computer platform STRESA. (author)

  8. Dgroup: DG01212 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01212 Chemical ... DGroup Imipenem ... D04515 ... Imipenem (INN) D00206 ... Imipenem (USP); Imipene...m hydrate (JP17) Antibacterial ... DG01710 ... beta-Lactam antibiotic ... DG01713 ... Penicillin skeleton group ... DG01458 ... Carbapene...m ... beta-Lactam antibiotics, carbapenem penicillin binding protein ...

  9. Dgroup: DG00835 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available thysergide maleate (USP) Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01483 ... 5-HT1A-receptor agonist ... DG01964 ... Ergot alkaloid ... DG01982 ... Antimigraine...agonist ... DG01518 ... 5-HT1B/1D-receptor agonist ATC code: N02CA04 Vasoconstrictor, Antimigraine

  10. Dgroup: DG00684 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00684 Chemical ... DGroup Tioguanine ... D08603 ... Tioguanine (INN) D06109 ... Thioguanine (USP) ... Antineoplastic... ... DG01958 ... Nucleic acid derivative, antineoplastic Unclassified ... DG02018 ... Antimetabo...lite ... DG01958 ... Nucleic acid derivative, antineoplastic ATC code: L01BB03 Antineoplastics, Antimetabolite ...

  11. Dgroup: DG01284 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available liptin succinate (JAN/USAN) ... Antidiabetic agent ... DG01601 ... DPP-4 inhibitor Cyp inhibitor ... DG01915 ... CYP3A5 i...nhibitor Unclassified ... DG02044 ... Hypoglycemics ... DG01601 ... DPP-4 inhibitor ... DPP4 inhibitor, antidiabetics DPP4 [HSA:1803] [KO:K01278] ...

  12. Dgroup: DG01716 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01716 DGroup Drugs for alcohol dependence ... DG00996 ... Acamprosate ... D07058 ... Acamprosate (INN) ... D02780 ... Acamprosate calcium (JAN/USAN) ... DG00997 ... Naltrexone ... D05113 ... Naltrexone (USAN/INN) ... D02095 ... Naltrexone hydrochloride (USP) ... DG00998 ... Nalmefene ... D05111 ... Nalmefene (USAN/INN) ... D02104 ... Nalmefene hydrochloride ... D10812 ... Nalmefene hydrochloride hydrate (JAN) DG01756 ... Ondelopran ... D10143 ... Ondelopran (USAN/INN) ... D10144 ... Ondelopran hydrochloride (USAN) D00123 ... Cyanamide (JP17) ... D00131 ... Disulfiram (JP17/USP/INN) ... D03288 ... Calcium carbimide (INN) Other ... DG01718 ... Drugs for addictive disorder ATC code: N07BB Drugs of addictive disorder ...

  13. Dgroup: DG00593 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00593 Chemical ... DGroup Doripenem ... D03895 ... Doripenem (USAN/INN) ... D01836 ... Doripene...m hydrate (JAN) ... Antibacterial ... DG01710 ... beta-Lactam antibiotic ... DG01713 ... Penicillin skeleton group ... DG01458 ... Carbapene...m ATC code: J01DH04 beta-Lactam antibiotics, carbapenem penicillin binding protein ...

  14. Dgroup: DG00592 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00592 Chemical ... DGroup Ertapenem ... D07908 ... Ertapenem (INN) D04049 ... Ertapenem sod...ium (USAN) ... Antibacterial ... DG01710 ... beta-Lactam antibiotic ... DG01713 ... Penicillin skeleton group ... DG01458 ... Carbapene...m ATC code: J01DH03 beta-Lactam antibiotics, carbapenem penicillin binding protein ...

  15. Dgroup: DG01282 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 601 ... DPP-4 inhibitor ... DPP4 inhibitor, antidiabetics DPP4 [HSA:1803] [KO:K01278] ... ...tin tartrate (USAN) Antidiabetic agent ... DG01601 ... DPP-4 inhibitor Unclassified ... DG02044 ... Hypoglycemics ... DG01... DG01282 Chemical ... DGroup Dutogliptin ... D09333 ... Dutogliptin (USAN) D09334 ... Dutoglip

  16. Dgroup: DG01382 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ne hydrochloride ethanolate (JAN) ... Cardiovascular agent ... DG01928 ... Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker ...Other ... DG01575 ... Calcium channel blocker ... DG01496 ... Calcium channel L type blocker ... DG01573 ... Calcium channel T type block...er ... Antihypertensive, calcium channel blocker CACNA1-L [HSA:775 776

  17. Dgroup: DG01272 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 45 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson agent ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson agent ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson... agent ... Anticholinergics, antiparkinsonian agent CHRM [HSA:1128 1129 1131 1132 1133] [KO:K04129 K04130 K04131 K04132 K04133] ... ...ne hydrochloride (JAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01491 ... Muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist ... DG017

  18. International Forum on Reactor Ageing Management (IFRAM); Proceedings of the European Engagement Workshop held in Petten, The Netherlands, 25th-27th May 2010

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Martin, Oliver; Bieth, Michel; Bond, Leonard J.; Carpenter, C.E.

    2010-01-01

    The report provides the proceedings of the workshop that engaged European representatives to discuss the formation of an International Forum for Reactor Aging Management. There were 29 participants who came from the following countries or international/European Organizations: IAEA, Belgium, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, The Netherlands, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, USA and EC/JRC. There was a large variety in types of organizations, i.e. utilities, safety authorities, TVOs and research institutes, providing large variety in the presentations. The meeting supported establishing an IFRAM Global Steering Committee and moving forward with the development of this important network.

  19. Dgroup: DG00796 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available hloride (JP17/USP) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetic...s ... DG01498 ... NMDA receptor antagonist ATC code: N01AX03 General anesthetics GRIN (NMDAR) [HSA:2902 2903 2904 2905 2906] [KO:K05208 K05209 K05210 K05211 K05212] ...

  20. Dgroup: DG01620 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01620 DGroup Tamoxifene-type antineoplastic -ifen(e) ... DG00734 ... Tamoxifen ... D08559 ... Tam...oxifen (INN) ... D00966 ... Tamoxifen citrate (JP17/USP) ... DG00735 ... Toremifene ... D08620 ... Toremifene (INN) ... D0...USAN/INN) D09380 ... Sivifene (USAN/INN) Other ... DG01619 ... Clomifene and tamoxifen derivative ... Antiestrogens or e

  1. Dgroup: DG01600 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01600 DGroup Bisphosphonate -dronic acid, -dronate ... DG00780 ... Etidronic acid ... D02373 ... Etidron...ic acid (USAN/INN) ... D00314 ... Etidronate disodium (JP17/USP) ... DG00781 ... Clodronic acid ... D03545 ... Clodron...ic acid (USAN/INN) ... D03544 ... Clodronate disodium (USAN); Sodium clodronate hydrate (JAN) ... D07720 ... Clodron...ic acid disodium salt DG00782 ... Pamidronic acid ... D07281 ... Pamidronic acid (INN) ... D00941 ... Pamidron...ate disodium (USAN); Pamidronate disodium hydrate (JAN) ... DG00783 ... Alendronic acid ... D07119 ... Alendron

  2. Dgroup: DG01685 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01685 DGroup Insulin sensitizer ... DG01684 ... Biguanide antidiabetic ... DG00112 ... Phen...litazar (USAN/INN) ... D09350 ... Indeglitazar (USAN) Antidiabetic agent ... Antidiabetics ...

  3. Dgroup: DG00102 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available hentermine hydrochloride (USP) ... Other ... DG01706 ... Antiobesity ... DG01705 ... Anoretic ... DG01704 ... Phenethylamine anorexic ATC code: A08AA01 Phenethylamine type anorexics ...

  4. Dgroup: DG00851 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available antagonist ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson agent ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson agent ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson... agent ATC code: N04AA01 Anticholinergics, Antiparkinsonian ag

  5. Dgroup: DG00853 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available or antagonist ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson agent ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson agent ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson... agent ATC code: N04AA03 Anticholinergics, Antiparkinsonian

  6. Dgroup: DG00856 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available mide hydrochloride Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01491 ... Muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinso...n agent ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson agent ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson agen...t ATC code: N04AA08 Anticholinergics, Antiparkinsonian agent CHRM [HSA:1128 1129 1131 1132 1133] [KO:K04129 K04130 K04131 K04132 K04133] ...

  7. Dgroup: DG00854 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 45 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson agent ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson agent ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson... agent ATC code: N04AA04 Anticholinergics, Antiparkinsonian agent CHRM [HSA:1128 1129 1131 1132 1133] [KO:K04129 K04130 K04131 K04132 K04133] ... ...idine hydrochloride (USP) Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01491 ... Muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist ... DG017

  8. Dgroup: DG00859 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available eceptor antagonist ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson agent ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson agent ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkins...on agent ATC code: N04AC01 Anticholinergics, Antiparkinson

  9. Dgroup: DG00855 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available cholinergic receptor antagonist ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson agent ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson agent... ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson agent ATC code: N04AA05 Anticholinergics, Antiparkinson

  10. Dgroup: DG00852 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available carinic cholinergic receptor antagonist ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson agent ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson... agent ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson agent ATC code: N04AA02 Anticholinergics, Antiparkinson

  11. Dgroup: DG00858 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ne hydrochloride Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson agent ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson... agent ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson agent ATC code: N04AA12 Anticholinergics, Antiparkinsonian agent ...

  12. Dgroup: DG01351 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available t hydrochloride (USAN) Other ... DG01706 ... Antiobesity ... DG01705 ... Anoretic ... DG01754 ... Cannabinoid receptor inverse agonist ... Therapeutic agent of obesity CNR1 [HSA:1268] [KO:K04277] ...

  13. Dgroup: DG00901 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available hloride (JP17) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01941 ... Benzamide antipsychotic ... DG01478 ... Dopamine antagonist ... D... DG00901 Chemical ... DGroup Tiapride ... D08590 ... Tiapride (INN) D01522 ... Tiapride hydroc

  14. Dgroup: DG00116 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available litazone maleate (JAN/USAN) ... Antidiabetic agent ... DG01685 ... Insulin sensitizer ... DG01795 ... PPAR gamma agonist...44 ... Hypoglycemics ... DG01683 ... Thiazolidinedione ATC code: A10BG02 Antidiabetic, th

  15. Dgroup: DG01339 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available il citrate (USAN) Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01564 ... Opioid receptor agonist ... DG01563 ... mu-Opioid receptor ago... DG01339 Chemical ... DGroup Carfentanil ... D07620 ... Carfentanil (INN) D03405 ... Carfentan

  16. Dgroup: DG00823 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00823 Chemical ... DGroup Tilidine ... D08597 ... Tilidine (INN) D06147 ... Tilidine hydrochloride (USAN) Neuropsych...iatric agent ... DG01564 ... Opioid receptor agonist ... DG01563 ... mu-Opioid receptor agonis

  17. Dgroup: DG00798 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 66 ... Sodium oxybate (USAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ... DG02027 ... General anesthetics ATC code: N01AX11 N07XX04 General anesthetics ...

  18. Dgroup: DG00868 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 2-Adrenergic receptor antagonist Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01905 ... Phenothiazine antipsychotics ... DG01478 ... Dop...ibitor ... DG01645 ... CYP2D6 inhibitor ATC code: N05AA02 Phenothiazine antipsychotics

  19. Dgroup: DG00998 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ... DG01587 ... Opioid receptor agonist/antagonist Other ... DG01718 ... Drugs for addictive disorder ... DG01716 ... Drugs for alcohol dependence... ATC code: N07BB05 Antialcohol dependence, Narcotic antagon

  20. Analysis of crack behavior in the JRC Ispra pressurized thermal shock experiment

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jovanovic, A.; Lucia, A.C.

    1990-01-01

    The analytical work performed in the framework of the Pressurized Thermal Shock (PTS) experimental research at the JRC Ispra, Italy, is described in the paper. In particular, the development of the FRAP preprocessor and development and implementation of a methodology for analysis of local non-stationary heat transfer coefficients during a PTS, have been tackled. FRAP is used as a front-end for the finite element code ABAQUS, for the heat transfer, stress and fracture mechanics analyses. The ABAQUS results are used further on, for the probabilistic fatigue crack analysis performed by the JRC Ispra code COVASTOL. Only the preliminary results of application of FRAP, ABAQUS and COVASTOL codes in the experiment are given in this paper, in order to illustrate the applied analytical procedure. (orig.)

  1. The JRC-ITU approach to the safety of advanced nuclear fuel cycles

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Fanghaenel, T.; Rondinella, V.V.; Somers, J.; Konings, R.; Erdmann, N.; Uffelen, P. van; Glatz, J.P. [European Commission, Joint Research Centre - JRC, Institute for Transuranium Elements - ITU, Postfach 2340, 76125 Karlsruhe (Germany)

    2013-07-01

    The JRC-ITU safety studies of advanced fuels and cycles adopt two main axes. First the full exploitation of still available and highly relevant knowledge and samples from past fuel preparation and irradiation campaigns (complementing the limited number of ongoing programmes). Secondly, the shift of focus from simple property measurement towards the understanding of basic mechanisms determining property evolution and behaviour of fuel compounds during normal, off-normal and accident conditions. The final objective of the second axis is the determination of predictive tools applicable to systems and conditions different from those from which they were derived. State of the art experimental facilities, extensive networks of partnerships and collaboration with other organizations worldwide, and a developing programme for training and education are essential in this approach. This strategy has been implemented through various programs and projects. The SUPERFACT programme constitutes the main body of existing knowledge on the behavior in-pile of MOX fuel containing minor actinides. It encompassed all steps of a closed fuel cycle. Another international project investigating the safety of a closed cycle is METAPHIX. In this case a U-Pu19-Zr10 metal alloy containing Np, Am and Cm constitutes the fuel. 9 test pins have been prepared and irradiated. In addition to the PIE (Post Irradiation Examination), pyrometallurgical separation of the irradiated fuel has been performed, to demonstrate all the steps of a multiple recycling closed cycle and characterize their safety relevant aspects. Basic studies like thermodynamic fuel properties, fuel-cladding-coolant interactions have also been carried out at JRC-ITU.

  2. Dgroup: DG00834 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available nist ... DG01964 ... Ergot alkaloid ... DG01982 ... Antimigraine, ergot alkaloid Cyp substrate ... DG01633 ... CYP3A substrate... ATC code: N02CA02 Antimigraine, Vasoconstrictor, Serotonin receptor agonist/anta

  3. Dgroup: DG00994 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ATC code: N07BA01 Nicotine dependence agent ... Enzyme: CYP2A6 [HSA:1548] CYP induction: CYP1A2 [HSA:1544] ...artrate (USAN) ... D05157 ... Nicotine polacrilex (USAN) Other ... DG01718 ... Drugs for addictive disorder ... DG01715 ... Drugs for nicotine depen...dence Cyp substrate ... DG01638 ... CYP2A6 substrate Cyp inducer ... DG01637 ... CYP1A2 inducer

  4. Dgroup: DG01732 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available (USAN/INN) D09350 ... Indeglitazar (USAN) Antidiabetic agent ... DG01685 ... Insulin sens...itizer ... DG01795 ... PPAR gamma agonist Other ... DG01733 ... PPAR agonist ... Antidiabetics, PPAR agonist NR1C1 (PPARA)

  5. Dgroup: DG01770 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01770 DGroup Laxative ... DG01764 ... Emollient laxative ... DG00067 ... Liquid paraffin ... ...D05042 ... Mineral oil (USP); Liquid paraffin (JP17) ... D05043 ... Light liquid paraffin (JP17); Mineral oil, li

  6. Dgroup: DG01326 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available son agent ... Antiparkinsonian of dopamin receptor agonist DRD2 [HSA:1813] [KO:K04145] ... ...hydrochloride (JAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01472 ... Dopamine agonist ... DG01468 ... Dopamine D2-receptor agonist ... DG01967 ... Antiparkin

  7. Dgroup: DG00122 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Dapagliflozin propanediol (USAN); Dapagliflozin propylene glycolate hydrate (JAN) ... Antidiabetic agent ... DG0...1794 ... SGLT2 inhibitor Unclassified ... DG02044 ... Hypoglycemics ... DG01794 ... SGLT2 inhibitor ATC code: A10BK01 Antidiabetic

  8. Dgroup: DG00115 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 7 ... Tolbutamide sodium, sterile Antidiabetic agent ... DG01790 ... Sulfonamide hypoglycemic ... DG01734 ... Sulfonamide ... ... DG01734 ... Sulfonamide type sulfonylurea receptor agonist ATC code: A10BB03 V04CA01 Antidiabetic, sulfonylu

  9. Dgroup: DG01283 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available igliptin hydrobromide hydrate (JAN) ... Antidiabetic agent ... DG01601 ... DPP-4 inhibitor Unclassified ... DG02044 ... H...ypoglycemics ... DG01601 ... DPP-4 inhibitor ... DPP4 inhibitor, antidiabetics DPP4 [HSA:1803] [KO:K01278] ...

  10. Dgroup: DG01764 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01764 DGroup Emollient laxative ... DG00067 ... Liquid paraffin ... D05042 ... Mineral oil (USP); Liquid paraffin... (JP17) ... D05043 ... Light liquid paraffin (JP17); Mineral oil, light (NF) DG01771 ... Doc

  11. Dgroup: DG00486 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available agonist ... DG01467 ... Dopamine D1-receptor agonist ... DG01468 ... Dopamine D2-receptor agonist ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson... agent ATC code: G04BE07 N04BC07 Antiparkinsonian, Emetic, Dopamine receptor

  12. Dgroup: DG00702 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available rubicin hydrochloride ... Antineoplastic ... DG01682 ... Anthracycline antineoplastic Other ... DG01529 ... Topoisomerase... inhibitor ... DG01527 ... Topoisomerase II inhibitor ATC code: L01DB08 Antineoplastic antibiotics TOP2 [HSA:7153 7155] [KO:K03164] ...

  13. Dgroup: DG00995 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ne tartrate (JAN/USAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01571 ... Nicotinic cholinergic receptor partial agonist Other ... DG01718 ... Drugs... for addictive disorder ... DG01715 ... Drugs for nicotine dependence ATC code: N07BA03 Nicoti

  14. Dgroup: DG00902 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ide hydrochloride (USAN) Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01941 ... Benzamide antipsychotic ... DG01478 ... Dopamine antagon...ist ... DG01474 ... Dopamine D2-receptor antagonist ATC code: N05AL04 Antipsychotic, Dopamine D2 receptor antagon

  15. Dgroup: DG00325 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ne hydrochloride (JAN) ... Cardiovascular agent ... DG01928 ... Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker Other ... DG01575 ... Calcium channel bloc...ker ... DG01496 ... Calcium channel L type blocker Cyp substrate ... DG01633 ... CYP3A substra...te ATC code: C08CA12 Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker CACNA1-L [HSA:775 776 778 779] [KO:K04850 K04851 K04853 K04857] Enzyme: CYP3A4 [HSA:1576] ...

  16. Dgroup: DG00324 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available hydrochloride (JP17) ... Cardiovascular agent ... DG01928 ... Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker Other ... DG01575 ... Calcium channel block...er ... DG01496 ... Calcium channel L type blocker Cyp substrate ... DG01633 ... CYP3A substrate... ATC code: C08CA11 Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker CACNA1-L [HSA:775 776 778 779] [KO:K04850 K04851 K04853 K04857] Enzyme: CYP3A4 [HSA:1576] ...

  17. Dgroup: DG00327 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available hydrochloride (JP17) ... Cardiovascular agent ... DG01928 ... Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker Other ... DG01575 ... Calcium channel block...er ... DG01496 ... Calcium channel L type blocker Cyp substrate ... DG01633 ... CYP3A substrate... ATC code: C08CA15 Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker CACNA1-L [HSA:775 776 778 779] [KO:K04850 K04851 K04853 K04857] Enzyme: CYP3A4 [HSA:1576] ...

  18. Dgroup: DG00996 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available te calcium (JAN/USAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01498 ... NMDA receptor antagonist Other ... DG01718 ... Drugs for... addictive disorder ... DG01716 ... Drugs for alcohol dependence ATC code: N07BB03 Antialcohol dependence, NMDA r

  19. Dgroup: DG01917 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available anib phosphate (JAN) DG01357 ... Varlitinib ... D09689 ... Varlitinib (USAN/INN) ... D09690 ... Varlitinib tosylate (USAN) DG01361 ... Crenolan...ib ... D10102 ... Crenolanib (USAN) ... D10103 ... Crenolanib besylate (USAN) DG01363 ... Toceranib ... D0850

  20. Dgroup: DG00864 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available se B inhibitor ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson agent Cyp substrate ... DG01644 ... CYP2D6 substrate ... DG01633 ... CYP3A substr...ate ATC code: N04BD01 Antidepressant, Antiparkinsonian, Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-

  1. Dgroup: DG00983 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available sterase inhibitor ... DG01968 ... Agents for Alzheimer-type dementia Cyp substrate ... DG01644 ... CYP2D6 substrate ... DG0...1633 ... CYP3A substrate ATC code: N06DA02 Anti-Alzheimer's agent, Anticholinesteras

  2. Dgroup: DG01248 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available liflozin L-proline (JAN) ... Antidiabetic agent ... DG01794 ... SGLT2 inhibitor Unclassified ... DG02044 ... Hypoglycemic...s ... DG01794 ... SGLT2 inhibitor ... Antidiabetics, SGLT2 inhibitors SLC5A2 (SGLT2) [HSA:6524] [KO:K14382] ...

  3. Dgroup: DG00700 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available hydrochloride (JP17/USP) ... Antineoplastic ... DG01682 ... Anthracycline antineoplastic Other ... DG01529 ... Topoisomer...ase inhibitor ... DG01527 ... Topoisomerase II inhibitor ATC code: L01DB06 Antineoplastic antibiotics TOP2 [HSA:7153 7155] [KO:K03164] ...

  4. Dgroup: DG00698 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available hydrochloride (JP17/USAN) ... Antineoplastic ... DG01682 ... Anthracycline antineoplastic Other ... DG01529 ... Topoisome...rase inhibitor ... DG01527 ... Topoisomerase II inhibitor ATC code: L01DB03 Antineoplastic antibiotics TOP2 [HSA:7153 7155] [KO:K03164] ...

  5. Dgroup: DG00879 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available hioproperazine mesilate (JAN) Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01905 ... Phenothiazine antipsychotics ... DG01478 ... Dopami...ne antagonist ... DG01474 ... Dopamine D2-receptor antagonist ATC code: N05AB08 Phenothiazine antipsychotics DRD2 [HSA:1813] [KO:K04145] ...

  6. Dgroup: DG00876 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available orperazine edisylate (USP) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01905 ... Phenothiazine antipsychotics ... DG01478 ... Dopami...ne antagonist ... DG01474 ... Dopamine D2-receptor antagonist ATC code: N05AB04 Phenothiazine antipsychotics DRD2 [HSA:1813] [KO:K04145] ...

  7. Dgroup: DG01727 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01727 DGroup Anthraquinone antineoplastic -antrone DG01727.gif DG00701 ... Mitoxantrone ... D08224 ... Mitoxantron...e (INN) ... D02166 ... Mitoxantrone hydrochloride (JAN/USP) ... DG00704 ... Pixantrone ... D05522 ... Pixantron...e (USAN/INN) ... D09654 ... Pixantrone dimaleate (USAN) D02894 ... Ametantrone acetate (USAN) D04685 ... Ledoxantron...e trihydrochloride (USAN) D04783 ... Losoxantrone hydrochloride (USAN) D05510 ... Piroxantron...e hydrochloride (USAN) D06059 ... Teloxantrone hydrochloride (USAN) D06190 ... Topixantrone (USAN/IN

  8. Dgroup: DG01260 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available on agent ATC code: N04BD03 MAO-B inhibitor, Antiparkinsonian agent MAOB [HSA:4129] [KO:K00274] ... ...mide mesylate (USAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01568 ... MAO inhibitor ... DG01512 ... Monoamine oxidase B inhibitor ... DG01967 ... Antiparkins

  9. Dgroup: DG00117 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available azone hydrochloride (JP17/USP) ... Antidiabetic agent ... DG01685 ... Insulin sensitizer ... DG01795 ... PPAR gamma agon...s ... DG01683 ... Thiazolidinedione ATC code: A10BG03 Antidiabetic, thiazolidene NR1C3 (PPARG) [HSA:5468] [KO:K08530] ...

  10. Dgroup: DG01715 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01715 DGroup Drugs for nicotine dependence ... DG00994 ... Nicotine ... D03365 ... Nicotine...08669 ... Varenicline (INN) ... D06282 ... Varenicline tartrate (JAN/USAN) ... Other ... DG01718 ... Drugs for addictive disorder ATC code: N07BA Drugs of addictive disorder ...

  11. Dgroup: DG00871 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 0 ... Triflupromazine hydrochloride (JAN/USP) Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01905 ... Phenothiazine antipsychotics ... DG...01478 ... Dopamine antagonist ... DG01474 ... Dopamine D2-receptor antagonist ATC code: N05AA05 Phenothiazine antipsychotics DRD2 [HSA:1813] [KO:K04145] ...

  12. Dgroup: DG01615 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01615 DGroup Xanthine-type diuretic ... DG00974 ... Caffeine ... D00528 ... Caffeine (USP);... Anhydrous caffeine (JP17) ... D01453 ... Caffeine hydrate (JP17) ... D07603 ... Caffeine citrate (USP) ... D08962 ... Pamabrom (USP) Other ... DG01616 ... Xanthine derivative ...

  13. Dgroup: DG01574 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01574 DGroup Calcium channel alpha-2 delta blocker ... DG01245 ... Gabapentin ... D00332...INN) ... Other ... DG01575 ... Calcium channel blocker ... CACNA2D [HSA:781 9254 55799 93589] [KO:K04858 K04859 K04860 K04861] ...

  14. Dgroup: DG00326 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available nidipine hydrochloride (JAN/USAN) Cardiovascular agent ... DG01928 ... Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker Oth...er ... DG01575 ... Calcium channel blocker Cyp substrate ... DG01633 ... CYP3A substrate ATC code: C08CA13 Dihydropyridine calcium channel block

  15. Dgroup: DG01277 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01277 Chemical ... DGroup Pirlindole ... D08392 ... Pirlindole (INN) D08393 ... Pirlindole hydrochloride Neuropsychi...atric agent ... DG01568 ... MAO inhibitor ... DG01558 ... Monoamine oxidase A inhibitor ... Reversible monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) inhibitor MAOA [HSA:4128] [KO:K00274] ...

  16. Dgroup: DG00464 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00464 Chemical ... DGroup Estrone ... D00067 ... Estrone (JAN/USP/INN) D00312 ... Estrone sodium sulfate D00948 ... Est...ropipate (USP) ... Other ... DG01584 ... Estrogen receptor agonist ... DG01986 ... Estrogen ATC code: G03CA07 G03CC04 Est

  17. Dgroup: DG01717 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01717 DGroup Drugs for opioid dependence ... DG00820 ... Buprenorphine ... D07132 ... Bupre... Naloxone ... D08249 ... Naloxone (INN) ... D01340 ... Naloxone hydrochloride (JP17/USP) ... Other ... DG01718 ... Drugs for addictive disorder ATC code: N07BC Drugs of addictive disorder ...

  18. Dgroup: DG00900 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available hydrochloride (JAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01941 ... Benzamide antipsychotic ... DG01478 ... Dopamine antagonis...t ... DG01474 ... Dopamine D2-receptor antagonist ATC code: N05AL02 Antipsychotic, Neuroleptic, Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist Benzamide derivative DRD2 [HSA:1813] [KO:K04145] ...

  19. Dgroup: DG00877 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 905 ... Phenothiazine antipsychotics ... DG01478 ... Dopamine antagonist ... DG01474 ... Dopamine D2-receptor antagonist ATC code: N05AB06 Phenothiazine antipsychotics DRD2 [HSA:1813] [KO:K04145] ... ...rifluoperazine hydrochloride (JAN/USP) ... D01448 ... Trifluoperazine maleate (JAN) Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01

  20. Dgroup: DG00462 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00462 Chemical ... DGroup Estradiol ... D00105 ... Estradiol (JAN/USP/INN) ... D01413 ... Estr...adiol valerate (JAN/USP/INN) ... D01617 ... Estradiol dipropionate (JAN) ... D01953 ... Estradiol benzoate (JP17) D04061 ... Estr...adiol acetate (USAN) ... D04063 ... Estradiol cypionate (USP) ... D04064 ... Estradiol enanthate (USAN) D04065 ... Estr...adiol undecylate (USAN/INN) D07918 ... Estradiol hemihydrate D07919 ... Estr...adiol 17 beta-hemisuccinate Other ... DG01584 ... Estrogen receptor agonist ... DG01986 ... Estrogen Cyp substrate ... DG0

  1. Dgroup: DG00809 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available rochloride (USP) Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02030 ... Anesthetics ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic ... DG01675 ... Local anesthetic... ATC code: N01BX02 R02AD04 Anesthetic (topical) SCN1A [HSA:6323] [KO:K04833] SCN2A [HSA:6326] [KO:K0

  2. Dgroup: DG00882 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available oridazine hydrochloride (JP17/USP) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01905 ... Phenothiazine antipsychotics ... DG01478...p inhibitor ... DG01645 ... CYP2D6 inhibitor ATC code: N05AC02 Phenothiazine antipsychotics DRD2 [HSA:1813] [KO:K04145] Enzyme: CYP2D6 [HSA:1565] ...

  3. Dgroup: DG00905 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ne hydrochloride (JAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01942 ... Iminobenzyl antipsychotic ... DG01478 ... Dopamine anta...gonist ... DG01474 ... Dopamine D2-receptor antagonist ATC code: N05AX10 Antipsychotics HTR2A [HSA:3356] [KO:K04157] DRD2 [HSA:1813] [KO:K04145] ...

  4. Dgroup: DG00322 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01928 ... Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker Other ... DG01575 ... Calcium channel blocker ... DG01496 ... Calcium channel L type block...1522 ... CYP3A4 inhibitor ATC code: C08CA01 Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker CACNA1-L [HSA:775 776 778 7

  5. Development of a state-of-the-art solid waste characterisation facility at JRC ISPRA

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Huhtiniemi, I.; Anselmi, M.; Hubert, P.; Vassallo, G.

    2003-01-01

    This paper will review the development and construction of a state-of-the-art waste characterisation facility that represents a fundamental element in the JRC's strategy to characterise radioactive wastes originating from four decades of nuclear research activities conducted at the Ispra Site. The state-of-the-art NDA measurement solution selected by JRC-Ispra will be presented in the light of special requirements imposed by applicable Italian legislation, norms and the qualities of the waste packages. The intended plant combines the state-of-the-art-measurement solution with comprehensive process automation in an industrial environment and is therefore of significant interest to the radioactive waste management community. (orig.)

  6. Overview of nuclear safety activities performed by JRC-IE on Gen IV fast reactor concepts

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Tsige-Tamirat, H.; Ammirabile, L.; D' Agata, E.; Fuetterer, M.; Ranguelova, V. [European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Energy, Westerduinweg 3, 1755LE Petten (Netherlands)

    2010-07-01

    The European Strategic Energy Technology (SET) Plan recognizes the need to develop new energy technologies, in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and secure energy supply in Europe. Besides renewable energy and improved energy efficiency, a new generation of nuclear power plants and innovative nuclear power applications can play a significant role to achieve this goal. The JRC Institute for Energy 'Safety of Future Nuclear Reactors' (SFNR) Unit is engaged in experimental research, numerical simulation and modelling, scientific, feasibility and engineering studies on innovative nuclear reactor systems. This also represents a significant EURATOM contribution to the Generation IV International Forum. Its activities deal with, among others, the performance assessment of innovative fuels and materials, development of new reactor core concepts and safety solutions, and knowledge management and preservation. Special attention is given to fast reactor concepts, namely the sodium (SFR) and lead (LFR) cooled reactors. Recognizing the maturity of the SFR technology, the European Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform (SNETP) considers a prototype SFR to be built as a next-step towards the deployment of a first-of-a-kind Gen IV SFR. This paper gives an overview of current research preformed at JRC-IE with emphasis on the work performed in the Collaborative Project on European Sodium Fast Reactor (CP-ESFR) within the European Commission's Seventh Framework Program. (authors)

  7. Overview of nuclear safety activities performed by JRC-IE on Gen IV fast reactor concepts

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tsige-Tamirat, H.; Ammirabile, L.; D'Agata, E.; Fuetterer, M.; Ranguelova, V.

    2010-01-01

    The European Strategic Energy Technology (SET) Plan recognizes the need to develop new energy technologies, in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and secure energy supply in Europe. Besides renewable energy and improved energy efficiency, a new generation of nuclear power plants and innovative nuclear power applications can play a significant role to achieve this goal. The JRC Institute for Energy 'Safety of Future Nuclear Reactors' (SFNR) Unit is engaged in experimental research, numerical simulation and modelling, scientific, feasibility and engineering studies on innovative nuclear reactor systems. This also represents a significant EURATOM contribution to the Generation IV International Forum. Its activities deal with, among others, the performance assessment of innovative fuels and materials, development of new reactor core concepts and safety solutions, and knowledge management and preservation. Special attention is given to fast reactor concepts, namely the sodium (SFR) and lead (LFR) cooled reactors. Recognizing the maturity of the SFR technology, the European Sustainable Nuclear Energy Technology Platform (SNETP) considers a prototype SFR to be built as a next-step towards the deployment of a first-of-a-kind Gen IV SFR. This paper gives an overview of current research preformed at JRC-IE with emphasis on the work performed in the Collaborative Project on European Sodium Fast Reactor (CP-ESFR) within the European Commission's Seventh Framework Program. (authors)

  8. Dgroup: DG00015 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00015 Chemical ... DGroup Acetylsalicylic acid ... D00109 ... Aspirin (JP17/USP); Aspalon (JAN) ... D05181 ... Aspiri...n aluminum (JP17) D07579 ... Aspirin calcium salt D07580 ... Aspirin DL-lysine (JAN) D07581 ... Aspirin... magnesium salt D07582 ... Aspirin sodium Cardiovascular agent ... DG01712 ... Antiplatelet agent ... DG01950

  9. Dgroup: DG01712 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available salicylic acid ... D00109 ... Aspirin (JP17/USP); Aspalon (JAN) ... D05181 ... Aspirin aluminum (JP17) ... D07579 ... Aspirin... calcium salt ... D07580 ... Aspirin DL-lysine (JAN) ... D07581 ... Aspirin magnesium salt ... D07582 ... Aspirin sodium DG0... DG01712 DGroup Antiplatelet agent Platelet aggregation inhibitor ... DG00015 ... Acetyl

  10. Dgroup: DG00006 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ate (USP) Antiparasitic ... DG01884 ... Imidazole antiprotozoal Cyp substrate ... DG01638 ... CYP2A6 substrate Cyp inhib...itor ... DG01643 ... CYP2C9 inhibitor ATC code: A01AB17 D06BX01 G01AF01 J01XD01 P01AB01 Antiprotozoa

  11. Dgroup: DG00463 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00463 Chemical ... DGroup Estriol ... D00185 ... Estriol (JP17/USP) ... D01986 ... Estriol t...ripropionate (JAN) ... D01989 ... Estriol diacetate benzoate (JAN) D07920 ... Estriol succinate D07921 ... Estriol sod...ium succinate (BAN) Other ... DG01584 ... Estrogen receptor agonist ... DG01986 ... Estrogen ATC code: G03CA04 G03CC06 Estr

  12. Dgroup: DG01803 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01803 DGroup Antidiabetic, alpha-glucosidase inhibitor -bose ... D00216 ... Acarbose (...e (USAN) D09779 ... Emiglitate (JAN/INN) Antidiabetic agent ... DG01663 ... alpha-Glucosidase inhibitor Unclassified ... DG02044 ... Hypoglycemics ATC code: A10BF Antidiabetics GAA [HSA:2548] [KO:K12316] GANC [HSA:2595] [KO:K12317] MGAM [HSA:8972] [KO:K12047] ...

  13. Dgroup: DG01908 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01908 DGroup Antiinflammatory drug, propionic acid derivatives ... DG00245 ... Ibuprofen ... D00126 ... Ibuprofen... (JP17/USP/INN) ... D01122 ... Ibuprofen piconol (JP17/USAN) ... D04490 ... Ibuprofen aluminum (USAN) ... D06606 ... Ibupro...fen lysine (USAN); Ibuprofen L-lysine (JAN) ... D08058 ... Ibuprofen arginine salt ... D08059 ... Ibuprofen... sodium ... D09760 ... Ibuprofen sodium (USAN) DG00455 ... Naproxen ... D00118

  14. Dgroup: DG00875 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ide ... D08341 ... Perphenazine decanoate D08342 ... Perphenazine enantate Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01905 ... Phenothiazine antipsycho...5AB03 Phenothiazine antipsychotics DRD2 [HSA:1813] [KO:K04145] Enzyme: CYP2D6 [HSA:1565] Genomic biomarker: CYP2D6 [HSA:1565] ...or antagonist Cyp substrate ... DG01644 ... CYP2D6 substrate Cyp inhibitor ... DG01645 ... CYP2D6 inhibitor ATC code: N0

  15. Dgroup: DG01671 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 3 ... Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride (USP) ... Gastrointestinal agent ... DG01762 ... Antiemetic ... DG01783 ... Benzamide type antiemetic ... Antiemetics, benzamides DRD2 [HSA:1813] [KO:K04145] ...

  16. Dgroup: DG01456 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ... D07461 ... Apraclonidine (INN) ... D01008 ... Apraclonidine hydrochloride (JAN/USP) ... DG01318 ... Detomidine ... D07795 ... Detomidine... (INN) ... D03702 ... Detomidine hydrochloride (USAN) ... DG0132

  17. Dgroup: DG01613 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01613 DGroup Xantine-type antiparkinsonian agent -fylline ... D02964 ... Apaxifylline ...(USAN/INN) D04641 ... Istradefylline (JAN/USAN/INN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson agent ...

  18. Results of the reliability benchmark exercise and the future CEC-JRC program

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Amendola, A.

    1985-01-01

    As a contribution towards identifying problem areas and for assessing probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) methods and procedures of analysis, JRC has organized a wide-range Benchmark Exercise on systems reliability. This has been executed by ten different teams involving seventeen organizations from nine European countries. The exercise has been based on a real case (Auxiliary Feedwater System of EDF Paluel PWR 1300 MWe Unit), starting from analysis of technical specifications, logical and topological layout and operational procedures. Terms of references included both qualitative and quantitative analyses. The subdivision of the exercise into different phases and the rules adopted allowed assessment of the different components of the spread of the overall results. It appeared that modelling uncertainties may overwhelm data uncertainties and major efforts must be spent in order to improve consistency and completeness of qualitative analysis. After successful completion of the first exercise, CEC-JRC program has planned separate exercises on analysis of dependent failures and human factors before approaching the evaluation of a complete accident sequence

  19. Dgroup: DG01584 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01584 DGroup Estrogen receptor agonist -estr- ... DG00461 ... Ethinylestradiol ... D00554... ... Ethinyl estradiol (USP); Ethinylestradiol (JP17/INN) ... D07928 ... Ethinylestradiol propanesulfonate DG00462 ... Estradiol ... D00105 ... Estr...adiol (JAN/USP/INN) ... D01413 ... Estradiol valerate (JAN/USP/INN) ... D01617 ... Estrad...iol dipropionate (JAN) ... D01953 ... Estradiol benzoate (JP17) ... D04061 ... Estradiol a...cetate (USAN) ... D04063 ... Estradiol cypionate (USP) ... D04064 ... Estradiol enanthate (USAN) ... D04065 ... Estradio

  20. Dgroup: DG01704 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available D05454 ... Phenmetrazine hydrochloride (USP) D07114 ... Etilamfetamine (INN) D07115 ... Clobenzorex (INN) Other ... DG01706 ... Antiobesity ... DG01705 ... Anoretic ATC code: A08AA Anoretics ...

  1. Dgroup: DG01970 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ylphenidate (USAN/INN) ... D01296 ... Methylphenidate hydrochloride (JAN/USP) ... DG00970 ... Atomoxetine... ... D07473 ... Atomoxetine (USP/INN) ... D02574 ... Atomoxetine hydrochloride (JAN/USP) ... DG00972 ... De

  2. Dgroup: DG00738 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available -dried BCG vaccine (for percutaneous use) (JP17) ... Antiviral ... DG01689 ... Live vaccine ... DG01687 ... Parenteral live vaccine ATC code: L03AX03 Immunoregulators; Vaccines ...

  3. ICES WKMAL Report 2010 - Report of the Joint MEDPOL/Black Sea/JRC/ICES Workshop on Marine Litter (WKMAL)

    OpenAIRE

    GALGANI Francois; PIHA HENNA EMILIA

    2010-01-01

    The Joint MEDPOL/Blacksea/JRC/ICES Workshop on Marine Litter (WKMAL) was established as a follow-up to previous activities on marine litter in relation to the Marine Strategy Framework Directive, where Marine Litter is one of the descriptors. The workshop was chaired by Francois Galgani (France) and supported by Henna Piha (JRC). The workshop considered the following points: ¿ Monitoring and experimental results ¿ The status of marine litter ¿ Identification of existing data on ma...

  4. Dgroup: DG02574 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available derivative ... DG01961 ... Prostaglandin derivative ... DG01960 ... Prostaglandin F derivative ATC code: S01EE01 Antiglaucoma, Prostaglandin F receptor agonist PTGFR [HSA:5737] [KO:K04262] ...

  5. Dgroup: DG02008 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02008 DGroup Gastric mucosal protectant ... DG00025 ... Sucralfate ... C07314 ... Sucralfate ... D00446 ... Sucralfate... (USP/INN); Sucralfate hydrate (JP17) ... D00177 ... Methylmethionine sulfonium chloride (J

  6. Dgroup: DG00503 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00503 Chemical ... DGroup Pasireotide ... D10147 ... Pasireotide (USAN) D10497 ... Pasireot...ide diaspartate ... D10566 ... Pasireotide pamoate (JAN) ... Other ... DG01588 ... Somatostatin receptor agonist ATC co

  7. Dgroup: DG01986 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01986 DGroup Estrogen ... DG00461 ... Ethinylestradiol ... D00554 ... Ethinyl estradiol (US...P); Ethinylestradiol (JP17/INN) ... D07928 ... Ethinylestradiol propanesulfonate DG00462 ... Estradiol ... D00105 ... Estr...adiol (JAN/USP/INN) ... D01413 ... Estradiol valerate (JAN/USP/INN) ... D01617 ... Estradiol dipropionate (JAN) ... D01953 ... Estr...adiol benzoate (JP17) ... D04061 ... Estradiol acetate (USAN) ... D04063 ... Estr...adiol cypionate (USP) ... D04064 ... Estradiol enanthate (USAN) ... D04065 ... Estradiol undecylate (USAN/INN) ... D07918 ... Estr

  8. Dgroup: DG01639 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available amine ... D07984 ... Fluvoxamine (INN) ... D00824 ... Fluvoxamine maleate (JP17/USAN) ... DG00947 ... Escitalopram ... D07913 ... Escitalopram... (INN) ... D02567 ... Escitalopram oxalate (JAN/USAN) ... DG00951 ... Mianserin

  9. Dgroup: DG01975 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 91 ... Enprostil (JAN/USAN/INN) D01451 ... Scopolamine butylbromide (JP17) ... DG02008 ... Gastric mucosal protectant ... DG00025 ... Sucralfate... ... C07314 ... Sucralfate ... D00446 ... Sucralfate (USP/INN); Sucralfate

  10. Dgroup: DG00872 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00872 Chemical ... DGroup Cyamemazine ... D07307 ... Cyamemazine (INN) D07756 ... Cyamemazine tartrate Neuropsychiat...ric agent ... DG01905 ... Phenothiazine antipsychotics ATC code: N05AA06 Phenothiazine antipsychotics ...

  11. Dgroup: DG00887 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00887 Chemical ... DGroup Melperone ... D07309 ... Melperone (INN) D08172 ... Melperone hydrochloride Neuropsychiatr...ic agent ... DG01940 ... Butyrophenone derivative ATC code: N05AD03 Butyrophenone antipsychotics ...

  12. Dgroup: DG00979 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00979 Chemical ... DGroup Pirisudanol ... D07347 ... Pirisudanol (INN) D08390 ... Pirisudanol dimaleate Neuropsychia...tric agent ... DG01972 ... Nootropic ATC code: N06BX08 Nervous system stimulant ...

  13. Dgroup: DG01645 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available done (INN) ... D08122 ... Levomethadone hydrochloride DG01015 ... Hydroxychloroquine ... D08050 ... Hydroxychloroquine (INN) ... D02114 ... Hydroxychloroq...uine sulfate (JAN/USP) ... DG01021 ... Halofantrine ... D08033 ... Halofantrine (INN) ... D02485

  14. Dgroup: DG01614 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01614 DGroup Xanthine-type vasodilator -fylline ... DG00974 ... Caffeine ... D00528 ... Caffeine... (USP); Anhydrous caffeine (JP17) ... D01453 ... Caffeine hydrate (JP17) ... D07603 ... Caffeine citrate (USP)

  15. Dgroup: DG01633 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available Trazodone hydrochloride (JAN/USP) ... DG00974 ... Caffeine ... D00528 ... Caffeine (USP); A...nhydrous caffeine (JP17) ... D01453 ... Caffeine hydrate (JP17) ... D07603 ... Caffeine citrate (USP) ... DG00983 ...

  16. Dgroup: DG01918 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available litinib ... D09689 ... Varlitinib (USAN/INN) ... D09690 ... Varlitinib tosylate (USAN) ... DG01361 ... Crenolanib ... D10102 ... Crenolan...ib (USAN) ... D10103 ... Crenolanib besylate (USAN) ... DG01363 ... Toceranib ... D085

  17. Dgroup: DG00980 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00980 Chemical ... DGroup Nizofenone ... D08280 ... Nizofenone (INN) D01465 ... Nizofenone fumarate (JAN) Neuropsych...iatric agent ... DG01972 ... Nootropic ATC code: N06BX10 Nervous system stimulant ...

  18. Dgroup: DG00860 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available hydrochloride (JP17/USP) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01498 ... NMDA receptor antagonist ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson... agent ATC code: N04BB01 Antiviral, M2 protein inhibitor, Antiparkinsonian, Dopamine secretagogue Adamantan

  19. Dgroup: DG01673 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available P17/USAN); Oxetacaine (INN) ... D08311 ... Oxetacaine hydrochloride DG00801 ... Bupivacaine ... D07552 ... Bupivacaine (USAN/INN) ... D01450 ... Bup...ivacaine hydrochloride (USP); Bupivacaine hydrochloride hydrate (JP17) ... DG00802 ...

  20. Dgroup: DG01655 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 130 ... Apraclonidine ... D07461 ... Apraclonidine (INN) ... D01008 ... Apraclonidine hydrochloride (JAN/USP) ... DG01318 ... Detomidine ... D07795 ... Detomi...dine (INN) ... D03702 ... Detomidine hydrochloride (USAN) DG01320 ... Medetomidine ... D08165 ...

  1. Dgroup: DG01450 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ne hydrochloride (JAN) ... D02149 ... Epinephrine bitartrate (JAN/USP) ... DG00212 ... Norepinephrine ... D00076 ... Noradrenaline...rine hydrochloride (JAN) ... D02149 ... Epinephrine bitartrate (JAN/USP) ... DG00212 ... Norepinephrine ... D00076 ... Noradrenaline

  2. Dgroup: DG00067 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00067 Chemical ... DGroup Liquid paraffin ... D05042 ... Mineral oil (USP); Liquid paraffin... (JP17) ... D05043 ... Light liquid paraffin (JP17); Mineral oil, light (NF) Gastrointestinal agent ... DG01770

  3. Dgroup: DG00052 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available hiatric agent ... DG01491 ... Muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist ATC code: A03BA0... DG00052 Chemical ... DGroup Atropine ... D00113 ... Atropine (USP) D02069 ... Atropine sulfate (JP17/USP) ... Neuropsyc

  4. Dgroup: DG00591 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00591 Chemical ... DGroup Meropenem ... D08185 ... Meropenem (INN) D02222 ... Meropenem (USP); Meropene...n group ... DG01458 ... Carbapenem ATC code: J01DH02 beta-Lactam antibiotics, carbapenem penicillin binding protein ...

  5. Dgroup: DG00986 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available rochloride (JAN/USAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01498 ... NMDA receptor antagonist ... DG01968 ... Agents for Alzheimer...-type dementia ATC code: N06DX01 Anti-Alzheimer's agent, Anticholinesterase agent GRIN (NMDAR) [HSA:290

  6. Dgroup: DG00109 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00109 Chemical ... DGroup Diastase ... D03329 ... Diastase (JP17) ... D08705 ... Digestive enzyme derived from asperg...illus ... Gastrointestinal agent ... DG01744 ... digestive enzyme ATC code: A09AA01 Digestive enzyme ...

  7. Dgroup: DG01642 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 7/USAN/INN); Fluconazole capsules (JP17) ... D01429 ... Fosfluconazole (JAN/INN) ... DG00375 ... Terbinafine ... D02375 ... Terbinafine... (USAN/INN) ... D02219 ... Terbinafine hydrochloride (JP17/USP) ... DG00441 ... Diclofenac ... D07816 ... Dicl

  8. Dgroup: DG01663 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01663 DGroup alpha-Glucosidase inhibitor -bose, -glustat ... DG01803 ... Antidiabetic,...at ... D09605 ... Duvoglustat (USAN/INN) ... D09606 ... Duvoglustat hydrochloride (USAN) Antidiabetic agent ... alpha-glucosidase [KO:K12316 K12317 K12047] ...

  9. Dgroup: DG00533 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ... DG01480 ... Penam ... DG01780 ... Extended spectrum penicillin ATC code: J01CA19 Antibacterial, Cell wall biosynt...hesis inhibitor beta-Lactam, penicillin, penicillinase-sensitive, Semisynthetic penicillin: extended spectrum penicillin penicillin binding protein ...

  10. Dgroup: DG01573 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ate semisodium (INN) ... D00710 ... Valproate sodium (USAN); Sodium valproate (JP17) ... D08667 ... Calcium valproate DG01006 ... Flunar...izine ... D07971 ... Flunarizine (INN) ... D01303 ... Flunarizine hydrochloride (JAN/USAN) DG01382 ... E

  11. Dgroup: DG01754 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ... Taranabant (USAN/INN) D09349 ... Ibipinabant (USAN/INN) D10314 ... Giminabant (USAN/INN) Other ... DG01706 ... Antiobesity... ... DG01705 ... Anoretic ATC code: A08AX Antiobesity agents CNR1 [HSA:1268] [KO:K04277] ...

  12. Dgroup: DG01892 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available tine (INN) ... D01179 ... Duloxetine hydrochloride (JAN/USAN) ... DG00974 ... Caffeine ... D00528 ... Caffeine (USP); Anhydr...ous caffeine (JP17) ... D01453 ... Caffeine hydrate (JP17) ... D07603 ... Caffeine citrate (USP) ... DG00982 ... Tacri

  13. Dgroup: DG01630 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01630 DGroup beta-Estrogen receptor agonist -berel ... D06631 ... Prinaberel (USAN/INN...) D09899 ... Erteberel (USAN/INN) Other ... DG01584 ... Estrogen receptor agonist ... NR3A2 (ESR2) [HSA:2100] [KO:K08551] ...

  14. Application of ECS to a hybrid automobile; `ECS` no hybrid jidosha eno tekiyo

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Shimizu, M.; Okamura, T.

    1997-01-30

    This paper describes a simulation for a case when an energy capacitor system (ECS) is mounted in a hybrid electric vehicle in place of secondary batteries. The ECS is electric power storage equipment consisted of capacitors and electronic circuits, and capable of quick charge and discharge at high efficiency. Its energy density per unit weight is about the same as lead-acid batteries, but its output density is greater than any type of batteries. Being free of deterioration due to charge and discharge, its cycle life is almost limitless. In order to suppress heat generation, a switching converter is used to control the output to about 300W. However, internal resistance of an ECS is smaller than in an equivalent secondary battery, and internal loss and heat generation stay as low as 1/5 to 1/10. Discussions have been given on cases of using the ECS in small passenger cars, small buses/trucks, and large buses. Since the ECS can use the stored power to about 94% of the capacity, and its cycle life is sufficiently long, it can operate with charge capacity as small as 1/4 of a lead-acid battery. The weight can also be reduced largely. Regenerative power storage efficiency is high, fuel consumption can be improved, heat generation is less, and no forced cooling is required. 9 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.

  15. Dgroup: DG00785 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00785 Chemical ... DGroup Ibandronic acid ... D08056 ... Ibandronic acid (INN) D04486 ... Ibandron...ate sodium (USAN); Ibandronate sodium hydrate (JAN) ... Other ... DG01600 ... Bisphosphonate ATC code: M05BA06 Bisphosphonates FDPS [HSA:2224] [KO:K00787] ...

  16. Dgroup: DG00782 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00782 Chemical ... DGroup Pamidronic acid ... D07281 ... Pamidronic acid (INN) D00941 ... Pamidron...ate disodium (USAN); Pamidronate disodium hydrate (JAN) ... Other ... DG01600 ... Bisphosphonate ATC code: M05BA03 Bisphosphonates FDPS [HSA:2224] [KO:K00787] ...

  17. Dgroup: DG01634 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available d hydrate (JP17) ... DG00946 ... Fluvoxamine ... D07984 ... Fluvoxamine (INN) ... D00824 ... Fluvoxamine maleate (JP17/USAN) ... DG00974 ... Caffeine... ... D00528 ... Caffeine (USP); Anhydrous caffeine (JP17) ... D01453 ... Caffeine hydrate (JP17) ... D07603 ... Caffeine

  18. Dgroup: DG00984 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available linesterase inhibitor ... DG01594 ... Butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor ... DG01968 ... Agents for Alzheimer-type dementi...a ATC code: N06DA03 Anti-Alzheimer's agent, Anticholinesterase agent ACHE [HSA:43] [KO:K01049] BCHE [HSA:590] [KO:K01050] ...

  19. EC + LH current drive efficiency in the presence of an internal transport barrier

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rosa, P.R. da S; Ziebell, L.F.

    2002-01-01

    In this paper we study the effects of the presence of an internal transport barrier (ITB) on the current drive efficiency and power deposition profiles in the case of electron cyclotron waves interacting with an extended tail generated by lower hybrid (LH) waves. We study the subject by numerically solving the Fokker-Planck equation, with temperature and density profiles corrected along the time evolution at each collision time, based on the actual time-evolving electron distribution function. The results obtained show that the LH and electron cyclotron (EC) power absorption profiles and the current driven by the combined action of both types of waves are weakly dependent on the depth of the ITB, slightly more dependent on the level of magnetic turbulence and much more dependent on the level of EC wave power. (author)

  20. Pressurized thermal shocks: the JRC Ispra experimental test rig and analytical results

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jovanovic, A.; Lucia, A.C.

    1990-01-01

    The paper tackles some issues of particular interest for the remanent (remaining) life prediction for the pressurized components exposed to pressurized thermal shock (PTS) loads, that have been tackled in analytical work performed in the framework of the MPA - JRC collaboration for the PTS experimental research at the JRC Ispra. These issues regard in general application of damage mechanics, fracture mechanics and artificial intelligence (including the treatment of uncertainties in the PTS analysis and experiments). The considered issues are essential for further understanding and modelling of the crack behaviour and of the component response in PTS conditions. In particular, the development of the FRAP preprocessor and development and implementation of a methodology for analysis of local non-stationary heat transfer coefficients during a PTS, have been explained more in detail. FRAP is used as a frontend, for the finite element code ABAQUS, for the heat transfer, stress and fracture mechanics analyses. The ABAQUS results are used further on, for the probabilistic fatigue crack growth analysis performed by the COVASTOL code. (author)

  1. Dgroup: DG00857 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 1745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson agent ... DG01967 ... Antiparkinson agent ... DG01745 ... Anticholinergic antiparkinson... agent ATC code: N04AA10 Anticholinergics, Antiparkinsonian agent CHRM [HSA:1128 1129 1131 1132 1133] [KO:K04129 K04130 K04131 K04132 K04133] ...

  2. Dgroup: DG00781 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00781 Chemical ... DGroup Clodronic acid ... D03545 ... Clodronic acid (USAN/INN) D03544 ... Clodron...ate disodium (USAN); Sodium clodronate hydrate (JAN) D07720 ... Clodronic acid disodium salt Other ... DG01600 ... Bisphosphonate ATC code: M05BA02 Bisphosphonates ...

  3. Dgroup: DG00783 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00783 Chemical ... DGroup Alendronic acid ... D07119 ... Alendronic acid (INN) D00939 ... Alendron...ate sodium (USAN); Alendronate sodium hydrate (JP17) ... Other ... DG01600 ... Bisphosphonate ATC code: M05BA04 Bisphosphonates FDPS [HSA:2224] [KO:K00787] ...

  4. Dgroup: DG01455 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 212 ... Norepinephrine ... D00076 ... Noradrenaline (JP17); Norepinephrine (INN) ... D05206 ... Norepinephrine bitartr...USP); Isoprenaline sulfate (JAN) ... D02150 ... l-Isoprenaline hydrochloride (JP17) ... DG00212 ... Norepinephrine ... D00076 ... Noradrenaline...DG00212 ... Norepinephrine ... D00076 ... Noradrenaline (JP17); Norepinephrine (INN) ...

  5. The JRC experiment program

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dworschak, H.

    1993-01-01

    JRC-ETHEL has chosen as the principle objective of its research program the improvement of protection measures in facilities handling large amounts of tritium. Technically, this involves investigating and assessing tritium propagation modes and transfer pathways in materials, components, equipment, and process plants. The experiment research work to be performed in ETHEL will basically aim at investigating: (1) Loss mechanisms by identifying physico-chemical parameters such as adsorption/desorption rates, permeation rates, leakages of materials for fusion reactors and the effects of potential remedies like permeation barriers under process-like conditions. (2) Multiple containment systems and fluid clean-up concepts under normal and accidental conditions. (3) Methods for solid waste handling, treatment, conditioning, and final disposal. (4) Techniques for tritium control, monitoring, and surveillance over the whole concentration range during both normal and accidental conditions and maintenance activities. With the availability of two open-quotes climate chambers,close quotes the small and large caissons of 5 and 350 m 3 volume respectively, ETHEL is especially suited for benchmark and scale-up tests of many kinds of large gas volumes treatment system. This will help to close the gap between laboratory-scale results and plant-size design specifications and represents an important source of information for designers (NET, ITER) and regulatory authorities

  6. Dgroup: DG01909 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available salazide DG01909.gif DG00015 ... Acetylsalicylic acid ... D00109 ... Aspirin (JP17/USP); Aspalon (JAN) ... D05181 ... Aspirin... aluminum (JP17) ... D07579 ... Aspirin calcium salt ... D07580 ... Aspirin DL-lysine (JAN) ... D07581 ... Aspirin magnesium salt ... D07582 ... Aspiri

  7. Dgroup: DG00786 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00786 Chemical ... DGroup Risedronic acid ... D08484 ... Risedronic acid (INN) D00942 ... Risedron...ate sodium (USP) ... D03234 ... Sodium risedronate hydrate (JP17) ... Other ... DG01600 ... Bisphosphonate ATC code: M05BA07 Bisphosphonates FDPS [HSA:2224] [KO:K00787] ...

  8. Dgroup: DG01001 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ific agonist Other ... DG01718 ... Drugs for addictive disorder ... DG01717 ... Drugs for op...ioid dependence ATC code: N07BC04 Alpha2b-adrenergic receptor agonist, Drugs used in opioid dependence, Antihypertensives ADRA2B [HSA:151] [KO:K04139] ...

  9. Dgroup: DG00973 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00973 Chemical ... DGroup Lisdexamfetamine ... D08130 ... Lisdexamfetamine (INN) D04747 ... Lisdexamfe...tamine dimesylate (USAN); Lisdexamfetamine mesilate (JAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01970 ... Age...nts for ADHD ATC code: N06BA12 Psychostimulant, Central sympathomimetic agent Active form of prodrug: Dextroamphetamine (Dexamfe

  10. Dgroup: DG00330 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available her ... DG01575 ... Calcium channel blocker ... DG01496 ... Calcium channel L type blocker ATC code: C08DA02 Phenylalky...lamine calcium channel blocker CACNA1-L [HSA:775 776 778 779] [KO:K04850 K04851 K04853 K04857] ...

  11. Dgroup: DG01798 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available eutral (USAN); Neutral insulin injection (INN) D04550 ... Insulin zinc, prompt (USP) Antidiabetic... agent ... DG01636 ... Insulin and analogue ... DG01802 ... Human insulin ATC code: A10AB Antidiabetics INSR (CD220) [HSA:3643] [KO:K04527] ... CYP induction: CYP1A2 [HSA:1544

  12. Dgroup: DG01799 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available e (USP) D04547 ... Insulin, isophane (USP); Isophane insulin injection (aqueous suspension) (JAN) Antidiabetic ...agent ... DG01636 ... Insulin and analogue ... DG01802 ... Human insulin ATC code: A10AC Antidiabetics INSR (CD220) [HSA:3643] [KO:K04527] ... CYP induction: CYP1A2 [HSA:1544

  13. Dgroup: DG01746 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 48 ... Loop diuretic ... Loop diuretics, sulfonamide SLC12A1 (NKCC2) [HSA:6557] [KO:K14425] SLC12A2 (NKCC1) [HSA:6558] [KO:K10951] ... ...P17/USP/INN) ... D01634 ... Piretanide (JAN/USAN/INN) Cardiovascular agent ... DG01690 ... Sulfonamide diuretic ... DG017

  14. Dgroup: DG01504 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ory drug, salicylic acid derivatives ... DG00015 ... Acetylsalicylic acid ... D00109 ... Aspirin (JP17/USP); Aspalon (JAN) ... D05181 ... Aspirin... aluminum (JP17) ... D07579 ... Aspirin calcium salt ... D07580 ... Aspirin DL-lysine (JAN) ... D07581 ... Aspirin... magnesium salt ... D07582 ... Aspirin sodium ... DG00099 ... Olsalazine ... D0

  15. Dgroup: DG01751 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ta-1a (USAN); Interferon beta-1a (genetical recombination) (JAN) ... Antineoplastic ... DG01752 ... Interferone ... Immunostimulants, Antineoplastics ... ... DG01751 Chemical ... DGroup Interferon beta ... D00746 ... Interferon beta-1b (USAN/INN); Interferon beta-1b (genet...ical recombination) (JAN) ... D03304 ... Interferon beta (JAN) ... D04554 ... Interferon be

  16. Dgroup: DG01501 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available N) ... D03077 ... Benazeprilat (USAN/INN) D03440 ... Ceronapril (USAN/INN) D03756 ... Indolapril hydrochloride (USAN) ... (USAN) ... D00383 ... Trandolapril (JAN/INN) ... DG00342 ... Spirapril ... D08529 ... Spirapril (INN) ... D03765 ... Spirapril ...USAN); Cilazapril hydrate (JP17) ... DG00341 ... Fosinopril ... D07992 ... Fosinopril (INN) ... D00622 ... Fosinopril sodium

  17. Dgroup: DG01800 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ulin human zinc (USP) D04543 ... Insulin human zinc, extended (USP) D05622 ... Proinsulin human (USAN) Antidiabetic... agent ... DG01636 ... Insulin and analogue ... DG01802 ... Human insulin ATC code: A10AE Antidiabetics INSR (CD220) [HSA:3643] [KO:K04527] ... CYP induction: CYP1A2 [HSA:1544

  18. Dgroup: DG00874 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available AN/USP) ... D02163 ... Fluphenazine maleate (JAN) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG01905 ... Phenothiazine antipsychoti...ubstrate ... DG01644 ... CYP2D6 substrate ATC code: N05AB02 Antipsychotic, Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist Phenothiazine derivative DRD2 [HSA:1813] [KO:K04145] Enzyme: CYP2D6 [HSA:1565] ...

  19. Dgroup: DG00787 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00787 Chemical ... DGroup Zoledronic acid ... D08689 ... Zoledronic acid (INN) D01968 ... Zoledron...ic acid (USAN); Zoledronic acid hydrate (JAN) ... D06378 ... Zoledronate disodium (USAN) D06379 ... Zoledron...ate trisodium (USAN) D10515 ... Zoledronic acid hemipentahydrate (JAN) Other ... DG01600 ... Bisphosphonate ATC code: M05BA08 Bisphosphonates FDPS [HSA:2224] [KO:K00787] ...

  20. Optimal DG placement in deregulated electricity market

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gautam, Durga; Mithulananthan, Nadarajah

    2007-01-01

    This paper presents two new methodologies for optimal placement of distributed generation (DG) in an optimal power flow (OPF) based wholesale electricity market. DG is assumed to participate in real time wholesale electricity market. The problem of optimal placement, including size, is formulated for two different objectives, namely, social welfare maximization and profit maximization. The candidate locations for DG placement are identified on the basis of locational marginal price (LMP). Obtained as lagrangian multiplier associated with active power flow equation for each node, LMP gives the short run marginal cost (SRMC) of electricity. Consumer payment, evaluated as a product of LMP and load at each load bus, is proposed as another ranking to identify candidate nodes for DG placement. The proposed rankings bridges engineering aspects of system operation and economic aspects of market operation and act as good indicators for the placement of DG, especially in a market environment. In order to provide a scenario of variety of DGs available in the market, several cost characteristics are assumed. For each DG cost characteristic, an optimal placement and size is identified for each of the objectives. The proposed methodology is tested in a modified IEEE 14 bus test system. (author)

  1. Susceptibility of the tomato mutant high pigment-2dg (hp-2dg) to Orobanche spp. infection.

    Science.gov (United States)

    López-Ráez, Juan Antonio; Charnikhova, Tatsiana; Mulder, Patrick; Kohlen, Wouter; Bino, Raoul; Levin, Ilan; Bouwmeester, Harro

    2008-08-13

    The consumption of natural products with potential health benefits has been continuously growing, and enhanced pigmentation is of major economic importance in fruits and vegetables. The tomato hp-2 ( dg ) is an important mutant line that has been introgressed into commercial tomato cultivars marketed as lycopene rich tomatoes (LRT) because of their enhanced fruit pigmentation, attributed to higher levels of carotenoids, including lycopene. Strigolactones are signaling compounds that mediate host finding in root parasitic plants and are biosynthetically derived from carotenoids. Considering the high carotenoid content of the hp-2 ( dg ) mutant, we studied its susceptibility to the root parasite Orobanche. In a field experiment, the average number of Orobanche aegyptiaca plants growing on hp-2 ( dg ) was surprisingly significantly reduced compared with its isogenic wild-type counterpart. In vitro assays and LC-MS/MS analysis showed that this reduction was associated with a lower production of strigolactones, which apparently renders the high-carotenoid hp-2 ( dg ) mutant less susceptible to Orobanche.

  2. FARO and KROTOS code simulation and analysis at JRC Ispra

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Annunziato, A.; Yerkess, A.; Addabbo, C. [European Commission-Joint Research Centre, Inst. for Systems, Informatics and Safety, 21020 Ispra (Italy)

    1998-01-01

    The paper summarizes relevant results from the pre and post test calculations of fuel coolant interaction and quenching tests performed in the FARO and KROTOS test facilities. The main analytical tools adopted at JRC Ispra are the COMETA and the TEXAS codes. COMETA pre and post test calculations of FARO Test L-20 as well as an application of the code to KROTOS test facility are presented. The analysis provides the need to account for H{sub 2} generation models into the pre-mixing calculations. In addition salient results from the application of TEXAS to FARO and KROTOS tests are shown. (author)

  3. Do Decision 2003/54/EC and Decision no. 1229/2003/EC result in a European market for electricity?

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wenting, F.

    2004-01-01

    In the summer of 2003 the European Parliament and the European Council issued a new Directive with respect to the internal market for electricity (Directive 2003/54/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2003 concerning common rules for the internal market in electricity) and Guidelines for trans-European networks in the energy sector (Decision no. 1229/2003/EC). The question is whether these decisions will lead to a European and free market for electricity. It is concluded that this is not yet the case [nl

  4. Overcurrent protection issues due to the DG connection

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gomez, J.C.; Tourn, D.H.; Amatti, J.C. [Rio Cuarto National University (IPSEP/UNRC), Cordoba (Argentina). Electric Power Systems Protection Institute], E-mail: jcgomez@ing.unrc.edu.ar

    2009-07-01

    The present energy crisis drives to carry to an extreme the use of all the available energy sources, which need to be connected to the network in their closest point. Traditional electric systems are changing their characteristics, in what concerns to structure, operation, and especially on protection methodologies. The new protection problems of the different parts of the system are explained. The solution presents positive and negative aspects that impact the utility and the customer in different ways. A revision about interconnection international standards is presented. The contributions of generators to short circuit currents is analyzed, especially the double fed generator. Philosophy changes are studied, such as: fault current bi directionality, modification of the protection reach, failures of the overcurrent coordination due to current share, etc. Solicitations to DG due to the normal unbalance of distribution systems are also studied. It is analyzed the discrepancy between the customers and utilities regarding the 'islanding operation', presenting the semi-rigid connection. The changes in the coordination methodology fusible-recloser are also studied, proposing a new methodology to check this coordination. Experimental results on 13.2 kV are presented that relate the deionization without zero current, with arc length and with 'network power to DG power ratio'. It is concluded that DG application offers technical-economic advantages so much to the utility as to the user; and that the technology for these new protection approaches is already available, requiring of investments whose justification needs of a specific analysis for each particular case. (author)

  5. Dgroup: DG01152 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01152 Chemical ... DGroup Edetate ... D00052 ... Edetic acid (NF/INN) D00571 ... Edetate calcium disodium... anhydrous (USP) D01802 ... Edetate disodium (USP); Disodium edetate hydrate (JP17) D03943 ... Edetate calcium disodium... (USP); Calcium sodium edetate hydrate (JP17); Sodium calcium edetate (INN) ... D03944 ... Ed...etate dipotassium (USAN) D03945 ... Disodium edetate D03946 ... Edetate sodium (USAN) D03947 ... Edetate trisodium... (USAN) D07934 ... Edetate calcium disodium D07935 ... Dicobalt edetate (INN) Other ... DG01692 ... Chelator ATC code: V03AB03 Antidotes, Chelating agents ...

  6. A comparative study of the DG-OMEGA (DG Omega), DGII, and GAT method for the structure elucidation of a methylene-acetal linked thymine dinucleotide

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van Kampen, A. H. C.; Beckers, M. L. M.; Buydens, L. M. C.

    1997-01-01

    This research continues the investigation of the properties of the recently developed structure elucidation method DG-OMEGA (DG Omega). Towards this end it was applied for the structure determination of a methylene-acetal linked thymine dinucleotide. The performance of DG Omega was compared to the

  7. Monitoring Forest Carbon Stocks and Fluxes in the Congo Basin

    OpenAIRE

    2010-01-01

    The Central African Forests Commission (COMIFAC) and its partners (OFAC, USAID, EC-JRC, OSFAC, WWF, WRI, WCS, GOFC-GOLD, START, UN-FAO) organized an international conference on "Monitoring of Carbon stocks and fluxes in the Congo Basin" in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo, 2-4 February 2010. The conference brought together leading international specialists to discuss approaches for quantifying stocks and flows of carbon in tropical forests of the Congo Basin. The conference provided a unique op...

  8. Promotion of technical harmonisation on risk-based decision making

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kirchsteiger, Christian; Cojazzi, Giacomo

    2000-01-01

    The EC-JRC International Workshop on Promotion of Technical Harmonisation on Risk-Based Decision Making, held at Stresa and Ispra, Italy, 22-25 May 2000, was an experts meeting to discuss the possible need of developing an internationally accepted generic 'standard' for risk-based decision making.This paper briefly describes the workshop background, its organisation and summarises its main results and conclusions; it reflects the personal opinions of the authors and in no way commits the European Commission. (author)

  9. Public Availability to ECS Collected Datasets

    Science.gov (United States)

    Henderson, J. F.; Warnken, R.; McLean, S. J.; Lim, E.; Varner, J. D.

    2013-12-01

    Coastal nations have spent considerable resources exploring the limits of their extended continental shelf (ECS) beyond 200 nm. Although these studies are funded to fulfill requirements of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, the investments are producing new data sets in frontier areas of Earth's oceans that will be used to understand, explore, and manage the seafloor and sub-seafloor for decades to come. Although many of these datasets are considered proprietary until a nation's potential ECS has become 'final and binding' an increasing amount of data are being released and utilized by the public. Data sets include multibeam, seismic reflection/refraction, bottom sampling, and geophysical data. The U.S. ECS Project, a multi-agency collaboration whose mission is to establish the full extent of the continental shelf of the United States consistent with international law, relies heavily on data and accurate, standard metadata. The United States has made it a priority to make available to the public all data collected with ECS-funding as quickly as possible. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) supports this objective by partnering with academia and other federal government mapping agencies to archive, inventory, and deliver marine mapping data in a coordinated, consistent manner. This includes ensuring quality, standard metadata and developing and maintaining data delivery capabilities built on modern digital data archives. Other countries, such as Ireland, have submitted their ECS data for public availability and many others have made pledges to participate in the future. The data services provided by NGDC support the U.S. ECS effort as well as many developing nation's ECS effort through the U.N. Environmental Program. Modern discovery, visualization, and delivery of scientific data and derived products that span national and international sources of data ensure the greatest re-use of data and

  10. COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF A DG INTEGRATED SYSTEM: CASE STUDY

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ch. V. S. S. SAILAJA

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available Distributed Generation is capable of meeting the load of the consumers partially or completely. Depending on the type of DG involved it can be operated in interconnected mode and islanded mode. The availability of numerous alternatives present for the DG technologies and large initial investments necessitates a detailed cost benefit analysis for the implementation of DG technologies. In this work an attempt has been made to study the costs involved in implementing the DG technologies. A practical system having two kinds of distributed generation i.e., Diesel Generator and solar photovoltaic system for its back up purpose is considered. A detailed cost analysis of the two DG technologies is carried out.

  11. The Community's R and D programme on management and storage of radioactive waste

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    McMenamin, T.

    1990-05-01

    This list of publications covers reports, proceedings, communications and information leaflets produced and published in the frame of the cost-sharing research programme of the Commission of the European Communities on radioactive waste management and disposal. The list, which is regularly updated, includes: (i) reports of contractors on research supported by the Commission; (ii) reports on research in coordinated actions, assembled and edited by the Commission staff or on behalf of the Commission; (iii) proceedings of meetings, conferences and workshops organized and edited by the Commission staff; (iv) scientific reports, communications, annual progress reports and information leaflets produced and edited by the Commission staff. Not included are contributions of contractors and staff to national or international meetings, workshops, conferences and expert groups. Work performed by the Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) in the field of radioactive waste management is not mentioned here - information on the JRC activities and publications may be found in the annual JRC progress reports and the bi-annual information leaflet EC-Focus

  12. Euratom innovation in nuclear fission: Community research in reactor systems and fuel cycles

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Goethem, G. van; Hugon, M.; Bhatnagar, V.; Manolatos, P.; Deffrennes, M.

    2007-01-01

    principally under the responsibility of two Directorates Generals (DG):*DG Research (RTD, located in Brussels), which implements and manages the programme of 'indirect actions', i.e. multi-partner projects undertaken by consortia made up of national laboratories, industrial bodies and other research organisations in the EU, usually on a shared cost basis (http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/euratom.html); - DG Joint Research Centre (JRC, headquarters in Brussels and seven scientific institutes in five Member States), which carries out 'direct actions' in their own laboratories. In the frame of the enlargement of the European Union, the JRC facilities and competences are made available to a large number of countries (http://www.jrc.cec.eu.int/). In this overview paper, the emphasis is on the indirect actions related to innovation in nuclear fission, as they are conducted in the Unit 'Nuclear Fission and Radiation Protection' of DG Research/Directorate J Energy (Euratom) (6th Euratom research framework programme/2003-2006/FP-6). The total EC contribution for this specific research is 78 million EUR. The related Community research projects are spread over the four sub-areas that are listed in the table below and described in more details further down in the paper. To carry out the above research, new financial instruments were used, namely: 'networks of excellence' (NoE) and 'integrated projects' (IP), also discussed in this paper. Numerous examples are given of the unique synergy between Euratom research, education and innovation in nuclear fission. The emphasis in this paper is on the S/T challenges and on the response that the ''European Research Area'' offers, in collaboration with private and public stakeholders. Conclusions are drawn regarding the role that nuclear fission energy plays at the EU level as part of the solution in a balanced energy mix.AreaEC contribution (million EUR)Total cost (million EUR)Safety of existing installations (projects: PERFECT, SARNET, NURESIM, COVERS

  13. Dgroup: DG01220 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available biotic, Antineoplastic, Antiprotozoal (Trypanosoma), Protein biosynthesis inhibitor ribosome ... ... DG01220 Chemical ... DGroup Puromycin ... D05653 ... Puromycin (USAN) D05655 ... Puromycin hydrochloride (USAN) ... Anti

  14. Dgroup: DG02643 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02643 Chemical ... DGroup Ritipenem ... D09849 ... Ritipenem acoxil hydrate (JAN) ... Anti...bacterial, Cell wall biosynthesis inhibitor beta-Lactam, carbapenem penicillin binding protein ...

  15. Dgroup: DG02570 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02570 Chemical ... DGroup Tebipenem ... D09598 ... Tebipenem pivoxil (JAN/INN) ... Anti...bacterial, Cell wall biosynthesis inhibitor beta-Lactam, Carbapenem penicillin binding protein ...

  16. Dgroup: DG01244 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available odium (USAN) Anti-allergic agent ... DG01541 ... Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist ... Leukotrien-receptor antagonist; Antiasthmatic agent CYSLTR1 [HSA:10800] [KO:K04322] ...

  17. European Union: Review of fast reactor related activities

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Goethem, G. van; Hugon, M.

    1998-01-01

    The European Commission (EC) continued its fast reactor research activities on the same lines as in the past, but with the main emphasis on partitioning and transmutation (P and T) of long-lived radionuclides. The work was carried out by research institutions in the Member States and by the EC Joint Research Centre (JRC) as cost shared actions. The JRC has also been performing its own programme through institutional and competitive research activities. The JRC institutes involved in these studies are the Institute of Systems, Informatics and Safety (ISIS) in Ispra (I), the Institute for Transuranium Elements (ITU) in Karlsruhe (D) and the Institute for Advanced Materials in Petten. This paper summarizes the main activities performed in the field of (i) fast reactor safety and of (ii) partitioning and transmutation. (author)

  18. CONTEMPT-DG containment analysis code

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Deem, R.E.; Rousseau, K.

    1982-01-01

    The assessment of hydrogen burning in a containment building during a degraded core event requires a knowledge of various system responses. These system responses (i.e. heat sinks, fan cooler units, sprays, etc.) can have a marked effect on the overall containment integrity results during a hydrogen burn. In an attempt to properly handle the various system responses and still retain the capability to perform sensitivity analysis on various parameters, the CONTEMPT-DG computer code was developed. This paper will address the historical development of the code, its various features, and the rationale for its development. Comparisons between results from the CONTEMPT-DG analyses and results from similar MARCH analyses will also be given

  19. Dgroup: DG01358 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01358 Chemical ... DGroup Trastuzumab ... D03257 ... Trastuzumab (INN); Trastuzumab (genetica...l recombination) (JAN) ... D09980 ... Trastuzumab emtansine (USAN/INN); Trastuzumab emtansine (genetical re

  20. Dgroup: DG02648 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02648 Chemical ... DGroup Infliximab ... D02598 ... Infliximab (USAN/INN); Infliximab (genetica...l recombination) (JAN); Infliximab (genetical recombination) [Infliximab biosimilar1] (JAN); Infliximab (genetica

  1. Dgroup: DG02612 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02612 Chemical ... DGroup Rituximab ... D02994 ... Rituximab (USAN/INN); Rituximab (gene...tical recombination) (JAN); Rituximab (genetical recombination) [Rituximab biosimilar 1] (JAN) ... ATC code:

  2. Dgroup: DG01417 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01417 Chemical ... DGroup Volasertib ... D10182 ... Volasertib (USAN) D10183 ... Volasertib... trihydrochloride (USAN); Volasertib hydrochloride (JAN) ... Antineoplastics PLK1 [HSA:5347] [KO:K06631] ...

  3. Dgroup: DG01789 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ) DG01442 ... Tedizolid ... D09685 ... Tedizolid (USAN/INN) ... D09686 ... Tedizolid phosphate (JAN/USAN) ... D10167 ... Sutezolid (USAN/INN) Antibacterial ... Antibiotics 50S ribosomal subunit ...

  4. Dgroup: DG01644 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available xetine ... D07473 ... Atomoxetine (USP/INN) ... D02574 ... Atomoxetine...0967 ... Dexamfetamine ... D03740 ... Dextroamphetamine (USAN); Dexamfetamine (INN) ... D02078 ... Dextroamphetamine sulfate (USP) ... DG00970 ... Atomo

  5. Dgroup: DG02007 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02007 DGroup Antianxiety, carbamate derivatives ... D00376 ... Meprobamate (JAN/USP/I...NN) ... D07317 ... Emylcamate (INN) D01807 ... Mebutamate (JAN/USAN) Neuropsychiatric agent ... Antianxiety ...

  6. Dgroup: DG01771 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01771 Chemical ... DGroup Docusate ... D00305 ... Docusate sodium (USP); Sodium dioctyl ...sulfosuccinate (INN); Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (JAN) ... D03885 ... Docusate calcium (USP) D03886 ... Docusate

  7. Dgroup: DG01987 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01987 Chemical ... DGroup Eglumegad Eglumetad ... D08908 ... Eglumegad (INN) D03966 ... Eglumetad (USAN) ... Antianxie...ty, Smoking cessation ajunct GRM2 [HSA:2912] [KO:K04605] ...

  8. Dgroup: DG02590 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02590 Chemical ... DGroup Laropiprant ... D08940 ... Laropiprant (INN/USAN) ... Anti-atherosclerotic, Antidyslipide...mia, Prostaglandin D2 receptor antagonist Target: PTGDR [HSA:5729] [KO:K04332] ...

  9. A proposed community reaction-wall facility at the JRC Ispra

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jones, P M; Donea, J [Commission of the European Communities, Joint Research Centre - Ispra Establishment Applied Mechanics Division, Ispra (Italy)

    1988-07-01

    The paper describes a large-size structural laboratory based on a reaction-wall facility proposed for the JRC Ispra establishment. It is foreseen that this will be used for large and full-scale testing of a wide variety of structures and components in the fields of civil/structural, mechanical, and geotechnical engineering. After briefly reviewing the background market research done to establish the needs for a large central facility in the Community, the main advantages and limitations of reaction-wall testing in comparison with other experimental techniques are summarized. The main characteristics of the proposed facility are then given followed by the identified fields of research in which significant tests can be performed. Finally, the proposed method of implementing an integral programme of work within the European Community member states is presented. (author)

  10. A proposed community reaction-wall facility at the JRC Ispra

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jones, P.M.; Donea, J.

    1988-01-01

    The paper describes a large-size structural laboratory based on a reaction-wall facility proposed for the JRC Ispra establishment. It is foreseen that this will be used for large and full-scale testing of a wide variety of structures and components in the fields of civil/structural, mechanical, and geotechnical engineering. After briefly reviewing the background market research done to establish the needs for a large central facility in the Community, the main advantages and limitations of reaction-wall testing in comparison with other experimental techniques are summarized. The main characteristics of the proposed facility are then given followed by the identified fields of research in which significant tests can be performed. Finally, the proposed method of implementing an integral programme of work within the European Community member states is presented. (author)

  11. The JRC Nanomaterials Repository: A unique facility providing representative test materials for nanoEHS research.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Totaro, Sara; Cotogno, Giulio; Rasmussen, Kirsten; Pianella, Francesca; Roncaglia, Marco; Olsson, Heidi; Riego Sintes, Juan M; Crutzen, Hugues P

    2016-11-01

    The European Commission has established a Nanomaterials Repository that hosts industrially manufactured nanomaterials that are distributed world-wide for safety testing of nanomaterials. In a first instance these materials were tested in the OECD Testing Programme. They have then also been tested in several EU funded research projects. The JRC Repository of Nanomaterials has thus developed into serving the global scientific community active in the nanoEHS (regulatory) research. The unique Repository facility is a state-of-the-art installation that allows customised sub-sampling under the safest possible conditions, with traceable final sample vials distributed world-wide for research purposes. This paper describes the design of the Repository to perform a semi-automated subsampling procedure, offering high degree of flexibility and precision in the preparation of NM vials for customers, while guaranteeing the safety of the operators, and environmental protection. The JRC nanomaterials are representative for part of the world NMs market. Their wide use world-wide facilitates the generation of comparable and reliable experimental results and datasets in (regulatory) research by the scientific community, ultimately supporting the further development of the OECD regulatory test guidelines. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  12. Evaluation of JRC source term methodology using MAAP5 as a fast-running crisis tool for a BWR4 Mark I reactor

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vela-García, M.; Simola, K.

    2016-01-01

    JRC participated in the OECD/NEA FASTRUN benchmark reviewing fast-running software tools to model fission product releases during accidents at nuclear power plants. The main goal of fast-running software tools is to foresee the accident progression, so that mitigating actions can be taken and the population can be adequately protected. Within the FASTRUN, JRC used the MAAP 4.0.8 code and developed a methodology to obtain the source term (as activity released per radioisotope) of PWR and BWR station black-out accident scenarios. The modifications made in the MAAP models were limited to a minimum number of important parameters. This aims at reproducing a crisis situation with a limited time to adapt a generic input deck. This paper presents further studies, where JRC analysed the FASTRUN BWR scenario using MAAP 5.0.2 that has the capability of calculating doses. A sensitivity study was performed with the MAAP 5.0.2 DOSE package deactivated, using the same methodology as in the case of MAAP 4.0.8 for source term calculation. The results were close to the reference LTSBO SOARCA case, independently of the methodology used. One of the benefits of using the MAAP code is the short runtime of the simulations.

  13. Dgroup: DG02662 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02662 Chemical ... DGroup Apolizumab ... D02967 ... Apolizumab (USAN/INN) ... Antineoplastic, Anti-HLA-DR antibody... Monoclonal antibody HLA-DRB [HSA:3123 3125 3126 3127] [KO:K06752] ...

  14. Dgroup: DG02658 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02658 Chemical ... DGroup Cysteamine Mercaptamine ... D03634 ... Cysteamine (USAN); Merc...aptamine (INN) D03635 ... Cysteamine hydrochloride (USAN) ... D10468 ... Cysteamine bitartrate (JAN) ... Cystine concentration-lowering agent ...

  15. Dgroup: DG01967 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available de (INN) ... D00502 ... Pergolide mesylate (USP); Pergolide mesilate (JAN) ... D07836 ... Dihydroergocryptine mesilate DG00862 ... Ropini...role ... D08489 ... Ropinirole (USAN/INN) ... D00784 ... Ropinirole hydrochlo

  16. Chrysanthemum WRKY gene DgWRKY5 enhances tolerance to salt stress in transgenic chrysanthemum.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liang, Qian-Yu; Wu, Yin-Huan; Wang, Ke; Bai, Zhen-Yu; Liu, Qing-Lin; Pan, Yuan-Zhi; Zhang, Lei; Jiang, Bei-Bei

    2017-07-06

    WRKY transcription factors play important roles in plant growth development, resistance and substance metabolism regulation. However, the exact function of the response to salt stress in plants with specific WRKY transcription factors remains unclear. In this research, we isolated a new WRKY transcription factor DgWRKY5 from chrysanthemum. DgWRKY5 contains two WRKY domains of WKKYGQK and two C 2 H 2 zinc fingers. The expression of DgWRKY5 in chrysanthemum was up-regulated under various treatments. Meanwhile, we observed higher expression levels in the leaves contrasted with other tissues. Under salt stress, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes in transgenic chrysanthemum were significantly higher than those in WT, whereas the accumulation of H 2 O 2 , O 2 - and malondialdehyde (MDA) was reduced in transgenic chrysanthemum. Several parameters including root length, root length, fresh weight, chlorophyll content and leaf gas exchange parameters in transgenic chrysanthemum were much better compared with WT under salt stress. Moreover, the expression of stress-related genes DgAPX, DgCAT, DgNCED3A, DgNCED3B, DgCuZnSOD, DgP5CS, DgCSD1 and DgCSD2 was up-regulated in DgWRKY5 transgenic chrysanthemum compared with that in WT. These results suggested that DgWRKY5 could function as a positive regulator of salt stress in chrysanthemum.

  17. Roles of major organizations in EC for decision making. EC no ishi kettei ni okeru shuyo kikan no yakuwari

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kodama, M.

    1992-12-01

    This paper considers authorization powers held by the major organizations in the EC, with the Maastricht Treaty kept in mind. One of the objectives of establishing the EC is to harmonize and develop the economic activities in the community on the whole, and promote making closer the relations among the member nations. The EC's supernationality has two aspects: finances (using financial sources from externally common tariffs as the EC's independent financial resources) and legislations (member nations delegating their own powers to the international organization). Organizations involving in the EC legislations are the European Assembly, the board of ministers, and the EC Committee. The Assembly has deciding powers at high levels on the EC budget decision, as well as vetoing power on the budget. The board of ministers is provided with deciding powers to assure achievement of the objectives defined in the official requirements. The Committee has a supernational character that each committee member can act independently free from being subjected to orders from his or her native country. Practically, however, the authorization relationship among the organizations has confrontations over the interests of the organizations and member nations. There have been such movements in this situation as the Luxemburg compromises, actions at the agricultural ministers meeting, and preparation of the unified European protocol. 2 figs., 4 tabs.

  18. Dgroup: DG02651 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ody Monoclonal antibody IL2RA (CD25) [HSA:3559] [KO:K05068] ... ... DG02651 Chemical ... DGroup Daclizumab ... D03639 ... Daclizumab (USAN/INN) ... Immunosuppressant, Anti-CD25 antib

  19. Dgroup: DG00637 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00637 Chemical ... DGroup Micafungin ... D08218 ... Micafungin (INN) D02465 ... Micafungin ...sodium (JAN/USAN) ... D11010 ... Micafungin sodium hydrate (JAN) ... ATC code: J02AX05 Antibiotics ...

  20. Dgroup: DG01735 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available glinide (JP17/USAN/INN) ... D01854 ... Mitiglinide calcium hydrate (JP17) ... Antidiabetic agent Unclassified ... DG02044 ... Hypoglycemics ... Antidiabetics ABCC8 (SUR1) [HSA:6833] [KO:K05032] ...

  1. Dgroup: DG01703 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available AN) DG01610 ... Xanthine-type cardiotonics ... D07151 ... Cafedrine (BAN) ... D07155 ... Theodrenaline (INN) ... D07933 ... Etofy... ... Ciclafrine hydrochloride (USAN) ... D07150 ... Gepefrine (INN) ... D07151 ... Cafedrine (BA

  2. Dgroup: DG02469 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02469 Chemical ... DGroup Naftopidil ... D01674 ... Naftopidil (JP17/INN); Naftopidil tablet...s (JP17); Naftopidil orally disintegrating tablets (JP17) ... Antidysuria, alpha1-Adrenergic receptor a

  3. Dgroup: DG01846 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available tat sodium (USAN) ... Antidyslipidemia (hypertriglyceridemic), Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 inhibitor DGAT1 [HSA:8694] [KO:K11155] ... ... DG01846 Chemical ... DGroup Pradigastat ... D10664 ... Pradigastat (USAN) D10657 ... Pradigas

  4. Design and optimization analysis of dual material gate on DG-IMOS

    Science.gov (United States)

    Singh, Sarabdeep; Raman, Ashish; Kumar, Naveen

    2017-12-01

    An impact ionization MOSFET (IMOS) is evolved for overcoming the constraint of less than 60 mV/decade sub-threshold slope (SS) of conventional MOSFET at room temperature. In this work, first, the device performance of the p-type double gate impact ionization MOSFET (DG-IMOS) is optimized by adjusting the device design parameters. The adjusted parameters are ratio of gate and intrinsic length, gate dielectric thickness and gate work function. Secondly, the DMG (dual material gate) DG-IMOS is proposed and investigated. This DMG DG-IMOS is further optimized to obtain the best possible performance parameters. Simulation results reveal that DMG DG-IMOS when compared to DG-IMOS, shows better I ON, I ON/I OFF ratio, and RF parameters. Results show that by properly tuning the lengths of two materials at a ratio of 1.5 in DMG DG-IMOS, optimized performance is achieved including I ON/I OFF ratio of 2.87 × 109 A/μm with I ON as 11.87 × 10-4 A/μm and transconductance of 1.06 × 10-3 S/μm. It is analyzed that length of drain side material should be greater than the length of source side material to attain the higher transconductance in DMG DG-IMOS.

  5. Dgroup: DG01773 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01773 Chemical ... DGroup Berberine ... C00757 ... Berberine D01250 ... Berberine chloride ...hydrate (JP17) ... D03258 ... Berberine tannate (JP17) D03293 ... Berberine sulfate hydrate (JAN) ... Anti-allergic

  6. Dgroup: DG00760 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00760 Chemical ... DGroup Glucosamine ... D04334 ... Glucosamine (USAN/INN) D08022 ... Glucosa...mine hydrochloride D08023 ... Glucosamine sulfate ... ATC code: M01AX05 Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, Antirheumatics ...

  7. Dgroup: DG01675 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available aine ... D01152 ... Oxethazaine (JP17/USAN); Oxetacaine (INN) ... D08311 ... Oxetacaine hydrochloride ... DG00801 ... Bupivacaine ... D07552 ... Bupiva...caine (USAN/INN) ... D01450 ... Bupivacaine hydrochloride (USP); Bupivacaine hydrochl

  8. Dgroup: DG02388 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02388 Chemical ... DGroup Diazepam ... D00293 ... Diazepam (JP17/USP/INN) ... ATC code: ...N05BA01 Antianxiety, Minor tranquilizer, Sedative-hypnotic Benzodiazepine derivative GABRA/GABRB/GABRD/GABRE

  9. Dgroup: DG01872 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01872 Chemical ... DGroup Aluminum silicate ... D03236 ... Synthetic aluminum silicate ...(JP17); Aluminum silicate, synthetic (JAN) ... D03237 ... Natural aluminum silicate (JP17); Aluminum silicate, natural (JAN) ... Antacids ...

  10. Dgroup: DG01720 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available P17); Cyclophosphamide tablets (JP17) ... DG01514 ... Palifosfamide ... D09364 ... Palifosfamide (USAN/INN) ... D10373 ... P...yclophosphamide ... D07760 ... Cyclophosphamide (INN) ... D00287 ... Cyclophosphamide (USP); Cyclophosphamide hydrate (J

  11. Sensitivity analysis of smart grids reliability due to indirect cyber-power interdependencies under various DG technologies, DG penetrations, and operation times

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hashemi-Dezaki, Hamed; Agah, Seyed Mohammad Mousavi; Askarian-Abyaneh, Hossein; Haeri-Khiavi, Homayoun

    2016-01-01

    Highlights: • A novel risk assessment method considering the ICPIs is proposed. • The protection and monitoring system as the ICPIs applications are studied. • The uncertainty of results is analyzed in addition to expected average results. • ICPIs impacts due to DG penetrations under various DG technologies are analyzed. • The well-being criteria have been provided in addition to reliability indices. - Abstract: The cyber failures such as failures in protection and monitoring systems will not stop the operation or change the behavior of the power system instantly but will adversely affect the performance of the power system against the potential failure. Such indirect cyber-power interdependencies (ICPIs) may either intensify the probability of future failures or postpone the repercussion to the present failure of the power elements. The much less effort has been devoted in literature to investigate the ICPIs impacts, particularly in stochastic simulating space. In this paper, a novel stochastic-based reliability evaluation method which considers the ICPIs impacts under various uncertain parameters is proposed. The consideration of uncertainty regarding the renewable distributed generation (DG) units, consumption patterns, power and cyber elements, and ICPIs is one of the most important contributions of the proposed method. Further, a novel stochastic-based state upgrading is introduced to concern the ICPIs of protection and monitoring systems. By using the proposed state upgrading methodology, it is possible to evaluate the reliability of smart grid based on ICPIs by using conventional reliability evaluation methods. The proposed risk assessment methodology is applied to an actual distribution grid. The several sensitivity studies are performed to gain insight into how the penetration level of DG units under various DG technology scenarios can affect the ICPIs impacts on the risk level of smart grid. The test results show that regardless of the DG

  12. Dgroup: DG00135 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00135 Chemical ... DGroup Calcium gluconate ... D00935 ... Calcium gluconate (USP) ... D05463 ... Calcium... gluconate hydrate (JP17) ... ATC code: A12AA03 D11AX03 Calcium supplement ...

  13. Dgroup: DG02667 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02667 Chemical ... DGroup Teplizumab ... D09013 ... Teplizumab (USAN/INN) ... Antidiabetic, Anti-CD3 antibody... Monoclonal antibody CD3 [HSA:915 916 917] [KO:K06450 K06451 K06452] ...

  14. Dgroup: DG00694 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00694 Chemical ... DGroup Docetaxel ... D07866 ... Docetaxel (JAN/INN) ... D02165 ... Docetaxel (USAN); Doc...etaxel hydrate (JP17); Docetaxel injection (JP17); Docetaxel for injection (JP17) ... Cyp subs

  15. Dgroup: DG01196 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01196 Chemical ... DGroup Samarium (153Sm) lexidronam ... D08504 ... Samarium (153Sm) lexidron...am (INN) D05795 ... Samarium Sm 153 lexidronam pentasodium (USAN); Samarium (153Sm) lexidronam sodium (JA

  16. Dgroup: DG02000 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available AN/INN) DG01828 ... Deleobuvir ... D10554 ... Deleobuvir (USAN/INN) ... D10622 ... Deleobuvir sodium (JAN/USAN) D10477 ... Mericitabine (USAN/INN) Antiviral ... Treatment of hepatitis C NS5B polymerase ...

  17. Dgroup: DG02722 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available stic, TRAIL receptor 1 antibody Agonistic monoclonal antibody TNFRSF10A (TRAILR1, CD261) [HSA:8797] [KO:K04722] ... ... DG02722 Chemical ... DGroup Mapatumumab ... D04858 ... Mapatumumab (USAN/INN) ... Antineopla

  18. Dgroup: DG02668 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02668 Chemical ... DGroup Visilizumab ... D06314 ... Visilizumab (USAN/INN) ... Immunosuppressant, Anti-CD3 antibod...y Monoclonal antibody CD3 [HSA:915 916 917] [KO:K06450 K06451 K06452] ...

  19. Dgroup: DG01554 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01554 DGroup 5-Nitrofuran antiprotozoal nifur- ... D00830 ... Furazolidone (USP/INN) D... Nifuroxime (INN) D04714 ... Levofuraltadone (USAN/INN) D05165 ... Nifursemizone (USAN/INN) D05166 ... Nifursol (USAN) Antiparasitic ... Antiprotozoals ...

  20. Dgroup: DG01495 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available n (USAN/INN) ... D00626 ... Candesartan cilexetil (JP17/USAN) ... D00627 ... Telmisartan (JP17/USAN/INN); Telmisartan tablet...N); Olmesartan medoxomil tablets (JP17) ... DG00351 ... Azilsartan ... D08864 ... Azilsarta

  1. Dgroup: DG02018 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 03546 ... Clofarabine (JAN/USAN/INN) ... D05134 ... Nelarabine (JAN/USAN/INN); Nelzarabine (USAN) ... DG00686 ... C... ... D01651 ... Ancitabine hydrochloride (JAN) ... D04134 ... Fazarabine (USAN/INN) ... D04233 ... Flurocitabine (USAN/INN)

  2. Restoration of Low-Voltage Distribution Systems with Inverter-Interfaced DG Units

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Dietmannsberger, Markus; Wang, Xiongfei; Blaabjerg, Frede

    2018-01-01

    -area voltage collapse. This paper proposes a restoration strategy from zero voltage conditions for inverter-interfaced DG under islanded conditions. In the approach, a flexible and scalable Master DG inverter concept is introduced for distributed generations, where no communication is needed and an outage......The increasing share of distributed generation (DG) offers new chances in grid restoration of low-voltage distribution grids. Instead of relying on the transmission or high- and medium-voltage levels, establishing islanding operation in low-voltage grids might be a good option after a wide...... of the Master can be balanced by other DG inverters. The control strategy ensures the tracking of nominal values of the system voltage and frequency without zero steady-state error. The influences of non-controllable DG are also taken into account in the strategy with an effective countermeasure developed...

  3. The new STRESA tool for preservation of thermalhydraulic experimental data produced in the European Commission

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pla, Patricia; Pascal, Ghislain; Tanarro, Jorge; Annunziato, Alessandro

    2015-01-01

    Highlights: • ITFs and severe accident data is of high importance to validate thermal hydraulic codes for NPPs. • LOBI, FARO, KROTOS and STORM produced a lot of TH and SA experimental data. • The JRC facilities data was stored in the JRC STRESA database developed by JRC. • The paper presents the new JRC STRESA database developed by JRC in 2014–2015. • The long-term importance of well maintained ITF databases (like STRESA) is demonstrated. - Abstract: The experimental data recorded in Integral Effect Test Facilities (ITFs) are traditionally used in order to validate best estimate (BE) system codes and to investigate the behaviour of nuclear power plants (NPPs) under accident scenarios. In the same way, facilities dedicated to specific thermal-hydraulic (TH) severe accident (SA) phenomena are used for the development and improvement of specific analytical models and codes used in the SA analysis for light water reactors (LWR). The extent to which the existing reactor safety experimental databases are preserved was well known and frequently debated and questioned in the nuclear community. The Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission (EC) has been deeply involved in several projects for experimental data production and experimental data preservation. In this context the STRESA (Storage of Thermal REactor Safety Analysis Data) web-based informatics platform was developed by JRC-Ispra in the year 2000. At present the JRC STRESA database is hosted and maintained by JRC-Petten. The Nuclear Reactor Safety Assessment Unit (NRSA) of the JRC-Petten is engaged in the administration of a new STRESA tool that secures EU storage for SA experimental data and calculations. The development of this new STRESA tool was completed by early 2015 and published on the 25/06/2015 in the URL: (http://stresa.jrc.ec.europa.eu/). The target was to keep the main features of the original STRESA structure but using the new informatics technologies that are nowadays

  4. Dgroup: DG01794 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available rtugliflozin (USAN/INN) D10669 ... Sotagliflozin (USAN/INN) Antidiabetic agent Uncla...ssified ... DG02044 ... Hypoglycemics ATC code: A10BK Antidiabetics SLC5A2 (SGLT2) [HSA:6524] [KO:K14382] ...

  5. Dgroup: DG01612 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ne ... D07944 ... Fenetylline (INN) ... D04147 ... Fenethylline hydrochloride (USAN) DG00974 ... Caffeine ... D00528 ... Caffeine... (USP); Anhydrous caffeine (JP17) ... D01453 ... Caffeine hydrate (JP17) ... D07603 ... Caffeine citrate (USP) ...

  6. Dgroup: DG01958 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available USP) ... D03546 ... Clofarabine (JAN/USAN/INN) ... D05134 ... Nelarabine (JAN/USAN/INN); Nelzarabine (USAN) ... DG...Enocitabine (JAN/INN) ... D01651 ... Ancitabine hydrochloride (JAN) ... D04134 ... Fazarabine (USAN/INN) ... D04233 ... Flu

  7. Stability Analysis for Operation of DG Units in Smart Grids

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Pouresmaeil, Edris; Shaker, Hamid Reza; Mehrasa, Majid

    2015-01-01

    This paper presents a multifunction control strategy for the stable operation of Distributed Generation (DG) units during grid integration. The proposed control model is based on Direct Lyapunov Control (DLC) theory and provides a stable region for the appropriate operation of DG units during grid....... Application of this concept can guarantee to reduce the stress on the grid during the energy demand peak. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the proficiency and performance of the proposed DLC technique in DG technology....

  8. Dgroup: DG01147 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01147 Chemical ... DGroup Rose bengal sodium ... D05762 ... Rose bengal sodium I 125 (US...AN) D05763 ... Rose bengal sodium I 131 (USP) ... ATC code: S01JA02 Ophthalmic diagnostic agents ...

  9. Dgroup: DG01186 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01186 Chemical ... DGroup Gadobenic acid ... D08018 ... Gadobenic acid (INN) D04283 ... Gadobe...nate dimeglumine (USAN); Meglumine gadobenate (JAN) ... ATC code: V08CA08 Non-ionic Contrast medium for NMR-tomography ...

  10. Dgroup: DG01439 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ine (JAN/USAN/INN) ... D05134 ... Nelarabine (JAN/USAN/INN); Nelzarabine (USAN) ... DG00686 ... Cytarabine ... D00168 ... ...tabine hydrochloride (JAN) D04134 ... Fazarabine (USAN/INN) D04233 ... Flurocitabine (USAN/INN) D06100 ... Tezacitabi

  11. Dgroup: DG01182 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01182 Chemical ... DGroup Gadopentetic acid ... D08006 ... Gadopentetic acid (INN) D01707 ... Gadopen...tetate dimeglumine (JAN/USP) ... D09795 ... Meglumine gadopentetate (JAN) ... ATC code: V08CA01 Contrast medium for NMR-tomography ...

  12. Dgroup: DG01750 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available tical recombination) (JAN) D02745 ... Interferon alfa-2b (USAN); Interferon alfa-2b (genetica... DG01750 Chemical ... DGroup Interferon alpha ... D00745 ... Interferon alfa-2a (USAN/INN); Interferon alfa-2a (gene

  13. Dgroup: DG01132 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ucoma agents; Agents for Alzheimer-type dementia ACHE [HSA:43] [KO:K01049] ... ...esterase inhibitor ... DG01593 ... Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor ATC code: S01EB05 V03AB19 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, Antigla

  14. Dgroup: DG01430 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01430 Chemical ... DGroup Paclitaxel ... D00491 ... Paclitaxel (JAN/USP/INN) ... D05333 ... Paclitax...el poliglumex (USAN/INN) ... Antineoplastics, taxane TUBB [HSA:10381 10382 10383 203068 347688 347733 7280 81027 84617] [KO:K07375] ...

  15. Research Needs and Challenges from Science to Decision Support. Lesson Learnt from the Development of the International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Recommendations for Life Cycle Impact Assessment

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Sala, Serenella; Pant, Rana; Hauschild, Michael Zwicky

    2012-01-01

    Environmental implications of the whole supply-chain of products, both goods and services, their use, and waste management, i.e., their entire life cycle from "cradle to grave" have to be considered to achieve more sustainable production and consumption patterns. Progress toward environmental...... sustainability requires enhancing the methodologies for quantitative, integrated environmental assessment and promoting the use of these methodologies in different domains. In the context of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of products, in recent years, several methodologies have been developed for Life Cycle Impact...... Assessment (LCIA). The Joint Research Center of the European Commission (EC-JRC) led a "science to decision support" process which resulted in the International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook, providing guidelines to the decision and application of methods for LCIA. The Handbook...

  16. Dgroup: DG00850 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available rochloride (USP) ... Neuropsychiatric agent ... DG02037 ... GABA mimetic antiepileptics ATC code: N03AG06 Fatty acid derivative anticonvulsa...nts, Fatty acid derivative antiepileptics SLC6A1 (GAT1) [HSA:6529] [KO:K05034] ...

  17. Dgroup: DG01466 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available granules (JP17); Ifenprodil tartrate tablets (JP17) ... DG00320 ... Labetalol ... D08106 ... Labetalol (INN) ... D... ... D00561 ... Sertindole (USAN/INN) ... D01674 ... Naftopidil (JP17/INN); Naftopidil tablets (JP17); Naftopidil orally disintegrating tablet

  18. Dgroup: DG01592 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available e (INN) ... D00633 ... Dopamine hydrochloride (JP17/USP) ... DG00801 ... Bupivacaine ... D07552 ... Bupivacaine (USAN/INN) ... D01450 ... Bupivacaine... hydrochloride (USP); Bupivacaine hydrochloride hydrate (JP17) ... D00059 ... Levodopa (JP17/USP/INN) ... Cardiovascular agent ...

  19. Dgroup: DG01190 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01190 Chemical ... DGroup Technetium (99mTc) medronic acid ... D02029 ... Technetium Tc 99m medron...ate (USP) ... D06038 ... Technetium Tc 99m medronate disodium (USP) ... ATC code: V09BA02 Radioactive dia

  20. Dgroup: DG00054 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00054 Chemical ... DGroup Belladonna total alkaloid ... D03069 ... Belladonna (USP); Belladon...na extract (JP17) D03223 ... Belladonna leaf (USP) D03224 ... Belladonna root (JP17) ... ATC code: A03BA04 Paralysis of parasympathetic ...

  1. DG TOMO: A new method for tomographic reconstruction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Freitas, D. de; Feschet, F.; Cachin, F.; Geissler, B.; Bapt, A.; Karidioula, I.; Martin, C.; Kelly, A.; Mestas, D.; Gerard, Y.; Reveilles, J.P.; Maublant, J.

    2006-01-01

    Aim: FBP and OSEM are the most popular tomographic reconstruction methods in scintigraphy. FBP is a simple method but artifacts of reconstruction are generated which corrections induce degradation of the spatial resolution. OSEM takes account of statistical fluctuations but noise strongly increases after a certain number of iterations. We compare a new method of tomographic reconstruction based on discrete geometry (DG TOMO) to FBP and OSEM. Materials and methods: Acquisitions were performed on a three-head gamma-camera (Philips) with a NEMA Phantom containing six spheres of sizes from 10 to 37 mm inner diameter, filled with around 325 MBq/l of technetium-99 m. The spheres were positioned in water containing 3 MBq/l of technetium-99 m. Acquisitions were realized during a 180 o -rotation around the phantom by 25-s steps. DG TOMO has been developed in our laboratory in order to minimize the number of projections at acquisition. Two tomographic reconstructions utilizing 32 and 16 projections with FBP, OSEM and DG TOMO were performed and transverse slices were compared. Results: FBP with 32 projections detects only the activity in the three largest spheres (diameter ≥22 mm). With 16 projections, the star effect is predominant and the contrast of the third sphere is very low. OSEM with 32 projections provides a better image but the three smallest spheres (diameter ≤17 mm) are difficult to distinguish. With 16 projections, the three smaller spheres are not detectable. The results of DG TOMO are similar to OSEM. Conclusion: Since the parameters of DG TOMO can be further optimized, this method appears as a promising alternative for tomoscintigraphy reconstruction

  2. Dgroup: DG02549 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02549 Chemical ... DGroup Rotigotine ... D05768 ... Rotigotine (JAN/USAN/INN) ... ATC code: N04BC09 Antiparkinson...ian, Dopamine D2 receptor agonist DRD2 [HSA:1813] [KO:K04145] Enzyme: SULT1A1 [HSA:

  3. Dgroup: DG00137 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00137 Chemical ... DGroup Calcium chloride ... C08130 ... Calcium chloride anhydrous D02256 ... Calcium... chloride (USP); Calcium chloride hydrate (JP17) ... ATC code: A12AA07 B05XA07 G04BA03 Calcium supplement ...

  4. Dgroup: DG00997 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ctive disorder ... DG01716 ... Drugs for alcohol dependence ATC code: N07BB04 Alcoholic agent OPRM1 [HSA:4988] [KO:K04215] OPRK1 [HSA:4986] [KO:K04214] OPRD1 [HSA:4985] [KO:K04213] ...

  5. Contribution of the JRC Ispra to the intercomparison of analysis methods for seismically isolated nuclear structures

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Magonette, G.; Renda, V.

    2002-01-01

    Aim of the work done at JRC has been essentially to investigate the potentiality of the Pseudo-Dynamic (PsD) method to test structures incorporating anti-seismic protection devices based on materials with a strain-rate dependent behaviour. This is of relevant importance due to the interest to perform tests on large-scale mock-ups to assess the behaviour of realistic structure of civil engineering interest. Two specific typologies of protection have been analysed and tested at the European Laboratory for Structural Assessment (ELSA) of JRC Ispra. The first dealing with base isolation and the second with energy dissipation devices. In both cases the protection devices were based on high damping rubber material which is characterised by a moderate dependence from the strain rate of the application of the displacements. To validate a standard procedure to test base isolated structures by the PsD method, a collaboration was set up with the Italian Working Group on Seismic Isolation which includes the national research centre ENEA, the national electricity board ENEL, the industrial research centre ISMES and a manufacturer of isolators ALGA. In the framework of this collaboration it was decided to test at the ELSA laboratory a scaled 5-storey frame structure (provided by ENEL), isolated by means of high damping rubber bearings (HDRBs), which had been tested on the shaking table of ISMES. This experimental activity aimed to compare the results which can be obtained by means of the PsD testing technique with those which can be obtained by means of a truly-dynamic test on a shaking table. To validate a standard procedure to test structures incorporating energy dissipation devices, an international collaboration has been set up with Industries, Research Centres and Universities in the framework of a project partially funded by the European Commission through the General Directorate for Science and Technology. The obtained results show once more that the PsD method, when

  6. Dgroup: DG02550 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02550 Chemical ... DGroup Entacapone ... D00781 ... Entacapone (JAN/USAN/INN) ... ATC code: N04BX02 Antiparkinson...ian, Antidyskinetic, COMT inhibitor Nitrocactechols COMT [HSA:1312] [KO:K00545] ... CYP inhibition: COMT [HSA:1312], CYP2C9 [HSA:1559

  7. Dgroup: DG02639 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02639 Chemical ... DGroup Erlizumab ... D04045 ... Erlizumab (USAN/INN) ... Immunosuppressant, Anti-CD18 antibody... Monoclonal antibody Immunosuppressant, Anti-CD18 antibody LTBR (TNFRSF3, CD18) [HSA:4055] [KO:K03159] ITGAL (CD11A) [HSA:3683] [KO:K05718] ...

  8. Optimal allocation and adaptive VAR control of PV-DG in distribution networks

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fu, Xueqian; Chen, Haoyong; Cai, Runqing; Yang, Ping

    2015-01-01

    Highlights: • A methodology for optimal PV-DG allocation based on a combination of algorithms. • Dealing with the randomicity of solar power energy using CCSP. • Presenting a VAR control strategy to balance the technical demands. • Finding the Pareto solutions using MOPSO and SVM. • Evaluating the Pareto solutions using WRSR. - Abstract: The development of distributed generation (DG) has brought new challenges to power networks. One of them that catches extensive attention is the voltage regulation problem of distribution networks caused by DG. Optimal allocation of DG in distribution networks is another well-known problem being widely investigated. This paper proposes a new method for the optimal allocation of photovoltaic distributed generation (PV-DG) considering the non-dispatchable characteristics of PV units. An adaptive reactive power control model is introduced in PV-DG allocation as to balance the trade-off between the improvement of voltage quality and the minimization of power loss in a distribution network integrated with PV-DG units. The optimal allocation problem is formulated as a chance-constrained stochastic programming (CCSP) model for dealing with the randomness of solar power energy. A novel algorithm combining the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) with support vector machines (SVM) is proposed to find the Pareto front consisting of a set of possible solutions. The Pareto solutions are further evaluated using the weighted rank sum ratio (WRSR) method to help the decision-maker obtain the desired solution. Simulation results on a 33-bus radial distribution system show that the optimal allocation method can fully take into account the time-variant characteristics and probability distribution of PV-DG, and obtain the best allocation scheme

  9. Dgroup: DG00119 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available in hydrate (JAN/USAN) ... D10262 ... Saxagliptin hydrochloride ... Antidiabetic agent ... DG01601 ... DPP-4 inhibitor T...4 inhibitor ATC code: A10BH03 Antidiabetic, Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor DPP4 [HSA:1803] [KO:K01278] Transporter: ABCB1 [HSA:5243] ...

  10. Dgroup: DG00129 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00129 Chemical ... DGroup Tocopherol (vit E) ... D02332 ... Tocopherol (JP17) D01406 ... Toco...pherol calcium succinate (JP17) D01530 ... Tocopherol nicotinate (JP17) ... D01735 ... Tocopherol acetate (JP17) ... D08612 ... Tocopherol succinate ... ATC code: A11HA03 Vitamin E ...

  11. A computational model of pattern separation efficiency in the dentate gyrus with implications in schizophrenia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Faghihi, Faramarz; Moustafa, Ahmed A.

    2015-01-01

    Information processing in the hippocampus begins by transferring spiking activity of the entorhinal cortex (EC) into the dentate gyrus (DG). Activity pattern in the EC is separated by the DG such that it plays an important role in hippocampal functions including memory. The structural and physiological parameters of these neural networks enable the hippocampus to be efficient in encoding a large number of inputs that animals receive and process in their life time. The neural encoding capacity of the DG depends on its single neurons encoding and pattern separation efficiency. In this study, encoding by the DG is modeled such that single neurons and pattern separation efficiency are measured using simulations of different parameter values. For this purpose, a probabilistic model of single neurons efficiency is presented to study the role of structural and physiological parameters. Known neurons number of the EC and the DG is used to construct a neural network by electrophysiological features of granule cells of the DG. Separated inputs as activated neurons in the EC with different firing probabilities are presented into the DG. For different connectivity rates between the EC and DG, pattern separation efficiency of the DG is measured. The results show that in the absence of feedback inhibition on the DG neurons, the DG demonstrates low separation efficiency and high firing frequency. Feedback inhibition can increase separation efficiency while resulting in very low single neuron’s encoding efficiency in the DG and very low firing frequency of neurons in the DG (sparse spiking). This work presents a mechanistic explanation for experimental observations in the hippocampus, in combination with theoretical measures. Moreover, the model predicts a critical role for impaired inhibitory neurons in schizophrenia where deficiency in pattern separation of the DG has been observed. PMID:25859189

  12. A Computational Model of Pattern Separation Efficiency in the Dentate Gyrus with Implications in Schizophrenia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Faramarz eFaghihi

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Information processing in the hippocampus begins by transferring spiking activity of the Entorhinal Cortex (EC into the Dentate Gyrus (DG. Activity pattern in the EC is separated by the DG such that it plays an important role in hippocampal functions including memory. The structural and physiological parameters of these neural networks enable the hippocampus to be efficient in encoding a large number of inputs that animals receive and process in their life time. The neural encoding capacity of the DG depends on its single neurons encoding and pattern separation efficiency. In this study, encoding by the DG is modelled such that single neurons and pattern separation efficiency are measured using simulations of different parameter values. For this purpose, a probabilistic model of single neurons efficiency is presented to study the role of structural and physiological parameters. Known neurons number of the EC and the DG is used to construct a neural network by electrophysiological features of neuron in the DG. Separated inputs as activated neurons in the EC with different firing probabilities are presented into the DG. For different connectivity rates between the EC and DG, pattern separation efficiency of the DG is measured. The results show that in the absence of feedback inhibition on the DG neurons, the DG demonstrates low separation efficiency and high firing frequency. Feedback inhibition can increase separation efficiency while resulting in very low single neuron’s encoding efficiency in the DG and very low firing frequency of neurons in the DG (sparse spiking. This work presents a mechanistic explanation for experimental observations in the hippocampus, in combination with theoretical measures. Moreover, the model predicts a critical role for impaired inhibitory neurons in schizophrenia where deficiency in pattern separation of the DG has been observed.

  13. Comparative Analysis of the Dark Ground Buffy Coat Technique (DG ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    The prevalence of typanosome infection in 65 cattle reared under expensive system of management was determined using the dark ground buffy coat (DG) technique and the enzyme-linkedimmunisorbent assay (ELISA). The DG technique showed that there were 18 positive cases (27.69%) of total number of animals, made ...

  14. Euratom research and training in generation IV systems with emphasis on V/HTR

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Goethem, G. van; Manolatos, P.; Fuetterer, M.

    2006-01-01

    In this overview paper, the following questions are addressed: (1) What are the challenges facing the European Union nuclear fission research community in the short (today), medium (2010) and long term (2040)? (2) What kind of research and technological development (RTD) does Euratom offer to respond to these challenges, in particular in the area of reactor systems and fuel cycles? In the general debate about energy supply technologies there are challenges of both a scientific and technological (S/T) as well as an economic and political (E/P) nature. Though the Community research programme acts mainly on the former, there is nevertheless important links with Community policy. These not only exist in the specific area of nuclear policy. It is shown in the particular area of nuclear fission, to what extent Euratom research, education and innovation ('Knowledge Triangle: Education, Research, and Innovation') respond to the S/T challenges: (1) sustainability, (2) economics, (3) safety, and (4) proliferation resistance. At the European Commission (EC), the research related to nuclear reactor systems and fuel cycles is principally under the responsibility of the 2 Directorates Generals (DG) DG Research (RTD, located in Brussels), which implements and manages the programme of 'indirect actions', and the DG Joint Research Centre (JRC, headquarters in Brussels and 7 scientific institutes in 5 Member States) which carries out 'direct actions' in their own laboratories. In this HTR-2006 introductory paper, the emphasis is on the indirect and direct actions of the 6 th Euratom research framework programme 2003-2006, FP-6, with special emphasis on V/HTR Generation IV research. (orig.)

  15. Dgroup: DG00118 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available gliptin phosphate (USAN); Sitagliptin phosphate hydrate (JAN) ... Antidiabetic agent ... DG01601 ... DPP-4 inhibito...PP-4 inhibitor ATC code: A10BH01 DPP4 inhibitor, antidiabetics DPP4 [HSA:1803] [KO:K01278] Transporter: ABCB1 [HSA:5243], SLC22A8 [HSA:9376] ...

  16. A New DG Multiobjective Optimization Method Based on an Improved Evolutionary Algorithm

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wanxing Sheng

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available A distribution generation (DG multiobjective optimization method based on an improved Pareto evolutionary algorithm is investigated in this paper. The improved Pareto evolutionary algorithm, which introduces a penalty factor in the objective function constraints, uses an adaptive crossover and a mutation operator in the evolutionary process and combines a simulated annealing iterative process. The proposed algorithm is utilized to the optimize DG injection models to maximize DG utilization while minimizing system loss and environmental pollution. A revised IEEE 33-bus system with multiple DG units was used to test the multiobjective optimization algorithm in a distribution power system. The proposed algorithm was implemented and compared with the strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm 2 (SPEA2, a particle swarm optimization (PSO algorithm, and nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NGSA-II. The comparison of the results demonstrates the validity and practicality of utilizing DG units in terms of economic dispatch and optimal operation in a distribution power system.

  17. Dgroup: DG00245 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00245 Chemical ... DGroup Ibuprofen ... D00126 ... Ibuprofen (JP17/USP/INN) ... D01122 ... Ibuprofen... piconol (JP17/USAN) ... D04490 ... Ibuprofen aluminum (USAN) D06606 ... Ibuprofen lysine (USAN); Ibuprofen... L-lysine (JAN) ... D08058 ... Ibuprofen arginine salt D08059 ... Ibuprofen sodium D09760 ... Ibuprofen sodium (USAN)

  18. Dgroup: DG02597 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG02597 Chemical ... DGroup Brexpiprazole ... D10309 ... Brexpiprazole (JAN/USAN/INN) ... ATC code: N05AX16 Antipsy...chotic DRD2 [HSA:1813] [KO:K04145] HTR1A [HSA:3350] [KO:K04153] HTR2A [HSA:3356] [KO:K04157] HTR7 [HSA:3363] [KO:K04163] ...

  19. Evaluation of modified dichloran 18% glycerol (DG18) agar for enumerating fungi in wheat flour: a collaborative study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Beuchat, L R; Hwang, C A

    1996-04-01

    Dichloran 18% glycerol agar base supplemented with 100 micrograms of chloramphenicol ml-1 (DG18 agar) was compared to DG18 agar supplemented with 100 micrograms of Triton X-301 ml-1 (DG18T) and DG18 agar supplemented with 1 microgram of iprodione [3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-N-(1-methyl-ethyl)-2,4-dioxo-1-imidazolidine- carboxamide] ml-1 (DG18I agar) for enumeration of fungi in ten brands of wheat flour. As the flours contained low fungal populations, all were inoculated with two to four strains of xerophilic fungi (Aspergillus candidus, A. penicillioides, Eurotium amstelodami, E. intermedium, E. repens, E. rubrum, E. tonophilum, E. umbrosum and Wallemia sebi), after which counts ranged from 3.87 to 6.37 log10 CFU g-1. Significantly higher populations (p repens or E. tonophilum had also been inoculated into at least one of the three flours showing significantly higher numbers of CFU on DG18T agar. Analysis of collapsed data from all samples showed that DG18T agar was significantly better than DG18 or DG18I agars at p < 0.10 but not at p < 0.05. Coefficients of variation for reproducibility (among-laboratory variation) were 8.4%, 7.5% and 8.6%, respectively, for DG18, DG18T and DG18I agars. DG18I agar restricted colony development most, especially for Eurotium species. Naturally occurring Penicillium species grew equally well on DG18 and DG18T agars, whereas W. sebi grew well on all three media. DG18T agar was judged to be superior to DG18 and DG18I agars for enumerating fungi in wheat flours.

  20. Susceptibility of the Tomato Mutant High Pigment-2dg (hp-2dg) to Orobanche spp. Infection

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Lopez Raez, J.A.; Charnikhova, T.; Mulder, P.P.J.; Kohlen, W.; Bino, R.J.; Levin, I.; Bouwmeester, H.J.

    2008-01-01

    The consumption of natural products with potential health benefits has been continuously growing, and enhanced pigmentation is of major economic importance in fruits and vegetables. The tomato hp-2dg is an important mutant line that has been introgressed into commercial tomato cultivars marketed as

  1. Dgroup: DG00410 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00410 Chemical ... DGroup Methylprednisolone ... D00407 ... Methylprednisolone (JP17/USP.../INN) ... D00751 ... Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (JAN/USP) ... D00979 ... Methylprednisolone acetate (JAN/US...P) ... D05000 ... Methylprednisolone hemisuccinate (USP); Methylprednisolone succinate (JP17) D05001 ... Methylprednisolo...ne sodium phosphate (USAN) D05002 ... Methylprednisolone suleptanate (USAN/INN) D07203 ... Methylprednisol

  2. Role of the ADS from the perspective of the International Thorium Energy Committee iThEC

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kadi, Y.

    2015-01-01

    The international Thorium Energy Committee (iThEC) in Geneva has been established to investigate the ADS (accelerator-driven subcritical reactor) fuelled by thorium. The committee, formed by prominent members of the scientific community of CERN also comprises business leaders and members acquainted with public relations in an effort aimed at broadening the appeal of the ADS concept. The use of thorium in a subcritical fast reactor configuration driven by an accelerator and cooled by natural convection of liquid metal offers significant advantages in terms of resource abundance, security, non-proliferation and drastic reduction of existing and future waste. Switzerland has unique strengths in a number of areas directly related to the basic elements of an ADS system for the destruction of nuclear waste. First, the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) in Villigen has developed a cyclotron with a proton beam whose characteristics and power have the capacity to drive a nuclear waste incinerator. Secondly, the presence of CERN in Switzerland is also an important asset because it is at CERN that the founding experiments of an ADS were performed. iThEC proposes that Switzerland undertakes, along with other interested parties, a programme on the elimination of nuclear waste through the thorium-ADS concept

  3. Regulatory competences of the EC in the energy sector; Regelungszustaendigkeiten der EG im Bereich Energie

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Baur, J.F.; Blask, H. [Koeln Univ. (Germany). Inst. fuer das Recht der Europaeischen Gemeinschaften und Inst. fuer Energierecht

    2002-09-01

    In the light of necessary amendments of the Internal Electricity Market Directive and the Internal Gas Market Directive, a debate has evolved within the European Community about lawmaking powers for the energy sector. Whereas the Member States refer to the EC Treaty and deny any lawmaking powers of the EC for the energy sector, the EC defends its position that the EC should have and can derive lawmaking competence for energy policy decisions from the EC Treaty. The author reviews the situation from the legal point of view based on existing provisions and gives an outlook on a possible outcome of the ''constitutional convention'' of the EC which is to meet for discussing a revision of the EC Treaty. (orig./CB) [German] In Bezug auf die geplanten Aenderungen der Binnenmarktrichtlinien fuer Elektrizitaet und Gas werden moegliche Kompetenzen der EG im Bereich der Energiepolitik und ihre Grenzen eroertert. In einer Schlussbetrachtung werden die Ergebnisse zusammengefasst und ein kurzer Ausblick auf die Arbeit des 'Verfassungskonvents' der EU und die anstehende Vertragsrevision geworfen, in deren Rahmen die Implikation einer eigenstaendigen Spezialkompetenz im Bereich Energie erneut thematisiert werden koennte. (orig./CB)

  4. IRMM-1000a and IRMM-1000b. Uranium reference materials certified for the production date based on the 230Th/234U radiochronometer. Part II. Certification

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Venchiarutti, C.; Richter, S.; Jakopic, R.; Aregbe, Y.; Varga, Z.; Nicholl, A.; Krajko, J.; Mayer, K.

    2016-01-01

    The IRMM-1000a and IRMM-1000b uranium reference materials, of 20 and 50 mg uranium, respectively, were produced by the European Commission Joint Research Centre's Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (EC-JRC-IRMM) in collaboration with the Institute for Transuranium Elements (EC-JRC-ITU). They are novel uranium reference materials certified for the production date based on the 230 Th/ 234 U radiochronometer, i.e. the date of the last chemical separation of these two radionuclides. The certified reference value and its uncertainty, homogeneity and stability of the material were established in accordance with the ISO Guide 34:2009 and the 'Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement'. (author)

  5. Dgroup: DG01457 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available fine granules (JP17); Ifenprodil tartrate tablets (JP17) ... DG00320 ... Labetalol ... D08106 ... Labetalol (INN) ... D0...zide (JP17/USP/INN) ... D00561 ... Sertindole (USAN/INN) D01674 ... Naftopidil (JP17/INN); Naftopidil tablets (JP17...); Naftopidil orally disintegrating tablets (JP17) ... D01965 ... Silodosin (JP17/INN) ... D02995 ... Asenapine male

  6. HySafe research priorities workshop report Summary of the workshop organized in cooperation with US DOE and supported by EC JRC in Washington DC November 10-11 2014.

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jay Keller; Laura Hill; Kristian Kiuru; Groth, Katrina M.; Hecht, Ethan; Will James

    2016-03-01

    Tools (15%) 3. Indoor (13%) 4. Unintended Release-Liquid (11%) 5. Unintended Release-Gas (8%) 6. Storage (8%) 7. Integration Platforms (7%) 8. Hydrogen Safety Training (7%) 9. Materials Compatibility/Sensors (7%) 10. Applications (2%) The workshop participants ranked the need for Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA) tools as the top priority by a large margin. QRA tools enable an informed expert to quantify the risk asso- ciated with a particular hydrogen system in a particular scenario. With appropriate verification and validation such tools will enable: * system designers to achieve a desired level of risk with suitable risk mitigation strategies, * permitting officials to determine if a particular system installation meets the desired risk level (performance based Regulations, Codes, and Standards (RCS) rather than prescrip- tive RCS), and * allow code developers to develop code language based on rigorous and validated physical models, statistics and standardized QRA methodologies. Another important research topic identified is the development of validated reduced physical models for use in the QRA tools. Improvement of the understanding and modeling of specific release phenomena, in particular liquid releases, are also highly ranked research topics. Acknowledgement The International Association HySafe, represented here by the authors, would like to thank all participants of the workshop for their valuable contributions. Particularly appreciated is the active participation of the industry representatives and the steady support by the European Com- mission's Joint Research Centre (JRC). Deep gratitude is owed for the great support by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy's Fuel Cell Technologies Office (EERE/FCTO) for the organization of the 2014 version of the hydrogen safety research priorities workshop. This page intentionally left blank.

  7. Accelerator-Driven Systems - the iThEC strategy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Revol, Jean-Pierre

    2015-01-01

    The International Thorium Energy Committee (iThEC) created in Geneva in 2012 is concerned about the energetic future of our society, which is totally organized on the basis of a fossil fuel economy. This has to change because of obvious geopolitical reasons, because of the impact this economy has on the environment, and because of the rather short time on the human time scale, it will take for fossil fuels to run out. One of the main goals of iThEC is to work on reversing the current negative perception of nuclear energy in Europe, which is the main hurdle to a more serious R and D effort in this field. iThEC provides better information to the public on thorium possibilities, supports thorium ADS technology developments, any R and D regarding thorium, and actively engages the scientific, political and business leadership on the subject

  8. Knowledge Preservation and Consolidation through an Innovative Multimedia Tool

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Corniani, E.

    2013-01-01

    The JRC (Joint Research Centre) is the European Commission’s in-house science service. It provides the science for policy decisions, with a view to ensuring that the EU achieves its Europe 2020 goals for a productive economy as well as a safe, secure and sustainable future. The JRC plays a key role in the European Research Area and reinforces its multi-disciplinarity by networking extensively with leading scientific organisations in the Member States, Associated Countries and worldwide. The presentation is about • JRC methodology in Knowledge Preservation; • A Multimedia tool developed for preserving knowledge on WWER reactors; • EC involvement on Fast Reactors

  9. EC-fans and fan control systems; EC-ventilatoren en ventilatorregelsystemen

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Havenaar, D.

    2011-07-15

    Saving of energy can be achieved by the design and application of energy efficient components such as EC-fans (EC stands for Electronically Commutated technology), which are used in different types of cooling-refrigeration and air conditioning systems. In this article attention is paid to two products of Ziehl-Abigg: the Icontrol and the Fcontrol frequency converters. [Dutch] Het beperken van het energiegebruik en het verminderen van de uitstoot van het broeikasgas CO2 is voor de sector een belangrijke opgave. Door het ontwerpen en toepassen van energie-efficiente componenten zoals EC-ventilatoren (EC staat voor Electronically Commutated technologie) in allerlei koel-, vries- en luchtbehandelingsinstallaties kan veel bespaard worden in het energiegebruik. In dit artikel wordt aandacht besteed aan 2 producten van Ziehl-Abigg: de Icontrol en de Fcontrol frequentie omvormers.

  10. Overexpression of DgWRKY4 Enhances Salt Tolerance in Chrysanthemum Seedlings

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ke Wang

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available High salinity seriously affects the production of chrysanthemum, so improving the salt tolerance of chrysanthemum becomes the focus and purpose of our research. The WRKY transcription factor (TF family is highly associated with a number of processes of abiotic stress responses. We isolated DgWRKY4 from Dendranthema grandiflorum, and a protein encoded by this new gene contains two highly conserved WRKY domains and two C2H2 zinc-finger motifs. Then, we functionally characterized that DgWRKY4 was induced by salt, and DgWRKY4 overexpression in chrysanthemum resulted in increased tolerance to high salt stress compared to wild-type (WT. Under salt stress, the transgenic chrysanthemum accumulated less malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, and superoxide anion (O2− than WT, accompanied by more proline, soluble sugar, and activities of antioxidant enzymes than WT; in addition, a stronger photosynthetic capacity and a series of up-regulated stress-related genes were also found in transgenic chrysanthemum. All results demonstrated that DgWRKY4 is a positive regulatory gene responding to salt stress, via advancing photosynthetic capacity, promoting the operation of reactive oxygen species-scavenging system, maintaining membrane stability, enhancing the osmotic adjustment, and up-regulating transcript levels of stress-related genes. So, DgWRKY4 can serve as a new candidate gene for salt-tolerant plant breeding.

  11. Dgroup: DG01936 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01936 DGroup TNF inhibitor ... D00742 ... Etanercept (USAN/INN); Etanercept (genetica...l recombination) (JAN); Etanercept (genetical recombination) [etanercept biosimilar 1] (JAN) ... D02598 ... Infl...iximab (USAN/INN); Infliximab (genetical recombination) (JAN); Infliximab (genetical recombination) [Inflixi...mab biosimilar1] (JAN); Infliximab (genetical recombination) [Infliximab biosimil...ar2] (JAN) ... D07436 ... Afelimomab (INN) D02597 ... Adalimumab (USAN/INN); Adalimumab (genetical recombination) (

  12. Dgroup: DG01797 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ical recombination) (JP17); Insulin glargine (genetical recombination) injection (J...P17); Insulin glargine (genetical recombination [Insulin glargin biosimilar 1] (JAN); Insulin glargine (genetica...mir (USAN/INN); Insulin detemir (genetical recombination) (JAN) ... D09727 ... Insulin degludec (USAN/INN); Insulin degludec (genetica... DG01797 DGroup Insulin analogue, long-acting ... D03250 ... Insulin glargine (USAN/INN); Insulin glargine (genet

  13. Activities of OECD NEA CSNI PWG3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Miller, A.

    1998-01-01

    Activities of OECD NEA are connected with IAEA-IWG LMNPP, IAEA Nuclear safety, CEC-JRC, CEC-DG XI, CEC-DG XII and utilities UNIPEDE and WANO. The Committee on the Safety of Nuclear Installations (CSNI) acts through working groups on Fuel Cycle safety; Operating Experiences and Human Factors; Coolant System Behaviour; Integrity of Components and Structures; Confinement of Accidental Radioactive Releases and Risk Assessment. Korea, Mexico, Hungary and Czech Republic are now members of OECD NEA, and the non OECD Countries like Russia, Ukraine, Slovakia, Lithuania can participate in workshops but not in regular committee meetings

  14. A control technique for integration of DG units to the electrical networks

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Pouresmaeil, Edris; Miguel-Espinar, Carlos; Massot-Campos, Miquel

    2013-01-01

    This paper deals with a multiobjective control technique for integration of distributed generation (DG) resources to the electrical power network. The proposed strategy provides compensation for active, reactive, and harmonic load current components during connection of DG link to the grid...

  15. DG CONNECT’s stakeholder engagement strategy

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Verheyden, M.; Glidden, J.; Shahin, J.

    2013-01-01

    How do we ensure that public policy represents the interests of all, rather than a select few? How will we ensure it draws upon the best insights and talents of key stakeholders? The European Commission’s DG CONNECT recently announced the results of its Stakeholder Engagement Survey, which is

  16. Evaluation of the fusion technology and safety programme of the Joint Research Centre (1980-85)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Haines, M.; Cabibbo, N.; Crocker, J.G.; Lecomte, M.; Merz, E.

    1986-01-01

    The Joint Research Centre, Ispra, has been involved in fusion research since 1973. In July 1985 the Commission of European Communities - DG XII, following a policy of systematically evaluating its RandD activities, appointed a panel of external experts to evaluate the fusion technology and safety programme carried out at the Joint Research Centre. This report describes the work of the panel in evaluating the research performed by the JRC within the framework of its 1984-87 programme. The achievements of the previous programme, 1980-83, were also taken into consideration. The different research areas covered in the programme, i.e.: reactor studies, breeding blanket technology, structural materials studies, risk assessment and tritium laboratory studies, are described and a draft proposal for the period 1987-90 presented. The evaluation panel has been asked to assess the following aspects: the scientific and technical achievements of the programme, the contribution of the programme to the development of other Community policies, the role played by the JRC in the European fusion research (including NET) and in international collaborations such as INTOR. From its assessment the evaluation panel has made a series of recommendations for the current programme and for future work

  17. The R and D activities carried out in Ispra according to a cooperation between ENEA COMB and JRC Ispra in the field of radioactive waste management

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nannicini, R.; Dworschak, H.; Daniele, F.

    1987-01-01

    The R and D activities, carried out in Ispra since 1984, in the field of radioactive waste management,COMB (Technological Development Laboratory) and JRC, concerned final hot tests of the ENEA owned ESTER mini-pilot plant for HLW vitrification, the trasportation of3 of the activeglass? containing crucibles from the Ispra to the Karlsruhe (Transuranium Institute) establishment of JRC for produced by the ESTER plant. While the ESTER experience is being successfully finished, contemporarily the basis has been established to start the PETRA experience, more complete than the previous one, but also more complex. The PETRA experimental infrastructure will be particulary useful for studying, developing and verifying, in real activity conditions, advanced chemical extracting agents and mainly new matrices for the immobilisation of HLWs, or their fractions, and of mixtures of various aqueous waste streams

  18. Antiangiogenic activity of 2-deoxy-D-glucose.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jaime R Merchan

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available During tumor angiogenesis, endothelial cells (ECs are engaged in a number of energy consuming biological processes, such as proliferation, migration, and capillary formation. Since glucose uptake and metabolism are increased to meet this energy need, the effects of the glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG on in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis were investigated.In cell culture, 2-DG inhibited EC growth, induced cytotoxicity, blocked migration, and inhibited actively forming but not established endothelial capillaries. Surprisingly, 2-DG was a better inhibitor of these EC properties than two more efficacious glycolytic inhibitors, 2-fluorodeoxy-D-glucose and oxamate. As an alternative to a glycolytic inhibitory mechanism, we considered 2-DG's ability to interfere with endothelial N-linked glycosylation. 2-DG's effects were reversed by mannose, an N-linked glycosylation precursor, and at relevant concentrations 2-DG also inhibited synthesis of the lipid linked oligosaccharide (LLO N-glycosylation donor in a mannose-reversible manner. Inhibition of LLO synthesis activated the unfolded protein response (UPR, which resulted in induction of GADD153/CHOP and EC apoptosis (TUNEL assay. Thus, 2-DG's effects on ECs appeared primarily due to inhibition of LLOs synthesis, not glycolysis. 2-DG was then evaluated in two mouse models, inhibiting angiogenesis in both the matrigel plug assay and the LH(BETAT(AG transgenic retinoblastoma model.In conclusion, 2-DG inhibits endothelial cell angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, at concentrations below those affecting tumor cells directly, most likely by interfering with N-linked glycosylation rather than glycolysis. Our data underscore the importance of glucose metabolism on neovascularization, and demonstrate a novel approach for anti-angiogenic strategies.

  19. 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) inhibits radiation induced carcinogenesis (skin tumors) in mice

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Singh, Saurabh; Bhuria, Vikas; Pandey, Sanjay; Saluja, Daman; Dwarakanath, B.S.

    2014-01-01

    One of the late effects of radiation exposure i.e. carcinogenesis is exemplified by atomic bomb survivors, radiotherapy patients and occupational workers. Enhanced glucose metabolism (Warburg's effect) is a fundamental metabolic change in transformed cells which drives tumorigenesis. It is suggested that Dietary Energy Restriction (DER) that targets glucose metabolism may afford protection against radiation-induced carcinogenesis. However, DER is practically difficult to sustain in humans. Therefore, we have hypothesized that the glycolytic inhibitor, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), a potential energy restriction mimetic agent (ERMA) may impair the process of tumorigenesis as an alternative to DER. In the present studies we investigated the effects of dietary 2-DG on radiation induced papillomas in mice. Swiss albino mice (male) were irradiated with a fractionated dose schedule (1.5 Gy ionizing radiation/week for four weeks) focally on the shaved back followed by the application of tumor promoting agent (TPA) once weekly till the termination of the study. Mice were administered 2-DG (0.2% and 0.4% w/v) containing water starting a week after last irradiation. A significant reduction in the tumor incidence, tumor burden, besides increase in the latency period was observed in the 2-DG fed mice. The average tumor incidence (papillomas formation) was reduced to 25% and 37% in 0.2% and 0.4% 2-DG group respectively from 47% in the control group with a significant delay in the onset. Under these conditions, 2-DG considerably enhanced the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) with a concomitant decrease in the lipid peroxidation. 2-DG fed tumor bearing mice showed decrease in splenic CD4 + to CD8 + T-cell ratio and prevented the tumor induced augmentation of T-regulatory cells (CD4 + CD25 + ) which correlated with an increase in CD8 + (CTLs) cells. Dietary 2-DG also reduced the tumor associated and radiation induced angiogenesis. These observations suggest that dietary 2-DG

  20. Fission product chemistry in severe nuclear reactor accidents, specialists' meeting at JRC-Ispra, 15-17 January 1990

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nichols, A.L.

    1990-05-01

    A specialists' meeting was held at JRC-Ispra from 15 to 17 January 1990 to review the current understanding of fission-product chemistry during severe accidents in light water reactors. Discussions focussed on the important chemical phenomena that could occur across the wide range of conditions of a damaged nuclear plant. Recommendations for future chemistry work were made covering the following areas: (a) fuel degradation and fission-product release, (b) transport and attenuation processes in the reactor coolant system, (c) containment chemistry (iodine behaviour and core-concrete interactions). (author)

  1. And the World Turned: Spin Testing the DG-1000S

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-10-01

    mainly glass-fiber reinforced plastic, with steel as necessary for the landing gear. Load factor limits are +7/- 5g . Manufactured in Germany, the DG...Forward CG’s carry an additional type of risk for spin testing: structural failure due to over- speed /overload. After spin entry, if the aircraft’s...become “sloppy” in the DG-1000S near stall speed , careful attention to the yaw string was required for coordinated flight: anything less tended to cause

  2. Dgroup: DG01636 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available analogue, fast-acting ... D04477 ... Insulin lispro (USP/INN); Insulin lispro (genetical recombination) (JAN) ... ... ... D04475 ... Insulin aspart (USAN/INN); Insulin aspart (genetical recombination) (JAN) ... D04540 ... Insulin glu...lisine (USAN/INN); Insulin glulisine (genetical recombination) (JAN) ... DG01797 ... Insulin analogue, long-acting ... D03250 ... Insulin glargine (USAN/INN); Insulin glargine (genetical recombinat...ion) (JP17); Insulin glargine (genetical recombination) injection (JP17); Insulin glargine (genetical recomb

  3. Ten years after Chernobyl: What do we really know? Based on the proceedings of the IAEA/WHO/EC international conference, Vienna, April 1996

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1997-02-01

    This booklet attempts briefly to bring to light what has been learned after ten years of examining the consequences of the accident, reviewing both its immediate and long-term human health and environmental impacts. It is based principally upon the results of an international conference, ''One Decade After Chernobyl: Summing Up the Consequences of the Accident'', which brought together more than 800 experts from 71 countries in Vienna in April 1996 under sponsorship of the European Commission (EC), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

  4. General and Simple Decision Method for DG Penetration Level in View of Voltage Regulation at Distribution Substation Transformers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joon-Ho Choi

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available A distribution system was designed and operated by considering unidirectional power flow from a utility source to end-use loads. The large penetrations of distributed generation (DG into the existing distribution system causes a variety of technical problems, such as frequent tap changing problems of the on-load tap changer (OLTC transformer, local voltage rise, protection coordination, exceeding short-circuit capacity, and harmonic distortion. In view of voltage regulation, the intermittent fluctuation of the DG output power results in frequent tap changing operations of the OLTC transformer. Thus, many utilities limit the penetration level of DG and are eager to find the reasonable penetration limits of DG in the distribution system. To overcome this technical problem, utilities have developed a new voltage regulation method in the distribution system with a large DG penetration level. In this paper, the impact of DG on the OLTC operations controlled by the line drop compensation (LDC method is analyzed. In addition, a generalized determination methodology for the DG penetration limits in a distribution substation transformer is proposed. The proposed DG penetration limits could be adopted for a simplified interconnection process in DG interconnection guidelines.

  5. Dgroup: DG01664 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available /INN) D06070 ... Tenecteplase (USAN/INN) ... D05412 ... Monteplase (INN); Monteplase (genetical recombination) (JAN...) ... D05410 ... Pamiteplase (INN); Pamiteplase (genetical recombination) (JAN) D0825...6 ... Nateplase (INN) D03695 ... Desmoteplase (USAN/INN) D04665 ... Lanoteplase (USAN/INN); Lanoteplase (genetical re...combination) (JAN) D09814 ... Silteplase (INN); Silteplase (genetical recombination) (JAN) D09823 ... Duteplase (INN); Duteplase (genetica... DG01664 DGroup Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) -teplase ... D02837 ... Alteplase (USP/INN); Alteplase (geneti

  6. Dgroup: DG00177 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00177 Chemical ... DGroup Erythropoietin ... D03231 ... Epoetin alfa (USAN/INN); Epoetin... alfa (genetical recombination) (JP17) ... D03232 ... Epoetin beta (USAN/INN); Epoetin beta (genetical recombina...tion) (JP17) ... D04032 ... Epoetin delta (USAN) D09737 ... Epoetin kappa (INN); Epoetin kappa (genetical recombination) (Epoet...in alfa biosimilar 1) (JAN) ... D09998 ... Epoetin beta pegol (genetical ...recombination) (JAN) ... D10000 ... Epoetin epsilon (INN); Epoetin epsilon (genetical recombination) (JAN) D10846 ... Epoet

  7. Performance assessment of gate material engineered AlInN/GaN underlap DG MOSFET for enhanced carrier transport efficiency

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pardeshi, Hemant M.; Raj, Godwin; Pati, Sudhansu; Mohankumar, N.; Sarkar, Chandan Kumar

    2013-08-01

    In the work proposed, performance of dual material gate (DMG) AlInN/GaN underlap DG MOSFET has been analyzed and compared with the corresponding performance of single material gate (SMG) AlInN/GaN underlap DG MOSFET using Sentaurus TCAD device simulation. A systematic, quantitative investigation of key device metrics for DMG-DG device is presented and a comparison with SMG-DG device is done for a wide range of gate and underlap lengths. The key idea in this paper is to demonstrate the improved performance exhibited by DMG-DG device over SMG-DG device, due to enhanced carrier transport efficiency and suppressed short channel effect (SCE). Simulation reveals an improvement in drain current, drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL), Ion/Ioff, Delay and Energy Delay Product (EDP) for DMG-DG MOSFET as compared to SMG-DG MOSFET. Very high drain current of 6.7 mA/μm, low DIBL of 1.62 mV/V, high Ion/Ioff ratio of 4.044e107, low delay of 0.001 ps and low EDP of 1.37e-31 J s/μm are obtained for DGM-DG device. However, subthreshold slope (SS) for DMG-DG device is on higher side than SMG-DG. The proposed AlInN/GaN Heterostructure Underlap DGM-DG MOSFET shows excellent promise as one of the candidates to substitute present MOSFET for future high speed applications.

  8. Impacts on the Voltage Profile of DC Distribution Network with DG Access

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tu, J. J.; Yin, Z. D.

    2017-07-01

    With the development of electronic, more and more distributed generations (DGs) access into grid and cause the research fever of direct current (DC) distribution network. Considering distributed generation (DG) location and capacity have great impacts on voltage profile, so use IEEE9 and IEEE33 typical circuit as examples, with DGs access in centralized and decentralized mode, to compare voltage profile in alternating and direct current (AC/DC) distribution network. Introducing the voltage change ratio as an evaluation index, so gets the general results on voltage profile of DC distributed network with DG access. Simulation shows that, in the premise of reasonable location and capacity, DC distribution network is more suitable for DG access.

  9. Provisional acceptance of installations and online data submission of PV and Hybrid kits in remote areas of Latin-America under the EC's EURO-SOLAR Programme

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Cendagorta, M.; Rodriguez, J.; Lopez-Manzanares, L.; Linares, A. [Instituto Tecnologico y de Energias Renovables, S.A. (ITER), Granadilla de Abona (Spain)

    2010-07-01

    The EURO-SOLAR Programme is providing 600 isolated and rural communities in the 8 lesser developed countries in Latin America, with an electricity production facility based on both PV or Hybrid (PV and Wind) RE technologies. These installations are meant to provide this energy for community uses, rather than home and private usage, with these uses (computing, telecommunications, lighting, water purification, etc.) aimed to increase the degree of development within the communities. Two different companies were awarded the installation of these systems, after an international tender procedure, where ITER played a technical advisor role for the EC's DG EuropeAid. In the present phase of the project, where the systems are being installed, ITER has designed a provisional acceptance procedure (PA), in which both remote and in-situ verifications are carried out. This procedure has been developed in conjunction with a web application in order to ensure both transparency and traceability either of all actions and all actors involved in the process (Companies, ITER, Technical Assistance, EC, Communities). This application is also meant to act as a central repository where all the technical and administrative information of each one of the 600 systems could be found. This paper describes in detail this procedure, how it has been designed and what are the outcomes of all the processes aimed to guarantee the technical quality and the sustainability of the systems. (orig.)

  10. DOD Electronic Commerce (EC)/Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) in contracting report

    Science.gov (United States)

    1993-12-01

    Use of Electronic Commerce (EC)/Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) to support Department of Defense (DoD) procurement processes has been under consideration for some time. A 1988 Deputy Secretary of Defense memo calls for maximum use of EDI, based on 10 years of DoD EDI investigation and experiments. In 1990, Defense Management Review Decision 941 stated, 'The strategic goal of DoD's current efforts is to provide the department with the capability to initiate, conduct, and maintain its external business related transactions and internal logistics, contracting, and financial activities without requiring the use of hard copy media.' The EC in Contracting PAT membership reflected a broad cross section of Military Services and Defense Agencies working on a full-time basis for 60 days. The diversity of the EC in Contracting PAT ensured that the needs and concerns of all DoD components were addressed during the creation of the report. The resultant plan, therefore, represents a comprehensive approach for implementing EC throughout the DoD.

  11. A Functional Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Modified with PLA-PEG-DG as Tumor-Targeted MRI Contrast Agent.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xiong, Fei; Hu, Ke; Yu, Haoli; Zhou, Lijun; Song, Lina; Zhang, Yu; Shan, Xiuhong; Liu, Jianping; Gu, Ning

    2017-08-01

    Tumor targeting could greatly promote the performance of magnetic nanomaterials as MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) agent for tumor diagnosis. Herein, we reported a novel magnetic nanoparticle modified with PLA (poly lactic acid)-PEG (polyethylene glycol)-DG (D-glucosamine) as Tumor-targeted MRI Contrast Agent. In this work, we took use of the D-glucose passive targeting on tumor cells, combining it on PLA-PEG through amide reaction, and then wrapped the PLA-PEG-DG up to the Fe 3 O 4 @OA NPs. The stability and anti phagocytosis of Fe 3 O 4 @OA@PLA-PEG-DG was tested in vitro; the MRI efficiency and toxicity was also detected in vivo. These functional magnetic nanoparticles demonstrated good biocompatibility and stability both in vitro and in vivo. Cell experiments showed that Fe 3 O 4 @OA@PLA-PEG-DG nanoparticles exist good anti phagocytosis and high targetability. In vivo MRI images showed that the contrast effect of Fe 3 O 4 @OA@PLA-PEG-DG nanoparticles prevailed over the commercial non tumor-targeting magnetic nanomaterials MRI agent at a relatively low dose. The DG can validly enhance the tumor-targetting effect of Fe 3 O 4 @OA@PLA-PEG nanoparticle. Maybe MRI agents with DG can hold promise as tumor-targetting development in the future.

  12. Dgroup: DG01980 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG01980 DGroup Calcium ... D00931 ... Calcium acetate (USP) ... D00932 ... Calcium carbonat...e (USP); Precipitated calcium carbonate (JP17); Calcium carbonate, precipitated (JAN) ... D00933 ... Calcium citrate (USP) D00934 ... Calciu...m gluceptate (USP); Calcium glucoheptonate (INN) ... D00935 ... Calcium gluconate (USP) ... D00936 ... Calcium... lactate (USP) D00937 ... Calcium phosphate, dihydrate, dibasic (...USP); Dibasic calcium phosphate hydrate (JP17) ... D00938 ... Tricalcium phosphate D02254 ... Calcium lactate hydrate (JP17) ... D02256 ... Calc

  13. Dgroup: DG00093 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DG00093 Chemical ... DGroup Prednisolone ... D00472 ... Prednisolone (JP17/USP/INN) ... D00980 ... Prednisolo...ne acetate (JP17/USP/INN) ... D00981 ... Prednisolone sodium phosphate (JP17/USP) ... D00982 ... Prednisolo...ne tebutate (JAN/USP) D01239 ... Prednisolone sodium succinate (JP17/USP) ... D01998 ... Prednisolone farnesy...late (JAN) ... D02156 ... Prednisolone hemisuccinate (USP); Prednisolone succinate (JP17) D03301 ... Prednisolo...ne valerate acetate (JAN) ... D08412 ... Prednisolone pivalate D08413 ... Prednisolone sodiu

  14. CosmosDG: An hp-adaptive Discontinuous Galerkin Code for Hyper-resolved Relativistic MHD

    Science.gov (United States)

    Anninos, Peter; Bryant, Colton; Fragile, P. Chris; Holgado, A. Miguel; Lau, Cheuk; Nemergut, Daniel

    2017-08-01

    We have extended Cosmos++, a multidimensional unstructured adaptive mesh code for solving the covariant Newtonian and general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations, to accommodate both discrete finite volume and arbitrarily high-order finite element structures. The new finite element implementation, called CosmosDG, is based on a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) formulation, using both entropy-based artificial viscosity and slope limiting procedures for the regularization of shocks. High-order multistage forward Euler and strong-stability preserving Runge-Kutta time integration options complement high-order spatial discretization. We have also added flexibility in the code infrastructure allowing for both adaptive mesh and adaptive basis order refinement to be performed separately or simultaneously in a local (cell-by-cell) manner. We discuss in this report the DG formulation and present tests demonstrating the robustness, accuracy, and convergence of our numerical methods applied to special and general relativistic MHD, although we note that an equivalent capability currently also exists in CosmosDG for Newtonian systems.

  15. CosmosDG: An hp -adaptive Discontinuous Galerkin Code for Hyper-resolved Relativistic MHD

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Anninos, Peter; Lau, Cheuk [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550 (United States); Bryant, Colton [Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois, 60208 (United States); Fragile, P. Chris [Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Charleston, 66 George Street, Charleston, SC 29424 (United States); Holgado, A. Miguel [Department of Astronomy and National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801 (United States); Nemergut, Daniel [Operations and Engineering Division, Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218 (United States)

    2017-08-01

    We have extended Cosmos++, a multidimensional unstructured adaptive mesh code for solving the covariant Newtonian and general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations, to accommodate both discrete finite volume and arbitrarily high-order finite element structures. The new finite element implementation, called CosmosDG, is based on a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) formulation, using both entropy-based artificial viscosity and slope limiting procedures for the regularization of shocks. High-order multistage forward Euler and strong-stability preserving Runge–Kutta time integration options complement high-order spatial discretization. We have also added flexibility in the code infrastructure allowing for both adaptive mesh and adaptive basis order refinement to be performed separately or simultaneously in a local (cell-by-cell) manner. We discuss in this report the DG formulation and present tests demonstrating the robustness, accuracy, and convergence of our numerical methods applied to special and general relativistic MHD, although we note that an equivalent capability currently also exists in CosmosDG for Newtonian systems.

  16. CosmosDG: An hp -adaptive Discontinuous Galerkin Code for Hyper-resolved Relativistic MHD

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Anninos, Peter; Lau, Cheuk; Bryant, Colton; Fragile, P. Chris; Holgado, A. Miguel; Nemergut, Daniel

    2017-01-01

    We have extended Cosmos++, a multidimensional unstructured adaptive mesh code for solving the covariant Newtonian and general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations, to accommodate both discrete finite volume and arbitrarily high-order finite element structures. The new finite element implementation, called CosmosDG, is based on a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) formulation, using both entropy-based artificial viscosity and slope limiting procedures for the regularization of shocks. High-order multistage forward Euler and strong-stability preserving Runge–Kutta time integration options complement high-order spatial discretization. We have also added flexibility in the code infrastructure allowing for both adaptive mesh and adaptive basis order refinement to be performed separately or simultaneously in a local (cell-by-cell) manner. We discuss in this report the DG formulation and present tests demonstrating the robustness, accuracy, and convergence of our numerical methods applied to special and general relativistic MHD, although we note that an equivalent capability currently also exists in CosmosDG for Newtonian systems.

  17. The macro-sectoral effects of an EC-wide tax. Simulation experiments for 1993-2005

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Standaert, S. [Department of Quantitative Economics. Rijksuniversiteit Limburg, Maastricht (Netherlands)

    1992-03-01

    The results of simulations of the possible macro-sectoral effects of an EC-wide energy tax of 10$ per barrel of oil over the period 1993-2005 are presented. The level of the tax is held constant in real terms. Two alternative redistribution schemes ensure that the tax is budget-neutral country-wise: a reduction of personal income taxes (Direct Taxation scenario or DT), and a reduction of employers social security contributions (Social Security scenario or SS). The simulations were performed with linked multi-sectoral Hermes models maintained at the DG 12 of the Committee of the European Communities. The eventual goal is to shed some light on the implications of an EC-wide environmental policy relying on economic instruments. The tool used enables to present results which are original in certain respects. In particular, in contrast with most existing studies in this area, we use a disaggregated model over a fairly long period of time. The disaggregation has two dimensions, since we link national models, which are themselves disaggregated into industries. This should enable us to get a firmer grip on the implications of the policies followed on the structure of the European economies. In order to limit the costs of disaggregation we have included only four complete country models (France, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom) in the simulations, which cover nevertheless a substantial proportion of EC value-added. Another noteworthy feature of the model is its fairly detailed treatment of energy. This and other characteristics of the model are reviewed in greater detail in Section 2, which provides general information on the model and on the way in which the various shocks have been calibrated. The sections 3 and 4 discuss respectively the DT and the SS scenarios. Additional variants are reviewed in section 5, before the conclusions.

  18. Rapid procedure to calibrate EC-10 and EC-20 capacitance sensors ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    A rapid calibration procedure for EC-10 and EC-20 sensors is introduced to promote the commercial use of these sensors for hydroponic irrigation management in coir. The method is comprised of taking one sensor reading, by a sensor installed under hydroponic crop production conditions, and one gravimetric sample, ...

  19. Business-to-business electronic commerce systems and services. Smart EC solution; Kigyoka nrenkei system solution system. Smart EC solution

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Setoguchi, T.; Manchu, Y.; Katsumata, M. [Toshiba Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

    2000-04-01

    Toshiba provides a range of information technology (IT) solutions called SmartEC Solution, which includes business-to-business electronic commerce systems and services based on international standards and industrial know-how, especially our electronic data interchange (EDI) know-how as a manufacturer. These IT solutions are supplied as services covering strategy planning, system integration, and application service provider based on five types of business-to-business electronic commerce. (author)

  20. Effect of Load Model Using Ranking Identification Technique for Multi Type DG Incorporating Embedded Meta EP-Firefly Algorithm

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abdul Rahim Siti Rafidah

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available This paper presents the effect of load model prior to the distributed generation (DG planning in distribution system. In achieving optimal allocation and placement of DG, a ranking identification technique was proposed in order to study the DG planning using pre-developed Embedded Meta Evolutionary Programming–Firefly Algorithm. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of different type of DG in order to reduce the total losses considering load factor. To realize the effectiveness of the proposed technique, the IEEE 33 bus test systems was utilized as the test specimen. In this study, the proposed techniques were used to determine the DG sizing and the suitable location for DG planning. The results produced are utilized for the optimization process of DG for the benefit of power system operators and planners in the utility. The power system planner can choose the suitable size and location from the result obtained in this study with the appropriate company’s budget. The modeling of voltage dependent loads has been presented and the results show the voltage dependent load models have a significant effect on total losses of a distribution system for different DG type.

  1. European networks in structural integrity

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Crutzen, S.; Davies, M.; Hemsworth, B.; Hurst, R.; Kussmaul, K.

    1994-01-01

    Several institutions and electrical utilities in Europe, including the Joint Research Centre (JRC) have the capability to deal problems posed by the operation and ageing of structural components and with their structural integrity assessment. These institutions and the JRC have developed cooperative programmes now organised in networks. They include utilities, engineering companies, R and D laboratories and Regulatory Bodies. Networks are organised and managed like the successful PISC programme: The Institute for Advanced Materials of JRC plays the role of Operating Agent and Manager of these networks: ENIQ, AMES, NESC, each of them dealing with a specific aspect of fitness for purpose of materials in structural components. There exist strong links between the networks and EC Working Groups on Structural Integrity Codes and Standards. (orig.)

  2. Glucose metabolism-weighted imaging with chemical exchange-sensitive MRI of 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) in brain: Sensitivity and biological sources.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jin, Tao; Mehrens, Hunter; Wang, Ping; Kim, Seong-Gi

    2016-12-01

    Recent proof-of-principle studies have demonstrated the feasibility of measuring the uptake and metabolism of non-labeled 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) by a chemical exchange-sensitive spin-lock (CESL) MRI approach. In order to gain better understanding of this new approach, we performed dynamic in vivo CESL MRI on healthy rat brains with an intravenous injection of 2DG under various conditions at 9.4T. For three 2DG doses of 0.25, 0.5 and 1g/kg, we found that 2DG-CESL signals increased linearly with injection dose at the initial (40min) suggesting time-dependent differential weightings of 2DG transport and metabolism. Remaining 2DG-CESL studies were performed with 0.25g/kg 2DG. Since a higher isoflurane level reduces glucose metabolism and increases blood flow, 2DG-CESL was measured under 0.5%, 1.5% and 2.2% isoflurane. The 2DG-CESL signal was reduced at higher isoflurane levels correlating well with the 2DG phosphorylation in the intracellular space. To detect regional heterogeneities of glucose metabolism, 2DG-CESL with 0.33×0.33×1.50mm 3 resolution was obtained, which indeed showed a higher response in the cortex compared to the corpus callosum. Lastly, unlike CESL MRI with the injection of non-transportable mannitol, the 2DG-CESL response decreased with an increased spin-lock pulse power confirming that 2DG-CESL is dominated by chemical exchange processes in the extravascular space. Taken together, our results showed that 2DG-CESL MRI signals mainly indicate glucose transport and metabolism and may be a useful biomarker for metabolic studies of normal and diseased brains. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  3. Preventing effect of L-type calcium channel blockade on electrophysiological alterations in dentate gyrus granule cells induced by entorhinal amyloid pathology.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hamid Gholami Pourbadie

    Full Text Available The entorhinal cortex (EC is one of the earliest affected brain regions in Alzheimer's disease (AD. EC-amyloid pathology induces synaptic failure in the dentate gyrus (DG with resultant behavioral impairment, but there is little known about its impact on neuronal properties in the DG. It is believed that calcium dyshomeostasis plays a pivotal role in the etiology of AD. Here, the effect of the EC amyloid pathogenesis on cellular properties of DG granule cells and also possible neuroprotective role of L-type calcium channel blockers (CCBs, nimodipine and isradipine, were investigated. The amyloid beta (Aβ 1-42 was injected bilaterally into the EC of male rats and one week later, electrophysiological properties of DG granule cells were assessed. Voltage clamp recording revealed appearance of giant sIPSC in combination with a decrease in sEPSC frequency which was partially reversed by CCBs in granule cells from Aβ treated rats. EC amyloid pathogenesis induced a significant reduction of input resistance (Rin accompanied by a profound decreased excitability in the DG granule cells. However, daily administration of CCBs, isradipine or nimodipine (i.c.v. for 6 days, almost preserved the normal excitability against Aβ. In conclusion, lower tendency to fire AP along with reduced Rin suggest that DG granule cells might undergo an alteration in the membrane ion channel activities which finally lead to the behavioral deficits observed in animal models and patients with early-stage Alzheimer's disease.

  4. Determination of primary combustion source organic carbon-to-elemental carbon (OC / EC ratio using ambient OC and EC measurements: secondary OC-EC correlation minimization method

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. Wu

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available Elemental carbon (EC has been widely used as a tracer to track the portion of co-emitted primary organic carbon (OC and, by extension, to estimate secondary OC (SOC from ambient observations of EC and OC. Key to this EC tracer method is to determine an appropriate OC / EC ratio that represents primary combustion emission sources (i.e., (OC / ECpri at the observation site. The conventional approaches include regressing OC against EC within a fixed percentile of the lowest (OC / EC ratio data (usually 5–20 % or relying on a subset of sampling days with low photochemical activity and dominated by local emissions. The drawback of these approaches is rooted in its empirical nature, i.e., a lack of clear quantitative criteria in the selection of data subsets for the (OC / ECpri determination. We examine here a method that derives (OC / ECpri through calculating a hypothetical set of (OC / ECpri and SOC followed by seeking the minimum of the coefficient of correlation (R2 between SOC and EC. The hypothetical (OC / ECpri that generates the minimum R2(SOC,EC then represents the actual (OC / ECpri ratio if variations of EC and SOC are independent and (OC / ECpri is relatively constant in the study period. This Minimum R Squared (MRS method has a clear quantitative criterion for the (OC / ECpri calculation. This work uses numerically simulated data to evaluate the accuracy of SOC estimation by the MRS method and to compare with two commonly used methods: minimum OC / EC (OC / ECmin and OC / EC percentile (OC / EC10 %. Log-normally distributed EC and OC concentrations with known proportion of SOC are numerically produced through a pseudorandom number generator. Three scenarios are considered, including a single primary source, two independent primary sources, and two correlated primary sources. The MRS method consistently yields the most accurate SOC estimation. Unbiased SOC estimation by OC

  5. A novel family of DG methods for diffusion problems

    Science.gov (United States)

    Johnson, Philip; Johnsen, Eric

    2017-11-01

    We describe and demonstrate a novel family of numerical schemes for handling elliptic/parabolic PDE behavior within the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) framework. Starting from the mixed-form approach commonly applied for handling diffusion (examples include Local DG and BR2), the new schemes apply the Recovery concept of Van Leer to handle cell interface terms. By applying recovery within the mixed-form approach, we have designed multiple schemes that show better accuracy than other mixed-form approaches while being more flexible and easier to implement than the Recovery DG schemes of Van Leer. While typical mixed-form approaches converge at rate 2p in the cell-average or functional error norms (where p is the order of the solution polynomial), many of our approaches achieve order 2p +2 convergence. In this talk, we will describe multiple schemes, including both compact and non-compact implementations; the compact approaches use only interface-connected neighbors to form the residual for each element, while the non-compact approaches add one extra layer to the stencil. In addition to testing the schemes on purely parabolic PDE problems, we apply them to handle the diffusive flux terms in advection-diffusion systems, such as the compressible Navier-Stokes equations.

  6. An improved current control scheme for grid-connected DG unit based distribution system harmonic compensation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    He, Jinwei; Wei Li, Yun; Wang, Xiongfei

    2013-01-01

    In order to utilize DG unit interfacing converters to actively compensate distribution system harmonics, this paper proposes an enhanced current control approach. It seamlessly integrates system harmonic mitigation capabilities with the primary DG power generation function. As the proposed current...... controller has two well decoupled control branches to independently control fundamental and harmonic DG currents, phase-locked loops (PLL) and system harmonic component extractions can be avoided during system harmonic compensation. Moreover, a closed-loop power control scheme is also employed to derive...... the fundamental current reference. The proposed power control scheme effectively eliminates the impacts of steady-state fundamental current tracking errors in the DG units. Thus, an accurate power control is realized even when the harmonic compensation functions are activated. Experimental results from a single...

  7. A power structure over the Grothendieck ring of geometric dg categories

    OpenAIRE

    Gyenge, Ádám

    2017-01-01

    We prove the existence of an effective power structure over the Grothendieck ring of geometric dg categories. Using this power structure we show that the categorical zeta function of a geometric dg category can be expressed as a power with exponent the category itself. This implies a conjecture of Galkin and Shinder relating the motivic and categorical zeta functions of varieties. We also deduce a formula for the generating series of the classes of derived categories of the Hilbert scheme of ...

  8. BDTPS The BNCT Treatment Planning System jointly developed at DIMNP and JRC/IE

    CERN Document Server

    Daquino, G G; Mazzini, M; Moss, R; Muzi, L; International Workshop on "Neutron Capture Therapy: State of the art"

    2003-01-01

    The idea to couple the Treatment Planning System (TPS) to the information on the real boron distribution in the patient is the main added value of the new methodology set-up at DIMNP of University of Pisa, in collaboration with the JRC of Petten (NL). The methodology has been implemented in the new TPS, called BDTPS (Boron Distribution Treatment Planning System), which takes into account the actual boron distribution in the patient brain, while the standard TPS assumes a uniform boron distribution, absolutely far from the reality. Nowadays, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is able to provide this in vivo information. The new TPS, based on the Monte Carlo technique, has been validated comparing the main BNCT parameters (thermal flux, boron dose, etc.) as measured during the irradiation of a special heterogeneous boron phantom (HEBOM), ad hoc designed, as calculated by the BDTPS and by the standard TPS SERA. An evident SERA overestimation of the thermal neutron flux, as well as the boron dose, has been detect...

  9. Response surface methodology approach for structural reliability analysis: An outline of typical applications performed at CEC-JRC, Ispra

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lucia, A.C.

    1982-01-01

    The paper presents the main results of the work carried out at JRC-Ispra for the study of specific problems posed by the application of the response surface methodology to the exploration of structural and nuclear reactor safety codes. Some relevant studies have been achieved: assessment of structure behaviours in the case of seismic occurrences; determination of the probability of coherent blockage in LWR fuel elements due to LOCA occurrence; analysis of ATWS consequences in PWR reactors by means of an ALMOD code; analysis of the first wall for an experimental fusion reactor by means of the Bersafe code. (orig.)

  10. HiCoDG: a hierarchical data-gathering scheme using cooperative multiple mobile elements.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Van Le, Duc; Oh, Hoon; Yoon, Seokhoon

    2014-12-17

    In this paper, we study mobile element (ME)-based data-gathering schemes in wireless sensor networks. Due to the physical speed limits of mobile elements, the existing data-gathering schemes that use mobile elements can suffer from high data-gathering latency. In order to address this problem, this paper proposes a new hierarchical and cooperative data-gathering (HiCoDG) scheme that enables multiple mobile elements to cooperate with each other to collect and relay data. In HiCoDG, two types of mobile elements are used: the mobile collector (MC) and the mobile relay (MR). MCs collect data from sensors and forward them to the MR, which will deliver them to the sink. In this work, we also formulated an integer linear programming (ILP) optimization problem to find the optimal trajectories for MCs and the MR, such that the traveling distance of MEs is minimized. Two variants of HiCoDG, intermediate station (IS)-based and cooperative movement scheduling (CMS)-based, are proposed to facilitate cooperative data forwarding from MCs to the MR. An analytical model for estimating the average data-gathering latency in HiCoDG was also designed. Simulations were performed to compare the performance of the IS and CMS variants, as well as a multiple traveling salesman problem (mTSP)-based approach. The simulation results show that HiCoDG outperforms mTSP in terms of latency. The results also show that CMS can achieve the lowest latency with low energy consumption.

  11. HiCoDG: A Hierarchical Data-Gathering Scheme Using Cooperative Multiple Mobile Elements

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Duc Van Le

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available In this paper, we study mobile element (ME-based data-gathering schemes in wireless sensor networks. Due to the physical speed limits of mobile elements, the existing data-gathering schemes that usemobile elements can suffer from high data-gathering latency. In order to address this problem, this paper proposes a new hierarchical and cooperative data-gathering (HiCoDG scheme that enables multiple mobile elements to cooperate with each other to collect and relay data. In HiCoDG, two types of mobile elements are used: the mobile collector (MC and the mobile relay (MR. MCs collect data from sensors and forward them to the MR, which will deliver them to the sink. In this work, we also formulated an integer linear programming (ILP optimization problem to find the optimal trajectories for MCs and the MR, such that the traveling distance of MEs is minimized. Two variants of HiCoDG, intermediate station (IS-based and cooperative movement scheduling (CMS-based, are proposed to facilitate cooperative data forwarding from MCs to theMR. An analytical model for estimating the average data-gathering latency in HiCoDG was also designed. Simulations were performed to compare the performance of the IS and CMS variants, as well as a multiple traveling salesman problem (mTSP-based approach. The simulation results show that HiCoDG outperformsmTSP in terms of latency. The results also show that CMS can achieve the lowest latency with low energy consumption.

  12. CERN High School Teachers Training Programme meets DG

    CERN Multimedia

    Brice, Maximilien

    2014-01-01

    CERN's DG Rolf Heuer met with the participants of the High School Teachers Training Programme on 23 July 2014 for a Q&A Session. Following the interaction, he met with the HST Working Group collaborating on a lesson plan for teaching SESAME in high schools.

  13. A multi-objective control strategy for grid connection of DG (distributed generation) resources

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Pouresmaeil, Edris; Montesinos-Miracle, Daniel; Bergas-Jane, Joan [Centre d' Innovacio Tecnologica en Convertidors Estatics i Accionaments (CITCEA-UPC), Departament d' Enginyeria Electrica, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, ETS d' Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona (Spain); Gomis-Bellmunt, Oriol [Centre d' Innovacio Tecnologica en Convertidors Estatics i Accionaments (CITCEA-UPC), Departament d' Enginyeria Electrica, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, ETS d' Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona (Spain); Catalonia Institute for Energy Research IREC, Barcelona (Spain)

    2010-12-15

    This paper presents a flexible control technique for connection of DG (distributed generation) resources to distribution networks, especially during ride-through on faulty grid. This strategy is derived from the abc/{alpha}{beta} and {alpha}{beta}/dq transformations of the ac system variables. The active and reactive currents injected by the DG source are controlled in the synchronously rotating orthogonal dq reference frame. The transformed variables are used to control the VSI (voltage source inverter) which connects the DG to the distribution network. Using a P.L.L. (phase locked loop) in circuit of proposed control technique, the angle of positive sequence has been detected, in order to synchronize the currents to the distribution network. The proposed control technique has the capability of providing active and reactive powers and harmonic currents to nonlinear loads with a fast dynamic response. Simulation results and mathematical analysis have been completed in order to achieve a reduced THD (total harmonic distortion), increased power factor and compensated load's active and reactive powers. The analyses show the high performance of this control strategy in DG applications in comparison with other existing strategies. (author)

  14. Tools for Trade Analysis and Open Source Information Monitoring for Non-proliferation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cojazzi, G.G.M.; Versino, C.; Wolfart, E.; Renda, G.; Janssens, W.A.M.; )

    2015-01-01

    The new state level approach being proposed by IAEA envisions an objective based and information driven safeguards approach utilizing all relevant information to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of safeguards. To this goal the IAEA makes also use of open source information, here broadly defined as any information that is neither classified nor proprietary. It includes, but is not limited to: media sources, government and non-governmental reports and analyzes, commercial data, and scientific/technical literature, including trade data. Within the EC support programme to IAEA, JRC has surveyed and catalogued open sources on import-export customs trade data and developed tools for supporting the use of the related databases in safeguards. The JRC software The Big Table, (TBT), supports i.a.: a) the search through a collection of reference documents relevant to trade analysis (legal/regulatory documents, technical handbooks); b) the selection of items of interests to specific verifications and c) the mapping of these items to customs commodities searchable in trade databases. In the field of open source monitoring, JRC is developing and operating a ''Nuclear Security Media Monitor'' (NSMM), which is a web-based multilingual news aggregation system that automatically collects news articles from pre-defined web sites. NSMM is a domain specific version of the general JRC-Europe Media Monitor (EMM). NSMM has been established within the EC support programme with the aim, i.e., to streamline IAEA's process of open source information monitoring. In the first part, the paper will recall the trade data sources relevant for non-proliferation and will then illustrate the main features of TBT, recently coupled with the IAEA Physical Model, and new visualization techniques applied to trade data. In the second part it will present the main aspects of the NSMM also by illustrating some of uses done at JRC. (author)

  15. June Council - DG presentation to personnel / Conseil de juin - présentation de la DG au personnel

    CERN Multimedia

    CERN. Geneva

    2017-01-01

    Please note that the DG presentation will be transmitted also in the following rooms: Council Chamber - 503-1-001 IT Amphitheatre - 31-3-004 Kjell Johnsen Auditorium - 30-7-018 Prevessin 864-1-B04 Simultaneous interpreting into French and English will be available in the Main Auditorium. Une interprétation simultanée en français et en anglais sera disponible dans l'amphithéâtre principal.  

  16. Molecular species analysis of phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidic acid (PA) and diacylglycerol (DG) in rat mast cells

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kennerly, D.A.

    1987-01-01

    The metabolism of DG, PA and PI were studied in purified rat mast cells to determine whether generally accepted pathways of PI metabolism could explain the pattern of fatty acids seen in these intermediates. A method was developed to separate and quantitate by mass (for DG) or endogenous labeling (for PA and PI) the different molecular species of each lipid that are defined by their component fatty acids. The resultant molecular species fingerprint for each lipid was examined to see if it was similar to other intermediates in the PI cycle. For each class of compounds the percent in a given subclass was recorded. Stimulation caused a reduction of more saturated subclasses and/or an increase in AA containing compounds in PA, PI and DG. The relative similarity of subclasses of 32 P-PA and 32 P-PI supports the view that they are metabolically related. The relative absence of AA-containing species of DG suggests that most of the stimulated increase of DG was not produced by PI hydrolysis

  17. Allometric biomass and carbon factors database

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Somogyi, Z. [European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra (Italy). Institute for Environment and Sustainability]|[Hungarian Forest Research Institute, Budapest (Hungary); Teobaldelli, M.; Federici, S.; Pagliari, V.; Grassi, G.; Seufert, G. [European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra (Italy). Institute for Environment and Sustainability; Matteucci, G. [Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rende (Italy). Istituto per i Sistemi Agricoli e Forestali del Mediterraneo

    2008-09-30

    The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Kyoto Protocol (KP) recognize that forest ecosystems may contribute to mitigate the human-induced greenhouse effect. In particular, Article 3.3 of the KP makes mandatory for countries that have ratified the KP to submit inventory information on the carbon stock changes and non-CO{sub 2} (carbon dioxide) emission from afforestation (A), reforestation (R) and deforestation (D), whereas Article 3.4 of the KP allows countries to elect specific activities, among others forest management (FM), whose emissions and removals must also be included in the greenhouse gas inventories. The greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory information, which Annex I (i.e., developed) countries have to submit to the UNFCCC secretariat annually, provides the basis for climate change policy analysis development, and for checking the compliance with Countries' commitments under the KP. As a Party to both the UNFCCC and its KP, the European Community (EC) has to submit its annual GHG inventory. Within the EC GHG inventory system, the Climate Change Unit of the Joint Research Centre (European Commission, DG-JRC) is responsible for the Quality Assessment/Quality Control of GHG emissions and sinks in the sectors 'Agriculture' and 'Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry' (LULUCF), which includes the check of Member States' inventories and the contribution to the EC Inventory Report. The work of JRC on the EC inventory is complemented by continuous efforts for harmonizing and improving the measuring and reporting of GHG emissions and sinks in the agriculture and forestry sector in Europe. To this aim, the JRC has established a web site 'AFOLU DATA' with the aim to offer EU-wide data sets, models and other tools to promote transparent, complete, consistent and comparable estimates of GHG emissions and removals. The aim of the present paper is to illustrate one of the databases hosted by AFOLU

  18. Reactive power and voltage control strategy based on dynamic and adaptive segment for DG inverter

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhai, Jianwei; Lin, Xiaoming; Zhang, Yongjun

    2018-03-01

    The inverter of distributed generation (DG) can support reactive power to help solve the problem of out-of-limit voltage in active distribution network (ADN). Therefore, a reactive voltage control strategy based on dynamic and adaptive segment for DG inverter is put forward to actively control voltage in this paper. The proposed strategy adjusts the segmented voltage threshold of Q(U) droop curve dynamically and adaptively according to the voltage of grid-connected point and the power direction of adjacent downstream line. And then the reactive power reference of DG inverter can be got through modified Q(U) control strategy. The reactive power of inverter is controlled to trace the reference value. The proposed control strategy can not only control the local voltage of grid-connected point but also help to maintain voltage within qualified range considering the terminal voltage of distribution feeder and the reactive support for adjacent downstream DG. The scheme using the proposed strategy is compared with the scheme without the reactive support of DG inverter and the scheme using the Q(U) control strategy with constant segmented voltage threshold. The simulation results suggest that the proposed method has a significant improvement on solving the problem of out-of-limit voltage, restraining voltage variation and improving voltage quality.

  19. Dgroup: DG01752 [KEGG MEDICUS

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available (USAN/INN); Interferon alfa-2a (genetical recombination) (JAN) ... D02745 ... Interferon alfa-2b (USAN); Interferon alfa-2b (genetica... Interferon alfa-n3 (USAN) DG01751 ... Interferon beta ... D00746 ... Interferon beta-1b (USAN/INN); Interferon beta-1b (genetica...D00747 ... Interferon gamma-1b (USAN/INN) ... D03357 ... Interferon gamma-1a (genetical recombination) (JAN) ... D...08805 ... Interferon gamma-n1 (JAN) D02744 ... Interferon alfacon-1 (USAN/INN); Interferon alfacon-1 (genetical re...combination) (JAN) D02747 ... Peginterferon alfa-2a (USAN/INN); Peginterferon alfa-2a (genetica

  20. [Effect of 5-HT1A receptors in the hippocampal DG on active avoidance learning in rats].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiang, Feng-ze; Lv, Jing; Wang, Dan; Jiang, Hai-ying; Li, Ying-shun; Jin, Qing-hua

    2015-01-01

    To investigate the effects of serotonin (5-HTIA) receptors in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) on active avoidance learning in rats. Totally 36 SD rats were randomly divided into control group, antagonist group and agonist group(n = 12). Active avoidance learning ability of rats was assessed by the shuttle box. The extracellular concentrations of 5-HT in the DG during active avoidance conditioned reflex were measured by microdialysis and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques. Then the antagonist (WAY-100635) or agonist (8-OH-DPAT) of the 5-HT1A receptors were microinjected into the DG region, and the active avoidance learning was measured. (1) During the active avoidance learning, the concentration of 5-HT in the hippocampal DG was significantly increased in the extinction but not establishment in the conditioned reflex, which reached 164.90% ± 26.07% (P active avoidance learning. (3) The microinjection of 8-OH-DPAT(an agonist of 5-HT1A receptor) into the DG significantly facilitated the establishment process and inhibited the extinction process during active avoidance conditioned reflex. The data suggest that activation of 5-HT1A receptors in hipocampal DG may facilitate active avoidance learning and memory in rats.

  1. Enhanced CANDU 6 (EC6): a proven mid-sized reactor with fuel cycle capability

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hopwood, J.; Soulard, M.; Hastings, I.J.

    2011-01-01

    Atomic Energy of Canada (AECL) is finalizing development of the Enhanced CANDU 6 (EC6), which incorporates the CANDU 6's well-proven features, and adds enhancements that make the reactor even more safe and easier to operate. The EC6 is the only mid-sized reactor (700 MWe class) with a proven pedigree that meets modern reactor expectations and regulatory standards. It is sized for smaller grids and also has outstanding fuel-cycle capability. Changes are incremental and consistent with the CANDU 6 project approach. The EC6 utilizes modern computers and a distributed control system housed in an advanced control room which, along with automated testing and on-line diagnostics, make the plant easier and safer to operate, with minimal operator intervention. Containment and seismic capability are upgraded to meet modern standards. The first deployment of the EC6 is anticipated in Canada; international markets are also being pursued. AECL is performing a comprehensive review of the EC6 design in the wake of the Fukushima accident, will review lessons learned, and incorporate any necessary improvements into new build design. (author)

  2. Enhanced CANDU 6 (EC6): a proven mid-sized reactor with fuel cycle capability

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hopwood, J.; Soulard, M.; Hastings, I.J.

    2011-01-01

    Atomic Energy of Canada (AECL) is finalizing development of the Enhanced CANDU 6 (EC6), which incorporates the CANDU 6's well-proven features, and enhancements that make the reactor even more safe and easier to operate. The EC6 is the only mid-sized reactor (700 MWe class) with a proven pedigree that meets modern reactor expectations and regulatory standards. It is sized for smaller grids and also has outstanding fuel-cycle capability. Changes are incremental and consistent with the CANDU 6 project approach. The EC6 utilizes modern computers and a distributed control system housed in an advanced control room which, along with automated testing and on-line diagnostics, make the plant easier and safer to operate, with minimal operator intervention. Containment and seismic capability are upgraded to meet modern standards. The first deployment of the EC6 is anticipated in Canada; international markets are also being pursued. AECL is performing a comprehensive review of the EC6 design in the wake of the Fukushima accident, will review lessons learned, and incorporate any necessary improvements into new build design. (author)

  3. Risk assesment in the context of EC directives on genetically modified organisms

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Meer, P.J. van der [Ministry for the Environment (Netherlands)

    1992-07-01

    The introduction of these new molecular technologies initiated an international discussion on the safety in biotechnology. In 1974 one of the pioneers of this new technology, Paul Berg, expressed his view on the potential risks of recombinant DNA applications in the famous 'Berg letter', leading to a self-imposed moratorium on certain experiments. Following the Berg letter and the Asilomar convention, much international attention has been given to the question of safety in biotechnology. This attention resulted in hundreds of documents, research programmes, guidelines and regulations. This resulted, among others, in two EC Directives on genetically modified organisms: the EC Directive 90/219/EEC on the contained use of genetically modified micro-organisms, and Directive 90/220/EEC on the release of genetically modified organisms. These directives lay down a system for harmonization of risk assessment and risk management with regard to the safety for human health and the environment.

  4. Risk assesment in the context of EC directives on genetically modified organisms

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Meer, P.J. van der

    1992-01-01

    The introduction of these new molecular technologies initiated an international discussion on the safety in biotechnology. In 1974 one of the pioneers of this new technology, Paul Berg, expressed his view on the potential risks of recombinant DNA applications in the famous 'Berg letter', leading to a self-imposed moratorium on certain experiments. Following the Berg letter and the Asilomar convention, much international attention has been given to the question of safety in biotechnology. This attention resulted in hundreds of documents, research programmes, guidelines and regulations. This resulted, among others, in two EC Directives on genetically modified organisms: the EC Directive 90/219/EEC on the contained use of genetically modified micro-organisms, and Directive 90/220/EEC on the release of genetically modified organisms. These directives lay down a system for harmonization of risk assessment and risk management with regard to the safety for human health and the environment

  5. Dynamic Rupture Benchmarking of the ADER-DG Method

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gabriel, Alice; Pelties, Christian

    2013-04-01

    We will verify the arbitrary high-order derivative Discontinuous Galerkin (ADER-DG) method in various test cases of the 'SCEC/USGS Dynamic Earthquake Rupture Code Verification Exercise' benchmark suite (Harris et al. 2009). The ADER-DG scheme is able to solve the spontaneous rupture problem with high-order accuracy in space and time on three-dimensional unstructured tetrahedral meshes. Strong mesh coarsening or refinement at areas of interest can be applied to keep the computational costs feasible. Moreover, the method does not generate spurious high-frequency contributions in the slip rate spectra and therefore does not require any artificial damping as demonstrated in previous presentations and publications (Pelties et al. 2010 and 2012). We will show that the mentioned features hold also for more advanced setups as e.g. a branching fault system, heterogeneous background stresses and bimaterial faults. The advanced geometrical flexibility combined with an enhanced accuracy will make the ADER-DG method a useful tool to study earthquake dynamics on complex fault systems in realistic rheologies. References: Harris, R.A., M. Barall, R. Archuleta, B. Aagaard, J.-P. Ampuero, H. Bhat, V. Cruz-Atienza, L. Dalguer, P. Dawson, S. Day, B. Duan, E. Dunham, G. Ely, Y. Kaneko, Y. Kase, N. Lapusta, Y. Liu, S. Ma, D. Oglesby, K. Olsen, A. Pitarka, S. Song, and E. Templeton, The SCEC/USGS Dynamic Earthquake Rupture Code Verification Exercise, Seismological Research Letters, vol. 80, no. 1, pages 119-126, 2009 Pelties, C., J. de la Puente, and M. Kaeser, Dynamic Rupture Modeling in Three Dimensions on Unstructured Meshes Using a Discontinuous Galerkin Method, AGU 2010 Fall Meeting, abstract #S21C-2068 Pelties, C., J. de la Puente, J.-P. Ampuero, G. Brietzke, and M. Kaeser, Three-Dimensional Dynamic Rupture Simulation with a High-order Discontinuous Galerkin Method on Unstructured Tetrahedral Meshes, JGR. - Solid Earth, VOL. 117, B02309, 2012

  6. Combined effect of CVR and penetration of DG in the voltage profile and losses of lowvoltage secondary distribution networks

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bokhari, Abdullah

    Demarcations between traditional distribution power systems and distributed generation (DG) architectures are increasingly evolving as higher DG penetration is introduced in the system. The concerns in existing electric power systems (EPSs) to accommodate less restrictive interconnection policies while maintaining reliability and performance of power delivery have been the major challenge for DG growth. In this dissertation, the work is aimed to study power quality, energy saving and losses in a low voltage distributed network under various DG penetration cases. Simulation platform suite that includes electric power system, distributed generation and ZIP load models is implemented to determine the impact of DGs on power system steady state performance and the voltage profile of the customers/loads in the network under the voltage reduction events. The investigation designed to test the DG impact on power system starting with one type of DG, then moves on multiple DG types distributed in a random case and realistic/balanced case. The functionality of the proposed DG interconnection is designed to meet the basic requirements imposed by the various interconnection standards, most notably IEEE 1547, public service commission, and local utility regulation. It is found that implementation of DGs on the low voltage secondary network would improve customer's voltage profile, system losses and significantly provide energy savings and economics for utilities. In a network populated with DGs, utility would have a uniform voltage profile at the customers end as the voltage profile becomes more concentrated around targeted voltage level. The study further reinforced the concept that the behavior of DG in distributed network would improve voltage regulation as certain percentage reduction on utility side would ensure uniform percentage reduction seen by all customers and reduce number of voltage violations.

  7. HiCoDG: A Hierarchical Data-Gathering Scheme Using Cooperative Multiple Mobile Elements †

    Science.gov (United States)

    Van Le, Duc; Oh, Hoon; Yoon, Seokhoon

    2014-01-01

    In this paper, we study mobile element (ME)-based data-gathering schemes in wireless sensor networks. Due to the physical speed limits of mobile elements, the existing data-gathering schemes that use mobile elements can suffer from high data-gathering latency. In order to address this problem, this paper proposes a new hierarchical and cooperative data-gathering (HiCoDG) scheme that enables multiple mobile elements to cooperate with each other to collect and relay data. In HiCoDG, two types of mobile elements are used: the mobile collector (MC) and the mobile relay (MR). MCs collect data from sensors and forward them to the MR, which will deliver them to the sink. In this work, we also formulated an integer linear programming (ILP) optimization problem to find the optimal trajectories for MCs and the MR, such that the traveling distance of MEs is minimized. Two variants of HiCoDG, intermediate station (IS)-based and cooperative movement scheduling (CMS)-based, are proposed to facilitate cooperative data forwarding from MCs to the MR. An analytical model for estimating the average data-gathering latency in HiCoDG was also designed. Simulations were performed to compare the performance of the IS and CMS variants, as well as a multiple traveling salesman problem (mTSP)-based approach. The simulation results show that HiCoDG outperforms mTSP in terms of latency. The results also show that CMS can achieve the lowest latency with low energy consumption. PMID:25526356

  8. Water reactor fuel research at the Joint Research Centre of the Commission of the European Union

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Markgraf, J [HFR Unit, Inst. for Advanced Materials, Petten (Netherlands)

    1997-12-01

    The JRC programmes 1995-1998 are in progress within 8 JRC Institutes located within different research centres situated in five member states of the European Union. Except for the area of reactor safety and waste management, there are no JRC research programmes related to water reactor fuel directly. However, the JRC is providing support on basis of contracts and cooperations to bilateral and international R and D programmes through access to its large test facilities like the High Flux Reactor at the JRC Petten and the hot cell facilities of the Transuranium Institute at the JRC Karlsruhe. Access is available to customers from all over the world. 3 tabs.

  9. Impaired neurogenesis of the dentate gyrus is associated with pattern separation deficits: A computational study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Faghihi, Faramarz; Moustafa, Ahmed A

    2016-09-01

    The separation of input patterns received from the entorhinal cortex (EC) by the dentate gyrus (DG) is a well-known critical step of information processing in the hippocampus. Although the role of interneurons in separation pattern efficiency of the DG has been theoretically known, the balance of neurogenesis of excitatory neurons and interneurons as well as its potential role in information processing in the DG is not fully understood. In this work, we study separation efficiency of the DG for different rates of neurogenesis of interneurons and excitatory neurons using a novel computational model in which we assume an increase in the synaptic efficacy between excitatory neurons and interneurons and then its decay over time. Information processing in the EC and DG was simulated as information flow in a two layer feed-forward neural network. The neurogenesis rate was modeled as the percentage of new born neurons added to the neuronal population in each time bin. The results show an important role of an optimal neurogenesis rate of interneurons and excitatory neurons in the DG in efficient separation of inputs from the EC in pattern separation tasks. The model predicts that any deviation of the optimal values of neurogenesis rates leads to different decreased levels of the separation deficits of the DG which influences its function to encode memory.

  10. Environmental organisations and the EC. Action options of environmental organisations for improving environmental consciousness and environmental policy in the European Community. Draft summary

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hey, C.; Brendle, U.

    1992-01-01

    A European-wide awakening of environmental organizations began in the middle of the eighties, about the same time as the political push for EC integration. The European work of the environmental organizations is at a turning point almost everywhere. Most organizations made important structural decisions in the last few years, and the speed of the change has been fast. The landscape of environment organizations is becoming more complex and certainly more politically important on a European level. This push for internationalization will certainly entail an inter-cultural learning process, which could lead to a 'European' identity in the mid-term. The various national condition for environmental organizations in Germany, Spain, Holland, Great Britain, and on a European level are compared here. (orig./DG)

  11. Exploiting the MODIS albedos with the Two-stream Inversion Package (JRC-TIP): 2. Fractions of transmitted and absorbed fluxes in the vegetation and soil layers

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pinty, B.; Clerici, M.; Andredakis, I.; Kaminski, T.; Taberner, M.; Verstraete, M. M.; Gobron, N.; Plummer, S.; Widlowski, J.-L.

    2011-05-01

    The two-stream model parameters and associated uncertainties retrieved by inversion against MODIS broadband visible and near-infrared white sky surface albedos were discussed in a companion paper. The present paper concentrates on the partitioning of the solar radiation fluxes delivered by the Joint Research Centre Two-stream Inversion Package (JRC-TIP). The estimation of the various flux fractions related to the vegetation and the background layers separately capitalizes on the probability density functions of the model parameters discussed in the companion paper. The propagation of uncertainties from the observations to the model parameters is achieved via the Hessian of the cost function and yields a covariance matrix of posterior parameter uncertainties. This matrix is propagated to the radiation fluxes via the model's Jacobian matrix of first derivatives. Results exhibit a rather good spatiotemporal consistency given that the prior values on the model parameters are not specified as a function of land cover type and/or vegetation phenological states. A specific investigation based on a scenario imposing stringent conditions of leaf absorbing and scattering properties highlights the impact of such constraints that are, as a matter of fact, currently adopted in vegetation index approaches. Special attention is also given to snow-covered and snow-contaminated areas since these regions encompass significant reflectance changes that strongly affect land surface processes. A definite asset of the JRC-TIP lies in its capability to control and ultimately relax a number of assumptions that are often implicit in traditional approaches. These features greatly help us understand the discrepancies between the different data sets of land surface properties and fluxes that are currently available. Through a series of selected examples, the inverse procedure implemented in the JRC-TIP is shown to be robust, reliable, and compliant with large-scale processing requirements

  12. Short circuit analysis of distribution system with integration of DG

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Su, Chi; Liu, Zhou; Chen, Zhe

    2014-01-01

    and as a result bring challenges to the network protection system. This problem has been frequently discussed in the literature, but mostly considering only the balanced fault situation. This paper presents an investigation on the influence of full converter based wind turbine (WT) integration on fault currents......Integration of distributed generation (DG) such as wind turbines into distribution system is increasing all around the world, because of the flexible and environmentally friendly characteristics. However, DG integration may change the pattern of the fault currents in the distribution system...... during both balanced and unbalanced faults. Major factors such as external grid short circuit power capacity, WT integration location, connection type of WT integration transformer are taken into account. In turn, the challenges brought to the protection system in the distribution network are presented...

  13. Studies on absorption of EC waves in assisted startup experiment on FTU

    Science.gov (United States)

    Granucci, G.; Ricci, D.; Farina, D.; Figini, L.; Iraji, D.; Tudisco, O.; Ramponi, G.; Bin, W.

    2012-09-01

    Assistance of EC wave for plasma breakdown and current ramp up is the proposed scenario for the ITER case, characterized by low toroidal electric field. The experimental results on many tokamaks clearly indicate the capabilities of the proposed scheme to have a robust breakdown in ITER. The key aspect of this technique is the EC power required, strongly related to the absorption of the wave in the initial stage of plasma formation. This aspect is generally neglected due to the diagnostics difficulties in the plasma formation phase. As a consequence a multi-pass absorption scheme is usually considered reasonable, leading to a strong absorption after many reflections on the walls. The present study exploits the high temporal and spatial resolution of the fast scanning interferometer of FTU together with the measure of residual power obtained by a sniffer probe. The absorbed EC power is calculated considering also the polarization rotation and the subsequent mode conversion after incidence on the internal wall and compared with that derived from experimental data. The resulting EC power distribution can explain differences observed between perpendicular and oblique injection results, indicating future investigations to define ITER power requirements.

  14. Studies on absorption of EC waves in assisted startup experiment on FTU

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ramponi G.

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Assistance of EC wave for plasma breakdown and current ramp up is the proposed scenario for the ITER case, characterized by low toroidal electric field. The experimental results on many tokamaks clearly indicate the capabilities of the proposed scheme to have a robust breakdown in ITER. The key aspect of this technique is the EC power required, strongly related to the absorption of the wave in the initial stage of plasma formation. This aspect is generally neglected due to the diagnostics difficulties in the plasma formation phase. As a consequence a multi-pass absorption scheme is usually considered reasonable, leading to a strong absorption after many reflections on the walls. The present study exploits the high temporal and spatial resolution of the fast scanning interferometer of FTU together with the measure of residual power obtained by a sniffer probe. The absorbed EC power is calculated considering also the polarization rotation and the subsequent mode conversion after incidence on the internal wall and compared with that derived from experimental data. The resulting EC power distribution can explain differences observed between perpendicular and oblique injection results, indicating future investigations to define ITER power requirements.

  15. Testing The Enhanced Data Authentication System (EDAS)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Thomas, M.; Baldwin, G.; Hymel, R.; Goncalves, J.G.M.; Dechamp, L.; ); Johnson, S.; Smejkal, A.; Linnebach, R.; Rue, M.

    2015-01-01

    The Enhanced Data Authentication System (EDAS) is a secure branching concept that provides a safeguards inspectorate a copy of measurement data from operator instrumentation. Both safeguards inspector and facility operator requirements for secure branching have been established in previous work. These dictated the design and development of EDAS hardware and software. This paper presents the test plan for the EDAS prototypes, which need to demonstrate performance against the identified requirements. Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), Directorate-General for Energy (DG-Energy) in Luxembourg, and the Joint Research Centre (JRC) in Ispra will each perform different tests on the EDAS prototypes. Sandia, the developer, will perform comprehensive testing of functionality, robustness, and reliability. The JRC, as an independent technical organization, will evaluate electrical safety and other environmental factors important to facility operator acceptance. The JRC is also able to simulate field trial conditions using equipment similar to what will be used in the field trial. DG-Energy will confirm the Sandia tests and also test the interface of the EDAS prototype to the RADAR data acquisition and analysis system used by the Euratom inspectorate. The EDAS prototypes will be tested in a comprehensive field trial at the Westinghouse Springfields facility in a collaboration between Euratom inspectors and the facility operator. The field trial will support barcode and weight measurements taken related to the movements of nuclear material items entering and exiting the facility. One EDAS prototype will branch barcode scanner data, while the other will branch facility weight scale data. The branched data will be sent securely to an inspector computer, accessible to a Euratom inspector for data analysis. The field trial will test operational factors and environmental conditions. A critical outcome will be to ascertain whether the inspectorate gains an accurate picture of the

  16. 18F-DG PET/CT in detection of recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    无

    2007-01-01

    AIM: To evaluate the value of 18F-DG PET/CT in detecting recurrence and/or metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS: Combined visual analysis with semiquantitative analysis, the 18F-DG PET/CT wholebody imaging results and the corresponding clinical data of 68 postoperative CRC patients including 48 male and 20 female with average age of 58.1 were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS: Recurrence and/or metastasis were confirmed in 56 patients in the clinical follow-up after the PET/CT imaging. The sensitivity of PET/CT diagnosis of CRC recurrence and/or metastasis was 94.6%, and the specificity was 83.3%. The positive predictive value (PPV)was 96.4% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 76.9%. PET/CT imaging detected one or more occult malignant lesions in 8 cases where abdominal/pelvic CT and/or ultrasonography showed negative findings, and also detected more lesions than CT or ultrasonography did in 30.4% (17/56) cases. Recurrence and/or metastasis was detected in 91.7% (22/24) cases with elevated serum CEA levels by 18F-DG PET/CT imaging.CONCLUSION: 18F-DG PET/CT could detect the recurrence and/or metastasis of CRC with high sensitivity and specificity.

  17. Design and simulation of a nanoelectronic DG MOSFET current source using artificial neural networks

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Djeffal, F.; Dibi, Z.; Hafiane, M.L.; Arar, D.

    2007-01-01

    The double gate (DG) MOSFET has received great attention in recent years owing to the inherent suppression of short channel effects (SCEs), excellent subthreshold slope (S), improved drive current (I ds ) and transconductance (gm), volume inversion for symmetric devices and excellent scalability. Therefore, simulation tools which can be applied to design nanoscale transistors in the future require new theory and modeling techniques that capture the physics of quantum transport accurately and efficiently. In this sense, this work presents the applicability of the artificial neural networks (ANN) for the design and simulation of a nanoelectronic DG MOSFET current source. The latter is based on the 2D numerical Non-Equilibrium Green's Function (NEGF) simulation of the current-voltage characteristics of an undoped symmetric DG MOSFET. Our results are discussed in order to obtain some new and useful information about the ULSI technology

  18. Molecular characterization and expression of DgZFP1, a gene ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    USER

    2010-04-12

    Apr 12, 2010 ... Full Length Research Paper. Molecular characterization and ... stem mainly done by removing the auxiliary flower buds. But cultivars as potted ... DgZFP1 by using the first strand cDNA of chrysanthemum as a template.

  19. Integration of IC/EC systems in ITER

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gassmann, T.; Beaumont, B.; Baruah, U.K.; Bonicelli, T.; Chiocchio, S.; Cox, D.; Darbos, C.; Decamps, H.; Denisov, G.; Henderson, M.; Kazarian, F.; Lamalle, P.U.; Mukherjee, A.; Rasmussen, D.; Saibene, G.; Sartori, R.; Sakamoto, K.; Tanga, A.

    2010-01-01

    The RF heating and current drive (H and CD) systems that are to be installed in ITER during the construction phase, are the electron cyclotron (EC) and ion cyclotron (IC) systems. They are complex assemblies of high voltage power supplies (HVPS), RF generators, transmission lines and antennas. Their design and integration are constrained by many interfaces, both internal, between the subsystems, and external, with the other ITER systems. In addition, some components must be compatible with a nuclear environment and are classified as Safety Important Component. This paper describes the processes implemented in ITER to ensure proper integration.

  20. Present status of R and D on nuclear forensics at JAEA

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kimura, Yoshiki; Sakurai, Satoshi; Sato, Kaneaki; Toda, Nobufumi; Shinoda, Yoshiharu; Okubo, Ayako; Magara, Masaaki; Watahiki, Masaru; Kuno, Yusuke

    2012-01-01

    The national statement made by the Japan Government at 2010 Nuclear Security Summit (Washington D.C., U.S.A.) was to develop its nuclear forensics detection and analysis technologies in a three-year period and to share them with the international community to contribute to strengthening the nuclear security regime. The Japan Atomic Energy Agency, the organization that possesses analytical capabilities with the potential to fulfill this nuclear forensics mission, started R and D on nuclear forensics technology from JFY 2011. The main areas of development are isotopic ratio analysis, impurity analysis, uranium age determination, etc. The cooperation with US-DOE and EC-JRC were also started to effectively promote the technical development. In the presentation reported will be progress in R and D to establish nuclear forensics analytical capabilities and international cooperation. (author)

  1. The shift of energy regulatory powers under the framework of Directive 2009/72/EC

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Grimm, N. S.

    2011-01-01

    The paper examines the powers of Member States' national regulatory authorities under the framework of Directive 2009/72/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009 concerning common rules for the internal market in electricity and repealing Directive 2003/54/EC (OJEU L 176/37) and analyses the implications of framework of Directive 2009/72/EC on the national laws of the Member States, in particular on the Austrian and German constitutional, administrative and energy laws. The Introductory Part gives a historical overview of the development of national energy regulators under European energy legislation. This Part shows that the national regulatory authorities attract increased attention and that their regulatory powers are on a constant rise. In order to understand the huge impact of the framework of Directive 2009/72/EC on the regulatory regimes of the Member States, this Part briefly examines the former and current powers of the national energy regulators under Austrian and German law. Part Two analyses whether the powers conferred upon national energy regulators under the framework of Directive 2009/72/EC have been enhanced in comparison to those established under the framework of Directive 2003/54/EC. The main focus lies thereby on the propositions made by the European Commission in its Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 2003/54/EC concerning common rules for the internal market in electricity (COM (2007) 528 final, 2.1) and laid down in Directive 2009/72/EC. Part Two comes to the conclusion that the powers of the national energy regulators under the framework of Directive 2009/72/EC have indeed been enhanced in comparison to former regime of Directive 2003/54/EC. Part Three demonstrates that the enhancement of national energy regulators' powers does not benefit the Member States. On the contrary, they lose considerable powers of control over their own national energy regulators. While

  2. Developmental regulation of ecdysone receptor (EcR and EcR-controlled gene expression during pharate-adult development of honeybees (Apis mellifera.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tathyana Rachel Palo Mello

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Major developmental transitions in multicellular organisms are driven by steroid hormones. In insects, these, together with juvenile hormone (JH, control development, metamorphosis, reproduction and aging, and are also suggested to play an important role in caste differentiation of social insects. Here, we aimed to determine how EcR transcription and ecdysteroid titers are related during honeybee postembryonic development and what may actually be the role of EcR in caste development of this social insect. In addition, we expected that knocking-down EcR gene expression would give us information on the participation of the respective protein in regulating downstream targets of EcR. We found that in Apis mellifera females, EcR-A is the predominantly expressed variant in postembryonic development, while EcR-B transcript levels are higher in embryos, indicating an early developmental switch in EcR function. During larval and pupal stages, EcR-B expression levels are very low, while EcR-A transcripts are more variable and abundant in workers compared to queens. Strikingly, these transcript levels are opposite to the ecdysteroid titer profile. 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E application experiments revealed that low 20E levels induce EcR expression during development, whereas high ecdysteroid titers seem to be repressive. By means of RNAi-mediated knockdown (KD of both EcR transcript variants we detected the differential expression of 234 poly-A+ transcripts encoding genes such as CYPs, MRJPs and certain hormone response genes (Kr-h1 and ftz-f1. EcR-KD also promoted the differential expression of 70 miRNAs, including highly conserved ones (e.g. miR-133 and miR-375, as well honeybee-specific ones (e.g. miR-3745 and miR-3761. Our results put in evidence a broad spectrum of EcR-controlled gene expression during postembryonic development of honeybees, revealing new facets of EcR biology in this social insect.

  3. International safeguards data management system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Argentesi, F.; Costantini, L.; Franklin, M.; Dondi, M.G.

    1981-01-01

    The data base management system ''ISADAM'' (i.e. International Safeguards Data Management System) described in this report is intended to facilitate the safeguards authority in making efficient and effective use of accounting reports. ISADAM has been developed using the ADABAS data base management system and is implemented on the JRC-Ispra computer. The evaluation of safeguards declarations focuses on three main objectives: - the requirement of syntactical consistency with the legal conventions of data recording for safeguards accountancy; - the requirement of accounting evidence that there is no material unaccounted for (MUF); - the requirement of semantic consistency with the technological characteristics of the plant and the processing plans of the operator. Section 2 describes in more detail the facilities which ISADAM makes available to a safeguards inspector. Section 3 describes how the MUF variance computation is derived from models of measurement error propagation. Many features of the ISADAM system are automatically provided by ADABAS. The exceptions to this are the utility software designed to: - screen plant declarations before loading into the data base, - prepare variance summary files designed to support real-time computation of MUF and variance of MUF, - provide analyses in response to user requests in interactive or batch mode. Section 4 describes the structure and functions of this software which have been developed by JRC-Ispra

  4. EC6 safety design improvements

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yu, S.; Lee, A.G.; Soulard, M. [Candu Energy Inc., Mississauga, ON (Canada)

    2014-07-01

    The Enhanced CANDU 6 (EC6) builds on the proven high performance design such as the Qinshan CANDU 6 reactor, and has made improvements to safety, operational performance, and has incorporated extensive operational feedback. Completion of all three phases of the pre-licensing design review by the Canadian Regulator - the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission has provided a higher level of assurance that the EC6 reference design has taken modern regulatory requirements and expectations into account and further confirmed that there are no fundamental barriers to licensing the EC6 design in Canada. The EC6 design is based on the defence-in-depth principles in INSAG-10 and provides further safety features that address the lessons learned from Fukushima. With these safety features, the EC6 design has strengthened accident prevention as the first priority in the defence-in-depth strategy, as outlined in INSAG-10. As well, the EC6 design has incorporated further mitigation measures to provide additional protection of the public and the environment if the preventive measures fail. The EC6 design has an appropriate combination of inherent, passive safety characteristics, engineered features and administrative safety measures to effectively prevent and mitigate severe accident progressions. A strong contributor to the robustness and redundancy of CANDU design is the two-group separation philosophy. This ensures a high degree of independence between safety systems as well as physical separation and functional independence in how fundamental safety functions are provided. This paper will describe the following safety features based on the application of defence-in-depth and design approach to prevent beyond design basis events progressing to severe accidents and to mitigate the consequences if it occurs: Improved steam generator heat sink via a more reliable emergency heat removal system; Increased time before manual field actions are required via enhanced capacity of

  5. Effect of Multi-DG Installation to Loss Reduction in Distribution System

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nur Zahirah Mohd Ali

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Since last decade, Artificial Intelligence (AI methods have been used to solve complex DG problems because in most cases, they can provide global or near global solution. The major advantage of the AI methods is that they are relatively versatile for handling various qualitative constraints. AI methods mainly include Artificial Neural Network (ANN, Expert System (ES, Genetic Algorithm (GA, Evolutionary Programming (EP, Ant Colony Optimization (ACO and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO. The purpose of this paper is to present a new technique, namely Adaptive Embedded Clonal Evolutionary Programming (AECEP. The objective of the study is to employ AECEP optimization techniques for loss minimization. This technique was developed to optimally determine the location and sizing of DG. The IEEE 41- Bus RTS was implemented for testing several cases in terms of loading conditions.

  6. Directive 96/ EC of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, as of 25 July 1996, announcing their common regulations for the EU internal electricity market

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1996-01-01

    The supplement to this issue of the journal, RdE 5/96, presents the German version of the full authentic text of the EU Directive 96/EC. This Directive lays down the regulations applicable within the EU, relating to electric power generation, transmission, and distribution in the EU internal electricity sector, as well as access to the internal market, criteria and procedures for bids and tenders, granting of license, and network operation. The text is also accessible under the following www address: http://www.heymanns.com. (orig./CB) [de

  7. On the use of kinetic energy preserving DG-schemes for large eddy simulation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Flad, David; Gassner, Gregor

    2017-12-01

    Recently, element based high order methods such as Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods and the closely related flux reconstruction (FR) schemes have become popular for compressible large eddy simulation (LES). Element based high order methods with Riemann solver based interface numerical flux functions offer an interesting dispersion dissipation behavior for multi-scale problems: dispersion errors are very low for a broad range of scales, while dissipation errors are very low for well resolved scales and are very high for scales close to the Nyquist cutoff. In some sense, the inherent numerical dissipation caused by the interface Riemann solver acts as a filter of high frequency solution components. This observation motivates the trend that element based high order methods with Riemann solvers are used without an explicit LES model added. Only the high frequency type inherent dissipation caused by the Riemann solver at the element interfaces is used to account for the missing sub-grid scale dissipation. Due to under-resolution of vortical dominated structures typical for LES type setups, element based high order methods suffer from stability issues caused by aliasing errors of the non-linear flux terms. A very common strategy to fight these aliasing issues (and instabilities) is so-called polynomial de-aliasing, where interpolation is exchanged with projection based on an increased number of quadrature points. In this paper, we start with this common no-model or implicit LES (iLES) DG approach with polynomial de-aliasing and Riemann solver dissipation and review its capabilities and limitations. We find that the strategy gives excellent results, but only when the resolution is such, that about 40% of the dissipation is resolved. For more realistic, coarser resolutions used in classical LES e.g. of industrial applications, the iLES DG strategy becomes quite inaccurate. We show that there is no obvious fix to this strategy, as adding for instance a sub

  8. The EC-ASEAN COGEN programme

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Pennington, M.; Lacrosse, L. [Asian Institute of Technology (Thailand); Schenkel, Y. [Centre de Recherches Agronomiques (Belgium)

    1996-12-31

    The EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme is a co-operation programme between the European Commission (EC) and the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) co-ordinated by the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Bangkok, Thailand. Its aim is to accelerate the implementation of proven technologies generating heat and/or power from wood and agroindustrial residues through partnerships between European and ASEAN companies. (orig.)

  9. The EC-ASEAN COGEN programme

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Pennington, M; Lacrosse, L [Asian Institute of Technology (Thailand); Schenkel, Y [Centre de Recherches Agronomiques (Belgium)

    1997-12-31

    The EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme is a co-operation programme between the European Commission (EC) and the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) co-ordinated by the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Bangkok, Thailand. Its aim is to accelerate the implementation of proven technologies generating heat and/or power from wood and agroindustrial residues through partnerships between European and ASEAN companies. (orig.)

  10. Evaluation of the size segregation of elemental carbon (EC emission in Europe: influence on the simulation of EC long-range transportation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Y. Chen

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available Elemental Carbon (EC has a significant impact on human health and climate change. In order to evaluate the size segregation of EC emission in the EUCAARI inventory and investigate its influence on the simulation of EC long-range transportation in Europe, we used the fully coupled online Weather Research and Forecasting/Chemistry model (WRF-Chem at a resolution of 2 km focusing on a region in Germany, in conjunction with a high-resolution EC emission inventory. The ground meteorology conditions, vertical structure and wind pattern were well reproduced by the model. The simulations of particle number and/or mass size distributions were evaluated with observations at the central European background site Melpitz. The fine mode particle concentration was reasonably well simulated, but the coarse mode was substantially overestimated by the model mainly due to the plume with high EC concentration in coarse mode emitted by a nearby point source. The comparisons between simulated EC and Multi-angle Absorption Photometers (MAAP measurements at Melpitz, Leipzig-TROPOS and Bösel indicated that the coarse mode EC (ECc emitted from the nearby point sources might be overestimated by a factor of 2–10. The fraction of ECc was overestimated in the emission inventory by about 10–30 % for Russia and 5–10 % for Eastern Europe (e.g., Poland and Belarus. This incorrect size-dependent EC emission results in a shorter atmospheric life time of EC particles and inhibits the long-range transport of EC. A case study showed that this effect caused an underestimation of 20–40 % in the EC mass concentration in Germany under eastern wind pattern.

  11. Laminar activity in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex related to novelty and episodic encoding

    Science.gov (United States)

    Maass, Anne; Schütze, Hartmut; Speck, Oliver; Yonelinas, Andrew; Tempelmann, Claus; Heinze, Hans-Jochen; Berron, David; Cardenas-Blanco, Arturo; Brodersen, Kay H.; Enno Stephan, Klaas; Düzel, Emrah

    2014-01-01

    The ability to form long-term memories for novel events depends on information processing within the hippocampus (HC) and entorhinal cortex (EC). The HC–EC circuitry shows a quantitative segregation of anatomical directionality into different neuronal layers. Whereas superficial EC layers mainly project to dentate gyrus (DG), CA3 and apical CA1 layers, HC output is primarily sent from pyramidal CA1 layers and subiculum to deep EC layers. Here we utilize this directionality information by measuring encoding activity within HC/EC subregions with 7 T high resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Multivariate Bayes decoding within HC/EC subregions shows that processing of novel information most strongly engages the input structures (superficial EC and DG/CA2–3), whereas subsequent memory is more dependent on activation of output regions (deep EC and pyramidal CA1). This suggests that while novelty processing is strongly related to HC–EC input pathways, the memory fate of a novel stimulus depends more on HC–EC output. PMID:25424131

  12. A new evolutionary solution method for dynamic expansion planning of DG-integrated primary distribution networks

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ahmadigorji, Masoud; Amjady, Nima

    2014-01-01

    Highlights: • A new dynamic distribution network expansion planning model is presented. • A Binary Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization (BEPSO) algorithm is proposed. • A Modified Differential Evolution (MDE) algorithm is proposed. • A new bi-level optimization approach composed of BEPSO and MDE is presented. • The effectiveness of the proposed optimization approach is extensively illustrated. - Abstract: Reconstruction in the power system and appearing of new technologies for generation capacity of electrical energy has led to significant innovation in Distribution Network Expansion Planning (DNEP). Distributed Generation (DG) includes the application of small/medium generation units located in power distribution networks and/or near the load centers. Appropriate utilization of DG can affect the various technical and operational indices of the distribution network such as the feeder loading, energy losses and voltage profile. In addition, application of DG in proper size is an essential tool to achieve the DG maximum potential benefits. In this paper, a time-based (dynamic) model for DNEP is proposed to determine the optimal size, location and installation year of DG in distribution system. Also, in this model, the Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is exerted to determine the optimal generation of DGs for every potential solution in order to minimize the investment and operation costs following the load growth in a specified planning period. Besides, the reinforcement requirements of existing distribution feeders are considered, simultaneously. The proposed optimization problem is solved by the combination of evolutionary methods of a new Binary Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization (BEPSO) and Modified Differential Evolution (MDE) to find the optimal expansion strategy and solve OPF, respectively. The proposed planning approach is applied to two typical primary distribution networks and compared with several other methods. These comparisons illustrate the

  13. Results of the CEO Project - WWW Management

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Hazewinkel, Harrie; van Hengstum, Eric; Pras, Aiko

    1996-01-01

    This report contains the result of a ‘proof of concept’ study that was performed by the CTIT of the University of Twente, together with ESYS Limited (Guildford, UK) for the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the EC (Ispra, Italy). The study is part of the

  14. Accident Damage Analysis Module (ADAM) – Technical Guidance, Software tool for Consequence Analysis calculations

    OpenAIRE

    FABBRI LUCIANO; BINDA MASSIMO; BRUINEN DE BRUIN YURI

    2017-01-01

    This report provides a technical description of the modelling and assumptions of the Accident Damage Analysis Module (ADAM) software application, which has been recently developed by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission (EC) to assess physical effects of an industrial accident resulting from an unintended release of a dangerous substance

  15. DOMAIN DECOMPOSITION FOR POROELASTICITY AND ELASTICITY WITH DG JUMPS AND MORTARS

    KAUST Repository

    GIRAULT, V.; PENCHEVA, G.; WHEELER, M. F.; WILDEY, T.

    2011-01-01

    by introducing DG jumps and mortars. The unknowns are condensed on the interface, so that at each time step, the computation in each subdomain can be performed in parallel. In addition, by extrapolating the displacement, we present an algorithm where

  16. Effect of grid disturbances on fault-ride-through behaviour of MV-connected DG-units, in especially CHP-plants

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Coster, E.J.; Myrzik, J.M.A.; Kling, W.L.

    2009-01-01

    In the near future a significant amount of the consumed electrical energy will be generated by distributed generation (DG). Because of the small size these units are normally connected to the local distribution grid [1]. Connection of DG changes the operation of the distribution grid. In order to

  17. Dual EC : a standardized back door

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Bernstein, D.J.; Lange, T.; Niederhagen, R.F.

    2015-01-01

    Dual EC is an algorithm to compute pseudorandom numbers starting from some random input. Dual EC was standardized by NIST, ANSI, and ISO among other algorithms to generate pseudorandom numbers. For a long time this algorithm was considered suspicious -- the entity designing the algorithm could have

  18. EC law relating to legal and technical aspects of natural gas and water supply. EC legal provisions for internal market harmonization of the regime of product specification and standardization, and their unification with German law. EG-Recht der Gas- und Wasserversorgungstechnik. Regelungen der Europaeischen Gemeinschaft zur Harmonisierung der Produktanforderungen und ihre Umsetzung in deutsches Recht

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rienen, W. van; Wasser, U.

    1999-01-01

    This new publication presents an analysis of the relevant EC legislation and standards and its impacts for the German industrial branches resulting from implementation in German national law. It is an invaluable source of reference for the German natural gas industry and the water supply sector, as well as licensing and supervisory bodies. The book contains comprehensive information on all aspects of interest to public authorities, marketers and manufacturers, presenting the material in a systematic framework based on EC law and in a way designed to help finding the answers arising in practice. As for example: EU directives and regulatory guides relating to the products of interest (certification, standards); obligations and liabilities of those responsible for manufacture, marketing, installation and application of products; general principles of EC law to be observed in addition to regulatory guides; scope of discretion remaining for the German legislator in implementation of the law; resulting modification of duties and scope for action of the competent public authorities; availability of domestic and EC judicial remedies; how to prevent risks and exploit the rights offered by the law so as to be as successful as possible in the deregulated internal market; novel strategies opened up or called for by the novel legal instruments. (orig./CB)

  19. Programming Amazon EC2

    CERN Document Server

    Vliet, Jurg

    2011-01-01

    If you plan to use Amazon Web Services to run applications in the cloud, the end-to-end approach in this book will save you needless trial and error. You'll find practical guidelines for designing and building applications with Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) and a host of supporting AWS tools, with a focus on critical issues such as load balancing, monitoring, and automation. How do you move an existing application to AWS, or design your application so that it scales effectively? How much storage will you require? Programming Amazon EC2 not only helps you get started, it will also keep y

  20. Path Searching Based Fault Automated Recovery Scheme for Distribution Grid with DG

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xia, Lin; Qun, Wang; Hui, Xue; Simeng, Zhu

    2016-12-01

    Applying the method of path searching based on distribution network topology in setting software has a good effect, and the path searching method containing DG power source is also applicable to the automatic generation and division of planned islands after the fault. This paper applies path searching algorithm in the automatic division of planned islands after faults: starting from the switch of fault isolation, ending in each power source, and according to the line load that the searching path traverses and the load integrated by important optimized searching path, forming optimized division scheme of planned islands that uses each DG as power source and is balanced to local important load. Finally, COBASE software and distribution network automation software applied are used to illustrate the effectiveness of the realization of such automatic restoration program.

  1. Evaluation of the size segregation of elemental carbon (EC) emission in Europe: Influence on the simulation of EC long-range transportation

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Chen, Y.; Cheng, Y.F.; Nordmann, S.; Birmili, W.; Denier Van Der Gon, H.A.C.; Ma, N.; Wolke, R.; Wehner, B.; Sun, J.; Spindler, G.; Mu, Q.; Pöschl, U.; Su, H.; Wiedensohler, A.

    2016-01-01

    Elemental Carbon (EC) has a significant impact on human health and climate change. In order to evaluate the size segregation of EC emission in the EUCAARI inventory and investigate its influence on the simulation of EC long-range transportation in Europe, we used the fully coupled online Weather

  2. Factual material data banks: CEC Workshop, JRC Petten, November 14-16, 1984

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kroeckel, H; Reynard, K; Steven, G

    1985-01-01

    The CEC Workshop on Factual Materials Data Banks was held at JRC Petten, The Netherlands, on November 14-16, 1984. The workshop was limited to consideration of data bases of machine-readable, factual data on technically relevant properties of engineering materials. Its objectives were to: review with the aid of demonstrations, the present status and availability of materials data bases in Europe; compare these with the experience of those in other countries; define aims for a cooperative approach to integration in the CEC, taking advantage of the discussions which have taken place on a similar approach in other countries; and recommend and assign priorities as to how the CEC structures, means of action and funding should be used to produce timely, practical and effective results. The importance of materials data and information systems were reviewed and summary papers on the situation in the UK, France, Germany, Japan and the USA were given. Recommendations under the following eleven headings have been gathered from the findings of the group discussions and plenary sessions: Directory of Data Information Sources; Improving Awareness; Multilingual Dictionary of Technical Terms and Definitions; Defining a European System; Guidelines for the Functional Specification of Software and ''Standards'' for Uniformity and User Friendliness in Access; Demonstrator Program; Analysis of Economic and Cost-benefit Aspects; Strategy for Coping with a Variety of User Needs; Educational Aspects; Confidentiality and Restrictions on Data Access; and Standardization of Test Methods and Test Result Presentation.

  3. Differential uptake of FDG and DG during post-ischaemic reperfusion in the isolated, perfused rat heart

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Garlick, P.B.; Medina, R.A.; Southworth, R.; Marsden, P.K. [Department of Radiological Sciences, Guy' s, King' s and St. Thomas' School of Medicine, London (United Kingdom)

    1999-10-01

    Fluorine-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) and 2-deoxyglucose (DG) are widely used as tracers of glucose uptake in the myocardium. Although there is agreement that the two analogues behave similarly to glucose under control conditions, there is growing evidence that some interventions (e.g. insulin stimulation or ischaemia/reperfusion) cause differential changes in their behaviour. The addition of a two-surface coil nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probe and a dual-perfusion cannula to our recently developed PET and NMR dual-acquisition (PANDA) system allows us to collect PET (FDG) images and phosphorus-31 NMR (2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate) spectra simultaneously from each independently perfused coronary bed of the heart. We have used this technique to study the effect of regional ischaemia/reperfusion on FDG and DG uptake in the isolated, perfused rat heart. During control perfusion, FDG uptake was almost identical in both coronary beds. When one coronary bed was made ischaemic, FDG uptake ceased on that side but continued on the control side. Reperfusion failed to restore FDG uptake. In contrast, NMR spectra showed that, during reperfusion, the uptake and phosphorylation of DG did not differ between the two coronary beds. The results thus demonstrate that regional myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion has different effects on the uptake of FDG and DG in the isolated, perfused rat heart. (orig.)

  4. Differential uptake of FDG and DG during post-ischaemic reperfusion in the isolated, perfused rat heart

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Garlick, P.B.; Medina, R.A.; Southworth, R.; Marsden, P.K.

    1999-01-01

    Fluorine-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) and 2-deoxyglucose (DG) are widely used as tracers of glucose uptake in the myocardium. Although there is agreement that the two analogues behave similarly to glucose under control conditions, there is growing evidence that some interventions (e.g. insulin stimulation or ischaemia/reperfusion) cause differential changes in their behaviour. The addition of a two-surface coil nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probe and a dual-perfusion cannula to our recently developed PET and NMR dual-acquisition (PANDA) system allows us to collect PET (FDG) images and phosphorus-31 NMR (2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate) spectra simultaneously from each independently perfused coronary bed of the heart. We have used this technique to study the effect of regional ischaemia/reperfusion on FDG and DG uptake in the isolated, perfused rat heart. During control perfusion, FDG uptake was almost identical in both coronary beds. When one coronary bed was made ischaemic, FDG uptake ceased on that side but continued on the control side. Reperfusion failed to restore FDG uptake. In contrast, NMR spectra showed that, during reperfusion, the uptake and phosphorylation of DG did not differ between the two coronary beds. The results thus demonstrate that regional myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion has different effects on the uptake of FDG and DG in the isolated, perfused rat heart. (orig.)

  5. Multi-objective PSO based optimal placement of solar power DG in radial distribution system

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mahesh Kumar

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available Ever increasing trend of electricity demand, fossil fuel depletion and environmental issues request the integration of renewable energy into the distribution system. The optimal planning of renewable distributed generation (DG is much essential for ensuring maximum benefits. Hence, this paper proposes the optimal placement of probabilistic based solar power DG into the distribution system. The two objective functions such as power loss reduction and voltage stability index improvement are optimized. The power balance and voltage limits are kept as constraints of the problem. The non-sorting pare to-front based multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO technique is proposed on standard IEEE 33 radial distribution test system.

  6. Probabilistic safety assessment; actions and priorities in the EC-frame

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Amendola, A.; Mancini, G.; Volta, G.

    1987-01-01

    An overview is given of PSA research activities at the JRC and through shared cost actions with national laboratories under the nuclear reactor safety and major hazards of industrial installations programmes. These activities are directed towards the development of methods for PSA, the validation methods and the setting up of appropriate data bases. PSA is also directly or indirectly an emerging theme for the coordination activities in the area of nuclear safety criteria and safety objectives. Finally probabilistic techniques being increasing by being used for safety and reliability in various industrial sectors the CEC supported the preparation and setting up of a European Safety and Reliability Association that carries different types of actions. (orig.)

  7. The EC discourse on vocational training

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Cort, Pia

    2009-01-01

    This article traces the EC vocational training policy historically and describes the discursive alignments which brought the policy from a ‘common vocational training policy' as laid down in Article 128, in the Treaty of Rome to the Lisbon Lifelong Learning strategy. The argument is that vocational...... EC vocational training policy (Ball, What is policy? Texts, trajectories and toolboxes. Discourse, 13(2), 1993)....

  8. The International Reference Ionosphere 2012 – a model of international collaboration

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Bilitza, D.; Altadill, D.; Zhang, Y.; Mertens, Ch.; Truhlík, Vladimír; Richards, P.; McKinnell, L.- A.; Reinisch, B.

    2014-01-01

    Roč. 4, 20 February (2014), A07/1-A07/12 ISSN 2115-7251 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) LH11123 Institutional support: RVO:68378289 Keywords : International Reference Ionosphere * empirical models * plasma parameters * real - time IRI Subject RIV: DG - Athmosphere Sciences, Meteorology Impact factor: 2.558, year: 2014 http://www.swsc-journal.org/articles/swsc/abs/2014/01/swsc130043/swsc130043.html

  9. Comparative Analysis of Doppler Guided Hemorrhoidal Artery Ligation (DG-HAL) & Infrared Coagulation (IRC) in Management of Hemorrhoids.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ahmad, Arshad; Kant, Rama; Gupta, Avneet

    2013-08-01

    Both Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation (DG-HAL) and infrared coagulation (IRC) are well-established techniques in the management of hemorrhoids. The aim of the study is to compare the clinical outcomes of DG-HAL and IRC in the patients with grade 1 and 2 hemorrhoids. A total of 296 patients were registered for the study, but 51 patients were lost in follow-up; hence, finally 245 patients were included in the analysis. Patients were randomized into two groups (mean age, 42 years; range, 19-60 years). Group A (n = 116) was treated with DG-HAL and group B (n = 129) was treated with IRC. Patients were examined at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months after the procedure. Mean time taken for HAL was 21 min and for IRC, 12 min. The cost of the DG-HAL procedure was 1,440 rupees ($31.53) and that of IRC was 376 rupees ($8). The mean duration of hospital stay after HAL was 6 h and after IRC, 2 h. Control of symptoms with HAL was 96 %, whereas with IRC, 81 %. Postoperative complication rate for HAL was 2 %, whereas for IRC, 13 %. Requirement of repeat procedure with HAL was 9 % and with IRC, 28 %. Both the procedures are minimally invasive, associated with minimal discomfort, and suitable for day care surgery. IRC requires lesser procedure time, lesser postoperative hospital stay, and has lower procedure cost, whereas DG-HAL is more effective in controlling symptoms of hemorrhoids, has lower post operative complication rate, and has lesser requirement of repeat procedure.

  10. Finite impulse testing (FIT) system for Emergency Cooling System (ECS) in Dhruva

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Punekar, Parag; Ramkumar, N.; Kulkarni, U.S.; Darbhea, M.D.; Bharadhwaj, G; Jangra, L.R.; Geetha, Patil; Das, Shantanu; Sonnis, S.T.; Trevedi, P.; Patil, M.B.; Biswas, B.B.

    2006-01-01

    Finite Impulse Testing (FIT) system for Emergency Cooling System (ECS) is used to check healthiness of ECS logic circuits in an online mode. The ECS is an important safety system that ensures the cooling of reactor core during shutdown state of Main Coolant Pumps (MCPs), and hence FIT-ECS that monitors the health of ECS logic circuits in an online (real time) mode is an important part of it. Based on a Safety Related Unusual Occurrence in ECS system due to the malfunction of its earlier single channel FIT system, the new FIT-ECS system has been designed with new features and is commissioned. The FIT-ECS system feeds the simulated input signals (fine impulses of nominal width 575 μS) to the ECS logic circuits and read the outputs. These output (predicted) signals from ECS logic circuit are processed in the FIT-ECS system and in event of any discrepancy, the FIT-ECS system displays fault signature on local panel, detailed information of the fault on Operator Console (OC), and generates an alarm 'ECS logic Fail' in the control room. FIT-ECS also monitors the inputs and outputs of ECS logic circuit. All the information required is stored as a database that can be subsequently displayed in various formats. ECS system is designated as Category I-A system and is a hardwired system and FIT-ECS monitors the healthiness of the logics of the ECS System is a computerized system. As per IEC 1226, FIT-ECS is categorized as Category I-B system. This paper provides technical information on FIT-ECS system design, its important features, the testing carried on the FIT-ECS system, interconnections of FIT-ECS and ECS and the commissioning experience of FIT-ECS system. (author)

  11. International trade with electric power

    OpenAIRE

    Årdal, Frode

    2009-01-01

    In 2003 the European Commission introduced the Directive 2003/54/EC and Regulation 1228/2003/EC which increased the focus on the liberalization of the European electricity market. The international electricity trade has increased and created new challenges related to cross-border transmission and compensation mechanisms. The focus of the report has been to discuss the development of the electricity market in Europe, and the status of international exchange. The report also discusses the con...

  12. Translation, data quality, reliability, validity and responsiveness of the Norwegian version of the Effective Musculoskeletal Consumer Scale (EC-17

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kristjansson Elizabeth

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background The Effective Musculoskeletal Consumer Scale (EC-17 is a self-administered questionnaire for evaluating self-management interventions that empower and educate people with rheumatic conditions. The aim of the study was to translate and evaluate the Norwegian version of EC-17 against the necessary criteria for a patient-reported outcome measure, including responsiveness to change. Methods Data quality, reliability, validity and responsiveness were assessed in two groups. One group comprising 103 patients received a questionnaire before and at the end of a self-management programme. The second group comprising 96 patients' received the questionnaire two weeks before and on arrival of the program. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were assessed. Construct validity was assessed through comparisons with the Brief Approach/Avoidance Coping Questionnaire, (BACQ, the Emotional Approach Coping Scale (EAC and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-20. Responsiveness was assessed with the Standardised Response Mean (SRM. Results Respondents included 66 (64% and 52 (54% patients from the first and second groups respectively. Levels of missing data were low for all items. There was good evidence for unidimensionality, item-total correlations ranged from 0.59 to 0.82 and Cronbach's Alpha and test-retest correlations were over 0.90. As hypothesised EC-17 scores had statistically significant low to moderate correlations with the BACQ, EAC and GHQ-20 in the range 0.26 to 0.42. Following the self-management program, EC-17 scores showed a significant improvement with an SRM of 0.48. Conclusion The Norwegian version of the EC-17 has evidence for data quality, internal consistency and test-retest reliability, construct validity and responsiveness to change. The EC-17 seems promising as an outcome measure for evaluating self-management interventions for people with rheumatic conditions, but further studies are needed.

  13. Translation, data quality, reliability, validity and responsiveness of the Norwegian version of the Effective Musculoskeletal Consumer Scale (EC-17).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hamnes, Bente; Garratt, Andrew; Kjeken, Ingvild; Kristjansson, Elizabeth; Hagen, Kåre B

    2010-01-29

    The Effective Musculoskeletal Consumer Scale (EC-17) is a self-administered questionnaire for evaluating self-management interventions that empower and educate people with rheumatic conditions. The aim of the study was to translate and evaluate the Norwegian version of EC-17 against the necessary criteria for a patient-reported outcome measure, including responsiveness to change. Data quality, reliability, validity and responsiveness were assessed in two groups. One group comprising 103 patients received a questionnaire before and at the end of a self-management programme. The second group comprising 96 patients' received the questionnaire two weeks before and on arrival of the program. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were assessed. Construct validity was assessed through comparisons with the Brief Approach/Avoidance Coping Questionnaire, (BACQ), the Emotional Approach Coping Scale (EAC) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-20). Responsiveness was assessed with the Standardised Response Mean (SRM). Respondents included 66 (64%) and 52 (54%) patients from the first and second groups respectively. Levels of missing data were low for all items. There was good evidence for unidimensionality, item-total correlations ranged from 0.59 to 0.82 and Cronbach's Alpha and test-retest correlations were over 0.90. As hypothesised EC-17 scores had statistically significant low to moderate correlations with the BACQ, EAC and GHQ-20 in the range 0.26 to 0.42. Following the self-management program, EC-17 scores showed a significant improvement with an SRM of 0.48. The Norwegian version of the EC-17 has evidence for data quality, internal consistency and test-retest reliability, construct validity and responsiveness to change. The EC-17 seems promising as an outcome measure for evaluating self-management interventions for people with rheumatic conditions, but further studies are needed.

  14. Laser surface treatment of S235JRC carbon steel with Co{sub 2}B nanocrystals

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Simsek, Tuncay [Hacettepe Univ., Ankara (Turkey). Dept. of Physics Engineering; Baris, Mustafa [Eti Maden Works General Management, Ankara (Turkey). Dept. of Technology Development; Akkurt, Adnan [Gazi Univ., Ankara (Turkey). Dept. of Industrial Design Engineering

    2017-06-15

    In this study, Co{sub 2}B nanocrystals, which were synthesized in a planetary type mill by using the mechanochemical method, were pre-coated on the surface of S235JRC low carbon steel substrates, and then the surfaces were clad using a CO{sub 2} laser. In the experiments, laser scan speed was kept constant and laser power was specified as the variable parameter. The microstructure and phases of the coatings were investigated by using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and optical microscopy. The mechanical properties of the coatings were characterized using micro-hardness, ball-on-disc wear, and scratch testing. The thickness of the coatings depending on the laser power was measured in the range 35-71 μm. The hardness and the wear resistance of the coatings were approximately 3 times higher compared to the base metal due to FeN{sub 0.0760}, Fe{sub 15.1}C, FeCo, and B{sub 2}C{sub 5}N{sub 2} phases of the coatings. The most durable coatings against wear were obtained at 174 W and 220 W laser powers.

  15. Everyone talk about EC technology - What's about this technology? AC versus AC technology; Alle reden von EC-Technologie - was bringt sie wirklich? AC- versus EC-Motorentechnik

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Anon.

    2010-12-15

    Meanwhile, the EC motor technology is the state of the art in fans. In the consciousness of a possible energy conservation, the EC motor technology is demanded to a large extent with the new installations of the customers. But how high are the possible savings actually? A comparative measurement at a condenser of Guentner AG (Fuerstenfeldbruck, Federal Republic of Germany) supports information.

  16. Top-down workforce demand extrapolation based on an EC energy road-map scenario

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Roelofs, F.; Von Estorff, U.

    2014-01-01

    The EHRO-N team of JRC-IET provides the EC with essential data related to supply and demand for nuclear experts based on bottom-up information from the nuclear industry. The current paper deals with an alternative approach to derive figures for the demand side information of the nuclear workforce. Complementary to the bottom-up approach, a top-down modelling approach extrapolation of an EC Energy road-map nuclear energy demand scenario is followed here in addition to the survey information. In this top-down modelling approach, the number of nuclear power plants that are in operation and under construction is derived as a function of time from 2010 up to 2050 assuming that the current reactor park will be replaced by generic third generation reactors of 1400 MWe or 1000 MWe. Depending on the size of new build reactors, the analysis shows the number of new reactors required to fulfil the demand for nuclear energy. Based on workforce models for operation and construction of nuclear power plants, the model allows an extrapolation of these respective work-forces. Using the nuclear skills pyramid, the total workforce employed at a plant is broken down in a nuclear (experts), nuclearized, and nuclear aware workforce. With retirement profiles for nuclear power plants derived from the bottom-up EHRO-N survey, the replacement of the current workforce is taken into account. The peak of the new workforce (partly replacing the retiring workforce and additionally keeping up with the growing total workforce demand) for nuclear experts and nuclearized employees is to be expected at the end of the considered period (2050). However, the peak workforce for nuclear aware employees is to be expected around 2020. When comparing to historical data for the nuclear capacity being installed at the same time in Europe, it is clear that the expected future capacity to be installed at the same time in Europe is significantly lower (factor of 2) than in the early 1980's. However, it should

  17. Contribution of the JRC to test and validate innovation systems for earthquake protection and control of vibration of structures

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Renda, Vito

    2002-01-01

    The mission of JRC is to provide scientific and technical support for the conception, development and monitoring of EU policies. The task of IPSC is to provide cyber-security and fight against the fraud; natural, technological and economic risks; humanitarian security, non-proliferation and nuclear safeguards. The Structural mechanics laboratory supplies pseudo-dynamic testing of full/large scale models and structures. Earthquake simulation is provided by two complementary approaches: shaking table, and reaction wall. The main objectives of the large scale testing are: to calibrate analytical models suitable for different classes of structures; to validate rules of norms and standards; and to contribute to the development of innovative technologies for the protection of structures of both civil and architectural interest. Seismic isolation program deals with validation of the pseudo-dynamic method for testing large models of base isolated structures

  18. Stopping the greenhouse effect - recommendations submitted by the Bundestag Enquete Commission

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bach, W.

    1991-01-01

    Details are given about the factors which influence the greenhouse effect and about the impact of the greenhouse effect on the climate. The strategy developed by the enquete commission for the Federal Republic of Germany is essentially based on the international and the EC recommendations for stopping the additional greenhouse effect and for reducing the emission of power-generation trace gases which affect the climate. Different scenarios are analyzed to evaluate the recommended measures. (DG) [de

  19. Capability and limits of EC policy and instruments for protection of the environment

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jarass, H.D.; Neumann, L.F.; Pastowski, A.; Ruhr, H.J. von der; Schreiber, F.

    1994-01-01

    The authors who contributed to this compilation of studies start from different points of view in their approaches towards describing the existing (or desirable) balance between centralised and decentralised frameworks and instruments of the EC policy for protection of the environment: A total harmonisation of environmental protection standards would be inconsistent with the principles of competition and, in terms of environmental protection, would rather foster a climate tending to be hostile to innovation. The impetus given by the EC in support of free mobility in the transport sector of the internal market on the other hand ought to be flanked by mandatory ecological standards. Adhering to the economic theory of federalism would mean to decide for a high degree of decentralisation, which in turn does not seem to be altogether appropriate in view of the large scope of impact of environmental damage and the mutual ecological dependence of EC member states. A more centralised regulatory competence has to be accompanied by correspondingly strong, democratic institutions in order to fulfill the principles of constitutional law. The priority given to the principle of subsidiarity in the compromise laid down in the Treaty of Maastricht needs to be given concrete shape [de

  20. Optimal placement and sizing of wind / solar based DG sources in distribution system

    Science.gov (United States)

    Guan, Wanlin; Guo, Niao; Yu, Chunlai; Chen, Xiaoguang; Yu, Haiyang; Liu, Zhipeng; Cui, Jiapeng

    2017-06-01

    Proper placement and sizing of Distributed Generation (DG) in distribution system can obtain maximum potential benefits. This paper proposes quantum particle swarm algorithm (QPSO) based wind turbine generation unit (WTGU) and photovoltaic (PV) array placement and sizing approach for real power loss reduction and voltage stability improvement of distribution system. Performance modeling of wind and solar generation system are described and classified into PQ\\PQ (V)\\PI type models in power flow. Considering the WTGU and PV based DGs in distribution system is geographical restrictive, the optimal area and DG capacity limits of each bus in the setting area need to be set before optimization, the area optimization method is proposed . The method has been tested on IEEE 33-bus radial distribution systems to demonstrate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed method.

  1. Intrahippocampal Pathways Involved in Learning/Memory Mechanisms are Affected by Intracerebral Infusions of Amyloid-β25-35 Peptide and Hydrated Fullerene C60 in Rats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gordon, Rita; Podolski, Igor; Makarova, Ekaterina; Deev, Alexander; Mugantseva, Ekaterina; Khutsyan, Sergey; Sengpiel, Frank; Murashev, Arkady; Vorobyov, Vasily

    2017-01-01

    Primary memory impairments associated with increased level of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain have been shown to be linked, partially, with early pathological changes in the entorhinal cortex (EC) which spread on the whole limbic system. While the hippocampus is known to play a key role in learning and memory mechanisms, it is as yet unclear how its structures are involved in the EC pathology. In this study, changes in memory and neuronal morphology in male Wistar rats intrahippocampally injected with Aβ25-35 were correlated on days 14 and 45 after the injection to reveal specific cognitive-structural associations. The main focus was on the dentate gyrus (DG) and hippocampal areas of CA1 and CA3 because of their involvement in afferent flows from EC to the hippocampus through tri-synaptic (EC → DG → CA3 → CA1) and/or mono-synaptic (EC → CA1) pathways. Evident memory impairments were observed at both time points after Aβ25-35 injection. However, on day 14, populations of morphological intact neurons were decreased in CA3 and, drastically, in CA1, and the DG supramedial bundle was significantly damaged. On day 45, this bundle largely and CA1 neurons partially recovered, whereas CA3 neurons remained damaged. We suggest that Aβ25-35 primarily affects the tri-synaptic pathway, destroying the granular cells in the DG supramedial area and neurons in CA3 and, through the Schaffer collaterals, in CA1. Intrahippocampal pretreatment with hydrated fullerene C60 allows the neurons and their connections to survive the amyloidosis, thus supporting the memory mechanisms.

  2. Development of a Mobile Application for Disaster Information and Response

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stollberg, B.

    2012-04-01

    The Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission (EC) started exploring current technology and internet trends in order to answer the question if post-disaster situation awareness can be improved by community involvement. An exploratory research project revolves around the development of an iPhone App to provide users with real-time information about disasters and give them the possibility to send information in the form of a geo-located image and/or text back. Targeted users include professional emergency responders of the Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System (GDACS), as well as general users affected by disasters. GDACS provides global multi-hazard disaster monitoring and alerting for earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical cyclones, floods and volcanoes. It serves to consolidate and improve the dissemination of disaster-related information, in order to improve the coordination of international relief efforts. The goal of the exploratory research project is to extract and feedback useful information from reports shared by the community for improving situation awareness and providing ground truth for rapid satellite-based mapping. From a technological point of view, JRC is focusing on interoperability of field reporting software and is working with several organizations to develop standards and reference implementations of an interoperable mobile information platform. The iPhone App developed by JRC provides on one hand information about GDACS alerts and on the other hand the possibility for the users to send reports about a selected disaster back to JRC. iPhones are equipped with a camera and (apart from the very first model) a GPS receiver. This offers the possibility to transmit pictures and also the location for every sent report. A test has shown that the accuracy of the location can be expected to be in the range of 50 meters (iPhone 3GS) and respectively 5 meters (iPhone 4). For this reason pictures sent by the new iPhone generation can be very

  3. A control approach for the operation of DG units under variations of interfacing impedance in grid-connected mode

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hoseini, S. Kazem; Pouresmaeil, E.; Hosseinnia, S. H.

    2016-01-01

    . However, the converter-based DG interface is subjected to the unexpected uncertainties, which highly influence performance of control loop of DG unit and operation of interfaced converter. The interfacing impedance seen by interfaced VSC may considerably vary in power grid, and the stability of interfaced...... converter is highly sensitive to the impacts of this impedance changes; then, DG unit cannot inject appropriate currents. To deal with the instability problem, a control method based on fractional order active sliding mode is proposed in this paper, which is less sensitive to variations of interfacing...... impedance. A fractional sliding surface, which demonstrates the desired dynamics of system is developed and then, the controller is designed in two phases as sliding and reaching phases to keep the control loop stable. Stability issues of the control method are discussed in details and the conditions...

  4. A combined ADER-DG and PML approach for simulating wave propagation in unbounded domains

    KAUST Repository

    Amler, Thomas

    2012-09-19

    In this work, we present a numerical approach for simulating wave propagation in unbounded domains which combines discontinuous Galerkin methods with arbitrary high order time integration (ADER-DG) and a stabilized modification of perfectly matched layers (PML). Here, the ADER-DG method is applied to Bérenger’s formulation of PML. The instabilities caused by the original PML formulation are treated by a fractional step method that allows to monitor whether waves are damped in PML region. In grid cells where waves are amplified by the PML, the contribution of damping terms is neglected and auxiliary variables are reset. Results of 2D simulations in acoustic media with constant and discontinuous material parameters are presented to illustrate the performance of the method.

  5. Reduced Cerebral Oxygen Content in the DG and SVZ In Situ Promotes Neurogenesis in the Adult Rat Brain In Vivo.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kuan Zhang

    Full Text Available Neurogenesis in the adult brain occurs mainly within two neurogenic structures, the dentate gyrus (DG of the hippocampus and the sub-ventricular zone (SVZ of the forebrain. It has been reported that mild hypoxia promoted the proliferation of Neural Stem Cells (NSCsin vitro. Our previous study further demonstrated that an external hypoxic environment stimulated neurogenesis in the adult rat brain in vivo. However, it remains unknown how external hypoxic environments affect the oxygen content in the brain and result in neurogenesis. Here we use an optical fiber luminescent oxygen sensor to detect the oxygen content in the adult rat brain in situ under normoxia and hypoxia. We found that the distribution of oxygen in cerebral regions is spatiotemporally heterogeneous. The Po2 values in the ventricles (45∼50 Torr and DG (approximately 10 Torr were much higher than those of other parts of the brain, such as the cortex and thalamus (approximately 2 Torr. Interestingly, our in vivo studies showed that an external hypoxic environment could change the intrinsic oxygen content in brain tissues, notably reducing oxygen levels in both the DG and SVZ, the major sites of adult neurogenesis. Furthermore, the hypoxic environment also increased the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF, two factors that have been reported to regulate neurogenesis, within the DG and SVZ. Thus, we have demonstrated that reducing the oxygen content of the external environment decreased Po2 levels in the DG and SVZ. This reduced oxygen level in the DG and SVZ might be the main mechanism triggering neurogenesis in the adult brain. More importantly, we speculate that varying oxygen levels may be the physiological basis of the regionally restricted neurogenesis in the adult brain.

  6. Science communication in European projects

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vachev, Boyko; Stamenov, Jordan

    2009-01-01

    Science communication in several resent successful projects of Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (INRNE, BAS) from the 5th and 6th Framework Programmes of EC is presented: the joint INRNE, BAS project with JRC of EC (FP5 NUSES) and two subsequent Centre of Excellence projects (FP5 HIMONTONET and FP6 BEOBAL) are considered. Innovations and traditional forms development and application are discussed. An overview of presentation and communication of INRNE, BAS contribution to Bulgarian European Project is made. Good practices have been derived. Keywords: Science communication, European projects, Innovations

  7. RL5SORT/RL5PLOT. A graphite package for the JRC-Ispra IBM version of RELAP5/MOD1

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kolar, W.; Brewka, W.

    1984-01-01

    The present report describes the programs RL5SORT and RL5PLOT, their implementation and ''how to use''. Both programs base on the IBM version of RELAP5 as developed at JRC-ISPRA. RL5SORT creates from the output file (restart plot file) of a RELAP5 calculation data files, which serve as input data base for the program RL5PLOT. RL5PLOT retrieves the previous stored data records (minor edit quantities of RELAP5), allows arithmetic operations with the retrieved data and enables a print or graphic output on the terminal screen of a TEKTRONIX graphic terminal. A set of commands, incorporated in the program RL5PLOT, facilitates the user's work. Program RL5SORT has been developed as a batch program, while RL5PLOT has been conceived for interactive working mode

  8. The role of the Joint Research Centre from the European Commission in the European Structural Integrity Networks AMES, ENIQ and NESC

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Estorff, U. von; Torronen, K.

    1999-01-01

    Due to the reduction in many countries of the research budget for nuclear safety several European institutions and organisations and the Institute for Advanced Materials (IAM) of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission (EC) have developed co-operative programmes now organised into 'Networks' for mutual benefit. They include utilities, engineering companies, research and development (R and D) laboratories and regulatory bodies. These Networks are all organised and managed in a similar way, i.e. like the successful Programme for the Inspection of Steel Components (PISC). The IAM plays the role of Operating Agent, Reference Laboratory and Network Manager of these Networks: European Network on Ageing Materials Evaluation and Studies (AMES), European Network for Inspection Qualification (ENIQ) and Network for Evaluating Steel Components (NESC), each of them dealing with a specific aspect of fitness for purpose of materials in structural components. This article will describe how the network organisation works, which was the positive experience from the past, why the networks are a tool for integrating fragmented research in Europe and how they fit into the mission of the JRC and therefore follow the EC policy. (orig.)

  9. Problems relating to international transport of nuclear fuels

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Timm, U.E.

    1985-01-01

    Owing to the tremendous geographic distances between uranium deposits of interest, to the various degrees of sophistication of nuclear industry in industrialized countries and to the close international cooperation in the field of nuclear energy, safe international transports, physical protection and transport handling play an important role. It is suggested to better coordinate the activities of nuclear power plant operators, the nuclear industry and specialized transport companies with respect to all national and international issues of nuclear fuel transports. (DG) [de

  10. NATIONAL MINORITIES IN THE LAW OF THE EC/EU

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Šmihula

    2008-09-01

    Full Text Available In the law of the EC/EU the protection of national minorities is still a marginal matter. The EU has relied on general international law and on a European regional system of international law and, in case of necessity, accepted their norms. But in the 1990s there began a process of “de-economisation of the European integration” and the importance of national minorities became higher. Protection of the national minorities has not become a generally accepted legally binding principle of the EU, although in several legal acts issues of national minorities are mentioned. On the other hand, the political relevance of national minorities´ protection is very high. The importance of protection of national minorities in future will probably grow. It is a result of the adoption of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2000 and of the discussions regarding the European constitution and the Treaty of Lisbon.

  11. Europol’s Cybercrime Centre (EC3), its Agreements with Third Parties and the Growing Role of Law Enforcement on the European Security Scene

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Vendius, Trine Thygesen

    2015-01-01

    The European Cyber Crime Centre, EC3, established under the umbrella of Europol, started operations on January 1 2013. It is to act as the focal point in the fight against cybercrime in the European Union. Using a “shared, cross-community approach” the EC3 is concluding partnerships with member...... states, European agencies, international partners and the private sector. This article describes the coming about of EC3 and its efforts to address cybercrime. Furthermore, the article is an attempt to assess the growing role of the European law enforcement community on the European security scene...

  12. Multi types DG expansion dynamic planning in distribution system under stochastic conditions using Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolutionary Strategy and Monte-Carlo simulation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sadeghi, Mahmood; Kalantar, Mohsen

    2014-01-01

    Highlights: • Defining a DG dynamic planning problem. • Applying a new evolutionary algorithm called “CMAES” in planning process. • Considering electricity price and fuel price variation stochastic conditions. • Scenario generation and reduction with MCS and backward reduction programs. • Considering approximately all of the costs of the distribution system. - Abstract: This paper presents a dynamic DG planning problem considering uncertainties related to the intermittent nature of the DG technologies such as wind turbines and solar units in addition to the stochastic economic conditions. The stochastic economic situation includes the uncertainties related to the fuel and electricity price of each year. The Monte Carlo simulation is used to generate the possible scenarios of uncertain situations and the produced scenarios are reduced through backward reduction program. The aim of this paper is to maximize the revenue of the distribution system through the benefit cost analysis alongside the encouraging and punishment functions. In order to close to reality, the different growth rates for the planning period are selected. In this paper the Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolutionary Strategy is introduced and is used to find the best planning scheme of the DG units. The different DG types are considered in the planning problem. The main assumption of this paper is that the DISCO is the owner of the distribution system and the DG units. The proposed method is tested on a 9 bus test distribution system and the results are compared with the known genetic algorithm and PSO methods to show the applicability of the CMAES method in this problem

  13. Internal testing of pipe systems with IRIS inspection system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1986-01-01

    The internal piping inspection system IRIS allows inside testing of pipes with an internal diameter of NW 70 as a minimum, and of any horizontal or vertical layout of the piping system. Visual testing is done by means of an integrated CCD video system with high resolution power. Technical data are given and examples of applications, in the German and English language. (DG) [de

  14. On the isolation of elemental carbon (EC) for micro-molar 14C accelerator mass spectrometry: development of a hybrid reference material for 14C-EC accuracy assurance, and a critical evaluation of the thermal optical kinetic (TOK) EC isolation procedure

    Science.gov (United States)

    Currie, L. A.; Kessler, J. D.

    2005-10-01

    The primary objective of the research reported here has been the development of a hybrid reference material (RM) to serve as a test of accuracy for elemental carbon (EC) isotopic (14C) speciation measurements. Such measurements are vital for the quantitative apportionment of fossil and biomass sources of "soot" (EC), the tracer of fire that has profound effects on health, atmospheric visibility, and climate. Previous studies of 14C-EC measurement quality, carried out with NIST SRM 1649a (Urban Dust), showed a range of results, but since the "truth" was not known for this natural matrix RM, one had to rely on isotopic-chemical consistency evidence (14C in PAH, EC) of measurement validity (Currie et al., 2002). Components of the new Hybrid RM (DiesApple), however, have known 14C and EC composition, and they are nearly orthogonal (isotopically and chemically). NIST SRM 2975 (Forklift Diesel Soot) has little or no 14C, and its major compositional component is EC; SRM 1515 (Apple Leaves) has the 14C content of biomass-C, and it has little or no EC. Thus, the Hybrid RM can serve as an absolute isotopic test for the absence of EC-mimicking pyrolysis-C (char) from SRM 1515 in the EC isolate of the Hybrid RM, as well as a test for conservation of its dominant soot fraction throughout the isolation procedure. The secondary objective was to employ the Hybrid RM for the comparative evaluation of the thermal optical kinetic (TOK) and thermal optical transmission (TOT) methods for the isolation of EC for micro-molar carbon accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). As part of this process, the relatively new TOK method was subjected to a critical evaluation and significant development. Key findings of our study are: (1) both methods exhibited biomass-C "leakage"; for TOT, the EC fraction isolated for AMS contained about 8% of the original biomass-C; for TOK, the refractory carbon (RC) isolated contained about 3% of the original biomass-C.; (2) the initial isothermal oxidation stage of

  15. On the isolation of elemental carbon (EC for micro-molar 14C accelerator mass spectrometry: development of a hybrid reference material for 14C-EC accuracy assurance, and a critical evaluation of the thermal optical kinetic (TOK EC isolation procedure

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    L. A. Currie

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available The primary objective of the research reported here has been the development of a hybrid reference material (RM to serve as a test of accuracy for elemental carbon (EC isotopic (14C speciation measurements. Such measurements are vital for the quantitative apportionment of fossil and biomass sources of 'soot' (EC, the tracer of fire that has profound effects on health, atmospheric visibility, and climate. Previous studies of 14C-EC measurement quality, carried out with NIST SRM 1649a (Urban Dust, showed a range of results, but since the 'truth' was not known for this natural matrix RM, one had to rely on isotopic-chemical consistency evidence (14C in PAH, EC of measurement validity (Currie et al., 2002. Components of the new Hybrid RM (DiesApple, however, have known 14C and EC composition, and they are nearly orthogonal (isotopically and chemically. NIST SRM 2975 (Forklift Diesel Soot has little or no 14C, and its major compositional component is EC; SRM 1515 (Apple Leaves has the 14C content of biomass-C, and it has little or no EC. Thus, the Hybrid RM can serve as an absolute isotopic test for the absence of EC-mimicking pyrolysis-C (char from SRM 1515 in the EC isolate of the Hybrid RM, as well as a test for conservation of its dominant soot fraction throughout the isolation procedure. The secondary objective was to employ the Hybrid RM for the comparative evaluation of the thermal optical kinetic (TOK and thermal optical transmission (TOT methods for the isolation of EC for micro-molar carbon accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS. As part of this process, the relatively new TOK method was subjected to a critical evaluation and significant development. Key findings of our study are: (1 both methods exhibited biomass-C 'leakage'; for TOT, the EC fraction isolated for AMS contained about 8% of the original biomass-C; for TOK, the refractory carbon (RC isolated contained about 3% of the original biomass-C.; (2 the initial isothermal oxidation stage

  16. Large-Signal DG-MOSFET Modelling for RFID Rectification

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R. Rodríguez

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available This paper analyses the undoped DG-MOSFETs capability for the operation of rectifiers for RFIDs and Wireless Power Transmission (WPT at microwave frequencies. For this purpose, a large-signal compact model has been developed and implemented in Verilog-A. The model has been numerically validated with a device simulator (Sentaurus. It is found that the number of stages to achieve the optimal rectifier performance is inferior to that required with conventional MOSFETs. In addition, the DC output voltage could be incremented with the use of appropriate mid-gap metals for the gate, as TiN. Minor impact of short channel effects (SCEs on rectification is also pointed out.

  17. Disulfide-stabilized Helical Hairpin Structure and Activity of a Novel Antifungal Peptide EcAMP1 from Seeds of Barnyard Grass (Echinochloa crus-galli)*

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nolde, Svetlana B.; Vassilevski, Alexander A.; Rogozhin, Eugene A.; Barinov, Nikolay A.; Balashova, Tamara A.; Samsonova, Olga V.; Baranov, Yuri V.; Feofanov, Alexey V.; Egorov, Tsezi A.; Arseniev, Alexander S.; Grishin, Eugene V.

    2011-01-01

    This study presents purification, activity characterization, and 1H NMR study of the novel antifungal peptide EcAMP1 from kernels of barnyard grass Echinochloa crus-galli. The peptide adopts a disulfide-stabilized α-helical hairpin structure in aqueous solution and thus represents a novel fold among naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides. Micromolar concentrations of EcAMP1 were shown to inhibit growth of several fungal phytopathogens. Confocal microscopy revealed intensive EcAMP1 binding to the surface of fungal conidia followed by internalization and accumulation in the cytoplasm without disturbance of membrane integrity. Close spatial structure similarity between EcAMP1, the trypsin inhibitor VhTI from seeds of Veronica hederifolia, and some scorpion and cone snail toxins suggests natural elaboration of different functions on a common fold. PMID:21561864

  18. Disulfide-stabilized helical hairpin structure and activity of a novel antifungal peptide EcAMP1 from seeds of barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nolde, Svetlana B; Vassilevski, Alexander A; Rogozhin, Eugene A; Barinov, Nikolay A; Balashova, Tamara A; Samsonova, Olga V; Baranov, Yuri V; Feofanov, Alexey V; Egorov, Tsezi A; Arseniev, Alexander S; Grishin, Eugene V

    2011-07-15

    This study presents purification, activity characterization, and (1)H NMR study of the novel antifungal peptide EcAMP1 from kernels of barnyard grass Echinochloa crus-galli. The peptide adopts a disulfide-stabilized α-helical hairpin structure in aqueous solution and thus represents a novel fold among naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides. Micromolar concentrations of EcAMP1 were shown to inhibit growth of several fungal phytopathogens. Confocal microscopy revealed intensive EcAMP1 binding to the surface of fungal conidia followed by internalization and accumulation in the cytoplasm without disturbance of membrane integrity. Close spatial structure similarity between EcAMP1, the trypsin inhibitor VhTI from seeds of Veronica hederifolia, and some scorpion and cone snail toxins suggests natural elaboration of different functions on a common fold.

  19. MAT-DB - A database for nuclear energy related materials data

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Over, H.H.

    2009-01-01

    The web-enabled materials database (Mat-DB) of JRC-IE has a long-term history in storing materials test data resulting from European and international research projects. The database structure and the user-guidance has bee permanently updated improved and optimized. The database is implemented in the secure ODIN portal: https://odin.jrc.ec.europa.eu of JRC-IE. This architecture guarantees fast access to confidential and public data and documentation which are stored in an inter-related document management database (DoMa). It is a part of JRC's nuclear knowledge management. Mat-DB hosts the whole pool of IAEA surveillance data of reactor pressure vessel materials from different nuclear power plants of the member states. Mat-DB contains also thousands of European GEN IV reactor systems related R and D materials data which are an important basis for the evaluating and extrapolating design data for candidate materials and setting up design rules covering high temperature exposure, irradiation and corrosion. Those data and rules would match also fusion related components. Mat-DB covers thermo-mechanical and thermo-physical properties data of engineering alloys at low, elevated and high temperatures for base materials and joints, including irradiated materials for nuclear fission and fusion applications, thermal barrier coated materials for gas turbines and properties of corroded materials. The corrosion part refers to weight gain/loss data of high temperature exposed engineering alloys and ceramic materials. For each test type the database structure reflects international test standards and recommendations. Mat-DB features an extensive library of evaluation programs for web-enabled assessment of uniaxial creep, fatigue, crack growth and high temperature corrosion properties. Evaluations can be performed after data retrieval or independently of Mat-DB by transferring other materials data in a given format to the programs. The fast evaluation processes help the user to

  20. EC-construction product guideline 89/106/EEC and EC-pressure equipement guideline 97/23/EC; EG-Bauproduktenrichtlinie 89/106/EWG und EG-Druckgeraeterichtlinie 97/23/EG

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Dupin, F. [DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches e.V., Bonn (Germany)

    1998-08-01

    For now nearly ten years the EC-directive 90/396/EEC is well established in the gas field. In the meantime other EC-directives are playing a role which cannot be left out of consideration. Particularly the EC-Construction Product Directive (89/106/EEC) and the Pressure Equipment Directive (97/23/EG) constitute a focal point as many key-issues (e.g. scope) are still open, causing thus hotly debated discussions. The present contribution reflects the current consultations at the national and European level, pointing out then the gas-specific features. (orig.) [Deutsch] Seit nahezu zehn Jahren hat sich die EG-Richtlinie 90/396/EWG fuer Gasverbrauchseinrichtungen im europaeischen Gasfach fest etabliert. Inzwischen sind andere EG-Richtlinien ins Spiel gekommen, deren Einfluss nicht ausser Acht gelassen werden kann. Besonders die EG-Bauproduktenrichtlinie (89/106/EWG) und die EG-Druckgeraeterichtlinie (97/23/EG) stehen z.Z. im Mittelpunkt, da viele Schluesselfragen (z.B. Geltungsbereich) noch offen sind und heftige Debatten mit sich bringen. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt den Stand der auf nationaler und europaeischer Ebene gefuehrten Beratungen wieder und stellt dabei die gasspezifischen Gegebenheiten heraus. (orig.)

  1. Balancing economic freedom against social policy principles: EC competition law and national health systems.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mossialos, Elias; Lear, Julia

    2012-07-01

    EU Health policy exemplifies the philosophical tension between EC economic freedoms and social policy. EC competition law, like other internal market rules, could restrict national health policy options despite the subsidiarity principle. In particular, European health system reforms that incorporate elements of market competition may trigger the application of competition rules if non-economic gains in consumer welfare are not adequately accounted for. This article defines the policy and legal parameters of the debate between competition law and health policy. Using a sample of cases it analyses how the ECJ, national courts, and National Competition Authorities have applied competition laws to the health services sector in different circumstances and in different ways. It concludes by considering the implications of the convergence of recent trends in competition law enforcement and health system market reforms. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  2. The synthesis of a D-glucosamine contrast agent, Gd-DTPA-DG, and its application in cancer molecular imaging with MRI

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang Wei; Chen Yue; Guo Dajing; Huang Zhanwen; Cai Liang; He Ling

    2011-01-01

    Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe the synthesis of Gadolinium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-deoxyglucosamine (Gd-DTPA-DG) which is a D-glucosamine metabolic MR imaging contrast agent. We will also discuss its use in a pilot MRI study using a xenograft mouse model of human adenocarcinoma. Methods: This novel contrast agent was specifically studied because of its ability to 'target' metabolically active tumor tissues. In this study Gd-DTPA-DG is used to investigate how tumor tissues would react to a dose of 0.2 mmol Gd/kg over a 120 min exposure in a xenograft mouse model. These experiments used athymic mice implanted with human pulmonary adenocarcinoma (A549) as demonstrated by dynamic MRI. Alternately, another contrast agent that is not specific for targeting, Gd-DTPA, was used as the control at a similar dose of gadolinium. Efficacy of the targeted contrast agent was assessed by measuring relaxation rate in vitro and signal intensity (SI) in vivo. Statistical differences were calculated using one-way analysis of variance. Results: The synthesized Gd-DTPA-DG was shown to improve the contrast of tumor tissue in this model. Gd-DTPA-DG was also shown to have a similar pharmacokinetic rate but generated a higher relaxation rate in tumor tissues relative to the control contrast Gd-DTPA. In comparison to the pre-contrast imaging, the SI of tumor tissue in the experimental group was shown to be significantly increased at 15 min after injection of Gd-DTPA-DG (p < 0.001). The enhanced signal intensity spread from the edge of the tumor to the center and seemed to strengthen the idea that MRI performance would be useful in different tumor tissues. Conclusion: This preliminary study shows that this new chelated contrast agent, Gd-DTPA-DG, can be specifically targeted to accumulation in tumor tissue as compared to normal tissues. This targeted paramagnetic contrast agent has potential for specific cancer molecular imaging with MRI.

  3. Fenpropathrin biodegradation pathway in Bacillus sp. DG-02 and its potential for bioremediation of pyrethroid-contaminated soils.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Shaohua; Chang, Changqing; Deng, Yinyue; An, Shuwen; Dong, Yi Hu; Zhou, Jianuan; Hu, Meiying; Zhong, Guohua; Zhang, Lian-Hui

    2014-03-12

    The widely used insecticide fenpropathrin in agriculture has become a public concern because of its heavy environmental contamination and toxic effects on mammals, yet little is known about the kinetic and metabolic behaviors of this pesticide. This study reports the degradation kinetics and metabolic pathway of fenpropathrin in Bacillus sp. DG-02, previously isolated from the pyrethroid-manufacturing wastewater treatment system. Up to 93.3% of 50 mg L(-1) fenpropathrin was degraded by Bacillus sp. DG-02 within 72 h, and the degradation rate parameters qmax, Ks, and Ki were determined to be 0.05 h(-1), 9.0 mg L(-1), and 694.8 mg L(-1), respectively. Analysis of the degradation products by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry led to identification of seven metabolites of fenpropathrin, which suggest that fenpropathrin could be degraded first by cleavage of its carboxylester linkage and diaryl bond, followed by degradation of the aromatic ring and subsequent metabolism. In addition to degradation of fenpropathrin, this strain was also found to be capable of degrading a wide range of synthetic pyrethroids including deltamethrin, λ-cyhalothrin, β-cypermethrin, β-cyfluthrin, bifenthrin, and permethrin, which are also widely used insecticides with environmental contamination problems with the degradation process following the first-order kinetic model. Bioaugmentation of fenpropathrin-contaminated soils with strain DG-02 significantly enhanced the disappearance rate of fenpropathrin, and its half-life was sharply reduced in the soils. Taken together, these results depict the biodegradation mechanisms of fenpropathrin and also highlight the promising potentials of Bacillus sp. DG-02 in bioremediation of pyrethroid-contaminated soils.

  4. Analysis of waste hierarchy in the European waste directive 2008/98/EC.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gharfalkar, Mangesh; Court, Richard; Campbell, Callum; Ali, Zulfiqur; Hillier, Graham

    2015-05-01

    Loss of recoverable resources in linear resource flow systems is likely to contribute to the depletion of natural resources and environmental degradation. The 'waste hierarchy' in the European Commission's latest Waste Framework Directive 2008/98/EC (WFD2008) makes recommendations on how to address this issue. The WFD2008 is analysed in this work for its adequacy in ensuring return of 'recoverable waste' as a 'resource' into the productive system. Despite the release of guidance documents by the DG Environment, DEFRA and WRAP UK on the interpretation of key provisions of the WFD2008, lack of clarity still exists around the WFD2008 'waste hierarchy'. There is also an overlap between measures such as 'prevention' and 'reduction', 'preparing for reuse' and 'reuse' and lack of clarity on why the measure of 'reuse' is included in the WFD2008 definition of 'prevention'. Finally, absence of the measures of 'recovery' and 'reuse' from the WFD2008 'waste hierarchy' reduces its effectiveness as a resource efficiency tool. Without clarity on the WFD2008 'waste hierarchy', it is challenging for decision makers to take direct action to address inefficiencies existing within their operations or supply chains. This paper proposes the development of an alternative 'hierarchy of resource use' and alternative 'definitions' that attempt to fill identified gaps in the WFD2008 and bring clarity to the key measures of waste prevention, reduction and recovery. This would help the key stakeholders in driving resource effectiveness, which in turn would assist in conservation of natural resources and prevention of environmental degradation. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  5. Absolute quantification of regional cerebral glucose utilization in mice by 18F-FDG small animal PET scanning and 2-14C-DG autoradiography.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Toyama, Hiroshi; Ichise, Masanori; Liow, Jeih-San; Modell, Kendra J; Vines, Douglass C; Esaki, Takanori; Cook, Michelle; Seidel, Jurgen; Sokoloff, Louis; Green, Michael V; Innis, Robert B

    2004-08-01

    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of absolute quantification of regional cerebral glucose utilization (rCMR(glc)) in mice by use of (18)F-FDG and a small animal PET scanner. rCMR(glc) determined with (18)F-FDG PET was compared with values determined simultaneously by the autoradiographic 2-(14)C-DG method. In addition, we compared the rCMR(glc) values under isoflurane, ketamine and xylazine anesthesia, and awake states. Immediately after injection of (18)F-FDG and 2-(14)C-DG into mice, timed arterial samples were drawn over 45 min to determine the time courses of (18)F-FDG and 2-(14)C-DG. Animals were euthanized at 45 min and their brain was imaged with the PET scanner. The brains were then processed for 2-(14)C-DG autoradiography. Regions of interest were manually placed over cortical regions on corresponding coronal (18)F-FDG PET and 2-(14)C-DG autoradiographic images. rCMR(glc) values were calculated for both tracers by the autoradiographic 2-(14)C-DG method with modifications for the different rate and lumped constants for the 2 tracers. Average rCMR(glc) values in cerebral cortex with (18)F-FDG PET under normoglycemic conditions (isoflurane and awake) were generally lower (by 8.3%) but strongly correlated with those of 2-(14)C-DG (r(2) = 0.95). On the other hand, under hyperglycemic conditions (ketamine/xylazine) average cortical rCMR(glc) values with (18)F-FDG PET were higher (by 17.3%) than those with 2-(14)C-DG. Values for rCMR(glc) and uptake (percentage injected dose per gram [%ID/g]) with (18)F-FDG PET were significantly lower under both isoflurane and ketamine/xylazine anesthesia than in the awake mice. However, the reductions of rCMR(glc) were markedly greater under isoflurane (by 57%) than under ketamine and xylazine (by 19%), whereas more marked reductions of %ID/g were observed with ketamine/xylazine (by 54%) than with isoflurane (by 37%). These reverse differences between isoflurane and ketamine/xylazine may be due to

  6. Special Issue: Selected papers from ECS'97

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    1999-01-01

    This Special Issue of Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing presents extended versions of selected papers from the First Electronic Circuits and Systems Conference (ECS'97) which was held on September 4-5, 1997, in Bratislava, Slovakia.......This Special Issue of Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing presents extended versions of selected papers from the First Electronic Circuits and Systems Conference (ECS'97) which was held on September 4-5, 1997, in Bratislava, Slovakia....

  7. Designing a collection layout for DG-CO collections

    CERN Document Server

    Pantic, Radoslav

    2014-01-01

    While CDS is in use for years and contains a very large number of interesting resources (documents, papers, articles, presentations, videos, images, photos, audio files etc), practical and daily use of it has shown some limitations. First of all, the extremely large amount of available resources does not make easy the possibility to focus only on certain specific pre-selected documents. Second, the search capabilities of CDS, while very extended, do not always meet client-specific needs and are not always easy to use by unexperienced external visitors. This document describes an ideal tool to be used by DG-CO (but also potentially other services) to overcome the 2 limitations described above.

  8. Safety controls according to the non-proliferation treaty in EC countries

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pander, J. von.

    1978-01-01

    Above all, content and extent of the duty conferred upon the IAEA according to article III, paragraph 1 of the NP treaty which implies the conducting of safety controls and the consequences resulting here from are examined. Including the peaceful use of nuclear energy developing under international law the agreement on safety control signed on 5th April 1973 between IAEA and EURATOM as well as its seven non-nuclear-weapon member states is discussed, along with its technical and its implicit legal problems. In detail the manifold technical and judicial problems of IAEA safety controls are shown, their realization requiring a well-working cooperation between IAEA and the European Communities. As only the non-nuclear-weapon member states of the EC are subject to the IAEA safety control system within the frame of this agreement the following questions are discussed: 1. effects on the member status after the signing of the EURATOM contract and 2. granting the principle of equal treatment for all member states as against the nuclear-weapon member states of the EC, France and the United Kingdom. (orig./HP) [de

  9. EC6 design features and pre-project licensing review

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Yu, S.; Lee, A.G.; Dinh, N.B.; Soulard, M. [CANDU Energy Inc., Mississauga, Ontario, (Canada)

    2013-07-01

    The Enhanced CANDU 6 (EC6) is the new Generation III CANDU reactor design that meets the most up to date Canadian regulatory requirements and customer expectations. Candu Energy Inc. is finalizing development of the EC6 which incorporates the CANDU 6's well-proven features, and adds enhancements that strengthened reactor safety margin and improved operability. The EC6 builds on the proven high performance design and the defence-in-depth features of CANDU 6 units, and has incorporated extensive operational feedback including lessons learned from Fukushima. This paper will provide status of the engineering program including progress on the pre-licensing review of the EC6 design by the Canadian Regulator, CNSC, and will also highlight the design and safety enhancements incorporated in the EC6 product. Safety enhancements to meet safety goals and to improve robustness of systems to respond to design basis accidents and beyond design basis accidents include: new severe accident recovery and heat removal system; improved emergency heat removal system; faster shutoff rods with improved safety margins; mechanical guaranteed shutdown rods; daily load cycling capability; robust containment with containment filter venting system; and improved backed-up electrical supply and cooling services. (author)

  10. DG TO FT - AUTOMATIC TRANSLATION OF DIGRAPH TO FAULT TREE MODELS

    Science.gov (United States)

    Iverson, D. L.

    1994-01-01

    Fault tree and digraph models are frequently used for system failure analysis. Both types of models represent a failure space view of the system using AND and OR nodes in a directed graph structure. Each model has its advantages. While digraphs can be derived in a fairly straightforward manner from system schematics and knowledge about component failure modes and system design, fault tree structure allows for fast processing using efficient techniques developed for tree data structures. The similarities between digraphs and fault trees permits the information encoded in the digraph to be translated into a logically equivalent fault tree. The DG TO FT translation tool will automatically translate digraph models, including those with loops or cycles, into fault tree models that have the same minimum cut set solutions as the input digraph. This tool could be useful, for example, if some parts of a system have been modeled using digraphs and others using fault trees. The digraphs could be translated and incorporated into the fault trees, allowing them to be analyzed using a number of powerful fault tree processing codes, such as cut set and quantitative solution codes. A cut set for a given node is a group of failure events that will cause the failure of the node. A minimum cut set for a node is any cut set that, if any of the failures in the set were to be removed, the occurrence of the other failures in the set will not cause the failure of the event represented by the node. Cut sets calculations can be used to find dependencies, weak links, and vital system components whose failures would cause serious systems failure. The DG TO FT translation system reads in a digraph with each node listed as a separate object in the input file. The user specifies a terminal node for the digraph that will be used as the top node of the resulting fault tree. A fault tree basic event node representing the failure of that digraph node is created and becomes a child of the terminal

  11. VEGF and VEGFR-2 (KDR) internalization is required for endothelial recovery during wound healing

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Constantino Rosa Santos, Susana; Miguel, Claudia; Domingues, Ines; Calado, Angelo; Zhu Zhenping; Wu Yan; Dias, Sergio

    2007-01-01

    Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor activation regulates endothelial cell (EC) survival, migration and proliferation. Recently, it was suggested the cross-talk between the VEGF receptors-1 (FLT-1) and -2 (KDR) modulated several of these functions, but the detailed molecular basis for such interactions remained unexplained. Here we demonstrate for the first time that VEGF stimulation of EC monolayers induced a rapid FLT-1-mediated internalization of KDR to the nucleus, via microtubules and the endocytic pathway, internalization which required the activation of PI 3-kinase/AKT. KDR deletion mutants were generated in several tyrosine residues; in these, VEGF-induced KDR internalization was impaired, demonstrating this process required activation (phosphorylation) of the receptor. Furthermore, we demonstrate that in vitro wounding of EC monolayers leads to a rapid and transient internalization of VEGF + KDR to the nucleus, which is essential for monolayer recovery. Notably, FLT-1 blockade impedes VEGF and KDR activation and internalization, blocking endothelial monolayer recovery. Our data reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism induced by VEGF on EC, which regulates EC recovery following wounding, and as such indicate novel targets for therapeutic intervention

  12. 3D Reconstruction in Nuclear Security

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bostrom, G.; Fiocco, M.; Goncalves, J.M.C.; Puig, D.; Sequeira, V.; Chartier, B.; Mariotte, F.; Richard, M.; Zamora, P.; Kiesser, R.

    2008-01-01

    Accurate modelling is gaining increasing importance in security applications. Indeed, realistic and dimensionally accurate models of critical areas can be used for prevention and simulation exercises as well as for planning emergency responses once an attack is perpetrated. CEA-DAM and EC-JRC engaged in a joint exercise involving the simulation of a terrorist attack in an urban area with possible release of radiological substances. JRC was responsible for creating a dimensionally accurate (centimetre accuracy) 3D model from the urban area as-is before and after the attack. Further tests involved the automatic 3D detection of changes in both indoors and outdoors environments. The paper describes the principles and technologies behind the generation of photo-realistic and accurate 3D models of wide areas as-is, and will discuss the use of those technologies for nuclear security applications

  13. Seizure threshold to lidocaine is decreased following repeated ECS (electroconvulsive shock)

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kragh, J; Seidelin, J; Bolwig, T G

    1993-01-01

    Seizure susceptibility to lidocaine was investigated in rats which had received repeated ECS (electroconvulsive shock). In the first experiment three groups of rats received an ECS daily for 18 days, an ECS weekly for 18 weeks, and 18 sham treatments, respectively. Twelve weeks after the last ECS...... all rats received a lidocaine challenge (LC) in the form of an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of lidocaine (65 mg/kg). After the injection the animals were observed for occurrence of motor seizures. A total of 67% (10/15), 47% (7/15), and 0% (0/18) of the daily, weekly, and sham groups, respectively......, had motor seizures in response to the LC. In the second experiment five groups of rats received an ECS daily for 0, 1, 6, 18, and 36 days, respectively. Eighteen weeks after the last ECS all rats received an LC and 0% (0/15), 13% (2/15), 20% (3/15), 53% (8/15), and 58% (7/12), respectively, developed...

  14. Dynamics simulation of a π-conjugated light-harvesting dendrimer II: phenylene-based dendrimer (phDG2)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kodama, Yasunobu; Ishii, Soh; Ohno, Kaoru

    2009-01-01

    We investigate the light-harvesting property of a π-conjugated dendrimer, phenylene-based dendrimer (phDG2), by carrying out a semi-classical Ehrenfest dynamics simulation based on the time-dependent density functional theory. Similar to our previous study of star-shaped stilbenoid phthalocyanine (SSS1Pc), phDG2 shows electron and hole transfer from the periphery to the core through a π-conjugated network when an electron is selectively excited in the periphery. The one-way electron and hole transfer occurs more easily in dendrimers with planar structure than in those with steric hindrance because π-conjugation is well maintained in the planar structure. The present results explain recent experiments by Akai et al (2005 J. Lumin. 112 449).

  15. Ketone EC50 values in the Microtox test.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, H F; Hee, S S

    1995-03-01

    The Microtox EC50 values for the following ketones are reported in the following homologous series: straight chain methyl ketones (acetone, 2-butanone, 2-pentanone, 2-hepatonone, 2-octanone, 2-decanone, and 2-tridecanone); methyl ketones substituted at one alpha carbon (3-methyl-2-butanone; 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone); methyl substituted at two alpha carbons (2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone; 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-3-pentanone); phenyl groups replacing methyl in acetone (acetophenone; benzophenone); methyl groups substituted at the alpha carbons of cyclohexanone; and 2,3- 2,4-, and 2,5-hexanediones, most for the first time. While there were linear relationships between log EC50 and MW for the straight chain methyl ketones, and for methyl substitution at the alpha carbon for methyl ketones, there were no other linear relationships. As molecular weight increased, the EC50 values of soluble ketones decreased; as distance between two carbonyl groups decreased so too did EC50 values. Thus, for the ketones the geometry around the carbonyl group is an important determinant of toxicity as well as MW, water solubility, and octanol/water coefficient.

  16. Nuclear power plant performance in the EC in 1978

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Anon.

    1979-01-01

    According to the report presented by the Statistical Office of the Ec, nuclear electricity generation in the nine EC countries has been increased in 1978 by 11% to a net value of 115 TWh as compared to the year before. Installed capacity went up by 18.6% to a net value of 24. 000 MWe at the end of the year. The mean availability period has been close to the hitherto best value of 6000 h/a. The share of nuclear energy in total electricity generation in the EC rose by 0.5% to 10.5%. (orig.) [de

  17. ICT INDUSTRY R&D IN HUNGARY

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ADRIENN FEKO

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available In this article, the Hungarian ICT Industry related research and development is analysed. The developments and characteristics of the sector are described on one hand on the available statistics and on the other hand on interviews taken with the representatives of leading ICT companies in Hungary. In this short paper in order to have a larger database, we use a more aggregated definition of ICT sector according to European Commission DG JRC, IPTS (NACE rev.1.1. The main objectives of the paper are: to present the main characteristics of the sector and to explore the main causes of relatively low R&D activity of the ICT sector.

  18. Emission characterization and evaluation of natural gas-fueled cogeneration microturbines and internal combustion engines

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Canova, Aldo; Chicco, Gianfranco; Genon, Giuseppe; Mancarella, Pierluigi

    2008-01-01

    The increasing diffusion of small-scale energy systems within the distributed generation (DG) paradigm is raising the need for studying the environmental impact due to the different DG solutions in order to assess their sustainability. Addressing the environmental impact calls for building specific models for studying both local and global emissions. In this framework, the adoption of natural gas-fueled DG cogeneration technologies may provide, as a consequence of cogeneration enhanced overall energy efficiency and of natural gas relatively low carbon content, a significant reduction of global impact in terms of CO 2 emissions with respect to the separate production of electricity and heat. However, a comprehensive evaluation of the DG alternatives should take into account as well the impact due to the presence of plants spread over the territory that could increase the local pollution, in particular due to CO and NO x , and thus could worsen the local air quality. This paper provides an overview on the characterization of the emissions from small-scale natural gas-fueled cogeneration systems, with specific reference to the DG technologies nowadays most available in the market, namely, microturbines and internal combustion engines. The corresponding local and global environmental impacts are evaluated by using the emission balance approach. A numerical case study with two representative machines highlights their different emission characteristics, also considering the partial-load emission performance

  19. USEtox® 2.0 Documentation (Version 1.00)

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bijster, Marian; Guignard, Cécile; Hauschild, Michael Zwicky

    Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) Handbook – Recommendations for Life Cycle Impact Assessment in the European context, EUR 24571 EN, by the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) in the Life Cycle Metrics for Chemical Products – A Guideline by the Chemical Sector to Assess...... (EC) in the Recommendations on the Use of Common Methods to Measure and Communicate the Life Cycle Environmental Performance of Products and Organisations, 2013/179/EU, by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre – Institute for Environment and Sustainability (JRC-IES) in the International...... and Report on the Environmental Footprint of Products, Based on Life Cycle Assessment, and by the United States Environmental Protection Agency in the Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and other Environmental Impacts (TRACI) User's Manual, S-10637-OP-1-0. The latest official release version...

  20. and alanine (EC. 2.6.1.2) transaminases, and alkaline phosphatase

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    The activities of aspartate (E.C. 2.6.1.1) and alanine (E.C. 2.6.1.2) transaminases (AST and ALT, respectively), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (E.C. 3.1.3.1) were determined in erythrocytes obtained from 20 HbAA, 15 HbAS and 12 HbSS human subjects. The results showed that the three enzymes had different levels of ...

  1. Removal of actinides from high activity wastes by solvent extraction: outline of the research work at Ispra J.R.C. laboratories

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mannone, F.

    1976-07-01

    The development of an advanced waste management alternative such as the actinide nuclear incineration requires an almost quantitative removal of actinides from waste streams. Within the framework of the Ispra JRC Waste Disposal R and D programme, actinide separation studies were directed towards solvent extraction and precipitation methods. To develop a tentative waste partitioning flow-sheet based on solvent extraction, two conceptual process flow-sheet for actinide removal were evaluated on the basis of the currently used actinide recovery processes, i.e. removal after waste adjustment to low-acidity conditions and direct actinide removal from acidic wastes, as they are generated in actual reprocessing plants. No improvements have been devised for actinide recoveries within the conventional Purex reprocessing operations and a currently agreed value has been assumed for neptunium recovery (90%). According to these basic orientations some organic extractants have been selected for testing as promising candidates for waste partitioning and laboratory studies, designed to develop a satisfactory partitioning flow-sheet, have been proposed and described

  2. Candidatus Frankia Datiscae Dg1, the Actinobacterial Microsymbiont of Datisca glomerata, Expresses the Canonical nod Genes nodABC in Symbiosis with Its Host Plant

    Science.gov (United States)

    Persson, Tomas; Battenberg, Kai; Demina, Irina V.; Vigil-Stenman, Theoden; Vanden Heuvel, Brian; Pujic, Petar; Facciotti, Marc T.; Wilbanks, Elizabeth G.; O'Brien, Anna; Fournier, Pascale; Cruz Hernandez, Maria Antonia; Mendoza Herrera, Alberto; Médigue, Claudine; Normand, Philippe; Pawlowski, Katharina; Berry, Alison M.

    2015-01-01

    Frankia strains are nitrogen-fixing soil actinobacteria that can form root symbioses with actinorhizal plants. Phylogenetically, symbiotic frankiae can be divided into three clusters, and this division also corresponds to host specificity groups. The strains of cluster II which form symbioses with actinorhizal Rosales and Cucurbitales, thus displaying a broad host range, show suprisingly low genetic diversity and to date can not be cultured. The genome of the first representative of this cluster, Candidatus Frankia datiscae Dg1 (Dg1), a microsymbiont of Datisca glomerata, was recently sequenced. A phylogenetic analysis of 50 different housekeeping genes of Dg1 and three published Frankia genomes showed that cluster II is basal among the symbiotic Frankia clusters. Detailed analysis showed that nodules of D. glomerata, independent of the origin of the inoculum, contain several closely related cluster II Frankia operational taxonomic units. Actinorhizal plants and legumes both belong to the nitrogen-fixing plant clade, and bacterial signaling in both groups involves the common symbiotic pathway also used by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. However, so far, no molecules resembling rhizobial Nod factors could be isolated from Frankia cultures. Alone among Frankia genomes available to date, the genome of Dg1 contains the canonical nod genes nodA, nodB and nodC known from rhizobia, and these genes are arranged in two operons which are expressed in D. glomerata nodules. Furthermore, Frankia Dg1 nodC was able to partially complement a Rhizobium leguminosarum A34 nodC::Tn5 mutant. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Dg1 Nod proteins are positioned at the root of both α- and β-rhizobial NodABC proteins. NodA-like acyl transferases were found across the phylum Actinobacteria, but among Proteobacteria only in nodulators. Taken together, our evidence indicates an Actinobacterial origin of rhizobial Nod factors. PMID:26020781

  3. Energy conservation in the EC glass industry

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Waal, H. de [TNO Institute of Applied Physics, Delft (Netherlands)

    1994-12-31

    The data presented in this survey are based mainly on a recent study, performed by the Energy Technology Support Unit ETSU. Harwell Laboratory, United Kingdom, in the context of the EC-Thermie programme. Also, use has been made of a paper `Glass Manufacture, energy and CO{sub 2}-emissions`, presented by G.J. Copley of the British Glass Manufacturers Confederation, Sheffield, United Kingdom, presented at the Thermie Seminar in Wiesbaden, 1992. A third source of information has been the data collected by the CPIV, the European Glass Manufacturers Federation on the present and future economic situation of the EC Glass Industry. (orig.)

  4. Canada files WTO complaint against EC.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2000-01-01

    In December 1998, Canada filed a complaint alleging that the European Communities (EC) had adopted regulations that amounted to a scheme to extend patent terms, limited to pharmaceutical and agricultural chemical products.

  5. NASA FACTS: E. coli AntiMicrobial Satellite (EcAMSat)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Spremo, Stevan; Cappuccio, Gelsomina; Tomko, David

    2013-01-01

    The E. coli AntiMicrobial Satellite(EcAMSat) mission will investigate space microgravity affects on the antibiotic resistance of E. coli, a bacterial pathogen responsible for urinary tract infection in humans and animals. EcAMSat is being developed through a partnership between NASAs Ames Research Center and the Stanford University School of Medicine. Dr. A.C. Matin is the Stanford University Principal Investigator. EcAMSat will investigate spaceflight effects on bacterial antibiotic resistance and its genetic basis. Bacterial antibiotic resistance may pose a danger to astronauts in microgravity, where the immune response is weakened. Scientists believe that the results of this experiment could help design effective countermeasures to protect astronauts health during long duration human space missions.

  6. A novel islanding detection scheme for synchronous distributed generation using rate of change of exciter voltage over reactive power at DG-Side

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Rostami, Ali; Bagheri, Marzieh; Naderi, Seyed Behzad

    2017-01-01

    , the reactive power at DG-side and exciter voltage parameters are selected. The performance of the proposed method is investigated in MATLAB/Simulink software on a sample network in the presence of synchronous diesel-generator. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method is capable to detect all......Penetration of distributed generation (DG) in distribution networks is rapidly increasing. DGs' application enhances system's reliability and power quality. However, along their benefits, there are some issues. One of the most important issues of DGs' application is the islanding. This paper...... of the synchronous generator. Therefore, due to lack of inertia, response of these parameters to small changes is faster than the other passive parameters such as frequency. However, the sensitivity of reactive power at the DG-side and the exciter voltage is much more than reactive power and voltage of the load. So...

  7. Effect of Dursban 480 EC (chlorpyrifos) and Talstar 10 EC (bifenthrin) on the physiological and genetic diversity of microorganisms in soil.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Medo, Juraj; Maková, Jana; Kovácsová, Silvia; Majerčíková, Kamila; Javoreková, Soňa

    2015-01-01

    This investigation was undertaken to determine the impact of the insecticides Dursban 480 EC (with organophosphate compound chlorpyrifos as the active ingredient) and Talstar 10 EC (with pyrethroid bifenthrin as the active ingredient) on the respiration activity and microbial diversity in a sandy loam luvisol soil. The insecticides were applied in two doses: the maximum recommended dose for field application (15 mg kg(-1) for Dursban 480 EC and 6 mg kg(-1) for Talstar 10 EC) and a 100-fold higher dose for extrapolation of their effect. Bacterial and fungal genetic diversity was analysed in soil samples using PCR DGGE and the functional diversity (catabolic potential) was studied using BIOLOG EcoPlates at 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 56 and 112 days after insecticide application. Five bacterial groups (α, β, γ proteobacteria, firmibacteria and actinomycetes) and five groups of fungi or fungus-like microorganisms (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, Oomycota and Zygomycota) were analysed using specific primer sets. This approach provides high resolution of the analysis covering majority of microorganisms in the soil. Only the high-dose Dursban 480 EC significantly changed the community of microorganisms. We observed its negative effect on α- and γ-proteobacteria, as the number of OTUs (operational taxonomic units) decreased until the end of incubation. In the β-proteobacteria group, initial increase of OTUs was followed by strong decrease. Diversity in the firmibacteria, actinomycetes and Zygomycota groups was minimally disturbed by the insecticide application. Dursban 480 EC, however, both positively and negatively affected certain species. Among negatively affected species Sphingomonas, Flavobacterium or Penicillium were detected, but Achromobacter, Luteibacter or Aspergillus were supported by applied insecticide. The analysis of BIOLOG plates using AWCD values indicated a significant increase in metabolic potential of microorganisms in the soil after the high

  8. DG Allocation Based on Reliability, Losses and Voltage Sag Considerations: an expert system approach

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sahar Abdel Moneim Moussa

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available Expert System (ES as a branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI methodology can potentially help in solving complicated power system problems. This may be more appropriate methodology than conventional optimization techniques when contradiction between objectives appears in reaching the optimum solution. When this contradiction is the hindrance in reaching the required system operation through the application of traditional methods ES can give a hand in such case. In this paper, the  knowledge- based ES technique is proposed to reach near-optimum solution which is further directed to the optimum solution through particle swarm optimization (PSO technique. This idea is known as Hybrid-Expert-System (HES. The proposed idea is used in getting the optimum allocation of a number of distributed generation (DG units on Distribution System (DS busbars taking into consideration three issues; reliability, voltage sag, and line losses. Optimality is assessed on the economic basis by calculating money benefits (or losses resulting from DG addition considering the three aforementioned issues. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is ascertained through example.

  9. Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Tritium Effects in Plasma Facing Components

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Causey, R. A.

    1999-01-01

    The 4th International Workshop on Tritium Effects in Plasma Facing Components was held in Santa Fe, New Mexico on May 14-15, 1998. This workshop occurs every two years, and has previously been held in Livermore/California, Nagoya/Japan, and the JRC-Ispra Site in Italy. The purpose of the workshop is to gather researchers involved in the topic of tritium migration, retention, and recycling in materials used to line magnetic fusion reactor walls and provide a forum for presentation and discussions in this area. This document provides an overall summary of the workshop, the workshop agenda, a summary of the presentations, and a list of attendees

  10. Characterisation, repackaging and incineration of NaK and Na used for heat transfer experiences on LMFBR at the JRC-Ispra site

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Mazzuccato, M.; D' Alberti, F.; D' Amati, F. [European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Nuclear Decommissioning Unit, Via Fermi 210207 Ispra VA (Italy)

    2010-07-01

    The Joint Research Centre (JRC) is a service of the European Commission and its mission is to provide scientific and technical support to the EU policies. At the Italian JRC Ispra site is currently ongoing a nuclear decommissioning program aimed at dismantling and disposing facilities and materials no longer used for nuclear research purposes, e.g. alkali metals, whose radioactive content has to be checked prior the disposal as radioactive or conventional waste. This paper describes the project phases consisting in characterising, repackaging and disposing of {approx}607 kg of alkali metals, composed by {approx}397 kg of NaK liquid alloy and {approx}210 kg of Na metal. The material was used in the past for scientific experiences on heat transfer for liquid metal fast breeder reactors. The alkali metals are very reactive in presence of water leading to the formation of hydrogen; moreover the NaK had been stored for several years in a bunker inside drums unable to guarantee the needed confinement, with the consequent formation of oxygenated compounds in the outer layer of the alloy crust, as Na{sub 2}O{sub 2}, NaO{sub 2}, K{sub 2}O{sub 2} and KO{sub 2}, unstable if moved in presence of the liquid substrate. To perform the characterization and repackaging operations in a safe manner, avoiding any possible reaction between the liquid alloy and the solid surface of oxides, the alloy has been solidified reducing bunker temperature down to the alloy melting point (-15 deg. C). The sampling has been carried out by means of glove bag sealed on the top of each drum and filled in with inert gas to reduce the presence of humidity. Having characterization campaign proved that the alkali metals could not be classified as radioactive material, the NaK and Na containers were shipped to UK in a refrigerated truck. In order to allow a safe thermal destruction in a conventional incineration plant, additional repackaging has been performed in a UK plant to reduce the amount of alkali

  11. Nuclear power in the EC

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Charrault, J.C.

    1991-01-01

    Nuclear power accounts for some 35% of electricity production in the European Community (EC). Using a mathematical analysis, based on different scenarios, i.e. low/high electricity demand and nuclear moratorium/revival, various demand forecasts are made. A pragmatic approach, considering conventional power generation pollution problems, forecasts a revival of nuclear power

  12. Mathematical modeling improves EC50 estimations from classical dose-response curves.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nyman, Elin; Lindgren, Isa; Lövfors, William; Lundengård, Karin; Cervin, Ida; Sjöström, Theresia Arbring; Altimiras, Jordi; Cedersund, Gunnar

    2015-03-01

    The β-adrenergic response is impaired in failing hearts. When studying β-adrenergic function in vitro, the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50 ) is an important measure of ligand response. We previously measured the in vitro contraction force response of chicken heart tissue to increasing concentrations of adrenaline, and observed a decreasing response at high concentrations. The classical interpretation of such data is to assume a maximal response before the decrease, and to fit a sigmoid curve to the remaining data to determine EC50 . Instead, we have applied a mathematical modeling approach to interpret the full dose-response curve in a new way. The developed model predicts a non-steady-state caused by a short resting time between increased concentrations of agonist, which affect the dose-response characterization. Therefore, an improved estimate of EC50 may be calculated using steady-state simulations of the model. The model-based estimation of EC50 is further refined using additional time-resolved data to decrease the uncertainty of the prediction. The resulting model-based EC50 (180-525 nm) is higher than the classically interpreted EC50 (46-191 nm). Mathematical modeling thus makes it possible to re-interpret previously obtained datasets, and to make accurate estimates of EC50 even when steady-state measurements are not experimentally feasible. The mathematical models described here have been submitted to the JWS Online Cellular Systems Modelling Database, and may be accessed at http://jjj.bio.vu.nl/database/nyman. © 2015 FEBS.

  13. ST ECS error handling and detector safety

    CERN Document Server

    Esperante Pereira, D

    2010-01-01

    This note describes the automatic operation sequences that the ECS implements in order to operate the ST detector in a safe and reliable way. First, the start-up sequences to set the detector in a well known state are described. In addition the possible ST detector states based on the status of the different detector elements will be defined. The states are of crucial interest for the safe operation of the detector when the LHC beam is ready. Besides, the ECS automatic actions taken in case of abnormal status of any of the detector elements are reported. Next, the operational alarm ranges and the error recovery mechanisms are mentioned.

  14. EC Transmission Line Risk Identification and Analysis

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bigelow, Tim S [ORNL

    2012-04-01

    The purpose of this document is to assist in evaluating and planning for the cost, schedule, and technical project risks associated with the delivery and operation of the EC (Electron cyclotron) transmission line system. In general, the major risks that are anticipated to be encountered during the project delivery phase associated with the implementation of the Procurement Arrangement for the EC transmission line system are associated with: (1) Undefined or changing requirements (e.g., functional or regulatory requirements) (2) Underperformance of prototype, first unit, or production components during testing (3) Unavailability of qualified vendors for critical components Technical risks associated with the design and operation of the system are also identified.

  15. EcPV2 DNA in equine genital squamous cell carcinomas and normal genital mucosa.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bogaert, Lies; Willemsen, Anouk; Vanderstraeten, Eva; Bracho, Maria A; De Baere, Cindy; Bravo, Ignacio G; Martens, Ann

    2012-07-06

    Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) represents the most common genital malignant tumor in horses. Similar to humans, papillomaviruses (PVs) have been proposed as etiological agents and recently Equine papillomavirus type 2 (EcPV2) has been identified in a subset of genital SCCs. The goals of this study were (1) to determine the prevalence of EcPV2 DNA in tissue samples from equine genital SCCs, penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and penile papillomas, using EcPV2-specific PCR, (2) to examine the prevalence of latent EcPV2 infection in healthy genital mucosa and (3) to determine genetic variability within EcPV2 and to disentangle phylogenetic relationships of EcPV2 among PVs. EcPV2 DNA was detected in all but one penile SCC (15/16), in all PIN lesions (8/8) and penile papillomas (4/4). Additionally, EcPV2 DNA was demonstrated in one of two metastasized lymph nodes, one contact metastasis in the mouth, two vaginal and one anal lesion. In healthy horses, EcPV2 DNA was detected in 10% (4/39) of penile swabs but in none of vulvovaginal swabs (0/20). This study confirms the presence of EcPV2 DNA in equine genital SCCs and shows its involvement in anal lesions, a lymph node and contact metastases. Latent EcPV2 presence was also shown in normal male genital mucosa. We found that different EcPV2 variants cocirculate among horses and that EcPV2 is related to the Delta+Zeta PVs and is only a very distant relative of high-risk human PVs causing genital cancer. Thus, similar viral tropism and similar malignant outcome of the infection do not imply close evolutionary relationship. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  16. EU research in 'operational safety of existing installations' under the nuclear fission programme 1998-2002

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Goethem, G. van; Zurita, A.; Manolatos, P.; Bermejo, J. Martin; Casalta, S.

    2003-01-01

    In this paper, an overview is given of the most important aspects of the research activities organised by the European Union (EU) in the area of reactor safety under the current 5th Euratom Framework Programme 1998-2002 (FP-5). This area is focussing on 'Operational Safety of Existing Installations'. The fundamental safety objective for nuclear power plants (NPPs) consists in protecting the public and the environment from the harmful effects resulting from ionising radiations. Community research with this objective is carried out through both 'indirect actions' (organised by DG Research) and 'direct actions' (carried out by DG Joint Research Centre/JRC). The mid-term achievements of this area were discussed at the symposium FISA-2001 (EC Luxembourg, 12-14 November 2001/750 pages, EUR 20281 EN, OPOCE Luxembourg 2002). This research area is actually part of the FP-5 Key Action NUCLEAR FISSION, which consists of the following four areas: reactor safety, waste management (including partitioning and transmutation), future systems (including high temperature reactors), and radiation protection. More specifically, this paper deals with the strategy, the organisation and the main achievements of the 73 multi-partner projects cosponsored by the European Union as 'indirect actions' (shared-cost and concerted actions). These projects are organised in three clusters, each devoted to one key safety issue. Each cluster is treated in a separate section of this paper, namely: (1) Plant Life Extension and Management (PLEM cluster), (2) Severe Accident Management (SAM cluster), and (3) Evolutionary Safety Concepts (EVOL cluster). The total cost of the 'indirect actions' of this Community research area is approximately Euro 82.5 million, out of which Euro 43 million is contributed by the EU budget. At FISA-2001, only the 'indirect actions' that started before 1 January 2001, were formally presented, i.e. a total of 41 projects - the 32 more recent multi-partner projects were

  17. The EC6 - an enhanced mid-sized reactor with fuel cycle applications

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Soulard, M.; Yu, S.; Hopwood, J.; Hastings, I.J.

    2011-01-01

    Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) has two CANDU reactor products matched to markets: the Enhanced CANDU 6 (EC6), a modern 700 MWe-class design, and the Advanced CANDU Reactor (ACR-1000), a 1200 MWe-class Gen III+ design. Both reactor types are designed to meet both market-, and customer-driven needs; the ACR-1000 design is 90% complete and market-ready. The EC6 incorporates the CANDU 6's well-proven features, and adds enhancements that make the reactor even safer and easier to operate. The EC6 is the only mid-sized reactor with a proven pedigree that meets modern reactor expectations and regulatory standards. It is sized for smaller grids and also has outstanding fuel-cycle capability. The EC6 has domestic and offshore market pull and is the current focus of AECL's development program; market interest in the ACR-1000 is anticipated in the longer term. Some of the key features incorporated into the EC6 include upgrading containment and seismic capability to meet modern standards, shortening the overall project schedule, addressing obsolescence issues, optimizing maintenance outages and incorporating lessons learnt through feedback obtained from the operating plants. The EC6 utilizes modern computers and a distributed control system housed in an advanced control room which, along with automated testing and on-line diagnostics, make the plant easier and safer to operate, with minimal operator intervention. The first deployment of the EC6 is anticipated in Canada; off-shore markets are also being pursued. The EC6 burns natural uranium as standard. But, high neutron economy, on-power refuelling, a simple fuel bundle, and the fundamental CANDU fuel channel design provide the EC6 with the flexibility to accommodate a range of advanced fuels. (author)

  18. Evaluation of COSMO-ART in the Framework of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Giordano, Lea; Brunner, Dominik; Im, Ulas; Galmarini, Stefano

    2014-05-01

    The Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) coordinated by the EC-JRC and US-EPA, promotes since 2008 research on regional air quality model evaluation across the atmospheric modelling communities of Europe and North America. AQMEII has now reached its Phase 2 that is dedicated to the evaluation of on-line coupled chemistry-meteorology models as opposed to Phase 1 where only off-line models were considered. At European level, AQMEII collaborates with the COST Action "European framework for on-line integrated air quality and meteorology modelling" (EuMetChem). All European groups participating in AQMEII performed simulations over the same spatial domain (Europe at a resolution of about 20 km) and using the same simulation strategy (e.g. no nudging allowed) and the same input data as much as possible. The initial and boundary conditions (IC/BC) were shared between all groups. Emissions were provided by the TNO-MACC database for anthropogenic emissions and the FMI database for biomass burning emissions. Chemical IC/BC data were taken from IFS-MOZART output, and meteorological IC/BC from the ECWMF global model. Evaluation data sets were collected by the Joint Research Center (JRC) and include measurements from surface in situ networks (AirBase and EMEP), vertical profiles from ozone sondes and aircraft (MOZAIC), and remote sensing (AERONET, satellites). Since Phase 2 focuses on on-line coupled models, a special effort is devoted to the detailed speciation of particulate matter components, with the goal of studying feedback processes. For the AQMEII exercise, COSMO-ART has been run with 40 levels of vertical resolution, and a chemical scheme that includes the SCAV module of Knote and Brunner (ACP 2013) for wet-phase chemistry and the SOA treatment according to VBS (volatility basis set) approach (Athanasopoulou et al., ACP 2013). The COSMO-ART evaluation shows that, next to a good performance in the meteorology, the gas phase chemistry is well

  19. Modelling the heat dynamics of building integrated and ventilated photovoltaic modules

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Friling, N.; Jimenez, M.J.; Bloem, H.

    2009-01-01

    the heat transfer from the PV module. The experiment and data originate from a test reference module the EC-JRC Ispra. The set-up provides the opportunity of changing physical parameters, the ventilation speed and the type of air flow, and this makes it possible to determine the preferable set......, are applied in the set-up combined with high level of air flow. The improved description by the model is mainly seen in periods with high solar radiation....

  20. Design and Implementation of Equipment for Enhanced Safeguards of a Plutonium Storage in a Reprocessing Plant

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Richir, P.; Dechamp, L.; Buchet, P.; Dransart, P.; Dzbikowicz, Z.; Peerani, P.; ); Pierssens, L.; Persson, L.; Ancius, D.; Synetos, S.; ); Edmonds, N.; Homer, A.; Benn, K.-A.; Polkey, A.

    2015-01-01

    The Nuclear Security unit (NUSEC) of the Institute for Transuranium Elements (ITU, JRC) was entrusted by DG ENER to design and implement equipment in order to achieve enhanced safeguards of a plutonium dioxide storage located on the MAGNOX reprocessing plant in Sellafield (UK). Enhanced safeguards must lead to a win-win situation for all parties involved. In this case the DG ENER inspectorate will save inspection time, manpower and future financial resources and the operator will have the right to access its storage without the need for inspector presence. To reach this goal, while at the same time taking into account current budget constraints, NUSEC developed applications that use equipment commonly used in the safety and security fields but so far have not been used in safeguards. For instance, two laser scanners are used to detect entry/exit events into and out of the store and to provide the necessary information to an algorithm in order to categorize objects/people passing the scanners, e.g., a Fork Lift Truck, a trolley used to bring in PuO 2 containers, a system used for the dispatch of cans, people, etc. An RFID reader is used to identify equipment duly authorized to access the store. All PuO 2 containers arriving from the production line must be weighed, identified and measured using gamma and neutron detectors before they can be transferred to the store. For this purpose an Unattended Combined Measurement System (UCMS) was designed and manufactured by the JRC in order to do all verification activities using a single instrument. This paper describes the design features of the equipment and its implementation with the support of the Sellafield Ltd. in the framework of the MAGNOX store project. (author)

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