Matematikken bag satellitnavigation. GPS - GLONASS - GALILEO

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Johan P.

2012-01-01

affyringspositionen. Det kostede 12 milliarder US dollars og er nu tilgængeligt for alle. USSR og Kina har tilsvarende militære systemer GLONASS og COMPASS. GALILEO er et nyt europæisk system under udvikling af EU og European Space Agency (20 mia. Euro) med et kommercielt sigte, der forventes at tages i drift i...

Fra Bach til Beatles på tre måneder!

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bonde, Anders

2006-01-01

Fra Bach til Beatles på tre måneder! Didaktiske overvejelser og erfaringer på baggrund af nyt et-semesters oversigtskursus Anders Bonde Fra og med september 2005 har man på musikuddannelsen ved Aalborg Universitet, som led i implementeringen af en ny tofaglig bachelorstruktur, udviklet et nyt...

Starskuddet til det postfaktuelle demokrati: "Alternative kendsgerninger"

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hendricks, Vincent Fella

2017-01-01

Et nyt begreb har set dagens lys efter Donald Trumps tiltrædelse som USA’s 45. præsident – ”alternative kendsgerninger”.......Et nyt begreb har set dagens lys efter Donald Trumps tiltrædelse som USA’s 45. præsident – ”alternative kendsgerninger”....

The Interleukin-20 Cytokine Family in Liver Disease

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Esther Caparrós

2018-05-01

Full Text Available The three main causes of inflammation and chronic injury in the liver are viral hepatitis, alcohol consumption, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, all of which can lead to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, which in turn may prompt the need for liver transplant. The interleukin (IL-20 is a subfamily part of the IL-10 family of cytokines that helps the liver respond to damage and disease, they participate in the control of tissue homeostasis, and in the immunological responses developed in this organ. The best-studied member of the family in inflammatory balance of the liver is the IL-22 cytokine, which on the one hand may have a protective role in fibrosis progression but on the other may induce liver tissue susceptibility in hepatocellular carcinoma development. Other members of the family might also carry out this dual function, as some of them share IL receptor subunits and signal through common intracellular pathways. Investigators are starting to consider the potential for targeting IL-20 subfamily members in liver disease. The recently explored role of miRNA in the transcriptional regulation of IL-22 and IL-24 opens the door to promising new approaches for controlling the local immune response and limiting organ injury. The IL-20RA cytokine receptor has also been classified as being under miRNA control in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Moreover, researchers have proposed combining anti-inflammatory drugs with IL-22 as a hepatoprotective IL for alcoholic liver disease (ALD treatment, and clinical trials of ILs for managing severe alcoholic-derived liver degeneration are ongoing. In this review, we focus on exploring the role of the IL-20 subfamily of cytokines in viral hepatitis, ALD, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as delineating the main strategies explored so far in terms of therapeutic possibilities of the IL-20 subfamily of cytokines in liver disease.

Toneren kvalitetskrise på Hawaii

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Redvall, Eva Novrup

2012-01-01

Syv år efter ’Sideways’ er Alexander Payne omsider tilbage med et nyt galleri af kantede karakterer og komplicerede livskriser i Hawaii-herligheden ’The Descendants’......Syv år efter ’Sideways’ er Alexander Payne omsider tilbage med et nyt galleri af kantede karakterer og komplicerede livskriser i Hawaii-herligheden ’The Descendants’...

Personaliseret storytelling

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jantzen, Christian

2008-01-01

Følelsesmarkedet er både nyt og gammelt. Nyt, fordi mikroøkonomien først i det seneste årti har fået øjnene op for følelsers rolle i almindelige beslutningsprocesser. Ældgammelt, fordi markedsføring i mere end hundrede år har handlet om at kommunikere og iscenesætte, så det appellerer til følelse...... følelserne. Artiklen forklarer, hvordan denne velkendte appel kan få et nyt virkemiddel: nemlig ved at spille ind på forbrugeres ønske om at være medproducent af ikke kun mening, men også varen. Der gives et eksempel på "personlig storytelling".    ...

Hvad er hot og hvad er not? Forskning i FM - 2016

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Susanne Balslev

2016-01-01

I anledning af årsskiftet og DFM netværks nytårskur giver jeg her et bud på, hvad der kendetegner forskning i FM netop nu.......I anledning af årsskiftet og DFM netværks nytårskur giver jeg her et bud på, hvad der kendetegner forskning i FM netop nu....

Facilitated Work Based Learning - analyseret i et pragmatisk perspektiv

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thomassen, Anja Overgaard

Ph.d.-afhandlingen behandler, med afsæt i John Deweys (1859-1952) pragmatisme, Facilitated Work Based Learning (FWBL) der er en tilgang til efter/videreuddannelse. På baggrund af konkrete uddannelsesforløb gennemført ud fra FWBL analyseres de udfordringer der opstår omkring gennemførelse af...... mødes for at samarbejde. Afhandlingen bidrager med et nyt begreb kaldet "den tredje kontekst" der tydeliggør, hvordan uddannelse, der gennemføres i en virksomhed, kan forstås. Ligeledes udvikles der, med afsæt i Deweys pragmatisme, en model der tydeliggør, hvorledes kompetenceudvikling kan understøttes...

Nyt fra videnskaberne 2 : Faldforebyggelse

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Evron, Lotte

2012-01-01

faldforebyggelse samt barrierer og motivation for deltagelse i faldforebyggelsesprogrammer (McMahon et al 2011, Calhoun et al 2011, Evron et al, 2009, Bunn et al, 2008). I mit ph.d. projekt forsøger jeg at afdække det paradoks, at hvis faldforebyggelse både er godt for individet og samfundet, hvorfor deltager......Fald er et af de alvorligste sundhedsproblemer for ældre. Fysisk træning kan forebygge fald og spare samfund og individ for mange byrder (WHO, 2007) desværre deltager kun få i faldforebyggelsesprogrammer (Bunn et al, 2008). En ny gren inden for faldforskning undersøger opfattelser af fald og...

Clinical significance of changes of plasma endothelin vasoactive factors (ET and NO) as well as serum related interleukin (IL-6 and IL-8) levels in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Ying

2009-01-01

Objective: To investigate the clinical etiological significance of changes of plasma endothelin (ET) and nitric oxide (NO) as well as serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension. Methods: Plasma ET (with RIA), NO (with biochemistry) and serum IL-6, IL-8 (with RIA) levels were measured in 32 pregnant women with PIH, 35 normal pregnant women without PIH and 35 non-pregnant women (as controls). Results: The plasma ET, NO level were significantly higher in normal pregnant women than those in the non-pregnant women controls, while serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 levels were only slightly higher without significance (P>0.05). Before treatment, the blood ET, IL-6 and IL- 8 levels were significantly higher in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension than those in the control (P<0.01), while plasma levels of NO were significantly decreased (P<0.01), Two weeks after treatment, the plasma ET, NO and serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels were markedly corrected with no significantly differences from those in controls. The ET levels and serum IL-6, IL-8 levels were mutually positively correlated (r=0.6097, 0.7213, P<0.01). Conclusion: Determination of changes of plasma ET and NO, serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension was helpful for outcome prediction. (authors)

File list: Oth.ALL.20.Ets1.AllCell [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available Oth.ALL.20.Ets1.AllCell mm9 TFs and others Ets1 All cell types SRX188797,SRX188794,...SRX505075,SRX505074,SRX063927,SRX092599,SRX184868,SRX184867,SRX1337734,SRX039484 http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/mm9/assembled/Oth.ALL.20.Ets1.AllCell.bed ...

Er det legitimt at være gammel og svækket?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thuesen, Jette

2013-01-01

I artiklen diskuteres rehabilitering som begreb og som praksis. Artiklen indgår i temanummer af tidsskriftet Gerontologi om hverdagsrehabilitering og er en kritisk kommentar til italesættelsen af hverdagsrehabilitering som et nyt paradigme.......I artiklen diskuteres rehabilitering som begreb og som praksis. Artiklen indgår i temanummer af tidsskriftet Gerontologi om hverdagsrehabilitering og er en kritisk kommentar til italesættelsen af hverdagsrehabilitering som et nyt paradigme....

Virksomhedens skattepolitik

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Feldthusen, Rasmus Kristian

2010-01-01

Artiklen belyser den økonomiske dimension af corporate social responsibility (CSR) med fokus på virksomhedens skattepolitik. Der er tale om et nyt emne, der kommer større og større fokus på.......Artiklen belyser den økonomiske dimension af corporate social responsibility (CSR) med fokus på virksomhedens skattepolitik. Der er tale om et nyt emne, der kommer større og større fokus på....

Digitaliseret 3D-print i metal åbner ny verden for industrien

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lassen, Lisbeth

2018-01-01

Indenfor dansk produktionsindustri er 3D-print i metal stadig et nyt og relativt uprøvet område, hvor man i høj grad mangler digitale redskaber til at håndtere produktionen.......Indenfor dansk produktionsindustri er 3D-print i metal stadig et nyt og relativt uprøvet område, hvor man i høj grad mangler digitale redskaber til at håndtere produktionen....

Derfor ødelægger sociale medier din koncentration

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hendricks, Vincent Fella; Wiewiura, Joachim Schmidt

2016-01-01

Digitale teknologier som smartphones, der gør os i stand til at være online konstant, kan ødelægge koncentrationen. Hvad, der sker, kan forklares og analyseres via et nyt begreb, 'pinball-effekten'.......Digitale teknologier som smartphones, der gør os i stand til at være online konstant, kan ødelægge koncentrationen. Hvad, der sker, kan forklares og analyseres via et nyt begreb, 'pinball-effekten'....

Blended Learning Analytics Model for Evaluation (BLAME). Et case-studie af universitetsunderviseres brug af Blackboard

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Musaeus, Peter; Bennedsen, Andreas Brændstrup; Hansen, Janne Saltoft

2015-01-01

I denne artikel vil vi præsentere en strategi til inddragelse af læringsanalytik (learning analytics) ved evaluering af universitetsunderviseres brug af et nyt LMS på Aarhus Universitet: Blackboard. Vi diskuterer en model (BLAME: Blended Learning Analytics Model of Evaluation) for, hvordan...... kategorisering af kurser og data om læringsanalytik indsamlet på Blackboard kan integreres. Endvidere belyser vi, hvilke implikationer en sådan læringsanalytik kan have for blended learning ved at analysere to forskellige uddannelses-cases/illustrationer. Dernæst diskuterer vi pædagogisk udvikling i forbindelse...

The interleukin-20 receptor axis in early rheumatoid arthritis: novel links between disease-associated autoantibodies and radiographic progression

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kragstrup, Tue Wenzel; Greisen, Stinne Ravn; Nielsen, Morten Aagaard

2016-01-01

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is often characterized by the presence of rheumatoid factor, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies, and bone erosions. Current therapies can compromise immunity, leading to risk of infection. The interleukin-20 receptor (IL-20R) axis comprising IL-19, IL-20...... the production of the IL-20R cytokines by monocytes/macrophages. Increased baseline plasma concentrations of IL-20 and IL-24 were associated with Sharp-van der Heijde score progression after 24 months (Spearman's rho = 0.19 and 0.26, both P ... by osteoclast precursors and in multinucleated osteoclasts. IL-20 and IL-24 increased the secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 by these cells. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that IL-20 and IL-24 link RA-associated autoantibodies with radiographic progression via the IL-22R1. Modulation of this axis...

Sciences et éthique | conférence d'Axel Kahn | 20 novembre

CERN Multimedia

2012-01-01

Mardi 20 novembre 2012 à 20h30 Globe de la science et de l'innovation Route de Meyrin, 1211 Genève En français Tout public - entrée libre Nombre de places limité - réservation indispensable Réservation au +41 22 767 76 76 Parce que « le savoir est pouvoir pour l'homme de se rendre comme maître et possesseur de la nature », nous sommes collectivement de plus en plus savant et de plus en plus puissant. Reste à ce que notre sagesse nous conduise à utiliser nos pouvoirs au profit des personnes, et non à leur détriment, en d'autres termes, à ce que le progrès scientifique constitue une chance et non une menace. Pour qu'il en soit ainsi, il importe de non seulement développer les sciences et les techniques mais aussi de leur assigner des objectifs au centre desquels résident l'...

Megabyer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Matthiessen, Christian Wichmann

2013-01-01

Megabyer defineres ved deres størrelse, men er interessante ikke blot fordi de er store, men fordi de repræsenterer et nyt fænomen i den globale urbaniseringsproces. Deres indmarch blev indledt i det 20. århundrede, og de vil formentlig udgøre en mere og mere markant storbytype i løbet af det 21....

Learning design – praktisk planlægning af et blended undervisningsforløb

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Janne Saltoft

undervisningsplanlægning. Model og toolkit introduceres desuden generelt som planlægningsværktøj på Health til planlægning af blendede undervisningsforløb. På workshoppen præsenteres learning design-model og toolkit, samt de teoretiske rammer, som de valg, der er truffet i forbindelse med udviklingen, er baseret på......I 2011 vedtog Aarhus Universitet en politik for educational it, der indeholdt visioner for anskaffelse af et nyt learning management system (LMS), undervisningsudvikling og uddannelse af undervisere. Blackboard blev anskaffet, og implementering samt uddannelse af undervisere startede i slutningen...... udvidet kursus. For at eksplicitere og kvalitetssikre undervisningsplanlægningen med educational it blev det besluttet at binde undervisningen i Blackboard op på et learning design med en central learning design-model, som skulle lægge op til at skabe sammenhængende undervisning, understøtte aktiverende...

Outdoor i integrationsarbejde - et nyt EU projekt

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kjeldsen, Lis Reinholdt

2014-01-01

Beskriver opstarten af det internationale projekt, hvor omgivelserne anvendes i læreprocesser for nytilkomne. Samarbejdspartnere er Linköbing Universitet i Sverige, Novia Yrkeshøgskola i Finland, Bologna Universitet i Italien. Projektet vil udvikle læreplan til anvendelse for undervisere af nytil...... nytilkomne, hvor Outdoor learning i naturen og de kulturelle omgivelser anvendes....

Teori T

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ingerslev, Karen; Eg, Birgit; Krøll, Vibeke

2014-01-01

Teori T er udviklet som en nytænkning af vigtige kompetencer i sygeplejen. Baggrunden er de mange omstillinger i sundhedsvæsenet, der kræver et blik på patienten som ”vores” og dermed en sygeplejetænkning, der krydser grænser.......Teori T er udviklet som en nytænkning af vigtige kompetencer i sygeplejen. Baggrunden er de mange omstillinger i sundhedsvæsenet, der kræver et blik på patienten som ”vores” og dermed en sygeplejetænkning, der krydser grænser....

Løkkes ghettoblaster

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kock, Christian Erik J

2018-01-01

Retorikprofessor og k-ekspert Christian Kock analyserer statsministerens nytårstale, der lod sig kendetegne ved det store "vi", formuleringer på pixibog-niveau og et lidt for stort fokus på udlændingepolitik. Løkke forspildte sin mulighed for at vise lederskab.......Retorikprofessor og k-ekspert Christian Kock analyserer statsministerens nytårstale, der lod sig kendetegne ved det store "vi", formuleringer på pixibog-niveau og et lidt for stort fokus på udlændingepolitik. Løkke forspildte sin mulighed for at vise lederskab....

Personaliseret storytelling

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jantzen, Christian

2011-01-01

Følelsesmarkedet er både nyt og gammelt. Nyt, fordi mikroøkonomien først i det seneste årti har fået øjnene op for følelsernes rolle i almindelige beslutningsprocesser. Ældgammelt, fordi markedsføring i mere en hundrede år har handlet om at kommunikere og iscenesætte, så det appellerer til følels...

Fremtidens produktion - på mikro og nano niveau

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Hans Nørgaard

Der tales seriøst om nanoteknologi som et nyt segment hos produktionsvirksomhederne, og alle kan se, at chip-topologien når nano-dimensioner i løbet af 2003 - 2005. Det er en stor udfordring at skabe det operationelle grundlag for en industriel produktion af mikro-teknologiske produkter. Efterhån......Der tales seriøst om nanoteknologi som et nyt segment hos produktionsvirksomhederne, og alle kan se, at chip-topologien når nano-dimensioner i løbet af 2003 - 2005. Det er en stor udfordring at skabe det operationelle grundlag for en industriel produktion af mikro-teknologiske produkter...

Impact 2.0 : nouveaux mécanismes d'arrimage entre la recherche et ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Parallèlement, les services et les applications Web, notamment les wikis et les sites de réseautage social, connaissent un essor phénoménal à l'échelle planétaire. Ce qu'on appelle le Web 2.0 a déjà des retombées significatives sur la vie sociale et l'action politique des gens, de même que sur des secteurs comme la ...

Bænken på kanten. Social kapital, lokalsamfund og lokalt forankrede kulturbærende institutioner

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lolle, Anna Kristine E. L.

dens operationalisering diskuteres i afhandlingen, og diskussionen leder op til et forslag om at inddrage et nyt aspekt, når man undersøger social kapital i lokalsamfund. Et aspekt som mine data viste var et vigtigt element i dannelsen af de sociale netværk, tilliden og reciprociteten, nemlig et...

Sundhedsfremmende egenomsorg

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Høy, Bente

2012-01-01

Dette kapitel giver et billede af, hvordan patienterfaringer kan bidrage til at kaste nyt lys over et sundhedsfagligt begreb – her begrebet egenomsorg. Egenomsorg er et centralt begreb i den sundhedsprofessionelle indsat for patienter med kroniske lidelser og for geriatriske patienter, men vi ved...

Nutidig mental sundhedsfremme i et historisk Mind-Cure perspektiv

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wistoft, Karen

2014-01-01

. Konklusionen er, mental sundhedspædagogik må konfrontere både positive og negative realiteter med tilgange, der kan hjælpe mennesker til at opretholde deres vilje til at være – selv under svære, uforanderlige eller begrænsede livsbetingelser. Summary (English) These days we face a whirl of mental health...... of physicians' practice in the promotion of mental health. He saw the Mind-Cure as a typically American, pragmatic twist on mental health perceptions, through the religion of Healthy-Mindedness related to time. James was an advocate of carrying out empirical studies which could bring the effects of Healthy......Mental sundhedsfremme og dertil knyttede metoder er i stærk vækst i velfærdssamfundet. Mental sundhed er dog ikke et nyt fænomen. Ved begyndelsen af det tyvende århundrede fremhævede Mind-Cure-bevægelsen i USA den helbredende kraft af positive følelser og overbevisninger. William James (1842...

Bitcoins

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kühn Pedersen, Mogens

2018-01-01

Bitcoins udtænkt i 2008 og bragt i omløb de følgende 10 år fungerer nu i en anden politisk-økonomisk ramme end ved lanceringen. Disse rammer afslører nu betydelige svagheder ved de oprindelige forestillinger on et nyt pengesystem med en ny global pengeenhed.......Bitcoins udtænkt i 2008 og bragt i omløb de følgende 10 år fungerer nu i en anden politisk-økonomisk ramme end ved lanceringen. Disse rammer afslører nu betydelige svagheder ved de oprindelige forestillinger on et nyt pengesystem med en ny global pengeenhed....

Dansk biomedicin under mikroskopet: Positive og negative feedback mekanismer i forskningens belønningssystem

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kladakis, Alexander; Aagaard, Kaare

2017-01-01

Et nyt dansk studie zoomer ind på de lokale konsekvenser af et ekstremt kompetitivt biomedicinsk forskningsklima, hvor adgang til eksterne midler efterhånden er et uomgængeligt overlevelseskrav. Studiet illustrerer, hvordan store bevillinger ikke blot starter en opadgående spiral for bevillingsmo...

Amateurisme cartographique et géographique à l’heure du web 2.0

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Henry Bakis

2013-06-01

Full Text Available La production et la diffusion du savoir géographique subissent d’amples transformations avec l’apparition du web 2.0 et celle des globes virtuels (Google earth de Google, Virtual earth de Microsoft, Worldwind de la NASA. Une production d’intérêt géographique en résulte, hors des milieux qui, jusqu’à ces dernières années, en étaient les initiateurs et les utilisateurs obligés : Universités, organismes de recherche, géographes professionnels, Etats, ONG, militaires, producteurs de cartes et d’imagerie satellite… Cet article fait le point sur ces nouveaux usages et tente d’en percevoir la spécificité et les enjeux. À partir d’un état des lieux autour de la notion de néogéographie, il présente les quatre actions fondamentales de cet univers (géolocaliser, créer, réagir et contester.

Får fagbevægelsen et nyt flagskib?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, Henning; Høgedahl, Laust Kristian

2018-01-01

LO og FTF beslutter den 13.4.2018, om de vil fusionere. Strategiske hensyn og perspektiver for fusion ridses op......LO og FTF beslutter den 13.4.2018, om de vil fusionere. Strategiske hensyn og perspektiver for fusion ridses op...

Tensile deformations in mono- and polycrystalline uranium between 20 deg. C and -196 deg. C; Deformation par traction de l'uranium mono- et polycristallin entre 20 deg. C et -196 deg. C

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lemogne, A [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1965-06-01

Tensile stress tests been carried out at low temperatures (between 20 C and -196 C) on monocrystalline and polycrystalline uranium of various purities. The mechanical properties of the monocrystals have been related, at all temperatures, to plastic flow mechanisms. Below -100 C brittle fracture occurs on the planes making up the twins. A detailed study of the plastic behaviour at -196 C has made it possible to show that all the twin planes except the [176] plane were liable to become privileged planes for brittle fracture. The mechanical properties of the polycrystals, the breaking stress and the elongation at breaking point, decrease as the temperature decreases from 20 to -196 C; they undergo a transition however - not to be confused with the ductile-brittle transition - whose position and strength depend on the grain size and on the purity. It has been verified also that Petch's law is approximately applicable to the plastic flow and rupture stresses; a study has also been made of the influence of temperature and purity on the constants occurring in this equation. Finally, experiments at -196 C on the deformation up to breaking point of polycrystalline samples cold-worked at 20 C have shown the importance of the role played by intergranular cracks in the plastic behaviour of uranium. (author) [French] Des essais de traction ont ete realises a basse temperature (entre 20 C et -196 C, sur des monocristaux et des polycristaux d'uranium de differentes puretes. Les proprietes mecaniques des monocristaux ont ete reliees, a toutes temperatures, aux mecanismes d'ecoulement plastique. Une rupture fragile intervient a partir de -100 C sur les plans de composition de macle. L'etude detaillee du comportement plastique a -196 C a permis de preciser que tous les plans de macle, sauf [176], etaient susceptibles de devenir des plans de rupture fragile privilegies. Les proprietes mecaniques des polycristaux, contrainte de rupture et allongement a la rupture, decroissent quand on

LBA Regional Monthly Climatology for the 20th Century (New et al.)

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — ABSTRACT: This data set is a subset of "Global Monthly Climatology for the 20th Century (New et al.)" (2000a). This subset characterizes mean monthly surface climate...

LBA Regional Monthly Climatology for the 20th Century (New et al.)

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — This data set is a subset of "Global Monthly Climatology for the 20th Century (New et al.)" (2000a). This subset characterizes mean monthly surface climate over the...

Ømålsordbogen som leksikografisk, sproglig og kulturhistorisk resurse

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gudiksen, Asgerd; Hovmark, Henrik

2018-01-01

-format, indkøb og opsætning af et nyt databasebaseret redigeringsværktøj (iLEX) inkl. udarbejdelse af xml-skema samt publiceringsløsning. Både database og publiceringsløsning forsøges så vidt muligt tilrettelagt så ordbogen fremover ikke er bundet til at udkomme på tryk, men også er forberedt til publicering på...... gang med en ny digitaliseringsproces finansieret af Carlsbergfondet. Processen har omfattet flere forskellige dele: udarbejdelse af en dania-font i unicode, et nyt korpusværktøj (i samarbejde med Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab), digitalisering af de trykte bind 1–11 (a–lindorm) til xml...

Hvordan kan staten fremme innovation, der fører til bæredygtige energisystemer?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Helle Ørsted; Pedersen, Anders Branth

2013-01-01

I forbindelse med finanskrisen er der kommet globalt fokus på, at en omstilling til bæredygtig ener-giproduktion kan udgøre et nyt vækstlokomotiv og reducere CO2-udslip (Klimakommissionen 2010; OECD 2011). I et politologisk perspektiv er et relevant spørgsmål derfor, hvordan offentlige politikker...

Hulusi Behçet, M.D. (20th February, 1889-18th March, 1948

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yalçın Tüzün

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Dr. Hulusi Behçet (1889-1948 is a famous Turkish dermatologist. He was born in Istanbul on February 20, 1889. His father was Ahmet Behçet and his mother was Ayşe Behçet. Dr. Hulusi Behçet pursued his education at Gülhane Military Medical Academy. After he had become a medical doctor, he specialized in dermatology and venereal disease at Gülhane Military Medical Academy and he completed his specialization in 1914. Dr. Behçet followed the symptoms of three patients whom he had had for years, then he decided that they were the symptoms of a new disease (1936. He died from a sudden heart attack on March 8, 1948. Today, this disease is universally called Behcet's disease in medical literature.

Physiologie de l'immunité colostrale chez les porcins et facteurs de ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

1Centre Béninois de la Recherche Scientifique et de l'Innovation, 03 BP 1665 Cotonou, République du Bénin. .... truie sont les interleukines 4, 6, 10 et 12 (IL-4,. IL-6 ...... sur les résultats techniques des truies .... Diagnostic des nouveaux cas.

Digital Disruption

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rosenstand, Claus Andreas Foss

det digitale domæne ud over det niveau, der kendetegner den nuværende debat, så præsenteres der ny viden om digital disruption. Som noget nyt udlægges Clayton Christens teori om disruptiv innovation med et særligt fokus på små organisationers mulighed for eksponentiel vækst. Specielt udfoldes...... forholdet mellem disruption og den stadig accelererende digitale udvikling i konturerne til ny teoridannelse om digital disruption. Bogens undertitel ”faretruende og fascinerende forandringer” peger på, at der er behov for en nuanceret debat om digital disruption i modsætning til den tone, der er slået an i...... videre kalder et ”disruption-råd”. Faktisk er rådet skrevet ind i 2016 regeringsgrundlaget for VLK-regeringen. Disruption af organisationer er ikke et nyt fænomen; men hastigheden, hvormed det sker, er stadig accelererende. Årsagen er den globale mega-trend: Digitalisering. Og derfor er specielt digital...

Den fjerde vej: Trumps sejr skaber ny samfundsorden

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rasmussen, Martin Møller Boje; Andersen, Torben K.; Kragh, Claus

2016-01-01

Bag Donald Trumps uempatiske retorik gemmer sig omridset af et politisk projekt, man kan kalde den fjerde vej. USA’s kommende præsident blander højre- og venstreorienterede mærkesager til et nyt nationalsocialt politisk koncept. Spørgsmålet er, om Trumps fjerde vej er et seriøst bud på en ny...

Fuld kraft frem

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Adler-Nissen, Rebecca

2007-01-01

Traktaten har fået et nyt navn, symbolerne er pillet ud, men i substansen er der sket meget få ændringer. Hele forhandlingsforløbet har haft ét formål: at få vedtaget traktaten uden at spørge de europæiske befolkninger....

På sporet af fremtidens konkurrenceevne

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Boje Rasmussen, Martin Møller

2013-01-01

Michael Porter og Harvard Business School står bag nyt banebrydende initiativ, Social Progress Index, som måler et samfunds evne til at skabe livskvalitet for borgerne. Dette aktualiserer debatten om udviklingen af helt nye konkurrencemodeller. Der er tale om et valg mellem tre forskellige typer...

Pharmacologic studies on ET-26 hydrochloride in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Bin; Jiang, Junli; Yang, Jun; Chen, Jun; Zhu, Zhaoqiong; Liu, Jin; Zhang, Wensheng

2017-11-15

ET-26 hydrochloride (ET-26 HCl) is a promising sedation-hypnotic compound with stable hemodynamic features that elicits virtually no adrenocortical suppression. However, whether it preserves better pharmacologic characteristics in a rat model of sepsis is not known. This study compared the survival rate, levels of corticosterone and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and histologic injury in the lungs and kidneys of rats suffering from sepsis treated with ET-26 HCl, etomidate, or normal saline (NS). Rats were given lipopolysaccharide (1mg/kg body weight, i.v.) to establish a sepsis model. Thirty minutes after lipopolysaccharide administration, ET-26 HCl, etomidate or NS were given as a bolus injection at equivalent doses. Plasma levels of corticosterone, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α were measured 1, 2, 4, 6 and 24h after administration. Histologic injury was observed at the time of death or 24h after drug administration. The survival rate for rats in the etomidate, ET-26 HCl and NS groups was 40%, 90% and 90%, respectively. Corticosterone concentrations in the etomidate group were lower than those in the other groups 1h after administration of hypnotic compounds. Concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the ET-26 HCl group and NS group were not significantly different, but were significantly lower than those in the etomidate group. The injury scores of kidneys and lungs in the etomidate group were higher than those in ET-26 HCl and NS groups. ET-26 HCl showed virtually no suppression of corticosterone synthesis, lower concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines, higher survival rate, and less organ injury in rats suffering from sepsis compared with the etomidate group. It may be safer to induce anesthesia using ET-26 HCl, rather than etomidate, in patients suffering from sepsis. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Dancando na corda bamba

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Larsen, Ingemai

2009-01-01

Artiklen analyserer Eduardo Lourenços idéhistoriske indplacering i Portugisisk tænkning samt redegør for hvorledes Lourenço 'overlevede' opkomsten af et nyt videnskabsteoretisk paradigme: konstruktivismen....

Media in Post-Communist Mongolia – challenges and opportunities in the democratization process

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Poul Erik

2009-01-01

En analyse af mediernes indflydelse på demokratiseringsprocessen i Mongoliet efter kommunismens afvikling. Analysen fokuserer på de problemer der er knyttet til introduktionen af et nyt liberalistisk mediesystem. Udgivelsesdato: November 2009...

Kovács, Mária M.2012: "Törvénytől sújtva – a numerus clausus Magyarországon, 1920-1945" (Down by the Law - the Numerus Clausus in Hungary, 1920-1945

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tamás Kovács

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Kovács, Mária M. 2012 : Törvénytől sújtva – a numerus clausus Magyarországon, 1920-1945 (Down by the Law - the Numerus Clausus in Hungary, 1920-1945. Budapest, Napvilág Kiadó, 2012. 267 pp. Reviewed by Tamás Kovács, Magyar Országos Levéltár (Hungarian National Archives, Budapest

Hvordan kan det digitale bibliotek styrke studerendes employability?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Harbo, Karen; Jensen, Thomas Skov

2015-01-01

I uddannelsespolitikken er der for tiden en stærk ambition om at øge kvaliteten af uddannelserne og skabe en bedre forbindelse til jobmarkedet. De studerendes faglighed skal styrkes, og den skal lettere kunne omsættes til et fremtidigt virke på arbejdsmarkedet. Et nyt DEFF-projekt om employabilit...

Phenylketonuria is not a risk factor for changes of inflammation status as assessed by interleukin 6 and interleukin 8 concentrations.

Science.gov (United States)

Mozrzymas, Renata; Duś-Żuchowska, Monika; Kałużny, Łukasz; Wenska-Chyży, Ewa; Walkowiak, Jarosław

2016-01-01

High oxidative stress and a reduced potential for free radical scavenging in phenylketonuria (PKU) patients, a phenomenon confirmed in a few studies, may lead to systemic chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to compare the inflammation status, as assessed by interleukin 6 and interleukin 8 concentrations, in patients with PKU and in healthy controls. Twenty patients with classical PKU, aged 18-34 years and under dietary control, were enrolled in the study. The control group comprised of 20 healthy subjects matched for age and sex. Interleukin 6 and 8 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits in all study participants. IL-6 concentrations in the study group ranged from 0.74 pg/ml to 1.34 pg/ml. No significant differences were found between IL-6 concentration between the study group and the control group (p = 0.989). IL-8 concentrations ranged from 17.56 pg/ml to 20.87 pg/ml. The obtained results of IL-8 levels did not differ significantly between the study group and control group (p = 0.192). No significant correlation was observed between Phe blood levels and IL-6 or IL-8 concentrations in the study group (ρ respectively: -0.225, 0.177). In a multivariate analysis, neither IL-6 nor IL-8 concentrations were correlated with sex, age, BMI and Phe levels. Phenylketonuria is not a risk factor for changes of inflammation status as assessed by IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations.

Green Space Award

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lindholst, Andrej Christian; Jensen, Marianne; Konijnendijk, Cecil Cornelis

2012-01-01

Siden 2009 har et stort nordisk netværk arbejdet på at udvikle et nyt kvalitetsstempel for parker og bynære grønne områder. Udviklingsarbejdet nærmer sig sin afslutning, og delresultater præsenteres og demonstreres på Danske Parkdage 2012 i Aalborg. Her gives et overblik over kernen i det ny kval...

Terapeutiske vacciner er et nyt behandlingsprincip ved kastrationsresistent prostatacancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Djurhuus, Sissal Sigmundsdóttir; Brasso, Klaus; Berg, Kasper Drimer

2015-01-01

Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is defined as tumour progression despite castrate levels of serum testosterone. During the past decade a number of new therapies, including chemotherapy and novel endocrine agents have been approved for CRPC treatment. The continued need for new effective...... drugs in CRPC has led to development of a novel therapeutic approach in CRPC treatment. Therapeutic vaccines activate the immune system to kill prostate cancer cells. This review describes recent pivotal phase 2 and 3 trials of CRPC vaccines and discusses the impact on future CRPC management....

Changes in environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure over a 20-year period: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses

Science.gov (United States)

Jefferis, Barbara J; Thomson, Andrew G; Lennon, Lucy T; Feyerabend, Colin; Doig, Mira; McMeekin, Laura; Wannamethee, S Goya; Cook, Derek G; Whincup, Peter H

2009-01-01

Aims To examine long-term changes in environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in British men between 1978 and 2000, using serum cotinine. Design Prospective cohort: British Regional Heart Study. Setting General practices in 24 towns in England, Wales and Scotland. Participants Non-smoking men: 2125 studied at baseline [questionnaire (Q1): 1978–80, aged 40–59 years], 3046 studied 20 years later (Q20: 1998–2000, aged 60–79 years) and 1208 studied at both times. Non-smokers were men reporting no current smoking with cotinine < 15 ng/ml at Q1 and/or Q20. Measurements Serum cotinine to assess ETS exposure. Findings In cross-sectional analysis, geometric mean cotinine level declined from 1.36 ng/ml [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31, 1.42] at Q1 to 0.19 ng/ml (95% CI: 0.18, 0.19) at Q20. The prevalence of cotinine levels ≤ 0.7 ng/ml [associated with low coronary heart disease (CHD) risk] rose from 27.1% at Q1 to 83.3% at Q20. Manual social class and northern region of residence were associated with higher mean cotinine levels both at Q1 and Q20; older age was associated with lower cotinine level at Q20 only. Among 1208 persistent non-smokers, cotinine fell by 1.47 ng/ml (95% CI: 1.37, 1.57), 86% decline. Absolute falls in cotinine were greater in manual occupational groups, in the Midlands and Scotland compared to southern England, although percentage decline was very similar across groups. Conclusions A marked decline in ETS exposure occurred in Britain between 1978 and 2000, which is likely to have reduced ETS-related disease risks appreciably before the introduction of legislation banning smoking in public places. PMID:19207361

Copenhagen ITS: Forsøg med wifi-baseret positionering på H.C. Andersens Boulevard

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Høeg, Per; Nielsen, Thomas Sick; Olsen, Allan

2017-01-01

I samarbejde med Københavns Kommune afprøvede CITS konsortiet potentialet i wifi-baseret positionering med en forsøgsstrækning på H.C. Andersens Boulevard i vintermånederne 2014-2015. Wifi-positioneringen giver et nyt datagrundlag for trafik og bylivsundersøgelser, herunder f.eks. et grundlag...

Locus pietatis et vitae II, Vranov u Brna 20.–22. 9. 2010

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Freemanová, Michaela

2010-01-01

Roč. 47, č. 4 (2010), s. 407-409 ISSN 0018-7003. [Locus pietatis et vitae II. Vranov u Brna, 20.09.2010–22.09.2010] Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z90580513 Keywords : history * monastic orders * conference Subject RIV: AL - Art, Architecture, Cultural Heritage

Politiken, Alt om Ikast Brande (web), Lemvig Folkeblad (Web), Politiken (web), Dabladet Ringkjøbing Skjern (web)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lauritsen, Jens

2014-01-01

Politiken 01.01.2014 14:16 Danskerne skød nytåret ind med et brag, men for enkeltes vedkommende gik det galt, da nytårskrudtet blev tændt. Skadestuerne har behandlet 73 personer for fyrværkeriskader mellem klokken 18 i aftes og klokken 06 i morges. Det viser en optælling, som Politiken har...... foretaget på baggrund af tal fra Ulykkes Analyse Gruppen på Odense Universitetshospital. Artiklen er også bragt i: Alt om Ikast Brande (web), Lemvig Folkeblad (web), Politiken (web), Dagbladet Ringkjøbing Skjern (web)....

All that - and books too!

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jochumsen, Henrik; Hvenegaard, Casper

Gennem tekst og billeder fortælles en række meget forskellige bibliotekshistorier. Historier der spænder lige fra forsøget på at udvikle et nyt børnebibliotekskoncept i en forstad til New York til arbejdet med at genrejse et bibliotekssystem i New Orleans, der i bogstaveligste forstand pludselig ...

Overvågning af influenza i svin 2011

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hjulsager, Charlotte Kristiane; Breum, Solvej Østergaard; Larsen, Lars Erik

2012-01-01

Influenza i dyr udgør en trussel mod dyresundheden, dyrevelfærden, produktionsøkonomien, fødeva-resikkerheden og har givet anledning til flere pandemier i mennesker. For at kunne agere hurtigt på nye trusler (early warning) og derved holde konsekvensen af fundet af et nyt virus på et minimum, er...

H1N1 Influenza A hos mennesker og svin

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Larsen, Lars Erik

2009-01-01

Den nye pandemiske influenza A stamme H1N1 er hovedsagelig et nyt virus, som spredes mellem mennesker, men virusset er formodentlig opstået ved blanding af to svineinfluenza-virus og har derfor bibeholdt evnen til at kunne smitte fra mennesker til svin og fra svin til svin. Det er derfor vigtigt...

Østtyskland i omvæltning - kan IKT bringe tyske sundhedsaktører i samme båd?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wentzer, Helle

2008-01-01

Problematikken om affolkning af ydre landområder og manglen på sundhedstilbud er velkendt. Ambient Assisted Living, udtrykker et nyt aspekt inden for telemedicin og IKT, der søger at inddrage borgerens dagligdag og bolig i højere grad. Artiklen giver et portræt af Ambient Assisted Living i Berlin...

On the Planning of the Maussolleion at Halikarnassos

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Poul

2015-01-01

Der har gennem flere århundreder været fremsat teorier om, hvordan et af den antikke verdens Syv Underværker så ud. I denne artikel fremsættes et nyt forslag. Dette bygger på forfatterens brug af en måleenhed, som blev påvist ved de danske udgravninger af Maussollæet 1966-77 i kombination med den...

[Changes in the interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 concentrations in the blood plasma of miners working in deep coal mines].

Science.gov (United States)

Plotkin, V Ia; Rebrov, B A; Belkina, E B

2000-03-01

Blood plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured in 45 miners working in a deep coal mine immediately after work shift using an immunoenzyme technique. The highest IL-6 level was recorded in those miners engaged in hard work under most adverse conditions of underground workings--it was found to exceed the control values. The same group of workers demonstrated the lowest level of IL-10 that differed from the control value. Miners aged between 41 to 50 years working in a coal mine, their underground service duration 16 to 20 years, displayed a decline in the level of IL-6. The coal mine miners with the 11- to 15-year service duration revealed an increase in the level of IL-10.

Er der en underviser til stede?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christiansen, René Boyer; Nortvig, Anne-Mette; Rosenlund, Lea Tilde

2015-01-01

I de senere år er MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses) blevet en faktor på uddannelsesområdet. MOOC-forskning er et forholdsvist nyt felt, men har inden for de seneste 2-3 år udviklet sig med hastige skridt (Liyanagunawardena et al. 2013, Bayne & Ross 2014). En stor del af denne forskning har haft...

FILM I KUFFERTEN

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Johansen, Stine Liv; Hansen, Adriana Maria

2013-01-01

kulturen, medierne er i kulturen – også i legekulturen. Denne rapport beskriver og undersøger et særligt eksempel på medialiseret leg. På baggrund af feltstudier i fem danske børnehaver, hvor et nyt filmpædagogisk materiale – Film i Kufferten - introduceres, er det rapportens formål at eksemplificere...

ANALYSIS AND TRANSFORMATION OF WORKS IN DESIGN

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thomsen, Bente Dahl

2017-01-01

værkanalysen for arkitektur er der med den som udgangs punkt udvikle en guidelines værkanalyse af designs og undersøgt betingelserne for en vellykket transformation af æstetiske kvaliteter fra et værk til et nyt produkt. Master studerende har samtidig undersøgt hvad værkers beskriver som værende poetisk...

Sociale netværkssider og digital ungdomskultur

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Larsen, Malene Charlotte

2009-01-01

Arto, Facebook og MySpace er nogle af de internetfællesskaber, som flere hundredtusinde danskere i løbet af ganske få år har oprettet profiler på. Med fremkomsten og populariseringen af disse hjemmesider er opstået et nyt mediebegreb: sociale netværkssider (eller på engelsk: social network(ing) s...

Interleukins in preeclampsia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Olusi, Samuel O.; Diejomahoh, M.; Omu, A.; Abdulaziz, A.; Prabha, K.; George, S.

2000-01-01

Preeclampsia is a multisystemic disorder of unknown etiology. Recently,endothelial damage has been implicated in its cause. The objective of thisstudy was to determine the role of interleukins in the etiology ofpreeclampsia. 32 primigravidas with preeclampsia but without any clinicalevidence of infection and 32 age-matched primigravidas with uncomplicatednormal pregnancies were investigated. Phlebotomy was performed at 32 weeks ofgestation and blood collected for immunoassay of interleukin-2 (IL-2),interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8)andvinterleukin-10 (IL-10), using commercially available immunoassay kits.Although the maternal plasma concentrations of IL-2 and IL-2R were slightlyhigher in normal pregnant women (76.3+-13.7 pg/mL and 526+-47.1pg/mL,respectively) than in women with preeclampsia (57.8+-1.08 pg/mL and476.9+-3.9pg/mL, respectively), the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05). However, maternal plasma IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations weresignificantly higher (P<0.05) in normal pregnancy (158.0+-35.4 pg/mL and5163.6+- 800pg/mL, respectively) than in pregnancy complicated withpreeclampsia (60.0+-13.7 pg/mL and 2495.8+-729 pg/mL, respectively). On thepther hand, maternal plasma concentration of IL-10 was significantly higher(P<0.05) in preeclampsia (93.2+-24.1 pg/mL) than in normal pregnancy(31.0+-7.0 pg/mL). It is concluded that the elevated maternal plasma IL-10concentration in preeclampsia may be protective response to maternalimmunorejection. (author)

Why not treat human cancer with interleukin-1 blockade?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dinarello, C.A.

2010-01-01

The clinical successes of targeting angiogenesis provide a basis for trials of interleukin-1 (IL-1) blockade and particularly anti-IL-1beta as an add-on therapy in human metastatic disease. In animal studies for over 20 years, IL-1 has been demonstrated to increase adherence of tumor cells to the

Turister i Danmark skal have mere value-for-money

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sørensen, Flemming; Jensen, Jens Friis

2015-01-01

Den nyeste forskning viser at værdiskabelsen og produktiviteten kan øges i mange turistvirksomheder. Det kræver imidlertid nytænkning af kundemøderne i mange turistvirksomheder og et opgør med vanetænkning....

Nyt koncept forebygger sundhedsproblemer i mælkeproduktionen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rothmann Holm, Janne

2017-01-01

Overvågning: Ved brug af HACCP konceptet kan landmænd opdage og løse sundhedsproblemer hos køer på et tidligt tidspunkt. I EU projektet GplusE arbejder man på at tilpasse HACCP konceptet til brug for overvågning af sundheden i mælkeproduktionen.......Overvågning: Ved brug af HACCP konceptet kan landmænd opdage og løse sundhedsproblemer hos køer på et tidligt tidspunkt. I EU projektet GplusE arbejder man på at tilpasse HACCP konceptet til brug for overvågning af sundheden i mælkeproduktionen....

Suppression of multiple bioactivities of interleukin-1 and interleukin-2 production by U937 conditioned medium

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wiblin, R.T.; Edmonds, K.; Ellner, J.J.

1986-01-01

The human macrophage-like cell line U937 spontaneously produces a factor which blocks interleukin-1 (IL-1) activity for mouse thymocytes but not mitosis of T-lymphoblastoid cells. The authors examined the effects of U937 conditioned medium (CM) on other IL-1 activities and on interleukin-2 (IL-2) production. U937 was cultured at 5 x 10 6 /ml in RPMI-1640 at 37 0 C for 5 days. The resulting CM inhibited the mitogenic response of C3H/HeJ mouse thymocytes to an IL-1 standard, with an inhibitory of activity of 6.64 U/ml (1 U = reciprocal dilution producing 50% inhibition of maximal response). Similarly, CM inhibited (10.12 U/ml) the fibroblast stimulation promoter activity of IL-1. The effect of CM on IL-2 production was assessed in a direct assay in which IL-2 production by γ-irradiated (12,000 rads) MLA-144 lymphosarcoma cells was assayed as 3 H-thymidine incorporation in CTLL-20 cells. The suppressive activity of CM was 4.95 U/ml; CM did not interfere with the response of CTLL-20 to IL-2. These studies establish that U937 produces factors with multiple, related biological activities; U937 CM blocks IL-2 dependent (thymocyte mitogenesis) and IL-2 independent (fibroblast proliferation) IL-1 activities and interferes with production of, but not response to, IL-2. U937 is an excellent model to study growth inhibitory properties of mononuclear phagocytes

En undskyldning for slaveriet giver mening

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lægaard, Sune

2017-01-01

Statsministeren nævnte i sin nytårstale, at det i år er 100 år siden, Danmark solgte De Vestindiske Øer til USA og dermed satte et punktum for »et grusomt kapitel i vores historie«. Statsministeren kaldte slaveriet for »skamfuldt«, og det gav anledning til en diskussion om, hvorvidt vi nu kan und...

Wenn „Brüder einträchtig beieinander wohnen“

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Schwab, Heinrich Wilhelm

2012-01-01

Udgangspunkt er et maleri af Johannes Voorhout med 3 personer og forskellige instrumenter og en kanon med tekst; 2 personer kan identificeres: Johann Adam Reincken og Dieterich Buxtehude. Uløst problem er: Hvem er Buxtehude? Musikikonografisk undersøgelse med et nyt resultat pga. af sammenligning...... med datidens portrætter og kendte allegorier (”musica” og ”auditus”/ gehør)....

Modern and Convensional Wound Dressing to Interleukin 1 and Interleukin 6 in Diabetic wound

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Werna Nontji

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Introduction:Holistic wound care is one of the ways to prevent gangrene and amputation, modern wound dressing is more effective than convensional with increasing transforming growth factor and cytokine, especially interleukin. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of Modern and Convensional Wound Dressing to Interleukin 1 (IL-1 and Interleukin 6 (IL-6 in Diabetic wound. Method:A Quasi eksperimental pre-post with control group design was used. The intervention given was modern wound dressing and Control group by convensional wound dressing, This study was conducted in Makassar with 32 samples (16 in intervention group and 16 in control group. Result: The result of Pooled T- test showed that p = 0.00 (p < 0.05, it means that there was signifi cant correlation between modern wound dressing to IL-6 and IL-1 than Convensional wound dressing. Discussion: Process of wound healing was produced growth factor and cytokine (IL-1 and IL-6, it will stimulated by wound dressing, modern wound dressing (Calcium alginat can absorb wound drainage, non oklusive, non adhesif, and autolytic debridement. Keywords: Modern wound dressing, Interleukin 1 (IL-1, Interleukin 6 (IL-6

THE CHANGES IN LEVEL OF 8-ENDORPHIN, INTERLEUKIN-2, INTERLEUKIN-4, INTERLEUKIN-6, IMUNOGLOBULIN AND CORTISOL HORMONE ON PRACTICES OF BRETHING EXERCISE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rumpis Agus Sudarku

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Background: the study was to reveal the changes of immunity at breathing exercises. This was an experimental study. With randomized pre-posttest control group design. Methods: The population were students of MA Mu'alimin, in Yogyakarta. Respondents were 15 students for each groups. The unit analysis were data analysis from blood taken from vena cubiti. The dependent variables were levels of IL 6, IL 4, IL 2, cortisol, Beta Endorphin, and lgG. The training programme was conducted in 7 weeks, 3 times per week, sub maximal intensity, and 6 sets per session. The laboratory vanable were the ELISA method. Results: Manova test were p: 0,000 Implied that there were differences (Wilk Lambda pinterleukin 6 (0.367 while the other variables had less significant relation. Discriminator variables representing the function contributed to every discriminator of modulation immunity were beta endorphin, interleukin 6 and interleukin 4. Hence, beta endorphin had the strongest contribution to the increase of body immunity compared with other variables. Conclusion: Breathing exercises could increase physical fitness and impenetrability of proven body manifestly. Breathing exercise increased beta endorphin, immunoglobulin G and interleukin 6, while interleukin 2 and interleukin 4 did not increase Cortisol level did not decrease stgnificantly but there was an indication of level of cortisol decrease. Immunity modulator which caused breathing exercise stressor got by 3 groups with strong contribution on the basis concept of psychoneuroimmunologic. Key words: breathing exercise, immunity, modulation

TICs et la géographie : vers une « géographie 2.0 » ?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jérémie Valentin

2016-09-01

Full Text Available L’histoire de la géographie a souvent été marquée par le progrès des innovations techniques. Aujourd’hui avec les TICs, un nouvel Internet se dessine, le web 2.0 qui correspond à une nouvelle approche de l’informatique et de la diffusion du savoir. Il donne à l’acteur une place centrale dans son accès aux communications et aux informations. Ces changements touchent l’ensemble de la société, de la politique aux sciences en passant par l’économie et les loisirs. La géographie n’échappe pas au phénomène. Apres avoir subi les premiers changements dus au développement de l’informatique, elle s’apprête à marquer une nouvelle étape, sous l’impulsion des nouveaux logiciels de représentation de l’espace, de leurs outils et de leurs capacités de diffusions facilitées.

Terapeutiske vacciner er et nyt behandlings-princip ved kastrationsresistent prostatacancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Djurhuus, Sissal Sigmundsdòttir; Brasso, Klaus; Berg, Kasper Drimer

2015-01-01

Therapeutic vaccines is a novel approach in castration-resistant prostate cancer treatment Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is defined as tumour progression despite castrate levels of serum testosterone. During the past decade a number of new therapies, including chemo­therapy and novel...... endocrine agents have been approved for CRPC treatment. The continued need for new effective drugs in CRPC has led to development of a novel therapeutic approach in CRPC treatment. Therapeutic vaccines activate the immune system to kill prostate cancer cells. This review describes recent pivotal phase 2...... and 3 trials of CRPC vaccines and discusses the impact on future CRPC management....

Schmallenberg virus – et nyt virus hos drøvtyggere

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lohse, Louise

undersøgelser på laboratoriet, blev alle prøver i en længere periode testet negative for kendte patogener, der evt. kunne tænkes at knytte sig til disse sygdomsudbrud. Efterfølgende fandt man ved sekvensanalyse på DNA/RNA oprenset fra prøvematerialet lighed med virus fra orthobunyavirusgruppen. Disse virus er...... normalt vektorbårne og er kendt som årsag til sygdom i drøvtyggere i Australien, Asien, Afrika og Mellemøsten. Det nye virus blev kaldt Schmallenberg virus (SBV) efter stedet hvor det første tilfælde blev påvist. Siden har Schmallenberg virus spredt sig og er nu påvist i får, kvæg og geder i Tyskland......, Holland, Belgien, Luxembourg, Frankrig, Spanien, Italien og Storbritannien (status april 2012). Det antages, at virus overføres med mitter og myg og inkubationstiden har fra eksperimentelle forsøg vist sig at være kort (1-4 dage). Virus cirkulerer få dage i blodet og manifesterer sig ved milde uspecifikke...

Boliglokalisering og andelen af regionale togrejser på Sjælland og i Østjylland

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Thomas Hjorth; Bro, Peter; Harder, Henrik

2008-01-01

Dette videnskabelige essay sammenligner tidligere studier af boliglokalisering og transport i en række danske byer, med et nyt studie omkring sammenhængen mellem boliglokalisering og andelen af regionale togrejser i to danske byregioner; den polycentriske region i Østjylland og den monocentriske...

Keep It Sacred | National Native Network

Science.gov (United States)

-profit North Dakota northern-plains NRT Nuestras Voces Nurse NYT NYTS Obamacare Obesity occupational -profit North Dakota northern-plains NRT Nuestras Voces Nurse NYT NYTS Obamacare Obesity occupational

KU & Dansk Erhverv: Humanister og erhvervsliv i fælles front

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sommerlund, Julie; Riisgaard, Louise

2015-01-01

Humanister besidder relevant viden, som ofte først bliver anvendt i slutningen af virksomhedernes udviklingsproces, men den tilbøjelighed skal et nyt samarbejde gøre op med, skriver Julie Sommerlund, prodekan på Københavns Universitet, og Louise Riisgaard, chefkonsulent i Dansk Erhverv....

Kæmp for kloden

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Frederiksen, Claus Strue; Hendricks, Vincent Fella

Verden problemer skal løses i fællesskab! Claus Strue Frederiksen og Vincent F. Hendricks introducerer et nyt ansvarlighedsbegreb, som de kalder for Unified Social Responsibility. Det handler om, at alle går sammen om opgaven. Mange virksomhedsledere, politikere og forskere har allerede engageret...

Fremtidens biblioteksbetjening af børn

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Høyrup, Helene

2008-01-01

Rapporten er resultatet af et tværministerielt udvalgsarbejde nedsat af Kulturministeriet.  Kommissoriet har været at nytænke biblioteksbetjeningen af børn, så den passer til vidensamfundet.  Udvalgsarbejdet munder ud i ti bud for fremtidens biblioteksbetjening af børn....

"Fordi man ved aldrig"

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Borchmann, Simon Uffe

2015-01-01

I denne artikel vil syntagmet aktivitetsbestemt sprogbrug blive udlagt fra en pragmatisk, funktionel lingvistisk synsvinkel. Syntagmet er særligt interessant fra denne synsvinkel fordi det synes at indebære et nyt sprogvidenskabeligt forskningsområde. Det er i det mindste det der vil blive argume...

Storlandbrug i Danmark

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rentz-Petersen, Nee

2011-01-01

Med udgangspunkt i storlandbrugets udfordringer med at indpasse deres nye produktionsanlæg i det danske kulturlandskab, introduceres et nyt princip for helhedsplanlægning for nye storlandbrug anlagt på 'bar mark'. Forslaget indeholder produktionsbygning med tilhørende tekniske anlæg, samt 3 bepla...

Transaction-based specification of database evolution

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bækgaard, Lars

I artiklen præsenteres et nyt sprog til specifikation af dynamiske integritetsregler i databaser i termer af hændelseshistorier. Sproget understøtter specifikation af forskellige typer af temporale afhængigheder mellem hændelser. Sprogets semantik defineres formelt, og dets anvendelse illustreres...

Informationsarkitektur i retorisk perspektiv

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hasle., Per F. V.

2006-01-01

Når et nyt vidensgelt etableres, foregår dette normalt med en vis teoretisk forvirring i starten. De to konferencer, som Danmarks Forskningsbiblioteksforenings forum for informationsarkitektur (IA) har afholdt i 2004 og 2005 (se http://www.dfdf.dk/arrangementer_df.php?old=ja) har da også afspejlet...

Byens puls rykker indendørs

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dickson, Thomas

2003-01-01

Fusionen mellem GlaxoWellcome og SmithKlineBeecham er beseglet med opførelsen af et nyt hovedkontor lidt uden for London. Anlæggets største attraktion er en 150 meter lang glasoverdækket gade, der rummer en række praktiske og sociale funktioner....

Interleukin 1B variant -1473G/C (rs1143623) influences triglyceride and interleukin 6 metabolism

Science.gov (United States)

Interleukin 1b (IL1B or IL-1ß), is a key modulator of the immune response which exerts its functions mainly via interleukin 6 (IL6) regulation. Fatty meals cause transient hypertriglyceridemia and are considered to be proinflammatory, but the extent of these responses shows high interindividual susc...

Immunohistochemical expression of interleukin-2 receptor and interleukin-6 in patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia: association with asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis NIH category IV.

Science.gov (United States)

Engelhardt, Paul Friedrich; Seklehner, Stephan; Brustmann, Hermann; Lusuardi, Lukas; Riedl, Claus R

2015-04-01

This study prospectively investigated the immunohistochemical expression of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and a possible association of these conditions with asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis National Institutes of Health (NIH) category IV. The study included 139 consecutive patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate and transvesical enucleation of the prostate (n = 82) or radical prostatectomy (n = 57). To characterize inflammatory changes the criteria proposed by Irani et al. [J Urol 1997;157:1301-3] were used. IL-2R and IL-6 expression was studied by a standard immunohistochemical method. Results were correlated with tumour, node, metastasis stage, Gleason scores, total prostate-specific antigen, International Prostate Symptom Score and body mass index. IL-2R and IL-6 expression was significantly higher in neoplastic prostate cancer tissue than in normal tissue of prostate cancer patients (p Prostate cancer patients with prostatitis showed significantly higher IL-2R expression than those without inflammation (p prostatitis than in those without (p prostate cancer tissue than in normal tissue. Patients with asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis NIH category IV showed significantly greater activity.

Digitalisering af det historiske jernbanenetværk

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fertner, Christian

2012-01-01

Centret for Strategisk Byforskning startede i marts 2012 et nyt forskningsprojekt, der omhandler udfordringer hos og fremtiden for danske stationsbyer. Som datagrundlag digitaliserede vi bl.a. det danske jernbane netværk, normal- og smalspor, siden 1847 i grove træk. Denne opgørelse vil vi i det ...

Rejsebilleder og selvfremstilling

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fausing, Bent

2016-01-01

Om rejsens betydning for at tage billeder og for selvfremstilling. Især når vi er ude at rejse, deler vi vores hverdag med både familie, venner og fremmede. Denne selvfremstilling skaber et nyt forhold til de oplevelser, som vi møder på vores rejser....

Towards Semiocy?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Elf, Nikolaj Frydensbjerg

I denne afhandling undersøges hvorledes mediepædagogik kan integreres med modersmålsdidaktik og H.C. Andersen-undervisning på gymnasieniveau. Tesen er at dette kan ske gennem opstilling af et nyt kompetencemål for faget, betegnet semiocy. Afhandlingen gennemfører en teoretisk diskussion og defini...

Trivsel i teams - mellem organisation, relationer og faglighed

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Vibeke

Forskningsprojektet Trivsel i Teams TiT belyser teamarbejde, som det udfolder sig i det moderne arbejdsliv i Danmark indenfor tre forskellige felter: Psykiatrien, erhvervsskoler og de rådgivende ingeniørfirmaer. At organisere arbejdet i teams er ikke et nyt fænomen i sig selv, men i kombination med...

Long-term bicycle riding ameliorates the depression of the patients undergoing hemodialysis by affecting the levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-18

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zhao C

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Chunhui Zhao, Hui Ma, Lei Yang, Yong Xiao Blood Purification Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China Purpose: Hemodialysis patients with depression have a higher risk of death and hospitalization. Although there is pharmacological management for the depression of hemodialysis patients, the adverse effect of the drug limits the use. The nonpharmacological way, bicycle riding, may be an effective way for the therapy of the depression in hemodialysis patients. However, the underlying mechanism of this relationship is still not fully explained, while interleukin-6 (IL-6 and interleukin-18 (IL-18 are associated with depression and exercise. Thus, the effects of bicycle riding on the levels of the interleukin were explored. Participants and methods: One hundred and eighty-nine patients with chronic hemodialysis were selected and randomly assigned to three groups of medicine (MG, received 20-mg escitalopram daily, medicine and aerobic exercise (MAG, received 20-mg escitalopram daily and bicycle riding six times weekly, and only aerobic exercise (AG, received 20-mg placebo daily and bicycle riding six times weekly. The whole experiment lasted for 18 weeks. The quality of life (36-Item Short Form Health Survey and depression severity according to criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition [DSM-IV] were measured before and at the end of this study. The serum levels of IL-6 and IL-18 were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results: The quality of life was improved and depression severity was reduced significantly in the MAG and AG groups when compared with the MG group (P<0.05. Serum levels of IL-6 and IL-18 were the highest in the MG group, moderate in the MAG group and the lowest in AG group. On the other hand, the serum levels of IL-6 and IL-18 were closely associated with depression scores (P<0.05. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise

Corpus web 2.0 : quelques enjeux méthodologiques et épistémologiques

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sabrina Bevilacqua

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Nombre de défis d’ordre méthodologique et épistémologique s’imposent aujourd’hui à la recherche scientifique orientée vers le travail sur des corpus numériques. Certes, chaque plateforme virtuelle présente une écologie spécifique (Paveau, 2013a, 2013b qui oriente un rapprochement différent tant de l’objet que du corpus. Ainsi, l’environnement Facebook (FBK, une surface essentiellement multiforme suggère un regard qui puisse saisir son hétérogénéité sémiotique et énonciative. Dans ce travail, nous visons, d’abord, une redéfinition de la notion de corpus comme « matrice du sens » (Mayaffre, 2011 : 11 permettant de focaliser les enjeux scientifiques que la conception des corpus numériques issus du Web 2.0, notamment, de FBK, entraîne; ensuite, la description de certains concepts méthodologiques et épistémologiques fondamentaux — linéarité, technodiscours, sérialité, réticularité — aidant à l’élaboration ainsi qu’à la gestion de corpus FBK.

Plasma Interleukin-8 and Endothelin-1 in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Children

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Radwan, Z.; El-Abiad, N.; Soliman, M. S.; Ali, A.I.; Ali, G.S.

2004-01-01

This study was designed to evaluate the extent to which IL-8 and endothelin-1 are involved in the development of acute exacerbation of atopic asthma. Two asthmatic groups, each of 20 patients were studied, the asymptomatic group where patients were free of symptoms and the symptomatic group where patients were suffering from acute exacerbation of their asthma. Both of asthmatic groups were subclassified into mild and moderate subgroups, each of 10 patients according to the asthma severity. All subjects were subjected to chest X-ray and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) recording for sub-classification of patients, skin prick testing using common allergens (patients only) for the identification of atopic asthmatic patients and laboratory investigations including complete blood count (CBC), absolute eosi-nophil count (AEC), urine and stool exam-ination, total serum 1 gE level, plasma inter-leukin-8 (IL-8) level and plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) level. The data obtained revealed non-significant differences between the studied groups as regards AEC, while serum total 1 gE of the asthmatic groups showed highly significant elevations in comparison to control group. Also, There were highly significant elevations in plasma endothelin-1 and plasma IL-8 levels of the symptomatic asthmatic subgroups in comparison to control group and asymptomatic asthmatic subgroups in comparison to control group and asymptomatic asthmatic subgroups. In conclusion: although it is clear now that IL-8 and ET-1 are involved in acute exacerbation of atopic asthmatic patients, a causal link between those mediators and development of the exacerbation has not been definitively established. Surely, those mediators, their receptors, synthesis and degradation pathways offer potentially important therapeutic targets

Sensory factors in food satisfaction. An understanding of the satisfaction term and a measurement of factors involved in sensory- and food satisfaction

OpenAIRE

Andersen, Barbara Vad; Hyldig, Grethe; Jørgensen, Bo Munk

2014-01-01

Tilfredsstillelse er foreslået som et holistisk respons ved måling af forbrugeres hedoniske opfattelse af fødevarer. ”Tilfredsstillelse” er dog et relativt nyt begreb indenfor sensorisk forskning. Derfor er der behov for viden om, hvordan begrebet kan defineres, samt om hvilke faktorer der påvirker, hvorvidt forbrugere bliver tilfredsstillede af de fødevarer/dikkevarer de indtager. Formålet med dette PhD projekt var:1) at bidrage med en teoretisk forståelse af begrebet ”tilfredsstillelse” til...

Adrenaline influences the release of interleukin-6 from murine pituicytes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christensen, J D; Hansen, E W; Frederiksen, C

1999-01-01

In this study, we examined the effect of adrenaline and interleukin-1beta on interleukin-6 secretion from cultured murine neurohypophyseal cells. Cells were cultured from neurohypophyses of 3- to 5-week-old mice and experiments were performed after 13 days in culture. Interleukin-6 was measured...... in 24-h samples using a sandwich fluoroimmunoassay. Unstimulated cells released 19+/-3 fmol interleukin-6/neurohypophysis/24 h (mean +/- S.E.M., n = 42). Adrenaline and interleukin-1beta increased the release of interleukin-6 from the cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Incubation with adrenaline...

The Influence of Interleukin-4 on Ligament Healing

Science.gov (United States)

Chamberlain, Connie S; Leiferman, Ellen M; Frisch, Kayt E; Wang, Sijian; Yang, Xipei; Brickson, Stacey L; Vanderby, Ray

2011-01-01

Despite a complex cascade of cellular events to reconstruct the damaged extracellular matrix, ligament healing results in a mechanically inferior scarred ligament. During normal healing, granulation tissue expands into any residual normal ligamentous tissue (creeping substitution), resulting in a larger region of healing, greater mechanical compromise, and an inefficient repair process. To control creeping substitution and possibly enhance the repair process, the anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-4 (IL-4) was administered to rats prior to and after rupture of their medial collateral ligaments. In vitro experiments demonstrated a time-dependent effect on fibroblast proliferation after interleukin-4 treatment. In vivo treatments with interleukin-4 (100 ng/ml i.v.) for 5 days resulted in decreased wound size and type III collagen and increased type I procollagen, indicating a more regenerative early healing in response to the interleukin-4 treatment. However, continued treatment of interleukin-4 to day 11 antagonized this early benefit and slowed healing. Together, these results suggest that interleukin-4 influences the macrophages and T-lymphocytes but also stimulates fibroblasts associated with the proliferative phase of healing in a dose-, cell-, and time-dependent manner. Although treatment significantly influenced healing in the first week after injury, interleukin-4 alone was unable to maintain this early regenerative response. PMID:21518087

Anmeldelse af: Gruppepsykologi

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christensen, Bodil

2009-01-01

, kreativitet og nytænkning. Det er her, videnskabens virkelige fremskridt sker.” Sådan lyder et citat af Albert Einstein, som Lars Svedberg bruger for at sætte sin faglige fremstilling om gruppepsykologi i perspektiv. Gruppeorganisationen er nemlig ofte rum for/ eller kan være rum for denne synergieffekt, der...

To villaer af Aage Rafn

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Weylandt, Birgit

2006-01-01

Gennem sine værker og skrifter var Rafn med til at forme et nyt arkitekturbegreb gennem en rationel klassicisme, der blev overgangen til en mere international poetisk modernisme. Artiklen fokuserer på forskelle og ligheder, der karakteriserer to udvalgte værker: Villaen Gl. Vartov Vej 22 opført 1...

Ph.d.-vejledning i et akademisk, markedsdrevet og samfundsforandrende perspektiv

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pia Bøgelund

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Denne artikel identificerer og analyserer 3 idealtypiske ph.d.–vejlednings­per­spektiver, der korresponderer med forskellige forståelser af viden­skabs­syn og akademiske værdisæt. De 3 vejledningsperspektiver bygger på en inter­viewundersøgelse blandt 12 erfarne vejledere ved Det Teknisk-Na­tur­videnskabelige Fakultet på Aalborg Universitet. De identificeres på baggrund af vidensskabssyn og empirisk analyse, og udgør 1 et klassisk akademisk perspektiv; 2 et nyt management perspektiv, der i højere grad vægter projektledelse og produktivitet samt 3 et samfundsforandrende perspektiv baseret på uddannelse af forandringsagenter og ’empowerment’ af den ph.d.-studerende. Artiklen konkluderer, at ph.d.-vejlederes viden­skabs­syn og akademiske værdisæt sætter rammerne for udfoldelsen af vejlederrollen og valg af værktøjer, og som sådan bør ph.d.-vejledere eksplicit stifte bekendtskab med og diskutere disse væsensforskellige perspektiver på vidensproduktion.     This article aims to identify  successful strategies used by PhD supervisors when assessing knowledge production, taking into account their perceptions of science in a contextual and historical setting. The empirical data is made up of statements from 12 supervisors from two different research programs at the Faculty of Engineering and Science at Aalborg University. Three different supervisory perspectives are identified in relation to their understanding of knowledge production: A classical professional perspective, a perspective based on productivity management and a perspective based on change agency and empowerment. In the final discussion it is argued that in light of current challenges that include pressure to increase the number of PhD students and secure an international profile for the PhD education program a balanced use of all three perspectives could prove beneficial.

Revisors afdækning af besvigelser set i et nyt lys

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Warming-Rasmussen, Bent

2009-01-01

Revisors opgave er naturligvis at sikre den økonomiske rapporterings validitet. Finanskrisen og afsløringen af nogle af de mere fantasifulde aktører har naturlighvis rejst spørgsmål om revisors mulighed for at afsløre forhold, hvor overfladen tilsyneladende er pletfri, mens det kniber mere med de...

Aftagerundersøgelse: et nyt planlægningsfag på RUC?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Frandsen, Martin; Jensen, Anne

The changing roles of planners and the new types of generic skills demanded in the planning  profession have been widely debated in recent years in Denmark. The field of planning has  become understood as an increasingly complex field where political, social, cultural,  economical and technological...

Do it for fun

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Larsen, Birgit; Sørensen, Anja Egedius; Nilson, Ulla

2017-01-01

Biblioteksintroduktioner for nye studerende har længe været et smertensbarn – de er relevante, men ofte kedelige, både for studerende og bibliotekarer. Men en ny situation med færre personaleressourcer og større studiehold igangsatte en didaktisk nytænkning af introduktionerne på VIA. På ønskelis...

Når mindset er nøglen til succes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Jeppe Agger; Karlsmose, Jens; Kortnum, Allan

2016-01-01

Hvordan skaber man en arbejdspladskultur, hvor medarbejderne trives med forandringer, er udholdende og indstillede på at lære nyt? Det er for mange virksomheder et af de helt store aktuelle spørgsmål, og i flere af dem er svaret ledelse med mindsetbaserede principper. Læs her om mindset-tanketank...

Idiomer og improviseret musik

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2013-01-01

intuitiv musik / fri improvisation, da denne musikform som et nyt fænomen har brug for at den studerende får nye erfaringer og nye begreber at støtte sig til. Her inddrages også Baileys begreber om idiomatisk / ikke-idiomatisk musik og det senere syn på denne skelnen. Musikeksempler fra undervisningen...

Insulin Resistance and Serum Levels of Interleukin-17 and Interleukin-18 in Normal Pregnancy

OpenAIRE

Jahromi, Abdolreza Sotoodeh; Shojaei, Mohammad; Ghobadifar, Mohamed Amin

2014-01-01

We performed this study to evaluate the role of Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and Interleukin-18 (IL-18) in insulin resistance during normal pregnancy. This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out on 97 healthy pregnant women including 32, 25, and 40 individuals in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively, and on 28 healthy non pregnant women between the autumn of 2012 and the spring of 2013. We analyzed the serum concentrations of IL-17 and IL-18 by using the enzyme linked im...

Ultrastructural studies of time-course and cellular specificity of interleukin-1 mediated islet cytotoxicity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mandrup-Poulsen, T; Egeberg, J; Nerup, J

1987-01-01

of incubation and examined by electron microscopy in a blinded fashion. Already after 30 min, accumulation of opaque intracytoplasmic bodies without apparent surrounding membranes, and autophagic vacuoles were seen in about 20% of the beta cells examined in rat islets exposed to interleukin-1. After 16 h...

Serum Levels of Visfatin and Interleukin-6 in Non-Obese Versus Obese Men with Coronary Artery Disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naz, S.; Sandhu, Q. S.; Akhtar, A.; Zafar, U.; Khalid, A.; Saeed, M.

2017-01-01

Objective: To evaluate and compare the serum levels of visfatin, interleukin-6 and lipid profile in non-obese and obese male patients with coronary artery disease. Study Design: Observational, comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Punjab Institute of Cardiology and Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, from July to December 2013. Methodology: The participants included 20 non-obese group I with coronary artery disease (CAD) and 20 obese males group II with coronary artery disease (angiographically confirmed). All the participants were in the age group of 35 - 55 years being non-smokers and non-diabetic. Serum visfatin and interleukin-6 levels were analysed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Lipid profile was also evaluated. Results were compared with T-test and Mann Whitney U test. The values were considered significant at 0.05 level of significance. Results: Serum visfatin 9.05 versus 3.9 ng/ml and interleukin-6 12.80 versus 0.60 pg/ml levels were significantly (p-value < 0.001 of both) raised in the obese CAD group as compared to non-obese with CAD. Lipid profile also showed raised levels of total serum cholesterol, low density lipoproteins, triglycerides, very low density lipoproteins and low levels of high density lipoproteins in obese group. Conclusion: Significantly raised levels of serum visfatin and interleukin-6 indicate adipose tissue as an imperative source of these adipocytokines involved in inflammation in CAD. Altered lipid profile also seen in obese patients with CAD. (author)

Interleukin-1B and Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist in Patients with Helicobacter pylori Associated Diseases

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elizaveta S. Ageeva, PhD

2012-06-01

Full Text Available The ethnic people of the Republic of Khakassia (the Khakas with ulcer disease show a significant T-cell activation and humoral immune response when compared with the Europoids. The reasons for such differences could be due to certain ethno-specific allelic variants of the interleukins, which considerably change the degree of cytokine expression. The aim was to study the peculiarities of the association of the interleukin-1 (IL-1 gene polymorphisms and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra. Patients with chronic gastritis and ulcer disease were examined using the restriction analysis method. The most wide-spread allelic variants among the Khakas were discovered to be С�� IL-1β and R4R4 IL-1Ra. In this study, we suggest the necessity to define the population’s risk and the protective genotypes that promote Helicobacter pylori-associated ulcer disease among the Khakas people.

Kompetencer i dansk erhvervsliv

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Harmsen, Hanne

2003-01-01

er bredt og i sine forskellige sammenhænge giver udtryk for den fokus, der i øjeblikket er på medarbejdernes ressourcer eller virksomhedens viden. Og så er det endnu et nyt begreb i en management-verden som med mindre og mindre mellemrum tager nye ledelsesbegreber til sig, som indimellem nærmest får...

Ingen SCM uden e-business

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Møller, Charles

2003-01-01

FREMTIDENS FORSYNINGSKÆDE. E-business teknologierne er ved at blive voksne og er nu langt mere tilgængelig end for få år siden. ERP II er et nyt koncept for virksomhedssystemer, der sætter e-business teknologierne på dagsordenen igen. I denne artikel argumenteres for, at e-business er en afgørende...

The Physical Origin of Physically Useful Mathematics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lützen, Jesper

2011-01-01

Der argumenteres for at anvendelser i fysik er afgørende i udviklingen af de dele af matematikken, som har været nyttig for beskrivelsen af den fysiske verden. Dermed kastes et nyt lys på Eugine Wigner's 50 år gamle artikel om The unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics. Der gives en række hist...

Politisk Kronik 1.halvår 2014

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bille, Lars

2016-01-01

I sin nytårstale anslog statsminister Helle Thorning-Schmidt en moderat optimistisk tone. Godt nok var krisen ikke ovre, men stemningen var ved at vende, og der var grund til at tro på fremgang i 2014. Danmark var et solidarisk land, og det skulle det vedblive med at være. Derfor ville regeringen...

Disruption - korruption

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kirkeby, Ole Fogh

2017-01-01

Et nyt ord klinger i politikernes mund, ”disruption”, og trænger sig på i statsministerens præsentation af sin nye regerings visioner, om end i en bisætning. Denne artikel kigger på ordets betydning, hvilke realiteter det måtte dække over, og hvilken alternativ praksis det kunne indikere....

Om hugorme, dyrekranier og tordensten

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Søvsø, Mette Højmark; Søvsø, Morten; Siggaard, Anna Louise

2016-01-01

Bygningsofre og andre beslægtede fænomener som udtryk for folketro er velkendte fra både arkæologiske og etnologiske undersøgelser i Danmark. Mens mulighederne for nye etnologiske optegnelser ebber ud, giver et voksende arkæologisk materiale til gengæld mulighed for at kaste nyt lys over emnet og...

Cloning of Interleukin-10 from African Clawed Frog (Xenopus tropicalis, with the Finding of IL-19/20 Homologue in the IL-10 Locus

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zhitao Qi

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Interleukin-10 (IL-10 is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays an important role in immune system. In the present study, the IL-10 gene of African clawed frog (Xenopus tropicalis was first cloned, and its expression pattern and 3D structure were also analyzed. The frog IL-10 mRNA encoded 172 amino acids which possessed several conserved features found in IL-10s from other species, including five-exon/four-intron genomic structure, conserved four cysteine residues, IL-10 family motif, and six α-helices. Real-time PCR showed that frog IL-10 mRNA was ubiquitous expressed in all examined tissues, highly in some immune related tissues including kidney, spleen, and intestine and lowly in heart, stomach, and liver. The frog IL-10 mRNA was upregulated at 24 h after LPS stimulation, indicating that it plays a part in the host immune response to bacterial infection. Another IL, termed as IL-20, was identified from the frog IL-10 locus, which might be the homologue of mammalian IL-19/20 according to the analysis results of the phylogenetic tree and the sequence identities.

The design and construction of a scintillation pair spectrometer for the detection of {gamma}-rays in the energy range 2-20 MeV; Realisation d'un spectrometre a scintillations et a paires pour la detection des rayonnements {gamma} d'energie comprise entre 2 et 20 MeV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Longequeue, J P [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1958-07-15

The scintillation pair spectrometer is designed to allow the measurement of the energy of {gamma} rays in the range 2 to 20 MeV. Such an instrument is chosen because of its main features: high energy resolution and ease of working. Against this, however, the efficiency is low. It was possible to tolerate this low efficiency because of the facts that the {gamma}-rays studied emanated from (p, {gamma}) reactions and that the two electrostatic acceleration available could provide beams of 500 {mu}A having energy maxima at 300 and 600 keV. We used the {gamma} rays produced by the reactions {sup 23}Na (p, {gamma}) {sup 24}Mg, {sup 19}F (p, {alpha} {gamma}) {sup 16}O and {sup 7}Li (p, {gamma}) {sup 8}Be as well as the {gamma} rays emitted by sources of RTh and of {sup 24}Na. Under these conditions the spectrometer attained a resolving power of 6,5 {+-} 0,5 per cent at 6,1 MeV and it was able to separate the 14,8 and 17,6 MeV lines produced by the reaction {sup 7}Li (p, {gamma}) {sup 8}Be. As well as this, the efficiency which varied from 2.10{sup -4} to 1,7.10{sup -3} between 2 and 20 MeV was well above the efficiencies already obtained with this type of instrument. (author) [French] Le spectrometre a scintillations et a paires presente dans cette these a pour but de mesurer l'energie des rayonnements {gamma} dans la bande de 2 a 20 MeV. Le choix d'un tel appareil est du a ses caracteristiques essentielles: bonne resolution en energie et maniabilite. Par contre, son efficacite est faible. Nous avons pu tolerer cette faible efficacite car les rayonnements {gamma} que nous avons etudies provenaient de reactions (p, {gamma}) et les deux accelerateurs electrostatiques dont nous disposions pouvaient fournir des faisceaux de 500 {mu}A avec des energies maximum de 300 et 600 keV. Nous avons utilise les rayonnements {gamma} produits par les reactions {sup 23}Na (p, {gamma}) {sup 24}Mg, {sup 19}F (p, {alpha} {gamma}) {sup 16}O et {sup 7}Li (p, {gamma}) {sup 8}Be ainsi que les

InSpiRe - Intelligent Spine Rehabilitation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bøg, Kasper Hafstrøm; Helms, Niels Henrik; Kjær, Per

InSpiRe er et projekt, der har haft omdrejningspunkt i etableringen af et nyt netværk indenfor intelligent genoptræning med særligt fokus på rygsmerter. Projektet er gennemført i perioden 1/3 2011 2011-1/3 2012, med støtte fra Syddansk Vækstforum, og er blevet drevet af projektparterne Knowledge ...... Lab, Syddansk Universitet (SDU), Institut for Idræt og Biomekanik (IoB), SDU, samt University College Lillebælt....

Differential Expression of the Activator Protein 1 Transcription Factor Regulates Interleukin-1ß Induction of Interleukin 6 in the Developing Enterocyte.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Catherine M Cahill

Full Text Available The innate immune response is characterized by activation of transcription factors, nuclear factor kappa B and activator protein-1 and their downstream targets, the pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 1β and interleukin 6. Normal development of this response in the intestine is critical to survival of the human neonate and delays can cause the onset of devastating inflammatory diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis. Previous studies have addressed the role of nuclear factor kappa B in the development of the innate immune response in the enterocyte, however despite its central role in the control of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokine genes, little is known on the role of Activator Protein 1 in this response in the enterocyte. Here we show that the canonical Activator Protein 1 members, cJun and cFos and their upstream kinases JNK and p38 play an essential role in the regulation of interleukin 6 in the immature enterocyte. Our data supports a model whereby the cFos/cJun heterodimer and the more potent cJun homodimer downstream of JNK are replaced by less efficient JunD containing dimers, contributing to the decreased responsiveness to interleukin 1β and decreased interleukin 6 secretion observed in the mature enterocyte. The tissue specific expression of JunB in colonocytes and colon derived tissues together with its ability to repress Interleukin-1β induction of an Interleukin-6 gene reporter in the NCM-460 colonocyte suggests that induction of JunB containing dimers may offer an attractive therapeutic strategy for the control of IL-6 secretion during inflammatory episodes in this area of the intestine.

A role for interleukins in ochronosis in a chondrocyte in vitro model of alkaptonuria.

Science.gov (United States)

Mistry, J B; Jackson, D J; Bukhari, M; Taylor, A M

2016-07-01

Alkaptonuria is a rare autosomal recessive condition resulting from inability to breakdown homogentisic acid (HGA), an intermediate in tyrosine degradation. The condition has a triad of clinical features, the most damaging of which is ochronotic osteoarthropathy. HGA is elevated from birth, but pigmentation takes many years. We hypothesise that interleukins play a role in initiation and progression of ochronotic osteoarthropathy. C20/A4 cells were cultured and maintained in 9-cm petri dishes containing either HGA at 0.33 mM, a single interleukin (IL-1β, IL-6 or IL-10) at 1 ng/ml or a combination of HGA and a single interleukin. Statistical analysis of pigment deposits and cell viability was performed using analysis of variance with Newman-Keuls post-test. All cultures containing HGA showed a significant increase in pigment deposition compared to control and IL cultures alone. The cultures containing HGA and IL-6 showed a significant increase in pigment deposits compared to HGA alone. The cell viability counts across all cultures on day 10 demonstrated a significant decrease in cultures containing HGA compared to those which did not. There was no significant difference between cultures containing just HGA or those combined with an interleukin. This work demonstrates a role for cytokines present in the joint(s) in the pigmentation process, particularly IL-6, and that the presence of HGA in joint tissues appears more detrimental to chondrocytes than the presence of any of the interleukins found in response to joint injury, trauma and osteoarthritis (OA). This further supports the evidence that the arthropathy in alkaptonuria is much more severe and rapidly progressing.

Gastric inflammatory markers and interleukins in patients with functional dyspepsia treated with astaxanthin

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, L.P.; Holck, Susanne; Kupcinskas, L.

2007-01-01

. There was a significant decrease in gastric inflammation in H. pylori-positive patients from both groups. There were no significant changes in the density of H. pylori or in any of the interleukins during or after treatment. There was a significant up-regulation of CD4 and down-regulation of CD8 in patients with H....... pylori treated with astaxanthin. Astaxanthin had an effect on the inflammation and on the density of H. pylori in mice in a study where the diet could be standardized without antioxidants (Bennedsen et al., 1999). These dietary conditions are impossible in studies involving humans, and may be due...

The 20th anniversary of interleukin-2 therapy: bimodal role explaining longstanding random induction of complete clinical responses

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coventry, Brendon J; Ashdown, Martin L

2012-01-01

This year marks the twentieth anniversary of the approval by the US Food and Drug Administration of interleukin-2 (IL2) for use in cancer therapy, initially for renal cell carcinoma and later for melanoma. IL2 therapy for cancer has stood the test of time, with continued widespread use in Europe, parts of Asia, and the US. Clinical complete responses are variably reported at 5%–20% for advanced malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma, with strong durable responses and sustained long-term 5–10-year survival being typical if complete responses are generated. The literature was reviewed for the actions and clinical effects of IL2 on subsets of T cells. The influence of IL2 on clinical efficacy was also sought. The review revealed that IL2 is capable of stimulating different populations of T cells in humans to induce either T effector or T regulatory responses. This apparent “functional paradox” has confounded a clear understanding of the mechanisms behind the clinical effects that are observed during and following administration of IL2 therapy. An average complete response rate of around 7% in small and large clinical trials using IL2 for advanced renal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma has been shown from a recent review of the literature. This review considers the published literature concerning the actions and emerging clinical effects of IL2 therapy, spanning its 20-year period in clinical use. It further details some of the recently described “bimodal” effects of IL2 to explain the apparent functional paradox, and how IL2 might be harnessed to emerge rapidly as a much more effective and predictable clinical agent in the near future

En verden i bevægelse

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brøgger, Ditte Rasmussen

2016-01-01

Migration er ikke noget nyt fænomen, men det er et fænomen i konstant forandring – både kvantitativt og kvalitativt. Mennesker har nemlig altid bevæget sig. Tag f.eks. jæger-samlerfolket, der var cirkulære migranter, størstedelen af USA’s befolkning, som de fleste nok er bekendte med er...

21st Century Learning Design og Historie

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Arnov, Lars Due

2014-01-01

ITs rolle i gymnasiet er stadig omdiskuteret og i nogen grad uklar. Nu vender et nyt koncept for inddragelse af it i undervisningen it-didaktikken ”på hovedet” og lader elevernes læring komme først – uden at det går ud over elevernes it-kompetencer. Konceptet kan også bruges i historie, og histor...

Flow og fordybelse

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Frans Ørsted

2010-01-01

Artiklen handler om flow og fordybelse i et nyt tværfagligt / naturfagligt undervisningskoncept, "Overvågningens dilemma", til brug i folkeskolens 7.-9.kl. og på gymnasiale uddannelser. Konceptet sætter fokus på den overvågning der foregår og er mulig i nutidens IT og hi-tec samfund og der arbejd...

Mangelfuld radonsikring kan koste dyrt

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kirkeskov, Jesper

2012-01-01

Hvad gør man for at undgå regningen for at skulle rive et nyt hus ned til fundamentet pga. mangelfuld radonsikring? Bygningsreglement 2010 kræver, at radonindholdet i nye bygninger højst er 100 Bq/m³. Særligt i områder med meget radon i jorden kan dette give udfordringer. Hvis bygningen er opført...

Anti-interleukin-17 monoclonal antibody ixekizumab in chronic plaque psoriasis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Leonardi, Craig; Matheson, Robert; Zachariae, Claus

2012-01-01

Type 17 helper T cells have been suggested to play a pathological role in psoriasis. They secrete several proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-17A (also known as interleukin-17). We evaluated the safety and efficacy of ixekizumab (LY2439821), a humanized anti-interleukin-17 monoclonal...... antibody, for psoriasis treatment....

Interleukin-2 therapy in patients with HIV infection.

Science.gov (United States)

Abrams, D; Lévy, Y; Losso, M H; Babiker, A; Collins, G; Cooper, D A; Darbyshire, J; Emery, S; Fox, L; Gordin, F; Lane, H C; Lundgren, J D; Mitsuyasu, R; Neaton, J D; Phillips, A; Routy, J P; Tambussi, G; Wentworth, D

2009-10-15

Used in combination with antiretroviral therapy, subcutaneous recombinant interleukin-2 raises CD4+ cell counts more than does antiretroviral therapy alone. The clinical implication of these increases is not known. We conducted two trials: the Subcutaneous Recombinant, Human Interleukin-2 in HIV-Infected Patients with Low CD4+ Counts under Active Antiretroviral Therapy (SILCAAT) study and the Evaluation of Subcutaneous Proleukin in a Randomized International Trial (ESPRIT). In each, patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who had CD4+ cell counts of either 50 to 299 per cubic millimeter (SILCAAT) or 300 or more per cubic millimeter (ESPRIT) were randomly assigned to receive interleukin-2 plus antiretroviral therapy or antiretroviral therapy alone. The interleukin-2 regimen consisted of cycles of 5 consecutive days each, administered at 8-week intervals. The SILCAAT study involved six cycles and a dose of 4.5 million IU of interleukin-2 twice daily; ESPRIT involved three cycles and a dose of 7.5 million IU twice daily. Additional cycles were recommended to maintain the CD4+ cell count above predefined target levels. The primary end point of both studies was opportunistic disease or death from any cause. In the SILCAAT study, 1695 patients (849 receiving interleukin-2 plus antiretroviral therapy and 846 receiving antiretroviral therapy alone) who had a median CD4+ cell count of 202 cells per cubic millimeter were enrolled; in ESPRIT, 4111 patients (2071 receiving interleukin-2 plus antiretroviral therapy and 2040 receiving antiretroviral therapy alone) who had a median CD4+ cell count of 457 cells per cubic millimeter were enrolled. Over a median follow-up period of 7 to 8 years, the CD4+ cell count was higher in the interleukin-2 group than in the group receiving antiretroviral therapy alone--by 53 and 159 cells per cubic millimeter, on average, in the SILCAAT study and ESPRIT, respectively. Hazard ratios for opportunistic disease or death from

Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of the IL-20-IL-20R1-IL-20R2 complex

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Logsdon, Naomi J.; Allen, Christopher E.; Rajashankar, Kanagalaghatta R.; Walter, Mark R. (Cornell); (UAB)

2012-02-08

Interleukin-20 (IL-20) is an IL-10-family cytokine that regulates innate and adaptive immunity in skin and other tissues. In addition to protecting the host from various external pathogens, dysregulated IL-20 signaling has been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of human psoriasis. IL-20 signals through two cell-surface receptor heterodimers, IL-20R1-IL-20R2 and IL-22R1-IL-20R2. In this report, crystals of the IL-20-IL-20R1-IL-20R2 ternary complex have been grown from polyethylene glycol solutions. The crystals belonged to space group P4{sub 1}2{sub 1}2 or P4{sub 3}2{sub 1}2, with unit-cell parameters a = 111, c = 135 {angstrom}, and diffracted X-rays to 3 {angstrom} resolution. The crystallographic asymmetric unit contains one IL-20-IL-20R1-IL-20R2 complex, corresponding to a solvent content of approximately 54%.

Decreased Pulmonary Function in School Children in Western Japan after Exposures to Asian Desert Dusts and Its Association with Interleukin-8

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Masanari Watanabe

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of Asian dust storms (ADS on pulmonary function of school children and the relationship of this effect with interleukin-8. Morning peak expiratory flow (PEF was measured daily in 399 children from April to May 2012 and in 384 of these children from March to May 2013. The data were analyzed for an association between ADS events and PEF by linear mixed models. Interleukin-8 transcriptional activity was assessed in THP-G8 cells stimulated by airborne particles collected on ADS days. Seven ADS days were identified: April 23 and 24, 2012; March 8 to 10, 2013; and March 19 and 20, 2013. Changes in PEF after ADS exposure were −8.17 L/min (95% confidence interval, −11.40 to −4.93 in 2012 and −1.17 L/min (−4.07 to 1.74 in 2013, and there was a significant difference between 2012 and 2013. Interleukin-8 transcriptional activity was significantly higher in 2012 at 10.6±2.9-fold compared to 3.7±0.4 in March 8 to 10, 2013, and 2.3±0.2 in March 19 and 20, 2013. The influence of ADS events on pulmonary function of children differs with each ADS event and may be related to interleukin-8 production.

Decreased Pulmonary Function in School Children in Western Japan after Exposures to Asian Desert Dusts and Its Association with Interleukin-8

Science.gov (United States)

Watanabe, Masanari; Kurai, Jun; Sano, Hiroyuki; Saito, Rumiko; Kimura, Yutaka; Aiba, Setsuya; Oshimura, Mitsuo; Yamasaki, Akira; Shimizu, Eiji

2015-01-01

The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of Asian dust storms (ADS) on pulmonary function of school children and the relationship of this effect with interleukin-8. Morning peak expiratory flow (PEF) was measured daily in 399 children from April to May 2012 and in 384 of these children from March to May 2013. The data were analyzed for an association between ADS events and PEF by linear mixed models. Interleukin-8 transcriptional activity was assessed in THP-G8 cells stimulated by airborne particles collected on ADS days. Seven ADS days were identified: April 23 and 24, 2012; March 8 to 10, 2013; and March 19 and 20, 2013. Changes in PEF after ADS exposure were −8.17 L/min (95% confidence interval, −11.40 to −4.93) in 2012 and −1.17 L/min (−4.07 to 1.74) in 2013, and there was a significant difference between 2012 and 2013. Interleukin-8 transcriptional activity was significantly higher in 2012 at 10.6 ± 2.9-fold compared to 3.7 ± 0.4 in March 8 to 10, 2013, and 2.3 ± 0.2 in March 19 and 20, 2013. The influence of ADS events on pulmonary function of children differs with each ADS event and may be related to interleukin-8 production. PMID:26060816

Historisk sociologisk refleksivitet – et nyt begreb i historiefagets og samfundsfagets didaktik

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Leon Dalgas

2004-01-01

in society. On the basis of theories of the reflexive modernization of society it is argued that this participation implies a constant critical awareness of the processes of social change. The article develops the term “historical sociological reflexivity” to emphasize this and criticizes both the theories......Historical sociological reflexivity – a new term in the theory of teaching and learning history and social sciences The article argues that the aims of teaching history and social sciences in primary and secondary schools must be to develop the competence of children and young people to participate...

BIM og parametrisk formgivning

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hermund, Anders

2009-01-01

Digitale værktøjer i byggebranchen er i og for sig ikke noget nyt. I hvert fald ikke splinternyt. Siden 1980’erne har en gradvis digitalisering slået rødder på en måde der ikke lader megen tvivl tilbage om hvorvidt det fremtidige byggeri kommer til at foregå med eller uden computerens hjælp. Tekn...

Omlæg operationen i Afghanistan

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Veicherts, Nicolas Teodors

2008-01-01

Ingen er længere i tvivl om, at tidens krige i f.eks. Afghanistan ikke alene kan vindes med militære midler. Sejr i Afghanistan i form af et nyt stabilt politisk system kan kun ske gennem en kombination af militær og civil indsats. Særligt når det gælder bekæmpelsen af væbnede og aggressive...

Individual music therapy for agitation in dementia

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ridder, Hanne Mette Ochsner; Stige, Brynjulf; Qvale, Liv Gunnhild

2014-01-01

Godt nyt til dem, der har nydt et liv som glade musikere. Musik kan ikke blot bidrage til at øge kognitiv reserve, men kan også skabe ro og nærvær. Det er en unik ressource, og der er i den seneste tid kommet fokus på de skjulte fordele ved musiknydelse, musikudøvelse og musikalsk samvær, og bl.a...

Science i dagtilbud

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Broström, Stig; Frøkjær, Thorleif

Man kan se bogen som en konkretisering af læreplans-temaet "naturen og naturfænomener", og som indgang til et nyt "7. læreplanstema", som måske er på vej! Bogen angiver metoder til at støtte børnene i at undre sig, opstille hypoteser og pædagoger som sammen med børnene konstruerer mulige "naturvi...

Vikingeborgen i Limfjordslandet

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sindbæk, Søren Michael

2013-01-01

. Arkæologien har vist, at borgene blev bygget omkring eller kort før år 980, mens Harald Blåtand var konge, og så godt som sikkert på hans befaling. Hverken før eller siden fik folk i vikingetidens Danmark noget lignende at se. Hvordan blev et byggeri som dette muligt? For nylig er det lykkedes at kaste nyt...

Fækalier og Fiktion

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lech, Marcel Lysgaard

2013-01-01

Jeg vil i denne artikel give et bud på, om de græske guder har en anus, og om det i så fald kan kaste nyt lys over vores forståelse af hovedpersonen Dionysos i Aristofanes’ Frøerne, og over athenerens opfattelse af de græske guder i komedierne helt generelt: Anså man disse repræsentationer for at...

Mouvements et enjeux sociaux

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

20 févr. 2004 ... les théories sociologiques et politiques en rapport avec les perceptions, le ...... Enfin, le recrutement de force des shégués dans l'armé et la police n'a pas fait mieux ..... dépassent en ingéniosité et en stratégie. D'où le vœu ...

Interleukin-1 antagonism in type 1 diabetes of recent onset

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Moran, Antoinette; Bundy, Brian; Becker, Dorothy J

2013-01-01

Innate immunity contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, but until now no randomised, controlled trials of blockade of the key innate immune mediator interleukin-1 have been done. We aimed to assess whether canakinumab, a human monoclonal anti-interleukin-1...... antibody, or anakinra, a human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, improved β-cell function in recent-onset type 1 diabetes....

A Logic Programming Based Approach to Applying Abstract Interpretation to Embedded Software

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Henriksen, Kim Steen

anvendt til at analysere programmer udviklet til indlejrede systemer. Et givet indlejret system modelleres som en emulator skrevet i en variant af logikprogrammering kaldet constraint logic programming (CLP). Emulatoren specialiseres med hensyn til et givet program, hvilket resulterer i et nyt program i...... programmeringsparadigme der har et solidt matematisk fundament. Et af dets karakteristika er adskillelsen af logik (betydningen af et program) og kontrol (hvordan programmet udføres), hvilket gør logikprogrammering til et meget anvendeligt sprog hvad angår programanalyse. I denne afhandling bliver logikprogrammering...... skrevet i sproget CLP der samtidig er isomorft med programmet skrevet til det indlejrede system. Anvendes abstract interpretation baserede analysatorer på det specialiserede program, kan resultater fra denne analyse direkte overføres til den indlejrede program, da dette program og den specialiserede...

Emerging Role of Interleukin-1 in Cardiovascular Diseases

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Vicenová, B.; Vopálenský, D.; Burýšek, L.; Pospíšek, Martin

2009-01-01

Roč. 58, č. 4 (2009), s. 481-498 ISSN 0862-8408 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) 1M06014 Keywords : interleukin-1 * interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein * signal pathways * cardiovascular diseases Subject RIV: ED - Physiology Impact factor: 1.430, year: 2009 http://www.biomed.cas.cz/physiolres/pdf/58/58_481.pdf

The effect of interleukin-1 on iron metabolism in rats

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Uchida, Tatsumi; Yamagiwa, Akio; Nakamura, Kenichi (The First Department of Internal Medicine, Fukushima Medical College, Fukushima (Japan))

1991-01-01

The effect of interleukin-1 on iron metabolism in rats was evaluated. Plasma iron decreased from 184 +- 16 {mu}g/dl (mean +- SE) to 24 +- 12 at 6 hours after interleukin-1 intramuscular administration in non-fasting rats and 109 +- 6 {mu}g/dl to 12 +- 1 {mu}g/dl in fasting rats, which was significantly lower than in control rats. Ferrokinetic studies showed a more rapid disapperance rate and lower iron turnover in interleukin-1-injected rats. The release of iron from the mononuclear phagocyte system to plasma was studied at 3 h after interleukin-1 administration. Although the percent of radioactivity in plasma of the total injected dose was 3.2 +- 0.6% in interleukin-1, which was significantly lower than in the control rats (5.4 +- 0.6%) at 9 h after intravenous injection of {sup 59}Fe chondroitin ferrous sulfate, there was no differnece between the amount of {sup 59}Fe released from the mononuclear phagocyte system over the first 9 h in interleukin-1 and control rats. These data appear to imply that iron release is unimpaired but that, for some reason, there is an enhanced rate of clearance of the {sup 59}Fe once it has been released from the mononuclear phagocyte system into the plasma. (author).

Clinical significance of changes of plasma concentration of endothelium and serum levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xie Jianping; Zhang Guoyuan; Li Suping; Wu Chenxiu; Sun Yuejun; Yan Zongxun

2003-01-01

Objective: To determine the changes of plasma endothelium (ET) and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Plasma ET and serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in 61 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) 36 without complication and 25 cases with complications and 33 controls. Results: (1) The plasma levels of ET and serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were significantly higher than those in the controls (p<0.01); (2) The blood levels of ET, TNF-α in patients with complications were significantly higher than those in patients without complications (p<0.02); (3) The blood levels of ET, IL-6 and TNF-α were mutually positively correlated. Conclusion: Monitoring of ET, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in diabetic patients can provide additional valuable information for assessing the course of disease and efficacy of management

Effect of Interleukin 1b on rat thymus microenvironment

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M Artico

2009-12-01

Full Text Available The effect of interleukin 1b on the thymus of control and chemically sympathectomized adult and aged rats was studied with the aim of assessing the importance of adrenergic nerve fibres (ANF in the regulation of some immunological functions.The whole thymus was removed from normal, sympathectomized (with the neurotoxin 6-OH-dopamine and treated (interleukin 1b rats. Thymic slices were stained with eosin orange (for the recognition of microanatomical details of the thymic microenvironment and with Bodian’s method for staining of nerve fibres. Histofluorescence microscopy was employed for staining ANF and immunofluorescence was used for detecting NPY-like immunoreactivity. All images were submitted to quantitative morphometrical analysis and statistical analysis of data. Moreover, the amount of proteins and noradrenaline was measured on thymic homogenates. The results indicate that in normal conditions the formation of the thymic nerve plexi in the rat is complex: the majority of ANF are destroyed after chemical sympathectomy with 6-OH-dopamine and do not change after treatment with interleukin 1b; on the contrary, treatment with interleukin 1b induces substantial changes in the fresh weight of the thymus, the thymic microenvironment, thymic nerve fibers, ANF, NPY-like positive nerve fibres, and on the total amount of proteins and noradrenaline in rat thymic tissue homogenates.Immunostimulation with interleukin 1b induces substantial changes in the whole thymus, in its microenvironment and in ANF and NPY-like nerve fibres. After chemical sympathectomy, no significant immune response was evoked by interleukin 1b, since the majority of ANF was destroyed by chemical sympathectomy.

Interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 production in acute leukemia with monocytoid differentiation

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Schoot, C. E.; Jansen, P.; Poorter, M.; Wester, M. R.; von dem Borne, A. E.; Aarden, L. A.; van Oers, R. H.

1989-01-01

Several authors have reported the in vitro production of colony-stimulating factors (CSF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) by the neoplastic cells from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Using a sensitive bioassay for IL-6, the capacity of the leukemic cells of 30 patients with AML to produce IL-6

Bee Venom Acupuncture Reduces Interleukin-6, Increases Interleukin-10, and Induces Locomotor Recovery in a Model of Spinal Cord Compression.

Science.gov (United States)

Nascimento de Souza, Raquel; Silva, Fernanda Kohn; Alves de Medeiros, Magda

2017-06-01

Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) initiate a series of molecular and cellular events in which inflammatory responses can lead to major neurological dysfunctions. The present study aims to investigate whether bee venom (BV) acupuncture applied at acupoints ST36 (Zusanli) and GV3 (Yaoyangquan) could minimize locomotor deficits and the magnitude of neural tissue losses, and change the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines after an SCI by compression. Wistar rats were subjected to an SCI model by compression in which a 2-French Fogarty embolectomy catheter was inflated in the extradural space. The effects of BV acupuncture, in which 20 μL of BV diluted in saline (0.08 mg/kg) was injected at acupoints GV3 and ST36 [BV(ST36+GV3)-SCI] was compared with BV injected at nonacupoints [BV(NP)-SCI] and with no treatment [group subjected only to SCI (CTL-SCI)]. The BV(ST36+GV3)-SCI group showed a significant improvement in the locomotor performance and a decrease of lesion size compared with the controls. BV acupuncture at the ST36 + GV3 increased the expression of interleukin-10 (anti-inflammatory) at 6 hours and reduced the expression of interleukin-6 (proinflammatory) at 24 hours after SCI compared with the controls. Our results suggest that BV acupuncture can reduce neuroinflammation and induce recovery in the SCI compression model. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Dansk professor lærer kineserne at studere vandfugles økologi

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Jens Christian

2008-01-01

Dværggåsen finder et nyt lækkert skud 5 gange i sekundet - til gengæld kræver det langt større tålmodighed at vente på at de lægger en klat. Det var blandt erfaringerne da forskningsprofessor Tony Fox, Danmarks Miljøundersøgelser ved Aarhus Universitet i februars kulde gennemførte to kurser i van...

Er Foucault en middelalderlige skamfuld eller ukritisk tænker?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Staunæs, Dorthe; Raffnsøe, Sverre

2018-01-01

Ifølge Per Aage Brandt indeholder et ikke før udgivet interview med Foucault nøglen til den franske filosofs værk, som »ingen har kunnet finde hoved eller hale på«. Men hvem er det, der ikke kan det? Hvilken form for kritik kræver det at lære noget nyt? Og kan man undgå at begynde i fordommen...

Er Foucault en middelalderlig, skamfuld eller ukritisk tænker?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Raffnsøe, Sverre; Staunæs, Dorthe

2018-01-01

Ifølge Per Aage Brandt indeholder et ikke før udgivet interview med Foucault nøglen til den franske filosofs værk, som »ingen har kunnet finde hoved eller hale på«. Men hvem er det, der ikke kan det? Hvilken form for kritik kræver det at lære noget nyt? Og kan man undgå at begynde i fordommen?...

Academic Stress Influences Periodontal Health Condition and Interleukin-1 beta Level

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sandra O. Kuswandani

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Stress is a risk factor for periodontal disease, causing increase levels of interleukin-1 beta that involve in periodontal destruction. Objective: To analyze the relationship between academic stress in residency program students conditions and levels of interleukin-1 beta in gingival crevicular fluid. Methods: Thirty eight subjects filled the questionnaire of Graduate Dental Environtmental Stress (GDES, periodontal examination and samples of gingival crevicular fluid were tested for interleukin-1 beta with the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA test. Results: There were significant differences between academic stress to periodontal tissue in oral hygiene (p=0.038, bleeding on probing index (p=0.02, but no significant differences in pocket depth and loss of attachment (p=0.972. There were significant differences between academic stress to levels of interleukin-1 beta (p=0.03, but no significant differences between levels of interleukin-1 beta to periodontal tissue in oral hygiene (p=0.465, bleeding on probing index (p=0.826, pocket depth (p=0.968, and loss of attachment (p=0.968. Conclusion: Academic stress influences the periodontal risk factor and level of interleukin-1 beta.

Analyse de Le web 2.0 en classe de langue – Une réflexion théorique et des activités pratiques pour faire le point

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maud Ciekanski

2012-12-01

Full Text Available 1. Délimitation de l'ouvrage L'ouvrage Le web 2.0 en classe de langue, co-écrit par Christian Ollivier et Laurent Puren, de l'université de La Réunion, tous deux experts dans la formation de formateurs et dans l'utilisation des TIC (technologies de l'information et de la communication en situation d'apprentissage des langues, se propose de faire le point sur ce que les auteurs nomment "le phénomène web 2.0" de façon à permettre aux enseignants de langues d'enrichir leurs pratiques en découvr...

Sindsvidde og inklusion

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Korsgaard, Morten Timmermann

2016-01-01

I denne artikel kastes et utraditionelt blik på den teoretiske og politiske inklusionsdagsorden. Med udgangspunkt i Hannah Arendt's tænkning forsøges det at ’fremmedgøre’ inklusionsbegrebet, for at kunne etablere et nyt vokabular for, hvad det er vi bør tale om i forhold til at udvikle skolen og...... børnenes evne til at indlemme det som er anderledes og det som er fremmed i skolens fællesskab. Derpå følger et forsøg på at re-pædagogisere det at tale om forskellighed og fællesskab i skolen. Igen med udgangspunkt i centrale begreber hos Arendt fremskrives et perspektiv på fællesskab der kunne danne...

[POEMS syndrome: role and value of interleukin-6].

Science.gov (United States)

Andrès, E; Courouau, F; Kaltenbach, G; Maloisel, F; Imler, M

1996-01-01

POEMS syndrome is a systemic disorder with peripheral neuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy and skin changes. The association of POEMS syndrome with lympho-proliferative disorder is very commun. The pathogenesis remains poorly understood but implication of cytokines (interleukins 1 and 6) is suspected. We report a case of a classic POEMS syndrome (with polyneuropathy, hepatomegaly, diabetes melitus, hyperpigmentation, monoclonal IgG lambda, anasarca and solitary plasmocytoma), associated with high serum levels of interleukin 6.

The Role of High Dose Interleukin-2 in the Era of Targeted Therapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Gills, Jessie; Parker, William P; Pate, Scott; Niu, Sida; Van Veldhuizen, Peter; Mirza, Moben; Holzbeierlein, Jeffery M; Lee, Eugene K

2017-09-01

We assessed survival outcomes following high dose interleukin-2 in a contemporary cohort of patients during the era of targeted agents. We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with high dose interleukin-2 between July 2007 and September 2014. Clinicopathological data were abstracted and patient response to therapy was based on RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors), version 1.1 criteria. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate progression-free and overall survival in the entire cohort, the response to high dose interleukin-2 in regard to previous targeted agent therapy and the response to the targeted agent in relation to the response to high dose interleukin-2. We identified 92 patients, of whom 87 had documentation of a response to high dose interleukin-2. Median overall survival was 34.4 months from the initiation of high dose interleukin-2 therapy in the entire cohort. Patients who received targeted therapy before high dose interleukin-2 had overall survival (median 34.4 and 30.0 months, p = 0.88) and progression-free survival (median 1.5 and 1.7 months, p = 0.8) similar to those in patients who received no prior therapy, respectively. Additionally, patients with a complete or partial response to high dose interleukin-2 had similar outcomes for subsequent targeted agents compared to patients whose best response was stable or progressive disease (median overall survival 30.1 vs 25.4 months, p = 0.4). Our data demonstrate that patient responses to high dose interleukin-2 and to targeted agents before and after receiving high dose interleukin-2 are independent. As such, carefully selected patients should be offered high dose interleukin-2 for the possibility of a complete and durable response without the fear of limiting the treatment benefit of targeted agents. Copyright © 2017 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

En følsom metier

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Staunæs, Dorthe

2011-01-01

følelsesøkonomi, der opstår, når såvel menneskers som professioners selvforståelse udfordres. Derfor må den pædagogisk-psykologiske faglighed på arbejde og gøre ledelse af PPR i en inklusionstid til en følsom metier. Selvom den pædagogiske-psykologiske faglighed er udfordret er den måske netop nødvendig på et nyt...

Primary Care Use before Cancer Diagnosis in Adolescents and Young Adults - A Nationwide Register Study

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ahrensberg, Jette Møller; Fenger-Grøn, Morten; Vedsted, Peter

2016-01-01

Unge med kræft går hyppigere til lægen end deres raske jævnaldrende i tiden før en kræftdiagnose. Et nyt studie viser, at unge med kræft oftere end kontrolgruppen søger deres praktiserende læge allerede 8 måneder før diagnosetidspunktet. Forskerne fandt, at unge med modermærkekræft oftere søgte d...

Mod bæredygtig FM i Danmark

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Holm, Camilla Bøje; Pietras, Carsten; Maslesa, Esmir

2013-01-01

Klodens begrænsede ressourcer og klimaforandringer kalder på innovation og pionerer indenfor FM faget. Der er brug for nytænkning og gode eksempler på, hvordan FM opgaver forenes med et bæredygtigt samfundsperspektiv. I Danmark synes der, at være store udviklingspotentialer i FM verdenen på dette...... område, og pt. er der ingen endelige svar på, hvad bæredygtig FM egentlig er....

Associations between interleukin and interleukin receptor gene polymorphisms and risk of gout.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Shiguo; Zhou, Zheng; Wang, Can; Guo, Mingzhen; Chu, Nan; Li, Changgui

2015-09-24

Gout is a self-limiting, auto-inflammatory arthritis induced by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the synovial fluid and periarticular tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between genetic variants in the interleukin (IL) and interleukin receptor (ILR) genes IL-33, IL-1RL1, IL-23R, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) and susceptibility to gout in Chinese Han male individuals. The genetic distributions of rs3939286 in IL-33, rs13015714 in IL-1RL1, rs10889677 in IL-23R, and rs7574865 in STAT4 were detected in 1100 men with gout and 1227 ethnically matched controls, using Taqman allelic discrimination real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Differences in these polymorphisms between the groups were investigated using χ(2) tests. The genotype-phenotype relationship among gout patients was tested by analysis of variance. There was a significant difference in genotypic frequencies of IL-23R rs10889677 between gout patients and controls (χ(2) = 81.386, P gout in Chinese Han male individuals. However, further studies in other ethnic groups are needed to confirm these results.

Serum concentrations of interleukin-1 alpha, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in neonatal sepsis and meningitis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fida, Nadia M.; Fadelallah, Mohamed F.; Al-Mughales, Jamil A.

2006-01-01

To investigate whether serum levels of interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), C-reactive protein (CRP) are useful in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and meningitis and differentiate them. Blood samples were collected from 35 full term neonates with suspected infection who admitted to the Neonatology Unit, Pediatric Department, King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia during January 2002 - June 2003. On the basis of laboratory and bacteriological results, newborns were classified into: sepsis (n=28), meningitis (n=7), and healthy controls (n=16). Sepsis groups were further subdivided according to culture results into: group 1 = proven sepsis (n=6), group 2 = clinical sepsis (n=14), and group 3 = possible-infected (n=8). Serum levels of IL-1alpha, IL-6, TNF-alpha were measured using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay while CRP by nephelometer: In sepsis and meningitis patients, serum levels of CRP (p<0.01, p<0.05,) and IL-1alpha (p<0.001, p<0.05) were elevated than controls. C-reactive protein levels elevated in proven sepsis (p<0.001) and IL-1alpha elevated in all subgroups of sepsis (groups 1, 2, 3) compared with (p<0.05, p<0.001, p<0.01) controls. Interleukin-6, TNF-alpha showed no significant differences between studied groups. In sepsis and meningitis, IL-1alpha had a highest sensitivity (89%, 86%), and negative predictive values (89% and 93%). Interleukin-1alpha and CRP increased in neonatal sepsis and meningitis, but cannot differentiate between them. Interleukin-1alpha had a highest sensitivity in prediction of neonatal infection and its assessment may improve accuracy of diagnosis. (author)

Hannah Arendt og pædagogikken

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Korsgaard, Morten Timmermann

Hannah Arendt er en af det 20. århundredes store politiske tænkere. Hovedværkerne Det totalitære samfundssystems oprindelse, Menneskets vilkår og Eichmann i Jerusalem er centrale skrifter i den politiske filosofi og behandler vigtige emner som totalitarisme, menneskelig handling og ondskab. Derfor...... er Arendts ganske vist få og sporadiske ─ men ikke mindre vigtige ─ tanker om pædagogikken også en smule oversete. Og ikke nok med det: De fleste pædagogiske fortolkere af Arendt læser med Arendt mod Arendt i stedet for at følge Arendts tænkning om skole og opdragelse til ende. Det forsøger dette...... lille skrift at råde bod på. Arendts tanker om pædagogikken udgør nemlig et væsentligt alternativ til de tanker om pædagogik, der er fremherskende i dag, og giver et nyt perspektiv på pædagogikken. Bogen argumenterer bl.a. for, at man med ideerne om læringssamfundet og konkurrencestaten helt glemmer...

Mondialisation et réforme des sommets internationaux : Le L-20, un ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

18 déc. 2008 ... Cet ouvrage, qui comprend un avant-propos de Gordon Smith et une postface du très honorable Paul Martin, ancien premier ministre du Canada, ainsi qu'un glossaire, fournit une rare occasion d'apprécier de l'intérieur les mécanismes de la gouvernance internationale et ses perspectives d'avenir.

Th2 cytokines and asthma — The role of interleukin-5 in allergic eosinophilic disease

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chapman Richard W

2001-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Interleukin-5 is produced by a number of cell types, and is responsible for the maturation and release of eosinophils in the bone marrow. In humans, interleukin-5 is a very selective cytokine as a result of the restricted expression of the interleukin-5 receptor on eosinophils and basophils. Eosinophils are a prominent feature in the pulmonary inflammation that is associated with allergic airway diseases, suggesting that inhibition of interleukin-5 is a viable treatment. The present review addresses the data that relate interleukin-5 to pulmonary inflammation and function in animal models, and the use of neutralizing anti-interleukin-5 monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of asthma in humans.

Panorama des pensions 2015 les indicateurs de l'OCDE et du G20

CERN Document Server

2016-01-01

Rapport bisannuel de l’OCDE sur les systèmes de pension dans les pays de l’Organisation. Chaque édition propose une vue d’ensemble et une comparaison des politiques en matière de pension dans les pays de l’OCDE et du rôle des réformes et des pensions privées. Cette première partie est suivie par une série de rapports par pays qui analysent la situation dans chacun des pays de l’Organisation.

20 fevrier 2012 - Le Vice-Président du Gouvernement Wallon et Ministre du Développement durable et de la Fonction Publique en charge de l’Energie du Logement et de la Recherche J.-M. Nollet, Royaume de Belgique, visite la salle de contrôle de CMS au Point 5, la caverne expérimentale CMS et le hall de tests des aimants supraconducteurs du LHC. Les chefs de département T. Lagrange et F. Hemmer accompagnent la délégation. L. Walckiers guide la visite SM18.

CERN Multimedia

Maximilien Brice

2012-01-01

20 fevrier 2012 - Le Vice-Président du Gouvernement Wallon et Ministre du Développement durable et de la Fonction Publique en charge de l’Energie du Logement et de la Recherche J.-M. Nollet, Royaume de Belgique, visite la salle de contrôle de CMS au Point 5, la caverne expérimentale CMS et le hall de tests des aimants supraconducteurs du LHC. Les chefs de département T. Lagrange et F. Hemmer accompagnent la délégation. L. Walckiers guide la visite SM18.

[Expressions of interleukin-17 and interleukin-8 in the prostatic tissue of the patients with BPH or BPH with inflammation].

Science.gov (United States)

Gao, Rui; Liu, Qi-Xiang; Zhou, Hui-Liang; Cao, Lin-Sheng; Jiang, Tao; Tang, Song-Xi; Ding, Yi-Lang

2017-08-01

To investigate the expressions of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and BPH complicated with histological inflammation and their significance. According to the results of HE staining, we divided 60 cases of BPH treated by transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) into a BPH group (n = 23) and a BPH with inflammation group (n = 37). We analyzed the clinical data of the patients and determined the mRNA and protein expressions of IL-17 and IL-8 by immunohistochemistry, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and Western blot, respectively. Compared with the BPH patients complicated with inflammation, the BPH group showed significantly lower International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) (29.1 ± 6.2 vs 21.6 ± 3.7), quality of life score (QoL) (5.4 ± 1.3 vs 4.4 ± 1.6), postvoid residual urine volume (RUV) (［198.6 ± 15.5］ vs ［98.2 ± 19.3］ ml), prostate volume (［69.2 ± 24.1］ vs ［49.8 ± 16.5］ ml), PSA level (［7.4 ± 1.9］ vs ［2.8 ± 0.8］ μg/L) and serum c-reactive protein content (CRP) (［5.1±2.0］ vs ［1.5±0.6］ mg/L), but a higher maximum urine flow rate (Qmax) (［4.7 ± 2.1］ vs ［8.2 ± 1.8］ ml/s) (all PBPH patients with inflammation, which may play a significant role in the development and progression of BPH.

Interleukin-1-receptor antagonist in type 2 diabetes mellitus

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Larsen, Claus M; Faulenbach, Mirjam; Vaag, Allan

2007-01-01

BACKGROUND: The expression of interleukin-1-receptor antagonist is reduced in pancreatic islets of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and high glucose concentrations induce the production of interleukin-1beta in human pancreatic beta cells, leading to impaired insulin secretion, decreased cell...... proliferation, and apoptosis. METHODS: In this double-blind, parallel-group trial involving 70 patients with type 2 diabetes, we randomly assigned 34 patients to receive 100 mg of anakinra (a recombinant human interleukin-1-receptor antagonist) subcutaneously once daily for 13 weeks and 36 patients to receive...... placebo. At baseline and at 13 weeks, all patients underwent an oral glucose-tolerance test, followed by an intravenous bolus of 0.3 g of glucose per kilogram of body weight, 0.5 mg of glucagon, and 5 g of arginine. In addition, 35 patients underwent a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp study. The primary...

Frikommuneforsøg mellem innovation og bureaukrati

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Poulsen, Julie Sand; Agger Nielsen, Jeppe

2014-01-01

Frikommuneordningen anno 2012 repræsenterer et interessant forsøg på at bryde med unødigt statslig kontrol og i stedet opmuntre til kreativitet i den lokale velfærdsstat. Via et casestudie af en frikommunes innovationsbestræbelser i beskæftigelsesindsatsen, bidrager artiklen med en af de første...... balanceringen af samtidige ønsker om stabil drift og nytænkning. Trods ihærdige innovationsanstrengelser i jobcenterorganisationen ser vi tendenser til at kommunen fraviger de innovative spor (fx idéen om at sætte medarbejderne fri) og i stedet falder tilbage til kendte virkemidler (kontrol). Artiklen afsluttes...

Projekt Frit Sind hjælper mennesker med social angst

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Moutamid, Mina El

2017-01-01

Social angst er en almindelig, men overset lidelse, som ofte er forbundet med isolation. Mange fortæller ikke om den angst, de oplever, til andre og kommer til at leve et liv med begrænsninger, som de kunne være foruden, hvis de fik hjælp. Angsten betyder også, at det kan være svært at komme...... hjemmefra og opsøge hjælp hos SIND eller andre rådgivninger. Frit Sind er et nyt tilbud i København til disse mennesker og har fokus på de specifikke behov, mennesker med social angst har....

Facebook og social ambivalens

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tække, Jesper

2013-01-01

Facebook er et prominent eksempel på de digitale medier, der i disse år ryster samfundet med sine nye (u)muligheder for ageren, interaktion og deling af information. Dette kapitel analyserer, hvordan befolkningen med introduktionen af Facebook som nyt medie aktuelt udsættes for en række sociale...... mediemiljø. Et vigtigt spørgsmål herunder er, om Facebook med sin aktuelle funktionelle arkitektur forstærker eller direkte initierer sociale ambivalenser, set op imod de digitale mediers generelle potentialitet for transparens og selektion, og dermed kommer til at bevirke, at samfundet har unødigt svært ved...

The interleukin 2 gene is expressed in the syncytiotrophoblast of the human placenta

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boehm, K.D.; Kelley, M.F.; Ilan, J.; Ilan, J.

1989-01-01

The lymphokine interleukin 2 is an important immune system regulatory glycopolypeptide. It is produced by antigen- or mitogen-stimulated T lymphocytes and is required for the proliferation or clonal expansion of activated T lymphocytes. In this report, it is demonstrated by RNA transfer blot hybridization that the poly(A) + RNA population of the human placenta contains a 0.85-kilobase RNA transcript that specifically hybridizes to a human interleukin 2 cDNA probe. By using hybridization histochemistry in situ, it is further shown that interleukin 2 RNA transcripts are localized, primarily, to the syncytial (syncytiotrophoblast) layer of the human placenta. Possible roles for syncytiotrophoblast-produced interleukin 2 are suggested and discussed

DMPD: Pathophysiological roles of interleukin-18 in inflammatory liver diseases. [Dynamic Macrophage Pathway CSML Database

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 10807517 Pathophysiological roles of interleukin-18 in inflammatory liver diseases....l) Show Pathophysiological roles of interleukin-18 in inflammatory liver diseases. PubmedID 10807517 Title P...athophysiological roles of interleukin-18 in inflammatory liver diseases. Authors

The role of cortisol and interleukin-10 gene expression patterns in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

creatine kinase MM level at 1 hour post exhaustive exercise when compared with pre-exercise stage (F = ... interleukin-10 genes were up-regulated at 4 hours post exercise and sustained ..... work demonstrated that interleukin-10 levels are elevated during strenuous exercise (Ostrowski .... Effects of a 12- week endurance.

Interleukin-2 Therapy of Cancer

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Bubeník, Jan

2004-01-01

Roč. 50, 3-4 (2004), s. 120-130 ISSN 0015-5500 R&D Projects: GA MZd NC7148; GA ČR GA301/04/0492; GA AV ČR IAA5052203 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z5052915 Keywords : interleukin 2 * cancer therapy Subject RIV: EC - Immunology Impact factor: 0.507, year: 2004

Interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 6 decreas nuclear thyroid hormone receptor capacity in a liver cell line

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wolf, M.; Hansen, N.; Greten, H.

1994-01-01

Many of the acute inflammatory responses in critical illness are mediated by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNTF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Furthermore, these cytokines are involved in mediating the characteristic changes of thyroid function during acute disease known as non-thyroidal illness. In the present studies the authors investigated in vitro whether TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 modify nuclear thyroid hormone receptor (TR) capacity and/or affinity. Regulation of TR synthesis was studied in the human hepatoma cell line Hep-G2. Subconfluent cells were incubated with recombinant cytokines in serum-free medium. Nuclear extracts were prepared by high-salt extraction of cell nuclei. Binding assays were performed with [ 125 I]-triiodothyronine; bound and free hormone were separated by filtration. Interleukin 1β decreased TR capacity in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with unstimulated cells, the TR capacity was reduced to 87.9 ± 3.9% after incubation with 0.1, 1.0 and 100 μg/l IL-1β, respectively. Interleukin 6 and TNF-α significantly reduced receptor capacity only at concentrations of 10μg/l or higher and the magnitude of the reduction was lower than with IL-1β. The TR capacity was reduced to 81.2 ± 2.3% and 83.2 ± 6.6% after stimulation with 10μg/l IL-6 or TNF-α, respectively. TR affinity was not altered significantly after stimulation with any of the cytokines. 44 refs., 4 figs

Measurement of the fission cross section of uranium-235 between 4 eV and 20 keV; Mesure de la section efficace de fission de l'uranium-235 entre 4 eV et 20 keV

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Michaudon, A; Genin, R; Joly, R; Vendryes, G

1959-01-01

The neutron fission cross section of uranium-235 has been measured between 4 ev and 20 kev by the time of flight method with the Saclay electron linear accelerator as a pulsed neutron source. After a brief description of the experimental apparatus and the conditions of work during the experiment, the curve {sigma}{sub F} {radical}E in the energy range studied is shown. This curve is then analyzed by the ''area'' method and a set of {sigma}{sub 0} {gamma}{sub F} values is obtained. With {sigma}{sub 0} {gamma} values measured in other laboratories, it is possible to compute fission widths for several resonances and to study their distribution. This distribution is then compared to Porter-Thomas distributions with different values of the number of exit channels. (authors) [French] La section efficace de fission de l'uranium--235 a ete mesuree entre 4 eV et 20 KeV par la methode du temps de vol en utilisant l'accelerateur lineaire a electrons de Saclay comme source pulses de neutrons. Apres une rapide description de l'appareillage experimental et des conditions de fonctionnement au cours de l'experience, on presente la courbe {sigma}{sub F} {radical}E obtenue dans la game d'energie etudiee. Cette courbe est ensuite analysee par la methode de surface des resonances et un lot de valeurs de {sigma}{sub 0} {gamma}{sub F} est obtenue. Conjuguee avec les valeurs de {sigma}{sub 0} {gamma} obtenues dans d'autres laboratoires, cette analyse permet de calculer les largeurs de fission pour plusieurs resonances et d'etudier leur distribution. Cette distribution est ensuite comparee aux distributions de Porter et Thomas correspondant a differentes valeurs du nombre de voies de sortie. (auteurs)

Architecture and Energy. Towards a broader Focus

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lauring, Michael; Marsh, Rob

 Architecture and Energy. Towards a broader focus. By Michael Lauring and Rob Marsh   In typical new Danish dwellings build according to the standards of the Building Regulations 2008 approximately 35% of the primary energy use is related to heat consumption divided into 23% room heating and 12% ...... & Hacker (2008): Bygninger, Energi, Klima. Mod et nyt paradigme.  Statens Byggeforskningsinstitut (Danish Building Research Institute). [2] Marsh, Larsen, Lauring & Christensen (2006): Arkitektur og energi. Statens Byggeforskningsinstitut (Danish Building Research Instititute)....

An Experimental and Theoretical Study of CO2 Hydrate Formation Systems

OpenAIRE

Tzirakis, Fragkiskos; Kontogeorgis, Georgios; Coquelet, Christophe; von Solms, Nicolas; Stringari, Paolo

2016-01-01

Hydrate krystallisering kan blive en vigtig kulstofopsamling metode, forudsat at denne teknologi undergår yderligere forskning. Med henblik på dette mål, forsøger denne undersøgelse at kaste lys over en helt nyt emne for forskning: hydrat forfremmelse.Hydrate forfremmelse indebærer produktion af hydrat ved lavere tryk (og dermed lavere supplerende driftsomkostninger) ved brug af specielle kemikalier (promotore). I første omgang har et omfattende litteraturstudie vist at både eksperimentelle d...

Insulin resistance and serum levels of interleukin-17 and interleukin-18 in normal pregnancy.

Science.gov (United States)

Jahromi, Abdolreza Sotoodeh; Shojaei, Mohammad; Ghobadifar, Mohamed Amin

2014-06-01

We performed this study to evaluate the role of Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and Interleukin-18 (IL-18) in insulin resistance during normal pregnancy. This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out on 97 healthy pregnant women including 32, 25, and 40 individuals in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively, and on 28 healthy non pregnant women between the autumn of 2012 and the spring of 2013. We analyzed the serum concentrations of IL-17 and IL-18 by using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Insulin resistance was measured by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance equation. No significant differences between the demographic data of the pregnant and non pregnant groups were observed. Insulin resistant in pregnant women was significantly higher than the controls (p=0.006). Serum IL-17 concentration was significantly different in non pregnant women and pregnant women in all gestational ages (ppregnant women (pinsulin resistance (r=0.08, p=0.34 vs. r=0.01, p=0.91, respectively). Our data suggested that IL-17 and IL-18 do not appear to attribute greatly to pregnancy deduced insulin resistance during normal pregnancy.

Omotayo et al (4)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

DELL

using biochemical technique and API 20E identification system. The isolates were .... sulphate, phosphate, ammonia and appearance. Heavy metals ... technique as described by Collee et al. (1989) was ..... enzymatic methods. Water Res. 36,.

Signaling pathways of interleukin-1 actions in the brain: anatomical distribution of phospho-ERK1/2 in the brain of rat treated systemically with interleukin-1beta.

Science.gov (United States)

Nadjar, A; Combe, C; Busquet, P; Dantzer, R; Parnet, P

2005-01-01

Interleukin-1beta is released at the periphery during infection and acts on the nervous system to induce fever, neuroendocrine activation, and behavioral changes. These effects are mediated by brain type I IL-1 receptors. In vitro studies have shown the ability of interleukin-1beta to activate mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways including p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2). In contrast to other mitogen-activated protein kinases, little is known about ERK1/2 activation in the rat brain in response to interleukin-1beta. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate spatial and temporal activation of ERK1/2 in the rat brain after peripheral administration of interleukin-1beta using immunohistochemistry to detect the phosphorylated form of the kinase. In non-stimulated conditions, phosphorylated ERK1/2 immunoreactivity was observed in neurons throughout the brain. Administration of interleukin-1beta (60 microg/kg, i.p.) induced the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in areas at the interface between brain and blood or cerebrospinal fluid: meninges, circumventricular organs, endothelial like cells of the blood vessels, and in brain nuclei involved in behavioral depression, fever and neuroendocrine activation: paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, supraoptic nucleus, central amygdala and arcuate nucleus. Double labeling of phosphorylated ERK1/2 and cell markers revealed the expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in neurons, astrocytes and microglia. Since phosphorylated ERK1/2 was found in structures in which type I IL-1 receptor has already been identified as well as in structures lacking this receptor, activation of ERK1/2 is likely to occur in response to both direct and indirect action of interleukin-1beta on its target cells.

Celecoxib offsets the negative renal influences of cyclosporine via modulation of the TGF-β1/IL-2/COX-2/endothelin ET(B) receptor cascade.

Science.gov (United States)

El-Gowelli, Hanan M; Helmy, Maged W; Ali, Rabab M; El-Mas, Mahmoud M

2014-03-01

Endothelin (ET) signaling provokes nephrotoxicity induced by the immunosuppressant drug cyclosporine A (CSA). We tested the hypotheses that (i): celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, counterbalances renal derangements caused by CSA in rats and (ii) the COX-2/endothelin ET(B) receptor signaling mediates the CSA-celecoxib interaction. Ten-day treatment with CSA (20 mg/kg/day) significantly increased biochemical indices of renal function (serum urea, creatinine), inflammation (interleukin-2, IL-2) and fibrosis (transforming growth factor-β₁, TGF-β₁). Histologically, CSA caused renal tubular atrophy along with interstitial fibrosis. These detrimental renal effects of CSA were largely reduced in rats treated concurrently with celecoxib (10 mg/kg/day). We also report that cortical glomerular and medullary tubular protein expressions of COX-2 and ET(B) receptors were reduced by CSA and restored to near-control values in rats treated simultaneously with celecoxib. The importance of ET(B) receptors in renal control and in the CSA-celecoxib interaction was further verified by the findings (i) most of the adverse biochemical, inflammatory, and histopathological profiles of CSA were replicated in rats treated with the endothelin ETB receptor antagonist BQ788 (0.1 mg/kg/day, 10 days), and (ii) the BQ788 effects, like those of CSA, were alleviated in rats treated concurrently with celecoxib. Together, the data suggest that the facilitation of the interplay between the TGF-β1/IL-2/COX-2 pathway and the endothelin ET(B) receptors constitutes the cellular mechanism by which celecoxib ameliorates the nephrotoxic manifestations of CSA in rats. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Association of Gene Polymorphisms in Interleukin 6 in Infantile Bronchial Asthma.

Science.gov (United States)

Babusikova, Eva; Jurecekova, Jana; Jesenak, Milos; Evinova, Andrea

2017-07-01

The genetic background of bronchial asthma is complex, and it is likely that multiple genes contribute to its development both directly and through gene-gene interactions. Cytokines contribute to different aspects of asthma, as they determine the type, severity and outcomes of asthma pathogenesis. Allergic asthmatics undergoing an asthmatic attack exhibit significantly higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukins and chemokines. In recent years, cytokines and their receptors have been shown to be highly polymorphic, and this prompted us to investigate interleukin 6 promoter polymorphisms at position -174G/C (rs1800795) and at -572G/C (rs1800796) in relation to asthma in children. Interleukin 6 promoter polymorphisms were analyzed in bronchial asthma patients and healthy children using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. We observed a significant association between polymorphism at -174G/C and bronchial asthma (OR=3.4, 95% CI: 2.045-5.638, P<.001). Higher associations between polymorphism at IL-6 -174G/C and bronchial asthma were observed in atopic patients (OR=4.1, 95% CI: 2.308-7.280, P<8.10 -7 ). Interleukin 6 polymorphism is associated with bronchial asthma, particularly its atopic phenotype. Expression and secretion of interleukins in asthmatic patients may be affected by genetic polymorphisms, and could have a disease-modifying effect in the asthmatic airway and modify the therapeutic response. Copyright © 2016 SEPAR. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Progress of interleukin-24 study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liu Yongzhe; Jin Shunzi

2007-01-01

Interteukin-24 (11-24)is a member of interleukin-10 family. Besides its character as a cytokine, IL-24 could induce apoptosis of different kinds of tumor cells without any harmful effects to normal cells. IL-24 could both promote bystander anti-tumor effect, inhibit tumor growth and angiogenesis in animal models. It also has effects of radiosensitization and immunoregulation. (authors)

New Role for Interleukin-13 Receptor α1 in Myocardial Homeostasis and Heart Failure.

Science.gov (United States)

Amit, Uri; Kain, David; Wagner, Allon; Sahu, Avinash; Nevo-Caspi, Yael; Gonen, Nir; Molotski, Natali; Konfino, Tal; Landa, Natalie; Naftali-Shani, Nili; Blum, Galia; Merquiol, Emmanuelle; Karo-Atar, Danielle; Kanfi, Yariv; Paret, Gidi; Munitz, Ariel; Cohen, Haim Y; Ruppin, Eytan; Hannenhalli, Sridhar; Leor, Jonathan

2017-05-20

The immune system plays a pivotal role in myocardial homeostasis and response to injury. Interleukins-4 and -13 are anti-inflammatory type-2 cytokines, signaling via the common interleukin-13 receptor α1 chain and the type-2 interleukin-4 receptor. The role of interleukin-13 receptor α1 in the heart is unknown. We analyzed myocardial samples from human donors (n=136) and patients with end-stage heart failure (n=177). We found that the interleukin-13 receptor α1 is present in the myocardium and, together with the complementary type-2 interleukin-4 receptor chain Il4ra , is significantly downregulated in the hearts of patients with heart failure. Next, we showed that Il13ra1 -deficient mice develop severe myocardial dysfunction and dyssynchrony compared to wild-type mice (left ventricular ejection fraction 29.7±9.9 versus 45.0±8.0; P =0.004, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter 4.2±0.2 versus 3.92±0.3; P =0.03). A bioinformatic analysis of mouse hearts indicated that interleukin-13 receptor α1 regulates critical pathways in the heart other than the immune system, such as extracellular matrix (normalized enrichment score=1.90; false discovery rate q=0.005) and glucose metabolism (normalized enrichment score=-2.36; false discovery rate q=0). Deficiency of Il13ra1 was associated with reduced collagen deposition under normal and pressure-overload conditions. The results of our studies in humans and mice indicate, for the first time, a role of interleukin-13 receptor α1 in myocardial homeostasis and heart failure and suggests a new therapeutic target to treat heart disease. © 2017 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley.

Associations between interleukin and interleukin receptor gene polymorphisms and risk of gout

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Shiguo; Zhou, Zheng; Wang, Can; Guo, Mingzhen; Chu, Nan; Li, Changgui

2015-01-01

Gout is a self-limiting, auto-inflammatory arthritis induced by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the synovial fluid and periarticular tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between genetic variants in the interleukin (IL) and interleukin receptor (ILR) genes IL-33, IL-1RL1, IL-23R, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) and susceptibility to gout in Chinese Han male individuals. The genetic distributions of rs3939286 in IL-33, rs13015714 in IL-1RL1, rs10889677 in IL-23R, and rs7574865 in STAT4 were detected in 1100 men with gout and 1227 ethnically matched controls, using Taqman allelic discrimination real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Differences in these polymorphisms between the groups were investigated using χ2 tests. The genotype-phenotype relationship among gout patients was tested by analysis of variance. There was a significant difference in genotypic frequencies of IL-23R rs10889677 between gout patients and controls (χ2 = 81.386, P < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in distributions of the other polymorphisms between the groups. Our results revealed that the rs10889677 variant in IL-23R may be involved in the development of gout in Chinese Han male individuals. However, further studies in other ethnic groups are needed to confirm these results. PMID:26399911

Relationship Between Expression of Interleukin-5 and Interleukin-13 by Epithelial Cells and Bronchiolar Changes in Pigs Infected with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.

Science.gov (United States)

Rodríguez, F; Batista, M; Hernández, J N; Afonso, A M; Poveda, J B

2016-01-01

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mh) is a bacterium that specifically infects the surface of bronchi and bronchioles of pigs without invading the host cells, and it is considered to be the primary agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia (PEN). The present study investigates the morphological and immunohistological changes induced in bronchiolar epithelium by Mh infection. Lungs from 20 pigs with naturally occurring Mh pneumonia were compared with those from 10 uninfected controls. Bronchiolar epithelial height, inflammatory infiltration, hyperplasia of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) and mucin subtype MUC5AC-producing cells significantly increased in all infected animals. Mh antigen was detected in association with the cilia of the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium. Interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13 were expressed consistently by epithelial and mononuclear cells of the airways of infected animals. The expression of these cytokines in the bronchial and bronchiolar tissues is related to the histological changes of PEN. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

BASIC

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Pelle Guldborg; Schmidt, Karsten

2017-01-01

De sidste 10 år har vi været vidner til opkomsten af et nyt evidensbaseret policy paradigme, Behavioural Public Policy (BPP), der søger at integrere teoretiske og metodiske indsigter fra adfærdsvidenskaberne i offentlig politikudvikling. Arbejdet med BPP har dog båret præg af, at være usystematisk...... BPP. Tilgangen består dels af den overordnede proces-model BASIC og dels af et iboende framework, ABCD, der er en model for systematisk adfærdsanalyse, udvikling, test og implementering af adfærdsrettede løsningskoncepter. Den samlede model gør det muligt for forskere såvel som offentligt ansatte...

Meddelelser 2

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jacobsen, Moust; Jørgensen, Mogens B.; Lund, Willy

Meddelelser udsendes med det formål at orientere om de aktiviteter, der foregår ved Aalborg Universitetscenters funderingslaboratorium. Det første nummer udsendtes i 1980, men det er stadig vort håb, at der set over en længere årrrække vil blive udsendt et nyt nummer hvert år. Nærværerende »Medde...... »Meddelelser 2« indeholder 2 undersøgelser, som Laboratoriet for Fundering har udført for Aalborg kommune i samarbejde med Geodan....

Interleukin-2 baseret immunterapi af kraeftsygdomme

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Geertsen, P F; Hermann, Helle Graun; Claesson, Mogens Helweg

1990-01-01

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is produced by activated T-helper lymphocytes and stimulates both the antigen-specific and the non-specific immune defence. In vitro, IL-2 activated peripheral blood lymphocytes (LAK-cells) can lyse a broad spectrum of both NK-sensitive and NK-resistant tumour cell lines and IL...

Interleukin-6 in cerebrospinal fluid as a biomarker of acute meningitis.

Science.gov (United States)

García-Hernández, Pablo; Prieto, Belén; Martínez-Morillo, Eduardo; Rodríguez, Verónica; Álvarez, Francisco V

2016-01-01

Microbiological culture of cerebrospinal fluid is the gold standard to differentiate between aseptic and bacterial meningitis, but this method has low sensitivity. A fast and reliable new marker would be of interest in clinical practice. Interleukin-6, secreted by T cells in response to meningeal pathogens and quickly delivered into cerebrospinal fluid, was evaluated as a marker of acute meningitis. A total of 150 cerebrospinal fluid samples were analysed by an electrochemiluminescence method, selected according to patient diagnosis: (a) bacterial meningitis confirmed by positive culture (n = 26); (b) bacterial meningitis with negative culture or not performed (n = 15); (c) viral meningitis confirmed by polymerase chain reaction or immunoglobulin G determination (n = 23); (d) viral meningitis with polymerase chain reaction negative or not performed (n = 42); and (e) controls (n = 44). Cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-6 concentration showed significant differences between all pathologic groups and the control group (P meningitis, interleukin-6 showed an area under the curve of 0.937 (95% confidence intervals: 0.895-0.978), significantly higher than those of classical biomarkers. An interleukin-6 cutoff of 1418 pg/mL showed 95.5% sensitivity and 77.5% specificity, whereas a value of 15,060 pg/mL showed 63.6% sensitivity and 96.7% specificity, for diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Interleukin-6 measured by electrochemiluminescence method is a promising marker for early differentiation between aseptic and bacterial meningitis. More studies are needed to validate clinical implications for future practice in an emergency laboratory. © The Author(s) 2015.

Kongernes Jelling

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Høyer, Steen

2001-01-01

Nyt udstillingsbyggeri opført vest for kirken i Jelling. Anlægget rummet udover udstillingslokaler kontorer, bibliotek, multimediesal og cafe.......Nyt udstillingsbyggeri opført vest for kirken i Jelling. Anlægget rummet udover udstillingslokaler kontorer, bibliotek, multimediesal og cafe....

Thyrocyte-interleukin-1 interactions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rasmussen, A K; Bendtzen, K; Feldt-Rasmussen, U

2000-01-01

Autoimmune thyroid disease is the most common organ-specific autoimmune disease and is a very common cause of thyroid dysfunction such as autoimmune hypothyroidism, Graves' disease and postpartum thyroiditis. The thyroid gland from patients with autoimmune thyroid disease is morphologically...... characterized by massive infiltration of lymphoid cells. The interleukin-1 (IL-1) family of molecules is together with other cytokines an integral component of the complex intercellular communication required to mount and control an immune response. IL-1alpha/beta in moderate and high concentrations reversibly...

Randomized clinical trial of human interleukin-11 in dengue fever-associated thrombocytopenia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suliman, M.I.; Qayum, I.

2014-01-01

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of recombinant human (rh) IL-11 to increase platelets count in patients suffering from Dengue fever (DF). Study Design: Randomized double blind placebo control study. Place and Duration of Study: Farooq Hospital, Lahore, from July to October 2011. Methodology: Forty hospitalized patients suffering from Dengue fever having platelets count A 30000 per micro liter were randomly categorized into two groups, rhIL-11 (test) and distilled water (placebo) groups. The efficacy outcomes (as indicated by step up in platelets count at 48 hours) for the treatment group were compared with the outcomes for the placebo group. Results: The data revealed that the increase in platelet response with recombinant human interleukin 11, 1.5 mg subcutaneously is significantly more brisk than the placebo group. The platelets response in patients with severe thrombocytopenia was greater in the treatment group (50%) at 48 hours as compared to the placebo group (20%) (p=0.047). Response rate was slightly greater among males (6/10, 60%) than females (8/16, 50%); moreover, three-fourth (75%) female responders were in the placebo group, compared to half (50%) male responders in the treatment group. Conclusion: Results of the study suggest that treatment of severe thrombocytopenia accompanying DF with recombinant human interleukin 11 may be a useful therapeutic option. (author)

Biological treatments in Behçet's disease: beyond anti-TNF therapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Caso, Francesco; Costa, Luisa; Rigante, Donato; Lucherini, Orso Maria; Caso, Paolo; Bascherini, Vittoria; Frediani, Bruno; Cimaz, Rolando; Marrani, Edoardo; Nieves-Martín, Laura; Atteno, Mariangela; Raffaele, Carmela G L; Tarantino, Giusyda; Galeazzi, Mauro; Punzi, Leonardo; Cantarini, Luca

2014-01-01

Behçet's disease (BD) is universally recognized as a multisystemic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology with chronic course and unpredictable exacerbations: its clinical spectrum varies from pure vasculitic manifestations with thrombotic complications to protean inflammatory involvement of multiple organs and tissues. Treatment has been revolutionized by the progressed knowledge in the pathogenetic mechanisms of BD, involving dysfunction and oversecretion of multiple proinflammatory molecules, chiefly tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, and IL-6. However, although biological treatment with anti-TNF-α agents has been largely demonstrated to be effective in BD, not all patients are definite responders, and this beneficial response might drop off over time. Therefore, additional therapies for a subset of refractory patients with BD are inevitably needed. Different agents targeting various cytokines and their receptors or cell surface molecules have been studied: the IL-1 receptor has been targeted by anakinra, the IL-1 by canakinumab and gevokizumab, the IL-6 receptor by tocilizumab, the IL12/23 receptor by ustekinumab, and the B-lymphocyte antigen CD-20 by rituximab. The aim of this review is to summarize all current experiences and the most recent evidence regarding these novel approaches with biological drugs other than TNF-α blockers in BD, providing a valuable addition to the actually available therapeutic armamentarium.

Dynamique de la nappe et qualites physico-chimiques des eaux ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

resultat est conforme a celui des cartes piezo- metriques elaborees en 1993 et 2007 [19,20]; done la nappe suit le modele topographique et le lac constitue une zone de convergence des eaux. ©UBMA-2013. 88. F. Zahi et al. L' examen des cartes piezometriques montrent que les parties Sud et Sud-Est du lac Fetzara se.

Triggered Urine Interleukin-6 Correlates to Severity of Symptoms in Nonfebrile Lower Urinary Tract Infections.

Science.gov (United States)

Sundén, Fredrik; Butler, Daniel; Wullt, Björn

2017-07-01

Objective diagnosis of symptomatic urinary tract infections in patients prone to asymptomatic bacteriuria is compromised by local host responses that are already present and the positive urine culture. We investigated interleukin-6 as a biomarker for nonfebrile urinary tract infection severity and diagnostic thresholds for interleukin-6 and 8, and neutrophils to differentiate between asymptomatic bacteriuria and urinary tract infection. Patients with residual urine and neurogenic bladders due to spinal lesions included in a long-term Escherichia coli 83972 asymptomatic bacteriuria inoculation trial were monitored for 2 years. Symptom scoring and urine sampling to estimate interleukin-6 and 8, and neutrophils were performed regularly monthly and at urinary tract infection episodes. Patients were followed in the complete study for a mean of 19 months (range 10 to 27) and those with asymptomatic bacteriuria with E. coli 83972 were followed a mean of 11 months (range 4 to 19). A total of 37 nonfebrile urinary tract infection episodes with complete data on interleukin-6 and 8, neutrophils and symptom scoring were documented. Interleukin-6 was the only marker that persistently increased during urinary tract infection compared to asymptomatic bacteriuria in pooled and paired intra-individual comparisons (p urinary tract infection symptoms (p urinary tract infection episodes. However, in urinary tract infections with worse symptoms interleukin-6 and neutrophils demonstrated equal good/excellent outcomes. Triggered interleukin-6 correlated to urinary tract infection symptom severity and demonstrated a promising differential diagnostic capacity to discriminate urinary tract infection from asymptomatic bacteriuria. Future studies should explore interleukin-6 as a biomarker of urinary tract infection severity and assess the treatment indication in nonfebrile urinary tract infections. Copyright © 2017 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by

Interleukin 20 regulates dendritic cell migration and expression of co-stimulatory molecules

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bech, Rikke; Jalilian, Babak; Agger, Ralf

2016-01-01

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is an inflammatory disease characterized by leukocyte skin infiltration. Interestingly, recent works suggest that the migration of dendritic cells (DCs) is abnormal in psoriatic skin. DCs have significant role in regulating the function of T lymphocytes, at least in part...... influenced by the local environment of cytokines. In psoriatic skin lesions the expression of IL-20 is highly up-regulated. It is unclear if this cytokine has any influence on DCs. METHODS: Here, we investigated the influence of IL-20 in monocyte-derived dendritic cell (MDDCs) in vitro. This work addressed...

Review of ustekinumab, an interleukin-12 and interleukin-23 inhibitor used for the treatment of plaque psoriasis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nora Koutruba

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Nora Koutruba, Jason Emer, Mark LebwohlMount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USAAbstract: The pathogenesis of psoriasis is unknown, although it is generally accepted that this chronic inflammatory skin disorder is a complex autoimmune condition similar to other T-cell mediated disorders. Psoriasis imposes a heavy burden on the lifestyle of those affected due to the psychological, arthritic, and cutaneous morbidities; thus significant research has focused on the genetic and immunologic features of psoriasis in anticipation of more targeted, efficacious, and safe therapies. Recently, CD4+ T helper (Th 17 cells and interleukins (IL-12 and -23 have been important in the pathogenesis of T-cell mediated disorders such as psoriasis and has influenced the development of medications that specifically target these key immunological players. Ustekinumab is a monoclonal antibody belonging to a newly developed class of biological, anti-cytokine medications that notably targets the p40 subunit of both IL-12 and -23, both naturally occurring proteins that are important in regulating the immune system and are understood to play a role in immune-mediated inflammatory disorders. Ustekinumab’s safety and efficacy has been evaluated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in 3 phase III clinical trials, 2 placebo-controlled (PHOENIX 1 and 2, and 1 comparator-controlled (ACCEPT study which proved advantageous in patients who were treatment-naive, previously failed other immunosuppressive medications including cyclosporine or methotrexate, were unresponsive to phototherapy, or were unable to use or tolerate other therapies. Ustekinumab has also been investigated for other indications such as psoriatic arthritis, Crohn’s disease, and relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis. We present a concise review evaluating the evidence that supports the use of ustekinumab in the treatment of plaque psoriasis and other conditions.Keywords: ustekinumab

Human Interleukine-1 receptor antagonist:Cloning, Expression and Optimization in E.coli Host

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gh. Barati

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Introduction & Objective: Interleukine-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA is a powerful anti-inflammatory cytokine which limits the biological effects of IL-1. Due to structural similarity between IL-1 and its antagonist, IL-1RA competitively binds to IL-1 receptor which leads to no signal transduction. Therefore , it is applied in the treatment of patients with inflammatory diseases such as Rheumatoid Arthritis. The aim of this study is cloning, expression and op-timization of IL-1RA in E. coli. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study synthetically prepared cDNA was amplified by PCR. After double digestion with NdeI and XhoI restriction enzymes, this gene was cloned in pET28a expression vector. Expression of desired gene was analyzed at RNA level by RT-PCR and at protein level by SDS-PAGE and followed by western blot to confirm SDS-PAGE results. Optimization of recombinant protein expression was performed in dif-ferent IPTG concentrations and harvesting times after induction. Results: The presence of gene in pET28a was determined by colony-PCR and confirmed by restriction digestion. Transcription of cloned gene and expression of high yield recombinant protein were shown by RT-PCR and SDS-PAGE, respectively. The result of SDS-PAGE was confirmed by western blot. Expression was optimized in different induction time and IPTG concentrations Conclusion: The result of this study demonstrated expression of this recombinant protein at high level in E.coli system by pET28a expression vector. This study also showed a direct as-sociation between the increased level of expression and time of induction . Therefore, an overnight induction time with 0.1 mM IPTG concentration is recommended for a high level expression. (Sci J Hamadan Univ Med Sci 2014; 21 (2:145-151

Combined therapy of interleukin-12 and interleukin-18 against cryptococcus neoformans infection in a murine model

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

无

2003-01-01

Objective To explore adverse effects of combined treatment of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) against cryptococcosis in a murine model.Methods Infected mice were treated with a combination of IL-12 and IL-18. Their body weight and intake of water and food were observed and recorded. Serum levels of leptin were detected with an enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA).Results In the combined treatment group, the intake volume of water and food were reduced, leading to weight loss and undetectable levels of leptin in the serum. These adverse effects were more profound in mice that had received higher doses of cytokines, which sometimes led to a fatal outcome. There was a significant difference compared with the control group. Neutralization of endogenous tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by its specific mAb did not alter the wasting effect of this treatment.Conclusions The combined IL-12/IL-18 treatment may cause a number of adverse effects independent of TNF-α and leptin synthesis. Further investigations for resolving these adverse effects are required before clinical application of these cytokines.

Akutsygeplejen i spændingsfeltet mellem læring og organisationsforandring.

OpenAIRE

Pallesen, Stine Lovise; Stangerup, Pia

2016-01-01

Formålet med denne opgave er, at kigge på om organisationsforandringer i sundhedssektoren, har betydning for læring og den gode sygepleje i akutafdelingerne.Der har de sidste 10 år været stor udvikling og effektivisering af sundhedsvæsenet, og seneste tiltag i 2015 på akutafdelingerne i Region Sjælland, er et samarbejde med Beth Israel Medical Hospital i Boston, hvor akutsygeplejerskerne i akutafdelingerne i Region Sjælland, skal certificeres som noget helt nyt. Denne opgave bygger på fokusgr...

Lean versus Quick Response Manufacturing og andre koncepter - er Lean den eneste ene?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Michelsen, Aage U

2005-01-01

Begrebet Lean har gennem de senere år vundet en enorm udbredelse. Antallet af publikationer om Lean har været eksplosivt stigende, og mange virksomheder har gennemført eller gennemfører Lean-projekter. Er Lean et nyt koncept? Er Lean den eneste løsning? Kan Lean kombineres med tankegange og princ...... løsning af en anden produktionsopgave. I fjerde afsnit skitseres kort relationerne mellem Lean og to andre begreber, Six Sigma og TPM, der begge har samme mål som Lean, men forskellige udgangspunkter og forskellige indfaldsvinkler....

Intra-peritoneal administration of interleukin-1 beta induces impaired insulin release from the perfused rat pancreas

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wogensen, L; Helqvist, S; Pociot, F

1990-01-01

Previous studies have demonstrated a stimulatory effect of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) on insulin and glucagon release from the perfused rat pancreas, accompanied by selective lysis of 20% of beta-cells as assessed by electronmicroscopy. However, we have not observed an inhibitory action of IL-1...... beta on insulin release from the perfused pancreas as shown for isolated islets. To test whether periodical exposure of the endocrine pancreas to circulating IL-1 beta in vivo affects insulin release from the intact perfused pancreas, rats were treated with daily intraperitoneal injections of 4...

Interleukin-2 based immunotherapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Donskov, Frede

2007-01-01

The present thesis consists of 8 published articles focusing on interleukin-2 based immunotherapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). This disease represents a significant challenge, as the tumor is resistant to current chemotherapy, hormonal therapy and radiation therapy. However, IL-2...... based immunotherapy may induce dramatic durable tumor regression by manipulating the immune system, however, only in a minority of patients. Two critical questions have driven the present thesis. First, which properties of the immune system are responsible for the dramatic tumor regression seen in some...... patients with mRCC following IL-2 administration? And second, can histamine increase the efficacy of IL-2 based immunotherapy by ending the immune suppression induced by phagocyte-generation of reactive oxygen species? 120 Danish patients, 41 UK patients and 20 Swedish patients were treated with low...

Renal haemodynamics, sodium and water reabsorption during continuous intravenous infusion of recombinant interleukin-2

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Geertsen, P F; von der Maase, H; Olsen, Niels Vidiendal

1998-01-01

1. Renal haemodynamics, lithium and sodium clearance were measured in 14 patients treated with recombinant interleukin-2 for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. 2. Patients were studied before and after 72 h of continuous intravenous infusion of recombinant interleukin-2 (18x10(6) i.u..24 h-1.m-2) a...... effect. Changes in renal prostaglandin synthesis may contribute to the decrease in renal blood flow. The lithium clearance data suggest that an increased proximal tubular reabsorption rate may contribute to the decreased sodium clearance during recombinant interleukin-2 treatment....

Repetitive in vivo treatment with human recombinant interleukin-1 beta modifies beta-cell function in normal rats

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wogensen, L D; Reimers, J; Nerup, J

1992-01-01

It is unknown whether interleukin-1 exerts a bimodal effect on Beta-cell function in vivo, and whether interleukin-1 has a diabetogenic action in normal animals. We therefore studied: (a) acute effects 2 h after an intraperitoneal bolus injection of 4 micrograms of recombinant human interleukin-1...

Santé sexuelle et reproductive des adolescentes de Bobo Dioulasso ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Introduction: Les adolescentes sont très vulnérables face aux Infections Sexuellement Transmissibles (IST) et au VIH/SIDA. Notre étude a pour objectifs ... Vingt (20) adolescentes scolarisées ont été tirés au sort dans trois établissements secondaires et 20 autres non scolarisées choisies de façon accidentelle dans la ville.

Interleukin-23 in early disease development in rheumatoid arthritis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Thomas; Hvid, M; Johansen, C

2015-01-01

randomized to methotrexate (MTX) plus adalimumab (ADA; n = 75) or MTX plus placebo-ADA (PLA; n = 76). Plasma samples were obtained at baseline and at months 3, 6, and 12 together with values for C-reactive protein (CRP), the 28-joint Disease Activity Score based on CRP (DAS28CRP), scores on the Clinical......OBJECTIVES: To investigate the levels of interleukin (IL)-23 in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (eRA) and the effect of anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF)-α treatment on IL-23 levels. METHOD: Treatment-naïve eRA patients from the OPERA cohort were included (n = 151). Patients were...... Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and the Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI), visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain/fatigue/physician global and total Sharp/van der Heijde score (TSS). IL-23 was measured at each time point. RESULTS: IL-23 levels decreased significantly in the ADA group from 20.6 pg...

Penurunan Kadar Interleukin-18 Cairan Peritoneal

OpenAIRE

Astuti, Yoni

2004-01-01

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi interleukin- 15 (IL-18) pada cairan peritoneal dan serum penderita endometriosis yang -bandingkan dengan kelompok control( tidak menderita endometriosis). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kajian analitik prospektif. Subyek yang terlibat sebanyak 44 penderita yang melakukan bedah laparoscopic pada penyakit ginekologi ringan. Pengambilan cairan peritoneal dan serum sebagai specimen ulakukan sebelum dan sesudah tindakan b...

Pilot scale electron bombardment furnace for continuous casting; application to the trial preparation of 20 kg of uranium monocarbide rods; Appareil pilote de fusion par bombardement d'electrons et coulee continue - application a un essai de fabrication portant sur 20 kg de barreaux de monocarbure d'uranium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Trouve, J; Genard, R; Treillou, A; Accary, A [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1964-07-01

The authors describe a pilot scale electron beam furnace designed for continuous melting and casting of uranium-carbon alloys. This equipment allows the melting and casting processes to be completely automatically controlled, the cooling being carried out under vacuum and the discharge being effected without breaking the vacuum. In a pre-production run of 20 kg of slugs, the composition of practically all the pieces was controlled within {+-} 0,1 per cent C. The output of the furnace was 2,2 kg/hour. (authors) [French] Les auteurs decrivent un appareil pilote de fusion par bombardement d'electrons et coulee continue. Cet appareil, muni d'un systeme de coulee automatique, permet la fusion et la coulee d'alliages uranium-carbone, leur refroidissement sous vide et leur defournement, toutes ces operations se deroulant d'une maniere continue. Ils montrent qu'au cours d'une campagne preliminaire de fusion et coulee de 20 kg de barreaux, la teneur en carbone de la quasi-totalite des barreaux obtenus est controlee a 0,1 pour cent pres. La production horaire de l'appareillage est de 2,2 kg. (auteurs)

Interleukin-6 myokine signaling in skeletal muscle

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Muñoz-Cánoves, Pura; Scheele, Camilla; Pedersen, Bente K

2013-01-01

Interleukin (IL)-6 is a cytokine with pleiotropic functions in different tissues and organs. Skeletal muscle produces and releases significant levels of IL-6 after prolonged exercise and is therefore considered as a myokine. Muscle is also an important target of the cytokine. IL-6 signaling has b...

Peripheral blood corticotropin-releasing factor, adrenocorticotropic hormone and cytokine (Interleukin Beta, Interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha) levels after high- and low-dose total-body irradiation in humans

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Girinsky, T.A.; Pallardy, M.; Comoy, E.; Benassi, T.; Roger, R.; Ganem, G.; Socie, G.; Cossett, J.M.; Magdelenat, H.

1994-01-01

Total-body irradiation (TBI) induces an increase in levels of granulocytes and cortisol in blood. To explore the underlying mechanisms, we studied 26 patients who had TBI prior to bone marrow transplantation. Our findings suggest that only a high dose of TBI (10 Gy) was capable of activating the hypothalamopituitary area since corticotropin-releasing factor and blood adrenocorticotropic hormone levels increased at the end of the TBI. There was a concomitant increase in the levels of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor in blood, suggesting that these cytokines might activate the hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal axis. Interleukin 1 was not detected. Since vascular injury is a common after radiation treatment, it is possible that interleukin 6 was secreted by endothelial cells. The exact mechanisms of the production of cyctokines induced by ionizing radiation remain to be determined. 25 refs., 1 fig

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Interleukin-19 in Vascular Disease

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ross N. England

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Despite aggressive dietary modification, lipid-lowering medications, and other interventional medical therapy, vascular disease continues to be a leading cause of mortality in the western world. It is a significant medical and socioeconomic problem contributing to mortality of multiple diseases including myocardial infarction, stroke, renal failure, and peripheral vascular disease. Morbidity and mortality of vascular disease are expected to worsen with the increasing number of patients with comorbid conditions such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus type 2. Vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, restenosis, and allograft vasculopathy are recognized to be driven by inflammation, and as such, cytokines which mediate inflammation not only represent important targets of rational therapy, but also can be considered as possible therapeutic modalities themselves. In this paper, we will examine the role of inflammatory cytokines and lymphocyte Th1/Th2 polarity in vascular inflammation, with a focus on atherosclerotic vascular disease. We will then introduce a recently described Th2 interleukin, interleukin-19 (IL-19, as a previously unrecognized mediator of vascular inflammatory disorders. We will review our current understanding of this interleukin in health and disease and present the possibility that IL-19 could represent a potential therapeutic to combat vascular inflammatory disease.

Spøgelseshistorier 2.0

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Kim Toft

2012-01-01

Jeg læser Arne Dahls miniroman Ghost House 2.0 som et eftertrykkeligt udråbstegn, der understreger den holdning til metafysik, som Arne Dahls bøger om A-gruppen signalerer. Den samlede krimiserie inddrager gennemgående en diskussion af metafysiske rammer, men viser samtidig en refleksiv distance...... inddrager den her alligevel, fordi den er en tyk streg under den holdning til metafysik, som Dahls krimiserie udviser....... dertil. Det er denne lokkelse såvel som distance, Dahl arbejder med i Ghost House 2.0. Ydermere bruger Arne Dahl i dette tilfælde metafiktionen som et kritisk element, hvilket skaber et særligt forhold mellem metafysik og metafiktion. Fortællingen handler i dette tilfælde dog ikke om A-gruppen. Jeg...

Nyhedsbrev for KoBra no 6

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mygind, Ole

2012-01-01

Indholdsfortegnelse Fra vores egen verden • Nyt fokus og nyt navn til videncenteret? • Ny videncenterleder • Nye ansatte i videncenteret • Britta Kusk Nørgaard goes Ph.d • Formidling i nyhedsbrevet • Udvikling af tværprofessionelle kompetencer • Hvordan kan man som bachelorstuderende være med til...

Bag om Måltidsmærket: Udvikling og afprøvning af mærkets principper for sund kantinemad

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lassen, Anne Dahl; Christensen, Lene Møller; Trolle, Ellen

2017-01-01

Måltidsmærket er et nyt offentligt mærke, der omsætter de officielle kostråd til en række principper for servering af sund mad i professionelle køkkener. Mærket sætter derved fokus på den ernæringsmæssige kvalitet af den mad, vi spiser, når vi er på arbejde eller i skole. Denne artikel giver et...... indblik i baggrunden for lanceringen af mærket, og hvordan det er udviklet. Den beskriver også resultaterne fra en afprøvning blandt ni kantiner – heraf syv arbejdspladskantiner og to kantiner på ungdomsuddannelser – hvor udbuddet er sammenholdt dels med Måltidsmærkets principper, dels med analyser af den...

Serious Games

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christensen, Jens

Serious Games er et nyt it-forretningsområde, der siden årtusindskiftet er vokset frem, først i USA og dernæst i Vesteuropa og and i-lande. Til forskel fra computerspil er serious games ikke underholdning, men tænkt som et værktøj til støtte for statens og erhvervslivets forskellige funktioner. Det...... amerikanske militær har været fødselshjælper for den nye teknologi. Herfra har serious games bredt sig til andre sektorer og og i-lande, inkl. Danmark. Bogen skildrer, hvordan det nye forretningsområde er i færd med at blive udkrystalliseret af en række beslægtede industrigrene, og hvordan udviklingen er...

Serum Interleukin-6 in Patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome and Relationship with Depression and Perceived Pain

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Qianming; Xia, Juan; Lin, Mei; Zhou, Hongmei; Li, Bingqi

2007-01-01

Objective. To examine alteration of serum interleukin-6 and its clinical significance in burning mouth syndrome (BMS) patients. Methods. 48 BMS patients and 31 healthy controls participated in the study. Serum interleukin-6 was measured by means of ELISA. Hamilton rating scale of depression (HRSD) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to quantitiate depressive status and pain levels of subjects, respectively. Results. 15 (31%) patients displayed substantial depressive symptoms (HRSD ≧ 16). HRSD scores of patients were significantly higher than controls and positively correlated to their VAS values (P = .002). Serum interleukin-6 in patients was much lower than controls and negatively correlated to their VAS values (P = .011). However, no significant relations were found between interleukin-6 and HRSD scores (P = .317). Conclusions. Serum interleukin-6 in patients with burning mouth syndrome is decreased and negatively correlated to chronic pain. Both psychological and neuropathic disorders might act as precipitating factors in BMS etiopathogenesis. PMID:17641729

Prevention of cold-associated acute inflammation in familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome by interleukin-1 receptor antagonist.

Science.gov (United States)

Hoffman, Hal M; Rosengren, Sanna; Boyle, David L; Cho, Jae Y; Nayar, Jyothi; Mueller, James L; Anderson, Justin P; Wanderer, Alan A; Firestein, Gary S

Familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome (FCAS) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterised by recurrent episodes of rash, arthralgia, and fever after cold exposure. The genetic basis of this disease has been elucidated. Cryopyrin, the protein that is altered in FCAS, is one of the adaptor proteins that activate caspase 1, resulting in release of interleukin 1. An experimental cold challenge protocol was developed to study the acute inflammatory mechanisms occurring after a general cold exposure in FCAS patients and to investigate the effects of pretreatment with an antagonist of interleukin 1 receptor (IL-1Ra). ELISA, real-time PCR, and immunohistochemistry were used to measure cytokine responses. After cold challenge, untreated patients with FCAS developed rash, fever, and arthralgias within 1-4 h. Significant increases in serum concentrations of interleukin 6 and white-blood-cell counts were seen 4-8 h after cold challenge. Serum concentrations of interleukin 1 and cytokine mRNA in peripheral-blood leucocytes were not raised, but amounts of interleukin 1 protein and mRNA were high in affected skin. IL-1Ra administered before cold challenge blocked symptoms and increases in white-blood-cell counts and serum interleukin 6. The ability of IL-1Ra to prevent the clinical features and haematological and biochemical changes in patients with FCAS indicates a central role for interleukin 1beta in this disorder. Involvement of cryopyrin in activation of caspase 1 and NF-kappaB signalling suggests that it might have a role in many chronic inflammatory diseases. These findings support a new therapy for a disorder with no previously known acceptable treatment. They also offer insights into the role of interleukin 1beta in more common inflammatory diseases.

The influence of water on the strength of Neapolitan Yellow Tuff, the most widely used building stone in Naples (Italy)

Science.gov (United States)

Heap, Michael J.; Farquharson, Jamie I.; Kushnir, Alexandra R. L.; Lavallée, Yan; Baud, Patrick; Gilg, H. Albert; Reuschlé, Thierry

2018-06-01

Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) has been used in construction in Naples (Italy) since the Greeks founded the city—then called Neapolis—in the sixth century BCE. We investigate here whether this popular building stone is weaker when saturated with water, an issue important for assessments of weathering damage and monument preservation. To this end, we performed 28 uniaxial compressive strength measurements on dry and water-saturated samples cored from a block of the lithified Upper Member of the NYT. Our experiments show that the strength of the zeolite-rich NYT is systematically reduced when saturated with water (the ratio of wet to dry strength is 0.63). Complementary experiments show that two other common Neapolitan building stones—Piperno Tuff and the grey Campanian Ignimbrite (both facies of the Campanian Ignimbrite deposit devoid of zeolites)—do not weaken when wet. From these data, and previously published data for tuffs around the globe, we conclude that the water-weakening in NYT is a consequence of the presence of abundant zeolites (the block tested herein contains 46 wt.% of zeolites). These data may help explain weathering damage in NYT building stones (due to rainfall, rising damp, and proximity to the sea or water table) and the observed link between rainfall and landslides, rock falls, and sinkhole formation in Naples, and the weathering of other buildings built from zeolite-rich tuffs worldwide.

The role of interleukin-5 (IL-5 in vivo: studies with IL-5 deficient mice

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Klaus I Matthaei

1997-12-01

Full Text Available Eosinophil recruitment is a characteristic feature of a number of pathological conditions and was the topic of the recent International Symposium on allergic inflammation, asthma, parasitic and infectious diseases (Rio de Janeiro, June 3-5, 1996. Since interleukin5 (IL5 is believed to regulate the growth, differentiation and activation of eosinophils (Coffman et al. 1989, Sanderson 1992, the role of eosinophils and IL5 are closely linked. Although IL5 specifically regulates eosinophilia in vivo and this is its most well established activity, it is becoming clear that IL5 also has other biological effects. The recent derivation of an IL5 deficient mouse (Kopf et al. 1996, provides a model for exploring not only the role of IL5 and eosinophils but also other novel activities of IL5. Of note is that although the IL5 deficient mice cannot elicit a pronounced eosinophilia in response to inflammatory stimulation following aeroallergen challenge or parasite infection they still produce basal levels of eosinophils that appear to be morphologically and functionally normal. However, the basal levels of eosinophils appear insufficient for normal host defence as IL5 deficiency has now been shown to compromise defence against several helminth infections. In addition, IL5 deficient mice appear to have functional deficiencies in B-1 B lymphocytes and in IgA production.

PERIPHERAL LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE STIMULATION INDUCES INTERLEUKIN-1-BETA MESSENGER-RNA IN RAT-BRAIN MICROGLIAL CELLS

NARCIS (Netherlands)

BUTTINI, M; BODDEKE, H

The inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 acts as an endogenous pyrogen in organisms affected by infectious diseases and has been shown to influence the activity of the central nervous system. Using in situ hybridization histochemistry, we have examined the cellular source of interleukin-1 beta in rat

DMPD: The interrelated role of fibronectin and interleukin-1 in biomaterial-modulatedmacrophage function. [Dynamic Macrophage Pathway CSML Database

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 16978691 The interrelated role of fibronectin and interleukin-1 in biomaterial-modulatedmacrophage function...(.svg) (.html) (.csml) Show The interrelated role of fibronectin and interleukin-1 in biomaterial-modulatedmacrophage function...and interleukin-1 in biomaterial-modulatedmacrophage function. Authors Schmidt DR, Kao WJ. Publication Bioma

Depletion of brain alpha-MSH alters prostaglandin and interleukin fever in rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Martin, S M; Malkinson, T J; Veale, W L; Pittman, Q J

1990-09-03

Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), a putative endogenous antipyretic agent, is synthesized largely within neurons in the arcuate nucleus. To test the hypothesis that destruction of this area would increase the febrile response, male Wistar rats, treated as neonates with intraperitoneal injections of monosodium glutamate (MSG) or saline, were given intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections of prostaglandin E1 (20 ng; 200 ng) or purified interleukin-1 (20 U) and body temperature was monitored. The fevers displayed by the MSG-treated animals were significantly greater (P less than 0.05) than those of the controls for the lower dose of PGE1 at 10-30 min and for IL-1 at 3-6 h after the injections. MSG-treated rats showed significant reduction (P less than 0.01) in alpha-MSH content of the medial basal hypothalamus and lateral septum when compared to saline controls. Body temperature response of non-febrile animals to high ambient temperature was not affected by the MSG treatment. These data support the hypothesis that alpha-MSH is an endogenous antipyretic in the rat.

Violence urbaine, déplacements, genre et liens communautaires ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

20 oct. 2017 ... Lorsque les liens communautaires mènent aux crimes violents. Exploration de la cohésion sociale et de la méfiance envers l'État à titre de facteurs incitant à la violence urbaine. five pregnant african women. Les rôles sexospécifiques et la violence dans les villes. Une croissance rapide et des identités ...

Effect of Periodontal Therapy on Crevicular Fluid Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8 Levels in Chronic Periodontitis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paschalina Goutoudi

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Purpose. The aim of this study was to analyse the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6 and interleukin-8 (IL-8 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF of patients with chronic periodontitis prior to and following surgical and/or nonsurgical periodontal therapy for a period of 32 weeks. Methods. GCF samples were obtained from 24 nondiseased and 72 diseased sites of 12 periodontal patients prior to as well as at 6, 16, and 32 weeks following non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy. IL-6 and IL-8 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA. Results. Periodontal treatment improved all clinical parameters. Both treatment modalities resulted in similar IL-6 as well as IL-8 levels. Mean IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations were significantly higher in non-diseased compared to diseased sites and increased significantly following treatment in diseased sites. Mean total amounts of IL-6 and IL-8 (TAIL-6, TAIL-8 did not differ significantly between diseased and nondiseased sites, while following therapy TAIL-8 levels decreased significantly. Conclusions. The data suggest that periodontal therapy reduced the levels of IL-8 in GCF. However, a strong relationship between IL-6, IL-8 amounts in GCF and periodontal destruction and inflammation was not found.

Interleukin-6 receptor pathways in coronary heart disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sarwar, Nadeem; Butterworth, Adam S; Freitag, Daniel F

2012-01-01

Persistent inflammation has been proposed to contribute to various stages in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Interleukin-6 receptor (IL6R) signalling propagates downstream inflammation cascades. To assess whether this pathway is causally relevant to coronary heart disease, we studied ...

Interleukin-2 therapy in patients with HIV infection

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Abrams, D.; Lévy, Y.; Losso, M. H.; Babiker, A.; Collins, G.; Cooper, D. A.; Darbyshire, J.; Emery, S.; Fox, L.; Gordin, F.; Lane, H. C.; Lundgren, J. D.; Mitsuyasu, R.; Neaton, J. D.; Phillips, A.; Routy, J. P.; Tambussi, G.; Wentworth, D.; Aagaard, B.; Aragon, E.; Arnaiz, J.; Borup, L.; Clotet, B.; Dragsted, U.; Fau, A.; Gey, D.; Grarup, J.; Hengge, U.; Herrero, P.; Jansson, P.; Jensen, B.; Jensen, K.; Juncher, H.; Lopez, P.; Lundgren, J.; Matthews, C.; Mollerup, D.; Pearson, M.; Reilev, S.; Tillmann, K.; Varea, S.; Angus, B.; Cordwell, B.; Dodds, W.; Fleck, S.; Grijsen, M.; Lange, J.; Langebeek, N.; Reiss, P.; van der Horst, C.

2009-01-01

BACKGROUND: Used in combination with antiretroviral therapy, subcutaneous recombinant interleukin-2 raises CD4+ cell counts more than does antiretroviral therapy alone. The clinical implication of these increases is not known. METHODS: We conducted two trials: the Subcutaneous Recombinant, Human

Hypoxemia increases serum interleukin-6 in humans

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Klausen, T; Olsen, Niels Vidiendal; Poulsen, T D

1997-01-01

Serum concentrations of interleukin (IL) 1 beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined in ten healthy men at sea level and during four days of altitude hypoxia (4350m above sea level). The mean (SD) arterial blood...

L'impact du web 2.0 sur les organisations

CERN Document Server

TRAN, Sébastien; Hasnaoui, Amir

2013-01-01

Cet ouvrage permet de présenter le « 2.0 » selon quatre points de vue complémentaires - la plateforme, le many-to-many, le communautaire et l'émergent. Les auteurs ont essayé de démontrer comment les « univers gouvernés », s'ils adoptaient les pratiques du 2.0 au service des objectifs qu'ils visent, doivent intégrer une « fabrique » différente de l'intelligence collective au travers de groupes émergents, et comment ils doivent s'adapter à la compétition et à l'interopérabilité et maîtriser le langage de la collaboration étendue. Les auteurs s'attachent également à montrer comment le web 2.0 po

Neuroprotective effect of interleukin-6 regulation of voltage-gated Na+ channels of cortical neurons is time- and dose-dependent

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Wei Xia

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Interleukin-6 has been shown to be involved in nerve injury and nerve regeneration, but the effects of long-term administration of high concentrations of interleukin-6 on neurons in the central nervous system is poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of 24 hour exposure of interleukin-6 on cortical neurons at various concentrations (0.1, 1, 5 and 10 ng/mL and the effects of 10 ng/mL interleukin-6 exposure to cortical neurons for various durations (2, 4, 8, 24 and 48 hours by studying voltage-gated Na + channels using a patch-clamp technique. Voltage-clamp recording results demonstrated that interleukin-6 suppressed Na + currents through its receptor in a time- and dose-dependent manner, but did not alter voltage-dependent activation and inactivation. Current-clamp recording results were consistent with voltage-clamp recording results. Interleukin-6 reduced the action potential amplitude of cortical neurons, but did not change the action potential threshold. The regulation of voltage-gated Na + channels in rat cortical neurons by interleukin-6 is time- and dose-dependent.

Etäfani 2.0 - Tapaustutkimus suomalaisista Arsenal-faneista 2010-luvulla

OpenAIRE

Soininen, Maisa

2016-01-01

Englantilainen seurajoukkuejalkapallo, etenkin sen korkein taso Valioliiga, on 1960-luvulta lähtien kuulunut suomalaiseen penkkiurheilukulttuuriin. Ensimmäisenä mediavälitteisenä ulkomaalaisena urheilusarjana Valioliiga saavutti Suomessa nopeasti merkittävän aseman ja teki lukuisista suomalaisista jalkapallon ystävistä englantilaisten seurojen faneja. Tämän pro gradu -tutkielman keskiössä on englantilaisen jalkapalloseura Arsenalin suomalaiset kannattajat, etäfanit. Teemahaastatteluaineistoon...

Proinflammatory interleukins' production by adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells: the impact of cell culture conditions and cell-to-cell interaction.

Science.gov (United States)

Andreeva, Elena; Andrianova, Irina; Rylova, Julia; Gornostaeva, Aleksandra; Bobyleva, Polina; Buravkova, Ludmila

2015-08-01

The impact of culture conditions and interaction with activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells on the interleukin (IL) gene expression profile and proinflammatory IL-6 and IL-8 production by adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) was investigated. A microarray analysis revealed a wide range of IL genes either under standard (20%) or hypoxic (5%) O2 concentrations, some highly up-regulated at hypoxia. IL-6 and IL-8 production was inversely dependent on cell culture density. In early (first-third) passages, IL-6 and IL-8 concentration was higher at 20% O2 and in late (8th-12th) passages under 5% O2. Interaction between ASCs and mononuclear cells in indirect setting was accompanied with a significant decrease of IL-6 and did not result in the elevation of IL-8 concentration. Thereby, the production of proinflammatory interleukins (IL-6 and IL-8) may be affected by the ASC intrinsic features (density in culture, and duration of expansion), as well as by microenvironmental factors, such as hypoxia and the presence of blood-borne cells. These data are important for elucidating ASC paracrine activity regulation in vitro. They would also be on demand for optimisation of the cell therapy protocols, based on the application of ASC biologically active substances. SIGNIFICANCE PARAGRAPH: Ex vivo expansion is widely used for increasing the number of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) and improving of their quality. The present study was designed to elucidate the particular factors influencing the interleukin production in ASCs. The presented data specified the parameters (i.e. cell density, duration of cultivation, hypoxia, etc.) that should be taken in mind when ASCs are intended to be used in protocols implying their paracrine activity. These data would be of considerable interest for researchers and clinicians working in the biomedical science. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Abundant spontaneous VLFE activities in Cascadia during ETS and inter-ETS time periods

Science.gov (United States)

Ghosh, A.; Hutchison, A. A.; Hawthorne, J.

2017-12-01

Very low frequency earthquakes (VLFEs) are discrete seismic events associated with episodic tremor and slip (ETS) events. They are rich in 20-50s energy and depleted in higher frequencies compared to regular local earthquakes of similar magnitudes. VLFEs can be as large as Mw 4.0, and potentially release much more seismic moment than the tremor/LFE activities, making them a critical event determining stress evolution during slow earthquakes [Ghosh et al., 2015]. Their underlying physics and relationship with tremor/LFE, however, are still unclear. In Cascadia, the majority of the VLFEs found so far are clustered near the areas of high geodetic slip during ETS events [Ghosh et al., 2015; Hutchison and Ghosh, 2016]. Interestingly, we found VLFE activity has its own dynamics and can occur independent of tremor/LFE activity. For example, during the 2014 ETS event in northern Cascadia, VLFEs are found to be asynchronous with tremor activity, both in space and time [Hutchison and Ghosh, 2016]. We use a matched filter technique to detect thousands of VLFEs over an ETS-cycle, and perhaps more interestingly, even between ETS events. VLFE activities peak during ETS events, but significant VLFE activity is detected during the inter-ETS time period. Analyses of strainmeter data near the VLFE locations suggest statistically significant strain rate increases during VLFE time periods compared to the background. We suggest that VLFE is a distinct type of seismic radiation different from tremor/LFE, and can operate independently from tremor activities. This is in contrast to a model suggesting that VLFE signals may be a result of many LFE signals arriving at seismic stations in a short time period [Gomberg et al., 2016]. We are making a consistent catalog of VLFE in Cascadia for longer time period. Systematic study of VLFEs is going to provide new insights into the mechanism of slow earthquakes and its relationship with tremor/LFE and slow slip.

Mange unge mangler motivation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hutters, Camilla; Katznelson, Noemi

2012-01-01

Motivation er altafgørende for unges uddannelseschancer. Nyt forskningsprojekt skal gøre os klogere på, hvad der fremmer unges lyst til læring.......Motivation er altafgørende for unges uddannelseschancer. Nyt forskningsprojekt skal gøre os klogere på, hvad der fremmer unges lyst til læring....

Web 2.0 trænger ind i skolen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mehlsen, Camilla

2010-01-01

Det er ikke bare et stigende antal cyber kids, der presser på for at få web 2.0 ind i skolen. Flere uddannelsespolitiske tekster sætter nu fokus på, at elevernes it- og mediekompetencer skal være "i et web 2.0-perspektiv". Hvad skal der til, for at vi får en skole 2.0? Asterisk aflægger rapport fra...

Human interleukin-10 delivered intrathecally by self-complementary adeno-associated virus 8 induces xenogeneic transgene immunity without clinical neurotoxicity in swine.

Science.gov (United States)

Unger, Mark D; Pleticha, Josef; Heilmann, Lukas F; Newman, Laura K; Maus, Timothy P; Beutler, Andreas S

2018-05-25

Intrathecal interleukin-10 delivered by plasmid or viral gene vectors has been proposed for clinical testing because it is effective for chronic pain in rodents, a potential therapeutic for various human diseases, and was found to be non-toxic in dogs, when the human interleukin-10 ortholog was tested. However, recent studies in swine testing porcine interleukin-10 demonstrated fatal neurotoxicity. To deliver vector-encoded human interleukin-10 in swine, measure expression of the transgene in cerebrospinal fluid, and monitor animals for signs of neurotoxicity. Human interleukin-10 levels peaked 2 weeks after vector administration followed by a rapid decline that occurred concomitant with the emergence of anti-human interleukin-10 antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum. Animals remained neurologically healthy throughout the study period. This study suggests that swine are not idiosyncratically sensitive to intrathecal interleukin-10 because, recapitulating previous reports in dogs, they suffered no clinical neurotoxicity from the human ortholog. These results strongly infer that toxicity of intrathecal interleukin-10 in large animal models was previously overlooked because of a species mismatch between transgene and host. The present study further suggests that swine were protected from interleukin-10 by a humoral immune response against the xenogeneic cytokine. Future safety studies of interleukin-10 or related therapeutics may require syngeneic large animal models. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Interleukin-1 receptors in mouse brain: Characterization and neuronal localization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takao, T.; Tracey, D.E.; Mitchell, W.M.; De Souza, E.B.

1990-01-01

The cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) has a variety of effects in brain, including induction of fever, alteration of slow wave sleep, and alteration of neuroendocrine activity. To examine the potential sites of action of IL-1 in brain, we used iodine-125-labeled recombinant human interleukin-1 [( 125I]IL-1) to identify and characterize IL-1 receptors in crude membrane preparations of mouse (C57BL/6) hippocampus and to study the distribution of IL-1-binding sites in brain using autoradiography. In preliminary homogenate binding and autoradiographic studies, [125I]IL-1 alpha showed significantly higher specific binding than [125I]IL-1 beta. Thus, [125I]IL-1 alpha was used in all subsequent assays. The binding of [125I]IL-1 alpha was linear over a broad range of membrane protein concentrations, saturable, reversible, and of high affinity, with an equilibrium dissociation constant value of 114 +/- 35 pM and a maximum number of binding sites of 2.5 +/- 0.4 fmol/mg protein. In competition studies, recombinant human IL-1 alpha, recombinant human IL-1 beta, and a weak IL-1 beta analog. IL-1 beta +, inhibited [125I]IL-1 alpha binding to mouse hippocampus in parallel with their relative bioactivities in the T-cell comitogenesis assay, with inhibitory binding affinity constants of 55 +/- 18, 76 +/- 20, and 2940 +/- 742 pM, respectively; rat/human CRF and human tumor necrosis factor showed no effect on [125I]IL-1 alpha binding. Autoradiographic localization studies revealed very low densities of [125I]IL-1 alpha-binding sites throughout the brain, with highest densities present in the molecular and granular layers of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and in the choroid plexus. Quinolinic acid lesion studies demonstrated that the [125I]IL-1 alpha-binding sites in the hippocampus were localized to intrinsic neurons

DMPD: Modulation of Toll-interleukin 1 receptor mediated signaling. [Dynamic Macrophage Pathway CSML Database

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 15662540 Modulation of Toll-interleukin 1 receptor mediated signaling. Li X, Qin J.... J Mol Med. 2005 Apr;83(4):258-66. Epub 2005 Jan 21. (.png) (.svg) (.html) (.csml) Show Modulation of Toll-i...nterleukin 1 receptor mediated signaling. PubmedID 15662540 Title Modulation of Toll-interleukin 1 receptor

Interleukin-1 antagonists in the treatment of autoinflammatory syndromes, including cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pierre Quartier

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Pierre QuartierUnité d'Immunologie-Hématologie et Rhumatologie pédiatriques, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, FranceAbstract: Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS include a group of rare autoinflammatory disorders, the spectrum of which ranges from the mildest form, ie, familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome to more severe phenotypes, ie, Muckle-Wells syndrome, and chronic infantile neurological cutaneous and articular syndrome, also known as neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease. Three interleukin (IL-1 antagonists have been tested in adults and children with CAPS, ie, anakinra, a recombinant homolog of the human IL-1 receptor antagonist; rilonacept, a fusion protein comprising the extracellular domains of IL-1 receptor I and the IL-1 adaptor protein, IL-1RAcP, attached to a human immunoglobulin G molecule; and canakinumab, the anti-IL-1β monoclonal antibody. Following rapid clinical development, rilonacept and canakinumab were approved by both the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency for use in adults and children. This review describes how the study of CAPS has helped us to understand better the way the innate immune system works, the pathogenesis of autoinflammatory syndromes, and the key role of IL-1. It also reviews the effects of IL-1 blockade in CAPS and other disorders, in particular systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, adult-onset Still's disease, and gout. Finally, this review covers some issues addressed by very recent and ongoing work regarding treatment indications, from orphan diseases to common disorders, continuous versus intermittent treatment, the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and optimal dosages of the different drugs, as well as the need for Phase IV trials, exhaustive registries, and long-term follow-up of several patient cohorts.Keywords: inflammation, interleukin-1, cytokines, treatment

A polymorphism of the interleukin-1 beta gene is associated with sperm pathology in humans.

Science.gov (United States)

Bentz, Eva-Katrin; Hefler, Lukas A; Denschlag, Dominik; Pietrowski, Detlef; Buerkle, Bernd; Tempfer, Clemens B

2007-09-01

In a prospective case-control study of 127 normozoospermic and 435 non-normozoospermic Caucasian men, the genotype frequencies of a polymorphism of the interleukin-1 beta gene (IL-1beta Taq C-->T) were statistically significantly different between groups (homozygous wild-type C/C [57%], heterozygous C/T [42%], and homozygous mutant T/T [1%] vs. C/C [57%], C/T [36%], T/T [7%] for normozoospermic and non-normozoospermic men, respectively; odds ratio, 4.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.13 to 20.28). This association was restricted to men with the oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) syndrome. We conclude that the investigated polymorphism is associated with sperm pathology in Caucasians.

Interleukin-15 differentially enhances the expression of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 in activated human (CD4(+))T lymphocytes

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Borger, P; Kauffman, HF; Postma, DS; Esselink, MT; Vellenga, E

In this study interleukin (IL)-15 was examined for its ability to modulate the expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-4 in activated human T lymphocytes. The effect of IL-15 was compared with IL-2 and IL-7, cytokines all known to use the IL-2 receptor gamma(C) chain. The results

4 and 6 interleukin's action in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, gingivitis and dental alveolitis.

Science.gov (United States)

Berezniakova, Alla I; Cheremisina, Valentуna F

The paper presents the results of studying the role of interleukins 4 and 6 in the pathogenesis of periodontal tissue diseases, specifically, in periodontitis, gingivitis and alveolitis. To study the nature of participation of IL-4 and IL-6 in the mechanisms of development of periodontitis, gingivitis and alveolitis. Studies were carried out on 80 nonlinear male rats with a body weight of 200.0 to 220.0 g divided into four groups of 20 animals each. The serum level of cytokines was determined by an enzyme immunoassay on the Multiscane Biotech analyzer using test systems manufactured by Caltag laboratories (USA). Statistical processing of the obtained digital results was processed with the help of the program "Statistica 8.0". Indicators of the reliability of changes between the control and intact groups also used the Student's test and the Excel program. The confidence level was taken at p gingivitis, where it decreased by 74% and its level became less with alveolitis and periodontitis, since in these diseases the level of IL-6 was practically the same from the control (p gingivitis, on the contrary, indicates the realization of a pathological reaction of the organism. The change in the levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory interleukins, especially with gingivitis, indicates a decrease in the body's adaptive reserves and may affect the further dynamics of the inflammatory process in the periodontal tissues.

AZD5363 inhibits inflammatory synergy between interleukin-17 and insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chong eChen

2014-12-01

Full Text Available In the United States, one third of population is affected by obesity and almost 29 million people are suffering from type 2 diabetes. Obese people have elevated serum levels of insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1 and interleukin-17 (IL-17. Insulin and IGF1 are known to enhance IL-17-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which may contribute to the chronic inflammatory status observed in obese people. We have previously demonstrated that insulin/IGF1 signaling pathway crosstalks with IL-17-activated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB pathway through inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β activity. However, it is unclear whether GSK3α also plays a role and whether this crosstalk can be manipulated by AZD5363, a novel pan-Akt inhibitor that has been shown to increase GSK3 activity through reducing phosphorylation of GSK3α and GSK3β. In this study, we investigated IL-17-induced expression of C-X-C motif ligand 1 (Cxcl1, C-C motif ligand 20 (Ccl20 and interleukin-6 (Il-6 in wild-type, GSK3α-/-, and GSK3β-/- mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF cells as well as in mouse prostate tissues by real-time quantitative PCR. We examined the proteins involved in the signaling pathways by Western blot analysis. We found that insulin and IGF1 enhanced IL-17- induced expression of Cxcl1, Ccl20 and Il-6, which was associated with increased phosphorylation of GSK3α and GSK3β in the presence of insulin and IGF1. AZD5363 inhibited the synergy between IL-17 and insulin/IGF1 through reducing phosphorylation of GSK3α and GSK3β by inhibiting Akt function. These findings imply that the cooperative crosstalk of IL-17 and insulin/IGF1 in initiating inflammatory responses may be alleviated by AZD5363.

Cooling Effect of Evapotranspiration (ET) and ET Measurement by Thermal Remote Sensing in Urban

Science.gov (United States)

Qiu, G. Y.; Yang, B.; Li, X.; Guo, Q.; Tan, S.

2015-12-01

Affected by global warming and rapid urbanization, urban thermal environment and livability are getting worse over the world. Global terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) can annually consume 1.483 × 1023 joules of solar energy, which is about 300 times of the annual human energy use on the earth (4.935×1020 joules). This huge amount of energy use by ET indicates that there is great potential to cool the urban by regulating ET. However, accurately measurement of urban ET is quiet difficult because of the great spatial heterogeneity in urban. This study focuses on to quantify the cooling effects ET by mobile traverse method and improve a methodology to measure the urban ET by thermal remote sensing. The verifying experiment was carried out in Shenzhen, a sub-tropical mega city in China. Results showed that ET of vegetation could obviously reduce the urban temperature in hot season. Daily transpiration rate of a small-sized Ficus tree (Ficus microcarpa, 5 m in height and 20 cm of trunk diameter, measured by sap-flow method) was 36-55 kg and its cooling effect was equivalent to a 1.6-2.4 kWh air conditioner working for 24 hours. A 10% increase in the vegetated area could decrease urban temperature by 0.60°C at hot night. Moreover, it was found that a region with a vegetated area ratio over 55% had obvious effect on temperature decreasing. In addition, a methodology by using "thermal remote sensing + three-temperature model" was improved to measure the urban ET. Results showed that the urban ET could be reasonably measured by the proposed method. The daily ET of an urban lawn was 0.01-2.86 mm and monthly ET was 21-60 mm. This result agreed well with the verification study (Bowen ratio method, r=0.953). These results are very useful for urban planning, urban lower impact development, and improving of urban thermal environment.

20-hydroxyecdysone positively regulates the transcription of the antimicrobial peptide, lebocin, via BmEts and BmBR-C Z4 in the midgut of Bombyx mori during metamorphosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Mai, Taoyi; Chen, Shuna; Lin, Xianyu; Zhang, Xiaojuan; Zou, Xiaopeng; Feng, Qili; Zheng, Sichun

2017-09-01

Metamorphosis is an essential physiological process in insects. This process is triggered by 20-hydroxyecydsone (20E). Lebocin, an antimicrobial peptide of Lepidoptera insects, was significantly up-regulated in the midgut, but not in the fat body of Bombyx mori during metamorphosis. In this study, the expression regulation of lebocin in B. mori midgut was studied. The results showed that B. mori lebocin and its activator BmEts were not responsive to bacterial infection in the midgut, instead, the expression of both genes was up-regulated by 20E treatment. The transcription factor BR-C Z4 in the 20E signal pathway enhanced lebocin promoter activity by directly binding to an upstream cis-response element of the promoter. In the fat body, the mRNA level of B. mori lebocin was decreased when the insect transformed from larval to pupal stage and was increased by immune challenge. The expression profiles of lebocin in Lepidopteran Spodoptera litura was also analyzed and the similar results were observed, S. litura lebocin was significantly up-regulated during midgut regeneration and mainly present in the new-formed intestinal cells of the midgut. All results together suggest that during metamorphosis 20E may activate lebocin expression via BmBR-C Z4 and BmEts in the midgut, where the antimicrobial peptide was produced to protect the midgut from infection. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Taler i krisens tegn

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Jette Barnholdt

2012-01-01

I dette indlæg anmelder jeg Helle Thorning-Schmidts og Dronning Margrethe II's nytårstaler med særligt fokus på deres mundtlige fremførelse.......I dette indlæg anmelder jeg Helle Thorning-Schmidts og Dronning Margrethe II's nytårstaler med særligt fokus på deres mundtlige fremførelse....

Velvalgt hovedform

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nygaard, Erik

2001-01-01

Nyt center med varmtvandsbassiner, cafe og mødelokaler beliggende mellem Marselisborg Hospitals gamle bygninger fra 1913. Nygbygningen står i mørkbrun tegl med store glaspartier.......Nyt center med varmtvandsbassiner, cafe og mødelokaler beliggende mellem Marselisborg Hospitals gamle bygninger fra 1913. Nygbygningen står i mørkbrun tegl med store glaspartier....

Effect of interleukin-1beta on the behavior of rats during mild stress in the open-field test.

Science.gov (United States)

Pertsov, S S; Koplik, E V; Simbirtsev, A S; Kalinichenko, L S

2009-11-01

We studied the effect of interleukin-1beta on the behavior of rats with different individual typological characteristics during mild stress in the open-field test. Intraperitoneal injection of interleukin-1beta (5 microg/kg, 108 U/mg) was followed by a decrease in orientation and exploratory activity of passive and, particularly, of active animals in the open field. As differentiated from rats receiving physiological saline, the initial differences in behavioral characteristics of active and passive animals were not revealed in the repeated test after injection of interleukin-1beta. We conclude that interleukin-1beta abolishes the behavioral differences between active and passive specimens in the open field. These data suggest that administration of interleukin-1beta to rats leads to reorganization of the mechanisms for emotional evaluation of adverse emotiogenic factors under conditions of mild stress in the open-field test.

Interleukin-2 therapy in patients with HIV infection

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Abrams, D; Lévy, Y; Losso, M H

2009-01-01

Interleukin-2 in HIV-Infected Patients with Low CD4+ Counts under Active Antiretroviral Therapy (SILCAAT) study and the Evaluation of Subcutaneous Proleukin in a Randomized International Trial (ESPRIT). In each, patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who had CD4+ cell counts of either...

Science et technologie du collage

CERN Document Server

Cognard, Jacques

2003-01-01

L'Homme a su coller avant de savoir écrire et compter. Le collage est en effet l'une des premières techniques d'assemblage d'une structure que l'homme ait utilisée, technique qui n'est devenue science qu'au début du 20e siècle avec la fabrication des premières colles synthétiques. Cette science de l'adhésion a considérablement progressé ces dix dernières années et ce livre présente l'état actuel des connaissances en décrivant les progrès considérables réalisés dans la compréhension des phénomènes fondamentaux qui font qu'un collage tient bien et durablement. Après l'exposé des bases scientifiques nécessaires et des modèles théoriques récents, l'auteur introduit la distinction entre collages faibles et collages forts puis expose les difficultés rencontrées dans les cas pratiques, difficultés souvent dues à la complexité de la chimie des surfaces et des réactions surface-polymère. L'ouvrage se termine par la présentation de quelques applications récentes, en particulier dans...

Darwinkalenderen 2009

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kjærgaard, Peter C.; Bek-Thomsen, Jakob; Grumsen, Stine

Glæd din bionørdede kæreste (der ikke kan få nok af Darwin), din mor (der altid har været lidt vild med ham), din far (der elsker biller), dine søskende (som du endelig kan give en gave, du gerne selv ville have), dine børn (der trænger til lidt dannelse), din bedstefar (der ligner Darwin), din...... med sjove, spændende, oplysende, rystende og rørende citater af Darwin selv, hans familie, venner og fjender. Hver eneste dag byder på et nyt citat og en passende illustration....

Danmark under overfladen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hjorth, M.; Danø, R.

"Danmark under overfladen" er et nyt undervisningstilbud til de danske skoler. På Internettet, www.danmarkunderoverfladen.dk kan man downloade grundbogen og fire andre temahæfter, samt se film og løse opgaver. "Danmark under overfladen" henvender sig til alle som er interesseret i havbiologi, men...... som undervisningsmateriale retter bogen sig særligt til de ældste klasser i folkeskolen og til det naturfaglige grundforløb i gymnasiet. Denne bog starter med at introducere den naturvidenskabelige arbejdsmetode i kapitel 1. Det er en tankegang som man må gå ind på,...

Stress blandt gymnasielærere

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lading, Åse

2007-01-01

Artiklen bygger på en større undersøgelse af gymnasielæreres oplevelse af at de som noget nyt skal indgå i tværfaglige team. Kravet indgår som led i de omfattende forandringer der i disse år sker i gymnasieskolen. Artiklen argumenterer for at i modsætning til hvad man kunne forvente, skaber disse...... kan anerkende medarbejderne samt rumme og lære af forskelle og konflikter. Dette ses som et afgørende led i bestræbelserne på at reducere stress på arbejdspladsen....

Mindfulness meditation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Grünenberg, Kristina; Walker, Hanne Kjærgaard; Knudsen, Jakob Skov

2009-01-01

Meditation er ikke et nyt fænomen i det danske samfund. Det er den fokus som meditationsformen Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) har været genstand for i de senere år imidlertid. Inden for en sundhedssociologisk ramme undersøges nogle af grundene til, at netop MBSR er blevet populær både i...... en analyse af empirien, i hvilken forfatterne bl.a. argumenterer for, at opfattelsen af virkninger tilskrevet mindfulness meditation må ses i relation til to diskurser, som fremanalyseres og benævnes henholdsvis autenticitets- og e ektiviseringsdiskurserne. Disse diskurser udgør i artiklen...

Digitale modeller af danske arkitekturværker

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Villaume, René; Rude Ørstrup, Finn

2001-01-01

Digitale modeller af dansk arkitektur åbner op for helt nye muligheder og faciliteter, fordi den enkelte bruger får et nyt redskab til at tilegne sig viden om dansk arkitektur med modeller, der kan anvendes til at iagtage og analysere både opførte og skitserede danske bygningsværker. Internettet ...... arbejder fra analyseopgaver i studiet. Der er store ressourcer og muligheder for opbygning af en samling, der systematisk kan udbygges og udvikles år for år. En helt ny dimension når man ønsker at indhente viden om dansk arkitektur og arkitekter....

BadButik A/S

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Jørgen; Bertelsen, Niels Haldor

Rapporten omhandler udviklingen af et helt nyt forretningskoncept for levering af badeværelser. Konceptet omfatter både den tekniske og forretningsmæssige udvikling og har fokus på industriel udvikling af arbejdet på byggepladsen og i designarbejdet. Resultatet af projektet kan ses som svar på...... spørgsmålet: Hvordan ser denne virksomhed ud, og hvordan kan den udvikles? Rapporten henvender sig især til udviklingsorienterede boligorganisationer og virksomheder. Projektet er gennemført med støtte fra Nordic Innovation Centre, der i 2005 besluttede at støtte udviklingsprojekter, der specifikt tog...

Trimestre Dates Endroit Objet Transport Hébergement, repas et frais ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Chantal Taylor

Transport. Hébergement, repas et frais divers. Accueil. Total des dépenses. Trimestre 1 les 23 et 24 avril 2012. Washington, États-Unis. Réunions du 5 au 9 juin 2012. Rome, Italie. Réunions. 16 308,20. 2 468,26. 18 776,46 du 15 au 23 juin 2012. Le Cap, Afrique du Sud. Réunions. Trimestre 2 les 5 et 6 septembre 2012.

Les formations marines et continentales intervolcaniques des îles Canaries orientales (Grande Canarie. Fuerteventura et Lanzarote: Stratigraphie et signiflcation paleoclimatique.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Meco, J.

1985-08-01

especies de Patella, y de carácter fresco (Meco, 1977 se habían relacionado con episodios volcánicos datados por K/Ar (Meco y Stearns, 1981 y se relacionan ahora, por primera vez, con algunos trazos rápidos de la pedogénesis, consecuencia de la evaporación y neoformación arcillosa en materiales volcánicos constantemente renovados. A medida que las series volcánicas fosilizan alteraciones se eliminan algunos efectos acumulativos del tiempo en los paleosuelos. La presencia de cuarzo sahariano, mineral ausente en los productos volcánicos, y la coexistencia de los extremos más alejados de la evolución pedológica, como las costras yesíferas o con attapulgita desérticas y las bauxitas niquelíferas con talco de regiones tropicales húmedas (pomel, 1985 permiten, en todo caso, obtener conclusiones coherentes.
Faune et sols fossilisés par des volcans actifs depuis plus de 20 M. A. à l'époque actuel le attestent une alternance d'influences guinéennes chaudes et humides et de flux sahariens secs liés à l'apport d'eaux lusitaniques fraîches. Les preuves paléontologiques sont fondées sur la présence du Strombus coronatus au Pliocene inférieur et du Strombus bubonius au Pleistocéne supérieur et de Patella au Pleistocene moyen et supérieur el: au Holocene (Meco, 1977. Les preuves pédologiques reposent sur la présence de quartz saharien, minéral absent dans les produits volcaniques et sur la coexistence des póles les plus extremes de l'évolution pédologique : croûtes gypseuses ou à attapulgite désertiques et bauxites nickeliféres a talc des régions tropicales humides (Pomel, 1984.

Dokumentation og forskning

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ridder, Hanne Mette Ochsner

2012-01-01

Udover en liste over de nyeste specialeafhandlinger er der Nyt fra Forskerprogrammet i musikterapi, og bl.a. omtale af effekt-undersøgelser vedr. musik og autisme, immunsystemet samt astma.......Udover en liste over de nyeste specialeafhandlinger er der Nyt fra Forskerprogrammet i musikterapi, og bl.a. omtale af effekt-undersøgelser vedr. musik og autisme, immunsystemet samt astma....

Kaempferol Alleviates the Interleukin-1β-Induced Inflammation in Rat Osteoarthritis Chondrocytes via Suppression of NF-κB.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhuang, Zhengling; Ye, Guangqun; Huang, Bin

2017-08-14

BACKGROUND This study was designed to examine the anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoarthritis (OA) effects of kaempferol in rat articular chondrocytes stimulated with interleukin-1β. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rat articular chondrocytes cultures were treated with interleukin-1β alone or with kaempferol (25, 50, 100, and 200 μM) and interleukin-1β. The effect of kaempferol on chondrocyte cells viability was measured by MTT assay. The effect on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO) level were also assessed using the ELISA and Griess reagent, respectively, for kaempferol activity. Moreover, the expression of iNOS, Cox-2 and activation of NF-κB under influence of kaempferol was also assessed by Western blot. RESULTS Kaempferol treatment (up to 100 μM) in a concentration-dependent way caused reduction in the interleukin-1b-stimulated formations of PGE2 and NO. Kaempferol also upregulated the expression of iNOS and Cox-2 in interleukin-1β-stimulated rat OA chondrocytes. Additionally, kaempferol was found to inhibit the IkBa degradation and NF-κB activation in rat chondrocytes stimulated with interleukin-1β. CONCLUSIONS Kaempferol significantly caused reduction in interleukin-1β-stimulated pro-inflammatory mediators in rat OA chondrocytes by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. These results suggest that kaempferol had significant anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritis effects. Thus, kaempferol, as a novel therapeutic active agent, may prevent, stop, or retard the progression of OA.

Structural basis for antagonism of human interleukin 18 by poxvirus interleukin 18-binding protein

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Krumm, Brian; Meng, Xiangzhi; Li, Yongchao; Xiang, Yan; Deng, Junpeng (Texas-HSC); (OKLU)

2009-07-10

Human interleukin-18 (hIL-18) is a cytokine that plays an important role in inflammation and host defense against microbes. Its activity is regulated in vivo by a naturally occurring antagonist, the human IL-18-binding protein (IL-18BP). Functional homologs of human IL-18BP are encoded by all orthopoxviruses, including variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox. They contribute to virulence by suppressing IL-18-mediated immune responses. Here, we describe the 2.0-{angstrom} resolution crystal structure of an orthopoxvirus IL-18BP, ectromelia virus IL-18BP (ectvIL-18BP), in complex with hIL-18. The hIL-18 structure in the complex shows significant conformational change at the binding interface compared with the structure of ligand-free hIL-18, indicating that the binding is mediated by an induced-fit mechanism. EctvIL-18BP adopts a canonical Ig fold and interacts via one edge of its {beta}-sandwich with 3 cavities on the hIL-18 surface through extensive hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions. Most of the ectvIL-18BP residues that participate in these interactions are conserved in both human and viral homologs, explaining their functional equivalence despite limited sequence homology. EctvIL-18BP blocks a putative receptor-binding site on IL-18, thus preventing IL-18 from engaging its receptor. Our structure provides insights into how IL-18BPs modulate hIL-18 activity. The revealed binding interface provides the basis for rational design of inhibitors against orthopoxvirus IL-18BP (for treating orthopoxvirus infection) or hIL-18 (for treating certain inflammatory and autoimmune diseases).

The ubiquitous interleukin-6: a time for reappraisal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fisman Enrique Z

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6 is a multifunctional cytokine regulating humoral and cellular responses and playing a central role in inflammation and tissue injury. Its effects are mediated through interaction with its receptor complex, IL-6Rβ (also known as gp130. It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and large quantities of IL-6 are found in human atherosclerotic plaques. IL-6 levels positively correlate with higher all-cause mortality, unstable angina, left ventricular dysfunction, propensity to diabetes and its complications, hypertension, obesity and several types of cancer. IL-6 levels augmentation demonstrates a remarkable parallel with another biomarkers reflecting harmful processes, like tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukins 8 and 18, YKL-40, C reactive protein and resistin. Due to these facts, IL-6 was classified as a noxious interleukin. Nonetheless, there are several facts that challenge this usually accepted point of view. Since IL-6 has also anti-inflammatory activity, it seems reasonable to assume that favorable aspects exist. These aspects are two: 1. protection against bacterial infections, inactivating proinflammatory mediators, mitigating the course of septic shock and inducing the production of cortisol; and 2. influence on insulin sensitivity during exercise; this aspect is even more important. During exercise IL-6 is synthesized and released by muscles, with enhanced insulin action immediately at early recovery. Skeletal muscle may be considered as an endocrine organ; contracting muscles produce IL-6 and release it into the blood exerting its effects on other organs. The increase in circulating levels of IL-6 after exercise is consistent and proportional to exercise duration, intensity, muscle mass involved and endurance capacity. Thus, the fascinating possibility that the plenteous beneficial health effects of exercise could be ultimately mediated by IL-6 merits further elucidation

[Infectious complications during treatments with interleukin-2].

Science.gov (United States)

Morère, J F; Darras, C; Boaziz, C; Mihaila, L; Breau, J L; Scavizzi, M; Israël, L

1993-03-13

Between January 1989 and May 1991, 97 patients were treated with interleukin 2 in the Oncology Department of the Avicenne Hospital (Bobigny, France). IL 2 was given over 5 days by continuous infusion through an implantable port. Ten patients (4 males, 6 females), mean age 46 years (36-67) with various cancers (breast 3, kidney 1, melanoma 1, colorectal 5), developed infection: 4 local infections around the port, 1 phlebitis, 4 septicemias, 1 bacteremia were observed. In 9 cases blood cultures were positive: Staphylococcus aureus 5, Staphylococcus epidermidis 3, Streptococcus G 1. In 5 cases the same pathogen was isolated from the port and from the blood. The mean leucocyte count was 10,627/mm3 at the time of infection. The delay between the beginning of interleukin 2 treatment and the infection was 3 months. The mean dose of IL 2 administered before infection was 456 million IU. In all cases infection was controlled without lethal complication by antibiotics and catheter removal. This high incidence (8 percent) of staphylococcal infection is partly due to the skin toxicity of IL 2 and to depressed neutrophil chemotactic response. Prophylactic antibiotics are warranted during IL 2 intravenous therapy.

Modulation of the Interleukin-21 Pathway with Interleukin-4 Distinguishes Common Variable Immunodeficiency Patients with More Non-infectious Clinical Complications.

Science.gov (United States)

Desjardins, Marylin; Béland, Marianne; Dembele, Marieme; Lejtenyi, Duncan; Drolet, Jean-Phillipe; Lemire, Martine; Tsoukas, Christos; Ben-Shoshan, Moshe; Noya, Francisco J D; Alizadehfar, Reza; McCusker, Christine T; Mazer, Bruce D

2018-01-01

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia and clinical manifestations such as infections, autoimmunity, and malignancy. We sought to determine if responsiveness to interleukin-21 (IL-21), a key cytokine for B cell differentiation, correlates with distinct clinical phenotypes in CVID. CVID subjects were recruited through the Canadian Primary Immunodeficiency Evaluative Survey registry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured with anti-CD40 ± interferon-gamma, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-21, and/or IL-4+IL-21. B cell subpopulations and IgG production were determined at baseline and day 7 by flow cytometry and ELISA. Clinical complications were compared using contingency tables. CVID subjects exhibited decreased CD27 + B cells and IgG production after 7 days of stimulation with anti-CD40+IL-21 (p  2% class-switched memory B cells at baseline. The IL-4 and IL-21 in vitro assays distinguish two groups of CVID subjects and can be used with baseline B cell subpopulation phenotyping to better identify patients experiencing more vs. fewer clinical non-infectious complications and potentially to modulate therapy.

Interleukin-6 deficiency reduces the brain inflammatory response and increases oxidative stress and neurodegeneration after kainic acid-induced seizures

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Penkowa, M; Molinero, A; Carrasco, J

2001-01-01

and were killed six days later. Morphological damage to the hippocampal field CA1-CA3 was seen after kainic acid treatment. Reactive astrogliosis and microgliosis were prominent in kainic acid-injected normal mice hippocampus, and clear signs of increased oxidative stress were evident. Thus......The role of interleukin-6 in hippocampal tissue damage after injection with kainic acid, a rigid glutamate analogue inducing epileptic seizures, has been studied by means of interleukin-6 null mice. At 35mg/kg, kainic acid induced convulsions in both control (75%) and interleukin-6 null (100%) mice......, and caused a significant mortality (62%) only in the latter mice, indicating that interleukin-6 deficiency increased the susceptibility to kainic acid-induced brain damage. To compare the histopathological damage caused to the brain, control and interleukin-6 null mice were administered 8.75mg/kg kainic acid...

The pharmacokinetics, distribution and degradation of human recombinant interleukin 1 beta in normal rats

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wogensen, L D; Welinder, B; Hejnaes, K R

1991-01-01

-lives of distribution (T1/2 alpha) and elimination phases (T1/2 beta) of human recombinant interleukin 1 beta (rIL-1 beta), and its tissue distribution and cellular localization by means of mono-labelled, biologically active 125I-rIL-1 beta. After intravenous (i.v.) injection, 125I-rIL-1 beta was eliminated from...... the circulation with a T1/2 alpha of 2.9 min and a T1/2 beta of 41.1 min. The central and peripheral volume of distribution was 20.7 and 19.1 ml/rat, respectively, and the metabolic clearance rate was 16.9 ml/min/kg. The kidney and liver showed the highest accumulation of tracer, and autoradiography demonstrated...

Maternal and Cord Blood Levels of Serum Amyloid A, C-Reactive Protein, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Interleukin -1β, and Interleukin-8 During and After Delivery

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luciane Marzzullo Cicarelli

2005-01-01

after delivery and try to correlate these proteins with tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin -1β, and interleukin-8. Acute-phase proteins and cytokines were measured by ELISA in 24 healthy pregnant women undergoing vaginal delivery or Cesarean section. Cord blood samples in addition to maternal blood were collected. SAA and CRP reached the maximum maternal serum levels 24 hours after delivery, while cytokines remained constant over time. SAA and CRP were significantly higher in maternal serum than in newborn's (P<.001 at the moment of delivery. SAA and CRP, regardless of the type of delivery, reproduce the common pattern observed in most inflammatory conditions. Proinflammatory cytokine serum levels do not mirror the increase in SAA and CRP levels.

Adipose tissue interleukin-18 mRNA and plasma interleukin-18: effect of obesity and exercise

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Leick, Lotte; Lindegaard, Birgitte; Stensvold, Dorthe

2007-01-01

resistance was tested. Furthermore, we speculated that acute exercise and exercise training would regulate AT IL-18 mRNA expression. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Non-obese subjects with BMI women: n = 18; men; n = 11) and obese subjects with BMI >30 kg/m(2) (women: n = 6; men: n = 7...... of regular physical activity with improved insulin sensitivity.......OBJECTIVES: Obesity and a physically inactive lifestyle are associated with increased risk of developing insulin resistance. The hypothesis that obesity is associated with increased adipose tissue (AT) interleukin (IL)-18 mRNA expression and that AT IL-18 mRNA expression is related to insulin...

Uji Validasi Kadar Interleukin-4 (IL-4 Sebagai Alternatif Uji Diagnosis Infeksi Kecacingan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ike Hermawati

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Helminth infection caused by soil transmitted helminths (STH could be one of the reasons for malnutrition, impaired growth, and intelligence which will reduce the quality of human resources. Helminth infections are potent inducers of Th2 type responses as well as increased secretion of interleukin-4. The purpose of this study was to determine the interleukin-4 concentration in subjects with helminth infection and without helminth infection and to assess the validity of the plasma Interleukin-4 concentration assessment in helminth infection patients. This study examined 74 plasma samples from 1st-3rd grade elementary students in Jatinangor district using ELISA method. The results indicated that IL-4 concentration of helminth infection subjects was significantly higher compared to that of non-infected subjects (3.001 pg/mL vs 1.406 pg/mL, p<0.001. A cut-off point of 1.585 pg/mL for IL-4 concentration means 66.7% sensitivity, 65.9% specificity, and 66.2% accuracy . The validity of the helminth ova assessment instrument based on Interleukin-4 level testing is fair with a K (Kappa coefficient of 0.635. The IL-4 level in helminth infection patient increased 1.6 times compared to non-infected subjects. In conclusion, IL-4 is a valid marker for diagnosing helminthiasis. [MKB. 2016;48(4:211–5

Molecular cloning and characterization of duck interleukin-17

Science.gov (United States)

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) belonging to the Th17 family is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by activated T cells. A 1034-bp cDNA encoding duck IL-17 (duIL-17) was cloned from ConA-activated splenic lymphocytes of ducks. The encoded protein, predicted to consisted of 169 amino acids, displayed a molec...

Ninjin'yoeito and ginseng extract prevent oxaliplatin-induced neurodegeneration in PC12 cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Suzuki, Toshiaki; Yamamoto, Ayano; Ohsawa, Masahiro; Motoo, Yoshiharu; Mizukami, Hajime; Makino, Toshiaki

2015-10-01

Ninjin'yoeito (NYT) is a formula of Japanese traditional kampo medicine composed of 12 crude drugs, and is designed to improve the decline in constitution after recovery from disease, fatigue, anemia, anorexia, perspiration during sleep, cold limbs, slight fever, chills, persistent cough, malaise, mental disequilibrium, insomnia, and constipation. Oxaliplatin (L-OHP) is a platinum-based anticancer drug used to treat colorectal, pancreatic, and stomach cancers. However, it often causes acute and chronic peripheral neuropathies including cold allodynia and mechanical hyperalgesia. In this study, we investigated the preventive effects of NYT on neuronal degeneration caused by L-OHP using PC12 cells, which are derived from the rat adrenal medulla and differentiate into nerve-like cells after exposure to nerve growth factor. L-OHP treatment decreased the elongation of neurite-like projection outgrowths in differentiated PC12 cells. When PC12 cells were treated with NYT hot water extract, neurodegeneration caused by L-OHP was significantly prevented in a concentration-dependent manner. Among the 12 crude drugs composing NYT, the extract of Ginseng (the root of Panax ginseng) exhibited the strongest preventive effects on neurodegeneration in differentiated PC12 cells. By activity-guided fractionation, we found that the fraction containing ginsenosides displayed preventive activity and, among several ginsenosides, ginsenoside F2 exhibited significant preventive effects on L-OHP-induced decreases in neurite-like outgrowths in differentiated PC12 cells. These results suggest that NYT and ginseng are promising agents for preventing L-OHP-induced neuropathies and present ginsenoside F2 as one of the active ingredients in ginseng.

Effect of the use of snuff on the levels of interleukin-1 β and interleukin-8 in the gingival crevicular fluid of periodontitis patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Pandey, Vijayendra; Salam, Sharib Abdus; Moda, Aman; Agarwal, Preeti; Nath, Sonia; Pulikkotil, Shaju Jacob

2015-01-01

Use of smokeless tobacco in the form of moist snuff placed in the oral cavity is popular in rural India. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to determine the effect of snuff on periodontitis by assessing interleukin (IL)-1 β and IL-8 levels in gingival crevicular fluid. A total of 60 subjects were selected for this study. 40 subjects presented with periodontitis, which included 20 snuff users (SP) and 20 nonsnuff users (NS). 20 periodontally healthy patients formed the controls (healthy control: HC). The clinical parameters recorded were gingival index (GI), plaque index, calculus index, bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), recession (RC), and clinical attachment level (CAL). The IL-1 β and IL-8 levels were assessed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Quantikine(®)). Analysis of variance (ANOVA), post-hoc Tukey's, Kruskal-Walli's ANOVA and Mann-Whitney test was used for comparison among groups and P > 0.05 was considered statistically significant. No significant difference was seen in levels of IL-1 β and IL-8 between SP and NS groups (P = 0.16, 0.97). However, both the periodontitis groups (SP and NS) had increased IL-β levels when compared to HC group (P = 0.01, 0.001). The snuff users showed significant increase in GI, BOP, RC, and CAL when compared with NS (P = 0.002, 0.001, 0.012, 0.002) whereas NS group had significant increase in PD (P = 0.003). Within the limitations of this study, use of snuff does not affect the host inflammatory response associated with periodontitis and leads to RC and increased CAL due to local irritant effect.

Immunochemotherapy with interleukin-2, interferon- α and 5-fluorouracil for progressive metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a multicenter phase II study

Science.gov (United States)

Herpen, C M L van; Jansen, R L H; Kruit, W H J; Hoekman, K; Groenewegen, G; Osanto, S; Mulder, P H M De

2000-01-01

In patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma response rates of 7–26% have been achieved with immunotherapy. A high response rate of 48% in 35 patients has been reported for treatment with the combination of interferon-α (IFN-α), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (Atzpodien et al (1993 a) Eur J Cancer29A: S6–8). We conducted a multicentre phase II study to confirm these results. Metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients were treated as outpatients with an 8-week treatment cycle. Recombinant human IL-2 20 MU m−2was administered subcutaneously (s.c.) three times a week (t.i.w) in weeks 1 and 4 and 5 MU m−2t.i.w. in weeks 2 and 3. Recombinant human IFN-α 2a 6 MU m−2was administered s.c. once in weeks 1 and 4 and t.i.w. in weeks 2 and 3, and 9 MU m−2t.i.w. in weeks 5–8. 5-FU (750 mg m−2) was given as a bolus injection intravenous once a week in weeks 5–8. The treatment cycle was repeated once in case of response or minor response. Fifty-two patients entered the study. All had undergone a nephrectomy and had progressive metastatic disease. The median WHO-performance status was 1, the median number of metastatic sites was 2 (range 1–5) and the median time between the diagnosis of the primary tumour and the start of treatment was 12.9 months (range 1–153). Among the 51 patients, including four patients with early progressive disease, who were evaluable for response, the response rate was 11.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.9–20.7%), with no complete responses. Median duration of response was 8.3 (range 3.8–22.4+) months. Median survival was 16.5 (range 1.8–30.5+) months. Grade 3/4 toxicity (WHO) occurred in 29/52 (55.8%) of the patients in cycle 1 and in 6/16 (37.5%) of the patients in cycle 2. It consisted mainly of anorexia, fatigue, nausea, fever and leucocytopenia. We cannot confirm the high response rate in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with the combination of IFN-α, IL-2 and 5-FU, as described

opfølgnings materiale i CT undervisningen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mørup, Svea Deppe

2014-01-01

Valg af materiale/medie/form: Smart notebook Valg af arbejdsform: sammen i grupper eller selvstændigt Begrundelse for valg af materiale/medie/form/arbejdsform: Nyt undervisnings materiale til CT med smart notebook......Valg af materiale/medie/form: Smart notebook Valg af arbejdsform: sammen i grupper eller selvstændigt Begrundelse for valg af materiale/medie/form/arbejdsform: Nyt undervisnings materiale til CT med smart notebook...

Metabolites associated with circulating interleukin-6 in older adults

Science.gov (United States)

Background: Circulating levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels are elevated in older adults, but mechanisms are unclear. In the current study, we used an untargeted metabolomic approach to develop an improved understanding about mechanisms related to circulating IL-6 in ...

Increased IL-20 and IL-24 target osteoblasts and synovial monocytes in spondyloarthritis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kragstrup, Tue Wenzel; Andersen, Morten Nørgaard; Schiøttz-Christensen, Berit

2017-01-01

The pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis (SpA) involves activation of the innate immune system, inflammation and new bone formation. The two cytokines interleukin (IL)-20 and IL-24 have been shown to link innate immune activation and tissue homeostasis. We hypothesized that these two cytokines...... are secreted as part of activation of the innate immune system and affect bone homeostasis in SpA. IL-20 and IL-24 were measured in plasma from axial SpA patients (n = 83). Peripheral SpA patients (n = 16) were included for in-vitro cell culture studies. The plasma IL-20 and IL-24 levels were increased in Sp...

Hvad er inklusion, og hvordan leder man det?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Næsby, Torben; Qvortrup, Lars

2014-01-01

En fundamental forudsætning for at inklusion både kan gøres til et centralt tema og at medarbejdernes kompetencer kan styrkes, er, at alle medarbejdere ved, hvad man snakker om, og at man har en fælles, operationaliserbar forståelse af, hvad inklusion er. Der skal formuleres en definition af...... definition, som både er bredt, præcist og operationaliserbart. Derefter fremlægges forslag til, hvad man kan gøre som ledelse for at få inklusionsindsatsen til at lykkes....... inklusion i det enkelte dagtilbud, der både kan anerkendes af alle, så den gøres til et fælles anliggende, og kan operationaliseres, så alle kan se, hvad de skal gøre for at få indsatsen til at lykkes. Artiklen indledes med at diskutere de gængse definitioner af inklusion og præsentere et nyt forslag til en...

Affinity-purified human interleukin I is cytotoxic to isolated islets of Langerhans

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mandrup-Poulsen, T; Bendtzen, K; Nerup, J

1986-01-01

Addition of highly purified human Interleukin-1 to the culture medium of isolated rat islets of Langerhans for 6 days led to 88% inhibition of glucose-induced insulin-release, reduction of islet contents of insulin and glucagon to 31% and 8% respectively, and disintegration of the islets. These e......Addition of highly purified human Interleukin-1 to the culture medium of isolated rat islets of Langerhans for 6 days led to 88% inhibition of glucose-induced insulin-release, reduction of islet contents of insulin and glucagon to 31% and 8% respectively, and disintegration of the islets...

Interleukins 6 and 8 and abdominal fat depots are distinct correlates of lipid moieties in healthy pre- and postmenopausal women.

Science.gov (United States)

Veldhuis, Johannes D; Dyer, Roy B; Trushin, Sergey A; Bondar, Olga P; Singh, Ravinder J; Klee, George G

2016-12-01

Available data associate lipids concentrations in men with body mass index, anabolic steroids, age, and certain cytokines. Data were less clear in women, especially across the full adult lifespan, and when segmented by premenopausal and postmenopausal status. 120 healthy women (60 premenopausal and 60 postmenopausal) in Olmsted County, MN, USA, a stable well studied clinical population. Dependent variables: measurements of 10 h fasting high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. testosterone, estrone, estradiol, 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone, and sex-hormone binding globulin (by mass spectrometry); insulin, glucose, and albumin; abdominal visceral, subcutaneous, and total abdominal fat [abdominal visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, total abdominal fat by computerized tomography scan]; and a panel of cytokines (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Multivariate forward-selection linear-regression analysis was applied constrained to P abdominal visceral fat (P abdominal visceral fat (P abdominal fat and interleukin-8 (P = 2.0 × 10 -5 , 16.9 % of variance; and P = 0.0031, 9.4 % of variance, respectively). Premenopausal vs. postmenopausal comparisons identified specific relationships that were stronger in premenopausal than postmenopausal individuals, and vice versa. Age was a stronger correlate of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; interleukin-6 of triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein; and both sex-hormone binding globulin and total abdominal fat of non high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in premenopausal than postmenopausal women. Conversely, sex-hormone binding globulin, abdominal visceral fat, interleukin-8, adiponectin were stronger correlates of triglycerides; abdominal visceral fat, and testosterone of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; and age of both non high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein in postmenopausal than premenopausal women. Our data

Expériences sur les RFQ TRASCO et IPHI et développement du RFQ pour le Linac4

CERN Document Server

Mathot, S

2008-01-01

Depuis 1999, le CERN est impliqué dans le brasage sous vide des RFQ TRASCO et de IPHI depuis 2002. Pour ces deux projets, les tronçons RFQ sont constitués de 4 pôles indépendants usinés dans du cuivre OFE forgé. Ces pôles ont une longueur comprise entre 1000 et 1200 mm et doivent être assemblés avec une précision de l?ordre de 20 microns. La masse totale d?un tronçon est comprise entre 300 et 450 Kg. La procédure de brasage qui a été proposée et utilisée pour 5 tronçons jusqu'à présent consiste en deux étapes distinctes, l?une horizontale et l?autre verticale. Ce papier décrit ces étapes et les solutions utilisées pour l?alignement des pôles avant brasage. Les problèmes rencontrés, notamment en raison de la relaxation de contraintes lors du cycle thermique de brasage sont discutés. Enfin, les choix techniques retenus pour la fabrication des RFQ pour le projet Linac4 sont présentés.

Interleukin-6 but not soluble adhesion molecules has short-term ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Interleukin-6 but not soluble adhesion molecules has short-term prognostic value on mortality in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. ZX Fan, Q Hua, J Tan, J Gao, RK Liu, Z Yang ...

Ambassadeur du Royaume-Uni de Portugal et Brésil à Washington, 1816-20

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Iglésias

1977-09-01

Full Text Available BOURDON, Léon. José Corrêa da Serra. Ambassadeur du Royaume-Uni de Portugal et Brésil à Washington, 1816-20. Paris: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian. Centro Cultural Português. 1975. (primeiro parágrafo do texto Afirmar que a série "A evolução da humanidade" tem dado, desde sua fundação, por Henri Berr, contribuição das mais expressivas para o estudo da História, é, um truísmo. As dezenas de títulos já publicados constituem-se em prova substantiva, eliminando a necessidade de qualquer adjetivação. A chamada História Judaica tem sido privilegiada na coleção. As obras de Lods e de Guignebert, notadamente Israel, das origens até meados do século VIII, do primeiro, já ultrapassaram os estreitos limites do mundo acadêmico, para adquirirem o status de leitura indispensável para qualquer interessado no tema. Rigorosamente, a obra de Feuerwerker, não pode ser colocada lado a lado com as acima referidas. Dificilmente poderíamos classificá-la como obra de síntese — pelo menos de grande síntese. Pelo contrário, é um trabalho de minuciosa elaboração, fruto de longa pesquisa documental e centrada num tema específico.

Diasporas, transnationalisme et engagement : tamouls et cinghalais ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Diasporas, transnationalisme et engagement : tamouls et cinghalais au Canada et leurs liens avec le Sri Lanka. Ce projet examinera le rôle du financement et des réseaux de la diaspora dans le conflit ethnopolitique au Sri Lanka, en étudiant les réseaux des collectivités transnationales tamoule et cinghalaise au Canada ...

Bach2 represses the AP-1-driven induction of interleukin-2 gene transcription in CD4+ T cells

OpenAIRE

Jang, Eunkyeong; Lee, Hye Rim; Lee, Geon Hee; Oh, Ah-Reum; Cha, Ji-Young; Igarashi, Kazuhiko; Youn, Jeehee

2017-01-01

The transcription repressor Bach2 has been proposed as a regulator of T cell quiescence, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Given the importance of interleukin-2 in T cell activation, we investigated whether Bach2 is a component of the network of factors that regulates interleukin-2 expression. In primary and transformed CD4+ T cells, Bach2 overexpression counteracted T cell receptor/CD28- or PMA/ionomycin-driven induction of interleukin-2 expression, and silencing of Bach2...

Arfiputri et al., Afr., J. Infect. Dis.

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Dharin Serebrina Arfiputri

2017-10-20

Oct 20, 2017 ... Diagnosis of VVC are from history taking, physical examination (Linhares et al, 2001; ... From the appearance of vaginal discharge usually minimal, ... (69.48%), and the rest are not yet married, divorce and widow, not yet.

Elevage et alimentation du cerf (Cervus Elaphus) : 2. Elevage des jeunes et production de viande

OpenAIRE

THERIEZ , M.

1989-01-01

La croissance des animaux, de la naissance à l’âge adulte, ainsi que les caractéristiques de la carcasse des cerfs sont présentées dans cet article. Le jeune faon qui pèse de 8 à 9 kg à la naissance, a une croissance rapide pendant la phase d’alimentation lactée. Cette croissance varie entre 250 et 450 g/j selon le niveau alimentaire de sa mère. Elle dépend également du sexe du faon (+ 20 à + 50 g/j pour les mâles par rapport aux femelles) et de son poids à la naissance (1 kg supplémentaire l...

Bacillus anthracis-derived edema toxin (ET counter-regulates movement of neutrophils and macromolecules through the endothelial paracellular pathway

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nguyen Chinh

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background A common finding amongst patients with inhalational anthrax is a paucity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs in infected tissues in the face of abundant circulating PMNs. A major virulence determinant of anthrax is edema toxin (ET, which is formed by the combination of two proteins produced by the organism, edema factor (EF, which is an adenyl cyclase, and protective antigen (PA. Since cAMP, a product of adenyl cyclase, is known to enhance endothelial barrier integrity, we asked whether ET might decrease extravasation of PMNs into tissues through closure of the paracellular pathway through which PMNs traverse. Results Pretreatment of human microvascular endothelial cell(ECs of the lung (HMVEC-L with ET decreased interleukin (IL-8-driven transendothelial migration (TEM of PMNs with a maximal reduction of nearly 60%. This effect required the presence of both EF and PA. Conversely, ET did not diminish PMN chemotaxis in an EC-free system. Pretreatment of subconfluent HMVEC-Ls decreased transendothelial 14 C-albumin flux by ~ 50% compared to medium controls. Coadministration of ET with either tumor necrosis factor-α or bacterial lipopolysaccharide, each at 100 ng/mL, attenuated the increase of transendothelial 14 C-albumin flux caused by either agent alone. The inhibitory effect of ET on TEM paralleled increases in protein kinase A (PKA activity, but could not be blocked by inhibition of PKA with either H-89 or KT-5720. Finally, we were unable to replicate the ET effect with either forskolin or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, two agents known to increase cAMP. Conclusions We conclude that ET decreases IL-8-driven TEM of PMNs across HMVEC-L monolayers independent of cAMP/PKA activity.

Interleukin-7 deficiency in rheumatoid arthritis

OpenAIRE

Leonard, Warren J

2004-01-01

Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is a stromal factor that is crucial for the development of T lymphocytes in humans and mice, and also B lymphocytes in mice. IL-7 can act as a T cell growth factor as well as a critical anti-apoptotic survival factor. The essential non-redundant role of this cytokine for T cell development in vivo is indicated by the phenotype of murine knockout models as well as by humans with a T-B+NK+ form of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) resulting from mutations in IL-7 rece...

Evaluation of accuracy and uncertainty of ELISA assays for the determination of interleukin-4, interleukin-5, interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Borg, Lone; Kristiansen, Jesper; Christensen, Jytte M

2002-01-01

. However, models for establishing the traceability and uncertainty of immunoassay results are lacking. Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were developed for determination of the human cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-5 (IL-5), interferon-y (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha...... (TNF-alpha). The accuracy of each of the assays was evaluated in the ranges of 1-15 microg/l (IL-4), 0.001-1 microg/l (IL-5), 0.5-2.5 microg/l (IFN-T) and 0.14-2.2 microg/l (TNF-alpha). Other evaluated performance characteristics were the limit of detection (LOD), immunological specificity......) of the assessed ELISAs was found to be in the range of 11-18%, except for IL-5 where RSDA increased at decreasing concentrations. The LOD was 0.12 microg/l, 0.0077 microg/l, 0.0069 microg/l and 0.0063 microg/l for IL-4, IL-5, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha, respectively. Traceability to the WHO IS was established...

The role of cortisol and interleukin-10 gene expression patterns in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences ... were detected using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction method. ... and interleukin-10 genes to reinstate homeostasis through modulation of the immune response.

De la ferme à la fourchette : liens entre productivité, nutrition et santé ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

20 sept. 2013 ... Ce projet met à l'essai une démarche qui va « de la ferme à la fourchette » et qui établit des liens entre l'agriculture, d'une part, et la santé et la nutrition, d'autre part, pour s'attaquer aux problèmes que pose la sécurité alimentaire au Guyana, à Trinité-et-Tobago, à Saint-Kitts-et-Nevis. et à Sainte-Lucie.

Therapeutic Applications of Interleukin 24 (IL24): A Review ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

IL24 has growth suppressive properties in a wide variety of human cancer cell lines without inducing harmful effects in normal cells. This review is focused on the role of IL 24 on tumor cell biology and its potential therapeutic applications. Keywords: Melanoma differentiation, Protein, Therapeutics, Interleukin, ...

Community Work Programme réduit la pauvreté et la violence ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

20 juil. 2016 ... Dans cet Histoire à succès, l'initiative Villes sûres et inclusives souligne comment le travail et les salaires offerts par ce programme communautaire ont influencé les niveaux de criminalité et de violence dans six localités. Les recherches menées par le Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation ...

2.0'erne - den sociale uddannelsespraksis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Buhl, Mie

2010-01-01

.0, Didaktik 2.0 og e-Læring på web 2.0 viser alle hen til en pågående proces, hvor det handler om at finde frem til pædagogikker og didaktikker, der kan matche teknologiens potentialer. Web 2.0 er ikke alene det, der udspiller sig ved at aktivere et interface. Interfacet er omgivet af digitale artefakter, der...

Detection of levels of serum interleukin-10 and plasma endothelin in children with or without atopic asthma and their clinical significances

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Xuehua; Liu Li; Qiao Hongmei; Li Ya'nan; Lu Qinghua; Cheng Huanji

2012-01-01

Objective: To observe the changes of the levels of serum interleukin-10 (Il-10), plasma endothelin (Et-1) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) in children with or without a topic asthma and to discuss their clinical significances. Methods: 60 asthma children conducted the Allergen skin prick tests and serum IgE measurement to determine a topic status at the same time, and they were divided into a topic asthma group (n=32) and non-a topic asthma group (n=28) according to the results. 30 normal healthy children were selected as control group. The expressions of Et-1 and IgE in the asthma children during attack period and remission phase and the children in control group were detected by radioimmunoassay and the levels of serum Il-10 were detected by the double antibody sandwich ELISA. Results: The level of serum Il-10 in the asthma children in the acute attack period was lower than those in control group (P<0.01), and the level of Et-1 was higher obviously than that in control group (P<0.05); the levels of IgE in the asthma children in the acute attack period and remission phase in asthma groups were obviously higher than that in control group (P<0.01). The levels of Et-1 and IgE of the a topic asthma children in acute attack period were higher than those of the atopic asthma children in remission phase, and the level of IL-10 was lower (P<0.01). The levels of serum IL-10 in atopic of the acute attack period was lower than that in non-atopic group (P<0.05), and the levels of the ET-1 and IgE of the patients in the acute attack period and remission phase in atopic group were higher than those in non-atopic group (P<0.05). The relationship between IL-10 level and ET-1 and IgE showed obviously negative correlations (r=-0.592, r=-0.894, P<0.05), and the relationship between ET-1 and IgE showed obviously positive correlation (r=-0.623, P<0.05). Conclusion: The levels of serum IL-10 and ET-1 perhaps take part in the pathologic and physiological process of the children's asthma

Le primitif et le mystique chez Lévy-Bruhl, Bergson et Bataille.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Frédéric Keck

2004-04-01

Full Text Available L’assimilation du fou, du primitif et de l’enfant a été souvent analysée comme une opposition de l’archaïque par rapport au civilisé ou du normal par rapport au pathologique. On veut montrer ici que le mystique s’ajoute à cette liste, celle-ci désignant alors plutôt des figures de l’altérité qui défient la raison. On étudie alors les liens entre la figure du primitif et celle du mystique dans la sociologie de Lévy-Bruhl, la métaphysique de Bergson et la pratique littéraire de Bataille. Par-delà les divergences entre ces trois œuvres, on montre que le lien entre primitif et mystique vise à élargir le champ de l’expérience en l’ouvrant à une altérité radicale, et en même temps prépare le terrain pour cette expérience vide et formelle que pensera le structuralisme.French human sciences at the beginning of the 20th century used to assimilate the figures of the mad person, the primitive and the child. The Author shows that this assimilation should not be interpreted in the sense of an opposition between the archaic and the developed, or the normal and the pathological, but, once the figure of the mystic is added to this list, in the sense of an opposition between rationality and its other. Three examples allows to analyse the link between the figures of the primitive and the mystic : the sociology of Lévy-Bruhl, the metaphysics of Bergson, the literature of Bataille. Through the reading of these three works, the Author shows that the link between the figures of the primitive and the mystic allows to think a larger experience by opening it to an alterity, and at the same time prepares the ground for an empty and formal experience that will be explored by structuralism.

The short-term effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the circulating levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in patients with chronic periodontitis.

Science.gov (United States)

George, Annie Kitty; Janam, Prasanthila

2013-01-01

Recent epidemiological studies have shown that periodontal infection is a risk factor for a number of systemic diseases and conditions. In addition to the conventional risk factors, chronic infection and the subsequent generation of a systemic inflammatory response may be associated with this increased risk. This study was conducted to determine whether the presence of chronic periodontitis and subsequent non-surgical periodontal therapy could influence the serum levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with severe chronic generalized periodontitis. Participants were selected from subjects who attended the Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantololgy, Government Dental College, Thiruvananthapuram. Sera were obtained from 25 patients with periodontitis for baseline examination and reassessment after completion of treatment. As a control, sera were also obtained from 20 subjects without periodontitis. Interleukin-6 was determined by sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) was measured using latex turbidometric immunoassay. Data were analyzed using computer software, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 10. The level of interleukin-6 and hsCRP in the sera of periodontitis patients was seen to be higher than those of healthy controls. Interleukin-6 level tended to decrease with improvement of the periodontal condition following treatment and approached that of control subjects, and this decline was statistically significant. The hsCRP levels also showed a decreasing trend following periodontal treatment. In this study, we were able to show that periodontal disease significantly affects the serum levels of systemic inflammatory markers and that non-surgical periodontal therapy could bring about a decrease in the levels of these inflammatory markers.

Perioperativ vaeskebehandling--hvad nyt?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Holte, Kathrine; Kehlet, Henrik

2008-01-01

Limited evidence on perioperative fluid management has resulted in large variability in administered fluid regimens with unknown implications for the outcome. Present data indicate fluid overload and hypovolemia to be equally deleterious, and individualized fluid therapy may be recommended in hig......-risk patients undergoing major elective surgery. Future studies should be procedure-specific and with standardized perioperative management with increased focus on the postoperative period. Udgivelsesdato: 2008-Apr-7......Limited evidence on perioperative fluid management has resulted in large variability in administered fluid regimens with unknown implications for the outcome. Present data indicate fluid overload and hypovolemia to be equally deleterious, and individualized fluid therapy may be recommended in high...

USA og Kina lægger med forskellig strategi an til forhandlinger med Nordkorea

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nørup Sørensen, Camilla Tenna

2017-01-01

Der har de seneste uger været en massiv dækning i danske medier af Nordkorea og det lukkede lands bestræbelser på at udvikle langtrækkende missiler og atomvåben. Der har ikke været mangel på dommedagsscenarier og fremstillinger af den nordkoreanske leder Kim Jong-Un som en irrationel og uberegnel......, er også gået lige ind hjulpet ekstra på vej af USA’s angreb i Syrien, som foregik, mens Trump havde den kinesiske præsident Xi Jinping til middag i Florida. Men er der egentlig så meget nyt?...

Indsats for forældre til børn med ADHD

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Neubert, Katja

2012-01-01

Et nyt review, udarbejdet af forskergruppen omkring Morris Zwi, undersøger om interventionsprogrammer til forældre til børn med ADHD er effektive, når det gælder reducering af børnenes ADHD-relaterede adfærd og associerede problemer som eksempelvis indlæringsproblemer. Reviewet peger på, at en...... indsats til forældre til børn med ADHD kan have en gavnlig effekt på børnenes adfærd. Interventionen kan også være med til at sænke stressniveauet hos forældre til disse børn, og forbedre forældrenes selvtillid....

Les rôles sexospécifiques et la violence dans les villes | CRDI ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

20 oct. 2017 ... Une croissance rapide et des identités sexuelles ancrées favorisent la violence ... services des villes mettent les femmes et les minorités sexuelles en danger. .... Une étude de cas sur les femmes et les transports à Guwahati ...

Effect of the use of snuff on the levels of interleukin-1 β and interleukin-8 in the gingival crevicular fluid of periodontitis patients

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vijayendra Pandey

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Use of smokeless tobacco in the form of moist snuff placed in the oral cavity is popular in rural India. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to determine the effect of snuff on periodontitis by assessing interleukin (IL-1 β and IL-8 levels in gingival crevicular fluid. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 subjects were selected for this study. 40 subjects presented with periodontitis, which included 20 snuff users (SP and 20 nonsnuff users (NS. 20 periodontally healthy patients formed the controls (healthy control: HC. The clinical parameters recorded were gingival index (GI, plaque index, calculus index, bleeding on probing (BOP, probing depth (PD, recession (RC, and clinical attachment level (CAL. The IL-1 β and IL-8 levels were assessed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Quantikine ®. Analysis of variance (ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey′s, Kruskal-Walli′s ANOVA and Mann-Whitney test was used for comparison among groups and P > 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: No significant difference was seen in levels of IL-1 β and IL-8 between SP and NS groups (P = 0.16, 0.97. However, both the periodontitis groups (SP and NS had increased IL-β levels when compared to HC group (P = 0.01, 0.001. The snuff users showed significant increase in GI, BOP, RC, and CAL when compared with NS (P = 0.002, 0.001, 0.012, 0.002 whereas NS group had significant increase in PD (P = 0.003. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, use of snuff does not affect the host inflammatory response associated with periodontitis and leads to RC and increased CAL due to local irritant effect.

Napping reverses the salivary interleukin-6 and urinary norepinephrine changes induced by sleep restriction.

Science.gov (United States)

Faraut, Brice; Nakib, Samir; Drogou, Catherine; Elbaz, Maxime; Sauvet, Fabien; De Bandt, Jean-Pascal; Léger, Damien

2015-03-01

Neuroendocrine and immune stresses imposed by chronic sleep restriction are known to be involved in the harmful cardiovascular effects associated with poor sleep. Despite a well-known beneficial effect of napping on alertness, its effects on neuroendocrine stress and immune responses after sleep restriction are largely unknown. This study was a strictly controlled (sleep-wake status, light environment, caloric intake), crossover, randomized design in continuously polysomnography-monitored subjects. The study was conducted in a laboratory-based study. The subjects were 11 healthy young men. We investigated the effects on neuroendocrine and immune biomarkers of a night of sleep restricted to 2 h followed by a day without naps or with 30 minute morning and afternoon naps, both conditions followed by an ad libitum recovery night starting at 20:00. Salivary interleukin-6 and urinary catecholamines were assessed throughout the daytime study periods. The increase in norepinephrine values seen at the end of the afternoon after the sleep-restricted night was not present when the subjects had the opportunity to take naps. Interleukin-6 changes observed after sleep deprivation were also normalized after napping. During the recovery day in the no-nap condition, there were increased levels of afternoon epinephrine and dopamine, which was not the case in the nap condition. A recovery night after napping was associated with a reduced amount of slow-wave sleep compared to after the no-nap condition. Our data suggest that napping has stress-releasing and immune effects. Napping could be easily applied in real settings as a countermeasure to the detrimental health consequences of sleep debt.

Comparative resilience of soil and natural zeolite against adverse features of a municipal sewage. A preliminary investigation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Buondonno, A.; Coppola, E.; Capra, G.F.; De Riso, S.; Duras, M.G.; Selis, G.; Vacca, S.; Colella, C.

2008-01-01

A research was started aiming at evaluating the possible use of natural zeolites as exchange conditioners to improve and make durable the soil resilience against the adverse effects of the use of anomalous waters for irrigation purposes. This paper deals with a preliminary investigation on the comparative resilience of an Entisol with poor exchange properties and of a Neapolitan yellow tuff (NYT) sample against the adverse features of a dirty municipal sewage (DSW). Results showed that NYT treatment largely and significantly improved the poor soil exchange activity. In particular. NYT exchange sites selectively took up ammonium from DSW. As a consequence, ammonium was trapped, then protected against losses in the environment and, concurrently, exchangeable cations, such as K and Ca, were made free as plant nutrients. The results highlight the possible positive role of zeolitized tuff in restoring and sustaining soil resilience.

Increased level of interleukin-13, but not interleukin-4 and interferon-γ in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Science.gov (United States)

Nabavi, M; Arshi, S; Bahrami, A; Aryan, Z; Bemanian, M H; Esmaeilzadeh, H; Jalali, F; Pousti, S B; Rezaei, N

2014-01-01

This study was performed to investigate the serum level of interleukin (IL)-13, IL-4, and interferon (IFN)-γ in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and subsequent inflammation pattern and comorbidities including asthma and aspirin intolerance. A case-control study was conducted on 60 adult patients with CRSwNP with mean age of 37.7±12.7 (ranging from 18 to 70) years, and on 20 healthy controls. Serum levels of IL-13, IL-4, and IFN-γ were assessed, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to be compared between case and control groups. Serum level of total immunoglobulin (Ig) E was also assessed in the patients with CRSwNP. Serum level of IL-13 in the patients with CRSwNP was significantly higher than the controls (0.98±1.56 vs. 0.34±0.16 pg/ml, respectively, p=0.002). IL-4 and IFN-γ did not differ significantly between the two groups. Total IgE level was significantly increased in the patients with CRSwNP, compared to the normal values (301.43±516.54 IU/ml, p=0.033). Among the patients with CRSwNP, 12/60 (20%) had aspirin intolerance and 44/60 (73.3%) had asthma. IgE was also higher in asthmatics than non-asthmatics patients (364.9±586.6 vs. 126.7±135.7, respectively, p=0.015). Patients with aspirin intolerance had higher levels of IFN-γ (4.7±1.4 vs. 4.1±0.6, respectively, p=0.022). IL-13 with high level of total IgE was observed in the patients with CRSwNP, which predisposes them to have concomitant asthma. IFN-γ seems to be down-regulated in the patients with CRSwNP, but could be over-expressed in the presence of aspirin intolerance. Copyright © 2013 SEICAP. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.

Molecular cloning and functional characterization of avian interleukin-19

Science.gov (United States)

The present study describes the cloning and functional characterization of avian interleukin (IL)-19, a cytokine that, in mammals, alters the balance of Th1 and Th2 cells in favor of the Th2 phenotype. The full-length avian IL-19 gene, located on chromosome 26, was amplified from LPS-stimulated chi...

Effect of ultrasound on the interleukin content in blood of rats with experimental inflammation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nurishchenko, N.Je.

2015-01-01

The aim was to determine the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory action of ultrasound by the interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha content in the blood of rats with experimental inflammation. The study was performed using conventional models of inflammation - carrageenan- induced edema of the limbs of rats. Content interleukins Il-6 and Il-8 were determined by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) according to a standard protocol Immunoassay kit, Biosourse (USA). The content of TNF-α was determined by cytotoxic effect on sensitive mouse fibroblast line L- 929. It was shown that in the group of rats with carrageenan-induced edema contents of IL-6 increase in 2.8 times, IL-8 - in 5.6 times, and TNF-α- in 3 times compared to the control. Course influence of ultra sound contributed to reduction of the studied parameters. The content of IL-6 decreased in 1.7 times, IL-8 and TNF-α- in 1.6 times in comparison with inflammation

Variants in the interleukin 8 gene and the response to inhaled bronchodilators in cystic fibrosis.

Science.gov (United States)

Furlan, Larissa Lazzarini; Ribeiro, José Dirceu; Bertuzzo, Carmen Sílvia; Salomão Junior, João Batista; Souza, Dorotéia Rossi Silva; Marson, Fernando Augusto Lima

Interleukin 8 protein promotes inflammatory responses, even in airways. The presence of interleukin 8 gene variants causes altered inflammatory responses and possibly varied responses to inhaled bronchodilators. Thus, this study analyzed the interleukin 8 variants (rs4073, rs2227306, and rs2227307) and their association with the response to inhaled bronchodilators in cystic fibrosis patients. Analysis of interleukin 8 gene variants was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism of polymerase chain reaction. The association between spirometry markers and the response to inhaled bronchodilators was evaluated by Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The analysis included all cystic fibrosis patients, and subsequently patients with two mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene belonging to classes I to III. This study included 186 cystic fibrosis patients. There was no association of the rs2227307 variant with the response to inhaled bronchodilators. The rs2227306 variant was associated with FEF 50% in the dominant group and in the group with two identified mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene. The rs4073 variant was associated with spirometry markers in four genetic models: co-dominant (FEF 25-75% and FEF 75% ), dominant (FEV 1 , FEF 50% , FEF 75% , and FEF 25-75% ), recessive (FEF 75% and FEF 25-75% ), and over-dominant (FEV 1 /FVC). This study highlighted the importance of the rs4073 variant of the interleukin 8 gene, regarding response to inhaled bronchodilators, and of the assessment of mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene. Copyright © 2017 Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

The role of the interleukin-10 subfamily members in immunoglobulin production by human B cells

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hummelshoj, L; Ryder, L P; Poulsen, Lars K.

2006-01-01

Interleukin (IL)-10 has been shown to have various effects on B cells, including positively affecting the production of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG. Several human IL-10-related molecules have been identified. These include IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, IL-26, IL-28 and IL-29. To determine...... the effects of the IL-10 analogues on the class switch recombination in B cells, we analysed Ig production from naïve B cells stimulated with these cytokines in the presence of anti-CD40. None of the cytokines were found to induce Ig production by themselves in the presence of anti-CD40 Ab. However, all...... cytokines inhibited the production of IgA and IgG induced by anti-CD40 Ab alone. In combination with anti-CD40 Ab and IL-4, IgG4 were inhibited in cultures stimulated with IL-20, IL-22, IL-26, IL-28 and IL-29 compared with IL-4 and anti-CD40 Ab alone, whereas all IL-10 analogues increased the production...

Doomsday Cancelled: Trump is Good News for Allies and World Peace

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jakobsen, Peter Viggo

2017-01-01

artikel som argumenterer for at Trump er godt nyt for verdensfreden, fordi hans uberegnelighed skræmmer USA allierede til at øge forsvarsbudgetterne og USAs fjender til at skrue ned for deres militære provokationer.......artikel som argumenterer for at Trump er godt nyt for verdensfreden, fordi hans uberegnelighed skræmmer USA allierede til at øge forsvarsbudgetterne og USAs fjender til at skrue ned for deres militære provokationer....

In vitro expansion of the murine pluripotent hemopoietic stem cell population in response to interleukin 3 and interleukin 6. Application to bone marrow transplantation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Okano, A.; Suzuki, C.; Takatsuki, F.

1989-01-01

The synergistic action of interleukin 6 with interleukin 3 on the proliferation of a murine hemopoietic stem cell population in a short-term liquid culture system was examined by radioprotective assay. The numbers of colony-forming units in spleen (CFU-S), together with granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming units and viable nucleated cells, were found to increase markedly in culture in the presence of both IL-3 and IL-6, compared with the presence of IL-3 or IL-6 alone. The peak CFU-S value in response to the combination of IL-3 and IL-6 was obtained 6 days after culture initiation, exceeding 5-fold of the input value. Consistent with these data, marrow cells cultured with both IL-3 and IL-6 for 6 days were shown to have a much higher capability of rescuing lethally irradiated mice than did controls. The results may portend the potential clinical use of the combination of IL-3 and IL-6, in particular, in bone marrow transplantation

172 Toxicité aigüe et effet aphrodisiaque de l'extrait aqueux de ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

DELL

Matériel animal. Des souris mâles de souche albinos suisse de poids compris entre20 et 25 g et des rats albinos (mâle et femelle) de souche wistar de poids compris entre 150 et .... Vigilance. +. +. +. +. -. - -. Nombre de morts. 0. 0. 0. 0. 03. 04. A : Absent ; N : Normal ; + : Oui ; - : très faible ; -- : Pas de réaction ; D : diminution ...

Le Domaine des Co-infections et des Maladies Concomitantes du Réseau Canadien pour les Essais VIH des IRSC : Lignes Directrices Canadiennes pour la Prise en Charge et le Traitement de la Co-Infection par le VIH et l’Hépatite C chez les Adultes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mark Hull

2014-01-01

Full Text Available HISTORIQUE: De 20 % à 30 % des Canadiens qui vivent avec le VIH sont co-infectés par le virus de l’hépatite C (VHC, lequel est responsable d’une morbidité et d’une mortalité importantes. La prise en charge du VIH et du VHC est plus complexe en raison de l’évolution accélérée de la maladie hépatique, du choix et des critères d’initiation de la thérapie antirétrovirale et du traitement anti-VHC, de la prise en charge de la santé mentale et des toxicomanies, des obstacles socioéconomiques et des interactions entre les nouvelles thérapies antivirales à action directe du VHC et les antirétroviraux

Characterization of linear mimetic peptides of Interleukin-22 from dissection of protein interfaces.

Science.gov (United States)

La Manna, Sara; Scognamiglio, Pasqualina Liana; Di Natale, Concetta; Leone, Marilisa; Mercurio, Flavia Anna; Malfitano, Anna Maria; Cianfarani, Francesca; Madonna, Stefania; Caravella, Sergio; Albanesi, Cristina; Novellino, Ettore; Marasco, Daniela

2017-07-01

Interleukin-22 (IL-22) belongs to the family of IL-10 cytokines and is involved in a wide number of human diseases, including inflammatory disorders and cancer pathology. The ligand-receptor complex IL-22/IL-22R plays a key role in several pathways especially in the regulation and resolution of immune responses. The identification of novel compounds able to modulate IL-22/IL-22R complex could open the route to new therapeutic strategies in multiple human diseases. In this study, we designed and characterized IL-22 derived peptides at protein interface regions: several sequences revealed able to interfere with the protein complex with IC 50 in the micromolar range as evaluated through Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) experiments. Their conformational characterization was carried out through Circular Dichroism (CD) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopies, shedding new light into the features of IL-22 fragments and on structural determinants of IL-22/IL-22R1 recognition. Finally, several peptides were tested on human keratinocyte cultures for evaluating their ability to mimic the activation of molecular pathways downstream to IL-22R in response to IL-22 binding. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. and Société Française de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire (SFBBM). All rights reserved.

Interleukin-18 and interleukin-18 Binding Protein

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Charles eDinarello

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Interleukin-18 (IL 18 is a member of the IL 1 family of cytokines. Increasing reports have expanded the role of IL 18 in mediating inflammation in animal models of disease using IL 18 deficient mice, neutralization of IL 18 or deficiency in the IL 18 receptor alpha chain. Similar to IL 1β, IL 18 is synthesized as an inactive precursor requiering processing by caspase 1 into an active cytokine but unlike IL 1β, the IL 18 precursor is constitutively present in nearly all cells in healthy humans and animals. The activity of IL 18 is balanced by the presence of a high-affinity naturally occuring IL 18 binding protein (IL 18BP. In humans, disease increased disease severity can be associated with an imbalance of IL 18 to IL 18BP such that the levels of free IL 18 are elevated in the circulation. A role for IL 18 has been implicated in several autoimmune diseases, myocardial function, emphysema, metabolic syndromes, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, hemophagocytic syndromes, macrophage activation syndrome, sepsis and acute kidney injury, although in some diseases, IL 18 is protective. IL 18 plays a major role in the production of interferon-g from natural killer cells. The IL 18BP has been used safely in humans and clinical trials of IL 18BP as well as neutralizing anti-IL 18 antibodies are in clinical trials. This review updates the biology of IL 18 as well as its role in human disease

Séroprévalence et facteurs associés au VIH et aux hépatites virales B et C dans la ville de Bafoussam au Cameroun

Science.gov (United States)

Mbopi-Keou, Francois-Xavier; Nkala, Isabelle Vanessa Monthe; Kalla, Ginette Claude Mireille; Nguefack-Tsague, Georges; Kamga, Hortense Gonsu; Noubom, Michel; Mvogo, Côme Ebana; Sosso, Maurice Aurelien

2015-01-01

Introduction L'objectif de ce travail était de déterminer la séroprévalence et les facteurs associés au VIH et aux hépatites virales B et C dans la ville de Bafoussam au Cameroun. Méthodes Il s'agissait d'une étude descriptive et analytique réalisée de février 2012 à Juin 2012 dans la ville de Bafoussam au Cameroun. Pour cette étude, nous avons obtenu une clairance éthique. Résultats Au total, 982 personnes ont été dépistées pour le VIH et les hépatites virales B et C. Les femmes représentaient 56,3% des personnes dépistées. La tranche d’âge la plus représentée était celle des 20 à 24 ans. L’âge médian était de 34,5 ans. Les prévalences du VIH, de l'AgHBs, et de l'Ac anti HCV étaient respectivement de 6,0%, 4,1%, et 0,4%. La prévalence du VIH était 2 fois plus élevée parmi les femmes que les hommes avec 8,1% contre 3,5% (p=0,01). Les prévalences les plus élevées ont été observées chez les personnes de 30 à 34 ans, 40 à 44 ans avec 15,0% et 11,5% (p=0,01), les personnes sans emploi avec 11,1% (pVIH n’était pas directement liée aux comportements et pratiques sexuels de la population de l’étude. On enregistrait une prévalence élevée de 29,3% chez les individus ayant déclaré avoir au moins une infection sexuellement transmissible (p=0,000). Conclusion Il apparait urgent de mettre en place des stratégies de prévention contre le VIH, les hépatites virales et les facteurs associés au Cameroun. PMID:26113899

Opium addiction increases interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) in the coronary artery disease patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Saadat, Habibollah; Ziai, Seyed Ali; Ghanemnia, Maryam; Namazi, Mohammad Hasan; Safi, Morteza; Vakili, Hosein; Dabbagh, Ali; Gholami, Omid

2012-01-01

There is evidence that opium addiction has immunosuppressant effects. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a condition resulted from atherosclerosis which is dependent on the immune response. To evaluate plasma levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-1Ra in 30 patients with three-vessel coronary artery disease, ejection fraction of more than 35% and to evaluate their changes after prognostic treadmill test in 15 opium addicted and 15 non-addicted patients. The participants underwent prognostic treadmill test and plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1Ra (IL-1Ra) were evaluated with ELISA method before, just after and 4 hours after the test. IL-1Ra (2183 pg/ml) tended to decrease over time in the opium addicted group (1372 pg/ml after prognostic treadmill test and 1034 pg/ml 4 hours after that), although such decrease did not reach the statistical significance. IL-1Ra levels were significantly higher in opium addicted than in non addicted patients. Opium addiction had no significant effect on IL-6 changes. Consumption of opium in CAD patients is associated with higher IL-1Ra levels.

Opium addiction increases interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra in the coronary artery disease patients.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Habibollah Saadat

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: There is evidence that opium addiction has immunosuppressant effects. Coronary artery disease (CAD is a condition resulted from atherosclerosis which is dependent on the immune response. PURPOSE: To evaluate plasma levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-1Ra in 30 patients with three-vessel coronary artery disease, ejection fraction of more than 35% and to evaluate their changes after prognostic treadmill test in 15 opium addicted and 15 non-addicted patients. METHODS: The participants underwent prognostic treadmill test and plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6 and interleukin-1Ra (IL-1Ra were evaluated with ELISA method before, just after and 4 hours after the test. RESULTS: IL-1Ra (2183 pg/ml tended to decrease over time in the opium addicted group (1372 pg/ml after prognostic treadmill test and 1034 pg/ml 4 hours after that, although such decrease did not reach the statistical significance. IL-1Ra levels were significantly higher in opium addicted than in non addicted patients. Opium addiction had no significant effect on IL-6 changes. CONCLUSION: Consumption of opium in CAD patients is associated with higher IL-1Ra levels.

Interleukin-18 impairs the pulmonary host response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schultz, Marc J.; Knapp, Sylvia; Florquin, Sandrine; Pater, Jennie; Takeda, Kiyoshi; Akira, Shizuo; van der Poll, Tom

2003-01-01

Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a potent cytokine with many different proinflammatory activities. To study the role of IL-18 in the pathogenesis of Pseudomonas pneumonia, IL-18-deficient (IL-18(-/-)) and wild-type mice were intranasally inoculated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. IL-18 deficiency was

The Effect of Periodontitis on Expression of Interleukin-21: A Systematic Review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Archana Mootha

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Purpose. Inflammation and tissue breakdown are led by an array of inflammatory destructive mediators associated with initiation and progression of inflammatory diseases like periodontitis. Current evidence shows that these inflammatory mediators have a definitive role in the pathogenesis of various systemic diseases with an inflammatory component. Interleukin-21 (IL-21 has been associated with systemic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s disease that follow a chronic inflammatory cascade. Similarly recent studies have associated Interleukin-21 levels with periodontitis. This systematic review was aimed to assess the levels of IL-21 in subjects with periodontitis. Methods. A complete literature search was done in PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, and Cochrane databases and Google Scholar based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Six relevant articles were procured. Full text was read individually by two reviewers and data extraction was done based on STROBE statement. Results. After data extraction five observational and one interventional study were obtained. All the studies showed an increased expression of IL-21 in periodontitis and the interventional study showed reduction in IL-21 levels after nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSP. Conclusion. Interleukin-21 levels are higher in periodontitis than controls. With this limited evidence further longitudinal studies are required to consider this as a definitive inflammatory marker.

The Effect of Periodontitis on Expression of Interleukin-21: A Systematic Review

Science.gov (United States)

Mootha, Archana; Malaiappan, Sankari; Jayakumar, N. D.; Varghese, Sheeja S.; Toby Thomas, Julie

2016-01-01

Purpose. Inflammation and tissue breakdown are led by an array of inflammatory destructive mediators associated with initiation and progression of inflammatory diseases like periodontitis. Current evidence shows that these inflammatory mediators have a definitive role in the pathogenesis of various systemic diseases with an inflammatory component. Interleukin-21 (IL-21) has been associated with systemic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease that follow a chronic inflammatory cascade. Similarly recent studies have associated Interleukin-21 levels with periodontitis. This systematic review was aimed to assess the levels of IL-21 in subjects with periodontitis. Methods. A complete literature search was done in PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, and Cochrane databases and Google Scholar based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Six relevant articles were procured. Full text was read individually by two reviewers and data extraction was done based on STROBE statement. Results. After data extraction five observational and one interventional study were obtained. All the studies showed an increased expression of IL-21 in periodontitis and the interventional study showed reduction in IL-21 levels after nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSP). Conclusion. Interleukin-21 levels are higher in periodontitis than controls. With this limited evidence further longitudinal studies are required to consider this as a definitive inflammatory marker. PMID:26998377

13 CFR 302.20 - Civil rights.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 13 Business Credit and Assistance 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Civil rights. 302.20 Section 302... TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR INVESTMENT ASSISTANCE § 302.20 Civil rights. (a) Discrimination is prohibited... 601 of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.) (proscribing...

Transforming Growth Factor-β and Interleukin-1β Signaling Pathways Converge on the Chemokine CCL20 Promoter.

Science.gov (United States)

Brand, Oliver J; Somanath, Sangeeta; Moermans, Catherine; Yanagisawa, Haruhiko; Hashimoto, Mitsuo; Cambier, Stephanie; Markovics, Jennifer; Bondesson, Andrew J; Hill, Arthur; Jablons, David; Wolters, Paul; Lou, Jianlong; Marks, James D; Baron, Jody L; Nishimura, Stephen L

2015-06-05

CCL20 is the only chemokine ligand for the chemokine receptor CCR6, which is expressed by the critical antigen presenting cells, dendritic cells. Increased expression of CCL20 is likely involved in the increased recruitment of dendritic cells observed in fibroinflammatory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). CCL20 expression is increased by the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β. We have determined that IL-1β-dependent CCL20 expression is also dependent on the multifunctional cytokine TGF-β. TGF-β is expressed in a latent form that must be activated to function, and activation is achieved through binding to the integrin αvβ8 (itgb8). Here we confirm correlative increases in αvβ8 and IL-1β with CCL20 protein in lung parenchymal lysates of a large cohort of COPD patients. How IL-1β- and αvβ8-mediated TGF-β activation conspire to increase fibroblast CCL20 expression remains unknown, because these pathways have not been shown to directly interact. We evaluate the 5'-flanking region of CCL20 to determine that IL-1β-driven CCL20 expression is dependent on αvβ8-mediated activation of TGF-β. We identify a TGF-β-responsive element (i.e. SMAD) located on an upstream enhancer of the human CCL20 promoter required for efficient IL-1β-dependent CCL20 expression. By chromatin immunoprecipitation, this upstream enhancer complexes with the p50 subunit of NF-κB on a NF-κB-binding element close to the transcriptional start site of CCL20. These interactions are confirmed by electromobility shift assays in nuclear extracts from human lung fibroblasts. These data define a mechanism by which αvβ8-dependent activation of TGF-β regulates IL-1β-dependent CCL20 expression in COPD. © 2015 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Interleukin-15-mediated inflammation promotes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Cepero-Donates, Yuneivy; Lacraz, Grégory; Ghobadi, Farnaz; Rakotoarivelo, Volatiana; Orkhis, Sakina; Mayhue, Marian; Chen, Yi Guang; Rola-Pleszczynski, Marek; Menendez, Alfredo; Ilangumaran, Subburaj; Ramanathan, Sheela

2016-01-01

Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is essential for the homeostasis of lymphoid cells particularly memory CD8+ T cells and NK cells. These cells are abundant in the liver, and are implicated in obesity-associated pathogenic processes. Here we characterized obesity-associated metabolic and cellular changes in

Croissance de l'économie et débouchés économiques des femmes ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

... travail, elles peuvent également faire l'objet d'un manque de reconnaissance et de protection juridique, être confinées dans des emplois précaires et être victimes de violence et de harcèlement. Au Mexique, par exemple, 80 % des 20 millions de jeunes qui sont sans emploi et ne fréquentent pas l'école sont des femmes.

The short-term effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the circulating levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in patients with chronic periodontitis

Science.gov (United States)

George, Annie Kitty; Janam, Prasanthila

2013-01-01

Background: Recent epidemiological studies have shown that periodontal infection is a risk factor for a number of systemic diseases and conditions. In addition to the conventional risk factors, chronic infection and the subsequent generation of a systemic inflammatory response may be associated with this increased risk. Aims: This study was conducted to determine whether the presence of chronic periodontitis and subsequent non-surgical periodontal therapy could influence the serum levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with severe chronic generalized periodontitis. Settings and Design: Participants were selected from subjects who attended the Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantololgy, Government Dental College, Thiruvananthapuram. Materials and Methods: Sera were obtained from 25 patients with periodontitis for baseline examination and reassessment after completion of treatment. As a control, sera were also obtained from 20 subjects without periodontitis. Interleukin-6 was determined by sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) was measured using latex turbidometric immunoassay. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed using computer software, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 10. Results: The level of interleukin-6 and hsCRP in the sera of periodontitis patients was seen to be higher than those of healthy controls. Interleukin-6 level tended to decrease with improvement of the periodontal condition following treatment and approached that of control subjects, and this decline was statistically significant. The hsCRP levels also showed a decreasing trend following periodontal treatment. Conclusions: In this study, we were able to show that periodontal disease significantly affects the serum levels of systemic inflammatory markers and that non-surgical periodontal therapy could bring about a decrease in the levels of these inflammatory markers. PMID:23633770

The short-term effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the circulating levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in patients with chronic periodontitis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Annie Kitty George

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Recent epidemiological studies have shown that periodontal infection is a risk factor for a number of systemic diseases and conditions. In addition to the conventional risk factors, chronic infection and the subsequent generation of a systemic inflammatory response may be associated with this increased risk. Aims: This study was conducted to determine whether the presence of chronic periodontitis and subsequent non-surgical periodontal therapy could influence the serum levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP in patients with severe chronic generalized periodontitis. Settings and Design: Participants were selected from subjects who attended the Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantololgy, Government Dental College, Thiruvananthapuram. Materials and Methods: Sera were obtained from 25 patients with periodontitis for baseline examination and reassessment after completion of treatment. As a control, sera were also obtained from 20 subjects without periodontitis. Interleukin-6 was determined by sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP was measured using latex turbidometric immunoassay. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed using computer software, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 10. Results: The level of interleukin-6 and hsCRP in the sera of periodontitis patients was seen to be higher than those of healthy controls. Interleukin-6 level tended to decrease with improvement of the periodontal condition following treatment and approached that of control subjects, and this decline was statistically significant. The hsCRP levels also showed a decreasing trend following periodontal treatment. Conclusions: In this study, we were able to show that periodontal disease significantly affects the serum levels of systemic inflammatory markers and that non-surgical periodontal therapy could bring about a decrease in the levels of these inflammatory markers.

Construction and characterization in vitro of a bicistronic retroviral vector coding endostatin and interleukin-2 for use in gene therapy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Calvo, Fernanda Bernardes

2009-01-01

Gene therapy has been used in preclinical studies and clinical trials in order to alleviate or cure a disease. Retroviral vectors are a tool for gene transfer is widely used. Bicistronic vectors are an attractive alternative for treatment of complex diseases. A variety of options exists to simultaneously express two genes in genetically modified cells. The most common approach relies on bicistronic vectors in which the genes are linked to each other by an internal ribosome entry site allowing co-translational expression of both cistrons. Endostatin, the C-terminal fragment of collagen XVIII, is a potent angiogenesis inhibitor. At present, ES has been widely used in anti-angiogenic in a variety of experimental tumor models, and clinical trials to test it as an anti-tumor agent are already under way. Immunotherapy has been used as adjuvant treatment for tumors and has been used in several preclinical studies and clinical trials. The objective of this project was to construct and characterize 'in vitro' an IRES-based bicistronic retroviral vector encoding endostatin and interleukin-2. The construction of the vector was performed in three stages, the final construction was analyzed by restriction analysis and sequencing. Packaging cells were prepared. The endostatin and interleukin-2 levels were determined by Dot blot. Monocistronic and bicistronic mRNA expression were analyzed by real time RT-PCR. Bicistronic vector showed high levels of virus trites, ranging from 4.20x10 5 to 1.53x10 6 UFC/ml. Secreted levels of endostatin and interleukin-2 ranged from 1.08 to 2.08μg/10 6 cells.24h and 0.66 - 0.89μg/10 6 cells.24h, respectively. The mRNA expression of ES in the NIH3T3 clone pLend-IRES-IL2SN was 2 times higher than the level presented by the NIH3T3 clone pLendSN. The endostatin promoted inhibition (40%) of endothelial cell proliferation. Interleukin-2 promoted a proliferation of 10.6% lymphocytes CD4 and 8.9% of CD8. We conclude that the IRES bicistronic vector

Da abort ikke var en sag for kvinden

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Schultz, Annette Østergaard

2013-01-01

Case fra tiden før 1973, hvor der ikke var fri abort i Danmark. Sagen er fundet i Mødrehjælpens arkiv og giver som andre sager indblik i kvindens situation. Led i serien: Nyt i arkivet.......Case fra tiden før 1973, hvor der ikke var fri abort i Danmark. Sagen er fundet i Mødrehjælpens arkiv og giver som andre sager indblik i kvindens situation. Led i serien: Nyt i arkivet....

Intro til Learning Analytics & datainformeret undervisning og læring

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ringtved, Ulla Lunde

Introduktion til Learning Analytics – Modeller og eksempler fra forskningsfeltet Learning Analytics. Data fra ny opgavetyper, ny kompetencer, nyt læringsudbytte. Nye Målemetoder – Hvad er det vi vil måle – Hvordan viser vi det?......Introduktion til Learning Analytics – Modeller og eksempler fra forskningsfeltet Learning Analytics. Data fra ny opgavetyper, ny kompetencer, nyt læringsudbytte. Nye Målemetoder – Hvad er det vi vil måle – Hvordan viser vi det?...

Høflig umenneskelighed

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bentzen, Martin Mose

2015-01-01

Nyt hotel i Nagasaki tilbyder robotbetjening. Robotter kan lære at tale med gæsterne om præcis det, de finder interessant. Men er vi lykkeligere lukket inde i bløde bure af selvvalgt information?......Nyt hotel i Nagasaki tilbyder robotbetjening. Robotter kan lære at tale med gæsterne om præcis det, de finder interessant. Men er vi lykkeligere lukket inde i bløde bure af selvvalgt information?...

Daniel Cornu, Tous connectés ! Internet et les nouvelles frontières de l’info

OpenAIRE

Serrano, Yeny

2014-01-01

Médiateur des publications romandes du groupe Tamedia avec une expérience de journaliste et d’enseignant d’éthique du journalisme, Daniel Cornu analyse l’évolution du journalisme d’information suite à l’avènement du web 2.0. Le livre est très bien documenté avec des ouvrages classiques sur le journalisme (histoire et déontologie), des études récentes sur l’internet et le web 2.0 ainsi que des exemples concernant plusieurs pays dont la Suisse, la Belgique, la France et les États-Unis. Dans l’o...

The role of magma mixing/mingling and cumulate melting in the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff caldera-forming eruption (Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy)

Science.gov (United States)

Forni, Francesca; Petricca, Eleonora; Bachmann, Olivier; Mollo, Silvio; De Astis, Gianfilippo; Piochi, Monica

2018-06-01

Understanding the mechanisms responsible for the generation of chemical gradients in high-volume ignimbrites is key to retrieve information on the processes that control the maturation and eruption of large silicic magmatic reservoirs. Over the last 60 ky, two large ignimbrites showing remarkable zoning were emplaced during caldera-forming eruptions at Campi Flegrei (i.e., Campanian Ignimbrite, CI, 39 ka and Neapolitan Yellow Tuff, NYT, 15 ka). While the CI displays linear compositional, thermal and crystallinity gradients, the NYT is a more complex ignimbrite characterized by crystal-poor magmas ranging in composition from trachy-andesites to phonolites. By combining major and trace element compositions of matrix glasses and mineral phases from juvenile clasts located at different stratigraphic heights along the NYT pyroclastic sequence, we interpret such compositional gradients as the result of mixing/mingling between three different magmas: (1) a resident evolved magma showing geochemical characteristics of a melt extracted from a cumulate mush dominated by clinopyroxene, plagioclase and oxides with minor sanidine and biotite; (2) a hotter and more mafic magma from recharge providing high-An plagioclase and high-Mg clinopyroxene crystals and (3) a compositionally intermediate magma derived from remelting of low temperature mineral phases (i.e., sanidine and biotite) within the cumulate crystal mush. We suggest that the presence of a refractory crystal mush, as documented by the occurrence of abundant crystal clots containing clinopyroxene, plagioclase and oxides, is the main reason for the lack of erupted crystal-rich material in the NYT. A comparison between the NYT and the CI, characterized by both crystal-poor extracted melts and crystal-rich magmas representing remobilized portions of a "mature" (i.e., sanidine dominated) cumulate residue, allows evaluation of the capability of crystal mushes of becoming eruptible upon recharge.

Functional ET(A)-ET(B) Receptor Cross-talk in Basilar Artery In Situ From ET(B) Receptor Deficient Rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Yoon, SeongHun; Gariepy, Cheryl E; Yanagisawa, Masashi; Zuccarello, Mario; Rapoport, Robert M

2016-03-01

The role of endothelin (ET)(A)-ET(B) receptor cross-talk in limiting the ET(A) receptor antagonist inhibition of ET-1 constriction is revealed by the partial or complete dependency of the ET(A) receptor antagonist inhibition on functional removal of the ET(B) receptor. Although functional removal of the ET(B) receptor is generally accomplished with ET(B) receptor antagonist, a novel approach using rats containing a naturally occurring deletion mutation in the ET(B) receptor [rescued "spotting lethal" (sl) rats; ET(B)(sl/sl)] demonstrated increased ET(A) receptor antagonist inhibition of ET-1 constriction in vena cava. We investigated whether this deletion mutation was also sufficient to remove the ET(B) receptor dependency of the ET(A) receptor antagonist inhibition of ET-1 constriction in the basilar artery. Consistent with previous reports, ET-1 plasma levels were elevated in ET(B)(sl/sl) as compared with ET(B)(+/+) rats. ET(B) receptor antagonist failed to relax the ET-1 constricted basilar artery from ET(B)(+/+) and ET(B)(sl/sl) rats. Relaxation to combined ET(A) and ET(B) receptor antagonist was greater than relaxation to ET(A) receptor antagonist in the basilar artery from ET(B)(+/+) and, unexpectedly, ET(B)(sl/sl) rats. These findings confirm the presence of ET(A)-ET(B) receptor cross-talk in the basilar artery. We speculate that mutant ET(B) receptor expression produced by alternative splicing may be sufficient to allow cross-talk.

Répartition et abondance des sargasses Sargassum natans et ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Ces plantes se retrouvent en abondance en mai et en juin sur toutes les plages du pays et particulièrement sur les plages du secteur littoral centre et oriental et les complexes lagunaires Aby-Tendo-Ehy et Grand-Lahou. Leur expansion en mai dans tous les milieux est favorisée par la salinité, la lumière, la température et ...

Expression of interleukin-1 beta in rat dorsal root ganglia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Copray, JCVM; Mantingh, [No Value; Brouwer, N; Biber, K; Kust, BM; Liem, RSB; Huitinga, [No Value; Tilders, FJH; Van Dam, AM; Boddeke, HWGM

2001-01-01

The expression of interleukin-lp was examined in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons from adult rats using non-radioactive in Situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. At all spinal levels, approximately 70% of the DRG neurons appeared to express IL-1 beta mRNA: about 80% of these DRG neurons

Levels of interleukin-1β in gingival crevicular fluid in patients with coronary heart disease and its relationship to periodontal status

Science.gov (United States)

Lenggogeny, Putri; Masulili, Sri Lelyati C.; Tadjoedin, Fatimah M.; Radi, Basuni

2017-02-01

Periodontitis is a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Both diseases are an inflammatory diseases and have the same potential pathogenic mechanisms. Interleukin-1β as a pro-inflammatory main cytokine, can be found in this both diseases. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) derived from the serum of gingival sulcus, affected by inflammatory mechanism and the amount of this fluid will increase in that situation. Objective: To analyze the relationship of interleukin-1β levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of CHD and non-CHD patients with periodontal status. Methods: Oral clinical examination (plaque index, bleeding on probing, pocket depth and clinical attachment loss) for 35 subjects with CHD and 35 non CHD were checked, laboratory test to measure the levels of Interleukin-1β was checked with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: There was no significant differences between interleukin-1β levels in CHD and non-CHD patients (p>0.05); there was no significant difference between the level of Interleukin-1β with periodontal status in CHD and control (non CHD) patients (p>0.05). Conclusions: levels of Interleukin-1β in CHD patients do not have a relationships with plaque index, pocket depth and clinical attachment loss, but has a relationships with bleeding on probing.

The EU 20/20/2020 targets. An overview of the EMF22 assessment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boehringer, Christoph [Department of Economics, Carl on Ossietzky University, Oldenburg (Germany); Rutherford, Thomas F. [Centre for Energy Policy and Economics, ETH, Zurich (Switzerland); Tol, Richard S.J. [Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin (Ireland); Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam (Netherlands); Department of Spatial Economics, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam (Netherlands)

2009-07-01

Three computable general equilibrium models are used to estimate the economic implications of a stylized version of EU climate policy. If implemented at the lowest possible cost, the 20% emissions reduction would lead to a welfare loss of 0.5-2.0% by 2020. Second-best policies increase costs. A policy with two carbon prices (one for the ETS, one for the non-ETS) could increase costs by up to 50%. A policy with 28 carbon prices (one for the ETS, one each for each Member State) could increase costs by another 40%. The renewables standard could raise the costs of emissions reduction by 90%. Overall, the inefficiencies in policy lead to a cost that is 100-125% too high. The models differ greatly in the detail of their results. The ETS/non-ETS split may have a negligible impact on welfare, while the renewables standard may even improve welfare. The models agree, however, that the distortions introduced by total EU package imply a substantial welfare loss over and above the costs needed to meet the climate target. The marginal, total and excess costs reported here are notably higher than those in the impact assessment of the European Commission. (author)

1829-IJBCS-Article-Barry Mamoudou

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

Le Spirulina platensis est une algue utilisée pour ses effets nutritionnel et thérapeutique. De nombreuses études ont montré son intérêt ..... Mesure des cytokines (interleukine-4 (IL-4), l'interféron-γ (IFN-γ) et l'interleukine-2). - Réduction ... avec les métaux et les médicaments pouvant générer des radicaux libres toxiques ...

Tc-99m-interleukin-2 scintigraphy in normal subjects and in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases : a feasibility study

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Chianelli, M.; Mather, S. J.; Grossman, A.; Sobnak, R.; Fritzberg, A.; Britton, K. E.; Signore, A.

2008-01-01

Purpose Radiolabelled interleukin-2 is a radiopharmaceutical used for the study of chronic inflammatory processes. I-123-labelled interleukin-2 has successfully been used in a large number of patients affected by several immune-mediated diseases. I-123, however, is expensive and not readily

IL-23 (Interleukin-23)-Producing Conventional Dendritic Cells Control the Detrimental IL-17 (Interleukin-17) Response in Stroke.

Science.gov (United States)

Gelderblom, Mathias; Gallizioli, Mattia; Ludewig, Peter; Thom, Vivien; Arunachalam, Priyadharshini; Rissiek, Björn; Bernreuther, Christian; Glatzel, Markus; Korn, Thomas; Arumugam, Thiruma Valavan; Sedlacik, Jan; Gerloff, Christian; Tolosa, Eva; Planas, Anna M; Magnus, Tim

2018-01-01

Inflammatory mechanisms can exacerbate ischemic tissue damage and worsen clinical outcome in patients with stroke. Both αβ and γδ T cells are established mediators of tissue damage in stroke, and the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in inducing the early events of T cell activation and differentiation in stroke is not well understood. In a murine model of experimental stroke, we defined the immune phenotype of infiltrating DC subsets based on flow cytometry of surface markers, the expression of ontogenetic markers, and cytokine levels. We used conditional DC depletion, bone marrow chimeric mice, and IL-23 (interleukin-23) receptor-deficient mice to further explore the functional role of DCs. We show that the ischemic brain was rapidly infiltrated by IRF4 + /CD172a + conventional type 2 DCs and that conventional type 2 DCs were the most abundant subset in comparison with all other DC subsets. Twenty-four hours after ischemia onset, conventional type 2 DCs became the major source of IL-23, promoting neutrophil infiltration by induction of IL-17 (interleukin-17) in γδ T cells. Functionally, the depletion of CD11c + cells or the genetic disruption of the IL-23 signaling abrogated both IL-17 production in γδ T cells and neutrophil infiltration. Interruption of the IL-23/IL-17 cascade decreased infarct size and improved neurological outcome after stroke. Our results suggest a central role for interferon regulatory factor 4-positive IL-23-producing conventional DCs in the IL-17-dependent secondary tissue damage in stroke. © 2017 American Heart Association, Inc.

Fra web 2.0 til læringsspil 2.0

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Duus Henriksen, Thomas

2010-01-01

Artiklen sætter fokus på, hvordan man kan omsætte web 2.0-teknologien til læringsspil for derigennem at skabe en brugerbaseret, deltagerdreven tilgang til at arbejde med læringsspil. Artiklen beretter om, hvordan organisationsudviklingsspillet 6Styles omsættes, først til en skoleudviklingssammenh......Artiklen sætter fokus på, hvordan man kan omsætte web 2.0-teknologien til læringsspil for derigennem at skabe en brugerbaseret, deltagerdreven tilgang til at arbejde med læringsspil. Artiklen beretter om, hvordan organisationsudviklingsspillet 6Styles omsættes, først til en...... skoleudviklingssammenhæng og dernæst til et såkaldt 2.0-læringsspil, hvor deltagerne skaber læringsspillets indhold, mens de spiller spillet. Erfaringer fra brug af læringsspillet peger på, at 1) 2.0 læringsspil tager markant mere tid at anvende, 2) deltagerne udvikler en produktiv forståelse for den underliggende teori...

Interleukins and their signaling pathways in the Reactome biological pathway database.

Science.gov (United States)

Jupe, Steve; Ray, Keith; Roca, Corina Duenas; Varusai, Thawfeek; Shamovsky, Veronica; Stein, Lincoln; D'Eustachio, Peter; Hermjakob, Henning

2018-04-01

much molecular detail as possible and are linked to literature citations that contain supporting experimental details. All newly created events undergo a peer-review process before they are added to the database and made available on the associated Web site. New content is added quarterly. The 63rd release of Reactome in December 2017 contains 10,996 human proteins participating in 11,426 events in 2,179 pathways. In addition, analytic tools allow data set submission for the identification and visualization of pathway enrichment and representation of expression profiles as an overlay on Reactome pathways. Protein-protein and compound-protein interactions from several sources, including custom user data sets, can be added to extend pathways. Pathway diagrams and analytic result displays can be downloaded as editable images, human-readable reports, and files in several standard formats that are suitable for computational reuse. Reactome content is available programmatically through a REpresentational State Transfer (REST)-based content service and as a Neo4J graph database. Signaling pathways for IL-1 to IL-38 are hierarchically classified within the pathway "signaling by interleukins." The classification used is largely derived from Akdis et al. The addition to Reactome of a complete set of the known human interleukins, their receptors, and established signaling pathways linked to annotations of relevant aspects of immune function provides a significant computationally accessible resource of information about this important family. This information can be extended easily as new discoveries become accepted as the consensus in the field. A key aim for the future is to increase coverage of gene expression changes induced by interleukin signaling. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Interleukin-6 inflammation pathway from cholesterol to aging – Role of statins, bisphosphonates and plant polyphenols in aging and age-related diseases

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Omoigui Sota

2007-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract We describe the inflammation pathway from Cholesterol to Aging. Interleukin 6 mediated inflammation is implicated in age-related disorders including Atherosclerosis, Peripheral Vascular Disease, Coronary Artery Disease, Osteoporosis, Type 2 Diabetes, Dementia and Alzheimer's disease and some forms of Arthritis and Cancer. Statins and Bisphosphonates inhibit Interleukin 6 mediated inflammation indirectly through regulation of endogenous cholesterol synthesis and isoprenoid depletion. Polyphenolic compounds found in plants, fruits and vegetables inhibit Interleukin 6 mediated inflammation by direct inhibition of the signal transduction pathway. Therapeutic targets for the control of all the above diseases should include inhibition of Interleukin-6 mediated inflammation.

Mainosyhteistyö blogikulttuurissa : markkinointitutkimus suosittujen suomalaisten blogien ja yritysten yhteistyöstä

OpenAIRE

Aarnio, Iida

2012-01-01

Sosiaalisen median ja nimenomaisesti blogien hyödyntäminen yrityksen markkinoinnissa on puhuttanut viime aikoina paljon. Erilaisia oppaita yritysblogien luomiseen ja sosiaalisen median hyödyntämiseen yritystasolla löytyy jo valtavasti, mutta edelleen vähemmälle huomiolle on jäänyt olemassa olevien, suuren lukijakunnan tavoittavien blogien hyödyntäminen yrityksen markkinoinnissa. Nyt yritykset ovat kuitenkin enenevissä määrin heränneet tähän hyvinkin potentiaaliseen ja kustannustehokkaaseen...

The role of interleukin 13 and interleukin 5 in asthma

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Magdalena Tomasiak-Łozowska

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play roles. Interleukins 5 (IL-5 and 13 (IL-13 are cytokines which play important roles in the pathophysiology of asthma. Selective accumulation and activation of eosinophils in the bronchial mucosa is considered a central event in the pathogenesis of asthma. IL-5 acts as a mediator of activation of eosinophils, influencing adhesion, membrane receptor expression, chemotaxis, and mediator synthesis. Airway eosinophilia has been related to bronchial hyperreactivity, asthma symptoms, and airway narrowing in subjects with asthma. IL-13 has a great influence on bronchial hyperreactivity, inflammation, and airway remodeling. Moreover, this cytokine drives many cellular responses relevant in asthma, including epithelial cell maturation and mucus production, synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins, and enhanced contractility of airway smooth muscle cells. In recent years, efforts have been underway to use substances acting as antagonists of these cytokines in the treatment of asthma. Many studies are being performed to assess the efficacy of anti-IL-5 and anti-IL-13 antibodies as well as substances inactivating receptors of these cytokines in asthma therapy. The results of these studies seem very interesting and induced the authors to discuss this issue.

Interleukin-6, a new target for therapy in multiple myeloma?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Oers, M. H.; van Zaanen, H. C.; Lokhorst, H. M.

1993-01-01

During the past few years much insight has been gained into the immunobiology of multiple myeloma. It has become evident that the growth of myeloma cells is regulated by cytokines, notably interleukin-6. In this paper a brief review is given of the evidence derived from in vitro as well as in vivo

Radiolabeling with fluorine-18 of a protein, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prenant, C., E-mail: cprenant@cyclopharma.f [Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester (United Kingdom); Cawthorne, C. [Academic Department of Radiation Oncology, Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester (United Kingdom); Fairclough, M. [Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester (United Kingdom); Rothwell, N.; Boutin, H. [Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester (United Kingdom)

2010-09-15

IL-1RA is a naturally occurring antagonist of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) with high therapeutic promise, but its pharmacokinetic remains poorly documented. In this report, we describe the radiolabeling of recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (rhIL-1RA) with fluorine-18 to allow pharmacokinetic studies by positron emission tomography (PET). rhIL-1RA was labeled randomly by reductive alkylation of free amino groups (the {epsilon}-amino group of lysine residues or amino-terminal residues) using [{sup 18}F]fluoroacetaldehyde under mild reaction conditions. Radiosyntheses used a remotely controlled experimental rig within 100 min and the radiochemical yield was in the range 7.1-24.2% (decay corrected, based on seventeen syntheses). We showed that the produced [{sup 18}F]fluoroethyl-rhIL-1ra retained binding specificity by conducting an assay on rat brain sections, allowing its pharmakokinetic study using PET.

The anti-interleukin-1 in type 1 diabetes action trial--background and rationale

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pickersgill, Linda M S; Mandrup-Poulsen, Thomas R

2009-01-01

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by an inflammatory destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, in particular interleukin-1 (IL-1), have been suggested to be effector molecules based on the observations that pro-inflammatory cytokines cause beta-cell apoptosis in vitro...... and aggravate diabetes in vivo, and that inhibition of the action of these cytokines reduce diabetes incidence in animal models of type 1 diabetes and islet graft destruction. This review presents the rationale for and design of a recently launched double-blind, multicenter, randomized clinical trial...... that investigates the effect of interleukin-1 antagonism on beta-cell function in subjects with T1D of recent-onset....

G20 veeretas eile Londonis triljonit dollarit / Heiki Suurkask

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Suurkask, Heiki, 1972-

2009-01-01

Londonis toimunud G20 tippkohtumisel jõuti kokkuleppele, et maailma kriisist välja aitamiseks antakse maailmakaubandusele rahasüst ning IMF saab juba olemasolevale 250 miljardile dollarile lisaks rohkem vahendeid. Skeem: Majanduse stimuleerimise paketid G20 riikides

Håndbog i Facilities Management

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Per Anker

Facilities Management (FM) er et nyt nøgleord som mange nu anvender i forskellige forbindelser og sammenhænge. Dette hænger i høj grad sammen med manglen på en fælles dansk referenceramme for FM, der har givet frit spillerum for de mange forskellige definitioner af det engelske ord. Dansk...... Facilities Management netværk (DFM netværk) har i mange år arbejdet for en fælles definition af begrebet sammen med arbejdet for udbredelsen af kendskabet til FM, herunder uddannelse, erfaringsudveksling m.v. DFM netværk har udgivet en Håndbog i Facilities Management i samarbejde med bogens forfatter Per...

Uniformer på arbejde

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Leilund, Helle

i feltarbejde udført på tre danske arbejdspladser - DSB, Gentofte Hospital og Post Danmark - undersøges, analyseres og diskuteres det , hvordan ensartet arbejdstøj indgår og gøres på forskellige måder i de forskellige virksomheders og medarbejderes praksisser . Der anvendes en analysestrategi som......, teoretisk og metodisk trækker afhandlingen på indsigter fra dragt - og beklædnings forskning, Science Technology Studies (STS) og Aktør - Netværks teori (ANT ) og kommer med et nyt bud på hvordan man kan analysere og forstå uniformt eller ensartet arbejdstøj som særligt beklædningsfænomen, dels i...

Carp macrophages and neutrophilic granulocytes secrete an interleukin-1-like factor.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Verburg-van Kemenade, B.M.L.; Weyts, F.A.A.; Debets, R.; Flik, G.

1995-01-01

Carp, Cyprinus carpio L, macrophages and neutrophilic granulocytes obtained from pronephros were cultured. Supernatant was harvested after 48 h and tested for interleukin-1 (IL-1) bioactivity. A concentration-dependent stimulation of proliferation was found of carp Ig− lymphocytes as well as of the

Production of fibrogenic cytokines by interleukin-2-treated peripheral blood leukocytes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kovacs, E J; Brock, B; Silber, I E

1993-01-01

OBJECTIVE: To assess the production of fibrogenic cytokines by interleukin-2 (IL-2)-stimulated peripheral blood leukocytes and to examine their ability to stimulate the production of connective tissue. METHODS: Culture medium from human peripheral blood leukocytes incubated with or without IL-2 w...

The emerging role of interleukin (IL)-1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory and degenerative eye diseases.

Science.gov (United States)

Fabiani, Claudia; Sota, Jurgen; Tosi, Gian Marco; Franceschini, Rossella; Frediani, Bruno; Galeazzi, Mauro; Rigante, Donato; Cantarini, Luca

2017-10-01

Interleukin (IL)-1 plays a key role in the pathogenesis and thereafter in the search for specific treatments of different inflammatory and degenerative eye diseases. Indeed, an overactivity of IL-1 might be an initiating factor for many immunopathologic sceneries in the eye, as proven by the efficacy of the specific IL-1 blockade in different ocular diseases. For instance, the uveitis in monogenic autoinflammatory disorders, such as Blau syndrome and cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome, or in complex polygenic autoinflammatory disorders, such as Behçet's disease, has been successfully treated with IL-1 blockers. Similarly, therapy with the IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra has proven successful also in scleritis and episcleritis in the context of different rheumatic conditions. Moreover, interesting findings deriving from animal models of ocular disease have set a rational basis from a therapeutic viewpoint to manage patients also with dry eye disease and a broadening number of ocular inflammatory and degenerative conditions, which start from an imbalance between IL-1 and its receptor antagonist.

Interleukin 18 receptor 1 gene polymorphisms are associated with asthma

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zhu, Guohua; Whyte, Moira K B; Vestbo, Jørgen

2008-01-01

The interleukin 18 receptor (IL18R1) gene is a strong candidate gene for asthma. It has been implicated in the pathophysiology of asthma and maps to an asthma susceptibility locus on chromosome 2q12. The possibility of association between polymorphisms in IL18R1 and asthma was examined by genotyp...

Interleukin-6 modifies mRNA expression in mouse skeletal muscle

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hassing, Helle Adser; Wojtaszewski, Jørgen; Jakobsen, Anne Hviid

2011-01-01

Aim: The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that interleukin-6 plays a role in exercise-induced PGC-1a and TNFa mRNA responses in skeletal muscle and to examine the potential IL-6 mediated AMPK regulation in these responses. Methods: Whole body IL-6 knockout and wildtype (WT) mal...

Enjeux communicationnels du Web 2.0 pour les Relations Publiques/Professional and organisational issues of Web 2.0 Public Relations

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francine Charest

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The Web 2.0, which includes Facebook, Twitter, Youtube and other social medias, is considered as to be one of the strongest communication tools of the early 21st century. TheWeb evolutionhas changed deeply the way Public relations agents operate. In 2009, Charest and Bédard have shown that the Web 2.0 was in fact a reclaim by the internet users of the Web as it was first imagined by Tim Berners-Lee in November 1993 : a tool to exchange and share information. The Web first generation has instead been used by the administrators for dissemination and promotion. Today, in order to appropriate themselves these new medias, PR agents have to findnew business models, even new ways to communicate.RésuméLe Web 2.0, regroupant les Facebook, Twitter, YouTube et autres médias sociaux, est considéré comme l’un des plus puissants outils de communication, en ce début de XX1 siècle. C’est sous l’angle de mutations qu’il induit sur les pratiques des professionnels en relations publiques, qu’il nous intéresse d’étudier les enjeux de l’évolution des usages du Web 2.0. Charest et Bédard ont montré en 2009 que le Web 2.0 était la revanche des internautes qui tentent de se réapproprier le Web tel qu’il avait été conçu par Tim Berners-Lee en novembre 1993, soit comme un outil d’échange et de partage d’information. Il a été clairement montré que la première générationde Web a plutôt été utilisée par les gestionnaires à des fins de diffusion et de promotion. L’appropriation de ces nouveaux médias par les relationnistes passe nécessairement par de nouveaux modèles d’affaires, voire de nouvelles façons de communiquer.

Nordsøen Movie Maker

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2013-01-01

Tag på ekspedition under havets overflade med Nordsøen Movie Maker, hvor din tur i Nordsøen Oceanarium får et helt nyt virtuelt lag. Rejs ud til de syv destinationer og hold øje med de unikke ‘moviespots‘ i nærheden af akvarierne. Her kan du med Nordsøen Movie Maker filme og dokumentere dine...... oplevelser med legesyge sæler, susende hvirvelstrømme og gigantiske klumpfisk. Nordsøen Movie Maker giver filmen et ekstra virtuelt lag, og via augmented reality bliver der tilføjet seje og morsomme, animerede specialeffekter. 1) Download app’en 2) Find et moviespot ved ekspeditionsposterne i Nordsøen...... Oceanarium. Kig efter klaptræet. 3) Vælg den rigtige post i app’en og start med at filme dit filmklip Downloader du app’en før dit besøg, er du allerede klar til at starte ekspeditionen i det øjeblik, du træder ind i Oceanariets tusmørke, hvor de første moviespots er gemt. God fornøjelse med ekspeditionen...

[Allergic asthma and interleukins 2, 4, 5, 6 and 12 and gamma interferon levels].

Science.gov (United States)

Bastida Segura, Diana Lyzbeth; López Velásquez, Benjamin; Castrejón Vázquez, María Isabel; Galicia Tapía, Jorge; Cano Altamirano, Silvia; Miranda Feria, Alfonso Javier

2004-01-01

Asthma is an inflammatory chronic illness, in which mastocyt cells, basophils, T lymphocytes, eosinophils and cytokines play a role. Its association with the production of TH2 cytokines is not well known, but it is considered an aberrant immune response, yielding the activation and recruitment of a number of effector cells (mastocyts/eosinophils) and the appearance of clinical symptoms. To determine the serum values of the interleukins 2, 4, 5, 6 and 12 and gamma interferon in relation to the severity degree of asthma and the time of immunotherapy in patients with stable chronic allergic bronchial asthma. Clinical records of allergic asthmatic patients from the external consultation at Servicio de Alergia e Immunología Clínica were reviewed in a period of 12 months (1st January 2002 to 1st January 2003) and those of healthy volunteers, forming three groups: Group 1, allergic asthmatics with immunotherapy less than 24 months; Group 2, allergic asthmatics with more than 24 months of immunotherapy, and Group 3, healthy volunteers (control group). Previous informed consent, a serum sample was taken of all subjects. Ninety-two subjects were included: 41 (45%) allergic asthmatics and 51 (55%) healthy volunteers. Significant differences were found in interleukins 2, 4, 5, 6 and 12 levels between healthy volunteers and asthmatics without relating the immunotherapy time. In the total group gamma interferon levels were not found. A relation of interleukins Th2 levels with the severity degree of asthma was not found. Differences of serum interleukins Th1 and Th2 in allergic patients related to immunotherapy time were not significant; even though, irrespective of immunotherapy time, IgG levels were always high. Patients with allergic asthma have a predominance of serum interleukins Th2 and, despite of the immunotherapy, in the maintaining phase, these continue high, which may be due to an immune system dysregulation maybe including other factors. Immunotherapy continues

Interleukin-1β causes fluoxetine resistance in an animal model of epilepsy-associated depression.

Science.gov (United States)

Pineda, Eduardo A; Hensler, Julie G; Sankar, Raman; Shin, Don; Burke, Teresa F; Mazarati, Andréy M

2012-04-01

Depression represents a common comorbidity of epilepsy and is frequently resistant to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). We tested the hypothesis that the SSRI resistance in epilepsy associated depression may be a result of a pathologically enhanced interleukin-1β (IL1-β) signaling, and consequently that the blockade of IL1-β may restore the effectiveness of SSRI. Epilepsy and concurrent depression-like impairments were induced in Wistar rats by pilocarpine status epilepticus (SE). The effects of the 2-week long treatment with fluoxetine, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), and their combination were examined using behavioral, biochemical, neuroendocrine, and autoradiographic assays. In post-SE rats, depression-like impairments included behavioral deficits indicative of hopelessness and anhedonia; the hyperactivity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis; the diminished serotonin output from raphe nucleus; and the upregulation of presynaptic serotonin 1-A (5-HT1A) receptors. Fluoxetine monotherapy exerted no antidepressant effects, whereas the treatment with IL-1ra led to the complete reversal of anhedonia and to a partial improvement of all other depressive impairments. Combined administration of fluoxetine and IL-1ra completely abolished all hallmarks of epilepsy-associated depressive abnormalities, with the exception of the hyperactivity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis, the latter remaining only partially improved. We propose that in certain forms of depression, including but not limited to depression associated with epilepsy, the resistance to SSRI may be driven by the pathologically enhanced interleukin-1β signaling and by the subsequent upregulation of presynaptic 5-HT1A receptors. In such forms of depression, the use of interleukin-1β blockers in conjunction with SSRI may represent an effective therapeutic approach.

Analysis of interleukin 1 mediated radioprotection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Manori, I.; Kushilevsky, A.; Weinstein, Y.

1986-01-01

The potential value of interleukin 1(IL-1) containing supernatants as a radioprotective agent was evaluated. It was found that the response of irradiated thymocytes to mitogens was partially restored if IL-1 containing supernatants was included in the culture medium immediately after irradiation. A delay of 24 h in the addition of IL-1 and mitogen abrogated the radioprotection effect. Under the same conditions IL-2 containing supernatants were effective, suggesting that the dose modifying effect of IL-1 acts through induction of IL-2 elaboration. The results of the present study may be important in cases where it is necessary to restore depressed immune response resulting from irradiation accidents or radiotherapy. (author)

The major surface glycoprotein of Pneumocystis carinii induces release and gene expression of interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in monocytes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Benfield, T L; Lundgren, Bettina; Levine, S J

1997-01-01

Recent studies suggest that interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) may play a central role in host defense and pathogenesis during Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. In order to investigate whether the major surface antigen (MSG) of human P. carinii is capable of eliciting...... the release of IL-8 and TNF-alpha, human monocytes were cultured in the presence of purified MSG. MSG-stimulated cells released significant amounts of IL-8 within 4 h, and at 20 h, cells stimulated with MSG released 45.5 +/- 9.3 ng of IL-8/ml versus 3.7 +/- 1.1 ng/ml for control cultures (P = 0.......01). In a similar fashion, MSG elicited release of TNF-alpha. Initial increases were also seen at 4 h, and at 20 h, TNF-alpha levels reached 6.4 +/- 1.1 ng/ml, compared to 0.08 +/- 0.01 ng/ml for control cultures (P alpha secretion was observed at 20 h...

Interleukin-1 and acute brain injury

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Katie N Murray

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Inflammation is the key host-defense response to infection and injury, yet also a major contributor to a diverse range of diseases, both peripheral and central in origin. Brain injury as a result of stroke or trauma is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, yet there are no effective treatments, resulting in enormous social and economic costs. Increasing evidence, both preclinical and clinical, highlights inflammation as an important factor in stroke, both in determining outcome and as a contributor to risk. A number of inflammatory mediators have been proposed as key targets for intervention to reduce the burden of stroke, several reaching clinical trial, but as yet yielding no success. Many factors could explain these failures, including the lack of robust preclinical evidence and poorly designed clinical trials, in addition to the complex nature of the clinical condition. Lack of consideration in preclinical studies of associated co-morbidities prevalent in the clinical stroke population is now seen as an important omission in previous work. These co-morbidities (atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, infection have a strong inflammatory component, supporting the need for greater understanding of how inflammation contributes to acute brain injury. Interleukin (IL-1 is the prototypical pro-inflammatory cytokine, first identified many years ago as the endogenous pyrogen. Research over the last 20 years or so reveals that IL-1 is an important mediator of neuronal injury and blocking the actions of IL-1 is beneficial in a number of experimental models of brain damage. Mechanisms underlying the actions of IL-1 in brain injury remain unclear, though increasing evidence indicates the cerebrovasculature as a key target. Recent literature supporting this and other aspects of how IL-1 and systemic inflammation in general contribute to acute brain injury are discussed in this review.

Is interleukin-6 receptor blockade the Holy Grail for inflammatory diseases?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Febbraio, M A; Rose-John, S; Pedersen, B K

2010-01-01

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been linked to a myriad of diseases associated with inflammation, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Crohn's disease, and several types of cancer. In 2009 the US Food and Drug Administration accepted a complete-response submission for the use of Actemra (tocilizumab), t...

Interleukin-22: immunobiology and pathology

Science.gov (United States)

Dudakov, Jarrod A.; Hanash, Alan M.; van den Brink, Marcel R.M.

2015-01-01

Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a recently described IL-10 family cytokine that is produced by T-helper (Th)-17 cells, γδ T cells, NKT cells and newly described innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). Knowledge of IL-22 biology has rapidly evolved since its discovery in 2000, and a role for IL-22 has been identified in numerous tissues including the intestines, lung, liver, kidney, thymus, pancreas and skin. IL-22 primarily targets non-hematopoietic epithelial and stromal cells where it can promote proliferation and play a role in tissue regeneration. In addition, IL-22 regulates host defense at barrier surfaces. However, IL-22 has also been linked to several conditions involving inflammatory tissue pathology. In this review, we will assess the current understanding of this cytokine, including its physiologic and pathologic effects on epithelial cell function. PMID:25706098

EFFET DE LA TEMPERATURE ET DE L'HUMIDITE RELATIVE SUR ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

AISA

L'infection artificielle des criquets par le champignon a été réalisée au laboratoire ... de l'insecte et continue au-delà de 24 h à 25 °C et à 100 % d'humidité relative. ..... Jours après infestation. M o rta lité. (%). 17 °C. 20 °C. 25 °C. 30 °C. 17 °C té ..... species complex (Zygomycetes : ... with potassium hydroxide, sulphuric acid,.

Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist and Interleukin-4 Genes Variable Number Tandem Repeats Are Associated with Adiposity in Malaysian Subjects

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yung-Yean Kok

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RA intron 2 86 bp repeat and interleukin-4 (IL4 intron 3 70 bp repeat are variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs that have been associated with various diseases, but their role in obesity is elusive. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of IL1RA and IL4 VNTRs with obesity and adiposity in 315 Malaysian subjects (128 M/187 F; 23 Malays/251 ethnic Chinese/41 ethnic Indians. The allelic distributions of IL1RA and IL4 were significantly different among ethnicities, and the alleles were associated with total body fat (TBF classes. Individuals with IL1RA I/II genotype or allele II had greater risk of having higher overall adiposity, relative to those having the I/I genotype or I allele, respectively, even after controlling for ethnicity [Odds Ratio (OR of I/II genotype = 12.21 (CI = 2.54, 58.79; p=0.002; II allele = 5.78 (CI = 1.73, 19.29; p=0.004]. However, IL4 VNTR B2 allele was only significantly associated with overall adiposity status before adjusting for ethnicity [OR = 1.53 (CI = 1.04, 2.23; p=0.03]. Individuals with IL1RA II allele had significantly higher TBF than those with I allele (31.79±2.52 versus 23.51±0.40; p=0.005. Taken together, IL1RA intron 2 VNTR seems to be a genetic marker for overall adiposity status in Malaysian subjects.

Murine interleukin 1 receptor. Direct identification by ligand blotting and purification to homogeneity of an interleukin 1-binding glycoprotein

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bird, T.A.; Gearing, A.J.; Saklatvala, J.

1988-01-01

Functional receptors (IL1-R) for the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1 (IL1) were solubilized from plasma membranes of the NOB-1 subclone of murine EL4 6.1 thymoma cells using the zwitterionic detergent 3[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS). Membrane extracts were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, transferred to nitrocellulose membranes, and ligand blotted with 125 I-labeled recombinant human IL1 alpha in order to reveal proteins capable of specifically binding IL1. A single polydisperse polypeptide of Mr approximately equal to 80,000 was identified in this way, which bound IL1 alpha and IL1 beta with the same affinity as the IL1-R on intact NOB-1 cells (approximately equal to 10(-10) M). The IL1-binding polypeptide was only seen in membranes from IL1-R-bearing cells and did not react with interleukin 2, tumor necrosis factor alpha, or interferon. IL1-R was purified to apparent homogeneity from solubilized NOB-1 membranes by affinity chromatography on wheat germ agglutinin-Sepharose and IL1 alpha-Sepharose. Gel electrophoresis and silver staining of purified preparations revealed a single protein of Mr approximately equal to 80,000 which reacted positively in the ligand-blotting procedure and which we identify as the ligand-binding moiety of the murine IL1-R. Purified IL1-R exhibited the same affinity and specificity as the receptor on intact cells. The relationship of this protein to proteins identified by covalent cross-linking studies is discussed

Gestion de l’eau, privatisation et droits

OpenAIRE

2018-01-01

I. Les femmes du Kerala contre Coca-Cola Vandana Shiva« Les femmes du Kerala contre Coca-Cola », Le Monde diplomatique, mars 2005, pp. 20-21 Expulsé en 1977 par le gouvernement, Coca-Cola a repris pied en Inde le 23 octobre 1993, au moment même où Pepsi-Cola s’y implantait. Les deux entreprises possèdent 90 « usines d’embouteillage » qui sont en réalité… des « usines de pompage » : 52 unités appartiennent à Coca-Cola et 38 à Pepsi-Cola. Chacune extrait entre 1 million et 1,5 million de litres...

Excessive Iron Availability Caused by Disorders of Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-22 Contributes to High Altitude Polycythemia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yun-Sheng Liu

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Background: Because the pathogenesis of high altitude polycythemia (HAPC is unclear, the aim of the present study was to explore whether abnormal iron metabolism is involved in the pathogenesis of HAPC and the possible cause.Methods: We examined the serum levels of iron, total iron binding capacity, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR, ferritin, and hepcidin as well as erythropoietin (EPO and inflammation-related cytokines in 20 healthy volunteers at sea level, 36 healthy high-altitude migrants, and 33 patients with HAPC. Mice that were exposed to a simulated hypoxic environment at an altitude of 5,000 m for 4 weeks received exogenous iron or intervention on cytokines, and the iron-related and hematological indices of peripheral blood and bone marrow were detected. The in vitro effects of some cytokines on hematopoietic cells were also observed.Results: Iron mobilization and utilization were enhanced in people who had lived at high altitudes for a long time. Notably, both the iron storage in ferritin and the available iron in the blood were elevated in patients with HAPC compared with the healthy high-altitude migrants. The correlation analysis indicated that the decreased hepcidin may have contributed to enhanced iron availability in HAPC, and decreased interleukin (IL-10 and IL-22 were significantly associated with decreased hepcidin. The results of the animal experiments confirmed that a certain degree of iron redundancy may promote bone marrow erythropoiesis and peripheral red blood cell production in hypoxic mice and that decreased IL-10 and IL-22 stimulated iron mobilization during hypoxia by affecting hepcidin expression.Conclusion: These data demonstrated, for the first time, that an excess of obtainable iron caused by disordered IL-10 and IL-22 was involved in the pathogenesis of some HAPC patients. The potential benefits of iron removal and immunoregulation for the prevention and treatment of HAPC deserve further research.

Regulatory T-Cell Augmentation or Interleukin-17 Inhibition Prevents Calcineurin Inhibitor-Induced Hypertension in Mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Chiasson, Valorie L; Pakanati, Abhinandan R; Hernandez, Marcos; Young, Kristina J; Bounds, Kelsey R; Mitchell, Brett M

2017-07-01

The immunosuppressive calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine A and tacrolimus alter T-cell subsets and can cause hypertension, vascular dysfunction, and renal toxicity. We and others have reported that cyclosporine A and tacrolimus decrease anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells and increase proinflammatory interleukin-17-producing T cells; therefore, we hypothesized that inhibition of these effects using noncellular therapies would prevent the hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and renal glomerular injury induced by calcineurin inhibitor therapy. Daily treatment of mice with cyclosporine A or tacrolimus for 1 week significantly decreased CD4 + /FoxP3 + regulatory T cells in the spleen and lymph nodes, as well as induced hypertension, vascular injury and dysfunction, and glomerular mesangial expansion in mice. Daily cotreatment with all-trans retinoic acid reported to increase regulatory T cells and decrease interleukin-17-producing T cells, prevented all of the detrimental effects of cyclosporine A and tacrolimus. All-trans retinoic acid also increased regulatory T cells and prevented the hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and glomerular injury in genetically modified mice that phenocopy calcineurin inhibitor-treated mice (FKBP12-Tie2 knockout). Treatment with an interleukin-17-neutralizing antibody also increased regulatory T-cell levels and prevented the hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and glomerular injury in cyclosporine A-treated and tacrolimus-treated mice and FKBP12-Tie2 knockout mice, whereas an isotype control had no effect. Augmenting regulatory T cells and inhibiting interleukin-17 signaling using noncellular therapies prevents the cardiovascular and renal toxicity of calcineurin inhibitors in mice. © 2017 American Heart Association, Inc.

Interleukin 17 enhances bone morphogenetic protein-2-induced ectopic bone formation

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Croes, M.; Kruyt, M. C.; Groen, W. M.; Van Dorenmalen, K. M.A.; Dhert, W. J.A.; Öner, F. C.; Alblas, J.

2018-01-01

Interleukin 17 (IL-17) stimulates the osteogenic differentiation of progenitor cells in vitro through a synergy with bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2. This study investigates whether the diverse responses mediated by IL-17 in vivo also lead to enhanced BMP-2-induced bone formation. Since IL-17 is

Induction of plasma interleukin-6 by circulating adrenaline in the rat

NARCIS (Netherlands)

DeRijk, R. H.; Boelen, A.; Tilders, F. J.; Berkenbosch, F.

1994-01-01

Adrenaline, which is secreted from the adrenal medulla during stress, is considered to be involved in the control of inflammation and immune responses. Therefore, we studied the effects of adrenaline on the plasma levels of one of the major pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6). Here we

The effects of interleukin-8 on airway smooth muscle contraction in cystic fibrosis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Safka Katherine

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Many cystic fibrosis (CF patients display airway hyperresponsiveness and have symptoms of asthma such as cough, wheezing and reversible airway obstruction. Chronic airway bacterial colonization, associated with neutrophilic inflammation and high levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8 is also a common occurrence in these patients. The aim of this work was to determine the responsiveness of airway smooth muscle to IL-8 in CF patients compared to non-CF individuals. Methods Experiments were conducted on cultured ASM cells harvested from subjects with and without CF (control subjects. Cells from the 2nd to 5th passage were studied. Expression of the IL-8 receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 was assessed by flow cytometry. The cell response to IL-8 was determined by measuring intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i, cell contraction, migration and proliferation. Results The IL-8 receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 were expressed in both non-CF and CF ASM cells to a comparable extent. IL-8 (100 nM induced a peak Ca2+ release that was higher in control than in CF cells: 228 ± 7 versus 198 ± 10 nM (p 20 in CF than in control cells. In addition, MLC20 expression was also increased in CF cells. Exposure to IL-8 induced migration and proliferation of both groups of ASM cells but was not different between CF and non-CF cells. Conclusion ASM cells of CF patients are more contractile to IL-8 than non-CF ASM cells. This enhanced contractility may be due to an increase in the amount of contractile protein MLC20. Higher expression of MLC20 by CF cells could contribute to airway hyperresponsiveness to IL-8 in CF patients.

Increase in interstitial interleukin-6 of human skeletal muscle with repetitive low-force exercise

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rosendal, Lars; Søgaard, Karen; Kjaer, Michael

2005-01-01

Interleukin (IL)-6, which is released from muscle tissue during intense exercise, possesses important metabolic and probably anti-inflammatory properties. To evaluate the IL-6 response to low-intensity exercise, we conducted two studies: 1) a control study with insertion of microdialysis catheters...... in muscle and determination of interstitial muscle IL-6 response over 2 h of rest and 2) an exercise study to investigate the IL-6 response to 20 min of repetitive low-force exercise. In both studies, a microdialysis catheter (cutoff: 3,000 kDa) was inserted into the upper trapezius muscle of six male...... subjects, and the catheters were perfused with Ringer-acetate at 5 microl/min. Venous plasma samples were taken in the exercise study. The insertion of microdialysis catheters into muscle resulted in an increase in IL-6 from 8 +/- 0 to 359 +/- 171 and 484 +/- 202 pg/ml after 65 and 110 min, respectively (P...

Role of Interleukin-6 in the Radiation Response of Liver Tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen, Miao-Fen; Hsieh, Ching-Chuan; Chen, Wen-Cheng; Lai, Chia-Hsuan

2012-01-01

Purpose: To investigate the role of interleukin (IL)-6 in biological sequelae and tumor regrowth after irradiation for hepatic malignancy, which are critical for the clinical radiation response of liver tumors. Methods and Materials: The Hepa 1-6 murine hepatocellular cancer cell line was used to examine the radiation response by clonogenic assays and tumor growth delay in vivo. After irradiation in a single dose of 6 Gy in vitro or 15 Gy in vivo, biological changes including cell death and tumor regrowth were examined by experimental manipulation of IL-6 signaling. The effects of blocking IL-6 were assessed by cells preincubated in the presence of IL-6–neutralizing antibody for 24 hours or stably transfected with IL-6–silencing vectors. The correlations among tumor responses, IL-6 levels, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) recruitment were examined using animal experiments. Results: Interleukin-6 expression was positively linked to irradiation and radiation resistance, as demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Interleukin-6–silencing vectors induced more tumor inhibition and DNA damage after irradiation. When subjects were irradiated with a sublethal dose, the regrowth of irradiated tumors significantly correlated with IL-6 levels and MDSC recruitment in vivo. Furthermore, blocking of IL-6 could overcome irradiation-induced MDSC recruitment and tumor regrowth after treatment. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that IL-6 is important in determining the radiation response of liver tumor cells. Irradiation-induced IL-6 and the subsequent recruitment of MDSC could be responsible for tumor regrowth. Therefore, treatment with concurrent IL-6 inhibition could be a potential therapeutic strategy for increasing the radiation response of tumors.

Spinal interleukin-10 therapy to treat peripheral neuropathic pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Milligan, Erin D; Penzkover, Kathryn R; Soderquist, Ryan G; Mahoney, Melissa J

2012-01-01

  Current research indicates that chronic peripheral neuropathic pain includes a role for glia and the actions of proinflammatory factors. This review briefly discusses the glial and cytokine responses that occur following peripheral nerve damage in support of utilizing anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) therapy to suppress chronic peripheral neuropathic pain. SPINAL NONVIRAL INTERLEUKIN-10 GENE THERAPY:  IL-10 is one of the most powerful endogenous counter-regulators of proinflammatory cytokine function that acts in the nervous system. Subarachnoid (intrathecal) spinal injection of the gene encoding IL-10 delivered by nonviral vectors has several advantages over virally mediated gene transfer methods and leads to profound pain relief in several animal models. NONVIRAL GENE DELIVERY:  Lastly, data are reviewed that nonviral deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) encapsulated by a biologically safe copolymer, poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA), thought to protect DNA, leads to significantly improved therapeutic gene transfer in animal models, which additionally and significantly extends pain relief.   The impact of these early studies exploring anti-inflammatory genes emphasizes the exceptional therapeutic potential of new biocompatible intrathecal nonviral gene delivery approaches such as PLGA microparticles. Ultimately, ongoing expression of therapeutic genes is a viable option to treat chronic neuropathic pain in the clinic. © 2012 International Neuromodulation Society.

The history of fever, leukocytic pyrogen and interleukin-1.

Science.gov (United States)

Dinarello, Charles A

2015-01-01

There has been great progress in the 30 y since the reporting in 1984 of the cDNA for interleukin1 (IL1) β in the human and IL1α in the mouse. However, the history of IL1 begins in the early 1940s with investigations into the nature of an endogenous fever-producing protein released rabbit peritoneal neutrophils. Most researchers in immunology today are unaware that the field of cytokines, particularly the field of inflammatory cytokines. Toll-like receptors and innate immunity traces back to studies on fever. Researchers in infectious diseases wanted to know about an endogenous protein that caused fever, independent of infection. The endogenous fever-producing protein was called by various names: granulocyte, endogenous or leukocytic pyrogen. It is a fascinating and sometimes controversial story for biology and medicine and for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Few imagined that this fever-producing protein would play such a major role in nearly every cell and in most diseases. This paper reviews the true background and milestones of interleukin1 from the purification of leukocytic pyrogen to the first cDNA of IL1β and the validation of cytokine biology from ill-defined factors to its present day importance.

20 CFR 501.1 - Definitions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Definitions. 501.1 Section 501.1 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYEES' COMPENSATION APPEALS BOARD, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR RULES OF PROCEDURE § 501.1 Definitions. (a) FECA means the Federal Employees' Compensation Act, 5 U.S.C. 8101 et seq. and any statutory...

Clinical features of Candidiasis in patients with inherited interleukin 12 receptor β1 deficiency.

Science.gov (United States)

Ouederni, Monia; Sanal, Ozden; Ikinciogullari, Aydan; Tezcan, Ilhan; Dogu, Figen; Sologuren, Ithaisa; Pedraza-Sánchez, Sigifredo; Keser, Melike; Tanir, Gonul; Nieuwhof, Chris; Colino, Elena; Kumararatne, Dinakantha; Levy, Jacov; Kutukculer, Necil; Aytekin, Caner; Herrera-Ramos, Estefanía; Bhatti, Micah; Karaca, Neslihan; Barbouche, Ridha; Broides, Arnon; Goudouris, Ekaterini; Franco, José Luis; Parvaneh, Nima; Reisli, Ismail; Strickler, Alexis; Shcherbina, Anna; Somer, Ayper; Segal, Anthony; Angel-Moreno, Alfonso; Lezana-Fernandez, José Luis; Bejaoui, Mohamed; Bobadilla-Del Valle, Miriam; Kachboura, Salem; Sentongo, Timothy; Ben-Mustapha, Imen; Bustamante, Jacinta; Picard, Capucine; Puel, Anne; Boisson-Dupuis, Stéphanie; Abel, Laurent; Casanova, Jean-Laurent; Rodríguez-Gallego, Carlos

2014-01-01

Interleukin 12Rβ1 (IL-12Rβ1)-deficient patients are prone to clinical disease caused by mycobacteria, Salmonella, and other intramacrophagic pathogens, probably because of impaired interleukin 12-dependent interferon γ production. About 25% of patients also display mucocutaneous candidiasis, probably owing to impaired interleukin 23-dependent interleukin 17 immunity. The clinical features and outcome of candidiasis in these patients have not been described before, to our knowledge. We report here the clinical signs of candidiasis in 35 patients with IL-12Rβ1 deficiency. Most (n = 71) of the 76 episodes of candidiasis were mucocutaneous. Isolated oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) was the most common presentation (59 episodes, 34 patients) and was recurrent or persistent in 26 patients. Esophageal candidiasis (n = 7) was associated with proven OPC in 2 episodes, and cutaneous candidiasis (n = 2) with OPC in 1 patient, whereas isolated vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC; n = 3) was not. Five episodes of proven invasive candidiasis were documented in 4 patients; 1 of these episodes was community acquired in the absence of any other comorbid condition. The first episode of candidiasis occurred earlier in life (median age±standard deviation, 1.5 ± 7.87 years) than infections with environmental mycobacteria (4.29 ± 11.9 years), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (4 ± 3.12 years), or Salmonella species (4.58 ± 4.17 years) or other rare infections (3 ± 11.67 years). Candidiasis was the first documented infection in 19 of the 35 patients, despite the vaccination of 10 of these 19 patients with live bacille Calmette-Guérin. Patients who are deficient in IL-12Rβ1 may have candidiasis, usually mucocutaneous, which is frequently recurrent or persistent. Candidiasis may be the first clinical manifestation in these patients.

Clinical Features of Candidiasis in Patients With Inherited Interleukin 12 Receptor β1 Deficiency

Science.gov (United States)

Ouederni, Monia; Sanal, Ozden; Ikincioğullari, Aydan; Tezcan, Ilhan; Dogu, Figen; Sologuren, Ithaisa; Pedraza-Sánchez, Sigifredo; Keser, Melike; Tanir, Gonul; Nieuwhof, Chris; Colino, Elena; Kumararatne, Dinakantha; Levy, Jacov; Kutukculer, Necil; Aytekin, Caner; Herrera-Ramos, Estefanía; Bhatti, Micah; Karaca, Neslihan; Barbouche, Ridha; Broides, Arnon; Goudouris, Ekaterini; Franco, José Luis; Parvaneh, Nima; Reisli, Ismail; Strickler, Alexis; Shcherbina, Anna; Somer, Ayper; Segal, Anthony; Angel-Moreno, Alfonso; Lezana-Fernandez, José Luis; Bejaoui, Mohamed; Bobadilla-Del Valle, Miriam; Kachboura, Salem; Sentongo, Timothy; Ben-Mustapha, Imen; Bustamante, Jacinta; Picard, Capucine; Puel, Anne; Boisson-Dupuis, Stéphanie; Abel, Laurent; Casanova, Jean-Laurent; Rodríguez-Gallego, Carlos

2014-01-01

Background. Interleukin 12Rβ1 (IL-12Rβ1)–deficient patients are prone to clinical disease caused by mycobacteria, Salmonella, and other intramacrophagic pathogens, probably because of impaired interleukin 12–dependent interferon γ production. About 25% of patients also display mucocutaneous candidiasis, probably owing to impaired interleukin 23–dependent interleukin 17 immunity. The clinical features and outcome of candidiasis in these patients have not been described before, to our knowledge. We report here the clinical signs of candidiasis in 35 patients with IL-12Rβ1 deficiency. Results. Most (n = 71) of the 76 episodes of candidiasis were mucocutaneous. Isolated oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) was the most common presentation (59 episodes, 34 patients) and was recurrent or persistent in 26 patients. Esophageal candidiasis (n = 7) was associated with proven OPC in 2 episodes, and cutaneous candidiasis (n = 2) with OPC in 1 patient, whereas isolated vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC; n = 3) was not. Five episodes of proven invasive candidiasis were documented in 4 patients; 1 of these episodes was community acquired in the absence of any other comorbid condition. The first episode of candidiasis occurred earlier in life (median age±standard deviation, 1.5 ± 7.87 years) than infections with environmental mycobacteria (4.29 ± 11.9 years), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (4 ± 3.12 years), or Salmonella species (4.58 ± 4.17 years) or other rare infections (3 ± 11.67 years). Candidiasis was the first documented infection in 19 of the 35 patients, despite the vaccination of 10 of these 19 patients with live bacille Calmette-Guérin. Conclusions. Patients who are deficient in IL-12Rβ1 may have candidiasis, usually mucocutaneous, which is frequently recurrent or persistent. Candidiasis may be the first clinical manifestation in these patients. PMID:24186907

An Exemplary High School Literary Magazine: "Et Cetera."

Science.gov (United States)

Holbrook, Hilary Taylor, Comp.

One of a series of 20 literary magazine profiles written to help faculty advisors wishing to start or improve their publication, this profile provides information on staffing and production of "Et Cetera," the magazine published by Clarkstown High School, New City, New York. The introduction describes the literary magazine contest (and…

Tšetšeenia hunt Dzhohhar / Valter Toots

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Toots, Valter

2007-01-01

Tšetšeenia presidendist Dzhohhar Dudajevist (1944-1996). Ilmunud on ka raamat : Dudajeva, Alla. Miljoni esimene : raamat Dzhohhar Dudajevist. Tartu : Ilmamaa, 2004. Järgneb: 16. mai ; 23. mai ; 30. mai ; 06. juuni ; 13. juuni ; 20. juuni ; 27. juuni ; 4. juuli ; 11. juuli ; 18. juuli ; 25. juuli ; 1. aug. ; 6. aug.

Interleukin-1 Antagonism Decreases Cortisol Levels in Obese Individuals

OpenAIRE

Urwyler, Sandrine Andrea; Schuetz, Philipp; Ebrahimi, Fahim; Donath, Marc Y.; Christ-Crain, Mirjam

2017-01-01

Increased cortisol levels in obesity may contribute to the associated metabolic syndrome. In obesity, the activated innate immune system leads to increased interleukin (IL)-1β, which is known to stimulate the release of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH).; We hypothesized that in obesity IL-1 antagonism would result in downregulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, leading to decreased cortisol levels.; In this prospective intervention study, we included 73 patients with obesity (b...

Levels of inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1beta in urine and sera of patients with urosepsis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Olszyna, D. P.; Prins, J. M.; Buis, B.; van Deventer, S. J.; Speelman, P.; van der Poll, T.

1998-01-01

The antiinflammatory cytokine response during urosepsis was determined by measurement of concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNFR) types I and II, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), soluble IL-1 receptor type II (sIL-1RII), and interleukin 10 in sera and urine of 30

De la ferme à la fourchette : liens entre productivité, nutrition et santé ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

20 sept. 2013 ... ... et aux troubles de santé qui sont reliés à la malnutrition et à l'obésité. ... Diversity in local food production combats obesity in the Caribbean ... A farm to fork approach to nutritious school meals: Tackling childhood obesity in ...

Artful Creation: Learning-tales of Arts-in-Business

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Darsø, Lotte

primært to tilgange til Arts-in-Business: 1. Kunsten anvendt som redskab i forbindelse med f.eks. teambuilding, formidlingstræning, ledelsesudvikling, problemløsning og innovation. 2. Kunsten som en integreret strategisk proces i organisatorisk forandring. Lotte Darsø har rejst verden rundt og foretaget...... 50 interview med nogle af de mest visionære og modige kunstnere og erhvervsmænd i sin søgen efter at ?kortlægge? det nye, blomstrende felt bag Arts-in-Business. I bogen undersøger, beskriver og illustrerer hun, hvordan Kunsten kan føre til nye læringsmuligheder og gennemgribende forandring inden...... for erhvervslivet. Bogen igennem fortæller folk deres fantastiske historier, som Lotte Darsø analyserer og undersøger med udgangspunkt i et sammenhængende teoretisk netværk. Målet med bogen er at påpege det store potentiale, der ligger i ?Artful Creation? og samtidig pege på, at fremkomsten af et nyt paradigme har...

God fondsledelse

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Feldthusen, Rasmus Kristian

2010-01-01

Professor Rasmus Kristian Feldthusen fra Københavns Universitets Juridiske Fakultet har til denne opdatering skrevet en artikel om god fondsledelse. Efter en række år med fokus på god selskabsledelse (corporate governance) er det nærliggende at sætte fokus på fondene. Tiden er nu moden til også...... at forholde sig til god ledelse af særligt store fonde, siger forfatteren. Dette ikke mindst henset til fondens særegne juridiske konstruktion som selvejende, hvorved der ikke er en kreds af aktionærer m.v., der kan vælge og afsætte fondsbestyrelsen. Fonden har udelukkende et offentligt tilsyn, hvilket er...... mere overordnet i dén forstand, at tilsynet ikke har eller kan have indgående indsigt i alle rigets fonde på én gang. Forfatteren gør opmærksom på, at diskussionen om god fondsledelse er et nyt tema, hvorfor artiklen givetvis ikke adresserer alle problemstillinger. Som juridiske konstruktioner...

A biocompatible micro cell culture chamber for culturing and on-line monitoring of Eukaryotic cells

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Stangegaard, Michael

2006-01-01

Visualisering af cellulære processer over længere tidsperioder har været besværliggjort af cellernes krav til varme, fugtighed og et fysiologisk pH balanceret medie. Fremskridt indenfor mikro teknologi har muliggjort fabrikation af miniaturiserede celle kultur anordninger der er i stand til...... at holde celler i live over længere tidsperioder I det foreliggende arbejde præsenteres et nyt perfusions baseret mikro celle dyrknings kultur kammer med integreret termisk overvågning og regulering. Kammeret opretholdt både dyrkning og on-line overvågning af både kræft celler såvel som stam celler over...... at dyrknings betingelserne i kammeret var sammenlignelige med dem i konventionelle celle kultur dyrknings flaske, hvis lys intensiteten på mikroskopet og omgivelserne blev minimeret mest muligt. Overflade modificeringer af den strukturelle fotoresist SU-8, der ofte bliver brugt til fabrikation af mikro kanaler...

New approach for in vivo detection of insulitis in type I diabetes: activated lymphocyte targeting with 123I-labelled interleukin 2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Signore, S.; Chianelli, M.; Ferretti, E.; Toscano, A.; Britton, K.E.; Andreani, D.; Gale, E.A.M.; Pozzilli, P.

1994-01-01

Insulitis is considered the histopathological hallmark of type I diabetes. In the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse, diabetes has never been observed in the absence of insulitis. The in vivo detection of insulitis could be of relevance for early prediction of diabetes. As approximately 15% of islet-infiltrating lymphocytes express interleukin 2 receptors, the authors have labelled recombinant inter-leukin 2 with 123 I and used this radiopharmaceutical to detect insulitis by gamma camera imaging. The authors studied 71 prediabetic NOD and 27 normal Balb/c mice. Labelled α-lactalbumin was used as the control protein. In the first set of experiments the tissue distribution of radiolabelled interleukin 2 in isolated organs from animals sacrificed at different time points was studied. Higher radioactivity was detected in the pancreas of NOD mice injected with labelled interleukin 2, as compared to NOD mice receiving labelled α-lactalbumin. In another set of experiments, gamma camera images have been acquired after injection of 123 I-labelled interleukin 2. Radioactivity in the pancreatic region of prediabetic NOD and Balb/c mice showed similar kinetics to those observed by single organ counting, with higher accumulation in the pancreatic region of NOD mice. Finally, a positive correlation was found between the radioactivity in the pancreas and the extent of lymphocytic infiltration. This study demonstrates that 123 I-labelled interleukin 2 administered intravenously accumulates specifically in the inflamed pancreas of diabetes-prone NOD mice, suggesting its potential application in human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 34 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab

Femmes et jeunes du second 20e siècle français

OpenAIRE

Sineau, Mariette

2009-01-01

Ce livre de la collection « La Fabrique de l’Histoire » vient pérenniser les récits de vie des vingtdeux femmes politiques qui ont été diffusés sur France Culture à l’été 2007. Séverine Liatard, historienne de formation et collaboratrice de l’émission, réussit le tour de force de faire revivre ces documents sonores, en resituant les itinéraires de ces actrices de l’histoire dans le contexte propre à leur époque. L’échantillon est construit comme un objet de recherch...

Facilitation de la collaboration et de l'échange d'information au sein ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

L'un des principaux objectifs du programme telecentre.org du CRDI est de soutenir les télécentres et leur milieu partout dans le monde. Ce projet permettra à telecentre.org de mener une enquête sur l'utilisation des techniques de collaboration sociale que rendent possibles les nouveaux outils et services du Web 2.0.

The pharmacokinetics, distribution and degradation of human recombinant interleukin 1 beta in normal rats

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Reimers, J; Wogensen, L D; Welinder, B

1991-01-01

Based upon in vivo rat experiments it was recently suggested that interleukin 1 in the circulation may be implicated in the initial events of beta-cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. The aim of the present study was to estimate half-lives of distribut......Based upon in vivo rat experiments it was recently suggested that interleukin 1 in the circulation may be implicated in the initial events of beta-cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. The aim of the present study was to estimate half......-lives of distribution (T1/2 alpha) and elimination phases (T1/2 beta) of human recombinant interleukin 1 beta (rIL-1 beta), and its tissue distribution and cellular localization by means of mono-labelled, biologically active 125I-rIL-1 beta. After intravenous (i.v.) injection, 125I-rIL-1 beta was eliminated from.......v., intraperitoneal (i.p.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) injections, as demonstrated by high performance size exclusion chromatography, trichloracetic acid precipitation and SDS-PAGE until 5 h after tracer injection. Pre-treatment with 'cold' rIL-1 beta enhanced degradation of a subsequent injection of tracer. The route...

Present status of LAM-80ET

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Izumi, Y.

1990-01-01

The present report briefly describes major aspects of a quasielastic neutron scattering spectrometer installed at KEK (National Laboratory for High Energy Physics, Japan). It is a latticed array mirror (LAM) spectrometer for measuring the neutron TOF which employs the KENS spallation cold neutron source and crystal analyzer mirror. This spectrometer is a very useful device to study diffusive motion or the relaxation process in molecular science and in many other fields. By measuring the quasielastic neutron scattering, one can obtain useful information for the analysis of temporal and spatial properties of atoms and molecules which are in random motion with a characteristic time of 10 -12 to 10 -9 seconds. The report then outlines major design considerations and some details of down-scattering crystal spectrometer LAM-80ET which uses a mica analyzer. Its configuration is shown and discussed. The LAM-80ET spectrometer incorporates a LAM-type analyzer mirror. Its performance is then outlined focusing on its resolution. The LAM-80ET spectrometer has demonstrated a satisfactory performance particularly in tunneling study of N-oxy γ picoline. Usefulness of the 20 K methane pulsed cold source has also been demonstrated. (N.K.)

Prednisolone phosphate-containing TRX-20 liposomes inhibit cytokine and chemokine production in human fibroblast-like synovial cells: a novel approach to rheumatoid arthritis therapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Harigai, Takashi; Hagiwara, Hitomi; Ogawa, Yumi; Ishizuka, Takanobu; Kaneda, Shinichi; Kimura, Junji

2007-01-01

To evaluate the potential of using prednisolone phosphate (PSLP)-containing 3,5-dipentadecyloxybenzamidine hydrochloride (TRX-20) liposomes to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we examined their ability to bind human fibroblast-like synovial (HFLS) cells and their effects in these cells. To test for binding, Lissamine rhodamine B-1, 2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (rhodamine)-labelled PSLP-containing TRX-20 liposomes were added to HFLS cells, and the fluorescence intensity of the rhodamine bound to the cells was evaluated. Rhodamine-labelled PSLP-containing liposomes without TRX-20 were used as a negative control. To evaluate the uptake of liposomes by the HFLS cells, we used TRX-20 liposomes containing 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (HPTS) and p-xylene-bis-pyridinium bromide (DPX), and observed the cells by fluorescence microscopy. The effects of the PSLP in TRX-20 liposomes on HFLS cells were assessed by the inhibition of the production of two inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor) and one inflammatory chemokine (interleukin 8). The interaction of the PSLP-containing TRX-20 liposomes with HFLS cells was approximately 40 times greater than that of PSLP-containing liposomes without TRX-20. PSLP-containing TRX-20 liposomes bound to HFLS cells primarily via chondroitin sulfate. TRX-20 liposomes taken up by the cell were localized to acidic compartments. Furthermore, the PSLP-containing TRX-20 liposomes inhibited the production of the inflammatory cytokines and the chemokine more effectively than did the PSLP-containing liposomes without TRX-20. These results indicate that PSLP-containing TRX-20 liposomes show promise as a novel drug delivery system that could enhance the clinical use of glucocorticoids for treating RA.

76 FR 23342 - Russell Investment Management Company, et al.;

Science.gov (United States)

2011-04-26

...] Russell Investment Management Company, et al.; Notice of Application April 20, 2011. AGENCY: Securities...: Applicants request an order that would permit (a) series of certain open-end management investment companies... registered management investment companies and unit investment trusts outside of the same group of investment...

Cytokine network in scrub typhus: high levels of interleukin-8 are associated with disease severity and mortality.

Science.gov (United States)

Astrup, Elisabeth; Janardhanan, Jeshina; Otterdal, Kari; Ueland, Thor; Prakash, John A J; Lekva, Tove; Strand, Øystein A; Abraham, O C; Thomas, Kurien; Damås, Jan Kristian; Mathews, Prasad; Mathai, Dilip; Aukrust, Pål; Varghese, George M

2014-02-01

Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is endemic in the Asia-Pacific region. Mortality is high if untreated, and even with treatment as high as 10-20%, further knowledge of the immune response during scrub typhus is needed. The current study was aimed at comparing plasma levels of a variety of inflammatory mediators in scrub typhus patients and controls in South India in order to map the broader cytokine profile and their relation to disease severity and clinical outcome. We examined plasma levels of several cytokines in scrub typhus patients (n = 129) compared to healthy controls (n = 31) and infectious disease controls (n = 31), both in the acute phase and after recovery, by multiplex technology and enzyme immunoassays. Scrub typhus patients were characterized by marked changes in the cytokine network during the acute phase, differing not only from healthy controls but also from infectious disease controls. While most of the inflammatory markers were raised in scrub typhus, platelet-derived mediators such as RANTES were markedly decreased, probably reflecting enhanced platelet activation. Some of the inflammatory markers, including various chemokines (e.g., interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant peptide-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β) and downstream markers of inflammation (e.g., C-reactive protein and pentraxin-3), were also associated with disease severity and mortality during follow-up, with a particular strong association with interleukin-8. Our findings suggest that scrub typhus is characterized by a certain cytokine profile that includes dysregulated levels of a wide range of mediators, and that this enhanced inflammation could contribute to disease severity and clinical outcome.

Correlation between Interleukin-6 and Thrombin-Antithrombin III Complex Levels in Retinal Diseases.

Science.gov (United States)

Ehrlich, Rita; Zahavi, Alon; Axer-Siegel, Ruth; Budnik, Ivan; Dreznik, Ayelet; Dahbash, Mor; Nisgav, Yael; Megiddo, Elinor; Kenet, Gili; Weinberger, Dov; Livnat, Tami

2017-09-01

This study aims to evaluate and correlate the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) in the vitreous of patients with different vitreoretinal pathologies. Vitreous samples were collected from 78 patients scheduled for pars plana vitrectomy at a tertiary medical center. Patients were divided by the underlying vitreoretinal pathophysiology, as follows: macular hole (MH)/epiretinal membrane (ERM) (n = 26); rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) (n = 32); and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) (n = 20). Levels of IL-6 and TAT were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared among the groups. A significant difference was found in the vitreal IL-6 and TAT levels between the MH/ERM group and both the PDR and RRD groups (P Diabetes was associated with higher IL-6 levels in the RRD group. Different relationships between the IL-6 and TAT levels were revealed in patients with different ocular pathologies. Our results imply that variations in vitreal TAT level may be attributable not only to an inflammatory reaction or blood-retinal barrier breakdown, but also to intraocular tissue-dependent regulation of thrombin.

Didaktik 2.0

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gynther, Karsten

2010-01-01

Læremiddel.dk – Nationalt Videncenter for Læremidler har netop afsluttet et 2-årigt udviklingsprojekt, ‘Læremiddelkultur og didaktik 2.0’. I samarbejde med lærere fra Køge, Kolding og Odense Kommune har projektet kortlagt lærere og elevers brug af gratis internetbaserede materialer med henblik på...... at udvikle og formidle viden om nye undervisnings- og arbejdsformer, der kan matche de udfordringer, som brugen af internettet gir skolen....

Interleukin-10 and Fas polymorphisms and susceptibility for (pre)neoplastic cervical disease

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zoodsma, M; Nolte, IM; Schipper, M; Oosterom, E; Van der Steege, G; De Vries, EGE; Te Meerman, GJ; Van der Zee, AGJ

2005-01-01

Infection with oncogenic types of human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main causal factor of cervical cancer and its precursor lesion (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN]). Cellular immunity may be critical in the elimination of HPV-harboring cells. Interleukin-10, a T-helper type 2 cytokine, has

Cytokine responses to two common respiratory pathogens in children are dependent on interleukin-1β

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alice C-H. Chen

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB in young children is a common cause of prolonged wet cough and may be a precursor to bronchiectasis in some children. Although PBB and bronchiectasis are both characterised by neutrophilic airway inflammation and a prominent interleukin (IL-1β signature, the contribution of the IL-1β pathway to host defence is not clear. This study aimed to compare systemic immune responses against common pathogens in children with PBB, bronchiectasis and control children and to determine the importance of the IL-1β pathway. Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs from control subjects (n=20, those with recurrent PBB (n=20 and bronchiectasis (n=20 induced high concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, interferon (IFN-γ and IL-10. Blocking with an IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra modified the cellular response to pathogens, inhibiting cytokine synthesis by NTHi-stimulated PBMCs and rhinovirus-stimulated PBMCs (in a separate PBB cohort. Inhibition of IFN-γ production by IL-1Ra was observed across multiple cell types, including CD3+ T cells and CD56+ NK cells. Our findings highlight the extent to which IL-1β regulates the cellular immune response against two common respiratory pathogens. While blocking the IL-1β pathway has the potential to reduce inflammation, this may come at the cost of protective immunity against NTHi and rhinovirus.

Very late-onset group B Streptococcus meningitis, sepsis, and systemic shigellosis due to interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-4 deficiency.

Science.gov (United States)

Krause, Jens C; Ghandil, Pegah; Chrabieh, Maya; Casanova, Jean-Laurent; Picard, Capucine; Puel, Anne; Creech, C Buddy

2009-11-01

We describe a child with very late-onset group B Streptococcus sepsis and meningitis, systemic shigellosis, and chronic osteomyelitis. Peripheral blood cells obtained from the patient and her brother did not respond to stimulation with either interleukin-1beta or lipopolysaccharide. Sequencing of the interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-4 gene revealed 2 novel mutations.

Role of Interleukin-6 and Its Receptor in Endometriosis

OpenAIRE

Li, Shihui; Fu, Xiaoxia; Wu, Tingting; Yang, Liwei; Hu, Changchang; Wu, RuiJin

2017-01-01

Background Studies have shown that the concentration of interleukin (IL)-6 in peritoneal fluid is increased in patients with endometriosis; however, whether the disorders involving IL-6 contribute to the development of endometriosis is still unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the potential role of IL-6 and IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Material/Methods We examined activated macrophages and the expression of membrane-binding receptor (mIL-6R) in peritonea...

Antiinflammatory properties of a peptide derived from interleukin-4

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Klementiev, Boris; Enevoldsen, Maj N; Li, Shizhong

2013-01-01

Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a potent antiinflammatory cytokine. However its use in the clinic is hampered by side effects. We here describe the identification of a novel synthetic peptide, termed Ph8, derived from α-helix C of IL-4, which interacts with IL-4 receptor α (IL-4Rα). Employing various...... and reduced acute inflammation in carrageenan-induced edema. Our findings indicate that Ph8 is a promising potential drug candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases....

Study of uranium - 20 Wt per cent plutonium-niobium alloys (1963); Etude d'alliages U-Pu-Nb a 20 pour cent en poids de plutonium (1963)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abgrall, J; Barthelemy, P; Boucher, R [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1963-07-01

U-Pu-Nb alloys containing 20 wt per cent Pu and 10 - 20 - 30 - 40 - 50 or 60 wt per cent Nb have been studied principally to determine the feasibility of their use as fuel element. The fabrication, casting and homogenisation presented certain difficulties due specially to niobium. The transformation temperatures, thermal expansion coefficients and nature of phases have been determined by thermal analysis, dilatometry, micrography and X Rays diffraction. For similar compositions, U-Pu-Mo and U-Pu-Nb alloys have many common points concerning the presence of zeta phase (up to 40 wt per cent Nb), the coefficients of expansion, the good behaviour during thermal cycling and the good resistance to air oxidation in spite of zeta phase. In consequence, irradiation tests in EL{sub 3} reactor (Saclay) will be carried out in the near future. (authors) [French] Les alliages a 20 pour cent de plutonium, 10 - 20 - 30 - 40 - 50 - 60 pour cent de niobium et le complement en uranium ont ete etudies du point de vue de leur possibilite d'emploi comme combustible. Les problemes d'elaboration, de mise en forme et d'homogeneisation sont presentes. Ils sont relativement delicats. On a determine par analyse thermique, dilatometrie, micrographie et diffraction des rayons X les temperatures de transformation a l'etat solide, les coefficients de dilatation et la nature des phases. Pour des teneurs analogues, on retrouve de nombreux points communs avec les alliages U-Pu-Mo: presence de la phase zeta des U-Pu a temperature moyenne, coefficients de dilatation analogues, bonne tenue en cyclage thermique et bonne resistance a l'oxydation dans l'air malgre la presence de la phase zeta. Des essais d'irradiation dans EL{sub 3} vont etre entrepris. (auteurs)

Human interleukin for DA cells or leukemia inhibitory factor is released by Vero cells in human embryo coculture.

Science.gov (United States)

Papaxanthos-Roche, A; Taupin, J L; Mayer, G; Daniel, J Y; Moreau, J F

1994-09-01

In the light of the newly discovered implications of human interleukin for DA cells and leukemia inhibitory factor in embryology, we searched for the presence of this soluble cytokine in the supernatant of Vero cell coculture systems. Using a bioassay as well as a specific ELISA, we demonstrated that Vero cells are able to release large quantities of human interleukin for DA cells and leukemia inhibitory factor in the embryo-growing medium of such cocultures.

Nyt forskningscenter skal granske privatlivet

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Munck Petersen, Trine

2017-01-01

Trine Munk Petersen interviewer Peter Thule Kristenensen og Mette Birkedal Bruun om det nye grundforskningscenter Centre for Privacy Studies, som KADK er en del af......Trine Munk Petersen interviewer Peter Thule Kristenensen og Mette Birkedal Bruun om det nye grundforskningscenter Centre for Privacy Studies, som KADK er en del af...

Nyt perspektiv på turismeudvikling

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kvistgaard, Peter

2005-01-01

Manglende viden om og forkerte opfattelser af, hvad oplevelser er, og hvad turister efterspørger, kan koste arbejdspladser nu og i fremtiden. Hvis eksempelvis lokalbefolkning og turismeudviklere fejlvurderer, hvilke oplevelser turister efterspørger i Nordjylland, ja så kan konsekvenserne være...

In vivo effect of interleukin-1beta and interleukin-1RA on oocyte cytoplasmic maturation, ovulation, and early embryonic development in the mare

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gérard Nadine

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract A growing body of evidence suggests that the interleukin-1 system is involved in periovulatory events. Previous work from our lab demonstrated that in the mare, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta increases the ovulatory rate of metaphase II oocytes. The present study was conducted to analyze in vivo the effect of IL-1 on oocyte cytoplasmic maturation, ovulation and pregnancy rate. In the present work, IL-1beta (experiment 1, n = 13; experiment 2, n = 25 and interleukin-1RA (IL-1RA; experiment 1, n = 25 were injected intrafollicularly by using the transvaginal ultrasound-guided injection method. Injections were performed on cyclic mares when the diameter of the growing dominant follicle reached 30–34 mm. In experiment 1, mares were inseminated the day of the treatment and all the other day until ovulation. The time of ovulation was determined and a pregnancy diagnosis was performed 14 days after ovulation of the injected follicle. In experiment 2, the cumulus-oocyte complex from each injected follicle was collected by transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration 38 h after the intrafollicular injection. Oocyte nuclear stage and oocyte cytoplasmic maturation were assessed by analyzing chromatin configuration, cortical granules migration and mitochondria distribution under a confocal microscope. The results from experiment 1 confirm that an intrafollicular injection of 1 microgram IL-1beta induces ovulation in the mare whereas IL-1RA has no effect at the dose used in the present study. Furthemore, we demonstrated, that in our experimental conditions, IL-1beta and IL-1RA induced a decrease in embryo development. Experiment 2 leads us to observe that IL-1beta is unable to induce cortical granules migration and remodelling of mitochondria, that commonly occurs during oocyte maturation, whereas it acts on nuclear maturation. This result may explain the decrease in embryo development we observed after IL-1beta intrafollicular injection. In conclusion

Figures mythiques et histoire. Réinterprétations et contrastes entre Orient et Occident

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Denise Aigle

2009-05-01

Full Text Available L'histoire de l'Orient musulman est jalonnée de grands personnages qui servent de modèles de référence et d'ancêtres fondateurs, certains hérités de l'islam, d'autres de l'Antiquité et de la Bible. Leur figure s'est transformée en Orient musulman à partir du Xe siècle, largement sous l'influence du Shâh-nâma, quand se sont multipliées les dynasties indépendantes, puis à la suite de l'irruption des Turcs, des Croisés et des Mongols. Les exemples de Saladin et de Gengis Khan illustrent le renouvellement des modèles, leur extension et leurs réinterprétations successives. La créativité mythique apparaît comme un acte culturel, de portée éminemment politique. La carrière d'un grand conquérant comme Tamerlan a servi de modèle à ses épigones pour justifier leurs prétentions territoriales. Les références bibliques attestées dans le Coran ont permis d'intégrer les Turcs, puis les Mongols, dans l'histoire de la Création, comme descendants de l'un des trois fils de Noé. Des rattachements bibliques anciens ont valorisé les musulmans des régions de la Volga à partir du XVIIIe siècle, ainsi que les différents peuples chrétiens et musulmans du Caucase, région riche en références bibliques comme l'échouage de l'arche de Noé sur le mont Ararat et l'enfermement des peuples de Gog et Magog derrière des portes de fer.

Efficacy and Safety of Anti-Interleukin-5 Therapy in Patients with Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fa-Ping Wang

Full Text Available Recent trials have assessed the efficacy and safety of novel monoclonal antibodies such as reslizumab and benralizumab. However, the overall efficacy and safety anti-interleukin (IL 5 treatment in asthma have not been thoroughly assessed.Randomized controlled trials (RCTs of anti-IL-5 treatment on patients with asthma published up to October 2016 in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL that reported pulmonary function, quality of life scores, asthmatic exacerbation rate, blood and sputum eosinophil counts, short-acting β-agonist (SABA rescue use, and adverse events were included. The pooled mean difference, and relative risks (RR, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs were calculated using random-effects models.Twenty studies involving 7100 patients were identified. Pooled analysis revealed significant improvements in FEV1 (first second forced expiratory volume (MD = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.06-0.12, I2 = 10%, FEV1% (MD = 3.75, 95% CI: 1.66-5.83, I2 = 19%, Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ score (MD = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.15-0.30, I2 = 0%, decreased blood, sputum eosinophils and asthmatic exacerbation (RR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.59-0.73, I2 = 51%; peak expiratory flow (PEF (MD = 5.45, 95% CI: -2.83-13.72, I2 = 0%, histamine PC20 (MD = -0.62, 95% CI: -1.92-0.68, I2 = 0% or SABA rescue use (MD = -0.11, 95% CI: -0.3-0.07, I2 = 30% were unaffected; adverse events were not increased (RR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.89-0.98, I2 = 46%. No publication bias was observed (Egger's P = 0.78.Anti-interleukin 5 monoclonal therapies for asthma could be safe for slightly improving FEV1 (or FEV1% of predicted value, quality of life, and reducing exacerbations risk and blood and sputum eosinophils, but have no significant effect on PEF, histamine PC20, and SABA rescue use. Further trials required to establish to clarify the optimal antibody for different patients.

Figures mythiques et histoire. Réinterprétations et contrastes entre Orient et Occident

OpenAIRE

Aigle, Denise

2009-01-01

L'histoire de l'Orient musulman est jalonnée de grands personnages qui servent de modèles de référence et d'ancêtres fondateurs, certains hérités de l'islam, d'autres de l'Antiquité et de la Bible. Leur figure s'est transformée en Orient musulman à partir du Xe siècle, largement sous l'influence du Shâh-nâma, quand se sont multipliées les dynasties indépendantes, puis à la suite de l'irruption des Turcs, des Croisés et des Mongols. Les exemples de Saladin et de Gengis Khan illustrent le renou...

Interleukin-1 signaling is essential for host defense during murine pulmonary tuberculosis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Juffermans, N. P.; Florquin, S.; Camoglio, L.; Verbon, A.; Kolk, A. H.; Speelman, P.; van Deventer, S. J.; van der Poll, T.

2000-01-01

Interleukin (IL)-1 signaling is required for the containment of infections with intracellular microorganisms, such as Listeria monocytogenes and Leishmania major. To determine the role of IL-1 in the host response to tuberculosis, we infected IL-1 type I receptor-deficient (IL-1R(-/-)) mice, in

Fasting metabolism modulates the interleukin-12/interleukin-10 cytokine axis.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Johannes J Kovarik

Full Text Available A crucial role of cell metabolism in immune cell differentiation and function has been recently established. Growing evidence indicates that metabolic processes impact both, innate and adaptive immunity. Since a down-stream integrator of metabolic alterations, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR, is responsible for controlling the balance between pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL-12 and anti-inflammatory IL-10, we investigated the effect of upstream interference using metabolic modulators on the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Cytokine release and protein expression in human and murine myeloid cells was assessed after toll-like receptor (TLR-activation and glucose-deprivation or co-treatment with 5'-adenosine monophosphate (AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK activators. Additionally, the impact of metabolic interference was analysed in an in-vivo mouse model. Glucose-deprivation by 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG increased the production of IL-12p40 and IL-23p19 in monocytes, but dose-dependently inhibited the release of anti-inflammatory IL-10. Similar effects have been observed using pharmacological AMPK activation. Consistently, an inhibition of the tuberous sclerosis complex-mTOR pathway was observed. In line with our in vitro observations, glycolysis inhibition with 2-DG showed significantly reduced bacterial burden in a Th2-prone Listeria monocytogenes mouse infection model. In conclusion, we showed that fasting metabolism modulates the IL-12/IL-10 cytokine balance, establishing novel targets for metabolism-based immune-modulation.

Fasting metabolism modulates the interleukin-12/interleukin-10 cytokine axis

Science.gov (United States)

Kernbauer, Elisabeth; Hölzl, Markus A.; Hofer, Johannes; Gualdoni, Guido A.; Schmetterer, Klaus G.; Miftari, Fitore; Sobanov, Yury; Meshcheryakova, Anastasia; Mechtcheriakova, Diana; Witzeneder, Nadine; Greiner, Georg; Ohradanova-Repic, Anna; Waidhofer-Söllner, Petra; Säemann, Marcus D.; Decker, Thomas

2017-01-01

A crucial role of cell metabolism in immune cell differentiation and function has been recently established. Growing evidence indicates that metabolic processes impact both, innate and adaptive immunity. Since a down-stream integrator of metabolic alterations, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), is responsible for controlling the balance between pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-12 and anti-inflammatory IL-10, we investigated the effect of upstream interference using metabolic modulators on the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Cytokine release and protein expression in human and murine myeloid cells was assessed after toll-like receptor (TLR)-activation and glucose-deprivation or co-treatment with 5′-adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activators. Additionally, the impact of metabolic interference was analysed in an in-vivo mouse model. Glucose-deprivation by 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) increased the production of IL-12p40 and IL-23p19 in monocytes, but dose-dependently inhibited the release of anti-inflammatory IL-10. Similar effects have been observed using pharmacological AMPK activation. Consistently, an inhibition of the tuberous sclerosis complex-mTOR pathway was observed. In line with our in vitro observations, glycolysis inhibition with 2-DG showed significantly reduced bacterial burden in a Th2-prone Listeria monocytogenes mouse infection model. In conclusion, we showed that fasting metabolism modulates the IL-12/IL-10 cytokine balance, establishing novel targets for metabolism-based immune-modulation. PMID:28742108

Immunoexpression of interleukin 17, transforming growth factor β1, and forkhead box P3 in periapical granulomas, radicular cysts, and residual radicular cysts.

Science.gov (United States)

Andrade, Ana Luiza Dias Leite de; Nonaka, Cassiano Francisco Weege; Gordón-Núñez, Manuel Antonio; Freitas, Roseana de Almeida; Galvão, Hébel Cavalcanti

2013-08-01

Different cell types and cytokines have been identified as contributors to the formation of periapical lesions. In this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate the immunoexpression of interleukin (IL)-17, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and the forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) in periapical lesions, correlating them with the type of lesion, the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate, and the thickness of the cystic epithelial lining. Twenty periapical granulomas (PGs), 20 radicular cysts (RCs), and 20 residual radicular cysts (RRCs) were submitted to immunohistochemical analysis using anti-IL-17, anti-TGF-β1, and anti-FoxP3 antibodies. In comparison with PGs and RCs, RRCs exhibited a lower immunoexpression of IL-17 and TGF-β1 (P = .021 and P periapical lesions. Copyright © 2013 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Suppression of interleukin-6-induced C-reactive protein expression by FXR agonists

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhang Songwen; Liu Qiangyuan; Wang Juan; Harnish, Douglas C.

2009-01-01

C-reactive protein (CRP), a human acute-phase protein, is a risk factor for future cardiovascular events and exerts direct pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic properties. The farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, plays an essential role in the regulation of enterohepatic circulation and lipid homeostasis. In this study, we report that two synthetic FXR agonists, WAY-362450 and GW4064, suppressed interleukin-6-induced CRP expression in human Hep3B hepatoma cells. Knockdown of FXR by short interfering RNA attenuated the inhibitory effect of the FXR agonists and also increased the ability of interleukin-6 to induce CRP production. Furthermore, treatment of wild type C57BL/6 mice with the FXR agonist, WAY-362450, attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced serum amyloid P component and serum amyloid A3 mRNA levels in the liver, whereas no effect was observed in FXR knockout mice. These data provide new evidence for direct anti-inflammatory properties of FXR.

Interleukin-19 in Breast Cancer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ying-Yin Chen

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Inflammatory cytokines within the tumor microenvironment are linked to progression in breast cancer. Interleukin- (IL- 19, part of the IL-10 family, contributes to a range of diseases and disorders, such as asthma, endotoxic shock, uremia, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis. IL-19 is expressed in several types of tumor cells, especially in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, tongue, esophagus, and lung and invasive duct carcinoma of the breast. In breast cancer, IL-19 expression is correlated with increased mitotic figures, advanced tumor stage, higher metastasis, and poor survival. The mechanisms of IL-19 in breast cancer have recently been explored both in vitro and in vivo. IL-19 has an autocrine effect in breast cancer cells. It directly promotes proliferation and migration and indirectly provides a microenvironment for tumor progression, which suggests that IL-19 is a prognostic marker in breast cancer and that antagonizing IL-19 may have therapeutic potential.

New approach for in vivo detection of insulitis in type I diabetes: activated lymphocyte targeting with [sup 123]I-labelled interleukin 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Signore, S.; Chianelli, M.; Ferretti, E.; Toscano, A.; Britton, K.E.; Andreani, D.; Gale, E.A.M.; Pozzilli, P. (Clinical Medica II, Univ. of Rome (Italy))

1994-10-01

Insulitis is considered the histopathological hallmark of type I diabetes. In the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse, diabetes has never been observed in the absence of insulitis. The in vivo detection of insulitis could be of relevance for early prediction of diabetes. As approximately 15% of islet-infiltrating lymphocytes express interleukin 2 receptors, the authors have labelled recombinant inter-leukin 2 with [sup 123]I and used this radiopharmaceutical to detect insulitis by gamma camera imaging. The authors studied 71 prediabetic NOD and 27 normal Balb/c mice. Labelled [alpha]-lactalbumin was used as the control protein. In the first set of experiments the tissue distribution of radiolabelled interleukin 2 in isolated organs from animals sacrificed at different time points was studied. Higher radioactivity was detected in the pancreas of NOD mice injected with labelled interleukin 2, as compared to NOD mice receiving labelled [alpha]-lactalbumin. In another set of experiments, gamma camera images have been acquired after injection of [sup 123]I-labelled interleukin 2. Radioactivity in the pancreatic region of prediabetic NOD and Balb/c mice showed similar kinetics to those observed by single organ counting, with higher accumulation in the pancreatic region of NOD mice. Finally, a positive correlation was found between the radioactivity in the pancreas and the extent of lymphocytic infiltration. This study demonstrates that [sup 123]I-labelled interleukin 2 administered intravenously accumulates specifically in the inflamed pancreas of diabetes-prone NOD mice, suggesting its potential application in human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 34 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.

Le succès du web 2.0 : histoire, techniques et controverse.

OpenAIRE

Le Deuff , Olivier

2007-01-01

The success of Web 2.0 requires an analysis to delimit a word which borders are confused. We try here to found some explanations on this phenomenon.; Le succès du web 2.0 nécessite une analyse afin de tenter de définir un terme fortement employé depuis quelques mois mais dont il est très difficile de déterminer les frontières tant théoriques que techniques. Nous tentons ici d'apporter quelques éclaircissements sur ce phénomène.

Anirban Mukhopadhyay : Migration et adaptation dans les deltas ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

20 mars 2015 ... Son dernier projet, dans le cadre du programme Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation, consistait à modéliser l'incidence des changements climatiques et de l'élévation du niveau de la mer sur les mangroves des Sundarbans au Bangladesh. C'est ensuite avec beaucoup d'enthousiasme qu'il s'est ...

Correlation between serum interleukin-6 level and type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Yin-Ling; Qiao, Yong-Chao; Pan, Yan-Hong; Xu, Yan; Huang, Yong-Cheng; Wang, Yin-Hui; Geng, Li-Jun; Zhao, Hai-Lu; Zhang, Xiao-Xi

2017-06-01

This report aimed to explore the association between the change of circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients and the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Four databases (PubMed, CNKI, WanFang and Civip) were used to search and list all clinical case-control studies about serum IL-6 level in T1DM patients between Jan 1, 2000 and Aug 31, 2016. A total of 20 case-control studies with 1238 T1DM patients and 742 healthy controls were included in this study. Compared to healthy controls, the serum content of IL-6 in patients with T1DM was significantly greater (overall: SMD, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.93; pAmerican group (SMD, 1.68; 95% CI, 0.85-2.51; pdiabetes mellitus. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Study of uranium - 20 Wt per cent plutonium-niobium alloys (1963); Etude d'alliages U-Pu-Nb a 20 pour cent en poids de plutonium (1963)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abgrall, J.; Barthelemy, P.; Boucher, R. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1963-07-01

U-Pu-Nb alloys containing 20 wt per cent Pu and 10 - 20 - 30 - 40 - 50 or 60 wt per cent Nb have been studied principally to determine the feasibility of their use as fuel element. The fabrication, casting and homogenisation presented certain difficulties due specially to niobium. The transformation temperatures, thermal expansion coefficients and nature of phases have been determined by thermal analysis, dilatometry, micrography and X Rays diffraction. For similar compositions, U-Pu-Mo and U-Pu-Nb alloys have many common points concerning the presence of zeta phase (up to 40 wt per cent Nb), the coefficients of expansion, the good behaviour during thermal cycling and the good resistance to air oxidation in spite of zeta phase. In consequence, irradiation tests in EL{sub 3} reactor (Saclay) will be carried out in the near future. (authors) [French] Les alliages a 20 pour cent de plutonium, 10 - 20 - 30 - 40 - 50 - 60 pour cent de niobium et le complement en uranium ont ete etudies du point de vue de leur possibilite d'emploi comme combustible. Les problemes d'elaboration, de mise en forme et d'homogeneisation sont presentes. Ils sont relativement delicats. On a determine par analyse thermique, dilatometrie, micrographie et diffraction des rayons X les temperatures de transformation a l'etat solide, les coefficients de dilatation et la nature des phases. Pour des teneurs analogues, on retrouve de nombreux points communs avec les alliages U-Pu-Mo: presence de la phase zeta des U-Pu a temperature moyenne, coefficients de dilatation analogues, bonne tenue en cyclage thermique et bonne resistance a l'oxydation dans l'air malgre la presence de la phase zeta. Des essais d'irradiation dans EL{sub 3} vont etre entrepris. (auteurs)

Environmental Fate and Transport of a New Energetic Material, CL-20

Science.gov (United States)

2006-03-01

fifteen terrestrial plants exposed to concentrations up to 4,000 mg kg-1, Winfield et al. (2004) determined that the sunflower Helianthus annuus L. was...are 43, 3.3 and 3.2 mg l-1 at 20°C, respectively (Monteil-Rivera et al., 2004). For phytoremediation purposes, Groom et al. (2002) compared the...seedlings and embryos of sunflower Helianthus annuus, Winfield (2001) calculated much higher BAFs of 310.8 and 381.5 after 6-weeks of exposure to

Delirium after interleukin-2 and alpha-interferon therapy for renal cell carcinoma

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Van Steijn, JHM; Nieboer, P; Hospers, GAP; De Vries, EGE; Mulder, NH

2001-01-01

A 55-year-old man receiving alpha-interferon and interieukin-2 therapy for renal cell carcinoma presented with seizures and delirium. A CT-scan of the cerebrum did not reveal any disorder. Both alpha-interferon and interleukin-2 were stopped Treatment with steroids led to complete regression of

Cloning and sequencing of Indian Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) interleukin-3 cDNA

KAUST Repository

Sugumar, Thennarasu; Harishankar, M.; Dhinakar Raj, G.

2011-01-01

Full-length cDNA (435 bp) of the interleukin-3(IL-3) gene of the Indian water buffalo was amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. This sequence had 96% nucleotide identity and 92% amino acid identity with bovine

Interleukin gene polymorphisms and breast cancer: a case control study and systematic literature review

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Balasubramanian, SP; Azmy, IAF; Higham, SE; Wilson, AG; Cross, SS; Cox, A; Brown, NJ; Reed, MW

2006-01-01

Interleukins and cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of many solid cancers. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in cytokine genes are thought to influence the expression or function of these proteins and many have been evaluated for their role in inflammatory disease and cancer predisposition. The aim of this study was to evaluate any role of specific SNPs in the interleukin genes IL1A, IL1B, IL1RN, IL4R, IL6 and IL10 in predisposition to breast cancer susceptibility and severity. Candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in key cytokine genes were genotyped in breast cancer patients and in appropriate healthy volunteers who were similar in age, race and sex. Genotyping was performed using a high throughput allelic discrimination method. Data on clinico-pathological details and survival were collected. A systematic review of Medline English literature was done to retrieve previous studies of these polymorphisms in breast cancer. None of the polymorphisms studied showed any overall predisposition to breast cancer susceptibility, severity or to time to death or occurrence of distant metastases. The results of the systematic review are summarised. Polymorphisms within key interleukin genes (IL1A, IL1B, IL1RN, IL4R, IL6 and IL10 do not appear to play a significant overall role in breast cancer susceptibility or severity

Unusual interleukin-1 and -6 expression in fetal cartilage is associated with placental abnormalities.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Robert Klepacz

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Unusual expression of interleukin-1alpha, -1beta and -6 was previously found in the epiphyseal cartilage of rat fetuses prenatally exposed to various non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID, i.e., ibuprofen, piroxicam, tolmetin and selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (DFU. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of placenta in such phenomenon. Morphology of the organ, thickness of basal and labyrinth layer, immunoexpression of COX isoenzymes were examined, and confronted with maternal biochemical data and fetal developmental parameters. Higher maternal urea level, as well as lower placental weight and labyrinth thickness were found in the group of fetuses who revealed expression of genes coded the selected interleukins, when compared with the xenobiotic-exposed pups without the selected genes expression and untreated control. A significant correlation between placental weight and maternal total protein or urea level was revealed. Histological changes like inflammatory infiltration and calcification were observed sporadically. Location and intensity of COX-1 staining was similar in all cases. However, more intense COX-2 staining for majority of cells of the basal zone and in dispersed giant cells of the labyrinth was found in inflamed organs. It could be concluded that abnormal expression of the selected interleukins is associated with low placental weight and decrease of its thickness, especially labyrinth zone, as well as with high maternal urea level.

Synthetic alleles at position 121 define a functional domain of human interleukin-1 beta.

Science.gov (United States)

Ambrosetti, D C; Palla, E; Mirtella, A; Galeotti, C; Solito, E; Navarra, P; Parente, L; Melli, M

1996-06-01

The non-conservative substitution of the tyrosine residue at position 121 of human interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) generates protein mutants showing strong reduction of the capacity to induce (a) prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release from fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells, (b) murine T-cells proliferation and (c) activation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene expression. It is generally accepted that these functions are mediated by the type-I interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1RI). However, the mutant proteins maintain the binding affinity to the types-I and II IL-1 receptors, which is the same as the control IL-1 beta, suggesting that this amino acid substitution does not alter the structure of the molecule, except locally. Thus we have identified a new functional site of IL-1 beta different from the known receptor binding region, responsible for fundamental IL-1 beta functions. Moreover, we show that the same mutants maintain at least two hypothalamic functions, that is, the in vitro short-term PGE2 release from rat hypothalamus and the induction of fever in rabbits. This result suggests that there is yet another site of the molecule responsible for the hypothalamic functions, implying that multiple active sites on the IL-1 beta molecule, possibly binding to more than one receptor chain, trigger different signals.

Increased Interleukin-6 Activity Associated with Painful Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Women after Breast Cancer Treatment

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Angela Starkweather

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Accumulating evidence suggests that neural-immune interactions are involved in the development of painful chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, particularly through the increased release of proinflammatory cytokines. The purpose of this study was used to evaluate levels of interleukin [IL]-6 and IL-6 receptors in women with breast cancer after the conclusion of chemotherapy who either had painful symptoms of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN group, N=20 or did not experience CIPN symptoms (Comparison group, N=20. CIPN participants had significantly higher levels of IL-6 and soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R compared to women without CIPN symptoms (P<.001 for both. In addition, soluble gp130, which blocks the IL-6/sIL-6R complex from binding to gp130 within the cellular membrane, was significantly lower (P<.01. Circulating concentrations of sIL-6R were inversely correlated with the density of IL-6R on the cell surface of monocytes in the total sample (r=−.614,P=.005. These findings suggest that IL-6 transsignaling may be an important biological mechanism associated with the persistence of painful CIPN symptoms, with potential implications for symptom management and research.

Interleukin-6 and Cyclooxygenase-2 downregulation by fatty-acid fractions of Ranunculus constantinopolitanus.

Science.gov (United States)

Fostok, Sabreen F; Ezzeddine, Rima A; Homaidan, Fadia R; Al-Saghir, Jamal A; Salloum, Ralph G; Saliba, Najat A; Talhouk, Rabih S

2009-11-16

Medicinal plants represent alternative means for the treatment of several chronic diseases, including inflammation. The genus Ranunculus, a representative of the Ranunculaceae family, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiviral, antibacterial, antiparasitic and antifungal activities, possibly due to the presence of anemonin and other. Different studies have shown the occurrence of unusual fatty acids (FAs) in Ranunculaceae; however, their therapeutic role has not been investigated. The purpose of this study is to characterize potential anti-inflammatory bioactivities in Ranunculus constantinopolitanus D'Urv., traditionally used in Eastern Mediterranean folk medicine. The aerial part of R. constantinopolitanus was subjected to methanol (MeOH) extraction and solvent fractionation. The bioactive fraction (I.2) was further fractionated using column chromatography, and the biologically active subfraction (Y2+3) was identified using infrared (IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The effects of I.2 and Y2+3 on cell viability were studied in mouse mammary epithelial SCp2 cells using trypan blue exclusion method. To study the anti-inflammatory activities of I.2 and Y2+3, their ability to reduce interleukin (IL)-6 levels was assessed in endotoxin (ET)-stimulated SCp2 cells using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, the ability of Y2+3 to reduce cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression was studied in IL-1-treated mouse intestinal epithelial Mode-K cells via western blotting. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK), Tukey HSD, two-sample t-test and Dunnett t-tests for multiple comparisons. The chloroform fraction (I.2) derived from crude MeOH extract of the plant, in addition to Y2+3, a FA mix isolated from this fraction and containing palmitic acid, C18:2 and C18:1 isomers and stearic acid (1:5:8:1 ratio), reduced ET-induced IL-6

Interleukin-6 and Cyclooxygenase-2 downregulation by fatty-acid fractions of Ranunculus constantinopolitanus

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Al-Saghir Jamal A

2009-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Medicinal plants represent alternative means for the treatment of several chronic diseases, including inflammation. The genus Ranunculus, a representative of the Ranunculaceae family, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiviral, antibacterial, antiparasitic and antifungal activities, possibly due to the presence of anemonin and other. Different studies have shown the occurrence of unusual fatty acids (FAs in Ranunculaceae; however, their therapeutic role has not been investigated. The purpose of this study is to characterize potential anti-inflammatory bioactivities in Ranunculus constantinopolitanus D'Urv., traditionally used in Eastern Mediterranean folk medicine. Methods The aerial part of R. constantinopolitanus was subjected to methanol (MeOH extraction and solvent fractionation. The bioactive fraction (I.2 was further fractionated using column chromatography, and the biologically active subfraction (Y2+3 was identified using infrared (IR spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS. The effects of I.2 and Y2+3 on cell viability were studied in mouse mammary epithelial SCp2 cells using trypan blue exclusion method. To study the anti-inflammatory activities of I.2 and Y2+3, their ability to reduce interleukin (IL-6 levels was assessed in endotoxin (ET-stimulated SCp2 cells using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA. In addition, the ability of Y2+3 to reduce cyclooxygenase (COX-2 expression was studied in IL-1-treated mouse intestinal epithelial Mode-K cells via western blotting. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA, Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK, Tukey HSD, two-sample t-test and Dunnett t-tests for multiple comparisons. Results The chloroform fraction (I.2 derived from crude MeOH extract of the plant, in addition to Y2+3, a FA mix isolated from this fraction and containing palmitic acid, C18:2 and C18:1 isomers and stearic acid

Et kors er ikke bare et kors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bach-Nielsen, Carsten

2015-01-01

Om et kors, der er rejst uden for den danske kirke i Bruxelles; formodentlig en afledning af det såkaldte Brabanterkors.......Om et kors, der er rejst uden for den danske kirke i Bruxelles; formodentlig en afledning af det såkaldte Brabanterkors....

Education civique et morale au Togo - diagnostic : stratégies et ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Education civique et morale (ECM), cette étude entreprend un diagnostic des pratiques ... l'étude propose des paramètres de refondation et d'innovations curriculaires, et en développe des exigences fondamentales, les stratégies opératoires et les ...

Gastric inflammatory markers and interleukins in patients with functional dyspepsia treated with astaxanthin

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, L.P.; Holck, Susanne; Kupcinskas, L.

2007-01-01

The chronic active inflammation caused by Helicobacter pylori is dominated by neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes and plasma cells. Several interleukins are involved in the inflammatory process. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of astaxanthin on gastric inflammation in patien...

Pharmacodynamic model of interleukin-21 effects on red blood cells in cynomolgus monkeys

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Overgaard, Rune Viig; Karlsson, M.; Ingwersen, S.H.

2007-01-01

of treatment. The present analysis investigates the observed pharmacodynamics effects on red blood cells following various treatment schedules of human IL-21 administrated to cynomolgus monkeys. These effects are described by a novel non-linear mixed-effects model that enabled separation of drug effects......Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a novel cytokine that is currently under clinical investigations as a potential anti-cancer agent. Like many other anti-cancer agents, including other interleukins, IL-21 is seen to produce a broad range of biological effects that may be related to both efficacy and safety...... and sampling effects, the latter believed to be due partly to blood loss and partly to stress induced haemolysis in connection with blood sampling. Two different studies with a total of 9 different treatment groups of cynomolgus monkeys were used for model development. In conclusion, the model describes the IL...

Mesurer et comparer les contextes et les politiques alimentaires en ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

En Amérique latine, les maladies non transmissibles (MNT) sont responsables de trois décès sur quatre. Une mauvaise alimentation fait augmenter de plus en plus les décès et les maladies évitables et prématurées liés aux MNT. Dans le but de régler ce problème, ce projet suivra et comparera les contextes et les ...

Energy economy 2005 - 2030. Roads to a new energy system; Energioekonomi 2005 - 2030. Veje til et nyt energisystem

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Illum, K.

2004-11-01

The task of restructuring Denmark's present fossil fuel based energy system to a new system with a considerably reduced consumption of fossil fuels is major. As the new energy system will form technological basis for all society functions, the restructuring implies that institutional conditions and economic distribution mechanisms are adjusted in a suitable way. The first barrier to surmount in order to pave the way for a rational analysis of opportunities is stereotype conceptions of the meaning of the words used during presentation and discussion of energy problems. Denmark has a unique starting point for strategic energy planning. Due to the first oil crisis in 1974 the Danish Parliament and government initiated preparation of the data collecting process necessary for solid energy planning. A number of unique databases have been compiled in close co-operation between government, local authorities, and electricity and district heating companies. The precondition of bringing the extensive data material to good use in planning and follow up of strategic energy planning is that a system of computer software that can bring data from all the partial systems from the energy system to use in coherent scenario calculations is introduced, thus enabling mapping of technological and socio economic latitude. In principle it is a public database based information system resembling information systems used for strategic planning in larger private organizations. An energy information system prototype has been made in the form of SESAM, Sustainable Energy Systems Analysis Model. In this report the methodical basis and content of SESAM are described and a series of scenario calculations are presented. Thus, the report demonstrates how a national or multi-national energy information system might contribute to the information basis of energy policy planning. (BA)

The Immunoregulatory Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Psoriasis via its Action on Interleukin: Advances and Considerations.

Science.gov (United States)

Wu, Minfeng; Deng, Yu; Li, Su; Chen, Yu; Guo, Dongjie; Jin, Xingxiu; Xu, Qi; Li, Bin; Li, Fulun

2018-05-08

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous disease characterized by clinical manifestations of erythema and white scales. The pathogenesis of psoriasis is not yet clear. Despite a combination of hormonal therapy and physiotherapy used in Western medicine, the condition often relapses after withdrawal of drugs. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has therapeutic features and may be a clinically effective formula by regulating unbalanced immune systems, such as by targeting interleukins. In this paper, we review recent research about how Chinese medicine immunoregulates psoriasis via interleukins, and systematically summarizes the related mechanisms. There are three common pathways leading to psoriasis: (1) Th17 cells secrete IL-17, which is stimulated by IL-23; (2) Th1 cells secrete IL-21, TNF-[Formula: see text] and IFN-[Formula: see text], with the help of Th17 cells; (3) Th22 cells secrete IL-22 under the stimulation of Th17 cells. Clinical and experiment data indicate that TCM could modify psoriasis by antagonizing or regulating interleukin and IL-23/IL-17 axis to inhibit the main pathways.

Expression of antimicrobial peptides and interleukin-8 during early stages of inflammation: An experimental gingivitis study.

Science.gov (United States)

Dommisch, H; Staufenbiel, I; Schulze, K; Stiesch, M; Winkel, A; Fimmers, R; Dommisch, J; Jepsen, S; Miosge, N; Adam, K; Eberhard, J

2015-12-01

In the oral cavity, the epithelial surface is constantly exposed to a number of different microorganisms that are organized in a well-structured biofilm. The aim of this study was to monitor gingival expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in an early gingivitis model. Experimental gingivitis was allowed to develop in healthy volunteers (n = 17). Bleeding on probing (BOP%) and gingival crevicular fluid volume (GCF) were assessed at baseline and day 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14. Expression of AMPs (human beta-defensin-2, hBD-2; CC-chemokine ligand 20, CCL20; psoriasin, pso/S100A7) and IL-8 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in gingival biopsies. In addition, hBD-2 and IL-8 protein expression was monitored in GCF using the ELISA technology. Experimental gingivitis gradually developed with an increase in BOP scores and GCF volume over time. In GCF, elevated concentrations of hBD-2 and IL-8 were monitored at day 1, 5 and 7 (p ≤ 0.0002). Immunohistochemical analysis of gingival sections demonstrated increased staining for hBD-2 at day 3, whereas the CCL20, pso/S100A7, and IL-8 expression was increased at later time points (p gingival inflammation. Differential temporal expression for AMPs may ensure a constant antimicrobial activity against changes in the bacterial composition of the growing dental biofilm. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Digital forskningsformidling - Kommunikative potentialer ved at anvende Web 2.0 til videnskonstruktion

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bang, Jørgen; Dalsgaard, Christian

2008-01-01

kommunikations- og formidlingsmuligheder, der eksisterer i nye digitale medier (Finnemann 2005), ofte kaldet Web 2.0. Det centrale spørgsmål er: Hvordan kan man formidle forskning gennem digitale medier? Artiklen er et indledende studie i et større projekt om potentialerne i digital forskningsformidling i...

Cytokine Network in Scrub Typhus: High Levels of Interleukin-8 Are Associated with Disease Severity and Mortality

Science.gov (United States)

Astrup, Elisabeth; Janardhanan, Jeshina; Otterdal, Kari; Ueland, Thor; Prakash, John A. J.; Lekva, Tove; Strand, Øystein A.; Abraham, O. C.; Thomas, Kurien; Damås, Jan Kristian; Mathews, Prasad; Mathai, Dilip; Aukrust, Pål; Varghese, George M.

2014-01-01

Background Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is endemic in the Asia-Pacific region. Mortality is high if untreated, and even with treatment as high as 10–20%, further knowledge of the immune response during scrub typhus is needed. The current study was aimed at comparing plasma levels of a variety of inflammatory mediators in scrub typhus patients and controls in South India in order to map the broader cytokine profile and their relation to disease severity and clinical outcome. Methodology/Principal Findings We examined plasma levels of several cytokines in scrub typhus patients (n = 129) compared to healthy controls (n = 31) and infectious disease controls (n = 31), both in the acute phase and after recovery, by multiplex technology and enzyme immunoassays. Scrub typhus patients were characterized by marked changes in the cytokine network during the acute phase, differing not only from healthy controls but also from infectious disease controls. While most of the inflammatory markers were raised in scrub typhus, platelet-derived mediators such as RANTES were markedly decreased, probably reflecting enhanced platelet activation. Some of the inflammatory markers, including various chemokines (e.g., interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant peptide-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β) and downstream markers of inflammation (e.g., C-reactive protein and pentraxin-3), were also associated with disease severity and mortality during follow-up, with a particular strong association with interleukin-8. Conclusions/Significance Our findings suggest that scrub typhus is characterized by a certain cytokine profile that includes dysregulated levels of a wide range of mediators, and that this enhanced inflammation could contribute to disease severity and clinical outcome. PMID:24516677

Cytokine network in scrub typhus: high levels of interleukin-8 are associated with disease severity and mortality.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elisabeth Astrup

2014-02-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is endemic in the Asia-Pacific region. Mortality is high if untreated, and even with treatment as high as 10-20%, further knowledge of the immune response during scrub typhus is needed. The current study was aimed at comparing plasma levels of a variety of inflammatory mediators in scrub typhus patients and controls in South India in order to map the broader cytokine profile and their relation to disease severity and clinical outcome. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We examined plasma levels of several cytokines in scrub typhus patients (n = 129 compared to healthy controls (n = 31 and infectious disease controls (n = 31, both in the acute phase and after recovery, by multiplex technology and enzyme immunoassays. Scrub typhus patients were characterized by marked changes in the cytokine network during the acute phase, differing not only from healthy controls but also from infectious disease controls. While most of the inflammatory markers were raised in scrub typhus, platelet-derived mediators such as RANTES were markedly decreased, probably reflecting enhanced platelet activation. Some of the inflammatory markers, including various chemokines (e.g., interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant peptide-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β and downstream markers of inflammation (e.g., C-reactive protein and pentraxin-3, were also associated with disease severity and mortality during follow-up, with a particular strong association with interleukin-8. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings suggest that scrub typhus is characterized by a certain cytokine profile that includes dysregulated levels of a wide range of mediators, and that this enhanced inflammation could contribute to disease severity and clinical outcome.

Établir un consensus sur la prévention de la violence et la sécurité ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

20 avr. 2016 ... ... pratiques prometteuses, modèles d'intervention, méthodologies et politiques publiques qui renforcent la sécurité des jeunes et promeuvent leur inclusion économique au Mexique et en Amérique centrale. Pour en savoir plus sur le Dialogue de Limon : Prevención de la violencia en Centroamérica.

Contrast media effect on interleukin-2 levels in human plasma in vitro

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Napolov, Yu.K.; Borsukova, N.M.; Shimanovskij, N.L.

1992-01-01

As shown in the study of bilignost, iodamide and triombrast action on interleukin-2 (IL-2) level in human plasma in vitro, these contrast media (2.5x10 -2 -2.5x10 -4 M) elevate IL-2 content in blood plasma of sensitive to contrast media subjects in dose-dependent manner

Translation initiation on mRNAs bound by nuclear cap-binding protein complex CBP80/20 requires interaction between CBP80/20-dependent translation initiation factor and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3g.

Science.gov (United States)

Choe, Junho; Oh, Nara; Park, Sungjin; Lee, Ye Kyung; Song, Ok-Kyu; Locker, Nicolas; Chi, Sung-Gil; Kim, Yoon Ki

2012-05-25

In the cytoplasm of mammalian cells, either cap-binding proteins 80 and 20 (CBP80/20) or eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF) 4E can direct the initiation of translation. Although the recruitment of ribosomes to mRNAs during eIF4E-dependent translation (ET) is well characterized, the molecular mechanism for CBP80/20-dependent translation (CT) remains obscure. Here, we show that CBP80/20-dependent translation initiation factor (CTIF), which has been shown to be preferentially involved in CT but not ET, specifically interacts with eIF3g, a component of the eIF3 complex involved in ribosome recruitment. By interacting with eIF3g, CTIF serves as an adaptor protein to bridge the CBP80/20 and the eIF3 complex, leading to efficient ribosome recruitment during CT. Accordingly, down-regulation of CTIF using a small interfering RNA causes a redistribution of CBP80 from polysome fractions to subpolysome fractions, without significant consequence to eIF4E distribution. In addition, down-regulation of eIF3g inhibits the efficiency of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, which is tightly coupled to CT but not to ET. Moreover, the artificial tethering of CTIF to an intercistronic region of dicistronic mRNA results in translation of the downstream cistron in an eIF3-dependent manner. These findings support the idea that CT mechanistically differs from ET.

Islet cytotoxicity of interleukin 1. Influence of culture conditions and islet donor characteristics

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mandrup-Poulsen, T; Spinas, G A; Prowse, S J

1987-01-01

We recently demonstrated that the macrophage product interleukin 1 (IL-1) is cytotoxic to isolated pancreatic islets and hypothesized that IL-1 is responsible for beta-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). We studied whether the variation in IDDM preponderance with age, ...

Interleukin-8 induces motile behavior and loss of focal adhesions in primary fibroblasts

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dunlevy, J R; Couchman, J R

1995-01-01

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a proinflammatory cytokine that promotes neutrophil migration. Although fibroblasts are known to secrete IL-8, the actions of this cytokine on fibroblasts have not been previously reported. We have found that in subconfluent populations of cultured primary fibroblasts, IL-8...

Jeg Er blevet FRANKofil

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersson, Lasse

2014-01-01

afhængig af Frank Underwood fra serien House of Cards på den fremadstormende TV-streamingstjenesten Netflix. Jeg har opdaget et nyt internetbaseret datingforhold. Et surrealt, fedt miks af det kyniske og joviale personificeret i karakteren Frank Underwood, som er helt igennem ubehagelig, men fantastisk...... spillet af Kevin Spacey. Og tak til Spacey der for en tid har forladt teateret ’The Old Vic’ i London for at begejstre mig. Der er generelt to årsager til mine FRANKofile tilbøjeligheder. For det første er Netflix’s remake af den tyve år gamle BBC serie House of Cards efter min menig et stykke tv...... anden grund, til at jeg er blevet Frankofil, er, at jeg ikke skal sidde og vente på næste søndag efter søndag efter søndag for at få lov at se næste afsnit. Netflix lagde alle tretten timer af sæson 2 ud på nettet. Jeg afgør selv, hvornår jeg skal have mere Frank! Men på trods af mit narkomanlignende...

Interleukin 1-beta analysis in chronically inflamed and healthy human dental pulp

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Šubarić Ljiljana

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Background/Aim. Proinflammatory cytokines can act like endogenous pyrogen interleukin 1 (IL-1, interleukin 6 (IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF α which regulate the synthesis of secondary mediators and other proinflammatory cytokines through macrophages and mesenchymal cells. They stimulate acute-phase proteins and attract inflammatory cells. The aim of this study was to determine interleukin 1-β (IL-1 β concentrations in chronically inflamed and healthy dental pulps. Methods. A total of 41 pulps (19 from patients with pulpitis chronic causa and 22 from patients with pulpatis chronic aperta, divided into two groups, were obtained from teeth with chronic pulp inflammation. The control group consisted of 12 teeth with healthy pulp. After extirpation, pulp samples were immediately placed in sterile Eppendorf tubes and frozen. After that, homogenisation was performed by a Teflon® pestle in ice-cold phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.4 whose volume was adjusted according to the weight of tissue. The supernatant was then frozen at -70°C until the performance of appropriate biochemical analyses. Cytokine IL-1 β value was determined by a commercial enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA test. We applied the high sensitivity system technique, which may register low levels of cytokines, ranging from 0.125 to 8.0 pg/mL for IL-1 β. Results. By comparing the mean value of IL-1β, in the pulps we can see a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01 among them. The highest value of IL-1 β was in the subjects with pulpitis chronica clausa and it was 6.21 ± 2.70 pg/mL. Conclusion. Proinflammatory cytokine IL-1 β is present in detectable quantities in the pulp tissue of all vital pulps. Its highest concentrations were found in the sample group with pulpitis chronica clausa.

Involvement of interleukin-8 in dialysis-related arthritis.

Science.gov (United States)

Takayama, F; Miyazaki, T; Aoyama, I; Tsukushi, S; Sato, M; Yamazaki, C; Shimokata, K; Niwa, T

1998-04-01

To elucidate the role of interleukin (IL)-8, a chemotactic factor for neutrophils, in dialysis-related arthritis (DRA) of patients on long-term hemodialysis, the concentration of IL-8 was measured in the synovial fluids of DRA patients with acute arthralgia and joint swelling, and was compared with those in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and patients with osteoarthritis (OA). We noted a marked elevation of IL-8 in the joint fluids of patients with DRA and RA as compared with OA. Furthermore, to determine the role of IL-8 in synovitis, we examined the in vivo effect of intra-articular injection of human recombinant IL-8 on leukocyte infiltration into the joint space of rabbits. A single injection of IL-8 to the joints of rabbits induced rapid infiltration of neutrophils into the joint space and synovial tissues, which reached a maximum in four hours. The oral administration of indometacin farnesil (a prodrug that is converted to indomethacin after intestinal absorption) before the injection of IL-8 alleviated the infiltration of neutrophils. When human synovial cells were incubated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, the expression of IL-8 mRNA and IL-8 production in the cultured synovial cells were increased. The TNF-alpha-stimulated expression of IL-8 mRNA and IL-8 production in the cultured synovial cells were markedly inhibited by dexamethasone. In conclusion, IL-8 levels were markedly elevated in the joint fluids of patients with DRA. Interleukin-8 released from synovial cells may be an important factor to induce acute inflammation in DRA. Dexamethasone and indomethacin may be effective for DRA by inhibiting the production and chemotactic actions of IL-8, respectively.

IgG autoantibodies against interleukin 1 alpha in sera of normal individuals

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Svenson, M; Poulsen, L K; Fomsgaard, A

1989-01-01

A pool of human sera from healthy blood donors was found to interfere competitively with the binding of 125I-labelled human recombinant interleukin 1 alpha (rIL-1 alpha) to the murine T-cell line EL4. The interference was reversible at the cellular level, and direct binding of the ligand to serum...

Cortisol, Interleukins and S100B in Delirium in the Elderly

Science.gov (United States)

van Munster, Barbara C.; Bisschop, Peter H.; Zwinderman, Aeilko H.; Korevaar, Johanna C.; Endert, Erik; Wiersinga, W. Joost; van Oosten, Hannah E.; Goslings, J. Carel; de Rooij, Sophia E. J. A.

2010-01-01

In independent studies delirium was associated with higher levels of cortisol, interleukin(IL)s, and S100B. The aim of this study was to simultaneously compare cortisol, IL-6, IL-8, and S100B levels in patients aged 65 years and older admitted for hip fracture surgery with and without delirium. Cortisol, IL-6, IL-8, and S100B were assayed in…

DMPD: Mechanisms of selection mediated by interleukin-7, the preBCR, and hemokinin-1during B-cell development. [Dynamic Macrophage Pathway CSML Database

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 14962188 Mechanisms of selection mediated by interleukin-7, the preBCR, and hemokin...ng) (.svg) (.html) (.csml) Show Mechanisms of selection mediated by interleukin-7, the preBCR, and hemokinin...-1during B-cell development. PubmedID 14962188 Title Mechanisms of selection medi

The safety of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (anakinra in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

L. Riente

2011-09-01

Full Text Available The safety profile of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (anakinra has been studied with randomised, placebo-controlled trials involving 2932 patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis. The most frequently reported adverse events were represented by injection site reactions (71% and headache (13.6%. No statistically significant difference in the incidence of infections was observed among the patients treated with the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and the patients receiving placebo. In particular, the incidence of serious infections was 1,8% in rheumatoid arthritis patients on anakinra therapy and 0,7% in patients on placebo. The reported serious infections consisted of pneumonia, cellulitis, bone and joint infections, bursitis. No case of opportunistic infections or tubercolosis was observed. The results of clinical studies suggest that anakinra is a new well-tolerated drug for the treatment of patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis.

Thyroid Storm Provoked by Interleukin-2 Therapy for Metastatic Melanoma

OpenAIRE

Yao-Chung Liu; Ming-Hung Hu; Yuan-Hao Yang; Jyh-Pyng Gau; Jin-Hwang Liu

2014-01-01

With the growing use of immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer and autoimmune disease, severe autoimmune thyroid dysfunction may be provoked at an increasing rate. We herein report a 49-year-old male patient experiencing a life- threatening thyroid storm provoked by interleukin-2 (IL-2). This was a case of pulmonary metastasis of melanoma without a previous history of thyroid dysfunction. For the metastatic melanoma, he underwent combined immunochemotherapy including dacarbazine and IL-2. T...

Interleukin 6 modulates acetylcholinesterase activity of brain neurons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Clarencon, D.; Multon, E.; Galonnier, M.; Estrade, M.; Fournier, C.; Mathieu, J.; Mestries, J.C.; Testylier, G.; Fatome, M.

1995-01-01

Classically, radiation injuries results in a peripheral inflammatory process, and we have previously observed an early systemic interleukin 6 (IL-6) release following whole-body irradiation. Besides, we have demonstrated an early decrease of rat or primate brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity a gamma exposure. The object of the present study is to find possible IL-6 systemic effects on the brain AChE activity. We show that, though intravenous (i.v.) or intra-cerebro-ventricular (ICV) injection of IL-6 can induce a drop in rat brain AChE activity, this cytokine induces only a slight decrease of the AChE release in cultured brain cells. (author)

Changes of interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 in brain and plasma after brain injury in rats

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

朱涛; 姚智; 袁汉娜; 陆伯刚; 杨树源

2004-01-01

Objective: To study the changes of interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in brain and plasma after brain injury and to assess the relationship between the cytokine levels and injury severity in rats. Methods: A total of 51 male Wistar rats, weighing 280-340 g, were anesthetized with chloral hydrate (400 mg/kg body weight) through intraperitoneal injection and fixed on a stereotaxic instrument. Severe brain injury was created in 16 rats (severe injury group) and moderate brain injury in 18 rats (moderate injury group) by a fluid percussion model, and cytokine levels of IL-1β, TNFα and IL-6 were measured with biological assay. And sham operation was made on the other 17 rats (control group). Results: In the control group, the levels of IL-1β, TNFα and IL-6 were hardly detected in the cortex of the rats, but in the ipsilateral cortex of the rats in both injury groups, they increased obviously at 8 hours after injury. The increasing degree of these cytokines had no significant difference between the two injury groups. The levels of IL-6 in the plasma of all the rats increased slightly, whereas the levels of IL-1β and TNFα were undetectable. Conclusions: The increase of IL-1β, TNFα and IL-6 levels is closely related to brain injury. The increased cytokine levels in the central nervous system are not parallel to those in the peripheral blood. It suggests that inflammatory cytokines play important roles in the secondary neural damage after brain injury.

Læremiddelevaluering af web 2.0 læremidler

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Falkesgaard Slot, Marie; Gissel, Stig Toke

2014-01-01

Kapitlet etablerer og afprøver et analyseapparat, der bidrager til at højne kvaliteten af de valg, som foretages af web 2.0-læremidler i danskfaget. I kapitlet fokuseres der på læremiddel evaluering af nogle af de funktioner, som typisk tilskrives web 2.0-værktøjerne, ligesom der gives eksempler på...

Arthritis is inhibited in Borrelia-primed and infected interleukin-17A-deficient mice after administration of anti-gamma-interferon, anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha and anti-interleukin-6 antibodies.

Science.gov (United States)

Kuo, Joseph; Warner, Thomas F; Schell, Ronald F

2017-08-31

The role that cytokines play in the induction of Lyme arthritis is gradually being delineated. We showed previously that severe arthritis developed in a T-cell-driven murine model, even in mice lacking interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and administered anti-gamma-interferon (IFN-γ) antibody. Increased levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), two pro-inflammatory cytokines, were detected in cultures of popliteal lymph node cells obtained from these mice. We hypothesized that concomitantly administered anti-IL-6, anti-TNF-α and anti-IFN-γ antibodies would inhibit the development of arthritis in IL-17A-deficient mice. Our results showed that swelling of the hind paws and histopathological changes consistent with arthritis were significantly reduced in IL-17A-deficient mice that administered the three anti-cytokine antibodies. These results suggest that treatment with multiple anti-cytokine antibodies can abrogate the induction of Lyme arthritis in mice. © FEMS 2017. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Large-scale meta-analysis of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist polymorphisms on risk of radiographic hip and knee osteoarthritis and severity of knee osteoarthritis.

Science.gov (United States)

Kerkhof, H J M; Doherty, M; Arden, N K; Abramson, S B; Attur, M; Bos, S D; Cooper, C; Dennison, E M; Doherty, S A; Evangelou, E; Hart, D J; Hofman, A; Javaid, K; Kerna, I; Kisand, K; Kloppenburg, M; Krasnokutsky, S; Maciewicz, R A; Meulenbelt, I; Muir, K R; Rivadeneira, F; Samuels, J; Sezgin, M; Slagboom, E; Smith, A J P; Spector, T D; Tamm, A; Tamm, A; Uitterlinden, A G; Wheeler, M; Zhai, G; Zhang, W; van Meurs, J B J; Valdes, A M

2011-03-01

To clarify the role of common genetic variation in the Interleukin-1β (IL1B) and Interleukin-1R antagonist (IL1RN) genes on risk of knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA) and severity of knee OA by means of large-scale meta-analyses. We searched PubMed for articles assessing the role of IL1B and IL1RN polymorphisms/haplotypes on the risk of hip and/or knee OA. Novel data were included from eight unpublished studies. Meta-analyses were performed using fixed- and random-effects models with a total of 3595 hip OA and 5013 knee OA cases, and 6559 and 9132 controls respectively. The role of ILRN haplotypes on radiographic severity of knee OA was tested in 1918 cases with Kellgren-Lawrence (K/L) 1 or 2 compared to 199 cases with K/L 3 or 4. The meta-analysis of six published studies retrieved from the literature search and eight unpublished studies showed no evidence of association between common genetic variation in the IL1B or IL1RN genes and risk of hip OA or knee OA (P>0.05 for rs16944, rs1143634, rs419598 and haplotype C-G-C (rs1143634, rs16944 and rs419598) previously implicated in risk of hip OA). The C-T-A haplotype formed by rs419598, rs315952 and rs9005, previously implicated in radiographic severity of knee OA, was associated with reduced severity of knee OA (odds ratio (OR)=0.71 95%CI 0.56-0.91; P=0.006, I(2)=74%), and achieved borderline statistical significance in a random-effects model (OR=0.61 95%CI 0.35-1.06 P=0.08). Common genetic variation in the Interleukin-1 region is not associated with prevalence of hip or knee OA but our data suggest that IL1RN might have a role in severity of knee OA. Copyright © 2010 Osteoarthritis Research Society International. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Incorporation du coprah et des cuticules de cacao et d'arachide ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Incorporation du coprah et des cuticules de cacao et d'arachide dans l'aliment du ( tilapia du nil( ( Oreohromis niloticus , linné, 1758) eleve en etang : Effet sur la croissance et la composition biochimique.

Serum interleukin 17, interleukin 23, and interleukin 10 values in children with atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS): association with clinical severity and phenotype.

Science.gov (United States)

Leonardi, Salvatore; Cuppari, Caterina; Manti, Sara; Filippelli, Martina; Parisi, Giuseppe Fabio; Borgia, Francesco; Briuglia, Silvana; Cannavò, Patrizia; Salpietro, Annamaria; Arrigo, Teresa; Salpietro, Carmelo

2015-01-01

To date cytokines profile in AEDS is poorly described in children. We evaluated the interleukin (IL)-17, IL-23, and IL-10 levels in atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS) children and healthy controls, in atopic AEDS (aAEDS) and nonatopic (naAEDS) subtypes and their relationship with disease severity. A total of 181 children with aAEDS and 93 healthy children were evaluated. According to the skin-prick test (SPT) for allergens and serum total IgE, all patients were subdivided in two groups: 104 aAEDS and 77 naAEDS. In all patients, serum IL-17, IL-23, and IL-10 levels were detected. Serum IL-17 and IL-23 levels were significantly higher, and serum IL-10 levels were significantly lower in AEDS children than healthy group (p children with only allergic sensitization. Our study confirms the role of IL-17, IL-23, and IL-10 and their relationship with the severity of AEDS. We firstly found a correlation between high IL-17/IL-23 axis levels and different phenotypes of AEDS in children, suggesting its role as marker of "atopic march" and disease severity.

20 CFR 638.528 - Social Security.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Social Security. 638.528 Section 638.528... TITLE IV-B OF THE JOB TRAINING PARTNERSHIP ACT Center Operations § 638.528 Social Security. The Act provides that students are covered by title II of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 401 et seq.) and shall...

Intraperitoneal interleukin-8 and neutrophil influx in the initial phase of a CAPD peritonitis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Betjes, M. G.; Visser, C. E.; Zemel, D.; Tuk, C. W.; Struijk, D. G.; Krediet, R. T.; Arisz, L.; Beelen, R. H.

1996-01-01

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether or not a change in dialysate interleukin-8 (IL-8) concentration precedes the onset of clinically overt peritonitis and is significant in the recruitment of granulocytes during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)-related peritonitis. DESIGN: CAPD

Intratumoural interleukin-2 therapy can induce regression of non-resectable mastocytoma in dogs

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ziekman, P.G.P.M; den Otter, W.; Tan, J.F.V.; Teske, E.; Kirpensteijn, J.; Koten, J.W.; Jacobs, J.J.

2013-01-01

Abstract AIM: Mast cell tumours (MCT) are common skin tumours in dogs. If complete surgical removal of the tumours is not possible, then another therapy is needed. In the current study we tested the therapeutic effect of intratumoural injection of interleukin-2 (IL-2). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven

RECOMBINANT HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-6 INDUCES A RAPID AND REVERSIBLE ANEMIA IN CANCER-PATIENTS

NARCIS (Netherlands)

NIEKEN, J; MULDER, NH; VELLENGA, E; LIMBURG, PC; PIERS, DA; DEVRIES, EGE

1995-01-01

Initial studies have shown that recombinant human interleukin-6 (rhIL-6) induces anemia. Until now, the pathophysiologic mechanism of this induced anemia has been unknown. To unravel the underlying mechanism, we examined 15 cancer patients receiving rhIL-6 as an antitumor immunotherapy in a phase II

Interleukin-12 induces sustained activation of multiple host inflammatory mediator systems in chimpanzees

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lauw, F. N.; Dekkers, P. E.; te Velde, A. A.; Speelman, P.; Levi, M. [=Marcel M.; Kurimoto, M.; Hack, C. E.; van Deventer, S. J.; van der Poll, T.

1999-01-01

To determine in vivo effects of interleukin (IL)-12 on host inflammatory mediator systems, 4 healthy chimpanzees received recombinant human IL-12 (1 microg/kg) by intravenous injection. IL-12 induced increases in plasma concentrations of IL-15, IL-18, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), plus a marked

Urine interleukin-8 is a marker for urinary tract infection in postoperative patients

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Olszyna, D. P.; Vermeulen, H.; Baan, A. H.; Speelman, P.; van Deventer, S. J.; Gouma, D. J.; van der Poll, T.

2001-01-01

BACKGROUND: Urine of patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) contains high levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8. However, knowledge of the kinetics of their release in urine is limited. We therefore compared the appearance of IL-6 and IL-8 in urine after uncomplicated surgery and surgery

Relation Between Interleukin-1-β And Interleukin-8 Levels In Breast Milk (Colostrum) And Neonatal Physiological Jaundice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mohamed, A.A.; Moawad, A.T.; Marei, E.S.

2011-01-01

The immune system of neonates is influenced by maternal immunity during pregnancy and lactation. Breast-fed neonates have higher incidence of neonatal jaundice and higher level of total serum bilirubin than formula-fed infants. The aim of this study was to find a relationship between neonatal physiological jaundice and interleukin-1-beta (IL-1-β) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in the colostrum of nursing mothers. Breast milk (colostrum) was collected from 45 nursing mothers of healthy full term neonates. The sharing mothers and their neonates were divided into two groups according to the presence of neonatal jaundice and the level of total serum bilirubin. All jaundiced neonates had total serum bilirubin level more than 12 mg/dl which appeared on the third postpartum day, all of them were breast-fed only. They were subjected to full history through clinical examination and laboratory investigations including determination of colostral levels of IL-1-β and IL-8, by ELISA, and determination of neonatal total serum bilirubin levels. This study revealed that mothers of neonates with physiological jaundice had higher concentrations of IL-1-β and IL-8 in their colostrums as compared with control group. Moreover, it displayed that total serum bilirubin level of jaundiced neonates was higher than its level in non-jaundiced neonates. There were significant correlations between IL- 1-β and IL-8 with mother's age in all groups, while there were inverse correlations between IL-1-β, IL-8 and gestational age of non- jaundiced neonates. Additionally, there was significant correlation between IL-1-β and IL-8 in the colostrum of all mothers enrolled in this study. On the other hand, no correlation was determined between cytokines IL-1-β, IL-8 and total serum bilirubin in all neonates sharing in this study. This study clearly demonstrated that the levels of immunomodulating agents such as cytokines IL-1-β and IL-8 were elevated in the colostrum of mothers with jaundiced neonates

78 FR 59383 - Principal Management Corporation, et al.; Notice of Application

Science.gov (United States)

2013-09-26

... sections 12(d)(1)(A) and (B) of the Act. Applicants: Principal Management Corporation (``PMC''), Principal... SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION [Investment Company Act Release No. 30692; 812-14136] Principal Management Corporation, et al.; Notice of Application September 20, 2013. AGENCY: Securities and Exchange...

Interleukin-1 and cutaneous inflammation: a crucial link between innate and acquired immunity.

Science.gov (United States)

Murphy, J E; Robert, C; Kupper, T S

2000-03-01

As our primary interface with the environment, the skin is constantly subjected to injury and invasion by pathogens. The fundamental force driving the evolution of the immune system has been the need to protect the host against overwhelming infection. The ability of T and B cells to recombine antigen receptor genes during development provides an efficient, flexible, and powerful immune system with nearly unlimited specificity for antigen. The capacity to expand subsets of antigen-specific lymphocytes that become activated by environmental antigens (memory response) is termed "acquired" immunity. Immunologic memory, although a fundamental aspect of mammalian biology, is a relatively recent evolutionary event that permits organisms to live for years to decades. "Innate" immunity, mediated by genes that remain in germ line conformation and encode for proteins that recognize conserved structural patterns on microorganisms, is a much more ancient system of host defense. Defensins and other antimicrobial peptides, complement and opsonins, and endocytic receptors are all considered components of the innate immune system. None of these, however, are signal-transducing receptors. Most recently, a large family of cell surface receptors that mediate signaling through the NF-kappaB transcription factor has been identified. This family of proteins shares striking homology with plant and Drosophila genes that mediate innate immunity. In mammals, this family includes the type I interleukin-1 receptor, the interleukin-18 receptor, and a growing family of Toll-like receptors, two of which were recently identified as signal-transducing receptors for bacterial endotoxin. In this review, we discuss how interleukin-1 links the innate and acquired immune systems to provide synergistic host defense activities in skin.

Étude du profil cytokinique de patients atteints d’hydatidose : une possible application en matière d’immunosurveillance

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mezioug D.

2009-03-01

Full Text Available L’hydatidose est une zoonose endémique en Algérie et dans les pays du Maghreb. L’objectif de notre travail a porté sur l’exploration des cytokines exprimées dans le parcours des réponses immunitaires au cours de l’infection par Echinococcus granulosus. Cette étude a été réalisée en vue de situer l’implication du rapport Th1/Th2 dans l’évolution de la pathologie en fonction de la localisation anatomique du kyste, le stade et l’évolution clinique. Un dosage de l’interféron-γ (IFN-γ, de l’interleukine-12 (Il-12, de l’interleukine-16 (Il-16, de l’interleukine-18 (Il-18, de l’interleukine-4 (Il-4, de l’interleukine-5 (Il-5, de l’interleukine-10 (Il-10 et de l’interleukine-13 (Il-13 dans les sérums de patients algériens (n = 177 porteurs de kystes hydatiques au niveau hépatique, pulmonaire, hépatique et pulmonaire associés, splénique, rénale, osseux, cardiaque et multiples a été entrepris. L’analyse du profil des cytokines a été également réalisée chez les patients présentant des formes à complication (fissuration du kyste, rupture, calcification du kyste et les patients en phase de récidive et selon le stade clinique (pré- et post-opératoire. L’identification et l’évaluation des activités des cytokines considérées ont été réalisées par un dosage immuno-enzymatique (ELISA sandwich selon les méthodes préconisées par immunotech (France. Des teneurs significatives en IFN-γ, Il-12, Il-16, Il-18, Il-4, Il-5, Il-10 et Il-13 ont été détectées dans les sérums des patients en comparaison aux sujets “contrôles” (p < 0,001, suggérant la coexistence des deux voies Th1 et Th2 dans le mécanisme de défense mis en jeu par l’homme au cours de l’évolution de la parasitose. La comparaison des niveaux de production de ces médiateurs en fonction de la localisation anatomique des kystes montre que les teneurs sériques en IFN-γ, Il-12, Il-16 et Il-18, mesurées chez

Involvement of interleukin-23 induced by Porphyromonas endodontalis lipopolysaccharide in osteoclastogenesis

OpenAIRE

Ma, Nan; Yang, Di; Okamura, Hirohiko; Teramachi, Jumpei; Hasegawa, Tomokazu; Qiu, Lihong; Haneji, Tatsuji

2016-01-01

Periapical lesions are characterized by the destruction of periapical bone, and occur as a result of local inflammatory responses to root canal infection by microorganisms including Porphyromonas endodontalis (P. endodontalis). P. endodontalis and its primary virulence factor, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), are associated with the development of periapical lesions and alveolar bone loss. Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is critical in the initiation and progression of periodontal disease via effects on peri...