An Electrochemical Sensor Based on Nanostructured Hollandite-type Manganese Oxide for Detection of Potassium Ions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alex S. Lima

2009-08-01

Full Text Available The participation of cations in redox reactions of manganese oxides provides an opportunity for development of chemical sensors for non-electroactive ions. A sensor based on a nanostructured hollandite-type manganese oxide was investigated for voltammetric detection of potassium ions. The detection is based on the measurement of anodic current generated by oxidation of Mn(III to Mn(IV at the surface of the electrode and the subsequent extraction of the potassium ions into the hollandite structure. In this work, an amperometric procedure at an operating potential of 0.80 V (versus SCE is exploited for amperometric monitoring. The current signals are linearly proportional to potassium ion concentration in the range 4.97 × 10−5 to 9.05 × 10−4 mol L−1, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9997.

Maison de verre / Zonestraal. Relato de dos edificios

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jan Molema

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Desde los años sesenta del siglo XX el sanatorio Zonnestraal de Hilversum y la Maison de Verre en París han sido descritos extensamente en la literatura de la arquitectura moderna. Sin embargo, no se ha hecho ningún esfuerzo por colocarlos juntos en un mismo relato. Este ensayo es un esfuerzo para enmendar ese vacío. Ambos están relacionados íntimamente por sus autores: Bernard Bijvoet, como codiseñador de los planos de la Maison, y Johannes Duiker, quien trabajó con el anterior en los preliminares de Zonnestraal, aunque lo finalizó en solitario, al mismo tiempo que se terminó el diseño de la casa. En el trabajo se cuestiona además, ofreciendo fundadas conjeturas, la creencia establecida de que se precisó una nueva estructura metálica para sustentar la inalterada vivienda situada encima de la Maison de Verre.

Evolution of the uranium local environment during alteration of SON68 glass

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jollivet, Patrick; Auwer, Christophe Den; Simoni, Eric

2002-01-01

The speciation of uranium in SON68 glass specimens doped with 0.75-3.5 wt% uranium and in the gels formed by alteration of the specimens was investigated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. In the glasses, uranium is present at oxidation state VI and coordination number 6 with the same average distances than those found in a UO 3 type environment. The U-O distances and uranium coordination numbers are identical throughout the uranium concentration range. During glass alteration the uranium remains at oxidation state VI in the gels, but was found in the uranyl form. An increase in the equatorial distances (from 2.20 and 2.32 A in the glass to respectively 2.22 and 2.39 A in the gel) and coordination numbers (to about 7 and 8, respectively) was observed

Use of glasses as industrial dosimeters; Utilisation des verres comme dosimetres industriels

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Balestic, F. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires; Le Clerc, P.; Bonnaud, M. [Centre de Recherches des Glaceries de Saint-Gobain (France)

1959-07-01

Glasses have the property of colouring under the action of ionizing radiations. We endeavoured to specify the conditions under which the intensity of coloration can be used as a measure of the quantity of radiation to which the glass has been submitted. In the case of a glass loaded with cobalt, a study of the optical density at different wavelengths enabled us to find the factors governing the formation of coloured centres and their conservation in the glass. We give a set of calibrating curves for different values of these parameters (irradiation rate, irradiation temperature; fading time and fading temperature), enabling determination of radiation doses in the range from 10 000 to 1 000 000 rep from measured optical density. (author) [French] Les verres ont la propriete de se colorer sous l'action des rayonnements ionisants. Nous avons cherche a preciser les conditions dans lesquelles l'intensite de la coloration peut servir de mesure de la quantite du rayonnement auquel le verre a ete soumis. Dans le cas d'un verre charge au cobalt, l'etude de la densite optique a differentes longueurs d'onde a mis en evidence divers facteurs dont depend la formation des centres colores et leur conservation dans le verre. En prenant comme parametres ces divers facteurs (temperature d'irradiation, intensite d'irradiation, temperature de conservation et duree de conservation) nous avons etabli des courus d'etalonnage permettant la determination de doses entre 10 000 et 1 000 000 rep d'apres la densite optique observee. (auteur)

Use of glasses as industrial dosimeters; Utilisation des verres comme dosimetres industriels

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Balestic, F [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France).Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires; Le Clerc, P; Bonnaud, M [Centre de Recherches des Glaceries de Saint-Gobain (France)

1959-07-01

Glasses have the property of colouring under the action of ionizing radiations. We endeavoured to specify the conditions under which the intensity of coloration can be used as a measure of the quantity of radiation to which the glass has been submitted. In the case of a glass loaded with cobalt, a study of the optical density at different wavelengths enabled us to find the factors governing the formation of coloured centres and their conservation in the glass. We give a set of calibrating curves for different values of these parameters (irradiation rate, irradiation temperature; fading time and fading temperature), enabling determination of radiation doses in the range from 10 000 to 1 000 000 rep from measured optical density. (author) [French] Les verres ont la propriete de se colorer sous l'action des rayonnements ionisants. Nous avons cherche a preciser les conditions dans lesquelles l'intensite de la coloration peut servir de mesure de la quantite du rayonnement auquel le verre a ete soumis. Dans le cas d'un verre charge au cobalt, l'etude de la densite optique a differentes longueurs d'onde a mis en evidence divers facteurs dont depend la formation des centres colores et leur conservation dans le verre. En prenant comme parametres ces divers facteurs (temperature d'irradiation, intensite d'irradiation, temperature de conservation et duree de conservation) nous avons etabli des courus d'etalonnage permettant la determination de doses entre 10 000 et 1 000 000 rep d'apres la densite optique observee. (auteur)

The role of pH in the vapor hydration at 175 °C of the French SON68 glass

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ait Chaou, Abdelouahed; Abdelouas, Abdesselam; El Mendili, Yassine; Martin, Christelle

2017-01-01

The French simulated nuclear waste SON68 glass was altered in the presence of water vapor at 175 °C and 98% of relative humidity under several atmospheres (NH_3, H_2S, CO_2 and argon). The objectives were to study the role of pH on hydration kinetics and secondary phases formation. The hydration was followed by infrared spectroscopy and the nature and extent of alteration products were determined by characterizing the reacted glass surface with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), μ-Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The glass hydration/alteration rate clearly increased with increasing pH, that is controlled by the gas atmosphere, as the following: NH_3 > Ar > CO_2 > H_2S. This can directly be linked to the secondary phases precipitated on the glass surface. Hence, the major alteration products observed at high pH (under NH_3 and Ar) are analcime and Ca-silicates hydrates (CSH) while at low pH (under CO_2 and H_2S) only a hydrated gel layer was identified. - Highlights: • The vapor hydration study of the SON68 glass under geological conditions. • The secondary phases formation in the alteration of SON68 glass. • The pH effect on the alteration kinetics of glass.

Préparation et caracterisation de composites ll verre-supraconducteur gg

Science.gov (United States)

Roblin-Semène, L.; Pradel, A.; Ribes, M.; Belouet, C.

1994-11-01

Several types of " glass/superconductor " composites were prepared by a uniaxial hot pressing method. The BiSrCaCuO oxides were the materials under investigation in this work. A preliminary study of glasses obtained in this BiSrCaCuO system indicated that phase separation with nodules of 50 to 100 nm generally occurs. Glasses used as parts of composites are : 1) PbOB2O3 ones because of their low transition temperature and their large thermal stability which were favourable to texturation of superconducting grains, 2) BiSrCaCuO (2212, 2223, 4334) glasses because further recrystallisation could be carried out to improve grain connectivity and at last 3) mixture of BiSrCaCuO glass and V2O5 or PbO-B2O3 to insure a compromise between texturing and connectivity. Resistivity and current density measurements indicated that these types of composites were potential candidates for use as current limiters. Différents composites " verre/supraconducteur " ont été préparés par pressage à chaud uniaxial. Nos travaux ont porté sur les oxydes " BiSrCaCuO ". Une étude préalable des verres de ce système a permis de mettre en évidence une séparation de phase avec présence de nodules dont la taille est comprise entre 50 et 100 nm. Les verres choisis pour l'élaboration de ces composites ont été : 1 ) le verre PbO-B2O3 dont la basse température de transition vitreuse et la grande stabilité thermique étaient des éléments favorables à une bonne texturation des grains supraconducteurs, 2) les verres BiSrCaCuO purs (2212, 2223, 4334) dont la recristallisation partielle par recuit a posteriori devait assurer une meilleure connectivité entre grains, et enfin 3) des mélanges " BiSrCaCuO (V) " + V2O5 OU PbO-B2O3 qui devaient permettre d'assurer un compromis entre texturation et connectivité. Les mesures de résistivité et de densité de courant montrent que ces composites sont de bons candidats pour des applications de limiteur de courant.

Évaluation des caractéristiques mécaniques du polissoir en polyuréthanne utilisé comme porte abrasifs durant le processus du polissage du verre optique

Science.gov (United States)

Aliouane, T.; Bouzid, D.; Belkhir, N.; Bouzid, S.; Herold, V.

2005-05-01

La fabrication des composants en verre optique nécessite des moyens de grande précision dans les procédés de finition vue l'importance accordée à leur qualité.
Durant le processus de polissage des verres optiques, le polissoir est un élément clé et a un impact direct sur les performances des composants optiques, non seulement il est utilisé comme support de grains abrasifs mais il doit posséder la fonction de transmission de la pression aux grains. La connaissance de ses propriétés, essentiellement mécanique, est impérative afin d'obtenir un état de surface optimal des composants optiques destinés à remplir des fonctions très précises dans des appareils optiques très performants.
Dans cette étude, nous avons constaté que les propriétés des polissoirs en polyuréthanne tel que la dureté, le module d'élasticité et la densité varient au cours du polissage. Ce changement a des effets sur l'état de surface de verre optique, causé par le changement microstructural de la surface du polissoir (distribution et dimensions des pores) et par conséquent sur la quantité des abrasifs (en oxyde de cérium) insérée dans les pores, ce qui influe sur la quantité de verre enlevée et sur l'état de surface du composant.
Sur la base des résultats obtenus, il a été prouvé que le polissoir subit des modifications très importantes ce qui influe considérablement sur son efficacité de polissage.

Synthesis and characterisation of the hollandite solid solution Ba1.2-xCsxFe2.4-xTi5.6+xO16 for partitioning and conditioning of radiocaesium

Science.gov (United States)

Bailey, Daniel J.; Stennett, Martin C.; Mason, Amber R.; Hyatt, Neil C.

2018-05-01

The geological disposal of high level radioactive waste requires careful budgeting of the heat load produced by radiogenic decay. Removal of high-heat generating radionuclides, such as 137Cs, reduces the heat load in the repository allowing the remaining high level waste to be packed closer together therefore reducing demand for repository space and the cost of the disposal of the remaining wastes. Hollandites have been proposed as a possible host matrix for the long-term disposal of Cs separated from HLW raffinate. The incorporation of Cs into the hollandite phase is aided by substitution of cations on the B-site of the hollandite structure, including iron. A range of Cs containing iron hollandites were synthesised via an alkoxide-nitrate route and the structural environment of Fe in the resultant material characterised by Mössbauer and X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy. The results of spectroscopic analysis found that Fe was present as octahedrally co-ordinated Fe (III) in all cases and acts as an effective charge compensator over a wide solid solution range.

Application of the GRAAL model to leaching experiments with SON68 nuclear glass in initially pure water

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Frugier, P.; Chave, T.; Gin, S.; Lartigue, J.-E.

2009-01-01

Based on a review of the current state of knowledge concerning the aqueous alteration of SON68 nuclear glass we have proposed a mechanistic model, GRAAL (Glass Reactivity with Allowance for the Alteration Layer) [P. Frugier, S. Gin, Y. Minet, T. Chave, B. Bonin, N. Godon, J.E. Lartigue, P. Jollivet, A. Ayral, L. De Windt, G. Santarini, J. Nucl. Mater. 380 (2008) 8]. This article describes how the GRAAL model hypotheses are solved using a calculation code coupling chemistry and transport. The geochemical solution of this model combines three major phenomena: chemical equilibria in solution, water and ion transport by convection or diffusion, and element diffusion through the passivating reactive interphase. The model results are compared with experimental data for SON68 glass leached in initially pure water both in a closed system and in renewed media. The comparison shows the model very satisfactorily accounts for variations in the pH and the element concentrations in solution as a function of time, the glass surface area in contact with solution, and the solution renewal rate. This success is due to the fact that the diffusion of elements through the alteration gel is taken into account in the model. This mechanism cannot be disregarded under most experimental conditions - if only to predict the solution pH - and must therefore be an integral part of the geochemical model.

Structural Defects of Silver Hollandite, Ag(x)Mn8O(y), Nanorods: Dramatic Impact on Electrochemistry.

Science.gov (United States)

Wu, Lijun; Xu, Feng; Zhu, Yimei; Brady, Alexander B; Huang, Jianping; Durham, Jessica L; Dooryhee, Eric; Marschilok, Amy C; Takeuchi, Esther S; Takeuchi, Kenneth J

2015-08-25

Hollandites (OMS-2) are an intriguing class of sorbents, catalysts, and energy storage materials with a tunnel structure permitting one-dimensional insertion and deinsertion of ions and small molecules along the c direction. A 7-fold increase in delivered capacity for Li/AgxMn8O16 electrochemical cells (160 versus 23 mAh/g) observed upon a seemingly small change in silver content (x ∼1.1 (L-Ag-OMS-2) and 1.6 (H-Ag-OMS-2)) led us to characterize the structure and defects of the silver hollandite material. Herein, Ag hollandite nanorods are studied through the combined use of local (atomic imaging, electron diffraction, electron energy-loss spectroscopy) and bulk (synchrotron based X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis) techniques. Selected area diffraction and high resolution transmission electron microscopy show a structure consistent with that refined by XRD; however, the Ag occupancy varies significantly even within neighboring channels. Both local and bulk measurements indicate a greater quantity of oxygen vacancies in L-Ag-OMS-2, resulting in lower average Mn valence relative to H-Ag-OMS-2. Electron energy loss spectroscopy shows a lower Mn oxidation state on the surface relative to the interior of the nanorods, where the average Mn valence is approximately Mn(3.7+) for H-Ag-OMS-2 and Mn(3.5+) for L-Ag-OMS-2 nanorods, respectively. The higher delivered capacity of L-Ag-OMS-2 may be related to more oxygen vacancies compared to H-Ag-OMS-2. Thus, the oxygen vacancies and MnO6 octahedra distortion are assumed to open the MnO6 octahedra walls, facilitating Li diffusion in the ab plane. These results indicate crystallite size and surface defects are significant factors affecting battery performance.

Mécanismes d'action des fines et des granulats de verre sur la réaction alcali-silice et la réaction pouzzolanique

OpenAIRE

Idir, Rachida

2009-01-01

Le recyclage du verre mixte contenant plusieurs couleurs pour la fabrication de nouveaux verres n'est actuellement pas économiquement viable. Ceci explique la recherche d'autres débouchés que le stockage ou l'enfouissement en décharges. L'une des applications envisageables est sa valorisation dans la fabrication des ciments et des bétons. Néanmoins, il est nécessaire de gérer les deux principaux comportements que peut avoir ce verre lorsqu'il est mis en contact avec une matrice cimentaire, à ...

SON68 nuclear glass dissolution kinetics: Current state of knowledge and basis of the new GRAAL model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Frugier, P. [CEA Marcoule, DTCD/SECM/LCLT, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Ceze cedex (France)], E-mail: pierre.frugier@cea.fr; Gin, S.; Minet, Y.; Chave, T. [CEA Marcoule, DTCD/SECM/LCLT, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Ceze cedex (France); Bonin, B. [CEA Saclay, DEN/DIR/DS, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex (France); Godon, N.; Lartigue, J.-E.; Jollivet, P. [CEA Marcoule, DTCD/SECM/LCLT, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Ceze cedex (France); Ayral, A. [IEM/CNRS-ENSCM Universite Montpellier 2, CC 047, Place Eugene Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5 (France); De Windt, L. [ENSMP, CG, 35 rue St Honore, 77305 Fontainebleau cedex (France); Santarini, G. [CEA Saclay HC/CAB, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex (France)

2008-10-15

This article summarizes the present state of knowledge concerning aqueous alteration of R7T7-type nuclear containment glasses, represented mainly by the inactive reference glass designated SON68. Based on this review, we propose to describe the glass alteration kinetics up to and including the final residual rate regime by means of a new mechanistic model known as GRAAL (glassreactivitywithallowanceforthealterationlayer). Phenomenological analysis findings are reviewed for the various glass alteration regimes: interdiffusion, initial rate, rate drop, residual rate and, under very particular circumstances, resumption of alteration. These alteration regimes are associated with predominant mechanisms. Published work interpreting and modeling these mechanisms was examined in detail. There is a broad consensus on the general mechanisms of the initial rate and even the interdiffusion regime, whereas the mechanisms controlling the rate drop remain a subject of dispute not only with regard to nuclear glasses but also for the dissolution of silicate minerals. The reaction affinity responsible for the rate drop is expressed differently by different authors and depending on the underlying theories. The disagreement concerns the nature of the phase (glass or gel) or the activated complex controlling the rate drop, which in turn determines the elements that must be taken into account in the overall affinity term. Progress in recent years, especially in identifying the mechanisms responsible for the residual rate, has shed new light on these issues, allowing us to propose new theoretical foundations for modeling the different kinetic regimes of SON68 nuclear glass dissolution. The GRAAL model considers that water diffusion in the passivating reaction zone (the gel formed under saturation conditions) is a rate-limiting step in the overall glass dissolution kinetics. Moreover, this passivation zone is a soluble phase whose stability is directly dependent on the nature of the

Le MusVerre, Sars-Poteries, Hauts-de-France

OpenAIRE

Schmitt , Daniel

2017-01-01

Le MusVerre, inauguré en 2016, présente une collection patrimoniale et contemporaine d'art verrier. Le scénario de la visite propose un parcours en deux temps avec une séquence historique : de l’histoire des « bousillés » à la création du musée avec une galerie technique qui donne un aperçu des gestes de l’art verrier. Puis une séquence contemporaine développe un panorama des collections d’art verrier d’aujourd’hui, dans leur grande richesse et originalité.

Evolution of the local environment of lanthanum during simplified SON68 glass leaching

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jollivet, P.; Delaye, J.M.; Den Auwer, C.; Simoni, E.

2007-01-01

The evolution of the short- and medium-range local environment of lanthanum was determined by L-III-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) during leaching of simplified SON68-type glasses. In glass without phosphorus, lanthanum is found in a silicate environment, and its first coordination sphere comprises eight oxygen atoms at a mean distance of 2.51 angstrom. When this glass was leached at a high renewal rate, the lanthanum local environment was significantly modified: it was present at hydroxy-carbonate and silicate sites with a mean La-O distance of 2.56 angstrom, and the second neighbors consisted of La atoms instead of Si for the glass. Conversely, in the gel formed at low renewal rates, lanthanum was found in a silicate environment similar to that of the glass. In phosphorus-doped glass, lanthanum is found in a phosphate environment, although the Si/P atomic ratio is 20:1. Lanthanum is surrounded by seven oxygen atoms at a mean distance of 2.37 angstrom. When phosphorus-doped glass is leached, regardless of the leaching solution flow rate, the short- and medium-range lanthanum local environment remains almost constant; the most significant change is a 0.05 angstrom increase in the La-O distance. (authors)

Fibers and cylinders of cryptomelane-hollandite in Permian bedded salt, Palo Duro Basin, Texas

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Belkin, H.E.; Libelo, E.L.

1987-01-01

Fibers and thin-walled, hollow cylinders of cryptomelane-hollandite have been found in both the chevron and the clear salt from various drill cores in Permian bedded salt from the Palo Duro Basin, Texas. The authors have found fibers or cylinders from only the lower San Andres Formation units 4 and 5, the upper San Andres Formation, and the Salado-Transill salt. The fibers are inorganic, light to dark reddish brown, pleochroic, highly birefringent, filamentary single crystals, < 1 to ∼ 5 μm in diameter, with length-to-diameter ratios of at least 20:1. The fibers can be straight and/or curved, can bifurcate, can form loops, waves or spirals, and can be isolated or in parallel groups. Detailed petrographic analyses show no evidence for recrystallization or deformation of the enclosing salt after fiber formation. Although the authors observations do not provide a definitive explanation for fiber origin, they suggest that the fibers grew in situ by a solid-state diffusional process at low temperatures. The cylinders are pleochroic, highly birefringent, light to dark reddish brown, hollow, thin-walled, open-ended right cylinders, having a 1- to 2-μm wall thickness and variable lengths and diameters. There also appear to be single crystals of cryptomelane-hollandite, but these are found almost entirely in fluid inclusions in the chevron and clear salt. Their presence in the primary halite suggests that they were formed contemporaneously with the chevron structure and were accidentally trapped in the fluid inclusions. The observation of cylinders partially or completely enclosed by salt stratigraphically above large fluid inclusions suggests that natural downward fluid-inclusion migration has occurred, in response to the geothermal gradient

Effet de la nature des ions alcalins et alcalino-terreux sur la structure d'un verre riche en terre

OpenAIRE

Quintas , Arnaud; Lenoir , Marion; Caurant , D.; Majérus , Odile; Dussossoy , Jean-Luc; Charpentier , Thibault; Neuville , Daniel R.; Gervais , Christel

2006-01-01

Dans le cadre d'une étude structurale d'un verre de confinement de déchets nucléaires de type aluminoborosilicate et riche en terres rares, l'influence de la nature des ions alcalins ou alcalino-terreux est analysée. Pour cela deux séries de verres ont été élaborées dans lesquelles l'ion Na+ (respectivement l'ion Ca2+) présent dans la composition de référence, est totalement substitué par un autre ion alcalin Li+, K+, Rb+ ou Cs+ (respectivement un autre ion alcalino-terreux Mg2+, Sr2+ ou Ba2+...

Isotope tracing ({sup 29}Si and {sup 18}O) of the alteration mechanisms of the French glass 'SON68' used for the storage of nuclear waste; Tracage isotopique ({sup 29}Si and {sup 18}O) des mecanismes de l'alteration du verre de confinement des dechets nucleaires: 'SON68'

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Valle, N

2001-07-01

This study aims to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of aqueous corrosion of the glasses used for the storage of nuclear waste. Glass samples 'SON68', doped with a different rare earth element (La, Ce or Nd), were altered simultaneously with water enriched in {sup 29}Si and {sup 18}O, throughout a period of 20 months. The aim of such isotope tracing was (i) to follow the 'real' exchanges between glass and solution and (ii) to understand the reactions involving Si-O bonds in the leached layer during alteration. Leachates were analyzed by ICP-MS and -AES, and elemental and isotopic variations in the altered glass layer were measured by ion-probe, using a depth profiling technique. Elemental analyses enabled the distribution of the elements in the two layers of altered glass (phyllosilicates and gel) to be established, and the results reveal a selective partitioning of elements between the two layers. Isotopic analyses of altered layers and leachates allowed phyllosilicates to be distinguished from gel, and suggest two different mechanisms of formation. Whilst phyllosilicates grow on the surface of the glass by a mechanism of precipitation, gel is formed by a succession of hydrolysis / condensation reactions taking place mainly at the gel / pristine glass interface. This gel is formed by the in situ rearrangement of hydrated species, without reaching equilibrium with the solution. Moreover, an experimental technique has been developed enabling one to trace the transport of silicon from the solution into the altered glasses, under an isotopic gradient. Diffusion profiles, obtained by ion-probe, have been modeled and have allowed the determination of the apparent silicon diffusion coefficient (DSi) in gels. Therefore, our experiments have permitted the quantification of the influence of both the alteration conditions (dynamic or static tests) and the solution composition on the value of DSi. (author)

Alkali-Resistant Mechanism of a Hollandite DeNOx Catalyst.

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Pingping; Huang, Zhiwei; Gu, Xiao; Xu, Fei; Gao, Jiayi; Wang, Yue; Chen, Yaxin; Tang, Xingfu

2015-06-02

A thorough understanding of the deactivation mechanism by alkalis is of great importance for rationally designing improved alkali-resistant deNOx catalysts, but a traditional ion-exchange mechanism cannot often accurately describe the nature of the deactivation, thus hampering the development of superior catalysts. Here, we establish a new exchange-coordination mechanism on the basis of the exhaustive study on the strong alkali resistance of a hollandite manganese oxide (HMO) catalyst. A combination of isothermal adsorption measurements of ammonia with X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectra reveals that alkali metal ions first react with protons from Brønsted acid sites of HMO via the ion exchange. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction patterns and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra coupled with theoretical calculations demonstrate that the exchanged alkali metal ions are subsequently stabilized at size-suitable cavities in the HMO pores via a coordination model with an energy savings. This exchange-coordination mechanism not only gives a wholly convincing explanation for the intrinsic nature of the deactivation of the reported catalysts by alkalis but also provides a strategy for rationally designing improved alkali-resistant deNOx catalysts in general.

Variation de la composition de nanoparticules de 1-10 nm obtenues par séparation de phase dans un verre de silice

OpenAIRE

Blanc , W; Francois-Saint-Cyr , H; Martin , I; Lecoustumer , P; Hombourger , C; R. Neuville , D.; Larson , D.J.; Prosa , T.J.; Guillermier , C

2014-01-01

National audience; Les verres contenant des nanoparticules ont de nombreuses applications industrielles, notamment grâce à leurs excellentes propriétés thermo-mécaniques [1]. Ils présentent aussi un intérêt pour les propriétés optiques. En effet, l'encapsulation d'ions luminescents (ions de terre rare par exemple) dans des nanoparticules entraînent de nouvelles propriétés de luminescence qui n'existeraient pas dans le verre hôte (bande d'émission élargie, efficacité quantique augmentée, etc) ...

Les adhésifs à photopolymérisation radicalaire employés pour le collage structural du verre en conservation-restauration.

OpenAIRE

Gillioz, Sandra

2016-01-01

Nous avons étudié la compatibilité des adhésifs photopolymérisables avec le collage du verre en conservation-restauration en nous focalisant sur leur résistance mécanique. Quatre adhésifs photopolymérisables à voie radicalaire ont été sélectionnés – Conloc® 665 (EGO®), Loctite® 350 (Henkel®), NOA® 61 (Norland Optical Adhesives®) et Verifix® LV740 (Bohle®) – en employant à titre de comparaison la résine époxyde de référence pour le collage structural du verre – Hxtal® Nyl-1 (Hxtal Adhesive®). ...

Le plafond de verre chez les enseignants chercheurs en sociologie et démographie

OpenAIRE

Chenu, Alain; Martin, Olivier

2016-01-01

La féminisation de l’enseignement supérieur français va croissante : la discipline « sociologie, démographie » illustre bien cette évolution puisqu’en 2012 44 % des enseignants-chercheurs en « sociologie, démographie » sont des femmes alors que ce taux ne s’élevait qu’à 24 % en 1984. Pourtant, cette féminisation croissante cache la persistance d’un plafond de verre. Cet article en montre l’existence et cherche à l’expliquer. À cet effet, la carrière des enseignants-chercheurs est analysée éta...

Effect of clayey groundwater on the dissolution rate of SON68 simulated nuclear waste glass at 70 °C

Science.gov (United States)

De Echave, T.; Tribet, M.; Jollivet, P.; Marques, C.; Gin, S.; Jégou, C.

2018-05-01

To predict the long-term behavior of high-level radioactive waste glass, it is necessary to study aqueous dissolution of the glass matrix under geological repository conditions. The present article focuses on SON68 (an inactive surrogate of the R7T7 glass) glass alteration in synthetic clayey groundwater at 70 °C. Experiments in deionized water as reference were also performed in the same conditions. Results are in agreement with those of previous studies showing that magnesium present in the solution is responsible for higher glass alteration. This effect is transient and pH-dependent: Once all the magnesium is consumed, the glass alteration rate diminishes. Precipitation of magnesium silicate of the smectite group seems to be the main factor for the increased glass alteration. A pH threshold of 7.5-7.8 was found, above which precipitation of these magnesium silicates at 70 °C is possible. TEM observations reveal that magnesium silicates grow at the expense of the passivating gel, which partly dissolves, forming large pores which increase mass transfer between the reacting glass surface and the bulk solution.

Nature de la phase basse temperature des verres de spin Heisenberg en dimension 3

OpenAIRE

PETIT , Dorothée

2002-01-01

I. A Campbell (Directeur) D.R. Grempel F. Hippert (rapporteur) O. Martin P. Norblad (rapporteur) E. Vincent; La question de l'existence d'une réelle transition de phase entre l'état paramagnétique et l'état verre de spin est une question qui a été débattue pendant de nombreuses années. Il semble dorénavant admis que le gel des spins à basse température ne se fasse pas de façon progressive, et l'existence d'une véritable transition à T9. finie est communément acceptée, mais de nombreuses quest...

Etude de la propagation sous critique dans les fibres de verre par relaxation de la charge

OpenAIRE

R'Mili , M.; Godin , N.; Lamon , J.

2011-01-01

International audience; Plusieurs fibres inorganiques de type verre ou céramique (à base de carbure de silicium) sont très sensibles à la propagation sous critique de fissures, activée chimiquement ou thermiquement. Dans ce cas la rupture survient d'une façon prématurée à un niveau de contrainte relativement bas comparé à la contrainte de rupture. Cet article propose une approche statistique de la rupture en fatigue statique fondée sur l'analyse de la rupture des fibres dans une mèche sollici...

Un verre de trop

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pascal Brissette

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Au nombre des mythes qui accompagnent la formation de la modernité littéraire, on compte celui de la bohème, qui témoigne, comme Nathalie Heinich l’a bien montré dans L’Élite artiste, des difficultés que les producteurs symboliques éprouvent à conjuguer les critères de la singularité et du travail en communauté. La théâtralité de la « vie de bohème », son excentricité, ses tics et son chic sont au fondement de regroupements d’écrivains qui défendent paradoxalement le caractère vocationnel de ...

Les adhésifs à photopolymérisation radicalaire employés pour le cpllage structural du verre en conservation-restauration: Etude de la résistance au cisaillement de 4 adhésifs optiques polymérisables aux UV

OpenAIRE

Gillioz, Sandra,

2016-01-01

Les adhésifs photopolymérisables, dont la prise s’effectue en quelques secondes sous rayonnement ultraviolet (UV), représentent une option séduisante pour le collage du verre en conservationrestauration, particulièrement lorsque les fragments ne peuvent être maintenus de manière temporaire. Dans le présent travail, nous avons étudié la compatibilité des adhésifs photopolymérisables avec le collage du verre en conservation-restauration en nous focalisant sur leur résistance mécanique. Quatre a...

Nuclear waste glasses of SON68 type and their weathering products, optical spectroscopy of uranium and rare earth elements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ollier, N.

2002-09-01

This study concerns the long-term behaviour of high-level waste glasses and more precisely lanthanides and uranium behaviour with weathering. The leaching was performed on glass powder at 90 deg. C in a pseudo-dynamic mode. Two weathering gels were obtained, with different renewal rate and leaching duration. In glass, we demonstrate that U(IV) and U(VI) species coexist. Time-resolved spectroscopy and XPS measurements show that hexavalent uranium is present under uranyl entities and UO 3 type environment. In weathering gels, U(VI) is still present under uranyl form as well as uranyl hydroxide. It means that U behaviour depends on renewal rate, moreover precipitation of crystallized phases like bauranolte BaU 2 O 7 .xH 2 O and uranyl silicate of uranophane type occur. Concerning lanthanides, Eu 3+ was used as a luminescent local probe. Two sites were found in glass and gels. In glass, the sites were attributed to a silicate and a borate one. In gels, the silicate site is conserved whereas the second one is supposed to correspond to an aluminate one. Photoluminescence and Moessbauer measurements show that the rare earth site symmetry increases in gel. This result confirms that order is higher in gels than in glass. The third part of the thesis concerns irradiation effect in glasses. The main result shows some behaviour differences between a 5 oxides borosilicate glass and a more complex one close to the SON68 glass. Presence of mixed alkali (Na, Li and Cs) seems to notably reduce the Na migration. (author)

Experiments on the incorporation of concentrated solutions of fission products in glasses and micas; Essais d'incorporation de solutions concentrees de produits de fission dans des verres et des micas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bonniaud, R; Cohen, P; Sombret, C [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Saclay (France). Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires

1958-07-01

1) The plants designed for extracting the plutonium of the G1, G2, G3 reactors fuel rods will produce extremely concentrated tions of fission products. 2) Let us consider a synthetic solution of the 'G2' type: (2N NO{sub 3}H - 2,25 meq/cm{sup 3} AI{sup +++} - 5.10{sup -3} {sup 134}Cs - {sup 137}Cs tracer). We made various glasses and micas by adding and mixing the necessary adjuvants and baking (900 to 1400 deg. C) in a graphite crucible. 3) The products obtained had either the shape of a cylindrical pellet or were reduced into a fine powder. They were mixed with 300 cm{sup 3} of synthetic sea water during variable periods of time in order to study leaching of the activity. 4) Experiments were first carried on caesium because of its solubility. 5) Fabrication of micas on a large scale sets many technological problems more difficult to solve (1400 deg. C) than in the case of glasses (1000 deg. C). A comparative study on both micas and glasses showed that leaching of activity was more important in the micas. (author)Fren. [French] 1) La mise en service de l'Usine d'Extraction du Plutonium destinee en particulier au traitement des barres de combustibles de G1, G2, G3 fournira des solutions residuaires concentrees de produits de fission. 2) Partant d'une solution synthetique 'G2': (2N NO{sub 3}H - 2,25meq/cm{sup 3} AI{sup +++} - 5.10{sup -3} {sup 134}Cs - {sup 137}Cs traceur) nous avens realise differents verres et micas apres adduction et melange des adjuvants necessaires suivis de cuisson (900 a 1400 deg. C) dans un creuset de graphite. 3) Les produits obtenus ont ete, soit sous forme d'eprouvette cylindrique, soit sous forme de poudre finement broyee, mis en contact et agites avec 300 cm{sup 3} d'eau de mer synthetique, durant des temps varies pour etudier la retention de l'activite. 4) Le cesium a ete choisi pour ces essais a cause de sa solubilite. 5) La fabrication de micas a grande echelle pose des problemes technologiques plus difficiles (1400 deg. C) a

Leishmaniose : maladie sans frontières | CRDI - Centre de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

La leishmaniose viscérale, la forme la plus sévère de la maladie, .... une petite bière », sourit-il en levant son verre avant d'embrasser son accordéon. ... 20 espèces de parasites du type leishmania; 90 espèces de phlébotomes vecteurs.

Modélisation d'un choc thermique doux d'un verre S.S.C en utilisant l'approche thermomécanique

Science.gov (United States)

Malou, Z.; Hamidouche, M.; Madjoubi, M. A.; Bousbaa, C.; Bouaouadja, N.

2005-05-01

Dans ce travail, nous avons étudié l'endommagement du verre silico-sodo-calcique (trois différentes épaisseurs : 2mm, 4mm, et 8mm) par choc thermique descendant. Nous avons utilisé l'approche thermomécanique en terme de facteur d'intensité de contrainte en se basant sur un calcul numérique. Le choc thermique descendant, est la mise en contact brutal d'un échantillon, préalablement chauffé à une température Ti, avec un milieu dont la température Tf est inférieure à Ti. Le gradient thermique engendré induit des contraintes de tension dans les couches superficielles du corps. Ces contraintes peuvent conduire à la rupture du matériau. Les hypothèses prises en compte lors de la simulation sont comme suit : Le refroidissement des échantillons en verre chauffés à différentes températures, inférieures à sa température de transition, est fait par jet d'air à 20° C pendant 6 secondes. Ce temps est suffisant pour que la température des échantillons atteigne l'ambiante. Le coefficient de transfert de chaleur est de 600 W/°C.m2. Les températures chaudes ont été variées entre 100° C et 450° C. Lors des calculs, nous avons intégré, l'évolutions en fonction de la température des propriétés thermoélastiques du verre. Dans un premier temps, nous avons déterminé les températures et les contraintes transitoires dans l'échantillon à tout instant du choc thermique. Ensuite, nous avons déterminé l'évolution du facteur d'intensité de contrainte (FIC) durant le refroidissement. Enfin, les FIC calculés sont comparés à la ténacité (K1c) du matériau. Cette dernière a été mesurée en utilisant la mécanique linéaire de la rupture. Nous avons vérifié que quand le facteur FIC atteint la valeur de la ténacité dans la zone des défauts critiques, ces derniers se propagent d'une manière brutale causant ainsi la dégradation de l'échantillon. Par cette technique, nous avons directement accès à l'écart de température critique

Mise au point du rheometre a cisaillement annulaire pour l'etude de rheologie d'un mastic bitumineux avec verre incorpore =

Science.gov (United States)

El Mansouri, Souleimane

Dans le domaine viscoelastique lineaire (VEL, domaine des petites deformations), le comportement thermomecanique du bitume et du mastic bitumineux (melange uniforme de bitume et de fillers) a ete caracterise au Laboratoire des Chaussees et Materiaux Bitumineux (LCMB) de l'Ecole de technologie superieure (ETS) avec l'appui de nos partenaires externes : la Societe des Alcools du Quebec (SAQ) et Eco Entreprises Quebec (EEQ). Les proprietes rheologiques des bitumes et des mastics ont ete mesurees grâce a un nouvel outil d'investigation appele, Rheometre a Cisaillement Annulaire (RCA), sous differentes conditions de chargement. Cet appareil permet non seulement de solliciter des eprouvettes de tailles importantes par rapport a celles utilisees lors des essais classiques, mais aussi d'effectuer des essais en conditions quasi-homogenes, ce qui permet de donner acces a la loi de comportement des materiaux. Les essais sont realises sur une large gamme de temperatures et de frequences (de -15 °C a 45°C et de 0,03Hz a 10 Hz). Cette etude a ete menee principalement pour comparer le comportement d'un bitume avec celui d'un mastic bitumineux dans le domaine des petites deformations. neanmoins, dans une seconde perspective, on s'interesse a l'influence des fillers de verre de post-consommation sur le comportement d'un mastic a faibles niveaux de deformations en comparant l'evolution des modules complexes de cisaillements (G*) d'un mastic avec fillers de verre et un mastic avec fillers conventionnels (calcaire). Enfin, le modele analogique 2S2P1D est utilise pour simuler le comportement viscoelastique lineaire des bitumes et des mastics bitumineux testes lors de la campagne experimentale.

Etude de la structure et du comportement en cristallisation d'un verre nucléaire d'aluminoborosilicate de terre rare

OpenAIRE

Quintas , Arnaud

2007-01-01

Ce travail de thèse porte sur l'étude d'un verre aluminoborosilicate de terre rare de composition molaire 61,81 SiO2 - 3,05 Al2O3 - 8,94 B2O3 - 14,41 Na2O - 6,33 CaO - 1,90 ZrO2 - 3,56 Nd2O3, destiné au confinement des déchets issus du retraitement de combustibles nucléaires usagés à haut taux de combustion. Au niveau structural, nous nous sommes intéressés principalement au rôle des ions modificateurs sur l'organisation du réseau vitreux par le biais de différents changements de composition ...

Le moulage pour la reconstitution des lacunes en restauration de la céramique et du verre

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hélène Blanpain

2012-06-01

Full Text Available La technique de reconstitution des lacunes par moulage est très vaste. Elle présente une large gamme de produits et de procédés susceptibles d’être employés dans le domaine de la restauration de la céramique et du verre. Leur choix et leur bonne mise en œuvre dépendront de plusieurs facteurs comme la nature de l’élément à mouler, sa forme et la nature du matériau de comblement choisi.The technique of gap-filling by molding is very vast. It presents a wide range of products and processes than can be used in the field of the restoration of ceramic and glass objects. Their choice depends on several factors : the material of the object, its shape, and the choice of the filling product.

Analytical electron microscopy study of surface layers formed on the French SON68 nuclear waste glass during vapor hydration at 200 C

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gong, W.L.; Wang, L.M.; Ewing, R.C.; Bates, J.K.; Ebert, W.L.

1998-01-01

Extensive solid-state characterization (AEM/SEM/HRTEM) was completed on six SON68 (inactive R7T7) waste glasses which were altered in the presence of saturated water vapor (200 C) for 22, 91, 241, 908, 1000, 1013, and 1021 days. The samples were examined by AEM in cross-section (lattice-fringe imaging, micro-diffraction, and quantitative thin-film EDS analysis). The glass monoliths were invariably covered by a thin altered rind, and the surface layer thickness increased with increasing time of reaction, ranging from 0.5 to 30 μm in thickness. Six distinctive zones, based on phase chemistry and microstructure, were distinguished within the well-developed surface layers. Numerous crystalline phases such as analcime, gyrolite, tobermorite, apatite, and weeksite were identified on the surfaces of the reacted glasses as precipitates. The majority of the surface layer volume was composed of two basic structures that are morphologically and chemically distinct: The A-domain consisted of well-crystallized fibrous smectite aggregates; and the B-domain consisted of poorly-crystallized regions containing smectite, possibly montmorillonite, crystallites and a ZrO 2 -rich amorphous silica matrix. The retention of the rare-earth elements, Mo, and Zr mostly occurred within the B-domain; while transition metal elements, such as Zn, Cr, Ni, Mn, and Fe, were retained in the A-domain. The element partitioning among A-domains and B-domains and recrystallization of the earlier-formed B-domains into the A-domain smectites were the basic processes which have controlled the chemical and structural evolution of the surface layer. The mechanism of surface layer formation during vapor hydration are discussed based on these cross-sectional AEM results. (orig.)

Pathogen-induced ERF68 regulates hypersensitive cell death in tomato.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, An-Chi; Cheng, Chiu-Ping

2017-10-01

Ethylene response factors (ERFs) are a large plant-specific transcription factor family and play diverse important roles in various plant functions. However, most tomato ERFs have not been characterized. In this study, we showed that the expression of an uncharacterized member of the tomato ERF-IX subgroup, ERF68, was significantly induced by treatments with different bacterial pathogens, ethylene (ET) and salicylic acid (SA), but only slightly induced by bacterial mutants defective in the type III secretion system (T3SS) or non-host pathogens. The ERF68-green fluorescent protein (ERF68-GFP) fusion protein was localized in the nucleus. Transactivation and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) further showed that ERF68 was a functional transcriptional activator and was bound to the GCC-box. Moreover, transient overexpression of ERF68 led to spontaneous lesions in tomato and tobacco leaves and enhanced the expression of genes involved in ET, SA, jasmonic acid (JA) and hypersensitive response (HR) pathways, whereas silencing of ERF68 increased tomato susceptibility to two incompatible Xanthomonas spp. These results reveal the involvement of ERF68 in the effector-triggered immunity (ETI) pathway. To identify ERF68 target genes, chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) was performed. Amongst the confirmed target genes, a few genes involved in cell death or disease defence were differentially regulated by ERF68. Our study demonstrates the function of ERF68 in the positive regulation of hypersensitive cell death and disease defence by modulation of multiple signalling pathways, and provides important new information on the complex regulatory function of ERFs. © 2016 BSPP AND JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD.

L’utilisation d’adhésifs optiques réticulables aux UV pour le collage d’objets d’art en verre transparent coloré, à surface d’encollage réduite

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Viviane Bechoux

2011-11-01

Full Text Available La recherche porte sur une double problématique :1° La possibilité d’utiliser les adhésifs réticulables aux UV  pour coller le verre transparent coloré. 2° Le collage du verre  s’avère très complexe quand les éléments à assembler sont fins, fragiles et quand la surface d’encollage est réduite à quelques millimètres.Dans ce cas précis, la solidité mécanique du collage et la rapidité de polymérisation de l’adhésif sont les premiers critères à prendre en compte pour assurer un assemblage final fiable.This research focuses on two issues : 1° The possibility to use UV-crosslinkable adhesives to bond transparent coloured glass.2° The glass bonding is very complex when the parts to be joined are thin, fragile, and when the bonding surface is reduced to a few millimetres in size. In this case, the mechanical strength of the bonding and the speed of the curing process of the adhesive are the first criteria to be taken into account to ensure a reliable final bonding.

Fixation of Radioactive Waste in Glass. Part II. The Experimental Evaluation of Phosphate and Borosilicate Glasses; Fixation des Dechets Radioactifs dans le Verre, Deuxieme Partie: Evaluation Experimentale des Verres au Phosphate et au Borosilicate; 0424 0418 041a 0421 0410 0426 0418 042f 0420 0410 0414 0418 041e 0410 041a 0422 0418 0412 041d 042b 0425 041e 0422 0425 041e 0414 041e 0412 0412 0421 0422 0415 041a 041b 0415 . 0427 0410 0421 0422 042c Ii. 042d 041a 0421 041f 0415 0420 0418 041c 0415 041d 0422 0410 041b 042c 041d 0410 042f 041e 0426 0415 041d 041a 0410 041a 0410 0427 0415 0421 0422 0412 0424 041e 0421 0424 0410 0422 041d 042b 0425 0418 0411 041e 0420 041e 0421 0418 041b 0418 041a 0410 0422 041d 042b 0425 0421 0422 0415 041a 041e 041b ; Fijacion de Desechos Radiactivos en Vidrio, Parte II: Evaluacion Experimental de los Vidrios al Fosfato y al Borosilicato

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Elliot, M. N.; Grover, J. R.; Hardwick, W. H. [Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Harwell (United Kingdom)

1963-02-15

comme milieu de stockage, en les comparant aux verres au borosilicate. (author) [Spanish] El principal factor que es preciso tener en cuenta al proceder a la eleccion de un vidrio adecuado para almacenar por largos periodos desechos de productos de fision es el metodo de almacenamiento que se va a aplicar; el segundo factor es el grado de seguridad que ofrece la elaboracion del vidrio en un establecimiento de alta actividad. A su vez, los factores que interesan para el almacenamiento son la resistencia a la lixiviacion, la estabilidad termica y a las radiaciones y la proporcion de desechos que se pueden incorporar a la masa vitrea, mientras que las propiedados fisicas y quimicas de los aditivos vitrificantes, asi como el punto de fusion y la viscosidad del vidrio mismo, son factores que intervienen mas bien en el proceso de elaboracion. Los autores examinan la importancia relativa de todos estos factores. Exponen luego los resultados del estudio experimental de los vidrios al borosilicato que se han elegido para, los ensayos en instalacion piloto, incluso el efecto de dosis de radiacion hasta 10{sup 12} rad sobre sus propiedades fisicas y quimicas. Tambien examinaron vidrios de otras composiciones y compararon su posible utilidad, como medio de almacenamiento, con la de los vidrios al borosilicato. (author) [Russian] Steklo dlja dlitel'nogo hranenija othoDov, soderzhashhih produkty delenija, dolzhno vybirat'sja, vo-pervyh s uchetom predpolagaemogo metoda hranenija i , vo-vtoryh, s uchetom vozmozhnosti ego poluchenija na vysokoradioaktivnyh ustanovkah. Vazhnymi faktorami s tochki zrenija hranenija javljajutsja: stojkost' protiv vyshhelachivanjja, teplostojkost' i radiacionnaja stojkost', a takzhe predel'naja dolja vvodimyh othodov; chto zhe kasaetsja fizicheskogo haraktera i himicheskih svojstv jelementov, dobavljaemyh dlja stekloobrajeovanija, a takzhe tochki plavlenija i vjazkosti stekla, to jeti faktory kasajutsja processa izgotovlenija. Obsuzhdaetsja otnositel

A 25-year laboratory experiment on French SON68 nuclear glass leached in a granitic environment - First investigations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guittonneau, C. [CEA Marcoule DTCD/SECM/LCLT, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Ceze Cedex (France); Gin, S., E-mail: stephane.gin@cea.f [CEA Marcoule DTCD/SECM/LCLT, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Ceze Cedex (France); Godon, N.; Mestre, J.P. [CEA Marcoule DTCD/SECM/LCLT, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Ceze Cedex (France); Dugne, O.; Allegri, P. [CEA Marcoule DTEC/SGCS/LMAC, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Ceze Cedex (France)

2011-01-01

We have investigated a 25.75-year old leaching experiment to improve our understanding of the mechanisms controlling glass dissolution in geological disposal conditions. A SON68 glass block was leached in slowly renewed synthetic groundwater (at 90 {sup o}C, 100 bar) in contact with some pieces of granite and Ni-Cr-Mo alloy as environmental storage materials. One hundred and sixty-three samplings were carried out over the entire duration of the experiment and were used to calculate the mean thickness of the altered glass (28 ({+-}9) {mu}m) and the glass dissolution rate. After few months, the rate remained very constant at 6 x 10{sup -3} g m{sup -2} d{sup -1} which is about 20 times higher than the residual rate measured in a batch reactor at the same temperature. At the end of the experiment, mainly SEM analyses were performed on the entire glass block. Surprisingly, the glass alteration layer has neither a homogeneous thickness, nor a homogeneous morphology. The location of the sampling valve (at half height of the glass block) seems to divide the glass block into two parts. In the upper half (above the sampling valve), the general morphology of the alteration layer consists in a relatively simple and uniform gel and some secondary phases which are rare-earth phosphates. The mean measured thickness of this alteration layer is 6.7 ({+-}0.3) {mu}m. However, in the lower half of the glass block, the gel is globally larger and frequently contains rounded shapes which are rare-earth phosphates. This section is edged by secondary phases bearing Mg, Na, Zn and Ni. The mean measured thickness is 81.3 ({+-}1.1) {mu}m in the lower half. In this experiment, the flow rate which leads to the hydrodynamic transport of the soluble species must be a key factor for the local glass alteration process. We have also shown that this unexpected behavior is likely due to heterogeneities of the chemistry of the solution. This conclusion is supported by the behavior of Mg. This element

Synthesis of hollandite-type LixMnO2 by Li+ ion-exchange in molten salt and lithium insertion characteristics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kadoma, Yoshihiro; Oshitari, Satoru; Ui, Koichi; Kumagai, Naoaki

2007-01-01

The Li + ion-exchange reaction of K + -type α-K 0.14 MnO 1.93 .nH 2 O containing different amounts of water molecules (n = 0-0.15) with a large (2 x 2) tunnel structure has been investigated in a LiNO 3 -LiCl molten salt at 300 deg. C. The Li + ion-exchanged products were examined by chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy measurements. The K + ions and the hydrogens of the water molecules in the (2 x 2) tunnels of α-MnO 2 were exchanged by Li + ions in the molten salt, resulting in the Li + -type α-MnO 2 containing different amounts of Li + ions and lithium oxide (Li 2 O) in the (2 x 2) tunnels with maintaining the original hollandite structure. The electrochemical properties and structural variation with initial discharge and charge-discharge cycling of the Li + ion-exchanged α-MnO 2 samples have been investigated as insertion compounds in the search for new cathode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries. The Li + ion-exchanged α-MnO 2 samples provided higher capacities and higher Li + ion diffusivity than the parent K + -type materials on initial discharge and charge-discharge cyclings, probably due to the structural stabilization with the existence of Li 2 O in the (2 x 2) tunnels

Studies of adsorber materials for preparing 68Ge/68Ga generators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brambilla, Tania de Paula

2013-01-01

The 68 Ga is a promising radionuclide for nuclear medicine, decaying by positron emission with an abundance of 89%, with physical half-life of 68 minutes, which is compatible with the pharmacokinetics of many biomolecules and low molecular weight substrates. Another important feature is its availability through a generator system, where the parent radionuclide, 68 Ge (t 1/2 = 270.95 days) is adsorbed on a column and the daughter, 68 Ga, is eluted in an ionic form 68Ga 3+ . The development of 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generators began in the 60s, but its clinical use began to be acceptable and relevant only recently. The method of separation of 68 Ge and 68 Ga most used is the ion-exchange chromatographic system, due to its practical operation, but other generator systems have been proposed, such as solvent extraction and evaporation technique. Currently, 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generators are commercially available using inorganic matrices columns prepared with TiO 2 or SnO 2 as well using organic resin. The efficiency of 68 Ga elution ranges from 70% to 80%, decreasing over time. The 68 Ge breakthrough varies from 10 -2 to10 -3 % or lower in a fresh generator, but there is an increase in the levels of contamination after long periods of use. Even with all the technological advances in the development of 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generators in the past decades, the 68 Ga eluted from commercial generators is not suitable for direct use in humans and some improvements in the systems need to be made to reduce the 68 Ge breakthrough and chemical impurities levels. The main objective of this work was to develop a 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generator system is which 68 Ga could be eluted with quality required for clinical use. The chemical behavior of Ge and Ga was evaluated on various inorganic adsorbents materials. Two types of 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generator systems were developed using TiO 2 as adsorbent material: elution system with manual pressure and vacuum controlled. The efficiencies of the generators were similar to

Development of 68Ge/68Ga Generator using 30 MeV Cyclotron

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goo, Hur Min; Dae, Yang Seung; Hoon, Park Jeong; Dae, Park Yong; Je, Lee Eun; Bae, Kong Young; Kim, In Jong; Lee, Jin Woo; Hyun, Yu Kook

2012-05-01

The purpose of this research is to develop the 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generator where daughter nuclide 68 Ga can be eluted according to the designated periods from the resin which holds mother nuclide 68 Ge absorbed and to develop the 68 Ga utilization technology. 1. Target development for 68 Ge target and production of 68 Ge - Target designed for 68 Ge production with 30 MeV cyclotron - Target body material evaluation and proton beam irradiation 2. Separation of 68 Ge and development of column material and extraction system for 68 Ge/ 68 Ga separation - Development of 68 Ge separation method from nat Ga target - Development of absorbents for generator using stable isotope 3. Development of 68 Ga labelled radiopharmaceutical - Development of 68 Ga labelled benzamide derivative for diagnosis of melanoma - Development of 68 Ga dendrimer complex using nano-technology 4. Development of shield case for 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generator

Study of the mixed ferrite Basub(x)Tisub(4-2x)Fesub(2x)Osub(8) (x=0.65) with hollandite structure by electrical, magnetic and Moessbauer effect measurements

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abbas, Y.; Ahmed, M.A.

1982-01-01

Mixed ferrite Basub(x)Tisub(4-2x)Fesub(2x)Osub(8) with hollandite structure has been studies by electrical, magnetic and Moessbauer effect measurements. Electrical measurements show a semiconducting behaviour and a triclinic phase transition at about 455 K. Susceptibility data show that the compound is paramagnetic in the range 80-300 K and can be interpreted in terms of Curie-Weiss behaviour above about 200 K yielding the parameters usub(eff)5.95B.M. and Osub(p)-320 K. The susceptibility curve shows eveidence for an important ferromagnetic component due to the short range interactions preceeding the antiferromagnetic ordering and leads to the conclusion of the existance of spin canting magnetic ordering at Tsub(N)80 K. The values of the chemical shift 0.43mm/sec and quadrupole splitting 0.44mm/sec are typical of high spin Fesup(Fe 3+ ) in distorted octahedral coordination

The Permanent Disposal of Highly Radioactive Wastes by Incorporation into Glass; Elimination Permanente de Dechets Hautement Radioactifs par Incorporation dans le Verre; 041e 041a 041e 041d 0427 0414 ; La Evacuacion Permanente de Desechos de Elevada Radiactividad Incorporandolos en Vidrio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Watson, L. C.; Aikin, A. M.; Bancroft, A. I. [Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. (Canada)

1960-07-01

Development of a process for the incorporation of the high-level wastes from chemical processing operations into glass for permanent disposal has continued at Chalk River. The process has been demonstrated by making glass containing up to 50 curies of five- to six-year old mixed fission products per kg. The operation was batch wise, on a scale of four kg per batch. These operations showed that the fission products could be incorporated into glass safely and conveniently. Consideration of the many problems involved in the permanent storage or disposal of the highly radioactive glass has resulted in the conclusion that it should be buried in the ground or stored in artificial vaults. In such conditions, the disposal may always be-subjected to further control if required. If disposal is made directly to the ground, the principal method by which fission products can be released to the environment is by leaching from the glass into water. It is therefore considered important to know the rate at which fission products will be dispersed by this mechanism. Considerable data on leaching by water have been obtained in the laboratory. It has been found that the rates of release depend on the composition of the glass. For all the compositions tested the measurements showed that the rate of leaching of fission products from the glass decreased with time. After several months in water the rate of release of several compositions was about 10{sup -4} per cent per year from a two kg hemisphere of glass. The data obtained have been used to estimate the release of fission products from glass containing the large quantities of fission products which will accumulate from operation of power reactors. (author) [French] On poursuit a Chalk River les travaux de mise au point d'un procede permettant d'incorporer dans le verre, pour elimination permanente, des dechets hautement radioactifs provenant d'operations de traitement chimique! Aux fins de demonstration du procede, on a fabrique du

Meningiomas: A Comparative Study of 68Ga-DOTATOC, 68Ga-DOTANOC and 68Ga-DOTATATE for Molecular Imaging in Mice

Science.gov (United States)

Soto-Montenegro, María Luisa; Peña-Zalbidea, Santiago; Mateos-Pérez, Jose María; Oteo, Marta; Romero, Eduardo; Morcillo, Miguel Ángel; Desco, Manuel

2014-01-01

Purpose The goal of this study was to compare the tumor uptake kinetics and diagnostic value of three 68Ga-DOTA-labeled somatostatin analogues (68Ga-DOTATOC, 68Ga-DOTANOC, and 68Ga-DOTATATE) using PET/CT in a murine model with subcutaneous meningioma xenografts. Methods The experiment was performed with 16 male NUDE NU/NU mice bearing xenografts of a human meningioma cell line (CH-157MN). 68Ga-DOTATOC, 68Ga-DOTANOC, and 68Ga-DOTATATE were produced in a FASTLab automated platform. Imaging was performed on an Argus small-animal PET/CT scanner. The SUVmax of the liver and muscle, and the tumor-to-liver (T/L) and tumor-to-muscle (T/M) SUV ratios were computed. Kinetic analysis was performed using Logan graphical analysis for a two-tissue reversible compartmental model, and the volume of distribution (Vt) was determined. Results Hepatic SUVmax and Vt were significantly higher with 68Ga-DOTANOC than with 68Ga-DOTATOC and 68Ga-DOTATATE. No significant differences between tracers were found for SUVmax in tumor or muscle. No differences were found in the T/L SUV ratio between 68Ga-DOTATATE and 68Ga-DOTATOC, both of which had a higher fraction than 68Ga-DOTANOC. The T/M SUV ratio was significantly higher with 68Ga-DOTATATE than with 68Ga-DOTATOC and 68Ga-DOTANOC. The Vt for tumor was higher with 68Ga-DOTATATE than with 68Ga-DOTANOC and relatively similar to that of 68Ga-DOTATOC. Conclusions This study demonstrates, for the first time, the ability of the three radiolabeled somatostatin analogues tested to image a human meningioma cell line. Although Vt was relatively similar with 68Ga-DOTATATE and 68Ga-DOTATOC, uptake was higher with 68Ga-DOTATATE in the tumor than with 68Ga-DOTANOC and 68Ga-DOTATOC, suggesting a higher diagnostic value of 68Ga-DOTATATE for detecting meningiomas. PMID:25369268

Meningiomas: a comparative study of 68Ga-DOTATOC, 68Ga-DOTANOC and 68Ga-DOTATATE for molecular imaging in mice.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Luisa Soto-Montenegro

Full Text Available The goal of this study was to compare the tumor uptake kinetics and diagnostic value of three (68Ga-DOTA-labeled somatostatin analogues ((68Ga-DOTATOC, (68Ga-DOTANOC, and (68Ga-DOTATATE using PET/CT in a murine model with subcutaneous meningioma xenografts.The experiment was performed with 16 male NUDE NU/NU mice bearing xenografts of a human meningioma cell line (CH-157MN. (68Ga-DOTATOC, (68Ga-DOTANOC, and (68Ga-DOTATATE were produced in a FASTLab automated platform. Imaging was performed on an Argus small-animal PET/CT scanner. The SUVmax of the liver and muscle, and the tumor-to-liver (T/L and tumor-to-muscle (T/M SUV ratios were computed. Kinetic analysis was performed using Logan graphical analysis for a two-tissue reversible compartmental model, and the volume of distribution (Vt was determined.Hepatic SUVmax and Vt were significantly higher with (68Ga-DOTANOC than with (68Ga-DOTATOC and (68Ga-DOTATATE. No significant differences between tracers were found for SUVmax in tumor or muscle. No differences were found in the T/L SUV ratio between (68Ga-DOTATATE and (68Ga-DOTATOC, both of which had a higher fraction than (68Ga-DOTANOC. The T/M SUV ratio was significantly higher with (68Ga-DOTATATE than with (68Ga-DOTATOC and (68Ga-DOTANOC. The Vt for tumor was higher with (68Ga-DOTATATE than with (68Ga-DOTANOC and relatively similar to that of (68Ga-DOTATOC.This study demonstrates, for the first time, the ability of the three radiolabeled somatostatin analogues tested to image a human meningioma cell line. Although Vt was relatively similar with (68Ga-DOTATATE and (68Ga-DOTATOC, uptake was higher with (68Ga-DOTATATE in the tumor than with (68Ga-DOTANOC and (68Ga-DOTATOC, suggesting a higher diagnostic value of (68Ga-DOTATATE for detecting meningiomas.

Isotope tracing (29Si and 18O) of the alteration mechanisms of the French glass 'SON68' used for the storage of nuclear waste

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Valle, N.

2001-01-01

This study aims to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of aqueous corrosion of the glasses used for the storage of nuclear waste. Glass samples 'SON68', doped with a different rare earth element (La, Ce or Nd), were altered simultaneously with water enriched in 29 Si and 18 O, throughout a period of 20 months. The aim of such isotope tracing was (i) to follow the 'real' exchanges between glass and solution and (ii) to understand the reactions involving Si-O bonds in the leached layer during alteration. Leachates were analyzed by ICP-MS and -AES, and elemental and isotopic variations in the altered glass layer were measured by ion-probe, using a depth profiling technique. Elemental analyses enabled the distribution of the elements in the two layers of altered glass (phyllosilicates and gel) to be established, and the results reveal a selective partitioning of elements between the two layers. Isotopic analyses of altered layers and leachates allowed phyllosilicates to be distinguished from gel, and suggest two different mechanisms of formation. Whilst phyllosilicates grow on the surface of the glass by a mechanism of precipitation, gel is formed by a succession of hydrolysis / condensation reactions taking place mainly at the gel / pristine glass interface. This gel is formed by the in situ rearrangement of hydrated species, without reaching equilibrium with the solution. Moreover, an experimental technique has been developed enabling one to trace the transport of silicon from the solution into the altered glasses, under an isotopic gradient. Diffusion profiles, obtained by ion-probe, have been modeled and have allowed the determination of the apparent silicon diffusion coefficient (DSi) in gels. Therefore, our experiments have permitted the quantification of the influence of both the alteration conditions (dynamic or static tests) and the solution composition on the value of DSi. (author)

Continuation of comprehensive quality control of the itG 68Ge/68Ga generator and production of 68Ga-DOTATOC and 68Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC for clinical research studies.

Science.gov (United States)

Amor-Coarasa, Alejandro; Kelly, James M; Gruca, Monika; Nikolopoulou, Anastasia; Vallabhajosula, Shankar; Babich, John W

2017-10-01

Performance of a second itG 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generator system and production of 68 Ga-DOTATOC and 68 Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC were tested over one year as an accompaniment to a previously published study (J Nucl Med. 2016;57:1402-1405). Performance of a 1951MBq 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generator was characterized and the eluate used for preparation of 68 Ga-DOTATOC and 68 Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC. Weekly elution profiles of 68 Ga elution yield and 68 Ge breakthrough were determined. 68 Ga elution yields averaged 82% (61.8-98.4%) and 68 Ge breakthrough averaged 0.002% (0.0007% to 0.004%). The radiochemical purities of 68 Ga-DOTATOC and 68 Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC were determined by HPLC analysis to be >98% and specific activity was 12.6 and 42GBq/μmol, respectively. 68 Ge contamination in the product was under the detection limit (0.00001%). Final sterile, pyrogen-free formulation of 68 Ga-DOTATOC and 68 Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC in physiologic saline with 5%-7% ethanol was achieved. Performance of a 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generator was studied over one year with satisfactory results. The generator eluate was used to synthesize 68 Ga-DOTATOC and 68 Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC on a routine basis in high purity. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Secondary phase formation and the microstructural evolution of surface layers during vapor phase alteration of the French SON 68 nuclear waste glass at 200 degrees C

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gong, W.L.; Ewing, R.C.; Wang, L.M.

1995-01-01

The SON 68 inactive open-quotes R7T7close quotes composition is the French reference glass for the LWR nuclear waste glass. Vapor phase alteration was used to accelerate the reaction progress of glass corrosion and to develop the characteristic suite of secondary, alteration phases. Extensive solid-state characterization (AEM/SEM/HRTEM) was completed on six inactive R7T7 waste glasses which were altered in the presence of saturated water vapor (200 degrees C) for 91, 241, 908, 1000, 1013, and 1021 days. The AEM samples were examined in cross-section (lattice-fringe imaging, micro-diffraction, and quantitative thin-film EDS analysis). The glass monoliths were invariably covered with a thin altered rind. The layer became thicker with time: 0.5 μm for 22 days; 4 μm for 91 days; 6 μm for 241 days; 10 μm for 908 days; 26 μm for 1013 days; and 2 TeO 3 and (Ca,Sr)Mo 3 O 9 (OH) 2 , were found within the inner zones of surface layers, and they must have nucleated in situ, indicating that Ag, Te, Sr, and Mo can be retained within the surface layer. The majority of the surface layer volume is composed of two morphologically and chemically different structures: one consists of well-crystallized fibrous smectite aggregates occurring along with cavities, the A-domain; and the other consists of poorly-crystallized regions containing needle-like smectite (montmorillonite) crystallites, a silica-rich amorphous matrix, and possibly ZrO 2 particles, the B-domain

Production of a 68Ge/68Ga generator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Behrouz Shirazi; Behrouz Fateh; Mohammad Mirzaii; Gholamreza Aslani

2004-01-01

Background: Gallium-68 is a radioisotope with a half life of 68 min. As it has a specific decay mode, it is a positron emitter and hence, it is popularly used in nuclear medicine. The only way to obtain these nuclides is to produced the mother nuclease which is Germanium - 68. There are many nuclear reactions from which the Germanium - 68 is obtained, however, the best reaction is 69Ga (p,2n)68Ge. Materials and Methods: The cross section of this nuclear reaction was calculated with the ALICE-91 Code and the result was compared with the practical work done by other researchers. The comparing result was an acceptable one. Having the cross sections in mind, the best proton energy was calculated to be between 20-25 MeV Further research showed that Ga2O3 is the best type of target material. Therefore, it was necessary to design and make a suitable target holder for these k/nd of compositions, which for the very first time in Iran was done at Atomic Energy Organization of Iran (AEOI). The thickness of the target, bearing in mind the rate of energy loss in side the target material, was calculated with the SRIM Code and the Ga2O3 tablets were made with FT-IR instruments at Nuclear Research Center for Agriculture and Medicine (NRCAM). They were then bombarded with the 20, 21 and 22.5 MeV proton energy and the beam currents of 1.4, 7.5 and 13.3 μA.Two weeks after the bombardment the radio chemical separation of Germanium - 68 was done with concentrated acid HNO3 and applying heat. Then, the acid solution was evaporated till dried, after that, an EDTA solution (0.005 M, pH = 11) was added to recover the Germanium - 68. By passing the EDTA solution through the A12O3 column, Germanium - 68 radioisotope was adsorbed.Then another solution of EDTA (0.005 M, PH=11) was passed thorough the loaded column, almost all the natural Gallium impurities were removed.In this project the behavior of natural Gallium was studied via adding Gallium-67 as a tracer which it's half life is about

Génération d'onde stokes du second ordre et effet laser dans une fibre optique a cœur suspendu en verre de chalcogénure AsSe

OpenAIRE

Hey Tow , Kenny; Besnard , Pascal; Brilland , Laurent; Toupin , Périne; Troles , Johann; Méchin , David; Trégoat , Denis

2011-01-01

National audience; Une étude expérimentale sur les propriétés de la rétrodiffusion Brillouin stimulée dans une fibre optique à cœur suspendu en verre de chalcogénure AsSe est présentée. Avec seulement un mètre de fibre, nous générons suffisamment de gain Brillouin pour obtenir un laser à fibre monomode de type Fabry-Perot. Nous démontrons aussi la génération du second ordre Brillouin dans ces fibres avec 0,5 W de pompe.

Le verre à vitre et l’archéologie de la fin de l’Antiquité au XIIe siècle. Premières approches et perspectives

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christian Sapin

2007-08-01

Full Text Available Le vitrail a longtemps été considéré comme représentatif du plein Moyen Âge (XIe-XIIe siècle au plus tôt. Si quelques textes historiques impliquaient l’existence de vitrail à l’époque mérovingienne, la rareté des verres plats archéologiques, datés, ne permettait pas d’écrire avec précision une histoire du vitrail.Cette histoire est depuis quelques années revisitée par les sources archéologiques, aussi ténues puissent-elles paraître. La révolution la plus importante est, dans les années 1960,...

El vidrio en la construcción. Situación actual y orientación de la l+D

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Coto, José Antonio

1991-03-01

Full Text Available Not available.

El vidrio, bajo sus diferentes formas y composiciones, constituye uno de los materiales más utilizados en la construcción. Desempeña múltiples funciones: Estética, Confort, Seguridad,... Aunque se trata de un material muy antiguo, gracias al esfuerzo de l+D, está teniendo una importante evolución durante estos últimos años. Se desarrollan nuevas propiedades y funciones mediante modificaciones en su composición, tratamientos de su superficie o asociación con otros productos. Se recoge, en esta comunicación, un extenso número de nuevos productos y sus procedimientos de obtención, destacando su aplicación y funcionalidad en la construcción. Se da cierta extensión a los diferentes tratamientos de superficie (principalmente, capas delgadas sobre vidrio plano, por su especial implantación en la construcción actual. Igualmente, se describen los productos compuestos y sus utilizaciones más funcionales. Los vidrios con propiedades variables a voluntad son objeto de múltiples desarrollos actuales y, sin duda, serán de gran aplicación en la construcción en un futuro próximo. Se termina esta comunicación con una referencia, necesariamente breve, a los vidrios estructurales y las diferentes fibras de vidrio (tanto de aislamiento térmico y acústico, como de refuerzo, también de gran interés y difusión en la construcción. [fr] Le verre dans la construction. Situation actuelle et orientation de la R+D. Le verre, sous des formes et compositions différentes, représente un matériau très utilisé dans le bâtiment. Ses fonctions sont multiples: Esthétique, Confort, Sécurité, ... Bien qu'il s'agit d'un matériau très ancien, grâce a l'effort de R+D, son évolution pendant les dernières années a été très importante. On a développé de nouvelles propriétés et fonctions en modifiant la composition, les traitements de surface ou l'association avec d'autres produits. Dans cette

Validation of 68Ge/68Ga generator processing by chemical purification for routine clinical application of 68Ga-DOTATOC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Asti, Mattia; De Pietri, Giovanni; Fraternali, Alessandro; Grassi, Elisa; Sghedoni, Roberto; Fioroni, Federica; Roesch, Frank; Versari, Annibale; Salvo, Diana

2008-01-01

Introduction: Imaging of somatostatin receptor expressing tumours has been greatly enhanced by the use of 68 Ga-DOTATOC and PET/CT. Methods: In this work, a purification method for the 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generator eluate and a method to produce 68 Ga-DOTATOC suitable for clinical use were evaluated. The generator eluate was purified and concentrated on a cation-exchange cartridge in HCl/acetone media. The efficacy of this procedure in eliminating metal impurities from the 68 Ga solution was investigated by ICP-MS. The radiotracer quality was evaluated by radio-TLC, GC and γ-ray spectrometry. Results: 68 Ga-DOTATOC preparations (n=33) were carried out with a mean synthesis yield of 59.3±2.8% (not corrected for decay) and a batch activity ranging from 555 to 296 MBq. The radiochemical and radionuclidic purity were >98% and 99.9999%, respectively. With this purification process, >95% of the Fe(III), Zn(II) and Mn(II) were eliminated from the solution. Conclusions: 68 Ga-DOTATOC produced with this method can be efficiently used in nuclear medicine departments for PET evaluations

Averaged cross sections for the reactions 68Zn(n,p)68gCu and 68Zn(n,p)68mCu for a 235U fission neutron spectrum

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kestelman, A.J.; Ribeiro Guevara, S.; Arribere, M.A.; Cohen, I.M.

2007-01-01

Making use of the method developed in our laboratory for the simultaneous determination of cross sections leading to both the ground and metastable states, we have measured the 68 Zn(n,p) 68g Cu and 68 Zn(n,p) 68m Cu reactions, using Zn enriched to 99.4% in its isotope 68 Zn. The measured cross sections are (15.04±0.35) and (3.69±0.30) μb for the ground and metastable state, respectively. However, a direct determination of the cross section leading to the metastable state gives a value of (4.75±0.38) μb. A possible reason for this discrepancy-which is outside experimental uncertainties-is that some tabulated values used in our calculations for the decay parameters of 68g Cu and 68m Cu, have either larger than quoted, or unknown systematic, uncertainties

Disposal of radioactive contaminated waste from Ga-68-PET. Calculation of a clearance level for Ge-68+; Entsorgung radioaktiv kontaminierter Reststoffe aus der Ga-68-PET. Berechnung eines Freigabewertes fuer Ge-68+

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Solle, Alexander; Wanke, Carsten; Geworksi, Lilli [Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (Germany). Stabsstelle Strahlenschutz und Abt. Medizinische Physik

2017-05-01

Ga-68-labeled radiotracers, particularly used for the detection of neuroendocrine tumors by means of Ga-68-DOTA-TATE or -DOTA-TOC or for the diagnosis of prostate cancer by means of Ga-68-labeled antigens (Ga 68-PSMA), become increasingly important. In addition to the high sensitivity and specificity of these radiopharmaceuticals, the short-lived radionuclide Ga-68 offers almost ideal nuclear characteristics for use in PET. Ga-68 is obtained from a germanium-gallium-generator system, so that the availability of Ga-68-labeled radiotracers is independent of an on-site-cyclotron regardless of the short half-life of Ga-68 of about 68 minutes. Regarding the disposal of the radioactively contaminated waste from the preparation of the radiopharmaceutical, the eluted Ga-68 has to be considered to be additionally contaminated with its parent nuclide Ge-68. Due to this production-related impurity in combination with the short half-life of Ga-68, the radioactive waste has to be considered to be contaminated with Ge-68 and Ga-68 in radioactive equilibrium (hereafter referred to as Ge-68+). As there are no clearance levels for Ge-68+ given in the German Radiation Protection Ordinance, this work presents a method to calculate the missing value basing on a recommendation of the German Radiation Protection Commission in combination with simple geometric models of practical radiation protection. Regarding the relevant exposure scenarios, a limit value for the unrestricted clearance of Ge-68+ of 0.4 Bq/g was determined.

Review on Sons and Lovers

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

顾燕君

2013-01-01

This essay centralizes on the analysis of the writing skills, the theme and my personal insights of Sons and Lovers, as well as my interpretation of the mother-son relationship in terms of feminism. Overall, hope it will provide a specific perspective of this renowned novel and arouse the readers’attention to interpret the novel themselves.

Exploring the radiosynthesis and in vitro characteristics of [68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9.

Science.gov (United States)

Jensen, Svend B; Käkelä, Meeri; Jødal, Lars; Moisio, Olli; Alstrup, Aage K O; Jalkanen, Sirpa; Roivainen, Anne

2017-07-01

Vascular adhesion protein 1 is a leukocyte homing-associated glycoprotein, which upon inflammation rapidly translocates from intracellular sources to the endothelial cell surface. It has been discovered that the cyclic peptide residues 283-297 of sialic acid-binding IgG-like lectin 9 (Siglec-9) "CARLSLSWRGLTLCPSK" bind to vascular adhesion protein 1 and hence makes the radioactive analogues of this compound ([ 68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9) interesting as a noninvasive visualizing marker of inflammation. Three different approaches to the radiosynthesis of [ 68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 are presented and compared with previously published methods. A simple, robust radiosynthesis of [ 68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 with a yield of 62% (non decay-corrected) was identified, and it had a radiochemical purity >98% and a specific radioactivity of 35 MBq/nmol. Furthermore, the protein binding and stability of [ 68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 were analyzed in vitro in mouse, rat, rabbit, pig, and human plasma and compared with in vivo pig results. The plasma in vitro protein binding of [ 68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 was the lowest in the pig followed by rabbit, human, rat, and mouse. It was considerably higher in the in vivo pig experiments. The in vivo stability in pigs was lower than the in vitro stability. Despite considerable species differences, the observed characteristics of [ 68 Ga]Ga-DOTA-Siglec-9 are suitable as a positron emission tomography tracer. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A test of the "sexy son" hypothesis: sons of polygynous collared flycatchers do not inherit their fathers' mating status.

Science.gov (United States)

Gustafsson, Lars; Qvarnström, Anna

2006-02-01

According to the original "sexy son" hypothesis, a female may benefit from pairing with an already-mated male despite a reduction in fecundity because her sons inherit their father's attractiveness. We used data from a long-term study of collared flycatchers (Ficedula albicollis) collected during 24 years to test this prediction. Our results show that the sons of polygynously mated females fledged in poor condition and therefore did not inherit their father's large forehead patch (a condition-dependent display trait) or mating status. From the female's perspective, polygynous pairing resulted in fewer recruited grandchildren than did a monogamous pairing. The reproductive value of sons did not outweigh the fecundity costs of polygyny because the low paternal care reduced the attractiveness of sons. When there are long-lasting parental effects on offspring attractiveness, costs of polygyny may include the production of nonsexy sons.

Son Preference in Pakistan; A Myth or Reality.

Science.gov (United States)

Atif, Khaula; Ullah, Muhammad Zia; Afsheen, Afeera; Naqvi, Syed Abid Hassan; Raja, Zulqarnain Ashraf; Niazi, Saleem Asif

2016-01-01

To analyze desire for sons/daughters among ladies of Peshawar, Pakistan, with a view to rule out son preference and to study impact of various demographic characteristics on the subject. Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar, from August 2015 - January 2016; sampling technique was random/probability/non-purposive. Self-designed questionnaire was utilized; carrying questions pertinent to desire for sons/daughters during marital life, and demographic details. Data analyzed via descriptive analysis (SPSS-21), expressed as frequencies/percentages and mean ± standard deviation(minimum/maximum). Sons and daughters desired (dependent variables) were cross-tabulated with independent variables. Response rate was 63.25% (n-506). Data revealed following: Sons desired 3.05±2.061(1/12); Daughters desired 1.15±0.767(0/4); 6.1%(n-31) and 0.6%(n-3) desired infinite number of sons and daughters respectively, 18.2%(n-92) did not desire to have even one daughter, while 2.2%(n-11) considered it immaterial to have daughters or sons. There was a significant relation between sons desired and client's education (pGender discrimination can be attenuated by adequately addressing son preference at all tiers.

Production of prototype 68Ge/68Ga generator in Iran

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shirazi, B.; Fateh, B.; Mirzaii, M.; Aslani, Gh. R.

2007-01-01

Ga-68 is a radioisotope material with a half life of 68 min. As it has a specific decay mode, it is a positron emitter and hence, is popularly used in nuclear medicine. The only way to obtain these nuclides is to produce the mother nuclease which is Germanium-68. There are many nuclear reactions from which the Ge-68 is obtained, however, the best reaction is 6 9 G a(p, 2n) 6 8 G e . The cross section of this nuclear reaction was calculated with the ALICE-91 Code and the result was compared with the practical work made by other researchers, and it was acceptable. Having the cross sections in mind, the best proton energy was calculated to be between 20-25 MeV. Further research showed that Ga 2 O 3 is the best type of target material. Therefore, it was necessary to design and make a suitable target holder for these kind of compositions, which for the first time in Iran was demonstrated in the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran. The thickness of the target, bearing in mind the rate of energy loss inside the target material, was calculated with the SRIM Code and the Ga 2 O 3 tablets were made with FT-IR facilities at the Nuclear Research Center for Agriculture and Medicine (NRCAM). They were, then bombarded with 22.5 MeV proton energy and the beam currents of 2 and 10 μA. Two weeks after the bombardment the radio chemical separation of Ge-68 was accompolished with concentrated acid HN0 3 and by applying heat. Then, the acid solution was evaporated till dried, after that, an EDTA solution (0.005 M, pH=11) was added to recover the Ge-68. By passing the EDTA solution with the rate of 0.5 ml/min through the AI 2 O 3 column, the Ge-68 radioisotope was observed. Then, about 50 ml of EDTA (0.005 M, pH=11) was passed through the loaded column, where almost all the natural Gallium impurities were removed. The prepared generators were milked many times with EDTA solution (0.005 M, pH=8) and the leakage of Ge-68 nuclease and natural Gallium were determined. The average of the

Clinical applications of Gallium-68

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Banerjee, Sangeeta Ray; Pomper, Martin G.

2013-01-01

Gallium-68 is a positron-emitting radioisotope that is produced from a 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generator. As such it is conveniently used, decoupling radiopharmacies from the need for a cyclotron on site. Gallium-68-labeled peptides have been recognized as a new class of radiopharmaceuticals showing fast target localization and blood clearance. 68 Ga-DOTATOC, 8 Ga-DOTATATE, 68 Ga-DOTANOC, are the most prominent radiopharmaceuticals currently in use for imaging and differentiating lesions of various somatostatin receptor subtypes, overexpressed in many neuroendocrine tumors. There has been a tremendous increase in the number of clinical studies with 68 Ga over the past few years around the world, including within the United States. An estimated ∼10,000 scans are being performed yearly in Europe at about 100 centers utilizing 68 Ga-labeled somatostatin analogs within clinical trials. Two academic sites within the US have also begun to undertake human studies. This review will focus on the clinical experience of selected, well-established and recently applied 68 Ga-labeled imaging agents used in nuclear medicine. - Highlights: ► A summary of the emerging clinical uses of 68 Ga-based radiopharmaceuticals is provided. ► 68 Ga-PET may prove as or more clinically robust than the corresponding 18 F-labeled agents. ► 68 Ga-radiopeptides were studied for targeting of somatostatin receptors subtypes. ► 68 Ga-DOTATOC, 68 Ga-DOTATATE, 68 Ga-DOTANOC, are currently in clinical trials

Utility of Gallium-68 DOTANOC PET/CT in the localization of Tumour-induced osteomalacia.

Science.gov (United States)

Bhavani, Nisha; Reena Asirvatham, Adlyne; Kallur, Kumar; Menon, Arun S; Pavithran, Praveen V; Nair, Vasantha; Vasukutty, Jayakumar R; Menon, Usha; Kumar, Harish

2016-01-01

Tumour-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare disorder characterized by hypophosphataemic osteomalacia caused by small mesenchymal tumours secreting fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF 23). The most difficult part in the management of these patients is the localization of tumours causing TIO. We describe the utility of Gallium (Ga)-68 DOTANOC PET/CT in the localization of tumours causing TIO. The study was conducted in a single tertiary referral university teaching hospital in India. Ten patients with TIO who underwent Ga-68 DOTANOC PET/CT from the time period 2009 to 2014 were included in this study. Their detailed clinical history, biochemical parameters, imaging modalities, surgical interventions, histopathology and outcomes were reviewed. Ga-68 DOTANOC PET/CT could correctly localize the tumours in TIO in 9 of the 10 cases in which it was performed. Complete resection of the tumour led to full clinical recovery in six of the ten patients; two patients who had partial resection and one patient who underwent radiofrequency ablation showed partial remission. One patient in whom Ga-68 DOTANOC PET/CT was positive in vertebral body with a low standardized uptake value (SUV) did not show up the tumour on surgery. We conclude that Ga-68 DOTANOC PET/CT can be used as the first imaging modality in patients diagnosed with TIO. The extremely good outcome following the resection of these small otherwise undiagnosed tumours far outweighs its cost even in resource limited settings. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Enterovirus D68

Science.gov (United States)

Non-polio enterovirus ... Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Enterovirus D68. www.cdc.gov/non-polio-enterovirus/about/ev-d68.html#us . Updated October 20, 2017. Accessed October 26, 2017. Romero JR, Modlin ...

Preliminary PET/CT Imaging with Somatostatin Analogs [68Ga]DOTAGA-TATE and [68Ga]DOTAGA-TOC.

Science.gov (United States)

Satpati, Drishty; Shinto, Ajit; Kamaleshwaran, K K; Sarma, Haladhar Dev; Dash, Ashutosh

2017-12-01

Somatostatin receptor positron emission tomography/X-ray computed tomography (SSTR-PET/CT) is a well-established technique for staging and detection of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Ga-68-labeled DOTA-conjugated octreotide analogs are the privileged radiotracers for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of NETs. Hence, we were interested in assessing the influence of promising, newer variant DOTAGA on the hydrophilicity, pharmacokinetics, and lesion pick-up of somatostatin analogs. Herein, the potential of ([ 68 Ga]DOTAGA, Tyr 3 , Thr 8 ) octreotide ([ 68 Ga]DOTAGA-TATE) and ([ 68 Ga]DOTAGA, Tyr 3 ) octreotide ([ 68 Ga]DOTAGA-TOC) as NET imaging agents has been investigated. Amenability of [ 68 Ga]DOTAGA-(TATE/TOC) to kit-type formulation has been demonstrated. Biodistribution studies were carried out in normal rats at 1 h post-injection (p.i.). [ 68 Ga]DOTAGA-(TATE/TOC) PET/CT scans were carried out in patients (70-170 MBq, 1 h p.i.) with histologically confirmed well-differentiated NETs. [ 68 Ga]DOTAGA-TATE exhibited hydrophilicity similar to [ 68 Ga]DOTA-TATE (log P = -3.51 vs -3.69) whereas [ 68 Ga]DOTAGA-TOC was more hydrophilic than [ 68 Ga]DOTA-TOC (log P = -3.27 vs -2.93). [ 68 Ga]DOTAGA-TATE and [ 68 Ga]DOTA-TATE showed almost identical blood and kidney uptake in normal rats whereas significantly fast clearance (p TOC also demonstrated rapid clearance from blood and kidneys (p TOC. The metastatic lesions in NET patients were well identified by [ 68 Ga]DOTAGA-TATE and [ 68 Ga]DOTAGA-TOC. The phenomenal analogy was observed between [ 68 Ga]DOTAGA-TATE and [ 68 Ga]DOTA-TATE as well as between [ 68 Ga]DOTAGA-TOC and [ 68 Ga]DOTA-TOC in biodistribution studies in rats. The good lesion detection ability of the two radiotracers indicates their potential as NET imaging radiotracers.

Averaged cross sections for the reactions {sup 68}Zn(n,p){sup 68g}Cu and {sup 68}Zn(n,p){sup 68m}Cu for a {sup 235}U fission neutron spectrum

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kestelman, A.J. [Laboratorio de Analisis por Activacion Neutronica, Centro Atomico Bariloche e Instituto Balseiro, Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica y Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 8400 Bariloche (Argentina)]. E-mail: kestelma@cab.cnea.gov.ar; Ribeiro Guevara, S. [Laboratorio de Analisis por Activacion Neutronica, Centro Atomico Bariloche e Instituto Balseiro, Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica y Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 8400 Bariloche (Argentina); Arribere, M.A. [Laboratorio de Analisis por Activacion Neutronica, Centro Atomico Bariloche e Instituto Balseiro, Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica y Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 8400 Bariloche (Argentina); Cohen, I.M. [Universidad Tecnologica Nacional, Facultad Regional Buenos Aires, Medrano 951 (C1179AAQ) Buenos Aires (Argentina)

2007-07-15

Making use of the method developed in our laboratory for the simultaneous determination of cross sections leading to both the ground and metastable states, we have measured the {sup 68}Zn(n,p){sup 68g}Cu and {sup 68}Zn(n,p){sup 68m}Cu reactions, using Zn enriched to 99.4% in its isotope {sup 68}Zn. The measured cross sections are (15.04{+-}0.35) and (3.69{+-}0.30) {mu}b for the ground and metastable state, respectively. However, a direct determination of the cross section leading to the metastable state gives a value of (4.75{+-}0.38) {mu}b. A possible reason for this discrepancy-which is outside experimental uncertainties-is that some tabulated values used in our calculations for the decay parameters of {sup 68g}Cu and {sup 68m}Cu, have either larger than quoted, or unknown systematic, uncertainties.

Sexual Orientation of Adult Sons of Gay Fathers.

Science.gov (United States)

Bailey, J. Michael; And Others

1995-01-01

Examined the sexual orientation of 82 adult sons of 55 gay men. Found that more than 90% of the sons whose sexual orientation could be rated were heterosexual. Gay and heterosexual sons did not differ on potentially relevant variables such as length of time they had lived with their fathers. (MDM)

Son Preference and Its Consequences (A Review) | Shah | Gender ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Cultural preference for sons was evident from that fact that in Hindu\\'s traditions, ... A common perception of son\\'s preference on daughter was the ascribed ability of ... against females in the allocation of food and health care within the household. ... their-self in most of the south Asian countries preferred sons to daughters.

Development of a nano-zirconia based {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generator for biomedical applications

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chakravarty, Rubel [Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085 (India); Shukla, Rakesh [Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085 (India); Ram, Ramu [Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085 (India); Tyagi, Avesh Kumar [Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085 (India); Dash, Ashutosh, E-mail: adash@barc.gov.i [Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085 (India); Venkatesh, Meera [Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085 (India)

2011-05-15

Introduction: Most of the commercially available {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generator systems are not optimally designed for direct applications in a clinical context. We have developed a nano-zirconia based {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generator system for accessing {sup 68}Ga amenable for the preparation of radiopharmaceuticals. Methods: Nano-zirconia was synthesized by the in situ reaction of zirconyl chloride with ammonium hydroxide in alkaline medium. The physical characteristics of the material were studied by various analytical techniques. A 740 MBq (20 mCi) {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generator was developed using this sorbent and its performance was evaluated for a period of 1 year. The suitability of {sup 68}Ga for labeling biomolecules was ascertained by labeling DOTA-TATE with {sup 68}Ga. Results: The material synthesized was nanocrystalline with average particle size of {approx}7 nm, pore-size of {approx}4 A and a high surface area of 340{+-}10 m{sup 2} g{sup -1}. {sup 68}Ga could be regularly eluted from this generator in 0.01N HCl medium with an overall radiochemical yield >80% and with high radionuclidic (<10{sup -5}% of {sup 68}Ge impurity) and chemical purity (<0.1 ppm of Zr, Fe and Mn ions). The compatibility of the product for preparation of {sup 68}Ga-labeled DOTA-TATE under the optimized reaction conditions was found to be satisfactory in terms of high labeling yields (>99%). The generator gave a consistent performance with respect to the elution yield and purity of {sup 68}Ga over a period of 1 year. Conclusions: The feasibility of preparing an efficient {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generator which can directly be used for biomedical applications has been demonstrated.

[Disposal of radioactive contaminated waste from Ga-68-PET - calculation of a clearance level for Ge-68].

Science.gov (United States)

Solle, Alexander; Wanke, Carsten; Geworski, Lilli

2017-03-01

Ga-68-labeled radiotracers, particularly used for the detection of neuroendocrine tumors by means of Ga-68-DOTA-TATE or -DOTA-TOC or for the diagnosis of prostate cancer by means of Ga-68-labeled antigens (Ga 68-PSMA), become increasingly important. In addition to the high sensitivity and specificity of these radiopharmaceuticals, the short-lived radionuclide Ga-68 offers almost ideal nuclear characteristics for use in PET. Ga-68 is obtained from a germanium-gallium-generator system, so that the availability of Ga-68-labeled radiotracers is independent of an on-site-cyclotron regardless of the short half-life of Ga-68 of about 68minutes. Regarding the disposal of the radioactively contaminated waste from the preparation of the radiopharmaceutical, the eluted Ga-68 has to be considered to be additionally contaminated with its parent nuclide Ge-68. Due to this production-related impurity in combination with the short half-life of Ga-68, the radioactive waste has to be considered to be contaminated with Ge-68 and Ga-68 in radioactive equilibrium (hereafter referred to as Ge-68+). As there are no clearance levels for Ge-68+ given in the German Radiation Protection Ordinance, this work presents a method to calculate the missing value basing on a recommendation of the German Radiation Protection Commission in combination with simple geometric models of practical radiation protection. Regarding the relevant exposure scenarios, a limit value for the unrestricted clearance of Ge-68+ of 0.4 Bq/g was determined. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier GmbH.

Disposal of radioactive contaminated waste from Ga-68-PET. Calculation of a clearance level for Ge-68+

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Solle, Alexander; Wanke, Carsten; Geworksi, Lilli

2017-01-01

Ga-68-labeled radiotracers, particularly used for the detection of neuroendocrine tumors by means of Ga-68-DOTA-TATE or -DOTA-TOC or for the diagnosis of prostate cancer by means of Ga-68-labeled antigens (Ga 68-PSMA), become increasingly important. In addition to the high sensitivity and specificity of these radiopharmaceuticals, the short-lived radionuclide Ga-68 offers almost ideal nuclear characteristics for use in PET. Ga-68 is obtained from a germanium-gallium-generator system, so that the availability of Ga-68-labeled radiotracers is independent of an on-site-cyclotron regardless of the short half-life of Ga-68 of about 68 minutes. Regarding the disposal of the radioactively contaminated waste from the preparation of the radiopharmaceutical, the eluted Ga-68 has to be considered to be additionally contaminated with its parent nuclide Ge-68. Due to this production-related impurity in combination with the short half-life of Ga-68, the radioactive waste has to be considered to be contaminated with Ge-68 and Ga-68 in radioactive equilibrium (hereafter referred to as Ge-68+). As there are no clearance levels for Ge-68+ given in the German Radiation Protection Ordinance, this work presents a method to calculate the missing value basing on a recommendation of the German Radiation Protection Commission in combination with simple geometric models of practical radiation protection. Regarding the relevant exposure scenarios, a limit value for the unrestricted clearance of Ge-68+ of 0.4 Bq/g was determined.

Studies on the preparation of {sup 68}Ge-{sup 68}Ga generator with inorganic materials

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brambilla, Tania P.; Osso Junior, Joao A., E-mail: jaosso@ipen.b [Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), Sao Paulo, SP (Brazil)

2011-07-01

{sup 68}Ga as a positron emitter is of great interest because of some important advantages. It has a physical half-life of 67.71 min, which is compatible with the pharmacokinetics of many radiopharmaceuticals of low molecular weight. Other important characteristic is its cyclotron-independent availability via the {sup 68}Ge-{sup 68}Ga radionuclide generator system. In Brazil only one positron emitter radionuclide is produced, {sup 18}F, and the medical class has a great interest in using {sup 68}Ga labeled molecules, in particular peptides such as DOTA-octriotide. A project for developing a home made {sup 68}Ge-{sup 68}Ga is under way at IPEN-CNEN/SP. The aim of this work is to develop an efficient and simplified generator system of {sup 68}Ge-{sup 68}Ga that offers {sup 68}Ga{sup 3+} adequate for clinical use. Initial results will be reported concerning the behavior of Ge and Ga in adsorbers such as calcined acid and basic Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}, HZO (hydrous zirconium oxide), TiO{sub 2}, microspheres of Zr (Zr mic) and microspheres of Al (Al mic). Adsorption studies were carried out using {gamma}-emitting tracers, {sup 67}Ga and {sup 68}Ga and chemical tracer, GeO{sub 2}. The samples containing {sup 67}/{sup 68}Ga were analysed using a dose calibrator CRC-15R from Capintec and the samples containing Ge were evaluated by the Optical Emission Spectrometry using Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP-OES). The ICP-OES equipment used was a Varian Vista-MPX from Varian and calibration curves for Ge were constructed in the range of 0.2 to 1.0 {mu}g.mL{sup -1}. The use of basic Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}, TiO{sub 2}, HZO and Zr mic showed the more promising results. (author)

Comparison of 68Ga-OPS202 (68Ga-NODAGA-JR11) and 68Ga-DOTATOC (68Ga-Edotreotide) PET/CT in Patients with Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Evaluation of Sensitivity in a Prospective Phase II Imaging Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Nicolas, Guillaume P; Schreiter, Nils; Kaul, Felix; Uiters, John; Bouterfa, Hakim; Kaufmann, Jens; Erlanger, Tobias E; Cathomas, Richard; Christ, Emanuel; Fani, Melpomeni; Wild, Damian

2017-11-30

Radiolabeled somatostatin receptor (sst) agonists are integral to the diagnosis of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs), but detection rates, especially of liver metastases, remain disappointing even with PET/CT. 68 Ga-OPS202 ( 68 Ga-NODAGA-JR11), a novel radiolabeled sst antagonist with a high affinity for sst 2 , has the potential to perform better than sst agonists. Here we present the results of the Phase II component of a Phase I/II study, which evaluated the sensitivity of 68 Ga-OPS202 PET/CT compared with the reference compound, 68 Ga-DOTATOC (sst agonist). Methods: Patients received a single intravenous administration of 68 Ga-DOTATOC (15 µg peptide) and 68 Ga-OPS202 (15 µg peptide at visit 1; 50 µg peptide at visit 2) with an activity of 150 MBq. Whole-body PET/CT acquisitions were performed 1 h post injection on the same calibrated PET/CT scanner. Diagnostic efficacy measures were compared against contrast medium-enhanced CT or MRI as gold standard. Two independent blinded experts read the scans and both outcomes were combined for analysis. Results: Twelve consecutive patients with G1 or G2 GEP-NETs took part in this prospective study. Image contrast for matched malignant liver lesions was significantly higher for 68 Ga-OPS202 scans than for the 68 Ga-DOTATOC scan: median of the mean [interquartile] tumor-to-normal-liver SUV max ratios for 15 µg and 50 µg 68 Ga-OPS202 (5.3 [2.9 - 5.7] and 4.3 [3.4 - 6.3], respectively) were significantly higher than for 68 Ga-DOTATOC (1.9 [1.4 - 2.9]; P = 0.004 and P = 0.008, respectively). The higher tumor-to-background ratio of 68 Ga-OPS202 resulted not only in a higher detection rate of liver metastases, but also in a significantly higher lesion-based overall sensitivity with the antagonist than with 68 Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT: 94% and 88% for 50 µg and 15 µg 68 Ga-OPS202 and 59% for 15 µg 68 Ga-DOTATOC, respectively (pPET/CT and 68 Ga DOTATOC PET/CT were similar (approximately 98%). There were no

¿Son los obreros idiotas e irracionales?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco José León

2010-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo presentamos un análisis crítico de la aproximación posmoderna y posestructuralista a la cuestión de la subjetividad obrera. El examen evidencia que: a algunas de sus proposiciones explicativas son internamente contradictorias o lógicamente inconsistentes; b en otras ocasiones la contradicción se produce entre las distintas proposiciones que la teoría ofrece para explicar un mismo fenómeno; c son frecuentes las contradicciones entre las proposiciones explicativas y los principios teóricos de los que se derivan; d es común la falta de inteligibilidad de las proposiciones; e abundan los "agujeros negros" en las cadenas de acontecimientos que se presentan como previos a la producción del efecto que pretenden explicar, y f muchas de sus proposiciones o bien no son plausibles empíricamente o simplemente no son empíricamente testables. Atribuimos a estas deficiencias la responsabilidad del fracaso de los autores posmodernos en su intento por recuperar la agencia obrera en los estudios del proceso de trabajo.

Male-mediated infertility in sons of building painters and gardeners

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ramlau-Hansen, C H; Stoltenberg, C D G; Hougaard, K S

2012-01-01

To investigate whether sons of gardeners and building painters have increased risk of infertility in comparison with sons of bricklayers, carpenters and electricians.......To investigate whether sons of gardeners and building painters have increased risk of infertility in comparison with sons of bricklayers, carpenters and electricians....

Characteristics of SnO2-based 68Ge/68Ga generator and aspects of radiolabelling DOTA-peptides.

Science.gov (United States)

de Blois, Erik; Sze Chan, Ho; Naidoo, Clive; Prince, Deidre; Krenning, Eric P; Breeman, Wouter A P

2011-02-01

PET scintigraphy with (68)Ga-labelled analogs is of increasing interest in Nuclear Medicine and performed all over the world. Here we report the characteristics of the eluate of SnO(2)-based (68)Ge/(68)Ga generators prepared by iThemba LABS (Somerset West, South Africa). Three purification and concentration techniques of the eluate for labelling DOTA-TATE and concordant SPE purifications were investigated. Characteristics of 4 SnO(2)-based generators (range 0.4-1 GBq (68)Ga in the eluate) and several concentration techniques of the eluate (HCl) were evaluated. The elution profiles of SnO(2)-based (68)Ge/(68)Ga generators were monitored, while [HCl] of the eluens was varied from 0.3-1.0 M. Metal ions and sterility of the eluate were determined by ICP. Fractionated elution and concentration of the (68)Ga eluate were performed using anion and cation exchange. Concentrated (68)Ga eluate, using all three concentration techniques, was used for labelling of DOTA-TATE. (68)Ga-DOTA-TATE-containing solution was purified and RNP increased by SPE, therefore also 11 commercially available SPE columns were investigated. The amount of elutable (68)Ga activity varies when the concentration of the eluens, HCl, was varied, while (68)Ge activity remains virtually constant. SnO(2)-based (68)Ge/(68)Ga generator elutes at 0.6 M HCl >100% of the (68)Ga activity at calibration time and ±75% after 300 days. Eluate at discharge was sterile and Endotoxins were 80%). Highest desorption for cation purification was obtained using a solution containing 90% acetone at increasing molarity of HCl, resulted in a (68)Ga desorption of 68±8%. With all (68)Ge/(68)Ga generators and for all 3 purification methods a SA up to 50 MBq/nmol with >95% incorporation (ITLC) and RCP (radiochemical purity) by HPLC ±90% could be achieved. Purification and concentration of the eluate with anion exchange has the benefit of more elutable (68)Ga with 1 M HCl as eluens. The additional washing step of the anion column

40 CFR 68.15 - Management.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Management. 68.15 Section 68.15... ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS General § 68.15 Management. (a) The owner or operator of a stationary source with processes subject to Program 2 or Program 3 shall develop a management system to oversee the...

40 CFR 68.12 - General requirements.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

...) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS General § 68.12 General requirements. (a) General requirements. The... the five-year accident history for the process as provided in § 68.42 of this part and submit it in... §§ 68.150 to 68.185. The RMP shall include a registration that reflects all covered processes. (b...

Son preference in rural China: patrilineal families and socioeconomic change.

Science.gov (United States)

Murphy, Rachel; Tao, Ran; Lu, Xi

2011-01-01

This article draws on a survey conducted in six provinces in summer 2008 to investigate the determinants of son preference in rural China. The analysis confirms the conventional wisdom that son preference is embedded within patrilineal family structures and practices. We extend our analysis by exploring specific aspects of variation within patrilineal family culture. We find that the patrilineal group (clan) composition of villages and family participation in practices such as building ancestral halls and updating genealogies significantly influence son preference. Yet even though son preference is embedded within patrilineal family culture, our analysis suggests that over time the attenuation of son preference is likely. This is because determinants associated with socioeconomic change—for instance, higher levels of education, direct exposure to official policy education materials, higher income (a proxy for rural industrialization), and agricultural mechanization—all attenuate son preference. Being younger and female are also associated with weaker son preference, and both characteristics are likely to interact with education and industrialization to further dilute son preference in the longer term. Nevertheless, our findings suggest that concerted efforts are needed to ameliorate institutional discrimination against rural people in welfare provisioning and in labor markets, and to promote multiple dimensions of gender equality, including in land rights, wage rates, and education.

SO(N) reformulated link invariants from topological strings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Borhade, Pravina; Ramadevi, P.

2005-01-01

Large N duality conjecture between U(N) Chern-Simons gauge theory on S 3 and A-model topological string theory on the resolved conifold was verified at the level of partition function and Wilson loop observables. As a consequence, the conjectured form for the expectation value of the topological operators in A-model string theory led to a reformulation of link invariants in U(N) Chern-Simons theory giving new polynomial invariants whose integer coefficients could be given a topological meaning. We show that the A-model topological operator involving SO(N) holonomy leads to a reformulation of link invariants in SO(N) Chern-Simons theory. Surprisingly, the SO(N) reformulated invariants also has a similar form with integer coefficients. The topological meaning of the integer coefficients needs to be explored from the duality conjecture relating SO(N) Chern-Simons theory to A-model closed string theory on orientifold of the resolved conifold background

Son preference in a rural village in North Vietnam.

Science.gov (United States)

Bélanger, Danièle

2002-12-01

This article explores the continuing preference for sons in the context of low fertility in Vietnam. Although the total fertility rate for Vietnam declined from 6.0 children per woman of reproductive age in 1979 to 2.2 children in 1998, demographic evidence shows that son preference remains strong and influences contraceptive and fertility behavior. This study examines the underlying factors for son preference in a rural village in North Vietnam. The methodology includes focus-group discussions, an in-depth study of 25 families, and ethnographic observation. Results indicate that sons are highly desired for their social, symbolic, and economic value. In spite of four decades of socialist policies aimed at reducing gender-based inequalities and at weakening the patriarchal kinship system, the desire for sons continues to drive the family-building process. The article also indicates a gap between discourse and social practice with respect to roles assigned to children on the basis of their sex.

68Ga-triacetylfusarinine C and 68Ga-ferrioxamine E for Aspergillus infection imaging: uptake specificity in various microorganisms

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Petrik, M.; Haas, H. de; Laverman, P.; Schrettl, M.; Franssen, G.M.; Blatzer, M.; Decristoforo, C.

2014-01-01

(68)Ga-triacetylfusarinine C ((68)Ga-TAFC) and (68)Ga-ferrioxamine E ((68)Ga-FOXE) showed excellent targeting properties in Aspergillus fumigatus rat infection model. Here, we report on the comparison of specificity towards different microorganisms and human lung cancer cells (H1299).The in vitro

7 CFR 3570.68 - Selection process.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Selection process. 3570.68 Section 3570.68 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) RURAL HOUSING SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE COMMUNITY PROGRAMS Community Facilities Grant Program § 3570.68 Selection process. Each request...

Somatostatin receptor PET in neuroendocrine tumours: 68Ga-DOTA0,Tyr3-octreotide versus 68Ga-DOTA0-lanreotide

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Putzer, Daniel; Kroiss, Alexander; Waitz, Dietmar; Gabriel, Michael; Uprimny, Christian; Guggenberg, Elisabeth von; Decristoforo, Clemens; Warwitz, Boris; Virgolini, Irene Johanna; Traub-Weidinger, Tatjana; Widmann, Gerlig

2013-01-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of 68 Ga-labelled DOTA 0 -lanreotide ( 68 Ga-DOTA-LAN) on the diagnostic assessment of neuroendocrine tumour (NET) patients with low to moderate uptake on planar somatostatin receptor (SSTR) scintigraphy or 68 Ga-labelled DOTA 0 ,Tyr 3 -octreotide ( 68 Ga-DOTA-TOC) positron emission tomography (PET). Fifty-three patients with histologically confirmed NET and clinical signs of progressive disease, who had not qualified for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) on planar SSTR scintigraphy or 68 Ga-DOTA-TOC PET (n = 38) due to lack of tracer uptake, underwent 68 Ga-DOTA-LAN PET to evaluate a treatment option with 90 Y-labelled lanreotide according to the MAURITIUS trial. The included patients received 150 ± 30 MBq of each radiopharmaceutical intravenously. PET scans were acquired 60-90 min after intravenous bolus injection. Image results from both PET scans were compared head to head, focusing on the intensity of tracer uptake in terms of treatment decision. CT was used for morphologic correlation of tumour lesions. To further evaluate the binding affinities of each tracer, quantitative and qualitative values were calculated for target lesions. 68 Ga-DOTA-LAN and 68 Ga-DOTA-TOC both showed equivalent findings in 24/38 patients when fused PET/CT images were interpreted. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 68 Ga-DOTA-LAN in comparison to CT were 0.63, 0.5 and 0.62 (n = 53; p 68 Ga-DOTA-TOC in comparison to CT 0.78, 0.5 and 0.76 (n = 38; p 68 Ga-DOTA-TOC showed a significantly higher maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max ) regarding the primary tumour in 25 patients (p 68 Ga-DOTA-LAN. Corresponding values of both PET scans for tumour and liver did not show any significant correlation. 68 Ga-DOTA-TOC revealed more tumour sites than 68 Ga-DOTA-LAN (106 vs 53). The tumour to background ratios for tumour and liver calculated from SUV max measurements were significantly higher for 68 Ga-DOTA-TOC than 68 Ga

Study on synthesis of {sup 68}GeO{sub 2} and behavior of {sup 68}Ga{sup 3+} Generator column

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Gun Gyun; Lee, Jun Young; Hur, Min Gu; Yang, Srung Dae; Park, Jeong Hoon [Radiation Instrumentation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon (Korea, Republic of); Kim, Sang Wook [Dept. of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Dongguk University, Gyeongju (Korea, Republic of)

2017-02-15

{sup 68}Ga has emerged as a promising candidate for non-invasive diagnostic imaging within Positron Emission Tomography (PET) because of its advantageous radiochemical characteristics (t{sub 1/2}= 68 min, β{sup +} yield ⁓89%). {sup 68}Ga forms a stable chelation with various ligands and it is possible to be quickly and easily study using a {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generator. Commercial {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generators are chromatographic system using the inorganic materials such as alumina and tin dioxide which are employed as column matrixes for {sup 68}Ge. In this study, we tried out to make {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generator system with the {sup 68}GeO{sub 2} microstructures for column matrix. {sup 68}Ge tends to have stable bond with oxide as {sup 68}GeO{sub 2} microstructures. The {sup 68}GeO{sub 2} has been synthesized by hydrolysis of GeCl{sub 4} (sol-gel method) and characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope for geometrical analysis. The stability of GeO{sub 2} was tested using eluent with diverse solvents (water, ethanol and 0.1 N HCl). The radioactivity of {sup 68}Ga{sup 3+} in eluate through GeO{sub 2} was measured to prove a function as column material for a generation eluate through GeO{sub 2} was measured to prove a function as column material for a generator.

40 CFR 68.120 - Petition process.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

...) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Regulated Substances for Accidental Release Prevention § 68.120 Petition process. (a) Any person may petition the Administrator to modify, by addition or deletion, the... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Petition process. 68.120 Section 68...

41 CFR 105-68.995 - Principal.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Principal. 105-68.995 Section 105-68.995 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management Regulations System...-GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 105-68.995 Principal. Principal means— (a...

Reduction of 68Ge activity containing liquid waste from 68Ga PET chemistry in nuclear medicine and radiopharmacy by solidification.

Science.gov (United States)

de Blois, Erik; Chan, Ho Sze; Roy, Kamalika; Krenning, Eric P; Breeman, Wouter A P

PET with 68 Ga from the TiO 2 - or SnO 2 - based 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generators is of increasing interest for PET imaging in nuclear medicine. In general, radionuclidic purity ( 68 Ge vs. 68 Ga activity) of the eluate of these generators varies between 0.01 and 0.001%. Liquid waste containing low amounts of 68 Ge activity is produced by eluting the 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generators and residues from PET chemistry. Since clearance level of 68 Ge activity in waste may not exceed 10 Bq/g, as stated by European Directive 96/29/EURATOM, our purpose was to reduce 68 Ge activity in solution from >10 kBq/g to <10 Bq/g; which implies the solution can be discarded as regular waste. Most efficient method to reduce the 68 Ge activity is by sorption of TiO 2 or Fe 2 O 3 and subsequent centrifugation. The required 10 Bq per mL level of 68 Ge activity in waste was reached by Fe 2 O 3 logarithmically, whereas with TiO 2 asymptotically. The procedure with Fe 2 O 3 eliminates ≥90% of the 68 Ge activity per treatment. Eventually, to simplify the processing a recirculation system was used to investigate 68 Ge activity sorption on TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 or Zeolite. Zeolite was introduced for its high sorption at low pH, therefore 68 Ge activity containing waste could directly be used without further interventions. 68 Ge activity containing liquid waste at different HCl concentrations (0.05-1.0 M HCl), was recirculated at 1 mL/min. With Zeolite in the recirculation system, 68 Ge activity showed highest sorption.

Somatostatin receptor PET in neuroendocrine tumours: 68Ga-DOTA0,Tyr3-octreotide versus 68Ga-DOTA0-lanreotide.

Science.gov (United States)

Putzer, Daniel; Kroiss, Alexander; Waitz, Dietmar; Gabriel, Michael; Traub-Weidinger, Tatjana; Uprimny, Christian; von Guggenberg, Elisabeth; Decristoforo, Clemens; Warwitz, Boris; Widmann, Gerlig; Virgolini, Irene Johanna

2013-02-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of (68)Ga-labelled DOTA(0)-lanreotide ((68)Ga-DOTA-LAN) on the diagnostic assessment of neuroendocrine tumour (NET) patients with low to moderate uptake on planar somatostatin receptor (SSTR) scintigraphy or (68)Ga-labelled DOTA(0),Tyr(3)-octreotide ((68)Ga-DOTA-TOC) positron emission tomography (PET). Fifty-three patients with histologically confirmed NET and clinical signs of progressive disease, who had not qualified for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) on planar SSTR scintigraphy or (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC PET (n = 38) due to lack of tracer uptake, underwent (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN PET to evaluate a treatment option with (90)Y-labelled lanreotide according to the MAURITIUS trial. The included patients received 150 ± 30 MBq of each radiopharmaceutical intravenously. PET scans were acquired 60-90 min after intravenous bolus injection. Image results from both PET scans were compared head to head, focusing on the intensity of tracer uptake in terms of treatment decision. CT was used for morphologic correlation of tumour lesions. To further evaluate the binding affinities of each tracer, quantitative and qualitative values were calculated for target lesions. (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN and (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC both showed equivalent findings in 24/38 patients when fused PET/CT images were interpreted. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN in comparison to CT were 0.63, 0.5 and 0.62 (n = 53; p < 0.0001) and for (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC in comparison to CT 0.78, 0.5 and 0.76 (n = 38; p < 0.013), respectively. (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC showed a significantly higher maximum standardized uptake value (SUV(max)) regarding the primary tumour in 25 patients (p < 0.003) and regarding the liver in 30 patients (p < 0.009) compared to (68)Ga-DOTA-LAN. Corresponding values of both PET scans for tumour and liver did not show any significant correlation. (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC revealed more tumour sites than (68)Ga

Femmes cinéastes en France : l'après-mai 68

OpenAIRE

ROLLET, Brigitte

2006-01-01

Agnès Varda, Coline Serreau, Nelly Kaplan, trois noms parmi des dizaines qui illustrent chacun à leur manière une nouvelle façon de faire du cinéma : même si la carrière de la première est antérieure à mai 68, son nom comme celui des autres est lié à ce qu’on appellera dans les années 1970 le « cinéma des femmes ». Cet article propose une interrogation sur ce cinéma au féminin, afin d’envisager à la fois le contexte particulier dans lequel il émerge, les problématiques qu’il soulève, et ce en...

40 CFR 68.155 - Executive summary.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Executive summary. 68.155 Section 68...) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Risk Management Plan § 68.155 Executive summary. The owner or operator shall provide in the RMP an executive summary that includes a brief description of the following...

Continuous-flow leaching studies of crushed and cored SYNROC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coles, D.G.; Bazan, F.

1980-01-01

Both crushed (150 to 300 μm) and cored 1.8 mm diameter) samples of SYNROC have been leached with the single-pass continuous-flow leaching equipment. Crushed samples of Cs-hollandite were also leached in a similar experiment. Temperatures used were 25 0 C and 75 0 C and leachates were 0.03 N NaHCO 3 and distilled water. Leaching rates from SYNROC C were ranked Cs > Sr greater than or equal to Ca > Ba > Zr. A comparison of leaching rates is made between crushed SYNROC, cored SYNROC, and PNL 76-68 glass beads. Problems encountered when comparing the leaching rates of different waste forms are discussed

Cuidados invisibles: ¿son suficientemente reconocidos?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosanna de la Rosa Eduardo

Full Text Available Los cuidados invisibles son un elemento central y fundamental de la práctica de la Enfermería y son la base de su identidad profesional. La Enfermería ha sufrido un importante y positivo proceso de profesionalización en los últimos 150 años, sin embargo, los cuidados invisibles siguen siendo poco reconocidos, a pesar de su importancia en la recuperación y en la calidad de vida de los usuarios. En este trabajo se analizan brevemente las grandes transformaciones sociales actuales que obligan a replantearse la necesidad de visibilizar los cuidados invisibles, se plantean interrogantes clave para abordar esta discusión y se proponen una serie de acciones concretas para avanzar en este reconocimiento.

Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and pubertal development among sons

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hounsgaard, M L; Håkonsen, L B; Vested, A

2014-01-01

Maternal overweight and obesity in pregnancy has been associated with earlier age of menarche in daughters as well as reduced semen quality in sons. We aimed at investigating pubertal development in sons born by mothers with a high body mass index (BMI). The study included 2522 sons of mothers...... indicators of pubertal development, results also indicated earlier pubertal development among sons of obese mothers. After excluding sons of underweight mothers in a subanalysis, we observed an inverse trend between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and age at regular shaving, acne and first nocturnal emission....... In conclusion, maternal pre-pregnant obesity may be related to earlier timing of pubertal milestones among sons. More research, preferably based on prospectively collected information about pubertal development, is needed to draw firm conclusions....

The study on Ge-68 production

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang, Seung Dae; Kim, Sang Wook; Hur, Min Goo

2009-06-01

The Ge-68 is a correction source of PET and is used in radiopharmaceuticals synthesis. This project is mainly aimed to produce the Ge-68. Based on this project results, the local Ge-68 production can be possible and the revitalization of the radioisotope utilization research areas can be accomplished. The characteristics of the Ge-68 and Ga-68 are obtained and analyzed. The production conditions are also developed, and the domestic and overseas status of the art are considered. The stacked foil target is designed using Al disc and dried Ga 2 O 3 powder, and the irradiation target is also designed. The cross section of the nat. Ga(p,xn) 68 Ge reaction is obtained using the developed target. The separation experiment of cold Ge/Ga in the H 2 SO 4 -HCl solution are carried out as a simulation experiment of the radioactive Ge/Ga sources. The separation of Ge/Ga by liquid extraction of CCl 4 in 8M HCl is also accomplished. And the synthesis experiment of the Hematophorphyrin-Ga complex is performed

Caractérisation expérimentale et modélisation numérique des propriétés spectroscopiques d'absorbants saturables pour le déclenchement passif de laser verre erbium

Science.gov (United States)

Girard, S.; Shcherbitsky, V.; Fromager, M.; Aït Ameur, K.; Moncorgé, R.; Ferrand, B.; Montagne, J.

2002-06-01

Une comparaison entre différents absorbants saturables (LMA, MALO, ZnS et ZnSe dopés Col^+ et ZnSe dopé Cr^{2+}) utilisables comme interrupteur optique passif pour déclencher les sources lasers verre erbium à 1.53 μm est présentée. Des expériences de saturation en simple passage sont interprétées en tenant compte de la distribution spatiale et temporelle du laser de pompe. Cette technique permet d'obtenir des sections efficaces de saturation effectives fiables et indépendantes des conditions de mesure sans introduire artificiellement d'absorption dans l'état excité qui, en principe, n'existe pas dans ce type de système contrairement aux études effectuées jusqu'ici sur ces matériaux.

Radiation exposure to nuclear medicine personnel handling positron emitters from 68Ge/68Ga generator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dwivedi, Durgesh Kumar; Snehlata; Kumar, Rakesh; Naswa, Niraj; Sharma, Punit; Malhotra, Arun; Bandopadhayaya, Guru Pad; Bal, Chandrashekhar; Dwivedi, Alok Kumar; Lochab, Satya Pal; Pant, Gauri Shankar

2011-01-01

To measure the radiation exposure to nuclear medicine personnel during synthesis and injection to the patients of 68 Ga 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)-1-Nal -octreotide (NOC)- (DOTA-NOC) using ring thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs). Synthesis of 68 Ga DOTA-NOC was done on a semi-automated system. Finger doses were measured during synthesis and injection of 68 Ga DOTA-NOC. The occupational workers wore TLDs at the base of ring finger of both hands. The finger doses of two radio chemists were measured during synthesis of 68 Ga DOTA-NOC while that of a physician during its injection to the patients. Duration of the study was eight months and a total of 20 samples were prepared. During synthesis, the mean dose to base of left ring finger was 3.02 ± 1.01 mSv and to base of right ring finger was 1.96 ±0.86 mSv. Mean dose to base of left ring finger was 1.26 ± 0.35 mSv while that to base of right ring finger was 1.03 ± 0.13 mSv during injection. The mean dose was observed to be higher during synthesis than injection. However, the difference was not significant (P = 0.27 and P = 0.18, respectively). Overall mean finger dose of left hand was 2.43 ±1.21 mSv, whereas for the right hand the same was 1.65±0.82 mSv. Finger doses to radio chemists during semi-automated synthesis of 68 Ga DOTA-NOC and that to the physician involved in injection of 68 Ga DOTA-NOC were found to be within permissible limits. Ring dosimeters must be worn for the safety of the nuclear medicine personnel involved in synthesis and injection of 68 Ga DOTA-NOC. (author)

A Comparative 68Ga-Citrate and 68Ga-Chloride PET/CT Imaging of Staphylococcus aureus Osteomyelitis in the Rat Tibia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Petteri Lankinen

2018-01-01

Full Text Available There may be some differences in the in vivo behavior of 68Ga-chloride and 68Ga-citrate leading to different accumulation profiles. This study compared 68Ga-citrate and 68Ga-chloride PET/CT imaging under standardized experimental models. Methods. Diffuse Staphylococcus aureus tibial osteomyelitis and uncomplicated bone healing rat models were used (n=32. Two weeks after surgery, PET/CT imaging was performed on consecutive days using 68Ga-citrate or 68Ga-chloride, and tissue accumulation was confirmed by ex vivo analysis. In addition, peripheral quantitative computed tomography and conventional radiography were performed. Osteomyelitis was verified by microbiological analysis and specimens were also processed for histomorphometry. Results. In PET/CT imaging, the SUVmax of 68Ga-chloride and 68Ga-citrate in the osteomyelitic tibias (3.6 ± 1.4 and 4.7 ± 1.5, resp. were significantly higher (P=0.0019 and P=0.0020, resp. than in the uncomplicated bone healing (2.7 ± 0.44 and 2.5 ± 0.49, resp.. In osteomyelitic tibias, the SUVmax of 68Ga-citrate was significantly higher than the uptake of 68Ga-chloride (P=0.0017. In animals with uncomplicated bone healing, no difference in the SUVmax of 68Ga-chloride or 68Ga-citrate was seen in the operated tibias. Conclusions. This study further corroborates the use of 68Ga-citrate for PET imaging of osteomyelitis.

40 CFR 68.90 - Applicability.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Emergency Response § 68.90 Applicability. (a) Except as provided in... processes shall comply with the requirements of § 68.95. (b) The owner or operator of stationary source...

The discovery and exploration of Hang Son Doong

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Limbert, H.; Limbert, D.; Hieu, N.; Phai, V. V.; Kinh Bac, D.; Phuong, T. H.; Granger, D.

2016-08-01

Hang Son Doong is located in the Phong Nha Ke Bang Limestone Massif in Quang Binh Province, Central Vietnam. Cave exploration by British cavers has been continuous in this area since 1990. Hang Son Doong is part of the Phong Nha Cave system which runs from the southern end of the National Park near the Lao border to the final resurgence at Phong Nha Cave. (Author)

Reduction of 68Ge activity containing liquid waste from 68Ga PET chemistry in nuclear medicine and radiopharmacy by solidification

NARCIS (Netherlands)

E. de Blois (Erik); H.S. Chan (Ho Sze); K. Roy (Kamalika); E.P. Krenning (Eric); W.A.P. Breeman (Wouter)

2011-01-01

textabstractPET with68Ga from the TiO2- or SnO2- based68Ge/68Ga generators is of increasing interest for PET imaging in nuclear medicine. In general, radionuclidic purity (68Ge vs.68Ga activity) of the eluate of these generators varies between 0.01 and 0.001%. Liquid waste containing low amounts

40 CFR 68.185 - Certification.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Certification. 68.185 Section 68.185 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL... certification that, to the best of the signer's knowledge, information, and belief formed after reasonable...

40 CFR 68.54 - Training.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Training. 68.54 Section 68.54 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL... operator may certify in writing that the employee has the required knowledge, skills, and abilities to...

Determination of 68Ga production parameters by different reactions ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Gallium-68 (1/2 = 68 min, + = 89%) is an important positron-emitting radionuclide for positron emission tomography and used in nuclear medicine for diagnosing tumours. This study gives a suitable reaction to produce 68Ga. Gallium-68 excitation function via 68Zn(, ) 68Ga, 68Zn(, 2) 68Ga, 70Zn(, 3) 68Ga and ...

40 CFR 68.71 - Training.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Training. 68.71 Section 68.71 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL... June 21, 1999 an owner or operator may certify in writing that the employee has the required knowledge...

Characteristics of SnO{sub 2}-based {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generator and aspects of radiolabelling DOTA-peptides

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Blois, Erik de; Chan, Ho Sze [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam (Netherlands); Naidoo, Clive; Prince, Deidre [iThemba Labs, Somerset West, Republic of South Africa (South Africa); Krenning, Eric P. [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam (Netherlands); Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam (Netherlands); Breeman, Wouter A.P., E-mail: w.a.p.breeman@erasmusmc.n [Department of Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam (Netherlands)

2011-02-15

Objectives: PET scintigraphy with {sup 68}Ga-labelled analogs is of increasing interest in Nuclear Medicine and performed all over the world. Here we report the characteristics of the eluate of SnO{sub 2}-based {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generators prepared by iThemba LABS (Somerset West, South Africa). Three purification and concentration techniques of the eluate for labelling DOTA-TATE and concordant SPE purifications were investigated. Methods: Characteristics of 4 SnO{sub 2}-based generators (range 0.4-1 GBq {sup 68}Ga in the eluate) and several concentration techniques of the eluate (HCl) were evaluated. The elution profiles of SnO{sub 2}-based {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generators were monitored, while [HCl] of the eluens was varied from 0.3-1.0 M. Metal ions and sterility of the eluate were determined by ICP. Fractionated elution and concentration of the {sup 68}Ga eluate were performed using anion and cation exchange. Concentrated {sup 68}Ga eluate, using all three concentration techniques, was used for labelling of DOTA-TATE. {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-TATE-containing solution was purified and RNP increased by SPE, therefore also 11 commercially available SPE columns were investigated. Results: The amount of elutable {sup 68}Ga activity varies when the concentration of the eluens, HCl, was varied, while {sup 68}Ge activity remains virtually constant. SnO{sub 2}-based {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generator elutes at 0.6 M HCl >100% of the {sup 68}Ga activity at calibration time and {+-}75% after 300 days. Eluate at discharge was sterile and Endotoxins were <0.5 EU/mL, RNP was always <0.01%. Metal ions in the eluate were <10 ppm (in total). Highest desorption for anion purification was obtained with the 30 mg Oasis WAX column (>80%). Highest desorption for cation purification was obtained using a solution containing 90% acetone at increasing molarity of HCl, resulted in a {sup 68}Ga desorption of 68{+-}8%. With all {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generators and for all 3 purification methods a

Father-Son Inter-Generational Transmission of Authoritarian Paternal Attitudes.

Science.gov (United States)

Peretti, Peter O.; Statum, Jo Ann

1984-01-01

Attempted to determine authoritarian paternal attitude inter-generational transmission in fathers and sons (N=75). Results suggested that authoritarian paternal attitudes could be indicated in terms of five factors: Dominant, Rigidity, Conformity, Intolerant, and Uncreative; and that the sons expressed strongly the authoritarian attitudes of their…

44 CFR 68.11 - Determination.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Determination. 68.11 Section... § 68.11 Determination. The board shall render its written decision within 45 days after the conclusion... Administrator for review and approval. The Administrator shall make the final base flood elevation determination...

The Transmission of Parenting from Fathers to Sons

Science.gov (United States)

Hofferth, Sandra L.; Pleck, Joseph H.; Vesely, Colleen K.

2012-01-01

SYNOPSIS Objective We address the extent to which parenting practices of fathers and mothers are associated with their sons’ parenting behaviors as young adults and whether adolescent behavior explains this association. Design Data come from 409 young men interviewed in the 2006 Young Adult study of the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Results Men whose fathers were positively involved with them when growing up report more positive parenting of their own children, a direct effect. Less harsh mothering and more positive fathering are associated with reduced adolescent behavior problems, and positive mothering is associated with positive adjustment of these young men as adolescents. However, neither adolescent problem behavior nor positive adjustment is associated with young men’s fathering of their own children, and thus does not explain the association between the fathering young men received and their own fathering behavior. Conclusions Men’s parenting of their sons can have a long-term direct effect on how their sons parent their own children. Although parenting is associated with both positive and negative behaviors of sons during adolescence, these adolescent behaviors are not directly linked to later parenting behavior when sons have their own children. More research is needed to examine mediation mechanisms for the intergenerational transmission of parenting. PMID:23284271

Parent-son decision-making about human papillomavirus vaccination: a qualitative analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexander Andreia B

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Licensed for use in males in 2009, Human Papillomavirus (HPV vaccination rates in adolescent males are extremely low. Literature on HPV vaccination focuses on females, adult males, or parents of adolescent males, without including adolescent males or the dynamics of the parent-son interaction that may influence vaccine decision-making. The purpose of this paper is to examine the decision-making process of parent-son dyads when deciding whether or not to get vaccinated against HPV. Methods Twenty-one adolescent males (ages 13–17, with no previous HPV vaccination, and their parents/guardians were recruited from adolescent primary care clinics serving low to middle income families in a large Midwestern city. Dyad members participated in separate semi-structured interviews assessing the relative role of the parent and son in the decision regarding HPV vaccination. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded using inductive content analysis. Results Parents and sons focused on protection as a reason for vaccination; parents felt a need to protect their child, while sons wanted to protect their own health. Parents and sons commonly misinterpreted the information about the vaccine. Sons were concerned about an injection in the penis, while some parents and sons thought the vaccine would protect them against other sexually transmitted infections including Herpes, Gonorrhea, and HIV. Parents and sons recalled that the vaccine prevented genital warts rather than cancer. The vaccine decision-making process was rapid and dynamic, including an initial reaction to the recommendation for HPV vaccine, discussion between parent and son, and the final vaccine decision. Provider input was weighed in instances of initial disagreement. Many boys felt that this was the first health care decision that they had been involved in. Dyads which reported shared decision-making were more likely to openly communicate about sexual issues than those

Feasibility and availability of 68Ga-labelled peptides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Decristoforo, Clemens; Pickett, Roger D.; Verbruggen, Alfons

2012-01-01

68 Ga has attracted tremendous interest as a radionuclide for PET based on its suitable half-life of 68 min, high positron emission yield and ready availability from 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generators, making it independent of cyclotron production. 68 Ga-labelled DOTA-conjugated somatostatin analogues, including DOTA-TOC, DOTA-TATE and DOTA-NOC, have driven the development of technologies to provide such radiopharmaceuticals for clinical applications mainly in the diagnosis of somatostatin receptor-expressing tumours. We summarize the issues determining the feasibility and availability of 68 Ga-labelled peptides, including generator technology, 68 Ga generator eluate postprocessing methods, radiolabelling, automation and peptide developments, and also quality assurance and regulatory aspects. 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generators based on SnO 2 , TiO 2 or organic matrices are today routinely supplied to nuclear medicine departments, and a variety of automated systems for postprocessing and radiolabelling have been developed. New developments include improved chelators for 68 Ga that could open new ways to utilize this technology. Challenges and limitations in the on-site preparation and use of 68 Ga-labelled peptides outside the marketing authorization track are also discussed. (orig.)

21 CFR 640.68 - Processing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 7 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Processing. 640.68 Section 640.68 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) BIOLOGICS ADDITIONAL... deterioration or contamination. Prior to filling, the final container shall be marked or identified by number or...

Enterovirus D68 and other enterovirus serotypes identified in South African patients with severe acute respiratory illness, 2009-2011.

Science.gov (United States)

Hellferscee, Orienka; Treurnicht, Florette K; Tempia, Stefano; Variava, Ebrahim; Dawood, Halima; Kahn, Kathleen; Cohen, Adam L; Pretorius, Marthi; Cohen, Cheryl; Madhi, Shabir A; Venter, Marietjie

2017-05-01

Human enteroviruses (EV) have been associated with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) in South Africa. We aimed to describe the molecular epidemiology of EV serotypes among patients hospitalized with SARI during 2009-2011. Study samples from patients were tested for the presence of enterovirus using a polymerase chain reaction assay. 8.2% (842/10 260) of SARI cases tested positive for enterovirus; 16% (7/45) were species EV-A, 44% (20/45) EV-B, 18% (8/45) EV-C and 22% (10/45) EV-D. Seventeen different EV serotypes were identified within EV-A to EV-D, of which EV-D68 (22%; 10/45) and Echovirus 3 (11%; 5/45) were the most prevalent. EV-D68 should be monitored in South Africa to assess the emergence of highly pathogenic strains. © 2017 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Assessing Glomerular Filtration in Small Animals Using [68Ga]DTPA and [68Ga]EDTA with PET Imaging.

Science.gov (United States)

Gündel, Daniel; Pohle, Ulrike; Prell, Erik; Odparlik, Andreas; Thews, Oliver

2018-06-01

Determining the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is essential for clinical medicine but also for pre-clinical animal studies. Functional imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) allows repetitive almost non-invasive measurements. The aim of the study was the development and evaluation of easily synthesizable PET tracers for GFR measurements in small animals. Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) were labeled with Ga-68. The binding to blood cells and plasma proteins was tested in vitro. The distribution of the tracers in rats was analyzed by PET imaging and ex vivo measurements. From the time-activity-curve of the blood compartment (heart) and the total tracer mass excreted by the kidney, the GFR was calculated. These values were compared directly with the inulin clearance in the same animals. Both tracers did not bind to blood cells. [ 68 Ga]DPTA but not [ 68 Ga]EDTA showed strong binding to plasma proteins. For this reason, [ 68 Ga]DPTA stayed much longer in the blood and only 30 % of the injected dose was eliminated by the kidney within 60 min whereas the excretion of [ 68 Ga]EDTA was 89 ± 1 %. The calculated GFR using [ 68 Ga]EDTA was comparable to the measured inulin clearance in the same animal. Using [ 68 Ga]-DPTA, the measurements led to values which were 80 % below the normal GFR. The results also revealed that definition of the volume of interest for the blood compartment affects the calculation and may lead to a slight overestimation of the GFR. [ 68 Ga]EDTA is a suitable tracer for GFR calculation from PET imaging in small animals. It is easy to be labeled, and the results are in good accordance with the inulin clearance. [ 68 Ga]DTPA led to a marked underestimation of GFR due to its strong binding to plasma proteins and is therefore not an appropriate tracer for GFR measurements.

Nucléation et cristallisation dans un verre de chalcogénure du syste`me As sbnd Ge sbnd Se en présence d'un agent nucléant

Science.gov (United States)

Hemeda, D.; Tilloca, G.

1988-05-01

Le phénome`ne de nucléation initiépar un agent nucléant (HfSe) dans le verre de chalcogénure As 10 Ge 30Se 60 aétéétudiépar microscopieélectronique. La nucléation se caractérise par une période de latence dont la variation suit la solution analytique proposée par Kaschiev. Plusieurs parame`tres ontétéévalués: σ, l'énergie interfaciale; A, le facteur pré-exponentiel de l'équation générale de nucléation; ΔG D, la barrie`re cinétique de nucléation. Les résultats ontétéanalysés par la méthode basée sur les données de la viscositéet l'équation générale de nucléation. Une hypothe`se sur le mécanisme de la nucléation fondée sur l'action de l'agent nucléant aétéenvisagée. Les résultats relatifs au phénome`ne de croissance indiquent que la variation du taux de croissance réduit est analoguea`celle de matériaux ayant une entropie de fusionélevée et pour lesquels le mécanisme de croissance est régi par une nucléation de surface. L'énergie d'activation de croissance calculée est différente de la valeur estimée pour le verre non nucléédans le cas de l'écoulement visqueux. Une hypothe`se aétéenvisagée pour expliquer cetécart. L'évolution avec le temps de traitement thermique de la fraction cristallisée dans les matériaux aétésuivie par la technique de diffraction X quantitative. On observe une variation de type sigmoi¨dale avec une période de latence pour les différentes températuresétudiées. La cinétique de cristallisation suit l'équation de Johnson-Mehl-Avrami. La variation du taux de réaction avec la température est décrite par une expression de type Arrhénius.

40 CFR 68.165 - Offsite consequence analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Offsite consequence analysis. 68.165 Section 68.165 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Risk Management Plan § 68.165 Offsite consequence...

7 CFR 1753.68 - Purchasing special equipment.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 11 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Purchasing special equipment. 1753.68 Section 1753.68... AGRICULTURE TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION POLICIES AND PROCEDURES Purchase and Installation of Special Equipment § 1753.68 Purchasing special equipment. (a) General. (1) Equipment purchases are...

Tick-Borne Transmission of Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Valeria Hajnická

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Herpesviruses are a large group of DNA viruses infecting mainly vertebrates. Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68 is often used as a model in studies of the pathogenesis of clinically important human gammaherpesviruses such as Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. This rodent virus appears to be geographically widespread; however, its natural transmission cycle is unknown. Following detection of MHV68 in field-collected ticks, including isolation of the virus from tick salivary glands and ovaries, we investigated whether MHV68 is a tick-borne virus. Uninfected Ixodes ricinus ticks were shown to acquire the virus by feeding on experimentally infected laboratory mice. The virus survived tick molting, and the molted ticks transmitted the virus to uninfected laboratory mice on which they subsequently fed. MHV68 was isolated from the tick salivary glands, consistent with transmission via tick saliva. The virus survived in ticks without loss of infectivity for at least 120 days, and subsequently was transmitted vertically from one tick generation to the next, surviving more than 500 days. Furthermore, the F1 generation (derived from F0 infected females transmitted MHV68 to uninfected mice on which they fed, with MHV68 M3 gene transcripts detected in blood, lung, and spleen tissue of mice on which F1 nymphs and F1 adults engorged. These experimental data fulfill the transmission criteria that define an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus, the largest biological group of viruses. Currently, African swine fever virus (ASFV is the only DNA virus recognized as an arbovirus. Like ASFV, MHV68 showed evidence of pathogenesis in ticks. Previous studies have reported MHV68 in free-living ticks and in mammals commonly infested with I. ricinus, and neutralizing antibodies to MHV68 have been detected in large mammals (e.g., deer including humans. Further studies are needed to determine if these reports are the result of tick-borne transmission

41 CFR 105-68.920 - Civil judgment.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Civil judgment. 105-68... Administration 68-GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 105-68.920 Civil judgment. Civil judgment means the disposition of a civil action by any court of competent jurisdiction...

47 CFR 68.108 - Incidence of harm.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Incidence of harm. 68.108 Section 68.108 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES (CONTINUED) CONNECTION OF TERMINAL EQUIPMENT TO THE TELEPHONE NETWORK Conditions on Use of Terminal Equipment § 68.108 Incidence of...

CD68/macrosialin: not just a histochemical marker.

Science.gov (United States)

Chistiakov, Dimitry A; Killingsworth, Murry C; Myasoedova, Veronika A; Orekhov, Alexander N; Bobryshev, Yuri V

2017-01-01

CD68 is a heavily glycosylated glycoprotein that is highly expressed in macrophages and other mononuclear phagocytes. Traditionally, CD68 is exploited as a valuable cytochemical marker to immunostain monocyte/macrophages in the histochemical analysis of inflamed tissues, tumor tissues, and other immunohistopathological applications. CD68 alone or in combination with other cell markers of tumor-associated macrophages showed a good predictive value as a prognostic marker of survival in cancer patients. Lowression of CD68 was found in the lymphoid cells, non-hematopoietic cells (fibroblasts, endothelial cells, etc), and tumor cells. Cell-specific CD68 expression and differentiated expression levels are determined by the complex interplay between transcription factors, regulatory transcriptional elements, and epigenetic factors. Human CD68 and its mouse ortholog macrosialin belong to the family of LAMP proteins located in the lysosomal membrane and share many structural similarities such as the presence of the LAMP-like domain. Except for a second LAMP-like domain present in LAMPs, CD68/microsialin has a highly glycosylated mucin-like domain involved in ligand binding. CD68 has been shown to bind oxLDL, phosphatidylserine, apoptotic cells and serve as a receptor for malaria sporozoite in liver infection. CD68 is mainly located in the endosomal/lysosomal compartment but can rapidly shuttle to the cell surface. However, the role of CD68 as a scavenger receptor remains to be confirmed. It seems that CD68 is not involved in binding bacterial/viral pathogens, innate, inflammatory or humoral immune responses, although it may potentially be involved in antigen processing/presentation. CD68 could be functionally important in osteoclasts since its deletion leads to reduced bone resorption capacity. The role of CD68 in atherosclerosis is contradictory.

Study of high spin states in 68Zn and 68Ga using (α,pγ) and (α,nγ) reactions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Berthet, Bernard.

1976-01-01

Yrast levels of 68 Zn and 6 Ga have been studied via the reactions 65 Cu(α,pγ) 68 Zn, 65 Cu(α,nγ) 68 Ga at Esub(α)=12-21MeV and 66 Zn(α,pnγ) 68 Ga at Esub(α)=25-40MeV. The level schemes have been established by means of relative yield functions, electronic timing measurements, prompt and delayed γ-γ coincidences, angular distributions and directional orientation coincidences. Spin up to 8 were assigned to observed states, for 68 Zn. For 68 Ga, spins up to 11 + were assigned to level up to 4MeV excitation and the higher ones were interpreted by coupling a 67 Ga core with a 1gsub(9/2) neutron [fr

Coupling coefficients of SO(n) and integrals involving Jacobi and Gegenbauer polynomials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alisauskas, Sigitas

2002-01-01

The expressions for the coupling coefficients (3j-symbols) for most degenerate (symmetric) representations of orthogonal groups SO(n) in a canonical basis (with SO(n) restricted to SO(n-1) and different semicanonical or tree bases (with SO(n) restricted to SO(n')xSO(n''), n'+n''=n) are considered, respectively, in context of integrals involving triplets of the Gegenbauer and the Jacobi polynomials. Since the directly derived triple-hypergeometric series do not reveal the apparent triangle conditions of the 3j-symbols, they are rearranged, using their relation with semistretched isofactors of the second kind for the complementary chain Sp(4) contains SU(2)xSU(2) and analogy with the stretched 9j coefficients of SU(2), into formulae with more rich limits for summation intervals and obvious triangle conditions. The isofactors of class-one representations of orthogonal groups or class-two representations of unitary groups (and, of course, the related integrals involving triplets of the Gegenbauer and the Jacobi polynomials) turn into double sums in the cases of canonical SO(n) contains SO(n-1) or U(n) contains U(n-1) and semicanonical SO(n) contains SO(n-2)xSO(2) chains, as well as into the 4 F 3 (1) series under more specific conditions. Some ambiguities of the phase choice of the complementary group approach are adjusted, as well as problems with an alternating sign parameter of SO(2) representations in the SO(3) contains SO(2) and SO(n) contains SO(n-2)xSO(2) chains. (author)

A Letter from a Black Mom to Her Son

Science.gov (United States)

Watson, Dyan

2012-01-01

An African American mother and teacher educator uses examples from her own childhood to describe how she hopes her child will be treated by teachers, and what she fears. In her letter to her son, the African American mom expresses how she want teachers to know her son's journey to school--metaphorically and physically. She wants them to know that…

Crustal thickness mapping in Raipur–Katni area of Narmada–Son ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

The Narmada–Son lineament (NSL) is one of the most prominent tectonic features which divides the .... fault at Red Sea area (Bhattacharjee and Koide. 1978). The Son and .... relationship between SI and number of infinite dimension of the ...

Evaluation and comparison of Ga-68 DOTA-TATE and Ga-68 DOTA-NOC PET/CT imaging in well-differentiated thyroid cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Ocak, Meltem; Demirci, Emre; Kabasakal, Levent; Aygun, Aslan; Tutar, Rumeysa O; Araman, Ahmet; Kanmaz, Bedii

2013-11-01

Somatostatin receptor (Sstr) scintigraphy with radiolabelled somatostatin analogues has been used extensively for the diagnosis and therapy of Sstr-expressing tumours. It has been shown that well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC) cells have a high expression of Sstr2, Sstr3 and Sstr5. Hence, WDTC cells could be an ideal target for the evaluation of lesion uptake of Ga-68 DOTA-1-NaI3-octreotide (DOTA-NOC), which has a high affinity not only to Sstr2 but also to Sstr3 and Sstr5. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the value of Ga-68 DOTA-NOC as a target for Sstr2-expressing, Sstr3-expressing and Sstr5-expressing tumours in WDTC patients and to compare the results with those of Ga-68 DOTA-TATE in the same patient population. Thirteen patients with WDTC were included in our study: nine with papillary thyroid cancer, three with Hurthle cell carcinoma and one with follicular thyroid carcinoma. All patients had elevated serum thyroglobulin levels and negative post-therapeutic I-131 whole-body scans, which were obtained after the last radioiodine treatment. All patients had undergone two consecutive PET imaging studies with Ga-68 DOTA-D-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotate (DOTA-TATE) and Ga-68 DOTA-NOC, respectively. All images were evaluated visually, and maximum standardized uptake values were calculated. Both Ga-68 DOTA-TATE and Ga-68 DOTA-NOC PET images gave comparable results. Among the 13 patients, imaging with both Ga-68 DOTA-TATE and Ga-68 DOTA-NOC gave negative results in five (38%) patients and positive results in eight (62%) patients. A total of 45 lesions were identified on Ga-68 DOTA-TATE images and 42 on Ga-68 DOTA-NOC images; three lesions were missed. Lesion uptake was significantly higher on Ga-68 DOTA-TATE images. Maximum standardized uptake values of Ga-68 DOTA-TATE and Ga-68 DOTA-NOC were 12.9±9.1 and 6.3±4.1 (n=54, PDOTA-TATE has a higher lesion uptake even in WDTC patients and may have potential advantage over Ga-68 DOTA-NOC.

Benefits of Self-Organizing Networks (SON for Mobile Operators

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Olav Østerbø

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Self-Organizing Networks (SON is a collection of functions for automatic configuration, optimization, diagnostisation and healing of cellular networks. It is considered to be a necessity in future mobile networks and operations due to the increased cost pressure. The main drivers are essentially to reduce CAPEX and OPEX, which would otherwise increase dramatically due to increased number of network parameters that has to be monitored and set, the rapidly increasing numbers of base stations in the network and parallel operation of 2G, 3G and Evolved Packet Core (EPC infrastructures. This paper presents evaluations on the use of some of the most important SON components. Mobile networks are getting more complex to configure, optimize and maintain. Many SON functions will give cost savings and performance benefits from the very beginning of a network deployment and these should be prioritized now. But even if many functions are already available and can give large benefits, the field is still in its infancy and more advanced functions are either not yet implemented or have immature implementations. It is therefore necessary to have a strategy for how and when different SON functions should be introduced in mobile networks.

Phase equilibria, leaching characteristics and ceramic processing of SYNROC D formulations for US defense wastes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Newkirk, H.; Ryerson, F.; Coles, D.; Hoenig, C.; Rozsa, R.; Rossington, C.; Bazan, F.; Tewhey, J.

1980-01-01

The assemblage of coexisting phases in SYNROC D is perovskite, zirconolite, nepheline and spinel. Cesium from the supernate is to be immobilized in hollandite. In the current processing scheme, presynthesized granules of hollandite are added to calcined SYNROC D powders prior to hot procesing or sintering. The disposition of inert and radwaste components of Savannah River Plant (SRP) wastes in SYNROC D formulations has been determined by means of optical microscopy, XRD, XRF, SEM, STEM, electron microprobe analysis and autoradiography. A summary of results is presented. Leaching studies of SYNROC D have been done by means of static, high temperature experiments and continuous-flow experiments. The data reported are from high-temperature experiments (distilled water, powdered sample, 150 0 C, one day). The elements reported are the only ones observed in the leachate. Analysis was done by means of XRF. The flowsheet which depicts the current experimental methods that are being employed at LLNL to produce SYNROC D samples containing presynthesized Cs-bearing hollandite is presented. The starting material for SYNROC D (high Fe, high Al and composite compositions) is simulated sludge obtained in 55 gallon quantities from Southwestern Chemical Corporation. Hot pressing temperatures for SYNROC D are 1000 to 1150 0 C. Hot pressing temperatures for hollandite are 1200 to 1400 0 C

41 CFR 105-68.905 - Affiliate.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... management, ownership, or principal employees as the excluded person. ... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Affiliate. 105-68.905 Section 105-68.905 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management Regulations System...

SON is a spliceosome-associated factor required for mitotic progression.

Science.gov (United States)

Huen, Michael S Y; Sy, Shirley M H; Leung, Ka Man; Ching, Yick-Pang; Tipoe, George L; Man, Cornelia; Dong, Shuo; Chen, Junjie

2010-07-01

The eukaryotic RNA splicing machinery is dedicated to the daunting task of excising intronic sequences on the many nascent RNA transcripts in a cell, and in doing so facilitates proper translation of its transcriptome. Notably, emerging evidence suggests that RNA splicing may also play direct roles in maintaining genome stability. Here we report the identification of the RNA/DNA-binding protein SON as a component of spliceosome that plays pleiotropic roles during mitotic progression. We found that SON is essential for cell proliferation, and that its inactivation triggers a MAD2-dependent mitotic delay. Moreover, SON deficiency is accompanied by defective chromosome congression, compromised chromosome segregation and cytokinesis, which in turn contributes to cellular aneuploidy and cell death. In summary, our study uncovers a specific link between SON and mitosis, and highlights the potential of RNA processing as additional regulatory mechanisms that govern cell proliferation and division. © 2010 Landes Bioscience

High spin states in 66,68Ge

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hermkens, U.; Becker, F.; Eberth, J.; Freund, S.; Mylaeus, T.; Skoda, S.; Teichert, W.; Werth, A. v.d.

1992-01-01

High spin states of 66,68 Ge have been investigated at the FN Tandem accelerator of the University of Koeln via the reactions 40 Ca( 32 S,α2p,4p) 66,68 Ge at a beam energy of 100 MeV and 58 Ni( 16 O,α2p) 68 Ge at 65 MeV. The OSIRIS spectrometer with 12 escape suppressed Ge detectors was used to measure γγ coincidences and γ-ray angular distributions. In 66 Ge ( 68 Ge) 33 (22) new levels were found and 63 (62) new γ-transitions were placed in the level scheme. Both nuclei show a rather complicated but similar excitation pattern, ruled by the interplay of quasiparticle and collective degrees of freedom. The results are compared to the recently published EXVAM calculations for 68 Ge. (orig.)

40 CFR 68.81 - Incident investigation.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Incident investigation. 68.81 Section 68.81 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED... appropriate knowledge and experience to thoroughly investigate and analyze the incident. (d) A report shall be...

44 CFR 68.9 - Admissible evidence.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 44 Emergency Management and Assistance 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Admissible evidence. 68.9 Section 68.9 Emergency Management and Assistance FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF... admissible. (b) Documentary and oral evidence shall be admissible. (c) Admissibility of non-expert testimony...

Impact of ICRP publication 68

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carter, M.W.; Woods, D.A.

1996-01-01

ICRP Publication 61 was a temporary replacement for ICRP Publication 30. It gave ALIs but not the underlying dose conversion factors. ICRP Publication 68 has now been issued to replace Publication 61; it contains the dose conversion factors but not the ALIs, so comparison is impossible without carrying out calculations. This paper presents comparisons between the two publications and calculates the ICRP Publication 68 ALIs for some of the more common radionuclides. (author)

Enterovirus D68 disease and molecular epidemiology in Australia.

Science.gov (United States)

Levy, Avram; Roberts, Jason; Lang, Jurissa; Tempone, Simone; Kesson, Alison; Dofai, Alfred; Daley, Andrew J; Thorley, Bruce; Speers, David J

2015-08-01

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) has received considerable recent attention as a cause of widespread respiratory illness. Neurological syndromes such as acute flaccid paralysis following EV-D68 infection have also been reported in a small number of cases. To summarize the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of laboratory confirmed EV-D68 cases in Australia. We combined EV-D68 data acquired through laboratory surveillance in Western Australia with cases from national enterovirus surveillance and regional acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance. Clinical data was obtained for EV-D68 cases and capsid protein sequences were used for phylogenetic analysis. Sporadic cases of EV-D68 were recorded in Australia since 2008, with peaks in activity during 2011 and 2013. EV-D68 was primarily associated with respiratory disease, but was also detected in cerebrospinal fluid of one patient and faeces of two patients presenting with AFP. EV-D68 has been circulating in Western Australia and is likely to have also been present in the wider region for a number of years, causing primarily respiratory disease. Detection of EV-D68 in cerebrospinal fluid of one patient and in faeces of two AFP cases reinforces the association between EV-D68 and neurological disease. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Feasibility and availability of {sup 68}Ga-labelled peptides

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Decristoforo, Clemens [Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Innsbruck (Austria); European Directorate of Quality of Medicines, Group 14, Radioactive Compounds, The European Pharmacopeia, Strasbourg (France); Pickett, Roger D. [GE Healthcare, Little Chalfont (United Kingdom); European Directorate of Quality of Medicines, Group 14, Radioactive Compounds, The European Pharmacopeia, Strasbourg (France); Verbruggen, Alfons [University of Leuven, Laboratory of Radiopharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leuven (Belgium); European Directorate of Quality of Medicines, Group 14, Radioactive Compounds, The European Pharmacopeia, Strasbourg (France)

2012-02-15

{sup 68}Ga has attracted tremendous interest as a radionuclide for PET based on its suitable half-life of 68 min, high positron emission yield and ready availability from {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generators, making it independent of cyclotron production. {sup 68}Ga-labelled DOTA-conjugated somatostatin analogues, including DOTA-TOC, DOTA-TATE and DOTA-NOC, have driven the development of technologies to provide such radiopharmaceuticals for clinical applications mainly in the diagnosis of somatostatin receptor-expressing tumours. We summarize the issues determining the feasibility and availability of {sup 68}Ga-labelled peptides, including generator technology, {sup 68}Ga generator eluate postprocessing methods, radiolabelling, automation and peptide developments, and also quality assurance and regulatory aspects. {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generators based on SnO{sub 2}, TiO{sub 2} or organic matrices are today routinely supplied to nuclear medicine departments, and a variety of automated systems for postprocessing and radiolabelling have been developed. New developments include improved chelators for {sup 68}Ga that could open new ways to utilize this technology. Challenges and limitations in the on-site preparation and use of {sup 68}Ga-labelled peptides outside the marketing authorization track are also discussed. (orig.)

Applications of a Ga-68/Ge-68 generator system to brain imaging using a multiwire proportional chamber positron camera

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hattner, R.S.; Lim, C.B.; Swann, S.J.; Kaufman, L.; Chu, D.; Perez-Mendez, V.

1976-01-01

A Ge-68/Ga-68 generator system has been applied to brain imaging in conjunction with a novel coincidence detection based positron camera. The camera consists of two opposed large area multiwire proportional chamber (MWPC) detectors interfaced to multichannel lead converter plates. Event localization is effected of delay lines. Ten patients with brain lesions have been studied 1-2 hours after the administration of Ga-68 formulated as DTPA. The images were compared to conventional brain scans, and to x-ray section scans (CAT). The positron studies have shown significant mitigation of confusing superficial activity resulting from craniotomy compared to conventional brain scans. Central necrosis of lesions observed in positron images, but not in the conventional scans has been confirmed in CAT. The economy of MWPC positron cameras combined with the ideal characteristics of the Ge-68/Ga-68 generator promise a cost efficient imaging system for the future

7 CFR 29.68 - Advance information.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Advance information. 29.68 Section 29.68 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Standards, Inspections, Marketing... part of the contents of such certificate may be tel- egraphed or telephoned to him as his expense...

Chapitre IV. Aspects neuro-fonctionnels des systèmes mis en jeu dans les habiletés manuelles chez l’adulte

OpenAIRE

Fagard, Jacqueline

2016-01-01

À la base des habiletés les plus complexes se trouvent des mouvements simples, coordonnés entre eux. Tous les mouvements, même les plus simples comme le geste de tendre le bras pour prendre un verre, demandent la contraction simultanée de nombreux muscles. Certains muscles font partie de la motricité proximale - ceux qui sont responsables du geste d’avancer le bras vers le verre -, d’autres de la motricité distale - lors de la prise du verre avec les doigts -, d’autres encore font partie de l...

Comparison of {sup 68}Ga-DOTATATE and {sup 68}Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT imaging in the same patient group with neuroendocrine tumours

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kabasakal, Levent [Istanbul University, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul (Turkey); Cerrahpasa Tip Fakultesi, Nukleer Tip Anabilim Dali, Aksaray, Istanbul (Turkey); Demirci, Emre; Uslu, Ilhami; Kanmaz, Bedii [Istanbul University, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul (Turkey); Ocak, Meltem; Araman, Ahmet; Ozsoy, Yildiz [Istanbul University, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacy Faculty, Istanbul (Turkey); Decristoforo, Clemens [Medical University of Innsbruck, Clinical Department of Nuclear Medicine, Innsbruck (Austria)

2012-08-15

Recent studies have suggested that positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with {sup 68}Ga-labelled DOTA-somatostatin analogues (SST) like octreotide and octreotate is useful in diagnosing neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) and has superior value over both CT and planar and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-1-NaI{sup 3}-octreotide ({sup 68}Ga-DOTANOC) in patients with SST receptor-expressing tumours and to compare the results of {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-D-Phe{sup 1}-Tyr{sup 3}-octreotate ({sup 68}Ga-DOTATATE) in the same patient population. Twenty SRS were included in the study. Patients' age (n = 20) ranged from 25 to 75 years (mean 55.4 {+-} 12.7 years). There were eight patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumour (WDNET) grade1, eight patients with WDNET grade 2, one patient with poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (PDNEC) grade 3 and one patient with mixed adenoneuroendocrine tumour (MANEC). All patients had two consecutive PET studies with {sup 68}Ga-DOTATATE and {sup 68}Ga-DOTANOC. All images were evaluated visually and maximum standardized uptake values (SUV{sub max}) were also calculated for quantitative evaluation. On visual evaluation both tracers produced equally excellent image quality and similar body distribution. The physiological uptake sites of pituitary and salivary glands showed higher uptake in {sup 68}Ga-DOTATATE images. Liver and spleen uptake values were evaluated as equal. Both {sup 68}Ga-DOTATATE and {sup 68}Ga-DOTANOC were negative in 6 (30 %) patients and positive in 14 (70 %) patients. In {sup 68}Ga-DOTANOC images only 116 of 130 (89 %) lesions could be defined and 14 lesions were missed because of lack of any uptake. SUV{sub max} values of lesions were significantly higher on {sup 68}Ga-DOTATATE images. Our study demonstrated that the images obtained by {sup 68}Ga-DOTATATE and {sup 68}Ga

Selected Ga-68-siderophores versus Ga-68-colloid and Ga-68-citrate: biodistribution and small animal imaging in mice

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Petřík, M.; Vlčková, A.; Nový, Z.; Urbánek, Lubor; Haas, H.; Decristoforo, C.

2015-01-01

Roč. 159, č. 1 (2015), s. 60-66 ISSN 1213-8118 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) LO1304 Institutional support: RVO:61389030 Keywords : gallium-68 * siderophores * colloid Subject RIV: EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology Impact factor: 0.924, year: 2015

THE MOTIF OF THE PRODIGAL SON IN IVAN TURGENEV'S NOVELS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Valentina Ivanovna Gabdullina

2013-11-01

Full Text Available The author questions the perception of Ivan Turgenev as a “non- Christian writer” and studies the problem of the prodigal son motif functioning in a series of his novels. In his novels, Turgenev pictured different phases of the archetypal story, originating from the Gospel parable of the prodigal son. In the novel Rudin he depicted the phase of spiritual wanderings of the hero who had lost touch with his native land — Russia. In his next novels (Home of the Gentry, Fathers and Sons and Smoke, after leading his hero in circles and sending him back to his paternal home, Turgenev reconstructs the model of human behavior, represented in the parable, thereby recognizing the immutability of the idea formalized in the Gospel. The motif of the return to Russian land gets its completion in Turgenev's last novel Virgin Soil, in which the author paradoxically connects the Westernist idea with the Gospel imperative. Solomin, the son of a deacon, sent by his wise father out to Europe “to get education”, studies in England, masters the European knowledge and returns back “to his native land” to establish his own business in inland Russia. Thus, a series of Turgenev's novels, in which he portrayed different phases of social life, are interlinked with the motif of the prodigal son, who is represented by novels' main characters.

HPV vaccine for teen boys: Dyadic analysis of parents' and sons' beliefs and willingness.

Science.gov (United States)

Moss, Jennifer L; Reiter, Paul L; Brewer, Noel T

2015-09-01

Parents and adolescents often decide together whether the child should receive human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. However, few studies have investigated the dyadic nature of beliefs that affect this process. Data came from the 2010 HPV Immunization in Sons (HIS) Study, a national sample of 412 parents and their adolescent sons. We conducted dyadic multivariate logistic regression to examine the relationships between parents' and sons' HPV vaccine beliefs and their willingness to have the son receive the vaccine. Less than half of parents and sons were willing to have the sons receive HPV vaccine (43% and 29%, respectively). Willing parents and sons anticipated greater regret if the son did not receive HPV vaccine but later contracted an HPV infection (parent odds ratio [OR]=1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.24-2.40; son OR=1.51, 95% CI=1.04-2.19) (both pCommunication campaigns may be able to target these beliefs to increase parents' and sons' willingness to seek HPV vaccination. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

41 CFR 105-68.1005 - State.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false State. 105-68.1005...-GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 105-68.1005 State. (a) State means— (1) Any of the states of the United States; (2) The District of Columbia; (3) The Commonwealth of Puerto...

Parametric Net Influx Rate Images of 68Ga-DOTATOC and 68Ga-DOTATATE: Quantitative Accuracy and Improved Image Contrast.

Science.gov (United States)

Ilan, Ezgi; Sandström, Mattias; Velikyan, Irina; Sundin, Anders; Eriksson, Barbro; Lubberink, Mark

2017-05-01

68 Ga-DOTATOC and 68 Ga-DOTATATE are radiolabeled somatostatin analogs used for the diagnosis of somatostatin receptor-expressing neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), and SUV measurements are suggested for treatment monitoring. However, changes in net influx rate ( K i ) may better reflect treatment effects than those of the SUV, and accordingly there is a need to compute parametric images showing K i at the voxel level. The aim of this study was to evaluate parametric methods for computation of parametric K i images by comparison to volume of interest (VOI)-based methods and to assess image contrast in terms of tumor-to-liver ratio. Methods: Ten patients with metastatic NETs underwent a 45-min dynamic PET examination followed by whole-body PET/CT at 1 h after injection of 68 Ga-DOTATOC and 68 Ga-DOTATATE on consecutive days. Parametric K i images were computed using a basis function method (BFM) implementation of the 2-tissue-irreversible-compartment model and the Patlak method using a descending aorta image-derived input function, and mean tumor K i values were determined for 50% isocontour VOIs and compared with K i values based on nonlinear regression (NLR) of the whole-VOI time-activity curve. A subsample of healthy liver was delineated in the whole-body and K i images, and tumor-to-liver ratios were calculated to evaluate image contrast. Correlation ( R 2 ) and agreement between VOI-based and parametric K i values were assessed using regression and Bland-Altman analysis. Results: The R 2 between NLR-based and parametric image-based (BFM) tumor K i values was 0.98 (slope, 0.81) and 0.97 (slope, 0.88) for 68 Ga-DOTATOC and 68 Ga-DOTATATE, respectively. For Patlak analysis, the R 2 between NLR-based and parametric-based (Patlak) tumor K i was 0.95 (slope, 0.71) and 0.92 (slope, 0.74) for 68 Ga-DOTATOC and 68 Ga-DOTATATE, respectively. There was no bias between NLR and parametric-based K i values. Tumor-to-liver contrast was 1.6 and 2.0 times higher in the parametric

7 CFR 929.68 - Effective time.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Effective time. 929.68 Section 929.68 Agriculture... Effective time. The provisions of this part, and of any amendment thereto, shall become effective at such time as the Secretary may declare above his signature and shall continue in force until terminated in...

CD68+ cell count, early evaluation with PET and plasma TARC levels predict response in Hodgkin lymphoma.

Science.gov (United States)

Cuccaro, Annarosa; Annunziata, Salvatore; Cupelli, Elisa; Martini, Maurizio; Calcagni, Maria L; Rufini, Vittoria; Giachelia, Manuela; Bartolomei, Francesca; Galli, Eugenio; D'Alò, Francesco; Voso, Maria T; Leone, Giuseppe; Giordano, Alessandro; Larocca, Luigi M; Hohaus, Stefan

2016-03-01

Early response evaluation with [(18) F]fluordeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography after 2 cycles of chemotherapy (interim PET) has been indicated as the strongest predictor for outcome in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). We studied the prognostic role of the number of tumor-infiltrating CD68+ cells and of the plasma levels of TARC (thymus and activation-regulated chemokine) in the context of interim PET in 102 patients with classical HL treated with Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine, Dacarbazine (ABVD). After 2 ABVD cycles, interim PET according to Deauville criteria was negative (score 0-3) in 85 patients and positive (score 4-5) in 15 patients (2 patients technically not evaluable). TARC levels were elevated in 89% of patients at diagnosis, and decreased after 2 cycles in 82% of patients. Persistently elevated TARC levels in 18% of patients were significantly associated with a positive PET result (P = 0.007). Strong predictors for progression-free survival (PFS) were a negative interim PET (85% vs. 28%, P evaluation had no prognostic role. In multivariate analysis, interim PET, CD68+ cell counts and presence of B-symptoms were independently associated with PFS. We conclude that although TARC levels are a biomarker for early response evaluation, they cannot substitute for interim PET as outcome predictor in HL. The evaluation of CD68 counts and B-symptoms at diagnosis may help to identify low-risk patients regardless positive interim PET. © 2016 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Supersymmetric vector multiplets in nonadjoint representations of SO(N)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nishino, Hitoshi; Rajpoot, Subhash

2007-01-01

In the conventional formulation of N=1 supersymmetry, a vector multiplet is supposed to be in the adjoint representation of a given gauge group. We present a new formulation with a vector multiplet in the nonadjoint representation of SO(N) gauge group. Our basic algebra is [T I ,T J ]=f IJK T K , [T I ,U i ]=-(T I ) ij U j , [U i ,U j ]=-(T I ) ij T I , where T I are the generators of SO(N), while U i are the new ''generators'' in certain nonadjoint real representation R of SO(N). We use here the word generator in the broader sense of the word. Such a representation can be any real representation of SO(N) with the positive definite metric, satisfying (T I ) ij =-(T I ) ji and (T I ) [ij| (T I ) |k]l ≡0. The first nontrivial examples are the spinorial 8 S and conjugate spinorial 8 C representations of SO(8) consistent with supersymmetry. We further couple the system to chiral multiplets and show that a Higgs mechanism can give positive definite (mass) 2 to the new gauge fields for U i . We show an analogous system working with N=1 supersymmetry in 10D, and thereby N=4 system in 4D interacting with extra multiplets in the representation R. We also perform superspace reformulation as an independent confirmation

40 CFR 68.168 - Five-year accident history.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Five-year accident history. 68.168 Section 68.168 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Risk Management Plan § 68.168 Five-year accident history...

40 CFR 61.68 - Emission monitoring.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 8 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Emission monitoring. 61.68 Section 61....68 Emission monitoring. (a) A vinyl chloride monitoring system is to be used to monitor on a... monitoring system(s) used to meet the requirement in paragraph (a) of this section is to be a device which...

41 CFR 50-204.68 - Hydrogen.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 true Hydrogen. 50-204.68..., Vapors, Fumes, Dusts, and Mists § 50-204.68 Hydrogen. The in-plant transfer, handling, storage, and utilization of hydrogen shall be in accordance with Compressed Gas Association Pamphlets G-5.1-1961 and G-5.2...

High spin states in 68Zn

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bruandet, J.-F.; Berthet, B.; Morand, C.; Gironi, A.; Longequeue, J.-P.; Tsan Ung Chan.

1976-01-01

Yrast levels of 68 Zn have been investigated via measurements of excitation functions and angular distributions of single γ-rays and of γ-γ coincidences. Following the 65 Cu(α,pγ) 68 Zn reaction with α particle energies between 12-21MeV. Spin up to J=8 were assigned to observed states [fr

68Ga-Based Radiopharmaceuticals: Production and Application Relationship

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Irina Velikyan

2015-07-01

Full Text Available The contribution of 68Ga to the promotion and expansion of clinical research and routine positron emission tomography (PET for earlier better diagnostics and individualized medicine is considerable. The potential applications of 68Ga-comprising imaging agents include targeted, pre-targeted and non-targeted imaging. This review discusses the key aspects of the production of 68Ga and 68Ga-based radiopharmaceuticals in the light of the impact of regulatory requirements and endpoint pre-clinical and clinical applications.

Some relevant properties of SO(n) representations for Grand unified theories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Girardi, G.; Sorba, P.; Sciarrino, A.

1980-05-01

General properties of the SO(n) groups are examined, with emphasis on the usefulness of the Gel'fand-Zetlin basis for explicit calculations. The SO(n) representations containing a vector stabilized by subgroups of the type S[O(n-p) x O(p)], SU(k) x U(1) or SU(k) if n=2k, are characterized in view of selecting Higgs representations in SO(n) gauge models. Some useful properties of the SU(n) Gel'fand-Zetlin basis are given in the appendices

27 CFR 19.68 - Other businesses.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Other businesses. 19.68... Activities Not Subject to This Part § 19.68 Other businesses. The appropriate TTB officer may authorize the carrying on of other businesses (not specifically prohibited by 26 U.S.C. 5601(a)(6)) on premises of plants...

Når vi taler om 68

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Henrik; Metz, Georg

Når vi taler om 68 er en intellektuel samtale mellem to ligeværdige gentlemen og skallesmækkere. En essayistisk dyst om porno, RAF, Pittelkow og livsfilosofi......Når vi taler om 68 er en intellektuel samtale mellem to ligeværdige gentlemen og skallesmækkere. En essayistisk dyst om porno, RAF, Pittelkow og livsfilosofi...

Your World in Pictures

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Frédéric Perrier

2009-06-01

Full Text Available En association avec le groupe Time Inc., propriétaire de Life Magazine, dont la version papier a disparu des kiosques en 2007 du fait de son coût d’impression devenu trop lourd, le géant américain Google a mis en ligne une partie de la collection du magazine. Photographies, gravures, plaques de verre et diapositives (dont la grande majorité n’a jamais été publiée sont archivées sur un site qui leur sont dédiées: Google Images. Elles sont disponibles gratuitement pour un usage personnel ou po...

29 CFR 801.68 - Authority of the Secretary.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Authority of the Secretary. 801.68 Section 801.68 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) WAGE AND HOUR DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OTHER LAWS APPLICATION... of Decision and Order of Administrative Law Judge § 801.68 Authority of the Secretary. (a) The...

Enterovirus D68 in Viet Nam (2009-2015).

Science.gov (United States)

Ny, Nguyen Thi Han; Anh, Nguyen To; Hang, Vu Thi Ty; Nguyet, Lam Anh; Thanh, Tran Tan; Ha, Do Quang; Minh, Ngo Ngoc Quang; Ha, Do Lien Anh; McBride, Angela; Tuan, Ha Manh; Baker, Stephen; Tam, Pham Thi Thanh; Phuc, Tran My; Huong, Dang Thao; Loi, Tran Quoc; Vu, Nguyen Tran Anh; Hung, Nguyen Van; Minh, Tran Thi Thuy; Xang, Nguyen Van; Dong, Nguyen; Nghia, Ho Dang Trung; Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh; Thwaites, Guy; van Doorn, H Rogier; Anscombe, Catherine; Le Van, Tan

2017-01-01

Since 1962, enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) has been implicated in multiple outbreaks and sporadic cases of respiratory infection worldwide, but especially in the USA and Europe with an increasing frequency between 2010 and 2014. We describe the detection, associated clinical features and molecular characterization of EV-D68 in central and southern Viet Nam between 2009 and 2015. Enterovirus/rhinovirus PCR positive respiratory or CSF samples taken from children and adults with respiratory/central nervous system infections in Viet Nam were tested by an EV-D68 specific PCR. The included samples were derived from 3 different observational studies conducted at referral hospitals across central and southern Viet Nam between 2009 and 2015. Whole-genome sequencing was carried out using a MiSeq based approach. Phylogenetic reconstruction and estimation of evolutionary rate and recombination were carried out in BEAST and Recombination Detection Program, respectively. EV-D68 was detected in 21/625 (3.4%) enterovirus/rhinovirus PCR positive respiratory samples but in none of the 15 CSF. All the EV-D68 patients were young children (age range: 11.8 - 24.5 months) and had moderate respiratory infections. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the Vietnamese sequences clustered with those from Asian countries, of which 9 fell in the B1 clade, and the remaining sequence was identified within the A2 clade. One intra sub-clade recombination event was detected, representing the second reported recombination within EV-D68. The evolutionary rate of EV-D68 was estimated to be 5.12E -3 substitutions/site/year. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the virus was imported into Viet Nam in 2008. We have demonstrated for the first time EV-D68 has been circulating at low levels in Viet Nam since 2008, associated with moderate acute respiratory infection in children. EV-D68 in Viet Nam is most closely related to Asian viruses, and clusters separately from recent US and European viruses that were

2367-IJBCS-Article-Koffi Mathias Yao

African Journals Online (AJOL)

hp

comportement serait lié au prix de vente des différents alcools. C'est pourquoi, la publicité ... troubles physiques et mentaux, parmi lesquels ... consommation de 5 verres chez l'homme ou ... consomme trois à quatre verres, au plus une fois par ...

Views of Astronaut (Col.) Joe Engle and son Jon with L-5 Piper Cub

Science.gov (United States)

1981-01-01

Views of Astronaut (Col.) Joe Engle and son Jon with L-5 Piper Cub at Clover Airport. Photos include Engle turning propeller while his son sits in the cockpit (34323); both Engle and son examine propeller (34324); Engle works on engine while his son sits in cockpit (34325).

Comparison of Ga-68 DOTA-TATE and Ga-68 DOTA-LAN PET/CT imaging in the same patient group with neuroendocrine tumours: preliminary results.

Science.gov (United States)

Demirci, Emre; Ocak, Meltem; Kabasakal, Levent; Araman, Ahmet; Ozsoy, Yildiz; Kanmaz, Bedii

2013-08-01

Recent studies have suggested that PET imaging with Ga-68-labelled DOTA-somatostatin analogues such as octreotide and octreotate is useful in diagnosing neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) and has superior value over both computed tomography and planar and SPECT somatostatin receptor scintigraphy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of Ga-68 DOTA-lanreotide (Ga-68-DOTA-LAN) in patients with somatostatin receptor (sst)-expressing tumours and to compare the results of Ga-68 DOTA-D-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotate (Ga-68-DOTA-TATE) in the same patient population. Twelve patients with NETs who were referred to our department for somatostatin receptor scintigraphy were included in the study. There were four patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumour (WDNET) grade 1, two patients with WDNET grade 2, and three patients with poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (PDNEC) grade 3. There was also one patient with medullary thyroid cancer, one patient with meningioma and one patient with MEN-1. All patients underwent two consecutive PET imaging studies with Ga-68-DOTA-TATE and Ga-68 DOTA-LAN. All images were evaluated visually, and maximum standardized uptake value was calculated for quantitative evaluation. On visual examination of maximum intensity projection images, GA-68 DOTA-LAN was seen to have high background activity and high bone marrow uptake. Both tracers defined 67 lesions. Ga-68 DOTA-TATE images revealed 63 (94%) clearly defined lesions, missing four lesions. In contrast, Ga-68 DOTA-LAN images defined only 23 (44%) lesions, missing 44 (56%) lesions. Thirty-two bone lesions were detected on Ga-68-DOTA-TATE images. Among them, only 11 (34%) were positive on Ga-68 DOTA-LAN images, whereas 21 (66%) were negative. When we evaluated liver, mediastinum and gastrointestinal tract lesions, Ga-68 DOTA-LAN was seen to be positive for 12 (34%) lesions and negative for 23 (66%) lesions. Although the results are preliminary, the image quality obtained by

核蛋白Sam68的原核表达及鉴定%Prokaryotic Expression and Identification of Nuclear Protein Sam68

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

张华; 陈宁; 丁筠; 邹德华; 潘子夜; 李鹏飞; 李丽阳; 肖丽杰; 曹宏伟

2017-01-01

为了构建pGEX-4T-1-Sam68原核表达载体,表达并鉴定GST-Sam68融合蛋白,采用PCR扩增Sam68基因,插入pGEX-4T-1的EcoR I和Sal I位点,并转化Rosetta(DE3)大肠杆菌,IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE和Western Blot验证蛋白表达,GST pull-down技术验证Sam68的结合活性.酶切和测序结果证实Sam68基因正确插入pGEX-4T-1载体中,载体能够在Rosetta(DE3)细胞中正确表达,且纯化的GST-Sam68蛋白具有与PI3K p85特异结合的活性,说明成功构建了原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1-Sam68.

Influência das vogais na estimulabilidade dos sons líquidos

OpenAIRE

Castro,Márcia Mathias de; Wertzner,Haydée Fizbein

2009-01-01

OBJETIVO: verificar o número de crianças, entre 5:0 e 11:6 anos, com e sem Transtorno Fonológico, falantes do Português Brasileiro que imitaram corretamente os sons líquidos no teste de estimulabilidade considerando cada uma das vogais subsequentes. MÉTODOS: a estimulabilidade foi medida por uma prova de imitação de 63 sílabas com os sons com as sete vogais orais, em três repetições. Foi analisada a porcentagem de sujeitos que produziu corretamente os sons em função da vogal subsequente. RESU...

Liver and kidney imaging with Ga-68-labeled dihydroxyanthraquinones

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schuhmacher, J.; Maier-Borst, W.; Wellman, H.N.

1980-01-01

This paper describes the preparation of alizarin (1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone) and alizarin red S (sodium 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone-3-sulfonate) labeled with Ga-68, which is obtained from a new high-yield Ge-68 → Ga-68 generator. The uptake of Ga-68 alizarin by liver and spleen RES was studied in rats, dogs, and humans, and amounted to 80 to 85% of the administered dose within 5 min after i.v. injection. Gallium-68 alizarin red S was preferentially accumulated in the renal parenchyma to an extent of 70% within 2 hr after i.v. administration. Complete labeling of 1 mCi Ga-68 was achieved by 100 μg of each compound, amounts that are without any known measurable harm to humans

Somatostatin receptor PET in neuroendocrine tumours: {sup 68}Ga-DOTA{sup 0},Tyr{sup 3}-octreotide versus {sup 68}Ga-DOTA{sup 0}-lanreotide

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Putzer, Daniel; Kroiss, Alexander; Waitz, Dietmar; Gabriel, Michael; Uprimny, Christian; Guggenberg, Elisabeth von; Decristoforo, Clemens; Warwitz, Boris; Virgolini, Irene Johanna [Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Innsbruck (Austria); Traub-Weidinger, Tatjana [Vienna Medical University, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Vienna (Austria); Widmann, Gerlig [Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Radiology, Innsbruck (Austria)

2013-03-15

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of {sup 68}Ga-labelled DOTA{sup 0}-lanreotide ({sup 68}Ga-DOTA-LAN) on the diagnostic assessment of neuroendocrine tumour (NET) patients with low to moderate uptake on planar somatostatin receptor (SSTR) scintigraphy or {sup 68}Ga-labelled DOTA{sup 0},Tyr{sup 3}-octreotide ({sup 68}Ga-DOTA-TOC) positron emission tomography (PET). Fifty-three patients with histologically confirmed NET and clinical signs of progressive disease, who had not qualified for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) on planar SSTR scintigraphy or {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-TOC PET (n = 38) due to lack of tracer uptake, underwent {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-LAN PET to evaluate a treatment option with {sup 90}Y-labelled lanreotide according to the MAURITIUS trial. The included patients received 150 {+-} 30 MBq of each radiopharmaceutical intravenously. PET scans were acquired 60-90 min after intravenous bolus injection. Image results from both PET scans were compared head to head, focusing on the intensity of tracer uptake in terms of treatment decision. CT was used for morphologic correlation of tumour lesions. To further evaluate the binding affinities of each tracer, quantitative and qualitative values were calculated for target lesions. {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-LAN and {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-TOC both showed equivalent findings in 24/38 patients when fused PET/CT images were interpreted. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-LAN in comparison to CT were 0.63, 0.5 and 0.62 (n = 53; p < 0.0001) and for {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-TOC in comparison to CT 0.78, 0.5 and 0.76 (n = 38; p < 0.013), respectively. {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-TOC showed a significantly higher maximum standardized uptake value (SUV{sub max}) regarding the primary tumour in 25 patients (p < 0.003) and regarding the liver in 30 patients (p < 0.009) compared to {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-LAN. Corresponding values of both PET scans for tumour and liver did not show any significant correlation. {sup 68}Ga

In the Pursuit of Sons: Additional Births or Sex-Selective Abortion in Pakistan?

Science.gov (United States)

Zaidi, Batool; Morgan, S Philip

2016-12-01

Even though Pakistan is a highly patriarchal society, it has not featured prominently in studies focusing on sex-selective abortion and sex ratios at birth. But with fertility declining and existing strong son preference-Pakistan has one of the highest desired sex ratios in the world-how will Pakistani families respond? In the pursuit of sons, will they have additional children or resort to sex-selective abortions? Or is there evidence that the pursuit of sons is weakening? Using data from three rounds of the demographic and health survey, we show clear evidence of son preference in fertility intentions, patterns of contraceptive use and parity progression ratios. More specifically, we find pervasive evidence that Pakistanis continue childbearing to have a son, to have more than one son and to have at least one daughter. We do not find consistent and convincing evidence that sex ratios at birth (which indicate sex-selective abortion) are increasing.

Management strategies of enterovirus D68 outbreaks: current perspectives

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Milhano N

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Natacha Milhano, Kaja Sverdrup Borge, Karoline Bragstad, Susanne G Dudman Domain for Environmental Health and Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway Abstract: Following its discovery in California in 1962, enterovirus D68 (EV-D68 was reported only sporadically around the world. In August 2014, a marked increase of EV-D68 cases in young children with severe respiratory infections was reported in the USA and Canada and later in Europe and Asia. Some of these cases were also found to be associated with acute flaccid paralysis, which exacerbated public health concern, and has since triggered international efforts to strengthen both EV-D68 and acute flaccid paralysis surveillance systems. This review summarizes the current knowledge on EV-D68, offering an overview of EV-D68 epidemiology, clinical presentations, diagnostic methodologies, and treatment strategies, as well as surveillance and outbreak management. Keywords: enterovirus D68, AFP, diagnostics, treatment, surveillance, outbreak 

Synthesis of hollandite-type Li yMn 1- xCo xO 2 (x = 0-0.15) by Li + ion-exchange in molten salt and the electrochemical property for rechargeable lithium battery electrodes

Science.gov (United States)

Kumagai, Naoaki; Oshitari, Satoru; Komaba, Shinichi; Kadoma, Yoshihiro

The Li + ion-exchange reaction of K +-type α-K 0.14MnO 1.93·0.18H 2O and its Co-doped α-K 0.14(Mn 0.85Co 0.15)O 1.96·0.21H 2O with a large (2 × 2) tunnel structure has been investigated in a LiNO 3/LiCl molten salt at 300 °C. The Li + ion-exchanged products were examined by chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, and scanning and transmission electron microscopic measurements. Almost all the K + ions and the hydrogens of water molecules in the (2 × 2) tunnel of α-MnO 2 and its Co-doped one were exchanged by Li + ions in the molten salt, resulting in Li +-type α-MnO 2 and its Co-doped one containing Li + ions as well as Li 2O (lithium oxide) in the (2 × 2) tunnel with maintaining the original hollandite structure. The electrochemical properties including charge-discharge cycling of the Li + ion-exchanged α-MnO 2 and its Co-doped samples have been investigated as insertion compounds in the search for new cathode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries. The Li + ion-exchanged α-MnO 2 and its Co-doped samples provided higher capacities than the K +-type parent materials on initial discharge and charge-discharge cyclings, probably due to the structural stabilization with the existence of Li 2O in the (2 × 2) tunnels.

My Son 22.10.11

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rebecca Baillie

2013-01-01

Full Text Available 'My Son 22.10.11' was made immediately following a miscarriage 8 weeks into pregnancy. After bleeding lightly for a couple of hours, I went to the toilet and a large bloody mass fell from within me. I knew that I could not flush this away, and that to retrieve the mass was my only chance to connect with the unborn foetus. I fished the contents from the bottom of the toilet bowl using my hands and carried them into my small studio. I found some paper and began to dissect the mass. At the centre, I found the tiny, cold, hard foetus. I kissed it and then began to use it as a kind of painting tool, drawing the outline of the lost child using its very own flesh and blood. I knew that to create a lasting and tangible portrait of 'my son' was the best way to understand the somewhat unreal and fleeting experience of miscarriage. I thought of Frida Kahlo while making the work, thinking 'thank God' that I had a reference to miscarriage before it happened to me. I also thought of my childhood days spent on our family pig farm, and of all the dead pig foetuses that I had seen at various stages of development. Before the miscarriage, I thought little about the subject; afterwards, I recognise the profundity of the creation of a life that is never born. The experience is so common, yet so very rarely discussed or depicted.

Son Preference and Family Limitation in Pakistan: A Parity- and Contraceptive Method-Specific Analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Channon, Melanie Dawn

2017-09-01

Son preference exerts a strong influence over contraceptive and fertility decisions in many South Asian countries. In Pakistan, where fertility remains high and contraceptive use low, research on son preference has been limited. Data from Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 1990-1991, 2006-2007 and 2012-2013 were used to examine potential indicators and outcomes of son preference. Descriptive analyses looked at sex composition preferences of men and women, as well as the sex ratio at last birth. Multivariate logistic regression analyses examined parity progression by birth order, while multinomial logistic regression was used to identify associations between sex composition and use of permanent, temporary and traditional contraceptive methods. Parity progression and choice of contraceptive method are increasingly associated with the sex composition of children. Many respondents wanted at least two sons, though most also wanted at least one daughter. Analyses suggest that the prevalence of modern contraceptive use among parous women would have been 19% higher in 2012-2013 in the absence of son preference. Permanent method use was extremely low among women with no sons and increased significantly with number of sons. The association between number of sons and use of temporary methods was weaker, while son preference had little relationship with traditional method use. The association of son preference with parity progression and modern contraceptive use has become stronger in Pakistan. Continuation of the fertility transition may be difficult unless the degrees of differential stopping behavior and differential contraceptive use decline.

Having a Son Promotes Clean Cooking Fuel Use in Urban India: Women's Status and Son Preference

OpenAIRE

Avinash Kishore; Dean Spears

2014-01-01

Urban Indian households with a male first child are approximately 2 percentage points more likely to use clean cooking fuel than comparable households with a female first child. Given Indian son preference, there are at least two mechanisms by which child sex could affect fuel choice: by improving the intrahousehold status of women, who bear more of the costs of traditional fuels, or by presenting an opportunity to invest in children's health, in the context of a preference for healthier boys...

Mothers' Predictions of Their Son's Executive Functioning Skills: Relations to Child Behavior Problems

Science.gov (United States)

Johnston, Charlotte

2011-01-01

This study examined mothers' ability to accurately predict their sons' performance on executive functioning tasks in relation to the child's behavior problems. One-hundred thirteen mothers and their 4-7 year old sons participated. From behind a one-way mirror, mothers watched their sons perform tasks assessing inhibition and planning skills.…

40 CFR 68.65 - Process safety information.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Program 3 Prevention Program § 68.65 Process safety... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Process safety information. 68.65... compilation of written process safety information before conducting any process hazard analysis required by...

Glycosaminoglycan interactions in murine gammaherpesvirus-68 infection.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Laurent Gillet

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs commonly participate in herpesvirus entry. They are thought to provide a reversible attachment to cells that promotes subsequent receptor binding. Murine gamma-herpesvirus-68 (MHV-68 infection of fibroblasts and epithelial cells is highly GAG-dependent. This is a function of the viral gp150, in that gp150-deficient mutants are much less GAG-dependent than wild-type. Here we show that the major MHV-68 GAG-binding protein is not gp150 but gp70, a product of ORF4. Surprisingly, ORF4-deficient MHV-68 showed normal cell binding and was more sensitive than wild-type to inhibition by soluble heparin rather than less. Thus, the most obvious viral GAG interaction made little direct contribution to infection. Indeed, a large fraction of the virion gp70 had its GAG-binding domain removed by post-translational cleavage. ORF4 may therefore act mainly to absorb soluble GAGs and prevent them from engaging gp150 prematurely. In contrast to gp70, gp150 bound poorly to GAGs, implying that it provides little in the way of adhesion. We hypothesize that it acts instead as a GAG-sensitive switch that selectively activates MHV-68 entry at cell surfaces.

Global emergence of enterovirus D68

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Holm-Hansen, Charlotte Carina; Midgley, Sofie Elisabeth; Fischer, Thea Kølsen

2016-01-01

be assessed in terms of capacity and ability to detect and report any upsurge of respiratory viruses such as enterovirus D68 in a timely manner, and focus should be paid to development of preventive measures against these emerging enteroviruses that have potential for severe disease.......Since its discovery in California in 1962, reports of enterovirus D68 have been infrequent. Before 2014, infections were confirmed in only 699 people worldwide. In August, 2014, two paediatric hospitals in the USA reported increases in the number of patients with severe respiratory illness......, with an over-representation in children with asthma. Shortly after, the authorities recognised a nationwide outbreak, which then spread to Canada, Europe, and Asia. In 2014, more than 2000 cases of enterovirus D68 were reported in 20 countries. Concurrently, clusters of children with acute flaccid paralysis...

The institutionalization of Jesus' charismatic authority: "Son of Man" as case study1

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yolanda Dreyer

2000-12-01

Full Text Available This article argues that Jesus used the expression "son of man" not in a titular way, but genetically, meaning "humankind". This use of "son of man" developed into a titular usage in which Jesus is identified with "Son of Man". The study shows that Jesus' use of the expression "son of man" should be understood in the context of the "little tradition" which was reinterpreted in terms of the "great tradition" in a titular way. It is argued that this transition from "litle tradition" to "great tradition"can be seen as "false attribution". After Jesus' death when his followers reorganized themselves into a cultic community, they gave Jesus the position "founder of the cult". They did this by making use of honorary titles. The use of the title "Son of Man" for Jesus is interpreted in terms of the social theory of the institutionalization of charismatic authority. The focus is on the title "Son of Man" as it appears in legal sayings or church rules, wisdom sayings and prophetic and apocalyptic sayings.

2014 outbreak of enterovirus D68 in North America.

Science.gov (United States)

Messacar, Kevin; Abzug, Mark J; Dominguez, Samuel R

2016-05-01

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is an emerging picornavirus which causes severe respiratory disease, predominantly in children. In 2014, the largest and most widespread outbreak of EV-D68 described to date was reported in North America. Hospitals throughout the United States and Canada reported surges in patient volumes and resource utilization from August to October, 2014. In the US a total of 1,153 infections were confirmed in 49 states, although this is an underestimate of the likely millions of cases that occurred but were not tested. EV-D68 was detected in 14 patients who died; the role of the virus in these deaths is unknown. A possible association between EV-D68 and cases of acute flaccid paralysis with spinal cord gray matter lesions, known as acute flaccid myelitis, was observed during the outbreak and is under investigation. The 2014 outbreak of EV-D68 in North America demonstrates the public health importance of this emerging pathogen. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Son, Sent, and Servant

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Truls Åkerlund

2015-11-01

Full Text Available This study challenges the claim that Jesus is the archetypical servant leader as described in contempo-rary leadership literature. Based on a theological reading of the Fourth Gospel, the paper suggests that, as a servant, Jesus cannot be understood apart from his mission and obedience to God. Consequently, Jesus was not primarily a servant leader but rather the Son who was sent to the world to enact the Fa-ther’s will. In this regard, the Fourth Gospel provides a unique perspective that is barely noted in the current discourse on servant leadership modelled on the example of Christ. Although certain aspects of servant leadership theory correspond to John’s portrayal of Jesus, the study concludes that other de-scriptions of him as a servant leader suffer from a one-sided and reductionist Christology. Implications of this view for Christian ministry are briefly sketched out.

The experience of sons caring for a parent with dementia.

Science.gov (United States)

McDonnell, Eilis; Ryan, Assumpta A

2014-11-01

This study explored the experiences of sons caring for a parent with dementia. Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample of sons (n = 13) in a rural part of Ireland. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim and analysed for common themes. The key themes that emerged were 'the parental bond', 'a binding role', 'coordinating care and support' and a 'getting on with it' approach to care. The study highlighted the commitment of sons to their caregiving role and the strong sense of duty that motivated them to provide care. The findings suggested that while many aspects of the caregiving experience such as lack of information and support are gender neutral, there are differences in the caregiving experiences of men and women in how they view their relationship with their parent and in the management of their caregiving role that merit further investigation. © The Author(s) 2013 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav.

De Novo Truncating Variants in SON Cause Intellectual Disability, Congenital Malformations, and Failure to Thrive.

Science.gov (United States)

Tokita, Mari J; Braxton, Alicia A; Shao, Yunru; Lewis, Andrea M; Vincent, Marie; Küry, Sébastien; Besnard, Thomas; Isidor, Bertrand; Latypova, Xénia; Bézieau, Stéphane; Liu, Pengfei; Motter, Connie S; Melver, Catherine Ward; Robin, Nathaniel H; Infante, Elena M; McGuire, Marianne; El-Gharbawy, Areeg; Littlejohn, Rebecca O; McLean, Scott D; Bi, Weimin; Bacino, Carlos A; Lalani, Seema R; Scott, Daryl A; Eng, Christine M; Yang, Yaping; Schaaf, Christian P; Walkiewicz, Magdalena A

2016-09-01

SON is a key component of the spliceosomal complex and a critical mediator of constitutive and alternative splicing. Additionally, SON has been shown to influence cell-cycle progression, genomic integrity, and maintenance of pluripotency in stem cell populations. The clear functional relevance of SON in coordinating essential cellular processes and its presence in diverse human tissues suggests that intact SON might be crucial for normal growth and development. However, the phenotypic effects of deleterious germline variants in SON have not been clearly defined. Herein, we describe seven unrelated individuals with de novo variants in SON and propose that deleterious variants in SON are associated with a severe multisystem disorder characterized by developmental delay, persistent feeding difficulties, and congenital malformations, including brain anomalies. Copyright © 2016 American Society of Human Genetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

SON connects the splicing-regulatory network with pluripotency in human embryonic stem cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Lu, Xinyi; Göke, Jonathan; Sachs, Friedrich; Jacques, Pierre-Étienne; Liang, Hongqing; Feng, Bo; Bourque, Guillaume; Bubulya, Paula A; Ng, Huck-Hui

2013-10-01

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) harbour the ability to undergo lineage-specific differentiation into clinically relevant cell types. Transcription factors and epigenetic modifiers are known to play important roles in the maintenance of pluripotency of hESCs. However, little is known about regulation of pluripotency through splicing. In this study, we identify the spliceosome-associated factor SON as a factor essential for the maintenance of hESCs. Depletion of SON in hESCs results in the loss of pluripotency and cell death. Using genome-wide RNA profiling, we identified transcripts that are regulated by SON. Importantly, we confirmed that SON regulates the proper splicing of transcripts encoding for pluripotency regulators such as OCT4, PRDM14, E4F1 and MED24. Furthermore, we show that SON is bound to these transcripts in vivo. In summary, we connect a splicing-regulatory network for accurate transcript production to the maintenance of pluripotency and self-renewal of hESCs.

Risk of cryptorchidism among sons of horticultural workers and farmers in Denmark

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, Kristian Tore; Jensen, Morten Søndergaard; Toft, Gunnar Vase

2014-01-01

on occupation and cryptorchidism. METHODS: The cohort consisted of >600 000 boys born in Denmark from 1980-2007 with a parent in employment during pregnancy. These boys were followed for cryptorchidism from 1980-2009 comparing risks among sons of horticultural workers and farmers with sons of parents in other...... occupations. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated using Cox regression adjusting for parental age, birth years, parity, and geographical region. RESULTS: Sons of maternal farmers were at increased risk of cryptorchidism (157 cases; HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.12-1.53) compared to boys...... of mothers in other occupations (15 511 cases). Paternal occupation as farmer was unrelated to the risk among sons. Maternal occupation as a horticultural worker was associated with a non-significantly increased risk (72 cases; HR 1.20, 95% CI 0.95-1.52). A similar association was found for paternal...

Development and Evaluation of User-Friendly Single Vial DOTA-Peptide Kit Formulations, Specifically Designed for Radiolabelling with 68Ga from a Tin Dioxide 68Ge/68Ga Generator.

Science.gov (United States)

Prince, Deidré; Rossouw, Daniel; Davids, Claudia; Rubow, Sietske

2017-12-01

This study was aimed to develop single vial 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)-peptide kits to be used with fractionated eluates from a SnO 2 -based 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generator. Kits were formulated with 35 μg DOTA-Tyr 3 -Thre 8 -octreotide, DOTA-[Tyr 3 ]-octreotide and DOTA-[NaI 3 ]-octreotide (DOTATATE, DOTATOC and DOTANOC) and sodium acetate powder, vacuum-dried and stored at -20 °C for up to 12 months. Labelling of the kits was carried out with 2 ml 68 Ga eluate. Comparative labelling was carried out using aqueous DOTA-peptide stock solutions kept frozen at -20 °C for up to 12 months. The quality of the kits was found to be suitable over a 1-year storage period (pH, sterility, endotoxin content, radiolabelling efficiency and radiochemical yields of 68 Ga-labelled DOTA-peptides). Radiochemical yields ranged from 73 to 83 %, while those obtained from stock solutions from 64 to 79 %. No significant decline in kit labelling yields was observed over a 12-month storage period. The single vial kit formulations met the quality release specifications for human administration and appear to be highly advantageous over using peptide stock solutions in terms of stability and user-friendliness.

Molecular and epidemiological study of enterovirus D68 in Taiwan.

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Yuan-Pin; Lin, Tsuey-Li; Lin, Ting-Han; Wu, Ho-Sheng

2017-08-01

As an immunofluorescence assay for enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is not available in the enteroviruses surveillance network in Taiwan, EV-D68 may be the actual pathogen of untypeable enterovirus-suspected isolates. The untypeable isolates collected from 2007 through 2014 were identified by nucleic acid amplification-based methods and sequencing of the VP1 region to analyze the phylogeny and epidemiology of EV-D68 in Taiwan. Twenty-nine EV-D68 isolates were sequenced, including 15 Cluster 3 and 14 Cluster 1 viruses. Approximately 41% of the patients were children under 5 years of age and their infections peaked in August. The ratio of male to female patients was 1.5 and 3.67 for Cluster 3 and Cluster 1, respectively. Fever and respiratory symptoms were commonly reported in EV-D68-infected patients. The results of phylogenetic analyses showed that EV-D68 isolates between 2007 and 2014 belonged to different clusters and existed for years, indicating that endemic circulation of EV-D68 existed in Taiwan. This study showed that EV-D68 has been endemic in Taiwan for some years despite a small number of positive cases. The continuous monitoring and efforts towards the improvement of diagnostic techniques are required to complete the surveillance system. This study provided the genetic and epidemiological information which could contribute to understanding the etiology and epidemiology of EV-D68. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Enantioselectivity and Thermostability of a Novel Hyperhermotolerant Lipase from Geobacillus Thermodenitrificans nr68 (Lip.nr-68) on Secondary Racemic Alcohols Acetylation

Science.gov (United States)

Nik Him, N. R.; Ibrahim, D.

2018-05-01

In our previous work, a new lipase enzyme has been purified from a species identified as a Gram negative Geobacillus thermodenitrificans nr68, isolated from a hot spring in Malaysia with growth temperature of 48°C. This new lipase, called Lip.nr-68 has been characterized as a hyperthermotolerant protein with high stability at 65°C and has been showing excellent characteristics that are very much comparable yet better than some of those of well-known industrially-used lipases. It shows high activity against long-chain triglycerides with molecular weight of the purified enzyme estimated to be 33.5 kDa using SDS-PAGE analysis. This paper is focusing on hyperthermotolerant Lip.nr-68 performance in promoting for enantioselectivity activities towards three secondary racemic alcohols namely 1-phenylethanol, 1-cyclohexilethanol and 1-(naft-2-il) ethanol by acetylation with vinyl acetate. Lip.nr-68 has been confirmed to show high and usual enantioselectivitiy according to the Kazlauskas Rule towards all secondary racemic alcohols and has significantly approved as an enantiomer selective biocatalyst towards 1-phenylethanol and 1-cyclohexylethanol at 65°C. Lip.nr-68 has showed a reduction of (R) and (S) enantiomers as well as the production of 68-98% ee and almost 94% yield of 3-4 mg/ml for 1-cyclohexilethanol.

Travailler loin de son domicile

OpenAIRE

Bonnet, Estelle; Verley, Elise; Ries, Tammy

2017-01-01

Résumé : La mobilité géographique liée à un lieu de travail éloigné du domicile – supposant soit de longs trajets quotidiens, soit de dormir en dehors du domicile – s’inscrit à l’articulation de la sphère professionnelle et de la sphère privée. Elle met à l’épreuve le couple et la distribution des rôles sexués en son sein. Cet article interroge les divisions sexuées inhérentes à cette articulation selon que l’on se place du point de vue d’une mobilité féminine ou masculine. Il examine en quoi...

46 CFR 68.7 - Qualification as an 883-1 corporation.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 46 Shipping 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Qualification as an 883-1 corporation. 68.7 Section 68.7... Trade § 68.7 Qualification as an 883-1 corporation. (a) To be formally qualified as an 883-1 corporation for all purposes under the Act, a corporation which meets the requirements of § 68.5 must file with...

African-American Fathers' Perspectives on Facilitators and Barriers to Father-Son Sexual Health Communication.

Science.gov (United States)

Randolph, Schenita D; Coakley, Tanya; Shears, Jeffrey; Thorpe, Roland J

2017-06-01

African-American males ages 13 through 24 are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), accounting for over half of all HIV infections in this age group in the United States. Clear communication between African-American parents and their youth about sexual health is associated with higher rates of sexual abstinence, condom use, and intent to delay initiation of sexual intercourse. However, little is known about African-American fathers' perceptions of what facilitates and inhibits sexual health communication with their preadolescent and adolescent sons. We conducted focus groups with 29 African-American fathers of sons ages 10-15 to explore perceived facilitators and barriers for father-son communication about sexual health. Participants were recruited from barbershops in metropolitan and rural North Carolina communities highly affected by STIs and HIV, and data were analyzed using content analysis. Three factors facilitated father-son communication: (a) fathers' acceptance of their roles and responsibilities; (b) a positive father-son relationship; and (c) fathers' ability to speak directly to their sons about sex. We also identified three barriers: (a) fathers' difficulty in initiating sexual health discussions with their sons; (b) sons' developmental readiness for sexual health information; and (c) fathers' lack of experience in talking with their own fathers about sex. These findings have implications for father-focused prevention interventions aimed at reducing risky sexual behaviors in adolescent African-American males. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Aditivos alimentarios: ¿qué son, cómo actúan, por qué son tan necesarios?

OpenAIRE

Blanco de Alvarado-Ortiz, Teresa

2014-01-01

Para John M. deMan, en su obra PrincipIes of Food Chemistry a los aditivos alimentarios con frecuencia se les asocia a algo químico, otorgándose erradamente a lo quimico características de artificial, no siempre bueno para la salud.Dicen bien erradamente, porque hombres, animales, plantas, microorganismos, alimentos, aire, cerros, minas y todo lo que nos rodea en la maravillosa naturaleza, es químico. Los aditivos alimentarios,todos químicos, naturales o artificiales son extraordinarias susta...

19 CFR 210.68 - Complainant's temporary relief bond.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... Section 210.68 Customs Duties UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INVESTIGATIONS OF UNFAIR PRACTICES IN IMPORT TRADE ADJUDICATION AND ENFORCEMENT Temporary Relief § 210.68 Complainant's temporary... by Individual Surety United States International Trade Commission Affidavit by Individual Surety 19...

Semi-automated lab-on-a-chip for dispensing GA-68 radiotracers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Weinberg, Irving [Weinberg Medical Physics LLC, Bethesda, MD (United States)

2014-03-12

We solved a technical problem that is hindering American progress in molecular medicine, and restricting US citizens from receiving optimal diagnostic care. Specifically, the project deals with a mother/daughter generator of positron-emitting radiotracers (Ge-68/Ga-68). These generator systems are approved in Europe but cannot be used in the USA, because of safety issues related to possible breakthrough of long-lived Ge-68 (mother) atoms. Europeans have demonstrated abilities of Ga-68-labeled radiotracers to image cancer foci with high sensitivity and specificity, and to use such methods to effectively plan therapy.The USA Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) have taken the position that every patient administration of Ga-68 should be preceded by an assay demonstrated that Ge-68 breakthrough is within acceptable limits. Breakthrough of parent elements is a sensitive subject at the FDA, as evidenced by the recent recall of Rb-82 generators due to inadvertent administrations of Sr-82. Commercially, there is no acceptable rapid method for assaying breakthrough of Ge-68 prior to each human administration. The gamma emissions of daughter Ga-68 have higher energies than the parent Ge-68, so that the shielding assays typically employed for Mo-99/Tc-99m generators cannot be applied to Ga-68 generators. The half-life of Ga-68 is 68 minutes, so that the standard 10-half-life delay (used to assess breakthrough in Sr-82/Rb-82 generators) cannot be applied to Ga-68 generators. As a result of the aforementioned regulatory requirements, Ga-68 generators are sold in the USA for animal use only.The American clinical community’s inability to utilize Ga-68 generators impairs abilities to treat patients domestically, and puts the USA at a disadvantage in developing exportable products. The proposed DOE project aimed to take advantage of recent technological advances developed for lab-on-a-chip (LOC) applications. Based on our experiences

Cesium release from ceramic waste form materials in simulated canister corrosion product containing solutions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vittorio, Luca; Drabarek, Elizabeth; Chronis, Harriet; Griffith, Christopher S

2004-07-01

It has previously been demonstrated that immobilization of Cs{sup +} and/or Sr{sup 2+} sorbed on hexagonal tungsten oxide bronze (HTB) adsorbent materials can be achieved by heating the materials in air at temperatures in the range 500 - 1300 deg C. Highly crystalline powdered HTB materials formed by heating at 800 deg C show leach characteristics comparable to Cs-containing hot-pressed hollandites in the pH range from 0 to 12. As a very harsh leaching test, and also to model in a basic manner, leaching in the presence of canister corrosion products in oxidising environments, leaching of the bronzoid phases has been undertaken in Fe(NO{sub 3}){sub 3} solutions of increasing concentration. This is done in comparison with Cs -hollandite materials in order to compare the leaching characteristics of these two materials under such conditions. Both the Cs-loaded bronze and hollandite materials leach severely in Fe(NO{sub 3}){sub 3} losing virtually all of the immobilized Cs in a period of four days at 150 deg C. Total release of Cs and conversion of hollandite to titanium and iron titanium oxides begins to be observed at relatively low concentrations and is virtually complete after four days reaction in 0.5 mol/L Fe(NO{sub 3}){sub 3}. In the case of the bronze, all of the Cs is also extracted but the HTB structure is preserved. The reaction presumably involves an ion-exchange mechanism and iron oxide with a spinel structure is also observed at high Fe concentrations. (authors)

Cesium release from ceramic waste form materials in simulated canister corrosion product containing solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vittorio, Luca; Drabarek, Elizabeth; Chronis, Harriet; Griffith, Christopher S.

2004-01-01

It has previously been demonstrated that immobilization of Cs + and/or Sr 2+ sorbed on hexagonal tungsten oxide bronze (HTB) adsorbent materials can be achieved by heating the materials in air at temperatures in the range 500 - 1300 deg C. Highly crystalline powdered HTB materials formed by heating at 800 deg C show leach characteristics comparable to Cs-containing hot-pressed hollandites in the pH range from 0 to 12. As a very harsh leaching test, and also to model in a basic manner, leaching in the presence of canister corrosion products in oxidising environments, leaching of the bronzoid phases has been undertaken in Fe(NO 3 ) 3 solutions of increasing concentration. This is done in comparison with Cs -hollandite materials in order to compare the leaching characteristics of these two materials under such conditions. Both the Cs-loaded bronze and hollandite materials leach severely in Fe(NO 3 ) 3 losing virtually all of the immobilized Cs in a period of four days at 150 deg C. Total release of Cs and conversion of hollandite to titanium and iron titanium oxides begins to be observed at relatively low concentrations and is virtually complete after four days reaction in 0.5 mol/L Fe(NO 3 ) 3 . In the case of the bronze, all of the Cs is also extracted but the HTB structure is preserved. The reaction presumably involves an ion-exchange mechanism and iron oxide with a spinel structure is also observed at high Fe concentrations. (authors)

47 CFR 68.106 - Notification to provider of wireline telecommunications.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Notification to provider of wireline telecommunications. 68.106 Section 68.106 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON... of Terminal Equipment § 68.106 Notification to provider of wireline telecommunications. (a) General...

40 CFR 68.33 - Defining offsite impacts-environment.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Defining offsite impacts-environment. 68.33 Section 68.33 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... impacts—environment. (a) The owner or operator shall list in the RMP environmental receptors within a...

47 CFR 68.320 - Supplier's Declaration of Conformity.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Supplier's Declaration of Conformity. 68.320... Approval § 68.320 Supplier's Declaration of Conformity. (a) Supplier's Declaration of Conformity is a... Supplier's Declaration of Conformity attaches to all items subsequently marketed by the responsible party...

New 68Ga-PhenA bisphosphonates as potential bone imaging agents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu, Zehui; Zha, Zhihao; Choi, Seok Rye; Plössl, Karl; Zhu, Lin; Kung, Hank F.

2016-01-01

Introduction: In vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of the bone using [ 68 Ga]bisphosphonates may be a valuable tool for cancer diagnosis and monitoring therapeutic treatment. We have developed new [ 68 Ga]bisphosphonates based on the chelating group, AAZTA (6-[bis(hydroxycarbonyl-methyl)amino]-1,4-bis(hydroxycarbonyl methyl)-6-methylperhydro-1,4-diazepine). Method: Phenoxy derivative of AAZTA (2,2′-(6-(bis(carboxymethyl)amino)-6-((4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenoxy) methyl)-1,4-diazepane-1,4-diyl)diacetic acid), PhenA, 2, containing a bisphosphonate group (PhenA-BPAMD, 3, and PhenA-HBP, 4) was prepared. Labeling of these chelating agents with 68 Ga was evaluated. Results: The ligands reacted rapidly in a sodium acetate buffer with [ 68 Ga]GaCl 3 eluted from a commercially available 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generator (pH 4, > 95% labeling at room temperature in 5 min) to form [ 68 Ga]PhenA-BPAMD, 3, and [ 68 Ga]PhenA-HBP, 4. The improved labeling condition negates the need for further purification. The 68 Ga bisphosphonate biodistribution and autoradiography of bone sections in normal mice after an iv injection showed excellent bone uptake. Conclusion: New 68 Ga labeled bisphosphonates may be useful as in vivo bone imaging agents in conjunction with positron emission tomography (PET).

The nuclear protein Sam68 is cleaved by the FMDV 3C protease redistributing Sam68 to the cytoplasm during FMDV infection of host cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lawrence, Paul; Schafer, Elizabeth A.; Rieder, Elizabeth

2012-01-01

Picornavirus infection can lead to disruption of nuclear pore traffic, shut-off of cell translation machinery, and cleavage of proteins involved in cellular signal transduction and the innate response to infection. Here, we demonstrated that the FMDV 3C pro induced the cleavage of nuclear RNA-binding protein Sam68 C-terminus containing the nuclear localization sequence (NLS). Consequently, it stimulated the redistribution of Sam68 to the cytoplasm. The siRNA knockdown of Sam68 resulted in a 1000-fold reduction in viral titers, which prompted us to study the effect of Sam68 on FMDV post-entry events. Interestingly, Sam68 interacts with the internal ribosomal entry site within the 5′ non-translated region of the FMDV genome, and Sam68 knockdown decreased FMDV IRES-driven activity in vitro suggesting that it could modulate translation of the viral genome. The results uncover a novel role for Sam68 in the context of picornaviruses and the proteolysis of a new cellular target of the FMDV 3C pro .

Impaired Reproductive Development in Sons of Women Occupationally Exposed to Pesticides during Pregnancy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Helle Raun; Schmidt, Ida M.; Grandjean, Philippe

2008-01-01

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this prospective study was to investigate whether occupational pesticide exposure during pregnancy causes adverse effects on the reproductive development in the male infants. DESIGN AND MEASUREMENTS: Pregnant women employed in greenhouses in Denmark were consecutively...... recruited, and 113 mother-son pairs were included. The mothers were categorized as occupationally exposed (91 sons) or unexposed (22 sons) to pesticides during pregnancy. Testicular position and volume, penile length, and position of urethral opening were determined at 3 months of age using standardized...

Disability in the Family: John and Alice Dewey Raising Their Son Sabino

Science.gov (United States)

Danforth, Scot

2018-01-01

Background/Context: The current biographic understanding of John Dewey's experience adopting and raising an Italian boy named Sabino emphasizes the theme of finding an emotional replacement for Morris and Gordon, two young sons who had tragically died on family trips to Europe. Lacking is substantive attention to the fact that John Dewey's son had…

47 CFR 68.350 - Revocation of Supplier's Declaration of Conformity.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... Conformity. 68.350 Section 68.350 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON... Terminal Equipment Approval § 68.350 Revocation of Supplier's Declaration of Conformity. (a) The Commission may revoke any Supplier's Declaration of Conformity for cause in accordance with the provisions of...

The Telephone Connection: An Interview with Ernest Hemingway's Son.

Science.gov (United States)

Workman, Brooke

1979-01-01

Relates how a conference call to Ernest Hemingway's son, Gregory, resolved questions and brought understanding and excitement to a group of Iowa high school students enrolled in a 12-week Hemingway seminar. (FL)

40 CFR 68.30 - Defining offsite impacts-population.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Defining offsite impacts-population. 68.30 Section 68.30 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR... impacts—population. (a) The owner or operator shall estimate in the RMP the population within a circle...

Human enterovirus D68 in clinical and sewage samples in Israel.

Science.gov (United States)

Weil, Merav; Mandelboim, Michal; Mendelson, Ella; Manor, Yossi; Shulman, Lester; Ram, Daniela; Barkai, Galia; Shemer, Yonat; Wolf, Dana; Kra-Oz, Zipi; Weiss, Leah; Pando, Rakefet; Hindiyeh, Musa; Sofer, Danit

2017-01-01

Since mid-August 2014, North America experienced a wide outbreak of Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) associated with severe respiratory illness in children. Several other countries also reported cases of EV-D68 in 2014. The aim of this study was to determine whether EV-D68 circulated in Israel in 2014, caused severe respiratory illness in children and was the causative agent of Acute Flaccid Paralysis. Archived clinical respiratory samples from a cohort of 710 hospitalized pediatric patient's (<10years old) with respiratory illness were screened for clade B specific EV-D68 by real-time PCR. The patients were seen at four medical centers covering the entire country between August and November 2014. We also evaluated 49 patient stool samples from 26 AFP cases during 2014 for presence of EV-D68. In addition, RNA from sewage samples collected throughout Israel during the same study period was also tested for EV-D68. Partial VP1 sequencing was performed on all positive samples. Of the 710 clinical samples evaluated, 7 (1%) were positive for EV-D68. Two patients were from the central part of Israel, while the rest was from the southern part. The majority of the patients did not have any underlying disease. Not only that, but, none of the 26 suspected AFP cases had EV-D68 nucleic acid in their stool samples. EV-D68 RNA was detected in 9 out of 93 sewage samples, mainly from Southern Israel. Sequence analysis of EV-D68 VP1 gene from both sewage and clinical samples indicated that the Israeli EV-D68 RNA belonged to Clade B which was genetically similar to 2014 circulating European and North American EV-D68 virus. EV-D68 circulated in Israel during the 2014 summer-fall season and caused hospitalization of a small percent of the patients with respiratory illness. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Development of 68Ga ethyl cysteinate dimer for PET studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alireza Mirzaei; Jalilian, A.R.; Gholamali Shabani; Ashraf Fakhari; Mehdi Akhlaghi; Davood Beiki

2016-01-01

In this work development of 68 Ga-ethyl cysteinate dimer ( 68 Ga-ECD) a 68 Ga tracer for possible cerebral blood flow based on 99m Tc ECD homolog is reported. 68 Ga-ECD was prepared using generator-based 68 GaCl 3 and ECD at optimized conditions. Quality control, stability, partition co-efficient and the biodistribution of the tracer (by tissue counting and PET/CT in rats) was studied. Significant metabolism of the lipophilic tracer into water soluble metabolite(s) led to urinary excretion of the tracer, un-comparable to that of homologous 99m Tc-compound. Cardiac uptake of the complex suggests formation of a possible lipophil cationic complex and/or metabolite. (author)

Reproductive Rights and Son Preference in India : Mobilizing ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

This project is concerned with two overlapping manifestations of gender inequality in India : limited access to reproductive rights on the one hand, and practices associated with son preference on the other. Work that brings together these two issues is urgently needed, particularly in the context of declining funding for ...

Short-lived radiopharmaceutical development at E.R. Squibb and Sons, Inc

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Loberg, M.D.

1985-01-01

This paper describes the present status and future plans of E.R. Squibb and Sons, Inc. as they relate to the development of short-lived radiopharmaceuticals. The advantages of short-lived radiopharmaceuticals are summarized as are the problems inherent in their manufacture, quality control, and distribution. The nuclear generator is advocated as the best means of distributing short-lived radiopharmaceuticals. The E.R. Squibb and Sons work with the 82 Sr → 82 Rb generator is summarized

Molecular evolution of enterovirus 68 detected in the Philippines.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tadatsugu Imamura

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Detection of Enterovirus 68 (EV68 has recently been increased. However, underlying evolutionary mechanism of this increasing trend is not fully understood. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 5,240 patients with acute respiratory infections in the Philippines from June 2009 to December 2011. EV68 was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR targeting for 5' untranslated region (5'UTR, viral protein 1 (VP1, and VP4/VP2. Phylogenetic trees were generated using the obtained sequences. RESULTS: Of the 5,240 tested samples, 12 EV68 positive cases were detected between August and December in 2011 (detection rate, 0.23%. The detection rate was higher among inpatients than outpatients (p<0.0001. Among VP1 sequences detected from 7 patients in 2011, 5 in lineage 2 were diverged from those detected in the Philippines in 2008, however, 2 in lineage 3 were not diverged from strains detected in the Philippines in 2008 but closely associated with strains detected in the United States. Combined with our previous report, EV68 occurrences were observed twice in the Philippines within the last four years. CONCLUSIONS: EV68 detections might be occurring in cyclic patterns, and viruses might have been maintained in the community while some strains might have been newly introduced.

Arabidopsis MYB68 in development and responses to environmental cues

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Feng, Caiping; Andreasson, E.; Maslak, A.

2004-01-01

The Arabidopsis MYB68 gene encodes a MYB family protein with N-terminal R2R3 DNA-binding domains. Analyses of MYB68 expression by RNA blot and a transposant gene-trap MYB68::GUS reporter indicated that MYB68 is expressed specifically in root pericycle cells. Root cultures of the myb68 mutant......, caused by the gene trap insertion in the first MYB68 exon, produced increased biomass and lignin levels compared to wild type. Under high temperature regimes, MYB68::GUS activity was elevated in roots, while vegetative growth of myb68 mutants was reduced compared to wild type. These data suggest that MYB...

Proposition d'un modèle expérimental pour la caractérisation de la réponse mécanique d'un composite (tissu de verre / résine époxyde)

Science.gov (United States)

Naceri, A.; Vautrin, A.

2005-05-01

L'objet de cet article est de proposer une géométrie d'éprouvette pour la caractérisation de la réponse mécanique d'un composite constitué de 12 plis de tissus de fibres de verre noyé dans une résine époxyde. Des essais de traction uniaxiale en rampe monotone réalisés sur différentes configurations géométriques d'éprouvettes avec différentes vitesses d'essais et le calcul numérique par éléments finis de la répartition des contraintes dans la zone centrale du modèle expérimental proposé, nous ont permis de justifier le choix d'une éprouvette profilée avec un rayon de 1000 mm qui présente une section réduite au centre et pour laquelle la rupture survient dans la zone centrale sans chute notable des caractéristiques mécaniques ultimes par rapport à l'éprouvette de forme parallélépipédique.

9 CFR 113.68 - Pasteurella Haemolytica Vaccine, Bovine.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Pasteurella Haemolytica Vaccine, Bovine. 113.68 Section 113.68 Animals and Animal Products ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE... Service. (4) A satisfactory challenge shall be evidenced in the controls by progression of clinical signs...

40 CFR 68.42 - Five-year accident history.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Five-year accident history. 68.42... (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Hazard Assessment § 68.42 Five-year accident history. (a) The owner or operator shall include in the five-year accident history all accidental releases from...

47 CFR 68.608 - Publication of technical criteria.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 47 Telecommunication 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Publication of technical criteria. 68.608... Attachments § 68.608 Publication of technical criteria. The Administrative Council for Terminal Attachments shall place technical criteria proposed for publication on public notice for 30 days. At the end of the...

Study on the formation of heterogeneous structures in leached layers during the corrosion process of glass

OpenAIRE

Willemien Anaf

2010-01-01

Le verre, corrodé dans des conditions naturelles, montre souvent des hétérogénéités dans la couche lixiviée, comme une structure lamellaire ou des inclusions de MnO2 ou Ca3(PO4)2. La formation de ces hétérogénéités n’est pas encore bien comprise. Des structures de ce type ont été produites artificiellement en laboratoire en immergeant des échantillons de verre dans des solutions riches en métaux. Les résultats expérimentaux ont été comparés avec des théories décrivant la corrosion du verre.Gl...

L'astronomie et son histoire

CERN Document Server

Roy, Jean-René

1982-01-01

Le livre de Jean-René Roy nous présente une vaste synthèse des connaissances présentes en astronomie. Le grand mérite du livre est de dérouler son sujet en parallèle avec une histoire de l'astronomie. Le côté historique est ici beaucoup plus qu'un luxe. Il redonne leurs dimensions vraies aux réponses qu'apporte l'astronomie. Pour bien sentir la nature d'une étape franchie, il faut aussi avoir vécu la situation telle qu'elle se présentait avant. Et les fiches personnelles incluses dans le livre ont l'intérêt de nous rapprocher encore plus du "" feu de l'action "". Écrit dans un style direct et

45 CFR 5.68 - Exemption seven: Law enforcement.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Exemption seven: Law enforcement. 5.68 Section 5... INFORMATION REGULATIONS Reasons for Withholding Some Records § 5.68 Exemption seven: Law enforcement. We are not required to disclose information or records that the government has compiled for law enforcement...

40 CFR 68.151 - Assertion of claims of confidential business information.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Risk Management Plan § 68.151...)(8), (b)(10) through (b)(13) and NAICS code and Program level of the process set forth in § 68.160(b... (b)(12). (3) Accident history data required by § 68.168; (4) Prevention program data required by § 68...

Evaluation of 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/MRI for whole-body staging of neuroendocrine tumours in comparison with 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT.

Science.gov (United States)

Sawicki, Lino M; Deuschl, Cornelius; Beiderwellen, Karsten; Ruhlmann, Verena; Poeppel, Thorsten D; Heusch, Philipp; Lahner, Harald; Führer, Dagmar; Bockisch, Andreas; Herrmann, Ken; Forsting, Michael; Antoch, Gerald; Umutlu, Lale

2017-10-01

To compare the diagnostic performance of 68 Ga-DOTATOC PET/MRI and 68 Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT in the whole-body staging of patients with neuroendocrine tumours (NET). Thirty patients with histopathologically confirmed NET underwent PET/CT and PET/MRI in a single-injection protocol. PET/CT and PET/MRI scans were prospectively evaluated with regard to lesion count, localization, nature (NET/non-NET), and conspicuity (four-point scale). Histopathology and follow-up imaging served as the reference standards. The proportions of NET and non-NET lesions rated correctly were compared using McNemar's chi-squared test. The Wilcoxon test was used to assess differences in SUVmax and lesion conspicuity. The correlation between the SUVmax for the same lesions from each modality was analysed using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r). According to the reference standard, there were 197 lesions (142 NET, 55 non-NET). Lesion-based analysis showed a higher proportion of correctly rated NET lesions on PET/MRI than on PET/CT (90.8% vs. 86.7%, p = 0.031), whereas on PET/CT there was a higher proportion of correctly rated non-NET lesions (94.5% vs. 83.6%, p = 0.031). SUVmax was strongly correlated (r = 0.86; p PET/MRI (both p PET/MRI yielded a higher proportion of correctly rated NET lesions and should be regarded as a valuable alternative to 68 Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT in whole-body staging of NET patients. • 68 Ga-DOTATOC PET/MRI correctly identified more NET lesions than 68 Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT. • 68 Ga-DOTATOC PET/MRI provides better NET lesion conspicuity than 68 Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT. • SUVmax values from the two modalities are strongly correlated and do not differ significantly.

Detection of Enterovirus D68 in Canadian Laboratories

Science.gov (United States)

Hatchette, Todd F.; Drews, Steven J.; Grudeski, Elsie; Booth, Tim; Martineau, Christine; Dust, Kerry; Garceau, Richard; Gubbay, Jonathan; Karnauchow, Tim; Krajden, Mel; Levett, Paul N.; Mazzulli, Tony; McDonald, Ryan R.; McNabb, Alan; Mubareka, Samira; Needle, Robert; Petrich, Astrid; Richardson, Susan; Rutherford, Candy; Smieja, Marek; Tellier, Raymond; Tipples, Graham

2015-01-01

The recent emergence of a severe respiratory disease caused by enterovirus D68 prompted investigation into whether Canadian hospital and provincial laboratories can detect this virus using commercial and laboratory-developed assays. This study demonstrated analytical sensitivity differences between commercial and laboratory-developed assays for the detection of enterovirus D68. PMID:25740765

The institutionalization of Jesus' charismatic authority: "Son of Man" as case study¹

OpenAIRE

Yolanda Dreyer

2000-01-01

This article argues that Jesus used the expression "son of man" not in a titular way, but genetically, meaning "humankind". This use of "son of man" developed into a titular usage in which Jesus is identified with "Son of Man". The study shows that Jesus' use of the expression "son of man" should be understood in the context of the "little tradition" which was reinterpreted in terms of the "great tradition" in a titular way. It is argued that this transition from "litle tradition" to "great t...

Types of sons/siblings, fraternal function and peers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luisa Brunori

2013-12-01

Full Text Available In this article, the author starts by exploring family dynamics using the psychodynamic-groupanalytic paradigm to explore the intertwined relationships amongst the family figures like son, daughter, parents and sibling. The work focuses on the analysis of the psychological aspects related to siblings in the family, birth order and their consequences.

40 CFR 68.160 - Registration.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Risk Management Plan § 68.160 Registration. (a) The owner or operator shall... substances handled in covered processes. (b) The registration shall include the following data: (1...

Girl adoption in China-A less-known side of son preference.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Yuyu; Ebenstein, Avraham; Edlund, Lena; Li, Hongbin

2015-01-01

In 1987, 4 per cent of girls were adopted within China. Why? Unlike infanticide, abandonment rids parents of daughters while preserving the supply of potential brides. In fact, an erstwhile tradition common in Fujian and Jiangxi provinces had parents of sons adopting an infant girl to serve as a future daughter-in-law and household help. Analysing a nationally representative 1992 survey of children, we found that: (1) girl adoptions were concentrated in the above-mentioned provinces; (2) girls were predominantly adopted by families with sons; (3) adopted girls faced substantial disadvantage as measured by school attendance at ages 8-13. In the 1990s, as the sex ratio at birth climbed, were girls aborted rather than abandoned? Observing that in the 2000 census too many girls appear in families with older sons, we estimated that at least 1/25 girls were abandoned in the 1990s, a proportion that in Fujian and Jiangxi may have peaked at 1/10 in 1994.

Memory and History of Mexico ’68

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eugenia Allier Montaño

2016-10-01

Full Text Available The student movement Mexico ’68 (Sesenta-y-ocho that was active between July and December of 1968 has come to be seen as one of the most important events of the second half of the twentieth century in Mexico, in both public memory and national history. However as this was not always the case, the aim of this article is to analyse the transformations and permanencies in the many accounts that have formed over the last four decades concerning the Mexican summer of 1968, giving attention to four types of narrative: public debates, the specialized historiography on the student movement, books dealing with national history, and the official history. This analysis is intended to show how the ‘historical centrality’ of 1968 was progressively formed in the national public space and in historiographic discourse. Resumen: Memorias e historias de México 68 El movimiento estudiantil de México 68 (Sesenta-y-ocho que tuvo lugar entre julio y diciembre de 1968 se considera como uno de los acontecimientos más importantes de México en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, tanto desde la memoria pública como desde la historiografía nacional. Sin embargo, como esto no siempre fue así, el objetivo del artículo es analizar las transformaciones y permanencias en las múltiples narraciones que se han creado a lo largo de las últimas cuatro décadas acerca del verano mexicano del 68, dando preeminencia a cuatro narrativas: los debates públicos, la historiografía especializada sobre el movimiento estudiantil, los libros abocados a la historia nacional y la historia oficial. Este análisis busca mostrar cómo se fue conformando la ‘centralidad histórica’ del 68 en el espacio público nacional y en los discursos historiográficos.

Marcel Duchamp, Constantin Brancusi, Victor Brauner : leurs rencontres et les retombées sur leurs œuvres

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristian-Robert Velescu

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Duchamp avait rencontré Brancusi en 1912, année qui marque le début d’une amitié consignée par l’histoire de l’art. Son parcours avait été fixé dans les pages de leur correspondance, conservées au Centre Georges Pompidou. Le lecteur est surpris de constater qu’il n’y a que des faits anodins qui soient consignés, tandis que les références aux conceptions artistiques sont presque totalement absentes. Toutefois, en lisant les témoignages de Duchamp conservés dans les célèbres Boîtes (verte et blanche, on se rend compte qu’il partage les conceptions platoniciennes de son ami sculpteur, chose importante, qui nous laisse formuler des suppositions concernant une influence dirigée de Brancusi dans la direction Duchamp. À son tour, durant l’intervalle 1925–1928, Victor Brauner était l’hôte de Brancusi dans l’atelier de l’impasse Ronsin. C’est ici qu’il a pu rencontrer Duchamp, qui s’y rendait fréquemment dans les années 20. Une rencontre qui a certainement eu des retombées sur l’oeuvre du futur peintre surréaliste. La preuve en est dans deux de ses toiles, Tête et deux boxeurs et Passivité courtoise. Faut-il s’étonner que le message que Duchamp avait mis dans les structures sémantiques de son chef-d’oeuvre La Mariée mise à nu par ses célibataires, même ou Le Grand Verre y avait été « logé » d’une manière évidente ? Mais alors on doit reconnaître que lors de leurs rencontres de chez Brancusi, Duchamp avait transmis à Brauner des informations très précises sur l’iconographie du Grand Verre, ainsi que sur la quatrième dimension, que le futur peintre surréaliste allait reconvertir dans les trois dimensions de l’espace ordinaire. Perçu dans cette perspective, l’atelier de l’impasse Ronsin nous semble un lieu où les idées des trois artistes ont pu communiquer d’une manière osmotique.

Reliability of P mode event classification using contemporaneous BiSON and GOLF observations

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Simoniello, R; Chaplin, W J; Elsworth, Y P; Garcia, R A

2008-01-01

We carried out a comparison of the signals seen in contemporaneous BiSON and GOLF data sets. Both instruments perform Doppler shift velocity measurements in integrated sunlight, although BiSON perform measurements from the two wings of potassium absorption line and GOLF from one wing of the NaD1 line. Discrepancies between the two datasets have been observed. We show,in fact, that the relative power depends on the wing in which GOLF data observes. During the blue wing period, the relative power is mugh higher than in BiSON datasets, while a good agreement has been observed during the red period.

High-Performance, 0.6-eV, GA0.32In0.68As/In0.32P0.68 Thermophotovoltaic Converters and Monolithically Interconnected Modules

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Duda, A.; Murray, C.S.

1998-01-01

Recent progress in the development of high-performance, 0.6-eV Ga0.32In0.68As/InAs0.32P0.68 thermophotovoltaic (TPV) converters and monolithically interconnected modules (MIMs) is described. The converter structure design is based on using a lattice-matched InAs0.32P0.68/Ga0.32In0.68As/InAs0.32P0.68 double-heterostructure (DH) device, which is grown lattice-mismatched on an InP substrate, with an intervening compositionally step-graded region of InAsyP1-y. The Ga0.32In0.68As alloy has a room-temperature band gap of 0.6 eV and contains a p/n junction. The InAs0.32P0.68 layers have a room-temperature band gap of 0.96 eV and serve as passivation/confinement layers for the Ga0.32In0.68As p/n junction. InAsyP1-y step grades have yielded DH converters with superior electronic quality and performance characteristics. Details of the microstructure of the converters are presented. Converters prepared for this work were grown by atmospheric-pressure metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy (APMOVPE) and were processed using a combination of photolithography, wet-chemical etching, and conventional metal and insulator deposition techniques. Excellent performance characteristics have been demonstrated for the 0.6-eV TPV converters. Additionally, the implementation of MIM technology in these converters has been highly successful

Scintillation Counters for Neutron Scattering Experiments; Compteurs a scintillations pour les experiences de diffusion neutronique; Stsintillyatsionnye schetchiki dlya ehksperimentov s rasseyaniem nejtronov; Contadores de centelleo para experimentos de dispersion neutronica.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Harris, D; Duffil, C [Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River, Ontario (Canada); Wraight, L A [Aere, Harwell, Didcot, Berks (United Kingdom)

1963-01-15

Scintillation counters discussed in this paper are of two types : (i) UP or B{sub 2}O{sub 3} fixed with zinc sulphide in varving composition, (ii) Li containing glasses of varying composition. The ideal composition of each rype for neutron scattering experiments and their relative sensitivity tae neutrons and {gamma}-rays are considered. The ZnS type can be used with a {gamma}-ray pulse shape discriminator and practical experience of its use in a multi-counter time-of-flight experiment is described. The Li glass has higher {gamma}-background but also higher neutron efficiency. Performance figures of a scintillator containing 25% by wt. Li{sub 2}O and 1 mm thick will be given. (author) [French] Les compteurs a scintillations etudies sont de deux types : i) LiF ou B{sub 2}O{sub 3} fixe par du sulfure de zinc en composition variable, ii) verres contenant du lithium en composition variable. Les auteurs examinent la composition ideale de chaque type de compteur pour les experiences de diffusion de neutrons, ainsi que leur sinsibilite rrelative aux neutrons et aux rayons gamma. On peut utiliser le compteur a ZnS avec un discriminates de forme pour rayons gamma; les auteurs decrivent l'experience qu'ils ont de son emploi dans une experience de temps de vol a plusieurs compteurs. Le compteur verre-Li a un mouvement propre plus eleve pour les rayons gamma mais une meilleure efficacite vis-a-vis des neutrons. Les auteurs donnent quelques chiffres concernant le fonctionnement d'un scintillateur contenant 25% en poids de Li{sub 2}O et ayant une epaisseur de un millimetre. (author) [Spanish] Los contadores de centelleo examinados en esta memoria son de dos tipos : a) de LiF o B{sub 2}O{sub 3} mezclado con sulfuro de cinc en proporciones variables; b) de vidrios litiados de diversas composiciones. Los autores estudian la composicion ideal de cada tipo para experimentos de dispersion neutronica, asi como su sensibilidad relativa a los neutrones y a los rayos gamma. El tio de Zn

Major ion chemistry of the Son River, India

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

The chemistry of major ions in the surface water of the Son River was studied in detail to determine various source(s) and processes controlling its water chemistry, seasonal and spatial variations in water chemistry, dissolved fluxes and chemical denudation rate (CDR). The study shows that Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO 3 − are ...

Breaking the ice! Predictors about communication between nonresident African American fathers and sons about sex.

Science.gov (United States)

Burns, Jade C; Caldwell, Cleopatra H

2016-02-01

Research on communication between resident and nonresident African American fathers and their sons about sex has been understudied. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of parenting variables, specifically, racial socialization and father involvement on nonresident African American father-son communication about sex. Data for this study are from the Fathers and Sons Project. This intervention study is designed to enhance relationships between nonresident African American fathers and their 8-12 year old sons and to prevent risky health behaviors among sons. The present study is based on 345 African American boys who completed baseline face-to-face interviews. The average age of the sons was 10.2 years old (SD = 1.4), with an average of two siblings (SD = 1.53). Age and sons' perceptions of more parental monitoring by their fathers were predictive of increased communication about sex. Racial socialization messages explained additional variance in communication about sex above other parenting variables and controls. Findings suggest when working with African American families, providers who counsel parents, and in particular provide outreach to fathers regarding communication about sex, are in a unique position to enhance parenting communication skills about sexuality. ©2015 American Association of Nurse Practitioners.

40 CFR 68.56 - Maintenance.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Program 2 Prevention Program § 68.56 Maintenance. (a) The owner or operator shall prepare and implement procedures to maintain the on-going mechanical integrity of the process...

40 CFR 68.87 - Contractors.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Program 3 Prevention Program § 68.87 Contractors. (a) Application. This... specialty work on or adjacent to a covered process. It does not apply to contractors providing incidental...

Ventilation-perfusion-lungscintigraphy using PET and {sup 68}Ga-labeled radiopharmaceuticals; Ventilations-Perfusions-Lungenszintigraphie mit der PET und {sup 68}Ga-markierten Radiopharmaka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kotzerke, J. [Technische Univ. Dresden (Germany). Klinik und Poliklinik fuer Nuklearmedizin; Technische Univ. Dresden (Germany). OncoRay - Zentrum fuer Innovationskompetenz Strahlenforschung in der Onkologie; Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V. (FZR) (Germany). PET-Zentrum; Andreeff, M.; Wunderlich, G.; Zoephel, K. [Technische Univ. Dresden (Germany). Klinik und Poliklinik fuer Nuklearmedizin; Wiggermann, P. [Technische Univ. Dresden (Germany). Inst. und Poliklinik fuer Diagnostische Radiologie

2010-07-01

Aim: Imaging of lung perfusion with positron emission tomography (PET) is already possible with {sup 68}Ga labeled denaturized albumin. The purpose of our study was to produce and test a {sup 68}Ga labeled aerosol (Galligas {sup registered}) for ventilation and {sup 68}Ga labeled albumin particles (microspheres) for perfusion imaging with PET. Patients, methods: Galligas was produced by simmering and burning generator eluted {sup 68}Ga solution (100 MBq/0.1ml) in an ordinary technegas generator. Fifteen patients with suspicion on pulmonary embolism underwent PET/CT (Biograph 16) after inhalation of Galligas and application of {sup 68}Ga labeled microspheres. A low dose CT was acquired for attenuation correction (AC). Images were reconstructed with and without AC. The inhaled activity was calculated compared to the activity injected. Results: Inhaled radioaerosol Galligas demonstrated typical distribution as known from {sup 99m}Tc-labeled technegas with homogeneous distribution in lung without hilar deposits. Attenuation corrected images resulted in artefacts in the lung base. Therefore, non-corrected images were used for making the results. Three out of fifteen patients showed a deficient perfusion whereas ventilation was normal corresponding to pulmonary embolism. Conclusion: Lung scintigraphy with PET is feasible. Galligas is simple to produce (analogously to technegas). {sup 68}Ga labeled microspheres are available. The method is applicable to daily routine and rendered clinically relevant informations. (orig.)

Development of a production scale purification of Ge-68 from irradiated gallium metal

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fitzsimmons, Jonathan M.; Mausner, Leonard [Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY (United States)

2015-05-01

Germanium-68 (Ge-68) is produced by proton irradiation of a gallium metal target and purified by organic extraction. The Ge-68 can be used in a medical isotope generator to produce Gallium-68 (Ga-68) which can be used to radiolabel PET imaging agents. The emerging use of Ge-68 in the Ga-68 medical isotope generator has caused us to develop a new purification method for Ge-68 that does not use toxic solvents. The purpose of this work was to develop a production scale separation of Ge-68 that utilizes a leaching step to remove a bulk of the gallium metal, followed by purification with Sephadex {sup copyright} G25. Production scale (300 mCi) purification was performed with the new method. The purified Ge-68 contained the highest radioactivity concentration of Ge-68 produced at BNL; the sample meet Department of Energy specifications and the method had an excellent recovery of Ge-68.

28 CFR 68.25 - Subpoenas.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... BEFORE ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGES IN CASES INVOLVING ALLEGATIONS OF UNLAWFUL EMPLOYMENT OF ALIENS, UNFAIR IMMIGRATION-RELATED EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES, AND DOCUMENT FRAUD § 68.25 Subpoenas. (a) An Administrative Law... testimony of witnesses and production of things including, but not limited to, papers, books, documents...

40 CFR 68.10 - Applicability.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS General § 68.10 Applicability. (a) An owner or operator of a stationary source that has more than a threshold quantity of a regulated substance in a process, as determined under...

40 CFR 68.190 - Updates.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Risk Management Plan § 68.190 Updates. (a) The owner or operator shall... later than the date on which a new regulated substance is first present in an already covered process...

Targeting post-infarct inflammation by PET imaging: comparison of 68Ga-citrate and 68Ga-DOTATATE with 18F-FDG in a mouse model

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thackeray, James T.; Bankstahl, Jens P.; Walte, Almut; Wittneben, Alexander; Bengel, Frank M.; Wang, Yong; Korf-Klingebiel, Mortimer; Wollert, Kai C.

2015-01-01

Imaging of inflammation early after myocardial infarction (MI) is a promising approach to the guidance of novel molecular interventions that support endogenous healing processes. 18 F-FDG PET has been used, but may be complicated by physiological myocyte uptake. We evaluated the potential of two alternative imaging targets: lactoferrin binding by 68 Ga-citrate and somatostatin receptor binding by 68 Ga-DOTATATE. C57Bl/6 mice underwent permanent coronary artery ligation. Serial PET imaging was performed 3 - 7 days after MI using 68 Ga-citrate, 68 Ga-DOTATATE, or 18 F-FDG with ketamine/xylazine suppression of myocyte glucose uptake. Myocardial perfusion was evaluated by 13 N-ammonia PET and cardiac geometry by contrast-enhanced ECG-gated CT. Mice exhibited a perfusion defect of 30 - 40 % (of the total left ventricle) with apical anterolateral wall akinesia and thinning on day 7 after MI. 18 F-FDG with ketamine/xylazine suppression demonstrated distinct uptake in the infarct region, as well as in the border zone and remote myocardium. The myocardial standardized uptake value in MI mice was significantly higher than in healthy mice under ketamine/xylazine anaesthesia (1.9 ± 0.4 vs. 1.0 ± 0.1). 68 Ga images exhibited high blood pool activity with no specific myocardial uptake up to 90 min after injection (tissue-to-blood contrast 0.9). 68 Ga-DOTATATE was rapidly cleared from the blood, but myocardial SUV was very low (0.10 ± 0.03). Neither 68 Ga nor 68 Ga-DOTATATE is a useful alternative to 18 F-FDG for PET imaging of myocardial inflammation after MI in mice. Among the three tested approaches, 18 F-FDG with ketamine/xylazine suppression of cardiomyocyte uptake remains the most practical imaging marker of post-infarct inflammation. (orig.)

Associations Between Fathers' and Sons' Sexual Risk in Rural Kenya: The Potential for Intergenerational Transmission.

Science.gov (United States)

Giusto, Ali M; Green, Eric P; Puffer, Eve S

2017-08-01

Despite high rates of HIV in areas of Sub-Saharan Africa and men's role in driving the epidemic, little is known about whether or how sexual risk-both behaviors and beliefs-may be passed down through generations of males. This study examined associations between sexual risk behaviors and sex-related beliefs of adolescent males and those of their male caregivers in Kenya, as well as the potential moderating effects of parenting characteristics and father-son relationship quality. Cross-sectional linear regression analysis was applied to baseline data from a trial of a family- and church-based intervention for families in rural Kenya that followed a stepped-wedge cluster randomized design. Our subsample consisted of 79 male caregiver and son (aged 10-16 years) dyads. Results demonstrated a direct relationship between fathers' and sons' sex-related beliefs that was not moderated by parenting or quality of father-son relationship. Parenting/relationship characteristics did moderate the relationship between fathers' and sons' sexual behavior; if fathers did not engage in high-risk sex and exhibited more positive parenting/higher relationship quality, their sons were less likely to be sexually active. Among fathers having high-risk sex, parenting was unrelated to sons' behavior except at very high levels of positive parenting/relationship quality; at these levels, sons were actually more likely to have had sex. Findings support recommendations to include male caregivers in youth HIV prevention efforts, potentially by targeting fathers' parenting strategies and their individual risk. Copyright © 2017 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

41 CFR 105-68.510 - Who maintains the EPLS?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Regulations System (Continued) GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION Regional Offices-General Services Administration 68-GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Excluded Parties List System § 105-68... nonprocurement or procurement debarment and suspension system, the agency enters the information about the...

Has Their Son Been Vaccinated? Beliefs About Other Parents Matter for Human Papillomavirus Vaccine.

Science.gov (United States)

Schuler, Christine L; Coyne-Beasley, Tamera

2016-07-01

The goal of this study was to determine if parents' beliefs about social norms of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for sons were associated with knowledge of HPV, intention to vaccinate sons, or beliefs about side effects. A cross-sectional, survey-based study of parents with sons was performed in 2010. Fisher's exact tests were used to examine associations between demographics and responses about social norms. Multivariate logistic regression models examined beliefs about social norms of male HPV vaccination and primary outcomes. Few parents agreed that others were vaccinating sons (n = 31/267, 12%), including 1% responding strongly agree and 11% responding agree. Most parents, 52%, disagreed that others were vaccinating (40% disagree, 11% strongly disagree), and 37% chose prefer not to answer regarding others' vaccination practices. Hispanic parents and those with a high school education or less were significantly more likely to choose prefer not to answer than their respective counterparts regarding vaccination norms. In multivariate models, parents agreeing others were vaccinating sons had greater odds of having high knowledge of HPV (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] high vs low knowledge 3.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13, 8.77) and increased intention to vaccinate sons (n = 243, aOR = 4.41, 95% CI = 1.51, 12.89). Beliefs about side effects were not significantly associated with beliefs about social norms. Parents' beliefs about others' vaccination practices are important with regard to knowledge of HPV and intention to vaccinate sons. Studying how various public messages about HPV vaccine may influence normative beliefs could be relevant to improving vaccination coverage. © The Author(s) 2015.

Enterovirus D68 detection in respiratory specimens: Association with severe disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Engelmann, Ilka; Fatoux, Marie; Lazrek, Mouna; Alidjinou, Enagnon K; Mirand, Audrey; Henquell, Cécile; Dewilde, Anny; Hober, Didier

2017-07-01

Molecular techniques increased the number of documented respiratory infections. In a substantial number of cases the causative agent remains undetected. Since August 2014, an increase in Enterovirus(EV)-D68 infections was reported. We aimed to investigate epidemiology and clinical relevance of EV-D68. From June to December 2014 and from September to December 2015, 803 and 847 respiratory specimens, respectively, were tested for respiratory viruses with a multiplex RT-PCR. This multiplex RT-PCR does not detect EV-D68. Therefore, 457 (2014) and 343 (2015) specimens with negative results were submitted to an EV-specific-RT-PCR. EV-positive specimens were tested with an EV-D68-specific-RT-PCR and genotyped. Eleven specimens of 2014 tested positive in the EV-specific-RT-PCR and of these seven were positive in the EV-D68-specific-RT-PCR. Typing confirmed these as EV-D68. Median age of EV-D68-positive patients was 3 years (1 month-91 years). Common symptoms included fever (n = 6, 86%), respiratory distress (n = 5, 71%), and cough (n = 4, 57%). All EV-D68-positive patients were admitted to hospital, 4 (57%) were admitted to intensive care units and 6 (86%) received oxygen. One patient suffered from acute flaccid paralysis. Seven specimens of 2015 were positive in the EV-specific-RT-PCR but negative in the EV-D68-specific-RT-PCR. In conclusion, use of an EV-specific-RT-PCR allowed us to detect EV-D68 circulation in autumn 2014 that was not detected by the multiplex RT-PCR and was associated with severe disease. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

40 CFR 68.150 - Submission.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Risk Management Plan § 68.150 Submission. (a) The owner or operator shall... processes. The RMP shall be submitted in the method and format to the central point specified by EPA as of...

Determination of 68Ga production parameters by different reactions ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

function of 68Zn(p, n)68Ga reaction was compared with the reported ... 2.1.1 Brief description of nuclear models applied for cross-section calculations ... tion of isotope impurities is not possible by chemical methods, so this reaction is.

41 CFR 105-68.950 - Excluded Parties List System

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... System 105-68.950 Section 105-68.950 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management Regulations System (Continued) GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION Regional Offices-General Services... General Services Administration (GSA) containing the names and other information about persons who are...

Ga2O for target, solvent extraction for radiochemical separation and SnO2 for the preparation of a 68Ge/68Ga generator

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aardaneh, K.; Walt, T.N. van der

2006-01-01

The target for the production of 68 Ge consists of a disc of gallium suboxide, Ga 2 O, with a 19 mm diameter. The suboxide was primarily prepared by repeatedly mixing metallic Ga and Ga 2 O 3 at 700 deg C. The target (2.4 g) was quite stable under a long-time irradiation with a 34 MeV proton beam at a current of ∼80 μA. The dissolution of the target was performed using 12M sulphuric acid solution, assisted with the dropwise addition of 30% H 2 O 2 solution, and took less than 4 hours. A solvent extraction method, using a 9M H 2 SO 4 - 0.3M HCl/CCl 4 system, was employed for the radiochemical separation of 68 Ge from Ga and Zn radionuclides, while 0.05M HCl was used for the back extraction of 68 Ge from the organic phase. The 68 Ge obtained in the dilute HCl was directly loaded onto a column containing either a hydrous tin dioxide or a crystalline tin dioxide, obtained by calcinations of the hydrous oxide at 450, 700, and 900 deg C. The calcinated hydrous tin dioxide at 900 deg C showed the highest crystallinity and highest 68 Ga elution yield and was selected for use in the generator. The 68 Ga elution from the column generator packed with 2 g of tin dioxide, using 3 ml of 1M HCl, and yielded an average of 65%. The breakthrough of 68 Ge was 6.1 x 10 -4 %. (author)

CERN SOLAR CLUB

CERN Multimedia

Solar Club

2011-01-01

Le club tiendra son Assemblée générale le mercredi 13 avril 2011 à la suite de la conférence organisée par l'Association du personnel Sur la route du soleil levant Une première en vélo électrique solaire qui a lieu à 18 h 30 * * * * * * L’AG aura donc lieu vers 20 h 15. Ordre du jour habituel avec comptes rendus des Activités et finances, et présentations des projets pour le futur. Rejoignez-nous pour parler du solaire et des énergies renouvelables en général, proposer des projets et y participer. L’AG se termine avec le verre de l'amitié !

The rise of the daughter-in-law: Why son preference is weakening in ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

2012-11-13

Nov 13, 2012 ... Millions of women are 'missing' because they die in much larger ... This means that the population of Bangladesh, along with that of India and Pakistan, ... Sons, on the other hand, were considered insurance against poverty in old age. ... sons would defy child mortality rates to look after their aged parents.

La croissance demographique et son impact sur le developpement ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

La croissance demographique et son impact sur le developpement des grandes villes au ... La ville de Porto-Novo au Bénin n'est pas en marge de cette réalité que ... and the need for improving its framework of life through its development.

16 CFR 5.68 - Judicial review.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... CONDUCT Disciplinary Actions Concerning Postemployment Conflict of Interest § 5.68 Judicial review. A respondent against whom the Commission has issued an order imposing disciplinary action under this part may...

Andrew Wyeth and N.C. Wyeth: a psychodynamic perspective on father and son.

Science.gov (United States)

Shaw, Jon A

2013-01-01

This paper examines the relationship between two extraordinary artists, father and son--N.C. Wyeth (1882-1945) and Andrew Wyeth (1917-2009)--and their art. N.C. Wyeth, the father, the most famous illustrator of his day, painted scenes full of drama and action, often of men engaged in violent life and death struggles. N.C. was unable to separate from his powerful mother and yearned for his iconic father. He thought himself an artistic failure and dedicated himself to raising his children to be geniuses. The youngest son, Andrew Wyeth, who lived a "secret life," painted scenes often characterized by pathos: bleak and barren landscapes, leaden skies, tire tracks, gray framed houses, desiccated fields, and circling buzzards. In the father-son relationship, we often seen three themes perpetuated developmentally: (1) the son's identification with the innermost conflicts of his father; (2) the yearning for the iconic father of his youth; and (3) a continuation and disavowal of his father's life. These themes are played out in the relationship between Andrew Wyeth and his father.

A mouse model of paralytic myelitis caused by enterovirus D68.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alison M Hixon

2017-02-01

Full Text Available In 2014, the United States experienced an epidemic of acute flaccid myelitis (AFM cases in children coincident with a nationwide outbreak of enterovirus D68 (EV-D68 respiratory disease. Up to half of the 2014 AFM patients had EV-D68 RNA detected by RT-PCR in their respiratory secretions, although EV-D68 was only detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF from one 2014 AFM patient. Given previously described molecular and epidemiologic associations between EV-D68 and AFM, we sought to develop an animal model by screening seven EV-D68 strains for the ability to induce neurological disease in neonatal mice. We found that four EV-D68 strains from the 2014 outbreak (out of five tested produced a paralytic disease in mice resembling human AFM. The remaining 2014 strain, as well as 1962 prototype EV-D68 strains Fermon and Rhyne, did not produce, or rarely produced, paralysis in mice. In-depth examination of the paralysis caused by a representative 2014 strain, MO/14-18947, revealed infectious virus, virion particles, and viral genome in the spinal cords of paralyzed mice. Paralysis was elicited in mice following intramuscular, intracerebral, intraperitoneal, and intranasal infection, in descending frequency, and was associated with infection and loss of motor neurons in the anterior horns of spinal cord segments corresponding to paralyzed limbs. Virus isolated from spinal cords of infected mice transmitted disease when injected into naïve mice, fulfilling Koch's postulates in this model. Finally, we found that EV-D68 immune sera, but not normal mouse sera, protected mice from development of paralysis and death when administered prior to viral challenge. These studies establish an experimental model to study EV-D68-induced myelitis and to better understand disease pathogenesis and develop potential therapies.

28 CFR 68.28 - Authority of Administrative Law Judge.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

....28 Section 68.28 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) RULES OF PRACTICE AND... UNLAWFUL EMPLOYMENT OF ALIENS, UNFAIR IMMIGRATION-RELATED EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES, AND DOCUMENT FRAUD § 68.28... so, any pertinent book, paper, or document, or refuses to appear after having been subpoenaed, or...

Studies of the chemical behavior of carrier-free 68Ge. Pt. 1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mirzadeh, S.; Kahn, M.; Grant, P.M.; O'Brien, H.A. Jr.

1981-01-01

The diagnostic utilization of the 68 Ge- 68 Ga system in nuclear medicine stimulated the development of a rapid and efficient method for the purification of carrier-free 68 Ge. A standard procedure for the separation of macroscopic quantities for germanium from numerous other elements involves the distillation of Ge(IV) from HCl solution. The applicability of this method for the purification of carrier-free 68 Ge was studied, and it was found that 68 Ge quantitatively and conveniently distills from azetropic HCl. The distillation of 68 Ge from LiCl-HClO 4 , HCl-LiCl, and HCl-HClO 4 systems was also investigated. (orig.) [de

28 CFR 68.15 - Intervenor in unfair immigration-related employment cases.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... employment cases. 68.15 Section 68.15 Judicial Administration DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (CONTINUED) RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE FOR ADMINISTRATIVE HEARINGS BEFORE ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGES IN CASES INVOLVING... FRAUD § 68.15 Intervenor in unfair immigration-related employment cases. The Special Counsel, or any...

(68)Ga-DOTATATE PET in juvenile angiofibroma.

Science.gov (United States)

Gronkiewicz, Zuzanna; Kukwa, Wojciech; Krolicki, Leszek; Cyran-Chlebicka, Agata; Pawlak, Dariusz; Stankiewicz, Czeslaw; Krzeski, Antoni; Górnicka, Barbara; Wolosz, Dominika; Kunikowska, Jolanta

2016-06-01

As somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) may be overexpressed in rapidly growing vessels, the aim of this study was the analysis of in vivo and in vitro SSTR2A expression in juvenile angiofibroma (JA). A group of six male adolescents with a diagnosis of primary, recurrent/residual JA was enrolled in the study. All patients underwent (68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/computed tomography (CT) followed by immunohistochemical staining for SSTR expression. (68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT showed accumulation in areas matching the pathologic tissue in the nasopharynx of all patients studied with SUVmax of 5.1 ± 0.9 (ranging from 3.6 to 6.4). In all cases, the immunohistochemical examination showed a presence of SSTR2A with a high staining index. In vitro SSTR2A cytoplasm expression was found to be high in all tumor specimens. However, the uptake of (68)Ga-DOTATATE was weak in the PET/CT studies. We postulate that the intracellular localization of the SSTR2A in JA may cause this discrepancy.

FACTORES DE ÉXITO EN 68 PROYECTOS COLOMBIANOS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luz Marina Sanchez Ayala

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo analiza las variables que impactan de manera positiva o negativa la gestión de proyectos, a partir de la revisión teórica de los diferentes informes realizados a nivel internacional. Los resultados obtenidos son estudiados por medio de un análisis descriptivo y exploratorio realizado en el contexto de la realidad empresarial colombiana, detallando las causas más frecuentes de éxitos y fracaso en los proyectos. El estudio por medio de información recolectada, indaga en un grupo de empresas como estas variables son manejadas al interior de las organizaciones y cuáles son los mecanismos que han desarrollado para gestionarlas. Con base en las conclusiones obtenidas, se documentan los lineamientos y mecanismos públicos y privados que brindan apoyo sobre las variables transcendentales y así brindar al proceso de gerencia de proyectos herramientas efectivas para la gestión del riesgo en Colombia.

Der Sinn des Wahns : Der Mad Scientist und die unmögliche Wissenschaft

OpenAIRE

Keller, Felix

2004-01-01

Der Text untersucht die Herkunft des verrückten Wissenschaftlers, des Mad Scientist, so wie er in den populären Kultur zelebriert wird. Es wird die Auffassung vertreten, dass der Ursprung der Figur im romantischen Mythos des Genies liegt. Doch wie und weshalb ist es dann zu dieser seltsamen Mutation zum verrückten Wissenschaftler gekommen? Und was berichtet diese Figur über die Wahrnehmung von Wissenschaft?

28 CFR 68.41 - Official notice.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... ALIENS, UNFAIR IMMIGRATION-RELATED EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES, AND DOCUMENT FRAUD § 68.41 Official notice... so noticed, and shall be given adequate opportunity to show the contrary. [54 FR 48596, Nov. 24, 1989...

Emergence of enterovirus D68 in Denmark, June 2014 to February 2015

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Midgley, S E; Christiansen, C B; Poulsen, M W

2015-01-01

From June 2014 through February 2015, respiratory samples from 130 Danish patients were screened for enterovirus D68 (EV-D68). Fourteen EV-D68 cases were detected, of which 12 presented with respiratory symptoms, and eight had known underlying disease. The median age of EV-D68 cases was three years...

Older Parents Benefit More in Health Outcome From Daughters' Than Sons' Emotional Care in China.

Science.gov (United States)

Zeng, Yi; Brasher, Melanie Sereny; Gu, Danan; Vaupel, James W

2016-12-01

To examine whether older parents in China would benefit more from daughters' care than from sons' emotional care. Analysis of the unique data sets of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey conducted in 2002, 2005, and 2008-2009 in 22 provinces. As compared with having son(s), having daughter(s) is significantly more beneficial at older ages in China, with regard to maintaining higher cognitive capacity and reducing mortality risk. Such daughter advantages in providing emotional care to older parents are more profound among the oldest-old aged 80+ as compared with the young-old aged 65 to 79 and surprisingly more profound in rural areas as compared with urban areas, even though son preference is much more common among rural residents. We describe how educational campaigns aimed at informing the public about the benefits of daughter(s) for older parents' health outcome could help promote gender equality and reduce traditional son preference, especially in rural China.

45 CFR 400.68 - Notification to local resettlement agency.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Notification to local resettlement agency. 400.68 Section 400.68 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare OFFICE OF REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT, ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES REFUGEE RESETTLEMENT PROGRAM...

The Son Jarocho and Fandango Amidst Struggle and Social Movements: Migratory Transformation and Reinterpretation of the Son Jarocho in La Nueva Espa�a, M�xico, and the United States

OpenAIRE

Hern�ndez, Alexandro David

2014-01-01

This dissertation is a study on the son jarocho and its fandango as a migratory and transformative musical culture between nations and social circumstances. The son jarocho embodies tradition in many cultural practices of society, such as its presence at social rites and at fandangos. However, there exist hidden histories, transcripts of resistance not accounted for in M�xico's official history, of the son jarocho as music of struggle and protest. From censorship, punishment, and imprisonme...

Positron scintigraphy of liver and kidneys with Ga-68-labelled dihydroxyanthraquinones

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schuhmacher, J.; Maier-Borst, W.; Wellmann, H.N.

1980-01-01

The preparation of alizarin (1.2 dihydroxyanthraquinone) and alizarin red S (sodium 1.2 dihydroxyanthraquinone 3 sulfonate) labelled with Ga-68, which is obtained from a new high yield Ge-68/Ga-68 generator, is described. The uptake of Ga-68 alizarin by liver and spleen RES was studied in rats, dogs and humans, and amounted to 80 - 86 % of the administered dose within 5 min after i.v. injection. Ga-68 alizarin red S was preferentially accumulated in the renal parenchyma to an extent of 80 % within 90 min after i.v. administration. Both substances combine simple and fast preparation with the potential advantages of positron scintigraphy. Complete labelling of 1 mCi Ga-68 was achieved by 100 μg of each compound; an amount of substance which is without any known measurable harm to humans. Lsub(D)50 alizarin red S for i.v. injected mice: 70 mg/kg. (author)

Determination of HEPES in 68Ga-labeled peptide solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Revital Sasson; Dan Vaknin; Avihai Bross; Efraim Lavie

2010-01-01

A practical and reliable HPLC method was used for the determination of 2-[4-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]-N'-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) content in the 68 Ga-labeled [1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid]-1-Nal3-octreotide (DOTANOC). Linearity of this method was observed in a concentration range of 0.01-10 mg mL -1 and the quantitative limit (signal to noise = 11) was determined as 10 μg mL -1 . The HEPES concentration in the final products of 68 Ga-DOTANOC was typically lower than the detection limit. Pure water and HEPES buffer as reaction medium were investigated using various activities of gallium-68. It was demonstrated that the presence of HEPES buffer consistently furnished very high radiochemical purity of 68 Ga-DOTANOC, which remained stable for several hours post-labeling. Evidence is provided that in addition to its role as a buffer, HEPES also functions as a radioprotectant agent. (author)

Probing the semi-magicity of $^{68}$Ni via the $^{3}$H($^{66}$Ni,$^{68}$Ni)p two-neutron transfer reaction in inverse kinematics

CERN Multimedia

Reiter, P; Blazhev, A A; Kruecken, R; Franchoo, S; Mertzimekis, T; Darby, I G; Van de walle, J; Raabe, R; Elseviers, J; Gernhaeuser, R A; Sorlin, O H; Georgiev, G P; Bree, N C F; Habs, D; Chapman, R; Gaudefroy, L; Diriken, J V J; Jenkins, D G; Kroell, T; Axiotis, M; Huyse, M L; Patronis, N

We propose to perform the two-neutron transfer reaction $^{3}$H($^{66}$Ni, $^{68}$Ni)$p$ using the ISOLDE radioactive ion beam at 2.7 $A$ MeV and the MINIBALL + T-REX setup to characterize the 0$^{+}$ and 2$^{+}$ states in $^{68}$Ni.

Probing the semi-magicity of $^{68}$Ni via the $^{66}$Ni(t,p)$^{68}$Ni two-neutron transfer reaction in inverse kinematics

CERN Document Server

AUTHOR|(CDS)2079390; Van Duppen, Piet

The region around the nucleus $^{68}$Ni, with a shell closure for its protons at Z=28 and a harmonic oscillator shell gap for its neutrons at N=40, has drawn considerable interest over the past decades. $^{68}$Ni has properties that are typical for a doubly-magic nucleus, such as a high excitation energy and low B($E2:2^{+} \\rightarrow 0^{+}$) transition probability for the first excited 2$^{+}$ level and a 0$^{+}$ level as the first excited state. However, it has been suggested that the magic properties of $^{68}$Ni arise due to the fact that the N=40 separates the negative parity $pf$-shell from the positive parity 1$g_{9/2}$ orbital, and indeed, recent mass measurements have not revealed a clear N = 40 energy gap. Despite all additional information that was acquired over the last decade the specific role of the N=40 is not yet understood and a new experimental approach to study $^{68}$Ni was proposed. Namely, a two-neutron transfer reaction on $^{66}$Ni to characterize and disentangle the structure of the ...

40 CFR 68.126 - Exclusion.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Regulated Substances for Accidental Release Prevention § 68.126 Exclusion. Flammable Substances Used as Fuel or Held for Sale as Fuel at Retail Facilities. A flammable substance... substance is used as a fuel or held for sale as a fuel at a retail facility. [65 FR 13250, Mar. 13, 2000] ...

Development of 68Ga-Glycopeptide as an Imaging Probe for Tumor Angiogenesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ning Tsao

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Objective. This study was aimed to study tissue distribution and tumor imaging potential of 68Ga-glycopeptide (GP in tumor-bearing rodents by PET. Methods. GP was synthesized by conjugating glutamate peptide and chitosan. GP was labeled with 68Ga chloride for in vitro and in vivo studies. Computer outlined region of interest (counts per pixel of the tumor and muscle (at the symmetric site was used to determine tumor-to-muscle count density ratios. To ascertain the feasibility of 68Ga-GP in tumor imaging in large animals, PET/CT imaging of 68Ga-GP and 18F-FDG were conducted in New Zealand white rabbits bearing VX2 tumors. Standard uptake value of tumors were determined by PET up to 45 min. To determine blood clearance and half-life of 68Ga-GP, blood samples were collected from 10 seconds to 20 min. Results. Radiochemical purity of 68Ga-GP determined by instant thin-layer chromatography was >95%. Tumor uptake values (SUV for 68Ga-GP and 18F-FDG in New Zealand white rabbits bearing VX2 tumors were 3.25 versus 7.04. PET images in tumor-bearing rats and rabbits confirmed that 68Ga-GP could assess tumor uptake. From blood clearance curve, the half-life of 68Ga-GP was 1.84 hr. Conclusion Our data indicate that it is feasible to use 68Ga-GP to assess tumor angiogenesis.

The Power of a Single Mother: The Influence of Black Women on Their Sons' Academic Performance

Science.gov (United States)

Robinson, Quintin L.; Werblow, Jacob

2013-01-01

This study examines the ways single Black mothers contribute to the educational success of their 11th-grade sons, despite the fact that their sons are enrolled in "failing schools." Data from five interviews and one focus group reveal common characteristics of how single-Black mothers help their sons beat the odds.

Contribution to the study of stimulated emission in neodymium-doped glass; Contribution a l'etude de l'emission stimulee dans le verre dope au neodyme

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jego, J M [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Limeil-Brevannes (France). Centre d' Etudes; Faculte des Sciences de Rennes, 35 (France)

1969-07-01

annees pour voir les premieres realisations. Le maser fonctionnant dans le domaine des ondes micrometriques apparait en 1954. Dans le domaine optique, le premier 'LASER' est realise par MAIMAN en 1960. L'atome actif etait le chrome au sein d'une matrice d'alumine (rubis). le monocristal fluorescent etait place entre deux reflecteurs charges de maintenir dans le mileu une inversion provoquee de population jusqu'a atteindre les conditions d'emission. L'effet laser a permis de realiser beaucoup de generateurs de raies (plusieurs centaines) couvrant la gamme optique avec les mileux tant gazeux que liquides ou solides. Parmi ceux ci, le neodyme presente une transition entre les niveaux 4 F{sub 3/2} et 4 I{sub 11/2} qui a permis la realisation de lasers de tres grande puissance. Ce travail etudie les conditions de formation d'une impulsion declenchee et de son amplification dans le verre dope au neodyme. Des mesures precises des divers rendements interessants dans ces processus nous ont permis de connaitre la valeur de l'inversion de population realisee dans le milieu et d'etudier le detail de l'emission stimulee. (auteur)

40 CFR 68.25 - Worst-case release scenario analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Hazard Assessment § 68.25 Worst-case release... processes, one worst-case release scenario for each Program 1 process; (2) For Program 2 and 3 processes: (i... toxic substances from covered processes under worst-case conditions defined in § 68.22; (ii) One worst...

STS-68 Mission Insignia

Science.gov (United States)

1994-01-01

This STS-68 patch was designed by artist Sean Collins. Exploration of Earth from space is the focus of the design of the insignia, the second flight of the Space Radar Laboratory (SRL-2). SRL-2 was part of NASA's Mission to Planet Earth (MTPE) project. The world's land masses and oceans dominate the center field, with the Space Shuttle Endeavour circling the globe. The SRL-2 letters span the width and breadth of planet Earth, symbolizing worldwide coverage of the two prime experiments of STS-68: The Shuttle Imaging Radar-C and X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR) instruments; and the Measurement of Air Pollution from Satellites (MAPS) sensor. The red, blue, and black colors of the insignia represent the three operating wavelengths of SIR-C/X-SAR, and the gold band surrounding the globe symbolizes the atmospheric envelope examined by MAPS. The flags of international partners Germany and Italy are shown opposite Endeavour. The relationship of the Orbiter to Earth highlights the usefulness of human space flights in understanding Earth's environment, and the monitoring of its changing surface and atmosphere. In the words of the crew members, the soaring Orbiter also typifies the excellence of the NASA team in exploring our own world, using the tools which the Space Program developed to explore the other planets in the solar system.

Sexy sons: a dead end for cytoplasmic genes.

Science.gov (United States)

Zeh, Jeanne A

2004-08-07

Critics of sexual conflict theory argue that females may gain a net reproductive benefit from mating with manipulative males because the direct costs that they suffer may be offset by the production of sexy, i.e. manipulative, sons. However, this exclusive focus on nuclear gene effects represents an incomplete view of female fitness. Females differ fundamentally from males in transmitting not only nuclear genes but also a wide range of cytoplasmic genetic elements (CGEs) that can have profound effects, from male killing to influencing development of the nervous system and cognitive ability. Maternal transmission of CGEs has two major implications for sexual selection. First, the evolution of male fitness traits, such as sperm competitive ability, may be constrained because response to selection on mitochondrial genomes can occur only through the female line. Second, CGEs bear the direct costs of male manipulation but gain no indirect benefits when females produce sexy sons. This should result in perpetual antagonistic coevolution between nuclear genes involved in male manipulation and CGEs that promote female resistance to male sexually selected traits. Explicit consideration of the consequences of selection acting on CGEs is therefore necessary for a better understanding of the relationship between sexual selection and sexual conflict.

Micromechanisms of Crack Growth in Ceramics and Glasses in Corrosive Environments.

Science.gov (United States)

1980-05-01

Resistance Mecanique du Verre et les Moyens de l’Amelioree, Union Scientifique Continentale du Verre , Charleroix, Belgium, (1962). 8. B. A. Proctor, I...exhibit similar types of delayed failure curves. Failure occurs most rapidly at high loads. Below a critical value of the load known as the stress...fracture for the three types of materials differ greatly. Polymers and metals have plastic zones at their crack tips, so that stress corrosion

Mobilization and Defense Management Technical Reports Series. The Use of Reactivation Networks to Improve Mobilization Preparedness of the Ammunition Industry

Science.gov (United States)

1983-05-01

t~he other hand, VERr -3 has had less publicity and is not as well known as MRP. It is still developing, and in the current application is directly...effort, ARiCOM contracted with Day & Zimmermann, Inc., Kansas Division, Stetter Associates, Le Clair, Iowa to develop a standard networking system...wide variety of reictivation situations which lend themselves "to VERr -3 networking that can be added to the basic networks. The primary networks

Like daughter, like son? Fertility decline and the transformation of gender systems in the family

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Keera Allendorf

2012-10-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND An important question for population research is whether fertility decline transforms gender systems. OBJECTIVE This paper contributes to answering this broad question by examining how fertility decline may change the relative value and roles of daughters versus sons in families. First, I outline theoretical pathways, suggesting that a key factor is the gender composition of families. As fertility declines, the proportion of families with children of only one gender increases, which may facilitate greater gender symmetry between daughters and sons. Second, I explore how fertility decline may be transforming the relative value and roles of sons and daughters in practice in one place. METHODS The analysis draws primarily on semi-structured interviews with 30 respondents living in one Indian village. RESULTS In recent decades, fertility has declined to at least replacement levels. Respondents also perceive changes in the gender system, including less son preference, more equal schooling for sons and daughters, more freedom in marriage and pre-marital relationships, and perhaps greater daughter support of parents in old age. CONCLUSIONS The results describe changes in the relative value, treatment, and behavior of sons and daughters that are consistent with the theorized effects of fertility decline. Future research is needed, however, to determine whether fertility decline makes a unique causal contribution to changes in the gender system.

The Putative Son's Attractiveness Alters the Perceived Attractiveness of the Putative Father.

Science.gov (United States)

Prokop, Pavol

2015-08-01

A body of literature has investigated female mate choice in the pre-mating context (pre-mating sexual selection). Humans, however, are long-living mammals forming pair-bonds which sequentially produce offspring. Post-mating evaluations of a partner's attractiveness may thus significantly influence the reproductive success of men and women. I tested herein the theory that the attractiveness of putative sons provides extra information about the genetic quality of fathers, thereby influencing fathers' attractiveness across three studies. As predicted, facially attractive boys were more frequently attributed to attractive putative fathers and vice versa (Study 1). Furthermore, priming with an attractive putative son increased the attractiveness of the putative father with the reverse being true for unattractive putative sons. When putative fathers were presented as stepfathers, the effect of the boy's attractiveness on the stepfather's attractiveness was lower and less consistent (Study 2). This suggests that the presence of an attractive boy has the strongest effect on the perceived attractiveness of putative fathers rather than on non-fathers. The generalized effect of priming with beautiful non-human objects also exists, but its effect is much weaker compared with the effects of putative biological sons (Study 3). Overall, this study highlighted the importance of post-mating sexual selection in humans and suggests that the heritable attractive traits of men are also evaluated by females after mating and/or may be used by females in mate poaching.

?Cuales son las amenazas o peligros volcanicos?

Science.gov (United States)

Myers, Bobbie; Brantley, Steven R.; Stauffer, Peter; Hendley, James W.

2000-01-01

Los volcanes son capaces de producir numerosos peligros geologicos e hidrologicos. Los cientificos del Servicio Geologico de los EE. UU. (USGS, por sus siglas en ingles) y de otras instituciones alrededor del mundo estan estudiando los peligros de muchos de los centenares de volcanes activos y potencialmente activos del mundo. Estos cientificos vigilan muy de cerca la actividad de algunos de los volcanes mas peligrosos, por lo que estan preparados para alertar a las autoridades y/o a la poblacion en caso de que aumente sustancialmente la probabilidad de que ocurra una erupcion u otro evento peligroso.

"There is such a thing as too many daughters, but not too many sons": A qualitative study of son preference and fetal sex selection among Indian immigrants in the United States.

Science.gov (United States)

Puri, Sunita; Adams, Vincanne; Ivey, Susan; Nachtigall, Robert D

2011-04-01

In response to concerns from feminists, demographers, bioethicists, journalists, and health care professionals, the Indian government passed legislation in 1994 and 2003 prohibiting the use of sex selection technology and sex-selective abortion. In contrast, South Asian families immigrating to the United States find themselves in an environment where reproductive choice is protected by law and technologies enabling sex selection are readily available. Yet there has been little research exploring immigrant Indian women's narratives about the pressure they face to have sons, the process of deciding to utilize sex selection technologies, and the physical and emotional health implications of both son preference and sex selection. We undertook semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 65 immigrant Indian women in the United States who had pursued fetal sex selection on the East and West coasts of the United States between September 2004 and December 2009. Women spoke of son preference and sex selection as separate though intimately related phenomena, and the major themes that arose during interviews included the sociocultural roots of son preference; women's early socialization around the importance of sons; the different forms of pressure to have sons that women experienced from female in-laws and husbands; the spectrum of verbal and physical abuse that women faced when they did not have male children and/or when they found out they were carrying a female fetus; and the ambivalence with which women regarded their own experience of reproductive "choice." We found that 40% of the women interviewed had terminated prior pregnancies with female fetuses and that 89% of women carrying female fetuses in their current pregnancy pursued an abortion. These narratives highlight the interaction between medical technology and the perpetuation of this specific form of violence against women in an immigrant context where women are both the assumed beneficiaries of reproductive choice

Formulation of DOTATATE Cold Kit for Preparation of Ga-68 Radiopharmaceutical

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sriwiang, W.; Duangta, T.; Kaeopookum, P.; Wongsanit, S.

2014-01-01

Radiolabeled somatostatin analogs of peptide receptors targeting tumor cells have become a common practice in the diagnosis and treatment of certain types of cancer. The aim of this research was to develop the cold kit to be label with Ga-68 radionuclide for neuroendocrine tumor imaging. DOTATATE peptide for somatostatin receptor was formulated with NaOAc and ascorbic acid into lyophilized form. Radiochemical purity (RCP) of 68 Ga-DOTATATE labeled complex prepared from the cold kit was determined during storage period of 5 months and evaluated before clinical application to EANM guideline. The %RCP of the labeled peptide was more than 95% throughout period of storage with Ge-68 breakthrough less than 0.001%. The peptide content calculated from peak area of standard DOTATATE calibration curve using HPLC at uv 220 nm was found to be 15.3±4.62 μg. The specific activity of 68 Ga-DOTATATE, which depended on activities eluted from generator, was 34.7 - 52 MBq/nmol-peptide. The pH of the Ga-68 radiopharmaceutical kit after dilution with phosphate-buffered saline was 5.0 - 5.3. These results demonstrated that preparing of 68 Ga-DOTATATE radiopharmaceutical from lyophilized kit presented in this study was suitable and convenient method obtaining high radiochemical purity of short half-life Ga-68 radionuclide.

41 CFR 105-68.350 - What must I do if I learn of information required under § 105-68.335 after entering into a...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... General Services Administration? 105-68.350 Section 105-68.350 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management Regulations System (Continued) GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION Regional... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false What must I do if I...

Independent Contributions of Early Positive Parenting and Mother-Son Coercion on Emerging Social Development.

Science.gov (United States)

Akcinar, Berna; Shaw, Daniel S

2018-06-01

In the current study, we explored associations between parent-child coercion and positive parenting in the toddler period in relation to children's social-behavioral development during the school-age period. The data were drawn from the Pitt Mother & Child Project, a sample of 310 low-income, ethnically diverse boys. Drawing on tenets of both attachment and social learning theory, it was hypothesized that coercive mother-son interaction would lead to reductions in positive maternal parenting in the toddler period, and that both positive parenting and mother-son coercion in the toddler period would contribute to children's conduct problems at school entry and lower social skills and peer rejection in middle childhood. The results were largely confirmed, such that mother-son coercive interaction at 18 months was related to decreases in positive parenting at 24 months. Additionally, mother-son coercive interaction and positive parenting at 24 months were linked to child conduct problems at age 5, which in turn predicted child social skills and peer rejection during middle childhood. In addition to indirect effects through child conduct problems, mother-son coercion continued to be independently related to school-age peer rejection. The findings are discussed with respect to the importance of early coercive interactions in the growth of child social-behavioral development from early to middle childhood.

Sons fricativos surdos Voiceless fricatives sounds

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carla Aparecida Cielo

2008-01-01

Full Text Available TEMA: características dos sons fricativos surdos. OBJETIVO: propor uma revisão da literatura pertinente às características acústicas, fonéticas e fonológicas dos fonemas fricativos surdos que integram o sistema fonológico do Português. Além disso, são descritas suas aplicações na terapia vocal. CONCLUSÕES: os fricativos são fonemas agudos, abrangendo de 2500 a 8000Hz; são plenamente adquiridos até os 3:7 anos de idade; o /s/ que também é o mais afetado em casos de frênulo lingual curto; a omissão do /s/ é uma das ocorrências mais freqüentes na alfabetização; sendo que, no desvio fonológico e na fissura lábio-palatina, freqüentemente ocorre comprometimento de toda a classe de fricativos. Na avaliação de voz, os fricativos são mencionados com as medidas de TMF e relação s/z, bem como seu uso como sons de apoio na fonoterapia.BACKGROUND: characteristics of voiceless fricative sounds PURPOSE: to review the literature related to acoustic, phonetics and phonological characteristics of voiceless fricative sounds that are part of the phonological system of the Portuguese Language. Furthermore, it describes the use of these sounds in voice therapy. CONCLUSIONS: fricatives are acute phonemes comprised between 2500 and 8000 Hz; they are fully acquired up to the age of 3:7 years; the /s/, which is the most affected in cases of short lingual frenum; omission of the /s/ is one of the most frequent occurrences during literacy education; and in the phonological deviation and labial-palatine fissure the entire class of fricatives is frequently affected. In voice assessment, fricative sounds are mentioned as TMF measurements and s/z relationship, and their use as support sounds in speech therapy.

Organ biodistribution of Germanium-68 in rat in the presence and absence of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC for the extrapolation to the human organ and whole-body radiation dosimetry

Science.gov (United States)

Velikyan, Irina; Antoni, Gunnar; Sörensen, Jens; Estrada, Sergio

2013-01-01

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and in particular gallium-68 (68Ga) applications are growing exponentially worldwide contributing to the expansion of nuclear medicine and personalized management of patients. The significance of 68Ga utility is reflected in the implementation of European Pharmacopoeia monographs. However, there is one crucial point in the monographs that might limit the use of the generators and consequently expansion of 68Ga applications and that is the limit of 0.001% of Germanium-68 (68Ge(IV)) radioactivity content in a radiopharmaceutical. We have investigated the organ distribution of 68Ge(IV) in rat and estimated human dosimetry parameters in order to provide experimental evidence for the determination and justification of the 68Ge(IV) limit. Male and female rats were injected in the tail vein with formulated [68Ge]GeCl4 in the absence or presence of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC. The tissue radioactivity distribution data was extrapolated for the estimation of human organ equivalent doses and total effective dose using Organ Level Internal Dose Assessment Code software (OLINDA/EXM). 68Ge(IV) was evenly distributed among the rat organs and fast renal excretion prevailed. Human organ equivalent dose and total effective dose estimates indicated that the kidneys were the dose-limiting organs (185±54 μSv/MBq for female and 171±38 μSv/MBq for male) and the total effective dose was 15.5±0.1 and 10.7±1.2 μSv/MBq, respectively for female and male. The results of this dosimetry study conclude that the 68Ge(IV) limit currently recommended by monographs could be increased considerably (>100 times) without exposing the patient to harm given the small absorbed doses to normal organs and fast excretion. PMID:23526484

40 CFR 68.52 - Operating procedures.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

...) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Program 2 Prevention Program § 68.52 Operating procedures. (a) The... for safely conducting activities associated with each covered process consistent with the safety information for that process. Operating procedures or instructions provided by equipment manufacturers or...

Plasma membrane ordering agent pluronic F-68 (PF-68) reduces neurotransmitter uptake and release and produces learning and memory deficits in rats

Science.gov (United States)

Clarke, M. S.; Prendergast, M. A.; Terry, A. V. Jr

1999-01-01

A substantial body of evidence indicates that aged-related changes in the fluidity and lipid composition of the plasma membrane contribute to cellular dysfunction in humans and other mammalian species. In the CNS, reductions in neuronal plasma membrane order (PMO) (i.e., increased plasma membrane fluidity) have been attributed to age as well as the presence of the beta-amyloid peptide-25-35, known to play an important role in the neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). These PMO increases may influence neurotransmitter synthesis, receptor binding, and second messenger systems as well as signal transduction pathways. The effects of neuronal PMO on learning and memory processes have not been adequately investigated, however. Based on the hypothesis that an increase in PMO may alter a number of aspects of synaptic transmission, we investigated several neurochemical and behavioral effects of the membrane ordering agent, PF-68. In cell culture, PF-68 (nmoles/mg SDS extractable protein) reduced [3H]norepinephrine (NE) uptake into differentiated PC-12 cells as well as reduced nicotine stimulated [3H]NE release. The compound (800-2400 microg/kg, i.p., resulting in nmoles/mg SDS extractable protein in the brain) decreased step-through latencies and increased the frequencies of crossing into the unsafe side of the chamber in inhibitory avoidance training. In the Morris water maze, PF-68 increased the latencies and swim distances required to locate a hidden platform and reduced the time spent and distance swam in the previous target quadrant during transfer (probe) trials. PF-68 did not impair performance of a well-learned working memory task, the rat delayed stimulus discrimination task (DSDT), however. Studies with 14C-labeled PF-68 indicated that significant (pmoles/mg wet tissue) levels of the compound entered the brain from peripheral (i.p.) injection. No PF-68 related changes were observed in swim speeds or in visual acuity tests in water maze experiments, rotorod

Major ion chemistry of the Son River, India: Weathering processes ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

solute flux and CDR values. The water chemistry indicates that the Son River water is good to excellent .... to separate suspended sediments and preserved at. 4◦C for further ...... and waste water, 20th edn; American Public Health. Association ...

40 CFR 68.50 - Hazard review.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Program 2 Prevention Program § 68.50 Hazard review. (a) The owner or operator shall conduct a review of the hazards associated with the regulated substances, process, and...

Paternal antisocial behavior and sons' cognitive ability: a population-based quasiexperimental study.

Science.gov (United States)

Latvala, Antti; Kuja-Halkola, Ralf; Långström, Niklas; Lichtenstein, Paul

2015-01-01

Parents' antisocial behavior is associated with developmental risks for their offspring, but its effects on their children's cognitive ability are unknown. We used linked Swedish register data for a large sample of adolescent men (N = 1,177,173) and their parents to estimate associations between fathers' criminal-conviction status and sons' cognitive ability assessed at compulsory military conscription. Mechanisms behind the association were tested in children-of-siblings models across three types of sibling fathers with increasing genetic relatedness (half-siblings, full siblings, and monozygotic twins) and in quantitative genetic models. Sons whose fathers had a criminal conviction had lower cognitive ability than sons whose fathers had no conviction (any crime: Cohen's d = -0.28; violent crime: Cohen's d = -0.49). As models adjusted for more genetic factors, the association was gradually reduced and eventually eliminated. Nuclear-family environmental factors did not contribute to the association. Our results suggest that the association between men's antisocial behavior and their children's cognitive ability is not causal but is due mostly to underlying genetic factors. © The Author(s) 2014.

Major ion chemistry of the Son River, India: Weathering processes ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Major ion chemistry of the Son River, India: Weathering processes, dissolved fluxes and water quality assessment. Chinmaya Maharana, Sandeep Kumar Gautam,. Abhay Kumar Singh and Jayant K Tripathi. J. Earth Syst. Sci. 124(6) cO Indian Academy of Sciences. Supplementary data ...

Single vial kit formulation for preparation of PET radiopharmaceutical. 68Ga-DOTA-TOC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Archana Mukherjee; Usha Pandey; Rubel Chakravarty; Ashutosh Dash; Haladhar Dev Sarma

2014-01-01

This paper describes the development of a lyophilized cold kit of DOTA-[Tyr 3 ]-Octreotide (DOTA-TOC) for instant compounding of 68 Ga-DOTA-TOC, suitable for diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors. The work involved formulation of DOTA-TOC kits, optimization of radiolabeling, quality control of 68 Ga-DOTA-TOC and animal biodistribution studies. The prepared kits enable a reliable method for preparation of 68 Ga-DOTA-TOC of high radiochemical purity and excellent stability. Availability of such kits along with 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generators is expected to stimulate the widespread use of 68 Ga-DOTA-TOC in nuclear medicine practice in developing countries. (author)

...And Kronos Ate His Sons

Science.gov (United States)

Vitiello, Giuseppe

In closed systems, energy is conserved. The origin of the time axis is completely arbitrary due to the invariance under continuous time-translations. The flowing of time swallows those fictitious origins one might assign on its axis, as Kronos ate his sons. Dissipation breaks such a scenario. It implies a non-forgettable origin of time. Open systems need their complement (their "double") in order to become, together, a closed system. Time emerges as an observable measured by the evolution of the open system complement, which acts as a clock. The conservation of the energy-momentum tensor in electrodynamics is considered and its relation with dissipative systems and self-similar fractal structures is discussed. The isomorphism with coherent states in quantum field theory (QFT) is established and the generator of transitions among unitarily inequivalent representations of the canonical commutation relations (CCR) is shown to provide sequences in time of phases, which defines the arrow of time. Merging properties of electrodynamics, fractal self-similarity, dissipation and coherent states point to an integrated vision of Nature.

Modeling of Materials for Energy Storage: A Challenge for Density Functional Theory

Science.gov (United States)

Kaltak, Merzuk; Fernandez-Serra, Marivi; Hybertsen, Mark S.

Hollandite α-MnO2 is a promising material for rechargeable batteries and is studied extensively in the community because of its interesting tunnel structure and the corresponding large capacity for lithium as well as sodium ions. However, the presence of partially reduced Mn ions due to doping with Ag or during lithiation makes hollandite a challenging system for density functional theory and the conventionally employed PBE+U method. A naive attempt to model the ternary system LixAgyMnO2 with density functionals, similar to those employed for the case y = 0 , fails and predicts a strong monoclinic distortion of the experimentally observed tetragonal unit cell for Ag2Mn8O16. Structure and binding energies are compared with experimental data and show the importance of van der Waals interactions as well as the necessity for an accurate description of the cooperative Jan-Teller effects for silver hollandite AgyMnO2. Based on these observations a ternary phase diagram is calculated allowing to predict the physical and chemical properties of LixAgyMnO2, such as stable stoichiometries, open circuit voltages, the formation of Ag metal and the structural change during lithiation. Department of Energy (DOE) under award #DE-SC0012673.

Les Ilenti ou maudire son prochain en turc

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Altan Gokalp

2009-05-01

Full Text Available La langue turque contemporaine dispopse d’un nombre important de formules d’invective et de malédiction qui relèvent d’un genre appelé ilenç ou ilenti, forme qui est connue depuis les premières inscriptions turques runiques de la Haute Asie. Bien que l’islam réprouve le fait de maudire son prochain, le genre issu d’une grande tradition turque ancienne est d’un usage commun chez les Turcs. Plus encore, la manière de maudire relève d’une tradition savante, d’un « Grand Parler » qui s’apparente aux genres littéraires les plus classiques comme l’épopée, le conte ou la poésie lyrique : la métrique, les rimes, l’usage des assonances obéissent aux mêmes règles que la grande tradition littéraire turque. En cela, le fait d’user de l’invective et de la malédiction est d’une certaine manière une prétention à la distinction et à la domination de l’autre. Les cibles de l’invective éclairent bien cette volonté de dominer et de détruire son ennemi (le corps, la famille, la maladie, une mort peu digne, etc..

Preparation and biological studies of 68Ga-DOTA-alendronate

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ashraf Fakhari

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Objective(s: In line with previous research on the development of conjugated bisphosphonate ligands as new bone-avid agents, in this study, DOTA conjugated alendronate (DOTA-ALN was synthesized and evaluated after labeling with gallium-68 (68Ga.Methods: DOTA-ALN was synthesized and characterized, followed by 68Ga-DOTA-ALN preparation, using DOTA-ALN and 68GaCl3 (pH: 4-5 at 92-95°C for 10 min. Stability tests, hydroxyapatite assay, partition coefficient calculation,biodistribution studies, and imaging were performed on the developed agent in normal rats.Results: The complex was prepared with high radiochemical purity (>99% as depicted by radio thin-layer chromatography; specific activity: 310-320GBq/mmol after solid phase purification and was stabilized for up to 90 min with a logP value of -2.91. Maximum ligand binding (65% was observed in the presence of 50 mg of hydroxyapatite; a major portion of the activity was excreted through the kidneys. With the exception of excretory organs, gastrointestinal tract organs, including the liver, intestine, and colon, showed significant uptake; however, the bone uptake was low (

Stress Corrosion of Ceramic Materials.

Science.gov (United States)

1983-10-01

Scientifique Continentale du Verre , Charleroi, Belgium, 1962. Dunning, J.M., Effects of Aqueous Chemical Environments on Crack Propagation in Quartz, this volume...Symposium on Mechanical Strength of Glass and Ways of Improving It. Florence, Italy, September 25-29, 1961. Union Scientifique Continentale du Verre ...F-0e38 UNCLSIFIEDF/G 112 N moflfllh....h... I fflfflfflffl..fNDf EIEEEEEEE % le 1111.0 L4 5 .8 _ = g 13 2 . LL IMI 11111= _"A 2.2 MICROCOPY

STUDY OF FLUORIDE GLASSES DEVITRIFICATION-BASED ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

4 mars 2013 ... D'après la définition du verre donnée par A. S. T. M : le verre est un produit de fusion des composés chimiques ... t : temps (s). K : facteur global qui tient compte des vitesses de nucléation et de croissance n : coefficient d'Avrami qui dépend du mécanisme de cristallisation. Le paramètre K dépend de la ...

{sup 68}Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC PET imaging in breast carcinoma patients

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sathekge, Mike; Lengana, Thabo; Modiselle, Moshe; Vorster, Mariza; Zeevaart, JanRijn; Ebenhan, Thomas [University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Pretoria (South Africa); Maes, Alex [University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Pretoria (South Africa); AZ Groeninge, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kortrijk (Belgium); Wiele, Christophe van de [University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Pretoria (South Africa); University Ghent, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Ghent (Belgium)

2017-04-15

To report on imaging findings using {sup 68}Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC PET in a series of 19 breast carcinoma patients. {sup 68}Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC PET imaging results obtained were compared to routinely performed staging examinations and analyzed as to lesion location and progesterone receptor status. Out of 81 tumor lesions identified, 84% were identified on {sup 68}Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC PET. {sup 68}Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC SUVmean values of distant metastases proved significantly higher (mean, 6.86, SD, 5.68) when compared to those of primary or local recurrences (mean, 2.45, SD, 2.55, p = 0.04) or involved lymph nodes (mean, 3.18, SD, 1.79, p = 0.011). SUVmean values of progesterone receptor-positive lesions proved not significantly different from progesterone receptor-negative lesions. SUV values derived from FDG PET/CT, available in seven patients, and {sup 68}Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC PET/CT imaging proved weakly correlated (r = 0.407, p = 0.015). {sup 68}Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC PET/CT imaging in breast carcinoma confirms the reported considerable variation of PSMA expression on human solid tumors using immunohistochemistry. (orig.)

Clinical cases with Gallium Dotatate 68

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Castro, R.

2012-01-01

This presentation is about the benefit's of PET - CT with 68 Ga Dotatate for the diagnosis and treatment. This technique is used for the staging, re staging, detection of primitive unknown tumors, selection of candidates for metabolic radium therapy and evaluation of treatment response

40 CFR 68.48 - Safety information.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

...) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Program 2 Prevention Program § 68.48 Safety information. (a) The... regulated substances, processes, and equipment: (1) Material Safety Data Sheets that meet the requirements...) Equipment specifications; and (5) Codes and standards used to design, build, and operate the process. (b...

40 CFR 68.73 - Mechanical integrity.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

...) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Program 3 Prevention Program § 68.73 Mechanical integrity. (a) Application. Paragraphs (b) through (f) of this section apply to the following process equipment: (1) Pressure... shall establish and implement written procedures to maintain the on-going integrity of process equipment...

40 CFR 68.69 - Operating procedures.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

...) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Program 3 Prevention Program § 68.69 Operating procedures. (a) The... presented by, the chemicals used in the process; (ii) Precautions necessary to prevent exposure, including... instructions for safely conducting activities involved in each covered process consistent with the process...

May ’68: Jupiter days

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Higinio Marín Pedreño

2018-04-01

Full Text Available The anthropological understanding of the events that took place during May’68, in the context of the historical changes of the second half of the twentieth century, requires, on the one hand, an archaeological study of the emergence of a new historical and metaphysical subject, youth, and, on the other hand, a study of the appearance of a new morphology of the conscience, joviality.

Promising semi-dwarf mutant in wheat variety K68

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kumar, D [Banaras Hindu Univ. (India). Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding

1977-04-01

A semi-dwarf mutant (HUW-SDf 1) was induced from common wheat Var. K68 through the exposure of /sup 60/Co ..gamma..-rays at 15 kR. This mutant along with other induced mutants and control was assessed for yield components, yield and grain quality (M/sub 4/ generation); internode length reduction pattern and the yielding ability at three levels of nitrogen (M/sub 5/ generation). The mutant was significantly shorter in height and almost equal in tillers per plant and grains per spike to K68. However, it showed marked reduction in spike length and spikelets per spike. On the other hand, it possessed significantly higher (50.04 g) 1000-grain weight against control (41.15 g). The mutant gave 56.0% higher yield than the control. Grain quality studies indicated that the mutant possessed significantly higher (14.15%) total protein than K68. It was equally as good as K68 in lysine content. Pelshenke value (62.5 min) of the mutant indicated medium hard nature of gluten as compared to hard nature (198.0) of the control. The mutant showed 24.0% reduction in total culm length compared to K68. Reduction occurred due to maximum and almost equal reduction in 5th and 4th internodes (ca 34.0%) followed by 3rd, 2nd and 1st. The mutant showed similar yield and yield response to increasing nitrogen levels (80 to 160 kg per ha.) as for current commercial semi-dwarf varieties.

'SON-GO-KU' : a dream of automated library

Science.gov (United States)

Sato, Mamoru; Kishimoto, Juji

In the process of automating libraries, the retrieval of books through the browsing of shelves is being overlooked. The telematic library is a document based DBMS which can deliver the content of books by simulating the browsing process. The retrieval actually simulates the process a person would use in selecting a book in a real library, where a visual presentation using a graphic display is substituted. The characteristics of prototype system "Son-Go-Ku" for such retrieval implemented in 1988 are mentioned.

Continued seasonal circulation of enterovirus D68 in the Netherlands, 2011-2014.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Meijer, A.; Benschop, K.S.; Donker, G.A.; Avoort, H.G. van der

2014-01-01

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) continued to circulate in a seasonal pattern in the Netherlands, after the outbreak in 2010. Outpatient EV-D68 cases, mainly in the under 20 and 50–59 years age groups, presented with relatively mild respiratory disease. Hospital-based enterovirus surveillance identified

Targeting post-infarct inflammation by PET imaging: comparison of {sup 68}Ga-citrate and {sup 68}Ga-DOTATATE with {sup 18}F-FDG in a mouse model

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thackeray, James T. [Hannover Medical School, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover (Germany); Hannover Medical School, Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover (Germany); Bankstahl, Jens P.; Walte, Almut; Wittneben, Alexander; Bengel, Frank M. [Hannover Medical School, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover (Germany); Wang, Yong; Korf-Klingebiel, Mortimer; Wollert, Kai C. [Hannover Medical School, Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover (Germany)

2014-08-12

Imaging of inflammation early after myocardial infarction (MI) is a promising approach to the guidance of novel molecular interventions that support endogenous healing processes. {sup 18}F-FDG PET has been used, but may be complicated by physiological myocyte uptake. We evaluated the potential of two alternative imaging targets: lactoferrin binding by {sup 68}Ga-citrate and somatostatin receptor binding by {sup 68}Ga-DOTATATE. C57Bl/6 mice underwent permanent coronary artery ligation. Serial PET imaging was performed 3 - 7 days after MI using {sup 68}Ga-citrate, {sup 68}Ga-DOTATATE, or {sup 18}F-FDG with ketamine/xylazine suppression of myocyte glucose uptake. Myocardial perfusion was evaluated by {sup 13}N-ammonia PET and cardiac geometry by contrast-enhanced ECG-gated CT. Mice exhibited a perfusion defect of 30 - 40 % (of the total left ventricle) with apical anterolateral wall akinesia and thinning on day 7 after MI. {sup 18}F-FDG with ketamine/xylazine suppression demonstrated distinct uptake in the infarct region, as well as in the border zone and remote myocardium. The myocardial standardized uptake value in MI mice was significantly higher than in healthy mice under ketamine/xylazine anaesthesia (1.9 ± 0.4 vs. 1.0 ± 0.1). {sup 68}Ga images exhibited high blood pool activity with no specific myocardial uptake up to 90 min after injection (tissue-to-blood contrast 0.9). {sup 68}Ga-DOTATATE was rapidly cleared from the blood, but myocardial SUV was very low (0.10 ± 0.03). Neither {sup 68}Ga nor {sup 68}Ga-DOTATATE is a useful alternative to {sup 18}F-FDG for PET imaging of myocardial inflammation after MI in mice. Among the three tested approaches, {sup 18}F-FDG with ketamine/xylazine suppression of cardiomyocyte uptake remains the most practical imaging marker of post-infarct inflammation. (orig.)

Genetic ablation of CD68 results in mice with increased bone and dysfunctional osteoclasts.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jason W Ashley

Full Text Available CD68 is a member of the lysosome associated membrane protein (LAMP family that is restricted in its expression to cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. This lineage restriction includes osteoclasts, and, while previous studies of CD68 in macrophages and dendritic cells have proposed roles in lipid metabolism, phagocytosis, and antigen presentation, the expression and function of CD68 in osteoclasts have not been explored. In this study, we investigated the expression and localization of CD68 in macrophages and osteoclasts in response to the monocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF and the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL. We found that M-CSF stimulates CD68 expression and RANKL alters the apparent molecular weight of CD68 as measured by Western immunoblotting. In addition, we explored the significance of CD68 expression in osteoclasts by generating mice that lack expression of CD68. These mice have increased trabecular bone, and in vitro assessment of CD68(-/- osteoclasts revealed that, in the absence of CD68, osteoclasts demonstrate an accumulation of intracellular vesicle-like structures, and do not efficiently resorb bone. These findings demonstrate a role for CD68 in the function of osteoclasts, and future studies will determine the mechanistic nature of the defects seen in CD68(-/- osteoclasts.

28 CFR 68.18 - Discovery-general provisions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... UNLAWFUL EMPLOYMENT OF ALIENS, UNFAIR IMMIGRATION-RELATED EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES, AND DOCUMENT FRAUD § 68.18..., including the existence, description, nature, custody, condition, and location of any books, documents, or...

The relation of son preference and religion to induced abortion: the case of South Korea.

Science.gov (United States)

Chung, Woojin

2007-09-01

This paper explores the factors that influence the practice of induced abortion in a very low fertility society, with particular emphasis on son preference and three distinct religions: Confucianism, Buddhism and Christianity. Using multivariate logistic regression models fitted by the generalized estimating equation (GEE) method, this paper analysed the data collected by the 2000 Korea National Fertility and Family Health Survey of 6348 married women aged 15-49 years with a total of 1217 pregnancy outcomes. The results showed that the likelihood of induced abortions in women with two or more children, compared with those with one child, was significantly influenced by the sex composition of the previous children: odds ratio (OR)=12.71 (95% CI=5.49, 29.42) for women with only son(s), and OR=3.91 (95% CI=1.67, 9.14) for women with only daughter(s). At parity two, women with two sons were much more likely to have induced abortions than women with two daughters (OR=5.88, 95% CI=2.70, 12.85). Although Buddhist women were not significantly different from Confucian women in induced abortion practice, Christian women were much less likely than Confucian women to have an induced abortion (OR=0.39, 95% CI=0.18, 0.88 for women with only sons and OR=0.44, 95% CI=0.24, 0.81 for women with two children). This suggests that even in this very low fertility society, son preference and religious affiliation are significant predictors of women's practice of induced abortion.

40 CFR 68.58 - Compliance audits.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Program 2 Prevention Program § 68.58 Compliance audits. (a) The owner or... in the process. (c) The owner or operator shall develop a report of the audit findings. (d) The owner...

40 CFR 68.83 - Employee participation.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

...) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Program 3 Prevention Program § 68.83 Employee participation. (a... their representatives on the conduct and development of process hazards analyses and on the development of the other elements of process safety management in this rule. (c) The owner or operator shall...

40 CFR 68.79 - Compliance audits.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Program 3 Prevention Program § 68.79 Compliance audits. (a) The owner or... in the process. (c) A report of the findings of the audit shall be developed. (d) The owner or...

Older parents enjoy better filial piety and care from daughters than sons in China

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zeng, Yi; George, Linda; Sereny, Melanie

2016-01-01

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether older parents in China would benefit more from daughters' care than from sons' emotional care. METHOD: Analysis of the unique data sets of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey conducted in 2002, 2005, and 2008-2009 in 22 provinces. RESULTS: As compared......' health outcome could help promote gender equality and reduce traditional son preference, especially in rural China....

A case of aneurysmal bone cyst in father and son

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leithner, A.; Windhager, R.; Kainberger, F.; Lang, S.

1998-01-01

The authors report a familial case of primary aneurysmal bone cyst in father and son, affecting both at the same location at nearly the same age. This fact again raises the speculation of a genetic link as another factor in the pathogenesis of aneurysmal bone cyst

Mother-son discrepant reporting on parenting practices: The contribution of temperament and depression.

Science.gov (United States)

Shishido, Yuri; Latzman, Robert D

2017-06-01

Despite low to moderate convergent correlations, assessment of youth typically relies on multiple informants for information across a range of psychosocial domains including parenting practices. Although parent-youth informant discrepancies have been found to predict adverse youth outcomes, few studies have examined contributing factors to the explanation of informant disagreements on parenting practices. The current study represents the first investigation to concurrently examine the role of mother and son's self-reported affective dimensions of temperament and depression as pathways to informant discrepancies on parenting practices. Within a community sample of 174 mother-son dyads, results suggest that whereas mother's self-reported temperament evidenced no direct effects on discrepancies, the association between the product term of mother's negative and positive temperament and discrepancies on positive parenting was fully mediated by mother's depression (a mediated moderation). In contrast, son's self-reported temperament evidenced both direct and indirect effects, partially mediated by depression, on rating discrepancies for positive parenting. All told, both son's self-reported affective dimensions of temperament and depression contributed to the explanation of discrepant reporting on parenting practices; only mother's self-reported depression, but not temperament, uniquely contributed. Results highlight the importance of considering both parent and youth's report in the investigation of informant discrepancies on parenting practices. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

41 CFR 105-68.600 - How do suspension and debarment actions start?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false How do suspension and debarment actions start? 105-68.600 Section 105-68.600 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal... Relating to Suspension and Debarment Actions § 105-68.600 How do suspension and debarment actions start...

Having a son or daughter with Down syndrome: perspectives from mothers and fathers.

Science.gov (United States)

Skotko, Brian G; Levine, Susan P; Goldstein, Richard

2011-10-01

This study asks parents who have children with Down syndrome (DS) how they feel about their lives so that such information could be shared with expectant couples during prenatal counseling sessions. A valid and reliable survey instrument was mailed to 4,924 households on the mailing lists of six non-profit DS organizations. Of the 2,044 respondents, 99% reported that they love their son or daughter; 97% were proud of them; 79% felt their outlook on life was more positive because of them; 5% felt embarrassed by them; and 4% regretted having them. The parents report that 95% of their sons or daughters without DS have good relationships with their siblings with DS. The overwhelming majority of parents surveyed report that they are happy with their decision to have their child with DS and indicate that their sons and daughters are great sources of love and pride. Copyright © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Values that Fathers Communicate to Sons about Sex, Sexuality, Relationships, and Marriage.

Science.gov (United States)

Coakley, Tanya M; Randolph, Schenita D; Shears, Jeffrey; Collins, Patrick

2017-01-01

African American males between ages 13 and 24 are disproportionately affected by unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, and HIV/AIDS; indeed, they account for 50% of HIV infections among all youth. Clear communication between parents and their youth about sex is associated with higher rates of sexual abstinence, condom use, and intent to delay initiation of sexual intercourse, which can prevent STIs and unintended pregnancy. However, barriers exist for parents to educate their youth about sexual health. The purpose of this article is to explore the values fathers communicate to their sons to prevent their risky sexual behaviors that lead to STIs, HIV, and adolescent parenthood. This was a qualitative study conducted from May and June 2015. African American fathers (N = 29) who had sons, ages 10 to 15 years, participated in five focus groups across metropolitan and rural North Carolina communities in barbershops. A qualitative content analysis revealed four themes regarding areas that fathers imparted their values onto their sons to protect them from sexual health risks: (a) sex, (b) sexuality, (c) relationships, and (d) marriage. The findings have implications for social work and public health practice.

Radial Color Gradient in a Globular Cluster 1. M68

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sukyoung Yi

1990-12-01

Full Text Available Stars in M68 from the observed color-magnitude diagrams with CCD were integrated to find any radial gradient. The result shows that M68 has a slightly bluer core. The main cause of these calculated radial color variations seems to come from the random distribution of giants.

DNA structure modulates the oligomerization properties of the AAV initiator protein Rep68.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Mansilla-Soto

2009-07-01

Full Text Available Rep68 is a multifunctional protein of the adeno-associated virus (AAV, a parvovirus that is mostly known for its promise as a gene therapy vector. In addition to its role as initiator in viral DNA replication, Rep68 is essential for site-specific integration of the AAV genome into human chromosome 19. Rep68 is a member of the superfamily 3 (SF3 helicases, along with the well-studied initiator proteins simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40-LTag and bovine papillomavirus (BPV E1. Structurally, SF3 helicases share two domains, a DNA origin interaction domain (OID and an AAA(+ motor domain. The AAA(+ motor domain is also a structural feature of cellular initiators and it functions as a platform for initiator oligomerization. Here, we studied Rep68 oligomerization in vitro in the presence of different DNA substrates using a variety of biophysical techniques and cryo-EM. We found that a dsDNA region of the AAV origin promotes the formation of a complex containing five Rep68 subunits. Interestingly, non-specific ssDNA promotes the formation of a double-ring Rep68, a known structure formed by the LTag and E1 initiator proteins. The Rep68 ring symmetry is 8-fold, thus differing from the hexameric rings formed by the other SF3 helicases. However, similiar to LTag and E1, Rep68 rings are oriented head-to-head, suggesting that DNA unwinding by the complex proceeds bidirectionally. This novel Rep68 quaternary structure requires both the DNA binding and AAA(+ domains, indicating cooperativity between these regions during oligomerization in vitro. Our study clearly demonstrates that Rep68 can oligomerize through two distinct oligomerization pathways, which depend on both the DNA structure and cooperativity of Rep68 domains. These findings provide insight into the dynamics and oligomeric adaptability of Rep68 and serve as a step towards understanding the role of this multifunctional protein during AAV DNA replication and site-specific integration.

Lo que son mujeres en los escenarios

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

González Cañal, Rafael

2007-06-01

Full Text Available In this article I review the publishing and stage trajectory of one of Rojas Zorrilla’s most significant plays: Lo que son mujeres. As well as collecting a list of the different editions, I emphasize the 1822 version by the Mexican Manuel Eduardo de Gorostiza, which started a new renaissance period for this play on stage. I also analyze the 1899 one-act version by Emilio Bobadilla. Finally, I include all the different productions between the 17th and the 19th centuries, and address the little interest aroused in the 20th century–suffice to say that it has not been staged even during these early years of the 21st century when the centenary of Rojas Zorrilla is being celebrated.En este artículo se hace un repaso detallado de la fortuna editorial y escénica de una de las obras más significativas de Rojas Zorrilla: Lo que son mujeres. Aparte de recoger las diferentes ediciones de la misma, se hace hincapié en la refundición del mexicano Manuel Eduardo de Gorostiza, estrenada en 1822, que abrió un período de cierta recuperación de este texto dramático en los escenarios. Se analiza también la refundición que llevó a cabo en un solo acto Emilio Bobadilla en 1899. Finalmente, se registran todas las representaciones conocidas de la obra desde el siglo XVII hasta el siglo XIX y se constata el poco interés que ha despertado en los escenarios del siglo XX. Incluso en los últimos años, en los que los montajes de obras de Rojas comienzan a ser más frecuentes, esta obra no ha sido todavía llevada a escena.

28 CFR 68.11 - Motions and requests.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... ALIENS, UNFAIR IMMIGRATION-RELATED EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES, AND DOCUMENT FRAUD § 68.11 Motions and requests... be given reasonable opportunity to respond or to object to the motion or request. (b) Responses to...

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of selected 68Ga-siderophores for infection imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Petrik, Milos; Haas, Hubertus; Schrettl, Markus; Helbok, Anna; Blatzer, Michael; Decristoforo, Clemens

2012-01-01

Introduction: Siderophores are low-molecular-mass iron chelators serving as iron transporters for almost all bacteria, fungi and some plants. Iron is an essential element for majority of organisms and plays an important role in virulence of pathogenic organisms. 68 Ga is a positron emitter with complexing properties comparable to those of Fe(III) and readily available from a generator. Initial studies with 68 Ga-triacetylfusarinine C (TAFC) showed excellent targeting properties in a rat infection model. We report here on the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of other siderophores radiolabelled with 68 Ga as potential radiopharmaceuticals for infection imaging. Methods: 68 Ga labelling was performed using acetate buffer. Stability, log P and protein binding values were determined. In vitro uptake was tested using iron-deficient and iron-sufficient Aspergillus fumigatus (A.f.) cultures. Biodistribution of 68 Ga-siderophores was studied in Balb/c mice. Results: Significant differences among studied siderophores were observed in labelling efficiency, stability and protein binding. Uptake in A.f. cultures was highly dependent on iron load and type of the siderophore. In mice, 68 Ga-TAFC and 68 Ga-ferrioxamine E (FOXE) showed rapid renal excretion and low blood values even at a short period after injection; in contrast, 68 Ga-ferricrocin and 68 Ga-ferrichrome revealed high retention in blood and 68 Ga-fusarinine C showed very high kidney retention. Conclusions: Some of the studied siderophores bind 68 Ga with high affinity and stability, especially 68 Ga-TAFC and 68 Ga-FOXE. Low values of protein binding, high and specific uptake in A.f., and excellent in vivo biodistribution make them favourable agents for Aspergillus infection imaging.

O campo magnético e a massa dos mésons

OpenAIRE

Camila Sampaio Machado

2013-01-01

Neste trabalho buscamos explorar os efeitos do campo magnético, criado em colisões de íons pesados não-centrais, em estados ligados. Motivados pelo caso do átomo de hidrogênio, onde a presença do campo magnético deixa o estado mais ligado,estudamos o caso dos mésons B e D. Inicialmente trabalhamos com a equação de Schrödinger e utilizamos o modelo de potencial de Cornell que faz uma boa descrição da espectroscopoia de mésons pesados. Em seguida, utilizando as regras de soma da QCD, procuram...

Is a {mu}mol a {mu}mol? Growth and development of chrysanthemum cultivated under SON-T lighting and under LED-lighting; Is a {mu}mol a {mu}mol? Groei en ontwikkeling van chrysant geteeld onder SON-T belichting en onder LED verlichting

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Meinen, E.; Marcelis, L.F.M.; Steenhuizen, J.W.; Dueck, T.A.

2009-12-15

Description of an experiment that was conducted, comparing LED lamps and SON-T (high pressure sodium) lamps. In climate rooms with LED (96% red sodium lamps) or SON-T lamps (without daylight), chrysanthemums were cultivated at two light intensities. Although the air temperature was the same in both treatments, the leaf temperature was clearly higher in the case of SON-T as a result of heat radiation. In the case of LED a more round leaves were observed. Plants cultivated under SON-T light developed closed crops much quicker and required a shorter reaction time (10 to 14 days at high and low light intensity). Yet, the harvest weight of the branches was the same. The net leaf photosynthesis was lower in chrysanthemums cultivated under LED lighting compared to plants cultivated under SON-T lighting. This is probably due to long-term cultivation under a spectrum of almost exclusively red light. The differences between SON-T and LED with regard to light color and heat radiation have significant consequences for growth and development. [Dutch] Een experiment is uitgevoerd om LED lampen en SON-T (hogedruk natriumlampen) lampen te vergelijken. In klimaatkamers met LED (96% rood en 4% blauw) of SON-T lampen (zonder daglichttoetreding) werden chrysanten geteeld bij 2 lichtintensiteiten. Hoewel de luchttemperatuur identiek was bij beide behandelingen was de bladtemperatuur duidelijk hoger bij SON-T als gevolg van warmtestraling. Onder LED belichting werd meer 'bol blad' waargenomen. Planten geteeld onder SON-T belichting ontwikkelden sneller een gesloten gewas en hadden een kortere reactietijd (10 tot 14 dagen bij hoge en lage lichtintensiteit). Maar het oogstgewicht van de takken was gelijk. De netto actuele bladfotosynthese was lager bij chrysanten geteeld onder LED belichting vergeleken met planten geteeld onder SON-T belichting. Dit is waarschijnlijk toe te schrijven aan langdurige teelt onder een spectrum met vrijwel alleen rood licht. De verschillen tussen SON

Son huasteco e identidad regional

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosa María Bonilla Burgos

2013-04-01

Full Text Available La población de la región Huasteca es partícipe de manifestaciones musicales en diferentes ámbitos, lo cual permite reconocer que entre todos los géneros utilizados destaca el son huasteco y su correspondiente bailable llamado huapango. Dichas expresiones musicales se impregnan de los ambientes tanto físico como social que viven constantemente. Es a través de las letras de los sones huastecos que se desarrolla el mecanismo para reflejar el mundo natural que perciben, y los acontecimientos que les suceden, cobrando una importancia que deriva en una identificación que trasciende. Conciben su entorno y lo refieren con sentido de pertenencia-apropiación, que les permite recrear su vida y fundirse en una identificación cultural a la que se le llamará “identidad regional”. La relevancia de considerar una expresión musical de estas características radica en que se preserva y enriquece constantemente unificando un área de México que no necesariamente corresponde a límites políticos establecidos en las diferentes etapas históricas.

Por qué todas las cuentas son falsas

OpenAIRE

Aerde, Michel van

1994-01-01

Los principales criterios para evaluación y decisión, en la sociedad actual, son inspirados por cálculos económicos. Mucho nos preocupamos de cuentas pero muy poco nos preguntamos de lo que es el dinero. Muy poco reflexionamos filosóficamente, ontológicamente, sobre la naturaleza misma del dinero. ¿Qué es esto que pretende ser la base de nuestra sociedad? El dinero es mentiroso por naturaleza. Es una representación de mucha vida, que no puede ser representada. El dinero es peligroso, se convi...

Motor coordination defects in mice deficient for the Sam68 RNA-binding protein.

Science.gov (United States)

Lukong, Kiven E; Richard, Stéphane

2008-06-03

The role of RNA-binding proteins in the central nervous system and more specifically their role in motor coordination and learning are poorly understood. We previously reported that ablation of RNA-binding protein Sam68 in mice results in male sterility and delayed mammary gland development and protection against osteoporosis in females. Sam68 however is highly expressed in most regions of the brain especially the cerebellum and thus we investigated the cerebellar-related manifestations in Sam68-null mice. We analyzed the mice for motor function, sensory function, and learning and memory abilities. Herein, we report that Sam68-null mice have motor coordination defects as assessed by beam walking and rotorod performance. Forty-week-old Sam68-null mice (n=12) were compared to their wild-type littermates (n=12). The Sam68-null mice exhibited more hindpaw faults in beam walking tests and fell from the rotating drum at lower speeds and prematurely compared to the wild-type controls. The Sam68-null mice were, however, normal for forelimb strength, tail-hang reflex, balance test, grid walking, the Morris water task, recognition memory, visual discrimination, auditory stimulation and conditional taste aversion. Our findings support a role for Sam68 in the central nervous system in the regulation of motor coordination.

Calibration of Ga-68 activity for PET applications in Cuba

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

García Rodríguez, Lourdes; Oropesa Verdecia, Pilar; Serra Águila, Rolando A.; Moreno León, Yecenia; Jénez Magaña, Yoel; Pérez LoretdeMola, Nayla; Bell Hechavarría, Ailec; Mas Ruiz, Javier; Cassette, Philippe

2016-01-01

A Ga-68 solution was used to calibrate the activity concentration using the double-triple coincidence ratio (TDCR) method of liquid scintillation for the first time in the country. The expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of the concentration of Ga-68 activity in the calibrated solution was equal to 2%. For measurements, the commercial liquid scintillation counter HIDEXTM was used. Samples were prepared by adding between 40 and 50 mg of the radioactive solution to 15 mL of ULTIMAGOLD ™ scintillating cocktail. For the estimation of Ga-68 counting efficiencies in the samples used for the calibration, a FORTRAN program developed by the National Institute of Metrology of France for the magnitudes of ionizing radiation, LNHB, was used. The validation of the method was carried out by the calibration of a standard solution of Na-22, also positronic emitter with similar disintegration scheme to Ga-68. The difference between the concentration of Na-22 activity measured using the TDCR method and the certified reference value traceable to the National Institute of Metrology of the United States (NIST) was 0.15%. With the solution of Ga-68 standardized by the TDCR method the calibration of the secondary standard activity meter, model CAPINTEC CRCTM 15R, was carried out for a geometry of 2R flask with 1mL of radioactive solution. Afterwards, this standard activity meter was calibrated for the measurement of Ga-68 in the geometries of interest in nuclear medicine: Flask 15R with 6 mL of radioactive solution, 2.5 mL syringe with 2 mL of radioactive solution and 5 mL syringe with 2 mL of radioactive solution. The results presented in this paper constitute the necessary metrological support for the introduction of new PET and PET / CT technologies into medical practice in Cuba.

GPR68 Senses Flow and Is Essential for Vascular Physiology.

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Jie; Mathur, Jayanti; Vessières, Emilie; Hammack, Scott; Nonomura, Keiko; Favre, Julie; Grimaud, Linda; Petrus, Matt; Francisco, Allain; Li, Jingyuan; Lee, Van; Xiang, Fu-Li; Mainquist, James K; Cahalan, Stuart M; Orth, Anthony P; Walker, John R; Ma, Shang; Lukacs, Viktor; Bordone, Laura; Bandell, Michael; Laffitte, Bryan; Xu, Yan; Chien, Shu; Henrion, Daniel; Patapoutian, Ardem

2018-04-19

Mechanotransduction plays a crucial role in vascular biology. One example of this is the local regulation of vascular resistance via flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Impairment of this process is a hallmark of endothelial dysfunction and a precursor to a wide array of vascular diseases, such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Yet the molecules responsible for sensing flow (shear stress) within endothelial cells remain largely unknown. We designed a 384-well screening system that applies shear stress on cultured cells. We identified a mechanosensitive cell line that exhibits shear stress-activated calcium transients, screened a focused RNAi library, and identified GPR68 as necessary and sufficient for shear stress responses. GPR68 is expressed in endothelial cells of small-diameter (resistance) arteries. Importantly, Gpr68-deficient mice display markedly impaired acute FMD and chronic flow-mediated outward remodeling in mesenteric arterioles. Therefore, GPR68 is an essential flow sensor in arteriolar endothelium and is a critical signaling component in cardiovascular pathophysiology. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Understanding Motherhood as Maturation: Maternity Scripts in Lois Lowry's "Son"

Science.gov (United States)

Deszcz-Tryhubczak, Justyna; Marecki, Mateusz

2015-01-01

When put together with the other parts of The Giver Quartet, "Son" (2012), Lowry's recently published concluding book, emerges as an odd exception to the focus on young adult protagonists since it foregrounds the mother's perspective and addresses the issue of motherhood. It presents the reader with at least three conceptual models of…

Experiences of parents whose sons or daughters have (had) attempted suicide

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Buus, Niels; Caspersen, Jimmy; Hansen, Rasmus

2014-01-01

problem and relatives are understood as playing an important role in suicide prevention; however, suicide and suicidal behaviour affect the relatives' lives profoundly, both emotionally and socially, and the psychosocial impact on families is underresearched. DESIGN: Focus groups with parents of sons......AIM: The aim of this exploratory study was to gain further insights into the experiences of parents of sons or daughters who have attempted suicide and how these parents respond to the increased psychosocial burden following the suicide attempt(s). BACKGROUND: Suicide is a major public health...... or daughters who have attempted suicide. METHODS: In January and February 2012, we interviewed two groups of parents recruited at a counselling programme for relatives of persons who have attempted suicide. The analysis combined a thematic analysis with a subsequent analysis of how the themes were negotiated...

Self-Organizing Networks (SON) Self-Planning, Self-Optimization and Self-Healing for GSM, UMTS and LTE

CERN Document Server

Ramiro, Juan

2011-01-01

With the current explosion in network traffic, and mounting pressure on operators' business case, Self-Organizing Networks (SON) play a crucial role. They are conceived to minimize human intervention in engineering processes and at the same time improve system performance to maximize Return-on-Investment (ROI) and secure customer loyalty. Written by leading experts in the planning and optimization of Multi-Technology and Multi-Vendor wireless networks, this book describes the architecture of Multi-Technology SON for GSM, UMTS and LTE, along with the enabling technologies for SON planning, opti

Preparation and Biological Study of (68)Ga-DOTA-alendronate.

Science.gov (United States)

Fakhari, Ashraf; Jalilian, Amir R; Johari-Daha, Fariba; Shafiee-Ardestani, Mehdi; Khalaj, Ali

2016-01-01

In line with previous research on the development of conjugated bisphosphonate ligands as new bone-avid agents, in this study, DOTA-conjugated alendronate (DOTA-ALN) was synthesized and evaluated after labeling with gallium-68 ((68)Ga). DOTA-ALN was synthesized and characterized, followed by (68)Ga-DOTA-ALN preparation, using DOTA-ALN and (68)GaCl3 (pH: 4-5) at 92-95° C for 10 min. Stability tests, hydroxyapatite assay, partition coefficient calculation, biodistribution studies, and imaging were performed on the developed agent in normal rats. The complex was prepared with high radiochemical purity (>99% as depicted by radio thin-layer chromatography; specific activity: 310-320 GBq/mmol) after solid phase purification and was stabilized for up to 90 min with a log P value of -2.91. Maximum ligand binding (65%) was observed in the presence of 50 mg of hydroxyapatite; a major portion of the activity was excreted through the kidneys. With the exception of excretory organs, gastrointestinal tract organs, including the liver, intestine, and colon, showed significant uptake; however, the bone uptake was low (<1%) at 30 min after the injection. The data were also confirmed by sequential imaging at 30-90 min following the intravenous injection. The high solubility and anionic properties of the complex led to major renal excretion and low hydroxyapatite uptake; therefore, the complex failed to demonstrate bone imaging behaviors.

22 CFR 40.68 - Aliens subject to INA 222(g).

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 22 Foreign Relations 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Aliens subject to INA 222(g). 40.68 Section 40... § 40.68 Aliens subject to INA 222(g). An alien who, under the provisions of INA 222(g), has voided a... new nonimmigrant visa unless the alien complies with the requirements in 22 CFR 41.101 (b) or (c...

Full genome analysis of enterovirus D-68 strains circulating in Alberta, Canada.

Science.gov (United States)

Pabbaraju, Kanti; Wong, Sallene; Drews, Steven J; Tipples, Graham; Tellier, Raymond

2016-07-01

A widespread outbreak of enterovirus (EV)-D68 that started in the summer of 2014 has been reported in the USA and Canada. During the course of this outbreak, EV-D68 was identified as a possible cause of acute, unexplained severe respiratory illness and a temporal association was observed between acute flaccid paralysis with anterior myelitis and EV-D68 detection in the upper respiratory tract. In this study, four nasopharyngeal samples collected from patients in Alberta, Canada with a laboratory diagnosis of EV-D68 were used to determine the near full-length genome sequence directly from the specimens. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to study the genotypes and pathogenesis of the circulating strains. Our results support the contention that mutations in the VP1 gene and other regions of the genome causing altered antigenicity, as well as lack of immunity in the younger population, may be responsible for the increased severe respiratory disease outbreaks of EV-D68 worldwide. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Léon Bardalès: Sa vie et son œuvre

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Ilias Taxidis

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Cette étude comprend la présentation et l’édition critique de deux lettres et six poèmes de Léon Bardalès qui fut l’un des dignitaires impériaux byzantins de la fin du XIIIe et du début du XIVe siècle. Pour l’occasion, toutes les données concernant l’auteur et son activité politique et littéraire sont réévaluées conformément aux informations fournies par les lettres que Bardalès a reçues d’épistoliers connus de son époque, comme Maxime Planude, Nicéphore Choumnos et Nicéphore Grégoras. Dans l’édition, les erreurs et fautes d’inattention des éditeurs précédents sont corrigées, et un apparat des sources est ajouté.

Alteration of R7T7-type nuclear glass in deep geological storage conditions; Alteration du verre de confinement de dechets type R7T7 en condition de stockage geologique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Combarieu, G de

2007-02-15

This PhD thesis is aimed to study the alteration of SON68 glass, French inactive glass of R7T7-type, in contact with near field materials of a deep geological storage (French concept from ANDRA) which are mainly metallic iron and Callovo-Oxfordian clay. Therefore, experiments involving a 'glass-iron-clay' system at lab-scale have been carried out. Interactions between glass, iron and clay have been characterised from submicron to millimeter scale by means of SEM, TEM, XRD and XAS and Raman spectroscopies in terms of chemistry and crystal-chemistry. In the mean time, a conceptual model of glass alteration has been developed to account for most of the experimental observations and known mechanisms of alteration. The model has been then transposed within the transport-chemistry code HYTEC, together with developed models of clay and iron corrosion, to simulate the experiments described above. This work is thus a contribution to the understanding of iron corrosion in Callovo-Oxfordian clay and subsequent glass alteration in the newly formed corrosion products, the whole process being considered as a lab-scale model of a deep geological storage of radioactive wastes. (author)

Alteration of R7T7-type nuclear glass in deep geological storage conditions; Alteration du verre de confinement de dechets type R7T7 en condition de stockage geologique

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Combarieu, G. de

2007-02-15

This PhD thesis is aimed to study the alteration of SON68 glass, French inactive glass of R7T7-type, in contact with near field materials of a deep geological storage (French concept from ANDRA) which are mainly metallic iron and Callovo-Oxfordian clay. Therefore, experiments involving a 'glass-iron-clay' system at lab-scale have been carried out. Interactions between glass, iron and clay have been characterised from submicron to millimeter scale by means of SEM, TEM, XRD and XAS and Raman spectroscopies in terms of chemistry and crystal-chemistry. In the mean time, a conceptual model of glass alteration has been developed to account for most of the experimental observations and known mechanisms of alteration. The model has been then transposed within the transport-chemistry code HYTEC, together with developed models of clay and iron corrosion, to simulate the experiments described above. This work is thus a contribution to the understanding of iron corrosion in Callovo-Oxfordian clay and subsequent glass alteration in the newly formed corrosion products, the whole process being considered as a lab-scale model of a deep geological storage of radioactive wastes. (author)

Measurement of the half-life of 68Ga

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

García-Toraño, Eduardo; Peyrés Medina, Virginia; Romero, Eduardo; Roteta, Miguel

2014-01-01

The half-life of the positron-emitter 68 Ga has been measured by following the decay rate with two systems based on ionization chamber and Ge detectors. The decay rate was measured for periods of time up to 10 half-lives. The combination of the 6 results obtained with both systems gives a value of T 1/2 =67.845(18) min, in good agreement with recommended data and with an uncertainty lower than any other previously reported value. - Highlights: • The half-life of the positron-emitter radionuclide 68 Ga was measured. • Two measurement setups (ionization chamber and Ge detector) were used. • Results agree with evaluated data but exhibit lower uncertainty

37 CFR 10.68 - Avoiding influence by others than the client.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... than the client. 10.68 Section 10.68 Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights UNITED STATES PATENT AND... the client. (a) Except with the consent of the practitioner's client after full disclosure, a practitioner shall not: (1) Accept compensation from one other than the practitioner's client for the...

Production, radiochemical processing and quality evaluation of 68Ge. Chapter 2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roesch, F.; Filosofov, D.V.

2010-01-01

In this chapter, the optimum chemical forms of the target material for the most relevant 68 Ge production routes are discussed. The principal methods for separation of 68 Ge (ion exchange, extraction, volatilization, precipitation, etc.) allowing high chemical separation yields of the parent radionuclide are also discussed

Recommended administered activities for {sup 68}Ga-labelled peptides in paediatric nuclear medicine

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Machado, J.S.; Beykan, S.; Lassmann, M. [University Hospital Wuerzburg, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Wuerzburg (Germany); Herrmann, K. [University Hospital Wuerzburg, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Wuerzburg (Germany); David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA (United States)

2016-10-15

The aim of this study was to establish a method for determining administered activities for {sup 68}Ga-labelled peptides. Dose calculations were based on the weight-independent effective dose model proposed by the EANM paediatric dosage card for use in paediatric nuclear medicine. Previously published time-integrated activity coefficients for {sup 68}Ga-DOTATATE, {sup 68}Ga-DOTATOC and {sup 68}Ga-pentixafor were used to calculate age-independent effective doses. Consequently, the corresponding weight-dependent effective dose coefficients were rescaled according to the formalism of the EANM dosage card to determine the radiopharmaceutical class of {sup 68}Ga-labelled peptides (''multiples'') and to calculate the baseline activities based on an upper limit for administered activity (185 MBq) in an adult. All calculated normalization factors suggest that the {sup 68}Ga-labelled peptides are class ''B'' radiopharmaceuticals. The baseline activity for all compounds is 12.8 MBq. In analogy to {sup 18}F-fluoride, we recommend a minimum activity of 14 MBq. For paediatric nuclear medicine applications involving {sup 68}Ga-labelled peptides, we suggest determining administered activities based on the formalism proposed in this work. The corresponding effective doses from these procedures will remain age-independent. (orig.)

Tunnel-Structured KxTiO2 Nanorods by in Situ Carbothermal Reduction as a Long Cycle and High Rate Anode for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Qing; Wei, Yaqing; Yang, Haotian; Su, Dong; Ma, Ying; Li, Huiqiao; Zhai, Tianyou

2017-03-01

The low electronic conductivity and the sluggish sodium-ion diffusion in the compact crystal structure of Ti-based anodes seriously restrict their development in sodium-ion batteries. In this study, a new hollandite K x TiO 2 with large (2 × 2) tunnels is synthesized by a facile carbothermal reduction method, and its sodium storage performance is investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses illustrate the formation mechanism of the hollandite K x TiO 2 upon the carbothermal reduction process. Compared to the traditional layered or small (1 × 1) tunnel-type Ti-based materials, the hollandite K x TiO 2 with large (2 × 2) tunnels may accommodate more sodium ions and facilitate the Na + diffusion in the structure; thus, it is expected to get a large capacity and realize high rate capability. The synthesized K x TiO 2 with large (2 × 2) tunnels shows a stable reversible capacity of 131 mAh g -1 (nearly 3 times of (1 × 1) tunnel-structured Na 2 Ti 6 O 13 ) and superior cycling stability with no obvious capacity decay even after 1000 cycles, which is significantly better than the traditional layered Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 (only 40% of capacity retention in 20 cycles). Moreover, the carbothermal process can naturally introduce oxygen vacancy and low-valent titanium as well as the surface carbon coating layer to the structure, which would greatly enhance the electronic conductivity of K x TiO 2 and thus endow this material high rate capability. With a good rate capability and long cyclability, this hollandite K x TiO 2 can serve as a new promising anode material for room-temperature long-life sodium-ion batteries for large-scale energy storage systems, and the carbothermal reduction method is believed to be an effective and facile way to develop novel Ti-based anodes with simultaneous carbon coating and Ti(III) self-doping.

Que son las Cochinillas de los Cotrus (Naranjos, Limoneros, Mandarinos, etc. y como se Combaten.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Posada Sinisterra. Belisario

1942-04-01

Full Text Available Las cochinillas son insectos de aspecto variado. Son llamados también insectos-escamas porque la mayoría de ellos viven protegidos por una concha o escama de forma y coloración diversa. Las especies que en seguida se describen tienen un ciclo biológico muy similar. Se reproducen por medio de huevos que depositan las hembras bajo la escama.

Deep Recycling of Sedimentary Lithologies in Subduction Zones: Geochemical and Physical Constraints from Phase Equilibria and Synchrotron-Based Multi-Anvil Experiments at 15-25 GPa

Science.gov (United States)

Rapp, R. P.; Nishiyama, N.; Irifune, T.; Inoue, T.; Yamasaki, D.

2003-12-01

Ocean island basalts (OIBs) provide geochemical evidence for the presence of crustally-derived sedimentary material in the deep mantle plume source region for EM-type OIBs, and global seismic tomography provides us with dramatic images of subducted slabs, presumably carrying a sediment component, penetrating through the transition zone and into the lower mantle, in some cases to the core-mantle boundary. In an effort to better constrain the geochemical effects of deeply recycled sedimentary material in subduction zones, and their role in the petrogenesis of EM-type OIBs, we have undertaken a series of phase equlibria experiments in the multi-anvil apparatus at 10-25 GPa, using natural sediment lithologies as starting materials. The goal of these experiments is to identify the dominant phases in deeply subducted sediments, constrain their P-T stability limits, and to assess their role in crustal recycling and element redistribution in the deep mantle during subduction. The phase equilibria experiments were performed in a 2000-ton Kawai-type apparatus, using tungsten carbide cubes with 3 mm TEL and Cr-doped MgO and zirconia pressure media. A cylindrical lanthanum chromite heater was used, along with short (gold capsules to minimize thermal gradients and to retain the small amounts of water (< 1 wt%) present in the starting material, and long run-durations (12-48 hours) in order to facilitate future analyses of the dominant phases for key trace elements using the ion microprobe. Our preliminary results at 10-25 GPa indicate that K-hollandite (KalSi3O3) and stishovite are the primary high-pressure phases in the sediment composition, with subordinate garnet and an as-yet-unidentified (possibly hydrous) Al-silicate phase present as well. These results suggest that K-hollandite is the primary repository for incompatible elements (e.g., La, Ce, Sr, Ba, Rb, etc., and the heat-producing elements K, U and Th) in sedimentary material recycled into the deep mantle via

40 CFR 68.36 - Review and update.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Hazard Assessment § 68.36 Review and update. (a) The owner or operator shall... processes, quantities stored or handled, or any other aspect of the stationary source might reasonably be...

Octahedral molecular sieve sorbents and catalysts

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Liyu [Richland, WA; King, David L [Richland, WA

2010-04-20

Octahedral molecular sieve sorbents and catalysts are disclosed, including silver hollandite and cryptomelane. These materials can be used, for example, to catalyze the oxidation of CO.sub.x (e.g., CO), NO.sub.x (e.g., NO), hydrocarbons (e.g., C.sub.3H.sub.6) and/or sulfur-containing compounds. The disclosed materials also may be used to catalyze other reactions, such as the reduction of NO.sub.2. In some cases, the disclosed materials are capable of sorbing certain products from the reactions they catalyze. Silver hollandite, in particular, can be used to remove a substantial portion of certain sulfur-containing compounds from a gas or liquid by catalysis and/or sorption. The gas or liquid can be, for example, natural gas or a liquid hydrocarbon.

Development of methods for the purification of 67Ga and 68Ga for biomolecules labeling

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Costa, Renata Ferreira

2012-01-01

For more than fifty years, the long-lived 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generators have been in development, obtaining 68 Ga without the need of having in house cyclotron, which is a considerable convenience for PET centers that have no nearby cyclotrons. 68 Ga decays 89% by positron emission and low photon emission (1077 keV) and the physical half life of 67.7 minutes is compatible with the pharmacokinetics of low biomolecular weight substances like peptides and antibody fragments. Moreover, its established metallic chemistry allows it to be stably bound to the carrier peptide sequence via a suitable bifunctional chelator, such as DOTA. All these reasons together with the technology of PET/CT allowed advances in molecular imaging, in particular in the diagnosis of neuroendocrine diseases. However, the eluate from the commercial 68 Ge/ 68 Ga generators still contains high levels of long lived 68 Ge, besides other metallic impurities, which competes with 68 Ga with a consequent reduction of the labeling yield of biomolecules, such as Fe 3+ and Zn 2+ . Thus, the lower the amount of impurities in the eluate, the competition between the radiolabeled and unlabeled peptide by the receptor will be smaller and the quality of imaging will be better, a subsequent purification step is needed after the generator elution. The aim of this work is to evaluate different purifications methods of 68 Ga to label biomolecules, with emphasis on the study of the chemical impurities contained in the eluate and to develop a new purification method. Several purification methods were studied. Many cationic resin were tested simulating the commercial process. 68 Ga is adsorbed in cationic resin, which is not commercial available and eluted in acid/acetone solution. The use of minor particles of cationic resin AG50W-X4 (200-400 mesh) showed the best results. An innovate method was the extraction chromatography, which is based on the absorption of diisopropyl ether in XAD 16 and 68 Ga recovery in deionized

Like father, like son: the intergenerational cycle of adolescent fatherhood.

Science.gov (United States)

Sipsma, Heather; Biello, Katie Brooks; Cole-Lewis, Heather; Kershaw, Trace

2010-03-01

Strong evidence exists to support an intergenerational cycle of adolescent fatherhood, yet such a cycle has not been studied. We examined whether paternal adolescent fatherhood (i.e., father of study participant was age 19 years or younger when his first child was born) and other factors derived from the ecological systems theory predicted participant adolescent fatherhood. Data included 1496 young males who were interviewed annually from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997. Cox regression survival analysis was used to determine the effect of paternal adolescent fatherhood on participant adolescent fatherhood. Sons of adolescent fathers were 1.8 times more likely to become adolescent fathers than were sons of older fathers, after other risk factors were accounted for. Additionally, factors from each ecological domain-individual (delinquency), family (maternal education), peer (early adolescent dating), and environment (race/ethnicity, physical risk environment)-were independent predictors of adolescent fatherhood. These findings support the need for pregnancy prevention interventions specifically designed for young males who may be at high risk for continuing this cycle. Interventions that address multiple levels of risk will likely be most successful at reducing pregnancies among partners of young men.

THE EPITHESIS IN THE LOAN WORDS ALINTI KELİMELERDE SON TÜREME

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Gülden SAĞOL YÜKSEKKAYA

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Anaptyxis is a sound appearing that is not found in the original structure of the word. There are three types of anaptyxis: prothesis, epenthesis and epithesis. Epithesis is a vowel or consonant appearing at the end of a word which is not found in the original structure of it. Although, there isn’t not so much example, both vowel and consonant reproduction is seen even in the last sound of the word; but the derivative sound isn’t the same, standard in the whole dialects and accents. Nevertheless some derivative sounds have an intense in a specific region, they aren’t seen in the other areas or has rare example. In this study, the epithesis in the loan words in Turkish will be emphasized. Bir kelimede aslında bulunmayan bir sesin sonradan ortaya çıkmasına ses türemesi denir. Ses türemesinin üç çeşidi vardır: ön türeme, iç türeme, son türeme. Son türeme, kelimenin aslında bulunmayan bir ünlü veya ünsüzün kelime sonunda belirmesidir. Örneği fazla olmamakla birlikte son seste de hem ünlü hem de ünsüz türemesi görülür. Ancak türeyen sesler standart olarak bütün lehçe ve ağızlarda ortak değildir. Türeyen bazı sesler belli bir bölge içerisinde yoğunlaşırken, bazı bölgelerde görülmemekte veya sadece birkaç, hatta bir örnekle sınırlı kalabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkçede alıntı kelimelerdeki son türeme örnekleri üzerinde durulacaktır.

Neuroendocrine tumor imaging with 68Ga-DOTA-NOC: physiologic and benign variants.

Science.gov (United States)

Kagna, Olga; Pirmisashvili, Natalia; Tshori, Sagi; Freedman, Nanette; Israel, Ora; Krausz, Yodphat

2014-12-01

Imaging with (68)Ga-labeled 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)-octreotide analogs has become an important modality in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). In addition to high uptake in NET lesions, prominent physiologic radiotracer activity has been reported in the pituitary gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, liver, and spleen, and faint activity has been reported in the thyroid and gastrointestinal tract. This article describes previously unknown sites of 68Ga-DOTA-1-NaI3-octreotide (NOC) uptake unrelated to NETs. One hundred eighty-two patients (96 female and 86 male patients; age range, 4-89 years) with documented (n=156) or suspected (n=26) NETs underwent 207 68Ga-DOTA-NOC PET/CT studies. Studies were retrospectively reviewed for the presence, intensity, and localization of foci of increased uptake that were further correlated with findings on additional imaging studies and clinical follow-up for a period of 4-32 months. Uptake of 68Ga-DOTA-NOC not identified as NET or known physiologic activity was detected in 297 sites with confirmation in 149 of 207 studies (72%). The most common location of non-NET-related 68Ga-DOTA-NOC-avid sites was in small lymph nodes, followed by prostate, uterus, breasts, lungs, brown fat, musculoskeletal system, and other sites, including oropharynx, pineal body, thymus, aortic plaque, genitalia, surgical bed, and subcutaneous granuloma. Intensity of uptake in non-NET-related 68Ga-DOTA-NOC-avid sites ranged in maximum standardized uptake value from 0.8 to 10.5. Previously unreported benign sites of 68Ga-DOTA-NOC uptake were found in the majority of studies, suggesting the presence of somatostatin receptors in physiologic variants or processes with no evidence of tumor. Knowledge of increased tracer uptake in non-NET-related sites is important for accurate interpretation and for avoiding potential pitfalls of 68Ga-DOTA-NOC PET/CT.

‘To refer, not to characterise’: A synchronic look at the Son-of-Man logia in the Sayings Gospel Q

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Llewellyn

2013-03-01

Full Text Available The article intends to address the Son-of-Man problem by applying Delbert Burkett’s ‘question of reference’ to those Son-of-Man logia that appear in the Sayings Gospel Q. A position is taken that recent philological approaches to the Son-of-Man problem have not been overly convincing, successful or helpful. Similarly, attempting to determine the authenticity of individual Son-of-Man sayings has not led to any form of scholarly consensus. In place of these approaches, a synchronic approach is defended and applied to the Son-of-Man sayings in Q, with interesting results.

40 CFR 68.85 - Hot work permit.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Program 3 Prevention Program § 68.85 Hot work permit. (a) The owner or operator shall issue a hot work permit for hot work operations conducted on or near a covered process. (b...

40 CFR 68.77 - Pre-startup review.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

...) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Program 3 Prevention Program § 68.77 Pre-startup review. (a) The... stationary sources when the modification is significant enough to require a change in the process safety... substances to a process: (1) Construction and equipment is in accordance with design specifications; (2...

40 CFR 68.75 - Management of change.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

...) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Program 3 Prevention Program § 68.75 Management of change. (a) The... “replacements in kind”) to process chemicals, technology, equipment, and procedures; and, changes to stationary sources that affect a covered process. (b) The procedures shall assure that the following considerations...

Influence des défauts de la structure du verre sur la résistance mécanique des fibres optiques

Science.gov (United States)

Chmel, A.; Baptizmanski, V. V.; Kharshak, A. A.

1992-12-01

For silica (pure and doped) optical fibers prepared from preforms irradiated by thermal neutrons and Ar^+ ions, the measurements of lifetime under transverse stress were carried out. It is found that the neutron bombardment leads to decrease of the lifetime and the strength of fiber while the ion implantation results in increasing of these parameters. The influence of particle irradiation on the glass strength is explained by the generation of structural defects which were observed by the infrared an Raman spectroscopy methods. The direction of the change of mechanical properties of fibers is determined by the type of defects and their distribution in the cross-section of fiber. Des préformes de fibres optiques de silice ont été exposées à un bombardement par des faisceaux de neutrons thermiques et d'ions Ar^+ à énergie de 40 keV afin d'engendrer des défauts de la structure respectivement dans le volume ou dans la couche superficielle des échantillons. Les fibres obtenues des préformes irradiées et non irradiées ont été mises en charge de flexion. On a déterminé leur temps de rupture sous diverses contraintes de traction sur la surface extérieure de la fibre en flexion. On a observé une diminution du temps de rupture des fibres après le bombardement neutronique et une augmentation après l'implantation ionique. L'analyse de la nature des défauts en faisant appel à la spectroscopie infrarouge et Raman a fait ressortir que l'irradiation aux ions entraînait essentiellement des liaisons chimiques dans une fine couche superficielle de l'échantillon alors que l'irradiation aux neutrons occasionnait une déformation des zones du réseau silicique dans toute la section de la préforme et de la fibre. L'amélioration de la résistance mécanique s'explique par une augmentation de la mobilité des éléments structuraux de la matrice de verre par suite d'une rupture partielle des liaisons chimiques et sa diminution par l'apparition de concentrateurs

NAA analysis of enriched Zn-68 by

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rafii, H.; Mirzaei, M.; Mirzajani, N.; Sardari, D.; Shahabi, I.; Majedi, F.

2002-01-01

Excessive application of enriched isotopes in various fields of sciences and industry necessitates measuring their abundant by a precise and rapid methos. Beside the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the thermal neutron activation analysis, NAA, is an alternative method, which is capable to determine trace amounts of elements as well as the elemental abundance. In this article the enrichment of Zn-68 in two different samples has been studied by mean of NAA. One sample was separated by an electromagnetic system in our center and the other was purchased from a French company, Cortecnet. The neutron irradiation was took place in MNSR reactor by flux 10 1 1n/cm 2 sec. for 30 min. and the produced radioactivity from Zn-69 m was measured one day after irradiation by HPGe detector. The results shows a good agreement with the reported ones and its low derivation of about ±3.05 indicates that the NAA is a precise, rapid, and supplemental method for analyzing enriched Zn-68

Vitamin E succinate-conjugated F68 micelles for mitoxantrone delivery in enhancing anticancer activity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liu Y

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Yuling Liu,1,* Yingqi Xu,2,* Minghui Wu,3 Lijiao Fan,1 Chengwei He,2 Jian-Bo Wan,2 Peng Li,2 Meiwan Chen,2 Hui Li11Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Mitoxantrone (MIT is a chemotherapeutic agent with promising anticancer efficacy. In this study, Pluronic F68-vitamine E succinate (F68-VES amphiphilic polymer micelles were developed for delivering MIT and enhancing its anticancer activity. MIT-loaded F68–VES (F68–VES/MIT micelles were prepared via the solvent evaporation method with self-assembly under aqueous conditions. F68–VES/MIT micelles were found to be of optimal particle size with the narrow size distribution. Transmission electron microscopy images of F68–VES/MIT micelles showed homogeneous spherical shapes and smooth surfaces. F68–VES micelles had a low critical micelle concentration value of 3.311 mg/L, as well as high encapsulation efficiency and drug loading. Moreover, F68–VES/MIT micelles were stable in the presence of fetal bovine serum for 24 hours and maintained sustained drug release in vitro. Remarkably, the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 value of F68–VES/MIT micelles was lower than that of free MIT in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells (two human breast cancer cell lines. In addition, compared with free MIT, there was an increased trend of apoptosis and cellular uptake of F68–VES/MIT micelles in MDA-MB-231 cells. Taken together, these results indicated that F68–VES polymer micelles were able to effectively deliver MIT and largely improve its potency in cancer therapy. Keywords: F68, vitamin E

Emergence and epidemic occurrence of enterovirus 68 respiratory infections in The Netherlands in 2010.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Meijer, A.; Sanden, S. van der; Snijders, B.E.P.; Jaramillo-Gutierrez, G.; Bont, L.; Ent, C.K. van der; Overduin, P.; Jenny, S.L.; Jusic, E.; Avoort, H.G.A.M. van der; Smith, G.J.D.; Donker, G.A.; Koopmans, M.P.G.

2012-01-01

Following an increase in detection of enterovirus 68 (EV68) in community surveillance of respiratory infections in The Netherlands in 2010, epidemiological and virological analyses were performed to investigate the possible public health impact of EV68 infections. We retrospectively tested specimens

Ameloblastoma: Our clinical experience with 68 cases

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Benjamin Fomete

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction: In this environment, previous workers have reported on the challenges of managing large sized ameloblastoma of the jaws with less than adequate facilities. The aim of this review is to present the management of 68 cases of ameloblastoma with emphasis on surgical care. Materials and Methods: Retrospective survey of case notes of patients with histopathologic diagnosis of ameloblastoma (using the criteria of Barnes et al., 2005 seen between January 2006 and August 2010 at the Maxillofacial Unit, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika-Zaria, Nigeria was undertaken. Data collected includes histopathological diagnosis, age, gender, clinical information on site of lesion, form of intubation and surgical procedure performed. Results: Out of 94 patients, 68 with histological diagnosis of ameloblastoma (59 mandibular and 9 maxillary were operated within the study period. The remainder (26 was not treated in hospital. Among 68 patients treated, more were males (38 than females (30, giving a male to female ratio of 1.3:1. The age range was between 14 and 74 years (mean-standard deviation. The duration of the symptoms ranged from 7 months to 24 years, most were follicular ameloblastoma (n = 13 followed by acanthomatous type (n = 7. Endotracheal intubation was the most common (n = 55 followed by fiber optic laryngoscopy (n = 8. The surgical approach most used was extended Risdon with intraoral (n = 24 followed by extended Risdon with lip split and intraoral (n = 17. Segmental resection (en block formed the bulk of our procedures (n = 22 followed by subtotal mandibulectomy (n = 16. Conclusion: The treatment of ameloblastoma remains controversial. Its destructive nature has left patients with wide defects difficult to reconstruct.

Development of methods for the purification of {sup 67}Ga and {sup 68}Ga for biomolecules labeling; Desenvolvimento de metodos de purificacao do {sup 67}Ga e {sup 68}Ga para a marcacao de biomoleculas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Costa, Renata Ferreira

2012-07-01

For more than fifty years, the long-lived {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generators have been in development, obtaining {sup 68}Ga without the need of having in house cyclotron, which is a considerable convenience for PET centers that have no nearby cyclotrons. {sup 68}Ga decays 89% by positron emission and low photon emission (1077 keV) and the physical half life of 67.7 minutes is compatible with the pharmacokinetics of low biomolecular weight substances like peptides and antibody fragments. Moreover, its established metallic chemistry allows it to be stably bound to the carrier peptide sequence via a suitable bifunctional chelator, such as DOTA. All these reasons together with the technology of PET/CT allowed advances in molecular imaging, in particular in the diagnosis of neuroendocrine diseases. However, the eluate from the commercial {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generators still contains high levels of long lived {sup 68}Ge, besides other metallic impurities, which competes with {sup 68}Ga with a consequent reduction of the labeling yield of biomolecules, such as Fe{sup 3+} and Zn{sup 2+}. Thus, the lower the amount of impurities in the eluate, the competition between the radiolabeled and unlabeled peptide by the receptor will be smaller and the quality of imaging will be better, a subsequent purification step is needed after the generator elution. The aim of this work is to evaluate different purifications methods of {sup 68}Ga to label biomolecules, with emphasis on the study of the chemical impurities contained in the eluate and to develop a new purification method. Several purification methods were studied. Many cationic resin were tested simulating the commercial process. {sup 68}Ga is adsorbed in cationic resin, which is not commercial available and eluted in acid/acetone solution. The use of minor particles of cationic resin AG50W-X4 (200-400 mesh) showed the best results. An innovate method was the extraction chromatography, which is based on the absorption of

Analysis of the synonymous codon usage bias in recently emerged enterovirus D68 strains.

Science.gov (United States)

Karniychuk, Uladzimir U

2016-09-02

Understanding the codon usage pattern of a pathogen and relationship between pathogen and host's codon usage patterns has fundamental and applied interests. Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is an emerging pathogen with a potentially high public health significance. In the present study, the synonymous codon usage bias of 27 recently emerged, and historical EV-D68 strains was analyzed. In contrast to previously studied enteroviruses (enterovirus 71 and poliovirus), EV-D68 and human host have a high discrepancy between favored codons. Analysis of viral synonymous codon usage bias metrics, viral nucleotide/dinucleotide compositional parameters, and viral protein properties showed that mutational pressure is more involved in shaping the synonymous codon usage bias of EV-D68 than translation selection. Computation of codon adaptation indices allowed to estimate expression potential of the EV-D68 genome in several commonly used laboratory animals. This approach requires experimental validation and may provide an auxiliary tool for the rational selection of laboratory animals to model emerging viral diseases. Enterovirus D68 genome compositional and codon usage data can be useful for further pathogenesis, animal model, and vaccine design studies. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Development of new folate-based PET radiotracers: preclinical evaluation of 68Ga-DOTA-folate conjugates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fani, Melpomeni; Maecke, Helmut R.; Wang, Xuejuan; Nicolas, Guillaume; Medina, Christelle; Raynal, Isabelle; Port, Marc

2011-01-01

A number of 111 In- and 99m Tc-folate-based tracers have been evaluated as diagnostic agents for imaging folate receptor (FR)-positive tumours. A 68 Ga-folate-based radiopharmaceutical would be of great interest, combining the advantages of PET technology and the availability of 68 Ga from a generator. The aim of the study was to develop a new 68 Ga-folate-based PET radiotracer. Two new DOTA-folate conjugates, named P3026 and P1254, were synthesized using the 1,2-diaminoethane and 3-{2-[2-(3-amino-propoxy)-ethoxy]-ethoxy}-propylamine as a spacer, respectively. Both conjugates were labelled with 67/68 Ga. Binding affinity, internalization and externalization studies were performed using the FR-positive KB cell line. Biodistribution and PET/CT imaging studies were performed in nude mice, on a folate-deficient diet, bearing KB and HT1080 (FR-negative) tumours, concurrently. The new radiotracers were evaluated comparatively to the reference molecule 111 In-DTPA-folate ( 111 In-P3139). The K d values of 67/68 Ga-P3026 (4.65 ± 0.82 nM) and 67/68 Ga-P1254 (4.27 ± 0.42 nM) showed high affinity for the FR. The internalization rate followed the order 67/68 Ga-P3026 > 67/68 Ga-P1254 > 111 In-P3139, while almost double cellular retention was found for 67/68 Ga-P3026 and 67/68 Ga-P1254, compared to 111 In-P3139. The biodistribution data of 67/68 Ga-DOTA-folates showed high and receptor-mediated uptake on the FR-positive tumours and kidneys, with no significant differences compared to 111 In-P3139. PET/CT images, performed with 68 Ga-P3026, showed high uptake in the kidneys and clear visualization of the FR-positive tumours. The DOTA-folate conjugates can be efficiently labelled with 68 Ga in labelling yields and specific activities which allow clinical application. The characteristics of the 67/68 Ga-DOTA-folates are comparable to 111 In-DTPA-folate, which has already been used in clinical trials, showing that the new conjugates are promising candidates as PET radiotracers

24 CFR 242.68 - Disclosure and verification of Social Security and Employer Identification Numbers.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... Social Security and Employer Identification Numbers. 242.68 Section 242.68 Housing and Urban Development... Requirements § 242.68 Disclosure and verification of Social Security and Employer Identification Numbers. The requirements set forth in 24 CFR part 5, regarding the disclosure and verification of Social Security Numbers...

Integrating Equality - Globalization, Women's Rights, Son Preference and Human Trafficking

OpenAIRE

Cho, Seo-Young

2011-01-01

Employing economic and social globalization indicators, we empirically analyze whether globalization affects women’s rights in the economic and social dimensions. Using panel data from 150 countries over the 1981-2008 period, we find that social globalization positively affects both women’s economic and social rights, while the impact of economic globalization disappears when controlling for social globalization. Furthermore, we find that social globalization also reduces ‘son preference’ pro...

47 CFR 68.602 - Sponsor of the Administrative Council for Terminal Attachments.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... Attachments. (a) The Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) and the Alliance for Telecommunications... 47 Telecommunication 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Sponsor of the Administrative Council for Terminal Attachments. 68.602 Section 68.602 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED...

Fathers Are Important People: A Study of Father-Son Sexual Communication

Science.gov (United States)

DiIorio, Colleen; Lehr, Sally; Wasserman, Jill L.; Eichler, Michelle; Cherry, Chauncey; Denzmore, Pamela

2006-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the perceived role of African-American fathers in educating their sons about sex and HIV prevention. Given that some studies have shown a relationship between parent-adolescent sexual communication and adolescent sexual behavior, and the disproportionately high rates of teen pregnancy and HIV (and other…

32 CFR 776.68 - Reporting professional misconduct.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... professional misconduct: (1) A covered attorney having knowledge that another covered attorney has committed a... with the procedures set forth in subpart C of this part. (2) A covered attorney having knowledge that a... 32 National Defense 5 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Reporting professional misconduct. 776.68...

Preparation of carrier-free 67Cu by the 68Zn(γ,p) reaction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yagi, M.; Kondo, K.

1978-01-01

The preparation of pure, carrier-free 67 Cu using the 68 Zn(γ, p) reaction with an isotopically enriched 68 Zn(98.97%) target is described. The production rates of 67 Cu and contaminants were determined as a function of the maximum bremsstrahlung energies between 30 and 60 MeV. The chemical separation of the carrier-free 67 Cu and the recovery of the 68 Zn target were also studied. (author)

Mayo del 68, cuarenta años después. Entre herencias y controversias.

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Virginie Laurent.

2009-08-01

Full Text Available Was May of ´68 a revolt or revolution? Was it a student movement or a working-class one? Was May of ´68 French or global in character? May of ´68, which combined unprecedented student protests with a massive general strike, left a strong imprint on the political, social, and cultural development of French society. Starting with a contextualization of the “facts,” this article reflects on the direct and indirect effects, as well as controversies, that May of ´68 still generates forty years later. It emphasizes the way that young people today perceive the events of period and how May of ´68 was at the center of the 2007 French presidential campaign.

The role of God in the father/son relationship during identity formation – a Gestalt theoretical perspective

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H.B. Grobler

2010-07-01

Full Text Available This article is based on research done within the Afrikaansspeaking community in the area of the Drakenstein Municipality, Western Cape province, South Africa. The focus falls specifically on one concept that was outlined during the research, namely the perceptions of fathers and adolescent sons on identity formation within their relationship as well as the role that God plays. Combined qualitative/quantitative research was conducted with emphasis on semi-structured interviews with fathers (n=4 and adolescent boys (n=4 and an auto-ethnography of the author as the dominant component. The lessdominant quantitative component consisted of questionnaires completed by fathers (n=42 and adolescent boys (n=180. Metatheoretical assumptions and theoretical assumptions as grounding for the male identity are discussed as part of the author’s paradigmatic perspective. Furthermore, empirical findings are discussed and recommendations are made. From the discussions with fathers and their sons it was clear that both fathers and sons have a need to stand in close relationship to each other and to God. It is within this relationship where their identities are formed. However, fathers seemed to be resistant of transferring their beliefs to their sons. Adolescent boys also indicated no need to one day transfer learned behaviour from their fathers to their sons.

40 CFR 156.68 - First aid statement.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 23 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false First aid statement. 156.68 Section... aid statement. (a) Product as sold and distributed. Each product must bear a first aid statement if... with water prior to use, the label may also include a statement describing how the first aid measures...

MIL-68 (In) nano-rods for the removal of Congo red dye from aqueous solution.

Science.gov (United States)

Jin, Li-Na; Qian, Xin-Ye; Wang, Jian-Guo; Aslan, Hüsnü; Dong, Mingdong

2015-09-01

MIL-68 (In) nano-rods were prepared by a facile solvothermal synthesis using NaOAc as modulator agent at 100°C for 30 min. The BET test showed that the specific surface area and pore volume of MIL-68 (In) nanorods were 1252 m(2) g(-1) and 0.80 cm(3) g(-1), respectively. The as-prepared MIL-68 (In) nanorods showed excellent adsorption capacity and rapid adsorption rate for removal of Congo red (CR) dye from water. The maximum adsorption capacity of MIL-68 (In) nanorods toward CR reached 1204 mg g(-1), much higher than MIL-68 (In) microrods and most of the previously reported adsorbents. The adsorption process of CR by MIL-68 (In) nano-rods was investigated and found to be obeying the Langmuir adsorption model in addition to pseudo-second-order rate equation. Moreover, the MIL-68 (In) nanorods showed an acceptable reusability after regeneration with ethanol. All information gives an indication that the as-prepared MIL-68 (In) nanorods show their potential as the adsorbent for highly efficient removal of CR in wastewater. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Preparation of gallium-68 radiopharmaceuticals for positron tomography. Progress report, November 1, 1980-December 31, 1981

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Welch, M.J.

1981-06-01

Although the germanium-68 → gallium-68 generator is probably the only source of positron-emitting radionuclides that could enable the widespread application of positron tomography, the commercially available 68 Ga/ 68 Ge generator system suffers from several major disadvantages. The most important of these is that the generator is eluted with EDTA, which forms a very strong chelate with gallium. In order to produce radiopharmaceuticals other than 68 Ga-EDTA, it is first necessary to break the stable EDTA complex and remove all traces of EDTA. This procedure adds several steps and a significant amount of time to procedures for preparing 68 Ga-radiopharmaceuticals. Several years ago, we developed a new generator using a solvent extraction system which produces 68 Ga-oxine (8-hydroxyquinoline), a weak chelate. We have also carried out studies to compare generator systems which produce 68 Ga in an ionic form. Using the gallium-68 eluted from these various generator systems, several 68 Ga-labeled radiopharmaceuticals have been synthesized and tested in vitro and in vivo. In addition, attempts have been made to design and synthesize a lipophilic ligand for gallium-68. The stability of radiogallium complexed with a series of potentially lipophilic complexing agents has been studied using chromatographic techniques and in vivo distribution data. The potential of these complexing agents for altering the biodistribution of gallium radiopharmaceuticals has also been investigated

Measurements of some basic constants of 68Ga(BAT-TECH) as an imaging agent

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen Huawei; Liu Boli

1994-01-01

The kinetic properties of a new myocardial imaging agent 68 Ga(BAT-TECH) are investigated and its thermodynamic constants are measured. The results are as follows: Citrate→BAT-TECH exchange reaction order is second-order; reaction rate k = 0.50 l/mol·s; activation energy E a = 56.6 kJ/mol; the stability constant of 68 Ga(BAT-TECH) lgβ = 14.9; the acid dissociation constants of BAT-TECH pK 1 = 4.62, pK 2 = 7.68, pK-3 = 8.68, pK 4 = 11.2

¡Son notables… los desaciertos y los vacíos!

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manuel Argüello Rodríguez

2007-10-01

Full Text Available Son notables las ausencias y los equilibrios forzados en el informe de los cinco ciudadanos costarricenses sobre el TLC. Ausencias y seudoequilibrios que han sido ya utilizados para fortalecer la campaña de propaganda arrebatadora contra la oposición al TLC indicando que ‘los notables’ desnudaron los fantasmas (con lo cual, a decir verdad no se vería nada, sería la total transparencia.

Positron tomographic imaging of the liver: 68Ga iron hydroxide colloid

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumar, B.; Miller, T.R.; Siegel, B.A.; Mathias, C.J.; Markham, J.; Ehrhardt, G.J.; Welch, M.J.

1981-01-01

A new radiopharmaceutical, 68 Ga iron hydroxide colloid, for hepatic imaging by positron emission tomography was prepared from the eluate of a 68 Ge- 68 Ga solvent extraction generator. In rats, 84% of the administered dose of colloid localized in the liver and 4.6% accumulated in the spleen. Initial imaging studies in normal dogs showed close correspondence of the findings by positron tomography and transmission computed tomography. Emission tomography with 68 Ga-colloid was performed in 10 patients with hepatic metastases demonstrated by conventional /sup 99m/Tc-sulfur colloid scintigraphy. All focal defects noted on the conventional scintigrams were easily identified and generally were seen more clearly by positron tomography. In one patient, additional lesions not identified on the initial /sup 99m/Tc-sulfur colloid images were demonstrated. The positron tomographic images were compared with those obtained by transmission computed tomography in seven patients; the two studies showed comparable findings in five patients, whereas positron tomography more clearly showed multiple lesions in two. Our results suggest that positron emission tomography is a suitable technique for obtaining high contrast, cross-sectional images of large abdominal organs

Positron tomographic imaging of the liver: 68Ga iron hydroxide colloid

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumar, B.; Miller, T.R.; Siegel, B.A.; Mathias, C.J.; Markham, J.; Ehrhardt, G.J.; Welch, M.J.

1981-01-01

A new radiopharmaceutical, 68 Ga ion hydroxide colloid, for hepatic imaging by positron emission tomography was prepared from the eluate of a 68 Ge- 68 Ga solvent extraction generator. In rats, 84% of the administered dose of colloid localized in the liver and 4.6% accumulated in the spleen. Initial imaging studies in normal dogs showed close correspondence of the findings by positron tomography and transmission computed tomography. Emission tomography with 68 Ga-colloid was performed in 10 patients with hepatic metastases demonstrated by conventional 99mTc sulfur colloid scintigraphy. All focal defects noted on the conventional scintigrams were easily identified and generally were seen more clearly by positron tomography. In one patient, additional lesions not identified on the initial 99mTc sulfur colloid images were demonstrated. The positron tomographic images were compared with those obtained by transmission computed tomography in seven patients; the two studies showed comparable findings in five patients, whereas positron tomography more clearly showed multiple lesions in two. Our results suggest that positron emission tomography is a suitable technique for obtaining high contrast, cross-sectional images of large abdominal organs

Comparison of structure, morphology, and leach characteristics of multi-phase ceramics produced via melt processing and hot isostatic pressing

Science.gov (United States)

Dandeneau, Christopher S.; Hong, Tao; Brinkman, Kyle S.; Vance, Eric R.; Amoroso, Jake W.

2018-04-01

Melt processing of multi-phase ceramic waste forms offers potential advantages over traditional solid-state synthesis methods given both the prevalence of melters currently in use and the ability to reduce the possibility of airborne radionuclide contamination. In this work, multi-phase ceramics with a targeted hollandite composition of Ba1.0Cs0.3Cr1.0Al0.3Fe1.0Ti5.7O16 were fabricated by melt processing at 1675 °C and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 1250 and 1300 °C. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) confirmed hollandite as the major phase in all specimens. Zirconolite/pyrochlore peaks and weaker perovskite reflections were observed after melt processing, while HIP samples displayed prominent perovskite peaks and low-intensity zirconolite reflections. Melt processing produced specimens with large (>50 μm) well-defined hollandite grains, while HIP yielded samples with a more fine-grained morphology. Elemental analysis showed "islands" rich in Cs and Ti across the surface of the 1300 °C HIP sample, suggesting partial melting and partitioning of Cs into multiple phases. Photoemission data revealed multiple Cs 3d spin-orbit pairs for the HIP samples, with the lower binding energy doublets likely corresponding to Cs located in more leachable phases. Among all specimens examined, the melt-processed sample exhibited the lowest fractional release rates for Rb and Cs. However, the retention of Sr and Mo was greater in the HIP specimens.

68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in the evaluation of bone metastases in prostate cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Sachpekidis, Christos; Bäumer, P; Kopka, K; Hadaschik, B A; Hohenfellner, M; Kopp-Schneider, A; Haberkorn, U; Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss, A

2018-06-01

The aims of this retrospective analysis were to compare 68 Ga-PSMA PET findings and low-dose CT findings (120 kV, 30 mA), and to obtain semiquantitative and quantitative 68 Ga-PSMA PET data in patients with prostate cancer (PC) bone metastases. In total, 152 PET/CT scans from 140 patients were evaluated. Of these patients, 30 had previously untreated primary PC, and 110 had biochemical relapse after treatment of primary PC. All patients underwent dynamic PET/CT scanning of the pelvis and lower abdomen as well as whole-body PET/CT with 68 Ga-PSMA-11. The PET/CT scans were analysed qualitatively (visually), semiquantitatively (SUV), and quantitatively based on a two-tissue compartment model and a noncompartmental approach leading to the extraction of the fractal dimension. Differences were considered significant for p values PET-positive and CT-positive, 65 were only 68 Ga-PSMA-positive, and 10 were only CT-positive. The Yang test showed that there were significantly more 68 Ga-PSMA PET-positive lesions than CT-positive lesions. Association analysis showed that PSA plasma levels were significantly correlated with several 68 Ga-PSMA-11-associated parameters in bone metastases, including the degree of tracer uptake (SUV average and SUV max ), its transport rate from plasma to the interstitial/intracellular compartment (K 1 ), its rate of binding to the PSMA receptor and its internalization (k 3 ), its influx rate (K i ), and its distribution heterogeneity. 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT is a useful diagnostic tool in the detection of bone metastases in PC. 68 Ga-PSMA PET visualizes more bone metastases than low-dose CT. PSA plasma levels are significantly correlated with several 68 Ga-PSMA PET parameters.

Studies of the chemical behavior of carrier-free 68Ge. Pt. 2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mirzadeh, S.; Kahn, M.

1986-01-01

A determination of the 68 Ge distribution constant from the distillation of the azeotropic HCl was made. A simple correlation between the distribution constants of the 68 Ge and HCl was observed which can be expressed as D'sub(Ge)=k[D'sub(HCl)]sup(n). (orig.)

Current Flow Through Two Dimensional Arrays of Metal Nanoparticles as a Novel Sensor Platform

Science.gov (United States)

2009-05-01

de qualité élevée, du verre et des substrats de polyéthylène, formaient de tels films. L’implantation de 2-CEES était...Suffield TM 2009-068; R & D pour la défense Canada – Suffield; août 2009. Les indicateurs d’exposition de type macarons sont une composante essentielle... de l’environnement du soldat. On a récemment expérimenté pour mieux résoudre ce problème en déposant des nanoparticules de métal sur du verre

Influence d'un ecran thermique sur le bilan energetique et le microclimat nocturnes d'une serre

OpenAIRE

Baille, M.; Laury, J.C.; Baille, Alain

1984-01-01

Dans cet article, on présente les résultats expérimentaux concernant les effets d’un écran thermique sur les déperditions énergétiques et le microclimat nocturnes de deux serres identiques, mais de matériaux de couverture différents : verre horticole ordinaire (V.O.) et verre à faible émissivité (V.F.E.). lorsque l’écran est déployé, on constate une diminution significative des pertes thermiques globales dans les deux serres. L’écran agit surtout au niveau des pertes par convection et par...

Investigation of Chemical Durability Mechanisms and Structure of Fluoride Glasses.

Science.gov (United States)

1988-03-01

Compositions of fluorozirconate glasses (mol%) mnemonic ZrF 4 BaF 2 LaF 3 A1F 3 LiF source ZBLA 57 36 3 4 -- RADC* ZBLA-F 51.16 38.62 5.66 4.56 -- Le Verre ...Fluore4 ZBLAL 51.8 20.0 5.3 3.3 19.6 NRL * Rome Air Development Center, Hanscom AFB, MA (Dr. El Bayoumi) # Le Verre Fluore’ Co., LeMans, France " Naval...Maine, LeMans, France, (with partial support from the French Foreign Office), studied corrosion of UF4 -based fluorides. - Michel Le Toullec - 10/86

Autosomal-dominant Leber Congenital Amaurosis Caused by a Heterozygous CRX Mutation in a Father and Son.

Science.gov (United States)

Arcot Sadagopan, Karthikeyan; Battista, Robert; Keep, Rosanne B; Capasso, Jenina E; Levin, Alex V

2015-06-01

Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is most often an autosomal recessive disorder. We report a father and son with autosomal dominant LCA due to a mutation in the CRX gene. DNA screening using an allele specific assay of 90 of the most common LCA-causing variations in the coding sequences of AIPL1, CEP290, CRB1, CRX, GUCY2D, RDH12 and RPE65 was performed on the father. Automated DNA sequencing of his son examining exon 3 of the CRX gene was subsequently performed. Both father and son have a heterozygous single base pair deletion of an adenine at codon 153 in the coding sequence of the CRX gene resulting in a frameshift mutation. Mutations involving the CRX gene may demonstrate an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern for LCA.

A Mouse Model of Enterovirus D68 Infection for Assessment of the Efficacy of Inactivated Vaccine

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Chao Zhang

2018-01-01

Full Text Available In recent years, enterovirus D68 (EVD68 has been reported increasingly to be associated with severe respiratory tract infections and acute flaccid myelitis (AFM in children all over the world. Yet, no effective vaccines or antiviral drugs are currently available for EVD68. Although several experimental animal models have been developed, immunogenicity and protective efficacy of inactivated EVD68 vaccines has not been fully evaluated. To promote the development of vaccines, we established an Institute of Cancer Research (ICR suckling mouse model of EVD68 infection in this study. The results showed that ICR neonatal mice up to about nine days of age were susceptible to infection with EVD68 clinical strain US/MO/14-18947 by intraperitoneal injection. The infected mice exhibited progressive limb paralysis prior to death and the mortality of mice was age- and virus dose-dependent. Tissue viral load analysis showed that limb muscle and spinal cord were the major sites of viral replication. Moreover, histopathologic examination revealed the severe necrosis of the limb and juxtaspinal muscles, suggesting that US/MO/14-18947 has a strong tropism toward muscle tissues. Additionally, β-propiolactone-inactivated EVD68 vaccine showed high purity and quality and induced robust EVD68-specific neutralizing antibody responses in adult mice. Importantly, results from both antisera transfer and maternal immunization experiments clearly showed that inactivated EVD68 vaccine was able to protect against lethal viral infection in the mouse model. In short, these results demonstrate the successful establishment of the mouse model of EVD68 infection for evaluating candidate vaccines against EVD68 and also provide important information for the development of inactivated virus-based EVD68 vaccines.

GhWRKY68 reduces resistance to salt and drought in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Haihong Jia

Full Text Available The WRKY transcription factors modulate numerous physiological processes, including plant growth, development and responses to various environmental stresses. Currently, our understanding of the functions of the majority of the WRKY family members and their possible roles in signalling crosstalk is limited. In particular, very few WRKYs have been identified and characterised from an economically important crop, cotton. In this study, we characterised a novel group IIc WRKY gene, GhWRKY68, which is induced by different abiotic stresses and multiple defence-related signalling molecules. The β-glucuronidase activity driven by the GhWRKY68 promoter was enhanced after exposure to drought, salt, abscisic acid (ABA and H2O2. The overexpression of GhWRKY68 in Nicotiana benthamiana reduced resistance to drought and salt and affected several physiological indices. GhWRKY68 may mediate salt and drought responses by modulating ABA content and enhancing the transcript levels of ABA-responsive genes. GhWRKY68-overexpressing plants exhibited reduced tolerance to oxidative stress after drought and salt stress treatments, which correlated with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS, reduced enzyme activities, elevated malondialdehyde (MDA content and altered ROS-related gene expression. These results indicate that GhWRKY68 is a transcription factor that responds to drought and salt stresses by regulating ABA signalling and modulating cellular ROS.

47 CFR 68.610 - Database of terminal equipment.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... permit any entity or segment of the industry to gain a competitive advantage. (d) The Administrative... 68.610 Telecommunication FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION (CONTINUED) COMMON CARRIER SERVICES... requirements of the Federal Communications Commission and the U.S. Customs Service for enforcement purposes...

Enterovirus D68-associated community-acquired pneumonia in children living in Milan, Italy.

Science.gov (United States)

Esposito, Susanna; Zampiero, Alberto; Ruggiero, Luca; Madini, Barbara; Niesters, Hubert; Principi, Nicola

2015-07-01

An increasing number of children infected by enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) and affected by severe respiratory illness, muscle weakness and paralysis were described in the USA and Canada in 2014 OBJECTIVES: To investigate the potential involvement of EV-D68 in determining community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in hospitalised children in order to acquire information concerning the clinical problems associated with EV-D68 in Italy. This prospective study of children hospitalised for CAP in the largest Pediatric Department in Milan, Italy, was carried out between 1 June and 31 December 2014. All of the children's admission nasopharyngeal swabs were investigated for the presence of EV-D68. One hundred and seventy-six children with radiographically confirmed CAP were hospitalised during the 7-month study period: 97 (55.1%) had enterovirus/rhinovirus-positive nasopharyngeal samples, including four (2.3%) positive for EV-D68. These four samples were collected between 9 and 21 October, a month in which 21 cases of CAP were recorded. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all of the sequences fell into clade B. The most severe case was diagnosed in a 14-year-old girl with mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS syndrome), who died after 12 days of hospitalisation. EV-D68 was detected in few children with usually mild-to-moderate lower respiratory tract infection, although the disease lead to the death of a girl with a severe chronic underlying disease. Further studies capable of better defining the epidemiological, genetic and pathogenetic characteristics of the virus are required in order to be able to prepare appropriate preventive and therapeutic measures. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Reduction of {sup 68}Ga-PSMA renal uptake with mannitol infusion. Preliminary results

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matteucci, Federica; Caroli, Paola; Celli, Monica; Fantini, Lorenzo; Paganelli, Giovanni [Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Nuclear Medicine Unit, Meldola (Italy); Mezzenga, Emilio; Sarnelli, Anna [Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Medical Physics Unit, Meldola (Italy); Di Iorio, Valentina [Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Oncology Pharmacy, Meldola (Italy); Moretti, Andrea; Galassi, Riccardo [AUSL Romagna, Nuclear Medicine Unit, Forli (Italy); De Giorgi, Ugo [Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Department of Medical Oncology, Meldola (Italy)

2017-12-15

Urea-based prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligands labelled with {sup 68}Ga or {sup 177}Lu are new tracers with great potential for theranostic approaches in prostate cancer. However, clinical studies have shown that the kidneys are one of the off-target organs along with the salivary and lacrimal glands. In the kidneys, PSMA is physiologically expressed in the apical epithelium of the proximal tubules, and mannitol acts as an osmotic diuretic in these tubules. We investigated the potential of mannitol to reduce renal uptake of {sup 68}Ga-PSMA. Kidney uptake (SUVmax) was calculated in nine patients undergoing {sup 68}Ga-PSMA PET/CT at baseline (b-PET/CT) and after intravenous infusion of 500 ml of 10% mannitol (m-PET/CT). Two different infusion schemes for mannitol were used: (1) 500 ml mannitol was infused over 40 min after {sup 68}Ga-PSMA administration (A-infusion) and (2) 250 ml mannitol was infused over 15 min before and again after {sup 68}Ga-PSMA administration (B-infusion). In patients receiving the A-infusion, mean SUV{sub max} increased by 11.9% and 7.4% in the right and left kidney, respectively. In patients receiving the B-infusion, mean SUV{sub max} decreased by 24.3% and 22.4% in the right and left kidney, respectively. Our preliminary findings indicate that mannitol may play a role in reducing off-target {sup 68}Ga-PSMA renal uptake. Administration of the osmotic diuretic should be rapid and start before {sup 68}Ga-PSMA injection. These results warrant dosimetric studies in patients treated with {sup 177}Lu-PSMA to find the best scheme for mannitol administration. (orig.)

68Ga-DOTA-RGD peptide: biodistribution and binding into atherosclerotic plaques in mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haukkala, Johanna; Laitinen, Iina; Luoto, Pauliina; Knuuti, Juhani; Iveson, Peter; Wilson, Ian; Karlsen, Hege; Cuthbertson, Alan; Laine, Jukka; Leppaenen, Pia; Ylae-Herttula, Seppo; Roivainen, Anne

2009-01-01

Increased expression of αvβ3/αvβ5 integrin is involved in angiogenesis and the inflammatory process in atherosclerotic plaques. The novel 68 Ga-DOTA-RGD peptide binds with high affinity to αvβ3/αvβ5 integrin. The aim of this study was to investigate the uptake of the 68 Ga-DOTA-RGD peptide in atherosclerotic plaques. Uptake of intravenously administered 68 Ga-DOTA-RGD peptide was studied ex vivo in excised tissue samples and aortic sections of LDLR -/- ApoB 100/100 atherosclerotic mice. The uptake of the tracer in aortic cryosections was examined by using digital autoradiography. Subsequently, the autoradiographs were combined with histological and immunohistological analysis of the sections. DOTA-RGD peptide was successfully labelled with the generator-produced 68 Ga. The tracer had reasonably good specific radioactivity (8.7 ± 1.1 GBq/μmol) and was quite stable in vivo. According to ex vivo biodistribution results, 68 Ga-DOTA-RGD was cleared rapidly from the blood circulation and excreted through the kidneys to the urine with high radioactivity in the intestine, lungs, spleen and liver. Autoradiography results showed significantly higher uptake of 68 Ga-DOTA-RGD peptide in the atherosclerotic plaques compared to healthy vessel wall (mean ratio ± SD 1.4 ± 0.1, p = 0.0004). We observed that 68 Ga-DOTA-RGD is accumulated into the plaques of atherosclerotic mice. However, this data only shows the feasibility of the approach, while the clinical significance still remains to be proven. Further studies are warranted to assess the uptake of this tracer into human atherosclerotic plaques. (orig.)

Selecting sex: the effect of preferring sons.

Science.gov (United States)

Hesketh, Therese

2011-11-01

Son preference remains common in countries from East Asia through South Asia to the Middle East and North Africa. Where sex selective technology and abortion are readily available, such as in China, South Korea and India, this has led to a marked excess in male births. Worst excesses are seen in parts of rural China where there are 140 male births for every 100 female. This leads to large numbers of unmarriageable men. Concerns about the consequences centre around the propensity to aggression and violence of these men with increased levels of crime and antisocial behaviour, threatening societal stability and security. But recent studies do not support these assumptions, but rather suggest that these men are marginalised, lonely, withdrawn and prone to psychological problems. Measures to reduce sex selection should include enforcement of existing legislation on sex-selection, and public awareness campaigns about the dangers of late abortion and gender imbalance. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Why Are Indian Children So Short? The Role of Birth Order and Son Preference.

Science.gov (United States)

Jayachandran, Seema; Pandi, Rohini

2017-09-01

Child stunting in India exceeds that in poorer regions like sub-Saharan Africa. Data on over 168,000 children show that, relative to Africa, India's height disadvantage increases sharply with birth order. We posit that India’s steep birth order gradient is due to favoritism toward eldest sons, which affects parents' fertility decisions and resource allocation across children. We show that, within India, the gradient is steeper for high-son-preference regions and religions. The gradient also varies with sibling gender as predicted. A back-of-the-envelope calculation suggests that India's steeper birth order gradient can explain over one-half of the India-Africa gap in average child height.

Syntheses and evaluation of 68 Ga- and 153 Sm-labeled DOTA-conjugated bisphosphonate ligand for potential use in detection of skeletal metastases and management of pain arising from skeletal metastases.

Science.gov (United States)

Chakraborty, Sudipta; Goswami, Dibakar; Chakravarty, Rubel; Mohammed, Sahiralam Khan; Sarma, Haladhar Deb; Dash, Ashutosh

2018-05-05

This article reports the syntheses and evaluation of 68 Ga- and 153 Sm-complexes of a new DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid)-conjugated geminal bisphosphonate, DOTA-Bn-SCN-BP, for their potential uses in the early detection of skeletal metastases by imaging and palliation of pain arising from skeletal metastases, respectively. The conjugate was synthesized in high purity following an easily adaptable three-step reaction scheme. Gallium-68- and 153 Sm-complexes were prepared in high yield (>98%) and showed excellent in vitro stability in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and human serum. Both the complexes showed high affinity for hydroxyapatite particles in in vitro binding study. In biodistribution studies carried out in normal Wistar rats, both the complexes exhibited rapid skeletal accumulation with almost no retention in any other major organ. The newly synthesized molecule DOTA-Bn-SCN-BP would therefore be a promising targeting ligand for the development of radiopharmaceuticals for both imaging skeletal metastases and palliation of pain arising out of it in patients with cancer when radiolabeled with 68 Ga and 153 Sm, respectively. A systematic comparative evaluation, however, showed that there was no significant improvement of skeletal accumulation of the 153 Sm-DOTA-Bn-SCN-BP complex over 153 Sm-DOTMP (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetramethylenephosphonic acid) as the later itself demonstrated optimal properties required for an agent for bone pain palliation. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Preclinical evaluation of two 68Ga-siderophores as potential radiopharmaceuticals for Aspergillus fumigatus infection imaging

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Petrik, Milos; Franssen, Gerben M.; Laverman, Peter; Haas, Hubertus; Schrettl, Markus; Hoertnagl, Caroline; Lass-Floerl, Cornelia; Helbok, Anna; Decristoforo, Clemens

2012-01-01

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is mainly caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, and is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. The mortality associated with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis remains high, mainly due to the difficulties and limitations in diagnosis. We have shown that siderophores can be labelled with 68 Ga and can be used for PET imaging of A. fumigatus infection in rats. Here we report on the further evaluation of the most promising 68 Ga-siderophore candidates, triacetylfusarinine (TAFC) and ferrioxamine E (FOXE). Siderophores were labelled with 68 Ga using acetate buffer. Log P, protein binding and stability values were determined. Uptake by A. fumigatus was studied in vitro in cultures with high and low iron loads. In vivo biodistribution was determined in normal mice and an infection model was established using neutropenic rats inoculated with A. fumigatus. Static and dynamic μPET imaging was performed and correlated with CT images, and lung infection was evaluated ex vivo. 68 Ga-siderophores were labelled with high radiochemical purity and specific activity. 68 Ga-TAFC and 68 Ga-FOXE showed high uptake by A. fumigatus in iron-deficient cultures. In normal mice, 68 Ga-TAFC and 68 Ga-FOXE showed rapid renal excretion with high metabolic stability. In the rat infection model focal lung uptake was detected by μPET with both compounds and increased with severity of the infection, correlating with abnormal CT images. 68 Ga-TAFC and 68 Ga-FOXE displayed excellent in vitro stability and high uptake by A. fumigatus. Both compounds showed excellent pharmacokinetics, highly selective accumulation in infected lung tissue and good correlation with severity of disease in a rat infection model, which makes them promising agents for A. fumigatus infection imaging. (orig.)

40 CFR 68.22 - Offsite consequence analysis parameters.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 15 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Offsite consequence analysis... PROGRAMS (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Hazard Assessment § 68.22 Offsite consequence analysis parameters. (a) Endpoints. For analyses of offsite consequences, the following endpoints shall be...

Status of the synroc project

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Reeve, K.D.; Ramm, E.J.; Woolfrey, J.L.; Ryan, R.K.; Buykx, W.J.; Cassidy, D.J.; Webb, C.E.

1980-10-01

SYNROC-B has been proposed as a vehicle for the immobilisation of solidified radioactive waste. It consists of an assemblage of three synthetic mineral phases: perovskite, barium hollandite and zirconolite. Fabrication studies, leach testing and irradiation testing of SYNROC are reported

Preparation of gallium-68 radiopharmaceuticals for positron tomography. Progress report, November 1, 1977-October 31, 1980

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Welch, M.J.

1980-06-01

Although the germanium-68 ..-->.. gallium-68 generator is probably the only source of positron-emitting radionuclides that could enable the widespread application of positron tomography, the commercially available /sup 68/Ga//sup 68/Ge generator system suffers from several major disadvantages. The most important of these is that the generator is eluted with EDTA, which forms a very strong chelate with gallium. In order to produce radiopharmaceuticals other than /sup 68/Ga-EDTA, it is first necessary to break the stable EDTA complex and remove all traces of EDTA. This procedure adds several steps and a significant amount of time to procedures for preparing /sup 68/Ga-radiopharmaceuticals. We have developed a new generator using a solvent extraction system which will produce /sup 68/Ga-oxine (8-hydroxyquinoline), a weak chelate. Using this agent we have synthesized several /sup 68/Ga-radiopharmaceuticals and tested them in vitro and in vivo. We have also carried out some preliminary studies to compare generator systems which produce /sup 68/Ga in an ionic form. Attempts have been made using polarographic and chromatographic techniques, and in vivo distribution data to investigate the stability of radiogallium complexes with a series of potentially lipophilic complexing agents.

PSA-stratified detection rates for [68Ga]THP-PSMA, a novel probe for rapid kit-based 68Ga-labeling and PET imaging, in patients with biochemical recurrence after primary therapy for prostate cancer.

Science.gov (United States)

Derlin, Thorsten; Schmuck, Sebastian; Juhl, Cathleen; Zörgiebel, Johanna; Schneefeld, Sophie M; Walte, Almut C A; Hueper, Katja; von Klot, Christoph A; Henkenberens, Christoph; Christiansen, Hans; Thackeray, James T; Ross, Tobias L; Bengel, Frank M

2018-06-01

[ 68 Ga]Tris(hydroxypyridinone)(THP)-PSMA is a novel radiopharmaceutical for one-step kit-based radiolabelling, based on direct chelation of 68 Ga 3+ at low concentration, room temperature and over a wide pH range, using direct elution from a 68 Ge/ 68 Ga-generator. We evaluated the clinical detection rates of [ 68 Ga]THP-PSMA PET/CT in patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer after prostatectomy. Consecutive patients (n=99) referred for evaluation of biochemical relapse of prostate cancer by [ 68 Ga]THP-PSMA PET/CT were analyzed retrospectively. Patients underwent a standard whole-body PET/CT (1 h p.i.), followed by delayed (3 h p.i.) imaging of the abdomen. PSA-stratified cohorts of positive PET/CT results, standardized uptake values (SUVs) and target-to-background ratios (TBRs) were analyzed, and compared between standard and delayed imaging. At least one lesion suggestive of recurrent or metastatic prostate cancer was identified on PET images in 52 patients (52.5%). Detection rates of [ 68 Ga]THP-PSMA PET/CT increased with increasing PSA level: 94.1% for a PSA value of ≥10 ng/mL, 77.3% for a PSA value of 2 to PSA value of 1 to PSA value of 0.5 to PSA value of >0.2 to PSA value of 0.01 to 0.2 ng/mL. [ 68 Ga]THP-PSMA uptake (SUVs) in metastases decreased over time, whereas TBRs improved. Delayed imaging at 3 h p.i. exclusively identified pathologic findings in 2% of [ 68 Ga]THP-PSMA PET/CT scans. Detection rate was higher in patients with a Gleason score ≥8 (P=0.02) and in patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy (P=0.003). In this study, [ 68 Ga]THP-PSMA PET/CT showed suitable detection rates in patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer and PSA levels ≥ 2 ng /mL. Detections rates were lower than in previous studies evaluating other PSMA ligands, though prospective direct radiotracer comparison studies are mandatory particularly in patients with low PSA levels to evaluate the relative performance of different PSMA ligands.

Detection rate of PET/CT in patients with biochemical relapse of prostate cancer using [{sup 68}Ga]PSMA I and T and comparison with published data of [{sup 68}Ga]PSMA HBED-CC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Berliner, Christoph; Tienken, Milena; Kobayashi, Yuske; Helberg, Annabelle; Kirchner, Uve; Klutmann, Susanne; Mester, Janos; Bannas, Peter [University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Hamburg (Germany); Frenzel, Thorsten [University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Ambulatory Center, Department for Radiation Oncology, Hamburg (Germany); Beyersdorff, Dirk [University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Hamburg (Germany); University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martini-Klinik, Hamburg (Germany); Budaeus, Lars [University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martini-Klinik, Hamburg (Germany); Wester, Hans-Juergen [Technical University Munich, Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Garching (Germany)

2017-04-15

To determine the detection rate of PET/CT in biochemical relapse of prostate cancer using [{sup 68}Ga]PSMA I and T and to compare it with published detection rates of [{sup 68}Ga]PSMA HBED-CC. We performed a retrospective analysis in 83 consecutive patients with documented biochemical relapse after prostatectomy. All patients underwent whole body [{sup 68}Ga]PSMA I and T PET/CT. PET/CT images were evaluated for presence of local recurrence, lymph node metastases, and distant metastases. Proportions of positive PET/CT results were calculated for six subgroups with increasing prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels (<0.5 ng/mL, 0.5 to <1.0 ng/mL, 1.0 to <2.0 ng/mL, 2.0 to <5.0 ng/mL, 5.0 to <10.0, ≥10.0 ng/mL). Detection rates of [{sup 68}Ga]PSMA I and T were statistically compared with published detection rates of [{sup 68}Ga]PSMA HBED-CC using exact Fisher's test. Median PSA was 0.81 (range: 0.01 - 128) ng/mL. In 58/83 patients (70 %) at least one [{sup 68}Ga]PSMA I and T positive lesion was detected. Local recurrent cancer was present in 18 patients (22 %), lymph node metastases in 29 patients (35 %), and distant metastases in 15 patients (18 %). The tumor detection rate was positively correlated with PSA levels, resulting in detection rates of 52 % (<0.5 ng/mL), 55 % (0.5 to <1.0 ng/mL), 70 % (1.0 to <2.0 ng/mL), 93 % (2.0 to <5.0 ng/mL), 100 % (5.0 to <10.0 ng/mL), and 100 % (≥10.0 ng/mL). There was no significant difference between the detection rate of [{sup 68}Ga]PSMA I and T and published detection rates of [{sup 68}Ga]PSMA HBED-CC (all p>0.05). [{sup 68}Ga]PSMA I and T PET/CT has high detection rates of recurrent prostate cancer that are comparable to [{sup 68}Ga]PSMA HBED-CC. (orig.)

BAKUNIN'S SON, A DIALOGIC NOVEL BY SERGIO ATZENI

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Masina Depperu (Universidade de Lisboa

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Bakunin’s Son, a short novel by Sergio Atzeni, is the perfect embodiment of Bakhtin’s theory of the dialogic novel. The author sets his stories and characters - mostly humble outcast defeated people - in his own homeland, Sardinia. The accurately planned structure as an interview to thirty-two people reflects a multifarious reality with its complex rules and mentality expressed through different points of view, languages and ideologies. The protagonist’s story may result contradictory according to the different opinions of people who met him. Also the choice of a hybrid language contributes to create a highly connoted cultural context. In Bakunin’s Son, in fact, the Italian and the Sardinian overlap in a manner that cannot be distinguished or graphically marked, since form and meaning are fused together.Key words: dialogic novel, hybrid language.O filho de Bakunin, um romance polifónico de Sergio AtzeniO romance breve de Sergio Atzeni, O filho de Bakunin, è a perfeita exemplificação da teoria bachtininana do romance polifónico. O autor insere as histórias e as persona gens, geralmente abatidas, pessoas humildes e marginalizadas, na sua terra natal, a Sardenha. A história è estruturada na forma de entrevista a trinta e duas persona gens que com os seus pontos de vista criam una realidade multi-facetada e subjectiva. A vida de Tullio Saba, o protagonista, está narrada às vezes em modo contraditório e, por isso, os factos podem ser divergentes nas opiniões de quem esteve mais ou menos em contacto directo com ele. O uso característico de um instrumento linguístico híbrido, a meio caminho entre o italiano e o sardo, conota não somente o léxico mas também a estruturação inteira do discurso que atinge o efeito final pretendido pelo autor de descrever uma diversa ealidade antropológico-cultural.Palavras chave: romance polifónico, instrumento linguístico híbrido

Clinical severity of pediatric respiratory illness with enterovirus D68 compared with rhinovirus or other enterovirus genotypes.

Science.gov (United States)

Mertz, Dominik; Alawfi, Abdulsalam; Pernica, Jeffrey M; Rutherford, Candy; Luinstra, Kathy; Smieja, Marek

2015-11-17

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) resulted in a reported increase in the number of children needing hospital or critical care admission because of respiratory insufficiency during 2014. It remains unclear, however, whether EV-D68 infections were more severe than rhinovirus or non-EV-D68 enterovirus infections. We evaluated consecutive children presenting to a pediatric hospital between Aug. 1 and Oct. 31, 2014, with positive nasopharyngeal swabs for rhinovirus or enterovirus that were sent automatically for EV-D68 testing. We compared characteristics and outcomes of patients with EV-D68 with those with rhinovirus or non-EV-D68 enterovirus in a matched cohort study. A total of 93/297 (31.3%) of rhinovirus or enterovirus samples tested positive for EV-D68, and it was possible to compare 87 matched pairs. Children with EV-D68 infection were more likely to have difficulty breathing (odds ratio [OR] 3.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.47-6.14). There was no significant difference in admission to the critical care unit or death among children with EV-D68 infection compared with those with other rhinovirus or enterovirus infections (adjusted OR 1.47, 95% CI 0.61-3.52). Children with EV-D68 infection were more often admitted to hospital, but not significantly so (adjusted OR 2.29, 95% CI 0.96-5.46). Enterovirus D68 seems to be a more virulent pulmonary pathogen than rhinovirus or non-EV-D68 enterovirus, but we did not find a significant difference in death or need for critical care. © 2015 Canadian Medical Association or its licensors.

THE APOCOPE IN THE LOAN WORDS ALINTI KELİMELERDE SON SES DÜŞMESİ

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Aylin KOÇ

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Disappearance is the loss of a sound in structure of the word with some reasons. There are three types of disappearance: apheresis, syncope and apocope. The apocope is disappearance of a vowel or consonant at the end of a word. This situation isn’t standard in whole dialects and accents. Some dropping sounds, have an intense in a spesific region, they aren’t seen in the other areas or have rare examples. This is rather common in the dialects. In this study will be handled the apocope in the loan words with the examples in Turkey Turkish and contemporary Turkish dialects. Bir kelimedeki seslerden birinin, çeşitli nedenlerle düşmesine ses düşmesi denir. Ses düşmesi üç çeşittir: ön ses düşmesi, iç ses düşmesi ve son ses düşmesi. Son ses düşmesi, kelimede son ses durumunda olan ünlü veya ünsüzün düşmesidir. Bu durum, bütün lehçelerde ve ağızlarda standart değildir. Düşen bazı sesler, belli bir bölge içinde yoğunlaşırken, bazı bölgelerde görülmemekte ve hatta birkaç ya da bir örnekle sınırlı kalabilmektedir. Bu daha çok ağızlarda görülür. Çalışmada, Türkiye Türkçesinde ve Çağdaş Türk Lehçelerinde alıntı kelimelerde son ses düşmesi bahsi örnekleriyle ele alınacaktır.

Positron Tomographic Imaging Of The Liver With Ga-68 Iron Hydroxide Colloid

Science.gov (United States)

Kumar, Bharath; Miller, Tom R.; Siegel, Barry A.; Mathias, Carla J.; Markham, Joanne; Ehrhardt, Gary J.; Welch, Michael J.

1980-08-01

A new radiopharmaceutical, 68Ga-iron hydroxide colloid, for hepatic imaging by positron emission tomography (PET) was prepared from the eluate of a "Ge-68Ga solvent extraction generator. In rats, 84% of the administered dose of colloid localized in the liver and 4.6% accumulated in the spleen. Initial imaging studies in normal dogs showed close correspondence of the findings by PET and transmission computed tomography (CT). PET with 68Ga-colloid was performed in 10 patients with hepatic metastases demonstrated by conventional scintigraphy with 99mTc-sulfur colloid. All focal defects noted on the conventional scintigrams were easily identified and generally seen more clearly by PET. In one patient, lesions not identified on the initial 99mTc-sulfur colloid images were demonstrated by PET. The positron tomographic images were compared with those obtained by CT in 7 patients; the two studies showed comparable findings in 5 patients, whereas PET more clearly showed multiple lesions in 2. Our results suggest that PET is a suitable technique for obtaining high-contrast, cross-sectional images of large abdominal organs. Emission computed tomography with positron-emitting radionuclides shows promise as an important new tool for clinical research (1-4). Unfortunately, wide clinical application of positron-emission tomography (PET) is presently limited by the need for an expensive, hospital-based cyclotron facility and highly trained professional and technical personnel to synthesize the radiopharmaceuticals labeled with the very short-lived radionuclides 11c, 13N, 150 and 18 F that are employed most commonly in such studies. These difficulties may be circumvented in part by the use of a simple generator system that produces the positron-emitting radionuclide 68Ga (T1/2 = 68 min) from the long-lived parent 68Ge (T1/2 = 275 days) (5-7). A large number of radiopharmaceuticals of potential clinical interest may be prepared readily from the eluate of such a generator (6

Characterization of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus orf68 gene that encodes a novel structural protein of budded virus.

Science.gov (United States)

Iwanaga, Masashi; Kurihara, Masaaki; Kobayashi, Masahiko; Kang, WonKyung

2002-05-25

All lepidopteran baculovirus genomes sequenced to date encode a homolog of the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) orf68 gene, suggesting that it performs an important role in the virus life cycle. In this article we describe the characterization of BmNPV orf68 gene. Northern and Western analyses demonstrated that orf68 gene was expressed as a late gene and encoded a structural protein of budded virus (BV). Immunohistochemical analysis by confocal microscopy showed that ORF68 protein was localized mainly in the nucleus of infected cells. To examine the function of orf68 gene, we constructed orf68 deletion mutant (BmD68) and characterized it in BmN cells and larvae of B. mori. BV production was delayed in BmD68-infected cells. The larval bioassays also demonstrated that deletion of orf68 did not reduce the infectivity, but mutant virus took 70 h longer to kill the host than wild-type BmNPV. In addition, dot-blot analysis showed viral DNA accumulated more slowly in mutant infected cells. Further examination suggested that BmD68 was less efficient in entry and budding from cells, although it seemed to possess normal attachment ability. These results suggest that ORF68 is a BV-associated protein involved in secondary infection from cell-to-cell. (c) 2002 Elsevier Science (USA).

Development of {sup 68}Ga-labelled DTPA galactosyl human serum albumin for liver function imaging

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Haubner, Roland [Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Innsbruck (Austria); Medizinische Universitaet Innsbruck, Universitaetsklinik fuer Nuklearmedizin, Innsbruck (Austria); Vera, David R.; Farshchi-Heydari, Salman [University of California, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, and the UCSD Molecular Imaging Program, San Diego, CA (United States); Helbok, Anna; Rangger, Christine; Putzer, Daniel; Virgolini, Irene J. [Innsbruck Medical University, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Innsbruck (Austria)

2013-08-15

The hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor is responsible for degradation of desialylated glycoproteins through receptor-mediated endocytosis. It has been shown that imaging of the receptor density using [{sup 99m}Tc]diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) galactosyl human serum albumin ([{sup 99m}Tc]GSA) allows non-invasive determination of functional hepatocellular mass. Here we present the synthesis and evaluation of [{sup 68}Ga]GSA for the potential use with positron emission tomography (PET). Labelling of GSA with {sup 68}Ga was carried out using a fractionated elution protocol. For quality control thin-layer chromatography (TLC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) techniques were evaluated. Stability of [{sup 68}Ga]GSA was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and human serum. For in vivo evaluation [{sup 68}Ga]GSA distribution in Lewis rats was compared with [{sup 99m}Tc]GSA by using a dual isotope protocol. PET and planar imaging studies were performed using the same scaled molar dose of [{sup 68}Ga]GSA and [{sup 99m}Tc]GSA. Time-activity curves (TAC) for heart and liver were generated and corresponding parameters calculated (t50, t90). [{sup 68}Ga]GSA can be produced with high radiochemical purity. The best TLC methods for determining potential free {sup 68}Ga include 0.1 M sodium citrate as eluent. None of the TLC methods tested were able to determine potential colloids. This can be achieved by SEC. HPLC confirmed high radiochemical purity (>98 %). Stability after 120 min incubation at 37 C was high in PBS (>95 % intact tracer) and low in human serum ({proportional_to}27 % intact tracer). Biodistribution studies simultaneously injecting both tracers showed comparable liver uptake, whereas activity concentration in blood was higher for [{sup 68}Ga]GSA compared to [{sup 99m}Tc]GSA. The [{sup 99m}Tc]GSA TACs exhibited a small degree of hepatic metabolism compared to the [{sup 68}Ga]GSA curves. The mean

Preparation of Ga-68-NOTA as a renal PET agent and feasibility tests in mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Ji Youn; Jeong, Jae Min; Kim, Young Ju; Jeong, Hyuk-Jin; Lee, Yun-Sang; Lee, Dong Soo

2014-01-01

Introduction: Positron emission tomography (PET) may provide more accurate quantification of kidney function such as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) than gamma imaging. The purpose of these experiments was to prepare and evaluate Ga-68 complexes as potential PET agents for measurement of GFR. Methods: We labeled EDTA, DTPA, DOTA, and NOTA with Ga-68 obtained from a Ge-68/Ga-68-generator and measured the binding to serum and red blood cells. Biodistribution study was performed in male BALB/c mice after intravenous injection together with Cr-51-EDTA as the standard for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurement. Animal-PET study was performed using BALB/c mice. Results: All the tested chelating agents except DTPA showed quantitative labeling yields (> 99%). Among them, Ga-68-NOTA showed consistently low binding to both human and mouse RBC and serum protein. Biodistribution study showed no significant difference between Ga-68-NOTA and Cr-51-EDTA groups by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the GFR values obtained by Ga-68-NOTA and Cr-51-EDTA were almost same (0.26 ± 0.04 and 0.25 ± 0.04 mL/min, respectively). Animal-PET study showed almost the same GFR (0.25 mL/min) with the values obtained by biodistribution study. Conclusion: We proved that an easy-to-prepare agent Ga-68-NOTA is ideal for renal PET as well as for GFR measurement

41 CFR 105-68.340 - If I disclose unfavorable information required under § 105-68.335, will I be prevented from...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... Management Regulations System (Continued) GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION Regional Offices-General Services... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false If I disclose unfavorable information required under § 105-68.335, will I be prevented from participating in the...

Cryptorchidism and hypospadias in sons of gardeners and farmers

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Weidner, I S; Møller, H; Jensen, Tina Kold

1998-01-01

Cryptorchidism and hypospadias have been related to prenatal estrogen exposure in animal models. Some chemicals used in farming and gardening have been shown to possess estrogenic and other hormone-disrupting effects. Earlier studies have indicated increased risks of urogenital malformations...... in the sons of pesticide appliers. In the present study, parental occupation in the farming and gardening industry among 6,177 cases of cryptorchidism, 1,345 cases of hypospadias, and 23,273 controls, born live from 1983 to 1992 in Denmark, was investigated in a register-based case-control study...... of female gardeners could suggest an association with prenatal exposure to occupationally related chemicals....

68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT imaging of indeterminate pulmonary nodules and lung cancer.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ronald Walker

Full Text Available 18F-FDG PET/CT is widely used to evaluate indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPNs. False positive results occur, especially from active granulomatous nodules. A PET-based imaging agent with superior specificity to 18F-FDG for IPNs, is badly needed, especially in areas of endemic granulomatous nodules. Somatostatin receptors (SSTR are expressed in many malignant cells including small cell and non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs. 68Ga-DOTATATE, a positron emitter labeled somatostatin analog, combined with PET/CT imaging, may improve the diagnosis of IPNs over 18F-FDG by reducing false positives. Our study purpose was to test this hypothesis in our region with high endemic granulomatous IPNs.We prospectively performed 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT scans in the same 30 patients with newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve lung cancer (N = 14 or IPNs (N = 15 and one metastatic nodule. 68Ga-DOTATATE SUVmax levels at or above 1.5 were considered likely malignant. We analyzed the scan results, correlating with ultimate diagnosis via biopsy or 2-year chest CT follow-up. We also correlated 68Ga-DOTATATE uptake with immunohistochemical (IHC staining for SSTR subtype 2A (SSTR2A in pathological specimens.We analyzed 31 lesions in 30 individuals, with 14 (45% being non-neuroendocrine lung cancers and 1 (3% being metastatic disease. McNemar's result comparing the two radiopharmaceuticals (p = 0.65 indicates that their accuracy of diagnosis in this indication are equivalent. 68Ga-DOTATATE was more specific (94% compared to 81% and less sensitive 73% compared to 93% than 18F-FDG. 68Ga-DOTATATE uptake correlated with SSTR2A expression in tumor stroma determined by immunohistochemical (IHC staining in 5 of 9 (55% NSCLCs.68Ga-DOTATATE and 18F-FDG PET/CT had equivalent accuracy in the diagnosis of non-neuroendocrine lung cancer and 68Ga-DOTATATE was more specific than 18F-FDG for the diagnosis of IPNs. IHC staining for SSTR2A receptor expression correlated with

28 CFR 68.42 - In camera and protective orders.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... UNLAWFUL EMPLOYMENT OF ALIENS, UNFAIR IMMIGRATION-RELATED EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES, AND DOCUMENT FRAUD § 68.42... an opportunity for arrangements to permit a party or a representative to have access to such matter...

28 CFR 68.45 - Designation of parts of documents.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... UNLAWFUL EMPLOYMENT OF ALIENS, UNFAIR IMMIGRATION-RELATED EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES, AND DOCUMENT FRAUD § 68.45... afforded an opportunity to examine the entire document and to offer in evidence in like manner other...

Calculated Phase Relations in the System KFMASH Between 6 and 16 GPa

Science.gov (United States)

Massonne, H.; Brandelik, A.

2005-12-01

To better understand the modal compositions of deeply buried metagranitoids and metapelites, phase relations in the model system K2O-FeO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O (KFMASH) with SiO2 in excess were calculated applying thermodynamic principles. We used the software package PTGIBBS, published data, and thermodynamic data (e.g. for phase egg (AlSiO3OH), K-hollandite (KAlSi3O8)) newly derived on the basis of former high-pressure (HP) experiments. Non-ideal mixing was considered for the solid solution series of garnet (components: pyrope, majorite, almandine) and potassic white mica (components: muscovite, MgAl-celadonite, FeAl-celadonite). For phases such as HP-clinoenstatite ((Mg,Fe)SiO3), Si-spinel ((Fe,Mg)2SiO4), and beta phase ((Mg,Fe)2SiO4) only binary solid solutions, assuming ideal mixing, were taken into account. On the basis of the above data, we constructed petrogenetic grids mainly for the P-T range 6 to 16 GPa and 600 to 1600 ° C. Typical features of these grids are, for instance, the disappearance of K-cymrite (KAlSi3O8 H2O) with rising pressure close to 10 GPa and the occurrence of phase egg above 12 GPa. In KMASH potassic white mica reacts with OH-topaz at about 11 GPa (1000-1200 ° C) to form pyrope + K-hollandite. The content of majorite component in pyrope is less than 1 mol% which is systematically so for all garnets coexisting with an Al-silicate at least up to 16 GPa. Potassic white mica, which is virtually pure MgAl-celadonite, finally breaks down at pressures close to 12 GPa. Decomposition assemblages are K-hollandite + HP-clinoenstatite + H2O (T free) garnet + Al-silicate. The latter phase is either OH-topaz (Al2SiO4(OH)2) or phase egg or kyanite also depending on the availability of H2O. Metagranitoids should be composed of shishovite + K-hollandite + majorite-bearing garnet + (enstatite-rich) clinopyroxene. Si-spinel is an important additional phase in this assemblage. This phase shows increasing amounts by approaching to 16 GPa.

Gallium‐68 DOTATATE Production with Automated PET Radiopharmaceutical Synthesis System: A Three Year Experience

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alireza Aslani

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Objective(s: Gallium‐68 (Ga‐68 is an ideal research and hospital‐based PET radioisotope. Currently, the main form of Ga‐68 radiopharmaceutical that is being synthesised in‐house is Ga‐68 conjugated with DOTA based derivatives. The development of automated synthesis systems has increased the reliability, reproducibility and safety of radiopharmaceutical productions. Here we report on our three year, 500 syntheses experience with an automated system for Ga‐68 DOTATATE. Methods: The automated synthesis system we use is divided into three parts of a servomotor modules, b single use sterile synthesis cassettes and, c a computerized system that runs the modules. An audit trail is produced by the system as a requirement for GMP production. The required reagents and chemicals are made in‐. The Germanium breakthrough is determined on a weekly basis. Production yields for each synthesis are calculated to monitor the performance and efficiency of the synthesis. The quality of the final product is assessed after each synthesis by ITLC‐SG and HPLC methods. Results: A total of 500 Ga‐68 DOTATATE syntheses (>800 patient doses were performed between March 2011 and February 2014. The average generator yield was 81.3±0.2% for 2011, 76.7±0.4% for 2012 and 75.0±0.3% for 2013. Ga‐68 DOTATATE yields for 2011, 2012, and 2013 were 81.8±0.4%, 82.2±0.4% and 87.9±0.4%, respectively. These exceed the manufacturer’s expected value of approximately 70%. Germanium breakthrough averaged 8.6×10‐6% of total activity which is well below the recommended level of 0.001%. The average ITLC‐measured radiochemical purity was above 98.5% and the average HPLC‐measured radiochemical purity was above 99.5%. Although there were some system failures during synthesis, there were only eight occasions where the patient scans needed to be rescheduled. Conclusion: In our experience the automated synthesis system performs reliably with a relatively low incident

Integration of replication-defective R68.45-like plasmids into the Pseudomonas aeruginosa chromosome.

Science.gov (United States)

Reimmann, C; Rella, M; Haas, D

1988-06-01

R68.45 and other similar broad-host-range (IncP) plasmids carrying a tandem repeat of the 2.1 kb insertion element IS21 mobilize the chromosome of many different Gram-negative bacteria. To analyse the structure of R68.45-chromosome cointegrates, whose involvement in the mobilization process had been postulated previously, we selected for the stable integration of R68.45-like plasmids into the Pseudomonas aeruginosa chromosome. Two plasmids were chosen: pME28, a transfer-deficient, mobilizable RP1 derivative with an inactive replication control (trfA) gene, and pME487, an R68.45 derivative with a trfA(ts) mutation causing temperature-sensitive replication. Chromosomally integrated pME28 and pME487 were found to be flanked by single IS21 elements. This structure is in agreement with a 'cut-and-paste' mode of R68.45 transposition. pME28 and pME487 showed a low specificity of insertion but rarely (less than 0.1%) induced auxotrophic mutations. Hfr (high-frequency-of-recombination) donors of P. aeruginosa could be obtained by chromosomal integration of pME487 or pME28; in the latter case, the transfer functions lacking from pME28 had to be provided in trans on an autonomous plasmid. Hfr donors gave higher conjugational linkage and transferred longer stretches of the P. aeruginosa chromosome than did R68.45 donors. This suggests that the integration of R68.45 into the donor chromosome is short-lived in P. aeruginosa.

28 CFR 68.50 - Receipt of documents after hearing.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... UNLAWFUL EMPLOYMENT OF ALIENS, UNFAIR IMMIGRATION-RELATED EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES, AND DOCUMENT FRAUD § 68.50... opportunity to comment thereon. Copies shall be received not later than twenty (20) days after the close of...

40 CFR 68.175 - Prevention program/Program 3.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Risk Management Plan § 68.175 Prevention program/Program 3. (a) For each Program 3 process, the owner or operator shall provide the information indicated in paragraphs (b) through (p) of this section. If the same information applies to more than one covered process...

Susceptibilities of enterovirus D68, enterovirus 71, and rhinovirus 87 strains to various antiviral compounds.

Science.gov (United States)

Smee, Donald F; Evans, W Joseph; Nicolaou, K C; Tarbet, E Bart; Day, Craig W

2016-07-01

Compounds were evaluated for antiviral activity in rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells against a recent 2014 clinical isolate of enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), a 1962 strain of EV-68D, rhinovirus 87 (RV-87, serologically the same as EV-D68), and enterovirus 71 (EV-71). Test substances included known-active antipicornavirus agents (enviroxime, guanidine HCl, pirodavir, pleconaril, and rupintrivir), nucleobase/nucleoside analogs (3-deazaguanine and ribavirin), and three novel epidithiodiketopiperazines (KCN-2,2'-epi-19, KCN-19, and KCN-21). Of these, rupintrivir was the most potent, with 50% inhibition of viral cytopathic effect (EC50) and 90% inhibition (EC90) of virus yield at 0.0022-0.0053 μM against EV-D68. Enviroxime, pleconaril and the KCN compounds showed efficacy at 0.01-0.3 μM; 3-deazaguanine and pirodavir inhibited EV-D68 at 7-13 μM, and guanidine HCl and ribavirin were inhibitory at 80-135 μM. Pirodavir was active against EV-71 (EC50 of 0.78 μM) but not against RV-87 or EV-D68, and all other compounds were less effective against EV-71 than against RV-87 and EV-D68. The most promising compound inhibiting both virus infections at low concentrations was rupintrivir. Antiviral activity was confirmed for the ten compounds in virus yield reduction (VYR) assays in RD cells, and for enviroxime, guanidine HCl, and pirodavir by cytopathic effect (CPE) assays in A549, HeLa-Ohio-1, and RD cells. These studies may serve as a basis for further pre-clinical discovery of anti-enterovirus inhibitors. Furthermore, the antiviral profiles and growth characteristics observed herein support the assertion that EV-D68 should be classified together with RV-87. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Dipole polarizability and neutron skin in {sup 68}Ni

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rossi, Dominic [GSI Darmstadt (Germany); Univ. Mainz (Germany); NSCL, MSU (United States); Aumann, Thomas [TU Darmstadt (Germany); Boretzky, Konstanze [GSI Darmstadt (Germany); Collaboration: R3B-Collaboration

2014-07-01

The symmetry energy term E{sub sym} of the nuclear equation-of-state describes fundamental phenomena both in nuclear physics and in astrophysics. The electric dipole (E1) response of nuclei as a function of the isospin asymmetry is driven by E{sub sym} and in particular by its density dependence. Studies of the Pygmy Dipole Resonance (PDR) in exotic nuclei have been used to constrain E{sub sym} or the neutron skin thickness ΔR{sub n,p}. The electric dipole polarizability α{sub D}, being very sensitive to the low-lying E1 strength, is correlated to ΔR{sub n,p} in a robust and only moderately less model-dependent manner [PRC 81, 051303 (2010)]. Recently, for the stable nucleus, 208Pb the neutron skin thickness was extracted from the measured αD. Here, a first experimental determination of α{sub D} in an unstable nucleus and the derivation of its ΔR{sub n,p} will be reported. Coulomb excitation in inverse kinematics at the R3B-LAND setup at GSI allows for the investigation of the dipole strength distribution in the neutron-rich {sup 68}Ni covering the pygmy (PDR) and giant dipole resonance (GDR). The E1 strength distribution in the neutron-rich {sup 68}Ni covering the pygmy (PDR) and giant dipole resonance (GDR) s investigated using the R3B-LAND setup at GSI. From the E1 strength distribution in {sup 68}Ni measured using the R3B-LAND setup at GSI, the resonance parameters for the observed PDR at 9.55(17) MeV and the giant dipole resonance at 17.1(2) MeV are determined. In combination with results from Wieland et al. [PRL 102, 092502 (2009)] an unexpectedly large direct photon-decay branching ratio of 7(2) is observed for the PDR. The measured α{sub D} of 3.40(23) fm{sup 3} is compared to relativistic RPA calculations yielding ΔR{sub n,p} of 0.17(2) fm for {sup 68}Ni.

68Ga-DOTA0-Tyr3-octreotide positron emission tomography in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schartinger, Volker H.; Dudas, Jozsef; Url, Christoph; Riechelmann, Herbert; Reinold, Susanne; Virgolini, Irene J.; Kroiss, Alexander; Uprimny, Christian

2015-01-01

PET/CT with 68 Ga-labelled [DOTA 0 ,Tyr 3 ]-octreotide ( 68 Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT) is a routinely used imaging modality for neuroendocrine tumours expressing somatostatin receptors (SSTR). Recent studies have shown SSTR expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, albeit lower than in highly differentiated neuroendocrine tumours. We sought to determine whether nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) positive for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a rare subtype of head and neck cancer, shows increased 68 Ga-DOTA-TOC uptake indicating expression of SSTR. Five patients with untreated, histologically proven EBV-positive NPC were referred for 68 Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT. Tracer uptake in tumour lesions was assessed visually and semiquantitatively measuring maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) and tumour to background ratios. Increased tumour-specific uptake was detected in all five patients with a median SUVmax of 10.6 (range 3.6 - 17.1) in the primary tumour and 13.2 (range 6.1 - 14.5) in cervical lymph node metastases. 68 Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT demonstrated tracer uptake in EBV-positive NPC comparable to that in highly differentiated neuroendocrine tumours. This observation is consistent with increased SSTR expression in EBV-positive NPC and may open new diagnostic and therapeutic windows in NPC. (orig.)

(68)Ga-DOTA (0)-Tyr (3)-octreotide positron emission tomography in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Science.gov (United States)

Schartinger, Volker H; Dudás, József; Url, Christoph; Reinold, Susanne; Virgolini, Irene J; Kroiss, Alexander; Riechelmann, Herbert; Uprimny, Christian

2015-01-01

PET/CT with (68)Ga-labelled [DOTA(0),Tyr(3)]-octreotide ((68)Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT) is a routinely used imaging modality for neuroendocrine tumours expressing somatostatin receptors (SSTR). Recent studies have shown SSTR expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, albeit lower than in highly differentiated neuroendocrine tumours. We sought to determine whether nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) positive for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a rare subtype of head and neck cancer, shows increased (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC uptake indicating expression of SSTR. Five patients with untreated, histologically proven EBV-positive NPC were referred for (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT. Tracer uptake in tumour lesions was assessed visually and semiquantitatively measuring maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) and tumour to background ratios. Increased tumour-specific uptake was detected in all five patients with a median SUVmax of 10.6 (range 3.6 - 17.1) in the primary tumour and 13.2 (range 6.1 - 14.5) in cervical lymph node metastases. (68)Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT demonstrated tracer uptake in EBV-positive NPC comparable to that in highly differentiated neuroendocrine tumours. This observation is consistent with increased SSTR expression in EBV-positive NPC and may open new diagnostic and therapeutic windows in NPC.

The Impact of Birth Order on Intergenerational Transmission of Attitudes from Parents to Adolescent Sons: The Israeli Case

Science.gov (United States)

Kulik, Liat

2004-01-01

This study deals with birth order and its impact on intergenerational transmission of parental attitudes to adolescent sons in Israeli society. The sample included 294 participants (including 98 mothers, 98 fathers, and 98 sons). The attitudes chosen were key issues of concern in Israeli society: gender role attitudes, ethnic stereotypes, and…

Son Excellence Madame Elisabeth Laurin Ambassadeur Représentant permanent de la France auprès de l’Office des Nations Unies et des autres organisations internationales en Suisse République française Son Excellence Monsieur Roberto Balzaretti Ambassadeur Directeur

CERN Multimedia

AUTHOR|(CDS)2099575

2016-01-01

Son Excellence Madame Elisabeth Laurin Ambassadeur Représentant permanent de la France auprès de l’Office des Nations Unies et des autres organisations internationales en Suisse République française Son Excellence Monsieur Roberto Balzaretti Ambassadeur Directeur,

Fabrication de soupe de poisson en bocal

OpenAIRE

Nicolle, Jean-pierre

1983-01-01

Le récipient en verre destiné à la conserve, qui connaît un intérêt croissant auprès des fabricants comme des utilisateurs, doit répondre aux deux points principaux de la définition de la conserve, c'est-à-dire être étanche aux gaz, liquides et micro-organismes et permettre un traitement d'appertisation qui rende le contenu propre il la consommation. Le but de cette note technique n'est pas de traiter théoriquement l'ensemble des problèmes liés aux différents pots en verre et types de capsula...

A new automated NaCl based robust method for routine production of gallium-68 labeled peptides

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schultz, Michael K.; Mueller, Dirk; Baum, Richard P.; Leonard Watkins, G.; Breeman, Wouter A.P.

2013-01-01

A new NaCl based method for preparation of gallium-68 labeled radiopharmaceuticals has been adapted for use with an automated gallium-68 generator system. The method was evaluated based on 56 preparations of [ 68 Ga]DOTATOC and compared to a similar acetone-based approach. Advantages of the new NaCl approach include reduced preparation time ( 97%), and specific activity (>40 MBq nmole −1 [ 68 Ga]DOTATOC) and is well-suited for clinical production of radiopharmaceuticals. - Highlights: ► A NaCl based automated production of Ga-68-radiopharmaceuticals is described. ► Using 5 M NaCl for pre-purification of 68Ga eliminates the need for organic solvents. ► The method provides for high efficiency, specific activity, and radiochemical purity. ► The new method eliminates the need for the quality control by gas chromatography

A case of positive 68Ga-DOTATOC-PET/CT pancreatic heterotopia mimicking an intestinal neuroendocrine tumor.

Science.gov (United States)

Zilli, Alessandra; Fanetti, Ilaria; Conte, Dario; Massironi, Sara

Gallium-68 DOTA-peptide positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( 68 Ga-PET/CT) has emerged as a promising tool for the diagnosis and staging of gastro-entero-pancreatic neoplasms, thanks to its high sensitivity and specificity. Heterotopic pancreas, which is relatively rare, has never been reported as a possible cause of false positives of 68 Ga-PET/CT. We report on the first case of a heterotopic pancreas showing pathological uptake at 68 Ga-PET/CT, thus mimicking an intestinal neuroendocrine tumor. The present case suggests that heterotopic pancreas should be included among the possible causes of false positives at 68 Ga PET. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The effect of purification of Ga-68-labeled exendin on in vivo distribution

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Brom, M.; Franssen, G.M.; Joosten, L.; Gotthardt, M.; Boerman, O.C.

2016-01-01

BACKGROUND: Ga-labeled radiotracers are increasingly used for PET imaging. During the labeling procedure, formation of (68)Ga-colloid may occur. Upon i.v. injection, (68)Ga-colloid will accumulate rapidly in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, resulting in reduced target-to-background ratios. In

A Stylistic Analysis of D.H. Lawrence’s ‘Sons and Lovers’

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nozar Niazi

2013-05-01

Full Text Available This paper aims at analyzing D.H. Lawrence’s ‘Sons and Lovers’ using a stylistic approach. Stylistics is a study of the amalgamation of form with content. The stylistic analysis of a novel goes beyond the traditional, intuitive interpretation, because it combines intuition and detailed linguistic analysis of the text. The defining elements of modern language are within the text itself, not prescribed from outside. With modernist texts, usually understanding comes from close study of the language system defined within the text itself. Form, technique and style are considered not as a mere vehicle of the content of the story, but an integral part of the work’s meaning and value. In our analysis of ‘Sons and Lovers’ the resources of language: lexis, syntax, phonology, figurative language, cohesion and coherence, are discussed in relation to the style of discourse in order to explore hidden meanings in the text. The resources of language are shown to be an essential part of the meaning of the novel.

Geometry task & drill sheets : grades 6-8

CERN Document Server

Rosenberg, Mary

2011-01-01

For grades 6-8, our Common Core State Standards-based combined resource meets the geometry concepts addressed by the NCTM standards and encourages the students to review the concepts in unique ways. The task sheets introduce the mathematical concepts to the students around a central problem taken from real-life experiences, while the drill sheets provide warm-up and timed practice questions for the students to strengthen their procedural proficiency skills.

Representations of the algebra Uq'(son) related to quantum gravity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Klimyk, A.U.

2002-01-01

The aim of this paper is to review our results on finite dimensional irreducible representations of the nonstandard q-deformation U q ' (so n ) of the universal enveloping algebra U(so(n)) of the Lie algebra so(n) which does not coincide with the Drinfeld-Jimbo quantum algebra U q (so n ).This algebra is related to algebras of observables in quantum gravity and to algebraic geometry.Irreducible finite dimensional representations of the algebra U q ' (so n ) for q not a root of unity and for q a root of unity are given

The (un) making of a man: fathers and sons in the African novel

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Lipenga

Things Fall Apart (1958), Zakes Mda's The Sculptors of. Mapungubwe ... The important thing to note in his analysis is his highlighting of the various ... to this discussion – of a farmer (strong, hard-working, strict) who is contrasted with his son ...

68Ga-autoclabeling of DOTA-TATE and DOTA-NOC

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Blom, Elisabeth; Koziorowski, Jacek

2012-01-01

A new method combining (68)Ga-labeling and steam sterilization, here called autoclabeling, has been evaluated for two somatostatin receptor binding tracers used for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of neuroendocrine tumors; DOTA-TATE and -NOC....

{sup 68}Ga-DOTA-RGD peptide: biodistribution and binding into atherosclerotic plaques in mice

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Haukkala, Johanna; Laitinen, Iina; Luoto, Pauliina; Knuuti, Juhani [University of Turku, Turku PET Centre, Turku (Finland); Iveson, Peter; Wilson, Ian [Medical Diagnostics, GE Healthcare Biosciences, London (United Kingdom); Karlsen, Hege; Cuthbertson, Alan [GE Healthcare MDx Research, Oslo (Norway); Laine, Jukka [Turku University Hospital, Department of Pathology, Turku (Finland); Leppaenen, Pia; Ylae-Herttula, Seppo [University of Kuopio, A.I. Virtanen Institute, Kuopio (Finland); Roivainen, Anne [University of Turku, Turku PET Centre, Turku (Finland); University of Turku, Turku Centre for Disease Modelling, Turku (Finland)

2009-12-15

Increased expression of {alpha}v{beta}3/{alpha}v{beta}5 integrin is involved in angiogenesis and the inflammatory process in atherosclerotic plaques. The novel {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-RGD peptide binds with high affinity to {alpha}v{beta}3/{alpha}v{beta}5 integrin. The aim of this study was to investigate the uptake of the {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-RGD peptide in atherosclerotic plaques. Uptake of intravenously administered {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-RGD peptide was studied ex vivo in excised tissue samples and aortic sections of LDLR{sup -/-}ApoB{sup 100/100} atherosclerotic mice. The uptake of the tracer in aortic cryosections was examined by using digital autoradiography. Subsequently, the autoradiographs were combined with histological and immunohistological analysis of the sections. DOTA-RGD peptide was successfully labelled with the generator-produced {sup 68}Ga. The tracer had reasonably good specific radioactivity (8.7 {+-} 1.1 GBq/{mu}mol) and was quite stable in vivo. According to ex vivo biodistribution results, {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-RGD was cleared rapidly from the blood circulation and excreted through the kidneys to the urine with high radioactivity in the intestine, lungs, spleen and liver. Autoradiography results showed significantly higher uptake of {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-RGD peptide in the atherosclerotic plaques compared to healthy vessel wall (mean ratio {+-} SD 1.4 {+-} 0.1, p = 0.0004). We observed that {sup 68}Ga-DOTA-RGD is accumulated into the plaques of atherosclerotic mice. However, this data only shows the feasibility of the approach, while the clinical significance still remains to be proven. Further studies are warranted to assess the uptake of this tracer into human atherosclerotic plaques. (orig.)

6j-symbols for symmetric representations of SO(n) as the double series

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alisauskas, Sigitas

2002-01-01

The corrected triple sum expression of Alisauskas (1987 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 20 35) for the recoupling (Racah) coefficients (6j-symbols) of the symmetric (most degenerate) representations of the orthogonal groups SO(n) (previously derived from the fourfold sum expression of Alisauskas also related to the result of Hormess and Junker (1999 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 32 4249) is rearranged into three new different double sum expressions (related to the hypergeometric Kampe de Feriet type series) and a new triple sum expression with preferable summation condition. The Regge type symmetry of special 6j-symbols of the orthogonal groups SO(n) in terms of special Kampe de Feriet F 1:4 1:3 series is revealed. The recoupling coefficients for antisymmetric representations of symplectic group Sp(2n) are derived using their relation with the recoupling coefficients of the formal orthogonal group SO(-2n)

In Vivo Imaging of Experimental Melanoma Tumors using the Novel Radiotracer 68Ga-NODAGA-Procainamide (PCA).

Science.gov (United States)

Kertész, István; Vida, András; Nagy, Gábor; Emri, Miklós; Farkas, Antal; Kis, Adrienn; Angyal, János; Dénes, Noémi; Szabó, Judit P; Kovács, Tünde; Bai, Péter; Trencsényi, György

2017-01-01

The most aggressive form of skin cancer is the malignant melanoma. Because of its high metastatic potential the early detection of primary melanoma tumors and metastases using non-invasive PET imaging determines the outcome of the disease. Previous studies have already shown that benzamide derivatives, such as procainamide (PCA) specifically bind to melanin pigment. The aim of this study was to synthesize and investigate the melanin specificity of the novel 68 Ga-labeled NODAGA-PCA molecule in vitro and in vivo using PET techniques. Procainamide (PCA) was conjugated with NODAGA chelator and was labeled with Ga-68 ( 68 Ga-NODAGA-PCA). The melanin specificity of 68 Ga-NODAGA-PCA was tested in vitro , ex vivo and in vivo using melanotic B16-F10 and amelanotic Melur melanoma cell lines. By subcutaneous and intravenous injection of melanoma cells tumor-bearing mice were prepared, on which biodistribution studies and small animal PET/CT scans were performed for 68 Ga-NODAGA-PCA and 18 FDG tracers. 68 Ga-NODAGA-PCA was produced with high specific activity (14.9±3.9 GBq/µmol) and with excellent radiochemical purity (98%PCA uptake of B16-F10 cells was significantly ( p ≤0.01) higher than Melur cells. Ex vivo biodistribution and in vivo PET/CT studies using subcutaneous and metastatic tumor models showed significantly ( p ≤0.01) higher 68 Ga-NODAGA-PCA uptake in B16-F10 primary tumors and lung metastases in comparison with amelanotic Melur tumors. In experiments where 18 FDG and 68 Ga-NODAGA-PCA uptake of B16-F10 tumors was compared, we found that the tumor-to-muscle (T/M) and tumor-to-lung (T/L) ratios were significantly ( p ≤0.05 and p ≤0.01) higher using 68 Ga-NODAGA-PCA than the 18 FDG accumulation. Our novel radiotracer 68 Ga-NODAGA-PCA showed specific binding to the melanin producing experimental melanoma tumors. Therefore, 68 Ga-NODAGA-PCA is a suitable diagnostic radiotracer for the detection of melanoma tumors and metastases in vivo .

A new automated NaCl based robust method for routine production of gallium-68 labeled peptides

Science.gov (United States)

Schultz, Michael K.; Mueller, Dirk; Baum, Richard P.; Watkins, G. Leonard; Breeman, Wouter A. P.

2017-01-01

A new NaCl based method for preparation of gallium-68 labeled radiopharmaceuticals has been adapted for use with an automated gallium-68 generator system. The method was evaluated based on 56 preparations of [68Ga]DOTATOC and compared to a similar acetone-based approach. Advantages of the new NaCl approach include reduced preparation time ( 97%), and specific activity (> 40 MBq nmole−1 [68Ga]DOTATOC) and is well-suited for clinical production of radiopharmaceuticals. PMID:23026223

Data analysis & probability drill sheets : grades 6-8

CERN Document Server

Forest, Chris

2011-01-01

For grades 6-8, our Common Core State Standards-based resource meets the data analysis & probability concepts addressed by the NCTM standards and encourages your students to review the concepts in unique ways. Each drill sheet contains warm-up and timed drill activities for the student to practice data analysis & probability concepts.

40 CFR 68.170 - Prevention program/Program 2.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... (CONTINUED) CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS Risk Management Plan § 68.170 Prevention program/Program 2. (a) For each Program 2 process, the owner or operator shall provide in the RMP the information... the process. (c) The name(s) of the chemical(s) covered. (d) The date of the most recent review or...

68Ga/177Lu-labeled DOTA-TATE shows similar imaging and biodistribution in neuroendocrine tumor model.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Fei; Zhu, Hua; Yu, Jiangyuan; Han, Xuedi; Xie, Qinghua; Liu, Teli; Xia, Chuanqin; Li, Nan; Yang, Zhi

2017-06-01

Somatostatin receptors are overexpressed in neuroendocrine tumors, whose endogenous ligands are somatostatin. DOTA-TATE is an analogue of somatostatin, which shows high binding affinity to somatostatin receptors. We aim to evaluate the 68 Ga/ 177 Lu-labeling DOTA-TATE kit in neuroendocrine tumor model for molecular imaging and to try human-positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging of 68 Ga-DOTA-TATE in neuroendocrine tumor patients. DOTA-TATE kits were formulated and radiolabeled with 68 Ga/ 177 Lu for 68 Ga/ 177 Lu-DOTA-TATE (M-DOTA-TATE). In vitro and in vivo stability of 177 Lu-DOTA-TATE were performed. Nude mice bearing human tumors were injected with 68 Ga-DOTA-TATE or 177 Lu-DOTA-TATE for micro-positron emission tomography and micro-single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography imaging separately, and clinical positron emission tomography/computed tomography images of 68 Ga-DOTA-TATE were obtained at 1 h post-intravenous injection from patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Micro-positron emission tomography and micro-single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography imaging of 68 Ga-DOTA-TATE and 177 Lu-DOTA-TATE both showed clear tumor uptake which could be blocked by excess DOTA-TATE. In addition, 68 Ga-DOTA-TATE-positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging in neuroendocrine tumor patients could show primary and metastatic lesions. 68 Ga-DOTA-TATE and 177 Lu-DOTA-TATE could accumulate in tumors in animal models, paving the way for better clinical peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for neuroendocrine tumor patients in Asian population.

Mate-sampling costs and sexy sons.

Science.gov (United States)

Kokko, H; Booksmythe, I; Jennions, M D

2015-01-01

Costly female mating preferences for purely Fisherian male traits (i.e. sexual ornaments that are genetically uncorrelated with inherent viability) are not expected to persist at equilibrium. The indirect benefit of producing 'sexy sons' (Fisher process) disappears: in some models, the male trait becomes fixed; in others, a range of male trait values persist, but a larger trait confers no net fitness advantage because it lowers survival. Insufficient indirect selection to counter the direct cost of producing fewer offspring means that preferences are lost. The only well-cited exception assumes biased mutation on male traits. The above findings generally assume constant direct selection against female preferences (i.e. fixed costs). We show that if mate-sampling costs are instead derived based on an explicit account of how females acquire mates, an initially costly mating preference can coevolve with a male trait so that both persist in the presence or absence of biased mutation. Our models predict that empirically detecting selection at equilibrium will be difficult, even if selection was responsible for the location of the current equilibrium. In general, it appears useful to integrate mate sampling theory with models of genetic consequences of mating preferences: being explicit about the process by which individuals select mates can alter equilibria. © 2014 European Society For Evolutionary Biology. Journal of Evolutionary Biology © 2014 European Society For Evolutionary Biology.

Human Rhinovirus 87 and Enterovirus 68 Represent a Unique Serotype with Rhinovirus and Enterovirus Features

Science.gov (United States)

Blomqvist, Soile; Savolainen, Carita; Råman, Laura; Roivainen, Merja; Hovi, Tapani

2002-01-01

It has recently been reported that all but one of the 102 known serotypes of the genus Rhinovirus segregate into two genetic clusters (C. Savolainen, S. Blomqvist, M. N. Mulders, and T. Hovi, J. Gen. Virol. 83:333-340, 2002). The only exception is human rhinovirus 87 (HRV87). Here we demonstrate that HRV87 is genetically and antigenically highly similar to enterovirus 68 (EV68) and is related to EV70, the other member of human enterovirus group D. The partial nucleotide sequences of the 5′ untranslated region, capsid regions VP4/VP2 and VP1, and the 3D RNA polymerase gene of the HRV87 prototype strain F02-3607 Corn showed 97.3, 97.8, 95.2, and 95.9% identity to the corresponding regions of EV68 prototype strain Fermon. The amino acid identities were 100 and 98.1% for the products of the two capsid regions and 97.9% for 3D RNA polymerase. Antigenic cross-reaction between HRV87 and EV68 was indicated by microneutralization with monotypic antisera. Phylogenetic analysis showed definite clustering of HRV87 and EV68 with EV70 for all sequences examined. Both HRV87 and EV68 were shown to be acid sensitive by two different assays, while EV70 was acid resistant, which is typical of enteroviruses. The cytopathic effect induced by HRV87 or EV68 was inhibited by monoclonal antibodies to the decay-accelerating factor known to be the receptor of EV70. We conclude that HRV87 and EV68 are strains of the same picornavirus serotype presenting features of both rhinoviruses and enteroviruses. PMID:12409401

Literature as an exploration of the phenomenology of schizophrenia: disorder and recovery in Denis Johnson's Jesus' Son.

Science.gov (United States)

Hamm, Jay A; Leonhardt, Bethany L; Fogley, Rebecca L; Lysaker, Paul H

2014-12-01

When read as a fictional psychosis narrative, Jesus' Son, a collection of short stories by Denis Johnson, reveals important elements of the phenomenology of schizophrenia and recovery. It is possible that Jesus' Son, as a work of fiction, may be able to uniquely add depth and nuance to an understanding of the phenomenology of schizophrenia involving a state of psychological fragmentation, an ever-changing interpersonal field and a loss of personal agency. In addition, by following the protagonist in Jesus' Son as he begins to resolve some of his difficulties, the book also offers an individualised account of recovery. The authors detail how the book reveals these insights about schizophrenia and recovery and suggest that these elements are intertwined in such a manner that leads to a profound disruption of self-experience, characterised by a collapse of metacognitive processes. Jesus' Son may add depth to our understanding of the subjective experience of schizophrenia and recovery, and also may serve as one example in which the study of humanities offers an opportunity to explore the human elements in the most profound forms of suffering. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.

European surveillance for enterovirus D68 during the emerging North-American outbreak in 2014

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Poelman, Randy; Schuffenecker, Isabelle; Van Leer-Buter, Coretta

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND: In August and September 2014, unexpected clusters of enterovirus-D68 (EV-D68) infections associated with severe respiratory disease emerged from North-America. In September, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) asked European countries to strengthen respiratory...... sample screening for enterovirus detection and typing in cases with severe respiratory presentations. OBJECTIVES: To provide a detailed picture of EV-D68 epidemiology in Europe by conducting a retrospective and prospective laboratory analysis of clinical specimens. STUDY DESIGN: An initiative supported...

Cyclotron production of 68Ge with a Ga2O target

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naidoo, C.; Walt, T.N. van der; Raubenheimer, H.G.

2002-01-01

Systematic information of exchange behavior of Ge(IV) and Ga(III) in varying oxalic acid (0.05M and 0.25M) and sulphuric acid (0.005M-2M range) mixtures is presented. These findings were used to develop a separation involving 68 Ge from a Ga 2 O target material. A method based on acid dissolution of the target and chromatography on an anion exchange resin (Bio-Rad R AG1-X8) was developed. The separated 68 Ge has high radionuclidic purity and an acceptable chemical purity. (author)

Molecular imaging of neuroendocrine tumors using {sup 68}Ga-labeled peptides (Somatostatin receptor PET/CT); Molekulare Bildgebung neuroendokriner Tumoren mit {sup 68}Ga-markierten Peptiden (Somatostatinrezeptor-PET/CT)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Baum, R.P.; Prasad, V. [Zentralklinik Bad Berka GmbH (Germany). Klinik fuer Nuklearmedizin/PET-Zentrum; Hoersch, D. [Zentralklinik Bad Berka GmbH (Germany). Klinik fuer Innere Medizin, Gastroenterologie, Onkologie, Endokrionologie

2009-06-15

Receptor PET/CT using {sup 68}Ga-labeled somatostatin analogues (DOTA-NOC, DOTA-TOC or DOTA-TATE) enables the highly sensitive molecular imaging of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) based on the expression of somatostatin receptors and even the detection of receptor subtypes. Our experience after more than 3000 studies shows that receptor PET/CT has a significantly higher tumor detection rate than conventional scintigraphy (even in SPECT/CT technique), and that tumor lesions can be very accurately localized. By calculating standardized uptake values (SUV) - which are reproducible and investigator-independent - patients can be selected for peptide receptor radiotherapy and also the course after therapy can be controlled. Receptor-PET/CT is the most sensitive imaging modality for the detection of unknown primary tumors (CUP syndrome), which is especially true for the detection of neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas and small bowel; whole-body staging (''one stop shop'') as well as restaging and selection of patients for peptide receptor radiotherapy can be performed using a patient-friendly procedure (examination finished within one hour) exposing the patient to less radiation than whole-body CT scanning. The {sup 68}Ge/{sup 68}Ga generator has proved very reliable over the years - even in a hospital environment. The effective costs for {sup 68}Ga labeled somatostatin analogues might be less than for scintigraphic agents, provided a certain number of studies per year are performed. The development of new tumor-specific peptides as well as of other DOTA- or NOTA-coupled radiopharmaceuticals opens a new avenue into the future: finally, the {sup 68}Ga generator could play a similar important role for PET/CT as did the {sup 99m}Tc-Generator for conventional gamma camera imaging over the last decades. (orig.)

Gallium-68-DOTA-albumin as a PET blood-pool marker: experimental evaluation in vivo

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hoffend, Johannes; Mier, Walter; Schuhmacher, Jochen; Schmidt, Kerstin; Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss, Antonia; Strauss, Ludwig G.; Eisenhut, Michael; Kinscherf, Ralf; Haberkorn, Uwe

2005-01-01

Investigations into tumor angiogenesis and antiangiogenic treatment have renewed interest in tumor perfusion. To image tumor blood-pool by PET, suitable tracers are not generally available. In this experimental study, we characterized a 68 Ga-labeled 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) conjugate of rat serum albumin ( 68 Ga-DOTA-RSA) in vivo using a generator-produced isotope. Biodistribution was determined in ACI rats after intravenous administration of 3-6 MBq of 68 Ga-DOTA-RSA. Three ACI rats were imaged over 1 h by dynamic PET after intravenous administration of 15-25 MBq of 68 Ga-DOTA-RSA while the blood-pool activity was recorded simultaneously in a closed extracorporeal loop (ECL) between the carotid artery and the jugular vein. Time-activity curves (TACs) were obtained from volume of interest (VOI) analysis and from the ECL data. Stability and metabolites in plasma and urine were analyzed by size exclusion HPLC (SE-HPLC) 1 h after intravenous injection of 67 Ga-DOTA-RSA. Blood radioactivity decreased by 10% and 18% from 10 to 60 min p.i. by biodistribution and PET or ECL, respectively. Tissue sampling between 10 and 60 min p.i. showed slight increases in the uptake of spleen, myocardium, kidney and skeletal muscle while hepatic accretion remained unchanged. Total urinary excretion after 60 min amounted to 9% of the injected dose. HPLC demonstrated a single urinary metabolite corresponding in size to gallium-labeled DOTA. 68 Ga-DOTA-RSA is a blood-pool tracer whose physical and biological half-life is well suited for PET. Our findings support clinical imaging using 68 Ga-DOTA-labeled human serum albumin (HSA). The generator-produced label makes 68 Ga-DOTA-labeled albumin continuously available even to centers lacking an in-house cyclotron

Parents' perceptions of their adolescent sons' recovery in a therapeutic community for addicted clients.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Gila; Elisha, Ety; Timor, Uri; Ronel, Natti

2013-11-01

A qualitative phenomenological study of parents of addicted male adolescents who were residents of a Jewish therapeutic community (TC) describes and interprets the parents' perceptions of the recovery process. Deep, semistructured interviews with 14 parents provided the data. The parents' perceptions were clustered into three main themes of meaning: (a) the process of change, (b) the experiences of family members in the course of the son's recovery process, and (c) the parents' perception of the treatment at Retorno. According to the parents, the admission of their sons into the TC brought notable relief to the family life, which enabled the whole family to begin a recovery process. The findings support the positive criminology perspective that emphasizes the disintegration-integration vector as significant in the recovery process. Recommendations for intervention planning are provided.

The Quest for the Whole in D. H. Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nesar Uddin

2013-10-01

Full Text Available David Herbert Lawrence portrays a complex husband-wife, mother-son, and man-woman relationship in his novel Sons and Lovers. This article studied the relational motifs of the major character Paul Morel with other characters and the dire upshot resulting from this relation. The study found that Paul strove for happiness through the concerted entertainment of body and soul with his beloved people, but he failed because his mother’s unusual attachment to him negatively impacted on his building up a normal relation with others. Mother’s failure to find happiness in her conjugal life led her to pouring her love into Paul, exploiting him, making him sub-serve her own need and denying him the right to his own independent life. As a result, the son’s relation with other women proved a disastrous failure. The women with whom Paul had relation underwent part of the sufferings somehow or other. Finally, Mother’s death made him hopeless and left his life in nothingness.

Borgring sæson 1 - Vold, brand og ødelæggelse

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ulriksen, Jens; Christensen, Jonas; Holm, Nanna

2017-01-01

Sæson 1 af Borgringprojektet er overstået – i hvert fald i marken. Efter måneders planlægning, både blandt arkæologer og formidlingsfolk, kunne Hendes Majestæt Dronningen officielt åbne den publikumsorienterede del af forskningsprojektet den sidste dag i maj 2016. Gennem de følgende tre måneder bl...

Continuous-flow leaching studies of crushed and cored SYNROC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coles, D.G.; Bazan, F.

1982-01-01

Both crushed (150- to 300- μm) and cored (1,8- mm-diam) samples of SYNROC have been leached with single-pass continuous-flow leaching equipment. Crushed samples of cesium-hollandite were also leached in a similar experiment. Temperatures used were 25 0 and 75 0 C and leachates were 0.03 N NaHCO 3 and distilled water. Leaching rates from SYNROC-C were ranked cesium > strontium greater than or equal to calcium > barium > zirconium. A comparison of leaching rates is made between crushed SYNROC, cored SYNROC, and Pacific Northwest Laboratory 76-68 glass beads. This comparison depends on how the surface areas are determined for each sample. Based on geometric surface areas for SYNROC cores and glass beads, cesium leach rates from SYNROC compare well with both sodium and neptunium leached from the glass. The other elements leached from SYNROC are lower than sodium and neptunium leached from glass. They also vary for each element, while glass shows nearly the same leach rate for both sodium and neptunium

Continuous-flow leaching studies of crushed and cored SYNROC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coles, D.G.; Bazan, F.

1981-01-01

Both crushed (150 to 300 μm) and cored (1.8 mm diameter) samples of SYNROC have been leached with the single-pass continuous-flow leaching equipment. Crushed samples of Cs-hollandite were also leached in a similar experiment. Temperatures used were 25 and 75 0 C and leachates were 0.03 N NaHCO 3 and distilled water. Leaching rates from SYNROC C were ranked Cs > Sr greater than or equal to Ca > Ba > Zr. A comparison of leaching rates is made between crushed SYNROC, cored SYNROC, and PNL 76-68 glass beads. This comparison depends on how the surface areas are determined for each sample. Based on geometric surface areas for SYNROC cores and glass beads Cs leach rates from SYNROC compare well with both Na and Np leached from the glass. The other elements leached from SYNROC are lower than Na and Np leached from glass. They also vary for each element while glass shows nearly the same leach rate for both Na and Np

Expression of the 68-kilodalton neurofilament gene in aluminum intoxication

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Muma, N.A.; Troncoso, J.C.; Hoffman, P.N.; Price, D.L.

1986-01-01

Intrathecal administration of aluminum salts induces accumulation of neurofilaments (NFs) in cell bodies and proximal axons of rabbit spinal motor neurons. Mechanisms leading to this pathological change are not well understood. Although impairments of NF transport have been demonstrated in this model, the hypothesis that NF accumulations are the result of an increase in NF synthesis needs to be explored. In rabbits, a large percentage of neurons develop accumulations of NFs following injections of aluminum lactate directly into the cisterna magna or into a reservoir placed in the lateral ventricle. To study levels of mRNA encoding cytoskeletal proteins, spinal cord RNA was extracted, separated on a denaturing agarose gel, transferred to nitrocellulose paper, and hybridized to [ 32 P]-labeled cDNA clones encoding the mouse 68-kilodalton (kd) NF subunit and tubulin. Examining a constant amount of RNA, the radioactivity of labeled mRNA bands for the 68-kd NF subunit and for tubulin was decreased in spinal cords of aluminum-treated rabbits. These preliminary results will be followed up by in situ hybridization to determine levels of mRNA for tubulin and 68-kd NF subunit in affected and in normal spinal neurons. In conclusion, administration of aluminum decreased mRNA for the 608-kd NF protein in spinal neurons

27 CFR 26.68 - Bond, Form 2898-Beer.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Bond, Form 2898-Beer. 26... Liquors and Articles in Puerto Rico Bonds § 26.68 Bond, Form 2898—Beer. Where a brewer intends to withdraw, for purpose of shipment to the United States, beer of Puerto Rican manufacture from bonded storage in...

Interfon

CERN Multimedia

Interfon

2011-01-01

  Assemblée générale de la Mutuelle Vendredi 25 novembre à 18h30 Cafétéria Jean Monnet – St-Genis Au cours de cette soirée vous seront présentés : le compte-rendu des activités de l’année 2011, le bilan de la gestion financière pour l’année 2010, les nouvelles cotisations pour l’année 2012. Enfin le traditionnel verre de l’amitié sera offert à l'issue de cette soirée. * * * * * * * Idées de cadeaux de Noël !!!   Découvrez le site internet : www.viedetoffe.com * * * * * * * Z.A. de la Maladière 01210 Ornex www.imaginetson.com Votre spécialiste de l’image & du son dans le Pays de Gex Plus de 300 m² d’exposition dédiés &...

Epidemic 2014 enterovirus D68 cross-reacts with human rhinovirus on a respiratory molecular diagnostic platform.

Science.gov (United States)

McAllister, Shane C; Schleiss, Mark R; Arbefeville, Sophie; Steiner, Marie E; Hanson, Ryan S; Pollock, Catherine; Ferrieri, Patricia

2015-01-01

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is an emerging virus known to cause sporadic disease and occasional epidemics of severe lower respiratory tract infection. However, the true prevalence of infection with EV-D68 is unknown, due in part to the lack of a rapid and specific nucleic acid amplification test as well as the infrequency with which respiratory samples are analyzed by enterovirus surveillance programs. During the 2014 EV-D68 epidemic in the United States, we noted an increased frequency of "low-positive" results for human rhinovirus (HRV) detected in respiratory tract samples using the GenMark Diagnostics eSensor respiratory viral panel, a multiplex PCR assay able to detect 14 known respiratory viruses but not enteroviruses. We simultaneously noted markedly increased admissions to our Pediatric Intensive Care Unit for severe lower respiratory tract infections in patients both with and without a history of reactive airway disease. Accordingly, we hypothesized that these "low-positive" RVP results were due to EV-D68 rather than rhinovirus infection. Sequencing of the picornavirus 5' untranslated region (5'-UTR) of 49 samples positive for HRV by the GenMark RVP revealed that 33 (67.3%) were in fact EV-D68. Notably, the mean intensity of the HRV RVP result was significantly lower in the sequence-identified EV-D68 samples (20.3 nA) compared to HRV (129.7 nA). Using a cut-off of 40 nA for the differentiation of EV-D68 from HRV resulted in 94% sensitivity and 88% specificity. The robust diagnostic characteristics of our data suggest that the cross-reactivity of EV-D68 and HRV on the GenMark Diagnostics eSensor RVP platform may be an important factor to consider in making accurate molecular diagnosis of EV-D68 at institutions utilizing this system or other molecular respiratory platforms that may also cross-react.

The Measurement of Integrated Gamma-Ray Doses in the Range 50 Mrad to 5 Mrad Using Phosphate Glass and Lithium Fluoride; Mesure, au Moyen de Verre au Phosphate et de Fluorure de Lithium, de Doses Integrees de Rayons Gamma de 50 Mrad a 5 Mrad; 0418 0417 041c 0414 ; Medicion de Dosis Integradas de Rayos Gamma de 50 Mrad a 5 Mrad por Medio de Vidrio al Fosfato y de Fluoruro de Litio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Webb, G. A.M. [Central Electricity Generating Board, Berkeley Nuclear Laboratories, Berkeley, Glos. (United Kingdom)

1965-06-15

}-ray fluxes. A comparison is made of the two systems for general convenience and also for use in particular situations. (author) [French] L'auteur a compare la radiophotoluminescence et la coloration du verre au phosphate a la thermoluminescence du fluorure de lithium aux fins de dosimetrie pour des doses de rayons gamma de 50 mrad a 5 Mrad. Il a mesure la luminescence produite dans du verre au phosphate active a l'argent, de faible numero atomique, a l'aide d'un fluorimetre industriel (dosimetre Toshiba au verre au fluor) complete d'un spectrophotometre permettant de mesurer les variations de la densite optique pour les doses elevees. Les effets des differentes methodes de nettoyage du verre ont ete etudies. L'auteur a mesure la thermoluminescence du fluorure de lithium en utilisant un appareil de lecture de laboratoire afin d'obtenir des courbes de luminescence et en integrant ensuite la region situee sous le pic approprie. Il a mesure le spectre d'emission de la thermoluminescence au moyen de filtres optique qui ont egalement servi a reduire au minimum les effets des infrarouges emis par la plaque de chauffage. Il a etudie les effets des filtres optiques et de la mesure sous azote sur le pic de tribothermoluminescence. L'auteur a etudie et compare plusieurs parametres du rendement des deux systemes. Avec le verre, on peut mesurer une gamma d'intensites tres etendue, allant de 5 * 10{sup -2} a 5 * 10{sup 6} rad, soit une etendue de l'ordre de 10{sup 8} ; en revanche, LiF peut etre utilise pour des doses legerement plus faibles, mais il atteint le point de saturation pour les doses superieures a 10{sup 5} rad. Le LiF est presque dependant de l'energie, mais le verre presente un ecart maximum equivalent a sept fois la reponse au {sup 60}Co a 60 keV; cet ecart peut etre corrige a l 'aide d'ecrans qui ont l'inconvenient d'elever la limite inferieure d'energie. Le phenomene d'evanouissement du verre a ete etudie de maniere approfondie; celui du LiF, qui est moins prononce, n