Biogeography of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae in Ecuador: implications for the design of control strategies

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abad-Franch Fernando

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Chagas disease control strategies strongly depend on the triatomine vector species involved in Trypanosoma cruzi transmission within each area. Here we report the results of the identification of specimens belonging to various species of Triatominae captured in Ecuador (15 species from 17 provinces and deposited in the entomological collections of the Catholic University of Ecuador (Quito, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Brazil, the Natural History Museum London (UK, the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (UK, the National Institute of Hygiene (Quito, and the Vozandes Hospital (Quito. A critical review of published information and new field records are presented. We analysed these data in relation to the life zones where triatomines occur (11 life zones, excluding those over 2,200 m altitude, and provide biogeographical maps for each species. These records are discussed in terms of epidemiological significance and design of control strategies. Findings relevant to the control of the main vector species are emphasised. Different lines of evidence suggest that Triatoma dimidiata is not native to Ecuador-Peru, and that synanthropic populations of Rhodnius ecuadoriensis in southern Ecuador-northern Peru might be isolated from their sylvatic conspecifics. Local eradication of T. dimidiata and these R. ecuadoriensis populations might therefore be attainable. However, the presence of a wide variety of native species indicates the necessity for a strong longitudinal surveillance system.

Perfil alimentario de Triatoma rubrovaria (Blanchard, 1843 (Hemiptera, Triatominae en ámbitos peridomiciliarios, de una localidad rural de Uruguay Feeding patterns of Triatoma rubrovaria (Blanchard, 1843 (Hemiptera, Triatominae in peridomestic habitats, in a rural area of Uruguay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberto Salvatella

1994-08-01

Full Text Available En una localidad con población rural dispersa ("La Bolsa", 3ª seccional, dpto. de Artigas, Uruguay se estudió, en ámbitos peridomiciliarios, el perfil alimentario de T. rubrovaria (triatomíneo silvestre y potencial vector secundario de colonización intradomiciliaria, utilizándose la técnica de doble difusión en agar, enfrentando contenido promesentérico frente a un panel de 13 sueros. Se pudo detectar en 120 insectos 251 identificaciones de fuente hematofágica con alimentación predominante en mamíferos (73%, pero marcado eclectismo alimentario (mamíferos, aves, reptiles y cucarachas, incluyendo hematofagia sobre seres humanos en un 8% de las identificaciones totales. La micropredación de hemolinfa lo ubicaría en una situación evolutiva primitiva, intermedia entre predator/entomófago y triatomineo/hematófago, que comparte con T. circunmaculata. Los mamíferos detectados con mayor frecuencia fueron dasipódidos y bóvidos, aunque la fuente hematofágica, salvo en los adultos alados, se constituye en un fenómeno de proximidad ocasional por cohabitación de un mismo habitat. La frecuencia de alimentación sobre hombre, hallada en un ambiente peridomiciliario, aporta un importante elemento a su capacidad vectorial potencial. En el análisis espacial de las dietas se muestra al peridomicilio como un área de interacción de hospederos domésticos, silvestres y sinantrópicos. La infección tripanosómica fue mínima comparada con las altas tasas de infección de ámbitos silvestres.It has been studied the feeding patterns of Triatoma rubrovaria (wild triatominae bug, and intradomiciliary secondary vector of T. cruzi in a rural area of "La Bolsa" (Department of Artigas. Agar double diffusion test were used for analyze the blood meal, from 120 insects, which were confronted to 13 antisera. It has 251 identify blood meals, and the most frequently was mamalian host (73%, but it has a variable source of feeding (mammals, birds, reptils

Presence of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae and Risk of Transmission of Chagas Disease in Colima, México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Espinoza-Gómez Francisco

2002-01-01

Full Text Available With the purpose of evaluating the risk of transmission of the Chagas disease in the State of Colima, México, an entomological survey was performed to obtain triatominae and the rate of infection by Trypanosoma cruzi determined by examination of its dejections. Two hundred eighteen houses located in 16 villages were sampled. In each house the intradomestic and peridomestic habitats were examined by the man-hour-house method, sensor boxes and mouse-baited traps. Also, 12 silvatic places were explored around the same areas using the same techniques as the ones sampled. In total, 456 specimens were captured, of which 139 correspond to Triatoma phyllosoma pallidipennis; 80 to T. p. longipennis; one specimen of T. dimidiata and 236 nymphs of Triatoma sp. Two hundred ninety seven insects were captured in the intradomestic habitat, 132 in the peridomestic and 26 in the silvatic. The index of positive houses was 27%, located in the central area of the state. The rate of natural infection with T. cruzi showed 25.6%. This results confirmed the presence of two important vectors of the Chagas disease in Colima. Its preference for the domestic habitat and its high levels of natural infection with T. cruzi suggested the existence of a significant risk for its transmission in this area of the country.

Efeito de extratos de plantas do Cerrado em Dipetalogaster maxima (Uhler (Hemiptera, Reduviidae Effect of Cerrado plant extracts on Dipetalogaster maxima (Uhler (Hemiptera, Reduviidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

André A. M. Coelho

2009-01-01

Full Text Available A transmissão da doença de Chagas ocorre, principalmente, por meio de fezes de hemípteros hematófagos (Triatominae, os quais ingerem o Trypanosoma cruzi ao se alimentarem do sangue de pessoas ou outros mamíferos infectados. Para o controle dos triatomíneos, os piretróides são os principais inseticidas utilizados. Entretanto, algumas populações de insetos demonstraram resistência a determinados piretróides, indicando a necessidade do desenvolvimento de novos inseticidas eficazes no controle desses vetores. Assim, foi avaliada a atividade inseticida de 83 extratos vegetais, pertencentes a 35 espécies diferentes, em ninfas do primeiro estádio de Dipetalogaster maxima (Uhler, 1894 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae, triatomíneo encontrado no México. Para o teste tópico, foram aplicados 50 ìg de cada extrato nos tergitos abdominais de dez ninfas, em duplicata. Como controles, foram utilizados insetos tratados com etanol, acetona ou sem nenhum tipo de tratamento. Os triatomíneos foram observados durante 28 dias. Nenhum extrato apresentou atividade inseticida significativa, entretanto, o extrato hexânico do fruto e o etanólico da casca do caule de Simarouba versicolor (Simaroubaceae inibiram a taxa de ecdise em D. maxima (40% e 25%, respectivamente. Sugere-se que estes extratos sejam quimicamente investigados e monitorados por ensaios biológicos a fim de determinar os componentes, para que estes possam ser utilizados como modelos moleculares ou como compostos biorracionais nos programas de controle de insetos.Chagas disease, also known as American Trypanosomiasis, is chiefly transmitted by faeces of haematophagous bugs (Triatominae that ingested Trypanosoma cruzi from blood of infected people or other mammals. Pyrethroids have been the main insecticides used against these insects. However, some populations of insects have shown significant levels of resistance to several pyrethroids, indicating the need of new insecticides for the control of

Descrição de ovos e ninfas de Triatoma klugi (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae Description of eggs and nymphs of Triatoma klugi (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Jurberg

ópolis, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. The local of capture of the Triatominae is placed enters 700 and 800 m of altitud (29º18'38''S, 51º04'57''W. Together with T. oliveirai (Neiva, Pinto & Lent, 1939, its morphologically related species, is the only ones of the complex that had not been found, until the moment, in the State of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and Goiás, Brazil. In experimental conditions, already it was tested and proven its susceptibilities to the infection for Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas, 1909 and Trypanosoma rangeli (Tejera, 1920. The comparative analysis of the ornaments of the exocorium of eggs and of three nymphs of T. klugi by optic microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed some morphologic particularities, with prominence for: the ventral face of the head, the stridulatory sulcus and the last abdominal segments (IX, X - future genitalia and XI - anal duct. These data contribute for the magnifying of the distinguishing parameters aiming at diagnosis of T. klugi during its nymphal development.

The biology of three Mexican-American species of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatoma recurva, Triatoma protracta and Triatoma rubida

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Alejandro Martínez-Ibarra

2012-08-01

Full Text Available The values of biological parameters related to hatching, lifespan, the number of blood meals between moults, mortality, time lapse before the beginning of feeding, feeding time and defecation delay for each instar of three Mexican-American species of Triatominae, Triatoma recurva, Triatoma protracta (former subspecies protracta and Triatoma rubida (former subspecies uhleri, were evaluated and compared. No significant (p > 0.05 differences were recorded among the three species with respect to the average time required to hatch. This time was approximately 19 days. The average egg-to-adult development time was significantly (p < 0.05 shorter for T. rubida. The number of blood meals at each nymphal instar varied from one-five for each species. The mortality rates were higher for the first-instar nymphs of the three species studied. The mean time lapse before the beginning of feeding was between 0.3-3 min for most nymphs of all instars of each species studied. The mean feeding time was the longest for T. recurva, followed by T. protracta. The defecation delay was less than 10 min for T. recurva and T. rubida. Given these results, only T. rubida should be considered an important potential vector of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission to humans in areas of Mexico where these species exist, whereas T. recurva and T. protracta would be of secondary importance.

Susceptibility and resistance to deltamethrin of wild and domestic populations of Triatoma infestans (Reduviidae: Triatominae in Bolivia: new discoveries

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stéphanie Depickère

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Bolivia is a high-endemic country for Chagas disease, for which the principal vector is Triatoma infestans (Triatominae. This is a mainly domestic species that is also found in the wild environment. Recently, an increasing number of studies have shown the importance of Triatominae resistance to insecticides, especially in Bolivia. Data regarding the susceptibility/resistance of wild and domestic populations of T. infestans to deltamethrin are presented. For the first time, domestic populations of the department of Santa Cruz were tested, showing low resistance. Although most of the wild populations were found to be susceptible to deltamethrin, three populations from three departments showed a mortality rate of less than 100%. This result is emphasised here.

Experimental Infection of Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera, Triatominae with Mycobacterium leprae Indicates Potential for Leprosy Transmission.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arthur da Silva Neumann

Full Text Available Leprosy is a chronic dermato-neurological disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium leprae. In 2013 almost 200,000 new cases of leprosy were detected around the world. Since the first symptoms take from years to decades to appear, the total number of asymptomatic patients is impossible to predict. Although leprosy is one of the oldest records of human disease, the mechanisms involved with its transmission and epidemiology are still not completely understood. In the present work, we experimentally investigated the hypothesis that the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus and the hemiptera Rhodnius prolixus act as leprosy vectors. By means of real-time PCR quantification of M. leprae 16SrRNA, we found that M. leprae remained viable inside the digestive tract of Rhodnius prolixus for 20 days after oral infection. In contrast, in the gut of both mosquito species tested, we were not able to detect M. leprae RNA after a similar period of time. Inside the kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus digestive tract, M. leprae was initially restricted to the anterior midgut, but gradually moved towards the hindgut, in a time course reminiscent of the life cycle of Trypanosoma cruzi, a well-known pathogen transmitted by this insect. The maintenance of M. leprae infectivity inside the digestive tract of this kissing bug is further supported by successful mice footpad inoculation with feces collected 20 days after infection. We conclude that Rhodnius prolixus defecate infective M. leprae, justifying the evaluation of the presence of M. leprae among sylvatic and domestic kissing bugs in countries endemic for leprosy.

Experimental Infection of Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera, Triatominae) with Mycobacterium leprae Indicates Potential for Leprosy Transmission.

Science.gov (United States)

Neumann, Arthur da Silva; Dias, Felipe de Almeida; Ferreira, Jéssica da Silva; Fontes, Amanda Nogueira Brum; Rosa, Patricia Sammarco; Macedo, Rafael Enrique; Oliveira, José Henrique; Teixeira, Raquel Lima de Figueiredo; Pessolani, Maria Cristina Vidal; Moraes, Milton Ozório; Suffys, Philip Noel; Oliveira, Pedro L; Sorgine, Marcos Henrique Ferreira; Lara, Flavio Alves

2016-01-01

Leprosy is a chronic dermato-neurological disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium leprae. In 2013 almost 200,000 new cases of leprosy were detected around the world. Since the first symptoms take from years to decades to appear, the total number of asymptomatic patients is impossible to predict. Although leprosy is one of the oldest records of human disease, the mechanisms involved with its transmission and epidemiology are still not completely understood. In the present work, we experimentally investigated the hypothesis that the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus and the hemiptera Rhodnius prolixus act as leprosy vectors. By means of real-time PCR quantification of M. leprae 16SrRNA, we found that M. leprae remained viable inside the digestive tract of Rhodnius prolixus for 20 days after oral infection. In contrast, in the gut of both mosquito species tested, we were not able to detect M. leprae RNA after a similar period of time. Inside the kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus digestive tract, M. leprae was initially restricted to the anterior midgut, but gradually moved towards the hindgut, in a time course reminiscent of the life cycle of Trypanosoma cruzi, a well-known pathogen transmitted by this insect. The maintenance of M. leprae infectivity inside the digestive tract of this kissing bug is further supported by successful mice footpad inoculation with feces collected 20 days after infection. We conclude that Rhodnius prolixus defecate infective M. leprae, justifying the evaluation of the presence of M. leprae among sylvatic and domestic kissing bugs in countries endemic for leprosy.

Primeiro Registro de Afídeos (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) em Carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.) no Brasil

OpenAIRE

Cunha, Suzan Beatriz Zambon da; Sousa e Silva, Carlos Roberto

2016-01-01

A carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.) árvore de origem Asiática foi introduzida no Brasil em 1817, desde então vem aumentando sua área de cultivo no país. A planta é atacada por poucos insetos como as moscas e percevejos. Este trabalho relata a presença de Aphis gossypii Glover em A. carambola pela primeira vez no Brasil. First Record of Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Starfruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) in Brazil Abstract. The starfruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) has origin Asiatic an...

Triatominae-Trypanosoma cruzi/T. rangeli: Vector-parasite interactions.

Science.gov (United States)

Vallejo, G A; Guhl, F; Schaub, G A

2009-01-01

Of the currently known 140 species in the family Reduviidae, subfamily Triatominae, those which are most important as vectors of the aetiologic agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi, belong to the tribes Triatomini and Rhodniini. The latter not only transmit T. cruzi but also Trypanosoma rangeli, which is considered apathogenic for the mammalian host but can be pathogenic for the vectors. Using different molecular methods, two main lineages of T. cruzi have been classified, T. cruzi I and T. cruzi II. Within T. cruzi II, five subdivisions are recognized, T. cruzi IIa-IIe, according to the variability of the ribosomal subunits 24Salpha rRNA and 18S rRNA. In T. rangeli, differences in the organization of the kinetoplast DNA separate two forms denoted T. rangeli KP1+ and KP1-, although differences in the intergenic mini-exon gene and of the small subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA) suggest four subpopulations denoted T. rangeli A, B, C and D. The interactions of these subpopulations of the trypanosomes with different species and populations of Triatominae determine the epidemiology of the human-infecting trypanosomes in Latin America. Often, specific subpopulations of the trypanosomes are transmitted by specific vectors in a particular geographic area. Studies centered on trypanosome-triatomine interaction may allow identification of co-evolutionary processes, which, in turn, could consolidate hypotheses of the evolution and the distribution of T. cruzi/T. rangeli-vectors in America, and they may help to identify the mechanisms that either facilitate or impede the transmission of the parasites in different vector species. Such mechanisms seem to involve intestinal bacteria, especially the symbionts which are needed by the triatomines to complete nymphal development and to produce eggs. Development of the symbionts is regulated by the vector. T. cruzi and T. rangeli interfere with this system and induce the production of antibacterial substances. Whereas T. cruzi is only

Triatominae Biochemistry Goes to School: Evaluation of a Novel Tool for Teaching Basic Biochemical Concepts of Chagas Disease Vectors

Science.gov (United States)

Cunha, Leonardo Rodrigues; de Oliveria Cudischevitch, Cecília; Carneiro, Alan Brito; Macedo, Gustavo Bartholomeu; Lannes, Denise; da Silva-Neto, Mário Alberto Cardoso

2014-01-01

We evaluate a new approach to teaching the basic biochemistry mechanisms that regulate the biology of Triatominae, major vectors of "Trypanosoma cruzi," the causative agent of Chagas disease. We have designed and used a comic book, "Carlos Chagas: 100 years after a hero's discovery" containing scientific information obtained by…

Distribuição espacial de populações de triatomíneos (Hemiptera: Reduviidae em palmeiras da espécie Mauritia flexuosa no Distrito Federal, Brasil Spatial distribution of Triatominae populations (Hemiptera: Reduviidae in Mauritia flexuosa palm trees in Federal District of Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodrigo Gurgel-Gonçalves

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Para determinar e analisar a distribuição espacial de populações silvestres de triatomíneos no Distrito Federal, Brasil, foram amostradas 150 palmeiras da espécie Mauritia flexuosa em seis veredas de diferentes paisagens (silvestre, rural e periurbana na estação chuvosa. Os triatomíneos foram identificados morfologicamente, separados por sexo e estadio ninfal e examinados para verificar infecção por Trypanosoma cruzi e Trypanosoma rangeli. Vinte e oito (18,6% palmeiras estavam infestadas por Rhodnius neglectus e 14 (9,5% por Psammolestes tertius. A freqüência dessas espécies em palmeiras com e sem ninhos foi significativamente diferente, sendo superior nas palmeiras com ninhos de aves e mamíferos na copa. O maior número médio de insetos/palmeira foi observado nas áreas rurais, com estimativas de até 838 insetos/hectare. A composição etária das espécies apresentou um padrão diferente, Rhodnius neglectus com predomínio de ninfas e Psammolestes tertius com predomínio de adultos, sendo que muitos ovos de Rhodnius neglectus foram coletados indicando um evento reprodutivo em fevereiro de 2003. Entre os ninhos encontrados nas palmeiras, o do pássaro Phacellodomus ruber (Furnariidae apresentou as maiores abundâncias de triatomíneos, ocorrendo em 42% das palmeiras. A abundância relativa de Rhodnius neglectus e Psammolestes tertius foi maior em áreas rurais que possuíram maior número de ninhos nas palmeiras e menor densidade de palmeiras por hectare. Nenhum dos 96 triatomíneos examinados estava infectado por Trypanosoma cruzi ou Trypanosoma rangeli, apesar de encontrarmos infecção de Rhodnius neglectus por esses parasitas em estudos anteriores.To determine and analyze the distribution of Triatominae sylvatic populations in the Federal District of Brazil, 150 Mauritia flexuosa palm trees were sampled in six veredas of different landscapes (sylvatic, rural and peri-urban in the rainy season. Triatomines were

[Development of Rhodnius pictipes Stal, 1872 fed on mice and through a silicone membrane (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae)].

Science.gov (United States)

Rocha, D da S; da Fonseca, A H; Costa, F A; Jurberg, J; Galvão, C

1997-01-01

Rhodnius pictipes (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) from Serra Norte, State of Pará, Brazil, acclimatized in an insectary at the Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, were fed through a silicone membrane. In order to know the viability and the efficiency of this membrane compared with insects fed on mice, the number of bloodmeals taken, period of development of the five nymphal instars, longevity of adults, average amount of blood intake in each meal and percent of mortality were observed. A total of 310 insects, were used, comprising 50 nymphs of each instar, as well as 30 male and 30 female adults. Insects fed artificially had reduced minimal and maximal periods of development than the group fed on mice. The largest relative increase of body weight was observed in the 2nd instar followed by the 1st, and the amount of blood ingested increased during the development, to the 5th instar for both groups. There were no significant differences between the groups fed artificially and in vivo according to Tukey's test for p > 0.05. The percent of mortality in the 1st instar was 18% for artificially fed and 16% for the group fed on mice; these percentages decreased as insects developed until the 4th instar, without mortality, returning to increase in the 5th instar. R. pictipes was shown to be easily adaptable to artificial feeding, and could be considered as an important and viable experimental model.

Presencia de Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae en el Noroeste Argentino (NOA Record of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae in North West Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucrecia Augier

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Se amplía la distribución de Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae para el Noroeste Argentino.The distribution of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae is expanded to North West Argentina.

Changes associated with laboratory rearing in antennal sensilla patterns of Triatoma infestans, Rhodnius prolixus, and Rhodnius pallescens (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Catalá SS

2004-01-01

Full Text Available We examined changes in the array of antennal sensilla of three species of Triatominae (Triatoma infestans, Rhodnius prolixus, and R. pallescens following their establishment for different periods in laboratory culture. In each case, the laboratory colonies were compared with conspecific samples taken directly from the field, by quantitative analysis of the sensilla arrays on the three distal segments of the antenna in terms of the densities of three types of chemoreceptors (basiconics and thick and thin walled trichoids and one type of mechanoreceptor (bristles. Sensilla densities were compared by ANOVA or non-parametric tests, and by multivariate discriminant analysis. Strains of the same species reared in different laboratories showed significant differences in their sensilla arrays, especially when compared to field-collected material from the same geographic origin. A Bolivian strain of T. infestans reared in the laboratory for 15 years and fed at monthly intervals, showed greatest differences from its conspecific wild forms, especially in terms of reductions in the number of chemoreceptors. By contrast, an Argentine strain of T. infestans reared for 25 years in the laboratory and fed weekly, showed a relative increase in the density of mechanoreceptors. A Colombian strain of R. prolixus reared for 20 years and fed weekly or fortnightly, showed only modest differences in the sensilla array when compared to its wild populations from the same area. However, a Colombian strain of R. pallescens reared for 12 years and fed fortnightly, did show highly significant reductions in one form of chemoreceptor compared to its conspecific wild populations. For all populations, multivariate analysis clearly discriminated between laboratory and field collected specimens, suggesting that artificial rearing can lead to modifications in the sensory array. This not only supports the idea of morphological plasticity in these species, but also suggests caution in

Triatominae biochemistry goes to school: evaluation of a novel tool for teaching basic biochemical concepts of Chagas disease vectors.

Science.gov (United States)

Cunha, Leonardo Rodrigues; Cudischevitch, Cecília de Oliveira; Carneiro, Alan Brito; Macedo, Gustavo Bartholomeu; Lannes, Denise; Silva-Neto, Mário Alberto Cardoso da

2014-01-01

We evaluate a new approach to teaching the basic biochemistry mechanisms that regulate the biology of Triatominae, major vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. We have designed and used a comic book, "Carlos Chagas: 100 years after a hero's discovery" containing scientific information obtained by seven distinguished contemporary Brazilian researchers working with Triatominaes. Students (22) in the seventh grade of a public elementary school received the comic book. The study was then followed up by the use of Concept Maps elaborated by the students. Six Concept Maps elaborated by the students before the introduction of the comic book received an average score of 7. Scores rose to an average of 45 after the introduction of the comic book. This result suggests that a more attractive content can greatly improve the knowledge and conceptual understanding among students not previously exposed to insect biochemistry. In conclusion, this study illustrates an alternative to current strategies of teaching about the transmission of neglected diseases. It also promotes the diffusion of the scientific knowledge produced by Brazilian researchers that may stimulate students to choose a scientific career. © 2014 The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

Gender- and species-specific characteristics of bacteriomes from three psyllid species (Hemiptera: Psylloidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Psyllids (Hemiptera: Pyslloidea) harbor bacterial symbionts in specialized organs called bacteriomes. Bacteriomes may be subject to manipulation to control psyllid pests including Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae) and Cacopsylla pyricola (Forster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) if the bi...

Record of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in North West Argentina

OpenAIRE

Augier, Lucrecia; Gastaminza, Gerardo; Lizondo, Marcelo; Argañaraz, Manuel; Willink, Eduardo

2006-01-01

Se amplía la distribución de Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) para el Noroeste Argentino.The distribution of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is expanded to North West Argentina.

A Molecular Phylogeny of Hemiptera Inferred from Mitochondrial Genome Sequences

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Nan; Liang, Ai-Ping; Bu, Cui-Ping

2012-01-01

Classically, Hemiptera is comprised of two suborders: Homoptera and Heteroptera. Homoptera includes Cicadomorpha, Fulgoromorpha and Sternorrhyncha. However, according to previous molecular phylogenetic studies based on 18S rDNA, Fulgoromorpha has a closer relationship to Heteroptera than to other hemipterans, leaving Homoptera as paraphyletic. Therefore, the position of Fulgoromorpha is important for studying phylogenetic structure of Hemiptera. We inferred the evolutionary affiliations of twenty-five superfamilies of Hemiptera using mitochondrial protein-coding genes and rRNAs. We sequenced three mitogenomes, from Pyrops candelaria, Lycorma delicatula and Ricania marginalis, representing two additional families in Fulgoromorpha. Pyrops and Lycorma are representatives of an additional major family Fulgoridae in Fulgoromorpha, whereas Ricania is a second representative of the highly derived clade Ricaniidae. The organization and size of these mitogenomes are similar to those of the sequenced fulgoroid species. Our consensus phylogeny of Hemiptera largely supported the relationships (((Fulgoromorpha,Sternorrhyncha),Cicadomorpha),Heteroptera), and thus supported the classic phylogeny of Hemiptera. Selection of optimal evolutionary models (exclusion and inclusion of two rRNA genes or of third codon positions of protein-coding genes) demonstrated that rapidly evolving and saturated sites should be removed from the analyses. PMID:23144967

A molecular phylogeny of Hemiptera inferred from mitochondrial genome sequences.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nan Song

Full Text Available Classically, Hemiptera is comprised of two suborders: Homoptera and Heteroptera. Homoptera includes Cicadomorpha, Fulgoromorpha and Sternorrhyncha. However, according to previous molecular phylogenetic studies based on 18S rDNA, Fulgoromorpha has a closer relationship to Heteroptera than to other hemipterans, leaving Homoptera as paraphyletic. Therefore, the position of Fulgoromorpha is important for studying phylogenetic structure of Hemiptera. We inferred the evolutionary affiliations of twenty-five superfamilies of Hemiptera using mitochondrial protein-coding genes and rRNAs. We sequenced three mitogenomes, from Pyrops candelaria, Lycorma delicatula and Ricania marginalis, representing two additional families in Fulgoromorpha. Pyrops and Lycorma are representatives of an additional major family Fulgoridae in Fulgoromorpha, whereas Ricania is a second representative of the highly derived clade Ricaniidae. The organization and size of these mitogenomes are similar to those of the sequenced fulgoroid species. Our consensus phylogeny of Hemiptera largely supported the relationships (((Fulgoromorpha,Sternorrhyncha,Cicadomorpha,Heteroptera, and thus supported the classic phylogeny of Hemiptera. Selection of optimal evolutionary models (exclusion and inclusion of two rRNA genes or of third codon positions of protein-coding genes demonstrated that rapidly evolving and saturated sites should be removed from the analyses.

Phylogenetic relationships of Hemiptera inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear genes.

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Nan; Li, Hu; Cai, Wanzhi; Yan, Fengming; Wang, Jianyun; Song, Fan

2016-11-01

Here, we reconstructed the Hemiptera phylogeny based on the expanded mitochondrial protein-coding genes and the nuclear 18S rRNA gene, separately. The differential rates of change across lineages may associate with long-branch attraction (LBA) effect and result in conflicting estimates of phylogeny from different types of data. To reduce the potential effects of systematic biases on inferences of topology, various data coding schemes, site removal method, and different algorithms were utilized in phylogenetic reconstruction. We show that the outgroups Phthiraptera, Thysanoptera, and the ingroup Sternorrhyncha share similar base composition, and exhibit "long branches" relative to other hemipterans. Thus, the long-branch attraction between these groups is suspected to cause the failure of recovering Hemiptera under the homogeneous model. In contrast, a monophyletic Hemiptera is supported when heterogeneous model is utilized in the analysis. Although higher level phylogenetic relationships within Hemiptera remain to be answered, consensus between analyses is beginning to converge on a stable phylogeny.

Melt With This Kiss: Paralyzing and Liquefying Venom of The Assassin Bug Pristhesancus plagipennis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Walker, Andrew A; Madio, Bruno; Jin, Jiayi; Undheim, Eivind A B; Fry, Bryan G; King, Glenn F

2017-04-01

Assassin bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae) are venomous insects, most of which prey on invertebrates. Assassin bug venom has features in common with venoms from other animals, such as paralyzing and lethal activity when injected, and a molecular composition that includes disulfide-rich peptide neurotoxins. Uniquely, this venom also has strong liquefying activity that has been hypothesized to facilitate feeding through the narrow channel of the proboscis-a structure inherited from sap- and phloem-feeding phytophagous hemipterans and adapted during the evolution of Heteroptera into a fang and feeding structure. However, further understanding of the function of assassin bug venom is impeded by the lack of proteomic studies detailing its molecular composition.By using a combined transcriptomic/proteomic approach, we show that the venom proteome of the harpactorine assassin bug Pristhesancus plagipennis includes a complex suite of >100 proteins comprising disulfide-rich peptides, CUB domain proteins, cystatins, putative cytolytic toxins, triabin-like protein, odorant-binding protein, S1 proteases, catabolic enzymes, putative nutrient-binding proteins, plus eight families of proteins without homology to characterized proteins. S1 proteases, CUB domain proteins, putative cytolytic toxins, and other novel proteins in the 10-16-kDa mass range, were the most abundant venom components. Thus, in addition to putative neurotoxins, assassin bug venom includes a high proportion of enzymatic and cytolytic venom components likely to be well suited to tissue liquefaction. Our results also provide insight into the trophic switch to blood-feeding by the kissing bugs (Reduviidae: Triatominae). Although some protein families such as triabins occur in the venoms of both predaceous and blood-feeding reduviids, the composition of venoms produced by these two groups is revealed to differ markedly. These results provide insights into the venom evolution in the insect suborder

[Triatominae and Cactaceae: a risk for the transmission of the American trypanosomiasis in the peridomicilary space (Northeast Brazil)].

Science.gov (United States)

Emperaire, L; Romaña, C A

2006-06-01

Field observations carried in semi-arid Brazil Northeast point out the frequent association, in the peridomiciliary space, between a cactus, Cereus jamacaru, the occurrence of nests in its branches and the occurrence of two species of insects vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, pathogenic agent of Chagas disease: Rhodnius neglectus and Triatoma pseudomaculata. The analysis of the architectural variables of this Cactaceae shows that the presence of nests, and thus of insects, depends on the traditional practices of management of this cactus. This study underlines the relevance of an integrated approach of the ecology of Triatominae for the identification of factors of risk.

Tagging of Panstrongylus megistus (Hemiptera, Triatominae) with radioisotopes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Neves, D.P.; Paulini, E.; Ferreira, V.M.

1982-01-01

Experiments have been made in laboratory and field conditions with Panstrongylus megistus, which were tagged by attaching pieces of Ir-192 wire to the pronotum. Marked bugs were detected by a Geiger-Muller counter and were also recaptured in Gomes-Nunez boxes. Bugs were found to cover distances of up to 150 meters in 12 days after release and circulated from sylvatic to domiciliary environments. (M.A.C.) [pt

Saproxylic Hemiptera Habitat Associations

Science.gov (United States)

Michael D. Ulyshen; James L. Hanula; Robert L. Blinn; Gene. Kritsky

2012-01-01

Understanding the habitat requirements of organisms associated with dead wood is important in order to conserve them in managed forests. Unfortunately, many of the less diverse saproxylic taxa, including Hemiptera, remain largely unstudied. An effort to rear insects from dead wood taken from two forest types (an upland pine-dominated and a bottomland mixed hardwood),...

The complete mitochondrial genome of a spiraling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus Russell (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Ming-Xing, Lu; Zhi-Teng, Chen; Wei-Wei, Yu; Yu-Zhou, Du

2017-03-01

We report the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of a spiraling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). The 16 170 bp long genome consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 20 transfer RNAs, 2 ribosomal RNAs, and a control region. The A. dispersus mitogenome also includes a cytb-like non-coding region and shows several variations relative to the typical insect mitogenome. A phylogenetic tree has been constructed using the 13 protein-coding genes of 12 related species from Hemiptera. Our results would contribute to further study of phylogeny in Aleyrodidae and Hemiptera.

Registro de Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Hemiptera, Thaumastocoridae) no Estado do Paraná

OpenAIRE

Barbosa, Leonardo Rodrigues; Santos, Franciele; Wilcken, Carlos F.; Soliman, Everton P.

2010-01-01

It is recorded the occurrence of Thaumastocoris peregrinus Carpintero & Dellapé, 2006 (Hemiptera, Thaumastocoridae) in eucalyptus trees in the State of Parana, Brazil. The insect was observed in June at 2009, in Curitiba region.

doi: 10.4336/2010.pfb.30.61.75

É registrada a ocorrência de Thaumastocoris peregrinus Carpintero & Dellapé, 2006 (Hemiptera, Thaumastocoridae) em árvores de eucalipto no Estado do Paraná. Infestações foram o...

Rediscovering digitules in Aphidomorpha and the question of homology among Sternorrhyncha (Insecta, Hemiptera

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mark A. Metz

2017-07-01

Full Text Available We explore and expand on the morphological term digitule. The term was originally proposed for toe-like setae on a species of Phylloxera Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1834 (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Aphidomorpha by Henry Shimer, an American naturalist. While it is standard terminology in scale systematics (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccidomorpha, the term digitule was ignored by aphid specialists despite being the original taxon for which the term was described. Similar setae occur on many arthropod groups, so the homology is poorly understood even within any superfamily of Hemiptera. We provide the etymology of the term, a proposed explanation for why it was used among scale taxonomists and not aphid taxonomists, and discuss briefly options to progress beyond the confusion between terminology for morphology and homology in Sternorrhyncha.

Host Range Specificity of Scymnus camptodromus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), A Predator of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Limbu, Samita; Cassidy, Katie; Keena, Melody; Tobin, Patrick; Hoover, Kelli

2016-02-01

Scymnus (Neopullus) camptodromus Yu and Liu (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) was brought to the United States from China as a potential biological control agent for hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand) (Hemiptera: Adelgidae). Scymnus camptodromus phenology is closely synchronized with that of A. tsugae and has several characteristics of a promising biological control agent. As a prerequisite to field release, S. camptodromus was evaluated for potential nontarget impacts. In host range studies, the predator was given the choice of sympatric adelgid and nonadelgid prey items. Nontarget testing showed that S. camptodromus will feed to some degree on other adelgid species, but highly prefers A. tsugae. We also evaluated larval development of S. camptodromus on pine bark adelgid (Pineus strobi (Hartig)) (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) and larch adelgid (Adelges laricis Vallot) (Hemiptera: Adelgidae); a small proportion of predator larvae was able to develop to adulthood on P. strobi or A. laricis alone. Scymnus camptodromus showed no interest in feeding on woolly alder aphid (Paraprociphilus tessellatus Fitch) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) or woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann)) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and minimal interest in cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in choice and no-choice experiments. Scymnus camptodromus females did not oviposit on any host material other than A. tsugae-infested hemlock. Under the circumstances of the study, S. camptodromus appears to be a specific predator of A. tsugae, with minimal risk to nontarget species. Although the predator can develop on P. strobi, the likelihood that S. camptodromus would oviposit on pine hosts of this adelgid is small.

Application of RNA-seq for mitogenome reconstruction, and reconsideration of long-branch artifacts in Hemiptera phylogeny

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Nan; An, Shiheng; Yin, Xinming; Cai, Wanzhi; Li, Hu

2016-01-01

Hemiptera make up the largest nonholometabolan insect assemblage. Despite previous efforts to elucidate phylogeny within this group, relationships among the major sub-lineages remain uncertain. In particular, mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) data are still sparse for many important hemipteran insect groups. Recent mitogenomic analyses of Hemiptera have usually included no more than 50 species, with conflicting hypotheses presented. Here, we determined the nearly complete nucleotide sequence of the mitogenome for the aphid species of Rhopalosiphum padi using RNA-seq plus gap filling. The 15,205 bp mitogenome included all mitochondrial genes except for trnF. The mitogenome organization and size for R. padi are similar to previously reported aphid species. In addition, the phylogenetic relationships for Hemiptera were examined using a mitogenomic dataset which included sequences from 103 ingroup species and 19 outgroup species. Our results showed that the seven species representing the Aleyrodidae exhibit extremely long branches, and always cluster with long-branched outgroups. This lead to the failure of recovering a monophyletic Hemiptera in most analyses. The data treatment of Degen-coding for protein-coding genes and the site-heterogeneous CAT model show improved suppression of the long-branch effect. Under these conditions, the Sternorrhyncha was often recovered as the most basal clade in Hemiptera. PMID:27633117

Preliminary Observations on Zelus obscuridorsis (Stål (Hemiptera: Reduviidae as Predator of the Corn Leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae in Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo G. Virla

2015-06-01

Full Text Available The corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae, is an important corn pest in most of tropical and subtropical America. This leafhopper has a rich natural enemy complex of which parasitoids and pathogens are the most studied; knowledge on its predators is limited. We noted the presence of the native assassin bug Zelus obscuridorsis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae predating diverse motile insects, including the corn leafhopper, on corn plants cultivated in household vegetable gardens in San Miguel de Tucumán (Argentina; in order to verify its predatory actions, we exposed lab-bred individuals of D. maidis to adults of Z. obscuridorsis. The predators were starved for 24 h before trials in which the corn leafhopper in different developmental stages were exposed. Zelus obscuridorsis is highly skilled in catching specimens in motion, but it was not able to prey on eggs. The predator was capable to catch and prey on nymphs and adults.

Toxicological, Enzymatic, and Molecular Assessment of the Insecticide Susceptibility Profile of Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae, Triatominae) Populations From Rural Communities of Santa Cruz, Bolivia.

Science.gov (United States)

Santo-Orihuela, Pablo L; Vassena, Claudia V; Carvajal, Guillermo; Clark, Eva; Menacho, Silvio; Bozo, Ricardo; Gilman, Robert H; Bern, Caryn; Marcet, Paula L

2017-01-01

A wide range of insecticide resistance profiles has been reported across Bolivian domestic and sylvatic populations of Triatoma infestans (Klug, 1834) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), including some with levels proven to be a threat for vector control. In this work, the insecticide profile of domestic T. infestans was studied with standardized toxicological bioassays, in an area that has not undergone consistent vector control. F1 first-instar nymphs hatched in laboratory from bugs captured in three communities from the Santa Cruz Department were evaluated with different insecticides. Moreover, the enzymatic activity of esterases and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases was measured in individual insects to evaluate the possible mechanism of metabolic resistance to pyrethroids. In addition, the DNA sequence of sodium channel gene (kdr) was screened for two point mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance previously reported in T. infestans.All populations showed reduced susceptibility to deltamethrin and α-cypermethrin, albeit the RR50 values varied significantly among them. Increased P450 monooxygenases and permethrate esterases suggest the contribution, as detoxifying mechanisms, to the observed resistance to deltamethrin in all studied populations. No individuals presented either mutation associated to resistance in the kdr gene. The level of susceptibility to α-cypermethrin, the insecticide used by the local vector control program, falls within an acceptable range to continue its use in these populations. However, the observed RR50 values evidence the possibility of selection for resistance to pyrethroids, especially to deltamethrin. Consequently, the use of pyrethroid insecticides should be closely monitored in these communities, which should be kept under entomological surveillance and sustained interventions. © The Authors 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email

Essential oils as fumigants for bed bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

Science.gov (United States)

In Petri dish assays, fumigation of a pyrethroid-susceptible strain of bed bugs Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) with various essential oils resulted in mortality that approached or equaled 100%, after 5 days. However, when bed bugs were exposed to the same essential oils in sealed, comme...

Verde plant bug, Creontiades signatus (Hemiptera: Miridae) effects of insect density and bloom period of infestation on cotton damage and yield

Science.gov (United States)

The verde plant bug, Creontiades signatus Distant (Hemiptera: Miridae), has emerged as a threat to cotton in South Texas, causing boll damage similar to boll-feeding stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Verde plant bugs were released into caged cotton for a one-week period to characterize the effec...

Development of DNA barcodes of genus Lygus Hahn (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Science.gov (United States)

The genus Lygus (Hemiptera: Miridae) is an important group of insects that contains 43 known species worldwide. Some species within this genus are important agricultural pests in North America. Annual economic impacts in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., from Lygus spp. due to yield losses and control ...

Preparing soft-bodied arthropods for microscope examination: Whiteflies (Insecta: Hemiptera: Alyrodidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Proper identification of whiteflies (Hemiptera:Alyrodidae) requires preparation of the specimen on a microscope slide. This training video provides visual instruction on how to prepare whitefly specimens on microscope slides for examination and identification. Steps ranging from collection, specimen...

Preparing soft-bodied arthropods for microscope examination: Aphids (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Science.gov (United States)

Proper identification of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) require preparation of the specimen on a microscope slide. This training video provides visual instruction on how to prepare aphid specimens on microscope slides for examination and indentification. Steps ranging from collection, specimen clear...

Catalog of the adelgids of the world (Hemiptera, Adelgidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Colin Favret; Nathan P. Havill; Gary L. Miller; Masakazu Sano; Benjamin Victor

2015-01-01

A taxonomic and nomenclatural Catalogue of the adelgids (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) is presented. Six family-group names are listed, five being synonyms of Adelgidae. Twenty-two genus-group names, of which nine are subjectively valid and in use, are presented with their type species, etymology, and grammatical gender. One hundred and six species-group names are listed, of...

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)

Science.gov (United States)

The first complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequence of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), from Guangzhou, China is presented. The circular mitogenome is 14,996 bp in length with an A+T content of 74.5%, and contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes ...

“Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri” affects behavior of Cacopsylla pyricola (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is a key pest of pear and is a vector of "Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri", the pathogen associated with pear decline disease. Although commercial pear trees are grafted to Phytoplasma-resistant rootstock, a recent report indicated that many C. p...

Observations on some species of the genus Lyramorpha Westw. (Hemiptera Heteroptera)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schouteden, H.

1908-01-01

1. Lyramorpha pallida Westwood and L. rosea Westwood. In his »Catalogue of Hemiptera in the Collection of the Rev. W. F. Hope”, part I, London 1837, Westwood founded the genus Lyramorpha, with two species, L. rosea and L. pallida, both from New Holland.

First report and morphological redescription of Teleonemia morio (Stål (Hemiptera, Tingidae in Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae in Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sônia M. F. Broglio

2012-03-01

Full Text Available First report and morphological redescription of Teleonemia morio (Stål (Hemiptera, Tingidae in Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae in Brazil. This is the first report of a severe attack of Teleonemia morio (Stål, 1855 (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Tingidae on Annona squamosa L. (custard apple, causing up to 80% of losses of infested trees. In order to facilitate the identification of this insect pest, the adult female of T. morio is redescribed based on specimens collected in Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas, Brazil.Primeiro registro e redescrição morfológica de Teleonemia morio (Stål (Hemiptera, Tingidae em Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae no Brazil. Este é o primeiro registro de um ataque severo de Teleonemia morio (Stål, 1855 (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Tingidae em árvores de Annona squamosa L. (pinheira ou fruta-do-conde, resultando em perdas de aproximadamente 80% das plantas infestadas. Com o objetivo de facilitar a identificação deste inseto-praga, foi feita a redescrição da fêmea adulta de T. morio com base em espécimes coletados em Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas, Brasil.

Spruce aphid (Elatobium abietinum Walker) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) [Chapter XXIV

Science.gov (United States)

Ann M. Lynch

2014-01-01

Elatobium abietinum Walker is a spruce-feeding aphid that in Europe is referred to as the green spruce aphid (Day et al., 1998a) (Fig. 1). However, in North America E. abietinum is known simply as the spruce aphid, while the common name "green spruce aphid" refers to a different species, Cinara fornacula Hottes (Hemiptera: Aphididae) (http://www.entsoc.org/...

A genitália externa na tribo Bolboderini (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Herman Lent

1984-03-01

Full Text Available Sete espécies da tribo bolboderini, pertencentes aos gêneros Bolbodera, Belminus, Microtriatoma e Parabelminus, duas das quais já encontradas naturalmente infectadas com Trypanosoma cruzi, foram analisadas e comparadas tendo como enfoque oito estruturas da genitália externa dos machos: Processo mediano do pigóforo (PrP, Processo da conjuntiva (PrCj, Extensão mediana da placa basal (EPIb, Processo do endosoma (PrEn, Suporte do falosoma (SPh, Falosoma (Ph, Processo do gonoporo (PrG e a Vesica (V. Microtriatoma trinidadensis (lent, 1951 e M. borbai Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1979 mostraram um plano estrutural morfológico semelhante a Parabelminus yurupucu Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1979 e P. carioca Lent, 1943 e deferindo nitidamente de Belminus peruvianus Herrer, Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1954 e B. herreri Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1979 e de Bolbodera scabrosa, Valdés, 1910, não só pela ausência como pela forma de determinadas estruturas. Estas observações comparativas confirmam as afinidades entre Microtriatoma e Parabelminus e suas relações com belminus e Bolbodera.Seven species of the Bolboderini tribe belonging to the genera bolbodera, Belminus, Microtriatoma and Parabelminus, two of them found naturally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, were analysed and compared emphasizing eight structures of the male external genitalia: median process of pygophore (PrP, conjunctiva process (PrCj, pedicel (EP1b, endosoma process (PrEn, struts (SPh, phallosoma (Ph, medium bridge (PrG and vesica (V. Microtriatoma trinidadensis (Lent, 1951 and M. borbai Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1979 have shown a structural morphological aspect similar to Parabelminus yurupucu Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1979 and P. carioca Lent, 1943 differing clearly from Belminus peruvianus Herrer, Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1954, B. herreri Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1979 and Bolbodera scabrosa valdés, 1910, not only by the absence but by the shape of some structures. These comparative observations confirm the affinity between Microtriatoma and Parabelminus and their relations with Belminus and Bolbodera.

Rhizoecus colombiensis Ramos & Caballero, a new species of hypogeal mealybug (Hemiptera: Coccomor.

Science.gov (United States)

Ramos-Portilla, Andrea Amalia; Caballero, Alejandro

2016-03-14

A new species belonging to Rhizoecus Künckel d'Herculais (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) is described, with hosts and distribution data in the New World. A dichotomous and illustrated key for the twelve species of Rhizoecus recorded from Colombia is presented.

Preparing soft-bodied arthropods for microscope examination: Soft Scales (Insecta: Hemiptera: Coccidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Proper identification of soft scales (Hemiptera:Coccidae) requires preparation of the specimen on a microscope slide. This training video provides visual instruction on how to prepare soft scale specimens on microscope slides for examination and identification. Steps ranging from collection, speci...

Instar- and stage-specific photoperiodic diapause response of Lygus hesperus (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Science.gov (United States)

The western tarnished plant bug (Lygus hesperus Knight)(Hemiptera:Miridae) is a polyphagous pest of numerous western crops. This pest overwinters in a relatively short duration adult diapause, but many details regarding diapause induction and maintenance remain unstudied. Instar-specific responses t...

Preparing sternorrhynchous insects (Insecta: Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) for microscope examination: Hoyer’s mounting medium

Science.gov (United States)

Proper identification of aphids, scale insects, psyllids, and whitefles (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) require preparation of the specimen on a microscope slide. This training video provides visual instruction on how to prepare sternorrhynchous specimens on microscope slides for examination and identi...

Preparing soft-bodied arthropods for arthropods for microscope examination: Mealybugs (Insects: Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Proper identification of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) require preparation of the specimen on a microscope slide. This training video provides visual instruction on how to prepare mealybug specimens on microscope slides for examination and identification. Steps ranging from collection, spec...

Hemiptera Mitochondrial Control Region: New Sights into the Structural Organization, Phylogenetic Utility, and Roles of Tandem Repetitions of the Noncoding Segment

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kui Li

2018-04-01

Full Text Available As a major noncoding fragment, the control region (CR of mtDNA is responsible for the initiation of mitogenome transcription and replication. Several structural features of CR sequences have been reported in many insects. However, comprehensive analyses on the structural organization and phylogenetic utility, as well as the role of tandem replications (TRs on length variation, high A+T content, and shift of base skew of CR sequences are poorly investigated in hemipteran insects. In this study, we conducted a series of comparative analyses, using 116 samples covering all 11 infraorders of the five currently recognized monophyletic groups in the Hemiptera. Several structural elements (mononucleotide stretches containing conserved sequence blocks (CSBs, TRs, and GA-rich region were identified in the mitochondrial control region in hemipteran insects, without showing a consistent location. The presence and absence of certain specific structural elements in CR sequences show the various structural organizations of that segment among the five monophyletic groups, which indicates the diversification of the control region’s structural organization in Hemiptera. Among the many groups within Hemiptera, eight monophyletic groups and three consistent phylogenetic trees were recovered, using CSBs datasets by maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods, which suggests the possible utility of CR sequences for phylogenetic reconstruction in certain groups of Hemiptera. Statistical analyses showed that TRs may contribute to the length variation, high AT content, and the shift of base skewing of CR sequences toward high AT content in the Hemiptera. Our findings enrich the knowledge of structural organization, phylogenetic utility, and roles of tandem replication of hemipteran CR, and provide a possible framework for mitochondrial control region analyses in hemimetabolous insects.

Scymnus camptodromus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) larval development and predation of hemlock woolly adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Samita Limbu; Melody A. Keena; David Long; Nancy Ostiguy; Kelli. Hoover

2015-01-01

Development time and prey consumption of Scymnus (Neopullus) camptodromus Yu and Liu (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) larvae by instar, strain, and temperature were evaluated. S. camptodromus, a specialist predator of hemlock woolly adelgid Adelges tsugae (Annand) (Hemiptera:...

New species of Braggia (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on buckwheat in western North America

Science.gov (United States)

K. S. Pike; G. Graf; R. G. Foottit; H. E. L. Maw; P. Stary; R. Hammon; D. G. Miller

2009-01-01

Species of Braggia Gillette and Palmer (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Aphidinae: Aphidini) feed on various buckwheat, Eriogonum Michx. (Polygonaceae), species in western North America. Two new species, Braggia columbiana Pike n. sp. from Washington and Oregon and Braggia longicauda Pike n. sp. from Washington, Oregon, and northern California, are proposed. Descriptions,...

Gut content analysis of a phloem-feeding insect, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae) is a key pest of potato (Solanum tuberosum L., Solanales: Solanaceae) and a vector of "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum," the pathogen associated with zebra chip disease. In addition to its presence on cultivated crops, the p...

Distribution and Abundance of Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) Within Hemlock Trees

Science.gov (United States)

S.V. Joseph; J.L. Hanula; S.K. Braman

2011-01-01

We studied the distribution of hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), within hemlock trees for three summer (progrediens) and two winter (sistens) generations in northern Georgia. Eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrie` re, trees were treated with 0, 10, or 25% of 1.5 g of imidacloprid per 2.5 cm of tree diameter at breast height...

Effects of fertilizer and low rates of Imidacloprid on Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae).

Science.gov (United States)

S. V. Joseph; James Hanula; S. K. Braman; F. J. Byrne

2011-01-01

Healthy hemlock trees, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere, and hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), populations should favor retention and population growth of adelgid predators such as Laricobius nigrinus Fender (Coleoptera: Derodontidae) and Sasajiscymnus tsugae (Sasaji&McClure) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Eastern hemlock trees...

Could the bug Triatoma sherlocki be vectoring Chagas disease in small mining communities in Bahia, Brazil?

Science.gov (United States)

Almeida, C E; Folly-Ramos, E; Peterson, A T; Lima-Neiva, V; Gumiel, M; Duarte, R; Lima, M M; Locks, M; Beltrão, M; Costa, J

2009-12-01

Searches for Chagas disease vectors were performed at the type locality from which Triatoma sherlocki Papa et al. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) was described in the municipality of Gentio do Ouro, in the state of Bahia, Brazil, and in a small artisan quarry-mining community approximately 13 km distant in a remote area of the same municipality. The latter site represents a new locality record for this species. Adults, nymphs and exuviae of T. sherlocki were found in 21% of human dwellings, indicating that the species is in the process of domiciliation. Prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in collected bugs was 10.8%. Simple predictive approaches based on environmental similarity were used to identify additional sites likely suitable for this species. The approach successfully predicted an additional five sites for the species in surrounding landscapes. Ecological and entomological indicators were combined to discuss whether this scenario likely represents an isolated case or an emerging public health problem.

Revisional notes on the genus Melucha (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Coreidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Harry Brailovsky

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Melucha grandicula sp. n. and M. perampla sp. n., (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae: Coreinae: Nematopodini are described from Bolivia, Colombia, Paraguay and Peru. Melucha quadrivittis Stål, 1862, stat. restit., is resurrected from synonymy under M. phyllocnemis (Burmeister, 1835. Melucha ruficornis Breddin, 1903, syn. n., is synonymized under M. lineatella (Fabricius, 1803. An identification key for the known species of Melucha Amyot & Serville, 1843 is given. New distributional records for some previously known species are added.

First report and morphological redescription of Teleonemia morio (Stål (Hemiptera, Tingidae in Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae in Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sônia M. F. Broglio

2012-03-01

Full Text Available First report and morphological redescription of Teleonemia morio (Stål (Hemiptera, Tingidae in Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae in Brazil. This is the first report of a severe attack of Teleonemia morio (Stål, 1855 (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Tingidae on Annona squamosa L. (custard apple, causing up to 80% of losses of infested trees. In order to facilitate the identification of this insect pest, the adult female of T. morio is redescribed based on specimens collected in Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas, Brazil.

Triatominae et Cactaceae : un risque pour la transmission de la Trypanosomose américaine dans le péridomicile (nord-est du Brésil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emperaire L.

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Les observations de terrain réalisées dans le nord-est du Brésil ont montré la fréquente association, dans l’espace péridomiciliaire, entre un cactus, le Cereus jamacaru, la présence de nids dans ses branches et celle de Rhodnius neglectus et de Triatoma pseudomaculata, espèces vectrices du parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, agent de la maladie de Chagas. L’analyse des variables architecturales de cette Cactaceae montre que la présence de nids, et donc d’insectes, est inféodée aux pratiques traditionnelles de gestion de ce cactus. Cette étude souligne l’intérêt d’une approche intégrée de l’écologie des Triatominae pour l’identification des variables indicatrices de risque.

Identification of a new species of Aphis (Hemiptera: Aphididae) based on distinct morphology

Science.gov (United States)

Aphis elena Lagos-Kutz and Voegtlin, sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is described from specimens collected in Illinois, USA, on the North American native plant, Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.) T. Dur. & B.D. Jacks. ex B.L. Rob. & Fernald (Family: Lamiaceae). Both apterous and alate viviparae are desc...

Descriptions of two new species of Sphenorhina (Hemiptera, Cercopidae, Tomaspidinae from the Neotropical region

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andressa Paladini

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Description of two new species of Sphenorhina (Hemiptera, Cercopidae, Tomaspidinae from the Neotropical region. Two new species of Sphenorhina Amyot & Serville, S. pseudoboliviana SP. NOV: from Bolivia and S. plata SP. NOV: from Argentina are described and illustrated.

Preparing soft-bodied arthropods for arthropods for microscope examination: Armored Scales (Insects: Hemiptera: Diaspididae)

Science.gov (United States)

Proper identification of armored scales (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) requires preparation of the specimen on a microscope slide. This training video provides visual instruction on how to prepare armored scales specimens on microscope slides for examination and identification. Steps ranging from collect...

Atração e desenvolvimento de Leptoglossus gonagra (Fabr. (Hemiptera: Coreidae em cultivares de abóbora e moranga

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Baldin Edson Luiz Lopes

2002-01-01

Full Text Available As plantas da família Cucurbitaceae são seriamente prejudicadas pelo ataque de insetos, sendo que os danos ocorrem desde a germinação até a colheita e podem ser observados em todas as partes da planta. Dentre os insetos sugadores que atacam a abóbora (Cucurbita moschata e a moranga (C. maxima, as formas jovens e adultas do percevejo Leptoglossus gonagra (Fabr. (Hemiptera: Coreidae merecem destaque por sugarem a seiva das folhas, ramos e frutos novos, nos quais causam necroses, reduzindo a produção. Visando comparar a atratividade de plântulas de cultivares de abóbora e moranga a adultos deste percevejo e os efeitos desses materiais sobre a biologia de ninfas dessa espécie, realizaram-se ensaios sob condições de laboratório. Em teste de atratividade, o cultivar de abóbora BRA015113 destacou-se como o menos atrativo em relação ao cultivar de moranga Exposição, enquanto que o cultivar de abóbora BRA003531 foi o mais atrativo. Todos os cultivares provocaram 100% de mortalidade das ninfas, indicando a presença de componentes antibióticos, adversos ao desenvolvimento de L. gonagra.

Mitochondrial phylogenomics of Hemiptera reveals adaptive innovations driving the diversification of true bugs

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Hu; Leavengood, John M.; Chapman, Eric G.; Burkhardt, Daniel; Song, Fan; Jiang, Pei; Liu, Jinpeng; Cai, Wanzhi

2017-01-01

Hemiptera, the largest non-holometabolous order of insects, represents approximately 7% of metazoan diversity. With extraordinary life histories and highly specialized morphological adaptations, hemipterans have exploited diverse habitats and food sources through approximately 300 Myr of evolution. To elucidate the phylogeny and evolutionary history of Hemiptera, we carried out the most comprehensive mitogenomics analysis on the richest taxon sampling to date covering all the suborders and infraorders, including 34 newly sequenced and 94 published mitogenomes. With optimized branch length and sequence heterogeneity, Bayesian analyses using a site-heterogeneous mixture model resolved the higher-level hemipteran phylogeny as (Sternorrhyncha, (Auchenorrhyncha, (Coleorrhyncha, Heteroptera))). Ancestral character state reconstruction and divergence time estimation suggest that the success of true bugs (Heteroptera) is probably due to angiosperm coevolution, but key adaptive innovations (e.g. prognathous mouthpart, predatory behaviour, and haemelytron) facilitated multiple independent shifts among diverse feeding habits and multiple independent colonizations of aquatic habitats. PMID:28878063

Índice de defecación y éxito reproductivo de Triatoma maculata (Hemiptera:Reduviidaeen condiciones de laboratorio

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

E Aldana

2004-12-01

Full Text Available Se estudió el comportamiento reproductivo y de defecación de Triatoma maculata (Erichson 1848alimentando artificialmente con sangre humana.Los estadios II y III mostraron mayor frecuencia de defecaciones (ID=0.6 n=40,el estadio V no alcanzó la diferenciación sexual, la fertilidad fue 55%(n=865,fecundidad 8 huevos/hembra/semana (n=26,22 días de desarrollo embrionario (n=477,longevidad de hembras 51 días (n=26,el tiempo intermuda aumenta progresivamente desde 35 días en el estadio I hasta 46 días en el estadio IV,el porcentaje de muda varió desde 0%en el estadio V hasta 63%en el estadio III,la mortalidad varió desde 8%en el estadio III hasta 100%en el estadio V (n=40.Los resultados del presente trabajo aportan evidencias que explican la menor capacidad vectorial y la baja densidad de T.maculata en el domicilio humano.Defecation index and reproductive success of Triatoma maculata (Hemiptera: Reduviidae under laboratory conditions.The reproductive and defecating behavior of Triatoma maculata (Erichson 1848was studied on animals from an university culture in Venezuela.This species does not reach the importance of Rhodnius prolixus Stal 1859 as Chagas disease vector in Venezuela.This study addressed the role of defecating frequency,an index of how dangerous the animals are for the human population,and its relationship with why T.maculata is a less important vector than R.prolixus .Human blood was fed to the insects through an artificial feeding device.The 2nd and 3rd instar nymphs defecated more frequently (Id=0.6,n=40,and our Vth instar nymphs did not complete sexual differentiation.Fertility was 55%(n=865and fecundity 8 eggs/female/week (n=26. Egg incubation lasted 22 days (n=477.Female longevity was 51 days (n=26.Intermould time grew progressively from 35 days for 1st to 40 days for 4th instar nymphs (n=40.Mould percentage varied from 0% for Vth to 63%for 3rd instar nymphs.Mortality varied from 8% for 3rd to 100% for Vth instar nymphs

Chromosome homogeneity in populations of Triatoma brasiliensis Neiva 1911 (Hemiptera - Reduviidae - Triatominae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Panzera Francisco

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Triatoma brasiliensis is the most important vector of Chagas disease in the semiarid zone of the Northeast of Brazil. Several authors have reported the occurrence of four chromatic patterns with morphological, ecological, and genetic differences. In order to determine the existence of cytogenetic differentiation between these chromatic forms, we analyzed their karyotypes and the chromosome behavior during the male meiotic process. Triatoma brasiliensis shows distinct and specific chromosome characteristics, which differ from those observed in all other triatomine species. However, no cytogenetic differences were observed between the four chromatic forms of T. brasiliensis. The lack of chromosome differentiation among them could indicate that the populations of this species are in a process of differentiation that does not involve their chromosomal organization.

Ecotopes, Natural Infection and Trophic Resources of Triatoma brasiliensis (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jane Costa

1998-01-01

Full Text Available Triatoma brasiliensis is considered as one of the most important Chagas disease vectors in the northeastern Brazil. This species presents chromatic variations which led to descriptions of subspecies, synonymized by Lent and Wygodzinsky (1979. In order to broaden bionomic knowledge of these distinct colour patterns of T. brasiliensis, captures were performed at different sites, where the chromatic patterns were described: Caicó, Rio Grande do Norte (T. brasiliensis brasiliensis Neiva, 1911, it will be called the "brasiliensis population"; Espinosa, Minas Gerais (T. brasiliensis melanica Neiva & Lent 1941, the "melanica population" and Petrolina, Pernambuco (T. brasiliensis macromelasoma, Galvão 1956, the "macromelasoma population". A fourth chromatic pattern was collected in Juazeiro, Bahia the darker one in overall cuticle coloration, the "Juazeiro population". At the sites of Caicó, Petrolina and Juazeiro, specimens were captured in peridomiciliar ecotopes and in wilderness. In Espinosa the specimens were collected only in wilderness, even though several exhaustive captures have been performed in peridomicile at different sites of this municipality. A total of 298 specimens were captured. The average registered infection rate was 15% for "brasiliensis population" and of 6.6% for "melanica population". Specimens of "macromelasoma" and of "Juazeiro populations" did not present natural infection. Concerning trophic resources, evaluated by the precipitin test, feeding eclecticism for the different colour patterns studied was observed, with dominance of goat blood in household surroundings as well as in wilderness

Diversidad de Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae en Santander, Colombia: implicaciones epidemiológicas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lyda Esteban

2017-01-01

Conclusiones. Los resultados evidenciaron diferencias en la diversidad de las dos regiones, además del potencial de las especies silvestres para ocupar ecótopos artificiales. La intrusión de triatominos y la reciente incriminación de especies silvestres en la transmisión de Trypanosoma cruzi, indican la necesidad de un mayor conocimiento de la ecología de estos vectores para orientar las estrategias de control.

Hemiptera community and species responses to grassland sward islets

OpenAIRE

Helden, Alvin J.; Dittrich, Alex D. K.

2016-01-01

Sward islet is a term that has been used to describe a patch of longer vegetation in a pasture produced by a reduction in cattle grazing around their dung. They are known to affect the abundance and distribution of grassland arthropods. Hemiptera, like other groups, are found in higher densities within islets than the surrounding sward. Does this modify the community composition or is there just a density effect? Evidence from a paired (islets, non-islets) study at an Irish cattle-grazed site...

Morphometrics of the Southern Green Stink Bug [Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)] Stylet Bundle

Science.gov (United States)

The southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a cosmopolitan pest of high-value cash crops, including cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.; Malvales: Malvaceae). The pest can ingest and transmit disease-causing bacterial and fungal pathogens of cotton. We hypothesized t...

Fooling the harlequin bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) using synthetic volatiles to alter host plant choice

Science.gov (United States)

Harlequin bug, Murgantia histrionica (Hahn) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a widespread invasive pest that feeds on a variety of brassicaceous crops and other plants. To understand olfactory cues which mediate host-finding, and possible utility in pest management, we deployed aggregation pheromone (m...

Attraction of stink bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) nymphs to Euschistus aggregation pheromone in the field

Science.gov (United States)

Phytophagous stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) are primary pests in most fruit, vegetable, grain, and row crops worldwide. Pheromones have been identified and synthesized for several species of economically important stink bug pests. When yellow pyramid traps are baited with lures containing thes...

Phylogenetic divergences of the true bugs (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera), with emphasis on the aquatic lineages

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wang, Yan-hui; Cui, Ying; Rédei, Dávid

2016-01-01

Heteroptera are among the most diverse hemimetabolous insects. Seven infraorders have been recognized within this suborder of Hemiptera. Apart from the well-established sister-group relationship between Cimicomorpha and Pentatomomorpha (= Terheteroptera), the two terminal lineages, the relationsh...

Description of a newly discovered Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae Foci in Ibipeba, State of Bahia, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renato Freitas Araújo

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Introduction Chagas disease transmitted by the Triatoma infestans was eradicated from Brazil in 2006. However, reports of triatomine foci threaten the control of Chagas disease. The goal of this study was to determine T. infestans foci in the City of Ibipeba, State of Bahia. Methods Triatominae specimens were collected in Ibipeba and entomologic indicators were calculated using indices of domiciliary infestation, density, and colonization. Results T. infestans foci was discovery in Ibipeba, State of Bahia. Approximately 95% of the specimens were discovered inside dwellings, of which 34% were T. infestans. This species was also discovered forming a colony in tree bark in the peridomicile. Conclusions Triatoma infestans foci in peridomestic ecotopes in Ibipeba, BA, indicate increased the risk of transmission Chagas disease.

Association of Verde plant bug, Creontiades signatus (Hemiptera: Miridae), with cotton boll rot

Science.gov (United States)

Cotton along the Gulf Coast of south Texas has experienced loss from cotton boll rot especially during the last 10 to 15 years, and stink bugs and plant bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae and Miridae) that feed on cotton bolls have been suspected in introducing the disease. A replicated grower field surv...

Stylet bundle morphology and trophically related enzymes of the hemlock woolly adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Kelly L.F. Oten; Allen C. Cohen; Fred P. Hain

2014-01-01

The hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), is a pest of eastern and Carolina hemlocks (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere and Tsuga caroliniana Engelmann, respectively) in the eastern United States and has already caused catastrophic changes to eastern forests. As one of the significant...

Experiências sôbre a transmissão do Trypanosoma cruzi por sanguessugas e de tripanosomas de vertebrados de sangue frio por triatomíneos Experiments of the transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi by leechs and cold blooded vertebrate trypanosomas by triatominae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Samuel B. Pessôa

1969-06-01

Full Text Available Observou-se que o Trypanosoma cruzi não se multiplica na sanguessuga (Haementeria lutzi Pinto; os tripanosomas sugados degeneram após algum tempo; outros permanecem aparentemente normais, porém 48 horas após a ingestão infectante acabam morrendo. Observou-se ainda que os tripanosomas parasitas da rã (T. rotatorium e T. leptodactyli bem como o T. hogei, parasita da serpente Rachidelus brazili, não se multiplicam no intestino dos triatomíneos. O mais resistente (o T. leptodactyli, permanece vivo até 72 horas após a ingestão infectante, porém as outras duas espécies (T. rotatorium e T. hogei não resistem mais de 24 horas após serem sugadas pelos triatomíneos.Trypanosoma cruzi does not reproduce itself in the leech (Haementerm lutzi Pinto; the ingested trypanosomes degenerate after some time; other organisms remain apparently normal, however dying 48 hours after the feeding of the leechs. The parasite trypanosomas of the frog (T. rotatorium and T. leptodactyli as well as those parasiting the ophidian Rachidelus brazili (T. hogei do not multiply in the intestine of the triatominae. The most resistent species (T. leptocbactyli remains alive 72 hours after the feeding of the triatominae; the other two, however, do not survive more than 24 hours.

Relative Abundance of Carsonella ruddii (Gamma Proteobacterium) in Females and Males of Cacopsylla pyricola (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) and Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Cooper, W. Rodney; Garczynski, Stephen F.; Horton, David R.

2015-01-01

Carsonella ruddii (Gamma Proteobacterium) is an obligate bacterial endosymbiont of psyllids that produces essential amino acids that are lacking in the insect’s diet. Accurate estimations of Carsonella populations are important to studies of Carsonella-psyllid interactions and to developing ways to target Carsonella for control of psyllid pests including pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) and potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae). We used two methods, namely fluorescence in situ hybridization and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), to estimate relative abundance of Carsonella in bacteriocytes and whole bodies of psyllids, respectively. Using these two methods, we compared Carsonella populations between female and male insects. Estimations using fluorescence in situ hybridization indicated that Carsonella was more abundant in bacteriocytes of female C. pyricola than in those of males, but Carsonella abundance in bacteriocytes did not differ between sexes of B. cockerelli. Analyses by qPCR using whole-body specimens indicated Carsonella was more abundant in females than in males of both psyllids. Neither fluorescence in situ hybridization nor qPCR indicated that Carsonella populations differed in abundance among adults of different ages (0–3 wk after adult eclosion). Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, Carsonella was observed in ovarioles of newly emerged females and formed an aggregation in the posterior end of mature oocytes. Results of our study indicate that female psyllids harbor greater populations of Carsonella than do males and that sex should be controlled for in studies which require estimations of Carsonella populations. PMID:26056318

Allozyme Variation in Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) from the United States and China

Science.gov (United States)

V. S& #225; nchez; M.A. Keena; M.A. Keena

2009-01-01

The hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), is a major introduced pest of eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere. Hemlock woolly adelgid in the United States is anholocyclic and an obligate parthenogen, because no suitable primary host (on which sexual reproduction occurs in Asia) is...

First record of Acizzia jamatonica (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in North America: friend or foe?

Science.gov (United States)

Michael D. Ulyshen; Douglass Miller

2007-01-01

Acizzia jamatonica (Kuwayama) (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psyllidae) is reported for the first time in North America. Because the species is thought to feed exclusively on Albizia, it may prove to be an effective biocontrol agent against the invasive Albizia julibrissin Durazzini in the southeastern United States. Because A. julibrissin is also an ornamental plant of...

Effects of founder population size on the performance of Orius laevigatus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) colonies

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Castañe, C.; Bueno, V.H.P.; Carvalho, L.M.; Lenteren, van J.C.

2014-01-01

Orius laevigatus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) is a key predator of thrips and is mass reared in large numbers for use in biological control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of founder population size on the biological and behavioral performance of O. laevigatus over time. Laboratory

The genus Alphocoris in the Indomalaya (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Scutelleridae).

Science.gov (United States)

RÉdei, DÁvid; Tsai, Jing-Fu; Jindra, ZdenĚk

2018-02-21

The Indomalayan species of the genus Alphocoris Germar, 1839 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Scutelleridae: Odontotarsinae: Odontotarsini) are revised. Three species, A. caudatus Rédei, Tsai Jindra, sp. nov. (India: Maharashtra), A. naso Rédei Tsai, sp. nov. (India: Goa), and A. asper Rédei, Tsai Jindra, sp. nov. (India: Goa and Maharashtra), are recognized. The type material of A. lixoides Germar, 1839 (type locality: Senegal) is documented; previous records of this species from India and Pakistan are considered as based on misidentifications, the species is restricted to the Afrotropical Region.

Diaspididae (Hemiptera, Coccoidea in sori of two fern species

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo Santos

2015-12-01

Duas Espécies de Cochonilhas (Hemiptera: Diaspididae Associadas com Soros de Samambaias Resumo. A presente comunicação relata a presença de duas espécies de cochonilhas Hemiberlesia palmae (Cockerell e Pinnaspis strachani (Cooley (Coccoidea, Diaspididae, associadas respectivamente com Asplenium serratum L. (Aspleniaceae e Niphidium crassifolium (L. Lellinger (Polypodiaceae. É o primeiro registro de uma samambaia como planta hospedeira de Hemiberlesia palmae.  Nas duas espécies de samambaias, os diaspidídeos encontravam-se concentrados principalmente ao redor dos soros.

Mating disruption of Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) by playback of vibrational signals in vineyard trellis

Science.gov (United States)

BACKGROUND: Glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS), Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), is an important vector of the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of Pierce’s disease of grapevine. Area-wide applications of neonicotinoid insecticides have suppressed GWSS populati...

The cicada genus Karenia Distant, 1888 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae), with description of a new species.

Science.gov (United States)

Pham, Hong-Thai; Constant, Jerome

2014-08-19

The cicadas of the genus Karenia are reviewed, and Karenia tibetensis sp.nov. (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) is described from Tibet, China. Pictures of the male adult and illustrations of the male genitalia are provided. A key to the species of Karenia is presented and the distribution of the Karenia species is discussed.

Field evaluation of potential pheromone lures for Lygus lineolaris (Hemiptera: Miridae) in the Mid-South

Science.gov (United States)

Plant bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) are phytophagous pests of cultivated plants around the world. In the mid-South region of the United States, Lygus lineolaris is a primary pest of cotton, and causes economic damage. Previously published research about the volatiles produced by members of the genus Lyg...

Two pests overlap: Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) use of fruit exposed to Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), and brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) are global economic pests. Both pests may co-occur on small fruits, and we investigated whether fruit recently exposed to H. halys woul...

Molecular and morphological identification of the mealybug pest species, Phenacoccus solani Ferris (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), in Egypt

Science.gov (United States)

During the summer and autumn of 2016, heavy infestations of the mealybug, Phenacoccus solani Ferris (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), were observed on pumpkins, Cucurbita spp. (Cucurbitaceae). This was the first record of the species in Egypt. Several populations have been collected in various pumpkin fr...

Effects of atmospheric pressure trends on calling, mate-seeking, and phototaxis of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Insects and other animals sometimes modify behavior in response to changes in atmospheric pressure, an environmental cue that can provide warning of potentially injurious windy and rainy weather. To determine if Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) calling, mate-seeking, and phototaxis behaviors w...

Two new planthopper species (Hemiptera, Fulgoroidea, Caliscelidae) collected in pitfall traps in Zambia.

Science.gov (United States)

Chmurova, Lucia; Webb, Michael D

2016-08-22

Two new species of planthoppers in the family Caliscelidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) are described from Zambia, i.e., Afronaso spinosa sp. n. and Calampocus zambiaensis sp. n. All specimens are flightless males and nearly all were collected from baited pitfall traps (except for one specimen collected from a yellow pan trap), suggesting that they live near to or on the ground.

Complete DNA sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the treehopper Leptobelus gazella (Membracoidea: Hemiptera).

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Xing; Liang, Ai-Ping

2016-09-01

The first complete DNA sequence of the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Leptobelus gazelle (Membracoidea: Hemiptera) is determined in this study. The circular molecule is 16,007 bp in its full length, which encodes a set of 37 genes, including 13 proteins, 2 ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs, and contains an A + T-rich region (CR). The gene numbers, content, and organization of L. gazelle are similar to other typical metazoan mitogenomes. Twelve of the 13 PCGs are initiated with ATR methionine or ATT isoleucine codons, except the atp8 gene that uses the ATC isoleucine as start signal. Ten of the 13 PCGs have complete termination codons, either TAA (nine genes) or TAG (cytb). The remaining 3 PCGs (cox1, cox2 and nad5) have incomplete termination codons T (AA). All of the 22 tRNAs can be folded in the form of a typical clover-leaf structure. The complete mitogenome sequence data of L. gazelle is useful for the phylogenetic and biogeographic studies of the Membracoidea and Hemiptera.

Time course study of feeding damage to pin head cotton squares by Lygus hesperus (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Science.gov (United States)

Lygus hesperus (Hemiptera: Miridae) is an economically important pest affecting cotton crops in California. Lygus feeding causes abscission of cotton squares, with damage severity dependent on size of the square and life stage of the insect. Fifth instar nymphs are the most damaging stage; however, ...

Biology of Leptoypha hospita (Hemiptera: Tingidae), a Potential Biological Control Agent of Chinese Privet

Science.gov (United States)

Yanzhuo Zhang; James L. Hanula; Scott Horn; Kristine Braman; Jianghua Sun

2011-01-01

The biology of Leptoypha hospita Drake et Poor (Hemiptera: Tingidae), a potential biological control agent from China for Chinese privet, Ligustrum sinense Lour., was studied in quarantine in the United States. Both nymphs and adults feed on Chinese privet mesophyll cells that lead to a bleached appearance of leaves and dieback of branch tips. L. hospita has five...

Contributions to the knowledge of Banasa Stål (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Pentatomidae: Banasa chaca Thomas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Thereza de Almeida Garbelotto

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Contributions to the knowledge of Banasa Stål (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Pentatomidae: Banasa chaca Thomas. The male of Banasa chaca Thomas is described with emphasis on external and internal genitalia and the female internal genitalia is described. Banasa chaca is newly recorded from Buenos Aires Province (Argentina.

A NEW SPECIES OF BEAMERANA YOUNG, 1952 (HEMIPTERA: CICADELLIDAE: TYPHLOCYBINAE FROM SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luci Boa Nova Coelho

2014-05-01

Full Text Available A new species of the Neotropical leafhopper genus Beamerana Young, 1952 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae is described and illustrated based on the specimens from Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. Beamerana boomerang sp. nov. differs from its congeners by the fore wing venation and the male genitalia. A key to the species of Beamerana is provided. The genus is recorded for Brazil for the first time.

Primeiro registro de ocorrência do parasitóide Brasema sp. (hymenoptera: eupelmidae em ovos de Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas, 1852 (hemiptera: coreidae no Brasil First record of occurrence of the parasitoid Brasema sp. (hymenoptera: eupelmidae in eggs of Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas, 1852 (hemiptera: coreidae in Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Henrique Marchiori

2002-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho registra a primeira ocorrência do parasitóide Brasema sp. (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae parasitando ovos de Leptoglossus zonatus (Hemiptera: Coreidae em cultivar de milho em Itumbiara, GO. A porcentagem de parasitismo foi de 4,8%. Brasema sp. constitue-se em ectoparasitóide de larvas de coleópteros e de outros hospedeiros no interior de tecidos de plantas.This work reports, for the first time, of parasitoid Brasema sp. (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae parasitizinf eggs of Leptoglossus zonatus (Hemiptera: Coreidae in maize cultivate in Itumbiara, GO, Brazil. The percentage of parasitizing was 4,8%. Brasema sp. constitutes ectoparasitoid of beetle larvae and other hosts concealed in plant tissue.

First record in Argentina of Drepanosiphum oregonense Granovsky (Hemiptera: Aphididae) found on maples (Sapindaceae)

OpenAIRE

Ortego, Jaime; Olave, Anabel; Mier Durante, Milagros Pilar

2014-01-01

Se informa del hallazgo del áfido Drepanosiphum oregonense Granovsky (Hemiptera: Aphididae) sobre árboles de Acer pseudoplatanus y A. campestre (Sapindaceae) en Argentina lo que constituye el primer registro de la especie y del género Drepanosiphum Koch en Argentina y el segundo en Sudamérica. The finding in Argentina of the aphid Drepanosiphum oregonense on "maple tree" Acer pseudoplatanus ...

Occurrence of lace bug Vatiga illudens and Vatiga manihotae (Hemiptera: Tingidae in Mato Grosso do Sul, midwestern Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patrícia P. Bellon

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Nymphs and adults of the lace bug (Hemiptera: Tingidae have been found in cassava crops (Manihot esculenta in Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. The insects were collected in the field and taken to the laboratory where they were identified based on some morphological traits of the species Vatiga manihotae (Drake and V. illudens (Drake, which are first reported in the aforementioned state.Ninfas e adultos do percevejo-de-renda (Hemiptera: Tingidae foram encontrados em lavouras de mandioca (Manihot esculenta no Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Os insetos foram coletados em campo e levados ao laboratório, onde foram identificados com base em algumas características morfológicas nas espécies Vatiga manihotae (Drake e V. illudens (Drake, os quais são registrados pela primeira vez no Estado mencionado.

Predation of Apiomerus pilipes (Fabricius (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Harpactorinae, Apiomerini over Meliponinae bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, in the State of Amazonas, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexandre Coletto da Silva

2004-12-01

Full Text Available The present work shows the occurrence of an intense predatory activity on adults working Meliponinae bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae, by Apiomerus pilipes (Fabricius, 1787 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Harpactorinae, Apiomerini at a meliponary in the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA, Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil.O presente trabalho registra a ocorrência de intensa atividade predatória de Apiomerus pilipes (Fabricius, 1787 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Harpactorini, Apiomerini sobre operárias adultas de meliponíneos (Hymenoptera, Apidae, no meliponário experimental do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA, Manaus, Estado do Amazonas, Brasil. O meliponário se encontra num fragmento de vegetação secundária no próprio INPA.

Evaluation of hemlock (Tsuga) species and hybrids for resistance to Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) using artificial infestation

Science.gov (United States)

Michael E. Montgomery; S.E. Bentz; Richard T. Olsen

2009-01-01

Hemlock (Tsuga) species and hybrids were evaluated for resistance to the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae). The adelgid was accidentally introduced from Asia to the eastern United States, where it is causing widespread mortality of the native hemlocks, Tsuga canadensis (L.)...

Pheromone of the banana-spotting bug, amblypelta lutescens lutescens Distant (Hemiptera: Coreidae): identification, synthesis and field bioassay

Science.gov (United States)

The banana spotting bug Amblypelta lutescens lutescens Distant (Hemiptera: Coreidae) is one of the principal pests of tree fruits and nuts across northern and eastern Australia. Apart from damage assessments in orchards, there are currently no other methods for monitoring bug activity to aid manage...

Potential transmission of Pantoea spp. and Serratia marcescens (Enterobacteriales: Enterobacteriaceae) to plants by Lygus hesperus (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Science.gov (United States)

Lygus hesperus Knight (Hemiptera: Miridae) is a key agricultural pest in the western United States. In a recent study, proteins from Pantoea ananatis and Serratia marcescens (Enterobacteriales: Enterobacteriaceae) were identified in diet that was stylet-probed and fed upon by L. hesperus adults. P...

First record of Sesbania punicea (Fabales: Fabaceae) as a host plant for Chinavia hilaris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

Science.gov (United States)

The green stink bug, Chinavia hilaris (Say) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is an economic pest of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. Numerous known non-crop hosts of C. hilaris that exist in field edges bordering cotton are sources of this stink bug in this crop. Sesbania punicea plants in a field border su...

Populations of predators and parasitoids of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) after the application of eight biorational insecticides in vegetable crops.

Science.gov (United States)

Simmons, Alvin M; Shaaban, Abd-Rabou

2011-08-01

The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is an important pest of vegetables and many other crops worldwide. Eight biorational insecticides (based on oil, plant derivatives, insect growth regulator and fungus) were evaluated in the field for their influence on populations of six natural enemies of B. tabaci. Natural populations of two predators [Chrysoperla carnea Stephen (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Orius spp. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)] and two genera of parasitoids [Encarsia spp. and Eretmocerus spp. (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)] were evaluated in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). Also, augmented field populations of three predators [C. carnea, Coccinella undecimpunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Macrolophus caliginosus (Wagner) (Hemiptera: Miridae)] were evaluated in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and squash (Cucurbita pepo L.). Regardless of natural enemy or crop, jojoba oil, Biovar and Neemix had the least effect on abundance of the natural enemies in comparison with the other insecticides during a 14 day evaluation period. Conversely, Admiral, KZ oil, Mesrona oil, Mesrona oil + sulfur and natural oil had a high detrimental effect on abundance of the natural enemies. These results demonstrate the differential effects of biorational insecticides for whitefly control on predators and parasitoids in the field. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Published 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Significados del trabajo desde la profesión docente

OpenAIRE

Zapata Calderón, Gustavo Adolfo; Marín López, Alexander

2013-01-01

Tesis (Maestría en Gerencia del Talento Humano). Universidad de Manizales. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, 2013 El objetivo principal de esta investigación es describir y comprender la relación de sentidos y categorías que subyacen desde las nuevas condiciones de trabajo y que permiten significar el trabajo como profesión docente. El diseño de la investigación está fundamentado desde el estudio de caso en el cual se demarca un enfoque mixto de investigación, desde lo cualitativo s...

Comparison of fecundity and survival of hemlock woolly adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) in northern and southern populations

Science.gov (United States)

Artemis Roehrig; Joseph. Elkinton

2011-01-01

The hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), is an introduced species first reported in the eastern United States in 1951. The infestation has since spread in all directions from its initial sighting in Virginia, to its current range from northern Georgia, to southern Maine, and westward into Tennessee, causing...

Mitigating trans-boundary movement of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on Mentha sp. by pre-shipping treaments of biopesticides

Science.gov (United States)

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a major pest of several important crops including vegetables, cereals, fruits, and ornamentals grown worldwide. One important mode of its dispersal is through the trans-boundary movement of infested plant materials. In order to prevent the sprea...

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND TOXICITY OF CITRUS ESSENTIAL OILS ON Dysmicoccus brevipes (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE)

OpenAIRE

MARTINS, GISELE DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA; ZAGO, HUGO BOLSONI; COSTA, ADILSON VIDAL; ARAUJO JUNIOR, LUIS MOREIRA DE; CARVALHO, JOSÉ ROMÁRIO DE

2017-01-01

ABSTRACT The insect Dysmicoccus brevipes (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) has been reported as an important pest for several crops, especially coffee. The citrus essential oils can be obtained as by-products of the citrus-processing industry and have been tested as an alternative to control different insect groups. Therefore, the objective of this work was to determine the chemical composition and evaluate the toxicity of commercial sweet orange (Citrus sinensis), bitter orange (Citrus aurantium) ...

Estudo anatômico e morfométrico dos folículos testiculares de algumas espécies de Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae Anatomic and morphometric studies of testicular follicles of some species of Triatominae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Teresa Cristina M. Gonçalves

1987-12-01

Full Text Available Os folículos testiculares nas ordens dos insetos, vêm demonstrando papel relevante sob o ponto de vista da Sistemática e Filogenia. Nos triatomíneos, os folículos testiculares são em número de sete, sendo que o comprimento e a espesura variam consideravelmente entre os gêneros, e pouco entre as espécies. Verificou-se que em Rhodnius spp existem dois folículos longos e grossos e cinco curtos e fuinnos; em Triatoma spp existem dois longos e finos, dois médios e grossos e três curtos e finos; e em Panstrongylus spp existem sete aproximadamente iguais. Através das medições do comprimento dessas estruturas, evidenciou-se que os valores das médias e desvios padrão das médias, foram muito próximos entre as espécies do mesmo gênero, tornando-se inviável estabelecer limites que pudessem caracterizá-las. Em busca de resultados mais precisos, fizeram-se comparações interespecíficas através da análise de variância: entre as diferentes espécies do mesmo gênro (comparação simultânea; entre cada duas espécies do mesmo gênro (comparação aos pares; e entre espécies iguais de procedência diferentes. Os resultados obtidos não demostraram possibilidades de utilização na Sistemática, contudo foram promissores no que concerne à Filogenia, desde que seja observado um número maior de espécies.The testicular follicle in the varous insect orders, has given evidence of relevance from the point of view of Systematics ans Phylogeny. In the triatomines, the testicular follicles are in number of seven, their lenght and thickness ranging considerabley between the genera and with less variation between the species. It was observed that in Rhodnius spp there exist two long and thick follicles and five short and thin; in Triatoma spp there extist two long and thick, two medium and thick and three short and thin; and in Panstrongylus spp seven, almost identical. Through the measurements of length of these structures, it was observed

Description of a new coccid (Hemiptera, Coccidae on avocado (Persea americana Mill. from Colombia, South America

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Takumasa Kondo

2010-04-01

Full Text Available A new soft scale insect, Bombacoccus aguacatae Kondo, gen. n. and sp. n. (Hemiptera: Coccidae collected on the branches and twigs of avocado, Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae in Colombia, is described and illustrated based on the adult female. An updated taxonomic key to closely related genera of the Toumeyella-group is provided.

Asociaciones áfido-parasitoide (Hemiptera: Aphididae; Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae en cultivos hortícolas orgánicos en Los Cardales, Buenos Aires, Argentina Aphid-parasitoid associations (Hemiptera: Aphididae; Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae on organic vegetable crops in Los Cardales, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrea V. Andorno

2007-07-01

Full Text Available Diez especies de áfidos (Hemiptera: Aphididae se hallaron parasitados por siete especies de parasitoides (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae en cultivos hortícolas orgánicos. Myzus persicae (Sulzer fue el áfido más frecuentemente encontrado sobre una amplia variedad de cultivos, y con mayor diversidad de parasitoides asociados. Aphidius colemani Viereck fue el afidiino más usual, que ataca varias especies de áfidos. Ocho asociaciones tritróficas, involucrando Aphidius matricariae Haliday, han sido registradas por primera vez para la Argentina.Ten aphid species (Hemiptera: Aphididae were found parasitized by seven aphid parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae on organic vegetable crops. Myzus persicae (Sulzer was the most frequent aphid found on a wide variety of crops, with the largest parasitoid diversity associated. Aphidius colemani Viereck was the most frequent aphidiine attacking several species of aphids. Eight tritrophic associations involving Aphidius matricariae Haliday are reported for the first time for Argentina.

Influence of trap color on collection of the recently introduced Bean Plataspid, Megacopta cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Scott Horn; James Hanula

2011-01-01

Large numbers of the exotic bean plataspid, Megacopta cribraria (F.) (Hemiptera: Plataspidae). were first collected from several northeast Georgia counties beginning in October 2009 (Suiter and Ames 2009, Statewide Pest Alert). How this insect arrived in the United States and where it came from is still not known. The native range of M. cribraria is reported to be...

Spotted alfalfa aphid, Therioaphis trifolii (Monell) (Hemiptera: Aphididae): Pest on alfalfa in Serbia

OpenAIRE

Jovičić, Ivana; Radonjić, Anđa; Petrović-Obradović, Olivera

2017-01-01

Spotted alfalfa aphid Therioaphis trifolii (Monell) (Hemiptera, Aphididae) is one of the most important alfalfa pest on the world. Also, it is the most abundant alfalfa aphid in Serbia. This aphid cause damage to alfalfa directly by feeding and indirectly by vectoring plant-pathogenic viruses. Some notes of morphology, host plants, damage, biology, vector role and distribution of spotted alfalfa aphid are given. Abundance of this aphid on alfalfa, influence of climates changes on its abundanc...

Pengaruh Jenis Mangsa dan Suhu pada Perkembangan Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae dan Peranannya dalam Pengendalian Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tris Haris Ramadhan

2008-07-01

Full Text Available Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae is the vector of citrus greening (Huanglongbing bacterium and the most serious impediment to citrus culture. Classical biological control of this psyllid vector should contribute to suppress their population. This research was conducted to determine the performance of Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae when they were fed with D. citri. The larval performance index of M. sexmaculatus on D. citri compared with Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae diet was 1.3.M. sexmaculatus fed with D. citri had lower fitness than those fed with A. craccivora as shown by longer larval stadium, lower adult dry weight, less number of egg produced and lower percentage of egg hatched. M. sexmaculatus grew best at the temperature of 27oC. Employing the exclusion procedure under field condition,M. sexmaculatus could reduce the population of D. citri up to 90%. These findings showed that theM. sexmaculatus could be a potential predator in reducing D. citri, particularly when the more preferred prey A. craccivora was not present.   Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae merupakan kelompok Psyllid yang menularkan penyebab penyakit Huanglongbing yang sangat berbahaya pada tanaman jeruk. Pengendalian hayati klasik telah banyak memberikan kontribusi dalam pengendalian di lapangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat penampilan Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae dengan pakan D. citri. Indeks penampilan larva M. sexmaculatus dengan pakan D. citri dibandingkan dengan Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae adalah 1,3. M. sexmaculatus yang diberi pakan D. citri menunjukkan penurunan kebugaran dibandingkan jika diberi pakan A. craccivora seperti yang ditunjukkan dengan stadium larva lebih lama, penurunan berat kering serangga dewasa, telur yang dihasilkan lebih sedikit, dan penurunan jumlah telur yang menetas. Menggunakan metode eksklusi pada kondisi

Host range of the exotic brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), implications for future distribution

Science.gov (United States)

Gary Bernon; Karen M. Bernhard; Anne L. Nielsen; James F. Stimmel; E. Richard Hoebeke; Maureen E. Carter

2007-01-01

Halyomorpha halys, (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a pest in eastern Asia on soybeans and woody plants, including broadleaved trees and fruit trees. A population was discovered in Allentown, PA in 2001. H. halys is also a nuisance pest as it overwinters in homes and other buildings. Based on earlier reports to the Lehigh County...

Population Dynamics of Empoasca fabae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Central Iowa Alfalfa Fields

Science.gov (United States)

Weiser Erlandson, L. A.; Obrycki, J. J.

2015-01-01

Adults and nymphs of Empoasca fabae Harris (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and adults of predatory species in the families Coccinellidae, Anthocoridae, Nabidae, Chrysopidae, and Hemerobiidae were sampled in Iowa alfalfa fields from June to September in 1999 and 2000. The relationship between each predatory taxa and E. fabae was examined using regression analysis. In 2000, all predators were found to be positively correlated with the presence of E. fabae during all periods sampled and most likely contributed to mortality. Orius insidiosus (Say) (Hemiptera: Anthoridae) was the most numerous insect predatory species; population numbers ranged from 0 to 1 and 0.1 to 3.7 adults per 0.25 m2 in 1999 and 2000, respectively. Partial life tables were constructed for E. fabae nymphs for two alfalfa-growing periods. Nymphs were grouped into three age intervals: first and second, third and fourth, and fifth instars. For the first alfalfa growing period examined, E. fabae nymphal mortality was 70% in 1999 and 49% in 2000. During the last growing period of each season (August–September), total nymphal mortality was relatively low (<25%). Adult E. fabae density ranged from 5.4 to 25.6 and 1.4–9.2 per 0.25 m2 in 1999 and 2000, respectively. E. fabae population peaks were similar for each age interval in all growing periods. This study provides further information on the population dynamics of E. fabae and its relationship with select predatory species in Iowa alfalfa fields. PMID:26320260

Prey suitability and phenology of Leucopis spp. (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae) associated with hemlock woolly adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) in the Pacific Northwest

Science.gov (United States)

Sarah M. Grubin; Darrell W. Ross; Kimberly F. Wallin

2011-01-01

Leucopis spp. (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae) from the Pacific Northwest previously were identified as potential biological control agents for the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), in the eastern United States. We collected Leucopis spp. larvae from A. tsugae...

Monitoring of brown stink bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) population dynamics in corn to predict its abundance using weather data

Science.gov (United States)

The brown stink bug (BSB), Euschistus servus (Say) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a serious economic pest of corn production in the Southeastern U. S. The BSB population dynamics was monitored for 17 wks from tasseling to pre-harvest of corn plants (i.e., late May to mid-September) using pheromone ...

Identification of a sex pheromone of the chrysanthemum lace bug Corythucha marmorata (Hemiptera: Tingidae)

OpenAIRE

Watanabe, Kisaki; Shimizu, Nobuhiro

2017-01-01

Although the nymphs of Corythucha marmorata form clusters on the undersides of host plant leaves, as frequently observed for Hemiptera, the adults are scattered in the vicinity of the nymph population. By investigating the biological activities of volatile secretions from the adult, we found that the secretions activated male mounting behaviour. A chemical analysis revealed that borneol was a common component of the secretions from both sexes. The absolute configuration of the natural product...

Biological parameters and thermal requirements of the parasitoid Praon volucre (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) as host

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Conti, De B.F.; Bueno, V.H.P.; Sampaio, M.V.; Lenteren, van J.C.

2011-01-01

The effect of temperature on the biology of Praon volucre (Haliday, 1833) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas, 1878) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) hosts was studied and the thermal requirements of the parasitoid were determined. Experiments were carried out at 16, 19, 22, 25, and 28

Brochosome influence on parasitisation efficiency of Homalodisca coagulata (Say) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) egg masses by Gonatocerus ashmeadi Girault (Hymenoptera : Mymaridae)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Velema, H.P.; Hemerik, L.; Hoddle, M.S.; Luck, R.F.

2005-01-01

1. Many cicadellid females in the tribe Proconiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) cover their egg masses with specialised, usually rod-shaped, brochosomes as the eggs are being laid. The brochosomes are produced in Golgi complexes in the Malpighian tubules of Cicadellidae. In contrast to the gravid

Occurrence of the Tamarix Leafhopper, Opsius stactogalus Fieber (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), in Argentina.

Science.gov (United States)

Virla, Eduardo G; Logarzo, Guillermo A; Paradell, Susana L

2010-01-01

The paleartic tamarix leafhopper, Opsius stactogalus Fieber (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), can reduce the growth of tamarisk due to the aggregate feeding imposed by their populations. The species was mentioned for Argentina in Metcalf's catalogue (1967) without locality or region reference, and the contributions on Cicadellidae published by many authors after Metcalf omitted this distributional data. Populations of O. stactogalus on Tamarix sp. were found in 12 sites between 28 degrees 48' to 39 degrees 17' S and 64 degrees 06' to 70 degrees 04' W, located in both the Neotropical and Andean biogeographic regions.

A review of Chinese tribe Achilini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Achilidae), with descriptions of Paracatonidia webbeda gen. & sp. nov.

Science.gov (United States)

Long, Jian-Kun; Yang, Lin; Chen, Xiang-Sheng

2015-12-02

Planthoppers of the tribe Achilini (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Achilidae) from China, are reviewed. A key to the three genera of Chinese Achilini is given. A new genus and species of the tribe from southwestern China: Paracatonidia webbeda gen. & sp. nov., is described. A new genus and species record for China, Cixidia kasparyani Anufriev, is also given.

Complex of primary and secondary parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae and Signiphoridae) of Hypogeoccoccus spp. mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in the New World

Science.gov (United States)

Parasitoids, both primary and secondary (hyperparasitoids), of Hypogeococcus spp. mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are reviewed to report results of the surveys in the New World conducted during 2009–2017 for perspective natural enemies of the Harrisia cactus mealybug, Hypogeococcus sp., which ...

Population fluctuation of Empoasca sp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae in a physic nut crop in Mato Grosso do Sul

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Denisar Paggioli de Carvalho

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L. is an oilseed, semi-evergreen shrub or small tree of the Euphorbiaceae family, whose seeds contain oil that can be processed into a high quality biofuel. However, there have been reports of arthropods feeding from its leaves, including the green leafhopper Empoasca sp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae. The large numbers of this insect, observed in certain periods of the year in many regions of Brazil, are causing damage to the oilseed crops. This study aims at evaluating the fluctuation in green leafhopper population in a physic nut crop in Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, to assess possible correlations with rainfall, maximum, average and minimum temperatures. This evaluation was conducted between March 2011 and July 2012. The largest Empoasca sp. populations were recorded in May and June, 2011, and between February and May, 2012. No significant correlation was observed between the weather parameters analyzed and the fluctuation in the Hemiptera population, but there was a trend toward higher population density during the warmer and rainier months.

Embryology of Triatoma infestans (KLUG, (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, a Chagas' disease vector Embriología del Triatoma infestans, vector de la enfermedad de Chagas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Laura E. Fichera

1992-06-01

Full Text Available This study reports the embryogenesis of T. infestans (Hemiptera, Reduviidae. Morphological parameters of growth sequences from oviposition until hatching (12-14 d 28ºC were established. Five periods, as percent of time of development (TD, were characterized from oviposition until hatching. The most important morphological features were: 1 formation of blastoderm within 7% of TD; 2 germ band and gastrulation within 30% of TD; 3 nerve cord, limb budding, thoracic and abdominal segmentation and formation of body cavity within 50% of TD; 4 nervous system and blastokinesis end, and development of embryonic cuticle within 65% of TD; 5 differentiation of the mouth parts, fat body, and Malphigian tubules during final stage and completion of embryo at day 12 to day 14 around hatching. These signals were chosen as appropriate morphological parameters which should enable the evaluation of embryologic modifications due to the action/s of different insecticidesEn este estudio se caracterizó el desarrollo embrionario del T. infestans (Hemiptera Reduviidae. Se establecieron parámetros morfológicos secuenciales de crecimiento desde la oviposición hasta la eclosión, (12-14 d 28ºC. Cinco períodos de crecimiento fueron determinados y expresados como fracciones porcentuales del tiempo total del desarrollo (TD hasta la eclosión. Los eventos morfológicos mas importantes fueron: 1 La formación del blastodermo hasta el 7% del TD; 2 La aparición de la banda germinativa y su gastrulación transcurridos un 30% del TD; 3 El comienzo de la formación del cordón nervioso, de las extremidades, la segmentación torácica y abdominal y la formación del mixocele cuando la embriogénesis alcanzó el 50% del TD; 4 La terminación de la blastoquinesis, el desarrollo completo del sistema nervioso y la aparición de la cutícula embrionaria hasta el 65% del TD; 5 En la etapa final de la embriogenesis se observó la diferenciación del aparato mandibular, el cuerpo graso

Resistance to starvation of Rhodnius neivai Lent, 1953 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae under experimental conditions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel R Cabello

2001-05-01

Full Text Available The period of resistance to starvation and the loss of weight until death of Rhodnius neivai in all stages of development were studied. Work was based on experiments conducted under controlled laboratory conditions. One hundred specimens of each nymphal instar were observed: 50 were fed on chicken and 50 on rabbit. Adult females and males were kept together and fed on each host. All bugs were weighed weekly until death. Laid eggs were collected weekly and observed during five weeks to obtain hatchability. Resistance to starvation was similar with both hosts and increased with the evolutionary stage, excepting the 5th nymphal instar and adults. With both hosts, loss of weight was abrupt in the first week and steady in the following weeks. In adults, on the first weeks after eating, there was little or no mortality, after which mortality increased rapidly with the starving time. Reproductive output was higher in the bugs fed on rabbit. R. neivai is among the least resistant triatomine species.

Triatoma sordida Stål 1859 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae: Triatominae in palms of northeastern Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bar María Esther

2001-01-01

Full Text Available Several palms species provide an important habitat for triatomines and associate vertebrates in tropical America. The objective of this work is to identify the triatomine species living in the palms of rural areas in the Province of Corrientes, and to estimate the potential epidemiological risk they represent for the residents of nearby houses. The survey was carried out in a palm community in Colonia Laurel, Department San Roque, Province of Corrientes, Argentina. Samplings were performed in October, November and December 1998; January, February and March 1999; May and June 1999. Thirty palms: 27 (90% Butia yatay (Mart. Becc. and 3 Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq. Lodd ex Mart. were dissected. Triatoma sordida Stål 1859 was found in 96.2% of B. yatay and in all the A. aculeata palms. A total of 272 live T. sordida was collected; 36 of them (13.2% were found in bird nests in the frond and the remainder in other locations of the tree. The mean number of triatomines per palm was 9.6 (range 1-60, mode 2. T. sordida was collected during all the sampling months and all stages were present at all seasons. The highest population density was reached in spring and the lowest in autumn. Trypanosoma cruzi was detected in 38.5% in feces of 174 examined insects and identified as such, both by microscopical examination and PCR. This is the first finding of T. sordida populations in B. yatay, an endemic palm of South America distributed in southern Brazil, Uruguay and northeastern Argentina. The high infection prevalence found in this work suggests that T. sordida plays an essential role in the maintenance of the wild T. cruzi transmission cycle in northeastern Argentina.

Sexual distinction between 5th instar nymphs of six species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

João Aristeu da Rosa

1992-06-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to present the analysis of sexual morphological differences observed in 5th instar nymphs of the following species: Panstrongylus megistus; Rhodnius neglectus; Triatoma brasiliensis; T. infestans; T. matogrosensis and T. tibiamaculata. Male and female nymphs were examined and photographed with a Scanning Electron Microscope. The 9th segment dimensions of dorsal and ventral faces were determined through a Profile Projector. Results and statistical analysis showed significant differences: the 9th sternite is significantly broader in male than female nymphs, while in five species; tergites in female nymphs are broad and in male are narrow.

Description of Rhodnius marabaensis sp. n. (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) from Pará State, Brazil

Science.gov (United States)

Souza, Eder dos Santos; Von Atzingen, Noé Carlos Barbosa; Furtado, Maria Betânia; de Oliveira, Jader; Nascimento, Juliana Damieli; Vendrami, Daniel Pagotto; Gardim, Sueli; da Rosa, João Aristeu

2016-01-01

Abstract Rhodnius marabaensis sp. n. was collected on 12 May 2014 in the Murumurú Environmental Reserve in the city of Marabá, Pará State, Brazil. This study was based on previous consultation of morphological descriptions of 19 Rhodnius species and compared to the identification key for the genus Rhodnius. The examination included specimens from 18 Rhodnius species held in the Brazilian National and International Triatomine Taxonomy Reference Laboratory in the Oswaldo Cruz Institute in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The morphological characteristics of the head, thorax, abdomen, genitalia, and eggs have been determined. Rhodnius prolixus and Rhodnius robustus were examined in more detail because the BLAST analysis of a cyt-b sequence shows they are closely related to the new species, which also occurs in the northern region of Brazil. The most notable morphological features that distinguish Rhodnius marabaensis sp. n. are the keel-shaped apex of the head, the length of the second segment of the antennae, the shapes of the prosternum, mesosternum and metasternum, the set of spots on the abdomen, the male genitalia, the posterior and ventral surfaces of the external female genitalia, and the morphological characteristics of the eggs. Rhodnius jacundaensis Serra, Serra & Von Atzingen (1980) nomen nudum specimens deposited at the Maraba Cultural Center Foundation - MCCF were examined and considered as a synonym of Rhodnius marabaensis sp. n. PMID:27833419

Effects of fertilization of four hemlock species on Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) growth and feeding preference of predators.

Science.gov (United States)

S.V. Joseph; James Hanula

2011-01-01

Understanding how fertilization affects host resistance to hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera:Adelgidae), is important because fertilizers are often used to grow resistant selections to a suitable size for testing. We evaluated four hemlock species (Tsuga) under three different fertilizer regimes to assess whether fertility affected resistance to...

A new species of Tamarixia Mercet (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae, parasitoid of Trioza aguacate Hollis & Martin (Hemiptera, Triozidae in Mexico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zoya Yefremova

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Tamarixia aguacatensis Yefremova, sp. n. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae is described from Mexico as a parasitoid of the avocado psyllid, Trioza aguacate Hollis & Martin (Hemiptera: Triozidae. Trioza aguacate is a serious pest of avocado, Persea americana Miller. A key to the species of Tamarixia Mercet in Mexico is given.

Limited predation potential by adult and larval lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Nezara viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) eggs and nymphs

Science.gov (United States)

The Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) co-occur in many habitats with many arthropods that are of suitable size as prey. The Pentatomidae (Hemiptera) are one such group of insects with eggs and early instars that could be susceptible to predation by Coccinellidae. The objective of this laboratory study wa...

Rapid Communication. Tamarixia monesus (Walker (Hym.: Eulophidae parasitoid of Bactericera tremblayi (Wagner, 1961 (Hemiptera: Triozidae in Iran

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lotfalizadeh Hossein

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Bactericera tremblayi (Wagner, 1961 (Hemiptera: Triozidae is reported on Brassica oleracea var. capitata (Brassicaceae in northwestern Iran. Tamarixia monesus (Walker (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae was reared for the first time on B. tremblayi, and compared with Tamarixia tremblayi, another parasitoid of B. tremblayi. This is a new record of T. monesus from the Middle East.

An unusual new species of Hallodapomimus Herczek, 2000 from the Eocene Baltic amber (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Miridae, Phylinae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aleksander Herczek

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Hallodapomimus antennatus sp. n. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera, Miridae, Phylinae, Hallodapini is described from a macropterous female found in Eocene Baltic amber. The new species can be recognized readily from the other species of the genus, mainly due to its unusual second antennal segment. A key for the identification of all known fossil Hallodapini is presented.

Portanus Ball: descrição de uma espécie nova (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Xestocephalinae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adenomar Neves de Carvalho

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Portanus dubius sp. nov. é descrita e ilustrada a partir de espécimens que foram coletados com armadilha Malaise durante um levantamento entomológico no Estado do Paraná, Brasil (PROFAUPAR.Portanus Ball: description of a new species (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Xestocephalinae. Portanus dubius sp. nov. is described and illustrated. The specimens were collected with Malaise trap during an entomological inventory in Paraná State, Brazil (PROFAUPAR.

Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) on sugarcane in Colombia, with description of a new species of Tillancoccus Ben-Dov (Coccidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Caballero, Alejandro; Ramos-Portilla, Andrea Amalia; Kondo, Takumasa

2017-05-02

Herein we describe a new species, Tillancoccus koreguajae Caballero & Ramos, sp. n. (Hemiptera: Coccidae) from Colombia collected on sugarcane. Pinnaspis strachani (Cooley) is also recorded on sugarcane for the first time worldwide. An updated list of seven species of Coccomorpha on sugarcane in Colombia is provided, including information on its distribution, biology, and mutualistic ants for each species. Seven species of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) have been recorded previously on sugarcane, Saccharum officinarum L. (Poaceae) in Colombia: Pseudococcidae: Dysmicoccus boninsis (Kuwana), D. brevipes (Cockerell), Pseudococcus calceolariae (Maskell), Saccharicoccus sacchari (Cockerell); Coccidae: Pulvinaria elongata Newstead; Diaspididae: Duplachionaspis divergens (Green) and Serenaspis minima (Maskell). However, the record of S. minima in Colombia is considered doubtful as there are no voucher specimens from Colombia and because the distribution of this species is currently limited to the Australasian region. Pseudococcus calceolariae is present in Colombia but its record on sugarcane is also doubtful. A taxonomic key for the identification of scale insects on sugarcane in Colombia is provided.

Thlastocoris laetus Mayr, 1866 (hemiptera: coreidae: acanthocerini) nueva plaga de la piña

OpenAIRE

Couturier,G.; Brailovsky,H.; Zucchi,R.A.

1993-01-01

Thlastocoris laetus (Hemiptera: Coreidae) es por primera vez señalado como plaga de la piña para la Amazonia brasileña y peruana comentando los daños que ocasiona. Se presenta la caracterización morfológica de esta especie, comparandola con Lybindus dichrous que también es reconocido como plaga de la piña en el Brasil. La distribución geográfica de ambas especies es citada.

First report of Idiopterus nephrelepidis Davis, 1909 (Hemiptera: Aphididae from Bulgaria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elena Tasheva-Terzieva

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Idiopterus nephrelepidis (Hemiptera: Aphididae is reported for the first time in Bulgaria on ornamental ferns in four greenhouses in Sofia and Varna. Dense colonies of apterous viviparous females and larvae were observed. The established host plants are Nephrolepis exaltata, Asplenium nidus and Pteris cretica. Infested ferns exhibit leaf deformation. The aphids were reared in laboratory conditions for four months. A morphometric study of apterae was carried out. Taking into account the presence of host plants of I. nephrelepidis in Bulgaria which are native to the local flora and the reports of the aphid from the Balkan area, it may spread in the country outdoors.

en las iniciativas de Paz que construyen las bases desde lo local

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Esperanza Hernández Delgado

2002-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo destaca, desde los hallazgos de la investigación para la paz, los significados y alcances propios que comunidades indígenas, negras y campesinas, han dado a la paz y la no violencia en Colombia. Estas comunidades, no conocían la propuesta pacifista de Gandhi, Matin Luther King o Mandela, y sin embargo, desde sus necesidades y procesos propios, han generado, apropiado y jalonado, en forma perfectible, iniciativas de paz desde la base, en las que la paz ha sido concebida como defensa de la vida, resistencia civil al conflicto armado, protección de la autonomía y autodeterminación de las comunidades frente a los actores armados, participación política, desarrollo desde las bases, profundización de la democracia y defensa de la cultura, entre otras. En igual forma, estas comunidades han demostrado que Colombia también es escenario de paz y que esta no sólo se construye desde el Estado y los actores armados, sino desde las bases, que se organizan sin recurrir a las armas, en escenarios locales, para darle significados propios.

Flight Muscle Dimorphism and Heterogeneity in Flight Initiation of Field-Collected Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

OpenAIRE

Gurevitz, Juan M.; Kitron, Uriel; Gürtler, Ricardo E.

2007-01-01

Recent experiments demonstrated that most field-collected Triatoma infestans (Klug) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) adults from northern Argentina either never initiated flight or did so repeatedly in both sexes. This pattern could not be explained by sex, adult age, weight, weight-to-length ratio (W/L), or chance. We examined whether bugs that never initiated flight possessed developed flight muscles, and whether flight muscle mass relative to total body mass (FMR) was related to the probability of ...

A new species in the genus Crisicoccus Ferris (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae), with a key to Chinese species.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Jiang-Tao; Wu, San-An

2016-06-01

A new mealybug, Crisicoccus ziziphus sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae), collected on the leaves and twigs of Ziziphus jujuba (Rhamnaceae), is described from China. All the female developmental stages (adult, third-instar, second-instar and first-instar nymphs) are described and illustrated. Keys are provided to separate the female instars and to identify adult females of Crisicoccus species from China.

Review of the genus Neotetricodes Zhang et Chen (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae) with description of two new species.

Science.gov (United States)

Chang, Zhi-Min; Yang, Lin; Zhang, Zheng-Guang; Chen, Xiang-Sheng

2015-12-11

Two new species of the issid genus Neotetricodes Zhang et Chen (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae): Neotetricodes longispinus Chang et Chen sp. nov. (China: Yunnan) and Neotetricodes xiphoideus Chang et Chen sp. nov. (China: Yunnan) are described and illustrated. The generic characteristic is redefined. A checklist and key to the species of the genus are provided. The female genitalia of the genus are firstly described.

Rearing and Release of Megamelus scutellaris Berg (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) for Biological Control of Water hyacinth in 2015

Science.gov (United States)

2017-06-01

Hemiptera: Delphacidae) for Biological Control of Waterhyacinth in 2015 by Jan Freedman and Nathan Harms PURPOSE: Waterhyacinth biological control ... control agents. Three insects were released in the United States for biological control of waterhyacinth during the 1970s; two weevils, Neochetina...content) and competitive interactions with other biological control agents (e.g., Neochetina spp.), though their consideration in other biological

Occurrence of the Tamarix Leafhopper, Opsius stactogalus Fieber (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), in Argentina

Science.gov (United States)

Virla, Eduardo G.; Logarzo, Guillermo A.; Paradell, Susana L.

2010-01-01

The paleartic tamarix leafhopper, Opsius stactogalus Fieber (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), can reduce the growth of tamarisk due to the aggregate feeding imposed by their populations. The species was mentioned for Argentina in Metcalf's catalogue (1967) without locality or region reference, and the contributions on Cicadellidae published by many authors after Metcalf omitted this distributional data. Populations of O. stactogalus on Tamarix sp. were found in 12 sites between 28° 48′ to 39° 17′ S and 64° 06′ to 70° 04′ W, located in both the Neotropical and Andean biogeographic regions. PMID:20578887

PRIMER REPORTE DE LA PRESENCIA DE Diaphorina citri (HEMIPTERA: LIVIIDAE EN MANABÍ

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Bernardo Navarrete Cedeño

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae, conocido como el psílido asiático de los cítricos, es considerada una plaga clave de la citricultura mundial, debido a que es vector de la bacteria “Candidatus Liberibacter”, agente causal de la enfermedad “Huanglongbing”, que tiene efectos letales sobre vegetales dentro de la familia Rutaceae. En este documento se reporta la presencia de D. citri infestando Murraya spp., un arbusto de la familia Rutaceae, en la zona urbana del cantón Portoviejo. Este es el primer reporte de la plaga en la provincia de Manabí-Ecuador

Dopluise (Hemiptera: Coccoidea geassosieer met die wipstertmier, Crematogaster peringueyi Emery (Hymenoptera: Formicidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Johannes H. Giliomee

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Neste van die wipstertmier, Crematogaster peringueyi (Hymenoptera: Formicidae, is op verskeie plekke langs die kus van die Wes-Kaap versamel. Die doel was om vas te stel watter dopluisagtiges (Hemiptera: Coccoidea in die neste in assosiasie met hierdie miere leef. Dopluise van drie families, naamlik die Pseudococcidae (witluise, Coccidae (sagtedopluise en Kerriidae (lakdopluise is in die neste gevind, almal bekend daarvoor dat hulle heuningdou afskei. Hierdie mutualistiese verhouding tussen die miere en dopluise, bekend as mirmekofilie, is fakultatief van aard. Die wipstertmier blyk ook nie spesifiek te wees wat betref die plant waarop hulle nes maak nie.

Description of a new genus, Galgoria gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadinae: Leptopsaltriini: Leptopsaltriina).

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Young June

2016-05-10

A new cicada genus, Galgoria gen. nov., is described with Tanna herzbergi Schmidt, 1932 (from southern China) as its type species, which is placed in the subtribe Leptopsaltriina Moulton, 1923 of the tribe Leptopsaltriini Moulton, 1923 in the subfamily Cicadinae Latreille, 1802 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae). Tanna herzbergi Schmidt, 1932 is transferred from Tanna Distant, 1905 to Galgoria gen. nov. to become Galgoria herzbergi (Schmidt, 1932) comb. nov. Tanna apicalis Chen, 1940 syn. nov. and Tanna pseudocalis Lei & Chou, 1997 syn. nov. are synonymized here with Galgoria herzbergi (Schmidt, 1932) comb. nov.

Fungal flora of the digestive tract of Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae from Argentina Flora fúngica de tractos digestivos en Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae en Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

G. A. Marti

Full Text Available A survey of the fungal microbiota of the digestive tract of Triatoma infestans (Klug (Hemiptera: Reduviidae adults was carried out. Insects captured in the field from different provinces in Argentina, as well as individuals reared in artificial colonies, were used for dissection. Axenic cultures of the fungal species were identified and were deposited with mycological collections at La Plata , Argentina. A total of 33 fungal species, with the exception of three that were mycelia sterilia, belonging to 11 genera were identified. Thirty two species belonged to Ascomycota (Eurotiomycetes and Sordariomycetes and one to Zygomycota (Zygomycetes. The genera with the greatest number of species were Penicillium (15, Aspergillus (5, and Cladosporium (2. Among the isolated fungi, some of the species were entomopathogenic or pathogens of humans and other animals.En el presente estudio se realizó un relevamiento de la flora fúngica microbiana en tractos digestivos de adultos de Triatoma infestans (Klug (Hemiptera: Reduviidae. Se disecaron insectos capturados del campo en diferentes provincias Argentinas, así como también se utilizaron individuos de una colonia artificial. Fueron realizados cultivos axénicos de las especies fúngicas aisladas, los que fueron identificados y luego depositados en las colecciones de hongos entomopatógenos del CEPAVE La Plata , Argentina. Fueron identificadas 33 especies fúngicas perteneciente a 11 géneros. Treinta y dos especies pertenecen a Ascomycota (Eurotiomycetes y Sordariomycetes y una a Zygomycota (Zygomycetes. Los géneros con mayor número de especies fueron Penicillium (15, Aspergillus (5, y Cladosporium (2. Entre los aislamientos fúngicos, algunas de las especies encontradas son entomopatogénicas o patógenas de humanos y otros animales.

Assessing the mitochondrial DNA diversity of the Chagas disease vector Triatoma sordida (Hemiptera: Reduviidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Grasielle Caldas D‘Ávila Pessoa

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Triatoma sordida is a species that transmits Trypanosoma cruzi to humans. In Brazil, T. sordida currently deserves special attention because of its wide distribution, tendency to invade domestic environments and vectorial competence. For the planning and execution of control protocols to be effective against Triatominae, they must consider its population structure. In this context, this study aimed to characterise the genetic variability of T. sordida populations collected in areas with persistent infestations from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Levels of genetic variation and population structure were determined in peridomestic T. sordida by sequencing a polymorphic region of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Low nucleotide and haplotype diversity were observed for all 14 sampled areas; π values ranged from 0.002-0.006. Most obtained haplotypes occurred at low frequencies, and some were exclusive to only one of the studied populations. Interpopulation genetic diversity analysis revealed strong genetic structuring. Furthermore, the genetic variability of Brazilian populations is small compared to that of Argentinean and Bolivian specimens. The possible factors related to the reduced genetic variability and strong genetic structuring obtained for studied populations are discussed in this paper.

The identity and distribution of Fiorinia phantasma (Cockerell & Robinson) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Diaspididae), with a new synonym.

Science.gov (United States)

Watson, Gillian W; Williams, Douglas J; Miller, Douglass R

2015-11-25

The morphologies of Fiorinia phantasma (Cockerell & Robinson) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Diaspididae) and F. coronata Williams & Watson are reviewed, and the name F. coronata is placed as a junior synonym of the name F. phantasma syn. n. The known geographical distribution and host range of F. phantasma is documented and discussed. An identification key to 12 of the 16 species of Fiorinia known from the Australasian, Nearctic and Neotropical Regions is provided.

El autismo desde una perspectiva neuropsicológica

OpenAIRE

Justo Rodríguez, Marta

2013-01-01

En la presente revisión bibliográfica se pretende dar una aproximación al autismo. Se revisarán diversos abordajes que atraviesa este trastorno desde sus inicios hasta la actualidad. Se tienen en cuenta los rasgos fundamentales del autismo revisando el conocimiento de la etiología de dicha enfermedad en la que la tríada la conformarían la ausencia de relaciones sociales, las dificultades para la comunicación, el comportamiento rutinario y obsesivo. Desde una perspectiva neuropsicológica se an...

Scale Insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) on Myrciaria dubia (Myrtaceae) in Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Wolff, V R S; Kondo, T; Peronti, A L B G; Noronha, A C S

2016-06-01

Commercial cultivation of the fruit tree Myrciaria dubia (Myrtaceae) is being developed in Brazil but phytophagous insects, including scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea), can become pests in plantations. The coccids Ceroplastes jamaicensis White, Coccus viridis (Green), Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner), Pseudokermes vitreus (Cockerell) (Coccidae), and the diaspidid Pseudaonidia trilobitiformis (Green) were collected on M. dubia in the municipality of Belém and Tomé-Açu, state of Pará (PA), metropolitan and Northeast Pará mesoregions, Brazil. A key to species of Coccoidea recorded on M. dubia, based on adult females, is provided. Photographs for all scale insects reported on M. dubia are provided. Ceroplastes jamaicensis is recorded for the first time for Brazil and is herein reported for the first time associated with this host.

Aspectos ecológicos da tripanossomíase americana: XIV - Persistência e potencial de domiciliação de populações triatomínicas silvestres em região de intensa atividade agropecuária Ecological aspects of South American tripanosomiasis: XIV - Persistence and domiciliation potential of sylvatic triatominae populations in an intensive agricultural and cattle breeding region

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Oswaldo Paulo Forattini

1979-06-01

Full Text Available São apresentados os resultados de observações sobre populações triatomínicas extradomiciliares em região de intensa atividade agropecuária. Os restos de vegetação primitiva, embora reduzidos a menos de 8,0%, mostraram-se suficientes para manter essas populações. Pelo menos para Triatoma sordida, a destruição progressiva parece favorecer sua sobrevivência, graças à multiplicação de ecótopos preferidos por esse triatomíneo. Tanto essa espécie como Panstrongylus megistus e Rhodnius neglectus mostraram-se aptos à colonização em ecótopos artificiais representados por galinheiros experimentais.The results of observation of sylvatic triatominae population in a region of intensive agricultural and cattle breeding activity are reported. Important environmental changes had occurred in the area, including destruction of the primitive vegetation and intensive use of pesticides. Nevertheless, these modifications apparently did not affect the survival of Triatominae, since they were found in the remaining vegetation. Moreover, this destruction seems to have favored, to some extent, survival of Triatoma sordida by increasing the available ecotopes. This species, as well as Panstrongylus megistus and Rhodnius neglectus, showed enough ecological valence to colonize experimental fowes houses, used as artificial ecotopes.

Hallazgo de Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus (Champion, 1899 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae en ambiente domiciliario en la Región Piura, Perú Intra-domiciliary capture of Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus (Champion, 1899 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae in Piura, Peru

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Edgard Marín

2007-09-01

Full Text Available Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus presenta una amplia distribución en América Central y del Sur con un comportamiento de especie silvestre. En el Perú ha sido registrado en Tumbes, Piura y Cuzco, siendo descrito en casas de localidades de este último departamento. En el presente trabajo se documenta evidencia de domiciliación de P. rufotuberculatus en la localidad de Chirinos-La Pareja, Distrito de Suyo, Provincia de Ayabaca, Región Piura, Perú (4º46'S, 79º93'W. Se capturaron 28 especímenes: 3 ninfas II, 4 ninfas III, 2 ninfas IV, 8 ninfas V, 3 machos y 8 hembras, lo que evidencia la existencia de una colonia intradomiciliar en "cuyeros" (criaderos de Cavia porcellus camas y paredes del dormitorio de la vivienda. Exámenes parasitológicos de heces evacuadas espontáneamente fueron negativos a infección natural por Trypanosoma cruzi. A pesar de que se ha reportado la presencia de P. rufotuberculatus en localidades de Tumbes y Piura, es la primera vez que se documenta su tendencia sinantrópica en la Región. La importancia de esta especie y posteriores investigaciones permitirán evaluar su etología y potencial vectorial de trypanosomiasis americana. Se recomienda una cuidadosa actividad de vigilancia entomo-epidemiológica para esta especie y las otras que coexisten simpátricamente, actualmente en esta región del norte de Perú.Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus is widely distributed in Central and South America. In Peru, it has been found in Tumbes, Piura, and Cuzco. The authors report the presence of P. rufotuberculatus in Chirinos-La Pareja, Suyo district, Ayabaca Province, Piura Region, Peru. Twenty-eight specimens were collected in two of 15 dwellings: three 2nd instar, four 3rd instar, two 4th instar, and eight 5th instar nymphs, three male and eight female, in an intra-domiciliary colony of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus, raised indoors as a source of diet protein and beds and bedroom walls. None of the fecal samples were naturally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. This is the first report of synanthropic presence of P. rufotuberculatus in the region. The finding emphasizes the need for careful entomological and epidemiological surveillance of this and other triatomine species in the Region.

New corological and biological data of the Red Gum Lerp Psyllid, Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore, 1964 in Italy (Hemiptera, Psyllidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Jiménez-Peydró

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore, 1964 is a psyllid (Hemiptera: Psyllidae pest of Eucalyptus, native toAustralia and first recorded in Europe: Spain in 2008 and more recently (2010 in Italy. The present paper dealswith recent research, carried out in central Italy, with new data on the distribution and biology of this species.

Host range findings on Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales in Argentina Espectro de hospedadores hallado en Beauveria bassiana y Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales en Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. V. Toledo

2008-12-01

Full Text Available The natural insect host range of the entomopathogenic fungi (EPF Beauveria bassiana (Bb and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ma was investigated in Argentina during the winter of 2003 through spring of 2004. Fungi- infected insect samples (153 were collected from cornfields and the surrounding uncultivated areas in different localities of Buenos Aires (7, Tucumán (2, and Corrientes (3 provinces. The rates of Bb-infected host range varied among the Coleoptera (37%, Hemiptera (27% and Dermaptera (1.3%. While the rates of Ma-infected host range varied between the Coleoptera (0.7% and Hemiptera (34%. The greater host range resulted with B. bassiana found from eight species of Coleoptera (four families, one species of Dermaptera and four species of Hemiptera (three families, than the host range of M. anisopliae found infecting one species of Coleoptera and three species of Hemiptera (two families. We obtained 75 pure fungal isolates (48 Bb-isolates and 27 to Ma-isolates, and 56 of them (33 Bb-isolates and 23 Ma-isolates were morphologically characterized.El espectro natural de hospedadores de los hongos entomopatógenos (HEP Beauveria bassiana (Bb y Metarhizium anisopliae (Ma fue investigado en Argentina desde el invierno de 2003 hasta la primavera de 2004. Las muestras de insectos con infecciones fúngicas (153 fueron recolectadas a partir de campos de maíz y las áreas no cultivadas circundantes a los mismos, en diferentes localidades de las provincias de Buenos Aires (7, Tucumán (2 y Corrientes (3. El espectro de hospedadores infectados con Bb varió entre los Coleoptera (37%, Hemiptera (27% y Dermaptera (1,3%. Mientras que el espectro de hospedadores infectados con Ma varió entre los Coleoptera (0,7% y los Hemiptera (34%. El mayor espectro lo presentó Bb, encontrado en ocho especies de Coleoptera (cuatro familias, una especie de Dermaptera y cuatro especies de Hemiptera (tres familias, mientras que Ma fue encontrado infectando una especie de

Characterization of a recombinant Cathepsin B-Like cysteine peptidase from Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae): A putative target control of citrus huanglongbing

Science.gov (United States)

Huanglongbing (HLB) is one of the most destructive disease affecting citrus plants. The causal agent is associated with the phloem-limited bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) spread by the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae). Among the control strategies for H...

Occurrence of lace bug Vatiga illudens and Vatiga manihotae (Hemiptera: Tingidae) in Mato Grosso do Sul, midwestern Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Bellon, Patrícia P; Wengrat, Ana P G S; Kassab, Samir O; Pietrowski, Vanda; Loureiro, Elisângela S

2012-09-01

Nymphs and adults of the lace bug (Hemiptera: Tingidae) have been found in cassava crops (Manihot esculenta) in Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. The insects were collected in the field and taken to the laboratory where they were identified based on some morphological traits of the species Vatiga manihotae (Drake) and V. illudens (Drake), which are first reported in the aforementioned state.

Huincúl Kimvn. Mirando la Historia "desde arriba".

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pedro Canales Tapia

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El siguiente trabajo es una proposición histórica regional, de carácter etnográfica, que amparada en las técnicas y propuestas emanadas desde la historia oral y los estudios de la memoria, presentan una descripción de la situación vivencial de dos ancianos mapuche. Este relato muestra, a partir de la oralidad de los sujetos, la conexión, disociación y conflicto entre historia de vida e historia nacional - hegemónica, dando cuenta del sitial marginal y pauperizado, que la población mapuche experimenta de manera estructural, desde la pérdida de su territorio y la desarticulación de éste en el siglo XIX en adelante. De este modo, la historia mapuche se articula a partir de los dispositivos de la memoria y su vínculo con la alteridad, desde posiciones marcadas por la colonialidad de las relaciones sociales entre sí y con otros/as. De esta forma, rescatar la memoria histórica de dos  ancianos mapuche, nos adentra en la discusión acerca dela construcción constante de identidad étnica y despliegue de la etnicidad entre los miembros de un grupo determinado, emergiendo de allí discursos culturales, políticos y demandas sociales,que interpelan a la sociedad colonizadora y hegemónica, desde ámbitos tan diversos como laritualidad, el medio ambiente y la relación hombre – naturaleza.

Rodolia cardinalis (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a new predator of Crypticerya multicicatrices Kondo and Unruh (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae)

OpenAIRE

Pinchao, Ever Camilo; Kondo, Takumasa; González F., Guillermo

2016-01-01

The Colombian fluted scale (CFS), Crypticerya multicicatrices Kondo & Unruh (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae) is a polyphagous scale insect which affects about 100 species of plants. Between 2010–2013, the species was reported as an invasive pest on the islands of San Andres and Old Providence, Colombian territory in the Caribbean sea. Currently, populations of the CFS also have increased in the city of Cali, Valle del Cauca State, mainland Colombia, affecting different host plants, especially l...

PCR-based gut content analysis to detect predation of Eriococcus ironsidei (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) by Coccinellidae species in macadamia nut orchards in Hawaii

Science.gov (United States)

Macadamia felted coccid, Eriococcus ironsidei (Williams) (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) was first found infesting macadamia trees in the island of Hawaii in 2005. Macadamia felted coccid infests all above-ground parts of trees to feed and reproduce. Their feeding activity distorts and stunts new growth w...

A new species of Dysmicoccus damaging lavender in French Provence (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Pseudococcidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Germain, J-F; Matile-Ferrero, D; Kaydan, M B; Malausa, T; Williams, D J

2015-07-01

Une nouvelle espèce de Dysmicoccus nuisible à la lavande en Provence (France) (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Pseudococcidae). Dysmicoccus lavandulae Germain, Matile-Ferrero & Williams n. sp. est décrite et illustrée. Ses séquences ADN sont présentées. L'espèce vit sur Lavandula x intermedia cultivée pour la production d'essence de lavande en Provence. La liste des espèces de pseudococcines vivant sur les lavandes spontanées en France est dressée. Le statut des 2 genres voisins Trionymus Berg et Dysmicoccus Ferris est discuté.

Primer registro de Triatoma infestans (Klug (Hemiptera: Reduviidae asociado a nidos de loros barranqueros (Cyanoliseus patagonus (Aves: Psittacidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María L. HERNÁNDEZ

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Triatoma infestans es el vector más importante de la enfermedad de Chagas de la Argentina. Se cita por primera vez la presencia de T. infestans (Klug (Hemiptera: Reduviidae asociado a nidos de loro barranquero Cyanoliseus patagonus (Psittasiformes: Psittacidae construidos en viviendas de adobe abandonadas. Se discuten las posibles implicancias de este hallazgo para la vigilancia entomológica del vector.

Resistance to Starvation of Triatoma rubrofasciata (De Geer, 1773 under Laboratory Conditions (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rojas Cortéz Mirko G

1998-01-01

Full Text Available The present work aims at learning the period of resistance to starvation (molting/death of Triatoma rubrofasciata in different stages of development and the respective loss of weight until death. Eggs of specimens from the greater area of the city of São Luis in the State of Maranhão, Brazil, yielded approximately 300 nymphs. These nymphs were placed in labelled Borrel glasses, in which they were weekly fed on rats (Rattus norvegicus, until reaching the stage to be observed. The experiments were conducted in a climatic chamber regulated at 29 ± 1° C, 70% relative humidity and 12 hr photoperiod. The resistance to starvation increased according to the stage of development, except for adult bugs, whose results were similar to the 3rd stage nymphs. In all these development stages there was an abrupt loss of weight in the first week, followed by a gradual loss until death. Comparing this work with those of other authors, it was observed that T. rubrofasciata is among the less resistant triatomine species.

Life Cycle, Feeding, and Defecation Patterns of Panstrongylus chinai (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) Under Laboratory Conditions.

Science.gov (United States)

Mosquera, Katherine D; Villacís, Anita G; Grijalva, Mario J

2016-07-01

Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi Panstrongylus chinai (Del Ponte) is highly domiciliated in the Peruvian and Ecuadorian Andes and has been found naturally infected with T. cruzi The objective of this study was to describe the life cycle, feeding, and defecation patterns of P. chinai in the Loja province within southern Ecuador. To characterize its life cycle, a cohort of 70 individuals was followed from egg to adult. At each stage of development, prefeeding time, feeding time, weight of ingested meal, proportional weight increase, and the time to the first defecation were recorded. Panstrongylus chinai completed its development in 371.4 ± 22.3 d, (95% CI 355.4-387.4), which means that it is likely a univoltine species. Prefeeding time, feeding time, and weight of ingested meal increased as individuals developed through nymphal stages. Moreover, time to first defecation was shortest in the early nymphal stages, suggesting higher vector potential in the early developmental stages. Data obtained in this study represent an important advance in our knowledge of the biology of P. chinai, which should be considered as a secondary Chagas disease vector species in the Andean valleys of Loja (Ecuador) and in the north of Peru, and included in entomological surveillance programs. © The Authors 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Geographic distribution and morphometric differentiation of Triatoma nitida usinger 1939 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae in Guatemala

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Monroy Carlota

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Triatoma nitida was found in 14 (0.4% out of 3,726 houses located in six departments across Guatemala, which were surveyed from 1994 to 1998 by the man-hour collection method. Compared to previous information, the distribution of T. nitida in Guatemala has increased from five to nine departments; the species is present in mild climates at altitudes from 960 to 1,500 m. Fourteen percent of the intradomestic T. nitida were infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. The species was often found in conjunction with other triatomines (T. dimidiata and Rhodnius prolixus. The domestic and peridomestic presence of T. nitida in Guatemala was rare, but occasionally this species was colonizing human-made constructions. T. nitida appears to have a low importance as Chagas disease vector in Guatemala, as indicated by its scarce presence in the domestic habitats and defecation patterns. However, it clearly has potential to become a Chagas vector so we recommend an on-going study of the intradomestic presence of T. nitida following the control programs in Guatemala. Morphometric analysis of 47 T. nitida males from three localities showed quantitative differences between the populations, which indicates that geographic distance is an important factor in the structuring of T. nitida populations.

A revision of thirteen species of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae vectors of Chagas disease in Mexico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Salazar-Schettino Paz Maria

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, parasite responsible for Chagas disease, are divided in intradomestic, peridomestic and sylvatic. The intradomestic are Triatoma barberi and Triatoma dimidiata, two species that represent the highest health risk among the Mexican population. Triatoma dimidiata is a species found mainly inside human habitats, but in Yucatan, it corresponds to the peridomicile vectors. Also in the peridomicile most of Chagas disease vectors are found: Meccus bassolsae, M. longipennis, M. mazzottii, M pallidipennis, M. phyllosomus, M picturata, Triatoma gerstaeckeri, T mexicana, T rubida, Dipetalogaster máxima (the last two are in the process of becoming adapted to the domicile, Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus which occasionally enters the domicile in its adult stage, and Rhodnius prolixus, which is practically controlled in the country. Peridomestic vectors are of lower risk in the transmission dynamics, as compared to the intradomestic ones. For the control of the intradomestic vectors, health education programs, improvements of housing, and the use of pesticides are essential To control the peridomestic vectors, health education programs are required, as well as the use of mosquito nets on doors and windows and around beds, aside from cementing the stone wall fences.

Population growth and within-plant distribution of the striped mealybug Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae on cotton

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Martin D. Oliveira

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Population growth and within-plant distribution of the striped mealybug Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae on cotton. The striped mealybug, Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae, is a widely distributed and polyphagous pest species, which naturally occurs on cotton plants in Brazil. This study evaluated the establishment and population growth as well as the within-plant distribution of F. virgata on four cotton cultivars: CNPA 7H (white fibers, BRS Verde, BRS Safira, and BRS Rubi (colored fibers. The experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design with four treatments (cultivars and 18 replications of each. Thus, cotton plants of each cultivar were infested with 100 newly hatched nymphs of F. virgata. The number of adult female mealybugs and the total number of mealybugs per plant were quantified, respectively, at 25 and 50 days after infestation. The developmental and pre-reproductive periods were also determined. Furthermore, we verified the distribution of F. virgata on the plant parts at 25 and 50 days after infestation. Ferrisia virgata showed similar growth of 412-fold in the four cotton cultivars studied. Also, the nymphs were spread on infested leaves; the secondgeneration nymphs were spread and established in all plant parts. Our results characterize F. virgata as having much potential as an important cotton pest in Brazil.

Estudos sobre a resistência ao jejum e aspectos nutricionais de Triatoma lecticularia (Stal, 1859 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae Studies on the resistance to fasting and nutritional aspects of Triatoma lecticularia (Stal, 1859 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Jurberg

1989-09-01

Full Text Available Foi feito um estudo sobre a resistência ao jejum em todas as fases evolutivas e pesagens em diferentes situações nutricionais de Triatoma lecticularia (alimentado; não alimentado; na morte após o jejum com temperatura e umidade registradas. Observou-se que os períodos de resistência das fases ninfais apresentaram médias (dias crescentes: 1º: 45,84; 2º: 61; 3º: 88,74; 4º: 123,47; 5º 162,30. Na fase adulta as médias foram aproximadas à do 3º estádio (para os machos 88,94 e para as fêmeas 83,66. O procedimento de pesagens permitiu registrar a quantidade de sangue ingerido, a perda de peso durante o jejum e o respectivo percentual em relação ao peso inicial. Esta espécie tem assinalada sua distribuição geográfica na região Neártica, onde tem sido encontrda infectada com Trypanosoma cruzi associada a Neotoma micropus Baird e Spermophilus variagatus (Erxeleben.The resistance to fasting of Triatoma lecticularia was studied in all phases of the life cycle and the insect weighed in different nutritional situations (fed, not fed, death after starvation. The temperature and humidity level were also recorded. The nymphal phases showed increasing resistance to fasting as demonstrated by the following averages (days 1st 45.84; 2nd 61; 3rd 88.74; 4th 123.44; 5th 162.30. Upon the adult phase, the averages were similar to those of the 3rd stage for the male insects 88.94 and for females 83.66. The weighing technique allowed for the measeurement of the quantity of blood ingested, the weight loss during the fast and the percentage weight lost as related to the initial weight. The species is found in the Neartic region where it has been found infected with Trypanosoma cruzi and is associated with the terrestial rodents Neotoma micropus Baird and Spermophilus variagatus (Erxelebem.

Description of the immature stages of the planthopper Lacertinella australis (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Batiz, M. F. Rossi; Marino de Remes Lenicov, A. M.; Hagedorn, Henry

2014-01-01

Abstract The five immature stages of the planthopper Lacertinella australis (Remes Lenicov and Rossi Batiz) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae: Saccharosydnini) are described and illustrated. The main characters that allowed us to distinguish the various stages were body size, number of tarsomeres and metatibial spines, and number of teeth on the spur. New biological data based on laboratory rearing and field observations showed that L. australis can carry out its biological cycle successfully on the graminaceous pampas grass ( Cortaderia spp. Stapf (Poales: Poaceae)). In addition, the efficient rearing in captivity, the high survivorship registered, and overwintering only on this host plant suggests that L. australis is a potential biocontrol agent of this invasive graminaceous weed. This study provides information about the immature stages , including a key for their identification, based on laboratory reared specimens and field observations. Resumen Se describen e ilustran las cinco etapas inmaduras de la especie de Saccharisydnini Lacertinella australis (Remes Lenicov and Rossi Batiz) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). Los principales caracteres que permitieron distinguir las diferentes etapas fueron: tamaño corporal, número de espinas en los tarsómeros y metatibia y número de dientes en el espolón tibial. Nuevos datos biológicos, basados en la cría de laboratorio y observaciones de campo, mostraron que L. australis puede realizar su ciclo biológico exitosamente en la graminácea cortadera ( Cortaderia spp. Stapf (Poales: Poaceae)). Además, la eficiente crianza en cautive-rio y la alta supervivencia registrada en esta planta hospedera, sugieren que L. australis podría ser usada como un potencial agente de control biológico de esta maleza invasora. Este estudio proporciona informa-ción sobre las etapas inmaduras, incluyendo una clave para su identificación, basada en individuos provenientes de la cría de laboratorio y de campo. PMID:25199992

A severity rating system for evaluating stand-level balsam woolly adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) damage in two Abies species in western North America

Science.gov (United States)

Kathryn H. Hrinkevich; Robert A. Progar; David C. Shaw

2016-01-01

Severity rating systems are fundamental to understanding the impacts of disturbance agents in forest stands. The balsam woolly adelgid (BWA), Adelges piceae (Ratzeburg) (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), is an invasive forest pest in North America that infests and causes mortality in true fir, Abies spp. There is currently no single...

Four new species of the genus Mongoliana Distant (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae) from southern China.

Science.gov (United States)

Meng, Rui; Wang, Yinglun; Qin, Daozheng

2016-01-05

Four new species in the planthopper genus Mongoliana Distant from southern China (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Issidae) are reported. Three of them, M. bistriata sp. nov., M. latistriata sp. nov. and M. albimaculata sp. nov., are described and illustrated; the fourth new one, M. arcuata sp. nov., is briefly described for M. triangularis Chen, Zhang & Chang which was a misidentification of M. triangularis Che, Wang & Chou. M. recurrens (Butler, 1875) is re-described and remarks for its current status is given. A key to all known species of Mongoliana is provided. The distribution and morphological peculiarities of the genus are briefly discussed.

Studies on idiocerine leafhoppers with descriptions of Chinaocerus gen. nov. and three new species from China (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cicadellidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Dang, Li-Hong; Zhang, Bin; Li, Zi-Zhong

2016-03-08

A new leafhopper genus of the tribe Idiocerini (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cicadellidae), Chinaocerus, is described from the southwest China together with three new species, C. kangdingensis Zhang & Li sp. nov. (Sichuan Province), C. bispinatus Zhang & Li sp. nov. (Yunnan Province) and C. shii Zhang & Li sp. nov. (Sichuan Province). Descriptions and illustrations of these three new species are provided, and a key for their separation is also given.

Do Scaphoideus titanus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) nymphs use vibrational communication?

Science.gov (United States)

Chuche, Julien; Thiéry, Denis; Mazzoni, Valerio

2011-07-01

Small Auchenorrhyncha use substrate-borne vibrations to communicate. Although this behaviour is well known in adult leafhoppers, so far no studies have been published on nymphs. Here we checked the occurrence of vibrational communication in Scaphoideus titanus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) nymphs as a possible explanation of their aggregative distributions on host plants. We studied possible vibratory emissions of isolated and grouped nymphs, as well as their behavioural responses to vibration stimuli that simulated presence of conspecifics, to disturbance noise, white noise and predator spiders. None of our synthetic stimuli or pre-recorded substrate vibrations from nymphs elicited specific vibration responses and only those due to grooming or mechanical contacts of the insect with the leaf were recorded. Thus, S. titanus nymphs showed to not use species-specific vibrations neither for intra- nor interspecific communication and also did not produce alarm vibrations when facing potential predators. We conclude that their aggregative behaviour is independent from a vibrational communication.

Inheritance of sterility in Dysdercus koenigii F. (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harwalkar, M.R.; Rahalkar, G.W.

1979-01-01

It has been suggested that for the control of Lepidopterous populations, release of fully competitive partially sterile males would be more advantageous than the release of completely sterile males. This suggestion is based on the fact, elucidated in many studies, that partially sterilized males mated to normal females produce totally sterile or partially sterile progeny. In Hemiptera too, F 1 progeny of partially sterile males has been shown to inherit sterility. Individual impact of sterility inherited by either sex of the F 1 progeny on population growth has been studied in an hemipteran insect Dysdercus koenigii. A dose of 7 krad induces near-complete sterility in males. When males irradiated with substerilizing doses of 1,2 and 3 krad were crossed with normal females, F 1 progeny of both sexes was partially sterile : the female being more sterile than the males. When the F 1 progeny was intercrossed, there was enhanced reduction in progeny production. (auth.)

A new species of Klabonosa Bouček (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) reared from eggs of Endochus sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) from India.

Science.gov (United States)

Gupta, Ankita; Yeshwanth, H M; Sureshan, P M

2018-04-23

The genus Klabonosa Bouček (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) is recorded for the first time from the Oriental region, with both sexes of K. indica Gupta, Sureshan Yeshwanth sp. n. reared from eggs of the assassin bug Endochus sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) on Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (Moraceae). The male is formally described and illustrated for the first time for the genus.

Use of the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae, Cordyceps bassiana and Isaria fumosorosea to control Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psylidae) in Persian lime under field conditions

Science.gov (United States)

The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is a destructive insect pest in the citriculture, because it is an efficient vector of the proteobacteria, ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (Las), ‘Ca. L. Africanus’ (Laf), and ‘Ca. L. Americanus’ (Lam). These bacteria c...

A new species in the indigenous New Zealand soft scale insect genus Kalasiris Henderson & Hodgson (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) on Gahnia setifolia (Cyperaceae).

Science.gov (United States)

Hodgson, Chris J; Gunawardana, D N; Richmond, J E

2016-03-14

The genus Kalasiris Henderson & Hodgson (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) is currently only known from New Zealand. The adult female and pupa of a new species, K. martini Hodgson & Richmond are described and illustrated below and the possible taxonomic relationships of the genus to other New Zealand genera are discussed.

Potential use of the fungus Beauveria bassiana against the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis without reducing the effectiveness of its natural predator Orius sauteri (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)

Science.gov (United States)

Orius sauteri (Poppius) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) is an important predator of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Orius sauteri would be directly exposed to the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuillemin in the field should the fu...

Assessment of Feeding Acceptance and Injury of Kerman Pistachios, Pistacia vera, by Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

OpenAIRE

Lara, Jesús R; Kamiyama, Matthew T; Hernandez, Gabriel; Nay, Justin; Hoddle, Mark S

2017-01-01

Abstract In the United States, California (CA) is the primary commercial producer of pistachio nuts, Pistacia vera L. (Anacardiaceae). The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), an invasive and polyphagous insect pest from Asia, has established in urban areas in several pistachio-growing counties in CA. Breeding BMSB populations have not been detected in commercial pistachio acreage. However, the detection of BMSB in Kern and Fresno counties, ma...

Comparative Analysis of Repetitive DNA between the Main Vectors of Chagas Disease: Triatoma infestans and Rhodnius prolixus.

Science.gov (United States)

Pita, Sebastián; Mora, Pablo; Vela, Jesús; Palomeque, Teresa; Sánchez, Antonio; Panzera, Francisco; Lorite, Pedro

2018-04-24

Chagas disease or American trypanosomiasis affects six to seven million people worldwide, mostly in Latin America. This disease is transmitted by hematophagous insects known as "kissing bugs" (Hemiptera, Triatominae), with Triatoma infestans and Rhodnius prolixus being the two most important vector species. Despite the fact that both species present the same diploid chromosome number (2 n = 22), they have remarkable differences in their total DNA content, chromosome structure and genome organization. Variations in the DNA genome size are expected to be due to differences in the amount of repetitive DNA sequences. The T. infestans genome-wide analysis revealed the existence of 42 satellite DNA families. BLAST searches of these sequences against the R. prolixus genome assembly revealed that only four of these satellite DNA families are shared between both species, suggesting a great differentiation between the Triatoma and Rhodnius genomes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) location of these repetitive DNAs in both species showed that they are dispersed on the euchromatic regions of all autosomes and the X chromosome. Regarding the Y chromosome, these common satellite DNAs are absent in T. infestans but they are present in the R. prolixus Y chromosome. These results support a different origin and/or evolution in the Y chromosome of both species.

Nano-formulation enhances insecticidal activity of natural pyrethrins against Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and retains their harmless effect to non-target predators.

Science.gov (United States)

Papanikolaou, Nikos E; Kalaitzaki, Argyro; Karamaouna, Filitsa; Michaelakis, Antonios; Papadimitriou, Vassiliki; Dourtoglou, Vassilis; Papachristos, Dimitrios P

2018-04-01

The insecticidal activity of a new nano-formulated natural pyrethrin was examined on the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and the predators Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Macrolophus pygmaeus Rambur (Hemiptera: Miridae), in respect with the nano-scale potential to create more effective and environmentally responsible pesticides. Pyrethrin was nano-formulated in two water-in-oil micro-emulsions based on safe biocompatible materials, i.e., lemon oil terpenes as dispersant, polysorbates as stabilizers, and mixtures of water with glycerol as the dispersed aqueous phase. Laboratory bioassays showed a superior insecticidal effect of the pyrethrin micro-emulsions compared to two commercial suspension concentrates of natural pyrethrins against the aphid. The nano-formulated pyrethrins were harmless, in terms of caused mortality and survival time, to L3 larvae and four-instar nymphs of the predators C. septempunctata and M. pygmaeus, respectively. We expect that these results can contribute to the application of nano-technology in optimization of pesticide formulation, with further opportunities in the development of effective plant protection products compatible with integrated pest management practices.

Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) attacking Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. in Malaysia, with two new country records

Science.gov (United States)

Sartiami, Dewi; Watson, Gillian W.; Mohamad Roff, M. N.; Idris, A. B.

2016-11-01

A survey of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) attacking the national flower of Malaysia, Hibiscus rosa-sisnensis L. and Hibiscus spp. (Malvaceae) was conducted in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, from January to March 2016. Adult females were mounted on microscope slides in Canada balsam. The five species identified were Ferrisia dasylirii (Cockerell), Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Tinsley) and Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel & Miller. Two of these, the invasive species Ferrisia dasylirii and P. solenopsis were introduced and first recorded in Malaysia.

Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) with oral rim ducts; description of a new genus and species from Turkey, and discussion of their higher classification within the Pseudococcidae.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaydan, Mehmet Bora; Szita, Éva

2017-02-03

A new monotypic mealybug genus with oral rim ducts, Bromusicoccus Kaydan gen. n. (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae: Pseudococcinae), is described from Turkey. The higher classification of mealybug genera with oral rim tubular ducts worldwide is discussed and a key is provided to separate them.

Stylet biogenesis in Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Cicero, Joseph M

2017-07-01

The discovery of 'Ca. Liberibacter solanacearum', causal agent of certain solanaceous and apiaceous crop diseases, inside the functional (intrastadial) and pharate stylet anatomy of the potato psyllid prompted elucidation of the mechanism of stylet replacement as a novel exit portal in the transmission pathway. In Hemiptera, presumptive (formative) stylets, secreted during consecutive pharate instars, replace functional stylets lost with the exuviae. In potato psyllids, each functional stylet has a hollow core filled with a cytology that extends out of the core to form a hemispherical aggregate of cells, the 'end-cap', somewhat resembling a golf ball on a tee. A tightly folded mass of extremely thin cells, the 'matrix', occurs inside the end-cap. Micrograph interpretations indicate that during the pharate stage, the end-cap apolyses from the core and 'deconstructs' to release and expand the matrix into a long, coiled tube, the 'atrium'. Cells that were in contact with the inner walls of the functional stylet core maintain their position at the apex of the tube, and secrete a new stylet, apex first, the growing length of which descends into the tube until completed. They then despool from the coils into their functional position as the exuviae is shed. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

CONSTRUCCIÓN, GESTION Y EVALUACION DEL CONOCIMIENTO DESDE LA PRÁCTICA PROFESIONAL: ANÁLISIS DESDE EL TRABAJO SOCIAL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Enrique Pastor Seller

2013-11-01

Full Text Available El artículo profundiza en las contribuciones de la formación en competencias que ha supuesto la creación del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior y en las aportaciones que ha supuesto la integración del Grado en Trabajo Social en España. Se presenta de manera sistemática los resultados de una investigación acerca de los ámbitos de actuación profesional y las capacidades, habilidades y destrezas que el estudiante adquiere en las prácticas profesionales en organizaciones sociales. Un complejo e integrado mapa competencial que proporciona al alumnado un aprendizaje sistemático desde y para la práctica profesional que le permite construir, gestionar y evaluar un conocimiento valioso desde la propia experiencia. Un conocimiento aplicado que se convierte en un capital científico y profesional intangible que dota de autonomía y desarrollo al estudiante para enfrentarse con éxito al entorno profesional y laboral.

Responses of Neomegalotomus parvus (Hemiptera: Alydidae to color and male-lured traps

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maurício Ursi Ventura

2004-08-01

Full Text Available In 1998, the relative responses of Neomegalotomus parvus (Westwood (Hemiptera: Alydidae to colors in traps were assessed in the field. Colors were printed in white alkaline paper and covered with transparent plastic. Printed colors were black, green, yellow, red and blue. Treatments also included white paper and aluminum foil. Green traps captured more bugs than the other traps (except yellow. Yellow traps caught significantly more N. parvus males than blue, black and aluminum traps. White, red and blue traps captured significantly more N. parvus males than black traps. In 1999, the same treatments were used and additionally included the factor presence (X absence of males in cages in the traps. Four males were confined in the cages together with pigeon pea seeds and water. Control traps received only pigeon pea seeds and water. No responses were found for color comparisons. Male-lured traps captured significantly more males than control traps.Em 1998, as respostas relativas de Neomegalotomus parvus (Westwood (Hemiptera: Alydidae a cores em armadilhas foram avaliadas no campo. As cores foram impressas (preto, verde, amarelo, vermelho e azul, em papel alcalino branco e coberto com plástico transparente. Também se incluiu papel branco e folha de alumínio, como tratamentos. Armadilhas verdes capturaram mais insetos que outras armadilhas (exceto amarelo. Armadilhas amarelas capturaram significativamente mais machos de N. parvus do que armadilhas azuis, pretas e alumínio. Armadilhas brancas, vermelhas e azuis capturaram significativamente mais machos de N. parvus do que armadilhas pretas. Em 1999, os mesmos tratamentos foram usados e também se incluiu fator presença (X ausência de machos em gaiolas nas armadilhas. Quatro machos foram confinados nas gaiolas junto com sementes de guandu e água. Testemunhas receberam somente sementes de guandu e água. Não foram obtidas respostas significativas à cores. Armadilhas com machos capturaram

Biology of Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae on Hibiscus rosa-sinensis = Biologia de Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae em Hibiscus rosa-sinensis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcelo Negrini

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Maconellicoccus hirsutus Green, 1908 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae is an introduced pest that threatens fruit and ornamental plant production in Brazil. Reported in Brazil for the first time in 2010, in the state of Roraima, M. hirsutus, has spread rapidly to other regions of the country. The objective of this study was to investigate the biology of M. hirsutus on Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (Malvaceae leaves in laboratory conditions with climatic parameters similar to those of the Brazilian North and Northeast (27 ± 1 °C, 60 ± 10% relative humidity and 12 hours light and 12 hours dark. Eighty M. hirsutus nymphs were individualized on rooted H. rosa-sinensis leaves and their survival, mortality, sex ratio, and egg numbers per female emerged were recorded. Maconellicoccus hirsutus can have up to nine generations per year, taking 6.5 days to double its population size. The female numbers of this pest are about three times higher than those for its male counterparts, with 98 eggs per female and 97% viability. The survival curve of the species is type I, that is, mortality rates are higher in adulthood. Maconellicoccus hirsutus, especially, a pest of fruit trees and ornamental plants, presents great potential for population growth in Brazilian tropical conditions. = Maconellicoccus hirsutus Green, 1908 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae é uma praga introduzida que ameaça a produção de frutas e plantas ornamentais no Brasil. Registrada no Brasil pela primeira vez em 2010, no estado de Roraima, M. hirsutus se espalhou rapidamente para outras regiões do país. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a biologia de M. hirsutus em folhas de Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (Malvaceae, em condições de laboratório com parâmetros climáticos semelhantes aos das regiões Norte e Nordeste do Brasil (27 ± 1 °C, 60 ± 10 % de umidade relativa e 12 h de luz e 12 h de escuro. Oitenta ninfas de M. hirsutus foram individualizadas em folhas enraizadas de H. rosa-sinensis e

Feeding, defecation, and development times of Meccus longipennis Usinger, 1939 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae under laboratory conditions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Alejandro Martínez-Ibarra

2003-10-01

Full Text Available Aspects related to hatching, time-lapse between presenting the blood-meal and beginning of feeding, feeding time, postfeed defecation delay, mortality, and fecundity for each stage of Meccus longipennis life-cycle were evaluated. The bugs were maintained in a dark incubator at 27 ± 1ºC and 80 ± 5% rh, were fed weekly and checked daily for ecdysis or death. The hatching rate observed for 300 eggs was 76.7% and the average time of hatching was 19.8 days. Mean time-lapse between presentation of the blood meal and the beginning of feeding was under 5 min in nymphal stages and postfeed defecation delay was under 10 min in most stages, except in fourth and fifth stages. Mean feeding time was longer than 10 min in most stages, except in fourth stage. One hundred thirty-one nymphs (N (65.5% completed the cycle and the average time from NI to adult was 192.6 ± 34.8 days. The average span in days for each stage was 18.1 for NI, 21.4 for NII, 29.5 for NIII, 45.5 for NIV and 55.9 for NV. The number of bloodmeals at each nymphal stage varied from 1 to 5. The mortality rate was 3.29 for NI, 6.8 for NII, 2.92 for NIII 3.76 for NIV, and 10.16 for NV nymphs. The average number of eggs laid per female in a 9-month period was 615.6. Based on our results, we conclude that M. longipennis has some biological and behavioral characteristics which influence its capacity of becoming infected and transmitting Trypanosoma cruzi to human populations in those areas of Mexico where it is currently present.

Triatoma rubrovaria (Blanchard, 1843 (Hemiptera-Reduviidae-Triatominae III: patterns of feeding, defecation and resistance to starvation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Eduardo Almeida

2003-04-01

Full Text Available Data from the Chagas Disease Control Program indicate a growing domiciliary and peridomiciliary invasion of Triatoma rubrovaria in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, where it has become the most frequent triatomine species captured there since the control of T. infestans. Bionomic characteristics that could influence the vectorial capacity of T. rubrovaria as vector of Trypanosoma cruzi were evaluated: patterns of (i feeding, (ii defecation, and (iii resistance to starvation, using insects fed on mice. Fifty three percent of the females showed a defecation pattern conducive to chagasic transmission, defecating either on or near the bite site. The averages of the resistance to starvation varied from 48.1 to 179 days, for the first and fifth nymphal stages, respectively. Our study shows that with respect to the patterns of feeding, defecation and resistance to fasting, T. rubrovaria presented similar rates to the ones observed for other effective vector species, such as T. infestans. Thus, based on our studies we conclude that T. rubrovaria has biological characteristics that can positively influence its capacity to become infected and transmit T. cruzi, and also to keep residual populations after chemical control interventions.

Description of a new species of Hemiberlesia Cockerell (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Diaspididae) from China, with a key to Hemiberlesia species known from China.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Di; Feng, Jinian

2018-03-06

The diagnostic characters of the genus Hemiberlesia Cockerell (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Diaspididae) are reviewed. The adult female, adult male and all immature stages (except the male prepupa and pupa) of a new species, H. serrulata Liu Feng sp. n., collected from Henan Province, China, are described and illustrated. A key is provided to identify the Hemiberlesia species known to occur in China.

Does the aggressiveness of the prey modify the attack behavior of the predator Supputius cincticeps (Stål (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae? A agressividade da presa altera o comportamento de ataque do predador Supputius cincticeps (Stål (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafael Braga da Silva

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Does the aggressiveness of the prey modify the attack behavior of the predator Supputius cincticeps (Stål (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae? The stink bug Supputius cincticeps (Stål (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae is a predator found in several Brazilian regions, which possesses desirable attributes as a natural control agent and in biological control programs. The aim of this study was to test if the attack behavior and predation success of S. cincticeps were affected by prey species. Larvae of Tenebrio molitor (L. (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, and Thyrinteina arnobia (Stoll (Lepidoptera, Geometridae were offered to S. cincticeps in laboratory bioassays where predatory attack and prey defensive behaviors were observed for 2-hour periods. The attack behavior of S. cincticeps changed with the prey species offered. More than 25% of T. molitor and S. frugiperda larvae were immediately attacked, but T. arnobia was not immediately attacked by S. cincticeps. Successful attack (i.e., successful insertion of the predator stylets into the prey depends on the region of the body attacked, with a greater proportion of successful attacks in the anterior than in the median or posterior regions. Larvae of T. arnobia and S. frugiperda displayed a sequence of abrupt head and body movements in response to S. cincticeps attack. Attempts of predation were more successful on T. molitor and S. frugiperda than on T. arnobia. Information about the differential attack behavior of S. cincticeps on different prey species is important for designing successful biological control programs using this hemipteran predator.A agressividade da presa altera o comportamento de ataque do predador Supputius cincticeps (Stål (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae? O percevejo Supputius cincticeps (Stål (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae é um predador encontrado em várias regiões brasileiras, que possui atributos desejáveis como agente de controle natural ou em

Estudos sobre a resistência ao jejum e aspectos nutricionais de Cavernicola lenti Barrett & Arias, 1985 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae Studies on the resistance to fasting and nutritional aspects of Cavernicola lenti Barret & Arias, 1985 (Hemiptera, Reduviida, Triatominae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jane Margaret Costa

1989-01-01

Full Text Available In order to widen the present knowledge on the biology of this species, a study on the resistance to starvation was carried out among all nymphal stages and the adult stage (male and female. All evolutive stages were weighed on precision scale in three different nutritional situations: fed, non-fed and death registered after starvation. This procedure has allowed us to calculate the amount of blood taken in each stage and during the whole cycle, the average loss of weight during starvation and its relations with the initial weight. The insects were fed on mice and after eclosion or ecdisis they were isolated for observation of the starving period. Throuhout the whole experiment they were kept in a B. O. D./DOB incubator (28ºC and 90%R.U.. The resistance to starvation of the insects has grown from the first stage on (average of 15.5 days to the fifth stage (average of 75.64 days; on the adult stage, the resistance period was equal to the third stage with an average of 41.76 for the males and 44.82 for the females. The amount of ingested blood was greater at the fifth stage worth 34.14 mg, corresponding to 2,04 times its initial weight. The average weight loss during the starvation was greater at the adult stage (23.95 mg, corresponding to 61.52% of the total weight.

Pre shipping dip treatments using soap, natural oils, and Isaria fumosorosea: potential biopesticides for mitigating the spread of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) invasive insects on ornamental plants

Science.gov (United States)

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyodidae) is an invasive insect pest affecting different crops including vegetables, fruits, cereals, and ornamentals. The efficacy of some products such as commercial soap, natural oils and Preferal® (based on the entomopathogenic fungus Isaria fumosorosea ...

Identification of defensive compounds in metathoracic glands of adults of the stink bug Dichelops melacanthus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Marques, Francisco A.; Wendler, Edison P.; Maia, Beatriz Helena L.N. Sales [Universidade Federal do Parana (UFPR), Curitiba, PR (Brazil). Dept. de Quimica]. E-mail: francisco.marques@pesquisador.cnpq.br; Ventura, Mauricio U.; Arruda-Gatti, Iara Cintra [Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), PR (Brazil). Centro de Ciencias Agrarias. Dept. de Agronomia

2007-07-01

The contents of metathoracic glands of adults of the stink bug Dichelops melacanthus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) were analyzed. Compounds were identified by gas chromatography (GC), coupled GC-mass spectrometry and matching retention indices and mass spectra with those of authentic samples. Tridecane was the major component followed by lesser and approximately equal amounts of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal and (E)-2-octenal. Other compounds identified include (E)-2-hexenal, decane, (E)-2-hexenyl acetate, undecane, (E)-4-oxo-2-octenal, dodecane, (E)-2-octenyl acetate, 1-tridecene, tetradecane and pentadecane. (author)

Identification of defensive compounds in metathoracic glands of adults of the stink bug Dichelops melacanthus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Marques, Francisco A.; Wendler, Edison P.; Maia, Beatriz Helena L.N. Sales; Ventura, Mauricio U.; Arruda-Gatti, Iara Cintra

2007-01-01

The contents of metathoracic glands of adults of the stink bug Dichelops melacanthus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) were analyzed. Compounds were identified by gas chromatography (GC), coupled GC-mass spectrometry and matching retention indices and mass spectra with those of authentic samples. Tridecane was the major component followed by lesser and approximately equal amounts of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal and (E)-2-octenal. Other compounds identified include (E)-2-hexenal, decane, (E)-2-hexenyl acetate, undecane, (E)-4-oxo-2-octenal, dodecane, (E)-2-octenyl acetate, 1-tridecene, tetradecane and pentadecane. (author)

First occurrence of Alcaeorrhynchus grandis (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) preying on defoliating caterpillars of oil palm in the state of Para, Brazil; Primeira ocorrencia de Alcaeorrhynchus grandis (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) predando lagartas desfolhadoras do dendezeiro no estado do Para, Brasil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ribeiro, Rafael C.; Lemos, Walkymario P.; Muller, Antonio A. [EMBRAPA Amazonia Oriental, Belem, PA (Brazil). Lab. de Entomologia], e-mail: rafaufra@yahoo.com.br, e-mail: wplemos@cpatu.embrapa.br; Muller, Antonio A. [Embrapa Amazonia Oriental, Belem, PA (Brazil). Lab. de Entomologia; Bernardino, Aline S.; Buecke, Joel [Grupo Agropalma S/A., Tailandia, PA (Brazil)

2010-01-15

The oil palm Elaeis guineensis is usually attacked by pests, particularly, defoliating caterpillars. Between 2004 and 2006 a stinkbug predator (Asopinae) was registered preying on caterpillars of Brassolis sophorae L., Opsiphanes invirae Hubner (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) and Sibine spp. (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae), reducing their populations in commercial oil palm plantations in the State of Para, Brazil. Specimens of the natural enemy were collected, mounted, and identified as Alcaeorrhynchus grandis (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), corresponding to the first report of the occurrence of this stinkbug attacking defoliating caterpillars of oil palm in Brazil. (author)

First Record of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in Ecuador Infesting Urban Citrus and Orange Jasmine Trees

Science.gov (United States)

Cornejo, J.F.; Chica, E.J.

2014-01-01

Abstract Adults and nymphs of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), were collected in the Guayaquil, Samborondón, and Durán cantons in coastal Ecuador. Psyllids were found in high numbers in citrus ( Citrus spp., Sapindales: Rutaceae) and orange jasmine ( Murraya exotica [L.] Jack, Sapindales: Rutaceae) trees within the Guayaquil-Samborondon-Duran conurbation; however, none was found during scoutings in the main citrus producing areas in coastal Ecuador. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of D. citri in Ecuador and the Pacific coastal plain of South America. PMID:25527601

Data on the scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) fauna of Greece, with description of two new species.

Science.gov (United States)

Szita, Éva; Fetykó, Kinga Gabriela; Benedicty, Zsuzsanna Konczné; Kozár, Ferenc; Partsinevelos, Georgios; Milonas, Panagiotis; Kaydan, Mehmet Bora

2017-10-09

Surveys of the scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) fauna of Greece were carried out in 2013 and 2014. Altogether 93 scale insect species were collected, belonging to 11 families. Thirty-eight species (41%) proved to be new to the Greek fauna, including two species new to science (Anophococcus hellenicus Kaydan & Szita sp. n. (Acanthococcidae) and Iberococcus attikus Szita & Fetykó sp. n. (Pseudococcidae)), and two introduced invasive species (Phenacoccus graminicola Leonardi and Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana), both Pseudococcidae). The rest of the species seem to be native to the Greek fauna. The total number of scale insect species recorded from Greece is increased to 253.

Experiencias y vivencias del embarazo en adolescentes explicadas desde lo social

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

VIRGINIA INÉS SOTO

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Describir y explicar desde lo social las experiencias y vivencias de las adolescentes embarazadas, como el contexto para una provisión de cuidado integral, individualizado y contextualizado, es necesario para la práctica de enfermería, y tratar este fenómeno como hecho social exige asimilar las realidades del mundo social a las del mundo exterior, adoptando el principio de que se ignora por completo lo que son, reconociendo que el hecho social no puede ser modificado por un simple decreto de la voluntad, sino que exige un esfuerzo laborioso, considerando la experiencia desde los ámbitos interno y externo. Presentar un marco conceptual y referencial desde lo social, interpretando la experiencia y la vivencia, permitirá a la enfermera comprender este fenómeno cuando dichas experiencias involucran o ponen en riesgo la salud de la adolescente gestante, máxime que la práctica clínica de enfermería se ha estudiado primariamente desde una perspectiva sociológica, pues comparte una importancia social destacada y un fin social, centrada en facilitar, apoyar y atender a los individuos, familias, comunidades y/o sociedades para realzar, mantener y recuperar la salud, y reducir y aliviar los efectos de la enfermedad, con el resultado explícito de promover la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud dentro de contextos ambientales inmediatos y más amplios.

Ética policial: una aproximación desde la agencia*

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nidian Johana Sanabria Cárdena

2012-07-01

Full Text Available El presente texto se propone mostrar la posibilidad de la agencia desde un curso de ética en el marco de la formación ejecutiva del cuerpo policial. Se partede los avances logrados en las discusiones sobre el concepto de agencia, en particular en la sociología norteamericana. Seguido, se procede a presentar las prácticas desarrolladas con los estudiantes, con el propósito de sugerir posibilidades para dicha agencia desde sí mismos. Y finalmente, se reflexiona sobre las posibilidades de que esta propuesta pueda resultar útil en el desarrollo institucional de la Policía Nacional de Colombia.

Pensar la violencia desde las mediaciones: retos epistemológicos en comunicación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Johandry Alberto Hernández

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo es plantear el análisis de la violencia desde la comunicación a partir de una doble perspectiva: indagar qué rol ocupan los medios en las violencias y qué rol las violencias en los medios. Se concentra en el estudio de la violencia desde la subjetividad y por eso se recurre al concepto de las mediaciones de Martín- Barbero (2002, 2003, los estudios de recepción de Orozco (1997 y los trabajos de Imbert (2003, 2004. La violencia reclama una validez de interpretación en términos simbólicos, desde las representaciones mediáticas hasta su construcción en el imaginario colectivo. Esta discusión se perfila como una urgencia académica, pues hace falta constatar si efectivamente los ciudadanos han terminado por naturalizar y legitimar —desde la mediación— la violencia y el crimen en América Latina.

Especies de miridae (hemiptera) registradas en algunos cultivos tropicales en Chanchamayo y Satipo. Junín - Perú

OpenAIRE

Arellano, Germán; Vergara, Clorinda

2016-01-01

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las especies de insectos Miridae(Hemiptera) presentes en seis cultivos tropicales en la selva del Departamento de Junín, Perú. Se considera como base las recolecciones realizadas entre los años 1983 a 1987. El muestreo se basó en colectas periódicas semanales de insectos en las plantaciones de cafeto (Coffea arabica L.), papayo (Carica papaya L.), piña (Ananas comosus var. comosus (L.) Merr., Coppens & Leal), palto (Persea americana Mill), cí...

Ocorrência de Tuthillia cognata Hodkinson, Brown & Burckhardt, 1986(Hemiptera: Homoptera, Psyllidae em plantios experimentais de camu-camu Myrciaria dubia (H.B.K. Mc Vaugh em Manaus (Amazonas, Brasil Occurrence of Tuthillia cognata Hodkinson, Brown & Burckhardt, 1986 (Hemiptera: Homoptera, Psyllidae in experimental plantations of camu-camu Myrciaria dubia (H.B.K. Mc Vaugh in Manaus (Amazonas, Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Márcio Luís Leitão Barbosa

2004-01-01

Full Text Available O cultivo de camu-camu Myrciaria dubia (H.B.K. Mc Vaugh tem apresentado inúmeros problemas fitossanitários, dentre os quais, Tuthillia cognata Hodkinson et al. (Hemiptera: Homoptera, Psyllidae, que constantemente é citada como praga secundária. Os objetivos deste estudo foram determinar o nível e a intensidade de infestação (% por T. cognata e estudar aspectos do ciclo biológico e do comportamento de T. cognata, em plantios experimentais de camu-camu. Foram selecionados, de forma aleatória, 17 e 14 exemplares nos plantios I e II, respectivamente. Para cada uma das variáveis estudadas, foram calculados a média aritmética, o desviopadrão, a variância e a amplitude de variação. Foi verificado um nível de infestação de 82% (plantio I e 57% (plantio II, uma intensidade de infestação de 94% (plantio I e 75% (plantio II e uma média de seis ninfas/folha em cada plantio, o que indica que T. cognata representa uma das pragas-chave dessa cultura. Foram observados adultos de Chrysoperla sp. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae e ninfas de Reduviidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera, que podem atuar como prováveis agentes de controle biológico de T. cognata.The cultivation of camu-camu Myrciaria dubia (H.B.K. Mc Vaugh has presented countless phytosanitary problems, among them, Tuthillia cognata Hodkinson et al. (Hemiptera: Homoptera, Psyllidae, which often is noticed as a secondary pest. This study aimed to determine the level and the intensity of infestation (% for T. cognata, as well as to study the biological cycle and behavioural aspects of T. cognata, in experimental plantation of camu-camu. 17 and 14 specimens from plantation I and II, respectively, were randomly selected. The arithmetic average, the standard deviation, the variance and the total amplitude were calculated for each studied variable. A level of infestation of 82% (plantation I and 57% (plantation II, an intensity of infestation of 94% (plantation I and 75% (plantation II and an

DNA Barcodes for Nearctic Auchenorrhyncha (Insecta: Hemiptera)

Science.gov (United States)

Foottit, Robert G.; Maw, Eric; Hebert, P. D. N.

2014-01-01

Background Many studies have shown the suitability of sequence variation in the 5′ region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene as a DNA barcode for the identification of species in a wide range of animal groups. We examined 471 species in 147 genera of Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha drawn from specimens in the Canadian National Collection of Insects to assess the effectiveness of DNA barcoding in this group. Methodology/Principal Findings Analysis of the COI gene revealed less than 2% intra-specific divergence in 93% of the taxa examined, while minimum interspecific distances exceeded 2% in 70% of congeneric species pairs. Although most species are characterized by a distinct sequence cluster, sequences for members of many groups of closely related species either shared sequences or showed close similarity, with 25% of species separated from their nearest neighbor by less than 1%. Conclusions/Significance This study, although preliminary, provides DNA barcodes for about 8% of the species of this hemipteran suborder found in North America north of Mexico. Barcodes can enable the identification of many species of Auchenorrhyncha, but members of some species groups cannot be discriminated. Future use of DNA barcodes in regulatory, pest management, and environmental applications will be possible as the barcode library for Auchenorrhyncha expands to include more species and broader geographic coverage. PMID:25004106

La emigración cubana a Estados Unidos desde una perspectiva econométrica

OpenAIRE

Cobas Valdés, Aleida

2017-01-01

220 p. Se estima que cerca de 244 millones de personas, en el año 2015, vivían en un país diferente al que les vio nacer. Dentro de este flujo migratorio creciente, han estado presentes, desde los años 30 del siglo pasado, los cubanos. La migración desde Cuba ha estado orientada históricamente hacia Estados Unidos, país donde viven más de 2 millones de personas de origen cubano.Para lograr entender la emigración cubana, desde el momento de la toma de la decisión de emigrar hasta la integra...

Morphology of the mouthparts of the spittlebug Philagra albinotata Uhler (Hemiptera: Cercopoidea: Aphrophoridae).

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Tingting; Pan, Liuxing; Zhang, Yalin; Dai, Wu

2015-03-01

Mouthparts associated with feeding behavior and feeding habits are important sensory and feeding structures in insects. To obtain a better understanding of feeding in Cercopoidea, the morphology of mouthparts of the spittlebug, Philagra albinotata Uhler was examined using scanning electron microscopy. The mouthparts of P. albinotata are of the typical piercing-sucking type found in Hemiptera, comprising a cone-shaped labrum, a tube-like, three-segmented labium with a deep groove on the anterior side, and a stylet fascicle consisting of two mandibular and two maxillary stylets. The mandibles consist of a dorsal smooth region and a ventral serrate region near the apical half of the external convex region, and bear five nodules or teeth on the dorsal external convex region on the distal extremity; these are regarded as unique features that distinguish spittlebugs from other groups of Hemiptera. The externally smooth maxillary stylets, interlocked to form a larger food canal and a smaller salivary canal, are asymmetrical only in the internal position of longitudinal carinae and grooves. One dendritic canal is found in each maxilla and one in each mandible. Two types of sensilla trichodea, three types of sensilla basiconica and groups of multi-peg structures occur in different locations on the labium, specifically the labial tip with two lateral lobes divided into anterior sensory fields with ten small peg sensilla arranged in a 5+4+1 pattern and one big peg sensillum, and posterior sensory fields with four sensilla trichodea. Compared with those of previously studied Auchenorrhyncha, the mouthparts of P. albinotata may be distinguished by the shape of the mandibles, the multi-peg structures and a tooth between the salivary canal and the food canal on the extreme end of the stylets. The mouthpart morphology is illustrated using scanning electron micrographs, and the taxonomic and putative functional significance of the different structures is briefly discussed

Planthopper (Hemiptera: Flatidae) Parasitized by Larval Erythraeid Mite (Trombidiformes: Erythraeidae)—A Description of Two New Species From Western Madagascar

Science.gov (United States)

Mąkol, Joanna; Moniuszko, Hanna; Świerczewski, Dariusz; Stroiński, Adam

2014-01-01

Abstract Descriptions of Dambullaeus adonis Mąkol et Moniuszko sp. nov. (Trombidiformes: Erythraeidae, Callidosomatinae) and Latois nigrolineata Świerczewski et Stroiński sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha, Flatidae) from Madagascar are provided. The first host record for ectoparasitic larvae of Dambullaeus Haitlinger, 2001 and the first evidence on host–parasite association between flatid adult and erythraeid larvae are given. Genus Dambullaeus , known exclusively from larvae and now comprising two species of Gondwanan distribution, is critically reappraised. PMID:25434029

La Disfasia desde el enfoque de la Comunicación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nely del Milagro Puebla Caballero

Full Text Available La disfasia es un término que conceptualiza una entidad gnoseológica relacionada con la organización del lenguaje en su evolución. Es un trastorno grave y de prolongada duración que afecta a niños desde el inicio del desarrollo del lenguaje, se extiende a toda la infancia y la adolescencia y puede dejar secuelas en el estado adulto. En esta revisión bibliográfica se propone un acercamiento a la comprensión de sus dimensiones, concepto, síntomas y pautas para el diagnóstico e intervención desde el enfoque de la Comunicación.

Toxicities of Selected Essential Oils, Silicone Oils, and Paraffin Oil against the Common Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Zha, Chen; Wang, Changlu; Li, Andrew

2018-02-09

The common bed bug [Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)] and tropical bed bug [Cimex hemipterus F. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)] resurged in the United States and many other countries over the past decades. The need for safe and effective bed bug control products propelled the development of numerous 'green insecticides', mostly with essential oils listed as active ingredients. Various inorganic and organic oils also were used for bed bug management. However, there are no published studies on their toxicities against bed bugs. In this study, we screened 18 essential oils, three silicone oils, and paraffin oil (C5-20 paraffins) for their toxicities against bed bugs. All the oils exhibited insecticidal activity in topical assays. Their toxicities varied significantly; all of the evaluated essential oils were less effective than silicone oils and paraffin oil. The LD50 values of the most effective essential oil (blood orange), paraffin oil, and the most effective silicone oil (dodecamethylpentasiloxane) are 0.184 ± 0.018, 0.069 ± 0.012, and 0.036 ± 0.005 mg per bug, respectively. Direct spray of 1% water solution of 3-[hydroxy (polyethyleneoxy) propyl] heptamethyltrisiloxane, the only silicone oil that mixes well with water, resulted in 92% bed bug mortality after 1 d. Results of this study indicate silicone oils and paraffin oil have the potential to be used as safer alternative bed bug control materials. © The Author(s) 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Identifikasi kutukebul (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae dari beberapa tanaman inang dan perkembangan populasinya

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Purnama Hidayat

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae can cause direct and indirect damages on plants, especially vegetables. There is only limited information regarding taxonomy and population dynamic of whiteflies attacking vegetables in Indonesia. This research is conducted to identify species of whitefly collected from chili pepper, tomato, and soybean, and to study their population dynamic. The information gathered from these studies will be useful to support whitefly management in the field. Based on morphology identification of the puparium collected directly from the host plants, there were four species of whitefly identified from chili pepper, tomato, and soybean in Bogor, Cianjur, and Sukabumi, i.e. Bemisia tabaci, Aleurodicus dispersus, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, and Dialeurodes sp. The presence of B. tabaci on chili pepper and tomato was associated with virus infection that causes yellowing and leaf curl disease. This population of B. tabaci tended to increase along with plant growth and generally reached the highest population when the plant was 60-70 days after planting.

La subjetividad desde la perspectiva histórico cultural: un tránsito desde el pensamiento dialéctico al pensamiento complejo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Oscar G. Hernández

2008-01-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo se expone conceptualmente la categoría de la subjetividad y los elementos que la sustentan desde las propuestas provenientes de la psicología histórico cultural. Para ello se hizo una revisión de las principales ideas de la filosofía del materialismo dialéctico, y de los elementos en la obra de L.Vigotsky que se relacionan con su develamiento. Adicionalmente, se realizó una breve exposición de las contribuciones más destacadas que desde la psicología soviética, facilitaron una concepción particular de la subjetividad humana. Finalmente, se muestran los principios del pensamiento complejo propuesto por E. Morin y su articulación respecto a la propuesta actual de la subjetividad como campo de investigación psicológica.

EUGENESIA EN COLOMBIA; UNA REFLEXIÓN TEÓRICA DESDE LOS ESTUDIOS SOCIALES DE LA CIENCIA

OpenAIRE

Carlos Andrés Arroyave Bernal

2012-01-01

Este ensayo pretende hacer una reflexión teórico-critica sobre la eugenesia {en Colombia} para sugerir desde la perspectiva de los Estudios Sociales de la Ciencia y Tecnología algunas contribuciones, para -desde “otros lentes”- proponer nuevos análisis y/o problemas en torno a esta temática tan significativa en la Medicina en América Latina. En tal sentido, revisamos bibliografía relevante sobre la eugenesia desde la historiografía de la ciencia poniéndola en discusión con algunas categorías ...

A two-in-one superhydrophobic and anti-reflective nanodevice in the grey cicada Cicada orni (Hemiptera)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dellieu, Louis, E-mail: louis.dellieu@unamur.be; Sarrazin, Michaël, E-mail: michael.sarrazin@unamur.be; Simonis, Priscilla; Deparis, Olivier; Vigneron, Jean Pol [Research Center in Physics of Matter and Radiation (PMR), Department of Physics, University of Namur (FUNDP), 61 rue de Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur (Belgium)

2014-07-14

Two separated levels of functionality are identified in the nanostructure which covers the wings of the grey cicada Cicada orni (Hemiptera). The upper level is responsible for superhydrophobic character of the wing, while the lower level enhances its anti-reflective behavior. Extensive wetting experiments with various chemical species and optical measurements were performed in order to assess the bi-functionality. Scanning electron microscopy imaging was used to identify the nanostructure morphology. Numerical optical simulations and analytical wetting models were used to prove the roles of both levels of the nanostructure. In addition, the complex refractive index of the chitinous material of the wing was determined from measurements.

A two-in-one superhydrophobic and anti-reflective nanodevice in the grey cicada Cicada orni (Hemiptera)

Science.gov (United States)

Dellieu, Louis; Sarrazin, Michaël; Simonis, Priscilla; Deparis, Olivier; Vigneron, Jean Pol

2014-07-01

Two separated levels of functionality are identified in the nanostructure which covers the wings of the grey cicada Cicada orni (Hemiptera). The upper level is responsible for superhydrophobic character of the wing, while the lower level enhances its anti-reflective behavior. Extensive wetting experiments with various chemical species and optical measurements were performed in order to assess the bi-functionality. Scanning electron microscopy imaging was used to identify the nanostructure morphology. Numerical optical simulations and analytical wetting models were used to prove the roles of both levels of the nanostructure. In addition, the complex refractive index of the chitinous material of the wing was determined from measurements.

A two-in-one superhydrophobic and anti-reflective nanodevice in the grey cicada Cicada orni (Hemiptera)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dellieu, Louis; Sarrazin, Michaël; Simonis, Priscilla; Deparis, Olivier; Vigneron, Jean Pol

2014-01-01

Two separated levels of functionality are identified in the nanostructure which covers the wings of the grey cicada Cicada orni (Hemiptera). The upper level is responsible for superhydrophobic character of the wing, while the lower level enhances its anti-reflective behavior. Extensive wetting experiments with various chemical species and optical measurements were performed in order to assess the bi-functionality. Scanning electron microscopy imaging was used to identify the nanostructure morphology. Numerical optical simulations and analytical wetting models were used to prove the roles of both levels of the nanostructure. In addition, the complex refractive index of the chitinous material of the wing was determined from measurements.

Primer registro de Conidiobolus coronatus (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales en crías experimentales de dos especies plaga del maíz: Delphacodes kuscheli y D. haywardi (Hemiptera: Delphacidae en la Argentina First record of Conidiobolus coronatus (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales in experimental breeding of two pest species of corn: Delphacodes kuscheli and D. haywardi Muir (Hemiptera: Delphacidae in Argentine

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. V. Toledo

Full Text Available Se investigó la ocurrencia natural del hongo entomopatógeno Conidiobolus coronatus (Costantin Batko (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales en adultos de Delphacodes kuscheli Fennah y D. haywardi Muir (Hemiptera: Delphacidae, criados sobre Hordeum vulgare L. bajo condiciones de invernadero. Los insectos muertos, por una sospechada infección fúngica, fueron recolectados, esterilizados superficialmente, y examinados en el laboratorio. Conidiobolus coronatus fue aislado en cultivos puros, descrito morfológicamente y depositado en colecciones micológicas. Este trabajo presenta el primer registro de C. coronatus contra insectos perjudiciales en la Argentina.The natural occurrence of the entomopathogenic fungus Conidiobolus coronatus (Costantin Batko (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales in adults of Delphacodes kuscheli Fennah and D. haywardi Muir (Hemiptera: Delphacidae, reared on Hordeum vulgare L. under greenhouse conditions, was investigated. Dead insects, suspected of fungal infection, were collected, surface sterilized, and examined in the laboratory. Conidiobolus coronatus was isolated in pure cultures, described morphologically, and deposited in mycological collections. This paper presents the first record of C. coronatus against harmful insects in Argentina.

Organization of the mitochondrial genomes of whiteflies, aphids, and psyllids (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Baumann Paul

2004-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background With some exceptions, mitochondria within the class Insecta have the same gene content, and generally, a similar gene order allowing the proposal of an ancestral gene order. The principal exceptions are several orders within the Hemipteroid assemblage including the order Thysanoptera, a sister group of the order Hemiptera. Within the Hemiptera, there are available a number of completely sequenced mitochondrial genomes that have a gene order similar to that of the proposed ancestor. None, however, are available from the suborder Sternorryncha that includes whiteflies, psyllids and aphids. Results We have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genomes of six species of whiteflies, one psyllid and one aphid. Two species of whiteflies, one psyllid and one aphid have mitochondrial genomes with a gene order very similar to that of the proposed insect ancestor. The remaining four species of whiteflies had variations in the gene order. In all cases, there was the excision of a DNA fragment encoding for cytochrome oxidase subunit III(COIII-tRNAgly-NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3(ND3-tRNAala-tRNAarg-tRNAasn from the ancestral position between genes for ATP synthase subunit 6 and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5. Based on the position in which all or part of this fragment was inserted, the mitochondria could be subdivided into four different gene arrangement types. PCR amplification spanning from COIII to genes outside the inserted region and sequence determination of the resulting fragments, indicated that different whitefly species could be placed into one of these arrangement types. A phylogenetic analysis of 19 whitefly species based on genes for mitochondrial cytochrome b, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1, and 16S ribosomal DNA as well as cospeciating endosymbiont 16S and 23S ribosomal DNA indicated a clustering of species that corresponded to the gene arrangement types. Conclusions In whiteflies, the region of the

Los significados de la reconciliación desde las voces de las víctimas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Esperanza Hernández Delgado

2003-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo recoge desde el trabajo de investigación para la paz, la manifestación directa de comunidades afectadas por la violencia política en Colombia y los aportes de analistas de experiencias internacionales de reconciliación, sobre los significados de la reconciliación desde las voces de las víctimas. Plantea que la reconciliación no puede seguir siendo considerada sólo desde el Estado y los actores armados en procesos de negociación de conflictos armados internos, sino que necesariamente debe consultar las voces de sus víctimas como requisito indispensable para el cierre del ciclo de la violencia y la edificación de las bases de una paz estable y duradera. Desde la perspectiva de las víctimas de la violencia, la reconciliación equivale a derecho a la verdad, superación de la impunidad y reparación integral.

El cuidado desde una perspectiva psicosocial

OpenAIRE

Carbelo Baquero, Begoña; Romero Llort, Marta; Casas Martínez, Francisca; Ruiz Ureña, Teresa; Rodríguez de la Parra, Sonsoles

1997-01-01

Este trabajo pretende hacer un análisis reflexivo de las aportaciones de distintas disciplinas en la proyección psicosocial de los cuidados enfermeros. La enfermería psicosocial es algo más que unos conocimientos psicológicos para profesionales de enfermería; las Ciencias Psicosociales, nos permiten abordar al ser humano desde el punto de vista holístico. Las distintas escuelas o tendencias en enfermería, profundizan en el cuidado del ser humano y del entorno como componentes esen...

Are Phenacoccus solani Ferris and P. defectus Ferris (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) distinct species?

Science.gov (United States)

Chatzidimitriou, Evangelia; Simonato, Mauro; Watson, Gillian W; Martinez-Sañudo, Isabel; Tanaka, Hirotaka; Zhao, Jing; Pellizzari, Giuseppina

2016-03-24

Among the Nearctic species of Phenacoccus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), Phenacoccus solani Ferris and P. defectus Ferris are morphologically similar and it can be difficult to separate them on the basis of microscopic morphological characters of the adult female alone. In order to resolve their identity, a canonical variates morphological analysis of 199 specimens from different geographical origins and host plants and a molecular analysis of the COI and 28S genes were performed. The morphological analysis supported synonymy of the two species, as although the type specimens of the "species" are widely separated from each other in the canonical variates plot, they are all part of a continuous range of variation. The molecular analysis showed that P. solani and P. defectus are grouped in the same clade. On the basis of the morphological and molecular analyses, P. defectus is synonymized under the senior name P. solani, syn. n.

Evaluasi Sifat Ovisidal dan Nimfasidal Insektisida Buprofezin 100 g/l terhadap Telur dan Nimfa Wereng Coklat, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal.) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

OpenAIRE

BAEHAKI SUHERLAN EFFENDI; EKO HARI ISWANTO; AMIR HAMZAH

2016-01-01

Evaluation of ovicidal and nymphcidal properties of buprofezin 100 g/linsecticide to eggs and nymphs of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stal.) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). Research was carried out in screen house ofSukamandi, Indonesian Center for Rice Research (ICRR) in the wet season of 2013. Theresearch used randomized block design with 5 doses levels insecticide treatment of buprofezin100 g/l and four replications. The buprofezin treatments were 250, 500, 750, 1000, and 1500ml/ha compa...

Chromosomal divergence and evolutionary inferences in Rhodniini based on the chromosomal location of ribosomal genes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sebastian Pita

2013-05-01

Full Text Available In this study, we used fluorescence in situ hybridisation to determine the chromosomal location of 45S rDNA clusters in 10 species of the tribe Rhodniini (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae. The results showed striking inter and intraspecific variability, with the location of the rDNA clusters restricted to sex chromosomes with two patterns: either on one (X chromosome or both sex chromosomes (X and Y chromosomes. This variation occurs within a genus that has an unchanging diploid chromosome number (2n = 22, including 20 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes and a similar chromosome size and genomic DNA content, reflecting a genome dynamic not revealed by these chromosome traits. The rDNA variation in closely related species and the intraspecific polymorphism in Rhodnius ecuadoriensis suggested that the chromosomal position of rDNA clusters might be a useful marker to identify recently diverged species or populations. We discuss the ancestral position of ribosomal genes in the tribe Rhodniini and the possible mechanisms involved in the variation of the rDNA clusters, including the loss of rDNA loci on the Y chromosome, transposition and ectopic pairing. The last two processes involve chromosomal exchanges between both sex chromosomes, in contrast to the widely accepted idea that the achiasmatic sex chromosomes of Heteroptera do not interchange sequences.

La educación artística desde una triple perspectiva : memoria, crítica y práctica

OpenAIRE

Canales Alonso, Irene

2014-01-01

El presente trabajo realiza una revisión de la educación artística desde tres ópticas distintas: desde la historia, ofreciendo la evolución de la educación artística desde sus inicios hasta la actualidad tanto a nivel internacional como a nivel nac

LA DIGNIDAD DE LA PERSONA HUMANA: DESDE LA FECUNDACIÓN HASTA SU MUERTE A DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA: DESDE A FECUNDAÇÃO ATÉ A MORT THE DIGNITY OF THE HUMAN BEING: FROM CONCEPTION TO DEATH

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan de Dios Vial Correa

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo reflexiona sobre el concepto de "dignidad" desde sus orígenes y la evolución del término, en búsqueda de un sustrato filosófico y antropológico que fundamente el concepto, con el fin de que se respete la persona humana desde la fecundación hasta la muerte y la reflexión bioética tenga una base desde la cual proceder.O presente trabalho reflete sobre o conceito de "dignidade" desde suas origens e a evolução do termo. Busca um substrato filosófico e antropológico que fundamente o conceito, com a finalidade de que se respeite a pessoa humana desde a fecundação até a morte e que a reflexão bioética tenha uma base de ação.This work contemplates the concept of "dignity" from its origins and the evolution of the term, in search of a philosophical and anthropological substrate that grounds the concept, with the objective of the respect of the human being from its conception until death and the provision of a basis from which bioethical reflection may proceed.

La orientación profesional en la infancia preescolar. Actualidad y perspectiva desde el juego de roles

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liudmila Mengana-Lorenzo

2017-11-01

Full Text Available En el artículo se aborda el proceso de orientación profesional visto desde la infancia preescolar, lo que responde a la necesidad social de orientar profesionalmente a los estudiantes desde las edades más tempranas. Se analizan las insuficiencias en la dirección pedagógica del juego como favorecedor de orientación profesional desde esta etapa de la vida y se se propone un sistema de actividades que contribuye a erradicarlas.

Actividad Solar Desde EL Espacio

Science.gov (United States)

Rovira, M. G.

1990-11-01

RESUMEN. Se describen los principales descubrimientos realizados por los arti+iciales con instrumentos dedicados a la observaci6n del Sol, durante los dos ultimos ciclos de su acti vi dad. La observaci6n el espacio ha permitido cubrir todas las zonas del espectro no observables desde tierra1 desde el ultravioleta hasta la radiaci6n gamma. Se hace referencia, en particular, a los resultados producidos por los dos grandes observatorios: el Skylab y el SMM. Este ultimo incluy6 un conjunto de instrumentos especialmente coordinados para observar en detalle las fulguraciones solares. Es un resumen para astr6nomos no especializados en la fisica solar, en el que se muestra que la gran riqueza del material observacional acumulado ha resuelto problemas preexistentes y, al mismo tiempo, ha abierto numerosos interrogantes a los que se buscar respuesta con la instrumentaci6n en desarrollo. Finalmente, se mencionan las caracteristicas de los proyectados para la pr6xima decada. : The main discoveries performed by artificial satellites instrumented for the observation of the Sun, during the last two cycles of its activity, are described. The space observations allowed of almost all the spectral regions which are not observable from the ground, from the ultraviolet to the gamma radiation. In particular, we ref er' to the two large solar space observatories: the Skylab and the SMM. The last one included a set 0+ coordinated instruments to observe in detail the solar flares. This is a summary for astronomers not dedicated to solar physics, where we show that the of observational material have solv# d many of the preexistent problems but, at the ame time, it opened many new questions to which the improved instrumentation will try to answer. , the characteristics of the satellites planned the next decade are mentioned. Key : SUN-ACTIVITY - SUN-CORONA - SUN-X-RAYS

Otras visualidades: crear y enseñar fotografía desde la percepción invidente

OpenAIRE

Peña Sánchez, Noemí

2014-01-01

Esta tesis aborda las relaciones entre fotografía y ceguera desde una perspectiva teórica, educativa y artística. La búsqueda de vínculos entre obras fotográficas creadas desde la percepción invidente ha servido para plantear un enfoque didáctico sobre la creación fotográfica en personas con discapacidad visual y entender otros modos de concebir la imagen desde el ejercicio creador. La tesis se estructura en cuatro bloques: El primero define el diseño de esta investigación en el que s...

A new Anagyrus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from Argentina, parasitoid of Hypogeococcus sp. (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on Harrisia pomanensis (Cactaceae).

Science.gov (United States)

Triapitsyn, Serguei V; Aguirre, María B; Logarzo, Guillermo A

2016-05-26

A new species of Anagyrus Howard (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), A. lapachosus sp. n., is described from Salta Province of Argentina as a parasitoid of Hypogeococcus sp. (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on Harrisia pomanensis cactus (Cactaceae). It is a candidate "new association" biological control agent for quarantine evaluation and possible following introduction to Puerto Rico (USA) against another Hypogeococcus sp., commonly called the Harrisia cactus mealybug and often misidentified as H. pungens Granara de Willink (according to our unpublished data the latter attacks only Amaranthaceae), which devastates or threatens the native cacti there and also in some other Caribbean islands (Triapitsyn, Aguirre et al. 2014; Carrera-Martínez et al. 2015).

Megamelus bellicus (Hemiptera: Delphacidae: immature stages and biology

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roxana MARIANI

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Se describen e ilustran los estados inmaduros de Megamelus bellicus Remes Lenicov & Sosa (Hemiptera: Delphacidae y se presenta una clave para identificarlos. La descripción de cada estadio se realizó sobre la base de ninfas extraidas 24 horas posteriores a la eclosión, de colonias de laboratorio y criadas sobre trozos de hojas de camalote Eichhornia crassipes (Martius Solms Laubach. Los principales caracteres para distinguir los distintos estadios son: tamaño del cuerpo, color, número de tarsómeros, espinulación de la metatibia y número de dientes del calcar y presencia de sensorios en el pedicelo antenal. Datos biológicos basados en observaciones en el laboratorio y en el campo, muestran que M. bellicus realiza su ciclo biológico exitosamente sobre Pontederiaceae. Los huevos, dispuestos de 1 a 9 por postura, son colocados profundamente en el aerénquima del pecíolo; son más frecuentes de 3-4, menos frecuentes 5, 2 y 6, y raramente 1, 7 y 9. Se registra el porcentaje de parasitoidismo de un Hymenoptera oófilo de la familia Eulophidae, Aprostocetus (Ootetrastichus sp. Debido a que M. bellicus ocupa el mismo hábitat ecológico que M. scutellaris Berg, se resaltan las principales diferencias morfológicas y de comportamiento entre las mismas.

Podemos como un acontecimiento o no: lo que vemos desde Manchester

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ian Parker

2015-04-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se analiza a Podemos desde la noción de “acontecimiento” teorizada por Alain Badiou y sobre la base de dos cuestiones que se relacionan con Podemos como fenómeno anti-político. En primer lugar, en lo relativo a la relación entre discurso académico y acontecimientos políticos, llegando a la conclusión de que tanto Badiou como el grupo de la Complutense que rodea a Iglesias intervinieron con éxito sobre el mundo real, desde la Universidad, desde un marco académico. La segunda cuestión tiene que ver con el modo en que nos relacionamos con acontecimientos que aun no han ocurrido. Parker concluye que el futuro de Podemos está íntimamente ligado a lo que pueda ocurrir en Grecia tras la victoria de Syriza. En este artículo se describe el impacto positivo que ha tenido Podemos para el “Left Unity” en Manchester y se aboga por un compromiso con ambas formaciones más allá de lo puramente académico. Podemos y Syriza son posibles acontecimientos cuyo carácter está aún por determinar, y cuyas implicaciones traspasan incluso las fronteras de Europa.

Geriatría y cine: una mirada desde la salud

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Beatriz OGANDO DÍAZ

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Envejecer no implica enfermar. La OMS en “Salud y envejecimiento” plantea una visión positiva bajo el concepto de “envejecimiento activo” para superar el papel pasivo que se ha otorgado a las personas mayores. La vejez se acompaña de estereotipos que cambian conforme cambia la sociedad. El cine es un buen vehículo para detectarlos y reflexionar sobre ellos.El cine contribuye a la construcción de la representación social de la mirada sobre la vejez. En las últimas décadas muchas películas han mostrado el lugar del anciano en el mundo. Existe un interés creciente por el llamado gerontocine. Muchas películas presentan aspectos relacionados con la enfermedad pero otras enfocan la vejez desde esa visión de envejecimiento activo positivo que promueve la OMS.La intención de este artículo es enfatizar la mirada del envejecimiento desde la salud a partir de tres películas de momentos temporales y geográficos dispares: Cuentos de Tokio/Tokyo monogatari (1953 de Yasujiro Ozu, En el estanque dorado/On Golden Pond (1981 de Mark Rydell, y Up (2009 de Pete Docter. En ellas se muestran distintos modos de envejecer desde una perspectiva “libre de enfermedad”, aunque su amenaza y la presencia de la muerte ronden a sus protagonistas.

DESDE EL PARADIGMA DE LA COMPLEJIDAD

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silvia Alvarado Cordero

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo busca brindar un aporte a la disciplina de Orientación al proponer una forma de incorporar el paradigma de la complejidad al quehacer profesional. Se incluye una revisión de la injerencia de diferentes teorías en el desarrollo histórico de esta disciplina y se ejemplifica la aplicación de los principios de auto organización, interdependencia y sustentabilidad a la práctica de la Orientación. Sustentada en estos fundamentos teóricos, se diseñó e implementó una propuesta pedagógica en un centro educativo de Educación Primaria. Se realizó un trabajo de campo con 22 docentes y 380 estudiantes de una escuela pública en donde, durante un mes, se generaron espacios de participación y expresión creativa, con acciones a nivel de aula y de institución. En las acciones realizadas se subrayó constantemente la importancia de iniciar con el cambio individual en pequeños actos, como el ahorro energético, el manejo de desechos, la armonía en las relaciones interpersonales, se desplegó un abanico de posibilidades que emergió de las personas participantes. Los resultados y conclusiones evidencian importantes alcances y aportes que realiza la Orientación a la calidad de vida personal y social desde el contexto educativo, desde donde se convierte en una experiencia pedagógica exitosa, que puede ser homologada en otros contextos.

Crisis vital desde una perspectiva de género

OpenAIRE

Castro, Eva; Flores López, Olga

2004-01-01

A continuación se presenta el caso de una mujer de 55 años que presenta una crisis de identidad, abordado desde una perspectiva de género y un modelo explicativo y terapéutico que incluye elementos del análisis transaccional y la terapia constructivista.

EUGENESIA EN COLOMBIA; UNA REFLEXIÓN TEÓRICA DESDE LOS ESTUDIOS SOCIALES DE LA CIENCIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Andrés Arroyave Bernal

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Este ensayo pretende hacer una reflexión teórico-critica sobre la eugenesia {en Colombia} para sugerir desde la perspectiva de los Estudios Sociales de la Ciencia y Tecnología algunas contribuciones, para -desde “otros lentes”- proponer nuevos análisis y/o problemas en torno a esta temática tan significativa en la Medicina en América Latina. En tal sentido, revisamos bibliografía relevante sobre la eugenesia desde la historiografía de la ciencia poniéndola en discusión con algunas categorías de los ESCT2, para de esta forma replantear teóricamente el tema de la eugenesia en el ámbito colombiano..

Spectral Detection of Soybean Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Confounding Insecticide Effects in Soybean

Science.gov (United States)

Alves, Tavvs Micael

Soybean aphid, Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is the primary insect pest of soybean in the northcentral United States. Soybean aphid may cause stunted plants, leaf discoloration, plant death, and decrease soybean yield by 40%. Sampling plans have been developed for supporting soybean aphid management. However, growers' perception about time involved in direct insect counts has been contributing to a lower adoption of traditional pest scouting methods and may be associated with the use of prophylactic insecticide applications in soybean. Remote sensing of plant spectral (light-derived) responses to soybean aphid feeding is a promising alternative to estimate injury without direct insect counts and, thus, increase adoption and efficiency of scouting programs. This research explored the use of remote sensing of soybean reflectance for detection of soybean aphids and showed that foliar insecticides may have implications for subsequent use of soybean spectral reflectance for pest detection. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).

La Cultura de la Inteligencia desde la Perspectiva de la Investigación Histórica

OpenAIRE

Goberna Falque, Juan

2006-01-01

Desde las más altas instancias del Centro Nacional de Inteligencia (CNI) se viene proponiendo desde hace algunos años la creación y difusión de algo que se ha dado en llamar la «cultura de la inteligencia». Como miembro de un equipo de investigaci

LA ENSEÑANZA DE LENGUAS EXTRANJERAS DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE LA TEORÍA VIGOTSKIANA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Raúl Conrado Sánchez Cortina

2014-09-01

Full Text Available La teoría vigotskiana y sus ideas esenciales sobre la formación de la personalidad humana son tomadas como punto de partida en el presente artículo, en el cual se realiza un análisis de esas ideas, las que van dando sustento a diversas teorías referidas a la enseñanza de idiomas extranjeros desde el llamado “Enfoque cognitivo, comunicativo y sociocultural”, o desde los matices que a esta enseñanza se ofrece a partir de la “Didáctica interactiva”. En el presente artículo se revelan otras concepciones que intervienen en el proceso de la enseñanza de idiomas y que están estrechamente vinculadas con la identidad cultural de los actores del proceso y los valores que llegan desde la nueva lengua que se estudia.

Abordando la problemática del Dengue desde una perspectiva ambiental

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudia Zuñiga Vega

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El Dengue es una enfermedad viral que genera danos cuantiosos en los países donde se desarrolla, afectando la economía, las actividades productivas y el turismo, entre otros. El principal transmisor de esta enfermedad es el mosquito Aedes aegypti y las campanas para erradicar este vector se han dirigido principalmente hacia la eliminación de sus larvas y adultos por medio de plaguicidas y hacia la reducción del mal manejo de los desechos. Sin embargo, no se ha realizado esfuerzos para determinar las razones por las que las poblaciones de este mosquito han sido tan exitosas, ni se ha aplicado enfoques integrales para luchar contra esta pandemia. Este artículo trata de explicar el incremento de los casos de Dengue desde la perspectiva del descontrol y desinterés ambiental y la falta de apoyo a las comunidades en muchos campos. Es por esto que los autores proponen abordar esta problemática desde una perspectiva ambiental integral, abarcando desde el control químico y biológico hasta la integración de todos los sectores involucrados (Gobierno, médicos y comunidad.

Three new species of mealybug (Hemiptera, Coccomorpha, Pseudococcidae) on persimmon fruit trees (Diospyros kaki) in southern Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Pacheco da Silva, Vitor C; Kaydan, Mehmet Bora; Germain, Jean-François; Malausa, Thibaut; Botton, Marcos

2016-01-01

Brazil has the greatest insect diversity in the world; however, little is known about its scale insect species (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha). Mealybugs (Pseudococcidae) have been found in at least 50% of persimmon orchards Diospyros kaki L. in the southern part of the country. In this study three new mealybug species on persimmon trees located in the Serra Gaúcha Region, RS, Brazil, namely, Anisococcus granarae Pacheco da Silva & Kaydan, sp. n., Ferrisia kaki Kaydan & Pacheco da Silva, sp. n. and Pseudococcus rosangelae Pacheco da Silva & Kaydan, sp. n. are described. In addition, an identification key for the genera occurring on fruit orchards and vineyards in Brazil is provided, together with illustrations and molecular data for the new species.

Optimization of random amplified polymorphic DNA techniques for use in genetic studies of Cuban triatominae Optimización de la técnica de ADN polimórfico amplificado al azar (RAPD para su utilización en la caracterización genética de triatomíneos cubanos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Fraga

2005-10-01

Full Text Available Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD technique is a simple and reliable method to detect DNA polymorphism. Several factors can affect the amplification profiles, thereby causing false bands and non-reproducibility of assay. In this study, we analyzed the effect of changing the concentration of primer, magnesium chloride, template DNA and Taq DNA polymerase with the objective of determining their optimum concentration for the standardization of RAPD technique for genetic studies of Cuban Triatominae. Reproducible amplification patterns were obtained using 5 pmoL of primer, 2.5 mM of MgCl2, 25 ng of template DNA and 2 U of Taq DNA polymerase in 25 µL of the reaction. A panel of five random primers was used to evaluate the genetic variability of T. flavida. Three of these (OPA-1, OPA-2 and OPA-4 generated reproducible and distinguishable fingerprinting patterns of Triatominae. Numerical analysis of 52 RAPD amplified bands generated for all five primers was carried out with unweighted pair group method analysis (UPGMA. Jaccard's Similarity Coefficient data were used to construct a dendrogram. Two groups could be distinguished by RAPD data and these groups coincided with geographic origin, i.e. the populations captured in areas from east and west of Guanahacabibes, Pinar del Río. T. flavida present low interpopulation variability that could result in greater susceptibility to pesticides in control programs. The RAPD protocol and the selected primers are useful for molecular characterization of Cuban Triatominae.La técnica de ADN polimórfico amplificado al azar (RAPD es un método simple para detectar el polimorfismo genético del ADN. Diferentes factores afectan los perfiles de amplificación lo que se manifiesta en la presencia de bandas falsas y en la reproducibilidad del ensayo. En nuestro trabajo analizamos los cambios de la concentración de cebador, ADN molde, cloruro de magnesio y de Taq ADN polimerasa con el objetivo de determinar su

First occurrence of Alcaeorrhynchus grandis (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) preying on defoliating caterpillars of oil palm in the state of Para, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ribeiro, Rafael C.; Lemos, Walkymario P.; Muller, Antonio A.

2010-01-01

The oil palm Elaeis guineensis is usually attacked by pests, particularly, defoliating caterpillars. Between 2004 and 2006 a stinkbug predator (Asopinae) was registered preying on caterpillars of Brassolis sophorae L., Opsiphanes invirae Hubner (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) and Sibine spp. (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae), reducing their populations in commercial oil palm plantations in the State of Para, Brazil. Specimens of the natural enemy were collected, mounted, and identified as Alcaeorrhynchus grandis (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), corresponding to the first report of the occurrence of this stinkbug attacking defoliating caterpillars of oil palm in Brazil. (author)

Desde el compromiso de las transferencias

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bonet Bertomeu, Josep María

2005-02-01

Full Text Available En Enero de 2002, los Servicios Sanitarios gestionados por el INSALUD fueron transferidos a las diez Comunidades Autónomas que todavía no los habían recibido. Se completó así el mapa territorial de Servicios de Salud Autonómicos, si exceptuamos Ceuta y Melilla que siguen gestionados por la Administración Central. Habiendo transcurrido más de tres años desde aquella fecha se puede ver con cierta perspectiva aquel proceso, algunos de sus componentes y aportar así algo al momento que vive nuestro sistema, siempre con ánimo de enriquecer el debate.…

A European classification of services for long-term care—the EU-project eDESDE-LTC

Science.gov (United States)

Weber, Germain; Brehmer, Barbara; Zeilinger, Elisabeth; Salvador-Carulla, Luis

2009-01-01

Purpose and theory The eDESDE-LTC project aims at developing an operational system for coding, mapping and comparing services for long-term care (LTC) across EU. The projects strategy is to improve EU listing and access to relevant sources of healthcare information via development of SEMANTIC INTER-OPERABILITY in eHEALTH (coding and listing of services for LTC); to increase access to relevant sources of information on LTC services, and to improve linkages between national and regional websites; to foster cooperation with international organizations (OECD). Methods This operational system will include a standard classification of main types of care for persons with LTC needs and an instrument for mapping and standard description of services. These instruments are based on previous classification systems for mental health services (ESMS), disabilities services (DESDE) and ageing services (DESDAE). A Delphi panel made by seven partners developed a DESDE-LTC beta version, which was translated into six languages. The feasibility of DESDE-LTC is tested in six countries using national focal groups. Then the final version will be developed by the Delphi panel, a webpage, training material and course will be carried out. Results and conclusions The eDESDE-LTC system will be piloted in two EU countries (Spain and Bulgaria). Evaluation will focus primarily on usability and impact analysis. Discussion The added value of this project is related to the right of “having access to high-quality healthcare when and where it is needed” by EU citizens. Due to semantic variability and service complexity, existing national listings of services do not provide an adequate framework for patient mobility.

Does the aggressiveness of the prey modify the attack behavior of the predator Supputius cincticeps (Stål (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rafael Braga da Silva

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Does the aggressiveness of the prey modify the attack behavior of the predator Supputius cincticeps (Stål (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae? The stink bug Supputius cincticeps (Stål (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae is a predator found in several Brazilian regions, which possesses desirable attributes as a natural control agent and in biological control programs. The aim of this study was to test if the attack behavior and predation success of S. cincticeps were affected by prey species. Larvae of Tenebrio molitor (L. (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, and Thyrinteina arnobia (Stoll (Lepidoptera, Geometridae were offered to S. cincticeps in laboratory bioassays where predatory attack and prey defensive behaviors were observed for 2-hour periods. The attack behavior of S. cincticeps changed with the prey species offered. More than 25% of T. molitor and S. frugiperda larvae were immediately attacked, but T. arnobia was not immediately attacked by S. cincticeps. Successful attack (i.e., successful insertion of the predator stylets into the prey depends on the region of the body attacked, with a greater proportion of successful attacks in the anterior than in the median or posterior regions. Larvae of T. arnobia and S. frugiperda displayed a sequence of abrupt head and body movements in response to S. cincticeps attack. Attempts of predation were more successful on T. molitor and S. frugiperda than on T. arnobia. Information about the differential attack behavior of S. cincticeps on different prey species is important for designing successful biological control programs using this hemipteran predator.

Bionomy of the laurel scale Aonidia lauri (Bouche (Hemiptera: Diaspididae in Podgorica, Montenegro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Graora Draga

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Aonidia lauri (Bouche (Hemiptera: Diaspididae is a serious pest of laurel (Laurus nobilis L. in urban parts of the City of Podgorica (Montenegro. Severe infestation causes chlorotic spots and necrotic rings around feeding spots, drying and dieback of leaves and buds. In addition, plants become physiologically weak and lose in aesthetic quality, while continuous infestation in urban areas often leads to partial or complete drying of plants. This study of the biology of A. lauri on L. nobilis was carried out at three locations in Podgorica ('Stara Varoš', 'Centar' and 'Preko Morače', Montenegro, in 2010 and 2011. A. lauri developed three generations annually and overwintered on laurel leaves and branches as the second-instar nymph-larval stage. An extended period of larval development ensures a continuous presence of all development stages on plants, which leads to overlapping of generations. Sporadic predatory ladybirds, Chilocorus bipustulatus (L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae, whose larvae and adults feed on scales, were detected inside A. lauri colonies.

Probing behaviors of Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae on enhanced UV-B irradiated plants

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hu Zu-Qing

2013-01-01

Full Text Available UV-B induced changes in plants can influence sap-feeding insects through mechanisms that have not been studied. Herein the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (Fabricius (Hemiptera: Aphididae, was monitored on barley plants under the treatments of control [0 kJ/ (m2.d], ambient UV-B [60 kJ/ (m2.d], and enhanced UV-B [120 kJ/ (m2.d] irradiation. Electrical penetration graph (EPG techniques were used to record aphid probing behaviors. Enhanced UV-B irradiated plants negatively affected probing behaviors of S. avenae compared with control plants. In particular, phloem factors that could diminish sieve element acceptance appeared to be involved, as reflected by smaller number of phloem phase, shorter phloem ingestion, and fewer aphids reaching the sustained phloem ingestion phase (E2>10min. On the other hand, factors from leaf surface, epidermis, and mesophyll cannot be excluded, as reflected by higher number of non-probing, longer non-probing and pathway phase, and later the time to first probe.

EL DERECHO DE AUTOR EN COLOMBIA DESDE UNA PERSPECTIVA HUMANISTA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ramiro Rodríguez López

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Se considera que el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales, promulgado por las Naciones Unidas en 1966, determinó la necesidad de garantizar a las personas el derecho a beneficiarse tanto de los intereses morales como de los materiales sobre las creaciones del intelecto, denominadas propiedad intelectual. Al respecto, se considera posible plantear su estudio desde una perspectiva humanista, iniciando el análisis desde la precisión de derechos de autor. Para ello, se estudia su consagración normativa en las constituciones políticas de 1886 y 1991; la importancia de los instrumentos internacionales a los cuales ha adherido el Estado colombiano y su desarrollo en la jurisprudencia nacional, donde se ha hecho una clara referencia del derecho de autor como un derecho contenido en el artículo 27 de la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos de 1948.

A new genus and species of tettigarctid cicada from the early Miocene of New Zealand: Paratettigarcta zealandica (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Tettigarctidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Kaulfuss, Uwe; Moulds, Max

2015-01-01

Abstract A new genus and species of primitive cicada (Hemiptera: Tettigarctidae) is described from the early Miocene of southern New Zealand. Paratettigarcta zealandica gen. et sp. n. is the first cicada (Cicadoidea) fossil from New Zealand and exhibits wing venation patterns typical for the subfamily Tettigarctinae. It differs from other fossil taxa and the extant genus Tettigarcta in the early divergence of CuA2 from the nodal line in the forewing, its parallel-sided subcostal cell, the early bifurcation of vein M and long apical cells of the hindwing, and in wing pigmentation patterns. PMID:25829843

Nymphal and adult performance of Euschistus heros (Fabr.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), as a potential alternative host for egg parasitoids multiplication

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Peres, Wilsimar A.A.; Correa-Ferreira, Beatriz S.

2001-01-01

This research aimed to evaluate the potential of Euschistus heros (Fabr.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) as host for multiplication of egg parasitoids, by determining the nymphal and adult performance of E. heros from laboratory and the field, comparing with Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), under mass conditions. One hundred eggs of E. heros and N. viridula were placed among the leaves of soybean plants contained in cages (50x50x70 cm) and observation were made until adult emergence. The nymphs fed on soybean pods, dry soybean and peanuts seeds. The number of nymphs that reached adulthood and the development time were calculated. The survivorship and reproduction performance of laboratory and field populations of E. heros and N. viridula were evaluated during 13 weeks in February-May 1999. The number of eggs produced by 100 pairs of stink bugs per cage containing the same diet was recorded. Nymphal development time of E. heros and N. viridula was 33.0 and 34.0 days and 65.0% and 71.3% of nymphs reached adulthood, respectively. Adults of E. heros reared under laboratory conditions produced 2.5 times more eggs (5547.0 eggs/cage) than those collected in the field (2262.7 eggs/cage). The adult field population of E. heros had reduced reproduction and longevity due to parasitism by Hexacladia smithii Ash. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). The N. viridula adults collected in the field produced 1.7 times more eggs (6304.9 eggs/cage) than those reared in the laboratory (3609.2 eggs/cage). E. heros laboratory reared is a promising host for egg parasitoids multiplication when compared with N. viridula collected in the field. (author)

Nymphal and adult performance of Euschistus heros (Fabr.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), as a potential alternative host for egg parasitoids multiplication

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Peres, Wilsimar A.A. [Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, PR (Brazil). Dept. de Zoologia; Correa-Ferreira, Beatriz S. [EMBRAPA, Londrina, PR (Brazil). Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Soja

2001-12-15

This research aimed to evaluate the potential of Euschistus heros (Fabr.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) as host for multiplication of egg parasitoids, by determining the nymphal and adult performance of E. heros from laboratory and the field, comparing with Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), under mass conditions. One hundred eggs of E. heros and N. viridula were placed among the leaves of soybean plants contained in cages (50x50x70 cm) and observation were made until adult emergence. The nymphs fed on soybean pods, dry soybean and peanuts seeds. The number of nymphs that reached adulthood and the development time were calculated. The survivorship and reproduction performance of laboratory and field populations of E. heros and N. viridula were evaluated during 13 weeks in February-May 1999. The number of eggs produced by 100 pairs of stink bugs per cage containing the same diet was recorded. Nymphal development time of E. heros and N. viridula was 33.0 and 34.0 days and 65.0% and 71.3% of nymphs reached adulthood, respectively. Adults of E. heros reared under laboratory conditions produced 2.5 times more eggs (5547.0 eggs/cage) than those collected in the field (2262.7 eggs/cage). The adult field population of E. heros had reduced reproduction and longevity due to parasitism by Hexacladia smithii Ash. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). The N. viridula adults collected in the field produced 1.7 times more eggs (6304.9 eggs/cage) than those reared in the laboratory (3609.2 eggs/cage). E. heros laboratory reared is a promising host for egg parasitoids multiplication when compared with N. viridula collected in the field. (author)

An annotated checklist of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of Saint Lucia, Lesser Antilles .

Science.gov (United States)

Malumphy, Chris

2014-07-31

An annotated list of 83 scale insect species (Hemiptera: Sterorrhyncha: Coccoidea) recorded from Saint Lucia is presented, based on data gathered from UK quarantine interceptions, samples collected in an urban coastal habitat in the North West of the Island in 2013, and published records. Thirty-three species (40%) are recorded for the first time for the country, including Dysmicoccus joannesiae (Costa Lima), a South American mealybug, and Poliaspoides formosana (Takahashi), an Asian armoured scale insect pest of bamboo, which are new for the Caribbean region. The economic, environmental and social impacts caused by introduced exotic species of scale insect are discussed. Two predatory midges Diadiplosis ?coccidivora (Felt) and Diadiplosis multifila (Felt) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) are recorded for the first time from Saint Lucia. The latter species was observed causing 90% mortality of a large infestation of passion vine mealybug Planococcus minor (Maskell) on soursop fruit. 

EVALUACIÓN DE RESULTADOS QUIRÚRGICOS DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DEL PACIENTE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dra. Claudia R Albornoz G

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Medir la calidad de vida relacionada a salud y los síntomas de los pacientes es un problema difícil. Las medición de los problemas de salud mediante escalas o cuestionarios se ha desarrollado para crear los Instrumentos de Evaluación desde la Perspectiva del Paciente o PRO's por su nombre en inglés: Patient-reported outcomes. Los PROs evalúan la calidad de vida en forma genérica o específica en un continuo, entregando instrumentos que pueden evaluar la gravedad de una enfermedad o el impacto de una intervención desde la perspectiva del paciente en frecuentes escenarios clínicos. El objetivo de la presente revisión es entregar a clínicos e investigadores una introducción hacia los PROs y resumir sus principales propiedades.

La construcción política de los pueblos desde el posicionamiento moderno

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gerardo Lépore

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Kant y Rawls representan el pensamiento moderno erigido desde la racionalidad. Los pueblos y los ciudadanos de este mundo se construyen políticamente desde una serie de leyes que definen nuestra condición como sujetos. Esa arquitectura política está en crisis, puesta en tela de juicio por los relativismos actuales. La concepción liberal supone la paz de los pueblos como naturaleza propia. Sostener dicha posición implica el desafío utópico y realista que nos compromete como humanos.

Migración interna indígena desde el Istmo veracruzano: nuevas articulaciones regionales

OpenAIRE

Velázquez-Hernández, Emilia

2013-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las nuevas articulaciones regionales que se crean a través de las migraciones internas. Para ello, se toma como estudio de caso las migraciones que desde mediados de la década de 1990 se realizan desde el Istmo veracruzano hacia la frontera norte de México y los campos de agricultura intensiva de Sinaloa. Se muestra que, a través de la migración laboral de trabajadores nahuas y popolucas de la Sierra de Santa Marta, regiones antes inconexas se articulan...

A new iranian species of Uroleucon Mordvilko, 1914 (Hemiptera, Aphididae from specimens in the Natural History Museum collection

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nieto Nafría, Juan M.

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Uroleucon (Uromelan helichrysi sp. n. (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Aphidinae: Macrosiphini is established from Iranian apterous and alate viviparous females caught on Helichrysum sp. (Asteraceae and preserved in the collection of the Natural History Museum (BMNH in London. The number of setae on the first tarsal segments (5, the number of caudal setae (20 to 28, the presence of abdominal marginal tubercles on abdominal segments 2 to 4, and the size of the cells of the siphuncular reticulation (relatively small allow the new species to be distinguished from other Palaeartic species of the subgenus Uromelan. Blackman and Eastop’s key to apterae on Helichrysum is modified to include the new species. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E2B89D59-05FD-4A9E-AD78-B3C302219A10Se establece la especie Uroleucon helichrysi n. sp. (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Aphidinae: Macrosiphini con la descripción de sus hembras vivíparas ápteras y aladas recogidas en Irán sobre Helichrysum sp. (Asteraceae, conservadas en la colección del Natural History Museum de Londres. La nueva especie se diferencia de otras especies paleárticas del subgénero Uromelan por la cantidad de setas en el primer segmento tarsal (5, la cantidad de setas caudales (20 a 28, por el tamaño de las celdillas de la reticulación cornicular (que son relativamente pequeñas y por la presencia de papilas marginales (presentes en los segmentos abdominales 2 a 4 Se incluye una modificación a la clave de Blackman and Eastop para las ápteras que viven sobre Helichrysum. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E2B89D59-05FD-4A9E-AD78-B3C302219A10

Comparison of Relative Bias, Precision, and Efficiency of Sampling Methods for Natural Enemies of Soybean Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae).

Science.gov (United States)

Bannerman, J A; Costamagna, A C; McCornack, B P; Ragsdale, D W

2015-06-01

Generalist natural enemies play an important role in controlling soybean aphid, Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in North America. Several sampling methods are used to monitor natural enemy populations in soybean, but there has been little work investigating their relative bias, precision, and efficiency. We compare five sampling methods: quadrats, whole-plant counts, sweep-netting, walking transects, and yellow sticky cards to determine the most practical methods for sampling the three most prominent species, which included Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), and Orius insidiosus (Say) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). We show an important time by sampling method interaction indicated by diverging community similarities within and between sampling methods as the growing season progressed. Similarly, correlations between sampling methods for the three most abundant species over multiple time periods indicated differences in relative bias between sampling methods and suggests that bias is not consistent throughout the growing season, particularly for sticky cards and whole-plant samples. Furthermore, we show that sticky cards produce strongly biased capture rates relative to the other four sampling methods. Precision and efficiency differed between sampling methods and sticky cards produced the most precise (but highly biased) results for adult natural enemies, while walking transects and whole-plant counts were the most efficient methods for detecting coccinellids and O. insidiosus, respectively. Based on bias, precision, and efficiency considerations, the most practical sampling methods for monitoring in soybean include walking transects for coccinellid detection and whole-plant counts for detection of small predators like O. insidiosus. Sweep-netting and quadrat samples are also useful for some applications, when efficiency is not paramount. © The Authors 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of

[Triatoma vandae sp.n. of the oliveirai complex from the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae)].

Science.gov (United States)

Carcavallo, Rodolfo U; Jurberg, José; Rocha, Dayse da Silva; Galvao, Cleber; Noireau, François; Lent, Herman

2002-07-01

There are several specific complexes belonging to the genus Triatoma Laporte, 1832, which are generally associated to specific geographic areas. Recent publications have linked the oliveirai complex to ecosystems of Mato Grosso, which are also present in other Brazilian states and even in other bordering countries as eastern Paraguay. The study of the abundant material collected during the last years allowed the description of several new species of the oliveirai complex: T. jurbergi Carcavallo, Galvão Lent, 1998; T. baratai Carcavallo Jurberg, 2000 and T. klugi Carcavallo, Jurberg, Lent Galvão, 2001. Another new species belonging to the same complex is described here as T. vandae sp.n. It originates from the state of Mato Grosso, and has been reared in the insectary of the Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro.

Eye colour as a genetic marker for fertility and fecundity of Triatoma infestans (Klug, 1834 Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pires Herton Helder Rocha

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Eye colour of Triatoma infestans is controlled at a single autosomal locus, with black-eye as the dominant gene and red-eye as the recessive. Inheritance of these characters follows a classical Mendelian system, enabling eye colour to be used as a marker for studies of mating frequency. We found no significant differences in oviposition rates and egg hatching rates irrespective of parental phenotypes. Different mating schedules between red-eye and black-eye parents showed that eye colour did not affect mating competence. Females mated with a single male or with different males together or in succession produced similar numbers of fertile eggs, with the eye colour of the offspring reflecting exposure to the different males. We conclude that although a single mating can provide sufficient sperm for the whole reproductive life of the female, multiple matings can result in balanced assortative sperm usage from the spermatheca.

LA PRODUCCIÓN CIENTÍFICA SOBRE LA FAMILIA EN CHILE: MIRADAS DESDE LA ANTROPOLOGÍA FEMINISTA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Herminia Gonzálvez Torralbo

2013-01-01

Full Text Available A lo largo de este artículo se presenta, en primer lugar, la producción científica sobre la familia en Chile a partir de las categorías género y pa - rentesco. Desde este recorrido teórico respecto a los estudios significativos en este ámbito, se muestran cómo estas categorías son fundamentales para comprender las relaciones de poder de parentesco; en segundo lugar, se hace una propuesta concreta “el trabajo de parentesco para el análisis de las constelaciones familiares desde un enfoque de género” para analizar el género y el parentesco como construcciones sociales de la realidad familiar, todo ello desde la crítica feminista.

Triatoma ryckmani (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in the epiphyte Tillandsia xerographica (Bromeliaceae) in the semiarid region of Guatemala.

Science.gov (United States)

Marroquín, Ricardo; Monroy, Carlota; Jaenson, Thomas G T

2004-05-01

For the first time, the reduviid bug Triatoma ryckmani Zeledón and Ponce (Hemiptera; Reduviidae) was recorded to inhabit the epiphyte Tillandsia xerographica Rohweder (Bromeliaceae) in the semiarid region of Guatemala. These bromeliads grow mainly in drought-resistant trees with rough bark such as Pereskia lychnidiflora (Cactaceae). In our study site, we investigated 30 T. xerographica, and 53 specimens of T. ryckmani were found. Most T. ryckmani (68.5%) were unfed. Ants (Formicidae) were the predominant (92.2%) insect taxon in T. xerographica. Other insects such as Blattidae (3.0%), Reduviidae (T. ryckmani: 2.5%), Blaberidae (2.2%), Gryllidae (0.1%), and Acrididae (0.1%) were recorded in the bromeliads. T. xerographica is illegally commercialized without previous inspection. This may cause accidental introduction of T. ryckmani to houses and to other countries.

El tabaco como reto educativo. una revisión desde una perspectiva sociopedagógica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Agustín Morón Marchena

2001-01-01

Full Text Available El tabaco es la primera causa aislada de mortalidad prematura (de enfermedad evitable, invalidez y muerte prematura. En el marco de la Educación para la Salud, es una cuestión que debe tratarse desde un planteamiento de carácter sociopedagógico –como tantos otros ámbitos de la Promoción de la Salud-, por cuanto: a su consumo tiene efectos muy perjudiciales para la salud, pero debe abordarse desde una perspectiva social, superando la meramente médica. Conlleva aspectos económicos, fiscales, legislativos... b Por otro lado, cada vez somos más conscientes de que la educación es el “arma” más importante par enfrentarse de manera preventiva al consumo del tabaco. Desde esta visión, la prevención del tabaco es, pues, una tarea eminentemente social y comunitaria, y la educación es la herramienta primordial par afrontar este tema. Pero para conocer la realidad del tabaco, hay que conocer todos los aspectos que lo rodean: relevancia e incidencia social, efectos, consecuencias para la salud, datos estadísticos, legislación, fiscalidad, el marco escolar, etc. El artículo pretende, desde un ángulo informativo y divulgativo, acercarnos a estas cuestiones

El clima organizacional en universidades de Bogotá desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Javier Bermudez-Aponte

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación planteó como objetivo caracterizar el clima organizacional de seis universidades, localizadas en la ciudad de Bogotá Distrito Capital (D.C., Colombia, a partir de las percepciones expresadas por algunos de sus estudiantes. La metodología se abordó desde el enfoque cualitativo, con alcance descriptivo, busca comprender el fenómeno objeto de análisis desde la visión de conjunto, las posibilidades de análisis de lo subyacente y el sentido de construcción del objeto. Los hallazgos fueron agrupados en cuatro categorías: académica, socio- afectiva, administrativa y ética. Los resultados evidenciaron, desde la percepción de los estudiantes, que el clima organizacional universitario es el conjunto de factores tangibles (infraestructura, recursos, etc. e intangibles (valores, relaciones interpersonales, situaciones, etc., que se viven a diario en la universidad. La dinámica entre estos factores es bidireccional, es decir, cada uno de ellos puede ser actor u objeto de afectación en relación con otro.

APORTES A LA PROBLEMÁTICA CIENCIA-ESPIRITUALIDAD DESDE EL BUDISMO ZEN

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Arlés Gómez Arévalo

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Como fruto de la reflexión entorno al tema de "ciencia y espiritualidad", se ha venido indagando, en este trabajo investigativo, por las conexiones que se pueden establecer entre el mundo de la ciencia occidental y la espiritualidad oriental. Este trabajo ha sido elaborado desde los presupuestos de la física cuántica y la teoría de la complejidad, en contraste con las antiguas tradiciones espirituales del lejano Oriente, concretamente, por el aporte del budismo zen, ya que desde sus fundamentos teórico-prácticos proporciona elementos básicos en la comprensión de las problemáticas del hombre contemporáneo a nivel del conocimiento, el arte, la ciencia y la espiritualidad. Las eternas preguntas, que han sido explicadas por las antiguas tradiciones espirituales y otras veces por las filosofías convencionales, hoy por hoy conducidas por la mano de científicos altamente reconocidos por la comunidad científica occidental, arrojan resultados tales que pareciera ser que la brecha entre ciencia y espiritualidad, que comenzó desde tiempos remotos, se está cuestionando a la luz de las nuevas teorías de la física cuántica, la teoría sistémica, la psiconeuroinmunología, la neuroteología y muchas otras derivadas de las reflexiones, los experimentos y las tecnologías que se han implementado en los últimos tiempos y que pretenden dar respuesta a los problemas ya planteados.

Aproximación al desarrollo rural desde la nueva ruralidad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luz Adriana Pita-Morales

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El desarrollo rural ha sido objeto de distintas aproximaciones conceptuales, en función del momento socioeconómico espacial imperante; se destacan el estructuralismo y la modernización, que tuvieron influencia desde la década de los cincuenta hasta mediados de la de los sesenta; la dependencia, desde mediados de los años sesenta y hasta el final de los setenta; el neoliberalismo, desde los ochenta; el neoestructuralismo y las estrategias de vida rural, a partir de los noventa (1, y el enfoque territorial (2. La nueva ruralidad, que puede ubicarse en el enfoque de estrategias de vida, ha tenido un amplio desarrollo y estudio en América Latina; con esta orientación se intenta entender la complejidad y la dinámica del espacio rural, que trasciende su tradicional concepción de sector productor y abastecedor de alimentos; dentro de este marco es pertinente su estudio, si se tiene en cuenta que el contexto rural es precisamente el nicho de trabajo de los profesionales del sector agrario. Con esta revisión se pretende contribuir a la construcción del concepto de nueva ruralidad, como herramienta para el análisis del sector rural, a través de la compilación y análisis de los aportes de diferentes autores. Los resultados indican que este enfoque se corresponde con la adaptación de la población rural a fenómenos económicos, sociales y culturales, reconociendo que la multidimensionalidad del espacio rural es una aproximación pertinente que permite comprender e intervenir en los problemas del desarrollo rural.

Migración interna indígena desde el Istmo veracruzano: nuevas articulaciones regionales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emilia Velázquez Hernández

2013-07-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las nuevas articulaciones regionales que se crean a través de las migraciones internas. Para ello, se toma como estudio de caso las migraciones que desde mediados de la década de 1990 se realizan desde el Istmo veracruzano hacia la frontera norte de México y los campos de agricultura intensiva de Sinaloa. Se muestra que, a través de la migración laboral de trabajadores nahuas y popolucas de la Sierra de Santa Marta, regiones antes inconexas se articulan actualmente de manera desigual.

Reflexiones críticas, desde los márgenes, sobre la producción de conocimientos para una acción transformadora

OpenAIRE

Juan Carlos Gimeno Martín

2012-01-01

Desde la perplejidad de un académico que habita una Europa en crisis, en este artículo se exploran, en forma de conversación, algunas perspectivas críticas que se han ido consolidando en América Latina sobre el mundo en que vivimos y sobre lo que nos ha traído hasta él, reivindicando la producción del conocimiento desde los márgenes, desde las fronteras, desde los sujetos negados por la “historia”. El enfoque utilizado, que valora la existencia, la resistencia, las luchas de mujeres y hombres...

Milkweed (Gentianales: Apocynaceae): a farmscape resource for increasing parasitism of stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and providing nectar to insect pollinators and monarch butterflies.

Science.gov (United States)

Tillman, P G; Carpenter, J E

2014-04-01

In peanut-cotton farmscapes in Georgia, the stink bugs Nezara viridula (L.) and Chinavia hilaris (Say) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and the leaffooted bug, Leptoglossus phyllopus (L.) (Hemiptera: Coreidae), disperse at crop-to-crop interfaces to feed on bolls in cotton. The main objective of this study was to determine whether insecticide-free tropical milkweed (Asclepias curassavica L.), a nectar-producing plant, can increase parasitism of these bugs by Trichopoda pennipes (F.) (Diptera: Tachinidae) and provide nectar to monarch butterflies and insect pollinators in these farmscapes. Peanut-cotton plots with and without flowering milkweed plants were established in 2009 and 2010. Adult T. pennipes, monarch butterflies, honey bees, and native insect pollinators readily fed on floral nectar of milkweed. Monarch larvae feeding on milkweed vegetation successfully developed into pupae. In 2009, N. viridula was the primary host of T. pennipes in cotton, and parasitism of this pest by the parasitoid was significantly higher in milkweed cotton (61.6%) than in control cotton (13.3%). In 2010, parasitism of N. viridula, C. hilaris, and L. phyllopus by T. pennipes was significantly higher in milkweed cotton (24.0%) than in control cotton (1.1%). For both years of the study, these treatment differences were not owing to a response by the parasitoid to differences in host density, because density of hosts was not significantly different between treatments. In conclusion, incorporation of milkweed in peanut-cotton plots increased stink bug parasitism in cotton and provided nectar to insect pollinators and monarch butterflies.

Efeito da cobertura vegetal sobre a pérola-da-terra (Hemiptera: Margarodidae na cultura da videira = Effect of cover crops on brazilian ground pearl (Hemiptera: Margarodidae in vineyards

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcos Botton

2010-10-01

Full Text Available O uso da cobertura vegetal em vinhedos é uma prática empregada paraminimizar a erosão e melhorar as qualidades químicas e físicas do solo. Neste trabalho, foi avaliado o efeito de coberturas vegetais sobre a população da pérola-da-terra Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Hemiptera: Margarodidae na cultura da videira. No primeiro experimento, o vinhedo foi mantido sem cobertura vegetal por meio da aplicação trimestral do herbicida glifosato comparado com o uso de vegetação espontânea, durante o ano, de vegetação espontânea, no verão, e de aveia preta no inverno. No segundo experimento foi avaliado o efeito da mucuna-preta (Stizolobium aterrimum cultivada no vinhedo durante o verão comparado com a vegetação espontânea. No primeiro experimento, a população da pérolada-terra nas raízes de plantas de videira foi maior em áreas mantidas sem cobertura vegetal emostrou-se semelhante em áreas onde se manteve a vegetação espontânea, ao longo do ano, e com aveia preta no inverno e vegetação espontânea no verão. A infestação das plantas de videira em áreas onde foi empregada a mucuna-preta durante o verão foi equivalente à da vegetação espontânea. S. aterrimum foi registrada pela primeira vez como hospedeira de E. brasiliensis. The use of cover crops is an important strategy to reduce erosion and improve chemical and physical soil properties. In this work, we evaluate the effect of cover crops to reduce Brazilian ground pearl Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Hemiptera: Margarodidae infestation in vineyards. In the first experiment, glyphosate was sprayed each three months to avoid cover crops. This treatment was compared with naturally occurring vegetation during the year and the use of Avena sativa in the winter. In a second experiment, Stizolobium aterrimum was cultivated during the summer compared with naturally occurringvegetation. Brazilian ground pearl population was higher in glyphosate sprayed areas than where cover

PRODUCCIÓN DE CONOCIMIENTO DESDE LOS POSGRADOS: UN PANORAMA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alejandro Sánchez Lopera

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo buscó poner en tensión la relación entre programas de posgrado en ciencias sociales de carácter disciplinar y transdisciplinar, tanto en Colombia como en América Latina, a través de la pregunta por la producción de conocimiento y por algunos de los efectos sociales del discurso producido desde las universidades.

Unaspis lansivora sp. n. (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), a new pest of Lansium domesticum (Meliaceae), and a key to Unaspis species.

Science.gov (United States)

Watson, Gillian W

2015-01-13

Since 2004, an undescribed species of Unaspis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) has become a damaging pest on Lansium domesticum Corrêa in the Philippines. Its attack on the leaves causes premature senescence and defoliation, resulting in the production of few, underdeveloped, sour fruit and sometimes killing the trees. The scale was misidentified initially as Lepidosaphes ulmi (Linnaeus) and then as Unaspis citri (Comstock), but further study indicated that it was an undescribed species of potential plant quarantine significance. The pest is described as U. lansivora sp. n. and an identification key to all 19 species of Unaspis is provided. Its distribution, host range and prospects for its biological control are discussed.

El fenómeno de la infoxicación visto desde la neurociencia : ¿Qué hay de nuevo?

OpenAIRE

Orgaz Camacho, Alexandra

2014-01-01

El fenómeno de la infoxicación desde un punto de vista psicológico podemos definirlo como un estado percibido negativo, caracterizado por síntomas de estrés psicológico, alteración del proceso de toma de decisiones y en general pérdida de la capacidad de procesar y utilizar información de manera eficiente. A pesar de que el concepto como tal es de reciente uso, esta descripción de sintomatología ha sido ampliamente estudiada tanto desde la psicología como desde la neurociencia,...

A new species of the genus Mahanarva Distant, 1909 (Hemiptera: Cercopoidea: Cercopidae, with a key to the species from Central America and Mexico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ulises Castro–Valderrama

2018-02-01

Full Text Available The genus Mahanarva Distant, 1909 (Hemiptera: Cercopoidea: Cercopidae currently includes two subgenera: Mahanarva Distant, 1909 with 38 species and six subspecies, and Ipiranga Fennah, 1968 with nine species. The Manaharva species are all from the Americas, and a few species are important pests in pasture grasses and sugarcane. There are no reports of any Manaharva species from North America, including Mexico and areas to the north. Here, a new species is described from Mexico and a key to the species of Mahanarva from Central America and Mexico is proposed.

La prostitución, una mirada desde sus actores

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luisa Fernanda Montoya Restrepo

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo surge de la investigación Aspectos sociales y familiares que conllevan al ejercicio de la prostitución a 14 jóvenes de la ciudad de Medellín, a partir de sus relatos de vida, que en su proceso de generación de información implementó entre otras estrategias, una serie de talleres con población –hombres y mujeres– en ejercicio de la prostitución y con el equipo profesional que les brinda atención psicosocial, como parte del desarrollo del diseño metodológico planteado para la generación de información. Con esta publicación se pretende reflexionar sobre las diferentes concepciones y significados que se le ha dado a la palabra prostitución, estigmatizada no solo desde el imaginario social, sino también desde la religión. Se retoman para ello algunas posturas disciplinares y especialmente las voces de los actores que participaron como fuentes originales en el proceso de investigación; por ende, se realizará un breve recorrido que recoja las connotaciones más comunes de las personas que ejercen cotidianamente la prostitución.

First report of Lecanodiaspis dendrobii Douglas, 1892 (Hemiptera: Lecanodiaspididae and the associated parasitoid Cephaleta sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae in Brazil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

A. L. Marsaro Júnior

Full Text Available Abstract Lecanodiaspis dendrobii Douglas, 1892 (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Lecanodiaspididae and the associated parasitoid Cephaleta sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae are reported for the first time in Brazil. Specimens of this scale insect were collected on branches and stems of Acacia mangium Willd., Leucaena leucocephala (Lam. de Wit (Fabaceae, Morus nigra L. (Moraceae, Citrus reticulata Blanco (Rutaceae, Tectona grandis L. f. (Verbenaceae, Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae, Annona squamosa L. and Xylopia aromatica (Lam. Mart. (Annonaceae, in three municipalities of the Roraima state. All plants here mentioned are recorded for the first time as a host for L. dendrobii. Morphological characters of L. dendrobii and symptoms presented by the host plants infested by this pest are included in this work.

First report of Lecanodiaspis dendrobii Douglas, 1892 (Hemiptera: Lecanodiaspididae) and the associated parasitoid Cephaleta sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) in Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Marsaro Júnior, A L; Peronti, A L B G; Costa, V A; Morais, E G F; Pereira, P R V S

2016-02-01

Lecanodiaspis dendrobii Douglas, 1892 (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Lecanodiaspididae) and the associated parasitoid Cephaleta sp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) are reported for the first time in Brazil. Specimens of this scale insect were collected on branches and stems of Acacia mangium Willd., Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit (Fabaceae), Morus nigra L. (Moraceae), Citrus reticulata Blanco (Rutaceae), Tectona grandis L. f. (Verbenaceae), Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae), Annona squamosa L. and Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart. (Annonaceae), in three municipalities of the Roraima state. All plants here mentioned are recorded for the first time as a host for L. dendrobii. Morphological characters of L. dendrobii and symptoms presented by the host plants infested by this pest are included in this work.

Effects Of Irradiation On Mealybug Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) Infesting On Dragon Fruits

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Doan Thi The; Nguyen Thuy Khanh; Vo Kim Lang; Cao Van Chung; Tran Thien An; Nguyen Hoang Hanh Thi

2011-01-01

Since 2008 APHIS/USDA approved to import dragon fruit into the United States from Vietnam if fruits are treated with the minimum absorbed dose of 400 Gy to control fruit flies and mealybugs. However, a lower dose could be accepted if released data is enough to demonstrate that it is efficient to inhibit the development and stop the reproduction of adult females for three species of mealybugs (Order: Hemiptera; Family: Pseudococcidae) infesting on dragon fruit. Four development stages including 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd instars and adult of Dymicoccus neobrevipes by isolating and rearing in the laboratory conditions were irradiated in Co-60 source gamma with dosages of 100, 200, 300 and 400 Gy. The main purposes of the study are to find the most tolerant stage and to determine the most optimal dose to control D. neobrevipes. The initial obtained results showed that the adult stage is the most radiotolerant and the dose of 200 Gy could be an effective dose to inhibit development and to control reproduction of D. neobrevipes. (author)

Effects of gamma irradiation on different stages of mealybug Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Science.gov (United States)

The, Doan Thi; Khanh, Nguyen Thuy; Lang, Vo Thi Kim; Van Chung, Cao; An, Tran Thi Thien; Thi, Nguyen Hoang Hanh

2012-01-01

Utilization of phytosanitary irradiation as a potential treatment to disinfest agricultural commodities in trade has expanded rapidly in the recent years. Cobalt-60 gamma ray target doses of 100, 150, 200 and 250 Gy were used to irradiate immatures and adults of Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (Beardsley) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) infesting dragon fruits to find the most tolerant stage and the most optimal dose range for quarantine treatment. In general, irradiation affected significantly all life stages of D. neobrevipes mortality and adult reproduction. The pattern of tolerance to irradiation in D. neobrevipes was 1st instars<2nd instars<3rd instars

The foraging behavior of Diaeretiella rapae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae on Diuraphis noxia (Hemiptera: Aphididae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tazerouni Zahra

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Host stage preference, functional response and mutual interference of Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae on Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko (Hemiptera: Aphididae were investigated under defined laboratory conditions (20±1°C; 60±5% relative humidity; 16 h light/8 h dark photoperiod. Nicholson’s model and linear regression were used to determine per capita search-efficiency and the interference coefficient, respectively. There was a significant difference between the rates of parasitism on different stages of D. noxia. The highest parasitism percentage was observed on the third instar nymphs of D. noxia in both choice and no-choice preference tests. Results of logistic regression revealed a type II functional response. The estimated values of search-efficiency (a and handling time (Th were 0.072 h-1 and 0.723 h, respectively. The maximum attack rate was calculated to be 33.22. The per capita search-efficiency decreased from 0.011 to 0.004 (h-1 as parasitoid densities increased from 1 to 8. Therefore, different host-parasitoid ratios can affect the efficacy of D. rapae.

Dose-response relationships of clothianidin, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam to Blissus occiduus (Hemiptera: Blissidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Stamm, M D; Baxendale, F P; Heng-Moss, T M; Siegfried, B D; Blankenship, E E; Gaussoin, R E

2011-02-01

The western chinch bug, Blissus occiduus Barber (Hemiptera: Blissidae), has emerged as a serious pest of buffalograss, Buchlod dactyloides (Nuttall) Engelmann. In general, neonicotinoid insecticides effectively control a variety of turfgrass insects, particularly phloem-feeding pests. However, because of well documented inconsistencies in control, these compounds are generally not recommended for chinch bugs. This study was designed to document the contact and systemic toxicity of three neonicotinoid insecticides (clothianidin, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam) to B. occiduus. In contact bioassays, thiamethoxam was approximately 20-fold less toxic than clothianidin or imidacloprid to B. occiduus nymphs and three-fold more toxic to adults. In adult systemic bioassays, thiamethoxam was up to five-fold more toxic than clothianidin or imidacloprid. Interestingly, thiamethoxam was significantly more toxic to adults than to nymphs in both contact and systemic bioassays. This was not observed with clothianidin or imidacloprid. Bifenthrin, used for comparative purposes, exhibited 1844-fold and 122-fold increase in toxicity to nymphs and adults, respectively. These results provide the first documentation of the relative toxicity of these neonicotinoid insecticides to B. occiduus.

Morphometric comparisons of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) populations from Iran, USA and Pakistan.

Science.gov (United States)

Lashkari, Mohammadreza; Hentz, Matthew G; Boykin, Laura M

2015-01-01

The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), vector of citrus greening disease pathogen, Huanglongbing (HLB), is considered the most serious pest of citrus in the world. Prior molecular based studies have hypothesized a link between the D. citri in Iran and the USA (Florida). The purpose of this study was to collect morphometric data from D. citri populations from Iran (mtCOI haplotype-1), Florida (mtCOI haplotype-1), and Pakistan (mtCOI haplotype-6), to determine whether different mtCOI haplotypes have a relationship to a specific morphometric variation. 240 samples from 6 ACP populations (Iran-Jiroft, Chabahar; Florida-Ft. Pierce, Palm Beach Gardens, Port St. Lucie; and Pakistan-Punjab) were collected for comparison. Measurements of 20 morphological characters were selected, measured and analysed using ANOVA and MANOVA. The results indicate differences among the 6 ACP populations (Wilks' lambda = 0.0376, F = 7.29, P citri species in this study, (1) Iran, (2) USA (Florida) and (3) Pakistan population. Morphometric comparisons provided further resolution to the mtCOI haplotypes and distinguished the Florida and Iranian populations.

El contexto: reflexiones desde siete experiencias locales de educación popular en Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudia Bermúdez Peña

2010-03-01

aparece como dada, de manera que no suele ser objeto de reflexión. Esta situación ha llevado a que se asuma en múltiples formas: desde la descripción a partir de datos estadísticos, datos socio-demográficos, datos geográficos hasta datos históricos o de infraestructura física. Por esta razón, el presente artículo se propone definir contexto como la interpretación del entorno por los diversos actores sociales. Esta manera de entender el contexto se presenta desde seis experiencias locales de educación popular y desarrollo en Colombia

Comparación de la actividad psíquica humana desde una perspectiva evolutiva

OpenAIRE

Rosalía Montealegre

1996-01-01

Se parte de la teoría de la evolución de Darwin y se plantea: l. La acción de lo biológico y lo cultural en el desarrollo, analizada desde la psicología historicocultural, la etología humana, la sociobiología. Al centrarse este trabajo en la posición de la psicología historicocultural, se enfatiza lo cultural y el proceso de asimilación del desarrollo histórico de la sociedad por parte del individuo. 2. La actividad psíquica en primates, analizando lo psíquico desde la psicología ...

Investigar-crear desde la visualidad: los secuædros del viernes santo de Alangasí

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alex Schlenker

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo sistematiza una serie de reflexiones y gestos estéticos surgidos en el marco del proyecto Turbantes, una aproximación transdisciplinar a la dimensión cultural/estética/política de la fiesta del Viernes Santo de Alangasí (Ecuador a la que asistí durante consecutivamente entre 2010 y 2015. Se trata de una celebración que desarrolla, desde sus respectivas especificidades (geográficas/de territorio, sociales y culturales, determinadas estrategias de articulación entre lo religioso/espiritual, lo comunitario, la autoridad religiosa/política, entre otras. Como artista visual e investigador, situado simultáneamente en la práctica artística/cinematográfica y la academia, desarrollé una metodología combinada, útil para revisar la relación arte-cultura. Esto desde la idea de unos estudios artísticos como campo crítico que problematice el mismo concepto de cultura desplegado por la Modernidad-colonialidad, proponiendo rutas de investigación desde el quehacer artístico.

El significado de las actividades acuáticas del bebé desde una perspectiva evolutiva

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gil Pla Campàs

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo pretende profundizar desde una perspectiva evolutiva en el estudio y análisis de las actividades acuáticas del bebé. A partir de aquí, el artículo interpreta desde la óptica filogenética y ontogenética de las actividades acuáticas de los be¬bés qué significado tendrán estas actividades en su desarrollo general. Para alcanzar los objetivos fijados se utiliza un enfoque fenomenológico (Husserl, 1996 que se sustentará conceptualmente en el abordaje filogenético del desarrollo psicomotor de Fonseca (1998. Partiendo de esta estructura, se estudiarán las razones filogenéticas y ontogenéticas que nos pueden significar las actividades acuáticas del bebé a fin de que, en última instancia, y desde la línea más existencial de la fenomenología (Sartre, 1999; Merleau-Ponty, 2000, podamos argumentar la significación evolutiva de estas actividades.

Biology and bionomics of dysdercus koenigii f. (hemiptera: pyrrhocoridae) under laboratory conditions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jaleel, W.; Naqqash, M.N.

2013-01-01

Red Cotton Bug, Dysdercus koenigii F., (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae) is an important pest of cotton in South East Asia. Studies were carried out during 2012 to find the effect of temperature on incubation period and to explore the reproductive biology and bionomics of D. koenigii under laboratory conditions. Minimum incubation period (4.70+-0.42 days) was recorded at 35 degree C while the eggs failed to hatch at 40 degree C at 70-75% relative humidity. There were five nymphal instars which completed their development in 23.42+-2.49 days. The female lived longer (20.85+-6.12 days) than the male (16.18+-6.06 days). Each female mated three times in her life and there was statistically significant difference in mating duration (days), number of eggs laid and hatching percentage in each mating time. Number of eggs and hatching percentage was significantly higher after 1st time mating followed by 2nd and 3rd time matings. Duration of pre-oviposition, oviposition and post oviposition period recorded was 7.47+-0.86, 12.43+-0.82 and 8.77+-2.41 days, respectively. The study will help in devising pest management strategy against D. koenigii. (author)

Phenotypic variation and identification of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in China.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Jing; Watson, Gillian W; Sun, Yang; Tan, Yongan; Xiao, Liubin; Bai, Lixin

2014-05-23

Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is an invasive mealybug that seriously damages cotton and other important crops. In previous studies in China, the presence of two submedian longitudinal lines of pigmented spots on the dorsum of adult females frequently has been used to identify this species. However, the present study records the occasional absence of pigmented spots in a sample from Guangxi province, China. Specimens without pigmented spots showed all the molecular and morphological characters that separate P. solenopsis from the similar species P. solani Ferris, especially the distribution of multilocular disc pores. In different geographic populations of P. solenopsis in China, mitochondrial COI and nuclear 28SrDNA genes are very similar (99.8-100%), indicating that they are conspecific. For COI, the genetic distance between P. solenopsis and P. solani is more than 3%. A map of the distribution of P. solenopsis in China is given. To help identify both pigmented and non-pigmented P. solenopsis accurately, an identification key to the 16 species of Phenacoccus found in China is provided. The key also identifies five potentially invasive Phenacoccus species not yet established in China, in case they get introduced there.

EL ANÁLISIS DE COYUNTURA DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE UNA ECONOMÍA PARA LA VIDA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Henry Mora Jiménez

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Resumen Analizar la coyuntura económica, social y ambiental desde la perspectiva de una economía para la vida exige objetividad científica y un compromiso político con el bien común. Además, no es un análisis desde “lo económico” o desde “lo social”. Se trata de un análisis desde los efectos (directos e indirectos, intencionales y no intencionales que las tendencias hacia la irracionalidad del sistema capitalista provocan sobre el ser humano y el medio ambiente. Hablamos de estos efectos como “desequilibrios”. Desequilibrios en las relaciones humanas, el empleo, la distribución, el consumo, la personalidad, la sustentabilidad ambiental, las amenazas globales o planetarias, etc. En resumen, un análisis que se centra en los efectos de la dinámica socioeconómica en el ser humano y la naturaleza.   Abstract Monitoring the economic, social and environmental conjuncture from a Life Economics perspective requires both, scientific objectivity and a political commitment with the common good. Moreover, it is not an analysis from a particular economic or social view. It is an analysis from the effects (direct, indirect, intentional and non-intentional that irrationality trends of capitalism cause on human being and nature. We talk about these effects as “disequilibriums”. These are disequilibriums in human relationships, employment, income distribution, consumption, personality, development, environment, and global or planetary threats, and so on. As a summary, we suggest an analysis focused on the social dynamic effects upon human being and nature.

Contextualización teórica al tema de las juventudes: una mirada desde las ciencias sociales a la juventud

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sara Victoria Alvarado

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Presentamos una aproximación a las teorías sociológicas contemporáneas desde la temática de las juventudes, a partir de algunos conceptos desde los cuales las ciencias sociales, y la sociología de manera específica, han entendido las dinámicas juveniles. En este articulo resaltamos la esencia problemática y compleja del concepto de juventud, hecho que evidencia su necesario abordaje desde una perspectiva transdisciplinaria que permita delimitar las especificidades de lo juvenil, y con ello una mejor comprensión de sus mundos de vida, que no conlleven necesariamente la adopción de miradas panópticas como únicas formas de abordaje. Se estudian las dinámicas juveniles entre la proscripción social y la anticipación moral, y las formas de comprensión del sujeto joven, desde el adultocentrismo (considerado como la hegemonía de la interpretación del mundo desde la postura del sujeto adulto/masculino/occidental, el tiempo panóptico (como alusión a la intención de las sociedades del control y autocontrol, de poder vigilar los cursos vitales de los sujetos, operando para ello desde la particularización de momentos en sus vidas, tendiente a la atomización del ¿espacio-tiempo vital¿ en relación con el mundo social y su condición de cronotopo, es decir, de su capacidad constructora de espacios vitales.

Economía del turismo : Un enfoque desde la teoría del comercio internacional

OpenAIRE

Porto, Natalia

2004-01-01

Desde sus inicios y por largo tiempo, la teoría del comercio internacional estuvo centrada en la explicación de los flujos de comercio de bienes entre países. Al mismo tiempo, la política económica también se ha ocupado de esta problemática. Desde la teoría de la ventaja comparativa de Ricardo a principios del siglo XIX y los modelos de dotaciones factoriales de Heckscher y Ohlin a principios del siglo XX hasta la integración de la competencia imperfecta en la teoría del comercio a fines del ...

A new mealybug in the genus Pseudococcus Westwood (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) from North America, with a key to species of Pseudococcus from the New World.

Science.gov (United States)

Ellenrieder, Natalia Von; Watson, Gillian

2016-04-19

A mealybug species that feeds on Agave spp., Pseudococcus variabilis sp. n. (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae), is described from North America. Its entry into the United States was likely via the horticultural trade on its host plants in the genus Agave (Liliales: Agavaceae). Descriptions and illustrations of the adult female and male, diagnosis from congeners in the New World, and a molecular characterization based on COI are provided, as well as a key to adult females of all Pseudococcus species recorded from the New World.

Duração do período ninfal e sobrevivência do predador Podisus connexivus Bergroth (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, em três presas alternativas Ninfal period duration and survival of the predator Podisus connexivus Bergroth (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae, in three alternative preys

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Cola Zanuncio

1993-01-01

Full Text Available Longevity and survival of the predator Podisus connexivus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae were studied in three alternative preys: T1 - Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera, Bombycidae catterpilars; T2 - Musca domestica (Diptera, Muscidae larva and T3 - Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae larva. Longevity and survival were: 22,1±0,6 days and 54,3±5,3%; 25,2±1,3 days and 56,0±4,9% and 22,0±0,8 days and 34,6±8,6%, for treatments T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Comparing to other researches, a lower survival was found. This is probably because a F2 generation from field material, was used. Since the insect was not well adapted to the laboratory conditions this could have led to lower survival.

La búsqueda de justicia desde los microespacios de la política: organizaciones de mujeres desplazadas en Colombia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Britto Ruiz, D.A.

2012-01-01

‘La búsqueda de justicia desde los microespacios de la política: organizaciones de mujeres desplazadas en Colombia’ es una investigación que ha explorado el proceso organizativo de las mujeres en situación de desplazamiento forzado en Colombia, desde un amplio espectro que incluye el análisis de la

Algunas reflexiones desde la Psicología

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Valeria Llobet

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Se presenta una reflexión sobre la institucionalización de políticas de ampliación de derechos para la infancia en situación de vulnerabilidad, desde la perspectiva de considerar la interioridad institucional como el espacio en el que los postulados de las políticas públicas encuentran su concreción. De este modo, se propone aquí una modalidad analítica que incluye dimensiones raramente puestas en juego para pensar las políticas para la infancia en su especificidad. Es utilizado para ello un recorrido teórico que articula los problemas de la representación y el cuidado para cuestionar las prácticas cuyo objetivo es concretar la ciudadanía infantil. La particularidad de las políticas para la infancia, es que en todos los casos se despliegan articulando significaciones y representaciones que configuran a los niños y niñas, con quienes tratan como casos (sociales, psicológicos, en riesgo, y consideran la desigualdad y la asimetría como naturales y objetivas. Por lo tanto, no son cuestionadas como obstáculos para la consecución de objetivos de ampliación de derechos. El análisis se desarrolla con base en la experiencia argentina, en particular en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires desde finales de los años 90. Intenta contribuir al debate relativo a los obstáculos específicos con que lidiará toda política pública basada en la Convención Internacional de Derechos del Niño (CDN para avanzar en la concreción de derechos de la infancia en situación de extrema vulnerabilidad.

A preliminary molecular phylogeny of planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nan Song

Full Text Available The planthopper superfamily Fulgoroidea (Insecta: Hemiptera is one of the most dominant groups of phytophagous insects. It comprises about 20 families, containing a total of 9000 species worldwide. Despite several recent studies, the phylogeny of Fulgoroidea is not yet satisfactorily resolved and the phylogenetic positions of several key families, especially Cixiidae, Delphacidae, Tettigometridae, Nogodinidae, Acanaloniidae and Issidae, are contentious. Here, we expand upon recent phylogenetic work using additional nuclear (18S and 28S and novel mitochondrial (16S and cytb markers. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses yielded robust phylogenetic trees. In these topologies, a group containing Cixiidae and Delphacidae is recovered as the sister group to the remaining taxa. Tettigometridae is placed in a more nested position and is grouped with Caliscelidae. Sister relationships are found between Flatidae and Ricaniidae, and between Dictyopharidae and Fulgoridae. Nogodinidae and Issidae are confirmed to be non-monophyletic families. For major nodes of interest, divergence date estimates are generally older than those from the fossil record.

Phytoreovirus-like sequences isolated from salivary glands of the glassy-winged sharpshooter Homolodisca vitripennis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Katsar, C.S.; Hunter, W.B.; Sinisterra, X.H.

2007-01-01

The salivary glands of the Glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS), Homalodisca vitripennis Germar 1821, (syn. H. coagulata, Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) were collected and used to produce a cDNA library. Examination by BLASTX analyses identified 2 viral sequences, one a 610-base pair fragment and a second 839-base pair fragment, both of which had significant homology to viruses within the genus Phytoreovirus. Resequencing of the fragments confirmed sequence validities. These sequences were used for in silico protein translation and BLASTP analysis confirming the established homology. While the GWSS is the primary vector of Pierce's disease of grapes, this is the first report that GWSS may be a vector of a phytoreoviruses. Phylogenetic and homology comparisons with BLASTX, BLASTP, and PAUP analyses indicated that the viral sequences isolated from GWSS were closely related to the viruses in the Family Reoviridae, Genus Phytoreovirus, specifically Rice Dwarf Phytoreovirus (RDV). RDV is the only plant reovirus that is not limited to the phloem. Phytoreoviruses are transmitted in a propagative manner by cicadellid leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), which acquire and transmit them during feeding. Phytoreoviruses have been reported from Agallian, Agalliopsis, Nephotettix, and Recilia, genera of leafhoppers, with evidence for transovarial transmission. The GWSS, although considered to feed primarily from the xylem, ingests from other plant tissues, such as the phloem and mesophyll during probing similar to other leafhoppers. The feeding behavior and wide host range of the GWSS provides an overlapping condition for these two organisms, leafhopper and virus. GWSS will feed from grasses as a transitory host, and on herbaceous and woody plants as primary hosts, which may favor the acquisition and transmission of Phytoreovirus by this leafhopper. Monitoring for an increase of Phytoreovirus spread in graminaceous crops that are in proximity to vineyards or tree crop orchards, where

REPRODUÇÃO DE Edessa meditabunda (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE EM ALGODOEIRO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosalia Azambuja

2015-05-01

Full Text Available O percevejo-asa-preta-da-soja Edessa meditabunda (Fabricius (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae no final do ciclo da soja dispersa para algodoeiro e utiliza essa planta como hospedeiro alternativo. Visando conhecer o potencial desta espécie como praga em algodoais e auxiliar na tomada decisão quanto ao manejo deste inseto, hipotetizou-se nesse trabalho que o algodoeiro é nutricionalmente adequado para a reprodução e desenvolvimento de E. meditabunda. Os tratamentos testados foram: 1 folhas e maçã de algodoeiro e 2 dieta padrão, recomendada para criação de pentatomídeos fitófagos em laboratório, utilizada como testemunha. As características biológicas avaliadas foram: período de desenvolvimento ninfal, duração de cada ínstar, porcentagem de sobrevivência, peso dos adultos na emergência, longevidade de machos e de fêmeas, período de pré-oviposição e de oviposição, número total de ovos por fêmea e fecundidade das fêmeas. Observou-se que, apesar do prolongamento do período de desenvolvimento ninfal, as ninfas alimentadas com algodoeiro sobreviveram, atingiram a fase adulta e os adultos se reproduziram, o que nos permite sugerir que o algodoeiro seja uma planta nutricionalmente adequada para o desenvolvimento e reprodução de E. meditabunda, permitindo a manutenção do inseto em campo após a colheita da soja.  RESUMO El chinche Edessa meditabunda (Fabricius (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae al final del ciclo de la soja emigra al cultivo de algodón y utiliza esta planta como un huésped alternativo. Con el objetivo de conocer el potencial de esta especie como una plaga en los algodonales y ayudar en la toma de decisiones con respecto al manejo de este insecto, se planteó la hipótesis en este estudio que el algodón y nutritiva, adecuada para la reproducción y el desarrollo de E. meditabunda. Los tratamientos fueron:1 las hojas y el fruto del algodón 2 dieta estándar recomendada para la cría de pentatomidos fitófagos en el

La narrativa psicopatológica desde el enfoque de la complejidad. The psychopathology narration since the complexity focus.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leonardo Yovany Álvarez Ramírez, Psicól*

2011-01-01

Full Text Available En la posmodernidad, el lenguaje y la narrativa se constituyeron en la base de la intervención psicoterapéutica, sin embargo las relaciones entre estos y la manera como los individuos estructuran y definen sus actos, creencias, sentimientos e interacciones se ha hecho desde un enfoque basado en valores de armonía, predicción y perfección propios de las ciencias modernas. El objetivo de este trabajo es señalar cómo la realidad desde la cual los individuos construyen su salud emocional puede entenderse desde estos valores pero también y al mismo tiempo, desde sus contrarios al plantear que su realidad personal y social implica la contradicción, la borrosidad, la impredicción, la incertidumbre (elementos del enfoque de la complejidad. Se utiliza el análisis hermenéutico mediante el cual se concluye que la salud mental basada en la intervención desde lo narrativo implica considerar el comportamiento individual y social como realidad compleja. [Álvarez LY. La narrativa psicopatológica desde el enfoque de la complejidad. MedUNAB 2011; 14:103-107].______________________________________________________________________In postmodern age, the language and the narration have become into the base of the psychotherapeutic intervention, however, the relationships between them and the way, individuals structure and define their behaviors, beliefs, feelings and interactions has been done since a focus based on values of harmony, prediction and perfection, which belong to modern sciences. The objective of this work is positing how the reality since the people builds their emotional health should be understand from another and complementary values like contradiction, blurring, impredictiveness, uncertainty (complexity model components. Hermeneutic is used to the analysis through it is concluded that mental health intervention from a narration intervention implies reckoning the individual´s behavior as a complex reality. [Álvarez LY. The

Editorial Mercadotecnia Latinoamericana desde una perspectiva de México

OpenAIRE

Thel Augusto Monteiro; Emigdio Larios-Gómez

2017-01-01

La presente Edición Especial: Mercadotecnia Latinoamericana desde una perspectiva de México, es un esfuerzo de investigadores de diferentes universidades reconocidos por sus aportaciones científicas sobre Mercadotecnia en México. Las comunicaciones esta edición describen las Estrategias de Mercadotecnia y su Aplicación en México, está estructurada en ocho aportaciones científicas representan el quehacer académico y de investigación diario de la mercadotecnia, tratando temas de frontera relaci...

El VIH desde una perspectiva de Salud Global

OpenAIRE

Velasco Muñoz, César

2016-01-01

[spa] El VIH es un reto de salud global que impacta en salud de las poblaciones y cuyas consecuencias socioeconómicas presentan un desafío para la continuidad de cuidados de las personas que viven con VIH. A finales de 2014 había 36,9 millones de personas infectadas por el VIH en todo el mundo, dos millones de las cuales se habían infectado ese mismo año. El abordaje de la epidemia de VIH desde la Salud Global implica la investigación transnacional cooperativa y la acción para la promoción de...

El barroco visto desde la historia intelectual japonesa

OpenAIRE

Falero Folgoso, Alfonso

2004-01-01

[ES] El término "barroco" en la historia cultural e intelectual japonesa es importado desde la lexicología europea. Por tanto más allá de posibles fenómenos estéticos paralelos que puedan haberse dado en los siglos XVII-XVIII en Japón, y en particular la historia del teatro kabuki o de la arquitectura de Nikko, este ensayo hace una revisión semiótica del uso del término "barroco" en los discursos que configuran la intelectualidad japonesa del siglo XX, y explora la heterogeneidad de su incide...

Morphological Studies on the Triatoma brasiliensis Neiva, 1911 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae Genital Structures and Eggs of Different Chromatic Forms

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jane Costa

1997-07-01

Full Text Available Triatoma brasiliensis is considered one of the most important Chagas disease vectors being a widespread species in semiarid areas of northeastern Brazil. The species displays distinct chromatic patterns of the cuticle in different localities. Four populations were analyzed in this study: 1-Caicó, Rio Grande do Norte, it will be called the brasiliensis population; 2-Espinosa, Minas Gerais, the melanica population; 3-Petrolina, Pernambuco, the macromelasoma population, and 4-Juazeiro, Bahia, the darker one in overall cuticle coloration, the Juazeiro population. In order to differentiate the four populations of T. brasiliensis, a comparative morphological analysis of external genital structures and of eggs were carried out. The analysis of the male genital structures evidenced minor individual structural variations that did not correlate with chromatic differences or the geographical origins, emphasizing the importance of examining sufficiently large and representative samples before using minor genital variations for taxonomic diagnosis. By scanning electron microscopy of the egg exochorion, each chromatic population presented a distinct ornamentation pattern. The melanica population differed mainly from the other populations studied since it had about 40.6%, 69.6% and 76.6% more perforations, on each cell exochorion, than the brasiliensis, the Juazeiro and the macromelasoma populations respectively. In the melanica population the perforation layout is also peculiar, with densely distributed perforations over all the egg surface. Morphometric measures of the eggs showed statistically significant differences: the macromelasoma population presented the longest length (2.43 mm while the shortest was recorded in the brasiliensis population (2.29 mm.

DAMPAK APLIKASI INSEKTISIDA PERMETRIN TERHADAP HAMA PENGISAP BIJAIJ HELOPELTIS SPP. (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE DAN ARTROPODA NON-TARGET PADA PERTANAMAN KAKAO (THEOBROMA CACAO L.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rosma Hasibuan

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Impact of Permethrin-Insecticide Application on Mirid Pest of Cocoa Helopeltis spp. (Hemiptera: Miridae and on Non-target  Arthropods in Cocoa Plantations (Theobroma cacao L.. Cocoa mirid bugs, Helopeltis spp., (Hemiptera: Miridae are the most important pest of cocoa in Indonesia. A field study was conducted to investigate the effect of permethrin on cocoa mirids and non-target arthropods at a cocoa plantation in specific place. A randomized complete block design was used in which each of four blocks consisted of 5 treatments (4 concentrations of permethrin; 50; 100; 200; and 250 ppm and control. The results indicated that the application of permethrin significantly increased the cocoa mirids mortaliiy throughout all sprayed cocoa trees (up to 100% 72 h after application. Even at 1 h after application, the percentage of Cocoa mirids mortality 29.2% - 53.9% on cocoa trees sprayed with permethrin at concentrations of 50 - 250 ppm was significantly higher than that on control plant (3.6%. At 72 h after treatments, application of permethrin at concentrations of 200 and 250 ppm caused a complete kill (mortalty of 100% in the test mirids. Meanwhile, ground cloths caught at least 22 fanilies of abore-ground arthropods that were found killed by permethrin applications. Moreover, the number of non-target arthropods killed by permethrin at concentrations of 100 - 250 ppm (27.3 - 85.3 individuals/ground cloth were signifcantly higher than that on control trees. These results demonstrated that despite high efficacy of permethrin in controlling of cocoa mirids (Hetopeltis spp., its application also had adverse effects on non-target arthropods incocoa plantations.

Análisis del espacio y el transnacionalismo. Una visión desde la geografía: el caso Morelos (México)-Minnesota (EE. UU.)

OpenAIRE

Pardo Montaño, Ana Melisa

2012-01-01

La migración internacional ha sido estudiada desde distintas disciplinas, siendo uno de los aportes más recientes el análisis desde el transnacionalismo, en cuya discusión la geografía ha presentado contribuciones importantes. En este escrito se busca resaltar la importancia del espacio desde la geografía, analizando cómo este es modificado por la migración en el caso particular de los flujos Morelos (México)-Minnesota (EE. UU.). Primero se analizará el espacio desde el componente geográfico;...

Determinación de la capacidad de transmisión de fitoplasmas en dos morfoespecies de la familia Cicadellidae (Hemiptera: Auchenorryncha) de Bogotá D.C.

OpenAIRE

Perilla Henao, Laura Margarita

2013-01-01

Los fitoplasmas son bacterias fitopatógenas que carecen de pared celular, especializadas en la colonización intracelular del floema de plantas, son transmitidos por insectos vectores del suborden Auchenorryncha (Hemiptera) y están entre los seres vivos con menor tamaño. Los fitoplasmas forman un grupo monofilético en la clase Mollicutes que causan alteraciones morfológicas y fisiológicas en plantas ornamentales, hortícolas, maderables, frutales y cultivos en todo el mundo. No existen métodos...

La pena de muerte desde la bioética y los derechos humanos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Octavio Márquez Mendoza

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Se ofrece una reflexión de la pena de muerte, que parte de premisas esenciales desde la bioética y los derechos humanos. Se plantean algunas generalidades de esta disciplina, dado que orientan a un cuestionamiento respecto al aporte de la ciencia y la tecnología para llevar a cabo “ejecuciones más humanas”. Enseguida se recurre a los conceptos de vida, persona y dignidad para enmarcar el argumento en los derechos humanos. Se retoman algunas sentencias de documentos internacionales apelando a un desarrollo del hombre desde la ética: la práctica de la pena máxima, por el contrario, lo retiene. Así pues, se anticipa que lo humano nunca se hallará en la aniquilación de su propio género.

Lo escrito desde el análisis del discurso

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Cassany

2013-09-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este artículo es sintetizar las principales aportacionesque se han realizado desde el ámbito lingüístico (pragmática,análisis del discurso, lingüística del texto, sociolingüística; ver Lavandera1985 y etnográfico {estudio de comunidades orales y escritas;ver Saville-Troike 1989, para orientar tanto la tarea investigadoradel linguista y del psicopedagogo de la lectoescritura como laactividad didáctica del docente en el aula.

Weed hosts of cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Vennila, S; Prasad, Y G; Prabhakar, M; Agarwal, Meenu; Sreedevi, G; Bambawale, O M

2013-03-01

The exotic cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) invaded India during 2006, and caused widespread infestation across all nine cotton growing states. P. solenopsis also infested weeds that aided its faster spread and increased severity across cotton fields. Two year survey carried out to document host plants of P. solenopsis between 2008 and 2010 revealed 27, 83, 59 and 108 weeds belonging to 8, 18, 10 and 32 families serving as alternate hosts at North, Central, South and All India cotton growing zones, respectively. Plant species of four families viz., Asteraceae, Amaranthaceae, Malvaceae and Lamiaceae constituted almost 50% of the weed hosts. While 39 weed species supported P. solenopsis multiplication during the cotton season, 37 were hosts during off season. Higher number of weeds as off season hosts (17) outnumbering cotton season (13) at Central over other zones indicated the strong carryover of the pest aided by weeds between two cotton seasons. Six, two and seven weed hosts had the extreme severity of Grade 4 during cotton, off and cotton + off seasons, respectively. Higher number of weed hosts of P. solenopsis were located at roadside: South (12) > Central (8) > North (3) zones. Commonality of weed hosts was higher between C+S zones, while no weed host was common between N+S zones. Paper furnishes the wide range of weed hosts of P. solenopsis, discusses their significance, and formulated general and specific cultural management strategies for nationwide implementation to prevent its outbreaks.

How will Mahanarva spectabilis (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) Respond to Global Warming?

Science.gov (United States)

Fonseca, M G; Auad, A M; Resende, T T; Hott, M C; Borges, C A V

2016-01-01

The aim of this study was to determine the favorable constant temperature range for Mahanarva spectabilis(Distant) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) development as well as to generate geographic distribution maps of this insect pest for future climate scenarios. M. spectabilis eggs were reared on two host plants (Brachiaria ruziziensis(Germain and Edvard) and Pennisetum purpureum(Schumach)), with individual plants kept at temperatures of 16, 20, 24, 28, and 32 °C. Nymphal stage duration, nymphal survival, adult longevity, and egg production were recorded for each temperature*host plant combination. Using the favorable temperature ranges for M. spectabilis development, it was possible to generate geographic distribution. Nymphal survival was highest at 24.4 °C, with estimates of 44 and 8% on Pennisetum and Brachiaria, respectively. Nymphal stage duration was greater on Brachiaria than on Pennisetum at 20 and 24 °C but equal at 28 °C. Egg production was higher on Pennisetum at 24 and 28 °C than at 20 °C, and adult longevity on Pennisetum was higher at 28 °C than at 20 °C, whereas adult longevity at 24 °C did not differ from that at 20 and 28 °C. With these results, it was possible to predict a reduction in M. spectabilis densities in most regions of Brazil in future climate scenarios. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of America.

El Sistema Integral de Desarrollo Profesional Educativo (SíPROFE): Una mirada desde los involucrados en el sistema

OpenAIRE

Portaluppi Castro, Carolina

2012-01-01

El estudio aborda la calidad del Sistema Nacional de Desarrollo Profesional Educativo -SíPROFE- desde la perspectiva de los actores involucrados y sus distintos roles: decisor político, decisor técnico, operador de la política en el territorio, experto, instructor y docentes participantes que ejercen su práctica en contextos urbanos y rurales del cantón Guayaquil. Se trata de un estudio exploratorio y cualitativo desde la mirada de la teoría fundamentada en los datos (TFD) cuyo instrumento pr...

UNA MIRADA DESDE EL GENERO AL DISCURSO DE JUECES/ZAS Y OTROS ACTORES DEL SISTEMA PROCESAL PENAL

OpenAIRE

SILVA J., PAULA; SILVA J., PAULA

2007-01-01

El presente documento tiene por finalidad presentar el trabajo de tesis para magíster, denominada "Una Mirada desde el Género al Discurso de Jueces/zas y otros Actores del Sistema Procesal Penal' E/interés por el tema en cuestión se remite a anteriores investigaciones realizadas a lo largo de tiempo, las cuales desde una perspectiva de género, han estado vinculadas con el consumo de drogas y delictualidad, criminalidad y mundo intrapenitenciario, sexualidad de las mujeres intramuros, y fin...

Educación musical en la etapa de educación infantil desde una perspectiva intercultural

OpenAIRE

Martín Sánchez, Blanca

2013-01-01

Debido al incremento de población extranjera en nuestro país en los últimos años, la educación ha tenido que transformarse, adaptándose a los cambios en la sociedad, para ofrecer la mejor oferta educativa e integrar a todo el alumnado. Esta respuesta se basa en la Educación Intercultural, en la necesidad de fomentar la interculturalidad desde las diferentes áreas de Educación Infantil. En nuestro caso, nuestro interés se ha enfocado en trabajar la Educación Intercultural desde el área de músi...

EDUCACIÓN Y SOCIEDAD: APUNTES PARA UNA APROXIMACIÓN A LA PRAXIS EDUCATIVA DESDE EL MARXISMO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Carlos Morales Zúñiga

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo realiza un análisis sobre el fenómeno educativo desde la perspectiva marxista, con el propósito de observar las principales tesis que se han planteado desde el aparato teórico-metodológico marxista sobre la praxis educativa y sobre el sistema educativo. Por otro lado se analizan elementos como el rol docente, los libros de texto y los programas de estudio, como factores que actúan en el proceso de transposición ideológica en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje.

First record of Pulvinaria urbicola Cockerell (Hemiptera: Coccidae) from India, with a key to the Indian species of Pulvinaria Targioni Tozzetti.

Science.gov (United States)

Joshi, Sunil

2017-02-23

The notoriously destructive and invasive soft scale, Pulvinaria urbicola Cockerell (Hemiptera: Coccidae), is recorded for the first time from India. This scale, with variable morphological appearance and similarities with other known scales of the same genus established in India, is redescribed to facilitate its identification and separation from other similar species. Information on its host range, natural enemies and distribution is provided. Management options in the event of an outbreak are discussed briefly. A key to the species of Pulvinaria Targioni Tozzetti in India is also provided. This new arrival warrants special attention in India as it is a potentially damaging plant pest and has a broad host range across many plant families.

New data on polymorphism of the meadow spittlebug Philaenus spumarius (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) from the island of São Miguel (Azores).

Science.gov (United States)

Borges, Paulo A V; Rodrigues, Ana S B; Silva, Sara E; Seabra, Sofia G; Paulo, OctÁvio S; Quartau, JosÉ A

2018-01-02

The meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius (L.) (Hemiptera, Aphrophoridae) is a widespread insect species in the Holarctic region, exhibiting a dorsal colour balanced polymorphism. In the Azores the species is known from high elevations in Terceira and São Miguel islands. A sample of 235 individuals from Pico da Vara and Graminhais protected areas (São Miguel, Azores) (between 645 and 935 m a.s.l.), collected in 2000 and 2017, showed a remarkable high frequency of the melanic morphs flavicollis (FLA) and quadrimaculatus (QUA). In addition, a high frequency of melanics was observed in males. We explore the hypotheses for the origin of Azorean colonization and for the high proportion of melanism in the Azorean populations.

Atividade de buprofezin sobre a cigarrinha verde do feijoeiro Empoasca kraemeri (Ross & Moore, 1957) (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae) em condições de laboratório

OpenAIRE

Moreno,Paulo Rogério; Nakano,Octávio

2002-01-01

A espécie Empoasca kraemeri é uma importante praga para a cultura do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) em toda a América Latina, sendo necessário recorrer ao controle químico quando a praga atinge alta população. Neste trabalho, foi estudado o efeito do inseticida buprofezin sobre ninfas de primeiro instar de Empoasca kraemeri (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae), sob condições de laboratório. Esta fase da praga mostrou-se altamente susceptível ao inseticida, sendo a CL50 estimada de 0,112 mg L-1. Em ou...

La memoria educativa como oportunidad de Servicio Comunitario desde la Escuela de Educación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Enrique Silva

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Se pretende mostrar, a través de un ejemplo concreto, la factibilidad de integrar la práctica del Servicio Comunitario de los estudiantes de Educación Superior con el trabajo que se adelanta desde una línea de investigación en el campo de la historia de la educación en Venezuela. Para ello, se revisa la acción realizada en el Proyecto de Servicio Comunitario Patrimonio y Memoria Educativa desde la perspectiva de trabajo teórico y metodológico, con la finalidad de recuperar, reconstruir e interpretar las ideas y prácticas en torno a la educación como asunto escolar y social, con el objeto que las comunidades en general y las comunidades educativas en particular se reconozcan en su proceso constitutivo de acción formativa. En este sentido, los estudiantes que participan de estos proyectos tienen la oportunidad de insertarse en actividades de servicio comunitario ancladas en la investigación e investigación - acción del proceso educativo en su perspectiva histórica y a nivel local. Esta actividad de Servicio Comunitario es extensión de lo que hemos venido desarrollando desde diversos Centros Regionales de la Escuela de Educación: y desde la línea de investigación Memoria Educativa Venezolana en interacción con el Archivo General de la Nación. Como resultado del servicio, además de fortalecer las competencias pedagógicas del estudiante, se han desarrollado talleres, conferencias sobre los resultados de tema y se han dispuesto herramientas para el trabajo del patrimonio y la memoria educativa a nivel local.

Life History of the Camelthorn Gall Leafhopper, Scenergates viridis (Vilbaste (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roman Rakitov

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The world’s only member of Hemiptera Auchenorrhyncha known to form true galls, the leafhopper Scenergates viridis (Vilbaste (Cicadellidae, transforms leaves of camelthorn (Alhagi maurorum Medikus, Fabaceae into pod-like chambers, up to 35 mm long, inside which individual leafhoppers develop, mate, and lay eggs. At the study site 40 km SE of Bukhara (Uzbekistan, two generations develop annually. First-instar nymphs cause young leaves to fold along the midrib. The subsequent development takes place inside the tightly closed growing gall, plugged at both ends with a mixture of leafhopper excrement, brochosomes, and crushed exuviae. These plugs act as mechanical barriers and sticky traps for intruders. The inner surface of the gall, lined with brochosomes and wax platelets, is hydrophobic. Adult males emerge from their galls and squeeze into female galls. Fertilized females insert an average of 146 eggs under the gall’s inner epidermis and remain inside, possibly protecting the brood, until they die. The walls of the galls containing eggs are approximately three times thicker than regular leaves. The galls are subject to predation by Gelechiidae caterpillars; the eggs of the leafhopper are parasitized by two species of Trichogrammatidae and one Mymaridae (Hymenoptera, and its larvae by one species of Pipunculidae (Diptera.

Efeitos da temperatura e do alimento no desenvolvimento de Dysdercus maurus Distant (Hemiptera, Pyrrhocoridae Effects of temperature and food on the development of Dysdercus maurus Distant (Hemiptera, Pyrrhocoridae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fábio Souto Almeida

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Dysdercus maurus Distant, 1901 (Hemiptera, Pyrrhocoridae é uma importante praga de Gossypium spp. (algodoeiro, Citrus Sinensis Osbeck (Rutaceae (laranjeira e Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae (tangerineira, além de sementes de Chorisia speciosa St. Hil. (paineira. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar os efeitos da temperatura e do alimento no desenvolvimento de D. maurus. Foram realizados oito tratamentos, seis em que os percevejos foram alimentados com sementes de paineira e mantidos a 15, 18, 20, 25 e 30 ± 1ºC, UR 80 ± 3% e fotofase de 12 h ou em condições ambientais de laboratório (23,5 ± 2,6ºC, UR 73,3 ± 9,9 %, e dois em que foram alimentados com sementes de algodão variedade IAC-22 e mantidos a 25 e 30ºC. Em todos os tratamentos foram observados cinco estágios imaturos. O aumento da temperatura proporcionou diminuição do tempo de desenvolvimento. A temperatura de 15ºC foi letal para ovos e ninfas de D. maurus. A menor mortalidade de ninfas ocorreu quando os percevejos foram alimentados com sementes de algodão a 25ºC (24,07%. A menor temperatura base (Tb foi obtida para o 1º ínstar (11,54ºC e a maior para o 2º ínstar (15,33ºC. As fêmeas de D. maurus necessitam de maior quantidade de graus-dias (329,93 graus-dias que os machos (300,49 graus-dias para atingir o estádio adulto.Dysdercus maurus Distant, 1901 (Hemiptera, Pyrrhocoridae is an important pest on Gossypium spp. (cotton tree, Citrus sinensis Osbeck (Rutaceae and Citrus reticulata Blanco (Rutaceae crops. This insect also feeds on seeds of Chorisia speciosa St. Hil. (Bombacaceae. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of temperature and food on the development of D. maurus. Eight treatments were carried out, in six of them bugs were fed with seeds of C. speciosa and kept at 15, 18, 20, 25 and 30 ± 1ºC, 80 ± 3% RH and 12h photophase or in laboratory conditions (23.5 ± 2.6ºC, 73.3 ± 9.9 % RH, and in the other two treatments bugs were fed with seeds of cotton variety

Descriptions of the immature stages and new host plant records of Notozulia entreriana (Berg) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) pests of grasses in subtropical areas of the Americas.

Science.gov (United States)

Foieri, Alvaro; Lenicov, Ana M Marino De Remes; Virla, Eduardo G

2016-04-11

Notozulia entreriana (Berg) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) is one of the most common spittlebugs inhabiting the subtropical region of the America, inflicting important economic damage to grass crops. The immature stages are described and illustrated; the main characteristics that distinguish instars are the body size, color, number of flagellomeres, and number of tibial and metatarsomere spines. A key for identification of nymphs is provided as a tool to develop field studies.  Nine host plants, all belonging to Poaceae, are recorded as breeding and feeding host plants from different localities in northern Argentina.

El comportamiento criminal desde un punto de vista evolucionista

OpenAIRE

García, José; Universidad Católica (Paraguay)

2015-01-01

Las teorías sobre las causas del comportamiento criminal y sus variantes fascinaron la atención de los investigadores, al menos desde mediados del siglo XVIII. En nuestros días, la psicología evolucionista produjo algunos aportes importantes para entender los crímenes y homicidios como formas de adaptación humana a los desafíos generados en situaciones ambientales específicas, a través de lo que se denomina mecanismos psicológicos evolucionados. Este artículo examina brevemente los antecedent...

Desigualdad laboral desde la perspectiva de género

OpenAIRE

Laura de Pablos Escobar

2001-01-01

Se enuncian y se comentan algunas de las situaciones laborales sufridas por las mujeres, que más nos llaman la atención. Por ejemplo: tasas de paro, contratos temporales, trabajo no remunerado, desigualdad de ingresos, etc. Los datos que se ofrecen, siempre que sea posible, incluirán experiencia comparada. Se refiere a las políticas públicas aplicadas en la actualidad en nuestro país al objeto de solventar la desigualdad laboral desde la perspectiva de género. Nos referiremos tanto a las ayud...

Multiplicando esfuerzos para fortalecer la familia desde la orientación

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eliud Calderón-Monge

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Recibido 13 de junio de 2008 • Aprobado 23 de marzo de 2009 • Corregido 20 de abril de 2009     La propuesta rescata la sistematización de una experiencia de capacitación a 35 funcionarios y funcionarias docentes y administrativos provenientes de nueve escuelas de Educación General Básica, que se ubican en comunidades con características socioeconómicas desfavorables o de riesgo social. Esta capacitación fue desarrollada por un equipo de dos orientadoras y un orientador, cuyo propósito fundamental fue el facilitar en los y las asistentes, el desarrollo de habilidades que les permitan diseñar y desarrollar actividades en el ámbito de Escuela para padres y madres. Así, se ha modelado una propuesta de trabajo desde la Orientación Educativa, en busca de una mayor cobertura y eficacia de la labor orientadora con la familia desde las escuelas. Se pretende, con ello, promover relaciones familiares saludables que contribuyan al bienestar integral de la familia y, por ende, en el apropiado desenvolvimiento académico y socio afectivo de sus hijos e hijas estudiantes.

Programa de formación en valores dirigidos al sistema parejas: una propuesta desde el Enfoque Gestalt

OpenAIRE

Sequera Cabeza, Nuvia

2015-01-01

Resumen del Proyecto de Tesis Doctoral: PROGRAMA DE FORMACIÓN EN VALORES DIRIGIDO AL SISTEMA PAREJA: UNA PROPUESTA DESDE EL ENFOQUE GESTALT Presentado por Nuvia Sequera Cabeza Dirigido por Ana D’Ocon Giménez 1. Introducción: El estudio conceptual de los valores se justifica desde la dimensión formativa o instructiva de la persona, aunque no sea ésta su finalidad más valiosa. Lo sería la plasmación de valores respetuosos con la humanidad y el entorno en la conducta cotidia...

La violencia en la región noroeste de Chihuahua. Experiencias e impactos desde la comunidad educativa

OpenAIRE

Marcos J. Estrada Ruiz; Adán Cano Aguilar

2013-01-01

La violencia escolar ha sido un tema explorado de manera importante en los últimos años desde la investigación educativa en México, sin embargo, en contextos de alta violencia no se han mostrado los impactos de la violencia extraescolar y estructural, en la escuela y en otros espacios comunitarios. El artículo presenta resultados de una investigación que tuvo por objetivo reconstruir el impacto de la violencia en la región noroeste de Chihuahua, desde la comunidad educativa (docentes, padres,...

Los Entornos Personales de Aprendizaje como estrategia de aprendizaje desde la Teoría del Actor-Red

OpenAIRE

Meza Cano, José Manuel; Cejas León, Roberto

2016-01-01

Este trabajo pretende visualizar los Entornos Personales de Aprendizaje desde el punto de vista de la Teoría del Actor-Red. En primer lugar, se describen los elementos centrales de la Teoría del Actor-Red, la visión de aprendizaje desde este enfoque, así como el concepto de actante y de simetría generalizada. Posteriormente se exponen los elementos clave de las definiciones sobre Entornos Personales de Aprendizaje y la visión del aprendizaje que defienden, centrada principalmente en el estudi...

Acercarnos a literatura desde la interculturalidad: una propuesta comparatista a partir de la intertextualidad de los clásicos El Lazarillo de Tormes y Oliver Twist

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paula Rivera Jurado

2017-05-01

Full Text Available La enseñanza y recepción de la literatura en Educación Secundaria vive en nuestros días en un continuo debate educativo: mientras que, entre los docentes, existe un consenso generalizado sobre el valor educativo de la literatura tanto desde un punto de vista formativo como desde la perspectiva académica; los intereses de los jóvenes por la literatura universal se alejan cada vez más de sus hábitos lectores. ¿Cómo acercar, entonces, los clásicos, a las nuevas generaciones y que disfruten del placer de su lectura? Desde nuestra investigación, apostamos por el encuentro de dos disciplinas de estudio -Literatura Comparada y Didáctica de la Lengua y la Literatura- al considerar que posibilitan el desarrollo del intertexto lector en la recepción de la obra desde una visión intercultural. Para ello, desde esta perspectiva, desarrollamos una propuesta didáctica para trabajar dos obras claves desde una perspectiva intercultural: El Lazarillo de Tormes y Oliver Twist.

The impact of some environmental factors on the fecundity of phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley (hemiptera: pseudococcidae): a serious pest of cotton and other crops

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abbas, G.; Arif, M.J.; Aslam, M.

2010-01-01

Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Pseudococcidae) was first recorded on cultivated cotton from Texas, USA in 1991. Since 2005, this New World species has emerged as serious pest of cotton in Pakistan and India, and is now a serious threat to cotton in China and other cotton-growing countries worldwide. The species is polyphagous and invasive, and can attack many other economic crops. So far, it has been reported from 173 species in 54 plant families, and from 26 countries in different ecological zones. The study found that host plant species and meteorological conditions had significant effects, whereas locality had no significant effect on the fecundity of the mealybug. (author)

Generación de código Hibernate desde modelos UML

OpenAIRE

Nogueiro Mariscal, Alejandro

2012-01-01

Este proyecto consiste en un generador de código para Hibernate desde modelos UML. El código generado es el conjunto de clases del modelo implementadas en Java con una serie de anotaciones JPA 2.0. Estas clases, mediante Hibernate, sirven para añadir persistencia a nuestro código. Los modelos UML tendrán una serie de anotaciones para poder transformarlos correctamente.

¿Cómo evaluar la convivencia escolar?: la mirada desde los estudiantes

OpenAIRE

Carrasco, Álvaro

2009-01-01

Este artículo argumenta sobre la necesidad de complementar la forma tradicional de medir la calidad educativa. Para ello se revisan algunas políticas educativas chilenas y se plantean algunas ideas para evaluar la convivencia escolar. Se ofrece un instrumento para acercarse a la convivencia escolar desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes.

El control del tabaquismo desde la perspectiva de la economía

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ángel López Nicolás

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo revisa los principales argumentos que la Economía pone a disposición del analista a la hora de juzgar las políticas de control del tabaquismo, y describe con detalle la cuestión de los fallos de mercado tanto desde la óptica tradicional como desde la perspectiva de los recientes avances en la literatura. De esta revisión se desprende que fumar es una elección personal que puede generar pérdidas netas de bienestar para el resto de los miembros de la sociedad y para la familia de la persona fumadora, pero sobre todo para ella misma. Sobre esta base existe justificación económica para intervenciones correctoras. El artículo concluye con la discusión sobre dos de las medidas de prevención más relevantes en nuestro país en la actualidad: la prohibición de fumar en los locales de hostelería y los impuestos sobre las labores del tabaco.

Fronteras institucionales de pareja, desde la literatura y el cine en el Sur de México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Magda Estrella Zúñiga Zenteno

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo tiene como eje de reflexión la triangulación amorosa en la pareja. Como punto de inflexión en el porqué de la triangulación, no desde la antropología sino desde el psicoanálisis, el trabajo pondera las funciones que cumple: salvaguardar los límites yoicos y fortalecer la relación en la pareja enriqueciendo su vida cotidiana. Una expresión cultural de esta triangulación en México es la figura de “la casa chica”, modalidad que funciona como sustento de la familia nuclear o como apéndice de ella.

Migración femenina desde el caribe colombiano. Una mirada a sus espacios laborales en destino

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gloria Bonilla Vélez

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Con el presente artículo se intenta reflexionar sobre la migración femenina desde Cartagena y Barranquilla -ciudades del Caribe colombiano- a diversos destinos internacionales, partiendo de los hallazgos de investigaciones desarrolladas por las autoras sobre el tema3. Desde una perspectiva de género, se visibilizan aquí, experiencias narradas por migrantes y familiares sobre los procesos de vinculación al trabajo doméstico, actividades de cuidado y la prostitución como espacios laborales donde ocurren diversas formas de explotación y discriminación hacia las mujeres en los países de destino.

Juan García y Juan Montaño: territorios distintos y narrativas complementarias desde la memoria afrodescendiente

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo Abad Ordóñez

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Este ensayo pone en diálogo el pensamiento y la obra de dos referentes de la cultura afrodescendiente en el Ecuador: Juan García y Juan Montaño. Desde una perspectiva histórico-literaria, analiza las maneras cómo un investigador de la cultura –García- y un escritor –Montaño- ponen en escena el tema de la memoria. El primero va en busca de la tradición oral como portadora de los valores ancestrales capaces de sostener un proceso de resistencia cultural. El segundo, en cambio, inventa otra poética y construye nuevos sentidos acerca de la condición afro en el escenario urbano. Temas como la oralidad, la música, la comunidad, la ciudad, la noche, el amor adquieren significados particulares desde la mirada de dos intelectuales que se expresan desde una profunda conciencia afrodescendiente.

La atención a la diversidad desde la musicoterapia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adela Zahonero Rovira

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo es una invitación a la reflexión y profundización acerca del potencial que la Musicoterapia desempeña en el contexto Educativo cuando es utilizada como herramienta específica de apoyo a la Atención a la Diversidad de ecesidades educativas de amplio espectro que se nos presentan en las Aulas. Partimos, para este planteamiento, de la experiencia práctica derivada de la aplicación de las posibilidades terapéuticas de la Música en Educación Secundaria que se viene llevando cabo, experimentalmente y de modo más o menos continuado, desde el curso 2003-2004 en ciertos Institutos de la Comunidad de 2 Madrid, siendo su desarrollo objeto de alguna investigación. Partiendo de una metodología analítico- práctica se pone de manifiesto cómo la Musicoterapia incide favorablemente en las relaciones grupales, siendo un medio idóneo para atención de necesidades educativas y personales diversas de los miembros integrantes de los grupos receptores, que inciden en una mejora substancial del Clima relacional y de Convivencia del Aula, desde el que pueden transferirse aportes hacia la promoción de un ambiente más positivo en contextos más amplios, del Clima del propio Centro.

Seasonal phenology, spatial distribution, and sampling plan for the invasive mealybug Phenacoccus peruvianus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Beltrá, A; Garcia-Marí, F; Soto, A

2013-06-01

Phlenacoccus peruvianus Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is an invasive mealybug of Neotropical origin. In recent years it has invaded the Mediterranean Basin causing significant damages in bougainvillea and other ornamental plants. This article examines its phenology, location on the plant and spatial distribution, and presents a sampling plan to determine P. peruvianus population density for the management of this mealybug in southern Europe. Six urban green spaces with bougainvillea plants were periodically surveyed between March 2008 and September 2010 in eastern Spain, sampling bracts, leaves, and twigs. Our results show that P. peruvianus abundance was high in spring and summer, declining to almost undetectable levels in autumn and winter. The mealybugs showed a preference for settling on bracts and there were no significant migrations between plant organs. P. peruvianus showed a highly aggregated distribution on bracts, leaves, and twigs. We recommend abinomial sampling of 200 leaves and an action threshold of 55% infested leaves for integrated pest management purposes on urban landscapes and enumerative sampling for ornamental nursery management and additional biological studies.

Algunas reflexiones desde la acuarela de Mario Conde

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pamela Romano

2012-11-01

Full Text Available This brief reflection on the work of Mario Conde starts paying attention to the special relationship the artist has with the watercolor technique, deploying from that relationship a copy-based ethics. From that materiality Conde builds his response to the postmodern moment in which art in general, and particularly Bolivian art, is been developed given its current social conditions. The ethics of the copy is explored especially in two of his works: "Exterminator Angel" where  copying addresses colonial issues that return to question and challenge the very notion of homeland, and "Drunk with power (Géricault in Los Andes" where the copy,  adapted to Andean latitudes, exudes a desire to restore the sacred and  auratic character of artwork as well as of the Andean imagery.Esta breve reflexión sobre la obra de Mario Conde se inicia poniendo atención en la relación particular que tiene el pintor con la técnica de la acuarela, desplegando desde esa relación una ética basada en la copia. Desde esa materialidad Conde concretiza su respuesta al momento posmoderno en que se desarrolla el arte en general, y el boliviano en particular dadas sus condiciones sociales actuales. La ética de la copia es explorada especialmente en dos de sus obras: “Ángel exterminador” donde la copia aborda temáticas coloniales que retornan para poner en cuestión y entredicho la noción de patria, y “Ebrios de poder (Géricault en Los Andes” donde la copia adaptada a latitudes andinas destila un deseo de restablecer el carácter sagrado y aurático de la obra de arte como del imaginario andino.

Distribuição espacial de Aphis gossypii (Glover (Hemiptera, Aphididae e Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius biótipo B (Hemiptera, Aleyrodidae em algodoeiro Bt e não-Bt Spatial distribution of Aphis gossypii (Glover (Hemiptera, Aphididae and Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius biotype B (Hemiptera, Aleyrodidae on Bt and non-Bt cotton

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tatiana Rojas Rodrigues

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Distribuição espacial de Aphis gossypii (Glover (Hemiptera, Aphididae e Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius biótipo B (Hemiptera, Aleyrodidae em algodoeiro Bt e não-Bt. O estudo da distribuição espacial de adultos de Bemisia tabaci e de Aphis gossypii nas culturas do algodoeiro Bt e não-Bt é fundamental para a otimização de técnicas de amostragens, além de revelar diferenças de comportamento de espécies não-alvo dessa tecnologia Bt entre as duas cultivares. Nesse sentido, o experimento buscou investigar o padrão da distribuição espacial dessas espécies de insetos no algodoeiro convencional não-Bt e no cultivar Bt. As avaliações ocorreram em dois campos de 5.000 m² cada, nos quais se realizou 14 avaliações com contagem de adultos da mosca-branca e colônias de pulgões. Foram calculados os índices de agregação (razão variância/média, índice de Morisita e Expoente k da Distribuição Binomial Negativa e realizados os testes ajustes das classes numéricas de indivíduos encontradas e esperadas às distribuições teóricas de freqüência (Poisson, Binomial Negativa e Binomial Positiva. Todas as análises mostraram que, em ambas as cultivares, a distribuição espacial de B. tabaci ajustou-se a distribuição binomial negativa durante todo o período analisado, indicando que a cultivar transgênica não influenciou o padrão de distribuição agregada desse inseto. Já com relação às análises para A. gossypii, os índices de agregação apontaram distribuição agregada nas duas cultivares, mas as distribuições de freqüência permitiram concluir a ocorrência de distribuição agregada apenas no algodoeiro convencional, pois não houve nenhum ajuste para os dados na cultivar Bt. Isso indica que o algodão Bt alterou o padrão normal de dispersão dos pulgões no cultivo.The study of spatial distribution of the adults of Bemisia tabaci and the colonies of Aphis gossypii on Bt and non-Bt cotton crop is fundamental for

Por ausente, por vencido. Contar Malvinas desde la ficción

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

SOUTO CELESTINA LUZ

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Con la entrada en el nuevo milenio el tema de las Islas Malvinas resurge con mayor fuerza en los diferentes ámbitos de estudio, sin embargo es la literatura la que desde el primer momento ha marcado el pulso de estas historias y  ha propiciado la conservación del recuerdo, tanto de los caídos como el de los injustamente olvidados veteranos.

INNOVACIÓN COMO CAMBIO INSTITUCIONAL: UNA APROXIMACIÓN DESDE LAS TEORÍAS DE LA COMPLEJIDAD

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guia Julve, J.

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Uno de los temas más controvertidos dentro de la literatura sobre gestión de la innovación es el grado en que estos procesos son controlables y planificables. Esta literatura ha evolucionado desde una posición racional dentro de la cual los procesos de innovación son el resultado de decisiones racionales, intencionadas y debidamente planificadas, a una posición más evolutiva en la cual si bien no es posible controlar y gestionar el proceso directamente, si que lo es controlar el las condiciones del contexto organizativo de la innovación con objeto de incrementar el éxito del proceso. En este artículo, analizamos el proceso de innovación desde un nuevo paradigma que va más allá de los anteriores y que se fundamenta en los postulados de las teorías de la complejidad y en la asimilación de los procesos de innovación a los procesos de cambio institucional. Desde esta nueva perspectiva, se deduce que los procesos de innovación y el cambio institucional consiguiente tienen una base pragmática y, en consecuencia, el potencial para la planificación y control de los procesos de innovación se ve altamente limitado.

Identification of a sex pheromone of the chrysanthemum lace bug Corythucha marmorata (Hemiptera: Tingidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Watanabe, Kisaki; Shimizu, Nobuhiro

2017-08-04

Although the nymphs of Corythucha marmorata form clusters on the undersides of host plant leaves, as frequently observed for Hemiptera, the adults are scattered in the vicinity of the nymph population. By investigating the biological activities of volatile secretions from the adult, we found that the secretions activated male mounting behaviour. A chemical analysis revealed that borneol was a common component of the secretions from both sexes. The absolute configuration of the natural product was the (+)-enantiomer of borneol and the optical isomer was undetectable. Although (+)-borneol showed significant sex pheromone activity against males, the antipode (-)-borneol also induced sex pheromone activity, albeit only slightly. Males may not have a strict identification mechanism based on stereochemistry. To verify the origin of this sex pheromone, we analysed the components of the essential oil of the leaves of Solidago canadensis L. (Compositae: Asteraceae), a host plant; bornyl acetate was detected to be a major component. The plant-produced bornyl acetate had different stereochemistry from the sex pheromone. The results suggested that the adults do not utilise the secondary metabolites of plants but biosynthesise this sex pheromone themselves. This is the first report on sex pheromone identification in Tingidae.

KEBERADAAN DYSMICOCCUS BREVIPES (COCKERELL (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE SEBAGAI VEKTOR PINEAPPLE MEALYBUG WILT-ASSOCIATED VIRUS (PMWAV PADA TANAMAN NANAS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dewi Sartiami

2006-04-01

Full Text Available Mealybug can almost be found in all pineapple fields (Ananas comosus (Linnaeus. The insect is known to be a vector of Pineapple Mealybug wilt-associated Virus (PMWaV. The insect samples taken from pineapple in Bunihayu, Jalancagak, Subang, West Java, were identified in laboratory. Mealybug-ant symbionts were also taken. The ability of this ant to carry the mealybugs from colony reared on kabocha (Cucurbita maxima to pineapple was also tested at green house level. Only one spesies of mealybug was found on pineapple, i.e. Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae. The mealybugs were found to colonize root, basal of stem and the leaf. Eight ant species were found to be associated with mealybug. There are four species belongs to Pseudolasius genera, two species Cardiocondyla genera, Paratrechina sp. and Dorylus sp. Paratrechina sp. showed the ability to carry D. brevipes from kabocha population to pineapple. Therefore the ants should also be controlled in the total management of PMWav.

Identification guide to Nordic aphids associated with mosses, horsetails and ferns (Bryophyta, Equisetophyta, Polypodiophyta (Insecta, Hemiptera, Aphidoidea

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anders Christian Albrecht

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Keys and diagnoses of North European aphids (Hemiptera, Aphidoidea associated with mosses, horsetails and ferns are given, based on fresh and freeze-dried material. Numerous externally visible and thus informative characters, that are absent in cleared, slide-mounted specimens, such as body shape colours, wax coating and pattern etc., are utilized. Most of the species are illustrated by photographs of live specimens and drawings. Root-feeding species living in the moss layer or otherwise often present in moss samples are also included, even if their hosts were spermatophytes. The combination of colour images and diagnoses, utilizing easily observed characters, allows the identification of a large number of species already in the field, and many more at home with the aid of a stereo microscope. Host plant relationships and association with ants are summarised, including new records. Brief accounts on aphid life cycles, freeze-drying preparation techniques, etc. are also given to support the use of the keys.

Reflexiones críticas, desde los márgenes, sobre la producción de conocimientos para una acción transformadora

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Carlos Gimeno Martín

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Desde la perplejidad de un académico que habita una Europa en crisis, en este artículo se exploran, en forma de conversación, algunas perspectivas críticas que se han ido consolidando en América Latina sobre el mundo en que vivimos y sobre lo que nos ha traído hasta él, reivindicando la producción del conocimiento desde los márgenes, desde las fronteras, desde los sujetos negados por la “historia”. El enfoque utilizado, que valora la existencia, la resistencia, las luchas de mujeres y hombres por conquistar un lugar en el mundo, y para construir un mundo que les reconozca en su particularidad, parte de la convicción de que la teoría es un proceso que implica redefinir constantemente conceptos, dejar de pensar de cierto modo y empezar a pensar de otros modos, más adecuados a nuestro contexto. Ese proceso constituye un reto para las ciencias sociales, en particular, que debieran indisciplinarse, y para las instituciones académicas y universidades, en general, cuyo papel podría redefinirse como un actor de retaguardia: responsable de la producción rigurosa de conocimiento desde múltiples lugares, y comprometido en acompañar procesos de transformación social impulsados en las luchas por construir un mundo humano.  

Reflexión ética, comunicativa y política de la Paideia desde las redes sociales virtuales

OpenAIRE

Agudelo Ramos, Julián Alberto; Díaz Ballesteros, Julián Alberto; Herrera Beltrán, Angela Tatiana

2013-01-01

Tesis (Magister en Educación). Universidad Católica de Manizales, Facultad de Educación,2012 La presente obra de conocimiento tiene como finalidad plantear una reflexión entorno a la educación contemporánea desde las redes sociales virtuales para replantear algunas categorías relevantes tales como la ética, la comunicación y la política; abordándolas desde otras categorías macro como son el concepto de corporeidad, presencia, espacio, tiempo, virtualidad en los contextos educativos privado...

Factors affecting water strider (Hemiptera: Gerridae) mercury concentrations in lotic systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jardine, T.D.; Kidd, K.A.; Cunjak, R.A.; Arp, P.A. [University of New Brunswick, St John, NB (Canada). Canadian Rivers Institute

2009-07-15

Water striders (Hemiptera: Gerridae) have been considered as a potential sentinel for mercury (Hg) contamination of freshwater ecosystems, yet little is known about factors that control Hg concentrations in this invertebrate. Striders were collected from 80 streams and rivers in New Brunswick, Canada, in August and September of 2004 through 2007 to assess the influence of factors such as diet, water chemistry, and proximity to point sources on Hg concentrations in this organism. Higher than average Hg concentrations were observed in the southwest and Grand Lake regions of the province, the latter being the location of a coal-fired power plant that is a source of Hg (similar to 100 kg annually), with elevated Hg concentrations in the lichen Old Man's Beard (Usnea spp.) in its immediate vicinity. Across all streams, pH and total organic carbon of water were relatively weak predictors of strider Hg concentrations. Female striders that were larger in body size than males had significantly lower Hg concentrations within sites, suggestive of growth dilution. There was no relationship between percent aquatic carbon in the diet and Hg concentrations in striders. For those striders feeding solely on terrestrial carbon, Hg concentrations were higher in animals occupying a higher trophic level. Mercury concentrations were highly variable in striders collected monthly over two growing seasons, suggesting short-term changes in Hg availability. These measurements highlight the importance of considering both deposition and postdepositional processes in assessing Hg bioaccumulation in this species.

desde su cultura

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luz Ángela Argote O.

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Para explorar las prácticas sobre protección y cuidado durante la transición del climaterio a la menopausia se llevó a cabo un estudio en mujeres colombianas afrodescendientes que viven en el Distrito de Aguablanca, Cali, Colombia, a fin de evaluar los factores socioculturales que influyen en su cuidado. Se siguió la etnoenfermería con el objeto de averiguar la perspectiva femenina étnica, e identificar las prácticas beneficiosas y de riesgo para su salud. La investigación tuvo como participantes claves a 17 mujeres. En la consolidación de la muestra se aplicaron los criterios de saturación de datos. En los resultados se evidenció la relación de las mujeres con su propio cuerpo, su defensa y fortificación desde la menarquia como fase preparatoria de sus funciones reproductivas, hasta cuando aparece la menopausia. De acuerdo con su cultura, si no tienen en cuenta estas prácticas tradicionales, sufrirán diversas dolencias en la etapa final de su periodo de procreación. Los cuidados sobresalientes se relacionan con el significado de la sangre, así como con el ejercicio de la sexualidad, la limpieza, la alimentación especial y el equilibrio que se debe guardar entre el calor y el frío. Las entrevistadas atribuyen a la menopausia cambios en su cuerpo, en sus diferencias emocionales de conducta y en las expectativas de la sexualidad. Para el presente estudio estos hallazgos se agruparon en tres temas principales: sentir los profundos cambios en la vida: el cuerpo; sentir los cambios en los estados de ánimo; y vivir la sexualidad.

Crítica poscolonial desde las prácticas políticas del feminismo Antirracista

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ochy Curiel

2007-04-01

Full Text Available Este artículo señala que la teoría poscolonial hecha desde la academia conlleva una posición elitista y androcéntrica. La autora muestra que las prácticas y luchas del movimiento feminista, tanto en los Estados Unidos como en América Latina, han generado una forma de teorizar lo poscolonial que con frecuencia es ignorada por la academia. Trazando un recorrido que va desde los movimientos feministas negros en los Estados Unidos, pasando por el feminismo chicano, el feminismo afrolatino y el feminismo indígena, la autora muestra que la teoría poscolonial se beneficiaría mucho de los grandes aportes que estos movimientos políticos han hecho al pensamiento sobre la dominación colonial.

Caos, Gea y Eros. Desde el desorden a la armonía de la Paz

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco A. Muñoz

2009-01-01

Full Text Available La cosmogonía griega antigua, al igual que muchas otras, sitúa a Caos como el origen primigenio del Universo. Desde el inicio de los tiempos es acompañada (es femenino por Gea (la Tierra y Eros (el Amor. Con esta explicación se consigue incardinar el Universo, la Tierra, la naturaleza, la vida y los seres humanos con los dioses y las fuerzas sobrenaturales. Eros representaba el deseo que trae la vida, preocupado por conseguir las mejores condiciones para satisfacer las necesidades y procurar el desarrollo de las potencialidades humanas. Desde el comienzo de la historia, para que existiera armonía y paz era necesario gestionar el caos, la complejidad y la conflictividad, y buscar los equilibrios más justos y duraderos posibles.

¿Estás nervioso? Las elecciones desde una villa del Gran Buenos Aires

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Cecilia Ferraudi Curto

2011-11-01

Full Text Available En este artículo pretendo explorar la política en el Gran Buenos Aires a partir de un análisis de las elecciones legislativas de 2009 desde mi etnografía en una villa de La Matanza en proceso de urbanización. A partir de allí, intentaré dar cuenta de una serie de perspectivas que quedan opacadas en los análisis centrados en procesos electorales. Mientras éstos enfocan hacia las estrategias de campaña de los candidatos y los entramados políticos desde los cuales construyen apoyos para explicar los resultados electorales (o intentar predecirlos, el punto central de este artículo consiste en mostrar cómo las elecciones se imponen y son apropiadas localmente a partir de una perspectiva centrada en la urbanización de la villa.

ANÁLISIS DE LA TRAZABILIDAD DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE LA ORIENTACIÓN A ASPECTOS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marta Silvia Tabares

Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta un análisis acerca de la trazabilidad de los intereses de un sistema de software, desde el enfoque del desarrollo de software orientado a aspectos. Para esto se abordarán los conceptos generales de trazabilidad, de la orientación a aspectos y de las características que esta técnica puede proveer para verificar la fiabilidad y evolución de los requisitos en el proceso de desarrollo de software. Tratar la trazabilidad desde este enfoque pretende orientar al desarrollador a identificar elementos generales para determinar la traza de los intereses de corte transversal cuando estos afectan otros intereses del sistema y a su vez cómo diferentes piezas de un artefacto de software asociadas a este tipo de intereses han evolucionado y afectado a otras a lo largo del ciclo de vida de desarrollo.

Life cycle, feeding and defecation patterns of Rhodnius ecuadoriensis (Lent & León 1958) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) under laboratory conditions.

Science.gov (United States)

Villacís, Anita G; Arcos-Terán, Laura; Grijalva, Mario J

2008-11-01

Rhodnius ecuadoriensis is the second most important vector of Chagas Disease (CD) in Ecuador. The objective of this study was to describe (and compare) the life cycle, the feeding and defecation patterns under laboratory conditions of two populations of this specie [from the provinces of Manabí (Coastal region) and Loja (Andean region)]. Egg-to-adult (n = 57) development took an average of 189.9 +/- 20 (Manabí) and 181.3 +/- 6.4 days (Loja). Mortality rates were high among Lojan nymphs. Pre-feeding time (from contact with host to feeding initiation) ranged from 4 min 42 s [nymph I (NI)] to 8 min 30 s (male); feeding time ranged from 14 min 45 s (NI)-28 min 25 s (male) (Manabí) and from 15 min 25 s (NI)-28 min 57 s (nymph V) (Loja). The amount of blood ingested increased significantly with instar and was larger for Manabí specimens (p Ecuador and Northern Peru.

Life cycle, feeding and defecation patterns of Rhodnius ecuadoriensis (Lent & León 1958 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae under laboratory conditions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anita G Villacís

2008-11-01

Full Text Available Rhodnius ecuadoriensis is the second most important vector of Chagas Disease (CD in Ecuador. The objective of this study was to describe (and compare the life cycle, the feeding and defecation patterns under laboratory conditions of two populations of this specie [from the provinces of Manabí (Coastal region and Loja (Andean region]. Egg-to-adult (n = 57 development took an average of 189.9 ± 20 (Manabí and 181.3 ± 6.4 days (Loja. Mortality rates were high among Lojan nymphs. Pre-feeding time (from contact with host to feeding initiation ranged from 4 min 42 s [nymph I (NI] to 8 min 30 s (male; feeding time ranged from 14 min 45 s (NI-28 min 25 s (male (Manabí and from 15 min 25 s (NI-28 min 57 s (nymph V (Loja. The amount of blood ingested increased significantly with instar and was larger for Manabí specimens (p < 0.001. Defecation while feeding was observed in Manabí specimens from stage nymph III and in Lojan bugs from stage nymph IV. There was a gradual, age-related increase in the frequency of this behaviour in both populations. Our results suggest that R. ecuadoriensis has the bionomic traits of an efficient vector of Trypanosoma cruzi. Together with previous data on the capacity of this species to infest rural households, these results indicate that control of synanthropic R. ecuadoriensis populations in the coastal and Andean regions may have a significant impact for CD control in Ecuador and Northern Peru.

Resistencia a lambdacihalotrina y fenitrotión en una población de campo de Panstrongylus geniculatus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Flor A. Torres P

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Panstrongylus geniculatus es un triatomino silvestre, vector del Trypanosoma cruzi, intruso en domicilios humanos. Determinar la susceptibilidad a insecticidas de uso común en esta especie es indispensable para detectar prematuramente cepas resistentes. Objetivo: Este estudio se propuso analizar la susceptibilidad a lambdacihalotrina y fenitrotión en dos cepas (laboratorio y campo de P. geniculatus. Metodología: se estableció la susceptibilidad a lambdacihalotrina y fenitrotión por aplicación tópica, en la cepa de laboratorio-Molagavita 2003 y en la población de campo-Chorreras 2012 en ninfas del primer estadio de P. geniculatus. Se calcularon valores de dosis letal 50 y dosis letal 99 (DL50 y la DL99 para cada insecticida. También se determinaron valores de grado de resistencia (GR para cada insecticida: DL50 población de campo/DL50 cepa de laboratorio. Resultados: Las DL50 y DL99 en la población de campo y la cepa de laboratorio (en ng/i, fueron: 1,194; 5,764 y 0,024; 0,131 para lambdacihalotrina y 1,476; 7,354 y 0,482; 5,471 para fenitrotión, respectivamente. Los grados de resistencia fueron: GR= 48,9 para lambdacihalotrina y GR= 3,06 para fenitrotión. Conclusiones: La población de campo mostró resistencia a lambdacihalotrina y fenitrotión, probablemente como consecuencia del uso de agroquímicos en la zona. Implementar medidas para la detección temprana de resistencia en triatominos es importante en el diseño de programas de control vectorial.

Justicia y sistema tributario. Una mirada desde la perspectiva inglesa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patricio Masbernat

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo expone que la doctrina chilena aborda la cuestión de la justicia tributaria desde una triple perspectiva, económica, filosófica y jurídica. Con todo, desconfía de las posibilidades de esta última, para desarrollar soluciones genuinas de los complejos problemas que enfrenta la justicia tributaria. A partir de dicha evidencia, el autor indaga el desarrollo de este asunto en el mundo anglosajón, especialmente de Inglaterra. El autor recorre el camino que filósofos, economistas y juristas efectúan acerca de los elementos más determinantes de la justicia tributaria. Para tales efectos, luego de plantear el problema y la perspectiva analítica del artículo, revisa la idea de justicia tributaria en las doctrinas liberales clásicas, la justificación de la imposición de tributos y los fines del Estado, el concepto de tributo, la justicia conmutativa y la justicia distributiva, las finalidades extra fiscales del tributo, el principio de igualdad como expresión normativa de la justicia en la tributación. El autor concluye que no obstante que el mundo anglosajón se aborda esta cuestión desde esta triple perspectiva, y de un modo muy diferente al del Derecho Continental, la doctrina jurídica ha sido capaz de discutir acerca de estos complejos problemas jurídicos con éxito.

Democracia y partidos: el caso italiano desde una perspectiva comparativa Democracia y partidos: el caso italiano desde una perspectiva comparativa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Oreste Massari

2010-03-01

Full Text Available La democracia italiana –desde después de la segunda guerra mundial hasta hoy– ha estado marcada, para bien y para mal, por el papel dominante de los partidos políticos. La relación entre democracia y partidos políticos se analiza a nivel teórico, comparativo e histórico. Concretamente se analiza la difícil transición, que todavía hoy está en marcha, desde la democracia proporcional (1945-1992 caracterizada primero por los partidos de masas y más tarde por la partitocracia, hacia la democracia mayoritaria (1994-, caracterizada primero por el bipolarismo de coalición y más tarde por el intento de conformar partidos mayoritarios. La última parte del artículo se detiene en analizar críticamente el PDL (Popólo della Libertá, dominado por el populismo de Berlusconi y el PD (Partito Democrático, planteado inicialmente como partido del líder y por esa razón todavía en crisis.The Italian democracy –from the second post-war period to today– has been marked, in the good and in the evil, from the dominant role of the political parties. The relationship between Italian democracy and political parties is analyzed on the theoretical, comparative and historical ground. Particularly the difficult passage is examined, still in progress, from the proportional democracy (1945-1992, characterized by the mass parties before and the partitocracy then, to the majority democracy (1994-, characterized before by the coalition bipolarism and by the attempt to build majority parties in recent times. In the last part of the article the PDL (People of the Liberty, dominated by the populism of Berlusconi, and the PD (Democratic Party, initially planned as party of the leader and for this still in crisis, are critically examined.

La afectividad desde una perspectiva de la subjetividad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando L. González Rey

Full Text Available La reflexión presentada por el autor tiene como punto de partida el concepto de subjetividad, el cual retoma desde una perpectiva compleja, dialógica y dialéctica, en la cual la subjetividad se define por los procesos de significación y sentido subjetivo que caracterizan al sujeto, la personalidad y las diferentes instancias sociales en las cuales el sujeto actúa. La necesidad se presenta en un relación recursiva con las emociones, en la cual ambas aparecen, en momentos diferentes, como causas y productos de las relaciones que establecen entre si. El motivo es definido como configuración constituyente de la personalidad y, simultáneamente, como sistema constituido por ella.

Confrontando la cultura hegemónica desde el pensamiento Misak

OpenAIRE

Aranda Morales, Luz Dary; Perafan Ruiz, Cesar Augusto; Mayorga Gómez, Elmer Jair; Moreno Raigosa, Sandra Lorena

2015-01-01

Tesis (Maestría en Educación desde la Diversidad). Universidad de Manizales. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, 2015 El presente artículo evidencia el resultado del proceso de investigación llevado cabo dentro del resguardo de Guambía (Cauca), donde se intentó develar los elementos que le han permitido al pueblo Misak pervivir como cultura milenaria, en medio de una cultura hegemónica que pretende la homogenización de los pueblos en todos los ámbitos; social, económico, político y c...

Confrontando la cultura hegemónica desde el pensamiento Misak

OpenAIRE

Aranda Morales, Luz Dary; Perafan Ruiz, Cesar Augusto; Mayorga Gómez, Elmer Jair; Moreno Raigosa, Sandra Lorena

2015-01-01

Tesis (Maestría en Educación desde la Diversidad). Universidad de Manizales. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, 2015 El presente artículo evidencia el resultado del proceso de investigación llevado cabo dentro del resguardo de Guambía (Cauca), donde se intentó develar los elementos que le han permitido al pueblo Misak pervivir como cultura milenaria, en medio de una cultura hegemónica que pretende la homogenización de los pueblos en todos los ámbitos; social, económico, político y cu...

SISTEMAS DE EMPRENDIMIENTOS PRODUCTIVOS DESDE LA CATEDRÁ UNIVERSITARIA EN LA UTEQ, QUEVEDO-ECUADOR

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jhon Boza

2016-04-01

Full Text Available En la presente investigacion se aborda los sistemas empresariales desde los predios universitarios, fundamentos teóricos de las incubadoras de empresas y el análisis de los emprendimientos que contribuyen al desarrollo local del cantón Quevedo, Provincia de Los Rios en Ecuador. El cantón Quevedo cuenta con centros de estudio a nivel superior donde se potencia en el caso de la Unioversidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo la iniciativas productivas, desarrollando programas con el fin de mejorar la situacion económica de la localidad. Es importante señalar que en la constitucion del Ecuador del año 2008 se incluyen de forma decidida la proteccion a la familia, primulgando la articulac.ion de actores y recursos de la economia mixta enmarcada en el Buen Vivir(SumakKawsay, orientado a desarrollar sistemas productivos a todo nivel desde las economia precaria apoyadas a través de la Ley de Económia Popular y Solidaria a través del fomento productivo, tambien desde los gobiernos autónomos descentralizados locales y provinciales que en su presupuesto deben innluir un porcentaje para el engranaje productivo local orientados por estas instituciones internacionales. El sector público tiene la capacidad de ejercer como motot orientado a un modelo económico más productivo sostenible en el tiempo. En el trabajo se demuestra la necesidad de identificar nuevos emprendimientos locales que impulsan proyectos económicos que contribuyan al desarrollo local sostenible. A través de este sistema se procura el "buen vivir" convirtiendose en una herramienta necesaria para el desarrollo, manifestando la importancia que tiene el diseño, aplicacion y evaluacion de las politicas públicas en el crecimiento regional.

Contribución al estudio de los triatominos del Perú: Distribución geográfica, nomenclatura y notas taxonómicas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julio Chávez

2006-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar el número de especies válidas, distribución geográfica, sinonimias, nomenclatura y comentarios taxonómicos de la subfamilia Triatominae. Materiales y Métodos: Se compiló la lista de nombres científicos y distribución geográfica de triatominos existentes en el Perú en las referencias bibliográficas presentadas. Resultados: Existen 18 especies de la subfamilia Triatominae en el Perú distribuidos en 23 departamentos; todas ellas agrupadas en 4 principales tribus y 8 géneros. Conclusiones: Es necesario realizar estudios sobre ecología, morfología, biología molecular y epidemiología para una identificación precisa de especies de triatominos que existen en Perú.

Cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from Camiguin of Mindanao Province and Dinagat Island in the Philippines, with a new genus and three new species.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Young June; Marshall, David C; Mohagan, Alma; Hill, Kathy B R

2016-03-30

This paper provides the first faunal checklist for the family Cicadidae (Hemiptera) from Camiguin of Mindanao Province and Dinagat Island in the Philippines, comprising ten species belonging to nine genera. Cryptotympana shillana Lee & Mohagan sp. nov., Orientopsaltria inermis (Stål, 1870), Purana crassinotata Lee, 2015, and Huechys parvula Haupt, 1924 are recorded for the first time from Camiguin. Platypleura dinagatensis Lee sp. nov., Chremistica kyoungheeae Lee, 2010, Dundubia vaginata (Fabricius, 1787), Oncotympana pallidiventris Stål, 1870, and Philipsalta nigrina Lee, Marshall & Hill sp. nov. are newly recorded from Dinagat Island. A new genus Philipsalta Lee, Marshall & Hill gen. nov. is erected. Huechysini Distant, 1905 syn. nov. is synonymized with Cicadettini Buckton, 1889. Information on geographic distributions of the Camiguin and Dinagat species is also provided.

The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Mindarus keteleerifoliae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Comparison with Other Aphididae Insects.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Yuan; Chen, Jing; Jiang, Li-Yun; Qiao, Ge-Xia

2015-12-17

The mitogenome of Mindarus keteleerifoliae Zhang (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a 15,199 bp circular molecule. The gene order and orientation of M. keteleerifoliae is similarly arranged to that of the ancestral insect of other aphid mitogenomes, and, a tRNA isomerism event maybe identified in the mitogenome of M. keteleerifoliae. The tRNA-Trp gene is coded in the J-strand and the same sequence in the N-strand codes for the tRNA-Ser gene. A similar phenomenon was also found in the mitogenome of Eriosoma lanigerum. However, whether tRNA isomers in aphids exist requires further study. Phylogenetic analyses, using all available protein-coding genes, support Mindarinae as the basal position of Aphididae. Two tribes of Aphidinae were recovered with high statistical significance. Characteristics of the M. keteleerifoliae mitogenome revealed distinct mitogenome structures and provided abundant phylogenetic signals, thus advancing our understanding of insect mitogenomic architecture and evolution. But, because only eight complete aphid mitogenomes, including M. keteleerifoliae, were published, future studies with larger taxon sampling sizes are necessary.

Plant Essential Oils Synergize and Antagonize Toxicity of Different Conventional Insecticides against Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Science.gov (United States)

Faraone, Nicoletta; Hillier, N. Kirk; Cutler, G. Christopher

2015-01-01

Plant-derived products can play an important role in pest management programs. Essential oils from Lavandula angustifolia (lavender) and Thymus vulgaris (thyme) and their main constituents, linalool and thymol, respectively, were evaluated for insecticidal activity and synergistic action in combination with insecticides against green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae). The essential oils and their main constituents exerted similar insecticidal activity when aphids were exposed by direct sprays, but were non-toxic by exposure to treated leaf discs. In synergism experiments, the toxicity of imidacloprid was synergized 16- to 20-fold by L. angustifolia and T. vulgaris essential oils, but far less synergism occurred with linalool and thymol, indicating that secondary constituents of the oils were probably responsible for the observed synergism. In contrast to results with imidacloprid, the insecticidal activity of spirotetramat was antagonized by L. angustifolia and T. vulgaris essential oils, and linalool and thymol. Our results demonstrate the potential of plant essential oils as synergists of insecticides, but show that antagonistic action against certain insecticides may occur. PMID:26010088

Transferrin Family Genes in the Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) in Response to Three Insecticides.

Science.gov (United States)

Wu, Shun-Fan; Li, Jian; Zhang, Yong; Gao, Cong-Fen

2018-02-09

Transferrins are involved in iron metabolism, immunity, xenobiotics tolerance, and development in eukaryotic organisms including insects. However, little is known about the relationship between transferrins and insecticide toxicology and resistance. Three transferrin family genes, NlTsf1, NlTsf2, and NlTsf3, of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)a major insect pest of rice field in Asia, had been identified and characterized in this study. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction results demonstrated that NlTsf1 was significantly higher than the other two genes in different tissues. All of them were expressed at higher levels in abdomen and head than in antenna, leg, stylet, and thorax. Compared with the control, the expression of three N. lugens transferrin family genes decreased dramatically 24 h after treatment with buprofezin, pymetrozine and imidacloprid. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America 2017. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.

Una alimentación saludable desde pequeños

OpenAIRE

Valdivieso Peláez, Ángeles

2017-01-01

En este Trabajo de Fin de Grado, titulado “Una alimentación saludable desde pequeños”, se pretende inculcar a los niños de Educación Infantil una serie de hábitos saludables relacionados con la alimentación, la higiene y el ejercicio físico, debido al aumento de problemas nutricionales y de salud relacionados con la mala alimentación en la infancia. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido el diseño de una propuesta didáctica que se ha trabajado en un aula de tres años, orientada a promover con...

Two-Spotted Ladybeetle Adalia bipunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): A Commercially Available Predator to Control Asian Citrus Psyllid Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Khan, Azhar A; Qureshi, Jawwad A; Afzal, Muhammad; Stansly, Philip A

2016-01-01

The Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) is an economically important pest of citrus because it serves as a vector of the causal pathogens of huanglongbing (HLB) also known as citrus greening disease. The increased use of insecticides for control of D. citri negatively impacts several natural enemies including some effective ladybeetle species which are not available commercially. The two-spotted ladybeetle, Adalia bipunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is found in some crop and forest ecosystems of Asia, Europe and North America and available commercially. It is known to attack aphids and mealybugs but there are no published records of feeding on psyllids. We evaluated suitability and preference of A. bipunctata for nymphs of D. citri compared to corn leaf aphid Rhopalosiphum maidis (Hemiptera: Aphididae) a global pest of cereal crops and prey for many predaceous insects. We also compared development and reproduction of A. bipunctata on these two species with frozen eggs of the Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) at 25°C. Initially, more D. citri than R. maidis nymphs were consumed in the no-choice tests although final consumption by larva and adult of A. bipunctata did not differ in the choice and no-choice tests. Larval development was prolonged by one day on D. citri compared to R. maidis nymphs but did not differ between either of these diets and E. kuehniella. Larval survival to adult averaged 93-100% and was not impacted by diet. Adult life span did not differ between diets although those on D. citri and R. maidis nymphs weighed less and produced fewer but more fertile eggs than on E. kuehniella eggs. Significant reduction of D. citri nymphs averaging 54% was observed in colonies caged with adult A. bipunctata on field planted citrus. R° (net reproductive rate) was least for beetles fed R. maidis, but otherwise there were no significant differences in demographic parameters. Successful

Definir al autor. Desde la propiedad intelectual hasta el movimiento derecho y literatura

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julio César Padilla Herrera

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Comúnmente, analizar la definición de autor es una tarea que en investigación jurídica seaborda desde la propiedad intelectual. En aquella, el autor se asemeja a un propietario dederechos exclusivos y excluyentes, con lo cual se fundamenta una noción cerrada. Pero otraforma –quizás más propicia– de análisis se encuentra en la crítica literaria, situada aquí enla disyunción derecho-literatura. Desde esta última se pretenden hacer evidentes algunoselementos interpretativos que den apertura a la noción unívoca que se halla en la propiedadintelectual. Por lo anterior el presente texto analizará la noción de autor que existe en el derechode autor y en un sector de la crítica literaria con dos propósitos fundaméntales: primerocuestionar el paradigma de autonomía del individuo creador/propietario, y, segundo, aportarcriterios adicionales que permitan superar el significado unívoco de la definición de autor.

Congestión vehicular en Medellín: una posible solución desde la economía

OpenAIRE

Corrales Espinosa, Alejandro

2016-01-01

Desde la teoría económica se plantean los mecanismos basados en precios como una herramienta adecuada para solucionar el problema de congestión vehicular -- El objetivo de este artículo es diagnosticar el nivel de congestión vehicular de la ciudad de Medellín y proponer alternativas que desde la economía permitan dar solución ha dicho problema -- A diferencia de otros estudios, esta investigación analizó la relación entre gasto en transporte y la elección de transporte (público o privado) a t...

Competencias desde la perspectiva intercultural para el grado de educación infantil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernando GONZÁLEZ ALONSO

2005-01-01

adecuar sus titulaciones hacia el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior, a través de la planificación de los grados en Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria. La propuesta de competencias específicas desde la perspectiva intercultural para Educación infantil, puede resultar un interesante punto de partida.

INTERCONEXIÓN HOMBRE-MENTE-NATURALEZA DESDE EL TAOÍSMO UNA MIRADA DESDE EL YIN-YANG

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Arlés Gómez Arévalo

2006-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo, corresponde al proyecto investigativo “Ciencia-espiritualidad”, que indaga, entre otros aspectos, por las conexiones que se establecen entre el mundo de la ciencia occidental y las antiguas tradiciones del Lejano Oriente, más concretamente por el aporte del hinduismo, del budismo y del taoísmo en la comprensión de las problemáticas del hombre contemporáneo. En esta investigación, se hace un análisis del taoísmo, tradición de la antigua civilización China y sus conexiones con la reflexión occidental sobre la energía, la mente humana y la naturaleza. En el pensamiento taoísta, hay una visión de unidad indisoluble entre hombre y naturaleza. El hombre mismo hace parte de la unidad del cosmos: él mismo es naturaleza. Desde esta perspectiva, se analizan algunos de los aportes que esta milenaria tradición hace a la investigación actual sobre ciencia y espiritualidad y a la comprensión de nuevos discursos que se constituyen en temas fronterizos entre la fe y la ciencia contemporánea.

Los problemas desigualitarios de la Teoría de la Justicia de John Rawls. Una mirada desde Hannah Arendt

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Benente, Mauro

2011-12-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo desarrollo los principios de justicia esbozados por el filósofo norteamericano John Rawls y presento las críticas que desde perspectivas igualitarias han efectuado Ronald Dworkin, Amartya Sen y Gerald Cohen. Finalmente presento las objeciones que podrían trazarse a la teoría de Rawls desde la obra de Hannah Arendt, críticas que no apuntan a los criterios de distribución de bienes sino al presupuesto de la sociedad entendida como sistema cerrado.

Aportes a la formación docente, desde el nivel superior con la mirada puesta en el nivel primario

OpenAIRE

Alaniz, Mariana; Muñoz, Myriam del Carmen

2015-01-01

En este trabajo nos propusimos repensar la formación docente desde la escuela y las prácticas escolares desde la formación docente, tomando como eje problematizador las concepciones en torno a los contenidos de las Ciencias Sociales. En un proceso retrospectivo, surgió hacia el interior de los equipos de cátedra en el Profesorado de Enseñanza para la Educación Primaria, un núcleo de problemas que han orientado los objetivos de la investigación y las producciones que de allí se desp...

Molecular and morphological identification of  pistachio armored scale insects (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), with description of a new species.

Science.gov (United States)

Hosseininaveh, Fatemeh; Nozari, Jamasb; Kaydan, Mehmet Bora; Hosseininaveh, Vahid

2016-12-01

Members of the family Diaspididae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) can be devastating pests that suck parenchyma cell contents from crops and cause severe damage to pistachio trees (Pistacia vera L.). The current research collected and characterized diaspidid species from pistachio orchards in Kerman province, Iran, according to their morphological and molecular features. Lepidosaphes pistaciae Archangelskaya, Suturaspis davatchi (Balachowsky & Kaussari) and Melanaspis inopinata (Leonardi) are redescribed and a new species, Melanaspis pistaciae Hosseininaveh & Kaydan sp. n., is described. Phylogenetic trees based on molecular analysis of COI and 28S rDNA fragments placed all the species in separated clades and confirmed M. pistaciae as a new taxon which is concluded by morphological differences. Molecular analysis suggests non-monophyly of the populations of each species. Melanaspis pistaciae sp. n. has spread to most cultivated pistachio areas in Iran and has probably been misidentified as M. inopinata in the past. Further investigation of the biology of this species may lead to development of more effective approaches for controlling this pest.

Effects of temperature and food on the development of Dysdercus maurus Distant (Hemiptera, Pyrrhocoridae); Efeitos da temperatura e do alimento no desenvolvimento de Dysdercus maurus Distant (Hemiptera, Pyrrhocoridae)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Almeida, Fabio Souto [Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropedica, RJ (Brazil). Dept. de Ciencias Ambientais], e-mail: fbio_almeida@yahoo.com.br; Goncalves, Lenicio [Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropedica, RJ (Brazil). Dept. de Biologia Animal. Area de Biologia], e-mail: lencygon@globo.com

2007-10-15

Dysdercus maurus Distant, 1901 (Hemiptera, Pyrrhocoridae) is an important pest on Gossypium spp. (cotton tree), Citrus sinensis Osbeck (Rutaceae) and Citrus reticulata Blanco (Rutaceae) crops. This insect also feeds on seeds of Chorisia speciosa St. Hil. (Bombacaceae). This work aimed to evaluate the effects of temperature and food on the development of D. maurus. Eight treatments were carried out, in six of them bugs were fed with seeds of C. speciosa and kept at 15, 18, 20, 25 and 30 {+-} 1 deg C, 80 {+-} 3% RH and 12h photo phase or in laboratory conditions (23.5 {+-} 2.6 deg C, 73.3 {+-} 9.9 % RH), and in the other two treatments bugs were fed with seeds of cotton variety IAC-22 and kept at 25 or 30 deg C. In all treatments five immature stages were observed. The increase of temperature caused reduction in the developmental time. The temperature of 15 deg C disabled nymphal eclosion and was also lethal to those nymphs ecloded at other temperatures. The lower mortality of nymphs occurred in the temperature of 25 deg C with cotton as food (24.07%). The lower threshold temperature (Tb) occurred for the first instar (11.54 deg C) and the higher for the second instar (15.33 deg C). The females of D. maurus required more degree-days (329.93 degree-days) than males (300.49 degree-days) until adult emergence. (author)

The Damage Capacity of Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant, 1909 (Hemiptera: Cercopidae Adults on Brachiaria ruziziensis Pasture

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tiago Teixeira Resende

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to determine the damage caused by adult Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant, 1909 (Hemiptera: Cercopidae on Brachiaria ruziziensis (Germain & Evard under field conditions. A total of 0, 4, 8, 12, or 16 M. spectabilis adults per plot were maintained for 6 days. Thereafter, the insects were removed from the plant, and the following parameters were evaluated: chlorophyll content, damage score, dry as well as fresh weights, percentage of shoots’ dry matter, and the forage’s ability to regrow. The chlorophyll content was significantly reduced; the damage score and percentage of dry matter in plants increased depending on the increased insect infestation density after 6 days of exposure. In contrast, no change was observed on the B. ruziziensis fresh and dry weights as well as the regrowth capacity depending on the M. spectabilis infestation densities. Attacks by 8 adult M. spectabilis per clump of B. ruziziensis with an average of 80 tillers for 6 days were sufficient to reduce the chlorophyll content and the functional plant loss index. This density can be a reference for spittlebug integrated management in Brachiaria.

La pespectiva ética de la evaluación de los aprendizajes desde un enfoque constructivista

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mario Segura Castillo

2007-01-01

Full Text Available El presente ensayo tiene como finalidad abordar los puntos fundamentales de la evaluación de los aprendizajes desde un enfoque constructivista. Asimismo, ésta se puede utilizar como una herramienta ética para reflexionar sobre el uso que le ha dado el Ministerio de Educación Pública de Costa Rica (MEP a la evaluación de los aprendizajes. En este orden de ideas, se considera al diálogo como la herramienta fundamental de la ética para que la evaluación de los aprendizajes se lleve a cabo desde un enfoque constructivista. Es importante que en la evaluación de los aprendizajes los docentes no se separen de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de los estudiantes, para lo cual deberán tomar en cuenta las decisiones pedagógicas para promover que la enseñanza atienda la diversidad de los estudiantes y promueva el aprendizaje con sentido y valor funcional. Para ello se requiere de procesos metacognitivos como parte de la mediación pedagógica de los docentes, es decir, convertir el salón de clase en un espacio democrático, colaborativo y autoevaluativo. La evaluación de los aprendizajes desde un enfoque constructivista se conceptualiza en el presente ensayo, como un proceso de diálogo, reflexión y mejora constante de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje, de la población estudiantil que permite la toma de decisiones, la realimentación y la emisión de juicios de valor en condiciones auténticas dentro y fuera del salón de clase. Se propone desde la evaluación de los aprendizajes, con un enfoque constructivista, un reconocimiento de un nuevo concepto de credibilidad que tome en cuenta las consecuencias sociales y éticas del personal docente cuando lleva a la práctica la evaluación de los aprendizajes.

Experiences of teenage pregnancy explained from the social standpoint Experiencias y vivencias del embarazo en adolescentes explicadas desde lo social Experiências e vivências da gravidez em adolescentes explicadas desde uma perspectiva social

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

DURÁN DE VILLALOBOS MARÍA MERCEDES

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Describing and explaining from the social standpoint the experiences of pregnant teenagers, as the context for the provision of integral care, individualized and contextualized, is necessary for nursing practicing, and to address this phenomenon as a social fact, it is imperative to assimilate the realities of the social world to those of the world outside, adopting the principle that what they are is completely ignored, recognizing that the social fact cannot be modified by a simple will decree, but that it demands an extensive effort, considering the experience from outside and within. To present a conceptual and referential fra-mework from the social standpoint, interpreting the experience will enable the nurse to understand this phenomenon when such experiences involve or put at risk the pregnant adolescent, all the more since the clinic nursing practice has been studied primarily from a sociological perspective, since it shares a significant social importance and a social objective focused on facilitating, supporting and attending to individuals, families, communities and/or societies to enhance, maintain and recuperate health and to reduce and alleviate the effects of disease, with the explicit result of promoting the quality of life related with health within the immediate and broader environmental contexts.Describir y explicar desde lo social las experiencias y vivencias de las adolescentes embarazadas, como el contexto para una provisión de cuidado integral, individualizado y contextualizado, es necesario para la práctica de enfermería, y tratar este fenómeno como hecho social exige asimilar las realidades del mundo social a las del mundo exterior, adoptando el principio de que se ignora por completo lo que son, reconociendo que el hecho social no puede ser modificado por un simple decreto de la voluntad, sino que exige un esfuerzo laborioso, considerando la experiencia desde los ámbitos interno y externo. Presentar un marco

Experiencias y vivencias del embarazo en adolescentes explicadas desde lo social Experiências e vivências da gravidez em adolescentes explicadas desde uma perspectiva social Experiences of teenage pregnancy explained from the social standpoint

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

VIRGINIA INÉS SOTO

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Describir y explicar desde lo social las experiencias y vivencias de las adolescentes embarazadas, como el contexto para una provisión de cuidado integral, individualizado y contextualizado, es necesario para la práctica de enfermería, y tratar este fenómeno como hecho social exige asimilar las realidades del mundo social a las del mundo exterior, adoptando el principio de que se ignora por completo lo que son, reconociendo que el hecho social no puede ser modificado por un simple decreto de la voluntad, sino que exige un esfuerzo laborioso, considerando la experiencia desde los ámbitos interno y externo. Presentar un marco conceptual y referencial desde lo social, interpretando la experiencia y la vivencia, permitirá a la enfermera comprender este fenómeno cuando dichas experiencias involucran o ponen en riesgo la salud de la adolescente gestante, máxime que la práctica clínica de enfermería se ha estudiado primariamente desde una perspectiva sociológica, pues comparte una importancia social destacada y un fin social, centrada en facilitar, apoyar y atender a los individuos, familias, comunidades y/o sociedades para realzar, mantener y recuperar la salud, y reducir y aliviar los efectos de la enfermedad, con el resultado explícito de promover la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud dentro de contextos ambientales inmediatos y más amplios.Descrever e explicar as experiências e vivências das adolescentes grávidas com um olhar sobre o social, como um contexto para o fornecimento de cuidados integral, individualizado e contextualizado, é um aspecto essencial para a prática da enfermagem, e tratar esse fenômeno como fato social exige assimilar as realidades do mundo social àquelas do mundo exterior, obedecendo ao princípio baseado no desconhecimento sobre o queelassão,reconhecendoque ofatosocialnão pode sermodificado por um simples decreto da vontade, mas que ele precisa um esforço laborioso, considerando a experi

Norma Arrostito. Mujer política. Su construcción subjetiva desde la militancia Montonera

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Leandro Diego Basanta Crespo

2013-05-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-1384.2013v10n1p89 O artículo aborda la experiencia de la militancia política de Norma Arrostito, desde donde se visualizan conflictos y problemáticas entre sus aspectos personales y la organización política Montoneros. La relevancia de este estudio surgió en pensar a Norma Arrostito como uno de los muchos capítulos relegados de la vida política de los años setenta. Siendo un personaje mítico y paradójico, sentí necesario lograr una comprensión de su figura y su militancia en esos años. Desde este punto se tomó en cuenta para el análisis: la construcción de su figura en la militancia política, su participación en la organización Montoneros, los límites que la organización Político-Militar le impone y el entrelazamiento de todos estos temas con su condición de mujer, la violencia y el contexto político de los años 70´. El período de análisis de mi trabajo fue desde la aparición pública de Norma Arrostito por el secuestro de Aramburu (29 de mayo de 1970 hasta su detención (2 de diciembre de 1976. Su progresiva marginación de la conducción nacional ¿Se fundamenta en cuestiones propias de su personalidad o bien, ella es una expresión más de las desigualdades entre los géneros dentro de la organización Montoneros?  La imposibilidad de torcer las decisiones de la organización Montoneros tal vez hicieron a Norma Arrostito presa de un destino que desde algún punto eligió, sin olvidarse que cualquier ser humano es el producto de sus prácticas sociales. Y partiendo de esta última afirmación, la subordinación femenina estuvo siempre presente.

Outsourcing y Business Process Outsourcing desde la Teoría Económica de la Agencia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Luis Duque-Ceballos

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El presente documento tiene por objetivo elaborar una aproximación conceptual al outsourcing desde la Teoría Económica, determinando sus elementos estructurales y funcionales para realizar un proceso de análisis acerca del surgimiento de este y en la actualidad del BPO ( Business Process Outsourcing . Se hace entonces una primera descripción de los elementos constitutivos del outsourcing desde diferentes perspectivas y autores consultados a través de una revisión, tanto en libros como del estado del arte de este concepto; posteriormente una descripción acerca de los principales postulados de la Teoría de la Agencia, para delimitar la orientación bajo la cual se analizará el Outsourcing y posteriormente se cumple el correspondiente enlace conceptual.

Molecular markers reveal infestation dynamics of the bed bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) within apartment buildings.

Science.gov (United States)

Booth, Warren; Saenz, Virna L; Santangelo, Richard G; Wang, Changlu; Schal, Coby; Vargo, Edward L

2012-05-01

The bed bug, Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), has experienced an extraordinary global resurgence in recent years, the reasons for which remain poorly understood. Once considered a pest of lower socioeconomic classes, bed bugs are now found extensively across all residential settings, with widespread infestations established in multiapartment buildings. Within such buildings, understanding the population genetic structure and patterns of dispersal may prove critical to the development of effective control strategies. Here, we describe the development of 24 high-resolution microsatellite markers through next generation 454 pyrosequencing and their application to elucidate infestation dynamics within three multistory apartment buildings in the United States. Results reveal contrasting characteristics potentially representative of geographic or locale differences. In Raleigh, NC, an infestation within an apartment building seemed to have started from a single introduction followed by extensive spread. In Jersey City, NJ, two or more introductions followed by spread are evident in two buildings. Populations within single apartments in all buildings were characterized by high levels of relatedness and low levels of diversity, indicative of foundation from small, genetically depauperate propagules. Regardless of the number of unique introductions, genetic data indicate that spread within buildings is extensive, supporting both active and human-mediated dispersal within and between adjacent rooms or apartments spanning multiple floors.

Exposure to Guava Affects Citrus Olfactory Cues and Attractiveness to Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Barman, Jagadish Chandra; Campbell, Stuart A; Zeng, Xinnian

2016-06-01

Intercropping can reduce agricultural pest incidence, and represents an important sustainable alternative to conventional pest control methods. Understanding the ecological mechanisms for intercropping could help optimize its use, particularly in tropical systems which present a large number of intercropping possibilities. Citrus is threatened worldwide by greening disease (huanglongbing, HLB) vectored by the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae). Control of HLB and citrus psyllid can be partially achieved through intercropping with guava, Psidium guajava L., but the mechanisms remain unclear. We tested the hypothesis that guava olfactory cues affect psyllid behavior by altering the attractiveness of citrus through plant-plant interactions. In choice and no-choice cage experiments, psyllid settlement was reduced on citrus shoots that had been exposed to guava shoot odors for at least 2 h. In Y-tube olfactometer experiments, psyllids oriented to odors of unexposed, compared with guava-exposed, citrus shoots. These behavioral results indicate that a mechanism for the success of guava intercropping for sustainable, ecological disease management may be the indirect effect of guava on citrus attractiveness. © The Authors 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Understanding trophic interactions of Orius spp. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) in lettuce crops by molecular methods.

Science.gov (United States)

Gomez-Polo, Priscila; Alomar, Oscar; Castañé, Cristina; Aznar-Fernández, Thaïs; Lundgren, Jonathan G; Piñol, Josep; Agustí, Nuria

2016-02-01

The aphid Nasonovia ribisnigri (Mosley) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) are common pests in Mediterranean lettuce crops, where Orius spp. are common generalist predators. Predation by Orius spp. was studied in a lettuce plot by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR analyses using specific primers of both main pests. Also, high-throughput sequencing was used to have a wider approach of the diet of these predators in natural field conditions. Molecular analyses indicated a higher predation on N. ribisnigri in spring and on F. occidentalis in summer. Predation on alternative prey, like Collembola, was also found in both seasons. Real-time PCR was more sensitive than conventional PCR in showing the target trophic links, whereas high-throughput sequencing revealed predation on other natural enemies - intraguild predation (IGP), showing other trophic interactions of Orius majusculus within the studied ecosystem. This study gives important information about the trophic relationships present in Mediterranean lettuce crops in different periods of the year. The detected predation by Orius spp. on alternative prey, as well as on other natural enemies, should be further investigated to clarify whether it adds or detracts to the biological control of N. ribisnigri and F. occidentalis. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.

Tratado de libre comercio entre Colombia y los Estados Unidos desde el análisis económico del derecho

OpenAIRE

Aldana Carrillo, Diego David

2015-01-01

El presente trabajo es una aproximación al Tratado de Libre Comercio entre Colombia y los Estados Unidos desde el Análisis Económico del Derecho. Inicialmente se reconstruye la normativa del acuerdo y sus funciones económicas fundamentales, contextualizando el libre comercio con Estados Unidos desde una perspectiva comparada, y analizando su papel tanto en el ámbito de la economía globalizada como en el ordenamiento jurídico nacional. Posteriormente se realiza una aproximación conceptual al A...

Laboratory Evaluation of Different Insecticides against Hibiscus Mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Samman Fatima

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae, is the major pest of many vegetables, fruits, crops, and ornamental plants causing losses to the farmers and its control has been an issue of significance in the pest management. This study was aimed at evaluating different concentrations (0.06%, 0.1%, and 0.14% of Telsta, Advantage, Talstar, Imidacloprid, and their mixtures against hibiscus mealybug in the Laboratory of Systematics and Pest Management at University of Gujrat, Pakistan. The toxic effect was evaluated in the laboratory bioassay after 24 and 48 h of the application of insecticides. The highest mortality (95.83% was shown by Talstar and Talstar + Imidacloprid at the concentration of 0.14% after 48 h followed by Advantage + Talstar with 87.50% mortality at 0.14% concentration after 48 h of application. The study also showed that the least effective treatment observed was Advantage + Telsta with no mortality after 24 h and 25% mortality after 48 h at 0.14% concentration. The study revealed that the concentration 0.14% was highly effective in lowering the mealybug population and insecticide mixtures were effective in reducing mealybug density. The study emphasizes the use of such insecticide mixtures to develop better management strategy for mealybug populations attacking ornamental plants. However effects of such insecticide mixtures on other organisms and biological control agents should be checked under field conditions.

The Hemiptera (Insecta) of Canada: Constructing a Reference Library of DNA Barcodes

Science.gov (United States)

Gwiazdowski, Rodger A.; Foottit, Robert G.; Maw, H. Eric L.; Hebert, Paul D. N.

2015-01-01

DNA barcode reference libraries linked to voucher specimens create new opportunities for high-throughput identification and taxonomic re-evaluations. This study provides a DNA barcode library for about 45% of the recognized species of Canadian Hemiptera, and the publically available R workflow used for its generation. The current library is based on the analysis of 20,851 specimens including 1849 species belonging to 628 genera and 64 families. These individuals were assigned to 1867 Barcode Index Numbers (BINs), sequence clusters that often coincide with species recognized through prior taxonomy. Museum collections were a key source for identified specimens, but we also employed high-throughput collection methods that generated large numbers of unidentified specimens. Many of these specimens represented novel BINs that were subsequently identified by taxonomists, adding barcode coverage for additional species. Our analyses based on both approaches includes 94 species not listed in the most recent Canadian checklist, representing a potential 3% increase in the fauna. We discuss the development of our workflow in the context of prior DNA barcode library construction projects, emphasizing the importance of delineating a set of reference specimens to aid investigations in cases of nomenclatural and DNA barcode discordance. The identification for each specimen in the reference set can be annotated on the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD), allowing experts to highlight questionable identifications; annotations can be added by any registered user of BOLD, and instructions for this are provided. PMID:25923328

Molecular and Morphological Identification of Mealybug Species (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Brazilian Vineyards

Science.gov (United States)

Pacheco da Silva, Vitor C.; Bertin, Aline; Blin, Aurélie; Germain, Jean-François; Bernardi, Daniel; Rignol, Guylène; Botton, Marcos; Malausa, Thibaut

2014-01-01

Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are pests constraining the international trade of Brazilian table grapes. They damage grapes by transmitting viruses and toxins, causing defoliation, chlorosis, and vigor losses and favoring the development of sooty mold. Difficulties in mealybug identification remain an obstacle to the adequate management of these pests. In this study, our primary aim was to identify the principal mealybug species infesting the major table grape-producing regions in Brazil, by morphological and molecular characterization. Our secondary aim was to develop a rapid identification kit based on species-specific Polymerase Chain Reactions, to facilitate the routine identification of the most common pest species. We surveyed 40 sites infested with mealybugs and identified 17 species: Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell), Dysmicoccus sylvarum Williams and Granara de Willink, Dysmicoccus texensis (Tinsley), Ferrisia cristinae Kaydan and Gullan, Ferrisia meridionalis Williams, Ferrisia terani Williams and Granara de Willink, Phenacoccus baccharidis Williams, Phenacoccus parvus Morrison, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, Planococcus citri (Risso), Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret), Pseudococcus cryptus Hempel, four taxa closely related each of to Pseudococcus viburni, Pseudococcus sociabilis Hambleton, Pseudococcus maritimus (Ehrhorn) and Pseudococcus meridionalis Prado, and one specimen from the genus Pseudococcus Westwood. The PCR method developed effectively identified five mealybug species of economic interest on grape in Brazil: D. brevipes, Pl. citri, Ps. viburni, Ph. solenopsis and Planococcus ficus (Signoret). Nevertheless, it is not possible to assure that this procedure is reliable for taxa that have not been sampled already and might be very closely related to the target species. PMID:25062012

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Commercial Watermelon Crops.

Science.gov (United States)

Lima, Carlos H O; Sarmento, Renato A; Galdino, Tarcísio V S; Pereira, Poliana S; Silva, Joedna; Souza, Danival J; Dos Santos, Gil R; Costa, Thiago L; Picanço, Marcelo C

2018-04-16

Spatiotemporal dynamics studies of crop pests enable the determination of the colonization pattern and dispersion of these insects in the landscape. Geostatistics is an efficient tool for these studies: to determine the spatial distribution pattern of the pest in the crops and to make maps that represent this situation. Analysis of these maps across the development of plants can be used as a tool in precision agriculture programs. Watermelon, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai (Cucurbitales: Cucurbitaceae), is the second most consumed fruit in the world, and the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is one of the most important pests of this crop. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the spatiotemporal distribution of B. tabaci in commercial watermelon crops using geostatistics. For 2 yr, we monitored adult whitefly densities in eight watermelon crops in a tropical climate region. The location of the samples and other crops in the landscape was georeferenced. Experimental data were submitted to geostatistical analysis. The colonization of B. tabaci had two patterns. In the first, the colonization started at the outermost parts of the crop. In the second, the insects occupied the whole area of the crop since the beginning of cultivation. The maximum distance between sites of watermelon crops in which spatial dependence of B. tabaci densities was observed was 19.69 m. The adult B. tabaci densities in the eight watermelon fields were positively correlated with rainfall and relative humidity, whereas wind speed negatively affected whiteflies population.

Degree Day Requirements for Kudzu Bug (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), a Pest of Soybeans.

Science.gov (United States)

Grant, Jessica I; Lamp, William O

2018-04-02

Understanding the phenology of a new potential pest is fundamental for the development of a management program. Megacopta cribraria Fabricius (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), kudzu bug, is a pest of soybeans first detected in the United States in 2009 and in Maryland in 2013. We observed the phenology of kudzu bug life stages in Maryland, created a Celsius degree-day (CDD) model for development, and characterized the difference between microhabitat and ambient temperatures of both kudzu, Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. (Fabales: Fabaceae) and soybeans, Glycine max (L.) Merrill (Fabales: Fabaceae). In 2014, low population numbers yielded limited resolution from field phenology observations. We observed kudzu bug populations persisting within Maryland; but between 2013 and 2016, populations were low compared to populations in the southeastern United States. Based on the degree-day model, kudzu bug eggs require 80 CDD at a minimum temperature of 14°C to hatch. Nymphs require 545 CDD with a minimum temperature of 16°C for development. The CDD model matches field observations when factoring a biofix date of April 1 and a minimum preoviposition period of 17 d. The model suggests two full generations per year in Maryland. Standard air temperature monitors do not affect model predictions for pest management, as microhabitat temperature differences did not show a clear trend between kudzu and soybeans. Ultimately, producers can predict the timing of kudzu bug life stages with the CDD model for the use of timing management plans in soybean fields.

Molecular Characterization and Expression Profiles of Polygalacturonase Genes in Apolygus lucorum (Hemiptera: Miridae.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lili Zhang

Full Text Available Polygalacturonase (PG is an enzyme in the salivary glands of piercing-sucking mirid bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae that plays a key role in plant feeding and injury. By constructing a full-length cDNA library, we cloned and characterized 14 PG genes from the salivary glands of Apolygus lucorum, a pestiferous mirid bug in cotton, fruit trees and other crops in China. BLAST search analysis showed that the amino acid sequences deduced from transcripts of the PG genes were closely related to PGs from other mirid bugs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the PGs of mirid bugs had six main branches, PG1-PG6 (Genbank accession numbers: KF881899~KF881912. We investigated the mRNA expression patterns of the A. lucorum PG genes using real-time PCR. All 14 PGs were expressed significantly higher in the salivary glands than in other tissues (head, thorax, abdomen, leg and wing. For eggs and nymphs, the expression levels of these PGs were much higher in the 5th instar stage than in the egg, and 1st and 3rd instar stages. The PG expression levels in 1-day-old adults were very low, and increased in 5, 20 and 30-day-old adults. Additionally, PG expression levels were generally similar between males and females. The possible physiological functions of PGs in A. lucorum were discussed.

Effects of gamma irradiation on different stages of mealybug Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The, Doan Thi; Khanh, Nguyen Thuy; Lang, Vo Thi Kim; Van Chung, Cao; An, Tran Thi Thien; Thi, Nguyen Hoang Hanh

2012-01-01

Utilization of phytosanitary irradiation as a potential treatment to disinfest agricultural commodities in trade has expanded rapidly in the recent years. Cobalt-60 gamma ray target doses of 100, 150, 200 and 250 Gy were used to irradiate immatures and adults of Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (Beardsley) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) infesting dragon fruits to find the most tolerant stage and the most optimal dose range for quarantine treatment. In general, irradiation affected significantly all life stages of D. neobrevipes mortality and adult reproduction. The pattern of tolerance to irradiation in D. neobrevipes was 1st instars<2nd instars<3rd instars< adults, in which the adult is the most tolerant stage. Based on obtained results after 21 days of irradiation, predicted doses for 100% mortality of each different development stage in the above mentioned pattern were 224.6, 241.3, 330.9 and 581.5 Gy, respectively. No survived female adult produced offspring at 200 and 250 Gy. Dose range between 200 and 250 Gy could be efficient to prevent the reproduction of this mealybug. - Highlights: → Gamma Co-60 irradiation as a potential phytosanitary for quarantine treatments. → Reproduction ability of D. neobrevipes has been efficiently inhibited at low dose. → Pattern of tolerance to irradiation was 1st<2nd<3rd instars< adults. → Doses from 200 to 250 Gy could be efficient to prevent the reproduction of mealybug.

Effects of gamma irradiation on different stages of mealybug Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The, Doan Thi, E-mail: doanthithe@yahoo.com [Research and Development Center for Radiation Technology, Vietnam Atomic Energy Institute, 202A Street 11, Linh Xuan Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City (Viet Nam); Khanh, Nguyen Thuy; Lang, Vo Thi Kim; Van Chung, Cao [Research and Development Center for Radiation Technology, Vietnam Atomic Energy Institute, 202A Street 11, Linh Xuan Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City (Viet Nam); An, Tran Thi Thien; Thi, Nguyen Hoang Hanh [Agriculture and Forestry University, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City (Viet Nam)

2012-01-15

Utilization of phytosanitary irradiation as a potential treatment to disinfest agricultural commodities in trade has expanded rapidly in the recent years. Cobalt-60 gamma ray target doses of 100, 150, 200 and 250 Gy were used to irradiate immatures and adults of Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (Beardsley) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) infesting dragon fruits to find the most tolerant stage and the most optimal dose range for quarantine treatment. In general, irradiation affected significantly all life stages of D. neobrevipes mortality and adult reproduction. The pattern of tolerance to irradiation in D. neobrevipes was 1st instars<2nd instars<3rd instars Gamma Co-60 irradiation as a potential phytosanitary for quarantine treatments. > Reproduction ability of D. neobrevipes has been efficiently inhibited at low dose. > Pattern of tolerance to irradiation was 1st<2nd<3rd instars Doses from 200 to 250 Gy could be efficient to prevent the reproduction of mealybug.

Gobierno de Barack Obama: una explicación desde el institucionalismo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Javier Garay

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Este artículo trata de explicar, desde el institucionalismo, los problemas domésticos que ha tenido el gobierno de Barack Obama en los Estados Unidos. Se parte del hecho que este gobierno ha tenido una buena imagen en el ámbito internacional, pero ha tenido dificultades para generar consensos en el ámbito doméstico. Para esto, en el artículo se afirma que este gobierno demócrata se aleja de los valores, cultura y sociedad estadounidenses.

UNA APROXIMACIÓN A LA PLANEACIÓN MINERA A CIELO ABIERTO DESDE UN ENFOQUE BASADO EN DECISIONES BAJO INCERTIDUMBRE

OpenAIRE

FRANCO SEPÚLVEDA, GIOVANNI; BRANCH BEDOYA, JOHN WILLIAN; JARAMILLO ÁLVAREZ, PATRICIA

2010-01-01

En este artículo se presenta en primer lugar una descripción del proceso de planeamiento minero desde un punto de vista clásico y su relación con los actuales procesos de planeamiento minero que tienen como base la optimización en sus diferentes etapas. Seguidamente, se realiza un acercamiento a los procesos de planeación minera a cielo abierto desde un enfoque basado en decisiones bajo incertidumbre. Por último, se lleva a cabo un análisis crítico de los artículos encontrados clasificándolos...

New record of Helopeltis bradyi Waterhouse and Pachypeltis maesarum Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Miridae on tea Camellia sinensis L.O. (Kuntze in southern India

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kodakkadan SRIKUMAR

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Helopeltis theivora commonly called as tea mosquito bug (TMB is considered as important pest of tea in South India. Extensive survey in tea plantations of Anamallais, recorded H. bradyi and Pachypeltis maesarum (Hemiptera: Miridae causing considerable damage and were registered for the first time on tea. Their occurrence was seen in association with H. theivora. There was considerable variation among these species in size of the circular rings formed by rostral piercing, indicating that these three species can be easily demarcated based on the observation of feeding punctures even in field condition. As the dosage and recommendations of insecticides against TMB in tea in south India was pertaining only to H. theivora the addition of H. bradyi and P. maesarum will improve the future pest management strategies.

First report of Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green, 1908) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) and the associated parasitoid Anagyrus kamali Moursi, 1948 (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), in Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Marsaro Júnior, A L; Peronti, A L B G; Penteado-Dias, A M; Morais, E G F; Pereira, P R V S

2013-05-01

The pink hibiscus mealybug (PHM), Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and the associated hymenopterous parasitoid, Anagyrus kamali Moursi, 1948 (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), are reported for the first time in Brazil. Specimens of the PHM were collected on nine hosts plants, Annona muricata L. (Anonnaceae), Glycine max (L.) Merr. (Fabaceae), Centrolobium paraensis Tul. (Fabaceae), Inga edulis Mart. (Fabaceae), Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (Malvaceae), Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae), Averrhoa carambola L. (Oxalidaceae), Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck (Rutaceae) and Solanum lycopersicum L. (Solanaceae), in four municipalities in the north-northeast of the state of Roraima. The plants C. paraensis, I. edulis and C. sinensis are recorded for the first time as a hosts for PHM. Characteristic injuries observed on the host plants infested by PHM and suggestions for its management are presented.

Phenology of the Pine Bark Adelgid, Pineus strobi (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), in White Pine Forests of Southwestern Virginia.

Science.gov (United States)

Wantuch, Holly A; Kuhar, Thomas P; Salom, Scott M

2017-12-08

The pine bark adelgid, Pineus strobi Hartig (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), is a native herbivore of eastern white pine, Pinus strobus L. (Pinales: Pinaceae), in eastern North America. P. strobi does not appear to have any dominant overwintering lifestage in southwest Virginia, as it does in its northern range. Eggs can be found consistently from late March through early December and may be produced sporadically later throughout the winter during warm periods. Two distinct generations were observed in the spring, after which life stage frequencies overlapped. Adult body size varied seasonally and was greatest in the spring. The present study constitutes the first recording of phenological details of the P. strobi in its southern range, informing biological control efforts aimed at closely related invasive pests. The phenological plasticity observed between northern and southern P. strobi populations provides insight into the potential effects of climate on the population dymanics of this and related species. © The Authors 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Nitrogen in Hydroponic Growing Medium of Tomato Affects the Demographic Parameters of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Hosseini, R S; Madadi, H; Hosseini, M; Delshad, M; Dashti, F

2015-12-01

We evaluated the effects of different nitrogen levels (380, 310, 240, and 174 ppm) on the life history parameters of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on hydroponically cultured tomato plants. Our data show that there is a positive correlation between the nitrogen content and the demographic parameters, as the intrinsic rate of increase of T. vaporariorum was the lowest (0.059 ± 0.007 day(-1)) at 174 ppm and the highest (0.088 ± 0.005 day(-1)) at 380 ppm of nitrogen. The net reproduction rate (R 0), finite rate of increase (λ), and mean developmental time (T) were significantly influenced by the nitrogen levels. The mean longevity of males and females showed a positive relationship with the nitrogen level, ranging from 64.8 ± 3.96 to 76.3 ± 2.44 for males and 61.6 ± 5.35 to 71.2 ± 2.44 for females, observed in the lowest and highest nitrogen levels, respectively. The relationship between nitrogen fertilization and T. vaporariorum management on tomato crops is discussed.

UNA MIRADA A LA EDUCACIÓN PARA LA VIDA DESDE LA PEDAGOGÍA Y LA DIDÁCTICA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Ignacio Reyes González

2016-04-01

Full Text Available La educación para la vida es el centro de atención de las reflexiones de esta ponencia. Se presentan consideraciones teóricas sobre el papel de la educación para la vida desde la Pedagogía y la Didáctica, desde las mejores tradiciones del pensamiento pedagógico y educativo cubano. El artículo tiene como eje central demostrar que la educación para la vida debe ser explicada cada vez más como un transversal del contenido pedagógico y didáctico en función de promover la educación integral de niños, adolescentes, jóvenes y adultos.

Capital humano: una visión desde la teoría crítica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Duvan Emilio Ramírez Ospina

Full Text Available Este trabajo es el resultado de la investigación Capital Humano como factor de crecimiento Económico, en el cual se desarrolla una reflexión crítica sobre la teoría del Capital Humano, el abordaje se hace desde la teoría económica y el análisis tiene como referente los planteamientos de la Escuela de Frankfurt, especialmente en lo que tiene que ver con el uso desde la perspectiva de la racionalidad. Desde el punto de vista metodológico se trata de una investigación cualitativa, basada en un proceso de carácter interpretativo y comprensivo de tipo Histórico Hermenéutico, el método utilizado responde a una finalidad de descripción, interpretación, argumentación, que permitan avanzar hacia la comprensión de las temáticas estudiadas en un proceso dialéctico. Como resultado del proceso investigativo se hace un análisis de la instrumentalización de la educación, la formación, la capacidad de trabajo y el estado de salud del hombre, y aún de su propio ser, las cuales se consideran de la misma naturaleza que una maquina y quedan cosificadas al ser convertidas en mercancías comerciales que se venden en el mercado, lo que determina la posibilidad de colocarle un precio pagado en el mercado a la productividad de un tipo de trabajo determinado, a la acción del propio hombre y el desarrollo de sus capacidades superiores que deberían permitirle contribuir al logro de una sociedad mejor y una vida más digna.

Hallazgo de Trypanosoma Cruzi en momias de más de 4000 años de antigüedad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Jaramillo

2000-08-01

Full Text Available

Se presentan los antecedentes de la presencia de triatominos domiciliados en Colombia desde la primera publicación hecha por el doctor César Uribe en 1929 (Editorial Minerva, Bogotá donde se consigna el hallazgo de Trypanosoma cruzi y Trypanosoma rangeli en 15 ejemplares de Rhodnius prolixus provenientes de Prado, Tolima. A continuación se analizan las demás publicaciones en orden cronológico. Informe del Profesor Emile Brumpt (Revista de Higiene, año XX – Números 11 y 12, 1939, Distribución de los Triatominos en Colombia, Hernando Ucrós, Hernando Rocha, Marcos Duque (Antioquia Médica Vol. 21 – 1971 No. 8; Distribution of Triatomine – transmitted trypanosomamiasis in Colombia and vew records of the bugs and infections. A. D’Alessandro, Pablo Barreto and C. A. Duarte R. (1972, J. Med. Ent. Vol. 8, No. 2: 159-172; Colombian Triatominae and their infestation with Trypanosomatid Flagellates. Marinkelle Cornelis J. (1972 Mitt Inst. – Aleman Invest. Cient. 6:13-29; Nuevos registros de triatominos domiciliarios y extradomiciliarios en Colombia. Antonio D’Alessandro, Pablo Barreto y Mauricio Thomas. Colombia Médica Vol. 12 No. 2 – 1981.

Basándose en la anterior información se llega a la conclusión de que los Triatominae domiciliados en Colombia se encuentran en poblaciones situadas sobre los 2.000msnm, principalmente en las zonas central y oriental del país.

El Instituto Nacional de Salud en el año de 1990, como una primera etapa para tratar de determinar la magnitud del problema de la tripanosomiasis americana en Colombia, realizó una investigación para establecer la verdadera distribución de los triatominos domiciliarios en el país.

El estudio se hizo usando el sistema de muestreo, en una muestra estadísticamente representativa. Se inspeccionaron las viviendas de las zonas rurales; se capturaron triatominos vectores que, posteriormente, fueron examinados sistemáticamente en búsqueda de

Distribución de Triatomíneos domiciliados en Colombia.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Augusto Corredor Arjona

2000-08-01

Full Text Available

Se presentan los antecedentes de la presencia de triatominos domiciliados en Colombia desde la primera publicación hecha por el doctor César Uribe en 1929 (Editorial Minerva, Bogotá donde se consigna el hallazgo de Trypanosoma cruzi y Trypanosoma rangeli en 15 ejemplares de Rhodnius prolixus provenientes de Prado, Tolima. A continuación se analizan las demás publicaciones en orden cronológico. Informe del Profesor Emile Brumpt (Revista de Higiene, año XX – Números 11 y 12, 1939, Distribución de los Triatominos en Colombia, Hernando Ucrós, Hernando Rocha, Marcos Duque (Antioquia Médica Vol. 21 – 1971 No. 8; Distribution of Triatomine – transmitted trypanosomamiasis in Colombia and vew records of the bugs and infections. A. D’Alessandro, Pablo Barreto and C. A. Duarte R. (1972, J. Med. Ent. Vol. 8, No. 2: 159-172; Colombian Triatominae and their infestation with Trypanosomatid Flagellates. Marinkelle Cornelis J. (1972 Mitt Inst. – Aleman Invest. Cient. 6:13-29; Nuevos registros de triatominos domiciliarios y extradomiciliarios en Colombia. Antonio D’Alessandro, Pablo Barreto y Mauricio Thomas. Colombia Médica Vol. 12 No. 2 – 1981.

Basándose en la anterior información se llega a la conclusión de que los Triatominae domiciliados en Colombia se encuentran en poblaciones situadas sobre los 2.000msnm, principalmente en las zonas central y oriental del país.

El Instituto Nacional de Salud en el año de 1990, como una primera etapa para tratar de determinar la magnitud del problema de la tripanosomiasis americana en Colombia, realizó una investigación para establecer la verdadera distribución de los triatominos domiciliarios en el país.

El estudio se hizo usando el sistema de muestreo, en una muestra estadísticamente representativa. Se inspeccionaron las viviendas de las zonas rurales; se capturaron triatominos vectores que, posteriormente, fueron examinados sistemáticamente en búsqueda de

Characterization and functional assay of a fatty acyl-CoA reductase gene in the scale insect, Ericerus pela Chavannes (Hemiptera: Coccoidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Yan-Hong; Chen, Xiao-Ming; Yang, Pu; Ding, Wei-Feng

2018-04-01

Ericerus pela Chavannes (Hemiptera: Coccoidae) is an economically important scale insect because the second instar males secrete a harvestable wax-like substance. In this study, we report the molecular cloning of a fatty acyl-CoA reductase gene (EpFAR) of E. pela. We predicted a 520-aa protein with the FAR family features from the deduced amino acid sequence. The EpFAR mRNA was expressed in five tested tissues, testis, alimentary canal, fat body, Malpighian tubules, and mostly in cuticle. The EpFAR protein was localized by immunofluorescence only in the wax glands and testis. EpFAR expression in High Five insect cells documented the recombinant EpFAR reduced 26-0:(S) CoA and to its corresponding alcohol. The data illuminate the molecular mechanism for fatty alcohol biosynthesis in a beneficial insect, E. pela. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

INFLUENCIA DE LA EDUCACIÓN Y LA CULTURA EN LA VULNERABILIDAD FRENTE A LOS DESASTRES, DESDE UNA PERSPECTIVA PSICOLÓGICA

OpenAIRE

Giraldo García, Angela María

2015-01-01

Desde la línea de investigación en Psicología Clínica y Procesos de salud, que se adelanta desde el Programa de Psicología de la Universidad de Manizales, esta investigación tiene en cuenta la educación y la cultura como aspectos propicios para abordar el tema de vulnerabilidad; se reconoce además su complejidad y la necesidad de encontrar estrategias que permitan, por medio de estos escenarios, disminuir la vulnerabilidad frente al riesgo de desastre. Se pretende plasmar una perspectiva basa...

“Ellas hacen”: análisis de una política pública desde una perspectiva de género

OpenAIRE

Férnandez, Melina; Pieruzzini Cid, Rocío

2016-01-01

El presente trabajo pretende realizar un análisis de la implementación del Programa “Ellas Hacen” en la ciudad de La Plata desde la perspectiva de sus destina- tarias; y abordando dicho análisis desde una perspectiva de género. Cabe destacar que hemos participado como docentes de diferentes comisiones del Plan de Finalización de Estudios (FinEs 2) del Programa "Ellas Hacen”, y a partir de dicha experiencia hemos podido relevar la opinión de las destinatarias. Partimos de considerar que en los...

“Ellas Hacen”: análisis de una política pública desde una perspectiva de género

OpenAIRE

Férnandez, Melina; Pieruzzini Cid, Rocío

2017-01-01

El presente trabajo pretende realizar un análisis de la implementación del Programa “Ellas Hacen” en la ciudad de La Plata desde la perspectiva de sus destina- tarias; y abordando dicho análisis desde una perspectiva de género. Cabe destacar que hemos participado como docentes de diferentes comisiones del Plan de Finalización de Estudios (FinEs 2) del Programa "Ellas Hacen”, y a partir de dicha experiencia hemos podido relevar la opinión de las destinatarias. Partimos de considerar que en los...

Funciones ejecutivas: nociones del desarrollo desde una perspectiva neuropsicológica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Esperanza Bausela Herreras

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Desde la perspectiva del desarrollo podemos observar como los niños van siendo cada más capaces de controlar por sí mimos sus propias acciones, respuestas y regular su propia conducta (autorregulación de la conducta o como pasan de una moral heterónoma a una moral autónoma. Esta capacidad de autorregulación de la conducta va ligada al desarrollo de procesos cognitivos de orden superior (memoria de trabajo, planificación, inhibición de respuestas automáticas..., relacionados todas ellos con un mismo constructo, Funciones ejecutivas. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar cómo se ha conceptualizado este constructo, centrándonos en uno de las paradojas que ha dominado la literatura en la última década. Desde esta perspectiva se consideran las Funciones ejecutivas como una unidad y al mismo tiempo integrada por una diversidad de funciones independientes. Esbozaremos, de forma más concreta, las líneas generales del modelo jerárquico propuesto por Miyake y colaboradores. Para estos autores las tres dimensiones que integran las Funciones ejecutivas son: flexibilidad atencional, control inhibitorio y memoria de trabajo. En coherencia con este modelo, analizamos el sustrato neurológico en el que se sustentan. Finalmente, comparamos diferentes teorías del desarrollo de las Funciones ejecutivas con el modelo jerárquico propuesto por Miyake y colaboradores.

La Carta de la Tierra en educación obligatoria desde una perspectiva internacional

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eva Francisca Hinojosa-Pareja

2014-01-01

Full Text Available La Carta de la Tierra surge como iniciativa de la sociedad civil en el año 2000. Desde su comienzo, es avalada por instituciones y organizaciones internacionales como la Unesco, que apoyó su contenido en 2003, e incorporada como instrumento educativo en proyectos de aplicación internacional como la “Década de la Educación para el Desarrollo Sostenible (2005-2014”, promovida por Naciones Unidas. Este artículo analiza distintas experiencias internacionales que utilizan la Carta de la Tierra como elemento de innovación en el ámbito de la educación obligatoria (infantil, primaria y secundaria. Una década después de la publicación de la Carta de la Tierra, y a través del análisis del contenido de estas experiencias, pretendemos hacer balance del camino recorrido, del grado de compromiso asumido desde el ámbito educativo, y favorecer el diálogo y la progresiva toma de conciencia sobre la Carta de la Tierra y su relevancia a nivel educativo.

A new species of the genus Eurhadina Haupt (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae) from Korea, with a key to Korean species.

Science.gov (United States)

Oh, Sumin; Lim, Jongok; Jung, Sunghoon

2016-04-11

The leafhopper genus Eurhadina Haupt, 1929 belongs to the tribe Typhlocybini of subfamily Typhlocybinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae). Currently, genus Eurhadina includes 3 subgenera, Eurhadina Haupt 1929, Singhardina Mahmood 1967, Zhihadina Yang & Li 1991. A total of 20 valid species of subgenus Eurhadina have been described in the Nearctic and Palaearctic region and the subgenus Singhardina includes 57 species in the Oriental and Palaearctic region (Huang & Zhang 1999, Dworakowska 2002). The subgenus Zhihadina includes only 1 species from China (Yang & Lee, 1991). So far, four species of subgenus Eurhadina were recorded in the Korean Peninsula (Kwon & Huh 2001): Eurhadina (Eurhadina) betularia Anufriev, 1969, E. (E.) koreana Dworakowska, 1971, E. (E.) pulchella (Fallen, 1806), and E. (E.) wagneri Dworakowska, 1969. The majority of species belonging to the subgenus Eurhadina are difficult to distinguish by external appearance because the color patterns of the forewings are very similar among species.

Storage of Euschistus heros Eggs (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Liquid Nitrogen for Parasitization by Telenomus podisi Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae).

Science.gov (United States)

Favetti, B M; Butnariu, A R; Doetzer, A K

2014-06-01

Records in the literature with regard to the influence of freezing of pentatomid eggs on parasitism by microhymenopterans are scarce. In this research, we compared the storage of Euschistus heros (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) eggs in liquid nitrogen for different periods with the objective of optimizing the multiplication of Telenomus podisi Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) in the laboratory. Fresh eggs of E. heros were exposed (S3, S6) or not (NS3, NS6) to UV light for 30 min and stored in 1.5-mL plastic vials in liquid nitrogen either for 3 (S3, NS3) or 6 months (S6, NS6), and egg suitability to parasitoid development was compared to control eggs exposed (SC) or not (NSC) to UV treatment. Global data analysis showed that E. heros eggs stored in liquid nitrogen with or without UV treatment, for 3 or 6 months, were suitable for T. podisi parasitization.

Morphology of the European species of the aphid genus Eulachnus (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Lachninae) - A SEM comparative and integrative study.

Science.gov (United States)

Kanturski, Mariusz; Karcz, Jagna; Wieczorek, Karina

2015-09-01

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods were used for the first time to elucidate the external morphology of the European species of the genus Eulachnus (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Lachninae), a representative genus of the conifer-feeding aphids tribe Eulachnini. We examined and compared the external morphology of apterous and alate viviparous females from the parthenogenetic generation as well as oviparous females and alate males belonging to the sexual generation. FE-SEM images based on HMDS and cryo-SEM preparation techniques revealed better image quality than the CPD technique in regard to surface tension and morphological signs of cell deteriorations (i.e., existence of depressions, drying artifacts and membrane blebs). Three morphologically different species groups "agilis", "brevipilosus" and "cembrae" were proposed due to the differences in head, antennae, legs and dorsal chaetotaxy as well as dorsal sclerotization. The most characteristic features and differences of representatives of these groups are presented and discussed. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Differences in bacterial diversity of host-associated populations of Phylloxera notabilis Pergande (Hemiptera: Phylloxeridae) in pecan and water hickory.

Science.gov (United States)

Medina, R F; Nachappa, P; Tamborindeguy, C

2011-04-01

Host-associated differentiation (HAD) is the presence of genetically divergent, host-associated populations. It has been suggested that microbial symbionts of insect herbivores may play a role in HAD by allowing their insect hosts to use different plant species. The objective of this study was to document if host-associated populations of Phylloxera notabilis Pergande (Hemiptera: Phylloxeridae) in pecan and water hickory corresponded with differences in the composition of their associated bacteria. To test this hypothesis, we characterized the symbionts present in P. notabilis associated with these two tree species through metagenomic analyses using 454 sequencing. Differences in bacterial diversity were found between P. notabilis populations associated with pecan and water hickory. The bacteria, Pantoea agglomerans and Serratia marcescens, were absent in the P. notabilis water hickory population, whereas both species accounted for more than 69.72% of bacterial abundance in the pecan population. © 2011 The Authors. Journal of Evolutionary Biology © 2011 European Society For Evolutionary Biology.

DELIRIUM: UNA EPIDEMIA DESDE EL SERVICIO DE URGENCIA A LA UNIDAD DE PACIENTE CRÍTICO

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dra. Marcela Carrasco

2017-03-01

Full Text Available El delirium es reconocido como un problema de alta relevancia, especialmente en personas mayores, desde el servicio de urgencia y durante toda la estadía hospitalaria. Se asocia a mayor riesgo de morbilidad, dependencia funcional, deterioro cognitivo y mortalidad, además de una mayor estadía hospitalaria y costos. Su presencia implica desafíos en el manejo, toma de decisiones, diagnóstico y terapéutica. Se recomienda su tamizaje desde el momento de la atención de urgencia y durante la hospitalización, así como la implementación de protocolos de prevención y manejo, que han demostrado beneficio mediante un abordaje integral multidimensional. A pesar de su impacto, aún persisten altas tasas de subdiagnóstico y los sistemas de salud han sido lentos en la implementación de las recomendaciones. Actualmente el manejo adecuado del delirium es un desafío para mejorar la calidad asistencial.

Factors affecting colonization and abundance of Aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae on okra plantations Fatores que afetam a colonização e abundância de Aphis gossypii glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae em plantações de quiabeiro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Germano Leão Demolin Leite

2007-04-01

Full Text Available The control of Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae on okra Abelmoschus esculentus (L. (Malvaceae consist primarily in the use of insecticides, due to the lack of information on other mortality factors. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of predators and parasitoids, height of canopy, plant age, leaf areas, organic compounds leaves, levels of leaf nitrogen and potassium, density of leaf trichomes, total rainfall and median temperature on attack intensity of A. gossypii on two successive A. esculentus var. Santa Cruz plantations. Monthly number estimates of A. gossypii and natural enemies (visual inspection occurred on bottom, middle and apical parts of 30 plants/plantation (one leaf/plant. Plants senescence, leaf areas and natural enemies, mainly Adialytus spp., spiders and Coccinellidae, were some of the factors that most contributed to aphid reduction. A higher number of aphids was found on the bottom part than medium and apical parts of okra plants. Total rainfall can reduce the aphid population. Trichomes non-glandular or low density, organic compounds leaves and levels of N and K were not important for reducing aphid population.O controle de Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae em quiabeiro Abelmoschus esculentus (L. (Malvaceae consiste principalmente no uso de inseticidas, em virtude da falta de informação sobre outros fatores de mortalidade. Objetivou-se com este estudo determinar os efeitos de predadores e parasitóides, altura de dossel, idade da planta, área foliar, compostos orgânicos foliares, níveis de nitrogênio e potássio, densidade de tricomas, pluviosidade e temperatura na intensidade de ataque de A. gossypii em dois cultivos sucessivos de Abelmoschus esculentus var. Santa Cruz. Estimou-se, mensalmente, o número de A. gossypii e de inimigos naturais (inspeção visual ocorridos nas folhas (uma folha/planta localizadas nas partes basal, mediana e apical de 30 plantas/plantação. Os

La estiba y desestiba portuaria. Un estudio desde el Derecho Administrativo.

OpenAIRE

Menéndez de la Cruz, Cristina

2015-01-01

La estiba y desestiba en el entorno portuario no ha sido analizada desde la óptica del Derecho Administrativo, por lo que a mi juicio era pertinente hacer un estudio dada la significación que el fenómeno tiene para el conjunto de la economía. No ha ocurrido lo mismo en otras disciplinas jurídicas, como el Derecho Laboral y el Mercantil, pudiendo encontrar numerosos estudios sobre esta materia. Esto es debido al carácter de zona fronteriza del Derecho que adoptan algunos temas, como apunta el ...

LAS MEDIDAS PREVENTIVAS AMBIENTALES, UNA APROXIMACIÓN DESDE EL DERECHO ADMINISTRATIVO.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Iván Andrés Páez Páez

2013-05-01

Full Text Available Las medidas preventivas previstas en el régimen sancionatorio ambiental sonuna especie de las medidas cautelares consagradas en el ordenamiento jurídicocolombiano, aunque con algunas particularidades propias de su ámbito deaplicación, que es el derecho ambiental. El artículo realiza una aproximaciónrespecto al contenido, alcance, antecedentes y justificación de las medidaspreventivas ambientales desde la óptica del derecho administrativo y comomanifestación de una de las funciones del ejecutivo, cual es el mantenimientodel orden público.

Estrategias para educar en valores desde los contenidos de Ciencias Naturales

OpenAIRE

Cabrera de Reyes, E.

2009-01-01

El propósito de la investigación fue describir y evaluar la efectividad del programa didáctico, que orientó la ejecución del proyecto: Estrategias didácticas para educar en valores desde los contenidos de Ciencias Naturales. La investigación, de naturaleza cualitativa, se realizó con un enfoque de investigación-acción. Los informantes fueron estudiantes de la carrera docente (UPEL Maracay, Venezuela). El programa didáctico evaluado, se propone para operacionalizar los procesos de investigació...

Psicología y discapacidad: un encuentro desde el paradigma social

OpenAIRE

Lucrecia Alfaro-Rojas

2013-01-01

El tema de la discapacidad ha sido abordado desde diversos paradigmas o modelos que han dictado el modo de brindar atención a personas con esta condición. Aunque en la literatura se encuentran diversas denominaciones para estos paradigmas, el presente artículo se refiere a los tres paradigmas que engloban las posturas más habituales hacia el tema de la discapacidad: el paradigma tradicional, el paradigma médico-biológico y el paradigma social. Es dentro de este último que se concibe a la p...

La lucha contra el maltrato infantil desde el ámbito sanitario

OpenAIRE

Carmena Hernández, Ana Isabel; Vidal Salcedo, Ana; Jiménez Carabias, María del Rocío

2015-01-01

Cartel presentado en la Segunda Conferencia Internacional de Comunicación en Salud, celebrada el 23 de octubre de 2015 en la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Introducción: el maltrato infantil ha sido, y es, una preocupación mundial expresada en multitud de asambleas generales de naciones unidas, con el fin de proteger los derechos de los niños. Desde principios del siglo XX, en España se lleva generando una ley que proteja a la infancia, que fomente unos buenos cuidados y una crianza salu...

Turismo sostenible: una conceptualización de su viabilidad para el municipio de Ibagué, desde un estado del arte pertinente

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cecilia Murcia García

2017-01-01

Full Text Available El turismo sostenible es un concepto que empieza a generar interés desde la perspectiva de crecimiento y desarrollo económico, manteniendo el equilibrio entre producción, recursos y naturaleza. Para la ciudad de Ibagué, el turismo hace parte fundamental de la meta para el desarrollo económico a 2025 y como aporte a la construcción de conocimiento sobre el tema en la región se establece un estado del arte. El cual permita visibilizar los elementos estratégicos conceptuales conducentes a ampliar el marco de acción para evaluar y medir la sostenibilidad del turismo desde sus dimensiones económicas, de protección medioambiental y de equidad social planteado desde las realidades sociales del municipio de Ibagué. Asimismo la generación de una cultura del turismo como factor de emprendimiento regional y de innovación social.

Editorial Mercadotecnia Latinoamericana desde una perspectiva de México

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Thel Augusto Monteiro

2017-10-01

Full Text Available La presente Edición Especial: Mercadotecnia Latinoamericana desde una perspectiva de México, es un esfuerzo de investigadores de diferentes universidades reconocidos por sus aportaciones científicas sobre Mercadotecnia en México. Las comunicaciones esta edición describen las Estrategias de Mercadotecnia y su Aplicación en México, está estructurada en ocho aportaciones científicas representan el quehacer académico y de investigación diario de la mercadotecnia, tratando temas de frontera relacionados con el Branding Laboral, el Emprendimiento Social, la Compra Compulsiva, la Inteligencia Emocional, la Mercadotecnia Musical, el Nuevo Perfil de Consumidor Mexicano, el Marketing de Lugares (Caso: Real de Catorce y el Marketing Gastronómico (Caso: Salsa Chimichurri.

Expresividad y creatividad para mejorar las relaciones humanas: Reflexiones desde la práctica pedagógica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrea Del Valle-Núñez

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Recibido 3 de noviembre de 2013 • Corregido 10 de octubre de 2014 • Aceptado 22 de noviembre de 2014El proceso de investigación acción se guía por la pregunta: ¿Cómo fortalecer la expresividad como acto creativo en las relaciones cotidianas de la dinámica del aula?, la cual se inspira en la acción cotidiana que se genera desde mi práctica pedagógica como docente de educación preescolar, con un grupo de niñas y niños de 5 a 6 años edad, durante el curso lectivo 2012, centrado en el desarrollo de la expresividad y la creatividad. Este se aborda desde el paradigma naturalista, en la búsqueda del desarrollo integral y la  metodología para comprender la realidad desde una perspectiva de orden cualitativo, desarrollada en tres fases: diagnóstica, abordaje y transformación. Se utilizaron grabaciones como instrumento para la recolección de la información. Como docente-investigadora tomo en cuenta la realidad, los conocimientos de los participantes, sus puntos de vista y cualidades singulares. Además de explorar, analizar y dar oportunas respuestas a las situaciones que se van planteando desde la cotidianidad, a partir de los intereses, las necesidades y particularidades específicas de los niños y las niñas participantes, para crear momentos durante la jornada  que promuevan y mejoren su expresividad y su creatividad. Como parte del proceso reflexiono acerca de mi rol docente, la importancia de mi disposición emocional y realizo cuestionamientos permanentes, que conlleven a dedicar el tiempo necesario a la escucha y a los silencios, para organizar y efectuar cambios pertinentes, para proponer y generar nuevos significados al quehacer educativo, con el propósito de disfrutar nuestra propia transformación, la expresividad, la creatividad y, con ello, mejorar las relaciones humanas.

PRODUCCIÓN DE CONOCIMIENTO DESDE LA INVESTIGACIÓN CRÍTICA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alfonso Torres Carrillo

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo presenta la experiencia del autor en la producción de conocimientos desde una perspectiva crítica. A partir de una reconstrucción de su itinerario formativo e investigativo, se analizan los sentidos y características de este enfoque de investigación, así como las específicas operaciones metodológicas que se llevan a cabo en los estudios particulares. Este modo de generación de conocimiento se propone comprender el potencial instituyente de los procesos organizativos populares y reforzar su capacidad para interpretar y actuar frente a los contextos de injusticia contra los cuales luchan.

La calidad universitaria desde una perspectiva de género

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carolina Bolaños Cubero

2005-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo plantea la necesidad de que la evaluación de carreras e instituciones, en el marco del discurso de la calidad universitaria y la rendición de cuentas, considere criterios que valoren las condiciones curriculares en que hombres y mujeres se relacionan durante el desarrollo de una carrera. Además de cómo estas relaciones contribuyen o no a modificar, las formas tradicionalmente discriminatorias en perjuicio de las mujeres. Se ofrece una serie de elementos que pueden derivar en criterios de evaluación, desde una perspectiva de género y que, necesariamente, contribuyen a definir la calidad universitaria.

A summary of eight traits of Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Orthoptera and Araneae, occurring in grasslands in Germany

Science.gov (United States)

Gossner, Martin M.; Simons, Nadja K.; Achtziger, Roland; Blick, Theo; Dorow, Wolfgang H. O.; Dziock, Frank; Köhler, Frank; Rabitsch, Wolfgang; Weisser, Wolfgang W.

2015-03-01

Analyses of species traits have increased our understanding of how environmental drivers such as disturbances affect the composition of arthropod communities and related processes. There are, however, few studies on which traits in the arthropod community are affected by environmental changes and which traits affect ecosystem functioning. The assembly of arthropod traits of several taxa is difficult because of the large number of species, limited availability of trait databases and differences in available traits. We sampled arthropod species data from a total of 150 managed grassland plots in three regions of Germany. These plots represent the spectrum from extensively used pastures to mown pastures to intensively managed and fertilized meadows. In this paper, we summarize information on body size, dispersal ability, feeding guild and specialization (within herbivores), feeding mode, feeding tissue (within herbivorous suckers), plant part (within herbivorous chewers), endophagous lifestyle (within herbivores), and vertical stratum use for 1,230 species of Coleoptera, Hemiptera (Heteroptera, Auchenorrhyncha), Orthoptera (Saltatoria: Ensifera, Caelifera), and Araneae, sampled by sweep-netting between 2008 and 2012. We compiled traits from various literature sources and complemented data from reliable internet sources and the authors’ experience.

Acizzia solanicola (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) probing behaviour on two Solanum spp. and implications for possible pathogen spread

Science.gov (United States)

Valenzuela, Isabel; Trebicki, Piotr; Powell, Kevin S.; Vereijssen, Jessica; Norng, Sorn

2017-01-01

Piercing-sucking insects are vectors of plant pathogens, and an understanding of their feeding behaviour is crucial for studies on insect population dynamics and pathogen spread. This study examines probing behaviour of the eggplant psyllid, Acizzia solanicola (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), using the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique, on two widespread and common hosts: eggplant (Solanum melongena) and tobacco bush (S. mauritianum). Six EPG waveforms were observed: waveform NP (non-probing phase), waveform C (pathway phase), G (feeding activities in xylem tissues), D (first contact with phloem tissues), E1 (salivation in the sieve elements) and E2 (ingestion from phloem tissues). Results showed that A. solanicola is predominantly a phloem feeder and time spent in salivation and ingestion phases (E1 and E2) differed between hosts. Feeding was enhanced on eggplant compared to tobacco bush which showed some degree of resistance, as evidenced by shorter periods of phloem ingestion, a higher propensity to return to the pathway phase once in the sieve elements and higher number of salivation events on tobacco bush. We discuss how prolonged phloem feeding could indicate the potential for A. solanicola to become an important pest of eggplant and potential pathogen vector. PMID:28575085

Remote sensing and spatial statistical techniques for modelling Ommatissus lybicus (Hemiptera: Tropiduchidae) habitat and population densities.

Science.gov (United States)

Al-Kindi, Khalifa M; Kwan, Paul; R Andrew, Nigel; Welch, Mitchell

2017-01-01

In order to understand the distribution and prevalence of Ommatissus lybicus (Hemiptera: Tropiduchidae) as well as analyse their current biographical patterns and predict their future spread, comprehensive and detailed information on the environmental, climatic, and agricultural practices are essential. The spatial analytical techniques such as Remote Sensing and Spatial Statistics Tools, can help detect and model spatial links and correlations between the presence, absence and density of O. lybicus in response to climatic, environmental, and human factors. The main objective of this paper is to review remote sensing and relevant analytical techniques that can be applied in mapping and modelling the habitat and population density of O. lybicus . An exhaustive search of related literature revealed that there are very limited studies linking location-based infestation levels of pests like the O. lybicus with climatic, environmental, and human practice related variables. This review also highlights the accumulated knowledge and addresses the gaps in this area of research. Furthermore, it makes recommendations for future studies, and gives suggestions on monitoring and surveillance methods in designing both local and regional level integrated pest management strategies of palm tree and other affected cultivated crops.

Remote sensing and spatial statistical techniques for modelling Ommatissus lybicus (Hemiptera: Tropiduchidae habitat and population densities

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Khalifa M. Al-Kindi

2017-08-01

Full Text Available In order to understand the distribution and prevalence of Ommatissus lybicus (Hemiptera: Tropiduchidae as well as analyse their current biographical patterns and predict their future spread, comprehensive and detailed information on the environmental, climatic, and agricultural practices are essential. The spatial analytical techniques such as Remote Sensing and Spatial Statistics Tools, can help detect and model spatial links and correlations between the presence, absence and density of O. lybicus in response to climatic, environmental, and human factors. The main objective of this paper is to review remote sensing and relevant analytical techniques that can be applied in mapping and modelling the habitat and population density of O. lybicus. An exhaustive search of related literature revealed that there are very limited studies linking location-based infestation levels of pests like the O. lybicus with climatic, environmental, and human practice related variables. This review also highlights the accumulated knowledge and addresses the gaps in this area of research. Furthermore, it makes recommendations for future studies, and gives suggestions on monitoring and surveillance methods in designing both local and regional level integrated pest management strategies of palm tree and other affected cultivated crops.

Spatio-temporal analysis of the biophysical and ecological conditions of Triatoma dimidiata (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae in the northeast region of Colombia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jaime Badel-Mogollón

2017-03-01

Conclusions: Surface temperature and soil coverage were the variables that better explained the life cycle of T. dimidiata in the area. High relative humidity promoted the seek of shelters and an increase of the geographic distribution in the annual and biannual peaks of regional rainfall. The ecologic and anthropic conditions suggest that T. dimidiata is a highly resilient species.

Bioefficacy of gamma radiation on Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: pseudococcidae)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zarin, Mahtab; Zubeda; Seth, R.K.; Seth, Ranjana

2012-01-01

Ionizing radiation can be considered as a possible alternative for treating agricultural products to overcome quarantine barriers against the Solenopsis mealy bug, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Exposure of ionizing radiation is one of the quarantine treatments which penetrate commodities quickly and most commodities can tolerate irradiation at doses that kill the pest. Evaluation of various bio-characteristics (survival, metamorphosis and reproductive potential) of Phenacoccus solenopsis irradiated in various life stages was attempted to ascertain the lethal doses and sublethal doses having sterilizing potential. A dose of 40Gy administered to the first instar nymph (N 1 ) inhibited formation of adult male, whereas 100Gy checked the transformation of N 1 up to adult female. Males exhibited short life span and appeared to have no or limited role in progeny formation. Males were more radio-sensitive than the female mealy bugs. Further, in case of N 2 treatment, a dose of 100Gy completely inhibited adult male formation, and 150 Gy could completely inhibit male adult formation. The sexes were discernible only after N 2 . A dose of 500Gy given to female-N 3 totally inhibited adult formation. The developmental period of female N 3 was protracted with increase in radiation dosage. The efficacy of radiation at dose range, 5-300Gy, was evaluated on N 3 and N 4 male nymphs. Irradiation affected metamorphosis and reduced adult formation. For instance, a dose of 300Gy caused 0% male adult development from N 4 . 400Gy was almost sterilizing dose for 11-12 day old female mealy bug, and this sterilizing dose reduced oviposition by 28.1%; whereas 200Gy was found to induce sterility in 5-6 day old female mealy bug, with about 50% reduction in oviposition. The freshly emerged female adults (0-1 day old) was the most sensitive stage than the adult mealy bugs in their older phase, and it was completely sterilized by 40Gy. The data suggests a definite role of

A América Latina e os Estados Unidos desde o 11 de setembro de 2001

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Paulo Roberto Almeida

2011-09-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo busca analisar as mudanças ocorridas nas políticas externas e nas relações entre os países latinos e os Estados Unidos desde o atentado terrorista de 11 de setembro de 2001.

Un análisis del escenario económico del Perú y Chile, desde la perspectiva del doble diamante de la competitividad global

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jesús C. Peña-Vinces

2009-11-01

Full Text Available Las pequeñas economías, como la peruana y chilena, se encuentran inmersas en la arena global de las economías emergentes, por lo que evaluarlas desde un punto de vista puramente local (Porter1990 sería un enfoque bastante limitado y poco útil. Este hecho hace que el diamante nacional de Porter (1990 resulte, a todas luces, insuficiente para dicho propósito (Moon et al. 1998: 135. Este artículo analiza las economías mencionadas desde un enfoque más global, que incluye tanto el mercado local como el extranjero; es decir, evaluarlo desde la perspectiva del doble diamante de la competitividad internacional propuesta por Moon et al. (1998, y Moon y Lee (2004: 138.

Characterizing Damage of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Blueberries.

Science.gov (United States)

Wiman, Nik G; Parker, Joyce E; Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar; Walton, Vaughn M

2015-06-01

Brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a severe economic pest of growing importance in the United States, Canada, and Europe. While feeding damage from H. halys has been characterized in tree fruit, vegetables, and agronomic crops, less is known about the impacts of stink bugs on small fruits such as blueberries. In this study, we examined H. halys feeding on two representative early and late ripening blueberry cultivars in Oregon and New Jersey. This research examined how different densities of H. halys confined on blueberry clusters for week-long periods affected fruit quality at harvest. After fruit were ripe, we stained and quantified the number of salivary sheaths on berries as an indication of feeding pressure. Feeding by H. halys damaged the fruits by causing increased levels of external discoloration, and internal damage in the form of tissue necrosis. Exposure of berries to H. halys was also associated with decreasing berry weights and lower soluble solids in fruits. However, the different cultivars did not respond consistently to feeding pressure from H. halys. Weekly variability in feeding pressure of two of the cultivars as quantified by the number of stylet sheaths per berry was largely accounted for by environmental variables. We conclude that H. halys does have potential to severely damage blueberries and may become an important economic pest. Characterization of damage is important because correct identification of insect damage is key for successful management. © The Authors 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Prevalensi cendawan entomopatogenik, Neozygites fumosa (Speare Remaudie’re & Keller (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales pada populasi kutu putih, Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara De Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae di wilayah Bogor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anik Nurhayati

2015-09-01

Full Text Available The prevalence of entomopathogenic fungus, Neozygites fumosa (Zygomycetes: Entomo-phthorales on the papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae, was studied in Bogor in two districts: Bubulak and Rancabungur in 2011. Thirty plants of either papaya or cassavas were sampled 8 times, once a week for insect population and biweekly for the fungus infection sampling. The results showed that the cassava mealybug was not found on both plants and all locations. The populations of papaya mealybug in Bubulak were higher than in Rancabungur. The populations of papaya mealybug on papaya were higher than those of cassava. However, N. fumosa infection levels on both plants and both locations were not significantly different.

La implementación de TICs desde la pedagogía rural

OpenAIRE

Carvajal Jiménez, Vivian

2008-01-01

El desarrollo tecnológico y la posibilidad de nuevas modalidades educativas contribuyen con el desarrollo de las poblaciones más excluidas en tanto los sistemas, modelos pedagógicos y estrategias de mediación, sean pensadas desde y para los grupos hacia los que se dirigen. Particularmente, en el caso de las poblaciones rurales centroamericanas, es necesario considerar las características y demandas de los actores sociales que los conforman, las características de la nueva ruralida...

Facultative symbiont Hamiltonella confers benefits to Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), an invasive agricultural pest worldwide.

Science.gov (United States)

Su, Qi; Oliver, Kerry M; Pan, Huipeng; Jiao, Xiaoguo; Liu, Baiming; Xie, Wen; Wang, Shaoli; Wu, Qingjun; Xu, Baoyun; White, Jennifer A; Zhou, Xuguo; Zhang, Youjun

2013-12-01

Bacterial symbionts infect most insect species, including important pests such as whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and often exert important effects on host ecology. The facultative symbiont Hamiltonella is found at high frequencies in the B. tabaci MED (type: Mediterranean-MED) in China. The prevalence of this symbiont in natural populations suggests beneficial effects of infection or manipulation of host reproduction. To date, however, no empirical studies on the biological role of Hamiltonella on the host B. tabaci have been reported. Here, we investigated the effects of Hamiltonella infection on the sex ratio and several fitness parameters in B. tabaci MED by comparing Hamiltonella-infected whiteflies with Hamiltonella-free ones. We found that Hamiltonella-infected whiteflies produced significantly more eggs, exhibited significantly higher nymphal survival, faster development times, and larger adult body size in comparison with Hamiltonella-free whiteflies, while no evidence of reproductive manipulation by Hamiltonella were found in B. tabaci MED. In conclusion, Hamiltonella infection substantially enhanced B. tabaci MED performance. This beneficial role may, at least partially, explain the high prevalence of Hamiltonella in B. tabaci MED populations and may also contribute to their effectiveness in spread of the plant pathogens tomato yellow leaf curl virus.

Financiar la segregación educativa: Un debate sobre la LOMCE desde una perspectiva crítica de género

OpenAIRE

Venegas, Mar; Heras, Purificación

2016-01-01

La reforma educativa que ha supuesto la LOMCE desde su aprobación en diciembre de 2013 ha abierto importantes debates educativos y sociales sobre los cambios que supone con respecto a la LOE (2006), de entre los cuales cabe destacar la financiación con fondos públicos de las escuelas que segregan por sexo (single-sex). En este artículo empezamos analizando los cambios introducidos por la LOMCE desde una perspectiva crítica de género; a continuación, centramos el análisis en el debate sobre la...

La familia, un aliado indispensable para fomentar la lectura desde los espacios profesionales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Teresa CORCHETE SÁNCHEZ

2015-03-01

Full Text Available La literatura escrita para niños y adolescentes cuenta con muchos ejemplos de historias cuya trama y personajes se perfilan en torno a las relaciones familiares. Son libros que conectan la ficción y la información con lo que para esos lectores resulta cotidiano y reconocible, situando a la familia en el centro del argumento. Este artículo recala en el espacio familiar analizando los factores que determinan el modo en el que la lectura se integra dentro de los hogares, como paso previo a la exposición de algunas acciones de promoción de la lectura que se pueden articular desde los espacios profesionales que trabajan con familias. Se inicia con una serie de reflexiones sobre el propio concepto de la lectura, los significados que esta adquiere en el momento presente y la utilidad y beneficios que aporta su práctica. Se analiza después el papel de los padres, que se configuran como intermediarios imprescindibles del trabajo que realiza el promotor de la lectura. Finalmente se aborda el rol que el mediador profesional ejerce en ese proceso. Todo ello se considera desde las oportunidades y amenazas que la tecnología digital plantea al respecto. 

Psicología y discapacidad: un encuentro desde el paradigma social

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucrecia Alfaro-Rojas

2013-06-01

Full Text Available El tema de la discapacidad ha sido abordado desde diversos paradigmas o modelos que han dictado el modo de brindar atención a personas con esta condición. Aunque en la literatura se encuentran diversas denominaciones para estos paradigmas, el presente artículo se refiere a los tres paradigmas que engloban las posturas más habituales hacia el tema de la discapacidad: el paradigma tradicional, el paradigma médico-biológico y el paradigma social. Es dentro de este último que se concibe a la persona con discapacidad desde un enfoque biopsicosocial y se apunta hacia una integración real y efectiva de esta población en todas las esferas de la vida en la sociedad. Este nuevo paradigma social obliga a replantear los abordajes, que, hasta hace poco tiempo, eran bien vistos y promovidos por los profesionales que se relacionaban laboralmente con esta población. La Psicología no escapa a esta influencia y, por tanto, se ve en la necesidad de revisar algunas de sus prácticas tradicionales a la luz del nuevo paradigma, que propone trascender la atención centrada exclusivamente en la persona para incidir en el contexto social. Esto implica, por ejemplo, el surgimiento de nuevas actitudes en el quehacer cotidiano de los y las profesionales en Psicología y, por tanto, una nueva planificación y orientación de los sistemas de atención.

Molecular and morphological identification of mealybug species (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae in Brazilian vineyards.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vitor C Pacheco da Silva

Full Text Available Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae are pests constraining the international trade of Brazilian table grapes. They damage grapes by transmitting viruses and toxins, causing defoliation, chlorosis, and vigor losses and favoring the development of sooty mold. Difficulties in mealybug identification remain an obstacle to the adequate management of these pests. In this study, our primary aim was to identify the principal mealybug species infesting the major table grape-producing regions in Brazil, by morphological and molecular characterization. Our secondary aim was to develop a rapid identification kit based on species-specific Polymerase Chain Reactions, to facilitate the routine identification of the most common pest species. We surveyed 40 sites infested with mealybugs and identified 17 species: Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell, Dysmicoccus sylvarum Williams and Granara de Willink, Dysmicoccus texensis (Tinsley, Ferrisia cristinae Kaydan and Gullan, Ferrisia meridionalis Williams, Ferrisia terani Williams and Granara de Willink, Phenacoccus baccharidis Williams, Phenacoccus parvus Morrison, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, Planococcus citri (Risso, Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret, Pseudococcus cryptus Hempel, four taxa closely related each of to Pseudococcus viburni, Pseudococcus sociabilis Hambleton, Pseudococcus maritimus (Ehrhorn and Pseudococcus meridionalis Prado, and one specimen from the genus Pseudococcus Westwood. The PCR method developed effectively identified five mealybug species of economic interest on grape in Brazil: D. brevipes, Pl. citri, Ps. viburni, Ph. solenopsis and Planococcus ficus (Signoret. Nevertheless, it is not possible to assure that this procedure is reliable for taxa that have not been sampled already and might be very closely related to the target species.

Feeding preference ofNezara viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae and attractiveness of soybean genotypes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Efrain de Santana Souza

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Nezara viridula (L. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae is a cosmopolitan insect that causes economic damages to several cultures, in particular soybeans (Glycine max [L.] Merr. Among the techniques that involve Integrated Pest Management, the resistance of plants is pointed as a tool of great value and can contribute to the reduction of populations of insects. The feeding preferences of adults of southern green stink bug (N. viridula, and the attractiveness of soybean genotypes were evaluated under laboratory conditions to detect the most resistant material against attack from this insect. A choice test, using mature grains and green pods of the genotypes was carried out, in which the number of individuals attracted in different periods was counted. Feeding preference was evaluated in the choice tests using green pods and the number of pricks and the average time spent feeding by pricks were evaluated. In addition, texture and trichome density in the green pods were evaluated. The mature grains of 'TMG 117RR' and 'TMG 121RR' were less attractive to the adults of N. viridula. Regarding the green pods, 'IAC 17' and PI 227687 were less attractive; 'IAC 17' and 'IAC PL1' were less consumed, indicating the feeding non-preference as a resistance mechanism. 'IAC 17', 'TMG-117RR' and PI 227687 presented high levels of trichome density, and in 'IAC 17' this morphological characteristic was considered to be the main resistance factor against N. viridula. These results may be useful for breeding programs that focus on the resistance of soybeans to insects.

Dispersion patterns and sampling plans for Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in citrus.

Science.gov (United States)

Sétamou, Mamoudou; Flores, Daniel; French, J Victor; Hall, David G

2008-08-01

The abundance and spatial dispersion of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) were studied in 34 grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macfad.) and six sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] orchards from March to August 2006 when the pest is more abundant in southern Texas. Although flush shoot infestation levels did not vary with host plant species, densities of D. citri eggs, nymphs, and adults were significantly higher on sweet orange than on grapefruit. D. citri immatures also were found in significantly higher numbers in the southeastern quadrant of trees than other parts of the canopy. The spatial distribution of D. citri nymphs and adults was analyzed using Iowa's patchiness regression and Taylor's power law. Taylor's power law fitted the data better than Iowa's model. Based on both regression models, the field dispersion patterns of D. citri nymphs and adults were aggregated among flush shoots in individual trees as indicated by the regression slopes that were significantly >1. For the average density of each life stage obtained during our surveys, the minimum number of flush shoots per tree needed to estimate D. citri densities varied from eight for eggs to four flush shoots for adults. Projections indicated that a sampling plan consisting of 10 trees and eight flush shoots per tree would provide density estimates of the three developmental stages of D. citri acceptable enough for population studies and management decisions. A presence-absence sampling plan with a fixed precision level was developed and can be used to provide a quick estimation of D. citri populations in citrus orchards.

Sobre o condicionamento alimentar na cochonilha-branca, Planococcus citri (Risso (Hemiptera: pseudococcidae Regarding to host conditioning in citrus mealybug Planococcus citri (Risso (Hemiptera: pseudococcidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lenira Viana Costa Santa-Cecília

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Estudos do comportamento alimentar mediante a técnica de "Electrical Penetration Graphs" (EPG das cochonilhas-farinhentas (Pseudococcidae provenientes de um hospedeiro de criação alternativo têm mostrado que esses insetos não atingem ou demoram cerca de 9 horas para alcançar a fase floemática. Por outro lado, aqueles provenientes do hospedeiro-fonte atingem a fase floemática mais rapidamente e apresentam maior frequência de alimentação nos vasos crivados. Esses resultados indicam a presença do fenômeno de condicionamento alimentar, ainda não demonstrado em cochonilhas. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a existência desse fenômeno em Planococcus citri (Risso (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae. Foram realizados testes de livre escolha, monitoramento eletrônico (EPG e estudos de alguns parâmetros biológicos. Em todos os experimentos, o cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L., os citros (Citrus sinensis L. e abóbora (Cucurbita maxima L. foram utilizados como substratos de criação (fonte da cochonilha, sendo os tratamentos constituídos pela combinação entre os hospedeiros-fonte e os hospedeiros receptores (café e citros. O teste de escolha entre cafeeiro e citros nas primeiras 72 horas mostrou que as cochonilhas criadas em cafeeiro apresentaram preferência pelo cafeeiro; aquelas originadas dos citros mostraram uma tendência, embora não significativa, em selecionar os citros em relação ao cafeeiro e aquelas criadas em abóbora não mostraram preferência por nenhum dos hospedeiros. Os estudos do comportamento alimentar mediante o monitoramento eletrônico (EPG mostraram que a fase floemática, considerada como a fase de aceitação do hospedeiro, foi mais frequente em cafeeiro, seja com cochonilhas oriundas deste substrato, seja de citros. Aqueles insetos mantidos em abóbora e transferidos para o cafeeiro ou citros apresentaram excepcionalmente ou não apresentaram nenhuma fase floemática, respectivamente. A

The cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae as a new menace to cotton in Egypt and its chemical control

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

El-Zahi El-Zahi Saber

2016-04-01

Full Text Available The cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae is a polyphagous sap sucking insect with a wide geographical and host range causing severe losses in economically important crops. This study represents the first record of P. solenopsis as a new insect attacking cotton plants (Gossypium barbadense var. Giza 86 in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, Egypt. The insect was noticed on cotton plants for the first time during its growing season of 2014. The mealybug specimens were collected from infested cotton plants and identified as P. solenopsis. In an attempt to control this pest, eight toxic materials viz., imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, flonicamid, emamectin-benzoate, chlorpyrifos, methomyl, deltamethrin and mineral oil (KZ-oil, belonging to different chemical groups, were tested for their influence against P. solenopsis on cotton under field conditions. Methomyl, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and chlorpyrifos showed the highest efficacy against P. solenopsis recording 92.3 to 80.4% reduction of the insect population. Flonicamid, emamectin-benzoate and KZ-oil failed to exhibit sufficient P. solenopsis control.

Characterization of a Newly Discovered Symbiont of the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Science.gov (United States)

Bing, Xiao-Li; Yang, Jiao; Zchori-Fein, Einat; Wang, Xiao-Wei

2013-01-01

Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a species complex containing >28 cryptic species, some of which are important crop pests worldwide. Like many other sap-sucking insects, whiteflies harbor an obligatory symbiont, “Candidatus Portiera aleyrodidarum,” and a number of secondary symbionts. So far, six genera of secondary symbionts have been identified in B. tabaci. In this study, we report and describe the finding of an additional bacterium in the indigenous B. tabaci cryptic species China 1 (formerly known as B. tabaci biotype ZHJ3). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA and gltA genes showed that the bacterium belongs to the Alphaproteobacteria subdivision of the Proteobacteria and has a close relationship with human pathogens of the genus Orientia. Consequently, we temporarily named it Orientia-like organism (OLO). OLO was found in six of eight wild populations of B. tabaci China 1, with the infection rate ranging from 46.2% to 76.8%. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of B. tabaci China 1 in nymphs and adults revealed that OLOs are confined to the bacteriome and co-occur with “Ca. Portiera aleyrodidarum.” The vertical transmission of OLO was demonstrated by detection of OLO at the anterior pole end of the oocytes through FISH. Quantitative PCR analysis of population dynamics suggested a complex interaction between “Ca. Portiera aleyrodidarum” and OLO. Based on these results, we propose “Candidatus Hemipteriphilus asiaticus” for the classification of this symbiont from B. tabaci. PMID:23144129

Evaluation of Vaccinium spp. for Illinoia pepperi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) performance and phenolic content.

Science.gov (United States)

Ranger, Christopher M; Johnson-Cicalese, Jennifer; Polavarapu, Sridhar; Vorsa, Nicholi

2006-08-01

Host acceptance and population parameters of the aphid Illinoia pepperi (MacGillivray) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) were measured on highbush blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum L. 'Elliott', and the wild species Vaccinium boreale Hall and Aalders, Vaccinium tenellum Aiton, Vaccinium pallidum Aiton, Vaccinium hirsutum Buckley, Vaccinium myrsinites Lamarck, and Vaccinium darrowi Camp. After 24 h of exposure, significantly fewer aphids remained in contact with V. boreale and V. hirsutum compared with V. corymbosum Elliott, V. darrowi, and V. pallidum. Length of the prereproductive period of I. pepperi was significantly longer on V. boreale and V. myrsinites, in contrast to V. corymbosum. Fecundity was also lower on V. boreale, V. hirsutum, V. myrsinites, and V. darrowi. Survivorship of I. pepperi 42 d after birth was significantly lower on V. hirsutum compared with the remaining Vaccinium spp. Reduced I. pepperi performance resulted in significantly lower intrinsic rate of increase (r(m)) values being associated with V. myrsinites, V. boreale, V. hirsutum, and V. darrowi, compared with V. corymbosum. Net reproductive rate (R(o)), generation time (T), and doubling time (T(d)) of I. pepperi also were affected by the Vaccinium spp. Total phenolic and flavonol content varied between Vaccinium spp., with some high phenolic content Vaccinium spp. having reduced aphid performance. However, no significant correlation between phenolics and I. pepperi performance was detected. Results from this study identified several potential sources of aphid resistance traits in wild Vaccinium spp.

Biology and life table parameters of Brevicoryne brassicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on cauliflower cultivars.

Science.gov (United States)

Jahan, Fatemeh; Abbasipour, Habib; Askarianzadeh, Alireza; Hassanshahi, Golamhossein; Saeedizadeh, Ayatallah

2014-01-01

In this article, the biology and fertility life table parameters of the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), were studied on cauliflower leaves, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis (Brassicales: Brassicaceae), of the cultivars Smilla, Snow mystique, White cloud, Buris, Galiblanka, Snow crown, SG, and Tokita. This study was conducted under controlled conditions: 25 ± 2°C, 65 ± 5% relative humidity (RH), and 16:8 (L:D) h photoperiods. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the different growth stages and the mean number of laid nymphs. Further, the maximum and minimum growth periods were observed on Galiblanka and Buris cultivars, respectively. The shortest nymphal instar growth period was observed on the Smilla cultivar (6.70 d), and the longest lifespan was seen on the White cloud (8.10 d). The Smilla cultivar (39%), in an adult emergence stage, and the SG (88%) revealed the lowest and highest rates of survival, respectively. Aphids reared on the Smilla cultivar were found to have increased due to the high intrinsic (r(m)) and finite (λ) rate of increase and the low doubling time (DT). The results indicated that the application of cultivars affecting adult reproductive parameters could be a good solution to cabbage aphid control management. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of America.

Morphometric comparisons of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae populations from Iran, USA and Pakistan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohammadreza Lashkari

2015-05-01

Full Text Available The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae, vector of citrus greening disease pathogen, Huanglongbing (HLB, is considered the most serious pest of citrus in the world. Prior molecular based studies have hypothesized a link between the D. citri in Iran and the USA (Florida. The purpose of this study was to collect morphometric data from D. citri populations from Iran (mtCOI haplotype-1, Florida (mtCOI haplotype-1, and Pakistan (mtCOI haplotype-6, to determine whether different mtCOI haplotypes have a relationship to a specific morphometric variation. 240 samples from 6 ACP populations (Iran—Jiroft, Chabahar; Florida—Ft. Pierce, Palm Beach Gardens, Port St. Lucie; and Pakistan—Punjab were collected for comparison. Measurements of 20 morphological characters were selected, measured and analysed using ANOVA and MANOVA. The results indicate differences among the 6 ACP populations (Wilks’ lambda = 0.0376, F = 7.29, P < 0.0001. The body length (BL, circumanal ring length (CL, antenna length (AL, forewing length (WL and Rs vein length of forewing (RL were the most important characters separating the populations. The cluster analysis showed that the Iran and Florida populations are distinct from each other but separate from the Pakistan population. Thus, three subgroups can be morphologically discriminated within D. citri species in this study, (1 Iran, (2 USA (Florida and (3 Pakistan population. Morphometric comparisons provided further resolution to the mtCOI haplotypes and distinguished the Florida and Iranian populations.

Processed kaolin affects the probing and settling behavior of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Lividae).

Science.gov (United States)

Miranda, Marcelo P; Zanardi, Odimar Z; Tomaseto, Arthur F; Volpe, Haroldo Xl; Garcia, Rafael B; Prado, Ernesto

2018-03-05

Alternative methods that have the potential to reduce the entry of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), the major citrus pest worldwide, into commercial groves could be a viable approach for huanglongbing management. Kaolin is an aluminum silicate that when sprayed on plants forms a white particle film that interferes with host recognition by the insects. Diaphorina citri orients towards the host plants by visual and olfactory cues. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of processed kaolin on D. citri settling (no-choice) and probing behavior [electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique] under laboratory conditions, and to study its host plant finding ability and dispersal under field conditions in the absence and presence of young shoots. Under laboratory conditions, kaolin caused an overall reduction of 40% in the number of psyllids settled on treated seedlings; furthermore, the proportion of individuals that were able to reach the phloem was 50% lower on kaolin-treated plants than on untreated plants. In the field, the plant finding ability of D. citri was disrupted on kaolin-treated trees (overall reduction of 96%), regardless of the vegetative condition, and psyllid dispersal was slower in kaolin-treated plots than in the untreated control. This study clearly demonstrates that processed kaolin interferes negatively with different aspects of the host plant finding ability of D. citri. These findings suggest that processed kaolin has a high potential to reduce huanglongbing primary infection. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

Formulación de un modelo de liderazgo desde las teorías organizacionales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mónica García-Solarte

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de esta investigación es formular un modelo de liderazgo desde las teorías organizacionales. Para ello se realizó una revisión de la literatura y se procesaron 35 artículos y 20 libros a través del software Atlas Ti. Como resultado se logró identificar que los elementos que intervienen dentro del proceso de liderazgo son el ambiente, la situación específica, el líder, la organización, los seguidores, la estrategia, los resultados, el cliente y la comunidad y la comunicación, los cuales fueron fuente de información para la formulación del modelo en el que interactúan todos los elementos. La investigación permite concluir que el ejercicio del liderazgo no es una labor exclusiva del líder, sino que también intervienen una serie de dimensiones que permiten garantizar que se visualice el liderazgo como un todo, desde las características del ambiente hasta la influencia que se tiene sobre los clientes y la comunidad.

ELIMINACION DEL COLORANTE NEGRO ACIDO 194 DESDE AGUAS RESIDUALES TEXTILES MEDIANTE ELECTROCOAGULACION

OpenAIRE

VIDAL FUENTES, JORGE ARTURO

2013-01-01

Diariamente, las industrias textiles descargan grandes volúmenes de aguas que contienen altas concentraciones de colorantes y aditivos, los cuales ocasionan daños considerables al medio ambiente. Muchos de estos colorantes son estables a la luz y a la biodegradación, siendo considerados como compuestos orgánicos persistentes (COPs). Es por esto que es necesario aplicar métodos que permitan la eliminación de estos contaminantes desde las aguas. Una metodología efectiva para la eliminación de C...

Una lectura de los arcanos mayores desde la caverna platónica

OpenAIRE

Arango Agudelo, Alejandro

2015-01-01

El presente texto es una experiencia ensayística sobre la reflexión del símbolo, producto de la dialéctica entre la realidad epistémica y las claves del psicoanálisis propuesto por Jung. Desde este encuentro se iluminan algunas interpretaciones de las figuras arquetípicas presentes en los arcanos mayores del Tarot. Está redactado en primera persona del singular y del plural, estructurando un diálogo vitalista entre las percepciones del yo y el inconsciente colectivo.

Espacio y subjetividad. Orden social desde lo privado y lo público

OpenAIRE

Graciela Vélez Bautista

2005-01-01

En este artículo se plantea la relación entre subjetividad, espacio y género como uno de los enfoques que explican la identificación de los hombres con el espacio público y de las mujeres con el espacio privado, desde una perspectiva cultural e histórica, cuya huella en la subjetividad prevalece a pesar de las transformaciones modernas en la concepción de lo femenino y masculino, así como de lo privado y público.

Factores de riesgo del maltrato y abandono infantil desde una perspectiva multicausal

OpenAIRE

González-Muriel López, Cristina

1996-01-01

RESUMEN: En este artículo se expone la evolución de los diferentes modelos que han tratado de ofrecer una explicación del maltrato y abandono infantil, modelos que en un principio se basaban en una perspectiva unicausal. Actualmente, el maltrato infantil se encuadra en un marco teórico multicausal; desde este enfoque, se proporciona un análisis de aquellos factores ambientales, familiares e individuales, que se consideran importantes en la explicación del maltrato y abandono infantil intrafam...

El ambiente y la disciplina escolar desde el conductismo y el constructivismo

OpenAIRE

Mario Segura Castillo

2005-01-01

El propósito del presente artículo es realizar un análisis comparativo entre algunos elementos del conductismo y el constructivismo. Es necesario demostrar la inconmensurabilidad paradigmática y desmentir las posiciones eclécticas como los supuestos filosóficos de la actual Política Educativa en Costa Rica (1995), las cuales consideran que los docentes en el ambiente y en el manejo de la disciplina escolar deben utilizar, simultáneamente, tanto el conductismo como el constructivismo. Desde la...

Cambiemos la percepción social hacia las personas con discapacidad desde el Servicio Comunitario

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zuleima Corredor Ponce

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo da cuenta de una experiencia desarrollada en la Universidad Nacional Abierta (UNA, Centro Local Zulia, relativa al diseño e implementación de un proyecto socioeducativo, cuyo objetivo fue promover un cambio en la percepción social hacia las personas con discapacidad, desde la actividad de Servicio Comunitario, para configurar una cultura inclusiva. El proyecto fue propuesto desde la UNA y se implementó una primera experiencia mediante una alianza estratégica con estudiantes de Servicio Comunitario de la Universidad Rafael Belloso Chacín (URBE. Se concluye que las alianzas entre universidades son una valiosa oportunidad para contribuir a la resolución de problemáticas sociales complejas, mediante proyectos de alto impacto; se observó un desplazamiento conductual en relación al tema en los estudiantes prestadores del servicio y se logró formar y sensibilizar a la comunidad. Se espera identificar nuevos nodos y consolidar una red interinstitucional en la que las personas con discapacidad sean actores fundamentales.

La anticoncepción desde la farmacia comunitaria, Una visión clínica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rodríguez Martínez MJ.

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Los métodos anticonceptivos empleados con mayor frecuencia son de dispensación o venta en la farmacia comunitaria. Destacan entre ellos los anticonceptivos hormonales orales y los preservativos con un porcentaje de uso respectivamente del 20 y el 38% y son con diferencia los más utilizados. Pero también otros menos habituales, como dispositivos intrauterinos o de baja eficacia, como cremas espermicidas, se van a adquirir en la farmacia; sin olvidarnos de la anticoncepción de urgencia que, desde hace un año, es de libre dispensación. En todos los casos, el contacto con el farmacéutico va a ser el último que los usuarios van a tener con un profesional sanitario antes de empezar o continuar con un tratamiento, o utilizar el anticonceptivo. Esto hace que la farmacia tenga un puesto clave desde el cual ofrecer educación sanitaria e información sobre el correcto uso de cada uno de los métodos, buscando garantizar la eficacia y la seguridad del tratamiento.

DESDE AMBROSETTI HASTA RABEY, SOBRE LA COCA Y EL COQUEO EN ARGENTINA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Akira Igaki

2010-01-01

Full Text Available La hoja de coca, apreciada entre los pueblos indígenas desde sus primeros contactos y difundida por ellos hacia otros lugares durante milenios, entró a los complejos procesos conflictivos -tanto interculturales como internacionales- de estigmatización y marginalización desde el período colonial hasta el día de hoy. Argentina se encuentra dentro de estos procesos pues la coca es comúnmente usada en áreas andinas del norte del país. Este trabajo presenta a dos científicos sociales argentinos -Juan Bautista Ambrosetti y Mario Rabey- de dos épocas que no solamente separan por casi cien años la publicación de sus estudios sobre los usos de la hoja sino también otorgan diferentes significados en el objeto y objetivo del estudio. Mientras Ambrosetti representa y legitima con su lenguaje la hegemonía que estigmatiza la práctica cultural no europea, como lo son dichos usos, Rabey los reivindica como parte de la diversidad cultural entendida como diferencia cultural discriminada, con una postura crítica a la hegemonía idiosincrásica nacional. A través de la comparación entre ellos, este trabajo relata el cambio en la mirada antropológica y su posición como producto de un complejo desenvolvimiento de relaciones entre dicha diferencia y su significado en la ciencia y política.

Necesidad de trabajar las relaciones de pareja saludable desde contextos socio-educativos.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juana-María Gila-Ordóñez

2018-04-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presenta una reflexión a partir de una tesis doctoral sobre la necesidad de fomentar las relaciones de pareja saludables en contextos socio-educativos[1]. Se justifica, la necesidad de establecer una educación integral, en todas las dimensiones de la persona, y en base a ello, trabajar aspectos afectivos, y, en concreto, la imagen de pareja saludable, directamente relacionada con la prevención de la violencia de género y otras diversas problemáticas de la sociedad actual. Se considera que esto ha de hacerse desde la edad escolar, pues los imaginarios -y entre ellos, la imagen de lo que ha de ser la pareja-, se va conformando desde niños y especialmente en la adolescencia. Se propone, para ello, trabajar por medio de las artes y la creatividad, a través del proceso arte-terapéutico: percibir-interiorizar-expresar. Los resultados de la investigación concluyen la eficacia de esta metodología, pues facilita la integración cognitivo emocional -ineludible para construir identidades sanas-, y consolida el aprendizaje. [1] Proyecto de Tesis Doctoral con Mención Internacional. Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal. Universidad de Jaén, España. Financiado por Programas de Doctorado en el Ámbito del Patrimonio de las Universidades que constituyen el Proyecto PatrimoniUN10.

Amino acid transporter expansions associated with the evolution of obligate endosymbiosis in sap-feeding insects (Hemiptera: sternorrhyncha).

Science.gov (United States)

Dahan, Romain A; Duncan, Rebecca P; Wilson, Alex C C; Dávalos, Liliana M

2015-03-25

Mutualistic obligate endosymbioses shape the evolution of endosymbiont genomes, but their impact on host genomes remains unclear. Insects of the sub-order Sternorrhyncha (Hemiptera) depend on bacterial endosymbionts for essential amino acids present at low abundances in their phloem-based diet. This obligate dependency has been proposed to explain why multiple amino acid transporter genes are maintained in the genomes of the insect hosts. We implemented phylogenetic comparative methods to test whether amino acid transporters have proliferated in sternorrhynchan genomes at rates grater than expected by chance. By applying a series of methods to reconcile gene and species trees, inferring the size of gene families in ancestral lineages, and simulating the null process of birth and death in multi-gene families, we uncovered a 10-fold increase in duplication rate in the AAAP family of amino acid transporters within Sternorrhyncha. This gene family expansion was unmatched in other closely related clades lacking endosymbionts that provide essential amino acids. Our findings support the influence of obligate endosymbioses on host genome evolution by both inferring significant expansions of gene families involved in symbiotic interactions, and discovering increases in the rate of duplication associated with multiple emergences of obligate symbiosis in Sternorrhyncha.

The effects of host, geographic origin, and gender on the thermal requirements of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Nava, Dori E; Gomez-Torres, Mariuxi L; Rodrigues, Marjorie D; Bento, José M S; Haddad, Marinéia L; Parra, José R P

2010-04-01

Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is the vector of the bacteria that causes citrus greening and is considered one of the world's most important citrus diseases. We examined how host, geographic region, and gender affect the thermal requirements of D. citri. The insects were reared in climatic chambers at constant temperatures of 18, 20, 22, 25, 28, 30, and 32 +/- 1 degrees C, 70 +/- 10% RH, and a 14 h photophase. Host plants for D. citri included orange (Citrus sinensis [Rutaceae]) varieties Pêra and Natal, the rootstock, Rungpur lime (C. limonia [Rutaceae]) and the natural host, Orange jessamine (Murraya paniculata [Rutaceae]). To study the influence of geographic origin on thermal requirements, we studied D. citri populations from Piracicaba, SP (warmer region) and Itapetininga, SP (cooler region). The duration and survival of the development stages and the duration of the total development (egg-adult) did not differ significantly on the different hosts, but it did vary with temperature. Nymphs of D. citri created on the different hosts have the same thermal requirements. The thermal requirements for this species collected from the two climate regions were identical; males and females also had the same thermal requirements.

Caracterización del proceso de formación de la cultura artístico-literaria cubana desde la biblioteca universitaria

OpenAIRE

Ana Luisa Figueredo Figueredo; Maritza de la Caridad Figueredo Matos; Carlos Aponte Cabrera

2012-01-01

En el artículo se aborda el proceso de formación de la cultura artístico-literaria  desde la biblioteca universitaria y su influencia en la preparación académica de la comunidad universitaria, formación general integral y enriquecimiento cultural. Se analizan los antecedentes históricos del proceso de formación de la cultura artístico _ literaria cubana desde la biblioteca universitaria y se señalan referentes  sociológicos, gnoseológicos, psicológicos y pedagógicos de este  proceso de formac...

Una aproximación a la planeación minera a cielo abierto desde un enfoque basado en decisiones bajo incertidumbre

OpenAIRE

FRANCO SEPÚLVEDA, GIOVANNI; BRANCH BEDOYA, JOHN WILLIAN; JARAMILLO ÁLVAREZ, PATRICIA

2011-01-01

En este artículo se presenta en primer lugar una descripción del proceso de planeamiento minero desde un punto de vista clásico y su relación con los actuales procesos de planeamiento minero que tienen como base la optimización en sus diferentes etapas. Seguidamente, se realiza un acercamiento a los procesos de planeación minera a cielo abierto desde un enfoque basado en decisiones bajo incertidumbre. Por último, se lleva a cabo un análisis crítico de los artículos encontrados clasificándolos...

Políticas sobre Sexualidad: Reportes desde las Líneas del Frente

OpenAIRE

Petchesky, Rosalind; Vianna, Adriana R. B.; Carrara, Sergio

2008-01-01

Políticas sobre sexualidad: reportes desde las líneas del frente, es un estudio comparativo de las políticas de sexualidad, la salud sexual y los derechos sexuales en ochos países y en dos instituciones mundiales. El trabajo contenido en Políticas sobre sexualidad ha sido desarrollado bajo el auspicio del Sexual Policy Watch [Observatorio de Políticas Sexuales] (SPW), un foro mundial compuesto por investigadores y activistas de una amplia gama de países y regiones del mundo. Inspirado en inic...

Neutralización ácido – base, un concepto desde lo cotidiano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Muños

2009-10-01

Full Text Available A continuación presentamos una experiencia de aula realizada por los docentes en formación de la Universidad Distrital, sobre la enseñanza del concepto de neutralización ácido – base, esto con la finalidad de generar una propuesta innovadora en cuanto a las metodologías y modelos utilizados para la enseñanza de las ciencias en el aula. La propuesta se fundamenta en el modelo de resolución de problemas y la contextualización de la ciencia desde lo cotidiano.

Cambio climático y salud humana: un mensaje reiterado desde 1995

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Calvo

2008-10-01

Full Text Available En agosto pasado, se celebró el XX aniversario del IPCC (Panel Intergubernamental sobre Cambio Climático. Desde el segundo informe de evaluación, el IPCC viene enfatizando sobre los potenciales efectos del clima sobre la salud. Sin embargo, alrededor del mundo, las enfermedades relacionadas con el clima, más allá de las victimas de los llamados desastres naturales, vienen aumentando en todas las latitudes. Este trabajo presenta un breve panorama sobre los informes y el panorama general con el que se relaciona.

Falacias del desarrollo sustentable: una crítica desde la metamorfosis conceptual

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Murillo Licea

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Se revisan los orígenes de los conceptos de desarrollo rural y desarrollo sustentable desde un punto de vista en el que las ciencias del lenguaje, la semiótica y la comunicación entran en juego. Se presentan, a grandes rasgos, algunos elementos que aparecen en la determinación del uso y empleo de programas aplicados en México, así como dos ejemplos donde el desarrollo rural fue un pretexto para la aplicación y la actuación de algunas instituciones públicas.

An experimental test of rainfall as a control agent of Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera, Psyllidae on seedlings of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn (Myrtaceae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karla N. Oliveira

2012-03-01

Full Text Available An experimental test of rainfall as a control agent of Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera, Psyllidae on seedlings of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn (Myrtaceae. Glycaspis brimblecombei is one the greatest threats to eucalyptus plantations in Brazil. The effects of rainfall to reduce the abundance of lerp of Glycaspis brimblecombei on experimentally infested seedlings of Eucalyptus camaldulensis were assessed. The number of lerps on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of every leaf of 60 seedlings was recorded, before and after submission to the following treatments: "artificial rain", "leaf wetting" and control. A drastic reduction in lerp abundance per plant was observed after the treatments "leaf wetting" and artificial rain (F = 53.630; p Teste experimental da chuva como agente de controle de Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera, Psyllidae em mudas de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn (Myrtaceae. Glycaspis brimblecombei é uma das maiores ameaças das plantações de eucalipto do Brasil. Foram avaliados os efeitos da água na redução da abundância de conchas desse inseto em mudas de Eucalyptus camaldulensis infestadas experimentalmente. Foi quantificado o número de conchas nas superfícies adaxial e abaxial de todas as folhas de 60 mudas, antes e após a aplicação dos seguintes tratamentos: "chuva artificial", "molhamento das folhas" e controle. Foi observada uma drástica redução na abundância de conchas nos tratamentos "chuva artificial" e "molhamento das folhas" (F = 53,630; p < 0,001, o que não ocorreu para o tratamento controle ao longo do experimento (F = 1,450; p = 0,232. Ao final do experimento, a abundância de conchas foi significativamente menor no tratamento "chuva artificial" e "molhamento das folhas" do que no tratamento controle. Dessa forma, dois dias de chuva mostraram ser eficientes para diminuir mais que 50% da população de conchas, com quase 100% de eficiência após 5 dias de experimento. Nossos resultados

Estudos bionômicos de Dipetalogaster maximus (Uhler, 1894 (Hemiptera - Triatominae: II - Influência da dieta sobre o ciclo biológico e resistência ao jejum Bionomic studies of Dipetalogaster maximus (Uhler, 1894 (Hemiptera: Triatominae: II. Influence of diet on the biological cycle and resitance to fast

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jane Margaret Costa

1987-03-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se a influência de dois tipos de dieta na cronologia da ontogênsese de Dipetalogaster maximus. Alimentou-se um grupo em sangue de camundongos normais (C e outro em sangue de pombos (P. Ambos foram mantidos em estufa B.O.D. a 28ºC e 65% U.R. O grupo alimentado em C, atingiu a fase adulta com X=130,1 dias e o grupo alimentado em P com X=145,68 dias. A percentagem total de mortalidade foi significativamente superior nos alimentados em P (63,71% em relação aos alimentados em C (31,18%. Quanto á resistência ao jejum, o período de sobrevivência foi acentuadamente maior para o grupo alimentado em C. Principalmente nos 3º, 4º e 5º estádios. Estas observações complementam nossos registros anteriores desta espécie, mantida nas mesmas condições, sobre: fertilidade das fêmeas, ritmo de postura, viabilidade dos ovos e curva da mortalidade x fertilidade.Two kinds of blood-meal were assayed in order to broaden the knowledge of the biology of Dipetalogaster maximus: one group of insects was fed on normal mouse blood (C and another group fed on pigeon blood (P. Both groups were kept in a B.O.D. - chamber (28ºC and 65% R.H.. Significant data concerning their development was registered: the group fed on C reached the adult stage in X = 130,1 days and the group fed on P in X = 145,6 days. Mortality of group fed on P, (63,71% was doubled that of group fed on C (31,18%. The period of survival, as measured by resistance to starvation, was markedly greater in group fed on C, particularly in the third, fourth and fifth stages. These observations complete our former records of this species, kept under the same conditions of female fertility, egg vialbility and comparative mortality and fertility rates.

PASIÓN, MEMORIA Y FANTASMAS DESDE EL PATIO 29

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Claudio Andrés Maldonado Rivera

2008-01-01

Full Text Available La memoria es uno de los mecanismos de reconstrucción cultural que posibilita entender la gestación de la identidad colectiva. En esta investigación se intenta dar cuenta, desde una perspectiva semiótica, de cómo la memoria activa la (reconstrucción y mantenimiento identitario de la colectividad de la izquierda chilena dentro de un lugar codificado ideológicamente, la Necrópolis, en específico el Cementerio General de Santiago (C.G.S, en particular el patio 29, el cual acoge los cuerpos de aquellos asesinados durante la dictadura en Chile 1973-1990. Estos cuerpos, transmutados a sepulturas y fantasmas, activan los procesos de semiosis que dan sentido a la conformación de la identidad colectiva de la izquierda chilena sobreviviente a la dictadura dirigida por Augusto Pinochet.

Desarrollo sostenible: enfoques desde las ciencias económicas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Andrés Vergara Tamayo

2016-07-01

Full Text Available El concepto de desarrollo sostenible ha sido objeto de gran discusión y controversia durante décadas, de cuestionamientos y debates teórico–prácticos en el ámbito disciplinar económico. Las teorías que soportan esta diversidad conceptual permiten identificar en el tiempo no solo la construcción del concepto, sino también la transformación que este sufre, ya sea por parte de enfoques disciplinares o también multidisciplinares, como una diversidad de posturas frente a la evolución del mismo. A partir de allí surge la necesidad de relacionar algunos elementos clave, así como los diferentes puntos del desarrollo sostenible, dadas las condiciones que dieron origen a este desde la economía como ciencia social.

Identidad personal, felicidad y sostenibilidad: reflexiones desde la fenomenologia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joan Bähr

2014-03-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se analiza desde una perspectiva fenomenológica como la identidad y la felicidad son elementos vinculados biyectivamente a la sostenibilidad. La identidad y felicidad se conforman en relación a la bioregión. El sentido de identidad es fundamental para la autoestima y la felicidad en los humanos y consiste en sentirse lo que uno es y en rechazar lo que uno no es. Defendemos en este artículo que la identidad personal y la consecuente felicidad, son el asiento de la experiencia humana con la naturaleza que nos lleva a la sostenibilidad y no a una renuncia penosa al bienestar como suele pensarse. El ser humano debe incorporar en su cultura política el bioregionalismo, pues constituye la relación que hace posible su identidad y la consecuente felicidad.

VIH/SIDA UNA PERSPECTIVA BIOÉTICA DESDE LA HERMENÉUTICA DE LA EXISTENCIA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Andrés Andino Acosta

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Teniendo en cuenta a bien todos los procesos gestionados y alcanzados a favor de no seguir concibiendo y gestando la estigmatización que deshumaniza el contexto del VIH/sida, aún se vulnera la dignidad y los derechos de las personas. Esta situación conmueve el sentido de la existencia y la historia de cada ser humano, no solo porque afecta de manera silenciosa la salud, sino porque aún produce un cierto rechazo y exclusión. Pero su mayor flagelo lo producen ciertas interpretaciones que, desde juicios moralizantes y corrumpentes, motivan actitudes negativas que llevan a la discriminación e irrespeto. Es importante levantar la voz para que resuene y haga eco en las conciencias de aquellos que aún incitan con sus gestos acciones inhumanas, frente a considerar en interpretar el VIH/sida como un sinónimo de estigmatización, rechazo y muerte. Así, el VIH/sida no solo afecta la salud de las personas sino también su realidad óntica y ontológica, su dignidad, sus derechos, sus principios, sus valores y sus creencias. En este contexto, desde la bioética, ofrecemos una reflexión para proteger la vida y el respeto por la dignidad humana como un valor absoluto y fundamental en esta clase de contextos vulnerables.

Propuestas alternativas desde la historiografia israeli

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pietro Morocutti

2014-10-01

Full Text Available La narración histórica del pasado tiene consecuencias profundas sobre la auto representación y la memoria colectiva de los grupos humanos, especialmente en situaciones de conflicto. Analizaremos la evolución de las narraciones históricas alternativas propuestas por la academia israelí desde la fundación del estado en 1948. A pesar de los fuertes tabúes sociales y políticos presentes en la academia israelí algunas de estas propuestas tienen el potencial para abrir un debate más libre sobre el pasado del estado de Israel y crear las condiciones para la reconciliación entre comunidades en lucha en Palestina/Israel. Palabras clave: Historia, Israel, Palestina, memoria colectiva, historiografía. _____________________ The historical narration of the past has deep ramifications in the self representation and the collective memory of human groups, especially in conflict situations. We will analyze the evolution of alternative historical narratives proposed by the Israeli academia since the foundation of the state in 1948. Despite the deep social and political taboos present in the Israeli society and academia some of these proposals have a great potential to open the debate and create the conditions for reconciliation between the embattled communities in Palestine/Israel. Keywords: History; Israel; Palestine; Collective Memory; Historiografy.

Tip of the clade on the top of the World—the first fossil Lophopidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) from the Palaeocene of Tibet

Science.gov (United States)

Szwedo, Jacek; Stroiński, Adam; Lin, Qibin

2015-06-01

Lophopidae is a family of planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) present today in tropical and subtropical zones of the Old World. The most recent taxonomic studies and phylogeny of these insects do not include the extinct representatives. Therefore, each new discovery of a fossil lophopid is of high interest, giving new insights to their evolutionary history and enabling to test the proposed relationships. The recent findings of extinct Lophopidae in Europe, in various Palaeogene deposits, put in doubts their proposed evolutionary and biogeographic scenario. The new fossil from the Palaeocene of Northern Tibet is related to one of the Lophopidae clades, Apia+ group, believed to be the most advanced one, and recently distributed in the recent Sundaland-New Guinea-Queensland area. A new genus and species Gesaris gnapo gen. et sp. n. provide information on early lophopids diversity and relationships and demonstrates the necessity for a revision of the existing hypotheses for the initial diversification and distributional pattern of the Lophopidae.

Tentativas de criação de triatomíneos em laboratório por meio de alimentação "in vitro" Attempts for breeding triatominae in laboratory by means of "in vitro" feeding

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hertha Barbara Wüllert Telles de Souza

1991-06-01

Full Text Available Para simplificar a criação de triatomíneos em laboratório, necessária, por exemplo, à execução do xenodiagnóstico e em estudos de caráter biológico, foi tentada alimentação "in vitro", mediante emprego de sangue, citratado ou desfibrinado, de galinhas abatidas em matadouro avícola. Para avaliação da eficácia desse propósito, observações de duas naturezas, com Triatoma infestans, tiveram lugar, através das seguintes medidas; a análise do encadeamento de estádios ninfais sucessivos e da exeqüibilidade de satisfatórios acasalamentos, oviposição fértil e adequada reprodução; b apreciação da infectividade e da viabilidade do Trypanosoma cruzi nos insetos. Como conclusão, ficou evidente que, a despeito da facilitação operacional, o intuito não conduziu ao êxito desejado, já que o procedimento clássico, usado como controle, mostrou-se sempre superior.In order to simplify breeding of triatominae in the laboratory, for performing xenodiagnosis and other biologic studies, we tried to feed the insects "in vitro" with citrated or defibrinated blood from commercially abated chicken. Two types of efficacy observations were carried out with Triatoma infestans: a analysis of the chaining of successive nymphal stages, viability of satisfactory matching, fertile oviposition and adequate reproduction; b assessment of viability and infectivity of Trypanosoma cruzi in the insects. As a conclusion, it became evidente that, despite operational easiness, the objectives were not achieved, since the classical procedure used as the control, was always superior.

Elongation Factor-1α Accurately Reconstructs Relationships Amongst Psyllid Families (Hemiptera: Psylloidea), with Possible Diagnostic Implications.

Science.gov (United States)

Martoni, Francesco; Bulman, Simon R; Pitman, Andrew; Armstrong, Karen F

2017-12-05

The superfamily Psylloidea (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) lacks a robust multigene phylogeny. This impedes our understanding of the evolution of this group of insects and, consequently, an accurate identification of individuals, of their plant host associations, and their roles as vectors of economically important plant pathogens. The conserved nuclear gene elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1α) has been valuable as a higher-level phylogenetic marker in insects and it has also been widely used to investigate the evolution of intron/exon structure. To explore evolutionary relationships among Psylloidea, polymerase chain reaction amplification and nucleotide sequencing of a 250-bp EF-1α gene fragment was applied to psyllids belonging to five different families. Introns were detected in three individuals belonging to two families. The nine genera belonging to the family Aphalaridae all lacked introns, highlighting the possibility of using intron presence/absence as a diagnostic tool at a family level. When paired with cytochrome oxidase I gene sequences, the 250 bp EF-1α sequence appeared to be a very promising higher-level phylogenetic marker for psyllids. © The Author(s) 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.