USDA-ASCS 1936-1939 Air Photos

Data.gov (United States)

Minnesota Department of Natural Resources — This data set is a digital version of aerial photographs taken during the 1936-1939 time frame for the USDA-ASCS. These photos were originally recorded at a scale of...

Сказка - ложь, да в ней намек... / Виктор Кузнецов

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Кузнецов, Виктор

2003-01-01

Nõukogude lastekirjandusest 1930. a-te 2. poolel: Lagin, Lazar. Vanake Hottabõtsh (1938); Volkov, Aleksandr. Smaragdlinna võlur (1939); Tolstoi, Aleksei. Kuldvõtmeke ehk Buratino seiklused (1936); Tshukovski, Kornei. Varastatud päike (1935)

Minor floods of 1938 in the North Atlantic States

Science.gov (United States)

,

1947-01-01

Five noteworthy floods occurred during 1938 in the North Atlantic States. The first flood was in January, the others were in June, July, August, and September. The floods of January, June, and August were relatively local events in Connecticut, New Jersey, and New York, respectively. The floods of July and September were widespread, reaching from New Jersey and New York to New Hampshire in generally coincident locations. The flood of September, the most severe, is described in appropriate detail in Water-Supply Paper 867; the others in this volume are in separate sections arranged chronologically. Extraordinary floods in Connecticut during January 1938 resulted from a critical combination of warm rainfall and virtual overnight melting of the accumulated snowfall of winter. Seven small streams in central and western Connecticut rose to levels on January 25 higher than those reached during the great floods of March 1936. Crest discharge of these streams approximated 100 second-feet per square mile. Ice cover was loosened and sent downstream in recurrent jams. In general, the larger rivers did not attain extraordinary stages. The Connecticut River at Hartford peaked at a stage 3.6 feet above ordinary flood level. Direct damage by the flood was relatively small. Snow cover on January 20, at the beginning of the rains, varied from 0.25 inch along the coast to 2.75 inches water equivalent in the northern part of the State. Precipitation between January 24 and 26 exceeded 2.75 inches in only three small areas. Total supply as water in snow and precipitation did not exceed 4.8 inches over any tributary area. Maximum measured flood run-off was 2.7 inches. The flood of June 1938 in New Jersey was the immediate result of a 30-hour rainstorm on June 26-27 that centered along a line extending from Odessa, Del., to Milton, N. J. Storm rainfall exceeded 5 inches over a total area of 2,900 square miles. River stages in the central parts of the storm area rose to levels that

MITHRAS REDISCOVERED II. FURTHER NOTES ON CIMRM 1938 AND 1986

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Szabo Csaba

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Recently, an important Mithraic relief was rediscovered and republished by the author of these lines in collaboration with George Bounegru and Victor Sava. The relief, known in the literature as CIMRM 1938 was for a long time considered a „disappeared” monument, the only laconic description being that of Marteen J. Vermaseren from his monumental corpus. Due to the recently rediscovered photographs of the relief and the detailed analysis of the correspondence between Béla Cserni and Franz Cumont, the CIMRM 1938 is now became available for further research. In this article, I will add some further historiographic and iconographic notes on one of the biggest Mithraic reliefs found in Dacia, solving also another mysterious piece in Vermaseren’s catalogue, the CIMRM 1986. The article is also the first publication of Béla Cserni’s photograph about the relief.

[Genesis and political background of "Sonderaktion Krakau" 6 XI 1939].

Science.gov (United States)

August, J

1998-01-01

The decision to imprison Cracow's University professors on November 6, 1939 was made in connection with the establishment of the so-called General Government, as a second stage of German security police action in nazi-occupied Poland to ensure German rule also over Central and Southern Poland. By this way Sonderaktion Krakau (Special Action Cracow)--as continuation of politische Flurbereinigung (political cleaning up) started in German occupied Western Poland in September 1939--was a part of a second wave of persecution directed against the Polish societies' social classes indicated by Nazi leaders and chiefs of German security police as Poland's leadership, a wave of persecution now, since the end of October 1939, enlarged on Central and Southern Poland. The imprisonment of the Cracow Professors subsequently marked the perspective, that Poland's scientific and academic institutions as a whole would be destroyed, so that in future no Polish scientists, intellectuals and university people even would have the possibility to do scientific work and to have subsistence from doing this kind of work. As a consequence, Poland's intellectuals and university-trained people as a social class in future would disappear indefinitely, and the people of Poland, deprived of intellectual leadership, would be transformed into a mass of dependend lower-class working people, so that the Nazi leaders mournfull future-scenario for their rule in German occupied Central and Eastern Europe would become reality. By this way the imprisonment of the Cracow Professors on November 6, 1939 was the first step to realize Nazi future plans concerning Central and Eastern Europe.

TÜRKİYE-ROMANYA İLİŞKİLERİ(1930-1938 THE RELATIONS OF TURKEY-ROMANIA(1930-1938

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Selman YAŞAR

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Turkey-Romania relations have begun a few months before from declaration of Republic of Turkey. Turkey which has applied the principle “Peace at home, peace in the world” in foreign policiy, has solved own problems in the first years at foundation of state. In this period Turkey has taken part in international peace study, has signed peace agreements. She has attended in the friendly relations and hasmake an effort to solve the problems in the world. Romanya which hasown wide lands at the end of the World War I, has trailed an antirevizyonistpoliciy with the aim of protection of own lands. EitherTurkey’s trail this policiy has bring two state near of each other.Romania which has joint in Laussanne Conference has supportedTurkey at the matter of Capitulates. Embassies have opened in Ankaraand Bucharest correspondingly after the Laussanne Conference. Therelations between Turkey and Romania have developed direction ofdevelopments in Europe and The Pact of Balkan and two countriesrelations has continued in friendly between 1930-1938 years. Twocountries has signed treaty of friendship and trade between 1930-1938years and they have acted together opposite of developments in theworld. Two countries have also tried hard for protection of status quo inEurope and Balkans. The first treaty has been signed in 1929 betweenTurkey and Romania and collaborate has been done in political andeconomic field until 1938. The visits have been realized for this aimmutually. Friendship and trade treaties have been signed between twocountries. in the 17 October 1933, during the visit to Ankara Titulescuwho has the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Romania, has been signedfriendship, nonagression and arbitrator agreement with Turkey. Turkeyand Romania have taken part in the Pact of Balkan when established in9 February 1934. Romania has support to Turkey at the Treaty ofMontreux. Türkiye-Romanya ilişkileri Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin ilanından birkaç ay önce ba

Adebisi Sanusi Giwa (?- 1938): The life and career of an Ibadan ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

1938): The life and career of an Ibadan entrepreneur and community leader. ... of colonial economic development and Western-style commercial elitism. ... that accompanied the development of this class and its implications for social and ...

Tularemia in Alaska, 1938 - 2010

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Hansen Cristina M

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Tularemia is a serious, potentially life threatening zoonotic disease. The causative agent, Francisella tularensis, is ubiquitous in the Northern hemisphere, including Alaska, where it was first isolated from a rabbit tick (Haemophysalis leporis-palustris in 1938. Since then, F. tularensis has been isolated from wildlife and humans throughout the state. Serologic surveys have found measurable antibodies with prevalence ranging from F. tularensis isolates from Alaska were analyzed using canonical SNPs and a multi-locus variable-number tandem repeats (VNTR analysis (MLVA system. The results show that both F. t. tularensis and F. t. holarctica are present in Alaska and that subtype A.I, the most virulent type, is responsible for most recently reported human clinical cases in the state.

TANZANIA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE SHORT COMMUNICATION

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Mgina

Page 1 ... caves (Table 2). Table 1: Known first landing of coelacanth in countries around the WIO region. The questionmark indicates ... Landing. Bottom type. Fishery type. Vessel Name Source. 1938. East London, S. Africa. Rocky. Trawl. Nerine. Smith 1939. 1952. --, Comoro. Volcanic slopes Lining ? Dinofish.com. 1991.

Visualizing Discipline of the Body in a German Open-Air School (1923-1939): Retrospection and Introspection

Science.gov (United States)

Thyssen, Geert

2007-01-01

This article considers how historians might use imagery in the context of an open-air school in Germany, Senne I-Bielefeld (1922-1939). In considering the "nature" of such images, issues and problems associated with their interpretation are illuminated and discussed. First, two images selected from the pre-Nazi period of the school are…

[Nursing in the movies: its image during the Spanish Civil War].

Science.gov (United States)

Siles González, J; García Hernández, E; Cibanal Juan, L; Gallardo Frías, Y; Lillo Crespo, M

1998-12-01

The cinema had carried out a determining role in the development of stereotypes and in a wide gamut of models related to real life situations. The objective of this analysis is to determine the influence cinema had on the image of nurses during the Spanish Civil War from 1936-1939. These are the initial hypotheses: the role of Spanish nurses during the civil war was reflected by both sides in their respective movie productions; and the image of nurses shown in these films, on both sides, presents a conflicting role concept for women in society. Following strategies developed by specialists in film analysis (Bondwell 1995, Uneso 1995, Carmona 1991) a total of 453 movie productions, 360 on the republican side and 93 on the national side, were reviewed. These films were listed in the Spanish National Films Library records. After analyzing the Spanish cinema productions during the Spanish Civil War, data relating to 453 films were identified. The genre included documents, news programs and fiction movies. 77 were produced in 1936, 235 in 1937, 102 in 1938 and 39 in 1939. A tremendous difference exists between the republican productions, 79% of the total, and the national productions. By genres, the types produced on the republican side were: in 1936, 53 documentals, 4 news programs and 9 fiction films; in 1937, 186 documentals, 5 news programs and 19 fiction films; in 1938, 72 documentals, 1 news programs and 2 fiction films; in 1939, 2 documentals and 2 fiction films. On the national side, their productions were: in 1936, 10 documentals and 1 fiction film; in 1937, 22 documentals, 2 news programs and 1 fiction film; in 1938, 19 documentals and 3 news programs; in 1939, 29 documentals and 6 fiction films. During the Spanish Civil War, movies produced by both sides made an effort to reflect their ideal woman as a stereotypical ideal nurse. This ideal nurse showed the values, ideas, aesthetics and prejudices each side held in the war.

Riigikaitse Nõukogu roll Eesti riigikaitse uuendamisel 1933-1939 / Urmas Salo

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Salo, Urmas, 1960-

2007-01-01

Ülevaade Riigikaitse Nõukogu loomisest, ülesannetest, koosseisust ja tegevusest (kolmest perioodist nõukogu tegevuses). Kaitseväe reorganiseerimisest. 1938. aasta aprillis alustas tööd uus Riigikogu ja vähenes Riigikaitse Nõukogu tähtsus

Kinesthetic Ventures Informed by the Work of F. M. Alexander, Stanislavski, Peirce, and Freud.

Science.gov (United States)

Bouchard, Ed; Wright, Ben; Protzel, Michael, Ed.

This book is about education harvested from self-observation. F. Matthias Alexander (1869-1955) studied the experience of self formation, working with motor habits. His method is used in performing arts training to enhance bodily and vocal expression. Like Alexander, Konstantine Stanislavski (1863-1938) and Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) studied human…

Etude du developpement de l’Ostracode marin Sphaeromicola dudichi Klie, 1938

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Roelofs, H.M.A.

1968-01-01

Sphaeromicola dudichi Klie, 1938, acommensal ostracod of the amphipod Chelura terebrans Philippi, 1839, is frequently found in the Mediterranean near Marseille. This ostracod proves to lay its eggs on the brood lamellae of the female, or on the gills of the male of Chelura, more frequently on the

Arts, Crafts, and Rural Rehabilitation: the Sisters of Charity, Halifax, and Vocational Education in Terence Bay, Nova Scotia, 1938-1942

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Sasha MULLALLY

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Responding to rural poverty associated with the declining fishery, the rise of industrial capitalism, and the impact of the Great Depression, the Sisters of Charity, Halifax, implemented a vocational training program in weaving and carpentry in the small community of Terence Bay, Nova Scotia in 1938. Senator William Dennis, a proponent of the New Democracy Movement, financed the program. Because the Sisters based their claims to success on observed behavioural changes among the residents of Terence Bay, the program can be seen as an example of liberal therapeutics in education, a model that placed emphasis on achieving social goals rather than transferring discrete skills and capacities to pupils. Focusing on the years 1938-43, this paper outlines the rehabilitation efforts at Terence Bay, describes the programs the Sisters implemented, and evaluates the definitions of success ascribed to their training school just a few years later.

Advertising in Actas Dermosifiliográficas, 1909-1939.

Science.gov (United States)

Díaz-Díaz, R M

2014-05-01

We review advertisements published in the journal Actas Dermosifiliográficas between 1909 and 1939. Treatments for sexually transmitted diseases were advertised with particular frequency, and they offer a case in point that exemplifies the close relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and medical journals. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier España, S.L. and AEDV. All rights reserved.

Centralizare versus „descentralizare”. „Reforma administrativă” de la 1938 (Centralization versus „decentralization”. „Administrative reform” from 1938

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Florin GRECU

2014-02-01

Full Text Available The „decentralization” of the Romanian public administration during the authoritarian monarchy was meant to be achieved through the administrative reform from August 14, 1938, but the effect of the law consisted in an excessive centralization and militarization. Thus, the decentralization strengthened the state power, by nominating the officer corps in the administration and in the single party, the National Renaissance Front, focused decisions at the government level, at the expense of the 10 counties manufactured by the monarchical authoritarian regime.

Untitled

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Lobelia anaena (Hewitt, 1939), and L. trialata Buch-Ham. (Kausik and. Subramanyam, 1945b). In L. syphilitica L. (Crete, 1938) and Cephalo- stigma Schimperi Hochst. (Kausik and Subramanyam, in Press), however, it is the primary embryonal cell that divides first. In the three-celled pro- embryo the middle and basal cells ...

El plan del nitrogeno (1939-61)

OpenAIRE

Antonio Gómez de Mendoza

1997-01-01

Evolución histórica de la industria del nitrógeno en España durante el período de 1939 a 1961 a través de cuatro apartados: el problema del nitrógeno en el período de entre guerras, los cambios introducidos por el INI, análisis de la gestión de la Sociedad Ibérica del Nitrógeno y el estudio de la industria del nitrógeno entre 1951-1961.

49 CFR 1242.28 - Roadway machines, small tools and supplies, and snow removal (accounts XX-19-36 to XX-19-38...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... snow removal (accounts XX-19-36 to XX-19-38, inclusive). 1242.28 Section 1242.28 Transportation Other... tools and supplies, and snow removal (accounts XX-19-36 to XX-19-38, inclusive). Separate common expenses according to distribution of common expenses listed in § 1242.10, Administration—Track (account XX...

La restauración de la iglesia de Santa María del Castillo de Castelldefels (Barcelona, España

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González Moreno-Navarro, Antoni

1996-10-01

Full Text Available The church next to the castle of Castelldefels (both municipal property has been restored for its use as civic center and meeting point for historical studies related to that fast growing township. In its presbytery traces of the early Iberian and Roman settlements can be seen, and also, in one of the chapels, graffiti left by International Brigades occupying the castle during the Civil War between 1938 and 1939. The church has regained yet its fortress look with white walls.

La iglesia aneja al castillo de Castelldefels, ambos edificios de propiedad municipal, ha sido restaurada para su uso como espacio cultural y punto de información histórica de un municipio que ha sufrido un rápido crecimiento. En el presbiterio pueden verse los restos de los primeros asentamientos ibéricos y romanos y, en una capilla, los grafitos que dejaron los combatientes de las Brigadas Internacionales que ocuparon el castillo durante la Guerra Civil, entre 1938 y 1939. El edificio ha recuperado también su apariencia de iglesia fortificada de muros blancos.

Anthony Eden a Foreign Office v letech 1935-1938

OpenAIRE

Švehlová, Petra

2015-01-01

The bachelor thesis Anthony Eden and the Foreign Office, 1935-1938 deals with foreign policy of Anthony Eden during the time, when he was the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs of the United Kingdom before the Second World War. The thesis analyses influence of Anthony Eden on Italian-Abyssinian war, Rhineland crisis, Spanish civil war and studies, up to what extent, Anthony Eden took part in the appeasement policy. The thesis focuses on the changes in functioning of Foreign Office during ...

The Madrid School of Neurology (1885-1939).

Science.gov (United States)

Giménez-Roldán, S

2015-01-01

The emergence of neurology in Madrid between 1885 and 1939 had well-defined characteristics. On foundations laid by Cajal and Río-Hortega, pioneers combined clinical practice with cutting-edge neurohistology and neuropathology research. Luis Simarro, trained in Paris, taught many talented students including Gayarre, Achúcarro and Lafora. The untimely death of Nicolás Achúcarro curtailed his promising career, but he still completed the clinicopathological study of the first American case of Alzheimer's disease. On returning to Spain, he studied glial cells, including rod cells. Rodríguez Lafora described progressive myoclonus epilepsy and completed experimental studies of corpus callosum lesions and clinical and neuropathology studies of senile dementia. He fled to Mexico at the end of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). Sanchís Banús, a sterling clinical neurologist, described the first cluster of Huntington's disease in Spain, and he and Río-Hortega joined efforts to determine that pallidal degeneration underlies rigidity in advanced stages of the disease. Just after the war, Alberca Llorente eruditely described inflammatory diseases of the neuraxis. Manuel Peraita studied "the neurology of hunger" with data collected during the siege of Madrid. Dionisio Nieto, like many exiled intellectuals, settled in Mexico DF, where he taught neurohistological methods and neuropsychiatry in the tradition of the Madrid School of Neurology. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Good Days on the Trail, 1938-1942: Film Footage of the Rocky Mountains, Colorado

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This film documents student hiking trips conducted by the University of Colorado at Boulder in the Rocky Mountains, Colorado, USA during the summers of 1938-1942....

Progonomys Schaub, 1938 and Huerzelerimys gen. nov. (Rodentia) : their evolution in Western Europe

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Mein, P.; Martín Suárez, E.; Agustí, J.

1993-01-01

In this paper the various species and populations attributed to the genus Progonomys Schaub, 1938 are revised. Valerymys Michaux, 1969 is considered to be synonymous with Occitanomys Michaux, 1969, since the type-species V. ellenbergeri (Thaler, 1966) was included in Occitanomys by Aguilar et al.

Chelsea, Pimlico and Belgravia District Nursing Association 1930-1939::A case study

OpenAIRE

Bliss, Julie

2017-01-01

The case study explores how the expansion of the health services during the interwar period impacted upon the status of district nursing and examines how being a voluntary service shaped district nursing associations. A range of primary sources were used; the Association Annual Reports, the Medical Officer for Health Annual Reports for the Borough of Chelsea, the Ministry of Health records, the archives of the Queen's Nursing Institute (QNI) and the Borough of Chelsea Council Minutes.The Medi...

Outline for Compiling Precipitation, Runoff, and Ground Water Data from Small Watersheds

Science.gov (United States)

Edward A. Johnson; Robert E. Dils

1956-01-01

This is a revision of Technical Note No. 34, first.issued in 1938 by C. R. Hursh. Reissues in 1939 and 1940 included numerous valuable suggestions for improvements from co-workers in the field of small drainage-area studies. Since the last issue in 1940, additions and deletions in both procedures and forms have been effected. In the present edition these changes have...

[Umgesiedelt - Vertrieben. Deutschbalten und Polen 1939-1945 im Warthegau] / Karsten Brüggemann

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Brüggemann, Karsten, 1965-

2012-01-01

Arvustus: Umgesiedelt - Vertrieben. Deutschbalten und Polen 1939-1945 im Warthegau / hrsg. von Eckhart Neander und Andrzej Sakson. Marburg : Verlag Herder-Institut 2010. (Tagungen zur Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, 29)

Příčiny mnichovské kapitulace v roce 1938

OpenAIRE

VOSÁHLO, Jan

2014-01-01

Bachelor thesis The Causes of the Munich Agreement in 1938 deals with the historical events that has led to the Munich Agreement which has been a major incident before the Second World War. The aim of this thesis is to clarify these causes of the Munich Agreement. The causes will be analyzed from four main point of views, the international, domestic, military and moral. Thesis might be used in an educational field to fully understand the circumstances of this event.

Meliponini neotropicais: o gênero Partamona Schwarz, 1939 (Hymenoptera, Apidae

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Pedro Silvia R. M.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Neotropical Meliponini: the genus Partamona Schwarz, 1939 (Hymenoptera, Apidae. The systematics and biogeography of Partamona Schwarz, a Neotropical genus of stingless bees (Meliponini, Apinae, Apidae, are revised. Seventeen new species are described: P. epiphytophila sp. nov., P. subtilis sp. nov., P. nhambiquara sp. nov., P. batesi sp. nov., P. yungarum sp. nov., P. vitae sp. nov., P. ferreirai sp. nov., P. gregaria sp. nov., P. auripennis sp. nov., P. nigrilabris sp. nov., P. combinata sp. nov., P. chapadicola sp. nov., P. seridoensis sp. nov., P. littoralis sp. nov., P. criptica sp. nov., P. rustica sp. nov. and P. sooretamae sp. nov. Partamona pseudomusarum Camargo, 1980, is considered as junior synonym of P. vicina Camargo, 1980. Types of P. grandipennis (Schwarz, 1951, P. xanthogastra Pedro & Camargo, 1996-1997, P. pearsoni (Schwarz, 1938, P. ailyae Camargo, 1980, P. pseudomusarum, P. vicina, P. mulata Moure in Camargo, 1980, P. aequatoriana Camargo, 1980, P. mourei Camargo, 1980, P. peckolti, (Friese, 1901, P. testacea (Klug, 1807, P. helleri (Friese, 1900 and P. musarum (Cockerell, 1917 were examined. Lectotypes of P. orizabaensis (Strand, 1919, and P. cupira (Smith, 1863 are designated. An identification key for the species and drawings of morphological characters are presented. A phylogenetic hypothesis, based mainly on morphological characters is proposed. Four groups are defined, considering the shape of mandible of workers and sternum VII of males: bilineata / epiphytophila group (western Amazon to México, including P. bilineata (Say, P. grandipennis, P. xanthogastra P. orizabaensis P. peckolti P. epiphytophila sp. nov., P. subtilis sp. nov., P. nhambiquara sp. nov., P. batesi sp. nov., P. yungarum sp. nov. and P. vitae sp. nov.; musarum group (Central Brazil, north of South America to Central America, including P. musarum, P. aequatoriana, P. vicina, P. mourei, P. pearsoni, P. ferreirai sp. nov., P. gregaria sp. nov. and P

The Radical Transformations and Deep Continuities of a Decade: Turkish Educational Policy, 1938-1950

Science.gov (United States)

Gündüz, Mustafa

2016-01-01

Turkey witnessed many educational and cultural policy innovations between 1938 and 1950. Realising strictly secular practices against religion and traditional culture pre-1946, political elites of the time aimed to construct a "humanistic culture" unique to Turkey. Educational policies were considered the most efficient tools in reaching…

Modeling of a historical earthquake in Erzincan, Turkey (Ms 7.8, in 1939) using regional seismological information obtained from a recent event

Science.gov (United States)

Karimzadeh, Shaghayegh; Askan, Aysegul

2018-04-01

Located within a basin structure, at the conjunction of North East Anatolian, North Anatolian and Ovacik Faults, Erzincan city center (Turkey) is one of the most hazardous regions in the world. Combination of the seismotectonic and geological settings of the region has resulted in series of significant seismic activities including the 1939 (Ms 7.8) as well as the 1992 (Mw = 6.6) earthquakes. The devastative 1939 earthquake occurred in the pre-instrumental era in the region with no available local seismograms. Thus, a limited number of studies exist on that earthquake. However, the 1992 event, despite the sparse local network at that time, has been studied extensively. This study aims to simulate the 1939 Erzincan earthquake using available regional seismic and geological parameters. Despite several uncertainties involved, such an effort to quantitatively model the 1939 earthquake is promising, given the historical reports of extensive damage and fatalities in the area. The results of this study are expressed in terms of anticipated acceleration time histories at certain locations, spatial distribution of selected ground motion parameters and felt intensity maps in the region. Simulated motions are first compared against empirical ground motion prediction equations derived with both local and global datasets. Next, anticipated intensity maps of the 1939 earthquake are obtained using local correlations between peak ground motion parameters and felt intensity values. Comparisons of the estimated intensity distributions with the corresponding observed intensities indicate a reasonable modeling of the 1939 earthquake.

Intergeneration transmission of cultural heritage of polish Tatars family in the years 1918 - 1939

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URSZULA WRÓBLEWSKA

2017-10-01

Full Text Available The subject matter of my article is analysis religion educational and cultural processes, which influenced in family on Polish Muslim Tatars during the period between World Wars. Chronological rangę overlaps 1918-1939 years. During that period, Poland built its State structures after a long time of partitions. I would like to display a multi-dimensional characteristic of Polish Tatars religion education. In my article I would like to answer to the ąuestion: What was important in transfer between generation in family of Tatars? I would also like to fili in ‘blank’ in the researches in the field of Tatars minority and family educational processes in the years 1918-1939.

SIS 50 years

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1989-01-01

In 1938 the Norwegian Parliament passed a law to ensure protection against ionizing radiation. The law stated that all use of ionizing radiation should be under governmental supervision. To enact this supervision, the National Institute for Radiation Hygiene was established in 1939. This booklet gives a historical review of the institute's development, which to a great extent reflects the general development of radiation protection in Norway

Why Was General Richard O’Connor’s Command in Northwest Europe Less Effective Than Expected?

Science.gov (United States)

2011-03-01

Commander of 7 Division and Military Governor of Jerusalem , September 1938- August 1939. ______. Papers of General Sir Richard O’Connor KT, GCB, DSO, MC...Montgomery, Brian. A Field Marshall in the Family: A Personal Biography of Montgomery of Alamein. New York: Taplinger, 1973. Montgomery, Field...Commanders: A Composite Biography . Combat Studies Institute publications, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, 1989

Operation Pied Piper: a geographical reappraisal of the impact of wartime evacuation on scarlet fever and diphtheria rates in England and Wales, 1939-1945.

Science.gov (United States)

Smallman-Raynor, M R; Cliff, A D

2015-10-01

This paper examines the geographical impact of the British Government's wartime evacuation scheme on notified rates of two common acute childhood diseases (scarlet fever and diphtheria) in the 1470 local government districts of England and Wales, 1939-1945. Drawing on the notifications of communicable diseases collated by the General Register Office (GRO), we establish pre-war (baseline) disease rates for the 1470 districts. For the war years, techniques of binary logistic regression analysis are used to assess the associations between (a) above-baseline ('raised') disease rates in evacuation, neutral and reception districts and (b) the major phases of the evacuation scheme. The analysis demonstrates that the evacuation was temporally associated with distinct national and regional effects on notified levels of disease activity. These effects were most pronounced in the early years of the dispersal (1939-1941) and corresponded with initial levels of evacuation-related population change at the regional and district scales.

Traditional Bulgarian Hunter's Cuisine (Hunter's Cooking Book (1939 [In Bulgarian

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A. Petrushev

2012-09-01

Full Text Available This very rare book was published in Belogradchik in 1939. The publisher is Stamen Kamenov. Stamen Kamenov owned a printing press, where several books of local and national importance were printed. This is a cookbook with recipes for cooking wild game. The book is relevant to modern man because it shows what has been the cuisine of old Bulgarians.

Association of daily physical activity level with health-related factors by gender and age-specific differences among Korean adults based on the sixth (2014-2015) Korea national health and nutrition examination survey

Science.gov (United States)

Chung, Nana; Park, Hun-Young; Park, Mi-Young; Hwang, Yoon-Young; Lee, Chi-Ho; Han, Jin-Soo; So, Jaemoo; Kim, Jisu; Park, Jonghoon; Lim, Kiwon

2017-06-30

This study examined the effects of daily physical activity level on health-related factors according to gender and identified age-specific differences among Korean adults. Using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2014-2015), we selected adults aged 19-64 years who participated in both a health examination and health interview survey. The study included 6,457 participants 19-64 years of age (2,611 men, 3,846 women). Assessment of the differences in health-related factors according to age and physical activity in men and women by repeated two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant interaction effects on total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in male participants, but there were no significant interaction effects for any health-related factors in female participants. The group of female participants aged 40-64 years with daily physical activity levels over 200 kcal showed a significantly increased prevalence of 46% for dyslipidemia compared to that in female participants with daily physical activity levels below 200 kcal. Physical activity was positively correlated with weight and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in men 19-39 years of age, compared to weight, waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), and DBP in men 40-64 years of age, and weight, WC, BMI, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and triglyceride (TG) levels in women 19-39 years of age. In women 40- 64 years of age, physical activity was especially significantly positively correlated with weight, BMI, HDL-C and negatively correlated with fasting glucose and TG levels. In male and female participants, the 40-64-year age group showed negative results for health-related factors compared to those in the 19-39-year age group. The higher the weight, WC, BMI, the higher is the physical activity level. Physical activity levels were significantly positively correlated with health-related variables

Eddy Powell 1939 - 2003

CERN Multimedia

2003-01-01

We were saddened to learn that Eddy Powell had passed away on Saturday 26 July after a long illness. Eddy had so many friends at CERN and made such a contribution to the Organisation that it is impossible that his passing goes without comment. Eddy was born in England on 4 August 1939 and, after serving his apprenticeship with the U.K. Ministry of Defence, he joined CERN in September 1965. As an electrical design draftsman with the Synchro-cyclotron Division he played an important role in the upgrades of that machine in the early 1970's, particularly on the RF systems and later on the development of the ISOLDE facility. This brought him into close contact with many of the technical support services in CERN and, unlike many of his compatriots, he acquired a remarkably good fluency in French. Always inquisitive on the physics carried out at CERN, he spent a great deal of time learning from physicists and engineers at all levels. When he felt sufficiently confident he became a CERN Guide for general public visit...

"Dancing on eggs": Charles H. Bynum, racial politics, and the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, 1938-1954.

Science.gov (United States)

Mawdsley, Stephen E

2010-01-01

In 1938, President Franklin D. Roosevelt and his law partner Basil O'Connor formed the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis (NFIP) to battle the viral disease poliomyelitis. Although the NFIP program was purported to be available for all Americans irrespective of "race, creed, or color," officials encountered numerous difficulties upholding this pledge in a nation divided by race. In 1944, NFIP officials hired educator Charles H. Bynum to head a new department of "Negro Activities." Between 1944 and 1954, Bynum negotiated the NFIP bureaucracy to educate officials and influence their national health policy. As part of the NFIP team, he helped increase interracial fund-raising in the March of Dimes, improve polio treatment for black Americans, and further the civil rights movement.

Kádár Lynn, Katalin, ed.: " Through an American Lens, Hungary, 1938: Photographs by Margaret Bourke-White"

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joyce Berczik Corbett

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Kádár Lynn, Katalin, ed. Through an American Lens, Hungary, 1938: Photographs by Margaret Bourke-White.Trans. Mario Fenyő. Essays by: Károly Szerencsés, Katalin Kádár Lynn, Péter Strausz. East European Monographs. Boulder: Columbia UP, Distributor, 2010.111 pp. ISBN: 978-0-88033-678-9.(Hungarian edition: Szerk.: Kádár Lynn Katalin, Szerencsés Károly esszéivel. Strausz Péter jegyzeteivel. Magyarország 1938: egy amerikai szemével, Margaret Bourke-White fotói. Budapest: L’Harmattan, Budapest, 2008. ISBN: 978-963-236-005-8 Reviewed by Joyce Berczik Corbett, Curatorial Consultant.

Polish Literature of the Holocaust. The First Instalment: 1939-1968

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Katarzyna Kuczyńska-Koschany

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The text is a critical attempt discussing the compendium Literatura polska wobec Zagłady, (“Polish Literature in the Face of the Holocaust” edited and published by three prominent scholarly experts on the subject: Sławomir Buryła, Dorota Krawczyńska and Jacek Leociak. This is the first of the three volumes of the series Reprezentacje Zagłady w kulturze polskiej (“Representations of the Holocaust in Polish Culture” – an endeavour which is imposing already in its first instalment concerning the years 1939-1968. The time frame of the abovementioned volume is marked by the date of the beginning of World War II (1939, resulting in the Holocaust of the Jews of Europe, and a “dry pogrom”, that is was the anti-Semitic campaign in Poland in 1968 (the campaign itself and its writings shall be examined in the following volume. A comprehensive and very carefully prepared monograph has been divided into two fundamental parts: concerning the literature reacting to the Holocaust conducted by Nazi Germany during the war (1939-1945 and discussing the literary echoes of that genocide in the years 1945-1968. The study and invaluable interpretational effort have been focused on personal document literature (Marta Janczewska, Jacek Leociak, the prose (Sławomir Buryła, Dorota Krawczyńska, the poetry (Piotr Matywiecki and the press (Ewa Koźmińska-Frejlak. A separate chapter has been devoted to a the “global text”, i.e., Archiwum Ringelbluma (“Ringelblum’s Archives”. Highly appreciating the entire volume as well as its individual fragments, recalling fundamental considerations and the ones concerning details, finally, proposing small corrections and pointing to minor shortcomings, the author of the critical review suggests the use of the formula “Polish literature of the Holocaust” (analogous to the formula coined by Grzegorz Niziołek “Polish theatre of the Holocaust” as the one principally necessary to be contrasted with the

Politics, Education and Pedagogy: Ruptures, Continuities and Discontinuities (Spain 1936-1939)

Science.gov (United States)

Viñao, Antonio

2015-01-01

Until around 10 years ago, the conventional wisdom in educational historiography held that the start of the Civil War (1936-1939), marking as it did the placing of education at the service of the war effort, involved a rupture, in both the Republican government and the "rebel" or Franco camp, with the preceding years as to the…

De electorale steun voor de Nationaal Socialistische Beweging in 1935 en 1939

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Flap, Henk; Tammes, Peter

2008-01-01

Summary Electoral support for the National Socialist Movement in 1935 and 1939 What was the social background of the electorate of the National Socialist Movement (NSB) in the Netherlands before the Second World War? Passchier and Van der Wusten (1979) came closest to an answer when they compared

Freinet en España (1926-1939 - Freinet in Spain (1926-1939

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José Luis Hernández Huerta

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Freinet na Espanha (1926-1939ResumoOs postulados sobre educação de Celestín Freinet, em seu empenho de dotar a Cooperativa de Ensino Laico - CEL - de um caráter internacional, transcendem as fronteiras francesas. A Espanha não ficou alheia a essa influência e logo a sua proposta foi bem acolhida apesar de, num primeiro momento, ter tido uma difusão escassa e pouca aplicação. Foram os ventos da renovação pedagógica propiciados pela Segunda República que deram o impulso e fomentaram a prática das novas técnicas educativas provenientes da França. Assim, o incipiente movimento freinetiano espanhol foi tomando corpo e, em pouco tempo, contou com um batalhão de mestres franco atiradores, uma sólida organização e um futuro promissor, marcado pelo começo da guerra civil. Esta pesquisa investiga a recepção espanhola da Escola Moderna, a divulgação e difusão da mesma, o itinerário seguido pelo movimento freinetiano espanhol em sua expansão e depuração franquista. Também apresenta um esboço do perfil dos professores integrantes do movimento.Palavras-chave: Freinet; Espanha; II República; depuração; renovação pedagó-gica; escola moderna.  FREINET IN SPAIN (1926-1939AbstractThe postulates on education from Celestín Freinet, and his determination to provide to the Cooperative of Lay Education - CLE - of an international character, came out soon the French borders. Spain was not foreign to such influence and, very soon, the Freinet’s educational offer had a good reception, even though, in the first moment, it had scanty diffusion and minor application. The winds of pedagogic renovation, propitiated by the Spanish Second Republic, gave impulse and encouraged the application of the new educational technologies from France. Thus, the incipient freinet’s spanish movement was taking shape and, in a little time, this had a battalion of sniper teachers, who wanted to apply those ideas, a solid organization and a promising

Being a Modern Christian and Worker in the Czechoslovak National State (1918–1938)

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Jemelka, Martin

2017-01-01

Roč. 57, č. 3 (2017), s. 97-113 ISSN 0353-0329 R&D Projects: GA ČR GA16-04364S Institutional support: RVO:67985921 Keywords : Czechoslovak Church, 1918-1938 * workers Subject RIV: AB - History OBOR OECD: History (history of science and technology to be 6.3, history of specific sciences to be under the respective headings)

A History of English Women’s Cricket, 1880-1939

OpenAIRE

Threlfall-Sykes, Judy

2015-01-01

This thesis is a study of the history of women’s cricket from the 1880s until 1939. Although the primary focus of this thesis is the interwar years, it explores the earliest forms of women’s cricket to provide context for the motivation of individuals to promote the game as acceptable for women, and of those who denounced its suitability. By exploring societal concerns over correct masculine and feminine behaviour and ideals, this thesis provides insight into the methods that contemporaries a...

Early Rehabilitation of Great Terror in 1939–1941: Intentions and Results

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Геннадий Аркадьевич Бордюгов

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The article analyzes the early attempts of the Stalin regime to investigate the cases of «breaking the socialist law» in 1937–1938. On the basis of the documents of central and local archives, the author examines the methods of this process, its scope, participants as well as the reasons for its abandoning.

Marxism and sociopolitical engagement in Serbian musical periodicals between the two world wars

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Vasić Aleksandar

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Between the two World Wars, in Belgrade and Serbia, seven musical journals were published: “Musical Gazette” (1922, “Music” (1928-1929, “Herald of the Musical Society Stanković” (1928-1934, 1938-1941; renamed to “Musical Herald” in january 1931, “Sound” (1932-1936, “Journal of The South Slav Choral Union” (1935-1936, 1938, “Slavic Music” (1939-1941 and “Music Review” (1940. The influence of marxism can be observed in “Musical Herald” (in the series from 1938, “Sound” and “Slavic Music”. A Marxist influence is obvious through indications of determinism. Namely, some writers (Dragutin Čolić observed elements of musical art and its history as (indirect consequences of sociopolitical and economic processes. Still, journals published articles of domestic and foreign authors who interpreted the relation between music, society and economy in a much more moderate and subtle manner (D.Cvetko, A.Schering. Editors and associates of these journals also had proscriptive ambitions - they recommended and even determined regulations for composers about what kind of music to write according to social goals and needs. According to tendencies in Marxism, there was a follow up of musical work in the Soviet Union. Editors tried not to be one-sided. There were writings about the USSR by left orientated associates as much as emigrants from that country, and articles of Soviet authors were translated. Also, there were critical tones about musical development in the first country of socialism. Serbian musical periodicals recognized the enormous threat from fascism. Also, there were articles about influence of Nazi ideology and dictatorship on musical prospects in Germany. Since Germany annexed Sudetenland in 1938, “Musical Herald” expressed support to musicians and people of that friendly country by devoting the October and November 1938 issue to Czechoslovak music, along with an appropriate introduction by the editor

Nuclear fission: reaction to the discovery in 1939

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Badash, L.; Hodes, E.; Tiddens, A.

1985-01-01

Historical aspects of the behavior of scientists in the aftermath of the discovery of nuclear fission are presented. An extensive background section is given which documents the worldwide discussion of atomic energy over the preceding four decades. A second section briefly surveys the research highlights of 1939. The third section examines the reactions of scientists, primarily in the United States, and includes coverage by newspapers, magazines and radio. The final section includes a number of themes to explain why there was little acknowledgment of the potential of the bomb to affect personal morality, the scientific community and international relations

NCBI nr-aa BLAST: CBRC-MEUG-01-1939 [SEVENS

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available CBRC-MEUG-01-1939 ref|NP_036916.1| cannabinoid receptor 1 (brain) [Rattus norvegicu...s] sp|P20272|CNR1_RAT RecName: Full=Cannabinoid receptor 1; Short=CB1; Short=CB-R; AltName: Full=Brain-type cann...abinoid receptor emb|CAA39332.1| CB1 cannabinoid receptor [Rattus norvegicus] gb|AAA99067.1| neuronal cann...abinoid receptor [Rattus norvegicus] gb|EDL98589.1| cannabinoid receptor 1 (bra...in) [Rattus norvegicus] prf||1613453A cannabinoid receptor NP_036916.1 0.0 94% ...

Manfred Gurlitt and the Japanese Operatic Scene, 1939-1972

OpenAIRE

GALLIANO, Luciana

2006-01-01

Manfred Gurlitt (1890-1972), a gifted composer and conductor, came tofeel he had to escape his native Germany in the late 1930s, as did manyother musicians. Although he had, in an idiosyncratic fashion, come toterms with the National Socialist regime, he exiled himself to Japan in1939, hoping to obtain a position that would allow him to maintain oreven to burnish his reputation in the world of music. His most brilliantearlier successes had been in opera, and in Japan his career was mainlylink...

Legislation and foreign trade in Republican Spain, 1936-1938 | Legislación y comercio exterior en la España republicana, 1936-1938

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José Miguel Santacreu Soler

2009-12-01

Full Text Available The maritime district of Alicante stood at a distance from the battle fronts during the Spanish Civil War in 1936, and its seaports carried on with their commercial activity regulated by the central Republican government from the beginning of the conflict until its end. In fact, the war ended at Alicante’s seaport on 1 April 1939. This circumstance makes Alicante’s Customs an exceptional place to observe and verify the internal consequences of the foreign trade policy carried out by the central Republican government during the Civil War. In this article, by means of the historical documents from Alicante’s Customs, we analyse the Republican foreign trade legislation and its impact on exporters and importers during the war years. | El distrito marítimo de Alicante se mantuvo alejado de los frentes de batalla durante toda la Guerra Civil española de 1936 y sus puertos marítimos tuvieron una actividad mercante continuada, que estuvo regulada por el sistema administrativo del gobierno central de la República desde los inicios del conflicto hasta el final. De hecho, la guerra terminó en el puerto de Alicante el 1 de abril de 1939. Esta circunstancia convierte a la Aduana de Alicante en un espacio privilegiado para observar y verificar las consecuencias internas de la política comercial exterior del gobierno central republicano durante la guerra. En este artículo, se hace un análisis legislativo de la política comercial exterior republicana de guerra y de su repercusión sobre los exportadores e importadores a través de la documentación histórica de la Aduana Principal de Alicante.

Zoological results of the Dutch New Guinea expedition, 1939. No. 51) The Birds

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Junge, G.C.A.

1953-01-01

The present paper is the report on a collection of birds brought together during the expedition of the "Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap" to the Wissel Lake area in 1939. The zoologist of this expedition Prof. Dr. H. Boschma collected with the assistance of two mantris of the

Análisis de la narrativa infantil escrita por mujeres (1920-1939

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisca Sánchez-Pinilla

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Nuestro trabajo aborda el estudio de un corpus de cuentos infantiles publicados por mujeres en la prensa nacional de adultos entre 1920 y 1939. Son sus objetivos: hacer visible esa producción; analizar las diferentes propuestas estéticas e ideológicas formalizadas en esta escritura y reinsertar esta producción artística en el sistema literario en el que se produjo, ya que nace dentro de éste y son las circunstancias históricas posteriores las que lo aíslan y lo convierten en una escritura menor. La visibilización de la escritura femenina infantil para niños se constituye en tres fases: autoras que publican en el último tercio del siglo XIX; autoras que publican entre 1900 y 1920 y autoras que escriben entre 1920 y 1939. Los ámbitos para los que estas mujeres producen son el escolar, el familiar, el asociativo, el editorial, la ilustración gráfica, y la prensa escrita.

Trends in obstetric radiography, 1939-81

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gilman, E.A.; Stewart, A.M.; Knox, E.G.; Kneale, G.W.

1989-01-01

Trends in obstetric radiography in Britian between 1939 and 1981 are reported. During this period the number of films needed to complete each examination decreased. The timing of x-rays also changed towards late pregnancy, and there was virtual elimination of all first trimester exposures following the introduction of the '10-day rule' in 1972. After the introduction of ultrasound, x-rays for twins decreased, x-rays for breech presentations remained unchanged and x-rays for foetal maturity increased. Despite repeated demonstrations of the cancer risk, the proportion of exposed infants was higher in 1970-81 (14%) than in 1960-9 (11%) or 1950-9 (12%). There were fewer x-rays in 1976-81 (12%) than in 1970-5 (15%), but it is possible that withdrawal of the '10-day rule' in 1985 will reverse this trend. (author)

[Von den Restgütern zu den Sowchosen in Estland 1939-1953. Dokumentensammlung] / Olev Liivik

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Liivik, Olev, 1975-

2011-01-01

Arvustus: Von den Restgütern zu den Sowchosen in Estland 1939-1953 : Dokumentensammlung / Hrsg. von David Feest, Karsten Brüggemann. Berlin : Lit Verlag, 2010. (Schriften der Baltischen historischen Kommission ; Bd. 15)

49 CFR 1242.30 - Dismantling retired road property and depreciation (accounts XX-17-39, XX-18-39, XX-19-39, 62-17...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 9 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Dismantling retired road property and depreciation (accounts XX-17-39, XX-18-39, XX-19-39, 62-17-00, 62-18-00, and 62-19-00). 1242.30 Section 1242.30....30 Dismantling retired road property and depreciation (accounts XX-17-39, XX-18-39, XX-19-39, 62-17...

ZDRAVSTVENO-PROSVJETNE PUBLIKACIJE (1872.–1938.) – ANALIZA SADRŽAJA APLIKACIJOM SPAD-T

OpenAIRE

DUGAC, Željko; KERN, Josipa; MAJDANČIĆ, Željko

2005-01-01

U radu se prikazuje kratak pregled zdravstveno-prosvjetnih publikacija pisanih hrvatskim jezikom te se na uzorku od 12 izabranih zdravstveno-prosvjetnih djela objavljenih od 1872. do 1938. godine provodi kvalitativna i kvantitativna analiza računalnom aplikacijom SPAD-T. Navedena analiza provedena je s ciljem da se utvrdi pogodnost povijesnoga materijala za obradbu suvremenim računalnim programom te ustanovi koje su riječi, sintagme i veće skupine riječi najfrekventnij...

The Permotriassic branchiosaurid Tungussogyrinus Efremov, 1939 (Temnospondyli, Dissorophoidea from Siberia restudied

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R. Werneburg

2009-08-01

Full Text Available The enigmatic temnospondyl amphibian Tungussogyrinus bergi Efremov, 1939 shares clear synapomorphies with other branchiosaurids indicated by an anteriorly elongated infratemporal fossa and small branchial denticles. Therefore Tungussogyrinus clearly belongs to the dissorophoid family Branchiosauridae. This species is characterized by a number of derived features among temnospondyls: (1 an unusually elongated anterodorsal process of the ilium; (2 the character complex concerning the tricuspid dentition. Tungussogyrinus differs from all other branchiosaurids in these two autapomorphic characters. Herein, Tungussogyrinus is thought to represent the closest relative of a clade including all other branchiosaurids with its placement outside of this clade associated with a new feeding strategy to scrape algae with the tricuspid anterior dentition and the gracile built snout region. The subfamily Tungussogyrininae Kuhn, 1962 is newly defined here by the two derived characters of Tungussogyrinus bergi. All other branchiosaurid genera and species are included in a second subfamily Branchiosaurinae Fritsch, 1879. doi:10.1002/mmng.200900001

Progonomys Schaub, 1938 and Huerzelerimys gen. nov. (Rodentia) : their evolution in Western Europe

OpenAIRE

Mein, P.; Martín Suárez, E.; Agustí, J.

1993-01-01

In this paper the various species and populations attributed to the genus Progonomys Schaub, 1938 are revised. Valerymys Michaux, 1969 is considered to be synonymous with Occitanomys Michaux, 1969, since the type-species V. ellenbergeri (Thaler, 1966) was included in Occitanomys by Aguilar et al. (1986a). Other species from Western Europe that had been included in Valerymys cannot be transferred to Occitanomys. They are the descendants of Progonomys cathalai, for which we create the new genus...

Did Doubling Reserve Requirements Cause the Recession of 1937-1938? A Microeconomic Approach

OpenAIRE

Charles W. Calomiris; Joseph Mason; David Wheelock

2011-01-01

In 1936-37, the Federal Reserve doubled the reserve requirements imposed on member banks. Ever since, the question of whether the doubling of reserve requirements increased reserve demand and produced a contraction of money and credit, and thereby helped to cause the recession of 1937-1938, has been a matter of controversy. Using microeconomic data to gauge the fundamental reserve demands of Fed member banks, we find that despite being doubled, reserve requirements were not binding on bank re...

Physical education in the franquist scholastic legislation 1938-1970 La Educación física en la legislación escolar franquista 1938-1970

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Rocío PAJARÓN SOTOMAYOR

2013-09-01

Full Text Available This article makes a revision to the Spanish legislation, between 1938 and 1970, refering to the subject of Physical Education. Even though the first law, proclaimed in 1945, shows a clear modern conception, in the end this renovating spirit was limited and the new projects did not get developed neither done. The posterior legislation was more realistic although this meant going back to previous conceptions in which Phisical Education was considered less imortant than other educational aspects. Phisical Education has a strong political content due to its dependency on two institutions, El Frente de Juventudes and Sección Femenina, in charge of the elaboration of the programs and questionnairies.En este artículo se hace un repaso a la legislación española, entre los años 1938 y 1970, referida a la asignatura de Educación Física. Aunque en la primera ley promulgada, la de 1945, se observa una concepción moderna, en la práctica esta voluntad de renovación pedagógica se vio limitada, provocando que los proyectos quedaran sólo sobre papel. La legislación posterior fue más realista aunque esto significó volver a concepciones de épocas anteriores en las que la Educación Física qudaba en un segundo plano en función de otros aspectos educativos. A la asignatura de Educación Física se le une un fuerte contenido político debido a su dependencia de las dos instituciones, El Frente de Juventudes y Sección Femenina, encargadas de la elaboración de los programas y cuestionarios.

Gender, British Administration and Mission Management of Education in Zambia 1900-1939

Science.gov (United States)

Allen, Julia

2010-01-01

This article discusses the impact of including gender in the analytical framework in a study of the management and provision of education in Zambia from 1900 to 1939. It shows that a focus on gender allows females to enter the historical narrative and the leadership of women such as Mabel Shaw, Hannah Frances Davidson and Julia Smith can be given…

Reorganizing for Global War: General Malin Craig and the Triangular Infantry Division, 1935-1939

Science.gov (United States)

2014-05-22

reduced to a battalion and the signal battalion to a company. The assets that were formerly pooled in the square division’s sanitary trains were...BIBLIOGRAPHY “Arms Before Men,” Time. Army and Navy. August 22, 1938. Clay , Lieutenant Colonel (Ret.) Steven E. The Arms: Major Commands and Infantry

Mujer y Anticlericalismo: La Justicia Militar en Marbella 1937–1939

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Lucía Prieto Borrego

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo está basado en los sumarios de trece mujeres vecinas del municipio de Marbella, sometidas a juicio entre 1937 y 1939. Las mujeres procesadas por la Justicia Militar tienen como acusación común la participación en cualquiera de las modalidades de la violencia anticlerical durante la guerra civil en Marbella. La atribución de conductas anticlericales e iconoclastas a mujeres conocidas por su participación en actividades de naturaleza sociopolítica fue utilizada para justificar una represión que penalizaba la trasgresión de lo que se consideraba la condición femenina._______________________ABSTRACT:This article is based on the summaries of thirteen neighboring women of the municipality of Marbella, submitted to judgment between 1937 and 1939. The women tried by the Military Justice take the participation as a common accusation in any of the modalities of the anticlerical violence during the civil war in Marbella. The attribution of anticlerical conduct and iconoclast to women known by his participation in activities of nature socio-political were used for to justify a repression that was penalizing the transgression of what it was considered to be the feminine condition.

SHARP : I. A high-resolution multiband view of the infrared Einstein ring of JVAS B1938+666

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lagattuta, D. J.; Vegetti, S.; Fassnacht, C. D.; Auger, M. W.; Koopmans, L. V. E.; McKean, J. P.

We present new mass models for the gravitational lens system B1938+666, using multiwavelength data acquired from Keck adaptive optics (AO) and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations. These models are the first results from the Strong lensing at High Angular Resolution Program (SHARP), a project

77 FR 4498 - Rules and Regulations Under the Wool Products Labeling Act of 1939

Science.gov (United States)

2012-01-30

... achieve their intended purpose without unduly burdening commerce. As part of this systematic review, the Commission requests public comment on the overall costs, benefits, necessity, and regulatory and economic..., and on the costs and benefits of certain provisions of the Wool Products Labeling Act of 1939. DATES...

Britain and atomic energy 1939-1945. References to official papers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gowing, M.

1980-01-01

This booklet contains a list of references which were not published in Britain and Atomic Energy 1939-1945 because they related to papers still closed under the Public Records Acts. Some of these records have since been transferred to the Public Record Office and opened to the public after review by departments and the UKAEA. This list cannot distinguish between papers open in the Public Record Office and those still closed in departmental archives. However, as much information as possible is given to assist searchers. (U.K.)

Üks õnneliku lõpuga eksirännak : 1939. aasta eesti muusika salvestised taas Eestis / Ilvi Rauna

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Rauna, Ilvi

2008-01-01

Taani Kuningriigi kingitusest Eestile - 151 heliplaatide metallist originaalmatriisi Riigi Ringhäälingus 1939. aastal salvestatud Eesti muusikaga. Eelloost, helisalvestamise ettevalmistamisest 1937. aastast, finantseerimisest, salvesatud teostest, matritside saatusest

ANOTACIONES AL BALONMANO EN EL CONTEXTO HISTÓRICO DEL DEPORTE EN ESPAÑA (1900-1939[Annotations to handball in the historical context of sport in Spain (1900-1939

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xavier Torrebadella-Flix

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Para abordar los orígenes del balonmano en España, el estudio de nuevas fuentes documentales históricas, nos permiten tratar el estado de la cuestión y describir o reinterpretar los acontecimientos hasta la fecha conocidos. El balonmano fue introducido a través de los Exploradores de España, la Escuela Central de Gimnasia y, principalmente, por el deporte femenino en la universidad de Madrid durante la II República. Las noticias que aquí se presentan contribuyen a construir la historia del balonmano en la coyuntura social del deporte en España entre 1900 a 1939.AbstractTo address the origins of handball in Spain, studying new historical documentary sources allows us to state the question and describe or reinterpret events so far known. The handball was introduced through the Explorers from Spain, Central School of Gymnastics and mainly by women's sports at the University of Madrid during the Second Republic. The news presented here helps build the history of handball in the social situation of sport in Spain from 1900 to 1939.Keywords: history of handball, sport and feminism, Second Republic in Spain, school sports, Central School of Gymnastics, Boy-Scouts

75 years ago. The discovery of nuclear fission during the neutron irradiation of uranium on 17 December 1938 in Berlin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kuczera, Bernhard

2013-01-01

A ground-breaking, scientific discovery made in the Berlin experiments of the year 1938 on neutron irradiation of uranium, was that atom nuclei can be fissured and, during the fission energy, so-called nuclear energy, is released. If further U-235 atoms are in the immediate vicinity, the released neutrons can trigger a chain reaction of the nuclear fission. The story of this ground-breaking discovery that led to the worldwide civil utilisation of nuclear energy is outlined here. The discovery of neutrons and their implementation in radiation experiments occurred in the 1930s. The research work followed the model of the Stockholm citizen Niels Bohr on the configuration of an atom. In 1930, Walther Bothe reported on the occurrence of a high-energy radiation when beryllium was irradiated with alpha-particles. James Chadwick could prove experimentally in 1932 that this is a current of high-energy, electrically neutral particles. He called these particles neutrons. In Berlin, the radio-chemist Otto Hahn is the Director at the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institute for Chemistry and head of the chemical-radioactive department. In the years 1935 to 1938, the radiation experiments of uranium with neutrons were at the centre of the research in Berlin. In October 1938, Hahn and Strassmann responded with their own experiments to the scientific challenge of Irene Curie and Paul Savitch of 3.5-hours of activity when uranium was radiated with neutrons. The decisive discovery for the neutron radiation of uranium was made by Hahn and Strassmann on 17 December 1938. From the results of different experiments, they conclude: 'Our radium isotopes have the properties of barium.' On 19 December, Hahn informs Lise Meitner and speaking on the issue of 'Where does the barium come from?' addresses a possible 'bursting' of the uranium nucleus. That is Hahn's 'Heureka.' moment: He recognises that the neutron radiation does not only effect radiochemical transformations, but can also cause the uranium

Válečná propaganda v Německu a na okupovaných územích v letech 1939-1945

OpenAIRE

Bělík, Tadeáš

2013-01-01

The topic of this thesis is a German war propaganda during the Second World War, that is from 1st of September 1939 to May 1945, when the Nazi regime was defeated by allied troops. The work is composed of several parts - the definition of propaganda, its brief historical development to 20th century and the advent of modern propaganda and Nazi propaganda until 1939 (with focus on turning points), the propaganda before the war and in its early years and propaganda appearance after defeat became...

El paro estudiantil de mayo de 1938

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Orlando Moreno Martínez

2009-07-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo tiene como propósito analizar los sucesos ocurridos en la ciudad de Bogotá durante el paro estudiantil de mayo de 1938, programado para oponerse a algunas medidas de modernización y secularización educativa impuestas por el gobierno liberal del presidente Alfonso López Pumarejo. Específicamente, los estudiantes se levantaron contra el examen de revisión que se aplicaba al terminar la secundaria y el curso preparatorio que era un requisito para poder ingresar a la universidad. El escrito aborda la problemática suscitada por la reforma educativa, el desencadenamiento de la protesta estudiantil, las acciones desarrolladas por los estudiantes en la capital de la República, el impacto del movimiento en otras partes del país y las tendencias ideológicas que apoyaron el paro de estudiantes. A propósito de este último punto, si bien fue evidente el respaldo de la oposición conservadora, muchos estudiantes universitarios y de secundaria lucharon con convicción por lo que consideraron en su momento una arbitrariedad por parte del gobierno liberal.

Frontier nurse-midwives and antepartum emergencies, 1925 to 1939.

Science.gov (United States)

Schminkey, Donna L; Keeling, Arlene W

2015-01-01

This article examines how the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS) utilized nurse-midwives to respond to antepartum emergencies such as preterm birth, eclampsia, malpresentation, and hemorrhage in the women of Appalachia in the years 1925 to 1939. Particular attention is given to the preparation that nurse-midwives received during their midwifery education to prevent and respond to emergencies. Using traditional historical research methods and primary source material from the FNS papers in the Special Collections, University of Kentucky Libraries, Lexington, Kentucky, this article describes the nurse-midwives' experiences and how they implemented skills they had learned during their training in Great Britain. Working in the isolated mountainous area of Leslie County, Kentucky-for the most part without direct assistance from physicians-FNS nurse-midwives decreased maternal and neonatal mortality rates. During their first 2000 births, they had only 2 maternal deaths, whereas the national average maternal mortality rate was approximately 7 deaths per 1000 births. The nurse-midwives performed external cephalic versions on a routine basis. For pregnancy and birth emergencies, they administered sedation, gave general anesthesia, and performed invasive lifesaving techniques in order to protect the lives of the women in their care. During these 14 years, their cross-cultural engagement, assessment skills, clinical judgment, and timely interventions improved maternal and child health throughout the region. © 2015 by the American College of Nurse-Midwives.

Making Socialists: Mary Bridges Adams and the Fight for Knowledge and Power, 1855-1939

Science.gov (United States)

Weiler, Kathleen

2012-01-01

This article presents a review of "Making socialists: Mary Bridges Adams and the fight for knowledge and power, 1855-1939," by Jane Martin. Jane Martin has explored the history of late-nineteenth-century and early-twentieth century-British women educational activists in numerous publications over the past two decades. Her first book,…

From nuclear fission to nuclear energy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pocock, R.F.

1988-01-01

Otto Hahn, a German chemist, demonstrated the fission of the uranium nucleus in December 1938. Ten months later, basic physical theory had been modified to account for this phenomenon. It is suggested here that this great advance in radio-chemistry and physics was influenced considerably by political considerations. By the outbreak of the European War in September 1939, all the major scientific principles involved in the production of atomic weapons were well-known and were available in all industrial countries. (author)

"Is This a Boy or a Girl?": Rethinking Sex-Role Representation in Caldecott Medal-Winning Picturebooks, 1938-2011

Science.gov (United States)

Crisp, Thomas; Hiller, Brittany

2011-01-01

A number of previous studies have addressed gender role-stereotyping in Caldecott Award-winning picturebooks. Building upon the extensive scholarship examining representations of females in Caldecott books, this current study offers a critical investigation of how gender is represented in Caldecott Medal-winning literature from 1938 to 2011 by…

Social perspective: the missing element in mental health practice

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

U'Ren, Richard C

2011-01-01

.... ________________________________________________________________ Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication U'Ren, Richard, 1939- Social perspective : the missing element in mental health practice / Richard U'Ren...

Transkonfessionalisme, konstruktivisme en Karel Schoeman (1939–2017 oor die Kaapse piëtisme

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Andries W.G. Raath

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Transconfessionalism, constructivism and Karel Schoeman (1939–2017 on Cape pietism. The South African historiographer Karel Schoeman’s (1939–2017 research on 17th and 18thcentury ecclesiastical life and Protestant spirituality at the Cape is embedded in the context of transconfessional and transnational pietism research. As such, Schoeman’s transconfessional approach produces important correctives to traditional constructivist pietism approaches. Schoeman’s approach enables him to study Cape Protestant spirituality of the 17th and 18th centuries within the context of pietism being the most significant devotional movement (Frommigkeitsbewegung of Protestantism after the Reformation, manifesting pietism primarily as a religious phenomenon with astonishing spatial, temporal, social, spiritual, churchconfessional and theological complexities that arose around the turn of the 16th to the 17th century from criticism of the existing ecclesiastical and spiritual relations at nearly the same time in England, the Netherlands and Germany. From there it spread to Switzerland, Scandinavia, Eastern Europe and the United States. It contributed to a great extent to the worldwide Protestant mission and has remained an active movement into the present.

Dias de luta: traços do cotidiano em Aracajú (1939-1945

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Dilton Cândido Santos Maynard

2009-01-01

Full Text Available This article examines aspects of daily life in Aracaju during War II (1939-1945. The research investigates the changes produced by new hygiene products, the promotion of eugenic policies by the Estado Novo, the influence of cinema in interpretations of the reason and those involved in war as well as the various appropriations made by the city’s population in the period.

[Eugène-Humbert Guitard and French Institute of History of Science (1932-1939)].

Science.gov (United States)

Lefebvre, Thierry

2015-01-01

Named "membre-conseil" of the French Institute of History of Science in April 1932, Guitard gives there, from January 1935 to February 1939, a dozen history of pharmacy conferences. Those conferences will give birth to her especially valuable Manuel d'histoire de la littérature pharmaceutique, published in 1942 by Caffin. The author re-examines this intellectual adventure.

Letter to Dimitrie Gusti (21.10.1938

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ŞTEFANIA CRISTESCU

2013-07-01

Full Text Available This section contains two important documents here published for the first time. The first is the text of a paper presented by St.C.-G. in 1939 at the Romanian Institute for Social Research and meant to accompany 12 sociological maps on the practices and interdictions concerning confined women in 35 villages of Țara Oltului (Olt county. This paper will allow us to reconstruct the lost maps in the near future. The second document consists of three completed forms of the social inquiry conducted by Șt. C.-G. concerning the everyday lives of students in an industrial College of Bucharest during World War II. The Report prepared by D. Gusti in view of awarding the Vernescu Academy prize to Șt. C.-G. for her book The Household in the Beliefs and Magic Rituals of the Women of Drăguș (Făgăraș, an activity report by Șt. C. and two letters (one by D. Gusti and the other by a former student teaching in her turn complete the picture of Șt. C.-G. at a professional and a personal level.

An Evaluation of The Decisions Taken About Psychological Counseling and Guidance in the Turkish National Education Councils (1939-2010

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Fulya YÜKSEL-ŞAHİN

2012-05-01

Full Text Available The Purpose of the ResearchNumerous decisions regarding the psychological counseling and guidance (PCG services were taken during the Turkish National Education Councils (TNE Council, which convened eighteen times between 1939 and 2010. The present study evaluates the decisions made about the PCG services addressed in the TNE Councils held between 1939 and 2010. MethodThe study employed the case study design among qualitative research designs. Case study is an empirical research method that studies a contemporary phenomenon in its own real-life circumstances and makes a multidirectional, systematic, and in-depth examination of cases (Büyüköztürk, Kılıç-Çakmak, Akgün, Karadeniz ve Demirel, 2009. The study universe consists of the Turkish National Education Councils held between 1939 and 2010. No sampling was performed since the entire universe was available. The study employed the embedded singlecase design (type 2 among the case study designs. Written document analysis was used as the data collection method and the obtained data were analyzed through descriptive analysis. Furthermore, the data obtained from the documents are also presented in quantitative form. For this purpose, the “yes or no method” and the “covered area method” were used and frequency and percentage distributions are provided.

Experiencias de urbanismo: los proyectos urbanos de Hannes Meyer en México (1938-1949)

OpenAIRE

Raquel Franklin Unkind

2013-01-01

Hannes Meyer arrived in Mexico in 1938 to take part in the XVIth International Housing and Town Planning Congress. One year later he founded the Institute for Urban Development and Planning and stayed in Mexico for the next ten years undertaking various urban projects such as the Lomas de Becerra Apartment Block, the Corpus Christi block, and the Agua Hedionda beach resort. Each one of these is the result of a dialectic process with his previous phases of work in which it is possible to see e...

The role of chemistry in the history of radioactivity (1897-1939)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adloff, J.P.

1997-01-01

Chemical research on radioactivity started in 1898. That year, Pierre and Marie Curie discovered in pitchblende polonium and radium. Rutherford and Soddy showed that radioactivity is an atomic phenomenon accompanied by transmutation of elements and established the basic laws of radioactive changes. The existence of isotopes was postulated after the discovery of many radioactive substances. Major discoveries in nuclear science, i.e. the atomic nucleus, the neutron and artificial radioactivity, were made with radiation sources elaborated bu chemists. Finally, in 1939, radiochemists on the search for transuranium elements, discovered nuclear fission. (authors)

“Speaking in the Unknown Tongue, Holiness Church, Jackson, 1939”

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Diana Almeida

2010-02-01

Full Text Available “Speaking in the Unknown Tongue, Holiness Church, Jackson, 1939, ” Photographs, p. 104, with the gracious permission of the Eudora Welty FoundationDear Welty,Writing by the fireplace, I see you standing with the camerathe eye of the eye of the eyein awe and wonder,a guest in Holiness Churchwatching: the painted horse “The Lord on the Cloud” in the centera white mass moving through mountainslines upon valleys, there goes the Lord ridingoh yes, rise your heart to God in praise, sisterspeaking i...

[Anja Wilhelmi. Lebensweltlen von Frauen der deutschen Oberschicht im Baltikum (1800-1939). Eine Untersuchung anhand von Autobiographien] / Alexander Ewig

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ewig, Alexander, 1980-

2011-01-01

Arvustus: Wilhelmi, Anja. Lebenswelten von Frauen der deutschen Oberschicht im Baltikum (1800-1939). Eine Untersuchung anhand von Autobiographien. (Veröffentlichungen des Nordost-Instituts, 10.) (Wiesbaden : HArrassowitz 2008)

How Were the Pupils Dressed in a Country Village in Northern Finland in 1909-1939?

Science.gov (United States)

Heikkila, Anitta; Maatta, Kaarina

2012-01-01

In this article, we analyse schoolchildren's clothing at the village school of Rautiosaari in northern Finland between 1909 and 1939. Accordingly, we describe the kind of clothes that schoolgirls and schoolboys used during the target period. Interviews with elderly people were used as sources for the study. The research had a micro-historical…

Kelio pradžia – tarpukario Vilniuje: 95-osios Albino Žukausko gimimo metinės

OpenAIRE

Lapinskienė, Alma

2007-01-01

The article is dedicated to commemoration of the 95th anniversary of birth of writer Albinas Žukauskas. Albinas Žukauskas was born in 1912 in Bubeliai village of Seinai district. He started writing poetry at an early age, read a lot and studied self-sufficiently. In 1935 he graduated from Vytautas Magnus Gymnasium, in 1937--1939 he studied at a higher educational institution for journalists in Warsaw. Already his first collection of poetry "Laikai ir Žmonės" (1938) revealed the strong and pec...

ATATÜRK and TURKEY FROM AN ENGLISH DIPLOMAT’S VIEW (1933-1939 / BIR INGILIZ DIPLOMATIN GÖZÜYLE ATATÜRK ve TÜRKIYE (1933–1939

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Dr. Esra SARIKOYUNCU DEĞERLI

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Sir Percy Loraine was an assignment to the Embassy inAnkara, with the rank of Ambassador, which he took up at the end of1933. His mission lasted till May 1939. Mentioned diplomat, duringhis mission carefully observed internal and external events of Turkeyand informed the Foreign Ministry of United Kingdom and thuscontrıbuted to the development of Turkısh and England Relatıons.Healso had good relations with Mustafa Kemal Atatürk who founder of the Turkish Republic and its first president. He filled with admirationfor Atatürk’s personality and his Turkish Revolution. As a one of theEnglish diplomat Loraine, continued to do various speeches andwriting articles about Atatürk and Turkish Republic, after his missionended in Ankara. Loraine, has been opposite of the various accusationagainst Atatürk, especially “dictatorship” and “anti-religion” issues.Because of this, he made a lot of correspond with statesman andauthor also with some formal association about Atatürk.In our study, Sir Percy Loraine’s autobiography and hisopinion about Atatürk and Turkey will be expressed to take advantageof English archives documents.

Exegi Monumentum: La Belgique Judiciaire (1842-1939

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Sebastiaan Vandenbogaerde

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Founded at the end of 1842, La Belgique Judiciaire lasted until 1939 and therefore was the first successful legal periodical in Belgium. Twelve years after Belgium’s independence and despite the constitutional pledge to change them as soon as possible, the Napoleonic codes were still in force. This situation was discussed in the Brussels courts where four young liberal attorneys decided to publish a new periodical providing articles in which every jurist could offer a solution for the juridical inertion. The legal practitioner also benefited from this initiative: the most important Belgian case law was published, even from the lower courts which was at that time a novelty. Next to that, interesting news about the legal world had a place in the magazine. The changes in legislation combined with a lack of renewal in the rigid editorial board and the possibility to buy alternative publications, led almost inevitably to the end of the review, a monument in the Belgian legal world.

How do extreme streamflow due to hurricane IRMA compare during 1938-2017 in South Eastern US?

Science.gov (United States)

Anandhi, A.

2017-12-01

The question related to Irma, Harvey, Maria, and other hurricanes is: are hurricane more frequent and intense than they have been in the past. Recent hurricanes were unusually strong hitting the US Coastline or territories as a category 4 or 5, dropping unusually large amounts of precipitation on the affected areas creating extreme high-flow events in rivers and streams in affected areas. The objective of the study is to determine how extreme are streamflows from recent hurricanes (e.g. IRMA) when compared to streamflow's during 1938-2017 time-period. Additionally, in this study, the extreme precipitations are also compared during IRMA. Extreme high flows are selected from Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA). They are distributions, timing, duration, frequency, magnitude, pulses, and days of extreme events in rivers of the southeastern United States and Gulf of Mexico Hydrologic Region—03. Streamflow data from 30 stations in the region with at least 79 years of record (1938-2017) are used. Historical precipitation changes is obtained from meta-analysis of published literature. Our preliminary results indicate the extremeness of streamflow from recent hurricanes vary with the IHA indicator selected. Some potential implications of these extreme events on the region's ecosystem are also discussed using causal chains and loops.

The scientific contributions of British Plastic Surgeons to the Revue de Chirurgie Plastique and the Revue de Chirurgie Structive, Brussels (1931-1938).

Science.gov (United States)

Vrebos, J

2001-01-01

In 1931, Maurice Coelst, M.D. from Brussels started the publication of the first international journal of plastic surgery ever published: the Revue de Chirurgie Plastique (1931-1934), which eventually became the Revue de Chirurgie Structive (1935-1938). In 1936, he established the first European Society of Structive Surgery, which held its first congress in Brussels. Further congresses were held in London in 1937 and in Milan in 1938. It is the collaboration and the participation of British plastic surgeons in this Society, this journal, and these meetings that I want to stress, because I am firmly convinced that these documents fill a gap in the history of Plastic Surgery in Great Britain, since--as far as I know--no detailed information concerning this period was ever published in Plastic Surgery literature.

[Evolution of the relative prices of food groups between 1939 and 2010 in the city of Sao Paulo, Southeastern Brazil].

Science.gov (United States)

Yuba, Tania Yuka; Sarti, Flavia Mori; Campino, Antonio Carlos Coelho; Carmo, Heron Carlos Esvael do

2013-06-01

To analyze the evolution of relative prices of food groups and its influence on public healthy eating policies. Data from the municipality of Sao Paulo between 1939 and 2010 were analyzed based on calculating index numbers. Data from the Economic Researches Foundation Institute price database and weight structures (1939 to 1988) and from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (1989 to 2010) were used to. The price database was organized, its consistency tested and prices were deflated using the consumer price index. Relative prices were calculated and associated to food categories and groups, according to the food pyramid guide adapted for the Brazilian population. The price indices for each group were calculated according to Laspeyres modified formula. The general food price index was compared with the indices for each food group and respective category: fresh food, processed food, beverages, meat, legumes, milk and eggs, cereals and root vegetables and eating out. Price indices for fat, oil, spices, sugars and sweets and processed food showed relative price reduction. Fresh food, such as fruit and vegetables, showed an increase in relative prices. Other food groups, such as cereals, flour and pasta, meat, milk and egg, showed a steadier long term trend in relative prices. The evolution of relative prices of food in the city of Sao Paulo demonstrates a negative trend towards healthy eating at household level in the long run.

La guerra civil española en las revistas literarias y culturales belgas y holandesas (1936-1939)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Adriaensen, B.Y.A.; Rymenants, K.; Vandenbosch, D.; Van Nuijs, L.

2010-01-01

Aan de hand van een analyse van de voornaamste culturele tijdschriften uit de jaren 1936-1939, wordt in dit artikel de impact van de Spaanse burgeroorlog op de Belgische (Franstalige en Nederlandstalige) en de Nederlandse literaire wereld onderzocht. In het eerste deel bestuderen Dagmar Vandebosch

Government and Public Reaction in Estonia to Soviet Pressure and the Events of September-December 1939 / Magnus Ilmjärv

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ilmjärv, Magnus, 1961-

2013-01-01

Valitsuse ja avalikkuse reageeringutest NSV Liidu survele 1939. Molotovi-Ribbentropi Paktist. Eesti Vabariigi ja NSV Liidu vahelise vastastikuse abistamise paktist ehk nn baaside lepingust. Alternatiivsete arengute võimalikkusest

Lección clínica ortopédica

OpenAIRE

Leiva Pereira, Lisandro

2011-01-01

Historia Clínica N° 14247Servicio de Ortopedia y Cirugía de Urgencia.Sala de Mujeres.Lección clínica dictada por el Profesor L. Leyva Pereira el 23 dejunio de 1.939. (Version taquigráfica de la señorita Sara Elvia Calderón, mecano-tuquígrafa de dicha Clínica)."Nombre de la enferma : Leonor Peña.Edad: 60 afios.Estado civil: Viuda.Entró al servicio el 28 de diciembre de 1938.Antecedentes personales y hereditarios : Sin importancia.

Fondements du discours propagandiste arabe de la Grande-Bretagne au Maghreb pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale (1939-1943 The Foundations of British Arabic Propaganda Speech in North Africa during World War II (1939-1943

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Fayçal Cherif

2009-06-01

Full Text Available The Second World War’s ramifications and the landing of the Anglo-Americans in North Africa (Torch brought out the antagonism between the powers of the Axis and the Allies. Apart from the military war, a second war including more horrible and complex elements than weapons had been declared by the different rival camps: the propaganda in the Arabic language initiated at the beginning by Germany and Italy and soon developed by Great Britain too (from 1939. It was an efficient and fearsome weapon to control the spirit of the Arab people’s opinion in general, especially that of the Maghrebians, who were often hostile to the British and French colonial policies in their regions. Certainly, radio programmes were preponderant as they were easily accessible but newspapers and leaflets were also used a lot in this psychological war. The subtleties and the impact of this British propaganda will be the subject of research. This article explains the mechanism, the structures, the aims and finally the impact of British propaganda in the Arabic language in North Africa between September 1939 and May 1943.

Changes in the forest landscape of the Charles C. Deam wilderness, Southern Indiana, 1939-1990

Science.gov (United States)

MIchael A. Jenkins; George R. Parker

2000-01-01

We used aerial photographs from 1939, 1974, and 1990 to examine how land cover has changed on the 5,286-ha Charles C. Deam Wilderness of Hoosier National Forest over this time span. Digital elevation models were used to examine changes in land-cover class (closed-canopy forest, open forest, agriculture/old-field, clearcut, and pine plantation) within each land type (...

The Changing Limits and Incidence of Malaria in Africa: 1939–2009

Science.gov (United States)

Snow, Robert W.; Amratia, Punam; Kabaria, Caroline W.; Noor, Abdisalan M.; Marsh, Kevin

2012-01-01

Understanding the historical, temporal changes of malaria risk following control efforts in Africa provides a unique insight into what has been and might be archived towards a long-term ambition of elimination on the continent. Here, we use archived published and unpublished material combined with biological constraints on transmission accompanied by a narrative on malaria control to document the changing incidence of malaria in Africa since earliest reports pre-second World War. One result is a more informed mapped definition of the changing margins of transmission in 1939, 1959, 1979, 1999 and 2009. PMID:22520443

Travelling Careers: Overseas Migration Patterns in the Professional Lives of Women Attending Girton and Newnham before 1939

Science.gov (United States)

Goodman, Joyce; Jacobs, Andrea; Kisby, Fiona; Loader, Helen

2011-01-01

This paper explores the migration patterns of women who studied at Girton and Newnham prior to 1939 through whom dissemination of knowledge and values flowed from Cambridge overseas. It also considers organisations that fostered women's mobility in empire, particularly the Colonial Intelligence League for Educated Women and the International…

Liquidation of the Belarusian Renovationist Church in 1934–1938

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Baranenko Viktor

2017-04-01

Full Text Available This paper examines the process of liquidation in 1934-1938 of the Belarusian Renovationist Church as a religious community having its hierarchical and organisational structure. The study is based on a complex of legal archival documents. The aim of the paper is to describe the activity of renovationist institutions in the territory of the BSSR in the absence of a collective form of government of the Russian Orthodox (Renovationist Church during the period of “independent clerical government”. The paper also gives statistics on the clergy and Orthodox ecclesiastical institutions of the BSSR in the 2nd half of the 1930s. It also discusses forms of adaptation of Orthodox clergy to prohibitions and limitations imposed by the state during the period of the “Great Purge”. The main conclusion of the paper is that the reason for the disappearance of Church Renovationism in the BSSR was the oppressive politics of the Soviet government against the Belarusian Renovationist Church fi gures.

Loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758 (Testudines, Cheloniidae, as a new host of Monticellius indicum Mehra, 1939 (Digenea: Spirorchiidae and associated lesiond to spirorchiid eggs

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Werneck M. R.

2017-12-01

Full Text Available The present note describes the occurrence of Monticellius indicum Mehra, 1939 (Digenea: Spirorchiidae in an adult loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758, found on the coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Pathological changes due to spirorchiid eggs (type 1 and 3 were found in gastrointestinal system, endocrine system, and heart. This parasite has previously been described in the green turtle, Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758, from Pakistan, Brazil and Costa Rica as well as in the hawksbill sea turtle, Eretmochelys imbricata (Linnaeus, 1766, in Brazil. This note reports the loggerhead turtle as a new host for M. indicum.

Analýza hospodářsko-politických vztahů Německa a Sovětského svazu v letech 1939-1941

OpenAIRE

Fabianková, Klára

2007-01-01

This dissertation deals with German-Soviet economic and political relations from 1939 to 1941. These were forms of totalitarian regimes whose cooperation was not suspended though its own dynamics were influenced by ideological, economic, and political conditions. One of the motives for the intensification of German-Soviet cooperation was Germany's attempt to secure self-sufficiency in the development of raw materials. The German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact of August 23rd, 1939 was a calculated ...

Twee afdelings van een fakulteit 1934−1940

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J.P. Oberholzer

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Die Universiteit benoem op voordrag van die Nederduitsch Hervormde of Gereformeerde Kerk vir dominee G.M. Pellisier in die pos Godsdienswetenskap wat deur die bedanking van professor Macmillan vakant gelaat is. Dit word die begin van ‘n ontwikkeling van twee feitlik selfstandige afdelings binne die Fakulteit Teologie. Die toetrede van H.P. Wolmarans as vierde dosent vanweë die Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk bring nuwe teologiese aksente. Die verhouding tussen die Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk en die Universiteit kry beslag in ‘n skriftelike kontrak. In 1937 word dit gevolg deur ‘n tweede kontrak waarin die ruimte geskep word vir die bestaan van twee fakulteitsafdelings. Vanaf 1938 funksioneer die twee afdelings naas mekaar met gelykluidende kontrakte. Hierdie kroniek volg dan verder die gang van Afdeling A, die afdeling beman deur ampsdraers van die Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk. Die benoeming as lektore van A. van Selms in 1938 en C.H. Rautenbach in 1939 verhoog die akademiese kwaliteit van die afdeling verder.

The second species of Phanoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from China, P. hainana sp. nov., from Hainan Island.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Weihai; Qin, Xuefeng

2016-09-08

The genus Phanoperla Banks was originally established as a subgenus of Neoperla and its genus delimitation was not fully clear until the revisionary work by Zwick (1982). It currently contains 49 known species from the Oriental region (Banks 1938, 1939, Cao & Bae 2009, Cao et al. 2007, DeWalt et al. 2016, Jewett 1975, Kawai 1968, Stark 1983, 1987, Stark & Sheldon 2009, Sivec & Stark 2010, 2011, Stark & Sivec 2007, Sivec et al. 1988, Zwick 1982, Zwick 1986, Zwick & Sivec 1985). Although species of Phanoperla are not rare in many areas of Southeast Asia bordering China, especially Vietnam and India (Cao & Bae 2009, Mason & Stark 2015), P. pallipennis Banks, 1938 is the only known species of the genus known from China. In this paper, we describe a new species of Phanoperla from Hainan Island of the southernmost province of China. The northern portion of the island has a humid subtropical climate, whereas the remainder of the island has tropical monsoon climate.

Justifying British Advertising in War and Austerity, 1939-51.

Science.gov (United States)

Haughton, Philippa

2017-09-01

Drawing together institutional papers, the trade- and national-press, and Mass-Observation documents, this article examines the changing ways that the Advertising Association justified commercial advertising from 1939 to 1951. It argues that the ability to repeatedly re-conceptualize the social and economic purposes of advertising was central to the industry's survival and revival during the years of war and austerity. This matters because the survival and revival of commercial advertising helps to explain the composition of the post-war mixed economy and the emergence of a consumer culture that became the 'golden age' of capitalism. While commercial advertising's role in supporting periods of affluence is well documented, much less is known about its relationship with war and austerity. This omission is problematic. Advertising was only able to shape the 1950s and 1960s economy because its corporate structures remained intact during the 1940s, as the industry withstood the challenges of wartime and the difficulties presented under Attlee's government. Recognizing the deliberate attempts of advertising people to promote a role for commercial advertising invites us to reconsider the inevitability of post-war affluence, while offering fresh insight into the debate around consumer education, freedom of choice, and the centrality of advertising and communication in democratic society: issues central to the society Britain was, and hoped to become. © The Author [2017]. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Modernism and Urban Renewal in Denmark 1939-1983

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thomsen, Kristian Buhl

The Danish slum clearance and urban renewal policy is an example of a state-led urban planning topic, which was introduced in the years around the Second World War. In this paper it is explained how this topic was under a strong influence from modernist urban planning ideals, which reached Denmark...... through a transnational flow of urban planning ideas in the Western world. The paper explains how the topic developed from the adoption of the first Danish Slum Clearance Act in 1939. Furthermore it explains how modernism as the result of another transnational flow of ideas in the 1960s and 1970s was met...... with criticism, which resulted in a new policy and in the adoption of a new Urban Renewal Act in 1983. The paper is placing Denmark in a Northern European context, and it has its main focus on cases from the two biggest cities of Denmark, Copenhagen and Aarhus....

The IPA and the American Psychoanalytic Association: a perspective on the regional association agreement.

Science.gov (United States)

Wallerstein, R S

1998-06-01

Ever since 1938 the American Psychoanalytic Association has had a special autonomous relationship within the IPA accorded to no other component organisation. This Regional Association status has had two main features: (1) total internal control over training standards and membership criteria, with no accountability to the IPA; and (2) an 'exclusive franchise', so that the IPA was barred from recognising any other component within the United States. This unique Regional Association status reflected the resolution at the time (1938) of the long-standing controversy between the IPA and the American over the issue of 'lay analysis', and remained unaltered for half a century until, with the resolution of the 3 1/2-year long law-suit against the American (and secondarily against the IPA) in 1988, the Regional Association agreement was modified (but not totally abrogated) by the American's giving up the 'exclusive franchise' aspect (thus permitting IPA recognition of psychoanalytic groups in the US organised outside the American), but still retaining its internal full control over training and membership. The meanings and consequences for psychoanalysis of this special status of the American are explored.

Rüdiger von der Goltzi ja Ludvig Jakobseni kohtumine 1938. aastal / [eessõna autor Agur Benno] / eessõna autor Benno Agur

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2007-01-01

21. detsembril 1938 kohtusid Berliinis Eesti sõjaväeata̧ee kolonel Ludvig Karl Jakobsen ning riigisakslasest kindral krahv Rüdiger von der Goltz. Kirjalik dokument sellest kohtumisest jõudis kindral Johan Laidonerini, kes lisas sellel oma kommentaari. Arutlusteemaks olid 1919. aasta sündmused. - Lisa: Johann Laidoneri kommentaar

Experiencias de urbanismo: los proyectos urbanos de Hannes Meyer en México (1938-1949

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Raquel Franklin Unkind

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Hannes Meyer arrived in Mexico in 1938 to take part in the XVIth International Housing and Town Planning Congress. One year later he founded the Institute for Urban Development and Planning and stayed in Mexico for the next ten years undertaking various urban projects such as the Lomas de Becerra Apartment Block, the Corpus Christi block, and the Agua Hedionda beach resort. Each one of these is the result of a dialectic process with his previous phases of work in which it is possible to see elements such as his Swiss-German and Soviet ideas. Over this article his emphasis on science will be highlighted.

Chemical, physical, and temperature data from bottle casts in the North Atlantic Ocean from 30 October 1936 to 17 May 1938 (NODC Accession 0000328)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Chemical, physical, and temperature data were collected from the ATLANTIS 1931-9/63 from October 30, 1936 to May 17, 1938. These data were collected using bottle...

O cywilizacyjny awans Polski Roman Dmowski wobec idei modernizacji Polski 1918–1939

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Wojciech Kapica

2014-07-01

Full Text Available For a civilizational development of Poland.  Roman Dmowski in the face of the idea of modernization of Poland 1918–1939The Roman Dmowski’s propositions of modernization of interwar Poland (1918–1939 can not be considered in terms of theories of modernization created after 1945 as a coherent, logic systems. For Dmowski the modern (modernized Poland would be a „efficient” state with capitalist economy, free market and the respect for private property, with reduced social legislation, with developed industry and agriculture, with a strong middle class, with restricted bureaucratic machine; a national state with restricting the rights of national minorities, with low number of Jews, with the limiting the powers of the legislature and a strong executive, with association polishness with catholicism and strong emphasis on the presence of catholic religion in social life. Some ideas of Dmowski were not bad (e.g. save money and reduction of excessively developed bureaucratic machine, the development of industry and agriculture, the fight against speculation, however, the proposals were often too vague or unclear or were remarkably oriented to the free market and for this reason had no chance of implementation and popularity in the atmosphere of the 20s and 30s in interwar Poland (e.g. proposal of reduction excessively developed social legislation, some of proposals were expressly anti-Semitic. Similarly, in the area of the Polish political system and political life Dmowski offered „positive” solutions (recovery and moralisation of Polish political life, raising the niveau of political culture of the Polish political elites and Polish society, strengthening of executive power and „negative” proposals (association polishness with catholicism and his instrumental use, desire to make Poland a national state, desire to move away from the rule of parliamentary, postulate of removing the excess of the Jewish population in Poland. The least

El cine norteamericano durante la Gran Depresión (1929-1939

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Carmen Mainer

2013-04-01

Full Text Available El cine comienza su andadura a finales del siglo XIX como un mero entretenimiento de masas, revelando a un público ávido de novedades las posibilidades del reciente descubrimiento. Será a partir de la Revolución bolchevique de 1917 cuando los organismos de poder descubran la capacidad de la imagen en movimiento como herramienta de propaganda ideológica. Los regímenes comunista y fascista se sirvieron del cine para difundir su doctrina y en la democracia de Estados Unidos, durante el período del New Deal (1933-1939, el cine clásico de Hollywood desempeñará la misma función propagandística, aunque haciendo uso de lenguajes y géneros variados y, con frecuencia, mucho más sofisticados. Es precisamente esta faceta del Séptimo Arte, su uso como agente difusor de ideologías, la que nos interesa y se analiza en el presente artículo.The cinema begins its career in the late nineteenth century as a mere mass entertainment, revealing to an eager audience the possibilities of the new discovery. It was from the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 when the power of the moving image as ideological propaganda tool was discovered by the governments. The communist and fascist regimes used the cinema to spread their doctrines and in the American democracy, during the New Deal period (1933-1939, the classical Hollywood cinema will perform the same propaganda function, but using different languages ​​and genres, and often much more sophisticated. It is this aspect of the cinema, its use as a carier of ideologies, that interests us and analyze this article.

THE BIRTH OF NURSING AT THE INCEPTION OF THE FRANCOISM IN SPAIN (1939-1942

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María del Carmen Giménez Muñoz

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Estudio con el objetivo de analizar el nacimiento de la Enfermería en el primer franquismo en España (1939-1942. Estudio histórico cualitativo, cuyas fuentes documentales utilizadas fueron los periódicos impresos en diferentes regiones de España, en el periodo 1939-1942. La importancia del trabajo de los cuidados de enfermería en el estado de necesidad, hambre, miseria, en que había quedado la población española tras el conflicto bélico. Las enfermeras con su actitud y compromiso hacia el otro, facilitaron la administración de alimentos a los más necesitados, abastecieron de ropas a los que padecían frio y enseñaron principios de higiene a las madres para reducir la elevada tasa de mortalidad infantil y juvenil que se padecía, puntos cruciales para la actuación de la ayuda social. Por tanto, ante la adversidad, las enfermeras atendieron y cuidaron a los niños, a los enfermos, a los ancianos y a los pobres. Se concluye que la labor humanitaria de las enfermeras se convertía en un elemento de represión distribuyendo prestaciones a cambio de la exigencia de un modelo ideológico.

Radiological protection in the Spanish nuclear industry under Franco, 1939-1975.

Science.gov (United States)

Menéndez-Navarro, Alfredo; Vázquez, Luis Sánchez

2013-01-01

In debates about nuclear controversy, the issue of occupational safety in radioactive facilities is rarely foregrounded; it has historically been relegated to second place compared to the attention given to potential harm to the general population. Aiming for, at least, partially filling this historiographical gap, this article deals with the development of occupational radiological protection in Spain under the dictatorship of General Franco (1939-1975). It covers the rise of radiological protection measures on an international level and the subsequent development of legislation in the case of Spain, a process that paralleled the growth of the nation's nuclear program. Finally, it explores the main evidence of the impact of ionizing radiation on Spain's working population.

14 CFR 193.9 - Will the FAA ever disclose information that is designated as protected under this part?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Will the FAA ever disclose information that... VOLUNTARILY SUBMITTED INFORMATION § 193.9 Will the FAA ever disclose information that is designated as protected under this part? The FAA discloses information that is designated as protected under this part...

CARACTERIZACIÓN CLÍNICA Y PATÓLOGICA DE LA ENCEFALITIS EQUINA VENEZOLANA SUBTIPO IE EN UNA REGIÓN ENDÉMICA EN EL SUR DEL ESTADO DE VERACRUZ EN MODELOS EQUINOS

OpenAIRE

FABELA BECERRIL, VERÓNICA ALEJANDRINA

2016-01-01

La Encefalitis Equina Venezolana (EEV) es una enfermedad que se presenta principalmente en equinos y humanos y se caracteriza por un cuadro febril que en ocasiones va seguido de uno neurológico y la muerte. El agente etiológico es un virus clasificado dentro de la familia Togaviridae, género alfavirus (1) , el cual fue reconocido por primera vez en Venezuela por Beck y Wickoff en 1938 y por Kubes y Ríos en 1939 (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) La enfermedad se consideró propia del norte de Sudamérica...

Yugoslav teachers in Argentina 1939-1944

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Stefanović-Banović Milesa

2014-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper we present reports of Yugoslav teachers who held classes to immigrants in Argentina 1939-1944, organized by the government of Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Teachers’ reports to Yugoslav Embassy in Buenos Aires testify of Kingdom of Yugoslavia efforts to oppose assimilation and promote and strengthen “Yugoslav national unity”. The reports also describe general social circumstances of Yugoslav immigrants, show various details from their everyday life and contain valuable data on numerous political, economic, social and cultural problems of this diaspora in Argentina and their relationship with motherland. We believe that archive materials presented in this paper opens numerous questions which could be topics of separate researches. Some of them could be the following: To which extent the teachers’ reports represented the actual situation and to which they were shaped to match policy and expectations of Kingdom of Yugoslavia? What was the actual influence of teachers to spreading the “national unity” among immigrants? Have their work left trace in Yugoslav diaspora and in which way? Beside all of the open issues, it is certain that teachers’ reports contain valuable data on immigrants’ everyday life, curriculum, schooling conditions, relationship with motherland, etc. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 47016: Interdisciplinarno istraživanje kulturnog i jezičkog nasleđa Srbije. Izrada multimedijalnog internet portala "Pojmovnik srpske kulture"

Superhero Characteristic Comparison Between 1938 Superman and 21st Century Iron Man as a Reflection of the American Era

OpenAIRE

PUTRA, ALDILLA YUNIRWAN

2014-01-01

Putra, Aldilla Yunirwan. 2014. Superhero Characteristic Comparison between 1938 Superman and 21ST Century Iron Man as A Reflection of the American Era. Program Studi Sastra Inggris, Jurusan Bahasa dan Sastra, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Brawijaya, Pembimbing: (I) M. Andhy Nurmansyah (II) Nurul Laili. Keywords: American Superhero, Popular Culture, Entertainment, American Society. Superheroes are wellknown throughout the world, they appear in various medias to amuse the people as...

Seasonal abundance of eggplant leafminer Liriomyza sativae (Blanchard, 1938) (Diptera, Agromyzidae) in plastic-house

Science.gov (United States)

Kathiar, S. A.; Flaih, S. K.; Al-Khazraji, H. I.; Ismael, S. K.

2018-05-01

The eggplant Solanum melongena L. crop is attacked by one of the most common pests which is the leafminer Liriomyza sativae (Blanchard, 1938); therefore, this investigation was conducted to study the seasonal abundance of the eggplant leafminer in eggplant Plastic-house. The results showed that the highest average of infested leaves was 6.67 leaf, the highest average of tunnels by leaf miner was 9.87 tunnels and the highest percent of infestation was recorded 30.5% in 23. April. 2017. This study showed the parasitoid Diglyphus isaea (Walker, 1838) (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) was recorded as a natural enemy to control the pest and the highest incidence of parasitism was 32.2 parasites on average in 16. April. 2017.

‘This is the Age of Woman’: Black Feminism and Black Internationalism in the Works of Una Marson, 1928-1938

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Imaobong D. Umoren

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Una Marson (1905-1965 was an Afro-Jamaican intellectual who in the 1930s became an internationally famous feminist, Pan-Africanist, poet, playwright, journalist and social activist. Between 1932 and 1936 Marson lived in London and became involved in the burgeoning Pan-African movement and a number of British and international women’s and feminist organisations. In 1936, she briefly returned to Jamaica amidst the nationalist movements of the time before journeying back to Britain in 1938, where she remained until 1946. This article builds on and differs from previous scholarship on Marson through its exploration of the changes that took place in her black feminist ideas relating to race, gender and class between 1928 and 1938, and how these influenced her intellectual view concerning black internationalism. This article puts two arguments forward. First, Marson’s engagement with Pan-Africanism and her experiences of racism and sexism in London changed her vision of black feminism. Second, this change contributed to her bringing black feminism into the male-dominated sphere of black internationalism. Thus, it calls for more recognition of Una Marson both as a black feminist and a black internationalist

British-Zionist Military Cooperation in Palestine, 1917-1939

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Mohsen M. Saleh

2003-12-01

Full Text Available The essence of the British military and security formula in Palestine was the smooth establishment of the Jewish national home with minimum costs of lives and money. However, this British pro-Zionist policy created a continuous security problem, and opened the door to all possibilities of Palestinian revolts and uprisings of both national and religious nature. The British were very active in disarming the Arabs and adopted stringent measures to crush their uprisings and revolts. But, they turned a blind eye to the Jewish arms smuggling and Jewish military organizations, especially, the Hagana, which later became the backbone of the Israeli Army. During Palestinian uprisings of 1920, 1921 and 1929 against the Zionists, most of the Palestinian casualties were inflicted by the British forces despite the fact that the Palestinians avoided attacking the British. The British-Zionist cooperation reached its peak during the Palestinian revolt of 1936-1939, and took different forms, including allowing the Jews to establish a military force of twenty two thousand men under the pretext of protecting the Jewish community.

Since Yesterday: The Nineteen Thirties in America. By Frederick Allen Lewis. New York: Bantam Books, 1939. 292pp. Since Yesterday: The Nineteen Thirties in America. By Frederick Allen Lewis. New York: Bantam Books, 1939. 292pp.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eileen Klink

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Material Covered: A compendium of events, people, places, and settings of the Thirties, this book offers information on: 1.chronology and impact of events on national and international levels–from the prelude to the Panic, September 3, 1929, through the outbreak of the war with Germany, September 3, 1939. 2.major political and business figures plus celebrities of the era–Hoover, Roosevelt, Hitler, Charles Lindbergh, Fred & Gracie Allen, etc. 3.influential organizations and unions. 4.statistical information and analysis. 5. day–to–day life—e.g., the books, magazines, and newspapers; films and radio programs; automobiles; fashions; the weather. Material Covered: A compendium of events, people, places, and settings of the Thirties, this book offers information on: 1.chronology and impact of events on national and international levels–from the prelude to the Panic, September 3, 1929, through the outbreak of the war with Germany, September 3, 1939. 2.major political and business figures plus celebrities of the era–Hoover, Roosevelt, Hitler, Charles Lindbergh, Fred & Gracie Allen, etc. 3.influential organizations and unions. 4.statistical information and analysis. 5. day–to–day life—e.g., the books, magazines, and newspapers; films and radio programs; automobiles; fashions; the weather.

Nota sobre Lutzomyia (Trichopygomyia Dasypodogeton (Castro, 1939, com a redescrição do macho e da fêmea (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae

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A. Vianna Martins

1983-06-01

Full Text Available Os autores, após transcreverem a descrição original da Lutzomyia (Trichopygomyia dasypodogeton (Castro, 1939, inicialmente publicada de maneira muito resumida em jornal não científico, redescrevem, de acordo com as normas atualmente adotadas, ambos os sexos dessa espécie, inclusive com desenhos dos elementos taxonomicamente importantes. É, também, dada uma chave para a identificação das espécies do subgênero trichopygomyia Barreto, 1952.After a transcription of the original description of Lutzomyia (Trichopygomyia dasypodogeton (Castro, 1939, first published very briefly in a non-scientific journal, the authors redescribe, with drewings of the importante taxonomic elements, both sexes of the species. A key for the identification of the species of the subenus Trichopygomyia Barreto, 1952, is also given.

Report on the perception of the Soviet-Estonian relations by the inhabitants of the Pechora region in 1939-1940 / Nadezhda Lebedeva

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Lebedeva, Nadezhda

2000-01-01

Sotsioloogilisest küsitlusest, mille eesmärgiks oli uurida maaelanike majandustegevust piiriäärsetel aladel. Pihkva oblasti Kruppi küla elanikelt küsiti ka nende arvamust selle kohta, kuidas nad hindasid poliitilist olukorda 1939.-1940. a.

Tragiczna noc okupacji niemieckiej: o problematyce „kolaboracji oddolnej” w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie (1939–1945)

OpenAIRE

Salmonowicz, Stanisław

2012-01-01

The article is an attempt of critical and methodological consideration about a phenomenon of so-called by the author “collaboration from dawn” with German authorities in the years 1939–1945. Author as the legal historian indicates, especially on example of the history of village territories of Little Poland (Małopolska) and Kielce, that a number of pathological phenomena in the attitudes of various Polish communities must be considered and studied in the context of the general framework of th...

Convergence and conflict: anthropology, psychiatry and feminism in the early writings of Madeleine Pelletier (1874?1939)

OpenAIRE

2008-01-01

Abstract This paper reviews the early career and psychiatric writings of Madeleine Pelletier (1874?1939), between 1901 and 1906. Pelletier, a committed feminist and socialist, was the first woman to remove the barriers to women entering the French psychiatric profession, successfully passing the examination for the l'internat des hopitaux psychiatriques in 1903. Her involvement in La Societe d'Anthropologie de Paris and the Institut General de Psychologie provided a forum for her i...

Orde Wingate and the British Internal Security Strategy during the Arab Rebellion in Palestine, 1936-1939

Science.gov (United States)

2012-06-08

biographies to the military historian and practitioner are the ones by Trevor Royle and Christopher Sykes because of the depth and breadth of their research...Administrative Districts were defined as Northern, Southern and Jerusalem Districts for which each was assigned a District Commissioner. The District...Documents and Portraits From the Records of the Arab Gangs in the Arab Revolt, 1936-1939 ( Jerusalem ; Magnes Press, 1981). A translated copy can be found at

1938-1942: the fateful 4 years of discovery

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1992-01-01

The chain of discovery which led from an experiment in 1938 which demonstrated nuclear fission to the first controlled chain reaction in the Chicago Pile 1 (CP1) on 2nd December 1942 is outlined. The initial experiment by Hahn and Strassman detected barium as a product of the bombardment of uranium by neutrons. An explanation of the presence of the barium was offered by Meitner and Frisch in terms of the fission of the uranium atom into two elements. This involved a net reduction in mass which it was suggested was converted into energy. This was subsequently confirmed experimentally. A further prediction that the process produced secondary neutrons was also confirmed leading to the possibility of a chain reaction. From then on, efforts were directed in Germany, the USA and the United Kingdom towards the building of a structure in which there was a self-propagating, controlled, chain reaction and also into devising a bomb based on an explosive nuclear chain reaction. The elements of an ''atomic pile'' were gradually conceived including neutron moderation, critical size, the neutron multiplication factor and a reactor lattice. Under the direction of Fermi, this culminated in the construction of the uranium, graphite moderated pile CP1. The plutonium produced in such a reactor was one route to a bomb. Of other routes explored in the USA over the same period, the separation of U235 by gaseous diffusion was selected for development. (UK)

Citridones, new potentiators of antifungal miconazole activity, produced by Penicillium sp. FKI-1938. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological properties.

Science.gov (United States)

Fukuda, Takashi; Yamaguchi, Yuichi; Masuma, Rokuro; Tomoda, Hiroshi; Omura, Satoshi

2005-05-01

New phenylfuropyridinones and related compounds, designated citridones A, B, B' and C, were isolated along with known CJ-16,173, from the culture broth of Penicillium sp. FKI-1938 by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography and HPLC. Citridones (75 microM) potentiate the miconazole activity against Candida albicans, decreasing the IC50 value of miconazole from 14.5 nM to 3.5 to approximately 6.3 nM.

Un cinéaste antifasciste à Paris : Slatan Dudow (1934-1939)

OpenAIRE

Trugeon, Mélanie

2011-01-01

Réfugié à Paris après l’arrivée de Hitler au pouvoir en Allemagne, le metteur en scène de théâtre et cinéaste bulgare Slatan Dudow poursuit son travail militant sur scène, à la radio et sur les écrans dans la capitale française jusqu’à son expulsion en 1939-1940 où il trouve alors refuge en Suisse. À partir d’un riche fonds d’archives déposé aux Archives Nationales, inexploité à ce jour, cet article retrace les conditions et les aléas de cette activité artistique et politique, en particulier ...

Zasutá svědectví o Mnichovu. Události roku 1938 v nepublikovaných memoárech českých autorů

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Kvaček, R.; Tomeš, Josef; Vašek, Richard

2011-01-01

Roč. 109, č. 1 (2011), 81-112 ISSN 0862-6111 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR IAA800770901 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z70900502 Keywords : Czechoslovakia * Munich Crisis 1938 * memoirs Subject RIV: AB - History

A Tripartite Frontier: Funding the Church of the Nazarene Medical Mission, 1911- 1939

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Bonsile Rachel Ndlangamandla

2015-02-01

Full Text Available

Abstract

Couched within the context of social history of medicine, this study explores the trajectory of the Church of the Nazarene medical mission from 1911, when the Nazarene missionaries experienced their first ‘surgical’ service, to 1939 when the Church of the Nazarene had established a medical unit. The absence of large- scale biomedical facilities for the Swazi gave the Nazarene Christian missionaries the impression that they had a health burden to carry. How to fund the Nazarene frontier medical mission was the question that brought the church, the state, and the Swazi together. The study purports to discuss the tripartite funding of the Nazarene biomedical mission using information obtained from the Church of the Nazarene documents and government annual reports housed in the Swaziland National Archives. The significance of this ground- breaking study lies in its ability to evince the subtle nuances of the trajectory of multiple Christian medical mission encounters through the prism of multi- sectoral funding.

Encadrée dans le domaine de l'histoire sociale de la médecine, cette étude explore la trajectoire de l'Église de la mission médicale Nazaréen de 1911, quand les missionnaires nazaréens expérimentés ont entrepris leur première intervention «chirurgicale », jusqu’à 1939, année au cours de laquelle l'Église des Nazaréens a installé   une unité médicale. Les missionnaires chrétiens nazaréens estimaient qu'ils avaient un devoir médical à assurer à l’égard des Swazi qui étaient dépourvus de toutes infrastructures  biomédicales. La question de savoir comment financer la mission médicale nazaréenne outre-mer a été la principale préoccupation de cette église, de l’État et des Swazi eux-mêmes.   La présente étude examine le financement tripartite de la mission biomédicale nazaréenne, en

Nuclear energy: fusion and fission - From the atomic nucleus to energy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2002-09-01

Matter is made up of atoms. In 1912, the English physicist Ernest Rutherford (who had shown that the atom had a nucleus), and the Danish physicist Niels Bohr developed a model in which the atom was made up of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons. In 1913, Rutherford discovered the proton, and in 1932, the English physicist Chadwick discovered the neutron. In 1938, Hahn and Strassmann discovered spontaneous fission and the French physicist Frederic Joliot-Curie, assisted by Lew Kowarski and Hans Von Halban, showed in 1939 that splitting uranium nuclei caused an intense release of heat. The discovery of the chain reaction would enable the exploitation of nuclear energy. 'It was the Second World War leaders who, by encouraging research for military purposes, contributed to the development of nuclear energy'. During the Second World War, from 1939 to 1945, studies of fission continued in the United States, with the participation of emigre physicists. The Manhattan project was launched, the aim of which was to provide the country with a nuclear weapon (used at Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945). After the war ended, research into energy production by the nuclear fission reaction continued for civil purposes. CEA (the French Atomic Energy Commission) was set up in France in 1945 under the impetus of General de Gaulle. This public research body is responsible for giving France mastery of the atom in the research, health, energy, industrial, safety and defense sectors. (authors)

«A Ca’ Giustinian fu tutto diverso». La mostra di Paolo Veronese a Venezia (1939 / «A Ca’ Giustinian fu tutto diverso» (At Ca’ Giustiniani eveything was different. Paolo Veronese exhibition in Venice (1939

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Matilde Cartolari

2016-12-01

Full Text Available La mostra di Paolo Veronese si svolse a Venezia nel 1939 sotto la direzione di Rodolfo Pallucchini. Promuovendo una ricognizione materiale e critica dell’opera del maestro, la mostra fu l’occasione per effettuare una massiccia campagna di restauri ad opera del bergamasco Mauro Pellicioli e della sua squadra di collaboratori. Agendo sul duplice fronte della museografia e del restauro, Pallucchini si pose in dialogo con le parallele definizioni elaborate in sede istituzionale da Guglielmo Pacchioni e Giulio Carlo Argan. Il presente saggio intende offrire, attraverso materiale archivistico inedito, un’analisi del ruolo della mostra di Veronese nel contesto nazionale e internazionale, ricostruendo con un approccio interdisciplinare le dinamiche teoriche e operative che ne animarono lo svolgimento. Veronese exhibition took place in Venice in 1939 under the direction of Rodolfo Pallucchini. While promoting both material and critical examination of Veronese’s work, the exhibition was an opportunity to undertake a massive restoration, performed by Mauro Pellicioli and his team of collaborators. Pallucchini’s museographical and conservative program was in close relation with the theories promoted by Guglielmo Pacchioni and Giulio Carlo Argan in public administration. This paper intends to offer, through unpublished archival evidence, a detailed analysis of Veronese exhibition in relation to national and international context, in order to understand with an interdisciplinary approach both its theoretical and practical aspects.

Nota sobre Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia Cruzi (mangabeira, 1938, com a descrição da fêmea (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae

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A. Vianna Martins

1984-12-01

Full Text Available Depois de examinar o tipo de Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia cruzi (Mangabeira, 1938, depositado na coleção do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro, sob o número 941, e 74 espécimens machos da mesma espécie, a maioria da localidade tipo (Camapuan, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, os Autores verificaram que o tufo basal do basistilo é composto de apenas quatro cerdas foliáceas, e não seis, como descrito por Mangabeira, devido á superposição dos dois basistilos no holótipo. Além disso é feita uma descrição da fêmea, até agora não conhecida, e a redescrição do macho, baseada no holótipo.After examining the type of Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia cruzi (Mangabeira, 1938, kept in the collection of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro, under number 941, and 74 male specimens of the species, mostly from the type locality (Camapuan, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, the Authors verified that the basal tuft of the coxite is composed of only four foliaceous setae, and not six, as stated by Mangabeira, due the superposition of the two coxites holotype. A redescription of the male based on the holotype and a description of the previously unknown female are presented.

Fragua Social. Prensa, cultura y movilización en la CNT valenciana (1936-1939)

OpenAIRE

Alcolea Escribano, Josefa

2015-01-01

Este estudio aborda la historia del diario valenciano Fragua Social, órgano de expresión del Comité Regional de Levante y del Comité Nacional de la CNT durante la guerra civil española de 1936 a 1939. Pretende completar y renovar los conocimientos sobre la CNT valenciana desde un enfoque cultural, y determinar su relación con la organización nacional y con las otras fuerzas sindicales y políticas durante los tres años que duró la guerra. Analiza el contenido formal del diario, la evolución de...

50 years with nuclear fission, April 25-28, 1989. A prelude to fission: France

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Savic, P.

1989-01-01

A personal account of the events leading to the 1938 discovery, by Irene Joliot-Curie and the author, of the unidentified element R 3.5h will be presented, as well as the experimental methods proving the R 3.5h had chemical properties similar to lanthanum which in turn led Hahn and Strassmann to the discovery of fission in 1939. The author points out that Irene Curie's intuition indicated the path towards the solution of the problem of uranium irradiated by neutrons, which made possible the discovery of fission by Hahn and Strassmann. Further applications of fission became possible by tremendous efforts and excellent contributions of scientists in the USA

THE NOTION OF TRAUMA IN PSYCHOANALYSIS

OpenAIRE

ANA BEATRIZ FAVERO

2009-01-01

Este estudo analisa as contribuições de Sigmund Freud, Sándor Ferenczi e Jacques Lacan sobre o trauma em psicanálise, destacando as principais características de cada abordagem teórica. A concepção de trauma sofre mudanças nas diversas fases da construção teórica freudiana e suas diferentes acepções são discutidas desde a neurotica até a última teoria de angústia (Freud, 1926 [1925]), como também em Moisés e o monoteísmo (Freud, 1939 [1934-1938]). Em Ferenczi, há d...

Authoritarianism and violence: the conservative hispanist perspective. The case of Rodulfo Brito Foucher (1938

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Beatriz Urías Horcasitas

2014-09-01

Full Text Available This article examines Rodulfo Brito Foucher’s views on autoritharianism and violence. Brito Foucher was an important political opponent under Cárdenas’ rule. He also was a conservative ideologist who envisioned a “necessary dictature” as an alternative that would put an end to Mexico’s decline and corruption. In the essays he published in 1938, Brito Foucher relates specific political events —linked to Tomás Garrido Canabal’s regime in Tabasco between 1924 and 1935— to the rejection of the revolution that put in place a dictatorship disguised into a democratic regime. Reviewing Brito Foucher’s arguments allows one to reexamine from a new perspective the meaning of two key-concepts within the history of Mexico’s social thinking in the 20th century.

Redescription of Chabaudacuaria multispinosa (Pérez Vigueras, 1938) n. g., n. comb. (Nematoda: Spirurida: Acuariidae) based on specimens from Ardea herodias L. and Nyctanassa violacea (L.) (Ardeidae) in Florida.

Science.gov (United States)

Mutafchiev, Yasen; Kinsella, John M

2012-10-01

Chabaudacuaria n. g. is erected, as monotypic, for C. multispinosa (Pérez Vigueras, 1938) n. comb. (Spirurida: Acuariidae) [syns Cheilospirura multispinosa Pérez Vigueras, 1938; Acuaria multispinosa (Pérez Vigueras, 1938) Yamaguti, 1961]. This species, a parasite of various ardeid birds, is redescribed by means of light and scanning electron microscopy based on material from great blue herons Ardea herodias L. and yellow-crowned night herons Nyctanassa violacea (L.) in Florida, USA. Chabaudacuaria n. g. resembles Acuaria Bremser, 1811, Cheilospirura Diesing, 1861, Skrjabinocerca Schikhobalova, 1930 and Xenocordon Mawson, 1982 in its straight cordons which do not anastomose. However, it can be distinguished from them by the didelphic-prodelphic uterus and the absence of caudal alae in the males. In the pattern of its cordons (consisting of a row of plates and a longitudinal ridge) and the absence of an area rugosa, the new genus is similar to Chevreuxia Seurat, 1918, Syncuaria Gil'bert, 1927, Aviculariella Wehr, 1931, Skrjabinocara Kurashvili, 1940, Decorataria Sobolev, 1949 and Desportesius Chabaud & Campana, 1949, which are characterised by anastomosing cordons. The didelphic-prodelphic female reproductive system of Chabaudacuaria is intermediate between the didelphic-amphidelphic uterus of Chevreuxia and the monodelphic-prodelphic uterus of Syncuaria, Aviculariella, Skrjabinocara, Desportesius and Decorataria. Therefore, the straight and non-anastomosing cordons are considered to be autapomorphic for Chabaudacuaria.

Memorialisation in Norrtälje, Mariehamn and Pargas: 1881-1939

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Lara Band

2013-10-01

Full Text Available The data, the result of an archaeological survey of more than 300 memorials dating from 1881 – 1939 in cemeteries in Norrtälje, Sweden; Mariehamn, Åland and Pargas, Finland, was collected for an MA dissertation: ‘The Åland Islands Question’ – A New Perspective? A comparative study of three burial grounds on Åland, in Finland and in Sweden. The dissertation explored the potential for carrying out archaeological studies of memorialisation in a Nordic context, concentrating on the twin themes of identity and nationalism with particular reference to the League of Nations 1921 Agreement on the Autonomy of Åland. The dataset, deposited with the Swedish National Data Service, comprises a database with the details of each memorial, a photograph of each memorial and of the cemeteries, and a note on methodology. Reuse potential includes the incorporation of the data into wider studies of memorialisation, utilisation for gender studies, studies of nationalism, design history and genealogy.

Exilio y emigración : apuntes acerca de las relaciones hispano-suizas, 1939-1964

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Sebastián Farré

1998-01-01

Full Text Available El estudio del exilio provocado por la guerra civil y de la emigración de obreros españoles en Suiza nos ofrece una perspectiva original de las relaciones del gobierno suizo con el franquismo. La actitud de la Confederación frente a la presencia de destacados exilados (el cardenal Vidal i Barraquer, Don Juan de Borbón, Josep Tarradellas, etc. y más tarde de una importante colonia española, nos ayuda a comprender mejor las principales decisiones adoptadas por la diplomacia tielvética. Desde el reconocimiento del gobierno de Franco en 1939, hasta las medidas en contra de las manifestaciones antifranquistas al inicio de los 60, podemos esbozar un primer balance: las relaciones bilaterales tiispano-suizas durante estos 25 años se destacaron por su solidez.The study of the exile provoked by civil war and the emigration of spanish workers to Switzerland presents and unique perspective of the relations between the swiss governement and the franquism. The attitude of the Confederation towards the present of certain exiled spanish oficiáis (el cardenal Vidal i Barraquer, Don Juan de Borbón, Josep Tarradellas, etc. and the later the presence of an importanf spanish colony, helps us to understand various principal decisions adopted by the helvetic diplomacy. Since the governement recognition of the Franco régimen in 1939 until the measures taken against the anti- Franco manifestations at the beginning of the 1960s, we are able to outline an initial balance: the bilateral spanish-swiss relations during the first 25 years stand out as a result of their solidity.

Sectarianism in the Syrian Jazira: community, land and violence in the memories of World War I and the French mandate (1915- 1939)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Altug, S.

2011-01-01

This thesis is a historico-anthropological study of the transformations in the understandings of self and community among the Armenian, Syriac, and Kurdish refugees in the French Jazira in the post-genocide world. (1915- 1939). It explored the processes of change in self-identification and the terms

[History of occupational health physician and industrial safety and health law].

Science.gov (United States)

Horie, Seichi

2013-10-01

In Japan, an employer of a workplace with 50 or more employees is legally required to assign an occupational health physician. The assignment rate in 2010 was reported as 87.0%. This policy started with the provision of "factory physician"in the Factory Law in 1938, then the Labour Standard Law stipulated "physician hygienist" in 1947, and finally the Industrial Safety and Health Law defined "occupational health physician" in 1972. In 1996, a revision of the law then required those physicians to complete training courses in occupational medicine, as designated by an ordinance. Historically, an on-site physician was expected to cure injuries and to prevent communicable diseases of factory workers. The means of occupational hygienic management by working environment measurements, etc., and of health management by health examinations, etc., were developed. Localized exhaust ventilation and personal protection equipment became widely utilized. Qualification systems for non-medical experts in occupational hygiene were structured, and relationships between employers and occupational health physicians were stipulated in the legislative documents. Currently, the Japan Medical Association and the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan educate and train occupational health physicians, and the Japan Society for Occupational Health maintains a specialized board certification system for these physicians. In the future, additional efforts should be made to strengthen the expertise of occupational health physicians, to define and recognize the roles of non-medical experts in occupational hygiene, to incorporate occupational health services in small enterprises, to promote occupational health risk assessment in the workplace, and to reorganize the current legislation, amended repeatedly over the decades.

Reflections of Izmir’s Liberation Anniversaries on Izmir Press (1923 - 1938

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Mustafa MUTLU

2015-07-01

Full Text Available The dates May 15, 1919 and September 9, 1922 stand as a climax for Izmir. The invasion begins with the Greek army’s entering in Izmir and ends with the eliminat ion of the Greek army in Izmir, as well. September 9 is the anniversary of the event in which Turkish army reached at the first target and the motherland was liberated, while 15 May is the anniversary of the date in which Greeks attacked motherland. Regard ing these, the value of these days is quite great for Turkish People and especially for the people in Izmir. In my study, it was analyzed how the independence anniversary of Izmir (1923 - 1938 takes place in Izmir's press. When we focus on 9th September, we may realise independence story of Izmir, preparations for festival, the festival itself, proses and poems ab out the importance of the day on the newspapers. In addition to this, the architecture of this successful story Mustafa Kemal Ataturk and his friends were honoured in the newspapers. Thus, Izmir Press contributes to the comprehension of these two dates by people by means of the thoughts and ideas written in articles.

A single methyltransferase YefA (RlmCD) catalyses both m5U747 and m5U1939 modifications in Bacillus subtilis 23S rRNA

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Desmolaize, Benoit; Fabret, Céline; Brégeon, Damien

2011-01-01

Escherichia coli possesses three paralogues. These comprise the methyltransferases TrmA that targets U54 in tRNAs, RlmC that modifies U747 in 23S rRNA and RlmD that is specific for U1939 in 23S rRNA. The tRNAs and rRNAs of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis have the same three m(5)U modifications....... However, as previously shown, the m(5)U54 modification in B. subtilis tRNAs is catalysed in a fundamentally different manner by the folate-dependent enzyme TrmFO, which is unrelated to the E. coli TrmA. Here, we show that methylation of U747 and U1939 in B. subtilis rRNA is catalysed by a single enzyme...

L’Albania fascista (1939-1943. Stato della ricerca e piste da seguire

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Redi Halimi

2017-10-01

Full Text Available This paper will provide an overview of the scientific studies about Italy’s occupation of Albania during World War II. It also suggests the issues still to be addressed and shows the disposal of new archival sources, finally available to scholars. Documentary collections on the Union between Italy and Albania are abundant but there are just a few historical works that analyze them thoroughly. The paper is divided into four parts. The first part briefly describes the major events and the Union’s institutional framework. The second one provides an overview of the historiography about Albania during 1939-1943. The third part gives an overview of the documents available in recent years. The last one suggests the main research the mes related to Italy as an occupying power during World War II.

"Paladinos da liberdade": A experiência do Clube Negro de Cultura Social em São Paulo (1932-1938

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Petrônio Domingues

2004-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo desse artigo é romper com o relativo silêncio historiográfico que envolve a luta organizada do negro no combate ao racismo neste país, em particular, nas primeiras décadas do período republicano. Por isso, resolvemos oferecer subsídios para se fazer, pioneiramente, um resgate histórico da entidade Clube Negro de Cultura Social (1932-1938 e, centralmente, analisar seus dois veículos informativos oficiais: a revista Cultura, na primeira fase, e o jornal O Clarim, na segunda fase da organização.

Quasi una mostra. Giulio Carlo Argan, Wart Arslan e l'allestimento del Museo dell'Alto Adige tra propaganda e museografia, 1933-1939

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Angelini, Gianpaolo

2015-10-01

Full Text Available L’articolo prende in esame la riorganizzazione del Museo dell’Alto Adige a cura di Wart Arslan negli anni 1933-1938 in relazione alle scelte dell’allestimento, alla propaganda di regime, agli studi sulla pittura barocca nel primo Novecento, sulla scorta dell’epistolario di Arslan e degli articoli apparsi sulla stampa specialistica.

Centennial ties: Harvey Cushing (1869-1939) and William Osler (1849-1919) on Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564).

Science.gov (United States)

Toodayan, Nadeem

2017-08-01

Andreas Vesalius is often regarded as the founding father of modern anatomical study. The quincentennial anniversary of his birth - 31 December 2014 - has been very widely commemorated, and it is the purpose of this article to contrast these celebrations with what happened during the Vesalius quatercentenary year of 1914. More specifically, we look at how Vesalius was perceived a century ago by examining his influence on two of western medicine's most iconic gentlemen - Harvey Williams Cushing (1869-1939) and his larger than life mentor, Sir William Osler (1849-1919).

[The "Erlangen System" of open care: a tribute to Gustav Kolb (1870-1938)].

Science.gov (United States)

Braun, B; Kornhuber, J

2014-07-01

This year marks the 80th anniversary of the forced retirement (1st March 1934) of Gustav Kolb (1870 - 1938). He is considered the founder of the "Erlangen System" of open care. The following article pays tribute to Gustav Kolb's "life's work", by delineating the formation, active period and the fall of his "Erlangen system" in its historical context. Relevant archive materials and secondary literature were assessed. Beginning in 1914, Gustav Kolb, as Director of the Mental Asylum in Erlangen (1911 - 1934) introduced the care of the emotionally ill in their own families. In 1930, 4200 of the 770 000 residents in a catchment area covering about 3200 square kilometers were being treated in open care. The "Erlangen system" was the largest organisation of its kind in Germany. Although Gustav Kolb was inspired by eugenic ideas, he opposed the national-socialist health politics. Kolb withdrew professionally in 1933 and died five years later. The situation in the tense area of open care between helping institutions for and controlling bodies over emotionally ill people was relatively balanced in the Weimar Republic. Later, Gustav Kolb's organisational thoroughness, with its creation of a central register of people under open care in the Erlangen system, provided considerable biogenetic information. Tragically, this was abused as an important source in carrying out the national-socialist law for prevention of genetically-impaired offspring (14.7.1933). Several aspects contributed to the misfortune that Kolb's liberal system could be distorted to a recording instrument by the National Socialists. Final Comment: Individual efforts to reestablish open care facilities after 1945 were not implemented. It was not until during the socio-psychiatric movement of the 1960 s that Kolb's concept could achieve a renaissance, although it was unnamed and unrecognised at the time. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

Artistas españolas en la dictadura de Franco (1939–1975 = Spanish Women Artists during Franco’s Dictatorship (1939–1975

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Pilar Muñoz López

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Se muestra la presencia y la trayectoria de las artistas en la Dictadura de Franco (1939–1975.Objetivos:1. Mostrar su presencia y su actividad en el arte de la época a través de la bibliografía, artículos, catálogos de exposiciones y documentos.2. Análisis y recuperación de la actividad de las artistas en el periodo de la Dictadura de Franco.3. Contribuir a la investigación sobre la historia de las mujeres, así como a un mejor conocimiento de las mujeres artistas para incidir en su visibilización en la Historia del Arte.Metodología: búsqueda de información, estudio y análisis en orden cronológico.Conclusiones: presencia destacada pero menor valoración social y artística.The paper shows the presence and the path of the artists during the Franco’s Dictatorship Age (1939–1975.Goals:1. To show her presence and activity in the art of the period from the bibliography, articles, catalogs and documents.2. To analyse and recovery of the activity of the artists in the period of the dictatorship of Franco.3. To contribute to the research about the history of the women and as a better knowledge about the women artists to increase visibility of the women in the history of art.Methodology: search of information, study and analysis of the temporal order.Conclusions: it shows the prominent presence of the women but with less social and artistic value. /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} st1\\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui } /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal

The Purge of National Teaching in Morella (1936-1945 | La depuración del magisterio nacional en Morella (1936-1945

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Marta García Monfort

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The outbreak of the Civil War, apart from spreading havoc and blood all through Spain, caused some kind of deeply rooted social breakdown generating an endless thirst for revenge. While the military structures were deploying their strategy on the battlefield, the apparatus of power of both sides was establishing mechanisms of coercion and control mainly aimed at the submission of controlled territory. In this context, the purge of National Teachers favoured an ideological selection based on terror with preventive and punitive purposes. After the military conflict, under Francoist authorities the purge continued systematically, and with a repressive orientation, until the fifties. This analysis seeks to describe the idiosyncrasies of the purging processes developed in Republican Morella (1936-1938 and further in Franco’s regime (1939-1945. | El estallido de la Guerra Civil, además de sembrar de dolor y sangre la geografía española, provocará una ruptura social de hondo raigambre que generará en la sociedad una interminable sed de venganza. Al mismo tiempo que las estructuras militares desplegaban su estrategia en el campo de batalla, los aparatos de poder de los dos bandos establecieron unos mecanismos de coacción y control encaminados en primera instancia a la sumisión del territorio dominado. En este contexto, la depuración del Magisterio Nacional propiciará una selección ideológica con unos fines preventivos y punitivos. Finalizada la contienda bélica, la purga continuará sistematizada y con un carácter represivo de la mano de las autoridades franquistas hasta la década de los cincuenta aproximadamente. Este análisis trata de describir la idiosincrasia de los procesos depuradores desarrollados en la Morella republicana (1936-1938 y, posteriormente, en la franquista (1939-1945.

Over a barrel: Government influence and mergers and acquisitions in the petroleum industry. The case of Sun Oil Company, 1938-1980

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Powers, W.P. Jr.

1993-01-01

This dissertation examines the nature of government business relations, as perceived by the owners and managers of the Sun Oil Company, a large integrated oil and gas producer, transporter, refiner, and marketer. Sun has had a long and profitable career in the oil industry, success which came despite a complex, often bitter relationship with government in its regulatory and antitrust capacity. The founding Pew family has historically been quite outspoken in its opposition to what they perceived to be the government's chronic, unwelcome intrusion into the affairs of business. Sun's almost one hundred year history can be readily divided into two distinct phases. The first, the period from 1938-1947, could best be characterized as the time when Sun Company officials fought bitterly against what they thought to be excessive government domination over their industry, fearing either the government's outright takeover, or its imposition of burdensome restrictions. After freeing themselves from the government's oppression, Sun management then set out to build a growing, profitable oil concern. From 1938 to the present, Sun has undertaken several transactions that have established the firm as a highly successful petroleum company, including a merger, an aborted takeover, and a successful acquisition. Sun's survival in an endeavor where many perish, either purchased or driven out, provides the focus of this dissertation.

Legitimization Arguments for Procedural Reforms: a semio-linguistic analysis of statement of reasons from the Civil Procedure Code of 1939 and of the draft bill of the New Civil Procedure Code of 2010.

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Matheus Guarino Sant’Anna Lima de Almeida

2016-08-01

Full Text Available This research aims to analyze the arguments of legitimization that were used in the reform of Brazilian procedural legal codes, by comparing the texts of the statement of reasons of the Civil Procedure Code of 1939 and the draft bill of the New Civil Procedure Code. We consider these codes as milestones: the Civil Procedure Code of 1939 was the first one with a national scope; the draft bill of the New Civil Procedure Code was the first one produced during a democratic period. Our goal is to search for similarities and contrasts between the legitimization arguments used in each historical and political period, by asking if they were only arguments to bestow legitimacy to such reforms. We decided to use the methodological tools of sociolinguistic analysis of speech developed by Patrick Charaudeau in his analyses of political speech in order to elucidate how the uses of language and elements of meaning in the speech construction provide justification for the concept of procedure, in both 1939 and 2010. As a result, we conclude that the process of drafting the CPC of 1939 and the New CPC, even if they are very distant in terms of political and historical contexts, they are also very close in their rhetorical construction and their attempt to find justification and adherence. On balance, some of the differences depend on the vocabulary used when the codes were developed, their justification and the need for change. 

ŞTEFANIA CRISTESCU-GOLOPENŢIA’S CHRONOLOGY

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Professor Emerita Sanda Golopentia

2013-05-01

Full Text Available The present Chronology brings together data from the personal archive of Şt. C.-G. with data accumulated during the editing of her published and posthumous work that Sanda Golopenţia undertook after 1989. The author specifically calls attention to the new data regarding Şt. C.-G.’s 1938 and 1939 regional research in Ţara Oltului (the Olt County, the research she conducted in 1945 and 1947 in the Gurghiu Valley, and the social inquiry on the daily lives of her students in the Industrial Colege “Protopopul Tudor Economul” from Bucharest (1942–1943. The bibliography of Şt. C.-G.’s sociological, pedagogical and literary works was updated

El Che - más que médico

OpenAIRE

Natalia I. Osorio Curbelo

2015-01-01

Revolucionario, dirigente político, comandante guerrillero, intelectual y médico.  Uno de los íconos del siglo XX.  Nació en Rosario, Argentina, el 14 de junio de 1928. En 1938, con apenas 10 años, el padre le enseñó a jugar Ajedrez en el transcurso del año, deporte que no dejaría de practicar nunca más y lo estudiaría por siempre. En 1939 supo de la existencia de Cuba, pues teniendo 11 años, cuando vivía en Alta Gracia, en Buenos Aires se desarrollaba la VII Olimpiada de Ajedrez y el más con...

Trajetória teórico-metodológica da geografia agrária brasileira: a produção em periódicos científicos de 1939-2009

OpenAIRE

Alves, Flamarion Dutra [UNESP

2010-01-01

Este estudo analisou as bases teórico-metodológicas da geografia agrária brasileira partindo do ano de 1939 até 2009, com base em dez periódicos científicos selecionados em geografia. Evidenciou-se o pluralismo de concepções metodológicas e temáticas a partir da década de 1990. Assim, a pesquisa mostrou uma determinada coerência metodológica entre os períodos de 1939 a 1965, com base no método indutivo-descritivo-empírico alicerçado na geografia regional francesa. Após este momento, a geograf...

Actas de las Conferencias Sanitarias Internacionales (1851-1938.

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Juan B. Mateos Jiménez

2005-01-01

Full Text Available En este breve trabajo se pretende traer a la memoria el recuerdo de las «Conferencias Sanitarias Internacionales» que, en intervalos casi regulares, se celebraron desde 1851 hasta 1938, consistiendo en una serie de reuniones en las que participaron los más importantes sanitarios, higienistas y científicos de cada época, así como los embajadores correspondientes de los más importantes países, intentando unos acuerdos que fuesen conformes para todas las naciones y que evitasen la llegada y extensión de las enfermedades pestilenciales. Esta labor resultaba harto difícil en aquellos tiempos, dado que los participantes se encontraban divididos en dos grandes y potentes grupos: los contagionistas (partidarios de los cordones sanitarios, cuarentenas y lazaretos y los miasmáticos o anticontagionistas (que rechazaban estas medidas y defendían el pleno saneamiento: individual, ambiental y general. Los descubrimientos bacteriológicos que por entonces se fueron produciendo, facilitaron los caminos para un mejor entendimiento entre los participantes en las Conferencias. En este breve trabajo se ofrece un mínimo resumen del contenido de cada una de las mismas. Hay que destacar que estas Conferencias fueron el origen de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se mencionan algunas de las dificultades encontradas para conseguir las fotocopias de los textos de las 14 Actas de las Conferencias. Hasta ahora solamente existían en el mundo dos colecciones completas (originales y fotocopias una en la sede de la OMS en Ginebra y otra en la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina en Bethesda, Md. (USA. Ahora también existen en España, en el Instituto de Salud Carlos III.

Everyday life in wartime Arkhangelsk: The problem of starvation and death during the Second World War (1939–1945)

OpenAIRE

Khatanzeiskaya, Elizaveta

2015-01-01

The article «Everyday Life in Wartime Arkhangelsk: The Problem of Starvation and Death during the Second World War (1939–1945)» is based on primary sources: interviews with eyewitnesses, memoirs, materials of press, diaries and archival documents. During the Second World War more than 40 thousand civilians died in Arkhangelsk (one fourth of its prewar population) because of starvation. This paper is an attempt to explain this phenomenon. 

Elements of traditional Tuvan cosmology in the state emblem of the People’s Republic of Tuva, 1935-1939

OpenAIRE

Boris B. Mongush

2016-01-01

The article examines the constituent elements of the state emblem of the People’s Republic of Tuva (in its 1935/1939 version). We view state emblems as a special type of historical source where constituent emblems and elements are, in fact, reflections of a certain worldview. Emblems of the People’s Republic of Tuva (PRT) originally were full of Buddhist religious symbolism, but in the course of time it switched over to representing the dominance of the Soviet heraldic symbolism. Among the...

'Post-deployment appraisal' and the relationship with stress and psychological health in Australian veterans.

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Wright, Breanna; Forbes, Andrew; Kelsall, Helen; Clarke, David; Ikin, Jill; Sim, Malcolm

2015-12-01

Understanding how veterans appraise their post-deployment experiences could provide insight into better assisting their deployment transitions. We aimed to assess the factor structure of positive and negative post-deployment appraisals in Australian veterans and to examine the resultant factors in their relationship with military stress and psychological health. Questions capturing post-deployment attitudes were developed by the researchers in collaboration with veterans. The questions were administered to 1938 veterans and the results factor analysed. The relationships between post-deployment appraisal, military stress and psychological health were examined using Structural Equation Modelling. A three-factor solution was found for the post-deployment appraisal questions; representing personal development, lack of recognition, and appreciation of life and country. Military stress was associated with the three factors and psychological health. The three factors were weakly to moderately associated with psychological health. Mediation between military stress and psychological health by any post-deployment appraisal factor was minimal. Post-deployment appraisal measures three important attitudes and concerns of veterans after deployment. Military stress is associated with the post-deployment appraisal factors. However, the factors did not mediate the relationship between military stress and psychological health. These factors provide insight into how veterans appraise their complex array of post-deployment experiences, and may provide useful in regard to transitions and integration into civilian life.

Paleoseismic Trenching on 1939 Erzincan and 1942 Niksar-Erbaa Earthquake Surface Ruptures, the North Anatolian Fault (Turkey)

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Akyuz, H. S.; Karabacak, V.; Zabci, C.; Sancar, T.; Altunel, E.; Gursoy, H.; Tatar, O.

2009-04-01

Two devastating earthquakes occurred between Erzincan (39.75N, 39.49E) and Erbaa, Tokat (40.70N, 36.58E) just three years one after another in 1939 and 1942. While 1939 Erzincan earthquake (M=7.8) ruptured nearly 360 km, 1942 Erbaa-Niksar earthquake (M=7.1) has a length of 50 km surface rupture. Totally, more than 35000 citizens lost their lives after these events. Although Turkey has one of the richest historical earthquake records, there is no clear evidence of the spatial distribution of paleoevents within these two earthquake segments of the North Anatolian Fault. 17 August 1668 Anatolian earthquake is one of the known previous earthquakes that may have occurred on the same segments with a probable rupture length of more than 400 km. It is still under debate in different catalogues, if it was ruptured in multiple events or a single one. We achieved paleoseismic trench studies to have a better understanding on the recurrence of large earthquakes on these two faults in the framework of T.C. DPT. Project no. 2006K120220. We excavated a total of 8 trenches in 7 different sites. While three of them are along the 1942 Erbaa-Niksar Earthquake rupture, others are located on the 1939 Erzincan one. Alanici and Direkli trenches were excavated on the 1942 rupture. Direkli trench site is located at the west of Niksar, Tokat (40.62N, 36.85E) on the fluvial terrace deposits of the Kelkit River. Only one paleoevent could be determined from the structural relationships of the trench wall stratigraphy. By radiocarbon dating of charcoal sample from above the event horizon indicates that this earthquake should have occurred before 480-412 BC. The second trench, Alanici, on the same segment was located between Erbaa and Niksar (40.65N, 36.78E) at the western boundary of a sag-pond. While signs of two (possible three) earthquakes were identified on the trench wall, the prior event to 1942 Earthquake is dated to be before 5th century AD. We interpreted this to have possibility of

Marital fertility decline in the Netherlands: child mortality, real wages, and unemployment, 1860-1939.

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Schellekens, Jona; van Poppel, Frans

2012-08-01

Previous studies of the fertility decline in Europe are often limited to an earlier stage of the marital fertility decline, when the decline tended to be slower and before the large increase in earnings in the 1920s. Starting in 1860 (before the onset of the decline), this study follows marital fertility trends until 1939, when fertility reached lower levels than ever before. Using data from the Historical Sample of the Netherlands (HSN), this study shows that mortality decline, a rise in real income, and unemployment account for the decline in the Netherlands. This finding suggests that marital fertility decline was an adjustment to social and economic change, leaving little room for attitudinal change that is independent of social and economic change.

Pseudocapillaria (Ichthyocapillaria maricaensis n. sp. (Nematoda, Capillariidae and remarks on the helminthological fauna of Liolaemus lutzae Mertens, 1938 (Lacertilia, Iguanidae

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H. de Oliveira Rodrigues

1992-06-01

Full Text Available Pseudocapillaria (Ichthyicapillaria maricaensis n. sp. is described from the small intestine of the lizard, Liolaemus lutzae Meterns, 1938, collected in the State of Rio de Janeiro Brazil. The author compares the new species with Capillaria crotaliRudolphi, 1819 Travassos, 1915, Capillaria freitaslenti Araujo & Gandra, 1941, Pseudocapillaria (Pseudocapillaria amarali (Freitas & Lent, 1934 Moravec, 1952, Pseudocapillaria (Pseudocapillaria cezarpintoi (Freitas & Lent, 1934Moravec, 1952 and Pseudocapillaria (Ichthyocapillaria murinae (travassos, 1914 Moravec, 1952 previously reported from lizards in Brazil. The nematode Thelandros sceleratus Travassos, 1923 and the trematode paradistomum parvissimum (Travassos, 1918 Travassos, 1919 are for the first time reported from this same host.

Skandinávské státy a velké evropské krize 1937 – 1939 ve světle československých diplomatických dokumentů

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Dejmek, Jindřich

2011-01-01

Roč. 61, č. 1 (2011), s. 207-380 ISSN 0036-5246 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z80150510 Keywords : Scandinavian Countries * foreign policy * European Crises 1937-1939 Subject RIV: AB - History

Association of health professional leadership behaviors on health promotion practice beliefs.

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Stone, Jacqueline D; Belcher, Harolyn M E; Attoh, Prince; D'Abundo, Michelle; Gong, Tao

2017-04-01

Leadership is a process by which an individual influences a group or individual to achieve a common goal, in this case health promotion for individuals with disabilities. (1) To examine the association between the transformational leadership behaviors of the Association of University Centers on Disabilities (AUCD) network professionals and their practice beliefs about health promotion activities, specifically cardiovascular fitness and healthy weight, for people with disabilities. (2) To determine if discipline and/or years of practice moderate the association between transformational leadership behaviors and practice beliefs regarding health promotion. There is a positive association between transformational leadership behaviors and health professionals practice beliefs regarding health promotion activities for persons with disabilities. A quantitative cross-sectional web-based survey design was used to determine the association between leadership behaviors and practices beliefs regarding health promotion for people with disabilities. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire and an adapted version of the Role of Health Promotion in Physical Therapy Survey were used to measure leadership and practice beliefs, respectively. Multiple regression analysis was applied to determine the association of leadership behaviors with health promotion practice beliefs variables. Transformational leadership behaviors of the AUCD network professionals were positively associated with health promotion practice beliefs about cardiovascular fitness for people with disabilities. Years post licensure and discipline did not moderate the association between transformational leadership and practice beliefs regarding health promotion. Transformational leadership may facilitate health professionals' health promotion practices for people with disabilities. Further research and training in leadership is needed. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

American Association of Occupational Health Nurses

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... Workplace Health & Safety Journal Awards & Recognition Occupational Health Nurses Week Member Discounts Monthly Newsletter Foundation About the ... 1, 2018. The American Association of Occupational Health Nurses, Inc. is the primary association for the largest ...

CHESS BOOKS IN SPAIN (1900-1939: A BIO-BIBLIOGRAPHIC DIRECTORY AND A BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY

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Jordi Brasó Rius

2016-03-01

Full Text Available The work presents a description and analysis of chess books in Spain in the period 1900 to 1939. The tools used have been the main database of the Spanish libraries, along with bibliographical indexes of the subject matter. This has been contextualized with secondary sources. This allows us to locate the works analyzed in the social context of the time. Subsequently, a bibliometric statistical analysis used to assess and interpret issues of authorship, place of publication, publishers, years of increased circulation of works or controlling specific contents of the contributions. The results are useful to check that Barcelona and Madrid topped the printing of books. Also it manifests high Spanish and foreign production around the year 30. Other data is remarkable the informative function that had the most publications.

A Baltic bio-bibliography - international lawyers of the Baltic region, past and present / Peter Macalister-Smith

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Macalister-Smith, Peter

2005-01-01

Eestist: Küllike Jürimäe (s. 1962, Euroopa Ühenduste Kohtu esimese astme kohtu kohtunik alates 12. maist 2004) ; Uno Lõhmus (s. 1952, Euroopa Kohtu kohtunik alates 11. maist 2004) ; Rait Maruste (s. 1953, Euroopa Inimõiguste Kohtu kohtunik) ; Rein Müllerson (s. 1944, Institut de droit international liige, valiti aastal 1995) ; Ants Piip (1884-1942, rahvusvahelise õiguse uurija) ; Kaarel Robert Pusta (1883-1964, Institut de droit international liige, valiti aastal 1932) ; Otto Strandman (1875-1941, Permanent Court of International Justice - kohtunik 1938, 1939) ; Henn-Jüri Uibopuu (s. 1929, rahvusvahelise õiguse uurija) ; Abner T. Uustal (1915-1985, rahvusvahelise õiguse uurija). Lisatud: A note on F. F. Martens (1845-1909), lk. 159-164 (Friedrich Frommhold Martens, Frederic de Martens, Fjodor Fjodorovitsh Martens)

Slavic idea in political thought of underground Poland during World War II

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Miszewski Dariusz

2017-12-01

Full Text Available After the German invasion in 1941, the USSR declared to be the defender of the Slavic nations occupied by Germany. It did not defend their allies, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia, against the Germans in the 1938-1941. In alliance with Germans it attacked Poland in 1939. Soviets used the Slavic idea to organize armed resistance in occupied nations. After the war, the Soviet Union intended to make them politically and militarily dependent. The Polish government rejected participation in the Soviet Slavic bloc. In the Polish political emigration and in the occupied country the Slavic idea was really popular, but as an anti-Soviet idea. Poland not the Soviet Union was expected to become the head of Slavic countries in Central and South-Eastern Europe.

Las autoras dramáticas españolas del exilio republicano de 1939 como protagonistas teatrales : Hacia la construcción de una genealogía

NARCIS (Netherlands)

García-Manso, Luisa

2016-01-01

The past fifteen years have seen the appearance of several plays in Spain based on historical women from the Republican Exile of 1939. They reveal how contemporary society and, particularly, women writers react against the oblivion suffered by their foremothers in history, thus creating a feminist

Associations between health culture, health behaviors, and health-related outcomes: A cross-sectional study.

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Jia, Yingnan; Gao, Junling; Dai, Junming; Zheng, Pinpin; Fu, Hua

2017-01-01

To examine the associations between demographic characteristics, health behaviors, workplace health culture, and health-related outcomes in Chinese workplaces. A total of 1508 employees from 10 administrative offices and 6 enterprises were recruited for a cross-sectional survey. Self-administered questionnaires mainly addressed demographic characteristics, health behaviors, workplace health culture, and health-related outcomes including self-rated health, mental health, and happiness. The proportion of participants who reported good health-related outcomes was significantly higher in those working in administrative offices than those working in enterprises. The result of the potential factors related to self-rated health (SRH), mental health, and happiness by logistic regression analyses showed that age and income were associated with SRH; type of workplace, age, smoking, and health culture at the workplace level were associated with mental health; and beneficial health effects of direct leadership was positively associated with happiness. Moreover, there were some similar results among 3 multivariate regression models. Firstly, good SRH (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.744), mental health (OR = 1.891), and happiness (OR = 1.736) were more common among highly physically active participants compared with those physical inactive. Furthermore, passive smoking was negatively correlated with SRH (OR = 0.686), mental health (OR = 0.678), and happiness (OR = 0.616), while health culture at the individual level was positively correlated with SRH (OR = 1.478), mental health (OR = 1.654), and happiness (OR = 2.916). The present study indicated that workplace health culture, health behaviors, and demographic characteristics were associated with health-related outcomes. Furthermore, individual health culture, physical activity, and passive smoking might play a critical role in workplace health promotion.

La delegación del PCE en México (1939-1956 : origen y límite de una voluntad de liderazgo de la oposición

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Pablo Jesús Carrión Sánchez

2004-01-01

Full Text Available A través del estudio de la Delegación del PCE en México se analizan algunas claves esenciales del exilio político de 1939. En paralelo a la primera fase de la Dictadura los desterrados tratan de estructurar plataformas de oposición para derribarla. En ellas se observa la voluntad de liderazgo del PCE en contraste con su relativo aislamiento tanto del resto del exilio como de la propia política mexicana.Through the study of the Delegation of the PCE in México some essential keys of the political exile of 1939 are analysed. In paral leí to the firstphase ofthe Dictatorship the exiles try to structure platforms of opposition to demolish it. In them the will of leadership of the PCE is observed in contrast with its relative isolation of the rest of the exile like of the own Mexican politics.

American College Health Association

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... a robust series of courses leading to a brand new certification – the College Health and Wellness Professional ( ... future college health and wellness professionals, and strengthen awareness of the profession and association. Each month we' ...

Aproximación a la enseñanza secundaria durante el Franquismo (1938-1967

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Leoncio VEGA GIL

2010-03-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: El trabajo que abordamos en esta monografía se centra cronológicamente en el ciclo histórico conocido como franquismo y a nivel de contenido delimitamos el estudio a la enseñanza secundaria tanto desde su dimensión formal y política, a partir de los pilares legislativos que sobre este nivel se fueron erigiendo (1938, 1953 y 1967, como desde la realidad escolar en términos cuantitativos de la geografía nacional y un estudio interno más profundo de algunas variables para el caso de su articulación en Zamora. Y, si las fuentes nos lo permiten, entraremos en las cuestiones del «tercer nivel», la mentalidad del alumno de segunda enseñanza y su relación con el modelo social y académico real de los alumnos que asisten a cursar estudios en el Instituto «Claudio Moyano» de Zamora o de los que cursan la enseñanza colegiada, tan potenciada esta última ahora por el régimen.

Intelectuais e política no Chile: Apontamentos sobre a revista Aurora de Chile (1938-1940

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Ana Amélia M.C. Melo

Full Text Available Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é o de examinar a revista Aurora de Chile que circula em Santiago entre 1938-1940. Criada por Pablo Neruda esta publicação apresentou-se como um importante órgão de comunicação da Alianza de Intelectuales de Chile para la Defensa de la Cultura (AICH, entidade fundada em articulação com outras organizações internacionais de intelectuais e com orientação da Comintern. A revista situou-se nos debates políticos e culturais desses anos no Chile e atuou vigorosamente na defesa dos princípios da democracia, das liberdades públicas e contra o fascismo. Neste estudo busco demonstrar o papel desta revista como uma das vozes da perspectiva frentista que passou a orientar o Partido Comunista Chileno no período.

Women, engagement and censorship in the Spanish Cinema. 1939-1959

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Fátima Gil Gascón, Ph.D.

2010-01-01

Full Text Available his article analyses the formation of women’s identity in relation to love and courtship in the Spanish cinema during the first Franco regime (1939-1959. To this end, two hundred films produced in Spain during this time were analysed. These films were chosen based on two criteria: Their permanence in the box office and their relevance to the subject under study. This research was complemented with the analysis of the censorship reports about these films, which facilitated the understanding of the guidelines and influence of the government towards the representation of an official model of the Spanish women. Moreover, in order to know whether other media also contributed to the creation of the feminine identity, we consulted the most important women’s magazines and compared their messages whit those offered to women on the big screen.The analysis shows that the cinema of this years present a vision of love that was very far from the romantic and passionate feeling that appeared in other artistic representations. Female audiences that went to the cinema during this time assimilated a concept of love intrinsically linked to marriage and the formation of a family. This reality was in consonance with the mission to which, according to the Francoist regime, the Spanish women were destined.

Land change in the Central Corn Belt Plains Ecoregion and hydrologic consequences in developed areas: 1939-2000

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Karstensen, Krista; Shaver, David; Alexander, Randal; Over, Thomas; Soong, David T.

2013-01-01

This report emphasizes the importance of a multi-disciplinary understanding of how land use and land cover can affect regional hydrology by collaboratively investigating how increases in developed land area may affect stream discharge by evaluating land-cover change from 1939 to 2000, urban housing density data from 1940 to 2010, and changes in annual peak streamflow from water years 1945 to 2009. The results and methods crosscut two mission areas of the U.S. Geological Survey (Climate and Land Use, Water) and can be used to better assess developed land change and hydrologic consequences, which can be used to better assess future management and mitigation strategies.

For the little workers of the New World: ILO and child labor in the Americas (1936-1939

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José Pacheco dos Santos Júnior

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Created in 1919, the International Labour Organization took on a bold task: to standardize the world of work and to consolidate the ideal of social justice as a way of consolidate world peace. Choosing this agency as an object of study, the article aims to analyze the formulation and purposes that defined the resolutions on the work of children and young people, discussed and approved in the first two American Labour Conferences, held in Chile (1936 and in Cuba (1939. Under comparative analysis, the reflection concludes that the resolutions coming from such forums were not only to regulate but also to conform ideal models of childhood and youth.

Conexiones revolucionarias: repercusiones de la expropiación petrolera mexicana en Bolivia, 1938

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María Cecilia Zuleta

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo trata un tema relevante en la historiografía latinoamericana como es la expropiación petrolera mexicana durante el gobierno de Lázaro Cárdenas y aporta información original así como un enfoque innovador que desborda las historiografías estrictamente nacionales, intentando contribuir tanto a la historia de Bolivia como a la mexicana. La expropiación mexicana de 1938 alcanzó una dimensión trasnacional más allá de sus repercusiones diplomáticas: una experiencia percibida bajo muy diversos prismas en cada país latinoamericano. ¿Cómo fue vista la expropiación mexicana en los Andes bolivianos? Se argumenta que en la Paz, y en Sucre, diversos sectores de la sociedad leyeron esa expropiación tras los filtros del conflicto con la Standard Oil of Bolivia y del debate ideológico y político en torno a la recién creada YPFB, y cargaron de otro significado este episodio nacionalista al adaptarlo al contexto boliviano, dialogando simultáneamente con el sustrato previo de recepción de la revolución mexicana en la región, así como con el especial contexto político, económico y diplomático andino. Razones de orden nacional e internacional explican las reacciones ante el episodio petrolero mexicano en Bolivia, tanto como la percepción de estas por parte de la diplomacia mexicana.This article deals with a relevant subject in Latin American historiography, that being the Mexican oil expropriation during the Lázaro Cárdenas government and provides original information as well as an innovative approach that goes beyond strictly national historiographies, with the intention of contributing both to Bolivian and Mexican history. The Mexican expropriation of 1938 reached a transnational dimension beyond its diplomatic implications; an experience perceived through quite different prisms in each Latin American country. How was the Mexican expropriation viewed in the Bolivian Andes? We have argued that in La Paz and Sucre, various

[Health care in today's Western Belarus in the inter-war period (1921-1939)].

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Tiszczenko, E M

2001-01-01

During the inter-war period, today's Western Belarus, which under the Treaty of Riga constituted part of the Second Polish Republic, stood out for its higher morbidity in various disease categories than other regions of the country. Heightened threats of epidemics prevailed in that area, and typhoid fever, trachoma, tuberculois and venereal disease were serious health problems. Specific features of the health care of today's Western Belarus could be observed that set it apart from both that of Eastern Belarus forming a part of the Soviet Union as well as from the central and western provinces of Poland. Compared with Eastern Belarus, there was a lack of health services, including anti-tuberculosis, anti-venereal and paediatric dispensaries, or they were in the process of being created. But physicians' self-government bodies functioned, as did out-patient care with dispensary-like elements and health care provided by local health centres. There also existed the institution of full-time family doctors within the insured health-care system - something lacking in Eastern Belarus. As in other voivodships (provinces) of the Second Republic, there existed multi-sector health care: state, local, insurance-based and private. The Western Belarus had Poland's smallest number of physicians, new hospital beds and pharmacies. On the other hand, today's Western Belarus stands out by virtue of maintaining field-medicine traditions. To this day, assistant medical officers provide health care to the rural population - an arrangement not typical of the central and western provinces fo pre-war Poland.

La industria del petróleo en México, 1911-1938: del auge exportador al abastecimiento del mercado interno. Una aproximación a su estudio

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Luz María Uhthoff López

2010-06-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se examina el crecimiento de la demanda interna del petróleo y sus derivados durante el periodo comprendido entre 1925 y 1938. En este lapso, México transitó de una industria eminentemente exportadora de petróleo crudo a la puesta en marcha de una refinadora, con la que el consumo interno de petróleo cobraría mayor relevancia. En este aumento del consumo fue importante la política económica de los gobiernos posrevolucionarios que, a través de estímulos fiscales, el establecimiento de organismos semioficiales y el control de precios favorecieron la expansión de este mercado.This paper examines the raising of oil products in domestic consumption along the 1925-1938 period. From just having mainly crude oil export industry, Mexico shifted towards a refining oriented one dealing with the internal oil market that would became so gready important. Finally, it is pointed out how the post revolutionary governments played a main roll on supporting the sustained growing of oil internal consumption through post revolutionary economical policies based on tax exemptions, sui generis social organizations and, last but not least, the oil price control established deliberately to strength the home expanding market.

The U-shaped association of body mass index with mortality: Influence of the traits height, intelligence, and education.

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Jørgensen, Terese Sara Høj; Osler, Merete; Ängquist, Lars Henrik; Zimmermann, Esther; Christensen, Gunhild Tidemann; Sørensen, Thorkild I A

2016-10-01

The U-shaped association between body mass index (BMI) and mortality may depend on other traits with permanent health effects. Whether the association between BMI and mortality depends on levels of health-related traits known to be inversely associated with mortality throughout adult life such as height, intelligence, and education was investigated. The study was based on a cohort of young men with data on weight, height, intelligence test score, and education from the Danish Conscription Database. In total, 346,500 men born 1939 to 1959 were followed until December 2013. The association between BMI and mortality was analyzed using Cox-regression models including interactions between BMI and height, intelligence, and education, respectively. BMI and mortality showed the U-shaped association from the start of the follow-up period, and it persisted through the subsequent 56 years. As expected, the mortality was inversely associated with height, intelligence, and education, but the U shape of the association between BMI and mortality was unaffected by the levels of these traits except at higher BMI values, where the slopes were steeper for men with higher levels of height, intelligence, and education. High and low BMI was associated with higher mortality throughout life regardless of the levels of height, intelligence, and education. © 2016 The Obesity Society.

Outline of an intellectual biography of Professor Waldemar Dutkiewicz (1939–2007

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Paweł Grzybek

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The date of February 19, 2017 has marked the 10th death anniversary of Prof. Waldemar Dutkiewicz, who was an outstanding pedagogue, organiser of didactic and educational work, great social worker, and above all an eminent scholar. Professor Dutkiewicz died suddenly on February 19, 2007, still with his full creative forces. The professor was born on June 2, 1939 in Rivne, in Volhynia. In the period 1957–1963 he studied at the School of Physical Education in Krakow. He completed his pedagogical studies in 1970 at the Higher School of Pedagogy in Krakow. In 1973 he obtained a doctoral degree in physical education. His doctorate in pedagogy was publicly defended in 1982. At the Academy of Physical Education in Warsaw he received his Doctor of Letters (habilitation degree in the field of physical education in 1986. By a decision of the President of the Republic of Poland of August 22, 1995 he was awarded the title of Professor. Due to his studies and didactic work the heritage of Professor Dutkiewicz is composed of two parts: auxological and pedagogical.

The Mexican Assimilation: Colombia in the 1930s - The case of Ignacio Gómez Jaramillo

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Juanita Solano Roa

2013-07-01

Full Text Available During the 1930s in Colombia, artists such as Ignacio Gómez Jaramillo, took Mexican muralism as an important part of their careers thus engaging with public art for the irst time in the country. In 1936, Gómez Jaramillo travelled to Mexico for two years in order to study muralism, to learn the fresco technique and to transmit the Mexican experience of the open-air-schools. Gómez Jaramillo returned to Colombia in 1938 and in 1939 painted the murals of the National Capitol. Although Gómez Jaramillo’s work after 1939 is well known, his time in Mexico has been barely studied and very few scholars have analyzed the artist’s work in light of his Mexican experience. While in Mexico, Gómez Jaramillo joined the LEAR (La Liga de Escritores y Artistas Revolucionarios with whom he crated the murals of the Centro Escolar Revolución. These murals depict politically engaged images that, apparently, little had to do with his more historical work back in Colombia. This text proposes a careful reading of the artist’s work at the CER and a rereading of the National Capitol murals in light of a more politicized vision.

A genome wide association study links glutamate receptor pathway to sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease risk

NARCIS (Netherlands)

P. Sanchez-Juan (Pascual); M.T. Bishop (Matthew); G.G. Kovacs (Gabor); M. Calero (Miguel); Y.S. Aulchenko (Yurii); A. Ladogana (Anna); A. Boyd (Alison); V. Lewis (Victoria); C. Ponto (Claudia); Calero, O. (Olga); A. Poleggi (Anna); A. Carracedo (Angel); S.J. van der Lee (Sven); T. Ströbel (Thomas); F. Rivadeneira Ramirez (Fernando); A. Hofman (Albert); S. Haik; O. Combarros (Onofre); J. Berciano (José); A.G. Uitterlinden (André); S.J. Collins (Steven); H. Budka (Herbert); J-P. Brandel (Jean-Philippe); J.-L. Laplanche (Jean-Louis); M. Pocchiari (Maurizio); I. Zerr (Inga); R. Knight (Richard); R.G. Will (Robert); C.M. van Duijn (Cornelia)

2015-01-01

textabstractWe performed a genome-wide association (GWA) study in 434 sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) patients and 1939 controls from the United Kingdom, Germany and The Netherlands. The findings were replicated in an independent sample of 1109 sCJD and 2264 controls provided by a

Actuación de la enfermería en la creación del servicio de lactancia del Hospital Jesus (1935-1938)

OpenAIRE

Rodrigues Pimenta, A.; Moreira, A.; Neves de Sant’Anna Menezes, A.; Porto, F.; Braga de Santana, S.

2010-01-01

El presente estudio tiene como objeto la implantación del servicio de lactario en el Hospital Jesús y tiene por delimitación temporal el periodo de 1935-1938, que se justifica por la primera gestión del Servicio de Enfermería del Hospital Jesús, actual Hospital Municipal Jesús. La alimentación del niño merece cuidados especiales, principalmente en el primer año de vida. Objetivos: describir las políticas de alimentación en el Distrito Federal y analizar las circunstancias para la implantación...

Scientific contributions of U.S. plastic surgeons to the Revue de Chirurgie Plastique and the Revue de Chirurgie Structive, Brussels (1931-1938).

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Vrebos, J

1999-01-01

The author emphasizes the close cooperation between U.S. plastic surgeons and the first international journal entirely devoted to plastic surgery, the Revue de Chirurgie Plastique (1931-1934) later to become the Revue de Chirurgie Structive (1935-1938) published under the editorship of Maurice Coelst, M.D. from Brussels. By the accurate recording of original articles, book reviews, proceedings of their annual meetings and summaries in three different languages (English, French, German), the author stresses the intense scientific dynamism and the achievements made by the U.S. pioneers of this new speciality, which really started during World War I.

A planet orbiting an sdB star and an M dwarf in 2M 1938+4603

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Blokesz Adam

2015-01-01

Full Text Available We present a preliminary analysis of the 2M 1938+4603 star. It is an eclipsing binary system consisting of a primary sdB component and a secondary M dwarf. The photometric data are dominated by mutual eclipses and a very strong reflection effect. The primary has a fairly rich pulsation spectrum which can be used to study its interior. On the other hand, the pulsations affect the binary trend and vice versa what makes the analysis very difficult. Therefore, we attempted at proper modeling of the light variation due to eclipses and reflection and their removal from the data so it does not affect the Fourier analysis of stellar pulsations. We focus on mid-times of over 16 000 primary and secondary minima, which were used to verify stability of the orbital period. The O-C diagram indicates possible parabolic and sinusoidal variations, commonly explained by period changes caused by evolution and a presence of a third body, respectively.

Characteristics of school-based health services associated with students' mental health.

Science.gov (United States)

Denny, Simon; Howie, Hamish; Grant, Sue; Galbreath, Ross; Utter, Jennifer; Fleming, Theresa; Clark, Terryann

2018-01-01

Objective School-based health services (SBHS) have been shown to improve access to mental health services but the evidence of their effectiveness on students' mental health is lacking. Our objective was to examine associations between variation in the provision of SBHS and students' mental health. Methods A cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative health and well-being survey of 8500 New Zealand high school students conducted in March-November 2012. Students' mental health is related to data on school health services obtained from clinic leaders and clinicians from 90 participating high schools. Results After adjustment for socio-demographic differences in students between schools, increasing levels of services were associated with progressively lower levels of student-reported depressive symptoms (p = 0.002), emotional and behavioural difficulties (p = 0.004) and suicidality (p = 0.008). Services with greater levels of nursing hours (p = 0.02) and those that performed routine, comprehensive psychosocial assessments (p = 0.01) were both associated with lower levels of student-reported depressive symptoms. Greater levels of nursing hours and doctor hours were associated with lower self-reported suicidality among students. Conclusions Although a causal association between school-based health services and students' mental health cannot be demonstrated, these findings support the benefit of such services and the need for a cluster randomized trial.

La justice pénale dans les Alpes-Maritimes et les avorteurs (1939-1944

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Riadh Ben Khalifa

2010-07-01

Full Text Available L’intensification de la propagande nataliste établissant un lien étroit entre l’avortement et la dénatalité conduit, en juillet 1939, au durcissement de la législation concernant la répression des pratiques abortives. Le régime de Vichy renforce le Code de la famille par des mesures encore plus sévères. En vertu de la loi du 15 février 1942, les « individus qui procurent ou tentent de procurer l’avortement sur une femme enceinte » sont passibles d’être déférés devant le tribunal d’État. Cependant, une étude localisée de la répression des avorteurs par la justice pénale dans les Alpes-Maritimes permet de constater un véritable décalage entre l’idéologie officielle qui appelle à une sanction exemplaire, et des pratiques judiciaires qui paraissent relativement indulgentes. Entre 1941 et 1944, les peines maximales n’ont pas été infligées aux avorteurs par la justice correctionnelle des Alpes-Maritimes : la question du recours à la justice d’exception ne s’est donc pas posée.The development of natalist propaganda, establishing a close link between abortion and the fall in the birthrate, led to stricter legislation concerning the repression of abortion practices in July 1939. The Vichy regime hardened the Family Code through even more repressive measures. In pursuance of the Act of February 15, 1942, "persons who procure or try to procure an abortion on a pregnant woman are liable to be submitted to the State Court". A local study of abortionists’ repression by the Criminal Court of the Alpes-Maritimes, shows there was a gap between official ideology and judicial practices: the first called for exemplary punishment, whereas the second was relatively lenient. Between 1941 and 1944, the Magistrate’s Court of the Alpes-Maritimes did not impose the maximum penalties on abortionists; the use of emergency laws did not arise.

În vreme de război: refugiaţi polonezi în judeţele Rădăuţi şi Suceava (1939-1940. Documente

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Daniel Hrenciuc

2005-11-01

Full Text Available This study covering the period 1939–1940 on the ground of some investigations achieved by an author at the archives from Suceava. During the tragic moments in autumn 1939, the Romanian state extended special support to the Polish refugees a facilitated the transit of the treasury. Under the appearance or the internment regime, Polish, officers and soldiers enjoyed considerable freedom; until June 1940 about 14,000 of them (including Marshal Rydz Úmigùy left the country with the tacit support of the Romanian government and authorities, heading for Britain, France, and Africa of the Near Est. In refugee camps the conditions were decent. The Romanian state spent considerable funds to accommodate the Polish refugees; on the basis the cover provided by the assets handed over or left in Romania by the former Polish Army. This aid may be considered as emblematic or the traditional friendship between the two nations.

Universidad y un nuevo orden espiritual: el caso de la FUCI 1933-1939

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Jorge Dagnino Jiménez

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo tiene por objetivo el análisis de los principales aportes a una nueva vision del catolicismo y elaboración teológica de la Federazione Universitaria Cattolica Italiana (FUCI entre 1933 y 1939. La FUCI, la organización oficial de Acción Católica para los estudiantes universitarios de la época, fue liderada por Giovanni Battista Montini, el futuro Papa Pablo VI, entre 1925 y 1933. Hasta el día de hoy, la organización es principalmente conocida por haber formado en sus filas a gran parte de la futura clase dirigente demócrata cristiana que gobernaría Italia durante buena parte de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Así, otros procesos de igual valor han tendido a ser dejados de lado por la historiografía. Este artículo pretende colaborar a llenar este vacío, concentrándose en la elaboración teológica de la federación, en especial la formación de la personalidad cristiana en torno a un cristianismo 'totalitario', la eclesiología de Emilio Guano y los nuevos modelos de santidad del período, todo con el fin último de ofrecer una variante de una modernidad católica para la Iglesia del período.The present study aims at analyzing the main contributions made by the Federazione Universitaria Cattolica Italiana (FUCI to a new vision of Catholicism and theological elaboration between 1933 and 1939. As the official university student organization for Catholic Action at that time, the FUCI was led by Giovanni Battista Montini, who later became Pope Paul VI between 1925 and 1933. To date, this organization has been known to have bred most of the Christian Democratic ruling class that governed Italy for almost the entire second half of the XX century. Nevertheless, this and other processes with similar historical value have been left out of the books. This paper intends to contribute to filling such gap and focus on the theological elaboration of the FUCI. In particular, it analyzes how the organization developed a Christian

Jan Woleński, L’École de Lvov-Varsovie. Philosophie et logique en Pologne (1895-1939

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Sébastien Richard

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Le présent ouvrage est la traduction de Filozoficzna szkoła lwowsko-warszawska, paru en en polonais en 1985 et déjà traduit en anglais (1989 et en russe (2004. Il s’agit assurément d’un livre désormais classique sur la philosophie de l’École de Lvov-Varsovie. Celle-ci y est principalement étudiée durant la période qui s’étend de 1895 à 1939, c’est-à-dire durant la période qui sépare la nomination de Kazimierz Twardowski à la chaire de philosophie de l’Université de Lvov, considérée comme l’...

¿Bendición del cielo o plaga? El turismo en la España franquista, 1939-1975

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Rafael Vallejo Pousada

2015-12-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se plantea como España, de país rezagado en el turismo internacional durante el primer tercio del siglo XX, pasó a convertirse en una potencia turística. Nos preguntamos cómo y por qué se produjo esta transformación; qué papel jugó el turismo de masas en el modelo de desarrollo español entre 1939 y 1975; y abordamos algunas de sus consecuencias socioeconómicas, para preguntarnos si “el turismo fue una bendición del cielo o una plaga” en la España franquista.

Norman Bethune, Canadian surgeon: his Chinese connection.

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Summers, G V

1983-07-01

Norman Bethune, a Canadian thoracic surgeon who dabbled in painting, poetry, criticism, teaching and invention, was a member of the Communist Party of Canada. He became involved in two civil wars on opposite sides of the world and amassed both criticism and respect from colleagues and national leaders. The author describes Bethune's time in China, during which he developed front line field hospitals for Mao Tse-tung and his guerrillas in their struggle against the Japanese during 1938 and 1939. His efforts in China on behalf of the wounded brought him into contact with the primitive military medicine of the country and the poverty of its people; it earned for him a local reputation as saviour and benefactor and gave him an honoured place in Chinese military history.

Del abandono y la orfandad al cuidado y formación para la vida

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Luz Alexandra Garzón Ospina

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza la historia institucional de la Escuela de Oficios Domésticos y el Asilo San José para niños desamparados, dos instituciones creadas por la Beneficencia de Cundinamarca para la atención y educación de la niñez en orfandad y abandono. Este análisis se realiza a partir de los informes de protección infantil dados a la Junta General de Beneficencia por parte del secretario de Asistencia Social y de los directores científicos y administrativos de estos establecimientos durante los años 1938, 1939, 1944 y 1946. El interés se centra en analizar, describir y contextualizar el funcionamiento y la vida cotidiana de estas instituciones.

Entropic elasticity in the generation of muscle Force - A theoretical model

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Bjørn Gilbert

2002-01-01

A novel simplified structural model of sarcomeric force production in striate muscle is presented. Using some simple assumptions regarding the distribution of myosin spring lengths at different sliding velocities it is possible to derive a very simple expression showing the main components...... of the experimentally observed force-velocity relationship of muscle: nonlinearity during contraction (Hill, 1938), maximal force production during stretching equal to two times the isometric force (Katz, 1939), yielding at high stretching velocity, slightly concave force-extension relationship during sudden length......-bridges are explored [linear, power function and worm-like chain (WLC) model based], and it is shown that the best results are obtained if the individual myosin-spring forces are modelled using a WLC model, thus hinting that entropic elasticity could be the main source of force in myosin undergoing the conformational...

Mujeres y deporte durante el franquismo (1939-1975. Estudio piloto sobre la memoria oral de las deportistas = Women and sport during francoism (1939-1975. Pilot study on oral memory of sportswomen

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Xavier Pujadas i Martí

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación se centra en las mujeres deportistas del período de la dictadura franquista (1939-1975 y sus percepciones acerca de las circunstancias que rodearon a la práctica del deporte femenino en esa etapa. El objetivo principal es analizar y comparar los elementos sociales, morales, culturales, estéticos y alimentarios que intervinieron en la experiencia de las mujeres deportistas durante el franquismo, con el fin de potenciar el conocimiento sobre la situación de invisibilidad de la mujer durante este periodo y colaborar en la recuperación de la memoria colectiva de las mujeres deportistas.El estudio se ha efectuado a través de una muestra intencional de 24 mujeres de Andalucía, Aragón, Asturias, Catalunya, País Vasco y Valencia que han sido entrevistadas por equipos de investigación territoriales de 6 universidades diferentes. El análisis realizado de los relatos de las mujeres han dado como resultado líneas de interpretación significativas relativas a las limitaciones de inicio de la práctica en la posguerra, la incidencia del discurso moral y religioso dominante, los estereotipos de género, la influencia del contexto socio-deportivo en la percepción sobre las organizaciones deportivas del régimen franquista, la imagen corporal, la invisibilidad de la mujer en los medios y la escasez alimentaria.----------------------------------------------------------------------------This research focuses on female athletes during the Franco dictatorship (1939-1975 and their perceptions about the circumstances surrounding the female sport at that period. The main objective is to analyze and compare the social, moral, cultural, aesthetic and food involved in the experience of women athletes during the Franco regime, in order to enhance knowledge about the invisibility of women during this period and assist in the recovery of memory of women athletes.The study was carried out through a sample of 24 women of Andalusia, Aragon

Prevention of health care-associated infections.

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Hsu, Vincent

2014-09-15

Health care-associated infections cause approximately 75,000 deaths annually, in addition to increasing morbidity and costs. Over the past decade, a downward trend in health care-associated infections has occurred nationwide. Basic prevention measures include administrative support, educating health care personnel, and hand hygiene and isolation precautions. Prevention of central line- or catheter-associated infections begins with avoidance of unnecessary insertion, adherence to aseptic technique when inserting, and device removal when no longer necessary. Specific recommendations for preventing central line-associated bloodstream infections include use of chlorhexidine for skin preparation, as a component of dressings, and for daily bathing of patients in intensive care units. Catheter-associated urinary tract infections are the most common device-related health care-associated infection. Maintaining a closed drainage system below the patient reduces the risk of infection. To prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia, which is associated with high mortality, mechanically ventilated patients should be placed in the semirecumbent position and receive antiseptic oral care. Prevention of surgical site infections includes hair removal using clippers, glucose control, and preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. Reducing transmission of Clostridium difficile and multidrug-resistant organisms in the hospital setting begins with hand hygiene and contact precautions. Institutional efforts to reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescribing are also strongly recommended. Reducing rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection can be achieved through active surveillance cultures and decolonization therapy with mupirocin.

Against all odds: genocidal trauma is associated with longer life-expectancy of the survivors.

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Abraham Sagi-Schwartz

Full Text Available Does surviving genocidal experiences, like the Holocaust, lead to shorter life-expectancy? Such an effect is conceivable given that most survivors not only suffered psychosocial trauma but also malnutrition, restriction in hygienic and sanitary facilities, and lack of preventive medical and health services, with potentially damaging effects for later health and life-expectancy. We explored whether genocidal survivors have a higher risk to die younger than comparisons without such background. This is the first population-based retrospective cohort study of the Holocaust, based on the entire population of immigrants from Poland to Israel (N = 55,220, 4-20 years old when the World War II started (1939, immigrating to Israel either between 1945 and 1950 (Holocaust group or before 1939 (comparison group; not exposed to the Holocaust. Hazard of death - a long-term outcome of surviving genocidal trauma - was derived from the population-wide official data base of the National Insurance Institute of Israel. Cox regression yielded a significant hazard ratio (HR = 0.935, CI (95% = 0.910-0.960, suggesting that the risk of death was reduced by 6.5 months for Holocaust survivors compared to non-Holocaust comparisons. The lower hazard was most substantial in males who were aged 10-15 (HR = 0.900, CI (95% = 0.842-0.962, i.e., reduced by 10 months or 16-20 years at the onset of the Holocaust (HR = 0.820, CI (95% = 0.782-0.859, i.e., reduced by18 months. We found that against all odds genocidal survivors were likely to live longer. We suggest two explanations: Differential mortality during the Holocaust and "Posttraumatic Growth" associated with protective factors in Holocaust survivors or in their environment after World War II.

Estimated hospital costs associated with preventable health care-associated infections if health care antiseptic products were unavailable

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Schmier JK

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Jordana K Schmier,1 Carolyn K Hulme-Lowe,1 Svetlana Semenova,2 Juergen A Klenk,3 Paul C DeLeo,4 Richard Sedlak,5 Pete A Carlson6 1Health Sciences, Exponent, Inc., Alexandria, VA, 2EcoSciences, Exponent, Inc., Maynard, MA, 3Health Sciences, Exponent, Inc., Alexandria, VA, 4Environmental Safety, 5Technical and International Affairs, American Cleaning Institute, Washington, DC, 6Regulatory Affairs, Ecolab, Saint Paul, MN, USA Objectives: Health care-associated infections (HAIs pose a significant health care and cost burden. This study estimates annual HAI hospital costs in the US avoided through use of health care antiseptics (health care personnel hand washes and rubs; surgical hand scrubs and rubs; patient preoperative and preinjection skin preparations. Methods: A spreadsheet model was developed with base case inputs derived from the published literature, supplemented with assumptions when data were insufficient. Five HAIs of interest were identified: catheter-associated urinary tract infections, central line-associated bloodstream infections, gastrointestinal infections caused by Clostridium difficile, hospital- or ventilator-associated pneumonia, and surgical site infections. A national estimate of the annual potential lost benefits from elimination of these products is calculated based on the number of HAIs, the proportion of HAIs that are preventable, the proportion of preventable HAIs associated with health care antiseptics, and HAI hospital costs. The model is designed to be user friendly and to allow assumptions about prevention across all infections to vary or stay the same. Sensitivity analyses provide low- and high-end estimates of costs avoided. Results: Low- and high-end estimates of national, annual HAIs in hospitals avoided through use of health care antiseptics are 12,100 and 223,000, respectively, with associated hospital costs avoided of US$142 million and US$4.25 billion, respectively. Conclusion: The model presents a novel

Ethnopharmacology in the work of Melville William Hilton-Simpson (1881-1938)--historical analysis and current research opportunities.

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Helmstädter, A

2016-06-01

In the early 20th century, the British anthropologist Melville William Hilton-Simpson (1881-1938) did explorations in Africa, mainly the Congo region and the Aurès region in Algeria. He showed considerable interest in local medicinal practices and plants used by the natives, mainly the Algerian Berbers. He left notes, letters and publications about traditional medicine which were screened for relevant information about medicinal plant use. His reports were compared with current knowledge and recent study results. Many plants described by Hilton-Simpson as therapeutically relevant could prove their efficacy in current studies which again shows that historical sources may exert some reliability. The study, however, unveiled a couple of plants reported as traditionally used, but neglected by modern science so far. These, including Marrubium supinum, Cynoglossum pictum (= C. creticum), Sonchus maritimus, and two Erodium species, are strongly recommended to be further studied. Foresightedly, this approach was already intended by Hilton-Simpson himself.

"Las Mujeres en la Masonería Españóla (1868 - 1939"

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Natividad Ortiz Albear

2012-01-01

Full Text Available En EspaÒa la presencia de mujeres en la masonerÌa entre 1868 y 1939 constituye un hecho ampliamente documentado. A pesar de la prohibiciÛn que pesaba sobre la iniciaciÛn de mujeres, Èstas poblaron las logias espaÒolas a travÈs de diferentes modalidades, entre las que destacÛ el Rito de AdopciÛn . La publicaciÛn de Estatutos de AdopciÛn por parte del GOE mantuvo la ortodoxia masÛnica pero a la vez relegÛ a las mujeres a logias femeninas segregadas. Paralelamente se desarrolla un discurso entre los masones que refleja las contradicciones de una instituciÛn que defiende la igualdad como principio pero no la aplica de manera universal. Sin embargo, entre los masones espaÒoles predominÛ una actitud proclive a la aceptaciÛn de mujeres en sus filas en aras de un incipiente feminismo que reconocÌa la trascendencia social de los roles femeninos.

Evolucao dos precos relativos de grupos alimentares entre 1939 e 2010, em Sao Paulo, SP

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Tania Yuka Yuba

2013-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a evolução dos preços relativos dos grupos de produtos alimentares e sua influência nas políticas públicas para uma alimentação saudável. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados dados do município de São Paulo de 1939 a 2010, a partir da aplicação de métodos de cálculo de números-índices. Foram utilizados dados do banco de preços e estruturas de ponderação da Fundação Instituto de Pesquisas Econômicas (1939 a 1988 e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (1989 a 2010. O banco de preços foi organizado, sua consistência foi testada e os preços foram deflacionados pelo Índice de Preços ao Consumidor. Os dados relativos a preços deflacionados foram calculados e agregados por categorias e grupos alimentares da pirâmide alimentar adaptada. Os índices de preços de cada grupo foram construídos aplicando a fórmula de Laspeyres modificada. O índice geral de preços da alimentação foi comparado com índices de cada grupo alimentar e respectiva categoria: alimentos in natura; alimentos industrializados; bebidas; carnes, leguminosas, leite e ovos; cereais e tubérculos; e refeições fora do domicílio. RESULTADOS: Os grupos alimentares de gorduras, óleos, condimentos, açúcares e alimentos processados (alimentos industrializados apresentaram tendência de redução de preços em termos relativos. O índice dos alimentos in natura, como frutas e verduras, apresentaram tendência de elevação de preços. Outros grupos alimentares, como cereais, farinhas e massas, carnes, leite e ovos, apresentaram estabilidade de preços relativos ao longo do tempo. CONCLUSÕES: A evolução dos preços relativos dos alimentos no município de São Paulo mostra tendência desfavorável à manutenção da alimentação saudável em nível domiciliar em longo prazo.

British plastic surgeons who contributed to the Revue de Chirurgie Plastique and the Revue de Chirurgie Structive (1931-1938): "the Big Four" in their Speciality.

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Rogers, B O

2001-01-01

The Revue de Chirurgie Plastique and the Revue de Chirurgie Structive, Brussels (1931-1938), edited by Maurice Coelst, M.D. from Brussels, were the first, full-fledged medical publications devoted specifically to plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery. Publishing original articles by H.D. Gillies, P.T. Kilner, A.H. McIndoe, and R. Mowlem--the "Big Four" as they were known to both English and American plastic surgeons--the Revues drew attention to these four surgeons who were mainly responsible for developing the prestige of English plastic surgery in the early 1930s.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS OF IMPLEMENTING THE COMBINED METHOD OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES IN WESTERN UKRAINE AND IN RUSSIA (1918–1939

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Богдана Лабінська

2014-04-01

Full Text Available The paper investigates the specific characteristics of implementing the combined method in teaching foreign languages in Western Ukraine and in Russia (1918–1939. Preconditions of the origin of the combined method have been ascertained. Teaching language aspects and communicative activities has been analyzed on the basis of curricula, manuals and scientific articles of those times. Comparative studies of foreign language teaching methodology in Ukraine and in Russia have been carried out. Fundamentals of the combined method of teaching foreign languages have been substantiated and peculiarities of their realization in the region under investigation have been formulated.

Development of international fisheries for the eastern Baltic cod ( Gadus morhua ) from the late 1880s until 1938

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Eero, Margit; MacKenzie, Brian; Karlsdottir, H.M.

2007-01-01

of indicators of fishing effort and qualitative information on developments in fishing technology. This information has been assembled for different countries and locations in the Baltic Sea. We first summarize the multi-decadal development of national cod fisheries and their relative importance during......The paper provides an overview of eastern Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) fisheries from the end of the 1880s until 1938, in order to improve the knowledge of long-term stock dynamics. The data compiled and included in the study comprise catches and economic values of exploited fish species, time series...... the first decades of the 20th century. We then assess whether these data can be used to estimate the relative roles of fishing and ecosystem changes on variations in catches. We conclude that the assembled data reveal biologically meaningful variations in the state of the cod stock and that some...

Association of parental health literacy with oral health of Navajo Nation preschoolers.

Science.gov (United States)

Brega, A G; Thomas, J F; Henderson, W G; Batliner, T S; Quissell, D O; Braun, P A; Wilson, A; Bryant, L L; Nadeau, K J; Albino, J

2016-02-01

Health literacy is 'the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions'. Although numerous studies show a link between health literacy and clinical outcomes, little research has examined the association of health literacy with oral health. No large-scale studies have assessed these relationships among American Indians, a population at risk for limited health literacy and oral health problems. This analysis was conducted as part of a clinical trial aimed at reducing dental decay among preschoolers in the Navajo Nation Head Start program. Using baseline data for 1016 parent-child dyads, we examined the association of parental health literacy with parents' oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behavior, as well as indicators of parental and pediatric oral health. More limited health literacy was associated with lower levels of oral health knowledge, more negative oral health attitudes, and lower levels of adherence to recommended oral health behavior. Parents with more limited health literacy also had significantly worse oral health status (OHS) and reported their children to have significantly worse oral health-related quality of life. These results highlight the importance of oral health promotion interventions that are sensitive to the needs of participants with limited health literacy. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Associations between daily musicking and health

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ekholm, Ola; Juel, Knud; Bonde, Lars Ole

2016-01-01

musically, while this pattern was not found among men. CONCLUSIONS GENDER SEEMS TO PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MUSICKING AND HEALTH, BUT MORE RESEARCH IS NEEDED TO UNDERSTAND THESE DIFFERENCES AND THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS IN ADDITION, LONGITUDINAL STUDIES ARE WARRANTED TO EXAMINE......AIMS: To examine the associations between singing/playing musical instruments daily and various outcomes such as health-related quality of life and health behaviour. METHODS: Data originates from the Danish Health and Morbidity Survey 2013. The survey was based on a random sample of 25,000 adult...... Danes (response rate: 57%). Besides standard health-related questions the survey included eight specific music questions, based on a review of the sparse literature on music and health. On the same basis, 'daily musicking' was defined as normally singing/playing musical instruments at least 1 h...

La Villa Matarazzo en la avenida Paulista y Tomaso Buzzi: proyecto y obras (1938-1940

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João Mascarenhas Mateus

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The demolition of the Matarazzo mansion on Avenida Paulista is an example of a lack of awareness and coordination of cultural heritage preservation mechanisms, to a certain extent attributable to insufficient research on buildings of a great architectural worth. In a metropolis like São Paulo that is so rich in 20th century architectural gestures and symbols, this question could appear to be of minor importance. Nevertheless, and despite the everyday loss of architectural objects of great cultural value, it is important to gain better familiarity with them in order to avoid the complete disappearance of their memory after their physical destruction. This article discusses the design process of the mansion renovation between 1938 and 1940, which gave us the image of the building that lasted until its demolition. The study puts this architectural work into context and removes any doubt about Tomaso Buzzi’s authorship of this project. Buzzi is an architect who has only recently become the focus of intense study in Italy and hopefully will be better known in Brazil.

Predicting size limit of wild blood python (python brongersmai stull, 1938) harvesting in north sumatera

Science.gov (United States)

Mangantar Pardamean Sianturi, Markus; Jumilawaty, Erni; Delvian; Hartanto, Adrian

2018-03-01

Blood python (Python brongersmai Stull, 1938) is one of heavily exploited wildlife in Indonesia. The high demands on its skin trade have made its harvesting regulated under quota-based setting by the government to prevent over-harvesting. To gain understanding on the sustainability of P. brongersmai in the wild, biological characters of wild-caught specimens were studied. Samples were collected from two slaughterhouses from Rantau Prapat and Langkat. Parameters measured were morphological (Snout-vent length (SVL), body mass, abdomen width) and anatomical characters (Fat classes). Total samples of P. brongersmai in this research were 541 with 269 male and 272 female snakes. Female snakes had the highest proportion of individuals with the best quality of abdominal fat reserves (Class 3). Linear models are built and tested for its significance in relation between fat classes as anatomical characters and morphological characters. All tested morphological characters were significant in female snakes. By using linear equation models, we generate size limit to prioritize harvesting in the future. We suggest the use of SVL and stomach width ranging between 139,7 – 141,5 cm and 24,72 – 25,71 cm respectively to achieve sustainability of P. brongersmai in the wild.

Multistate Point-Prevalence Survey of Health Care–Associated Infections

Science.gov (United States)

Magill, Shelley S.; Edwards, Jonathan R.; Bamberg, Wendy; Beldavs, Zintars G.; Dumyati, Ghinwa; Kainer, Marion A.; Lynfield, Ruth; Maloney, Meghan; McAllister-Hollod, Laura; Nadle, Joelle; Ray, Susan M.; Thompson, Deborah L.; Wilson, Lucy E.; Fridkin, Scott K.

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND Currently, no single U.S. surveillance system can provide estimates of the burden of all types of health care–associated infections across acute care patient populations. We conducted a prevalence survey in 10 geographically diverse states to determine the prevalence of health care–associated infections in acute care hospitals and generate updated estimates of the national burden of such infections. METHODS We defined health care–associated infections with the use of National Healthcare Safety Network criteria. One-day surveys of randomly selected inpatients were performed in participating hospitals. Hospital personnel collected demographic and limited clinical data. Trained data collectors reviewed medical records retrospectively to identify health care–associated infections active at the time of the survey. Survey data and 2010 Nationwide Inpatient Sample data, stratified according to patient age and length of hospital stay, were used to estimate the total numbers of health care–associated infections and of inpatients with such infections in U.S. acute care hospitals in 2011. RESULTS Surveys were conducted in 183 hospitals. Of 11,282 patients, 452 had 1 or more health care–associated infections (4.0%; 95% confidence interval, 3.7 to 4.4). Of 504 such infections, the most common types were pneumonia (21.8%), surgical-site infections (21.8%), and gastrointestinal infections (17.1%). Clostridium difficile was the most commonly reported pathogen (causing 12.1% of health care–associated infections). Device-associated infections (i.e., central-catheter–associated bloodstream infection, catheter-associated urinary tract infection, and ventilator-associated pneumonia), which have traditionally been the focus of programs to prevent health care–associated infections, accounted for 25.6% of such infections. We estimated that there were 648,000 patients with 721,800 health care–associated infections in U.S. acute care hospitals in 2011

Association between political ideology and health in Europe.

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Subramanian, S V; Huijts, Tim; Perkins, Jessica M

2009-10-01

Studies have largely examined the association between political ideology and health at the aggregate/ecological level. Using individual-level data from 29 European countries, we investigated whether self-reports of political ideology and health are associated. In adjusted models, we found an inverse association between political ideology and self-rated poor health; for a unit increase in the political ideology scale (towards right) the odds ratio (OR) for reporting poor health decreased (OR 0.95, 95% confidence interval 0.94-0.96). Although political ideology per se is unlikely to have a causal link to health, it could be a marker for health-promoting latent attitudes, values and beliefs.

Association of financial and health literacy with cognitive health in old age.

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Wilson, Robert S; Yu, Lei; James, Bryan D; Bennett, David A; Boyle, Patricia A

2017-03-01

We tested the hypothesis that higher financial and health literacy is associated with better cognitive health in 755 older persons who completed a literacy measure (M = 67.9, SD = 14.5) and then had annual clinical evaluations for a mean of 3.4 years. In proportional hazards models, higher literacy was associated with decreased risk of developing incident Alzheimer's disease (n = 68) and results were similar for financial and health literacy subscales and after adjustment for potential confounders. In mixed-effects models, higher literacy was related to higher baseline level of cognition and reduced cognitive decline in multiple domains. Among the 602 persons without any cognitive impairment at baseline, higher literacy was associated with a reduced rate of cognitive decline and risk of developing incident mild cognitive impairment (n = 142). The results suggest that higher levels of financial and health literacy are associated with maintenance of cognitive health in old age.

Un país enemigo : Franco frente a Francia 1939-1944

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Juan Avilés Farré

1994-01-01

Full Text Available «No cabe resurgimiento sin una fortaleza militar. No olvidemos que nuestra grandeza duele a poderosas naciones». Muy pocos oyentes dejarían de comprender que con estas palabras Franco aludía, en su mensaje de fin de año de 1939, a Francia y Gran Bretaña, las dos potencias que en la mitología de la extrema derecha eran las responsables de que España hubiera perdido su poderío internacional de antaño. Recuperarlo era para el caudillo vencedor en la guerra civil un objetivo digno de la elevada imagen que se había hecho de si mismo y para ello la guerra europea, iniciada pocos meses antes, ofrecía una oportunidad. Pero a su vez Franco era consciente de que España no estaba en condiciones de enfrentarse a las dos potencias de Europa occidental e incluyó en su mensaje un llamamiento a que se pusiera fin al conflicto. No se abstuvo sin embargo de proclamar que la responsabilidad en provocarlo la habían tenido en gran parte «los especuladores internacionales, dueños y señores del régimen liberal y de la injusticia imperante en el mundo», retorcida expresión con la que sin duda aludía a las democracias capitalistas de Occidente.

[Parkinson's disease of Adolf Hitler and its influence in the development of World War Second].

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Guerrero, A L

2003-03-01

Adolf Hitler very probably suffered from Parkinson's disease. The first symptoms of it began to appear in 1937/1938. It is likely that its appearance, and the fear that it caused regarding his survival, lead Hitler to advance his initial projects of military expansion of the great Germany beginning in 1943. Thus, the Second World War broke out in 1939, perhaps quite before the time in which Germany would be prepared. Chronic treatment carried out with opiates, cocaine, amphetamines, and strychnine may very well be related with a very abnormal judgement of the problems and absence of trust in the advice of his team. With this, he would make military decisions that would end up being ill-fated for his interests and which, after 1942, would lead to a change in the course of the war.

Birth cohort increases in psychopathology among young Americans, 1938-2007: A cross-temporal meta-analysis of the MMPI.

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Twenge, Jean M; Gentile, Brittany; DeWall, C Nathan; Ma, Debbie; Lacefield, Katharine; Schurtz, David R

2010-03-01

Two cross-temporal meta-analyses find large generational increases in psychopathology among American college students (N=63,706) between 1938 and 2007 on the MMPI and MMPI-2 and high school students (N=13,870) between 1951 and 2002 on the MMPI-A. The current generation of young people scores about a standard deviation higher (average d=1.05) on the clinical scales, including Pd (Psychopathic Deviation), Pa (Paranoia), Ma (Hypomania), and D (Depression). Five times as many now score above common cutoffs for psychopathology, including up to 40% on Ma. The birth cohort effects are still large and significant after controlling for the L and K validity scales, suggesting that the changes are not caused by response bias. The results best fit a model citing cultural shifts toward extrinsic goals, such as materialism and status and away from intrinsic goals, such as community, meaning in life, and affiliation. Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A Catalogue of Source Parameters of Moderate and Strong Earthquakes for Turkey and its Surrounding Area (1938-2015)

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Kalafat, D.; Toksoz, M. N.

2015-12-01

Turkey and Surrounding area, especially North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ), East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ), Western Turkey, cost of the Aegean Sea and Mediterranean Sea regions are seismically very active and undergoing rapid deformation. Earthquakes with M >6.0 do occur every couple of years regularly in this region, Moderate-magnitude seismicity (4.04.0 which were calculated of the fault-source parameters for Turkey and its surrounding area between 1938-2015. The fault source parameters of total over the 1200 earthquakes were calculated. The fault-source parameters of about 56.0 % of the all events were calculated with this study and 44.0 % of the rest were obtained from the other sources. The parameters of the old and incomplete events also were calculated in order to prepare the homogeneous and extended fault- source parameters set in the study. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study was supported by the Department of Science Fellowship and Grant programs of TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey).

Milleks teatrilavale ajalugu? : Katri-Aaslav-Tepandi ja Tõnu Tepandi. "President 1939". Estonia kammersaal, esietendus 18. veebruaril 2008; Enn Vetemaa, Erki Aule ja Merle Karusoo. "Sigma Tau-S705". Eesti Draamateater, esietendus 16. märtsil 2008 /

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Vseviov, David, 1949-

2009-01-01

Arvustus : Katri-Aaslav-Tepandi ja Tõnu Tepandi. "President 1939". Estonia kammersaal, esietendus 18. veebruaril 2008; Enn Vetemaa, Erki Aule ja Merle Karusoo. "Sigma Tau-S705". Eesti Draamateater, esietendus 16. märtsil 2008

Association between cultural distance and migrant self-rated health.

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Detollenaere, Jens; Baert, Stijn; Willems, Sara

2018-03-01

We study whether migrant health in Europe is associated with the cultural distance between their host country and country of origin. To this end, we run multilevel regression models on data merging self-rated health and social background of ≥3800 migrants from the European Social Survey with an index of cultural distance based on country differences in values, norms and attitudes measured in the World Values Survey. We find that higher levels of cultural distance are associated with worse migrant health. This association is comparable in size with the negative association between health and female (compared with male) gender but less important than the association between health and education level. In addition, this association is less significant among second-generation than first-generation migrants.

Género, cuerpo, gimnasia y sexualidad en los manuales educacionales higienistas y eugenésicos en Chile, 1870-1938

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Manuel Durán Sandoval

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Este artículo aborda la conformación de un discurso eugenésico positivo heredero de las teorías higienistas ambientalistas y raciales de finales del siglo XIX. Esta tendencia se consolidó entre 1925 a 1938 con la conformación de una estructura institucional y programas de corte social con fuertes matices eugenésicos positivos, considerando el cuerpo y el “carácter” de la juventud como amalgama de la nación.En este contexto se desarrollaron desde fines del siglo XIX tentativas por constituir una medicina pública que propulsara un programa de educación y preservación de la juventud. Estas iniciativas de corte ambientalista pretendían potenciar las aptitudes física y morales de los jóvenes mediante planes de alimentación, higiene y gimnasia

El maestro fuera de la escuela: apuntes para una investigación sobre la vida cotidiana del «maestro nacional» (España: 1939-1975 The teacher out of school. Notes for a research about the dayly life of «el maestro nacional» (Spain: 1939-1975 (I

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María NIEVES GÓMEZ

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Este artículo es la primera parte de un trabajo más amplio que intenta el estudio de la relación entre la vida cotidiana y el trabajo profesional de los maestros nacionales en España (1939-1975. Después de especificar los conceptos de «vida cotidiana» y maestro nacional se analizan los diferentes Planes de Estudio que regulan la formación de estos maestros, en distintos tipos de escuelas donde enseñaron y la opinión que la sociedad en general tenía de su función, para concluir con una hipótesis objeto de la futura segunda parte de nuestro trabajo: la vida cotidiana de los maestros nacionales ha determinado diferentes modelos de acción en el aula, incluso con más intensidad que la formación recibida.This article is the first part of a wider work which tries to study the relationship between everyday life and pofessional work of nationl teachers in Spain (1939-1975. After specifying the concepts of 'everyday life5 and 'national teacher', we analyze the different curricula that regulated the training of those teachers, the different schools where they taugh, and the opinion that society in general had of their function. To finish whit a hypothesis that will be subject of the future second part of our work: everyday life national teachers has determined different models of action in the class, even more strongly than the very training received.

Associations between media use and health in US children.

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Russ, Shirley A; Larson, Kandyce; Franke, Todd Michael; Halfon, Neal

2009-01-01

Television viewing has been associated with poorer health attributes, but relationships between computer use and health are less clear. The aim of this study was to determine associations between TV and computer use, both separately and combined, and health attributes in US children. We performed bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of cross-sectional data on 54 863 children ages 6 to 17 years who participated in the National Survey of Children's Health. Key independent variables were TV, computer, and combined media use; outcome variables were 6 measures of health. In models controlling for a wide range of sociodemographic variables, each additional hour of television viewing was associated with greater odds of overweight/obesity (odds ratio [OR] 1.05, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.02-1.08), poorer oral health (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.09), social-emotional problems (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.05-1.11), concern about self-esteem, and lower social competence. Greater computer use was associated only with overweight/obesity (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07). Combined media use showed similar, but weaker, health associations to television viewing alone. Interaction analyses showed that TV viewing was associated with overweight/obesity only for white, not black or Hispanic, children. TV/video use is associated with a broader range of negative physical and social-emotional health attributes than computer use. Associations between media use and health are modest, but persistent at the population level. TV/video use reduction strategies may lead to improved physical and social-emotional population health. However, reductions in TV viewing may have little effect on overweight/obesity in black or Hispanic children. Mechanisms underlying observed health associations need further study.

U.S. plastic surgeons who contributed to the Revue de Chirurgie Plastique and the Revue de Chirurgie Structive (1931-1938): "Giants" in our specialty.

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Rogers, B O

1999-01-01

The Revue de Chirurgie Plastique and the Revue de Chirurgie Structive, Brussels (1931-1938), edited by Maurice Coelst, M.D. from Brussels, were the first, full-fledged medical publications specifically devoted to plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery. Publishing original articles by J.W. Maliniac, J. Eastman Sheehan, and brief summaries of papers read at plastic surgery societies by C.R. Straatsma, L.A. Peer, G. Aufricht, and other well-known American plastic surgeons, these Revues drew attention to surgeons, most of whom were responsible for organizing the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons in 1931, the same year in which the Revue de Chirurgie Plastique first appeared.

Convergence and conflict: anthropology, psychiatry and feminism in the early writings of Madeleine Pelletier (1874-1939).

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Gordon, Felicia

2008-06-01

This paper reviews the early career and psychiatric writings of Madeleine Pelletier (1874-1939), between 1901 and 1906. Pelletier, a committed feminist and socialist, was the first woman to remove the barriers to women entering the French psychiatric profession, successfully passing the examination for the l'internat des hôpitaux psychiatriques in 1903. Her involvement in La Société d'Anthropologie de Paris and the Institut Général de Psychologie provided a forum for her interest in psychology, both normal and abnormal. She turned increasingly to sociological explanations for mental illness, unwilling to accept the determinism inherent in degeneration theory. Although her career in psychiatry was cut short in 1906, her training and her debating skills, honed in the rationalism of the scientific and Free Masonic societies that she frequented, stood her in good stead in her subsequent career as a political militant.

Association of Parental Health Literacy with Oral Health of Navajo Nation Preschoolers

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Brega, A. G.; Thomas, J. F.; Henderson, W. G.; Batliner, T. S.; Quissell, D. O.; Braun, P. A.; Wilson, A.; Bryant, L. L.; Nadeau, K. J.; Albino, J.

2016-01-01

Health literacy is "the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions". Although numerous studies show a link between health literacy and clinical outcomes, little research has examined the association of health literacy with oral health. No large-scale…

Associations of Health Club Membership with Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health.

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Elizabeth C Schroeder

Full Text Available This study evaluates whether a health club membership is associated with meeting the US physical activity (PA guidelines and/or favorable cardiovascular health.Using cross-sectional data of health club members (n = 204 and non-members (n = 201 from April to August 2013, this is the first study to our knowledge to examine a health club membership in relation to objectively measured cardiovascular health indicators including resting blood pressure, resting heart rate, body mass index, waist circumference, and cardiorespiratory fitness based on a non-exercise test algorithm. To determine the total PA and sedentary time, this study used a comprehensive PA questionnaire about both aerobic and resistance activities at the health club, as well as lifestyle activities in other settings, which was developed based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ.The odds ratios (95% confidence interval of meeting either the aerobic, resistance, or both aerobic and resistance PA guidelines for members compared to non-members were 16.5 (9.8-27.6, 10.1 (6.2-16.3, and 13.8 (8.5-22.4, respectively. Significant associations of health club membership with more favorable cardiovascular health outcomes and sedentary behavior were observed for resting heart rate (B: -4.8 b/min, p1 year had more favorable health outcomes, with a smaller waist circumference (men, B: -4.0 cm, p = 0.04; women, B: -3.4 cm, p = 0.06, compared to non-members.Health club membership is associated with significantly increased aerobic and resistance physical activity levels and more favorable cardiovascular health outcomes compared to non-members. However, longitudinal, randomized controlled trials would be clearly warranted as cross-sectional data prohibits causal inferences.

Skill set or mind set? Associations between health literacy, patient activation and health.

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Samuel G Smith

Full Text Available There is ongoing debate on whether health literacy represents a skill-based construct for health self-management, or if it also more broadly captures personal 'activation' or motivation to manage health. This research examines 1 the association between patient activation and health literacy as they are most commonly measured and 2 the independent and combined associations of patient activation and health literacy skills with physical and mental health.A secondary analysis of baseline cross-sectional data from the LitCog cohort of older adults was used. Participants (n = 697 were recruited from multiple US-based health centers. During structured face-to-face interviews, participants completed the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (TOFHLA, the Patient Activation Measure (PAM, the SF-36 physical health summary subscale, and Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Service (PROMIS short form subscales for depression and anxiety.The relationship between health literacy and patient activation was weak, but significant (r = 0.11, p<0.01. In models adjusted for participant characteristics, lower health literacy was associated with worse physical health (β = 0.13, p<0.001 and depression (β = -0.16, p<0.001. Lower patient activation was associated with worse physical health (β = 0.19, p<0.001, depression (β = -0.27, p<0.001 and anxiety (β-0.24, p<0.001.The most common measures of health literacy and patient activation are weakly correlated with each other, but also independently correlated with health outcomes. This suggests health literacy represents a distinct skill-based construct, supporting the Institute of Medicine's definition. Deficits in either construct could be useful targets for behavioral intervention.

Associations of psychosocial working conditions with self-rated general health and mental health among municipal employees.

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Laaksonen, Mikko; Rahkonen, Ossi; Martikainen, Pekka; Lahelma, Eero

2006-03-01

To examine associations of job demands and job control, procedural and relational organizational fairness, and physical work load with self-rated general health and mental health. In addition, the effect of occupational class on these associations is examined. The data were derived from the Helsinki Health Study baseline surveys in 2001-2002. Respondents to cross-sectional postal surveys were middle-aged employees of the City of Helsinki (n=5.829, response rate 67%). Associations of job demands and job control, organizational fairness and physical work load with less than good self-rated health and poor GHQ-12 mental health were examined. Those with the poorest working conditions two to three times more, often reported poor general and mental health than those with the best working conditions. Adjustment for occupational class weakened the associations of low job control and physical work load with general health by one fifth, but even more strengthened that of high job demands. Adjustment for occupational class clearly strengthened the associations of job control and physical work load with mental health in men. Mutual adjustment for all working conditions notably weakened their associations with both health measures, except those of job control in men. All working conditions except relational organizational fairness remained independently associated with general and mental health. All studied working conditions were strongly associated with both general and mental health but the associations weakened after mutual adjustments. Of the two organizational fairness measures, procedural fairness remained independently associated with both health outcomes. Adjustment for occupational class had essentially different effects on the associations of different working conditions and different health outcomes.

Associations of eHealth Literacy With Health Behavior Among Adult Internet Users.

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Mitsutake, Seigo; Shibata, Ai; Ishii, Kaori; Oka, Koichiro

2016-07-18

In the rapidly developing use of the Internet in society, eHealth literacy-having the skills to utilize health information on the Internet-has become an important prerequisite for promoting healthy behavior. However, little is known about whether eHealth literacy is associated with health behavior in a representative sample of adult Internet users. The aim of this study was to examine the association between eHealth literacy and general health behavior (cigarette smoking, physical exercise, alcohol consumption, sleeping hours, eating breakfast, eating between meals, and balanced nutrition) among adult Internet users in Japan. The participants were recruited among registrants of a Japanese Internet research service company and asked to answer a cross-sectional Internet-based survey in 2012. The potential respondents (N=10,178) were randomly and blindly invited via email from the registrants in accordance with the set sample size and other attributes. eHealth literacy was assessed using the Japanese version of the eHealth Literacy Scale. The self-reported health behaviors investigated included never smoking cigarettes, physical exercise, alcohol consumption, sleeping hours, eating breakfast, not eating between meals, and balanced nutrition. We obtained details of sociodemographic attributes (sex, age, marital status, educational attainment, and household income level) and frequency of conducting Internet searches. To determine the association of each health behavior with eHealth literacy, we performed a logistic regression analysis; we adjusted for sociodemographic attributes and frequency of Internet searching as well as for other health behaviors that were statistically significant with respect to eHealth literacy in univariate analyses. We analyzed the data of 2115 adults (response rate: 24.04%, 2142/10,178; male: 49.74%, 1052/2115; age: mean 39.7, SD 10.9 years) who responded to the survey. Logistic regression analysis showed that individuals with high eHealth

Leadership of the Department of Epidemiology of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Its First Century.

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Celentano, David D

2016-03-01

This commentary reviews the contributions of each of the 7 Chairs of the Department of Epidemiology from the Department's inception in 1919 to the advent of the Centennial Celebration of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in 2016. The founding Chair, Wade Hampton Frost (1919-1938), was among the handful of foundational thinkers in the discipline of epidemiology. Kenneth Maxcy (1938-1954) and Philip Sartwell (1954-1970) oversaw the Department through the epidemiologic transition from a preponderance of morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases to a preponderance of noncommunicable diseases. Abraham Lilienfeld (1970-1975) and Leon Gordis (1975-1993) were perhaps best known for their mastery of teaching, influencing generations of both medical and public health students. Jonathan Samet (1994-2008) oversaw a major curriculum revision and expanded the Department significantly, and David Celentano (2008-) is working to rebalance the practice of epidemiology with the etiological foundations of epidemiology. All Chairs were a product of their times, and their research focus and portfolios influenced the direction of the Department. Future generations of Johns Hopkins students will be influenced directly or indirectly by the heritage of these Chairs' actions and those of their faculty. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Northeast China as a Contact Zone in Polish and Serbian Travelogues, 1900-1939

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Tomasz Ewertowski

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Northeast China as a Contact Zone in Polish and Serbian Travelogues, 1900-1939 Historically, Northeast China (Manchuria was a border zone between China and nomadic peoples, as well as between Russian and Qing empires since the 17th century. In the second half of the 19th century and in the first half of the 20th century, a number of factors (penetration by foreign powers, collapse of the Qing Empire, revolution in Russia, Japanese expansion and demographic changes transformed this area into “a contact zone” in the sense given by Mary Louise Pratt. The main focus of the article is the way in which this contact zone was described by Polish and Serbian travellers. Their can provide a special outlook, because Poland and Serbia did not participate extensively in the colonial penetration into China, however, Serbs and Poles travelled there, often representing Russian institutions. Therefore they were observing China as agents of imperial force, but they did not identify themselves fully with it. Our analysis of the image of Northeast China as a contact zone will be divided into three broad sections: 1 political and military expansion, 2 economic and demographic relations, 3 transcultural phenomena of everyday life.   Chiny Północno-Wschodnie jako strefa kontaktu w polskich i serbskich relacjach podróżniczych w latach 1900-1939 Północno-wschodnie Chiny (Mandżuria są historyczną granicą między Chinami a ludami wędrownymi, od siedemnastego wieku również między Rosją a imperium dynastii Qing. W drugiej połowie dziewiętnastego wieku, a zwłaszcza w pierwszej połowie dwudziestego szereg czynników (penetracja przez obce mocarstwa, upadek dynastii Qing, rewolucja w Rosji, ekspansja japońska i zmiany demograficzne uczyniły z tego obszaru „strefę kontaktu” w rozumieniu Mary Louise Pratt. Głównym tematem artykułu jest sposób opisu strefy kontaktu przez polskich i serbskich podróżników. Ich dzieła dają bowiem szczeg

How José Limón's Cultural Identity Influenced Three of His Choreographic Works: Danzas Mexicanas (1939), La Malinche (1949), and Missa Brevis (1958)

OpenAIRE

Lanuza, Celeste

2015-01-01

This research focuses on the life and work of José Limón, (1908-1972), one of the most influential figures in twentieth-century modern concert dance. The way in which his Mexican and immigrant heritage influenced his unique contribution to American modern dance will be discussed in relation to three of his works: Danzas Mexicanas (1939), La Malinche (1949), and Missa Brevis (1958). As a dancer of Mexican heritage, I seek to better understand my artistic path and potential through this study o...

Employee Health Behaviors, Self-Reported Health Status, and Association With Absenteeism: Comparison With the General Population.

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Yun, Young Ho; Sim, Jin Ah; Park, Eun-Gee; Park, June Dong; Noh, Dong-Young

2016-09-01

To perform a comparison between health behaviors and health status of employees with those of the general population, to evaluate the association between employee health behaviors, health status, and absenteeism. Cross-sectional study enrolled 2433 employees from 16 Korean companies in 2014, and recruited 1000 general population randomly in 2012. The distribution of employee health behaviors, health status, and association with absenteeism were assessed. Employees had significantly worse health status and low rates of health behaviors maintenance compared with the general population. Multiple logistic regression model revealed that regular exercise, smoking cessation, work life balance, proactive living, religious practice, and good physical health status were associated with lower absenteeism. Maintaining health behaviors and having good health status were associated with less absenteeism. This study suggests investment of multidimensional health approach in workplace health and wellness (WHW) programs.

El trabajo social en el barro de la historia : Estudio de los inicios del trabajo social forense en la provincia de Buenos Aires.1938-1940

OpenAIRE

Oliveras, María Isabel

2014-01-01

La tesis estudia las primeras prácticas del Trabajo Social en la Institución Judicial, ocurridas en el transcurso del año 1939, en el contexto social e histórico en que las mismas emergieron indagando sobre el ideario, la formación y las tensiones que los sujetos de esas prácticas llevaban como portadores de su tiempo; y del posicionamiento de la profesión en el ámbito del primer Tribunal de Menores de la Provincia de Bs As. El análisis de ese ciclo histórico, presenta, además de l...

Association of parental health literacy with oral health of Navajo Nation preschoolers

OpenAIRE

Brega, A. G.; Thomas, J. F.; Henderson, W. G.; Batliner, T. S.; Quissell, D. O.; Braun, P. A.; Wilson, A.; Bryant, L. L.; Nadeau, K. J.; Albino, J.

2015-01-01

Health literacy is ‘the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions’. Although numerous studies show a link between health literacy and clinical outcomes, little research has examined the association of health literacy with oral health. No large-scale studies have assessed these relationships among American Indians, a population at risk for limited health literacy and oral health problems. This analysis was condu...

Silvia Mistral, Constancia de la Mora y Dolores Martí: Relatos y memorias del exilio de 1939

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Domínguez Prats, Pilar

2012-12-01

Full Text Available This article discusses the autobiographical accounts of three Republican women from the first generation of Republican exiles, born between 1900 and 1910. The stories are those of Constancia de la Mora, Silvia Mistral and Dolores Martí, all written just following the Spanish Civil War, between 1939 and 1940, although for two of the authors this was the first stage of exile that finally took them on to Mexico. These accounts are examined within the framework of the socio-political context in which the authors lived during the first three decades of the twentieth century. The stories mix the personal and individual with the collective memory. The women harbour very contrary political views - communist and anarchist - within the Republican cause but the fact that they are women with a common plight helps to overcome these differences. The political nature of these narratives also provides a common theme, which forms a collective testimony in the Republican exile period.

Este artículo analiza las narraciones autobiográficas de tres mujeres republicanas, pertenecientes a la primera generación del exilio (nacidas entre 1900 y 1910. Se trata de los relatos de Constancia de la Mora, Silvia Mistral y Dolores Martí. Todos ellos tienen en común la circunstancia de haberse escrito en Francia entre 1939 y 1940, aunque para dos de las autoras esta fue la primera etapa del exilio que las llevó definitivamente a México. El análisis de los relatos se enmarca en el contexto sociopolítico en el que vivieron sus autoras en las tres primeras décadas del siglo XX. Aparece en ellos el fruto de una memoria personal e individual, pero insertada en la memoria colectiva de su grupo de referencia, el colectivo exiliado. Las autoras representan tendencias políticas opuestas dentro del bando republicano: el comunismo y el anarquismo, aunque su condición femenina y las circunstancias comunes que atraviesan matizan esas diferencias en sus relatos. El car

Motivations for health and their associations with lifestyle, work style, health, vitality, and employee productivity.

Science.gov (United States)

van Scheppingen, Arjella R; de Vroome, Ernest M M; ten Have, Kristin C J M; Zwetsloot, Gerard I J M; Bos, Ellen H; van Mechelen, Willem

2014-05-01

Investigate employees' underlying motivational regulatory styles toward healthy living and their associations with lifestyle, work style, health, vitality, and productivity. Regression analyses on cross-sectional data from Dutch employees (n = 629), obtained as baseline measurement before a workplace health promotion project. Controlled regulation was not associated with smoking and alcohol use, and negatively associated with physical activity, healthy dietary habits, relaxation, and a balanced work style. Autonomous regulation was positively associated with physical activity, healthy dietary habits, and relaxation, and negatively associated with smoking and alcohol use. Healthy lifestyle and work style were associated with perceived health and vitality, which in turn were associated with employees' productivity (absenteeism and presenteeism). Internalization of the value of health is important to promote a healthy lifestyle and work style among employees, and has meaningful business implications.

Mostrare e tutelare. Esposizioni, propaganda e conservazione nelle province di Como e Sondrio (1920-1938 / Exhibiting and protecting. Exhibitions, propaganda and conservation in the provinces of Como and Sondrio (1920-1938

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gianpaolo Angelini

2016-12-01

The great exhibition of Volta in 1899 and the exhibition of Ercole Ferrata and the Intelvesi masters held in Pellio in 1910 had the merit of focus the attention of scholars on a historical and artistic heritage still largely unexplored as warned Francesco Malaguzzi Valeri and Peter Toesca, engaged on the territory in cataloging campaigns and on the press in complaint action. After the end of World War I, in 1920, they were held exhibitions aimed to present to a wider audience the works of art admitted to wartime in warehouses set up in Rome and returned to their places of origin, under the guidance of Nello Tarchiani. This exhibition program had a dual purpose: on the one hand the public awareness towards heritage, on the other the celebration of victory, and the effectiveness of the protection measures implemented by the military command and the organs of the Ministry of Education. In this vein it is located, a few decades later, the publication of the Inventario degli oggetti d’arte della provincia di Sondrio, the ninth volume of a historic ministerial series, published in 1938. However, when that same year it was organized in Sondrio a big exhibition of painting and portrait from the XVth to the XIXth century, the intent were far from conservation and protection and turned to nationalistic propaganda. The article means to establish the mixed reception by scholars and the public, through the study of reviews and museographic programs, highlighting the connection with the activities of protection and cataloging in the territory and with the historical research.

Association between political ideology and health in Europe

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Subramanian, S.V.; Huijts, T.H.M.; Perkins, J.M.

2009-01-01

Studies have largely examined the association between political ideology and health at the aggregate/ecological level. Using individual-level data from 29 European countries, we investigated whether self-reports of political ideology and health are associated. In adjusted models, we found an inverse

Association between political ideology and health in Europe

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Subramanian, S.V.; Huijts, T.; Perkins, J.M.

2009-01-01

Studies have largely examined the association between political ideology and health at the aggregate/ ecological level. Using individual-level data from 29 European countries, we investigated whether self-reports of political ideology and health are associated. In adjusted models, we found an

Nuclear haematology

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Masjhur, J.S.

1992-01-01

Nuclear techniques have been applied to study diagnose and treat various haematological disorders for more than five decades. Two scientists are regarded as pioneers in this field, i.e. John Lawrence who in 1938 used 32 P to treat chronic myeloid leukaemia and George Hevessy who used 32 P labelled erythrocytes to measure blood volume in 1939. At present, many nuclear medicine procedures are available for diagnosis and therapy of a variety of haematological disorders. Although nuclear techniques are somewhat complex, they give direct and quantitative assessment of the kinetics of blood elements as compared to other non-isotopic haematological tests. Basically, equipment required for nuclear haematology is very simple such as well scintillation counters to measure radioactivity in blood samples. More sophisticated equipment like rectilinear scanner or gamma camera is required when imaging is necessary. An overview of the basic principles and clinical applications of nuclear haematology is given

Determinants of self-rated health: could health status explain the association between self-rated health and mortality?

Science.gov (United States)

Murata, Chiyoe; Kondo, Takaaki; Tamakoshi, Koji; Yatsuya, Hiroshi; Toyoshima, Hideaki

2006-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors related to self-rated health and to mortality among 2490 community-living elderly. Respondents were followed for 7.3 years for all-cause mortality. To compare the relative impact of each variable, we employed logistic regression analysis for self-rated health and Cox hazard analysis for mortality. Cox analysis stratified by gender, follow-up periods, age group, and functional status was also employed. Series of analysis found that factors associated with self-rated health and with mortality were not identical. Psychological factors such as perceived isolation at home or 'ikigai (one aspect of psychological well-being)' were associated with self-rated health only. Age, functional status, and social relations were associated both with self-rated health and mortality after controlling for possible confounders. Illnesses and functional status accounted for 35-40% of variances in the fair/poor self-rated health. Differences by gender and functional status were observed in the factors related to self-rated health. Overall, self-rated health effect on mortality was stronger for people with no functional impairment, for shorter follow-up period, and for young-old age group. Although, illnesses and functional status were major determinants of self-rated health, economical, psychological, and social factors were also related to self-rated health.

Perceived health and environment related factors associated with ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The most perceived health problems associated with urban agriculture were malaria, headache, and body pain, while unpleasant odor, air pollution from bush burning, and improper waste disposal are the most perceived health and environmental factors associated with urban agriculture. Chi square analysis revealed that ...

Undocumented migrants have diverse health problems

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ehmsen, Boje Kvorning; Biswas, Dan; Jensen, Natasja Koitszch

2014-01-01

on the International Classification of Primary Care, 2nd Edition (ICPC-2). RESULTS: A total of 830 patients (39.75% women and 60.25% men) visited the clinic, which led to a total of 2,088 visits and 1,384 ICPC-2 classifications. The patients seen had 94 different nationalities. The most common reasons for medical......INTRODUCTION: In 2008, 1.9-3.8 million undocumented migrants lived in Europe. We aimed to strengthen the evidence base on undocumented migrants' health problems by describing characteristics of undocumented migrant patients in a Danish non-governmental organisation (NGO) health clinic. MATERIAL...... contact correspond well with the pattern seen in general practice and several chronic and severe cases were observed in the NGO clinic. Furthermore, a larger share of pregnant women presented (11.6%) compared with a Danish general practice (5.1%), and these were seen first in a late gestational age...

e-Health and new moms: Contextual factors associated with sources of health information.

Science.gov (United States)

Walker, Lorraine O; Mackert, Michael S; Ahn, Jisoo; Vaughan, Misha W; Sterling, Bobbie S; Guy, Sarah; Hendrickson, Sherry

2017-11-01

Guided by the Uses and Gratifications approach, to examine mothers' use and preference of e-Health media, and associated contextual factors. Cross-sectional survey of 165 mothers (White, African-American, and Hispanic) from a stratified random sample. Use of online media about mother-baby care; favorite websites about motherhood and best-liked features of Web sites; channel preferences (Web site, postal mail, text) for receiving three types of health information; and contextual factors, e.g., education. Media use ranged from 96% for health information searches about babies to 46% for YouTube viewing about mother-baby topics. Contextual factors, such as education, were associated with media use. Babycenter was the most frequently reported favorite Web site and rich, relevant information was the best-liked feature. Across three health topics (weight, stress/depression, parenting) mothers preferred receiving information by Web site, followed by postal mail and least by text messaging (χ 2 statistics, p < .001). Stress and race/ethnicity were among factors associated with preferences. Mothers widely used e-Health related media, but use was associated with contextual factors. In public health efforts to reach new mothers, partnering with mother-favored Web sites, focusing on audience-relevant media, and adopting attributes of successful sites are recommended strategies. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Paříž ve francouzských, českých a amerických turistických průvodcích (1918-1939)

OpenAIRE

Rudová, Lenka

2016-01-01

in English This Master's Thesis deals with guidebooks about Paris published in France, Czechoslovakia and the United States of America between the years 1918-1939. It analyses how the French capital city is presented in the guidebooks and how far the representation differs according to the country of publishing. The first two chapters deal with the modern history of tourism up until the interwar period and with the formation of major collections of guidebooks. The following chapters use a com...

Quality of the relationship between origin of childhood perception of attachment and outcome of attachment associated with diagnosis of PTSD in adult Finnish war children and Finnish combat veterans from World War II (1939-1945) - DSM-IV applications of the attachment theory.

Science.gov (United States)

Andersson, Pentti Kalevi

2015-06-01

Using diagnoses exclusively, comparable evaluations of the empirical evidence relevant to the content can be made. The term holocaust survivor syndrome according to the DSM-IV classification encompasses people with diagnoses of posttraumatic stress disorders and psychopathological symptoms exposed to the Nazi genocide from 1933-1945 identified by Natan Kellermann, AMCHA, Israel (1999). The relationships between disorders of affectionate parenting and the development of dysfunctional models on one hand, and various psychopathological disorders on the other hand were investigated. Multi-axial assessment based on PTSD diagnosis (APA, 2000) with DSM-IV classification criteria of holocaust survivor syndrome and child survivor syndrome earlier found in holocaust survivors was used as criteria for comparison among Finnish sub-populations. Symptoms similar to those previously described in association with holocaust survivor syndrome and child survivor syndrome were found in the population of Finnish people who had been displaced as children between 1939-1945. Complex PTSD syndrome is found among survivors of prolonged or repeated trauma who have coping strategies intended to assist their mental survival. Surviving Finnish child evacuees had symptoms at similar level to those reported among holocaust survivors, though Finnish combat veterans exhibited good mental adjustment with secure attachment.

Adequate sleep among adolescents is positively associated with health status and health-related behaviors

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jeng Yi-Jong

2006-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Amount of sleep is an important indicator of health and well-being in children and adolescents. Adequate sleep (AS: adequate sleep is defined as 6–8 hours per night regularly is a critical factor in adolescent health and health-related behaviors. The present study was based on a health promotion project previously conducted on adolescents in Tao-Yuan County, Taiwan. The aim was to examine the relationship between AS during schooldays and excessive body weight, frequency of visiting doctors and health-related behaviors among Taiwanese adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study design, categorical and multivariate data analyses were used. The hypotheses investigated were: high frequency of AS is positively associated with lack of obesity and less frequent visits to doctors; and high frequency AS is positively associated with health-related behavior. Results A total of 656 boys (53.2% and girls (46.8%, ranging in age from 13–18 years were studied between January and June 2004. Three hundred and fifty seven subjects (54% reported that they slept less than the suggested 6–8 hours on schooldays. A significant negative association was found between low sleep and of the following health-related behaviors: (1 life appreciation; (2 taking responsibility for health; (3 adopting healthy diet; (4 effective stress management; (5 regular exercise; and (6 total AHP score. High frequency AS was associated with low frequencies of obesity after potential confounding factors were controlled. Junior high school adolescents reported significantly higher frequencies of AS than high school participants. Gender, family structure, home location and frequency of television watching or computer use were not significantly associated with AS. Conclusion These findings support the proposition that AS is associated with good health status and high-frequency adoption of health-related behavior. Furthermore, these findings suggest that inadequate

Slimness is associated with greater intercourse and lesser masturbation frequency.

Science.gov (United States)

Brody, Stuart

2004-01-01

I examined the relationship of recalled and diary recorded frequency of penile-vaginal intercourse (FSI), noncoital partnered sexual activity, and masturbation to measured waist and hip circumference in 120 healthy adults aged 19-38. Slimmer waist (in men and in the sexes combined) and slimmer hips (in men and women) were associated with greater FSI. Slimmer waist and hips were associated with rated importance of intercourse for men. Noncoital partnered sexual activity had a less consistent association with slimness. Slimmer waist and hips were associated with less masturbation (in men and in the sexes combined). I discuss the results in terms of differences between different sexual behaviors, attractiveness, emotional relatedness, physical sensitivity, sexual dysfunction, sociobiology, psychopharmacological aspects of excess fat and carbohydrate consumption, and implications for sex therapy.

Some new species of Caryospora (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae from brazilian snakes, and a re-description of C. jararacae Carini, 1939

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ralph Lainson

1991-09-01

Full Text Available The mature ooxysts of six new species of Caryospora are described from the faeces of Brazilian snakes. They are differentiated from other species previously recorded from reptiles, largely on the size and shape of the oocyst and sporocyst, structure of the oocyst wall, and presence or absence of a polar body. C. paraensis n. sp., and C. carajasensis n. sp., are from the "false coral", Oxyrhopus petola digitalis; C. pseustesi n. sp., from the "egg-eater", Pseustes sulphureus sulphureus; C. epicratesi n. sp., from the "red boa", Epicrates cenchria cenchria; and C. micruri n. sp., and C. constancieae n. sp., from the "coral snake", Micrurus spixii spixii. A re-description is given of C. jararacae Carini, 1939, from the "jararaca" Bothrops atrox, embodying some additional morphological features.

Schmidt, Elizabeth. – Mobilizing the Masses : Gender, Ethnicity and Class in the Nationalist Movement in Guinea, 1939-1958

OpenAIRE

Barthélémy, Pascale

2008-01-01

En septembre 1958, la Guinée refuse par référendum l’adhésion à la Communauté française proposée par la France à ses territoires africains. L’historienne américaine E. Schmidt étudie les vingt années qui ont précédé ce vote historique (1939-1958) et propose une analyse novatrice du mouvement nationaliste qui fit de la Guinée le premier pays francophone d’Afrique de l’Ouest à obtenir son indépendance, un an après le Ghana de Kwame N’Krumah. Cette histoire est déclinée en sept chapitres. L’aute...

Sedentary Behavior and Sleep Duration Are Associated with Both Stress Symptoms and Suicidal Thoughts in Korean Adults.

Science.gov (United States)

An, Keun Ok; Jang, Jae Yong; Kim, Junghoon

2015-12-01

Prolonged sedentary time and sleep deprivation are associated with mental health problems such as depression and stress symptoms. Moreover, mental illness is linked with suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts. However, it is not clear whether sedentary time and sleep duration are associated with stress symptoms and suicidal thoughts independent of physical activity. Thus, our study aimed to identify if sedentary time and sleep duration were associated with both stress symptoms and suicidal thoughts. The participants in present cross-sectional study were 4,674 general Korean adults (1,938 male; 2,736 female), aged ≥ 20 years. Prolonged sedentary time (≥ 420 min/day) was significantly associated with the increased risk of stress symptoms (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.04-1.62) compared with sedentary time of stress symptoms was significant for individuals who had ≤ 5 h/day of sleep time (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.48-2.38) compared with sleep duration of ≥ 7 h/day. Moreover, prolonged sedentary time (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.01-2.42 in ≥ 420 min/day vs. sleep duration (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.17-2.62 in ≤ 5 h/day vs. ≥ 7 h/day) were significantly associated with an increased risk for suicidal thoughts after adjusting for confounding factors including physical activity. Thus, prolonged sedentary time and sleep deprivation are independently associated with both the risk of stress symptoms and suicidal thoughts. From a public health perspective, reducing sedentary time and improvement of sleep deprivation may serve as an effective strategy for preventing mental illness.

[Neurological changes related to malnutrition during the spanish civil war (1936-1939)].

Science.gov (United States)

Culebras, Jesús M

2014-04-01

In this lecture, given at the International Conferences on Neuroscience, in Quito, May 31st-June 1st of 2013, the topic of famine situations during the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939, was approached. Madrid, the capital of Spain, was under food, water and milk rationing during that period. This situation led to conditions that showed the relationships between the nervous system and nutrition. The Madrilenian population was submitted to a real experiment of hyponutrition, similar to the one that may be reproduced at the laboratory. At the end of the war, the National Direction on Health and the Institute of Medical Investigations, with the collaboration of the Rockefeller Foundation, carried out a series of clinical and food consumption surveys among the Madrilenian population. There were three medical situations that were of particular relevance during the Civil War and after it: the pellagra epidemics, the onset of lathyrism, and the socalled Vallecas syndrome. The occurrence of pellagra cases was paramount because it allowed reconsidering all the unspecific symptoms observed from an already known vitamin deficiency. Pellagra became the most prevalent deficitrelated disease, and most clearly related to nutrition. Lathyrism is a chronic intoxication produced by the accumulation of neurotoxins. It is due to common intake of chickling peas (Lathyrus sativus). Chickling peas are toxic only if they represent more than 30% of the daily calories consumed for a prolonged period greater than two to three months. Lathyrism would reoccur in the Spanish population after the war, in 1941 and 1942, the so called "famine years", when due to the scarcity of foods chickling pea flour was again consumed in high amounts. Deficiency-related neuropathies observed in Madrid during the Civil War led to new and original clinical descriptions. In children from schools of the Vallecas neighborhood, a deficiency syndrome, likely related to vitamin B complex deficiency, was described, which

Family characteristics and parents' and children's health behaviour are associated with public health nurses' concerns at children's health examinations.

Science.gov (United States)

Poutiainen, Hannele; Hakulinen, Tuovi; Mäki, Päivi; Laatikainen, Tiina

2016-12-01

The study aimed to establish whether family characteristics and the health behaviour and illnesses of parents and children are associated with public health nurses' (PHNs') concerns about children's physical health and psychosocial development in the context of health examinations. Factors affecting children's health and well-being should be identified as early as possible to provide children and families appropriate support. In 2007-2009, a cross-sectional study in Finland collected information about PHNs' concerns, children's health and well-being as well as the background factors affecting them during health examinations of preschool-age children and school-aged children (n = 4795). Associations between family characteristics, parents' and children's behaviour and diseases, and PHNs' concerns were assessed using logistic regression analysis. Overweight in children, the long-term illnesses of both children and parents, and parental smoking were the factors most strongly associated with PHNs' concerns about a child's physical health whereas non-nuclear family types, the father's low educational level and unemployment, the child's lack of sleep, and bullying were associated with concerns about the child's psychosocial development. The connections found demonstrate that health examinations should address factors that affect the whole family's well-being so as to comprehensively promote children's health, growth and development. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

Is Healthier Nutrition Behaviour Associated with Better Self-Reported Health and Less Health Complaints?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ansari, Walid El; Suominen, Sakari; Berg-Beckhoff, Gabriele

2015-01-01

(sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating. Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential...... associated with a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks and a lower adherence to dietary guidelines. More healthy nutrition behaviour was consistently associated with better self-reported health and less health complaints. Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary...

Obituary: Dipak Basu (1939-2011)

Science.gov (United States)

Basu, Joydeep

2011-12-01

Dipak Basu was born in Dhaka in 1939, during a tumultuous period of history in what was then undivided India. During the partition of the country at independence from Britain, he and his family fled the internecine violence as refugees, with only the proverbial clothes on their backs, eventually settling in Kolkata, West Bengal. Being interested in the physical sciences from an early age, Dipak spent his student years at the University of Kolkata, achieving his PhD in physics in 1967. During this time, Dipak was also actively involved in the promotion of science to the broader Bengali community, and played a leading role in the amateur scientific society founded by S.N. Bose (of Bose-Einstein statistics fame). He then came to Ottawa as a post-doctoral fellow in radio astronomy with what is currently the NRC's Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, where he worked with Art Covington's solar flux monitoring group from 1967 to 1969. He remained interested in solar studies throughout his entire career. It is at this time that he also developed a keen interest in quasars (QSOs) which had only recently been discovered and whose red-shifts had been suggested by some to show evidence of quantization. Throughout his career he published several papers attempting to prove there was no valid evidence to support this suggestion. Dipak became Assistant Professor shortly thereafter in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at MacKenzie University in Sao Paulo, Brazil in 1970. He then joined the Department of Physics at the University of the West Indies in Trinidad in 1978. There, he achieved tenure and founded and led the Astronomy Group and spent the major part of his professional academic life. A dedicated teacher, Dipak taught a variety of undergraduate and doctoral level courses in fields ranging from electronics, radio astronomy and astrophysics to electronics, optics, thermodynamics and applied mathematics. Dipak returned to Ottawa in 1995. He continued to be fully engaged in

Recession contributes to slowest annual rate of increase in health spending in five decades.

Science.gov (United States)

Martin, Anne; Lassman, David; Whittle, Lekha; Catlin, Aaron

2011-01-01

In 2009, US health care spending grew 4.0 percent--a historically low rate of annual increase--to $2.5 trillion, or $8,086 per person. Despite the slower growth, the share of the gross domestic product devoted to health spending increased to 17.6 percent in 2009 from 16.6 percent in 2008. The growth rate of health spending continued to outpace the growth of the overall economy, which experienced its largest drop since 1938. The recession contributed to slower growth in private health insurance spending and out-of-pocket spending by consumers, as well as a reduction in capital investments by health care providers. The recession also placed increased burdens on households, businesses, and governments, which meant that fewer financial resources were available to pay for health care. Declining federal revenues and strong growth in federal health spending increased the health spending share of total federal revenue from 37.6 percent in 2008 to 54.2 percent in 2009.

Does the Perception that Stress Affects Health Matter? The Association with Health and Mortality

Science.gov (United States)

Keller, Abiola; Litzelman, Kristin; Wisk, Lauren E.; Maddox, Torsheika; Cheng, Erika Rose; Creswell, Paul D.; Witt, Whitney P.

2012-01-01

Objective This study sought to examine the relationship among the amount of stress, the perception that stress affects health, and health and mortality outcomes in a nationally-representative sample of U.S. adults. Methods Data from the 1998 National Health Interview Survey were linked to prospective National Death Index mortality data through 2006. Separate logistic regression models were used to examine the factors associated with current health status and psychological distress. Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the impact of perceiving that stress affects health on all-cause mortality. Each model specifically examined the interaction between the amount of stress and the perception that stress affects health, controlling for sociodemographic, health behavior, and access to healthcare factors. Results 33.7% of nearly 186 million (n=28,753) U.S. adults perceived that stress affected their health a lot or to some extent. Both higher levels of reported stress and the perception that stress affects health were independently associated with an increased likelihood of worse health and mental health outcomes. The amount of stress and the perception that stress affects health interacted such that those who reported a lot of stress and that stress impacted their health a lot had a 43% increased risk of premature death (HR = 1.43, 95% CI [1.20, 1.71]). Conclusions High amounts of stress and the perception that stress impacts health are each associated with poor health and mental health. Individuals who perceived that stress affects their health and reported a large amount of stress had an increased risk of premature death. PMID:22201278

[Factors associated with the use of dental health services].

Science.gov (United States)

Dho, María Silvina

2018-02-01

This paper seeks to analyze the factors associated with the use of dental health services (UDHS) by adults in the city of Corrientes, Argentina. A cross-sectional study was conducted. Information concerning the study variables was collected via a home survey. The sample size was established with a 95% confidence interval level (381 individuals). A simple random sampling design was used, which was complemented with a non-probability quota sampling. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 and Epidat version 3.1 softwares. Socio-economic level, dental health coverage, perception of oral health care, perception of oral health, knowledge about oral health, and oral hygiene habits were significantly associated with the UDHS over the last twelve months. These same factors, excluding dental health coverage and knowledge about oral health, were associated with the UDHS for routine dental check-ups. Measures should be implemented to increase the UDHS for prevention purposes in men and women of all socio-economic levels, particularly in less-privileged individuals.

Abocats a viure a la llera del riu: el problema de l’infrahabitatge a Sabadell, 1939-1970. De l’habitatge protegit al negoci immobiliari

OpenAIRE

Masjuan, Eduard

2015-01-01

En aquesta recerca es pretén mostrar com el dèficit crònic d’habitatge en una ciutat industrial com Sabadell de 1939 a 1970 tingué en les riuades de 1962 el motiu per consolidar les patologies del creixement desregulat dels anys anteriors, i aprofundir així en un model urbà invertebrat que donarà lloc a una difusió suburbial dins la perifèria de Barcelona. Es mostra com els poders econòmics de l’època franquista supeditaren tot intent d’urbanisme al servei de les persones a l’especulació d...

Associations between adult attachment and: oral health-related quality of life, oral health behaviour, and self-rated oral health.

Science.gov (United States)

Meredith, Pamela; Strong, Jenny; Ford, Pauline; Branjerdporn, Grace

2016-02-01

Although adult attachment theory has been revealed as a useful theoretical framework for understanding a range of health parameters, the associations between adult attachment patterns and a range of oral health parameters have not yet been examined. The aim of this study was to examine potential associations between attachment insecurity and: (1) oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), (2) oral health behaviours, and (3) self-rated oral health. In association with this aim, sample characteristics were compared with normative data. The sample in this cross-sectional study was comprised of 265 healthy adults, recruited via convenience sampling. Data were collected on attachment patterns (Experiences in Close Relationships Scale-Short Form, ECR-S), OHRQoL (Oral Health Impact Profile-14, OHIP-14), oral health behaviours (modified Dental Neglect Scale, m-DNS), and self-rated oral health (one-item global rating of oral health). Multivariate regression models were performed. Both dimensions of attachment insecurity were associated with lowered use of favourable dental visiting behaviours, as well as decreased OHRQoL for both overall well-being and specific aspects of OHRQoL. Attachment avoidance was linked with diminished self-rated oral health. This study supports the potential value of an adult attachment framework for understanding a range of oral health parameters. The assessment of a client's attachment pattern may assist in the identification of people who are at risk of diminished OHRQoL, less adaptive dental visiting behaviours, or poorer oral health. Further research in this field may inform ways in which attachment approaches can enhance oral health-related interventions.

Annotated catalogue of the Tachinidae (Insecta, Diptera) of the Afrotropical Region, with the description of seven new genera

Science.gov (United States)

O’Hara, James E.; Cerretti, Pierfilippo

2016-01-01

scapularis Villeneuve, 1944, preoccupied in the genus Cylindromyia Meigen, 1803 by Ocyptera scapularis Loew, 1845, nom. n.; Phytomyptera longiarista O’Hara & Cerretti for Phytomyzoneura aristalis Villeneuve, 1936, preoccupied in the genus Phytomyptera Rondani, 1845 by Phasiostoma aristalis Townsend, 1915, nom. n.; and Siphona (Siphona) pretoriana O’Hara & Cerretti for Siphona laticornis Curran, 1941, preoccupied in the genus Siphona Meigen, 1803 by Actia laticornis Malloch, 1930, nom. n. New type species fixations are made under the provisions of Article 70.3.2 of the ICZN Code for two genus-group names: Lydellina Villeneuve, 1916, type species newly fixed as Lydellina villeneuvei Townsend, 1933 (valid genus name); and Sericophoromyia Austen, 1909, type species newly fixed as Tachina quadrata Wiedemann, 1830 (synonym of Winthemia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830). Lectotypes are designated for the following nine nominal species based on examination of one or more syntypes of each: Degeeria crocea Villeneuve, 1950; Degeeria semirufa Villeneuve, 1950; Erycia brunnescens Villeneuve, 1934; Exorista oculata Villeneuve, 1910; Kiniatilla tricincta Villeneuve, 1938; Myxarchiclops caffer Villeneuve, 1916; Ocyptera linearis Villeneuve, 1936; Peristasisea luteola Villeneuve, 1934; and Phorocera crassipalpis Villeneuve, 1938. The following four genus-group names that were previously treated as junior synonyms or subgenera are recognized as valid generic names: Bogosiella Villeneuve, 1923, status revived; Dyshypostena Villeneuve, 1939, status revived; Perlucidina Mesnil, 1952, status revived; and Thelymyiops Mesnil, 1950, status n. The following six species-group names that were previously treated as junior synonyms are recognized as valid species names: Besseria fossulata Bezzi, 1908, status revived; Degeeria cinctella Villeneuve, 1950, status revived (as Medina cinctella (Villeneuve)); Nemoraea miranda intacta Villeneuve, 1916, status revived (as Nemoraea intacta Villeneuve); Succingulum

The Case of the Suzhou Hospital of National Medicine (1939-41): War, Medicine, and Eastern Civilization.

Science.gov (United States)

Daidoji, Keiko; Karchmer, Eric I

2017-06-01

This article explores the founding of the Suzhou Hospital of National Medicine in 1939 during the Japanese occupation of Suzhou. We argue that the hospital was the culmination of a period of rich intellectual exchange between traditional Chinese and Japanese physicians in the early twentieth century and provides important insights into the modern development of medicine in both countries. The founding of this hospital was followed closely by leading Japanese Kampo physicians. As the Japanese empire expanded into East Asia, they hoped that they could revitalize their profession at home by disseminating their unique interpretations of the famous Treatise on Cold Damage abroad. The Chinese doctors that founded the Suzhou Hospital of National Medicine were close readers of Japanese scholarship on the Treatise and were inspired to experiment with a Japanese approach to diagnosis, based on new interpretations of the concept of "presentation" ( shō / zheng ). Unfortunately, the Sino-Japanese War cut short this fascinating dialogue on reforming medicine and set the traditional medicine professions in both countries on new nationalist trajectories.

âThe Limoeiro of Educationâ â The history of dioceseâs criation and educational action of Dom Aureliano Matos in Limoeiro do Norte (1938-1968).

OpenAIRE

Raimundo Elmo de Paula Vasconcelos JÃnior

2006-01-01

O processo de centralizaÃÃo do comando da Igreja CatÃlica na Santa SÃ em Roma, principalmente depois da ProclamaÃÃo da RepÃblica em 1889 e o tÃrmino do Padroado no Brasil, viabilizaram a criaÃÃo de mais dioceses no territÃrio nacional, possibilitando uma melhor administraÃÃo da provÃncia eclesiÃstica brasileira. Processo este, denominado de RomanizaÃÃo. Dentro desta perspectiva, em 1938, foi criada mais uma diocese no CearÃ. A histÃria da criaÃÃo e da escolha do municÃpio de Limoeiro do Norte...

Associations between Indigenous Australian oral health literacy and self-reported oral health outcomes

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Jamieson Lisa M

2010-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Objectives To determine oral health literacy (REALD-30 and oral health literacy-related outcome associations, and to calculate if oral health literacy-related outcomes are risk indicators for poor self-reported oral health among rural-dwelling Indigenous Australians. Methods 468 participants (aged 17-72 years, 63% female completed a self-report questionnaire. REALD-30 and oral health literacy-related outcome associations were determined through bivariate analysis. Multivariate modelling was used to calculate risk indicators for poor self-reported oral health. Results REALD-30 scores were lower among those who believed teeth should be infrequently brushed, believed cordial was good for teeth, did not own a toothbrush or owned a toothbrush but brushed irregularly. Tooth removal risk indicators included being older, problem-based dental attendance and believing cordial was good for teeth. Poor self-rated oral health risk indicators included being older, healthcare card ownership, difficulty paying dental bills, problem-based dental attendance, believing teeth should be brushed infrequently and irregular brushing. Perceived need for dental care risk indicators included being female and problem-based dental attendance. Perceived gum disease risk indicators included being older and irregular brushing. Feeling uncomfortable about oro-facial appearance risk indicators included problem-based dental attendance and irregular brushing. Food avoidance risk indicators were being female, difficulty paying dental bills, problem-based dental attendance and irregular brushing. Poor oral health-related quality of life risk indicators included difficulty paying dental bills and problem-based dental attendance. Conclusions REALD-30 was significantly associated with oral health literacy-related outcomes. Oral health literacy-related outcomes were risk indicators for each of the poor self-reported oral health domains among this marginalised population.

Using public relations to promote health: a framing analysis of public relations strategies among health associations.

Science.gov (United States)

Park, Hyojung; Reber, Bryan H

2010-01-01

This study explored health organizations' public relations efforts to frame health issues through their press releases. Content analysis of 316 press releases from three health organizations-the American Heart Association, the American Cancer Society, and the American Diabetes Association-revealed that they used the medical research frame most frequently and emphasized societal responsibility for health issues. There were differences, however, among the organizations regarding the main frames and health issues: the American Diabetes Association was more likely to focus on the issues related to social support and education, while the American Heart Association and the American Cancer Society were more likely to address medical research and scientific news. To demonstrate their initiatives for public health, all the organizations employed the social support/educational frame most frequently. Researchers and medical doctors frequently were quoted as trusted sources in the releases.

Great Excavations: Tales of Early Southwestern Archaeology, 1888-1939, School of American Research Press, 1995

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Stephen E. Nash

1997-05-01

Full Text Available Great Excavations: Tales of Early Southwestern Archaeology, 1 888-1939, is an "intentionally selective" account of eight major archaeological expeditions to the Southwest in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It succeeds in achieving the goals set forth in the prologue. The reader is taken on an "armchair tour"  of early Southwestern excavations in the hope that the resulting "basic understanding of what the early archae­ologists did" will stimulate a desire to "learn more about the intriguing prehistory of the Southwest" (pp. xiii. As a student of the history of North American archaeology, I would be amiss to speak for Elion's "layperson" audience, but my suspicion is that her presentation will indeed stimulate those readers. As an archaeologist, I thoroughly enjoyed this book, and it may well be that Elliott's journalistic approach makes this book more enjoyable because she is able to remain above the level of detail that often burden archaeolo­gists' accounts of these expeditions. I must temper this statement by noting that Elliott's journalistic hyper­ bole and tendency to oversimplify complex research and analysis are at times discomforting.

The Associations Among Individual Factors, eHealth Literacy, and Health-Promoting Lifestyles Among College Students.

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Yang, Shu-Ching; Luo, Yi-Fang; Chiang, Chia-Hsun

2017-01-10

eHealth literacy is gaining importance for maintaining and promoting health. Studies have found that individuals with high eHealth literacy are more likely to adopt healthy eating, exercise, and sleep behaviors. In addition, previous studies have shown that various individual factors (eg, frequency of seeking information on health issues, degree of health concern, frequency of eating organic food, and students' college major) are associated with eHealth literacy and health-promoting lifestyles. Nevertheless, few studies have explored the associations among individual factors, eHealth literacy, and health-promoting lifestyles among college students. Moreover, there is a lack of studies that focus on eHealth literacy as a predictor of psychological health behaviors. To examine the associations among various individual factors, eHealth literacy, and health-promoting lifestyles. The eHealth Literacy Scale is a 12-item instrument designed to measure college students' functional, interactive, and critical eHealth literacy. The Health-promoting Lifestyle Scale is a 23-item instrument developed to measure college students' self-actualization, health responsibility, interpersonal support, exercise, nutrition, and stress management. A nationally representative sample of 556 valid college students in Taiwan was surveyed. A questionnaire was administered to gather the respondents' background information, including the frequency of seeking information on health issues, the frequency of eating organic food, the degree of health concern, and the students' major. We then conducted a multiple regression analysis to examine the associations among individual factors, eHealth literacy, and health-promoting lifestyles. The study found that factors such as medical majors (t 550 =2.47-7.55, PeHealth literacy. Moreover, critical eHealth literacy positively predicted all 6 health-promoting lifestyle dimensions (t 547 =2.66-7.28, PeHealth literacy, and had a positive health

78 FR 56711 - Health Insurance Exchanges; Application by the Accreditation Association for Ambulatory Health...

Science.gov (United States)

2013-09-13

... DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services [CMS-9953-PN] Health Insurance Exchanges; Application by the Accreditation Association for Ambulatory Health Care To Be... Federal Register announcing the result of our determination. (Health Insurance Exchanges; Application by...

A report upon the Grand Coulee Fish Maintenance Project 1939-1947

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Fish, F.F.; Hanavan, Mitchell G.

1948-01-01

The construction or Grand Coulee Dam, on the upper Columbia River, involved the loss of 1,140 lineal miles of spawning and rearing stream to the production of anadromous fishes. The fact that the annual value of these fish runs to the nation was estimated at $250,000 justified reasonable expenditures to assure their perpetuation. It was found economically infeasible to safely collect and pass adult fish upstream and fingerling fish downstream at the dam because of the tremendous flow of the river and the 320 foot vertical difference in elevation between forebay and tailrace.The Grand Coulee Fish-Maintenance Project, undertaken by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service in 1939, consisted in relocating the anadroumous runs of the upper Columbia River to four major tributaries entering below the Grand Coulee damsite. These streams were believed capable of supporting several times their existing, badly depleted, run. The plan was predicated upon the assumption that the relocated runs, in conformity with their "homing tendency", would return to the lower tributaries rather than attempt to reach their ancestral spawning grounds above Grand Coulee Dam. This interim report covers the history and accomplishments of the Grand Coulee Fish-Maintenance Project through the initial period of relocating the rune as well as the first four years of the permanent program. Results obtained to date indicate conclusive success in diverting the upper Columbia fish runs into the accessible lower tributaries. The results also indicate, less conclusively, that - in spite of many existing handicaps - the upper Columbia salmon and steelhead runs may be rehabilitated through the integrated program of natural and artificial propagation incorporated in the Grand Coulee Fish-Maintenance Project.

The association of health management with the health of elderly people.

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Nakanishi, N; Tatara, K; Takashima, Y; Fujiwara, H; Takamori, Y; Takabayashi, H; Scott, R

1995-07-01

To assess the effect of health management on the health of a community-based sample of people aged 65 years and over, a cross-sectional survey was carried out of 1491 people aged 65 years and over (22.3%) randomly drawn from the computerized age-sex register in Settsu City, Osaka. A total of 1473 people were contacted and complete responses were obtained from 1383 of these (a response rate of 93.9%). The proportion of the sample who had been receiving regular health checks or had been taking care of their health decreased with a decline in Activities of Daily Living (ADL). This trend was more pronounced among the younger subjects aged 65-74 years. For disability, those who had been receiving regular health checks had lower overall severity scores in both the 65-74 years and 75 years and over age groups. There were no significant differences in the severity scores for those practising health maintenance (watching diet and exercise) in both age groups, but those practising health maintenance tended to have less disability. The percentage of those who were socially active and thought life worth living also decreased with the decline in ADL for both age groups. These psycho-social factors were also associated with a lower overall severity score. A multiple linear regression analysis showed that health checks, social activity and the presence of aspects of life subjectively evaluated as making it worth living (Ikigai) were shown to have statistically significant negative associations with disability when other factors were controlled for.

History of the Botanic Garden of the Stefan Batory University in Vilna (Vilnius (1919–1939 (in Polish

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Alicja Zemanek

2016-11-01

Full Text Available The university in Vilna (Lithuanian: Vilnius, now Vilniaus universitetas, founded in 1579 by Stefan Batory (Stephen Báthory, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, was a centre of Polish botany in 1780-1832 and 1919-1939. The Botanic Garden established by Jean-Emmanuel Gilibert (1741–1814 in 1781 (or, actually, from 1782 survived the loss of independence by Poland (1795, and a later closure of the University (1832, and it continued to function until 1842, when it was shut down by Russian authorities. After Poland had regained independence and the University was reopened as the Stefan Batory University (SBU, its Botanic Garden was established on a new location (1919, active since 1920. It survived as a Polish institution until 1939. After the Second World War, as a result of changed borders, it found itself in the Soviet Union, and from 1990 – in the Republic of Lithuania. A multidisciplinary research project has been recently launched with the aim to create a publication on the history of science at the Stefan Batory University. The botanical part of the project includes, among others, drafting the history of the Botanic Garden. Obtaining electronic copies of archival documents, e.g. annual reports written by the directors, enabled a more thorough analysis of the Garden’s history. Piotr Wiśniewski (1884–1971, a plant physiologist, nominated as Professor in the Department of General Botany on 1 June 1920, was the organiser and the first director of the Garden. He resigned from his post in October 1923, due to financial problems of the Garden. From October 1923 to April 1924, the management was run by the acting director, Edward Bekier (1883–1945, Professor in the Department of Physical Chemistry, Dean of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences. For 13 subsequent years, i.e. from 1 May 1924 to 30 April 1937, the directorship of the Garden was held by Józef Trzebiński (1867–1941, a mycologist and one of the pioneers of

THE RIGIDITY OF THE EARTH'S INNER CORE

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K. E. BULLEN

1953-06-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this paper is to examine and assess, in the
light of recent evidence, the theory lliat the Earth's inner core has
a significant rigidity.
The presenee of an inner core in the Earth is revealed from
observations of the seismie pliase PKP in the « sliadow zone » for
which the epicentral distance A lies in the range 105" < A < 143".
Miss I. Lehmann (r in 1936, followed by Gutenberg and Richter (2
in 1938, atlrihuted these observations to tlie presence of an inner
core; and Jeffreys (3 in 1939 applied Airy's theory of diffraetion
near a caustic to sliow that the alternative theory of diffraetion
round the outer boundary of the centrai core was not capable of
explaining tlie observations in the shadow zone. The existence of the
inner core has been fairly generallv accepted sinee tliis ealculation
of Jeffreys.

Maestros y textos en Argentina: el lugar en la enseñanza escolar de lenguas extranjeras, entre 1880 y 1930 = Professores e textos na Argentina: o lugar no ensino escolar de línguas estrangeiras entre 1880 e 1930 = Teachers and texts in Argentina: the teaching of foreign languages in the school system between eighteen eighty and ninteen thirty

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Morales, Gladys

2014-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo apresenta as diversas vozes que, entre 1880 e 1939, constituiram, na Argentina, a formação discursiva sobre o que significa ser professor/a de línguas estrangeiras. Destaca-se a imagen do/a professor/a solicitada na escola, o lugar do livro didático como dispositivo de visibilidade dos ideais daquela época. Nesse sentido, apresenta-se uma contextualização histórica, analisam-se documentos autênticos desse período com a finalidade de indagar o lugar concedido à escola, ao/à professor/a de língua estrangeira e ao livro didático. Os livros analisados foram editados na Argentina e levados para as aulas a partir de 1938 aproximadamente. A análise faz visíveis três topos discursivos: ordem, tranqüilidade e pulcritude, fortemente entrelaçados entre eles, seguindo o ideário daquela época

THE STUDY AND TREATMENT OF MOTHERS AND INFANTS, THEN AND NOW: MELANIE KLEIN'S "NOTES ON BABY" IN A CONTEMPORARY PSYCHOANALYTIC CONTEXT.

Science.gov (United States)

Aguayo, Joseph; Salomonsson, Björn

2017-04-01

This paper draws on Melanie Klein's (unpublished) observational notes of her infant grandson, written primarily in 1938 and 1939. Apart from moving glimpses into a young family's life, the notes contain astute observations of an infant's behavior and emotions. Compared with Klein's published writings, the style is less theoretical and polemical. Later, in his latency years, Klein's grandson was in analysis with Marion Milner, who in 1952 published a paper drawing on the treatment. The present paper focuses on (1) how observations and treatment of the same child and his family by clinicians in close relationships with each other (Klein, Milner, and Winnicott) fertilized reciprocal influence but also brought into question the validity of Klein's observations, and (2) the relative merits and contributions of various modalities in understanding the infant's psyche, including experimental research, direct observation, parent-infant psychotherapy, and reconstructions from older patients-as occurs, for example, in psychoanalysis. © 2017 The Psychoanalytic Quarterly, Inc.

Distribuição Geográfica e Dispersão Alti-latitudinal de Alguns Gêneros e Espécies da Tribo Triatomini Jeannel, 1919 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae

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Galvão Cleber

1998-01-01

Full Text Available Geographical Distribution and Alti-latitudinal Dispersion of Some Genera and Species of the Tribe Triatomini Jeannel, 1919 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae - With the currently known distribution of genera and species of the tribe Triatomini Jeannel, 1919, maps and diagrams were prepared, showing the geographical area occupied by the species and their respective dispersion in grades of latitude and altitude. Two genera are not treated: Panstrongylus Berg, 1879, already published and Triatoma Laporte, 1832, that is being published partially in several articles. Genus Eratyrus Stal, 1859, has two species, while Dipetalogaster Usinger, 1939, Mepraia Mazza, Gajardo & Joerg, 1940, Paratriatoma Barber, 1938 and recently created genus Hermanlentia Jurberg & Galvão, 1997, have only one each. The study of these maps and diagrams permits a better knowledge about some ecological requirements of Chagas' disease vectors and detects gaps in the geographical distribution, where the species were not found but probably they could be prevalent

Nuclear haematology

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Masjhur, J S

1993-12-31

Nuclear techniques have been applied to study diagnose and treat various haematological disorders for more than five decades. Two scientists are regarded as pioneers in this field, i.e. John Lawrence who in 1938 used {sup 32}P to treat chronic myeloid leukaemia and George Hevessy who used {sup 32}P labelled erythrocytes to measure blood volume in 1939. At present, many nuclear medicine procedures are available for diagnosis and therapy of a variety of haematological disorders. Although nuclear techniques are somewhat complex, they give direct and quantitative assessment of the kinetics of blood elements as compared to other non-isotopic haematological tests. Basically, equipment required for nuclear haematology is very simple such as well scintillation counters to measure radioactivity in blood samples. More sophisticated equipment like rectilinear scanner or gamma camera is required when imaging is necessary. An overview of the basic principles and clinical applications of nuclear haematology is given

Time to get healthy: associations of time perspective with perceived health status and health behaviors.

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Griva, Fay; Tseferidi, Sofia-Ioanna; Anagnostopoulos, Fotios

2015-01-01

The present study examined the associations of time perspective (TP) with health behaviors including smoking, exercise, and body mass index (BMI), and perceptions of health status after controlling for sociodemographic factors. Participants (N = 413) completed a web-based questionnaire that included a short version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, and reported their weight, height, smoking, and exercise frequency. Future TP was associated with more physical exercise, whereas past-negative and present-fatalistic dimensions were associated with higher BMI. Smoking was not associated with any of the TP dimensions. Additionally, all of the dimensions of TP were found to be associated with conceptually relevant perceptions of health status. Research on TP predominantly focuses on the future and the present orientation, but the findings of the present study suggest that all dimensions of TP should be used in health-related research. Also, issues regarding the role of the present-hedonistic dimension are discussed and directions for future research are proposed.

The role of health professional associations in the promotion of global women's health.

Science.gov (United States)

Lalonde, André B; Menendez, Hector; Perron, Liette

2010-11-01

Health professional associations, especially those from countries with the highest maternal death burden, have vital roles to play in improving maternal and newborn health and in achieving the Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5. Possessing the knowledge, skills, and influence to positively impact practice at the service delivery level, they can also advocate for change at the policy level and lobby for higher priority and greater investment in the maternal and newborn health field at the national level. The ability of professional associations to assume this leadership is nevertheless contingent on their institutional capacities to achieve planned goals and objectives in support of their organizational mission and strategic priorities. Since 1998, the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC) has been supporting the capacity development efforts of peer professional associations in low-resource countries. SOGC's work in this specific area has led it to develop and pilot an Organization Capacity Improvement Framework (OCIF) that guides professional associations, incrementally, in successive cycles of capacity development. Building on capacity developed within previous capacity-building cycles, this article summarizes and reports on the recent outcomes of the Asociación de Gynecoloígia y Obstetricia de Guatemala's (AGOG) organizational development efforts and the impact they have had in positioning the association as an important contributor in national efforts to improve maternal and newborn health outcomes in the country.

The Lausanne cohort Lc65+: a population-based prospective study of the manifestations, determinants and outcomes of frailty

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Rodondi Nicolas

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Frailty is a relatively new geriatric concept referring to an increased vulnerability to stressors. Various definitions have been proposed, as well as a range of multidimensional instruments for its measurement. More recently, a frailty phenotype that predicts a range of adverse outcomes has been described. Understanding frailty is a particular challenge both from a clinical and a public health perspective because it may be a reversible precursor of functional dependence. The Lausanne cohort Lc65+ is a longitudinal study specifically designed to investigate the manifestations of frailty from its first signs in the youngest old, identify medical and psychosocial determinants, and describe its evolution and related outcomes. Methods/Design The Lc65+ cohort was launched in 2004 with the random selection of 3054 eligible individuals aged 65 to 70 (birth year 1934–1938 in the non-institutionalized population of Lausanne (Switzerland. The baseline data collection was completed among 1422 participants in 2004–2005 through questionnaires, examination and performance tests. It comprised a wide range of medical and psychosocial dimensions, including a life course history of adverse events. Outcomes measures comprise subjective health, limitations in activities of daily living, mobility impairments, development of medical conditions or chronic health problems, falls, institutionalization, health services utilization, and death. Two additional random samples of 65–70 years old subjects will be surveyed in 2009 (birth year 1939–1943 and in 2014 (birth year 1944–1948. Discussion The Lc65+ study focuses on the sequence "Determinants → Components → Consequences" of frailty. It currently provides information on health in the youngest old and will allow comparisons to be made between the profiles of aging individuals born before, during and at the end of the Second World War.

Analysis of southeast Australian zooplankton observations of 1938-42 using synoptic oceanographic conditions

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Baird, Mark E.; Everett, Jason D.; Suthers, Iain M.

2011-03-01

The research vessel Warreen obtained 1742 planktonic samples along the continental shelf and slope of southeast Australia from 1938-42, representing the earliest spatially and temporally resolved zooplankton data from Australian marine waters. In this paper, Warreen observations along the southeast Australian seaboard from 28°S to 38°S are interpreted based on synoptic meteorological and oceanographic conditions and ocean climatologies. Meteorological conditions are based on the NOAA-CIRES 20th Century Reanalysis Project; oceanographic conditions use Warreen hydrological observations, and the ocean climatology is the CSIRO Atlas of Regional Seas. The Warreen observations were undertaken in waters on average 0.45 °C cooler than the climatological average, and included the longest duration El Niño of the 20th century. In northern New South Wales (NSW), week time-scale events dominate zooplankton response. In August 1940 an unusual winter upwelling event occurred in northern NSW driven by a stronger than average East Australian Current (EAC) and anomalous northerly winds that resulted in high salp and larvacean abundance. In January 1941 a strong upwelling event between 28° and 33°S resulted in a filament of upwelled water being advected south and alongshore, which was low in zooplankton biovolume. In southern NSW a seasonal cycle in physical and planktonic characteristics is observed. In January 1941 the poleward extension of the EAC was strong, advecting more tropical tunicate species southward. Zooplankton abundance and distribution on the continental shelf and slope are more dependent on weekly to monthly timescales on local oceanographic and meteorological conditions than continental-scale interannual trends. The interpretation of historical zooplankton observations of the waters off southeast Australia for the purpose of quantifying anthropogenic impacts will be improved with the use of regional hindcasts of synoptic ocean and atmospheric weather that can

The association of health risks with on-the-job productivity.

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Burton, Wayne N; Chen, Chin-Yu; Conti, Daniel J; Schultz, Alyssa B; Pransky, Glenn; Edington, Dee W

2005-08-01

Decreased on-the-job productivity represents a large yet poorly characterized indirect cost to employers. We studied the impact of employee health risk factors on self-reported worker productivity (presenteeism). Using a brief version of the Work Limitation Questionnaire incorporated into a Health Risk Appraisal, 28,375 employees of a national company responded to the survey. The association between health risks and work limitation and each of the four domains was examined. Percentage of lost productivity also was estimated. Ten of 12 health risk factors studied were significantly associated with self-reported work limitations. The strength of the associations varied between risks and the four domains of work limitation. Perception-related risk factors such as life dissatisfaction, job dissatisfaction, poor health, and stress showed the greatest association with presenteeism. As the number of self-reported health risk factors increased, so did the percentage of employees reporting work limitations. Each additional risk factor was associated with 2.4% excess productivity reduction. Medium and high-risk individuals were 6.2% and 12.2% less productive than low-risk individuals, respectively. The annual cost of lost productivity in this corporation was estimated at between 99Mdollars and 185Mdollars or between 1392dollars and 2592dollars per employee. Health risk factors represent additional causes of lost productivity.

Factors associated with attitudes toward seeking mental health treatment postpartum.

Science.gov (United States)

Bina, Rena; Glasser, Saralee

2017-12-27

Attitudes toward seeking mental health treatment are a major predictor of seeking such treatment. Rates of seeking mental health treatment for postpartum depression are low despite contacts with health-care providers and available treatment. This study examined factors associated with four dimensions of attitude toward seeking mental health treatment among Israeli women in the postpartum period. Women (N = 1,059) were recruited (June 2008-February 2009) from a medical center's maternity department within the first two days following delivery and completed a sociodemographic survey and the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale. Low recognition of need for mental health treatment was associated with having a below average income and no personal and family depression history; low stigma tolerance was associated with being younger, having more children, and defining oneself as ultra-orthodox; low interpersonal openness was associated with having a below average income. Moreover, low confidence in mental health practitioners was associated with being younger and non-ultra-orthodox. Understanding which women are likely to score low on various dimensions of attitude can help target interventions for improving these factors, reducing barriers to receiving mental health treatment among specific groups of women. Research should continue to explore specific attitude dimensions among various populations.

COSTS OF THE HEALTH CARE IN RUSSIA ASSOCIATED WITH SMOKING

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A. V. Kontsevaya

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Aim. To analyze costs of health care in Russia associated with smoking in 2009. Material and methods. Cardiovascular diseases, cancers and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD were included in the analysis. Calculation was performed on the basis of the relative risks of diseases associated with smoking, and obtained from foreign surveys, official statistics on morbidity and health system resources expenditure, and costs of health-seeking in line with state program of guaranteed free medical care.  Results. In 2009 total costs of the health care system associated with smoking exceeded RUR 35.8 bln. It corresponded to 0.1% of gross domestic product in Russia in 2009. The costs structure was the following: hospitalization – RUR 26.2 bln, emergency calls – RUR 1.4 bln, and outpatient health-seeking – RUR 8.2 bln. Costs of outpatient pharmacotherapy were not included into analysis because of lack of baseline data needed for calculations. Cardiovascular diseases caused 62% of the health care costs associated with smoking, cancers – 20.2%, and COPD – 17.8%. Conclusion. The smoking in Russia is associated with significant health care costs. It makes needed resources investment in preventive programs to reduce smoking prevalence.

Association between self-rated health and ideal cardiovascular health: The Baptist Health South Florida Employee Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Ogunmoroti, Oluseye; Utuama, Ovie A; Salami, Joseph A; Valero-Elizondo, Javier; Spatz, Erica S; Rouseff, Maribeth; Parris, Don; Das, Sankalp; Guzman, Henry; Agatston, Arthur; Feldman, Theodore; Veledar, Emir; Maziak, Wasim; Nasir, Khurram

2017-10-17

There is increasing evidence of the role psychosocial factors play as determinants of cardiovascular health (CVH). We examined the association between self-rated health (SRH) and ideal CVH among employees of a large healthcare organization. Data were collected in 2014 from employees of Baptist Health South Florida during an annual voluntary health risk assessment and wellness fair. SRH was measured using a self-administered questionnaire where responses ranged from poor, fair, good, very good to excellent. A CVH score (the proxy for CVH) that ranged from 0 to 14 was calculated, where 0-8 indicate an inadequate score, 9-10, average and 11-14, optimal. A multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the association between SRH and CVH. Of the 9056 participants, 75% were female and mean age (SD) was 43 ± 12 years. The odds of having a higher CVH score increased as SRH improved. With participants who reported their health status as poor-fair serving as reference, adjusted odds ratios for having an optimal CVH score by the categories of SRH were: excellent, 21.04 (15.08-29.36); very good 10.04 (7.25-13.9); and good 3.63 (2.61-5.05). Favorable SRH was consistently associated with better CVH. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Faculty of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com

Mental health in the slums of Dhaka - a geoepidemiological study

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Gruebner Oliver

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Urban health is of global concern because the majority of the world's population lives in urban areas. Although mental health problems (e.g. depression in developing countries are highly prevalent, such issues are not yet adequately addressed in the rapidly urbanising megacities of these countries, where a growing number of residents live in slums. Little is known about the spectrum of mental well-being in urban slums and only poor knowledge exists on health promotive socio-physical environments in these areas. Using a geo-epidemiological approach, the present study identified factors that contribute to the mental well-being in the slums of Dhaka, which currently accommodates an estimated population of more than 14 million, including 3.4 million slum dwellers. Methods The baseline data of a cohort study conducted in early 2009 in nine slums of Dhaka were used. Data were collected from 1,938 adults (≥ 15 years. All respondents were geographically marked based on their households using global positioning systems (GPS. Very high-resolution land cover information was processed in a Geographic Information System (GIS to obtain additional exposure information. We used a factor analysis to reduce the socio-physical explanatory variables to a fewer set of uncorrelated linear combinations of variables. We then regressed these factors on the WHO-5 Well-being Index that was used as a proxy for self-rated mental well-being. Results Mental well-being was significantly associated with various factors such as selected features of the natural environment, flood risk, sanitation, housing quality, sufficiency and durability. We further identified associations with population density, job satisfaction, and income generation while controlling for individual factors such as age, gender, and diseases. Conclusions Factors determining mental well-being were related to the socio-physical environment and individual level characteristics. Given that

Association between lifestyle and health variables with nutritional ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Association between lifestyle and health variables with nutritional status of the elderly in the Northern ... PROMOTING ACCESS TO AFRICAN RESEARCH ... Keywords: nutritional status, elderly, health, lifestyle, dietary intake, body mass index ...

Defining Optimal Brain Health in Adults: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association.

Science.gov (United States)

Gorelick, Philip B; Furie, Karen L; Iadecola, Costantino; Smith, Eric E; Waddy, Salina P; Lloyd-Jones, Donald M; Bae, Hee-Joon; Bauman, Mary Ann; Dichgans, Martin; Duncan, Pamela W; Girgus, Meighan; Howard, Virginia J; Lazar, Ronald M; Seshadri, Sudha; Testai, Fernando D; van Gaal, Stephen; Yaffe, Kristine; Wasiak, Hank; Zerna, Charlotte

2017-10-01

Cognitive function is an important component of aging and predicts quality of life, functional independence, and risk of institutionalization. Advances in our understanding of the role of cardiovascular risks have shown them to be closely associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. Because many cardiovascular risks are modifiable, it may be possible to maintain brain health and to prevent dementia in later life. The purpose of this American Heart Association (AHA)/American Stroke Association presidential advisory is to provide an initial definition of optimal brain health in adults and guidance on how to maintain brain health. We identify metrics to define optimal brain health in adults based on inclusion of factors that could be measured, monitored, and modified. From these practical considerations, we identified 7 metrics to define optimal brain health in adults that originated from AHA's Life's Simple 7: 4 ideal health behaviors (nonsmoking, physical activity at goal levels, healthy diet consistent with current guideline levels, and body mass index brain health but recognize that the truly ideal circumstance may be uncommon because there is a continuum of brain health as demonstrated by AHA's Life's Simple 7. Therefore, there is opportunity to improve brain health through primordial prevention and other interventions. Furthermore, although cardiovascular risks align well with brain health, we acknowledge that other factors differing from those related to cardiovascular health may drive cognitive health. Defining optimal brain health in adults and its maintenance is consistent with the AHA's Strategic Impact Goal to improve cardiovascular health of all Americans by 20% and to reduce deaths resulting from cardiovascular disease and stroke by 20% by the year 2020. This work in defining optimal brain health in adults serves to provide the AHA/American Stroke Association with a foundation for a new strategic direction going forward in cardiovascular health

[Julija Z. Kantor. Pribaltika. Vojna bez pravil (1939-1945) Sankt-Peterburg, 2011 ; Lev F. Sockov. Pribaltika i geopolitika 1935-1945 gg. Rassekreennye dokumenty Služby vnešnej razvedki Rossiskoj Federacii. Moskva, 2009 ; Anatolij A. Sazonov. "Sove

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Makhotina, Ekaterina, 1982-

2014-01-01

Arvustus: Julija Z. Kantor. Pribaltika. Vojna bez pravil (1939-1945) Sankt-Peterburg, 2011 ; Lev F. Sockov. Pribaltika i geopolitika 1935-1945 gg. Rassekreennye dokumenty Služby vnešnej razvedki Rossiskoj Federacii. Moskva, 2009 ; Anatolij A. Sazonov. "Sovetskaja okkupacija" Pribaltiki v archivnych dokumentach. Projekt "Argumenty istiny". Moskva, 2009

A synopsis of the tribe Lachnophorini, with a new genus of Neotropical distribution and a revision of the Neotropical genus Asklepia Liebke, 1938 (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae)

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Erwin, Terry L.; Zamorano, Laura S.

2014-01-01

Abstract This synopsis provides an identification key to the genera of Tribe Lachnophorini of the Western and Eastern Hemispheres including five genera previously misplaced in carabid classifications. The genus Asklepia Liebke, 1938 is revised with 23 new species added and four species reassigned from Eucaerus LeConte, 1853 to Asklepia Liebke, 1938. In addition, a new genus is added herein to the Tribe: Peruphorticus gen. n. with its type species P. gulliveri sp. n. from Perú. Five taxa previously assigned to other tribes have adult attributes that make them candidates for classification in the Lachnophorini: Homethes Newman, Aeolodermus Andrewes, Stenocheila Laporte de Castelnau, Diplacanthogaster Liebke, and Selina Motschulsky are now considered to belong to the Lachnophorini as genera incertae sedis. Three higher level groups are proposed to contain the 18 recognized genera: the Lachnophorina, Eucaerina, and incertae sedis. Twenty-three new species of the genus Asklepia are described and four new combinations are presented. They are listed with their type localities as follows: (geminata species group) Asklepia geminata (Bates, 1871), comb. n, Santarém, Rio Tapajós, Brazil; (hilaris species group) Asklepia campbellorum Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n., 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil, Asklepia demiti Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n., circa Rio Demiti, Brazil, Asklepia duofos Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n., 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil, Asklepia hilaris (Bates, 1871), comb. n, São Paulo de Olivença, Brazil, Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n., circa Pithecia, Cocha Shinguito, Perú, Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n, Santarém, Rio Tapajós, Brazil, Asklepia laetitia Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n., Leticia, Colombia, Asklepia matomena Zamorano & Erwin, sp.n., 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil; (pulchripennis species group) Asklepia adisi Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n., Ilha de Marchantaria, Lago Camaleão, Brazil, Asklepia asuncionensis Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n., Asunción, Río Paraguay

A synopsis of the tribe Lachnophorini, with a new genus of Neotropical distribution and a revision of the Neotropical genus Asklepia Liebke, 1938 (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Erwin, Terry L; Zamorano, Laura S

2014-01-01

This synopsis provides an identification key to the genera of Tribe Lachnophorini of the Western and Eastern Hemispheres including five genera previously misplaced in carabid classifications. The genus Asklepia Liebke, 1938 is revised with 23 new species added and four species reassigned from Eucaerus LeConte, 1853 to Asklepia Liebke, 1938. In addition, a new genus is added herein to the Tribe: Peruphorticus gen. n. with its type species P. gulliveri sp. n. from Perú. Five taxa previously assigned to other tribes have adult attributes that make them candidates for classification in the Lachnophorini: Homethes Newman, Aeolodermus Andrewes, Stenocheila Laporte de Castelnau, Diplacanthogaster Liebke, and Selina Motschulsky are now considered to belong to the Lachnophorini as genera incertae sedis. Three higher level groups are proposed to contain the 18 recognized genera: the Lachnophorina, Eucaerina, and incertae sedis. Twenty-three new species of the genus Asklepia are described and four new combinations are presented. They are listed with their type localities as follows: ( geminata species group) Asklepia geminata (Bates, 1871), comb. n, Santarém, Rio Tapajós, Brazil; ( hilaris species group) Asklepia campbellorum Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n., 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil, Asklepia demiti Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n., circa Rio Demiti, Brazil, Asklepia duofos Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n., 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil, Asklepia hilaris (Bates, 1871), comb. n, São Paulo de Olivença, Brazil, Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n., circa Pithecia, Cocha Shinguito, Perú, Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n, Santarém, Rio Tapajós, Brazil, Asklepia laetitia Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n., Leticia, Colombia, Asklepia matomena Zamorano & Erwin, sp.n., 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil; ( pulchripennis species group) Asklepia adisi Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n., Ilha de Marchantaria, Lago Camaleão, Brazil, Asklepia asuncionensis Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n., Asunción, Río Paraguay, Paraguay

The Association Between Health Program Participation and Employee Retention.

Science.gov (United States)

Mitchell, Rebecca J; Ozminkowski, Ronald J; Hartley, Stephen K

2016-09-01

Using health plan membership as a proxy for employee retention, the objective of this study was to examine whether use of health promotion programs was associated with employee retention. Propensity score weighted generalized linear regression models were used to estimate the association between telephonic programs or health risk surveys and retention. Analyses were conducted with six study samples based on type of program participation. Retention rates were highest for employees with either telephonic program activity or health risk surveys and lowest for employees who did not participate in any interventions. Participants ranged from 71% more likely to 5% less likely to remain with their employers compared with nonparticipants, depending on the sample used in analyses. Using health promotion programs in combination with health risk surveys may lead to improvements in employee retention.

The Civil War in Spain, 1936-1939 and the Image of Enemy in the British Fascist Press

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vera V. Malay

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The article deals with the analysis of publications of British Fascists newspapers 'Action' and 'The Blackshirt' during the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939. The main directions of image of enemy formation are studied on the example of these papers. Forms of presentation and ways of international problems interpreting by far-right publications are studied. The fascist newspaper Action, The Fascist Week and The Blackshirt spoke from the position of nationalism, Imperial identity, anti-liberalism, anti-Soviet and anti-Semitism. The concept of "communism" in the pages of the fascist press has accumulated the most precisely the image of enemy. Articles and notes shaped confusion between "Soviet", "red" and "Communist". The USSR seemed to be "the warmonger" and the "architect of the Civil war in Spain". The destructive role of Soviet Russia in the conflict was proved in the British fascist press. Soviet Union was accused of seeking to plunge Spain and Europe into anarchy. In British fascist publications trend towards stereotyping and myth-making were noticeable, they were opposed to "Western" civilization (as individualistic and "Eastern", "Communist" (oppressive, traditionalist.

Weight- and race-based bullying: health associations among urban adolescents.

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Rosenthal, Lisa; Earnshaw, Valerie A; Carroll-Scott, Amy; Henderson, Kathryn E; Peters, Susan M; McCaslin, Catherine; Ickovics, Jeannette R

2015-04-01

Stigma-based bullying is associated with negative mental and physical health outcomes. In a longitudinal study, surveys and physical assessments were conducted with mostly Black and Latino, socioeconomically disadvantaged, urban students. As hypothesized, greater weight- and race-based bullying each was significantly indirectly associated with increased blood pressure and body mass index, as well as decreased overall self-rated health across 2 years, through the mechanism of more negative emotional symptoms. Results support important avenues for future research on mechanisms and longitudinal associations of stigma-based bullying with health. Interventions are needed to reduce stigma-based bullying and buffer adolescents from adverse health effects. © The Author(s) 2013.

Health-Wealth Association among Older Americans: Racial and Ethnic Differences

Science.gov (United States)

Lum, Terry

2004-01-01

Using five-year longitudinal data from the AHEAD survey, this study investigated the direction of association between health and wealth among elderly people. In particular, it focused on how this association varied across racial and ethnic groups. The study found that there was a significant nonmonotonic association between health and wealth and…

Perceived health status is associated with hours of exercise per week in older adults independent of physical health.

Science.gov (United States)

McHugh, Joanna Edel; Lawlor, Brian A

2013-11-01

Perceived health status does not always reflect actual health status. We investigated the association between objective and self-rated measures of health status and hours of exercise per week in older adults. As part of the TRIL clinic assessment, we gathered information from 473 community dwelling adults over the age of 65, regarding hours spent per week exercising, depression, personality, perceived health status, and objective health status (in the form of a comorbidity count). Regression analyses were performed on these data to investigate whether perceived health status, objective health status, personality and mood are associated with hours of exercise per week. Perceived and objective health status were significantly but weakly correlated. Both perceived and objective health status, as well as depression, were independently associated with hours of exercise per week. We conclude that exercise uptake in older adults is contingent on both perceived and objective health status, as well as depression. Perceived health status has a stronger association with exercise uptake in older adults with lower depression levels. The current findings have implications for designing exercise interventions for older adults.

Prevalence, Co-Occurrence and Associations with Self-Perceived Health and Limitations Due To Physical Health - A Danish Population-Based Study

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Eliasen, Marie; Kreiner, Svend; Ebstrup, Jeanette F

2016-01-01

) the associations between the symptoms, and 3) the associations between the somatic symptoms, self-perceived health and limitations due to physical health accounting for the co-occurrence of symptoms. Information on 19 somatic symptoms, self-perceived health and limitations due to physical health was achieved from...... a population-based questionnaire survey of 36,163 randomly selected adults in the Capital Region of Denmark in 2006/07. Chain graph models were used to transparently identify and describe the associations between symptoms, self-perceived health and limitations due to physical health. In total, 94...... all strongly directly associated with both of the outcomes (γ>0.30). Chest pain was strongly associated with self-perceived health, and other musculoskeletal symptoms and urinary retention were strongly associated with limitations due to physical health. Other symptoms were either moderate...

eHealth Literacy and Health Behaviors Affecting Modern College Students: A Pilot Study of Issues Identified by the American College Health Association

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Collins, William Bart; Wilson, Kari; Linnemeier, Georgiann; Englebert, Andrew Mark

2017-01-01

Background The eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) has been widely adopted by researchers to understand how eHealth literacy can be put into context. eHealth researchers need to know how to promote positive health behavior changes across college students, given the importance of the Internet to acquire and use health information. The American College Health Association identified a set of key health issues that affect college students today. By understanding how eHEALS might be related to college students’ maintenance of their health and their use of online health resources, researchers will be provided with a better understanding of eHealth literacy and its pragmatic implications for health campaigns and future interventions. Objective The goal of the study was to examine what eHEALS reveals about college student health behaviors identified by the American College Health Association. To understand college student current health maintenance and their intentions to maintain their health and use online resources, the theory of planned behavior was used as the theoretical framework for the study. Methods Data were collected via a survey of 422 college students that included the eHEALS measure and questions about health issues based on the recommendations of the American College Health Association. These questions asked about college student current health, subsequent use of online health resources, and their intention to maintain their health and make use of such resources in the future. Results eHEALS was positively and significantly associated with all 8 areas of health issues identified by the American College Health Association for college student current maintenance of health and use of online health resources and for future intention of health maintenance and use of online resources. Key issues that emerged with eHealth literacy were maintaining safe sex practices and seeking out related information, seeking out information on an exercise regime, information on

Oncological organizations and institutions in Poland before the second World War.

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Supady, Jerzy

2008-01-01

During the first four decades of the 20th century many oncological organizations and institutions were established in Poland. On 6 June, 1906 the Committee for Cancer Research and Control was founded. After the year 1918 when Poland regained its independence many more cancer control organizations came into being. The organizations created at that time were: the Polish Committee for Cancer Control (Warsaw 1921), the Cancer Control Society of Lódź (Lódź 1927), the Vilnius Committee for Cancer Control (Vilnius 1931), the Polish Cancer Control Institute Association in Lviv (Lviv 1929), the Polish Cancer Control Association (Warsaw 1938). These cancer control organizations undertook multiphase activities (prophylactic, educational, organizational, scientific and research) by creating outpatient and inpatient oncological care institutions, on which base numerous scientific and research papers were produced. The effect of that work was the creation of the Radium Treatment Institute in Lódź and the Research and Therapeutic Institute for Cancer Control in Vilnius, as well as founding oncological hospital wards and clinics. The most important achievement was building and opening the very modern Radium Institute in Warsaw. The initiator of the Institute, which in 1939 had 90 beds on its disposal, was Maria Skłodowska-Curie herself. Cancer control organizations members and activists conducted many propaganda actions on malignant diseases, shared they observations and research findings during meetings, conferences and assemblies in Poland and abroad.

What is the association between wealth and mental health?

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Carter, K N; Blakely, T; Collings, S; Imlach Gunasekara, F; Richardson, K

2009-03-01

Socioeconomic inequalities in mental health have been shown in a number of populations. This study aims to investigate the association between asset wealth and psychological distress in New Zealand and whether it is independent of other socioeconomic measures and baseline health status. Data for this study were from the first three waves of the Survey of Families, Income and Employment (SoFIE) conducted in New Zealand (2002-2004/05) (n = 15 340). The Kessler-10 was used as a measure of psychological distress. The association of quintiles of wealth with psychological distress was investigated using logistic regression, controlling for confounders, socioeconomic variables and prior health status. The odds ratio (OR) of reporting high psychological distress were greater in the lowest wealth quintile compared with the highest (OR 3.06, 95% CI 2.68 to 3.50). Adjusting for age and sex did not alter the relationship; however, adjusting for income and area deprivation attenuated the OR to 1.73 (95% CI 1.48 to 2.04). Further controlling for baseline health status reduced the OR to 1.45 (95% CI 1.23 to 1.71), although the confidence interval still excluded the null. Inequalities in wealth are strongly associated with psychological distress, over and above other confounding demographic variables and baseline health status. Much, but not all, of that association is confounded by adult socioeconomic position. This suggests that policy measures to improve asset wealth, through savings and home ownership, may have positive health implications and help to reduce health inequalities.

Social insurance for health service.

Science.gov (United States)

Roemer, M I

1997-06-01

Implementation of social insurance for financing health services has yielded different patterns depending on a country's economic level and its government's political ideology. By the late 19th century, thousands of small sickness funds operated in Europe, and in 1883 Germany's Chancellor Bismarck led the enactment of a law mandating enrollment by low-income workers. Other countries followed, with France completing Western European coverage in 1928. The Russian Revolution in 1917 led to a National Health Service covering everyone from general revenues by 1937. New Zealand legislated universal population coverage in 1939. After World War II, Scandinavian countries extended coverage to everyone and Britain introduced its National Health Service covering everyone with comprehensive care and financed by general revenues in 1948. Outside of Europe Japan adopted health insurance in 1922, covering everyone in 1946. Chile was the first developing country to enact statutory health insurance in 1924 for industrial workers, with extension to all low-income people with its "Servicio Nacional de Salud" in 1952. India covered 3.5 percent of its large population with the Employees' State Insurance Corporation in 1948, and China after its 1949 revolution developed four types of health insurance for designated groups of workers and dependents. Sub-Saharan African countries took limited health insurance actions in the late 1960s and 1970s. By 1980, some 85 countries had enacted social security programs to finance or deliver health services or both.

Health literacy in elderly in Northern Norway- association with socioeconomic status and general health/oral health

OpenAIRE

Thoresen, Therese

2013-01-01

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether oral health and health literacy are associated which diseases, medication, self- reported health/oral health and socioeconomic factors in a group of people ranging from 50 to 80 years of age. Materials and methods: The study consisted of 61 patients, 27 men (52-78 years; M=61.6 years) and 34 women (51-80 years; M=61.0 years). They had oral examination including dentition status by DMFT (decayed, missed, filled teeth), plaque index...

Las finanzas del henequén (1902-1938. Dos modelos de banca y dos oportunidades pérdidas

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Luis Anaya Merchant

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El ensayo analiza dos modelos de financiamiento aplicados al cultivo del henequén, explorando la sucesión de problemas ‘técnicos’, de mercado y políticos que hicieron declinar al llamado “oro verde”. Los ciclos que se estudian en el periodo 1902-1938 son significativos pues implican modelos divergentes de financiación (uno privado y otro de orientación social, además el período registra la transición entre dos regímenes de propiedad y de organización productiva; lo que en conjunto permite una comparación pertinente. La disolución del régimen porfiriano por “la” revolución no desarticuló la hacienda yucateca ni las organizaciones que producían y controlaban la fibra. En el Porfiriato, el henequén fue un buen negocio para pocos; en la revolución, con movimientos bruscos de demanda y precio, continuó el interés por controlar su producción, dada su importancia para los ingresos federales y estatales. En la perspectiva de incrementar su eficiencia los revolucionarios emplearon la “acción social bancaria” justificándola en el deseo de transformar socialmente la península yucateca.

[Family cohesion associated with oral health, socioeconomic factors and health behavior].

Science.gov (United States)

Ferreira, Luale Leão; Brandão, Gustavo Antônio Martins; Garcia, Gustavo; Batista, Marília Jesus; Costa, Ludmila da Silva Tavares; Ambrosano, Gláucia Maria Bovi; Possobon, Rosana de Fátima

2013-08-01

Overall health surveys have related family cohesion to socio-economic status and behavioral factors. The scope of this study was to investigate the association between family cohesion and socio-economic, behavioral and oral health factors. This was a, cross-sectional study with two-stage cluster sampling. The random sample consisted of 524 adolescents attending public schools in the city of Piracicaba-SP. Variables were evaluated by self-applied questionnaires and caries and periodontal disease were assessed by DMF-T and CPI indices. The adolescent's perception of family cohesion was assessed using the family adaptability and cohesion scale. Univariate and multinomial logistic regression shows that adolescents with low family cohesion were more likely than those with medium family cohesion to have low income (OR 2,28 95% CI 1,14- 4,55), presence of caries (OR 2,23 95% CI 1,21-4,09), less than two daily brushings (OR 1,91 95% CI 1,03-3,54). Adolescents with high family cohesion were more likely than those with medium family cohesion to have high income and protective behavior against the habit of smoking. Thus, the data shows that adolescent perception of family cohesion was associated with behavioral, socio-economic and oral health variables, indicating the importance of an integral approach to patient health.

Obituary: Dianne K. Prinz, 1938-2002

Science.gov (United States)

Cook, John William; Howard, Russell Alfred

2003-12-01

Dr. Dianne Kasnic Prinz died 12 October 2002 at the Hospice of Northern Virginia after a long struggle with lymphatic cancer. She worked for over 29 years until retirement at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, DC on sounding rocket, space shuttle, and satellite experiments to observe the Sun at ultraviolet wavelengths from space. Dianne Prinz was born 29 September 1938. She received her BS degree from the University of Pittsburgh in 1960, and a PhD in Physics from Johns Hopkins University in 1967, where she was a University Fellow 1960--1964 and a Gilman Fellow 1960--1963. She was a Research Associate in the Physics Department of the University of Maryland 1967--1971 and, from 1971 until her retirement in February 2001, she was a Research Physicist at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). At the time of her retirement she was Head of the Solar Radiation Section, Solar Physics Branch, Space Science Division of the Naval Research Laboratory and was supervising the work of a team of scientists that was operating the SUSIM (Solar Ultraviolet Irradiance Monitor) experiment on the UARS (Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite) spacecraft as well as reducing and analyzing the observations. Dianne was a member of the Washington Academy of Science (elected 1976 and Fellow 1987), served as Vice President of the National Capital Section of the Optical Society of America (1976), and received the Navy Award of Merit for Group Achievement (1985), the NASA Public Service Group Achievement Award (1987), and the Navy Meritorious Civilian Service Award (2001). Her professional memberships included the American Astronomical Society and its Solar Physics Division, the American Geophysical Union, and Sigma Xi. She had over 60 publications in her scientific bibliography. Early in her career at NRL, Dianne developed a Lyman alpha spectroheliograph sounding rocket payload. Launching at White Sands Missile Range in 1972, she obtained high spatial resolution (for that day) full disk

La protección radiológica en la industria nuclear española durante el franquismo, 1939-1975

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Alfredo Menéndez-Navarro

2013-09-01

Full Text Available En los debates sobre la controversia nuclear pocas veces se presenta en primera plana la cuestión de la seguridad laboral en las instalaciones radiactivas, históricamente relegada a un segundo plano frente a la atención a los potenciales daños a la población general. Con objeto de cubrir parcialmente ese vacío historiográfico, este trabajo se acerca al desarrollo de la protección radiológica laboral en España durante la dictadura del general Franco (1939-1975. Para ello, se repasa el surgimiento de las medidas de protección radiológica en el ámbito internacional y el posterior desarrollo legislativo en el caso español, proceso paralelo al crecimiento del programa nuclear nacional. Finalmente, son exploradas las principales evidencias del impacto de las radiaciones ionizantes sobre la población laboral española.

"I've tried the switch but he laughs through the tears:" the use and conceptualization of corporal punishment during the Machine Age, 1924-1939.

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Davis, Phillip W; Chandler, Jennifer L; Larossa, Ralph

2004-12-01

To examine attitudes, conflicts, images, circumstances, and time-period effects associated with corporal punishment and other forms of adult-to-child violence during the early 20th century in the United States. A sample of 147 letters, referencing corporal punishment and dating from 1924 to 1939, were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative techniques. The letters were addressed to Angelo Patri (1876-1965), a popular child-rearing expert during the interwar years (also known as the Machine Age), and written primarily by middle class parents with everyday worries about child rearing and proper discipline. People who sought advice emphasized the practical significance of corporal punishment over and above the idea that it violated children's rights to be protected against harm. One in four letters cited conflicts with significant others about corporal punishment. Generally, children were perceived as frail, defiant, or feral. Rarely, were they seen as devilish or, conversely, innocent. Children's disobedience and disrespect were cited more than other misbehaviors as reasons for corporal punishment. Age and gender of the focal child varied by time period when letters from the 1920s and 1930s were compared. A full understanding of parent-to-child violence cannot be achieved without a firm grasp of its genealogy. The growing popularity of child psychology during the Machine Age had a measurable impact on how children were viewed. A utilitarian frame of interpretation was an important part of the everyday "work" associated with child rearing during this time, foreshadowing the tendency today to emphasize efficacy more than rights when evaluating the legitimacy of corporal punishment.

Photophore counts in the deep-sea commercial shrimp Aristeus alcocki Ramadan, 1938 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Aristeidae), with a revised key to the Indo-West Pacific species of the genus.

Science.gov (United States)

Chan, Tin-Yam; Kumar, Appukuttannair Biju; Yang, Chien-Hui

2017-10-06

The availability of abundant fresh material of Aristeus alcocki Ramadan, 1938 from India allowed the evaluation of the variation in the numbers of photophores on the pereiopods in this species, as well as other diagnostic characters for species discrimination. Although the pereiopodal photophore counts in A. alcocki largely overlap with those of A. semidentatus Bate, 1888, it is found that A. alcocki is unique in the Indo-West Pacific species of the genus by the lower end of the cervical carina considerably farther away from the branchiostegal carina. Molecular genetic analysis confirmed the distinct taxonomic status of the six currently known species in this genus from the Indo-West Pacific and a revised key is provided for distinguishing them.

A greater voice for academic health sciences libraries: the Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries' vision.

Science.gov (United States)

Bunting, Alison

2003-04-01

The founders of the Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries (AAHSL) envisioned the development of a professional organization that would provide a greater voice for academic health sciences libraries, facilitate cooperation and communication with the Association of American Medical Colleges, and create a forum for identifying problems and solutions that are common to academic health sciences libraries. This article focuses on the fulfillment of the "greater voice" vision by describing action and leadership by AAHSL and its members on issues that directly influenced the role of academic health sciences libraries. These include AAHSL's participation in the work that led to the publication of the landmark report, Academic Information in the Academic Health Sciences Center: Roles for the Library in Information Management; its contributions to the recommendations of the Physicians for the Twenty-first Century: The GPEP Report; and the joint publication with the Medical Library Association of Challenge to Action: Planning and Evaluation Guidelines for Academic Health Sciences Libraries.

Associations of family-centered care with health care outcomes for children with special health care needs.

Science.gov (United States)

Kuo, Dennis Z; Bird, T Mac; Tilford, J Mick

2011-08-01

The objective of this study is to examine the association of family-centered care (FCC) with specific health care service outcomes for children with special health care needs (CSHCN). The study is a secondary analysis of the 2005-2006 National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs. Receipt of FCC was determined by five questions regarding how well health care providers addressed family concerns in the prior 12 months. We measured family burden by reports of delayed health care, unmet need, financial costs, and time devoted to care; health status, by stability of health care needs; and emergency department and outpatient service use. All statistical analyses used propensity score-based matching models to address selection bias. FCC was reported by 65.6% of respondents (N = 38,915). FCC was associated with less delayed health care (AOR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.48, 0.66), fewer unmet service needs (AOR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.60), reduced odds of ≥1 h/week coordinating care (AOR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.74, 0.93) and reductions in out of pocket costs (AOR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.80, 0.96). FCC was associated with more stable health care needs (AOR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.21), reduced odds of emergency room visits (AOR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.99) and increased odds of doctor visits (AOR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.37). Our study demonstrates associations of positive health and family outcomes with FCC. Realizing the health care delivery benefits of FCC may require additional encounters to build key elements of trust and partnership.

eHealth Literacy and Health Behaviors Affecting Modern College Students: A Pilot Study of Issues Identified by the American College Health Association.

Science.gov (United States)

Britt, Rebecca Katherine; Collins, William Bart; Wilson, Kari; Linnemeier, Georgiann; Englebert, Andrew Mark

2017-12-19

The eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) has been widely adopted by researchers to understand how eHealth literacy can be put into context. eHealth researchers need to know how to promote positive health behavior changes across college students, given the importance of the Internet to acquire and use health information. The American College Health Association identified a set of key health issues that affect college students today. By understanding how eHEALS might be related to college students' maintenance of their health and their use of online health resources, researchers will be provided with a better understanding of eHealth literacy and its pragmatic implications for health campaigns and future interventions. The goal of the study was to examine what eHEALS reveals about college student health behaviors identified by the American College Health Association. To understand college student current health maintenance and their intentions to maintain their health and use online resources, the theory of planned behavior was used as the theoretical framework for the study. Data were collected via a survey of 422 college students that included the eHEALS measure and questions about health issues based on the recommendations of the American College Health Association. These questions asked about college student current health, subsequent use of online health resources, and their intention to maintain their health and make use of such resources in the future. eHEALS was positively and significantly associated with all 8 areas of health issues identified by the American College Health Association for college student current maintenance of health and use of online health resources and for future intention of health maintenance and use of online resources. Key issues that emerged with eHealth literacy were maintaining safe sex practices and seeking out related information, seeking out information on an exercise regime, information on vaccinations, and maintaining a balanced

Association between Municipal Health Promotion Volunteers' Health Literacy and Their Level of Outreach Activities in Japan.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Atsuko Taguchi

Full Text Available To explore the association between health literacy and levels of three types of core activities among health promotion volunteers (developing a healthy lifestyle, outreach to family, and outreach to community members.A cross-sectional, anonymous, self-administered postal survey of registered health promotion volunteers in the Konan area in Shiga Prefecture in Japan, conducted in January 2010. The study sample was 575 registered health promotion volunteers.The survey collected data on health literacy, gender, age, education, self-rated health, perceptions about the volunteer organization, and perceptions of recognition in the community. The level of engagement in health promotion activities was measured by the extent to which the participants engaged in seven healthy behaviors and promoted them to family members and the community. The authors compared the health literacy level and other characteristics of the participants by core health promotion activities, using a chi-squared test, to examine the associations between demographic and other variables and the three core activities (healthy lifestyle, outreach to family, and outreach to community.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between the degree to which the volunteers engaged in core activities ("healthy lifestyle," "outreach to family," "outreach to community" and the levels of health literacy (low, medium, high among health promotion volunteers, controlling for the effects of age, gender, health condition, education which may also have an impact on volunteers' outreach activities.Four hundred and fifty-four questionnaires were returned, a 79.0% response rate. Excluding 16 cases with missing values on health literacy or the degree of health promotion activities, 438 research subjects were included in the analysis (valid response rate: 76.2%. Health literacy and a few demographic and other characteristics of the volunteers were associated with the three core

Is Healthier Nutrition Behaviour Associated with Better Self-Reported Health and Less Health Complaints? Evidence from Turku, Finland

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Walid El Ansari

2015-10-01

Full Text Available We examined nutrition behaviour, self-reported health and 20 health complaints of undergraduates in Finland. Students at the University of Turku in Finland participated in a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1189. For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables, a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating. Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students’ nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI. Factor analysis of the 20 health complaints revealed three components (psychological, pains/aches and circulatory/breathing symptoms. Multiple linear regression tested the association of students’ eating habits with the three components of health complaints, controlling for the same confounders. Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health. High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating. Pain/aches symptoms were associated with a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks and a lower adherence to dietary guidelines. More healthy nutrition behaviour was consistently associated with better self-reported health and less health complaints. Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.

Is Healthier Nutrition Behaviour Associated with Better Self-Reported Health and Less Health Complaints? Evidence from Turku, Finland

Science.gov (United States)

El Ansari, Walid; Suominen, Sakari; Berg-Beckhoff, Gabriele

2015-01-01

We examined nutrition behaviour, self-reported health and 20 health complaints of undergraduates in Finland. Students at the University of Turku in Finland participated in a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1189). For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating. Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students’ nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI). Factor analysis of the 20 health complaints revealed three components (psychological, pains/aches and circulatory/breathing symptoms). Multiple linear regression tested the association of students’ eating habits with the three components of health complaints, controlling for the same confounders. Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health. High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating. Pain/aches symptoms were associated with a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks and a lower adherence to dietary guidelines. More healthy nutrition behaviour was consistently associated with better self-reported health and less health complaints. Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints. PMID:26473918

Is Healthier Nutrition Behaviour Associated with Better Self-Reported Health and Less Health Complaints? Evidence from Turku, Finland.

Science.gov (United States)

El Ansari, Walid; Suominen, Sakari; Berg-Beckhoff, Gabriele

2015-10-14

We examined nutrition behaviour, self-reported health and 20 health complaints of undergraduates in Finland. Students at the University of Turku in Finland participated in a cross-sectional online survey (N = 1189). For nutrition behaviour, we computed two composite food intake pattern scores (sweets, cakes and snacks; and fruits and vegetables), a dietary guideline adherence index and the subjective importance of healthy eating. Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association of students' nutrition behaviour with three levels of self-reported health, controlling for many potential confounders (age, sex, living with partner, economic situation, moderate physical activity, Faculty and BMI). Factor analysis of the 20 health complaints revealed three components (psychological, pains/aches and circulatory/breathing symptoms). Multiple linear regression tested the association of students' eating habits with the three components of health complaints, controlling for the same confounders. Fruits and raw and cooked vegetable consumption, dietary guideline adherence index and subjective importance of healthy eating were highest among students with excellent/very good self-reported health, exhibiting a decreasing trend for those individuals with poor/fair self-reported health. High levels of psychological symptoms were associated with decreased consumption of fruits and vegetables, less dietary guideline adherence and less subjective importance of healthy eating. Pain/aches symptoms were associated with a higher consumption of sweets, cookies and snacks and a lower adherence to dietary guidelines. More healthy nutrition behaviour was consistently associated with better self-reported health and less health complaints. Of the four nutrition behaviour indicators we employed, the dietary guideline adherence index was the best indicator and exhibited the most consistent associations with self-reported health and health complaints.

Place, health, and community attachment: Is community capacity associated with self-rated health at the individual level?

Science.gov (United States)

Lovell, Sarah A; Gray, Andrew R; Boucher, Sara E

2017-12-01

Community-level interventions dominate contemporary public health responses to health inequalities as a lack of political will has discouraged action at a structural level. Health promoters commonly leverage community capacity to achieve programme goals, yet the health implications of low community capacity are unknown. In this study, we analyse perceptions of community capacity at the individual-level to explore how place-based understandings of identity and connectedness are associated with self-rated health. We examine associations between individual community capacity, self-rated health and income using a cross-sectional survey that was disseminated to 303 residents of four small (populations 1500-2000) New Zealand towns. Evidence indicating a relationship between individual community capacity and self-reported health was unconvincing once the effects of income were incorporated. That is, people who rated their community's capacity higher did not have better self-rated health. Much stronger evidence supported the relationship between income and both higher individual community capacity and higher self-rated health. We conclude that individual community capacity may mediate the positive association between income and health, however, overall we find no evidence suggesting that intervening to enhance individual community capacity is likely to improve health outcomes.

A genetic perspective on the association between exercise and mental health.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Geus, E.J.C.; de Moor, M.H.M.

2008-01-01

Regular exercise is associated with better mental health. This association is widely assumed to reflect causal effects of exercise. In this paper we propose that two additional mechanisms contribute to the association between exercise and mental health in the population-at-large: genetic pleiotropy

Negative thoughts and health: associations among rumination, immunity, and health care utilization in a young and elderly sample

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Thomsen, Dorthe Kirkegaard; Mehlsen, Mimi Yung; Hokland, Marianne

2004-01-01

OBJECTIVE: In the present study, it was tested whether rumination-negative, recurrent thoughts-would be associated with immune parameters and health care utilization. Because rumination has been associated with sadness and subjective sleep quality, it was tested whether these factors mediated the...... associations were found for the young participants. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that rumination may be associated with health-related measures in the elderly. Thus, negative thoughts may be detrimental to health, independently of negative affect.......OBJECTIVE: In the present study, it was tested whether rumination-negative, recurrent thoughts-would be associated with immune parameters and health care utilization. Because rumination has been associated with sadness and subjective sleep quality, it was tested whether these factors mediated...... displayed a positive association with total leukocyte count, total lymphocyte count, and number of B cells among the elderly, and this was not mediated by sadness or subjective sleep quality. Rumination was also positively associated with number of telephone consultations during the follow...

El tifus exantemático de la posguerra española (1939-1943): el uso de una enfermedad colectiva en la legitimación del "Nuevo estado"

OpenAIRE

Jiménez Lucena, Isabel

1994-01-01

A través del análisis de la utilización que, en la España del primer franquismo, se hizo de los aspectos relacionados con la epidemia de tifus exantemático, desarrollada durante los años 1939-1943, se pretende un acercamiento a la comprensión y explicación del papel que pueden jugar las actuaciones sanitarias en la legitimación de los sistemas sociopolíticos, validando ideas y acciones que afectan a diversos aspectos de la vida social. La incidencia del tifus con carácter epidémico y las acti...

Obituary: Ralph Robert Robbins, Jr., 1938-2005

Science.gov (United States)

Hemenway, Mary Kay; Jefferys, William H.; Lambert, David L.

2007-12-01

Ralph Robert Robbins, Jr., died on 2 December 2005, in Kyle, Texas. His wife, Maria Elena Robbins, his daughters Julia Robbins Kelso and Stephanie Juarez Balles, his son Matthew Juarez, and five grandchildren survive him. Bob was on the faculty at the University of Texas from 1968 until his retirement in 2003. Bob was born in Wichita, Kansas, on 2 September 1938, the only son of Mildred and Ralph Robert Robbins, Sr. Guided by his high school's policy to provide a practical education to children of working-class parents, Bob began high school with a heavy dose of vocational courses until the results of a test indicated his special talent in mathematics. He was awarded a full scholarship to Yale University, graduating magna cum laude in mathematics in 1960. He won the Warner Prize in Mathematics at Yale that year. He received his Ph.D. in 1966 with a dissertation entitled "The Triplet Spectrum of Neutral Helium in Expanding Nebulae" from the University of California at Berkeley. His interest in college teaching was ignited at this time through summer teaching positions at San Mateo California Junior College and the Ohio State University. Following a year at Texas as a McDonald Observatory Post-doctoral Fellow, Bob taught for a year in the physics department of the University of Houston before returning to the University of Texas at Austin as an Assistant Professor of Astronomy in 1968. He was promoted to Associate Professor in 1972. Bob's research in the early 1970s on theoretical studies of helium was of vital importance to astronomers for over three decades. These pioneering calculations became vital to observational astronomers in the mid-1990s as interest grew in the primordial helium produced by the Big Bang. Bob's interest and influence in education was international in scope. In the summers 1968-1970, he was a government consultant in Mathematics in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). He consulted with the government that was preparing a master plan for technical

Some Mobile Phone Associated Health Problems Among Mobile ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Background: Although mobile telecommunications deliver enormous benefit to society, there are concerns whether its electric and magnetic field emissions are linked with cancer or other health hazards. Objectives: 1) determining some of the mobile phone(Mph) associated health problems. 2) identifying some of the risk ...

Health information exposure from information and communication technologies and its associations with health behaviors: Population-based survey.

Science.gov (United States)

Shen, Chen; Wang, Man Ping; Wan, Alice; Viswanath, Kasisomayajula; Chan, Sophia Siu Chee; Lam, Tai Hing

2018-08-01

Health information and communication technologies (ICTs) are increasingly used but little is known about routine exposure to health information from ICTs and its associations with health behaviors. A territory-wide population-based dual landline and mobile telephone survey was conducted in 2016 in Hong Kong, where smartphone ownership and Internet access are among the most prevalent, easiest and fastest in the world. Health information exposure from traditional sources (television/radio/newspaper/magazine), Internet websites, social media sites and instant messaging (IM); and information on smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity were recorded. Prevalence was weighted by age, sex and education level of the general population. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the association of health information exposure with smoking and alcohol consumption, whilst multivariable linear regression was used to assess the association with frequency of moderate and vigorous physical activity (days/week). Of 3063 respondents, most (71.6%) were often or sometimes exposed to health information from traditional sources, followed by Internet websites (40.9%), social media sites (40.7%), and IM (27.0%). Respondents with lower education and household income were less frequently exposed to health information from Internet websites, social media sites and IM (all P < 0.001). Health information exposure from IM was associated with being never smokers, and more frequent moderate and vigorous physical activity (all P for trend <0.05). Health information exposure from IM was least frequent but associated with healthier behaviors. Further public health education campaigns can consider using IM to deliver information, particularly to disadvantaged groups. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Health and healthy lifestyle in association with satisfaction with life

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eva Novak

2010-07-01

Full Text Available The aim of our study was to examine whether risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (tobacco use, heavy alcohol consumption, inadequate physical activity and unhealthy eating habits are associated with satisfaction with life and if they are able to predict it. 225 respondents, aged between 18 and 65 years, participated. Results show that all risk factors together explain 3 % of variance in satisfaction with life after controlling for both demographic and personality variables. Unhealthy eating habit is the only risk factor that can predict lower satisfaction with life. We also examined if objective and subjective evaluations of health associate with satisfaction with life and (unhealthy lifestyle. Results show that lower health is mostly associated with inadequate physical activity and that subjective evaluation of health is more associated with satisfaction with life than are objective indicators of health. Those findings can give us an important starting point for preventive actions against chronic non-communicable diseases in Slovenia.

Redescription of the Indo-West Pacific scorpionfish (Scorpaenidae), Neomerinthe erostris (Alcock 1896), a senior synonym of Scorpaena gibbifrons Fowler 1938, N. rotunda Chen 1981, and N. bathyperimensis Zajonz & Klausewitz 2002.

Science.gov (United States)

Motomura, Hiroyuki; Causse, Romain; Béarez, Philippe; Mishra, Subhrendu Sekhar

2015-09-29

The Indo-West Pacific species, Neomerinthe erostris (Alcock 1896), originally described as Scorpaena erostris, is redescribed as a senior synonym of Scorpaena gibbifrons Fowler 1938, N. rotunda Chen 1981, and N. bathyperimensis Zajonz & Klausewitz 2002. Although the latter three nominal species have been regarded as valid species and N. erostris has not been reported since 1898, examinations of type specimens of the four nominal species revealed that they represent a single species. A lectotype of Scorpaena erostris is herein designated. Neomerinthe erostris is characterized by having a distinct longitudinal ridge on the lateral surface of the maxilla and a strongly rounded dorsal profile of the head.

Is Personality Associated with Health Care Use by Older Adults?

Science.gov (United States)

Friedman, Bruce; Veazie, Peter J; Chapman, Benjamin P; Manning, Willard G; Duberstein, Paul R

2013-01-01

Context The patterns of health care utilization in the United States pose well-established challenges for public policy. Although economic and sociological research has resulted in considerable knowledge about what influences the use of health services, the psychological literature in this area is underdeveloped. Importantly, it is not known whether personality traits are associated with older adults’ use of acute and long-term care services. Methods Data were collected from 1,074 community-dwelling seniors participating in a Medicare demonstration. First they completed a self-report questionnaire measuring the “Big Five” personality traits: Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness. During the next two years, the participants maintained daily journals of their use of health care services. We used regression models based on the Andersen behavioral model of health care utilization to test for associations. Findings Our hypothesis that higher Neuroticism would be associated with greater health care use was confirmed for three services—probability of any emergency department (ED) use, likelihood of any custodial nursing home use, and more skilled nursing facility (SNF) days for SNF users—but was disconfirmed for hospital days for those hospitalized. Higher Openness to Experience was associated with a greater likelihood of custodial home care use, and higher Agreeableness and lower Conscientiousness with a higher probability of custodial nursing home use. For users, lower Openness was associated with more ED visits and SNF days, and lower Conscientiousness with more ED visits. For many traits with significant associations, the predicted use was 16 to 30 percent greater for people high (low) versus low (high) in specific traits. Conclusions Personality traits are associated with Medicare beneficiaries’ use of many expensive health care services, findings that have implications for health services research and

Longitudinal associations between health behaviors and mental health in low-income adults.

Science.gov (United States)

Walsh, Jennifer L; Senn, Theresa E; Carey, Michael P

2013-03-01

Although there are established relationships between physical and mental health, few studies have explored the relationship between health behaviors and mental health over time. To explore rates of health-compromising behaviors (HCBs) and the longitudinal relationship between HCBs and depression, anxiety, and stress, five waves of data were collected over 1 year from 482 patients at an urban public health clinic (47 % female, 68 % African-American, M age = 28). Smoking (61 %), binge drinking (52 %), illegal drug use (53 %), unprotected sex with non-primary partners (55 %), and fast food consumption (71 %) were common, while consumption of fruits or vegetables (30 %) and breakfast (17 %) were rare. Cross-lagged models identified within-time associations between HCBs and depression/anxiety and stress. Additionally, depression/anxiety and stress predicted later HCBs, but HCBs did not predict later mental health. Results suggest that targeting mental health may be important to promoting improvements across multiple health behaviors.

Health-Related Factors Associated with Mode of Travel to Work

OpenAIRE

Bopp, Melissa; Kaczynski, Andrew T.; Campbell, Matthew E.

2013-01-01

Active commuting (AC) to the workplace is a potential strategy for incorporating physical activity into daily life and is associated with health benefits. This study examined the association between health-related factors and mode of travel to the workplace. Methods. A volunteer convenience sample of employed adults completed an online survey regarding demographics, health-related factors, and the number of times/week walking, biking, driving, and using public transit to work (dichotomized as...

Association between Municipal Health Promotion Volunteers' Health Literacy and Their Level of Outreach Activities in Japan.

Science.gov (United States)

Taguchi, Atsuko; Murayama, Hiroshi; Murashima, Sachiyo

2016-01-01

To explore the association between health literacy and levels of three types of core activities among health promotion volunteers (developing a healthy lifestyle, outreach to family, and outreach to community members). A cross-sectional, anonymous, self-administered postal survey of registered health promotion volunteers in the Konan area in Shiga Prefecture in Japan, conducted in January 2010. The study sample was 575 registered health promotion volunteers. The survey collected data on health literacy, gender, age, education, self-rated health, perceptions about the volunteer organization, and perceptions of recognition in the community. The level of engagement in health promotion activities was measured by the extent to which the participants engaged in seven healthy behaviors and promoted them to family members and the community. The authors compared the health literacy level and other characteristics of the participants by core health promotion activities, using a chi-squared test, to examine the associations between demographic and other variables and the three core activities (healthy lifestyle, outreach to family, and outreach to community).Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between the degree to which the volunteers engaged in core activities ("healthy lifestyle," "outreach to family," "outreach to community") and the levels of health literacy (low, medium, high) among health promotion volunteers, controlling for the effects of age, gender, health condition, education which may also have an impact on volunteers' outreach activities. Four hundred and fifty-four questionnaires were returned, a 79.0% response rate. Excluding 16 cases with missing values on health literacy or the degree of health promotion activities, 438 research subjects were included in the analysis (valid response rate: 76.2%). Health literacy and a few demographic and other characteristics of the volunteers were associated with the three core health

Association between Municipal Health Promotion Volunteers’ Health Literacy and Their Level of Outreach Activities in Japan

Science.gov (United States)

Taguchi, Atsuko; Murayama, Hiroshi; Murashima, Sachiyo

2016-01-01

Objectives To explore the association between health literacy and levels of three types of core activities among health promotion volunteers (developing a healthy lifestyle, outreach to family, and outreach to community members). Study Design A cross-sectional, anonymous, self-administered postal survey of registered health promotion volunteers in the Konan area in Shiga Prefecture in Japan, conducted in January 2010. The study sample was 575 registered health promotion volunteers. Methods The survey collected data on health literacy, gender, age, education, self-rated health, perceptions about the volunteer organization, and perceptions of recognition in the community. The level of engagement in health promotion activities was measured by the extent to which the participants engaged in seven healthy behaviors and promoted them to family members and the community. The authors compared the health literacy level and other characteristics of the participants by core health promotion activities, using a chi-squared test, to examine the associations between demographic and other variables and the three core activities (healthy lifestyle, outreach to family, and outreach to community).Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between the degree to which the volunteers engaged in core activities (“healthy lifestyle,” “outreach to family,” “outreach to community”) and the levels of health literacy (low, medium, high) among health promotion volunteers, controlling for the effects of age, gender, health condition, education which may also have an impact on volunteers’ outreach activities. Results Four hundred and fifty-four questionnaires were returned, a 79.0% response rate. Excluding 16 cases with missing values on health literacy or the degree of health promotion activities, 438 research subjects were included in the analysis (valid response rate: 76.2%). Health literacy and a few demographic and other characteristics of the

Characterizing implicit mental health associations across clinical domains.

Science.gov (United States)

Werntz, Alexandra J; Steinman, Shari A; Glenn, Jeffrey J; Nock, Matthew K; Teachman, Bethany A

2016-09-01

Implicit associations are relatively uncontrollable associations between concepts in memory. The current investigation focuses on implicit associations in four mental health domains (alcohol use, anxiety, depression, and eating disorders) and how these implicit associations: a) relate to explicit associations and b) self-reported clinical symptoms within the same domains, and c) vary based on demographic characteristics (age, gender, race, ethnicity, and education). Participants (volunteers over age 18 to a research website) completed implicit association (Implicit Association Tests), explicit association (self + psychopathology or attitudes toward food, using semantic differential items), and symptom measures at the Project Implicit Mental Health website tied to: alcohol use (N = 12,387), anxiety (N = 21,304), depression (N = 24,126), or eating disorders (N = 10,115). Within each domain, implicit associations showed small to moderate associations with explicit associations and symptoms, and predicted self-reported symptoms beyond explicit associations. In general, implicit association strength varied little by race and ethnicity, but showed small ties to age, gender, and education. This research was conducted on a public research and education website, where participants could take more than one of the studies. Among a large and diverse sample, implicit associations in the four domains are congruent with explicit associations and self-reported symptoms, and also add to our prediction of self-reported symptoms over and above explicit associations, pointing to the potential future clinical utility and validity of using implicit association measures with diverse populations. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries' collaboration with the Association of American Medical Colleges, Medical Library Association, and other organizations.

Science.gov (United States)

Jenkins, Carol G; Bader, Shelley A

2003-04-01

The Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries has made collaboration with other organizations a fundamental success strategy throughout its twenty-five year history. From the beginning its relationships with Association of American Medical Colleges and with the Medical Library Association have shaped its mission and influenced its success at promoting academic health sciences libraries' roles in their institutions. This article describes and evaluates those relationships. It also describes evolving relationships with other organizations including the National Library of Medicine and the Association of Research Libraries.

Fuentes documentales para la historia de la tecnología navarra en el Archivo de la Oficina Española de patentes y marcas: los expedientes de patentes (1878-1939)

OpenAIRE

Berzal Tejero, María Jesús

2009-01-01

El presente trabajo ofrece una visión general sobre las fuentes documentales para la historia de la tecnología Navarra conservadas en el Archivo de la Oficina Española de Patentes y Marcas. Se presenta un listado de los expedientes de patentes (1878-1939) solicitados por inventores residentes en Navarra. The present work shows a general view of the sources of the History of the technology in Navarra, which are conserved in the Archives of the Oficina Española de ...

The association between current unemployment and clinically determined poor oral health.

Science.gov (United States)

Al-Sudani, Fouad Y H; Vehkalahti, Miira M; Suominen, Anna L

2015-08-01

The aim of this study was to assess whether current unemployment was associated with poor oral health and whether there was a difference in oral health according to the duration of the current unemployment. As part of the Health 2000 Survey in Finland (a nationwide comprehensive health examination survey), we used its data based on interviews, questionnaires, and clinical oral examinations of the 30- to 63-year-old respondents (n = 4773). Current employment status was measured in its dichotomous form, employed versus unemployed, and length of current unemployment was classified into four categories. We measured oral health in terms of numbers of missing teeth, of sound teeth, of filled teeth, of decayed teeth, and of teeth with deepened periodontal pockets (≥4 mm, ≥6 mm). Poisson regression models were fitted for all oral health outcomes except number of decayed teeth, for which negative binomial regression model was used. Oral health-related behaviors and sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors were added to the analyses. The unemployed subjects had higher numbers of missing teeth, of decayed teeth, and of teeth with periodontal pockets than the employed ones. The association remained consistent even after adjustments. Oral health-related behaviors seemed to mediate the association. We found no association between unemployment and number of sound teeth. Current long-term unemployment showed stronger association with poor oral health than short-term among women. The unemployed can be considered as a risk group for poor oral health. Oral healthcare should be reoriented toward those who are unemployed. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Ejemplos de represión contra comunistas españoles y franceses en 1939 en el centro-oeste de Francia (departamento de la Haute-Vienne

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eva Leger

2010-11-01

Full Text Available La Haute-Vienne acogió en febrero de 1939 a más de 2.700 civiles españoles refugiados en Francia. Se trata de un departamento esencialmente rural, excepto la capital, conocida por su tradición obrera muy fuerte. Esta tierra fue bastante hospitalaria para los españoles, a pesar de los ataques de la prensa de derecha, entreteniendo el mito del “rojo” español. Entonces, los refugiados fueron objeto de una estricta vigilancia por parte del Estado francés (gobierno Daladier. Se impidió todo tipo de contacto entre los comunistas españoles y franceses, en un contexto de repatriaciones, a veces forzadas, hacia la España franquista. En este artículo, me propongo presentar algunos casos de represión contra los españoles y contra los comunistas, a partir de informes policiales o prefectorales de la Haute-Vienne.Palabras Claves: memoria histórica; exilio; republicanos; Francia; Guerra Civil española___________________________ABSTRACT:In February 1939, Haute-Vienne department accommodated more than 2700 spanish civilians’ refugees.  This department is mainly rural except the capital where there is a strong working class tradition. This land was in general welcoming for refugees, in spite of the attacks of conservative press, which maintained the myth of the “red spanish”. Thus, Spanish refugees were under a strong surveillance by the French state (the Daladier’s government. Any contact between Spanish communists and French was avoided, in a context of repatriation, sometimes forced, back to pro-Franco Spain. This article will present some cases of repression against Spanish and communists that appear in reports from the police and the prefecture of the Haute-Vienne.Keywords: France, Spanish Civil War, exile, historical memory

original article health services utilization and associated factors

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Abrham

utilization of health services and associated factors in Jimma zone, south west Ethiopia. METHODS: A cross .... The sample size was calculated using Epi-Info 3.3.2 ... Before the start of data collection, the proposal was submitted to the ... Table 1. Health services access in Jimma zone, Southwest Ethiopia, February 2007.

Place, health, and community attachment: Is community capacity associated with self-rated health at the individual level?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sarah A. Lovell

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Community-level interventions dominate contemporary public health responses to health inequalities as a lack of political will has discouraged action at a structural level. Health promoters commonly leverage community capacity to achieve programme goals, yet the health implications of low community capacity are unknown. In this study, we analyse perceptions of community capacity at the individual-level to explore how place-based understandings of identity and connectedness are associated with self-rated health. We examine associations between individual community capacity, self-rated health and income using a cross-sectional survey that was disseminated to 303 residents of four small (populations 1500–2000 New Zealand towns. Evidence indicating a relationship between individual community capacity and self-reported health was unconvincing once the effects of income were incorporated. That is, people who rated their community's capacity higher did not have better self-rated health. Much stronger evidence supported the relationship between income and both higher individual community capacity and higher self-rated health. We conclude that individual community capacity may mediate the positive association between income and health, however, overall we find no evidence suggesting that intervening to enhance individual community capacity is likely to improve health outcomes.

Um Professor de Paleontologia: Ignácio Brito (1938-2001

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diógenes de Almeida Campos

2001-01-01

Full Text Available 11 Anuário do Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ Volume 24 / 2001 Um Professor de Paleontologia: Ignacio Brito (1938-2001 Diogenes de Almeida Campos Museu de Ciências da Terra - DNPM Ignacio Aureliano Machado Brito, nascido no Rio de Janeiro, em 29 de junho de 1938, filho de Gratuliano da Costa Brito e de Adelaide Machado Brito, realizou seus estudos de nível médio no Colégio Mallet Soares, tendo concluído os mesmos em 1956. Suas atividades profissionais foram desenvolvidas primeiramente como jornalista, de 1958 a 1960, como repórter auxiliar da Revista da semana e do Eu sei tudo, além de lecionar em cursos de pré-vestibular. Concluiu o bacharelado e a licenciatura em história natural pela Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia da Universidade do Brasil, em 1960, e logo ingressou na Petrobrás, fazendo, em Salvador, o curso do CENAP e obtendo o diploma de geólogo de petróleo, fornecido pela Universidade Federal da Bahia, em 1962. Apesar dos trabalhos de rotina do laboratório de Paleontologia da Petrobrás, dedicou-se ao estudo dos microfósseis do Paleozóico brasileiro. Paralelamente a suas atividades como paleontólogo da Petrobrás, ministrou aulas de Paleontologia e Geologia Histórica na Escola de Geologia da Universidade Federal da Bahia, de 1962 a 1965. Deixou a Petrobrás, em 1965, e foi, como bolsista da CAPES, para a Stanford University, na Califórnia, onde defendeu tese intitulada Os Acritarcha e sua utilização na estratigrafia siluriana e devoniana do Brasil, obtendo o título de Master of Sciences, em 1966. De volta ao Brasil, foi, em janeiro de 1966, para o Rio de Janeiro, a convite de Paulo Erichsen de Oliveira ( -1969, passando a conciliar sua pesquisa com os amonitas da seção de Paleontologia do DNPM e suas aulas no Instituto de Geociências da UFRJ, ainda no largo de São Francisco. Logo deixaria o DNPM, em 1968, passando a dedicar-se às atividades de ensino, pesquisa e administração do Instituto de Geociências at

Towards a synthesised network approach: An analysis of UK nuclear and renewable (wave) energy programme 1939-1985

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Watt, R.N.

1998-05-01

This thesis is concerned with two broad areas of interest: network interpretations of policy processes and alternative sources of energy. All three network interpretations examined (policy networks, actor networks and advocacy coalitions) stress different variables when examining policy processes. Equally, each can be criticised for over-emphasising their chosen variable. However, I shall argue that these flaws do not constitute grounds for dismissing any of these approaches. Several authors have suggested that we combine the merits of these network approaches but so far this has not been attempted. A central aim of this thesis is to develop a synthesis of the merits of each network approach which I argue offers a more robust means of interpreting policy processes. These ideas are then applied to an examination of the relationship between the UK civil nuclear programme (1939-1985) and the UK wave energy programme (1974-1985). Existing literature argues that the nuclear establishment used its considerable influence to undermine the wave energy programme. With the aid of a synthesised network approach, I argue that the nuclear conspiracy narrative is an over-simplification of this particular policy process. (author)

The Association Between Sexual Health and Physical, Mental, and Social Health in Adolescent Women.

Science.gov (United States)

Hensel, Devon J; Nance, Jennifer; Fortenberry, J Dennis

2016-10-01

Developmental models link sexual well-being to physical, mental/emotional, and social well-being, yet little empirical literature evaluates these relationships in adolescents. Better understanding of how and when sexuality complements other aspects of health may yield important points to enhance existing health education and prevention efforts. Data were drawn from a 10-year longitudinal cohort study of sexual relationships and sexual behavior among adolescent women (N = 387; 14-17 years at enrollment). Sexual health data were drawn from quarterly partner-specific interviews and were linked to physical, mental/emotional, and social health information in annual questionnaires. Random intercept, mixed effects linear, ordinal logistic, or binary logistic regression were used to estimate the influence of sexual health on health and well-being outcomes (Stata, v.23, StataCorp, College Station, TX). All models controlled for participant age and race/ethnicity. Higher sexual health was significantly associated with less frequent nicotine and substance use, lower self-reported depression, lower thrill seeking, higher self-esteem, having fewer friends who use substances, higher religiosity, better social integration, lower frequency of delinquent behavior and crime, and more frequent community group membership. Sexual health was not associated with the number of friends who used cigarettes. Positive sexually related experiences in romantic relationships during adolescence may complement physical, mental/emotional, and social health. Addressing specific aspects of healthy sexual development during clinical encounters could dually help primary prevention and health education address other common adolescent health issues. Copyright © 2016 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Association between oral health and gastric precancerous lesions.

Science.gov (United States)

Salazar, Christian R; Francois, Fritz; Li, Yihong; Corby, Patricia; Hays, Rosemary; Leung, Celine; Bedi, Sukhleen; Segers, Stephanie; Queiroz, Erica; Sun, Jinghua; Wang, Beverly; Ho, Hao; Craig, Ronald; Cruz, Gustavo D; Blaser, Martin J; Perez-Perez, Guillermo; Hayes, Richard B; Dasanayake, Ananda; Pei, Zhiheng; Chen, Yu

2012-02-01

Although recent studies have suggested that tooth loss is positively related to the risk of gastric non-cardia cancer, the underlying oral health conditions potentially responsible for the association remain unknown. We investigated whether clinical and behavioral measures of oral health are associated with the risk of gastric precancerous lesions. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 131 patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Cases were defined as those with gastric precancerous lesions including intestinal metaplasia or chronic atrophic gastritis on the basis of standard biopsy review. A validated structured questionnaire was administered to obtain information on oral health behaviors. A comprehensive clinical oral health examination was performed on a subset of 91 patients to evaluate for periodontal disease and dental caries experience. A total of 41 (31%) cases of gastric precancerous lesions were identified. Compared with non-cases, cases were significantly more likely to not floss their teeth [odds ratio (OR) = 2.89, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09-7.64], adjusting for age, sex, race, body mass index, smoking status, educational attainment and Helicobacter pylori status in serum. Among participants who completed the oral examination, cases (n = 28) were more likely to have a higher percentage of sites with gingival bleeding than non-cases [OR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.37-5.05 for a standard deviation increase in bleeding sites (equivalent to 19.7%)], independent of potential confounders. Our findings demonstrate that specific oral health conditions and behaviors such as gingival bleeding and tooth flossing are associated with gastric precancerous lesions.

Energy drink consumption among New Zealand adolescents: Associations with mental health, health risk behaviours and body size.

Science.gov (United States)

Utter, Jennifer; Denny, Simon; Teevale, Tasileta; Sheridan, Janie

2018-03-01

With the increase in popularity of energy drinks come multiple concerns about the associated health indicators of young people. The current study aims to describe the frequency of consumption of energy drinks in a nationally representative sample of adolescents and to explore the relationship between energy drink consumption and health risk behaviours, body size and mental health. Data were collected as part of Youth'12, a nationally representative survey of high school students in New Zealand (2012). In total, 8500 students answered a comprehensive questionnaire about their health and well-being, including multiple measures of mental well-being, and were weighed and measured for height. More than one-third (35%) of young people consumed energy drinks in the past week, and 12% consumed energy drinks four or more times in the past week. Energy drink consumption was significantly associated with greater depressive symptoms, greater emotional difficulties and lower general subjective well-being. Frequent energy drink consumption was also associated with binge drinking, smoking, engagement in unsafe sex, violent behaviours, risky motor vehicle use and disordered eating behaviours. There was no association between consumption of energy drinks and student body size. Consumption of energy drinks is associated with a range of health risk behaviours for young people. Strategies to limit consumption of energy drinks by young people are warranted. © 2017 Paediatrics and Child Health Division (The Royal Australasian College of Physicians).

Systematic review of pediatric health outcomes associated with childhood adversity.

Science.gov (United States)

Oh, Debora Lee; Jerman, Petra; Silvério Marques, Sara; Koita, Kadiatou; Purewal Boparai, Sukhdip Kaur; Burke Harris, Nadine; Bucci, Monica

2018-02-23

Early detection of and intervention in childhood adversity has powerful potential to improve the health and well-being of children. A systematic review was conducted to better understand the pediatric health outcomes associated with childhood adversity. PubMed, PsycArticles, and CINAHL were searched for relevant articles. Longitudinal studies examining various adverse childhood experiences and biological health outcomes occurring prior to age 20 were selected. Mental and behavioral health outcomes were excluded, as were physical health outcomes that were a direct result of adversity (i.e. abusive head trauma). Data were extracted and risk of bias was assessed by 2 independent reviewers. After identifying 15940 records, 35 studies were included in this review. Selected studies indicated that exposure to childhood adversity was associated with delays in cognitive development, asthma, infection, somatic complaints, and sleep disruption. Studies on household dysfunction reported an effect on weight during early childhood, and studies on maltreatment reported an effect on weight during adolescence. Maternal mental health issues were associated with elevated cortisol levels, and maltreatment was associated with blunted cortisol levels in childhood. Furthermore, exposure to childhood adversity was associated with alterations of immune and inflammatory response and stress-related accelerated telomere erosion. Childhood adversity affects brain development and multiple body systems, and the physiologic manifestations can be detectable in childhood. A history of childhood adversity should be considered in the differential diagnosis of developmental delay, asthma, recurrent infections requiring hospitalization, somatic complaints, and sleep disruption. The variability in children's response to adversity suggests complex underlying mechanisms and poses a challenge in the development of uniform diagnostic guidelines. More large longitudinal studies are needed to better

Anfíbios Anuros da coleção Adolpho Lutz: III - Hyla claresignata Lutz & B. Lutz, 1939

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Bertha Lutz

1948-12-01

Full Text Available Hyla claresignata Lutz & Lutz, 1939, is a large species apparently not closely allied to the other known Brazilian hylas. It is characterized by the very small tympanum; the head is short and the snout rounded; the legs are long, the hands and feet unusually large, the latter extensively webbbed. The specific name is derived from the insular, irregular, or roughly triangular, dark spots, with a light halo, found mostly in the dorso-lateral region and on the legs. It belongs to the rain-forest fauna of the Marítime Range. The adult is a bromeliad-dweller and the tadpole rhyacophilous. DESCRIPTION. Vomerine teeth in two separate, oblique, groups, behind the large choanae, parallel to the posterior half of their inner border. Tongue entire, short, very broad and hardly free behind. Snout short, rounded, with distinct canthus rostralis and gradually sloping loreal region. Eye very large and prominent, its horizontal diameter almost equal to the distance between its anterior corner and the tip of the snout. Tympanum very small, less than one third of the diameter of the eye, but distinct, partly covered by a short, heavy ridge. Lateral fingers less than one third webbed; fourth finger slightly longer than the second, just reaching the base of the disk of the third; subarticular tubercles well developed; an angular pollex rudiment, more noticeable in the males. Toes almost completely webbed, the edge of the web inserted at the base of the disk on the third and the fifth; an inner metatarsal tubercle. Skin smooth above, granular beneath, on the throat minutely so. No dermal appendage on the hell. Habit robust, head broader than long, body rather heavy, slightly narrowed in the postaxillary region. Legs long, the tibiotarsal articulation reaching beyond the tip of the snout when adpressed. Type (female: 61 mm. (Fig. 1. DIAGNOSIS of TADPOLE (by G. Orton. "A large specialized, mountain-stream tadpole, with wide head an elongated, flattened snout, greatly

Association between self-reported health and sociodemographic characteristics with cardiovascular diseases in adults

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guilherme Oliveira de Arruda

2015-02-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE To assess the association of sociodemographic and self-rated health in the presence of cardiovascular diseases and the association of this perception with the type of disease. METHODS A cross-sectional population survey study carried out with 1,232 individuals aged between 20 and 59 years of both genders living in the metropolitan region of Maringá-PR. Data were analyzed using multiple and simple logistic regression. RESULTS In multivariate analysis, the age range and self-rated health were associated with cardiovascular disease, and in the univariate analysis self-rated regular health was associated with arterial hypertension, while self-rated poor health was associated to heart failure, stroke, and to acute myocardial infarction (heart attack. CONCLUSION The differences in association of self-rated health with these diseases can indicate how individuals with certain characteristics cope with the disease, allowing for more individualized and specific health care.

Methods of Economic Valuation of The Health Risks Associated with Nanomaterials

Science.gov (United States)

Shalhevet, S.; Haruvy, N.

The worldwide market for nanomaterials is growing rapidly, but relatively little is still known about the potential risks associated with these materials. The potential health hazards associated with exposure to nanomaterials may lead in the future to increased health costs as well as increased economic costs to the companies involved, as has happened in the past in the case of asbestos. Therefore, it is important to make an initial estimate of the potential costs associated with these health hazards, and to prepare ahead with appropriate health insurance for individuals and financial insurance for companies. While several studies have examined the environmental and health hazards of different nanomaterials by performing life cycle impact assessments, so far these studies have concentrated on the cost of production, and did not estimate the economic impact of the health hazards. This paper discusses methods of evaluating the economic impact of potential health hazards on the public. The proposed method is based on using life cycle impact assessment studies of nanomaterials to estimate the DALYs (Disability Adjusted Life Years) associated with the increased probability of these health hazards. The economic valuation of DALY's can be carried out based on the income lost and the costs of medical treatment. The total expected increase in cost depends on the increase in the statistical probability of each disease.

The Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries' legislative activities and the Joint Medical Library Association/Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries Legislative Task Force

OpenAIRE

Zenan, Joan S.

2003-01-01

The Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries' (AAHSL's) involvement in national legislative activities and other advocacy initiatives has evolved and matured over the last twenty-five years. Some activities conducted by the Medical Library Association's (MLA's) Legislative Committee from 1976 to 1984 are highlighted to show the evolution of MLA's and AAHSL's interests in collaborating on national legislative issues, which resulted in an agreement to form a joint legislative task forc...

The association between role overload and women's mental health.

Science.gov (United States)

Glynn, Keva; Maclean, Heather; Forte, Tonia; Cohen, Marsha

2009-02-01

To determine the importance of role overload (the extent to which a person feels overwhelmed by her total responsibilities) relative to other known social determinants of women's mental health. A Canadian national, random sample, cross-sectional telephone survey in 2003 assessed the association among role overload, types and quality of roles (parent, employee, spouse), sociodemographics, and mental health (using the SF-12) using linear regression. Analysis included 716 women aged 25-54 who indicated that their youngest child living in the household was aged < or =17 years. Perceptions of greater role overload were associated with poorer mental health (p < 0.0001). Women working <35 hours per week (p = 0.04) or 35-40 hours per week (p 5 0.002) reported better mental health than nonemployed women, as did women with the highest annual household income ($70,000+)(p = 0.001). Also associated with better mental health were higher marital status quality scores for both married and single women (p < 0.001), higher job quality scores among employed women (p = 0.02), greater homemaking quality scores among unemployed women (p = 0.03), and women reporting high parental quality (p = 0.04) Role overload showed a stronger relationship to mental health than other sociodemographic variables, including income. Our findings indicate the importance of measuring women's experience of their multiple roles rather than focusing on single roles. More research is warranted on the totality of women's experiences of their many social role obligations.

Malaria and World War II: German malaria experiments 1939-45.

Science.gov (United States)

Eckart, W U; Vondra, H

2000-06-01

The epidemiological and pharmacological fight against malaria and German malaria research during the Nazi dictatorship were completely under the spell of war. The Oberkommando des Heeres (German supreme command of the army) suffered the bitter experience of unexpected high losses caused by malaria especially at the Greek front (Metaxes line) but also in southern Russia and in the Ukraine. Hastily raised anti-malaria units tried to teach soldiers how to use the synthetic malaria drugs (Plasmochine, Atebrine) properly. Overdoses of these drugs were numerous during the first half of the war whereas in the second half it soon became clear that it would not be possible to support the army due to insufficient quantities of plasmochine and atebrine. During both running fights and troop withdrawals at all southern and southeastern fronts there was hardly any malaria prophylaxis or treatment. After war and captivity many soldiers returned home to endure heavy malaria attacks. In German industrial (Bayer, IG-Farben) and military malaria laboratories of the Heeres-Sanitäts-Akademie (Army Medical Academy) the situation was characterised by a hasty search for proper dosages of anti-malaria drugs, adequate mechanical and chemical prophylaxis (Petroleum, DDT, and other insecticides) as well as an anti-malaria vaccine. Most importantly, large scale research for proper atebrine and plasmochine dosages was conducted in German concentration camps and mental homes. In Dachau Professor Claus Schilling tested synthetic malaria drugs and injected helpless prisoners with high and sometimes lethal doses. Since the 1920s he had been furiously looking for an anti-malaria vaccine in Italian mental homes and from 1939 he continued his experiments in Dachau. Similar experiments were also performed in Buchenwald and in a psychiatric clinic in Thuringia, where Professor Gerhard Rose tested malaria drugs with mentally ill Russian prisoners of war. Schilling was put to death for his criminal

Association between hyperglycemia and retinopathy of prematurity: a systemic review and meta-analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Au, Sunny C. L.; Tang, Shu-Min; Rong, Shi-Song; Chen, Li-Jia; Yam, Jason C. S.

2015-01-01

As the role of hyperglycemia in the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) has not been well established, a meta-analysis of the association between hyperglycemia and ROP was conducted. Studies were identified through literature search in MEDLINE and EMBASE up to June 20, 2014 with keywords related to “hyperglycaemia” and “ROP”. Nine eligible studies involving 1939 neonates with 509 cases of ROP were included. Unadjusted analyses showed that hyperglycemia was significantly associated with ROP (Odds ratio [OR] = 4.16, Phyperglycemia (Standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.21, Phyperglycemia with ROP (adjusted OR 1.08, P = 0.03); and no significant association on mean glucose level with ROP (adjusted OR = 1.08, P = 0.15). Hence, hyperglycemia cannot be definitely considered as a risk factor for ROP, and further studies should adjust for potential confounding factors to clarify this association. PMID:25766465

Perceived workplace health support is associated with employee productivity.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Lu; Hannon, Peggy A; Laing, Sharon S; Kohn, Marlana J; Clark, Kathleen; Pritchard, Scott; Harris, Jeffrey R

2015-01-01

To examine the relationship between perceived workplace health support and employee productivity. A quantitative cross-sectional study. Washington State agencies. A total of 3528 employees from six state agencies were included in this analysis. Perceived workplace health support was assessed by two questions that queried respondents on how often they felt supported by the workplace for healthy living and physical activity. The Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire was used to measure health-related absenteeism and presenteeism in the past 7 days. Multivariate linear regression was used to estimate the mean differences in productivity by levels of perceived health support. Most participants were between 45 and 64 years of age and were predominantly non-Hispanic white. Presenteeism varied significantly by the level of perceived workplace health support, with those who felt least supported having higher presenteeism than those who felt most supported. The difference in presenteeism by perceived workplace support remained significant in models adjusting for sociodemographic and health characteristics (mean difference: 7.1% for support for healthy living, 95% confidence interval: 3.7%, 10.4%; 4.3% for support for physical activity, 95% confidence interval: 1.7%, 6.8%). Absenteeism was not associated with perceived workplace health support. Higher perceived workplace health support is independently associated with higher work productivity. Employers may see productivity benefit from wellness programs through improved perceptions of workplace health support.

Association between cultural distance and migrant self-rated health

OpenAIRE

Detollenaere, Jens; Baert, Stijn; Willems, Sara

2018-01-01

Abstract: We study whether migrant health in Europe is associated with the cultural distance between their host country and country of origin. To this end, we run multilevel regression models on data merging self-rated health and social background of ae3800 migrants from the European Social Survey with an index of cultural distance based on country differences in values, norms and attitudes measured in the World Values Survey. We find that higher levels of cultural distance are associated wit...

Reptile-associated salmonellosis in children aged under 5 years in South West England.

Science.gov (United States)

Murphy, Dan; Oshin, Femi

2015-04-01

To determine the proportion of Salmonella cases in children aged reptile-associated salmonellosis (RAS) and to compare the severity of illness. To analyse all cases of salmonellosis reported to public health authorities in children aged under 5 years in the South West of the UK from January 2010 to December 2013 for reptile exposure, age, serotype, hospitalisation and invasive disease. 48 of 175 (27%) Salmonella cases had exposure to reptiles. The median age of RAS cases was significantly lower than non-RAS cases (0.5 vs 1.0 year). RAS cases were 2.5 times more likely to be hospitalised (23/48) compared with non-RAS cases (25/127; p=0.0002). This trend continued in cases aged under 12 months, with significantly more RAS cases hospitalised (19/38) than non-RAS cases (8/42; p=0.003). Significantly more RAS cases had invasive disease (8/48: 5 bacteraemia, 2 meningitis, 1 colitis) than non-RAS cases (4/127: 3 bacteraemia, 1 meningitis). Reptile exposure was found in over a quarter of all reported Salmonella cases in children under 5 years of age. RAS is associated with young age, hospitalisation and invasive disease. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.

Stress, Health Behavior, and Sleep as Mediators of the Association between Loneliness and Adverse Health Conditions among Older People

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christiansen, Julie

was significantly associated with poor self-rated health, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and migraine. In addition, high perceived stress, physical inactivity, problems with alcohol, and poor sleep demonstrated an indirect effect on the association between loneliness and adverse health conditions. The findings......Prior research has established an association between loneliness and a variety of negative health conditions among older people. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the association. The Loneliness Model seeks to explain the mechanisms through which chronic loneliness might...... affect the development of adverse health conditions. The present study was designed to test the explanation proposed by the Loneliness Model. The sample consisted of 8.593 elderly ranging from 65 to 103 years participating in the 2013 Public Health Survey; “How are you?”. Results showed that loneliness...

Associations of blood lead, cadmium, and mercury with estimated glomerular filtration rate in the Korean general population: Analysis of 2008-2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Yangho [Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan (Korea, Republic of); Lee, Byung-Kook, E-mail: bklee@sch.ac.kr [Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Soonchunhyang University 646 Eupnae-ri, Shinchang-myun, Asan-si, Choongnam 336-745 (Korea, Republic of)

2012-10-15

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate associations between blood lead, cadmium, and mercury levels with estimated glomerular filtration rate in a general population of South Korean adults. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study based on data obtained in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) (2008-2010). The final analytical sample consisted of 5924 participants. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the MDRD Study equation as an indicator of glomerular function. Results: In multiple linear regression analysis of log2-transformed blood lead as a continuous variable on eGFR, after adjusting for covariates including cadmium and mercury, the difference in eGFR levels associated with doubling of blood lead were -2.624 mL/min per 1.73 m Superscript-Two (95% CI: -3.803 to -1.445). In multiple linear regression analysis using quartiles of blood lead as the independent variable, the difference in eGFR levels comparing participants in the highest versus the lowest quartiles of blood lead was -3.835 mL/min per 1.73 m Superscript-Two (95% CI: -5.730 to -1.939). In a multiple linear regression analysis using blood cadmium and mercury, as continuous or categorical variables, as independent variables, neither metal was a significant predictor of eGFR. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CI values for reduced eGFR calculated for log2-transformed blood metals and quartiles of the three metals showed similar trends after adjustment for covariates. Discussion: In this large, representative sample of South Korean adults, elevated blood lead level was consistently associated with lower eGFR levels and with the prevalence of reduced eGFR even in blood lead levels below 10 {mu}g/dL. In conclusion, elevated blood lead level was associated with lower eGFR in a Korean general population, supporting the role of lead as a risk factor for chronic kidney disease.

Volunteering is prospectively associated with health care use among older adults.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Eric S; Konrath, Sara H

2016-01-01

Although observational and experimental studies have shown that volunteering is linked with better mental health, physical health, and health behaviors, no studies have examined whether volunteering is associated with patterns of health care use. The purpose of this study was to prospectively examine whether volunteering was associated with a greater use of preventive health care services, but fewer doctor visits and nights spent in the hospital. Participants (n = 7168) were drawn from the 2006 wave of the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative panel study of American adults over the age of 51, and tracked for one wave (2 years). Logistic regression and generalized linear models were used for analyses. In analyses that adjusted for sociodemographic factors and baseline health, volunteers were 30% more likely to receive flu shots (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.16-1.47), 47% more likely to receive cholesterol tests (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.24-1.74); female volunteers were 53% more likely to receive mammograms/x-rays (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.28-1.83) and 21% more likely to receive Pap smears (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.03-1.41); male volunteers were 59% more likely to receive prostate exams (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.29-1.95). In a model that adjusted for sociodemographic factors, volunteers spent 38% fewer nights in the hospital (RR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.52-0.76), however volunteering was not associated with frequency of doctor visits (RR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.87-1.02). The association between volunteering and number of nights spent in the hospital was minimally affected after adjusting for potential confounding (baseline health) and explanatory variables (health behaviors, social integration, stress, positive psychological factors, personality). This is the first known study to examine the association between volunteering and health care use. If future studies replicate these findings, the results may be used to inform the development of new

Association of social isolation and health across different racial and ethnic groups of older Americans.

Science.gov (United States)

Miyawaki, Christina E

2015-11-01

Social isolation is a social and public health problem that affects people of all ages, especially elders. Previous studies have found that social isolation across numerous industrialised countries is associated with negative health outcomes. However, it is unknown whether and how this association differs by race/ethnicity and age. To begin to address this gap, this study examines the association of social isolation and physical and mental health among Black, White and Hispanic elders in the United States of America. Building on Cornwell and Waite's perceived isolation and social disconnectedness dimension model of social isolation, the author used multi-stage survey data from a nationally representative sample of 3,005 community-residing adults aged 57-85 from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. Tests for association were conducted on health by age, gender, marital status, education and race/ethnicity separately. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to test the association of social isolation and health exclusively and separately among these three groups. Results showed that social isolation is strongly associated with physical and mental health. Both perceived isolation and social disconnectedness had a significant negative association with physical and mental health among White elders. For Blacks, social disconnectedness is negatively associated with their physical health while perceived isolation had a negative association with mental health. Among Hispanic elders, there seemed to be no association between social isolation and physical health, but a significant negative association was found with their mental health. Despite various associated patterns, however, social isolation overall was associated with health outcomes that were similar across three elder groups. By identifying factors influencing social isolation and health among minority older Americans, this study has relevance to the development of culturally sensitive health

Doses of Nearby Nature Simultaneously Associated with Multiple Health Benefits

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel T. C. Cox

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Exposure to nature provides a wide range of health benefits. A significant proportion of these are delivered close to home, because this offers an immediate and easily accessible opportunity for people to experience nature. However, there is limited information to guide recommendations on its management and appropriate use. We apply a nature dose-response framework to quantify the simultaneous association between exposure to nearby nature and multiple health benefits. We surveyed ca. 1000 respondents in Southern England, UK, to determine relationships between (a nature dose type, that is the frequency and duration (time spent in private green space and intensity (quantity of neighbourhood vegetation cover of nature exposure and (b health outcomes, including mental, physical and social health, physical behaviour and nature orientation. We then modelled dose-response relationships between dose type and self-reported depression. We demonstrate positive relationships between nature dose and mental and social health, increased physical activity and nature orientation. Dose-response analysis showed that lower levels of depression were associated with minimum thresholds of weekly nature dose. Nearby nature is associated with quantifiable health benefits, with potential for lowering the human and financial costs of ill health. Dose-response analysis has the potential to guide minimum and optimum recommendations on the management and use of nearby nature for preventative healthcare.

The flavoprotein Mcap0476 (RlmFO) catalyzes m5U1939 modification in Mycoplasma capricolum 23S rRNA

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lartigue, Carole; Lebaudy, Anne; Blanchard, Alain

2014-01-01

Efficient protein synthesis in all organisms requires the post-transcriptional methylation of specific ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA) nucleotides. The methylation reactions are almost invariably catalyzed by enzymes that use S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) as the methyl g...... specifically modifies m5U1939 in 23S rRNA, a conserved methylation catalyzed by AdoMet-dependent enzymes in all other characterized bacteria. The Mcap0476 methyltransferase (renamed RlmFO) represents the first folate-dependent flavoprotein seen to modify ribosomal RNA.......Efficient protein synthesis in all organisms requires the post-transcriptional methylation of specific ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA) nucleotides. The methylation reactions are almost invariably catalyzed by enzymes that use S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) as the methyl...... group donor. One noteworthy exception is seen in some bacteria, where the conserved tRNA methylation at m5U54 is added by the enzyme TrmFO using flavin adenine dinucleotide together with N5,N10-methylenetetrahydrofolate as the one-carbon donor. The minimalist bacterium Mycoplasma capricolum possesses...

Secondhand Smoking Is Associated with Poor Mental Health in Korean Adolescents.

Science.gov (United States)

Bang, Inho; Jeong, Young-Jin; Park, Young-Yoon; Moon, Na-Yeon; Lee, Junyong; Jeon, Tae-Hee

2017-08-01

In Korea, the prevalence of depression is increasing in adolescents and the most common cause of death of adolescents has been reported as suicide. At a time of increasing predicament of mental health of adolescents, there are few studies on whether secondhand smoking is associated with mental health in adolescents. The objective of this study was to determine whether exposure to secondhand smoke is associated with mental health-related variables, such as depression, stress, and suicide, in Korean adolescents. Data from the eleventh Korea youth risk behavior web-based survey, a nationally representative survey of 62,708 participants (30,964 males and 31,744 females), were analyzed. For students of aged 12 to 18 years, extensive data including secondhand smoking, mental health, sociodemographic variables, and physical health were collected. Chi-square analysis, multiple logistic regression analysis and ordered logistic regression analysis were performed to estimate the association and dose-response relation between secondhand smoking and mental health. Compared with the non-exposed group, the odds ratios (OR) of depression, stress, suicidal ideation, suicidal planning and suicidal attempt in the secondhand smoking exposed group were 1.339, 1.192, 1.303, 1.437 and 1.505, respectively (all P mental health related variable, in a dose-response relation. Our findings suggest that secondhand smoking is associated with poor mental health such as depression, stress, and suicide, showing a dose-response relation in Korean adolescents.

L’histoire photographique de l’Amérique selon Robert Taft (Photography and the American Scene, 1938

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François BRUNET

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Cet article explore la signification et les usages des notions d’« histoire sociale » et de « valeur historique » dans l’ouvrage de Robert Taft, Photography and the American Scene, A Social History 1839-1889 (1938, une référence classique et toujours admise sur la photographie américaine du XIXe siècle, sans être généralement interrogée en tant qu’entreprise historique. On évoque d’abord le contexte de sa publication, avant d’analyser les catégories discursives utilisées par Taft, en commençant par son insistance à repérer les « premières » de la photographie américaine (premier portrait, premier usage de la photographie dans l’exploration de l’Ouest, etc.. Deux concepts implicites dans le livre sont isolés : « l’image-événement », ou image qui fait l’histoire, les deux principaux exemples étant la série de portraits d’Abraham Lincoln par Mathew Brady, censés avoir influencé l’élection de 1860, et les photos de Yellowstone par William H. Jackson (1871, supposées avoir favorisé le vote de la loi créant le Parc National ; puis « l’image-document », témoignage visuel sur la « scène » américaine, que Taft encourage ses lecteurs à collectionner et étudier, comme pour promouvoir la pratique populaire de l’histoire. Les deux dimensions, épique et démocratique, de l’histoire de Taft se reflètent dans son traitement de Mathew Brady, « historien photographique », véritable foyer, en même temps que modèle, de cette histoire.This article examines the meanings and uses of “social history” and “historical value” in Robert Taft’s Photography and the American Scene, A Social History 1839-1889 (1938, a classic text still received as a major reference on 19th-century American photography and yet rarely questioned in its own right as a historical enterprise. We briefly address the context of the book, before analyzing its main discursive categories, starting

Health promotion behaviors in adolescents: prevalence and association with mental health status in a statewide sample.

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Adrian, Molly; Charlesworth-Attie, Sarah; Vander Stoep, Ann; McCauley, Elizabeth; Becker, Linda

2014-04-01

The purpose of this study is to estimate the proportion of adolescents meeting Healthy People 2020 health behavior recommendations for the prevention of chronic disease and to determine the association between mental health status (depression and/or conduct problems) and the likelihood of meeting these recommendations. The data used for this study are from the 2010 Washington State Healthy Youth Survey. Descriptive statistics and linear regression were utilized to estimate the proportion of adolescents meeting recommendations and associations between youth mental health status indicators and health-promoting behaviors. A small minority (5.8 %) of youth met all six recommendations in domains of tobacco abstinence, substance use abstinence, daily physical activity, breakfast consumption, weight below obese levels, and adequate sleep, though most (84.3 %) met at least three. At the aggregate level, the proportion of Washington State youth who met Healthy People 2020 guidelines exceeded targets, with the exception of substance use abstinence. A minority of youth reported guideline levels of daily physical activity (23.3 %) and sleep (39.8 %). Mental health status was strongly associated with the number of health-promoting behaviors adolescents endorsed. Interventions to increase the adoption of sleep hygiene and exercise habits should be added to an integrative positive youth development framework within school-, community-, and primary care-based adolescent health initiatives. Attention to adolescent mental health and shared risk factors may be critical for reducing barriers to healthy behavior.

The Prevalence of Postgraduate Education in Youth Health Among High School Clinicians and Associated Student Health Outcomes.

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Denny, Simon; Farrant, Bridget; Utter, Jennifer; Fleming, Theresa; Bullen, Pat; Peiris-John, Roshini; Clark, Terryann

2016-11-01

Despite numerous calls to improve training in adolescent health, there is little known about the prevalence or effectiveness of specialized training in adolescent health. A two-stage random sampling cluster design was used to collect nationally representative data from 8,500 students from 91 high schools. Student data were linked to data from a survey of school health clinicians from participating schools on their level of training in youth health. Multilevel models accounting for demographic characteristics of students were used to estimate the association between nurses and physicians training in youth health and health outcomes among students. Almost all nurses and physicians reported some training in youth health, either having attended lectures or study days in youth health (n = 60, 80%) or completed postgraduate papers in youth health (n = 13, 17.3%). Students in schools where the nurses and physicians had received postgraduate training in youth health were less likely than students from schools with clinicians having attended lectures or study days in youth health to report emotional and behavior difficulties (11.8 vs. 12.7, p = .002) and binge drinking (19.6% vs. 24.9%, p = .03). There were no significant associations between depressive symptoms, suicide risk, cigarette, marijuana, contraception use, or motor vehicle risk behaviors among students and level of training among clinicians in their schools' health service. Postgraduate training in youth health among nurses and physicians in school health services is associated with fewer students reporting mental health difficulties and binge alcohol use. These findings support specialized training in youth health for clinicians working predominantly with young people. Copyright © 2016 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Risky music-listening behaviors and associated health-risk behaviors.

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Vogel, Ineke; van de Looij-Jansen, Petra M; Mieloo, Cathelijne L; Burdorf, Alex; de Waart, Frouwkje

2012-06-01

To examine, among adolescents and emerging adults attending inner-city lower education, associations between risky music-listening behaviors (from MP3 players and in discotheques and at pop concerts) and more traditional health-risk behaviors: substance use (cigarettes, alcohol, cannabis, and hard drugs) and unsafe sexual intercourse. A total of 944 students in Dutch inner-city senior-secondary vocational schools completed questionnaires about their music-listening and traditional health-risk behaviors. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to examine associations between music-listening and traditional health-risk behaviors. Risky MP3-player listeners used cannabis more often during the past 4 weeks. Students exposed to risky sound levels during discotheque and pop concert attendance used cannabis less often during the past 4 weeks, were more often binge drinkers, and reported inconsistent condom use during sexual intercourse. The coexistence of risky music-listening behaviors with other health-risk behaviors provides evidence in support of the integration of risky music-listening behaviors within research on and programs aimed at reducing more traditional health-risk behaviors, such as substance abuse and unsafe sexual intercourse.

Frequent job change and associated health.

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Metcalfe, Chris; Davey Smith, George; Sterne, Jonathan A C; Heslop, Pauline; Macleod, John; Hart, Carole

2003-01-01

The contemporary labour market is widely regarded as having become more "flexible". It is proposed that such flexibility is a characteristic of employment histories which will have effects on psychosocial status, health-related behaviour, and physical health. Recent increases in flexibility are unlikely to have accumulated over sufficient portions of individual employment histories for any effect on health to be apparent, but a "preview" of these effects may be gained from study of older cohorts. This cross-sectional study is based on data collected in the early 1970s from 5399 men and 945 women in paid work, recruited from 27 workplaces in the west of Scotland. A flexible employment history was defined as one encompassing a large number of changes between jobs. Perceived psychological stress, health behaviour (cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, physical exercise), physiology (diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, forced expiratory volume, plasma cholesterol concentration) and current health (angina, myocardial ischaemia) were assessed. Those individuals who reported having experienced frequent job change were more likely to smoke, consume greater amounts of alcohol, and perhaps to exercise less. Similar findings were observed in both males and females, and for different age and socio-economic groups. We found no suggestion that this association was due to higher levels of psychosocial stress, and the expected consequences for health were not observed. Interpretation of these findings is not straightforward due to an uncertain direction of causation, and a possible selection bias. However, the observed relationship between frequent job changing and a higher incidence of health risk behaviours, in the absence of a relationship with poorer health, invites further research.

Association between Experiencing Relational Bullying and Adolescent Health-Related Quality of Life

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Chester, Kayleigh L.; Spencer, Neil H.; Whiting, Lisa; Brooks, Fiona M.

2017-01-01

Background: Bullying is a public health concern for the school-aged population, however, the health outcomes associated with the subtype of relational bullying are less understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between relational bullying and health-related quality of life (HRQL) among young people. Methods: This study…

FANTASIA E UMORISMO NELLA NARRATIVA DI ENRICO MOROVICH

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Dolores Miškulin Čubrić

1997-01-01

Full Text Available Lo scrittore fiumano Enrico Morovich (1906-1994 ha pubblicato in Italia un grande numero di racconti, romanzi e poesie: "l'osteria sul torrente" (1936, "Miracoli quotidiani" (1938, "I ritratti nel bosco" (1939, "Contadini sui monti" (1942, "l'abito verde" (1942, "ll baratro" (1964, "Raccontì a righe corte" (1977, "Ascensori invisibilì" (1980, "La nostalgia del mare" (1981, "Cronache vicine e lontane (1981, "La caricatura" (1983, "l giganti marinici (1984, "Racconti di Fiume e altre cose" (1985, "Notti con la luna" (1986, "Piccoli amanti" (1990, "Non era bene morire" (1992 e "Un italiano di Fiume" (l993. Questo articolo si e' premesso lo scopo di rintracciare e definire, attraverso il metodo dell'analisi delle sue opere a livello di contenuto e dei meccanismi narrativi e stilistici, gli elementi del fantastico e dell'umoristico che rappresentano una costante della narrativa di Enrico Morovich, il cui stile originale e moderno lo contraddistingue nettamente dalle tendenze letterarie vigenti e dalle mode dettate dal momento storico. Vuole inoltre rappresentare un contributo ad una maggiore conoscenza dell'opera di Enrico Morovich da noi.

An analysis of relative costs in drilling deep wells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anderson, E.E.; Cooper, G.A.; Maurer, W.C.; Westcott, P.A.

1991-01-01

The search for new sources of oil, and particularly gas, is leading the industry to drill ever deeper wells. A depth of 15,000 ft was first passed in 1938, 20,000 ft was reached in 1939, followed by 25,000 ft in 1958, and 30,000 ft in 1972. The current US record depth is 31,441 ft. As the total depth increases, not only does the rock to be drilled become stronger, but increasing pressure and temperature induce plasticity and chip hold-down effects that make it more difficult to remove cuttings from the workfront. In addition to the reduction in rate of the drilling process itself, other activities become more complex and time-consuming, for example, tripping, running and cementing casing, and logging and coring activities. This paper analyzes the different tasks involved in drilling deep wells, in order to identify those activities that contribute most to the overall cost. These are therefore expected to be the activities where future efforts in research and development should provide the greatest reductions in total cost

DOKTRIN NASIONALISME DALAM NOVEL A. HASJMY

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Wildan Wildan

2011-10-01

Full Text Available This study discusses nationalism that has been portrayed in seven novels written by A. Hasjmy, an Acehnese writer. The novels are Melalui Jalan Raya Dunia (1938, Bermandi Cahaya Bulan (1939, Suara Azan dan Lonceng Gereja (1940, Nona Pressroom (1951, Elly Gadis Nica (1951, Meurah Djohan: Sultan Aceh Pertama (1976, and Tanah Merah: Digul Bumi Pahlawan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (1976. The aim of the study is to analyze doctrine of nationalism in the context of Indonesian politics. The main finding of this study shows that Indonesian nationalism is obviously well represented in the novels. This finding is contrary to the public opinion that most of the Acehnese are supporters of the separatist movement, i.e. Acehnese nationalism. Thus, in portraying the nationalism, A. Hasjmy has exploited certain writing techniques in his novels, such as epistolary, speeches, diary, poems and footnotes to camouflage its doctrines and missions. With these findings, the significance of this study is it could elucidate academically that not every Acehnese agrees with the idea of Aceh separatism.

Suboptimal maternal and paternal mental health are associated with child bullying perpetration.

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Shetgiri, Rashmi; Lin, Hua; Flores, Glenn

2015-06-01

This study examines associations between maternal and paternal mental health and child bullying perpetration among school-age children, and whether having one or both parents with suboptimal mental health is associated with bullying. The 2007 National Survey of Children's Health, a nationally-representative, random-digit-dial survey, was analyzed, using a parent-reported bullying measure. Suboptimal mental health was defined as fair/poor (vs. good/very good/excellent) parental self-reported mental and emotional health. Of the 61,613 parents surveyed, more than half were parents of boys and were white, 20% were Latino, 15% African American, and 7% other race/ethnicity. Suboptimal maternal (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1-1.8) and paternal (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.1-2.2) mental health are associated with bullying. Compared with children with no parents with suboptimal mental health, children with only one or both parents with suboptimal mental health have higher bullying odds. Addressing the mental health of both parents may prove beneficial in preventing bullying.

Occurrence of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Pammel, 1895 Dowson 1939, on Brassicas in Montenegro

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Dragana Radunović

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Brassicas form the most important group of vegetable crops in Montenegro. The cabbage(Brassica oleracea var. capitata is most commonly grown, although other brassicas,particularly kale, Brussels sprout, cauliflower and broccoli, have been increasingly producedsince recently. One of the specialties of vegetable production in Montenegro is growing ofcollard (Brassica oleracea var. acephala, which is the simplest variety of the Brassica oleraceaspecies and in the nearest relation with their wild ancestor – the sylvestris variety.Diseases are the main restrictive factors for successful production of these vegetables.Susceptibility of the cultivars and inadequate control often result in more or less damagedcrops in some plots.Causal agents of brassica diseases, especially bacterial, have not been investigated inMontenegro until 2009. Since the symptoms observed in 2009 were „V” shaped leaf edgenecrosis and black rot of vascular tissue, it was assumed that they were caused by plantpathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris.Samples of the infected plants were collected from different localities in Montenegro.Isolation and identification of the bacterium were performed using laboratory methodsaccording to Schaad (1980, Lelliott and Stead (1987 and Arsenijević (1997. Examinationof chosen bacterial isolates was conducted using both, classical bacteriological methods(examination of their pathogenic, morphological, cultivation and biochemical and physiologicalcharacteristics, and ELISA test.The obtained results confirmed the presence of X.campestris pv. campestris (Pammel,1895 Dowson 1939, on cabbage, kale, broccoli and collard in Montenegro. This is the firstexperimental evidence that collard is the host of X. campestris pv. campestris in Montenegro.

Association between personal health record enrollment and patient loyalty.

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Turley, Marianne; Garrido, Terhilda; Lowenthal, Alex; Zhou, Yi Yvonne

2012-07-01

To examine the association between patient loyalty, as measured by member retention in the health plan, and access to My Health Manager (MHM), Kaiser Permanente's PHR, which is linked to its electronic health record, KP HealthConnect. We conducted a retrospective cohort observational quality improvement project from the third quarter of 2005 to the fourth quarter of 2008 for approximately 394,000 Kaiser Permanente Northwest members. To control for self-selection bias, we used propensity scores to perform exact 1-to-1 matching without replacement between MHM users and nonusers. We estimated retention rates of the matched data and assessed the association between MHM use and retention versus voluntary termination. We also estimated odds ratios of significant variables impacting member retention. The probability of remaining a member or being involuntarily terminated versus voluntary termination was 96.7% for users (95% confidence interval [CI], 96.6%-96.7%) and 92.2% for nonusers (95% CI, 92.1%-92.4%; P loyalty, retention is critical to healthcare organizations.

[From South Tyrol to Württemberg: the "resettlement" of South Tyrolean psychiatric patients within the Germano-Italian Option Agreement of 1939].

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Fiebrandt, Maria; Rüdenburg, Bodo; Müller, Thomas

2012-01-01

Object of this article is the procedure of the transport of South Tyrol patients to the South Wuerttemberg asylums Zwiefalten und Schussenried as well as to some extent to the former asylum of Weissenau near Ravensburg in 1940 and 1942. Attention is focused on the pioneering state pre-negotiations, the so-called option treaties between the German Reich and Fascist Italy as part of the general aspect of National Socialist bio-Politics.The treatment of these South Tyrol patients in the asylums themselves, as well as their fate will be put into the context of the resettlement actions at the margins of the "Third Reich", which started in 1939 and widely affected the European continent. By presenting the abuse of medical patients in the aim to solve the political problems having occurred after bio-political goals had been set into practice, this study offers new material to the history of National Socialist psychiatry, as well as to National Socialist Foreign Policy in the case of Italy.

Weight- and race-based bullying: Health associations among urban adolescents

OpenAIRE

Rosenthal, Lisa; Earnshaw, Valerie A; Carroll-Scott, Amy; Henderson, Kathryn E; Peters, Susan M; McCaslin, Catherine; Ickovics, Jeannette R

2013-01-01

Stigma-based bullying is associated with negative mental and physical health outcomes. In a longitudinal study, surveys and physical assessments were conducted with mostly Black and Latino, socioeconomically disadvantaged, urban students. As hypothesized, greater weight- and race-based bullying each was significantly indirectly associated with increased blood pressure and body mass index, as well as decreased overall self-rated health across 2 years, through the mechanism of more negative emo...

Associations of blood lead, cadmium, and mercury with estimated glomerular filtration rate in the Korean general population: Analysis of 2008–2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Yangho; Lee, Byung-Kook

2012-01-01

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate associations between blood lead, cadmium, and mercury levels with estimated glomerular filtration rate in a general population of South Korean adults. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study based on data obtained in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) (2008–2010). The final analytical sample consisted of 5924 participants. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the MDRD Study equation as an indicator of glomerular function. Results: In multiple linear regression analysis of log2-transformed blood lead as a continuous variable on eGFR, after adjusting for covariates including cadmium and mercury, the difference in eGFR levels associated with doubling of blood lead were −2.624 mL/min per 1.73 m² (95% CI: −3.803 to −1.445). In multiple linear regression analysis using quartiles of blood lead as the independent variable, the difference in eGFR levels comparing participants in the highest versus the lowest quartiles of blood lead was −3.835 mL/min per 1.73 m² (95% CI: −5.730 to −1.939). In a multiple linear regression analysis using blood cadmium and mercury, as continuous or categorical variables, as independent variables, neither metal was a significant predictor of eGFR. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CI values for reduced eGFR calculated for log2-transformed blood metals and quartiles of the three metals showed similar trends after adjustment for covariates. Discussion: In this large, representative sample of South Korean adults, elevated blood lead level was consistently associated with lower eGFR levels and with the prevalence of reduced eGFR even in blood lead levels below 10 μg/dL. In conclusion, elevated blood lead level was associated with lower eGFR in a Korean general population, supporting the role of lead as a risk factor for chronic kidney disease.

Social network types among older Korean adults: Associations with subjective health.

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Sohn, Sung Yun; Joo, Won-Tak; Kim, Woo Jung; Kim, Se Joo; Youm, Yoosik; Kim, Hyeon Chang; Park, Yeong-Ran; Lee, Eun

2017-01-01

With population aging now a global phenomenon, the health of older adults is becoming an increasingly important issue. Because the Korean population is aging at an unprecedented rate, preparing for public health problems associated with old age is particularly salient in this country. As the physical and mental health of older adults is related to their social relationships, investigating the social networks of older adults and their relationship to health status is important for establishing public health policies. The aims of this study were to identify social network types among older adults in South Korea and to examine the relationship of these social network types with self-rated health and depression. Data from the Korean Social Life, Health, and Aging Project were analyzed. Model-based clustering using finite normal mixture modeling was conducted to identify the social network types based on ten criterion variables of social relationships and activities: marital status, number of children, number of close relatives, number of friends, frequency of attendance at religious services, attendance at organized group meetings, in-degree centrality, out-degree centrality, closeness centrality, and betweenness centrality. Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to examine associations between the identified social network types and self-rated health and depression. The model-based clustering analysis revealed that social networks clustered into five types: diverse, family, congregant, congregant-restricted, and restricted. Diverse or family social network types were significantly associated with more favorable subjective mental health, whereas the restricted network type was significantly associated with poorer ratings of mental and physical health. In addition, our analysis identified unique social network types related to religious activities. In summary, we developed a comprehensive social network typology for older Korean adults. Copyright © 2016

La carrera pedestre por la línea del tren, San José Puntarenas 1914-1938.

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Jorge Lobo Di Palma

2011-08-01

Full Text Available El propósito de este artículo es identificar los motivos por el cual, se realizo en Costa Rica, en las primeras décadas del siglo XX, un evento deportivo único de carácter mundial, que consistió de una carrera pedestre de más 100 kilómetros de recorrido, entre San José y Puntarenas, realizándose principalmente sobre los durmientes de la línea férrea. Lo novedoso de esta investigación histórica, es que se analiza el impacto deportivo en la sociedad costarricense desde una perspectiva social más amplia, que la simple descripción anecdótica y cronológica tradicional de un evento de tal magnitud, identificando los principales actores involucrados en tan particular evento, y analizado el desarrollo del mismo y los principales motivos de su suspensión desde un punto de vista técnico. El trabajo está dividido en tres capítulos. El primer de ellos contiene información sobre quienes organizaron el evento y su finalidad, cuál fue su recorrido, número de participantes y premiación. En el segundo, se describe los principales acontecimientos sucedidos de tan particular competencia, quienes fueron sus principales protagonistas y como se preparaban. Y en el último, se analiza los motivos por los cuales en 1938 se realizó por última vez, y quienes influyeron a que dicho espectáculo deportivo de dejara de realizar.

The human microbiota associated with overall health.

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Xu, Xiaofei; Wang, Zhujun; Zhang, Xuewu

2015-03-01

Human body harbors diverse microbes, the main components include bacteria, eukaryotes and viruses. Emerging evidences show that the human microbiota is intrinsically linked with overall health. The development of next-generation sequencing provides an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the complex microbial communities that are associated with the human body. Many factors like host genetics and environmental factors have a major impact on the composition and dynamic changes of human microbiota. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the relationship between human health and human microbiota (skin, nasal, throat, oral, vaginal and gut microbiota), then to focus on the factors modulating the composition of the microbiota and the future challenges to manipulate the microbiota for personalized health.

Reproductive health and lifestyle factors associated with health-related quality of life among perinatally HIV-infected adolescents in Uganda.

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Mbalinda, Scovia Nalugo; Kiwanuka, Noah; Kaye, Dan K; Eriksson, Lars E

2015-10-21

With increased survival of perinatally HIV - infected adolescents due to antiretroviral therapy (ART), the focus of HIV care has shifted to health-related quality of life (HRQoL) as a measure of disease progression, effects of ART co-morbidity and prognosis. We assessed factors associated with better HRQoL in perinatally HIV -infected adolescents in Uganda by determining the associations between sexual and reproductive health (SRH) or lifestyle experiences on HRQoL. In a cross-sectional study, data on SRH, lifestyle experiences, socio demographic factors, communication with parents on sexuality and satisfaction of SRH services in ART clinics were collected from 614 HIV perinatally infected adolescents aged 10-19 using an interviewer-administered survey questionnaire. HRQoL data were collected using the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey instrument (MOS-HIV). Factors associated with better HRQoL were analysed using multiple logistic regression. The mean age was 16.2 ± 2.1 years, 362 (58.8 %) were females and 210 (34.2 %) were sexually active. Adolescents on ART were twice likely to present with better physical health (AOR = 2.07, 95 % CI: 1.24-3.46) and four times more likely to present with better mental health (AOR = 3.9, 95 % CI: 2.22-6.92) than those who were not on ART. There were no statistically significant associations between SRH (ever had sex, ever been pregnant, condom use, contraceptive use) or life style factors and physical health or mental health. Those with secondary or tertiary education were more likely to present with a better mental health (AOR = 5.3, 95 % CI: 1.86-15.41) compared those who had attained primary or no education. Participants who desired to have a child in future more likely (AOR 1.7, 95 % CI: 1.05-3.00) to present with a better mental health. Lack of communication with guardians on sexuality (AOR = 0.6, 95 % CI: 0.40-0.89), or dissatisfaction with SRH services (AOR 0.34, 95 % CI: 0.18-0.62) were

Daily commuting to work is not associated with variables of health.

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Mauss, Daniel; Jarczok, Marc N; Fischer, Joachim E

2016-01-01

Commuting to work is thought to have a negative impact on employee health. We tested the association of work commute and different variables of health in German industrial employees. Self-rated variables of an industrial cohort (n = 3805; 78.9 % male) including absenteeism, presenteeism and indices reflecting stress and well-being were assessed by a questionnaire. Fasting blood samples, heart-rate variability and anthropometric data were collected. Commuting was grouped into one of four categories: 0-19.9, 20-44.9, 45-59.9, ≥60 min travelling one way to work. Bivariate associations between commuting and all variables under study were calculated. Linear regression models tested this association further, controlling for potential confounders. Commuting was positively correlated with waist circumference and inversely with triglycerides. These associations did not remain statistically significant in linear regression models controlling for age, gender, marital status, and shiftwork. No other association with variables of physical, psychological, or mental health and well-being could be found. The results indicate that commuting to work has no significant impact on well-being and health of German industrial employees.

Health-Related Factors Associated with Mode of Travel to Work

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Melissa Bopp

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Active commuting (AC to the workplace is a potential strategy for incorporating physical activity into daily life and is associated with health benefits. This study examined the association between health-related factors and mode of travel to the workplace. Methods. A volunteer convenience sample of employed adults completed an online survey regarding demographics, health-related factors, and the number of times/week walking, biking, driving, and using public transit to work (dichotomized as no walk/bike/drive/PT and walk/bike/drive/PT 1 + x/week. Logistic regression was used to predict the likelihood of each mode of transport and meeting PA recommendations from AC according to demographics and health-related factors. Results. The sample was aged 43.5 11.4 years and was primarily White (92.7% and female (67.9%. Respondents reported walking (7.3%, biking (14.4%, taking public transit (20.3%, and driving (78.3% to work at least one time/week. Among those reporting AC, 9.6% met PA recommendations from AC alone. Mode of travel to work was associated with several demographic and health-related factors, including age, number of chronic diseases, weight status, and AC beliefs. Discussion. Mode of transportation to the workplace and health-related factors such as disease or weight status should be considered in future interventions targeting AC.

Health-related factors associated with mode of travel to work.

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Bopp, Melissa; Kaczynski, Andrew T; Campbell, Matthew E

2013-01-01

Active commuting (AC) to the workplace is a potential strategy for incorporating physical activity into daily life and is associated with health benefits. This study examined the association between health-related factors and mode of travel to the workplace. Methods. A volunteer convenience sample of employed adults completed an online survey regarding demographics, health-related factors, and the number of times/week walking, biking, driving, and using public transit to work (dichotomized as no walk/bike/drive/PT and walk/bike/drive/PT 1 + x/week). Logistic regression was used to predict the likelihood of each mode of transport and meeting PA recommendations from AC according to demographics and health-related factors. Results. The sample (n = 1175) was aged 43.5 ± 11.4 years and was primarily White (92.7%) and female (67.9%). Respondents reported walking (7.3%), biking (14.4%), taking public transit (20.3%), and driving (78.3%) to work at least one time/week. Among those reporting AC, 9.6% met PA recommendations from AC alone. Mode of travel to work was associated with several demographic and health-related factors, including age, number of chronic diseases, weight status, and AC beliefs. Discussion. Mode of transportation to the workplace and health-related factors such as disease or weight status should be considered in future interventions targeting AC.

About the Associate Director for Health of EPA's National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL)

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Dr. Ronald Hines serves as Associate Director for Health for the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL) within the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Research and Development (ORD).

Veterans Affairs methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus prevention initiative associated with a sustained reduction in transmissions and health care-associated infections.

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Evans, Martin E; Kralovic, Stephen M; Simbartl, Loretta A; Freyberg, Ron W; Obrosky, D Scott; Roselle, Gary A; Jain, Rajiv

2013-11-01

Implementation of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Prevention Initiative was associated with significant declines in MRSA transmission and MRSA health care-associated infection rates in Veterans Affairs acute care facilities nationwide in the 33-month period from October 2007 through June 2010. Here, we show continuing declines in MRSA transmissions (P = .004 for trend, Poisson regression) and MRSA health care-associated infections (P < .001) from July 2010 through June 2012. The Veterans Affairs Initiative was associated with these effects, sustained over 57 months, in a large national health care system. Published by Mosby, Inc.

Parental self-efficacy and oral health-related knowledge are associated with parent and child oral health behaviors and self-reported oral health status.

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de Silva-Sanigorski, Andrea; Ashbolt, Rosie; Green, Julie; Calache, Hanny; Keith, Benedict; Riggs, Elisha; Waters, Elizabeth

2013-08-01

This study sought to advance understanding of the influence of psychosocial factors on oral health by examining how parental self-efficacy (with regard to acting on their child's oral health needs) and oral health knowledge relate to parental and child oral health behaviors and self-rated oral health. Parents of children in grades 0/1 and 5/6 (n = 804) and children in grades 5/6 (n = 377, mean age 11.5 ± 1.0, 53.9% female) were recruited from a stratified random sample of 11 primary (elementary) schools. Participants completed surveys capturing psychosocial factors, oral health-related knowledge, and parental attitudes about oral health. Parents also rated their own oral health status and the oral health of their child. Correlations and logistic regression analysis (adjusted for socioeconomic status, child age, and gender) examined associations between psychosocial factors and the outcomes of interest (parent and child behaviors and self-rated oral health status). Higher parental self-efficacy was associated with more frequent toothbrushing (by parent and child), and more frequent visits to a dental professional. These associations were particularly strong with regard to dental visits for children, with parents with the highest tertile for self-efficacy 4.3 times more likely to report that their child attended a dentist for a checkup at least once a year (95%CI 2.52-7.43); and 3 times more likely to report their child brushing their teeth at least twice a day (Adjusted Odds Ratio 3.04, 95%CI 1.64-5.64) compared with those parents in the lowest tertile for self-efficacy. No associations with oral health knowledge were found when examined by tertile of increasing knowledge. Oral health self-efficacy and knowledge are potentially modifiable risk factors of oral health outcomes, and these findings suggest that intervening on these factors could help foster positive dental health habits in families. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Does improving surface cleaning and disinfection reduce health care-associated infections?

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Donskey, Curtis J

2013-05-01

Contaminated environmental surfaces provide an important potential source for transmission of health care-associated pathogens. In recent years, a variety of interventions have been shown to be effective in improving cleaning and disinfection of surfaces. This review examines the evidence that improving environmental disinfection can reduce health care-associated infections. Published by Mosby, Inc.

Femmes et films de guerre en Grande-Bretagne (1939-1945 : signes d’émancipation ou cas de manipulation ? Women and War Films in Britain (1939-1945: Signs of Emancipation or Cases of Manipulation?

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Elizabeth de Cacqueray

2009-10-01

Full Text Available This article analyzes the representation of women in a certain number of filmic texts released in Great Britain between 1939 and 1945: more particularly, Fires Were Started, Millions Like Us and Went the Day Well? The innovatory roles these films offer to women have led me to ask whether the representation corresponds to a reflection of a genuine situation at the time or whether it is the result of a manipulation of the image of women in the interests of propaganda. The filmic representations are compared to a well-known Women’s Auxiliary Air Force recruitment poster, an example of direct propaganda, and to women’s personal accounts of their war-time experiences. Similarities in method between the poster and the films emerge which underline the propaganda slant of the films. Certain aspects of the women’s accounts confirm the representation of women provided by the films, thus supporting the theory whereby the films reflect the relatively emancipating effects of the war for women. However, the examination of these accounts also reveals the extent to which the films omit certain aspects of women’s war experiences: the sometimes negative attitudes of men towards women in the work place, the trauma for mothers around the evacuation of their children […] The propaganda slant of the films is thus as much due to what they omit to mention as it is due to the image of women which reaches the screen.

Health Care Utilization and Costs Associated with Pediatric Chronic Pain.

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Tumin, Dmitry; Drees, David; Miller, Rebecca; Wrona, Sharon; Hayes, Don; Tobias, Joseph D; Bhalla, Tarun

2018-03-30

The population prevalence of pediatric chronic pain is not well characterized, in part due to lack of nationally representative data. Previous research suggests that pediatric chronic pain prolongs inpatient stay and increases costs, but the population-level association between pediatric chronic pain and health care utilization is unclear. We use the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health to describe the prevalence of pediatric chronic pain, and compare health care utilization among children ages 0-17 years according to the presence of chronic pain. Using a sample of 43,712 children, we estimate the population prevalence of chronic pain to be 6%. On multivariable analysis, chronic pain was not associated with increased odds of primary care or mental health care use, but was associated with greater odds of using other specialty care (OR=2.01, 95% CI: 1.62, 2.47; pcomplementary and alternative medicine (OR=2.32, 95% CI: 1.79, 3.03; pchronic pain were more likely to use specialty care but not mental health care. The higher likelihood of emergency care use in this group raises the question of whether better management of pediatric chronic pain could reduce emergency department use. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Health and well-being factors associated with international business travel.

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Burkholder, Justin D; Joines, Ron; Cunningham-Hill, Mark; Xu, Baowei

2010-01-01

International travel by US business travelers is continuing to increase with the globalization of the economy. The objective of this study was to determine if the frequency and duration of international business travel is associated with differences in travelers' health and well-being. This study expands our limited knowledge of the impact of long-haul travel on healthy lifestyle choices and traveler's perceptions of their health and well-being. 12,942 unique health risk appraisal (HRA) records of US employees of a multinational corporation were analyzed according to self-reported (objective and subjective) travel history and lifestyle habits. Comparing 2,962 international travelers and 9,980 non-travelers, international business travel was significantly associated with a lower body mass index, lower blood pressure, excess alcohol consumption, sleep deprivation, and diminished confidence to keep up with the pace of work. This study demonstrated both positive and negative associations on the health risks and well-being of a large sample of US-based international business travelers from an US multinational company. This study identifies targeted areas for pretrip screening and counseling to proactively address potential negative effects of travel and may assist in the design of corporate travel health and employee assistance programs. © 2010 International Society of Travel Medicine.

Awareness of health risks associated with body piercing and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Recently, there has been a widespread practice of tattooing and body piercing among youths despite the increased number of potential complications associated to the practice. This study aims to assess the awareness of health risk associated with body piercing and tattooing in Federal Polytechnic Auchi, Edo state.

Memoria histórica vivida y transmitida en torno a los terremotos de 1939-1960 en los habitantes del Gran Concepción – Chile

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Víctor Andrés Concha Ramírez

2011-04-01

Full Text Available El artículo forma parte de una investigación mayor dirigida por Stefano Cavalli y Christian Lalive d`Epinay en el marco de la red internacional CEVI (Cambios y eventos en el transcurso de la vida. Una sección del estudio refiere a la importancia y selectividad otorgada a acontecimientos y procesos socio-históricos vividos y transmitidos. Se han encuestado 623 individuos de cinco grupos de edad pertenecientes a comunas del Gran Concepción (Chile. Desde los datos han surgido antecedentes relevantes en relación a los terremotos de 1939 en Chillán y 1960 en Valdivia y Concepción que serán analizados en este artículo. El tema resulta particularmente sensible en el tiempo presente, dadas las consecuencias vividas por una reciente catástrofe ocurrida el 27 de Febrero de 2010 en la región del Bio Bio. Palabras claves: Terremotos en Chile, Memoria Histórica, Memoria Colectiva___________________________Abstract:The article is part of a major research o survey lead by Stefano Cavalli y Christián Lalive d`Epinay in the framework of the international network CEVI (Changes and events life course. A section of the research refers to the importance and selectivity granted to events and processes socio-historical processes lived and transmitted. Were surveyed 623 individuals of five age groups belonging to the communes of the big Concepcion (Chile. From the data has been emerged relevant background in relation with earthquakes of 1939 in Chillán and 1960 Valdivia and Concepción that which will be to be analyzed in this article. The topic is particularly sensitive in the present tense, because the consequences experienced by a recent catastrophe occurred on February 27, 2010 in the region of Bio Bio.Keywords: Earthquake in Chile, historical memory, collective memory.

La Iglesia católica y el Ejército español: los capellanes castrenses y la recatolización de la juventud española (1938-1951

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Alberto González González

2016-06-01

Full Text Available The outcome of the Spanish Civil War brought an end to the secularization project, undertaken in the wake of the proclamation of the Second Republic. In 1939, a new regime was established, built upon two main pillars: the army and religion. The compulsory nature of military service in the country provided the Spanish Catholic Church with easy access to young males, who were incorporated into the ranks of the army on a yearly basis. By virtue of these circumstances, a re-Catholicization process was begun amongst young Spaniards, who had become alienated from the Catholic faith during the Republican years. In this process, one figure would acquire particular importance in post-war Spain, that of the army chaplain.

Self-rated health status and subjective health complaints associated with health-promoting lifestyles among urban Chinese women: a cross-sectional study.

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Cheng, Jingru; Wang, Tian; Li, Fei; Xiao, Ya; Bi, Jianlu; Chen, Jieyu; Sun, Xiaomin; Wu, Liuguo; Wu, Shengwei; Liu, Yanyan; Luo, Ren; Zhao, Xiaoshan

2015-01-01

This study aimed to investigate whether self-rated health status (SRH) and subjective health complaints (SHC) of urban Chinese women are associated with their health-promoting lifestyles (HPL). We conducted a cross-sectional study on 8142 eligible Chinese participants between 2012 and 2013. Demographic and SHC data were collected. Each subject completed the SRH questionnaire and the Chinese version of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II). Correlation and binary regression analyses were performed to examine the associations of SRH and SHC with HPL. Both SRH and HPL of urban Chinese women were moderate. The most common complaints were fatigue (1972, 24.2%), eye discomfort (1571, 19.3%), and insomnia (1542, 18.9%). Teachers, highly educated subjects and elderly women had lower SRH scores, while college students and married women had better HPL. All items of HPLP-II were positively correlated with SRH (r = 0.127-0.533, P = 0.000) and negatively correlated with SHC to a significant extent (odds ratio [OR] = 1.40-11.37). Aspects of HPL, particularly stress management and spiritual growth, are associated with higher SRH and lower SHC ratings among urban Chinese women. Physical activity and health responsibility are additionally related to reduced fatigue and nervousness. We believe that these findings will be instrumental in encouraging researchers and urban women to adopt better health-promoting lifestyles with different priorities in their daily lives.

Feeling angry about current health status: using a population survey to determine the association with demographic, health and social factors

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Tiffany K. Gill

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Feeling angry about their health status may influence disease progression in individuals, creating a greater burden on the health care system. Identifying associations between different variables and feeling angry about health status may assist health professionals to improve health outcomes. This study used path analysis to explore findings from a population-based survey, informed by qualitative descriptions obtained from focus groups, to determine the prevalence of health-related anger within the community and variables associated with reporting health-related anger. Methods A population-based Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI survey of 3003 randomly selected adults Australia-wide was conducted to examine the prevalence of health-related anger. A wide range of other covariates were included in the survey. Multivariable logistic regression and path analysis were undertaken to identify the relationships between different variables associated with feeling angry about the health status of people, to explore the direction of these associations and as a consequence of the results, consider implications for health service use and delivery. Results Overall, 18.5 % of the population reported feeling angry about their health “some of the time”, “most of the time” or “all of the time”. People who felt angry about their health were more likely to have a severe health condition, at least one chronic condition, high psychological distress, fair to poor health status, and needed to adjust their daily lives because of a health condition. Having a tertiary level education was protective. Receiving some form of social support, usually from a support group, and not always doing as advised by a doctor, were also associated with a higher likelihood of being angry about their health. Conclusions People living with significant health problems are more likely to feel angry about their health. The path between illness and

Elementos sociohistóricos intervinientes en la construcción de los estadios Alfonso López y El Campín para los primeros Juegos Bolivarianos: Bogotá, 1938

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Andrés Felipe Hernández Acosta

2013-01-01

Full Text Available La introducción de los deportes en las sociedades que entran en procesos de modernización es un fenómeno complejo, en el que intervienen muchos factores sociales, históricos y culturales. La necesidad de investigar el deporte científicamente viene tomando fuerza en Colombia en los años recientes. Este texto aspira a contribuir en esa dirección, tomando como objeto dos hitos arquitectónicos de construcción simultánea, que fueron importantes, no solo para nuestro desarrollo deportivo, sino para el rediseño urbanístico de la capital: el Estadio Nemesio Camacho, “El Campín” y el Estadio Alfonso López, de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, en el año de 1938.

The Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries' legislative activities and the Joint Medical Library Association/Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries Legislative Task Force.

Science.gov (United States)

Zenan, Joan S

2003-04-01

The Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries' (AAHSL's) involvement in national legislative activities and other advocacy initiatives has evolved and matured over the last twenty-five years. Some activities conducted by the Medical Library Association's (MLA's) Legislative Committee from 1976 to 1984 are highlighted to show the evolution of MLA's and AAHSL's interests in collaborating on national legislative issues, which resulted in an agreement to form a joint legislative task force. The history, work, challenges, and accomplishments of the Joint MLA/AAHSL Legislative Task Force, formed in 1985, are discussed.

Factors Associated with Providers' Perceptions of Mental Health Care in Santa Luzia's Family Health Strategy, Brazil.

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Ghesquiere, Angela R; Pinto, Rogerio M; Rahman, Rahbel; Spector, Anya Y

2015-12-23

Brazil has a unique mental health care system, characterized by universal coverage delivered by interdisciplinary teams both in the community and in specialized centros de atenção psicossocial (CAPS-psychosocial care centers). Provision of patient-centered mental health care is an important principle of Brazilian mental health care, but this topic has not been well-studied. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional survey of 151 community health workers (CHWs), nurses, and physicians in Santa Luzia, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Chi-squares, t-tests and multivariate regression analyses examined differences in socio-demographics, caseload, engagement in evidence-based practices (EBPs), and transdisciplinary collaboration between providers who reported providing high levels of patient-centered mental health care and those who did not. In multivariate regression models, components of transdisciplinary collaboration were significantly associated with providers' perceptions of patient-centered mental health care (p < 0.05). CHWs were also significantly more likely to report providing patient-centered care than physicians and nurses. EBP engagement and sociodemographics were not associated with perceptions. Results suggest that training efforts to improve patient-centered mental health care in Brazil could build upon CHWs' skills and focus on transdisciplinary collaboration. Findings may inform practice in other countries with similar health care systems.

Alteridade privilegiada: confrontos futebolísticos entre brasileiros e argentinos na imprensa carioca (1939-1945 Favored otherness: depictions of soccer matches between Brazil and Argentina in the Rio de Janeiro press

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Tiago Lisboa Bartholo

2012-04-01

Full Text Available O artigo analisa como dois jornais do Rio de Janeiro constroem discursos sobre a nação e sobre o “ser brasileiro”, a partir do confronto com a seleção argentina de futebol em três ocasiões na Copa Roca (1939, 1940 e 1945 e no campeonato Sul-Americano de 1945. Os dados indicam a construção de dois tipos de discurso complementares relativos às derrotas e às vitórias da seleção brasileira. O primeiro evidencia a tensão entre “tradição” e “modernização”; o segundo privilegia a construção de estereótipos culturais sobre os brasileiros e os seus vizinhos argentinos, reforçando os ideais de civilité do homem europeu brancoThe aim of this article is to analyze the construction of nationalism and of cultural stereotypes about “being Brazilian” by focusing on the football matches with the Argentinean national team. We analyze reports in two dailies (Correio da Manhã and Jornal dos Sports during three Copa Roca tournaments (1939, 1940, and 1945 and during the South American Championship of 1945. The data give evidence of the construction of two complementary types of narrative: the first reveals a tension between “tradition” and “modernization”; the second points to the construction of cultural stereotypes about Brazilians and Argentineans that, in fact, reinforce ideals of civility related to images of European white manhood.

Obituary: John J. Hillman, 1938-2006

Science.gov (United States)

Chanover, Nancy

2007-12-01

John J. Hillman, a dedicated NASA civil servant, spectroscopist, astrophysicist, planetary scientist, and mentor, died on February 12, 2006 of ocular melanoma at his home in Columbia, Maryland. His professional and personal interests were wide-reaching and varied, and he devoted his career to the advancement of our understanding of the beauty and wonder in the world around us. His love of nature, art, and science made him a true Renaissance man. John was born in Fort Jay, New York, on November 22, 1938, and was raised in Washington, D.C. He received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in Physics from American University in 1967, 1970, and 1975, respectively. He began working at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, then in its infancy, in 1969, juggling a full-time position as a Research Physicist, the completion of his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees, and a young family. His background in molecular spectroscopy enabled him to apply his skills to numerous disciplines within NASA: infrared and radio astronomy; electronic, vibrational, and rotational structure of interstellar molecules; solar and stellar atmospheres; and planetary atmospheres. He published more than 70 journal papers in these disciplines. He was a frequent contributor to the Ohio State University International Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy, and possessed a rare ability to bridge the gap between laboratory and remote sensing spectroscopy, bringing scientists from different disciplines together to understand our Universe. The last fifteen years of John's career were devoted to the development of acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) cameras. He championed this technology as a low-cost, low-power alternative to traditional imaging cameras for in situ or remotely sensed planetary exploration. It was within this context that I got to know John, and eventually worked closely with him on the demonstration and application of this technology for planetary science using ground-based telescopes in New Mexico, California

The association between psychotic experiences and health-related quality of life

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Alonso, Jordi; Saha, Sukanta; Lim, Carmen C W

2018-01-01

with various adjustments. Using data from the WHO World Mental Health surveys (n = 33,370 adult respondents from 19 countries), we assessed for PEs and five HRQoL indicators (self-rated physical or mental health, perceived level of stigma (embarrassment and discrimination), and social network burden). Logistic...... stigma and social network burden were also associated with PEs in the adjusted models. Dose-response associations between PE type and frequency metrics and subjective physical and mental health were non-significant, except those with more PE types had increased odds of reporting higher discrimination (OR...

[Self-rating of oral health according to the Oral Health Impact Profile and associated factors: a systematic review].

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Gabardo, Marilisa Carneiro Leão; Moysés, Simone Tetu; Moysés, Samuel Jorge

2013-06-01

To systematically evaluate the literature to investigate associations between social, demographic, economic, psychosocial, and behavioral factors and the self-perception of oral health measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP). In this systematic review of the literature, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) were adapted for the performance of a qualitative metasummary, without meta-analysis. Articles about oral health and associated factors with implications for quality of life were selected, with a focus on the tool for self-rating of the oral health-disease process, the OHIP. Pubmed/National Library of Medicine (NLM) and the Virtual Health Library (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - BVS/BIREME) were searched. Articles published between 2001 and 2011 were included. The following Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) were employed: oral health, quality of life, sickness impact profile, and socioeconomic factors. Of 57 articles identified, 20 met the inclusion criteria. The metasummary revealed that a poor self-perception of oral health was associated with unfavorable social, economic, demographic, and psychosocial factors, as well as with undesirable habits and poor clinical oral conditions. There is consensus in the literature about the influence of the investigated factors on the self-perception of oral health and on quality of life. The OHIP is an important aid for determining oral health needs and for developing strategies to control/reduce disease and promote oral health, with a consequent positive impact on quality of life.

Health behaviours associated with indoor tanning based on the 2012/13 Manitoba Youth Health Survey

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E. Harland

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Although indoor tanning causes cancer, it remains relatively common among adolescents. Little is known about indoor tanning prevalence and habits in Canada, and even less about associated behaviours. This study explores the prevalence of adolescent indoor tanning in Manitoba and its association with other demographic characteristics and health behaviours. Methods: We conducted secondary analyses of the 2012/13 Manitoba Youth Health Survey data collected from Grade 7 to 12 students (n = 64 174 and examined associations between indoor tanning (whether participants had ever used artificial tanning equipment and 25 variables. Variables with statistically significant associations to indoor tanning were tested for collinearity and grouped based on strong associations. For each group of highly associated variables, the variable with the greatest effect upon indoor tanning was placed into the final logistic regression model. Separate analyses were conducted for males and females to better understand sex-based differences, and analyses were adjusted for age. Results: Overall, 4% of male and 9% of female students reported indoor tanning, and prevalence increased with age. Relationships between indoor tanning and other variables were similar for male and female students. Binary logistic regression models indicated that several variables significantly predicted indoor tanning, including having part-time work, being physically active, engaging in various risk behaviours such as driving after drinking for males and unplanned sex after alcohol/drugs for females, experiencing someone say something bad about one's body shape/size/appearance, identifying as trans or with another gender, consuming creatine/other supplements and, for females only, never/rarely using sun protection. Conclusion: Indoor tanning among adolescents was associated with age, part-time work, physical activity and many consumption behaviours and lifestyle risk factors. Though

A new species of the genus Peltogaster Rathke, 1842 (Cirripedia: Rhizocephala: Peltogastridae) parasitizing the hermit crab Pagurixus boninensis (Melin, 1939) from the Bonin Islands, Japan.

Science.gov (United States)

Yoshida, Ryuta; Naruse, Tohru

2016-07-20

A new rhizocephalan species, Peltogaster unigibba n. sp., is described from the host hermit crab, Pagurixus boninensis (Melin, 1939), from the Bonin Islands, Japan. Of the16 known species of Peltogaster now currently recognised, P. unigibba n. sp., and P. contorta Boschma, 1958 share a left lobe that projects beyond the mantle aperture. The two species can be distinguished from one another by the position of the opening of the mantle aperture. The new species most closely resembles P. naushonensis Reinhard, 1946 in its internal structure, but clearly differs in the relative length of the colleteric glands. Peltogaster unigibba n. sp. represents the first record of a rhizocephalan from the oceanic Bonin Islands, and the second record of a rhizocephalan from an oceanic island in the northern hemisphere.

Associations among stress, gender, sources of social support, and health in emerging adults.

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Lee, Chih-Yuan Steven; Dik, Bryan J

2017-10-01

This study aimed to examine how sources of social support intersect with stress and health by testing two theoretical models. Three relationship-specific sources of social support (family, friends, and romantic partners) and two health indicators (self-rated physical health and depressive symptoms) were investigated. The sample consisted of 636 emerging adults attending college (age range: 18-25). Results suggest that only support from family was a stress-buffer, in that it buffered the adverse association between stress and depressive symptoms. Holding stress constant, only support from family was related to self-rated physical health and only support from friends or romantic partners was associated with depressive symptoms. There were no gender differences in the mean levels of self-rated physical health and depressive symptoms. However, gender moderations were found, in that the positive relationship between friends support and physical health was observed only in women, that the association between friends support and depressive symptoms was greater in men than in women, and that family support buffered the negative relationship between stress and physical health only in men. Findings of this study suggest that the associations among stress, social support, and health vary by the sources of support, the health outcome, and gender. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Association between age associated cognitive decline and health related quality of life among Iranian older individuals.

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Kazazi, Leila; Foroughan, Mahshid; Nejati, Vahid; Shati, Mohsen

2018-04-01

Age associated cognitive decline or normal cognitive aging is related with lower levels of functioning in real life, and may interfere with maintaining independence and health related quality of life (HRQL). In this study, health related quality of life and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults were evaluated with the aim of exploring the association between them by adjusting for potential confounders. This cross-sectional study, was implemented on 425 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 and over, between August 2016 and October 2016 in health centers of the municipality of Tehran, Iran, using Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) to assess cognitive function and Short Form-36 scales (SF-36) to assess HRQL. The relation between HRQL and cognitive function was evaluated by Pearson's correlation coefficient, and the impact of cognitive function on HRQL adjusted for potential confounders was estimated by linear regression model. All analyses were done using SPSS, version 22.0. A positive significant correlation between cognitive function and quality of life (r=0.434; pcognitive function was associated with HRQL in older adults with age associated cognitive function. Two variables of educational level and depression can affect the relation between cognitive decline and HRQL.

Factors associated with adolescent mental health service need and utilization

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zwaanswijk, Marieke; Ende, J. van der; Verhaak, P.F.M.; Bensing, J.; Verhulst, F.C.

2003-01-01

Objective: To determine the association of parent, family, and adolescent variables with adolescent mental health service need and utilization. Method: Correlates of adolescent mental health service utilization, self-perceived need and unmet need were investigated in a general population sample of

Specific associations between types of physical activity and components of mental health.

Science.gov (United States)

Asztalos, Melinda; Wijndaele, Katrien; De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse; Philippaerts, Renaat; Matton, Lynn; Duvigneaud, Nathalie; Thomis, Martine; Duquet, William; Lefevre, Johan; Cardon, Greet

2009-07-01

Findings of previous studies suggest that the relationship between physical activity and mental health may change across different domains of physical activity, different dimensions of mental health, and different population subgroups. The present study examined associations between five types of physical activity with different contents: housework, leisure active transportation, biking to/from work, walking to/from work, and sports participation, and two dimensions of mental health: perceived stress and psychological distress, in 1919 participants aged 20-65 years, using the data from the Flemish Policy Research Centre Sport, Physical Activity and Health. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed with the total sample, and with the sample stratified by gender, age, and occupational category. Further, separate models were used in the gender and age subgroups of each occupational category. Sports participation was the only type of physical activity inversely associated with both stress (OR=0.375; CI: 0.200-0.704) and distress (OR=0.480; CI: 0.253-0.910). Sports participation related to less distress in unemployed mid-aged adults, and to less stress in unemployed women, unemployed young adults, and young adults with blue-collar jobs. Housework was associated with more stress and more distress in women with blue-collar jobs. In young adults with white-collar jobs, however, an inverse association between housework and distress was found. Biking to and from work was associated with more stress in men with blue-collar jobs. Results invite consideration for the utility, and perhaps the necessity, of differentiated health recommendations for physical health and for mental health in different population subgroups.

Health-care utilization and associated factors in Gauteng province, South Africa.

Science.gov (United States)

Abera Abaerei, Admas; Ncayiyana, Jabulani; Levin, Jonathan

2017-01-01

More than a billion people, mainly in low- and middle-income countries, are unable to access needed health-care services for a variety of reasons. Possible factors influencing health-care utilization include socio-demographic and economic factors such as age, sex, education, employment and income. However, different studies have showed mixed results. Moreover, there are limited studies on health-care utilization. This study aimed to determine health-care utilization and associated factors among all residents aged 18 or over in Gauteng province, South Africa. A cross-sectional study was conducted from data collected for a Quality of Life survey which was carried out by Gauteng City-Region Observatory in 2013. Simple random sampling was used to select participants. A total of 27,490 participants have been interviewed. Data were collected via a digital data collection instrument using an open source system called Formhub. Coarsened Exact Matching (CEM) was used to improve estimation of causal effects. Stepwise multiple logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with health-care utilization. Around 95.7% reported usually utilizing health-care services while the other 4.3% reported not having sought health-care services of any type. Around 75% of participants reported reduced quality of public health services as a major reason not to visit them. Higher odds of reported health-care utilization were associated with being female (OR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.88-2.53; p immigrant (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.53-0.70; p < 0.001). The results indicated that there is a need to improve the quality of public health-care services and perception towards them as improved health-care quality increases the choice of health-care providers.

Fear of racism, employment and expected organizational racism: their association with health.

Science.gov (United States)

Bécares, Laia; Stafford, Mai; Nazroo, James

2009-10-01

Racism has been argued to be a focal element of larger societal inequalities which generate ethnic health disparities. Despite suggestions that socio-demographic characteristics of the victim may influence the impact of racism on health, little is known in the United Kingdom about how self-reported experiences of racism vary by socio-demographic characteristics, whether racism contributes to ethnic differences in health and whether there is a differential association between racism and health for certain socio-demographic groups. Multilevel logistic regression models were conducted using data from the 2005 Citizenship Survey to identify the demographic characteristics associated with reporting experienced racism; explore the association between health, racism and its contribution to ethnic inequalities in health; and explore the moderating role that gender, age, ethnicity and socio-economic position (SEP) have in the relationship between racism and health. Females were significantly more likely to report fear of racial and religious attacks, but reported lower odds of experiencing employment and expected organizational discrimination. A trend was observed for decreasing employment discrimination as SEP decreased. A reverse association was found for SEP and expected organizational discrimination, where people in the lowest employment categories reported lower odds of experiencing discrimination. This study highlights variations in the types of racial discrimination most commonly reported across different socio-demographic characteristics. Despite substantial differences in the experience of racial discrimination, the detrimental impact of racism on health was the same across socio-demographic groups.

Australian consumer awareness of health benefits associated with vegetable consumption.

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Rekhy, Reetica; Khan, Aila; Eason, Jocelyn; Mactavish-West, Hazel; Lister, Carolyn; Mcconchie, Robyn

2017-04-01

The present study investigated the perceived health benefits of specific vegetable consumption to guide the use of nutrition and health claims on vegetable marketing collateral. Free elicitation and consumer ranking data were collected through an online survey of 1000 adults from across Australia and analysed for the perceived importance of vegetables in the daily diet, number of serves consumed per day, knowledge about health-related benefits of specific vegetables and perceived health benefits of vegetable consumption. The importance of vegetables in the diet and daily vegetable consumption was higher in people from an English-speaking background, females, people aged 45 years and over and people living in non-metropolitan areas. Digestion was selected as the major health benefit from consumption of specific vegetables. However, understanding of the health benefits of specific vegetable consumption was relatively low among consumers. Half of the respondents were not sure of the health benefits associated with specific vegetables, except for carrots and spinach. Some respondents volunteered nutrient content or other information. There was no clear indication that consumers understand the specific health benefits conferred by consumption of vegetables. Nutrient and health benefit labelling therefore has the capacity to enhance knowledge of vegetable consumers. It is recommended that health benefit labelling be tailored to promote greater consumption of vegetables in those demographic groups where vegetable consumption was lower. The present study assists the Australian vegetable industry in helping consumers make more informed consumption choices. © 2016 Dietitians Association of Australia.

Is Dental Utilization Associated with Oral Health Literacy?

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Burgette, J M; Lee, J Y; Baker, A D; Vann, W F

2016-02-01

The objectives of this study were to examine the pattern of association between dental utilization and oral health literacy (OHL). As part of the Carolina Oral Health Literacy Project, clients in the Women, Infants, and Children's Special Supplemental Nutrition Program completed a structured 30-min in-person interview conducted by 2 trained interviewers at 9 sites in 7 counties in North Carolina. Data were collected on clients' OHL, sociodemographics, dental utilization, self-efficacy, and dental knowledge. The outcome, OHL, was measured with a dental word recognition test (30-item Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry). Descriptive and multiple linear regression methods were used to examine the distribution of OHL and its association with covariates. After adjusting for age, education, race, marital status, self-efficacy, and dental knowledge, multiple linear regression showed that dental utilization was not a significant predictor of OHL (P > 0.05). Under the conditions of this study, dental utilization was not a significant predictor of OHL. © International & American Associations for Dental Research 2015.

Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Primer for Mental Health Counselors.

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Leinbaugh, Tracy C.

2001-01-01

Electroconvulsive therapy is the treatment of choice for severe depressive episodes. Although little definitive research exists to explain its effectiveness, since its development in 1938 it has proven effective for the treatment of depression with psychotic features and suicidal ideation. Explains the procedure and discusses implications for the…

Associations and foundations in the field of health care and their role in the health system of Poland.

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Piotrowicz, Maria; Cianciara, Dorota

2013-01-01

The article presents data on associations and foundations active in health care field in Poland, on the basis of a review of research done by Klon/Jawor Association and the Central Statistical Office. The article also applies to the issue of cooperation between NGOs and governmental adminstration in the health area and identifies lacking information that is necessary for better planning of national health policy. In Poland there are about three thousand associations and foundations whose main focus is the health care. In 2010, they accounted for about 7% of all non-governmental organizations. Results of representative nationwide surveys from 2008 and 2010 indicate that the NGO's active in the field of health care have, in most cases, legal form of associations. Almost half of the organizations declared national or international scope of action. Headquarters of most organizations were mainly in the cities, and only, one in twenty in the village. Most organizations were located in the mazowieckie province and a significant fraction of them was in Warsaw itself. Organizations were stood out by a relatively large number of personnel on the background of the entire NGO sector. Half of the organizations employed paid workers, the majority also collaborated with volunteers who were not members of the organization. More than a third of organizations dealt with the rehabilitation, therapy and long-term care, and about 1/3 dealt with prevention, health promotion and education, and blood donations. World Health Organization indicates the need for systematic collection of data about the role of the nongovernmental sector in health. In Poland, legal regulations require the public institutions and organizations to cooperate with NGOs to achieve health objectives. In spite of relevant data on NGOs in the field of health care in Poland, the necessary information to assess their potential are still lacking. Recognition of the capacity and limitations ofNGOs could enable better

Depressive symptoms in adolescence: the association with multiple health risk behaviors.

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Katon, Wayne; Richardson, Laura; Russo, Joan; McCarty, Carolyn A; Rockhill, Carol; McCauley, Elizabeth; Richards, Julie; Grossman, David C

2010-01-01

Although multiple studies of adolescents have examined the association of depression with individual health risk behaviors such as obesity or smoking, this is one of the few studies that examined the association between depression and multiple risk behaviors. A brief mail questionnaire, which screened for age, gender, weight, height, sedentary behaviors, physical activity, perception of general health, functional impairment and depressive symptoms, was completed by a sample of 2291 youth (60.7% response rate) aged 13-17 enrolled in a health care plan. A subset of youth who screened positive on the two-item depression screen and a random sample of those screening negative were approached to participate in a telephone interview with more in-depth information obtained on smoking and at-risk behaviors associated with drug and alcohol use. Youth screening positive for high levels of depressive symptoms compared to those with few or no depressive symptoms were significantly more likely to meet criteria for obesity, had a poorer perception of health, spent more time on the computer, got along less well with parents and friends, had more problems completing school work and were more likely to have experimented with smoking and a wide array of behaviors associated with drug and alcohol use. Because many adverse health behaviors that develop in adolescence continue into adulthood, the association of depressive symptoms with multiple risk behaviors and poor functioning suggest that early interventions are needed at an individual, school, community and primary care level. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Examining the association between oral health and oral HPV infection.

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Bui, Thanh Cong; Markham, Christine M; Ross, Michael Wallis; Mullen, Patricia Dolan

2013-09-01

Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the cause of 40% to 80% of oropharyngeal cancers; yet, no published study has examined the role of oral health in oral HPV infection, either independently or in conjunction with other risk factors. This study examined the relation between oral health and oral HPV infection and the interactive effects of oral health, smoking, and oral sex on oral HPV infection. Our analyses comprised 3,439 participants ages 30 to 69 years for whom data on oral HPV and oral health were available from the nationally representative 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Results showed that higher unadjusted prevalence of oral HPV infection was associated with four measures of oral health, including self-rated oral health as poor-to-fair [prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.56; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25-1.95], indicated the possibility of gum disease (PR = 1.51; 95% CI, 1.13-2.01), reported use of mouthwash to treat dental problems in the past week (PR = 1.28; 95% CI, 1.07-1.52), and higher number of teeth lost (Ptrend = 0.035). In multivariable logistic regression models, oral HPV infection had a statistically significant association with self-rated overall oral health (OR = 1.55; 95% CI, 1.15-2.09), independent of smoking and oral sex. In conclusion, poor oral health was an independent risk factor of oral HPV infection, irrespective of smoking and oral sex practices. Public health interventions may aim to promote oral hygiene and oral health as an additional measure to prevent HPV-related oral cancers.

Supervisor behaviour and its associations with employees' health in Europe.

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Montano, Diego

2016-02-01

To estimate the magnitude of the associations between different facets of supervisor behaviour and several health-related outcomes, and to assess whether these associations are mediated by known occupational health factors. Cross-sectional data from the European Working Conditions Survey were analysed by generalised linear mixed models (n = 32,770). Six regression models were estimated. Dependent variables include musculoskeletal (upper body, lower limbs, backache) and psychosomatic symptoms (stress and self-assessed general health). Independent variables correspond to several facets of supervisor behaviours such as supervisor support, feedback on work, ability to solve conflicts, encouragement to participate in decisions, and known occupational risk and protective factors. Even though supervisor behaviour is mediated by several known occupational risk factors, it still accounts for a substantial proportion of explained variance. The order of magnitude of associations was comparable to the strength of associations of known occupational risk factors. Odds ratios vary from 0.79 95% CI [0.73-0.86] to 1.12 95% CI [0.97-1.29] for dichotomous dependent variables. Regression coefficients vary from -0.22 95% CI [-0.28 to -0.17] to 0.07 95% CI [0.04-0.10] for metric dependent variables. Results suggest that good conflict solving skills, supervisor's work-planning ability, and a participative leadership style have the strongest predictive power regarding all health-related outcomes considered. Supervisor behaviour seems to play a non-negligible role from an occupational health perspective concerning the prevalence of musculoskeletal and psychosomatic symptoms. Results suggest that supervisor behaviour should be routinely assessed and monitored, especially among occupational groups reporting a lower quality of supervisor behaviours.

Association Between a Wider Availability of Health Information and Health Care Utilization in Vietnam: Cross-Sectional Study.

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Nguyen, Hoang Thuy Linh; Nakamura, Keiko; Seino, Kaoruko; Vo, Van Thang

2017-12-18

The rapid and widespread development of mass media sources including the Internet is occurring worldwide. Users are being confronted with a flood of health information through a wide availability of sources. Studies on how the availability of health information has triggered users' interest in utilizing health care services remain limited within the Vietnamese population. This study examined the associations between the wider availability of sources for health information and health care utilization in Vietnam after adjusting for potential confounding variables. The data for this study were drawn from a cross-sectional study conducted over a 6-month period in Hue, a city in central Vietnam. The participants were 993 randomly selected adults aged between 18 and 60 years. Information was collected through face-to-face interviews on the types of information sources that were consulted, including traditional media (television), Internet, and health education courses, as well as the impact of such information on health care use (emergency department visits, hospitalizations, doctor visits). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed at a 95% confidence level. The prevalence of watching television, using the Internet, and attending health education courses to obtain health information were 50.9% (505/993), 32.9% (327/993), and 8.7% (86/993), respectively. After further adjustments for self-reported health status, the presence of health insurance, and monthly income, respondents who watched television and used the Internet to obtain health information were 1.7 times more likely to visit a doctor (television: adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.69, 95% CI 1.30-2.19; Internet: AOR 1.64, 95% CI 1.23-2.19), and also significantly associated with inpatient hospitalization (P=.003). The use of widely available mass media sources (eg, television and the Internet) to obtain health information was associated with higher health care utilization. How this interest in health

Self-rated health status and subjective health complaints associated with health-promoting lifestyles among urban Chinese women: a cross-sectional study.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jingru Cheng

Full Text Available This study aimed to investigate whether self-rated health status (SRH and subjective health complaints (SHC of urban Chinese women are associated with their health-promoting lifestyles (HPL.We conducted a cross-sectional study on 8142 eligible Chinese participants between 2012 and 2013. Demographic and SHC data were collected. Each subject completed the SRH questionnaire and the Chinese version of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II. Correlation and binary regression analyses were performed to examine the associations of SRH and SHC with HPL.Both SRH and HPL of urban Chinese women were moderate. The most common complaints were fatigue (1972, 24.2%, eye discomfort (1571, 19.3%, and insomnia (1542, 18.9%. Teachers, highly educated subjects and elderly women had lower SRH scores, while college students and married women had better HPL. All items of HPLP-II were positively correlated with SRH (r = 0.127-0.533, P = 0.000 and negatively correlated with SHC to a significant extent (odds ratio [OR] = 1.40-11.37.Aspects of HPL, particularly stress management and spiritual growth, are associated with higher SRH and lower SHC ratings among urban Chinese women. Physical activity and health responsibility are additionally related to reduced fatigue and nervousness. We believe that these findings will be instrumental in encouraging researchers and urban women to adopt better health-promoting lifestyles with different priorities in their daily lives.

Association of rule of law and health outcomes: an ecological study

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Pinzon-Rondon, Angela Maria; Attaran, Amir; Botero, Juan Carlos; Ruiz-Sternberg, Angela Maria

2015-01-01

Objectives To explore whether the rule of law is a foundational determinant of health that underlies other socioeconomic, political and cultural factors that have been associated with health outcomes. Setting Global project. Participants Data set of 96 countries, comprising 91% of the global population. Primary and secondary outcome measures The following health indicators, infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rate, life expectancy, and cardiovascular disease and diabetes mortality rate, were included to explore their association with the rule of law. We used a novel Rule of Law Index, gathered from survey sources, in a cross-sectional and ecological design. The Index is based on eight subindices: (1) Constraints on Government Powers; (2) Absence of Corruption; (3) Order and Security; (4) Fundamental Rights; (5) Open Government; (6) Regulatory Enforcement, (7) Civil Justice; and (8) Criminal Justice. Results The rule of law showed an independent association with infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rate, life expectancy, and cardiovascular disease and diabetes mortality rate, after adjusting for the countries’ level of per capita income, their expenditures in health, their level of political and civil freedom, their Gini measure of inequality and women's status (pconstitute a structural barrier to health improvement. PMID:26515684

National Academy of Medicine Social and Behavioral Measures: Associations With Self-Reported Health.

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Prather, Aric A; Gottlieb, Laura M; Giuse, Nunzia B; Koonce, Taneya Y; Kusnoor, Sheila V; Stead, William W; Adler, Nancy E

2017-10-01

Social and behavioral factors play important roles in physical and mental health; however, they are not routinely assessed in the healthcare system. A brief panel of measures of social and behavioral determinants of health (SBDs) were recommended in a National Academy of Medicine report for use in electronic health records. Initial testing of the panel established feasibility of use and robustness of the measures. This study evaluates their convergent and divergent validity in relation to self-reported physical and mental health and social desirability bias. Adults, aged ≥18 years, were recruited through Qualtrics online panel survey platform in 2015 (data analyzed in 2015-2016). Participants completed the (1) panel of SBD measures; (2) 12-Item Short Form Health Survey to assess associations with global physical and mental health; and (3) Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale short form to assess whether social desirability influenced associations between SBD measures and self-reported health. The sample included 513 participants (mean age, 47.9 [SD=14.2] years; 65.5% female). Several SBD domain measures were associated with physical and mental health. Adjusting for age, poorer physical and mental health were observed among participants reporting higher levels of financial resource strain, stress, depression, physical inactivity, current tobacco use, and a positive score for intimate partner violence. These associations remained significant after adjustment for social desirability bias. SBD domains were associated with global measures of physical and mental health and were not impacted by social desirability bias. The panel of SBD measures should now be tested in clinical settings. Copyright © 2017 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Low Health Literacy Is Associated with Increased Transitional Care Needs in Hospitalized Patients.

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Boyle, Joseph; Speroff, Theodore; Worley, Katherine; Cao, Aize; Goggins, Kathryn; Dittus, Robert S; Kripalani, Sunil

2017-11-01

To examine the association of health literacy with the number and type of transitional care needs (TCN) among patients being discharged to home. A cross-sectional analysis of patients admitted to an academic medical center. Nurses administered the Brief Health Literacy Screen and documented TCNs along 10 domains: caregiver support, transportation, healthcare utilization, high-risk medical comorbidities, medication management, medical devices, functional status, mental health comorbidities, communication, and financial resources. Among the 384 patients analyzed, 113 (29%) had inadequate health literacy. Patients with inadequate health literacy had needs in more TCN domains (mean = 5.29 vs 4.36; P literacy were significantly more likely to have TCNs in 7 out of the 10 domains. In multivariate analyses, inadequate health literacy remained significantly associated with inadequate caregiver support (odds ratio [OR], 2.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.37-4.99) and transportation barriers (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.04-2.76). Among hospitalized patients, inadequate health literacy is prevalent and independently associated with other needs that place patients at a higher risk of adverse outcomes, such as hospital readmission. Screening for inadequate health literacy and associated needs may enable hospitals to address these barriers and improve postdischarge outcomes. © 2017 Society of Hospital Medicine

Perceived school safety is strongly associated with adolescent mental health problems.

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Nijs, Miesje M; Bun, Clothilde J E; Tempelaar, Wanda M; de Wit, Niek J; Burger, Huibert; Plevier, Carolien M; Boks, Marco P M

2014-02-01

School environment is an important determinant of psychosocial function and may also be related to mental health. We therefore investigated whether perceived school safety, a simple measure of this environment, is related to mental health problems. In a population-based sample of 11,130 secondary school students, we analysed the relationship of perceived school safety with mental health problems using multiple logistic regression analyses to adjust for potential confounders. Mental health problems were defined using the clinical cut-off of the self-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. School safety showed an exposure-response relationship with mental health problems after adjustment for confounders. Odds ratios increased from 2.48 ("sometimes unsafe") to 8.05 ("very often unsafe"). The association was strongest in girls and young and middle-aged adolescents. Irrespective of the causal background of this association, school safety deserves attention either as a risk factor or as an indicator of mental health problems.

Associations Among Work and Family Health Climate, Health Behaviors, Work Schedule, and Body Weight.

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Buden, Jennifer C; Dugan, Alicia G; Faghri, Pouran D; Huedo-Medina, Tania B; Namazi, Sara; Cherniack, Martin G

2017-06-01

Correctional employees exhibit elevated obesity rates. This study examines interrelations among health behaviors, health climate, body mass index (BMI), and work schedule. Using survey results from correctional supervisors (n = 157), mediation and moderated-mediation analyses were performed to examine how health behaviors explain relationships between obesity, work health climate (WHC) and family health climate (FHC), and work schedule. Over 85% of the sample was overweight/obese (mean BMI = 30.20). Higher WHC and FHC were associated with lower BMI, mediated by nutrition, and physical activity. The interaction effect between health behavior and work schedule revealed a protective effect on BMI. Overtime shift work may share a relationship with BMI. Findings may have implications for reexamining organizational policies on maximum weekly overtime in corrections. They provide direction for targeted obesity interventions that encourage a supportive FHC and promote healthy behaviors among supervisors working overtime.

Associations among Work and Family Health Climate, Health Behaviors, Work Schedule and Body Weight

Science.gov (United States)

Buden, Jennifer C.; Dugan, Alicia G.; Faghri, Pouran D.; Huedo-Medina, Tania B.; Namazi, Sara; Cherniack, Martin G.

2017-01-01

Objectives Correctional employees exhibit elevated obesity rates. This study examines interrelations among health behaviors, health climate, BMI, and work schedule. Methods Using survey results from correctional supervisors (n=157), mediation and moderated-mediation analyses were performed to examine how health behaviors explain relationships between obesity, work health climate (WHC) and family health climate (FHC), and work schedule. Results Over 85% of the sample was overweight/obese (mean BMI=30.20). Higher WHC and FHC were associated with lower BMI, mediated by nutrition and physical activity. The interaction effect between health behavior and work schedule revealed a protective effect on BMI. Overtime shiftwork may share a relationship with BMI. Conclusions Findings may have implications for reexamining organizational policies on maximum weekly overtime in corrections. They provide direction for targeted obesity interventions that encourage a supportive FHC and promote healthy behaviors among supervisors working overtime. PMID:28471768

Association between Health Information Technology and Case Mix Index.

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Park, Young-Taek; Lee, Junsang; Lee, Jinhyung

2017-10-01

Health information technology (IT) can assist healthcare providers in ordering medication and adhering to guidelines while improving communication among providers and the quality of care. However, the relationship between health IT and Case Mix Index (CMI) has not been thoroughly investigated; therefore, this study aimed to clarify this relationship. To examine the effect of health IT on CMI, a generalized estimation equation (GEE) was applied to two years of California hospital data. We found that IT was positively associated with CMI, indicating that increased IT adoption could lead to a higher CMI or billing though DRG up-coding. This implies that hospitals' revenue could increase around $40,000 by increasing IT investment by 10%. The positive association between IT and CMI implies that IT adoption itself could lead to higher patient billings. Generally, a higher CMI in a hospital indicates that the hospital provides expensive services with higher coding and therefore receives more money from patients. Therefore, measures to prevent upcoding through IT systems should be implemented.

Job stress and mental health among nonregular workers in Korea: What dimensions of job stress are associated with mental health?

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Park, Soo Kyung; Rhee, Min-Kyoung; Barak, Michàlle Mor

2016-01-01

Although nonregular workers experience higher job stress, poorer mental health, and different job stress dimensions relative to regular workers, little is known about which job stress dimensions are associated with poor mental health among nonregular workers. This study investigated the association between job stress dimensions and mental health among Korean nonregular workers. Data were collected from 333 nonregular workers in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, and logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results of the study indicated that high job insecurity and lack of rewards had stronger associations with poor mental health than other dimensions of job stress when controlling for sociodemographic and psychosocial variables. It is important for the government and organizations to improve job security and reward systems to reduce job stress among nonregular workers and ultimately alleviate their mental health issues.

Disproportionate Mental Health Burden Associated With Past-Year Intimate Partner Violence Among Women Receiving Care in the Veterans Health Administration.

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Dichter, Melissa E; Sorrentino, Anneliese; Bellamy, Scarlett; Medvedeva, Elina; Roberts, Christopher B; Iverson, Katherine M

2017-12-01

Experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) can lead to mental health conditions, including anxiety, depression, and unhealthy substance use. Women seen in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) face high rates of both IPV and mental health morbidity. This study aimed to identify associations between recent IPV experience and mental health diagnoses among women VHA patients. We examined medical records data for 8,888 female veteran and nonveteran VHA patients across 13 VHA facilities who were screened for past-year IPV between April, 2014 and April, 2016. Compared with women who screened negative for past-year IPV (IPV-), those who screened positive (IPV+; 8.7%) were more than twice as likely to have a mental health diagnosis, adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.95, 2.64]; or more than two mental health diagnoses, AOR = 2.29, 95% CI [1.93, 2.72]). Screening IPV+ was also associated with significantly higher odds of each type of mental health morbidity (AOR range = 1.85-3.19) except psychoses. Over half (53.5%) of the women who screened IPV+ had a mental health diagnosis, compared with fewer than one-third (32.6%) of those who screened IPV-. Each subtype of IPV (psychological, physical, and sexual violence) was significantly associated with having a mental health diagnosis (AOR range = 2.25-2.37) or comorbidity (AOR range = 2.17-2.78). Associations remained when adjusting for military sexual trauma and combat trauma among the veteran subsample. These findings highlight the mental health burden associated with past-year IPV among female VHA patients and underscore the need to address psychological and sexual IPV, in addition to physical violence. Published 2017. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

Associations of Military Divorce with Mental, Behavioral, and Physical Health Outcomes

Science.gov (United States)

2015-06-19

sion was similar among recent divorcees and those who were single. Understanding the temporal proximity of the association between a recent divorce ...Shapiro E. Alcohol consumption and divorce : Which causes which? J Divorce . 1988;12(1):127–36. 60. Lee MR, Chassin L, Mackinnon D. The effect of marriage...Naval Health Research Center Associations of Military Divorce With Mental, Behavioral, and Physical Health Outcomes Lawrence Wang Amber Seelig

A survey of the governance capacity of national public health associations to enhance population health.

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Chauvin, James; Shukla, Mahesh; Rice, James; Rispel, Laetitia

2016-03-11

National public health associations (PHAs) are key partners with governments and communities to improve, protect and promote the public's health. Governance and organizational capacity are among the key determinants of a PHA's effectiveness as an advocate for appropriate public health policies and practice. During 2014, the World Federation of Public Health Associations (WFPHA) conducted an on-line survey of its 82 PHA members, to identify the state of organizational governance of national public health associations, as well as the factors that influence optimal organizational governance. The survey consisted of 13 questions and focused on the main elements of organizational governance: cultivating accountability; engaging stakeholders; setting shared direction; stewarding resources; and, continuous governance enhancement. Four questions included a qualitative open-ended response for additional comments. The survey data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The qualitative data was analyzed using thematic content analysis Responses were received from 62 PHAs, constituting a 75.6 % response rate. The two most important factors that support governance effectiveness were a high degree of integrity and ethical behavior of the PHA's leaders (77 %) and the competence of people serving on the PHA's governing body (76 %). The lack of financial resources was considered as the most important factor that negatively affected organizational governance effectiveness (73 %). The lack of mentoring for future PHA leaders; ineffective or incompetent leadership; lack of understanding about good governance practices; and lack of accurate information for strategic planning were identified as factors influencing PHA governance effectiveness. Critical elements for PHA sustainability included diversity, gender-responsiveness and inclusive governance practices, and strategies to build the future generation of public health leaders. National PHA have a responsibility to put into place

Sense of humor at work: assessment and associations with health

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Doosje, S.

2010-01-01

This dissertation is about health-related sense of humor measurement and associations between a sense of humor and health. Two sense of humor measures were developed, the QOHC and the HCL. The QOHC measures four humorous coping styles, aimed at acquiring positive affective states: antecedent-focused

Psychosocial risk factors in home and community settings and their associations with population health and health inequalities: A systematic meta-review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Petticrew Mark

2008-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The effects of psychosocial risk factors on population health and health inequalities has featured prominently in epidemiological research literature as well as public health policy strategies. We have conducted a meta-review (a review of reviews exploring how psychosocial factors may relate to population health in home and community settings. Methods Systematic review (QUORUM of literature reviews (published in any language or country on the health associations of psychosocial risk factors in community settings. The literature search included electronic and manual searches. Two reviewers appraised included reviews using criteria for assessing systematic reviews. Data from the more robust reviews were extracted, tabulated and synthesised. Results Thirty-one reviews met our inclusion criteria. These explored a variety of psychosocial factors including social support and networks, social capital, social cohesion, collective efficacy, participation in local organisations – and less favourable psychosocial risk factors such as demands, exposure to community violence or anti-social behaviour, exposure to discrimination, and stress related to acculturation to western society. Most of the reviews focused on associations between social networks/support and physical or mental health. We identified some evidence of favourable psychosocial environments associated with better health. Reviews also found evidence of unfavourable psychosocial risk factors linked to poorer health, particularly among socially disadvantaged groups. However, the more robust reviews each identified studies with inconclusive findings, as well as studies finding evidence of associations. We also identified some evidence of apparently favourable psychosocial risk factors associated with poorer health. Conclusion From the review literature we have synthesised, where associations have been identified, they generally support the view that favourable psychosocial