Grab for gripping open moulds and those closed with a lid with radioactive contents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1981-01-01

The grap consists of a through shaft at the top end of which the crane suspension is fastened. The lower shaft end carries a star-shaped sleeve, whose six arms have radial slots. Grab arms with grab claws alternatively directed inwards and outwards are assigned to the six arms of the sleeve. The grab arms can be actuated or held in the guides or switching curves in three different positions. (DG) [de

CARACTERÍSTICAS DEMOGRÁFICAS, HÁBITOS DE VIDA E HISTORIA DEL CONSUMO DE TABACO DE LOS FUMADORES OCASIONALES EN ESPAÑA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucía Díez Gañán

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Back ground. This study des cribes the so cio de mo grap hic cha rac te ris tics, health-re lated li fest yle, and his tory of to bac co con sump tion of the oc casional smo kers in Spain, and exa mines whet her they show dif fe ren ces against daily smo kers. Met hods. Data were ob tai ned from the Na tional Health Sur vey of Spain, ca rried out in 1993 through hou sehold in ter - views on a sam ple re pre sen ta ti ve of the non-ins ti tu tio na li sed po pu la tion aged 16 year and ol der. Analy ses were per for med with lo gis tic re gres sion and ad justed for so cio de mo grap hic, health-sta te and life-style va ria bles. Results. Out of the 6,668 smo kers in the sur vey, oc casional smokers were 9.2%, whi le daily smo kers of £5 ci garettes and >5 cigarettes were 9.9% and 80.9%, res pectively. As com pared with daily smo kers of >5 ci garettes, oc casional smo kers were more fre - quently wo men (odds ra tio (0R:2.12; CI95%:1.72-2.61, youn ger (OR aged 25-44 ver sus 16-24 years: 0.75; 0.58-0.96, with lo wer alcohol con sumption (p for li near trend: 0.0349, and hig her lei su - re-time physi cal ac tivity (p for li near trend: 5 ci garettes. Con clu sions: Occa sio nal smo kers show so cio de mo grap hic cha rac te ris tics, health-re lated li fest yle, and his tory of to bac co con sump tion dif fe rent from daily smo kers. Such dif fe ren ces sug gest that re search and in ter ven tion pro grams spe cifically tai lo red to oc ca sio nal smo kers should be de veloped.

Perceptions of visual communication design education in higher education in Ireland: A multi-case study from the design industry, institutes and graduates perspectives

OpenAIRE

DOWLING, FIONA

2018-01-01

APPROVED ?Use your own vision and mentality in order to form design decisions + Don?t believe your professor? Annelys de Vet ? (Kiosoglou & Frank, Ed. 2013., p 34). The aim of the study was to evaluate and construct an explanation behind the currency that higher education degrees in design enjoy in Ireland. The Visual Communication (VC) design discipline at Bachelors (BA) level accounted for the greatest cohort of students leaving design HE in Ireland in the 1990s. This grap...

Graph Treewidth and Geometric Thickness Parameters

OpenAIRE

Dujmović, Vida; Wood, David R.

2005-01-01

Consider a drawing of a graph $G$ in the plane such that crossing edges are coloured differently. The minimum number of colours, taken over all drawings of $G$, is the classical graph parameter "thickness". By restricting the edges to be straight, we obtain the "geometric thickness". By further restricting the vertices to be in convex position, we obtain the "book thickness". This paper studies the relationship between these parameters and treewidth. Our first main result states that for grap...

Kultuurkapitali aastapreemiad 2004 / Sverre Laanjärv

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Laanjärv, Sverre

2005-01-01

Eesti Kultuurkapitali peapreemia sai Toomas Rank Rägavere mõisa ennistamise eest. Arhitektuuri sihtkapitali renoveerimispreemia - Mari Kurismaa, Eesti Draamateatri interjööride renoveerimine; objektipreemia - Martin Aunin, Ülemiste hotell; interjööripreemia - Jan Joonas Graps, Ken-Kristjan Ruut, "Jungenti" büroo; arhitektuurse tegevuse preemia - Veneetsia biennaali Eesti väljapaneku "Time Out Architecture" autorid (Kristjan Holm ning Liina Jänes, Agu Külm, Jukka-Pekka Jalovaara, Pille Epner, Madis Jürgen, Tõnu Kaalep, Ingmar Muusikus)

Arhitektuuriaasta 2004 = The year in architecture 2004 / Epp Lankots

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Lankots, Epp, 1976-

2005-01-01

Arhitektuuriauhindade nominentidest ja premeeritutest. Eesti Kultuurkapitali aastapreemia sai Toomas Rank Rägavere mõisa renoveerimise eest. Arhitektuuri sihtkapitali renoveerimispreemia - Mari Kurismaa, Eesti Draamateatri interjööride renoveerimine; objektipreemia - Martin Aunin, Ülemiste hotell; interjööripreemia - Jan Joonas Graps, Ken-Kristjan Ruut, "Jungenti" büroo; arhitektuurse tegevuse preemia - Kristjan Holm, Liina Jänes, Agu Külm, Jukka-Pekka Jalovaara, Pille Epner, Madis Jürgen, Tõnu Kaalep, Ingmar Muusikus, Eesti ekspositsioon "Aeg-maha-arhitektuur" Veneetsia arhitektuuribiennaalil

Towards functionalization of graphene: in situ study of the nucleation of copper-phtalocyanine on graphene

OpenAIRE

Schwarz, Daniel; Henneke, Caroline; Kumpf, Christian

2016-01-01

Molecular films present an elegant way for the uniform functionalization or doping of graphene. Here, we present an in situ study on the initial growth of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) on epitaxial graphene on Ir(111). We followed the growth up to a closed monolayer with low energy electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction (μLEED). The molecules coexist on graphene in a disordered phase without long-range order and an ordered crystalline phase. The local topography of the grap...

Introductory graph theory

CERN Document Server

Chartrand, Gary

1984-01-01

Graph theory is used today in the physical sciences, social sciences, computer science, and other areas. Introductory Graph Theory presents a nontechnical introduction to this exciting field in a clear, lively, and informative style. Author Gary Chartrand covers the important elementary topics of graph theory and its applications. In addition, he presents a large variety of proofs designed to strengthen mathematical techniques and offers challenging opportunities to have fun with mathematics. Ten major topics - profusely illustrated - include: Mathematical Models, Elementary Concepts of Grap

Unveiling the Structural Origin of the High Carrier Mobility of a Molecular Monolayer on Boron Nitride

OpenAIRE

Xu, Rui; He, Daowei; Zhang, Yuhan; Wu, Bing; Liu, Fengyuan; Meng, Lan; Liu, Jun-Fang; Wu, Qisheng; Shi, Yi; Wang, Jinlan; Nie, Jia-Cai; Wang, Xinran; He, Lin

2014-01-01

Very recently, it was demonstrated that the carrier mobility of a molecular monolayer dioctylbenzothienobenzothiophene (C8-BTBT) on boron nitride can reach 10 cm2/Vs, the highest among the previously reported monolayer molecular field-effect transistors. Here we show that the high-quality single crystal of the C8-BTBT monolayer may be the key origin of the record-high carrier mobility. We discover that the C8-BTBT molecules prefer layer-by-layer growth on both hexagonal boron nitride and grap...

Mathematical structures for computer graphics

CERN Document Server

Janke, Steven J

2014-01-01

A comprehensive exploration of the mathematics behind the modeling and rendering of computer graphics scenes Mathematical Structures for Computer Graphics presents an accessible and intuitive approach to the mathematical ideas and techniques necessary for two- and three-dimensional computer graphics. Focusing on the significant mathematical results, the book establishes key algorithms used to build complex graphics scenes. Written for readers with various levels of mathematical background, the book develops a solid foundation for graphics techniques and fills in relevant grap

Weighted Maximum-Clique Transversal Sets of Graphs

OpenAIRE

Chuan-Min Lee

2011-01-01

A maximum-clique transversal set of a graph G is a subset of vertices intersecting all maximum cliques of G. The maximum-clique transversal set problem is to find a maximum-clique transversal set of G of minimum cardinality. Motivated by the placement of transmitters for cellular telephones, Chang, Kloks, and Lee introduced the concept of maximum-clique transversal sets on graphs in 2001. In this paper, we study the weighted version of the maximum-clique transversal set problem for split grap...

Stalkerid sisekujundusmaastikul / Jan Joonas Graps, Ken-Kristjan Ruut ; intervjueerinud Aale Kask

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Graps, Jan Joonas, 1972-

2008-01-01

Sisearhitektide Jan Joonas Grapsi ja Ken-Kristjan Ruudu loomingust, tehtud tööde loetelu. Sarjast WooDoo. Pelgulinnas Kaera 22 asuva korteri (arhitekt Harry Klaar) ja Murastes asuva eramu (arhitekt Mart Kadarik) sisekujundusest

Enzymatic desulfation of the red seaweeds agar by Marinomonas arylsulfatase.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Xueyan; Duan, Delin; Fu, Xiaoting

2016-12-01

Agar and sulfated galactans were isolated from the red seaweeds Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis and Gelidium amansii. A previously purified arylsulfatase from Marinomonas sp. FW-1 was used to remove sulfate groups in agar and sulfated galactans. After enzymatic desulfation, the sulfate content decreased to about 0.16% and gel strength increased about two folds. Moreover, there was no difference between the DNA electrophoresis spectrum on the gel of the arylsulfatase-treated agar and that of the commercial agarose. In order to reveal the desulfation ratio and site, chemical and structural identification of sulfated galactan were carried out. G. amansii sulfated galactan with 7.4% sulfated content was composed of galactose and 3,6-anhydro-l-galactose. Meanwhile, G. lemaneiformis sulfated galactan with 8.5% sulfated content was composed of galactose, 3,6-anhydro-l-galactose, 2-O-methyl-3,6-anhydro-l-galactose and xylose. Data from 13 C NMR, FT-IR, GC-MS provided evidence of sulfate groups at C-4 and C-6 of d-galactose and C-6 of l-galactose both in GRAP and GEAP. Data from GC-MS revealed that desulfation was carried out by the arylsulfatase at the sulfate bonds at C-4 and C-6 of d-galactose and C-6 of l-galactose, with a desulfation ratio of 83.4% and 86.0% against GEAP and GRAP, respectively. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

CCD research. [design, fabrication, and applications

Science.gov (United States)

Gassaway, J. D.

1976-01-01

The fundamental problems encountered in designing, fabricating, and applying CCD's are reviewed. Investigations are described and results and conclusions are given for the following: (1) the development of design analyses employing computer aided techniques and their application to the design of a grapped structure; (2) the role of CCD's in applications to electronic functions, in particular, signal processing; (3) extending the CCD to silicon films on sapphire (SOS); and (4) all aluminum transfer structure with low noise input-output circuits. Related work on CCD imaging devices is summarized.

Graph of growth data - The Rice Growth Monitoring for The Phenotypic Functional Analysis | LSDB Archive [Life Science Database Archive metadata

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available List Contact us The Rice Growth Monitoring for The Phenotypic Functional Analysis Graph of growth data Data ...detail Data name Graph of growth data DOI 10.18908/lsdba.nbdc00945-003 Description of data contents The grap...h of chronological changes in root, coleoptile, the first leaf, and the second leaf. Data file File name: growth..._data_graph.zip File URL: ftp://ftp.biosciencedbc.jp/archive/agritogo-rice-phenome/LATEST/data/growth...e Update History of This Database Site Policy | Contact Us Graph of growth data -

Calorimetry at industrial electron accelerators

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Miller, Arne; Kovacs, A.

1985-01-01

Calorimetry is a convenient way to measure doses at industrial electron accelerators, where high absorbed doses (1-100 kGy) are delivered at dose rates of 102-105 Gy s-1 or even higher. Water calorimeters have been used for this purpose for several years, but recently other materials such as grap......Calorimetry is a convenient way to measure doses at industrial electron accelerators, where high absorbed doses (1-100 kGy) are delivered at dose rates of 102-105 Gy s-1 or even higher. Water calorimeters have been used for this purpose for several years, but recently other materials...

Quantitative relationship between SAR and temperature rise inside eyeball in a realistic human heat model for 1.5 GHz-microwave exposure; 1.5GHz maikuroha wo abita tobu real model ni okeru gankyunai no hikyushuritsu to josho ondo tono teiryo kankei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takai, K.; Fujiwara, O. [Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya (Japan)

1997-12-20

For investigating biological effects of a localized SAR (specific absorption rate) deposited in a human body for electromagnetic wave exposure, it is indispensable to graps a temperature-rise inside a human brain including the control center for the body temperature. This paper numerically analyzes a temperature-rise inside an eyeball of our developed realistic head model for 1.5 GHz microwave exposure, using the FD-TD (finite-difference time-domain) method. The computed results are validated in comparison with the data obtained by Taflove and his colleague. In order to examine a quantitative relationship between the localized SAR and temperature-rise, we also obtained a tissue amount over which the localized SAR should be averaged so as to well reflect the temperature-rise distribution inside the eyeball. 15 refs., 9 figs., 3 tabs.

Jan ja Ken - vennad disainerid ja sisearhitektid / Jan Joonas Graps, Ken-Kristjan Ruut ; intervjueerinud Tanel Veenre

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Graps, Jan Joonas, 1972-

2009-01-01

Jan Joonas Grapsi ja Ken-Kristjan Ruuduga nende loomingust ja kujundamispõhimõtetest. 2004. a. asutasid vennad oma sisearhitektuuri ja disainiga tegeleva firma Jan & Ken OÜ. Pälvisid Eesti Sisearhitektide Liidu 2008. aasta parima ühiskondliku interjööri preemia, EXPO 2010 Eesti paviljoni võistlusel 2. koha

Development of a parallel trigger framework for rare decay searches

CERN Document Server

Pantaleo, Felice

The simplicity of kaon decays (few decay channels, low final-state multiplicities) enable the possibility to reach an excellent sensitivity in the searches of lepton flavor violating decays. The experimental characteristics of decays like $K^+\\to \\pi^- \\mu^+ \\mu^+$ are very clear and allow an efficient background rejection. However, the measurement of this kind of events requires the production of a remarkable number of kaon decays. The bandwidth of tape recording system currently available does not allow the storage of all the produced events. A multi-stage selection of the potentially interesting events is required (trigger). At NA62, a first selection is done in real-time (response time $<1$ ms) by the level 0 trigger. The level 0 trigger is based on programmable logic (FPGA) that does not allow the same flexibility of the processors used for software programmable computers. The performance of parallel architectures like multi-cores CPUs and GPUs (Graphics Processing Units), located on computers grap...

Manipulation of biological samples using micro and nano techniques.

Science.gov (United States)

Castillo, Jaime; Dimaki, Maria; Svendsen, Winnie Edith

2009-01-01

The constant interest in handling, integrating and understanding biological systems of interest for the biomedical field, the pharmaceutical industry and the biomaterial researchers demand the use of techniques that allow the manipulation of biological samples causing minimal or no damage to their natural structure. Thanks to the advances in micro- and nanofabrication during the last decades several manipulation techniques offer us the possibility to image, characterize and manipulate biological material in a controlled way. Using these techniques the integration of biomaterials with remarkable properties with physical transducers has been possible, giving rise to new and highly sensitive biosensing devices. This article reviews the different techniques available to manipulate and integrate biological materials in a controlled manner either by sliding them along a surface (2-D manipulation), by grapping them and moving them to a new position (3-D manipulation), or by manipulating and relocating them applying external forces. The advantages and drawbacks are mentioned together with examples that reflect the state of the art of manipulation techniques for biological samples (171 references).

In vitro and in vivo effects of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide on glioblastoma

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jaworski, Sławomir; Sawosz, Ewa; Kutwin, Marta

2015-01-01

Graphene and its related counterparts are considered the future of advanced nanomaterials owing to their exemplary properties. However, information about their toxicity and biocompatibility is limited. The objective of this study is to evaluate the toxicity of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced grap......, the level of apoptotic markers increased in rGO-treated tumors. We show that rGO induces cell death mostly through apoptosis, indicating the potential applicability of graphene in cancer therapy.......Graphene and its related counterparts are considered the future of advanced nanomaterials owing to their exemplary properties. However, information about their toxicity and biocompatibility is limited. The objective of this study is to evaluate the toxicity of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced...... graphene oxide (rGO) platelets, using U87 and U118 glioma cell lines for an in vitro model and U87 tumors cultured on chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane for an in vivo model. The in vitro investigation consisted of structural analysis of GO and rGO platelets using transmission electron microscopy...

SATCAP-B: a program for thermal-hydraulic design of 'Saturated Temperature Capsule'

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Harayama, Yasuo; Someya, Hiroyuki; Niimi, Motoji

1989-11-01

As an advanced irradiation technique, the JMTR (Japan Materials Testing Reactor) project is developing a 'Saturated Temperature Capsule' which water is injected in and boiled. When the water is kept at a constant pressure, the water temperature does not become higher than the saturated temperature. This type capsule is based on the conception of keeping the coolant to the saturated temperature and using the temperature control. In designing the capsule in which the inner coolant is injected, thermal performances have to be understood as exactly as possible. Then, a program (named SATCAP) was compiled to graps the thermal performance within the capsule. On the other hand, a 'Saturated Temperature Capsule' was made and irradiated in the JMTR core. It was indicated from supplied water temperatures recorded by thermo-couples attached in the capsule that heat transfer coefficients prefered models due to natural convection to models incorporated in the initial version of the program. Then, the program was revised by adding mainly heat transfer model based on natural convection. The present report describes the calculation procedure and guides of input and output for the revised program (SATCAP version-B). (author)

Contribution of Environmental Surveillance Toward Interruption of Poliovirus Transmission in Nigeria, 2012-2015.

Science.gov (United States)

Johnson Muluh, Ticha; Hamisu, Abdullahi Walla; Craig, Kehinde; Mkanda, Pascal; Andrew, Etsano; Adeniji, Johnson; Akande, Adefunke; Musa, Audu; Ayodeji, Isiaka; Nicksy, Gumede; Banda, Richard; Tegegne, Sisay G; Nsubuga, Peter; Oyetunji, Ajiboye; Diop, Ousmane; Vaz, Rui G; Muhammad, Ado J G

2016-05-01

Cases of paralysis caused by poliovirus have decreased by >99% since the 1988 World Health Assembly's resolution to eradicate polio. The World Health Organization identified environmental surveillance (ES) of poliovirus in the poliomyelitis eradication strategic plan as an activity that can complement acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance. This article summarizes key public health interventions that followed the isolation of polioviruses from ES between 2012 and 2015. The grap method was used to collect 1.75 L of raw flowing sewage every 2-4 weeks. Once collected, samples were shipped at 4 °C to a polio laboratory for concentration. ES data were then used to guide program implementation. From 2012 to 2015, ES reported 97 circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV2) and 14 wild polioviruses. In 2014 alone, 54 cVDPV type 2 cases and 1 WPV type 1 case were reported. In Sokoto State, 58 cases of AFP were found from a search of 9426 households. A total of 2 252 059 inactivated polio vaccine and 2 460 124 oral polio vaccine doses were administered to children aged poliovirus transmission in Nigeria. © 2016 World Health Organization; licensee Oxford Journals.

SEOM's Sentinel-3/OLCI' project CAWA: advanced GRASP aerosol retrieval

Science.gov (United States)

Dubovik, Oleg; litvinov, Pavel; Huang, Xin; Aspetsberger, Michael; Fuertes, David; Brockmann, Carsten; Fischer, Jürgen; Bojkov, Bojan

2016-04-01

The CAWA "Advanced Clouds, Aerosols and WAter vapour products for Sentinel-3/OLCI" ESA-SEOM project aims on the development of advanced atmospheric retrieval algorithms for the Sentinel-3/OLCI mission, and is prepared using Envisat/MERIS and Aqua/MODIS datasets. This presentation discusses mainly CAWA aerosol product developments and results. CAWA aerosol retrieval uses recently developed GRASP algorithm (Generalized Retrieval of Aerosol and Surface Properties) algorithm described by Dubovik et al. (2014). GRASP derives extended set of atmospheric parameters using multi-pixel concept - a simultaneous fitting of a large group of pixels under additional a priori constraints limiting the time variability of surface properties and spatial variability of aerosol properties. Over land GRASP simultaneously retrieves properties of both aerosol and underlying surface even over bright surfaces. GRAPS doesn't use traditional look-up-tables and performs retrieval as search in continuous space of solution. All radiative transfer calculations are performed as part of the retrieval. The results of comprehensive sensitivity tests, as well as results obtained from real Envisat/MERIS data will be presented. The tests analyze various aspects of aerosol and surface reflectance retrieval accuracy. In addition, the possibilities of retrieval improvement by means of implementing synergetic inversion of a combination of OLCI data with observations by SLSTR are explored. Both the results of numerical tests, as well as the results of processing several years of Envisat/MERIS data illustrate demonstrate reliable retrieval of AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth) and surface BRDF. Observed retrieval issues and advancements will be discussed. For example, for some situations we illustrate possibilities of retrieving aerosol absorption - property that hardly accessible from satellite observations with no multi-angular and polarimetric capabilities.

Porphyromonas endodontalis in chronic periodontitis: a clinical and microbiological cross-sectional study.

Science.gov (United States)

Lombardo Bedran, Telma Blanca; Marcantonio, Rosemary Adriana C; Spin Neto, Rubens; Alves Mayer, Marcia Pinto; Grenier, Daniel; Spolidorio, Luis Carlos; Spolidorio, Denise Palomari

2012-01-01

Although previous studies have shown the presence of Porphyromonas endodontalis in chronic periodontitis associated with periapical lesions, the occurrence of this pathogen in diseased periodontal sites without periapical lesions has been poorly investigated. The aims of this study were to quantify P. endodontalis in patients with chronic periodontitis without periapical lesions, to evaluate the potential correlation of P. endodontalis with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia, and to evaluate the ability of periodontal treatment to reduce these pathogens. Patients with generalized chronic periodontitis were selected by recording clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD), and bleeding on probing (BOP). Subgingival samples from 30 diseased nonadjacent sites (CAL≥5 mm, PD between 5 and 7 mm and positive BOP) and 30 healthy nonadjacent sites (PD≤3 mm and negative BOP) were collected and subjected to microbial analysis by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) The variables of age, PD, CAL and BOP of all individuals were analyzed using the paired t-test (GrapPad Prism5(®)). Data of bacteria quantification were subjected to a normality test (D'Agostino-Pearson Test). For bacterial correlation analysis, the Spearman correlation was used. Our results showed that diseased sites had significantly higher levels of P. endodontalis compared to healthy sites, similar to the results obtained for P. gingivalis and T. forsythia. The numbers of all bacterial species were reduced significantly after mechanical periodontal treatment. P. endodontalis was significantly correlated with the presence of T. forsythia and P. gingivalis in the diseased group. Our results suggest that there is a high prevalence of P. endodontalis, P. gingivalis and T. forsythia in periodontitis sites and that mechanical periodontal treatment is effective at reducing the pathogens studied.

Porphyromonas endodontalis in chronic periodontitis: a clinical and microbiological cross-sectional study

Science.gov (United States)

Lombardo Bedran, Telma Blanca; Marcantonio, Rosemary Adriana C.; Spin Neto, Rubens; Alves Mayer, Marcia Pinto; Grenier, Daniel; Spolidorio, Luis Carlos; Spolidorio, Denise Palomari

2012-01-01

Background Although previous studies have shown the presence of Porphyromonas endodontalis in chronic periodontitis associated with periapical lesions, the occurrence of this pathogen in diseased periodontal sites without periapical lesions has been poorly investigated. Objective The aims of this study were to quantify P. endodontalis in patients with chronic periodontitis without periapical lesions, to evaluate the potential correlation of P. endodontalis with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia, and to evaluate the ability of periodontal treatment to reduce these pathogens. Design Patients with generalized chronic periodontitis were selected by recording clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD), and bleeding on probing (BOP). Subgingival samples from 30 diseased nonadjacent sites (CAL≥5 mm, PD between 5 and 7 mm and positive BOP) and 30 healthy nonadjacent sites (PD≤3 mm and negative BOP) were collected and subjected to microbial analysis by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) The variables of age, PD, CAL and BOP of all individuals were analyzed using the paired t-test (GrapPad Prism5®). Data of bacteria quantification were subjected to a normality test (D'Agostino-Pearson Test). For bacterial correlation analysis, the Spearman correlation was used. Results Our results showed that diseased sites had significantly higher levels of P. endodontalis compared to healthy sites, similar to the results obtained for P. gingivalis and T. forsythia. The numbers of all bacterial species were reduced significantly after mechanical periodontal treatment. P. endodontalis was significantly correlated with the presence of T. forsythia and P. gingivalis in the diseased group. Conclusion Our results suggest that there is a high prevalence of P. endodontalis, P. gingivalis and T. forsythia in periodontitis sites and that mechanical periodontal treatment is effective at reducing the pathogens studied. PMID:22232719

Porphyromonas endodontalis in chronic periodontitis: a clinical and microbiological cross-sectional study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Telma Blanca Lombardo Bedran

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Although previous studies have shown the presence of Porphyromonas endodontalis in chronic periodontitis associated with periapical lesions, the occurrence of this pathogen in diseased periodontal sites without periapical lesions has been poorly investigated.The aims of this study were to quantify P. endodontalis in patients with chronic periodontitis without periapical lesions, to evaluate the potential correlation of P. endodontalis with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia, and to evaluate the ability of periodontal treatment to reduce these pathogens.Patients with generalized chronic periodontitis were selected by recording clinical attachment level (CAL, probing depth (PD, and bleeding on probing (BOP. Subgingival samples from 30 diseased nonadjacent sites (CAL ≥ 5 mm, PD between 5 and 7 mm and positive BOP and 30 healthy nonadjacent sites (PD ≤ 3 mm and negative BOP were collected and subjected to microbial analysis by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR The variables of age, PD, CAL and BOP of all individuals were analyzed using the paired t-test (GrapPad Prism5®. Data of bacteria quantification were subjected to a normality test (D'Agostino-Pearson Test. For bacterial correlation analysis, the Spearman correlation was used.Our results showed that diseased sites had significantly higher levels of P. endodontalis compared to healthy sites, similar to the results obtained for P. gingivalis and T. forsythia. The numbers of all bacterial species were reduced significantly after mechanical periodontal treatment. P. endodontalis was significantly correlated with the presence of T. forsythia and P. gingivalis in the diseased group.Our results suggest that there is a high prevalence of P. endodontalis, P. gingivalis and T. forsythia in periodontitis sites and that mechanical periodontal treatment is effective at reducing the pathogens studied.

Interactive SIGHT: textual access to simple bar charts

Science.gov (United States)

Demir, Seniz; Oliver, David; Schwartz, Edward; Elzer, Stephanie; Carberry, Sandra; Mccoy, Kathleen F.; Chester, Daniel

2010-12-01

Information graphics, such as bar charts and line graphs, are an important component of many articles from popular media. The majority of such graphics have an intention (a high-level message) to communicate to the graph viewer. Since the intended message of a graphic is often not repeated in the accompanying text, graphics together with the textual segments contribute to the overall purpose of an article and cannot be ignored. Unfortunately, these visual displays are provided in a format which is not readily accessible to everyone. For example, individuals with sight impairments who use screen readers to listen to documents have limited access to the graphics. This article presents a new accessibility tool, the Interactive SIGHT (Summarizing Information GrapHics Textually) system, that is intended to enable visually impaired users to access the knowledge that one would gain from viewing information graphics found on the web. The current system, which is implemented as a browser extension that works on simple bar charts, can be invoked by a user via a keystroke combination while navigating the web. Once launched, Interactive SIGHT first provides a brief summary that conveys the underlying intention of a bar chart along with the chart's most significant and salient features, and then produces history-aware follow-up responses to provide further information about the chart upon request from the user. We present two user studies that were conducted with sighted and visually impaired users to determine how effective the initial summary and follow-up responses are in conveying the informational content of bar charts, and to evaluate how easy it is to use the system interface. The evaluation results are promising and indicate that the system responses are well-structured and enable visually impaired users to answer key questions about bar charts in an easy-to-use manner. Post-experimental interviews revealed that visually impaired participants were very satisfied with

Dynamic of decapod crustacean larvae on the entrance of Guanabara bay

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lohengrin Dias de Almeida Fernandes

2002-12-01

reprodutivo da espécie. Foi observado um padrão de dispersão similar para as larvas zoé dos portunídeos, grapsídeos e ocypodídeos; transporte para a região costeira adjacente pela superfície durante as marés de vazante noturnas.

Rings Research in the Next Decade

Science.gov (United States)

Burns, J. A.; Tiscareno, M. S.

2009-12-01

-based observations. Members of the Rings White Paper Team include: Matthew S. Tiscareno (Cornell U), Nicole Albers (U of Colorado), Todd Bradley (U of Central Florida), André Brahic (U of Paris, France), Shawn Brooks (JPL), Joseph Burns (Cornell U), Carlos Chavez (UNAM, Mexico), Joshua Colwell (U of Central Florida), Jeff Cuzzi (NASA Ames), Imke de Pater (U of California), Luke Dones (SwRI), Richard Durisen (Indiana U), Michael Evans (Cornell U), Cecile Ferrari (CEA Saclay, France), Gianrico Filacchione (INAF-IASF, Italy), Silvia Giuliatti Winter (UNESP, Brazil), Mitch Gordon (SETI), Amara Graps (SwRI), Eberhard Gruen (MPI, Germany), Douglas Hamilton (U of Maryland), Matthew Hedman (Cornell U), Mihaly Horanyi (U of Colorado), Sascha Kempf (MPI, Germany), Harald Krueger (MPI, Germany), Steve Larson (U of Arizona), Mark Lewis (Trinity U), Jack Lissauer (NASA Ames), Colin Mitchell (CICLOPS/SSI), Carl Murray (QMUL, England), Philip Nicholson (Cornell U), Cathy Olkin (SwRI), Robert Pappalardo (JPL), Frank Postberg (MPI, Germany), Heikki Salo (U of Oulu, Finland), Juergen Schmidt (U of Potsdam, Germany), David Seal (JPL), Mark Showalter (SETI), Frank Spahn (U of Potsdam, Germany), Linda Spilker (JPL), Joseph Spitale (CICLOPS/SSI), Ralf Srama (MPI, Germany), Miodrag Sremcevic (U of Colorado), Glen Stewart (U of Colorado), John Weiss (Carleton College), Padma Yanamandra-Fisher (JPL)