WorldWideScience

Sample records for fs alternative development

  1. Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS) process, elements and techniques guidance

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    1993-12-01

    This manual provides detailed guidance on Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Studies (RI/FSs) conducted pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) at Department of Energy (DOE) facilities. The purpose of the RI/FS, to assess the risk posed by a hazardous waste site and to determine the best way to reduce that risk, and its structure (site characterization, risk assessment, screening and detailed analysis of alternatives, etc.) is defined in the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP) and further explained in the Environmental Protection Agency`s (EPA`s) Guidance for Conducting Remedial Investigations and Feasibility Studies Under CERCLA (Interim Final) 540/G-89/004, OSWER Directive 9355.3-01, October 1988. Though issued in 1988, the EPA guidance remains an excellent source of information on the conduct and structure of an RI/FS. This document makes use of supplemental RI/FS-related guidance that EPA has developed since its initial document was issued in 1988, incorporates practical lessons learned in more than 12 years of experience in CERCLA hazardous site remediation, and drawing on those lessons, introduces the Streamlined Approach For Environmental Restoration (SAFER), developed by DOE as a way to proceed quickly and efficiently through the RI/FS process at DOE facilities. Thus as its title implies, this guidance is intended to describe in detail the process and component elements of an RI/FS, as well as techniques to manage the RI/FS effectively.

  2. The Canonical E2Fs Are Required for Germline Development in Arabidopsis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Xiaozhen Yao

    2018-05-01

    Full Text Available A number of cell fate determinations, including cell division, cell differentiation, and programmed cell death, intensely occur during plant germline development. How these cell fate determinations are regulated remains largely unclear. The transcription factor E2F is a core cell cycle regulator. Here we show that the Arabidopsis canonical E2Fs, including E2Fa, E2Fb, and E2Fc, play a redundant role in plant germline development. The e2fa e2fb e2fc (e2fabc triple mutant is sterile, although its vegetative development appears normal. On the one hand, the e2fabc microspores undergo cell death during pollen mitosis. Microspores start to die at the bicellular stage. By the tricellular stage, the majority of the e2fabc microspores are degenerated. On the other hand, a wild type ovule often has one megaspore mother cell (MMC, whereas the majority of e2fabc ovules have two to three MMCs. The subsequent female gametogenesis of e2fabc mutant is aborted and the vacuole is severely impaired in the embryo sac. Analysis of transmission efficiency showed that the canonical E2Fs from both male and female gametophyte are essential for plant gametogenesis. Our study reveals that the canonical E2Fs are required for plant germline development, especially the pollen mitosis and the archesporial cell (AC-MMC transition.

  3. SeaWiFS

    Data.gov (United States)

    Washington University St Louis — SEAWiFS_US is a high resolution (1km) satellite dataset derived from the eight wavelength SEAWiFS sensor. The dataset also includes the aerosol reflectance over the...

  4. Controlling S2 terminal using FS software

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xue, Zhuhe

    New S2FS software for controlling S2 terminal of Sheshan station has been developed. It works under Field System software. All S2 operation commands are incorporated in a station program. The interface of SWT computer and S2 terminal is RS232 interface. S2FS software is designed by using Shell and C language. It has been used in VSOP experiments.

  5. Developing Benthic Class Specific, Chlorophyll-a Retrieving Algorithms for Optically-Shallow Water Using SeaWiFS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tara Blakey

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available This study evaluated the ability to improve Sea-Viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor (SeaWiFS chl-a retrieval from optically shallow coastal waters by applying algorithms specific to the pixels’ benthic class. The form of the Ocean Color (OC algorithm was assumed for this study. The operational atmospheric correction producing Level 2 SeaWiFS data was retained since the focus of this study was on establishing the benefit from the alternative specification of the bio-optical algorithm. Benthic class was determined through satellite image-based classification methods. Accuracy of the chl-a algorithms evaluated was determined through comparison with coincident in situ measurements of chl-a. The regionally-tuned models that were allowed to vary by benthic class produced more accurate estimates of chl-a than the single, unified regionally-tuned model. Mean absolute percent difference was approximately 70% for the regionally-tuned, benthic class-specific algorithms. Evaluation of the residuals indicated the potential for further improvement to chl-a estimation through finer characterization of benthic environments. Atmospheric correction procedures specialized to coastal environments were recognized as areas for future improvement as these procedures would improve both classification and algorithm tuning.

  6. The Core Flight System (cFS) Community: Providing Low Cost Solutions for Small Spacecraft

    Science.gov (United States)

    McComas, David; Wilmot, Jonathan; Cudmore, Alan

    2016-01-01

    In February 2015 the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) completed the open source release of the entire Core Flight Software (cFS) suite. After the open source release a multi-NASA center Configuration Control Board (CCB) was established that has managed multiple cFS product releases. The cFS was developed and is being maintained in compliance with the NASA Class B software development process requirements and the open source release includes all Class B artifacts. The cFS is currently running on three operational science spacecraft and is being used on multiple spacecraft and instrument development efforts. While the cFS itself is a viable flight software (FSW) solution, we have discovered that the cFS community is a continuous source of innovation and growth that provides products and tools that serve the entire FSW lifecycle and future mission needs. This paper summarizes the current state of the cFS community, the key FSW technologies being pursued, the development/verification tools and opportunities for the small satellite community to become engaged. The cFS is a proven high quality and cost-effective solution for small satellites with constrained budgets.

  7. FS65 Disposition Option Report

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wenz, Tracy R. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

    2015-09-25

    This report outlines the options for dispositioning the MOX fuel stored in FS65 containers at LANL. Additional discussion regarding the support equipment for loading and unloading the FS65 transport containers is included at the end of the report.

  8. Effective management of regulator RI/FS comments

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wolinsky, S.M.; Lojek, D.; George, R.D.; Houser, S.M.; Strimbu, M.J.

    1995-01-01

    This paper describes a successful strategy that facilitates regulatory approval of CERCLA documents required by compliance agreement and CERCLA, based on the experience of Operable Unit 1, Waste Storage Area, of the Fernald Environmental Management Project (FEMP). This strategy, which has become the site standard at the FEMP, was instrumental in obtaining regulator approval of the OU1 RI and FS, and early approval of the Record of Decision during a very tight compliance agreement-driven schedule. This strategy can be applied at any DOE Superfund site, especially where there is need to recover lost schedule, an incentive to meet milestones early, a need to improve the relationship between the DOE and the regulators, or where the regulatory agencies have historically provided a large volume of comments on CERCLA documents. The strategy focuses on early identification and resolution of issues relating to draft RI/FS documents, as raised in regulatory agency review comments. This pro-active strategy has the potential for schedule and cost savings, as well as for improved communication between DOE and the regulators. The strategy includes preparation of a separate comment response document, integration of comment responses with RI/FS documents, development of a database of agency comments and their resolution, and sharing lessons learned with preparers of subsequent RI/FS documents. The paper provides background on the FEMP and describes the FEMP comment response strategy; DOE and regulator interface; the Sitewide Comment Database; networked electronic file management; the process for classifying, analyzing, and responding to comments; integration with base RI/FS documents; and a conclusion

  9. Effective management of regulator RI/FS comments

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wolinsky, S.M.; Lojek, D.; George, R.D.; Houser, S.M.; Strimbu, M.J.

    1995-12-31

    This paper describes a successful strategy that facilitates regulatory approval of CERCLA documents required by compliance agreement and CERCLA, based on the experience of Operable Unit 1, Waste Storage Area, of the Fernald Environmental Management Project (FEMP). This strategy, which has become the site standard at the FEMP, was instrumental in obtaining regulator approval of the OU1 RI and FS, and early approval of the Record of Decision during a very tight compliance agreement-driven schedule. This strategy can be applied at any DOE Superfund site, especially where there is need to recover lost schedule, an incentive to meet milestones early, a need to improve the relationship between the DOE and the regulators, or where the regulatory agencies have historically provided a large volume of comments on CERCLA documents. The strategy focuses on early identification and resolution of issues relating to draft RI/FS documents, as raised in regulatory agency review comments. This pro-active strategy has the potential for schedule and cost savings, as well as for improved communication between DOE and the regulators. The strategy includes preparation of a separate comment response document, integration of comment responses with RI/FS documents, development of a database of agency comments and their resolution, and sharing lessons learned with preparers of subsequent RI/FS documents. The paper provides background on the FEMP and describes the FEMP comment response strategy; DOE and regulator interface; the Sitewide Comment Database; networked electronic file management; the process for classifying, analyzing, and responding to comments; integration with base RI/FS documents; and a conclusion.

  10. An alternative model to distribute VO software to WLCG sites based on CernVM-FS: a prototype at PIC Tier1

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lanciotti, E; Merino, G; Blomer, J; Bria, A

    2011-01-01

    In a distributed computing model as WLCG the software of experiment specific application software has to be efficiently distributed to any site of the Grid. Application software is currently installed in a shared area of the site visible for all Worker Nodes (WNs) of the site through some protocol (NFS, AFS or other). The software is installed at the site by jobs which run on a privileged node of the computing farm where the shared area is mounted in write mode. This model presents several drawbacks which cause a non-negligible rate of job failure. An alternative model for software distribution based on the CERN Virtual Machine File System (CernVM-FS) has been tried at PIC, the Spanish Tierl site of WLCG. The test bed used and the results are presented in this paper.

  11. Nielsen: Aladdin-Suite, FS89. Maskarade-Overture / Robert Layton

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Layton, Robert

    1996-01-01

    Uuest heliplaadist "Nielsen: Aladdin-Suite, FS89. Maskarade-Overture, Prelude, Act 2. The Cockerels' Dance. Rhapsody Overture: An imaginary journey to the Faroe Islands, FS123. Helios Overture, FS32. Saga-Drom, FS46. Pan and Syrinx, FS87. Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra, Neeme Järvi" DG 447 757-2GH (72 minutes: DDD)

  12. Infrared Observations of FS CMa Stars

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sitko, Michael L.; Russell, R. W.; Lynch, D. K.; Grady, C. A.; Hammel, H. B.; Beerman, L. C.; Day, A. N.; Huelsman, D.; Rudy, R. J.; Brafford, S. M.; Halbedel, E. M.

    2009-01-01

    A subset of non-supergiant B[e] stars has recently been recognized as forming a fairly unique class of objects with very strong emission lines, infrared excesses, and locations not associated with star formation. The exact evolutionary state of these stars, named for the prototype FS CMa, is uncertain, and they have often been classified as isolated Herbig AeBe stars. We present infrared observations of two of these stars, HD 45677 (FS CMa), HD 50138 (MWC 158), and the candidate FS CMa star HD 190073 (V1295 Aql) that span over a decade in time. All three exhibit an emission band at 10 microns due to amorphous silicates, confirming that much (if not all) of the infrared excess is due to dust. HD 50138 is found to exhibit 20% variability between 3-13 microns that resembles that found in pre-main sequence systems (HD 163296 and HD 31648). HD 45677, despite large changes at visual wavelengths, has remained relatively stable in the infrared. To date, no significant changes have been observed in HD 190073. This work is supported in part by NASA Origins of Solar Systems grant NAG5-9475, NASA Astrophysics Data Program contract NNH05CD30C, and the Independent Research and Development program at The Aerospace Corporation.

  13. The Three Fs of Classroom Management

    Science.gov (United States)

    Daniels, Mark L.

    2009-01-01

    This article describes a cohesive theory of classroom management, developed by the author. This "three Fs" theory, predicated upon extant empiricism and scholarship vis-a-vis classroom management, was devised and implemented over several semesters within a field-based course at the University of Texas at Austin for preservice mathematics majors…

  14. New ETR 450/ETR 500 electric railcars for the FS

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Messerschmidt, W

    1986-04-01

    Also in Italy research and development projects are of eminent importance in present transport policies. The Italian State Railways (FS) and the industry are intensifying their development programmes especially in respect of high- speed travel, but the planners emphasize that priority must be given not only to propulsion technology but now more than ever to overall styling and design. Whereas the eleven-unit electric railcar ETR 450 now being built clearly shows its common ancestry with the smaller four-unit prototype ETR 401 (with coach-body tilt control), the ETR 500 super-train now taking shape in the design offices of the FS and the industry will have radically new aesthetics that show the influence of the automobile designer. At the FS the view is that there is a need to 'sell' not only technology but also the design creativity that can bring big returns in terms of public favour.

  15. SeaWiFS Third Anniversary Global Biosphere

    Science.gov (United States)

    2002-01-01

    September 18,2000 is the third anniversary of the start of regular SeaWiFS operations of this remarkable planet called Earth. This SeaWiFS image is of the Global Biosphere depicting the ocean's long-term average phytoplankton chlorophyll concentration acquired between September 1997 and August 2000 combined with the SeaWiFS-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) over land during July 2000.

  16. SeaWiFS: North Pacific Storm

    Science.gov (United States)

    2002-01-01

    An extratropical storm can be seen swirling over the North Pacific just south of Alaska. This SeaWiFS image was collected yesterday at 23:20 GMT. Credit: Provided by the SeaWiFS Project, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, and ORBIMAGE

  17. Patterns of serum PCDD/Fs affected by vegetarian regime, consumption of locally produced food, and resident places of residents living near incinerators

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Chen Hsiu-Ling; Lee Chang-Ching; Su Hue-Jen; Liao Pao-Chi [Inst. of Basic Medical Science, Medical Coll., National Cheng Kung Univ., Tainan (Taiwan)

    2004-09-15

    Previous reports have been estimated that more than 90% of serum PCDD/Fs can be accounted for by the consumption of various food groups. Nouwen et al. suggested residents living near incinerators with the elevated dioxin exposure while they ate locally produced food compared to the general population from other areas. PCDD/Fs usually abound in fatty meats and marine foods, and consumption of which is the major pathway of human expose to PCDD/Fs. However, no distinct association was shown between vegetarian regime of human and their corresponding serum PCDD/Fs concentration. In addition, the resident region is associated to their corresponding dietary consumption and ambient exposure of PCDD/Fs, especially for subjects consumed the local foods with special dioxin-like contamination. The current study, therefore, was set to examine how dietary habits, including vegetarian regime and consumption of local food original for residents living near the incinerators are associated to serum PCDD/F concentrations. In addition, the further aim is to assess the influence on the serum PCDD/Fs levels resulting from subjects living in the alternative resident regions, even all of them exposed to PCDD/Fs emission from incinerators.

  18. EST Table: FS920530 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS920530 E_FL_fufe_50K23_F_0 11/12/09 GO hit GO:0047800(cysteamine dioxygenase acti...090992|ref|XP_974899.1| PREDICTED: similar to 2-aminoethanethiol (cysteamine) dioxygenase [Tribolium castaneum] FS920530 fufe ...

  19. EST Table: FS764450 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS764450 E_FL_fcaL_36N15_F_0 10/09/28 42 %/214 aa ref|XP_001945612.1| PREDICTED: similar to glucocerebro...608.1| PREDICTED: similar to putative lysosomal glucocerebrosidase [Tribolium castaneum] FS759318 fcaL ...

  20. SeaWiFS technical report series. Volume 11: Analysis of selected orbit propagation models for the SeaWiFS mission

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patt, Frederick S.; Hoisington, Charles M.; Gregg, Watson W.; Coronado, Patrick L.; Hooker, Stanford B. (Editor); Firestone, Elaine R. (Editor); Indest, A. W. (Editor)

    1993-01-01

    An analysis of orbit propagation models was performed by the Mission Operations element of the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor (SeaWiFS) Project, which has overall responsibility for the instrument scheduling. The orbit propagators selected for this analysis are widely available general perturbations models. The analysis includes both absolute accuracy determination and comparisons of different versions of the models. The results show that all of the models tested meet accuracy requirements for scheduling and data acquisition purposes. For internal Project use the SGP4 propagator, developed by the North American Air Defense (NORAD) Command, has been selected. This model includes atmospheric drag effects and, therefore, provides better accuracy. For High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT) ground stations, which have less stringent accuracy requirements, the publicly available Brouwer-Lyddane models are recommended. The SeaWiFS Project will make available portable source code for a version of this model developed by the Data Capture Facility (DCF).

  1. Evaluation of PCDD/Fs emissions during ceramic production: a laboratory study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lu, Mang; Luo, Yi-Jing; Zhang, Zhong-Zhi; Xiao, Meng; Zhang, Min

    2012-08-30

    Because of the ubiquity of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in kaolinitic clays, the ceramic industry is considered to be a potential source of PCDD/Fs. However, studies on the emission of PCDD/Fs from ceramic production are still very scarce. In this study, PCDD/Fs emissions during ceramic production were investigated in an electric laboratory batch kiln. The results showed that the PCDD/Fs were completely removed from the ceramic pieces after 30 min of firing at the peak temperature of 1200°C. Nevertheless, on the mass and international toxic equivalent basis, 27.5% and 46.2% of the total PCDD/Fs amount in the raw clay were released into the atmosphere during firing, respectively. These PCDD/Fs were emitted into the air before the temperature was elevated to a level high enough for their destruction. Dechlorination reactions generated a broad distribution within the PCDD/Fs congeners including a variety of non-2,3,7,8-substituted ones. The emission of PCDD/Fs was decreased to 16.3 wt.% of the total PCDD/Fs amount in the raw clay, when the initial kiln temperature was enhanced to 600°C. The emission of PCDD/Fs could be reduced significantly in the presence of a glaze coating on the ceramic test piece. These results indicated that ceramic production is an un-neglectable source of PCDD/Fs in the environment. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  2. SeaWiFS calibration and validation plan, volume 3

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hooker, S.B.; Firestone, E.R.; Mcclain, C.R.; Esaias, W.E.; Barnes, W.; Guenther, B.; Endres, D.; Mitchell, B.G.; Barnes, R.

    1992-09-01

    The Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) will be the first ocean-color satellite since the Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS), which ceased operation in 1986. Unlike the CZCS, which was designed as a proof-of-concept experiment, SeaWiFS will provide routine global coverage every 2 days and is designed to provide estimates of photosynthetic concentrations of sufficient accuracy for use in quantitative studies of the ocean's primary productivity and biogeochemistry. A review of the CZCS mission is included that describes that data set's limitations and provides justification for a comprehensive SeaWiFS calibration and validation program. To accomplish the SeaWiFS scientific objectives, the sensor's calibration must be constantly monitored, and robust atmospheric corrections and bio-optical algorithms must be developed. The plan incorporates a multi-faceted approach to sensor calibration using a combination of vicarious (based on in situ observations) and onboard calibration techniques. Because of budget constraints and the limited availability of ship resources, the development of the operational algorithms (atmospheric and bio-optical) will rely heavily on collaborations with the Earth Observing System (EOS), the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) oceans team, and projects sponsored by other agencies, e.g., the U.S. Navy and the National Science Foundation (NSF). Other elements of the plan include the routine quality control of input ancillary data (e.g., surface wind, surface pressure, ozone concentration, etc.) used in the processing and verification of the level-0 (raw) data to level-1 (calibrated radiances), level-2 (derived products), and level-3 (gridded and averaged derived data) products

  3. A Study of an Iterative Channel Estimation Scheme of FS-FBMC System

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    YongJu Won

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available A filter bank multicarrier on offset-quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC/OQAM system is an alternative multicarrier modulation scheme that does not need cyclic prefix (CP even in the presence of a multipath fading channel by the properties of prototype filter. The FBMC/OQAM system can be implemented either by using the poly-phase network with fast fourier transform (PPN-FFT or by using the extended FFT on a frequency-spreading (FS domain. In this paper, we propose an iterative channel estimation scheme for each sub channel of a FBMC/OQAM system over a frequency-spreading domain. The proposed scheme first estimates the channel using the received pilot signal in the subchannel domain and interpolates the estimated channel to fine frequency-spreading domain. Then the channel compensated FS domain pilot is despread again to modify the channel state information (CSI estimation. Computer simulation shows that the proposed method outperforms the conventional FBMC/OQAM channel estimator in a frequency selective channel.

  4. Multi-Robot Remote Interaction with FS-MAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yunliang Jiang

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available The need to reduce bandwidth, improve productivity, autonomy and the scalability in multi-robot teleoperation has been recognized for a long time. In this article we propose a novel finite state machine mobile agent based on the network interaction service model, namely FS-MAS. This model consists of three finite state machines, namely the Finite State Mobile Agent (FS-Agent, which is the basic service module. The Service Content Finite State Machine (Content-FS, using the XML language to define workflow, to describe service content and service computation process. The Mobile Agent computation model Finite State Machine (MACM-FS, used to describe the service implementation. Finally, we apply this service model to the multi-robot system, the initial realization completing complex tasks in the form of multi-robot scheduling. This demonstrates that the robot has greatly improved intelligence, and provides a wide solution space for critical issues such as task division, rational and efficient use of resource and multi-robot collaboration.

  5. Does the magnetic expansion factor (fs) play a role in solar wind acceleration?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wallace, Samantha; Arge, Charles N.; Pihlstrom, Ylva

    2017-08-01

    For the past 25 years, magnetic expansion factor (fs) has been a key parameter used in the calculation of terminal solar wind speed (vsw) in both the Wang-Sheeley-Arge (WSA) model and its predecessor the Wang-Sheeley (WS) model. Since the discovery of an inverse relationship between fs and vsw, the physical role that magnetic expansion factor plays in the acceleration of the solar wind has been explored and debated. In this study, we investigate whether magnetic expansion factor plays a causal role in determining the terminal speed of the solar wind or merely serves as proxy. To do so, we explore how fs, as determined by WSA, relates to vsw for two different scenarios: 1) extended periods where the fast solar wind emerges from the centers of large coronal holes, and 2) periods where the solar wind emerges from pseudostreamers. For these same scenarios, we will also consider an alternative empirical relationship between solar wind speed and the minimum angular distance at the photosphere of a solar wind source to the nearest coronal hole boundary (i.e., DCHB, θb). We then compare these two different prediction techniques directly with heliospheric observations (i.e., ACE, STEREO-A & B, Ulysses) of solar wind speed to determine whether one clearly out performs the other.

  6. EST Table: FS893327 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS893327 E_FL_ftes_11B24_R_0 10/09/28 87 %/134 aa ref|NP_001036831.1| saposin-relat...mology 10/09/10 35 %/119 aa gi|91077504|ref|XP_966852.1| PREDICTED: similar to saposin isoform 1 [Tribolium castaneum] FS895586 ftes ...

  7. EST Table: FS732173 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS732173 E_FL_bmmt_25M21_F_0 10/09/28 70 %/116 aa ref|XP_002425199.1| conserved hyp...0 70 %/116 aa gi|91092740|ref|XP_973214.1| PREDICTED: similar to family with sequence similarity 108, member B1 [Tribolium castaneum] FS796084 bmmt ...

  8. Emission factors and congener-specific characterization of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, PBDD/Fs and PBDEs from an off-road diesel engine using waste cooking oil-based biodiesel blends.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Shui-Jen; Tsai, Jen-Hsiung; Chang-Chien, Guo-Ping; Huang, Kuo-Lin; Wang, Lin-Chi; Lin, Wen-Yinn; Lin, Chih-Chung; Yeh, C Kuei-Jyum

    2017-10-05

    Few studies have been performed up to now on the emission factors and congener profiles of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) emitted from off-road diesel engines. This investigation elucidates the emission factors and congener profiles of various POPs, namely polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polybrominated dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), in the exhausts of a diesel generator fueled with different waste cooking oil-based biodiesel (WCO-based biodiesel) blends. The PCDD/Fs contributed 87.2% of total dioxin-like toxicity (PCDD/Fs+PCBs+PBDD/Fs) in the exhaust, while the PCBs and PBDD/Fs only contributed 8.2% and 4.6%, respectively. Compared with petroleum diesel, B20 (20vol% WCO-based biodiesel+80vol% diesel) reduced total toxicity by 46.5% for PCDD/Fs, 47.1% for PCBs, and 24.5% for PBDD/Fs, while B40 (40vol% WCO-based biodiesel+60vol% diesel) reduced it by 89.5% for PCDD/Fs, 57.1% for PCBs, and 63.2% for PBDD/Fs in POP emission factors. The use of WCO-based biodiesel not only solves the problem of waste oil disposal, but also lowers POP emissions from diesel generators. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  9. Sub-40 fs, 1060-nm Yb-fiber laser enhances penetration depth in nonlinear optical microscopy of human skin

    Science.gov (United States)

    Balu, Mihaela; Saytashev, Ilyas; Hou, Jue; Dantus, Marcos; Tromberg, Bruce J.

    2015-12-01

    Advancing the practical utility of nonlinear optical microscopy requires continued improvement in imaging depth and contrast. We evaluated second-harmonic generation (SHG) and third-harmonic generation images from ex vivo human skin and showed that a sub-40 fs, 1060-nm Yb-fiber laser can enhance SHG penetration depth by up to 80% compared to a >100 fs, 800 nm Ti:sapphire source. These results demonstrate the potential of fiber-based laser systems to address a key performance limitation related to nonlinear optical microscopy (NLOM) technology while providing a low-barrier-to-access alternative to Ti:sapphire sources that could help accelerate the movement of NLOM into clinical practice.

  10. EST Table: FS885453 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS885453 E_FL_ftes_33C19_F_0 10/09/28 97 %/223 aa ref|NP_001036831.1| saposin-relat...a gnl|Amel|GB16561-PA 10/09/10 40 %/239 aa gi|91077504|ref|XP_966852.1| PREDICTED: similar to saposin isoform 1 [Tribolium castaneum] FS791050 ftes ...

  11. EST Table: FS798702 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS798702 E_FL_ffbm_28C11_F_0 10/09/28 89 %/278 aa ref|NP_001036831.1| saposin-relat...a gnl|Amel|GB16561-PA 10/09/10 52 %/117 aa gi|91077504|ref|XP_966852.1| PREDICTED: similar to saposin isoform 1 [Tribolium castaneum] FS791050 ffbm ...

  12. EST Table: FS795138 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS795138 E_FL_ffbm_17H02_F_0 10/09/28 92 %/267 aa ref|NP_001036831.1| saposin-relat...a gnl|Amel|GB16561-PA 10/09/10 55 %/106 aa gi|91077504|ref|XP_966852.1| PREDICTED: similar to saposin isoform 1 [Tribolium castaneum] FS791050 ffbm ...

  13. Single d-metal atoms on F(s) and F(s+) defects of MgO(001): a theoretical study across the periodic table.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Neyman, Konstantin M; Inntam, Chan; Matveev, Alexei V; Nasluzov, Vladimir A; Rösch, Notker

    2005-08-24

    Single d-metal atoms on oxygen defects F(s) and F(s+) of the MgO(001) surface were studied theoretically. We employed an accurate density functional method combined with cluster models, embedded in an elastic polarizable environment, and we applied two gradient-corrected exchange-correlation functionals. In this way, we quantified how 17 metal atoms from groups 6-11 of the periodic table (Cu, Ag, Au; Ni, Pd, Pt; Co, Rh, Ir; Fe, Ru, Os; Mn, Re; and Cr, Mo, W) interact with terrace sites of MgO. We found bonding with F(s) and F(s+) defects to be in general stronger than that with O2- sites, except for Mn-, Re-, and Fe/F(s) complexes. In M/F(s) systems, electron density is accumulated on the metal center in a notable fashion. The binding energy on both kinds of O defects increases from 3d- to 4d- to 5d-atoms of a given group, at variance with the binding energy trend established earlier for the M/O2- complexes, 4d period, group 7 atoms are slightly destabilized compared to their group 6 congeners in both the F(s) and F(s+) complexes; for later transition elements, the binding energy increases gradually up to group 10 and finally decreases again in group 11, most strongly on the F(s) site. This trend is governed by the negative charge on the adsorbed atoms. We discuss implications for an experimental detection of metal atoms on oxide supports based on computed core-level energies.

  14. EST Table: FS875608 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS875608 E_FL_ftes_04F20_F_0 10/09/28 45 %/153 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jump...45 %/151 aa gnl|Amel|GB14856-PA 10/09/10 45 %/153 aa gi|91086783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS906679 ftes ...

  15. EST Table: FS891805 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS891805 E_FL_ftes_04F20_R_0 10/09/28 46 %/153 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jump...46 %/151 aa gnl|Amel|GB14856-PA 10/09/10 46 %/153 aa gi|91086783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS891321 ftes ...

  16. EST Table: FS874950 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS874950 E_FL_ftes_02G24_F_0 10/09/28 45 %/153 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jump...45 %/151 aa gnl|Amel|GB14856-PA 10/09/10 45 %/153 aa gi|91086783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS906679 ftes ...

  17. EST Table: FS862828 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS862828 E_FL_fner_20A08_R_0 10/09/28 46 %/153 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jump...46 %/151 aa gnl|Amel|GB14856-PA 10/09/10 46 %/153 aa gi|91086783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS891321 fner ...

  18. EST Table: FS895588 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS895588 E_FL_ftes_18N10_R_0 10/09/28 46 %/153 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jump...46 %/151 aa gnl|Amel|GB14856-PA 10/09/10 46 %/153 aa gi|91086783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS891321 ftes ...

  19. EST Table: FS844168 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS844168 E_FL_fner_20A08_F_0 10/09/28 45 %/153 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jump...45 %/151 aa gnl|Amel|GB14856-PA 10/09/10 45 %/153 aa gi|91086783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS906679 fner ...

  20. EST Table: FS847583 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS847583 E_FL_fner_29M11_F_0 10/09/28 45 %/153 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jump...45 %/151 aa gnl|Amel|GB14856-PA 10/09/10 45 %/153 aa gi|91086783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS906679 fner ...

  1. EST Table: FS865993 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS865993 E_FL_fner_29M11_R_0 10/09/28 46 %/153 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jump...46 %/151 aa gnl|Amel|GB14856-PA 10/09/10 46 %/153 aa gi|91086783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS891321 fner ...

  2. EST Table: FS880548 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS880548 E_FL_ftes_18N10_F_0 10/09/28 45 %/153 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jump...45 %/151 aa gnl|Amel|GB14856-PA 10/09/10 45 %/153 aa gi|91086783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS906679 ftes ...

  3. EST Table: FS887803 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS887803 E_FL_ftes_40G04_F_0 10/09/28 35 %/122 aa ref|XP_967620.1| PREDICTED: similar to anopheles stephen... %/149 aa gnl|Amel|GB19565-PA 10/09/10 35 %/122 aa gi|91093471|ref|XP_967620.1| PREDICTED: similar to anopheles stephensi ubiquitin, putative [Tribolium castaneum] FS914988 ftes ...

  4. EST Table: FS900811 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS900811 E_FL_ftes_40G04_R_0 10/09/28 35 %/117 aa ref|XP_967620.1| PREDICTED: similar to anopheles stephen... %/144 aa gnl|Amel|GB19565-PA 10/09/10 35 %/117 aa gi|91093471|ref|XP_967620.1| PREDICTED: similar to anopheles stephensi ubiquitin, putative [Tribolium castaneum] FS788262 ftes ...

  5. EST Table: FS915066 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS915066 E_FL_fufe_34C05_F_0 10/09/28 35 %/122 aa ref|XP_967620.1| PREDICTED: similar to anopheles stephen... %/149 aa gnl|Amel|GB19565-PA 10/09/10 35 %/122 aa gi|91093471|ref|XP_967620.1| PREDICTED: similar to anopheles stephensi ubiquitin, putative [Tribolium castaneum] FS914988 fufe ...

  6. Environmental levels of PCDD/Fs and metals around a cement plant in Catalonia, Spain, before and after alternative fuel implementation. Assessment of human health risks

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Rovira, Joaquim [Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia (Spain); Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d' Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia (Spain); Nadal, Martí, E-mail: marti.nadal@urv.cat [Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia (Spain); Schuhmacher, Marta [Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia (Spain); Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d' Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia (Spain); Domingo, José L. [Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia (Spain)

    2014-07-01

    The concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Tl, V, and Zn, and the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans were determined in samples of soil, vegetation, and air, collected in the vicinity of a cement plant (Catalonia, Spain), before (January 2011 and July 2011) and after (January 2012 and June 2013) alternative fuel partial substitution (fossil fuels by sewage sludge). Seven sampling points were selected at different directions and distances to the facility including two background sampling points. The results were used to assess the health risk assessment for the population living near the facility. Only few significant differences were found before and after alternative fuel partial substitution (Mn in soils and Cd in vegetation). Non-carcinogenic risks were below the safety threshold (HQ < 1), while carcinogenic risks were below 10{sup −5}, or exceeding slightly that value, always in the range considered as assumable (10{sup −6}–10{sup −4}). - Highlights: • The environmental impact of a cement plant using alternative fuel was monitored. • No significant differences in most pollutants were noted after the fuel change. • Traffic has a notable influence on the environmental levels of PCDD/Fs and metals. • Human health risks were below safety thresholds regardless of the used fuel.

  7. PBDD/Fs in surface sediments from the East River, China.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ren, M; Peng, P A; Chen, D Y; Chen, P; Zhou, L

    2009-09-01

    The contamination status of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) was preliminarily investigated in surface sediments from the East River. The concentrations of eight 2,3,7,8-substituted tetra- to hexa- PBDD/Fs were found to be in the range of 0.32-110 (mean 13) pg g(-1) and the corresponding TEQ concentrations were 0.087-18 (mean 2) pg I-TEQ g(-1). All sediments were characterized by the dominant PBDFs. 2,3,4,7,8-PeBDF was the most important TEQ contributor, accounting for 47%-77% of the total I-TEQ of PBDD/Fs. PCDD/Fs contributed dominantly to the total TEQs of PCDD/Fs, PBDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in most samples except of the sediment from the Shima River. The higher PBDD/F concentrations in the Shima River may be attributed to the use of BFRs in the electrical and electronics industries, which posed a potential risk of dioxins on ecological system.

  8. EST Table: FS771324 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS771324 E_FL_fcaL_21P07_F_0 10/09/28 46 %/146 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jump...45 %/146 aa gnl|Amel|GB14856-PA 10/09/10 46 %/146 aa gi|91086783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS906679 fcaL ...

  9. EST Table: FS787608 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS787608 E_FL_fcaL_21P07_R_0 10/09/28 46 %/153 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jump...46 %/151 aa gnl|Amel|GB14856-PA 10/09/10 46 %/153 aa gi|91086783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS891321 fcaL ...

  10. EST Table: FS803374 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS803374 E_FL_fmgV_12D12_F_0 10/09/28 45 %/149 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jump...46 %/150 aa gnl|Amel|GB14856-PA 10/09/10 45 %/149 aa gi|91086783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS906679 fmgV ...

  11. EST Table: FS822360 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS822360 E_FL_fmgV_12D12_R_0 10/09/28 46 %/153 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jump...46 %/151 aa gnl|Amel|GB14856-PA 10/09/10 46 %/153 aa gi|91086783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS891321 fmgV ...

  12. EST Table: FS928974 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS928974 E_FL_fwgP_23N08_F_0 10/09/28 45 %/153 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jump...45 %/151 aa gnl|Amel|GB14856-PA 10/09/10 45 %/153 aa gi|91086783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS906679 fwgP ...

  13. EST Table: FS923051 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS923051 E_FL_fwgP_06G17_F_0 10/09/28 45 %/153 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jump...45 %/151 aa gnl|Amel|GB14856-PA 10/09/10 45 %/153 aa gi|91086783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS906679 fwgP ...

  14. EST Table: FS920143 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS920143 E_FL_fufe_49H24_F_0 11/12/09 GO hit GO:0005874(microtubule)|GO:0007021(tub...:AGAP002130 10/09/10 59 %/109 aa gnl|Amel|GB17804-PA 10/09/10 60 %/109 aa gi|91091982|ref|XP_969241.1| PREDICTED: similar to AGAP002130-PA [Tribolium castaneum] FS920143 fufe ...

  15. EST Table: FS934225 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS934225 E_FL_fwgP_39G18_F_0 10/09/28 34 %/122 aa ref|XP_967620.1| PREDICTED: similar to anopheles stephen... %/149 aa gnl|Amel|GB19565-PA 10/09/10 34 %/122 aa gi|91093471|ref|XP_967620.1| PREDICTED: similar to anopheles stephensi ubiquitin, putative [Tribolium castaneum] FS914988 fwgP ...

  16. EST Table: FS809383 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS809383 E_FL_fmgV_28P15_F_0 10/09/28 91 %/173 aa ref|NP_001036831.1| saposin-relat...29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 39 %/158 aa gi|91077504|ref|XP_966852.1| PREDICTED: similar to saposin isoform 1 [Tribolium castaneum] FS791050 fmgV ...

  17. EST Table: FS828361 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS828361 E_FL_fmgV_28P15_R_0 10/09/28 92 %/173 aa ref|NP_001036831.1| saposin-relat...29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 39 %/158 aa gi|91077504|ref|XP_966852.1| PREDICTED: similar to saposin isoform 1 [Tribolium castaneum] FS895586 fmgV ...

  18. fs - kes ta on ja kust ta tuleb : [luuletused] / [Mesikepp, Indrek] fs

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    fs, pseud., 1971-

    2004-01-01

    Sisu: fs - kes ta on ja kust ta tuleb ; "töötasin arhiivis..." ; mustad puud mustas vees ; "on päev. on kylm. on öö..." ; "tead ju kyll..." ; "päiksest paistes päevad..." ; "mida sa teed kui on öö..."

  19. Calibration of SeaWiFS after two years on orbit

    Science.gov (United States)

    Barnes, Robert A.; McClain, Charles R.

    1999-12-01

    The Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) was launched on 1 August 1997, and the first Earth images were taken on 4 September 1997. Regular, daily measurements of the sun, via the onboard diffuser, started on 9 September 1997 and regular, monthly measurements of the moon on November 14, 1997. These lunar measurements, as first reported at EUROPTO'98, provide a highly sensitive method for determining the change in the radiometric sensitivity of SeaWiFS. The prelaunch radiometric calibration used by SeaWiFS was performed in the Spring of 1997 at the spacecraft manufacturer's facility. The calibration measurements were made by a team from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the SeaWiFS Project. The uncertainties in this calibration range from 2% to 3% for the eight SeaWiFS bands. In addition, a set of outdoor measurements of the sun were made at the instrument manufacturer's facility in November 1993, just before the delivery of SeaWiFS to the spacecraft manufacturer. These solar measurements, using the instrument's diffuser, were combined with a separate set of solar radiometer measurements to determine the transmittance of the atmosphere. At the start of on-orbit measurements by SeaWiFS, solar measurements were made again by the instrument. These two sets of measurements make up the transfer-to-orbit experiment. From the ground measurements, the outputs of the SeaWiFS bands on orbit were predicted. For each band, the output from the initial on-orbit measurements agree with the predicted values by 21/2% or less. The uncertainties for the transfer-to-orbit experiment are estimated to be approximately 3% to 4%. From 14 November 1997 to 29 June 1999, SeaWiFS has made 20 measurements of the moon. The analysis of lunar measurements presented here has minor modifications to that presented at EUROPTO'98. The trend lines from the current analysis have been extrapolated back from 14 November 1997 to 4 September 1997 to describe the changes

  20. EST Table: FS730803 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS730803 E_FL_bmmt_19O18_F_0 10/09/28 54 %/206 aa ref|XP_001659582.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli...) [Aedes aegypti] gb|EAT39285.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Aedes aegypti... aa gi|189233738|ref|XP_971576.2| PREDICTED: similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS768084 bmmt ...

  1. EST Table: FS918214 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS918214 E_FL_fufe_43K22_F_0 10/09/28 53 %/199 aa ref|XP_001659582.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli...) [Aedes aegypti] gb|EAT39285.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Aedes aegypti... aa gi|189233738|ref|XP_971576.2| PREDICTED: similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS768084 fufe ...

  2. EST Table: FS932533 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS932533 E_FL_fwgP_34I10_F_0 10/09/28 96 %/124 aa ref|NP_001129358.1| osiris 21 [Bo...mbyx mori] gb|ACI23616.1| osiris 21 [Bombyx mori] 10/09/13 n.h 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h FS930345 fwgP ...

  3. EST Table: FS930675 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS930675 E_FL_fwgP_28O10_F_0 10/09/28 40 %/120 aa ref|NP_001129360.1| osiris 9 [Bom...byx mori] gb|ACI23620.1| osiris 9 [Bombyx mori] 10/09/13 n.h 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h FS935058 fwgP ...

  4. EST Table: FS935181 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS935181 E_FL_fwgP_42D15_F_0 10/09/28 40 %/118 aa ref|NP_001129360.1| osiris 9 [Bom...byx mori] gb|ACI23620.1| osiris 9 [Bombyx mori] 10/09/13 n.h 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h FS935058 fwgP ...

  5. EST Table: FS930504 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS930504 E_FL_fwgP_28G04_F_0 10/09/28 40 %/120 aa ref|NP_001129360.1| osiris 9 [Bom...byx mori] gb|ACI23620.1| osiris 9 [Bombyx mori] 10/09/13 n.h 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h FS935058 fwgP ...

  6. EST Table: FS938424 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS938424 E_FL_fwgP_51P06_F_0 10/09/28 39 %/128 aa ref|NP_001129360.1| osiris 9 [Bom...byx mori] gb|ACI23620.1| osiris 9 [Bombyx mori] 10/09/13 n.h 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h FS935058 fwgP ...

  7. EST Table: FS924814 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS924814 E_FL_fwgP_11K20_F_0 10/09/28 39 %/114 aa ref|NP_001129360.1| osiris 9 [Bom...byx mori] gb|ACI23620.1| osiris 9 [Bombyx mori] 10/09/13 n.h 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h FS935058 fwgP ...

  8. EST Table: FS934649 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS934649 E_FL_fwgP_40K10_F_0 10/09/28 31 %/210 aa ref|NP_001129360.1| osiris 9 [Bom...byx mori] gb|ACI23620.1| osiris 9 [Bombyx mori] 10/09/13 n.h 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h FS923180 fwgP ...

  9. EST Table: FS938378 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS938378 E_FL_fwgP_51N02_F_0 10/09/28 40 %/120 aa ref|NP_001129360.1| osiris 9 [Bom...byx mori] gb|ACI23620.1| osiris 9 [Bombyx mori] 10/09/13 n.h 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h FS935058 fwgP ...

  10. EST Table: FS933330 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS933330 E_FL_fwgP_36M07_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/103 aa ref|NP_001129360.1| osiris 9 [Bo...mbyx mori] gb|ACI23620.1| osiris 9 [Bombyx mori] 10/09/13 n.h 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h FS930560 fwgP ...

  11. EST Table: FS737308 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS737308 E_FL_bmmt_08H07_R_0 11/12/09 GO hit GO:0003678(DNA helicase activity)|GO:0...455:8982171:1|gene:AGAP010720 10/09/10 70 %/220 aa gnl|Amel|GB17337-PA 10/09/10 71 %/212 aa gi|189235245|ref...|XP_970366.2| PREDICTED: similar to pom1 [Tribolium castaneum] FS737308 bmmt ...

  12. EST Table: FS915156 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS915156 E_FL_fufe_34G19_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  13. EST Table: FS906636 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS906636 E_FL_fufe_08M11_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  14. EST Table: FS917709 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS917709 E_FL_fufe_42C09_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  15. EST Table: FS908946 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS908946 E_FL_fufe_15L23_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  16. EST Table: FS914517 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS914517 E_FL_fufe_32I12_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  17. EST Table: FS911186 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS911186 E_FL_fufe_22H12_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  18. EST Table: FS917981 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS917981 E_FL_fufe_42P12_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  19. EST Table: FS912711 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS912711 E_FL_fufe_27A14_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  20. EST Table: FS916402 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS916402 E_FL_fufe_38D15_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  1. EST Table: FS919976 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS919976 E_FL_fufe_48P22_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/13 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  2. EST Table: FS911993 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS911993 E_FL_fufe_24O22_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  3. EST Table: FS912253 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS912253 E_FL_fufe_25L04_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  4. EST Table: FS917956 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS917956 E_FL_fufe_42O09_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  5. EST Table: FS917447 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS917447 E_FL_fufe_41G05_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  6. EST Table: FS914674 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS914674 E_FL_fufe_32P17_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  7. EST Table: FS917785 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS917785 E_FL_fufe_42F24_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  8. EST Table: FS904384 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS904384 E_FL_fufe_01N19_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/164 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  9. EST Table: FS904587 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS904587 E_FL_fufe_02H08_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  10. EST Table: FS919260 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS919260 E_FL_fufe_46M19_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/13 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  11. EST Table: FS908267 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS908267 E_FL_fufe_13L04_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  12. EST Table: FS912841 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS912841 E_FL_fufe_27H01_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  13. EST Table: FS905814 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS905814 E_FL_fufe_06D23_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  14. EST Table: FS912585 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS912585 E_FL_fufe_26K20_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  15. EST Table: FS919646 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS919646 E_FL_fufe_47P17_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/13 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  16. EST Table: FS908281 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS908281 E_FL_fufe_13L21_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  17. EST Table: FS906986 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS906986 E_FL_fufe_09N12_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/191 aa ref|NP_001098700.1| nanos-M [Bom...byx mori] dbj|BAF73619.1| nanos-M [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h FS918893 fufe ...

  18. Assessment of different topographic corrections in AWiFS satellite ...

    Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

    Snow and Avalanche Study Establishment, Defence Research and Development Organisation,. Chandigarh 160 ... IRS P6 satellite images and the qualitative and quantitative comparative analysis in detail. Both .... Top: AWiFS satellite image of Western Himalaya and bottom: zoom image of the study area shown with white.

  19. EST Table: FS926804 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS926804 E_FL_fwgP_17H18_F_0 10/09/28 58 %/249 aa ref|XP_001659582.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli...) [Aedes aegypti] gb|EAT39285.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Aedes aegypti... aa gi|189233738|ref|XP_971576.2| PREDICTED: similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS768084 fwgP ...

  20. EST Table: FS800709 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS800709 E_FL_fmgV_04M06_F_0 10/09/28 57 %/262 aa ref|XP_001659582.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli...) [Aedes aegypti] gb|EAT39285.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Aedes aegypti... aa gi|189233738|ref|XP_971576.2| PREDICTED: similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS768084 fmgV ...

  1. EST Table: FS807612 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS807612 E_FL_fmgV_24A09_F_0 10/09/28 57 %/266 aa ref|XP_001659582.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli...) [Aedes aegypti] gb|EAT39285.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Aedes aegypti... aa gi|189233738|ref|XP_971576.2| PREDICTED: similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS768084 fmgV ...

  2. EST Table: FS806480 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS806480 E_FL_fmgV_20N06_F_0 10/09/28 57 %/259 aa ref|XP_001659582.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli...) [Aedes aegypti] gb|EAT39285.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Aedes aegypti... aa gi|189233738|ref|XP_971576.2| PREDICTED: similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS768084 fmgV ...

  3. EST Table: FS804646 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS804646 E_FL_fmgV_15M02_F_0 10/09/28 54 %/215 aa ref|XP_001659582.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli...) [Aedes aegypti] gb|EAT39285.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Aedes aegypti... aa gi|189233738|ref|XP_971576.2| PREDICTED: similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS768084 fmgV ...

  4. EST Table: FS804486 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS804486 E_FL_fmgV_15E24_F_0 10/09/28 53 %/199 aa ref|XP_001659582.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli...) [Aedes aegypti] gb|EAT39285.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Aedes aegypti... aa gi|189233738|ref|XP_971576.2| PREDICTED: similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS768084 fmgV ...

  5. EST Table: FS933547 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS933547 E_FL_fwgP_37G10_F_0 10/09/28 56 %/205 aa ref|XP_001659582.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli...) [Aedes aegypti] gb|EAT39285.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Aedes aegypti... aa gi|189233738|ref|XP_971576.2| PREDICTED: similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS768084 fwgP ...

  6. EST Table: FS921913 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS921913 E_FL_fwgP_03B17_F_0 10/09/28 54 %/215 aa ref|XP_001659582.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli...) [Aedes aegypti] gb|EAT39285.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Aedes aegypti... aa gi|189233738|ref|XP_971576.2| PREDICTED: similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS768084 fwgP ...

  7. EST Table: FS810510 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS810510 E_FL_fmgV_32C08_F_0 10/09/28 57 %/259 aa ref|XP_001659582.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli...) [Aedes aegypti] gb|EAT39285.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Aedes aegypti... aa gi|189233738|ref|XP_971576.2| PREDICTED: similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS768084 fmgV ...

  8. EST Table: FS937969 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS937969 E_FL_fwgP_50K04_F_0 10/09/28 56 %/264 aa ref|XP_001659582.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli...) [Aedes aegypti] gb|EAT39285.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Aedes aegypti... aa gi|189233738|ref|XP_971576.2| PREDICTED: similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS768084 fwgP ...

  9. EST Table: FS822271 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS822271 E_FL_fmgV_11P16_R_0 11/12/09 n.h 10/09/28 75 %/112 aa ref|XP_001656149.1| fetal alzheimer... antigen, falz [Aedes aegypti] gb|EAT35210.1| fetal alzheimer antigen, falz [Aedes aegypti] 1...8 %/115 aa gi|189240808|ref|XP_001811424.1| PREDICTED: similar to fetal alzheimer antigen, falz [Tribolium castaneum] FS822271 fmgV ...

  10. EST Table: FS737373 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS737373 E_FL_bmmt_08K06_R_0 10/09/28 37 %/161 aa ref|XP_002067709.1| GK12566 [Dros...ophila willistoni] gb|EDW78695.1| GK12566 [Drosophila willistoni] 10/09/03 37 %/161 aa FBpp0241709|DwilGK12566-PA 10/08/28 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h FS737272 bmmt ...

  11. InterProScan Result: FS933294 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS933294 FS933294_3_ORF2 4539D97811267FB7 PFAM PF04695 Pex14_N NA ? IPR006785 unintegrated Cellular... Component: peroxisome (GO:0005777)|Cellular Component: membrane (GO:0016020) ...

  12. EST Table: FS773973 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS773973 E_FL_fcaL_03D22_R_0 11/12/09 GO hit GO:0004872(receptor activity)|GO:00054...n#status:Confirmed#UniProt:Q27874#protein_id:CAA84 677.1 10/09/10 30 %/244 aa AGAP000815-PA Protein|X:149373...2 aa gi|189241337|ref|XP_969214.2| PREDICTED: similar to integrin beta subunit (AGAP000815-PA) [Tribolium castaneum] FS773973 fcaL ...

  13. InterProScan Result: FS775902 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS775902 FS775902_6_ORF1 74300360D38F371E PFAM PF05208 ALG3 NA ? IPR007873 unintegrated Cellular... Component: endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)|Cellular Component: integral to membrane (GO:0016021) ...

  14. InterProScan Result: FS835133 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS835133 FS835133_5_ORF2 844B4637600527DB PIR PIRSF017267 Sulfiredoxin 8.2e-48 T IPR016692 Sulfire...doxin Molecular Function: sulfiredoxin activity (GO:0032542)|Biological Process: oxidation reduction (GO:0055114) ...

  15. InterProScan Result: FS763011 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS763011 FS763011_3_ORF1 ADA83816196D1572 PANTHER PTHR21229 LUNG SEVEN TRANSMEMBRAN...E RECEPTOR 1.2e-07 T IPR009637 Transmembrane receptor, eukaryota Cellular Component: integral to membrane (GO:0016021) ...

  16. Fundus oculi pigmentation studies simulating the fs-LASIK process Fundus oculi pigmentation studies simulating the fs-LASIK process

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sander, M.; Minet, O.; Zabarylo, U.; Müller, M.; Tetz, M. R.

    2012-06-01

    The femtosecond-laser in situ keratomileusis (fs-LASIK) technique has successfully entered the refractive surgery market to correct ametropia by cutting transparent corneal tissue with ultra-short laser pulses based on photodisruption. The laser pulses in the near infrared range (NIR) generate a laser-induced breakdown (LIOB) in the cornea. By propagating through the eye, a certain amount of the pulse is deposited in the cornea and the remaining energy interacts with the strong absorbing tissue behind. Due to the absorption by the retinal pigment epithelium and the transfer of the thermal energy to surrounding tissue, the transmitted energy can induce damage to the retina. The aim of this project was to find out the threshold influences concerning the tissue and the correlation between the results of the macroscopical appraisal and the fundus oculi pigmentation by simulating the fs-LASIK procedure with two various laser systems in the continuous wave (CW) and fs-regime. Therefore ex-vivo determinations were carried out macroscopically and histopathologically on porcine tissue.

  17. InterProScan Result: FS765894 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS765894 FS765894_3_ORF2 2218C53708677A45 PANTHER PTHR21229 LUNG SEVEN TRANSMEMBRAN...E RECEPTOR 7.9e-11 T IPR009637 Transmembrane receptor, eukaryota Cellular Component: integral to membrane (GO:0016021) ...

  18. InterProScan Result: FS932451 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS932451 FS932451_2_ORF2 773A43AAFA4CCB66 PANTHER PTHR10082:SF12 INTEGRIN BETA-3 NA...0)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  19. InterProScan Result: FS891448 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS891448 FS891448_6_ORF1 45634B4CEFE7200E PROSITE PS00243 INTEGRIN_BETA NA T IPR015812 Integri...0)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  20. InterProScan Result: FS773973 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS773973 FS773973_5_ORF1 95C70FFD3346651F PROSITE PS00243 INTEGRIN_BETA NA T IPR015812 Integri...0)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  1. InterProScan Result: FS773973 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS773973 FS773973_5_ORF1 95C70FFD3346651F PANTHER PTHR10082:SF12 INTEGRIN BETA-3 9e...7160)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  2. InterProScan Result: FS891448 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS891448 FS891448_6_ORF1 45634B4CEFE7200E PANTHER PTHR10082 INTEGRIN BETA SUBUNIT 8...-matrix adhesion (GO:0007160)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  3. InterProScan Result: FS874648 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS874648 FS874648_2_ORF1 2CED241FB157BFCC PRINTS PR00309 ARRESTIN 7.8e-13 T IPR000698 Arrestin Biological... Process: signal transduction (GO:0007165)|Biological Process: sensory perception (GO:0007600) ...

  4. InterProScan Result: FS874648 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS874648 FS874648_2_ORF1 2CED241FB157BFCC PANTHER PTHR11792 ARRESTIN 1.9e-55 T IPR000698 Arrestin Biological... Process: signal transduction (GO:0007165)|Biological Process: sensory perception (GO:0007600) ...

  5. InterProScan Result: FS774270 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS774270 FS774270_5_ORF1 FB109746C115A036 PFAM PF04114 Gaa1 NA ? IPR007246 unintegrated Cellular... Component: integral to membrane (GO:0016021)|Cellular Component: GPI-anchor transamidase complex (GO:0042765) ...

  6. InterProScan Result: FS931761 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS931761 FS931761_2_ORF2 31D2C24B9731CAEC PFAM PF05753 TRAP_beta NA ? IPR008856 unintegrated Cellular... Component: endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)|Cellular Component: integral to membrane (GO:0016021) ...

  7. InterProScan Result: FS885591 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS885591 FS885591_3_ORF2 718F710ADBEB9510 SUPERFAMILY SSF51621 Phosphoenolpyruvate/pyruva...te domain 1.3e-13 T IPR015813 Pyruvate/Phosphoenolpyruvate kinase, catalytic core Molecular Function: catalytic activity (GO:0003824) ...

  8. InterProScan Result: FS880233 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS880233 FS880233_1_ORF2 88C10776BC024404 SUPERFAMILY SSF51621 Phosphoenolpyruvate/pyruva...te domain 1.9e-07 T IPR015813 Pyruvate/Phosphoenolpyruvate kinase, catalytic core Molecular Function: catalytic activity (GO:0003824) ...

  9. The Efficacy of the Quorum Sensing Inhibitor FS8 and Tigecycline in Preventing Prosthesis Biofilm in an Animal Model of Staphylococcal Infection

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrea Giacometti

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available We investigated the efficacy of tigecycline and FS8, alone or combined, in preventing prosthesis biofilm in a rat model of staphylococcal vascular graft infection. Graft infections were established in the back subcutaneous tissue of adult male Wistar rats by implantation of Dacron prostheses followed by topical inoculation with 2 x 107 colony-forming units of Staphylococcus aureus, strain Smith diffuse. The study included a control group, a contaminated group that did not receive any antibiotic prophylaxis, and three contaminated groups that received: (i intraperitoneal tigecycline, (ii FS8-soaked graft, and (iii tigecycline plus FS8-soaked graft, respectively. Each group included 15 animals. The infection burden was evaluated by using sonication and quantitative agar culture. Moreover, an in vitro binding-study was performed to quantify the how much FS8 was coated to the surface of the prosthesis. Tigecycline, combined with FS8, against the adherent bacteria showed MICs (2.00 mg/L and MBCs (4.00 mg/L four-fold lower with respect to tigecycline alone in in vitro studies. The rat groups treated with tigecycline showed the lowest bacterial numbers (4.4 x 104 ± 1.2 x 104 CFU/mL. The FS8-treated group showed a good activity and significant differences compared to control group with bacterial numbers of 6.8 x 104 ± 2.0 x 104 CFU/mL. A stronger inhibition of bacterial growth was observed in rats treated with a combined FS8 and tigecycline therapy than in those that were singly treated with bacterial numbers of 101 CFU/mL graft. In conclusion, the ability to affect biofilm formation as well, its property to be an antibiotic enhancer suggests FS8 as alternative or additional agent to use in conjunction with conventional antimicrobial for prevention of staphylococcal biofilm related infection.

  10. APPLICABILITY OF FS-ALL-METAL SELF-LOCK NUTS FOR RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK OF 1520 MM GAUGE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    R. Кreis

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available Purpose. One of key requirements for rolling stock of next generation is essential increase of warranty period or running between maintenance depots and in periods between programming repair works. This will lead to a reduction of costs to maintenance and repair during service life of rolling stock. In this regard, the industry aspires to use (during construction, repairs, modernization of rolling stock a modern screw joints in structures for fixing parts. These screw joints could provide a high reliability under the action of vibration load. FS-hexagon all-metal self-lock nuts of multiple use, Flaig + Hommel GmbH company meets these requirements. Therefore, there is the need to consider the results of tests to confirm the reliability of FS-nuts in the new environment. Methodology. Test complex of developed programs and methods was carried out on railway rolling stock for functional demonstration of screw joints with FS-nuts. These tests include: 1 proof test and locking moment test as specified in ISO 2320 under normal climatic conditions and after low temperatures impact; 2 running test for rolling stock, secured the most load condition and according to supervised operation of next generation cars on the railway. Findings. Results of the tests testify that FS-all-metal self-lock nuts meet the requirements of international standards and confirm the reliability of the next generation rolling stock during its operation on the railway of 1520 mm gauge. Namely, locking moment and tightening torque is maintained in screw joints both on spring-suspended and unspring parts of freight car bogies by the action of vibration load under multiple use of FS-nuts. Originality. The developed software and methods was improved by conducting additional tests after exposure of screw joints with FS-nuts to low temperatures, as well as by control operations for assessing the condition of screw joints with FS-nuts, in the conditions of controlled operation of rolling

  11. InterProScan Result: FS848106 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS848106 FS848106_3_ORF3 48EA3AE107CE2860 PIR PIRSF017267 Sulfiredoxin 3.9e-13 T IPR016692 Sulfire...doxin Molecular Function: sulfiredoxin activity (GO:0032542)|Biological Process: oxidation reduction (GO:0055114) ...

  12. InterProScan Result: FS755117 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS755117 FS755117_5_ORF1 848EA0528A797D85 PANTHER PTHR21347 CLEFT LIP AND PALATE ASSOCIATED TRANSME...MBRANE PROTEIN-RELATED 2.9e-76 T IPR008429 Cleft lip and palate transmembrane 1 ...

  13. InterProScan Result: FS742531 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS742531 FS742531_5_ORF1 83DE48A0149BB5E1 PANTHER PTHR23154 LEUCINE-RICH TRANSMEMBR...ANE PROTEINS 1.7e-16 T IPR000157 unintegrated Molecular Function: transmembrane receptor activity (GO:000488

  14. InterProScan Result: FS920349 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS920349 FS920349_1_ORF2 460BA22BB7066E3D PANTHER PTHR21347 CLEFT LIP AND PALATE ASSOCIATED TRANSME...MBRANE PROTEIN-RELATED 6e-44 T IPR008429 Cleft lip and palate transmembrane 1 ...

  15. InterProScan Result: FS932793 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS932793 FS932793_2_ORF2 6EA452AE762D110F PANTHER PTHR12479:SF4 LYSOSOMAL-ASSOCIATED TRANSME...MBRANE PROTEIN 4.4e-71 T IPR018400 Lysosomal-associated transmembrane protein, CG14767-PB ...

  16. InterProScan Result: FS756793 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS756793 FS756793_1_ORF2 CD4194218B70284D PRINTS PR01186 INTEGRINB 5.5e-17 T IPR015812 Integri...0)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  17. InterProScan Result: FS773973 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS773973 FS773973_5_ORF1 95C70FFD3346651F PRINTS PR01186 INTEGRINB 1.6e-17 T IPR015812 Integri...0)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  18. InterProScan Result: FS885315 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS885315 FS885315_1_ORF2 BB16E7B6C4656671 PANTHER PTHR10082 INTEGRIN BETA SUBUNIT 6...-matrix adhesion (GO:0007160)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  19. InterProScan Result: FS860732 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS860732 FS860732_6_ORF1 0375CFA2D74CE0C2 PANTHER PTHR10082:SF12 INTEGRIN BETA-3 3....007160)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  20. InterProScan Result: FS911973 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS911973 FS911973_1_ORF2 2E2F43F4558B5288 PANTHER PTHR11792 ARRESTIN 2.6e-53 T IPR000698 Arrestin Biological... Process: signal transduction (GO:0007165)|Biological Process: sensory perception (GO:0007600) ...

  1. InterProScan Result: FS911973 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS911973 FS911973_2_ORF3 FBDFC7C1F8C27366 PANTHER PTHR11792 ARRESTIN 6.3e-12 T IPR000698 Arrestin Biological... Process: signal transduction (GO:0007165)|Biological Process: sensory perception (GO:0007600) ...

  2. InterProScan Result: FS911973 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS911973 FS911973_1_ORF2 2E2F43F4558B5288 PRINTS PR00309 ARRESTIN 4.7e-22 T IPR000698 Arrestin Biological... Process: signal transduction (GO:0007165)|Biological Process: sensory perception (GO:0007600) ...

  3. InterProScan Result: FS726027 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS726027 FS726027_2_ORF2 C7058CD552BC398B PFAM PF01545 Cation_efflux NA ? IPR002524 unintegrated Biological...nsporter activity (GO:0008324)|Cellular Component: membrane (GO:0016020)|Biological Process: transmembrane transport (GO:0055085) ...

  4. InterProScan Result: FS917145 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS917145 FS917145_2_ORF2 DB1A671B79D1A25B PFAM PF05208 ALG3 NA ? IPR007873 unintegrated Cellular... Component: endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)|Cellular Component: integral to membrane (GO:0016021) ...

  5. InterProScan Result: FS919781 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS919781 FS919781_2_ORF2 11D6928E8BA64F8F SUPERFAMILY SSF55194 Ribosome recycling f...actor, RRF 5.5e-35 T IPR002661 Ribosome recycling factor Biological Process: translation (GO:0006412) ...

  6. InterProScan Result: FS895314 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS895314 FS895314_5_ORF1 97DB8176F1361E8C SUPERFAMILY SSF51621 Phosphoenolpyruvate/pyruva...te domain 1e-21 T IPR015813 Pyruvate/Phosphoenolpyruvate kinase, catalytic core Molecular Function: catalytic activity (GO:0003824) ...

  7. InterProScan Result: FS907382 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS907382 FS907382_1_ORF2 1C0441A9D0DDEE80 SUPERFAMILY SSF47798 Barrier-to-autointegration... factor, BAF 1.3e-44 T IPR004122 Barrier- to-autointegration factor, BAF Molecular Function: DNA binding (GO:0003677) ...

  8. InterProScan Result: FS856416 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS856416 FS856416_5_ORF1 8BC932287F58E2D2 PANTHER PTHR21229 LUNG SEVEN TRANSMEMBRAN...E RECEPTOR 3.7e-48 T IPR009637 Transmembrane receptor, eukaryota Cellular Component: integral to membrane (GO:0016021) ...

  9. InterProScan Result: FS766396 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS766396 FS766396_2_ORF2 2EA98AF8E0AD3165 PANTHER PTHR21347 CLEFT LIP AND PALATE ASSOCIATED TRANSME...MBRANE PROTEIN-RELATED 6.4e-05 T IPR008429 Cleft lip and palate transmembrane 1 ...

  10. InterProScan Result: FS859736 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS859736 FS859736_6_ORF2 45B8287CF5DB2D42 PANTHER PTHR21347 CLEFT LIP AND PALATE ASSOCIATED TRANSME...MBRANE PROTEIN-RELATED 1.1e-92 T IPR008429 Cleft lip and palate transmembrane 1 ...

  11. InterProScan Result: FS875135 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS875135 FS875135_2_ORF1 D56AE7CE71BA567E PANTHER PTHR10082 INTEGRIN BETA SUBUNIT 8...-matrix adhesion (GO:0007160)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  12. InterProScan Result: FS875135 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS875135 FS875135_2_ORF1 D56AE7CE71BA567E PROSITE PS00243 INTEGRIN_BETA NA T IPR015812 Integri...0)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  13. InterProScan Result: FS888414 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS888414 FS888414_1_ORF2 7BD3608BC4DF6C01 PANTHER PTHR10082 INTEGRIN BETA SUBUNIT 2...-matrix adhesion (GO:0007160)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  14. InterProScan Result: FS860732 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS860732 FS860732_6_ORF1 0375CFA2D74CE0C2 PANTHER PTHR10082 INTEGRIN BETA SUBUNIT 3...-matrix adhesion (GO:0007160)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  15. InterProScan Result: FS860732 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS860732 FS860732_6_ORF1 0375CFA2D74CE0C2 PROSITE PS00243 INTEGRIN_BETA NA T IPR015812 Integri...0)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  16. InterProScan Result: FS758275 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS758275 FS758275_1_ORF2 2EC8961369A7A64F PANTHER PTHR11064:SF10 DNA POLYMERASE EPSILON P17 SUBUNIT (DNA POL...YMERASE EPSILON SUBUNIT 3) NA ? IPR009072 unintegrated Molecular Function: DNA binding (GO:0003677) ...

  17. InterProScan Result: FS827626 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS827626 FS827626_6_ORF2 2EC8961369A7A64F PANTHER PTHR11064:SF10 DNA POLYMERASE EPSILON P17 SUBUNIT (DNA POL...YMERASE EPSILON SUBUNIT 3) NA ? IPR009072 unintegrated Molecular Function: DNA binding (GO:0003677) ...

  18. InterProScan Result: FS787904 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS787904 FS787904_5_ORF1 F46B8A7F4DCFA20B SUPERFAMILY SSF55194 Ribosome recycling f...actor, RRF 4.1e-24 T IPR002661 Ribosome recycling factor Biological Process: translation (GO:0006412) ...

  19. InterProScan Result: FS869255 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS869255 FS869255_4_ORF1 7290E0DA14F8EDE2 SUPERFAMILY SSF51621 Phosphoenolpyruvate/pyruva...te domain 1.1e-55 T IPR015813 Pyruvate/Phosphoenolpyruvate kinase, catalytic core Molecular Function: catalytic activity (GO:0003824) ...

  20. InterProScan Result: FS735919 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS735919 FS735919_4_ORF2 1C0441A9D0DDEE80 SUPERFAMILY SSF47798 Barrier-to-autointegration... factor, BAF 1.3e-44 T IPR004122 Barrier- to-autointegration factor, BAF Molecular Function: DNA binding (GO:0003677) ...

  1. Expression of chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 in folliculostellate (FS) cells of the rat anterior pituitary gland: the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis induces interconnection of FS cells.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Horiguchi, Kotaro; Ilmiawati, Cimi; Fujiwara, Ken; Tsukada, Takehiro; Kikuchi, Motoshi; Yashiro, Takashi

    2012-04-01

    The anterior pituitary gland is composed of five types of hormone-producing cells plus folliculostellate (FS) cells, which do not produce classical anterior pituitary hormones. FS cells are interconnected by cytoplasmic processes and encircle hormone-producing cells or aggregate homophilically. Using living-cell imaging of primary culture, we recently reported that some FS cells precisely extend their cytoplasmic processes toward other FS cells and form interconnections with them. These phenomena suggest the presence of a chemoattractant factor that facilitates the interconnection. In this study, we attempted to discover the factor that induces interconnection of FS cells and succeeded in identifying chemokine (CXC)-L12 and its receptor CXCR4 as potential candidate molecules. CXCL12 is a chemokine of the CXC subfamily. It exerts its effects via CXCR4, a G protein-coupled receptor. The CXCL12/CXCR4 axis is a potent chemoattractant for many types of neural cells. First, we revealed that CXCL12 and CXCR4 are expressed by FS cells in rat anterior pituitary gland. Next, to clarify the function of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in FS cells, we observed living anterior pituitary cells in primary culture with specific CXCL12 inhibitor or CXCR4 antagonist and noted that extension of cytoplasmic processes and interconnection of FS cells were inhibited. Finally, we examined FS cell migration and invasion by using Matrigel matrix assays. CXCL12 treatment resulted in markedly increased FS cell migration and invasion. These data suggest that FS cells express chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 and that the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis evokes interconnection of FS cells.

  2. Comparison of SeaWiFS measurements of the Moon with the U.S. Geological Survey lunar model.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Barnes, Robert A; Eplee, Robert E; Patt, Frederick S; Kieffer, Hugh H; Stone, Thomas C; Meister, Gerhard; Butler, James J; McClain, Charles R

    2004-11-01

    The Sea-Viewing Wide-Field-of-View Sensor (SeaWiFS) has made monthly observations of the Moon since 1997. Using 66 monthly measurements, the SeaWiFS calibration team has developed a correction for the instrument's on-orbit response changes. Concurrently, a lunar irradiance model has been developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) from extensive Earth-based observations of the Moon. The lunar irradiances measured by SeaWiFS are compared with the USGS model. The comparison shows essentially identical response histories for SeaWiFS, with differences from the model of less than 0.05% per thousand days in the long-term trends. From the SeaWiFS experience we have learned that it is important to view the entire lunar image at a constant phase angle from measurement to measurement and to understand, as best as possible, the size of each lunar image. However, a constant phase angle is not required for using the USGS model. With a long-term satellite lunar data set it is possible to determine instrument changes at a quality level approximating that from the USGS lunar model. However, early in a mission, when the dependence on factors such as phase and libration cannot be adequately determined from satellite measurements alone, the USGS model is critical to an understanding of trends in instruments that use the Moon for calibration. This is the case for SeaWiFS.

  3. InterProScan Result: FS888414 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS888414 FS888414_1_ORF2 7BD3608BC4DF6C01 PRINTS PR01186 INTEGRINB 7.4e-10 T IPR015812 Integri...0)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  4. InterProScan Result: FS860732 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS860732 FS860732_6_ORF1 0375CFA2D74CE0C2 PRINTS PR01186 INTEGRINB 3.7e-20 T IPR015812 Integri...0)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  5. InterProScan Result: FS756793 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS756793 FS756793_1_ORF2 CD4194218B70284D PANTHER PTHR10082 INTEGRIN BETA SUBUNIT 4e-37 T IPR001169 Integri...atrix adhesion (GO:0007160)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  6. InterProScan Result: FS773973 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS773973 FS773973_5_ORF1 95C70FFD3346651F PANTHER PTHR10082 INTEGRIN BETA SUBUNIT 9e-32 T IPR001169 Integri...atrix adhesion (GO:0007160)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  7. InterProScan Result: FS783191 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS783191 FS783191_5_ORF1 072DBEF328F41109 PFAM PF04192 Utp21 5e-59 T IPR007319 Small-subunit process...ome, Utp21 Biological Process: rRNA processing (GO:0006364)|Cellular Component: small-subunit processome (GO:0032040) ...

  8. InterProScan Result: FS873128 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS873128 FS873128_4_ORF1 97398CBF49C72044 PFAM PF08625 Utp13 2.9e-34 T IPR013934 Small-subunit process...ome, Utp13 Biological Process: rRNA processing (GO:0006364)|Cellular Component: small-subunit processome (GO:0032040) ...

  9. InterProScan Result: FS932451 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS932451 FS932451_2_ORF2 773A43AAFA4CCB66 PANTHER PTHR10082 INTEGRIN BETA SUBUNIT 7e-07 T IPR001169 Integri...atrix adhesion (GO:0007160)|Biological Process: integrin-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0007229)|Cellular Component: integrin complex (GO:0008305) ...

  10. InterProScan Result: FS892858 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS892858 FS892858_4_ORF2 0C92A671D1557189 PFAM PF00995 Sec1 1.1e-50 T IPR001619 Sec1-like protein Biological... Process: vesicle docking involved in exocytosis (GO:0006904)|Biological Process: vesicle-mediated transport (GO:0016192) ...

  11. InterProScan Result: FS779843 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS779843 FS779843_4_ORF1 437F417A972B5635 PFAM PF04615 Utp14 6.5e-33 T IPR006709 Small-subunit process...ome, Utp14 Biological Process: rRNA processing (GO:0006364)|Cellular Component: small-subunit processome (GO:0032040) ...

  12. InterProScan Result: FS916423 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS916423 FS916423_2_ORF2 B2940816BE6DE7BE PFAM PF04615 Utp14 2.7e-61 T IPR006709 Small-subunit process...ome, Utp14 Biological Process: rRNA processing (GO:0006364)|Cellular Component: small-subunit processome (GO:0032040) ...

  13. InterProScan Result: FS898954 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS898954 FS898954_4_ORF2 AA99CAAFD037F5BB PFAM PF04615 Utp14 1.4e-56 T IPR006709 Small-subunit process...ome, Utp14 Biological Process: rRNA processing (GO:0006364)|Cellular Component: small-subunit processome (GO:0032040) ...

  14. InterProScan Result: FS917145 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available lular Component: endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)|Cellular Component: integral to membrane (GO:0016021) ... ...FS917145 FS917145_2_ORF2 DB1A671B79D1A25B PFAM PF05208 ALG3 9e-110 T IPR007873 Glycosyltransferase, ALG3 Cel

  15. InterProScan Result: FS827626 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS827626 FS827626_6_ORF2 2EC8961369A7A64F PANTHER PTHR11064:SF10 DNA POLYMERASE EPSILON P17 SUBUNIT (DNA POL...YMERASE EPSILON SUBUNIT 3) 9e-35 T IPR009072 unintegrated Molecular Function: DNA binding (GO:0003677) ...

  16. InterProScan Result: FS758275 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS758275 FS758275_1_ORF2 2EC8961369A7A64F PANTHER PTHR11064:SF10 DNA POLYMERASE EPSILON P17 SUBUNIT (DNA POL...YMERASE EPSILON SUBUNIT 3) 9e-35 T IPR009072 unintegrated Molecular Function: DNA binding (GO:0003677) ...

  17. Pretest analysis document for Test S-FS-6

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shaw, R.A.; Hall, D.G.

    1985-05-01

    This report documents the pretest analyses completed for Semiscale Test S-FS-6. This test will simulate a transient initiated by a 100% break in a steam generator bottom feedwater line downstream of the check valve. The initial conditions represent normal operating conditions for a C-E System 80 nuclear power plant. Predictions of transients resulting from feedwater line breaks in these plants have indicated that significant primary system overpressurization may occur. The enclosed analyses include a RELAP5/MOD2/CY21 code calculation and preliminary results from a facility hot, integrated test which was conducted to near S-FS-6 specifications. The results of these analyses indicate that the test objectives for Test S-FS-6 can be achieved. The primary system overpressurization will pose no threat to personnel or plant integrity

  18. InterProScan Result: FS932793 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS932793 FS932793_2_ORF2 6EA452AE762D110F PANTHER PTHR12479 LYSOSOMAL-ASSOCIATED TRANSME...MBRANE PROTEIN 4.4e-71 T IPR004687 Golgi 4-transmembrane spanning transporter Biological Process: transport (GO:0006810)|Cellular Component: integral to membrane (GO:0016021) ...

  19. InterProScan Result: FS873218 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS873218 FS873218_6_ORF2 0A64BA7E960F39C4 PANTHER PTHR18958:SF308 gb def: Mus musculus 10 days neonate cereb...ellum cDNA, RIKEN full-length enriched library 7.7e-09 T IPR020683 unintegrated ...

  20. InterProScan Result: FS769068 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS769068 FS769068_2_ORF2 CC628FD86337D2E6 PFAM PF03998 Utp11 5.3e-70 T IPR007144 Small-subunit process...ome, Utp11 Biological Process: rRNA processing (GO:0006364)|Cellular Component: small-subunit processome (GO:0032040) ...

  1. InterProScan Result: FS898120 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS898120 FS898120_5_ORF2 88A0F99A1A469778 PFAM PF03998 Utp11 6.1e-69 T IPR007144 Small-subunit process...ome, Utp11 Biological Process: rRNA processing (GO:0006364)|Cellular Component: small-subunit processome (GO:0032040) ...

  2. Standard measurement procedures for the characterization of fs-laser optical components

    Science.gov (United States)

    Starke, Kai; Ristau, Detlev; Welling, Herbert

    2003-05-01

    Ultra-short pulse laser systems are considered as promising tools in the fields of precise micro-machining and medicine applications. In the course of the development of reliable table top laser systems, a rapid growth of ultra-short pulse applications could be observed during the recent years. The key for improving the performance of high power laser systems is the quality of the optical components concerning spectral characteristics, optical losses and the power handling capability. In the field of ultra-short pulses, standard measurement procedures in quality management have to be validated in respect to effects induced by the extremely high peak power densities. The present work, which is embedded in the EUREKA-project CHOCLAB II, is predominantly concentrated on measuring the multiple-pulse LIDT (ISO 11254-2) in the fs-regime. A measurement facility based on a Ti:Sapphire-CPA system was developed to investigate the damage behavior of optical components. The set-up was supplied with an improved pulse energy detector discriminating the influence of pulse-to-pulse energy fluctuations on the incidence of damage. Aditionally, a laser-calorimetric measurement facility determining the absorption (ISO 11551) utilizing a fs-Ti:Sapphire laser was accomplished. The investigation for different pulse durations between 130 fs and 1 ps revealed a drastic increase of absorption in titania coatings for ultra-short pulses.

  3. EST Table: FS750177 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS750177 E_ET_caL-_21J18_F_0 11/12/09 n.h 10/09/28 90 %/101 aa ref|NP_001036899.1| pro-corazon...in precursor [Bombyx mori] sp|Q86N75.1|CORZ_BOMMO RecName: Full=Pro-corazonin; Short=Crz; Short=B...CPRP; Flags: Precursor dbj|BAC66443.1| corazonin preprohormone [Bombyx mori] 10/09/08 n.h 10/08/28 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h FS750177 caL- ...

  4. EST Table: FS755944 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS755944 E_ET_caL-_21J18_R_0 11/12/09 n.h 10/09/28 91 %/101 aa ref|NP_001036899.1| pro-corazon...in precursor [Bombyx mori] sp|Q86N75.1|CORZ_BOMMO RecName: Full=Pro-corazonin; Short=Crz; Short=B...CPRP; Flags: Precursor dbj|BAC66443.1| corazonin preprohormone [Bombyx mori] 10/09/08 n.h 10/08/28 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h FS755944 caL- ...

  5. A Temperature Dependent Lumped-charge Model for Trench FS-IGBT

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Duan, Yaoqiang; Kang, Yong; Iannuzzo, Francesco

    2018-01-01

    Abstract: This paper proposes a temperature dependent lumped-charge model for FS-IGBT. Due to the evolution of the IGBT structure, the existing lumped-charge IGBT model established for NPT-IGBT is not suitable for the simulation of FS-IGBT. This paper extends the lumped-charge IGBT model including...... the field-stop (FS) structure and temperature characteristics. The temperature characteristics of the model are considered for both the bipolar part and unipolar part. In addition, a new PN junction model which can distinguish the collector structure is presented and validated by TCAD simulation. Finally...

  6. InterProScan Result: FS906632 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS906632 FS906632_3_ORF2 2C529C8D33AE78A2 PFAM PF07962 Swi3 1e-25 T IPR012923 Replication fork protection...to DNA damage stimulus (GO:0006974)|Biological Process: cell cycle (GO:0007049)|Biological Process: replication fork protection (GO:0048478) ...

  7. InterProScan Result: FS932674 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS932674 FS932674_3_ORF2 C43825172FE72B67 PFAM PF00067 p450 0.00014 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  8. InterProScan Result: FS836461 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS836461 FS836461_6_ORF1 4B253188815CBC36 PRINTS PR00385 P450 2.2e-08 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  9. InterProScan Result: FS858611 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS858611 FS858611_5_ORF1 E15CFA5CC72259B8 PRINTS PR00385 P450 7.7e-06 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  10. InterProScan Result: FS828147 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS828147 FS828147_5_ORF1 7B963168B4634A1D PRINTS PR00385 P450 2.3e-13 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  11. InterProScan Result: FS828147 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS828147 FS828147_5_ORF1 7B963168B4634A1D PFAM PF00067 p450 1.3e-61 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  12. InterProScan Result: FS793798 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS793798 FS793798_2_ORF2 AF822AAC581E0462 PFAM PF00067 p450 1.8e-29 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  13. InterProScan Result: FS739298 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS739298 FS739298_4_ORF2 E65DEA0712139D30 PFAM PF00067 p450 3.3e-19 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  14. InterProScan Result: FS777434 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS777434 FS777434_4_ORF1 546CBAAA77BF4D8A PRINTS PR00385 P450 3.7e-11 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  15. InterProScan Result: FS760705 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS760705 FS760705_3_ORF2 BCE542E7B7154334 PFAM PF00067 p450 6.5e-36 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  16. InterProScan Result: FS733119 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS733119 FS733119_3_ORF1 FBEF91F3CDA644D7 PRINTS PR00385 P450 1.7e-13 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  17. InterProScan Result: FS807624 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS807624 FS807624_3_ORF2 727CB335F709D390 PFAM PF00067 p450 3.4e-19 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  18. InterProScan Result: FS895048 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS895048 FS895048_5_ORF1 A78EA11E5E964520 PRINTS PR00385 P450 4.5e-10 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  19. InterProScan Result: FS874329 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS874329 FS874329_4_ORF1 93DDB3924654C140 PFAM PF00067 p450 3.6e-36 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  20. InterProScan Result: FS764425 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS764425 FS764425_1_ORF2 38B2ED93758BCB7B PFAM PF00067 p450 4.2e-24 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  1. InterProScan Result: FS784665 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS784665 FS784665_4_ORF1 7E959D55ADFEC376 PRINTS PR00385 P450 5.5e-11 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  2. Directed Acceleration of Electrons from a Solid Surface by Sub-10-fs Laser Pulses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Brandl, F.; Hidding, B.; Osterholz, J.; Hemmers, D.; Pretzler, G.; Karmakar, A.; Pukhov, A.

    2009-01-01

    Electrons have been accelerated from solid target surfaces by sub-10-fs laser pulses of 120 μJ energy which were focused to an intensity of 2x10 16 W/cm 2 . The electrons have a narrow angular distribution, and their observed energies exceed 150 keV. We show that these energies are not to be attributed to collective plasma effects but are mainly gained directly via repeated acceleration in the transient field pattern created by incident and reflected laser, alternating with phase-shift-generating scattering events in the solid.

  3. A 20fs synchronization system for lasers and cavities in accelerators and FELs

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wilcox, R. B.; Byrd, J. M.; Doolittle, L. R.; Huang, G.; Staples, J. W.

    2010-02-01

    A fiber-optic RF distribution system has been developed for synchronizing lasers and RF plants in short pulse FELs. Typical requirements are 50-100fs rms over time periods from 1ms to several hours. Our system amplitude modulates a CW laser signal, senses fiber length using an interferometer, and feed-forward corrects the RF phase digitally at the receiver. We demonstrate less than 15fs rms error over 12 hours, between two independent channels with a fiber path length difference of 200m and transmitting S-band RF. The system is constructed using standard telecommunications components, and uses regular telecom fiber.

  4. InterProScan Result: FS817458 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS817458 FS817458_1_ORF1 B27ECCF086D27F4E PFAM PF00067 p450 3.1e-28 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  5. InterProScan Result: FS865512 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS865512 FS865512_4_ORF2 5E2A7F9124D73F34 PRINTS PR00385 P450 1.7e-09 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  6. InterProScan Result: FS826604 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS826604 FS826604_5_ORF1 1C8DFE9F04A27A5C PRINTS PR00385 P450 2.3e-10 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  7. InterProScan Result: FS829494 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS829494 FS829494_5_ORF1 A59F385AE3D6656D PRINTS PR00385 P450 3.5e-13 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  8. InterProScan Result: FS804057 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS804057 FS804057_2_ORF1 F65DFC6DB9EB6E59 PFAM PF00067 p450 1.6e-13 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  9. InterProScan Result: FS783911 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS783911 FS783911_6_ORF1 F4FB77A4630C2DCB PRINTS PR00385 P450 8.8e-13 T IPR001128 Cytochrome P450 Molecular... Function: monooxygenase activity (GO:0004497)|Molecular Function: iron ion binding (GO:0005506)|Molecular... Function: electron carrier activity (GO:0009055)|Molecular Function: heme binding (GO:0020037) ...

  10. Technical Evaluation Report 24: Open Source Software: an alternative to costly Learning Management Systems

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jim Depow

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available This is the first in a series of two reports discussing the use of open source software (OSS and free software (FS in online education as an alternative to expensive proprietary software. It details the steps taken in a Canadian community college to download and install the Linux Operating System in order to support an OSS/ FS learning management system (LMS.

  11. Field Support System (FS-AID) and Working Capital Fund Tracking System (WCF-TS)

    Data.gov (United States)

    US Agency for International Development — The Field Support System (FS-AID) and Working Capital Fund Tracking System (WCF-TS) are two modules of a single data management system that share common tables and...

  12. Efficiency and safety of OctreotidLong FS therapy in acromegaly patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A V Dreval’

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available Aim of this study was to investigate efficiency and safety of OctreotidLong FS in patients with acromegaly. Materials and methods. 41 patients with acromegaly (8 – de novo and 33 patients after different somato statin analogs treatment was treated OctreotidLong FS one injection in 28 days. Growth hormone (GH, Insulin like Growth Factor 1 (IFG1, fasting glucose (FG and HbA1c were assess after 3, 6 and 12 month of therapy. Results. We found out the decreasing of GH and IGF1 from 12,8 (8,0–82,7 mU/ml to 3,8 (1,6–13,8 mU/ml ( p < 0,05 and %IGF1 increasing (% IGF1 from 231 (150–286% to 9,5 (−26–111% ( p < 0,05 in 8 de novo acromegalic patients. We also revealed that IGF1 didn’t change and GH decreased after 3 month (33 patients, 6 month (22 patients and 12 month (8 patients of OctreotidLong FS treatment. We didn’t observed negative effect of OctreotidLong FS treatment to carbohydrate metabolism in patients with acromegaly. Conclusion. The therapy of OctreotidLong FS leads to induce successful control of GH and IGFI in 50% de novo patients and didn’t change the number of patients with control of acromegaly after another somato statin analogs treatment. Carbohydrate metabolism also didn’t change after OctreotidLong FS treatment.

  13. LTS and FS inhibitory interneurons, short-term synaptic plasticity, and cortical circuit dynamics.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Itai Hayut

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available Somatostatin-expressing, low threshold-spiking (LTS cells and fast-spiking (FS cells are two common subtypes of inhibitory neocortical interneuron. Excitatory synapses from regular-spiking (RS pyramidal neurons to LTS cells strongly facilitate when activated repetitively, whereas RS-to-FS synapses depress. This suggests that LTS neurons may be especially relevant at high rate regimes and protect cortical circuits against over-excitation and seizures. However, the inhibitory synapses from LTS cells usually depress, which may reduce their effectiveness at high rates. We ask: by which mechanisms and at what firing rates do LTS neurons control the activity of cortical circuits responding to thalamic input, and how is control by LTS neurons different from that of FS neurons? We study rate models of circuits that include RS cells and LTS and FS inhibitory cells with short-term synaptic plasticity. LTS neurons shift the RS firing-rate vs. current curve to the right at high rates and reduce its slope at low rates; the LTS effect is delayed and prolonged. FS neurons always shift the curve to the right and affect RS firing transiently. In an RS-LTS-FS network, FS neurons reach a quiescent state if they receive weak input, LTS neurons are quiescent if RS neurons receive weak input, and both FS and RS populations are active if they both receive large inputs. In general, FS neurons tend to follow the spiking of RS neurons much more closely than LTS neurons. A novel type of facilitation-induced slow oscillations is observed above the LTS firing threshold with a frequency determined by the time scale of recovery from facilitation. To conclude, contrary to earlier proposals, LTS neurons affect the transient and steady state responses of cortical circuits over a range of firing rates, not only during the high rate regime; LTS neurons protect against over-activation about as well as FS neurons.

  14. Sub-100 fs high average power directly blue-diode-laser-pumped Ti:sapphire oscillator

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rohrbacher, Andreas; Markovic, Vesna; Pallmann, Wolfgang; Resan, Bojan

    2016-03-01

    Ti:sapphire oscillators are a proven technology to generate sub-100 fs (even sub-10 fs) pulses in the near infrared and are widely used in many high impact scientific fields. However, the need for a bulky, expensive and complex pump source, typically a frequency-doubled multi-watt neodymium or optically pumped semiconductor laser, represents the main obstacle to more widespread use. The recent development of blue diodes emitting over 1 W has opened up the possibility of directly diode-laser-pumped Ti:sapphire oscillators. Beside the lower cost and footprint, a direct diode pumping provides better reliability, higher efficiency and better pointing stability to name a few. The challenges that it poses are lower absorption of Ti:sapphire at available diode wavelengths and lower brightness compared to typical green pump lasers. For practical applications such as bio-medicine and nano-structuring, output powers in excess of 100 mW and sub-100 fs pulses are required. In this paper, we demonstrate a high average power directly blue-diode-laser-pumped Ti:sapphire oscillator without active cooling. The SESAM modelocking ensures reliable self-starting and robust operation. We will present two configurations emitting 460 mW in 82 fs pulses and 350 mW in 65 fs pulses, both operating at 92 MHz. The maximum obtained pulse energy reaches 5 nJ. A double-sided pumping scheme with two high power blue diode lasers was used for the output power scaling. The cavity design and the experimental results will be discussed in more details.

  15. Modelling wedding marketing strategies: An fsQCA Analysis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anestis Fotiadis

    2018-05-01

    Full Text Available Aim of the study is to develop a model delineating customer perceptions on wedding marketing strategies in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Main objective of this paper is to analyse a category of special events: the wedding market sector in Kaohsiung, Taiwan by examining how they attract consumers regarding their marketing strategies using the method of fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA. Based on a survey to married, in relationship and singles local citizens of Taiwan the relationships between impressions, importance, push factors with decision making was explored. To test the hypotheses of the proposed model a primary research study was conducted employing a mall intercept technique via distribution of a self-administered questionnaire within a cross sectional on-site field research context. A fsQCA modelling approach technique was employed in order to measure, estimate and confirm the different casual paths constructs, as well as to test the significance of the paths between different segments of the wedding industry. Our findings reveal that the presence of importance, push factors and decision making determines the level of consumer perception performance. However, impressions do not show significant impact on consumer perceptions.

  16. Manila on CephFS at CERN

    CERN Document Server

    Wiebalck, Arne

    2017-01-01

    In response to the user demand for a light-weight provisioning of distributed file system shares, the OpenStack and Ceph teams at CERN have recently added Manila/CephFS to their service catalogues. While leveraging the operational experience with a 190'000 core OpenStack deployment and a 12 PB Ceph cluster for such a self-service kiosque suggested itself, the service design and setup phases were followed by a number of functionality and stress tests to ensure the individual components are ready for production use. The final service design and the results obtained during the pre-production phase, for instance when scaling to a large number of Manila and CephFS clients or the integration with Magnum/Kubernetes, will be presented alongside the initial use cases and our first experiences running these new services in production.

  17. Implementation of EAM and FS potentials in HOOMD-blue

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Lin; Zhang, Feng; Travesset, Alex; Wang, Caizhuang; Ho, Kaiming

    HOOMD-blue is a general-purpose software to perform classical molecular dynamics simulations entirely on GPUs. We provide full support for EAM and FS type potentials in HOOMD-blue, and report accuracy and efficiency benchmarks, including comparisons with the LAMMPS GPU package. Two problems were selected to test the accuracy: the determination of the glass transition temperature of Cu64.5Zr35.5 alloy using an FS potential and the calculation of pair distribution functions of Ni3Al using an EAM potential. In both cases, the results using HOOMD-blue are indistinguishable from those obtained by the GPU package in LAMMPS within statistical uncertainties. As tests for time efficiency, we benchmark time-steps per second using LAMMPS GPU and HOOMD-blue on one NVIDIA Tesla GPU. Compared to our typical LAMMPS simulations on one CPU cluster node which has 16 CPUs, LAMMPS GPU can be 3-3.5 times faster, and HOOMD-blue can be 4-5.5 times faster. We acknowledge the support from Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) of Ames Laboratory.

  18. Comparative Genome Analyses of Serratia marcescens FS14 Reveals Its High Antagonistic Potential

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Pengpeng; Kwok, Amy H. Y.; Jiang, Jingwei; Ran, Tingting; Xu, Dongqing; Wang, Weiwu; Leung, Frederick C.

    2015-01-01

    S. marcescens FS14 was isolated from an Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz plant that was infected by Fusarium oxysporum and showed symptoms of root rot. With the completion of the genome sequence of FS14, the first comprehensive comparative-genomic analysis of the Serratia genus was performed. Pan-genome and COG analyses showed that the majority of the conserved core genes are involved in basic cellular functions, while genomic factors such as prophages contribute considerably to genome diversity. Additionally, a Type I restriction-modification system, a Type III secretion system and tellurium resistance genes are found in only some Serratia species. Comparative analysis further identified that S. marcescens FS14 possesses multiple mechanisms for antagonism against other microorganisms, including the production of prodigiosin, bacteriocins, and multi-antibiotic resistant determinants as well as chitinases. The presence of two evolutionarily distinct Type VI secretion systems (T6SSs) in FS14 may provide further competitive advantages for FS14 against other microbes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of comparative analysis on T6SSs in the genus, which identifies four types of T6SSs in Serratia spp.. Competition bioassays of FS14 against the vital plant pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum and fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were performed to support our genomic analyses, in which FS14 demonstrated high antagonistic activities against both bacterial and fungal phytopathogens. PMID:25856195

  19. Comparative genome analyses of Serratia marcescens FS14 reveals its high antagonistic potential.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Pengpeng; Kwok, Amy H Y; Jiang, Jingwei; Ran, Tingting; Xu, Dongqing; Wang, Weiwu; Leung, Frederick C

    2015-01-01

    S. marcescens FS14 was isolated from an Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz plant that was infected by Fusarium oxysporum and showed symptoms of root rot. With the completion of the genome sequence of FS14, the first comprehensive comparative-genomic analysis of the Serratia genus was performed. Pan-genome and COG analyses showed that the majority of the conserved core genes are involved in basic cellular functions, while genomic factors such as prophages contribute considerably to genome diversity. Additionally, a Type I restriction-modification system, a Type III secretion system and tellurium resistance genes are found in only some Serratia species. Comparative analysis further identified that S. marcescens FS14 possesses multiple mechanisms for antagonism against other microorganisms, including the production of prodigiosin, bacteriocins, and multi-antibiotic resistant determinants as well as chitinases. The presence of two evolutionarily distinct Type VI secretion systems (T6SSs) in FS14 may provide further competitive advantages for FS14 against other microbes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of comparative analysis on T6SSs in the genus, which identifies four types of T6SSs in Serratia spp.. Competition bioassays of FS14 against the vital plant pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum and fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were performed to support our genomic analyses, in which FS14 demonstrated high antagonistic activities against both bacterial and fungal phytopathogens.

  20. Cross-sensor comparisons between Landsat 5 TM and IRS-P6 AWiFS and disturbance detection using integrated Landsat and AWiFS time-series images

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, Xuexia; Vogelmann, James E.; Chander, Gyanesh; Ji, Lei; Tolk, Brian; Huang, Chengquan; Rollins, Matthew

    2013-01-01

    Routine acquisition of Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) data was discontinued recently and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) has an ongoing problem with the scan line corrector (SLC), thereby creating spatial gaps when covering images obtained during the process. Since temporal and spatial discontinuities of Landsat data are now imminent, it is therefore important to investigate other potential satellite data that can be used to replace Landsat data. We thus cross-compared two near-simultaneous images obtained from Landsat 5 TM and the Indian Remote Sensing (IRS)-P6 Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS), both captured on 29 May 2007 over Los Angeles, CA. TM and AWiFS reflectances were compared for the green, red, near-infrared (NIR), and shortwave infrared (SWIR) bands, as well as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) based on manually selected polygons in homogeneous areas. All R2 values of linear regressions were found to be higher than 0.99. The temporally invariant cluster (TIC) method was used to calculate the NDVI correlation between the TM and AWiFS images. The NDVI regression line derived from selected polygons passed through several invariant cluster centres of the TIC density maps and demonstrated that both the scene-dependent polygon regression method and TIC method can generate accurate radiometric normalization. A scene-independent normalization method was also used to normalize the AWiFS data. Image agreement assessment demonstrated that the scene-dependent normalization using homogeneous polygons provided slightly higher accuracy values than those obtained by the scene-independent method. Finally, the non-normalized and relatively normalized ‘Landsat-like’ AWiFS 2007 images were integrated into 1984 to 2010 Landsat time-series stacks (LTSS) for disturbance detection using the Vegetation Change Tracker (VCT) model. Both scene-dependent and scene-independent normalized AWiFS data sets could generate disturbance maps similar to

  1. An overview of the SeaWiFS project and strategies for producing a climate research quality global ocean bio-optical time series

    Science.gov (United States)

    McClain, Charles R.; Feldman, Gene C.; Hooker, Stanford B.

    2004-01-01

    The Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) Project Office was formally initiated at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in 1990. Seven years later, the sensor was launched by Orbital Sciences Corporation under a data-buy contract to provide 5 years of science quality data for global ocean biogeochemistry research. To date, the SeaWiFS program has greatly exceeded the mission goals established over a decade ago in terms of data quality, data accessibility and usability, ocean community infrastructure development, cost efficiency, and community service. The SeaWiFS Project Office and its collaborators in the scientific community have made substantial contributions in the areas of satellite calibration, product validation, near-real time data access, field data collection, protocol development, in situ instrumentation technology, operational data system development, and desktop level-0 to level-3 processing software. One important aspect of the SeaWiFS program is the high level of science community cooperation and participation. This article summarizes the key activities and approaches the SeaWiFS Project Office pursued to define, achieve, and maintain the mission objectives. These achievements have enabled the user community to publish a large and growing volume of research such as those contributed to this special volume of Deep-Sea Research. Finally, some examples of major geophysical events (oceanic, atmospheric, and terrestrial) captured by SeaWiFS are presented to demonstrate the versatility of the sensor.

  2. Femtosecond (FS) laser vision correction procedure for moderate to high myopia

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Vestergaard, Anders Højslet; Ivarsen, Anders; Asp, Sven

    2013-01-01

    Purpose:  To present our initial clinical experience with ReLEx(®) flex (ReLEx) for moderate to high myopia. We compare efficacy, safety and corneal higher-order aberrations after ReLEx with femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK). Methods:  Prospective study of ReLEx compared...... with a retrospective study of FS-LASIK. ReLEx is a new keratorefractive procedure, where a stromal lenticule is cut by a femtosecond laser and manually extracted. Forty patients were treated with ReLEx on both eyes. A comparable group of 41 FS-LASIK patients were retrospectively identified. Visual acuity, spherical...... equivalent (SE) and corneal tomography were measured before and 3 months after surgery. Results:  Preoperative SE averaged -7.50 ± 1.16 D (ReLEx) and -7.32 ± 1.09 D (FS-LASIK). For all eyes, mean corrected distance visual acuity remained unchanged in both groups. For eyes with emmetropia as target refraction...

  3. Comparative genome analyses of Serratia marcescens FS14 reveals its high antagonistic potential.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pengpeng Li

    Full Text Available S. marcescens FS14 was isolated from an Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz plant that was infected by Fusarium oxysporum and showed symptoms of root rot. With the completion of the genome sequence of FS14, the first comprehensive comparative-genomic analysis of the Serratia genus was performed. Pan-genome and COG analyses showed that the majority of the conserved core genes are involved in basic cellular functions, while genomic factors such as prophages contribute considerably to genome diversity. Additionally, a Type I restriction-modification system, a Type III secretion system and tellurium resistance genes are found in only some Serratia species. Comparative analysis further identified that S. marcescens FS14 possesses multiple mechanisms for antagonism against other microorganisms, including the production of prodigiosin, bacteriocins, and multi-antibiotic resistant determinants as well as chitinases. The presence of two evolutionarily distinct Type VI secretion systems (T6SSs in FS14 may provide further competitive advantages for FS14 against other microbes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of comparative analysis on T6SSs in the genus, which identifies four types of T6SSs in Serratia spp.. Competition bioassays of FS14 against the vital plant pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum and fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were performed to support our genomic analyses, in which FS14 demonstrated high antagonistic activities against both bacterial and fungal phytopathogens.

  4. Primary Productivity, SeaWiFS and Pathfinder, 0.1 degrees, Global, EXPERIMENTAL

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Primary Productivity is calculated from SeaWiFS Chl a, Pathfinder SST, and SeaWiFS PAR data. THIS IS AN EXPERIMENTAL PRODUCT: intended strictly for scientific...

  5. EST Table: FS851943 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ar to restin (Reed-Steinberg cell-expressed intermediate filament-associated protein) [Tribolium castaneum] ...o restin (Reed-Steinberg cell-expressed intermediate filament-associated protein) [Tribolium castaneum] FS906662 fner ...

  6. EST Table: FS796464 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ar to putative lysosomal glucocerebrosidase [Tribolium castaneum] 10/09/09 32 %/334 aa FBpp0237202|DvirGJ227...milar to putative lysosomal glucocerebrosidase [Tribolium castaneum] FS796494 ffbm ...

  7. Nonlinear side effects of fs pulses inside corneal tissue during photodisruption

    Science.gov (United States)

    Heisterkamp, A.; Ripken, T.; Mamom, T.; Drommer, W.; Welling, H.; Ertmer, W.; Lubatschowski, H.

    In order to evaluate the potential for refractive surgery, fs laser pulses of 150-fs pulse duration were used to process corneal tissue of dead and living animal eyes. By focusing the laser radiation down to spot sizes of several microns, very precise cuts could be achieved inside the treated cornea, accompanied with minimum collateral damage to the tissue by thermal or mechanical effects. During histo-pathological analysis by light and transmission electron microscopy considerable side effects of fs photodisruption were found. Due to the high intensities at the focal region several nonlinear effects occurred. Self-focusing, photodissociation, UV-light production were observed, leading to streak formation inside the cornea.

  8. Fundus oculi pigmentation studies simulating the fs-LASIK process

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sander, M; Tetz, M R [Berlin Eye Research Institute, Alt Moabit 101b, 10559 Berlin (Germany); Minet, O; Zabarylo, U [Charite Centrum 6, Arbeitsgruppe Medizinische Physik/Optische Diagnostik, Fabeckstrasse 60–62, 14195 Berlin (Germany); Mueller, M [Augenklinik Ahaus, Am Schlossgraben 13, 48683 Ahaus (Germany)

    2012-06-15

    The femtosecond-laser in situ keratomileusis (fs-LASIK) technique has successfully entered the refractive surgery market to correct ametropia by cutting transparent corneal tissue with ultra-short laser pulses based on photodisruption. The laser pulses in the near infrared range (NIR) generate a laser-induced breakdown (LIOB) in the cornea. By propagating through the eye, a certain amount of the pulse is deposited in the cornea and the remaining energy interacts with the strong absorbing tissue behind. Due to the absorption by the retinal pigment epithelium and the transfer of the thermal energy to surrounding tissue, the transmitted energy can induce damage to the retina. The aim of this project was to find out the threshold influences concerning the tissue and the correlation between the results of the macroscopical appraisal and the fundus oculi pigmentation by simulating the fs-LASIK procedure with two various laser systems in the continuous wave (CW) and fs-regime. Therefore ex-vivo determinations were carried out macroscopically and histopathologically on porcine tissue.

  9. Fundus oculi pigmentation studies simulating the fs-LASIK process

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sander, M; Tetz, M R; Minet, O; Zabarylo, U; Mueller, M

    2012-01-01

    The femtosecond-laser in situ keratomileusis (fs-LASIK) technique has successfully entered the refractive surgery market to correct ametropia by cutting transparent corneal tissue with ultra-short laser pulses based on photodisruption. The laser pulses in the near infrared range (NIR) generate a laser-induced breakdown (LIOB) in the cornea. By propagating through the eye, a certain amount of the pulse is deposited in the cornea and the remaining energy interacts with the strong absorbing tissue behind. Due to the absorption by the retinal pigment epithelium and the transfer of the thermal energy to surrounding tissue, the transmitted energy can induce damage to the retina. The aim of this project was to find out the threshold influences concerning the tissue and the correlation between the results of the macroscopical appraisal and the fundus oculi pigmentation by simulating the fs-LASIK procedure with two various laser systems in the continuous wave (CW) and fs-regime. Therefore ex-vivo determinations were carried out macroscopically and histopathologically on porcine tissue

  10. EST Table: FS921686 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ar to restin (Reed-Steinberg cell-expressed intermediate filament-associated protein) [Tribolium castaneum] ...o restin (Reed-Steinberg cell-expressed intermediate filament-associated protein) [Tribolium castaneum] FS906662 fwgP ...

  11. CephFS: a new generation storage platform for Australian high energy physics

    Science.gov (United States)

    Borges, G.; Crosby, S.; Boland, L.

    2017-10-01

    This paper presents an implementation of a Ceph file system (CephFS) use case at the ARC Center of Excellence for Particle Physics at the Terascale (CoEPP). CoEPP’s CephFS provides a posix-like file system on top of a Ceph RADOS object store, deployed on commodity hardware and without single points of failure. By delivering a unique file system namespace at different CoEPP centres spread across Australia, local HEP researchers can store, process and share data independently of their geographical locations. CephFS is also used as the back-end file system for a WLCG ATLAS user area at the Australian Tier-2. Dedicated SRM and XROOTD services, deployed on top of CoEPP’s CephFS, integrates it in ATLAS data distributed operations. This setup, while allowing Australian HEP researchers to trigger data movement via ATLAS grid tools, also enables local posix-like read access providing greater control to scientists of their data flows. In this article we will present details on CoEPP’s Ceph/CephFS implementation and report performance I/O metrics collected during the testing/tuning phase of the system.

  12. Sub-fs electron bunch generation with sub-10-fs bunch arrival-time jitter via bunch slicing in a magnetic chicane

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. Zhu

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available The generation of ultrashort electron bunches with ultrasmall bunch arrival-time jitter is of vital importance for laser-plasma wakefield acceleration with external injection. We study the production of 100-MeV electron bunches with bunch durations of subfemtosecond (fs and bunch arrival-time jitters of less than 10 fs, in an S-band photoinjector by using a weak magnetic chicane with a slit collimator. The beam dynamics inside the chicane is simulated by using two codes with different self-force models. The first code separates the self-force into a three-dimensional (3D quasistatic space-charge model and a one-dimensional coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR model, while the other one starts from the first principle with a so-called 3D sub-bunch method. The simulations indicate that the CSR effect dominates the horizontal emittance growth and the 1D CSR model underestimates the final bunch duration and emittance because of the very large transverse-to-longitudinal aspect ratio of the sub-fs bunch. Particularly, the CSR effect is also strongly affected by the vertical bunch size. Due to the coupling between the horizontal and longitudinal phase spaces, the bunch duration at the entrance of the last dipole magnet of the chicane is still significantly longer than that at the exit of the chicane, which considerably mitigates the impact of space charge and CSR effects on the beam quality. Exploiting this effect, a bunch charge of up to 4.8 pC in a sub-fs bunch could be simulated. In addition, we analytically and numerically investigate the impact of different jitter sources on the bunch arrival-time jitter downstream of the chicane, and define the tolerance budgets assuming realistic values of the stability of the linac for different bunch charges and compression schemes.

  13. Fs = μs Fn

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bruno Ministro

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-9288.2016v12n1p195 Fs = μs Fn é uma releitura a três vozes dos Homeóstatos de José-Alberto Marques. Partindo do desmembramento e recomposição digital do material sonoro, testam-se, com base nas possibilidades oferecidas pelo cruzamento entre a plasticidade vocal e as ferramentas digitais de manipulação, as potencialidades combinatórias que uma obra desta natureza encerra.

  14. Alternative Splicing in Neurogenesis and Brain Development.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Su, Chun-Hao; D, Dhananjaya; Tarn, Woan-Yuh

    2018-01-01

    Alternative splicing of precursor mRNA is an important mechanism that increases transcriptomic and proteomic diversity and also post-transcriptionally regulates mRNA levels. Alternative splicing occurs at high frequency in brain tissues and contributes to every step of nervous system development, including cell-fate decisions, neuronal migration, axon guidance, and synaptogenesis. Genetic manipulation and RNA sequencing have provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of alternative splicing in stem cell self-renewal and neuronal fate specification. Timely expression and perhaps post-translational modification of neuron-specific splicing regulators play important roles in neuronal development. Alternative splicing of many key transcription regulators or epigenetic factors reprograms the transcriptome and hence contributes to stem cell fate determination. During neuronal differentiation, alternative splicing also modulates signaling activity, centriolar dynamics, and metabolic pathways. Moreover, alternative splicing impacts cortical lamination and neuronal development and function. In this review, we focus on recent progress toward understanding the contributions of alternative splicing to neurogenesis and brain development, which has shed light on how splicing defects may cause brain disorders and diseases.

  15. Alternative Splicing in Neurogenesis and Brain Development

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chun-Hao Su

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available Alternative splicing of precursor mRNA is an important mechanism that increases transcriptomic and proteomic diversity and also post-transcriptionally regulates mRNA levels. Alternative splicing occurs at high frequency in brain tissues and contributes to every step of nervous system development, including cell-fate decisions, neuronal migration, axon guidance, and synaptogenesis. Genetic manipulation and RNA sequencing have provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of alternative splicing in stem cell self-renewal and neuronal fate specification. Timely expression and perhaps post-translational modification of neuron-specific splicing regulators play important roles in neuronal development. Alternative splicing of many key transcription regulators or epigenetic factors reprograms the transcriptome and hence contributes to stem cell fate determination. During neuronal differentiation, alternative splicing also modulates signaling activity, centriolar dynamics, and metabolic pathways. Moreover, alternative splicing impacts cortical lamination and neuronal development and function. In this review, we focus on recent progress toward understanding the contributions of alternative splicing to neurogenesis and brain development, which has shed light on how splicing defects may cause brain disorders and diseases.

  16. EST Table: FS759318 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 25 aa ref|XP_975608.1| PREDICTED: similar to putative lysosomal glucocerebrosidas...%/225 aa gi|91087345|ref|XP_975608.1| PREDICTED: similar to putative lysosomal glucocerebrosidase [Tribolium castaneum] FS759318 fcaL ...

  17. EST Table: FS748350 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available PREDICTED: similar to fetal alzheimer antigen, falz [Nasonia vitripennis] 10/09/08 37 %/193 aa FBpp0290563|E...811424.1| PREDICTED: similar to fetal alzheimer antigen, falz [Tribolium castaneum] FS748350 caL- ...

  18. Phase 1 and 2 feasibility study report for the 300-FF-1 Operable Unit

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    1993-11-01

    The 300-FF-1 Operable Unit (OU) feasibility study (FS) presented in this document completes the FS process only through the first two study phases: Phase I, Remedial Alternatives Development, and Phase II, Remedial Alternatives Screening in accordance with CERCIA guidance for performing Remedial Investigations and Feasibility Studies (RI/FS) (EPA 1988a). This Phase I/II study provides a generalized view of workable remedial technologies as applied to the site contamination problems as a whole. Phase III, Detailed Analysis of Alternatives, will be performed at a later date to further evaluate screened alternatives based on the nine criteria in the CERCLA RI/FS guidance. The purpose of this Phase I/II FS is to develop and screen a range of alternatives for remediation of contamination present in the vadose zone of the 300-FF-1 OU. The scope of work for this Phase I/II FS includes five primary tasks: 1. Review existing documents and their associated data from relevant investigations and studies; 2. Establish remedial action objectives (RAO) and general response actions (GRA); 3. Identify applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARS) pertinent to all general response actions (including waste disposal); 4. Develop remedial alternatives (Phase I) applicable to the 300-FF-1 OU including identification and screening of technologies and process options, and assembly of remedial alternatives from representative technology types; 5. Screen alternatives (Phase II) developed in Phase I for implementability, effectiveness, and cost to identify those alternatives which warrant advancement to the detailed analysis phase (Phase III) of the FS.

  19. EST Table: FS891321 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available /28 46 %/153 aa ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium c...86783|ref|XP_973163.1| PREDICTED: similar to jumping translocation breakpoint protein [Tribolium castaneum] FS891321 ftes ...

  20. EST Table: FS796494 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 38 aa ref|XP_001945612.1| PREDICTED: similar to glucocerebrosidase, partial [Acyr...9/10 42 %/261 aa gi|91087345|ref|XP_975608.1| PREDICTED: similar to putative lysosomal glucocerebrosidase [Tribolium castaneum] FS796494 ffbm ...

  1. EST Table: FS936166 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ar to Low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 (Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia protein) ... similar to Low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 (Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia protein) isoform 1 [Tribolium castaneum] FS929848 fwgP ...

  2. Pretest analysis document for Test S-FS-11

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hall, D.G.; Shaw, R.A.

    1985-07-01

    This report documents the pretest calculations completed for Semiscale Test S-FS-11. This test will simulate a transient initiated by a 50% break in a steam generator bottom feedwater line downstream of the check valve. The initial conditions represents normal operating conditions for a C-E System 80 nuclear plant. Prediction of transients resulting from feedwater line breaks in these plants have indicated that significant primary system overpressurization may occur. The results of a RELAP5/MOD2/CY21 code calculation indicate that the test objectives for Test S-FS-11 can be achieved. The primary system overpressurization will occur but pose no threat to personnel or plant integrity. 3 refs., 15 figs., 5 tabs

  3. EST Table: FS914945 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS914945 E_FL_fufe_33M09_F_0 10/09/28 36 %/210 aa ref|XP_001842174.1| sensitized chromosome inheritance... modifier 19 [Culex quinquefasciatus] gb|EDS39679.1| sensitized chromosome inheritance m

  4. EST Table: FS918359 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS918359 E_FL_fufe_44C07_F_0 10/09/28 37 %/227 aa ref|XP_001842174.1| sensitized chromosome inheritance... modifier 19 [Culex quinquefasciatus] gb|EDS39679.1| sensitized chromosome inheritance m

  5. EST Table: FS891235 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS891235 E_FL_ftes_02B20_R_0 11/12/09 GO hit GO:0003779(actin binding)|GO:0007010(cytoskeleton... organization)|GO:0015629(actin cytoskeleton)|GO:0030036(actin cytoskeleton organization) 10/09/2

  6. 40-fs hydrogen Raman laser

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Didenko, N V; Konyashchenko, A V; Kostryukov, P V; Losev, L L; Pazyuk, V S [P N Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow (Russian Federation); Tenyakov, S Yu [Avesta Ltd., Troitsk, Moscow (Russian Federation); Molchanov, V Ya; Chizhikov, S I; Yushkov, K B [National University of Science and Technology ' MISIS' , Acoustooptical Research Center, Moscow (Russian Federation)

    2015-12-31

    40-fs first Stokes pulses at a wavelength of 1.2 μm were generated in a hydrogen SRS-converter pumped by orthogonally polarised double chirped pulses of a Ti : sapphire laser. To obtain a Stokes pulse close to a transform-limited one, a programmed acousto-optic dispersive delay line was placed between the master oscillator and regenerative amplifier. The energy efficiency of Stokes radiation conversion reached 22%. (lasers)

  7. 40-fs hydrogen Raman laser

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Didenko, N V; Konyashchenko, A V; Kostryukov, P V; Losev, L L; Pazyuk, V S; Tenyakov, S Yu; Molchanov, V Ya; Chizhikov, S I; Yushkov, K B

    2015-01-01

    40-fs first Stokes pulses at a wavelength of 1.2 μm were generated in a hydrogen SRS-converter pumped by orthogonally polarised double chirped pulses of a Ti : sapphire laser. To obtain a Stokes pulse close to a transform-limited one, a programmed acousto-optic dispersive delay line was placed between the master oscillator and regenerative amplifier. The energy efficiency of Stokes radiation conversion reached 22%. (lasers)

  8. EST Table: FS884513 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS884513 E_FL_ftes_30F14_F_0 10/09/28 31 %/166 aa ref|XP_002572677.1| nuclear movement... protein related [Schistosoma mansoni] emb|CAZ28909.1| nuclear movement protein related [Schistosoma mans

  9. EST Table: FS758989 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS758989 E_FL_fcaL_09P10_F_0 10/09/28 34 %/195 aa ref|XP_001842174.1| sensitized chromosome inheritance... modifier 19 [Culex quinquefasciatus] gb|EDS39679.1| sensitized chromosome inheritance m

  10. EST Table: FS758854 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS758854 E_FL_fcaL_09I20_F_0 10/09/28 35 %/195 aa ref|XP_001842174.1| sensitized chromosome inheritance... modifier 19 [Culex quinquefasciatus] gb|EDS39679.1| sensitized chromosome inheritance m

  11. EST Table: FS841713 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] 10/09/10 53 %/160 aa FBpp0120238|DanaGF170... similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS768084 fner ...

  12. EST Table: FS805970 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available milar to xaa-pro dipeptidase app(e.coli) [Nasonia vitripennis] 10/09/09 47 %/178 aa FBpp0123641|DanaGF20449-...PREDICTED: similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase app(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS727105 fmgV ...

  13. EST Table: FS929848 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DICTED: similar to Low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 (Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia...1| PREDICTED: similar to Low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 (Autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia protein) isoform 1 [Tribolium castaneum] FS929848 fwgP ...

  14. Preliminary Evaluation on Characteristics of Waste from Pyro-processing (FS v5.1)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, In-Young; Choi, Heui-Joo

    2016-01-01

    In this study, characteristic of waste from pyro-processing which based on material balance FS v5.1 is evaluated for revising of A-KRS concept. To reduce volume and toxicity of PWR SNFs, the P and T Technology using pyro-processing and SFR is under development in KAERI. In accordance with this R and D, the A-KRS was developed by KAERI for disposal of waste from pyro-processing. After A-KRS concept development, material balance has been revised and characteristics of waste have been changed. To solve impending saturation of storage capacity of NPP sites, national policy on SNF management seems to be determined shortly. Demand on detailed analysis on impact of P and T using pyro-processing and SFR as base data is increasing. To compare direct disposal scenario to the P and T scenario using pyro-processing and SFR, updating of A-KRS reflecting amendment of material balance is required. In this study, characteristic of waste from pyro-processing which based on material balance FS v5.1 is evaluated. Every 15 types of outputs generated from pyro-processing are evaluated. Great reduction can be achieved by complete reuse of U/TRU/RE in SFR, because most of decay heat, radioactivity and radiotoxicity are generated from U/TRU/RE ingot. Within about 300 years, the fly ash filter containing Cs, Sr containing salt waste are important waste in perspective of decay heat and radioactivity. Importance of RE containing salt waste reduced. Management of hold-ups must be clarified because hold-ups take large portion of decay heat, radioactivity in the material balance FS v5.1

  15. Preliminary Evaluation on Characteristics of Waste from Pyro-processing (FS v5.1)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kim, In-Young; Choi, Heui-Joo [Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

    2016-10-15

    In this study, characteristic of waste from pyro-processing which based on material balance FS v5.1 is evaluated for revising of A-KRS concept. To reduce volume and toxicity of PWR SNFs, the P and T Technology using pyro-processing and SFR is under development in KAERI. In accordance with this R and D, the A-KRS was developed by KAERI for disposal of waste from pyro-processing. After A-KRS concept development, material balance has been revised and characteristics of waste have been changed. To solve impending saturation of storage capacity of NPP sites, national policy on SNF management seems to be determined shortly. Demand on detailed analysis on impact of P and T using pyro-processing and SFR as base data is increasing. To compare direct disposal scenario to the P and T scenario using pyro-processing and SFR, updating of A-KRS reflecting amendment of material balance is required. In this study, characteristic of waste from pyro-processing which based on material balance FS v5.1 is evaluated. Every 15 types of outputs generated from pyro-processing are evaluated. Great reduction can be achieved by complete reuse of U/TRU/RE in SFR, because most of decay heat, radioactivity and radiotoxicity are generated from U/TRU/RE ingot. Within about 300 years, the fly ash filter containing Cs, Sr containing salt waste are important waste in perspective of decay heat and radioactivity. Importance of RE containing salt waste reduced. Management of hold-ups must be clarified because hold-ups take large portion of decay heat, radioactivity in the material balance FS v5.1.

  16. EST Table: FS840242 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available l|Amel|GB10584-PA 10/09/10 47 %/128 aa gi|91087383|ref|XP_975651.1| PREDICTED: similar to Glucosylceramidase precursor (Beta-glucocer...ebrosidase) (Acid beta-glucosidase) (D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine glucohydrolase) [Tribolium castaneum] FS796494 fner ...

  17. EST Table: FS772438 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 0040007(growth) 10/09/28 30 %/138 aa ref|XP_966819.1| PREDICTED: similar to myostatin [Tribolium castaneum] ... 30 %/138 aa gi|91085397|ref|XP_966819.1| PREDICTED: similar to myostatin [Tribolium castaneum] FS772438 fcaL ...

  18. EST Table: FS905368 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ar to BUB3 budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 3 [Tribolium castaneum] gb|EEZ97704.1| budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles...|XP_970295.1| PREDICTED: similar to BUB3 budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 3 [Tribolium castaneum] FS920882 fufe ...

  19. EST Table: FS931361 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ar to BUB3 budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 3 [Tribolium castaneum] gb|EEZ97704.1| budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles...|XP_970295.1| PREDICTED: similar to BUB3 budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 3 [Tribolium castaneum] FS920882 fwgP ...

  20. EST Table: FS765476 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ar to BUB3 budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 3 [Tribolium castaneum] gb|EEZ97704.1| budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles...|XP_970295.1| PREDICTED: similar to BUB3 budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 3 [Tribolium castaneum] FS920882 fcaL ...

  1. EST Table: FS791348 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ar to BUB3 budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 3 [Tribolium castaneum] gb|EEZ97704.1| budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles...|XP_970295.1| PREDICTED: similar to BUB3 budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 3 [Tribolium castaneum] FS920882 ffbm ...

  2. EST Table: FS909643 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available ar to BUB3 budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 3 [Tribolium castaneum] gb|EEZ97704.1| budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles...|XP_970295.1| PREDICTED: similar to BUB3 budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 3 [Tribolium castaneum] FS920882 fufe ...

  3. Efficient chirped-pulse amplification of sub-20 fs laser pulses

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Matsuoka, Shinichi; Yamakawa, Koichi [Japan Atomic Energy Research Inst., Tokai, Ibaraki (Japan). Tokai Research Establishment

    1998-03-01

    We have developed a model for ultrabroadband and ultrashort pulse amplification including the effects of a pulse shaper for regenerative pulse shaping, gain narrowing and gain saturation in the amplifiers. Thin solid etalons are used to control both gain narrowing and gain saturation during amplification. This model has been used to design an optimized Ti:sapphire amplifier system for producing efficiently pulses of < 20-fs duration with approaching peak and average powers of 100 TW and 20 W. (author)

  4. Using S3 cloud storage with ROOT and CvmFS

    Science.gov (United States)

    Arsuaga-Ríos, María; Heikkilä, Seppo S.; Duellmann, Dirk; Meusel, René; Blomer, Jakob; Couturier, Ben

    2015-12-01

    Amazon S3 is a widely adopted web API for scalable cloud storage that could also fulfill storage requirements of the high-energy physics community. CERN has been evaluating this option using some key HEP applications such as ROOT and the CernVM filesystem (CvmFS) with S3 back-ends. In this contribution we present an evaluation of two versions of the Huawei UDS storage system stressed with a large number of clients executing HEP software applications. The performance of concurrently storing individual objects is presented alongside with more complex data access patterns as produced by the ROOT data analysis framework. Both Huawei UDS generations show a successful scalability by supporting multiple byte-range requests in contrast with Amazon S3 or Ceph which do not support these commonly used HEP operations. We further report the S3 integration with recent CvmFS versions and summarize the experience with CvmFS/S3 for publishing daily releases of the full LHCb experiment software stack.

  5. EST Table: FS911502 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available eritance modifier 19 [Culex quinquefasciatus] gb|EDS39679.1| sensitized chromosome inheritance...FS911502 E_FL_fufe_23G14_F_0 11/12/09 n.h 10/09/28 35 %/234 aa ref|XP_001842174.1| sensitized chromosome inh

  6. EST Table: FS920740 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS920740 E_FL_fufe_51G05_F_0 10/09/28 40 %/209 aa ref|XP_001867321.1| partner of drosha... [Culex quinquefasciatus] gb|EDS44779.1| partner of drosha [Culex quinquefasciatus] 10/09/13 39 %/204 aa

  7. Alternative Energy Development and China's Energy Future

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zheng, Nina; Fridley, David

    2011-06-15

    In addition to promoting energy efficiency, China has actively pursued alternative energy development as a strategy to reduce its energy demand and carbon emissions. One area of particular focus has been to raise the share of alternative energy in China’s rapidly growing electricity generation with a 2020 target of 15% share of total primary energy. Over the last ten years, China has established several major renewable energy regulations along with programs and subsidies to encourage the growth of non-fossil alternative energy including solar, wind, nuclear, hydro, geothermal and biomass power as well as biofuels and coal alternatives. This study thus seeks to examine China’s alternative energy in terms of what has and will continue to drive alternative energy development in China as well as analyze in depth the growth potential and challenges facing each specific technology. This study found that despite recent policies enabling extraordinary capacity and investment growth, alternative energy technologies face constraints and barriers to growth. For relatively new technologies that have not achieved commercialization such as concentrated solar thermal, geothermal and biomass power, China faces technological limitations to expanding the scale of installed capacity. While some alternative technologies such as hydropower and coal alternatives have been slowed by uneven and often changing market and policy support, others such as wind and solar PV have encountered physical and institutional barriers to grid integration. Lastly, all alternative energy technologies face constraints in human resources and raw material resources including land and water, with some facing supply limitations in critical elements such as uranium for nuclear, neodymium for wind and rare earth metals for advanced solar PV. In light of China’s potential for and barriers to growth, the resource and energy requirement for alternative energy technologies were modeled and scenario analysis

  8. Pretest analysis document for Test S-FS-7

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hall, D.G.

    1985-06-01

    This report documents the pretest calculations completed for Semiscale Test S-FS-7. This test will simulate a transient initiated by a 14.3% break in a steam generator bottom feedwater line downstream of the check valve. The initial conditions represent normal operating conditions for a C-E System 80 nuclear power plant. Predictions of transients resulting from feedwater line breaks in these plants have indicated that significant primary system overpressurization may occur. The results of a RELAP5/MOD2/CY21 code calculation indicate that the test objectives for Test S-FS-7 can be achieved. The primary system overpressurization will occur but pose no threat to personnel or to plant integrity. 3 refs., 15 figs., 5 tabs

  9. Quantification of Surface Suspended Sediments along a River Dominated Coast with NOAA AVHRR and SeaWiFS Measurements: Louisiana, USA

    Science.gov (United States)

    Myint, S. W.; Walker, N. D.

    2002-01-01

    The ability to quantify suspended sediment concentrations accurately over both time and space using satellite data has been a goal of many environmental researchers over the past few decades This study utilizes data acquired by the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and the Orbview-2 Sea-viewing wide field-of-view (SeaWiFS) ocean colour sensor, coupled with field measurements to develop statistical models for the estimation of near-surface suspended sediment and suspended solids "Ground truth" water samples were obtained via helicopter, small boat and automatic water sampler within a few hours of satellite overpasses The NOAA AVHRR atmospheric correction was modified for the high levels of turbidity along the Louisiana coast. Models were developed based on the field measurements and reflectance/radiance measurements in the visible and near infrared Channels of NOAA-14 and Orbview-2 SeaWiFS. The best models for predicting surface suspended sediment concentrations were obtained with a NOAA AVHRR Channel 1 (580-680nm) cubic model, Channel 2 (725-1100 nm) linear mod$ and SeaWiFs Channel 6 (660-68Onm) power modeL The suspended sediment models developed using SeaWiFS Channel 5 (545-565 nm) were inferior, a result that we attribute mainly to the atmospheric correction technique, the shallow depth of the water samples and absorption effects from non-sediment water constituents.

  10. Comparison of retina damage thresholds simulating the femtosecond-laser in situ keratomileusis (fs-LASIK) process with two laser systems in the CW- and fs-regime

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sander, M.; Minet, O.; Zabarylo, U.; Müller, M.; Tetz, M. R.

    2012-04-01

    The femtosecond-laser in situ keratomileusis procedure affords the opportunity to correct ametropia by cutting transparent corneal tissue with ultra-short laser pulses. Thereby the tissue cut is generated by a laser-induced optical breakdown in the cornea with ultra-short laser pulses in the near-infrared range. Compared to standard procedures such as photorefractive keratectomy and laser in-situ keratomileusis with the excimer laser, where the risk potential for the eye is low due to the complete absorption of ultraviolet irradiation from corneal tissue, only a certain amount of the pulse energy is deposited in the cornea during the fs-LASIK process. The remaining energy propagates through the eye and interacts with the retina and the strong absorbing tissue layers behind. The objective of the presented study was to determine and compare the retina damage thresholds during the fs-LASIK process simulated with two various laser systems in the CW- and fs-regime.

  11. Characterization of alternative FBR development strategies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Boegel, A.J.; Clausen, M.J.

    1981-08-01

    Near-term decisions regarding the nature and place of the FBR development program must be made. This study is part of a larger program designed to provide the Department of Energy (DOE) with imformation that can be used to make strategic programmatic decisions. The focus of this report is the description of alternative approaches for developing the FBR and the quantification of the duration and cost of each alternative. The time frames of the alternative approaches are investigated in companion reports (White 1981 and Fraley 1981). The results of these analyses will be described in a summary report

  12. EST Table: FS789999 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS789999 E_FL_ffbm_02F05_F_0 10/09/28 42 %/246 aa ref|XP_971541.1| PREDICTED: simil...ar to AGAP008392-PA [Tribolium castaneum] gb|EFA09946.1| hypothetical protein TcasGA2_TC012099 [Tribolium ca

  13. EST Table: FS819070 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 1|gene:AGAP012772 10/09/10 47 %/123 aa gnl|Amel|GB30341-PA 10/09/10 47 %/123 aa gi|91086723|ref|XP_970869.1|... PREDICTED: similar to fear-of-intimacy CG6817-PA [Tribolium castaneum] FS825450 fmgV ...

  14. SIP-FS: a novel feature selection for data representation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yiyou Guo

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Multiple features are widely used to characterize real-world datasets. It is desirable to select leading features with stability and interpretability from a set of distinct features for a comprehensive data description. However, most of existing feature selection methods focus on the predictability (e.g., prediction accuracy of selected results yet neglect stability. To obtain compact data representation, a novel feature selection method is proposed to improve stability, and interpretability without sacrificing predictability (SIP-FS. Instead of mutual information, generalized correlation is adopted in minimal redundancy maximal relevance to measure the relation between different feature types. Several feature types (each contains a certain number of features can then be selected and evaluated quantitatively to determine what types contribute to a specific class, thereby enhancing the so-called interpretability of features. Moreover, stability is introduced in the criterion of SIP-FS to obtain consistent results of ranking. We conduct experiments on three publicly available datasets using one-versus-all strategy to select class-specific features. The experiments illustrate that SIP-FS achieves significant performance improvements in terms of stability and interpretability with desirable prediction accuracy and indicates advantages over several state-of-the-art approaches.

  15. EST Table: FS849735 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available acetyltransferase [Periplaneta americana] 10/09/11 34 %/218 aa FBpp0169479|DmojGI20262-PA 10/08/29 n.h 10/09...FS849735 E_FL_fner_35N12_F_0 10/09/28 33 %/215 aa dbj|BAC87874.1| arylalkylamine N-

  16. EST Table: FS871051 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available aa ref|NP_001139536.1| mortality factor 4-like [Bombyx mori] gb|ABJ99463.1| mrg15-like protein [Bombyx mori...FS871051 E_FL_fner_44F14_R_0 11/12/09 GO hit GO:0005634(nucleus) 10/09/28 100 %/257

  17. EST Table: FS880151 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available to DNA mismatch repair protein pms2 [Acyrthosiphon pisum] 10/09/11 63 %/127 aa FBpp0252351|DwilGK23208-PA 1...aa gi|91079030|ref|XP_974934.1| PREDICTED: similar to DNA mismatch repair protein pms2 [Tribolium castaneum] FS880151 ftes ...

  18. Ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry. A reliable technique for the analysis of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in food and feed samples

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Santos, F J; Malavia, J; Galceran, M T [Barcelona Univ. (Spain). Dept. of Analytical Chemistry; Abalos, M; Abad, E; Rivera, J [Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Dept. of Ecotechnologies, IIQAB-CSIC, Barcelona (Spain)

    2004-09-15

    The recent establishment of maximum residue limits for polychlorodibenzo-pdioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in food and feed samples by the European Community and the future inclusion of dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) in these values at the end of 2006, has led to an important increase on the routine analysis of these compounds. Therefore, there is a clear need to have powerful sensitive and selective methods for the analysis of these compounds at low concentration levels. Actually, gas chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) is the technique of reference for the determination of these analytes in environmental and food samples due to its high sensitivity and selectivity. Nevertheless, this technique is relatively expensive and requires qualifier personnel. Therefore, the development of more economical but reliable methods that can deliver results comparable to GC-HRMS is required. During the last years, gas chromatography coupled with ion trap mass spectrometry (GC-ITMS) working in MS/MS mode has become an interesting alternative technique to GC-HRMS for the analysis of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs. The aim of the present work is to demonstrate the ability of the gas chromatography coupled with ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry (GC-ITMS/MS) for the analysis of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs in food and feed samples. This work was performed on the framework of the European research project called DIFFERENCE (Dioxins in Food and Feed - Reference methods and New Certified Reference Materials) with the objective to validate the GC-ITMS/MS method as alternative to HRMS in order to reduce the cost of dioxin analysis. The results and conclusions of the evaluation study are presented here.

  19. EST Table: FS799999 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS799999 E_FL_fmgV_02M15_F_0 10/09/28 100 %/197 aa ref|NP_001036966.1| lipase-1 [Bo...mbyx mori] dbj|BAC00960.1| lipase-1 [Bombyx mori] gb|AAZ66799.1| lipase [Samia cynthia ricini] gb|ABB90967.1

  20. EST Table: FS768084 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Aedes aegypti] gb|EAT39285.1| xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Aede... 57 %/201 aa gi|189233738|ref|XP_971576.2| PREDICTED: similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS768084 fcaL ...

  1. EST Table: FS773562 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available /09/28 91 %/214 aa ref|NP_001036831.1| saposin-related [Bombyx mori] dbj|BAA23126.1| BmP109 [Bombyx mori] 10...0 38 %/197 aa gi|91077504|ref|XP_966852.1| PREDICTED: similar to saposin isoform 1 [Tribolium castaneum] FS773562 fcaL ...

  2. EST Table: FS736730 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS736730 E_FL_bmmt_06M14_R_0 10/09/28 100 %/193 aa ref|NP_001037510.1| elongation f... dbj|BAA02601.1| elongation factor 1 alpha [Bombyx mori] 10/09/03 95 %/193 aa FBpp0257399|DyakGE12389-PA 10/

  3. SeaWiFS_L3b_SNSP_RRS

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Aeronautics and Space Administration — The SeaWiFS instrument was launched by Orbital Sciences Corporation on the OrbView-2 (a.k.a. SeaStar) satellite in August 1997, and collected data from September...

  4. SeaWiFS_L3b_CU_CHL

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Aeronautics and Space Administration — The SeaWiFS instrument was launched by Orbital Sciences Corporation on the OrbView-2 (a.k.a. SeaStar) satellite in August 1997, and collected data from September...

  5. SeaWiFS_L3b_SNWI_CHL

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Aeronautics and Space Administration — The SeaWiFS instrument was launched by Orbital Sciences Corporation on the OrbView-2 (a.k.a. SeaStar) satellite in August 1997, and collected data from September...

  6. PREDICTING THE BOILING POINT OF PCDD/Fs BY THE QSPR METHOD BASED ON THE MOLECULAR DISTANCE-EDGE VECTOR INDEX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Long Jiao

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available The quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR for the boiling point (Tb of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs was investigated. The molecular distance-edge vector (MDEV index was used as the structural descriptor. The quantitative relationship between the MDEV index and Tb was modeled by using multivariate linear regression (MLR and artificial neural network (ANN, respectively. Leave-one-out cross validation and external validation were carried out to assess the prediction performance of the models developed. For the MLR method, the prediction root mean square relative error (RMSRE of leave-one-out cross validation and external validation was 1.77 and 1.23, respectively. For the ANN method, the prediction RMSRE of leave-one-out cross validation and external validation was 1.65 and 1.16, respectively. A quantitative relationship between the MDEV index and Tb of PCDD/Fs was demonstrated. Both MLR and ANN are practicable for modeling this relationship. The MLR model and ANN model developed can be used to predict the Tb of PCDD/Fs. Thus, the Tb of each PCDD/F was predicted by the developed models.

  7. [Atmospheric emission of PCDD/Fs from secondary aluminum metallurgy industry in the southwest area, China].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lu, Yi; Zhang, Xiao-Ling; Guo, Zhi-Shun; Jian, Chuan; Zhu, Ming-Ji; Deng, Li; Sun, Jing; Zhang, Qin

    2014-01-01

    Five secondary aluminum metallurgy enterprises in the southwest area of China were measured for emissions of PCDD/Fs. The results indicated that the emission levels of PCDD/Fs (as TEQ) were 0.015-0.16 ng x m(-3), and the average was 0.093 ng x m(-3) from secondary aluminum metallurgy enterprises. Emission factors of PCDD/Fs (as TEQ) from the five secondary aluminum metallurgy enterprises varied between 0.041 and 4.68 microg x t(-1) aluminum, and the average was 2.01 microg x t(-1) aluminum; among them, PCDD/Fs emission factors from the crucible smelting furnace was the highest. Congener distribution of PCDD/F in stack gas from the five secondary aluminum metallurgies was very different from each other. Moreover, the R(PCDF/PCDD) was the lowest in the enterprise which was installed only with bag filters; the R(PCDF/PCDD) were 3.8-12.6 (the average, 7.7) in the others which were installed with water scrubbers. The results above indicated that the mechanism of PCDD/Fs formation was related to the types of exhaust gas treatment device. The results of this study can provide technical support for the formulation of PCDD/Fs emission standards and the best available techniques in the secondary aluminum metallurgy industry.

  8. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) in e-waste plastic in Nigeria.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sindiku, O; Babayemi, J O; Tysklind, M; Osibanjo, O; Weber, R; Watson, A; Schlummer, M; Lundstedt, S

    2015-10-01

    Plastics from cathode ray tube (CRT) casings were sampled in Nigeria and analysed for their polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (PBDD/F) content. PBDD/Fs, consisting mainly of PBDFs, were detected in BFR containing plastic with a median (mean) concentration of 18,000 ng/g (41,000 ng/g). The PBDD/Fs levels were highest in samples containing PBDEs, but the levels of PBDFs were two orders of magnitude higher than the levels reported in the technical PBDE mixtures and where frequently exceeding 1000 μg/g of PBDE content. These higher levels are likely to arise from additional transformation of PBDEs during production, use, recycling, or storage, but the processes responsible were not identified in this study. PBDD/Fs in CRT casings containing1,2-bistribromophenoxyethane (TBPE) were dominated by tetrabrominated dibenzo-p-dioxin (TBDDs) with concentrations around 10 μg/g of the TBPE content. The PBDD/Fs in CRT casings containing tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) were found at concentrations around 0.1 μg/g of TBBPA levels. Casings treated with TBPE or TBBPA often contained PBDEs (and PBDF) as impurities-probably originating from recycled e-waste plastics. It was estimated that the 237,000 t of CRT casings stockpiled in Nigeria contain between 2 and 8 t of PBDD/Fs. The total PBDD/F contamination in polymers arising from total historic PBDE production/use is estimated in the order of 1000 t. TEQ values of CRT samples frequently exceeded the Basel Convention's provisional low POPs content of 15 ng TEQ/g. Due to the significant risks to health associated with PBDD/Fs, more detailed studies on the exposure routes from PBDD/Fs in stockpiles are needed.

  9. EST Table: FS853636 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS853636 E_FL_fner_46O23_F_0 10/09/28 50 %/122 aa gb|EFA10616.1| hypothetical prote...GAP010623-PA Protein|3L:7358821:7360505:1|gene:AGAP010623 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 50 %/122 aa gi|2700

  10. EST Table: FS846041 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS846041 E_FL_fner_25G13_F_0 10/09/28 50 %/132 aa ref|XP_001606590.1| PREDICTED: similar to glucocerebro...el|GB10584-PA 10/09/10 47 %/138 aa gi|91087383|ref|XP_975651.1| PREDICTED: similar to Glucosylceramidase precursor (Beta-glucocerebro

  11. EST Table: FS827794 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS827794 E_FL_fmgV_27G02_R_0 10/09/28 42 %/239 aa ref|XP_002092266.1| GE14094 [Dros...ophila yakuba] gb|EDW91978.1| GE14094 [Drosophila yakuba] 10/09/10 42 %/239 aa FBpp0259104|DyakGE14094-PA 10

  12. EST Table: FS731731 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS731731 E_FL_bmmt_24I23_F_0 10/09/28 44 %/191 aa ref|XP_001869607.1| monocarboxyla...10/09/03 39 %/191 aa FBpp0160203|DmojGI10986-PA 10/08/28 low homology 10/09/10 44 %/191 aa AGAP002587-PA Pro

  13. EST Table: FS920967 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS920967 E_FL_fufe_52E08_F_0 10/09/28 83 %/296 aa ref|NP_001098702.1| nanos-like pr...otein [Bombyx mori] gb|ABS17681.1| nanos-like protein [Bombyx mori] 10/09/13 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09

  14. EST Table: FS910029 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS910029 E_FL_fufe_19A04_F_0 10/09/28 88 %/296 aa ref|NP_001098702.1| nanos-like pr...otein [Bombyx mori] gb|ABS17681.1| nanos-like protein [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09

  15. EST Table: FS908976 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS908976 E_FL_fufe_15N15_F_0 10/09/28 88 %/289 aa ref|NP_001098702.1| nanos-like pr...otein [Bombyx mori] gb|ABS17681.1| nanos-like protein [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09

  16. EST Table: FS910254 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS910254 E_FL_fufe_19K18_F_0 10/09/28 87 %/274 aa ref|NP_001098702.1| nanos-like pr...otein [Bombyx mori] gb|ABS17681.1| nanos-like protein [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09

  17. EST Table: FS913950 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS913950 E_FL_fufe_30M22_F_0 10/09/28 87 %/272 aa ref|NP_001098702.1| nanos-like pr...otein [Bombyx mori] gb|ABS17681.1| nanos-like protein [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09

  18. EST Table: FS919738 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS919738 E_FL_fufe_48E09_F_0 10/09/28 87 %/288 aa ref|NP_001098702.1| nanos-like pr...otein [Bombyx mori] gb|ABS17681.1| nanos-like protein [Bombyx mori] 10/09/13 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09

  19. System design specification Brayton Isotope Power System (BIPS) Flight System (FS), and Ground Demonstration System (GDS)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1976-01-01

    The system design specification for ground demonstration, development, and flight qualification of a Brayton Isotope Power System (BIPS) is presented. The requirements for both a BIPS conceptual Flight System (FS) and a Ground Demonstration System (GDS) are defined

  20. Theory of superconducting spintronic SIsFS devices

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bakurskiy, S.V.; Klenov, N.V.; Soloviev, I.I.; Kupriyanov, M.Yu.; Bol'ginov, V.V.; Ryazanov, V.V.; Vernik, I.V.; Mukhanov, O.A.; Golubov, A.A.

    2013-01-01

    Full text: Motivated by recent progress in developments of cryogenic memory compatible with single flux quantum (SFQ) circuits we have performed a theoretical study of magnetic SIsFS Josephson junctions, where 'S' is a bulk superconductor, 's' is a thin superconducting film, 'F' is a metallic ferromagnet and 'I' is an insulator. We calculate the Josephson current as a function of s and F layers thickness, temperature and exchange energy of F film. We outline several modes of operation of these junctions and demonstrate their unique ability to have high I C R N product in the π-state, comparable to that in SIS tunnel junctions commonly used in SFQ circuits. We develop a model describing switching of the Josephson critical current in these devices by external magnetic field. The results are in good agreement with the experimental data for Nb-Al/AlOx-Nb-Pd0:99Fe0:01-Nb junctions. This work is supported by RFBR No. 12-02-90010-Bel a .

  1. Laser impulse coupling at 130 fs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Phipps, C.; Luke, J.; Funk, D.; Moore, D.; Glownia, J.; Lippert, T.

    2006-01-01

    We measured the momentum coupling coefficient C m and laser-generated ion drift velocity and temperature in the femtosecond (fs) region, over a laser intensity range from ablation threshold to about one hundred times threshold. Targets were several pure metals and three organic compounds. The organic compounds were exothermic polymers specifically developed for the micro-laser plasma thruster, and two of these used 'tuned absorbers' rather than carbon particles for laser absorption. The metals ranged from Li to W in atomic weight. We measured time of flight (TOF) profiles for ions. Specific impulse reached record values for this type of measurement and ablation efficiency was near 100%. These measurements extend the laser pulsewidth three orders of magnitude downward in pulsewidth relative to previous reports. Over this range, we found C m to be essentially constant. Ion velocity ranged from 60 to 180 km/s

  2. EST Table: FS869999 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS869999 E_FL_fner_41G01_R_0 10/09/28 90 %/258 aa ref|NP_001037132.1| ribosomal pro...6-PB 10/08/29 38 %/244 aa R151.3#CE00744#WBGene00004417#locus:rpl-6#Ribosomal protein ML16#status:Confirmed#UniProt:P4799

  3. EST Table: FS911308 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS911308 E_FL_fufe_22N11_F_0 11/12/09 n.h 10/09/28 53 %/286 aa ref|XP_002092266.1| GE14...094 [Drosophila yakuba] gb|EDW91978.1| GE14094 [Drosophila yakuba] 10/09/12 53 %/286 aa FBpp0259104|DyakGE14

  4. Review on occurrence and behavior of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs in atmosphere of East Asia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Trinh, Minh Man; Chang, Moo Been

    2018-05-01

    This paper reviews the data from studies mainly published after 2000 to provide the current understanding of the physicochemical properties, atmospheric occurrence, gas/particle partitioning, fate and temporal trends in atmospheric matrix of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs of East Asia. Ambient PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs concentrations in East Asia are found to be tens to hundreds times higher than that measured in Europe and North America. After strict regulations on PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs emissions are enacted, the concentrations of these compounds decrease dramatically in Eastern Asian countries. In general, most of PCDD/Fs distribute in particle phase while dl-PCBs majorly exist in gas phase. Three main factors including physicochemical properties of the compounds, properties of particle and atmospheric condition affect the gas/particle partitioning of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs. The accuracy of absorption and adsorption models on predicting gas/particle partitioning of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs is evaluated. Gas-phase compounds are mostly removed from the atmosphere via reactions with OH radicals while those in particle phase are majorly removed by wet/dry deposition processes. The effects of removing processes and long-range transport on gas/particle partitioning are also discussed.

  5. In vitro effects of PCDDs/Fs on NK-like cell activity of Eisenia andrei earthworms

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hayet Belmeskine

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available In this study, we assessed in vitro the effects of PCDD/Fs on the NK-like cell activity in Eisenia andrei earthworms using flow cytometry for analysis. NK-like coelomocytes isolated from E. andrei and used as effectors were exposed to various concentrations of PCDDs/Fs mixture, C1 (6.25x10-3 ng 2378- TCDD/mL, C2 (12.5x10-3 ng 2378-TCDD/mL and C3 (25x10-3 ng 2378-TCDD/mL, before adding them to human tumoral cells (K562 used as targets. We evaluated the percentage of targets lysed by Nk-like cells. The results showed a significant stimulation of the NKlike activity at C3 when PCDD/Fs were not removed from effectors before contact with targets, while no effects were noted when the effectors were washed (PCDD/Fs removed or fixed. Assessment of the viability of the targets (K562, exposed alone and separately from effectors, to the three concentrations of PCDD/Fs, C1, C2 and C3, showed that all these concentrations were cytotoxic for K562. Results suggest that PCDD/Fs concentrations tested in this assay may be considered too low to induce suppressive effects on the immune function such as the NK-like activity in E. andrei earthworms.

  6. EST Table: FS839039 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS839039 E_FL_fner_05J12_F_0 10/09/28 57 %/212 aa gb|ADE18444.1| cytochrome c oxida...se subunit I [Bombyx mori] 10/09/10 50 %/212 aa FBpp0100176|mt:CoI-PA 10/08/29 39 %/207 aa MTCE.26#CE35350#W

  7. EST Table: FS928371 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS928371 E_FL_fwgP_22B11_F_0 10/09/28 87 %/119 aa ref|XP_975463.1| PREDICTED: similar to rasputin...066-PA 10/09/10 87 %/119 aa gi|91076984|ref|XP_975463.1| PREDICTED: similar to rasputin CG9412-PB [Tribolium castaneum] CK541017 fwgP ...

  8. EST Table: FS779999 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS779999 E_FL_fcaL_32K04_R_0 10/09/28 100 %/145 aa dbj|BAG30799.1| actin [Papilio x...locus:act- 2#actin#status:Confirmed#UniProt:P10984#protein_id:CAB04 675.1 10/09/10 100 %/145 aa AGAP005095-PA Protein|2L:9969318:99

  9. EST Table: FS908806 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS908806 E_FL_fufe_15F06_F_0 10/09/28 64 %/229 aa ref|XP_974421.1| PREDICTED: similar to synoviolin.../09/10 58 %/222 aa gnl|Amel|GB14313-PA 10/09/10 64 %/229 aa gi|91087035|ref|XP_974421.1| PREDICTED: similar to synoviolin [Tribolium castaneum] DC547331 fufe ...

  10. EST Table: FS733278 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS733278 E_FL_bmmt_20O16_F_0 10/09/28 77 %/113 aa ref|XP_974421.1| PREDICTED: similar to synoviolin.../09/10 70 %/106 aa gnl|Amel|GB14313-PA 10/09/10 77 %/113 aa gi|91087035|ref|XP_974421.1| PREDICTED: similar to synoviolin [Tribolium castaneum] DC547331 bmmt ...

  11. EST Table: FS747376 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available milar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Nasonia vitripennis] 10/09/08 58 %/234 aa FBpp0241989|DwilGK...AP004775 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 54 %/235 aa gi|189233738|ref|XP_971576.2| PREDICTED: similar to xaa-pro dipeptidase pepd/pepq(e.coli) [Tribolium castaneum] FS768084 caL- ...

  12. EST Table: FS725108 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS725108 E_FL_bmmt_03L12_F_0 10/09/28 58 %/105 aa gb|ACY09589.1| cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 [Tetracis cach...exiata] 10/09/03 low homology 10/08/28 low homology 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h AU001277 bmmt ...

  13. EST Table: FS916089 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS916089 E_FL_fufe_37E08_F_0 10/09/28 43 %/186 aa ref|XP_001843810.1| mediator comp...lex [Culex quinquefasciatus] gb|EDS34592.1| mediator complex [Culex quinquefasciatus] 10/09/12 36 %/187 aa F...1082463|ref|XP_971521.1| PREDICTED: similar to mediator complex [Tribolium castaneum] BJ984999 fufe ...

  14. Distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) in municipal solid waste incinerators

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wang, L.-C.; Hsi, H.-C.; Wang, Y.-F.; Lin, S.-L.; Guo-Ping Chang-Chien

    2010-01-01

    The stack flue gases and the ashes in different units of two municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) are sampled to investigate the characteristics of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs), and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). Bottom ashes (BA) exhibited much higher PBDD/F (8.11-52.2 pg TEQ/g) and PBDE contents (20.4-186 ng/g) than those of fly ashes (0.0932-2.02 pg TEQ/g and 0.332-25.5 ng/g), revealing that the PBDD/Fs and PBDEs in the feeding waste may not be completely destroyed. The PBDE concentrations/contents in the stack flue gases (26.1-109 ng/Nm 3 ) and in the BA (20.4-186 ng/g) of the MSWIs could reach three orders higher than those in the atmosphere and reference soils. PBDE contributions to the environment from the stack flue gases or the reutilization of BA of MSWIs should not be ignored from the developing PBDE inventory. - Municipal solid waste incinerators contributed PBDEs and PBDD/Fs to the environment through stack flue gases and reutilization of bottom ashes.

  15. WE-G-207-02: Full Sequential Projection Onto Convex Sets (FS-POCS) for X-Ray CT Reconstruction

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu, L; Han, Y; Jin, M

    2015-01-01

    Purpose: To develop an iterative reconstruction method for X-ray CT, in which the reconstruction can quickly converge to the desired solution with much reduced projection views. Methods: The reconstruction is formulated as a convex feasibility problem, i.e. the solution is an intersection of three convex sets: 1) data fidelity (DF) set – the L2 norm of the difference of observed projections and those from the reconstructed image is no greater than an error bound; 2) non-negativity of image voxels (NN) set; and 3) piecewise constant (PC) set - the total variation (TV) of the reconstructed image is no greater than an upper bound. The solution can be found by applying projection onto convex sets (POCS) sequentially for these three convex sets. Specifically, the algebraic reconstruction technique and setting negative voxels as zero are used for projection onto the DF and NN sets, respectively, while the projection onto the PC set is achieved by solving a standard Rudin, Osher, and Fatemi (ROF) model. The proposed method is named as full sequential POCS (FS-POCS), which is tested using the Shepp-Logan phantom and the Catphan600 phantom and compared with two similar algorithms, TV-POCS and CP-TV. Results: Using the Shepp-Logan phantom, the root mean square error (RMSE) of reconstructed images changing along with the number of iterations is used as the convergence measurement. In general, FS- POCS converges faster than TV-POCS and CP-TV, especially with fewer projection views. FS-POCS can also achieve accurate reconstruction of cone-beam CT of the Catphan600 phantom using only 54 views, comparable to that of FDK using 364 views. Conclusion: We developed an efficient iterative reconstruction for sparse-view CT using full sequential POCS. The simulation and physical phantom data demonstrated the computational efficiency and effectiveness of FS-POCS

  16. An effective and low cost carbon based clean-up method for PCDD/Fs and PCBs analysis in food.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kedikoglou, Kleopatra; Costopoulou, Danae; Vassiliadou, Irene; Bakeas, Evangelos; Leondiadis, Leondios

    2018-09-01

    Sample preparation is of critical importance in dioxin analysis of food and feed samples. It is a complex procedure that includes lipid extraction followed by the application of chromatographic separation techniques, aiming in removing undesirable interferences from the matrix. The separation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) from polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is achieved by carbon-based materials which should have high fat capacity in order to be suitable for lipid-containing matrices. Automated methods are available but due to high cost and use of high amounts of solvents, manual methods are also applied. An active carbon material (Carbosphere) with high fat capacity that has been used in the past for manual methods is no longer commercially available. The present study assesses an alternative active carbon material, FU 4652, that can be used for the separation of PCDD/Fs and non-ortho PCBs. Mono-ortho and 6 non-dioxin-like PCBs are also analyzed. The method was validated according to the analytical criteria set in EU regulations 589/2014 and 709/2014. Control samples analyzed for the evaluation of the above material were olive oil reference samples spiked with PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs at two concentration levels. The new method was tested successfully on food samples of interlaboratory trials organized in previous years. Farmed fish samples collected within national surveillance programs for the years 2016-2017 were analyzed with the method developed. The results obtained indicate that the FU 4652 carbon sorbent has high fat capacity and is capable of separating congeners with good recoveries. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  17. EST Table: FS920882 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available DICTED: similar to BUB3 budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 3 [Tribolium castaneum] gb|EEZ97704.1| budding uninhibited by benzimida...|91091890|ref|XP_970295.1| PREDICTED: similar to BUB3 budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 3 [Tribolium castaneum] FS920882 fufe ... ...zoles 3 [Tribolium castaneum] 10/09/13 61 %/256 aa FBpp0282833|DpseGA20454-PA 10/08

  18. Confocal comparison of corneal reinnervation after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Meiyan Li

    Full Text Available PURPOSE: To evaluate corneal reinnervation, and the corresponding corneal sensitivity and keratocyte density after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK. METHODS: In this prospective, non-randomized observational study, 18 patients (32 eyes received SMILE surgery, and 22 patients (42 eyes received FS-LASIK surgery to correct myopia. The corneal subbasal nerve density and microscopic morphological changes in corneal architecture were evaluated by confocal microscopy prior to surgery and at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery. A correlation analysis was performed between subbasal corneal nerve density and the corresponding keratocyte density and corneal sensitivity. RESULTS: The decrease in subbasal nerve density was less severe in SMILE-treated eyes than in FS-LASIK-treated eyes at 1 week (P = 0.0147, 1 month (P = 0.0243, and 3 months (P = 0.0498, but no difference was detected at the 6-month visit (P = 0.5277. The subbasal nerve density correlated positively with central corneal sensitivity in both groups (r = 0.416, P<0.0001, and r = 0.2567, P = 0.0038 for SMILE group and FS-LASIK group, respectively. The SMILE-treated eyes have a lower risk of developing peripheral empty space with epithelial cells filling in (P = 0.0005. CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in subbasal nerve fiber density was less severe in the SMILE group than the FS-LASIK group in the first 3 months following the surgeries. The subbasal nerve density was correlated with central corneal sensitivity.

  19. SeaWiFS_L3b_8D_POC

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Aeronautics and Space Administration — The SeaWiFS instrument was launched by Orbital Sciences Corporation on the OrbView-2 (a.k.a. SeaStar) satellite in August 1997, and collected data from September...

  20. [fs-Lentotomy: presbyopia reversal by generating gliding planes inside the crystalline lens].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lubatschowski, H; Schumacher, S; Wegener, A; Fromm, M; Oberheide, U; Hoffmann, H; Gerten, G

    2009-12-01

    Based on the Helmholtz theory for accommodation, increasing sclerosis of the lens nucleus and cortex is the main cause for the development of presbyopia. Existing therapies, however, do not reverse the stiffness of the crystalline lens and thus do not regain real accommodation ability. A new approach to restore the flexibility of the lens has been realised by utilising the non-linear interaction of ultrafast laser pulses with transparent tissue, the so-called photodisruption. This process has been used to create micro-incisions which act as gliding planes inside the crystalline lens without opening the eye globe. This treatment method, known as fs-lentotomy, enables regeneration of real dynamic accommodation. For the first time, 3D structures for gliding planes were successfully generated in experiments with human donor lenses of different ages. An average increase in anterior-posterior lens thickness of 100 mum accompanied by a decrease of equatorial lens diameter was observed as a direct consequence of fs-lentotomy. This is attributed to the increased flexibility, as the force of the capsule bag moulds the lens tissue more spherically. Moreover, in vivo experiments on rabbit eye lenses did not induce an increasing opacification (cataract) over a six-month follow-up period. However, the incisions were still detectable using Scheimpflug imaging and histopathological techniques, although the visibility of the incisions was declining. Furthermore, no side effects were observed during the wound healing process and during a six-months follow-up period. Based on these findings fs-lentotomy might have the potential to become a procedure for the reversal of presbyopia. Copyright Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart . New York.

  1. Hybrid fs/ps CARS for Sooting and Particle-laden Flames

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hoffmeister, Kathryn N. Gabet; Guildenbecher, Daniel Robert; Kearney, Sean P.

    2015-12-01

    We report the application of ultrafast rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) for temperature and relative oxygen concentration measurements in the plume emanating from a burning aluminized ammonium perchlorate propellant strand. Combustion of these metal-based propellants is a particularly hostile environment for laserbased diagnostics, with intense background luminosity, scattering and beam obstruction from hot metal particles that can be as large as several hundred microns in diameter. CARS spectra that were previously obtained using nanosecond pulsed lasers in an aluminumparticle- seeded flame are examined and are determined to be severely impacted by nonresonant background, presumably as a result of the plasma formed by particulateenhanced laser-induced breakdown. Introduction of fs/ps laser pulses enables CARS detection at reduced pulse energies, decreasing the likelihood of breakdown, while simultaneously providing time-gated elimination of any nonresonant background interference. Temperature probability densities and temperature/oxygen correlations were constructed from ensembles of several thousand single-laser-shot measurements from the fs/ps rotational CARS measurement volume positioned within 3 mm or less of the burning propellant surface. Preliminary results in canonical flames are presented using a hybrid fs/ps vibrational CARS system to demonstrate our progress towards acquiring vibrational CARS measurements for more accurate temperatures in the very high temperature propellant burns.

  2. Trichoderma reesei FS10-C enhances phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil by Sedum plumbizincicola and associated soil microbial activities

    Science.gov (United States)

    Teng, Ying; Luo, Yang; Ma, Wenting; Zhu, Lingjia; Ren, Wenjie; Luo, Yongming; Christie, Peter; Li, Zhengao

    2015-01-01

    This study aimed to explore the effects of Trichoderma reesei FS10-C on the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil by the hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola and on soil fertility. The Cd tolerance of T. reesei FS10-C was characterized and then a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the growth and Cd uptake of S. plumbizincicola with the addition of inoculation agents in the presence and absence of T. reesei FS10-C. The results indicated that FS10-C possessed high Cd resistance (up to 300 mg L-1). All inoculation agents investigated enhanced plant shoot biomass by 6–53% of fresh weight and 16–61% of dry weight and Cd uptake by the shoots by 10–53% compared with the control. All inoculation agents also played critical roles in increasing soil microbial biomass and microbial activities (such as biomass C, dehydrogenase activity and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis activity). Two inoculation agents accompanied by FS10-C were also superior to the inoculation agents, indicating that T. reesei FS10-C was effective in enhancing both Cd phytoremediation by S. plumbizincicola and soil fertility. Furthermore, solid fermentation powder of FS10-C showed the greatest capacity to enhance plant growth, Cd uptake, nutrient release, microbial biomass and activities, as indicated by its superior ability to promote colonization by Trichoderma. The solid fermentation powder of FS10-C might serve as a suitable inoculation agent for T. reesei FS10-C to enhance both the phytoremediation efficiency of Cd-contaminated soil and soil fertility. PMID:26113858

  3. EST Table: FS895236 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available match repair)|GO:0030983(mismatched DNA binding) 10/09/28 68 %/141 aa ref|XP_001663861.1| DNA mismatch repair protein pms2... [Aedes aegypti] gb|EAT34048.1| DNA mismatch repair protein pms2 [Aedes aegypti] 10/09/12 62 %...1 %/140 aa gi|91079030|ref|XP_974934.1| PREDICTED: similar to DNA mismatch repair protein pms2 [Tribolium castaneum] FS895236 ftes ...

  4. EST Table: FS915741 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS915741 E_FL_fufe_36D23_F_0 10/09/28 88 %/287 aa ref|NP_001098702.1| nanos-like pr...otein [Bombyx mori] gb|ABS17681.1| nanos-like protein [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h NM_001105232 fufe ...

  5. EST Table: FS907852 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS907852 E_FL_fufe_12H06_F_0 10/09/28 92 %/258 aa ref|NP_001098702.1| nanos-like pr...otein [Bombyx mori] gb|ABS17681.1| nanos-like protein [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h NM_001105232 fufe ...

  6. EST Table: FS913382 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS913382 E_FL_fufe_29B08_F_0 10/09/28 87 %/287 aa ref|NP_001098702.1| nanos-like pr...otein [Bombyx mori] gb|ABS17681.1| nanos-like protein [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h NM_001105232 fufe ...

  7. EST Table: FS908536 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS908536 E_FL_fufe_14I01_F_0 10/09/28 93 %/263 aa ref|NP_001098702.1| nanos-like pr...otein [Bombyx mori] gb|ABS17681.1| nanos-like protein [Bombyx mori] 10/09/12 low homology 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 low homology 10/09/10 n.h NM_001105232 fufe ...

  8. Dry Eye Disease following Refractive Surgery: A 12-Month Follow-Up of SMILE versus FS-LASIK in High Myopia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bingjie Wang

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Purpose. To compare dry eye disease following SMILE versus FS-LASIK. Design. Prospective, nonrandomised, observational study. Patients. 90 patients undergoing refractive surgery for myopia were included. 47 eyes underwent SMILE and 43 eyes underwent FS-LASIK. Methods. Evaluation of dry eye disease was conducted preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, using the Salisbury Eye Evaluation Questionnaire (SEEQ and TBUT. Results. TBUT reduced following SMILE at 1 and 3 months (p<0.001 and at 1, 3, and 6 months following FS-LASIK (p<0.001. TBUT was greater following SMILE than FS-LASIK at 3, 6, and 12 months (p<0.001, p<0.001, and p=0.009, resp.. SEEQ scores increased (greater symptoms following SMILE at 1 month (p<0.001 and 3 months (p=0.003 and at 1, 3, and 6 months following FS-LASIK (p<0.001. SMILE produced lower SEEQ scores (fewer symptoms than FS-LASIK at 1, 3, and 6 months (p<0.001. Conclusion. SMILE produces less dry eye disease than FS-LASIK at 6 months postoperatively but demonstrates similar degrees of dry eye disease at 12 months.

  9. Spectral broadening of 25 fs laser pulses via self-phase modulation in a neon filled hollow core fibre

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Weichert, Stefan

    2017-05-15

    The goal of this work was the realisation of a setup for spectral broadening and subsequent compression of 25 fs laser pulses provided by a commercial Ti:Sapphire based CPA laser system by means of the hollow core fibre chirped mirror compressor technique. For the spectral broadening a vessel containing the hollow waveguide filled with a noble gas serving as the nonlinear medium was set up and an alignment procedure was developed. Neon was chosen as the nonlinear medium for the self-phase modulation of the pulses. With this setup spectral broadening, sufficient for supporting sub 5 fs pulses, was observed. The spectra at different input energies and neon gas pressures were measured and the stability of these and their respective Fourier transform-limited pulses determined in order to find an operating point. For the compression of the self-phase modulated pulses a chirped mirror compressor was designed and set up, but not tested yet. The layout of a single-shot intensity autocorrelator capable of estimating the pulse duration of sub 10 fs pulses was given.

  10. Spectral broadening of 25 fs laser pulses via self-phase modulation in a neon filled hollow core fibre

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Weichert, Stefan

    2017-05-01

    The goal of this work was the realisation of a setup for spectral broadening and subsequent compression of 25 fs laser pulses provided by a commercial Ti:Sapphire based CPA laser system by means of the hollow core fibre chirped mirror compressor technique. For the spectral broadening a vessel containing the hollow waveguide filled with a noble gas serving as the nonlinear medium was set up and an alignment procedure was developed. Neon was chosen as the nonlinear medium for the self-phase modulation of the pulses. With this setup spectral broadening, sufficient for supporting sub 5 fs pulses, was observed. The spectra at different input energies and neon gas pressures were measured and the stability of these and their respective Fourier transform-limited pulses determined in order to find an operating point. For the compression of the self-phase modulated pulses a chirped mirror compressor was designed and set up, but not tested yet. The layout of a single-shot intensity autocorrelator capable of estimating the pulse duration of sub 10 fs pulses was given.

  11. Dounreay: an alternative development

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Low, K.

    1990-01-01

    With the Government decision to phase out the Fast Reactor at Dounreay there is a need to find alternative employment in the area. Traditionally Caithness is an area of farming, fishing and tourism which could be damaged if Dounreay were to be made a nuclear waste repository. The suggestion is that Dounreay should become a centre for research, development and subsequent manufacture of renewable energy sources and devices to harness renewable energy. The Scottish coastline has potential for wind and wave power developments and this could lead to a whole industry in the future. (UK)

  12. Alternative energy development strategies for China towards 2030

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    Linwei MA; Zheng LI; Feng FU; Xiliang ZHANG; Weidou NI

    2009-01-01

    The purposes, objectives and technology path-ways for alternative energy development are discussed with the aim of reaching sustainable energy development in China. Special attention has been paid to alternative power and alternative vehicle fuels. Instead of limiting alternative energy to energy sources such as nuclear and renewable energy, the scope of discussion is extended to alternative technologies such as coal power with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), electric and hydrogen vehicles. In order to take account of the fact that China's sustainable energy development involves many dimen-sions, a six-dimensional indicator set has been established and applied with the aim of comprehensively evaluating different technology pathways in a uniform way. The ana-lysis reaches the following conclusions: (a) in the power sector, wind power, nuclear power and hydro power should be developed as much as possible, while R&D of solar power and coal power with CCS should be strengthened continuously for future deployment. (b) in the transporta-tion sector, there is no foreseeable silver bullet to replace oil on a large scale within the time frame of 20 to 30 years. To ease the severe energy security situation, expedient choices like coal derived fuels could be developed. However, its scale should be optimized in accordance to the trade-off of energy security benefits, production costs and environmental costs. Desirable alternative fuels (or technologies) like 2nd generation biofuels and electrical vehicles should be the subject of intensive R&D with the objective to be cost effective as early as possible.

  13. Evaluation of PCDD/Fs characterization in animal feed and feed additives.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, MeeKyung; Kim, Sooyeon; Yun, Seon Jong; Kwon, Jin-Wook; Son, Seong-Wan

    2007-09-01

    Safety control of feed and feed additives is necessary to have safe food of animal origin. Based on media reports, nine incidents regarding dioxins and/or PCBs contaminations occurred worldwide during the last decade. Korea is a country which imports feed and feed additives. In this study, various kinds of feed and feed additives were analyzed to monitor the contamination level of dioxins. The level of PCDD/Fs in fish oil was the highest with a concentration of 23.33ngkg(-1), which is equivalent to a toxicological concentration of 4.68ngWHO-TEQ/kg. Feed from animals origin such as chicken meal, animal fat, fish meal, fish oil, and shell powder showed relatively higher concentrations of PCDD/Fs. Feed from plants origin, minerals, and additives ranged from non-detects for bit pulp and ethoxyquin to 8.28ngkg(-1) for dl-methionine. From a toxicological point of view, the highest concentration in vitamins was 0.08ngWHO-TEQ/kg among the feed additives. 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF was the dominant congener in samples of fish oil, fish meal, and shell powder. Animal fat showed that the pattern of PCDD/Fs depends on the sources of contamination. A sample of animal fat showed 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF and the other sample showed 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD as a primary congener. Generally, low levels of PCDDs were detected in feed additives. Patterns of PCDD/Fs in choline chloride were different with that in choline chloride from an incident in Europe in 2000.

  14. Parametric generation of high-energy 14.5-fs light pulses at 1.5 mum.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nisoli, M; Stagira, S; De Silvestri, S; Svelto, O; Valiulis, G; Varanavicius, A

    1998-04-15

    High-energy light pulses that are tunable from 1.1 to 2.6 mum, with a duration as short as 14.5 fs were generated in a type II phase-matching beta-BaB(2)O(4) traveling-wave parametric converter pumped by 18-fs pulses obtained from a Ti:sapphire laser with chirped-pulse amplification, followed by a hollow-fiber compressor.

  15. Water absorption and biodegradation kinetics of highly filled EOC-FS biocomposites

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zykova, A. K.; Pantyukhov, P. V.; Platov, Yu. T.; Bobojonova, G. A.; Ramos, C. Chaverri; Popov, A. A.

    2017-12-01

    The paper analyzes the water absorption and biodegradation kinetics in highly filled biocomposites based on ethylene-octene copolymer (EOC) and oil flax straw (FS). It is shown that adding the filler to EOC increases the water absorption from 0 to 22%. The tendency can be explained both by the low interfacial adhesion of EOC to FS and by the hydrophilic nature of the filler. According to biodegradation tests (10 months), the mass of pure EOC remains unchanged, suggesting that it fails to biodegrade in the environment. Increasing the filler content increases the weight loss of the composites and the degree of microbiological contamination (fungi filaments, bacteria) as evidenced by optical microscopy.

  16. SeaWiFS Technical Report Series. Volume 42; Satellite Primary Productivity Data and Algorithm Development: A Science Plan for Mission to Planet Earth

    Science.gov (United States)

    Falkowski, Paul G.; Behrenfeld, Michael J.; Esaias, Wayne E.; Balch, William; Campbell, Janet W.; Iverson, Richard L.; Kiefer, Dale A.; Morel, Andre; Yoder, James A.; Hooker, Stanford B. (Editor); hide

    1998-01-01

    Two issues regarding primary productivity, as it pertains to the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) Program and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Mission to Planet Earth (MTPE) are presented in this volume. Chapter 1 describes the development of a science plan for deriving primary production for the world ocean using satellite measurements, by the Ocean Primary Productivity Working Group (OPPWG). Chapter 2 presents discussions by the same group, of algorithm classification, algorithm parameterization and data availability, algorithm testing and validation, and the benefits of a consensus primary productivity algorithm.

  17. SeaWiFS Postlaunch Calibration and Validation Analyses

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hooker, Stanford B. (Editor); Firestone, Elaine (Editor); McClain, Charles R.; Barnes, Robert A.; Eplee, Robert E., Jr.; Franz, Bryan A.; Hsu, N. Christina; Patt, Frederick S.; Pietras, Christophe M.; Robinson, Wayne D.

    2000-01-01

    The effort to resolve data quality issues and improve on the initial data evaluation methodologies of the SeaWiFS Project was an extensive one. These evaluations have resulted, to date, in three major reprocessings of the entire data set where each reprocessing addressed the data quality issues that could be identified up to the time of the reprocessing. Three volumes of the SeaWiFS Postlaunch Technical Report Series (Volumes 9, 10, and 11) are needed to document the improvements implemented since launch. Volume 10 continues the sequential presentation of postlaunch data analysis and algorithm descriptions begun in Volume 9. Chapter 1 of Volume 10 describes an absorbing aerosol index, similar to that produced by the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) Project, which is used to flag pixels contaminated by absorbing aerosols, such as, dust and smoke. Chapter 2 discusses the algorithm being used to remove SeaWiFS out-of-band radiance from the water-leaving radiances. Chapter 3 provides an itemization of all significant changes in the processing algorithms for each of the first three reprocessings. Chapter 4 shows the time series of global clear water and deep-water (depths greater than 1,000m) bio-optical and atmospheric properties (normalized water-leaving radiances, chlorophyll, atmospheric optical depth, etc.) based on the eight-day composites as a check on the sensor calibration stability. Chapter 5 examines the variation in the derived products with scan angle using high resolution data around Hawaii to test for residual scan modulation effects and atmospheric correction biases. Chapter 6 provides a methodology for evaluating the atmospheric correction algorithm and atmospheric derived products using ground-based observations. Similarly, Chapter 7 presents match-up comparisons of coincident satellite and in situ data to determine the accuracy of the water-leaving radiances, chlorophyll a, and K(490) products.

  18. EST Table: FS813939 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS813939 E_FL_fmgV_41L05_F_0 10/09/28 65 %/121 aa ref|NP_001136225.1| hypothetical ...protein LOC100216500 [Bombyx mori] gb|ACJ66918.1| hypothetical protein 39 [Bombyx mori] 10/09/09 n.h 10/08/29 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h 10/09/10 n.h AU001277 fmgV ...

  19. EST Table: FS873739 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS873739 E_FL_fner_51P23_R_0 10/09/28 100 %/172 aa ref|NP_001037572.1| translationa...pp0225303|DvirGJ10886-PA 10/08/29 44 %/180 aa F25H2.11#CE09656#WBGene00009122#locus:tct-1#TCTP protein#statu...s:Confirmed#UniProt:Q93573#protein_id:CAB02 099.1 10/09/10 73 %/172 aa AGAP002667

  20. 'Controllable dose'. Results and proposals from discussions within the German-Swiss radiation protection association (FS)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Brunner, H.H.

    2000-01-01

    The FS has translated the proposal by Roger Clarke into German and has published it both on its webpage and in its journal 'Strahlenschutz PRAXIS' 2/99 interesting discussions have taken place among members, within the Board and within Working Groups, and a workshop is planned for early 2000. Results of these discussions and some recommendations and suggestions for the development of the proposal will be presented. The spread of opinions is shown, but no attempt is yet made to develop a formal opinion or position of the FS on this matter. The FS is ready to co-operate in the further development of this topic and will deal with it also in its coming annual congresses. A fundamental question is, whether the new concept can become a mere addition to the existing concepts and recommendations, or whether ICRP will have to reconsider and renew the entire concept and fundamentals of radiation protection. One consequence might be to go all the way and stop to base the 'limits' on risk considerations. Risk as a term and as a concept is mostly misunderstood and misused. The new concept should not simply add a new quantity and unit to the too many already existing ones but reduce the number or quantities to the indispensable ones for application. Another problem which ICRP will have to manage in future recommendations independently of the fate of the Clarke proposal is to provide unequivocal and equivalent translations of any special terminology into the major languages (German, French, Spanish, Russian, Japanese, Chinese). Abolishing collective dose is welcomed. For special purposes such as comparing the radiation protection efficiency of specific tasks, the sum of individual doses should rather be called 'group dose' or 'team dose'. The coming discussions will also have to include proposals and guidance on how to implement a new or revised concept and how to make the transition to it. Therefore, once ICRP will have decided to proceed, a first draft of new Basic Safety

  1. High-power parametric amplification of 11.8-fs laser pulses with carrier-envelope phase control

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Zinkstok, R.T.; Witte, S.; Hogervorst, W.; Eikema, K.S.E.

    2005-01-01

    Phase-stable parametric chirped-pulse amplification of ultrashort pulses from a carrier-envelope phase-stabilized mode-locked Ti:sapphire oscillator (11.0 fs) to 0.25 mJ/pulse at 1 kHz is demonstrated. Compression with a grating compressor and a LCD shaper yields near-Fourier-limited 11.8-fs pulses

  2. High incidence of rainbow glare after femtosecond laser assisted-LASIK using the upgraded FS200 femtosecond laser.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Yu; Chen, Yue-Guo

    2018-03-05

    To compare the incidence of rainbow glare (RG) after femtosecond laser assisted-LASIK (FS-LASIK) using the upgraded FS200 femtosecond laser with different flap cut parameter settings. A consecutive series of 129 patients (255 eyes) who underwent FS-LASIK for correcting myopia and/or astigmatism using upgraded WaveLight FS200 femtosecond laser with the original settings was included in group A. Another consecutive series of 129 patients (255 eyes) who underwent FS-LASIK using upgraded WaveLight FS200 femtosecond laser with flap cut parameter settings changed (decreased pulse energy, spot and line separation) was included in group B. The incidence and fading time of RG, confocal microscopic image and postoperative clinical results were compared between the two groups. There were no differences between the two groups in age, baseline refraction, excimer laser ablation depth, postoperative uncorrected visual acuity and refraction. The incidence rate of RG in group A (35/255, 13.73%) was significantly higher than that in group B (4/255, 1.57%) (P  0.05).The confocal microscopic images showed wider laser spot spacing in group A than group B. The incidence of RG was significantly correlated with age and grouping (P laser with original flap cut parameter settings could increase the incidence of RG. The narrower grating size and lower pulse energy could ameliorate this side effect.

  3. UV-C irradiation of HSV-1 infected fibroblasts (HSV-FS) enhances human natural killer (NK) cell activity against these targets

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pettera, L.; Fitzgerald-Bocarsly, P.

    1991-01-01

    Expression of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) immediate early gene products has been bound to be sufficient for NK cell mediated lysis of HSV-1 infected FS. To block the targets at various stages in the infectious cycle, HSV-FS were irradiated with UV light for 1 min at 2, 6, and 20 hr post-infection. NK mediated lysis of 2 hr and 5 hr UV treated HSV-FS was 2-fold higher than non-UV treated HSV-FS despite a >99% inhibition in virus yield. In contrast, 20 hr infected targets were lysed less well than 2 and 6 hr targets despite strong glycoprotein expression and induction of high levels of interferon-alpha (IFN-α) production by effector PBMC's; this lysis was not enhanced by UV treatment. Since NK lysis of HSV-FS has been found to be dependent on an HLA-DR + accessory cell (AC), lysis of irradiated HSV-FS by PBMC's depleted of AC was measured. Such depletion eradicated NK lysis of the UV treated HSV-FS indicating that irradiation does not overcome the AC requirement for NK lysis. UV irradiation of another HLA-DR + dependent target, Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV) infected FS led to a dramatic reduction in both NK lysis and IFN-α induction. HSV-1 is a DNA virus whose genes are expressed in a cascade fashion whereas VSV is an RNA virus. The authors hypothesize that the enhancement in AC dependent NK activity observed for UV irradiated HSV-FS, but not VSV-FS, targets is due to overproduction of either a cellular or viral gene product which specifically occurs early in the HSV-1 infectious cycle and is downregulated by 20 hr post-infection

  4. EST Table: FS737333 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available FS737333 E_FL_bmmt_08I09_R_0 10/09/28 68 %/182 aa ref|NP_059479.1| ATP synthase F0 ...subunit 6 [Bombyx mori] gb|AAF73768.1|AF149768_12 ATPase 6 [Bombyx mori] gb|AAK85722.1| ATPase subunit 6 [Bo....1| ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [Bombyx mori] gb|ADE18460.1| ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 [Bombyx mori] gb|ADE18473

  5. EST Table: FS904516 [KAIKOcDNA[Archive

    Lifescience Database Archive (English)

    Full Text Available 1461 10/09/10 48 %/243 aa gnl|Amel|GB18846-PA 10/09/10 46 %/242 aa gi|91086187|ref|XP_971225.1| PREDICTED: similar to medulloblastoma...oblastoma antigen MU-MB-50.4 [Tribolium castaneum] gb|EFA06682.1| hypothetical prot...FS904516 E_FL_fufe_02D20_F_0 11/12/09 n.h 10/09/28 46 %/242 aa ref|XP_971225.1| PREDICTED: similar to medull

  6. FS laser processing of bio-polymer thin films for studying cell-to-substrate specific response

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Daskalova, A., E-mail: a_daskalova@code.bg [Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72, Tsarigradsko Chaussee Blvd., 1784 Sofia (Bulgaria); Nathala, Chandra S.R. [Institute of General Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8-10/134, A-1040 Wien (Austria); Spectra-Physics Vienna, Fernkorngasse 10, 1100 Wien (Austria); Kavatzikidou, P.; Ranella, A. [Institute for Electronic Structure and Lasers-FORTH, P.O. Box 1385, Vassilika Vouton, 711 10 Heraklion, Crete (Greece); Szoszkiewicz, R. [Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 141 Woloska Str., 02-507 Warsaw, Poland (Poland); Husinsky, W. [Institute of General Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8-10/134, A-1040 Wien (Austria); Fotakis, C. [Institute for Electronic Structure and Lasers-FORTH, P.O. Box 1385, Vassilika Vouton, 711 10 Heraklion, Crete (Greece)

    2016-09-30

    Highlights: • Systematic research in the field of fs laser interaction with biopolymers for application in tissue engineering. • Utilizing a new biopolymer blend of collagen/elastin material for studying the interaction process in the fs domain. • Obtaining of improved, circularly shaped, interconnected nanopores, with high reproducibility from collagen/elastin layer. • Observation of randomly arranged pattern outside modification zone due to formation of an impact wave over biofilm surface. • NIH/3T3 cell-interface interaction reveal a preferable cell migration on fs laser-modified surface array. - Abstract: The use of ultra-short pulses for nanoengineering of biomaterials opens up possibilities for biological, medical and tissue engineering applications. Structuring the surface of a biomaterial into arrays with micro- and nanoscale features and architectures, defines new roadmaps to innovative engineering of materials. Thin films of novel collagen/elastin composite and gelatin were irradiated by Ti:sapphire fs laser in air at central wavelength 800 nm, with pulse durations in the range of 30 fs. The size and shape as well as morphological forms occurring in the resulted areas of interaction were analyzed as a function of irradiation fluence and number of pulses by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The fs interaction regime allows generation of well defined micro porous surface arrays. In this study we examined a novel composite consisting of collagen and elastin in order to create a biodegradable matrix to serve as a biomimetic surface for cell attachment. Confocal microscopy images of modified zones reveal formation of surface fringe patterns with orientation direction alongside the area of interaction. Outside the crater rim a wave-like topography pattern is observed. Structured, on a nanometer scale, surface array is employed for cell-culture experiments for testing cell’s responses to substrate morphology. Mice fibroblasts migration was monitored

  7. FS laser processing of bio-polymer thin films for studying cell-to-substrate specific response

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Daskalova, A.; Nathala, Chandra S.R.; Kavatzikidou, P.; Ranella, A.; Szoszkiewicz, R.; Husinsky, W.; Fotakis, C.

    2016-01-01

    Highlights: • Systematic research in the field of fs laser interaction with biopolymers for application in tissue engineering. • Utilizing a new biopolymer blend of collagen/elastin material for studying the interaction process in the fs domain. • Obtaining of improved, circularly shaped, interconnected nanopores, with high reproducibility from collagen/elastin layer. • Observation of randomly arranged pattern outside modification zone due to formation of an impact wave over biofilm surface. • NIH/3T3 cell-interface interaction reveal a preferable cell migration on fs laser-modified surface array. - Abstract: The use of ultra-short pulses for nanoengineering of biomaterials opens up possibilities for biological, medical and tissue engineering applications. Structuring the surface of a biomaterial into arrays with micro- and nanoscale features and architectures, defines new roadmaps to innovative engineering of materials. Thin films of novel collagen/elastin composite and gelatin were irradiated by Ti:sapphire fs laser in air at central wavelength 800 nm, with pulse durations in the range of 30 fs. The size and shape as well as morphological forms occurring in the resulted areas of interaction were analyzed as a function of irradiation fluence and number of pulses by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The fs interaction regime allows generation of well defined micro porous surface arrays. In this study we examined a novel composite consisting of collagen and elastin in order to create a biodegradable matrix to serve as a biomimetic surface for cell attachment. Confocal microscopy images of modified zones reveal formation of surface fringe patterns with orientation direction alongside the area of interaction. Outside the crater rim a wave-like topography pattern is observed. Structured, on a nanometer scale, surface array is employed for cell-culture experiments for testing cell’s responses to substrate morphology. Mice fibroblasts migration was monitored

  8. SN 2013fs and SN 2013fr: exploring the circumstellar-material diversity in Type II supernovae

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bullivant, Christopher; Smith, Nathan; Williams, G. Grant; Mauerhan, Jon C.; Andrews, Jennifer E.; Fong, Wen-Fai; Bilinski, Christopher; Kilpatrick, Charles D.; Milne, Peter A.; Fox, Ori D.; Cenko, S. Bradley; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Zheng, WeiKang; Kelly, Patrick L.; Clubb, Kelsey I.

    2018-05-01

    We present photometry and spectroscopy of SN 2013fs and SN 2013fr in the first ˜100 d post-explosion. Both objects showed transient, relatively narrow H α emission lines characteristic of SNe IIn, but later resembled normal SNe II-P or SNe II-L, indicative of fleeting interaction with circumstellar material (CSM). SN 2013fs was discovered within 8 h of explosion; one of the earliest SNe discovered thus far. Its light curve exhibits a plateau, with spectra revealing strong CSM interaction at early times. It is a less luminous version of the transitional SN IIn PTF11iqb, further demonstrating a continuum of CSM interaction intensity between SNe II-P and SNe IIn. It requires dense CSM within 6.5 × 1014 cm of the progenitor, from a phase of advanced pre-SN mass loss beginning shortly before explosion. Spectropolarimetry of SN 2013fs shows little continuum polarization (˜0.5 per cent, consistent with zero), but noticeable line polarization during the plateau phase. SN 2013fr morphed from an SN IIn at early times to an SN II-L. After the first epoch, its narrow lines probably arose from host-galaxy emission, but the bright, narrow H α emission at early times may be intrinsic to the SN. As for SN 2013fs, this would point to a short-lived phase of strong CSM interaction if proven to be intrinsic, suggesting a continuum between SNe IIn and SNe II-L. It is a low-velocity SN II-L like SN 2009kr, but more luminous. SN 2013fr also developed an infrared excess at later times, due to warm CSM dust that requires a more sustained phase of strong pre-SN mass loss.

  9. Root colonization and growth promotion of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by phosphate solubilizing Enterobacter sp. Fs-11.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shahid, Muhammad; Hameed, Sohail; Imran, Asma; Ali, Saira; van Elsas, Jan Dirk

    2012-08-01

    An Enterobacter sp. Fs-11 was isolated from sunflower rhizosphere, identified on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis (GeneBank accession no. GQ179978) and studied for its root colonization and growth promotion ability in sunflower. Morphologically, it was rod shaped Gram-negative, motile bacterium, producing 4.5 μg mL(-1) indole acetic acid in tryptophan-supplemented medium. It utilized 27 out of 95 substrates in BIOLOG GN2 micro plate system. It was able to convert insoluble tri-calcium phosphate to soluble phosphorus up to 43.5 μg mL(-1) with decrease in pH of the medium up to 4.5 after 10 days incubation at 28 ± 2 °C in the Pikovskaya's broth. High performance liquid chromatography of cell free supernatant showed that Fs-11 produced malic acid and gluconic acid (2.43 and 16.64 μg mL(-1), respectively) in Pikovskaya's broth. Analysis of 900 bp fragment of pyrroloquinoline quinine pqqE gene sequence showed 98 % homology with that of E. cloacae pqqE gene. Confocal laser scanning microscope revealed strong colonization of fluorescently labeled Fs-11 with sunflower roots. Sunflower inoculation with Fs-11 and its rifampicin resistant derivative in sterile sand and natural soil showed that Fs-11 colonized sunflower roots up to 30 days after transplanting in both sterile sand as well as natural soil. Moreover, Fs-11 inoculation resulted in increased plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and total phosphorus contents as compared to un-inoculated plants. The data showed that Enterobacter sp. Fs-11 is an efficient phosphate solubilizing and plant growth promoting rhizobacterium and has great potential to be used as bio-inoculant for sunflower under phosphorus deficient conditions.

  10. Confocal comparison of corneal reinnervation after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Meiyan; Niu, Lingling; Qin, Bing; Zhou, Zimei; Ni, Katherine; Le, Qihua; Xiang, Jun; Wei, Anji; Ma, Weiping; Zhou, Xingtao

    2013-01-01

    To evaluate corneal reinnervation, and the corresponding corneal sensitivity and keratocyte density after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK). In this prospective, non-randomized observational study, 18 patients (32 eyes) received SMILE surgery, and 22 patients (42 eyes) received FS-LASIK surgery to correct myopia. The corneal subbasal nerve density and microscopic morphological changes in corneal architecture were evaluated by confocal microscopy prior to surgery and at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery. A correlation analysis was performed between subbasal corneal nerve density and the corresponding keratocyte density and corneal sensitivity. The decrease in subbasal nerve density was less severe in SMILE-treated eyes than in FS-LASIK-treated eyes at 1 week (P = 0.0147), 1 month (P = 0.0243), and 3 months (P = 0.0498), but no difference was detected at the 6-month visit (P = 0.5277). The subbasal nerve density correlated positively with central corneal sensitivity in both groups (r = 0.416, PLASIK group, respectively). The SMILE-treated eyes have a lower risk of developing peripheral empty space with epithelial cells filling in (P = 0.0005). The decrease in subbasal nerve fiber density was less severe in the SMILE group than the FS-LASIK group in the first 3 months following the surgeries. The subbasal nerve density was correlated with central corneal sensitivity.

  11. Generation of sub-100-fs Stokes pulses upon SRS in a barium nitrate crystal

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Konyashchenko, Aleksandr V; Losev, Leonid L; Tenyakov, S Yu

    2010-01-01

    72-fs pulses are generated at the first Stokes component frequency upon stimulated Raman scattering in a barium nitrate crystal for the radiation of the Ti 3+ :Al 2 O 3 laser with the pulse duration of 50 fs. The energy efficiency of conversion is 20%. The barium nitrate crystal was optically pumped by two consecutive orthogonally polarised chirped pulses with the following time compression of the Stokes radiation pulse. (nonlinear optical phenomena)

  12. Preemiad said Rein Raud, fs, Mart Kivastik

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2005-01-01

    Eesti Kultuurkapitali 2004. aasta kirjanduse aastapreemia laureaadid on: Rein Raud ("Hector ja Bernard"), fs (luulekogu "2004"), Mart Kivastik (näidend "Külmetava kunstniku portree"), Jaan Rannap ("Nelja nimega koer"), Toomas Haug ("Troojamäe tõotus"), Harald Rajamets (tõlkeluule kogumik "Pegasos ja peegel"), Antoine Chalvin ("Kalevipoja" tõlge prantsuse keelde"), Ilmar Talve ("Eesti kultuurilugu"), Lauri Sommer (artikkel Uku Masingu käsikirja "Saadik Magellani pilvest" vaimne, ajalis-ruumiline ja elulooline taust), Boris Tuch ("Gorjatshaja desjatka estonskihh pisatelei")

  13. A primary estimation of PCDD/Fs release reduction from non-wood pulp and paper industry in China based on the investigation of pulp bleaching with chlorine converting to chlorine dioxide.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xiao, Qingcong; Song, Xiaoqian; Li, Wenchao; Zhang, Yuanna; Wang, Hongchen

    2017-10-01

    Chlorine bleaching technology (C process, CEH process, H process and theirs combination), which was identified as a primary formation source of PCDD/Fs, is still widely used by the vast majority of Chinese non-wood pulp and paper mills (non-wood PMs). The purpose of this study was to provide information and data support for further eliminating dioxin for non-wood PMs in China, and especially to evaluate the PCDD/Fs release reduction for those mills converting their pulp bleaching processes from CEH to ECF. The PCDD/Fs concentrations of the bleached pulp and bleaching wastewater with ECF bleaching were in the ranges of 0.13-0.8 ng TEQ kg -1 , and 0.15-1.9 pg TEQ L -1 , respectively, which were far lower than those with CEH process, indicating that the ECF process is an effective alternative bleaching technology to replace CEH in Chinese non-wood PMs to reduce dioxin release. The release factor via flue gas of the alkali recovery boiler in Chinese non-wood PMs was first reported to be 0.092 μg TEQ Ad t -1 in this study. On the assumption that pulp bleaching processes of all Chinese non-wood PMs were converted from CEH to ECF, the annual release of PCDD/Fs via the bleaching wastewater and bleached pulp would be reduced by 79.1%, with a total of 1.60 g TEQ. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  14. Source, Managemnt and Quantification of Unintentional POPs (PCDDD/Fs) in Nepal

    Science.gov (United States)

    Charitra Sah, Ram

    2010-05-01

    The aim to prepare and present this paper is to highlight the source, management and quantification of the unintentional POPs in an unindustrialized least developing landlocked small country Nepal. The methodology adopted for this is the review of the relevant research documents and national initiative towards addressing this issues complemented with sharing of the first hand experience from the implementation of the POPs management activities undertaken by our organization. Nepal is a small country of size 147181 sq.km but having large sources of POPs including unintentional POPs (PCDD/Fs) mainly because of weak enforcement of the existing environment related laws, standards and international commitment including POPs Convention. Country became homes to about 75 tons of Obsolete Pesticide since last 30 years including about 44 percent (33 tons out of 75) are of known POPs. These obsolete pesticides including identified POPs have been poorly stored in some about 25 locations throughout the country. The major warehouse accommodating about 50 tons at Amlekhgunj has been located just in front of a high school where about 1000 children are being studying and found to have some health related problem due to the gasses emission from the warehouse as well as school playground field contaminated with these POPs pesticides. The playground soil contamination has been found from routine examination of the soil samples. In addition to pesticides including POPs were used in the agriculture and public health field in the past, there are several other practices as well as anthropogenic activities producing PCDD/Fs. The annual inventory of countrywide emission of unintentional POPs was estimated to be 312.55 g TEQ for Nepal (MOE 2004). This is very high for a country like Nepal least developing in terms of industrial and economy. This estimation was based on the UNEP Toolkit which has included the broad categories of waste such as waste incineration, ferrous and non ferrous metal

  15. SeaWiFS technical report series. Volume 26: Results of the SeaWiFS Data Analysis Round-Robin, July 1994 (DARR-1994)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hooker, Stanford B. (Editor); Firestone, Elaine R. (Editor); Siegel, David A.; Obrien, Margaret C.; Sorensen, Jen C.; Konnoff, Daniel A.; Brody, Eric A.; Mueller, James L.; Davis, Curtiss O.; Rhea, W. Joseph

    1995-01-01

    The accurate determination of upper ocean apparent optical properties (AOP's) is essential for the vicarious calibration of the sea-viewing wide field-of-view sensor (SeaWiFS) instrument and the validation of the derived data products. To evaluate the role that data analysis methods have upon values of derived AOP's, the first Data Analysis Round-Robin (DARR-94) workshop was sponsored by the SeaWiFS Project during 21-23 July, 1994. The focus of this intercomparison study was the estimation of the downwelling irradiance spectrum just beneath the sea surface, E(sub d)(0(sup -), lambda); the upwelling nadir radiance just beneath the sea surface, L(sub u)(0(sup -), lambda); and the vertical profile of the diffuse attenuation coefficient spectrum, K(sub d)(z, lambda). In the results reported here, different methodologies from four research groups were applied to an identical set of 10 spectroradiometry casts in order to evaluate the degree to which data analysis methods influence AOP estimation, and whether any general improvements can be made. The overall results of DARR-94 are presented in Chapter 1 and the individual methods of the four groups are presented in Chapters 2-5. The DARR-94 results do not show a clear winner among data analysis methods evaluated. It is apparent, however, that some degree of outlier rejection is required in order to accurately estimate L(sub u)(0(sup -), lambda) or E(sub d)(0(sup -), lambda). Furthermore, the calculation, evaluation and exploitation of confidence intervals for the AOP determinations needs to be explored. That is, the SeaWiFS calibration and validation problem should be recast in statistical terms where the in situ AOP values are statistical estimates with known confidence intervals.

  16. Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) vs. Femtosecond Laser in Situ Keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) for treatment of myopia

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hansen, Rasmus Søgaard; Lyhne, Niels; Justesen, Birgitte

    Purpose: - 67 ord LASIK has been the dominating corneal refractive procedure for almost two decades, but the new flap-free SMILE procedure has shown promising results. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare refractive predictability, uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA...... and CDVA), and safety at 1 day, 1 week and 3 months after SMILE and FS-LASIK for all degrees of myopia, but in particular high myopia. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark Methods: - 157 ord Retrospective study of results after SMILE and FS-LASIK for all degrees...... having undergone re-treatment. The SMILE treatments and FS-LASIK flaps were performed with a VisuMax® femtosecond laser (Carl Zeiss-Meditec, Jena, Germany). The FS-LASIK photoablation was performed with a MEL-80 flying-spot excimer laser with eye-tracker (Carl Zeiss-Meditec, Jena, Germany). In SMILE...

  17. Coulomb explosion of H2 induced by a sub-10 fs intense laser pulse

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Saugout, S.

    2006-12-01

    This work presents an experimental and theoretical study of the interaction of H2 with an intense sub-10 fs-laser pulse. The ejection of the two electrons of the molecule by the laser pulse leads to the fragmentation of the physical sys em in two protons. This process is called Coulomb Explosion. The electronic and nuclear dynamics can be analyzed by measuring the kinetic energy spectra as a function of different laser parameters. This dynamics is also analyzed through a non-perturbative, double active electron theoretical model, based on the resolution of the time dependent Schroedinger equation. In this model, the internuclear distance is treated as a quantum variable. The experimental and theoretical results enlight the translation of the kinetic energy spectra towards a higher energy when the pulse duration decreases. Experimentally, laser pulses from 40 to 10 fs were used and down to 1 fs using theoretical simulations. This study shows that, for laser pulses shorter than 4 fs, the carrier envelope phase becomes a crucial parameter. Furthermore, the molecular dynamics of H2 in intense laser field is sensitive to the peak intensity of the pulse. The experimental and theoretical results show that, as the intensity increases, the kinetic energy spectra are centered around a higher energy. In addition, the presence of two double ionization regimes is theoretically demonstrated for a pulse duration of 4 fs. The H 2 molecule is also sensitive to the temporal shape of the laser pulse. This sensitivity allows for the detection of pre- or post-pulses by measuring the experimental kinetic energy spectra. Finally, the different double ionization processes are studied. The results show that the electron rescattering influences the femtosecond nuclear dynamics. (author)

  18. SeaWiFS technical report series. Volume 32: Level-3 SeaWiFS data products. Spatial and temporal binning algorithms

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hooker, Stanford B. (Editor); Firestone, Elaine R. (Editor); Acker, James G. (Editor); Campbell, Janet W.; Blaisdell, John M.; Darzi, Michael

    1995-01-01

    The level-3 data products from the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) are statistical data sets derived from level-2 data. Each data set will be based on a fixed global grid of equal-area bins that are approximately 9 x 9 sq km. Statistics available for each bin include the sum and sum of squares of the natural logarithm of derived level-2 geophysical variables where sums are accumulated over a binning period. Operationally, products with binning periods of 1 day, 8 days, 1 month, and 1 year will be produced and archived. From these accumulated values and for each bin, estimates of the mean, standard deviation, median, and mode may be derived for each geophysical variable. This report contains two major parts: the first (Section 2) is intended as a users' guide for level-3 SeaWiFS data products. It contains an overview of level-0 to level-3 data processing, a discussion of important statistical considerations when using level-3 data, and details of how to use the level-3 data. The second part (Section 3) presents a comparative statistical study of several binning algorithms based on CZCS and moored fluorometer data. The operational binning algorithms were selected based on the results of this study.

  19. Steady-state chlorophyll fluorescence (Fs) as a tool to monitor plant heat and drought stress

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cendrero Mateo, M.; Carmo-Silva, A.; Salvucci, M.; Moran, S. M.; Hernandez, M.

    2012-12-01

    Crop yield decreases when photosynthesis is limited by heat or drought conditions. Yet farmers do not monitor crop photosynthesis because it is difficult to measure at the field scale in real time. Steady-state chlorophyll fluorescence (Fs) can be used at the field level as an indirect measure of photosynthetic activity in both healthy and physiologically-perturbed vegetation. In addition, Fs can be measured by satellite-based sensors on a regular basis over large agricultural regions. In this study, plants of Camelina sativa grown under controlled conditions were subjected to heat and drought stress. Gas exchange and Fs were measured simultaneously with a portable photosynthesis system under light limiting and saturating conditions. Results showed that Fs was directly correlated with net CO2 assimilation (A) and inversely correlated with non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Analysis of the relationship between Fs and Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) revealed significant differences between control and stressed plants that could be used to track the status, resilience, and recovery of photochemical processes. In summary, the results provide evidence that Fs measurements, even without normalization, are an easy means to monitor changes in plant photosynthesis, and therefore, provide a rapid assessment of plant stress to guide farmers in resource applications. Figure1. Net CO2 assimilation rate (A) of Camelina sativa plants under control conditions and after heat stress exposure for 1 or 3 days (1d-HS and 3d-HS, respectively) (right) and control, drought and re-watering conditions (left). Conditions for infra-red gas analysis were: reference CO2 = 380 μmol mol-1, PPFD = 500 μmol m-2 s-1 and Tleaf set to 25°C (control, drought and re-water) or 35°C (HS). Different letters denote significant differences at the α=0.05 level. Values are means±SEM (n=10). Figure 2. Stable chlorophyll fluorescence (Fs) of Camelina sativa plants under control conditions and

  20. Emission of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs from metallurgy industries in S. Korea.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yu, Byeong-Woon; Jin, Guang-Zhu; Moon, Young-Hoon; Kim, Min-Kwan; Kyoung, Jong-Dai; Chang, Yoon-Seok

    2006-01-01

    The metallurgy industry and municipal waste incinerators are considered the main sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in many countries. This study investigated the emission factors and total emissions of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) emitted from metallurgy industries (including ferrous and nonferrous foundries) in Korea. The toxic equivalency (TEQ) emission factor of PCDD/Fs was the highest for secondary copper production, at 24451 ng I-TEQ/ton. The total estimated emissions of PCDD/Fs from these sources were 35.259 g I-TEQ/yr, comprising 0.088 g I-TEQ/yr from ferrous foundries, 31.713 g I-TEQ/yr from copper production, 1.716 g I-TEQ/yr from lead production, 0.111 g I-TEQ/yr from zinc production, and 1.631 g I-TEQ/yr from aluminum production. The total estimated annual amounts of dioxin-like PCBs emitted from these sources were 13.260 g WHO-TEQ/yr, comprising 0.014 g WHO-TEQ/yr from ferrous foundries, 12.675 g WHO-TEQ/yr from copper production, 0.170 g WHO-TEQ/yr from lead production, 0.017 g WHO-TEQ/yr from zinc production, and 0.384 g WHO-TEQ/yr from aluminum production. The highest emission factor was found for secondary copper smelting, at 9770 ng WHO-TEQ/ton.

  1. Destruction kinetic of PCDDs/Fs in MSWI fly ash using microwave peroxide oxidation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chang, Yu-Min; Fang, Wen-Bin; Tsai, Kuo-Sheng; Kao, Jimmy C M; Lin, Kae-Long; Chen, Ching-Ho

    2015-01-01

    Microwave peroxide oxidation is a less greenhouse gas emission and energy-efficient technology to destroy toxic organic compounds in hazardous waste. The research novelty is to adopt the innovative microwave peroxide oxidation in H2SO4/HNO3 solution to efficiently destroy the polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs)/Fs in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash. The major objective of this paper is to study dynamic destruction of PCDDs/Fs using the microwave peroxide oxidation. Almost all PCDDs/Fs in the raw fly ash can be destructed in 120 min at a temperature of 423 K using the microwave peroxide oxidation treatment. It was found that the microwave peroxide oxidation provides the potential to destruct the PCDDs/Fs content in municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) fly ash to a low level as a function of treatment time. A useful kinetic correlation between destruction efficiency and treatment conditions is proposed on the basis of the experimental data obtained in this study. The significance of this work in terms of practical engineering applications is that the necessary minimum treatment time can be solved using a proposed graphic illustration method, by which the minimum treatment time is obtained if the desired destruction efficiency and treatment temperature are known. Because of inorganic salt dissolution, the temperature would be a critical factor facilitating the parts of fly ash dissolution. Material loss problem caused by the microwave peroxide oxidation and the effects of treatment time and temperature are also discussed in this paper.

  2. BiFS-based approaches to remote display for mobile thin clients

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mitrea, M.; Simoens, P.; Joveski, B.; Marshall, J.; Taguengayte, A.; Prêteux, F.; Dhoed, B.

    2009-08-01

    Under the framework of the FP-7 European MobiThin project, the present study addresses the issue of remote display representation for mobile thin client. The main issue is to design a compressing algorithm for heterogeneous content (text, graphics, image and video) with low-complex decoding. As a first step in this direction, we propose a novel software architecture, based on BiFS - Binary Format for Scenes (MPEG-4 Part 11). On the server side, the graphical content is parsed, converted and binary encoded into the BiFS format. This content is then streamed to the terminal, where it is played on a simple MPEG player. The viability of this solution is validated by comparing it to the most intensively used wired solutions, e.g. VNC - Virtual Network Computing.

  3. Active Noise Control Using Modified FsLMS and Hybrid PSOFF Algorithm

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ranjan Walia

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available Active noise control is an efficient technique for noise cancellation of the system, which has been defined in this paper with the aid of Modified Filtered-s Least Mean Square (MFsLMS algorithm. The Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization and Firefly (HPSOFF algorithm are used to identify the stability factor of the MFsLMS algorithm. The computational difficulty of the modified algorithm is reduced when compared with the original Filtered-s Least Mean Square (FsLMS algorithm. The noise sources are removed from the signal and it is compared with the existing FsLMS algorithm. The performance of the system is established with the normalized mean square error for two different types of noises. The proposed method has also been compared with the existing algorithms for the same purposes.

  4. Atmospheric correction of SeaWiFS ocean color imagery in the presence of absorbing aerosols off the Indian coast using a neuro-variational method

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brajard, J.; Moulin, C.; Thiria, S.

    2008-10-01

    This paper presents a comparison of the atmospheric correction accuracy between the standard sea-viewing wide field-of-view sensor (SeaWiFS) algorithm and the NeuroVaria algorithm for the ocean off the Indian coast in March 1999. NeuroVaria is a general method developed to retrieve aerosol optical properties and water-leaving reflectances for all types of aerosols, including absorbing ones. It has been applied to SeaWiFS images of March 1999, during an episode of transport of absorbing aerosols coming from pollutant sources in India. Water-leaving reflectances and aerosol optical thickness estimated by the two methods were extracted along a transect across the aerosol plume for three days. The comparison showed that NeuroVaria allows the retrieval of oceanic properties in the presence of absorbing aerosols with a better spatial and temporal stability than the standard SeaWiFS algorithm. NeuroVaria was then applied to the available SeaWiFS images over a two-week period. NeuroVaria algorithm retrieves ocean products for a larger number of pixels than the standard one and eliminates most of the discontinuities and artifacts associated with the standard algorithm in presence of absorbing aerosols.

  5. Hybrid fs/ps CARS for Sooting and Particle-laden Flames [PowerPoint

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hoffmeister, Kathryn N. Gabet; Guildenbecher, Daniel Robert; Kearney, Sean P.

    2016-01-01

    We report the application of ultrafast rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) for temperature and relative oxygen concentration measurements in the plume emanating from a burning aluminized ammonium perchlorate propellant strand. Combustion of these metal-based propellants is a particularly hostile environment for laserbased diagnostics, with intense background luminosity, scattering and beam obstruction from hot metal particles that can be as large as several hundred microns in diameter. CARS spectra that were previously obtained using nanosecond pulsed lasers in an aluminumparticle- seeded flame are examined and are determined to be severely impacted by nonresonant background, presumably as a result of the plasma formed by particulateenhanced laser-induced breakdown. Introduction of fs/ps laser pulses enables CARS detection at reduced pulse energies, decreasing the likelihood of breakdown, while simultaneously providing time-gated elimination of any nonresonant background interference. Temperature probability densities and temperature/oxygen correlations were constructed from ensembles of several thousand single-laser-shot measurements from the fs/ps rotational CARS measurement volume positioned within 3 mm or less of the burning propellant surface. Preliminary results in canonical flames are presented using a hybrid fs/ps vibrational CARS system to demonstrate our progress towards acquiring vibrational CARS measurements for more accurate temperatures in the very high temperature propellant burns.

  6. SeaWiFS_L3m_R32_PIC_9km

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Aeronautics and Space Administration — The SeaWiFS instrument was launched by Orbital Sciences Corporation on the OrbView-2 (a.k.a. SeaStar) satellite in August 1997, and collected data from September...

  7. Monitoring the long term stability of the IRS-P6 AWiFS sensor using the Sonoran and RVPN sites

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chander, Gyanesh; Sampath, Aparajithan; Angal, Amit; Choi, Taeyoung; Xiong, Xiaoxiong

    2010-10-01

    This paper focuses on radiometric and geometric assessment of the Indian Remote Sensing (IRS-P6) Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) sensor using the Sonoran desert and Railroad Valley Playa, Nevada (RVPN) ground sites. Imageto- Image (I2I) accuracy and relative band-to-band (B2B) accuracy were measured. I2I accuracy of the AWiFS imagery was assessed by measuring the imagery against Landsat Global Land Survey (GLS) 2000. The AWiFS images were typically registered to within one pixel to the GLS 2000 mosaic images. The B2B process used the same concepts as the I2I, except instead of a reference image and a search image; the individual bands of a multispectral image are tested against each other. The B2B results showed that all the AWiFS multispectral bands are registered to sub-pixel accuracy. Using the limited amount of scenes available over these ground sites, the reflective bands of AWiFS sensor indicate a long-term drift in the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance. Because of the limited availability of AWiFS scenes over these ground sites, a comprehensive evaluation of the radiometric stability using these sites is not possible. In order to overcome this limitation, a cross-comparison between AWiFS and Landsat 7 (L7) Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) was performed using image statistics based on large common areas observed by the sensors within 30 minutes. Regression curves and coefficients of determination for the TOA trends from these sensors were generated to quantify the uncertainty in these relationships and to provide an assessment of the calibration differences between these sensors.

  8. Chlorophyll-a, Orbview-2 SeaWiFS, 0.1 degrees, Global

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — NASA GSFC Ocean Color Web distributes science-quality chlorophyll-a concentration data from the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) on the Orbview-2...

  9. Experiment Operating Specification for the Semiscale MOD-2C feedwater and steam line break experiment series. Appendix S-FS-6 and 7

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Boucher, T.J.; Owca, W.A.

    1985-05-01

    This document is the Semiscale MOD-2C feedwater and steam line break experiment series Experiment Operating Specification Appendix for tests S-FS-6 and S-FS-7. Test S-FS-6 is the third test in the series and simulates a 100% break in a steam generator bottom feedwater line downstream of the check valve accompanied by compounding factors (such as check valve failure, loss-of-offsite power at SIS and SIS delayed until low steam generator pressure signal). The test is terminated after plant stabilization and recovery procedures including unaffected loop steam and feed, pressurizer heater operation, pressurizer auxiliary spray operation, and normal charging/letdown operation. Test S-FS-7 is the fourth test in the series and simulates a 14.3% break in a steam generator bottom feedwater line downstream of the check valve, accompanied by compounding factors. The test is terminated after plant stabilization procedures including unaffected loop steam and feed, pressurizer heater operation, and normal charging/letdown operation. The test was followed by an affected loop secondary refill after isolating the break. The Appendix contains information on the major fluid systems, initial experiment conditions, experiment boundary conditions, and sequence of experiment events. Also included is a discussion of the scaling criteria and philosophy used to develop the experiment initial and boundary conditions and system configuration

  10. All-PM monolithic fs Yb-fiber laser, dispersion-managed with all-solid photonic bandgap fiber

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Liu, Xiaomin; Lægsgaard, Jesper; Turchinovich, Dmitry

    2009-01-01

    All-in-fiber SESAM-modelocked self-starting fiber laser is demonstrated. Cavity dispersion is managed by a spliced-in PM all-solid photonic bandgap fiber. The laser directly delivers 1.25 nJ pulses of 280 fs duration.......All-in-fiber SESAM-modelocked self-starting fiber laser is demonstrated. Cavity dispersion is managed by a spliced-in PM all-solid photonic bandgap fiber. The laser directly delivers 1.25 nJ pulses of 280 fs duration....

  11. LIAD-fs: A novel method for studies of ultrafast processes in gas phase neutral biomolecules

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Calvert, C R; Kelly, O; Duffy, M J; Belshaw, L; King, R B; Williams, I D; Greenwood, J B

    2012-01-01

    A new experimental technique for femtosecond (fs) pulse studies of gas phase biomolecules is reported. Using Laser-Induced Acoustic Desorption (LIAD) to produce a plume of neutral molecules, a time-delayed fs pulse is employed for ionisation/fragmentation, with subsequent products extracted and mass analysed electrostatically. By varying critical laser pulse parameters, this technique can be used to implement control over molecular fragmentation for a range of small biomolecules, with specific studies of amino acids demonstrated.

  12. Dry Eye after Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) versus Femtosecond Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) for Myopia: A Meta-Analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shen, Zeren; Zhu, Yanan; Song, Xiaohui; Yan, Jie; Yao, Ke

    2016-01-01

    To compare dry eye after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK (FS-LASIK) for correcting myopia. CENTRAL, Embase and PubMed were searched in November 2016. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective cohorts that compared dry eye after SMILE with FS-LASIK were selected. Five cohorts and one RCT were identified for comparing dry eye after SMILE (291 eyes) and FS-LASIK (277 eyes). The pooled results revealed that the SMILE and FS-LASIK groups did not differ significantly in terms of Schirmer's I test (SIT) and tear film osmolarity (TFO) at any postoperative visits. By contrast, tear break up time (TBUT; p = 0.04 for one month, p LASIK group than in the SMILE group at follow-up. At six months postoperatively, TBUT and TFO values in both the SMILE and FS-LASIK groups and OSDI scores in the SMILE group returned to preoperative levels, but SIT values in both groups (p = 0.02 for the SMILE group and p LASIK group) and OSDI in the FS-LASIK group (p LASIK usually occurs transiently. SMILE does not show obvious superiority over FS-LASIK by exhibiting similar and acceptable objective parameters, and SMILE may have milder subjective symptoms.

  13. SeaWiFS technical report series. Volume 21: The heritage of SeaWiFS. A retrospective on the CZCS NIMBUS Experiment Team (NET) program

    Science.gov (United States)

    Acker, James G.; Hooker, Stanford B.; Firestone, Elaine R.

    1994-01-01

    The Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) mission is based on the scientific heritage of the Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS), a proof-of-concept instrument carried on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) NIMBUS-7 environmental satellite for the purpose of measuring upwelling radiance from the ocean surface. The CZCS mission provided the first observations of ocean color from space, and over the mission lifetime of 1978-1986, allowed oceanographers an initial opportunity to observe the variable patterns of global biological productivity. One of the key elements of the CZCS mission was the formation of the CZCS NIMBUS Experiment Team (NET), a group of optical physicists and biological oceanographers. The CZCS NET was designated to validate the accuracy of the CZCS radiometric measurements and to connect the instrument's measurements to standard measures of oceanic biological productivity and optical seawater clarity. In the period following the cessation of CZCS observations, some of the insight and experience gained by the CZCS NET activity has dissipated as several proposed follow-on sensors failed to achieve active status. The Sea WiFS mission will be the first dedicated orbital successor to CZCS it in turn precedes observations by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) of the Earth Observing System (EOS). Since the CZCS NET experience is an important model for Sea WiFS and MODIS surface truth efforts, this document is intended to provide a comprehensive review of the validation of oceanographic data for the first orbital ocean color sensor mission. This document also summarizes the history of the CZCS NET activities. The references listed in the Bibliography are a listing of published scientific research which relied upon the CZCS BET algorithms, or research which was conducted on the basis of CZCS mission elements.

  14. Prevention of PCDD/Fs emission from a municipal wastewater sludge incinerator through enhanced control of copper aerosol

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Peña, E.

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available Municipal wastewater sludge incineration (MWSI leads to products of incomplete combustion, including chlorinated species such as dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs. Other pollutants, such as heavy metals (HM, are released too as a consequence of feed traces, which depend on the specific activities of each area. The main aim of this work is to determine whether the early separation of the potential catalysts on the PCDD/Fs formation –HM as copper or zinc– offers a promising way to prevent the emission of these trace pollutants, considering that the current end-of-pipe measures don’t ensure their stable emission. Experimental results cover the size distributed target metal contents along the incineration line. These results show a high concentration of copper in the most penetrating aerosol size range of the electrostatic precipitator (0.6 μm - 1.0 μm, and how low emission values of both, total and metallic aerosol (mass basis, are compatible with irregular and unexplained outliers of PCDD/Fs emission.

    La incineración de lodos de aguas residuales urbanas acarrea la formación de compuestos derivados de combustiones incompletas, incluyendo especies cloradas como dioxinas y furanos (PCDD/Fs. Otros contaminantes, como metales pesados, se emiten como consecuencia de las trazas del lodo, las cuales dependen de las actividades del entorno. El objetivo principal es determinar si la separación de catalizadores potenciales en reacciones de formación de PCDD/Fs (cobre o zinc puede abrir vías para prevenir la emisión de contaminantes traza, considerando que ninguna de las técnicas de prevención actuales aseguran emisiones estables de metales pesados o PCDD/Fs. Se determinan concentraciones de metales pesados segregados por tamaño de partícula a lo largo de la línea de incineración. Los resultados muestran concentraciones elevadas de cobre en el aerosol de máxima penetración del electrofiltro (0,6 μm - 1,0 μm, y cómo concentraciones

  15. Passive motion paradigm: an alternative to optimal control.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mohan, Vishwanathan; Morasso, Pietro

    2011-01-01

    IN THE LAST YEARS, OPTIMAL CONTROL THEORY (OCT) HAS EMERGED AS THE LEADING APPROACH FOR INVESTIGATING NEURAL CONTROL OF MOVEMENT AND MOTOR COGNITION FOR TWO COMPLEMENTARY RESEARCH LINES: behavioral neuroscience and humanoid robotics. In both cases, there are general problems that need to be addressed, such as the "degrees of freedom (DoFs) problem," the common core of production, observation, reasoning, and learning of "actions." OCT, directly derived from engineering design techniques of control systems quantifies task goals as "cost functions" and uses the sophisticated formal tools of optimal control to obtain desired behavior (and predictions). We propose an alternative "softer" approach passive motion paradigm (PMP) that we believe is closer to the biomechanics and cybernetics of action. The basic idea is that actions (overt as well as covert) are the consequences of an internal simulation process that "animates" the body schema with the attractor dynamics of force fields induced by the goal and task-specific constraints. This internal simulation offers the brain a way to dynamically link motor redundancy with task-oriented constraints "at runtime," hence solving the "DoFs problem" without explicit kinematic inversion and cost function computation. We argue that the function of such computational machinery is not only restricted to shaping motor output during action execution but also to provide the self with information on the feasibility, consequence, understanding and meaning of "potential actions." In this sense, taking into account recent developments in neuroscience (motor imagery, simulation theory of covert actions, mirror neuron system) and in embodied robotics, PMP offers a novel framework for understanding motor cognition that goes beyond the engineering control paradigm provided by OCT. Therefore, the paper is at the same time a review of the PMP rationale, as a computational theory, and a perspective presentation of how to develop it for designing

  16. Development of exposure scenarios for CERCLA risk assessments at the Savannah River Site (U)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nix, D.W.; Immel, J.W.; Phifer, M.A.

    1992-01-01

    Environmental Restoration (ER) activities at the Savannah River Site (SRS) begin with the characterization of inactive hazardous, radioactive and mixed waste disposal areas by a combined Resource Conservation Recovery Act (RCRA) Facility Investigation (RFI)/Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) Remedial Investigation (Rl) followed by evaluation of remedial alternatives in a RCRA Corrective Measures Study (CMS)/CERCLA Feasibility Study (FS). A CERCLA Baseline Risk Assessment (BRA) is performed during the RFVRI characterization to determine if there are any potential risks to human health or the environment from the waste unit. If it is determined that there is need for remedial action, a Risk Evaluation of Remedial Alternatives (RERA) is performed as part of the CMS/FS to provide a basis for selecting a remedy that is protective of human health and the environment. The SRS has numerous waste units to evaluate in the RFI/RI and CMS/FS programs and, in order to provide a consistent approach, four standard exposure scenarios were developed for exposure assessments to be used in human health risk assessments. The standard exposure scenarios are divided into two temporal categories: (a) Current Land Use in the BRA, and (b) Future Land Use in the RERA. The Current Land Use scenarios consist of the evaluation of human health risk for Industrial Exposure (of a worker not involved in waste unit characterization or remediation), a Trespasser, a hypothetical current On-site Resident, and an Off-site Resident. The Future Land Use scenario considers exposure to an On-site Resident following termination of institutional control in the absence of any remedial action (No Action Alternative), as well as evaluating potential remedial alternatives against the four scenarios from the BRA. A critical facet in the development of a BRA or RERA is the seeping of exposure scenarios that reflect actual conditions at a waste unit, rather than using

  17. Signal-Pressure Curves of Cascaded Four-Wave Mixing in Gas-Filled Capillary by fs Pulses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chen Baozhen; Huang Zuqia

    2005-01-01

    The theoretical framework for the cascaded four waves mixing (CFWM) in gas-filled capillary by fs pulses is constructed. Based on the theoretical framework, the signal-pressure curves (SPC) of the CFWM in gas-filled capillary by fs pulses are calculated. With a comparison between the theoretical and experimental SPC we have discussed the influence of the walk-off and phase modulation on the SPC. At the same time, we have discussed the possible origin of the first three peaks of the SPC.

  18. Quality Assurance Plan for the Upper East Fork Poplar Creek Characterization Area, Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant, Oak Ridge, Tennessee

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1996-12-01

    This quality assurance plan summarizes requirements for conducting work on the Upper East 9 Fork Poplar Creek (UEFPC) Characterization Area (CA). The reader is referred to the Expanded Task Work Agreement for Upper East Fork Poplar Creek Characterization Area, Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS) for details regarding the activities, roles, and responsibilities summarized here. UEFPC is designated a Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) site and thus requires a remedial investigation (RI) and a feasibility study (FS). The RI objectives are to evaluate the nature and extent of known and suspected contaminates, to provide data to perform baseline ecological and human health risk assessments, and to support development and evaluation of remedial alternatives for the FS,. Existing data will be used as much as possible. Additional sampling may be required to fill data gaps. The goal of the RI is to prioritize the major sources of contaminants to exit pathways and to understand their characteristics for risk characterization and development of remedial alternatives. The FS objectives are to investigate technologies and develop and evaluate alternatives based on 2031 CERCLA guidance

  19. Nb-base FS-85 Alloy as a Candidate Structural Material for Space Reactor Applications: Effects of Thermal Aging

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Leonard, Keith J.; Busby, Jeremy T.; Hoelzer, David T.; Zinkle, Steven J.

    2009-01-01

    The proposed use of fission reactors for manned or deep space missions have typically relied on the potential use of refractory metal alloys as structural materials. Throughout the history of these programs, the lead candidate has been Nb-1Zr due to its good fabrication and welding characteristics. However, the less than optimal creep resistance of this alloy has encouraged interest in the more complex FS-85 (Nb-28Ta-10W-1Zr) alloy. Despite this interest, a relatively small database exists for the properties of FS-85. These gaps include potential microstructural instabilities that can lead to mechanical property degradation. In this work, changes in microstructure and mechanical properties of FS-85 were investigated following 1100 h of thermal aging at 1098, 1248 and 1398 K. The changes in electrical resistivity, hardness and tensile properties between the as-annealed and aged materials are compared. Evaluation of the microstructural changes was performed through optical, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The development of intragranular and grain boundary precipitation of Zr-rich compounds as a function of aging temperature was followed. Brittle tensile behavior was measured in the 1248 K aged material, while ductile behavior occurred in material aged above and below this temperature. The effect of temperature on the under and overaging of the grain boundary particles are believed to have contributed to the mechanical property behavior of the aged material

  20. Fs-laser processing of polydimethylsiloxane

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Atanasov, Petar A., E-mail: paatanas@ie.bas.bg; Nedyalkov, Nikolay N. [Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tsarigradsko Shose, Sofia 1784 (Bulgaria); Valova, Eugenia I.; Georgieva, Zhenya S.; Armyanov, Stefan A.; Kolev, Konstantin N. [Rostislaw Kaischew Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Block 11, Sofia 1113 (Bulgaria); Amoruso, Salvatore; Wang, Xuan; Bruzzese, Ricardo [CNR-SPIN, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli (Italy); Sawczak, Miroslaw; Śliwiński, Gerard [Photophysics Department, The Szewalski Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 14 Fiszera St, 80-231 Gdańsk (Poland)

    2014-07-14

    We present an experimental analysis on surface structuring of polydimethylsiloxane films with UV (263 nm) femtosecond laser pulses, in air. Laser processed areas are analyzed by optical microscopy, SEM, and μ-Raman spectroscopy. The laser-treated sample shows the formation of a randomly nanostructured surface morphology. μ-Raman spectra, carried out at both 514 and 785 nm excitation wavelengths, prior and after laser treatment allow evidencing the changes in the sample structure. The influence of the laser fluence on the surface morphology is studied. Finally, successful electro-less metallization of the laser-processed sample is achieved, even after several months from the laser-treatment contrary to previous observation with nanosecond pulses. Our findings address the effectiveness of fs-laser treatment and chemical metallization of polydimethylsiloxane films with perspective technological interest in micro-fabrication devices for MEMS and nano-electromechanical systems.

  1. Study on image quality and dosage comparison of F/S system and DR system

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, Sun Chil; Jung, Jae Eun

    2003-01-01

    Currently, many hospital are hastening to introduce digital radiography systems. This is a direct result of the intentions to improve medical services and to digitalized radiology information systems, and is also leading to the improvement of medical imaging technology. Throughout F/S system's long history, many people have researched the image quality and dosage concerning these systems, and as a result, huge improvements in the dosage of patients were possible. Similarly, I believe that DR systems need the same kind of effort. Of course, decreases in dosage that ignore image quality are unthinkable. The results of experiments conducted by five hospitals during a period of 3 months brought to us the conclusions listed below. Based on the comparison and analysis of the exposure control of F/S systems and DR systems, DR systems generally showed higher exposure control for parts of the phantom that became thicker, and the exposure control improved rapidly as the thickness increased. DR systems still proved to be somewhat deficient in resolution measurements compared to existing F/S systems. The image processing part of DR systems contributed much to these result. Under conditions used clinically, the dosage measurements of DR systems were generally higher regardless of region. According to the evaluation of image quality, DR systems showed a higher degree of satisfaction as the thickness of the region became thinner. As mentioned above and based on the mutual relationship experiments between the dosage and image quality of F/S systems and DR systems, research to increase the satisfaction of DR systems must be considered

  2. Plasmonic angular tunability of gold nanoparticles generated by fs laser ablation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Pace, M.L.; Guarnaccio, A.; Ranù, F. [CNR, ISM UOS Tito Scalo, Zona Industriale, Tito Scalo (PZ) 85050 (Italy); Trucchi, D. [CNR, ISM UOS Montelibretti, Via Salaria km 29.300, Monterotondo Scalo, (RM) 00015 (Italy); Orlando, S., E-mail: stefano.orlando@ism.cnr.it [CNR, ISM UOS Tito Scalo, Zona Industriale, Tito Scalo (PZ) 85050 (Italy); Mollica, D.; Parisi, G.P. [CNR, ISM UOS Tito Scalo, Zona Industriale, Tito Scalo (PZ) 85050 (Italy); Medici, L.; Lettino, A. [CNR, IMAA, Area della Ricerca di Potenza -Zona Industriale, Tito Scalo, (PZ) 85050 (Italy); De Bonis, A.; Teghil, R. [Dipart. di Scienze,Università della Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, Potenza, 85100 (Italy); Santagata, A. [CNR, ISM UOS Tito Scalo, Zona Industriale, Tito Scalo (PZ) 85050 (Italy)

    2016-06-30

    Highlights: • fs pulsed laser ablation as a technique to produce nanoparticles. • Nanoparticle distribution as an evidence for plasmonic tunable resonances. • Correlation between angular distribution of deposited nanoparticles and specific plasmonic resonances. - Abstract: With the aim to study the influence of deposition parameters on the plasmonic properties of gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) deposited by ultra-short ablation, we have focused our attention in evaluating how their size distribution can be varied. In this work, the role played by the NPs’ angular distribution, agglomeration and growth is related to the resulting optical properties. UV–vis-NIR absorption spectra together with Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy and X-ray microdiffraction observations are presented in order to show how the angular distribution of fs laser ablation and deposition of Au NPs provides different plasmonic properties which can be beneficial for several aims, from optoelectronic to biosensor applications.

  3. Regional to Global Assessments of Phytoplankton Dynamics From The SeaWiFS Mission

    Science.gov (United States)

    Siegel, David; Behrenfeld, Michael; Maritorena, Stephanie; McClain, Charles R.; Antoine, David; Bailey, Sean W.; Bontempi, Paula S.; Boss, Emmanuel S.; Dierssen, Heidi M.; Doney, Scott C.; hide

    2013-01-01

    Photosynthetic production of organic matter by microscopic oceanic phytoplankton fuels ocean ecosystems and contributes roughly half of the Earth's net primary production. For 13 years, the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) mission provided the first consistent, synoptic observations of global ocean ecosystems. Changes in the surface chlorophyll concentration, the primary biological property retrieved from SeaWiFS, have traditionally been used as a metric for phytoplankton abundance and its distribution largely reflects patterns in vertical nutrient transport. On regional to global scales, chlorophyll concentrations covary with sea surface temperature (SST) because SST changes reflect light and nutrient conditions. However, the oceanmay be too complex to be well characterized using a single index such as the chlorophyll concentration. A semi-analytical bio-optical algorithm is used to help interpret regional to global SeaWiFS chlorophyll observations from using three independent, well-validated ocean color data products; the chlorophyll a concentration, absorption by CDM and particulate backscattering. First, we show that observed long-term, global-scale trends in standard chlorophyll retrievals are likely compromised by coincident changes in CDM. Second, we partition the chlorophyll signal into a component due to phytoplankton biomass changes and a component caused by physiological adjustments in intracellular chlorophyll concentrations to changes in mixed layer light levels. We show that biomass changes dominate chlorophyll signals for the high latitude seas and where persistent vertical upwelling is known to occur, while physiological processes dominate chlorophyll variability over much of the tropical and subtropical oceans. The SeaWiFS data set demonstrates complexity in the interpretation of changes in regional to global phytoplankton distributions and illustrates limitations for the assessment of phytoplankton dynamics using chlorophyll

  4. Emissions of PCDD/Fs in flue gas from a medical waste incinerator in Shanghai

    Science.gov (United States)

    He, Jiao; Liu, Tao; Qiang, Ning; Li, Zhaohai; Cao, Yiqi; Xie, Li; Zhao, Yuanchen

    2017-12-01

    Emission characteristics of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and 17 congeners from a medical waste incineration plants in Shanghai, China were investigated. Results showed that the dioxin concentration ranged from 5.0 to 23.3ng I-TEQ (Toxic Equivalent Quantity) Nm-3 under normal combustion concentration. The high dioxin incidence area was found in the boiler outlet and the bag filter inlet, and over 95% of the dioxins were present in the gaseous state. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) accounted for a higher proportion of the total amount of PCDD/Fs than polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs).

  5. PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in the Tone River, Japan

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Watanabe, Eiki; Heesoo, Eun; Koji, Baba; Tomohito, Arao; Shozo, Endo [National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba (Japan); Tadashi, Sekino [Environmental Research Center, Tsukuba (Japan)

    2004-09-15

    Environmental pollution by PCDD/Fs has arisen exclusively from human activities, and for example, they are inadvertently produced from various combustion sources and manufacturing processes, such as municipal solid waste incineration steel production processes and chemical production processes. In Japan, it is well known that the environmental pollution has close relation to agricultural operation, that is, some PCDD/Fs are contained as impurities in a kind of pesticide. The Tone River is the largest basin area (about 16,900 km{sup 2}) in Japan, and after the Shinano River, is the second longest river (about 322 km). The river has many tributaries (about 800 rivers), and the rivers taking the Kokai River, the Kinu River, the Edo River, and the Watarase River as objects of the present study are also representative tributaries. Since the Tone River basin corresponding to about 4.5% of the total area of Japan leads about twelve million population corresponding to about 10% of the gross population in Japan, it plays an important part in a supply of water for human activities. Not only some residential zones near Tokyo and industrial zones but also representative agricultural zones in Japan expand in the basin expands, and especially the lower basin leads a leading granary. The objective of our effort is to investigate the levels of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in surface sediment and water samples from the Tone River and some related tributaries, and to assess their distribution and origin using congener-specific characterization approach.

  6. Modelling and optimisation of fs laser-produced K (alpha) sources

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Gibbon, P.; Mašek, Martin; Teubner, U.; Lu, W.; Nicoul, M.; Shymanovich, U.; Tarasevitch, A.; Zhou, P.; Sokolowski-Tinten, K.; von der Linde, D.

    2009-01-01

    Roč. 96, č. 1 (2009), 23-31 ISSN 0947-8396 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) LC528 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10100523 Keywords : fs laser-plasma interaction * K (alpha) sources * 3D numerical modelling Subject RIV: BL - Plasma and Gas Discharge Physics Impact factor: 1.595, year: 2009

  7. Environmental quality indexing of large industrial development alternatives using AHP

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Solnes, Julius

    2003-01-01

    Two industrial development alternatives have been proposed for the East Coast of Iceland in order to strengthen its socio-economic basis. The favoured option is to build a large aluminium smelter, which requires massive hydropower development in the nearby highlands. Another viable option is the construction of a 6-million-ton oil refinery, following the planned exploitation of the Timan Pechora oil reserves in the Russian Arctic. A third 'fictitious' alternative could be general development of existing regional industry and new knowledge-based industries, development of ecotourism, establishment of national parks, accompanied by infrastructure improvement (roads, tunnels, communications, schools, etc.). The three alternatives will have different environmental consequences. The controversial hydropower plant for the smelter requires a large water reservoir as well as considerable land disturbance in this unique mountain territory, considered to be the largest uninhabited wilderness in Western Europe. The aluminium smelter and the oil refinery will give rise to substantial increase of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the country (about 20%). Then there is potential environmental risk associated with the refinery regarding oil spills at sea, which could have disastrous impact on the fisheries industry. However, the oil refinery does not require any hydropower development, which is a positive factor. Finally, the third alternative could be defined as a ''green'' solution whereby the detrimental environmental consequences of the two industrial solutions are mostly avoided. In order to compare the three alternatives in an orderly manner, the analytic hierarchy process methodology of Saaty was applied to calculate the environmental quality index of each alternative, which is defined as a weighted sum of selected environmental and socio-economic factors. These factors are evaluated on a comparison basis, applying the AHP methodology, and the weights in the quality

  8. Dry Eye Disease following Refractive Surgery: A 12-Month Follow-Up of SMILE versus FS-LASIK in High Myopia

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Bingjie; Chu, Renyuan; Dai, Jinhui; Qu, Xiaomei; Zhou, Hao

    2015-01-01

    Purpose. To compare dry eye disease following SMILE versus FS-LASIK. Design. Prospective, nonrandomised, observational study. Patients. 90 patients undergoing refractive surgery for myopia were included. 47 eyes underwent SMILE and 43 eyes underwent FS-LASIK. Methods. Evaluation of dry eye disease was conducted preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, using the Salisbury Eye Evaluation Questionnaire (SEEQ) and TBUT. Results. TBUT reduced following SMILE at 1 and 3 months (p dry eye disease than FS-LASIK at 6 months postoperatively but demonstrates similar degrees of dry eye disease at 12 months. PMID:26649190

  9. Seasonal and particle size-dependent variations in gas/particle partitioning of PCDD/Fs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lee, Se-Jin; Ale, Debaki; Chang, Yoon-Seok; Oh, Jeong-Eun; Shin, Sun Kyoung

    2008-01-01

    This study monitored particle size-dependent variations in atmospheric polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). Two gas/particle partitioning models, the subcooled liquid vapor pressure (P L 0 ) and the octanol-air partition coefficient (K OA ) model, were applied to each particle sizes. The regression coefficients of each fraction against the gas/particle partition coefficient (K P ) were similar for separated particles within the same sample set but differed for particles collected during different periods. Gas/particle partitioning calculated from the integral of fractions was similar to that of size-segregated particles and previously measured bulk values. Despite the different behaviors and production mechanisms of atmospheric particles of different sizes, PCDD/F partitioning of each size range was controlled by meteorological conditions such as atmospheric temperature, O 3 and UV, which reflects no source related with certain particle size ranges but mixed urban sources within this city. Our observations emphasize that when assessing environmental and health effects, the movement of PCDD/Fs in air should be considered in conjunction with particle size in addition to the bulk aerosol. - Gas/particle partitioning of atmospheric PCDD/Fs for different particle sizes reflects the impacts of emitters of different size ranges

  10. SeaWiFS_L3m_MO_CHL_chlor_a_9km

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Aeronautics and Space Administration — The SeaWiFS instrument was launched by Orbital Sciences Corporation on the OrbView-2 (a.k.a. SeaStar) satellite in August 1997, and collected data from September...

  11. Mass balance and long-term fate of PCDD/Fs in a lagoon sediment and paddy soil, Niigata, Japan

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sakai, Mizuki [National Institute for Agro-Environmental Science, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604 (Japan)], E-mail: mizukis@affrc.go.jp; Seike, Nobuyasu [National Institute for Agro-Environmental Science, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604 (Japan)], E-mail: seike@niaes.affrc.go.jp; Kobayashi, Jun [National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506 (Japan)], E-mail: kobayashi.jun@nies.go.jp; Kajihara, Hideo [National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569 (Japan)], E-mail: kajihara.hideo@aist.go.jp; Takahashi, Yukio [Academic Assembly Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata City 950-2181 (Japan)], E-mail: yukitak@eng.niigata-u.ac.jp

    2008-12-15

    Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in a sediment core and in samples of surface sediment and paddy soil collected from the Toyano lagoon and Kameda basin in Niigata, Japan, were analyzed to elucidate the temporal trends of their concentrations in the lagoon sediment and the relationship between the sediment and the paddy soil. The mass balance of these pollutants was also estimated to determine their long-term fate in surface waters. An analysis by chemical mass balance identified the agrochemicals pentachlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl 4-nitrophenyl ether as the major sources of PCDD/Fs. On the basis of the findings regarding the mass balance in the Kameda basin over the last 40 years, we estimate that more than half the input of PCDD/Fs to the Kameda basin has disappeared. We suggest that the PCDD/Fs that flowed out from the paddy fields have been transferred to the lower basin. - The long-term mass balance of PCDD/Fs in sediments from paddy soil is elucidated.

  12. SeaWiFS data from oceanic waters around New Zealand: Validation and applications

    Science.gov (United States)

    Richardson, K.; Boyd, P.; Gall, M.; Pinkerton, M.

    Satellite observations of ocean colour are the only realistic way to measure phytoplankton abundance at regional and global scales. NASA's Sea-viewing Wide Field -o f-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) began operation in September 1997 and is still providing data today. The data are of particular value to New Zealand, which has the fourth largest Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in the world (some 4 million km2 ). Analysis of moderate resolution (9 km) SeaWiFS monthly Standard Mapped Images has substantially increased knowledge of the dynamics of chlorophyll concentrations around New Zealand. SeaWiFS data over nearly three years shows that northern New Zealand Subtropical and Tasman Sea waters follow a classical cycle of spring and autumn chlorophyll blooms consistent with production being co-limited by nitrate and light. Subantarctic Waters south of New Zealand had a low-magnitude annual cycle of chlorophyll abundance that peaked in early autumn, consistent with production being principally iron-limited. Chlorophyll was generally highest in the Subtropical Front either side of New Zealand where Subtropical and Subantarctic waters mix. NIWA (National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research) has been receiving and processing high resolution (1.1 km) SeaWiFS data for the NZ region since May 2000. In addition to this, extensive bio-optical data from a number of NIWA cruises are being used to validate the satellite data and assess the accuracy of the ocean products in New Zealand open ocean and coastal waters. The performance of the SeaWiFS chlorophyll-a algorithm (OC4v4) has been investigated by comparing high-precision in situ measurements of the underwater radiation field with measurements of phytoplankton pigment concentration. Analyses of these results suggest that the algorithm may be performing well in the open ocean for chlorophyll- a concentrations below 0.3-0.4 mg m-3 but overestimating by a factor of two or more at higher concentrations. NIWA believes that ocean colour

  13. SeaWiFS Deep Blue Aerosol Optical Thickness Monthly Level 3 Climatology Data Gridded at 0.5 Degrees V004

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Aeronautics and Space Administration — The SeaWiFS Deep Blue Level 3 Monthly Climatology Product contains monthly global climatology gridded (0.5 x 0.5 deg) data derived from SeaWiFS Deep Blue Level 3...

  14. PCBs and PCDD/Fs distribution in tissues and organs of marine animals in Russian Arctic

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Amirova, Z.; Kruglov, E.; Loshkina, E.; Khalilov, R. [Environmental Research and Protection Centre, Ufa (Russian Federation); Melnikov, S.; Vlasov, S. [Regional Centre Monitoring of the Arctic, St. Petersburg (Russian Federation)

    2004-09-15

    Studies of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Russian Arctic were conducted recently by a Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP) project. This project developed new data on the POPs pollution levels in the environment and biosphere, including PCBs and PCDD/Fs, in arctic regions of Russia. Transboundary transport and biomagnification within food chains in arctic regions result in POPs accumulation in tissues of fish and marine animals. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of indicator PCBs, co-planar PCBs and PCDD/Fs in different tissues and organs of seals, walruses and whales caught near the seashore of Chukotski Peninsula (settlement of Lavrenty), Russia, to determine the background level of arctic biota pollution and to study distribution of toxicants in organisms of marine animals. Sampling was made in the course of the 1{sup st} and the 2{sup nd} stages of the 4{sup th} phase of Raipon/AMAP/GEF project ''Persistent Toxic Substances (PTS), Food Security and Indigenous Peoples of the Russian North'' in 2002 by researchers of the Regional Center for Monitoring of the Arctic (RCMA), St. Petersburg, Russia.

  15. Chlorophyll-a, Orbview-2 SeaWiFS, 0.0125 degrees, West US

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — NOAA CoastWatch distributes chlorophyll-a concentration images from the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) on the Orbview-2 satellite. Because data is...

  16. Acute and subchronic toxicity studies of the original drug FS-1

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Assem Kalykova

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Interest in iodine complexes has increased significantly in recent years because of their wide spectrum of biological activity. The FS-1 is an ion nanostructured complex formed by proteins and/or polypeptides, carbohydrates, salts of alkali and alkaline earth metals with intercalated iodine. Patented in 2014, it is intended for the treatment of infectious diseases of bacterial origin including nosocomial infections and multidrug resistant tuberculosis. The aim of the study was to determine its acute and subchronic toxicity. The study of acute and subchronic toxicity was performed on adult Wistar rats according to OECD guidelines. The data on acute toxicity showed LD50 > 2,000 mg/kg after a single intragastric administration. Twenty-eight days of FS-1 administration at a dose of 500 mg/kg resulted in toxic effects. At a dose of 250 mg/kg, the toxic effects were temporary and a return to normal followed after the recovery period. Doses of 100 mg/kg had no adverse effects on the rats.

  17. MarFS-Requirements-Design-Configuration-Admin

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kettering, Brett Michael [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Grider, Gary Alan [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

    2015-07-08

    This document will be organized into sections that are defined by the requirements for a file system that presents a near-POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface) interface to the user, but whose data is stored in whatever form is most efficient for the type of data being stored. After defining the requirement the design for meeting the requirement will be explained. Finally there will be sections on configuring and administering this file system. More and more, data dominates the computing world. There is a “sea” of data out there in many different formats that needs to be managed and used. “Mar” means “sea” in Spanish. Thus, this product is dubbed MarFS, a file system for a sea of data.

  18. Three-dimensional LASIK flap thickness variability: topographic central, paracentral and peripheral assessment, in flaps created by a mechanical microkeratome (M2 and two different femtosecond lasers (FS60 and FS200

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kanellopoulos AJ

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available A John Kanellopoulos,1,2 George Asimellis1 1Laservision.gr Institute, Athens, Greece; 2NYU Medical School, New York, USA Purpose: To evaluate programmed versus achieved laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK flap central thickness and investigate topographic flap thickness variability, as well as the effect of potential epithelial remodeling interference on flap thickness variability. Patients and methods: Flap thickness was investigated in 110 eyes that had had bilateral myopic LASIK several years ago (average 4.5 ± 2.7 years; range 2–7 years. Three age-matched study groups were formed, based on the method of primary flap creation: Group A (flaps made by the Moria Surgical M2 microkeratome [Antony, France], Group B (flaps made by the Abbott Medical Optics IntraLase™ FS60 femtosecond laser [Santa Ana, CA, USA], and Group C (flaps made by the Alcon WaveLight® FS200 femtosecond laser [Fort Worth, TX, USA]. Whole-cornea topographic maps of flap and epithelial thickness were obtained by scanning high-frequency ultrasound biomicroscopy. On each eye, topographic flap and epithelial thickness variability was computed by the standard deviation of thickness corresponding to 21 equally spaced points over the entire corneal area imaged. Results: The average central flap thickness for each group was 138.33 ± 12.38 µm (mean ± standard deviation in Group A, 128.46 ± 5.72 µm in Group B, and 122.00 ± 5.64 µm in Group C. Topographic flap thickness variability was 9.73 ± 4.93 µm for Group A, 8.48 ± 4.23 µm for Group B, and 4.84 ± 1.88 µm for Group C. The smaller topographic flap thickness variability of Group C (FS200 was statistically significant compared with that of Group A (M2 (P = 0.004, indicating improved topographic flap thickness consistency – that is, improved precision – over the entire flap area affected. Conclusions: The two femtosecond lasers produced a smaller flap thickness and reduced variability than the mechanical

  19. The SeaDAS Processing and Analysis System: SeaWiFS, MODIS, and Beyond

    Science.gov (United States)

    MacDonald, M. D.; Ruebens, M.; Wang, L.; Franz, B. A.

    2005-12-01

    The SeaWiFS Data Analysis System (SeaDAS) is a comprehensive software package for the processing, display, and analysis of ocean data from a variety of satellite sensors. Continuous development and user support by programmers and scientists for more than a decade has helped to make SeaDAS the most widely used software package in the world for ocean color applications, with a growing base of users from the land and sea surface temperature community. Full processing support for past (CZCS, OCTS, MOS) and present (SeaWiFS, MODIS) sensors, and anticipated support for future missions such as NPP/VIIRS, enables end users to reproduce the standard ocean archive product suite distributed by NASA's Ocean Biology Processing Group (OBPG), as well as a variety of evaluation and intermediate ocean, land, and atmospheric products. Availability of the processing algorithm source codes and a software build environment also provide users with the tools to implement custom algorithms. Recent SeaDAS enhancements include synchronization of MODIS processing with the latest code and calibration updates from the MODIS Calibration Support Team (MCST), support for all levels of MODIS processing including Direct Broadcast, a port to the Macintosh OS X operating system, release of the display/analysis-only SeaDAS-Lite, and an extremely active web-based user support forum.

  20. Influence of organic and inorganic flocculants on the formation of PCDD/Fs during sewage sludge incineration.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lin, Xiaoqing; Li, Xiaodong; Lu, Shengyong; Wang, Fei; Chen, Tong; Yan, Jianhua

    2015-10-01

    Flocculants are widely used to improve the properties of sludge dewatering in industrial wastewater treatment. However, there have been no studies conducted on the influence of flocculants on the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) during sewage sludge incineration. This paper selected three typical kinds of flocculants, including polyacrylamide (PAM), poly-ferric chloride (PFC), and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) flocculant, to study their influences on the formation of PCDD/Fs during sewage sludge incineration. The results indicated that PAM flocculant, which is an organic flocculant, inhibited the formation of PCDD/Fs in sewage sludge incineration, while inorganic flocculant, such as PFC and PAC flocculant, promoted the formation. The most probable explanation is that the amino content in the PAM flocculant acted as an inhibitor in the formation of PCDD/Fs, while the chlorine content, especially the metal catalyst in the PFC and PAC flocculants, increased the formation rate. The addition of flocculants nearly did not change the distribution of PCDD/F homologues. The PCDFs contributed the most toxic equivalent (TEQ) value, especially 2, 3, 4, 7, 8-PeCDF. Therefore, the use of inorganic flocculants in industrial wastewater treatment should be further assessed and possibly needs to be strictly regulated if the sludge is incinerated. From this aspect, a priority to the use of organic flocculants should be given.

  1. Faster simulations with a 5 fs timestep for lipids in the CHARMM forcefield

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Olesen, Karina; Awasthi, Neha; Bruhn, Dennis Skjøth

    2018-01-01

    The performance of all-atom molecular dynamics simulations is limited by an integration timestep of 2 femtoseconds (fs), which is needed to resolve the fastest degrees of freedom in the system, namely, the vibration of bonds and angles involving hydrogen atoms. The Virtual Interaction Sites (VIS...... gain for all atom simulations of membranes. The method has the potential to make longer time and length scales accessible in all-atom simulations of membrane-protein complexes....... by increasing the hydrogen atom masses at regular intervals in the lipid acyl chains, and obtained lipid properties and pore formation free energies in very good agreement with those calculated in simulations without VIS. Our modified VIS scheme enables a 5 fs timestep resulting in a significant performance...

  2. Development of Teachers’ Alternative Certification in the USA

    OpenAIRE

    Pazyura Natalia

    2015-01-01

    The article reveals the prerequisites of appearance of alternative ways to train teachers in the USA at the end of the XX century as main mechanisms to increase qualitative and quantitative characteristics of teaching staff. The author concentrates the attention on the advantages and disadvantages of non-traditional ways to acquire teaching profession. The peculiarities of the development in different states of the country, main characteristics of the training with the help of alternative pro...

  3. Nb-Base FS-85 Alloy as a Candidate Structural Material for Space Reactor Applications: Effects of Thermal Aging

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leonard, Keith J.; Busby, Jeremy T.; Hoelzer, David T.; Zinkle, Steven J.

    2009-04-01

    The proposed uses of fission reactors for manned or deep space missions have typically relied on the potential use of refractory metal alloys as structural materials. Throughout the history of these programs, a leading candidate has been Nb-1Zr, due to its good fabrication and welding characteristics. However, the less-than-optimal creep resistance of this alloy has encouraged interest in the more complex FS-85 (Nb-28Ta-10W-1Zr) alloy. Despite this interest, only a relatively small database exists for the properties of FS-85. Database gaps include the potential microstructural instabilities that can lead to mechanical property degradation. In this work, changes in the microstructure and mechanical properties of FS-85 were investigated following 1100 hours of thermal aging at 1098, 1248, and 1398 K. The changes in electrical resistivity, hardness, and tensile properties between the as-annealed and aged materials are compared. Evaluation of the microstructural changes was performed through optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The development of intragranular and grain-boundary precipitation of Zr-rich compounds as a function of aging temperature was followed. Brittle tensile behavior was measured in the material aged at 1248 K, while ductile behavior occurred in samples aged above and below this temperature. The effect of temperature on the under- and overaging of the grain-boundary particles is believed to have contributed to the mechanical property behavior of the aged materials.

  4. Data Quality Objectives Summary Report for the 221-U Canyon Disposition Alternatives

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Miller, M.S.; Oaces, L.E.; Baxter, J.; Brown, T.M.; Enoke, D.E.; Carlson, D.; Rugg, J.E.

    1997-08-01

    The 221-U Canyon Disposition Alternatives Data Quality Objective (DQO) Process identifies the sampling and analytical requirements necessary to support future detailed evaluation of alternatives via the CERCLA process, for final disposition of the 221-U Canyon Facility. Viable alternatives for the disposition of the 221-U Facility have been identified in a CERCLA Phase I Feasibility Study (FS) (DOE-RL 1997) for the Canyon Disposition Initiative (CDI). The scope of this DQO Process is limited to the 221-U Process Canyon Building and equipment contained within the facility. Associated stacks, filters, solvent handling, vaults, and storage facilities external to the 221-U Building are not addressed in this DQO. This DQO focuses on the 221-U Building because it provides the greatest potential source of contaminant volumes and concentrations and the physical structure poses the greatest challenge for disposition decisions

  5. Using exterior building surface films to assess human exposure and health risks from PCDD/Fs in New York City, USA, after the World Trade Center attacks.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rayne, Sierra

    2005-12-09

    Concentrations of tetra- through octa-chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were determined in exterior window films from Manhattan and Brooklyn in New York City (NYC), USA, 6 weeks after the World Trade Center (WTC) attacks of 11 September 2001. High concentrations of the 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners (P(2378)CDD/Fs) were observed, at levels up to 6600 pg-TEQ g(-1) nearest the WTC site. An equilibrium partitioning model was developed to reconstruct total gas + particle-phase atmospheric concentrations of P(2378)CDD/Fs at each site. The reconstructed atmospheric and window film concentrations were subsequently used in a preliminary human health risk assessment to estimate the potential cancer and non-cancer risks posed to residents of lower Manhattan from these contaminants over the 6 week exposure period between the WTC attacks and sampling dates. Residents of lower Manhattan appear to have a slightly elevated cancer risk (up to 1.6% increase over background) and increased P(2378)CDD/F body burden (up to 8.0% increase over background) because of above-background exposure to high concentrations of P(2378)CDD/Fs produced from the WTC attacks during the short period between 11 September 2001, and window film sampling 6 weeks later.

  6. A sensitive, rapid, and simple DR-EcoScreen bioassay for the determination of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in environmental and food samples.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kojima, Hiroyuki; Takeuchi, Shinji; Iida, Mitsuru; Nakayama, Shoji F; Shiozaki, Takuya

    2018-03-01

    In developing countries in Asia, such as China, Vietnam, and Thailand, there is a strong need for the development of relatively rapid and low-cost bioassays for the determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) in environmental and food samples. These compounds are known to induce a variety of toxic and biological effects through their ligand-specific binding of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Indeed, several AhR-mediated reporter gene assays are widely used as prescreening tools for high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS) analysis, which individually measures 17 PCDD/Fs and 12 DL-PCBs. In 2008, we have developed a new sensitive and rapid reporter gene assay using a genetically engineered stable cell line, designated DR-EcoScreen cells. The DR-EcoScreen assay using these cells has a number of great advantages of its sensitivity to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and its simple procedure, which shows little variance in the data (within CV 10 %) compared to other reporter gene assays. In this review, we summarize the application of the DR-EcoScreen assay to the determination of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs in ambient air samples, in fish and shellfish samples, and in flue gas samples from incinerators and provide potential usefulness of this bioassay for the determination of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs in various matrices.

  7. Tribological performance of titanium samples oxidized by fs-laser radiation, thermal heating, or electrochemical anodization

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kirner, S. V.; Slachciak, N.; Elert, A. M.; Griepentrog, M.; Fischer, D.; Hertwig, A.; Sahre, M.; Dörfel, I.; Sturm, H.; Pentzien, S.; Koter, R.; Spaltmann, D.; Krüger, J.; Bonse, J.

    2018-04-01

    Commercial grade-1 titanium samples (Ti, 99.6%) were treated using three alternative methods, (i) femtosecond laser processing, (ii) thermal heat treatment, and (iii) electrochemical anodization, respectively, resulting in the formation of differently conditioned superficial titanium oxide layers. The laser processing (i) was carried out by a Ti:sapphire laser (pulse duration 30 fs, central wavelength 790 nm, pulse repetition rate 1 kHz) in a regime of generating laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS). The experimental conditions (laser fluence, spatial spot overlap) were optimized in a sample-scanning setup for the processing of several square-millimeters large surface areas covered homogeneously by these nanostructures. The differently oxidized titanium surfaces were characterized by optical microscopy, micro Raman spectroscopy, variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry, and instrumented indentation testing. The tribological performance was characterized in the regime of mixed friction by reciprocating sliding tests against a sphere of hardened steel in fully formulated engine oil as lubricant. The specific tribological performance of the differently treated surfaces is discussed with respect to possible physical and chemical mechanisms.

  8. Parameter identification of the glazed photovoltaic thermal system using Genetic Algorithm–Fuzzy System (GA–FS) approach and its comparative study

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Singh, Sonveer; Agrawal, Sanjay

    2015-01-01

    Highlights: • Optimization using Genetic Algorithm–Fuzzy System approach. • Overall exergy efficiency has been evaluated with different optimization tools. • Comparative analysis has been done. • GA–FS is very efficient and fast technique. • Overall exergy efficiency has been improved. - Abstract: In this paper, Genetic Algorithm–Fuzzy System (GA–FS) approach is used to identify the optimized parameters of the glazed photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system and to improve its overall exergy efficiency. The fuzzy knowledge base is used to improve the efficiency of Genetic Algorithm (GA). It is observed that three GA parameters, namely: (i) crossover probability (P cross ), (ii) mutation probability (P mut ) and (iii) population size are changing dynamically during the program, according to fuzzy knowledge base to maximize the efficiency of the GA. Here, overall exergy efficiency is considered as an objective function during the optimization process for GA–FS approach. The effort has been made to identify the different optimized parameters like; length and depth of the channel, velocity of flowing fluid, overall heat transfer coefficient from solar cell to ambient and flowing fluid and overall back loss heat transfer coefficient from flowing fluid to the ambient to maximize the overall exergy efficiency using GA–FS approach. Performance of glazed PVT using GA–FS approach has been compared with performance using GA approach and without GA. It has also been observed that the GA–FS approach is a better approach as compared to GA approach because it converges faster as compare to GA because the use of the fuzzy knowledge base with GA and take less time for identification of optimized system parameters.

  9. Development of alternative fuel for pressurized water reactors

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cardoso, P.E.; Ferreira, R.A.N.; Ferraz, W.B.; Lameiras, F.S.; Santos, A.; Assis, G. de; Doerr, W.O.; Wehner, E.L.

    1984-01-01

    The utilization of alternative fuel cycles in Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) such as Th/U and Th/Pu cycles can permit a better utilization of uranium reserves without the necessity of developing new power reactor concepts. The development of the technology of alternative fuels for PWR is one of the objectives of the 'Program on Thorium Utilization in Pressurized Water Reactors' carried out jointly by Empresas Nucleares Brasileiras S.A. (NUCLEBRAS), through its Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear (CDTN) and by German institutions, the Julich Nuclear Research Center (KFA), the Kraftwerk Union A.G. (KWU) and NUKEM GmbH. This paper summarizes the results so far obtained in the fuel technology. The development of a fabrication process for PWR fuel pellets from gel-microspheres is reported as well as the design, the specification, and the fabrication of prototype fuel rods for irradiation tests. (Author) [pt

  10. Generation of 103 fs mode-locked pulses by a gain linewidth-variable Nd,Y:CaF2 disordered crystal.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Qin, Z P; Xie, G Q; Ma, J; Ge, W Y; Yuan, P; Qian, L J; Su, L B; Jiang, D P; Ma, F K; Zhang, Q; Cao, Y X; Xu, J

    2014-04-01

    We have demonstrated a diode-pumped passively mode-locked femtosecond Nd,Y:CaF2 disordered crystal laser for the first time to our knowledge. By choosing appropriate Y-doping concentration, a broad fluorescence linewidth of 31 nm has been obtained from the gain linewidth-variable Nd,Y:CaF2 crystal. With the Nd,Y:CaF2 disordered crystal as gain medium, the mode-locked laser generated pulses with pulse duration as short as 103 fs, average output power of 89 mW, and repetition rate of 100 MHz. To our best knowledge, this is the shortest pulse generated from Nd-doped crystal lasers so far. The research results show that the Nd,Y:CaF2 disordered crystal will be a potential alternative as gain medium of repetitive chirped pulse amplification for high-peak-power lasers.

  11. Fat-suppressed three-dimensional fast spoiled gradient-recalled echo imaging: a modified FS 3D SPGR technique for assessment of patellofemoral joint chondromalacia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, S F; Cheng, H C; Chang, C Y

    1999-01-01

    Fast fat-suppressed (FS) three-dimensional (3D) spoiled gradient-recalled echo (SPGR) imaging of 64 articular cartilage regions in 16 patellofemoral joints was evaluated to assess its feasibility in diagnosing patellofemoral chondromalacia. It demonstrated good correlation with arthroscopic reports and took about half of the examination time that FS 3D SPGR did. This modified, faster technique has the potential to diagnose patellofemoral chondromalacia with shorter examination time than FS 3D SPGR did.

  12. Chlorophyll-a, Orbview-2 SeaWiFS, 0.04167 degrees, Alaska, Science Quality

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — NASA GSFC Ocean Color Web distributes science-quality chlorophyll-a concentration data from the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) on the Orbview-2...

  13. Single-shot 35 fs temporal resolution electron shadowgraphy

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Scoby, C. M.; Li, R. K.; Threlkeld, E.; To, H.; Musumeci, P. [Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095 (United States)

    2013-01-14

    We obtain single-shot time-resolved shadowgraph images of the electromagnetic fields resulting from the interaction of a high intensity ultrashort laser pulse with a metal surface. Using a high brightness relativistic electron beam and a high streaking speed radiofrequency deflector, we report <35 fs temporal resolution enabling a direct visualization of the retarded-time dominated field evolution which follows the laser-induced charge emission. A model including the finite signal propagation speed well reproduces the data and yields measurements of fundamental parameters in short pulse laser-matter interaction such as the amount of emitted charge and the emission time scale.

  14. Single-shot 35 fs temporal resolution electron shadowgraphy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Scoby, C. M.; Li, R. K.; Threlkeld, E.; To, H.; Musumeci, P.

    2013-01-01

    We obtain single-shot time-resolved shadowgraph images of the electromagnetic fields resulting from the interaction of a high intensity ultrashort laser pulse with a metal surface. Using a high brightness relativistic electron beam and a high streaking speed radiofrequency deflector, we report <35 fs temporal resolution enabling a direct visualization of the retarded-time dominated field evolution which follows the laser-induced charge emission. A model including the finite signal propagation speed well reproduces the data and yields measurements of fundamental parameters in short pulse laser-matter interaction such as the amount of emitted charge and the emission time scale.

  15. Quick Look Report for Semiscale MOD-2C Test S-FS-2

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Boucher, T.J.; Chen, T.H.

    1985-01-01

    Results of a preliminary analysis of the first test performed in the Semiscale MOD-2C Steam Generator Feedwater and Steam Line Break (FS) experiment series are presented. Test S-FS-2 simulated a pressurized water reactor transient initiated by a double-ended offset shear of a steam generator main steam line upstream of the flow restrictor. Initial conditions represented normal ''hot-standby'' operation. The transient included an initial 600-s period in which only automatic plant protection systems responded to the initiating event. This period was followed by a series of operator actions necessary to stabilize the plant at conditions required to allow a natural circulation cooldown. The test results provided a measured evaluation of the effectiveness of the automatic responses in minimizing primary system overcooling and operator actions in stabilizing the plant. Test data also provided a basis for comparison with other tests in the series of the effects of break size on primary overcooling and primary-to-secondary heat transfer. 57 figs., 3 tabs

  16. Alternative calcination development status report

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Boardman, R.D.

    1997-12-01

    The Programmatic Spent Nuclear Fuel and (INEEL) Environmental Restoration and Waste Management Programs Environmental Impact Statement Record of Decision, dated June 1, 1995, specifies that high-level waste stored in the underground tanks at the ICPP continue to be calcined while other options to treat the waste are studied. Therefore, the High-Level Waste Program has funded a program to develop new flowsheets to increase the liquid waste processing rate. Simultaneously, a radionuclide separation process, as well as other options, are also being developed, which will be compared to the calcination treatment option. Two alternatives emerged as viable candidates; (1) elevated temperature calcination (also referred to as high temperature calcination), and (2) sugar-additive calcination. Both alternatives were determined to be viable through testing performed in a lab-scale calcination mockup. Subsequently, 10-cm Calciner Pilot Plant scoping tests were successfully completed for both flowsheets. The results were compared to the standard 500 C, high-ANN flow sheet (baseline flowsheet). The product and effluent streams were characterized to help elucidate the process chemistry and to investigate potential environmental permitting issues. Several supplementary tests were conducted to gain a better understanding of fine-particles generation, calcine hydration, scrub foaming, feed makeup procedures, sugar/organic elimination, and safety-related issues. Many of the experiments are only considered to be scoping tests, and follow-up experiments will be required to establish a more definitive understanding of the flowsheets. However, the combined results support the general conclusion that flowsheet improvements for the NWCF are technically viable

  17. Remote sensing of particle backscattering in Chesapeake Bay: a 6-year SeaWiFS retrospective view

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zawada, D.G.; Hu, C.; Clayton, T.; Chen, Z.; Brock, J.C.; Muller-Karger, F. E.

    2007-01-01

    Traditional field techniques to monitor water quality in large estuaries, such as boat-based surveys and autonomous moored sensors, generally provide limited spatial coverage. Satellite imagery potentially can be used to address both of these limitations. Here, we show that satellite-based observations are useful for inferring total-suspended-solids (TSS) concentrations in estuarine areas. A spectra-matching optimization algorithm was used to estimate the particle backscattering coefficient at 400 nm, bbp(400), in Chesapeake Bay from Sea-viewing Wide-Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) satellite imagery. These estimated values of bbp(400) were compared to in situ measurements of TSS for the study period of September 1997–December 2003. Contemporaneous SeaWiFS bbp(400) values and TSS concentrations were positively correlated (N = 340, r2 = 0.4, P bp(400) values served as a reasonable first-order approximation for synoptically mapping TSS. Overall, large-scale patterns of SeaWiFS bbp(400) appeared to be consistent with expectations based on field observations and historical reports of TSS. Monthly averages indicated that SeaWiFS bbp(400) was typically largest in winter (>0.049 m−1, November–February) and smallest in summer (−1, June–August), regardless of the amount of riverine discharge to the bay. The study period also included Hurricanes Floyd and Isabel, which caused large-scale turbidity events and changes in the water quality of the bay. These results demonstrate that this technique can provide frequent synoptic assessments of suspended solids concentrations in Chesapeake Bay and other coastal regions.

  18. Nonsequential double ionization of D2 molecules with intense 20-fs pulses

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Sakai, H.; Larsen, J.J.; Wendt-Larsen, I.

    2003-01-01

    The kinetic-energy distribution of D+ fragments obtained from the ionization of D2 molecules with intense 20-fs pulses includes a high-energy component extending up to ˜10 eV. These fragments are only present for linearly, or slightly elliptically, polarized light. Both the maximum kinetic...

  19. The health risk levels of different age groups of residents living in the vicinity of municipal solid waste incinerator posed by PCDD/Fs in atmosphere and soil.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Jiafu; Zhang, Ying; Sun, Tingting; Hao, Huawei; Wu, Hao; Wang, Lili; Chen, Yuxing; Xing, Limin; Niu, Zhiguang

    2018-08-01

    In our study, health risk levels of different age groups of residents living in the vicinity of a municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) posed by polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in atmosphere and soil were evaluated. The toxic equivalent concentrations of PCDD/Fs (TEQ) in surrounding atmosphere and soil of studied MSWI were 0.05-0.12 pg I-TEQ Nm -3 and 7.622-15.450 ng I-TEQ kg -1 , respectively. The PCDFs/PCDDs (F/D) values of PCDD/Fs in surrounding atmosphere of studied MSWI ranged from 0.40 to 5.90 with a mean of 1.80, suggesting that the PCDD/Fs mainly came from combustion sources and studied MSWI could be a key source of PCDD/Fs in surrounding atmosphere. The F/D ratios of PCDD/Fs in surrounding soil ranged from 0.18 to 1.81 with a mean of 0.90, suggesting combustion is not the mainly sources of PCDD/Fs in surrounding soil, and studied MSWI may have limited influence on PCDD/Fs in surrounding soil. O8CDD and 2,3,4,7,8-P5CDF could be the total PCDD/Fs and TEQ indicators in surrounding atmosphere of studied MSWI, respectively. The carcinogenic risk (CR) values of PCDD/Fs in surrounding atmosphere and soil for children, teens and adults were 1.24E-06, 9.06E-07 and 4.41E-06, respectively, suggesting that the potential cancer risk occurred but the risk was at acceptable levels for both children and adults (risk for teens was negligible (risk (non-CR) values of three age groups were lower than 1, indicating that no obvious non-carcinogenic effects occurred. Inhalation of air was the largest contributor of health risk (both CR and non-CR) for three age groups. In addition, a comparison of the health risk between PCDD/Fs and other emerging contaminants and traditional pollutants in soil and atmosphere was performed, which will help us have a good view of the health risk levels of PCDD/Fs in surrounding environment of MWSI. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  20. Alternative financial institutions? Sustainability, development, social reproduction, and gender analysis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kidder, T

    1999-08-01

    This paper proposes a conceptual framework for alternative financial institutions in Nicaragua. The article includes a discussion on innovative services and policies, which differentiate CARUNA (National Savings and Credit Cooperative ¿Caja Rural¿), and other financial institutions from conventional banks. It further examines theories that have altered the way development practitioners think about the economy, poverty reduction, and the positions of men and women in the society. These theories are the feminist economic theory and alternative development theories. Specific ways to incorporate the concepts of alternative and feminist economic theories in the design of financial institutions include open credit, savings, and remittance mechanisms, and coordinating councils. The gender analysis approach was used to evaluate the design of financial institutions.

  1. Sub-15 fs multiphoton lithography of three-dimensional structures for live cell applications

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Licht, Martin; Uchugonova, Aisada; König, Karsten; Straub, Martin

    2012-01-01

    Development, morphology and intratissue location of cells are influenced by the 3D nano- and microenvironment. In this paper we demonstrate multiphoton photopolymerization to generate three-dimensional structures for cell culture applications with micro- and nanotopographic features using SU-8 photoresist and mr-NIL 6000 nanoimprint resist. Moving the focal spot of high-repetition rate near-infrared sub-15 fs pulsed laser light by a galvanometric beam scanner in combination with a piezoelectric vertical stage, nearly arbitrary trajectories of polymerized photoresist were generated. This technique can be used to generate cage structures with submicron interior features for live cell applications. Preliminary experiments with PC-3 and HT-1080 cells indicate the influence of the structures on cell behavior. (paper)

  2. [Scanning electron microscopic investigations of cutting edge quality in lamellar keratotomy using the Wavelight femtosecond laser (FS-200) : What influence do spot distance and an additional tunnel have?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hammer, T; Höche, T; Heichel, J

    2018-01-01

    Femtosecond lasers (fs-lasers) are established cutting instruments for the creation of LASIK flaps. Previous studies often showed even rougher surfaces after application of fs-laser systems compared to lamellar keratotomy with mechanical microkeratomes. When cutting the cornea with fs-lasers, an intrastromal gas development occurs, which has a potentially negative influence on the cutting quality if the gas cannot be dissipated; therefore, manufacturers have chosen the way of gas assimilation in so-called pockets. The investigated system creates a tunnel which opens under the conjunctiva. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a tunnel as well as the influence of different spot distances on the quality of cut surfaces and edges. In this experimental study on freshly enucleated porcine eyes (n = 15), the following cuts were carried out with the FS-200 (Wavelight, Erlangen, Germany): 1. standard setting (spot and line separation 8 µm), 2. with tunnel for gas drainage, 3. without gas-conducting tunnel, 4. with increased spot spacing (spot and line separation 9 μm instead of 8 μm) and 5. with reduced spot spacing (spot and line separation 7 μm instead of 8 μm). Subsequently, scanning electron microscopy (FEI Quanta 650, Hillsboro, OR) of the cut edges and surfaces as well as the gas drain tunnel were performed. The evaluation was based on an established score. The current fs-laser system (200 Hz) is able to create smooth cutting surfaces and sharp edges. The changed density of laser pulses compared to the standard settings with a reduced or increased distance between the pulses, did not achieve any further improvement in the surface quality. The gas-conducting tunnel could be detected by scanning electron microscope. In the case of cutting without a tunnel, roughened surfaces and irregularities on the cutting edges were found. When the FS-200 fs-laser is used, LASIK cuts with very smooth cut surfaces and sharp cutting

  3. Evaluation of Long-term Aerosol Data Records from SeaWiFS over Land and Ocean

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bettenhausen, C.; Hsu, C.; Jeong, M.; Huang, J.

    2010-12-01

    Deserts around the globe produce mineral dust aerosols that may then be transported over cities, across continents, or even oceans. These aerosols affect the Earth’s energy balance through direct and indirect interactions with incoming solar radiation. They also have a biogeochemical effect as they deliver scarce nutrients to remote ecosystems. Large dust storms regularly disrupt air traffic and are a general nuisance to those living in transport regions. In the past, measuring dust aerosols has been incomplete at best. Satellite retrieval algorithms were limited to oceans or vegetated surfaces and typically neglected desert regions due to their high surface reflectivity in the mid-visible and near-infrared wavelengths, which have been typically used for aerosol retrievals. The Deep Blue aerosol retrieval algorithm was developed to resolve these shortcomings by utilizing the blue channels from instruments such as the Sea-Viewing Wide-Field-of-View Sensor (SeaWiFS) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) to infer aerosol properties over these highly reflective surfaces. The surface reflectivity of desert regions is much lower in the blue channels and thus it is easier to separate the aerosol and surface signals than at the longer wavelengths used in other algorithms. More recently, the Deep Blue algorithm has been expanded to retrieve over vegetated surfaces and oceans as well. A single algorithm can now follow dust from source to sink. In this work, we introduce the SeaWiFS instrument and the Deep Blue aerosol retrieval algorithm. We have produced global aerosol data records over land and ocean from 1997 through 2009 using the Deep Blue algorithm and SeaWiFS data. We describe these data records and validate them with data from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). We also show the relative performance compared to the current MODIS Deep Blue operational aerosol data in desert regions. The current results are encouraging and this dataset will

  4. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and biphenyls (PCBs) in home-produced eggs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hoogenboom, Ron L A P; Ten Dam, Guillaume; van Bruggen, Mark; Jeurissen, Suzanne M F; van Leeuwen, Stefan P J; Theelen, Rob M C; Zeilmaker, Marco J

    2016-05-01

    Home produced eggs from 62 addresses in the Netherlands were investigated for the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and biphenyls (PCBs), both dioxin-like (dl) and non-dioxin-like (ndl). Compared to commercial eggs, levels were relatively high with a median of 4.6 pg TEQ g(-1) fat for the sum of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs, and a highest level of 18.9 pg TEQ g(-1) fat. A number of samples showed clearly elevated ndl-PCB levels with a median of 13 ng g(-1) fat and a highest level of 80 ng g(-1) fat. There were no clear regional differences, even though part of the samples were derived from the rather industrial Rotterdam/Rijnmond area. Based on the congener patterns, former backyard burning of waste seems the most likely source for most eggs, with two exceptions where other sources contributed to the contamination. Similar is true for the ndl-PCBs. The study shows that average levels are about ten-fold higher than commercial eggs and may substantially contribute to the intake of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs by consumers. Intervention measures to reduce the intake of these contaminants by laying hens are advised. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  5. Study of core characteristics on fuel and coolant type. Results of F/S phase-I

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ikegami, Tetsuo; Hayashi, Hideyuki; Sasaki, Makoto; Mizuno, Tomoyasu; Yamadate, Megumi; Takaki, Naoyuki; Kurosawa, Norifumi; Sakashita, Yoshiaki; Naganuma, Masayuki

    2001-03-01

    The phase-I of the Feasibility Study of Commercialized Fast Reactor Cycle Systems (F/S) were started from July, 1999 and terminated at the end of FY2000 in order to executed examination about technology alternatives of various commercialized fast reactor (FR) recycle concepts, in response to the JNC middle long term enterprise plan. In the phase-I of this F/S, a number of conceptual candidates have been selected from the following 5 viewpoints: a) ensuring safety, b) economic competitiveness to future LWRs, c) efficient utilization of resources, d) reduction of environmental burden, e) enhancement of nuclear non-proliferation. As for this study from the above viewpoints, core characteristics of many kinds of reactors have been investigated, analyzed and examined a core / a fuel characteristic in the combinations of fuel and coolant types and power output scales. Based on these results, R and D plans of the phase-II to be performed have been proposed, and a database to select candidate reactor concepts has been prepared. The conclusions have been obtained in the phase-I are as follows: (1) Evaluation of a fuel form in every each coolant was compared. A promising fuel form was extracted as follows: an oxide and a metal fuel for sodium coolant cores, a metal and a nitride fuel for heavy metal coolant cores, an oxide and a nitride fuel for carbon dioxide coolant cores and a nitride fuel for He gas coolant cores. (2) As the general idea that performance of a core nucleus can be compatible with re-criticality evasion in sodium coolant large-sized oxide fuel cores, a axial blanket particle elimination radial heterogeneous core is one influential candidate. (3) In case of Pb-Bi coolant nature circulation medium size core with an oxide fuel, it is difficult to simultaneously achieve higher discharged burn-up and higher breeding ratio according to the viewpoints of the phase-I. (4) Core characteristics of a carbon dioxide coolant core shows to be almost equivalent to that of

  6. Sub?40?fs, 1060?nm Yb?fiber laser enhances penetration depth in nonlinear optical microscopy of human skin

    OpenAIRE

    Balu, Mihaela; Saytashev, Ilyas; Hou, Jue; Dantus, Marcos; Tromberg, Bruce J.

    2015-01-01

    © 2015 The Authors. Advancing the practical utility of nonlinear optical microscopy requires continued improvement in imaging depth and contrast. We evaluated second-harmonic generation (SHG) and third-harmonic generation images from ex vivo human skin and showed that a sub-40 fs, 1060-nm Yb-fiber laser can enhance SHG penetration depth by up to 80% compared to a > 100 fs, 800 nm Ti:sapphire source. These results demonstrate the potential of fiber-based laser systems to address a key perform...

  7. Statistical evaluation of PCDD/Fs levels and profiles in milk and feedingstuffs from Campania region - Italy

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Diletti, G.; Scortichini, G.; Conte, A.; Migliorati, G.; Caporale, V. [Ist. Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell' Abruzzo e del Molise (Italy)

    2004-09-15

    PCDD/Fs levels exceeding the European Union (EU) tolerance limit were detected in milk and animal feed samples collected in Campania region in the years 2001-2003, as reported in a previous paper1. The analyses were performed on milk samples from different animal species (cow, sheep, goat and buffalo) and on animal feed samples (silage, hay, grass, cereals, premixes and mixed feeds) permitting to assess the levels and the geographical extension of the contamination. The preliminary results of this survey had given clear indications of the dioxin contamination of feedingstuffs and their contribution to the high PCDD/Fs levels recorded in milk but a more detailed analysis was needed in order to confirm the previous observations. Aim of this work is the evaluation of the correlation between the PCDD/Fs levels and patterns found in milk and animal feed samples through the statistical analysis of the congeners profiles and concentrations. Moreover, the typical congeners profiles of milk samples taken in the area under investigation were compared to those obtained from samples collected in the framework of the National Residues Surveillance Plan (NRSP) in 2003. The contamination phenomenon was also studied by means of the spatial correlation analysis.

  8. Research requirements for alternative reactor development strategies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1979-06-01

    The purpose of this paper is to estimate and compare resource requirements and other fuel cycle quantities for alternative reactor deployment strategies. The paper examines from global and national perspectives the interaction of various fuel cycle alternatives described in the previous U.S. submissions to Working Groups 4, 5, 8 and Subgroup 1A/2A. Nuclear energy forecasts of Subgroup 1A/2A are used in the calculation of uranium demand for each strategy. These uranium demands are then compared to U.S. estimates of annual uranium producibility. Annual rather than cumulative producibility was selected because it does not assume preplanned stockpiling, and is therefore more conservative. The strategies attempt to span a range of nuclear power mixes which could evolve if appropriate commercial and governmental climates develop

  9. Generation of 70-fs pulses at 286 μm from a mid-infrared fiber laser

    Science.gov (United States)

    Woodward, R. I.; Hudson, D. D.; Fuerbach, A.; Jackson, S. D.

    2017-12-01

    We propose and demonstrate a simple route to few-optical-cycle pulse generation from a mid-infrared fiber laser through nonlinear compression of pulses from a holmium-doped fiber oscillator using a short length of chalcogenide fiber and a grating pair. Pulses from the oscillator with 265-fs duration at 2.86 {\\mu}m are spectrally broadened through self-phase modulation in step-index As2S3 fiber to 141-nm bandwidth and then re-compressed to 70 fs (7.3 optical cycles). These are the shortest pulses from a mid-infrared fiber system to date, and we note that our system is compact, robust, and uses only commercially available components. The scalability of this approach is also discussed, supported by numerical modeling.

  10. Monitoring PCDD/Fs in soil and herbage samples collected in the neighborhood of a hazardous waste incinerator after five years of operation

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Nadal, M.; Bocio, A.; Schuhmacher, M.; Liobet, J.M.; Domingo, J.L. [Rovira i Virgili Univ., Reus (Spain); Diaz-Ferrero, J. [Inst. Quimic de Sarria, Barcelona (Spain)

    2004-09-15

    Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) are among the most dangerous environmental pollutants, usually generated during combustion processes. Until recently, waste incineration was widely referenced as one of the most important sources of PCDD/F release to the atmosphere. In 1999, the only hazardous waste incinerator (HWI) in Spain began regular operations. This facility is placed in Tarragona, Catalonia. The presence of this HWI, as well as that of a municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) at a few kilometers, increased the concern of the public opinion in relation to the potential toxic emissions, especially those of metals and PCDD/Fs, which could affect the health of the population living in the area. Previously to regular operations (1996) the baseline levels of PCDD/Fs in soil and vegetation samples collected near the HWI were determined. A second survey was carried out two years later (1998) in order to establish the temporal variation in PCDD/F concentrations in soil and vegetation samples taken at the same sampling points. Vegetation is considered an adequate short-term environmental monitor for PCDD/Fs. Therefore, in the surveillance program of the facility (1999-2003), herbage samples (40) were annually collected at the same sampling points in which baseline samples had been taken. Moreover, considering soil as a suitable long-term monitor for PCDD/Fs, 40 soil samples in this matrix were again collected in 2001 and 2003 to examine the temporal variations of PCDD/F levels in the area. In the present study, we present the concentrations of PCDD/Fs in soil and vegetation samples collected in the vicinity of the HWI after 5 years of regular operations.

  11. Core Flight System (cFS) a Low Cost Solution for SmallSats

    Science.gov (United States)

    McComas, David; Strege, Susanne; Wilmot, Jonathan

    2015-01-01

    The cFS is a FSW product line that uses a layered architecture and compile-time configuration parameters which make it portable and scalable for a wide range of platforms. The software layers that defined the application run-time environment are now under a NASA-wide configuration control board with the goal of sustaining an open-source application ecosystem.

  12. Evaluation of alternative MGDS development strategies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Roberds, W.; Miller, I.; Caldwell, D.

    1991-01-01

    A methodology has been developed to explicitly and quantitatively evaluate acceptable alternative repository development strategies, in terms of the degree to which they are likely to satisfy a specified set of system objectives (e.g., minimizing overall costs through closure, time to initial waste receipt and long-term health effects). An open-quotes acceptableclose quotes strategy is one which has a high likelihood of satisfying specified system functions and requirements. Simple but comprehensive system models have been developed to estimate the relevant consequences of any strategy, explicitly considering system uncertainties and contingencies, including the possibility of finding the site to be unsuitable and having to develop a repository elsewhere. Such open-quotes technical assessments,close quotes which are appropriately developed by technical experts, can then be combined with separate open-quotes value judgementsclose quotes regarding preferences and tradeoffs among the consequences, which are appropriately determined by the decision makers/stake holders (rather than by the technical experts) in order to explicitly determine preferences among the acceptable strategies. Implementation of the methodology has been demonstrated by example

  13. New class of compact diode pumped sub 10 fs lasers for biomedical applications

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Le, T.; Mueller, A.; Sumpf, B.

    2016-01-01

    Diode-pumping Ti: sapphire lasers promises a new approach to low-cost femtosecond light sources. Thus in recent years much effort has been taken just to overcome the quite low power and low beam qualities of available green diodes to obtain output powers of several hundred milliwatts from a fs-la...

  14. Reproducibility of flap thickness with IntraLase FS and Moria LSK-1 and M2 microkeratomes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Talamo, Jonathan H; Meltzer, Jeremy; Gardner, John

    2006-06-01

    To compare flap thickness reproducibility of the femtosecond laser and two mechanical microkeratomes. Flap thickness for all eyes was measured as the difference between the preoperative (day of surgery) full corneal thickness and post-flap creation central stromal bed thickness using ultrasonic pachymetry. Flap thickness values produced by three different microkeratome systems were compared for accuracy and reproducibility. For 99 flaps created using the IntraLase FS laser with an intended thickness of 110 microm, the mean achieved thickness was 119 +/- 12 microm (range: 82 to 149 microm). In 100 eyes treated with the Moria LSK-1 microkeratome with an intended flap thickness of 160 microm, the mean achieved thickness was 130 +/- 19 microm (range: 71 to 186 microm). In 135 eyes treated with the Moria M2 microkeratome with an intended flap thickness of 130 microm, mean thickness was 142 +/- 24 microm (range: 84 to 203 microm). The standard deviation and range of corneal flap thickness created with the IntraLase FS laser was significantly smaller than either mechanical microkeratome (P < .0001). When compared to two commonly used mechanical microkeratomes, mean achieved flap thickness was more reproducible with the IntraLase FS laser, reducing the comparative risk of overly thick flaps.

  15. Validating the 5Fs mnemonic for cholelithiasis: time to include family history.

    LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

    Bass, Gary

    2013-11-01

    The time-honoured mnemonic of \\'5Fs\\' is a reminder to students that patients with upper abdominal pain and who conform to a profile of \\'fair, fat, female, fertile and forty\\' are likely to have cholelithiasis. We feel, however, that a most important \\'F\\'-that for \\'family history\\'-is overlooked and should be introduced to enhance the value of a useful aide memoire.

  16. Polychlorinated dioxins, furans (PCDD/Fs), dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) and indicator PCBs (ind-PCBs) in egg and egg products in Turkey.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Olanca, Burcu; Cakirogullari, Gul Celik; Ucar, Yunus; Kirisik, Dursun; Kilic, Devrim

    2014-01-01

    The aim of the study is to determine concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) and indicator PCBs (ind-PCBs) in eggs from cage hens without soil contact, pasteurized egg samples and imported egg yolk powder samples in Turkey. Concentrations of PCDD/Fs, PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs, and ind-PCBs in eggs and pasteurized egg samples are in the range of 0.247-1.527 pg WHO-TEQ(2005)g(-1) fat, 0.282-1.762 pg WHO-TEQ(2005)g(-1) fat and 202-1,235 pg g(-1) fat, respectively. For egg yolk powder samples, concentrations of PCDD/Fs, PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs, and ind-PCBs are in the range of 0.122-0.494 pg WHO-TEQ(2005)g(-1) fat, 0.214-0.640 pg WHO-TEQ(2005)g(-1) fat and 217-1,498 pg g(-1) fat, respectively. All results for PCDD/Fs, PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs, and ind-PCBs are below the values of 2.5 pg WHO-TEQ(2005)g(-1) fat, 5.0 pg WHO-TEQ(2005)g(-1) fat and 40 ng g(-1) fat imposed in Turkish Regulation for eggs and egg products, respectively. In all samples 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF, 2,3,7,8-TCDD, 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD and PCB126 are the most prominent congeners. Mean estimated daily exposure to PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs for Turkish population from egg is 0.011 pg WHO-TEQ(2005)d(-1)kg body weight (bw)(-1). Although the exposure levels are below the TDI of 2 pg WHO-TEQ(1998)kg bw(-1), the results were based only on consumption of egg. In order to estimate total dietary intake for Turkish population, various food items should be investigated. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  17. PCDD/Fs in air and soil around an e-waste dismantling area with open burning of insulated wires in south China.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ren, M; Tang, Y H; Peng, P A; Cai, Y

    2015-05-01

    Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in ambient air and farmland soil sampled in 2006 around an e-waste dismantling area with open burning of insulated wires in Longtang in south China were investigated. The total toxic equivalent concentrations of PCDD/Fs were 3.2-31.7 pg/m(3) in air and 5.8 12.4 ng/kg in farmland soil at an e-waste site and 0.063-0.091 pg/m(3) in air at a background site. PCDD/Fs in the air at the e-waste site were characterized with dominant 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF and OCDF and higher concentrations of furans than dioxins, suggesting open burning of insulated wires was likely to be the main source of PCDD/Fs. Compared with the results in this study, the level of PCDD/F tended to lessen with the average TEQ concentration decreasing by 41 % and the pattern changed to be dominated by OCDD in the air of Longtang in 2010 when insulated wires were openly burned in only a small scale. Our results indicate that the lower chlorinated congeners with higher vapor pressures have enhanced atmospheric transport tendencies.

  18. Development of an alternative reactivity meter for nuclear reactor control

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ferreira, P.S.B.

    1991-01-01

    This work describes an alternative version of the IPEN-CNEN/SP reactivity-meter. This new version utilizes a programmable electrometer (to realize the data acquisition) and a IBM-PC microcomputer to process the reactivity calculation. The aim of development of this alternative reactivity-meter is to have available a equipment of measurements of reactivity in the case of the later version show any problem during an experiment. (author)

  19. Evaluation Framework for Alternative Fuel Vehicles: Sustainable Development Perspective

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dong-Shang Chang

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available Road transport accounts for 72.06% of total transport CO2, which is considered a cause of climate change. At present, the use of alternative fuels has become a pressing issue and a significant number of automakers and scholars have devoted themselves to the study and subsequent development of alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs. The evaluation of AFVs should consider not only air pollution reduction and fuel efficiency but also AFV sustainability. In general, the field of sustainable development is subdivided into three areas: economic, environmental, and social. On the basis of the sustainable development perspective, this study presents an evaluation framework for AFVs by using the DEMATEL-based analytical network process. The results reveal that the five most important criteria are price, added value, user acceptance, reduction of hazardous substances, and dematerialization. Price is the most important criterion because it can improve the popularity of AFVs and affect other criteria, including user acceptance. Additional, the energy usage criterion is expected to significantly affect the sustainable development of AFVs. These results should be seriously considered by automakers and governments in developing AFVs.

  20. Risk assessment of PCDD/Fs levels in human tissues related to major food items based on chemical analyses and micro-EROD assay.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tsang, H L; Wu, S C; Wong, C K C; Leung, C K M; Tao, S; Wong, M H

    2009-10-01

    Nine groups of food items (freshwater fish, marine fish, pork, chicken, chicken eggs, leafy, non-leafy vegetables, rice and flour) and three types of human samples (human milk, maternal serum and cord serum) were collected for the analysis of PCDD/Fs. Results of chemical analysis revealed PCDD/Fs concentrations (pg g(-1) fat) in the following ascending order: pork (0.289 pg g(-1) fat), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) (freshwater fish) (0.407), golden thread (Nemipterus virgatus) (marine fish) (0.511), chicken (0.529), mandarin fish (Siniperca kneri) (marine fish) (0.535), chicken egg (0.552), and snubnose pompano (Trachinotus blochii) (marine fish) (1.219). The results of micro-EROD assay showed relatively higher PCDD/Fs levels in fish (2.65 pg g(-1) fat) when compared with pork (0.47), eggs (0.33), chicken (0.13), flour (0.07), vegetables (0.05 pg g(-1) wet wt) and rice (0.05). The estimated average daily intake of PCDD/Fs of 3.51 pg EROD-TEQ/kg bw/day was within the range of WHO Tolerable Daily Intake (1-4 pg WHO-TEQ/kg bw/day) and was higher than the Provisional Tolerable Daily Intake (PMTL) (70 pg for dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs) recommended by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) [Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), Summary and conclusions of the fifty-seventh meeting, JECFA, 2001.]. Nevertheless, the current findings were significantly lower than the TDI (14 pg WHO-TEQ/kg/bw/day) recommended by the Scientific Committee on Food of the Europe Commission [European Scientific Committee on Food (EU SCF), Opinions on the SCF on the risk assessment of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in food, 2000.]. However, it should be noted that micro-EROD assay overestimates the PCDD/Fs levels by 2 to 7 folds which may also amplify the PCDD/Fs levels accordingly. Although the levels of PCDD/Fs obtained from micro-EROD assay were much higher than those obtained by chemical analysis by 2 to 7 folds, it provides a cost-effective and

  1. Development of fisetin-loaded folate functionalized pluronic micelles for breast cancer targeting.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pawar, Atmaram; Singh, Srishti; Rajalakshmi, S; Shaikh, Karimunnisa; Bothiraja, C

    2018-01-15

    The natural flavonoid fisetin (FS) has shown anticancer properties but its in-vivo administration remains challenging due to its poor aqueous solubility. The aim of the study was to develop FS loaded pluronic127 (PF)-folic acid (FA) conjugated micelles (FS-PF-FA) by the way of increasing solubility, bioavailability and active targetability of FS shall increase its therapeutic efficacy. FA-conjugated PF was prepared by carbodiimide crosslinker chemistry. FS-PF-FA micelles were prepared by thin-film hydration method and evaluated in comparison with free FS and FS loaded PF micelles (FS-PF). The smooth surfaces with spherical in shape of FS-PF-PF micelles displayed smaller in size (103.2 ± 6.1 nm), good encapsulation efficiency (82.50 ± 1.78%), zeta potential (-26.7 ± 0.44 mV) and sustained FS release. Bioavailability of FS from FS-PF-PF micelles was increased by 6-fold with long circulation time, slower plasma elimination and no sign of tissue toxicity as compared to free FS. Further, the FS-PF-FA micelles demonstrated active targeting effect on folate overexpressed human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. The concentration of the drug needed for growth inhibition of 50% of cells in a designed time period (GI50) was 14.3 ± 1.2 µg/ml for FS while it was greatly decreased to 9.8 ± 0.78 µg/ml, i.e. a 31.46% decrease for the FS-PF. Furthermore, the GI50 value for FS-PF-FA was 4.9 ± 0.4 µg/ml, i.e. a 65.737% decrease compared to FS and 50% decrease compare to FS-PF. The results indicate that the FS-PF-FA micelles have the potential to be applied for targeting anticancer drug delivery.

  2. SATURN-FS 1: A computer code for thermo-mechanical fuel rod analysis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ritzhaupt-Kleissl, H.J.; Heck, M.

    1993-09-01

    The SATURN-FS code was written as a general revision of the SATURN-2 code. SATURN-FS is capable to perform a complete thermomechanical analysis of a fuel pin, with all thermal, mechanical and irradiation-based effects. Analysis is possible for LWR and for LMFBR fuel pins. The thermal analysis consists of calculations of the temperature profile in fuel, gap and in the cladding. Pore migration, stoichiometry change of oxide fuel, gas release and diffusion effects are taken into account. The mechanical modeling allows the non steady-state analysis of elastic and nonelastic fuel pin behaviour, such as creep, strain hardening, recovery and stress relaxation. Fuel cracking and healing is taken into account as well as contact and friction between fuel and cladding. The modeling of the irradiation effects comprises swelling and fission gas production, Pu-migration and irradiation induced creep. The code structure, the models and the requirements for running the code are described in the report. Recommendations for the application are given. Program runs for verification and typical examples of application are given in the last part of this report. (orig.) [de

  3. Quick look report for semiscale MOD-2C Test S-FS-11

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Plessinger, M.P.

    1985-11-01

    Results of a preliminary analysis of the fifth test performed in the Semiscale MOD-2C Steam Generator Feedwater and Steam Line Break (FS) experiment series are presented. Test S-FS-11 simulated a pressurized water reactor transient initiated by a 50% break in a steam generator bottom feedwater line downstream of the check valve. With the exception of primary pressure, the initial conditions represented the initial conditions used for the C-E System 80 Final Safety Analysis Report (FSAR) Appendix 15B calculations. The transient included an initial 600 s period in which only automatic plant protection systems responded to the initiating event. This period was followed by a series of operator actions necessary to stabilize the plant followed by break isolation and affected loop steam generator refill with auxiliary feedwater. The test results provided a measured evaluation of the effectiveness of the automatic responses in minimizing primary system overpressurization and operator actions in stabilizing the plant. Test data also provided a basis for comparison with other tests in the series of the effects of break size on primary overpressurization and primary-to-secondary heat transfer. 64 figs

  4. Direct Observation of Sub-100 fs Mobile Charge Generation in a Polymer-Fullerene Film

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Cooke, D. G.; Krebs, Frederik C; Jepsen, Peter Uhd

    2012-01-01

    The formation of mobile charges in a roll-to-roll processed poly-3-hexylthiophene-fullerene bulk heterojunction film is observed directly by using transient terahertz spectroscopy with sub-100 fs temporal resolution. The transient terahertz ac conductivity reveals that 20% of the incident pump...

  5. Levels of PCDD/Fs in soil in the vicinity of a medical waste incinerator in China: The temporal variation during 2007-2009

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Li Xiaodong; Yan Mi; Chen Tong; Lu Shengyong; Yan Jianhua; Cen Kefa

    2010-01-01

    In 2004, it is estimated that 1.18 kg I-TEQ of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) emitted from medical waste incinerators (MWIs) in China, accounting for 11.5% of the total PCDD/Fs emissions. So it is essential to assess the environmental impact of MWIs. A new MWI of China was started operation in May 2007, and implemented an advanced technology in the combustion and air pollution control system by the BAT/BEP guideline in August 2008. From 2007 to 2009, levels of PCDD/Fs were determined in soil collected in the vicinity of this MWI. The blank survey (2007) was conducted before the start-up operation of this plant. After the operation, soil samples were collected again at the same sampling sites as the blank survey. The average concentration of PCDD/Fs in soil increased from 1.13 pg I-TEQ g -1 to 2.29 pg I-TEQ g -1 after 1 year operation of the MWI (2007-2008), and a marked decrease (0.50 pg I-TEQ g -1 ) was observed during 2008-2009. In addition, the current level (2009) was still higher than the blank value (2007). The composited analysis of the experimental results indicated levels of PCDD/Fs were still comparative lower and a limited neighbourhood of the MWI was slightly affected by the emission from this incinerator, meanwhile other un-known PCDD/Fs sources and potential influenced factors could not be neglected in this investigated region.

  6. Local alternative energy futures: developing economies/building communities

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Totten, M.; Glass, B.; Freedberg, M.; Webb, L.

    1980-12-01

    A separate abstract was prepared for each of the three parts of the conference. A sufficient range of information is presented to enable interested parties to explore the viable alternatives for community self-sufficiency. The parts are entitled: Financial Incentives and Funding Sources; Standards, Regulations, Mandates, Ordinances, Covenants; and Community/Economic Development. (MCW)

  7. The influence of laser pulse duration and energy on ICP-MS signal intensity, elemental fractionation, and particle size distribution in NIR fs-LA-ICP-MS

    Science.gov (United States)

    Diwakar, Prasoon K.; Harilal, Sivanandan S.; LaHaye, Nicole L.; Hassanein, Ahmed; Kulkarni, Pramod

    2015-01-01

    Laser parameters, typically wavelength, pulse width, irradiance, repetition rate, and pulse energy, are critical parameters which influence the laser ablation process and thereby influence the LA-ICP-MS signal. In recent times, femtosecond laser ablation has gained popularity owing to the reduction in fractionation related issues and improved analytical performance which can provide matrix-independent sampling. The advantage offered by fs-LA is due to shorter pulse duration of the laser as compared to the phonon relaxation time and heat diffusion time. Hence the thermal effects are minimized in fs-LA. Recently, fs-LA-ICP-MS demonstrated improved analytical performance as compared to ns-LA-ICP-MS, but detailed mechanisms and processes are still not clearly understood. Improvement of fs-LA-ICP-MS over ns-LA-ICP-MS elucidates the importance of laser pulse duration and related effects on the ablation process. In this study, we have investigated the influence of laser pulse width (40 fs to 0.3 ns) and energy on LA-ICP-MS signal intensity and repeatability using a brass sample. Experiments were performed in single spot ablation mode as well as rastering ablation mode to monitor the Cu/Zn ratio. The recorded ICP-MS signal was correlated with total particle counts generated during laser ablation as well as particle size distribution. Our results show the importance of pulse width effects in the fs regime that becomes more pronounced when moving from femtosecond to picosecond and nanosecond regimes. PMID:26664120

  8. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE PAYMENT DESIGNS FOR FARMLAND DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS

    OpenAIRE

    Hanson, Steven D.

    1999-01-01

    Four alternative payment rules were examined to evaluate their ability to accomplish the objectives of the development rights purchase program. Paying the true economic value for the development rights does not allow the program to target high quality agricultural land. Modifying the payment strategy by offering a minimum payment will provide some extra incentive for high quality agricultural land in areas with little development pressure, but will provide little help in areas with high devel...

  9. Development perspectives of alternative energy projects before the new energy regulation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Valencia V; Jaime A; Perez O, Jaime A; Moreno O, German

    2000-01-01

    Large electric energy generation systems are dominant in the energy markets. This has been like that, because the economic balances have not included yet some parameters, and specifically environmental variables, that started being considered in the international markets. Colombian generation and transmission expanding plans are commented and the possibilities for the developing of alternative energy projects are referred to those plans. Additionally, a regional experience in the definition of criteria for electric energy service coverage enlargement allowing for alternative energy inclusion is presents, remarking their successful application as a competitive alternative for rural energizing

  10. Electron bunch profile reconstruction in the few fs regime using coherent Smith-Purcell radiation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bartolini, R; Delerue, N; Doucas, G; Reichold, A; Clarke, C

    2012-01-01

    Advanced accelerators for fourth generation light sources based on high brightness linacs or laser-driven wakefield accelerators will operate with intense, highly relativistic electron bunches that are only a few fs long. Diagnostic techniques for the determination of temporal profile of such bunches are required to be non invasive, single shot, economic and with the required resolution in the fs regime. The use of a radiative process such as coherent Smith-Purcell radiation (SPR), is particularly promising with this respect. In this technique the beam is made to radiate a small amount of electromagnetic radiation and the temporal profile is reconstructed from the measured spectral distribution of the radiation. We summarise the advantages of SPR and present the design parameters and preliminary results of the experiments at the FACET facility at SLAC. We also discuss a new approach to the problem of the recovery of the 'missing phase', which is essential for the accurate reconstruction of the temporal bunch profile.

  11. Electron Bunch Profile Reconstruction in the Few fs Regime using Coherent Smith-Purcell Radiation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bartolini, R.; Clarke, C.; Delerue, N.; Doucasa, G.; Reicholda, A.

    2012-01-01

    Advanced accelerators for fourth generation light sources based on high brightness linacs or laser-driven wakefield accelerators will operate with intense, highly relativistic electron bunches that are only a few fs long. Diagnostic techniques for the determination of temporal profile of such bunches are required to be non invasive, single shot, economic and with the required resolution in the fs regime. The use of a radiative process such as coherent Smith-Purcell radiation (SPR), is particularly promising with this respect. In this technique the beam is made to radiate a small amount of electromagnetic radiation and the temporal profile is reconstructed from the measured spectral distribution of the radiation. We summarise the advantages of SPR and present the design parameters and preliminary results of the experiments at the FACET facility at SLAC. We also discuss a new approach to the problem of the recovery of the 'missing phase', which is essential for the accurate reconstruction of the temporal bunch profile.

  12. Maldives: An archipelago that burns. A first survey of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs from human activities

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Colombo, Andrea, E-mail: andrea.colombo@marionegri.it [Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS — Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Milano (Italy); Bettinetti, Roberta [Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, via Dunant 3, Varese, VA (Italy); Strona, Giovanni [European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Via Enrico Fermi 1, I-21020 Ispra, VA (Italy); Cambria, Felice; Fanelli, Roberto [Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS — Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”, Milano (Italy); Zubair, Zameer [CDE Consulting, Orchidmaage, Ameeru Ahmed Magu, 20095 Malé (Maldives); Galli, Paolo [Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, via Dunant 3, Varese, VA (Italy); MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Centre), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll (Maldives)

    2014-11-01

    Due to its geographical peculiarities, the Republic of Maldives represents a case study of great interest for the investigation of persistent organic pollutants, from both a socio-economic and an ecological perspective. Thus, we conducted a first survey to assess the current status of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl (DL-PCB) concentrations in Maldivian soils. The range for PCDD/F and DL-PCB soil concentrations was 0.01–49.3 pg WHO{sub 2005}-TEQ g{sup −1} and 0.01–3.69 pg WHO{sub 2005}-TEQ g{sup −1} dw respectively. PCDD/F concentrations exceeding several international soil guidelines were found in samples from locations in the proximity of local waste combustion sources. DL-PCB concentrations were lower than PCDD/Fs and comparable to those in previous reports from background areas and in areas with developing industrial and agricultural activities. PCDD/F and DL-PCB levels (expressed as WHO{sub 2005}-TEQ) in soils were strongly correlated (r = 0.89), which suggests that, in most of the sites, they are originated from the same emission sources. Results indicate that PCDD/F soil concentrations (expressed as WHO{sub 2005}-TEQ) tend to decrease with the distance from the local pollution sources. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that PCDD/Fs in the most polluted locations are mainly generated by waste combustion. These findings highlight the need for immediate changes in waste management policies in the Archipelago, in order to reduce the release of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in the fragile local environment. - Highlights: • PCDD/F concentrations were higher in the proximity local waste combustion sources. • DL-PCB concentrations are markedly lower than PCDD/Fs. • PCDD/F and DL-PCB concentrations are well correlated. • PCDD/F concentration decrease with the distance from local sources. • PCA identified the PCDD/F pollution source in the most

  13. Towards a Comparative Analysis of Democratic Innovations. Lessons from a small-N fsQCA of Participatory Budgeting

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ryan, Matt

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available While there has been a proliferation of academic interest in ‘democratic innovations’, most empirical analysis tends to rely on single case studies. Very little attention has been given to the comparative analysis of innovations, in particular the conditions under which they emerge and are sustained. Recent studies of participatory budgeting (PB have begun to utilise cross-case analysis in an attempt to explain divergent outcomes. This paper argues that the comparative analysis of democratic innovations could be enhanced significantly through the application of the relatively novel technique of fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA. A small- N study of PBs is offered to identify the potential (and pitfalls of using fsQCA to evaluate the conditions under which such an innovation is institutionalised effectively.

    Aunque el interés académico por las “innovaciones democráticas” ha proliferado, la mayoría de los análisis empíricos se apoyan en un solo caso de estudio. Se ha prestado poca atención al análisis comparativo de las innovaciones, en concreto de las condiciones en que emergen y se mantienen. Algunos estudios recientes sobre presupuestos participativos (PP han comenzado a emplear análisis de casos cruzados en un intento por explicar los resultados divergentes. En este artículo se sostiene que el análisis comparado de las innovaciones podría mejorar significativamente mediante la aplicación de una técnica relativamente nueva, el análisis cualitativo comparado de conjuntos difusos (fsQCA. Aquí se ofrece un estudio de N pequeña sobre PP para identificar el potencial (y las dificultades que entraña el empleo de fsQCA para evaluar las condiciones en las que tal innovación se institucionaliza de forma efectiva.

  14. Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter and Dissolved Organic Carbon from Sea-Viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor (SeaWiFS), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and MERIS Sensors: Case Study for the Northern Gulf of Mexico

    OpenAIRE

    Blake A. Schaeffer; Thomas S. Bianchi; Eurico J. D'Sa; Christopher L. Osburn; Nazanin Chaichi Tehrani

    2013-01-01

    Empirical band ratio algorithms for the estimation of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) for Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and MERIS ocean color sensors were assessed and developed for the northern Gulf of Mexico. Match-ups between in situ measurements of CDOM absorption coefficients at 412 nm (aCDOM(412)) with that derived from SeaWiFS were examined using two previously reported r...

  15. Emission of PCDD/Fs from Domestic Combustion Using Various Woods, Biofuel and Coals

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Ocelka, T.; Tomšej, T.; Horák, J.; Šyc, Michal; Krpec, K.; Hopan, F.; Stáňa, M.

    LVI, č. 2 (2010), s. 149-154 ISSN 1210-0471 R&D Projects: GA MŽP(CZ) SP/1A2/116/07; GA MŠk 2B08048 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40720504 Keywords : combustion * solid fuels * emission factors Subject RIV: DI - Air Pollution ; Quality http://transactions.fs.vsb.cz/2010-2/1793.pdf

  16. A Comparison of Five Alternative Approaches to Information Systems Development

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rudy Hirschheim

    1997-11-01

    Full Text Available The field of information systems (IS has grown dramatically over the past three decades. Recent trends have transformed the IS landscape. These trends include: the evolution of implementation technology from centralized mainframe environments towards distributed client-server architectures, embracing the internet and intranets; changes in user interface technology from character-based to graphical user interfaces, multimedia, and the World Wide Web; changes in applications from transaction processing systems towards systems supporting collaborative work; and the use of information technology as an enabler of business process reengineering and redesign. These technology changes coupled with changes in organizations and their operating environment, such as the growth of the network and virtual organization, internationalization and globalization of many organizations, intensified global competition, changes in values such as customer orientation (service quality and Quality of Working Life, have imposed new demands on the development of information systems. These changes have led to an increasing discussion about information systems development (ISO, and in particular, the various methods, tools, methodologies, and approaches for ISD. We believe such discussion has opened the door for new, alternative IS development approaches and methodologies. Our paper takes up this theme by describing five alternative ISD approaches, namely the Interactionist approach, the Speech Act-based approach, Soft Systems Methodology, the Trade Unionist approach, and the Professional Work Practices approach. Despite the fact that most of these approaches have a history of over 15 years, their relevance to IS development is not well recognized in the mainstream of IS practice and research, nor is their institutional status comparable to traditional approaches such as structured analysis and design methods. Therefore we characterize the five approaches as 'alternative' in

  17. Distribution of PCDD/Fs and organometallic compounds in sewage sludge of wastewater treatment plants in China

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lu Mang; Wu Xuejiao; Zeng Decai; Liao Yong

    2012-01-01

    Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), organotin and organolead compounds were measured in sewage sludge samples collected from 24 wastewater treatment plants from 18 cities of 13 provinces in China. Total international toxicity equivalent (I-TEQ) values were evaluated for PCDD/Fs. The total concentration of PCDD/Fs ranged from 104.0 to 1661 pg/g dry weight (d.w.) and 2.51–75.21 pg I-TEQ/g d.w., indicating that all I-TEQs were below Chinese legislation limit value regulated for land application. The concentrations ranged from 258 to 3886, 126 to 1129, and 84–2133 ng/g as Sn d.w., for tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT), and diphenyltin (DPhT), respectively. On the other side, organolead concentrations ranged from 85 to 668 with an average of 279 ng/g as lead. High concentrations of organolead compounds in sewage sludge indicated that the environmental impact of organolead compounds remains in China. - Highlights: ► The first study on PCDD/F distribution in sewage sludge in China on a national scale. ► The first study on organometallic compounds distribution in sewage sludge on a national scale. ► The persistence of tetraethyllead deserves attention. - This is the first study on the survey of the distributions of POPs and organometallic compounds in sewage sludge in China on a national scale.

  18. Evaluating energy-system alternatives in the context of sustainable development

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wilson, D.

    1993-01-01

    Growing awareness of the negative social, environmental and economic impacts caused by the production, distribution and end-use consumption of energy has led the search for alternatives to become increasingly urgent and complex. The need for analytical methods and tools for evaluating options and opportunities is particularly acute in rapidly developing countries. The aim of this article is to illustrate the broad range of issues and impacts that are important for evaluating and comparing energy-system alternatives in the context of sustainable development. The feasibility of producing and utilizing biomass-based ethanol as an alternative transportation fuel in Thailand is explored herein to provide examples and a forum for discussion of these issues. Scenarios describe the conditions under which a significant potential for fuel-switching to domestically-produced ethanol appears to exist. Harnessing this potential could lead to important improvements in the energy system's impacts on human health, Thailand's economy, and the environment. Achieving these improvements, however, would require comprehensive and long-term planning and support on the part of the Thai government

  19. DIAGNOSIS OF ALTERNATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN THE CITY OF UBÁ-MG

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Patrícia Sperandio Duriguetto

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Conventional agriculture uses mechanization practices, remediation and soil fertilization and pesticides to control pests and diseases. The criticism of this farming system grows as studies show that pesticides contaminate food and the environment and cause health damage. Aiming at sustainable development and the pursuit of consolidation between the social, economic and ecological agriculture alternative arises. This work is outlined in order to understand the current status, characteristics, limitations and difficulties for the implementation of alternative agriculture in the municipality of Ubá-MG. Furthermore, we seek to identify the knowledge of agricultural alternative as well as the interest and profile of likely consumers of these products in the municipality. We conducted a quantitative research through the use of two questionnaires with multiple choice questions and dichotomous, by simple random sampling. The results show that there are many difficulties for the development of alternative agriculture in the county, including: a lack of resources for producers, small-scale production, lack of market and consumer knowledge about alternative product in the municipality. Given these difficulties, the alternative system seems advantageous and competitive both economically and environmentally compared to the conventional system. There was a lack of information regarding organic products, alternative, since access to these is restricted to much of the population in the municipality of Ubá and adjacent municipalities. Seeking theoretical basis it was necessary also to perform a literature search in several papers that address the theme.

  20. Uncorrected and Corrected Distance Visual Acuity, Predictability, Efficacy, and Safety after Femtosecond Laser in Situ Keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and Refractive Lenticule extraction (ReLEx) for Moderate and High Myopia

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Vestergaard, Anders; Justesen, Birgitte Larsen; Melsen, Charlotte

    Title: Uncorrected and Corrected Distance Visual Acuity, Predictability, Efficacy, and Safety after Femtosecond Laser in Situ Keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and Refractive Lenticule extraction (ReLEx) for Moderate and High Myopia. Vestergaard A., Justesen B., Melsen C., Lyhne N., Department of Ophthal......Title: Uncorrected and Corrected Distance Visual Acuity, Predictability, Efficacy, and Safety after Femtosecond Laser in Situ Keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and Refractive Lenticule extraction (ReLEx) for Moderate and High Myopia. Vestergaard A., Justesen B., Melsen C., Lyhne N., Department...... predictability, efficacy and safety after femtosecond LASIK (FS-LASIK) with ReLEx. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark. Methods: Retrospective study of results after FS-LASIK and ReLEx (including ReLEx flex, ReLEx pseudo-smile, and ReLEx smile). In total, 228 eyes were...... treated with FS-LASIK and 83 eyes with ReLEx, at the Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital in the period of April to November 2011. Only otherwise healthy myopic eyes with up to 3.00 D of astigmatism and with CDVA ≤ 0.30 (logMAR) before surgery were included in this study. FS-LASIK flaps...

  1. Using XRootD to provide caches for CernVM-FS

    CERN Document Server

    Domenighini, Matteo

    2017-01-01

    CernVM-FS recently added the possibility of using plugin for cache management. In order to investigate the capabilities and limits of such possibility, an XRootD plugin was written and benchmarked; as a byproduct, a POSIX plugin was also generated. The tests revealed that the plugin interface introduces no signicant performance over- head; moreover, the XRootD plugin performance was discovered to be worse than the ones of the built-in cache manager and the POSIX plugin. Further test of the XRootD component revealed that its per- formance is dependent on the server disk speed.

  2. Alternative Water Processor Test Development

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pickering, Karen D.; Mitchell, Julie; Vega, Leticia; Adam, Niklas; Flynn, Michael; Wjee (er. Rau); Lunn, Griffin; Jackson, Andrew

    2012-01-01

    The Next Generation Life Support Project is developing an Alternative Water Processor (AWP) as a candidate water recovery system for long duration exploration missions. The AWP consists of biological water processor (BWP) integrated with a forward osmosis secondary treatment system (FOST). The basis of the BWP is a membrane aerated biological reactor (MABR), developed in concert with Texas Tech University. Bacteria located within the MABR metabolize organic material in wastewater, converting approximately 90% of the total organic carbon to carbon dioxide. In addition, bacteria convert a portion of the ammonia-nitrogen present in the wastewater to nitrogen gas, through a combination of nitrogen and denitrification. The effluent from the BWP system is low in organic contaminants, but high in total dissolved solids. The FOST system, integrated downstream of the BWP, removes dissolved solids through a combination of concentration-driven forward osmosis and pressure driven reverse osmosis. The integrated system is expected to produce water with a total organic carbon less than 50 mg/l and dissolved solids that meet potable water requirements for spaceflight. This paper describes the test definition, the design of the BWP and FOST subsystems, and plans for integrated testing.

  3. Heavy metals and PCDD/Fs in solid waste incinerator fly ash in Zhejiang province, China: chemical and bio-analytical characterization.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yao, Jun; Li, Wenbing; Xia, Fangfang; Zheng, Yuange; Fang, Chengran; Shen, Dongsheng

    2012-06-01

    Fly ash samples were taken from solid waste incinerators with different feeding waste, furnace type, and air pollution control device in six cities of Zhejiang province. The solid waste incinerators there constitute one fifth of incinerators in China. Heavy metals and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were analyzed in the fly ash. Moreover, the fly ash samples were extracted by toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). The biotoxicity of the leachate was evaluated by Chlorella pyrenoidosa. High variation and contents were found for both the heavy metals and PCDD/Fs. The contents of Zn, Cu, As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Hg in the fly ash samples varied from 300 to 32,100, 62.1-1175, 1.1-57, 61.6-620, 0.4-223, 16.6-4380, 1.2-94.7, and 0.03-1.4 μg g(-1) dw, respectively. The total contents of 17 PCDD/Fs varied from 0.1128 to 127.7939 μg g(-1) dw, and the 2,3,7,8-TeCDD toxic equivalents (TEQ) of PCDD/Fs ranged from 0.009 to 6.177 μg g(-1) dw. PCDF congeners were the main contributor to the TEQ. The leachate of the fly ash showed biotoxicity to C. pyrenoidosa. A significant correlation was found between the Cd and EC(50) values. Further research is required to investigate the environmental impact of the various pollutants in the fly ash.

  4. Summary: analysis of alternative FBR development strategies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Burnham, J.B.

    1981-12-01

    This report summarizes the comparative evaluation of alternative strategies for the development of the commercial fast breeder reactor (FBR) in the United States. For planning purposes, a range of possible FBR development paths called strategies were selected for evaluation. These strategies, designed to be technically and economically feasible, were expressed in terms of the timing and nature of facilities/research and development programs required to reach full power operation of the first commercial FBR. Four of the seven strategies resulted in a large (1457 MWe) FBR as an end point, the other three in a 1000-MWe plant. Probability distributions were calculated for total strategy costs and time to completion. For the seven strategies analyzed, the costs (discounted 1980 dollars) ranged from $1.8 billion to $4.9 billion; the completion times ranged from 24 to 55 years

  5. Identification and development of waste management alternatives for Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Desmond, Margaret

    2009-01-01

    The European Union Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Directive (2001/42/EC) requires the assessment of likely significant effects on the environment of implementing plans or programmes and reasonable alternatives. While SEA regulations and guidelines emphasize rigour and objectivity in the assessment of alternatives they have little to say on their actual identification. Therefore, criteria should be developed which would aid decision makers in the identification of alternatives appropriate to the tier of decision-making and which meet the objectives of SEA. A methodology is set out in this paper for identifying SEA alternatives for a proposed waste management plan/programme. Specifically, the methodology describes a set of alternatives identification criteria, which will meet the requirements and objectives of SEA and waste management legislation. The outputs from the methodology will help focus on the identification of more sustainable alternatives for waste management planning in Ireland

  6. [Correlation of Persistent Free Radicals, PCDD/Fs and Metals in Waste Incineration Fly Ash].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Tian-jiao; Chen, Tong; Zhan, Ming-xiu; Guo, Ying; Li, Xiao-dong

    2016-03-15

    Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are relatively highly stable and found in the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). Recent studies have concentrated on model dioxin formation reactions and there are few studies on actual waste incineration fly ash. In order to study EPFRs and the correlation with dioxins and heavy metals in waste incineration fly ash, the spins of EPFRs, concentration of PCDD/Fs and metals in samples from 6 different waste incinerators were detected. The medical waste incineration fly ash from Tianjin, municipal solid waste incineration fly ash from Jiangxi Province, black carbon and slag from municipal solid waste incinerator in Lanxi, Zhejiang Province, all contained EPFRs. Above all the signal in Tianjin sample was the strongest. Hydroxyl radicals, carbon-center radicals and semiquinone radicals were detected. Compared with other samples, Jiangxi fly ash had the highest toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) of dioxins, up to 7.229 4 ng · g⁻¹. However, the dioxin concentration in the Tianjin sample containing the strongest EPFR signals was only 0.092 8 ng · g⁻¹. There was perhaps little direct numeric link between EPFRs and PCDD/Fs. But the spins of EPFRs in samples presented an increasing trend as the metal contents increased, especially with Al, Fe, Zn. The signal strength of radicals was purposed to be related to the metal contents. The concentration of Zn (0.813 7% ) in the Tianjin sample was the highest and this sample contained much more spins of oxygen-center radicals. We could presume the metal Zn had a greater effect on the formation of EPFRs, and was easier to induce the formation of radicals with a longer half-life period.

  7. Achievement report for fiscal 1999. FS surveys to excavate international joint research seeds; 1999 nendo kokusai kyodo kenky seeds hakkutsu no tame no FS chosa seika hokokusho

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2000-03-01

    The FS surveys to excavate international joint research seeds are intended to promote international joint researches, whereas surveys have been carried out in fiscal 1999 on eight themes covering as wide scope as new energies, resource conservation, energy conservation, environment preservation, functional materials, information communication technologies, and bio-technologies. The eight themes are: researches on energy conservation in petroleum and petrochemical industries by using advanced distillation processes (to develop an internal heat exchange type distillation column, and realize energy conservation exceeding the minimum reflux status being the limitation of conventional energy saving means), researches on treatment of hard-to-decompose chemical substances by utilizing surface reformation by means of discharge, a new process monitoring technology (process tomography), establishment of human immortalization cells due to co-manifestation of mortalin and telomerase and elucidation of their structure, a remote maintenance technology using integrated type sensors, application of new heat resistant plastics to photo and electronic materials, preparation processes of petroleum catalysts utilizing in situ XAFS, elucidation and design of the structure of the ultra-micro metal activation point in the reaction process, and surveys on necessity of developing a continuous and massive separation system of high-level energy and resource saving type using liquid-liquid distribution. (NEDO)

  8. Concentrations of trace elements and PCDD/Fs around a municipal solid waste incinerator in Girona (Catalonia, Spain). Human health risks for the population living in the neighborhood.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rovira, Joaquim; Nadal, Martí; Schuhmacher, Marta; Domingo, José L

    2018-07-15

    Previously to the modernization of the municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) of Campdorà (Girona, Catalonia, Spain) two sampling campaigns (2015 and 2016) were conducted. In each campaign, 8 soil and 4 air samples (PM 10 and total particle phase and gas phase) were collected. The levels of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Tl and V, and PCDD/Fs were analysed at different distances and wind directions around the MSWI. Environmental levels of trace elements and PCDD/Fs were used to assess exposure and health risks (carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic) for the population living around the facility. In soils, no significant differences were observed for trace elements and PCDD/Fs between both campaigns. In air, significant higher levels of As, Cd, Co, Mn, Ni, Pb, Tl and V were detected in 2016. Regarding soil levels, only Cd (distances) and As, Cu, Mn, and Ni (wind directions) showed significant differences. No differences were noted in the concentrations of trace elements and PCDD/Fs in air levels with respect to distances and directions to the MSWI. No differences were registered in air levels (elements and PCDD/Fs) between points influenced by MSWI emissions and background point. However some differences in congener profile were noted regarding from where back-trajectories come from (HYSPLIT model results), pointing some influence of Barcelona metropolitan area. The concentrations of trace elements and PCDD/Fs were similar -or even lower- than those reported around other MSWIs in Catalonia and various countries. Non-carcinogenic risks were below the safety limit (HQ<1). In turn, carcinogenic risks due to exposure to trace elements and PCDD/Fs were in acceptable ranges, according to national and international standard regulations. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  9. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and biphenyls (PCBs) in home-produced eggs

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Hoogenboom, L.A.P.; Dam, ten G.; Bruggen, van Mark; Jeurissen, Suzanne; Leeuwen, van S.P.J.; Theelen, R.M.C.; Zeilmaker, M.J.

    2016-01-01

    Home produced eggs from 62 addresses in the Netherlands were investigated for the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and biphenyls (PCBs), both dioxin-like (dl) and non-dioxin-like (ndl). Compared to commercial eggs, levels were relatively high with a median of 4.6

  10. Development of Alternative Power Industry Based on Nanotechnologies: Forecast Effects for Russian Economy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Inshakova Elena Ivanovna

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available The aspiration of countries to achieve sustainable economic growth by reducing the energy dependence of the main suppliers of energy resources and by increasing national energy security induces in the conditions of increasing competition between participants in the global energy market the necessity to intensify the use of internal development resources, including the introduction of energy-saving technologies and development of alternative power industry. The urgency of the problems of international competitiveness achievement based on the energy security strengthening, solution of which largely determines the directions of the energy sector development, is increasingly recognized in many countries, including Russia. Timeliness of preparation to the use of substitute innovative energy resources and energy sources, while the traditional fossil fuels are dwindling, is marked as one of the most important principles of the state policy of Russia. All these factors update the development of domestic alternative energy in accordance with the megatrends of the world energy sector. The prospects for the development of modern energy, especially alternative, are associated by many experts with the use of nanotechnologies and nanomaterials. Nanotechnologies contribute to the new opportunities for the use of renewable energy sources and a significant contribution to the production and conservation of energy. The main directions of the effective use of nanotechnologies in the energy sector are: the use of renewable sources; energy storage; reducing the consumption of materials; the use of alternative materials. On the example of the world and Russian practice of nanotechnologies and nanomaterials use in the sphere of wind and solar energy the basic effects of their application, important for the development of alternative energy and of the Russian national economy as a whole, are identified in the article. The most important effects include strengthening

  11. Performance and suggested alternative strategies in developing Indonesian cocoa export business

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bambang Dradjat

    2009-08-01

    Full Text Available This research focussed on the export development of cocoa bean with respect to its export growth, values and competitiveness. Based on this deve-lopment, the aim of this research is to propose alternative development strategies of export business for cocoa bean in the future. The Analysis Hierarchie Process (AHP framework of export business of cocoa bean was arranged consecutively from formulation of focuss or goals, identification of affecting factors and actors, deter mination of actor objectives, and recognition of alternative strategies needed. Each component of goals, factors, actors, objectives, and alternative strategies were valued on the basis of their importance using Saaty scales. Results of interviews with experts were analyzed using AHP technique. The development of cocoa bean export from 2000 to 2006 showed the competitiveness position of Indonesia in the world market was fairly good. In order to increase the growth and values of cocoa bean export, the experts consider the role of government as regulators and facilitators is very important. The government became the main actor for the export development through de/regulation related to the cocoa bean commodity. The objectives of actors could be achieved by combining strategies (i provision of fund in national and regional budget, as well as other sources (ii implementation of recomended technologies of cocoa, (iii acceleration of replanting program, (iv improvement of research productivity in producing high yielding plant materials, (v development of transportation facilities from farms to harbours, (vi development of farmers’ organization and partnerships as well as strategic alliance, and (viii pests and diseases control. Key words: Cocoa bean, expor, role of government, objectives and strategies.

  12. Is the nuclear power an ethic alternative for the development?

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bilegan, Constantin Iosif; Chirica, Teodor

    1999-01-01

    Is the nuclear power an ethical alternative for the development of the energy sector? This is the question the authors try to answer. Nuclear power is subject to constant attacks from different opponent groups. They have managed to make negative public opinion, especially after the Chernobyl accident, which tends to minimise the important of that alternative. Unfortunately, nuclear professionals are also the subjects of that propaganda and even some of us are pessimistic about the future of our sector. The public will accept nuclear power if the producer guarantees that he is able to meet three conditions for the electricity supply: generation without risks for public or the environment, as cost-effective as possible and with high availability. In order to keep the confidence of general public for nuclear power, the authors, with total openness, compared the up-to-date power alternatives. The conclusion is, that for the next future, to avoid the global heating effect and to meet the constrains for a 'cleaner world', the humanity must to rely on nuclear power, besides other cleaner conventional alternatives, as ethical sources of energy. (authors)

  13. Improving solar radiation absorbance of high refractory sintered ceramics by fs Ti:sapphire laser surface treatment

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cappelli, E.; Orlando, S.; Sciti, D.; Bellucci, A.; Lettino, A.; Trucchi, D.M.

    2014-01-01

    Samples of high refractory pressure-less sintered carbide ceramics (HfC based), polished by mechanical grinding to a surface roughness R a ∼ 40 nm, have been surface treated, in vacuum, by fs Ti:sapphire laser, operating at 800 nm wavelength, 1000 Hz repetition rate and 100 fs pulse duration, at fluence varying in the range (∼6–25 J/cm 2 ), to optimize their solar radiation absorbance, in such a way that they could operate as absorber material in an innovative conversion module of solar radiation into electrical energy. To this aim, an area of approximately 9.6 cm 2 was treated by the fs laser beam. The beam strikes perpendicular to the sample, placed on a stage set in motion in the x, y, z-directions, thus generating a scanning pattern of parallel lines. The experimental conditions of laser treatment (energy fluence, speed of transition, overlapping and lateral step distance) were varied in order to optimize the radiation absorption properties of the patterned surface. In laser treated samples the absorption value is increased by about 15%, compared to the original untreated surface, up to a value of final absorbance of about 95%, all over the range of solar radiation spectrum (from UV to IR). The morphological and chemical effects of the treatment have been evaluated by SEM–EDS analysis. At very high fluence, we obtained the characteristic ablation craters and local material decomposition, while at lower fluence (in any case above the threshold) typical periodic nano-structures have been obtained, exploitable for their modified optical properties.

  14. Preliminary studies on fast particle diagnostics for the future fs-laser facility at PALS

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Margarone, Daniele; Krása, Josef; Láska, Leoš; Velyhan, Andriy; Mocek, Tomáš; Torrisi, L.; Ando, L.; Gammino, S.; Prokůpek, J.; Krouský, Eduard; Pfeifer, Miroslav; Ullschmied, Jiří; Rus, Bedřich

    2010-01-01

    Roč. 165, 6-10 (2010), s. 419-428 ISSN 1042-0150 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR IAA100100715 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10100523; CEZ:AV0Z20430508 Keywords : fs-laser plasma * electron streams * ion streams * electron spectrometer * ion collectors Subject RIV: BL - Plasma and Gas Discharge Physics Impact factor: 0.660, year: 2010

  15. Technical Evaluation Report 25: Open Source Software: Two learning management systems

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jim Depow

    2003-10-01

    Full Text Available This report is the second in a two-part series about open source (OSS and free software (FS systems in online education. These are rapidly emerging as alternatives to costly proprietary learning management systems (LMS and content management systems (CMS. This report reviews two LMS systems and one CMS system, all developed on the OSS/ FS principle and available to users free of charge.

  16. Marginal abatement cost curves for NOx that account for ...

    Science.gov (United States)

    A marginal abatement cost curve (MACC) traces out the relationship between the quantity of pollution abated and the marginal cost of abating each additional unit. In the context of air quality management, MACCs typically are developed by sorting end-of-pipe controls by their respective cost effectiveness. Alternative measures, such as renewable electricity, energy efficiency, and fuel switching (RE/EE/FS), are not considered as it is difficult to quantify their abatement potential. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of an energy system model to develop a MACC for nitrogen oxides (NOx) that incorporates both end-of-pipe controls and these alternative measures. We decompose the MACC by sector, and evaluate the cost-effectiveness of RE/EE/FS relative to end-of-pipe controls. RE/EE/FS are shown to produce considerable emission reductions after end-of-pipe controls have been exhausted. Furthermore, some RE/EE/FS are shown to be cost-competitive with end-of-pipe controls. Demonstrate how the MARKAL energy system model can be used to evaluate the potential role of renewable electricity, energy efficiency and fuel switching (RE/EE/FS) in achieving NOx reductions. For this particular analysis, we show that RE/EE/FSs are able to increase the quantity of NOx reductions available for a particular marginal cost (ranging from $5k per ton to $40k per ton) by approximately 50%.

  17. Temperature Measurements in Reacting Flows Using Time-Resolved Femtosecond Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (fs-CARS) Spectroscopy (Postprint)

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Roy, Sukesh; Kinnius, Paul J; Lucht, Robert P; Gord, James R

    2007-01-01

    Time-resolved femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (fs-CARS) spectroscopy of the nitrogen molecule is used for the measurement of temperature in atmospheric-pressure, near-adiabatic, hydrogen-air diffusion flames...

  18. [Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of femtosecond laser comprehensive applications in ophthalmology].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xie, Li-xin; Gao, Hua

    2013-04-01

    The femtosecond (FS) laser is a novel laser technology, and is approved clinical application by FDA in 2000. FS laser initially mainly used in corneal refractive surgery to replace the mechanical microkeratome. Since the accuracy and controllability of the FS laser is very high, it shows superiority in the field of corneal refractive surgery. And with the development of the relative hard and software, FS laser is began to used in other fields of ophthalmology, such as corneal transplants, cataract surgery, as well as assisted diagnosis et al., although still have some limitations, the preliminary clinical results have been shown a very good prospects in the ophthalmology fields. Therefore, we reviewed the alternative applications, challenges and limitations, research direction in the future of FS laser, so that provide a reference and revelations for the peers.

  19. SeaWiFS technical report series. Volume 4: An analysis of GAC sampling algorithms. A case study

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yeh, Eueng-Nan (Editor); Hooker, Stanford B. (Editor); Hooker, Stanford B. (Editor); Mccain, Charles R. (Editor); Fu, Gary (Editor)

    1992-01-01

    The Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) instrument will sample at approximately a 1 km resolution at nadir which will be broadcast for reception by realtime ground stations. However, the global data set will be comprised of coarser four kilometer data which will be recorded and broadcast to the SeaWiFS Project for processing. Several algorithms for degrading the one kilometer data to four kilometer data are examined using imagery from the Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) in an effort to determine which algorithm would best preserve the statistical characteristics of the derived products generated from the one kilometer data. Of the algorithms tested, subsampling based on a fixed pixel within a 4 x 4 pixel array is judged to yield the most consistent results when compared to the one kilometer data products.

  20. Structure of a thermostable serralysin from Serratia sp. FS14 at 1.1 Å resolution.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wu, Dongxia; Ran, Tinting; Wang, Weiwu; Xu, Dongqing

    2016-01-01

    Serralysin is a well studied metalloprotease, and typical serralysins are not thermostable. The serralysin isolated from Serratia sp. FS14 was found to be thermostable, and in order to reveal the mechanism responsible for its thermostability, the crystal structure of serralysin from Serratia sp. FS14 was solved to a crystallographic R factor of 0.1619 at 1.10 Å resolution. Similar to its homologues, it mainly consists of two domains: an N-terminal catalytic domain and a `parallel β-roll' C-terminal domain. Comparative studies show that the shape of the catalytic active-site cavity is more open owing to the 189-198 loop, with a short 310-helix protruding further from the molecular surface, and that the β-sheets comprising the `parallel β-roll' are longer than those in its homologues. The formation of hydrogen bonds from one of the nonconserved residues (Asn200) to Lys27 may contribute to the thermostability.

  1. Indijas kinematogrāfs: Ceļš uz triumfu

    OpenAIRE

    Gumennikovs, Pāvels

    2009-01-01

    Bakalaura darba – „Indijas kinematogrāfs: Ceļš uz triumfu” galvenais mērķis ir izskaidrot un saprast kā Indijas kino industrija nonāca pie pasaules atzinības 2009. gadā ar filmu „Graustu Miljonārs”. Lai izzinātu bakalaura darba galveno mērķi lasītājam būs iespēja arī iepazīties ar Indijas kino industrijas vēsturi, tās struktūru, stratēģijām. Bakalaura darbs parādā kā filmu industrija reaģēja uz dažādiem notikumiem valsts dzīvē laika gaitā. Bakalaura darbs ir veidots tā, lai ...

  2. Pretest analysis document for Semiscale Test S-FS-1

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chen, T.H.

    1985-02-01

    This report documents the pretest analysis calculation completed with the RELAP5/MOD2/CY21 code for Semiscale Test S-FS-1. The test will simulate the double-ended offset shear of the main steam line at the exit of the broken loop steam generator (downstream of the flow restrictor) and the subsequent plant recovery. The recovery portion of the test consists of a plant stabilization phase and a plant cooldown phase. The recovery procedures involve normal charging/letdown operation, pressurizer heater operation, secondary steam and feed of the unaffected steam generator, and pressurizer auxiliary spray. The test will be terminated after the unaffected steam generator and pressurizer pressures and liquid levels are stable, and the average priamry fluid temperature is stable at about 480 K (405 0 F) for at least 10 minutes

  3. Role of decision-tree analysis in the performance of a complex feasibility study

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dworkin, D.; Sarkar, A.; Motwani, J.

    1991-01-01

    This report presents the results of the Feasibility Study (FS) of a National Priorities List (NPL) site in New Jersey and the decision tree that made this FS possible. The development of the decision tree and the remedial action alternatives that address the hazards at the site are presented. The FS efforts were performed in accordance with U.S. EPA guidance under the authority of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA) as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA). A Record of Decision (ROD) is expected in mid-1990. The subject site, the Myers Property site in Franklin Township, New Jersey, has been owned by several individuals and companies since 1811. Uses have included the production of DDT. A Remedial Investigation (RI) was performed by WESTON, the lead technical firm for this feasibility study, which identified soils/sediments, groundwater and buildings on the site as areas of concern. The major chemicals of concern are DDT and its metabolites, polynuclear aromatic compounds, various chlorinated benzenes, dioxin/furan homologues and heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, chromium and nickel. While this FS was developed in accordance with current CERCLA FS guidance and procedures, it was expanded to accommodate several outstanding technical and policy issues. Outstanding technical issues focused on uncertainties with respect to hydrogeologic conditions, and policy issues centered upon the development of the site-specific remedial action goals. A decision tree was established to facilitate the development of remedial strategies. The decision tree formed the basis for the FS and allowed remedial alternatives to be identified and evaluated based on key policy decisions. Site media were addressed as contaminated soils/sediments, groundwater and the on-site buildings

  4. Integrating Complementary and Alternative Medicine Into Conventional Health Care System in Developing Countries

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Mishra, Shiva Raj; Neupane, Dinesh; Kallestrup, Per

    2015-01-01

    Complementary and alternative medicine has been a part of human life and practices since the beginning of time. The role of complementary and alternative medicine for the health of humans is undisputed particularly in light of its role in health promotion and well-being. This article discusses wa...... through which complementary and alternative medicine can be promoted and sustained as an integrated element of health care in developing countries. We specifically present the exemplary of Amchi traditional doctors of Northern Himalayas......Complementary and alternative medicine has been a part of human life and practices since the beginning of time. The role of complementary and alternative medicine for the health of humans is undisputed particularly in light of its role in health promotion and well-being. This article discusses ways...

  5. LRRTM3 Regulates Excitatory Synapse Development through Alternative Splicing and Neurexin Binding

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ji Won Um

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available The four members of the LRRTM family (LRRTM1-4 are postsynaptic adhesion molecules essential for excitatory synapse development. They have also been implicated in neuropsychiatric diseases. Here, we focus on LRRTM3, showing that two distinct LRRTM3 variants generated by alternative splicing regulate LRRTM3 interaction with PSD-95, but not its excitatory synapse-promoting activity. Overexpression of either LRRTM3 variant increased excitatory synapse density in dentate gyrus (DG granule neurons, whereas LRRTM3 knockdown decreased it. LRRTM3 also controlled activity-regulated AMPA receptor surface expression in an alternative splicing-dependent manner. Furthermore, Lrrtm3-knockout mice displayed specific alterations in excitatory synapse density, excitatory synaptic transmission and excitability in DG granule neurons but not in CA1 pyramidal neurons. Lastly, LRRTM3 required only specific splice variants of presynaptic neurexins for their synaptogenic activity. Collectively, our data highlight alternative splicing and differential presynaptic ligand utilization in the regulation of LRRTMs, revealing key regulatory mechanisms for excitatory synapse development.

  6. Alternative Splicing in Breast Cancer and the Potential Development of Therapeutic Tools.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martínez-Montiel, Nancy; Anaya-Ruiz, Maricruz; Pérez-Santos, Martín; Martínez-Contreras, Rebeca D

    2017-10-05

    Alternative splicing is a key molecular mechanism now considered as a hallmark of cancer that has been associated with the expression of distinct isoforms during the onset and progression of the disease. The leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide is breast cancer, and even when the role of alternative splicing in this type of cancer has been established, the function of this mechanism in breast cancer biology is not completely decoded. In order to gain a comprehensive view of the role of alternative splicing in breast cancer biology and development, we summarize here recent findings regarding alternative splicing events that have been well documented for breast cancer evolution, considering its prognostic and therapeutic value. Moreover, we analyze how the response to endocrine and chemical therapies could be affected due to alternative splicing and differential expression of variant isoforms. With all this knowledge, it becomes clear that targeting alternative splicing represents an innovative approach for breast cancer therapeutics and the information derived from current studies could guide clinical decisions with a direct impact in the clinical advances for breast cancer patients nowadays.

  7. The early Pleistocene deciduous hominid molar FS-72 from the Sangiran Dome of Java, Indonesia: A taxonomic reappraisal based on its comparative endostructural characterization.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zanolli, Clément; Grine, Frederick E; Kullmer, Ottmar; Schrenk, Friedemann; Macchiarelli, Roberto

    2015-08-01

    Among the ten fossil hominid deciduous teeth reported so far from the Pleistocene sediments of the Sangiran Dome of Java are two isolated lower second molars: specimens PCG.2 from the Kabuh Formation and FS-72 from the Pucangan Formation. While PCG.2 appears to be certainly attributable to Homo erectus, FS-72 is somewhat more problematic, even though it is commonly listed within the Indonesian H. erectus hypodigm. Largely because of its large size, it was originally attributed to Meganthropus paleojavanicus. Subsequent study highlighted a set of metric and nonmetric crown features also found in Australopith and African early Homo (notably H. habilis) homologues. An additional problem with the taxonomic assignment of isolated teeth from the Pleistocene of Java is the presence of Pongo in these same deposits. To assess the taxonomic affinity of FS-72, we investigated its inner structure (tissue proportions and enamel-dentine junction morphology) by using techniques of 2-3D virtual imaging coupled with geometric morphometric analyses. The results show that FS-72 has thinner enamel compared to fossil and recent humans and that its topographic repartition more closely follows the pongine pattern. It also exhibits a Pongo-like elongated morphology of the enamel-dentine junction, with proportionally lower and mesiodistally spaced dentine horns. Given the morphological and metric similarities between fossil orangutan and H. erectus molars, we tested the hypothesis that its internal morphology more closely resembles the patterns evinced by PCG.2 and modern humans than Pongo. Accordingly, we consider that FS-72 more likely represents a dm2 of Pongo rather than Homo. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  8. Synergy of iron and copper oxides in the catalytic formation of PCDD/Fs from 2-monochlorophenol.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Potter, Phillip M; Guan, Xia; Lomnicki, Slawomir M

    2018-07-01

    Transition metal oxides present in waste incineration systems have the ability to catalyze the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) through surface reactions involving organic dioxin precursors. However, studies have concentrated on the catalytic effects of individual transition metal oxides, while the complex elemental composition of fly ash introduces the possibility of synergistic or inhibiting effects between multiple, catalytically active components. In this study, we have tested fly ash surrogates containing different ratios (by weight) of iron (III) oxide and copper (II) oxide. Such Fe 2 O 3 /CuO mixed-oxide surrogates (in the Fe:Cu ratio of 3.5, 0.9 and 0.2 ) were used to study the cooperative effects between two transition metals that are present in high concentrations in most combustion systems and are known to individually catalyze the formation of PCDD/Fs. The presence of both iron and copper oxides increased the oxidative power of the fly ash surrogates in oxygen rich conditions and led to extremely high PCDD/F yields under pyrolytic conditions (up to >5% yield) from 2-monochlorophenol precursor. PCDD/F congener profiles from the mixed oxide samples are similar to results obtained from only CuO, however the total PCDD/F yield increases with increasing Fe 2 O 3 content. Careful analysis of the reaction products and changes to the oxidation states of active metals indicate the CuO surface sites are centers for reaction while the Fe 2 O 3 is affecting the bonds in CuO and increasing the ability of copper centers to form surface-bound radicals that are precursors to PCDD/Fs. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  9. Phytoplankton Biomass Dynamics in the Strait of Malacca within the Period of the SeaWiFS Full Mission: Seasonal Cycles, Interannual Variations and Decadal-Scale Trends

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eko Siswanto

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available Seasonal cycles, interannual variations and decadal trends of Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS-retrieved chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a in the Strait of Malacca (SM were investigated with reconstructed, cloud-free SeaWiFS Chl-a during the period of the SeaWiFS full mission (September 1997 to December 2010. Pixel-based non-parametric correlations of SeaWiFS Chl-a on environmental variables were used to identify the probable causes of the observed spatio-temporal variations of SeaWiFS Chl-a in northern, middle and southern regions of the SM. Chl-a was high (low during the northeast (southwest monsoon. The principal causes of the seasonality were wind-driven vertical mixing in the northern region and wind-driven coastal upwelling and possibly river discharges in the middle region. Among the three regions, the southern region showed the largest interannual variations of Chl-a. These variations were associated with the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO and river runoff. Interannual variations of Chl-a in the middle and northern regions were more responsive to the Indian Ocean Dipole and ENSO, respectively, with atmospheric deposition being the most important driver. The most significant decadal-scale trend of increasing Chl-a was in the southern region; the trend was moderate in the middle region. This increasing trend was probably caused by environmental changes unrelated to the variables investigated in this study.

  10. Delayed Development of Feeding Skills in Children with Feeding Difficulties—Cross-sectional Study in a Brazilian Reference Center

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cláudia C. Ramos

    2017-10-01

    Full Text Available BackgroundDelays in gross motor development, sensory processing issues, and organic and behavioral problems are known to interfere in the development of feeding skills (FS; and—therefore—in the success of the process of feeding a child. Children with feeding difficulties (FD commonly present inadequacy of FS.ObjectivesAssessment of five FS in Brazilian children with FD, and search of associations with types of FD.MethodsCross-sectional study with 70 children below 10 years old. Data were obtained from medical records: age, gender, age at texture transitions, feeding phase (breastfeeding, weaning to solids or full solids at first complaint; characteristics of the meal (duration, environment, and shared meals with adults, self-feeding practices, use of feeding equipment and bottle, mouthing, feeding position and FD diagnosis. Skills were categorized according to standards for age. Chi-Square, Anova Test (or non-parametric equivalent and Multinomial logistic regression tests were used, with a significance level of 5%.ResultsThere was no difference in FS (p > 0.05 or in the number of FS inadequateness (p = 0.84 according to FD diagnosis. The majority (94% of children presented at least one delayed development of FS; 1/3 presented delays in more than half of the FS. The most prevalent inadequacies in FS were inadequate feeding position (73.5%, prolonged bottle feeding (56.9%, and inadequate self-feeding practices (37.9%. Feeding complaints first appeared at 10.9 ± 11.4 months, and picky eating was the most prevalent type of FD (37.1%. Most children were fed in inadequate environments (55.2%, without the company of adults (78%. Transition to solid foods occurred at 16 ± 5.6 months. Multinomial logistic regression showed no difference in likelihood of presenting any type of FD compared to picky eating, according to FS. Age at texture transition both from breastfeeding to complementary feeding (p = 0.95, and from

  11. Comparison of SeaWiFS and MODIS time series of inherent optical properties for the Adriatic Sea

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F. Mélin

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available Time series of inherent optical properties (IOPs derived from SeaWiFS and MODIS are compared for the Adriatic Sea. The IOPs are outputs of the Quasi-Analytical Algorithm and include total absorption a, phytoplankton absorption aph, absorption associated with colored detrital material (CDM acdm, and particle backscattering coefficient bbp. The average root-mean square difference Δ computed for log-transformed distributions decreases for $a$ from 0.084 at 412 nm to 0.052 at 490 nm, is higher for aph(443 (0.149 than for acdm(443 (0.071, and is approximately 0.165 for bbp at various wavelengths. The SeaWiFS a at 443 and 490 nm, aph at 443 nm and bbp are on average higher than the MODIS counterparts. Statistics show significant variations in space and time. There is an overall increasing gradient for Δ associated with the absorption terms from the open southern and central Adriatic to the northwest part of the basin, and a reversed gradient for the particulate backscattering coefficient. For time series analysis, only a(412 and acdm(443 currently present an unbiased continuity bridging the SeaWiFS and MODIS periods for the Adriatic Sea.

  12. Alternatives for the treatment and disposal of healthcare wastes in developing countries

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Diaz, L.F.; Savage, G.M.; Eggerth, L.L.

    2005-01-01

    Waste production in healthcare facilities in developing countries has brought about a variety of concerns due to the use of inappropriate methods of managing the wastes. Inappropriate treatment and final disposal of the wastes can lead to adverse impacts to public health, to occupational health and safety, and to the environment. Unfortunately, most economically developing countries suffer a variety of constraints to adequately managing these wastes. Generally in developing countries, few individuals in the staff of the healthcare facility are familiar with the procedures required for a proper waste management program. Furthermore, the management of wastes usually is delegated to poorly educated laborers who perform most activities without proper guidance and insufficient protection. This paper presents some of the most common treatment and disposal methods utilized in the management of infectious healthcare wastes in developing countries. The methods discussed include: autoclave; microwave; chemical disinfection; combustion (low-, medium-, and high-technology); and disposal on the ground (dump site, controlled landfill, pits, and sanitary landfill). Each alternative for treatment and disposal is explained, including a description of the types of wastes that can and cannot be treated. Background information on the technologies also is included in order to provide information to those who may not be familiar with the details of each alternative. In addition, a brief presentation of some of the emissions from each of the treatment and disposal alternatives is presented

  13. Colon-targeted delivery of cyclosporine A using dual-functional Eudragit® FS30D/PLGA nanoparticles ameliorates murine experimental colitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Naeem, Muhammad; Bae, Junhwan; Oshi, Murtada A; Kim, Min-Soo; Moon, Hyung Ryong; Lee, Bok Luel; Im, Eunok; Jung, Yunjin; Yoo, Jin-Wook

    2018-01-01

    Colon-targeted oral nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as an ideal, safe, and effective therapy for ulcerative colitis (UC) owing to their ability to selectively accumulate in inflamed colonic mucosa. Cyclosporine A (CSA), an immunosuppressive agent, has long been used as rescue therapy in severe steroid-refractory UC. In this study, we developed CSA-loaded dual-functional polymeric NPs composed of Eudragit ® FS30D as a pH-sensitive polymer for targeted delivery to the inflamed colon, and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) as a sustained-release polymer. CSA-loaded Eudragit FS30D nanoparticles (ENPs), PLGA nanoparticles (PNPs), and Eudragit FS30D/PLGA nanoparticles (E/PNPs) were prepared using the oil-in-water emulsion method. Scanning electron microscope images and zeta size data showed successful preparation of CSA-loaded NPs. PNPs exhibited a burst drug release of >60% at pH 1.2 (stomach pH) in 0.5 h, which can lead to unwanted systemic absorption and side effects. ENPs effectively inhibited the burst drug release at pH 1.2 and 6.8 (proximal small intestine pH); however, nearly 100% of the CSA in ENPs was released rapidly at pH 7.4 (ileum-colon pH) owing to complete NP dissolution. In contrast to single-functional PNPs and ENPs, the dual-functional E/PNPs minimized burst drug release (only 18%) at pH 1.2 and 6.8, and generated a sustained release at pH 7.4 thereafter. Importantly, in distribution studies in the gastrointestinal tracts of mice, E/PNPs significantly improved CSA distribution to the colon compared with PNPs or ENPs. In a mouse model of colitis, E/PNP treatment improved weight loss and colon length, and decreased rectal bleeding, spleen weight, histological scoring, myeloperoxidase activity, macrophage infiltration, and expression of proinflammatory cytokines compared with PNPs or ENPs. Overall, this work confirms the benefits of CSA-loaded E/PNPs for efficiently delivering CSA to the colon, suggesting their potential for UC therapy.

  14. Congener Profiles and Source-Wise Phase Partitioning Analysis of PCDDs/Fs and PCBs in Gyeonggi-Do Ambient Air, South Korea

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jongwon Heo

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available The atmospheric concentrations and gas–particle partitioning of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDDs/Fs and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs were investigated at two sites (Suwon and Ansan in Gyeonggi-do, a heavily industrialized area of Korea, during the year 2010. The sum level (Σ17 of PCDDs/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs in the ambient air at Suwon and Ansan ranged from 0.04 to 0.30 pg-TEQ·m−3 (geometric mean: 0.09 pg-TEQ·m−3 and 0.17 to 0.63 pg-TEQ·m−3 (geometric mean: 0.36 pg-TEQ·m−3, respectively. Moreover, the geometric mean concentrations of Σ180 PCBs at Suwon and Ansan were 233.6 pg·m−3 and 274.2 pg·m−3, respectively, and di-chlorinated biphenyls and tri-chlorinated biphenyls were the predominant homologs. Among the PCB congeners, 3,3'-dichlorobiphenyl (PCB-11 was the dominant species at both sites during all sampling periods, comprising up to 15.1% of Σ180 PCBs at Ansan and 24.6% at Suwon. We evaluated their gas-to-particle equilibriums by conducting regression between the particle–gas partition coefficient Kp (m3·ug−1 and the corresponding subcooled liquid vapor pressure (PL°. The slope (m values for log–log plots of Kp vs. PL° were steeper in industrial areas owing to local source proximity. Moreover, owing to enhanced emissions from combustion-related sources at low temperatures, PCDD/Fs exhibited the largest deviation from the regression line of the particle–gas partition coefficient. Incinerators were found to be the primary emission source of atmospheric PCDDs/Fs, whereas re-evaporation from pre-existing environmental loads (e.g., storage areas or spilled soil and water bodies was the dominant source for PCBs.

  15. Failure Analysis of Cracked FS-85 Tubing and ASTAR-811C End Caps

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    ME Petrichek

    2006-01-01

    Failure analyses were performed on cracked FS-85 tubing and ASTAR-811C and caps which had been fabricated as components of biaxial creep specimens meant to support materials testing for the NR Space program. During the failure analyses of cracked FS-85 tubing, it was determined that the failure potentially could be due to two effects: possible copper contamination from the EDM (electro-discharge machined) recast layer and/or an insufficient solution anneal. to prevent similar failures in the future, a more formal analysis should be done after each processing step to ensure the quality of the material before further processing. During machining of the ASTAR-811FC rod to form end caps for biaxial creep specimens, linear defects were observed along the center portion of the end caps. These defects were only found in material that was processed from the top portion of the ingot. The linear defects were attributed to a probable residual ingot pipe that was not removed from the ingot. During the subsequent processing of the ingot to rod, the processing temperatures were not high enough to allow self healing of the ingot's residual pipe defect. To prevent this from occurring in the future, it is necessary to ensure that complete removal of the as-melted ingot pipe is verified by suitable non-destructive evaluation (NDE)

  16. Long-term monitoring of atmospheric PCDD/Fs at Mount Lulin during spring season: PCDD/F source apportionment through a simultaneous measurement in Southeast Asia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hung, Ngo Tuan; Li, Chueh Ting; Wang, Sheng Hsiang; Ou-Yang, Chang-Feng; Lin, Chuan-Yao; Lee, Chung-Te; Lin, Neng-Huei; Chi, Kai Hsien

    2017-10-01

    A long term assessment of atmospheric polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) at Mt. Lulin, located in center of Taiwan was carried out from 2008 to 2013 (n = 81) assuming Mt. Lulin to be background area. During monitoring processes, PCDD/F samples collected in the field occasionally reached high concentration. To investigate this situation, simultaneous sample collection was carried out in Southeast Asia countries (i.e., Vietnam and Thailand) and Taiwan in 2013. The average concentration of atmospheric PCDD/Fs in biomass-burning source regions, namely Son La and Doi Ang Khang were 19.8 ± 12.1 fg I-TEQ m -3 (n = 19) and 17.8 ± 12.4 fg I-TEQ m -3 (n = 20), respectively. In the downwind area of Mt. Lulin, the average concentration of PCDD/Fs was found to be 4.64 ± 3.77 fg I-TEQ m -3 (n = 18). PCDD/F concentration in the source region was much higher than that in the downwind region. On March 19, 2013, the atmospheric PCDD/F concentrations increased dramatically from 7.71 to 484 fg I-TEQ m -3 at Mt. Lulin, which many times exceeded that of assumed source region in Southeast Asia. Moreover, mainland Southeast Asia and the southeast coast of China was suspected to be the main contributors of atmospheric PCDD/Fs and biomass markers, such as nonsea-salt K + and NH 4 + , during the spring. WRF-Chem and Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) simulations have confirmed this correlation. It can be concluded that atmospheric PCDD/Fs observed at Mt. Lulin during spring mostly derived from the air mass transport not only from Southeast Asia but also the southeast coast of China. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  17. Emission profiles of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), dioxin-like PCBs and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) from secondary metallurgy industries in Portugal.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Antunes, Pedro; Viana, Paula; Vinhas, Tereza; Rivera, J; Gaspar, Elvira M S M

    2012-09-01

    This paper reports, for the first time, a study of dioxin emissions from 10 siderurgies and metallurgies, secondary copper, aluminum and lead metallurgies, in Portugal. The study reports the emission factors and total emission amounts of PCDD/Fs, dioxin-like PCBs and hexachlorobenzene (HCB). The congener patterns were characterized and are discussed. The results showed that the total amount of PCDFs is higher than PCDDs in flue gas of each industrial unit. The toxic equivalent emission factors of pollutants emitted are 3098-3338 ngI-TEQt(-1) for PCDD/Fs and 597-659 ng I-TEQt(-1) for dioxin-like PCBs in siderurgies production (total estimated emission amounts released to atmosphere of 3.9-4.5 g I-TEQyr(-1)), 50-152 ng I-TEQt(-1) for PCDD/Fs and 24-121 ng I-TEQt(-1) for dioxin-like PCBs in ferrous foundries production (total estimated emission amounts released to atmosphere of 0.0010-0.0016 g I-TEQyr(-1)) and 5.8-5715 ng I-TEQt(-1) for PCDD/Fs and 0.49-259 ng I-TEQt(-1) for dioxin-like PCBs in non-ferrous foundries production (total estimated emission amounts released to atmosphere of 0.00014-0.12 g I-TEQyr(-1)). The HCB emission from siderurgies production is 0.94-3.2 mg t(-1) (total estimated emission amounts released 0.94-3.8 g yr(-1)), being much smaller, residual, in the emissions of the other types of plants (0.0012-0.026 mg t(-1) production and total estimated emission amounts released to atmosphere of 0.013-1.7 mg yr(-1)). Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  18. Estimation and characterization of PCDD/Fs, dl-PCBs, PCNs, HxCBz and PeCBz emissions from magnesium metallurgy facilities in China.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nie, Zhiqiang; Zheng, Minghui; Liu, Wenbin; Zhang, Bing; Liu, Guorui; Su, Guijin; Lv, Pu; Xiao, Ke

    2011-12-01

    Magnesium production is considered to be one potential source of unintentional persistent organic pollutants (unintentional POPs). However, studies on the emissions of unintentional POPs from magnesium metallurgy are still lacking. Emissions of unintentional POPs, such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), hexachlorobenzene (HxCBz) and pentachlorobenzene (PeCBz) are covered under the Stockholm Convention. In this study, these emissions were investigated through a magnesium smelting process. Stack gas and fly ash samples from a typical magnesium plant in China were collected and analyzed to estimate the emissions of unintentional POPs from magnesium metallurgy. Emissions factors of 412 ng TEQ t(-1) for PCDD/Fs, 18.6 ng TEQ t(-1) for dl-PCBs, 3329 μg t(-1) for PCNs, 820 μg t(-1) for HxCBz, and 1326 μg t(-1) for PeCBz were obtained in 2009. Annual emissions from magnesium metallurgy in China were estimated to be 0.46 g WHO-TEQ for PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs, 1651 g for PCNs, 403 g for HxCBz and 653 g for PeCBz, respectively. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  19. Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE versus Femtosecond Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis (FS-LASIK for Myopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zeren Shen

    Full Text Available The goal of this study was to compare small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE with femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK for treating myopia.The CENTRAL, EMBASE, PubMed databases and a Chinese database (SinoMed were searched in May of 2016. Twelve studies with 1,076 eyes, which included three randomized controlled trials (RCTs and nine cohorts, met our inclusion criteria. The overall quality of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE working group framework. Data were extracted and analysed at three to six months postoperatively. Primary outcome measures included a loss of one or more lines of best spectacle corrected visual acuity (BSCVA, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA of 20/20 or better, mean logMAR UCVA, postoperative mean spherical equivalent (SE and postoperative refraction within ±1.0 D of the target refraction. Secondary outcome measures included ocular surface disease index (OSDI, tear breakup time (TBUT and Schirmer's 1 test (S1T as dry eye parameters, along with corneal sensitivity.The overall quality of evidence was considered to be low to very low. Pooled results revealed no significant differences between the two groups with regard to a loss of one or more lines in the BSCVA (OR 1.71; 95% CI: 0.81, 3.63; P = 0.16, UCVA of 20/20 or better (OR 0.71; 95% CI: 0.44, 1.15; P = 0.16, logMAR UCVA (MD 0.00; 95% CI: -0.03, 0.04; P = 0.87, postoperative refractive SE (MD -0.00; 95% CI: -0.05, 0.05; P = 0.97 or postoperative refraction within ±1.0 D of the target refraction (OR 0.78; 95% CI: 0.22, 2.77; P = 0.70 within six months postoperatively. The pooled analysis also indicated that the FS-LASIK group suffered more severely from dry eye symptoms (OSDI; MD -6.68; 95% CI: -11.76, -2.00; P = 0.006 and lower corneal sensitivity (MD 12.40; 95% CI: 10.23, 14.56; P < 0.00001 at six months postoperatively.In conclusion, both FS-LASIK and SMILE are safe

  20. Characterization and remediation of highly radioactive contaminated soil at Hanford

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Buckmaster, M.A.; Erickson, J.K.

    1993-09-01

    The Hanford Site, Richland, Washington, contains over 1,500 identified waste sites and numerous groundwater plumes that will be characterized and remediated over the next 30 years. As a result of the Hanford Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order, the US Department of Energy (DOE) has initiated a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) at the 200-BP-1 operable unit. The 200-BP-1 RI/FS is the first Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) investigation on the Hanford Site that involves highly radioactive and chemically contaminated soils. The initial phase of site characterization was designed to assess the nature and extent of contamination associated with the source waste sites within the 200-BP-1 operable unit. Characterization activities consisted of drilling and sampling, chemical and physical analysis of samples, and development of a conceptual vadose zone model. These data were then used. to develop remedial alternatives during the FS evaluation. The preferred alternative resulting from the RI/FS process for the 200-BP-1 operable unit is to construct a surface isolation barrier. The multi-layered earthen barrier will be designed to prevent migration of contaminants resulting from water infiltration, biointrusion, and wind and water erosion

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