Achieving Health Equity Through Community Engagement in Translating Evidence to Policy: The San Francisco Health Improvement Partnership, 2010–2016

Science.gov (United States)

Vargas, Roberto A.; Fleisher, Paula; Aragón, Tomás J.; Chung, Lisa; Chawla, Colleen; Yant, Abbie; Garcia, Estela R.; Santiago, Amor; Lang, Perry L.; Jones, Paula; Liu, Wylie; Schmidt, Laura A.

2017-01-01

Background The San Francisco Health Improvement Partnership (SFHIP) promotes health equity by using a novel collective impact model that blends community engagement with evidence-to-policy translational science. The model involves diverse stakeholders, including ethnic-based community health equity coalitions, the local public health department, hospitals and health systems, a health sciences university, a school district, the faith community, and others sectors. Community Context We report on 3 SFHIP prevention initiatives: reducing consumption of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs), regulating retail alcohol sales, and eliminating disparities in children’s oral health. Methods SFHIP is governed by a steering committee. Partnership working groups for each initiative collaborate to 1) develop and implement action plans emphasizing feasible, scalable, translational-science–informed interventions and 2) consider sustainability early in the planning process by including policy and structural interventions. Outcome Through SFHIP’s efforts, San Francisco enacted ordinances regulating sale and advertising of SSBs and a ballot measure establishing a soda tax. Most San Francisco hospitals implemented or committed to implementing healthy-beverage policies that prohibited serving or selling SSBs. SFHIP helped prevent Starbucks and Taco Bell from receiving alcohol licenses in San Francisco and helped prevent state authorization of sale of powdered alcohol. SFHIP increased the number of primary care clinics providing fluoride varnish at routine well-child visits from 3 to 14 and acquired a state waiver to allow dental clinics to be paid for dental services delivered in schools. Interpretation The SFHIP model of collective impact emphasizing community engagement and policy change accomplished many of its intermediate goals to create an environment promoting health and health equity. PMID:28333598

Ground-motion modeling of the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake, part II: Ground-motion estimates for the 1906 earthquake and scenario events

Science.gov (United States)

Aagaard, Brad T.; Brocher, T.M.; Dolenc, D.; Dreger, D.; Graves, R.W.; Harmsen, S.; Hartzell, S.; Larsen, S.; McCandless, K.; Nilsson, S.; Petersson, N.A.; Rodgers, A.; Sjogreen, B.; Zoback, M.L.

2008-01-01

We estimate the ground motions produce by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake making use of the recently developed Song et al. (2008) source model that combines the available geodetic and seismic observations and recently constructed 3D geologic and seismic velocity models. Our estimates of the ground motions for the 1906 earthquake are consistent across five ground-motion modeling groups employing different wave propagation codes and simulation domains. The simulations successfully reproduce the main features of the Boatwright and Bundock (2005) ShakeMap, but tend to over predict the intensity of shaking by 0.1-0.5 modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) units. Velocity waveforms at sites throughout the San Francisco Bay Area exhibit characteristics consistent with rupture directivity, local geologic conditions (e.g., sedimentary basins), and the large size of the event (e.g., durations of strong shaking lasting tens of seconds). We also compute ground motions for seven hypothetical scenarios rupturing the same extent of the northern San Andreas fault, considering three additional hypocenters and an additional, random distribution of slip. Rupture directivity exerts the strongest influence on the variations in shaking, although sedimentary basins do consistently contribute to the response in some locations, such as Santa Rosa, Livermore, and San Jose. These scenarios suggest that future large earthquakes on the northern San Andreas fault may subject the current San Francisco Bay urban area to stronger shaking than a repeat of the 1906 earthquake. Ruptures propagating southward towards San Francisco appear to expose more of the urban area to a given intensity level than do ruptures propagating northward.

Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) Atlas: San Francisco Bay - 1998, maps and geographic information systems data (NODC Accession 0036884)

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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This data set comprises the Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) maps for the shoreline of San Francisco Bay. ESI data characterize estuarine environments and...

Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) Atlas: San Francisco Bay, California maps and geographic information systems data (NODC Accession 0013224)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This data set comprises the Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) maps for the shoreline of San Francisco Bay. ESI data characterize estuarine environments and...

The Quality Teacher and Education Act in San Francisco: Lessons Learned. Policy Brief 09-2

Science.gov (United States)

Hough, Heather J.

2009-01-01

This policy brief reviews the recent experience of the San Francisco Unified School District (SFUSD) with the development and approval of Proposition A. Proposition A (also known as the Quality Teacher and Education Act, or QTEA) included a parcel tax mainly dedicated to increasing teachers' salaries, along with a variety of measures introducing…

Facing the great disaster : How the men and women of the U.S. Geological Survey responded to the 1906 "San Francisco Earthquake"

Science.gov (United States)

Colvard, Elizabeth M.; Rogers, James

2006-01-01

It was the most devastating earthquake in California’s history. At 5:12 a.m. on April 18, 1906, the ground under the San Francisco Bay Area shook violently for more than 40 seconds. The magnitude 7.8 earthquake created a rupture along nearly 300 miles of the San Andreas Fault and was felt from southern Oregon to Los Angeles. Because the earthquake’s epicenter was just offshore from San Francisco, the impact on that city was catastrophic. Fragments of broken houses and buildings tumbled into the streets. The pipeline carrying water into the city was severed; fires triggered by broken gas mains raged out of control for 3 days. An area of almost 5 square miles in the heart of the city was destroyed by shaking and fire, and earthquake damage was widespread elsewhere. At least 3,000 people were killed, and 225,000 were left homeless. Drinking water, food, and supplies quickly became scarce.In 1906, the only permanent U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) office in California was the Pacific Division topographic mapping office in Sacramento, 70 miles up the Sacramento River from San Francisco Bay. The office had been established just 3 years earlier and was the only USGS office ever created for the sole function of topographic mapping. At the time of the earthquake, many USGS topographers were in Sacramento preparing for a summer of field work.Although moderate shaking was felt in Sacramento, then a town of about 30,000 people, detailed information about the earthquake was slow to reach the residents there. USGS topographic engineer George R. Davis, not knowing the full extent of the damage, was fearful that his 62-year-old father Edward Davis in San Francisco was caught up in the devastation. George therefore left Sacramento on the first train bound for the San Francisco Bay area. “He was very worried. The phones were down and he wasn’t sure whether or not the hotel his father was living in was damaged,” said George Davis’s daughter Anna (Davis) Rogers, then an

Thermal modeling and geomorphology of the south border of the Sao Francisco Craton: thermochronology by fission tracks in apatites;Modelagem termica e geomorfologia da borda sul do Craton do Sao Francisco: termocronologia por tracos de fissao em apatita

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hackspacher, Peter Christian [UNESP, Rio Claro, SP (Brazil). Inst. de Geociencias e Ciencias Exatas; Godoy, Daniel Francoso de; Franco, Ana Olivia Barufi [UNESP, Rio Claro, SP (Brazil). Pos-Graduacao em Geologia Regional; Ribeiro, Luiz Felipe Brandini [NUCLEARGEO, Rio Claro, SP (Brazil); Hadler Neto, Julio Cesar [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (IFGW/UNICAMP), SP (Brazil). Inst. de Fisica Gleb Wataghin

2007-12-15

Recent developments in Fission Track thermochronology associated to mesozoic-cenozoic erosion and tectonic presented trough thematic maps (isotemperature), permit to model the landscape evolution in the southern border of the Sao Francisco craton, southeastern Brazil. Paleotemperature, obtained by fission track analysis in apatite, is closely related to geomorphologic interpretations. The area suffered a complex imprint of endogenous and exogenous processes resulting diversified and differentiated relieves. The landscape is strongly controlled by exhumation between Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous, uplift with tectonic denudation related to crustal heating at the Upper Cretaceous and reactivation of faults until the Miocene. This scenario is a result of reactivations of different brittle structures that accommodate the deformation in the southern border of the Sao Francisco craton. The landscape reflects denudations of up to 3 km with preserved remains of erosive surfaces in the topographical tops and chronocorrelates deposits in the basins of the region. (author)

Vozes da seca: representações da transposição do Rio São Francisco

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Lauriston Araújo Carvalho

2014-06-01

Full Text Available In 1847 the project about the transposition of the São Francisco River is materialized. Its resumption in 2004 causes a huge repercussion in the media and civil society, which follows the steps of the project. This study aimed to understand the Social Representations of the Transposition of the waters of the São Francisco River at two newspapers from Pernambuco, Gazzeta and Jornal do Comércio, in 2004 and 2005. The data was analyzed for the Theme analysis of Bardin. The results show the geographical location and proximity to the river, as determining factors in the form and presentation of content. While Gazzeta Journal anchors the discussion on the livelihoods of coastal communities and presents images of this interaction with the river, the Jornal do Commercio is anchored in depicting the theme economic issues. The newspapers have diffusion characteristics and keep the same representation on the transposition with taking position against the project, it would be the "salvation of the Northeast''

Knowledge, Indications and Willingness to Take Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis among Transwomen in San Francisco, 2013.

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Erin C Wilson

Full Text Available Safe and effective HIV prevention strategies are needed for transwomen. Transwomen in the US have a 34 times greater odds of being infected with HIV than all adults age 15-49, and in San Francisco, California 42.4% of transwomen are estimated to be infected with HIV. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP is the first biomedical intervention with promise for reducing HIV acquisition in transwomen. However, little is known about whether transwomen know about PrEP, are taking PrEP and would be good candidates for PrEP based on their risk profile and behaviors. A population-based dataset was analyzed to determine how many transwomen in San Francisco knew about PrEP by the end of 2013 - more than a year after iPrex results demonstrated efficacy of PrEP in preventing HIV. We found that of 233 transwomen, only 13.7% had heard of PrEP. Transwomen who were living with HIV compared to those who were HIV-negative, and those who recently injected drugs compared to non-injection drug users were more likely to have heard of PrEP. Based on CDC guidelines for PrEP among MSM and IDU, 45 (30.2% transwomen of the 149 HIV-negative transwomen in the sample were candidates for PrEP. This estimate based on CDC criteria is arguably low. Given that almost half of transwomen in San Francisco are living with HIV, this findings points to a need for further consideration of PrEP criteria that are specific and tailored to the risks for HIV faced by transwomen that are different from MSM and injection drug users. Research to scale up access and test the effectiveness of PrEP for transwomen is also urgently needed.

Religiosidad e identidad en San Francisco de Campeche. Siglos XVI y XVII

OpenAIRE

Rocher Salas, Adriana Delfina

2006-01-01

This study examines the problems concomitant to the development of a common identity among the Spanish settlers of San Francisco de Campeche during the Colonial period, with focus on the role played by religious elements in the shaping of this identity – in particular, the cult to the saints. An analysis of factors such as the characteristics of the saints in the neighborhood and local associations; processes of cult adoption, adaptation or dismissal; as well as the participation of the ...

Saccharomyces cerevisiae and non-Saccharomyces yeasts in grape varieties of the São Francisco Valley

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Camila M.P.B.S. de Ponzzes-Gomes

2014-06-01

Full Text Available The aims of this work was to characterise indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains in the naturally fermented juice of grape varieties Cabernet Sauvignon, Grenache, Tempranillo, Sauvignon Blanc and Verdejo used in the São Francisco River Valley, northeastern Brazil. In this study, 155 S. cerevisiae and 60 non-Saccharomyces yeasts were isolated and identified using physiological tests and sequencing of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit of the rRNA gene. Among the non-Saccharomyces species, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa was the most common species, followed by Pichia kudriavzevii, Candida parapsilosis, Meyerozyma guilliermondii, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Kloeckera apis, P. manshurica, C. orthopsilosis and C. zemplinina. The population counts of these yeasts ranged among 1.0 to 19 x 10(5 cfu/mL. A total of 155 isolates of S. cerevisiae were compared by mitochondrial DNA restriction analysis, and five molecular mitochondrial DNA restriction profiles were detected. Indigenous strains of S. cerevisiae isolated from grapes of the São Francisco Valley can be further tested as potential starters for wine production.

In-situ measurements of seismic velocities in the San Francisco Bay region...part II

Science.gov (United States)

Gibbs, James F.; Fumal, Thomas E.; Borcherdt, Roger D.

1976-01-01

Seismic wave velocities (compressional and shear) are important parameters for determining the seismic response characteristics of various geologic units when subjected to strong earthquake ground shaking. Seismic velocities of various units often show a strong correlation with the amounts of damage following large earthquakes and have been used as a basis for certain types of seismic zonation studies. Currently a program is in progress to measure seismic velocities in the San Francisco Bay region at an estimated 150 sites. At each site seismic travel times are measured in drill holes, normally at 2.5-m intervals to a depth of 30 m. Geologic logs are determined from drill hole cuttings, undisturbed samples, and penetrometer samples. The data provide a detailed comparison of geologic and seismic characteristics and provide parameters for estimating strong earthquake ground motions quantitatively at each of the site. A major emphasis of this program is to obtain a detailed comparison of geologic and seismic data on a regional scale for use in seismic zonation. The broad data base available in the San Francisco Bay region suggests using the area as a pilot area for the development of general techniques applicable to other areas.

Sea change under climate change: case studies in rare plant conservation from the dynamic San Francisco Estuary

Science.gov (United States)

We present case studies supporting management of two rare plant species in tidal wetlands of the San Francisco Estuary. For an annual hemiparasite, we used demographic analyses to identify factors to enhance population establishment, survivorship and fitness, and to compare reintroduced with natura...

Memory and Nostalgia in Youth Music Cultures: Finding the Vibe in the San Francisco Bay Area Rave Scene, 2002-2004

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Eileen M Wu

2010-07-01

Full Text Available In the wake of the major commercial success of rave scenes in the San Francisco Bay Area, accompanied by an increasing crackdown on venues and promoters in the electronic dance music scene, this article follows the “death” of a rave scene and looks at some of the ways young people imagined and engaged with rave culture during that time. Looking specifically at how young people utilized remembrances and nostalgia to imbue their experiences with social meaning, the author provides a tentative case study on youth cultural formation in the late modern era. The article draws upon fieldwork and interviews conducted in the San Francisco Bay Area between 2002-2004.

Liminalidad social y negociación cultural: inmigrantes yucatecos en San Francisco, California

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Inés Cornejo-Portugal

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Mediante los conceptos de liminalidad social y negociación cultural analizamos tres estudios de caso de yucatecos migrantes en San Francisco, California. Los migrantes estudiados dan cuenta de las diversas formas como utilizan los recursos sociales a los cuales tienen acceso (familiares, de creencia, de amistad y vecinales y que les permiten encontrar un equilibrio emocional relativo, frente a la tensión cultural de la sociedad destino.

78 FR 40396 - Safety Zone; America's Cup Safety Zone and No Loitering Area, San Francisco, CA

Science.gov (United States)

2013-07-05

...-AA00 Safety Zone; America's Cup Safety Zone and No Loitering Area, San Francisco, CA AGENCY: Coast... America's Cup races. This safety zone and no loitering area are established to enhance the safety of spectators and mariners near the north east corner of the America's Cup regulated area. All persons or...

78 FR 75249 - Safety Zone: Google's Night at Sea Fireworks Display, San Francisco Bay, Alameda, CA

Science.gov (United States)

2013-12-11

...-AA00 Safety Zone: Google's Night at Sea Fireworks Display, San Francisco Bay, Alameda, CA AGENCY: Coast... Google's Night at Sea Fireworks Displays on December 7, 2013 and December 14, 2013. These safety zones... Coast Guard to establish safety zones. Google will sponsor the Google's Night at Sea Fireworks Displays...

Arquetipos femeninos en las obras de Francisco Umbral y Mario Vargas Llosa

OpenAIRE

Godoy Cossío, Ana

2016-01-01

Sin duda, investigar a dos escritores como Francisco Umbral y Mario Vargas Llosa ambos situados en el Olimpo de los grandes escritores del siglo XX, no ha sido tarea fácil, pero sí verdaderamente fascinante. Poseedores de talento, creatividad y de genio literario son portadores de una marca propia e indeleble en el periodismo, en el ensayo crítico y en la narrativa. Dos columnas equidistantes y equivalentes con voz propia que se han coronado por igual gracias a sus productivas vidas. En suma,...

Promoting Health and Safety in San Francisco's Chinatown Restaurants: Findings and Lessons Learned from a Pilot Observational Checklist

Science.gov (United States)

Gaydos, Megan; Bhatia, Rajiv; Morales, Alvaro; Lee, Pam Tau; Liu, Shaw San; Chang, Charlotte; Salvatore, Alicia L.; Krause, Niklas; Minkler, Meredith

2011-01-01

Noncompliance with labor and occupational health and safety laws contributes to economic and health inequities. Environmental health agencies are well positioned to monitor workplace conditions in many industries and support enhanced enforcement by responsible regulatory agencies. In collaboration with university and community partners, the San Francisco Department of Public Health used an observational checklist to assess preventable occupational injury hazards and compliance with employee notification requirements in 106 restaurants in San Francisco's Chinatown. Sixty-five percent of restaurants had not posted required minimum wage, paid sick leave, or workers' compensation notifications; 82% of restaurants lacked fully stocked first-aid kits; 52% lacked antislip mats; 37% lacked adequate ventilation; and 28% lacked adequate lighting. Supported by a larger community-based participatory research process, this pilot project helped to spur additional innovative health department collaborations to promote healthier workplaces. PMID:21836739

Deep Borehole Instrumentation Along San Francisco Bay Bridges: 1996 - 2003 and Strong Ground Motion Systhesis Along the San Francisco/Oakland Bay Bridge

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hutchings, L; Foxall, W; Kasameyer, P; larsen, S; Hayek, C; Tyler-Turpin, C; Aquilino, J; Long, L

2005-04-22

As a result of collaboration between the Berkeley Seismographic Station, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and Caltrans, instrument packages have been placed in bedrock in six boreholes and two surface sites along the San Francisco/Oakland Bay Bridge. Since 1996 over 200 local earthquakes have been recorded. Prior to this study few seismic recording instruments existed in bed-rock in San Francisco Bay. We utilized the data to perform analysis of ground motion variability, wave passage, site response, and up-and down-hole wave propagation along the Bay Bridge. We also synthesized strong ground motion at nine locations along the Bay Bridge. Key to these studies is LLNL's effort to exploit the information available in weak ground motions (generally from earthquakes < M=4.0) to enhance predictions of seismic hazards. We found that Yerba Island has no apparent site response at the surface relative to a borehole site. The horizontal to vertical spectral ratio method best revealed no site response, while the complex signal spectral ratio method had the lowest variance for spectral ratios and best predicted surface recordings when the borehole recording was used as input. Both methods identified resonances at about the same frequencies. Regional attenuation results in a significant loss of high frequencies in both surface and borehole recordings. Records are band limited at near 3 Hz. Therefore a traditional rock outcrop site response, flat to high frequency in displacement, is not available. We applied a methodology to predict and synthesize strong ground motion along the San Francisco/Oakland Bay Bridge from a M=7.25 earthquake along the Hayward fault, about12 km distant. We synthesized for three-components and broad-band (0.0-25.0 Hz) ground motion accelerations, velocities, and displacements. We examined two different possible rupture scenarios, a ''mean'' and ''one standard deviation'' model. We combined the high

Earthquake outlook for the San Francisco Bay region 2014–2043

Science.gov (United States)

Aagaard, Brad T.; Blair, James Luke; Boatwright, John; Garcia, Susan H.; Harris, Ruth A.; Michael, Andrew J.; Schwartz, David P.; DiLeo, Jeanne S.; Jacques, Kate; Donlin, Carolyn

2016-06-13

Using information from recent earthquakes, improved mapping of active faults, and a new model for estimating earthquake probabilities, the 2014 Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities updated the 30-year earthquake forecast for California. They concluded that there is a 72 percent probability (or likelihood) of at least one earthquake of magnitude 6.7 or greater striking somewhere in the San Francisco Bay region before 2043. Earthquakes this large are capable of causing widespread damage; therefore, communities in the region should take simple steps to help reduce injuries, damage, and disruption, as well as accelerate recovery from these earthquakes.

Part I, Introduction: Ecology and Regional Context of Tidal Wetlands in the San Francisco Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve

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Matthew C. Ferner

2011-12-01

Full Text Available This two-part special issue reviews the basic ecology of tidal wetlands in the San Francisco Estuary. Several articles highlight the well-preserved tracts of historic tidal marsh found at China Camp State Park and Rush Ranch Open Space Preserve. These two protected areas serve as important reference sites for wetland restoration and conservation and also comprise San Francisco Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve (SF Bay NERR. SF Bay NERR is part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s nationwide network of 28 estuarine research reserves (http://www.nerrs.noaa.gov that all share common goals: (1 conducting standardized long-term monitoring, (2 supporting applied environmental research, (3 providing stewardship of estuarine natural resources, and (4 linking science with decision making in pursuit of effective solutions to coastal management problems.

Tras ser desfigurado, Francisco de Rojas Zorrilla entra en el parnaso español. Los siglos XVIII y XIX

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Álvarez Barrientos, Joaquín

2007-06-01

Full Text Available The article studies the presence of the theater of Francisco de Rojas in the Spanish scenes of centuries XVIII and XIX, as well as the way in which the critical and historians of Literature valued that author. The refundiciones of their works, their relation with Fernandez de Moratín and their entrance in the national Parnaso are detailed.El artículo estudia la presencia del teatro de Francisco de Rojas en los escenarios españoles de los siglos XVIII y XIX, así como el modo en que los críticos e historiadores de la literatura valoraron a ese autor. Se detallan las refundiciones de sus obras, su relación con Fernández de Moratín y su entrada en el Parnaso nacional.

76 FR 54529 - Notice To Rescind a Notice of Intent To Prepare an Environmental Impact Statement: San Francisco...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-09-01

..., Acting Director, Local Programs, Federal Highway Administration, Sacramento, CA. [FR Doc. 2011-22349... To Prepare an Environmental Impact Statement: San Francisco County, CA AGENCY: Federal Highway..., Oakland, California 94623-0660, Telephone: (510) 286-5231, E-mail: [email protected]ca.gov...

Al margen de las Obras de Francisco de la Torre

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Pérez-Abadín Barro, Soledad

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Francisco de la Torre's Works, published by Quevedo in 1631, enclose a second part, described in later years as an «appendix», with translations that did not belong in the original project prepared by the author some decades before. The summary of the 1588 license for printing describes the work's content as «lyric and adonic verse, and bucolic», without mentioning the translations. The new date throws into question the participation of Almeida and Brocense in the preparation and transmission of the manuscript that came to Quevedo. Therefore, the volume of 1631 cannot be considered as an example of salmantin group's collective poetical essay. Related chronological considerations also throw new light on the relationship between the author and Fernando de Herrera.Las Obras de Francisco de la Torre, publicadas por Quevedo en 1631, incluyen una segunda parte, que más tarde se llamaría «apéndice», con traducciones ajenas al proyecto inicial preparado por el propio autor décadas antes. El sumario de la licencia de impresión de 1588 describe el contenido de la obra aprobada como «los versos líricos y adónicos y la bucólica», sin mencionar las traducciones. La nueva fecha lleva a cuestionar el protagonismo de Almeida y el Brócense en la preparación y transmisión del manuscrito que más tarde llegaría a Quevedo. El volumen de 1631, por lo tanto, no puede considerarse como un exponente de un ejercicio poético colectivo del círculo salmantino. Los datos cronológicos también permiten replantear la relación del autor con Fernando de Herrera.

Wave attenuation across a tidal marsh in San Francisco Bay

Science.gov (United States)

Foster-Martinez, Madeline R.; Lacy, Jessica; Ferner, Matthew C.; Variano, Evan A.

2018-01-01

Wave attenuation is a central process in the mechanics of a healthy salt marsh. Understanding how wave attenuation varies with vegetation and hydrodynamic conditions informs models of other marsh processes that are a function of wave energy (e.g. sediment transport) and allows for the incorporation of marshes into coastal protection plans. Here, we examine the evolution of wave height across a tidal salt marsh in San Francisco Bay. Instruments were deployed along a cross-shore transect, starting on the mudflat and crossing through zones dominated by Spartina foliosa and Salicornia pacifica. This dataset is the first to quantify wave attenuation for these vegetation species, which are abundant in the intertidal zone of California estuaries. Measurements were collected in the summer and winter to assess seasonal variation in wave attenuation. Calculated drag coefficients of S. foliosa and S. pacifica were similar, indicating equal amounts of vegetation would lead to similar energy dissipation; however, S. pacifica has much greater biomass close to the bed (<20 cm) and retains biomass throughout the year, and therefore, it causes more total attenuation. S. foliosa dies back in the winter, and waves often grow across this section of the marsh. For both vegetation types, attenuation was greatest for low water depths, when the vegetation was emergent. For both seasons, attenuation rates across S. pacifica were the highest and were greater than published attenuation rates across similar (Spartina alterniflora) salt marshes for the comparable depths. These results can inform designs for marsh restorations and management plans in San Francisco Bay and other estuaries containing these species.

Infermeria Médico-Quirúrgica II. Temari corresponent al Professor Francisco Pérez Dolz. Curs 2017-2018

OpenAIRE

Pérez Dolz, Francisco

2017-01-01

El document forma part dels materials docents programats mitjançant l'ajut del Servei de Política Lingüística de la Universitat de València Infermeria Médico-Quirúrgica II. Temari corresponent al Professor Francisco Pérez Dolz. Curs 2017-2018.

Edonio and Muza the Moor in Auto del Triunfo de la Virgen, by Francisco Bramón

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Trinidad Barrera

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract: Auto del Triunfo de la Virgen is practically the IIIrd Book of Los Sirgueros de la Virgen sin original pecado, by the Mexican Francisco Bramón. One of the characters of the Auto, the gracioso Edonio, at a certain moment begins to recite the romance of D. Manuel Ponce de León and the Moor Muza. This paper analyses the meaning of the inclusion of that text in relation with the message of the play.Resumen:El Auto del Triunfo de la Virgen constituye prácticamente el Libro III de Los Sirgueros de la Virgen sin original pecado del mexicano Francisco Bramón. Uno de los personajes del Auto, el gracioso Edonio, empieza a recitar en determinado momento el romance de D. Manuel Ponce de León y el moro Muza. Se analiza el significado de la inserción de ese texto en relación con el mensaje de la obra.

Crisis of the social and emergence of sociality in the new scenarios of identity. The San Francisco district of Bilbao

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Beatriz Cavia

2008-09-01

Full Text Available The San Francisco district in Bilbao (Spain is undergoing a deep process of urban transformation in which there is a convergence of different dynamics —economic (property speculation, social (appearance of associations and social movements and political (rehabilitation plans. In order to explain this transformation, we test two hypotheses in the article: gentrification and the crisis of the social institutions (politics, religion and work that traditionally articulated society. To counterbalance the shortcomings of the two hypotheses we redefine them as mere “conditions of possibility” of the emergence of new forms of sociality, the depoliticisation of signifieds and the production of new spaces. San Francisco constitutes a variable cronotope that provokes a blurring in sociological configurations and in social norms and sanctions.

A new species of Pimelodus LaCépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae from the rio São Francisco drainage, Brazil

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Frank Raynner V. Ribeiro

Full Text Available Pimelodus pohli, new species, is described from the rio São Francisco drainage. It differs from congeners by the following characters in combination: adults with dark spots on anterodorsal region of body and young specimens (up to 100 mm SL with three rows of dark spots laterally on body; comparatively long adipose fin, more than one third of the distance between posterior end of dorsal fin base and the vertical through posterior end of anal-fin base (21.8-26.2% SL; lips poorly developed; 20-25 gill rakers; and maxillary barbels slightly surpassing the caudal-fin base. A key to the species of Pimelodus of the rio São Francisco drainage is presented.

Realizing a Progressive Pedagogy: A Comparative Case Study of Two Reggio Emilia Preschools in San Francisco

Science.gov (United States)

Abdelfattah, Marwa

2015-01-01

This study aims to uncover how a particular imported philosophy of early childhood education, Reggio Emilia, is implemented in the context of one public and one private preschool in San Francisco. The philosophy of Reggio Emilia is believed to be progressive and to be developmentally appropriate for children in early childhood. The study involved…

Francisco Ferreira Saturnino Braga: negócios e fortuna em Campos dos Goytacazes

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Walter Luiz Carneiro de Mattos Pereira

2012-12-01

Full Text Available O artigo pretende investir no estudo da dinâmica da economia em Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, nas duas décadas que antecedem a abolição da escravatura no Brasil, a partir dos negócios e da fortuna de Francisco Ferreira Saturnino Braga, proprietário de terras, escravos, usineiro, industrial, concessionário de ferrovias e banqueiro, figura-chave para se perceberem as transformações ocorridas em uma área de produção açucareira voltada para o mercado interno. As singularidades e particularidades obtidas pela observação em escala reduzida podem revelar a possibilidade de perceber uma articulação mais ampla com as estruturas de uma economia de mercado.The article intends to invest in the study of the dynamics of the economy in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, in the two decades preceding the abolition of slavery in Brazil, from the business and fortune of Francisco Ferreira Saturnino Braga, owner of land, slaves, mill owner, industrial, railroad dealer and banker, a key figure to understand the changes occurred in an area of the sugar production directs to the domestic market. The singularities and particularities obtained by observation in small scale may reveal the possibility of perceiving a broader articulation with the structures of a market economy.

Novel Analyses of Long-Term Data Provide a Scientific Basis for Chlorophyll-a Thresholds in San Francisco Bay

Science.gov (United States)

San Francisco Bay (SFB), USA, is highly enriched in nitrogen and phosphorus, but has been resistant to the classic symptoms of eutrophication associated with over-production of phytoplankton. Observations in recent years suggest that this resistance may be weakening, shown by: si...

Comparative analysis of long-term chlorophyll data with generalized additive model - San Francisco Bay and St. Lucie Estuary

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The health of estuarine ecosystems is often influenced by hydraulic and nutrient loading from upstream watersheds. We examined four decades of monitoring data of nutrient export into the Indian River Lagoon and San Francisco Bay, both of which have received considerable attentio...

Deep nirS amplicon sequencing of San Francisco Bay sediments enables prediction of geography and environmental conditions from denitrifying community composition.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Jessica A; Francis, Christopher A

2017-12-01

Denitrification is a dominant nitrogen loss process in the sediments of San Francisco Bay. In this study, we sought to understand the ecology of denitrifying bacteria by using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to survey the diversity of a denitrification functional gene, nirS (encoding cytchrome-cd 1 nitrite reductase), along the salinity gradient of San Francisco Bay over the course of a year. We compared our dataset to a library of nirS sequences obtained previously from the same samples by standard PCR cloning and Sanger sequencing, and showed that both methods similarly demonstrated geography, salinity and, to a lesser extent, nitrogen, to be strong determinants of community composition. Furthermore, the depth afforded by NGS enabled novel techniques for measuring the association between environment and community composition. We used Random Forests modelling to demonstrate that the site and salinity of a sample could be predicted from its nirS sequences, and to identify indicator taxa associated with those environmental characteristics. This work contributes significantly to our understanding of the distribution and dynamics of denitrifying communities in San Francisco Bay, and provides valuable tools for the further study of this key N-cycling guild in all estuarine systems. © 2017 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Six-year mortality in a street-recruited cohort of homeless youth in San Francisco, California.

Science.gov (United States)

Auerswald, Colette L; Lin, Jessica S; Parriott, Andrea

2016-01-01

Objectives. The mortality rate of a street-recruited homeless youth cohort in the United States has not yet been reported. We examined the six-year mortality rate for a cohort of street youth recruited from San Francisco street venues in 2004. Methods. Using data collected from a longitudinal, venue-based sample of street youth 15-24 years of age, we calculated age, race, and gender-adjusted mortality rates. Results. Of a sample of 218 participants, 11 died from enrollment in 2004 to December 31, 2010. The majority of deaths were due to suicide and/or substance abuse. The death rate was 9.6 deaths per hundred thousand person-years. The age, race and gender-adjusted standardized mortality ratio was 10.6 (95% CI [5.3-18.9]). Gender specific SMRs were 16.1 (95% CI [3.3-47.1]) for females and 9.4 (95% CI [4.0-18.4]) for males. Conclusions. Street-recruited homeless youth in San Francisco experience a mortality rate in excess of ten times that of the state's general youth population. Services and programs, particularly housing, mental health and substance abuse interventions, are urgently needed to prevent premature mortality in this vulnerable population.

Mercury in San Francisco Bay forage fish

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Greenfield, Ben K., E-mail: ben@sfei.or [San Francisco Estuary Institute, 7770 Pardee Lane, Oakland, CA 94621 (United States); Jahn, Andrew, E-mail: andyjahn@mac.co [1000 Riverside Drive, Ukiah, CA 95482 (United States)

2010-08-15

In the San Francisco Estuary, management actions including tidal marsh restoration could change fish mercury (Hg) concentrations. From 2005 to 2007, small forage fish were collected and analyzed to identify spatial and interannual variation in biotic methylmercury (MeHg) exposure. The average whole body total Hg concentration was 0.052 {mu}g g{sup -1} (wet-weight) for 457 composite samples representing 13 fish species. MeHg constituted 94% of total Hg. At a given length, Hg concentrations were higher in nearshore mudflat and wetland species (Clevelandia ios, Menidia audens, and Ilypnus gilberti), compared to species that move offshore (e.g., Atherinops affinis and Lepidogobius lepidus). Gut content analysis indicated similar diets between Atherinops affinis and Menidia audens, when sampled at the same locations. Hg concentrations were higher in sites closest to the Guadalupe River, which drains a watershed impacted by historic Hg mining. Results demonstrate that despite differences among years and fish species, nearshore forage fish exhibit consistent Hg spatial gradients. - Total mercury in estuarine forage fish varies with species, habitat, and proximity to a historic mercury mine.

Mercury in San Francisco Bay forage fish

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Greenfield, Ben K.; Jahn, Andrew

2010-01-01

In the San Francisco Estuary, management actions including tidal marsh restoration could change fish mercury (Hg) concentrations. From 2005 to 2007, small forage fish were collected and analyzed to identify spatial and interannual variation in biotic methylmercury (MeHg) exposure. The average whole body total Hg concentration was 0.052 μg g -1 (wet-weight) for 457 composite samples representing 13 fish species. MeHg constituted 94% of total Hg. At a given length, Hg concentrations were higher in nearshore mudflat and wetland species (Clevelandia ios, Menidia audens, and Ilypnus gilberti), compared to species that move offshore (e.g., Atherinops affinis and Lepidogobius lepidus). Gut content analysis indicated similar diets between Atherinops affinis and Menidia audens, when sampled at the same locations. Hg concentrations were higher in sites closest to the Guadalupe River, which drains a watershed impacted by historic Hg mining. Results demonstrate that despite differences among years and fish species, nearshore forage fish exhibit consistent Hg spatial gradients. - Total mercury in estuarine forage fish varies with species, habitat, and proximity to a historic mercury mine.

After the I-Hotel : Material, Cultural, and Affective Geographies of Filipino San Francisco

OpenAIRE

Tagle, Thea Quiray

2015-01-01

This dissertation traces the cultural and economic trajectories of Filipino migration to, settlement in, and displacement from the San Francisco Bay Area from the 1960s through the present moment as represented in the work of local poets, visual artists, and performers. After the I-Hotel argues that the shifting representations of urban and suburban space over this time period not only reveal the structural forces behind the displacement of old and new Filipino migrants in the Bay Area, but a...

La teoría de la causalidad natural de Francisco Sánchez el escéptico

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Rafael V. Orden Jiménez

2003-01-01

Full Text Available The most popular work of Francisco Sánchez, Quo nihil scitur (1581, transmits an absolutely sceptic thought. However, other writings like Carmen de Cometa anni M.D.LXXVII (1578, offer us different ideas about how Sánchez considers possible the scientific knowledge like, for example, his idea about the casual relations between natural objects.

Unmet healthcare need among women who use methamphetamine in San Francisco.

Science.gov (United States)

Powelson, Elisabeth; Lorvick, Jennifer; Lutnick, Alexandra; Wenger, Lynn; Klausner, Jeffery; Kral, Alex H

2014-02-01

Methamphetamine use has increased substantially in the United States since the 1990s. Few studies have examined the healthcare service needs of women who use methamphetamine. This study describes unmet medical needs in a community-based sample of women who use methamphetamine in San Francisco, CA. Women who use methamphetamine were recruited in San Francisco and participated in a computer-assisted survey (N = 298 HIV-negative women). Multivariate analysis was performed to explore associations among sociodemographic variables, drug use, use of health and social services, and unmet healthcare need across three domains: chronic health problems, dermatologic problems, and women's preventive healthcare. Sixty-nine percent of participants reported a need for care for a chronic health condition, and 31% of them had an unmet need for care, in the last six months. Thirty-five percent of participants reported a need for dermatologic healthcare, and 66% had an unmet need for care in the last 6 months. Ninety-two percent of participants reported a need for women's preventive healthcare and 46% had an unmet need for care in the last year. Women who reported having a healthcare provider had lower odds of reporting an unmet need for a chronic health condition or women's preventive healthcare. Women who used a case manager had lower odds of having an unmet need for dermatologic care. A significant proportion of women who use methamphetamine in this sample had an unmet need for women's preventive healthcare, and overall these women had a significant unmet need for healthcare. These findings suggest that contact with a healthcare provider or a caseworker could help to expand access to healthcare for this vulnerable population.

Francisco Antonio Zea: periodista, botánico y político

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Soto Arango, Diana E.

1996-06-01

Full Text Available This work analyzes the journalistic facet of Francisco Antonio Zea, whose first article, «Avisos de Hebephilo», was published in 1791 in the Papel Periódico de la ciudad de Santa Fé de Bogotá. His interest for the press shows at his stage of student in the National Institute of France, but won't be up to 1803, at his return to Madrid, when he proves his talent for the organization and journalistic administration on The Mercury and on the Gazette de Madrid. Later on, being manager of the Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid, he shares the management of the Semanario de Agricultura y Artes, and, finally, in 1818 establishes and directs the Venezuelan Correo del Orinoco.

Este trabajo analiza la faceta periodística de Francisco Antonio Zea, cuyo primer artículo, «Avisos de Hebephilo», se publicó en 1791 en el Papel Periódico de la ciudad de Santa Fé de Bogota. Su interés por la prensa se manifiesta en su etapa de estudiante en el Instituto Nacional de Francia, pero no será hasta 1803, a su regreso a Madrid, cuando evidencie sus dotes para la organización y dirección periodísticas en El Mercurio y en la Gaceta de Madrid. Posteriormente, siendo director del Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid, comparte la dirección del Semanario de Agricultura y Artes, y, finalmente, en 1818 funda y dirige el venezolano Correo del Orinoco.

PCDD/F, PCB, HXCBZ, PAH, AND PM EMISSION FACTORS FOR FIREPLACE AND WOODSTOVE COMBUSTION IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY REGION

Science.gov (United States)

Emissions from residential fireplace and woodstove appliances burning fuels available from the San Francisco Bay area were sampled for polychlornated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene (HxCBz), particulatematter (P...

Reseñas

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HC Reseñas

2010-02-01

Sebastián durante la Restauración (1875-1914. Fundación Caja Guipúzcoa-Kutxa. San Sebastián, 1999. ARIAS GONZÁLEZ, Luis y LUIS MARTÍN, Francisco. La narrativa breve socialista en España. Antología (1890-1936 UGT/Centro de Estudios Históricos. Madrid, 1998. LUIS MARTÍN, Francisco de y ARIAS GONZÁLEZ, Luis. Catálogo de la Biblioteca de la Casa del Pueblo de Madrid (1908-1939 [Estudio histórico]. Comunidad de Madrid-Fundación Largo Caballero. Madrid, 1998. RICHARDS, Michael. Un tiempo de silencio. La Guerra Civil y la cultura de la represión en la España de Franco. Crítica. Barcelona, 1999. MORENO FONSERET, Roque y SEVILLANO CALERO, Francisco (eds. El franquismo. Visiones y balances. Universidad de Alicante. Alicante, 1999. SANZ ALBEROLA, Daniel. La implantación del franquismo en Alicante. El papel del Gobierno Civil (1939-1946. Universidad de Alicante. Alicante, 1999. CUESTA BUSTELLO, Josefina (ed. Retornos (De exilios y migraciones. Fundación Francisco Largo Caballero. Madrid, 1999. LUIS MARTÍN, Francisco de y ARIAS GONZÁLEZ Luis. De O Grove a Cuba (1937-1964. Memorias de Juan Aguiño: pescador y exiliado. Edicions do Castro. A Coruña, 2000. SARTORIUS, Nicolás y ALFAYA, Javier. La memoria insumisa. Sobre la dictadura de Franco. Espasa. Madrid, 1999. UGARTE, Javier (ed. La transición en el País Vasco y España. Historia y memoria. UPV/EHU. Bilbao, 1998.

The thread of the memory in Francisco José Viegas’ fiction

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Adenize Aparecida Franco

2018-06-01

Full Text Available This article presents, based on the analysis of the contemporary Portuguese novel Lourenço Marques (2002, by Francisco José Viegas, some considerations about the constitution of the memory and the identities shaped in the postcolonial context that reached Africa of Portuguese language and the post Carnation Revolution, in Portugal. It is highlighted, firstly, the verification and cataloging of contemporary novels published in Portuguese in the last two decades and that establish relations with the recent historical memory of countries held on totalitarian regimes. Following, there is the analysis of the novel Lourenço Marques as a narrative that configures such elements.

Maps of Quaternary Deposits and Liquefaction Susceptibility in the Central San Francisco Bay Region, California

Science.gov (United States)

Witter, Robert C.; Knudsen, Keith L.; Sowers, Janet M.; Wentworth, Carl M.; Koehler, Richard D.; Randolph, Carolyn E.; Brooks, Suzanna K.; Gans, Kathleen D.

2006-01-01

This report presents a map and database of Quaternary deposits and liquefaction susceptibility for the urban core of the San Francisco Bay region. It supercedes the equivalent area of U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-444 (Knudsen and others, 2000), which covers the larger 9-county San Francisco Bay region. The report consists of (1) a spatial database, (2) two small-scale colored maps (Quaternary deposits and liquefaction susceptibility), (3) a text describing the Quaternary map and liquefaction interpretation (part 3), and (4) a text introducing the report and describing the database (part 1). All parts of the report are digital; part 1 describes the database and digital files and how to obtain them by downloading across the internet. The nine counties surrounding San Francisco Bay straddle the San Andreas fault system, which exposes the region to serious earthquake hazard (Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities, 1999). Much of the land adjacent to the Bay and the major rivers and streams is underlain by unconsolidated deposits that are particularly vulnerable to earthquake shaking and liquefaction of water-saturated granular sediment. This new map provides a consistent detailed treatment of the central part of the 9-county region in which much of the mapping of Open-File Report 00-444 was either at smaller (less detailed) scale or represented only preliminary revision of earlier work. Like Open-File Report 00-444, the current mapping uses geomorphic expression, pedogenic soils, inferred depositional environments, and geologic age to define and distinguish the map units. Further scrutiny of the factors controlling liquefaction susceptibility has led to some changes relative to Open-File Report 00-444: particularly the reclassification of San Francisco Bay mud (Qhbm) to have only MODERATE susceptibility and the rating of artificial fills according to the Quaternary map units inferred to underlie them (other than dams - adf). The two colored

Neurological manifestations of dengue viral infection

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Carod-Artal FJ

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Francisco Javier Carod-Artal1,21Neurology Department, Raigmore hospital, Inverness, UK; 2Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC, Barcelona, Spain Abstract: Dengue is the most common mosquito-borne viral infection worldwide. There is increased evidence for dengue virus neurotropism, and neurological manifestations could make part of the clinical picture of dengue virus infection in at least 0.5%–7.4% of symptomatic cases. Neurological complications have been classified into dengue virus encephalopathy, dengue virus encephalitis, immune-mediated syndromes (acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, myelitis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, neuritis brachialis, acute cerebellitis, and others, neuromuscular complications (hypokalemic paralysis, transient benign muscle dysfunction and myositis, and dengue-associated stroke. Common neuro-ophthalmic complications are maculopathy and retinal vasculopathy. Pathogenic mechanisms include systemic complications and metabolic disturbances resulting in encephalopathy, direct effect of the virus provoking encephalitis, and postinfectious immune mechanisms causing immune-mediated syndromes. Dengue viruses should be considered as a cause of neurological disorders in endemic regions. Standardized case definitions for specific neurological complications are still needed. Keywords: encephalitis, encephalopathy, dengue fever, neurological complications

Un documento inedito: Historia de Sebastián de Belalcázar, escrita por su hijo, Don Francisco

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Juán Friede

1964-04-01

Full Text Available El documento que publicamos, inédito hasta ahora es una breve historia de Sebastián de Belalcázar, gobernador de Popayán, muerto en 1550, escrita por su hijo dos Francisco hacia 1557, cuando se encontraba en España.

Review of Juan Coloma, «"Década de la pasión", "Cántico de la resurrección" de don Juan Coloma, conde de Elda y virrey de Cerdeña. Añádese en apéndice su poesía profana y el epistolario diplomátic con don Juan de Zúñiga», ed. Pedro M. Cátedra y Javier Burguillo, Salamanca, SEMYR, 2015, 532 pp. ISBN 978-84-941708-7-4

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Martín Zulaica Lopez

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Review of Juan Coloma, «Década de la pasión», «Cántico de la resurrección» de don Juan Coloma, conde de Elda y virrey de Cerdeña. Añádese en apéndice su poesía profana y el epistolario diplomátic con don Juan de Zúñiga, ed. Pedro M. Cátedra y Javier Burguillo, Salamanca, SEMYR, 2015, 532 pp. ISBN 978-84-941708-7-4

NA BACIA DO RIO SÃO FRANCISCO, EM MINAS GERAIS

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Lucas Rezende Gomide

2006-01-01

Full Text Available The objectives of this study were: to compare and to apply indices that quantify diversity, equability and similarity in the studied area; to identify possible diversity gradients, and to apply multivariate analysis to create dendrograms of similarity. The studied area was composed of 20 native forest fragments sited in riparian permanent preservation areas along the basin of São Francisco River, in Minas Gerais. The diversity presented a large variation according to all indices: Shannon: 2,176 to 4,389; Simpson: 0,019 to 0,206; Mixture quotient: 0,029 to 0,166, Equability 0,625 to 0,875. The floristic similarity among fragments using the Jaccard and Simpson quotients formed 5 and 4 floristic groups, respectively, with a cut level of 25%.

Mercury in birds of San Francisco Bay-Delta, California: trophic pathways, bioaccumulation, and ecotoxicological risk to avian reproduction

Science.gov (United States)

Ackerman, Joshua T.; Eagles-Smith, Collin A.; Heinz, Gary; De La Cruz, Susan E. W.; Takekawa, John Y.; Miles, A. Keith; Adelsbach, Terrence L.; Herzog, Mark P.; Bluso-Demers, Jill D.; Demers, Scott A.; Herring, Garth; Hoffman, David J.; Hartman, Christopher A.; Willacker, James J.; Suchanek, Thomas H.; Schwarzbach, Steven E.; Maurer, Thomas C.

2014-01-01

San Francisco Bay Estuary in northern California has a legacy of mercury contamination, which could reduce the health and reproductive success of waterbirds in the estuary. The goal of this study was to use an integrated field and laboratory approach to evaluate the risks of mercury exposure to birds in the estuary. We examined mercury bioaccumulation, and other contaminants of concern, in five waterbird species that depend heavily on San Francisco Bay Estuary for foraging and breeding habitat: American avocets (Recurvirostra americana), black-necked stilts (Himantopus mexicanus), Forster’s terns (Sterna forsteri), Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia), and surf scoters (Melanitta perspicillata). These species have different foraging habitats and diets that represent three distinct foraging guilds within the estuary’s food web. In this report, we provide an integrated synthesis of the primary findings from this study and results are synthesized from 54 peer-reviewed publications generated to date with other unpublished results.

Destigmatizing hepatitis B in the Asian American community: lessons learned from the San Francisco Hep B Free Campaign.

Science.gov (United States)

Yoo, Grace J; Fang, Ted; Zola, Janet; Dariotis, Wei Ming

2012-03-01

Compared to any other racial/ethnic group, Asian Americans represent a population disproportionately affected by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, a leading cause of liver cancer. Since 2007, the San Francisco Hep B Free (SFHBF) Campaign has been actively creating awareness and education on the importance of screening, testing, and vaccination of HBV among Asian Americans. In order to understand what messages resonated with Asian Americans in San Francisco, key informant interviews with 23 (n = 23) individuals involved in community outreach were conducted. A key finding was the ability of the SFHBF campaign to utilize unique health communication strategies to break the silence and normalize discussions of HBV. In addition, the campaign's approach to using public disclosures and motivating action by emphasizing solutions towards ending HBV proved to resonate with Asian Americans. The findings and lessons learned have implications for not only HBV but other stigmatized health issues in the Asian American community.

Rocks and geology in the San Francisco Bay region

Science.gov (United States)

Stoffer, Philip W.

2002-01-01

The landscape of the San Francisco Bay region is host to a greater variety of rocks than most other regions in the United States. This introductory guide provides illustrated descriptions of 46 common and important varieties of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rock found in the region. Rock types are described in context of their identification qualities, how they form, and where they occur in the region. The guide also provides discussion about of regional geology, plate tectonics, the rock cycle, the significance of the selected rock types in relation to both earth history and the impact of mineral resources on the development in the region. Maps and text also provide information where rocks, fossils, and geologic features can be visited on public lands or in association with public displays in regional museums, park visitor centers, and other public facilities.

Parnaíba and San Francisco rivers: traveler's fascination and technicians' rationality

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Gercinair Silvério Gandara

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Considering that the environmental variable opens up the prospect of countless historical approaches, I will give attention (having Parnaíba and San Francisco river as scenery to the travelers' accounts,the reports of technicians and engineers, to the political speeches and governmental decisionsundertaken in order to promote better navigability in both rivers. I will also highlight the studies and services aimed to the removal of obstacles the environment from the Parnaíba and San Franciscorivers in the second half the nineteenth century and first half of the twentieth century.

Synthesis of studies in the fall low-salinity zone of the San Francisco Estuary, September-December 2011

Science.gov (United States)

Brown, Larry R.; Baxter, Randall; Castillo, Gonzalo; Conrad, Louise; Culberson, Steven; Erickson, Gregg; Feyrer, Frederick; Fong, Stephanie; Gehrts, Karen; Grimaldo, Lenny; Herbold, Bruce; Kirsch, Joseph; Mueller-Solger, Anke; Slater, Steven B.; Sommer, Ted; Souza, Kelly; Van Nieuwenhuyse, Erwin

2014-01-01

In fall 2011, a large-scale investigation (fall low-salinity habitat investigation) was implemented by the Bureau of Reclamation in cooperation with the Interagency Ecological Program to explore hypotheses about the ecological role of low-salinity habitat in the San Francisco Estuary—specifically, hypotheses about the importance of fall low-salinity habitat to the biology of delta smelt Hypomesus transpacificus, a species endemic to the San Francisco Estuary and listed as threatened or endangered under federal and state endangered species legislation. The Interagency Ecological Program is a consortium of 10 agencies that work together to develop a better understanding of the ecology of the Estuary and the effects of the State Water Project and Federal Central Valley Project operations on the physical, chemical, and biological conditions of the San Francisco Estuary. The fall low-salinity habitat investigation constitutes one of the actions stipulated in the Reasonable and Prudent Alternative issued with the 2008 Biological Opinion of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, which called for adaptive management of fall Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta outflow following “wet” and “above normal” water years to alleviate jeopardy to delta smelt and adverse modification of delta smelt critical habitat. The basic hypothesis of the adaptive management of fall low-salinity habitat is that greater outflows move the low-salinity zone (salinity 1–6), an important component of delta smelt habitat, westward and that moving the low-salinity zone westward of its position in the fall of recent years will benefit delta smelt, although the specific mechanisms providing such benefit are uncertain. An adaptive management plan was prepared to guide implementation of the adaptive management of fall low-salinity habitat and to reduce uncertainty. This report has three major objectives:

Seasonal study of concentration of heavy metals in waters from lower São Francisco River basin, Brazil

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A. M. Souza

Full Text Available Abstract In this study we determined the concentration of metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in the water lower São Francisco River basin, to evaluate the influence of urbanization and industrialization on environmental changes in the water resource. All samples were analyzed using the IUPAC adapted method and processed in an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The sampling stations located near the industrial areas were influenced by industrialization because they presented higher concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni and Cu. The other sampled locations showed changes with regard the trace elements probably originating in the soil, like Fe, Zn and Pb. There was a gradual increase in the concentrations of metals, in general, in the period of highest rainfall of the hydrographic network. Overall, except for Zn and Mn, the trace elements exceeded the maximum allowed value established by national legislation (CONAMA. Lower São Francisco River basin has suffered interference from urbanization and industrialization, so awareness programs should be developed so as to control and lessen future problems.

ASTER Images San Francisco Bay Area

Science.gov (United States)

2000-01-01

These images of the San Francisco Bay region were acquired on March 3, 2000 by the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) on NASA's Terra satellite. Each covers an area 60 kilometers (37 miles) wide and 75 kilometers (47 miles) long. With its 14 spectral bands from the visible to the thermal infrared wavelength region, and its high spatial resolution of 15 to 90 meters (about 50 to 300 feet), ASTER will image the Earth for the next 6 years to map and monitor the changing surface of our planet.Upper Left: The color infrared composite uses bands in the visible and reflected infrared. Vegetation is red, urban areas are gray; sediment in the bays shows up as lighter shades of blue. Thanks to the 15 meter (50-foot) spatial resolution, shadows of the towers along the Bay Bridge can be seen.Upper right: A composite of bands in the short wave infrared displays differences in soils and rocks in the mountainous areas. Even though these regions appear entirely vegetated in the visible, enough surface shows through openings in the vegetation to allow the ground to be imaged.Lower left: This composite of multispectral thermal bands shows differences in urban materials in varying colors. Separation of materials is due to differences in thermal emission properties, analogous to colors in the visible.Lower right: This is a color coded temperature image of water temperature, derived from the thermal bands. Warm waters are in white and yellow, colder waters are blue. Suisun Bay in the upper right is fed directly from the cold Sacramento River. As the water flows through San Pablo and San Francisco Bays on the way to the Pacific, the waters warm up.Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) is one of five Earth-observing instruments launched December 18, 1999, on NASA's Terra satellite. The instrument was built by Japan's Ministry of International Trade and Industry. A joint U.S./Japan science team is responsible for

An Introduction to the San Francisco Estuary Tidal Wetlands Restoration Series

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Larry R. Brown

2003-10-01

Full Text Available Restoration of tidal wetlands may provide an important tool for improving ecological health and water management for beneficial uses of the San Francisco Estuary (hereafter “Estuary”. Given the large losses of tidal wetlands from San Francisco Bay and the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta in the last 150 years, it seems logical to assume that restoring tidal wetlands will have benefits for a variety of aquatic and terrestrial native species that have declined during the same time period. However, many other changes have also occurred in the Estuary concurrent with the declines of native species. Other factors that might be important in species declines include the effects of construction of upstream dams, large and small water diversions within the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, agricultural pesticides, trace elements from industrial and agricultural activities, and invasions of alien species. Discussions among researchers, managers, and stakeholders have identified a number of uncertainties regarding the potential benefits of tidal wetland restoration. The articles of the Tidal Wetlands Restoration Series address four major issues of concern. Stated as questions, these are: 1. Will tidal wetland restoration enhance populations of native fishes? 2. Will wetland restoration increase rates of methylation of mercury? 3. Will primary production and other ecological processes in restored tidal wetlands result in net export of organic carbon to adjacent habitats, resulting in enhancement of the food web? Will the carbon produced contribute to the formation of disinfection byproducts when disinfected for use as drinking water? 4. Will restored tidal wetlands provide long-term ecosystem benefits that can be sustained in response to ongoing physical processes, including sedimentation and hydrodynamics? Reducing the uncertainty surrounding these issues is of critical importance because tidal wetland restoration is assumed to be a critical tool for

Secciones en doble T Invertida en el aeropuerto de San Francisco – (EE. UU.

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Lin, T. Y.

1972-05-01

Full Text Available In the carrying out of this work of enlarging the San Francisco International Airport, a criterion has been maintained which has allowed a series of interesting results to be obtained. The building technique is very unusual, giving it the mark of innovation. This technique has made use of prestressed, prefabricated parts, thus reducing by about 40 % the amount of materials that ordinary building methods would have required, lightening the loads, and keeping as far as possible within the limitations imposed by traffic and the terrain. And all without detriment to a considerable aesthetic effect.En la realización de esta obra para la ampliación del aeropuerto internacional de San Francisco se ha mantenido un criterio que ha permitido obtener una serie de resultados interesantes. Presenta un carácter innovador, ya que la técnica constructiva es muy poco habitual. Dicha técnica ha facilitado emplear elementos prefabricados pretensados, reducir en un 40 % la cantidad de materiales que hubieran sido necesarios de haber utilizado una técnica de construcción normal, aligerar las cargas y ceñirse al máximo a una serie de limitaciones impuestas por el tráfico y la naturaleza del terreno; todo ello sin detrimento de obtener un efecto estético considerable.

Modeling the Joint Labor-Commute Engagement Decisions of San Francisco Bay Area Residents

OpenAIRE

Ory, David T.; Mokhtarian, Patricia L.

2005-01-01

Using socio-demographic, personality, and attitudinal data from 1,680 residents of the San Francisco Bay Area, we develop and estimate binary, multinomial, and nested logit models of the choice to work or not, whether or not to work at home, and whether to commute all of the time or some of the time (either by only working part time, or by working a compressed work week, or by telecommuting some of the time). To our knowledge, these are the first models of all these choices simultaneously. Th...

Prevalência de adiposidade abdominal em adultos de São Francisco do Conde, Bahia, Brasil, 2010

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Luciana Carneiro de Oliveira

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: estimar a prevalência de adiposidade abdominal e identificar fatores associados em adultos no município de São Francisco do Conde, estado da Bahia, Brasil. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal com amostra aleatória de 456 indivíduos com idade igual e superior a 18 anos, cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família do município de São Francisco do Conde-BA em 2010; a presença de adiposidade abdominal foi determinada pela aferição da circunferência da cintura. RESULTADOS: a prevalência de adiposidade abdominal foi de 62,1%; nas mulheres, essa prevalência foi de 76,9% e esteve associada com maior idade (mais de 24 anos e ter mais de três filhos; nos homens, a prevalência foi de 32,9%, superior entre aqueles que referiram nunca terem fumado ou serem ex-fumantes; também foi observada associação entre adiposidade abdominal e hipertensão arterial sistêmica, em ambos os sexos. CONCLUSÃO: observou-se elevada prevalência de adiposidade abdominal, especialmente em mulheres.

Sediment transport of streams tributary to San Francisco, San Pablo, and Suisun Bays, California, 1909-66

Science.gov (United States)

Porterfield, George

1980-01-01

A review of historical sedimentation data is presented, results of sediment-data collection for water years 1957-59 are summarized, and long-term sediment-discharge estimates from a preliminary report are updated. Comparison of results based on 3 years of data to those for the 10 water years, 1957-66, provides an indication of the adequacy of the data obtained during the short period to define the long-term relation between sediment transport and streamflow. During 1909-66, sediment was transported to the entire San Francisco Bay system at an average rate of 8.6 million cubic yards per year. The Sacramento and San Joaquin River basins provided about 83% of the sediment inflow to the system annually during 1957-66 and 86% during 1909-66. About 98% of this inflow was measured or estimated at sediment measuring sites. Measured sediment inflow directly to the bays comprised only about 40% of the total discharged by basins directly tributary to the bays. About 90% of the total sediment discharge to the delta and the bays in the San Francisco Bay system thus was determined on the basis of systematic measurements. (USGS)

Six-year mortality in a street-recruited cohort of homeless youth in San Francisco, California

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Colette L. Auerswald

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Objectives. The mortality rate of a street-recruited homeless youth cohort in the United States has not yet been reported. We examined the six-year mortality rate for a cohort of street youth recruited from San Francisco street venues in 2004. Methods. Using data collected from a longitudinal, venue-based sample of street youth 15–24 years of age, we calculated age, race, and gender-adjusted mortality rates. Results. Of a sample of 218 participants, 11 died from enrollment in 2004 to December 31, 2010. The majority of deaths were due to suicide and/or substance abuse. The death rate was 9.6 deaths per hundred thousand person-years. The age, race and gender-adjusted standardized mortality ratio was 10.6 (95% CI [5.3–18.9]. Gender specific SMRs were 16.1 (95% CI [3.3–47.1] for females and 9.4 (95% CI [4.0–18.4] for males. Conclusions. Street-recruited homeless youth in San Francisco experience a mortality rate in excess of ten times that of the state’s general youth population. Services and programs, particularly housing, mental health and substance abuse interventions, are urgently needed to prevent premature mortality in this vulnerable population.

Christopher Columbus, Hernando Cortes, and Francisco Pizzaro: A Qualitative Content Analysis Examining Cultural Bias in World History Textbooks

Science.gov (United States)

Lillejord, Jebadiah Serril

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study is to investigate to what extent contemporary high school world history textbooks portray Christopher Columbus, Hernán Cortés, and Francisco Pizarro within the context of being "sacred," "profane," or someplace in between. To evaluate for existence of content bias this study employed qualitative…

Trans Women Doing Sex in San Francisco.

Science.gov (United States)

Williams, Colin J; Weinberg, Martin S; Rosenberger, Joshua G

2016-10-01

This research investigates the sexuality of trans women (individuals who were assigned male status at birth who currently identify as women), by focusing on the "bodily techniques" (Crossley, 2006) they use in "doing" sexuality. The "doing sexuality" framework not only is modeled after the "doing gender" approach of West and Zimmerman (1987), but also utilizes the idea of "sexual embodiment" to emphasize the agency of trans women as they conceptualize and organize their sexuality in a socially recognized way. This is often difficult as they confront discrimination from medical and legal professionals as well as intimate partners who may find it difficult to adapt to the trans woman's atypical body and conception of gender. However, with a study group of 25 trans women from San Francisco, we found the study participants to be adept at overcoming such hurdles and developing techniques to "do" their sexuality. At the same time, we found trans women's agency constrained by the erotic habitus (Green, 2008) of the wider society. The interplay between innovation and cultural tradition provides an opportunity to fashion a more general model of "doing" sexuality.

Francisco de Aguiar y Seijas, pastor del rebaño

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Silva Herrera, Rocío

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Which was the pastoral profile of Francisco de Aguiar y Seijas, archbishop of Mexico? Through the dates of the Book of visit in his fourth journey in the regions of Chalco, Amilpas, Xochimilco and Coyoacan from december 4th 1686 to april 9th 1687, and making use of the thematic biography as method, the answer to the initial question has arrived. After the Council of Trent, the bishop had the duty to promote the reform of customs in his diocese; the pastoral visit was a privileged way to achieve it. The archbishop Aguiar, educated from the tridentine discipline in the archdiocese of Santiago de Compostela, made of his pastoral visit a really popular mission among the people. He takes a small itinerant curia, to govern and discharging justice in a delegated manner. A disciplined, austere and conciliator man, he served as a souls shepherd more than a court official.¿Cuál fue el perfil pastoral de Francisco de Aguiar y Seijas, arzobispo de México? A través de los datos que aporta el Libro de visita de su cuarta salida a las regiones de Chalco, Amilpas, Xochimilco y Coyoacán del 4 de diciembre de 1686 al 9 de abril de 1687, y utilizando la metodología de la biografía temática, se ha dado respuesta a la pregunta inicial. Luego del Concilio de Trento, el obispo tenía el grave deber de suscitar la reforma de las costumbres en su diócesis; la visita pastoral fue un medio privilegiado para lograrlo. El arzobispo Aguiar, formado bajo la disciplina tridentina en la arquidiócesis compostelana, hizo de su visita pastoral una verdadera misión popular entre la gente. Acompañado de una pequeña curia itinerante, gobernó e impartió justicia con características de delegación de poder. Hombre disciplinado, austero y de carácter conciliador se dirigió más como pastor de almas que como funcionario real. [gl] Cal foi o perfil pastoral de Francisco de Aguiar e Seijas, arcebispo de México? A través dos datos que achega o libro de visita da s

33 CFR 165.1182 - Safety/Security Zone: San Francisco Bay, San Pablo Bay, Carquinez Strait, and Suisun Bay, CA.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Safety/Security Zone: San... Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY (CONTINUED) PORTS AND WATERWAYS SAFETY... Areas Eleventh Coast Guard District § 165.1182 Safety/Security Zone: San Francisco Bay, San Pablo Bay...

Los Padres de la Iglesia de Joaquín Oliet y la obra de Francisco de Goya

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Alba Pagán, Ester

2008-12-01

Full Text Available The painter from Castellón, Joaquin Oliet Cruellas, carried out prolific mural decorations for various churches in Valencia, Alicante and Castellón in which his intense visual culture is evident. Especially interesting are the series of Fathers of the Latin Church painted for several of these churches, which display, with variants, compositions identical to those attributed to Francisco de Goya in Calatayud, Muel and Remolinos.

El pintor castellonense Joaquín Oliet Cruella realizó para diversas parroquias valencianas, castellonenses y alicantinas una prolífica decoración mural, en la que es palpable una intensa cultura visual. Especialmente interesante es la serie de Padres de la Iglesia Latina u Occidental, que realizó para la decoración de algunas de estas iglesias, que muestran, con variantes, idénticas composiciones a las que se atribuyen a Francisco de Goya en Calatayud, Muel y Remolinos.

Evaluation of quality of clay used in red ceramic arising from the region of Baixo Sao Francisco - Sergipe (Brazil)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Azevedo, T.F.; Andrade, C.E.C. de; Santos, C.R. dos; Griza, S.; Barreto, L.S.

2011-01-01

The activity of red ceramic production in the territory of the Baixo Sao Francisco, in Sergipe had its origin 20 years ago and involves the cities of Neopolis, Santana do Sao Francisco, Propria and Telha, marketed primarily for the State of Alagoas. The clay used is extracted in the flood plain of the River. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of clay used in the manufacture of ceramic blocks with and without addition of residue (5, 10 and 15%). Were used a clay composition of the industrial process. Measurements were made RD-X, TGA, plasticity index, retraction, absorption, mechanical strength. The samples were prepared by extrusion and treated at temperatures of 600 ° C, 800 ° C and 900 ° C. The results showed a significant reduction in the absorption, decrease with increasing temperature and plasticity indexes suitable for extrusion. The values of mechanical strength at 800 ° C and 900 ° C were higher than 1.5 MPa. (author)

Estimating alcohol-related premature mortality in san francisco: use of population-attributable fractions from the global burden of disease study

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Reiter Randy B

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background In recent years, national and global mortality data have been characterized in terms of well-established risk factors. In this regard, alcohol consumption has been called the third leading "actual cause of death" (modifiable behavioral risk factor in the United States, after tobacco use and the combination of poor diet and physical inactivity. Globally and in various regions of the world, alcohol use has been established as a leading contributor to the overall burden of disease and as a major determinant of health disparities, but, to our knowledge, no one has characterized alcohol-related harm in such broad terms at the local level. We asked how alcohol-related premature mortality in San Francisco, measured in years of life lost (YLLs, compares with other well-known causes of premature mortality, such as ischemic heart disease or HIV/AIDS. Methods We applied sex- and cause-specific population-attributable fractions (PAFs of years of life lost (YLLs from the Global Burden of Disease Study to 17 comparable outcomes among San Francisco males and females during 2004-2007. We did this in three ways: Method 1 assumed that all San Franciscans drink like populations in developed economies. These estimates were limited to alcohol-related harm. Method 2 modified these estimates by including several beneficial effects. Method 3 assumed that Latino and Asian San Franciscans drink alcohol like populations in the global regions related to their ethnicity. Results By any of these three methods, alcohol-related premature mortality accounts for roughly a tenth of all YLLs among males. Alcohol-related YLLs among males are comparable to YLLs for leading causes such as ischemic heart disease and HIV/AIDS, in some instances exceeding them. Latino and black males bear a disproportionate burden of harm. Among females, for whom estimates differed more by method and were smaller than those for males, alcohol-related YLLs are comparable to leading

La labor reconstructora de Francisco Somolinos en Langreo, Asturias: la iglesia parroquial de Santiago Apóstol = The Rebuilding Task of Francisco Somolinos in Langreo, Asturias: The Parish Church of Santiago Apostol

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Noelia Fernández García

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Después de la Guerra Civil, la arquitectura española estuvo regida por el estilo establecido por la Dirección General de Regiones Devastadas. A partir de este momento, en la construcción de los templos se recuperaron los historicismos más representativos de la historia del catolicismo, tales como serían el románico y el gótico, por ser considerados los adecuados para mostrar el espíritu de la Iglesia. Así, la iglesia parroquial de Santiago Apóstol, construida por Francisco Somolinos en el concejo asturiano de Langreo, resulta un ejemplo clave de la arquitectura religiosa de posguerra ya que evidencia claramente las nuevas formas de actuación arquitectónica durante el primer franquismo.After the Civil War, the style established by the so -called General Direction of Devastated Regions ruled Spanish architecture. Since that moment, the most representative historic styles of Catholicism were recovered for the construction of new churches, such as the Romanesque or the Gothic style, because they were considered as suitable to show the essence and spirit of the religious institution. Thus, Santiago Apóstol parish church, built by Francisco Somolinos in the council of Langreo, is a great example of post-war religious architecture because it shows the new architectural tendencies during the first years of Franco’s dictatorship.

Long path optical extinction and meteorology in the San Francisco bay area

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Porch, W M; Galloway, T R; Green, T J; Ellsaesser, H W

1981-01-01

Comparison of night-time long path extinction (25 km) across San Francisco Bay and local meteorological measurements at Oakland Airport revealed a dominant role of boundary layer mixing on visibility. Inversion depth and inversion depth multiplied by wind speed were both strongly inversely correlated with night-time atmospheric extinction. Oakland Airport wind speed and humidity showed little correlation with the extinction measurements. Stellar extinction was also found to be sensitive to mixing depth. This is important as visibility and turbidity trend studies rarely include mixing depth measurements. These results indicate the importance of developing instruments to use the same light source for remote sensing of atmospheric constituents, wind and humidity.

EX1006 Hawaii to San Francisco Transit to Drydock (EX1006, EM302) on Okeanos Explorer in Hawaii, US West Coast

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Okeanos Explorer (EX) will transit from Honolulu, HI to San Francisco for the winter inport and drydock period. During the transit, the EX will perform 24-hour...

Ground-motion modeling of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, part I: Validation using the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake

Science.gov (United States)

Aagaard, Brad T.; Brocher, T.M.; Dolenc, D.; Dreger, D.; Graves, R.W.; Harmsen, S.; Hartzell, S.; Larsen, S.; Zoback, M.L.

2008-01-01

We compute ground motions for the Beroza (1991) and Wald et al. (1991) source models of the 1989 magnitude 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake using four different wave-propagation codes and recently developed 3D geologic and seismic velocity models. In preparation for modeling the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, we use this well-recorded earthquake to characterize how well our ground-motion simulations reproduce the observed shaking intensities and amplitude and durations of recorded motions throughout the San Francisco Bay Area. All of the simulations generate ground motions consistent with the large-scale spatial variations in shaking associated with rupture directivity and the geologic structure. We attribute the small variations among the synthetics to the minimum shear-wave speed permitted in the simulations and how they accommodate topography. Our long-period simulations, on average, under predict shaking intensities by about one-half modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) units (25%-35% in peak velocity), while our broadband simulations, on average, under predict the shaking intensities by one-fourth MMI units (16% in peak velocity). Discrepancies with observations arise due to errors in the source models and geologic structure. The consistency in the synthetic waveforms across the wave-propagation codes for a given source model suggests the uncertainty in the source parameters tends to exceed the uncertainty in the seismic velocity structure. In agreement with earlier studies, we find that a source model with slip more evenly distributed northwest and southeast of the hypocenter would be preferable to both the Beroza and Wald source models. Although the new 3D seismic velocity model improves upon previous velocity models, we identify two areas needing improvement. Nevertheless, we find that the seismic velocity model and the wave-propagation codes are suitable for modeling the 1906 earthquake and scenario events in the San Francisco Bay Area.

La potestad tributaria en Francisco Suárez

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Luis Carlos Amezúa Amezúa

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Francisco Suárez es el teólogo más relevante de la escuela española de derecho natural o Escuela de Salamanca en sentido amplio. Según piensa, el derecho de imponer tributos justos reside en exclusiva en la autoridad suprema, sin necesitar el consentimiento de las Cortes. El Estado tiene ese poder de establecer leyes tributarias para asegurar la paz, el orden y el buen gobierno de la comunidad. Es el poder más importante entre todas las facultades propias de la soberanía, pero debe respetar las exigencias de un impuesto justo: además de la autoridad legítima, una causa justa y distribución proporcional. En este artículo, desarrollaremos la doctrina de Suárez, su interpretación acerca de la duda probable sobre la injusticia del impuesto, y su aceptación de los impuestos sobre el consumo. Todos estos razonamientos iban dirigidos a fortalecer al gobernante, que debe actuar dentro de un marco ético respetuoso con el bien común.

Sub-tidal benthic habitats of central San Francisco Bay and offshore Golden Gate area: A review

Science.gov (United States)

Greene, H. Gary; Endris, Charles; Vallier, Tracy; Golden, Nadine E.; Cross, Jeffery; Ryan, Holly F.; Dieter, Bryan; Niven, Eric; Barnard, P.L.; Jaffee, B.E.; Schoellhamer, D.H.

2013-01-01

Deep-water potential estuarine and marine benthic habitat types were defined from a variety of new and interpreted data sets in central San Francisco Bay and offshore Golden Gate area including multibeam echosounder (MBES), side-scan sonar and bottom grab samples. Potential estuarine benthic habitats identified for the first time range from hard bedrock outcrops on island and mainland flanks and some Bay floor

Pb/Pb isochron ages and Pb isotope geochemistry of Bambui Group carbonate rocks from the southern portion of the Sao Francisco Basin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Babinski, M.

1993-01-01

This study involves the establishment of chemical and analytical procedure for Pb/Pb dating of Neo proterozoic carbonate rocks and their application to obtaining isochron ages of Bambui Group rocks from the southern portion of the Sao Francisco Basin, Minas Gerais State. The Pb isotopic compositions and U and Pb concentrations determined on more than 90 samples (≅ 600 analyses) from Sete Lagoas do Jacare formations, Bambui Group, from different parts of the basin, showed four distinct types of Pb, here called types I, II, III and IV. Type I Pb was found in samples with low Pb concentrations and relatively high U concentrations. Type II Pb is present in samples with relatively high Pb concentrations and low U concentrations it is non-radiogenic crustal Pb. Type III Pb is also found in samples with high Pb concentrations and low U concentrations but it is radiogenic crustal Pb. Type IV Pb occurs in samples with U/Pb ratios lower than 1 and is intermediate in composition between Type III and Type I Pb. According to the data presented in this paper it is suggested that carbonate rocks from Sete Lagoas Formations were deposited before 686±69 Ma. Rocks from the Lagoa do Jacare Formation, contained only Type II Pb, which does not permit determination of a Pb/Pb age. During the interval from 690 to 500 Ma, the Pb isotope system of the carbonate rocks from the Sao Francisco Basin was disturbed, and in some areas it was totally reset. The imprecise U/Pb ages of 550-600 Ma obtained from some of the carbonate rocks reflect this disturbance. The ages determined in this study are in agreement with most of the published ages of the tectonism from the Brasiliano fold belts marginal to Sao Francisco Craton, showing that the isotopic systems of Sao Francisco Basin rocks were largely affected by brasiliano tectonism. (author)

Affective foodscapes in an economy of passion : repetition, opposition and adaptation in Mexican restaurants in Amsterdam, Madrid and San Francisco

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Matus Ruiz, M.

2012-01-01

The
 main
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 of
 my
 research
 was
 to
 analyze
 how
 the
 desire
 to
 affect
 and
 be
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 by
 foreign
 signs
relates
 to
 the
 commoditization
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 food
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 offered
 in
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 in
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 I
 conceive
 restaurants
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Engineers at the Golden Gate: A History of the San Francisco District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1866-1980

Science.gov (United States)

1980-01-01

long-distance, endurance horse ride. A rather unique activity is the special observance of Native American Day, held to pay tribute to the Porno ...by San Francisco District in conjunction with the Mendocino Porno Council, a Native-American organization, to promote American Indian heritage and

Francisco Prat Puig: His pedagogical praxis at the Universidad de Oriente

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María Cristina Hierrezuelo-Planas

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Doctor Francisco Prat Puig was one of the spanish intellectualist who sheltered in the Island of Cuba after the falling down of the Spanish Republic and in 1948 was part of the staff of professors of the recently founded Universidad de Oriente. He developed a teaching process which was centered on instruction through education and which followed the transmission and formation of values departing from his personal behavior and attitude. This took peace until his death in may, 1997. These aspect constitute one of the mastery strategies of the High Level Education Ministry of Cuba. The fact that most of his educational performance was done by the time when these aspect were not deeply applied, gives his pedagogical praxis a precursory character.

Relaci??n entre la insafisfacci??n con la imagen corporal, autoestima, autoconcepto f??sico y la composici??n corporal en el alumnado de segundo ciclo de Educaci??n Secundaria de la ciudad de Alicante

OpenAIRE

Est??vez D??az, Manuel

2012-01-01

Hoy en d??a se considera probado que la actividad f??sica y la pr??ctica deportiva guardan relaci??n directa con el autoconcepto y que dicha relaci??n es bidireccional (Balaguer & Garc??a Merita, 1994; Go??i & Zulaika, 2000; Go??i, Ruiz de Az??a & Rodr??guez, 2004). Pero esta afirmaci??n tiene que ser matizada ya que tambi??n se sabe, por ejemplo, que no derivan sin m??s efectos beneficiosos de toda actividad f??sica, que se han encontrado asociaciones entre la insatisfacci??n corporal y el e...

La poética iluminada de la locura: Francisco Matos Paoli contra el imperio

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María Giulianna Zambrano Murillo

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo propone una exégesis del poema carcelario “Canto de la locura” (1962 del puertorriqueño Francisco Matos Paoli (1915-2000 como una defensa de la locura como posibilidad epistémica y poética liberadora frente a la biopolítica carcelaria y colonial. En los años cincuenta, el nacionalismo puertorriqueño, además de ser proscrito mediante la Ley 53, conocida como la Mordaza, fue estigmatizado como una amenaza delirante a la estabilidad del Gobierno en la isla. Con una voz poética hiperlúcida que desborda los límites del lenguaje, Matos Paoli insiste en la pregunta por la libertad de la isla mientras denuncia la violencia colonial estadounidense. This article proposes a reading of the poem “Canto de la locura” (1962, written by Puerto Rican Francisco Matos Paoli (1915-2000, as defending madness as an epistemic possibility as well as an emancipatory poetics in the face of penitentiary and colonial biopolitics. In the 1950s, Puerto Rican nationalism, in addition to being prohibited by Law 53, known as la Mordaza (Gag Law, was stigmatized as a delirious threat to the stability of the island’s government. With a hyperlucid poetic voice that exceeds the limits of language, Matos Paoli insists on the question of freedom for Puerto Rico while denouncing the colonial violence of the United States.

Microphytobenthos potential productivity estimated in three tidal embayments of the San Francisco Bay system

Science.gov (United States)

Guarini, Jean-Marc; Cloern, James E.; Edmunds, Jody L.; Gros, Philippe

2002-01-01

In this paper we describe a three-step procedure to infer the spatial heterogeneity in microphytobenthos primary productivity at the scale of tidal estuaries and embayments. The first step involves local measurement of the carbon assimilation rate of benthic microalgae to determine the parameters of the photosynthesis-irradiance (P-E) curves (using non-linear optimization methods). In the next step, a resampling technique is used to rebuild pseudo-sampling distributions of the local productivity estimates; these provide error estimates for determining the significance level of differences between sites. The third step combines the previous results with deterministic models of tidal elevation and solar irradiance to compute mean and variance of the daily areal primary productivity over an entire intertidal mudflat area within each embayment. This scheme was applied on three different intertidal mudflat regions of the San Francisco Bay estuary during autumn 1998. Microphytobenthos productivity exhibits strong (ca. 3-fold) significant differences among the major sub-basins of San Francisco Bay. This spatial heterogeneity is attributed to two main causes: significant differences in the photosynthetic competence (P-E parameters) of the microphytobenthos in the different sub-basins, and spatial differences in the phase shifts between the tidal and solar cycles controlling the exposure of intertidal areas to sunlight. The procedure is general and can be used in other estuaries to assess the magnitude and patterns of spatial variability of microphytobenthos productivity at the level of the ecosystems.

The significance of ultra-refracted surface gravity waves on sheltered coasts, with application to San Francisco Bay

Science.gov (United States)

Hanes, D.M.; Erikson, L.H.

2013-01-01

Ocean surface gravity waves propagating over shallow bathymetry undergo spatial modification of propagation direction and energy density, commonly due to refraction and shoaling. If the bathymetric variations are significant the waves can undergo changes in their direction of propagation (relative to deepwater) greater than 90° over relatively short spatial scales. We refer to this phenomenon as ultra-refraction. Ultra-refracted swell waves can have a powerful influence on coastal areas that otherwise appear to be sheltered from ocean waves. Through a numerical modeling investigation it is shown that San Francisco Bay, one of the earth's largest and most protected natural harbors, is vulnerable to ultra-refracted ocean waves, particularly southwest incident swell. The flux of wave energy into San Francisco Bay results from wave transformation due to the bathymetry and orientation of the large ebb tidal delta, and deep, narrow channel through the Golden Gate. For example, ultra-refracted swell waves play a critical role in the intermittent closure of the entrance to Crissy Field Marsh, a small restored tidal wetland located on the sheltered north-facing coast approximately 1.5 km east of the Golden Gate Bridge.

Influence of Plastic Covering on the Microclimate in Vineyards in the São Francisco River Valley Region

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Mário de Miranda Vilas Boas Ramos Leitão

Full Text Available Abstract Data from field experiments conducted in table grape vineyards variety of Festival in Petrolina-PE in the period from September 19 to October 12, 2010 were used to evaluate the influence of plastic cover on microclimate conditions of vineyards in São Francisco River Valley region. Three treatments were studied: canopies without plastic cover (WC; with plastic cover positioned at 50 cm (PC50, and at 100 cm (PC100 above canopy. The results indicate that the plastic cover prevented the passage of about 40% of the global and net radiation, retained the relative humidity inside the canopy, generated an increase of air temperature and marked reduction in wind speed over the canopy of treatment PC50. However, treatment PC100 had a higher incidence of short wavelength and net radiation under canopy (on the berries than WC and PC50 treatments, resulting in more favorable weather conditions, providing about 40% greater productivity in this treatment. Therefore, the vineyard with plastic cover placed at 100 cm above canopy represents a more suitable alternative to the climatic conditions of the region of the São Francisco River Valley.

La pena de muerte según Francisco de Vitoria

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Niceto BLÁZQUEZ

2009-11-01

Full Text Available Francisco de Vitoria defendió la licitud moral de la pena de muerte como castigo jurídico impuesto por la suprema autoridad del Estado contra determinados delincuentes, lo que plantea un problema serio desde el punto de vista de la defensa de los derechos fundamentales del hombre, entre los cuales hay que destacar el primero y más fundamental, cual es el derecho a la propia vida. El maestro de Salamanca sigue sin ninguna reserva la tesis de Santo Tomás, para cuya defensa añade algunos razonamientos apologéticos sobre los cuales me propongo hacer algunas reflexiones críticas. Vitoria plantea el problema siguiendo el orden riguroso de la Suma Teológica, pero teniendo en cuenta el contexto sociológico, religioso y cultural de su tiempo, lo que le lleva a discutir directamente con protestantes y escotistas, frente a los cuales trata de justificar el pensamiento tomasiano sobre la pena capital por parte del estado.

Risk Behaviors among Asian Women Who Work at Massage Parlors in San Francisco: Perspectives from Masseuses and Owners/Managers

Science.gov (United States)

Nemoto, Tooru; Iwamoto, Mariko; Oh, Hyun Joo; Wong, Serena; Nguyen, Hongmai

2005-01-01

This study investigates cognitive, cultural, and contextual factors that influence HIV-related risk behaviors among Asian women who engage in sex work at massage parlors in San Francisco. Focus groups and qualitative interviews were conducted for Vietnamese and Thai masseuses and massage parlor owners/managers. Economic pressure as well as…

[The intervention of Dr Francisco Díaz in the inquisitorial process against Elena/o de Cespedes, a transsexual surgeon found guilty by the Inquistion in Toledo in 1587].

Science.gov (United States)

Maganto Pavón, Emilio

2007-10-01

To make known, comprehensively, an almost unknown episode in the life of Dr. Francisco Diaz (1527-1590), surgeon of the king Philip II, and author of the first urology treaty in the history of medicine. To our knowledge, to date there were few references about the participation that, as an expert, Francisco Diaz had to have in the inquisitorial process against Elena de Cespedes, a presumed hermaphrodite accused by the Inquisition because being a woman married another one pretending to be a man. The trial was carried out in Toledo in 1587 and had great impact in that time, because the accused, dressing with male clothes and usurping the prerogatives of a man, had gotten by fraud titles and favours which were forbidden for women, the title of surgeon among them. Except for the reference by Folch Jou and Burshatin, both short and incomplete, no other author or biographer of the famous surgeon had cited this episode of his life, which to our judgment could mean a great damage to his reputation. We reviewed the works by the two aforementioned authors, all the works and biographies about Dr. Francisco Diaz that we could found, and microfilmed and transcript the whole bundle 234, expedient 24, from the section Inquisition at the National Historical Archive in Madrid, corresponding to Elena de Cespedes (alias Eleno) (> 500 pages) to obtain the greatest amount of data about the accused and the performance of Dr. Francisco Diaz. Francisco Diaz was requested, as an expert, by the Vicar of Madrid to perform the examination of the genitourinary organs to give or not marriage license to that woman saying she was a man. In his report in the year 1586, surprisingly the urologist declared that the petitioner was a man. As it would be demonstrated during the trial, the accused, who alleged being hermaphrodite in her defense, had been able to deceive the expert with her tricks altering her genital morphology. Thanks to her surgical knowledge she had mutilated herself surgically

Synopsis of Boraginaceae sensu lato in the Caatingas of the São Francisco River, Northeastern Brazil

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Miranda de Melo, José Iranildo

2015-06-01

Full Text Available This work presents a commented synopsis of Boraginaceae sensu lato in the basin of the lower-middle and lower stretches of the São Francisco River in Northeast Brazil (states of Pernambuco and Bahia. Five genera and 21 species were recorded: Euploca, with six species; Cordia, with five; Varronia, with four; and Heliotropium and Myriopus, represented by three species each. A new combination in the genus Myriopus is here proposed. Keys for the separation of genera and species as well as distributional and geographical data are provided.Este trabajo presenta una sinopsis comentada de la familia Boraginaceae sensu lato en la cuenca media y baja del río São Francisco, nordeste del Brasil (estados de Pernambuco y Bahía. Se reconocen cinco géneros y 21 especies: Euploca, con seis especies; Cordia, con cinco; Varronia, con cuatro y Heliotropium y Myriopus, representados por tres especies cada. Se propone una combinación nueva en el género Myriopus. Así mismo, se aportan claves para la separación de los géneros y especies y datos sobre la distribución geográfica y la ecología de las especies.

As “marcas” de uma nova fronteira vinícola: identidade cultural das marcas de vinhos do Vale do São Francisco [doi: 10.5329/RECADM.2014025

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Suélen Matozo Franco

2014-12-01

Full Text Available O polo vitivinícola Vale do São Francisco situa-se no Novo Mundo dos vinhos, onde o desenvolvimento das marcas é a orientação dominante. Assim, a identidade desses vinhos está atrelada à de suas marcas. A identidade marcária, discutida tradicionalmente sob uma orientação estratégico-gerencial, também pode ser concebida como identidade discursiva, resultante de diversos vetores além de formulações estratégicas. Aqui, de forma propositiva, assumimos a identidade de marcas como resultado de processos identificatórios numa cultura, portanto uma identidade cultural, o que se aproxima da concepção discursiva. Buscamos, portanto, compreender como são construídas as identidades das marcas de vinho do Vale do São Francisco. Para tanto, procedemos a uma análise de discurso crítica, com base na Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional de M. A. K. Halliday, de entrevistas realizadas com três grupos de agentes: produtores, consumidores e mediadores. Chegamos a 20 traços identitários, que, agrupados conceitualmente, resultaram em seis identidades culturais: acanhada, competente, jovial, honesta, medíocre e tradicional. Os resultados apontam para uma construção de identidades ancorada num sistema de referências dominante, resultando na desconsideração da tipicidade da região, numa tentativa de sufocar a diferença e alinhar-se ao discurso dominante.. Palavras-Chave Vale do São Francisco, Identidade, Marca, Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional.     “BRANDS” OF A NEW WINERY FRONTIER: SÃO FRANCISCO VALLEY WINE BRANDS’ CULTURAL IDENTITY   ABSTRACT The São Francisco Valley is located in wine’s New World, where the development of brands is the dominant orientation. Thus, the identity of these wines is linked to their brands. The identity mark, traditionally discussed a policy-strategic management, can also be conceived as discursive identity resulting from various vectors as well as strategic formulations. Here, in a purposeful

Religiosidad e identidad en San Francisco de Campeche. Siglos XVI y XVII

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Rocher Salas, Adriana Delfina

2006-12-01

Full Text Available This study examines the problems concomitant to the development of a common identity among the Spanish settlers of San Francisco de Campeche during the Colonial period, with focus on the role played by religious elements in the shaping of this identity – in particular, the cult to the saints. An analysis of factors such as the characteristics of the saints in the neighborhood and local associations; processes of cult adoption, adaptation or dismissal; as well as the participation of the different local sectors in promoting the to their respective saints will be presented. This analysis will take into consideration the conflictive relationship between Spanish settlers and native people in Yucatán, a situation that prevented the using of aboriginal cultural elements in the shaping of a new identity

Este trabajo estudia los problemas que acompañaron la gestación de una identidad propia y común para los residentes hispanos de la villa y puerto de San Francisco de Campeche durante el período colonial y la participación de elementos religiosos, particularmente el culto a los santos patronos, en el proceso. Teniendo como telón de fondo la peculiaridad de la región yucateca, donde una conflictiva relación entre españoles e indígenas impidió la utilización de elementos culturales prehispánicos en la formación de una conciencia identitaria, se analizan diversos factores, como las características de los santos tutelares de los barrios y de algunas corporaciones locales, los procesos de adopción, adaptación u olvido de sus cultos por parte del vecindario porteño y la participación de los diferentes sectores locales en la promoción de sus santos patronos.

Co-Production of Actionable Science: Recommendations to the Secretary of Interior and a San Francisco Case Study

Science.gov (United States)

Behar, D. H.; Pfeffer, W. T.; Beier, P.

2015-12-01

"Actionable Science provides data, analyses, projections, or tools that can support decisions regarding the management of the risks and impacts of climate change. It is ideally co-produced by scientists and decision makers and creates rigorous and accessible products to meet the needs of stakeholders. (Report to the Secretary of the Interior, Advisory Committee on Climate Change and Natural Resource Science (ACCCNRS), March 30, 2015)During one 17 month period ending in 2013, three major reports on sea level rise from three highly respected science providers produced three divergent estimates of sea level rise. These reports collectively flummoxed the lay reader seeking direction for adaptation planning. Guidance documents soon emerged from state entities which caused further confusion. The City and County of San Francisco began developing "Guidance for Incorporating Sea Level Rise into Capital Planning" in 2013 at the direction of San Francisco Mayor Edwin Lee (http://onesanfrancisco.org/staff-resources/sea-level-rise-guidance/). The first task in developing this Guidance was to convert these highly technical reports into "actionable science." This required extensive expert elicitation to tease out their meaning and use value for decision making. This process, which resulted in detailed guidance on the use of SLR science in planning, is increasingly being called "co-production."Co-production requires both scientist and decision-maker to hear the other's perspective, reflect upon the decision-maker's precise needs, and translate peer review science into lay language and practical advice for decision making. The co-production dynamic was the subject of extensive discussion in the federal Advisory Committee on Climate Change and Natural Resource Science. The ACCCNRS recommendations (https://nccwsc.usgs.gov/acccnrs) include not only the new definition of Actionable Science cited above, but also a "How-To-Guide" that outlines principles for successfully creating a co

Modified Mercalli intensities for some recent California earthquakes and historic San Francisco Bay Region earthquakes

Science.gov (United States)

Bakun, William H.

1998-01-01

Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) data for recent California earthquakes were used by Bakun and Wentworth (1997) to develop a strategy for bounding the location and moment magnitude M of earthquakes from MMI observations only. Bakun (Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., submitted) used the Bakun and Wentworth (1997) strategy to analyze 19th century and early 20th century San Francisco Bay Region earthquakes. The MMI data and site corrections used in these studies are listed in this Open-file Report. 

Providing Specialty Care for the Poor and Underserved at Student-Run Free Clinics in the San Francisco Bay Area.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Max Bolun; Xiong, Grace; Boggiano, Victoria Lynn; Ye, Patrick Peiyong; Lin, Steven

2017-01-01

This report describes the model of specialty clinics implemented at Stanford University's two student-run free clinics, Arbor Free Clinic and Pacific Free Clinic, in the San Francisco Bay Area. We describe our patient demographic characteristics and the specialty services provided. We discuss challenges in implementing specialty care at student-run free clinics.

The critical role of islands for waterbird breeding and foraging habitat in managed ponds of the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project, South San Francisco Bay, California

Science.gov (United States)

Ackerman, Joshua T.; Hartman, C. Alex; Herzog, Mark P.; Smith, Lacy M.; Moskal, Stacy M.; De La Cruz, Susan E. W.; Yee, Julie L.; Takekawa, John Y.

2014-01-01

The South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project aims to restore 50–90 percent of former salt evaporation ponds into tidal marsh in South San Francisco Bay, California. However, large numbers of waterbirds use these ponds annually as nesting and foraging habitat. Islands within ponds are particularly important habitat for nesting, foraging, and roosting waterbirds. To maintain current waterbird populations, the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project plans to create new islands within former salt ponds in South San Francisco Bay. In a series of studies, we investigated pond and individual island attributes that are most beneficial to nesting, foraging, and roosting waterbirds.

Producción y comercialización de artículos de cuero en la asociación san francisco. Estrategias para mejorar la productividad y competitividad.

OpenAIRE

Galindo Játiva, Ruth Marlene

2014-01-01

1. Evaluar los procesos de producción y comercialización de los artículos de cuero de la Asociación de pequeños productores y comerciantes San Francisco, en la ciudad de Cotacachi, para determinar la situación actual. 2. Mejorar la productividad y competitividad en la Asociación de pequeños productores y comerciantes San Francisco, en la ciudad de Cotacachi, para optimizar la producción y comercialización de artículos de cuero. El presente trabajo de investigación sobre las estrategias ...

1993 Annual Report: San Francisco estuary regional monitoring program for trace substances

Science.gov (United States)

Thompson, B.; Lacy, Jessica; Hardin, Dane; Grovhaug, Tom; Taberski, K.; Jassby, Alan D.; Cloern, James E.; Caffrey, J.; Cole, B.; Schoellhamer, David H.

1993-01-01

This first annual report of the San Francisco Estuary Regional Monitoring Program contains the results of monitoring measurements made in 1993. Measurements of conventional water quality parameters and trace contaminant concentrations were made at 16 stations throughout the Estuary three times during the year: the wet period (March), during declining Delta outflow (May), and during the dry period (September). Water toxicity tests were conducted at 8 of those stations. Measurements of sediment quality and contaminant concentrations were made at the same 16 stations during the wet and dry sampling periods. Sediment toxicity was measured at 8 of those stations. Transplanted, bagged bivalve bioaccumulation and condition was measured at 11 stations during the wet and dry sampling periods.

ENTENDENDO A DINÂMICA CULTURAL EM XINGÓ NA PERSPECTIVA INTER SÍTIOS: INDÚSTRIAS LÍTICAS E OS LUGARES PERSISTENTES NO BAIXO VALE DO RIO SÃO FRANCISCO, NORDESTE DO BRASIL (Entendiendo la dinámica cultural en Xingó en la perspectiva inter-sitios: industrias líticas y los lugares persistentes en el bajo valle del río São Francisco, Nordeste del Brasil; Understanding cultural dynamics in Xingó from an intersite perspective: lithic industries and persistent places in the São Francisco river low valley, Northeastern Brazil

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Marcelo Fagundes

2010-06-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar parte dos resultados da tese de doutoramento acerca da dinâmica cultural evidenciada em dezesseis sítios arqueológicos localizados na Área 03 de Xingó, baixo vale do rio São Francisco, Brasil. Assim, apresentaremos os dados obtidos da pesquisa empírica da organização tecnológica de conjuntos líticos e como foi possível, por meio desses resultados, inferir sobre questões acerca da distribuição espacial dos sítios arqueológicos e suas possíveis inter-relações de forma a indicar um modelo de uso da paisagem à compreensão do sistema regional de assentamento em terraços do baixo vale do rio São Francisco. ESPAÑOL: Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar parte de los resultados de mi tesis de doctorado sobre la dinámica cultural evidenciada en dieciséis sitios arqueológicos ubicados en el Área 03 de Xingó, bajo valle del río São Francisco, Brasil. Por lo tanto, se presentarán los datos obtenidos de la investigación empírica de la organización tecnológica de conjuntos líticos para inferir, por medio de esos resultados, aspectos sobre la distribución espacial de los sitios arqueológicos y sus posibles interrelaciones, buscando generar un modelo de uso del paisaje para la comprensión del sistema regional de asentamiento en bancales del bajo valle del río São Francisco. ENGLISH: This paper presents part of the results of my doctoral thesis on the cultural dynamics of sixteen archaeological sites situated in Area 03 in Xingó, São Francisco river valley, Brazil. Empirical data are presented that demonstrate the technological organization of the lithic industries at the sites. Then, through these data, it is shown what we can infer about the archaeological sites’ spatial distribution and interrelationship. These inferences are used to indicate a model of landscape use that can be used to understand the regional system of distribution and placement of

Características produtivas de genótipos de cebola no Vale do São Francisco Yield characteristics of onion genotypes in the São Francisco River Valley

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Nivaldo D Costa

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de avaliar a produtividade de genótipos de cebola no Vale do São Francisco, foram conduzidos dois experimentos, de abril a agosto de 2003 e 2004, na Embrapa Semi-Árido, Petrolina-PE. Usou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com quinze genótipos e quatro repetições e quatorze genótipos e três repetições, respectivamente em 2003 e 2004. Em 2003, a produtividade total de bulbos variou de 29,5 a 59,6 t ha-1 e a comercial oscilou de 18,6 a 51,7 t ha-1. A massa fresca do bulbo variou de 104 a 186 g e os genótipos IPA-1 e Brisa apresentaram maior número de bulbos comerciais por parcela (113 bulbos. Em 2004, a produtividade total de bulbos variou de 30,4 a 58,4 t ha-1 e a comercial oscilou de 24,0 a 56,0 t ha-1. A massa fresca do bulbo variou de 86 a 160 g e os genótipos EX-07593000, Granex 429 apresentaram maior número de bulbos comerciais por parcela (126 e 124 bulbos, respectivamente. Pelos resultados, em função das características avaliadas, os genótipos EX-19013, EX-07595002, Encino, IPA-11, Brisa, TPC 91923, TPR 91970 e Ex-075593000, em 2003, e os genótipos EX-0759300, Granex-429, IPA-11, IPA-04 e Texas Grano 502, em 2004, foram os mais adaptados e com maior potencial para cultivo no Vale do São Francisco.Two field trials were carried out at Embrapa Semi-Árido, Petrolina, Brazil. The experiment was carried out from April to August of 2003 and 2004, in a randomized complete block design. In 2003, fifteen genotypes and four replications were used and in 2004, fourteen genotypes and three repetitions were used. In 2003, the total yield of bulbs varied from 29.5 to 59.6 t ha-1 and the commercial yield varied from 18.6 to 51.7 t ha-1. The fresh mass of bulbs varied from 104 to 186 g and the genotypes IPA-11and Brisa showed the highest number of commercial bulbs per plot (113 bulbs. In 2004, the total yield of bulbs varied from 30.4 to 58.4 t ha-1 and the commercial yield varied from 24.0 to 56.0 t ha-1

Improved Storm Monitoring and Prediction for the San Francisco Bay Area

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Cifelli, R.; Chandrasekar, V.; Anderson, M.; Davis, G.

2017-12-01

The Advanced Quantitative Precipitation Information (AQPI) System is a multi-faceted project to improve precipitation and hydrologic monitoring, prediction, and decision support for the San Francisco Bay Area. The Bay Area faces a multitude of threats from extreme events, including disrupted transportation from flooded roads and railroad lines, water management challenges related to storm water, river and reservoir management and storm-related damage demanding emergency response. The threats occur on spatial scales ranging from local communities to the entire region and time scales ranging from hours to days. These challenges will be exacerbated by future sea level rise, more extreme weather events and increased vulnerabilities. AQPI is a collaboration of federal, state and local governments with assistance from the research community. Led by NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory, in partnership with the Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, USGS, and Scripps, AQPI is a four-year effort funded in part by a grant from the California Department of Water Resource's Integrated Regional Water Management Program. The Sonoma County Water Agency is serving as the local sponsor of the project. Other local participants include the Santa Clara Valley Water District, San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, and the Bay Area Flood Protection Agencies Association. AQPI will provide both improved observing capabilities and a suite of numerical forecast models to produce accurate and timely information for benefit of flood management, emergency response, water quality, ecosystem services, water supply and transportation management for the Bay Area. The resulting information will support decision making to mitigate flood risks, secure water supplies, minimize water quality impacts to the Bay from combined sewer overflows, and have improved lead-time on coastal and Bay inundation from extreme storms like Atmospheric Rivers (ARs). The project is expected to

Density and elevational distribution of the San Francisco Peaks ragwort, Packera franciscana (Asteraceae), a threatened single-mountain endemic

Science.gov (United States)

James F. Fowler; Carolyn Hull Sieg

2011-01-01

Packera franciscana (Greene) W. A. Weber and A. Love is endemic to treeline and alpine habitats of the San Francisco Peaks, Arizona, USA and was listed as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act in 1983. Species abundance data are limited in scope, yet are critical for recovery of the species, especially in light of predictions of its future extinction...

Spatial and temporal variations of diurnal ichthyofauna on surf-zone of São Francisco do Itabapoana beaches, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

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Gomes Marcelo Paes

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Spatial and temporal variations of diurnal ichthyofauna and the environmental variables influences on its distribution were studied at the surf-zone of three beaches of São Francisco do Itabapoana, northern coast of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. From August/1999 to August/2000, three beach seine hauls were made monthly, and environmental variables were recorded. A total number of 4,562 fishes (74,155g were sampled at the three beaches, where estuarine-dependent species prevailed (44%, followed by marine (31%, estuarine (19% and freshwater species (3%. Species richness, number of individuals and wet weight were significantly higher at Gargaú, followed by Manguinhos and Barra do Itabapoana, respectively. Canonical Correspondence Analysis highlighted influences of the rivers flushing, salinity and plant abundance on the diurnal ichthyofauna distribution and dynamics of São Francisco do Itabapoana surf-zone.

Monitoring of water in soil in asparagus irrigated culture in Vale do Sao Francisco, Pernambuco, Brazil; Monitoracao da agua no solo em cultura irrigada de aspargo no Vale do Sao Francisco, Pernambuco

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Antonino, Antonio C. Dantas; Sampaio, Everardo V.S.B.; Dall` Ollio, Attilio; Bernardo, Ana L. Alves [Pernambuco Univ., Recife, PE (Brazil). Dept. de Energia Nuclear; Audry, Pierre [Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique d`Outre-Mer (ORSTOM), 75 - Paris (France). Departement Eaux Continentales

1996-08-01

For many years the brazilian government has inactivated the implantation of irrigated areas in the Sao Francisco valley, obtaining high productivity.After the most appropriated areas having been occupied, the irrigation of second choice soils, usually more shallower and more clay is been tried. In one of these areas, the productivity of asparagus is less than the expected. trying to improve productivity by optimization of irrigation, the movement of water on soil and plants is being monitored far the last year and a half. the main results are shown with emphasis on the raining season, the most problematic 5 figs.

Memoria y olvido de Francisco Amorós y de su modelo educativo gimnástico y moral. Memory and oblivion of Francisco Amoros and his educative model gymnastic and moral.

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Fernández Sirvent, Rafael

2007-01-01

Full Text Available ResumenEste artículo pretende ser un intento de síntesis de la memoria que, después de la muerte de Francisco Amorós y Ondeano (1848, quedó de su persona y, sobre todo, de su método de educación físico-moral, así como de la imagen que los numerosos seguidores y detractores de la concepción gimnástica "amorosiana" lograron forjar de un modo tan convincente que, en la mayor parte de sus puntos, se mantiene aún en la actualidad y sigue siendo propagada -presuponiéndo la válida- en algunos escritos recientes. Asimismo, se esbozan algunas de las principales vías de difusión de la gimnasia e ideas de Amorós en los dos países donde desarrolló y puso en práctica su peculiar sistema educativo: España y Francia.AbstractThis article pretends to be a summary from the memory after Francisco Amorós y Ondeano’s death (1848, himself and especially of his educative method physical and moral, as well as the image of his numerous followers and detractors of the “amorosian” gymnastic conception that achieved to build in a convincing way, in the most part of his aspects, at the moment it stands still and keeps being spread out –taking it as valid- in some recent documents. Therefore, it outlines some of the main ways of spreading gymnastics and Amorós ideas in both countries which he developed and put into practice his peculiar educative system: Spain and France.

The core of Francisco Suárez’s doctrine about resistance and tyrannicide

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Pablo Font Oporto

2013-12-01

Full Text Available This article tries to resume the exposition of Francisco Suárez about the problem of the resistance to the tyrant and its interpretation in the scientific doctrine. Suárez distinguishes betweentwo kinds of tyrants: the bad ruler and the usurper. The first only can be murdered in self-defense ofproper life or community; the second can be murdered by any person member of the community, on several conditions. Suárez is criticized because the only limits he establishes to political power are resistance and tyrannicide. However, these mean a democratic control really and physically possible inthe sociopolitical reality of his days.

Feasibility of High Energy Lasers for Interdiction Activities

Science.gov (United States)

2017-12-01

NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS FEASIBILITY OF HIGH ENERGY LASERS FOR INTERDICTION ACTIVITIES by Carlos Abel Javier Romero... ENERGY LASERS FOR INTERDICTION ACTIVITIES 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 6. AUTHOR(S) Carlos Abel Javier Romero Chero 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND...the people or cargo. High Energy Laser (HEL) weapons are an effective way to deliver energy precisely from a relative long range. This thesis studies

Chile: Civil-Military Relations and Democratic Consolidation

Science.gov (United States)

1998-12-01

Publishers, 1992), 41. 26 Javier Martinez and Alvaro Diaz , Chile The Great Transformation (Harrisonburg, Virginia: The Brookings Institution, 1996...the world economy, by means of technological advancements, makes it necessary to reduce 32 Javier Martinez and Alvaro Diaz , Chile the Great...disapproves the executive’s budget. There is no 60 Alicia Frohman, "Chile: External Actors and the Transition to Democracy," in Beyond Sovereignty

Literature Review of Unconsolidated Sediment in San Francisco Bay and Nearby Pacific Ocean Coast

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Barry R. Keller

2009-09-01

Full Text Available A review of the geologic literature regarding sedimentation in the San Francisco Bay estuarine system shows that the main part of the bay occupies a structural tectonic depression that developed in Pleistocene time. Eastern parts, including San Pablo Bay and Suisun Bay, have had sedimentation throughout late Mesozoic and Tertiary. Carquinez Strait and the Golden Gate may represent antecedent stream erosion. Sedimentation has included estuarine, alluvial, and eolian deposition. The ages of estuarine deposition includes the modern high sea level stand and earlier Pleistocene interglacial periods. Sediment sources can be generally divided into the Coast Ranges, particularly the Franciscan Complex, and “Sierran.” Much of the estuarine system is floored by very fine sediment, with local areas of sand floor. Near the Golden Gate, sediment size decreases in both directions away from the deep channel. Bedforms include sand waves (submarine dunes, flat beds, and rock and boulders. These are interpreted in terms of dominant transport directions. Near the Golden Gate is an ebb-tidal delta on the outside (including San Francisco bar and a flood-tidal delta on the inside (parts of Central Bay. The large tidal prism causes strong tidal currents, which in the upper part of the estuary are normally much stronger than river currents, except during large floods. Cultural influences have altered conditions, including hydraulic mining debris, blasting of rocks, dredging of navigation channels, filling of the bay, and commercial sand mining. Many of these have served to decrease the tidal prism, correspondingly decreasing the strength of tidal currents.

Records of contaminant input to San Francisco Bay

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Geen, A. van; Luoma, S.N.; Hornberger, M.; Fuller, C.; Pereira, W.; Hostettler, F.; Kvenvolden, K.; Anima, R.; Ritson, P.; Flegal, A.R.

1994-01-01

San Francisco Bay, one of the few large estuaries on the West Coast of North America, was subjected to great change as mining, agriculture, industrialization and urbanization accelerated after 1849, and river flows were diverted for agriculture. Trends in contamination were evident in sediment cores analyzed from seven sites. Sedimentation rates increased with human activities. Industrialization was a greater source of contamination than mining. Nearest the mouth of the estuary, concentrations of Hg, Cu, Zn, Pb and PAH began to increase around 1900. Isotopes of Pb indicated sediments were affected by a mixture of atmospheric, industrial and erosional inputs. Peaks in some contaminants were evident since the 1950s, notably Ag, Cd in water (as recorded in foraminifers tests), and DDT. Chromium and vanadium were naturally enriched throughout the cores. Declines in metal concentrations in surface sediments were not evident. Vertical mixing could delay response of sediments to changed metal inputs. Nearer the head of the estuary, contaminant concentrations, TOC and indicators of terrigenous carbon increased sharply where 137 Cs and 239,240 Pu was present (presumably post-1950). Diversion of river flows may have affected accumulation of sediments contaminated by post-war industrialization and acceleration of agricultural development

Los diálogos lucianescos de Francisco Sobrino

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Nieves Arribas

2010-12-01

Full Text Available En 1708, el impresor François Foppens publica en Bruselas los Dialogues Nouveaux [...] de Francisco Sobrino, un oficial reformado y maestro de Corte que plagia, incrementándola, la colección de César Oudin (Dialogos muy apazibles [...] Marc Orry, 1608, quien a su vez había hecho lo propio con los siete de John Minsheu (Pleasant and Delightfull Dialogues, Londres, 1599 en una de la líneas editoriales más importantes, paralela a la de otras constelaciones (como la inaugurada por Noel de Berlaimont de la riquísima tradición paneuropea de coloquios didácticos creados para dar muestras de conversacionalidad a quienes desearan aprender segundas lenguas. De los seis diálogos originales de Sobrino, cuatro son fantasiosos y de éstos, hay tres lucianescos en el sentido de que usan la ‘estrategia de Luciano’ pues sus interlocutores son personajes muertos (Mahoma, Colón, Moctezuma, etc.. Será trazado aquí un análisis de las características de los mismos, con especial atención a los componentes didácticos e ideológicos.

São Francisco e os caminhos da pedra

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Antonio José Faria Góis

2012-06-01

Full Text Available A utilização da pedra, no período colonial, limitou-se bastante, em termos locais, à alvenaria e à cantaria, mas também ocorreu seu emprego como material, delimitado, em geral, às obras escultóricas complementares da arquitetura. Uma valorização e ampliação desse limite verificou-se com o lioz, assim como, mais especificamente, em Salvador, com o acréscimo de outros tipos de pedra, igualmente lusitanos e participantes da decoração ambiental. Essa contribuição tem, no conjunto conventual de São Francisco, uma interessante variedade de exemplos, por nós abordada no presente artigo, sendo nosso objetivo indicar dados mais específicos para o exame de um percurso histórico. Partindo do ambiente europeu – não circunscrito à metrópole portuguesa, mas a essa interligado –, tal percurso se reveste do caráter universal que honrosamente nos inclui, dando-nos a oportunidade de avaliar a dimensão cultural e a tradição técnica de obras que enriquecem nosso acervo.

Muusikamaailm : Brüsseli La Monnaie ئ 300. Uusooper San Franciscos. Sibeliuse nädal esiettekannetega. Cesare Valletti surnud / Priit Kuusk

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kuusk, Priit, 1938-

2000-01-01

Brüsseli teater Theatre Royal de la Monnaie sai linnalt 300. juubeli kingituseks lisaruume, hooaja ooperiesiettekannetest teatris. J. Heggie ooperi "Dead man walking" maailmaesiettekandest San Francisco Ooperis. 30.sept.-8. okt. toimunud Sibeliuse nädalast Järvenpää-talos. Lühidalt C. Vallettist

Final report for sea-level rise response modeling for San Francisco Bay estuary tidal marshes

Science.gov (United States)

Takekawa, John Y.; Thorne, Karen M.; Buffington, Kevin J.; Spragens, Kyle A.; Swanson, Kathleen M.; Drexler, Judith Z.; Schoellhamer, David H.; Overton, Cory T.; Casazza, Michael L.

2013-01-01

The International Panel on Climate Change has identified coastal ecosystems as areas that will be disproportionally affected by climate change. Current sea-level rise projections range widely with 0.57 to 1.9 meters increase in mea sea level by 2100. The expected accelerated rate of sea-level rise through the 21st century will put many coastal ecosystems at risk, especially those in topographically low-gradient areas. We assessed marsh accretion and plant community state changes through 2100 at 12 tidal salt marshes around San Francisco Bay estuary with a sea-level rise response model. Detailed ground elevation, vegetation, and water level data were collected at all sites between 2008 and 2011 and used as model inputs. Sediment cores (taken by Callaway and others, 2012) at four sites around San Francisco Bay estuary were used to estimate accretion rates. A modification of the Callaway and others (1996) model, the Wetland Accretion Rate Model for Ecosystem Resilience (WARMER), was utilized to run sea-level rise response models for all sites. With a mean sea level rise of 1.24 m by 2100, WARMER projected that the vast majority, 95.8 percent (1,942 hectares), of marsh area in our study will lose marsh plant communities by 2100 and to transition to a relative elevation range consistent with mudflat habitat. Three marshes were projected to maintain marsh vegetation to 2100, but they only composed 4.2 percent (85 hectares) of the total marsh area surveyed.

Diversidade genética de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell. Morong. no Baixo Rio São Francisco, por meio de marcadores RAPD Genetic diversity of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell. Morong. in the low San Francisco river by RAPD markers

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Georgea da Cruz Santana

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Enterolobium contortisiliquum Vell. Morong (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae é uma espécie muito utilizada em programas de recuperação de matas ciliares no Baixo Rio São Francisco, devido ao seu rápido crescimento inicial. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, por meio de marcadores moleculares RAPD, a diversidade genética de oito indivíduos de uma população remanescente dessa espécie, visando contribuir para a definição de estratégias de coleta de sementes. Os indivíduos estão situados em uma área de 100 ha de mata ciliar do Baixo Rio São Francisco. Para a extração do DNA, pelo método CTAB 2%, foram utilizadas folhas tenras dos indivíduos. Testaram-se 20 oligonucleotídios de 10 bases de seqüência arbitrária, cujos produtos foram separados em gel de agarose 0,8%, submetidos à eletroforese horizontal, corados com brometo-de-etídio e visualizados em luz ultravioleta. A similaridade genética entre os indivíduos foi calculada pelo Coeficiente de Similaridade de Jaccard e a construção do dendrograma, realizada utilizando-se o método UPGMA. O valor médio de diversidade genética entre as matrizes foi de 49%, variando de 33 a 85%. Os indivíduos 6 e 7 apresentaram relativa proximidade genética (67%, não sendo indicado o plantio de suas mudas ou semeadura direta para recuperação de área ciliar em locais muito próximos. A partir dos resultados observados, podem-se desenvolver estratégias para a coleta de sementes e produção de mudas, auxiliando, assim, programas de restauração ambiental.Enterolobium contortisiliquum Vell. Morong (Leguminosae-Mimosoideae is very much used in riparian forest restoration programs in the Low San Francisco River because of its fast initial growth. The objective of this work was to evaluate by RAPD molecular markers the genetic diversity of eight individuals of a remaining population of this species, in order to contribute for the definition of strategies for seed production. The

Spatial distribution and interaction of four species of the catfish genus Hypostomus Lacépède with bottom of Rio São Francisco, Canindé do São Francisco, Sergipe, Brazil (Pisces, Loricariidae, Hypostominae

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J. C. Garavello

Full Text Available The large catfishes, genus Hypostomus Lacépède, are common species in almost all freshwater environments of South America. The behavior of specimens from the species Hypostomus alatus, Hypostomus francisci, Hypostomus cf. wuchereri, and Hypostomus sp., from the region downstream from the Xingó Hydroelectric Power Dam, located in Canindé do São Francisco on the Rio São Francisco, were observed. Morphological characters collected from preserved specimens were also studied in the laboratory, in order to shed light on interactions between those fishes and the river bottom. In addition, the formulation of Gatz (1979 was applied to better explain the environmental interactions of Hypostomus species. This study revealed that the fishes utilize their suckers, through a mouth equipped with an oral disk, as well as the pectoral, pelvic, and caudal fins areas, to interact with the rocky river-bottom. The comb-toothed inferior mouth of the Hypostomus showed itself able to grasp green algae on the river bottom. With the help of the oral disk and sucker mouth, which anchor the fishes, in conjunction with the arched design of pectoral and pelvic fin spines, they are also able to remain upright while exploring this substratum. In addition, their large, concave caudal-fin is associated with fast locomotion over short distances. This combination of characteristics allow these fish to live on the bottom of large South American rivers.

University of California San Francisco (UCSF-2): Expression Analysis of Superior Cervical Ganglion from Backcrossed TH-MYCN Transgenic Mice | Office of Cancer Genomics

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The CTD2 Center at University of California San Francisco (UCSF-2) used genetic analysis of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system to identify potential therapeutic targets in neuroblastoma. Read the abstract Experimental Approaches Read the detailed Experimental Approaches

Francisco Mejía: el testimonio de una sociedad que se complace

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Carlos José Restrepo

1986-10-01

Full Text Available Hace unos dos años la familia Mejía donó al Faes (Fundación Antioqueña para los Estudios Sociales parte de los archivos fotográficos de Francisco Mejía (1899-1979, concretamente lo que podríamos llamar su archivo comercial en contraposición al de sus retratos de gabinete. Compuesto por unos siete mil negativos de diferentes materiales (vidrio, nitrato y acetato de celulosa, su calidad y variedad fueron motivo para que el Banco de la República resolviera apoyar el trabajo de identificación, procesamiento y preservación, labor llevada a cabo por el Centro de Memoria Visual de Medellín, que forma parte del Faes.

Praecipio firmiter, Francisco de Asís en Tommaso da Celano: ¿dureza o ductilidad?

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Paula Castillo

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo se propone indagar sobre la construcción del personaje “Francisco” que hace Tommaso da Celano en relación a la posible –o no – dureza del fraile a la hora de imponer castigos. Por otro lado, nos proponemos analizar cuáles son aquellas situaciones conflictivas en las cuales Francisco, a la luz de su biógrafo, considera ameritada una punición. Por fin, se pretende examinar el rol del castigo/amonestación en el marco de las hagio-biografías.

Crop water parameters of irrigated wine and table grapes to support water productivity analysis in the Sao Francisco river basin, Brazil

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Castro Teixeira, de A.H.; Bastiaanssen, W.G.M.; Bassoi, L.H.

2007-01-01

Energy and water balance parameters were measured in two commercial vineyards in the semiarid region of the São Francisco river basin, Brazil. Actual evapotranspiration (ET) was acquired with the Bowen ratio surface energy balance method. The ratio of the latent heat flux to the available energy, or

El liderazgo político en la era digital: un análisis de uso de Twitter por el Papa Francisco (@Pontifex

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Clara De Uribe Salazar

2016-10-01

Full Text Available El uso de las redes sociales por personalidades y celebridades es un creciente interés para la ciencia. En este artículo se discute el uso de Twitter que hace que el Papa Francisco, elegido como Sumo Pontífice de la Iglesia Católica en 2013. El uso de una metodología de medición cualitativa y cuantitativa ad hoc se contaron y se analizaron los tweets publicados entre marzo de 2013 y abril de 2016 (1132 días. Hay un cambio en el estilo de comunicación del Papa en Twitter, ya que utiliza más frases cortas y directas siguiendo un estilo más innovador de liderazgo social y político, tratando de identificarse con sus seguidores. Political leadership in the digital age: an analysis of the use of Twitter by Pope Francisco (@Pontifex Abstract  The use of social networks by personalities and celebrities is an area of growing interest in science. This article discusses the use of Twitter by Pope Francisco, chosen as supreme pontiff of the Catholic Church in 2013. Using an ad hoc qualitative and quantitative measurement method, the tweets published between March 2013 and April 2016 (1132 days were counted and analysed. There has been a change in the communication style of the Pope on Twitter. Shorter and more direct sentences are used, following a more innovative style of social and political leadership, in which the Pope tries to empathize with his followers. Keywords: social network, Twitter, communication, leadership, politics, religion

Edificio para ambulatorio San Francisco – (EE. UU.

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Reid, John Lyon

1976-12-01

Full Text Available The 50,470 m2 the total area of the hospital is distributed as follows: 18,900 m2 for the 22 main clinics and for the additional clinics; 2,770 m2 for complementary activities; and the remaining 28,800 m2 for a parking lot with space for 700 cars. The building occupies a site that slopes strongly towards the north across which runs the pedestrian access from one of the circumference roads to the main façade; the access road for the vehicles leads to the back facade, where the natural slope of the ground has been taken advantage of to build the 5 storey parking building. The two main functions —the clinics and the parking house— are conveniently separated though connected with each other by means of corridors and lifts. The interior design of the clinics is very flexible so as to allow for further enlargements. The patients' waiting rooms are provided with a glazed façade and have a beautiful view over the San Francisco Bay and its surroundings. The construction is entirely of concrete and its structure is calculated ín such a manner as to allow for two additional storeys.Cuenta con una superficie total construida de 50.470 m2, repartidos de la siguiente forma: 18.900 se destinan a la distribución de 22 clínicas principales y otras secundarias; 2.770 a locales de actividades complementarias; y el resto, 28.800 m2, a aparcamiento con capacidad para 700 plazas. El edificio ocupa una parcela fuertemente inclinada hacia el norte, inclinación que permite el acceso peatonal a la clínica, por la fachada principal, desde una de las avenidas perimetrales; y el vehicular, por la fachada posterior, en donde, aprovechando el desnivel del terreno, se han organizado las cinco plantas del aparcamiento. Las dos funciones principales —clínicas y aparcamiento— se hallan convenientemente separadas, estableciéndose el enlace entre los distintos niveles mediante ascensores que relacionan las clínicas, el centro médico, los aparcamientos

Survey of potential sharpshooter and spittlebug vectors of Xylella fastidiosa to grapevines at the São Francisco River Valley, Brazil

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Rudiney Ringenberg

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Survey of potential sharpshooter and spittlebug vectors of Xylella fastidiosa to grapevines at the São Francisco River Valley, Brazil. Pierce's disease of grapevines, caused by Xylella fastidiosa, is a serious problem in some regions of North America, not yet reported in Brazil. In this study, a survey of potential sharpshooter (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Cicadellinae and spittlebug (Hemiptera, Cercopidae vectors of X. fastidiosa was conducted in vineyards at the São Francisco River Valley, a major grape growing region in Brazil. Four vineyards of Vitis vinifera L. were sampled fortnightly from June/2005 to June/2007, using yellow sticky cards, each placed at two different heights (45 cm aboveground and 45 cm above the crop canopy in 10 sampling localities. A total of 4,095 specimens of sharpshooters were collected, nearly all from 3 Proconiini species, Homalodisca spottii Takiya, Cavichioli & McKamey, 2006 (96.8% of the specimens, Tapajosa fulvopunctata (Signoret, 1854 (3.1%, and Tretogonia cribrata Melichar, 1926 (1 specimen. Hortensia similis (Walker, 1851 (2 specimens was the only Cicadellini species. Only 1 cercopid specimen, belonging to Aeneolamia colon (Germar, 1821, was trapped. Even though they are not considered potential Xylella vectors, 2 Gyponini leafhoppers were collected: Curtara samera DeLong & Freytag, 1972 (11 specimens and Curtara inflata DeLong & Freytag, 1976 (1 specimen. Homalodisca spottii was observed feeding and mating on green branches of grapevines, in addition to egg masses. Because of its prevalence on the crop canopy, occurrence throughout the year (with peaks from February to August, and ability to colonize grapevines, H. spottii could be an important vector if a X. fastidiosa strain pathogenic to grapevines becomes introduced at the São Francisco River Valley.

Optimal management of cancer anorexia–cachexia syndrome

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Josep M Argilés

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Josep M Argilés, Mireia Olivan, Sílvia Busquets, Francisco Javier López-SorianoDepartament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainAbstract: According to a recent consensus, cachexia is a complex metabolic syndrome associated with underlying illness and characterized by loss of muscle with or without loss of fat mass. The prominent clinical feature of cachexia is weight loss. Cachexia occurs in the majority of cancer patients before death and it is responsible for the deaths of 22% of cancer patients. Although bodyweight is the most important endpoint of any cachexia treatment, body composition, physical performance and quality of life should be monitored. From the results presented here, one can speculate that a single therapy may not be completely successful in the treatment of cachexia. From this point of view, treatments involving different combinations are more likely to be successful. The objectives of any therapeutic combination are two-fold: an anticatabolic aim directed towards both fat and muscle catabolism and an anabolic objective leading to the synthesis of macromolecules such as contractile proteins.Keywords: wasting, cancer, anorexia, nutraceuticals, drugs

Pedro de Valencia, Francisco de Gurmendi and the Plomos de Granada

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Magnier, Grace

2003-12-01

Full Text Available The Inquisition in 1618 seized all the papers of Pedro de Valencia, renowned humanist, biblical scholar and chronicler of Philip III. The papers of other members of his circle were also confiscated. In this article I examine the two most important texts: Sobre el pergamino y láminas de Granada of Valencia and a Libelo Segundo of Francisco de Gurmendi, interpreter of Oriental languages for Philip III. The article is structured around Gurmendi's response to a memorial published in 1617 by Archbishop Pedro de Castro in defence of one of his translators. Gurmendi, working from his translation of the first two Lead Books, shows how these contain heretical ideas on the Trinity and how the memorialista has mistranslated many passages.

En 1618 la Inquisición confiscó todos los papeles de Pedro de Valencia, humanista insigne, exegeta bíblico y cronista del reino y de las Indias de Felipe III. También confiscó los papeles de otros miembros de su círculo. En este artículo examino los dos textos más importantes: Sobre el pergamino y láminas de Granada de Valencia y un Libelo segundo de Francisco de Gurmendi, intérprete en lenguas orientales del rey. El artículo se centra en la respuesta de Gurmendi a un memorial del Arzobispo Pedro de Castro en el que se defiende a uno de sus traductores. Partiendo de su traducción de los dos primeros libros plúmbeos, Gurmendi muestra las herejías trinitarias que éstos contienen y cómo el memorialista ha traducido mal muchos pasajes.

The Female/Male Salary Differential in Public Schools: Some Lessons from San Francisco, 1879. Program Report No. 79-B7.

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Strober, Myra H.; Best, Laura

This paper develops a theory of sex differences in the earnings of school personnel, with emphasis on the role of labor market segmentation. Several aspects of the theory are then tested using data for the San Francisco school system in 1879. Section 1 develops a theory of sex differences in the earnings of school personnel. Section 2 discusses…

Ferroelectric Thin Films III, Symposium Held in San Francisco, California on April 13 - 16, 1993. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Volume 310

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1993-04-16

Publication Data Ferroelectric thin films III : symposium held April 13-16, 1993, San Francisco,California, U.S.A. / editors, Bruce A. Turtle , Edwlrd R...All solutions were placed in a modified Collison Nebulizer which generated the droplets in an oxygen carrier gas. The droplets were transported into

Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Autos sacramentales - Francisco de Quevedo, Prosa satírica

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Fernando Plata

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Reviews of Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Autos sacramentales. El divino Jasón. El gran mercado del Mundo. El gran teatro del Mundo. La viña del Señor, ed. I. Arellano, Homo Legens (Bibliotheca Homolegens, 50, Madrid, 2010, 406 pp. ISBN: 978-84-92518-54-8 y Francisco de Quevedo, Prosa satírica, ed. I. Arellano, Homo Legens (Bibliotheca Homolegens, 58, Madrid, 2011, 206 pp. ISBN: 978-84-92518-69-2.

La niña-mujer en el huerto narrativo de Francisco Umbral y Mario Vargas Llosa

OpenAIRE

Godoy Cossío, Ana

2017-01-01

El artículo aborda la preeminencia de la niña-mujer como uno de los arquetipos femeninos predominantes en las narrativas de Francisco Umbral y Mario Vargas Llosa. Desde la perspectiva espacio-temporal, el estudio proyecta el doble microcosmos ficcional/no ficcional de la infancia/niñez, en cuyas etapas imperan los episodios obsesivos como marcas indelebles de la memoria individual y colectiva, restauradas por el narrador/protagonista/testigo. En sus textos, las niñas son el núcleo del paraíso...

Una Aparición de la Virgen con el Niño a san Felipe Neri de Francisco Ignacio Ruiz de la Iglesia: atribución y contexto iconográfico

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Gutiérrez Pastor, Ismael

2013-06-01

Full Text Available The author studies a painting of the Apparition of the Virgin and Child with St. Philip Neri, attributing it to the painter Francisco Ignacio Ruiz de la Iglesia and analyzing its iconography in the context of Baroque painting in Madrid.Se estudia una pintura de la Aparición de la Virgen con el Niño a San Felipe Neri, se atribuye al pintor Francisco Ignacio Ruiz de la Iglesia y se analiza su iconografía en el contexto de la pintura madrileña del Barroco.

Creep and drying shrinkage of high performance concrete for the skyway structures of the new San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge and cement paste

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2011-03-01

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of admixtures on long term drying shrinkage and creep of high : strength concrete (HSC). Creep and shrinkage of the mix utilized in segments of the Skyway Structure of the San : Francisco-Oak...

Structure and flow-induced variability of the subtidal salinity field in northern San Francisco Bay

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Monismith, Stephen G.; Kimmerer, W.; Burau, J.R.; Stacey, M.T.

2002-01-01

The structure of the salinity field in northern San Francisco Bay and how it is affected by freshwater flow are discussed. Two datasets are examined: the first is 23 years of daily salinity data taken by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation along the axis of northern San Francisco Bay: the second is a set of salinity transects taken by the U.S. Geological Survey between 1988 and 1993. Central to this paper is a measure of salinity intrusion. X2: the distance from the Golden Gate Bridge to where the bottom salinity is 2 psu. Using X2 to scale distance, the authors find that for most flow conditions, the mean salinity distribution of the estuary is nearly self-similar with a salinity gradient in the center 70% of the region between the Golden Gate and X2 that is proportional to X2-1. Analysis of covariability of Q and X2 showed a characteristics timescale of adjustment of the salinity field of approximately 2 weeks. The steady-state response deduced from the X2 time series implies that X2 is proportional to riverflow to the 1/7 power. This relation, which differs from the standard 1/3 power dependence that is derived theoretically assuming constant exchange coefficients, shows that the upstream salt flux associated with gravitational circulation is more sensitive to the longitudinal salinity gradient than theory supposes. This is attributed to the strengthening of stratification caused by the stronger longitudinal salinity gradient that accompanies larger river flows.

Seismic velocities and geologic logs from boreholes at three downhole arrays in San Francisco, California

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Gibbs, James F.; Fumal, Thomas E.; Borcherdt, Roger D.; Warrick, Richard E.; Liu, Hsi-Ping; Westerlund, Robert E.

1994-01-01

The Loma Prieta earthquake of October 17, 1989 (1704 PST), has reinforced observations made by Wood and others (1908) after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, that poor ground conditions (soft soil) increase the likelihood of shaking damage to structures. Since 1908 many studies (for example Borcherdt, 1970, Borcherdt and Gibbs, 1976, Borcherdt and Glassmoyer, 1992) have shown that soft soils amplify seismic waves at frequencies that can be damaging to structures. Damage in the City of San Francisco from the Loma Prieta earthquake was concentrated in the Marina District, the Embarcadero, and the China Basin areas. Each of these areas, to some degree, is underlain by soft soil deposits. These concentrations of damage raise important questions regarding the amplification effects of such deposits at damaging levels of motion. Unfortunately, no strong-motion recordings were obtained in these areas during the Loma Prieta earthquake and only a limited number (< 10) have been obtained on other soft soil sites in the United States. Consequently, important questions exist regarding the response of such deposits during damaging earthquakes, especially questions regarding the nonlinear soil response. Towards developing a data set to address these important questions, borehole strong-motion arrays have been installed at three locations. These arrays consist of groups of wide-dynamic-range pore-pressure transducers and three-component accelerometers, the outputs of which are recorded digitally. The arrays are designed to provide an integrated set of data on ground shaking, liquifaction-induced ground failure, and structural response. This report describes the detailed geologic, seismic, and material-property determinations derived at each of these sites.

Achieving Health Equity Through Community Engagement in Translating Evidence to Policy: The San Francisco Health Improvement Partnership, 2010?2016

OpenAIRE

Grumbach, Kevin; Vargas, Roberto A.; Fleisher, Paula; Arag?n, Tom?s J.; Chung, Lisa; Chawla, Colleen; Yant, Abbie; Garcia, Estela R.; Santiago, Amor; Lang, Perry L.; Jones, Paula; Liu, Wylie; Schmidt, Laura A.

2017-01-01

Background The San Francisco Health Improvement Partnership (SFHIP) promotes health equity by using a novel collective impact model that blends community engagement with evidence-to-policy translational science. The model involves diverse stakeholders, including ethnic-based community health equity coalitions, the local public health department, hospitals and health systems, a health sciences university, a school district, the faith community, and others sectors. Community Context We report o...

La música sacra instrumental de órgano y el gregoriano: Francisco Correa de Arauxo (1584-1654 y la Salve Regina Solemne

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Ramón de la Campa Carmona

2017-12-01

Full Text Available This study approaches on the music introduction and the organ compositions in the catholic cult in the Counter Reformation Age, described by means of one of the more important Spanish musicians in the Baroque time, Francisco Correa de Arauxo, through the analysis of his Salve Regina.

Pesticides residues in the Prochilodus costatus (Valenciennes, 1850) fish caught in the São Francisco River, Brazil.

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Oliveira, Fabiano A; Reis, Lilian P G; Soto-Blanco, Benito; Melo, Marília M

2015-01-01

The objective of this study was to determine the levels of pesticides in the fish Prochilodus costatus caught in São Francisco River, one of most important rivers in Brazil. Thirty-six fish were captured in three different areas, and samples of the dorsal muscle and pooled viscera were collected for toxicological analysis. We evaluated the presence of 150 different classes of insecticides, fungicides, herbicides and acaricides by multiresidue analysis technique using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), with the limit of detection of 5 ppb. In this study, organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides were detected at the highest levels in the caught fish. Among the 41 organophosphorus pesticides surveyed, nine types were detected (chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dichlorvos, disulfoton, ethion, etrimfos, phosalone, phosmet and pyrazophos) in the muscle, viscera pool, or both in 22 (61.1%) fish. Sampled tissues of 20 (55.6%) fish exhibited at least one of the eight evaluated carbamate pesticides and their metabolites: aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, furathiocarb, methomyl and propoxur. Fungicides (carbendazim, benalaxyl, kresoxim-methyl, trifloxystrobin, pyraclostrobin and its metabolite BF 500 pyraclostrobin), herbicides (pyridate and fluasifop p-butyl), acaricide (propargite) and pyrethroid (flumethrin) were also detected. In conclusion, P. costatus fish caught in the São Francisco River contained residues of 17 different pesticides, in both muscles and the viscera pool, indicating heavy environmental contamination by pesticides in the study area.

Spatial and temporal trends of contaminants in eggs of wading birds from San Francisco Bay, California

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Hothem, R.L.; Roster, D.L.; King, K.A.; Keldsen, T.J.; Marois, Katherine C.; Wainwright, S.E.

1995-01-01

Between 1989 and 1991, reproduction by black-crowned night-herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) and snowy egrets (Egretta thula) was studied at sites in San Francisco Bay. Eggs were collected from these and other bay sites and from South Wilbur Flood Area, a reference site in California's San Joaquin Valley. Eggs were analyzed for inorganic trace elements, organochlorine pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Results were compared among sites and years and with results of previous studies. There was some evidence of impaired reproduction, but concentrations of contaminants were generally lower than threshold levels for such effects. Egg hatchability was generally good, with predation being the factor that most limited reproductive success. Mean PCB concentrations were generally higher in eggs from the south end of San Francisco Bay than from the north, but the only temporal change, an increase, was observed at Alcatraz Island. There were spatial differences for p,p'-DDE in night-heron eggs in 1990, but the highest mean concentration of DDE was in night-heron eggs from South Wilbur in 1991. Temporal declines in maximum concentrations of DDE in eggs were observed in the bay, but means did not change significantly over time, At Bair Island in the southern end of the bay, mean concentrations of mercury decreased while selenium increased in night-heron eggs over time, but there were no clear bay-wide spatial or temporal trends for either element.

Microphytobenthic potential productivity estimated in three tidal embayments of the San Francisco Bay: A comparative study

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Guarini, J.-M.; Cloern, James E.; Edmunds, J.

2002-01-01

In this paper we describe a three-step procedure to infer the spatial heterogeneity in microphytobenthos primary productivity at the scale of tidal estuaries and embayments. The first step involves local measurement of the carbon assimilation rate of benthic microalgae to determine the parameters of the photosynthesis-irradiance (P-E) curves (using non-linear optimization methods). In the next step, a resampling technique is used to rebuild pseudo-sampling distributions of the local productivity estimates; these provide error estimates for determining the significance level of differences between sites. The third step combines the previous results with deterministic models of tidal elevation and solar irradiance to compute mean and variance of the daily areal primary productivity over an entire intertidal mudflat area within each embayment. This scheme was applied on three different intertidal mudflat regions of the San Francisco Bay estuary during autumn 1998. Microphytobenthos productivity exhibits strong (ca. 3-fold) significant differences among the major sub-basins of San Francisco Bay. This spatial heterogeneity is attributed to two main causes: significant differences in the photosynthetic competence (P-E parameters) of the microphytobenthos in the different sub-basins, and spatial differences in the phase shifts between the tidal and solar cycles controlling the exposure of intertidal areas to sunlight. The procedure is general and can be used in other estuaries to assess the magnitude and patterns of spatial variability of microphytobenthos productivity at the level of the ecosystems.

Análise da estrutura e da diversidade de uma vegetação ciliar do rio São Francisco, Petrolina–PE. Structure and diversity analysis of a São Francisco river banks vegetation, Petrolina–PE.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Silvana Cristina Pereira Muniz de SOUZA

2010-06-01

Full Text Available No pólo agrícola Petrolina–PE/Juazeiro–BA é grande a devastação das matas ciliares do rio São Francisco, devido à expansão da agricultura irrigada. Levantamentos fitossociológicos podem subsidiar a adoção de práticas de manejo e a recuperação dos remanescentes florestais com o objetivo de avaliar o quanto permaneceu de estrutura e diversidade nessas matas. Foi realizado um levantamento fitossociológico numa vegetação ciliar do rio São Francisco perturbada, no Projeto de Irrigação Bebedouro, emPetrolina–PE. Foraminstalados ao longo damargemdo rio cinco transectos, perpendiculares ao leito, compostos de sete parcelas, com exceção de um transecto com três parcelas, de 8 m x 25 m (200 m², num total de 27 parcelas ou 0,54 ha. Foram levantados indivíduos adultos e regenerantes. Foram encontrados 853 indivíduos de 32 espécies. A família mais rica foi Fabaceae e o gênero mais rico foi Mimosa. A densidade foi de 1.376 ind.ha , onde a maior contribuição foi dos regenerantes. A espécie com maior valor de importância (VI foi Poepiggia procera seguida por Inga Vera. O estrato adulto apresentou maior diversidade doque o estrato regenerante.Oambiente topográfico Margem foi o que teve a maior diversidade e estrutura mais próxima do esperado para uma vegetação conservada. Apesar de perturbada, a vegetação estudada apresenta valores de riqueza e diversidade compatíveis com áreas mais preservadas. Concluiu-se que, a despeito da perturbação, a vegetação ciliar ainda detémum grandepotencialde autorrecuperaçãoe ainda cumpreoseupapeldedetentorade altadiversidade.On the Petrolina–PE/Juazeiro–BA agricultural pole the São Francisco river banks destruction have been large, due to the expansion of irrigated agriculture. Phytosociological survey can produce information for management and restoration action leading to studies that aim to evaluate how much of structure and diversity of forest remained. A

Competição de genótipos de goiabeira (Psidium guajava L. na região do submédio São Francisco Evaluation of guava genotypes in the submiddle of San Francisco Valley

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Luiz Gonzaga Neto

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Com objetivo de avaliar e selecionar genótipos de goiabeira que possam incrementar o sistema de produção da cultura na região do Submédio São Francisco foi desenvolvido na Estação Experimental de Bebedouro, base física da Embrapa Semi-Árido, em Petrolina-PE, um experimento em blocos ao acaso com cinco tratamentos (Paluma, Red Fleshed, Surubim, Red Selection of Florida e Ruby Supreme e cinco repetições. Considerando os resultados obtidos relativos a primeira e segunda poda de frutificação e análise conjunta dos dois anos de produção, observou-se que a variedade Surubim apresentou tendência de maior produção e maior número de frutos, entre os genótipos estudados.The objective of this study was to discriminate and select guava genotypes to improve the crop production system in the Submiddle of San Francisco Valley. An experiment was carried out at the Bebedouro Experimental Sation that belongs to Embrapa Semiarid in Petrolina, State of Pernambuco, with five genotypes of guava: Paluma, Red Fleshed, Surubim, Red Selection of Florida and Ruby Supreme. A randomized block design was used as statistical model with five treataments, and five repetitions. The results, related to the first and the second fruit set prunings and two year of combined analyses for fruit yield, indicated that Surubim variety tended to higher yield and greater number of fruits among the five genotypes tested.

Conflitos socioambientais no extrativismo da aroeira (Schinus terebebinthifolius Raddi), Baixo São Francisco - Sergipe/Alagoas

OpenAIRE

Jesus, Nádia Batista de; Gomes, Laura Jane

2012-01-01

Esta pesquisa analisou os conflitos socioambientais envolvidos no extrativismo da aroeira no Baixo São Francisco, Sergipe e Alagoas. A pesquisa aconteceu entre os anos de 2001 e 2011, por meio da realização de entrevistas com os atores envolvidos e pesquisa documental. As informações foram analisadas quanto à conduta diante do extrativismo e tipificação dos conflitos. A ausência de normatização para o manejo da espécie é o fator central gerador do conflito que se dá pela apropriação e acesso ...

Avian response to early tidal salt marsh restoration at former commercial salt evaporation ponds in San Francisco Bay, California, USA

Science.gov (United States)

Athearn, Nicole D.; Takekawa, John Y.; Shinn, Joel

2009-01-01

Restoration of former commercial salt evaporation ponds in the San Francisco Bay estuary is intended to reverse a severe decline (>79%) in tidal salt marshes. San Francisco Bay is a critical migratory stopover site and wintering area for shorebirds and waterfowl, and salt ponds are important high tide roosting and foraging areas. Conservation of past bird abundance is a stated goal of area restoration projects, and early adaptive management will be critical for achieving this objective. However, initial avian response at sites restored to tidal flow may not be indicative of long-term results. For example, winter shorebirds at a 529 ha pond breached in 2002 showed a marked increase in shorebird abundance following breaching. Shorebirds comprised 1% of area totals during 1999-2002 and increased to 46% during 2003-2008. These changes accompanied increased tidal range and sedimentation, but minimal vegetation establishment. Conversely, a fully vegetated, restored 216 ha pond in the same system consistently supported less than 2% of all waterbirds in the region. Early restoration may temporarily increase habitat, but managed ponds will be needed for long-term waterbird abundance within a restored pond-marsh system.

Javier Solana: Euroopa peab tugevdama oma sõjalist võimsust / Javier Solana ; interv. Urmet Kook

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Solana, Javier

2005-01-01

Euroopa Liidu ühtse välispoliitika juht Euroopa Liitu ohustavatest teguritest, USA-Euroopa suhetest, NATO ning EL-i dubleerivast sõjalisest tegevusest, Prantsusmaa ja Hollandi Euroopa Liidu põhiseaduse referendumite hääletamise mõjust EL-i välis- ning julgeolekupoliitikale, Iraagi küsimusest, Ukraina ja Türgi võimalikust liitumisest Euroopa Liiduga, Eesti EL-i sõjalises tegevuses osalemise vajadusest

State of transition: Marijuana use among young adults in the San Francisco Bay Area.

Science.gov (United States)

Holmes, Louisa M; Popova, Lucy; Ling, Pamela M

2016-09-01

California may vote on marijuana legalization in 2016. Young adults have the highest rates of marijuana use, but little is known about the correlates of use in this age group, including factors that may be affected by policy change. We investigated whether there are differences in marijuana use by sociodemographic characteristics, psychological distress, loneliness and social support, controlling for risk factors such as alcohol and cigarette use as well as perceived harm of marijuana. Bivariate and multivariable analysis of past 30day marijuana use using the 2014 San Francisco Bay Area Young Adult Health Survey, a probabilistic multi-mode survey of (N=1324) young adults (aged 18-26years) residing in Alameda and San Francisco Counties, stratified by race/ethnicity. 291 (27%) sample participants reported current marijuana use. Compared to non-Hispanic Whites (referent) Asian/Pacific Islander respondents were less likely to use marijuana (AOR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.22-0.80) while multiracial participants were twice as likely (AOR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.06-4.85). Psychological distress was not related to marijuana use, but social support (AOR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.08-1.88) and loneliness (AOR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.09-1.86) were. Perceived harm of marijuana was inversely related to marijuana use (AOR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.51-0.70), while smoking cigarettes (AOR, 3.95; 95% CI, 2.28-6.84) and binge drinking (AOR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.03-1.24) were positively related. Legalization policies should include public education campaigns addressing potential harms of marijuana use particularly targeting multiracial young adults who also engage in other risk behaviors, such as cigarette smoking and binge drinking. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

O Enoturismo no Brasil: um estudo comparativo entre as regiões vinícolas do Vale dos Vinhedos (RS e do Vale do São Francisco (BA/PE

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Talise Valduga Zanini

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma análise comparativa entre duas das mais importantes regiões vinícolas brasileiras: o Vale dos Vinhedos (VV no Rio Grande do Sul e o Vale do São Francisco (VSF localizado entre os Estados da Bahia e Pernambuco. O objetivo é compreender se as motivações dos turistas que visitam as regiões estudadas se relacionam ao vinho e seu contexto ou possuem características similares a de outros eventos turísticos. Os resultados encontrados permitem inferir que no VV, as motivações dos turistas referem-se ao vinho, e essa região já pode ser considerada um destino enoturístico consolidado. Já no VSF, as motivações dos turistas relacionam-se a aspectos comuns a todos tipos de turismo. Conclui-se que a pluralidade destas duas regiões enoturísticas, desde que devidamente planejada no contexto regional específico, poderá constituir-se um fator de diferenciação para o Brasil no cenário mundial. Palavras-chave: turismo; enoturismo; Vale dos Vinhedos; Vale do São Francisco; Brasil. Abstract This article has as objective to do a comparative analysis among two of the most important Brazilian wine-producing areas: The Vale dos Vinhedos in Rio Grande do Sul and Vale do São Francisco (VSF located among Bahia e Pernambuco. The objective is to understand the tourists' motivations that visit the studied areas these they link to the wine and her context or they possess similar characteristics the one of other tourist events. The joined results allow to infer that in Vale dos Vinhedos, the motivation of tourists is related to wine and this region can already be considered a consolidated wine tourism destination. On the other hand, in Vale do São Francisco, the motivation of tourists is related to common aspects to all types of tourism, and in less intensity to the reasons regarding wine. It is ended that the plurality of these two wine regions, as long as properly managed, can be a factor of

Masculinity and undocumented labor migration: injured latino day laborers in San Francisco

Science.gov (United States)

Walter, Nicholas; Bourgois, Philippe; Loinaz, H. Margarita

2009-01-01

Drawing on data collected through clinical practice and ethnographic fieldwork, this study examines the experience of injury, illness and disability among undocumented Latino day laborers in San Francisco. We demonstrate how constructions of masculine identity organize the experience of embodied social suffering among workers who are rendered vulnerable by the structural conditions of undocumented immigrant status. Theoretical concepts from critical medical anthropology and gender studies extend the scholarly analysis of structural violence beyond the primarily economic to uncover how it is embodied at the intimate level as a gendered experience of personal and familial crisis, involving love, respect, betrayal and patriarchal failure. A clinical ethnographic focus on socially structured patriarchal suffering elucidates the causal relationship between macro-forces and individual action with a fuller appreciation of the impact of culture and everyday lived experience. PMID:15210088

Microbial diversity and carbon cycling in San Francisco Bay wetlands

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Theroux, Susanna [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Walnut Creek, CA (United States). Dept. of Energy Joint Genome Inst.; Hartman, Wyatt [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Walnut Creek, CA (United States). Dept. of Energy Joint Genome Inst.; He, Shaomei [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Walnut Creek, CA (United States). Dept. of Energy Joint Genome Inst.; Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States); Tringe, Susannah [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Walnut Creek, CA (United States). Dept. of Energy Joint Genome Inst.

2014-03-21

Wetland restoration efforts in San Francisco Bay aim to rebuild habitat for endangered species and provide an effective carbon storage solution, reversing land subsidence caused by a century of industrial and agricultural development. However, the benefits of carbon sequestration may be negated by increased methane production in newly constructed wetlands, making these wetlands net greenhouse gas (GHG) sources to the atmosphere. We investigated the effects of wetland restoration on below-ground microbial communities responsible for GHG cycling in a suite of historic and restored wetlands in SF Bay. Using DNA and RNA sequencing, coupled with real-time GHG monitoring, we profiled the diversity and metabolic potential of wetland soil microbial communities. The wetland soils harbor diverse communities of bacteria and archaea whose membership varies with sampling location, proximity to plant roots and sampling depth. Our results also highlight the dramatic differences in GHG production between historic and restored wetlands and allow us to link microbial community composition and GHG cycling with key environmental variables including salinity, soil carbon and plant species.

El acuerdo cubano-americano y la diplomacia del papa Francisco

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Constanza Mazzina

2017-12-01

Full Text Available El acuerdo celebrado entre Cuba y Estados Unidos en el último diciembre de 2014 por el que se acordó la reanudación de las relaciones entre ambos países, después de más de cincuenta años de interrupción, demuestra un cambio histórico y una oportunidad recíproca. El presente artículo hace un recorrido por las relaciones bilaterales en clave histórico-política para luego revisar los hechos que desembocaron en el acuerdo, teniendo en cuenta que este implicó una negociación compleja y el esfuerzo de una serie de actores heterogéneos. Entre los distintos actores, el artículo destaca la actuación del papa Francisco como posibilitador del acuerdo y constructor del puente del diálogo entre Obama y Raúl Castro. Finalmente se introduce y reflexiona acerca de los puntos aún controversiales para el avance de las relaciones bilaterales.

Application of INAA to provenance study of ceramics from Baixo Sao Francisco River, Sergipe, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santos, J.O.; Munita, C.S.; Toyota, Rosimeiri G.; Vergne, C.

2007-01-01

The study of the physical and chemical characteristics of crafts, in association with historical and archaeological research, has allowed for the reconstruction of ancient community habits. Archaeological studies include several techniques to reconstruct ancient cultures. Since ceramics represent a sophisticated merging of previously separate domains of human knowledge and experience, these objects are studied by means of archaeometric methods. In recent years an interdisciplinary research program was started between Museu Arqueologico de Xingo (MAX) and Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP) to study the ancient ceramist cultures from Xingo region, located in Sergipe, Brazilian Northeast. Recent studies conducted in the area have showed the existence of an independent ceramist group without relation to the ceramist group well established in the Brazilian Northeast, Tupiguarani and Aratu. Instrumental neutron activation analysis, INAA, is a suitable technique for provenance studies. In this work the chemical composition of 103 samples: 30 clays and 73 ceramics from Barracao archaeological site, from Baixo Sao Francisco, were analyzed. This analysis allowed for the definition of compositional groups of ceramics according to the chemical similarities of ceramic paste, which reveals the raw material composition used in the manufacturing process by prehistoric man. The outliers were identified by means robust Mahalanobis distance. The results were interpreted by means of cluster analysis, principal components analysis and discriminant analysis. The results obtained in this work, in association with archaeological information, allowed for the identification of the ceramic groups in relation to the ceramist occupations of the Xingo area. This work contributes for the reconstruction of the Baixo Sao Francisco region communities and for the reconstitution of the Brazilian Northeast ceramist population. (author)

Effects of local geology on ground motion in the San Francisco Bay region, California—A continued study

Science.gov (United States)

Gibbs, James F.; Borcherdt, Roger D.

1974-01-01

Measurements of ground motion generated by nuclear explosions in Nevada have been completed for 99 locations in the San Francisco Bay region, California. The seismograms, Fourier amplitude spectra, spectral amplification curves for the signal, and the Fourier amplitude spectra of the seismic noise are presented for 60 locations. Analog amplifications, based on the maximum signal amplitude, are computed for an additional 39 locations. The recordings of the nuclear explosions show marked amplitude variations which are consistently related to the local geologic conditions of the recording site. The average spectral amplifications observed for vertical and horizontal ground motions are, respectively: (1, 1) for granite, (1.5, 1.6) for the Franciscan Formation, (2.3, 2.3), for other pre-Tertiary and Tertiary rocks, (3.0, 2.7) for the Santa Clara Formation, (3.3, 4.4) for older bay sediments, and (3.7, 11.3) for younger bay mud. Spectral amplification curves define predominant ground frequencies for younger bay mud sites and for some older bay sediment sites. The predominant frequencies for most sites were not clearly defined by the amplitude spectra computed from the seismic background noise. The intensities ascribed to various sites in the San Francisco Bay region for the California earthquake of April 18, 1906, are strongly dependent on distance from the zone of surface faulting and the geological character of the ground. Considering only those sites (approximately one square city block in size) for which there is good evidence for the degree of ascribed intensity, the intensities for 917 sites on Franciscan rocks generally decrease with the logarithm of distance as Intensity = 2.69 - 1.90 log (Distance Km). For sites on other geologic units, intensity increments, derived from this empirical rela.tion, correlate strongly with the Average Horizontal Spectral Amplifications (MISA) according to the empirical relation Intensity Increment= 0.27 + 2.70 log(AHSA). Average

Comparing Respondent-Driven Sampling and Targeted Sampling Methods of Recruiting Injection Drug Users in San Francisco

Science.gov (United States)

Malekinejad, Mohsen; Vaudrey, Jason; Martinez, Alexis N.; Lorvick, Jennifer; McFarland, Willi; Raymond, H. Fisher

2010-01-01

The objective of this article is to compare demographic characteristics, risk behaviors, and service utilization among injection drug users (IDUs) recruited from two separate studies in San Francisco in 2005, one which used targeted sampling (TS) and the other which used respondent-driven sampling (RDS). IDUs were recruited using TS (n = 651) and RDS (n = 534) and participated in quantitative interviews that included demographic characteristics, risk behaviors, and service utilization. Prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess whether there were differences in these variables by sampling method. There was overlap in 95% CIs for all demographic variables except African American race (TS: 45%, 53%; RDS: 29%, 44%). Maps showed that the proportion of IDUs distributed across zip codes were similar for the TS and RDS sample, with the exception of a single zip code that was more represented in the TS sample. This zip code includes an isolated, predominantly African American neighborhood where only the TS study had a field site. Risk behavior estimates were similar for both TS and RDS samples, although self-reported hepatitis C infection was lower in the RDS sample. In terms of service utilization, more IDUs in the RDS sample reported no recent use of drug treatment and syringe exchange program services. Our study suggests that perhaps a hybrid sampling plan is best suited for recruiting IDUs in San Francisco, whereby the more intensive ethnographic and secondary analysis components of TS would aid in the planning of seed placement and field locations for RDS. PMID:20582573

Revisión y estudio de la obra poética de Micer Francisco Imperial

OpenAIRE

Garrigós Llorens, Laura

2015-01-01

Se reconoce unánimemente que la obra poética de Francisco Imperial (c. 1372-c. 1409), fue fundamental para el inicio y desarrollo de la poesía alegórica en España, teniendo en cuenta su esfuerzo ímprobo por asimilar y dar a conocer en verso castellano la riqueza de sabiduría y estilo de la Divina Comedia de Dante. Después de casi cuarenta años de publicación de la única edición conjunta de la obra del poeta genovés, a cargo de Colbert I. Nepaulsingh (1976), y habiéndose realizado grandes avan...

Francisco de Miranda: Precursor de la independencia o espía al servicio de Inglaterra

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Ángel Rafael Lombardi Boscán

2006-09-01

Full Text Available Francisco de Miranda es una de las grandes figuras emblemticas de la Historia de Venezuela. En nuestro medio le consideramos el adalid de la libertad continental en contra de la Monarquía hispnica. Hace doscientos años que intentó invadir a Venezuela y fracasó (1806; aunque contribuyó a crear las condiciones para la transición de colonia a republica. Aquí llevamos a cabo un acercamiento a su vida como conspirador bajo la dicotomía y paradoja de servir tanto a los intereses geopolíticos ingleses como a la causa de la libertad republicana.

Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Autos sacramentales - Francisco de Quevedo, Prosa satírica

OpenAIRE

Plata, Fernando

2011-01-01

Reseñas de Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Autos sacramentales. El divino Jasón. El gran mercado del Mundo. El gran teatro del Mundo. La viña del Señor, ed. I. Arellano, Homo Legens (Bibliotheca Homolegens, 50), Madrid, 2010, 406 pp. ISBN: 978-84-92518-54-8 y Francisco de Quevedo, Prosa satírica, ed. I. Arellano, Homo Legens (Bibliotheca Homolegens, 58), Madrid, 2011, 206 pp. ISBN: 978-84-92518-69-2. Reviews of Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Autos sacramentales. El divino Jasón. El gran mercado d...

Monitoring of water in soil in asparagus irrigated culture in Vale do Sao Francisco, Pernambuco, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Antonino, Antonio C. Dantas; Sampaio, Everardo V.S.B.; Dall' Ollio, Attilio; Bernardo, Ana L. Alves; Audry, Pierre

1996-08-01

For many years the brazilian government has inactivated the implantation of irrigated areas in the Sao Francisco valley, obtaining high productivity.After the most appropriated areas having been occupied, the irrigation of second choice soils, usually more shallower and more clay is been tried. In one of these areas, the productivity of asparagus is less than the expected. trying to improve productivity by optimization of irrigation, the movement of water on soil and plants is being monitored far the last year and a half. the main results are shown with emphasis on the raining season, the most problematic

Coupling alongshore variations in wave energy to beach morphologic change using the SWAN wave model at Ocean Beach, San Francisco, CA

Science.gov (United States)

Eshleman, Jodi L.; Barnard, Patrick L.; Erikson, Li H.; Hanes, Daniel M.

2007-01-01

Coastal managers have faced increasing pressure to manage their resources wisely over the last century as a result of heightened development and changing environmental forcing. It is crucial to understand seasonal changes in beach volume and shape in order to identify areas vulnerable to accelerated erosion. Shepard (1950) was among the first to quantify seasonal beach cycles. Sonu and Van Beek (1971) and Wright et al. (1985) described commonly occurring beach states. Most studies utilize widest spaced 2-D cross shore profiles or shorelines extracted from aerial photographs (e.g. Winant et al. 1975; Aubrey, 1979, Aubrey and Ross, 1985; Larson and Kraus, 1994; Jimenez et al., 1977; Lacey and Peck, 1998; Guillen et al., 1999; Norcorss et al., 2002) to analyzed systematic changes in beach evolution. But with the exception of established field stations, such as Duck, NC (Birkemeier and Mason, 1984), ans Hazaki Oceanographical Research Station (HORS) in Japan (Katoh, 1997), there are very few beach change data sets with high temporal and spatial resolutions (e.g. Dail et al., 2000; Ruggiero et al., 2005; Yates et al., in press). Comprehensive sets of nearshore morphological data and local in situ measurements outside of these field stations are very rare and virtually non-existent high-energy coasts. Studied that have attempted to relate wave statistics to beach morphology change require some knowledge of the nearshore wave climate, and have had limited success using offshore measurement (Sonu and Van Beek, 1971; Dail et al., 2000). The primary objective of this study is to qualitatively compare spatially variable nearshore wave predictions to beach change measurements in order to understand the processes responsible for a persistent erosion 'hotspot' at Ocean Beach, San Francisco, CA. Local wave measurements are used to calibrate and validate a wave model that provides nearshore wave prediction along the beach. The model is run for thousands of binned offshore wave

Understanding Urban Watersheds through Digital Interactive Maps, San Francisco Bay Area, California

Science.gov (United States)

Sowers, J. M.; Ticci, M. G.; Mulvey, P.

2014-12-01

Dense urbanization has resulted in the "disappearance" of many local creeks in urbanized areas surrounding the San Francisco Bay. Long reaches of creeks now flow in underground pipes. Municipalities and water agencies trying to reduce non-point-source pollution are faced with a public that cannot see and therefore does not understand the interconnected nature of the drainage system or its ultimate discharge to the bay. Since 1993, we have collaborated with the Oakland Museum, the San Francisco Estuary Institute, public agencies, and municipalities to create creek and watershed maps to address the need for public understanding of watershed concepts. Fifteen paper maps are now published (www.museumca.org/creeks), which have become a standard reference for educators and anyone working on local creek-related issues. We now present digital interactive creek and watershed maps in Google Earth. Four maps are completed covering urbanized areas of Santa Clara and Alameda Counties. The maps provide a 3D visualization of the watersheds, with cartography draped over the landscape in transparent colors. Each mapped area includes both Present and Past (circa 1800s) layers which can be clicked on or off by the user. The Present layers include the modern drainage network, watershed boundaries, and reservoirs. The Past layers include the 1800s-era creek systems, tidal marshes, lagoons, and other habitats. All data are developed in ArcGIS software and converted to Google Earth format. To ensure the maps are interesting and engaging, clickable icons pop-up provide information on places to visit, restoration projects, history, plants, and animals. Maps of Santa Clara Valley are available at http://www.valleywater.org/WOW.aspx. Maps of western Alameda County will soon be available at http://acfloodcontrol.org/. Digital interactive maps provide several advantages over paper maps. They are seamless within each map area, and the user can zoom in or out, and tilt, and fly over to explore

Francisco Ibarra Martínez: renovador de la pedagogía cubana

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Lic. Osmar Oliva-Crespo

2015-10-01

Full Text Available The article entitled Francisco Ibarra Martínez: reformer of Cuban Pedagogy, is first of all a well deserved homage to one of the most important pedagogues of the republican period. His thought and his work are approached, from his initial stage of academic formation to his contributions to the educational cuban thought. Stands out his social dimension of his pedagogic work, his integration to the civic life of the city, his reforming vision of the practice of sports and study of the history of his country. Likewise, we refer to his contributions to the historiography as a science, the journalism and his concern for the social and political destination of the country. For this reason this work has among its contributions the treatment to the local history from the specific fild of pedagogy and education, modestly contributing to the rescue of historic memory.

DETERMINACIÓN DE HIDROCARBUROS AROMÁTICOS POLICICLICOS (HPAs) EN SEDIMENTOS DEL RIO SÃO FRANCISCO - ESTADO DE BAHIA - BRASIL

OpenAIRE

Alexsandro Fiscina de Santana; Eva Vidal Vázquez; Antonio Paz González; Magda Beretta

2014-01-01

Este estudio tiene como objetivo realizar una evaluación de la contaminación de los hidrocarbonatos aromáticos policíclicos (HAPs), en sedimentos del tramo submedio del Río São Francisco. Las muestras de sedimentos superficiales fueron recogidas mediante una draga tipo Petersen en veintiuna estaciones entre las localidades de Sobradinho y Curaçá. Además fueron realizadas medidas de parámetros físico-químicos e...

What We Have Learned from San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment and Leiden Manifesto?

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Carey Ming-Li Chen

2017-03-01

Full Text Available In recent years, the research performance evaluation of members of the academic community conducted by government or institutions has been applied with multiple indicators and peer review, however, there are many controversies about the design and application of research evaluation indicators. This article aims to introduce the development process of San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA and Leiden Manifesto and summarize their contents of guidelines and attempts to compare the differences between these two documents. It hopes that this article can arise the attention and reflection of research evaluation indicators and relevant issues from Taiwan academic community to reach consensus of utilization of research evaluation indicators. It will be beneficial to develop the version of declaration with local characteristics in the future.

La desconocida historia de la construcción de la iglesia de San Francisco

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Susan V. Webster

2012-07-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo ofrece una nueva cronología e historia de la construcción de la iglesia de San Francisco de Quito a través de documentos históricos inéditos que demuestran, contrariamente a lo postulado en la historiografìa tradicional, que la actual iglesia no fue construida en el siglo XVI. El estudio ilustra los participantes y el proceso de construcción, empleando documentos, planos e imágenes. Se abarcan temas de autoría, particularmente las identidades de los diseñadoresy constructores, y se ofrece una reconsideración del legado historiográfico del imponente templo franciscano a la vista de la nueva documentación

Zooplankton data collected using net casts from the FRANCISCO DE ULLOA in the North Pacific Ocean from 01 January 1999 to 31 January 1999 (NODC Accession 0000912)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Zooplankton data were collected using net casts in the North Pacific Ocean from FRANCISCO DE ULLOA. Data were collected from 01 January 1999 to 31 January 1999. Data...

Monitoring the Northern San Francisco Bay Water Quality with Landsat-8. Nicholas B. Tufillaroa , and Curtiss O. Davisa. aOregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA, nbt@coas.oregonstate.edu

Science.gov (United States)

Davis, C. O.; Tufillaro, N.

2016-02-01

Landsat-8's high spatial resolution ( 30 nm nominal), improved signal-to-noise (12bit digitizer) and expanded band set open up new applications for coastal and in-land waters. We use a recent ocean color processor for Landsat-8 created by Vanhellemont and Ruddick (RSE, 2015)to examine changes in the Northern San Francisco Bay, in particular looking for possiblechanges due to the on-going California drought. For instance, a temporary drought barrier to prevent salt water intrusion was placed during May of 2015 at West False River in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Using the new Landsat-8 ocean color products, we illustrate how to monitor changes in macro algae and plants (Sago pondweed (native), Curly pondweed (non-native)) in regions directly effected,such as the Franks Track region. Product maps using panchromatic enhancement ( 15 m resolution) andscene based atmospheric correction allow a detailed synoptic look every 16 days during theSpring, Summer, and Fall of 2015. This work is part of a larger NASA funded project aimed atimproving the modeling and predictive capabilities of the biogeochemical state for the San Francisco Bay(Davis, PI: Impacts of Population Growth on the San Francisco Bay and Delta Ecosystem, 2014-2017).

Noticias de Francisco de Herrera el Viejo en Madrid y del retablo mayor del Colegio de San Basilio, de Sevilla

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Cornejo, Francisco J.

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Documents are presented here attesting to the presence of the painter Francisco de Herrera el Viejo in Madrid between 1647 and 1648. Likewise, important new information concerning the altarpiece of San Basilio in Seville is brought to light: the measurements of the architectural structure, the delay of almost ten years in its installation and payment to the artist; and, above all, the three paintings now located – a Christ Child from the door of the ciborium, and the portraits of Saint Basil the Great and Saint Eumelia, parents of Saint Basil – still attached to a fragment of the original alterpiece.

En este artículo se dan a conocer documentos que certifican la presencia en Madrid del pintor Francisco de Herrera el Viejo en 1647 y 1648. Además, se aportan importantes novedades acerca del retablo de San Basilio, de Sevilla: las medidas de su arquitectura; el retraso en casi diez años de su instalación y pago al pintor; y, sobre todo, las tres pinturas localizadas - un Niño Jesús, de la puerta del sagrario y los retratos de San Basilio el Mayor y de Santa Eumelia, padres de San Basilio - que continúan insertas en un fragmento del retablo original.

Iglesia y participación comunitaria en salud: el caso del Municipio San Francisco del estado Zulia, Venezuela

OpenAIRE

José Guillermo García

2002-01-01

Este trabajo tiene por objeto identificar en forma comparada los factores que condicionan la participación de las comunidades Betulio González y 24 de Julio del municipio San Francisco del estado Zulia en el subprograma de Medicina Natural que promociona la Iglesia Católica. Bajo un esquema conceptual que combina principios de las teorías: Elección Racional, Movilización de Recursos, Privación Relativa, Identidades Colectivas y Capital Social, se plantea la hipótesis que la par...

Ciudades invisibles. Tijuana en la obra de Federico Campbell, Luis Humberto Crosthwaite, Francisco Morales y Heriberto Yépez

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Diana Palaversich

2014-06-01

This essay employs the concepts of “the haunted place” (Michel de Certeau and “the sense of place” (Kent Ryden to examine the representation of the US-Mexico border in the works of Federico Campbell, Luis Humberto Crosthwaite, Francisco Morales and Heriberto Yépez. While Campbell, Crosthwaite, and Morales represent Tijuana as a place imbued with personal and collective history, Yépez, in his most recent novel, Al otro lado, offers an apocalyptic vision of this border city, defined by narcoviolence, illegal immigration, and militarization.

The Power of the Dramatic «Auctoritas»: Francisco de Rojas Zorrilla in front of the Byzantine Comedy

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Julián González-Barrera

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Francisco de Rojas Zorrilla was one of the poets most favoured by the Court, even more than Calderón de la Barca. That royal favour gave him a creative freedom that lead to experiment with new methods, genres and motifs. That was the case of Persiles and Sigismunda, not only a mere adaptation of the cervantine novel, but also an attempt to surpass the model that Lope de Vega had created for the byzantine comedy, adding new formulas to a genre considered closed.

40Ar/39Ar dating of 1.0-1.1 Ga magnetizations from the Sao Francisco and Kalahari cratons: tectonic implications for Pan-African and Brasiliano mobile belts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Renne, P.R.; Onstott, T.C.; Agrella-Filho, M.S. d'; Pacca, I.G.; Teixeira, W.

1990-01-01

Paleomagnetic poles from 1.1-1.0 Ga dyke swarms in eastern Brazil (Sao Francisco Craton) are compared with 1.0 Ga poles from granulites of the Namaqua Province in southern Africa (Kalahari Graton). The intrusive ages of dykes are estimated from 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating of outgassed biotites from baked country rocks. The age of magnetization for the granulites is derived by combining 40 Ar/ 39 Ar hornblende and biotite dates. When restored to a Mesozoic pre-drift configuration the paleomagnetic poles are in crude spatial agreement but are temporally discordant. To satisfy both paleomagnetic and geochronologic constraints, a reconstruction involving separation of the Sao Francisco and Kalahari cratons is required, indicating that the intervening Pan-African (Brasiliano) mobile belt may record a craton-craton collision. (orig.)

Plankton data collected using net casts from the FRANCISCO DE ULLOA in the North Pacific Ocean from 15 July 1998 to 30 July 1998 (NODC Accession 0000911)

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Plankton data were collected using net casts in the North Pacific Ocean from FRANCISCO DE ULLOA. Data were collected from 15 July 1998 to 30 July 1998. Data were...

Historia editorial de la traducción al inglés de Muertes de Perro en el archivo de la Fundación Francisco Ayala

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Valdivia, P.

2016-01-01

Muertes de Perro has gathered the attention of several critical studies. However, so far, it was still missing a thorough analysis and reconstruction of the editorial history of its translation to English. This article, thanks to the existing documentation in the Archive of the Francisco Ayala’s

Water quality measurements in San Francisco Bay by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1969-2015.

Science.gov (United States)

Schraga, Tara S; Cloern, James E

2017-08-08

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) maintains a place-based research program in San Francisco Bay (USA) that began in 1969 and continues, providing one of the longest records of water-quality measurements in a North American estuary. Constituents include salinity, temperature, light extinction coefficient, and concentrations of chlorophyll-a, dissolved oxygen, suspended particulate matter, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, silicate, and phosphate. We describe the sampling program, analytical methods, structure of the data record, and how to access all measurements made from 1969 through 2015. We provide a summary of how these data have been used by USGS and other researchers to deepen understanding of how estuaries are structured and function differently from the river and ocean ecosystems they bridge.

BRICKS, BRANDING, AND THE EVERYDAY: DEFINING GREATNESS AT THE UNITED NATIONS PLAZA IN SAN FRANCISCO

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Georgia Lindsay

2017-07-01

Full Text Available After over a decade of reports, designs, and public outreach, the United Nations Plaza in San Francisco was dedicated in 1976. Using historical documents such as government reports, design guidelines, letters, meeting minutes, and newspaper articles from archives, I argue that while the construction of the UN Plaza has failed to completely transform the social and economic life of the area, it succeeds in creating a genuinely public space. The history of the UN Plaza can serve both as a cautionary tale for those interested in changing property values purely through changing design, and as a standard of success in making a space used by a true cross-section of urban society.

Tipos de tirano y resistencia en Francisco Suárez

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Pablo Font Oporto

2017-09-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo pretende analizar la discusión que Francisco Suárez mantiene con las tesis contrarias a la distinción entre tipos de tirano en la cuestión del tiranicidio (Defensio fidei, Libro VI, capítulo IV, números 10-13. Para esta visión no le es lícito a una persona privada matar a ninguno de los dos tipos de tirano; sólo es posible darles muerte en legítima defensa, porque se entiende que en tal caso se actúa en ejercicio de autoridad pública. Suárez acaba admitiendo esta tesis en el número 13, lo que parece contradecirse con lo sostenido en el número 7, donde se aceptaba la muerte del usurpador por cualquier particular. Sin embargo, en el fondo mantiene la diferencia entre ambos tipos de tirano, por cuanto que en el caso del usurpador sostiene que siempre se dan las condiciones para alegar legítima defensa. Queda sin aclarar qué ocurre en tal caso con las condiciones dispuestas en los números 8 y 9.

The integration of engineering and architecture: A perspective on natural ventilation for the new San Francisco Federal Building

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

McConahey, Erin; Haves, Philip; Christ, Tim

2002-01-01

A description of the in-progress design of a new Federal Office Building for San Francisco is used to illustrate a number of issues arising in the design of large, naturally ventilated office buildings. These issues include the need for an integrated approach to design involving the architects, mechanical and structural engineers, lighting designers and specialist simulation modelers. In particular, the use of natural ventilation, and the avoidance of air-conditioning, depends on the high degree of exposed thermal mass made possible by the structural scheme and by the minimization of solar heat gains while maintaining the good daylighting that results from optimization of the facade. Another issue was the need for a radical change in interior space planning in order to enhance the natural ventilation; all the individual enclosed offices are located along the central spine of each floorplate rather than at the perimeter. The role of integration in deterring the undermining of the design through value engineering is discussed. The comfort criteria for the building were established based on the recent extension to the ASHRAE comfort standard based on the adaptive model for naturally ventilated buildings. The building energy simulation program EnergyPlus was used to compare the performance of different natural ventilation strategies. The results indicate that, in the San Francisco climate, wind-driven ventilation provides sufficient nocturnal cooling to maintain comfortable conditions and that external chimneys do not provide significant additional ventilation at times when it when it would be beneficial

Impacts of an underwater high voltage DC power cable on fish migration movements in the San Francisco Bay.

Science.gov (United States)

Wyman, M. T.; Kavet, R.; Klimley, A. P.

2016-02-01

There is an increasingly strong interest on a global scale in offshore renewable energy production and transportation. However, there is concern that the electromagnetic fields (EMF) produced by these underwater cables may alter the behavior and physiology of marine species. Despite this concern, few studies have investigated these effects in free-living species. In 2009, a 85 km long high-voltage DC (HVDC) power cable was placed within the San Francisco Bay, running parallel, then perpendicular to, the migration route of anadromous species moving from the inland river system to the oceans. In this study, we assess the impacts of this HVDC cable on the migration behaviors of EMF-sensitive fish, including juvenile salmonids (Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, and steelhead trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss) and adult green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris. Acoustic telemetry techniques were used to track fish migration movements through the San Francisco Bay both before and after the cable was activated; individuals implanted with acoustic transmitters were detected on cross-channel hydrophone arrays at key locations in the system. Magnetic fields were surveyed and mapped at these locations using a transverse gradiometer, and models of the cable's magnetic field were developed that closely matched the empirically measured values. Here, we present our analyses on the relationships between migration-related behavioral metrics (e.g., percent of successful migrations, duration of migration, time spent near vs. far from cable location, etc.) and environmental parameters, such as cable activation and load level, local magnetic field levels, depth, and currents.

Impacts of representing sea-level rise uncertainty on future flood risks: An example from San Francisco Bay.

Science.gov (United States)

Ruckert, Kelsey L; Oddo, Perry C; Keller, Klaus

2017-01-01

Rising sea levels increase the probability of future coastal flooding. Many decision-makers use risk analyses to inform the design of sea-level rise (SLR) adaptation strategies. These analyses are often silent on potentially relevant uncertainties. For example, some previous risk analyses use the expected, best, or large quantile (i.e., 90%) estimate of future SLR. Here, we use a case study to quantify and illustrate how neglecting SLR uncertainties can bias risk projections. Specifically, we focus on the future 100-yr (1% annual exceedance probability) coastal flood height (storm surge including SLR) in the year 2100 in the San Francisco Bay area. We find that accounting for uncertainty in future SLR increases the return level (the height associated with a probability of occurrence) by half a meter from roughly 2.2 to 2.7 m, compared to using the mean sea-level projection. Accounting for this uncertainty also changes the shape of the relationship between the return period (the inverse probability that an event of interest will occur) and the return level. For instance, incorporating uncertainties shortens the return period associated with the 2.2 m return level from a 100-yr to roughly a 7-yr return period (∼15% probability). Additionally, accounting for this uncertainty doubles the area at risk of flooding (the area to be flooded under a certain height; e.g., the 100-yr flood height) in San Francisco. These results indicate that the method of accounting for future SLR can have considerable impacts on the design of flood risk management strategies.

Think globally, act locally, and collaborate internationally: global health sciences at the University of California, San Francisco.

Science.gov (United States)

Macfarlane, Sarah B; Agabian, Nina; Novotny, Thomas E; Rutherford, George W; Stewart, Christopher C; Debas, Haile T

2008-02-01

The University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) established Global Health Sciences (GHS) as a campus-wide initiative in 2003. The mission of GHS is to facilitate UCSF's engagement in global health across its four schools by (1) creating a supportive environment that promotes UCSF's leadership role in global health, (2) providing education and training in global health, (3) convening and coordinating global health research activities, (4) establishing global health outreach programs locally in San Francisco and California, (5) partnering with academic centers, especially less-well-resourced institutions in low- and middle-income countries, and (6) developing and collaborating in international initiatives that address neglected global health issues.GHS education programs include a master of science (MS) program expected to start in September 2008, an introduction to global health for UCSF residents, and a year of training at UCSF for MS and PhD students from low- and middle-income countries that is "sandwiched" between years in their own education program and results in a UCSF Sandwich Certificate. GHS's work with partner institutions in California has a preliminary focus on migration and health, and its work with academic centers in low- and middle-income countries focuses primarily on academic partnerships to train human resources for health. Recognizing that the existing academic structure at UCSF may be inadequate to address the complexity of global health threats in the 21st century, GHS is working with the nine other campuses of the University of California to develop a university-wide transdisciplinary initiative in global health.

Impacts of representing sea-level rise uncertainty on future flood risks: An example from San Francisco Bay.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kelsey L Ruckert

Full Text Available Rising sea levels increase the probability of future coastal flooding. Many decision-makers use risk analyses to inform the design of sea-level rise (SLR adaptation strategies. These analyses are often silent on potentially relevant uncertainties. For example, some previous risk analyses use the expected, best, or large quantile (i.e., 90% estimate of future SLR. Here, we use a case study to quantify and illustrate how neglecting SLR uncertainties can bias risk projections. Specifically, we focus on the future 100-yr (1% annual exceedance probability coastal flood height (storm surge including SLR in the year 2100 in the San Francisco Bay area. We find that accounting for uncertainty in future SLR increases the return level (the height associated with a probability of occurrence by half a meter from roughly 2.2 to 2.7 m, compared to using the mean sea-level projection. Accounting for this uncertainty also changes the shape of the relationship between the return period (the inverse probability that an event of interest will occur and the return level. For instance, incorporating uncertainties shortens the return period associated with the 2.2 m return level from a 100-yr to roughly a 7-yr return period (∼15% probability. Additionally, accounting for this uncertainty doubles the area at risk of flooding (the area to be flooded under a certain height; e.g., the 100-yr flood height in San Francisco. These results indicate that the method of accounting for future SLR can have considerable impacts on the design of flood risk management strategies.

Tropicalism and Romanticism: Francisco Mourelle de la Rúa’s Journey around the Pacific Ocean (1780-1781 Tropicalísimo y romanticismo: el viaje de Francisco Mourelle de la Rúa por el Océano Pacífico (1780-1781

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José María GARCÍA SÁNCHEZ

2011-01-01

Full Text Available The torrid or tropical Zone limited by the two tropics of cancer and Capricorn was imagined by the greatest powers of the 18 century, Spain, France, and Great Britain as a meeting area of the otherness where the tropical discourses, ambivalent, appeared written either with dose of ferocity and infertility, or exoticism and abundance. Francisco Mourelle de la Rua was one of the most experienced sailors that plied the international waters during the last third of the eighteenth century, one of his trips included one of the «tropical» zones par excellence, the trip embarked from San Blas in Nayarit in Mexico and his return to Manila is the object of analysis of this study.La zona tórrida o tropical limitada por los dos trópicos de capricornio y de cáncer fue imaginada por las mayores potencias del siglo XVIII, España, Francia e Inglaterra, como una zona de encuentro de la otredad donde los discursos tropicalistas, ambivalentes, aparecieron escritos con dosis o bien de ferocidad e infertilidad, o bien de exotismo y abundancia. Francisco Mourelle de la Rúa fue uno de los navegantes más experimentados que surcaron las aguas internacionales durante el último tercio del siglo XViii, uno de sus viajes comprendió una de las zonas «tropicales» por excelencia, el viaje emprendido desde San Blas de nayarit en México hasta Manila y su regreso es el objeto de análisis de este estudio.

Predator removal and nesting waterbird success at San Francisco Bay, California

Science.gov (United States)

Meckstroth, A.M.; Miles, A.K.

2005-01-01

The efficacy of long-term predator removal in urbanized areas is poorly understood. The impact of predation on ground-nesting waterbirds, as well as predator abundance and composition in predator removal versus non-removal or reference sites were examined at South San Francisco Bay. The success of natural nests and predator activity was monitored using track plates, trip cameras, wire haircatchers and simulated nests. Removal sites had higher nest densities, but lower hatching success than reference sites. Predator composition and abundance were not different at the removal and reference sites for any predator other than feral Cat (Felis domesticus). Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis) comprised the majority (84%) of predators removed, yet remained the most abundant predators in removal and reference sites. Urban environments provide supplemental food that may influence skunks and other nest predators to immigrate into vacancies created by predator removal. Based on the findings from this study, predator removal should be applied intensively over a larger geographic area in order to be a viable management strategy for some mammalian species in urbanized areas.

Fundamentos teológicos de la censura en Francisco Suárez

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Manuel Lázaro Pulido

2017-09-01

Full Text Available La censura es un acto recogido dentro del Código de Derecho Canónico. La teología subyacente se inscribe dentro de la historia de la salvación propia del concilio Vaticano II. Varios siglos antes, el maestro jesuita Francisco Suárez reflexionó sobre la censura en un voluminoso tratado (Disputationum de censuris…, en el que anticipa los elementos pertenecientes a la censura que aparecen en el actual CDC. Suárez realiza una lectura teológica en el que destaca el carácter medicinal de la censura, a partir de la lectura sacramental de la pena y desde un antropología de la voluntad, que supone una apuesta por la prevención del hombre y su salvación, antes que por su carácter penal, o si se quiere por dotar a la ley penal de un carácter salvífico.

Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em bananeiras cultivadas no Vale do Submédio São Francisco

OpenAIRE

Melo,Adriana Mayumi Yano de; Maia,Leonor Costa; Morgado,Luiz Balbino

1997-01-01

Na região do Vale do São Francisco, onde a exploração da agricultura irrigada é a principal responsável pela alta produção de frutas para exportação, a banana é uma das culturas que mais tem se expandido em área cultivada. Com o objetivo de registrar os fungos micorrízicos arbusculares associados a essa cultura, foram coletadas, sob a parte aérea da bananeira, amostras de solo da rizosfera, em quatro áreas com diferentes características de solo, sendo identificadas as espécies: Acaulospora lo...

Estudio de Maseres Circunestelares de Monoxido de Silicio con muy alta Resolucion Espacial

Science.gov (United States)

Soria-Ruiz, Rebeca

2006-03-01

We present high-spatial and high-spectral resolution studies of SiO masers in the circumstellar envelopes of late-type stars. These masers occur in the inner layers of the CSEs, in a region dominated by the stellar pulsation, thus being good (if not the only) probes available to understand the physics in these regions. Using the NRAO Very Long Baseline Array, we have produced maps of the 28SiO v=1 and v=2 J=1-0 and J=2-1 transitions towards several AGB stars: two Mira-type (TXCam and RLeo), one OH/IR (IRC+10011) and one S-type (xCyg) stars. The 29SiO v=0 J=1-0 and J=2-1 emission has also been studied. The spatial distributions retrieved, some of them for the first time, are in clear contradiction with the predictions of the models developed to date. We suggest that spectral line overlap may explain the results obtained. This work has been conducted by Dr. Javier Alcolea Jimenez and Dr. Francisco Colomer Sanmartin, at Observatorio Astronomico Nacional (Spain). The PhD thesis manuscript, in spanish, is available at ftp://ftp.oan.es/pub/users/r.soria/TESIS-RSoria.pdf .

Real-Time GPS Monitoring for Earthquake Rapid Assessment in the San Francisco Bay Area

Science.gov (United States)

Guillemot, C.; Langbein, J. O.; Murray, J. R.

2012-12-01

The U.S. Geological Survey Earthquake Science Center has deployed a network of eight real-time Global Positioning System (GPS) stations in the San Francisco Bay area and is implementing software applications to continuously evaluate the status of the deformation within the network. Real-time monitoring of the station positions is expected to provide valuable information for rapidly estimating source parameters should a large earthquake occur in the San Francisco Bay area. Because earthquake response applications require robust data access, as a first step we have developed a suite of web-based applications which are now routinely used to monitor the network's operational status and data streaming performance. The web tools provide continuously updated displays of important telemetry parameters such as data latency and receive rates, as well as source voltage and temperature information within each instrument enclosure. Automated software on the backend uses the streaming performance data to mitigate the impact of outages, radio interference and bandwidth congestion on deformation monitoring operations. A separate set of software applications manages the recovery of lost data due to faulty communication links. Displacement estimates are computed in real-time for various combinations of USGS, Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) and Bay Area Regional Deformation (BARD) network stations. We are currently comparing results from two software packages (one commercial and one open-source) used to process 1-Hz data on the fly and produce estimates of differential positions. The continuous monitoring of telemetry makes it possible to tune the network to minimize the impact of transient interruptions of the data flow, from one or more stations, on the estimated positions. Ongoing work is focused on using data streaming performance history to optimize the quality of the position, reduce drift and outliers by switching to the best set of stations within the network, and

Polychlorinated biphenyls in the exterior caulk of San Francisco Bay Area buildings, California, USA.

Science.gov (United States)

Klosterhaus, Susan; McKee, Lester J; Yee, Donald; Kass, Jamie M; Wong, Adam

2014-05-01

Extensive evidence of the adverse impacts of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to wildlife, domestic animals, and humans has now been documented for over 40 years. Despite the ban on production and new use of PCBs in the United States in 1979, a number of fish consumption advisories remain in effect, and there remains considerable uncertainty regarding ongoing environmental sources and management alternatives. Using a blind sampling approach, 25 caulk samples were collected from the exterior of ten buildings in the San Francisco Bay Area and analyzed for PCBs using congener-specific gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and chlorine using portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF). PCBs were detected in 88% of the caulk samples collected from the study area buildings, with 40% exceeding 50 ppm. Detectable PCB concentrations ranged from 1 to 220,000 ppm. These data are consistent with previous studies in other cities that have identified relatively high concentrations of PCBs in concrete and masonry buildings built between 1950 and 1980. Portable XRF was not a good predictor of the PCB content in caulk and the results indicate that portable XRF analysis may only be useful for identifying caulk that contains low concentrations of Cl (≤ 10,000 ppm) and by extension low or no PCBs. A geographic information system-based approach was used to estimate that 10,500 kg of PCBs remain in interior and exterior caulk in buildings located in the study area, which equates to an average of 4.7 kg PCBs per building. The presence of high concentrations in the exterior caulk of currently standing buildings suggests that building caulk may be an ongoing source of PCBs to the San Francisco Bay Area environment. Further studies to expand the currently small international dataset on PCBs in caulking materials in buildings of countries that produced or imported PCBs appear justified in the context of both human health and possible ongoing environmental release. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier

Improving Radar Quantitative Precipitation Estimation over Complex Terrain in the San Francisco Bay Area

Science.gov (United States)

Cifelli, R.; Chen, H.; Chandrasekar, V.

2017-12-01

A recent study by the State of California's Department of Water Resources has emphasized that the San Francisco Bay Area is at risk of catastrophic flooding. Therefore, accurate quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) and forecast (QPF) are critical for protecting life and property in this region. Compared to rain gauge and meteorological satellite, ground based radar has shown great advantages for high-resolution precipitation observations in both space and time domain. In addition, the polarization diversity shows great potential to characterize precipitation microphysics through identification of different hydrometeor types and their size and shape information. Currently, all the radars comprising the U.S. National Weather Service (NWS) Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) network are operating in dual-polarization mode. Enhancement of QPE is one of the main considerations of the dual-polarization upgrade. The San Francisco Bay Area is covered by two S-band WSR-88D radars, namely, KMUX and KDAX. However, in complex terrain like the Bay Area, it is still challenging to obtain an optimal rainfall algorithm for a given set of dual-polarization measurements. In addition, the accuracy of rain rate estimates is contingent on additional factors such as bright band contamination, vertical profile of reflectivity (VPR) correction, and partial beam blockages. This presentation aims to improve radar QPE for the Bay area using advanced dual-polarization rainfall methodologies. The benefit brought by the dual-polarization upgrade of operational radar network is assessed. In addition, a pilot study of gap fill X-band radar performance is conducted in support of regional QPE system development. This paper also presents a detailed comparison between the dual-polarization radar-derived rainfall products with various operational products including the NSSL's Multi-Radar/Multi-Sensor (MRMS) system. Quantitative evaluation of various rainfall products is achieved

Estudio comparativo del currículo de matemáticas ofertado en ingenierías por la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas

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Edier H. Bustos

2012-06-01

Full Text Available This paper arises as a result of an investigation, which is characterized by qualitative, basic and applied their purpose in that final products will support curriculum reforms and adjustments possible in the area of mathematics. Possible to determine the current status of the mathema- tics curriculum of the University Francisco José de Caldas District; This has been studied in universities around the National Curriculum. These include the District University Francisco José de Caldas, Universidad del Valle, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Universidad del Valle, Universidad de Antioquia, Uniandes, Universidad del Tolima, Universidad Piloto. The reader will find that many of the academic areas of math offered in the University District, are the same as those offered in other universities in spite of the many meanings of names referring to the same thematic units, with a ratio equivalent in credits and intensity time, with differences in the courses on offer in the first half, especially because some pre-calculus precalculus prior to differential calculus.   

The Performance of Nearshore Dredge Disposal at Ocean Beach, San Francisco, California, 2005-2007

Science.gov (United States)

Barnard, Patrick L.; Erikson, Li H.; Hansen, Jeff E.; Elias, Edwin

2009-01-01

Ocean Beach, California, contains an erosion hot spot in the shadow of the San Francisco ebb tidal delta that threatens valuable public infrastructure as well as the safe recreational use of the beach. In an effort to reduce the erosion at this location a new plan for the management of sediment dredged annually from the main shipping channel at the mouth of San Francisco Bay was implemented in May 2005 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, San Francisco District (USACE). The USACE designated a temporary nearshore dredge disposal site for the annual disposal of about 230,000 m3 (300,000 yd3) of sand about 750 m offshore and slightly south of the erosion hot spot, in depths between approximately 9 and 14 m. The site has now been used three times for a total sediment disposal of about 690,000 m3 (about 900,000 yds3). The disposal site was chosen because it is in a location where strong tidal currents and open-ocean waves can potentially feed sediment toward the littoral zone in the reach of the beach that is experiencing critical erosion, as well as prevent further scour on an exposed outfall pipe. The onshore migration of sediment from the target disposal location might feed the primary longshore bar or the nearshore zone, and provide a buffer to erosion that peaks during winter months when large waves impact the region. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) has been monitoring and modeling the bathymetric evolution of the test dredge disposal site and the adjacent coastal region since inception in May 2005. This paper reports on the first 2.5 years of this monitoring program effort (May 2005 to December 2007) and assesses the short-term coastal response. Here are the key findings of this report: *Approximately half of the sediment that has been placed in the nearshore dredge-disposal site during the 2.5 years of this study remains within the dredge focus area. *In the winter of 2006-7, large waves transported the dredge-mound material onshore. *High

Measurements and modelling of evapotransiration to assess agricultural water productivity in basins with changing land use patterns : a case study in the São Francisco River basin, Brazil

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Castro Teixeira, de A.H.

2008-01-01

Key words: Vineyards, mango, energy balance, evapotranspiration, water productivity, Bowen ratio, eddy correlation, water balance, natural vegetation, latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, biomass, water productivity, remote sensing, water management. . The São Francisco River basin in Brazil is

«Theater of Sorrows»: Rhetoric and Space in Francisco Romero's «Llanto Sagrado de la América Meridional»

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Jorge Martín García

2016-11-01

Full Text Available This article aims to analyze the text entitled Llanto sagrado de la América Meridional written by the Augustinian friar Francisco Romero. The work presents a kind of spiritual mapping of american land. Therefore, the text divides the territory of the continent according to their proximity or remoteness from the true faith. Our main objective will be to examine the rhetorical mechanisms that lie behind this description of the Indian space.

The language of human law in the thought of Francisco Suárez

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Fernando Centenera Sánchez-Seco

2018-05-01

Full Text Available The subject of this article is the language of human law in the thought of Francisco Suárez. Its chief focus is on the Treatise on Laws and on God the Lawgiver and its views on the prescriptive nature of legislative language, written and spoken language, the lexical-semantic level, and linguistic clarity from the viewpoints of convenience, the essence of the law and justice. The issues Suárez deals with in relation to these points have continued to attract attention up to the present day, and a reading of the Treatise confirms the impression that some of them are still valid. Accordingly, as well as setting out, describing and offering a guide to understanding Suárez ideas, the article offers a comparative and contemplative analysis of them, without forgetting that their author belonged to the early modern period.

Cytogenetic analyses of two endemic fish species from the São Francisco River basin: Conorhynchus conirostris and Lophiosilurus alexandri (Siluriformes

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Marilza Barbosa de Almeida Marques

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Two Siluriformes species endemic to the São Francisco River basin were characterized by conventional and differential cytogenetic analyses involving C-banding, Ag-nucleolar organizer region (NOR and chromomycin A3 (CMA3 staining, and FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridization with 18S and 5S rDNA probes. Conorhynchus conirostris presents a higher diploid number (2n = 60 than those detected in Pimelodidae representatives, whereas Lophiosilurus alexandri, with a karyotype of 2n = 54 chromosomes, presents a chromosomal constitution similar to that found in the family Pseudopimelodidae. Plesiomorphic characteristics such as single NORs at terminal positions are found in both species, as revealed by CMA3 and silver nitrate staining, and FISH with a 18S rDNA probe. C-banding evidenced centromeric and telomeric heterochromatic blocks distributed over most of the chromosomes with a conspicuous heterochromatin segment in a pair of submetacentric chromosomes in L. alexandri. Such karyotype data, if compared to the cytogenetic pattern of other Siluriformes species, can be partially related to their degree of endemism, favorable to the occurrence and fixation of chromosomal rearrangements. The present study in representatives from these two Siluriformes families from the São Francisco River contributes to a better understanding of the karyotype evolution in species of this important order of Neotropical fishes.

Indicadores ambientais para o estudo da contribuição da bioengenharia na sucessão ecológica da Mata Ciliar na margem direita do Rio São Francisco - ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS FOR THE STUDY OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF BIOENGINEERING IN ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION OF FOREST IN CILIARY MARGIN RIGHT OF SÃO FRANCISCO RIVER

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Luisa Ferreira Ribeiro

2010-11-01

Full Text Available O maior problema ambiental que se destaca no rio São Francisco é a erosão, tais conseqüências ambientais são fornecidas entre elas o aumento da turbidez nos corpos hídricos, perda da área produtiva e assoreamento do rio devido à devastação das matas ciliares, o que acarreta a diminuição da biodiversidade na região. No processo de contenção da erosão, é necessário ser feito um estudo da mata ciliar, uma vez que a mesma pode auxiliar na contenção da erosão, preservando a integridade do solo contra os efeitos danosos da erosão. A utilização de indicadores para o estudo da sucessão ecológica de espécies de mata ciliar na margem direita do rio São Francisco oferece uma melhor compreensão e dimensão do problema que atinge a área. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo a construção de indicadores ambientais como ferramenta para uma melhor compreensão da contribuição da bioengenharia na sucessão ecológica na margem direita do Rio São Francisco. A identificação de indicadores ambientais para o estudo do sistema “contribuição da bioengenharia na sucessão ecológica da mata ciliar no Baixo São Francisco”, mostrou-se como uma ferramenta de grande importância para uma melhor compreensão do sistema, permitindo práticas de recuperação mais viáveis.

Proterozoic intracontinental basin succession in the western margin of the São Francisco Craton: Constraints from detrital zircon geochronology

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Martins-Ferreira, Marco Antonio Caçador; Chemale, Farid, Jr.; Dias, Airton Natanael Coelho; Campos, José Eloi Guimarães

2018-01-01

The age and stratigraphic position of Paleoproterozoic to Mesoproterozoic covers that occur along the western border of the São Francisco Craton (SFC) are still uncertain. Based on detailed sedimentological and stratigraphic survey, combined with U-Pb and Lu-Hf zircon dating, we present a new proposal for the stratigraphy and correlation with similar sequences, situated in other regions of the SFC, the Chapada Diamantina and Northern Espinhaço. Our study demonstrates that the so-called Traíras Formation (Araí Group) has a maximum depositional age of 1543 ± 31 Ma. The zircon distribution pattern shows a dominant Rhyacian source and minor contribution of Statherian, Calymmian, Neoarchean and Paleoarchean sources. The Rhyacian zircon grains have dominant positive εHf (t) signature, suggesting a large contribution from the juvenile Paleoproterozoic terranes, most probably from the Goiás Massif, located west of the study area. The Calymmian maximum depositional age, calculated for the upper Araí Group (Traíras Formation), leads to the conclusion that the Serra da Mesa Group (ca. 1.55 Ga maximum depositional age) and the Traíras Formation have coexisted in time, possibly forming a larger sag basin, although laterally heterogeneous. The data presented also allow a new geotectonic interpretation for the Goiás Massif, since it necessarily had to be connected to the São Francisco Craton during the Mesoproterozoic. This excludes the possibility that this massif was accreted to the São Francisco Craton in the Brasiliano Collage, as previously believed. The study also sheds light to the always debated tectonic relationship between the Serra da Mesa Granite (intrusive or basement) and Serra da Mesa Group (ca. 1.57 crystallization age and 1.55 Ga maximum depositional age, respectively). Furthermore, based on the new data, we present a stratigraphic revision for the actual Araí and Paranoá groups, proposing to raise the Traíras Formation to group status and its

Demanda de irrigação da cultura da uva na Bacia do Rio São Francisco Irrigation demand for grape crop in San Francisco River Basin

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Wallisson da S. Freitas

2006-09-01

Full Text Available Visando subsidiar o planejamento de projetos agrícolas para o dimensionamento de projetos de irrigação e a gestão de recursos hídricos, estimou-se e se espacializou a demanda de irrigação da videira (Vitis vinifera L., cv. Itália, na bacia do Rio São Francisco. Utilizaram-se séries históricas de dados de 81 estações climáticas distribuídas na bacia. Para cada estação calculou-se os valores, máximos diários e o total anual, da evapotranspiração de referência (ETo, da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc, da demanda suplementar da cultura e da demanda suplementar de irrigação (este com eficiência de 70%. Com base nos resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que: (a a ETc máxima diária variou, em grande parte da bacia, de 4,5 a 5,7 mm d-1, tendo média anual de 943 mm; (b em média, a demanda anual suplementar da cultura foi 839,5 mm, equivalente a 103,5 mm inferior à ETc; (c o fato do sistema funcionar com 70% de eficiência, em vez de 90%, implica em acréscimo estimado de 18.808.755 m³ de água por ano, somente nas microrregiões de Juazeiro, BA e Petrolina, PE.The irrigation water demand of the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Italy was estimated and spatialized in San Francisco River Basin, in order to subsidize the agricultural project planning and water resource management. Historical data series relative to 81 climatic stations distributed throughout the basin were used. The maximum daily values and the annual total values of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo, crop evapotranspiration (ETc, supplementary demand of the crop and the supplementary irrigation demand (70% efficiency were calculated for each station. According to the results, the following conclusions were drawn: (a in a large area of the basin, the maximum daily ETc varied from 4.5 to 5.7 mm d-1, with an annual mean of 943 mm; (b the supplementary annual demand of the crop averaged 839.5 mm, corresponding to 103.5 mm less than ETc; and (c the irrigation

Religious celebration and artistic virtuosity in Los Sirgueros de la Virgen sin original pecado, by Francisco Bramón

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Eduardo Francisco Hopkins Rodríguez

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract:This article tries to deepen into the rhetoric, theological and autobiographic mechanisms that lie under Los Sirgueros de la Virgen sin original pecado by Francisco Bramón (1620. A divine pastoral romance conceived to celebrate the Immaculate Conception of Mary, dogma still under debate during the XVIIth Century, but with a strong support among the Spaniards, both in Spain and its American colonies. An opportunity that Bramón grabbed not only to honor the Immaculate, but also to denounce the poor conditions that suffer authors in the New Spain through a complex erudition structure. Resumen:Este artículo intenta profundizar en los mecanismos retóricos, teológicos y autobiográfico que están detrás de Los Sirgueros de la Virgen sin original pecado de Francisco Bramón (1620. Una novela pastoril a lo divino concebida para celebrar la Inmaculada Concepción de María, dogma aún en debate en el siglo XVII, pero con una fuerte devoción entre los españoles, tanto en España como en sus colonias americanas. Una oportunidad que Bramón aprovechó no solo para honrar a la Inmaculada, sino también para denunciar las condiciones precarias de los autores en la Nueva España a través de un complejo edificio de erudición.

Understanding processes controlling sediment transports at the mouth of a highly energetic inlet system (San Francisco Bay, CA)

Science.gov (United States)

Elias, Edwin P.L.; Hansen, Jeff E.; Barnard, P.L.; Jaffee, B.E.; Schoellhamer, D.H.

2013-01-01

San Francisco Bay is one of the largest estuaries along the U.S. West Coast and is linked to the Pacific Ocean through the Golden Gate, a 100 m deep bedrock inlet. A coupled wave, flow and sediment transport model is used to quantify the sediment linkages between San Francisco Bay, the Golden Gate, and the adjacent open coast. Flow and sediment transport processes are investigated using an ensemble average of 24 climatologically derived wave cases and a 24.8 h representative tidal cycle. The model simulations show that within the inlet, flow and sediment transport is tidally dominated and driven by asymmetry of the ebb and flood tides. Peak ebb velocities exceed the peak flood velocities in the narrow Golden Gate channel as a result of flow convergence and acceleration. Persistent flow and sediment gyres at the headland tips are formed that limit sediment transfer from the ebb-tidal delta to the inlet and into the bay. The residual transport pattern in the inlet is dominated by a lateral segregation with a large ebb-dominant sediment transport (and flow) prevailing along the deeper north side of the Golden Gate channel, and smaller flood dominant transports along the shallow southern margin. The seaward edge of the ebb-tidal delta largely corresponds to the seaward extent of strong tidal flows. On the ebb-tidal delta, both waves and tidal forcing govern flow and sediment transport. Wave focusing by the ebb-tidal delta leads to strong patterns of sediment convergence and divergence along the adjacent Ocean Beach.

Modeling the Gila-San Francisco Basin using system dynamics in support of the 2004 Arizona Water Settlement Act.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tidwell, Vincent Carroll; Sun, Amy Cha-Tien; Peplinski, William J.; Klise, Geoffrey Taylor

2012-04-01

Water resource management requires collaborative solutions that cross institutional and political boundaries. This work describes the development and use of a computer-based tool for assessing the impact of additional water allocation from the Gila River and the San Francisco River prescribed in the 2004 Arizona Water Settlements Act. Between 2005 and 2010, Sandia National Laboratories engaged concerned citizens, local water stakeholders, and key federal and state agencies to collaboratively create the Gila-San Francisco Decision Support Tool. Based on principles of system dynamics, the tool is founded on a hydrologic balance of surface water, groundwater, and their associated coupling between water resources and demands. The tool is fitted with a user interface to facilitate sensitivity studies of various water supply and demand scenarios. The model also projects the consumptive use of water in the region as well as the potential CUFA (Consumptive Use and Forbearance Agreement which stipulates when and where Arizona Water Settlements Act diversions can be made) diversion over a 26-year horizon. Scenarios are selected to enhance our understanding of the potential human impacts on the rivers ecological health in New Mexico; in particular, different case studies thematic to water conservation, water rights, and minimum flow are tested using the model. The impact on potential CUFA diversions, agricultural consumptive use, and surface water availability are assessed relative to the changes imposed in the scenarios. While it has been difficult to gage the acceptance level from the stakeholders, the technical information that the model provides are valuable for facilitating dialogues in the context of the new settlement.

Trophic structure and avian communities across a salinity gradient in evaporation ponds of the San Francisco Bay estuary

Science.gov (United States)

Takekawa, John Y.; Miles, A.K.; Schoellhamer, D.H.; Athearn, N.D.; Saiki, M.K.; Duffy, W.D.; Kleinschmidt, S.; Shellenbarger, G.G.; Jannusch, C.A.

2006-01-01

Commercial salt evaporation ponds comprise a large proportion of baylands adjacent to the San Francisco Bay, a highly urbanized estuary. In the past two centuries, more than 79% of the historic tidal wetlands in this estuary have been lost. Resource management agencies have acquired more than 10 000 ha of commercial salt ponds with plans to undertake one of the largest wetland restoration projects in North America. However, these plans have created debate about the ecological importance of salt ponds for migratory bird communities in western North America. Salt ponds are unique mesohaline (5–18 g l−1) to hyperhaline (> 40 g l−1) wetlands, but little is known of their ecological structure or value. Thus, we studied decommissioned salt ponds in the North Bay of the San Francisco Bay estuary from January 1999 through November 2001. We measured water quality parameters (salinity, DO, pH, temperature), nutrient concentrations, primary productivity, zooplankton, macroinvertebrates, fish, and birds across a range of salinities from 24 to 264 g l−1. Our studies documented how unique limnological characteristics of salt ponds were related to nutrient levels, primary productivity rates, invertebrate biomass and taxa richness, prey fish, and avian predator numbers. Salt ponds were shown to have unique trophic and physical attributes that supported large numbers of migratory birds. Therefore, managers should carefully weigh the benefits of increasing habitat for native tidal marsh species with the costs of losing these unique hypersaline systems.

Francisco Martínez de la Rosa and church-state controversial relation in Spain (1834-1835

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María José Vilar García

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This study aims to provide and analyze Francisco Martínez de la Rosa’s unpublished correspondence during his term as President of the Spanish Government in the 1834-1835 biennium, maintained with Amat di San Filippo Luigi, nuncio in Spain, and kept in the Vatican Secret Archives. Such correspondence consists of three letters with official mail format, although they could be considered rather confidential for their content. In these documents, the Spanish government strives, albeit unsuccessfully, to achieve recognition by Rome of Elizabeth II of Spain and his liberal regime. And last but not least, in this paper, it is also noteworthy to highlight the urgent need to fill the many vacant Dioceses in Spain.

Data from theodolite measurements of creep rates on San Francisco Bay region faults, California, 1979-2012

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McFarland, Forrest S.; Lienkaemper, James J.; Caskey, S. John

2009-01-01

Our purpose is to annually update our creep-data archive on San Francisco Bay region active faults for use by the scientific research community. Earlier data (1979-2001) were reported in Galehouse (2002) and were analyzed and described in detail in a summary report (Galehouse and Lienkaemper, 2003). A complete analysis of our earlier results obtained on the Hayward Fault was presented in Lienkaemper, Galehouse and Simpson (2001) and updated in Lienkaemper and others (2012). Lienkaemper and others (2014a) provide a new overview and analysis of fault creep along all sections of the northern San Andreas Fault system, from which they estimate by how much fault creep reduces the seismic hazard for each fault section.

Estimativa da evapotranspiração da cultura da mangueira no Vale do São Francisco | Estimation of the mango crop evapotranspiration in the São Francisco Valley

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Jucicléia Soares da Silva

2016-04-01

Although irrigation is a primary factor of production, a large part of the producers still wields no technical inputs consistent with soil and climatic conditions in the São Francisco Valley. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify the relationship between climate variables and the hose from the crop evapotranspiration in all phenological phases. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology Pernambucano Backwoods, Campus Rural Zone situated in the Irrigated Perimeter Senator Nilo Coelho in Petrolina - PE, were found 1.3 hectares of mango orchard production area, the system irrigation was used for the sprinkler. For irrigation scheduling a weather station was used, with solar radiation sensors, temperature and relative humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed and direction and precipitation. To estimate the reference evapotranspiration, we used the Penman-Monteith. The evapotranspiration values of culture, were determined by reference evapotranspiration and crop coefficient for each phenological stage. The crop evapotranspiration was lower than the reference evapotranspiration in all growth stages of the mango, with the average of 3.8 and 5.3 mm/day respectively.

Examen de auditoría integral al Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado Parroquial Rural de San Francisco de Sigsipamba

OpenAIRE

Lomas Paz, Rita Lucía

2014-01-01

La investigación realizada de auditoría integral al Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado Parroquial Rural de San Francisco de Sigsipamba, se desarrolló considerando la planificación que está encaminada al análisis del control interno; al cumplimiento de las disposiciones legales, y demás normas aplicables en la entidad; y de las metas u objetivos propuestos, además determinará la razonabilidad de las cifras de los estados financieras, investigación que servirá de herramienta para mejorar los sis...

Diagnostico de flora, fauna terrestre y aves marinas en el Área Marina Costera Protegida Francisco Coloane. Informe Final.

OpenAIRE

2007-01-01

De acuerdo con el compromiso contraído por la Fundación Centro de Estudios del Cuaternario Fuego-Patagonia y Antártica (CEQUA) ante la Secretaría Ministerial de Bienes Nacionales XII Región Magallanes y Antártica Chilena, se eleva a consideración de la Unidad Técnica el presente informe que contiene las siguientes partes: a.-Identificar espacialmente los tipos de hábitat en el AMCP “Francisco Coloane”. b.- Determinar la distribución y abundancia relativa de las poblaciones de ...

Geographies of displacement: Latina/os, oral history, and the politics of gentrification in San Francisco's Mission District.

Science.gov (United States)

Mirabal, Nancy Raquel

2009-05-01

During the 1990s and early 2000s, working-class and poor neighborhoods in San Francisco underwent dramatic economic and racial changes. One of the most heavily gentrified neighborhoods was the Mission District. As a result of local politics, housing and rental policies, real estate speculation, and development, thousands of Latina/o families were displaced. Using oral historical and ethnographic methodologies, print media, archival sources, and policy papers, this article traces the gentrification of the Mission District from the perspective of the Latina/o community. It also examines how gentrification was articulated as a positive turn within the larger public discourse on space and access.

Ius est idem quod dominium: Conrado Summenhart, Francisco de Vitoria y la conquista de América

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Tellkamp, Jörg Alejandro

2009-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se argumenta que la concepción que Francisco de Vitoria formula acerca de la Conquista de América se basa en nociones que provienen de varias fuentes de los siglos XIV y XV. Una de las más importantes es el Opus septipertitum de contractibus del teólogo alemán Conrado Summenhart a quien Vitoria cita con frecuencia. Al contrastar ambos autores se pone en evidencia que la bases terminológicas para asir los problemas relacionados con el derecho a la propiedad, el dominio, surge en buena parte del debate del maestro salmantino con Summenhart

Foreign Language Folio. A Guide to Cultural Resources and Field Trip Opportunities in the San Francisco Bay Area for Teachers and Students of Foreign Languages, 1983-85.

Science.gov (United States)

Gonzales, Tony, Ed.; O'Connor, Roger, Ed.

A listing of San Francisco area cultural resources and opportunities of use to foreign language teachers is presented. Included are the following: museums and galleries, schools, art sources, churches, clubs, cultural centers and organizations, publications and publishing companies, restaurants, food stores and markets, travel and tourism,…

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with roots of banana cultivated in the Submédio São Francisco Valley

OpenAIRE

Melo, Adriana Mayumi Yano de; Maia, Leonor Costa; Morgado, Luiz Balbino

1997-01-01

Na região do Vale do São Francisco, onde a exploração da agricultura irrigada é a principal responsável pela alta produção de frutas para exportação, a banana é uma das culturas que mais tem se expandido em área cultivada. Com o objetivo de registrar os fungos micorrízicos arbusculares associados a essa cultura, foram coletadas, sob a parte aérea da bananeira, amostras de solo da rizosfera, em quatro áreas com diferentes características de solo, sendo identificadas as espécies: Acaulospora lo...

Interview with Jennie E. Rodríguez, Executive Director of the Mission Cultural Center for Latino Arts, San Francisco, CA, USA, August 15, 2001 Entretien avec Jennie E. Rodríguez, directrice, Mission Cultural Center for Latino Arts, San Francisco, CA, États-Unis

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Gérard Selbach

2009-10-01

Full Text Available ForewordThe Mission Cultural Center for Latino Arts (MCCLA is located at 2868 Mission Street in San Francisco, in a district mainly inhabited by Hispanics and well-known for its numerous murals. The Center was founded in 1977 by artists and community activists who shared “the vision to promote, preserve and develop the Latino cultural arts that reflect the living tradition and experiences of Chicano, Central and South American, and Caribbean people.”August 2001 was as busy at the Center as a...

Macroinvertebrate Prey Availability and Fish Diet Selectivity in Relation to Environmental Variables in Natural and Restoring North San Francisco Bay Tidal Marsh Channels

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Emily R. Howe; Charles A. Simenstad; Jason D. Toft; Jeffrey R. Cordell; Stephen M. Bollens

2014-01-01

Tidal marsh wetlands provide important foraging habitat for a variety of estuarine fishes. Prey organisms include benthic–epibenthic macroinvertebrates, neustonic arthropods, and zooplankton. Little is known about the abundance and distribution of interior marsh macroinvertebrate communities in the San Francisco Estuary (estuary). We describe seasonal, regional, and site variation in the composition and abundance of neuston and benthic–epibenthic macroinvertebrates that inhabit tidal marsh ch...

Modelos estimados de análisis de supervivencia para el tiempo de permanencia de los estudiantes de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander

OpenAIRE

Mawency Vergel Ortega; José Joaquín Martínez Lozano; Eduardo Ibargüen Mondragón

2016-01-01

The article shows factors associated with college desertion. The survival analysis technique allowed to perform a study with students from different programs at the Francisco de Paula Santander University, considering the events: semester, abandonment, punishment, punishment - abandonment. Using the Kaplan-Meier estimator [1], the survival function for each event of interest was estimated and desertion models whose variables were significant at 10% using the semi-parametric met...

Las javieradas como caso de estudio

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Mª Cruz Porcal Gonzalo

2006-01-01

Full Text Available A pesar de su todavía modesta participación en la economía y en el empleo regional, el turismo en Navarra ha mostrado durante los últimos años un significativo dinamismo tal y como, por ejemplo, lo testimonia el incremento del número de visitantes y de las empresas turísticas. Favorecido por una serie de circunstancias de índole variada, este desarrollo turístico se sustenta en una gran diversidad geográfica y cultural patente en los paisajes, el arte, las fiestas, la gastronomía, etc. Pero Navarra es, a su vez, una región que secularmente ha otorgado un gran peso a la tradición y a las creencias religiosas. En este contexto, algunas de las numerosas acciones emprendidas por la administración regional para dinamizar el sector turístico se han encaminado a revalorizar dos importantes legados culturales: el castillo de Javier y el Camino de Santiago. Se aprecia que ambos se hallan estrechamente relacionados con el turismo cultural, el turismo religioso y las peregrinaciones, unos fenómenos que hunden sus raíces en tiempos pasados pero que continúan teniendo en la actualidad una indudable relevancia a escala mundial. La intención primordial del presente trabajo es analizar el turismo de peregrinaciones en Navarra, más concretamente, el que tiene como destino del viaje la cuna de San Francisco Javier. Con dicho afán, se realiza una reflexión conceptual previa y un breve repaso de las fiestas y tradiciones religiosas que forman parte del patrimonio cultural intangible de Navarra, haciendo particular hincapié en las romerías y en el Camino de Santiago. Al hilo de ello, se afronta, a continuación, el estudio de la peregrinación más singular y populosa de Navarra: la Javierada. Su origen, sus principales rasgos, el perfil y las motivaciones de los peregrinos, los caracteres e hitos más importantes del recorrido, las peculiaridades del destino —entendido como lugar sagrado y espacio turístico— constituyen las principales

The humanist emergentism of Javier Monserrat

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Carlos Beorlegui

2016-02-01

Full Text Available J. Monserrat is the most significant and consistent representative of the emergentist paradigm in our cultural context. He defends a humanist emergentism, which he has deepened from the level of neuronal engrams to later agree with the postulates on quantum neurology by Penrose and Hameroff. This article will present the main arguments supported by J. Monserrat, within the context of the ample paradigm of systemic emergentism. It will show how this paradigm allows him to defend a humanist and believing anthropological model in a more adequate way.

Status and understanding of groundwater quality in the San Francisco Bay groundwater basins, 2007—California GAMA Priority Basin Project

Science.gov (United States)

Parsons, Mary C.; Kulongoski, Justin T.; Belitz, Kenneth

2013-01-01

Groundwater quality in the approximately 620-square-mile (1,600-square-kilometer) San Francisco Bay study unit was investigated as part of the Priority Basin Project of the Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program. The study unit is located in the Southern Coast Ranges of California, in San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara, Alameda, and Contra Costa Counties. The GAMA Priority Basin Project is being conducted by the California State Water Resources Control Board in collaboration with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The GAMA San Francisco Bay study was designed to provide a spatially unbiased assessment of the quality of untreated groundwater within the primary aquifer system, as well as a statistically consistent basis for comparing water quality throughout the State. The assessment is based on water-quality and ancillary data collected by the USGS from 79 wells in 2007 and is supplemented with water-quality data from the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) database. The primary aquifer system is defined by the depth interval of the wells listed in the CDPH database for the San Francisco Bay study unit. The quality of groundwater in shallower or deeper water-bearing zones may differ from that in the primary aquifer system; shallower groundwater may be more vulnerable to surficial contamination. The first component of this study, the status of the current quality of the groundwater resource, was assessed by using data from samples analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides, and naturally occurring inorganic constituents, such as major ions and trace elements. Water- quality data from the CDPH database also were incorporated for this assessment. This status assessment is intended to characterize the quality of groundwater resources within the primary aquifer system of the San Francisco Bay study unit, not the treated drinking water delivered to consumers by water

Distribution and Invasion Potential of Limonium ramosissimum subsp. provinciale in San Francisco Estuary Salt Marshes

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Gavin Archbald

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Non-native sea lavenders (Limonium spp. are invasive in salt marshes of southern California and were first documented in the San Francisco Estuary (the estuary in 2007. In this study, we mapped distributions of L. ramosissimum subsp. provinciale (LIRA and L. duriusculum within the estuary and investigated how the invasion potential of the more common species, LIRA, varies with elevation and edaphic conditions. We contacted colleagues and conducted field searches to find and then map sea lavender populations. In addition, we measured LIRA’s elevational range at three salt marshes. Across this range we measured (1 soil properties: salinity, moisture, bulk density, and texture; and (2 indicators of invasion potential: LIRA size, seed production, percent cover, spread (over 1 year, recruitment, and competition with native halophytes (over 6 months. We found LIRA in 15,144 m2 of upper salt marsh habitat in central and south San Francisco bays and L. duriusculum in 511 m2 in Richardson and San Pablo bays. LIRA was distributed from mean high water (MHW to 0.42 m above mean higher high water (MHHW. In both spring and summer, soil moisture and salinity were lowest at higher elevations within LIRA’s range, which corresponded with greater rosette size, inflorescence and seed production (up to 17,400 seeds per plant, percent cover, and recruitment. LIRA cover increased on average by 11% in 1 year across marshes and elevations. Cover of the native halophytes Salicornia pacifica, Jaumea carnosa, and Distichlis spicata declined significantly at all elevations if LIRA were present in plots (over a 6-month, fall–winter period. Results suggest LIRA’s invasion potential is highest above MHHW where salinity and moisture are lower, but that LIRA competes with native plants from MHW to above MHHW. We recommend removal efforts with emphasis on the salt marsh-terrestrial ecotone where LIRA seed output is highest.

Does Wind Discourage Sustainable Transportation Mode Choice? Findings from San Francisco, California, USA

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Hyungkyoo Kim

2016-03-01

Full Text Available This paper explores whether and to what extent wind discourages sustainable transportation mode choice, which includes riding public transportation, bicycling, and walking. A six month-long field study was carried out at four locations in San Francisco, a city that has been promoting sustainable transportation mode choice but that experiences high wind levels. It involved surveying pedestrians and on-site recording of microclimate data using various instruments. The survey adopted a mixed-method approach to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. Statistical analyses using Kruskal Wallis tests and ordinal logistic regression models identified the significant effect of wind speed on San Francisco’s residents in estimating their discouragement for waiting at transit stop without shelter, bicycling, and walking. Qualitative data revealed a deeper understanding of how wind influences their sustainable transportation mode choice. This research argues for the need to adopt climate-based efforts in urban planning and policy and sheds light on the climate resilience of cities

Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em bananeiras cultivadas no Vale do Submédio São Francisco Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with roots of banana cultivated in the Submédio São Francisco Valley

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Adriana Mayumi Yano de Melo

1997-12-01

Full Text Available Na região do Vale do São Francisco, onde a exploração da agricultura irrigada é a principal responsável pela alta produção de frutas para exportação, a banana é uma das culturas que mais tem se expandido em área cultivada. Com o objetivo de registrar os fungos micorrízicos arbusculares associados a essa cultura, foram coletadas, sob a parte aérea da bananeira, amostras de solo da rizosfera, em quatro áreas com diferentes características de solo, sendo identificadas as espécies: Acaulospora longula Spain & Schenck, A. morrowiae Spain & Schenck, A. rehmii Sieverding & Toro, A. scrobiculata Trappe, A. spinosa Walker & Trappe, A. tuberculata Janos & Trappe, Entrophospora infrequens (Hall Ames & Schneider, Gigaspora ramisporophora Spain, Sieverding & Schenck, Glomus diaphanum Morton & Walker, G. etunicatum Becker & Gerd., G. intraradices Schenck & Smith, G. macrocarpum Tui. & Tui., G. mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd. Gerd. & Trappe, G. occultum Walker e Scutellospora sp. A percentagem de colonização das raízes de bananeiras nas diferentes áreas foi em média 55%.In the region of the São Francisco Valley, where irrigated agriculture is responsable for high production of fruits for exportation, banana is one of the most expanded crops in cultivated areas. In order to know the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with this crop, samples from the rhizosphere of banana plants were collected in four areas with different soil characteristics, being identified the species: Acaulospora longula Spain & Schenck, A. morrowiae Spain & Schenck, A. rehmii Sieverding & Toro, A. scrobiculata Trappe, A. spinosa Walker & Trappe, A. tuberculata Janos & Trappe, Entrophospora infrequens (Hall Ames & Schneider, Gigaspora ramisporophora Spain, Sieverding & Schenck, Glomus diaphanum Morton & Walker, G. etunicatum Becker & Gerd., G. intraradices Schenck & Smith, G. macrocarpum Tui. & Tui., G. mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd. Gerd. & Trappe, G. occultum Walker and

Sediment transport patterns in the San Francisco Bay Coastal System from cross-validation of bedform asymmetry and modeled residual flux

Science.gov (United States)

Barnard, Patrick L.; Erikson, Li H.; Elias, Edwin P.L.; Dartnell, Peter; Barnard, P.L.; Jaffee, B.E.; Schoellhamer, D.H.

2013-01-01

The morphology of ~ 45,000 bedforms from 13 multibeam bathymetry surveys was used as a proxy for identifying net bedload sediment transport directions and pathways throughout the San Francisco Bay estuary and adjacent outer coast. The spatially-averaged shape asymmetry of the bedforms reveals distinct pathways of ebb and flood transport. Additionally, the region-wide, ebb-oriented asymmetry of 5% suggests net seaward-directed transport within the estuarine-coastal system, with significant seaward asymmetry at the mouth of San Francisco Bay (11%), through the northern reaches of the Bay (7–8%), and among the largest bedforms (21% for λ > 50 m). This general indication for the net transport of sand to the open coast strongly suggests that anthropogenic removal of sediment from the estuary, particularly along clearly defined seaward transport pathways, will limit the supply of sand to chronically eroding, open-coast beaches. The bedform asymmetry measurements significantly agree (up to ~ 76%) with modeled annual residual transport directions derived from a hydrodynamically-calibrated numerical model, and the orientation of adjacent, flow-sculpted seafloor features such as mega-flute structures, providing a comprehensive validation of the technique. The methods described in this paper to determine well-defined, cross-validated sediment transport pathways can be applied to estuarine-coastal systems globally where bedforms are present. The results can inform and improve regional sediment management practices to more efficiently utilize often limited sediment resources and mitigate current and future sediment supply-related impacts.

Data Files for Ground-Motion Simulations of the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake and Scenario Earthquakes on the Northern San Andreas Fault

Science.gov (United States)

Aagaard, Brad T.; Barall, Michael; Brocher, Thomas M.; Dolenc, David; Dreger, Douglas; Graves, Robert W.; Harmsen, Stephen; Hartzell, Stephen; Larsen, Shawn; McCandless, Kathleen; Nilsson, Stefan; Petersson, N. Anders; Rodgers, Arthur; Sjogreen, Bjorn; Zoback, Mary Lou

2009-01-01

This data set contains results from ground-motion simulations of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, seven hypothetical earthquakes on the northern San Andreas Fault, and the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. The bulk of the data consists of synthetic velocity time-histories. Peak ground velocity on a 1/60th degree grid and geodetic displacements from the simulations are also included. Details of the ground-motion simulations and analysis of the results are discussed in Aagaard and others (2008a,b).

San Francisco Estuary Striped Bass Migration History Determined by Electron-microprobe Analysis of Otolith Sr/Ca Ratio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ostrach, D J; Phillis, C C; Weber, P K; Ingram, B L; Zinkl, J G

2004-09-17

Habitat use has been shown to be an important factor in the bioaccumulation of contaminants in striped bass. This study examines migration in striped bass as part of a larger study investigating bioaccumulation and maternal transfer of xenobiotics to progeny in the San Francisco Estuary system. Habitat use, residence time and spawning migration over the life of females (n = 23) was studied. Female striped bass were collected between Knights Landing and Colusa on the Sacramento River during the spawning runs of 1999 and 2001. Otoliths were removed, processed and aged via otolith microstructure. Subsequently, otoliths were analyzed for strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) ratio using an electron-microprobe to measure salinity exposure and to distinguish freshwater, estuary, and marine habitat use. Salinity exposure during the last year before capture was examined more closely for comparison of habitat use by the maternal parent to contaminant burden transferred to progeny. Results were selectively confirmed by ion microprobe analyses for habitat use. The Sr/Ca data demonstrate a wide range of migratory patterns. Age of initial ocean entry differs among individuals before returning to freshwater, presumably to spawn. Some fish reside in freshwater year-round, while others return to more saline habitats and make periodic migrations to freshwater. Frequency of habitat shifts and residence times differs among fish, as well as over the lifetime of individual fish. While at least one fish spent its final year in freshwater, the majority of spawning fish spent their final year in elevated salinity. However, not all fish migrated to freshwater to spawn in the previous year. Results from this investigation concerning migration history in striped bass can be combined with contaminant and histological developmental analyses to better understand the bioaccumulation of contaminants and the subsequent effects they and habitat use have on fish populations in the San Francisco Estuary system.

Un proyecto de Francisco Prieto-Moreno de cuatro casas en la Huerta de los Ángeles

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Miguel Ángel Sorroche Cuerva

2009-12-01

Full Text Available La realización de promociones de viviendas en algunos sectores de Granada, adquirió unas especiales características en el barrio del Realejo. En torno a la calle Molinos se consolidó en los años cuarenta del siglo XX, un modelo de urbanización con viviendas unifamiliares que adquirió tintes de lujo, curiosamente a partir de iniciativas sociales. La presencia de arquitectos como Francisco Prieto-Moreno, habla de las pretensiones de algunos de estos proyectos que ayudaron a conformar la imagen residencial de esta zona de Granada, y que a lo largo del siglo XIX comenzaría a configurar el aspecto que hoy la caracteriza.

Serum biomarkers of polyfluoroalkyl compound exposure in young girls in Greater Cincinnati and the San Francisco Bay Area, USA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pinney, Susan M.; Biro, Frank M.; Windham, Gayle C.; Herrick, Robert L.; Yaghjyan, Lusine; Calafat, Antonia M.; Succop, Paul; Sucharew, Heidi; Ball, Kathleen M.; Kato, Kayoko

2014-01-01

PFC serum concentrations were measured in 6–8 year-old girls in Greater Cincinnati (GC) (N = 353) and the San Francisco Bay Area (SFBA) (N = 351). PFOA median concentration was lower in the SFBA than GC (5.8 vs. 7.3 ng/mL). In GC, 48/51 girls living in one area had PFOA concentrations above the NHANES 95th percentile for children 12–19 years (8.4 ng/mL), median 22.0 ng/mL. The duration of being breast fed was associated with higher serum PFOA at both sites and with higher PFOS, PFHxS and Me-PFOSA-AcOH concentrations in GC. Correlations of the PFC analytes with each other suggest that a source upriver from GC may have contributed to exposures through drinking water, and water treatment with granular activated carbon filtration resulted in less exposure for SWO girls compared to those in NKY. PFOA has been characterized as a drinking water contaminant, and water treatment systems effective in removing PFCs will reduce body burdens. -- Highlights: • PFC serum concentrations were measured in 6–8 year-old girls. • Study sites in Greater Cincinnati (N = 353) and the San Francisco Bay Area (N = 351). • The duration of being breast fed was associated with higher serum PFOA. • Lower PFOA in girls living in areas with granular activated carbon water treatment. -- Serum concentrations of PFCs in young girls were higher in girls who had been breast fed longer, and lower in girls in areas with granular activated carbon municipal water treatment

Modeling Sulfides, pH and Hydrogen Sulfide Gas in the Sewers of San Francisco

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Vollertsen, Jes; Revilla, Nohemy; Hvitved-Jacobsen, Thorkild

2015-01-01

An extensive measuring campaign targeted on sewer odor problems was undertaken in San Francisco. It was assessed whether a conceptual sewer process model could reproduce the measured concentrations of total sulfide in the wastewater and H2S gas in the sewer atmosphere, and to which degree...... such simulations have potential for further improving odor and sulfide management. The campaign covered measurement of wastewater sulfide by grab sampling and diurnal sampling, and H2S gas in the sewer atmosphere was logged. The tested model was based on the Wastewater Aerobic/Anaerobic Transformations in Sewers...... (WATS) sewer process concept, which never had been calibrated to such an extensive dataset. The study showed that the model was capable of reproducing the general levels of wastewater sulfide, wastewater pH, and sewer H2S gas. It could also reproduce the general variability of these parameters, albeit...

Simulation of ridesourcing using agent-based demand and supply regional models : potential market demand for first-mile transit travel and reduction in vehicle miles traveled in the San Francisco Bay Area.

Science.gov (United States)

2016-01-01

In this study, we use existing modeling tools and data from the San Francisco Bay Area : (California) to understand the potential market demand for a first mile transit access service : and possible reductions in vehicle miles traveled (VMT) (a...

Translators and teachers of languages: grammars and vocabularies, Francisco de la Torre y Ocón (1728-1731 Traductores y maestros de lenguas: gramáticas y vocabularios, el caso de Francisco de la Torre y Ocón (1728-1731

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M.ª del Carmen CAZORLA VIVAS

2013-03-01

Full Text Available The 18th Century has not been studied in depth by experts on Historical Linguistics. However, this is a fruitful and important period in the history of dictionaries as far as lexicography is concerned. The present paper focuses on the lexicographer and translator Francisco de la Torre y Ocón (1660-1725 and his work El maestro de las dos lenguas. Diccionario español y francés en dos tomos. (1726-1728. The work by this renowned author will be analyzed within the framework of its historical and linguistic period (first half of the 18th Century. His approach to lexicography will be similarly analyzed with the aim of contributing to a better understanding of bilingual (French-Spanish lexicography.El siglo XVIII, dejando a un lado la labor académica, no ha sido estudiado en profundidad todavía por parte de los estudiosos de la historia de la lengua. Sin embargo, al menos en lo que a lexicografía se refiere, es una época fecunda y muy importante para la historia de los diccionarios. En el trabajo que proponemos vamos a tratar de un maestro de lenguas, gramático, lexicógrafo y traductor, concretamente Francisco de la Torre y Ocón (1660-1725, y de su obra El maestro de las dos lenguas. Diccionario español y francés en dos tomos. (1726-1728. Situaremos la labor de este autor en su contexto histórico (la primera mitad del siglo XVIII y lingüístico y analizaremos su labor lexicográfica (descripción metalexicográfica, tipo de léxico incluido, definiciones, marcas, etc. con el fin de contribuir a un mejor conocimiento de la lexicografía bilingüe francés-español.

Root distribution of irrigated grapevine rootstocks in a coarse texture soil of the São Francisco Valley, Brazil Distribuição radicular de porta-enxertos de videiras irrigadas em um solo de textura arenosa do Vale do São Francisco

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LUÍS HENRIQUE BASSOI

2002-04-01

Full Text Available An experiment was carried out to determine the root distribution of four grapevine rootstocks (Salt Creek, Dogridge, Courdec 1613, IAC 572 in a coarse texture soil of a commercial growing area in Petrolina County, São Francisco Valley, Brazil. Rootstocks were grafted to a seedless table grape cv. Festival, and irrigated by microsprinkler. Roots were quantified by the trench wall method aided by digital image analysis. Results indicated that roots reached 1 m depth, but few differences among rootstocks were found. All of them presented at least 90 % of the roots distributed until 0.6 m depth, with a greater root presence in the first 0.4 m. The upper 0.6 m can be taken into account as the effective rooting depth for soil and water management.Um experimento foi conduzido para se determinar a distribuição radicular de quatro porta-enxertos (Salt Creek, Dogridge, Courdec 1613, IAC 572 em um solo de textura arenosa, em um plantio comercial em Petrolina - PE, no Vale do São Francisco. Os porta-enxertos foram enxertados com a cv. de uva de mesa sem sementes Festival, e irrigados por microaspersão. As raízes foram quantificadas pelo método da parede da trincheira auxiliado pela análise de imagem digital. Os resultados indicaram que as raízes atingiram 1 m de profundidade, mas poucas diferenças entre os porta-enxertos foram observadas. Cerca de 90% do sistema radicular de todos os porta-enxertos estavam distribuídos até 0,6 m de profundidade, mas houve uma grande presença de raízes até 0,4 m. A camada superficial de solo de 0,6 m pode ser considerada como a profundidade efetiva do sistema radicular para fins de manejo de solo e água.

Hematology, micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in fishes from São Francisco river, Minas Gerais state, Brazil = Hematologia, micronúcleos e anomalias nucleares em peixes do rio São Francisco, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil

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Robson Seriani

2011-01-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to determine the variables leukocytary, erythrocytary, frequency of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in peripheral erythrocytes of Prochilodus argenteus, Pimelodus maculatus and Myleus micans from São Francisco river basin, Minas Gerais State, during the summer and winter. Thrombocytes, hematocrit and leukocyte of P.argenteus series, was influenced by climatic conditions. In P. maculatus, not were significant differences for all leukocytes and thrombocytes. In M. micans, values are unprecedented in the literature, with MCV and absolute number of leukocytes found superior to other species of the family Characidae. The frequency of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in erythrocytes, the three species not showed seasonal differences between the sites. However, the highest values were found in summer. Furthermore, we observed a positive correlation between the increase in the percentage of micronuclei with nuclear abnormalities.O presente estudo teve como objetivo, determinar as variáveis leucocitárias, eritrocíticas, freqüência de micronúcleos e anomaliasnucleares nos eritrócitos do sangue periférico de Prochilodus argenteus, Pimelodus maculatus e Myleus micans de um trecho da bacia do rio São Francisco, Minas Gerais, no verão e inverno. Trombóctios, hematócrito e a serie leucocítária de P.argenteus, foi influenciado pela sazonalidade. Em P. maculatus, não ocorreram diferenças significativas para todos os leucócitos e trombócitos. Em M. micans, os valores são inéditos na literatura, apresentando VCM e número absoluto de leucócitos superior ao encontrados para outras espécies dafamília Characidae. A freqüência de micronúcleos e de anomalias nucleares nos eritrócitos, nas três espécies não apresentou diferenças sazonais e entre os pontos amostrais. No entanto, os valores mais altos foram encontrados no verão. Além disso, foi possível observar correlação positiva entre o aumento da

The Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy in a Cohort of HIV Infected Patients Going in and out of the San Francisco County Jail

OpenAIRE

Pant Pai, Nitika; Estes, Milton; Moodie, Erica E. M.; Reingold, Arthur L.; Tulsky, Jacqueline P.

2009-01-01

Background Jails are an important venue of HIV care and a place for identification, treatment and referral for care. HIV infected inmates in the San Francisco County jail are offered antiretroviral treatment (ART), which many take only while in jail. We evaluated the effect of ART administration in a cohort of jail inmates going in and out of jail over a nine year period. Methodology/Principal Findings In this retrospective study, we examined inmates with HIV going in and out of jail. Inmates...

Prediction of maximum earthquake intensities for the San Francisco Bay region

Science.gov (United States)

Borcherdt, Roger D.; Gibbs, James F.

1975-01-01

The intensity data for the California earthquake of April 18, 1906, are strongly dependent on distance from the zone of surface faulting and the geological character of the ground. Considering only those sites (approximately one square city block in size) for which there is good evidence for the degree of ascribed intensity, the empirical relation derived between 1906 intensities and distance perpendicular to the fault for 917 sites underlain by rocks of the Franciscan Formation is: Intensity = 2.69 - 1.90 log (Distance) (km). For sites on other geologic units intensity increments, derived with respect to this empirical relation, correlate strongly with the Average Horizontal Spectral Amplifications (AHSA) determined from 99 three-component recordings of ground motion generated by nuclear explosions in Nevada. The resulting empirical relation is: Intensity Increment = 0.27 +2.70 log (AHSA), and average intensity increments for the various geologic units are -0.29 for granite, 0.19 for Franciscan Formation, 0.64 for the Great Valley Sequence, 0.82 for Santa Clara Formation, 1.34 for alluvium, 2.43 for bay mud. The maximum intensity map predicted from these empirical relations delineates areas in the San Francisco Bay region of potentially high intensity from future earthquakes on either the San Andreas fault or the Hazard fault.

Prediction of maximum earthquake intensities for the San Francisco Bay region

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Borcherdt, R.D.; Gibbs, J.F.

1975-01-01

The intensity data for the California earthquake of Apr 18, 1906, are strongly dependent on distance from the zone of surface faulting and the geological character of the ground. Considering only those sites (approximately one square city block in size) for which there is good evidence for the degree of ascribed intensity, the empirical relation derived between 1906 intensities and distance perpendicular to the fault for 917 sites underlain by rocks of the Franciscan formation is intensity = 2.69 - 1.90 log (distance) (km). For sites on other geologic units, intensity increments, derived with respect to this empirical relation, correlate strongly with the average horizontal spectral amplifications (AHSA) determined from 99 three-component recordings of ground motion generated by nuclear explosions in Nevada. The resulting empirical relation is intensity increment = 0.27 + 2.70 log (AHSA), and average intensity increments for the various geologic units are -0.29 for granite, 0.19 for Franciscan formation, 0.64 for the Great Valley sequence, 0.82 for Santa Clara formation, 1.34 for alluvium, and 2.43 for bay mud. The maximum intensity map predicted from these empirical relations delineates areas in the San Francisco Bay region of potentially high intensity from future earthquakes on either the San Andreas fault or the Hayward fault.

The BOOTES-5 telescope at San Pedro Martir National Astronomical Observatory, Mexico

Science.gov (United States)

Hiriart, D.; Valdez, J.; Martínez, B.; García, B.; Cordova, A.; Colorado, E.; Guisa, G.; Ochoa, J. L.; Nuñez, J. M.; Ceseña, U.; Cunniffe, R.; Murphy, D.; Lee, W.; Park, Il H.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.

2016-12-01

BOOTES-5 is the fifth robotic observatory of the international network of robotic telescopes BOOTES (Burst Observer and Optical Transient Exploring Optical System). It is located at the National Astronomical Observatory at Sierra San Pedro Martir, Baja California, Mexico. It was dedicated on November 26, 2015 and it is in the process of testing. Its main scientific objective is the observation and monitoring of the optic counterparts of gamma-ray bursts as quickly as possible once they have been detected from space or other ground-based observatories. BOOTES-5 fue nombrado Telescopio Javier Gorosabel en memoria del astrónomo español Javier Gorosabel Urkia.

The sculptor Francisco Elías Vallejo (1782-1858. State of the art and new contributions

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Myriam Ferreira Fernández

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Francisco Elías Vallejo was a prominent sculptor who worked in the first half of the XIXth century. He studied at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando and developed a long career as a Court Sculptor and as a teacher at the Royal Academy, where he was Director of Sculpture and, twice, General Director. In this paper, information from publications about him is recollected and completed with data extracted from archives and historic press. The objective is to complete the lack of information about his life, for instance, his education in his village before his trip to Madrid. Furthermore, information about his artist activity is ranked and summarized to make a list of their works as complete as possible, so that subsequent studies can base on it.

Conflitos socioambientais no extrativismo da aroeira (Schinus terebebinthifolius Raddi, Baixo São Francisco - Sergipe/Alagoas

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Nádia Batista de Jesus

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Esta pesquisa analisou os conflitos socioambientais envolvidos no extrativismo da aroeira no Baixo São Francisco, Sergipe e Alagoas. A pesquisa aconteceu entre os anos de 2001 e 2011, por meio da realização de entrevistas com os atores envolvidos e pesquisa documental. As informações foram analisadas quanto à conduta diante do extrativismo e tipificação dos conflitos. A ausência de normatização para o manejo da espécie é o fator central gerador do conflito que se dá pela apropriação e acesso à aroeira. Os pescadores que são também extrativistas coletam a espécie como um recurso econômico e as empresas processadoras - exportadoras como mercadoria. Existem conflitos entre esferas de governo quanto às competências para normatização do licenciamento e fiscalização da atividade. Constatou-se a necessidade de formulação de uma gestão florestal sustentável para a espécie na qual se garanta o diálogo e cooperação entre os atores envolvidos.Esta investigación ha analizado los conflictos socio ambientales involucrados en el extracción de la aroeira en el Baixo São Francisco, Sergipe y Alagoas. La investigación llevó al cabo entre los años de 2001 y 2011, por medio de la realización de encuestas con los actores involucrados e investigación documental. Las informaciones han sido analizadas cuanto a la conducta delante de la extracción y tipificación de los conflictos. La ausencia de reglamentación para el manejo de la especie es el eje generador del conflicto que se da por la apropiación y acceso a la aroeira. Los pescadores que también son extractivitas colectan la especie como un recurso económico y las empresas procesadoras - exportadoras como mercadería. Hay conflictos entre esferas de gobierno cuanto a las atribuciones para reglamentación del licenciamiento y fiscalización de la actividad. Se ha constatado la necesidad de formulación de una gestión forestal sostenible para la especie en la cual se

San Francisco Biofuel Program: Brown Grease to Biodiesel Demonstration

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jolis, Domènec [San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, San Francisco, CA (United States); Martis, Mary [San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, San Francisco, CA (United States); Jones, Bonnie [San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, San Francisco, CA (United States); Miot, Alex [San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, San Francisco, CA (United States); Ving, Karri [San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, San Francisco, CA (United States); Sierra, Natalie [San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, San Francisco, CA (United States); Niobi, Morayo [San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, San Francisco, CA (United States)

2013-03-01

Municipal wastewater treatment facilities have typically been limited to the role of accepting wastewater, treating it to required levels, and disposing of its treatment residuals. However, a new view is emerging which includes wastewater treatment facilities as regional resource recovery centers. This view is a direct result of increasingly stringent regulations, concerns over energy use, carbon footprint, and worldwide depletion of fossil fuel resources. Resources in wastewater include chemical and thermal energy, as well as nutrients, and water. A waste stream such as residual grease, which concentrates in the drainage from restaurants (referred to as Trap Waste), is a good example of a resource with an energy content that can be recovered for beneficial reuse. If left in wastewater, grease accumulates inside of the wastewater collection system and can lead to increased corrosion and pipe blockages that can cause wastewater overflows. Also, grease in wastewater that arrives at the treatment facility can impair the operation of preliminary treatment equipment and is only partly removed in the primary treatment process. In addition, residual grease increases the demand in treatment materials such as oxygen in the secondary treatment process. When disposed of in landfills, grease is likely to undergo anaerobic decay prior to landfill capping, resulting in the atmospheric release of methane, a greenhouse gas (GHG). This research project was therefore conceptualized and implemented by the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission (SFPUC) to test the feasibility of energy recovery from Trap Waste in the form of Biodiesel or Methane gas.

Ordenamento Territorial Ambiental Sustentável no Bioma Pampa: Estudo de Caso, São Francisco de Assis – RS, Brasil.

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Mg. Arq. Amélia Simões Schwertner

2013-04-01

Full Text Available O Bioma Pampa, tombado pela UNESCO (2008 se estende desde o Sul do Brasil aos países vizinhos Uruguai e Argentina. São Francisco de Assis, município da Metade Sul do Rio Grande do Sul, possui em seu território uma área de importante fragilidade ambiental: a zona de amortecimento entre a Mata Atlântica e o Bioma Pampa. Na sede urbana de São Francisco de Assis aconteceu um caso inusitado: um bando de bugios fez da sua praça central seu habitat. Adotados, a população urbana tomou para si a identidade «Querência do Bugio». Este fato levou os Planejadores Urbanos a questionar-se do por que estes animais não permaneciam nas matas, seu local de origem -o desmatamento a degradação ambiental. Ao redor do sítio urbano, ao longo de três mananciais hídricos foi criado o Parque Municipal do Bugio e por prolongamentos destes mananciais aos bosques mais distantes na zona rural, corredores ecológicos. Propostas de ordenamento territorial determinaram diretrizes para reposição florestal, recuperação das matas ciliares e de inúmeras voçorocas que provocavam degradação do solo e um crescente processo de arenização. A presença de bugios na praça desencadeou um processo de recuperação e consciência ambiental na preservação do Bioma Pampa e identidade local

Slicing up the San Francisco Bay Area: Block kinematics and fault slip rates from GPS-derived surface velocities

Science.gov (United States)

d'Alessio, M. A.; Johanson, I.A.; Burgmann, R.; Schmidt, D.A.; Murray, M.H.

2005-01-01

Observations of surface deformation allow us to determine the kinematics of faults in the San Francisco Bay Area. We present the Bay Area velocity unification (BA??VU??, "bay view"), a compilation of over 200 horizontal surface velocities computed from campaign-style and continuous Global Positioning System (GPS) observations from 1993 to 2003. We interpret this interseismic velocity field using a three-dimensional block model to determine the relative contributions of block motion, elastic strain accumulation, and shallow aseismic creep. The total relative motion between the Pacific plate and the rigid Sierra Nevada/Great Valley (SNGV) microplate is 37.9 ?? 0.6 mm yr-1 directed toward N30.4??W ?? 0.8?? at San Francisco (??2??). Fault slip rates from our preferred model are typically within the error bounds of geologic estimates but provide a better fit to geodetic data (notable right-lateral slip rates in mm yr-1: San Gregorio fault, 2.4 ?? 1.0; West Napa fault, 4.0 ?? 3.0; zone of faulting along the eastern margin of the Coast Range, 5.4 ?? 1.0; and Mount Diablo thrust, 3.9 ?? 1.0 of reverse slip and 4.0 ?? 0.2 of right-lateral strike slip). Slip on the northern Calaveras is partitioned between both the West Napa and Concord/ Green Valley fault systems. The total convergence across the Bay Area is negligible. Poles of rotation for Bay Area blocks progress systematically from the North America-Pacific to North America-SNGV poles. The resulting present-day relative motion cannot explain the strike of most Bay Area faults, but fault strike does loosely correlate with inferred plate motions at the time each fault initiated. Copyright 2005 by the American Geophysical Union.

Entre Agostino Carracci y Veronese: apuntes sobre el aprendizaje italiano de Francisco de Herrera «el Mozo»

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Fernández-Santos Ortiz-Iribas, Jorge

2005-09-01

Full Text Available The presence in Rome of Francisco de Herrera «the Younger» (1627-1685 was based until now solely on Palomino's biographical account and on stylistic evidence. Ten engraved decorative cartouches attributed to the artist (only two of which were already known, establish Herrera's sojourn in Rome to around 1649. They also shed light on his activities as an engraver, a previously unknown facet of his artistic production. Likewise, they attest to Herrera's stylistic evolution from virtual imitation of his father's (Herrera «the Elder » manner to one that becomes clearly personal under the influence of the Roman milieu. Mid-seventeenth century Rome may be also responsible for Herrera's nuanced and complex neo-Venetianism, a trait that sets him apart from his contemporaries in Spain.

La presencia de Francisco de Herrera «el Mozo» (1627-1685 en Roma se apoyaba, hasta ahora, sobre la sola base del relato de Palomino y por el propio estilo del pintor. La atribución de diez orlas ornamentales (ocho de ellas inéditas a este artista nos permite establecer su estancia romana en torno a 1649, a la vez que testimonian sobre una faceta —el grabado calcográfico— hasta ahora desconocida de la actividad de Herrera. También dan fe de la evolución del propio Herrera desde una casi total mimesis del estilo paterno hasta unas maneras ya claramente personales, influidas por el medio romano. De la Roma de mediados del siglo XVII debió de datar también el peculiar neo-venecianismo de Herrera que, por su riqueza de matices, lo singulariza con respecto a sus contemporáneos españoles.

Hydroelectric production from Brazil's São Francisco River could cease due to climate change and inter-annual variability.

Science.gov (United States)

de Jong, Pieter; Tanajura, Clemente Augusto Souza; Sánchez, Antonio Santos; Dargaville, Roger; Kiperstok, Asher; Torres, Ednildo Andrade

2018-09-01

By the end of this century higher temperatures and significantly reduced rainfall are projected for the Brazilian North and Northeast (NE) regions due to Global Warming. This study examines the impact of these long-term rainfall changes on the Brazilian Northeast's hydroelectric production. Various studies that use different IPCC models are examined in order to determine the average rainfall reduction by the year 2100 in comparison to baseline data from the end of the 20th century. It was found that average annual rainfall in the NE region could decrease by approximately 25-50% depending on the emissions scenario. Analysis of historical rainfall data in the São Francisco basin during the last 57years already shows a decline of more than 25% from the 1961-90 long-term average. Moreover, average annual rainfall in the basin has been below its long-term average every year bar one since 1992. If this declining trend continues, rainfall reduction in the basin could be even more severe than the most pessimistic model projections. That is, the marked drop in average rainfall projected for 2100, based on the IPCC high emissions scenario, could actually eventuate before 2050. Due to the elasticity factor between rainfall and streamflow and because of increased amounts of irrigation in the São Francisco basin, the reduction in the NE's average hydroelectric production in the coming decades could be double the predicted decline in rainfall. Conversely, it is estimated that wind power potential in the Brazilian NE will increase substantially by 2100. Therefore both wind and solar power will need to be significantly exploited in order for the NE region to sustainably replace lost hydroelectric production. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Eclecticism and Rhetoric in the Brazilian philosophy: from Silvestre Pinheiro Ferreira (1769-1846) to Fray Francisco do Monte Alverne (1784-1858)

OpenAIRE

Duran, Maria Renata da Cruz; Universidade Estadual de Londrina

2015-01-01

Este artigo trata da filosofia eclética de Victor Cousin conforme seus repetidores brasileiros do início do século XIX: Silvestre Pinheiro Pereira e frei Francisco do Monte Alverne. O objetivo principal é estudar as relações entre o ecletismo e a retórica em prol da justificação dos limites, da dispersão e da superficialidade do debate filosófico local. Revisando as obras de Antônio Paim, Laerte Ramos de Carvalho e Maria Beatriz Nizza da Silva, destacou-se, especialmente, alguns pressupostos ...

Estudo de caso da degradação ambiental do Rio Gorutuba no município de Francisco Sá

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Maria Tereza Pereira dos Santos

2017-06-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho foi realizado na área compreendida pela bacia hidrográfica do Rio Gorutuba, no município de Francisco Sá – MG, e tem como objetivo analisar o estado de conservação e preservação do terço superior do seu curso d’água principal. Observações em nível local foram realizadas na sua nascente e ao longo do curso d’água até ao seu encontro com o Rio Água Quente, na divisa dos municípios de Francisco Sá, Janaúba e Riacho dos Machados. Os procedimentos metodológicos incluem pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais, observações de campo e elaboração de mapas que permitiram realizar as análises sobre a área estudada. A partir das análises observou-se que a área de estudo apresenta um nível elevado de poluição de suas águas e a ocorrência do processo de degradação da mata ciliar, presentes tanto na nascente e, também, ao longo do curso d’água, em ambas as margens. Observou-se, ainda, a necessidade de adoção de medidas adequadas a serem desenvolvidas pelo poder público, com a participação massiva da população, além de campanhas de educação ambiental sobre a necessidade de preservação e sobre a redução dos impactos ambientais negativos presentes na área estudada.

National Account Energy Alliance Final Report for the Ritz Carlton, San Francisco Combined Heat and Power Project

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rosfjord, Thomas J [UTC Power

2007-11-01

Under collaboration between DOE and the Gas Technology Institute (GTI), UTC Power partnered with Host Hotels and Resorts to install and operate a PureComfort 240M Cooling, Heating and Power (CHP) System at the Ritz-Carlton, San Francisco. This packaged CHP system integrated four microturbines, a double-effect absorption chiller, two fuel gas boosters, and the control hardware and software to ensure that the system operated predictably, reliably, and safely. The chiller, directly energized by the recycled hot exhaust from the microturbines, could be configured to provide either chilled or hot water. As installed, the system was capable of providing up to 227 kW of net electrical power and 142 RT of chilled water at a 59F ambient temperature.

Operation of a real-time warning system for debris flows in the San Francisco bay area, California

Science.gov (United States)

Wilson, Raymond C.; Mark, Robert K.; Barbato, Gary; ,

1993-01-01

The United States Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Weather Service (NWS) have developed an operational warning system for debris flows during severe rainstorms in the San Francisco Bay region. The NWS makes quantitative forecasts of precipitation from storm systems approaching the Bay area and coordinates a regional network of radio-telemetered rain gages. The USGS has formulated thresholds for the intensity and duration of rainfall required to initiate debris flows. The first successful public warnings were issued during a severe storm sequence in February 1986. Continued operation of the warning system since 1986 has provided valuable working experience in rainfall forecasting and monitoring, refined rainfall thresholds, and streamlined procedures for issuing public warnings. Advisory statements issued since 1986 are summarized.

La imagen predicada : La virtud como camino hacia la salvación en los Retratos de Francisco Pacheco (1564-1644)

OpenAIRE

García-Garrido, Manuela Águeda

2006-01-01

El Libro de los retratos que realizó el pintor Francisco Pacheco es uno de los numerosos aportes artísticos de la España contrarreformista. Siguiendo la tradición del formato ampliamente extendido del liber amicorum, el libro se apoya en los principios del dogma de la Encarnación. Cada retrato se basa en la idea de la redención por el sentido cristiano de la virtud lo que anuncia la deuda de la teología dogmática en la pintura moderna. Conciliar el misterio dogmático con las posibilidades hum...

Nuevas interpretaciones y adiciones a los anfibios y reptiles en la obra del naturalista Francisco Hernández (1517-1584

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Gustavo Casas Andreu

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Aunque se ha escrito abundantemente acerca del naturalista Francisco Hernández, quien viajó a la Nueva España en el siglo XVI, consideramos que no se ha dado el crédito suficiente a su obra como naturalista y su impacto en la zoología de México y del mundo. Después de reinterpretar su información referente a anfibios y reptiles, se ha actualizado y se han agregado 15 especies a las 71 indicadas por autores anteriores, se confirmaron tres y corrigieron tres nuevas especies de las listas previas.

Diseño y montaje de una página wap que implemente el acceso a la información académica de la universidad francisco de paula santander

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Dinael Guevara-Ibarra

2003-01-01

Full Text Available WAP is the acronym for Wireless Application Protocol (Wireless Application Protocol and is the means of transport communications between wireless devices and servers. The University Francisco de Paula Santander will from the second half of 2003 with a WAP portal that will allow students and interested, consult the information from the institution using the benefits of mobile communications equipment (cell. This article briefly describes the theoretical bases that were the subject of study for the project of the WAP page of the institution such as the WAP standard, the layers of the WAP protocol, the components and the operating model of a WAP system and the programming language to develop WAP applications; In addition, the parameters taken into account for the selection of the information to be displayed on the portal and the tools used in the manufacture and assembly of mobile Internet page of the University Francisco de Paula Santander exposed

Diseño e implementación de una tarjeta entrenadora para fpga con aplicaciones prácticas para el laboratorio de microelectrónica de la universidad francisco de paula santander

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José Armando Becerra-Vargas

2004-07-01

Full Text Available In this paper the conception, design and implementation of a card trainer for fpga with practical applications for the laboratory of microelectronics of the university Francisco de Paula Santander is presented. The FPGA programming interface is JTAG.

Infestation of grape Vitis vinifera by Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in sub-medium Sao Francisco valley, Brazil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Habibe, Tuffi C.; Viana, Rodrigo E.; Damasceno, Itala Cruz; Malavasi, Aldo [Biofabrica Moscamed Brasil, Juazeiro, BA (Brazil). Distrito Industrial do Sao Francisco; Nascimento, Antonio S., E-mail: antnasc@cnpmf.embrapa.b [EMBRAPA Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical, Cruz das Almas, BA (Brazil); Paranhos, Beatriz A.J.; Haji, Francisca Nemaura P., E-mail: bjodao@cpatsa.embrapa.b [EMBRAPA Semi-Arido, Petrolina, PE (Brazil); Carvalho, Raimundo S. [Agencia de Defesa Agropecuaria da Bahia (ADAB), Salvador, BA (Brazil)

2006-07-01

The objective of this study was to assess the infestation level in grapes, Vitis vinifera, by the medfly,Ceratitis capitata in the Sao Francisco River Valley. The adult population was monitored with Jackson trap baited with trimedlure. Samples of grapes for larval infestation assessment were taken along three months, with a total of 116 kg. The average FTD (flies/trap/day) for medfly males was 0.26. The number of pupae obtained from the fruit samples was 471; 287 adults emerged (60.4%), all Ceratitis capitata. The infestation level was 4.0 pupa/kg of fresh fruit. We conclude that grape is a medfly host in SFV, occasionally causing high damage to production. (author)

Infestation of grape Vitis vinifera by Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in sub-medium Sao Francisco valley, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Habibe, Tuffi C.; Viana, Rodrigo E.; Damasceno, Itala Cruz; Malavasi, Aldo; Paranhos, Beatriz A.J.; Haji, Francisca Nemaura P.; Carvalho, Raimundo S.

2006-01-01

The objective of this study was to assess the infestation level in grapes, Vitis vinifera, by the medfly,Ceratitis capitata in the Sao Francisco River Valley. The adult population was monitored with Jackson trap baited with trimedlure. Samples of grapes for larval infestation assessment were taken along three months, with a total of 116 kg. The average FTD (flies/trap/day) for medfly males was 0.26. The number of pupae obtained from the fruit samples was 471; 287 adults emerged (60.4%), all Ceratitis capitata. The infestation level was 4.0 pupa/kg of fresh fruit. We conclude that grape is a medfly host in SFV, occasionally causing high damage to production. (author)

Weight-of-evidence on environmental impact assessment of metal contaminated sediments in the São Francisco river (Três Marias - Minas Gerais - Brazil: a case study

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DF. Almeida

Full Text Available The weight-of-evidence - WOE approach was used to assess the environmental impact of sediments contaminated by metals in the São Francisco river and one of its tributaries, Consciência creek, both affected by anthropic activities, in the region of Três Marias (Minas Gerais/Brazil. The assessment provided support to a risk management decision. The WOE was based on bulk metal analysis, AVS-SEM assays, elutriate tests, ecotoxicity assays, benthic community assessment and a comparison for the reference area. Brazilian legislation and other available literature were used as criteria to evaluate the lines of evidence. All samples, except for the reference area, presented some contamination. However, geochemical testing for bioavailability studies showed that toxicity is unlikely as suggested by the chemical results. Ecotoxicity and benthic structure studies provided further information to support decision making. Metal acid volatile sulfide formation mechanisms were identified, which can eventually attenuate metal toxicity observed. The removal of active sources of contamination (for example, from tailings dumps associated with Monitoring Natural Recovery could be sufficient to eventually lessen the risk of the biota in São Francisco river sediments.

Reflexiones antropológicas sobre la novela de Francisco Umbral, Los metales nocturnos

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Riaza Pérez, Fernando

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Taking Umbral's novel Los Metales Nocturnos as a starting point for the discussion, the author reflects upon the anthropological features of a marginal sector of society in today's big cities, where the main character —a disaffected leftist writer— leads readers through the hopeless existence of beings who —deftly portrayed by a writer skillful at language and irony— do not even complain about their condition.

A partir de esta novela de Francisco Umbral, se reflexiona acerca de los rasgos antropológicos de un sector marginal de la gran ciudad contemporánea, donde, guiados por el personaje principal —un literato de izquierdas desengañado—, observamos la existencia desesperanzada de unos seres que ni siquiera lamentan su situación y cuyo retrato realiza un autor que maneja con inteligencia el lenguaje y la ironía.

Modalidades disciplinarias en el colegio de calidad de la ciudad de Medellín "Institución Educativa Francisco Miranda" en los grados séptimo y octavo. Una perspectiva psicoanalítica

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Hernando Alberto Bernal Zuluaga

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación abordó el problema de las modalidades disciplinarias en uno de los colegios de calidad en la ciudad de Medellín, la Institución Educativa Francisco Miranda, en los grados séptimo y octavo, colegio situado en la comuna 4 (Aranjuez y que atiende población de los estratos 1, 2 y 3. La pregunta de investigación fue la siguiente: ¿cómo se sanciona hoy en el Colegio de Calidad de la ciudad de Medellín “Institución Educativa Francisco Miranda” en los grados séptimo y octavo?, en un momento de la época actual en el que padres y profesores se preguntan la razón por la cual los castigos no tienen efecto. La metodología de la investigación fue cualitativa –paradigma histórico-hermenéutico–, con un enfoque específico o técnica de investigación del psicoanálisis: el paradigma indiciario, enfoque formalizado por el historiador Carlo Ginzburg. Los resultados dados por la investigación permitieron dilucidar cómo se sanciona hoy en el Colegio de Calidad de la ciudad de Medellín “Institución Educativa Francisco Miranda” en los grados séptimo y octavo; así mismo, se pudo dar cuenta de las dificultades que encuentran los maestros como representantes de la ley.

Scientific cooperation of the "Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas" between the years 2011 and 2015, a Network Social Analisys (NSA) approach

OpenAIRE

Jesus David Romero Betancur

2016-01-01

Analysis of cooperation networks formed as a result of the co-authorship of scientific texts allows a different view of space in which research activity and relationships, formal and informal, made up of researchers and constitute social capital for them develops and the institution. Based on those recorded in the SciVal platform scientific texts, which include the participation of at least one author or co-author with affiliation with the University Francisco José de Caldas, the networks mad...

Change in Urban Land Use and Associated Attributes in the Upper San Francisco Estuary, 1990-2006

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David M. Stoms

2010-09-01

Full Text Available Land use is an ultimate driver of many of the stressors on the Upper San Francisco Estuary, but the magnitude and pattern of land use change has not been analyzed. This paper attempts to fill this knowledge gap through a screening-level risk assessment. Urban land use was compared within hydrodynamic subregions in 1990, 2000, and 2006. Ancillary data were then used to quantify secondary measures such as impervious cover, housing density, road density and road crossings. Despite the rapid growth of the Bay Area, Sacramento, and Stockton metropolitan areas, the percentage of urban area and rates of change in the subregions are generally low to moderate when compared to other estuaries in the United States. The spatial data sets used in this analysis have been posted online to a public repository to be used by other researchers.

User's guide to the LIRAQ model: an air pollution model for the San Francisco Bay Area

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

MacCracken, M.C.

1975-01-01

The Livermore Regional Air Quality (LIRAQ) model comprises a set of computer programs that have been integrated into an easily used tool for the air quality planner. To assemble and modify the necessary data files and to direct model execution, a problem formulation program has been developed that makes possible the setup of a wide variety of studies involving perturbation of the emission inventory, changes to the initial and boundary conditions, and different choices of grid size and problem domain. In addition to describing the types of air quality problems for which the LIRAQ model may be used, this User's Guide provides detailed information on how to set up and conduct model simulations. Also included are descriptions of the formats of input data files so that the LIRAQ model may be applied to regions other than the San Francisco Bay Area

Quaternary geology of Alameda County, and parts of Contra Costa, Santa Clara, San Mateo, San Francisco, Stanislaus, and San Joaquin counties, California: a digital database

Science.gov (United States)

Helley, E.J.; Graymer, R.W.

1997-01-01

Alameda County is located at the northern end of the Diablo Range of Central California. It is bounded on the north by the south flank of Mount Diablo, one of the highest peaks in the Bay Area, reaching an elevation of 1173 meters (3,849 ft). San Francisco Bay forms the western boundary, the San Joaquin Valley borders it on the east and an arbitrary line from the Bay into the Diablo Range forms the southern boundary. Alameda is one of the nine Bay Area counties tributary to San Francisco Bay. Most of the country is mountainous with steep rugged topography. Alameda County is covered by twenty-eight 7.5' topographic Quadrangles which are shown on the index map. The Quaternary deposits in Alameda County comprise three distinct depositional environments. One, forming a transgressive sequence of alluvial fan and fan-delta facies, is mapped in the western one-third of the county. The second, forming only alluvial fan facies, is mapped in the Livermore Valley and San Joaquin Valley in the eastern part of the county. The third, forming a combination of Eolian dune and estuarine facies, is restricted to the Alameda Island area in the northwestern corner of the county.

Integration of bed characteristics, geochemical tracers, current measurements, and numerical modeling for assessing the provenance of beach sand in the San Francisco Bay Coastal System

Science.gov (United States)

Barnard, Patrick L.; Foxgrover, Amy C.; Elias, Edwin P.L.; Erikson, Li H.; Hein, James R.; McGann, Mary; Mizell, Kira; Rosenbauer, Robert J.; Swarzenski, Peter W.; Takesue, Renee K.; Wong, Florence L.; Woodrow, Donald L.; Barnard, P.L.; Jaffee, B.E.; Schoellhamer, D.H.

2013-01-01

Over 150 million m3 of sand-sized sediment has disappeared from the central region of the San Francisco Bay Coastal System during the last half century. This enormous loss may reflect numerous anthropogenic influences, such as watershed damming, bay-fill development, aggregate mining, and dredging. The reduction in Bay sediment also appears to be linked to a reduction in sediment supply and recent widespread erosion of adjacent beaches, wetlands, and submarine environments. A unique, multi-faceted provenance study was performed to definitively establish the primary sources, sinks, and transport pathways of beach-sized sand in the region, thereby identifying the activities and processes that directly limit supply to the outer coast. This integrative program is based on comprehensive surficial sediment sampling of the San Francisco Bay Coastal System, including the seabed, Bay floor, area beaches, adjacent rock units, and major drainages. Analyses of sample morphometrics and biological composition (e.g., Foraminifera) were then integrated with a suite of tracers including 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd isotopes, rare earth elements, semi-quantitative X-ray diffraction mineralogy, and heavy minerals, and with process-based numerical modeling, in situ current measurements, and bedform asymmetry to robustly determine the provenance of beach-sized sand in the region.

The Aquatic Trophic Ecology of Suisun Marsh, San Francisco Estuary, California, During Autumn in a Wet Year

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Robert E. Schroeter

2015-09-01

Full Text Available doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15447/sfews.v13iss3art6Using stable isotopes of carbon (δ13C and nitrogen (δ15N and mixing models, we investigated the trophic levels and carbon sources of invertebrates and fishes of a large tidal marsh in the San Francisco Estuary. Our goal was to better understand an estuarine food web comprised of native and alien species. We found the following: (1 the food web was based largely on carbon from phytoplankton and emergent-aquatic and terrestrial vegetation, but carbon from submerged aquatic vegetation and phytobenthos was also used; (2 alien species increased the complexity of the food web by altering carbon-flow pathways and by occupying trophic positions different from native species; and (3 most consumers were dietary generalists.

Otras voces de la Edad de Plata: Francisco Valdés, escritor y crítico literario

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Guadalupe Nieto Caballero

2017-02-01

Full Text Available El artículo estudia la prosa ensayística y aforística de Francisco Valdés, autor extremeño protagonista de la Edad de Plata. En sus textos, Valdés desarrolla una crítica que parte de la perspectiva de un lector atento, llegando a proponer, incluso, reinterpretaciones de las obras que glosa. De sus artículos en prensa se analizan su estilo y los autores que comenta, fuente indiscutible para conocer sus referentes y los caminos de su prosa. Se analizarán también algunos aspectos de su producción aforística a partir de un cuaderno inédito que enlaza perfectamente con la línea de la literatura de la época. 

Agustín Sanz and Francisco de Goya: the Reform Project for the Palace of the Dukes of Híjar in Zaragoza and the Failed Pictorial Decoration of its Façade (1773-1774

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Javier MARTÍNEZ MOLINA

2016-06-01

Full Text Available This paper concerns the project conceived at the end of 1773 by the well-known Aragonese architect Agustín Sanz Alós for the reform of the façade and the most important rooms of the main floor of the Palace of the Dukes of Híjar in Zaragoza, a project in which his good friend Francisco de Goya was included in order to decorate the façade with mural paintings. The paper addresses aspects such as the previous history of the building, its partial rehabilitation by Sanz, the ordering and design process of the reform project of the building, or the later evolution of the building until present day. The reform project of Agustín Sanz, including the failed participation of Francisco de Goya, is also analysed and interpreted from an artistic viewpoint.

Breast cancer among American Japanese in the San Francisco Bay area.

Science.gov (United States)

Dunn, J E

1977-12-01

The Japanese-American population was particularly well suited for the study of cancer occurrence because: 1) An American-born population as well as the immigrant Japanese-American population could be studied; 2) good cancer incidence and mortality data from Japan could be compared with data from the United States; and 3) some differences in the rate of occurrence of several specific cancer sites in Japan as compared with the United States were striking. The most significant of these involved the gastrointestinal tract and sex organs. Data were presented concerning cancer incidence rates for the Japanese-American population of the San Francisco Bay area. The high gastric rates for the Japanese in Japan were reduced in a stepwise fashion in the immigrant Japanese-American population to the American-born Japanese who were approaching the low rate of the United States. Colon cancer rates, which were low in Japan, approached the rates in the United States in both the immigrants from Japan and in Japanese Americans. The low rates of cancers of the breast, uterine corpus, and ovary of Japanese women in Japan and for prostate cancer among men rapidly approached the higher rates for these cancer sites that existed in the United States. A study of nutritional factors related to the increase of cancer of the breast in Japanese Americans is being conducted.

Biodiversity of rhizobia associated with cowpea cultivars in soils of the lower half of the São Francisco River Valley Biodiversidade de rizóbio associado a cultivares de feijão-caupi em solos do submédio do Vale do São Francisco

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Jakson Leite

2009-10-01

Full Text Available The biodiversity of rhizobium in soils of the São Francisco Valley is unknown and can be studied using cowpea as trap plants. The objective of this study was to verify the diversity of diazotrophic bacteria that nodulate cowpea in soils of the lower half of the São Francisco River Valley by morphological and genotypic characterization. Seven soil samples (A1, A2, A3, A4, C1, C2 and MC were collected to capture bacteria associated to five cowpea cultivars (IPA 206, BRS Pujante, BRS Marataoã, Canapu Roxo, and Sempre Verde, in a 5x7 factorial design with three replications. Thirty days after plant emergence, the nodules were collected and the bacteria isolated and analyzed in relation to their growth characteristics in YMA medium. The 581 isolates were grouped in 49 morphologic groups. Of this total, 62.3 % formed colonies in up to three days, 33.4 % grew from the 6th day on, and 4.3 % began to grow 4 to 5 days after incubation. Regarding the formation of acids and alkalis, 63 % acidified the medium, 12 % made it alkaline and 25 % maintained the medium at neutral pH. The highest diversity was observed in the A3 sample and in isolates associated with the cultivars Canapu Roxo and BRS Pujante. Thirty-eight representative isolates were chosen for the genotypic characterization, clustered in four groups based on the restriction analysis of 16s rDNA. This grouping was strongly correlated with the sampling site; 13 rhizobium isolates had an electrophoretic profile distinct from the standard rhizobium strains used in this study.A biodiversidade de rizóbio de solos do Vale do São Francisco é desconhecida e pode ser estudada utilizando feijão-caupi como planta-isca. Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a diversidade de bactérias diazotróficas que nodulam feijão-caupi em solos do Submédio do Vale do São Francisco por meio da caracterização morfológica e genotípica. Sete amostras de solos (A1, A2, A3, A4, C1, C2 e MC foram coletadas para

Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy--49th annual meeting. Part 2. 12-15 September 2009, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Science.gov (United States)

Turner, Ben; Murch, Lisa

2009-11-01

The Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy held in San Francisco included topics covering new therapeutic developments for the treatment of infectious diseases. This conference report highlights selected presentations on several antibiotics in development including a broad-spectrum penem beta-lactam antibiotic, a novel siderophore monobactam, as well as other novel antibiotics. Investigational drugs discussed include sulopenem and sulopenem etzadroxil (both Pfizer Inc), BAL-30072 (Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd), TP-120 and TP-787 (both Tetraphase Pharmaceuticals Inc), NAI-107 (New Anti Infectives Consortium/NexThera Biosciences) and ABI-200 (AdRem Biotech/US Department of Agriculture).

La Misión Indígena San Francisco Solano de Tacaaglé en las tierras fiscales de Formosa (1900-1950)

OpenAIRE

Dalla Corte, Gabriela

2013-01-01

La Misión Indígena fue inaugurada en el año 1901, en la zona del río Pilcomayo del Territorio Nacional de Formosa, precisamente al costado de la concesión paraguaya otorgada a Elisa (Elizabeth Alicia) Lynch. Desde entonces, fue trasladada, primero a Tacaaglé en 1902, donde adquirió el nombre de Misión San Francisco Solano, y posteriormente, en 1915, al riacho El Porteño. Los Misioneros Franciscanos asumieron la tarea de formar a “colonos indígenas” tobas y pilagás para la producción de azúcar...

Petrographic and geochemical characterization and isotope analysis of U-PB (SHRIMP) in tuffaceous siltstone, Salitre formation, Sao Francisco supergroup, BA, Brazil; Caracterizacao petrografica, geoquimica e analises isotopicas U-PB (SRIMP) em siltito tufaceo, formacao Salitre Supergrupo Sao Francisco, Bahia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Santana, Ana; Chemale Junior, Farid, E-mail: ana.santana.geo@gmail.com [Universidade de Brasilia (UnB), DF (Brazil); Sherer, Claiton Marlon dos Santos [Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRS), Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil)

2015-07-01

The Salitre Formation consists of neoproterozoic carbonate sequence overlying the Sao Francisco Craton (SFC) in Bahia. Data on the origin of such training are scarce, mainly due to their nature, essentially carbonate. In this study, from the petrographic characterization and geochemical thin levels of terrigenous, it was identified the contribution of volcanic material. Isotopic analysis of U-Pb, SHRIMP, indicate the existence of young grain, aged 669 ± 14 Ma (Cryogenian) - probable volcanism associated with the building of neoproterozoic mobile belts surrounding the SFC - and inherited zircons with the main population in the Paleoproterozoic and corresponding to the source area of the crystalline basement. Detrital zircons with ages between Statherian and Tonian have also been reported and have the source area the metasedimentary rocks of the Espinhaco Supergroup. (author)

Translators and teachers of languages: grammars and vocabularies, Francisco de la Torre y Ocón (1728-1731

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M.ª del Carmen CAZORLA VIVAS

2013-03-01

Full Text Available The 18th Century has not been studied in depth by experts on Historical Linguistics. However, this is a fruitful and important period in the history of dictionaries as far as lexicography is concerned. The present paper focuses on the lexicographer and translator Francisco de la Torre y Ocón (1660-1725 and his work El maestro de las dos lenguas. Diccionario español y francés en dos tomos. (1726-1728. The work by this renowned author will be analyzed within the framework of its historical and linguistic period (first half of the 18th Century. His approach to lexicography will be similarly analyzed with the aim of contributing to a better understanding of bilingual (French-Spanish lexicography.

Edilicia pública en el Archivo Municipal de Santa Fe: El arquitecto Francisco Fábregas Vehil (1925-1934

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Ana María Castañeda Becerra

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Santa Fe inicia la remodelación de su edilicia pública durante la Dictadura de Primo de Rivera a raíz de tres decisiones municipales: construir un local apropiado para las Escuelas, un nuevo Ayuntamiento, y modernizar la imagen de la ciudad ante la celebración de la Exposición Iberoamericana de Sevilla en 1929. El proyecto (Casa Consistorial, Mercado con Matadero, Escuelas, Pavimentación y Alcantarillado, y dos Lavaderos se encarga a la empresa “Técnica de Construcción, S.A” y a su arquitecto Francisco Fábregas Vehil, quien realizó los proyectos y dirigió las obras desde Sevilla y Barcelona hasta bien entrada la Segunda República.

Teoria de la mente y sociedad en la narrativa policiaca de Lorenzo Silva y Francisco Garcia Pavon: Estereotipos, roles de genero y minorias

OpenAIRE

Gorfti, Jesus Castro

2016-01-01

Spanish: The purpose of this study is to utilize certain aspects of cognitive psychology as a framework to analyze the police procedural novels of two Spanish authors: Francisco García Pavón and Lorenzo Silva. Specifically, we will focus on two main aspects of the mind studied by the cognitive sciences: Theory of Mind and metarepresentations. Theory of Mind (ToM) refers to the capacity that human beings have to attribute mental states to other humans, as well as oneself, based on their bod...

Bioaccumulation of hydrocarbons derived from terrestrial and anthropogenic sources in the Asian clam, Potamocorbula amurensis, in San Francisco Bay estuary

Science.gov (United States)

Pereira, Wilfred E.; Hostettler, Frances D.; Rapp, John B.

1992-01-01

An assessment was made in Suisun Bay, California, of the distributions of hydrocarbons in estuarine bed and suspended sediments and in the recently introduced asian clam, Potamocorbula amurensis. Sediments and clams were contaminated with hydrocarbons derived from petrogenic and pyrogenic sources. Distributions of alkanes and of hopane and sterane biomarkers in sediments and clams were similar, indicating that petroleum hydrocarbons associated with sediments are bioavailable to Potamocorbula amurensis. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the sediments and clams were derived mainly from combustion sources. Potamocorbula amurensis is therefore a useful bioindicator of hydrocarbon contamination, and may be used as a biomonitor of hydrocarbon pollution in San Francisco Bay.

Francisco Pino: el poeta de los agujeros

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Esperanza Ortega

2014-03-01

Full Text Available La obra de Francisco Pino (1910-2002, en sus dos vertientes, experimental y no-experimental, posee una coherencia absoluta en cuanto a su concepción creacionista, que considera el poema como «manifestación de existencia». En este contexto aparecen en los años setenta sus libros de agujeros troquelados, que son su característica más relevante y constituyen una muestra de osadía artística y rebeldía vital. Estos libros de agujeros, minúsculas maquetas del uni-verso, poseen un sentido metafísico-religioso: Pino representa en ellos el vacío y el silencio consustancial a la poesía como música inaudible y espacio invisible, y nos ofrece los planos de una arquitectura poética que comunica con el infinito por medio de la ventana troquelada. Hay una búsqueda de la palabra poética total en toda su obra, desde sus primeros versos, en los que ya aparecen intuiciones reveladoras de sus hallazgos posteriores. Aunque, para Pino, la poesía es búsqueda constante, persecución de una presa inalcanzable. En esa persecución, hallará los caligramas, los libros troquelados y los poemas visua-les realizados en todo tipo de soportes desechables, pues Pino afirmó siempre su deseo de permanecer en la órbita de lo efímero, ajeno al anhelo de eterni-dad y ajeno también a las convenciones de la Historia del Arte, aunque su postura condenara a su obra al ostracismo o la expusiera a la irrisión. En la ilustración de uno de sus últimos libros, el titulado Tejas: lugar de Dios. Obertura, un pájaro se deshace en el poema. Sin trino ni mensaje posible, el poeta recoge la pluma del pájaro y con ella escribe. Así pues, la poesía surge tras la destrucción del poeta, como consecuencia de su disolución en el texto, una inmolación feliz e inexplicable, que inunda de luz cegadora el poema, iluminándole, sin llegar a desvelar su misterio.

Basta de perseguir al pensamiento disidente: ¡Libertad al profesor Francisco Toloza!

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Néstor Kohan

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Todo el tiempo encarcelan a nuestros compañeros. Buscan cansarnos y desgastarnos.  No  hay  mes  que  no  haya  que escribir  solidarizándose con algún revolucionario que acaban de encarcelar. ¿A esto llaman “libertad”? ¿A esto denominan “pluralismo”? ¿Esto es “el mundo libre”? ¡Por favor! Largan a uno y al día siguiente hay otro encarcelado. Acaban de soltar al cantante y compositor Julián Conrado y al mismo tiempo encarcelan al profesor Francisco Toloza. Nos mantienen “ocupados” pidiendo y reclamando todo el tiempo “suelten a fulano”, “liberen a mengano”. En Colombia. También en Argentina. En Paraguay. En todo el continente. No acabamos de ir a ver a un dirigente piquetero a la cárcel que ya hay otro campesino que está preso. No terminan de soltar a un cantante popular que ya metieron tras las rejas a un conocido profesor universitario. Y en ese vaivén se nos va la vida. Visitando presos, escribiendo todo el tiempo estas cartas de solidaridad, tratando de frenar la represión, la persecución, la demonización. ¿Hasta cuándo?

Modalidades disciplinarias en el colegio de calidad de la ciudad de Medellín "Institución Educativa Francisco Miranda" en los grados séptimo y octavo. Una perspectiva psicoanalítica

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Hernando Alberto Bernal Zuluaga

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación abordó el problema de las modalidades disciplinarias en uno de los colegios de calidad en la ciudad de Medellín, la Institución Educativa Francisco Miranda, en los grados séptimo y octavo, colegio situado en la comuna 4 (Aranjuez y que atiende población de los estratos 1, 2 y 3. La pregunta de investigación fue la siguiente: ¿cómo se sanciona hoy en el Colegio de Calidad de la ciudad de Medellín “Institución Educativa Francisco Miranda” en los grados  séptimo  y octavo?, en un momento de la época actual en el que padres y profesores se preguntan la razón por la cual los castigos no tienen efecto. La metodología de la investigación fue cualitativa –paradigma histórico-hermenéutico–, con un enfoque específico o técnica de investigación del psicoanálisis: el paradigma indiciario, enfoque formalizado por el historiador Carlo Ginzburg. Los resultados dados por la investigación permitieron dilucidar cómo se sanciona hoy en el Colegio de Calidad de la ciudad de Medellín “Institución Educativa Francisco Miranda” en los grados séptimo y  octavo; así mismo, se pudo dar cuenta de las dificultades que encuentran los maestros como representantes de la ley. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.

Ukrainlasd ja EL ootavad uuendusi / Javier Solana

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Solana, Javier

2005-01-01

Autor selgitab, et Euroopa Liit on huvitatud koostöö tugevdamisest Ukrainaga, kes on võtmemaaks Euroopa jõukusele, kuid nendib, et ühenduse ja Ukraina partnerlus sõltub eelkõige demokraatia ja reformide kvaliteedist Ukrainas

Impact of certification on fruit producers in the Sao Francisco Valley in Brazil

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Andréa Cristina DÖRR

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Producers and exporters of fresh fruits and vegetables from developingcountries like Brazil are increasingly required to demonstrate the safety andtraceability of their produce up to the consumption stage. In fact, the Brazilianexport market is still relatively underdeveloped, with an export share of only2.4% of the total produced volume. However, certification may also have theeffect of a non-tariff trade barrier, undermining the capability and financialability of especially small-scale farmers in exporting to international markets.This study, therefore, aims at providing an economic analysis of certification onmango and grapes producers. A survey of 303 grapes and mango farmers wasconducted in 2006 in the Juazeiro and Petrolina regions of the Sao FranciscoValley in Brazil. Certified and non-certified farmers as well as those in processto obtain certification were included in the sample. Empirical analysis using alogit model shows that grapes farmers have higher probability to certify thanmango growers. There are two variables which have a positive and significanteffect: education and experience. However, small-scale farms, the dependencyon non-agricultural income and a trust-based arrangement have a negative butsignificant effect.

Predictors of gambling behaviors in Filipino Americans living in Honolulu or San Francisco.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Wooksoo; Kim, Isok; Nochajski, Thomas H

2012-06-01

This study compared the prevalence and predictors of gambling behaviors between Filipino Americans who live in San Francisco (S.F.) or Honolulu. Data from the 1998-1999 Filipino American Community Epidemiological Survey were used to answer two research questions: (1) What are the prevalence and types of gambling behaviors among Filipino Americans and (2) What are the protective/risk factors of heavy gambling for Filipino Americans in S.F. and Honolulu? Overall, S.F. Filipino Americans had a higher level of participation in gambling, and the odds of gambling increased among older age groups, males, those who were US-born, and those with more health problems. Multinomial logistic regression analyses revealed that factors associated with infrequent and regular gambling participation were different between the S.F. group (older, male, higher education) and Honolulu group (male, US-born, more health concerns). Differential gambling environments, i.e., wide open gambling in S.F. and the restrictive gambling in Honolulu, may contribute to gambling participation and predictors of risk gambling Filipino Americans living in Honolulu and S.F. Policy makers and health professionals need to be aware of these differences to serve this population more effectively.

A implementação do programa Bolsa Família: as experiências de São Francisco de Itabapoana e Duque de Caxias Implementation of Brazil's Family Allowance Program: experiences at São Francisco de Itabapoana and Duque de Caxias

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Rosana Magalhães

2007-12-01

Full Text Available O artigo discute os resultados da pesquisa "Implementação do Programa Bolsa Família no Estado do Rio de Janeiro: as experiências de São Francisco de Itabapoana e Duque de Caxias" realizada durante os anos de 2004 e 2005 com o apoio do CNPQ e que envolveu pesquisadores e alunos da ENSP/FIOCRUZ, UFF e UERJ. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a implementação e a gestão local do programa Bolsa Família, identificando os principais contornos desta intervenção pública nos municípios selecionados. A aproximação com a dinâmica política e institucional local e com os mecanismos de responsabilização dos gestores, conformação de coordenações integradas e intersetoriais, oferta e acompanhamento das ações de saúde e educação e definição dos papéis dos diferentes entes federativos na operacionalização do programa contribuiu para identificar as principais tensões e os desafios ligados ao alcance de maior eqüidade e justiça social no campo das políticas de transferência condicionada de renda no país.This paper discuss the findings of a study examining the Implementation of Brazil's Family Allowance Program in Rio de Janeiro at São Francisco de Itabapoana and Duque de Caxias, conducted in 2004 - 2005 with the support of the Brazilian Science and Technology Research and Development Council (CNPq and collaboration among ENSP-FIOCRUZ, UFF and UERJ. Its purpose is to analyze this implementation process and local management practices, identifying the main contours of this program. An examination of its political and institutional dynamics, accountability mechanisms, intersectoral arenas, investments in healthcare and education, and intergovernmental arrangements helps outline some of the conflicts, tensions and challenges associated with conditional cash transfers as a core policy in the battle against poverty and social inequalities.

{sup 210}Pb geochronology and chemical characterization of sediment cores from lakes of the Parana river alluvial plain

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Teixeira, L.F.L.; Damatto, S.R.; Scapin, M.A. [IPEN - Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (Brazil); Remor, M.B.; Sampaio, S.C. [UNIOESTE - Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana (Brazil)

2014-07-01

The flood plain of the upper Parana River is located among the lakes formed by the Brazilian hydroelectric plants being the last part of the Parana river, in Brazil, where there is an ecosystem with interaction river-flood plain. This flood plain has considerable habitat variability, with great diversity of terrestrial and aquatic species, and the floods are the main factor that regulates the operation of this ecosystem. The seasonality of the flood pulses is mainly influenced by the El Nino phenomenon, which increases precipitation in the drainage basin of the flood plain of the upper Parana River. Because of its unique characteristics this ecosystem is the subject of intense study since 1980, mainly from the ecological point of view. Therefore, two sediment cores were collected in the ponds formed by the floods, Patos pond and Garcas pond, in order to characterize the sediment chemically and evaluate a possible historic contamination. The trace element concentrations As, Ba, Br, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Hf, La, Lu, Nd, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Ta, Tb, Th, U, Yb and Zn (mg.kg{sup -1}) and the major elements Si, Al, Fe, Ti, K, Ca, Mg, P, V, Mn, and Na (%) were determined in the sediment cores dated by {sup 210}Pb method, using instrumental neutron activation analysis, X-ray fluorescence and gross beta counting, respectively. The results obtained for the elements Ce, Cr, Cs, La, Nd, Sc, Sm and Th are higher than the values of Upper Continental Crust for both ponds. The sedimentation rates obtained for Garca pond, 0.77 cm.y{sup -1}, and Patos pond, 0.62 cm.y{sup -1} are in agreement with studies performed in sedimentary environments similar to the present work, such as Brazilian wetland Pantanal. The enrichment factor and the geo-accumulation index were used to assess the presence of anthropogenic sources of pollution. Document available in abstract form only. (authors)

Modificación de conocimientos sobre enfermedades diarreicas agudas en escolares de la Secundaria Básica “Francisco Maceo Osorio” Modification to knowledge of acute diarrheal diseases in schoolchildren of “Francisco Maceo Osorio” Junior High School

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Glenda Pérez Sánchez

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una intervención educativa cuasiexperimental en 60 estudiantes de séptimo grado de la Secundaria Básica Urbana "Francisco Maceo Osorio" de Santiago de Cuba, desde noviembre de 2010 hasta febrero de 2011, con vistas a modificar sus conocimientos sobre las enfermedades diarreicas agudas. Se aplicó un cuestionario que incluía determinados aspectos sobre la afección, cuyas respuestas fueron evaluadas en ese momento y 3 meses después de varias sesiones de trabajo, donde se utilizaron técnicas participativas para intercambiar informaciones y amenizar la actividad. Se utilizaron la frecuencia absoluta y el porcentaje como medidas de resumen para variables cualitativas y se aplicó la prueba de McNemar, con nivel de significación de 95 %. Antes del estudio 85,0 % tenían conocimientos inadecuados sobre el tema, lo cual estuvo relacionado con las insuficientes actividades de promoción y prevención que se efectuaban en el centro; comportamiento que fue variado satisfactoriamente después de este (93,3 %. La acción educativa demostró ser eficaz, de manera que esta experiencia podría extenderse a otros centros escolares del territorio.A quasi-experimental educational intervention was performed in 60 seventh graders of "Francisco Maceo Osorio" Urban Junior High School in Santiago de Cuba, from November 2010 to February 2011, with the purpose of modifying their knowledge of acute diarrheal diseases. A questionnaire was used, which included some aspects on the disease, and their answers were evaluated at that moment and 3 months after several working sessions, where participative techniques were used to exchange information and to make the activity more enjoyable. Absolute frequency and percentage were used as summary measures for qualitative variates and the McNemar test was applied with 95 % significance. Before the study 85.0 % of them had inadequate knowledge of the topic, which was related to the insufficient promotion and

Connecting Past to Present and Watersheds to Ocean: Modeling 165 Years of Incremental Changes to Flows into the San Francisco Bay Delta System

Science.gov (United States)

MacVean, L. J.; Thompson, S. E.; Huttom, P. H.; Sivapalan, M.

2016-02-01

California's Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta sits at the intersection of vast agricultural and population centers, and supplies fresh water for the diverse and often competing needs of ecosystems, farmers, and millions of Californians. Managing and allocating this resource is a complex feat of economics, politics, and engineering, made increasingly contentious by the ongoing drought. The objective of this research is to augment the scientific foundation of management decisions by addressing the question of how flows into the Delta have evolved in response to human intervention since 1850. In particular, quantifying the dynamic components of water usage through vegetative uptake and evapotranspiration, groundwater recharge, flood conveyance, and water exports at incremental levels of development is a key ambition. This approach emphasizes the built environment, which is subject to the local regulatory framework, rather than climate change, which is generally considered immovable without united global effort. This work encompasses the creation of a hydrologic model representing the watersheds of the San Francisco Bay-Delta system, and quantifies the impacts of changes in land use and the gradual construction of levees, reservoirs, and diversion infrastructure. The model is run using the same climatological forcing at each level of development, thus elucidating the effects of local anthropogenic activity on the Delta and the inflows to the San Francisco Bay estuary. Our results provide a timeline of change, giving decision-makers a scientifically established baseline to aid in the sustainable management of the Bay-Delta system.

Interview with René Yáñez, artist, co-founder of the Galería de la Raza, San Francisco, CA, USA, August 13, 2001 Entretien avec René Yáñez, artiste, co-fondateur de la Galería de la Raza, San Francisco, CA, Etats-Unis

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Gérard Selbach

2009-10-01

Full Text Available René Yáñez is an all-round visual artist and visionary, now in his sixties. He came out of the Chicano movement of the 70’s and was instrumental in founding the Galería de la Raza in the Mission district of San Francisco. He remained some fifteen years as its director, curating exhibitions, directing and promoting emerging artists of all kinds. He then worked as director of cultural programming at the Mexican Museum until its closure. René Yáñez co-produced Mexican performance artist Astrid H...

LA PASIÓN DE LA CRUELDAD. EL PAPA FRANCISCO CONTRA LA PENA DE MUERTE - THE PASSION OF CRUELTY. POPE FRANCIS AGAINST DEATH PENALTY

OpenAIRE

Arroyo Zapatero, Luis; Papa Francisco; Carlés, Roberto Manuel; Mayor Zaragoza, Federico; Cuesta de la, José Luis

2016-01-01

El 20 de marzo de 2015 el Papa Francisco recibió en audiencia privada al presidente de la Comisión Internacional contra la Pena de Muerte Federico Mayor Zaragoza, a quien acompañaron la Secretaria General, Asunta Vivó y los profesores Roberto Carlés y Luis Arroyo Zapatero, fundadores de la Red Académica Internacional contra la Pena de muerte y, respectivamente, Secretario General de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Derecho penal y Criminología el primero y presidente de la Société Internat...

Don’t Work, Work at Home, or Commute? Discrete Choice Models of the Decision for San Francisco Bay Area Residents

OpenAIRE

Ory, D T; Mokhtarian, Patricia L

2005-01-01

Using socio-demographic, personality, and attitudinal data from 1,680 residents of the San Francisco Bay Area, we develop and estimate binary, multinomial, and nested logit models of the choice to work or not, whether or not to work at home, and whether to commute all of the time or some of the time (either by only working part time, or by working a compressed work week, or by telecommuting some of the time). To our knowledge, these are the first models of all these choices simultaneously. Th...