Prostatic Artery Embolization (PAE) for Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Part 2, Insights into the Technical Rationale

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sun, Fei, E-mail: feisun@ccmijesususon.com; Crisóstomo, Verónica, E-mail: crisosto@ccmijesususon.com; Báez-Díaz, Claudia, E-mail: cbaez@ccmijesususon.com; Sánchez, Francisco M., E-mail: msanchez@ccmijesususon.com [Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre (Spain)

2016-02-15

Rationale of prostatic artery embolization (PAE) in the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia is conventionally believed to include two parts: shrinkage of the enlarged prostate gland as a result of PAE-induced ischemic infarction and potential effects to relax the increased prostatic smooth muscle tone by reducing the number and density of α{sub 1}-adrenergic receptor in the prostate stroma. This review describes new insights into the likely mechanisms behind PAE, such as ischemia-induced apoptosis, apoptosis enhanced by blockage of androgens circulation to the embolized prostate, secondary denervation following PAE, and potential effect of nitric oxide pathway immediately after embolization. Studies on therapeutic mechanisms in PAE may shed light on potentially new treatment strategies and development of novel techniques.

Current status and historical variations of phthalate ester (PAE) contamination in the sediments from a large Chinese lake (Lake Chaohu).

Science.gov (United States)

Kang, Lei; Wang, Qing-Mei; He, Qi-Shuang; He, Wei; Liu, Wen-Xiu; Kong, Xiang-Zhen; Yang, Bin; Yang, Chen; Jiang, Yu-Jiao; Xu, Fu-Liu

2016-06-01

The residual levels of phthalate esters (PAEs) in the surface and two core sediments from Lake Chaohu were measured with a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The temporal-spatial distributions, compositions of PAEs, and their effecting factors were investigated. The results indicated that di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were three dominant PAE components in both the surface and core sediments. The residual level of total detected PAEs (∑PAEs) in the surface sediments (2.146 ± 2.255 μg/g dw) was lower than that in the western core sediments (10.615 ± 9.733 μg/g) and in the eastern core sediments (5.109 ± 4.741 μg/g). The average content of ∑PAEs in the surface sediments from the inflow rivers (4.128 ± 1.738 μg/g dw) was an order of magnitude higher than those from the lake (0.323 ± 0.093 μg/g dw), and there were similar PAE compositions between the lake and inflow rivers. This finding means that there were important effects of PAE input from the inflow rivers on the compositions and distributions of PAEs in the surface sediments. An increasing trend was found for the residual levels of ΣPAEs, DnBP, and DIBP from the bottom to the surface in both the western and eastern core sediments. Increasing PAE usage with the population growth, urbanization, and industrial and agricultural development in Lake Chaohu watershed would result in the increasing production of PAEs and their resulting presence in the sediments. The significant positive relationships were also found between the PAE contents and the percentage of sand particles, as well as TOC contents in the sediment cores.

Occurrence and risk assessment of phthalate esters (PAEs) in agricultural soils of the Sanjiang Plain, northeast China.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, He; Liang, Hong; Gao, Da-Wen

2017-08-01

This study looks at the pollution status of six priority control phthalate esters (PAEs) under different cultivation of agricultural soils in the Sanjiang Plain, northeast China. Results show the total concentration of PAEs ranged from 162.9 to 946.9 μg kg -1 with an average value of 369.5 μg kg -1 . PAE concentrations in three types of cultivated soils exhibited decreasing order paddy field (532.1 ± 198.1 μg kg -1 ) > vegetable field (308.2 ± 87.5 μg kg -1 ) > bean field (268.2 ± 48.3 μg kg -1 ). Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) were the most abundant PAEs congeners. Compared with previous studies, agricultural soils in the Sanjiang Plain showed relatively low contamination levels. Anthropogenic activities such as cultivation practices and industrial emissions were associated with the distribution pattern of PAEs. Furthermore, human health risks of PAEs were estimated and the non-cancer risk shown negligible but carcinogenic risk of DEHP exceeded the threshold limits value. PAE contaminants originated from cultivation practices and intense anthropogenic activities result in placing the agricultural soils under a potential risk to human health and also to ecosystems in the Sanjiang Plain. Therefore, the contamination status of PAEs in agricultural soil and potential impacts on human health should attract considerable attention.

Johannes Hindi tütar Pille Pae : inimlik headus ei sõltu režiimist / Pille Pae ; interv. Anneli Ammas

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Pae, Pille

2006-01-01

Desintegraatori juhi Johannes Hindi tütar Pille Pae vastab küsimustele, mis puudutavad tema isa armuandmispalve esitamist, isale toetusallkirjade kogumist, Arnold Rüütli suhteid Johannes Hindiga. Lisa: Kes oli Johannes Hint ja mis Desintegraator?

Beyond Barriers: Involving Hispanic Families in the Education Process. Padres a la escuela (PAE).

Science.gov (United States)

Lewis, Magdalena C.

The Padres a la escuela (PAE) or Parents in the School program in San Antonio (Texas) encouraged the participation of Hispanic parents in the education of their children. The successes of the PAE program are used in this guidebook to help parents, program staff, and policy makers in similar efforts. This handbook describes the history,…

Spatio-temporal distributions and the ecological and health risks of phthalate esters (PAEs) in the surface water of a large, shallow Chinese lake

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

He, Wei; Qin, Ning; Kong, Xiangzhen; Liu, Wenxiu; He, Qishuang; Ouyang, Huiling; Yang, Chen; Jiang, Yujiao; Wang, Qingmei; Yang, Bin; Xu, Fuliu, E-mail: xufl@urban.pku.edu.cn

2013-09-01

The spatio-temporal distributions and the ecological and health risks of PAEs in surface water of Lake Chaohu, the fifth largest lake in China, were studied based on the monthly monitoring of six PAE congeners from May 2010 to April 2011. The annual total concentration of the six PAE congeners (Σ{sub 6}PAE) in the surface water ranged from 0.467 to 17.953 μg L{sup −1}, with the average value of 4.042 ± 3.929 μg L{sup −1}. The di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) that dominated the Σ{sub 6}PAE at 65.8% was found at its highest and lowest levels in the western lake (TX) and eastern drinking water source area (JC), respectively. The temporal distributions of Σ{sub 6}PAE showed that the highest and lowest levels were observed in September 2010 and June 2010, respectively. The different relationships between the runoff and the PAEs with low and high levels of carbon might suggest their different sources. The DnBP had much greater ecological risks than the other studied PAE congeners as indicated by its potential affected fractions (PAFs) and the margin of safety (MOS10). The PAE congeners studied posed little health risk to the nearby male and female citizens. - Highlights: • Monthly variation in PAEs was first investigated in a large Chinese shallow lake. • Ecological and health risks with uncertainty were determined. • PAEs with low and high level of carbon would be from different sources. • DnBP predominated within PAE congeners and posed a much greater ecological risks. • The studied PAE congeners posed little health risks to the nearby citizens.

Upgrade of the Surface Spectrometer at NEPOMUC for PAES, XPS and STM Investigations

Science.gov (United States)

Zimnik, S.; Lippert, F.; Hugenschmidt, C.

2014-04-01

The characterization of the elemental composition of surfaces is of great importance for the understanding of many surface processes, such as surface segregation or oxidation. Positron-annihilation-induced Auger Electron Spectroscopy (PAES) is a powerful technique for gathering information about the elemental composition of only the topmost atomic layer of a sample. The upgraded surface spectrometer at NEPOMUC (NEtron induced POsitron source MUniCh) enables a comprehensive surface analysis with the complementary techniques STM, XPS and PAES. A new X-ray source for X-ray induced photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was installed to gather additional information on oxidation states. A new scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is used as a complementary method to investigate with atomic resolution the surface electron density. The combination of PAES, XPS and STM allows the characterization of both the elemental composition, and the surface topology.

Forklaringer på fusioner og opkøb i den danske værdikæde for fødevarer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Henning Otte; Klimek, Bjørn

2016-01-01

Fusioner og opkøb er meget vigtige for virksomheders internationale konkurrenceevne. Derfor er det vigtigt at få identificeret, struktureret og analyseret de bagvedliggende forklaringer og drivkræfter, som fremmer fusioner og opkøb. Der kan grundlæggende være fire forskellige typer af drivkræfter...... bag fusioner, opkøb: Det kan være interne eller eksterne forhold i virksomheden, som har betydning. Samtidig kan der være tale om en aktiv eller en passiv drivkraft. For hele sektoren kan der identificeres mindst 35 forskellige drivkræfter, som har været nævnt som begrundelser for opkøb og fusioner...... de enkelte fusioner og opkøb, og at der har været mange forskellige drivkræfter. En stor del af tidligere opstillede drivkræfter kan således bekræftes ud fra interviewene. Blandt de typisk forekommende drivkræfter nævnes udnyttelse af stordriftsfordele, styrkelse af markeds- og forhandlingsmagten...

Determination of the post-antibiotic effect (PAE) of combinations of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

use

2011-12-12

Dec 12, 2011 ... Post-antibiotic effect (PAE) is one of the pharmacodynamic parameters that can be defined as .... The bacterial strains used in this study were reference strain, ... The mixture was then filtered and the process was repeated by.

Inimesed linnas = People in the city / Kaja Pae

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Pae, Kaja

2006-01-01

Eesti näitus "Joint Space" Veneetsia 10. arhitektuuribiennaalil. AB Urban Mark: Ülar Mark, Indrek Tiigi, Kaja Pae, Yoko Alender, Raul Kalvo, Tartu Ülikooli Geograafiainstituut: Rein Ahas, Anto Aasa, Siiri Silm, Positium ICT: Margus Tiru, Erki Saluveer. Näitusel oli eksponeeritud kolm mobiilpositsioneerimisega läbi viidud case study (EKA liikmete liikumisuuring, Eestit külastanud turistide uuring, Tallinna regiooni pendelrändajate uuring). Bibliograafia lk. 33

Factors Predicting a Good Symptomatic Outcome After Prostate Artery Embolisation (PAE).

Science.gov (United States)

Maclean, D; Harris, M; Drake, T; Maher, B; Modi, S; Dyer, J; Somani, B; Hacking, N; Bryant, T

2018-02-26

As prostate artery embolisation (PAE) becomes an established treatment for benign prostatic obstruction, factors predicting good symptomatic outcome remain unclear. Pre-embolisation prostate size as a predictor is controversial with a handful of papers coming to conflicting conclusions. We aimed to investigate if an association existed in our patient cohort between prostate size and clinical benefit, in addition to evaluating percentage volume reduction as a predictor of symptomatic outcome following PAE. Prospective follow-up of 86 PAE patients at a single institution between June 2012 and January 2016 was conducted (mean age 64.9 years, range 54-80 years). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to assess strength of association between clinical improvement (change in IPSS) and other variables, of any statistical correlation, through Pearson's bivariate analysis. No major procedural complications were identified and clinical success was achieved in 72.1% (n = 62) at 12 months. Initial prostate size and percentage reduction were found to have a significant association with clinical improvement. Multiple linear regression analysis (r 2  = 0.48) demonstrated that percentage volume reduction at 3 months (r = 0.68, p < 0.001) had the strongest correlation with good symptomatic improvement at 12 months after adjusting for confounding factors. Both the initial prostate size and percentage volume reduction at 3 months predict good symptomatic outcome at 12 months. These findings therefore aid patient selection and counselling to achieve optimal outcomes for men undergoing prostate artery embolisation.

The application of welat latino for creating paes in solo wedding bride

Science.gov (United States)

Ihsani, Ade Novi Nurul; Krisnawati, Maria; Prasetyaningtyas, Wulansari; Anggraeni, Puput; Bela, Herlina Tria; Zunaedah, Putri Wahyu

2018-03-01

The purposes of this research were: 1) to find out the process of creating innovative welat, 2) to find out how to use innovative welat for Solo wedding bride paes creation. The method used in the research was research and development (R & D). Sampling technique in this research was purposive sampling by using 13 people as models. The data collection technique used observation and documentation. Data analysis technique used descriptive technique. The results of the study showed that 1) there were two times design change of the validity of welat creation, each product passed through several stages of designing, forming, determining the material and printing, 3) the first way of using the welat determined the distance dot between the cengkorongan of both forms by using welat according to the existed mold. In conclusion, Innovative welat can produce paes in accordance with the standard and shorten the process.

Prostatic Tissue Elimination After Prostatic Artery Embolization (PAE): A Report of Three Cases

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Leite, Leandro Cardarelli; Assis, Andre Moreira de; Moreira, Airton Mota [University of Sao Paulo, Department of Radiology (Brazil); Harward, Sardis Honoria [The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice (United States); Antunes, Alberto Azoubel [University of Sao Paulo, Discipline of Urology (Brazil); Carnevale, Francisco Cesar, E-mail: francisco.carnevale@criep.com.br [University of Sao Paulo, Department of Radiology (Brazil)

2017-06-15

PurposeWe report three cases of spontaneous prostatic tissue elimination through the urethra while voiding following technically successful prostatic artery embolization (PAE) as a treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).MethodsAll patients were embolized with 100- to 300-μm microspheres alone or in combination with 300- to 500-μm microspheres.ResultsDuring follow-up prior to eliminating the tissue fragments, the three patients all presented with intermittent periods of LUTS improvement and aggravation. After expelling the prostatic tissue between 1 and 5 months of follow-up, significant improvements in LUTS and urodynamic parameters were observed in all patients.ConclusionsUrethral obstruction after PAE caused by sloughing prostate tissue is a potential complication of the procedure and should be considered in patients with recurrent LUTS in order to avoid inappropriate management.

Association of PAEs with Precocious Puberty in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yi Wen

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Background: Precocious puberty (PP currently affects 1 in 5000 children and is 10 times more common in girls. Existing studies have tried to detect an association between phathalic acid esters (PAEs and PP, but the results did not reach a consensus. Objective: To estimate the association between PAEs and children with PP based on current evidence. Methods: Databases including PubMed (1978 to March 2015, OVID (1946 to March 2015, Web of Science (1970 to March 2015, EBSCO (1976 to March 2015, CNKI (1979 to March 2015, WANFANG DATA (1987 to March 2015, CBM (1978 to March 2015 and CQVIP (1989 to March 2015 were searched to identify all case-control studies that determined the exposure and concentration of PAEs and their metabolites in children with PP. Meta-analysis of the pooled standard mean difference (SMD and odds ratio (OR with 95% confidence intervals (CI were calculated. Results: A total of 14 studies involving 2223 subjects were finally included. The pooled estimates showed that PP was associated with di-(2-ethylhexyl-phthalate (DEHP exposure (OR: 3.90, 95% CI: 2.77 to 5.49. Besides, the concentration of DEHP (SMD: 1.73, 95% CI: 0.54 to 2.91 and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP (SMD: 4.31, 95% CI: 2.67 to 5.95 in the PP group were significantly higher than those in the control group, respectively, while no difference was detected between case and control groups in either serum or urinary concentration of mono-(2-ethylhexyl-phthalate (MEHP, monobutyl phthalate (MBP, mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate(MEOHP, mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate (MECPP, monomethyl phthalate (MMP, monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP or monoethyl phthalate (MEP. Conclusions: Exposure of DEHP and DBP might be associated with PP risk for girls, however, there is no evidence to show an association between the exposure to most PAE metabolites and PP. Given the moderate strength of the results, well-designed cohort studies with large sample size should be performed in future.

Spatial and temporal variation of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in atmospheric PM10 and PM2.5 and the influence of ambient temperature in Tianjin, China

Science.gov (United States)

Kong, Shaofei; Ji, Yaqin; Liu, Lingling; Chen, Li; Zhao, Xueyan; Wang, Jiajun; Bai, Zhipeng; Sun, Zengrong

2013-08-01

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are produced in large amounts throughout the world and are excessively used in various industries, which have posed a serious threat to human health and the environment. An investigation of six major PAEs congeners in atmospheric PM10 and PM2.5 was synchronously conducted at seven sites belonging to different functional zones in spring, summer and winter in Tianjin, China in 2010. Results showed that the average concentrations of DMP, DEP, DBP, BBP, DEHP and DOP in PM10 were 0.88, 0.73, 12.90, 0.15, 98.29 and 0.83 ng m-3, respectively, and in PM2.5, they were 0.54, 0.30, 8.72, 0.08, 75.68 and 0.33 ng m-3, respectively. DEHP and DBP were the predominant species. The industrial site exhibited highest PAEs values as 135.9 ± 202.8 ng m-3. In winter, the detected percentages for DOP were low. The other five PAEs concentrations were higher in winter than those in spring and summer, which may be related to the influence of emission sources, meteorological parameters and the chemical-physical characteristic of themselves. Except for DOP, other PAEs were negatively correlated with ambient temperature and the relationships were the best fitted as exponential forms. Significant positive correlations were found for PAEs in PM2.5 and PM10, indicating common sources. The PM2.5/PM10 ratios (0.53-0.70) for the six PAEs concentrations suggested that they were preferentially concentrated in finer particles. Principal component analysis indicated the emission from cosmetics and personal care products, plasticizers and sewage and industrial wastewater may be important sources for PAEs in atmospheric particulate matter in Tianjin.

Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) Versus Original and PErFecTED Prostate Artery Embolization (PAE) Due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Preliminary Results of a Single Center, Prospective, Urodynamic-Controlled Analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carnevale, Francisco C., E-mail: fcarnevale@uol.com.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Interventional Radiology Unit (Brazil); Iscaife, Alexandre, E-mail: iscaifeboni@yahoo.com.br; Yoshinaga, Eduardo M., E-mail: dumuracca@ig.com.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Division of Urology (Brazil); Moreira, Airton Mota, E-mail: motamoreira@gmail.com [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Interventional Radiology Unit (Brazil); Antunes, Alberto A., E-mail: antunesuro@uol.com.br; Srougi, Miguel, E-mail: srougi@uol.com.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Division of Urology (Brazil)

2016-01-15

PurposeTo compare clinical and urodynamic results of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) to original and PErFecTED prostate artery embolization (PAE) methods for benign prostatic hyperplasia.MethodsWe prospectively randomized 30 patients to receive TURP or original PAE (oPAE) and compared them to a cohort of patients treated by PErFecTED PAE, with a minimum of 1-year follow-up. Patients were assessed for urodynamic parameters, prostate volume, international prostate symptom score (IPSS), and quality of life (QoL).ResultsAll groups were comparable for all pre-treatment parameters except bladder contractility and peak urine flow rate (Q{sub max}), both of which were significantly better in the TURP group, and IIEF score, which was significantly higher among PErFecTED PAE patients than TURP patients. All groups experienced significant improvement in IPSS, QoL, prostate volume, and Q{sub max}. TURP and PErFecTED PAE both resulted in significantly lower IPSS than oPAE but were not significantly different from one another. TURP resulted in significantly higher Q{sub max} and significantly smaller prostate volume than either original or PErFecTED PAE but required spinal anesthesia and hospitalization. Two patients in the oPAE group with hypocontractile bladders experienced recurrence of symptoms and were treated with TURP. In the TURP group, urinary incontinence occurred in 4/15 patients (26.7 %), rupture of the prostatic capsule in 1/15 (6.7 %), retrograde ejaculation in all patients (100 %), and one patient was readmitted for temporary bladder irrigation due to hematuria.ConclusionsTURP and PAE are both safe and effective treatments. TURP and PErFecTED PAE yield similar symptom improvement, but TURP is associated with both better urodynamic results and more adverse events.

Occurrence and risk assessment of phthalate esters (PAEs) in vegetables and soils of suburban plastic film greenhouses.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Jun; Chen, Gangcai; Christie, Peter; Zhang, Manyun; Luo, Yongming; Teng, Ying

2015-08-01

Phthalate esters (PAEs) are suspected of having adverse effects on human health and have been frequently detected in soils and vegetables. The present study investigated their occurrence and composition in plastic film greenhouse soil-vegetable systems and assessed their potential health risks to farmers exposed to these widespread pollutants. Six priority control phthalates, namely dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), were determined in 44 plastic film greenhouse vegetables and corresponding soils. Total PAEs ranged from 0.51 to 7.16mgkg(-1) in vegetables and 0.40 to 6.20mgkg(-1) in soils with average concentrations of 2.56 and 2.23mgkg(-1), respectively. DnBP, DEHP and DnOP contributed more than 90% of the total PAEs in both vegetables and soils but the proportions of DnBP and DnOP in vegetables were significantly (p3.00mgkg(-1) but were plastic film greenhouses. Health risks were mainly by exposure through vegetable consumption and soil ingestion. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A C-band 55% PAE high gain two-stage power amplifier based on AlGaN/GaN HEMT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zheng Jia-Xin; Ma Xiao-Hua; Zhang Hong-He; Zhang Meng; Hao Yue; Lu Yang; Zhao Bo-Chao; Cao Meng-Yi

2015-01-01

A C-band high efficiency and high gain two-stage power amplifier based on AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) is designed and measured in this paper. The input and output impedances for the optimum power-added efficiency (PAE) are determined at the fundamental and 2nd harmonic frequency (f 0 and 2f 0 ). The harmonic manipulation networks are designed both in the driver stage and the power stage which manipulate the second harmonic to a very low level within the operating frequency band. Then the inter-stage matching network and the output power combining network are calculated to achieve a low insertion loss. So the PAE and the power gain is greatly improved. In an operation frequency range of 5.4 GHz–5.8 GHz in CW mode, the amplifier delivers a maximum output power of 18.62 W, with a PAE of 55.15% and an associated power gain of 28.7 dB, which is an outstanding performance. (paper)

Prostate Artery Embolization (PAE) in the Management of Refractory Hematuria of Prostatic Origin Secondary to Iatrogenic Urological Trauma: A Safe and Effective Technique.

Science.gov (United States)

Kably, Isaam; Pereira, Keith; Chong, William; Bhatia, Shivank

2016-02-01

Incidence of refractory hematuria of prostatic origin (RHPO) is extremely rare, with an iatrogenic etiology even rarer. When conservative methods fail to control bleeding, more invasive surgical methods are needed. In this article we describe our experience with prostatic artery embolization (PAE) as a minimally invasive alternative treatment option in patients with RHPO secondary to iatrogenic urologic trauma. Three patients presented with RHPO. The etiologies were transurethral resection of prostate surgery, Foley catheter removal with a supratherapeutic international normalized ratio and self-traumatic Foley catheter removal respectively. Stepwise management with conservative and medical methods failed to control bleeding. Under local anesthesia and moderate sedation, bilateral PAE was performed via a right common femoral artery access and using cone beam computed tomography. An embolic mixture containing 300-500 um Embosphere® Microspheres (Biosphere Medical, Rockland, MA) was injected under fluoroscopic guidance until stasis was achieved. PAE using the described technique was a technical and clinical success in all three patients. Hematuria resolved within a period of 24 hours. There were no intra- or periprocedural complications. PAE offers a reasonable option in treatment of RHPO, regardless of the cause and may be attempted prior to surgical techniques or sometimes in conjunction. Being minimally invasive and performed under local anesthesia, PAE is especially useful when excessive bleeding prevents adequate visualization of a bleeding source during cystoscopy and in the elderly age group with several comorbidities. An added advantage is the prostatic parenchymal ischemia leading to significant prostate volume reduction and alleviation of the obstructive symptoms. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

pH-sensitive micelles self-assembled from polymer brush (PAE-g-cholesterol-b-PEG-b-(PAE-g-cholesterol for anticancer drug delivery and controlled release

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Huang X

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Xiangxuan Huang,1 Wenbo Liao,1 Gang Zhang,1 Shimin Kang,1 Can Yang Zhang2 1School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA Abstract: A novel amphiphilic pH-sensitive triblock polymer brush (poly(β-amino esters-g-cholesterol-b-poly(ethylene glycol-b-(poly(β-amino esters-g-cholesterol ((PAE-g-Chol-b-PEG-b-(PAE-g-Chol was designed and synthesized successfully through a three-step reaction, and their self-assembled polymeric micelles were used as hydrophobic anticancer drug delivery carriers to realize effectively controlled release. The critical micelle concentrations were 6.8 µg/mL, 12.6 µg/mL, 17.4 µg/mL, and 26.6 µg/mL at pH values of 7.4, 6.5, 6.0, and 5.0, respectively. The trend of critical micelle concentrations indicated that the polymer had high stability that could prolong the circulation time in the body. The hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential of the polymeric micelles were influenced significantly by the pH values. As pH decreased from 7.4 to 5.0, the particle size and zeta potential increased from 205.4 nm to 285.7 nm and from +12.7 mV to +47.0 mV, respectively. The pKb of the polymer was confirmed to be approximately 6.5 by the acid–base titration method. The results showed that the polymer had sharp pH-sensitivity because of the protonation of the amino groups, resulting in transformation of the PAE segment from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. Doxorubicin-loaded polymeric micelles were prepared with a high loading content (20% and entrapment efficiency (60% using the dialysis method. The in vitro results demonstrated that drug release rate and cumulative release were obviously dependent on pH values. Furthermore, the drug release mechanism was also controlled by the pH values. The polymer had barely any cytotoxicity, whereas the

Matemaatika mänguline õppimine hoiab rutiini eemal : Kohtla-Järve Slaavi Põhikool, Tallinna Pae Gümnaasium

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2015-01-01

Vestlusest Kohtla-Järve Slaavi Põhikooli matemaatikaõpetaja ja keelekümblusvaldkonna õppealajuhataja Jelena Bezvoditskaja ja Tallinna Pae Gümnaasiumi matemaatikaõpetaja ning algklasside keelekümblusprogrammi juhi Roza Skatškovaga

“I Want It All, and I Want It Now”: Lifetime Prevalence and Reasons for Using and Abstaining from Controlled Performance and Appearance Enhancing Substances (PAES among Young Exercisers and Amateur Athletes in Five European Countries

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lambros Lazuras

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Doping use in recreational sports is an emerging issue that has received limited attention so far in the psychological literature. The present study assessed the lifetime prevalence of controlled performance and appearance enhancing substances (PAES, and used behavioral reasoning theory to identify the reasons for using and for avoiding using controlled PAES in young exercisers across five European countries, in the context of the “SAFE YOU” Project. Participants were 915 young amateur athletes and exercisers (M = 21.62; SD = 2.62 from Cyprus, Germany, Greece, Italy, and UK who completed an anonymous questionnaire that included measures of self-reported use of controlled PAES, as well as reasons for using and not using controlled PAES. The results of the descriptive analyses demonstrated that almost one out five exercisers in the sample had a previous experience with controlled PAES. Higher prevalence rates were found in Greece and Cyprus and lower in Italy. The most frequently reported reasons for using controlled PAES included achieving the desired results faster; pushing the self to the (physical limits; and recovering faster after exercise/training. Furthermore, the most frequently reported reasons for not using controlled PAES involved worry about any possible adverse health effects; not feeling the need for using them; and wanting to see what can be achieved naturally without using any controlled PAES. The findings of the present study indicate that the use of controlled PAES is fast becoming a crisis in amateur sports and exercise settings and highlight the need for preventive action and concerted anti-doping education efforts.

Ozone and atmospheric pollution at synoptic scale: the monitoring network Paes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gheusi, F.; Chevalier, A.; Delmas, R.; Athier, G.; Bouchou, P.; Cousin, J.M.; Meyerfeld, Y.; Laj, P.; Sellegri, K.; Ancellet, G.

2007-01-01

Ozone as an environmental concern extends beyond the questions usually covered by media - stratospheric ozone depletion and urban pollution peaks. Strong expositions to this pollutant are frequent even far from pollution sources, and the background tropospheric content of ozone has been growing fivefold over the last century. In response to this concern at the French national scale, formerly independent monitoring stations have been coordinated since 2004 in a structured network: Paes (French acronym for atmospheric pollution at synoptic scale). The data are put in free access online. (authors)

Respuesta a Escalante (2011 "De cómo el análisis de parsimonia de endemismos (PAE tampoco explica la selección natural" A reply to Escalante (2011 "About how Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity does not explain natural selection either"

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mariano Donato

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Discutimos algunos tópicos que a nuestro entender son controvertidos del trabajo de Escalante (2011. Tanto la definición del PAE como las clasificaciones de los tipos de PAE propuestas por la autora, no reflejan exactamente la propuesta por los autores originales. La defensa que la autora hace a críticas que se han hecho del PAE, creemos que no está justificada. El argumento que utiliza para descalificar estas críticas se contradice con respecto a una de las clasificaciones que propone para el PAE. PAE como método histórico, tiene como objetivo el descubrimiento de relaciones entre áreas. De esta manera, consideramos que el hecho de tener los mismos objetivos que los métodos de la biogeografía cladística es lo que permite su comparación. El PAE considera las especies endémicas de algunas áreas (análogas a sinapomorfías en sistemática filogenética como indicadoras de una historia biótica compartida entre ellas, similar a la aplicación del supuesto 0. La presencia de tales especies en esas áreas también podría explicarse por eventos de dispersión recientes, o bien, porque se encuentran condiciones ecológicas favorables. La pregunta que se le hace al PAE es fundamental para la obtención de hipótesis coherentes, pero no necesariamente la respuesta correcta se obtiene con PAE.We discuss some topics which we believe are controversial on Escalante's work (2011. Both, the definition of PAE and the classification of the types of PAE proposed by the author do not accurately reflect the proposal by the original authors. The defense that the author makes is not justified. The argument used to dismiss these criticisms are inconsistent with the classification proposed for the PAE. PAE as historical method aims at discovering relationships between areas. Thus, we believe that having the same objectives as the methods of cladistic biogeography allow us the comparison. PAE considers the endemic species in shared areas as indicative of

The Human Health Assessment to Phthalate Acid Esters (PAEs and Potential Probability Prediction by Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter EEM-FRI Fluorescence in Erlong Lake

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Meichen Ji

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Phthalate acid esters (PAEs are suspected to cause wide environmental pollution and have adverse effects on human health. Three priority control phthalates, namely dimethyl phthalate (DMP, diethyl phthalate (DEP, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP, were determined in 45 water samples from the largest drinking water source in Jilin Province. Chromophoric-dissolved organic matter (CDOM, which are composed of complex compounds and are a proxy for water quality, can be monitored using a fluorometer. This study attempted to understand the correlations of the CDOM fluorescence regional integration (FRI components with PAEs and CDOM characteristics under seasonal and spatial variations in the Erlong Lake. The characteristics of the CDOM absorption parameters in different water samples showed a higher aromatic content and molecular weight in October because of increased terrestrial inputs. The Σ3PAEs concentrations ranged from 0.231 mg L−1 to 0.435 mg L−1 in water, and DEP contributed to more than 90% of the Σ3PAEs. The FRI method identified five fluorescence components: one tyrosine-like (R1, one tryptophan-like (R2, one fulvic-like (R3, one microbial protein-like (R4, and one humic-like (R5 component. However, significant relationships exist between DEP and R3 (R2 = 0.78, p < 0.001, R4 (R2 = 0.77, p < 0.001, and R5 (R2 = 0.58, p < 0.001. Quantifying the relationship between CDOM and PAEs was highly significant, because the results will simplify the componential analysis of pollutants from a spatiotemporal perspective as compared to traditional chemical measurements. The human health risk assessment results revealed no human health risk (HQ < 1 in the Erlong Lake basin.

Biomarkers for the detection of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bjerregaard, Lene Berit Skov; Bager, Heidi; Husby, Steffen

2017-01-01

Alcohol exposure during pregnancy can cause adverse effects to the fetus, because it interferes with fetal development, leading to later physical and mental impairment. The most common clinical tool to determine fetal alcohol exposure is maternal self-reporting. However, a more objective and useful...... method is based on the use of biomarkers in biological specimens alone or in combination with maternal self-reporting. This review reports on clinically relevant biomarkers for detection of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). A systematic search was performed to ensure a proper overview in existing...... to be applicable for detection of even low levels of alcohol exposure. Meconium is an accessible matrix for determination of FAEEs and EtG, and blood an accessible matrix for determination of PEth....

Prostatic Artery Embolization (PAE) for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) with Haematuria in the Absence of an Upper Urinary Tract Pathology.

Science.gov (United States)

Tapping, Charles R; Macdonald, Andrew; Hadi, Mo; Mortensen, Chloe; Crew, Jeremy; Protheroe, Andrew; Little, Mark W; Boardman, Phil

2018-03-26

To assess the effectiveness of prostate artery embolization (PAE) in the control of haematuria and in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and normal upper urinary tracts. Twelve consecutive patients with haematuria were included in the prospective study. All patients had prior imaging and cystoscopy to exclude other causes of haematuria. Patients prostate arteries were embolized with particles (200-500 μm), and they were followed up at 3, 12 and 18 months following the procedure. QOL questionnaires, IPSS, IIEF and clinical review were all employed to assess the success of the treatment. To allow useful comparison, patients were age- and prostate volume-matched and compared to patients treated with PAE for BPH without haematuria. All 12/12 cases were technically successful with bilateral PAE being performed. All cases of haematuria resolved by the 3-month follow-up (100%). There was one case of recurrence during the 12-month follow-up (overall clinical success at 18 months 92%). This was due to over anticoagulation and ceased once corrected. There was a reduction in lower urinary tract symptoms noted by improvements in QOL indices, IPSS and IIEF. There was continued success even if the patient was subsequently anticoagulated. There was no associated sexual dysfunction. There was more prostatic arterial branching and volume of embolic required to achieve stasis in BPH and haematuria than in BPH alone (p BPH allows a significant improvement in QOL.

Self-assembled micelles based on pH-sensitive PAE-g-MPEG-cholesterol block copolymer for anticancer drug delivery

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zhang CY

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Can Yang Zhang, Di Xiong, Yao Sun, Bin Zhao, Wen Jing Lin, Li Juan Zhang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China Abstract: A novel amphiphilic triblock pH-sensitive poly(ß-amino ester-g-poly(ethylene glycol methyl ether-cholesterol (PAE-g-MPEG-Chol was designed and synthesized via the Michael-type step polymerization and esterification condensation method. The synthesized copolymer was determined with proton nuclear magnetic resonance and gel permeation chromatography. The grafting percentages of MPEG and cholesterol were determined as 10.93% and 62.02%, calculated from the area of the characteristic peaks, respectively. The amphiphilic copolymer was confirmed to self-assemble into core/shell micelles in aqueous solution at low concentrations. The critical micelle concentrations were 6.92 and 15.14 mg/L at pH of 7.4 and 6.0, respectively, obviously influenced by the changes of pH values. The solubility of pH-responsive PAE segment could be transformed depending on the different values of pH because of protonation–deprotonation of the amino groups, resulting in pH sensitivity of the copolymer. The average particle size of micelles increased from 125 nm to 165 nm with the pH decreasing, and the zeta potential was also significantly changed. Doxorubicin (DOX was entrapped into the polymeric micelles with a high drug loading level. The in vitro DOX release from the micelles was distinctly enhanced with the pH decreasing from 7.4 to 6.0. Toxicity testing proved that the DOX-loaded micelles exhibited high cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells, whereas the copolymer showed low toxicity. The results demonstrated how pH-sensitive PAE-g-MPEG-Chol micelles were proved to be a potential vector in hydrophobic drug delivery for tumor therapy. Keywords: micelle, pH-sensitive, cholesterol, poly(ß-amino ester, drug delivery

AMOR COM HUMOR: A RECRIAÇÃO DO EPITALÂMIO NA POESIA DE JOSÉ PAULO PAES

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Renan Pires Cornette

2013-12-01

Full Text Available One of the characteristics of the poetry of José Paulo Paes is the recuperation of classical traditional forms adjusting the models of the past to his personal diction by using critical dislocation. This occurs with the epithalamium, a lyrical composition that was originally practiced by the Greeks in honor of newlyweds. Amongst the Romans it took on a pornographic character and was ratified traditionally by self-seeking flattery. This article proposes to analyze three epithalamiums written by the poet, seeking to show the traces of difference inserted by the poet in this classical lyric form.

Landmandens verden bliver ustabil

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Henning Otte

2016-01-01

Der er udsigt til, at de ustabile priser er kommet for at blive. Fødevarekriser og fjernelse af prisstøtten i EU‘s landbrugspolitik er væsentlige forklaringer. Både landmanden selv, andelsselskaberne og den finansielle sektor kan bidrage til at begrænse ustabiliteten.......Der er udsigt til, at de ustabile priser er kommet for at blive. Fødevarekriser og fjernelse af prisstøtten i EU‘s landbrugspolitik er væsentlige forklaringer. Både landmanden selv, andelsselskaberne og den finansielle sektor kan bidrage til at begrænse ustabiliteten....

A 900 MHz, 21 dBm CMOS linear power amplifier with 35% PAE for RFID readers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Han Kefeng; Cao Shengguo; Tan Xi; Yan Na; Wang Junyu; Tang Zhangwen; Min Hao, E-mail: tanxi@fudan.edu.cn [State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203 (China)

2010-12-15

A two-stage differential linear power amplifier (PA) fabricated by 0.18 {mu}m CMOS technology is presented. An output matching and harmonic termination network is exploited to enhance the output power, efficiency and harmonic performance. Measurements show that the designed PA reaches a saturated power of 21.1 dBm and the peak power added efficiency (PAE) is 35.4%, the power gain is 23.3 dB from a power supply of 1.8 V and the harmonics are well controlled. The total area with ESD protected PAD is 1.2 x 0.55 mm{sup 2}. System measurements also show that this power amplifier meets the design specifications and can be applied for RFID reader. (semiconductor integrated circuits)

A 900 MHz, 21 dBm CMOS linear power amplifier with 35% PAE for RFID readers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Han Kefeng; Cao Shengguo; Tan Xi; Yan Na; Wang Junyu; Tang Zhangwen; Min Hao

2010-01-01

A two-stage differential linear power amplifier (PA) fabricated by 0.18 μm CMOS technology is presented. An output matching and harmonic termination network is exploited to enhance the output power, efficiency and harmonic performance. Measurements show that the designed PA reaches a saturated power of 21.1 dBm and the peak power added efficiency (PAE) is 35.4%, the power gain is 23.3 dB from a power supply of 1.8 V and the harmonics are well controlled. The total area with ESD protected PAD is 1.2 x 0.55 mm 2 . System measurements also show that this power amplifier meets the design specifications and can be applied for RFID reader. (semiconductor integrated circuits)

Exploring the boundaries of individual and collective land use management: institutional arrangements in the PAE Chico Mendes (Acre, Brazil

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François-Michel Le Tourneau

2017-03-01

Full Text Available The economic modernization of the Amazon fostered by the Brazilian military government during the 1960s and 1970s was largely realized without taking into consideration the presence of local households which lived from the extraction of forest products (mainly non-timber. When they began to be expulsed, a political resistance, often guided by the Catholic Church, appeared as well as the creation of unions based on traditional identities, especially that of rubber tappers. During the 1980s, these unions made a strategic alliance with the ecologist movement which started to consider traditional populations, whose lifestyle depended on the forest, as allies for the protection of the Amazon rainforest. The movement gained a decisive momentum at the end of the decade by putting forward new proposals of land tenure for traditional populations, grounded on collective land rights. This strategy has been very efficient during the 1990s and 2000s, during which about 1,300,000 km2 of rainforest were set apart and reserved for the use of “traditional communities” under a variety of legal status. But it has also led to mix under the same “collective” etiquette and principles a number of different ways of using and managing land and natural resources. This assumption however should be nuanced by a careful analysis of the resource management systems existing in each case, for they are in general complex and mix varying proportions of individual and collective decisions. The aim of this paper is to explore this question using the example of the Chico Mendes agroextractive settlement (PAE-CM, inhabited by about 100 rubber tapper families and symbolic of the political struggle of traditional populations in the Amazon for being the home of the rubber tapper leader Chico Mendes assassinated in 1988. Applying Ostrom “design principles”, we try to catch what are the local institutional arrangements and to see if they suggest

Monitoring of PAEMs and beta-agonists in urine for a small group of experimental subjects and PAEs and beta-agonists in drinking water consumed by the same subjects.

Science.gov (United States)

Liou, Saou-Hsing; Yang, Gordon C C; Wang, Chih-Lung; Chiu, Yu-Han

2014-07-30

This 5-month study contains two parts: (1) to monitor the concentrations of 11 phthalate esters metabolites (PAEMs) and two beta-agonists in human urine samples collected from a small group of consented participants including 16 females and five males; and (2) to analyze the residues of phthalate esters (PAEs) and beta-agonists in various categories of drinking water consumed by the same group of subjects. Each category of human urine and drinking water had 183 samples of its own. The analytical results showed that nine PAEMs were detected in human urine and eight PAEs were detected in drinking water samples. It was found that average concentrations of PAEMs increased as the age increased, but no significant difference between sexes. Further, using the principal component analysis, the loadings of age effect were found to be two times greater than that of gender effect in terms of four DEHP metabolites. Regarding beta-agonists of concern (i.e., ractopamine and salbutamol), they were neither detected in human urine nor drinking water samples in this study. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Transnational organisatorisk innovation i den offentlige sektor

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Morten Balle

2013-01-01

Artiklen undersøger tre problemstillinger: 1) Hvor udbredt er forskellige former for transnational organisatorisk innovation i den danske offentlige sektor? 2) Hvordan er disse organisatoriske innovationer relateret til hinanden? 3) Er forskelle i deres udbredelse relateret til forskelle mellem den...... forskelle og ligheder mellem statslige og kommunale organisationer. 11 former for organisatorisk innovation, hvoraf mange ofte forbindes med New Public Management (NPM), er inkluderet i de empiriske analyser: privatisering/udlicitering, Bestiller-Udfører-model, kontraktstyring, mål- og rammestyring...... innovationer. Forskellige fortolkninger af den større udbredelse i kommuner end i stat drøftes....

New Public Management - Are we talking same languages?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Voxted, Søren; Andersen, Torben; Rasmussen, Erling

Paperet er et longitudinalt studie der beskriver forskelle og ligheder mellem New Zealand og Danmark ved anvendelse og udlægning af NPM teorier......Paperet er et longitudinalt studie der beskriver forskelle og ligheder mellem New Zealand og Danmark ved anvendelse og udlægning af NPM teorier...

Modelling Real Property Transactions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Stubkjær, Erik

2003-01-01

Der er store forskelle i financieringsomkostningerne ved hussalg i forskellige lande. Er disse forskelle nødvendige? og kan udgifterne reduceres? Sådanne spørgsmål søger forskningsprojektet ?Modelling Real Property Transactions?, officielt sat i værk indenfor rammerne af COST (European Co...

The impact of prostate artery embolization (PAE) on the the physical history and pathophysiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Science.gov (United States)

Stamatiou, Konstantinos

2018-03-31

Prostate artery embolization (PAE) is a non invasive modality for the treatment of benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) related lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). As a relatively new procedure, data determining the clinical success is somehow scarce. In the present article we examine the current clinical outcome measures in order to identify the most accurate. Current imaging outcome measures are consistent with clinical ones only in the group of patients with adenomatous- dominant BPH while are inconsistent in patients with small sized adenomas. Additional studies and/or evaluation tools are needed in order to provide accurate evaluation of clinical success in the subgroup of patients with non- adenomatous-dominant BPH while they may inspire new options and novel techniques for both BPH treatment and treatment-follow up.

Vurdering af roebiomassefraktioner som husdyrfoder belyst gennem analyser og forsøg

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nørgaard, Jan Værum; Hvelplund, Torben

2011-01-01

Der var ikke væsentlige forskelle på pulpen mellem de to roesorter Angus (sukkerroe) og Colosse (foderroe). Derimod var der store forskelle mellem pulp fra rod og top fraktionerne. Rod fraktionerne var karakteriseret af et stort sukkerindhold og høje in vitro og in vivo fordøjeligheder for både...

Samfundsmæssige skævheder i klassen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brinkkjær, Ulf

2014-01-01

Sociale forskelle og dermed forskelle i både børns og læreres baggrundsmiljøer betyder noget for skolens distribution af viden og dermed for, hvad som læres af hvem og på hvilke måder. Denne indirekte form for ledelse i klasserummet kanaliserer skolesucces for det bedre stillede mellemlag. Kapitl...

Estudio de situación y Plan de Mercadeo para la introducción de la Pastilla Anticonceptiva de Emergencia (PAE), en Costa Rica

OpenAIRE

Carvajal Rojas, Lucrecia

2004-01-01

Universidad de Costa Rica. Posgrado en Administración y Dirección de Empresas. Maestría Profesional en Administración y Dirección de Empresas con énfasis en Mercadeo y Ventas El objetivo general del trabajo es investigar la situación actual y los distintos públicos de la PAE en Costa Rica, para desarrollar un plan de mercadotecnia, que le garantice a la Asociación Demográfica Costarricense el éxito en la introducción, educación y divulgación de este método anticonceptivo de emerge...

Gamle og nye Holmes-fans

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lauridsen, Palle Schantz

2016-01-01

På baggrund af et internetbaseret spørgeskema undersøger artiklen forskelle og ligheder mellem medlemmer af Sherlock Holmes Klubben i Danmark og følgere af facebook-siden Sherlocked.dk......På baggrund af et internetbaseret spørgeskema undersøger artiklen forskelle og ligheder mellem medlemmer af Sherlock Holmes Klubben i Danmark og følgere af facebook-siden Sherlocked.dk...

Integrated vs. Federated Search

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Løvschall, Kasper

2009-01-01

Oplæg om forskelle og ligheder mellem integrated og federated search i bibliotekskontekst. Holdt ved temadag om "Integrated Search - samsøgning i alle kilder" på Danmarks Biblioteksskole den 22. januar 2009.......Oplæg om forskelle og ligheder mellem integrated og federated search i bibliotekskontekst. Holdt ved temadag om "Integrated Search - samsøgning i alle kilder" på Danmarks Biblioteksskole den 22. januar 2009....

Darwin i regnemaskinen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Johansen, Mikkel Willum

2012-01-01

Forsøget på at five evolutionsbiologiske forklaringer på menneskelig adfærd har nu nået matematikken. Men giver det mening at se matematik som et produkt af den blinde, biologiske evolution, mennesket har gennemgået?...

Små kvalitetsforskelle mellem offentlige og private plejecentre

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hjelmar, Ulf; Bhatti, Yosef; Vrangbæk, Karsten

2016-01-01

I en ny forskningsrapport sammenlignes kvaliteten på tværs af offentlige og private plejehjem i Danmark. Rapporten finder interessante forskelle mellem offentlige og private udbydere men konkluderer overordnet, at lighederne generelt er større end forskellene.......I en ny forskningsrapport sammenlignes kvaliteten på tværs af offentlige og private plejehjem i Danmark. Rapporten finder interessante forskelle mellem offentlige og private udbydere men konkluderer overordnet, at lighederne generelt er større end forskellene....

Konspirationsteorier og alternative forklaringer i historieundervisningen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Peters, Rikke Louise Alberg

2017-01-01

, nemlig historiebrug og kildearbejde. Til slut illustreres ud fra en konkret case, nemlig konspirationsteorien om ’Eurabia’, som vi bl.a. kender fra Anders Breiviks manifest, hvorledes eleverne kan arbejde problemorienteret, forholde sig kildekritisk og afdække væsentlige aspekter omkring historiebrug....

Transnational organisatorisk innovation i den offentlige sektor

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Morten Balle

Artiklen undersøger tre problemstillinger: 1) Hvor udbredt er forskellige former for transnational organisatorisk innovation i den danske offentlige sektor? 2) Hvordan er disse organisatoriske innovationer relateret til hinanden? 3) Er forskelle i deres udbredelse signifikant relateret til...... innovation og dels på forskelle og ligheder mellem statslige og kommunale organisationer. Elleve former for organisatorisk innovation, hvoraf mange ofte forbindes med New Public Management (NPM), er inkluderet i de empiriske analyser: Privatisering/udlicitering, Bestiller-Udfører model, Kontraktstyring, Mål...

Den Russiske Revolution og nationalitetsproblemet

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Østergaard, Uffe

2017-01-01

Historisk set. Lenin troede, at det kommunistiske styre ville afvikle de nationale og sproglige forskelle, men Stalin havde ikke tålmodighed til at vente på det, og det nationale spørgsmål blev aldrig løst under sovjetstyret.......Historisk set. Lenin troede, at det kommunistiske styre ville afvikle de nationale og sproglige forskelle, men Stalin havde ikke tålmodighed til at vente på det, og det nationale spørgsmål blev aldrig løst under sovjetstyret....

Analysis of PAEs contaminants in water sources for agriculture, industrial and residential areas from local city district

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Qidan; Chen, Qixian; Wu, Fei; Liao, Jia; Zhao, Xi

2018-02-01

The technology of DEHP and DBP detection by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) was developed and applied in analysis of local water sources from agriculture, industrial and residential areas. Under the optimized sample pretreatment and detection conditions, DEHP and DBP were well separated and detected in 4 mins. The detection limit of DBP was 0.002 mg/L and DEHP was 0.006 mg/L, and it meets the Chinese National Standard limitations for drinking water quality. The linear correlation coefficient of DBP and DEHP standard calibration curves was 0.9998 and 0.9995. The linear range of DBP was 0.020 mg/L ∼20.0 mg/L, with the standard deviation of 0.560% ∼5.07%, and the linear range of DEHP was 0.060 mg/L ∼15.0 mg/L, with the standard deviation of 0.546% ∼5.74%. Ten water samples from Jinwan district of Zhuhai in Guangdong province of China were analyzed. However, the PAEs amounts found in the water sources from industrial areas were higher than the agriculture and residential areas, industries grow incredibly fast in the district in recently years and more attention should be paid to the increasing risks of water sources pollution.

Hjernevask og Radikalisering i Grimhøjmoskeen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Suhr, Christian

2015-01-01

Onsdag mødtes Folketinget for at diskutere radikalisering og muligheden for at lukke moskeer, som forkynder anti-demokratiske holdninger. Flere politikere har udtalt, at når det kommer til islamisk ekstremisme, er det nytteløst at lede efter forklaringer. Ud fra min forskning og mit feltarbejde b...

Unge, uddannelse og netværk

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tireli, Üzeyir

2014-01-01

Kapitlet gennemgår, hvordan de unge har det, og hvem der kan anses for at befinde sig i risikopositioner. Kapitlet gennemgår forskellige sociologiske forklaringer på det risikofyldte i unges liv, og med udgangspunkt i begreberne "tillid" "deltagelse" og "fællesskab" diskuteres hvorledes det pædag...

Køn findes ikke på arabisk

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christiansen, Connie Carøe

2013-01-01

Der er ofte uforudsete komplikationer, når man som regering i et europæisk land ønsker at forbedre kvinders rettigheder i et land som Yemen, der er berygtet for at tilbyde sin kvindelige del af befolkningen markant ringere vilkår end den mandlige del. Komplikationerne har mange forklaringer, men...

Management leksikon

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hildebrandt, Steen; Holm, Claus; Hansen, Susanne S.

Børsens Management Leksikon indeholder ajourførte forklaringer på ca. 4000 aktuelle begreber inden for ledelse, strategi, organisation, forretningudvikling og en række tilgrænsende discipliner. Bogen er den første af sin art i Skandinavien og udkom første gang i 1984. Den er baseret på omfattende...

The effectiveness of preplant seed bio-invigoration techniques using Bacillus sp. CKD061 to improving seed viability and vigor of several local upland rice cultivars of Southeast Sulawesi

Science.gov (United States)

Sutariati, G. A. K.; Bande, L. O. S.; Khaeruni, A.; Muhidin; Mudi, L.; Savitri, R. M.

2018-02-01

Research was aimed to evaluate the bio-invigoration techniques using Bacillus sp. CKD061 in improving seed viability and vigor of local upland rice. The research is arranged in factorial with completely randomized design (CRD). The different upland rice cultivars as first factor that consists of 11 cultivars, namely: Pae Tinangge, Pae Rowu, Pae Uwa, Pae Tanta, Pae Waburi-Buri, Pae Mornene, Pae Indalibana, Pae Lawarangka, Pae Huko, Pae Wagamba and Pae Momea. The second factor is the seed bio-invigoration technique, consists of 5 treatments, namely: without seed bio-invigoration (B0), NaCl + Bacillus sp. CKD061 (B1), KNO3 + Bacillus sp. CKD061 (B2), Ground burned-rice husk + Bacillus sp. CKD061 (B3), and Ground brick + Bacillus sp. CKD061 (B4). The results showed that seed bio-invigoration using Bacillus sp. CKD061 gave effect on the seed viability and vigor. Interaction of the seed bio-invigoration and upland rice cultivars were able to improve seed viability and vigor. Seed bio-invigoration ttreatment using ground brick + Bacillus sp. CKD061 was the best treatment, which could improve the viability and vigor of Pae Waburi-Buri, Pae Mornene and Pae Indalibana. The treatment increased vigor index by 133% in Pae Waburi-Buri and 127% in Pae Mornene, and Pae Indalibana compared with control.

Social arv

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ploug, Niels

Formålet med forskningsprogrammet om social arv har været at bidrage med ny viden om forhold, der har afgørende betydning for de sociale forskelle i Danmark. Denne sammenfatning giver et overblik over de væsentligste resultater fra undersøgelserne af den sociale arv set i et livsløbsperspektiv og...... på den sociale arv i forbindelse med daginstitutioner, skole og uddannelse samt sundhed. Det ser ud til, at de kulturelle forhold – forstået som den påvirkning der finder sted mellem mennesker i deres løbende omgang med hinanden – spiller en betydelig rolle i forklaringen af sociale forskelle...

PISA-undersøgelsen - kan den bruges til noget?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lindenskov, Lena; Jankvist, Uffe Thomas; Fink, Klaus

2014-01-01

Der gives beskrivelser af det indhold i PISA-rapporterne, som kan betyde noget for, hvordan matematiklærere og didaktikere kan handle. Med fokus på PISA 2012 gengives 4 matematik-spørgsmål, hovedresultater fra elevbesvarelser af opgaver og spørgeskemaer samt forklaringer og nye didaktiske spørgsm....... Der sammenlignes også kort med TIMSS 2011....

Gymnasieelever vil det samme på tværs af etniske skel

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Moldenhawer, Bolette; Kamp, Mikkel

2018-01-01

Gymnasieelever, der ikke er fødte Danmark, har nogenlunde det samme syn på, hvad de fagligt og socialt skal have ud af at gå på gymnasiet, som deres kammerater med pæredanske forældre. Der er dog mindre forskelle, som det er vigtigt at tale om i klasseværelset, mener forskere.......Gymnasieelever, der ikke er fødte Danmark, har nogenlunde det samme syn på, hvad de fagligt og socialt skal have ud af at gå på gymnasiet, som deres kammerater med pæredanske forældre. Der er dog mindre forskelle, som det er vigtigt at tale om i klasseværelset, mener forskere....

Distribution af video – lige meget hvordan?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Diba Markus

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Artiklen omhandler løsninger til distribution af video og de faktorer, der kan være udslagsgivende, når man som underviser eller universitet skal vælge, hvilken man vil gøre brug af. De kommercielle løsninger såsom YouTube m.fl. er kendt af de fleste. Hvad færre måske ved er, at der eksisterer alternativer. På europæisk plan har en række institutioner og forskningsnet, herunder det danske, således valgt at lave deres egne løsninger. Der er afgørende forskelle i disse hhv. kommercielle og ikke-kommercielle videodistributionstjenesters tilgange til problemstillinger vedrørende adgangsbegrænsning, ophavsret, metadatering og bevaring samt kvalitetssikring af indhold - forskelle, der for en stor del udspringer af deres respektive opdrag og muligheder for brugerautentificering. Kun de færreste af alternativerne kan bruges af danske studerende og universitetsansatte. Som der argumenteres for i artiklen, er disse problemstillinger imidlertid vigtig baggrundsinformation, når der skal tages stilling til, hvordan man bedst distribuerer videoressourcer. I artiklen beskrives overordnede fællestræk ved hhv. de kommercielle og de ikke-kommercielle distributionsløsninger, og de helt grundliggende forskelle mellem dem diskuteres.

Kognitiv regimeteori

OpenAIRE

Bergset, Nils Øyvind

2000-01-01

Min hovedoppgave er en teoretisk litteraturgjennomgang og en kvalitativ innholdsanalyse av den retningen innen studiet av internasjonal politikk som kalles kognitiv regimeteori. Disse dekker feltet fra rasjonalistiske til og med konstruktivistiske teorier. Jeg går gjennom forutsetningene, substansen og logikken i kognitive regimeteorier for å finne forklaringer på regimers dannelse og effektivitet. Regimer er sakstilknyttede institusjoner som binder aktørers interaksjon i internasjonale relas...

Social work and disability

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Niels Rosendal

2018-01-01

Anmeldelsen sammenligner indledningvist dansk og britisk socialpædagogisk arbejde med udviklingshæmmede, pointerer nogle ligheder og forskelle og diskuterer derefter bogens teoretiske grundlag og praktiske perspektiver....

Paeoniflorin inhibits the growth of bladder carcinoma via deactivation of STAT3

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yang Jianhui

2018-06-01

Full Text Available Bladder cancer (BCa is one of the most common urinary cancers. The present study aims to investigate whether Paeoniflorin (Pae can exert inhibitory effects on BCa. The results showed that Pae inhibited proliferation of human BCa cell lines in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Pae and cisplatin (Cis synergistically inhibited the growth of tumours in RT4-bearing mice. Pae treatment neutralized the body loss induced by Cis. Moreover, Pae induced apoptosis in RT4 cells and increased the activities of caspase3, caspase8 and caspase9. Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (p-STAT3 level were decreased in Pae-treated RT4 cells and Pae-treated tumour-bearing mice. Furthermore, STAT3 transcriptional target B-cell lymphoma-2 was decreased in Pae-treated RT4 cells. Interestingly, Pae prevented translocation of STAT3 to the nucleus in RT4 cells. Collectively, Pae inhibits the growth of BCa, at least in part, via a STAT3 pathway.

Forskelle i drenge og pigers drikkekulturer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Demant, Jakob

2006-01-01

Udsolgt fra forlaget. Tilgængelig som ebog: http://ebookstore.ebog.dk/Home/HTML/moreinfo.asp?bookid=536955369......Udsolgt fra forlaget. Tilgængelig som ebog: http://ebookstore.ebog.dk/Home/HTML/moreinfo.asp?bookid=536955369...

Store kommunale forskelle på akutfunktioner

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Schou, Lone Helle; Meijer, Mathias; Hendriksen, Carsten

2016-01-01

The literature indicates that out-of-hospital acute medical care services that are mobile, available around the clock, staffed by trained professionals, and which are flexible in terms of time and type of call-out can reduce (re)admissions and improve patients’ quality of life and satisfaction......-based acute medical care. It also includes irreversibly dying persons who wish to die at home, persons with comorbid conditions or elderly medical patients. This form of emergency medical care service is largely provided by nurses. In some municipalities, the team also includes physicians and occupational...... of continuity of care between the municipality, hospital and primary care physician. Keywords: Acute medical care services, acute care teams, acute care centres, out-of-hospital nurse-led acute medical care, cross-sectoral continuity of care....

Comparative genome analysis provides insights into the evolution and adaptation of Pseudomonas syringae pv. aesculi on Aesculus hippocastanum.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sarah Green

Full Text Available A recently emerging bleeding canker disease, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pathovar aesculi (Pae, is threatening European horse chestnut in northwest Europe. Very little is known about the origin and biology of this new disease. We used the nucleotide sequences of seven commonly used marker genes to investigate the phylogeny of three strains isolated recently from bleeding stem cankers on European horse chestnut in Britain (E-Pae. On the basis of these sequences alone, the E-Pae strains were identical to the Pae type-strain (I-Pae, isolated from leaf spots on Indian horse chestnut in India in 1969. The phylogenetic analyses also showed that Pae belongs to a distinct clade of P. syringae pathovars adapted to woody hosts. We generated genome-wide Illumina sequence data from the three E-Pae strains and one strain of I-Pae. Comparative genomic analyses revealed pathovar-specific genomic regions in Pae potentially implicated in virulence on a tree host, including genes for the catabolism of plant-derived aromatic compounds and enterobactin synthesis. Several gene clusters displayed intra-pathovar variation, including those encoding type IV secretion, a novel fatty acid biosynthesis pathway and a sucrose uptake pathway. Rates of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the four Pae genomes indicate that the three E-Pae strains diverged from each other much more recently than they diverged from I-Pae. The very low genetic diversity among the three geographically distinct E-Pae strains suggests that they originate from a single, recent introduction into Britain, thus highlighting the serious environmental risks posed by the spread of an exotic plant pathogenic bacterium to a new geographic location. The genomic regions in Pae that are absent from other P. syringae pathovars that infect herbaceous hosts may represent candidate genetic adaptations to infection of the woody parts of the tree.

Diversities of phthalate esters in suburban agricultural soils and wasteland soil appeared with urbanization in China

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kong Shaofei; Ji Yaqin; Liu Lingling; Chen Li; Zhao Xueyan; Wang Jiajun; Bai Zhipeng; Sun Zengrong

2012-01-01

The distribution of six priority phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in suburban farmland, vegetable, orchard and wasteland soils of Tianjin were obtained with gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis in 2009. Results showed that total PAEs varied from 0.05 to 10.4 μg g −1 , with the median value as 0.32 μg g −1 . Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and di-n-butyl phthalate are most abundant species. PAEs concentrations for the four types of soils exhibited decreasing order as vegetable soil > wasteland soil > farmland soil > orchard soil. PAEs exhibited elevated levels in more developed regions when compared with other studies. The agricultural plastic film could elevate the PAEs contents in soils. Principal component analysis indicated the emission from cosmetics and personal care products and plasticizers were important sources for PAEs in suburban soils in Tianjin. The higher PAEs contents in wasteland soils from suburban area should be paid more attention owing to large amounts of solid wastes appeared with the ongoing urbanization. - Highlights: ► PAEs levels in four types of soils in suburban area of Tianjin were studied. ► Vegetable soil and wasteland soil exhibited higher PAEs concentrations. ► PAEs in wasteland soils from suburban area of cities in China should be paid attention. - (1) Vegetable soil and wasteland soil exhibited higher PAEs concentrations; (2) PAEs in wasteland soils from suburban area of cities in China should be paid attention.

Intra-vesical Prostatic Protrusion (IPP) Can Be Reduced by Prostatic Artery Embolization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lin, Yen-Ting, E-mail: ymerically@gmail.com; Amouyal, Grégory, E-mail: gregamouyal@hotmail.com [Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Vascular and Oncological Interventional Radiology (France); Thiounn, Nicolas, E-mail: nicolas.thiounn@egp.aphp.fr [Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Urology (France); Pellerin, Olivier, E-mail: olivier.pellerin@aphp.fr [Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris-Cité (France); Pereira, Héléna, E-mail: helena.pereira@aphp.fr; Giudice, Costantino Del, E-mail: costantino.del-giudice@egp.aphp.fr; Déan, Carole, E-mail: carole.dean@aphp.fr [Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Vascular and Oncological Interventional Radiology (France); Sapoval, Marc, E-mail: marc.sapoval2@aphp.fr [Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris-Cité (France)

2016-05-15

BackgroundProstate artery embolization (PAE) is a new approach to improve lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) related to benign prostatic hyperplasia. PAE results in global reduction of prostate volume (PV). There are no data available on the efficacy of PAE in reducing intra-vesical prostatic protrusion (IPP), an anatomic feature that is clinically related with bladder outlet obstruction and LUTS.ObjectiveTo assess the results of PAE in patients with significant IPP due to median lobe hyperplasia and to compare the IPSS decrease and IPP change.Material and MethodsProspective analysis of 18 consecutive patients with significant IPP (>5 mm) related to median lobe hyperplasia undergoing PAE using 30–500-μm-calibrated trisacryl microspheres. We measured IPP on sagittal T2-weighted images before and 3 months after PAE. IPSS and clinical results were also evaluated at 3 months.ResultsPAE resulted in significant IPP reduction (1.57 cm ± 0.55 before PAE and 1.30 cm ± 0.46 after PAE, p = 0.0005) (Fig. 1) with no complication. IPSS, quality of life (QoL), total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, and PV showed significant reduction after PAE, and maximum urinary flow rate (Q{sub max}) showed significant increase after PAE. No significant change of International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) for clinical evaluation after PAE. A significant correlation was found between the IPP change and the IPSS change (r = 0.636, p = 0.0045).ConclusionPatients had significant IPP reduction as well as significant symptomatic improvement after PAE, and these improvements were positively correlated.

Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of phthalate esters in urban soil in the typical semi-arid city of Xi'an, Northwest China.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Lijun; Liu, Mengmei; Tao, Wendong; Zhang, Wenjuan; Wang, Li; Shi, Xingmin; Lu, Xinwei; Li, Xiaoping

2018-01-01

A total of 62 urban soil samples were collected in the city of Xi'an in Northwest China, and analyzed for six U.S. Environmental Protection Agency priority phthalate esters (PAEs). Unlike earlier studies on PAEs in agricultural soil as well as urban soil in humid climates, this paper for the first time comprehensively assessed pollution characteristics and health risks of human exposure to PAEs in urban soil in a typical semi-arid climate. The total concentrations of the six PAEs (Σ6PAEs) in the urban soil varied between 193.0 and 19146.4 μg kg -1 with a mean of 1369.3 μg kg -1 . The PAEs were dominated by di-n-butyl phthalate and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Magnetic susceptibility and soil texture were controlling factors influencing the concentrations of PAEs in the urban soil. The concentrations of benzyl butyl phthalate, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and Σ6PAEs increased from the first to third ring roads, while the concentrations of di-n-octyl phthalate decreased. Relatively higher levels of PAEs were observed in industrial, traffic, and residential areas. The PAEs in the urban soil originated mainly from the application of plasticizers or additives, use of cosmetics and personal care products, emissions of construction materials and home furnishings, industrial processes, and atmospheric deposition. The concentrations of some PAEs in the urban soil exceeded soil allowable concentrations and environmental risk levels. The non-cancer and carcinogenic risks of human exposure to the PAEs were relatively low. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Occurrence and Residue Pattern of Phthalate Esters in Fresh Tea Leaves and during Tea Manufacturing and Brewing.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Pingxiang; Chen, Hongping; Gao, Guanwei; Hao, Zhenxia; Wang, Chen; Ma, Guicen; Chai, Yunfeng; Zhang, Lin; Liu, Xin

2016-11-23

The residues of 16 phthalate esters (PAEs) in fresh tea leaves and made tea were determined via gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to study their distribution and degradation characteristics during tea planting and processing. Five PAEs were detected in all fresh tea leaves, and higher concentrations were detected in mature leaves. The distribution of PAEs in fresh tea leaves ranged from 69.7 to 2244.0 μg/kg. The degradative percentages of ∑ 5 PAEs during green tea manufacturing ranged from 61 to 63% and were significantly influenced by the drying process. The transfer rates of PAEs-D 4 ranged from 5.2 to 100.6%. PAEs with a high water solubility showed the highest transfer coefficient in the range of 91.8-100.6%, whereas PAEs with a high log K ow showed a low leaching efficiency below 11.9%. These results benefit the risk evaluation and establishment of a maximum residue limit for PAEs in tea.

Attitudes toward physical activity and exercise: comparison of memory clinic patients and their caregivers and prediction of activity levels.

Science.gov (United States)

O'Connell, Megan E; Dal Bello-Haas, Vanina; Crossley, Margaret; Morgan, Debra G

2015-01-01

Regular physical activity and exercise (PA&E) reduces cognitive aging, may delay dementia onset, and for persons with dementia, may slow progression and improve quality of life. Memory clinic patients and caregivers described their PA&E and completed the Older Persons' Attitudes Toward Physical Activity and Exercise Questionnaire (OPAPAEQ). Caregivers and patients differed in their PA&E attitudes: patients were less likely to believe in the importance of PA&E for health promotion. PA&E attitudes were explored as predictors of self-reported exercise habits. Belief in the importance of high intensity exercise for health maintenance was the only variable that significantly predicted engagement in regular PA&E. Moreover, caregivers' attitudes toward high intensity exercise predicted memory patients' participation in PA&E. These findings may aid in development of exercise interventions for people with memory problems, and suggest that modification of specific attitudes toward exercise is an important component to ensure maximum participation and engagement in PA&E.

Chronic Supplementation of Paeonol Combined with Danshensu for the Improvement of Vascular Reactivity in the Cerebral Basilar Artery of Diabetic Rats

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Jing; Li, Ya-Ling; Li, Zi-Lin; Li, Hua; Zhou, Xuan-Xuan; Qiu, Peng-Cheng; Yang, Qian; Wang, Si-Wang

2012-01-01

One of the leading causes of death in the world is cerebrovascular disease. Numerous Chinese traditional medicines, such as Cortex Moutan (root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa Andrew) and Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae (root and rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge), protect against cerebrovascular diseases and exhibit anti-atherosclerotic effects. Traditional medicines have been routinely used for a long time in China. In addition, these two herbs are prescribed together in clinical practice. Therefore, the pharmacodynamic interactions between the active constituents of these two herbs, which are paeonol (Pae) and danshensu (DSS), should be particularly studied. The study of Pae and DSS can provide substantial foundations in understanding their mechanisms and empirical evidence to support clinical practice. This study investigated the effects and possible mechanisms of the pharmacodynamic interaction between Pae and DSS on cerebrovascular malfunctioning in diabetes. Experimental diabetes was induced in rats, which was then treated with Pae, DSS, and Pae + DSS for eight weeks. Afterward, cerebral arteries from all groups were isolated and equilibrated in an organ bath with Krebs buffer and ring tension. Effects of Pae, DSS, and Pae + DSS were observed on vessel relaxation with or without endothelium as well as on the basal tonus of vessels from normal and diabetic rats. Indexes about oxidative stress were also determined. We report that the cerebral arteries from diabetic rats show decreased vascular reactivity to acetylcholine (ACh) which was corrected in Pae, DSS, and Pae + DSS treated groups. Furthermore, phenylephrine (PE)-induced contraction response decreased in the treated groups. Phenylephrine and CaCl2-induced vasoconstrictions are partially inhibited in the three treated groups under Ca2+-free medium. Pre-incubated with tetraethylammonium, a non-selective K+ channel blocker, the antagonized relaxation responses increased in DSS and Pae + DSS treated diabetic

[Characteristics of Phthalic Acid Esters in Agricultural Soils and Products in Areas of Zhongshan City, South China].

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Bin; Wu, Shan; Liang, Jin-ming; Liang, Wen-li; Chen, Gui-xian; Li, Yong-jun; Yang, Guo-yi

2015-06-01

In order to investigate and assess the pollution level of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in farm soils and products from typical agricultural fields in areas of Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, South China, 65 topsoil and 37 agricultural product samples were collected and contents of 6 PAEs compounds that classified by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as priority pollutants were determined by the GC-FID. The results indicated that total contents of the PAEs (∑ PAEs) in soils ranged from 0. 14 to 1. 14 mg x kg(-1), and the mean value was 0.43 mg x kg(-1), with the detected ratio of 100%. Various concentrations of PAEs differed in three land-use types were ordered by vegetable soil > orchard soil > paddy soil. Comparing with six U.S. EPA priority pollutants of PAEs, the contents of Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and Dimethyl phthalate ( DMP) in soils exceeded the control limits of PAEs in the American soil by 93.85% and 27.69% respectively, but the rest four PAEs compounds were lower than the control limits. Generally, the pollution level of soils contaminated by PAEs in agricultural fields of Zhongshan City was relatively low. The contents of 3 PAEs in agricultural products ranged from 0.15 to 3.15 mg x kg(-1) with the average of 1.12 mg x kg(-1), which was lower than the suggested standards in USA and Europe and with low health risk. Meanwhile, ∑ PAEs concentrations in vegetables were higher than those both in rice and fruits. DBP and DEHP were the main components of PAEs both in agricultural soils and products, with higher percentage contents and detected ratio. ∑ PAEs and DBP contents in various agricultural products-soils had a significantly positive correlation, with Pearson coefficients (r) in vegetables-vegetable soils were 0.81 (P = 0.000), 0.75 (P = 0.000), and corresponding r among rice-paddy soil and fruits-fruit soils were 0.74 (P = 0.036), 0.65 (P = 0.041) and 0.66 (P = 0.029), 0.78 (P = 0.045), respectively. Although there existed a

Lokal løn på kommunale arbejdspladser

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Holt, Helle

medarbejdere – om deres erfaringer og refleksioner over forhandlingerne om lokal løn. De lokale forhandlinger sker bl.a. på baggrund af forhåndsaftaler, der som udgangspunkt er kønsneutrale, men alligevel opstår der lokale forskelle mellem mænds og kvinders løn. Ifølge de interviewede skyldes det, at et antal...... kvalifikationer anses som naturlige for kvinder og derfor ikke udløser tillæg, mens de samme kvalifikationer anses som faglige hos mænd og derfor udløser et tillæg. Rapporten viser også, at løn i høj grad betragtes som en privatsag på de kommunale arbejdspladser, og at forskelle i mænds og kvinders løn tilskrives...

Como colocar em prática o Plano de Atendimento às Emergências (PAE no laboratório clínico How to implement the Plan of Care for Emergencies (LAP in the clinical laboratory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria Elizabete Mendes

2011-06-01

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A situação socioeconômica e ambiental na qual os laboratórios clínicos vivem, aliada aos riscos ampliados do negócio nos dias atuais, exige dos dirigentes a elaboração de um plano de segurança para situações de catástrofes. OBJETIVO: Esse plano é útil para garantir a continuidade do negócio e sua recuperação após a crise. MÉTODO: O Plano de Atendimento à Emergência (PAE é apresentado como um conjunto de procedimentos estruturados para a obtenção de respostas rápidas, adestradas e eficientes em situações de emergência no laboratório. CONCLUSÃO: Ele visa prevenir ou mitigar as eventuais consequências adversas para segurança, saúde e meio ambiente no âmbito laboratorial. RESULTADO: Este artigo discute a aplicabilidade, as responsabilidades, a elaboração e a manutenção, assim como suas implicações na rotina laboratorialINTRODUCTION: Nowadays, the environmental and socioeconomic contexts in which clinical laboratories are set, coupled with increased business risks, require the formulation of an emergency care plan in case of natural disasters. OBJECTIVE: This plan is useful to ensure business continuity and recovery after crisis. METHOD: The Emergency Care Plan (PAE is presented as a structured set of procedures for obtaining rapid, efficient and trained responses in emergency situations. CONCLUSION: It aims at preventing or mitigating occasional adverse consequences regarding safety, health and environment in clinical laboratories. RESULTS: This article discusses the applicability, responsibilities, development and maintenance as well as their corresponding implications in laboratory procedures

Pemisahan dan Pemurnian Phthalic Acid Ester dari Minyak Nyamplung

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

William Ekaputra Taifan

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Minyak nyamplung dikenal sebagai minyak yang tidak dapat dikonsumsi. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian tentang minyak ini hanya fokus pada konversi minyak menjadi biodiesel. Pada penelitian ini, kami berusaha untuk memisahkan resin beracun dari fraksi metanol menggunakan ekstraksi pelarut diikuti kolom kromatografi. Resin beracun ini diidentifikasi sebagai phthalic acid ester (PAE. PAE ini biasanya digunakan sebagai zat aditif di industri polimer. Minyak nyamplung mengandung 1,8% PAE, yang masih jauh melebihi nilai ambang batas. Isolasi PAE dari minyak ini diharapkan dapt mengubah minyak yang tidak dapat dikonsumsi menjadi suplemen makanan yang bernilai. Proses isolasi PAE dimulai dengan memisahkan senyawa yang diinginkan dari lipid menggunakan ekstraksi pelarut bertingkat dengan metanol dan n-heksan. Analisa mass spectra dari fraksi pertama dan fraksi kedua metanol menunjukkan kandungan PAE sebesar 60% dan 6% pada tiap fraksi. Fraksi heksan tidak mengandung PAE. PAE yang terkandung pada fraksi metanol diisolasi lebih lanjut dari asam lemak menggunakan liquid column chromatography dengan n-heksan – etil asetat sebagai mobile phase. Bis- 2ethylhexyl phthalate diidentifikasi pada ketiga fraksi sesuai dengan hasil analisa GC-MS. Fraksi pertama diambil pada kondisi mobile phase 5% etil asetat, sedangkan fraksi kedua merupakan campuran 5% etil asetat dan 10% etil asetat. Fraksi ketiga diambil pada kondisi mobile phase 10% etil asetat mengandung PAE sebesar 98%. Fraksi keempat merupakan campuran 10% dan 15% mobile phase dan mengandung PAE sebesar 97%. Akhirnya, kandungan PAE pada fraksi metanol sebesar 58%. Dari hasil analisa, dapat disimpulkan bahwa mobile phase yang optimum untuk kromatografi adalah 10- 15% etil asetat dalam n-heksan.

Integrated vs. Federated Search:Hvad er hvad?

OpenAIRE

Løvschall, Kasper

2009-01-01

Oplæg om forskelle og ligheder mellem integrated og federated search i bibliotekskontekst. Holdt ved temadag om "Integrated Search - samsøgning i alle kilder" på Danmarks Biblioteksskole den 22. januar 2009.

Mood and implicit alcohol expectancy processes: predicting alcohol consumption in the laboratory.

Science.gov (United States)

Wardell, Jeffrey D; Read, Jennifer P; Curtin, John J; Merrill, Jennifer E

2012-01-01

Implicit positive alcohol expectancy (PAE) processes are thought to respond phasically to external and internal stimuli-including mood states-and so they may exert powerful proximal influences over drinking behavior. Although social learning theory contends that mood states activate mood-congruent implicit PAEs, which in turn lead to alcohol use, there is a dearth of experimental research examining this mediation model relative to observable drinking. Moreover, an expectancy theory perspective might suggest that, rather than influencing PAEs directly, mood may moderate the association between PAEs and drinking. To test these models, this study examined the role of mood in the association between implicitly measured PAE processes (i.e., latency to endorse PAEs) and immediate alcohol consumption in the laboratory. Gender differences in these processes also were examined. College students (N = 146) were exposed to either a positive, negative, or neutral mood induction procedure, completed a computerized PAE reaction time (RT) task, and subsequently consumed alcohol ad libitum. The mood manipulation had no direct effects on drinking in the laboratory, making the mediation hypothesis irrelevant. Instead, gender and mood condition moderated the association between RT to endorse PAEs and drinking in the laboratory. For males, RT to tension reduction PAEs was a stronger predictor of volume of beer consumed and peak blood alcohol concentration in the context of general arousal (i.e., positive and negative mood) relative to neutral mood. RT to PAEs did not predict drinking in the laboratory for females. The results show that PAE processes are important determinants of immediate drinking behavior in men, suggesting that biased attention to mood-relevant PAEs-as indicated by longer RTs-predicts greater alcohol consumption in the appropriate mood context. The findings also highlight the need to consider gender differences in PAE processes. This study underscores the need for

Incidence, risk factors, treatment and prognosis of popliteal artery embolization in the superficial femoral artery interventions.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Weiwei Wu

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting (PTA + stent has gained acceptance as a primary treatment modality for the superficial femoral artery (SFA diseases. Popliteal artery embolization (PAE is a severe complication in SFA interventions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence, risk factors, treatment and prognosis of PAE in primary SFA PTA + stent. METHODS: Chronic SFA arteriosclerosis cases that underwent primary PTA + stent were reviewed from a retrospectively maintained database. Runoff vessels were evaluated in all cases before and after the interventions for PAE detection. The primary patency, secondary patency and limb salvage rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and compared using log-rank analysis. Cox multivariate regression was performed to evaluate predictors of patency and limb salvage rates. RESULTS: There were 436 lesions treated in 388 patients with 10 PAE events (2.3% in total. PAE rate was significantly higher in Transatlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC C/D group compared with TASC A/B group (OR = 8.91, P = .002, in chronic total occlusion (CTO lesions compared with stenotic lesions (P<.0001, and in group with history of cerebral ischemic stroke (OR = 6.11, P = .007. PAE rates were not significantly affected by age, sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and runoff status. The binary logistic regression showed that only the TASC C/D was an independent predictor of PAE (P = .031. The 12-month and 24-month primary patency, secondary patency and limb salvage rates in PAE group showed no significant differences comparing with non-PAE group. CONCLUSIONS: PAE is a rare event in primary SFA PTA + stent. TASC C/D lesion, CTO and cerebral ischemic stroke history are risk factors for PAE. PAE is typically reversible by comprehensive techniques. If the popliteal flow is restored in time, PAE has no significant effect on long-term patency and limb

24 CFR 401.310 - Conflicts of interest.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... prevent the PAE or other restricted person from acting at all times in the best interests of HUD; (ii) Has... control of the PAE, or is under common control with the PAE; or any employee, agent or contractor of the PAE, or employee of such agent or contractor, who will perform or has performed services under a PRA...

Influence of water solubility, side chain degradability and side chain configuration on the degradation of phthalic acid esters under methanogenic conditions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alnervik, M.

1996-12-31

Water solubility and degradability of side chains estrifying phthalic acid are factors possible to influence the degradation of phthalic acid esters (PAEs). To investigate the importance of these factors degradation of butyl 2-ethylhexyl phthalate (BEHP), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), dihexyl phthalate (DHP), dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and didecyl phthalate (DDP) were examined under methanogenic conditions as well as was the degradability of the alcohols estrifying these PAEs. We also investigated if the degradation of resistant PAEs could be stimulated by the addition of a degradable PAE. Synthesis of degradation intermediates and two methods for PAE analyses are presented. The investigation showed that all alcohols were degraded to methane and carbon dioxide and that the degradation of PAE occurred in incubations amended with BBP, BEHP, DHP and DBP, whilst DEHP, DOP and DDP were unaffected throughout the experimental period. BBP added to incubations with DEHP, could not stimulate DEHP degradation. In conclusion, the degradability of alcohols estrifying phthalic acid in this study does not affect the anaerobic degradability of PAEs. Water solubility of a PAE can not be rejected as a factor limiting phthalate degradation under methanogenic conditions. Anaerobic degradation of persistent PAEs can not be stimulated by mixing it with a degradable phthalate. 23 refs, 11 figs, 2 tabs

Physical activity: does environment make a difference for tension, stress, emotional outlook, and perceptions of health status?

Science.gov (United States)

Puett, Robin; Teas, Jane; España-Romero, Vanesa; Artero, Enrique Garcia; Lee, Duck-chul; Baruth, Meghan; Sui, Xuemei; Montresor-López, Jessica; Blair, Steven N

2014-11-01

The importance of physical activity for health is well-established. Questions remain whether outdoor exercise additionally benefits overall mental and physical well-being. Using cross-sectional data from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study, we examined relationships of physical activity environment (PAE) with reported tension, stress, emotional outlook, and health. 11,649 participants were included. 18% exercised indoors, 54% outdoors, and 28% in both. Participants who exercised partially or entirely outdoors exercised more. In fully adjusted models, for women combined PAE was protective for worse emotional outlook (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.52-0.98). Combined PAE was also protective for reported poor health (OR for women: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.44-0.91; OR for men: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.61-0.92). Amount of physical activity modified PAE relationships with outcomes. Combined and outdoor PAE were more consistently protective for worse outcomes among high activity participants. Regardless of PAE, better outcomes were observed in active versus inactive participants. The current study suggests addition of outdoor PAE may be linked with better stress management, outlook and health perceptions for more active populations, whereas indoor PAE may be more important for low active populations. Further research should examine the order of causation and whether type of outdoor PAE (eg, urban, natural) is important.

Potential mechanisms of phthalate ester embryotoxicity in the abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhou Jin [L-304, Life Sciences Division, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen University Town, Xili, Shenzhen City 518055 (China); Cai Zhonghua, E-mail: caizh@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn [L-304, Life Sciences Division, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen University Town, Xili, Shenzhen City 518055 (China); Key Laboratory of Aquatic-Ecology, Tianjin Agricultural University, Lishui Road 112, Tianjin 300384 (China); Xing Kezhi [Key Laboratory of Aquatic-Ecology, Tianjin Agricultural University, Lishui Road 112, Tianjin 300384 (China)

2011-05-15

The effects and associated toxicological mechanisms of five phthalate esters (PAEs) on abalone embryonic development were investigated by exposing the embryos to a range of PAEs concentrations (0.05, 0.2, 2 and 10 {mu}g/mL). The results showed that PAEs could significantly reduce embryo hatchability, increase developmental malformations, and suppress the metamorphosis of abalone larvae. The possible toxicological mechanisms of PAEs to abalone embryos included, affecting the Na{sup +}-K{sup +}-pump and Ca{sup 2+}-Mg{sup 2+}-pump activities, altering the peroxidase (POD) level and the malondialdehyde (MDA) production, damaging the extraembryonic membranes structure, as well as disrupting endocrine-related genes (gpx, cyp3a, and 17{beta}-hsd 12) expression properties. Taken together, this work showed that PAEs adversely affected the embryonic ontogeny of abalone. The abilities of PAEs affecting the osmoregulation, inducing oxidative stress, damaging embryo envelope structure, and causing physiological homeostasis disorder, are likely to be a part of the common mechanisms responsible for their embryonic toxicity. - Highlights: > PAEs affected abalone hatchability, morphogenesis and metamorphosis behavior. > The toxicity of the five PAEs to embryogenesis was ranked as DBP > DEP > DMP > DOP > DEHP. > The osmoregulation disorder and oxidative damage are the potential mechanisms. - Potential mechanisms of PAEs on abalone embryogenesis are osmoregulation disorder, oxidative damage and physiological dysfunction.

Potential mechanisms of phthalate ester embryotoxicity in the abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhou Jin; Cai Zhonghua; Xing Kezhi

2011-01-01

The effects and associated toxicological mechanisms of five phthalate esters (PAEs) on abalone embryonic development were investigated by exposing the embryos to a range of PAEs concentrations (0.05, 0.2, 2 and 10 μg/mL). The results showed that PAEs could significantly reduce embryo hatchability, increase developmental malformations, and suppress the metamorphosis of abalone larvae. The possible toxicological mechanisms of PAEs to abalone embryos included, affecting the Na + -K + -pump and Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -pump activities, altering the peroxidase (POD) level and the malondialdehyde (MDA) production, damaging the extraembryonic membranes structure, as well as disrupting endocrine-related genes (gpx, cyp3a, and 17β-hsd 12) expression properties. Taken together, this work showed that PAEs adversely affected the embryonic ontogeny of abalone. The abilities of PAEs affecting the osmoregulation, inducing oxidative stress, damaging embryo envelope structure, and causing physiological homeostasis disorder, are likely to be a part of the common mechanisms responsible for their embryonic toxicity. - Highlights: → PAEs affected abalone hatchability, morphogenesis and metamorphosis behavior. → The toxicity of the five PAEs to embryogenesis was ranked as DBP > DEP > DMP > DOP > DEHP. → The osmoregulation disorder and oxidative damage are the potential mechanisms. - Potential mechanisms of PAEs on abalone embryogenesis are osmoregulation disorder, oxidative damage and physiological dysfunction.

Effects of early-life adversity on immune function are mediated by prenatal environment: Role of prenatal alcohol exposure.

Science.gov (United States)

Raineki, Charlis; Bodnar, Tamara S; Holman, Parker J; Baglot, Samantha L; Lan, Ni; Weinberg, Joanne

2017-11-01

The contribution of the early postnatal environment to the pervasive effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is poorly understood. Moreover, PAE often carries increased risk of exposure to adversity/stress during early life. Dysregulation of immune function may play a role in how pre- and/or postnatal adversity/stress alters brain development. Here, we combine two animal models to examine whether PAE differentially increases vulnerability to immune dysregulation in response to early-life adversity. PAE and control litters were exposed to either limited bedding (postnatal day [PN] 8-12) to model early-life adversity or normal bedding, and maternal behavior and pup vocalizations were recorded. Peripheral (serum) and central (amygdala) immune (cytokines and C-reactive protein - CRP) responses of PAE animals to early-life adversity were evaluated at PN12. Insufficient bedding increased negative maternal behavior in both groups. Early-life adversity increased vocalization in all animals; however, PAE pups vocalized less than controls. Early-life adversity reduced serum TNF-α, KC/GRO, and IL-10 levels in control but not PAE animals. PAE increased serum CRP, and levels were even higher in pups exposed to adversity. Finally, PAE reduced KC/GRO and increased IL-10 levels in the amygdala. Our results indicate that PAE alters immune system development and both behavioral and immune responses to early-life adversity, which could have subsequent consequences for brain development and later life health. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Kvalitetsledelse i BDI-sektoren : Total Quality Management

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Johannsen, Carl Gustav

1994-01-01

Artiklen præsenterer hovedforskelle mellem TQM og ISO 9000. Det konkluderes, at der er forskelle, men at de to koncepter kan kombineres, og at ISO 9000 ikke behøver at medføre en bureaukratisering....

Elucidating adsorption mechanisms of phthalate esters upon carbon nanotubes/graphene and natural organic acid competitive effects in water by DFT and MD calculations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang, Zhuang; Wang, Se; Chen, Min Dong; Xu, Defu [Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu KeyLaboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), School ofEnvironmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing (China); Tang, Lili [Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Centre, Nanjing (China); Wang, Degao [Dept. of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian (China)

2015-06-15

Simulations at multiple levels were performed to investigate the aqueous adsorption of phthalate esters (PAEs) on carbon nanoparticles and to find the competitive effect of a low molecular weight natural organic acid (benzoic acid) on the adsorption process. Six PAEs of varying alkyl side chain lengths and three carbon-based nanomaterials including a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT), double-walled carbon nanotube (DWNT), and graphene (G) were studied. Results showed that the adsorption energies calculated using density functional theory increase with increasing length of the PAE alkyl chain. G exhibits higher adsorption capacity for the PAEs than SWNT and DWNT. The absolute adsorption energies of these systems also display a positive linear correlation with the hydrophobicity of the PAE molecules. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the presence of neutral/anionic benzoic acid in water alleviates the PAE adsorption. Furthermore, anionic benzoic acid exerts more impact on the PAE adsorption than the neutral form.

The economics of particulate pollution abatement technologies for wood-waste-fired combustors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ismail, A.; Stevenson, D.H.

1991-07-01

A study was conducted to quantify the impact of new and improved particulate abatement equipment (PAE) on the economics of new and existing wood waste combustion systems. The operating characteristics of current PAE technology are summarized and the basis for cost estimates is established. The technologies include multicyclone collectors, wet scrubbers, fabric filter baghouses, electrostatic precipitators, and new versus retrofit installations. Capital costs were determined for 4 generic types of PAE and 4 cases for each PAE type according to GJ/h in steam enthalpy. Cost information was developed for wood waste energy systems with and without PAE. In the cost analysis, a hypothetical steam selling price is determined which will give a 25% return on pretax cash flow over a 20-year period. Additional costs of the PAE are applied to the energy system cash flows and the impact on average annual return is calculated. Results indicate reductions in internal rate of return of 3-6% for most PAE systems. 54 refs., 2 figs., 12 tabs

Das Buch über Deutschland

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fleischer, Holm

Bogen giver et indblik i det tyske samfund i begyndelsen af det 21. århunderede. Der bliver gennemgået følgende emner: statsopbygning, sociale forhold, økonomi, uddannelsessystem, forskelle mellem Øst- og Vesttyskland, Immigration, kultur....

Soil contamination by phthalate esters in Chinese intensive vegetable production systems with different modes of use of plastic film.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Jun; Luo, Yongming; Teng, Ying; Ma, Wenting; Christie, Peter; Li, Zhengao

2013-09-01

The concentrations of six priority phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in intensively managed suburban vegetable soils in Nanjing, east China, were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The total PAE concentrations in the soils ranged widely from 0.15 to 9.68 mg kg(-1) with a median value of 1.70 mg kg(-1), and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) were the most abundant phthalate esters. Soil PAE concentrations depended on the mode of use of plastic film in which PAEs were incorporated as plasticizing agents and both the plastic film and poultry manure appeared to be important sources of soil PAEs. Vegetables in rotation with flooded rice led to lower concentrations of PAEs in soil. The results indicate that agricultural plastic film can be an important source of soil PAE contamination and further research is required to fully elucidate the mechanisms of PAE contamination of intensive agricultural soils with different use modes of use of plastic film. Crown Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Effects of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae) ["Avocado"] ethanolic leaf extract on blood glucose and kidney function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and on kidney cell lines of the proximal (LLCPK1) and distal tubules (MDBK).

Science.gov (United States)

Gondwe, M; Kamadyaapa, D R; Tufts, M A; Chuturgoon, A A; Ojewole, J A O; Musabayane, C T

2008-01-01

Extracts of Persea americana Mill (Lauraceae) ("Avocado") have been traditionally used to treat hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Accordingly, we studied the hypoglycaemic and renal function effects of P. americana leaf ethanolic extracts (PAE) in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Oral glucose tolerance responses to various doses of PAE were monitored in fasted rats following a glucose load. Rats treated with deionized water or standard hypoglycaemic drugs acted as untreated and treated positive controls, respectively. Acute renal effects of PAE were investigated in anesthetized rats challenged with 0.077 M NaCl after a 3.5-h equilibration for 4 h comprising 1 h control, 1.5 h treatment and 1.5 h recovery periods. PAE was added to the infusate during the treatment period. Hepatic glycogen concentration was measured after 6 weeks of daily treatment with PAE. PAE induced dose-dependent hypoglycaemic responses in STZ-induced diabetic rats while subchronic PAE treatment additionally increased hepatic glycogen concentrations. Acute PAE infusion decreased urine flow and electrolyte excretion rates, whilst subchronic treatment reduced plasma creatinine and urea concentrations. These results indicate not only the basis of the ethnomedicinal use of P. americana leaf extract in diabetes management, but also of need for further studies to identify and evaluate the safety of PAE's bioactive compounds. (c) 2008 Prous Science, S.A.U. or its licensors. All rights reserved.

Recurrence of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Following Prostate Artery Embolization for Benign Hyperplasia: Single Center Experience Comparing Two Techniques

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carnevale, Francisco Cesar, E-mail: francisco.carnevale@criep.com.br; Moreira, Airton Mota [University of Sao Paulo, Department of Radiology (Brazil); Harward, Sardis Honoria [The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice (United States); Bhatia, Shivank [University of Miami Medical Center, Department of Interventional Radiology (United States); Assis, Andre Moreira de [University of Sao Paulo, Department of Radiology (Brazil); Srougi, Miguel [University of Sao Paulo, Department of Urology (Brazil); Cerri, Giovanni Guido [University of Sao Paulo, Department of Radiology (Brazil); Antunes, Alberto Azoubel [University of Sao Paulo, Department of Urology (Brazil)

2017-03-15

PurposeTo compare recurrence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) recurrence at 12 months following original prostate artery embolization (oPAE) or “proximal embolization first, then embolize distal” (PErFecTED) PAE for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Materials and Methods105 consecutive patients older than 45 years, with prostate size greater than 30 cm{sup 3}, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) ≥ 8, quality of life (QoL) index ≥ 3, and refractory status or intolerance of medical management were prospectively enrolled between June 2008 and August 2013. The study was IRB-approved, and all patients provided informed consent. Patients underwent oPAE or PErFecTED PAE and were followed for at least 12 months. Technical success was defined as bilateral embolization and clinical success (non-recurrence) was defined as removal of the Foley catheter in patients with urinary retention, IPSS < 8 and QoL index < 3 at 12 months of follow-up. Nonparametric statistics were used to compare the study groups due to the size of the study population and distributions of clinical data.Results97 patients had 12-month data and were categorized as oPAE without recurrence (n = 46), oPAE with recurrence (n  = 13), PErFecTED without recurrence (n  = 36), or PErFecTED with recurrence (n  = 2). Recurrence was significantly more common in oPAE patients (χ{sup 2}, p = 0.026). Unilateral embolization was significantly associated with recurrence among patients who underwent oPAE (χ{sup 2}, p = 0.032).ConclusionsBoth oPAE and PErFecTED PAE are safe and effective methods for treatment of LUTS, but PErFecTED PAE is associated with a significantly lower rate of symptom recurrence.

Efficacy and safety of prostate artery embolization for benign prostatic hyperplasia: an observational study and propensity-matched comparison with transurethral resection of the prostate (the UK-ROPE study).

Science.gov (United States)

Ray, Alistair F; Powell, John; Speakman, Mark J; Longford, Nicholas T; DasGupta, Ranan; Bryant, Timothy; Modi, Sachin; Dyer, Jonathan; Harris, Mark; Carolan-Rees, Grace; Hacking, Nigel

2018-04-12

To assess the efficacy and safety of prostate artery embolization (PAE) for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and to conduct an indirect comparison of PAE with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). As a joint initiative between the British Society of Interventional Radiologists, the British Association of Urological Surgeons and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, we conducted the UK Register of Prostate Embolization (UK-ROPE) study, which recruited 305 patients across 17 UK urological/interventional radiology centres, 216 of whom underwent PAE and 89 of whom underwent TURP. The primary outcomes were International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) improvement in the PAE group at 12 months post-procedure, and complication data post-PAE. We also aimed to compare IPSS score improvements between the PAE and TURP groups, using non-inferiority analysis on propensity-score-matched patient pairs. The clinical results and urological measurements were performed at clinical sites. IPSS and other questionnaire-based results were mailed by patients directly to the trial unit managing the study. All data were uploaded centrally to the UK-ROPE study database. The results showed that PAE was clinically effective, producing a median 10-point IPSS improvement from baseline at 12 months post-procedure. PAE did not appear to be as effective as TURP, which produced a median 15-point IPSS score improvement at 12 months post-procedure. These findings are further supported by the propensity score analysis, in which we formed 65 closely matched pairs of patients who underwent PAE and patients who underwent TURP. In terms of IPSS and quality-of-life (QoL) improvement, there was no evidence of PAE being non-inferior to TURP. Patients in the PAE group had a statistically significant improvement in maximum urinary flow rate and prostate volume reduction at 12 months post-procedure. PAE had a reoperation rate of 5

Sociale forskelle i børns helbred

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Holstein, B E; Ito, H; Due, P

1990-01-01

daily symptoms and 74% weekly symptoms (20% one symptom a week, 54% two or more symptoms). During one week, 50% suffered from bad moods, 37% insomnia, 30% depression, 26% headaches, 22% nervousness, 19% back pain, 14% abdominal pain, and 12% vertigo. 37% had used medical drugs during the last month...

Fine motor skills in children with prenatal alcohol exposure or fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.

Science.gov (United States)

Doney, Robyn; Lucas, Barbara R; Jones, Taryn; Howat, Peter; Sauer, Kay; Elliott, Elizabeth J

2014-01-01

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can cause fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) and associated neurodevelopmental impairments. It is uncertain which types of fine motor skills are most likely to be affected after PAE or which assessment tools are most appropriate to use in FASD diagnostic assessments. This systematic review examined which types of fine motor skills are impaired in children with PAE or FASD; which fine motor assessments are appropriate for FASD diagnosis; and whether fine motor impairments are evident at both "low" and "high" PAE levels. A systematic review of relevant databases was undertaken using key terms. Relevant studies were extracted using a standardized form, and methodological quality was rated using a critical appraisal tool. Twenty-four studies met inclusion criteria. Complex fine motor skills, such as visual-motor integration, were more frequently impaired than basic fine motor skills, such as grip strength. Assessment tools that specifically assessed fine motor skills more consistently identified impairments than those which assessed fine motor skills as part of a generalized neurodevelopmental assessment. Fine motor impairments were associated with "moderate" to "high" PAE levels. Few studies reported fine motor skills of children with "low" PAE levels, so the effect of lower PAE levels on fine motor skills remains uncertain. Comprehensive assessment of a range of fine motor skills in children with PAE is important to ensure an accurate FASD diagnosis and develop appropriate therapeutic interventions for children with PAE-related fine motor impairments.

Soil contamination by phthalate esters in Chinese intensive vegetable production systems with different modes of use of plastic film

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, Jun; Luo, Yongming; Teng, Ying; Ma, Wenting; Christie, Peter; Li, Zhengao

2013-01-01

The concentrations of six priority phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in intensively managed suburban vegetable soils in Nanjing, east China, were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The total PAE concentrations in the soils ranged widely from 0.15 to 9.68 mg kg −1 with a median value of 1.70 mg kg −1 , and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) were the most abundant phthalate esters. Soil PAE concentrations depended on the mode of use of plastic film in which PAEs were incorporated as plasticizing agents and both the plastic film and poultry manure appeared to be important sources of soil PAEs. Vegetables in rotation with flooded rice led to lower concentrations of PAEs in soil. The results indicate that agricultural plastic film can be an important source of soil PAE contamination and further research is required to fully elucidate the mechanisms of PAE contamination of intensive agricultural soils with different use modes of use of plastic film. -- Highlights: •Phthalate esters in soils from suburban intensive vegetable production systems were investigated. •Phthalate levels and risks of the vegetable soils with different plastic film use modes were examined. •Sources of phthalate esters in vegetable production soils were analyzed. -- PAE contamination of intensively managed vegetable soils varied widely depending on the mode of use of plastic film in different production systems

Occurrence and Removal Characteristics of Phthalate Esters from Typical Water Sources in Northeast China

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yu Liu

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The presence of phthalate esters (PAEs in the environment has gained a considerable attention due to their potential impacts on public health. This study reports the first data on the occurrence of 15 PAEs in the water near the Mopanshan Reservoir—the new and important water source of Harbin city in Northeast China. As drinking water is a major source for human exposure to PAEs, the fate of target PAEs in the two waterworks (Mopanshan Waterworks and Seven Waterworks was also analyzed. The results demonstrated that the total concentrations of 15 PAEs in the water near the Mopanshan Reservoir were relatively moderate, ranging from 355.8 to 9226.5 ng/L, with the mean value of 2943.1 ng/L. DBP and DEHP dominated the PAE concentrations, which ranged from 52.5 to 4498.2 ng/L and 128.9 to 6570.9 ng/L, respectively. The occurrence and concentrations of these compounds were heavily spatially dependent. Meanwhile, the results on the waterworks samples suggested no significant differences in PAE levels with the input of the raw waters. Without effective and stable removal of PAEs after the conventional drinking water treatment in the waterworks (25.8% to 76.5%, the risks posed by PAEs through drinking water ingestion were still existing, which should be paid special attention to the source control in the Mopanshan Reservoir and some advanced treatment processes for drinking water supplies.

Reliable quantification of phthalates in environmental matrices (air, water, sludge, sediment and soil): a review.

Science.gov (United States)

Net, Sopheak; Delmont, Anne; Sempéré, Richard; Paluselli, Andrea; Ouddane, Baghdad

2015-05-15

Because of their widespread application, phthalates or phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are ubiquitous in the environment. Their presence has attracted considerable attention due to their potential impacts on ecosystem functioning and on public health, so their quantification has become a necessity. Various extraction procedures as well as gas/liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry detection techniques are found as suitable for reliable detection of such compounds. However, PAEs are ubiquitous in the laboratory environment including ambient air, reagents, sampling equipment, and various analytical devices, that induces difficult analysis of real samples with a low PAE background. Therefore, accurate PAE analysis in environmental matrices is a challenging task. This paper reviews the extensive literature data on the techniques for PAE quantification in natural media. Sampling, sample extraction/pretreatment and detection for quantifying PAEs in different environmental matrices (air, water, sludge, sediment and soil) have been reviewed and compared. The concept of "green analytical chemistry" for PAE determination is also discussed. Moreover useful information about the material preparation and the procedures of quality control and quality assurance are presented to overcome the problem of sample contamination and these encountered due to matrix effects in order to avoid overestimating PAE concentrations in the environment. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Thermal and enzymatic pretreatment of sludge containing phthalate esters prior to mesophilic anaerobic digestion

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gavala, Hariklia N.; Yenal, U.; Ahring, Birgitte Kiær

2004-01-01

The present study aimed at investigating the effect of thermal pretreatment of sludge at 70degreesC on the anaerobic degradation of three commonly found phthalic acid esters (PAE): di-ethyl phthalate (DEP), di-butyl phthalate (DBP), and di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP). Also, the enzymatic treatment...... at 28degreesC with a commercial lipase was studied as a way to enhance PAE removal. Pretreatment at 70degreesC of the sludge containing PAE negatively influenced the anaerobic biodegradability of phthalate esters at 37degreesC. The observed reduction of PAE biodegradation rates after the thermal...... pretreatment was found to be proportional to the PAE solubility in water: the higher the solubility, the higher the percentage of the reduction (DEP > DBP > DEHP). PAE were slowly degraded during the pretreatment at 70degreesC, yet this was probably due to physicochemical reactions than to microbial...

Transnationalt deja-vu

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pærregaard, Karsten

2010-01-01

Kapitlet sammenligner den danske udvandring til Argentina og den tilsvarende udvandring af japanere til Peru for hundrede år siden. Analytisk afklarer kapitlet ligheder og forskelle mellem de to migrationshistorier og diskuterer, hvordan dansk-argentinske og den japansk-peruanske koloni har udvik...

Krimiens fascinationskraft

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Søndergaard, Leif

2014-01-01

Den typiske krimi (detektivromanen) er en genre med formelagtig struktur og stereotype karakterer. Krimier er populære, fordi genren er velkendt for læseren og derfor kræver en minimum af intellektuelt arbejde. Krimier giver rationelle forklaringer og skaber sammenhæng og mening i en uoverskuelig...... verden, hvor retfærdigheden sker fyldest. Der findes gode krimier, men de gennemsnitlige kan kun læses én gang, og de lader læseren uberørt....

Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome in Children: Experience With Four Cases of Acute Ischaemia and Review of the Literature.

Science.gov (United States)

Settembre, N; Bouziane, Z; Bartoli, M A; Nabokov, V; Venermo, M; Feugier, P; Malikov, S

2017-04-01

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is an uncommon anatomical anomaly, frequently described in adults. The most common symptom is claudication. Acute limb ischaemia (ALI) in children is rare, but it may evolve and lead to limb loss or lifelong complications. Clinical and surgical experience of PAES in children is reported. Data from the literature are analysed in order to assess the severity of this disease and to identify the factors characterising the diagnosis and the outcome of treatment in paediatric patients. Four children (aged 7-16 years) were referred with ALI due to PAES. Among the 439 articles reporting cases of PAES, 55 patients under 18 years of age were the focus. The PAES cases were classified according to the Love and Whelan classification modified by Rich. Data from 79 children (106 limbs, 27 bilateral PAES) were collected and analysed. Type I PAES was present in 41 (39%), Type II in 23 (22%), Type III in 24 (23%), Type IV in 12 (11%), and Type V in two (2%) limbs. A functional PAES was present in one patient bilaterally. In two cases, the type of PAES was not reported. Claudication occurred in 68 cases (64%), and ALI in 19 (18%). In 60 cases (57%), revascularisation with or without myotomy was required; myotomy alone was performed in 41 cases (39%). Symptomatic PAES in children should be considered a severe condition requiring urgent investigation in order to avoid any delays in the treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent serious complications. The long-term outcomes of surgical treatment with the correction of the anatomical anomaly and vascular reconstruction are satisfactory with a low complication rate. Copyright © 2017 European Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Alcohol expectancies, perceived norms, and drinking behavior among college students: examining the reciprocal determinism hypothesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Wardell, Jeffrey D; Read, Jennifer P

2013-03-01

Social learning mechanisms, such as descriptive norms for drinking behavior (norms) and positive alcohol expectancies (PAEs), play a major role in college student alcohol use. According to the principle of reciprocal determinism (Bandura, 1977), norms and PAEs should be reciprocally associated with alcohol use, each influencing one another over time. However, the nature of these prospective relationships for college students is in need of further investigation. This study provided the first examination of the unique reciprocal associations among norms, PAEs, and drinking together in a single model. PAEs become more stable with age, whereas norms are likely to be more dynamic upon college entry. Thus, we hypothesized that alcohol use would show stronger reciprocal associations with norms than with PAEs for college students. Students (N = 557; 67% women) completed online measures of PAEs, norms, and quantity and frequency of alcohol use in September of their first (T1), second (T2), and third (T3) years of college. Reciprocal associations were analyzed using a cross-lagged panel design. PAEs had unidirectional influences on frequency and quantity of alcohol use, with no prospective effects from alcohol use to PAEs. Reciprocal associations were observed between norms and alcohol use, but only for quantity and not for frequency. Specifically, drinking quantity prospectively predicted quantity norms and quantity norms prospectively predicted drinking quantity. This effect was observed across both years in the model. These findings support the reciprocal determinism hypothesis for norms but not for PAEs in college students and may help to inform norm-based interventions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved).

Antioxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis by paeonol in LPS/d-GalN-induced acute liver failure in mice.

Science.gov (United States)

Gong, Xiaobao; Yang, You; Huang, Ligua; Zhang, Qingyan; Wan, Rong-Zhen; Zhang, Peng; Zhang, Baoshun

2017-05-01

To evaluate the hepatoprotective effects and potential mechanisms of paeonol (Pae) against acute liver failure (ALF) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/d-galactosamine (d-GalN) in mice, we examined anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities of Pae. We found that Pae pretreatment markedly reduced the activities of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase as well as the histopathological changes induced by LPS/d-GalN. Catalase, glutathione and superoxide dismutase activities increased and reactive oxygen species activity decreased after Pae treatment compared with LPS/d-GalN treatment. Pretreatment with Pae also significantly inhibited the expression levels of iNOS, nitric oxide (NO), COX-2 and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ). In addition, Pae administration prevented the phosphorylated expression of IκB kinase, inhibitor kappa B in the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, and suppressed the phosphorylated expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-jun-N-terminal kinase and p38 in the MAPK signaling pathway. Pretreatment with Pae also inhibited hepatocyte apoptosis by reducing the expression of caspases 3, 8, 9, and Bax, and increasing Bcl-2. In total, protective effects of Pae against LPS/d-GalN-induced ALF in mice are attributed to its antioxidative effect, inflammatory suppression in NF-κB and MARK signaling pathways, and inhibition of hepatocyte apoptosis inhibition. Therefore, Pae can be a potential therapeutic agent in attenuating LPS/d-GalN-induced ALF in the future. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Application of positron annihilation induced auger electron spectroscopy to the study of surface chemistry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Weiss, A.H.; Yang, G.; Nangia, A.; Kim, J.H.; Fazleev, N.G.

1996-01-01

Positron annihilation induced Auger Electron Spectroscopy (PAES), makes use a beam of low energy positrons to excite Auger transitions by annihilating core electrons. This novel mechanism provides PAES with a number of unique features which distinguishes it from other methods of surface analysis. In PAES the very large collisionally induced secondary electron background which is present under the low energy Auger peaks using conventional techniques can be eliminated by using a positron beam whose energy is below the range of Auger electron energies. In addition, PAES is more surface selective than conventional Auger Spectroscopy because the PAES signal originates almost exclusively from the topmost atomic layer due to the fact that the positrons annihilating with the core electrons are trapped in an image correlation well just outside the surface. In this paper, recent applications of Positron Annihilation Induced Auger Electron Spectroscopy (PAES) to the study of surface structure and surface chemistry will be discussed including studies of the growth, alloying and inter-diffusion of ultrathin layers of metals, metals on semiconductors, and semiconductors on semiconductors. In addition, the possibilities for future application of PAES to the study of catalysis and surface chemistry will be outlined. (author)

Acute pain and use of local anesthesia: Tooth drilling and childbirth labor pain beliefs among AngloAmericans, Chinese and Scandinavi­ans

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Moore, R; Brødsgaard, I; Mao, T-K

1998-01-01

I denne analyse af kvantitative data, har forskerne bekræftet de kvalitative oplysninger om forskelle mellem smerte begrebet ved amerikanere, skandinavere og kinesere. Man har især fokuseret på hvad man opfatter ved tand boring og fødselssmerter. Udgivelsesdato: 1998...

A relational fairness perspective on individuality and individualization in contemporary approaches to compensations in organizations

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Petersen, Martin Lund

motivation. Mere specifikt er hovedspørgsmålet for denne afhandling: Hvordan er den retfærdige ret konstitueret i henholdsvis et kompensations-system baseret på individualitet og individualisering, et socialt relationelt perspektiv og hvordan vil eventuelle forskelle påvirke horisontale relationer?...

Phthalate esters and organochlorine pesticides in agricultural soils and vegetables from fast-growing regions: a case study from eastern China.

Science.gov (United States)

Sun, Jianteng; Pan, Lili; Tsang, Daniel C W; Li, Zhiheng; Zhu, Lizhong; Li, Xiangdong

2018-01-01

The present study investigated phthalate esters (PAEs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in agricultural soils and vegetables from eastern China. The concentrations of PAEs ranged from 109 to 5560 ng/g in soils and 60.1 to 2390 ng/g in cabbages, with average concentrations of 946 and 601 ng/g, respectively. The concentrations of OCPs ranged from usage, whereas building materials and agricultural plastic film were possible input sources of PAEs in the ambient environment. OCPs showed no apparent effect on soil microbial communities, whereas significant negative relationship was observed between PAEs and fungi in soils (R = -0.54, p < 0.01). Human health risk assessment data revealed marginal noncarcinogenic risks and low carcinogenic risks in these soils. Notably, PAEs posed a comparable or higher risk level compared with that of OCPs. This study suggests the need for better regulation on pollution control and management of PAE-elevated sites to protect soil quality and food safety.

Role of caregiver-reported outcomes in identification of children with prenatal alcohol exposure during the first year of life.

Science.gov (United States)

Bakhireva, Ludmila N; Lowe, Jean; Garrison, Laura M; Cano, Sandra; Leyva, Yuridia; Qeadan, Fares; Stephen, Julia M

2018-05-16

BackgroundEarlier identification of children with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) remains a challenge. The objective of this study was to identify neurobehavioral (NB) outcomes associated with PAE in infants.MethodsThis manuscript evaluates NB outcomes at 6.33±1.12 months of age in 93 infants (39 PAE and 54 No-PAE) recruited prospectively into the ENRICH cohort. PAE was assessed by prospective repeated TLFB interviews and a panel of ethanol biomarkers. NB outcomes were evaluated by the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID-III), Parenting Stress Index (PSI), Infant Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ-R), and Infant Sensory Profile (ISP).ResultsMean maternal age at enrollment was 28.18±5.75, and 64.52% were Hispanic/Latina. Across three TLFB calendars, absolute alcohol per day in the PAE group was 0.44±0.72, corresponding to low-moderate alcohol consumption. While no association was observed between PAE and BSID-III (P's>0.05), PAE was associated with higher scores on the PSI difficult child scale (=13.9; P=0.015), total stress (=13.9; P=0.010), and IBQ negative affect (=8.60; P=0.008) measures after adjustment for covariates.ConclusionsCaregiver-reported assessments may provide a currently unrecognized opportunity to identify behavioral deficits, point to early interventions, and should be included in clinical assessments of infants at-risk for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.Pediatric Research advance online publication, 16 May 2018; doi:10.1038/pr.2018.26.

Taxis als Konzept der systemisch funktionalen Linguistik (SFL)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Holsting, Alexandra Emilie Møller

På baggrund af den systemisk funktionelle lingvistiks behandling af "hypotaktiske ekspansionssætninger" (det der traditionelt betegnes og betragtes som adverbialsætninger) foreslås en alternativ inddeling der kan tage højde for de grammatiske forskelle som ikke kan forklares med udgangspunkt i de...

Theory and Methods in Translator Education at the Aarhus School of Business

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Laursen, Anne Lise; Arinas Pellón, Ismael

2010-01-01

Forsøg med anvendelse af tekstkorpus og konkordansprogram i undervisningen i fagsprogsoversættelser. Bidraget sætter fokus på, hvordan et fagsprogligt genre-korpus kan anvendes til at demonstrere stilistiske forskelle mellem to sprog og til at indkredse relevant fagsproglig fraseologi til registr...

Cultural self-construals of Mexican, Spanish, and Danish college students: Beyond independent and interdependent self

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Santamaría, Andrés; de la Mata, Manuel L.; Hansen, Tia G. B.

2010-01-01

De sidste par tiår har tværkulturel forskning vist vigtige forskelle i selvbegribelse. En dybere forståelse forudsætter imidlertid inddragelse af flere kulturer. Modsat Markus og Kitayamas distinktion mellem independent og interdependent selv, har forfattere som Kagitcibasi m.fl. argumenteret for...

Øget forskellighed – status over EURO-samarbejdet

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Madsen, Mogens Ove

2012-01-01

Der er store forskelle i det europæiske samarbejde. Stor variation i arbejdsløsheden og øget spredning i konkurrenceevne. Det fører til spændinger i samarbejdet, hvor nedskæringspolitikken umuliggør tilpasning og yderligere øger misforholdet landende imellem....

On the unacknowledged significance of teachers´habitus and dispositions

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Steensen, Jette Johanne Elisabeth

2009-01-01

Kapitlet diskuterer, hvorledes habitusbegrebet kan bruges til at forstå og forklare forskelle i lærerstuderendes holdninger til lærerjob, karrieremuligheder og værdier i skolen. Kapitlet bygger på en komparativ empirisk underrsøgelse af lærerstuderende i Danmark og USA....

Business Process Re-engineering- Neotaylorisme, Konsulenthyldevare eller styrkelse af lønmodtagerne ?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Koch, Christian

1998-01-01

-konceptet identificeres. BPRs betydning for arbejdslivet dækkes via udenlandske bidrag. Der er elementer i strategien som vender næsen henimod tayloristiske tankegange: arbejdet skal kortlægges og kan omlægges, som om det er fuldt logisk strukturerbart. Men der tales der også om målstyring fremfor regelstyring......, procesorientering og teams. Elementer, der kan føre til forbedring af arbejdet. Der er store forskelle på centrale punkter imellem danske promoteres forståelse af BPR. Forskelle, der antyder, at der kan komme frugtbare resultater ud af at kende de sociale formningsmekanismer: Det er ikke ligegyldigt for fremtidens...... arbejdsliv hvilke visioner og forståelser, der indgår i koncepterne. Og koncepterne kan ændres. Dermed åbnes en vej for nye alliancer i strategier for at udvikle arbejdet. Logikken bag de nye koncepter må tages alvorligt. En hel sektor -rådgiverne- lever af at produktudvikle nye koncepter, og koncepterne vil...

Nordisk dagspresstruktur i slutet av 1980-talet

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karl Erik Gustafsson

1991-09-01

Full Text Available Dagspressen i Norden har op gennem firserne forbedret sin position - totaloplaget er vokset og udgivelsesfrekvensen er øget. Prognoser fra forskellige samfundsforskere lød for 10-15 år siden ellers på stagnation og voldsom omlægning, ikke mindst på grund af konkurrence fra de elek- troniske medier. Dagspressen har dog ændret sig og den står ikke mindst i Danmark over for store udfordringer. Karl Erik Gustavsson tegner da i sin artikel et nuan- ceret billede af ligheder og ikke mindst forskelle på dagspresseområdet i de forskellige nordiske lande, hvor typologi, læsemønstre og indtægtsfor- hold udviser stor variation. En væsentlig faktor bag disse forskelle, som placerer Danmark nederst i hierarkiet blandt de stærkt aviskonsumerende broderlande, er statsstøtten til dagbladene, hvor den direkte og selektive støtte har vist sig at gavne branchen som helhed.

Efficacy and possible mechanisms of perillaldehyde in control of Aspergillus niger causing grape decay.

Science.gov (United States)

Tian, Jun; Wang, Yanzhen; Zeng, Hong; Li, Zongyun; Zhang, Peng; Tessema, Akalate; Peng, Xue

2015-06-02

A variety of plant products have been recognized for their antifungal activity and recently have attracted food industry attention for their efficacy in controlling postharvest fungal decay of fruits. The antifungal activity of perillaldehyde (PAE) was evaluated against Aspergillus niger, a known cause of grape spoilage, and possible mechanisms were explored. PAE showed notable antifungal activity against A. niger, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and a minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 0.25 and 1 μl/ml, respectively. The accumulation of mycelial biomass was also inhibited by PAE in a dose-dependent manner, completely inhibiting mycelial growth at 1 μl/ml. In vivo data confirmed that the vapour treatment of grapes with various concentrations of PAE markedly improved control of A. niger and suppressed natural decay. Concentrations of PAE of 0.075 μl/ml air showed the greatest inhibition of fungal growth compared to the controls. Further experiments indicated that PAE activated a membrane-active mechanism that inhibits ergosterol synthesis, increases membrane permeability (as evidenced by extracellular pH and conductivity measurements), and disrupts membrane integrity, leading to cell death. Our findings suggest that this membrane-active mechanism makes PAE a promising potential antifungal agent for postharvest control of grape spoilage. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Skeletal muscle and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.

Science.gov (United States)

Myrie, Semone B; Pinder, Mark A

2018-04-01

Skeletal muscle is critical for mobility and many metabolic functions integral to survival and long-term health. Alcohol can affect skeletal muscle physiology and metabolism, which will have immediate and long-term consequences on health. While skeletal muscle abnormalities, including morphological, biochemical, and functional impairments, are well-documented in adults that excessively consume alcohol, there is a scarcity of information about the skeletal muscle in the offspring prenatally exposed to alcohol ("prenatal alcohol exposure"; PAE). This minireview examines the available studies addressing skeletal muscle abnormalities due to PAE. Growth restriction, fetal alcohol myopathy, and abnormalities in the neuromuscular system, which contribute to deficits in locomotion, are some direct, immediate consequences of PAE on skeletal muscle morphology and function. Long-term health consequences of PAE-related skeletal abnormalities include impaired glucose metabolism in the skeletal muscle, resulting in glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, leading to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In general, there is limited information on the morphological, biochemical, and functional features of skeletal abnormalities in PAE offspring. There is a need to understand how PAE affects muscle growth and function at the cellular level during early development to improve the immediate and long-term health of offspring suffering from PAE.

Postantibiotic effects and postantibiotic sub-MIC effects of tilmicosin, erythromycin and tiamulin on erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus suis.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Liping; Zhang, Yuanshu

2009-10-01

The postantibiotic effects (PAEs) and postantibiotic sub-MIC effects (PA SMEs) of tilmicosin, erythromycin and tiamulin on erythromycin-susceptible and erythromycin-resistant strains of Streptococcus suis (M phenotype) were investigated in vitro. Tilmicosin and tiamulin induced significantly longer PAE and PA SME against both erythromycin-susceptible and erythromycin-resistant strains than did erythromycin. The durations of PAE and PA SMEs were proportional to the concentrations of drugs used for exposure. The PA SMEs were substantially longer than PAEs on S. suis (P<0.05) regardless of the antimicrobial used for exposure. The results indicated that the PAE and PA SME could help in the design of efficient control strategies for infection especially caused by erythromycin-resistant S. suis and that they may provide additional valuable information for the rational drug use in clinical practice.

Adsorption of Phthalates on Municipal Activated Sludge

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hongbo Wang

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Phthalates (PAEs are commonly detected in discharge of municipal wastewater treatment plants. This study investigated the removal of six typical PAEs with activated sludge and the results revealed that concentrations of aqueous PAEs decreased rapidly during the beginning 15 min and reached equilibrium within 2 hours due to the adsorption of activated sludge. The process followed first-order kinetic equation, except for dioctyl phthalate (DOP. The factors influencing the adsorption were also evaluated and it was found that higher initial concentrations of PAEs enhanced the removal but affected little the adsorption equilibrium time. The adsorption of PAEs favored lower operating temperature (the optimum temperature was approximately 25°C in this research, which could be an exothermic process. Additionally, lower aqueous pH could also benefit the adsorption.

Simultaneous GC-MS determination of eight phthalates in total and migrated portions of plasticized polymeric toys and childcare articles.

Science.gov (United States)

Al-Natsheh, Mais; Alawi, Mahmoud; Fayyad, Manar; Tarawneh, Ibrahim

2015-03-15

A gas chromatography/mass spectrometric method was developed for the simultaneous determination of eight phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in toys and child care articles that are made of plasticized plastic. The novel method was used to determine the total concentration of the PAEs in addition to the migrated PAEs values into artificial saliva, under conditions that simulate real life situations. The extraction method, which was developed for the first time to determine the total concentration of PAEs, utilized a novel optimization of four parameters involving the solvent, time, temperature and weight of sample. The PAEs were extracted with tetrahydrofuran, as extraction the solvent, and using the ultrasonic water bath shaker for 30min, at room temperature. Another extraction method was developed to determine the migrated PAEs into artificial saliva at pH 6.2 and 37°C, implementing a liquid-liquid extraction with chloroform. Both methods were subjected to validation steps in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy and recovery, which ensured that all obtained results were well within the norms of acceptable limits and specifications. The analytes were separated at the following retention times: 4.99, 5.21, 5.31, 6.63, 7.41, 9.05min for di-"isobutyl" phthalate (DIBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), bis(2-methoxyethyl)phthalate (DMEP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), dibutyl phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), respectively. The chromatographic peaks corresponding to di-"isononyl" phthalate (DINP) and di-"isononyl" phthalate (DIDP), were separated, using the extracted ion chromatogram (EIC) mode within the time ranges of 8.05-12.10min for DINP and 8.50-14.50min for DIDP. The instrument detection limits for DIBP, DBP, DMEP, BBP, DEHP, DnOP, DINP and DIDP were determined at 0.100, 0.100, 0.045, 0.035, 0.015, 0.370, 0.320, 0.260μg/ml, respectively. The calibration curve working ranges were determined at 0.5-25μg/ml for DIBP, DBP, DMEP, BBP and DEHP, 2-100μg/ml for

Biosynthesis of amidated joining peptide from pro-adrenocorticotropin-endorphin

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cullen, E.I.; Mains, R.E. (Johns Hopkins Univ. School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (USA))

1987-09-01

Joining peptide is the major alpha-amidated product of pro-ACTH/endorphin (PAE) in AtT-20 corticotropic tumor cells. To study intracellular joining peptide synthesis, affinity purified antibodies directed against gamma-MSH, joining peptide, and ACTH were used to immunoprecipitate extracts from biosynthetically labeled AtT-20 cells. Immunoprecipitates were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by tryptic peptide mapping on HPLC. In steady labeling experiments, radioactivity in amidated joining peptide (JP) increased roughly linearly with time, in the manner of a final product, whereas radioactivity associated with PAE (1-94)NH2 reached a constant value after 2-4 h, indicating that PAE(1-94)NH2 is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of JP. Radioactivity appeared in ACTH(1-39) well before JP, consistent with a cleavage order in which ACTH is cleaved from PAE(1-95) before JP sequences are cleaved from PAE(1-74). This conclusion was supported by tryptic peptide analyses of immunoprecipitates, which indicated that less than 5% of JP-related material is cleaved from PAE(1-74) before being cleaved from ACTH-related sequences. After a pulse label, radioactivity in PAE(1-94)NH2 reached a peak value after 1 h of chase and declined with a half-life of less than 1 h. Amidated JP increased to a constant level after 2 h of chase. Enough radiolabeled PAE(1-94)NH2 was detected to account for about half of the radioactivity found in amidated JP, indicating that about half of JP-related material is first cleaved from PAE(1-95) before being amidated. This result was corroborated using HPLC purification to determine both amidated and glycine-extended forms of JP.

Biosynthesis of amidated joining peptide from pro-adrenocorticotropin-endorphin

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cullen, E.I.; Mains, R.E.

1987-01-01

Joining peptide is the major alpha-amidated product of pro-ACTH/endorphin (PAE) in AtT-20 corticotropic tumor cells. To study intracellular joining peptide synthesis, affinity purified antibodies directed against gamma-MSH, joining peptide, and ACTH were used to immunoprecipitate extracts from biosynthetically labeled AtT-20 cells. Immunoprecipitates were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by tryptic peptide mapping on HPLC. In steady labeling experiments, radioactivity in amidated joining peptide (JP) increased roughly linearly with time, in the manner of a final product, whereas radioactivity associated with PAE (1-94)NH2 reached a constant value after 2-4 h, indicating that PAE(1-94)NH2 is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of JP. Radioactivity appeared in ACTH(1-39) well before JP, consistent with a cleavage order in which ACTH is cleaved from PAE(1-95) before JP sequences are cleaved from PAE(1-74). This conclusion was supported by tryptic peptide analyses of immunoprecipitates, which indicated that less than 5% of JP-related material is cleaved from PAE(1-74) before being cleaved from ACTH-related sequences. After a pulse label, radioactivity in PAE(1-94)NH2 reached a peak value after 1 h of chase and declined with a half-life of less than 1 h. Amidated JP increased to a constant level after 2 h of chase. Enough radiolabeled PAE(1-94)NH2 was detected to account for about half of the radioactivity found in amidated JP, indicating that about half of JP-related material is first cleaved from PAE(1-95) before being amidated. This result was corroborated using HPLC purification to determine both amidated and glycine-extended forms of JP

På jagt efter klasse

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Faber, Stine Thidemann

I afhandlingen På jagt efter klasse undersøger Stine Thidemann Faber, hvordan klasse manifesterer sig i kvinders fortællinger om hverdagsliv, og hvordan klasserelaterede forskelle opleves og kommer til udtryk sammen med andre differentieringsformer, først og fremmest køn. Baggrunden for afhandlin...

New Route Choice Models

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Otto Anker

udgave af SUE, der rummer to typer stokastiske faktorer - den ene beskriver trafikanters 'oplevede' rejsemodstande på stræknings-niveauet (som i den traditionelle SUE), mens den anden beskriver forskelle i trafikanternes præferen-cer. Denne model har vist sig at give en mere realistisk beskrivelse af...

Tre teorier om den moralske udvikling

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bo, Inger Glavind; Andreasen, Brian Kjær

I artiklen gennemgås tre forskellige men teorihistorisk relaterede perspektiver på forståelsen af moralsk udvikling: Piaget, Kohlberg og Gilligan. I den efterfølgende diskussion af disse teoretikeres respektive positioner påpeges såvel forskelle som ligheder i deres betoning af moralens karakter...

Den rekreative værdi af udrensning i eg

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Skovsgaard, Jens Peter; Jensen, Frank Søndergaard; Meilby, Henrik

2017-01-01

Professionelle forstfolk i Nordeuropa foretrækker ung egeskov, som er udrenset hårdt og derfor er meget åben. I Mellem- og Sydeuropa foretrækkes svagere udrensning, som giver tættere bevoksninger. Forskellene er formodentlig kulturelt betingede og afspejler forskelle i uddannelsen af skovfogeder ...

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and placement of automated external defibrillators in the community

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Folke, Fredrik

2010-01-01

forskelle i patientkarakteristika afhængigt af hvor hjertestoppet forekommer (boligområde versus offentligt rum); 4) at estimere omkostnings-effektiviteten for PAD programmer i boligområder og det offentligt rum afhængigt af valgte AED placeringsstrategi. METODE OG RESULTATER I perioden 1994-2005 blev alle...

Specialet som glasloft – hvorfor får mandlige studerende bedre specialekarakterer?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vibeke Lehmann Nielsen

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Selvom de mandlige universitetsstuderende ikke klarer sig bedre end kvinderne frem til specialet, får de gennemsnitligt bedre specialekarakterer. Artiklens analyser viser, at det hverken handler om specialevejlederens køn eller om typen af universitetsstudium. Mulige forklaringer, som det er værd for kommende forskning at forfølge, er dels generel diskrimination af kvindelige specialestuderende og dels de studerendes møde med specialet, hvor kønnenes livssituation og/eller deres reaktioner på rollen som specialestuderende kan være forskellige.

Postantibiotic effects and postantibiotic sub-MIC effects of tilmicosin, erythromycin and tiamulin on erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus suis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liping Wang

2009-12-01

Full Text Available The postantibiotic effects (PAEs and postantibiotic sub-MIC effects (PA SMEs of tilmicosin, erythromycin and tiamulin on erythromycin-susceptible and erythromycin-resistant strains of Streptococcus suis (M phenotype were investigated in vitro. Tilmicosin and tiamulin induced significantly longer PAE and PA SME against both erythromycin-susceptible and erythromycin-resistant strains than did erythromycin. The durations of PAE and PA SMEs were proportional to the concentrations of drugs used for exposure. The PA SMEs were substantially longer than PAEs on S. suis (P<0.05 regardless of the antimicrobial used for exposure. The results indicated that the PAE and PA SME could help in the design of efficient control strategies for infection especially caused by erythromycin-resistant S. suis and that they may provide additional valuable information for the rational drug use in clinical practice.

Quantitative evaluation of spasticity

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lorentzen, Jakob

opsummerer resultaterne fra fire studier, som havde til formål at kvantificere 1) en spinal mekanisme med relation til spasticitet Post Activation Depression (PAD) som er relevant for udviklingen af hyperrefleksi hos personer med spasticitet 2) forskelle i refleksaktivitet målt klinisk og med en kombineret...

The product life cycle revisited

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ulhøi, John Parm

1995-01-01

Efter et introduktionsafsnit følger afsnit II, hvor der gives en historisk analyse af Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) og Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). I afsnit III munder analysen ud i en vurdering af ligheder og forskelle mellem LCA analyser og EIA analyser, og en diskussion følger af...

Personlighed og motivation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Olsen, Jan Brødslev

2017-01-01

ses som forskelle i deres personlighed og i deres motivation. Kapitlet er opbygget således, at ganske kort præciseres først de to begreber, personlighed og motivation, hvorefter udvalgte teoretiske perspektiver på personlighed og motivation tages op. Til sammen vil disse bidrage til at besvare...

Er innovation og entreprenørskab overhovedet noget for skolen?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Lene Tanggaard; Johannesen, Rikke

2012-01-01

Denne artikel har som sin bestræbelse helt kort at opridse mulige forskelle og ligheder mellem aktuelt populære begreber som kreativitet, innovation, iværksætteri, entreprenørskab og foretagsomhed. Søsterbegreber, der har mange overlap og sammenfald. Dertil vil vi kort opridse skoleledelsens mulige...

Receptionsanalyse og Brødre

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Lennard Højbjerg

2016-01-01

Receptionsanalysen omfatter både teori og empiriske undersøgelse. Det er dog først, når man foretager kvalitative undersøgelser af tilskuernes reception, man ser de interessante forskelle i oplevelserne af film. Susanne Biers film "Brødre" danner udgangspunkt for kvalitative interviews med 6...

Identifying specific non-attending groups in breast cancer screening - population-based registry study of participation and socio-demography

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Line Flytkjær; Pedersen, Anette Fischer; Andersen, Berit

2012-01-01

inviteret til første screeningrunde i Region Midtjylland (n=149.234). Resultaterne viste, at der er sociale forskelle blandt kvinder som deltager og kvinder som ikke deltager i brystkræft screening. De ældste kvinder, ugifte kvinder, kvinder med lav indkomst og lav uddannelse, kvinder ude for arbejdsmarked...

Sex differences in associations between white matter microstructure and gonadal hormones in children and adolescents with prenatal alcohol exposure.

Science.gov (United States)

Uban, K A; Herting, M M; Wozniak, J R; Sowell, E R

2017-09-01

Despite accumulating evidence from animal models demonstrating that prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) results in life-long neuroendocrine dysregulation, very little is known on this topic among humans with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). We expected that alterations in gonadal hormones might interfere with the typical development of white matter (WM) myelination, and in a sex-dependent manner, in human adolescents with FASD. In order to investigate this hypothesis, we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to assess: 1) whether or not sex moderates the impact of PAE on WM microstructure; and 2) how gonadal hormones relate to alterations in WM microstructure in children and adolescents affected by PAE. 61 youth (9 to 16 yrs.; 49% girls; 50% PAE) participated as part of the Collaborative Initiative on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (CIFASD). DTI scans and passive drool samples were obtained to examine neurodevelopmental associations with testosterone (T) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels in boys and girls, and estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) levels in girls. Tract-based spatial statistics were utilized to generate fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) for 9 a priori WM regions of interest (ROIs). As predicted, alterations in FA were observed in adolescents with PAE relative to controls, and these differences varied by sex. Girls with PAE exhibited lower FA (Inferior fronto-occipital and Uncinate fasciculi) while boys with PAE exhibited higher FA (Callosal body, Cingulum, Corticospinal tract, Optic radiation, Superior longitudinal fasciculus) relative to age-matched controls. When gonadal hormone levels were examined in relation to DTI measures, additional group differences in FA were revealed, demonstrating that neuroendocrine factors are associated with PAE-related brain alterations. These findings provide human evidence that PAE relates to sex-specific differences in WM microstructure, and underlying alterations in gonadal hormone

Comparing diagnostic classification of neurobehavioral disorder associated with prenatal alcohol exposure with the Canadian fetal alcohol spectrum disorder guidelines: a cohort study.

Science.gov (United States)

Sanders, James L; Breen, Rebecca E Hudson; Netelenbos, Nicole

2017-01-01

Diagnostic criteria have recently been introduced in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5), for neurobehavioral disorder associated with prenatal alcohol exposure (ND-PAE). The purpose of this study is to assess the classification of this condition using the Canadian fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) multidisciplinary diagnostic guidelines as the standard of comparison. First, classification of ND-PAE was compared with Canadian FASD diagnoses of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), partial FAS and alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder. Second, classification of ND-PAE was compared with FAS and pFAS only, a criterion for which includes facial features highly predictive of prenatal alcohol exposure and effects. Eighty-two patients underwent multidisciplinary clinical evaluations using the Canadian FASD diagnostic guidelines between 2011 and 2015. Two clinicians independently reviewed patient files for evidence of diagnostic criteria for ND-PAE when applying an impairment cut-off level of 2 or more standard deviations below the mean, or clinically significant impairment in the absence of standardized norm-referenced measures. Good interrater reliability was established between clinicians (κ = 0.79). Classifications of ND-PAE and Canadian FASD diagnoses, including alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder, were moderately correlated (Cramer V [82] = 0.44, p 0.05). Although there is considerable overlap between both sets of criteria, ND-PAE was less likely to identify patients with FASD. Although the neurobehavioral domains assessed by ND-PAE are supported in research, its diagnostic structure restricts the identification of FASD at the impairment threshold of 2 or more standard deviations. A disconnect remains with regard to impairment thresholds between FASD, which relies on neurodevelopmental data, and ND-PAE, which relies on clinical judgment.

Effects of sex and housing on social, spatial, and motor behavior in adult rats exposed to moderate levels of alcohol during prenatal development.

Science.gov (United States)

Rodriguez, Carlos I; Magcalas, Christy M; Barto, Daniel; Fink, Brandi C; Rice, James P; Bird, Clark W; Davies, Suzy; Pentkowski, Nathan S; Savage, Daniel D; Hamilton, Derek A

2016-10-15

Persistent deficits in social behavior, motor behavior, and behavioral flexibility are among the major negative consequences associated with exposure to ethanol during prenatal development. Prior work from our laboratory has linked moderate prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) in the rat to deficits in these behavioral domains, which depend upon the ventrolateral frontal cortex (Hamilton et al., 2014) [20]. Manipulations of the social environment cause modifications of dendritic morphology and experience-dependent immediate early gene expression in ventrolateral frontal cortex (Hamilton et al., 2010) [19], and may yield positive behavioral outcomes following PAE. In the present study we evaluated the effects of housing PAE rats with non-exposed control rats on adult behavior. Rats of both sexes were either paired with a partner from the same prenatal treatment condition (ethanol or saccharin) or from the opposite condition (mixed housing condition). At four months of age (∼3 months after the housing manipulation commenced), social behavior, tongue protrusion, and behavioral flexibility in the Morris water task were measured as in (Hamilton et al., 2014) [20]. The behavioral effects of moderate PAE were primarily limited to males and were not ameliorated by housing with a non-ethanol exposed partner. Unexpectedly, social behavior, motor behavior, and spatial flexibility were adversely affected in control rats housed with a PAE rat (i.e., in mixed housing), indicating that housing with a PAE rat has broad behavioral consequences beyond the social domain. These observations provide further evidence that moderate PAE negatively affects social behavior, and underscore the importance of considering potential negative effects of housing with PAE animals on the behavior of critical comparison groups. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Fate and impact of phthalates in activated sludge treated municipal wastewater on the water bodies in the Eastern Cape, South Africa.

Science.gov (United States)

Salaudeen, Taofeek; Okoh, Omobola; Agunbiade, Foluso; Okoh, Anthony

2018-07-01

The concentration and fates of six priority phthalate esters (PAEs); dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), di (2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP) in wastewaters from the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) which adopted the activated sludge technology in the Amathole Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa were investigated. The six PAEs were detected in all the influents and in almost all the WWTP effluent of which DBP was the most abundant in the influent followed by DEHP. Influent concentration of DBP in the three WWTPs ranged between 2.7 and 2488 μgL -1 and the average effluent concentration was 4.90-8.88 μgL -1 . On average, the concentration of PAEs in WWTP effluents were higher than PAEs in the upstream and downstream of the discharging point suggesting PAE impact on the receiving water. The concentrations detected in the sludge of which DEHP and DBP were more pervasive ranged between 130 and 1094 μg/g dry weight. The average removal capacity; 27.3-99.5% suggested more adsorption on settling particles and sludge than biodegradation as high significant correlation was found between PAEs removal, total suspended solid and turbidity. Removal of high molecular weight and high octanol-water partition coefficient (logK ow ) PAEs through adsorption was found to be significantly high. It could be concluded that the release of PAEs into the sludge, and the amount in the final effluent which were found to exceed the acceptable levels allowed internationally, raises safety concern for both aquatic and human's health. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Phthalate release in leachate from municipal landfills of central Poland.

Science.gov (United States)

Wowkonowicz, Paweł; Kijeńska, Marta

2017-01-01

Phthalate diesters (PAEs) are used as plasticizer additives to polymer chains to make the material more flexible and malleable. PAEs are bonded physically, not chemically, to the polymeric matrix and can migrate to and leach from the product surface, posing a serious danger to the environment and human health. There have been a number of studies on PAE concentrations in landfill leachate conducted in the EU and around the world, though few in Poland. In the present study, the leachate of five municipal landfills was analyzed for the presence of PAEs. Raw leachate was sampled four times over the period of one year in 2015/16. It was the first large study on this subject in Poland. PAEs were detected in the leachate samples on all of the landfills, thereby indicating that PAEs are ubiquitous environmental contaminants. The following PAEs were detected in at least one sample: Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), Diethyl phthalate (DEP), Dimethyl phthalate (DMP), Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), Di-isobutylphthalate (DIBP). Out of all ten PAEs, DEHP was the most predominant, with concentrations up to 73.9 μg/L. DEHP was present in 65% of analyzed samples (in 100% of samples in spring, 80% in winter, and 40% in summer and autumn). In only 25% of all samples DEHP was below the acceptable UE limit for surface water (1.3 μg/L), while 75% was from 1.7 to 56 times higher than that value. On the two largest landfills DEHP concentrations were observed during samples from all four seasons, including on a landfill which has been remediated and closed for the last 5 years.

Organophosphate esters and phthalate esters in human hair from rural and urban areas, Chongqing, China: Concentrations, composition profiles and sources in comparison to street dust.

Science.gov (United States)

He, Ming-Jing; Lu, Jun-Feng; Ma, Jing-Ye; Wang, Huan; Du, Xiao-Fan

2018-06-01

Human hair and street dust from rural and urban areas in Chongqing were collected to analyze Organophosphate esters (OPEs) and phthalate esters (PAEs). Concentrations of OPEs in urban hair were significantly higher than those in rural hair, whereas PAEs concentrations in rural hair were significantly higher than those in urban hair. Different composition patterns of OPEs were observed in rural and urban hair, where tris (2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP), tris (butyl) phosphate (TNBP) and triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) were the dominating analogues in rural hair, accounting for 62.1% of the OPEs burden, and tris (methylphenyl) phosphate (TMPP) exhibited a high contribution in urban hair, responsible for 51.3% of total OPEs, which differed from the composition profiles in corresponding street dust. Analogous composition patterns of PAEs were found in hair of both areas. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DNBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) were the most abundant analogues in hair samples, while DEHP was the predominant analogue in dust samples. No clear tendency was obtained between the increasing ages and the concentrations of both compounds. Most OPEs and PAEs congeners showed significantly positive correlation with one another in rural hair. On the contrary, different correlation patterns were observed in urban hair for OPEs and PAEs, indicating multiple or additional sources existed in urban areas. Significant correlations of OPEs and PAEs were found between hair and corresponding street dust samples, but poor correlations of OPEs and PAEs were observed between rural hair and rural indoor dust, suggesting that street dust may be a predominant exogenous source for human exposure to OPEs and PAEs in this area. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Death on demand? An analysis of physician-administered euthanasia in The Netherlands.

Science.gov (United States)

Preston, Robert

2018-03-01

Physician-administered euthanasia (PAE) was legalized, along with physician-assisted suicide (PAS), in The Netherlands in 2001. Annual reports of the Dutch Regional Euthanasia Review Committees, the committees' 2015 published Code of Practice and research studies. There is a general openness about the practice of PAE/PAS in The Netherlands and an avoidance of misleading euphemisms. The 2001 law also includes arrangements for post-event review of PAE/PAS decisions. Rising numbers of annually reported deaths from PAE and uncertainty over actual numbers. Movement away from the principle that euthanasia must take place within an established doctor-patient relationship. Increasing extension of the 2001 law to people with mental health conditions, dementia and multiple co-morbidities. Nature of the post-event scrutiny applied to reported cases. The predominance of PAE over PAS where both are legalized raises questions over how these two acts are perceived and whether there are implications for such laws. Are the criteria for PAE/PAS in the 2001 law appropriate for a law of this nature? What should be the respective roles of the second-opinion doctors and the review committees?

Effect of propolis alcoholic extract on the weight gain, carcass traits and cecal pH of growing rabbits

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joseli Alves Ferreira Zanato

2007-06-01

Full Text Available The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of different rates of propolis alcoholic extract (PAE on the weight gain, carcass traits and cecal pH of growing rabbits. Forty White New Zealand rabbits were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design consisting of four treatments and ten replicates per treatment. The rabbits were allocated individually in wire cages containing a nipple drinker and a semi-automatic feeder. The treatments were: T1 = control, T2 = 1ml of ethanol, T3 = 0.8ml of PAE, and T4 = 1.5ml of PAE. Commercial feed and water were provided ad libitum to the animals, and the treatment with cereal alcohol and PAE was administered orally using a 2ml syringe. It was concluded that the addition of PAE to the rabbits’ feeding resulted in weight gain, carcass traits and cecal pH similar to those of animals which received the diets with ethanol without any addition, except for the paw weight, that was higher in the rabbits which were given PAE, and for the gastric system, that had a higher weight in the rabbits which received no addition to their diet.

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Klooster, N.J.J.; Janevski, B.K.; Kitslaar, P.

1988-01-01

Two patients with unilateral popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) are reported. The importance of diligence in angiographic diagnosis and recognition of the so-called 'functional' PAES group as a separate entity are stressed. It is inferred from our material that a surgical approach for PAES is to be advocated since surgical release of the entrapment can lead to complete resolution of symptoms regardless of aetiology. (orig.) [de

To villaer af Aage Rafn

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Weylandt, Birgit

2006-01-01

Gennem sine værker og skrifter var Rafn med til at forme et nyt arkitekturbegreb gennem en rationel klassicisme, der blev overgangen til en mere international poetisk modernisme. Artiklen fokuserer på forskelle og ligheder, der karakteriserer to udvalgte værker: Villaen Gl. Vartov Vej 22 opført 1...

Velfærdsstat og civilsamfund

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Boje, Thomas P.

2008-01-01

organisationer har i det sen-moderne samfund. Artiklen starter med en præcisering af de forskellige tilgange til forståelsen af civilsamfund samt forholdet mellem civilsamfund og velfærdsstat. Dette efterfølges af en analyse af forskelle mellem de europæiske lande i frivillighed og i organiseringen af...

Does the long-term interest rate predict future inflation?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Engsted, Tom

1995-01-01

Fisher hypotesen indebærer, at spændet mellem den lange rente og inflationstakten er den optimale prediktor af fremtidige ændringer i inflationstakten. Denne hypotese undersøges med data fra 13 OECD lande. Resultaterne viser, at der er store forskelle mellem landene m.h.t. den lange rentes evne t...

Hypotakse og indlejring

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Holsting, Alexandra Emilie Møller

2007-01-01

I artiklen foretager jeg en diskussion af kategorierne sætningskompleks og indlejret sætning inden for systemisk funktionel lingvistik (SFL). Problemet med den systemisk funktionelle beskrivelse er at den ikke formår at gøre rede for grammatiske forskelle på forskellige typer bisætninger, og jeg...

Pigebilleder og drengestreger

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Nielsen, Anne Maj

Med udgangspunkt i børns tegninger gøres der i bogen rede for børns billedsmæssige udvikling og billedsocialisation, for personlige, lokale og kulturelle betydninger i børns billeder i form af forskellige symbollag samt for ligheder og forskelle i piger og drenges billeder og billedsocialisation....

Grænsefællesskaber

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mørck, Line Lerche

Veje ud af marginalisering Hvordan opbygges fællesskaber på tværs af etniske og sociale forskelle? Hvordan integreres etniske minoriteter på en måde, der bygger videre på og udvikler deres ressourcer? Hvordan kan der udvikles teori, der ikke reproducerer social ulighed? Med udgangspunkt i det ?vi...

Pharmacogenetic investigations with special reference to forensic medicine

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Buchard, Anders

Dansk Resumé Mennesker reagerer forskelligt på lægemidler. Den samme dosis af et givent lægemiddel vil hos nogle individer resultere i bivirkninger, mens andre vil opleve ringe eller ingen effekt. Der kan være mange årsager til dette, bl.a. genetiske forskelle mellem individer. Farmakogenetik kan...

Prenatal alcohol exposure results in long-term serotonin neuron deficits in female rats: modulatory role of ovarian steroids.

Science.gov (United States)

Sliwowska, Joanna H; Song, Hyun Jung; Bodnar, Tamara; Weinberg, Joanne

2014-01-01

Previous studies on male rodents found that prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) decreases the number of serotonin immunoreactive (5-HT-ir) neurons in the brainstem. However, data on the effects of PAE in females are lacking. In light of known sex differences in responsiveness of the 5-HT system and known effects of estrogen (E2 ) and progesterone (P4 ) in the brain, we hypothesized that sex steroids will modulate the adverse effects of PAE on 5-HT neurons in adult females. Adult females from 3 prenatal groups (Prenatal alcohol-exposed [PAE], Pair-fed [PF], and ad libitum-fed Controls [C]) were ovariectomized (OVX), with or without hormone replacement, or underwent Sham OVX. 5-HT-ir cells were examined in key brainstem areas. Our data support the hypothesis that PAE has long-term effects on the 5-HT system of females and that ovarian steroids have a modulatory role in these effects. Intact (Sham OVX) PAE females had marginally lower numbers of 5-HT-ir neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus of the brainstem compared with PF and C females. This marginal difference became significant following removal of hormones by OVX. Replacement with E2 restored the number of 5-HT-ir neurons in PAE females to control levels, while P4 reversed the effects of E2 . Importantly, despite these differential responses of the 5-HT system to ovarian steroids, there were no differences in E2 and P4 levels among prenatal treatment groups. These data demonstrate long-term, adverse effects of PAE on the 5-HT system of females, as well as differential sensitivity of PAE compared with control females to the modulatory effects of ovarian steroids on 5-HT neurons. Our findings have important implications for understanding sex differences in 5-HT dysfunction in depression/anxiety disorders and the higher rates of these mental health problems in individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Copyright © 2013 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.

Prenatal alcohol exposure modifies glucocorticoid receptor subcellular distribution in the medial prefrontal cortex and impairs frontal cortex-dependent learning.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andrea M Allan

Full Text Available Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE has been shown to impair learning, memory and executive functioning in children. Perseveration, or the failure to respond adaptively to changing contingencies, is a hallmark on neurobehavioral assessment tasks for human fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD. Adaptive responding is predominantly a product of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC and is regulated by corticosteroids. In our mouse model of PAE we recently reported deficits in hippocampal formation-dependent learning and memory and a dysregulation of hippocampal formation glucocorticoid receptor (GR subcellular distribution. Here, we examined the effect of PAE on frontal cortical-dependent behavior, as well as mPFC GR subcellular distribution and the levels of regulators of intracellular GR transport. PAE mice displayed significantly reduced response flexibility in a Y-maze reversal learning task. While the levels of total nuclear GR were reduced in PAE mPFC, levels of GR phosphorylated at serines 203, 211 and 226 were not significantly changed. Cytosolic, but not nuclear, MR levels were elevated in the PAE mPFC. The levels of critical GR trafficking proteins, FKBP51, Hsp90, cyclophilin 40, dynamitin and dynein intermediate chain, were altered in PAE mice, in favor of the exclusion of GR from the nucleus, indicating dysregulation of GR trafficking. Our findings suggest that there may be a link between a deficit in GR nuclear localization and frontal cortical learning deficits in prenatal alcohol-exposed mice.

Unilateral Versus Bilateral Prostatic Arterial Embolization for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Patients with Prostate Enlargement

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bilhim, Tiago, E-mail: tiagobilhim@hotmail.com [Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Departamento Universitario de Anatomia, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas (FCM) (Portugal); Pisco, Joao; Rio Tinto, Hugo; Fernandes, Lucia [Interventional Radiology, Saint Louis Hospital (Portugal); Campos Pinheiro, Luis [Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Departamento Universitario de Urologia, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas (FCM) (Portugal); Duarte, Marisa; Pereira, Jose A. [Interventional Radiology, Saint Louis Hospital (Portugal); Oliveira, Antonio G. [Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Biostatistics Department, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas (FCM) (Portugal); O' Neill, Joao [Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Departamento Universitario de Anatomia, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas (FCM) (Portugal)

2013-04-15

This study was designed to compare baseline data and clinical outcome between patients with prostate enlargement/benign prostatic hyperplasia (PE/BPH) who underwent unilateral and bilateral prostatic arterial embolization (PAE) for the relief of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). This single-center, ambispective cohort study compared 122 consecutive patients (mean age 66.7 years) with unilateral versus bilateral PAE from March 2009 to December 2011. Selective PAE was performed with 100- and 200-{mu}m nonspherical polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles by a unilateral femoral approach. Bilateral PAE was performed in 103 (84.4 %) patients (group A). The remaining 19 (15.6 %) patients underwent unilateral PAE (group B). Mean follow-up time was 6.7 months in group A and 7.3 months in group B. Mean prostate volume, PSA, International prostate symptom score/quality of life (IPSS/QoL) and post-void residual volume (PVR) reduction, and peak flow rate (Qmax) improvement were 19.4 mL, 1.68 ng/mL, 11.8/2.0 points, 32.9 mL, and 3.9 mL/s in group A and 11.5 mL, 1.98 ng/mL, 8.9/1.4 points, 53.8 mL, and 4.58 mL/s in group B. Poor clinical outcome was observed in 24.3 % of patients from group A and 47.4 % from group B (p = 0.04). PAE is a safe and effective technique that can induce 48 % improvement in the IPSS score and a prostate volume reduction of 19 %, with good clinical outcome in up to 75 % of treated patients. Bilateral PAE seems to lead to better clinical results; however, up to 50 % of patients after unilateral PAE may have a good clinical outcome.

[Magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate: usefulness of diffusion sequences in detecting postembolization ischemia in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia].

Science.gov (United States)

Serrano, E; Ocantos, J; Kohan, A; Kisilevsky, N; Napoli, N; García-Mónaco, R

2016-01-01

To analyze the usefulness of diffusion magnetic resonance (MR) sequences before and after prostatic artery embolization (PAE) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We analyzed MR studies done before (7-10 days) and after (30 days) PAE in 19 patients with BPH treated with PAE between June 2012 and December 2013. We used 1.5 Tesla scanners with body surface coils. In pre-PAE MR studies, we recorded mean b40 values and minimum (min) and maximum (max) apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. In post-PAE MR studies, we recorded b40, b400, and b1000 values and min, mean, and max ADC values. We compared diffusion behavior/ADC before and after PAE and areas without ischemia. We correlated these with decreased prostatic volume (PV). We identified ischemia with contrast in 8 (42.1%) patients. No significant difference was found in mean b40 (p= 0.1650) or in the b40 ratio (p= 0.8868) between patients with ischemia and those without before PAE. Min b40, b40 ratio, and min ADC values differed significantly between ischemic areas and nonischemic areas within patients [p= 0.048 (b40min and ratio) and p= 0.002 (min ADC)]. No significant correlation was found between the percentage decrease in PV and mean b40 (p= 0.8490) or b40 ratio (p=0.8573). Post-PAE ischemia generates objective changes in diffusion and ADC values that enable ischemic sectors to be differentiated from nonischemic sectors. Future studies should analyze whether it is possible to subjectively differentiate between these areas through the visualization of nonischemic sectors and the feasibility of replacing them with contrast to detect ischemia. Copyright © 2015 SERAM. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Robotic-Assisted Versus Manual Prostatic Arterial Embolization for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Comparative Analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bagla, Sandeep, E-mail: sandeep.bagla@gmail.com [Vascular Institute of Virginia, LLC (United States); Smirniotopoulos, John [New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center (United States); Orlando, Julie C.; Piechowiak, Rachel [Vascular Institute of Virginia, LLC (United States)

2017-03-15

PurposeProstatic artery embolization (PAE) is a safe and efficacious procedure for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), though is technically challenging. We present our experience of technical and clinical outcomes of robotic and manual PAE in patients with BPH.Materials and MethodsIRB-approved retrospective study of 40 consecutive patients 49–81 years old with moderate or severe grade BPH from May 2014 to July 2015: 20 robotic-assisted PAE (group 1), 20 manual PAE (group 2). Robotic-assisted PAE was performed using the Magellan Robotic System. American Urological Association (AUA-SI) score, cost, technical and clinical success, radiation dose, fluoroscopy, and procedure time were reviewed. Statistical analysis was performed within and between each group using paired t test and one-way analysis of variance respectively, at 1 and 3 months.ResultsNo significant baseline differences in age and AUA-SI between groups. Technical success was 100% (group 1) and 95% (group 2). One unsuccessful subject from group 2 returned for a successful embolization using robotic assistance. Fluoroscopy and procedural times were similar between groups, with a non-significant lower patient radiation dose in group 1 (30,632.8 mGy/cm{sup 2} vs 35,890.9, p = 0.269). Disposable cost was significantly different between groups with the robotic-assisted PAE incurring a higher cost (group 1 $4530.2; group 2 $1588.5, p < 0.0001). Clinical improvement was significant in both arms at 3 months: group 1 mean change in AUA-SI of 8.3 (p = 0.006), group 2: 9.6 (p < 0.0001). No minor or major complications occurred.ConclusionsRobotic-assisted PAE offers technical success comparable to manual PAE, with similar clinical improvement with an increased cost.

Robotic-Assisted Versus Manual Prostatic Arterial Embolization for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Comparative Analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bagla, Sandeep; Smirniotopoulos, John; Orlando, Julie C.; Piechowiak, Rachel

2017-01-01

PurposeProstatic artery embolization (PAE) is a safe and efficacious procedure for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), though is technically challenging. We present our experience of technical and clinical outcomes of robotic and manual PAE in patients with BPH.Materials and MethodsIRB-approved retrospective study of 40 consecutive patients 49–81 years old with moderate or severe grade BPH from May 2014 to July 2015: 20 robotic-assisted PAE (group 1), 20 manual PAE (group 2). Robotic-assisted PAE was performed using the Magellan Robotic System. American Urological Association (AUA-SI) score, cost, technical and clinical success, radiation dose, fluoroscopy, and procedure time were reviewed. Statistical analysis was performed within and between each group using paired t test and one-way analysis of variance respectively, at 1 and 3 months.ResultsNo significant baseline differences in age and AUA-SI between groups. Technical success was 100% (group 1) and 95% (group 2). One unsuccessful subject from group 2 returned for a successful embolization using robotic assistance. Fluoroscopy and procedural times were similar between groups, with a non-significant lower patient radiation dose in group 1 (30,632.8 mGy/cm"2 vs 35,890.9, p = 0.269). Disposable cost was significantly different between groups with the robotic-assisted PAE incurring a higher cost (group 1 $4530.2; group 2 $1588.5, p < 0.0001). Clinical improvement was significant in both arms at 3 months: group 1 mean change in AUA-SI of 8.3 (p = 0.006), group 2: 9.6 (p < 0.0001). No minor or major complications occurred.ConclusionsRobotic-assisted PAE offers technical success comparable to manual PAE, with similar clinical improvement with an increased cost.

Unilateral Versus Bilateral Prostatic Arterial Embolization for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Patients with Prostate Enlargement

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bilhim, Tiago; Pisco, João; Rio Tinto, Hugo; Fernandes, Lúcia; Campos Pinheiro, Luís; Duarte, Marisa; Pereira, José A.; Oliveira, António G.; O’Neill, João

2013-01-01

This study was designed to compare baseline data and clinical outcome between patients with prostate enlargement/benign prostatic hyperplasia (PE/BPH) who underwent unilateral and bilateral prostatic arterial embolization (PAE) for the relief of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). This single-center, ambispective cohort study compared 122 consecutive patients (mean age 66.7 years) with unilateral versus bilateral PAE from March 2009 to December 2011. Selective PAE was performed with 100- and 200-μm nonspherical polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles by a unilateral femoral approach. Bilateral PAE was performed in 103 (84.4 %) patients (group A). The remaining 19 (15.6 %) patients underwent unilateral PAE (group B). Mean follow-up time was 6.7 months in group A and 7.3 months in group B. Mean prostate volume, PSA, International prostate symptom score/quality of life (IPSS/QoL) and post-void residual volume (PVR) reduction, and peak flow rate (Qmax) improvement were 19.4 mL, 1.68 ng/mL, 11.8/2.0 points, 32.9 mL, and 3.9 mL/s in group A and 11.5 mL, 1.98 ng/mL, 8.9/1.4 points, 53.8 mL, and 4.58 mL/s in group B. Poor clinical outcome was observed in 24.3 % of patients from group A and 47.4 % from group B (p = 0.04). PAE is a safe and effective technique that can induce 48 % improvement in the IPSS score and a prostate volume reduction of 19 %, with good clinical outcome in up to 75 % of treated patients. Bilateral PAE seems to lead to better clinical results; however, up to 50 % of patients after unilateral PAE may have a good clinical outcome.

Fire drenge på Ørestad Gymnasium

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bertelsen, Eva; Frische, Nanna

2013-01-01

gymnasiale og videregående uddannelser. I denne artikel ønsker vi at vise, hvilke forskelle og ligheder i drenges uddannelsesorienteringer, der fremtræder på tværs af fire drenges fortællinger om at gå i gymnasiet, om fritid og om mulige fremtider. På den ene side synes drengenes forskelligartede...

Underholdning, emotioner og personlighed

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jantzen, Christian; Vetner, Mikael

2008-01-01

motivation i vid udstrækning er begrundet i personlighedsmæssige forhold, der får individer til at foretrække bestemte oplevelseskvaliteter frem for andre. Denne redegørelse munder ud i en psykografisk segmenteringsmodel, som artiklen for det tredje søger at beskrive forskelle i underholdningspræferencer ud...

Passivhuse i dansk kontekst

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ellehauge, Klaus; Thomsen, Kirsten Engelund; Jensen, Ole Michael

Rapporten redegør for forskelle og ligheder melllem et passivhus, jævnfør passivhuskonceptet fra Passivhaus Institut i Darmstadt, Tyskland og et dansk lavenergihus jævnfør det danske bygningsreglement, ligesom der redegøres for de beregningsprincipper, der ligger til grund. Rapporten redegør endv...

El futuro y el condicional en el sistema verbal español moderno

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Kjær

2002-01-01

Det søges påvist at fleksiverne i de spanske tempora futuro og condicional har en begrænset, men konstant betydning. Bl.a. påvises de semantiske forskelle mellem futuro simple, futuro perifrástico og presente brugt om fremtidige situationer. Den syntaktiske analyse søges integreret i en pragmatis...

Reformer og traditioner i gymnasiets fysikundervisning

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Beyer, Karin

2004-01-01

I denne artikel vil jeg søge at belyse, hvordan forskelle i fagopfattelse og pædagogikopfattelse prægede den fagdidaktiske debat og fysikundervisningens udvikling omkring 1900-tallers begyndelse og frem i tiden op til vor tid.- Hvis man skal fremhæve en enkelt faktor, der mere end alle andre er...

Forskel i naturværdi mellem områder med og uden Japansk Pileurt, Kæmpe Pileurt og Rynket Rose i Aarhus Kommune

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Steffen Larni; Madsen, Bjarke

2015-01-01

Invasive arter blandt andre Japansk Pileurt, Kæmpe Pileurt og Rynket Rose, har Aarhus Kommune et særligt fokus på. Vi undersøgte floristiske forskelle mellem lokaliteter med og uden de nævnte invasive plantearter. Vi fandt, at artsrigdom og naturværdi er lavere, samt en anderledes artssammensætning...

Profession, holdning og habitus

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ejrnæs, Morten; Monrad, Merete

2013-01-01

Uoverensstemmelser mellem pædagoger og småbørnsforældre i daginstitutioner kan være afgørende for forældresamarbejdet, forældrenes tilfredshed og pædagogernes arbejdsliv. Sådanne uoverensstemmelser eller deciderede konflikter kan opstå af forskellige årsager. Særligt kan forskelle i gruppernes vi...

A comprehensive assessment of human exposure to phthalates from environmental media and food in Tianjin, China.

Science.gov (United States)

Ji, Yaqin; Wang, Fumei; Zhang, Leibo; Shan, Chunyan; Bai, Zhipeng; Sun, Zengrong; Liu, Lingling; Shen, Boxiong

2014-08-30

A total of 448 samples including foodstuffs (rice, steamed bun, vegetables, meat, poultry, fish, milk and fruits), ambient PM10, drinking water, soil, indoor PM10 and indoor dust samples from Tianjin were obtained to determine the distribution of six priority phthalates (PAEs) and assess the human exposure to them. The results indicated that DBP and DEHP were the most frequently detected PAEs in these samples. The concentrations of PAEs in environmental media were higher than those in food. We estimated the daily intake (DI) of PAEs via ingestion, inhalation and dermal absorption from five sources (food, water, air, dust and soil). Dietary intake was the main exposure source to DEP, BBP, DEHP and DOP, whereas water ingestion/absorption was the major source of exposure to DBP, DEHP and DOP. Although food and water were the overwhelmingly predominant sources of PAEs intake by Tianjin population, contaminated air was another important source of DMP, DEP and DBP contributing to up to 45% of the exposure. The results of this study will help in understanding the major pathways of human exposure to PAEs. These findings also suggest that human exposure to phthalate esters via the environment should not be overlooked. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Production of a biodegradable plastic-degrading enzyme from cheese whey by the phyllosphere yeast Pseudozyma antarctica GB-4(1)W.

Science.gov (United States)

Watanabe, Takashi; Shinozaki, Yukiko; Suzuki, Ken; Koitabashi, Motoo; Yoshida, Shigenobu; Sameshima-Yamashita, Yuka; Kuze Kitamoto, Hiroko

2014-08-01

Cheese whey is a by-product of cheese production and has high concentrations of lactose (about 5%) and other nutrients. Pseudozyma antarctica produces a unique cutinase-like enzyme, named PaE, that efficiently degrades biodegradable plastics. A previous study showed that a combination of 1% oil and 0.5% lactose increased cutinase-like enzyme production by another species of yeast. In this study, to produce PaE from cheese whey, we investigated the effects of soybean oil on PaE production (expressed as biodegradable plastic-degrading activity) by P. antarctica growing on lactose or cheese whey. In flask cultures, the final PaE activity was only 0.03 U/ml when soybean oil was used as the sole carbon source, but increased to 1.79 U/ml when a limited amount of soybean oil (under 0.5%) was combined with a relatively high concentration of lactose (6%). Using a 5-L jar fermentor with lactose fed-batch cultivation and periodic soybean oil addition, about 14.6 U/ml of PaE was obtained after 5 days of cultivation. When the lactose was replaced with cheese whey, PaE production was 10.8 U/ml after 3 days of cultivation. Copyright © 2014 The Society for Biotechnology, Japan. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Pathological bolus exposure may define gastro-esophageal reflux better than pathological acid exposure in patients with globus.

Science.gov (United States)

Sinn, Dong Hyun; Kim, Beom Jin; Son, Hee Jung; Kim, Jae J; Rhee, Jong Chul; Rhee, Poong-Lyul

2012-01-01

Conventionally, pathological acid exposure (PAE), defined by acid reflux only, is used to identify gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, weak acid reflux or non-acid reflux also induces reflux symptoms. Defining abnormal reflux based on all reflux episodes may better identify GERD and would be more useful among patients with atypical GERD symptoms, such as globus. Impedance-pHmetry results of 31 globus patients, off acid suppressants, were analysed. A median of 24 episodes of reflux were observed. Of the reflux episodes, 54% were non-acid reflux and 50% reached the proximal extent. PAE was observed in 6 patients (19%). For 5 patients (16%) without PAE, there was evidence of increased bolus exposure compared to normal controls (an intraesophageal bolus exposure for more than 1.4% of the recording time, defined as pathological bolus exposure, PBE). When GERD was defined by PAE or esophagitis, the prevalence of GERD was 29%. When GERD was defined by PBE, PAE or esophagitis, the prevalence was 42%. PBE identified 13% of the patients who otherwise would have been missed. A significant proportion of patients without PAE had evidence of PBE. PBE may be a more useful definition for identifying patients with abnormal increase in reflux in patients with globus. Further studies are warranted.

Study on the interaction of phthalate esters to human serum albumin by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xie, Xiaoyun [National Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (China); College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (China); Wang, Zhaowei [College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (China); Zhou, Ximin; Wang, Xiaoru [National Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (China); Chen, Xingguo, E-mail: chenxg@lzu.edu.cn [National Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (China); Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000 (China)

2011-09-15

Highlights: {center_dot} Molecular docking revealed PAEs to be located in the hydrophobic pocket of HSA. {center_dot} HSA-DMP had one class of binding sites while HSA-BBP and HSA-DEHP had two types. {center_dot} Hydrophobic and hydrogen interactions dominated in the association of HSA-PAEs. {center_dot} The lifetime of Trp residue of HSA decreased after the addition of PAEs. {center_dot} The presences of PAEs could alter the second structure of HSA. - Abstract: Phthalate esters (PAEs) are globally pervasive contaminants that are considered to be endocrine disruptor chemicals and toxic environmental priority pollutants. In this paper, the interactions between PAEs and human serum albumin (HSA) were examined by molecular modelling, steady state and time-resolved fluorescence, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) and circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD). The association constants between PAEs and HSA were determined using the Stern-Volmer and Scatchard equations. The binding of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) to HSA has a single class of binding site and its binding constants (K) are 4.08 x 10{sup 3}, 3.97 x 10{sup 3}, 3.45 x 10{sup 3}, and 3.20 x 10{sup 3} L mol{sup -1} at 289, 296, 303, and 310 K, respectively. The Stern-Volmer and Scatchard plots both had two regression curves for HSA-butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP) and HSA-di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), which indicated that these bindings were via two types of binding sites: the numbers of binding site for the first type were lower than for the second type. The binding constants of the first type binding site were higher than those of the second type binding site at corresponding temperatures, the results suggesting that the first type of binding site had high affinity and the second binding site involved other sites with lower binding affinity and selectivity. The thermodynamic parameters of the binding reactions ({Delta}G{sup o}, {Delta}H{sup o} and {Delta}S{sup o}) were measured, and they indicated the presences

Phthalate esters contamination in soil and plants on agricultural land near an electronic waste recycling site.

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Ting Ting; Christie, Peter; Luo, Yong Ming; Teng, Ying

2013-08-01

The accumulation of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in soil and plants in agricultural land near an electronic waste recycling site in east China has become a great threat to the neighboring environmental quality and human health. Soil and plant samples collected from land under different utilization, including fallow plots, vegetable plots, plots with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) as green manure, fallow plots under long-term flooding and fallow plots under alternating wet and dry periods, together with plant samples from relative plots were analyzed for six PAE compounds nominated as prior pollutants by USEPA. In the determined samples, the concentrations of six target PAE pollutants ranged from 0.31-2.39 mg/kg in soil to 1.81-5.77 mg/kg in various plants (dry weight/DW), and their bioconcentration factors (BCFs) ranged from 5.8 to 17.9. Health risk assessments were conducted on target PAEs, known as typical environmental estrogen analogs, based on their accumulation in the edible parts of vegetables. Preliminary risk assessment to human health from soil and daily vegetable intake indicated that DEHP may present a high-exposure risk on all ages of the population in the area by soil ingestion or vegetable consumption. The potential damage that the target PAE compounds may pose to human health should be taken into account in further comprehensive risk assessments in e-waste recycling sites areas. Moreover, alfalfa removed substantial amounts of PAEs from the soil, and its use can be considered a good strategy for in situ remediation of PAEs.

Organisering af lægevagt: Kan vi lære af Holland?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Huibers, Linda; Olesen, Frede; Moth, Grete

2013-01-01

Artiklen beskriver det danske og hollandske sundhedsvæsen kort og fokuserer på lægevagten. Begge landene har lægevagter, men der er interessante forskelle i organisering. Største forskel er i telefon visitation, med sygeplejersker i Holland og læger i Danmark. I artiklen drøfter vi om hvad det...

Værdibasering som kommunal praksis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ostrowski, Kasper

2009-01-01

og tværkommunale forskelle foranlediget af kommunalreformen i Danmark. Begrebet ’værdibaseret ledelse’ gestaltes ofte med en både frustrerende lethed og på fascinerende vis som fænomen. Dette har ansporet min interesse for i denne afhandling at undersøge, hvorledes værdibaseret ledelse kan forstås...

Folkeskolens opgaver overfor børn med forskellig social, etnisk og kultur baggrund

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tireli, Üzeyir

2012-01-01

Med udgangspukt i en case om romapige fremhæves det, at skolen og lærerne stigmatiserer elever med en anden baggrund end etnisk dansk. Det betyder, at skolen i fremtiden står overfor en stor ligestillingsopgave, da prognoser tyder på øget indvandring. Der kan derfor let opstår øgede forskelle mel...

DLF Seeds – strategiske udfordringer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Henning Otte

2017-01-01

Bang” – Stor fusion og konsolidering: Hvorfor og hvordan lykkedes fusionen? * Succesfuldt hybridselskab med andelsselskab og institutionelle investorer. Hvorfor lykkedes samarbejdet? * Vækst, markedsleder og fokusering på én gang. Hvordan kan man vokse og fokusere på én gang? * Internationalisering via...... økonomiske nøgletal, markedsandele, den efterfølgende udvikling m.m. efter fusionen er der klare indikationer på, at det var en vellykket fusion. Der er en række forklaringer på, hvorfor fusionen tilsyneladende var succesfuld, og hvorfor selskabet har skabt gode resultater efterfølgende. DLF var i en periode...

Snehvides Billede som virkelighedsteater

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Krøgholt, Ida

2015-01-01

nyere affektforskning, der er rettet mod kunstens henvendelsesformer og virkninger (bl.a. Massumi og Deleuze), markeres der en interesseforskydning fra følelse til affekt. Det får den konsekvens, at forklaringer på hvordan kunst fungerer og virker ikke søges i tilskuerens følelsesregistreringer men...... affektive henvendelsesform, henter jeg inspiration i aktør-netværks teorien (Latour) og denne teoris materialitets- og tingsbegreb. Den kølige form for virkelighedsteater, som Snehvides Billede repræsenterer, vil ikke vække tilskuerens trang til at gribe ind i virkeligheden. Den vil snarere, via affekt...

In vitro assessment of phthalate acid esters-trypsin complex formation.

Science.gov (United States)

Chi, Zhenxing; Zhao, Jing; Li, Weiguo; Araghi, Arash; Tan, Songwen

2017-10-01

In this work, interactions of three phthalate acid esters (PAEs), including dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), with trypsin have been studied in vitro, under simulated physiological conditions using multi-spectroscopic techniques and molecular modeling. The results show that these PAEs can bind to the trypsin, forming trypsin-PAEs complexes, mainly via hydrophobic interactions, with the affinity order of DMP > DEP > DBP. Binding to the PAEs is found to result in molecular deformation of trypsin. The modeling results suggest that only DBP can bind with the amino acid residues of the catalytic triad and S1 binding pocket of trypsin, leading to potential competitive enzyme inhibition. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Pharmacodynamics of beta-lactam antibiotics. Studies on the paradoxical and postantibiotic effects in vitro and in an animal model.

Science.gov (United States)

Odenholt-Tornqvist, I

1989-01-01

The pharmacodynamics of antibiotics, i.e. the rate of killing and the time before regrowth of surviving bacteria, may be important factors for determination of the dosage interval. In the present study the effect of protein binding, antibiotic concentrations, bacterial growth phase and bacterial inoculum on the rate of bacterial killing was investigated. The postantibiotic effect (PAE) was also studied in vitro and in vivo. The killing rate of S. aureus did not differ when the bacteria were exposed to the same free concentrations of dicloxacillin in medium with and without albumin. Protein binding per se did thus not diminish the bactericidal activity. A paradoxically reduced bactericidal effect was noted when S. aureus was exposed to high concentrations of dicloxacillin, cloxacillin and benzylpenicillin. For determination of PAE of imipenem on Ps. aeruginosa, counts of viable bacteria were compared with assay of bacterial intracellular ATP. Both methods demonstrated a PAE for the strains tested at an inoculum of 10(6) cfu/ml. At an inoculum of 10(8) cfu/ml no PAE was found, which coincided with a lack of bactericidal effect. Both the PAE and the bactericidal effect were restored with aeration of the cultures, indicating insufficient penetration of imipenem to the target sites at low oxygen tension. An in vivo model in rabbits with implanted tissue cages was developed for evaluation of the PAE. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci showed a PAE of approximately 2 h in vivo, which correlated well with the PAE found in vitro. Despite that streptococci in postantibiotic phase (PA-phase) were non-multiplying, such bacteria were killed as efficiently as previously untreated controls when exposed to 10xMIC of penicillin both in vitro and in vivo. However, streptococci in PA-phase were much more sensitive to the repeated challenge to subinhibitory concentrations of penicillin than previously untreated controls. In vivo, no difference in sensitivity to sub-MIC penicillin

Reductions in Corpus Callosum Volume Partially Mediate Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on IQ

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stevie C. Biffen

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Disproportionate volume reductions in the basal ganglia, corpus callosum (CC and hippocampus have been reported in children with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE. However, few studies have investigated these reductions in high prevalence communities, such as the Western Cape Province of South Africa, and only one study made use of manual tracing, the gold standard of volumetric analysis. The present study examined the effects of PAE on subcortical neuroanatomy using manual tracing and the relation of volumetric reductions in these regions to IQ and performance on the California Verbal Learning Test-Children's Version (CVLT-C, a list learning task sensitive to PAE. High-resolution T1-weighted images were acquired, using a sequence optimized for morphometric neuroanatomical analysis, on a Siemens 3T Allegra MRI scanner from 71 right-handed, 9- to 11-year-old children [9 fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS, 19 partial FAS (PFAS, 24 non-syndromal heavily exposed (HE and 19 non-exposed controls]. Frequency of maternal drinking was ascertained prospectively during pregnancy using timeline follow-back interviews. PAE was examined in relation to volumes of the CC and left and right caudate nuclei, nucleus accumbens and hippocampi. All structures were manually traced using Multitracer. Higher levels of PAE were associated with reductions in CC volume after adjustment for TIV. Although the effect of PAE on CC was confounded with smoking and lead exposure, additional analyses showed that it was not accounted for by these exposures. Amongst dysmorphic children, smaller CC was associated with poorer IQ and CVLT-C scores and statistically mediated the effect of PAE on IQ. In addition, higher levels of PAE were associated with bilateral volume reductions in caudate nuclei and hippocampi, effects that remained significant after control for TIV, child sex and age, socioeconomic status, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and childhood lead exposure. These data confirm

Caudate Asymmetry: A Neurobiological Marker of Moderate Prenatal Alcohol Exposure in Young Adults

OpenAIRE

Willford, Jennifer; Day, Richard; Aizenstein, Howard; Day, Nancy

2010-01-01

This study identified structural changes in the caudate nucleus in offspring of mothers who drank moderate levels of alcohol during pregnancy. In addition, the effect of duration of alcohol use during pregnancy was assessed. Young adults were recruited from the Maternal Health Practices and Child Development Project. Three groups were evaluated: prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) during all three trimesters (3T), PAE during the first trimester only (1T), and controls with no PAE (0T). Magnetic r...

[Determination of total phthalates in perfume and their exposure assessment].

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Sihan; Wang, Zhengmeng; Deng, Hongxia; Duan, Jiahui; Wang, Jinyi; Liu, Shuhui

2017-12-08

A novel method for rapid screening of phthalates (PAEs) in perfumes was developed. The PAEs were hydrolyzed to phthalic acid (PA), and the PA in the acidified solution was extracted with tributyl phosphate (TBP) which was detected by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Meanwhile exposure dose to PAEs was estimated by the percentage of a topically applied dose that permeates the skin. The parameters such as the concentration and volume of KOH, the volume of ethanol, hydrolysis time and temperature were employed to evaluate the hydrolysis efficiency of PAEs. The optimized hydrolysis conditions were 10 mL of 4 mol/L KOH, and 1 mL of ethanol at 80℃ for 20 min. The linear range of phthalic acid was 3-240 μmol/L with a good correlation coefficient ( R 2 =0.9991). The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 4.6 μmol/kg and 5.9 μmol/kg, respectively. The recoveries varied from 83.4% to 92.7% with relative standard deviations equal to or lower than 6.8%( n =5). A total of 35 perfume samples were determined, and the contents of total PAEs were found in the range of perfumes. The method is simple and reliable, and has a wide range of applicability. It can be used as a new choice for the detection of PAEs in perfume.

Pneumatized articular eminence in a cohort of orthodontic patients with different sagittal skeletal anomalies. A retrospective cone beam computed tomography study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miloglu, O.; Celikoglu, M.; Yildirim, E.; Yilmaz, A.B.; Demirtas, O.

2010-01-01

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of pneumatized articular eminence (PAE) in dental patients using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with respect to age, sex, and type of skeletal anomaly. The results were then compared to prevalence studies regarding PAE in the literature. A retrospective study of 603 orthodontic patients aged between 6 and 24 years was performed using sagittal and coronal CBCT images at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology (Erzurum, Turkey). The age, gender, skeletal anomaly, and lateral were recorded for all patients, and the types were noted for cases of PAE. The chi-squared test was used for statistical analyses. Sixty-four PAEs were found in 39 orthodontic patients, representing a prevalence of 6.47%. No significant differences in sex (p=0.153), age (before and after puberty, p=0.389), and type of skeletal anomaly were observed (p=0.271). A higher frequency of PAE was detected among dental patients aged 6-24 years when compared to previous studies, most likely because of the use of CBCT images. No significant relation was observed between PAE and the type of skeletal anomalies. One, however, must be aware of these structures to avoid complications in cases for which surgical treatment is planned due to the occlusion and recognize its role in the onset or perpetuation of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. (author)

Aminoglycoside-derived amphiphilic nanoparticles for molecular delivery.

Science.gov (United States)

Miryala, Bhavani; Godeshala, Sudhakar; Grandhi, Taraka Sai Pavan; Christensen, Matthew D; Tian, Yanqing; Rege, Kaushal

2016-10-01

The development of effective drug carriers can lead to improved outcomes in a variety of disease conditions. Aminoglycosides have been used as antibacterial therapeutics, and are attractive as monomers for the development of polymeric materials in various applications. Here, we describe the development of novel aminoglycoside-derived amphiphilic nanoparticles for drug delivery, with an eye towards ablation of cancer cells. The aminoglycoside paromomycin was first cross-linked with resorcinol diglycidyl ether leading to the formation of a poly (amino ether), PAE. PAE molecules were further derivatized with methoxy-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) or mPEG resulting in the formation of mPEG-PAE polymer, which self-assembled to form nanoparticles. Formation of the mPEG-PAE amphiphile was characterized using (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and FTIR spectroscopy. Self-assembly of the polymer into nanoparticles was characterized using dynamic light scattering, zeta potential analyses, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and the pyrene fluorescence assay. mPEG-PAE nanoparticles were able to carry significant amounts of doxorubicin (DOX), presumably by means of hydrophobic interactions between the drug and the core. Cell-based studies indicated that mPEG-PAE nanoparticles, loaded with doxorubicin, were able to induce significant loss in viabilities of PC3 human prostate cancer, MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer, and MB49 murine bladder cancer cells; empty nanoparticles resulted in negligible losses of cell viability under the conditions investigated. Taken together, our results indicate that the mPEG-PAE nanoparticle platform is attractive for drug delivery in different applications, including cancer. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

AlGaN/GaN-HEMT power amplifiers with optimized power-added efficiency for X-band applications

OpenAIRE

Kühn, J.

2011-01-01

This work has arisen out of the strong demand for a superior power-added efficiency (PAE) of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) high-power amplifiers (HPAs) that are part of any advanced wireless multifunctional RF-system with limited prime energy. Different concepts and approaches on device and design level for PAE improvements are analyzed, e.g. structural and layout changes of the GaN transistor and advanced circuit design techniques for PAE improvements of GaN HEMT HPAs.

Sammenbrud i anbringelser af unge: Erfaringer, forklaringer og årsagerne bag

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Egelund, Tine; Jakobsen, Turf Böcker; Cecilie Norn Hammen, Ida

”Det er altså langt fra et liv, det her,” fortæller 20-årige Anja om en af sine anbringelser, der endte i et sammenbrud. Anja blev første gang anbragt som 9-årig og har siden været anbragt 11 forskellige steder. Anjas historie viser, hvordan anbringelser af unge langt fra altid er succesfulde. Næ...... for hjemmet. Den bygger på en spørgeskemaundersøgelse blandt 227 unge, der blev anbragt i alderen 13-17 år, og på interview med nogle af disse unge, deres forældre, sagsbehandlere, pædagoger, kontaktpersoner m.fl....

By Faith Alone?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lüchau, Peter

2007-01-01

Artiklen undersøger om der er teologisk betingede forskelle i katolikkers og protestanters kirkegang. Det viser sig ikke at være tilfældet. Når folk i protestantiske lande går mindre i kirke skyldes det at de har en svagere tro. Artiklen bruger statistik fra den europæiske værdiundersøgelse (1999...

Safety and Efficacy of Occlusion of Large Extra-Prostatic Anastomoses During Prostatic Artery Embolization for Symptomatic BPH

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Amouyal, Gregory, E-mail: gregamouyal@hotmail.com; Chague, Pierre, E-mail: pierre.chague@gmail.com; Pellerin, Olivier, E-mail: olivier.pellerin@aphp.fr [Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne - Paris – Cité, Faculté de Médecine (France); Pereira, Helena, E-mail: helena.pereira@aphp.fr [Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Clinical Research Unit (France); Giudice, Costantino Del, E-mail: costantino.delgiudice@aphp.fr [Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne - Paris – Cité, Faculté de Médecine (France); Dean, Carole, E-mail: carole.dean@aphp.fr [Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Interventional Radiology Department (France); Thiounn, Nicolas, E-mail: nicolas.thiounn@aphp.fr; Sapoval, Marc, E-mail: marc.sapoval2@aphp.fr [Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne - Paris – Cité, Faculté de Médecine (France)

2016-09-15

IntroductionDuring PAE, preembolization angiography of the prostatic artery can show large extra-prostatic shunts, at high risk, if embolized, of rectal or penile necrosis. We report our experience with 11 consecutive patients who underwent protective embolization of large extra-prostatic shunts before successful PAE.Materials and MethodsWe treated 11 consecutive male patients (mean age 67 years), part of a series of 55 consecutive male patients referred for PAE to treat LUTS due to BPH, between December 2013 and January 2015. The procedure involved the exclusion of an extra-prostatic shunt originating from the PA, prior to complete bilateral PAE. We compared the safety and efficacy of the 11 shunt exclusions followed by embolization of the PA to the other 44 basic PAE. Clinical success was defined as a decrease of 25 % or eight points of IPSS, QoL <3 or a one-point decrease, and a Qmax improvement of 25 % or 2.5 mL/s.ResultsWe had a 100 % rate of occlusion of the anastomosis. Bilateral embolization of the PA was performed in all patients with no additional time of procedure (p = 0.18), but a significant increase of dose area product (p = 0.03). Distal (PErFecTED) embolization was possible in 64 %. There was no worsening of erectile dysfunction, no rectal or penile necrosis, no immediate or late other clinical complications. Clinical success was 91 % (mean follow-up: 3.5 months), compared to 78 % for the entire PAE group.ConclusionPAE using the protection technique in case of large extra-prostatic shunts is as safe and effective as basic procedures and does not induce any additional time of procedure.

Safety and Efficacy of Occlusion of Large Extra-Prostatic Anastomoses During Prostatic Artery Embolization for Symptomatic BPH

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amouyal, Gregory; Chague, Pierre; Pellerin, Olivier; Pereira, Helena; Giudice, Costantino Del; Dean, Carole; Thiounn, Nicolas; Sapoval, Marc

2016-01-01

IntroductionDuring PAE, preembolization angiography of the prostatic artery can show large extra-prostatic shunts, at high risk, if embolized, of rectal or penile necrosis. We report our experience with 11 consecutive patients who underwent protective embolization of large extra-prostatic shunts before successful PAE.Materials and MethodsWe treated 11 consecutive male patients (mean age 67 years), part of a series of 55 consecutive male patients referred for PAE to treat LUTS due to BPH, between December 2013 and January 2015. The procedure involved the exclusion of an extra-prostatic shunt originating from the PA, prior to complete bilateral PAE. We compared the safety and efficacy of the 11 shunt exclusions followed by embolization of the PA to the other 44 basic PAE. Clinical success was defined as a decrease of 25 % or eight points of IPSS, QoL <3 or a one-point decrease, and a Qmax improvement of 25 % or 2.5 mL/s.ResultsWe had a 100 % rate of occlusion of the anastomosis. Bilateral embolization of the PA was performed in all patients with no additional time of procedure (p = 0.18), but a significant increase of dose area product (p = 0.03). Distal (PErFecTED) embolization was possible in 64 %. There was no worsening of erectile dysfunction, no rectal or penile necrosis, no immediate or late other clinical complications. Clinical success was 91 % (mean follow-up: 3.5 months), compared to 78 % for the entire PAE group.ConclusionPAE using the protection technique in case of large extra-prostatic shunts is as safe and effective as basic procedures and does not induce any additional time of procedure.

Predictors of the success and failure of emergency pelvic artery embolisation for primary postpartum haemorrhage: a 12-year review.

Science.gov (United States)

Lai, Billy Ming Hei; Shum, John Sing Fai; Chu, Chi Yeung; Lo, Sherwin Shing Wai; Lau, Kam Ying

2017-05-01

This study aimed to identify predictors of the outcome and clinical efficacy of emergency pelvic artery embolisation (PAE) for primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) and to assess the post-embolisation fertility of PAE patients in a regional hospital setting. A 12-year retrospective study of patients undergoing emergency PAE was conducted at a regional acute general hospital. Clinical and procedural parameters, clinical outcomes and post-embolisation pregnancy success rates were analysed. There were 47,221 deliveries at the hospital during the study period, of which 33 patients required urgent PAE for primary PPH. The technical success rate of embolisation was 97.0% (n = 32). Clinically adequate haemostasis was achieved by a single embolisation procedure in 24 (72.7%) patients; the remaining eight eventually required surgery to achieve cessation of bleeding. Among the parameters studied, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that pre-embolisation platelet count (p = 0.036) and maternal age (p = 0.019) were the only significant independent predictors of embolisation failure. Only two patients successfully conceived after PAE, although one of them had an ectopic pregnancy. Emergency PAE is an effective measure to arrest life-threatening bleeding in patients with primary PPH. As low pre-embolisation platelet count and advanced maternal age are associated with higher odds of embolisation failure, careful post-embolisation monitoring may be required for such patients. Embolisation also allows subsequent pregnancy. However, further studies are required to assess the outcomes of post-embolisation pregnancies. Copyright: © Singapore Medical Association

Characterization of Polyethylene-Graft-Sulfonated Polyarylsulfone Proton Exchange Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Applications.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Hyung Kyu; Zhang, Gang; Nam, Changwoo; Chung, T C Mike

2015-12-04

This paper examines polymer film morphology and several important properties of polyethylene-graft-sulfonated polyarylene ether sulfone (PE-g-s-PAES) proton exchange membranes (PEMs) for direct methanol fuel cell applications. Due to the extreme surface energy differences between a semi-crystalline and hydrophobic PE backbone and several amorphous and hydrophilic s-PAES side chains, the PE-g-s-PAES membrane self-assembles into a unique morphology, with many proton conductive s-PAES channels embedded in the stable and tough PE matrix and a thin hydrophobic PE layer spontaneously formed on the membrane surfaces. In the bulk, these membranes show good mechanical properties (tensile strength >30 MPa, Young's modulus >1400 MPa) and low water swelling (λ 3 mmol/g in the s-PAES domains. On the surface, the thin hydrophobic and semi-crystalline PE layer shows some unusual barrier (protective) properties. In addition to exhibiting higher through-plane conductivity (up to 160 mS/cm) than in-plane conductivity, the PE surface layer minimizes methanol cross-over from anode to cathode with reduced fuel loss, and stops the HO• and HO₂• radicals, originally formed at the anode, entering into PEM matrix. Evidently, the thin PE surface layer provides a highly desirable protecting layer for PEMs to reduce fuel loss and increase chemical stability. Overall, the newly developed PE-g-s-PAES membranes offer a desirable set of PEM properties, including conductivity, selectivity, mechanical strength, stability, and cost-effectiveness for direct methanol fuel cell applications.

Fast microextraction of phthalate acid esters from beverage, environmental water and perfume samples by magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

Science.gov (United States)

Luo, Yan-Bo; Yu, Qiong-Wei; Yuan, Bi-Feng; Feng, Yu-Qi

2012-02-15

In this work, magnetic carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared by mixing the magnetic particles and multi-walled carbon nanotubes dispersed solutions. Due to their excellent adsorption capability towards hydrophobic compounds, the magnetic CNTs were used as adsorbent of magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) to extract phthalate acid esters (PAEs), which are widely used in many consumable products with potential carcinogenic properties. By coupling MSPE with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), a rapid, sensitive and cost-effective method for the analysis of PAEs was established. Our results showed that the limits of detection (LODs) of 16 PAEs ranged from 4.9 to 38 ng L(-1), which are much lower compared to the previously reported methods. And good linearities of the detection method were obtained with correlation coefficients (R(2)) between 0.9821 and 0.9993. In addition, a satisfying reproducibility was achieved by evaluating the intra- and inter-day precisions with relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 11.7% and 14.6%, respectively. Finally, the established MSPE-GC/MS method was successfully applied to the determination of PAEs from bottled beverages, tap water and perfume samples. The recoveries of the 16 PAEs from the real samples ranged from 64.6% to 125.6% with the RSDs less than 16.5%. Taken together, the MSPE-GC/MS method developed in current study provides a new option for the detection of PAEs from real samples with complex matrices. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Adolescents' use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs in relation to prenatal alcohol exposure: modifications by gender and ethnicity.

Science.gov (United States)

Pfinder, Manuela; Liebig, Stefan; Feldmann, Reinhold

2014-01-01

The study aimed to investigate (a) the association between low to moderate prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs in adolescence and (b) whether the associations are modified by gender and ethnicity. The subjects of the study were 5922 children and adolescents, aged from 11 to 17 years, enrolled in the cross-sectional German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (the KiGGS study). Information on PAE is based on parental self-report questionnaires. Use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs was assessed through self-report questionnaires for adolescents. Low to moderate PAE was associated with an increased risk of drinking alcohol (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34, 2.18) and also of illicit drug use (adjusted OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.23, 2.14). The associations between PAE and the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs differed according to gender and ethnicity. Gender-stratified analyses resulted in adverse effects of PAE on drinking alcohol, smoking and illicit drug use in females; however, in German males, the associations disappeared. Stronger associations between PAE and the outcome measures were found in non-Germans. Our findings indicate that low to moderate levels of maternal alcohol intake during pregnancy are a risk factor for use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs by the offspring, with stronger associations in females and non-Germans.

High-resolution MR imaging of periarterial edema associated with biological inflammation in spontaneous carotid dissection

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Naggara, Olivier; Marsico, Rodolpho; Meder, Jean-Francois; Oppenheim, Catherine [Paris-Descartes University, Department of Neuroradiology, Paris (France); Touze, Emmanuel; Mas, Jean-Louis [Paris-Descartes University, Department of Neurology, Paris (France); Leclerc, Xavier; Pruvo, Jean-Pierre [University Hospital Roger Salengro, Department of Neuroradiology, Lille (France); Nguyen, Thanh [Boston University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Radiology, Boston, MA (United States)

2009-09-15

It has been suggested that spontaneous cervical carotid artery dissection (sCAD) may result from arterial inflammation. Periarterial edema (PAE), occasionally described in the vicinity of the mural hematoma in patients with sCAD, may support this hypothesis. Using cervical high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging, three readers, blinded to the mechanism of carotid artery dissection, searched for PAE, defined as periarterial T2-hyperintensity and T1-hypointensity, in 29 consecutive CAD patients categorized as spontaneous CAD (sCAD, n = 18) or traumatic CAD (tCAD, n = 11; i.e., major head or neck trauma within 2 weeks before the clinical onset). The relationships between PAE, inflammatory biological markers, history of infection and CAD mechanism were explored. Multiple CADs (n = 8) were found only in sCAD patients. Compared with tCAD, patients with sCAD were more likely to have a recent history of infection (OR = 12.5 [{sub 95%}CI = 1.3-119], p = 0.03), PAE (83% vs. 27%; OR = 13.3 [{sub 95%}CI = 2.2-82.0], p = 0.005) and to have elevated CRP (OR = 6.1 [{sub 95%}CI = 1.2-32.1], p = 0.0002) or ESR (OR = 8.8 [{sub 95%}CI = 1.5-50.1], p = 0.002) values. Interobserver agreement was 0.84 or higher for PAE identification. sCAD was associated with PAE and biological inflammation. Our results support the hypothesis of an underlying arterial inflammation in sCAD. (orig.)

High-resolution MR imaging of periarterial edema associated with biological inflammation in spontaneous carotid dissection

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naggara, Olivier; Marsico, Rodolpho; Meder, Jean-Francois; Oppenheim, Catherine; Touze, Emmanuel; Mas, Jean-Louis; Leclerc, Xavier; Pruvo, Jean-Pierre; Nguyen, Thanh

2009-01-01

It has been suggested that spontaneous cervical carotid artery dissection (sCAD) may result from arterial inflammation. Periarterial edema (PAE), occasionally described in the vicinity of the mural hematoma in patients with sCAD, may support this hypothesis. Using cervical high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging, three readers, blinded to the mechanism of carotid artery dissection, searched for PAE, defined as periarterial T2-hyperintensity and T1-hypointensity, in 29 consecutive CAD patients categorized as spontaneous CAD (sCAD, n = 18) or traumatic CAD (tCAD, n = 11; i.e., major head or neck trauma within 2 weeks before the clinical onset). The relationships between PAE, inflammatory biological markers, history of infection and CAD mechanism were explored. Multiple CADs (n = 8) were found only in sCAD patients. Compared with tCAD, patients with sCAD were more likely to have a recent history of infection (OR = 12.5 [ 95% CI = 1.3-119], p = 0.03), PAE (83% vs. 27%; OR = 13.3 [ 95% CI = 2.2-82.0], p = 0.005) and to have elevated CRP (OR = 6.1 [ 95% CI = 1.2-32.1], p = 0.0002) or ESR (OR = 8.8 [ 95% CI = 1.5-50.1], p = 0.002) values. Interobserver agreement was 0.84 or higher for PAE identification. sCAD was associated with PAE and biological inflammation. Our results support the hypothesis of an underlying arterial inflammation in sCAD. (orig.)

Mathematics in Action - Fællestræk trods forskelle

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

December 2004 - november 2007 samarbejdede Danmark, Ungarn, Litauen, Holland, Norge, Slovenien og Spanien i projekt Mathematics in Action (MiA). MiA projektet er et tværnationalt samarbejdsprojekt støttet af Grundtvig-programmet om voksenuddannelse, folkeoplysning og livslang læring under Sokrates......A lærer-værksteder - på engelsk: MiA teacher workshops, MTWs - baseret på MiA teori og MiA praksis. Endelig giver kapitel 6 nogle resultater på MiA's forskningsspørgsmål og diskuterer perspektiver for professionel udvikling for undervisere i voksenuddannelse....

Forskelle i mandlige og kvindelige medicinstuderendes tilgang til simulation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Konge, Lars; Ali, Amir; Sørensen, Morten

2011-01-01

Simulation-based training is gaining ground as a replacement for the "apprenticeship" model of training. For this reason, it is useful to know if men and women have the same prerequisites and assumptions prior to training. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether male and female medical...... students performed differently whilst training in a bronchoscope simulator....

Forskelle i mandlige og kvindelige medicinstuderendes tilgang til simulation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Konge, Lars; Ali, Amir; Sørensen, Morten

2011-01-01

Simulation-based training is gaining ground as a replacement for the "apprenticeship" model of training. For this reason, it is useful to know if men and women have the same prerequisites and assumptions prior to training. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether male and female medical...

Toxicity of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on the anaerobic digestion of wastewater sludge

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Alatriste-Mondragon, Felipe; Iranpour, R.; Ahring, Birgitte Kiær

2003-01-01

Previous studies on the microbial degradation of individual phthalic acid esters (PAEs) have demonstrated that the compounds with short ester hydrocarbon chains are easily biodegraded and mineralized, but PAEs with long ester chains are less susceptible to degradation and some of them...... Bureau of Sanitation's Hyperion Treatment Plant. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), the most common persistent PAE found in wastewater, and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), a common PAE with short ester chains, were sorbed into the sludge fed to a bench-scale digester for a period of 12 weeks. DEHP...... degradation was always poor, and accumulation of DEHP was correlated with inhibition of the microbial degradation of DBP and with process instability of the test digester. Inhibition of the DBP removal was completely reversed after DEHP addition was discontinued, but biogas production never recovered...

Public service motivation og udfordringer for offentligt ansatte

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jacobsen, Christian Bøtcher

2012-01-01

Forskelle i omgivelserne betyder at udfordringerne varierer for organisationer, der leverer samme type offentlig service. Sociale udfordringer kan betyde, at medarbejderne må fokusere på de svageste og nedtone fokus på den brede gruppe af borgere. Derfor kan varierende grader af sociale udfordrin......Forskelle i omgivelserne betyder at udfordringerne varierer for organisationer, der leverer samme type offentlig service. Sociale udfordringer kan betyde, at medarbejderne må fokusere på de svageste og nedtone fokus på den brede gruppe af borgere. Derfor kan varierende grader af sociale...... udfordringer appellere til medarbejdere med forskellige typer motivation. Gennem et studie af offentligt ansatte børnetandlæger undersøger artiklen, hvordan to forskellige typer PSM hænger sammen med graden af sociale udfordringer. Artiklen bygger på spørgeskemadata om 245 børnetandlægers motivation samt et...... objektivt mål for kommunernes sociale udfordringer. Resultaterne viser en positiv sammenhæng mellem compassion og sociale udfordringer, mens sammenhængen er negativ for public interest. Resultatet peger på, at en organisations omgivelser har betydning for medarbejdernes motivation, og dette er af væsentlig...

Fermentation and nutritive value of silage and hay made from the aerial part of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz Padrão de fermentação e valor nutritivo das silagens e do feno da parte aérea de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Zambello de Pinho

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz, although native to Brazil, is still underutilized, especially when it comes to using its aerial part. In order to study the potential of the cassava plant for use as animal feed, the present work evaluated the characteristics of the aerial part of cassava when submitted to the processes of ensiling and haymaking. Treatments consisted of: aerial part of the plant ensiled without wilting (PAS; aerial part ensiled after wilting (PAE, and aerial part made into hay (PAF. Chemical analyses were run in order to evaluate the traits that determine the nutritional value of silage and hay. Wilting increased dry matter concentration from 25% to 27.7%, without changing the concentration of soluble carbohydrates (33.3 and 35.5% in the PAS and PAE, respectively, as well as buffer capacity (204 mmol kg-1 DM in PAS and 195 mmol kg-1 DM in PAE. Neither pH (3.57 in fresh silage and 3.60 in PAE nor the ADIN concentration (11.32% of total nitrogen in PAS and 9.99% of total nitrogen in PAE differed between the silages, but ADIN concentration was higher in hay (15.39%. Wilting caused an increase in the concentration of ammonia (from 6.5% of total nitrogen in PAS to 13.0 of total nitrogen in PAE. The levels of volatile fatty acids did not change with wilting. The ensiling process reduced the concentrations of free hydrocyanide (HCN, without, however, affecting cyanohydrin.A mandioca, apesar de ser nativa do Brasil, ainda é sub-utilizada principalmente quando a questão é o aproveitamento da sua parte aérea. Com o objetivo de estudar o potencial da mandioca para alimentação animal, o presente trabalho avaliou as características da parte aérea da planta quando submetida os processos de ensilagem e fenação. Os tratamentos consistiram de: parte aérea ensilada sem emurchecimento (PAS; parte aérea ensilada após 24 horas de emurchecimento (PAE e parte aérea fenada (PAF. As análises químicas foram realizadas a fim de avaliar os

High energy resolution and first time-dependent positron annihilation induced Auger electron spectroscopty

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mayer, Jakob

2010-04-03

It was the aim of this thesis to improve the existing positron annihilation induced Auger spectrometer at the highly intense positron source NEPOMUC (NEutron induced POsitron source MUniCh) in several ways: Firstly, the measurement time for a single spectrum should be reduced from typically 12 h to roughly 1 h or even less. Secondly, the energy resolution, which amounted to {delta}E/E{approx}10%, should be increased by at least one order of magnitude in order to make high resolution positron annihilation induced Auger spectroscopy (PAES)-measurements of Auger transitions possible and thus deliver more information about the nature of the Auger process. In order to achieve these objectives, the PAES spectrometer was equipped with a new electron energy analyzer. For its ideal operation all other components of the Auger analysis chamber had to be adapted. Particularly the sample manipulation and the positron beam guidance had to be renewed. Simulations with SIMION {sup registered} ensured the optimal positron lens parameters. After the adjustment of the new analyzer and its components, first measurements illustrated the improved performance of the PAES setup: Firstly, the measurement time for short overview measurements was reduced from 3 h to 420 s. The measurement time for more detailed Auger spectra was shortened from 12 h to 80 min. Secondly, even with the reduced measurement time, the signal to noise ratio was also enhanced by one order of magnitude. Finally, the energy resolution was improved to {delta}E/E < 1. The exceptional surface sensitivity and elemental selectivity of PAES was demonstrated in measurements of Pd and Fe, both coated with Cu layers of varying thickness. PAES showed that with 0.96 monolayer of Cu on Fe, more than 55% of the detected Auger electrons stem from Cu. In the case of the Cu coated Pd sample 0.96 monolayer of Cu resulted in a Cu Auger fraction of more than 30% with PAES and less than 5% with electron induced Auger spectroscopy

Europe, Russia and the Ukraine Crisis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rothuizen, Jeppe Damgaard; Pedersen, Jonas Gejl; Götz, Karl Elias Immanuel

2015-01-01

Da Institut for Statskundskab på Aarhus Universitet afholdt konferencen ”Europe, Russia and the Ukraine Crisis”, blev der præsenteret en række forskellige forklaringer på, hvorfor forholdet mellem Rusland og Vesten har udviklet sig, som det er tilfældet samt, hvordan Vesten fremadrettet på...... intelligent vis kan håndtere den store nabo mod øst. Således ønsker artiklen, udfra tre overordnede analyserammer, at belyse: (1) Hvad er de centrale årsager bag Ruslands adfærd i Ukraine? (2) Hvor farlig er Rusland? Skal Rusland betragtes som en revisionistisk eller en status quo-søgende aktør? (3) Hvordan...

Graviditetskalenderen 2.0

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Temmesen, Camilla Gry

2017-01-01

og er skrevet af Camilla Gry Temmesen, uddannet dansk jordemoder og kandidat i jordemodervidenskab. De første 10 uger er gratis. De følgende uger kan tilgås efter køb in-app. Om Graviditetskalenderen: - Følg din graviditet uge for uge i billeder og tekst. Indtaster du din terminsdato, vil app’en åbne......’ens leksikon kan du få gode informationer, vejledning og forklaringer af de mange begreber, som er knyttet til graviditet. - Teksten bygger på danske vejledende anbefalinger inden for graviditet, fødsel og barsel og er skrevet af en uddannet jordemoder. - Camilla Gry Temmesen er cand. scient. san. i...

Aripiprazole treatment of irritability associated with autistic disorder and the relationship between prior antipsychotic exposure, adverse events, and weight change.

Science.gov (United States)

Mankoski, Raymond; Stockton, Gwen; Manos, George; Marler, Sabrina; McQuade, Robert; Forbes, Robert A; Marcus, Ronald

2013-10-01

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of prior antipsychotic exposure (PAE) on safety and tolerability outcomes in pediatric subjects receiving aripiprazole treatment. This study was a post-hoc analysis of pooled data from two 8-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled studies evaluating aripiprazole for the treatment of irritability in pediatric subjects with autistic disorder, aged 6-17 years. Subjects were stratified by PAE; adverse events (AEs), and changes in weight, and metabolic measures were evaluated. For subjects receiving aripiprazole, regardless of PAE, baseline weight, age, gender, and symptom severity were evaluated in a regression model predicting body weight change. Of 316 randomized subjects, 259 (82.0%) were antipsychotic naïve (AN) and 57 (18.0%) had a PAE. Aripiprazole-treated AN subjects were more likely than PAE subjects to report somnolence (11.9% vs. 2.8%), sedation (22.7% vs. 11.1%), or fatigue (17.0% vs. 13.9%). Rates of extrapyramidal disorder and drooling, but not akathisia or tremor, were marginally higher in AN subjects. Overall, 10.8% of aripiprazole-treated AN subjects had at least one AE leading to discontinuation compared with 8.3% of aripiprazole-treated PAE subjects. AN subjects receiving aripiprazole had a larger change in weight from baseline to endpoint compared with those receiving placebo (1.9 vs. 0.7 kg; treatment difference 1.2 kg, 95% CI: 0.5, 1.9) than PAE subjects receiving aripiprazole compared with subjects receiving placebo (0.4 vs. -0.4 kg; treatment difference 0.9 kg, 95% CI: -0.6, 2.4). Regression analysis identified that younger subjects with higher baseline weight z-score were at highest risk for weight gain. There were no significant changes in metabolic measures compared with placebo in either group. Weight gain was more pronounced in AN subjects and more likely to occur in younger subjects with a higher baseline weight z-score. AN subjects were more likely to experience AEs related

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Increases Histamine H3 Receptor-Mediated Inhibition of Glutamatergic Neurotransmission in Rat Dentate Gyrus.

Science.gov (United States)

Varaschin, Rafael K; Allen, Nyika A; Rosenberg, Martina J; Valenzuela, C Fernando; Savage, Daniel D

2018-02-01

We have reported that prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE)-induced deficits in dentate gyrus, long-term potentiation (LTP), and memory are ameliorated by the histamine H 3 receptor inverse agonist ABT-239. Curiously, ABT-239 did not enhance LTP or memory in control offspring. Here, we initiated an investigation of how PAE alters histaminergic neurotransmission in the dentate gyrus and other brain regions employing combined radiohistochemical and electrophysiological approaches in vitro to examine histamine H 3 receptor number and function. Long-Evans rat dams voluntarily consumed either a 0% or 5% ethanol solution 4 hours each day throughout gestation. This pattern of drinking, which produces a mean peak maternal serum ethanol concentration of 60.8 ± 5.8 mg/dl, did not affect maternal weight gain, litter size, or offspring birthweight. Radiohistochemical studies in adult offspring revealed that specific [ 3 H]-A349821 binding to histamine H 3 receptors was not different in PAE rats compared to controls. However, H 3 receptor-mediated G i /G o protein-effector coupling, as measured by methimepip-stimulated [ 35 S]-GTPγS binding, was significantly increased in cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and dentate gyrus of PAE rats compared to control. A LIGAND analysis of detailed methimepip concentration-response curves in dentate gyrus indicated that PAE significantly elevates receptor-effector coupling by a lower affinity H 3 receptor population without significantly altering the affinities of H 3 receptor subpopulations. In agreement with the [ 35 S]-GTPγS studies, a similar range of methimepip concentrations also inhibited electrically evoked field excitatory postsynaptic potential responses and increased paired-pulse ratio, a measure of decreased glutamate release, to a significantly greater extent in dentate gyrus slices from PAE rats than in controls. These results suggest that a PAE-induced elevation in H 3 receptor-mediated inhibition of glutamate release from

Fine motor skills in a population of children in remote Australia with high levels of prenatal alcohol exposure and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder.

Science.gov (United States)

Doney, Robyn; Lucas, Barbara R; Watkins, Rochelle E; Tsang, Tracey W; Sauer, Kay; Howat, Peter; Latimer, Jane; Fitzpatrick, James P; Oscar, June; Carter, Maureen; Elliott, Elizabeth J

2017-11-21

Many children in the remote Fitzroy Valley region of Western Australia have prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). Individuals with PAE can have neurodevelopmental impairments and be diagnosed with one of several types of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). Fine motor skills can be impaired by PAE, but no studies have developed a comprehensive profile of fine motor skills in a population-based cohort of children with FASD. We aimed to develop a comprehensive profile of fine motor skills in a cohort of Western Australian children; determine whether these differed in children with PAE or FASD; and establish the prevalence of impairment. Children (n = 108, 7 to 9 years) were participants in a population-prevalence study of FASD in Western Australia. Fine motor skills were assessed using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, which provided a Fine Motor Composite score, and evaluated Fine Manual Control (Fine Motor Precision; Fine Motor Integration) and Manual Coordination (Manual Dexterity; Upper-Limb Coordination). Descriptive statistics were reported for the overall cohort; and comparisons made between children with and without PAE and/or FASD. The prevalence of severe (≤ 2nd percentile) and moderate (≤16th percentile) impairments was determined. Overall, Fine Motor Composite scores were 'average' (M = 48.6 ± 7.4), as were Manual Coordination (M = 55.7 ± 7.9) and Fine Manual Control scores (M = 42.5 ± 6.2). Children with FASD had significantly lower Fine Motor Composite (M = 45.2 ± 7.7 p = 0.046) and Manual Coordination scores (M = 51.8 ± 7.3, p = 0.027) than children without PAE (Fine Motor Composite M = 49.8 ± 7.2; Manual Coordination M = 57.0 ± 7.7). Few children had severe impairment, but rates of moderate impairment were very high. Different types of fine motor skills should be evaluated in children with PAE or FASD. The high prevalence of fine motor impairment in our

Velfærdsturisme

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kvist, Jon

2014-01-01

»Velfærdsturisme« dækker over frygten, for at EU-borgere spekulerer i forskelle i lan- denes velfærdssystemer. Frygten går på, at personer tager fra lande med dårlige syste- mer til lande, hvor de kan modtage mest muligt og skal bidrage mindst muligt. Nemt tilgængelige, generøse ydelser tiltrække...

Hvornår er man ung?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gundelach, Peter; Nørregård-Nielsen, Esther C.

2002-01-01

Hvornår er man ung, og hvornår er man voksen? Er der forskelle i befolkningens værdier i forhold til arbejde og politik, når det undersøges ud fra henholdsvis et alders- eller generationsperspektiv? Baseret på data fra den danske del af den internationale værdiundersøgelse vises at der er så store...

Træfsikre mødesteder. Sociale og kulturelle møder i og omkring online multiplayer computerspil

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Stald, Gitte Bang

2005-01-01

Online multiplayer computerspil1 er i l¢bet af ganske kart tid blevet udbredt i et omfang, der syntes utopisk for fa ar siden - for internettets udbredelse, etableringen af netcafeer og udviklingen af spil med potentiale til online multi­player-spil i bade gameplay, grafik og interface. Det prcec...... forskelle i prog­noser indikerer tallene big business og star brugerinteresse (IGDA 2003: 15-28)....

The role of prostatic arterial embolization in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schreuder, S. M.; Scholtens, A. E.; Reekers, J. A.; Bipat, S.

2014-01-01

This study was designed to summarize the evidence on clinical outcomes and complications of prostatic arterial embolization (PAE) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We searched Medline and Embase for PAE trials of patients with BPH upto November 2013. Two reviewers independently

Evaluation of pH-sensitive poly(β-amino ester)-graft-poly(ethylene glycol) and its usefulness as a pH-sensor and protein carrier.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Min Sang; Gao, Guang Hui; Kang, Seong Woo; Lee, Doo Sung

2011-07-07

In this study, some possible biomedical applications of a pH-sensitive and amphiphilic copolymer as a pH sensor and protein delivery system are reported. PAE-g-PEG was used as a pH-sensitive polymer that can exhibit a sharp pH-dependent transition. Various fluorescent dyes including pyrene and RITC can be used to label the pH-sensitive polymer PAE-g-PEG, which was evaluated for protein encapsulation. pH-sensing was possible by observing excimer formation of the labeled pyrene via pH-dependent expansion of the polymeric chain. Also, it was confirmed that FITC-BSA could be entrapped in RITC-labeled pH-sensitive micelles of PAE-g-PEG by FRET. As a result, PAE-g-PEG can be a pH sensor and carrier for protein delivery. Copyright © 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Characterization of Polyethylene-Graft-Sulfonated Polyarylsulfone Proton Exchange Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Applications

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hyung Kyu Kim

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This paper examines polymer film morphology and several important properties of polyethylene-graft-sulfonated polyarylene ether sulfone (PE-g-s-PAES proton exchange membranes (PEMs for direct methanol fuel cell applications. Due to the extreme surface energy differences between a semi-crystalline and hydrophobic PE backbone and several amorphous and hydrophilic s-PAES side chains, the PE-g-s-PAES membrane self-assembles into a unique morphology, with many proton conductive s-PAES channels embedded in the stable and tough PE matrix and a thin hydrophobic PE layer spontaneously formed on the membrane surfaces. In the bulk, these membranes show good mechanical properties (tensile strength >30 MPa, Young’s modulus >1400 MPa and low water swelling (λ < 15 even with high IEC >3 mmol/g in the s-PAES domains. On the surface, the thin hydrophobic and semi-crystalline PE layer shows some unusual barrier (protective properties. In addition to exhibiting higher through-plane conductivity (up to 160 mS/cm than in-plane conductivity, the PE surface layer minimizes methanol cross-over from anode to cathode with reduced fuel loss, and stops the HO• and HO2• radicals, originally formed at the anode, entering into PEM matrix. Evidently, the thin PE surface layer provides a highly desirable protecting layer for PEMs to reduce fuel loss and increase chemical stability. Overall, the newly developed PE-g-s-PAES membranes offer a desirable set of PEM properties, including conductivity, selectivity, mechanical strength, stability, and cost-effectiveness for direct methanol fuel cell applications.

The tissue distribution and excretion study of paeoniflorin-6'-O-benzene sulfonate (CP-25) in rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Mingyi; Zhou, Peng; Yu, Jun; James, Asenso; Xiao, Feng; Wang, Chun; Wei, Wei

2018-03-09

Paeoniflorin-6'-O-benzene sulfonate (code: CP-25) is a novel ester derivative of paeoniflorin (Pae). Compared to Pae, CP-25 has higher lipid solubility, bioavailability and better bioactivity. However, the tissue distribution and excretion of CP-25 still remain unknown. The LC-MS method was applied to investigate the tissue distribution and excretion of CP-25 in rats. As such, 50 mg/kg of CP-25 and Pae were administered to rats in multiple doses via an oral route. CP-25 and Pae were distributed widely and rapidly in all the tested tissues. Compared with Pae, the concentrations of CP-25 were almost increased evidently in most tissues. The highest CP-25 level was found in the liver (1476.33 ± 535.20 ng/g, male; 1970.38 ± 177.21 ng/g, female) at 3 h, and a high concentration of CP-25 was detected in male and female intestine, synovium, muscle, lung, and brain. Following a single oral dose of 50 mg/kg of CP-25 in rats, the total excretion of CP-25 was merely 21.8% (18.40, 3.19 and 0.22% for feces, bile and urine, respectively) in males; and was approximately 21.3% (14.04, 7.16 and 0.14% for feces, bile and urine, respectively) in females. The results indicated that the CP-25 concentration was higher in major tissues than Pae; CP-25 was primarily excreted through the feces; and there were gender-related differences in the tissue distribution and excretion.

Phthalate esters contamination in soils and vegetables of plastic film greenhouses of suburb Nanjing, China and the potential human health risk.

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Ting Ting; Wu, Long Hua; Chen, Like; Zhang, Hai Bo; Teng, Ying; Luo, Yong Ming

2015-08-01

The contamination of phthalate esters (PAEs) has become a potential threat to the environment and human health because they could be easily released as plasticizers from the daily supply products, especially in polyethylene films. Concentration levels of total six PAEs, nominated as priority pollutants by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), were investigated in soils and vegetables from four greenhouse areas in suburbs of Nanjing, East China. Total PAEs concentration ranged from 930 ± 840 to 2,450 ± 710 μg kg(-1) (dry weight (DW)) in soil and from 790 ± 630 to 3,010 ± 2,130 μg kg(-1) in vegetables. Higher concentrations of PAEs were found in soils except in Suo Shi (SS) area and in vegetables, especially in potherb mustard and purple tsai-tai samples. Risk assessment mainly based on the exposures of soil ingestion and daily vegetable intake indicated that bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in the samples from Gu Li (GL) and Hu Shu (HS) exhibited the highest hazard to children less than 6-year old. Therefore, the human health risk of the PAEs contamination in soils and vegetables should greatly be of a concern, especially for their environmental estrogen analog effects.

Stemcell Information: SKIP000355 [SKIP Stemcell Database[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available rius Aquarius ... 20-29 Female ... -- No PL-iPS-11|PAE551-derived iPS cells PAE551由来iPS細胞 human ES-li...amics in human induced pluripotent stem cells over time. Nishino K, Toyoda M, Yamazaki-Inoue M, Fukawatase Y

Fixed versus variable practice for teaching medical students the management of pediatric asthma exacerbations using simulation.

Science.gov (United States)

Drummond, David; Truchot, Jennifer; Fabbro, Eleonora; Ceccaldi, Pierre-François; Plaisance, Patrick; Tesnière, Antoine; Hadchouel, Alice

2018-02-01

Simulation-based trainings represent an interesting approach to teach medical students the management of pediatric asthma exacerbations (PAEs). In this study, we compared two pedagogical approaches, training students once on three different scenarios of PAEs versus training students three times on the same scenario of PAE. Eighty-five third-year medical students, novice learners for the management of PAEs, were randomized and trained. Students were assessed twice, 1 week and 4 months after the training, on a scenario of PAE new to both groups and on scenarios used during the training. The main outcome was the performance score on the new scenario of PAE at 1 week, assessed on a checklist custom-designed for the study. All students progressed rapidly and acquired excellent skills. One week after the training, there was no difference between the two groups on all the scenarios tested, including the new scenario of PAE (median performance score (IQR) of 8.3 (7.4-10.0) in the variation group versus 8.0 (6.0-10.0) in the repetition group (p = 0.16)). Four months later, the performance of the two groups remained similar. Varying practice with different scenarios was equivalent to repetitive practice on the same scenario for novice learners, with both methods leading to transfer and long-term retention of the skills acquired during the training. What is known: • Simulation-based trainings represent an interesting approach to teach medical students the management of pediatric asthma exacerbations. • It is unclear whether students would benefit more from repetitive practice on the same scenario of asthma exacerbation or from practice on different scenarios in terms of transfer of skills. What is new: • An individual 30-min training on the management of pediatric asthma exacerbations using simulation allows transfer and long-term retention of the skills acquired. • Varying practice with different scenarios is equivalent to repetitive practice on the same

Analysis of phthalate esters in soils near an electronics manufacturing facility and from a non-industrialized area by gas purge microsyringe extraction and gas chromatography

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wu, Wei [MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei (China); Hu, Jia [Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou, Jiangsu (China); Wang, Jinqi; Chen, Xuerong; Yao, Na [MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei (China); Tao, Jing, E-mail: jingtao1982@126.com [MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei (China); Zhou, Yi-Kai, E-mail: zhouyk@mails.tjmu.edu.cn [MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei (China)

2015-03-01

Here, a novel technique is described for the extraction and quantitative determination of six phthalate esters (PAEs) from soils by gas purge microsyringe extraction and gas chromatography. Recovery of PAEs ranged from 81.4% to 120.3%, and the relative standard deviation (n = 6) ranged from 5.3% to 10.5%. Soil samples were collected from roadsides, farmlands, residential areas, and non-cultivated areas in a non-industrialized region, and from the same land-use types within 1 km of an electronics manufacturing facility (n = 142). Total PAEs varied from 2.21 to 157.62 mg kg{sup −1} in non-industrialized areas and from 8.63 to 171.64 mg kg{sup −1} in the electronics manufacturing area. PAE concentrations in the non-industrialized area were highest in farmland, followed (in decreasing order) by roadsides, residential areas, and non-cultivated soil. In the electronics manufacturing area, PAE concentrations were highest in roadside soils, followed by residential areas, farmland, and non-cultivated soils. Concentrations of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) differed significantly (P < 0.01) between the industrial and non-industrialized areas. Principal component analysis indicated that the strongest explanatory factor was related to DMP and DnBP in non-industrialized soils and to butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and DMP in soils near the electronics manufacturing facility. Congener-specific analysis confirmed that diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) was a predictive indication both in the non-industrialized area (r{sup 2} = 0.944, P < 0.01) and the industrialized area (r{sup 2} = 0.860, P < 0.01). The higher PAE contents in soils near the electronics manufacturing facility are of concern, considering the large quantities of electronic wastes generated with ongoing industrialization. - Highlights: • A new method for determining phthalate esters in soil samples was developed. • Investigate six phthalates near an industry and a

Aktuelt om virus

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kryger, Per; Nielsen, Steen Lykke; Hansen, Lars Monrad

2008-01-01

DJF har i de sidste tre år arbejdet med at klarlægge forekomst af 6 bivira i Danmark. Vores resultater viser forskelle fra år til år og med årstiderne. Resultaterne har endvidere vist, at de 6 vira har begrænset holdbarhed i døde bier. I de kommende tre år vil vores fokus være på at forebygge vir...

Children’s ideas about the human body

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Óskarsdóttir, Gunnhildur; Stougaard, Birgitte; Fleischer, Ane

2011-01-01

Hvad tænker 6 år gamle børn om kroppen? Er der forskel på de forestillinger, som 6 år gamle børn i de nordiske lande har om kroppen – og hvordan kan evt. forskelle forklares? Hvorfor er børnetegninger vigtige i forhold til undervisning? Vi har ønsket at undersøge hvilke idéer, de mindste børn i g...

Secondary Agricultural Education Teachers as Agents of Change in Oklahoma and the Adoption of Precision Agriculture

Science.gov (United States)

Nickeson, Beth

2013-01-01

Research indicates that precision agricultural education (PAE) in Oklahoma affects environmental quality, water conservation, and crop yields. The purpose of this mixed methods study was to explore the nature and perceived effectiveness of PAE in Oklahoma secondary agricultural education classes. The study was framed by the diffusion of…

Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced resistance to doxorubicin is reversed by paeonol treatment in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lulu Fan

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress is generally activated in solid tumors and results in tumor cell anti-apoptosis and drug resistance. Paeonol (Pae, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone, is a natural product extracted from the root of Paeonia Suffruticosa Andrew. Although Pae displays anti-neoplastic activity and increases the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs in various cell lines and in animal models, studies related to the effect of Pae on ER stress-induced resistance to chemotherapeutic agents in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC are poorly understood. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In this study, we investigated the effect of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER stress response during resistance of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells to doxorubicin. Treatment with the ER stress-inducer tunicamycin (TM before the addition of doxorubicin reduced the rate of apoptosis induced by doxorubicin. Interestingly, co-pretreatment with tunicamycin and Pae significantly increased apoptosis induced by doxorubicin. Furthermore, induction of ER stress resulted in increasing expression of COX-2 concomitant with inactivation of Akt and up-regulation of the pro-apoptotic transcription factor CHOP (GADD153 in HepG2 cells. These cellular changes in gene expression and Akt activation may be an important resistance mechanism against doxorubicin in hepatocellular carcinoma cells undergoing ER stress. However, co-pretreatment with tunicamycin and Pae decreased the expression of COX-2 and levels of activation of Akt as well as increasing the levels of CHOP in HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our results demonstrate that Pae reverses ER stress-induced resistance to doxorubicin in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting COX-2 mediated inactivation of PI3K/AKT/CHOP.

Clinical, Laboratorial, and Urodynamic Findings of Prostatic Artery Embolization for the Treatment of Urinary Retention Related to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. A Prospective Single-Center Pilot Study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Antunes, Alberto A.; Carnevale, Francisco C.; Motta Leal Filho, Joaquim M. da; Yoshinaga, Eduardo M.; Cerri, Luciana M. O.; Baroni, Ronaldo H.; Marcelino, Antonio S. Z.; Cerri, Giovanni G.; Srougi, Miguel

2013-01-01

PurposeThis study was designed to describe the clinical, laboratorial, and urodynamic findings of prostatic artery embolization (PAE) in patients with urinary retention due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).MethodsA prospective study of 11 patients with urinary retention due to BPH was conducted. Patients underwent physical examination, prostate specific antigen (PSA) measurement, transrectal ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging. International prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), and urodynamic testing were used to assess the outcome before and after 1 year.ResultsClinical success was 91 % (10/11 patients) with a mean follow-up of 22.3 months (range, 12–41 months). At the first year follow-up, the mean IPSS score was 2.8 points (p = 0.04), mean QoL was 0.4 points (p = 0.001), mean PSA decreased from 10.1 to 4.3 ng/mL (p = 0.003), maximum urinary flow (Qmax) improved from 4.2 to 10.8 mL/sec (p = 0.009), and detrusor pressure (Pdet) decreased from 85.7 to 51.5 cm H 2 O (p = 0.007). Before PAE, Bladder Outlet Obstruction Index (BOOI) showed values >40 in 100 % of patients. After PAE, 30 % of patients were >40 (obstructed), 40 % were between 20 and 40 (undetermined), and 30 % were <20 (unobstructed). Patients with a BOOI <20 had higher PSA values at 1-day after PAE.ConclusionsClinical and urodynamic parameters improved significantly after PAE in patients with acute urinary retention due to BPH. Total PSA at day 1 after PAE was higher in patients with unobstructed values in pressure flow studies

Clinical, Laboratorial, and Urodynamic Findings of Prostatic Artery Embolization for the Treatment of Urinary Retention Related to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. A Prospective Single-Center Pilot Study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Antunes, Alberto A. [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Division of Urology (Brazil); Carnevale, Francisco C., E-mail: fcarnevale@uol.com.br; Motta Leal Filho, Joaquim M. da [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Interventional Radiology Unit (Brazil); Yoshinaga, Eduardo M. [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Division of Urology (Brazil); Cerri, Luciana M. O. [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Ultrasound Unit (Brazil); Baroni, Ronaldo H. [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Magnetic Resonance Unit (Brazil); Marcelino, Antonio S. Z. [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Ultrasound Unit (Brazil); Cerri, Giovanni G. [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Radiology Department (Brazil); Srougi, Miguel [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Division of Urology (Brazil)

2013-08-01

PurposeThis study was designed to describe the clinical, laboratorial, and urodynamic findings of prostatic artery embolization (PAE) in patients with urinary retention due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).MethodsA prospective study of 11 patients with urinary retention due to BPH was conducted. Patients underwent physical examination, prostate specific antigen (PSA) measurement, transrectal ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging. International prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), and urodynamic testing were used to assess the outcome before and after 1 year.ResultsClinical success was 91 % (10/11 patients) with a mean follow-up of 22.3 months (range, 12-41 months). At the first year follow-up, the mean IPSS score was 2.8 points (p = 0.04), mean QoL was 0.4 points (p = 0.001), mean PSA decreased from 10.1 to 4.3 ng/mL (p = 0.003), maximum urinary flow (Qmax) improved from 4.2 to 10.8 mL/sec (p = 0.009), and detrusor pressure (Pdet) decreased from 85.7 to 51.5 cm H{sub 2}O (p = 0.007). Before PAE, Bladder Outlet Obstruction Index (BOOI) showed values >40 in 100 % of patients. After PAE, 30 % of patients were >40 (obstructed), 40 % were between 20 and 40 (undetermined), and 30 % were <20 (unobstructed). Patients with a BOOI <20 had higher PSA values at 1-day after PAE.ConclusionsClinical and urodynamic parameters improved significantly after PAE in patients with acute urinary retention due to BPH. Total PSA at day 1 after PAE was higher in patients with unobstructed values in pressure flow studies.

Clinical evaluation of embolization of the superior vesical prostatic artery for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a single-center retrospective study.

Science.gov (United States)

Qiu, Zhilei; Zhang, Changcun; Wang, Xinsheng; Cheng, Kai; Liang, Xin; Wang, Dawen; Hou, Sichuan; Wang, Xinsheng

2017-12-01

Non-surgical minimally invasive treatments are greatly needed for patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), for whom medical treatment has failed and surgery is contraindicated. This study retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of super-selective prostatic artery embolization (PAE) for BPH, relative to transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). To clinically evaluate the efficacy and safety of super-selective PAE for BPH, relative to TURP. From February 2012 to March 2015, patients with BPH underwent selective PAE (n = 17) or TURP (control group; n = 40). Prostate volume, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS), and quality of life (QoL) score were evaluated at baseline and postoperative 3, 6, and 12 months. Complications were also recorded. All the procedures were technically successfully. At postoperative 1 year, patients given PAE had significantly greater prostate volume (64.6 ±10.2 ml), IPSS (23.9 ±4.9), and QoL (4.1 ±0.7) compared with the control patients (42.0 ±7.5 ml, 13.1 ±3.5, and 2.1 ±0.7, respectively). The Qmax of the PAE group (9.5 ±3.7 ml/s) was significantly lower than that of the control (21.8 ±4.2 ml/s). The changes in parameters of the TURP patients relative to the preoperative baseline were significantly greater than those of the PAE group. No severe complications occurred. Prostatic artery embolization was demonstrated as safe and effective and may be considered an alternative treatment for BPH patients, especially for those who are not candidates for or refuse surgery.

Moderate Maternal Alcohol Exposure on Gestational Day 12 Impacts Anxiety-Like Behavior in Offspring

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Siara K. Rouzer

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Among the numerous consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE is an increase in anxiety-like behavior that can prove debilitating to daily functioning. A significant body of literature has linked gestational day 12 (G12 heavy ethanol exposure with social anxiety, evident in adolescent males and females. However, the association between non-social anxiety-like behavior and moderate alcohol exposure, a more common pattern of drinking in pregnant women, is yet unidentified. To model moderate PAE (mPAE, we exposed pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats to either room air or vaporized ethanol for 6 h on G12. Adolescent offspring were then tested on postnatal days (P 41–47 in one of the following four anxiety assays: novelty-induced hypophagia (NIH, elevated plus maze (EPM, light-dark box (LDB and open-field (OF. Our findings revealed significant increases in measures of anxiety-like behavior in male PAE offspring in the NIH, LDB and OF, with no differences observed in females on any test. Additionally, male offspring who demonstrated heightened anxiety-like behavior as adolescents demonstrated decreased anxiety-like behavior in adulthood, as measured by a marble-burying test (MBT, while females continued to be unaffected in adulthood. These results suggest that mPAE leads to dynamic changes in anxiety-like behavior exclusively in male offspring.

Applying a Developmental Framework to the Self-Regulatory Difficulties of Young Children with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: A Review.

Science.gov (United States)

Reid, Natasha; Petrenko, Christie L M

2018-06-01

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can be associated with significant difficulties in self-regulatory abilities. As such, interventions have been developed that focus on improving varying aspects of self-regulation for this population. The application of a multilevel theoretical framework that describes the development of self-regulation during early childhood could further advance the field. First, this framework could assist in elucidating mechanisms in the trajectories of early adjustment problems in this population and, second, informing the development of more precise assessment and interventions for those affected by PAE. The aims of the current review were to provide an overview of the self-regulatory framework proposed by Calkins and colleagues (e.g., Calkins, 2007; Calkins and Fox, 2002); examine the self-regulatory difficulties that are commonly experienced during infancy (i.e., 0 to 2 years) and early childhood (i.e., 3 to 8 years) in children with PAE in the context of the developmental framework; and describe how the framework can inform the development of future assessment and intervention provision for young children with PAE. The application of a developmental framework, such as proposed by Calkins and colleagues, allows for a systematic and theoretically driven approach to assessment and intervention programs for young children with PAE. Copyright © 2018 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.

Motivation og handlingskapacitet

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Lotte Bøgh; Kristensen, Nicolai; Pedersen, Lene Holm

2012-01-01

Der har i flere år være en interesse for at undersøge motivationen hos producenterne af offentlige ydelser, mens der i mindre grad findes empiriske analyser af brugernes handlingskapacitet. Artiklen råder bod på dette ved at analysere forskelle i motivation og handlingskapacitet på fire serviceom......Der har i flere år være en interesse for at undersøge motivationen hos producenterne af offentlige ydelser, mens der i mindre grad findes empiriske analyser af brugernes handlingskapacitet. Artiklen råder bod på dette ved at analysere forskelle i motivation og handlingskapacitet på fire...... serviceområder (skoler, dagpasning, hospitaler og videregående uddannelser). Der anvendes henholdsvis et veletableret mål for public service motivation (n=377 producenter) og et nyudviklet mål for handlingskapacitet (n=1056 brugere). Resultaterne viser, at der er relativt højest handlingskapacitet og public...... service motivation på daginstitutionsområdet efterfulgt af skoleområdet, mens de videregående uddannelser placerer sig relativt lavest på begge variable. Hospitalsbrugerne har næsten lige så lav handlingskapacitet som brugerne af de videregående uddannelser, mens de hospitalsansattes public service...

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome in a young girl

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Haidar, Salwa; Thomas, Karen; Miller, Stephen

2005-01-01

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is well-described in adults, but is an uncommon cause of lower-limb pain in children. We present an 11.5-year-old girl with thrombosed aneurysm of the right popliteal artery, subsequently diagnosed with bilateral type I PAES. Multimodality illustration of the radiological findings is presented. (orig.)

Metal-organic framework MIL-101(Cr) as a sorbent of porous membrane-protected micro-solid-phase extraction for the analysis of six phthalate esters from drinking water: a combination of experimental and computational study.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Ting; Wang, Jian; Zhang, Conglu; Yang, Zhao; Dai, Xinpeng; Cheng, Maosheng; Hou, Xiaohong

2015-08-07

An attractive metal-organic framework (MOF) MIL-101(Cr) material was synthesized at the nanoscale and applied as a sorbent in the porous membrane-protected micro-solid-phase extraction (μ-SPE) device for the pre-concentration of phthalate esters (PAEs) in drinking water samples for the first time. Parameters influencing the extraction efficiency, such as the selection of sorbent materials, pH adjustment, the effect of salt, magnetic-stirring extraction time, the desorption solvent and the desorption time, were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the limits of detection from gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis for PAEs varied from 0.004 to 0.02 μg L(-1). The linear ranges were from 0.1 to 50 μg L(-1) or from 0.2 to 50 μg L(-1) for the analytes with the relative standard deviations fluctuating from 0.8 to 10.9% (n = 5). The enrichment factors (EFs) for the target PAEs were varied from 143 to 187. MIL-101(Cr) exhibited remarkable advantages compared to activated carbon and MIL-100(Fe). On the other hand, the computational method was first used to predict the adsorption of MIL-101(Cr) towards PAEs. The molecular interactions and the free binding energies between MIL-101(Cr) and PAEs were observed and calculated in terms of the molecular modeling method. MIL-101(Cr) showed high potential in the analysis of PAEs at trace levels in drinking water. The computational result was consistent with the detected enrichment factors. The computational modeling accurately predicted the extraction efficiency of MOF-based material towards the target analytes. Therefore, the combination of experimental and computational study provided a new strategy on the trace contaminant analysis.

Comb-shaped single ion conductors based on polyacrylate ethers and lithium alkyl sulfonate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sun Xiaoguang; Hou Jun; Kerr, John B.

2005-01-01

Comb-shaped single ion conductors have been synthesized by (1) sulfonation of small molecule chloroethyleneglycols, which, after ion exchange to the Li + salt were then converted to the acrylate by reaction with acryloyl chloride and copolymerized with polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether acrylate (Mn = 454, n = 8) (PAE 8 -co-E 3 SO 3 Li); (2) sulfonation of chloride end groups grafted on to prepolymers of polyacrylate ethers (PAE 8 -g-E n SO 3 Li, n = 2, 3). The highest conductivity at 25 deg. C of 2.0 x 10 -7 S cm -1 was obtained for the PAE 8 -co-E 3 SO 3 Li with a salt concentration of EO/Li = 40. The conductivity of PAE 8 -g-E 3 SO 3 Li is lower than that of PAE 8 -co-E 3 SO 3 Li at similar salt concentrations, which is related to the incomplete sulfonation of the grafted polymer that leads to a lower concentration of Li + . The addition of 50 wt.% of plasticizer, PC/EMC (1/1, v/v), to PAE 8 -g-E 2 SO 3 Li increases the ambient conductivity by three orders of magnitude, which is due to the increased ion mobility in a micro-liquid environment and an increase concentration of free ions as a result of the higher dielectric constant of the solvent. A symmetrical Li/Li cell with an electrolyte membrane consisting of 75 wt.% PC/EMC (1/1, v/v) was cycled at a current density of 100 μA cm -2 at 85 deg. C. The cycling profile showed no concentration polarization after a break-in period during the first few cycles, which was apparently due to reaction of the solvent at the lithium metal surface that reacted with lithium metal to form a stable SEI layer

Diagnosis and surgical approach of popliteal artery entrapment syndrome: a retrospective study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stavros Gourgiotis

2008-02-01

Full Text Available Stavros Gourgiotis1, John Aggelakas1, Nikolaos Salemis1, Charalabos Elias2, Charalabos Georgiou11Second Surgical Department, 401 General Army Hospital of Athens, Greece; 2Second Surgical Department, 417 NIMTS Veterans General Hospital of Athens, GreeceBackground: Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES is a rare but potentially limb threatening peripheral vascular disease occurring predominantly in young adults. This study is a retrospective review of 49 limbs in 38 patients with PAES treated surgically over an 8-year period.Patients and methods: From 1995 to 2002, 38 patients with a mean age of 21 years (range, 18–29 years underwent surgery for PAES at a single institution. The patients’ demographic data and clinical features are recorded. The preoperative diagnosis of PAES was made based on various combinations of investigations including positional stress test, duplex ultrasonography, computed tomography, computed tomographic angiography, and angiography. Results: Nine, 33, and 7 patients had Delaney’s type I, II, and III PAES respectively. The surgical procedures consisted of simple release of the popliteal artery in 33 limbs (67.3%, autogenous saphenous vein (ASV patch angioplasty with or without thromboendarterectomy (TEA in 5 limbs (10.2% and ASV graft interposition or bypass in 11 limbs (22.5%. At a median follow up of 34 months (range, 8–42 months, there were no postoperative complications and all the patients were cured of their symptoms.Conclusions: PAES is an unusual but important cause of peripheral vascular insufficiency especially in young patients. Early diagnosis through a combined approach is necessary for exact diagnosis. Popliteal artery release alone or with vein bypass is the treatment of choice when intervention is indicated for good operative outcome and to prevent limb loss.Keywords: popliteal artery, entrapment syndrome, diagnosis, surgery, treatment

Preparation and characterization of novel zwitterionic poly(arylene ether sulfone) ultrafiltration membrane with good thermostability and excellent antifouling properties

Science.gov (United States)

Rong, Guolong; Zhou, Di; Han, Xiaocui; Pang, Jinhui

2018-01-01

Zwitterionic poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PAES-NS) was synthesized via copolymerization by using a bisphenol monomer with a pyridine group. The chemical structures of the copolymers were confirmed by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy; the copolymers showed good thermal stability. A series of polyphenysulfone (PPSU)/PAES-NS blend ultrafiltration (UF) membranes was prepared via conventional immersion precipitation phase inversion methods The morphologies of the modified membranes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface hydrophilicity of the UF membranes was studied by water contact angle measurement, indicating that the zwitterionic group increased the membrane hydrophilicity. UF of solvated model pollutants using the membranes showed a significant reduction of the irreversible adsorption of the foulants, illustrating the excellent anti-fouling properties of the membrane. The water flux of the PAES-NS membrane was significantly enhanced, being almost three times higher than that of the pristine PPSU membrane, with retention of a high rejection level. After three UF cycles, the water flux recovery of the PAES-NS membrane was as high as 96%.

Nanosuspension of Phyllanthus amarus extract for improving oral bioavailability and prevention of paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in Sprague–Dawley rats

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mishra, Shanti Bhushan; Pandey, Himanshu; Pandey, Avinash C

2013-01-01

Phyllanthus amarus (P. amarus) is commonly used for traditional Indian medicine and as dietary adjuncts for the treatment of numerous physiological disorders including hepatic disorders. Due to the poor water solubility of its major constituents such as lignans and flavonoids, its absorption upon oral administration could be limited. The present study was designed to evaluate and compare the hepatoprotective effects of the ethanolic extract of P. amarus (PAE) and its nanoparticles (PAN) on paracetamol induced acute liver toxicity in Sprague–Dawley rats. An oral dose of PAE at 125 and 250 mg kg −1 and PAN at 25 and 50 mg kg −1 showed a significant hepatoprotective effect relatively to the same extent (P −1 PAN was effectively better than 125 mg kg −1 PAE (P < 0.001), and an oral dose of PAN that is five times less than PAE could exhibit similar levels of outcomes. In conclusion, we suggest that the nanoparticles system can be applied to overcome other poorly water soluble herbal medicines and furthermore to decrease the treatment dosage. (paper)

Novel time-of-flight spectrometer for the analysis of positron annihilation induced Auger electrons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hugenschmidt, Christoph; Legl, Stefan

2006-01-01

Positron annihilation induced Auger-electron spectroscopy (PAES) has several advantages over conventional Auger-electron spectroscopy such as extremely high surface sensitivity and outstanding signal-to-noise ratio at the Auger-transition energy. In order to benefit from these prominent features a low-energy positron beam of high intensity is required for surface sensitive PAES studies. In addition, an electron energy analyzer is required, which efficiently detects the Auger electrons with acceptable energy resolution. For this reason a novel time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometer has been developed at the intense positron source NEPOMUC that allows PAES studies within short measurement time. This TOF-PAES setup combines a trochoidal filter and a flight tube in a Faraday cage in order to achieve an improved energy resolution of about 1 eV at high electron energies up to E≅1000 eV. The electron flight time is the time between the annihilation radiation at the sample and when the electron hits a microchannel plate detector at the end of the flight tube

Forskelle mellem hospitaler i prognose efter hjertestop uden for hospital

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kjaergaard, Jesper; Bro-Jeppesen, John; Rasmussen, Lars Simon

2009-01-01

/pVT) as their initial rhythm, and they had more frequently received bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Survival at 4.6 years was 41% in patients admitted to the tertiary hospital and 10% in patients admitted to other hospitals, p

An attempt to revisit the global biogeography of limno-terrestrial Tardigrada

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Philip J.A. PUGH

2007-09-01

Full Text Available The major increase in distribution records of limno-terrestrial tardigrades over the last ten years has enabled us to reassess the global biogeography of the Tardigrada using cluster analysis, principal components analysis and parsimony analysis of endemism (PAE. Although the new clustergram topology shows a close correlation with those we originally presented in 1998, the PAE outputs warrant a radical reinterpretation of the results as they imply that the Laurasian fauna is derived and the Gondwanan groups basal. The distribution of endemic tardigrade genera and families provides some support for this argument though the findings should be viewed with some caution as PAE has its detractors and has not been previously applied on a 'global' scale.

Physical design of the positron induced auger electron spectrometer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Qin Xiubo; Jiang Xiaopan; Wang Ping; Yu Runsheng; Wang Baoyi; Wei Long

2009-01-01

Positron Annihilation Induced Auger Electron Spectroscopy (PAES) has several advantages over those excited by X-rays, high energy electrons or neutrons, such as excellent surface selectivity, high signal-to-noise ratio, low radiation damage,etc. A physical design of time of flight PAES (TOF-PAES) apparatus based on the Beijing Intense Slow Positron Beam (BIPB) is described in this paper. The positrons and electrons are transported in a 4 x 10 -3 T uniform magnetic field, and the gradient of magnetic field is designed to pluralize the Auger electrons emitted with 2π angle. The Auger electron energy is adjusted by a Faraday cage to optimize the energy resolution,which can be better than 2 eV. (authors)

Simple Model of a Photoacoustic System as a CR Circuit

Science.gov (United States)

Fukuhara, Akiko; Kaneko, Fumitoshi; Ogawa, Naohisa

2012-01-01

We introduce the photoacoustic educational system (PAES), by which we can identify which gas causes the greenhouse effect in a classroom (Kaneko "et al" 2010 "J. Chem. Educ." 87 202-4). PAES is an experimental system in which a pulse of infrared (IR) is absorbed into gas as internal energy, an oscillation of pressure (sound) appears, and then we…

Hypersynchrony in MEG spectral amplitude in prospectively-identified 6-month-old infants prenatally exposed to alcohol

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julia M. Stephen

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Early identification of children who experience developmental delays due to prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE remains a challenge for individuals who do not exhibit facial dysmorphia. It is well-established that children with PAE may still exhibit the cognitive and behavioral difficulties, and individuals without facial dysmorphia make up the majority of individuals affected by PAE. This study employed a prospective cohort design to capture alcohol consumption patterns during pregnancy and then followed the infants to 6 months of age. Infants were assessed using magnetoencephalography to capture neurophysiological indicators of brain development and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III to measure behavioral development. To account for socioeconomic and family environmental factors, we employed a two-by-two design with pregnant women who were or were not using opioid maintenance therapy (OMT and did or did not consume alcohol during pregnancy. Based on prior studies, we hypothesized that infants with PAE would exhibit broad increased spectral amplitude relative to non-PAE infants. We also hypothesized that the developmental shift from low to high frequency spectral amplitude would be delayed in infants with PAE relative to controls. Our results demonstrated broadband increased spectral amplitude, interpreted as hypersynchrony, in PAE infants with no significant interaction with OMT. Unlike prior EEG studies in neonates, our results indicate that this hypersynchrony was highly lateralized to left hemisphere and primarily focused in temporal/lateral frontal regions. Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between estimated number of drinks consumed during pregnancy and spectral amplitude revealing a dose-response effect of increased hypersynchrony corresponding to greater alcohol consumption. Contrary to our second hypothesis, we did not see a significant group difference in the contribution of low frequency to high frequency

Does food insecurity compromise maternal dietary Zinc or energy intake in favor of her child, in rural poor Mexican households? ¿En hogares rurales pobres de México, la inseguridad alimentaria compromete el consumo de zinc y energía de las madres en favor de sus hijos?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karla Moreno-Tamayo

2011-08-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To analyze quantitative indicators of food insecurity (FI, and estimate if FI modifies the association between maternal and child Zinc and energy intake as evidence for maternal dietary compromise in favor of her child. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study (n=2 563, data derived from baseline impact evaluation of the Mexican Programa de Apoyo Alimentario. Quantitative indicators of FI were:Household food storage, maize and/or bean production, food expenditure, and spatial access to food markets. We evaluated percentage adequacy of energy (PAE and Zinc (PAZn intake. Multiple linear regression model was fitted to estimate the association between maternal and child PAE and PAZn. RESULTS: Child PAE and PAZn were positively associated with those of their mothers. None of the FI indicators modified the association between maternal and child PAE and PAZn. CONCLUSIONS: No evidence of maternal dietary compromise in favor of her child was observed using four quantitative indicators of FI in central-southern rural Mexican househods.OBJETIVO: Analizar indicadores cuantitativos de inseguridad alimentaria (IA y estimar si IA modifica la asociación del consumo de energía y zinc en madres e hijos como evidencia del compromiso de la dieta materna a favor de su hijo. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal,información basal de la evaluación de impacto del Programa de Apoyo Alimentario. Indicadores de IA: reserva de alimentos en hogar, autoproducción maíz y/o frijol, porcentaje del gasto en alimentos y acceso físico a mercados de alimentos.Se calculó el porcentaje de adecuación del consumo energético (PAE y Zinc (PAZn (n=2 563 pares. Se estimó un modelo de regresión lineal ajustado por covariables. RESULTADOS: El PAE y PAZn de madres e hijos se asoció positivamente. Ningún indicador de IA modificó la asociación entre PAE y PAZn materno con respecto a sus hijos. CONCLUSIONES: Los indicadores de IA estudiados no modifican la relaci

Voksenuddannelse og regional udvikling

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rasmussen, Palle

2008-01-01

Med udgangspunkt i regionale og lokale forskelle uddannelsesforskelle behandler artiklen uddannelsers rolle i regional udvikling. Der lægges særlig vægt på forskellige former for voksenuddannelse. Hvad betyder udviklingen mod vidensamfundet for udviklingen i erhverv, beskæftigelse og sociale...... forhold? Hvilken rolle spiller uddannelse i centerområder og udkantsområder? Hvordan kan uddannelse og læring bidrage til regional udvikling? Hvilke roller kan voksenuddannelse have i denne sammenhæng?...

Paradisfremstillinger: En komparativanalyse af Paradies: Liebe og Paradise Hotel

OpenAIRE

Bitsch, Josefine Højberg; Brusvang, Anne Emilie Frandsen; Larsen, Rebecca Hyldahl; Albrechtsen, Camilla Hagen

2013-01-01

Projektet tager udgangspunkt i den østrigske film Paradies: Liebe og konceptet Paradise Hotel. Igennem en komparativ analyse af form, indhold og modtager, undersøges forskelle og ligheder mellem de to paradisfremstillinger. Dernæst diskuteres, hvordan filmen og konceptet placerer sig i kulturen og i relationen mellem fin- og massekultur, og efterfølgende hvorvidt skellet mellem fin- og massekultur stadig eksisterer. I projektet inddrages blandt andet teori fra Kirsten Drotner, Jean Fisher, Pi...

Positron annihilation induced Auger electron spectroscopy and its implementation at accelerator based low energy positron factories

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Weiss, A.; Koeymen, A.R.; Mehl, D.; Lee, K.H.; Yang Gimo; Jensen, K.

1991-01-01

Positron annihilation induced auger electron spectroscopy (PAES) makes use of a beam of low energy positrons to excite Auger transitions by annihilating core electrons. The large secondary electron background usually present in Auger spectra can be eliminated by setting the positron beam energy well below the Auger electron energy. This allows true Auger lineshapes to be obtained. Further, because the positron is localized just outside the surface before it annihilates, PAES is extremely sensitive to the topmost atomic layer. Recent PAES results obtained at the University of Texas at Arlington will be presented. In addition, the use of high resolution energy analyzers with multichannel particle detection schemes to prevent problems due to the high data rates associated with accelerator based positron beams will be discussed. (orig.)

Mathematics intervention for children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A replication and extension of the math interactive learning experience (MILE) program.

Science.gov (United States)

Kully-Martens, Katrina; Pei, Jacqueline; Kable, Julie; Coles, Claire D; Andrew, Gail; Rasmussen, Carmen

2018-07-01

Individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) experience deficits in behavior, cognition, and academic functioning resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). Although receiving intervention for developmental disabilities is a strong protective factor against negative outcomes in FASD, intervention research in this population is in its infancy. The purpose of this study was to replicate and extend a mathematics intervention, the Math Interactive Learning Experience (MILE) program, which was developed in the USA specifically for children with FASD. Twenty-eight Canadian children aged 4-10 years with confirmed PAE or an FASD diagnosis were assigned to either the MILE intervention or a contrast intervention. Following a relatively brief, individualized, one-on-one intervention, children in the MILE group demonstrated significantly greater changes in math achievement compared to the contrast group. Significant changes in other cognitive functions were not observed. Older age, lower IQ, and confirmed PAE but no FASD diagnosis were associated with greater math achievement change in the MILE group. The replication and extension of the math intervention appears to have significant, positive impact on mathematics achievement scores of children with PAE and FASD. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Maternal Iron Nutriture as a Critical Modulator of FASD Risk in Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancies

Science.gov (United States)

Helfrich, Kaylee K.; Saini, Nipun; Kling, Pamela J.; Smith, Susan M.

2018-01-01

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy places the fetus at risk for permanent physical, cognitive, and behavioral impairments, collectively termed fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). However, prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) outcomes vary widely, and growing evidence suggests that maternal nutrition is a modifying factor. Certain nutrients, such as iron, may modulate FASD outcomes. Untreated gestational iron deficiency (ID) causes persistent neurodevelopmental deficits in the offspring that affect many of the same domains damaged by PAE. Although chronic alcohol consumption enhances iron uptake and elevates liver iron stores in adult alcoholics, alcohol-abusing premenopausal women often have low iron reserves due to menstruation, childbirth, and poor diet. Recent investigations show that low iron reserves in during pregnancy are strongly associated with a worsening of several hallmark features in FASD including reduced growth and impaired associative learning. This review discusses recent clinical and animal model findings that maternal ID worsens fetal outcomes in response to PAE. It also discusses underlying mechanisms by which PAE disrupts maternal and fetal iron homeostasis. We suggest that alcohol-exposed, ID pregnancies contribute to the severe end of the FASD spectrum. PMID:29017023

Concentration and source identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phthalic acid esters in the surface water of the Yangtze River Delta, China

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Lifei Zhang; Liang Dong; Lijun Ren; Shuangxin Shi; Li Zhou; Ting Zhang; Yeru Huang

2012-01-01

The pollution from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in the surface water of the rapidly urbanized Yangtze River Delta region was investigated.Fourteen surface water samples were collected in June 2010.Water samples were liquid-liquid extracted using methylene chloride and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Concentrations of PAHs and PAEs ranged 12.9-638.1 ng/L and 61-28550 ng/L,respectively.Fluoranthene,naphthalene,pyrene,phenanthrene,di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate,and di-n-butyl phthalate were the most abundant compounds in the samples.The water samples were moderately Polluted with benzo[a]pyrene according to China's environmental quality standard for surface water.The two highest concentrations of PAHs and PAEs occurred in samples from Taihu Lake,Wuxi City and the western section of Yangchenghu Lake.Potential sources of Pollution at S7 were petroleum combustion and the plastics industry,and at Yangchenghu Lake were petroleum combustion and domestic waste.Pollution in samples from the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal originated from diesel engines.There were no obvious sources of pollution for the other water samples.These results can be used as reference levels for future monitoring programs of pollution from PAHs and PAEs.

Experiences and attitudes about physical activity and exercise in patients with chronic pain: a qualitative interview study.

Science.gov (United States)

Karlsson, Linn; Gerdle, Björn; Takala, Esa-Pekka; Andersson, Gerhard; Larsson, Britt

2018-01-01

The purpose of this study was to describe how patients with chronic pain experience physical activity and exercise (PA&E). This qualitative interview study included 16 women and two men suffering from chronic pain and referred to a multimodal pain rehabilitation program. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the interviews. One main theme emerged: "To overcome obstacles and to seize opportunities to be physically active despite chronic pain." This main theme was abstracted from five themes: "Valuing a life with physical activity," "Physical activity and exercise - before and after pain," "A struggle - difficulties and challenges," "The enabling of physical activity," and "In need of continuous and active support." Although these participants valued PA&E, they seldom achieved desirable levels, and performance of PA&E was undermined by difficulties and failure. The discrepancy between the intention to perform physical activity and the physical activity accomplished could be related to motivation, self-efficacy, and action control. The participants desired high-quality interaction with healthcare providers. The findings can be applied to chronic pain rehabilitation that uses PA&E as treatment.

Bevægelser i og på tværs af ekstreme grupper og bande- og rockermiljøet

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christensen, Tina Wilchen; Mørck, Line Lerche

/ekstreme grupper og netværk. Denne rapport giver således et billede af de komplekse bevægelsesmønstre i og på tværs af kriminelle netværk, bander, rockere og ekstreme grupper. Den giver en nuanceret forståelse af de veje ind, processer og perspektiver, der er nødvendige at begribe, når man skal udvikle og arbejde...... udsagn og handling. Når ”Cross-over” bygger videre på disse etablerede antagelser risikerer vi, at antagelserne med tiden etableres som forklaringer. Den etablerede ”Cross-over” kategori kan derved utilsigtet medvirke til, at vi overser de komplekse dynamikker, der er på spil i og på tværs af kriminelle...

MR imaging and MR angiography in popliteal artery entrapment syndrome

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Atilla, S.; Akpek, S.; Yuecel, C.; Tali, E.T.; Isik, S.; Ilgit, E.T.

1998-01-01

Popliteal artery entrapment (PAE) syndrome is an uncommon congenital anomaly seen in young adults causing ischemic symptoms in the lower extremities. It is the result of various types of anomalous relationships between the popliteal artery and the neighboring muscular structures. The purpose of this study was to define the role of MR imaging combined with MR angiography in the diagnosis of PAE cases. Four cases with segmental occlusion and medial displacement of popliteal artery in digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examinations were diagnosed as PAE syndrome by MR imaging and MR angiography. The DSA and MRA images are compared. All of the cases showed various degrees of abnormal intercondylar insertion of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle. The MR images showed detailed anatomy of the region revealing the cause of the arterial entrapment. Subclassification of the cases were done and fat tissue filling the normal localization of the muscle was evaluated. The DSA and MRA images demonstrated the length and localization of the occluded segment and collateral vascular developments equally. It is concluded that angiographic evaluation alone in PAE syndrome might result in overlooking the underlying cause of the arterial occlusion, which in turn leads to unsuccessful therapy procedures such as balloon angioplasty. Magnetic resonance imaging combined with MR angiography demonstrates both the vascular anatomy and the variations in the muscular structures in the popliteal fossa successfully, and this combination seems to be the most effective way of evaluating young adults with ischemic symptoms suggesting PAE syndrome. (orig.)

Control of enzymatic degradation of biodegradable polymers by treatment with biosurfactants, mannosylerythritol lipids, derived from Pseudozyma spp. yeast strains.

Science.gov (United States)

Fukuoka, Tokuma; Shinozaki, Yukiko; Tsuchiya, Wataru; Suzuki, Ken; Watanabe, Takashi; Yamazaki, Toshimasa; Kitamoto, Dai; Kitamoto, Hiroko

2016-02-01

Cutinase-like esterase from the yeasts Pseudozyma antarctica (PaE) shows strong degradation activity in an agricultural biodegradable plastic (BP) model of mulch films composed of poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA). P. antarctica is known to abundantly produce a glycolipid biosurfactant, mannosylerythritol lipid (MEL). Here, the effects of MEL on PaE-catalyzed degradation of BPs were investigated. Based on PBSA dispersion solution, the degradation of PBSA particles by PaE was inhibited in the presence of MEL. MEL behavior on BP substrates was monitored by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) using a sensor chip coated with polymer films. The positive SPR signal shift indicated that MEL readily adsorbed and spread onto the surface of a BP film. The amount of BP degradation by PaE was monitored based on the negative SPR signal shift and was decreased 1.7-fold by MEL pretreatment. Furthermore, the shape of PBSA mulch films in PaE-containing solution was maintained with MEL pretreatment, whereas untreated films were almost completely degraded and dissolved. These results suggest that MEL covering the surface of BP film inhibits adsorption of PaE and PaE-catalyzed degradation of BPs. We applied the above results to control the microbial degradation of BP mulch films. MEL pretreatment significantly inhibited BP mulch film degradation by both PaE solution and BP-degradable microorganism. Moreover, the degradation of these films was recovered after removal of the coated MEL by ethanol treatment. These results demonstrate that the biodegradation of BP films can be readily and reversibly controlled by a physical approach using MEL.

Betaine supplementation reduces congenital defects after prenatal alcohol exposure (Conference Presentation)

Science.gov (United States)

Karunamuni, Ganga; Gu, Shi; Doughman, Yong Qiu; Sheehan, Megan M.; Ma, Pei; Peterson, Lindsy M.; Linask, Kersti K.; Jenkins, Michael W.; Rollins, Andrew M.; Watanabe, Michiko

2016-03-01

Over 500,000 women per year in the United States drink during pregnancy, and 1 in 5 of this population also binge drink. As high as 20-50% of live-born children with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) present with congenital heart defects including outflow and valvuloseptal anomalies that can be life-threatening. Previously we established a model of PAE (modeling a single binge drinking episode) in the avian embryo and used optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging to assay early-stage cardiac function/structure and late-stage cardiac defects. At early stages, alcohol/ethanol-exposed embryos had smaller cardiac cushions and increased retrograde flow. At late stages, they presented with gross morphological defects in the head and chest wall, and also exhibited smaller or abnormal atrio-ventricular (AV) valves, thinner interventricular septae (IVS), and smaller vessel diameters for the aortic trunk branches. In other animal models, the methyl donor betaine (found naturally in many foods such as wheat bran, quinoa, beets and spinach) ameliorates neurobehavioral deficits associated with PAE but the effects on heart structure are unknown. In our model of PAE, betaine supplementation led to a reduction in gross structural defects and appeared to protect against certain types of cardiac defects such as ventricular septal defects and abnormal AV valvular morphology. Furthermore, vessel diameters, IVS thicknesses and mural AV leaflet volumes were normalized while the septal AV leaflet volume was increased. These findings highlight the importance of betaine and potentially methylation levels in the prevention of PAE-related birth defects which could have significant implications for public health.

Solid-phase microextraction of phthalate esters in water sample using different activated carbon-polymer monoliths as adsorbents.

Science.gov (United States)

Lirio, Stephen; Fu, Chung-Wei; Lin, Jhih-Yun; Hsu, Meng-Ju; Huang, Hsi-Ya

2016-07-13

In this study, the application of different activated carbon-polymer (AC-polymer) monoliths as adsorbents for the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of phthalate esters (PAEs) in water sample were investigated. The activated carbon (AC) was embedded in organic polymers, poly(butyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) (poly(BMA-EDMA)) or poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) (poly(STY-DVB)), via a 5-min microwave-assisted or a 15-min water bath heating polymerization. Preliminary investigation on the performance of the native poly(BMA-EDMA) and poly(STY-DVB) demonstrated remarkable adsorption efficiencies for PAEs. However, due to the strong hydrophobic, π-π, and hydrogen bonding interactions between the analytes and polymers, low extraction recoveries were achieved. In contrast, the presence of AC in native polymers not only enhanced the adsorption efficiencies but also assisted the PAE desorption, especially for AC-poly(STY-DVB) with extraction recovery ranged of 76.2-99.3%. Under the optimized conditions, the extraction recoveries for intra-, inter-day and column-to-column were in the range of 76.5-100.8% (<3.7% RSDs), 77.2-97.6% (<5.6% RSDs) and 75.5-99.7% (<6.2% RSDs), respectively. The developed AC-poly(STY-DVB) monolithic column showed good mechanical stability, which can be reused for more than 30 extraction times without any significant loss in the extraction recoveries of PAEs. The AC-poly(STY-DVB) monolithic column was successfully applied in SPME of PAEs in water sample with extraction recovery ranged of 78.8%-104.6% (<5.5% RSDs). Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Phosphorus Acquisition Efficiency Related to Root Traits: Is Mycorrhizal Symbiosis a Key Factor to Wheat and Barley Cropping?

Science.gov (United States)

Campos, Pedro; Borie, Fernando; Cornejo, Pablo; López-Ráez, Juan A.; López-García, Álvaro; Seguel, Alex

2018-01-01

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) are major crops cultivated around the world, thus playing a crucial role on human diet. Remarkably, the growing human population requires a significant increase in agricultural production in order to feed everybody. In this context, phosphorus (P) management is a key factor as it is component of organic molecules such as nucleic acids, ATP and phospholipids, and it is the most abundant macronutrient in biomass after nitrogen (N), although being one of the scarcest elements in the lithosphere. In general, P fertilization has low efficiency, as only a fraction of the applied P is acquired by roots, leaving a substantial amount to be accumulated in soil as not readily available P. Breeding for P-efficient cultivars is a relatively low cost alternative and can be done through two mechanisms: i) improving P use efficiency (PUE), and/or ii) P acquisition efficiency (PAE). PUE is related to the internal allocation/mobilization of P, and is usually represented by the amount of P accumulated per biomass. PAE relies on roots ability to acquire P from the soil, and is commonly expressed as the relative difference of P acquired under low and high P availability conditions. In this review, plant adaptations related to improved PAE are described, with emphasis on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, which is generally accepted to enhance plant P acquisition. A state of the art (1980–2018) of AM growth responses and P uptake in wheat and barley is made to discuss about the commonly accepted growth promoting effect and P increased uptake by AM fungi and the contrasting evidence about the generally accepted lack of positive responses in both plant species. Finally, the mechanisms by which AM symbiosis can affect wheat and barley PAE are discussed, highlighting the importance of considering AM functional diversity on future studies and the necessity to improve PAE definition by considering the carbon trading between

Adenomatous-Dominant Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (AdBPH) as a Predictor for Clinical Success Following Prostate Artery Embolization: An Age-Matched Case–Control Study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Little, M. W., E-mail: m.little@doctors.org.uk; Boardman, P.; Macdonald, A. C.; Taylor, N.; Macpherson, R. [Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Radiology, Churchill Hospital (United Kingdom); Crew, J. [Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Urology, Churchill Hospital (United Kingdom); Tapping, C. R., E-mail: crtapping@doctors.org.uk [Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Radiology, Churchill Hospital (United Kingdom)

2017-05-15

PurposeTo investigate the clinical impact of performing prostate artery embolization (PAE) on patients with adenomatous-dominant benign prostatic hyperplasia (AdBPH).Materials and MethodsTwelve patients from the ongoing proSTatic aRtery EmbolizAtion for the treatMent of benign prostatic hyperplasia (STREAM) trial were identified as having AdBPH; defined as two or more adenomas within the central gland of ≥1 cm diameter on multi-parametric MRI (MP-MRI). These patients were age-matched with patients from the STREAM cohort, without AdBPH. Patients were followed up with repeat MP-MRI at 3 months and 1 year. International prostate symptom score (IPSS), international index for erectile function (IIEF), and quality of life assessment from the IPSS and EQ-5D-5S questionnaires were recorded pre-PAE and at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 1 year.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 68 (61–76). All patients had PAE as a day-case procedure. The technical success in the cohort was 23/24 (96%). There was a significant reduction in prostate volume following embolization with a median reduction of 34% (30–55) in the AdBPH group, compared to a mean volume reduction of 22% (9–44) in the non-AdBPH group (p = 0.04). There was a significant reduction in IPSS in the AdBPH group following PAE when compared with the control group [AdBPH median IPSS 8 (3–15) vs. non-AdBPH median IPSS 13 (8–18), p = 0.01]. IPSS QOL scores significantly improved in the AdBPH group (p = 0.007). There was no deterioration in sexual function in either group post-PAE.ConclusionsThis is the first time that AdBPH has been identified as being a predictor of clinical success following PAE.

Adenomatous-Dominant Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (AdBPH) as a Predictor for Clinical Success Following Prostate Artery Embolization: An Age-Matched Case–Control Study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Little, M. W.; Boardman, P.; Macdonald, A. C.; Taylor, N.; Macpherson, R.; Crew, J.; Tapping, C. R.

2017-01-01

PurposeTo investigate the clinical impact of performing prostate artery embolization (PAE) on patients with adenomatous-dominant benign prostatic hyperplasia (AdBPH).Materials and MethodsTwelve patients from the ongoing proSTatic aRtery EmbolizAtion for the treatMent of benign prostatic hyperplasia (STREAM) trial were identified as having AdBPH; defined as two or more adenomas within the central gland of ≥1 cm diameter on multi-parametric MRI (MP-MRI). These patients were age-matched with patients from the STREAM cohort, without AdBPH. Patients were followed up with repeat MP-MRI at 3 months and 1 year. International prostate symptom score (IPSS), international index for erectile function (IIEF), and quality of life assessment from the IPSS and EQ-5D-5S questionnaires were recorded pre-PAE and at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 1 year.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 68 (61–76). All patients had PAE as a day-case procedure. The technical success in the cohort was 23/24 (96%). There was a significant reduction in prostate volume following embolization with a median reduction of 34% (30–55) in the AdBPH group, compared to a mean volume reduction of 22% (9–44) in the non-AdBPH group (p = 0.04). There was a significant reduction in IPSS in the AdBPH group following PAE when compared with the control group [AdBPH median IPSS 8 (3–15) vs. non-AdBPH median IPSS 13 (8–18), p = 0.01]. IPSS QOL scores significantly improved in the AdBPH group (p = 0.007). There was no deterioration in sexual function in either group post-PAE.ConclusionsThis is the first time that AdBPH has been identified as being a predictor of clinical success following PAE.

High energy resolution and first time-dependent positron annihilation induced Auger electron spectroscopty

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mayer, Jakob

2010-01-01

It was the aim of this thesis to improve the existing positron annihilation induced Auger spectrometer at the highly intense positron source NEPOMUC (NEutron induced POsitron source MUniCh) in several ways: Firstly, the measurement time for a single spectrum should be reduced from typically 12 h to roughly 1 h or even less. Secondly, the energy resolution, which amounted to ΔE/E∼10%, should be increased by at least one order of magnitude in order to make high resolution positron annihilation induced Auger spectroscopy (PAES)-measurements of Auger transitions possible and thus deliver more information about the nature of the Auger process. In order to achieve these objectives, the PAES spectrometer was equipped with a new electron energy analyzer. For its ideal operation all other components of the Auger analysis chamber had to be adapted. Particularly the sample manipulation and the positron beam guidance had to be renewed. Simulations with SIMION registered ensured the optimal positron lens parameters. After the adjustment of the new analyzer and its components, first measurements illustrated the improved performance of the PAES setup: Firstly, the measurement time for short overview measurements was reduced from 3 h to 420 s. The measurement time for more detailed Auger spectra was shortened from 12 h to 80 min. Secondly, even with the reduced measurement time, the signal to noise ratio was also enhanced by one order of magnitude. Finally, the energy resolution was improved to ΔE/E 2,3 VV-transition with PAES. Thus, within this thesis two objectives were achieved: Firstly, the PAES spectrometer was renewed and improved by at least one order of magnitude with respect to the signal to noise ratio, the measurement time and the energy resolution. Secondly, several measurements have been carried out, demonstrating the high performance of the spectrometer. Amongst them are first dynamic PAES measurements and a high resolution measurement of the CuM 2,3 VV

The effects of phthalate and nonylphenol exposure on body size and secondary sexual characteristics during puberty.

Science.gov (United States)

Hou, Jia-Woei; Lin, Ching-Ling; Tsai, Yen-An; Chang, Chia-Huang; Liao, Kai-Wei; Yu, Ching-Jung; Yang, Winnie; Lee, Ming-Jun; Huang, Po-Chin; Sun, Chien-Wen; Wang, Yin-Han; Lin, Fang-Ru; Wu, Wen-Chiu; Lee, Meng-Chih; Pan, Wen-Harn; Chen, Bai-Hsiun; Wu, Ming-Tsang; Chen, Chu-Chih; Wang, Shu-Li; Lee, Ching-Chang; Hsiung, Chao Agnes; Chen, Mei-Lien

2015-10-01

Some phthalic acid esters (PAEs) and nonylphenol (NP) are endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that are widely used in consumer products. Consequently, the general population is exposed simultaneously to both groups of chemicals. To investigate the single- and co-exposure effects of PAEs (DMP, DEP, DnBP, DiBP, BBzP, and DEHP) and NP on obesity and pubertal maturity to compare the body sizes of general adolescents with the complainants of the phthalate-tainted foods scandal that occurred in Taiwan. This study included 270 general adolescents aged 6.5-15.0 years and 38 complainants aged 6.5-8.5 years. Nine metabolites of the five PAEs and of NP were measured in urine. We used a questionnaire to evaluate pubertal maturity, measured anthropometric indices (APs) to assess body size, and collected urine samples to measure the two groups of chemicals. We found that urinary PAE metabolite concentrations (specifically, metabolites of DEP, DnBP, DiBP, and DEHP) were positively associated with the APs for abdominal obesity (including skinfold thickness, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, and waist-to-hip) and indicated a dose-response relationship. Mono-methyl phthalate (MMP) exposure was inversely associated with pubarche among boys. The daily intake of DEHP in general adolescents exceeded the reference doses (RfD-20 μg/kgbw/day) and tolerable daily intake (TDI-50 μg/kgbw/day) by 3.4% and 0.4%, respectively. No associations were observed between NP exposure or co-exposure and the APs or pubertal maturity. No significant differences were observed between general adolescents and the complainants with regard to weight, height, or BMI. The study suggests that PAE (specifically, DEP, DnBP, DiBP, and DEHP) exposure is associated with abdominal obesity in adolescents and that the APs for abdominal obesity are more sensitive than BMI for measuring obesity among adolescents. We suggest that the RfD and TDI for PAEs should be revised to provide sufficient protection

Spatial audio reproduction with primary ambient extraction

CERN Document Server

He, JianJun

2017-01-01

This book first introduces the background of spatial audio reproduction, with different types of audio content and for different types of playback systems. A literature study on the classical and emerging Primary Ambient Extraction (PAE) techniques is presented. The emerging techniques aim to improve the extraction performance and also enhance the robustness of PAE approaches in dealing with more complex signals encountered in practice. The in-depth theoretical study helps readers to understand the rationales behind these approaches. Extensive objective and subjective experiments validate the feasibility of applying PAE in spatial audio reproduction systems. These experimental results, together with some representative audio examples and MATLAB codes of the key algorithms, illustrate clearly the differences among various approaches and also help readers gain insights on selecting different approaches for different applications.

PRICE ON THE ORGANIC FOOD MARKET

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

GEORGE ATANASOAIE

2012-12-01

Full Text Available The main objective of this paper is to present prices on PAE market (PAE- organic foods market. Prices are analyzed in terms of importance and the main factors that contribute to their establishment (quality of products, distribution channels, certification and eco-labeling system, customer segments and market development stage. This paper is based on the investigation of secondary sources, of specialized literature related to PAE consumers. The paper shows that are used three strategic options of prices: prices with high rigidity located in a low or high level and fluctuating prices, characterized by variations on short periods of time. Price is a very important barrier to market development but this importance can be mitigated through appropriate communication policies with the market, which are essential especially for markets in early stages of development.

Biomechanical and morphological multi-parameter photoacoustic endoscope for identification of early esophageal disease

Science.gov (United States)

Jin, Dayang; Yang, Fen; Chen, Zhongjiang; Yang, Sihua; Xing, Da

2017-09-01

The combination of phase-sensitive photoacoustic (PA) imaging of tissue viscoelasticity with the esophagus-adaptive PA endoscope (PAE) technique allows the characterization of the biomechanical and morphological changes in the early stage of esophageal disease with high accuracy. In this system, the tissue biomechanics and morphology are obtained by detecting the PA phase and PA amplitude information, respectively. The PAE has a transverse resolution of approximately 37 μm and an outer diameter of 1.2 mm, which is suitable for detecting rabbit esophagus. Here, an in-situ biomechanical and morphological study of normal and diseased rabbit esophagus (tumors of esophagus and reflux esophagitis) was performed. The in-situ findings were highly consistent with those observed by histology. In summary, we demonstrated the potential application of PAE for early clinical detection of esophageal diseases.

Uncommon Diseases of The Popliteal Artery: A Pictorial Review

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mohamed Jarraya

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Uncommon diseases of the popliteal artery include cystic adventitial disease, popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES and popliteal artery aneurysm (PAA. Because all of these conditions may present with pain or intermittent claudication, imaging is crucial for differentiating them and directing management. Delayed diagnosis can lead to major complications, including acute limb ischemia. Our aim is to provide an illustrative overview of these conditions in order to make radiologists aware of them and avoid misdiagnosis for timely appropriate management. Teaching Points • Cystic adventitial disease diagnosis is based on evidence of cysts within artery walls. • A variety of anatomic variations may result in PAES. • PAES may be bilateral. • PAA is most commonly encountered in men. • Acute complications of PAA include acute thrombosis and distal embolization.

Sorter af afgræsningslucerne

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Søegaard, Karen

2011-01-01

– to nye sorter Verbena og Camboregio og en ældre sort Luzelle. Sorterne blev dyrket i renbestand og to forskellige blandinger med alm. rajgræs. Parcellerne blev afgræsset af kvier, med en forholdsvis hård afgræsning, i to forskellige slæt/afgræsnings systemer. Generelt klarede Verbena sig bedst og...... afgørende forskelle mellem denne ældre og de to nye sorter. Resultaterne for Luzelle lå generelt mellem Verbena og Camporegio....

Deficits in response inhibition correlate with oculomotor control in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and prenatal alcohol exposure.

Science.gov (United States)

Paolozza, Angelina; Rasmussen, Carmen; Pei, Jacqueline; Hanlon-Dearman, Ana; Nikkel, Sarah M; Andrew, Gail; McFarlane, Audrey; Samdup, Dawa; Reynolds, James N

2014-02-01

Children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) or prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) frequently exhibit impairment on tasks measuring inhibition. The objective of this study was to determine if a performance-based relationship exists between psychometric tests and eye movement tasks in children with FASD. Participants for this dataset were aged 5-17 years and included those diagnosed with an FASD (n=72), those with PAE but no clinical FASD diagnosis (n=21), and typically developing controls (n=139). Participants completed a neurobehavioral test battery, which included the NEPSY-II subtests of auditory attention, response set, and inhibition. Each participant completed a series of saccadic eye movement tasks, which included the antisaccade and memory-guided tasks. Both the FASD and the PAE groups performed worse than controls on the subtest measures of attention and inhibition. Compared with controls, the FASD group made more errors on the antisaccade and memory-guided tasks. Among the combined FASD/PAE group, inhibition and switching errors were negatively correlated with direction errors on the antisaccade task but not on the memory-guided task. There were no significant correlations in the control group. These data suggests that response inhibition deficits in children with FASD/PAE are associated with difficulty controlling saccadic eye movements which may point to overlapping brain regions damaged by prenatal alcohol exposure. The results of this study demonstrate that eye movement control tasks directly relate to outcome measures obtained with psychometric tests that are used during FASD diagnosis, and may therefore help with early identification of children who would benefit from a multidisciplinary diagnostic assessment. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Densely quaternized poly(arylene ether)s with distinct phase separation for highly anion-conductive membranes

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Yuanfang; Wang, Bingxi; Li, Xiao; Chen, Dongyang; Zhang, Weiying

2018-05-01

To develop high performance anion exchange membranes (AEMs), a novel bisphenol monomer bearing eight benzylmethyl groups at the outer edge of the molecule was synthesized, which after condensation polymerization with various amounts of 4,4‧-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone and 4,4‧-difluorobenzophenone yielded novel poly(arylene ether)s with densely located benzylmethyl groups. These benzylmethyl groups were then converted to quaternary ammonium groups by radical-initiated bromination and quaternization in tandem, leading to the emergence of densely quaternized poly(arylene ether sulfone)s (QA-PAEs) with controlled ion exchange capacities (IECs) ranging from 1.61 to 2.32 mmol g-1. Both small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies revealed distinct phase separation in the QA-PAEs. The QA-PAE-40 with an IEC of 2.32 mmol g-1 exhibited a Br- conductivity of 9.2 mS cm-1 and a SO42- conductivity of 14.0 mS cm-1 at room temperature, much higher than those of a control membrane with a similar IEC but without obvious phase separation. Therefore, phase separation of AEMs was validated to be advantageous for the efficient conducting of anions. The experimental results also showed that the QA-PAEs were promising AEM materials, especially for non-alkaline applications.

Influence of pilates mat and apparatus exercises on pain and balance of businesswomen with chronic low back pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Chae-Woo; Hyun, Ju; Kim, Seong Gil

2014-04-01

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of mat Pilates and apparatus Pilates on pain and static balance of businesswomen with chronic back pain. [Subjects and Methods] Participants were randomly allocated to Pilates mat exercises (PME) or Pilates apparatus exercise (PAE), and performed the appropriate Pilates exercises 3 days per week for 8 weeks. In order to measure the improvement in the participants' static balance ability as a result of the exercise, the sway length and sway velocity of the subjects were measured before and after the experiment while the subjects stood on a Balance Performance Monitor (BPM) facing the front wall for 30 seconds with their eyes open. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to measure the degree of pain. [Results] The VAS score, sway length, and sway velocity of both groups decreased significantly after the experiment, but the PME group showed a greater decrease than the PAE group. [Conclusion] PME showed greater improvement in pain level and balance compared with PAE in this research. Since the subjects of this study were patients with low back pain, PME is assumed to have been more suitable and effective because it uses body weight to strengthen core muscles rather than heavier apparatuses as in PAE.

Relationships between self-determination theory and theory of planned behavior applied to physical activity and exercise behavior in chronic pain.

Science.gov (United States)

Brooks, Jessica M; Iwanaga, Kanako; Chiu, Chung-Yi; Cotton, Brandi Parker; Deiches, Jon; Morrison, Blaise; Moser, Erin; Chan, Fong

2017-08-01

This study examined the relationships between self-determination theory (SDT) and theory of planned behavior (TpB) applied to physical activity and exercise behavior (PA&E) in people with chronic pain. Two hundred and eleven adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain (28 males and 183 females, age range 18 to 82 years, mean age 43 years) were recruited from online support groups and clinic networks in the United States. Participants completed SDT measures relevant to PA&E on perceived autonomy support, autonomy, competence, and relatedness, as well as TpB measures relevant to PA&E on intention, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Correlational techniques and canonical correlation analysis were performed to examine the relationships and variance within and between theoretical dimensions. Overall, the SDT set accounted for 37% of the TpB variance and the TpB set accounted for 32% of the SDT set variance. The results indicate there are statistical similarities and differences between concepts in SDT and TpB models for PA&E. Using both empirical guidance and clinical expertise, researchers and practitioners should attempt to select and integrate non-redundant and complementary components from SDT, TpB, and other related health behavior theories.

Subcellular distribution and uptake mechanism of di-n-butyl phthalate in roots of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) seedlings.

Science.gov (United States)

Lin, Qingqi; Yang, Xiuhong; Huang, Xiongfei; Wang, Shizhong; Chao, Yuanqing; Qiu, Rongliang

2016-01-01

Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) are of particular concern due to their potential environmental risk to human and nonhuman organisms. Although uptake of PAEs by plants has been reported by several researchers, information about the intracellular distribution and uptake mechanisms of PAEs is still lacking. In this study, a series of hydroponic experiments using intact pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) seedlings was conducted to investigate how di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), one of the most frequently identified PAEs in the environment, enters and is distributed in roots. DnBP was transported into subcellular tissues rapidly in the initial uptake period (<12 h). More than 80% of DnBP was detected in the cell walls and organelles, which suggests that DnBP is primarily accumulated in these two fractions due to their high affinity to DnBP. The kinetics of DnBP uptake were fitted well with the Michaelis-Menten equation, suggesting that a carrier-mediated process was involved. The application of 2,4-dinitrophenol and sodium vanadate reduced the uptake of DnBP by 37 and 26%, respectively, while aquaporin inhibitors, silver and glycerol, had no effect on DnBP uptake. These data demonstrated that the uptake of DnBP included a carrier-mediated and energy-dependent process without the participation of aquaporins.

[Analysis of phthalate esters in plastic-packaging bags on-line sample stacking-microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography].

Science.gov (United States)

Xiao, Jia; Huang, Ying; Wang, Minyi; Chen, Guonan

2012-09-01

Two convenient, effective, and reproducible methods using microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography (MEEKC)-normal stacking mode (NSM) and reversed electrode polarity stacking mode (REPSM) were developed for the on-line sample stacking of phthalate esters (PAEs). REPSM coupled with MEEKC increased the sensitivity of 937.5 to 7,143 times for four PAEs compared to the conventional MEEKC. The separating conditions in the MEEKC method were studied, and many factors influencing the two sample stacking processes were investigated in detail. The optimum sample matrices for the two stacking methods were as follows: 30 mmol/L sodium cholate (SC) and 30.0 mmol/L borate (pH 8.5). Additionally, sample injections as large as 3.45 kPa x 40 s and 3.45 kPa x 90 s were applied for NSM-MEEKC and REPSM-MEEKC, respectively. The linear relationship and reproducibility were also examined. Under the optimum conditions, the detection limits (S/N = 3) of the PAEs were in the ranges of 0.021 - 0.33 mg/L and 0.7 - 4 microg/L for NSM-MEEKC and REPSM-MEEKC, respectively. The proposed REPSM-MEEKC has been successfully applied to determine PAEs in plastic-packaging bags, and the spiked recoveries were in the range of 89.1% - 105.6% with satisfactory results.

The joint action of destruxins and botanical insecticides (rotenone, azadirachtin and paeonolum) against the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover.

Science.gov (United States)

Yi, Fei; Zou, Chunhua; Hu, Qiongbo; Hu, Meiying

2012-06-18

The joint action of destruxins and three botanical insecticides, rotenone (Rot), azadirachtin (Aza) and paeonolum (Pae) against the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, was bioassayed. In laboratory experiment, several synergistic groups of destruxins with botanical insecticides were found by means of Sun's Co-toxicity Coefficients (CTC) and Finney's Synergistic Coefficient (SC). The best synergistic effect was discovered in the ratio group Des/Rot 1/9 with the CTC or SC and LC₅₀ values of 479.93 or 4.8 and 0.06 μg/mL, respectively. The second and third synergistic effects were recorded in the ratio groups Des/Rot 7/3 and 9/1. Although the ratio groups Des/Aza 6/4, Des/Pae 4/6, 3/7 and 2/8 indicated synergism by Sun's CTC, they were determined as additive actions by Finney's SC. Additive actions were also found in most of the ratio groups, but antagonism were recorded only in three ratio groups: Des/Pae 9/1, 7/3 and 6/4. In greenhouse tests, the highest mortality was 98.9% with the treatment Des/Rot 1/9 at 0.60 μg/mL, meanwhile, the treatments Des/Pae 4/6 and Des/Aza 6/4 had approximately 88% mortality.

Forskelle i behandling af børn med idiopatisk trombocytopenisk purpura

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Edslev, Pernille Wendtland; Kjærsgaard, Mimi; Rosthøj, Steen

2010-01-01

INTRODUCTION: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a rare immune-mediated bleeding disorder that usually takes a self-limiting and benign course. Due to the risk of intracranial haemorrhage, treatment regimens tend to be active. We present treatment data from 17 paediatric departments...

Radiodermitis After Prostatic Artery Embolization: Case Report and Review of the Literature

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Laborda, Alicia; Assis, Andre Moreira De; Ioakeim, Ignatios; Sánchez-Ballestín, María; Carnevale, Francisco Cesar; Gregorio, Miguel Angel De

2015-01-01

Prostate artery embolization (PAE) is a technically demanding new treatment option for benign prostatic hyperplasia. We present a case of radiation-induced dermitis in a 63-year-old patient after a technically successful PAE, due to high radiation exposure (KAP: 8,023,949 mGy cm 2 ) and long fluoroscopy time (72 min). Anatomical and technical aspects are discussed, as well as recommendations to decrease radiation exposure in these procedures

[Miks uurib politsei Ottise ja ehitusfirma Facio vahelist tüli?] / Tarmo Vahter

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Vahter, Tarmo, 1970-

2006-01-01

Seoses koolitüdruku Veronika Dari tapmisega, kus tegelikuks sihtmärgiks oli Riigi Kinnisvara juht Tiit Ottis, tunneb politsei huvi kolme riigi poolt tellitud ehitustöö vastu. Need on keskkriminaalpolitsei peakorteri ning Tallinna Pae ja Mustamäe gümnaasiumi renoveerimine. Uurimise käigust. Vt. samas: Katkeid Riigi Kinnisvara ja Facio Ehituse juhtide kirjavahetusest Pae ja Mustamäe gümnaasiumide remondi teemal. Tiit Ottis: "Mehed, te rikastute alusetult!"

Radiodermitis After Prostatic Artery Embolization: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Laborda, Alicia, E-mail: alaborda@unizar.es [Universidad de Zaragoza, Group of Research in Minimally Invasive Techniques (GITMI), Facultad de Veterinaria (Spain); Assis, Andre Moreira De, E-mail: andre.maa@gmail.com [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Interventional Radiology and Endovascular Surgery Department, Radiology Institute (Brazil); Ioakeim, Ignatios, E-mail: ignacio.ioakim@hotmail.es; Sánchez-Ballestín, María, E-mail: mirisanba@gmail.com [Universidad de Zaragoza, Group of Research in Minimally Invasive Techniques (GITMI), Facultad de Veterinaria (Spain); Carnevale, Francisco Cesar, E-mail: fcarnevale@uol.com.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Interventional Radiology and Endovascular Surgery Department, Radiology Institute (Brazil); Gregorio, Miguel Angel De, E-mail: mgregori@unizar.es [Universidad de Zaragoza, Group of Research in Minimally Invasive Techniques (GITMI), Facultad de Veterinaria (Spain)

2015-06-15

Prostate artery embolization (PAE) is a technically demanding new treatment option for benign prostatic hyperplasia. We present a case of radiation-induced dermitis in a 63-year-old patient after a technically successful PAE, due to high radiation exposure (KAP: 8,023,949 mGy cm{sup 2}) and long fluoroscopy time (72 min). Anatomical and technical aspects are discussed, as well as recommendations to decrease radiation exposure in these procedures.

Mammary remodelling and metabolic activity in dairy goats:role of parity, dry period and nutrient supply

OpenAIRE

Safayi, Sina

2009-01-01

Mælkeproduktionen er generelt lav, men det er set at laktation persistensen er højere hos primiparous (PP) end hos multiparous (MP) drøvtyggere. Dette kan være relateret til forskelle i udvikling og opretholdelse af mælkekirtlernes funktion i yveret, dog er de underliggende mekanismer for dette er ikke klarlagt. Endvidere er mælkeproduktionen hos MP drøvtyggere ikke kun bestemt af dyrets genetiske ydeevne, men også af management strategier for varigheden af goldperioden og perioden omkring ny...

Avislæsning gennem 20 år

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sigurd Bennike

1991-09-01

Full Text Available Hvis man vil forstå udviklingen på dagbladsområdet, er det nødvendigt, men langtfra tilstrækkeligt at kende til avisernes oplagstal; man må des- uden have oplysninger om læserne, blandt andet deres demografiske karakteristika: disse oplysninger findes i et "media indeks". Sigurd Ben- nike, mangeårog drivkraft i Dansk Media Komite, præsenterer her i over- sigtsform 20 års talmateriale med tilhørende forklaringer fra Dansk Media Indeks. Tallene indeholder oplysninger om den andel af befolkningen der læser hverdagsavis, læserprofilen for forskellige dagbladstyper samt en række forskellige kontaktparametre, bl.a. dagbladenes stærke og svage sider i forhold til andre medier, læsested og -tidspunkt.

Cytotoxicity of VEGF121/rGel on vascular endothelial cells resulting in inhibition of angiogenesis is mediated via VEGFR-2

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hittelman Walter N

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The fusion protein VEGF121/rGel composed of the growth factor VEGF121 and the plant toxin gelonin targets the tumor neovasculature and exerts impressive anti-vascular effects. We have previously shown that VEGF121/rGel is cytotoxic to endothelial cells overexpressing VEGFR-2 but not to endothelial cells overexpressing VEGFR-1. In this study, we examined the basis for the specific toxicity of this construct and assessed its intracellular effects in vitro and in vivo. Methods We investigated the binding, cytotoxicity and internalization profile of VEGF121/rGel on endothelial cells expressing VEGFR-1 or VEGFR-2, identified its effects on angiogenesis models in vitro and ex vivo, and explored its intracellular effects on a number of molecular pathways using microarray analysis. Results Incubation of PAE/VEGFR-2 and PAE/VEGFR-1 cells with 125I-VEGF121/rGel demonstrated binding specificity that was competed with unlabeled VEGF121/rGel but not with unlabeled gelonin. Assessment of the effect of VEGF121/rGel on blocking tube formation in vitro revealed a 100-fold difference in IC50 levels between PAE/VEGFR-2 (1 nM and PAE/VEGFR-1 (100 nM cells. VEGF121/rGel entered PAE/VEGFR-2 cells within one hour of treatment but was not detected in PAE/VEGFR-1 cells up to 24 hours after treatment. In vascularization studies using chicken chorioallantoic membranes, 1 nM VEGF121/rGel completely inhibited bFGF-stimulated neovascular growth. The cytotoxic effects of VEGF121/rGel were not apoptotic since treated cells were TUNEL-negative with no evidence of PARP cleavage or alteration in the protein levels of select apoptotic markers. Microarray analysis of VEGF121/rGel-treated HUVECs revealed the upregulation of a unique "fingerprint" profile of 22 genes that control cell adhesion, apoptosis, transcription regulation, chemotaxis, and inflammatory response. Conclusions Taken together, these data confirm the selectivity of VEGF121/rGel for VEGFR-2

The Relationship between Teacher Support and Students' Academic Emotions: A Meta-Analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hao Lei

2018-01-01

Full Text Available This meta-analysis examines the association between teacher support and students' academic emotions [both positive academic emotions (PAEs and negative academic emotions (NAEs] and explores how student characteristics moderate these relationships. We identified 65 primary studies with 58,368 students. The results provided strong evidence linking teacher support and students' academic emotions. Furthermore, students' culture, age, and gender moderated these links. The correlation between teacher support and PAEs was stronger for Western European and American students than for East Asian students, while the correlation between teacher support and NAEs was stronger for East Asian students than for Western European and American students. Also, the correlation between teacher support and PAEs was strong among university students and weaker among middle school students, compared to other students. The correlation between teacher support and NAEs was stronger for middle school students and for female students, compared to other students.

Studies of Oxidation of the Cu(100) Surface Using Low Energy Positrons

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fazleev, N. G.; Maddox, W. B.; Nadesalingam, M.; Rajeshwar, K.; Weiss, A. H.

2009-01-01

Changes in the surface of an oxidized Cu(100) single crystal resulting from vacuum annealing have been investigated using positron annihilation induced Auger electron spectroscopy (PAES). PAES measurements show a large increase in the intensity of the positron annihilation induced Cu M 2,3 VV Auger peak as the sample is subjected to a series of isochronal anneals in vacuum up to annealing temperature 300 deg. C. The intensity then decreases monotonically as the annealing temperature is increased to ∼600 deg. C. Experimental PAES results are analyzed by performing calculations of positron surface states and annihilation probabilities of surface-trapped positrons with relevant core electrons taking into account the charge redistribution at the surface, surface reconstructions, and electron-positron correlations effects. Possible explanation for the observed behavior of the intensity of positron annihilation induced Cu M 2,3 VV Auger peak with changes of the annealing temperature is proposed.

Factores que determinan la aplicación del proceso de enfermería en instituciones hospitalarias de Villavicencio, Colombia, 2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ÓSCAR GUTIÉRREZ LESMES

2009-07-01

Full Text Available El proceso de atención en enfermería (PAE es la herramienta científica para dar cuidado con calidad. Objetivo: describir el uso del PAE por los enfermeros de cuatro instituciones hospitalarias para brindar cuidado a los pacientes y los factores que influyen en el uso del mismo. Metodología: estudio transversal, descriptivo, exploratorio, mediante una entrevista estandarizada, previo consentimiento informado, a 48 enfermeros. El análisis estadístico se realizó con Microsoft Excel y SPSS V. 12. Se calcularon parámetros descriptivos y estimación de riesgo. Conclusiones: los resultados evidenciaron que la falta de tiempo durante el turno (OR: 6,53 IC 95% 1,41-30,26, p 0,022, dedicarse a la administración de medicamentos (OR: 11,57 IC 95% 1,172; 114,26, p: 0,037 y llevar más de 4 años en el ejercicio profesional (OR: 10,1 IC 95% 1,260; 79,33, p: 0,052 son factores determinantes para la no aplicación del PAE, y saber cómo realizarlo (OR: ,029 IC 95% ,002; ,388, p: ,004 es un factor determinante para su aplicación. Solo tres enfermeros de cada 10 aplican el PAE para brindar cuidado a los pacientes. Los resultados señalan el estado de la enfermería como profesión en clínica, la calidad del cuidado que están recibiendo los pacientes y la posibilidad de aparición de eventos adversos. Se recomienda adelantar estudios sobre este tema y fortalecer la formación sobre PAE tanto de los enfermeros en servicio como de los estudiantes de pregrado.

Clinical Results After Prostatic Artery Embolization Using the PErFecTED Technique: A Single-Center Study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Amouyal, Gregory; Thiounn, Nicolas; Pellerin, Olivier; Yen-Ting, Lin; Giudice, Costantino Del; Dean, Carole; Pereira, Helena; Chatellier, Gilles; Sapoval, Marc

2016-01-01

BackgroundProstatic artery embolization (PAE) has been performed for a few years, but there is no report on PAE using the PErFecTED technique outside from the team that initiated this approach.ObjectiveThis single-center retrospective open label study reports our experience and clinical results on patients suffering from symptomatic BPH, who underwent PAE aiming at using the PErFecTED technique.Materials and MethodsWe treated 32 consecutive patients, mean age 65 (52–84 years old) between December 2013 and January 2015. Patients were referred for PAE after failure of medical treatment and refusal or contra-indication to surgery. They were treated using the PErFecTED technique, when feasible, with 300–500 µm calibrated microspheres (two-night hospital stay or outpatient procedure). Follow-up was performed at 3, 6, and 12 months.ResultsWe had a 100 % immediate technical success of embolization (68 % of feasibility of the PErFecTED technique) with no immediate complications. After a mean follow-up of 7.7 months, we observed a 78 % rate of clinical success. Mean IPSS decreased from 15.3 to 4.2 (p = .03), mean QoL from 5.4 to 2 (p = .03), mean Qmax increased from 9.2 to 19.2 (p = .25), mean prostatic volume decreased from 91 to 62 (p = .009) mL. There was no retrograde ejaculation and no major complication.ConclusionPAE using the PErFecTED technique is a safe and efficient technique to treat bothersome LUTS related to BPH. It is of interest to note that the PErFecTED technique cannot be performed in some cases for anatomical reasons

Clinical Results After Prostatic Artery Embolization Using the PErFecTED Technique: A Single-Center Study

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Amouyal, Gregory, E-mail: gregamouyal@hotmail.com; Thiounn, Nicolas, E-mail: nicolas.thiounn@aphp.fr; Pellerin, Olivier, E-mail: olivier.pellerin@aphp.fr [Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne - Paris - Cité, Faculté de Médecine (France); Yen-Ting, Lin, E-mail: ymerically@gmail.com [Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Interventional Radiology Department (France); Giudice, Costantino Del, E-mail: costantino.delgiudice@aphp.fr [Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne - Paris - Cité, Faculté de Médecine (France); Dean, Carole, E-mail: carole.dean@aphp.fr [Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Interventional Radiology Department (France); Pereira, Helena, E-mail: helena.pereira@aphp.fr [Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Clinical Research Unit (France); Chatellier, Gilles, E-mail: gilles.chatellier@aphp.fr; Sapoval, Marc, E-mail: marc.sapoval2@aphp.fr [Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne - Paris - Cité, Faculté de Médecine (France)

2016-03-15

BackgroundProstatic artery embolization (PAE) has been performed for a few years, but there is no report on PAE using the PErFecTED technique outside from the team that initiated this approach.ObjectiveThis single-center retrospective open label study reports our experience and clinical results on patients suffering from symptomatic BPH, who underwent PAE aiming at using the PErFecTED technique.Materials and MethodsWe treated 32 consecutive patients, mean age 65 (52–84 years old) between December 2013 and January 2015. Patients were referred for PAE after failure of medical treatment and refusal or contra-indication to surgery. They were treated using the PErFecTED technique, when feasible, with 300–500 µm calibrated microspheres (two-night hospital stay or outpatient procedure). Follow-up was performed at 3, 6, and 12 months.ResultsWe had a 100 % immediate technical success of embolization (68 % of feasibility of the PErFecTED technique) with no immediate complications. After a mean follow-up of 7.7 months, we observed a 78 % rate of clinical success. Mean IPSS decreased from 15.3 to 4.2 (p = .03), mean QoL from 5.4 to 2 (p = .03), mean Qmax increased from 9.2 to 19.2 (p = .25), mean prostatic volume decreased from 91 to 62 (p = .009) mL. There was no retrograde ejaculation and no major complication.ConclusionPAE using the PErFecTED technique is a safe and efficient technique to treat bothersome LUTS related to BPH. It is of interest to note that the PErFecTED technique cannot be performed in some cases for anatomical reasons.

Which kind of exercise is best in fibromyalgia therapeutic programmes? A practical review.

Science.gov (United States)

Cazzola, M; Atzeni, F; Salaffi, F; Stisi, S; Cassisi, G; Sarzi-Puttini, P

2010-01-01

All of the specialists who deal in some way with fibromyalgia (FM) broadly agree that physical reconditioning programmes are useful, but it is not yet clear what type of physical activity is the most appropriate for different subsets of patients. The aim of this review was to examine the randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published between 1985 and August 2010 whose outcome measures indicate the effectiveness of different types of physical exercise (PE) on the main health domains affected by FM: pain, and physical and mental function. Studies that simultaneously used different types of PE or multimodal treatment strategies were excluded from the analysis, as were those in which the primary and secondary endpoints prevented any assessment of treatment efficacy in all three health domains. Twenty-seven studies were selected: 15 considered land-based physical aerobic exercise (PAE); seven exercises in water; and five muscle strengthening exercise (MSE). There was substantial uniformity in assessing the effectiveness of land- or water-based PAE and MSE in improving aerobic physical fitness (PF) and functional state. Water-based PAE offers some advantages over similarly intense land-based PAE in reducing spontaneous pain and improving depressive symptoms, but the data are insufficient to establish its overall superiority. Regardless of method, the latest findings concerning the neurophysiology of nociception indicate the fundamental importance of assigning workloads that do not exacerbate post-exercise pain.

Biodegradation of dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate and di-n-butyl phthalate by Rhodococcus sp. L4 isolated from activated sludge.

Science.gov (United States)

Lu, Yi; Tang, Fei; Wang, Ying; Zhao, Jinhui; Zeng, Xin; Luo, Qifang; Wang, Lin

2009-09-15

In this study, an aerobic bacterial strain capable of utilizing dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) as sole carbon source and energy was isolated from activated sludge collected from a dyeing plant. According to its morphology, physiochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence, the strain was identified as Rhodococcus ruber. The biodegradation batch tests of DMP, DEP and DBP by the Rhodococcus sp. L4 showed the optimal pH value, temperature and substrate concentration: pH 7.0-8.0, 30-37 degrees C and PAEs concentration Kinetics of degradation have also been performed at different initial concentrations. The results show that the degradation can be described with exponential model. The half-life of degradation was about 1.30 days when the concentration of PAEs mixture was lower than 300 mg/L. PAEs contaminated water samples (300 mg/L) with non-emulsification and completed emulsification were prepared to investigate the effect on PAEs degradation rate. Little difference between the above two sample preparations was observed in terms of ultimate degradation rate. Rhodococcus sp. L4 can also grow on phenol, sodium benzoate or naphthalene solution as sole carbon source and energy which suggests its ability in resisting environmental toxicants. This work provides some new evidence for the possibility of applying Rhodococcus for contaminated water remediation in the area of industry.

AS FASES DO TREINAMENTO DE NATAÇÃO INFLUENCIAM OS SUBSTRATOS ENERGÉTICOS, CORTISOL E LEUCÓCITOS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sueli Cristina Schadeck Zago1

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The effect of physical exercise in immune function has been extensively studied. The intensity and duration of physical exercise have considerable influence in immunologic parameters. However, few studies have compared different exercise intensities in different stages of a physical training program. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify the metabolic, hormonal and immunologic changes before and after acute intermittent swimming exercise, following different stages of training program. Seventeen male swimmers were evaluated in three stages of training. The intensity of the three sessions was 90% (anaerobic potency – PAN, 70% (aerobic potency - PAE and 98% (lactate tolerance – TLA of the maximal speed from the best time of the distance, resulted from peak performance in competition. Blood samples were collected pre and immediately after exercise for cells counting and measurement of substrates and cortisol concentrations. It was used ANOVA to verify the significance of difference (p<0.05. There was a significant increase of glucose and cortisol post exercise in the PAN and PAE sessions. Glutamine increased significantly in PAE and TLA. Leukocytes increased significantly after the three different sessions and lymphocytes decreased significantly on PAE and TLA. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that changes of the several parameters studied in different stages of training program can cause temporary alterations in immune cells and may compromise resistance to common minor illnesses and athlete performance.

The Joint Action of Destruxins and Botanical Insecticides (Rotenone, Azadirachtin and Paeonolum Against the Cotton Aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Meiying Hu

2012-06-01

Full Text Available The joint action of destruxins and three botanical insecticides, rotenone (Rot, azadirachtin (Aza and paeonolum (Pae against the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, was bioassayed. In laboratory experiment, several synergistic groups of destruxins with botanical insecticides were found by means of Sun’s Co-toxicity Coefficients (CTC and Finney’s Synergistic Coefficient (SC. The best synergistic effect was discovered in the ratio group Des/Rot 1/9 with the CTC or SC and LC₅₀ values of 479.93 or 4.8 and 0.06 μg/mL, respectively. The second and third synergistic effects were recorded in the ratio groups Des/Rot 7/3 and 9/1. Although the ratio groups Des/Aza 6/4, Des/Pae 4/6, 3/7 and 2/8 indicated synergism by Sun’s CTC, they were determined as additive actions by Finney’s SC. Additive actions were also found in most of the ratio groups, but antagonism were recorded only in three ratio groups: Des/Pae 9/1, 7/3 and 6/4. In greenhouse tests, the highest mortality was 98.9% with the treatment Des/Rot 1/9 at 0.60 μg/mL, meanwhile, the treatments Des/Pae 4/6 and Des/Aza 6/4 had approximately 88% mortality.

Biodegradation of dimethyl phthalate by Sphingomonas sp. isolated from phthalic-acid-degrading aerobic granules.

Science.gov (United States)

Zeng, Ping; Moy, Benjamin Yan-Pui; Song, Yong-Hui; Tay, Joo-Hwa

2008-10-01

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) contamination in water, air, and soil is one of the major environmental concerns in many countries. Besides the PAE biodegradation process, the PAE degrading bacteria have become one of the focuses of study. This study reports the successful isolation of one kind of indigenous bacterium PA-02 from phthalic acid (PA)-degrading aerobic granules. Based on its 16S ribosomal DNA sequence, isolate PA-02 was identified as Sphingomonas genus with 100% similarity to Sphingomonas sp. strain D84532. Strain PA-02 was a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium with strong auto-aggregation ability. In particular, the strain PA-02 possessed PAE-degrading ability without acclimation. Results of growth tests showed that strain PA-02 could degrade dimethyl phthalate (DMP), dibutyl phthalate, and diethylhexyl phthalate. The specific degradation rates of DMP and PA were concentration-dependent with maximum values of 0.4 g-DMP g(-1) biomass h(-1) and 1.3 g-PA g(-1) biomass h(-1), respectively. Kinetic studies also revealed that PA-02 was robust under high concentrations of DMP and PA. Even when the PA concentration was increased to 1,000.0 mg l(-1), the specific PA degradation rate was about 0.25 g-PA g(-1) biomass h(-1). The corresponding value for DMP was 0.067 g-DMP g(-1) biomass h(-1) at 1,000 mg l(-1).

Rural-urban interlinkages and regional development

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Just, Flemming

2007-01-01

Artiklen diskuterer behovet for at udvide tilgangen i landdistriktsforskningen fra en snæver endogen og sektororienteret approach til en bredere regional orienteret tilgang med et blik for de eksogene og stedbaserede, territorielle strategier. Med udgangspunkt i Danmark vises det at globaliseringen...... og videnøkonomien har skabt større regionale forskelle inden for det seneste årti, og at denne tendens ser ud til at fortsætte. Et svar på udfordringerne er at lægge større vægt på regionale styrkepositioner og tværsektorielt samarbejde....

Burden Sharing in the Context of Global Climate Change

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ringius, L.; Frederiksen, P.; Birr-Pedersen, K.

Occurrence, sources, geographical distribution, transport and fate of the persistent pollutants PAH, NPE, PAE, PCB, PCN and PBDE was investigated in sludge, soil and sediment in a local environment. Further investigated was the vertical distribution in cores of soils and sediment.......Occurrence, sources, geographical distribution, transport and fate of the persistent pollutants PAH, NPE, PAE, PCB, PCN and PBDE was investigated in sludge, soil and sediment in a local environment. Further investigated was the vertical distribution in cores of soils and sediment....

Comparison of four kinds of extraction techniques and kinetics of microwave-assisted extraction of vanillin from Vanilla planifolia Andrews.

Science.gov (United States)

Dong, Zhizhe; Gu, Fenglin; Xu, Fei; Wang, Qinghuang

2014-04-15

Vanillin yield, microscopic structure, antioxidant activity and overall odour of vanilla extracts obtained by different treatments were investigated. MAE showed the strongest extraction power, shortest time and highest antioxidant activity. Maceration gave higher vanillin yields than UAE and PAE, similar antioxidant activity with UAE, but longer times than UAE and PAE. Overall odour intensity of different vanilla extracts obtained by UAE, PAE and MAE were similar, while higher than maceration extracts. Then, powered vanilla bean with a sample/solvent ratio of 4 g/100 mL was selected as the optimum condition for MAE. Next, compared with other three equations, two-site kinetic equation with lowest RMSD and highest R²(adj) was shown to be more suitable in describing the kinetics of vanillin extraction. By fitting the parameters C(eq), k₁, k₂, and f, a kinetics model was constructed to describe vanillin extraction in terms of irradiation power, ethanol concentration, and extraction time. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Biodegradation of phthalate esters during the mesophilic anaerobic digestion of sludge

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Gavala, Hariklia N.; Alatriste-Mondragon, Felipe; Iranpour, R.

2003-01-01

of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), di-ethyl phthalate (DEP) and di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) was investigated and their relative rates of anaerobic degradation were calculated. Also, the biological removal of PAE during the anaerobic digestion of sludge in bench-scale digesters was investigated using DBP...... and DEHP as model compounds of one biodegradable and one recalcitrant PAE respectively. The degradation of all the PAE tested in this study (DEP, DBP and DEHP) is adequately described by first-order kinetics. Batch and continuous experiments showed that DEP and DBP present in sludge are rapidly degraded...... under mesophilic anaerobic conditions (a first-order kinetic constant of 8.04 x 10(-2) and 13.69 x 10(-2) -4.35 day(-1) respectively) while DEHP is degraded at a rate between one to two orders of magnitude lower (0.35 x 10(-2) -3.59 x 10(-2) day(-1)). It is of high significance that experiments...

An Early Assessment of Accountable Care Organizations Efforts to Engage Patients and Their Families

Science.gov (United States)

Shortell, Stephen M.; Sehgal, Neil; Bibi, Salma; Ramsay, Patricia P.; Neuhauser, Linda; Colla, Carrie H.; Lewis, Valerie A.

2017-01-01

Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) have incentives to meet quality and expenditure targets and share in resulting savings. Achieving these goals will require ACOs to engage more actively with patients and their families. The extent to which ACOs do so is currently unknown. Using mixed-methods including a national survey, phone interviews and site-visits; we examine the extent to which ACOs actively engage patients and their families, explore challenges involved; and consider approaches for dealing with those challenges. Results indicate that greater ACO use of patient activation and engagement (PAE) activities at the point-of-care may influence more positive leadership perceptions of the impact of PAE investments on ACO costs, quality, and outcomes of care. We identify a number of important practices associated with greater PAE, including high-level leadership commitment, goal-setting supported by adequate resources, extensive provider training and use of inter-disciplinary care teams, and frequent monitoring and reporting on progress. PMID:26038349

Study of the repartition of phthalate esters during distillation of wine for spirit production.

Science.gov (United States)

Montevecchi, Giuseppe; Masino, Francesca; Di Pascale, Nicolas; Vasile Simone, Giuseppe; Antonelli, Andrea

2017-12-15

Due to health concerns and legal matters, an investigation to limit phthalates esters (PEAs) in spirits is necessary. A lab still was used to perform pilot distillations according to the official method for brandy production in order to explore the repartition into the distilled fractions of each PAE. The process was divided in two steps: a première chauffe and a bonne chauffe. The former step included the cut into heads, heart and tails, while the latter into heads, brandy, secondes, and tails. The behaviour of each PAE during distillation was affected by its own chemical nature. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was entirely carried over into the distillate, while bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) only partially, and diisononyl phthalate (DINP) accumulated in the stillage. During the bonne chauffe, DBP and DEHP accumulated in the secondes more than in the brandy. A rectification step of the secondes was demonstrated to considerably reduce PAEs concentration. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

ADHD SOM SOCIALT OG KULTURELT FÆNOMEN

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Berger, Nichlas Permin

Der har i Danmark de seneste årtier været en eksplosiv vækst i antallet af mennesker, der stilles en ADHD-diagnose. Der eksisterer et væld af forskellige bud på forklaringer på dette fænomen. Lige fra epidemiologiske og medicinske tolkninger, der peger på, at mennesker generelt er blevet mere syge...... at forbinde psykiske lidelser, herunder i væsentlig grad ADHD, som en risikofaktor for kriminalitet, antisocial adfærd, misbrug og en række andre sociale problemer. Med interesse i dette komplekse fænomen belyses empirisk den sociale og kulturelle forudsætning for ADHD-diagnosen i Kriminalforsorgens...... institutioner i en kulturanalytisk og socialkonstruktivistisk optik. Afhandlingen undersøger, hvordan ADHD og kriminalitet diskursivt kobles sammen af voksne kriminelle med en ADHD-diagnose og frontmedarbejdere i Kriminalforsorgen....

The Social reality of hygiene and sanitation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rheinländer, Thilde

) forældre og andre omsorgspersoners forklaringer, behandlingssøgende adfærd og adgang til behandling for en hygiejnerelateret sygdom (børnediarré) og 3) organisation og implementering af hygiejne- og sanitetsfremmende strategier og aktiviteter i studieområdet, inklusive roller og ansvarsfordeling blandt de......-udviklede’ hvilket afførte en vis afhængighed af regeringssubsidier og få eller ingen lokale tiltag til at forbedre eksempelvis sanitetsforhold. Analysen af hygiejne- og sanitetsfremmende strategier viste, at Vietnam har udviklet et særdeles velorganiseret folkesundhedssystem støttet af masseorganisationer...... sundhedsuddannelse. Strategier var også i høj grad generiske og ikke tilpassede den lokale kontekst, samt socioøkonomiske og kulturelle forhold. Hygiejne- og sanitetsfremme afspejler derfor langt fra de mange sociale, kulturelle og politiske faktorer, som influerer disse etniske minoritetssamfunds respons på og...

Elaboración de barras energéticas para escolares a partir de subproductos industriales de soya y maíz

OpenAIRE

De La Paz Castro, Viviana; Coello Ojeda, Karín Elizabeth

2013-01-01

El Programa de Alimentación Escolar del Ecuador (PAE) ofrece a escuelas fiscales productos como complemento alimenticio que contienen un adecuado aporte de calorías, proteínas, vitaminas y minerales con el propósito de mejorar la nutrición y por consiguiente la capacidad en el aprendizaje de los niños en edad escolar. Entre los productos que el PAE distribuye se encuentra la granola en barra hecha a base de avena, la cual al ser una materia prima importada eleva el costo del producto final. ...

Magnetic covalent triazine framework for rapid extraction of phthalate esters in plastic packaging materials followed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection.

Science.gov (United States)

Yan, Zijun; He, Man; Chen, Beibei; Gui, Bo; Wang, Cheng; Hu, Bin

2017-11-24

Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs), featuring with high surface area, good thermal, chemical and mechanical stability, are good adsorbents in sample pretreatment. Herein, magnetic CTFs/Ni composite was prepared by in situ reduction of nickel ions on CTFs matrix with a solvothermal method. The prepared CTFs/Ni composite exhibited good preparation reproducibility, high chemical stability, and high extraction efficiency for targeted phthalate esters (PAEs) due to π-π interaction and hydrophobic effect. The porous structure of CTFs/Ni composite benefited the fast transfer of target PAEs from aqueous solution to the adsorbents, and the integrated magnetism contributed to the rapid separation of adsorbents from sample and elution solution. Based on it, a novel method of magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) combined with gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) was developed for the analysis of PAEs including dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), di-2-ethylhexl phthalate (DEHP), and di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP) in plastic packaging materials. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection (LODs, S/N=3) for six PAEs were found to be in the range of 0.024-0.085mg/kg. The linear range was 0.32-16mg/kg for DMP, DEP, 0.08-80mg/kg for DBP, 0.16-32mg/kg for BBP, DEHP, and 0.32-32mg/kg for DNOP, respectively. The enrichment factors ranged from 59 to 88-fold (theoretical enrichment factor was 133-fold). The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of PAEs in various plastic packaging materials with recoveries in the range of 70.6-119% for the spiked samples. This method is characterized with short operation time, high sensitivity, low consumption of harmful organic solvents and can be extended to the analysis of other trace aromatic compounds. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

State school nutrition and physical activity policy environments and youth obesity.

Science.gov (United States)

Nanney, Marilyn S; Nelson, Toben; Wall, Melanie; Haddad, Tarek; Kubik, Martha; Laska, Melissa Nelson; Story, Mary

2010-01-01

With the epidemic of childhood obesity, there is national interest in state-level school policies related to nutrition and physical activity, policies adopted by states, and relationships to youth obesity. This study develops a comprehensive state-level approach to characterize the overall obesity prevention policy environment for schools and links the policy environments to youth obesity for each state. Using 2006 School Health Policies and Programs Study (SHPPS) state data, qualitative and quantitative methods were used (2008-2009) to construct domains of state-level school obesity prevention policies and practices, establish the validity and reliability of the domain scales, and examine their associations with state-level obesity prevalence among youth aged 10-17 years from the 2003 National Survey of Children's Health. Nearly 250 state-level obesity prevention-policy questions were identified from the SHPPS. Three broad policy topic areas containing 100 food service and nutrition (FSN) questionnaire items; 146 physical activity and education (PAE) items; and two weight assessment (WA) items were selected. Principal components analysis and content validity assessment were used to further categorize the items into six FSN, ten PAE, and one WA domain. Using a proportional scaled score to summarize the number of policies adopted by states, it was found that on average states adopted about half of the FSN (49%), 38% of the PAE, and 17% of the WA policies examined. After adjusting for state-level measures of ethnicity and income, the average proportion of FSN policies adopted by states was correlated with the prevalence of youth obesity at r =0.35 (p=0.01). However, no correlation was found between either PAE or WA policies and youth obesity (PAE policies at r =0.02 [p=0.53] and WA policies at r =0.16 [p=0.40]). States appear to be doing a better job adopting FSN policies than PA or WA policies, and adoption of policies is correlated with youth obesity. Continued

International policies and national action plans for health promotion and education for sustainable development in schools:tranformations and translations

OpenAIRE

Madsen, Katrine Dahl; Nordin, Lone Lindegard; Simovska, Venka

2013-01-01

Målet med denne dokumentanalyse er at klarlægge de internationale og nationale politiske rammer, der er sat for arbejdet med sundhedsfremme og bæredygtig udvikling i grundskolen i Danmark i dag. Hensigten er at undersøge, hvor begreberne kommer fra, hvad skolerne er forpligtede på, fællestræk og forskelle på områderne og de vægtninger og tolkninger, der har fundet sted gennem tiden. Analysen har således to overordnede mål: 1) at belyse, hvordan sundhedsfremme og uddannelse for bæredygtig udvi...

Klassisk og moderne pædagogisk teori

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Klassisk og moderne pædagogisk teori giver en indføring i pædagogikkens centrale problemstillinger, teorier, personer og begreber. Bogen indeholder 31 kapitler samt en leksikal del, skrevet af førende danske forskere og ordnet tematisk under følgende overskrifter: Del 1: Pædagogik og teorier om...... opdragelse, undervisning og uddannelse Del 2: Nationalstat og globalisering Del 3: Fag, viden og undervisning Del 4: Kulturelle og sociale forskelle Del 5: Perspektiver og deres betydning Del 6: Pædagogikkens institutioner Del 7: Socialt og pædagogisk samspil Del 8: Person- og teoriintroduktioner Der er...

Stress blandt gymnasielærere

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lading, Åse

2007-01-01

Artiklen bygger på en større undersøgelse af gymnasielæreres oplevelse af at de som noget nyt skal indgå i tværfaglige team. Kravet indgår som led i de omfattende forandringer der i disse år sker i gymnasieskolen. Artiklen argumenterer for at i modsætning til hvad man kunne forvente, skaber disse...... kan anerkende medarbejderne samt rumme og lære af forskelle og konflikter. Dette ses som et afgørende led i bestræbelserne på at reducere stress på arbejdspladsen....

Forståelse i forskningsbaseret undervisning – især i relation til humanog samfundsvidenskab

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Merete wiberg

2011-03-01

Full Text Available I artiklen vil der på baggrund af en sammenligning af to paradigmer inden for uddannelsestænkning – en angelsaksisk curriculumtænkning (eksemplificeret ved John Biggs og en kontinental didaktisk tænkning (eksemplificeret ved Wolfgang Klafki – blive diskuteret forskelle mellem beskrivelser af idealer for studerendes forståelse med henblik på en diskussionaf, hvad det vil sige at forstå i forskningsbaseret undervisning. Der vil blive argumenteret for, at der skal være en ontologisk dimension på to planer til stede i forskningsbaseret forståelse.

Print og netaviser i Danmark, USA og Frankrig

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ørsten, Mark; Willig, Ida

2013-01-01

Denne artikel undersøger forskelle og ligheder mellem print og netaviser i Danmark, USA og Frankrig, både på tværs af platforme og på tværs af de tre analyserede lande. Den komparative analyse sker med udgangspunkt i mediesystemteori, hvor Danmark er placeret i den korporative/demokratiske model,...... vinde indpas på bekostning af de andre modeller. Denne artikels resultater peger dog på, at kommercielle aspekter muligvis har større indflydelse på tværs af alle tre modeller, når det komparative fokus skifter fra print til net....

Occurrence and risk assessment of potentially toxic elements and typical organic pollutants in contaminated rural soils.

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Yongfeng; Dai, Shixiang; Meng, Ke; Wang, Yuting; Ren, Wenjie; Zhao, Ling; Christie, Peter; Teng, Ying

2018-07-15

The residual levels and risk assessment of several potentially toxic elements (PTEs), phthalate esters (PAEs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in rural soils near different types of pollution sources in Tianjin, China, were studied. The soils were found to be polluted to different extents with PTEs, PAEs and PAHs from different pollution sources. The soil concentrations of chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), acenaphthylene (Any) and acenaphthene (Ane) were higher than their corresponding regulatory reference limits. The health risk assessment model used to calculate human exposure indicates that both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks from selected pollutants were generally acceptable or close to acceptable. Different types of pollution sources and soil physicochemical properties substantially affected the soil residual concentrations of and risks from these pollutants. PTEs in soils collected from agricultural lands around industrial and residential areas and organic pollutants (PAEs and PAHs) in soils collected from agricultural areas around livestock breeding were higher than those from other types of pollution sources and merit long-term monitoring. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Use of atropine to predict the accommodative component in esotropia with hypermetropia

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Mihir Kothari

2011-01-01

Full Text Available This cohort study included children with esotropia and hypermetropia of ≥ +2.0 diopters (D. The deviation was measured at presentation, under atropine cycloplegia and 3 months after full refractive correction. Of 44 children with a mean age of 5.2 ± 2.4 years, 25 were males. Eighteen (41% had fully refractive accommodative esotropia (RAE, 10 (23% had partial accommodative esotropia (PAE, and 5 (11% had nonaccommodative esotropia (NAE. Eleven (25% had convergence excess (CE. Under cycloplegia, all with RAE and RAE with CE had orthotropia. There was no significant change in the deviation in the patients with NAE. The deviation under cycloplegia and that with full refractive correction in PAE and PAE with CE (with +3.0 D addition were not different. The intraclass correlation coefficient for deviation under cycloplegia and after full refractive correction (+3.0 D addition for CE was 0.89. It was concluded that ocular deviation under cycloplegia can help to predict the accommodative component in esotropia with hypermetropia.

New evidence for positive selection helps explain the paternal age effect observed in achondroplasia

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Shinde, Deepali N.; Elmer, Dominik P.; Calabrese, Peter; Boulanger, Jérôme; Arnheim, Norman; Tiemann-Boege, Irene

2013-01-01

There are certain de novo germline mutations associated with genetic disorders whose mutation rates per generation are orders of magnitude higher than the genome average. Moreover, these mutations occur exclusively in the male germ line and older men have a higher probability of having an affected child than younger ones, known as the paternal age effect (PAE). The classic example of a genetic disorder exhibiting a PAE is achondroplasia, caused predominantly by a single-nucleotide substitution (c.1138G>A) in FGFR3. To elucidate what mechanisms might be driving the high frequency of this mutation in the male germline, we examined the spatial distribution of the c.1138G>A substitution in a testis from an 80-year-old unaffected man. Using a technology based on bead-emulsion amplification, we were able to measure mutation frequencies in 192 individual pieces of the dissected testis with a false-positive rate lower than 2.7 × 10−6. We observed that most mutations are clustered in a few pieces with 95% of all mutations occurring in 27% of the total testis. Using computational simulations, we rejected the model proposing an elevated mutation rate per cell division at this nucleotide site. Instead, we determined that the observed mutation distribution fits a germline selection model, where mutant spermatogonial stem cells have a proliferative advantage over unmutated cells. Combined with data on several other PAE mutations, our results support the idea that the PAE, associated with a number of Mendelian disorders, may be explained primarily by a selective mechanism. PMID:23740942

Positron annihilation induced Auger electron spectroscopic studies of oxide surfaces

Science.gov (United States)

Nadesalingam, Manori

2005-03-01

Defects on oxide surfaces are well known to play a key role in catalysis. TiO2, MgO, SiO2 surfaces were investigated using Time-Of-Flight Positron induced Auger Electron Spectroscopy (TOF-PAES). Previous work in bulk materials has demonstrated that positrons are particularly sensitive to charged defects. In PAES energetic electron emission results from Auger transitions initiated by annihilation of core electrons with positrons trapped in an image-potential well at the surface. Annealed samples in O2 environment show a strong Auger peak of Oxygen. The implication of these results will be discussed

Atypical presentation of popliteal artery entrapment syndrome: involvement of the anterior tibial artery.

Science.gov (United States)

Bou, Steven; Day, Carly

2014-11-01

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is a rare condition that should be suspected in a young patient with exertional lower extremity pain. We report the case of an 18-year-old female volleyball player with bilateral exertional lower extremity pain who had been previously diagnosed with tendinitis and periostitis. Diagnostic studies showed entrapment of the left popliteal artery and the left anterior tibial artery. To our knowledge, there has only been 1 previous report of anterior tibial artery involvement in PAES. Copyright © 2014 American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

PERINATAL ASPHYXIA AS POTENTIAL SOURCE OF CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHO-MOTOR DIFFICULTIES

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Elizabeta ZISOVSKA

1997-09-01

Full Text Available Besides the great improvement of aostetrics and neanatal intensive care, certain percentage of new born children suffer from perinatal asphyxia (PA and that is one of the first reasons for hypoxic and ischemic brain damage which leads to neuro-developing handicap. In order to show how strong is the correaltion between PA and permanent sequele, an early, precise and prompt diagnosis of asphyxia and its influence on neonatal brain is neccessary.This study presents answers to the following issues.1.Which parameters define precisely the perinatal asphyxia?2.How great is the PA incidence on our material?3.What is the percentage of postasphyxic encephalopathy (PAE in the group of asphyxic new born children?4.Which of these children bear high risk for developmental psycho-motor difficulties?MaterialThe new born children delivered on time in the Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics.Methods1.Early diagnosis of PA according to the score consisted of high specific, sensitivity and positive and predictive value2.Consequent neurological check-ups and PAE cathegori-zation for seven days3.Ultrasound examination of CNS through big fontanelle4.Lab analysesResults5.639 successive new born children delivered on time were examined. The included scouring system covers APGAR score at the 5th minute, cardiotocographic record, base deficit in ABS, meconium around the amniotic water. According to this system, 81 child passed the PA , i.e., 14,3/ 1.000 new born children delivered on time. Out of them, 54 have signs of PAE (9,5/1000 new born children delivered on time, i.e., 66,6% of all asphyxia new born children. Classification has been made according to the PAE grade: 34 children survived the first grade (62,9%, 11 children survived the second grade (20,4% and 9 new born children survived the third grade (16,7%. According to data in literature and long year studies of this issue, the children from the group who passed the second and the third grade of PAE have the risk

Cat serum contamination by phthalates, PCBs, and PBDEs versus food and indoor air.

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Braouezec, Clélie; Enriquez, Brigitte; Blanchard, Martine; Chevreuil, Marc; Teil, Marie-Jeanne

2016-05-01

A wide variety of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) with semi-volatile properties are emitted to indoor air and, thus, humans might get exposed to these compounds. Pet cats spend the major part of their lifetime at home and might integrate indoor contamination so that they could mirror the human exposure. Three classes of EDCs, polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and phthalates (PAEs), were simultaneously considered and quantified in the serum of cats (Felis silvestris catus) living in the Paris area (France). The main compound concentrations by decreasing importance order were as follows: for PAEs, di-n-butyl phthalate (79,900 ng L(-1)) next di-iso-butyl phthalate (53,200 ng L(-1)), di-iso-nonyl phthalate (43,800 ng L(-1)), and di-ethylhexyl phthalate (32,830 ng L(-1)); for PCBs, CB153 (1378 ng L(-1)) next CB52 (509 ng L(-1)), CB101 (355 ng L(-1)), CB110 (264 ng L(-1)), and CB118 (165 ng L(-1)); and for PBDEs, BDE 153/154 (35 ng L(-1)) next BDE47 (10.7 ng L(-1)). Total serum concentrations as mean ± standard deviation were 107 ± 98 μg L(-1) for ∑9PAEs, 2799 ± 944 ng L(-1) for ∑19PCBs, and 56 ± 21 ng L(-1) for ∑9BDEs. The three chemical groups were found in cat food: 0.088 ng g(-1) for ∑9BDEs, 1.7 ng g(-1) for ∑19PCBs, and 2292 ng g(-1) for ∑9PAEs and in indoor air: 0.063 ng m(-3) for ∑9BDEs, 1.5 ng m(-3) for ∑19PCBs, and 848 ng m(-3) for ∑9PAEs. Contaminant intake by food ingestion was approximately 100-fold higher than that by indoor air inhalation.

Impairment of motor skills in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in remote Australia: The Lililwan Project.

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Lucas, Barbara R; Doney, Robyn; Latimer, Jane; Watkins, Rochelle E; Tsang, Tracey W; Hawkes, Genevieve; Fitzpatrick, James P; Oscar, June; Carter, Maureen; Elliott, Elizabeth J

2016-11-01

We aimed to characterise motor performance in predominantly Aboriginal children living in very remote Australia, where rates of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) are high. Motor performance was assessed, and the relationship between motor skills, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) and PAE was explored. Motor performance was assessed using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Second Edition Complete Form, in a population-based study of children born in 2002 or 2003 living in the Fitzroy Valley, Western Australia. Composite scores ≥2SD (2nd percentile) and ≥1SD (16th percentile) below the mean were used respectively for FASD diagnosis and referral for treatment. FASD diagnoses were assigned using modified Canadian Guidelines. A total of 108 children (Aboriginal: 98.1%; male: 53%) with a mean age of 8.7 years was assessed. The cohort's mean total motor composite score (mean ± SD 47.2 ± 7.6) approached the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Second Edition normative mean (50 ± 10). Motor performance was lower in children with FASD diagnosis than without (mean difference (MD) ± SD: -5.0 ± 1.8; confidence interval: -8.6 to -1.5). There was no difference between children with PAE than without (MD ± SE: -2.2 ± 1.5; confidence interval: -5.1 to 0.80). The prevalence of motor impairment (≥-2SD) was 1.9% in the entire cohort, 9.5% in children with FASD, 3.3% in children with PAE and 0.0% both in children without PAE or FASD. Almost of 10% of children with FASD has significant motor impairment. Evaluation of motor function should routinely be included in assessments for FASD, to document impairment and enable targeted early intervention.[Lucas BR, Doney R, Latimer J, Watkins RE, Tsang TW, Hawkes G, Fitzpatrick JP, Oscar J, Carter M, Elliott EJ. Impairment of motor skills in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in remote Australia: The Lililwan Project. Drug Alcohol Rev 2016;35:719-727]. © 2016

Prostatic Artery Embolization as an Alternative to Indwelling Bladder Catheterization to Manage Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Poor Surgical Candidates

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rampoldi, Antonio; Barbosa, Fabiane, E-mail: fabiane001@hotmail.com [Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Department of Interventional Radiology (Italy); Secco, Silvia [Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Department of Urology (Italy); Migliorisi, Carmelo [Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Department of Interventional Radiology (Italy); Galfano, Antonio; Prestini, Giovanni [Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Department of Urology (Italy); Harward, Sardis Honoria [Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice (United States); Trapani, Dario Di [Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Department of Urology (Italy); Brambillasca, Pietro Maria; Ruggero, Vercelli; Solcia, Marco [Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Department of Interventional Radiology (Italy); Carnevale, Francisco Cesar [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Department of Interventional Radiology (Brazil); Bocciardi, Aldo Massimo [Ospedale Niguarda Ca’ Granda, Department of Urology (Italy)

2017-04-15

PurposeTo prospectively assess discontinuation of indwelling bladder catheterization (IBC) and relief of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) following prostate artery embolization (PAE) in poor surgical candidates.MethodsPatients ineligible for surgical intervention were offered PAE after at least 1 month of IBC for management of urinary retention secondary to BPH; exclusion criteria for PAE included eligibility for surgery, active bladder cancer or known prostate cancer. Embolization technical and clinical success were defined as bilateral prostate embolization and removal of IBC, respectively. Patients were followed for at least 6 months and evaluated for International Prostate Symptom Score, quality of life, prostate size and uroflowmetric parameters.ResultsA total of 43 patients were enrolled; bilateral embolization was performed in 33 (76.7%), unilateral embolization was performed in 8 (18.6%), and two patients could not be embolized due to tortuous and atherosclerotic pelvic vasculature (4.7%). Among the patients who were embolized, mean prostate size decreased from 75.6 ± 33.2 to 63.0 ± 23.2 g (sign rank p = 0.0001, mean reduction of 19.6 ± 17.3%), and IBC removal was achieved in 33 patients (80.5%). Clavien II complications were reported in nine patients (21.9%) and included urinary tract infection (three patients, 7.3%) and recurrent acute urinary retention (six patients, 14.6%). Nine patients (22.0%) experienced post-embolization syndrome.ConclusionsPAE is a safe and feasible for the relief of LUTS and IBC in highly comorbid patients without surgical treatment options.

Prevention of congenital defects induced by prenatal alcohol exposure (Conference Presentation)

Science.gov (United States)

Sheehan, Megan M.; Karunamuni, Ganga; Pedersen, Cameron J.; Gu, Shi; Doughman, Yong Qiu; Jenkins, Michael W.; Watanabe, Michiko; Rollins, Andrew M.

2017-02-01

Over 500,000 women per year in the United States drink during pregnancy, and 1 in 5 of this population also binge drink. Up to 40% of live-born children with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) present with congenital heart defects (CHDs) including life-threatening outflow and valvuloseptal anomalies. Previously we established a PAE model in the avian embryo and used optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging to assay looping-stage (early) cardiac function/structure and septation-stage (late) cardiac defects. Early-stage ethanol-exposed embryos had smaller cardiac cushions (valve precursors) and increased retrograde flow, while late-stage embryos presented with gross head/body defects, and exhibited smaller atrio-ventricular (AV) valves, interventricular septae, and aortic vessels. However, supplementation with the methyl donor betaine reduced gross defects, prevented cardiac defects such as ventricular septal defects and abnormal AV valves, and normalized cardiac parameters. Immunofluorescent staining for 5-methylcytosine in transverse embryo sections also revealed that DNA methylation levels were reduced by ethanol but normalized by co-administration of betaine. Furthermore, supplementation with folate, another methyl donor, in the PAE model appeared to normalize retrograde flow levels which are typically elevated by ethanol exposure. Studies are underway to correlate retrograde flow numbers for folate with associated cushion volumes. Finally, preliminary findings have revealed that glutathione, a key endogenous antioxidant which also regulates methyl group donation, is particularly effective in improving alcohol-impacted survival and gross defect rates. Current investigations will determine whether glutathione has any positive effect on PAE-related CHDs. Our studies could have significant implications for public health, especially related to prenatal nutrition recommendations.

MIGRATION OF PHTHALATES FROM PLASTIC TANK TO VEGETABLE OIL AS A PART OF FEEDING MIXTURES USED FOR CHICKEN BROILERS FATTENING

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Pavel Suchý

2010-05-01

Full Text Available The concentrations of phthalic acid esters (PAEs as di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP were measured in samples of rapeseed oil, which was used as a feed. First samples were collected during the production process and second after the storage in plastic tank (21 days. The results of measurements are that there is 2.93-10.10 mg PAEs.kg-1 in the oil before storage and 22.73-61.55 mg PAEs.kg-1 after storage. For the monitoring of distribution and accumulation of PAEs in animal tissues and organs (muscles, adipose tissue, skin and liver broiler chicks ROSS 308 were used. The chicks were divided into 4 groups (50 chicks each. All the chicks were fed by commercial diets (complete feed, KKS for broiler chicks (starter – BR1; grower – BR2 and finisher – BR3. The experimental diets were supplemented with vegetable oil (RO with low (group N or high (group V phthalate content, or animal fat with high phthalate content (group Z. Neither the control diets (K nor the grower (BR1 diets contained vegetable oil or animal fat. DBP and DEHP were found in all tissues of all chicks. The highest concentration of DBP of 1.28 1.00 mg.kg-1 of fresh sample (an average value from 8 chicks was determined in the adipose tissue of V chicks. The highest concentration of DEHP of 3.27 2.87 mg.kg-1 of fresh sample (average of 8 chicks was also determined in the V group. doi:10.5219/49

Prostatic Artery Embolization as an Alternative to Indwelling Bladder Catheterization to Manage Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Poor Surgical Candidates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rampoldi, Antonio; Barbosa, Fabiane; Secco, Silvia; Migliorisi, Carmelo; Galfano, Antonio; Prestini, Giovanni; Harward, Sardis Honoria; Trapani, Dario Di; Brambillasca, Pietro Maria; Ruggero, Vercelli; Solcia, Marco; Carnevale, Francisco Cesar; Bocciardi, Aldo Massimo

2017-01-01

PurposeTo prospectively assess discontinuation of indwelling bladder catheterization (IBC) and relief of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) following prostate artery embolization (PAE) in poor surgical candidates.MethodsPatients ineligible for surgical intervention were offered PAE after at least 1 month of IBC for management of urinary retention secondary to BPH; exclusion criteria for PAE included eligibility for surgery, active bladder cancer or known prostate cancer. Embolization technical and clinical success were defined as bilateral prostate embolization and removal of IBC, respectively. Patients were followed for at least 6 months and evaluated for International Prostate Symptom Score, quality of life, prostate size and uroflowmetric parameters.ResultsA total of 43 patients were enrolled; bilateral embolization was performed in 33 (76.7%), unilateral embolization was performed in 8 (18.6%), and two patients could not be embolized due to tortuous and atherosclerotic pelvic vasculature (4.7%). Among the patients who were embolized, mean prostate size decreased from 75.6 ± 33.2 to 63.0 ± 23.2 g (sign rank p = 0.0001, mean reduction of 19.6 ± 17.3%), and IBC removal was achieved in 33 patients (80.5%). Clavien II complications were reported in nine patients (21.9%) and included urinary tract infection (three patients, 7.3%) and recurrent acute urinary retention (six patients, 14.6%). Nine patients (22.0%) experienced post-embolization syndrome.ConclusionsPAE is a safe and feasible for the relief of LUTS and IBC in highly comorbid patients without surgical treatment options.

Cirrus Cloud Optical Thickness and Effective Diameter Retrieved by MODIS: Impacts of Single Habit Assumption, 3-D Radiative Effects, and Cloud Inhomogeneity

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Zhou, Yongbo; Sun, Xuejin; Mielonen, Tero; Li, Haoran; Zhang, Riwei; Li, Yan; Zhang, Chuanliang

2018-01-01

For inhomogeneous cirrus clouds, cloud optical thickness (COT) and effective diameter (De) provided by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) Collection 6 cloud products are associated with errors due to the single habit assumption (SHA), independent pixel assumption (IPA), photon absorption effect (PAE), and plane-parallel assumption (PPA). SHA means that every cirrus cloud is assumed to have the same shape habit of ice crystals. IPA errors are caused by three-dimensional (3D) radiative effects. PPA and PAE errors are caused by cloud inhomogeneity. We proposed a method to single out these different errors. These errors were examined using the Spherical Harmonics Discrete Ordinate Method simulations done for the MODIS 0.86 μm and 2.13 μm bands. Four midlatitude and tropical cirrus cases were studied. For the COT retrieval, the impacts of SHA and IPA were especially large for optically thick cirrus cases. SHA errors in COT varied distinctly with scattering angles. For the De retrieval, SHA decreased De under most circumstances. PAE decreased De for optically thick cirrus cases. For the COT and De retrievals, the dominant error source was SHA for overhead sun whereas for oblique sun, it could be any of SHA, IPA, and PAE, varying with cirrus cases and sun-satellite viewing geometries. On the domain average, the SHA errors in COT (De) were within -16.1%-42.6% (-38.7%-2.0%), whereas the 3-D radiative effects- and cloud inhomogeneity-induced errors in COT (De) were within -5.6%-19.6% (-2.9%-8.0%) and -2.6%-0% (-3.7%-9.8%), respectively.

Contamination of phthalate esters, organochlorine pesticides and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in agricultural soils from the Yangtze River Delta of China.

Science.gov (United States)

Sun, Jianteng; Pan, Lili; Zhan, Yu; Lu, Hainan; Tsang, Daniel C W; Liu, Wenxin; Wang, Xilong; Li, Xiangdong; Zhu, Lizhong

2016-02-15

To reveal the pollution status associated with rapid urbanization and economic growth, extensive areas of agricultural soils (approximately 45,800 km(2)) in the Yangtze River Delta of China were investigated with respect to selected endocrine disruptor compounds (EDCs), including phthalate esters (PAEs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The residues of sum of 15 PAEs, sum of 15 OCPs and sum of 13 PBDEs were in the range of 167-9370 ng/g, 1.0-3520 ng/g, and usage and recent input. Agricultural plastic film was considered to be an important source of PAEs. Discharge from furniture industry was potential major source of PBDEs in this region. The selected pollutants showed quite different spatial distributions within the studied region. It is worth noting that much higher concentrations of the EDCs were found on the borders between Shanghai and the two neighboring provinces, where agriculture and industry developed rapidly in recent years. Contaminants from both agricultural and industrial activities made this area a pollution hotspot, which should arouse more stringent regulation to safeguard the environment and food security. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Plant-expressed pyocins for control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

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Šarūnas Paškevičius

Full Text Available The emergence, persistence and spread of antibiotic-resistant human pathogenic bacteria heralds a growing global health crisis. Drug-resistant strains of gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are especially dangerous and the medical and economic burden they impose underscore the critical need for finding new antimicrobials. Recent studies have demonstrated that plant-expressed bacteriocins of the colicins family can be efficient antibacterials against all major enteropathogenic strains of E. coli. We extended our studies of colicin-like bacteriocins to pyocins, which are produced by strains of P. aeruginosa for ecological advantage against other strains of the same species. Using a plant-based transient expression system, we expressed six different pyocins, namely S5, PaeM, L1, L2, L3 and one new pyocin, PaeM4, and purified them to homogeneity. Among these pyocins, PaeM4 demonstrated the broadest spectrum of activity by controlling 53 of 100 tested clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. The activity of plant-made pyocins was confirmed in the agar drop, liquid culture susceptibility and biofilm assays, and in the Galleria mellonella animal infection model.

Positron spectroscopy of 2D materials using an advanced high intensity positron beam

Science.gov (United States)

McDonald, A.; Chirayath, V.; Lim, Z.; Gladen, R.; Chrysler, M.; Fairchild, A.; Koymen, A.; Weiss, A.

An advanced high intensity variable energy positron beam(~1eV to 20keV) has been designed, tested and utilized for the first coincidence Doppler broadening (CDB) measurements on 6-8 layers graphene on polycrystalline Cu sample. The system is capable of simultaneous Positron annihilation induced Auger electron Spectroscopy (PAES) and CDB measurements giving it unparalleled sensitivity to chemical structure at external surfaces, interfaces and internal pore surfaces. The system has a 3m flight path up to a micro channel plate (MCP) for the Auger electrons emitted from the sample. This gives a superior energy resolution for PAES. A solid rare gas(Neon) moderator was used for the generation of the monoenergetic positron beam. The positrons were successfully transported to the sample chamber using axial magnetic field generated with a series of Helmholtz coils. We will discuss the PAES and coincidence Doppler broadening measurements on graphene -Cu sample and present an analysis of the gamma spectra which indicates that a fraction of the positrons implanted at energies 7-60eV can become trapped at the graphene/metal interface. This work was supported by NSF Grant No. DMR 1508719 and DMR 1338130.

Teori-praksis i sygeplejerskeuddannelsen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bering Keiding, Tina

2008-01-01

differensteoretisk optik, som nok virker kompleks, emn som også tilbyder en betydelige kompleksitetsfølsomhed. Den kompleksitetsfølsomhed som Luhmann tilbyder, peger for det første på, at der må forventes forskelle mellem såvel intention og interaktion, som mellem forskellige interaktionssystemer. Og at denne...... interaktionelt, bidrager til uddannelsen at i hvert tilfælde at overveje om brudte forventninger skal justeres på niveauet for forventninger/intentioner, eller om ændringerne skal søges tilvejebragt i interaktionen. Artiklen bygger på et oplæg holdt på Fagligt Selskab for Undervisende Sygeplejerskers møde...

Aplicación del proceso de atención de enfermería en cuidados intensivos Aplicação do processo de atendimento de enfermaría em cuidados intensivos Intensive care unit nursing care process application

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Juan Guillermo Rojas

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Describir los factores relacionados con la aplicación del proceso de atención de enfermería (PAE y las taxonomías de diagnósticos, intervenciones y resultados esperados, en Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo -UCI- de Medellín. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal realizado en una muestra de 65 profesionales de enfermería de 12 UCI entre abril y junio de 2007. Se exploraron variables sociodemográficas y laborales, metodologías para el cuidado, aplicación del PAE y nivel de aptitud clínica; además del tipo de institución y existencia de registros de enfermería estructurados según la metodología. Resultados. Los profesionales son mujeres jóvenes con poca experiencia que cuidan realizando la valoración, planean con base en el diagnóstico médico y siguen los protocolos establecidos en las UCI. Manifiestan no aplicar el PAE - sin embargo, valoran, planean e intervienen y en menor medida formulan diagnósticos y evalúa-, tienen bajo nivel de aptitud clínica. Conclusión. Los profesionales de enfermería otorgan importancia al PAE como elemento que da identidad profesional, no obstante, no lo incorporan como metodología para el cuidado.Objetivo. Descrever os fatores relacionados com a aplicação do processo de atendimento de enfermagem (PAE e as taxonomias de diagnósticos, intervenções e resultados esperados, em Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo -UCI- de Medellín. Metodologia. Estudo de corte transversal realizado numa mostra de 65 profissionais de enfermagem de 12 UCI entre abril e junho de 2007. Exploraram-se variáveis sócio-demográficas e trabalhistas, metodologias para o cuidado, aplicação do PAE e nível de aptidão clínica; além do tipo de instituição e existência de registros de enfermaria estruturados segundo a metodologia. Resultados. Os profissionais são mulheres jovens com pouca experiência que cuidam realizando a valoração, planejam com base no diagnóstico médico e seguem os

Efeito de isolados de Paecilomyces lilacinus no desenvolvimento de cafezais e na população de Meloidogyne paranaensis Effect of isolates of Paecilomyces lilacinus on the development of coffee plantations and on the population of Meloidogyne paranaensis

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Marina Capparelli Cadioli

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Com a finalidade de diminuir as perdas causadas pelos nematóides do gênero Meloidogyne (Goeldi, 1887 na cultura do cafeeiro, dentre as diversas medidas de manejo, o controle biológico com o fungo Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom., 1910 Samson, 1974 se destaca como uma alternativa de controle vantajosa, quer dos pontos de vista ecológico ou econômico. Assim, neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a eficiência de 10 isolados de Paecilomyces lilacinus no controle de Meloidogyne paranaensis em cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L. cv. Icatú, em casa-de-vegetação. No experimento I, as mudas de cafeeiro foram transplantadas em solo onde foram, anteriormente, cultivados tomateiros para multiplicação de M. paranaensis mais 50 g de arroz colonizado com os 10 isolados. No segundo experimento, mudas de cafeeiro foram transplantadas para substrato solo e areia (1:1 juntamente com 50 g de arroz colonizado com os isolados. Em seguida, as mudas foram inoculadas com ± 5000 ovos de M. paranaensis. Nos dois experimentos, após 15 dias procedeu-se aplicação por cobertura de 50 g dos isolados. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado com 12 tratamentos. Após 90 dias, foram feitas as avaliações. Os isolados de P. lilacinus não afetaram o diâmetro do caule de cafeeiro. No experimento I, os isolados Pae 22, 24 e 28 promoveram o crescimento dos cafeeiros; todos os isolados reduziram a população de ovos no sistema radicular; e os isolados Pae 3 e 12 reduziram a população de J2 de M. paranaensis no solo. No experimento II, os isolados Pae 03, 10, 12 e 13 favoreceram o crescimento das plantas, mas reduziram o peso fresco do sistema radicular; todos os isolados reduziram a população de J2 no solo; e os isolados Pae 3, 10, 13, 18, 22 e 24 reduziram as malformações causadas por M. paranaensis nas raízes.In order to reduce the losses caused by nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne (Goeldi, 1887 in coffee plantation, among several management measures, biological

Comparative Study Using 100–300 Versus 300–500 μm Microspheres for Symptomatic Patients Due to Enlarged-BPH Prostates

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gonçalves, Octavio Meneghelli, E-mail: octaviogalvao@hotmail.com; Carnevale, Francisco Cesar, E-mail: francisco.carnevale@criep.com.br; Moreira, Airton Mota, E-mail: motamoreira@gmail.com [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Interventional Radiology Unit (Brazil); Antunes, Alberto Azoubel, E-mail: antunesuro@uol.com.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Division of Urology (Brazil); Rodrigues, Vanessa Cristina, E-mail: vanessapaular@yahoo.com.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Interventional Radiology Unit (Brazil); Srougi, Miguel, E-mail: srougi@terra.com.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Division of Urology (Brazil)

2016-10-15

PurposeThe purpose of the study was to compare safety and efficacy outcomes following prostate artery embolization (PAE) for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with 100–300 versus 300–500 μm tris-acryl gelatin microspheres.Materials and MethodsPatients were prospectively treated between August 2011 and June 2013 to receive PAE with 100–300 μm (group A) or 300–500 μm (group B) tris-acryl gelatin microspheres. Patients were followed for a minimum of 12 months and were assessed for changes in International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL) index, prostate volume determined by magnetic resonance imaging, serum prostate specific antigen (PSA), and maximum urine flow rate (Q{sub max}), as well as any treatment-related adverse events.ResultsFifteen patients were included in each group, and PAE was technically successful in all cases. Both groups experienced significant improvement in mean IPSS, QoL, prostate volume, PSA, and Q{sub max} (p < 0.05 for all). The differences observed between the two groups included a marginally insignificant more adverse events (p = 0.066) and greater mean serum PSA reduction at 3 months of follow-up (p = 0.056) in group A.ConclusionsBoth 100–300 and 300–500 μm microspheres are safe and effective embolic agents for PAE to treat LUTS-related to BPH. Although functional and imaging outcomes did not differ significantly following use of the two embolic sizes, the greater incidence of adverse events with 100–300 μm microspheres suggests that 300–500 μm embolic materials may be more appropriate.

Prostate Zonal Volumetry as a Predictor of Clinical Outcomes for Prostate Artery Embolization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Assis, André Moreira de, E-mail: andre.assis@criep.com.br, E-mail: andre.maa@gmail.com; Maciel, Macello Sampaio, E-mail: macielmjs@gmail.com; Moreira, Airton Mota, E-mail: airton.mota@criep.com.br; Paula Rodrigues, Vanessa Cristina de, E-mail: vanessapaular@yahoo.com.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Radiology Institute (Brazil); Antunes, Alberto Azoubel, E-mail: antunesuro@uol.com.br; Srougi, Miguel, E-mail: srougi@uol.com.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Urology Department (Brazil); Cerri, Giovanni Guido, E-mail: giovanni-cerri@uol.com.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Radiology Institute (Brazil); Carnevale, Francisco Cesar, E-mail: francisco.carnevale@criep.com.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Vascular and Interventional Radiology Unit, Radiology Institute (Brazil)

2017-02-15

PurposeTo determine prostate baseline zonal volumetry and correlate these findings with clinical outcomes for patients who underwent prostate artery embolization (PAE) for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Materials and MethodsThis is a retrospective study that included patients treated by PAE from 2010 to 2014. Baseline and 6-month follow-up evaluations included prostate MRI with whole prostate (WP) and central gland (CG) volume measurements—as well as prostate zonal volumetry index (ZVi) calculation, defined as the CG/WP volumes relation—the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and the Quality of life (QoL) index. Baseline WP, CG, and ZVi were statistical compared to IPSS and QoL values at 6 months.ResultsA total of 93 consecutive patients were included, with mean age of 63.4 years (range, 51–86). Clinical failure, defined as IPSS > 7 or QoL > 2, was seen in four cases (4.3%). Mean reductions in prostate volumes after PAE were of 30.6% and 31.2% for WP and CG, respectively (p < 0.0001). Clinical parameters had mean decrease from 21 to 3.3 points for IPSS, and from 4.7 to 1.2 points for QoL (p < 0.0001). Baseline WP, CG, and ZVi correlated to the degree of clinical improvement (p < 0.05 for all). The baseline ZVi cut-off calculated for better clinical outcomes was > 0.45, with 85% sensitivity and 75% specificity.ConclusionsBaseline CG and WP volumes as well as ZVi presented strong correlation with clinical outcomes in patients undergoing PAE, and its assessment should be considered in pre-treatment evaluation whenever possible. Both patients and medical team should be aware of the possibility of less favorable outcomes when ZVi < 0.45.

Comparative Study Using 100–300 Versus 300–500 μm Microspheres for Symptomatic Patients Due to Enlarged-BPH Prostates

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gonçalves, Octavio Meneghelli; Carnevale, Francisco Cesar; Moreira, Airton Mota; Antunes, Alberto Azoubel; Rodrigues, Vanessa Cristina; Srougi, Miguel

2016-01-01

PurposeThe purpose of the study was to compare safety and efficacy outcomes following prostate artery embolization (PAE) for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with 100–300 versus 300–500 μm tris-acryl gelatin microspheres.Materials and MethodsPatients were prospectively treated between August 2011 and June 2013 to receive PAE with 100–300 μm (group A) or 300–500 μm (group B) tris-acryl gelatin microspheres. Patients were followed for a minimum of 12 months and were assessed for changes in International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL) index, prostate volume determined by magnetic resonance imaging, serum prostate specific antigen (PSA), and maximum urine flow rate (Q_m_a_x), as well as any treatment-related adverse events.ResultsFifteen patients were included in each group, and PAE was technically successful in all cases. Both groups experienced significant improvement in mean IPSS, QoL, prostate volume, PSA, and Q_m_a_x (p < 0.05 for all). The differences observed between the two groups included a marginally insignificant more adverse events (p = 0.066) and greater mean serum PSA reduction at 3 months of follow-up (p = 0.056) in group A.ConclusionsBoth 100–300 and 300–500 μm microspheres are safe and effective embolic agents for PAE to treat LUTS-related to BPH. Although functional and imaging outcomes did not differ significantly following use of the two embolic sizes, the greater incidence of adverse events with 100–300 μm microspheres suggests that 300–500 μm embolic materials may be more appropriate.

Degradation of organic pollutants by methane grown microbial consortia.

Science.gov (United States)

Hesselsoe, Martin; Boysen, Susanne; Iversen, Niels; Jørgensen, Lars; Murrell, J Colin; McDonald, Ian; Radajewski, Stefan; Thestrup, Helle; Roslev, Peter

2005-10-01

Microbial consortia were enriched from various environmental samples with methane as the sole carbon and energy source. Selected consortia that showed a capacity for co-oxidation of naphthalene were screened for their ability to degrade methyl-tert-butyl-ether (MTBE), phthalic acid esters (PAE), benzene, xylene and toluene (BTX). MTBE was not removed within 24 h by any of the consortia examined. One consortium enriched from activated sludge ("AAE-A2"), degraded PAE, including (butyl-benzyl)phthalate (BBP), and di-(butyl)phthalate (DBP). PAE have not previously been described as substrates for methanotrophic consortia. The apparent Km and Vmax for DBP degradation by AAE-A2 at 20 degrees C was 3.1 +/- 1.2 mg l(-1) and 8.7 +/- 1.1 mg DBP (g protein x h)(-1), respectively. AAE-A2 also showed fast degradation of BTX (230 +/- 30 nmol benzene (mg protein x h)(-1) at 20 degrees C). Additionally, AAE-A2 degraded benzene continuously for 2 weeks. In contrast, a pure culture of the methanotroph Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b ceased benzene degradation after only 2 days. Experiments with methane mono-oxygenase inhibitors or competitive substrates suggested that BTX degradation was carried out by methane-oxidizing bacteria in the consortium, whereas the degradation of PAE was carried out by non-methanotrophic bacteria co-existing with methanotrophs. The composition of the consortium (AAE-A2) based on polar lipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles showed dominance of type II methanotrophs (83-92% of biomass). Phylogeny based on a 16S-rRNA gene clone library revealed that the dominating methanotrophs belonged to Methylosinus/Methylocystis spp. and that members of at least 4 different non-methanotrophic genera were present (Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Janthinobacterium and Rubivivax).

Prostate Zonal Volumetry as a Predictor of Clinical Outcomes for Prostate Artery Embolization

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Assis, André Moreira de; Maciel, Macello Sampaio; Moreira, Airton Mota; Paula Rodrigues, Vanessa Cristina de; Antunes, Alberto Azoubel; Srougi, Miguel; Cerri, Giovanni Guido; Carnevale, Francisco Cesar

2017-01-01

PurposeTo determine prostate baseline zonal volumetry and correlate these findings with clinical outcomes for patients who underwent prostate artery embolization (PAE) for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Materials and MethodsThis is a retrospective study that included patients treated by PAE from 2010 to 2014. Baseline and 6-month follow-up evaluations included prostate MRI with whole prostate (WP) and central gland (CG) volume measurements—as well as prostate zonal volumetry index (ZVi) calculation, defined as the CG/WP volumes relation—the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and the Quality of life (QoL) index. Baseline WP, CG, and ZVi were statistical compared to IPSS and QoL values at 6 months.ResultsA total of 93 consecutive patients were included, with mean age of 63.4 years (range, 51–86). Clinical failure, defined as IPSS > 7 or QoL > 2, was seen in four cases (4.3%). Mean reductions in prostate volumes after PAE were of 30.6% and 31.2% for WP and CG, respectively (p < 0.0001). Clinical parameters had mean decrease from 21 to 3.3 points for IPSS, and from 4.7 to 1.2 points for QoL (p < 0.0001). Baseline WP, CG, and ZVi correlated to the degree of clinical improvement (p < 0.05 for all). The baseline ZVi cut-off calculated for better clinical outcomes was > 0.45, with 85% sensitivity and 75% specificity.ConclusionsBaseline CG and WP volumes as well as ZVi presented strong correlation with clinical outcomes in patients undergoing PAE, and its assessment should be considered in pre-treatment evaluation whenever possible. Both patients and medical team should be aware of the possibility of less favorable outcomes when ZVi < 0.45.

Factores que determinan la aplicación del proceso de enfermería en instituciones hospitalarias de Villavicencio, Colombia, 2008 Fatores que determinam a aplicação do processo de enfermagem em instituições hospitalares de Villavicencio, Colômbia, 2008 Factors that determine the application of nursing processes in hospitals in Villavicencio, Colombia, 2008

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ÓSCAR GUTIÉRREZ LESMES

2009-07-01

Full Text Available El proceso de atención en enfermería (PAE es la herramienta científica para dar cuidado con calidad. Objetivo: describir el uso del PAE por los enfermeros de cuatro instituciones hospitalarias para brindar cuidado a los pacientes y los factores que influyen en el uso del mismo. Metodología: estudio transversal, descriptivo, exploratorio, mediante una entrevista estandarizada, previo consentimiento informado, a 48 enfermeros. El análisis estadístico se realizó con Microsoft Excel y SPSS V. 12. Se calcularon parámetros descriptivos y estimación de riesgo. Conclusiones: los resultados evidenciaron que la falta de tiempo durante el turno (OR: 6,53 IC 95% 1,41-30,26, p 0,022, dedicarse a la administración de medicamentos (OR: 11,57 IC 95% 1,172; 114,26, p: 0,037 y llevar más de 4 años en el ejercicio profesional (OR: 10,1 IC 95% 1,260; 79,33, p: 0,052 son factores determinantes para la no aplicación del PAE, y saber cómo realizarlo (OR: ,029 IC 95% ,002; ,388, p: ,004 es un factor determinante para su aplicación. Solo tres enfermeros de cada 10 aplican el PAE para brindar cuidado a los pacientes. Los resultados señalan el estado de la enfermería como profesión en clínica, la calidad del cuidado que están recibiendo los pacientes y la posibilidad de aparición de eventos adversos. Se recomienda adelantar estudios sobre este tema y fortalecer la formación sobre PAE tanto de los enfermeros en servicio como de los estudiantes de pregrado.O processo de atenção em enfermagem (PAE é a ferramenta científica para prover cuidado com qualidade. Objetivo: descrever o uso do PAE pelos enfermeiros de quatro instituições hospitalares para prover cuidado aos pacientes e os fatores que incidem sobre seu uso. Metodologia: estudo transversal, descritivo, exploratório, mediante uma entrevista padronizada, prévio consentimento informado, a 48 enfermeiros. A análise estatística foi realizada com Microsoft Excel e SPSS V. 12. Calcularam

THE PRICE ON THE ORGANIC PRODUCT MARKET

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ATĂNĂSOAIE GEORGE SEBASTIAN

2013-08-01

Full Text Available The main objective of this paper is to present prices on PAE market (PAE- organic foods market. Prices areanalyzed in terms of importance and the main factors that contribute to their establishment (quality of products,distribution channels, certification and eco-labeling system, customer segments and market development stage.The paper shows that are used three strategic options of prices: prices with high rigidity located in a low or highlevel and fluctuating prices, characterized by variations on short periods of time. Price is a very importantbarrier to market development but this importance can be mitigated through appropriate communicationpolicies with the market, which are essential especially for markets in early stages of development

Vestlus = Conversation / Tiit Sild ; intervjueerinud Kaja Pae

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Sild, Tiit, 1977-

2011-01-01

Tartu linnaarhitektiga linnaplaneerimisest Tartus, osapoolte läbirääkimistest planeerimisprotsessis, lühidalt pärast Tartu linnafoorumit linnavalitsuse algatatud "Tartu linna ülikoolide, rakenduskõrgkoolide ja TÜ Kliinikumi ruumilise arengu" teemaplaneeringust

Vestlus = Conversation / Toomas Paaver ; intervjueerinud Kaja Pae

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Paaver, Toomas, 1976-

2011-01-01

Kõige tarvilikumad ja võimalikumad viisid väikelinnade ruumiga tegelemiseks. Ühistranspordi ühendusi tuleks käsitleda üleriigilise avaliku ruumi olulise osana. Linnaäärtega tegelemisest, kvaliteetsete linnaservade loomisest. Planeerimise kvaliteedist, kultuursusest, loomingulisusest ja seadusandlusest

Internet video - teknik og pædagogik mødes på nettet

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dorte Sidelmann Jørgensen

2004-05-01

Full Text Available

Første gang publiceret i UNEV nr. 3: Internet Video: Teknik og pædagogik mødes på nettet, april - juni 2004, red. Jens Dørup. ISSN 1603-5518.

I nærværende UNEV tema som omhandler universiteternes brug af digital video tegnes en status over dette nye medies anvendelse rundt om i landet. En række af de flittigste brugere, som også har været iblandt de første på området, fortæller om deres praktiske erfaringer, som naturligt nok har været af både teknologisk og pædagogisk art. Som universitetsundervisere og forskere er vi vandt til et relativt lavt budget, og vi har måttet klare mange teknologiske opgaver uden professionel hjælp. Til gengæld stimulerer denne situation underviseren til at inddrage pædagogiske og teknologiske aspekter samtidigt, når videomediet og det nye potentialer skal afprøves og implementeres. Som læringsmedie adskiller Internet video sig på mange måder fra TV og analoge videobånd. De indlysende forskelle – om mulighederne for uafhængighed af tid og sted – kan snart erkendes og beskrives, men erfaringerne tyder på at disse forskelle, når det gælder om at stimulere læringen, måske er mindre betydningsfulde end mulighederne for at indarbejde, forankre og samvirke netbaseret video med øvrige læringsaktiviteter. Det aktuelle tema viser at de tekniske muligheder er tilgængelige og at vi mange steder er kommet godt i gang, men også at der er langt igen før danske universiteter til fulde har lært at udnytte potentialerne i digital video.

Positron Annihilation Induced Auger and Gamma Spectroscopy of Catalytically Important Surfaces

Science.gov (United States)

Weiss, A. H.; Nadesalingam, M. P.; Sundaramoorthy, R.; Mukherjee, S.; Fazleev, N. G.

2006-10-01

The annihilation of positrons with core electrons results in unique signatures in the spectra of Auger-electron and annihilation-gamma rays that can be used to make clear chemical identification of atoms at the surface. Because positrons implanted at low energies are trapped with high efficiency in the image-correlation well where they are localized just outside the surface it is possible to use annihilation induced Auger and Gamma signals to probe the surfaces of solids with single atomic layer depth resolution. In this talk we will report recent applications of Positron Annihilation Induced Auger Electron Spectroscopy (PAES) and Auger-Gamma Coincidence Spectroscopy (AGCS) to the study of surface structure and surface chemistry. Our research has demonstrated that PAES spectra can provide new information regarding the composition of the top-most atomic layer. Applications of PAES to the study of catalytically important surfaces of oxides and wide band-gap semiconductors including TiO2, SiO2,Cu2O, and SiC will be presented. We conclude with a discussion of the use of Auger-Gamma and Gamma-Gamma coincidence spectroscopy for the study of surfaces at pressures closer to those found in practical chemical reactors. Research supported by the Welch Foundation Grant Number Y-1100.

Study of surface layer assessment of solids by ultra-slow and short-pulsed positron beams

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Suzuki, Ryouichi; Ohdaira, Toshiyuki; Mikado, Tomohisa; Yamada, Kawakatsu

2004-01-01

Thin films of insulators with low dielectric constant, as a candidate for next generation LSI (large scale integration), were assessed by two dimensional positron life time and wave height measurements using variable incident energy and also short pulsed positron beams. Linkages and openness of nano-scale voids in the films were evaluated by the measurements. Amorphous SiO 2 films were compared with SiCOH films synthesized by plasma CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) by measurements of the correlation between positron lifetime and momentum using short-pulsed positron beams. From the measurements, many hydrocarbons were found on void surface of SiCOH films. Positron lifetime measurement gives information about void sizes, and Doppler broadening due to annihilation γ-rays offers electron momentum distribution, which is a counterpart of positron annihilation. Two γ-rays are emitted on the positron annihilation. Coincident measurements of these two γ-rays provide the correlation spectra between positron lifetime and momentum. An instrument for positron annihilation excitation Auger electron spectroscopy (PAES) was improved, and a time-of-flight (TOF) PAES instrument was developed. Double counting rate and high resolution, compared with a conventional Auger electron spectrometer, were attained in elementary analysis using above TOF-PAES instrument. (Y. Kazumata)

A Systematic Review of Prostatic Artery Embolization in the Treatment of Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kuang, Michelle; Vu, Anthony [McMaster University, Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine (Canada); Athreya, Sriharsha, E-mail: sathreya@stjoes.ca [St. Joseph’s Healthcare (Canada)

2017-05-15

PurposeTo summarize current evidence on outcomes and complications of prostatic artery embolization as a treatment for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia.Methods and MaterialsA database search of MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library was performed for published literature up to August 2015 concerning PAE in the treatment of BPH. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied by two independent reviewers, and disagreements were resolved by consensus. Peer-reviewed studies concerning PAE with BPH with a sample size >10 and at least one measured parameter were included.ResultsThe search yielded 193 articles, of which ten studies representing 788 patients, with a mean age of 66.97 years, were included. Patients had LUTS ranging from moderate to severe. At 6 months following procedure, PV, PVR, Qmax, IPSS, and QoL were significantly improved (P < 0.05), while for PSA there was no significant change. At 12 and 24 months, PV, PSA, PVR, Qmax, IPSS, and QoL were significantly improved (P < 0.05). IIEF was unchanged at 6 and 12 months but was significantly reduced at 24 months.ConclusionThis suggests that PAE is effective in treating LUTS in the short and intermediate term.

Monitoring and removal of residual phthalate esters and pharmaceuticals in the drinking water of Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Gordon C C; Yen, Chia-Heng; Wang, Chih-Lung

2014-07-30

This study monitored the occurrence and removal efficiencies of 8 phthalate esters (PAEs) and 13 pharmaceuticals present in the drinking water of Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. The simultaneous electrocoagulation and electrofiltration (EC/EF) process was used to remove the contaminants. To this end, a monitoring program was conducted and a novel laboratory-prepared tubular carbon nanofiber/carbon/alumina composite membrane (TCCACM) was incorporated into the EC/EF treatment module (collectively designated as "TCCACM-EC/EF treatment module") to remove the abovementioned compounds from water samples. The monitoring results showed that the concentrations of PAEs were lower in water samples from drinking fountains as compared with tap water samples. No significant differences were found between the concentrations of pharmaceuticals in the two types of water samples. Under optimal operating conditions, the TCCACM-EC/EF treatment module yielded the lowest residual concentrations, ranging from not detected (ND) to 52ng/L for PAEs and pharmaceuticals of concern in the tap water samples. Moreover, the performance of the TCCACM-EC/EF treatment module is comparable with a series of treatment units employed for the drinking fountain water treatment system. The relevant removal mechanisms involved in the TCCACM-EC/EF treatment module were also discussed in this work. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The effects of active commuting by bike on cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition in healthy, sedentary and overweight adults -A randomized controlled trial

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kjerulf, Nicolas; Nielsen, Susanne Grøn

-kredsløb spirometrisk system (Oxycon Pro, Jaeger). Fedtmasse (FM), procent android fedtmasse (%AFM) og fedtfri masse (FFM) blev målt med dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), og analyseret justeret for baseline værdier med kovarians analyse. Effekten blev angivet som forskelle mellem grupperne. Resultater: I BIKE...... gennemførte 18 (51%) interventionen, og 17 blev inkluderet i analysen sammen med 16 i CON. Den gennemsnitlige V̇O2maxR øgning i BIKE var 402 ml O2/min (95% CI: 197-606), svarende til 16%. Den gennemsnitlige reduktion i FM var 4.9 kg (95% CI: 1.8 to 7.9) uden samtidigt tab af FFM. AFM reduceredes 4% (95% CI: 1...

Mønsterdannelser i fire farver

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

2011-01-01

MØNSTERDANNELSER I FIRE FARVER Per Møldrup Enhver synsoplevet farve kan beskrives ved kun fire af de seks eksisterende basale farvefornemmelser, nemlig hvidhed(w) og sorthed(s) sammen med to kulørte, (c), som kun kan være gulhed(y)+rødhed(r), rødhed(r)+blåhed(b), blåhed(b)+grønhed(g) eller grønhed......(g)+gulhed(y) - grundlaget for NCS, Natural Colour System, hvor farveordningen er 'naturlig' efter indbyrdes største ligheder og mindste forskelle - visuelt vurderede. Som demonstreret på udstillingen i '08 kan min alternative beskrivelsessystematik, hvor de fire forskellige indgående farvefornemmelser 'rangordnes' i deres...

A permanência escolar e suas relações com a política de assistência estudantil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gleice Emerick de Oliveira

2015-11-01

Full Text Available This article aims to investigate the permanence of students from Professional Technical Education at Secondary Level (EPTNM integrated to high school and its relations with the Student Assistance Policy (PAE of Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais (CEFET -MG, Brazil. It has qualitative approach using the technical procedure of case study and, for data collection, questionnaires and interviews with scholarship students of the Scholarship Program of this educational institution and managers of the Department of Student Policies (SPE. Results show that students of CEFET-MG EPTNM receiving financial support do not attach the receipt of grants academic achievement. According to them, there are two aspects that are important for their stay in this institution: the availability, provided by the financial support, which allows exclusive dedication to studies and the social prestige of the institution that awakens the hope of a promising future, especially concerning the qualification for the world of work. The SPE managers sign the challenges of PAE, particularly those related to the expansion of students' rights and enforcing targets for program management. They also allude to the importance for PAE to no longer be a government policy but a State policy instead. Este artigo tem o objetivo de investigar a permanência escolar dos estudantes da Educação Profissional Técnica de Nível Médio (EPTNM na forma integrada ao ensino médio e suas relações com a Política de Assistência Estudantil (PAE do Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais (CEFET-MG, Brasil. Possui abordagem metodológica qualitativa utilizando-se do procedimento técnico de estudo de caso, empregando, no levantamento de dados, questionários e entrevistas com estudantes bolsistas do Programa de Bolsas dessa instituição de ensino e com os gestores da Secretaria de Políticas Estudantis (SPE. A análise dos dados relativos à perman

Pommipanija protsess algab täna uuesti uue kohtuniku ja kaitsjaga / Signe Kalberg

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kalberg, Signe, 1959-

2007-01-01

Pae tänava pommiplahvatustes süüdistatava Märt Ringmaa kohtuasjast, milles uue kohtukoosseisu tõttu (kohtunik Katre Poljakova ja kaitsja Urmas Simon) alustatakse kohtulikku uurimist algusest peale

Tallinn - eto nash s vami gorod / Leivi Sher

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Šer, Leivi, 1941-

2007-01-01

Linnavolikogu valis 5. aprillil Tallinna linnapeaks Keskerakonna esimehe Edgar Savisaare. Rääkides ees ootavatest ülesannetest, loetles E. Savisaar ئ Vabaduse väljaku uuendamine, Kopli liinid, Pae park

Prostatic Artery Embolization for Enlarged Prostates Due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. How I Do It

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Carnevale, Francisco C.; Antunes, Alberto A.

2013-01-01

Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) has emerged as an alternative to surgical treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Patient selection and refined technique are essential for good results. Urodynamic evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging are very important and technical limitations are related to elderly patients with tortuous and atherosclerotic vessels, anatomical variations, difficulty visualizing and catheterizing small diameter arteries feeding the prostate, and the potential risk of bladder and rectum ischemia. The use of small-diameter hydrophilic microcatheters is mandatory. Patients can be treated safely by PAE with low rates of side effects, reducing prostate volume with clinical symptoms and quality of life improvement without urinary incontinence, ejaculatory disorders, or erectile dysfunction. A multidisciplinary approach with urologists and interventional radiologists is essential to achieve better results

Prostatic Artery Embolization for Enlarged Prostates Due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. How I Do It

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carnevale, Francisco C., E-mail: fcarnevale@uol.com.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Interventional Radiology Unit (Brazil); Antunes, Alberto A., E-mail: antunesuro@uol.com.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Division of Urology (Brazil)

2013-12-15

Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) has emerged as an alternative to surgical treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Patient selection and refined technique are essential for good results. Urodynamic evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging are very important and technical limitations are related to elderly patients with tortuous and atherosclerotic vessels, anatomical variations, difficulty visualizing and catheterizing small diameter arteries feeding the prostate, and the potential risk of bladder and rectum ischemia. The use of small-diameter hydrophilic microcatheters is mandatory. Patients can be treated safely by PAE with low rates of side effects, reducing prostate volume with clinical symptoms and quality of life improvement without urinary incontinence, ejaculatory disorders, or erectile dysfunction. A multidisciplinary approach with urologists and interventional radiologists is essential to achieve better results.

A 500-600 MHz GaN power amplifier with RC-LC stability network

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Xinyu; Duan, Baoxing; Yang, Yintang

2017-08-01

A 500-600 MHz high-efficiency, high-power GaN power amplifier is designed and realized on the basis of the push-pull structure. The RC-LC stability network is proposed and applied to the power amplifier circuit for the first time. The RC-LC stability network can significantly reduce the high gain out the band, which eliminates the instability of the power amplifier circuit. The developed power amplifier exhibits 58.5 dBm (700 W) output power with a 17 dB gain and 85% PAE at 500-600 MHz, 300 μs, 20% duty cycle. It has the highest PAE in P-band among the products at home and abroad. Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (No. 2014CB339901).

Registerstudie om amtslige forskelle i indlaeggelser af børn med astma og bronkitis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Moth, Grete; Schiøtz, Peter Oluf

2006-01-01

INTRODUCTION: In Denmark, asthma is the most widespread chronic childhood disease, imposing great demands on the health services. Considerable variations exist among Danish counties with respect to the percentage of asthmatic children treated by general practitioners and paediatric specialists, w...

Positron probes of the Ge(1 0 0) surface: The effects of surface reconstructions and electron-positron correlations on positron trapping and annihilation characteristics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fazleev, N.G.; Jung, E.; Weiss, A.H.

2007-01-01

Positron annihilation induced Auger electron spectroscopy (PAES) has been applied to study the Ge(1 0 0) surface. The high-resolution PAES spectrum from the Ge(1 0 0) surface displays several strong Auger peaks corresponding to M 4,5 N 1 N 2,3 , M 2,3 M 4,5 M 4,5 , M 2,3 M 4,5 V and M 1 M 4,5 M 4,5 Auger transitions. The integrated peak intensities of Auger transitions are used to obtain experimental annihilation probabilities for the Ge 3d and 3p core level electrons. These experimental results are analyzed by performing calculations of positron surface states and annihilation characteristics of surface trapped positrons with relevant Ge core-level electrons for the non-reconstructed and reconstructed Ge(1 0 0)-p(2 x 1), Ge(1 0 0)-p(2 x 2) and Ge(1 0 0)-c(4 x 2) surfaces. It is found that the positron surface state wave function extends into the Ge lattice in the regions where atoms are displaced from their ideal terminated positions due to reconstructions. Estimates of the positron binding energy and the positron annihilation characteristics reveal their sensitivity to the specific atomic structure of the topmost layers of Ge(1 0 0). A comparison with PAES data reveals an agreement with theoretical core annihilation probabilities for the Auger transitions considered

Using Preferred Attribute Elicitation to Determine How Males and Females Evaluate Beer.

Science.gov (United States)

Muggah, Elizabeth M; McSweeney, Matthew B

2017-08-01

The variety of beers available for consumption has increased due to the recent emergence of many craft brewing operations and it has been suggested that this is affecting how consumers evaluate beer. Currently, beer consumers are mostly male and only 20% of women are primarily beer drinkers. The main objective of this project is to compare and contrast descriptions of beer products created by males and females. The preferred attribute elicitation (PAE) method was used to create a description of 4 beers common to residents of Nova Scotia, Canada. Four PAE sessions were held: 2 sessions consisted of females (n = 16 and 15) and 2 sessions of males (n = 11 and 17). Four beer samples were chosen from locally available commercial beers, 2 of these samples were considered to be craft-brewed beer and the other samples were nationally available brands (macrobrewed). Both the males and females generated descriptions that included 5 identical terms; however, they differed in the importance they assigned to each attribute. Notably, bitterness was perceived to be of more importance to female panelists. Throughout all PAE sessions, the craft-brewed beers were associated with considerably more sensory attributes than the macrobrewed beers. It can be concluded that both the female and male groups found discernible differences between the craft and macrobrewed beers; however, they place importance on different sensory attributes. © 2017 Institute of Food Technologists®.

Carboxylesterase-involved metabolism of di-n-butyl phthalate in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) seedlings.

Science.gov (United States)

Lin, Qingqi; Chen, Siyuan; Chao, Yuanqing; Huang, Xiongfei; Wang, Shizhong; Qiu, Rongliang

2017-01-01

Uptake and accumulation by plants is a significant pathway in the migration and transformation of phthalate esters (PAEs) in the environment. However, limited information is available on the mechanisms of PAE metabolism in plants. Here, we investigated the metabolism of di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), one of the most frequently detected PAEs, in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) seedlings via a series of hydroponic experiments with an initial concentration of 10 mg L -1 . DnBP hydrolysis occurred primarily in the root, and two of its metabolites, mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) and phthalic acid (PA), were detected in all plant tissues. The MnBP concentration was an order of magnitude higher than that of PA in shoots, which indicated MnBP was more readily transported to the shoot than was PA because of the former's dual hydrophilic and lipophilic characteristics. More than 80% of MnBP and PA were located in the cell water-soluble component except that 96% of MnBP was distributed into the two solid cellular fractions (i.e., cell wall and organelles) at 96 h. A 13-20% and 29-54% increase of carboxylesterase (CXE) activity shown in time-dependent and concentration-dependent experiments, respectively, indicated the involvement of CXEs in plant metabolism of DnBP. The level of CXE activity in root subcellular fractions was in the order: the cell water-soluble component (88-94%) > cell wall (3-7%) > cell organelles (3-4%), suggesting that the cell water-soluble component is the dominant locus of CXE activity and also the domain of CXE-catalyzed hydrolysis of DnBP. The addition of triphenyl phosphate, a CXE inhibitor, led to 43-56% inhibition of CXE activity and 16-25% increase of DnBP content, which demonstrated the involvement of CXEs in plant metabolism of DnBP. This study contributes to our understanding of enzymitic mechanisms of PAE transformation in plants. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

APPROACH TO EPILEPSY IN CHILDHOOD

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Enrique

Cross Children's Hospital, accounting for over 60% of patients attending the pae- ... as electrolyte imbalance, hypoxia or infections. The attending physician ..... Difficult seizures to control. • May be .... favour since visual field defects were.

[Preliminary determination of organic pollutants in agricultural fertilizers].

Science.gov (United States)

Mo, Ce-hui; Li, Yun-hui; Cai, Quan-ying; Zeng, Qiao-yun; Wang, Bo-guang; Li, Hai-qin

2005-05-01

Organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in agricultural fertilizers are new problem deserved more study. Eight kinds of organic pollutants including 43 compounds classified as US EPA priority pollutants in twenty one agricultural fertilizers which were universally used in China were determined by Gas chromatography-mass spectrum (GC-MS). Three kinds of organic pollutants including more than 5 compounds were detected in most fertilizers, composing mainly of phthalic acid esters (PAEs), nitrobenzenes (NBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). There were 26 compounds detected in at least one fertilizer, five of them especially PAEs detected in most fertilizer and even in all fertilizers. Benzo(a)pyrene, a strongly carcinogenic compound was detected in two fertilizers. Higher concentrations of compounds were determined in those fertilizers such as multifunction compound fertilizers and coated fertilizers.

Bilateral Arterial Embolization of the Prostate Through a Single Prostatic Artery: A Case Series

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Amouyal, Gregory, E-mail: gregamouyal@hotmail.com; Pellerin, Olivier, E-mail: olivier.pellerin@aphp.fr; Giudice, Costantino Del, E-mail: costantino.delgiudice@aphp.fr [Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne - Paris - Cité, Faculté de Médecine (France); Déan, Carole, E-mail: carole.dean@aphp.fr [Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Interventional Radiology Department, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou (France); Thiounn, Nicolas, E-mail: nicolas.thiounn@aphp.fr; Sapoval, Marc, E-mail: marc.sapoval2@aphp.fr [Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne - Paris - Cité, Faculté de Médecine (France)

2017-05-15

Peri-prostatic shunts are frequent during PAE, carrying the risk of non-target embolization of penis/corpus cavernosum or rectum but also the potential advantage to irrigate the contralateral lobe. Sometimes, bilateral embolization is impossible, carrying the risk of limited clinical success. The possibility to reach contralateral prostatic territory from the ipsilateral prostatic artery (PA) and embolize it via peri/intra-prostatic anastomoses could be of interest in this situation. We describe a series of three consecutive patients (among 89 consecutive patients treated by PAE for symptomatic BPH) who underwent successful embolization of both prostatic lobes through catheterization of a PA on only one side. All patients had clinical success after a mean follow-up of 3.3 months. Dosimetry of these three procedures indicates that there may be radiation dose savings.

strong>Facebooks kommunikative rumstrong>

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tække, Jesper

I min ph.d.-afhandling, Mediesociografi, opstiller jeg en analysestrategi for at beskrive og analysere det sociale, set i lyset af det, eller de medier det baserer sig på. Afhandlingen bevæger sig mest på et sociologisk plan, men støtter sig på Medium Theory for at beskrive medier som mulighedssk......I min ph.d.-afhandling, Mediesociografi, opstiller jeg en analysestrategi for at beskrive og analysere det sociale, set i lyset af det, eller de medier det baserer sig på. Afhandlingen bevæger sig mest på et sociologisk plan, men støtter sig på Medium Theory for at beskrive medier som...... det følgende først præsentere de ni parametre kort og generelt, og derefter mere grundigt og specifikt anvende dem, til at iagttage Facebook. Jeg vil ikke i denne tekst gå ind i egentlige teoretiske forklaringer, men være lidt indforstået og refererende og først og fremmest bare beskrive og analysere...

Fungal Culture Test: MedlinePlus Lab Test Information

Science.gov (United States)

... MB, Paes RD, Schuback AO. Sporothrix schenckii and Sporotrichosis. Clin Microbial Rev [Internet]. 2011 Oct [cited 2017 ... Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Sporotrichosis [updated 2016 Aug 18; cited 2017 Oct 8]; [ ...

Physical Self-Concept and Physical Activity Enjoyment in Elementary School Children

Science.gov (United States)

Lohbeck, Annette; Tietjens, Maike; Bund, Andreas

2016-01-01

The present study examined gender differences and relationships of seven specific domains of physical self-concept (PSC) ("Strength," "Endurance," "Speed," "Flexibility," "Coordination," "Global Sport Competence," and "Appearance") and physical activity enjoyment (PAE) in 447…

F-band, High-Efficiency GaN Power Amplifier for the Scanning Microwave Limb Sounder and SOFIA, Phase I

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — QuinStar Technology proposes to develop a 4-watt Solid-State Power Amplifier (SSPA) operating at F-band (106-114 GHz) with a power-added efficiency (PAE) of greater...

Hospital staff should use more than one method to detect adverse events and potential adverse events: incident reporting, pharmacist surveillance and local real‐time record review may all have a place

Science.gov (United States)

Olsen, Sisse; Neale, Graham; Schwab, Kat; Psaila, Beth; Patel, Tejal; Chapman, E Jane; Vincent, Charles

2007-01-01

Background Over the past five years, in most hospitals in England and Wales, incident reporting has become well established but it remains unclear how well reports match clinical adverse events. International epidemiological studies of adverse events are based on retrospective, multi‐hospital case record review. In this paper the authors describe the use of incident reporting, pharmacist surveillance and local real‐time record review for the recognition of clinical risks associated with hospital inpatient care. Methodology Data on adverse events were collected prospectively on 288 patients discharged from adult acute medical and surgical units in an NHS district general hospital using incident reports, active surveillance of prescription charts by pharmacists and record review at time of discharge. Results Record review detected 26 adverse events (AEs) and 40 potential adverse events (PAEs) occurring during the index admission. In contrast, in the same patient group, incident reporting detected 11 PAEs and no AEs. Pharmacy surveillance found 10 medication errors all of which were PAEs. There was little overlap in the nature of events detected by the three methods. Conclusion The findings suggest that incident reporting does not provide an adequate assessment of clinical adverse events and that this method needs to be supplemented with other more systematic forms of data collection. Structured record review, carried out by clinicians, provides an important component of an integrated approach to identifying risk in the context of developing a safety and quality improvement programme. PMID:17301203

Positron probes of the Ge(1 0 0) surface: The effects of surface reconstructions and electron-positron correlations on positron trapping and annihilation characteristics

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fazleev, N.G. [Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019-0059 (United States) and Department of Physics, Kazan State University, Kazan 420008 (Russian Federation)]. E-mail: Fazleev@uta.edu; Jung, E. [Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019-0059 (United States); Weiss, A.H. [Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019-0059 (United States)

2007-08-15

Positron annihilation induced Auger electron spectroscopy (PAES) has been applied to study the Ge(1 0 0) surface. The high-resolution PAES spectrum from the Ge(1 0 0) surface displays several strong Auger peaks corresponding to M{sub 4,5}N{sub 1}N{sub 2,3}, M{sub 2,3}M{sub 4,5}M{sub 4,5}, M{sub 2,3}M{sub 4,5}V and M{sub 1}M{sub 4,5}M{sub 4,5} Auger transitions. The integrated peak intensities of Auger transitions are used to obtain experimental annihilation probabilities for the Ge 3d and 3p core level electrons. These experimental results are analyzed by performing calculations of positron surface states and annihilation characteristics of surface trapped positrons with relevant Ge core-level electrons for the non-reconstructed and reconstructed Ge(1 0 0)-p(2 x 1), Ge(1 0 0)-p(2 x 2) and Ge(1 0 0)-c(4 x 2) surfaces. It is found that the positron surface state wave function extends into the Ge lattice in the regions where atoms are displaced from their ideal terminated positions due to reconstructions. Estimates of the positron binding energy and the positron annihilation characteristics reveal their sensitivity to the specific atomic structure of the topmost layers of Ge(1 0 0). A comparison with PAES data reveals an agreement with theoretical core annihilation probabilities for the Auger transitions considered.

Prenatal alcohol exposure alters p35, CDK5 and GSK3β in the medial frontal cortex and hippocampus of adolescent mice

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Samantha L. Goggin

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs are the number one cause of preventable mental retardation. An estimated 2–5% of children are diagnosed as having a FASD. While it is known that children prenatally exposed to alcohol experience cognitive deficits and a higher incidence of psychiatric illness later in life, the pathways underlying these abnormalities remain uncertain. GSK3β and CDK5 are protein kinases that are converging points for a vast number of signaling cascades, including those controlling cellular processes critical to learning and memory. We investigated whether levels of GSK3β and CDK5 are affected by moderate prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE, specifically in the hippocampus and medial frontal cortex of the adolescent mouse. In the present work we utilized immunoblotting techniques to demonstrate that moderate PAE increased hippocampal p35 and β-catenin, and decreased total levels of GSK3β, while increasing GSK3β Ser9 and Tyr216 phosphorylation. Interestingly, different alterations were seen in the medial frontal cortex where p35 and CDK5 were decreased and increased total GSK3β was accompanied by reduced Tyr216 of the enzyme. These results suggest that kinase dysregulation during adolescence might be an important contributing factor to the effects of PAE on hippocampal and medial frontal cortical functioning; and by extension, that global modulation of these kinases may produce differing effects depending on brain region.

Prevention of congenital defects induced by prenatal alcohol exposure (Conference Presentation)

Science.gov (United States)

Sheehan, Megan M.; Karunamuni, Ganga; Pedersen, Cameron J.; Gu, Shi; Doughman, Yong Qiu; Jenkins, Michael W.; Watanabe, Michiko; Rollins, Andrew M.

2017-02-01

Nearly 2 million women in the United States alone are at risk for an alcohol-exposed pregnancy, including more than 600,000 who binge drink. Even low levels of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can lead to a variety of birth defects, including craniofacial and neurodevelopmental defects, as well as increased risk of miscarriages and stillbirths. Studies have also shown an interaction between drinking while pregnant and an increase in congenital heart defects (CHD), including atrioventricular septal defects and other malformations. We have previously established a quail model of PAE, modeling a single binge drinking episode in the third week of a woman's pregnancy. Using optical coherence tomography (OCT), we quantified intraventricular septum thickness, great vessel diameters, and atrioventricular valve volumes. Early-stage ethanol-exposed embryos had smaller cardiac cushions (valve precursors) and increased retrograde flow, while late-stage embryos presented with gross head/body defects, and exhibited smaller atrio-ventricular (AV) valves, interventricular septum, and aortic vessels. We previously showed that supplementation with the methyl donor betaine reduced gross defects, improved survival rates, and prevented cardiac defects. Here we show that these preventative effects are also observed with folate (another methyl donor) supplementation. Folate also appears to normalize retrograde flow levels which are elevated by ethanol exposure. Finally, preliminary findings have shown that glutathione, a crucial antioxidant, is noticeably effective at improving survival rates and minimizing gross defects in ethanol-exposed embryos. Current investigations will examine the impact of glutathione supplementation on PAE-related CHDs.

Radiological Findings of Prostatic Arterial Anatomy for Prostatic Arterial Embolization: Preliminary Study in 55 Chinese Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Guodong Zhang

Full Text Available To describe the prostatic arterial supply using Cone-beam computed tomography (CT and digital subtraction angiography (DSA before prostatic arterial embolization (PAE for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH.In a retrospective study from January 2012 to January 2014, 55 male patients (110 hemipelves with BPH who underwent PAE were evaluated by Cone-beam CT in addition to pelvic DSA during embolization planning. Each hemipelvis was evaluated regarding the number of prostatic arteries (PA and their origins, diameters, territorial perfusion, and anastomoses with adjacent arteries.A total of 114 PAs were identified in 110 hemipelves. There was one PA in 96.4% of the hemipelves (n=106, and two independent PAs in the other 3.6% (n=4. The PA was found to originate from the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery in 39.5% of cases (n=45 , from the superior vesical artery in 32.6% (n=37, and from the internal pudendal artery in 27.9% of cases (n=32. Extra-prostatic anastomoses between PA and adjacent arteries were found in 39.1% of hemipelves (n=43. Intra-prostatic anastomoses between PAs and contra-lateral prostatic branches were found in 61.8% of hemipelves (n=68. In 67.3% of our study population (n=37, the prostate was dominantly supplied via a unilateral PA.The prostatic vascularization is complex with frequent anatomic variations. Knowledge of the vascular anatomy of the prostate may provide indications for planning PAE and avoiding nontarget embolization.

Seasonal fate and gas/particle partitioning of semi-volatile organic compounds in indoor and outdoor air

Science.gov (United States)

Moreau-Guigon, Elodie; Alliot, Fabrice; Gaspéri, Johnny; Blanchard, Martine; Teil, Marie-Jeanne; Mandin, Corinne; Chevreuil, Marc

2016-12-01

Fifty-eight semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) were investigated simultaneously in three indoor (apartment, nursery and office building) and one outdoor environment in the centre of Paris (France). All of these compounds except tetrabromobisphenol A were quantified in the gaseous and particulate phases in all three environments, and at a frequency of 100% for the predominant compounds of each SVOC class. Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) were the most abundant group (di-iso-butyl phthalate: 29-661 ng m-3, diethyl phthalate: 15-542 ng m-3), followed by 4-nonylphenol (1.4-81 ng m-3), parabens (methylparaben: 0.03-2.5 ng m-3), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) (0.002-0.26 ng m-3) and pentachlorobenzene (PeCB) (0.001-0.23 ng m-3). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (as ∑8PAHs) ranged from 0.17 to 5.40 ng m-3, polychlorinated biphenyls (as ∑7PCBi) from 0.06 to 4.70 ng.m3 and polybromodiphenyl ethers (as ∑8PBDEs) from 0.002 to 0.40 ng m-3. For most pollutants, significantly higher concentrations were observed in the nursery compared to the apartment and office. Overall, the indoor air concentrations were up to ten times higher than outdoor air concentrations. Seasonal variations were observed for PAEs, PCBs and PAHs. SVOCs were predominantly identified in the gaseous phase (>90%), except for some high-molecular-weight PAEs, PAHs and PCBs.

DD-Amp for Deep Space Communications, Phase I

Data.gov (United States)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration — AlGaN/GaN MMICs on SiC substrates will be utilized to achieve Power Added Efficiencies (PAE) in excess of 60%. These wide band-gap solid-state semiconductors will be...

Reinforced Conductive Polyaniline-Paper Composites

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jinhua Yan

2015-05-01

Full Text Available A method for direct aniline interfacial polymerization on polyamideamine-epichlorohydrin (PAE-reinforced paper substrate is introduced in this paper. Cellulose-based papers with and without reinforcement were considered. The polyaniline (PANI-paper composites had surface resistivity lower than 100 Ω/sq after more than 3 polymerizations. Their mechanical strength and thermal stability were analyzed by tensile tests and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR results revealed that there was strong interaction between NH groups in aniline monomers and OH groups in fibers, which did not disappear until after 3 polymerizations. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM and field emission (FE SEM images showed morphological differences between composites using reinforced and untreated base papers. Conductive composites made with PAE-reinforced base paper had both good thermal stability and good mechanical strength, with high conductivity and a smaller PANI amount.

[Influence of Natural Dissolved Organic Matter on the Passive Sampling Technique and its Application].

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Shang-yun; Zhou, Yan-mei

2015-08-01

This paper studied the effects of different concentrations of natural dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the passive sampling technique. The results showed that the presence of DOM affected the organic pollutant adsorption ability of the membrane. For lgK(OW), 3-5, DOM had less impact on the adsorption of organic matter by the membrane; for lgK(OW), > 5.5, DOM significantly increased the adsorption capacity of the membrane. Meanwhile, LDPE passive sampling technique was applied to monitor PAHs and PAEs in pore water of three surface sediments in Taizi River. All of the target pollutants were detected in varying degrees at each sampling point. Finally, the quotient method was used to assess the ecological risks of PAHs and PAEs. The results showed that fluoranthene exceeded the reference value of the aquatic ecosystem, meaning there was a big ecological risk.

Underholdning, emotioner og identitet. Et mediepsykologisk perspektiv på underholdningspræferencer

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christian Jantzen

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Underholdning er mere end adspredelse og alt andet end tidsfordriv. Mennesker er motiverede for at lade sig underholde, fordi underholdning rummer kvaliteter, der er af væsentlig betydning for deres fysiske, psykiske og sociale velbefindende. Ved at identificere disse oplevelseskvaliteter vil artiklen for det første præcisere underholdningens emotionsregulerende og identitetskonstituerende funktioner. Men ikke alle mennesker motiveres af og er motiverede for samme type underholdning og samme oplevelseskvaliteter. Artiklen vil derfor for det andet vise, hvordan individuelle forskelle i motivation i vid udstrækning er begrundet i personlighedsmæssige forhold, der får individer til at foretrække bestemte oplevelseskvaliteter frem for andre. Denne redegørelse munder ud i en psykografisk segmenteringsmodel, som artiklen for det tredje søger at beskrive forskelle i underholdningspræferencer ud fra. Det er artiklens pointe, at underholdningsprogrammer kan fungere som segmentknusere ved at rumme oplevelseskvaliteter, der er relevante for forskellige segmenter. Entertainment, Emotions and Personality Analyzing Preferences for Media Entertainment from a Media Psychological Perspective Entertainment is far more than a simple pastime and anything but a waste of time. On the contrary we are as humans motivated towards entertainment, as entertainment offers distinct qualities crucial for our psychical, psychological and social well-being. By identifying such experiential qualities this paper aims firstly at defining how entertainment regulates emotions as well as constituting our identity. Not all people are however motivated by or are motivated towards the same type of entertainment and the same experiential qualities. Therefore this paper aims secondly at demonstrating how individual differences in motivation to a large degree stem from differences in personality, determining preferences for certain experiential qualities rather than others. This

Vtoroje dõhanije / Galina Balashova

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Balashova, Galina

2001-01-01

Ehtekunstnik Jaan Pärna projektist Meistrite hoov. Dolomiidi kasutamist kunstis kajastavast näitusest "Pae aeg" Meistrite hoovi galeriis. Kujundas Urve Küttner. Jaan Pärna, Urve Küttneri, Andrei Balashovi ja Helmet Raja töödest näitusel

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

2017-10-02

Programa. Puente in Chile and Oportunidades in Mexico (Paes-Sousa, Regalia ... De la Brière, 2007), and SCT at this stage comes in handy. ... lead to inclusion and exclusion errors, as they are able to target the right intended.

ONR D&I Electronics Technology Programs

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Moon, Jeong

2008-01-01

Program Status: One of the D&I program goals is to develop greatly improved field-plated MMW GaN HEMT devices with high ft/fmax, which will improve gain/PAE and output power of GaN HEMT MMIC PAs simultaneously...

Distributional patterns of the American Peiratinae (Heteroptera: Reduviidae)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Morrone, J.J.; Coscarón, del C M.

1996-01-01

Based on distributional data of 40 species of Peiratinae, historical relationships of five Amazonian areas (Paranaense, Atlantic, Pacific, Amazonian, and Cerrado) and two Chacoan areas (Chaco and Caatinga), were investigated through a parsimony analysis of endemicity (PAE). The resulting area

A Bacillus licheniformis pectin acetylesterase is specific for homogalacturonans acetylated at O-3

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Remoroza, C.A.; Wagenknecht, M.; Buchholt, H.C.; Moerschbacher, B.M.; Schols, H.A.; Gruppen, H.

2014-01-01

A recombinant acetylesterase from Bacillus licheniformis DSM13, belonging to carbohydrate esterase family 12, was purified and biochemically characterized. The purified enzyme, termed BliPAE, was capable of deacetylating acetylated pectins, e.g. sugar beet pectin (SBP). Contrary to its provisional

Veneetsiasse läheb teaduse ja kunsti ühendus

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

Veneetsia X arhitektuuribiennaalil esitletakse sotsiaalse positsioneerimise meetodi (SPM) ehk reaalajas toimuva linnaplaneerimise keskkonna projekti. Väljapaneku loojad on arhitektuuribüroo Urban Mark (Ülar Mark, Kaja Pae, Indrek Tiigi) ja Tartu Ülikooli geograafiainstituut (Rein Ahas, Anto Aasa, Siiri Silm)

Deficits in spatial learning and memory in adult mice following acute, low or moderate levels of prenatal ethanol exposure during gastrulation or neurulation.

Science.gov (United States)

Schambra, Uta B; Lewis, C Nicole; Harrison, Theresa A

2017-07-01

Debate continues on the merits of strictly limiting alcohol consumption during all of pregnancy, and whether "safe" consumption levels and/or times exist. Only a relatively few experimental studies have been conducted that limit the timing of exposure to specific events during development and the exposure level to one that might model sporadic, incidental drinking during pregnancy. In the present study, the effects of two acute gavage exposures to low and moderate levels of ethanol (peak blood ethanol concentrations (BEC) of 104 and 177mg/dl, respectively) either during gastrulation on gestational day (GD) 7 (at GD7:0h and GD7:4h) or during neurulation on GD8 (at GD8:6h and GD8:10h) on the spatial learning and memory abilities of adult mice in the radial arm maze (RAM) were examined. Mice were selected from a prenatal ethanol exposure (PAE) cohort that had been tested as neonates for their sensorimotor development (Schambra et al., 2015) and as juveniles and young adults for open field activity levels and emotionality (Schambra et al., 2016). Mice exposed on either of the two gestational days to acute, low or moderate levels of ethanol were deficient in overall performance in the RAM in adulthood. Importantly, mice in ethanol exposed groups took longer to reach criterion in the RAM, and many mice in these groups failed to do so after 48 trials when testing was terminated. Exposure to a low level of ethanol on either GD7 or GD8, or a moderate level on GD7, resulted in significant impairment in spatial reference (long-term) memory, while only mice exposed on GD7 to the low level of ethanol were significantly impaired in spatial working (short-term) memory. Mice exposed to the low ethanol level on either day had significantly shorter response latencies, which may reflect impairment of processes related to response inhibition or executive attention in these mice. For all measures, distributions of individual scores revealed a relatively small subset of mice in each PAE

HRM og innovation i vidensintensive virksomheder

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, Frances; Becker, Karen; Matthews, Judith

2010-01-01

Formålet med denne artikel er at identificere de HRM-praksisser, der understøtter innovation. Artiklen gennemgår kort den internationale litteratur, der er relevant for HRM og innovation i videnstunge virksomheder og bringer endvidere erfaringer fra fire case studier fra videnstunge virksomheder i...... Danmark og Australien, der alle er anerkendte for deres innovationskapacitet. Resultaterne fra dette studium indikerer, at mens der er fællestræk mellem HRM praksisser inden for traditionelle produktionsvirksomheder og videnstunge virksomheder, er der også vigtige forskelle især med hensyn til...... fremgangsmåder omkring bemanding. Artiklen bringer endvidere anbefalinger til HRM-ledelse i innovative videnstunge virksomheder og skitserer mulige veje for forskning for yderligere at udvikle vores forståelse for, hvordan HRM kan støtte innovation i videnstunge virksomheder....

Mentaliseringsbegrebet og dets arv fra Freuds begreb om binding

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Signe Holm

2011-01-01

Artiklen undersøger og diskuterer forskelle og ligheder mellem mentaliseringsbegrebet og Freuds bindingsbegreb. Begrebet mentalisering, som betegner en evne til at forholde sig refleksivt til egne og andres mentale tilstande, har indenfor de sidste fem- ti år vundet en central placering i klinisk...... psykologiske teoridannelser. Dets ophavsmænd Fonagy et al. forsøger imidlertid ikke at tage patent på begrebet, men peger på, at en række teoretikere har understreget betydningen af en refleksiv funktion. Alle disse begreber kan ifølge Fonagygruppen føres tilbage til Freuds begreb om binding. På baggrund af en...... udlægning af det oprindelige bindingsbegreb hos Freud, ønskes det i denne artikel at tydeliggøre den grundlæggende forskel på Freuds – og Fonagys subjektopfattelse....

Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women With Moderate to Severe Alcohol Consumption Is Related to Infant Developmental Outcomes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kirsten A. Donald

2018-06-01

Full Text Available IntroductionFetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD have an estimated global prevalence of 2–5% of births, but prevalence is reported to be as high as 15.5% for FASD in certain high-risk communities in South Africa. Preclinical studies demonstrate that alcohol consumption during pregnancy interferes with thyroid hormone availability and function and negatively impacts exposed offspring. Very little is currently reported on this phenomenon in humans.MethodsThis pilot study was embedded in the Drakenstein Child Health Study, a multi-disciplinary longitudinal birth cohort study investigating the early biological and psychosocial determinants of child health in South Africa. Twenty one mothers and their children with moderate–severe prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE and 19 mothers and their children with no alcohol exposure were investigated. Maternal exposure history and blood samples were collected in mid-pregnancy and analyzed for serum-free thyroxin (FT4, free triiodothyronine (FT3, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH. Children were assessed with formally measured growth parameters and development was evaluated using the Bayley III Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID III at 6 and 24 months of age.ResultsWhile there were no significant differences in serum TSH and FT4 between groups, FT3 levels were significantly higher in mothers with moderate–severe prenatal alcohol use. In abstinent pregnant women, levels of FT4 were significantly correlated with infants’ scores on cognitive measures at 6 and 24 months of age and with levels of gross motor skills at 24 months. However, in mothers with alcohol use, FT4 levels were not correlated with any cognitive or motor skills, but FT3 levels were significantly associated with scores on children’s social-emotional development at 24 months of age.DiscussionThyroid function in PAE is sufficiently disrupted to lead to alterations in serum FT3 levels. The contrast in findings between

The interrelation between clinical presentation and neurophysiology of posthypoxic myoclonus

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Zijl, Jonathan C.; Beudel, Martijn; de Jong, Bauke M.; van der Naalt, Joukje; Zutt, Rodi; Lange, Fiete; van den Bergh, Walter M.; Elting, Jan-Willem J.; Tijssen, Marina A. J.

ObjectivePosthypoxic myoclonus (PHM) in the first few days after resuscitation can be divided clinically into generalized and focal (uni- and multifocal) subtypes. The former is associated with a subcortical origin and poor prognosis in patients with postanoxic encephalopathy (PAE), and the latter

Kujundame roosiaeda / Mart Ojasalu

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ojasalu, Mart

2004-01-01

5 ill.: Aleksander Niine kavandatud massiivsete paesõõridega Jäneda rosaarium, väänroos "Climbing Queen" kaarväraval Rosmakori roosiaias Harjumaal, väänroosi "Coral Dawn" toetab Jäneda pargis karprauast püramiid, roosipeenar Marzahni puhkepargis Berliinis

Heterodimerization with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) is necessary for VEGFR-3 activity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Alam, Antoine; Herault, Jean-Pascal; Barron, Pauline; Favier, Benoit; Fons, Pierre; Delesque-Touchard, Nathalie; Senegas, Isabelle; Laboudie, Patricia; Bonnin, Jacques; Cassan, Cecile; Savi, Pierre; Ruggeri, Bruce; Carmeliet, Peter; Bono, Francoise; Herbert, Jean-Marc

2004-01-01

VEGFR-3 is essential for vascular development and maintenance of lymphatic vessel's integrity. Little is known about its cooperative effect with other receptors of the same family. Contrary to VEGFR-2, stimulation of VEGFR-3 by VEGF-C and -D failed to enhance its phosphorylation either in HEK293T or in PAE cells. These ligands were unable to induce angiogenesis of PAEC expressing VEGFR-3 alone. In the presence of VEGFR-2, VEGF-C and -D induced heterodimerization of VEGFR-3 with VEGFR-2. This heterodimerization was associated with enhanced VEGFR-3 phosphorylation and subsequent cellular responses as evidenced by the formation of capillary-like structures in PAE cells and proliferation of primary human endothelial cells expressing both receptors. Taken together, these results show for the first time that VEGFR-3 needs to be associated to VEGFR-2 to induce ligand-dependent cellular responses

The social media: its impact on a vascular surgery practice.

Science.gov (United States)

Turnipseed, William D

2013-04-01

Social media has revolutionized interpersonal communication and has become a commonly used public informational resource. This study evaluates the impact of intranet informatics on a specialty practice of vascular surgery. Referral patterns for patients with chronic compartment syndrome (CCS) and popliteal entrapment syndrome (PAES) between 2008 and 2011 were analyzed. Demographics included referral source (physicians, nonphysicians), media resource, and case volume change. Prior to 2008, referrals came from local or regional sports medicine practices (100%). Since 2008 this pattern has changed; local/regional (80%), national (15%), and international (5%). Physician referrals dropped from 97% to 70%, and nonphysician referrals increased from 3% to 30%. Both CCS procedures and PAES procedures increased as remote geographic and public referrals increased. Referral change was associated with social media searches using applications such as PubMed and Google. Social media is an evolving source of medical information and patient referrals which physicians should cautiously embrace.

Analytical study of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in leachate treatment process of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill sites.

Science.gov (United States)

Asakura, Hiroshi; Matsuto, Toshihiko; Tanaka, Nobutoshi

2007-01-01

Influent and processed water were sampled at different points in the leachate treatment facilities of five municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill sites. Then, the concentrations of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), namely, alkylphenols (APs), bisphenol A (BPA), phthalic acid esters (PAEs) and organotin compounds (OTs), in the treated leachate samples were determined and the behavior of the EDCs in the treatment processes was discussed. The concentrations of APs were as low as those in surface waters, and no OTs were detected (detection limit: 0.01 microg/L). Meanwhile, diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), which was the most abundant of the four substances measured as PAEs, and BPA were found in all of the influent samples. BPA was considerably degraded by aeration, except when the water temperature was low and the total organic carbon (TOC) was high. By contrast, aeration, biological treatment, and coagulation/sedimentation removed only a small amount of DEHP.

Hippocampal neurogenesis in the C57BL/6J mice at early adulthood following prenatal alcohol exposure.

Science.gov (United States)

Olateju, Oladiran I; Spocter, Muhammad A; Patzke, Nina; Ihunwo, Amadi O; Manger, Paul R

2018-04-01

We examined the effect of chronic prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on the process of adult neurogenesis in C57BL/6J mice at early adulthood (PND 56). Pregnant mice, and their in utero litters, were exposed to alcohol, through oral gavage, on gestational days 7-16, with recorded blood alcohol concentrations averaging 184 mg/dL (CA group). Two control groups, sucrose (CAc) and non-treated (NTc) control groups were also examined. The brains of pups at PND 56 from each experimental group were sectioned in a sagittal plane, and stained for Nissl substance with cresyl violet, and immunostained for Ki-67 which labels proliferative cells and doublecortin (DCX) for immature neurons. Morphologically, the neurogenic pattern was identical in all three groups studied. Populations of Ki-67 immunopositive cells in the dentate gyrus were not statistically significantly different between the experimental groups and there were no differences between the sexes. Thus, the PAE in this study does not appear to have a strong effect on the proliferative process in the adult hippocampus. In contrast, the numbers of immature neurons, labeled with DCX, was statistically significantly lower in the prenatal alcohol exposed mice compared with the two control groups. Alcohol significantly lowered the number of DCX hippocampal cells in the male mice, but not in the female mice. This indicates that the PAE appears to lower the rate of conversion of proliferative cells to immature neurons and this effect of alcohol is sexually dimorphic. This lowered number of immature neurons in the hippocampus appears to mirror hippocampal dysfunctions observed in FASD children.

Prostate Artery Embolization for Complete Urinary Outflow Obstruction Due to Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yu, Simon Chun Ho, E-mail: simonyu@cuhk.edu.hk; Cho, Carmen Chi Min; Hung, Esther Hiu Yee [The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology (Hong Kong); Chiu, Peter Ka Fung; Yee, Chi Hang; Ng, Chi Fai [The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital (Hong Kong)

2017-01-15

BackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PAE in weaning of catheter and relieving obstructive urinary symptoms in patients with acute urinary retention (AUR) due to benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and failed trial without catheter (TWOC).Materials and MethodsIn this prospective study approved by the institutional review board, a signed informed consent was obtained. Eighteen consecutive patients with AUR due to BPH and failed TWOC were recruited. Nineteen consecutive patients with BPH but without AUR were recruited as a control. Patients with CTA evidence of arterial occlusion or significant stenosis along the prostate artery access path were excluded. PAE was performed using microspheres (100–300 μm diameter). Outcome assessment included successful weaning of catheter in 2 weeks, procedure-related complications, change of symptomatology and urodynamic findings at 1 month as compared to baseline, percent non-perfused prostate volume, and prostate volume reduction on MRI at 2 weeks.ResultsTwo patients in the study group and four in the control group were excluded due to arterial pathology. Embolization of bilateral prostate arteries was achieved in all patients in both the groups (100%). There was no complication. The catheter was successfully weaned in 87.5% (14/16) of patients within 14 days in the treatment group. There was no significant difference in patient demographics, prostate characteristics, and all outcome assessment parameters between both the groups.ConclusionsPAE was probably safe and effective in weaning of catheter and relieving obstructive urinary symptoms in patients due to BPH, with treatment outcomes comparable to those without AUR.

Extracellular esterases of phylloplane yeast Pseudozyma antarctica induce defect on cuticle layer structure and water-holding ability of plant leaves.

Science.gov (United States)

Ueda, Hirokazu; Mitsuhara, Ichiro; Tabata, Jun; Kugimiya, Soichi; Watanabe, Takashi; Suzuki, Ken; Yoshida, Shigenobu; Kitamoto, Hiroko

2015-08-01

Aerial plant surface (phylloplane) is a primary key habitat for many microorganisms but is generally recognized as limited in nutrient resources. Pseudozyma antarctica, a nonpathogenic yeast, is commonly isolated from plant surfaces and characterized as an esterase producer with fatty acid assimilation ability. In order to elucidate the biological functions of these esterases, culture filtrate with high esterase activity (crude enzyme) of P. antarctica was applied onto leaves of tomato and Arabidopsis. These leaves showed a wilty phenotype, which is typically associated with water deficiency. Furthermore, we confirmed that crude enzyme-treated detached leaves clearly lost their water-holding ability. In treated leaves of both plants, genes associated to abscisic acid (ABA; a plant stress hormone responding osmotic stress) were activated and accumulation of ABA was confirmed in tomato plants. Microscopic observation of treated leaf surfaces revealed that cuticle layer covering the aerial epidermis of leaves became thinner. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis exhibited that fatty acids with 16 and 18 carbon chains were released in larger amounts from treated leaf surfaces, indicating that the crude enzyme has ability to degrade lipid components of cuticle layer. Among the three esterases detected in the crude enzyme, lipase A, lipase B, and P. antarctica esterase (PaE), an in vitro enzyme assay using para-nitrophenyl palmitate as substrate demonstrated that PaE was the most responsible for the degradation. These results suggest that PaE has a potential role in the extraction of fatty acids from plant surfaces, making them available for the growth of phylloplane yeasts.

Prostate Artery Embolization for Complete Urinary Outflow Obstruction Due to Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yu, Simon Chun Ho; Cho, Carmen Chi Min; Hung, Esther Hiu Yee; Chiu, Peter Ka Fung; Yee, Chi Hang; Ng, Chi Fai

2017-01-01

BackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PAE in weaning of catheter and relieving obstructive urinary symptoms in patients with acute urinary retention (AUR) due to benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and failed trial without catheter (TWOC).Materials and MethodsIn this prospective study approved by the institutional review board, a signed informed consent was obtained. Eighteen consecutive patients with AUR due to BPH and failed TWOC were recruited. Nineteen consecutive patients with BPH but without AUR were recruited as a control. Patients with CTA evidence of arterial occlusion or significant stenosis along the prostate artery access path were excluded. PAE was performed using microspheres (100–300 μm diameter). Outcome assessment included successful weaning of catheter in 2 weeks, procedure-related complications, change of symptomatology and urodynamic findings at 1 month as compared to baseline, percent non-perfused prostate volume, and prostate volume reduction on MRI at 2 weeks.ResultsTwo patients in the study group and four in the control group were excluded due to arterial pathology. Embolization of bilateral prostate arteries was achieved in all patients in both the groups (100%). There was no complication. The catheter was successfully weaned in 87.5% (14/16) of patients within 14 days in the treatment group. There was no significant difference in patient demographics, prostate characteristics, and all outcome assessment parameters between both the groups.ConclusionsPAE was probably safe and effective in weaning of catheter and relieving obstructive urinary symptoms in patients due to BPH, with treatment outcomes comparable to those without AUR.

In vitro profiling of antimethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus activity of thymoquinone against selected type and clinical strains.

Science.gov (United States)

Hariharan, P; Paul-Satyaseela, M; Gnanamani, A

2016-03-01

This study explores antimethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activity of a bioactive phytochemical constituent, thymoquinone obtained from the medicinal herb, Nigella sativa Linn. Based on initial assessment on crude extract of seeds of Nigella sativa Linn, the pure active constituent was employed in the study. A total of 99 MRSA strains which comprised of 40 types and 59 clinical strains were selected for the study. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), bactericidal activity, postantibiotic effect (PAE) and propensity to select resistant mutants were determined using standard protocols. Results revealed that thymoquinone exhibited MIC in the range of 8-16 μg ml(-1) and MIC90 of 16 μg ml(-1) against MRSA strains. It was bactericidal to MRSA by demonstrating >3 log kill. It showed a longer PAE of 3·2 ± 0·2 h. Upon exposure to high-density inoculum of MRSA, it did not select resistant mutants. Transmission electron microscopy of thymoquinone-treated MRSA showed no lysis but damage to cell wall and cell membrane which corroborated well with the salt tolerance and bacteriolysis assays. In conclusion, MIC90 , bactericidal property, longer PAE, absence of resistant mutant selection and damages in cell membrane and cell wall imply a promising anti-MRSA activity of thymoquinone. This is the first detailed report on anti-MRSA activity of thymoquinone. The assessment was made with both type and clinical strains. Thymoquinone may be a potential lead compound which can be further optimized to discover novel anti-MRSA agents. © 2016 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Puuduv raamat ruumis : Eesti Panga ühendusgalerii = The Missing Book : Bank of Estonia Gallery / Ingrid Ruudi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ruudi, Ingrid

2005-01-01

Projekteerija: Arhitektuuribüroo Urban Mark. Autorid Ülar Mark, Kaja Pae, Kaiko Kivi. Konstruktor: Inseneribüroo Peipman. Eriosad: Eldeco Inseneribüroo. Pingi disainis Bruno Lillemets. Projekt 2003, valmis 2005. Ill.: korruse plaan, lõige, 3 välis- ja 3 sisevaadet

24 CFR 402.2 - Definitions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

...: affiliate, disabled family, elderly family, eligible project, HUD, MAHRA, owner, PAE, Restructuring Plan... in section 512 of MAHRA: expiration date, fair market rent, renewal, and tenant-based assistance. (c) Other defined terms. In this part, the term— Comparable market rents means rents determined in...

Distribution of phthalate esters in underground water from power ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This study investigates the distribution of phthalateacid esters (PAEs) in groundwater from some power stations in Delta State. Groundwater samples were collected from eight power transmission and distribution stations. Concentrations (μg/L) of six phthalate acid esters compounds in the groundwater ranged from ...

Cortical gyrification is abnormal in children with prenatal alcohol exposure

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Timothy J. Hendrickson

2017-01-01

Conclusions: Abnormalities in cortical development were seen across the brain in children with PAE compared to controls. Cortical gyrification and IQ were strongly correlated, suggesting that examining mechanisms by which alcohol disrupts cortical formation may yield clinically relevant insights and potential directions for early intervention.

Galeriiühendus Eesti Panga kvartalisse = Connecting Gallery to the Bank of Estonia Block

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2003-01-01

2003. a. veebruaris toimunud kutsutud arhitektuurikonkursi, mille eesmärgiks oli parandada Eesti Panga kvartali funktsionaalsust Estonia puiestee ja Sakala tänava poolsete osade vahel, töö. Projekterija: AB Urban Mark OÜ. Autorid: Ülar Mark, Kaja Pae. Konstruktsioonid: Inseneribüroo Peipman OÜ

Open Scenario Study, Phase I. Volume 3. Questionnaire Response

Science.gov (United States)

2008-03-01

from PA&E Others (Please list below) Comment: MDA Scenario Books (a further detail drill-down from the MSFDs to support engineering level modeling) 9...Other 3 X Other 4 X Other 5 X Comments: 1. Polictial, Economic, Cultural, and Sociological Data 2. Geospatial and Enviromental

Elav kaart viib Margi ja Ahase Veneetsiasse

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

Komisjon (liikmed loetletud) valis Veneetsia X arhitektuuribiennaalil "Meta-linn" Eestit esindama sotsiaalse positsioneerimise meetodi. Väljapaneku loovad AB Urban Mark (arhitektid Ülar Mark, Kaja Pae, Indrek Tiigi) ja Tartu Ülikooli geograafia instituut (teadurid Rein Ahas, Anto Aasa, Siiri Silm). Avalikule ideekonkursile laekus 9 projekti

Moblaga Veneetsiasse! / Karin Paulus

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Paulus, Karin, 1975-

2006-01-01

Veneetsia X arhitektuuribiennaalil esindab Eestit arhitektuuribüroo Urban Mark (arhitektid Ülar Mark, Kaja Pae, Indrek Tiigi) ja Tartu Ülikooli Geograafia Instituudi (teadurid Rein Ahas, Anto Aasa, Siiri Silm) projekt. Kommenteerib Ülar Mark. Lühidalt ka teistest eestisisesel konkursil osalenud töödest

Tillidsrepræsentanter i et forandret sundhedsfelt

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dybbroe, Betina; Ahrenkiel, Annegrethe; Sommer, Finn M.

2008-01-01

Institut for Psykologi og Uddannelsesforskning (PAES) har i samarbejde med Center for Arbejdsmarkedsforskning (CARMA) ved Aalborg Universitet gennemført undersøgelsen Tillidsrepræsentanter i et forandret sundhedsfelt. Undersøgelsen blev gennemført for Dansk Sygeplejeråd (DSR). Undersøgelsen inddrog...

O tempo e o mundo: defesa de uma história planetária

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gustavo Velloso

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Resenha do livro: GRUZINSKI, Serge. As quatro partes do mundo: história de uma mundialização. Tradução de Cleonice Paes Barreto Mourão e Consuelo Fortes Santiago. Belo Horizonte: Editora UFMG; São Paulo: Edusp, 2014.

Kuldsõduri ja ufo invasioon / Kaarel Kressa

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kressa, Kaarel, 1983-

2010-01-01

Kristina Normani isikunäitus "Me ei ole universumis üksi" Tallinna Kunstihoones 10. aprillist 9. maini 2010. Näitus hõlmab kunstniku loomingut aastatest 2007 - 2010. Installatsioonist "After-War" ja kunstiteosest, mille aluseks on ufomälestusmärk Padisel Pae külas Poosimatsi talus

24 CFR 401.401 - Consolidated Restructuring Plans.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... PROGRAM (MARK-TO-MARKET) Restructuring Plan § 401.401 Consolidated Restructuring Plans. A PAE may request HUD to approve a Consolidated Restructuring Plan that presents an overall strategy for more than one... resources, HUD will not approve any Consolidated Restructuring Plans that have a detrimental effect on...

Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Signal Power Generation

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hadziabdic, Dzenan

Among the major limitations in high-speed communications and highresolution radars is the lack of efficient and powerful signal sources with low distortion. Microwave and millimeter-wave (mm-wave) signal power is needed for signal transmission. Progress in signal generation stems largely from...... distortion and high PAE were observed. The estimated output power of 42.5 dBm and PAE of 31.3% are comparable to the state-of-the-art results reported for GaN HEMT amplifiers. Wireless communication systems planned in the near future will operate at E-band, around 71-86 GHz, and require mm-wave-PAs to boost...... the application of novel materials like galliumnitride (GaN) and silicon-carbide (SiC) and fabrication of indiumphosphide (InP) based transistors. One goal of this thesis is to assess GaN HEMT technology with respect to linear efficient signal power generation. While most reports on GaN HEMT high-power devices...

Evaluating changes in brain vasculature of murine embryos in utero due to maternal alcohol consumption using optical coherence tomography

Science.gov (United States)

Raghunathan, Raksha; Wu, Chen; Singh, Manmohan; Liu, Chih-Hao; Miranda, Rajesh C.; Larin, Kirill V.

2017-04-01

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) refers to the broad spectrum of developmental and behavioral effects caused due to prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). Wide range of abnormalities vary depending on the amount of alcohol consumed and the period of consumption during gestation. PAE during early stages of pregnancy is very common. However a large number of women continue to consume alcohol even during the second trimester, a critical period for fetal neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has shown to be extremely useful in embryonic imaging. Our previous work showed that OCT is capable of quantitative assessment of ventriculomegaly caused by maternal alcohol consumption. Although structural changes and changes in blood flow in the fetal brain after maternal alcohol consumption have been studied, acute vasculature changes are not well documented. Speckle variance OCT (SVOCT), is a functional extension of OCT that has been used to study vasculature development in embryos. We use SVOCT, to detect vasculature changes in the embryonic brain in utero, minutes after maternal alcohol consumption.

The Infrapopliteal Arterial Occlusions Similar to Buerger Disease: Report of Two Cases

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kimihiro Igari

2014-01-01

Full Text Available We herein present two cases that required the differential diagnosis of Buerger disease. Case 1 involved a 55-year-old male with a smoking habit who was admitted with ulcers and coldness in his fingers and toes. Angiography showed blockage in both the radial and posterior tibial arteries, which led to an initial diagnosis of Buerger disease. However, a biopsy of the right posterior tibial artery showed pathological findings of fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD. Case 2 involved a 28-year-old male with intermittent claudication who was examined at another hospital. Angiography showed occlusion of both popliteal and crural arteries, and the patient was suspected to have Buerger disease. However, computed tomography disclosed an abnormal slip on both sides of the popliteal fossa, and we diagnosed him with bilateral popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES. These cases illustrate that other occlusive diseases, such as FMD and PAES, may sometimes be misdiagnosed as Buerger disease.

Determination of phthalate esters in distillates by ultrasound-vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction (USVADLLME) coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Science.gov (United States)

Montevecchi, Giuseppe; Masino, Francesca; Zanasi, Luca; Antonelli, Andrea

2017-04-15

A method for the extraction of phthalate esters (PAEs) by Ultrasound-Vortex-Assisted Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Micro-Extraction (USVADLLME) approach was optimised and applied for the first time to a historical series of brandies. These contaminants are widely spread in the environment as a consequence of about half century of use in different fields of applications. The concern about these substances and the recent legal restrictions of China in distillates import need a quick and sensitive method for their quantification. The proposed method, moreover, is environmentally oriented due to the disposal of micro-quantities of solvent required. In fact, sub-ppm-limits of detection were achieved with a solvent volume as low as 160μL. The analysed samples were within the legal limits, except for some very ancient brandies whose contamination was probably due to a PAEs concentration effect as a consequence of long ageing and for the use of plastic pipelines no more operative. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Multiple integrerede præstationsmålingssystemer: Videnregnskab og balanced scorecard i en software virksomhed?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bukh, Per Nikolaj; Johansen, Mette Rosenkrands; Mouritsen, Jan

2002-01-01

Både videnregnskaber og balanced scorecard er integrerede præstationsmålingssystemer relateret til virksomhedens strategi, og de udvider begge rapportering til ud over finansielle nøgletal at inkludere ikke-finansielle nøgletal for kunder, processer og medarbejdere. Denne artikel diskuterer de...... to modellers forskelle og komplementariteter på baggrund af en analyse af deres anvendelse i en mellemstor dansk softwarevirksomhed, Systematic Software Engineering. Denne virksomhed har i de sidste to år publiceret videnregnskaber og har for nylig implementeret et balanced scorecard. Videnregnskabet...... kommunikerer såvel eksternt som internt om virksomhedens videnledelsesaktiviteter og balanced scorecard skaber ansvarlighed i softwareprojekter. Det tyder på, at de to typer af udvidet rapportering er forskellige og dog komplementære, når de anvendes i denne virksomhed, herunder at der er en markant forskel i...

Subregional innovation – indikatorer til optimering af den erhvervsrettede innovationspolitik

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mortensen, Peter Stendahl; Graversen, Ebbe Krogh; Haase, Sanne Schioldann

områder tilgodeses bedst muligt. Desuden kan en differentieret, subregional innovations-politik give erhvervslivet bedre udbytte end en samlet regional eller national innovationspolitik. Selvom Danmark er et lille land, er der store geografiske forskelle internt i landets erhvervsstruktur og i...... virksomhedernes innovationsaktiviteter. Som resultat af en udvidelse af den danske del af CIS 2006-undersøgelsen2 med ekstra virksomheder kan der gives en betydeligt mere nuanceret karak-teristik af virksomheder helt ned på subregionalt niveau. Analysen underbygger, at de innovations-politiske tiltag, der sættes......, lokal brug af resultaterne er nødvendig. Først gennemgås de valgte målepunkter. Det primære er en opdeling i praksis- og forsknings-orientering af virksomheders innovationstilgang, hvorved der identificeres fire grupper af innovationsaktive virksomheder. Det andet er korrektion af de anvendte...

Elades düstoopias = Living in dystopia / Kaja Pae

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Pae, Kaja

2011-01-01

Linnast ja teooriatest. Linnast kui utoopiast. Tänapäeva linnadest. Linnaplaneerimisest, planeeringute realiseeritavusest ja realiseerumisest, planeerimatusest. Eesti buumiaegsest ehituspraktikast ja planeeringutest. Põldude muutumisest kinnisvaraküladeks, maastiku muutumisest juhuslikul viisil. Buumiaegsetest asumitest

Tunda ära korratamatut = Recognizing the unrepeatable / Kaja Pae

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Pae, Kaja

2011-01-01

Ruumiplaneerimisest. Linnaplaneerimisest 20. sajandil. Fredric Jamesoni düstoopia kontseptsioonist. Ehitusbuumiaegsest ehitusest Hiina näitel. Monumentaalsetest linnaehitusprogrammidest. Ehitusbuumiaegses Eestis tekkinud ruumilisest situatsioonist. Linna tihedusest, spontaansest ruumist. Avaliku ruumi kasutamisest. Kirjeldamatuse ilmingust

Integrated environment and energy management; Integreret miljoe- og energiledelse - erfaringer fra 11 virksomheder - Baggrundsrapport

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pommer, Kirsten [Teknologisk Inst., Taastrup (Denmark)

2005-07-01

The report collects experiences from 11 companies from different sectors. The companies have during the past few years been working with integration of environment and energy management. the report forms background for the booklet 'Spar penge pae miljoe og energi - slae to fluer med et smaek'. (BA)

Na meste Paeskogo karjera budjet razbita zona otdõha / Urmas Tooming

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tooming, Urmas

2008-01-01

Tallinnas Lasnamäel asuvasse Pae karjääri rajatakse park, spordiväljakud, elu- ja büroohooned ning kaubanduskeskus. Laste mänguväljakud ja palliplatsi kavandas arhitektuuribüroo Ruum ja Maastik. Hoonestusõiguse seadmise konkursi võitis Merko tütarfirma Constancia

Pelvic Arterial Anatomy Relevant to Prostatic Artery Embolisation and Proposal for Angiographic Classification

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Assis, André Moreira de, E-mail: andre.maa@gmail.com; Moreira, Airton Mota, E-mail: motamoreira@gmail.com; Paula Rodrigues, Vanessa Cristina de, E-mail: vanessapaular@yahoo.com.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Interventional Radiology and Endovascular Surgery Department, Radiology Institute (Brazil); Harward, Sardis Honoria, E-mail: sardis.harward@merit.com [The Dartmouth Center for Health Care Delivery Science (United States); Antunes, Alberto Azoubel, E-mail: antunesuro@uol.com.br; Srougi, Miguel, E-mail: srougi@usp.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Urology Department (Brazil); Carnevale, Francisco Cesar, E-mail: fcarnevale@uol.com.br [University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Interventional Radiology and Endovascular Surgery Department, Radiology Institute (Brazil)

2015-08-15

PurposeTo describe and categorize the angiographic findings regarding prostatic vascularization, propose an anatomic classification, and discuss its implications for the PAE procedure.MethodsAngiographic findings from 143 PAE procedures were reviewed retrospectively, and the origin of the inferior vesical artery (IVA) was classified into five subtypes as follows: type I: IVA originating from the anterior division of the internal iliac artery (IIA), from a common trunk with the superior vesical artery (SVA); type II: IVA originating from the anterior division of the IIA, inferior to the SVA origin; type III: IVA originating from the obturator artery; type IV: IVA originating from the internal pudendal artery; and type V: less common origins of the IVA. Incidences were calculated by percentage.ResultsTwo hundred eighty-six pelvic sides (n = 286) were analyzed, and 267 (93.3 %) were classified into I–IV types. Among them, the most common origin was type IV (n = 89, 31.1 %), followed by type I (n = 82, 28.7 %), type III (n = 54, 18.9 %), and type II (n = 42, 14.7 %). Type V anatomy was seen in 16 cases (5.6 %). Double vascularization, defined as two independent prostatic branches in one pelvic side, was seen in 23 cases (8.0 %).ConclusionsDespite the large number of possible anatomical variations of male pelvis, four main patterns corresponded to almost 95 % of the cases. Evaluation of anatomy in a systematic fashion, following a standard classification, will make PAE a faster, safer, and more effective procedure.

Prevalence of antibodies to a new histo-blood system: the FORS system.

Science.gov (United States)

Jesus, Carlos; Hesse, Camilla; Rocha, Clara; Osório, Nádia; Valado, Ana; Caseiro, Armando; Gabriel, António; Svensson, Lola; Moslemi, Ali-Reza; Siba, Wafa Abu; Srour, Mahmoud A; Pereira, Cristina; Tomaz, Jorge; Teixeira, Paulo; Mendes, Fernando

2018-02-01

In 1987, three unrelated English families were reported with a putative blood subgroup called A pae . Swedish researchers later found evidence leading to abolishment of the A pae subgroup and establishment instead of the FORS blood group system (System 31 - ISBT, 2012). It is important to know the prevalence of antibodies in order to make the best decisions in transfusion medicine. Cells expressing the Forssman saccharide, such as sheep erythrocytes, are needed to detect the anti-Forssman antibody. The aim of this study was to define the prevalence of human anti-Forssman antibody. Plasma samples from 800 individuals were studied. Sheep erythrocytes or Forssman "kodecytes" were mixed with the plasma samples using the tube technique. Plasma from an A pae individual was used as a negative control and monoclonal anti-Forssman antibody (M1/22.25.8HL cell line supernatant) was used as the positive control. Of the 800 individuals tested, one was negative for the presence of anti-Forssman antibody. We compared the anti-Forssman antibody reaction pattern between genders and found that males have weaker reactions than females, both at room temperature (p=0.026) and at 37 °C (p=0.043). We also investigated the reaction pattern of anti-Forssman antibody in relation to ABO and Rh blood group types without finding any significant differences. Sheep erythrocytes are suitable for searching for human anti-Forssman antibody. The quantity of anti-Forssman antibodies in plasma is higher in females than in males. In the population (n=800) studied here, we found one individual lacking the anti-Forssman antibody. These results contribute to the data already published, confirming that FORS is a rare blood group.

Väikearhitektuuri võlukevad / Andri Ksenofontov

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ksenofontov, Andri, 1962-

2007-01-01

Arhitektuurivõistluse "Väike 2002-2006" näitusest Rotermanni soolalaos. Peapreemiad saanud tööd: 1.-2. koht - Saka trepistik (arhitektid Tiit Kaljundi, Ivo-Martin Veelma); 1.-2. koht - Eesti Panga galerii (arhitektid Ülar Mark, Kaja Pae); 3. koht - Tabasalu eramu tara (arhitektid Peeter Pere, Urmas Muru)

Regulatory Behaviors and Stress Reactivity among Infants at High Risk for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: An Exploratory Study

Science.gov (United States)

Jirikowic, Tracy; Chen, Maida; Nash, Jennifer; Gendler, Beth; Olson, Heather Carmichael

2016-01-01

Introduction: This article examines regulatory behaviors and physiological stress reactivity among 6-15 month-old infants with moderate to heavy prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), a group at very high risk for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and self-regulation impairments, compared to low risk infants with no/low exposure. Participants: Eighteen…

Arhitekti ilumeel väljendub just nüanssides / Karen Jagodin

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Jagodin, Karen, 1982-

2007-01-01

Eesti Arhitektide Liidu korraldatud väikevormide arhitektuurivõistlusest "Väike 2002-2006" ja näitusest Eesti Arhitektuurimuuseumis. Avatud 9.05.-3.06.2007. Konkursi esimest-teist kohta jagasid Tiit Kaljundi ja Ivo-Martin Veelma loodud Saka trepistik ning Ülar Margi ja Kaja Pae kujundatud Eesti Panga galerii

Protein Modifiers Generally Provide Limited Improvement in Wood Bond Strength of Soy Flour Adhesives

Science.gov (United States)

Charles R. Frihart; Linda Lorenz

2013-01-01

Soy flour adhesives using a polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin (PAE) polymeric coreactant are used increasingly as wood adhesives for interior products. Although these adhesives give good performance, higher bond strength under wet conditions is desirable. Wet strength is important for accelerated tests involving the internal forces generated by the swelling of wood and...

24 CFR 401.420 - When must the Restructuring Plan require project-based assistance?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... HOUSING ASSISTANCE RESTRUCTURING PROGRAM (MARK-TO-MARKET) Restructuring Plan § 401.420 When must the..., if: (a) The PAE determines there is a market-wide vacancy rate of 6 percent or less; (b) At least 50 percent of the units in the project are occupied by elderly families, disabled families, or elderly and...

Amylomaltase of Pyrobaculum aerophilum IM2 produces thermoreversible starch gels

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kaper, T.; Talik, B.; Ettema, T.J.; Bos, H.; Maarel, M.J.E.C. van der; Dijkhuizen, L.

2005-01-01

Amylomaltases are 4-α-glucanotransferases (EC 2.4.1.25) of glycoside hydrolase family 77 that transfer α-1,4-linked glucans to another acceptor, which can be the 4-OH group of an α-1,4-linked glucan or glucose. The amylomaltase-encoding gene (PAE1209) from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrobaculum

Studies Of Oxidation And Thermal Reduction Of The Cu(100) Surface Using Positron Annihilation Induced Auger Electron Spectroscopy

Science.gov (United States)

Fazleev, N. G.; Nadesalingam, M. P.; Maddox, W.; Weiss, A. H.

2011-06-01

Positron annihilation induced Auger electron spectroscopy (PAES) measurements from the surface of an oxidized Cu(100) single crystal show a large increase in the intensity of the annihilation induced Cu M2,3VV Auger peak as the sample is subjected to a series of isochronal anneals in vacuum up to annealing temperature 300 °C. The PAES intensity then decreases monotonically as the annealing temperature is increased to ˜550 °C. Experimental positron annihilation probabilities with Cu 3p and O 1s core electrons are estimated from the measured intensities of the positron annihilation induced Cu M2,3VV and O KLL Auger transitions. PAES results are analyzed by performing calculations of positron surface states and annihilation probabilities of the surface-trapped positrons with relevant core electrons taking into account the charge redistribution at the surface and various surface structures associated with low and high oxygen coverages. The variations in atomic structure and chemical composition of the topmost layers of the oxidized Cu(100) surface are found to affect localization and spatial extent of the positron surface state wave function. The computed positron binding energy and annihilation characteristics reveal their sensitivity to charge transfer effects, atomic structure and chemical composition of the topmost layers of the oxidized Cu(100) surface. Theoretical positron annihilation probabilities with Cu 3p and O 1s core electrons computed for the oxidized Cu(100) surface are compared with experimental ones. The obtained results provide a demonstration of thermal reduction of the copper oxide surface after annealing at 300 °C followed by re-oxidation of the Cu(100) surface at higher annealing temperatures presumably due to diffusion of subsurface oxygen to the surface.

Studies Of Oxidation And Thermal Reduction Of The Cu(100) Surface Using Positron Annihilation Induced Auger Electron Spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fazleev, N. G.; Nadesalingam, M. P.; Maddox, W.; Weiss, A. H.

2011-01-01

Positron annihilation induced Auger electron spectroscopy (PAES) measurements from the surface of an oxidized Cu(100) single crystal show a large increase in the intensity of the annihilation induced Cu M2,3VV Auger peak as the sample is subjected to a series of isochronal anneals in vacuum up to annealing temperature 300 deg. C. The PAES intensity then decreases monotonically as the annealing temperature is increased to ∼550 deg. C. Experimental positron annihilation probabilities with Cu 3p and O 1s core electrons are estimated from the measured intensities of the positron annihilation induced Cu M 2,3 VV and O KLL Auger transitions. PAES results are analyzed by performing calculations of positron surface states and annihilation probabilities of the surface-trapped positrons with relevant core electrons taking into account the charge redistribution at the surface and various surface structures associated with low and high oxygen coverages. The variations in atomic structure and chemical composition of the topmost layers of the oxidized Cu(100) surface are found to affect localization and spatial extent of the positron surface state wave function. The computed positron binding energy and annihilation characteristics reveal their sensitivity to charge transfer effects, atomic structure and chemical composition of the topmost layers of the oxidized Cu(100) surface. Theoretical positron annihilation probabilities with Cu 3p and O 1s core electrons computed for the oxidized Cu(100) surface are compared with experimental ones. The obtained results provide a demonstration of thermal reduction of the copper oxide surface after annealing at 300 deg. C followed by re-oxidation of the Cu(100) surface at higher annealing temperatures presumably due to diffusion of subsurface oxygen to the surface.

Repeated intermittent alcohol exposure during the third trimester-equivalent increases expression of the GABA(A) receptor δ subunit in cerebellar granule neurons and delays motor development in rats.

Science.gov (United States)

Diaz, Marvin R; Vollmer, Cyndel C; Zamudio-Bulcock, Paula A; Vollmer, William; Blomquist, Samantha L; Morton, Russell A; Everett, Julie C; Zurek, Agnieszka A; Yu, Jieying; Orser, Beverley A; Valenzuela, C Fernando

2014-04-01

Exposure to ethanol (EtOH) during fetal development can lead to long-lasting alterations, including deficits in fine motor skills and motor learning. Studies suggest that these are, in part, a consequence of cerebellar damage. Cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) are the gateway of information into the cerebellar cortex. Functionally, CGNs are heavily regulated by phasic and tonic GABAergic inhibition from Golgi cell interneurons; however, the effect of EtOH exposure on the development of GABAergic transmission in immature CGNs has not been investigated. To model EtOH exposure during the 3rd trimester-equivalent of human pregnancy, neonatal pups were exposed intermittently to high levels of vaporized EtOH from postnatal day (P) 2 to P12. This exposure gradually increased pup serum EtOH concentrations (SECs) to ∼60 mM (∼0.28 g/dl) during the 4 h of exposure. EtOH levels gradually decreased to baseline 8 h after the end of exposure. Surprisingly, basal tonic and phasic GABAergic currents in CGNs were not significantly affected by postnatal alcohol exposure (PAE). However, PAE increased δ subunit expression at P28 as detected by immunohistochemical and western blot analyses. Also, electrophysiological studies with an agonist that is highly selective for δ-containing GABA(A) receptors, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[4,5-c]pyridine-3-ol (THIP), showed an increase in THIP-induced tonic current. Behavioral studies of PAE rats did not reveal any deficits in motor coordination, except for a delay in the acquisition of the mid-air righting reflex that was apparent at P15 to P18. These findings demonstrate that repeated intermittent exposure to high levels of EtOH during the equivalent of the last trimester of human pregnancy has significant but relatively subtle effects on motor coordination and GABAergic transmission in CGNs in rats. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Monomeric adiponectin modulates nitric oxide release and calcium movements in porcine aortic endothelial cells in normal/high glucose conditions.

Science.gov (United States)

Grossini, Elena; Farruggio, Serena; Qoqaiche, Fatima; Raina, Giulia; Camillo, Lara; Sigaudo, Lorenzo; Mary, David; Surico, Nicola; Surico, Daniela

2016-09-15

Perivascular adipose tissue can be involved in the process of cardiovascular pathology through the release of adipokines, namely adiponectins. Monomeric adiponectin has been shown to increase coronary blood flow in anesthetized pigs through increased nitric oxide (NO) release and the involvement of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1). The present study was therefore planned to examine the effects of monomeric adiponectin on NO release and Ca(2+) transients in porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEs) in normal/high glucose conditions and the related mechanisms. PAEs were treated with monomeric adiponectin alone or in the presence of intracellular kinases blocker, AdipoR1 and Ca(2+)-ATPase pump inhibitors. The role of Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger was examined in experiments performed in zero Na(+) medium. NO release and intracellular Ca(2+) were measured through specific probes. In PAE cultured in normal glucose conditions, monomeric adiponectin elevated NO production and [Ca(2+)]c. Similar effects were observed in high glucose conditions, although the response was lower and not transient. The Ca(2+) mobilized by monomeric adiponectin originated from an intracellular pool thapsigargin- and ATP-sensitive and from the extracellular space. Moreover, the effects of monomeric adiponectin were prevented by kinase blockers and AdipoR1 inhibitor. Finally, in normal glucose condition, a role for Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger and Ca(2+)-ATPase pump in restoring Ca(2+) was found. Our results add new information about the control of endothelial function elicited by monomeric adiponectin, which would be achieved by modulation of NO release and Ca(2+) transients. A signalling related to Akt, ERK1/2 and p38MAPK downstream AdipoR1 would be involved. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Prostatic Arterial Embolization Treating Moderate-to-Severe Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Related to Benign Prostate Hyperplasia: A Meta-Analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Feng, Shijian [Sichuan University, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology) (China); Tian, Ye [Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Department of Urology Surgery (China); Liu, Wei [Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Department of Cardiology (China); Li, Zirui [Sichuan University, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology) (China); Deng, Tuo [The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Department of Urology, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center (China); Li, Hong; Wang, Kunjie, E-mail: wangkj@scu.edu.cn [Sichuan University, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology) (China)

2017-01-15

PurposeTo evaluate the clinical efficiency and safety of PAE treating moderate-to-severe LUTS related to BPH.Materials and MethodsA systematic literature search was performed using PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane database of systematic review, and Web of Science, up to April 2016, to identify eligible studies. The Cochrane Collaboration’s RevMan 5.3 was used to analyze the extracted data. Random- or fixed-effect model was selected to fit the pooled out heterogeneity.Results20 eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis. Synthetic data showed that there were statistically significant improvements in IPSS (MD = −13.25; 95% CI −14.81 to −11.69; P < 0.00001), QoL score (MD = −2.34; 95% CI −2.69 to −2.00, P < 0.00001), PSA level (MD = −1.33; 95% CI −1.86 to −0.80; P < 0.00001), PV (MD = −28.00; 95% CI −35.94 to −20.07; P < 0.00001), Qmax (MD = 5.51; 95% CI 4.62 to 6.40; P < 0.00001), and PVR (MD = −67.8; 95% CI −81.35 to −53.60; P < 0.00001). There was no significant difference in IIEF score (MD = 0.93; 95% CI 0.43–1.42; P = 0.07). Major complications following PAE include pain in the perineum, retropubic area, and/or urethra (9.4%), and hematuria (9.0%).ConclusionsPAE should be considered to be the very promising alternative treatment for those who do not want or cannot tolerate surgical treatment, with its benefits on IPSS, QoL score, PSA level, PV, Qmax, and PVR without affecting erectile function.

Phthalate esters and childhood asthma: A systematic review and congener-specific meta-analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Ming-Chieh; Chen, Chi-Hsien; Guo, Yue Leon

2017-10-01

Exposure to phthalate esters (PAEs) has been associated with childhood asthma, but the congener-specific effects of PAEs on childhood asthma were unclear. We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze observational studies on the associations between specific effects of PAEs and the risk of childhood asthma. Relevant studies were identified by searching three databases up to October 20, 2016. The reference lists of the retrieved articles were also reviewed. We included observational studies that reported risk estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between phthalate exposure and the risk of childhood asthma. Fixed-effects models were generally applied to calculate pooled risk estimates. When heterogeneity was present, random-effects models were applied. A total of nine studies featuring 43 data points were included in our final meta-analyses. Results indicated that the benzyl butyl phthalate (BBzP) exposure had a significant association with the risk of childhood asthma. The Odd Ratios (ORs) were from 1.39 to 1.41 for different combination strategies. Subgroup analyses by different exposure period or samples used showed that prenatal exposure to BBzP had a stronger association with the risk of childhood asthma (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.09-1.75), compared to those with postnatal exposure. Besides, the association was evident when the phthalate exposure was measured from dust samples. The OR for the associations between di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in dust and childhood asthma was 2.71 (95% CI = 1.39-5.28), and 2.08 (95% CI = 1.10-3.92) for BBzP. Our study suggested a positive association between DEHP and BBzP exposure and childhood asthma. Future studies are warranted to identify the underlying mechanisms of the association. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Experiences and attitudes about physical activity and exercise in patients with chronic pain: a qualitative interview study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Karlsson L

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Linn Karlsson,1 Björn Gerdle,1 Esa-Pekka Takala,2 Gerhard Andersson,3,4 Britt Larsson1 1Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; 2Work-related Diseases, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland; 3Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; 4Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe how patients with chronic pain experience physical activity and exercise (PA&E.Method: This qualitative interview study included 16 women and two men suffering from chronic pain and referred to a multimodal pain rehabilitation program. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the interviews.Results: One main theme emerged: “To overcome obstacles and to seize opportunities to be physically active despite chronic pain.” This main theme was abstracted from five themes: “Valuing a life with physical activity,” “Physical activity and exercise – before and after pain,” “A struggle – difficulties and challenges,” “The enabling of physical activity,” and “In need of continuous and active support.” Conclusion: Although these participants valued PA&E, they seldom achieved desirable levels, and performance of PA&E was undermined by difficulties and failure. The discrepancy between the intention to perform physical activity and the physical activity accomplished could be related to motivation, self-efficacy, and action control. The participants desired high-quality interaction with healthcare providers. The findings can be applied to chronic pain rehabilitation that uses PA&E as treatment. Keywords: chronic pain, experiences, physical activity, rehabilitation, qualitative content analysis

Postantibiotic effect and postantibiotic sub-MIC effect of LTX-109 and mupirocin on Staphylococcus aureus blood isolates.

Science.gov (United States)

Saravolatz, L D; Pawlak, J; Martin, H; Saravolatz, S; Johnson, L; Wold, H; Husbyn, M; Olsen, W M

2017-11-01

The development of new synthetic antimicrobial peptides like LTX-109 provides a new class of drugs for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections. We evaluated LTX-109 and mupirocin for pharmacodynamic parameters against 10 methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates. The postantibiotic effect (PAE) is defined as the length of time that bacterial growth is suppressed following a brief exposure to an antibiotic. We also determined the sub-MIC effect (SME) which measures the direct effect of subinhibitory levels on strains that have not previously been exposed to antibiotics. The postantibiotic sub-MIC effect (PA-SME) is a combination of the PAE and SME. LTX-109 had an average PAE of 5·51 h vs 1·04 h for mupirocin. The PA-SME of LTX-109 ranged from 2·51 to 9·33 h as the concentration increased from 0·2 to 0·4 times the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The PA-SME range for mupirocin was 0·93-2·58 h. LTX-109, as compared to mupirocin, demonstrated prolonged time of effect for these pharmacodynamic parameters, which supports persistent activity for several hours after the drug is no longer present or is below the MIC. The pharmacodynamic parameters studied here suggest that LTX-109 is less likely than mupirocin to generate resistance to S. aureus. Resistant bacterial infections continue to be a challenge for clinicians. Identification of antibiotics with pharmacodynamic advantages may be beneficial in the treatment of these infections. An antibiotic with a longer postantibiotic effect may be able to be administered less frequently resulting in improved adherence. In this study, a new synthetic antimicrobial peptide, LTX-109, demonstrated a more prolonged time for LTX-109 than mupirocin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. © 2017 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Hacia una república conservadora : el programa político del Partido Agrario Español

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Teófilo Gil Cuadrado

2005-01-01

Full Text Available El Partido Agrario Español (PAE, fundado en enero de 1934 y presidido por José Martínez de Velasco, representó, dentro de la II República española, una alternativa conservadora y, al tiempo, leal al régimen. El programa político del PAE aceptaba la República —a diferencia de otros partidos derechistas del momento, como la CEDA y los monárquicos— y defendía la unidad nacional, el establecimiento de una segunda Cámara legislativa, la protección de la agricultura y la industria mediante aranceles, el libre comercio dentro de las fronteras nacionales y la revisión de algunas leyes del primer bienio como la Reforma Agraria de 1932. El objetivo era la configuración de una República conservadora distinta, en aspectos fundamentales, a la diseñada por la Constitución de 1931 y la legislación del bienio social-republicano.The Spanish Agrarian Party (Partido Agrario Español, PAE, founded in january of 1934 and presided by José Martínez de Velasco, was, in the political life of the Spanish Second Republic, a conservative and republican option. The agrarian program accepted the republican regime —in opposition to other conservative parties, like the CEDA or the monarchists— and defended the national union, the establishment of a Senate, the protection of the national agriculture and industry trough tariffs, the free trade in the Spanish market and the revision of some laws voted in the first biennium like the Agrarian Reform, promulgated in 1932. The idea was to establish a conservative Republic, different, in some fundamental aspects, of the regime designed by the Constitution of 1931 and the legislation approved during the socialist-republican biennium.

Prostatic Arterial Embolization Treating Moderate-to-Severe Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Related to Benign Prostate Hyperplasia: A Meta-Analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Feng, Shijian; Tian, Ye; Liu, Wei; Li, Zirui; Deng, Tuo; Li, Hong; Wang, Kunjie

2017-01-01

PurposeTo evaluate the clinical efficiency and safety of PAE treating moderate-to-severe LUTS related to BPH.Materials and MethodsA systematic literature search was performed using PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane database of systematic review, and Web of Science, up to April 2016, to identify eligible studies. The Cochrane Collaboration’s RevMan 5.3 was used to analyze the extracted data. Random- or fixed-effect model was selected to fit the pooled out heterogeneity.Results20 eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis. Synthetic data showed that there were statistically significant improvements in IPSS (MD = −13.25; 95% CI −14.81 to −11.69; P < 0.00001), QoL score (MD = −2.34; 95% CI −2.69 to −2.00, P < 0.00001), PSA level (MD = −1.33; 95% CI −1.86 to −0.80; P < 0.00001), PV (MD = −28.00; 95% CI −35.94 to −20.07; P < 0.00001), Qmax (MD = 5.51; 95% CI 4.62 to 6.40; P < 0.00001), and PVR (MD = −67.8; 95% CI −81.35 to −53.60; P < 0.00001). There was no significant difference in IIEF score (MD = 0.93; 95% CI 0.43–1.42; P = 0.07). Major complications following PAE include pain in the perineum, retropubic area, and/or urethra (9.4%), and hematuria (9.0%).ConclusionsPAE should be considered to be the very promising alternative treatment for those who do not want or cannot tolerate surgical treatment, with its benefits on IPSS, QoL score, PSA level, PV, Qmax, and PVR without affecting erectile function.

Eestit esindab Veneetsia arhitektuuribiennaalil sotsiaalset positsioneerimist käsitlev installatsioon

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

Veneetsia X arhitektuuribiennaalil "Meta-linn" Eestit esindavaks väljapanekuks valis komisjon (liikmed loetletud) reaalajas toimiva linnaplaneerimise keskkonna projekti. Väljapaneku loovad arhitektuuribüroo Urban Mark (arhitektid Ülar Mark, Kaja Pae, Indrek Tiigi) ja Tartu Ülikooli geograafia instituut (teadurid Rein Ahas, Anto Aasa, Siiri Silm). Ideekonkursile laekus 9 näituseprojekti

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

argamu dha. Akkasumas haadholii du'an keessaa immoo %32 kan ta'aniif sababa akka ta'e qoraannoon ni mul'isa. (MS TN, LINBC:får tPAE MS NAMS avanzS AMS NavrPPF: Dalia Mortada, Ethiopia's Game baasuu hayyamu kan hordofan yoo ta'u, Paartiin Rippaablikaan immoo daa'imman ulfaa. 87 ...

X-Band GaN Power Amplifier MMIC with a Third Harmonic-Tuned Circuit

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kyung-Tae Bae

2017-11-01

Full Text Available This paper presents an X-band GaN HEMT power amplifier with a third harmonic-tuned circuit for a higher power density per area and a higher power-added efficiency (PAE using a 0.25 μm GaN HEMT process of WIN semiconductors, Inc. The optimum load impedances at the fundamental and third harmonic frequencies are extracted from load-pull simulations at the transistor’s extrinsic plane, including the drain-source capacitance and the series drain inductance. The third harmonic-tuned circuit is effectively integrated with the output matching circuit at the fundamental frequency, without complicating the whole output matching circuit. The input matching circuit uses a lossy matching scheme, which allows a good return loss and a simple LC low-pass circuit configuration. The fabricated power amplifier monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC occupies an area of 13.26 mm2, and shows a linear gain of 20 dB or more, a saturated output power of 43.2~44.7 dBm, and a PAE of 35~37% at 8.5 to 10.5 GHz.

6‐GHz‐to‐18‐GHz AlGaN/GaN Cascaded Nonuniform Distributed Power Amplifier MMIC Using Load Modulation of Increased Series Gate Capacitance

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dong‐Hwan Shin

2017-10-01

Full Text Available A 6‐GHz‐to‐18‐GHz monolithic nonuniform distributed power amplifier has been designed using the load modulation of increased series gate capacitance. This amplifier was implemented using a 0.25‐μm AlGaN/GaN HEMT process on a SiC substrate. With the proposed load modulation, we enhanced the amplifier's simulated performance by 4.8 dB in output power, and by 13.1% in power‐added efficiency (PAE at the upper limit of the bandwidth, compared with an amplifier with uniform gate coupling capacitors. Under the pulse‐mode condition of a 100‐μs pulse period and a 10% duty cycle, the fabricated power amplifier showed a saturated output power of 39.5 dBm (9 W to 40.4 dBm (11 W with an associated PAE of 17% to 22%, and input/output return losses of more than 10 dB within 6 GHz to 18 GHz.

The perfect wave. With neutrinos to the limits of space and time or why particle physics is like surfing. 2 ed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Paes, Heinrich

2011-01-01

Heinrich Paes tells the incredible history of the neutrinos. These completely crazy particles present to the physicists the possibly greatest scientific discovery of the century: By latest measurements they exceed in their voyage through the dimension even the light velocity - by Albert Einstein the absolute cosmic tempo limit. Had the greatest physicists of all times been wrong?

The perfect wave. With neutrinos to the limits of space and time or why particle physics is like surfing. 2 ed.; Die perfekte Welle. Mit Neutrinos an die Grenzen von Raum und Zeit oder warum Teilchenphysik wie Surfen ist

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Paes, Heinrich [TU Dortmund (Germany). Theoretische Hochenergie- und Astroteilchen-Physik

2011-07-01

Heinrich Paes tells the incredible history of the neutrinos. These completely crazy particles present to the physicists the possibly greatest scientific discovery of the century: By latest measurements they exceed in their voyage through the dimension even the light velocity - by Albert Einstein the absolute cosmic tempo limit. Had the greatest physicists of all times been wrong?.

Suitability of GaN and LDMOS for 70–82% efficiency 120–200W HPA addressing spaceborne P-band radar applications

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Le Gallou, N.; Vidkjær, Jens; Poivey, C.

2012-01-01

This paper addresses the development of P-band (435 MHz) HPA based on different technologies (GaN HEMT, LDMOS FET) for future use in pace radar applications in the context of the Biomass project. In particular best in class PAE of 70%–82% is targeted and achieved for power levels of 120W. In order...

Kättpidi Veneetsias / Karin Paulus

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Paulus, Karin, 1975-

2006-01-01

Muljeid X rahvusvaheliselt Veneetsia arhitektuuribiennaalilt "Linnad. Arhitektuur ja ühiskond", kuraator Richard Burdett. Ülar Margi kureeritud projektist "Joint Space", kommenteerib Rein Ahas. Väljavõtteid Rem Koolhaasi ja Jacques Herzogi esinemisest Arsenales. Andres Sevtshuki kureeritud projektist. Kuldlõvi auhinna pälvis inglise arhitekt Richard Rogers (sünd. 1933). Bernard Tschumi elliptilise linna projekti kommenteerib Kaja Pae

Forskelle på ordinationsmønstret af analgetika ved behandling af cancersmerter på seks danske smertebehandlingsenheder

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Olesen, Anne Estrup; Jarvig, Line; Hansen, Ole Bo

2007-01-01

. For the treatment of background pain opioids were prescribed for the majority of the cancer patients. Morphine and oxycodone were prescribed most frequently. Secondary analgesics and paracetamol and/or NSAID were also prescribed for background pain. The strong opioids were prescribed for the treatment......30-40% of cancer patients suffer from pain at diagnosis while 70-80% of patients at progressed stages of the disease suffer from pain. Background pain is treated with long-acting opioids. Breakthrough pain can be treated with shorter acting non-opioid analgesics or opioids. The aim of this study...... was to describe the medical treatment of pain in cancer patients in connection with six Danish hospital units with special expertise in pain treatment. Differences in the prescription of analgesics were studied. The study was performed as a cross section study of prescribed analgesics. Data was collected...

Modernitet og forbrugskultur i Chile

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Cristoffanini, Pablo Rolando

2012-01-01

I de sidste årtier er Chile blevet et egentligt forbrugersamfund. Udbredelsen af forbrugskulturen og forbrugerismen er centrale fænomener i chilenernes dagligliv og har nået et omfang, som har konsekvenser for de borgere, der ikke kan deltage fuldt ud heri, noget som er typisk for et samfund med en...... ujævn økonomisk udvikling og med store sociale forskelle. Denne proces er ikke et produkt af en stille, fredelig og naturlig samfundsudvikling, således som magteliten og de toneangivende intellektuelle i Chile har fremstillet det. Som jeg vil vise, er skabelsen af et egentlig forbrugssamfund knyttet til...... til i dag. Ifølge disse er Chile blevet et moderne samfund netop i kraft af, at Chile er et ægte forbrugersamfund med alt, hvad dette indebærer, såvel materielt som symbolsk. For det tredje er billedet af Chile som en ”supermoderne” nation i den latinamerikanske kontekst en udbredt forestilling hos...

Maskuliniteter i bevægelse?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christensen, Ann-Dorte; Hansen, Claus D.; Bloksgaard, Lotte

. Datamaterialet bygger især på en spørgeskemaundersøgelse med svar fra mere end 4.000 mandlige ambulancereddere og slagteriarbejdere som indgår som hovedundersøgelse i forskningsprojektet ”MARS – Mænd, arbejdsulykker og sikkerhed”. (se yderligere: http://www.soc.aau.dk/forskning/mars/forside). Projektet har til...... hensigt at undersøge sammenhænge mellem maskulinitet, arbejdsmiljø og arbejdsulykker i de to mandedominerede brancher. I papiret vil der især blive inddraget resultater fra de to kvantitative undersøgelser, men der vil også i blive inddraget resultater fra fem supplerende fokusgruppeinterviews, der er....... ambulancereddernes og slagteriarbejdernes relation til familie og omsorg. Fra de foreløbige resultater (som kun omfatter ambulanceredderne) kan vi allerede se, at der er markante forskelle mellem samboende unge og ældre reddere: Eksempelvis er der blot 7% af de 60 årige laver selv mad, mens det er 20 % blandt de 18...

Sygdomsrelateret adfærd og sociale stereotyper

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Tørring, Marie Louise; Andersen, Rikke Sand

2008-01-01

Som lægmandskategorier bruges stereotyper til at præsentere en given gruppes essentielle eller iboende kulturelle værdier. Det er også tilfældet indenfor sundhedsvæsnet, hvor stereotyper ofte bruges som billeder på kønslige og kulturelle forskelle. Her opstår stereotyper som blandt andet 'den...... hypokondriske kvinde' og 'den jyske landmand'. Formålet med denne artikel er at diskutere de sociale stereotypers funktion i sundhedsvæsnet ud fra et antropologisk perspektiv. Vi ønsker at bidrage til en processuel forståelse af, hvordan sociale stereotyper benyttes i forhold til sygdomsrelateret adfærd....... Artiklen tager udgangspunkt i to kvalitative studier af henholdsvis lægesøgningsadfærd blandt danske kræftpatienter og postoperativ smertebehandlingspraksis i Danmark og Italien. Det er artiklens hovedargument at stereotyper har en social funktion, mere end de er en præsentation af den sociale virkelighed...

Open Access kortlægning 2011

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Elbæk, Mikael; Hansen, Tove Juul; Larsen, Asger V.

Denne rapport viser, at det faglige domæne er en meget stærk faktor i forhold til, hvor stor en andel af forskningsoutputtet, der er open access. Rapporten viser, at der er forskelle mellem universiteterne som ikke alene kan forklares med faglige faktorer, men forklaringerne må findes andre steder......, det kunne være lokale procedurer, kultur eller strukturer (politikker). Dette tager rapporten dog ikke stilling til. Andelen af gylden open access ligger relativt stabilt på tværs af universiteterne, med en andel mellem 6 – 10 % af den samlede publicering i peer reviewede tidsskrifter. Dermed er grøn...... open access den væsentligste faktor som adskiller universiteternes samlede open access andel. Endvidere viser rapporten, at der er et meget stort uudnyttet open access potentiale på alle universiteterne. Faktisk kunne mere end 5.000 flere BFI-pointgivende artikler være open access, dvs. at 71 % af det...

Fat crystallization in dairy products

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rønholt, Stine

har et mere kompakt krystalnetvrk sammenlignet med AMF produkterne. Resultatet er dog anderledes hvis fraktionen af fedtdråber ændres, idet en reduceret mængde fedtdråber resulterer i høj G' (Artikel VI). Under videre opbevaring ved 5 C vil effekten af efter krystallisation dominere både mikrostruktur...... population af beta-krystaller og spor af . De undersøgte produktionsparametre påvirker dog, i alle de 28 dage undersgt, bagesmrets evne til at bevare krystalnetvrket til trods for gentagen kraft påvirkning. Både kort opholdstid og øget rotationshastighed øger bagesmørets evne til at modstå nedbrydning. Det....... Resultaterne understreger dog samtidig at efter krystallisation under efterfølgende opbevaring reducerer de indledningsvist observerede forskelle i reologiske egenskaber, mikrostruktur og krystal struktur. Fra et industrielt synspunkt betyder dette, at der er et bredt produktionsmæssigt vindue til at producere...

Hovedstrømninger i dansk film- og medieforskning

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ib Bondebjerg

2000-09-01

Full Text Available Medieforskningen er i dansk sammenhæng endnu ung som institutionali- seret videnskab. Ikke desto mindre kan fagets videnskabsteoretiske grundlag periodiseres ved hjælp af en række markante bølger. Semiolo- gien og tysk inspireret kulturkritik og offentlighedsteori i 1970'erne, en re- ceptionsanalytisk modstrømning 1980'erne, samt nyere sociologisk teori og kognitionsforskning i 1990'erne. På baggrund af disse hovedstrøm- ninger skitserer Ib Bondebjerg kontroverserne og den teoretiske udvikling i dansk medievidenskab. Fremstillingen af disse brydninger hviler dog på denne pointe: at der bag de markante forskelle ligger en udbredt konsen- sus, som udgør selve sammenhængen i dansk medieforskning. Fælles for de forskellige teoretiske perspektiver er nemlig, at de på hver deres måde sætter institution/samfund, tekst/æstetik og modtager i forhold til hinanden. Det er imidlertid betoningen af tyngdepunktet i denne relation, der er forskellig.

Chapter 8: Soy Properties and Soy Wood Adhesives

Science.gov (United States)

Charles R. Frihart; Michael J. Birkeland

2014-01-01

Soy flour has been used for many years as a wood adhesive. Rapid development of petroleum-based infrastructure coupled with advancement of synthetic resin technology resulted in waning usage since the early 1960s. Discovery of using polyamidoamine–epichlorohydrin (PAE) resin as a co-reactant has been effective in increasing the wet bond strength of soy adhesives and...

F-16 Task Analysis Criterion-Referenced Objective and Objectives Hierarchy Report. Volume 3

Science.gov (United States)

1981-03-01

dQescribe the next , 6beclfic action. to "tke in performing our, jottack using HUD back-up lAW Phase lanui. (Pooe: 768 ) Pace: 768 usi 9 HD back-up. a(Pae:767...aircraft I Given a photograph or Uiven a photograph or Givers a photograph or drawing of a drawing of a friendly drawing of a hinrese rsa -pact military

Multiple-Purpose Project: Platte River Basin, Little Platte River, Missouri, Smithville Lake; Operation and Maintenance Manual. Appendix 5. Embankment Criteria and Performance Report. Supplement 1.

Science.gov (United States)

1987-03-01

13-inch diameter rockbits and self-destroying organic polymer drilling fluid through the Raytovn Limestone. Installation details are shov on plate A...c I CtY~rso’~’f A~y/ew7 ~Es~pAm- .1,ENA~ -kPAE O TOP OF BEOPOCK CORITOUMS aRJC SU8 L FT ABEUTMENT SCALE 1󈧶 /A\\/ ~lQ. 10 _ _ _ __ 1 EMBANKMENT TOE

Alternate Fuel Cell Membranes for Energy Independence

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Storey, Robson, F.; Mauritz, Kenneth, A.; Patton, Derek, L.; Savin, Daniel, A.

2012-12-18

The overall objective of this project was the development and evaluation of novel hydrocarbon fuel cell (FC) membranes that possess high temperature performance and long term chemical/mechanical durability in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells (FC). The major research theme was synthesis of aromatic hydrocarbon polymers of the poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PAES) type containing sulfonic acid groups tethered to the backbone via perfluorinated alkylene linkages and in some cases also directly attached to the phenylene groups along the backbone. Other research themes were the use of nitrogen-based heterocyclics instead of acid groups for proton conduction, which provides high temperature, low relative humidity membranes with high mechanical/thermal/chemical stability and pendant moieties that exhibit high proton conductivities in the absence of water, and synthesis of block copolymers consisting of a proton conducting block coupled to poly(perfluorinated propylene oxide) (PFPO) blocks. Accomplishments of the project were as follows: 1) establishment of a vertically integrated program of synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of FC membranes, 2) establishment of benchmark membrane performance data based on Nafion for comparison to experimental membrane performance, 3) development of a new perfluoroalkyl sulfonate monomer, N,N-diisopropylethylammonium 2,2-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl) pentafluoropropanesulfonate (HPPS), 4) synthesis of random and block copolymer membranes from HPPS, 5) synthesis of block copolymer membranes containing high-acid-concentration hydrophilic blocks consisting of HPPS and 3,3'-disulfonate-4,4'-dichlorodiphenylsulfone (sDCDPS), 6) development of synthetic routes to aromatic polymer backbones containing pendent 1H-1,2,3-triazole moieties, 7) development of coupling strategies to create phase-separated block copolymers between hydrophilic sulfonated prepolymers and commodity polymers such as PFPO, 8) establishment of basic

Shape Effect on the Temperature Field during Microwave Heating Process

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Zhijun Zhang

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Aiming at improving the food quality during microwave process, this article mainly focused on the numerical simulation of shape effect, which was evaluated by microwave power absorption capability and temperature distribution uniformity in a single sample heated in a domestic microwave oven. This article only took the electromagnetic field and heat conduction in solid into consideration. The Maxwell equations were used to calculate the distribution of microwave electromagnetic field distribution in the microwave cavity and samples; then the electromagnetic energy was coupled as the heat source in the heat conduction process in samples. Quantitatively, the power absorption capability and temperature distribution uniformity were, respectively, described by power absorption efficiency (PAE and the statistical variation of coefficient (COV. In addition, we defined the comprehensive evaluation coefficient (CEC to describe the usability of a specific sample. In accordance with volume or the wave numbers and penetration numbers in the radial and axial directions of samples, they can be classified into different groups. And according to the PAE, COV, and CEC value and the specific need of microwave process, an optimal sample shape and orientation could be decided.

An Optimized 2.4GHz RF Power Amplifier Performance for WLAN System

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ali, Mohammed H; Chakrabarty, C K; Hock, Goh C; Abdalla, Ahmed N

2013-01-01

Recently, the design of RF power amplifiers (PAs) for modern wireless systems are faced with a difficult tradeoff for example, cellphone; battery lifetime is largely determined by the power efficiency of the PA and high spectral efficiency which have ability to transmit data at the highest possible rate for a given channel bandwidth. This paper presents the design a multi stage class AB power Amplifier with high power added efficiency (PAE) and acceptable linearity for the WLAN applications. The open-circuited third harmonic control circuit enhances the efficiency of the PA without deteriorating the linearity of class-AB mode of the PA. The voltage and current waveforms are simulated to evaluate the appropriate operation for the modes. The effectiveness of the proposed controller has been verified by comparing proposed method with another methods using simulation study under a variety of conditions. The proposed circuit operation for a WLAN signals delivers a power-added efficiency (PAE) of 37.6% is measured at 31.6-dBm output power while dissipating 34.61 mA from a 1.8V supply. Finally, the proposed PA is show a good and acceptable result for the WLAN system.

Distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls, phthalic acid esters, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine substances in the Moscow River, Russia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Eremina, Natalia; Paschke, Albrecht; Mazlova, Elena A.; Schüürmann, Gerrit

2016-01-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the levels of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), phthalic acid esters (PAE), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and organochlorine substances (OCP) in the Moscow River water. Some studies have reported the occurrence of these substances in the soil of the Moscow region; however, no study has yet established an overview for these compounds in the Moscow River water. In this study the Moscow River water contamination with PAEs, PAHs and OCPs was determined. Obtained results were associated with the resident area located on the river bank, and the possible contamination sources were considered. The obtained data were compared with the data on the contamination of the different world-wide rivers. This research indicates the further study necessity of the Moscow region to cover more contaminated sites and environmental compartments. - Highlights: • The monitoring system creation of the Moscow River is necessary. • The wastewater plant is the source of the river contamination with triclosan. • The Moscow River is contaminated with the low chlorinated biphenyls. • There is a background contamination of the Moscow River with phthalates. - The organic pollutants contamination levels of the Moscow River were investigated.

On-chip power-combining techniques for watt-level linear power amplifiers in 0.18 μm CMOS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ren Zhixiong; Zhang Kefeng; Liu Lanqi; Li Cong; Chen Xiaofei; Liu Dongsheng; Liu Zhenglin; Zou Xuecheng

2015-01-01

Three linear CMOS power amplifiers (PAs) with high output power (more than watt-level output power) for high data-rate mobile applications are introduced. To realize watt-level output power, there are two 2.4 GHz PAs using an on-chip parallel combining transformer (PCT) and one 1.95 GHz PA using an on-chip series combining transformer (SCT) to combine output signals of multiple power stages. Furthermore, some linearization techniques including adaptive bias, diode linearizer, multi-gated transistors (MGTR) and the second harmonic control are applied in these PAs. Using the proposed power combiner, these three PAs are designed and fabricated in TSMC 0.18 μm RFCMOS process. According to the measurement results, the proposed two linear 2.4 GHz PAs achieve a gain of 33.2 dB and 34.3 dB, a maximum output power of 30.7 dBm and 29.4 dBm, with 29% and 31.3% of peak PAE, respectively. According to the simulation results, the presented linear 1.95 GHz PA achieves a gain of 37.5 dB, a maximum output power of 34.3 dBm with 36.3% of peak PAE. (paper)

An Optimized 2.4GHz RF Power Amplifier Performance for WLAN System

Science.gov (United States)

Ali, Mohammed H.; Chakrabarty, C. K.; Abdalla, Ahmed N.; Hock, Goh C.

2013-06-01

Recently, the design of RF power amplifiers (PAs) for modern wireless systems are faced with a difficult tradeoff for example, cellphone; battery lifetime is largely determined by the power efficiency of the PA and high spectral efficiency which have ability to transmit data at the highest possible rate for a given channel bandwidth. This paper presents the design a multi stage class AB power Amplifier with high power added efficiency (PAE) and acceptable linearity for the WLAN applications. The open-circuited third harmonic control circuit enhances the efficiency of the PA without deteriorating the linearity of class-AB mode of the PA. The voltage and current waveforms are simulated to evaluate the appropriate operation for the modes. The effectiveness of the proposed controller has been verified by comparing proposed method with another methods using simulation study under a variety of conditions. The proposed circuit operation for a WLAN signals delivers a power-added efficiency (PAE) of 37.6% is measured at 31.6-dBm output power while dissipating 34.61 mA from a 1.8V supply. Finally, the proposed PA is show a good and acceptable result for the WLAN system.

Toomas Annus : meiega ei õnnestu küll kellelgi kokku leppida / Toomas Annus ; interv. Toivo Tänavsuu

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Annus, Toomas, 1960-

2006-01-01

Ehitusfirma Merko nõukogu esimees vastab küsimustele, mis puudutavad olukorda Eesti kinnisvaraturul, häirivat ehituses ja linnaplaneerimises, klannimajandust, millest kirjutas Hans H. Luik, Pae karjääri, Sakala keskusega seotut, poliitiliste jõudude toetamist mõttemalli, et rikastele on rohkem lubatud ning sellega seoses Oliver Kruuda ebaseaduslikku võsalangetust, rikkust, ajakirjandust. Lisa: Merko käive ja kasum on jõudsalt kasvanud

The 1996 IDA Cost Research Symposium.

Science.gov (United States)

1996-08-01

5160 Christopher Deegan (703)602-6575 Performer: Naval Surface Warfare Center (211) Carderock Division, NSWC/CD Bethesda, Maryland 20084-5000...Moore (703) 602-0330, ext 208 Cost Engineering Research, Inc. 2011 Crystal Drive Arlington, VA 22202-3717 Bill Hugo Bob Craig Classification...Director, Force and Infrastructure Cost Analysis Division OD (PA&E) Room 2D278, The Pentagon Washington, DC 20301 Dr. Craig College LMI John Wallace

Lutshshije sooruzhenija iz stalnõh konstruktsii 2002-2006 godov / Riho Oras

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Oras, Riho

2006-01-01

Eesti Teraskonstruktsiooniühingu korraldatud konkursist "Terasehitis 2006", võidu- ja silmapaistnud töödest, žürii koosseis. Parim teraskonstruktsioon: Riga Arena katusekonstruktsioon, auhind Maru kontsernile. Parim teraskonstruktsiooniga tervikehitis: spordimaja A. Le Coq Sport Tartus, arhitekt Eero Palm, konstruktsioonide koostaja AS Randväli & Karema. Parima arhitektuurse lahendusega terasehitis: Eesti Panga galerii, arhitektid Ülar Mark, Kaja Pae (AB Urban Mark), konstruktsioonilahendus: IB Peipman OÜ

Forskelle og ligheder i oplevelsen af arbejdsmiljøet i ældreplejen i ni kommuner fra 2005-2008

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Clausen, Thomas; Bern, Stine Hvid; Carnelro, Isabella Gomes

Formålet med nærværende rapport er at undersøge, hvordan arbejdsmiljø, helbred og trivsel udviklede sig blandt medarbejderne i ældreplejen i de ni kommuner, som deltog i de tre runder af spørgeskemaundersøgelsen Arbejde i ældreplejen, der blev gennemført i 2005, 2006 og 2008. I rapporten har vi...... sammenlignet udviklingen i arbejdsmiljø, helbred og trivsel blandt medarbejderne i de ni kommuner ved at se på udviklingen inden for følgende 10 områder: · Fysisk arbejdsmiljø · Smerter i bevægeapparatet · Krav i arbejdet · Ressourcer i arbejdet · Positive tilstande i arbejdet · Helbred og velbefindende...... · Plejekvalitet · Oplevelser af krænkende adfærd · Sygefravær · Forventninger om arbejdsophør. Undersøgelsen viser, at der inden for nogle af de analyserede områder af arbejdsmiljøet findes en relativt begrænset spredning mellem de ni kommuner, der har deltaget i de tre runder i undersøgelsen 'Arbejde i...

Environmental Assessment for the Operation and Launch of the Falcon 1 and Falcon 9 Space Vehicles at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Florida

Science.gov (United States)

2007-11-01

Florida, the Pacific Ocean off the coast of California, or the Pacific Ocean near the Marshall Islands . Dragon Capsule Re-entry and Recovery The...California and a third location is in the equatorial Pacific near the Marshall Islands . The capsule would be directed along a pre-planned trajectory to...Water Separator PAE Potentially Adverse Effect PAFB Patrick Air Force Base PAH Poly-nuclear aromatic hydrocarbons Pb lead PCB Poly

developpement des systemes de production innovants d'association ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Dans ce contexte de crises récurrentes, le projet. « Conception de systèmes de production innovants à base de Mucuna et autres cultures fourragères » a été exécuté en zone subhumide du Mali et du Burkina Faso dans le cadre du. Projet d'Appui à l'Enseignement Supérieur. (PAES) dans les pays de l'Union Economique.

Accounting Conservatism and Earnings Management in the Banking Industry: The effect of discretionary loan loss provisions on conditional accounting conservatism in the United States banking industry for the period of 2002 to 2007

OpenAIRE

Molenaar, John

2010-01-01

textabstractExecutive summary Previous studies have examined the relation between accounting conservatism and earnings management. Those studies conclude that accounting conservatism reflected in earnings is explained mostly by the accrual component of earnings instead of the cash flow component (Roychowdhury and Watts, 2006 and Pae, 2007). To measure earnings management, the accrual component of earnings is often used. Because of the different nature of accruals at financial firms, in prior ...

Bis(phenylethylamide) derivatives of Gd-DTPA as potential receptor-specific MRI contrast agents

OpenAIRE

Laurent, Sophie; Parac-Vogt, Tatjana; Kimpe, Kristof; Thirifays, Coralie; Binnemans, Koen; Muller, Robert N.; Vander Elst, Luce

2007-01-01

DTPA-bis(amide) derivatives bearing phenyl, phenol or catechol groups that mimic side chains of naturally occurring amino acids, such as phenylatanine, tyrosine or dopamine, were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, electrospray mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy. The gadolinium(III) complexes of the ligands DTPA-bis(tyramide) [DTPA-(TA)(2)], DTPA-bis(3-hydroxytyramide) [DTPA-(HTA)(2)] and DTPA-bis(phenylalanine ethyl ester) [DTPA-(PAE)(2)], were prepared ...

Drinking-water-criteria document for phthalic acid esters (PAES). Final report

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1991-08-01

The document provides the health effects basis to be considered in establishing the MCLG. To achieve the objective, data on pharmacokinetics human exposure, acute and chronic toxicity to animals and humans, epidemiology and mechanisms of toxicity are evaluated for phthalic acid esters. Specific emphasis is placed on literature data providing dose-response information. Thus, while the literature search and evaluation performed in support of the document has been comprehensive, only the reports considered most pertinent in the derivation of the MCLG are cited in the document. The comprehensive literature data base in support of the document includes information published up to 1986; however, more recent data may have been added during the review process

Review: Micro-organic contaminants in groundwater in China

Science.gov (United States)

Dong, Weihong; Xie, Wei; Su, Xiaosi; Wen, Chuanlei; Cao, Zhipeng; Wan, Yuyu

2018-03-01

Micro-organic contaminants (MOs) in groundwater, which may have adverse effects on human health and ecosystems worldwide, are gaining increased attention in China. A great deal of research has been conducted to investigate their sources, occurrences and behavior in aquifers. This paper reviews the main sources, distribution, concentrations and behavior of a wide range of MOs in groundwater in China. These MOs include well-established persistent organic pollutants—polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), endocrine disrupting chemicals (poly brominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), phthalic acid esters (PAEs), bisphenol A (BPA)—and some contaminants of emerging concern such as pharmaceutical and personal care products (antibiotics, caffeine, shampoos) and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). The results reveal that the main MOs in groundwater are PAHs, organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), PBDEs, PAEs, and antibiotics. Moreover, some PFCs such as perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) have only recently been observed in groundwater as emerging organic contaminants. Additionally, most MOs are distributed in populated and industrialized areas such as the southeast coast of China. Finally, industrial emissions, wastewater treatment plant effluents and agricultural wastewater are found to be dominant sources of MOs in groundwater. Based on the existing pollution levels, regulation and amelioration of MOs are warranted.

[Variations in the epidemiolgy of adverse events: methodology of the Harvard Medical Practice Design].

Science.gov (United States)

Lessing, C; Schmitz, A; Schrappe, M

2012-02-01

The Harvard Medical Practice (HMP) Design is based on a multi-staged retrospective review of inpatient records and is used to assess the frequency of (preventable) adverse events ([P]AE) in large study populations. Up to now HMP studies have been conducted in 9 countries. Results differ largely from 2.9% to 3.7% of patients with AE in the USA up to 16.6% in Australia. In our analysis we systematically compare the methodology of 9 HMP studies published in the English language and discuss possible impacts on reported frequencies. Modifications in HMP studies can be individualised from each stage of planning, conducting, and reporting results. In doing so 2 studies from the USA with lowest rates of AE can be characterised by their context of liability and the absence of screening for nosocomial infections. Studies with a high proportion of AE are marked by an intense training of reviewers. Further conclusions are hindered by divergences in defining periods of observation, by presenting frequencies as cumulative prevalences, and differences in the reporting of study results. As a consequence future HMP studies should go for complete, consistent and transparent coverage. Further research should concentrate on advancing methods for collecting data on (P)AE. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

The TransPetro emergency response system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Filho, A.T.F.; Cardoso, V.F.; Carbone, R.; Berardinelli, R.P. [Petrobras-TransPetro, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil); Carvalho, M.T.M.; Casanova, M.A. [Pontificia Univ. Catolica, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Dept. de Informatica, TeCGraf

2004-07-01

Petrobras-TransPetro developed the TransPetro Emergency Response System in response to emergency situations at large oil pipelines or at terminal facilities located in sea or river harbour areas. The standard of excellence includes full compliance with environmental regulations set by the federal government. A distributed workflow management software called InfoPAE forms the basis of the system in which actions are defined, along with geographic and conventional data. The first prototype of InfoPAE was installed in 1999. Currently it is operational in nearly 80 installations. The basic concepts and functionality of the TransPetro Emergency Response System were outlined in this paper with reference to the mitigative actions that are based on an evaluation of the organization of the emergency teams; the communication procedures; characterization of the installations; definition of accidental scenarios; environmental sensitivity maps; simulation of oil spill trajectories and dispersion behaviour; geographical data of the area surrounding the installations; and, other conventional data related to the installations, including available equipment. The emergency response team can take action as soon as an accident is detected. The action plan involves characterizing several scenarios and delegating mitigative actions to specific sub-teams, each with access to geographic data on the region where the emergency occurred. 13 refs., 3 figs.

Occurrence of priority organic pollutants in the fertilizers, China.

Science.gov (United States)

Mo, Ce-Hui; Cai, Quan-Ying; Li, Yun-Hui; Zeng, Qiao-Yun

2008-04-15

The use of large quantities of chemical fertilizers is usually associated with environmental problems. A lot of work has been done on the concentrations of heavy metals and radionuclides in chemical fertilizers, but little work has focused on the occurrence of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs). In this study the occurrence of 43 SVOCs listed as priority pollutants in 22 widely used-fertilizers of China was determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Twenty-six SVOCs were detected with different detection frequencies and concentrations. The most abundant compounds were phthalic acid esters (PAEs; ranging from 1.17 to 2795 microg kg(-1) dry weight, d.w.) and nitroaromatics (up to 9765 microg kg(-1) d.w.), followed by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; fertilizers, and the total concentrations of each class of contaminants varied widely, too. The highest levels of sum concentration for 16 PAHs, for 6 PAEs and for nitroaromatics were found in organic fertilizer containing pesticide and soil amendments. Concentrations of SVOCs in coated fertilizers (the controlled release fertilizer with coating) were considerably higher than those in the corresponding fertilizers without coating. The occurrence frequencies of SVOCs in the straight fertilizers (containing only one of the major plant nutrients) were lower than in the other fertilizers.

Characterisation and genome sequence of the lytic Acinetobacter baumannii bacteriophage vB_AbaS_Loki.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Dann Turner

Full Text Available Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen in healthcare and community settings. While over 100 of Acinetobacter phages have been described in the literature, relatively few have been sequenced. This work describes the characterisation and genome annotation of a new lytic Acinetobacter siphovirus, vB_AbaS_Loki, isolated from activated sewage sludge. Sequencing revealed that Loki encapsulates a 41,308 bp genome, encoding 51 predicted open reading frames. Loki is most closely related to Acinetobacter phage IME_AB3 and more distantly related to Burkholderia phage KL1, Paracoccus phage vB_PmaS_IMEP1 and Pseudomonas phages vB_Pae_Kakheti25, vB_PaeS_SCH_Ab26 and PA73. Loki is characterised by a narrow host range, among the 40 Acinetobacter isolates tested, productive infection was only observed for the propagating host, A. baumannii ATCC 17978. Plaque formation was found to be dependent upon the presence of Ca2+ ions and adsorption to host cells was abolished upon incubation with a mutant of ATCC 17978 encoding a premature stop codon in lpxA. The complete genome sequence of vB_AbaS_Loki was deposited in the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA under the accession number LN890663.

Relationship of some upland rice genotype after gamma irradiation

Science.gov (United States)

Suliartini, N. W. S.; Wijayanto, T.; Madiki, A.; Boer, D.; Muhidin; Juniawan

2018-02-01

The objective of the research was to group local upland rice genotypes after being treated with gamma irradiation. The research materials were upland rice genotypes resulted from mutation of the second generation and two parents: Pae Loilo (K3D0) and Pae Pongasi (K2D0) Cultivars. The research was conducted at the Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute, Malang Regency, and used the augmented design method. Research data were analyzed with R Program. Eight hundred and seventy one genotypes were selected with the selection criteria were based on yields on the average parents added 1.5 standard deviation. Based on the selection, eighty genotypes were analyzed with cluster analyses. Nine observation variables were used to develop cluster dendrogram using average linked method. Genetic distance was measured by euclidean distance. The results of cluster dendrogram showed that tested genotypes were divided into eight groups. Group 1, 2, 7, and 8 each had one genotype, group 3 and 6 each had two genotypes, group 4 had 25 genotypes, and group 5 had 51 genotypes. Check genotypes formed a separate group. Group 6 had the highest yield per plant of 126.11 gram, followed by groups 5 and 4 of 97.63 and 94.08 gram, respectively.

Smart Porous Silicon Nanoparticles with Polymeric Coatings for Sequential Combination Therapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Wujun; Thapa, Rinez; Liu, Dongfei; Nissinen, Tuomo; Granroth, Sari; Närvänen, Ale; Suvanto, Mika; Santos, Hélder A; Lehto, Vesa-Pekka

2015-11-02

In spite of the advances in drug delivery, the preparation of smart nanocomposites capable of precisely controlled release of multiple drugs for sequential combination therapy is still challenging. Here, a novel drug delivery nanocomposite was prepared by coating porous silicon (PSi) nanoparticles with poly(beta-amino ester) (PAE) and Pluronic F-127, respectively. Two anticancer drugs, doxorubicin (DOX) and paclitaxel (PTX), were separately loaded into the core of PSi and the shell of F127. The nanocomposite displayed enhanced colloidal stability and good cytocompatibility. Moreover, a spatiotemporal drug release was achieved for sequential combination therapy by precisely controlling the release kinetics of the two tested drugs. The release of PTX and DOX occurred in a time-staggered manner; PTX was released much faster and earlier than DOX at pH 7.0. The grafted PAE on the external surface of PSi acted as a pH-responsive nanovalve for the site-specific release of DOX. In vitro cytotoxicity tests demonstrated that the DOX and PTX coloaded nanoparticles exhibited a better synergistic effect than the free drugs in inducing cellular apoptosis. Therefore, the present study demonstrates a promising strategy to enhance the efficiency of combination cancer therapies by precisely controlling the release kinetics of different drugs.

Toxic effects of several phthalate esters on the embryos and larvae of abalone Haliotis diversicolor supertexta

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Zhihui; Zhang, Xiangjing; Cai, Zhonghua

2009-05-01

As the most widely used plasticizers in the world, phthalate esters (PAEs) are potential endocrine disruption compounds (EDCs). In the present study, the toxicity of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on embryogenesis and larvae development of the marine univalve Haliotis diversicolor supertexta was examined in laboratory. The results show that the malformation of embryos appeared during the experiment, such as embryos died or lysed, small transparent flocculent rings studded on the periphery of the embryo, and the larvae could failed to hatch. In embryo toxic test, embryos incubated at the highest concentration of DMP, DEP and DBP solutions showed significantly high abnormal rate compared with the control, while DEHP solutions displayed no significant difference. In larval toxic test, in all concentrations of DMP, DEP and DBP solutions, larval settlement rates were low significantly than that of the control. Similarly, DEHP solutions show nearly no effect on the larval settlement. The order of toxicity on embryos and larvae is DBP>DEP>DMP>DEHP. Being a simple and easy stimulation to indoor spawn, sensitive to environmental factors, and short culture time, the embryos of H. diversicolor supertexta can be used to indicate toxicity of the PAEs.

Selektiv avl af racehunde og -katte

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sandøe, Peter; Meyer, Iben Helene Coakley; Fredholm, Merete

2014-01-01

Dette kapitel ser nærmere på de velfærdsmæssige problemstillinger, der opstår som følge af måden, hvorpå racehunde og -katte påvirkes gennem selektiv avl. Først beskrives, hvordan avlen af racehunde og -katte er organiseret. Dernæst gøres der rede for de dyrevelfærdsmæssige konsekvenser heraf....... Selektiv avl af hunde og katte tjener til at vedligeholde en stor racemæssig diversitet. De racemæssige forskelle gør det muligt for mennesker at vælge især hunde, der har nogle egenskaber, som passer til individuelle behov og ønsker. Desværre er der også en række bivirkninger for de pågældende dyrs...... problemer, som knytter sig til selektiv avl af racehunde og -katte, gennemgås og diskuteres mulige praktiske tiltag, som kan trække udviklingen i retning af at reducere forekomsten af disse problemer....

Per Nørgårds “nordiske" periode

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Rie B.; Bonde, Anders

1997-01-01

s. 491-653 + bilag  Per Nørgård (f. 1932) er en af de nulevende danske komponister, hvis musik har givet anledning til flest skriverier. Det være sig i bøger, aviser, tidsskrifter m.m. Samtidigt foreligger fra komponisten selv et væld af artikler og manuskripter, omhandlende musikteori, analyser......, kulturkritik m.m. I en lang række af disse skrifter fra især 1980'erne og 1990'erne dukker ordet "interferens" til stadighed op i såvel Per Nørgårds egne som andres udtalelser og kommentarer, knyttet til hans kompositoriske virke. Interferensfænomenet har med tiden vist sig at have en helt central placering i...... forbindelse med hans musik, dog uden at der på noget tidspunkt er opstillet fyldestgørende definitioner af begrebet. Samtidig har Per Nørgård flere gange fremhævet, hvorledes interferensen synes at stå som en overordnet fællesnævner for hele hans produktion trods store stilistiske forskelle. Som følge deraf...

Kroppen som monitor

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Filges, Tine

2005-01-01

Tine Filges tager fat i de unges brug og forhold til porno, og har som en central pointe, at unge langt fra er en homogen gruppe. Der er væsentlige forskelle i unges forhold til deres krop. Dette lyder måske banalt og indlysende, men det er en pointe, der ofte glemmes i den offentlige debat om unge...... og deres kroppe. Abstract: Unges kroppe forbindes ofte med risici og farer. Vi lurer farer alle steder, og medierne er fulde af overskrifter: Fedmeepidemier. Unge med åreforkalkning. Druk. Porno. Spiseforstyrrelser. Selvskadende adfærd. I takt med at kroppen monitoreres, er den i stigende grad blevet...... koloniseret af en bekymret hær af forskere, forældre, pædagoger og terapeuter. Vi spørger ængsteligt: Vil de unge lave deres krop om livet igennem? Vil de virkelig have plastik i brysterne? Vil den næste generation tage Viagra som 18-årige? Kan unge indgå i intime relationer, når de er vokset op med porno på...

Moderate Maternal Alcohol Exposure on Gestational Day 12 Impacts Anxiety-Like Behavior in Offspring

OpenAIRE

Rouzer, Siara K.; Cole, Jesse M.; Johnson, Julia M.; Varlinskaya, Elena I.; Diaz, Marvin R.

2017-01-01

Among the numerous consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is an increase in anxiety-like behavior that can prove debilitating to daily functioning. A significant body of literature has linked gestational day 12 (G12) heavy ethanol exposure with social anxiety, evident in adolescent males and females. However, the association between non-social anxiety-like behavior and moderate alcohol exposure, a more common pattern of drinking in pregnant women, is yet unidentified. To model modera...

Design and Construction of Foundations in Areas of Deep Seasonal Frost and Permafrost.

Science.gov (United States)

1980-08-01

structures in areas of deep seasonal frost and permafrost as developed up to the early 1970’s. It has been pre- pared with the final objective of publication...conditions. 96 .’,’ __________ -_ -- ."- ’ .. : , -. - -i , . .* ,. : . .. . , ,; .. .. ,,.: .’ . .- . : S aM O dPae 4 " Celular Glow ! _ . IoI¢ P...from the interior wall deter- mined by actual measurement at the same Loring AFB building, com- pared with results predicted by flow net analysis and

Fibre Optic Sensors Using Adiabatically Tapered Single Mode Fibres

Science.gov (United States)

1994-02-01

molecules were then coupled hack into the fundamental guided mode of the taper. The level of these emissions was characterised by using a monochromati’r...y y y Pae Ps4 Pase4 Pasc4_ Pase4jPase4 _Pasc4 I pase Plate 3: Can be the bof~tom of Plate 1 after it has been read. P7 28 29 3 31 1 32 PB I PG PG G2 P

Basel II - mis, milleks ja milliste mõjudega laenuvõtjatele?

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Finansovõi Menedzhment : infovõpusk nr. 10 dets. lk. 6-7. Pankade kapitali adekvaatsuse uue raamistiku Basel II tulemuseks võiksid teoreetiliselt olla soodsamad intressid ja laenutingimused, suureneb turudistsipliini roll. Vt. samas: USA ei kiirusta Basel IIga; Mida muudab Basel II panga äriklientide jaoks? Küsimusele vastavad Sampo Panga finantsdirektor Ivar Pae ja SEB Ühispanga krediidi arenduse ja koolituse osakonna juhataja Jaanus Leemets; Kui palju omakapitali vajab pank laenukliendi krediidiriski katteks?

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

O'Leary, D P

2010-01-01

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome is a rare abnormality of the anatomical relationship between the popliteal artery and adjacent muscles or fibrous bands in the popliteal fossa. The following is a case report of a 19 year old female, in whom popliteal artery entrapment syndrome was diagnosed, and successfully treated surgically. A review of literature is also presented and provides details on how PAES is classified, diagnosed both clinically and radiologically, and treated surgically.

Phthalate esters and childhood asthma: A systematic review and congener-specific meta-analysis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Ming-Chieh; Chen, Chi-Hsien; Guo, Yue Leon

2017-01-01

Introduction: Exposure to phthalate esters (PAEs) has been associated with childhood asthma, but the congener-specific effects of PAEs on childhood asthma were unclear. We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze observational studies on the associations between specific effects of PAEs and the risk of childhood asthma. Material and methods: Relevant studies were identified by searching three databases up to October 20, 2016. The reference lists of the retrieved articles were also reviewed. We included observational studies that reported risk estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between phthalate exposure and the risk of childhood asthma. Fixed-effects models were generally applied to calculate pooled risk estimates. When heterogeneity was present, random-effects models were applied. Results: A total of nine studies featuring 43 data points were included in our final meta-analyses. Results indicated that the benzyl butyl phthalate (BBzP) exposure had a significant association with the risk of childhood asthma. The Odd Ratios (ORs) were from 1.39 to 1.41 for different combination strategies. Subgroup analyses by different exposure period or samples used showed that prenatal exposure to BBzP had a stronger association with the risk of childhood asthma (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.09–1.75), compared to those with postnatal exposure. Besides, the association was evident when the phthalate exposure was measured from dust samples. The OR for the associations between di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in dust and childhood asthma was 2.71 (95% CI = 1.39–5.28), and 2.08 (95% CI = 1.10–3.92) for BBzP. Conclusions: Our study suggested a positive association between DEHP and BBzP exposure and childhood asthma. Future studies are warranted to identify the underlying mechanisms of the association. - Highlights: • We identified the risk associated with different phthalates and childhood asthma. • Pooled analysis showed that BBz

Fate of emerging and priority micropollutants during the sewage sludge treatment: Case study of Paris conurbation. Part 1: Contamination of the different types of sewage sludge.

Science.gov (United States)

Mailler, R; Gasperi, J; Patureau, D; Vulliet, E; Delgenes, N; Danel, A; Deshayes, S; Eudes, V; Guerin, S; Moilleron, R; Chebbo, G; Rocher, V

2017-01-01

This article provides data on the contamination of different kinds of sludge (raw, centrifuged, digested, thermally dried sludge and sludge cake) from Paris conurbation by 71 various pollutants including pharmaceutical products (PHPs), hormones, perfluorinated acids (PFAs), linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), alkylphenols (APs), phthalates (PAEs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs). Very high contents of LAS (0.1-10g/kg dry matter - DM) compared to other compounds were found in all types of sludge followed by DEHP (10-100mg/kg DM) and fluoroquinolones (1-100mg/kg DM). APs were measured at intermediary contents in Parisian sludge, lying in the 2-20mg/kg DM range. Finally, hormones, PAHs, PCBs, PAEs, PFAs and the remaining PHPs were all found at contents lower than 1mg/kg DM. For most compounds (PHPs, PFOS, DEHP, PAHs), no significant differences in the micropollutant contents were found for similar types of sludge from different WWTP in Paris, highlighting the homogeneity of sludge contamination in downstream Paris catchment. The variability of concentration is rather high (coefficient of variation >100%) for several PHPs, PFAs or PCBs while it is moderate (PFAs, APs and PCBs. During sludge treatment (centrifugation, digestion, thermal drying, sludge conditioning+press filtration), the hormones, LAS, APs, PAHs, DEHP and PCBs concentrations increased, while those of PHPs and PFAs decreased. In the case of digestion, the increase of content can be explained by no pollutant removal or a lower removal than DM removal (concentration phenomenon) whereas the decrease underlines that the compound is more removed than the DM. In any case, these concentration variations presuppose the mechanisms of dissipation that could be attributed to volatilization, biotic or abiotic transformation (complete or with metabolites production), bound residues formation. In addition, data on sludge liquors - centrifuged (CW) and condensed (TDW) waters

Asymmetric Multilevel Outphasing (AMO): A New Architecture for All-Silicon mm-Wave Transmitter ICs

Science.gov (United States)

2015-06-12

power-amplifiers for mobile basestation infrastructure and handsets. NanoSemi Inc. designs linearization solutions for analog front-ends such as...ward flexible, multi-standard radio chips, increases the need for high-precision, high-throughput and energy-efficient backend processing. The desire...peak PAE is affected by less than 1% (46 mW/(46 mW 1.8 W/0.4)) by this 64-QAM capable AMO SCS backend . 378 IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS, VOL. 48

Serotonin Receptors in the Medulla Oblongata of the Human Fetus and Infant: The Analytic Approach of the International Safe Passage Study

Science.gov (United States)

Folkerth, Rebecca D.; Paterson, David S.; Broadbelt, Kevin G.; Dan Zaharie, S.; Hewlett, Richard H.; Dempers, Johan J.; Burger, Elsie; Wadee, Shabbir; Schubert, Pawel; Wright, Colleen; Sens, Mary Ann; Nelsen, Laura; Randall, Bradley B.; Tran, Hoa; Geldenhuys, Elaine; Elliott, Amy J.; Odendaal, Hein J.; Kinney, Hannah C.

2016-01-01

The Safe Passage Study is an international, prospective study of approximately 12 000 pregnancies to determine the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) upon stillbirth and the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). A key objective of the study is to elucidate adverse effects of PAE upon binding to serotonin (5-HT) 1A receptors in brainstem homeostatic networks postulated to be abnormal in unexplained stillbirth and/or SIDS. We undertook a feasibility assessment of 5-HT1A receptor binding using autoradiography in the medulla oblongata (6 nuclei in 27 cases). 5-HT1A binding was compared to a reference dataset from the San Diego medical examiner’s system. There was no adverse effect of postmortem interval ≤100 h. The distribution and quantitated values of 5-HT1A binding in Safe Passage Study cases were essentially identical to those in the reference dataset, and virtually identical between stillbirths and live born fetal cases in grossly non-macerated tissues. The pattern of binding was present at mid-gestation with dramatic changes in binding levels in the medullary 5-HT nuclei over the second half of gestation; there was a plateau at lower levels in the neonatal period and into infancy. This study demonstrates feasibility of 5-HT1A binding analysis in the medulla in the Safe Passage Study. PMID:27634962

Toxicity effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl phthalate to Eisenia fetida at enzyme, cellular and genetic levels.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tingting Ma

Full Text Available Di-(2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP is a dominant phthalic acid ester (PAE that has aroused public concern due to its resistance to degradation and its toxicity as an endocrine-disrupting compound. Effects of different concentrations of DEHP on Eisenia fetida in spiked natural soil have been studied in the body of the earthworm by means of soil cultivation tests 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after exposure. The results indicated that, in general, superoxide dismutase (SOD activity, malondialdehyde (MDA content, metallothionein (MT content, the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70 and all the tested geno-toxicity parameters are promoted as time elapses and with increasing concentration of DEHP. However, peroxidase (POD activity, neutral red retention time (NRRT and mitochondrial membrane potential difference values were found to decrease even at a low concentration of DEHP of 1 mg kg-1 soil (p<0.05. Clear toxic effects of DEHP on E. fetida have been generally recognized by means of the disturbance of antioxidant enzyme activity/content and critical proteins, cell membrane and organelle disorder and DNA damage estimated by length of tail, tail DNA ratio, and tail moment parameters. A concentration of DEHP of 3 mg kg-1 may be recommended as a precaution against the potential risk of PAEs in soils and for indicating suitable threshold values for other soil animals and soil micro-organisms.

Spectra of electrons emitted as a result of the sticking and annihilation of low energy positrons to the surfaces of graphene and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG)

Science.gov (United States)

Chrysler, M.; Chirayath, V.; McDonald, A.; Lim, Z.; Shastry, K.; Gladen, R.; Fairchild, A.; Koymen, A.; Weiss, A.

Positron annihilation induced Auger electron spectroscopy (PAES) was used to study the positron induced low energy electron spectra from HOPG and a sample composed of 6-8 layers of graphene grown on polycrystalline copper. A low energy (~2eV) beam of positrons was used to implant positrons into a surface localized state on the graphene and HOPG samples. Measurements of the energy spectra of the positron induced electrons obtained using a TOF spectrometer indicate the presence of an annihilation induced KLL C Auger peak (at ~263 eV) along with a narrow low energy secondary peak due to an Auger mediated positron sticking (AMPS) process. A broad spectral feature was also observed below ~15 eV which we believe may be due to a VVV C Auger transition not previously observed. The energy dependence of the integrated intensity of the AMPS peak was measured for a series of incident positron kinetic energies ranging from ~1.5 eV up to 11 eV from which the binding energy of the surface localized positron state on graphene and HOPG was estimated. The implication of our results regarding the applicability of AMPS and PAES to the study of graphene surfaces and interfaces will be discussed. This work was supported by NSF Grant No. DMR 1508719 and DMR 1338130.

Gene expression for peroxisome-associated enzymes in hepatocellular carcinomas induced by ciprofibrate, a hypolipidemic compound

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rao, M.S.; Nemali, M.R.; Reddy, J.K.

1986-01-01

Administration of hypolipidemic compounds leads to marked proliferation of peroxisomes and peroxisome-associated enzymes (PAE) in the livers of rodents and non-rodent species. The increase peroxisome-associated enzymes such as fatty acid β-oxidation system and catalase is shown to be due to an increase in the levels of mRNA. In this experiment they have examined hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), induced in male F-344 rats by ciprofibrate (0.025%, w/w for 60 weeks), for gene expression of PAE. Total RNA was purified from HCC as well as from control and ciprofibrate (0.025% for 2 weeks) fed rat livers. Northern blot analysis was performed using [32/sub p/]cDNA probes for albumin, fatty acetyl-CoA oxidase, enoyl-CoA hydratase 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase bifunctional enzyme and catalase. mRNA levels in HCC for albumin, fatty acid β-oxidation enzymes and catalase were comparable with those levels observed in the livers of rats given ciprofibrate for 2 weeks. In control livers the mRNAs for β-oxidation enzymes were low. Albumin mRNA levels in all the 3 groups were comparable. Additional studies are necessary to determine whether the increased level of mRNAs for the β-oxidation enzymes in HCC is due to the effect of ciprofibrate or to the gene amplification

Lentiviral Vector Gene Transfer to Porcine Airways

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patrick L Sinn

2012-01-01

Full Text Available In this study, we investigated lentiviral vector development and transduction efficiencies in well-differentiated primary cultures of pig airway epithelia (PAE and wild-type pigs in vivo. We noted gene transfer efficiencies similar to that observed for human airway epithelia (HAE. Interestingly, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV-based vectors transduced immortalized pig cells as well as pig primary cells more efficiently than HIV-1–based vectors. PAE express TRIM5α, a well-characterized species-specific lentiviral restriction factor. We contrasted the restrictive properties of porcine TRIM5α against FIV- and HIV-based vectors using gain and loss of function approaches. We observed no effect on HIV-1 or FIV conferred transgene expression in response to porcine TRIM5α overexpression or knockdown. To evaluate the ability of GP64-FIV to transduce porcine airways in vivo, we delivered vector expressing mCherry to the tracheal lobe of the lung and the ethmoid sinus of 4-week-old pigs. One week later, epithelial cells expressing mCherry were readily detected. Our findings indicate that pseudotyped FIV vectors confer similar tropisms in porcine epithelia as observed in human HAE and provide further support for the selection of GP64 as an appropriate envelope pseudotype for future preclinical gene therapy studies in the porcine model of cystic fibrosis (CF.

Perfil de clientes colostomizados inscritos em programa de atenção aos estomizados

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mara Rúbia Violin

2008-12-01

Full Text Available A experiência de ter uma colostomia conduz as pessoas a viverem situações diferenciadas. O objetivo deste estudo descritivo, exploratório, de natureza quantitativa, foi o de identificar o perfil do paciente colostomizado, inscrito no Programa de Atenção ao Estomizado – PAE, da 15ª Regional de Saúde do Paraná. A coleta foi realizada no mês de maio de 2007 e foi considerado o intervalo de tempo das fichas inscritas no PAE de janeiro de 2003 a maio de 2007. O perfil foi caracterizado segundo dados demográficos, doença base que levou a confecção do estoma, tipo de dispositivo, tratamento e tempo de uso do dispositivo coletor. Os resultados do estudo permitiram a obtenção de dados de importância epidemiológica para futuras intervenções como campanhas de prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento precoce, assim como, o conhecimento da estrutura do atendimento profissional existente e as necessidades de informação das famílias dos pacientes. A definição do perfil dos pacientes além de contribuir para a melhoria do atendimento prestado permite o estabelecimento de novas proposições para a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes e da família.