Liderazgo y estrés en organizaciones complejas

OpenAIRE

Di Grillo, Marcelo

2014-01-01

¿La “presión laboral” del líder sobre su equipo influye en el rendimiento? ¿Líderes amados o temidos? ¿Estrés y satisfacción laboral? Las evaluaciones de los subordinados sobre las acciones de sus jefes se correlacionan con: la satisfacción laboral y el nivel de estrés laboral. Se presenta un estudio cuantitativo sobre 212 casos. La evidencia corrobora la asociación entre indicadores de estrés e insatisfacción con el líder. Se identifican estresares y satisfactores. Se abordan la línea teóric...

Estrés psicosocial : algunos aspectos clínicos y experimentales

OpenAIRE

Molina Jiménez, Tania; Gutiérrez García, Ana G.; Hernández Domínguez, Lizette; Contreras, Carlos M.

2008-01-01

El presente trabajo aborda conceptos actuales del estrés, resaltando el de tipo social. El estrés psicosocial es un factor que predispone al desarrollo de diversas enfermedades en el ser humano cuyos efectos impactan sobre su calidad de vida y de salud. Se han identificado y diferenciado algunos de los factores sociales que producen estrés. Sin embargo, dadas las dificultades metodológicas y éticas para estudiar los efectos del estrés psicosocial en el ser humano, ha sido necesario diseñar mo...

Sexualidad y estrés

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Günter Jursch

2004-05-01

Full Text Available Las caricias y la sexualidad nos ayudan a soportar mejor el estrés, pero por otro lado la sexualidad causa estrés cuando existe un conflicto en este campo. ¿Y quién no tiene ningún conflicto en este campo? Pueden haber miedos irracionales de la sexualidad porque la clasificamos inconscientemente como algo malo, algo prohibido. Después de una experiencia sabrosa podemos tener emociones de vergüenza o de culpabilidad: una rica fuente de estrés. Si queremos establecer normas humanas razonables para el campo erótico-sexual, será necesario renunciar a prejuicios religiosos basados en la ignorancia y atizados por el deseo de tener poder de “defensores de la fe” equivocados. Si no, sería mas adecuado que en el campo sexual rija el mismo humanismo que en otras regiones sociales, o sea: No es aceptable que se exploten los mas débiles o dependientes, no es aceptable poner en peligro la salud mental o física de otra persona (por ejemplo ocultando una enfermedad venérea. Y, sólo es aceptable si la pareja consiente.

El estrés en personal sanitario hospitalario: estado actual

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Ignacio Aguado Martín

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Los riesgos psicosociales y en particular el estrés se han convertido en uno de los principales problemas para la salud y la seguridad laboral. Se ha realizado una revisión de la literatura científica actual sobre el estrés debido a su importancia como riesgo emergente, y la repercusión de este problema en la productividad y el deterioro de la calidad de vida en el personal sanitario que desarrolla su actividad profesional en medio hospitalario, así como intentar identificar los principales métodos de evaluación del estrés actualmente utilizados. Objetivos: Conocer el estado actual del estrés en el personal hospitalario e identificar los principales métodos de evaluación. Metodología: Se realizo una búsqueda bibliográfica exploratoria utilizando las bases de datos Medline, Embase, Scirus, Wok, Psicoinfo, OSH update, Cisdoc, IBECS y LILACS, así como en repositorios como Dialnet, SciELO y Google académico. El periodo de estudio de la bibliografía publicada fue el comprendido entre el año 2009 y 2012 realizándose la última búsqueda el 10 de diciembre de 2012. Resultados: Los niveles de estrés encontrados en los artículos revisados fueron moderados-altos, con diferencias entre las distintas áreas y especialidades. Factores individuales tanto objetivos como subjetivos parecen influir en los grados de estrés. Existe diversidad de métodos utilizados para la evaluación del estrés, la mayoría tienen un nivel de fiabilidad elevado. La producción bibliográfica encontrada es mayor en Asia y Europa. Conclusiones: Los niveles de estrés son elevados en el personal sanitario del hospital ,sobre todo en algunas areas y especialidades, existen una serie de moderadores del grado de estrés como los factores individuales y el ambiente físico y no existe un consenso internacional en el método utilizado para su evaluación.

Percepción de estrés en personal universitario

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Angelines Díaz-Corchuelo

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del estudio es analizar el nivel de estrés percibido por el personal de administración y servicios (pas de un campus científico-técnico de la Universidad de Granada. Se obtuvo una muestra de 194 mujeres y 156 hombres (80 % del total. Los niveles de percepción de estrés en los sujetos que participaron en el estudio fueron evaluados mediante la Escala de Estrés Percibido (pss-14. Se realizaron análisis estadísticos para establecer la relación entre el nivel de estrés percibido y ciertas variables sociodemográficas personales (edad, estado civil, número de hijos, personas dependientes, hábitos saludables o no y laborales (años en la institución, tipo de contrato o situación laboral, entre otros, teniendo en cuenta en cada caso la perspectiva de género. Los resultados muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el nivel de estrés percibido en algunos de los factores analizados.

Estrés laboral y variables biomédicas

OpenAIRE

Iglesia Antón, Esther de la

2013-01-01

El estrés es un mecanismo de adaptación del ser humano a su entorno, que en niveles excesivos puede resultar perjudicial para el organismo. Se han revisado en este trabajo los mecanismos de funcionamiento del estrés, su efecto sobre las variables biológicas marcadoras del mismo, así como la utilización de dichas variables en diferentes estudios para medir los niveles de estrés. En dichos estudios se ha encontrado que las variables más utilizadas son la medición del cortisol en saliva y la pre...

Empirically modelled Pc3 activity based on solar wind parameters

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

B. Heilig

2010-09-01

Full Text Available It is known that under certain solar wind (SW/interplanetary magnetic field (IMF conditions (e.g. high SW speed, low cone angle the occurrence of ground-level Pc3–4 pulsations is more likely. In this paper we demonstrate that in the event of anomalously low SW particle density, Pc3 activity is extremely low regardless of otherwise favourable SW speed and cone angle. We re-investigate the SW control of Pc3 pulsation activity through a statistical analysis and two empirical models with emphasis on the influence of SW density on Pc3 activity. We utilise SW and IMF measurements from the OMNI project and ground-based magnetometer measurements from the MM100 array to relate SW and IMF measurements to the occurrence of Pc3 activity. Multiple linear regression and artificial neural network models are used in iterative processes in order to identify sets of SW-based input parameters, which optimally reproduce a set of Pc3 activity data. The inclusion of SW density in the parameter set significantly improves the models. Not only the density itself, but other density related parameters, such as the dynamic pressure of the SW, or the standoff distance of the magnetopause work equally well in the model. The disappearance of Pc3s during low-density events can have at least four reasons according to the existing upstream wave theory: 1. Pausing the ion-cyclotron resonance that generates the upstream ultra low frequency waves in the absence of protons, 2. Weakening of the bow shock that implies less efficient reflection, 3. The SW becomes sub-Alfvénic and hence it is not able to sweep back the waves propagating upstream with the Alfvén-speed, and 4. The increase of the standoff distance of the magnetopause (and of the bow shock. Although the models cannot account for the lack of Pc3s during intervals when the SW density is extremely low, the resulting sets of optimal model inputs support the generation of mid latitude Pc3 activity predominantly through

Gestión del estrés

OpenAIRE

Odriozola González, Paula

2017-01-01

Acercamiento téorico al concepto de estrés y a sus manifestaciones. Análisis del estrés laboral y presentación de la técnica de mindfulness como herramienta para evitarlo. Incluye un ejemplo de protocolo de mindfulness para su aplicación en un contexto de gestión del impacto emocional en la profesión de intérprete judicial. Área de Formación Permanente e Innovación Docente

Estrés de examen, variables moduladoras y reprobación escolar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arturo Barraza Macías

2010-07-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación se planteó cuatro objetivos: a establecer el perfil descriptivo del estrés de examen de los alumnos de educación media superior, bidentificar las materias que más estrés provocan en los alumnos de educación media superior al momento de presentar un examen, c distinguir las variables sociodemográficas y situacionales que establecen diferencias significativas en el estrés de examen de los alumnos de educación media superior y d determinarla relación que existe entre el estrés de examen y el número de materias reprobadas en los alumnos de educación media superior. Se fundamenta teóricamente en el modelo sistémico cognoscitivista del estrés académico que se deriva de la vertiente transaccionalista del Programa de Investigación Persona-Entorno. Para el logro de dichos objetivos se realizó un estudio transeccional, no experimental y correlacional mediante la aplicación del Inventario del Estrés de Examen a 343 alumnos del Colegio de Bachilleres Lomas de la ciudad de Durango, en el estado de Durango, México. Sus principales resultados permiten establecer un perfil descriptivo del estrés de examen de los alumnos de educación media superior, así como confirmar el papel modulador de las variables género y semestre y la correlación positiva entre el estrés de examen y el número de materia reprobadas.

Overexpression of 15-lipoxygenase-1 in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells increases tumorigenesis.

Science.gov (United States)

Kelavkar, U P; Nixon, J B; Cohen, C; Dillehay, D; Eling, T E; Badr, K F

2001-11-01

The effect of overexpression of 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LO-1) was studied in the human prostate cancer cell line, PC-3. Stable PC-3 cell lines were generated by transfection with 15-LO-1-sense (15-LOS), 15-LO-1-antisense (15-LOAS) or vector (Zeo) and selection with Zeocin. After characterization by RT-PCR, western and HPLC, a PC3-15LOS clone was selected that possessed 10-fold 15-LO-1 enzyme activity compared with parental PC-3 cells. The PC3-15LOAS clone displayed little or no 15-LO-1 activity. These PC-3 cell lines were characterized for properties of tumorigenesis. The proliferation rates of the cell lines were as follows: PC3-15LOS > PC-3 = PC3-Zeo > PC3-15LOAS. Addition of a specific 15-LO-1 inhibitor, PD146176, caused a dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation in vitro. Overexpression of 15-LO-1 also caused [(3)H]thymidine incorporation to increase by 4.0-fold (P < 0.01). Compared with parental and PC-3-Zeo cells, PC3-15LOS enhanced whereas PC3-15LOAS reduced the ability of PC-3 cells to grow in an anchorage-independent manner, as assessed by colony formation in soft agar. These data suggested a pro-tumorigenic role for 15-LO-1 in PC-3 cells in vitro. Therefore, to clarify the role of 15-LO-1 in vivo, the effect of 15-LO-1 expression on the growth of tumors in nude mice was investigated. The PC-3 cell lines were inoculated subcutaneously into athymic nude mice. The frequency of tumor formation was increased and the sizes of the tumors formed were much larger in the PC3-15LOS compared with PC3-15LOAS, parental PC-3 and PC-3-Zeo cells. Immunohistochemistry for 15-LO-1 confirmed expression throughout the duration of the experiment. The expression of factor VIII, an angiogenesis marker, in tumor sections was increased in tumors derived from PC3-15LOS cells and decreased in those from PC3-15LOAS cells compared with tumors from parental or Zeo cells. These data further supported the evaluation by ELISA of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion by PC-3

Fuentes de estrés, burnout y estrategias de coping en profesores portugueses

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

ALEXANDRA MARQUÉS PINTO

2005-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la incidencia del burnout en profesores portugueses y contribuir a una comprensión integral de este fenómeno. Una muestra de 777 profesores portugueses de educación básica y secundaria contestaron al MBI-Educators Survey (Maslach et al, 1996, a una adaptación del TSQ (Kyriacou & Sutcliffe, 1978 y al COPE (Weinman, Wright y Johnston, 1995. Los resultados obtenidos muestran: (1 El 54% de los profesores perciben su profesión como muy o extremadamente generadora de estrés. Como fuentes de estrés se han identificado principalmente los problemas relacionados con la indisciplina de los alumnos y la presión temporal. (2 El 6.3% de los profesores mostraron elevados niveles de burnout y el 30% resultaron estar en situación de "riesgo". (3 Mediante análisis de regresión múltiple se ha puesto de manifiesto que el agotamiento emocional aparece como una reacción al estrés y la despersonalización se muestra como una forma de coping disfuncional no sucede lo mismo con la realización personal al relacionarse con el uso de doping. (4 Se ha mostrado el papel mediador o moderador de las estrategias de afrontamiento en la relación estrés-burnout.

El estrés: un análisis basado en el papel de los factores sociales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bonifacio Sandín

2003-01-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio teórico presenta un análisis crítico sobre los conceptos actuales del estrés, focalizado en la relevancia de los factores sociales. Generalmente la investigación sobre el estrés se ha centrado en sus efectos sobre la salud y en los factores biológicos y psicológicos implicados. Sin embargo, el estudio sobre la naturaleza y origen de los estresores (por ejemplo, interés por los aspectos sociales de los estresores también es importante y ha suscitado algunas nuevas cuestiones relevantes durante los últimos años. Se discute separadamente la relevancia de tres formas principales de estresores sociales: (1 sucesos vitales (cambios agudos que requieren reajustes drásticos durante un corto periodo de tiempo; por ejemplo, “estrés reciente”, (2 estrés de rol (demandas persistentes que requieren reajustes durante periodos de tiempo prolongados; por ejemplo, “estrés crónico”, y (3 contrariedades cotidianas (mini-eventos que requieren pequeños reajustes diarios; por ejemplo, los sucesos menores o “estrés diario”. Una de las principales conclusiones de nuestro análisis es que estos tres tipos de estresores pueden contribuir de forma independiente en la predicción de las perturbaciones de la salud asociadas al estrés. Tales categorías de estresores suelen actuar de forma interrelacionada y suelen influirse mutuamente (por ejemplo, los sucesos vitales pueden causar estresores crónicos, y viceversa. Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones de los recursos personales y sociales (estrategias de afrontamiento, recursos de afrontamiento y apoyo social en la adaptación a los efectos del estrés.

PC communication world and Yiyagi 5.3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1992-11-01

This book is comprised of four parts about Yiyagi 5.3. It describes how to use Yiyagi 5.3 : the way to save 5.3 into floppy disk and Hard disk, to store modem, how to communicate with Hitel and PC-serve in the first part, how to use the various function : function key, control key, alt key, text editor of Yiyagi 5.3 and mouse in the second part, to be good at using communication : Modem, screen control, RS-232C and Null Modem, script and Multitasking in the third part. It has an appendix about compression and decompression of file, BBS list, PC application such as VGA graphic, UNIX/ XENIX and DOS, RS-232C and Modem and GR.exe.

Estrés laboral y salud. Indicadores cardiovasculares y endocrinos

OpenAIRE

Serrano Rosa, Miguel Angel; Moya Albiol, Luis; Salvador, Alicia

2009-01-01

Hoy día, el estrés laboral afecta a gran parte de la población trabajadora. Como consecuencia ha habido un aumento de las publicaciones en relación con este tema usando fundamentaciones teóricas y metodologías diversas. Sin embargo, los mecanismos psicobiológicos que se encuentran en la base de la relación entre el estrés laboral y la enfermedad no están claros. El objetivo fundamental de este trabajo es revisar los aspectos principales de la investigación sobre estrés laboral desde un punto ...

Estrés y alimentación

OpenAIRE

Baratucci, Yanina

2011-01-01

Las relaciones existentes entre el estrés y la alimentación se vienen estudiando desde hace mucho tiempo. Este es un trastorno que afecta actualmente a la población mundial, la cual se encuentra inmersa en una sociedad globalizada que exige individuos cada día más aptos y capacitados para enfrentar y resolver los problemas tanto laborales, sociales y como emocionales. Se plantea el siguiente problema de investigación: ¿Cuál es la relación existente entre el estrés y los patr...

Investigation of the 5q33.3 longevity locus and age-related phenotypes

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nygaard, Marianne; Thinggaard, Mikael; Christensen, Kaare

2017-01-01

A large meta-analysis recently found the 5q33.3 locus to be associated with survival to ≥ 90 years and lower all-cause mortality, thus suggesting it as a third human longevity locus alongside APOE and FOXO3A. The 5q33.3 locus has previously been associated with blood pressure regulation and cardi......A large meta-analysis recently found the 5q33.3 locus to be associated with survival to ≥ 90 years and lower all-cause mortality, thus suggesting it as a third human longevity locus alongside APOE and FOXO3A. The 5q33.3 locus has previously been associated with blood pressure regulation...... and cardiovascular diseases in middle-aged individuals. However, part of the influence on mortality appears to be independent of cardiovascular phenotypes, and the role of the 5q33.3 locus in longevity and survival is therefore still partly unknown. We investigated the association between the longevity......-associated variant rs2149954 on chromosome 5q33.3 and age-related phenotypes in two cohorts of 1,588 and 1,271 long-lived individuals (mean ages 93.1 and 95.9 years, respectively) as well as in 700 middle-aged and 677 elderly individuals (mean ages 52.5 and 78.7 years). Altogether, nominally significant associations...

Expanded simple tandem repeat (ESTR) mutation induction in the male germline: Lessons learned from lab mice

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Somers, Christopher M. [University of Regina, Department of Biology, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK, S4S 0A2 (Canada)]. E-mail: chris.somers@uregina.ca

2006-06-25

Expanded simple tandem repeat (ESTR) DNA loci that are unstable in the germline have provided the most sensitive tool ever developed for investigating low-dose heritable mutation induction in laboratory mice. Ionizing radiation exposures have shown that ESTR mutations occur mainly in pre-meiotic spermatogonia and stem cells. The average spermatogonial doubling dose is 0.62-0.69 Gy for low LET, and 0.18-0.34 Gy for high LET radiation. Chemical alkylating agents also cause significant ESTR mutation induction in pre-meiotic spermatogonia and stem cells, but are much less effective per unit dose than radiation. ESTR mutation induction efficiency is maximal at low doses of radiation or chemical mutagens, and may decrease at higher dose ranges. DNA repair deficient mice (SCID and PARP-1) with elevated levels of single and double-strand DNA breaks have spontaneously elevated ESTR mutation frequencies, and surprisingly do not show additional ESTR mutation induction following irradiation. In contrast, ESTR mutation induction in p53 knock-outs is indistinguishable from that of wild-type mice. Studies of sentinel mice exposed in situ to ambient air pollution showed elevated ESTR mutation frequencies in males exposed to high levels of particulate matter. These studies highlight the application of the ESTR assay for assessing environmental hazards under real-world conditions. All ESTR studies to date have shown untargeted mutations that occur at much higher frequencies than predicted. The mechanism of this untargeted mutation induction is unknown, and must be elucidated before we can fully understand the biological significance of ESTR mutations, or use these markers for formal risk assessment. Future studies should focus on the mechanism of ESTR mutation induction, refining dose responses, and developing ESTR markers for other animal species.

Expanded simple tandem repeat (ESTR) mutation induction in the male germline: Lessons learned from lab mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Somers, Christopher M.

2006-01-01

Expanded simple tandem repeat (ESTR) DNA loci that are unstable in the germline have provided the most sensitive tool ever developed for investigating low-dose heritable mutation induction in laboratory mice. Ionizing radiation exposures have shown that ESTR mutations occur mainly in pre-meiotic spermatogonia and stem cells. The average spermatogonial doubling dose is 0.62-0.69 Gy for low LET, and 0.18-0.34 Gy for high LET radiation. Chemical alkylating agents also cause significant ESTR mutation induction in pre-meiotic spermatogonia and stem cells, but are much less effective per unit dose than radiation. ESTR mutation induction efficiency is maximal at low doses of radiation or chemical mutagens, and may decrease at higher dose ranges. DNA repair deficient mice (SCID and PARP-1) with elevated levels of single and double-strand DNA breaks have spontaneously elevated ESTR mutation frequencies, and surprisingly do not show additional ESTR mutation induction following irradiation. In contrast, ESTR mutation induction in p53 knock-outs is indistinguishable from that of wild-type mice. Studies of sentinel mice exposed in situ to ambient air pollution showed elevated ESTR mutation frequencies in males exposed to high levels of particulate matter. These studies highlight the application of the ESTR assay for assessing environmental hazards under real-world conditions. All ESTR studies to date have shown untargeted mutations that occur at much higher frequencies than predicted. The mechanism of this untargeted mutation induction is unknown, and must be elucidated before we can fully understand the biological significance of ESTR mutations, or use these markers for formal risk assessment. Future studies should focus on the mechanism of ESTR mutation induction, refining dose responses, and developing ESTR markers for other animal species

PC Assisted Anatomical Measurements in 3D Using CT Data

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hvidtfeldt, Mogens; Pedersen, Steen

1999-01-01

To assess facilities and applications of a programme for a PC based CT measurements in 3D of anatomical angelse in the skeleton.......To assess facilities and applications of a programme for a PC based CT measurements in 3D of anatomical angelse in the skeleton....

Estreñimiento funcional en pediatría

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis De la Torre Mondragón

2014-10-01

Full Text Available El estreñimiento es un problema común y es una de las principales causas de consulta en la edad pediátrica, sus complicaciones indican un problema en el diagnóstico, en el tratamiento, o en ambos. Este tra- bajo está dirigido a los médicos que atienden niños con estreñimiento funcional e intenta explicar, de una manera práctica, cómo diagnosticar este problema destacando la información imprescindible que se debe obtener de la historia clínica y los estudios auxiliares de diagnóstico que pueden ser de utilidad para descartar organicidad. El “programa de rehabilitación intestinal” es la forma de tratamiento que se propone; éste tiene un éxito mayor a 90%, incluso en pacientes con estreñimiento crónico-grave en el que las recaídas y los fracasos son frecuentes.

PC'eren på arbejde. 3. udgave

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Povl Erik Rostgård

En generel og ikke-programspecifik introduktion til edb-området med speciel fokus på pc'er og pc-programmel.......En generel og ikke-programspecifik introduktion til edb-området med speciel fokus på pc'er og pc-programmel....

Estrés académico y funcionalidad familiar en estudiantes de odontología

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shyrley Díaz Cárdenas

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Asociar estrés académico y funcionalidad familiar en estudiantes de odontología. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal en una muestra probabilística de 251 estudiantes de odontología de una universidad pública de Cartagena de Indias (Colombia. Se midieron características sociodemográficas, estrés académico (escala SISCO y funcionalidad familiar (APGAR familiar. Se estimó ocurrencia (prevalencias, asociación entre variables (odd ratios y análisis multivariable (regresión logística nominal. Resultados: El estrés académico se presentó en 87,3 % de los estudiantes; la situación más estresante en el entorno académico fue la evaluación docente; la disfuncionalidad familiar se comportó como un factor asociado para el estrés académico (OR=2,32. En el análisis de regresión logística, el modelo que mejor que explica el estrés académico estuvo conformado por los siguientes factores: la participación familiar, sexo y ciclo académico cursado (p= 0,0001; X2= 22,9. Conclusiones: La disfuncionalidad familiar puede agravar las situaciones de estrés académico en estudiantes de odontología e influir en su rendimiento académico, lo que ameritaría la necesidad de una atención permanente a la relación entre el entorno familiar y la universidad en aras del desarrollo integral de los universitarios.

Mecanismos celulares en respuesta al estrés: sirtuinas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nancy Paola Echeverri Ruiz

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Desde hace algún tiempo se conoce el papel de la restricción calórica sobre la longevidad y la prevención de enfermedades crónicas, pero hasta hace poco los mecanismos celulares involucrados comienzan a ser elucidados. El estrés celular se podría definir como el estado en el que la célula no presenta las condiciones óptimas de supervivencia, siendo el oxidativo un tipo de estrés en el que se generan radicales libres nocivos para las estructuras celulares. La restricción calórica podría incrementar la resistencia celular a diferentes formas de estrés. Las sirtuinas, proteínas deacetilasas de histonas tipo III, están involucradas en la relación entre balance energético y transcripción génica, permitiendo que la célula responda a la restricción calórica y sobreviva a situaciones de estrés oxidativo. En esta relación las sirtuinas regulan genes de la familia FOXO, cMYC, hTERT, p53, entre otros. La activación o silenciamiento de estos genes es importante en los procesos de apoptosis, reparación y muerte celular.

Sintomatología gastrointestinal, estrés y hábitos alimentarios

OpenAIRE

Zanardi, Daniela

2012-01-01

En la actualidad se observan distintas manifestaciones de estrés: ansiedad, desaliento, miedo, enojo, aislamiento, fatiga, problemas gastrointestinales, cardíacos, o trastornos psicosomáticos son algunas de ellas. Una respuesta de estrés depende de la valoración que se le da a una situación externa, y la valoración de los recursos para afrontarla. En este trabajo se utiliza la “Escala de Estrés Percibido”, que evalúa el grado en que las personas valoran las situaciones del últi...

El estrés estudiantil en alumnos del tercer curso de lenguas extranjeras de secundaria

OpenAIRE

OUNANE, Amine

2015-01-01

El estrés es una reacción que experimenta nuestro cuerpo con mucha frecuencia cuando nuestros sentidos detectan una situación de tensión, a menudo los alumnos experimentan en su organismo situaciones que podrían causar estrés y de no solucionarlo podría repercutir en nuestra vida de forma negativa. Podemos definir el estrés estudiantil como la tensión provocada por situaciones agobiantes en el ámbito educativo. El estrés se manifiesta en los estudiantes de diversos modos. De...

File list: InP.Prs.50.AllAg.PC-3 [Chip-atlas[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available InP.Prs.50.AllAg.PC-3 hg19 Input control Prostate PC-3 SRX539667,SRX084520,SRX43319...9,SRX433195,SRX1021636,SRX1021637,SRX181768,SRX540851 http://dbarchive.biosciencedbc.jp/kyushu-u/hg19/assembled/InP.Prs.50.AllAg.PC-3.bed ...

Mutations in the G6PC3 gene cause Dursun syndrome.

Science.gov (United States)

Banka, Siddharth; Newman, William G; Ozgül, R Koksal; Dursun, Ali

2010-10-01

Dursun syndrome is a triad of familial primary pulmonary hypertension, leucopenia, and atrial septal defect. Here we demonstrate that mutations in G6PC3 cause Dursun syndrome. Mutations in G6PC3 are known to also cause severe congenital neutropenia type 4. Identification of the genetic basis of Dursun syndrome expands the pre-existing knowledge about the phenotypic effects of mutations in G6PC3. We propose that Dursun syndrome should now be considered as a subset of severe congenital neutropenia type 4 with pulmonary hypertension as an important clinical feature. Copyright © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Estreñimiento funcional en pediatría

OpenAIRE

Luis De la Torre Mondragón; Gabriela Hernández Vez

2014-01-01

El estreñimiento es un problema común y es una de las principales causas de consulta en la edad pediátrica, sus complicaciones indican un problema en el diagnóstico, en el tratamiento, o en ambos. Este tra- bajo está dirigido a los médicos que atienden niños con estreñimiento funcional e intenta explicar, de una manera práctica, cómo diagnosticar este problema destacando la información imprescindible que se debe obtener de la historia clínica y los estudios auxiliares de diagnóstico que puede...

Diabetes mellitus, estrés oxidativo y embarazo

OpenAIRE

Clapés Hernández, Sonia

2000-01-01

El estrés oxidativo es un estado que se caracteriza por un desequilibrio entre la producción de especies reactivas del oxígeno y la capacidad antioxidante de las células. La implicación del estrés oxidativo en diversas patologías, ha sido demostrada; entre ellas se encuentran la diabetes mellitus y el embarazo, aunque este último no es un estado patológico sino de adaptación metabólica. En el embarazo se producen modificaciones en el metabolismo de las biomoléculas celulares, en particular en...

Una perspectiva para la evaluación del estrés infantil

OpenAIRE

Gómez Dupertuis, Daniel; Albalustri, Luios; Silva Arancibia, Verónica; Eberle, Laura; Rodiño, Virginia; Romero, Laura; Piccoli, Jorgelina

2007-01-01

El estrés es un concepto complejo que ha comenzado a ser abordado desde diferentes disciplinas y teorías científicas, desde hace muy pocos años. La dificultad para analizar el estrés en niños, dado el período evolutivo que atraviesan, hace que una definición específica del concepto, tanto como el desarrollo de una técnica de tratamiento, sean extremadamente difíciles y por lo tanto controversiales. La respuesta de estrés, muchas veces no reconocida como tal, se observa ya en periodos tempr...

Electronic transitions and band offsets in C60:SubPc and C60:MgPc on MoO3 studied by modulated surface photovoltage spectroscopy

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fengler, S.; Dittrich, Th.; Rusu, M.

2015-01-01

Electronic transitions at interfaces between MoO 3 layers and organic layers of C 60 , SubPc, MgPc, and nano-composite layers of SubPc:C 60 and MgPc:C 60 have been studied by modulated surface photovoltage (SPV) spectroscopy. For all systems, time dependent and modulated SPV signals pointed to dissociation of excitons at the MoO 3 /organic layer interfaces with a separation of holes towards MoO 3 . The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) gaps (E HL ) of C 60 , SubPc, and MgPc and the effective E HL of SubPc:C 60 and MgPc:C 60 were measured. The offsets between the LUMO (ΔE L ) or HOMO (ΔE H ) bands were obtained with high precision and amounted to 0.33 or 0.73 eV for SubPc:C 60 , respectively, and to −0.33 or 0.67 eV for MgPc:C 60 , respectively. Exponential tails below E HL and most pronounced sub-bandgap transitions were characterized and ascribed to disorder and transitions from HOMO bands to unoccupied defect states

Factores asociados al estrés laboral en policías penitenciarios costarricenses

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tatiana María Blanco-Álvarez

2017-06-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar si una muestra de policías penitenciarios, en Costa Rica, experimenta estrés laboral y si está relacionado con la presencia de estrés, depresión, ansiedad, burnout y otras características personales y ocupacionales. Además, se determina si hay diferencias entre hombres y mujeres con respecto a la presencia de tales factores. La Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés (DASS, la Escala de Estrés Laboral para Oficiales Correccionales (EELOC, y el Cuestionario Breve de Burnout (CBB fueron administrados a 66 oficiales correccionales de diferentes prisiones en Costa Rica. Conclusiones: El estrés laboral está significativamente relacionado con la presencia de estrés, ansiedad y depresión, pero no relacionado con la presencia de burnout. No se encontraron diferencias entre hombres y mujeres en ninguna variable. Es importante saber cómo el ambiente de trabajo afecta las vidas de los oficiales con el fin de mejorar las condiciones de trabajo que podrían tener efectos negativos sobre el desempeño en el trabajo y la salud, así como proporcionar información para los psicólogos policiales, que están a cargo de proveer servicios clínicos y de consejería a los oficiales correccionales.

The genotypic characterization of Cronobacter spp. isolated in China.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jinghua Cui

Full Text Available Cronobacter spp. (Enterobacter sakazakii is an important pathogen contaminating powdered infant formula (PIF. To describe the genotypic diversity of Cronobacter isolated in China, we identified the isolates using fusA allele sequencing, and subtyped all of the isolates using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE, multi-locus sequence typing (MLST, and multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA. A total of 105 isolates were identified, which included C. sakazakii (58 isolates, C. malonaticus (30 isolates, C. dublinensis (11 isolates, C. turicensis (5 isolates, and C. muytjensii (1 isolate. These isolates were showed to have 85 PFGE-patterns, 71 sequence types (STs, and 55 MLVA-patterns. Comparisons among the three molecular subtyping methods revealed that the PFGE method was the most distinguishable tool in identifying clusters of Cronobacter spp. through DNA fingerprinting, and MLST method came second. However, ESTR-1, ESTR-2, ESTR-3, and ESTR-4 were not effective loci for subtyping Cronobacter spp. such that the MLVA method requires further improvement.

Characterization of histone H3K27 modifications in the β-globin locus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Yea Woon; Kim, AeRi

2011-01-01

Research highlights: → The β-globin locus control region is hyperacetylated and monomethylated at histone H3K27. → Highly transcribed globin genes are marked by H3K27ac, but H3K27me2 is remarkable at silent globin genes in erythroid K562 cells. → Association of PRC2 subunits is comparable with H3K27me3 pattern. → Modifications of histone H3K27 are established in an enhancer-dependent manner. -- Abstract: Histone H3K27 is acetylated or methylated in the environment of nuclear chromatin. Here, to characterize the modification pattern of H3K27 in locus control region (LCR) and to understand the correlation of various H3K27 modifications with transcriptional activity of genes, we analyzed the human β-globin locus using the ChIP assay. The LCR of the human β-globin locus was enriched by H3K27ac and H3K27me1 in erythroid K562 cells. The highly transcribed globin genes were hyperacetylated at H3K27, but the repressed globin genes were highly dimethylated at this lysine in these cells. However, in non-erythroid 293FT cells, the β-globin locus was marked by a high level of H3K27me3. EZH2 and SUZ12, subunits of polycomb repressive complex 2, were comparably detected with the H3K27me3 pattern in K562 and 293FT cells. In addition, H3K27ac, H3K27me1 and H3K27me3 were established in an enhancer-dependent manner in a model minichromosomal locus containing an enhancer and its target gene. Taken together, these results show that H3K27 modifications have distinctive correlations with the chromatin state or transcription level of genes and are influenced by an enhancer.

Preparation and characterization of Tb3+ and Tb(sal)3.nH2O doped PC:PMMA blend

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dwivedi, Y.; Singh, A.K.; Prakash, Rajiv; Rai, S.B.

2011-01-01

Tb doped polycarbonate:poly(methyl methacrylate) (Tb-PC:PMMA) blend was prepared with varying proportions of PC and PMMA. Thermal and spectroscopic properties of the doped polymer have been investigated employing Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) absorption and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) techniques. PC:PMMA blend (with 10 wt% PC and 90 wt% PMMA) shows better miscibility. Optical properties of the dopant Tb 3+ ions have been investigated using UV-vis absorption and fluorescence excited by 355 nm radiation. It is seen that luminescence intensity of Tb 3+ ion depends on PC:PMMA ratio and on Tb 3+ ion concentration. Concentration quenching is seen for TbCl 3 .6H 2 O concentration larger than 4 wt%. Addition of salicylic acid to the polymer blend increases the luminescence from Tb 3+ ions. Luminescence decay curve analysis affirms the non-radiative energy transfer from salicylic acid to Tb 3+ ions, which is identified as the reason behind this enhancement. - Highlights: → Blend formation is confirmed at PC/90PMMA, using FTIR and DSC techniques. → Absorption and bandgap studies of blend and parent components were studied. → Optical properties of Tb and Tb(sal) 3 .nH 2 O complex have been studied in PC/PMMA blend. → Luminescence decay curves confirm non-radiative energy transfer from Sal to Tb 3+ ions.

Identification of a novel locus for a USH3 like syndrome combined with congenital cataract.

Science.gov (United States)

Dad, S; Østergaard, E; Thykjaer, T; Albrectsen, A; Ravn, K; Rosenberg, T; Møller, L B

2010-10-01

Usher syndrome (USH) is the most common genetic disease that causes both deafness and blindness. USH is divided into three types, USH1, USH2 and USH3, depending on the age of onset, the course of the disease, and on the degree of vestibular dysfunction. By homozygosity mapping of a consanguineous Danish family of Dutch descent, we have identified a novel locus for a rare USH3-like syndrome. The affected family members have a unique association of retinitis pigmentosa, progressive hearing impairment, vestibular dysfunction, and congenital cataract. The phenotype is similar, but not identical to that of USH3 patients, as congenital cataract has not been reported for USH3. By homozygosity mapping, we identified a 7.3 Mb locus on chromosome 15q22.2-23 with a maximum multipoint LOD score of 2.0. The locus partially overlaps with the USH1 locus, USH1H, a novel unnamed USH2 locus, and the non-syndromic deafness locus DFNB48. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Multi-satellite study of the excitation of Pc3 and Pc4-5 ULF waves and their penetration across the plasmapause during the 2003 Halloween superstorm

Science.gov (United States)

Balasis, G.; Daglis, I. A.; Mann, I. R.; Papadimitriou, C.; Zesta, E.; Georgiou, M.; Haagmans, R.; Tsinganos, K.

2015-10-01

We use multi-satellite and ground-based magnetic data to investigate the concurrent characteristics of Pc3 (22-100 mHz) and Pc4-5 (1-22 mHz) ultra-low-frequency (ULF) waves on the 31 October 2003 during the Halloween magnetic superstorm. ULF waves are seen in the Earth's magnetosphere, topside ionosphere, and Earth's surface, enabling an examination of their propagation characteristics. We employ a time-frequency analysis technique and examine data from when the Cluster and CHAMP spacecraft were in good local time (LT) conjunction near the dayside noon-midnight meridian. We find clear evidence of the excitation of both Pc3 and Pc4-5 waves, but more significantly we find a clear separation in the L shell of occurrence of the Pc4-5 and Pc3 waves in the equatorial inner magnetosphere, separated by the density gradients at the plasmapause boundary layer. A key finding of the wavelet spectral analysis of data collected from the Geotail, Cluster, and CHAMP spacecraft and the CARISMA and GIMA magnetometer networks was a remarkably clear transition of the waves' frequency into dominance in a higher-frequency regime within the Pc3 range. Analysis of the local field line resonance frequency suggests that the separation of the Pc4-5 and Pc3 emissions across the plasmapause is consistent with the structure of the inhomogeneous field line resonance Alfvén continuum. The Pc4-5 waves are consistent with direct excitation by the solar wind in the plasma trough, as well as Pc3 wave absorption in the plasmasphere following excitation by upstream waves originating at the bow shock in the local noon sector. However, despite good solar wind coverage, our study was not able to unambiguously identify a clear explanation for the sharp universal time (UT) onset of the discrete frequency and large-amplitude Pc3 wave power.

Construction and identification of eukaryotic expression vector of pcDNA3-UHRF1

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li Xinli; Zhu Ran; Zhu Wei; Fan Saijun; Meng Qinghui

2011-01-01

Objective: To generate eukaryotic expression vector of pcDNA3-UHRF1(ubiquitin-like, containing PHD and RING finger domains 1, UHRF1) and testify its expression in breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. Methods: A 2.3 kb cDNA fragment was amplified from the total RNA of the human breast cancer cells MCF-7 by the RT-PCR method and was cloned into the plasmid pcDNA3. The vector was identified by the double digestion with restriction enzymes Kpn I and Xho I and was sequenced. The cDNA of UHRF1 was transfected into human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 by Lipofactamin2000. The positive clones were selected by G418. The expression of the UHRF1 was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Results: The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3-UHRF1 was digested with Kpn I and BamH I, and the electrophoresis of the digested products showed two fragments; 2.3kb fragment of UHRF1 and 5.4 kb fragment of pcDNA3, and the sequence inserted was identical to the published sequence. The MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with the pcDNA3-UHRF1 plasmid expressed a high level of the UHRF1 mRNA and protein. Conclusion: The recombinant eukaryotic cell expression vector of pcDNA3-UHRF1 is constructed successfully. The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3-UHRF1 can provide a very useful tool and lay an important foundation for the research on the function of UHRF1. (authors)

Limb-bud and Heart Overexpression Inhibits the Proliferation and Migration of PC3M Cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Qicai; Li, Ermao; Huang, Long; Cheng, Minsheng; Li, Li

2018-01-01

Background: The limb-bud and heart gene ( LBH ) was discovered in the early 21st century and is specifically expressed in the mouse embryonic limb and heart development. Increasing evidences have indicated that LBH not only plays an important role in embryo development, it is also closely correlated with the occurance and progression of many tumors. However, its function in prostate cancer (PCa) is still not well understood. Here, we explored the effects of LBH on the proliferation and migration of the PCa cell line PC3M. Methods: LBH expression in tissues and cell lines of PCa was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Lentivirus was used to transduct the LBH gene into the PC3M cells. Stable LBH-overexpressing PC3M-LBH cells and PC3M-NC control cells were obtained via puromycin screening. Cell proliferation was examined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rate were investigated using flow cytometry. Cell migration was studied using the Transwell assay. Results: LBH expression level was down-regulated in 3 different PCa cell lines, especially in PC3M cells, compared with the normal prostate epithelial cells(RWPE-1). Cell lines of LBH-upregulated PC3M-LBH and PC3M-NC control were successfully constructed. Significantly increased LBH expression level and decreased cyclin D1 and cyclin E2 expression level was found in PC3M-LBH cells as compared to the PC3M-NC cells. The overexpression of LBH significantly inhibited PC3M cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in nude mice. LBH overexpression in PC3M cell, also induced cell cycle G0/G1 phase arrest and decreased the migration of PC3M cells. Conclusions : Our results reveal that LBH expression is down-regulated in the tissue and cell lines of PCa. LBH overexpression inhibits PC3M cell proliferation and tumor growth by inducing cell cycle arrest through down-regulating cyclin D1and cyclin E2 expression. LBH might

Adaptación escolar, social y familiar, estrés cotidiano y acontecimientos vitales estresantes en la infancia

OpenAIRE

Rey Bruguera, Mayelin

2016-01-01

Las investigaciones sobre el estrés o sobre la infancia son muy numerosas. Sin embargo, los trabajos dedicados al estudio del estrés en la infancia aún no son suficientes para conocer las consecuencias del estrés en esta etapa de la vida. Y sorprende los escasos estudios del estrés en la infancia con población clínica de salud mental. La presente investigación analizó la relación entre los acontecimientos vitales estresantes (AVE) y situaciones de estrés cotidiano y la sintomatología psicológ...

Estrés laboral en auxiliares de enfermería, Medellín-Colombia, 2011: Estrés laboral en auxiliares de enfermería

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yaison Giraldo Girald

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Identificar la presencia de estrés laboral en auxiliares de enfermería que trabajan en salas de hospitalización de adultos y las condiciones institucionales que lo configuran. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo de caso colectivo que parte de la determinación de características comunes o no entre los datos obtenidos de los casos individuales para su posterior análisis. Participaron seis casos: cinco mujeres y un hombre, auxiliares de enfermería con menos de 10 años de experiencia laboral en salas de hospitalización de adultos. Se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada y se aplicó el consentimiento informado. Resultados: Las condiciones que provocaron el estrés fueron la Jornada laboral con tiempos reales de 13 ó 14 horas seguidas, sin espacios para la alimentación y el descanso, y actividades adicionales que no se encuentran dentro de las funciones normatizadas pero que son delegadas por otros profesionales de la salud y que se vuelven una carga más para ellas, tales como el transporte de pacientes, apoyo durante transfusiones sanguíneas, limpieza del carro de medicamentos y el estar ahí dando cuidado permanente a los pacientes. Como aminorante del estrés aparecen las relaciones entre el equipo de trabajo. Conclusión: Se identifica la presencia del estrés laboral en las auxiliares de enfermería que trabajan en salas de hospitalización de adultos. Las condiciones descritas limitan el tiempo para el cuidado de los pacientes y el cuidado de sí mismas y alteran su condición física, psicológica y emocional, factores que se relacionan con el estrés laboral. Salud UIS 2013; 45 (1: 23-31

Identification of a novel locus for a USH3 like syndrome combined with congenital cataract

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dad, S.; Østergaard, Elsebet; Thykjær, T.

2010-01-01

Usher syndrome (USH) is the most common genetic disease that causes both deafness and blindness. USH is divided into three types, USH1, USH2 and USH3, depending on the age of onset, the course of the disease, and on the degree of vestibular dysfunction. By homozygosity mapping of a consanguineous...... Danish family of Dutch descent, we have identified a novel locus for a rare USH3-like syndrome. The affected family members have a unique association of retinitis pigmentosa, progressive hearing impairment, vestibular dysfunction, and congenital cataract. The phenotype is similar, but not identical...... to that of USH3 patients, as congenital cataract has not been reported for USH3. By homozygosity mapping, we identified a 7.3 Mb locus on chromosome 15q22.2-23 with a maximum multipoint LOD score of 2.0. The locus partially overlaps with the USH1 locus, USH1H, a novel unnamed USH2 locus, and the non-syndromic...

Enfoque psicosomático de la medición de estrés

OpenAIRE

Garzón-Rey, Jorge Mario

2017-01-01

El estrés es un fenómeno que podemos percibir, pero difícilmente describir. El objetivo de esta tesis establecer una medida objetiva, continua y no invasiva del nivel de estrés emocional agudo en jóvenes sanos a partir de parámetros psicosomáticos. Para así ofrecer una aplicación práctica en el diagnóstico y en el seguimiento de la intervención terapéutica, mitigando los efectos negativos del estrés e incidiendo directamente en el bienestar de la persona. Existen dos conjuntos de sistemas ...

Enfoque psicosomático de la medición de estrés.

OpenAIRE

Garzón-Rey, Jorge Mario; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Microelectrònica i Sistemes Electrònics.

2017-01-01

El estrés es un fenómeno que podemos percibir, pero difícilmente describir. El objetivo de esta tesis establecer una medida objetiva, continua y no invasiva del nivel de estrés emocional agudo en jóvenes sanos a partir de parámetros psicosomáticos. Para así ofrecer una aplicación práctica en el diagnóstico y en el seguimiento de la intervención terapéutica, mitigando los efectos negativos del estrés e incidiendo directamente en el bienestar de la persona. Existen dos conjuntos de sistemas alt...

Multi-satellite study of the excitation of Pc3 and Pc4-5 ULF waves and their penetration across the plasmapause during the 2003 Halloween superstorm

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

G. Balasis

2015-10-01

Full Text Available We use multi-satellite and ground-based magnetic data to investigate the concurrent characteristics of Pc3 (22–100 mHz and Pc4-5 (1–22 mHz ultra-low-frequency (ULF waves on the 31 October 2003 during the Halloween magnetic superstorm. ULF waves are seen in the Earth's magnetosphere, topside ionosphere, and Earth's surface, enabling an examination of their propagation characteristics. We employ a time–frequency analysis technique and examine data from when the Cluster and CHAMP spacecraft were in good local time (LT conjunction near the dayside noon–midnight meridian. We find clear evidence of the excitation of both Pc3 and Pc4-5 waves, but more significantly we find a clear separation in the L shell of occurrence of the Pc4-5 and Pc3 waves in the equatorial inner magnetosphere, separated by the density gradients at the plasmapause boundary layer. A key finding of the wavelet spectral analysis of data collected from the Geotail, Cluster, and CHAMP spacecraft and the CARISMA and GIMA magnetometer networks was a remarkably clear transition of the waves' frequency into dominance in a higher-frequency regime within the Pc3 range. Analysis of the local field line resonance frequency suggests that the separation of the Pc4-5 and Pc3 emissions across the plasmapause is consistent with the structure of the inhomogeneous field line resonance Alfvén continuum. The Pc4-5 waves are consistent with direct excitation by the solar wind in the plasma trough, as well as Pc3 wave absorption in the plasmasphere following excitation by upstream waves originating at the bow shock in the local noon sector. However, despite good solar wind coverage, our study was not able to unambiguously identify a clear explanation for the sharp universal time (UT onset of the discrete frequency and large-amplitude Pc3 wave power.

Accelerated 3D-OSEM image reconstruction using a Beowulf PC cluster for pinhole SPECT

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeniya, Tsutomu; Watabe, Hiroshi; Sohlberg, Antti; Iida, Hidehiro

2007-01-01

A conventional pinhole single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with a single circular orbit has limitations associated with non-uniform spatial resolution or axial blurring. Recently, we demonstrated that three-dimensional (3D) images with uniform spatial resolution and no blurring can be obtained by complete data acquired using two-circular orbit, combined with the 3D ordered subsets expectation maximization (OSEM) reconstruction method. However, a long computation time is required to obtain the reconstruction image, because of the fact that 3D-OSEM is an iterative method and two-orbit acquisition doubles the size of the projection data. To reduce the long reconstruction time, we parallelized the two-orbit pinhole 3D-OSEM reconstruction process by using a Beowulf personal computer (PC) cluster. The Beowulf PC cluster consists of seven PCs connected to Gbit Ethernet switches. Message passing interface protocol was utilized for parallelizing the reconstruction process. The projection data in a subset are distributed to each PC. The partial image forward-and back-projected in each PC is transferred to all PCs. The current image estimate on each PC is updated after summing the partial images. The performance of parallelization on the PC cluster was evaluated using two independent projection data sets acquired by a pinhole SPECT system with two different circular orbits. Parallelization using the PC cluster improved the reconstruction time with increasing number of PCs. The reconstruction time of 54 min by the single PC was decreased to 10 min when six or seven PCs were used. The speed-up factor was 5.4. The reconstruction image by the PC cluster was virtually identical with that by the single PC. Parallelization of 3D-OSEM reconstruction for pinhole SPECT using the PC cluster can significantly reduce the computation time, whereas its implementation is simple and inexpensive. (author)

The genetic and regulatory architecture of ERBB3-type 1 diabetes susceptibility locus

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kaur, Simranjeet; Mirza, Aashiq H.; Brorsson, Caroline Anna

2016-01-01

-producing INS-1E cells and the genetic and regulatory architecture of the ERBB3 locus to provide insights to how rs2292239 may confer disease susceptibility. rs2292239 strongly correlated with residual β-cell function and metabolic control in children with T1D. ERBB3 locus associated lncRNA (NONHSAG011351...

A novel zinc finger protein Zfp277 mediates transcriptional repression of the Ink4a/arf locus through polycomb repressive complex 1

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Negishi, Masamitsu; Saraya, Atsunori; Mochizuki, Shinobu

2010-01-01

. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We examined the function of Zinc finger domain-containing protein 277 (Zfp277), a novel zinc finger protein that interacts with the PcG protein Bmi1. Zfp277 binds to the Ink4a/Arf locus in a Bmi1-independent manner and interacts with polycomb repressor complex (PRC) 1 through...... is essential for the recruitment of PRC1 to the Ink4a/Arf locus. Our findings also highlight dynamic regulation of both Zfp277 and PcG proteins by the oxidative stress pathways....

A variant in the G6PC2/ABCB11 locus is associated with increased fasting plasma glucose, increased basal hepatic glucose production and increased insulin release after oral and intravenous glucose loads

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rose, C S; Grarup, N; Krarup, N T

2009-01-01

An association between elevated fasting plasma glucose and the common rs560887 G allele in the G6PC2/ABCB11 locus has been reported. In Danes we aimed to examine rs560887 in relation to plasma glucose and serum insulin responses following oral and i.v. glucose loads and in relation to hepatic...... glucose production during a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp. Furthermore, we examined rs560887 for association with impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), type 2 diabetes and components of the metabolic syndrome....

Estrés y afrontamiento en estudiantes de psicología

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mónica Cassaretto Bardales

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Se analizó la relación entre estrés, problemas más frecuentes y estilos de afrontamiento en 123 estudiantes universitarios de la especialidad de psicología de una universidad particular en Lima, mediante cuatro instrumentos: a Ficha Demográfica (Cassaretto, Oblitas & Valdez, 2000, b Cuestionario de la Respuesta de Estrés (Valdez, 1999, e Inventario sobre Estilos y Estrategias de Afrontamiento (Carver, Scheier & Weintraub, 1989 y d Cuestionario de Problemas  (Seiffge-Krenke, 1995. Se consideraron las variables edad, sexo, trabajo, respuestas de estrés, problemas y estilos de afrontamiento. Los hallazgos indicaron que a mayor edad mayores niveles de estrés, y que estos eran más elevados al evaluarse los problemas relacionados con el futuro y el sí mismo; por otro lado, los estilos centrados en el problema y la emoción son los más utilizados en el afrontamiento y los que se relacionan con niveles de estrés más bajos. The relations among stress, problems and coping styles among 123 psychology students, in a private university in Lima, were analyzed. Four instruments were used: a Demographic Sheet  (Cassaretto, Oblitas & Valdez, 2000, b Stress Response Questionnaire (Valdez, 1999, e Coping Inventory (Carver, Scheier & Weintraub, 1989, d Problem Questionnaire (Seiffge-Krenke, 1995. Variables as age, sex, job, stress responses, problems and coping styles were considered. The results showed that older people have higher stress levels, the problems related with future and self being the most stressful; finally, problem and emotion coping styles are related to lower levels of stress.

Antecedentes y consecuencias del burnout en deportistas: estrés percibido y depresión

OpenAIRE

Cristina de Francisco; Constantino Arce; María del Pilar Vílchez; Ángel Vales

2016-01-01

Antecedentes/Objetivo : El objetivo fue investigar la relación entre estrés percibido, burnout y depresión en deportistas. Se presenta el estrés como antecedente del burnout y la depresión como consecuencia de ambos. Método : Participaron en el estudio 453 deportistas. Estrés y depresión fueron medidos con Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) y burnout en deportistas con Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ). Los datos fueron analizados...

CC-3 CAMAC crate controller for IBM PC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Khare, A.N.; Ghodgaonkar, M.D.; Bairi, B.R.

1991-01-01

The specifications and implementation details of CAMAC Crate Controller CC-3 for IBM-PC compatible as a host computer, having capability to transfer high speed data with direct memory access (DMA) scheme and logic to execute CAMAC cycles directly from the crate controller, to implement the block algorithms specified in ANSI/IEEE Std. 683-1976 (Reaff-1981) are described. The maximum data transfer rate measured with 8 bit interface of PC-AT is 240K byte per second. This work is carried out under Seventh Five Year Plan Project on Modernisation of reactor Control Instrumentation and Development of CAMAC and Fastbus Instrumentation. (author). 9 refs., 5 figs., 4 appendixes

[Over-expression of miR-151a-3p inhibits proliferation and migration of PC-3 prostate cancer cells].

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Yi; Hao, Tongtong; Zhang, Han; Wei, Pengtao; Li, Xiaohui

2018-03-01

Objective To observe the effect of microRNA-151a-3p (miR-151a-3p) up-regulation on the proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells and explore the possible molecular mechanism. Methods The expression of miR-151a-3p in PC-3M, C4-2B, 22RV1, DU-145, PC-3, LNCap human prostate cancer cells and RWPE-1 human normal prostate epithelial cells was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. PC-3 cells with the lowest expression of miR-151a-3p were used for subsequent experiments. Bioinformatics and dual-luciferase reporter assay were performed to predict and test potential target genes of miR-151a-3p. The miR-151a-3p mimics or negative control microRNAs (miR-NCs) were transfected into PC-3 cells. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-151a-3p and potential target gene mRNA. The protein expressions of target genes and downstream signaling pathway proteins were analyzed by Western blotting. The proliferation of PC-3 cells was examined by MTT assay, and the migration of PC-3 cells was detected by Transwell TM assay. Results The expression level of miR-151a-3p in the prostate cancer cells was significantly lower than that in RWPE-1 normal human prostate epithelial cells. PC-3 cells had the lowest expression level of miR-151a-3p. The bioinformatics and dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that NEK2 was the potential target gene for miR-151a-3p. After transfection with miR-151a-3p mimics, the expression of miR-151a-3p in PC-3 cells significantly increased and the expression of NEK2 mRNA significantly decreased. The protein expressions of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway were also reduced. Up-regulation of miR-151a-3p significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of PC-3 cells. Conclusion The expression of miR-151a-3p is reduced in prostate cancer cells. Up-regulation of miR-151a-3p can inhibit the proliferation and migration of P-3 in prostate cancer by decreasing the expression of NEK2 and PI3K

El estrés y el niño. Factores de estrés durante la infancia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Teresa GONZÁLEZ MARTÍNEZ

2009-11-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: El estrés, uno de los conceptos más utilizados y que mayor número de investigaciones genera en el ámbito de la psicología Clínica y de la Salud, es, al mismo tiempo, un concepto bastante confuso debido a su gran complejidad y amplitud de contenido. El estrés ha sido definido en términos de sobreestimulación o acontecimientos estimulares intensos, se ha identificado con las reacciones o respuestas que implican un alto grado de activación y actividad en el sujeto y, por último, se ha considerado como desequilibrio entre las exigencias de los estímulos y las respuestas del sujeto. En la conceptualización del estrés como "desequilibrio", quedan incluidos como elementos importantes del mismo, los estímulos estresantes, las reacciones del sujeto y las estrategias y recursos personales y sociales que facilitan o interfieren en el afrontamiento a la situación. Desde esta concepción del estrés, podemos hablar de acontecimientos en la infancia como la escolarización, las demandas familiares excesivas, las exigencias de la escuela, el nacimiento de un hermano, la separación o divorcio de los padres, etc., que pueden resultar estresantes para el niño, desbordando su capacidad para afrontarlos y lograr la adaptación.ABSTRACT: Stress, one of the most widely used concepts, which has generated a great amount of investigations in the Clinic and Health Psychology, is, at the same time, a rather confusing idea due to its high complexity and wide significance. Stress has been defined as an overstimulation or in terms of intense stimulating events. It has been identified with the reactions or responses that imply a high degree of activation and activity of the subject. Lastly, it has been considered as the unbalance between the stimulation demands and the subject reactions. Concerning the concept of stress as "inbalanced", there are several important elements considered within; namely the stressful stimuli, the subject reactions and

Antecedentes y consecuencias del burnout en deportistas: estrés percibido y depresión

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristina de Francisco

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes/Objetivo : El objetivo fue investigar la relación entre estrés percibido, burnout y depresión en deportistas. Se presenta el estrés como antecedente del burnout y la depresión como consecuencia de ambos. Método : Participaron en el estudio 453 deportistas. Estrés y depresión fueron medidos con Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS y burnout en deportistas con Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ. Los datos fueron analizados desde la perspectiva de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM. Resultados : El efecto directo del estrés sobre el burnout y la depresión fue de 0,66 y 0,24, respectivamente y el del burnout sobre la depresión de 0,53; todos ellos significa - tivos ( p <0,001. El estrés explica el 43% de la varianza del burnout y el estrés conjunta - mente con el burnout, el 50% de la varianza de la depresión. Los índices de ajuste del modelo fueron: χ 2 (224= 520,881 ( p <0,001, χ 2 /df = 2,32, el índice de bondad de ajuste (GFI = 0,91, el índice de bondad de ajuste comparativo (CFI= 0,89, la raíz del residuo cuadrático promedio de aproximación (RMSEA = 0,054 (90% intervalo de confianza, 0,048-0,060 y raíz cuadrada de la media cuadrática del residual estandarizado (SRMR = 0,063. Conclusiones : Este estudio permite conocer la relación existente entre estrés, burnout y depresión en un único modelo.

The temporal locus of the interaction between working memory consolidation and the attentional blink.

Science.gov (United States)

Akyürek, Elkan G; Leszczyński, Marcin; Schubö, Anna

2010-11-01

An increase in concurrent working memory load has been shown to amplify the attentional blink. The present study investigated the temporal locus of this phenomenon, by using a dual rapid serial visual presentation paradigm that enabled the measurement of lateralized event-related potentials. The P3 component was shown to be affected by both working memory load and the lag between the target stimuli, consistent with current models of temporal attention and a functional explanation of the P3 in terms of memory consolidation. P3 amplitude was reduced for short target lags and high memory loads. The P2 component was affected by lag only, and not memory load. Importantly, the N2pc component was modulated also by both lag and memory load. The results showed that early attentional processing (as marked by the N2pc) was suppressed by increased involvement of working memory, a phenomenon not well predicted by many current theories of temporal attention. Copyright © 2010 Society for Psychophysiological Research.

[Inhibition effects of black rice pericarp extracts on cell proliferation of PC-3 cells].

Science.gov (United States)

Jiang, Weiwei; Yu, Xudong; Ren, Guofeng

2013-05-01

To observe the inhibitive effects of black rice pericarp extracts on cell proliferation of human prostate cancer cell PC-3 and to explore its effecting mechanism. The black rice pericarp extract was used to treat the PC-3 cells. The inhibitory effect of black rice pericarp extract on cells proliferation of PC-3 was tested by MTT method. Cell apoptosis rates and cell cycle were measured by flow cytometric assay (FCM). Western blot was used to study the protein expression levels of p38, p-p38, JNK, p-JNK. A dose-dependent and time-dependent proliferation inhibition of black rice pericarp extract was demonstrated in PC-3. The most prominent experiment condition was inhibitory concentration with 300microg/ml and treated for 72 h. The experiment result of flow cytometry analysis demonstrates that the apoptosis rate of PC-3 cells increased along with the increasing of black rice pericarp extract concentration, and a G1-S cell cycle arrest was induced in a dose-dependent manner. After PC-3 cell was treated with black rice pericarp extract for 72 h, the expressions of p-p38, p-JNK protein increased. Black rice pericarp extract could inhibit proliferation, change the cell cycle distributions and induce apoptosis in human prostatic cancer cell PC-3. Its inhibitory effect may be through promoting activation of the JNK, p38 signaling pathway. These results suggest that black rice pericarp extract maybe has an inhibitory effect on prostatic cancer.

Inferring mechanisms of copy number change from haplotype structures at the human DEFA1A3 locus.

Science.gov (United States)

Black, Holly A; Khan, Fayeza F; Tyson, Jess; Al Armour, John

2014-07-21

The determination of structural haplotypes at copy number variable regions can indicate the mechanisms responsible for changes in copy number, as well as explain the relationship between gene copy number and expression. However, obtaining spatial information at regions displaying extensive copy number variation, such as the DEFA1A3 locus, is complex, because of the difficulty in the phasing and assembly of these regions. The DEFA1A3 locus is intriguing in that it falls within a region of high linkage disequilibrium, despite its high variability in copy number (n = 3-16); hence, the mechanisms responsible for changes in copy number at this locus are unclear. In this study, a region flanking the DEFA1A3 locus was sequenced across 120 independent haplotypes with European ancestry, identifying five common classes of DEFA1A3 haplotype. Assigning DEFA1A3 class to haplotypes within the 1000 Genomes project highlights a significant difference in DEFA1A3 class frequencies between populations with different ancestry. The features of each DEFA1A3 class, for example, the associated DEFA1A3 copy numbers, were initially assessed in a European cohort (n = 599) and replicated in the 1000 Genomes samples, showing within-class similarity, but between-class and between-population differences in the features of the DEFA1A3 locus. Emulsion haplotype fusion-PCR was used to generate 61 structural haplotypes at the DEFA1A3 locus, showing a high within-class similarity in structure. Structural haplotypes across the DEFA1A3 locus indicate that intra-allelic rearrangement is the predominant mechanism responsible for changes in DEFA1A3 copy number, explaining the conservation of linkage disequilibrium across the locus. The identification of common structural haplotypes at the DEFA1A3 locus could aid studies into how DEFA1A3 copy number influences expression, which is currently unclear.

Stability of the Gel Electrolyte PAN : EC : PC : LICF3SO3 towards Lithium

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Perera, Kumudu; Dissanayake, M.A.K.L.; Skaarup, Steen

2006-01-01

The stability of the gel electrolyte consisting of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC) and lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiCF3SO3 – LiTF) towards metallic lithium was investigated using the time evolution of impedance plots. Symmetric cells of the form Li...... / PAN : EC : PC: LiTF / Li were assembled and impedance data were collected at room temperature for one week. A clear indication of growth of a resistive layer could be seen. The electrolyte resistance remained constant. The growth of the passivation layer became constant after first two days...

Regulación emocional y estrés académico en estudiantes de fisioterapia

OpenAIRE

Souto-Gestal, Antonio

2014-01-01

[Resumen] El estrés experimentado dentro del contexto académico constituye un tópico que ha recibido un creciente interés en los últimos años, debido a sus implicaciones sobre el aprendizaje, rendimiento, salud y bienestar del estudiante. Desde el modelo transaccional del estrés se considera que además de las condiciones estimulares externas, son los recursos de afrontamiento del individuo los que determinan la naturaleza de la experiencia subjetiva de estrés. La regulación emocional represen...

Prácticas alimentarias y estreñimiento en bebes

OpenAIRE

Cinalli, Betiana

2013-01-01

La constipación representa un problema frecuente; epidemiológicamente se estima que afecta entre un 10 y 20% de la población infantil. En los lactantes la definición de estreñimiento se basa en el cambio de las características de las deposiciones observadas por la madre, acompañada de una disminución en la frecuencia. Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de estreñimiento y las prácticas alimentarias implicadas durante el primer año de vida en los lactantes que concurren a los contr...

Polycystic kidney disease in the medaka (Oryzias latipes pc mutant caused by a mutation in the Gli-Similar3 (glis3 gene.

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Hisashi Hashimoto

Full Text Available Polycystic kidney disease (PKD is a common hereditary disease in humans. Recent studies have shown an increasing number of ciliary genes that are involved in the pathogenesis of PKD. In this study, the Gli-similar3 (glis3 gene was identified as the causal gene of the medaka pc mutant, a model of PKD. In the pc mutant, a transposon was found to be inserted into the fourth intron of the pc/glis3 gene, causing aberrant splicing of the pc/glis3 mRNA and thus a putatively truncated protein with a defective zinc finger domain. pc/glis3 mRNA is expressed in the epithelial cells of the renal tubules and ducts of the pronephros and mesonephros, and also in the pancreas. Antisense oligonucleotide-mediated knockdown of pc/glis3 resulted in cyst formation in the pronephric tubules of medaka fry. Although three other glis family members, glis1a, glis1b and glis2, were found in the medaka genome, none were expressed in the embryonic or larval kidney. In the pc mutant, the urine flow rate in the pronephros was significantly reduced, which was considered to be a direct cause of renal cyst formation. The cilia on the surface of the renal tubular epithelium were significantly shorter in the pc mutant than in wild-type, suggesting that shortened cilia resulted in a decrease in driving force and, in turn, a reduction in urine flow rate. Most importantly, EGFP-tagged pc/glis3 protein localized in primary cilia as well as in the nucleus when expressed in mouse renal epithelial cells, indicating a strong connection between pc/glis3 and ciliary function. Unlike human patients with GLIS3 mutations, the medaka pc mutant shows none of the symptoms of a pancreatic phenotype, such as impaired insulin expression and/or diabetes, suggesting that the pc mutant may be suitable for use as a kidney-specific model for human GLIS3 patients.

Human prostatic cancer cells, PC3, elaborate mitogenic activity which selectively stimulates human bone cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Perkel, V.S.; Mohan, S.; Herring, S.J.; Baylink, D.J.; Linkhart, T.A.

1990-01-01

Prostatic cancer typically produces osteoblastic metastases which are not attended by marrow fibrosis. In the present study we sought to test the hypothesis that prostatic cancer cells produce factor(s) which act selectively on human osteoblasts. Such a paracrine mechanism would explain the observed increase in osteoblasts, unaccompanied by an increase in marrow fibroblasts. To test this hypothesis we investigated the mitogenic activity released by the human prostatic tumor cell line, PC3. PC3 cells have been reported previously to produce mitogenic activity for cells that was relatively specific for rat osteoblasts compared to rat fibroblasts. However, the effects of this activity on human cells has not been examined previously. PC3-conditioned medium (CM) (5-50 micrograms CM protein/ml) stimulated human osteoblast proliferation by 200-950% yet did not stimulate human fibroblast proliferation ([3H]thymidine incorporation). PC3 CM also increased cell numbers in human osteoblast but not fibroblast cell cultures. To determine whether the osteoblast-specific mitogenic activity could be attributed to known bone growth factors, specific assays for these growth factors were performed. PC3 CM contained 10 pg insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I, less than 2 pg IGF II, 54 pg basic fibroblast growth factor, and 16 pg transforming growth factor beta/microgram CM protein. None of these growth factors alone or in combination could account for the observed osteoblast-specific PC3 cell-derived mitogenic activity. Furthermore, when 5 micrograms/ml PC3 CM was tested in combination with maximally effective concentrations of either basic fibroblast growth factor, IGF I, IGF II, or transforming growth factor beta, it produced an additive effect suggesting that PC3 CM stimulates osteoblast proliferation by a mechanism independent of these bone mitogens

Percepción del estrés competitivo y cultura en futbolistas profesionales de Brasil y Portugal

OpenAIRE

M. Regina F. Brand\\u00E3o; Hiram Vald\\u00E9s Casal; Alfonso Antonio Machado; Ana Ramires

2006-01-01

El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar jugadores de fútbol con diferentes perspectivas culturales y similar nivel de experiencia, en la percepción del estrés. Fueron evaluados 18 jugadores Brasileños de la Selección Nacional Brasileña, y 20 jugadores Portugueses de la Selección Nacional Portuguesa, con una media de edad de 26,69 + 4,1 y 26,05 + 2,3 años respectivamente, mediante el Inventario de Estrés en Fútbol. Aparece una tendencia resulta muy marcada, los ítems que son evaluados co...

Validación del instrumento de estrés laboral para médicos mexicanos

OpenAIRE

Hernández González, Angélica Irene; Ortega Andeane, Rosa Patricia; Reidl Martínez, Lucy María

2012-01-01

Se plantea la importancia del estudio del estrés laboral, más allá del síndrome de Burnout, puesto que tal síndrome es un tipo de estrés laboral, generado específicamente en ocupaciones que implican relación interpersonal y prestación de un servicio. Se validó el Instrumento de Estrés Laboral, que identifica situaciones ambientales y laborales percibidas como estresantes por 201 médicos practicantes de 19 especialidades en hospitales públicos de Michoacán, Estado de México y Distrito Federal....

Prevalencia de estrés laboral en trabajadores de un contact center de Bogotá

OpenAIRE

Barragán Vargas, Erika

2015-01-01

Introducción. Los Contact Center son una tendencia global que cada vez se impone más en nuestro país, y el estrés es un factor común ligado a sus trabajadores alrededor del mundo. Materiales y métodos. Este estudio de corte transversal, evalúo desde tres perspectivas el estrés buscando hallar la prevalencia de estresores laborales y síntomas de estrés en 440 trabajadores de un Contac Center en Bogotá en el 2015, a través de la realización de las encuestas JCQ (Job Content Questionnaire),...

Estrés académico, "engagement" y resiliencia en estudiantes de enfermería.

OpenAIRE

Berzosa Honrado, Raquel

2017-01-01

El estrés académico tiene una alta prevalencia actualmente. Esto es relevante, puesto que altos niveles de estrés repercutirán negativamente en la salud y en el rendimiento académico. Además, diversos análisis han señalado que en los estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud estos niveles son más elevados. Por lo tanto, se hace necesario analizar el estrés en alumnos de Enfermería, así como variables que influyan sobre los mismos. Conocer dichos resultados orientaría hacia actuaciones preventivas y...

Estrés laboral y síndrome de burnout en docentes cubanos de enseñanza primaria

OpenAIRE

Oramas Viera, Arlene

2013-01-01

El estrés laboral y el síndrome de burnout en el docente cubano de enseñanza primaria, a pesar del impacto negativo que suelen tener en la salud y el desempeño profesional, han sido poco estudiados. En el presente trabajo, con el objetivo de detectar la presencia del estrés laboral y el síndrome de burnout, en una muestra de 621 docentes de enseñanza primaria en cuatro provincias, se utilizó el Inventario de estrés para maestros, la Escala sintomática de estrés y el Inventario de burnout de M...

Factores desencadenantes de estrés en el servicio de urgencias del Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias

OpenAIRE

Cárdaba García, Vanessa

2013-01-01

los servicios de urgencias son lugares generadores de estrés por excelencia dadas sus características para el trabajo.Por ello, es importante identificar cuales son los factores que causan estrés en el personal de enfermería del HUCA llevándose a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal. La falta de apoyo y la muerte y sufrimiento son dos de las situaciones que mas causan estrés entre los profesionales.

Modos de afrontamiento de estrés laboral en una muestra de docentes universitarios

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eloísa Guerrero Barona

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Los objetivos del presente estudio han sido comprobar si las variables antecedentes (demográficas, sociales, laborales y motivacionales que se han empleado en las numerosas investigaciones realizadas sobre estrés y burnout docente pudieran también estar asociadas a los diferentes modos de afrontar el estrés laboral, y en ese caso, constatar las posibles variables predictoras y el porcentaje de varianza asociada. Para ello trabajamos con una muestra formada por 258 profesores-as de la Universidad de Extremadura empleando un cuestionario sociodemográfico, laboral y motivacional, de elaboración propia, y la escala de técnicas de afrontamiento del estrés de Carver et al. (1989. Con todos los grupos de variables realizamos una estadística descriptiva e inferencial que completamos con varios análisis de regresión múltiple utilizando el método stepwise, a un nivel de confianza del 95%. Los resultados que se desprenden indican que, en su conjunto, los predictores sociodemográficos (sexo, edad y paternidad explican el 15,5% de los modos de afrontar el estrés, los predictores laborales (categoría docente, semidistritos y años de experiencia explican un 8% y, por último, los motivacionales (inconvenientes, causas de BLT y nº de BLT explican el 25,5% de la varianza de los modos de afrontar el estrés.

Evaluación del estrés y el impacto de la fibromialgia después de autoaplicar técnicas cognitivo-conductuales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mónica Teresa González-Ramírez

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se diseñaron dos cursos virtuales auto-aplicados para personas con fibromialgia, basados en técnicas cognitivo-conductuales. Los objetivos fueron, (1 Evaluar los resultados del primer curso sobre estrés percibido e impacto de la fibromialgia. (2 Evaluar los resultados del segundo curso, en la disminución de, fallos cotidianos de memoria, pensamientos negativos, catastrofización, e impacto de la fibromialgia. Y (3 comparar niveles de estrés e impacto en las cuatro mediciones (pre-post, ambos cursos. Participaron 22 mujeres en el primero y 8 en el segundo. Se encontró mejoría en estrés percibido e impacto de la fibromialgia después del primer curso. Después del segundo disminuyeron: pensamientos negativos, catastrofización e impacto. Hubo una recaída en el estrés y el impacto entre ambos cursos disminuyendo nuevamente al concluir el segundo.

Seismic Adequacy Review of PC012 SCEs that are Potential Seismic Hazards with PC3 SCEs - CVD Facility

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

OCOMA, E.C.

1999-01-01

This document provides seismic adequacy review of PCO12 Systems, Components L Equipment anchorage that are potential seismic interaction hazards with PC3 SCEs during a Design Basis Earthquake. The PCO12 items are identified in the Safety Equipment List as 3/1 SCEs

Estrés Materno y Configuración Familiar: Estudio comparativo en Familias Chilenas Monoparentales y Nucleares de bajos ingresos

OpenAIRE

Olhaberry, Marcia; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Farkas, Chamarrita

2012-01-01

Los estudios sobre estrés materno durante la crianza infantil han considerado variables contextuales para explicarlo. El nivel socioeconómico, así como la configuración familiar han sido variables relevantes, asociándose monoparentalidad en familias de bajos ingresos a mayores niveles de estrés materno. Se estudian los niveles de estrés materno en familias chilenas nucleares y monoparentales de N.S.E. bajo, considerando el estrés en distintas dimensiones, asociado al rol materno, a la interac...

Vitaminas y minerales contra el estrés

OpenAIRE

Espinosa Hernández, Jose Antonio; Cué Brugueras, Manuel

2001-01-01

Se define el estrés como tal, así como los tipos de tratamientos para este. Se expresan las relaciones entre las multivitaminas y minerales y el estr��s y se dan criterios sobre su uso. Se concluye que los principales medicamentos antiestrés encontrados contienen las vitaminas E, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B12,C, ácido fólico y minerales cinc y hierro; entre los principales fabricantes se encuentran: Lederle, Rugby, Ayerst, Scherin, Vicks Health Care, Goldline, Squibbs, Miles Inc. y Natural Life.The...

Ion and solvent diffusion and ion conduction of PC-DEC and PC-DME binary solvent electrolytes of LiN(SO2CF3)2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hayamizu, Kikuko; Aihara, Yuichi

2004-01-01

Two binary mixed solvent systems typically used for lithium batteries were studied by measuring the self-diffusion coefficients of the solvent, lithium ion and anion, independently by using the multi-nuclear pulsed field-gradient spin-echo (PGSE) 1 H, 7 Li and 19 F NMR method. One system was propylene carbonate (PC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) system and the other binary system was PC and 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), and the lithium salt used was LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 (LiTFSI). The relative ratio of the PC was changed from zero (pure DME and DEC) to 100% (pure PC) in the DME-PC and the DEC-PC systems, respectively. The self-diffusion coefficients of the solvents were measured with and without the lithium salt, and the two solvents had almost the same diffusion coefficient in the DEC-PC system, while DME diffused faster than PC in the DME-PC system. In the electrolytes the solvents diffused the fastest, followed by the anion with the lithium ion diffusing the slowest. The degree of ion dissociation was estimated for each electrolyte by comparing the ionic conductivities estimated from the ion diffusion and those measured directly by the electrochemical method

Cuestionario de afrontamiento del estrés (CAE) : validación en una muestra mexicana

OpenAIRE

González Ramírez, Mónica Teresa; Landero Hernández, René

2007-01-01

El artículo describe los resultados de la aplicación del Cuestionario de Afrontamiento del Estrés (San-dín, B. y Chorot, P. (2003). Cuestionario de Afrontamiento del Estrés (CAE): Desarrollo y validación preliminar. Revista de Psicopatología y Psic

Instability of expanded simple tandem repeats is induced in cell culture by a variety of agents: N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea, benzo(a)pyrene, etoposide and okadaic acid

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Polyzos, Aris [Environmental Health Centre, Environmental and occupational Toxicology Division, Health Canada, Tunney' s Pasture, P.L. 0803A, Ottawa, Ont., K1A 0L2 (Canada); Parfett, Craig [Environmental Health Centre, Environmental and occupational Toxicology Division, Health Canada, Tunney' s Pasture, P.L. 0803A, Ottawa, Ont., K1A 0L2 (Canada); Healy, Caroline [Environmental Health Centre, Environmental and occupational Toxicology Division, Health Canada, Tunney' s Pasture, P.L. 0803A, Ottawa, Ont., K1A 0L2 (Canada); Douglas, George R. [Environmental Health Centre, Environmental and occupational Toxicology Division, Health Canada, Tunney' s Pasture, P.L. 0803A, Ottawa, Ont., K1A 0L2 (Canada); Yauk, Carole L. [Environmental Health Centre, Environmental and occupational Toxicology Division, Health Canada, Tunney' s Pasture, P.L. 0803A, Ottawa, Ont., K1A 0L2 (Canada)]. E-mail: Carole_Yauk@hc-sc.gc.ca

2006-06-25

Expanded simple tandem repeat (ESTR) sequences have proven useful biomarkers to detect genotoxicity in vivo. Their high sensitivity has been used to assess environmentally relevant doses of mutagens such as ionizing radiation, DNA alkylating agents and airborne particulate pollution, for germline mutations in mouse assays. The mutagenic response involves size alteration of these ESTR loci induced by agents causing a variety of cellular damage. The mechanistic aspects of this induced instability remain unclear and have not been studied in detail. Mechanistic knowledge is important to help understand the relevance of increased ESTR mutation frequencies. In this study, we applied a murine cell culture system to examine induced response to four agents exhibiting different modes of toxic action including: N-nitroso-N-ethylurea (ENU), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), okadaic acid and etoposide at slightly sub-toxic levels. We used single-molecule-polymerase chain reaction (SM-PCR) to assess the relative mutant frequency after 4-week chemical treatments at the Ms6-hm ESTR sequence of cultured C3H/10T1/2 cells (a mouse embryonic cell line). Increased mutation was observed with both 0.64 mM ENU (1.95-fold increase, P < 0.0001), 1 {mu}M benzo(a)pyrene (1.87-fold increase, P = 0.0006) and 3 nM etoposide (1.89-fold increase, P = 0.0003). The putative ESTR mutagen okadaic acid (1.27-fold increase, P = 0.2289), administered at 0.5 nM, did not affect the C3H/10T1/2 Ms6-hm locus. Therefore, agents inducing small and bulky adducts, and indirectly causing strand breaks through inhibition of topoisomerase, caused similar induction of instability at an ESTR locus at matched toxicities. As size spectra for induced mutations were identical, the data indicate that although these chemicals exhibit distinct modes of action, a similar indirect process is influencing ESTR instability. In contrast, a potent tumour promoter that is a kinase inhibitor does not contribute to induced ESTR instability in

Instability of expanded simple tandem repeats is induced in cell culture by a variety of agents: N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea, benzo(a)pyrene, etoposide and okadaic acid

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Polyzos, Aris; Parfett, Craig; Healy, Caroline; Douglas, George R.; Yauk, Carole L.

2006-01-01

Expanded simple tandem repeat (ESTR) sequences have proven useful biomarkers to detect genotoxicity in vivo. Their high sensitivity has been used to assess environmentally relevant doses of mutagens such as ionizing radiation, DNA alkylating agents and airborne particulate pollution, for germline mutations in mouse assays. The mutagenic response involves size alteration of these ESTR loci induced by agents causing a variety of cellular damage. The mechanistic aspects of this induced instability remain unclear and have not been studied in detail. Mechanistic knowledge is important to help understand the relevance of increased ESTR mutation frequencies. In this study, we applied a murine cell culture system to examine induced response to four agents exhibiting different modes of toxic action including: N-nitroso-N-ethylurea (ENU), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), okadaic acid and etoposide at slightly sub-toxic levels. We used single-molecule-polymerase chain reaction (SM-PCR) to assess the relative mutant frequency after 4-week chemical treatments at the Ms6-hm ESTR sequence of cultured C3H/10T1/2 cells (a mouse embryonic cell line). Increased mutation was observed with both 0.64 mM ENU (1.95-fold increase, P < 0.0001), 1 μM benzo(a)pyrene (1.87-fold increase, P = 0.0006) and 3 nM etoposide (1.89-fold increase, P = 0.0003). The putative ESTR mutagen okadaic acid (1.27-fold increase, P = 0.2289), administered at 0.5 nM, did not affect the C3H/10T1/2 Ms6-hm locus. Therefore, agents inducing small and bulky adducts, and indirectly causing strand breaks through inhibition of topoisomerase, caused similar induction of instability at an ESTR locus at matched toxicities. As size spectra for induced mutations were identical, the data indicate that although these chemicals exhibit distinct modes of action, a similar indirect process is influencing ESTR instability. In contrast, a potent tumour promoter that is a kinase inhibitor does not contribute to induced ESTR instability in cell

Effects of oridonin nanosuspension on cell proliferation and apoptosis of human prostatic carcinoma PC-3 cell line

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Zhen Zhang

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Zhen Zhang, Xiumei Zhang, Wei Xue, Yuna YangYang, Derong Xu, Yunxue Zhao, Haiyan LouSchool of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Republic of ChinaAbstract: This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effects of oridonin nanosuspension on human prostatic carcinoma PC-3 cell line in vitro. The PC-3 cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of oridonin solution and nanosuspensions for 12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours. MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay was performed to measure cellular viability and investigate the effect of oridonin on cell growth of PC-3. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining method was used to determine the effect of oridonin by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry, respectively. Nanosuspension on early apoptosis of PC-3 cells was also evaluated. Oridonin significantly inhibited the growth of PC-3 cells after 12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours of treatment in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05. Compared with the same concentration of oridonin solution, oridonin nanosuspension enhanced the inhibition ratio of proliferation. The observation of propidium iodide fluorescence staining confirmed the MTT assay results. The cell proportion of PC-3 at the G2/M phase in the nanosuspension treatment group was upregulated compared with that of the control and oridonin solution groups. Both oridonin solution and nanosuspension promoted the early apoptosis of PC-3 cells. Furthermore, while improving the ratio of early apoptosis, oridonin nanosuspensions also enhanced growth suppression, and induced apoptosis of PC-3 cells. This shows great potential in the treatment of androgen-independent carcinoma of prostate by oridonin nanosuspensions.Keywords: oridonin, nanosuspension, carcinoma of prostate, PC-3 cells, cell cycle, apoptosis

Consecuencias del estrés oxidativo de la piel por radiaciones ultravioleta

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Alvarez Fontanet, Ernesto

1995-01-01

Se ha avanzado en el conocimiento de la participación de las especies reactivas del oxígeno en la fisiopatología de muchas entidades y fenómenos patológicos. La piel es probablemente uno de los órganos que con mayor frecuencia sufre estrés oxidativo. Las radiaciones ultravioleta constituyen el principal factor generador de estrés oxidativo a este nivel. El fotoestrés oxidativo de la piel por radiaciones ultravioleta está mediado por diferentes mecanismos y favorecido por diversas circunstanci...

El estrés docente en los profesores de escuela pública

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Castro Velandrez, Patricia del Pilar

2008-01-01

El objetivo general de esta investigación es describir los factores que desencadenan el estrés laboral en los docentes de instituciones educativas públicas. Como objetivos específicos esta tesis busca describir de qué maneras la gestión institucional, la situación laboral, la infraestructura y la disponibilidad de material didáctico y otros factores desencadenan estrés en el docente. La metodología empleada consiste en un enfoque descriptivo de investigación y un estudio de ...

Diferencias en el afrontamiento del estrés en estudiantes universitarios hombres y mujeres

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Ramón G. Cabanach

2013-06-01

Full Text Available En la actualidad son todavía escasos los trabajos que analizan el estrés académico universitario desde la perspectiva del género. En esta investigación se aborda el estudio de posibles diferencias significativas entre sexos en el afrontamiento de situaciones académicas estresantes. Se plantea un diseño ex post facto prospectivo simple de corte transversal. La muestra estaba compuesta por 2102 estudiantes universitarios de diversos ámbitos de conocimiento (Educación, Ciencias de la Salud, Ciencias Jurídico-Sociales y Ciencias Técnicas, 647 hombres y 1455 mujeres, con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 51 años (M = 21,11; DT = 3,31. Las estrategias de afrontamiento fueron evaluadas a través de la Escala de Afrontamiento del Estrés (A-CEA. Los resultados de este trabajo ponen de manifiesto que los hombres recurren en mayor medida a las estrategias de reevaluación positiva y planificación como medidas de afrontamiento de situaciones académicas problemáticas, mientras que las mujeres optan fundamentalmente por la búsqueda de apoyo. Se analizan posibles causas explicativas de estas diferencias así como algunas medidas de intervención tendentes a la reducción del estrés en estudiantes universitarios.

NanoTIO2 (UV-Titan does not induce ESTR mutations in the germline of prenatally exposed female mice

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Boisen Anne Mette

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Particulate air pollution has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Animal studies have shown that inhalation of air particulates induces mutations in the male germline. Expanded simple tandem repeat (ESTR loci in mice are sensitive markers of mutagenic effects on male germ cells resulting from environmental exposures; however, female germ cells have received little attention. Oocytes may be vulnerable during stages of active cell division (e.g., during fetal development. Accordingly, an increase in germline ESTR mutations in female mice prenatally exposed to radiation has previously been reported. Here we investigate the effects of nanoparticles on the female germline. Since pulmonary exposure to nanosized titanium dioxide (nanoTiO2 produces a long-lasting inflammatory response in mice, it was chosen for the present study. Findings Pregnant C57BL/6 mice were exposed by whole-body inhalation to the nanoTiO2 UV-Titan L181 (~42.4 mg UV-Titan/m3 or filtered clean air on gestation days (GD 8–18. Female C57BL/6 F1 offspring were raised to maturity and mated with unexposed CBA males. The F2 descendents were collected and ESTR germline mutation rates in this generation were estimated from full pedigrees (mother, father, offspring of F1 female mice (192 UV-Titan-exposed F2 offspring and 164 F2 controls. ESTR mutation rates of 0.029 (maternal allele and 0.047 (paternal allele in UV-Titan-exposed F2 offspring were not statistically different from those of F2 controls: 0.037 (maternal allele and 0.061 (paternal allele. Conclusions We found no evidence for increased ESTR mutation rates in F1 females exposed in utero to UV-Titan nanoparticles from GD8-18 relative to control females.

Guía de práctica clínica: síndrome del intestino irritable con estreñimiento y estreñimiento funcional en adultos: concepto, diagnóstico y continuidad asistencial. (Parte 1 de 2)

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F. Mearin; C. Ciriza; M. Mínguez; E. Rey; J.J. Mascort; E. Peña; P. Cañones; J. Júdez

2017-01-01

En esta Guía de práctica clínica analizamos el manejo diagnóstico y terapéutico de pacientes adultos con estreñimiento y molestias abdominales, bajo el espectro del síndrome del intestino irritable y el estreñimiento funcional. Tienen una importante repercusión personal, sanitaria y social, afectando a la calidad de vida de los pacientes que las padecen. En el síndrome del intestino irritable con predomino del estreñimiento, este es la alteración deposicional predominante junto con dolor abdo...

Indicadores de vulnerabilidad al estrés en directivos y su relación con factores de estrés organizacional Indicators of vulnerability to stress in executives and its relation to organizational factors of stress

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Anaisel Hernández Estrada

2012-06-01

Full Text Available El estrés es uno de los factores de riesgo más importantes para la mayoría de las enfermedades, provoca una respuesta del organismo a condiciones externas que perturban el equilibrio emocional de la persona. Sus consecuencias afectan la vida del individuo, dentro de ella, su esfera laboral, con su influencia en la efectividad productiva de los directivos de forma destacada, entorpeciendo suscapacidades para la toma de decisiones, el pensamiento flexible, la creatividad, motivación y la salud. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar si existe relación entre la presencia de indicadores de vulnerabilidad al estrés en los directivos del Hospital General Docente "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" y los factores de estrés organizacional percibidos por estos. Se utilizó un diseño de investigación no experimental, transversal, con un estudio descriptivo/correlacional en una muestra compuesta por 44 directivos. Se aplicó el test lista de indicadores de vulnerabilidad al estrés, el cuestionario sobre el estrés laboral de la OIT-OMS y una entrevista semiestructurada. Las preocupaciones y los trastornos psicosomáticos fueron los principales indicadores de vulnerabilidad al estrés obtenidos. El nivel de percepción de los factores organizacionales productores de estrés laboral fue bajo y correlacionaron significativamente con los indicadores de vulnerabilidad al estrés obtenidos, los elementos: clima y territorio organizacional y tecnología. No sobresalen cuantitativamente indicadores de problemas en cuanto a la vulnerabilidad al estrés en los directivos y el nivel de percepción de los directivos de las principales fuentes de riesgos existentes en el ámbito laboral que son productoras de estrés es fundamentalmente bajo.Stress is one of the most important risk factors to the majority of the diseases; it provokes a response of the organism to the external conditions that disturbs the emotional equilibrium of the individual. Its consequences

Superoxide dismutase in radioresistant PC-3 human prostate carcinoma cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Prokopovic, J.; Adzic M; Niciforovic, A.; Vucic, V.; Zaric, B.; Radojcic, M. B.

2006-01-01

The molecular mechanism of gamma-ionizing radiation (IR) resistance of human prostate cancer cells PC-3 is not known. Since low-LET-IR effects are primarily achieved through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), IR-induced expression of ROS-metabolizing antioxidant enzymes, Mn- and CuZn-superoxide dismutase (Mn- and CuZnSOD) and catalase (CAT), and their upstream regulator transcription factor NFκB was followed. Significant elevation of both SODs was found in cells irradiated with 10- and 20 Gy, while CAT and NFκB expression was unchanged. Since, such conditions lead to accumulation of H 2 O 2 , it is concluded that radioresistance of PC-3 cells may emerge from positive feed-forward vicious circle established between H 2 O 2 activation of NFκB and elevated MnSOD activity. (author)

Myostatin-deficiency in mice increases global gene expression at the Dlk1-Dio3 locus in the skeletal muscle.

Science.gov (United States)

Hitachi, Keisuke; Tsuchida, Kunihiro

2017-01-24

Myostatin, a member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth and development. Myostatin inhibition leads to increased skeletal muscle mass in mammals; hence, myostatin is considered a potential therapeutic target for skeletal muscle wasting. However, downstream molecules of myostatin in the skeletal muscle have not been fully elucidated. Here, we identified the Dlk1-Dio3 locus at the mouse chromosome 12qF1, also called as the callipyge locus in sheep, as a novel downstream target of myostatin. In skeletal muscle of myostatin knockout mice, the expression of mature miRNAs at the Dlk1-Dio3 locus was significantly increased. The increased miRNA levels are caused by the transcriptional activation of the Dlk1-Dio3 locus, because a significant increase in the primary miRNA transcript was observed in myostatin knockout mice. In addition, we found increased expression of coding and non-coding genes (Dlk1, Gtl2, Rtl1/Rtl1as, and Rian) at the Dlk1-Dio3 locus in myostatin-deficient skeletal muscle. Moreover, epigenetic changes, associated with the regulation of the Dlk1-Dio3 locus, were observed in myostatin knockout mice. Taken together, this is the first report demonstrating the role of myostatin in regulating the Dlk1-Dio3 (the callipyge) locus in the skeletal muscle.

Impaired terminal differentiation of hippocampal granule neurons and defective contextual memory in PC3/Tis21 knockout mice.

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Stefano Farioli-Vecchioli

Full Text Available Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult hippocampus has been implicated in neural plasticity and memory, but the molecular mechanisms controlling the proliferation and differentiation of newborn neurons and their integration into the synaptic circuitry are still largely unknown. To investigate this issue, we have analyzed the adult hippocampal neurogenesis in a PC3/Tis21-null mouse model. PC3/Tis21 is a transcriptional co-factor endowed with antiproliferative and prodifferentiative properties; indeed, its upregulation in neural progenitors has been shown to induce exit from cell cycle and differentiation. We demonstrate here that the deletion of PC3/Tis21 causes an increased proliferation of progenitor cells in the adult dentate gyrus and an arrest of their terminal differentiation. In fact, in the PC3/Tis21-null hippocampus postmitotic undifferentiated neurons accumulated, while the number of terminally differentiated neurons decreased of 40%. As a result, PC3/Tis21-null mice displayed a deficit of contextual memory. Notably, we observed that PC3/Tis21 can associate to the promoter of Id3, an inhibitor of proneural gene activity, and negatively regulates its expression, indicating that PC3/Tis21 acts upstream of Id3. Our results identify PC3/Tis21 as a gene required in the control of proliferation and terminal differentiation of newborn neurons during adult hippocampal neurogenesis and suggest its involvement in the formation of contextual memories.

Estrés Laboral como consecuencia de los incidentes en la planta concentradora Huari - La Oroya - 2014

OpenAIRE

Bautista Puente, Luis Alberto

2016-01-01

El presente trabajo de investigación, Estrés Laboral como consecuencia de los incidentes en la planta concentradora Huari – La Oroya – 2014, planteó la interrogante principal: ¿Cómo influye el Estrés Laboral en los Incidentes en la Planta Concentradora Huari – La Oroya – 2014?; el objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la influencia del Estrés Laboral en los Incidentes en la Planta Concentradora Huari – La Oroya – 2014. La base teórica que sustenta la investigación es el fundamento teóri...

Mediación moderada, sensibilidad emocional y afrontamiento en el contexto del estrés

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Leticia Guarino

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El presente trabajo describe una propuesta teórica explicativa de la relación estrés-enfermedad, denominada modelo de mediación moderada, en el cual se establece la intervención de la sensibilidad emocional y el afrontamiento en tal relación, actuando la primera como variable moderadora y la segunda como variable mediadora del modelo. La propuesta pasa por una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura reportada en los últimos 15 años sobre el tema de las variables moderadoras y mediadoras en el contexto del estrés y la importancia de su diferenciación a la hora de integrarlas en los modelos explicativos. Para ello, se usaron las palabras clave “moderación, mediación y estrés” como criterios de búsqueda en las bases de datos bibliográficas. Asimismo, se ofrecen múltiples evidencias sobre la influencia de la sensibilidad emocional y el afrontamiento en la relación estrés-enfermedad en diferentes contextos y poblaciones. El modelo de mediación moderada se presenta como una propuesta teórica a ser validada empíricamente.

Condiciones de Trabajo y Estrés en Académicos Universitarios

OpenAIRE

Palacios Nava, Martha Edilia; Montes de Oca Zavala, Verónica

2017-01-01

RESUMEN: Objetivo: Identificar condiciones de trabajo en académicos universitarios y su relación con la prevalencia de estrés. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio transversal con 248 docentes. El estrés se determi nó con el instrumento de demanda/control de Karasek-Theorell. Resultados: 19,4% tuvieron alta tensión en el trabajo. El promedio del puntaje de tensión emocional calculado mediante el término de razón, fue de 0,8479 DE ±0.1185. Se encontraron diferencias estadís ticamente signi...

Estrés en una muestra de niños de Caracas

OpenAIRE

Aguilar Durán, Leonardo Andrés

2017-01-01

Stress in a sample of children from CaracasResumenEl objetivo de este estudio descriptivo fue caracterizar el estrés en una muestra de niños caraqueños, poniendo énfasis en identificar los eventos estresantes prevalentes. Asimismo, puesto que la percepción de las amenazas se encuentra mediada por las características específicas de cada sujeto (Lazarus y Folkman, 1986), se analizaron las diferencias de estrés en función del sexo y del tipo de institución educativa (i.e., pública o privada) de ...

Competencia personal, autoeficacia y estrés en árbitros de ciclismo

OpenAIRE

Blasco, Tomás

1999-01-01

Se administró un cuestionario a 56 árbitros de ciclismo para conocer tanto el nivel de estrés que les producían determinadas situaciones como el nivel de autoeficacia que tenían respecto a las mismas. Asimismo, se administró la versión española de la Escala de Competencia Personal de Wallston para averiguar si dicho constructo permitía identificar qué árbitros experimentaban menos estrés y, además, creían estar más capacitados para superar las situaciones propuestas. Los resultados indican qu...

Identificación en la carne de biomarcadores de estrés animal

OpenAIRE

Oliván, Mamen; Díaz, Fernando; Potes, Yaiza; Rubio, Adrián; Coto, Ana

2016-01-01

Existe una limitación importante para la definición de criterios y medidas de control del estrés, que proviene del hecho de que medir el grado de bienestar o estrés animal es más complicado de lo que parece. Se han realizado grandes esfuerzos por incrementar los conocimientos en este campo, especialmente en los animales de granja. Los expertos defienden la aplicación de sistemas de evaluación de múltiples criterios o “multi-criteria” (alojamiento, sanitarios, ...

Mecanismos psicobiológicos y del desarrollo de la reactividad al estrés en roedores y humanos

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Leonardo A. Ortega

2011-03-01

Full Text Available La investigación con modelos animales ha tenido un avance importante sobre elconocimiento de los mecanismos psicobiológicos que subyacen a las diferenciasindividuales que existen con referencia a la reactividad al estrés. La investigaciónanimal también ha ayudado en la comprensión de los correlatos psicobiológicosde la reactividad al estrés en humanos, al sugerir mecanismos neuroquímicosparticulares para la investigación y al producir modelos generales defuncionamiento psicológico aplicables en humanos. En este artículo se describenlos elementos neuroquímicos básicos de la reactividad al estrés. Adicionalmente,se utiliza el modelo de epigénesis probabilística para incluir los elementos deldesarrollo y genéticos que proveen el contexto necesario para la comprensión delas diferencias individuales en la reactividad al estrés. Finalmente, se describenalgunos resultados y potenciales avances en la investigación de la psicobiologíadel trastorno de estrés postraumático en términos de los conceptos que han surgidodesde la investigación animal.

Papel de las mitocondrias y el estrés oxidativo en el proceso inflamatorio renal

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Walter Manucha

2014-06-01

Full Text Available La muerte celular programada y la fibrosis renal son procesos inherentes a la enfermedad renal crónica y, en tal sentido, ha sido recientemente descripta una clara desregulación de la maquinaria respiratoria mitocondrial en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica asociada con un aumento del estrés oxidativo. Las células tubulares lesionadas vinculadas a los macrófagos intersticiales y miofibroblastos producen citoquinas y factores de crecimiento que promueven un estado inflamatorio, inducen la apoptosis de las células tubulares y facilitan la acumulación de matriz extracelular. La angiotensina II desempeña un papel central en la fibrogénesis renal y conduce a una rápida progresión de la enfermedad renal crónica. Los niveles crecientes de la angiotensina II inducen citoquinas pro-inflamatorias, la activación de NF-kB, moléculas de adhesión, quimiocinas, factores de crecimiento y estrés oxidativo. Toda la evidencia actual sugiere que la angiotensina II aumenta el estrés oxidativo mitocondrial, regula la inducción de apoptosis y condiciona al estado inflamatorio. Por lo tanto, existiría un papel determinante de las mitocondrias y el estrés oxidativo en el proceso inflamatorio renal. Finalmente, esta revisión resume nuestro actual conocimiento acerca de los posibles mecanismos que contribuirían con la apoptosis modulada por la inflamación y/o el estrés oxidativo durante la enfermedad renal crónica. Además, se propone un nuevo concepto de herramientas anti-inflamatorias que regulan el estrés oxidativo mitocondrial lo cual afectaría directamente al proceso inflamatorio y la apoptosis. Esta idea podría tener consecuencias atractivas sobre el tratamiento de patologías inflamatorias renales y de otras afines.

Vulnerabilidad al estrés en pacientes con enfermedad ulcerosa péptica

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David Pérez Núñez

Full Text Available Introducción: el estrés es considerado una reacción o respuesta no específica del organismo o cualquier cambio engendrado en este por el impacto de acontecimientos importantes. Método: se realizó una investigación descriptiva, correlacional, de corte transversal y cuantitativa, con un diseño no experimental con el. Objetivo: de evaluar la vulnerabilidad al estrés en una muestra seleccionada de manera intencional de 70 sujetos, todos diagnosticados con enfermedad ulcerosa péptica, por endoscopias recientes (menos de seis meses, que asistieron a la consulta de Gastroenterología del Policlínico "Efraín Mayor" del municipio Cotorro, en el periodo de enero a marzo de 2013. Resultados: se encontró que el 85,7% de la muestra son no vulnerables al estrés, predominó el sexo femenino en el estudio, siendo el tabaco y el café los hábitos tóxicos más frecuentes en la población estudiada. La ansiedad como rasgo y como estado, predominaron a un nivel bajo y medio. Conclusiones: se recomendó repetir estudio similar en otra área de salud del municipio Cotorro y otros estudios con variables: Estilos de vida, afrontamientos y apoyo social, en su relación a la vulnerabilidad al estrés, además de realizar estrategia de intervención educativa en los pacientes estudiados.

Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor C increases growth and alters the metastatic pattern of orthotopic PC-3 prostate tumors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tuomela, Johanna; Valta, Maija; Seppänen, Jani; Tarkkonen, Kati; Väänänen, H Kalervo; Härkönen, Pirkko

2009-01-01

Prostate cancer metastasizes to regional lymph nodes and distant sites but the roles of lymphatic and hematogenous pathways in metastasis are not fully understood. We studied the roles of VEGF-C and VEGFR3 in prostate cancer metastasis by blocking VEGFR3 using intravenous adenovirus-delivered VEGFR3-Ig fusion protein (VEGFR3-Ig) and by ectopic expression of VEGF-C in PC-3 prostate tumors in nude mice. VEGFR3-Ig decreased the density of lymphatic capillaries in orthotopic PC-3 tumors (p < 0.05) and inhibited metastasis to iliac and sacral lymph nodes. In addition, tumor volumes were smaller in the VEGFR3-Ig-treated group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Transfection of PC-3 cells with the VEGF-C gene led to a high level of 29/31 kD VEGF-C expression in PC-3 cells. The size of orthotopic and subcutaneous PC-3/VEGF-C tumors was significantly greater than that of PC-3/mock tumors (both p < 0.001). Interestingly, while most orthotopic PC-3 and PC-3/mock tumors grown for 4 weeks metastasized to prostate-draining lymph nodes, orthotopic PC-3/VEGF-C tumors primarily metastasized to the lungs. PC-3/VEGF-C tumors showed highly angiogenic morphology with an increased density of blood capillaries compared with PC-3/mock tumors (p < 0.001). The data suggest that even though VEGF-C/VEGFR3 pathway is primarily required for lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis, an increased level of VEGF-C can also stimulate angiogenesis, which is associated with growth of orthotopic prostate tumors and a switch from a primary pattern of lymph node metastasis to an increased proportion of metastases at distant sites

A role for non-covalent SUMO interaction motifs in Pc2/CBX4 E3 activity.

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Jacqueline C Merrill

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Modification of proteins by the small ubiquitin like modifier (SUMO is an essential process in mammalian cells. SUMO is covalently attached to lysines in target proteins via an enzymatic cascade which consists of E1 and E2, SUMO activating and conjugating enzymes. There is also a variable requirement for non-enzymatic E3 adapter like proteins, which can increase the efficiency and specificity of the sumoylation process. In addition to covalent attachment of SUMO to target proteins, specific non-covalent SUMO interaction motifs (SIMs that are generally short hydrophobic peptide motifs have been identified.Intriguingly, consensus SIMs are present in most SUMO E3s, including the polycomb protein, Pc2/Cbx4. However, a role for SIMs in SUMO E3 activity remains to be shown. We show that Pc2 contains two functional SIMs, both of which contribute to full E3 activity in mammalian cells, and are also required for sumoylation of Pc2 itself. Pc2 forms distinct sub-nuclear foci, termed polycomb bodies, and can recruit partner proteins, such as the corepressor CtBP. We demonstrate that mutation of the SIMs in Pc2 prevents Pc2-dependent CtBP sumoylation, and decreases enrichment of SUMO1 and SUMO2 at polycomb foci. Furthermore, mutational analysis of both SUMO1 and SUMO2 reveals that the SIM-interacting residues of both SUMO isoforms are required for Pc2-mediated sumoylation and localization to polycomb foci.This work provides the first clear evidence for a role for SIMs in SUMO E3 activity.

Estrés, coping y autoeficacia en profesores de Madeira

OpenAIRE

Capelo, Maria Regina Teixeira Ferreira

2014-01-01

Este estudio investiga el grado de incidencia de estrés laboral (Lazarus y Folkman, 1984; Jesús, 2005) en una muestra de profesores en la Educación Básica e Secundaria, oficiales, de la isla de Madeira, mediante el estudio de las variables afrontamiento (Latack, 1986; Jesus & Pereira, 1994) y auto-eficacia (Bandura, 1997). Los encuestados fueron 765 docentes del 1º, 2º, 3º Ciclo de Educación Básica y Educación Secundaria. Para evaluar las variables de estudio, se utilizó el cuestionario sobre...

Spectral structure of Pc3–4 pulsations: possible signatures of cavity modes

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P. R. Sutcliffe

2013-04-01

Full Text Available In this study we investigate the spectral structure of Pc3–4 pulsations observed at low and midlatitudes. For this purpose, ground-based magnetometer data recorded at the MM100 stations in Europe and at two low latitude stations in South Africa were used. In addition, fluxgate magnetometer data from the CHAMP (CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload low Earth orbit satellite were used. The results of our analysis suggest that at least three mechanisms contribute to the spectral content of Pc3–4 pulsations typically observed at these latitudes. We confirm that a typical Pc3–4 pulsation contains a field line resonance (FLR contribution, with latitude dependent frequency, and an upstream wave (UW contribution, with frequency proportional to the IMF (interplanetary magnetic field magnitude BIMF. Besides the FLR and UW contributions, the Pc3–4 pulsations consistently contain signals at other frequencies that are independent of latitude and BIMF. We suggest that the most likely explanation for these additional frequency contributions is that they are fast mode resonances (FMRs related to cavity, waveguide, or virtual modes. Although the above contributions to the pulsation spectral structure have been reported previously, we believe that this is the first time where evidence is presented showing that they are all present simultaneously in both ground-based and satellite data.

ORPLOT.PC: a graphic utility for ORMGEN.PC and ORVIRT.PC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Inversini, C.; Bryson, J.W.

1986-06-01

ORPLOT.PC is an interactive graphic utility for ORMGEN.PC and ORVIRT.PC. It executes on an IBM PC/XT or PC/AT equipped with hard disk, graphic card, and 512K minimum memory. The program is capable of: (1) displaying finite-element meshes generated by ORMGEN.PC complete with node numbers, element numbers, and boundary conditions; and (2) generating deformed mesh plots, contour plots, line (X-Y) plots, and developed surface plots of ORVIRT.PC output. A zooming feature allows detailed inspection of any subregion. Because simplicity and ease of use were important objectives during program development, all commands are entered interactively using free format. The option of automatic or user-defined scaling for most plots is another convenience. Plot files may be created and written to hard disk for subsequent hardcopy to printer or plotter. 2 refs., 7 figs

VIDEO-PC, SVGA Routines for FORTRAN on PC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1994-01-01

1 - Description of program or function: These primitives are the lowest level routines needed to perform super VGA graphics on a PC. A sample main program is included that exercises the primitives. Both Lahey and Microsoft FORTRAN's have graphics libraries. However, the libraries do not support 256 color graphics at resolutions greater than 320x200. The primitives bypass these libraries while still conforming to standard usage of BIOS. The supported graphics modes depend upon the PC graphics card and its memory. Super VGA resolutions of 640x480 and 800x600 have been tested on an ATI VGA Wonder card with 512 K memory and on several 80486 PC's (unknown manufacturers) at retail stores. 2 - Method of solution: Both Lahey and Microsoft primitives depend upon sending the correct parameters to the PC BIOS (basic input output system) as discussed in the references. 3 - Restrictions on the complexity of the problem: The primitives were developed for 256 color VGA applications. It is known, for instance, that some CGA and 16 color VGA video modes will not operate correctly using these primitives. Potential users should try the test program on their PC/video card combination to determine applicability

1-Hydroxy-3-[(E)-4-(piperazine-diium)but-2-enyloxy]-9,10-anthraquinone ditrifluoroactate induced autophagic cell death in human PC3 cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, A-Mei; Lin, Kai-Wei; Lin, Wei-Hong; Wu, Li-Hung; Chang, Hao-Chun; Ni, Chujun; Wang, Danny Ling; Hsu, Hsue-Yin; Su, Chun-Li; Shih, Chiaho

2018-02-01

The autophagy of human prostate cancer cells (PC3 cells) induced by a new anthraquinone derivative, 1-Hydroxy-3-[(E)-4-(piperazine-diium)but-2-enyloxy]-9,10-anthraquinone ditrifluoroactate (PA) was investigated, and the relationship between autophagy and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was studied. The results indicated that PA induced PC3 cell death in a time- and dose-dependent manner, could inhibit PC3 cell growth by G1 phase cell cycle arrest and corresponding decrease in the G2/M cell population and induced S-phase arrest accompanied by a significant decrease G2/M and G1 phase numbers after PC3 cells treated with PA for 48 h, and increased the accumulation of autophagolysosomes and microtubule-associated protein LC3-ll, a marker of autophagy. However, these phenomenon were not observed in the group pretreated with the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA or Bafilomycin A1 (BAF), suggesting that PA induced PC3 cell autophagy. In addition, we found that PA triggered ROS generation in cells, while the levels of ROS decreased in the N-acetylcysteine (NAC) co-treatment, indicating that PA-mediated autophagy was partly blocked by NAC. In summary, the autophagic cell death of human PC3 cells mediated by PA-triggered ROS generation. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Two-step activation of meiosis by the mat1 locus in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Willer, M; Hoffmann, Ulla-Lisbeth; Styrkársdóttir, U

1995-01-01

of meiosis is based largely on indirect observations, and a more precise investigation of these events was required to define the interaction between the mat1 genes. Here we resolve this issue using synthetic pheromones and P/M strains with mutations in either mat1-Pc or mat1-Mc. Our results suggest a model...... in which the mat1 locus plays two roles in controlling meiosis. In the first instance, the mat1-Pc and mat1-Mc functions are required to produce the mating pheromones and receptors that allow the generation of a pheromone signal. This signal is required to induce the expression of mat1-Pm and mat1-Mm...

Map-Based Cloning of the Gene Associated With the Soybean Maturity Locus E3

Science.gov (United States)

Watanabe, Satoshi; Hideshima, Rumiko; Xia, Zhengjun; Tsubokura, Yasutaka; Sato, Shusei; Nakamoto, Yumi; Yamanaka, Naoki; Takahashi, Ryoji; Ishimoto, Masao; Anai, Toyoaki; Tabata, Satoshi; Harada, Kyuya

2009-01-01

Photosensitivity plays an essential role in the response of plants to their changing environments throughout their life cycle. In soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill], several associations between photosensitivity and maturity loci are known, but only limited information at the molecular level is available. The FT3 locus is one of the quantitative trait loci (QTL) for flowering time that corresponds to the maturity locus E3. To identify the gene responsible for this QTL, a map-based cloning strategy was undertaken. One phytochrome A gene (GmPhyA3) was considered a strong candidate for the FT3 locus. Allelism tests and gene sequence comparisons showed that alleles of Misuzudaizu (FT3/FT3; JP28856) and Harosoy (E3/E3; PI548573) were identical. The GmPhyA3 alleles of Moshidou Gong 503 (ft3/ft3; JP27603) and L62-667 (e3/e3; PI547716) showed weak or complete loss of function, respectively. High red/far-red (R/FR) long-day conditions enhanced the effects of the E3/FT3 alleles in various genetic backgrounds. Moreover, a mutant line harboring the nonfunctional GmPhyA3 flowered earlier than the original Bay (E3/E3; PI553043) under similar conditions. These results suggest that the variation in phytochrome A may contribute to the complex systems of soybean flowering response and geographic adaptation. PMID:19474204

Los polifenoles de la fresa disminuyen el estrés oxidativo en enfermedades crónicas.

Science.gov (United States)

Oviedo-Solís, Cecilia Isabel; Cornejo-Manzo, Sinthia; Murillo-Ortiz, Blanca Olivia; Guzmán-Barrón, Michelle Montserrat; Ramírez-Emiliano, Joel

El consumo de dietas hipercalóricas conlleva al aumento de ácidos grasos libres (AGL), citocinas proinflamatorias y producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno y de nitrógeno. Estas alteraciones inducen estrés oxidativo y nitrosativo que daña a los tejidos causando disfunción de los mismos y en consecuencia se pueden desarrollar enfermedades crónicas. Por lo tanto, es importante disminuir el estrés oxidativo y con ello prevenir el desarrollo de estas enfermedades. La fresa es un fruto rico en vitamina C y polifenoles, compuestos con excelentes propiedades antioxidantes, por lo que puede ser una opción para la disminución del estrés oxidativo y por lo tanto, para prevenir el desarrollo de algunas enfermedades. Los estudios realizados in vitro, en modelos animales y estudios clínicos sustentan que la fresa puede ser una buena alternativa para disminuir el estrés oxidativo y así atenuar y/o prevenir el desarrollo de enfermedades en el humano. Copyright: © 2018 SecretarÍa de Salud.

The PC graphics handbook

CERN Document Server

Sanchez, Julio

2003-01-01

Part I - Graphics Fundamentals PC GRAPHICS OVERVIEW History and Evolution Short History of PC Video PS/2 Video Systems SuperVGA Graphics Coprocessors and Accelerators Graphics Applications State-of-the-Art in PC Graphics 3D Application Programming Interfaces POLYGONAL MODELING Vector and Raster Data Coordinate Systems Modeling with Polygons IMAGE TRANSFORMATIONS Matrix-based Representations Matrix Arithmetic 3D Transformations PROGRAMMING MATRIX TRANSFORMATIONS Numeric Data in Matrix Form Array Processing PROJECTIONS AND RENDERING Perspective The Rendering Pipeline LIGHTING AND SHADING Lightin

Association of microsatellite polymorphisms of the GPDS1 locus with normal tension glaucoma in the Japanese population

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kayo Nakamura

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Kayo Nakamura1*, Masao Ota2*, Akira Meguro1, et al1Department of Ophthalmology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; 2Departmentof Legal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, JapanBackground: To investigate whether the GPDS1 locus, a potential causative locus of pigment-dispersion syndrome, is associated with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG in Japanese patients. Materials and methods: We used polymerase chain reaction amplification with sequencespecific primers to analyze 20 polymorphic microsatellite markers in and around the GPDS1 locus with an automated DNA analyzer and automated fragment detection by fluorescent-based technology. The DNA samples used for these analyses were obtained from ethnicity- and gendermatched patients, including 141 Japanese patients with NTG and 101 healthy controls. Patients exhibiting a comparatively early onset were selected as this suggests that genetic factors may show stronger involvement.Results: One allele of D7S2462 exhibited a frequency that was significantly decreased in NTG cases compared to controls (P = 0.0013, Pc = 0.019, OR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.30–0.75. Alleles at another six microsatellite loci were positively or negatively associated with NTG, but these associations did not retain statistical significance after Bonferroni correction (P < 0.05, Pc > 0.05.Conclusion: Our study showed a significant association between the GPDS1 locus and NTG, suggesting that there may be some genetic risk factor(s in the development of NTG.Keywords: microsatellite, normal tension glaucoma, glaucoma-related pigment dispersion syndrome, GPDS1, DPP6

Factores de riesgo y vulnerabilidad al estrés en estudiantes universitarios

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Apolinário Satchimo Namalyongo

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract In this research article, main risk factors and vulnerability to stress caused by attending a university, as a training and health place is studied. For this research a co-relational descriptive study with no experimental design of transactional type is applied to 48 students in their 1st and 3rd years of their Bachelor in Tourism from Universidad Central Marta Abreu in Las Villas (Cuba. A presentation of general risk variables in the samples studied –in both contexts– is made for the analysis of the results. These results make visualizing the main risk factors and vulnerability to stress in university students possible. These results reveal the interactions among these factors, which constitute a guide for the qualitative assessment of forecasting vulnerabilities to stress; a matter of great value to educational work. Resumen El presente artículo de investigación aborda el problema de los principales factores de riesgo y vulnerabilidad al estrés en estudiantes universitarios. Para ello, se realizó un estudio descriptivo correlacional con un diseño no experimental del tipo transaccional, que se aplicó a 48 estudiantes de primer y tercer año de la carrera de Licenciatura en Turismo de la Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas (Cuba. Para el análisis de los resultados, se elaboró una presentación de las variables generales de riesgo en la muestra. Los resultados permitieron visualizar los principales factores de riesgo y vulnerabilidad al estrés en los estudiantes universitarios investigados. Además, se revelan las interacciones que se potencian entre dichos factores, las cuales constituyen una guía para el pronóstico cualitativo de la evaluación de la vulnerabilidad al estrés, cuestión de gran valor para la labor educativa.

Estrés oxidativo y envejecimiento

OpenAIRE

Rodríguez Capote, Karina; Céspedes Miranda, Ela

1999-01-01

Se ha reportado un incremento del estrés oxidativo durante el envejecimiento y en las enfermedades asociadas a éste. Aunque no se conocen los mecanismos moleculares que condicionan el fenómeno del envejecimiento, se han formulado numerosas hipótesis al respecto. En el presente artículo se abordan aspectos bioquímicos relacionados con los radicales libres y el metabolismo oxidativo de las células como causa posible de senectud. An increased oxidative stress has been reported during aging an...

Ghrelin inhibits proliferation and increases T-type Ca2+ channel expression in PC-3 human prostate carcinoma cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Diaz-Lezama, Nundehui; Hernandez-Elvira, Mariana; Sandoval, Alejandro; Monroy, Alma; Felix, Ricardo; Monjaraz, Eduardo

2010-01-01

Research highlights: → Ghrelin decreases prostate carcinoma PC-3 cells proliferation. → Ghrelin favors apoptosis in PC-3 cells. → Ghrelin increase in intracellular free Ca 2+ levels in PC-3 cells. → Grelin up-regulates expression of T-type Ca 2+ channels in PC-3 cells. → PC-3 cells express T-channels of the Ca V 3.1 and Ca V 3.2 subtype. -- Abstract: Ghrelin is a multifunctional peptide hormone with roles in growth hormone release, food intake and cell proliferation. With ghrelin now recognized as important in neoplastic processes, the aim of this report is to present findings from a series of in vitro studies evaluating the cellular mechanisms involved in ghrelin regulation of proliferation in the PC-3 human prostate carcinoma cells. The results showed that ghrelin significantly decreased proliferation and induced apoptosis. Consistent with a role in apoptosis, an increase in intracellular free Ca 2+ levels was observed in the ghrelin-treated cells, which was accompanied by up-regulated expression of T-type voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels. Interestingly, T-channel antagonists were able to prevent the effects of ghrelin on cell proliferation. These results suggest that ghrelin inhibits proliferation and may promote apoptosis by regulating T-type Ca 2+ channel expression.

Percepción del estrés competitivo y cultura en futbolistas profesionales de Brasil y Portugal

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M. Regina F. Brand\\u00E3o

2006-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar jugadores de fútbol con diferentes perspectivas culturales y similar nivel de experiencia, en la percepción del estrés. Fueron evaluados 18 jugadores Brasileños de la Selección Nacional Brasileña, y 20 jugadores Portugueses de la Selección Nacional Portuguesa, con una media de edad de 26,69 + 4,1 y 26,05 + 2,3 años respectivamente, mediante el Inventario de Estrés en Fútbol. Aparece una tendencia resulta muy marcada, los ítems que son evaluados como positivos por los dos grupos, los Brasileños tienden a evaluarlos significativamente más positivos que los Portugueses y en los evaluados como negativos por las dos nacionalidades, los Brasileños tienden a evaluarlos como más negativos. Quizás más interesante aún resulta la gran cantidad de ítems que son evaluados como influyentes en tendencias totalmente inversas, lo que los Brasileños consideran negativo es considerado por los Portugueses como positivo o neutro. Muy probablemente la variable cultural puede explicar la variabilidad de percepción del estrés.

Liver X receptor activation inhibits PC-3 prostate cancer cells via the beta-catenin pathway.

Science.gov (United States)

Youlin, Kuang; Li, Zhang; Weiyang, He; Jian, Kang; Siming, Liang; Xin, Gou

2017-03-01

Liver X receptors (LXRs) are nuclear receptors family of ligand-dependent transcription factors that play a crucial role in regulating cholesterol metabolism and inflammation. Recent studies show that LXR agonists exhibit anti-cancer activities in a variety of cancer cell lines including prostate. To further identify the potential mechanisms of LXRα activation on prostate cancer, we investigated the effect of LXR agonist T0901317 on PC3 prostate cancer cell and in which activity of beta-catenin pathway involved. Prostate cancer PC3 cells were transfected with LXR-a siRNA and treated with LXR activator T0901317. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to detect the LXR-a expression. beta-catenin, cyclin D1 and c-MYC were analyzed by western blot. Cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry and Cell proliferation was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Cell migration was detected by Transwell chambers. Data showed that T0901317 significantly inhibited PC3 cell proliferation as well as invasion and increased apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, we found that LXRα activation induced the reduction of beta-catenin expression in PC3 cells, and this inhibitory effect could be totally abolished when cells were treated with LXRα. Meanwhile, the expression of beta-catenin target gene cyclin D1 and c-MYC were also decreased. This study provided additional evidence that LXR activation inhibited PC-3 prostate cancer cells via suppressing beta-catenin pathway. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

El estreñimiento infantil, una visión desde la farmacia comunitaria

OpenAIRE

Pérez Benajas MA; Vázquez Medem M; Honrrubia Saez JJ; Álvarez Sánchez E; Valle Carceren E

2010-01-01

El estreñimiento en los niños es una de las consultas frecuentes en la farmacia comunitaria. Las precauciones básicas en la alimentación del lactante y el conocimiento de las pautas apropiadas en la introducción de nuevos alimentos se relacionan con la maduración progresiva de los sistemas digestivo y metabólico. El estreñimiento infantil se acompaña de una serie de síntomas cuya trascendencia es necesario reconocer y valorar con el fin de recomendar la consulta al médico o realizar la indica...

Estrés Laboral y el Síndrome de Burnout en Docentes Venezolanos

OpenAIRE

Oramas Viera, Arlene; Almirall Hernandez, Pedro; Fernández, Ivis

2007-01-01

La finalidad de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia del estrés laboral percibido por docentes, la afectación por el síndrome de Burnout y la presencia de síntomas de estrés, en esta población, así como las asociaciones existentes entre estas variables. Se realizó un estudio transversal con 885 maestros venezolanos de 53 centros escolares, de los niveles de enseñanza básica y diversificada, de los Estados de Lara, Mérida y Falcón. Fue utilizado el Cuestionario de Burnout de Maslach para...

EFECTOS A CORTO Y LARGO PLAZO DEL ESTRES CRONICO SOBRE LA ANSIEDAD, EL MIEDO, Y L APLASTICIDAD SINAPTICA EN LA CORTEZA PREFRONTAL

OpenAIRE

NEGRON OYARZO, SERGIO IGNACIO

2012-01-01

El estrés crónico aumenta la ansiedad y disminuye el recuerdo de la extinción del miedo. En la presente tesis doctoral evaluamos en ratas Sprague-Dawley el efecto a corto y a largo plazo del estrés por restricción de movimiento sobre la ansiedad y el recuerdo de la extinción del miedo condicionado. Encontramos. que el estrés crónico produjo un aumento de la ansiedad y una disminución del recuerdo de la extinción. Tres semanas después del término del estrés, la ansiedad de los animales s...

Evaluación del estres oxidativo en pacientes con malaria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Margarita Zuleta

2000-02-01

Full Text Available

El estrés oxidativo se define como un imbalance entre la generación de especies reactivas del oxígeno y la cantidad de enzimas y compuestos antioxidantes.

En malaria, el estrés oxidativo se presenta con la generación aumentada de especies reactivas del oxígeno como anión superóxido, peróxido de hidrógeno, radical hidroxilo y peroxinitrito; éstas son producidas por el sistema inmune del hospedero con el objetivo de controlar la parasitemia y directamente por el parásito intraeritrocítico, cuando en la vacuola digestiva transforman la hemoglobina en metahemoglobina. La producción de especies reactivas del oxígeno en malaria se ha demostrado por la peroxidación lipídica en eritrocitos infectados con plasmodium durante la fase aguda de la infección, determinada por métodos indirectos como el incremento en los niveles del ácido tiobarbitúrico en eritrocitos infectados o por el incremento en los niveles de malondialdehido en pacientes con malaria cerebral y por la disminución en la cadena de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados en los eritrocitos infectados.

El estrés oxidativo en malaria también se presenta con la disminución de enzimas y sustancias antioxidantes como la albúmina, el tocoferol plasmático, los niveles de enzimas como catalasa, glutatión peroxidasa y superóxido dismutasa en pacientes con malaria tanto causado por P. vivax como por P. falciparum. El estrés oxidativo en malaria se ha asociado con complicaciones como la malaria cerebral, porque las especies reactivas del oxígeno están involucradas en el daño del endotelio vascular del hospedero y con altas parasitemias en pacientes infectados con P. falciparum.

Las emociones y el estrés en personas con enfermedad coronaria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Natalia Tobo-Medina

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Estudios han identificado que comportamientos, emociones y estrés están asociados con la enfermedad de arterias coronarias (EAC. Existe soporte a la hipótesis de que una zona de la corteza cerebral, ligada con las emociones, se activa ante condiciones estresantes y genera respuestas como hipertensión e infarto. Los aspectos que preceden o generan estrés y comportamientos de riesgo para EAC no son abordados en la atención en salud, y su estudio se ha centrado en la ansiedad o la depresión. La pregunta fue: ¿cuáles son los estados afectivos y emociones más frecuentes y predominantes que subyacen a la experiencia del estrés en las personas con EAC, y su diferencia según algunas características socio-demográficas? Métodos: estudio transversal correlacional, participaron 65 personas con EAC. Se empleó un cuestionario sobre 38 estados afectivos y emocionales para identificar las emociones características según frecuencia, predominio y fuerza de aparición. Resultados: se identificaron 12 características predominantes, de las cuales 10 los define afectivamente: hipersensibilidad, impaciencia, infalibilidad, miedo, excesiva preocupación por otros, autorrepresión emocional, rigidez moral, deseo de ser ejemplo para otros, sobreprotección, soledad y aislamiento. Estas se correlacionaron significativamente con la culpa, el sentimiento de infelicidad, la desolación, la angustia extrema y la desesperanza. Discusión: la excesiva importancia a la razón, al reconocimiento por otros, en detrimento de expresión de emociones y necesidades afectivas, señala conflictos internos persistentes, deficiente autocuidado y estrés emocional. Se sugiere investigar aspectos emocionales para prevención temprana y rehabilitación.

Estrés agudo en niños intervenidos quirúrgcamente y sintomatología en sus progenitores

OpenAIRE

Fuster Navarro, Desamparados

2013-01-01

La intervención quirúrgica (IQ) en la infancia representa un estrés potencial para el niño y sus familiares. La ansiedad es una de las reacciones más frecuentes. Respecto al estrés, existe una transmisión de emociones entre los progenitores y el niño IQ (intervenido quirúrgicamente). Es difícil separar los efectos de la hospitalización y sus consecuencias de las experiencias traumáticas de los niños IQ y su familia por lo que el estrés se ha investigado en relación al desarrollo psicosocial ...

Data of evolutionary structure change: 1ONAD-2D3PC [Confc[Archive

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 1ONAD-2D3PC 1ONA 2D3P D C ADTIVAVELDTYPNTDIGDPSYPHIGIDIKSVRSKKTAK...WNMQNGKVGTAHIIYNSVDKRLSAVVSYPNADSATVSYDVDLDNVLPEWVRVGLSASTGLYKETNTILSWSFTSKLKT------NALHFMFNQFSKDQKDLILQGDAT...14> 1ONA D 1ONAD

Excitons dynamics of 1-chloronaphthalene added P3HT:PC{sub 61}BM solar cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fan, Xing [Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100044 (China); Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044 (China); Zhao, Suling, E-mail: slzhao@bjtu.edu.cn [Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100044 (China); Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044 (China); Huang, Qingyu; Yang, Qianqian; Gong, Wei; Xu, Zheng [Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Beijing Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100044 (China); Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044 (China)

2014-08-01

The charge photogeneration and recombination are comprehensively investigated in blend films based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as an electron donor and [6,6]-phenyl-C 61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC{sub 61}BM) as an electron accepter. Transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) together with absorption, photoluminescence (PL) are used respectively to measure optical properties of these blend films. In this paper, we demonstrate that solvent additive 1-chloronaphthalene (CN) has a unique influence on improving the performance of P3HT:PC{sub 61}BM heterojunction solar cell. It is observed that the absorption of additive-added blends has a higher intensity and is red-shifted than that of the P3HT:PC{sub 61}BM blend. The PL intensity increases which suggest that the conjugation length increases or the domain size of P3HT increases. Large domains with serious phase separation influence the interface area between P3HT and PC{sub 61}BM. Excitons are generated in both the P3HT phase and the PC{sub 61}BM phase. In all the film blends with or without additive, strongly bound interfacial CT states are formed by a large fraction of the excitons indicating geminate recombination may occur. It is demonstrated that in the blend with CN added the enhanced fraction of CT states comes from the more crystalline P3HT phases and the slower CT states and mobile charges decay indicates reduced recombination losses from early time recombination. - Highlights: • 1-chloronaphthalene(CN) can enhance the efficiency of P3HT:PCBM Solar Cells from charge photogeneration and recombination. • The enhanced fraction of CT states with CN added comes from the more crystalline P3HT phases and the slower CT states. • Mobile charges decay of blend with CN added indicates reduced recombination losses from early time recombination.

Detect-PC Software Version 3.0

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Arista Romeu, E. J.

2011-01-01

The 'Thyroid uptake system Detect-PC' developed and manufactured at CEADEN is object of follow-up by its manufacturer in order to fulfill the established national requirements to medical equipment. Taking into account observations from the users of the system, several modifications were implemented that resulted in a new software version, the 3.0.0. These modifications were mainly introduced to easy carrying out the energetic calibration of the system. In this new version all the working modes of the system were thoroughly tested and a Medic Physics was trained in the use of the application software. Acceptance tests were carried out in a thyroid uptake system installed in the Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital, where this version of the software remained installed and in operation. (Author)

[Effect of sodium phenylbutyrate on the sensitivity of PC3/DTX-resistant prostate cancer cells to docetaxel].

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Ya-Wen; Zheng, Shao-Bo; Chen, Bin-Sheng; Wen, Yong; Zhu, Shan-Wen

To investigate the effect of sodium phenylbutyrate (SPB) in modulating docetaxel resistance in human prostate cancer cells in vitro. A PC3/docetaxel-resistant human prostate cancer cell line PC3/DTX was induced and examined for proliferation, viability, and cell inhibition rate in the presence of SPB. The concentration of concentration of docetaxel required to kill 50% of PC3/DTX cells incubated with 0, 1, 2, and 4 mmol/L SPB was determined using MTT assay. Cell apoptosis rate was analyzed with flow cytometry and the cellular expressions of p21, cyclin D1 and survivin proteins were detected using Western blotting. Treatment of PC3/DTX cells with 0, 1, 2, and 4 mmol/L of SPB for 48 h resulted in cell viabilities of (99.85∓2.69)%, (84.68∓3.87)%, (68.65∓4.54)% and (43.54∓5.69)%, and cell inhibition rates of (10.69∓3.65)%, (25.78∓4.58)%, (54.68∓3.98)% and (69.84∓6.54)%, respectively (P<0.05). The concentration of docetaxel required to kill 50% of PC3/DTX cells cultured in the presence of with 0, 1, 2, and 4 mmol/L SPB was 135.98∓2.69, 109.65∓3.87, 87.65∓3.84 and 64.62∓2.98 nmol/L, respectively (P<0.05), and the cell apoptosis rates were (7.2∓0.8)%, (10.2∓0.9)%, (19.8∓2.1)% and (27.4∓2.5)%, respectively. SPB treatment promoted the protein expression of p21 and suppressed the expressions of cyclin D1 and survivin in PC3/DTX cells. SPB can affect the expressions of p21, cyclin D1, and survivin in PC3/DTX cells and increase the sensitivity to the drug-resistant cells to docetaxel.

Papel del estrés en la intensidad de los síntomas SII

OpenAIRE

Pletikosic, Sanda; Tkalčić, Mladenka

2016-01-01

Síndrome del intestino irritable se considera un trastorno biopsicosocial, el resultado de la combinación compleja de factores predisponentes, precipitantes y perpetuos. Rasgos de personalidad, estado afectivo y estrés son algunos de los factores relevantes que contribuyen a la calidad de vida más baja y la exacerbación sintomática de los pacientes con SII. Para examinar el papel del estrés en la exacerbación sintomática de SII, el objetivo de este estudio era explorar la relación entre los a...

Relación entre memoria de trabajo, estrés percibido y conciencia plena

OpenAIRE

Grande-Vega, María Isabel

2014-01-01

El presente estudio se centra en analizar las variables relevantes que pueden influir en el aprendizaje académico. En concreto, el objetivo de la presente investigación es conocer la relación existente entre la memoria de trabajo, el estrés y la conciencia plena. Para la valoración de las variables de estudio se utilizó la Prueba de Amplitud lectora (PAL), la Escala de Estrés Percibido (PSS) y la Escala Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) en una muestra de 37 estudiantes universitari...

In vitro synergistic efficacy of conjugated linoleic acid, oleic acid, safflower oil and taxol cytotoxicity on PC3 cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Kızılşahin, Sadi; Nalbantsoy, Ayşe; Yavaşoğlu, N Ülkü Karabay

2015-01-01

The aim of this study was to determine in vitro synergistic efficacy of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), oleic acid (OLA), safflower oil and taxol (Tax) cytotoxicity on human prostate cancer (PC3) cell line. To determine synergistic efficacy of oil combinations, PC3 treated with different doses of compounds alone and combined with 10 μg/mL Tax. The MTT results indicated that OLA-Tax combinations exhibited cytotoxicity against PC3 at doses of 30 nM+10 μg-Tax, 15 nM+5 μg-Tax and 7.5 nM+2.5 μg-Tax. The treatment of OLA or Tax did not show significant inhibition on PC3, while OLA-Tax combinations showed effective cytotoxicity at treated doses. CLA-Tax combinations demonstrated the same effect on PC3 as combined form with 45.72% versus the alone form as 74.51% viability. Cytotoxic synergy between Tax, OLA and CLA shows enhanced cytotoxicity on PC3 which might be used in the therapy of prostate cancer.

Silibinin inhibits fibronectin induced motility, invasiveness and survival in human prostate carcinoma PC3 cells via targeting integrin signaling

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Deep, Gagan; Kumar, Rahul; Jain, Anil K.; Agarwal, Chapla; Agarwal, Rajesh

2014-01-01

Highlights: • Silibinin inhibits fibronectin-induce motile morphology in PC3 cells. • Silibinin inhibits fibronectin-induced migration and invasion in PC3 cells. • Silibinin targets fibronectin-induced integrins and downstream signaling molecule. - Abstract: Prostate cancer (PCA) is the 2nd leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men in the United States. Preventing or inhibiting metastasis-related events through non-toxic agents could be a useful approach for lowering high mortality among PCA patients. We have earlier reported that natural flavonoid silibinin possesses strong anti-metastatic efficacy against PCA however, mechanism/s of its action still remains largely unknown. One of the major events during metastasis is the replacement of cell–cell interaction with integrins-based cell–matrix interaction that controls motility, invasiveness and survival of cancer cells. Accordingly, here we examined silibinin effect on advanced human PCA PC3 cells’ interaction with extracellular matrix component fibronectin. Silibinin (50–200 μM) treatment significantly decreased the fibronectin (5 μg/ml)-induced motile morphology via targeting actin cytoskeleton organization in PC3 cells. Silibinin also decreased the fibronectin-induced cell proliferation and motility but significantly increased cell death in PC3 cells. Silibinin also inhibited the PC3 cells invasiveness in Transwell invasion assays with fibronectin or cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) serving as chemoattractant. Importantly, PC3-luc cells cultured on fibronectin showed rapid dissemination and localized in lungs following tail vein injection in athymic male nude mice; however, in silibinin-treated PC3-luc cells, dissemination and lung localization was largely compromised. Molecular analyses revealed that silibinin treatment modulated the fibronectin-induced expression of integrins (α5, αV, β1 and β3), actin-remodeling (FAK, Src, GTPases, ARP2 and cortactin), apoptosis (cPARP and

Silibinin inhibits fibronectin induced motility, invasiveness and survival in human prostate carcinoma PC3 cells via targeting integrin signaling

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Deep, Gagan [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (United States); University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (United States); Kumar, Rahul; Jain, Anil K. [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (United States); Agarwal, Chapla [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (United States); University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (United States); Agarwal, Rajesh, E-mail: Rajesh.agarwal@ucdenver.edu [Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (United States); University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO (United States)

2014-10-15

Highlights: • Silibinin inhibits fibronectin-induce motile morphology in PC3 cells. • Silibinin inhibits fibronectin-induced migration and invasion in PC3 cells. • Silibinin targets fibronectin-induced integrins and downstream signaling molecule. - Abstract: Prostate cancer (PCA) is the 2nd leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men in the United States. Preventing or inhibiting metastasis-related events through non-toxic agents could be a useful approach for lowering high mortality among PCA patients. We have earlier reported that natural flavonoid silibinin possesses strong anti-metastatic efficacy against PCA however, mechanism/s of its action still remains largely unknown. One of the major events during metastasis is the replacement of cell–cell interaction with integrins-based cell–matrix interaction that controls motility, invasiveness and survival of cancer cells. Accordingly, here we examined silibinin effect on advanced human PCA PC3 cells’ interaction with extracellular matrix component fibronectin. Silibinin (50–200 μM) treatment significantly decreased the fibronectin (5 μg/ml)-induced motile morphology via targeting actin cytoskeleton organization in PC3 cells. Silibinin also decreased the fibronectin-induced cell proliferation and motility but significantly increased cell death in PC3 cells. Silibinin also inhibited the PC3 cells invasiveness in Transwell invasion assays with fibronectin or cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) serving as chemoattractant. Importantly, PC3-luc cells cultured on fibronectin showed rapid dissemination and localized in lungs following tail vein injection in athymic male nude mice; however, in silibinin-treated PC3-luc cells, dissemination and lung localization was largely compromised. Molecular analyses revealed that silibinin treatment modulated the fibronectin-induced expression of integrins (α5, αV, β1 and β3), actin-remodeling (FAK, Src, GTPases, ARP2 and cortactin), apoptosis (cPARP and

Luminescence of (Ca,Sr)3(VO4)2: Pr3+, Eu3+ phosphor for use in CuPc-based solar cells and white light-emitting diodes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lin, Han-Yu; Chang, Wei-Fu; Chu, Sheng-Yuan

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study is to enhance the red emission intensity and expand the blue excitation band of a (Ca,Sr) 2.82 (VO 4 ) 2 :0.12Eu 3+ phosphor for use in copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)-based solar cells and white light-emitting diodes. It was found that substitution of 3% Sr 2+ replacing Ca 2+ enhanced red emission intensity of Ca 2.82 (VO 4 ) 2 :0.12Eu 3+ by 14% under 465-nm by excitation. The Pr 3+ co-doping effect was realized when blue excitation intensity of (Ca 0.97 Sr 0.03 ) 2.82 (VO 4 ) 2 :0.12Eu 3+ , located in the weakest absorption of CuPc, was improved by 126% with the addition of 0.6 mol% Pr 3+ . The absorption spectrum of CuPc/optimized (Ca 0.9668 Sr 0.03 ) 2.82 (VO 4 ) 2 :0.006Pr 3+ , 0.12Eu 3+ mixtures provided evidence that the (Ca 0.9668 Sr 0.03 ) 2.82 (VO 4 ) 2 :0.006Pr 3+ , 0.12Eu 3+ phosphor could increase the efficiency of incident photons on CuPc-based solar cells. Moreover, the good temperature stability of emission intensity and chromaticity of (Ca 0.9668 Sr 0.03 ) 2.82 (VO 4 ) 2 :0.006Pr 3+ , 0.12Eu 3+ indicated a potential for this phosphor to be applied on the white light-emitting diodes. - Highlights: ► Substitution of 3% Sr 2+ replacing Ca 2+ enhanced red emission intensity of Ca 2.82 (VO 4 ) 2 :0.12Eu 3+ by 14% under 465 nm by excitation. ► Addition of 0.6 mol% Pr 3+ enhanced blue excitation intensity of (Ca 0.97 Sr 0.03 ) 2.82 (VO 4 ) 2 :0.12Eu 3+ , located in the weakest absorption of CuPc, by 126%. ► According to absorption measurements of CuPc/optimized (Ca 0.9668 Sr 0.03 ) 2.82 (VO 4 ) 2 :0.006Pr 3+ , 0.12Eu 3+ mixtures for the first time, the feasibility of our phosphor to assist CuPc in converting blue-wavelength photons was proved. ► High temperature stability of emission intensity and chromaticity of (Ca 0.9668 Sr 0.03 ) 2.82 (VO 4 ) 2 :0.006Pr 3+ , 0.12Eu 3+ indicated our phosphor is acceptable for WLED applications.

Calidad de vida en pacientes con diferentes subtipos de estreñimiento de acuerdo a los criterios de ROMA III

OpenAIRE

M.C. Ruiz-López; E. Coss-Adame

2015-01-01

Antecedentes: El estreñimiento funcional y el síndrome de intestino irritable con estreñimiento son altamente prevalentes y generan alteración en la calidad de vida de quienes los padecen. Objetivos: Evaluar la calidad de vida en pacientes con estreñimiento funcional y síndrome de intestino irritable, de acuerdo a los criterios de ROMA III, utilizando cuestionarios: PAC-QOL y SF-36. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal tipo encuesta autoadministrado. Se aplicó PAC-QOL, SF-36 y cues...

Factores responsables de la pérdida de los efectos beneficiosos de los estrógenos en el sistema cardiovascular

OpenAIRE

Novensà Casas, Laura

2011-01-01

Antecedentes: Estudios experimentales y observacionales sugieren que los estrógenos y los moduladores selectivos de los ERs (SERMs), como el raloxifeno, juegan un papel clave en la protección vascular femenina. Por otro lado, estudios clínicos importantes sobre el tratamiento con estrógenos y raloxifeno en mujeres posmenopáusicas, incluyendo los ensayos recientes WHI y RUTH han demostrado que el uso de estrógenos para la prevención de las ECV no tiene ningún beneficio aparente y en algunos ca...

Fenología y crecimiento en dos especies de gramínea : efectos del estrés hídrico

OpenAIRE

Busso, C. A.; Richards, James H.

1989-01-01

p.127-138 Se estudió el efecto del estrés hidrico en la fenología y el crecimiento de dos especies de gramínea perennes, Agropyron desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult. y Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) A. Lóve spp. spicata (Sinónim:A. spicatum (Pursh.) Scribn. y Smith). Las plantas fueron o no cortadas bajo condiciones de estrés hidrico, naturales o de riego en el campo en 1984-1986. La proporción de macollas que produjo inflorescencias fue consistentemente mayor bajo condiciones de estrés ...

Prevalencia de estrés en estudiantes de medicina de una universidad privada de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia

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María de los Ángeles Rodríguez Gázquez

2013-08-01

Full Text Available El estrés tiene lugar cuando un estímulo incrementa la activación de un organismo más rápidamente que su capacidad de adaptación para atenuarla. Objetivo. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de estrés en estudiantes de medicina de una Universidad Privada de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. Metodología. Estudio cross sectional realizado en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia. La población estuvo conformada por estudiantes de medicina que voluntariamente desearon participar. Se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas y relacionadas con estrés. El análisis se realizó con el programa SPSS vr 17.0; a las variables de razón se les estimó la media con desviación estándar y valores mínimo y máximo. Las cualitativas se expresaron en frecuencias y porcentajes. Para determinar la asociación entre la variable dependiente e independientes, se aplicó c2 y se asumió significancia estadística si el valor de la probabilidad era menor de 0.05. Resultados. Participaron 453 estudiantes con edad promedio de 20.6±2.5 años, el 73.1% fueron mujeres, el 93.6% solteros, el 58.3% de los estudiantes se encuentran en los tres primeros años de formación. El nivel de estrés fue medio en un 95.4% y en el 4.6% restante leve. Conclusiones. Todos los estudiantes de medicina evaluados presentaron algún nivel de estrés. Es necesario incorporar medidas que ayuden a disminuir este problema en la población de estudio

Afrontamiento al estrés y modelo psicobiológico de la personalidad en estudiantes universitarios

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Juan C. Espinosa

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El propósito de este estudio fue observar la relación entre las dimensiones de personalidad propuestas por el Modelo de Temperamento/Carácter y las dimensiones del Afrontamiento al Estrés en una muestra aleatoria estratificada de 150 de estudiantes universitarios. Los resultados indican que los participantes tienden a usar estrategias activas para afrontar el estrés; asimismo, se confirman los supuestos biológicos y culturales del Modelo de Personalidad y se evidencia que el afrontamiento al estrés guarda estrecha relación con las características de personalidad, en especial con dos dimensiones del Carácter (Autodirectividad y Autotrascendencia y poca relación con las dimensiones del temperamento en especial con evitación del daño y persistencia. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados.

Sensorineural hearing loss and Mondini dysplasia caused by a deletion at locus DFN3.

Science.gov (United States)

Arellano, B; Ramírez Camacho, R; García Berrocal, J R; Villamar, M; del Castillo, I; Moreno, F

2000-09-01

To study a family with inner ear malformations and sensorineural hearing loss. Clinical, radiological, and genetic study of the members of a family with different degrees of sensorineural hearing loss. The males in the family manifested profound congenital hearing loss with severe inner ear malformations, while the only affected female had progressive hearing loss that had begun during puberty. Computed tomography showed inner ear malformations in both males, with enlarged internal auditory meatus and Mondini dysplasia. Genetic analysis disclosed a microdeletion at the locus DFN3 on chromosome X. A familial Mondini dysplasia is associated to a microdeletion at the deafness locus DFN3.

Physical mapping of Bph3, a brown planthopper resistance locus in rice

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Jirapong Jairin

2007-09-01

Full Text Available Resistance to brown planthopper (BPH, a destructive phloem feeding insect pest, is an important objective in rice breeding programs in Thailand. The broad-spectrum resistance gene Bph3 is one of the major BPH resistance genes identified so far in cultivated rice and has been widely used in rice improvement programs. This resistance gene has been identified and mapped on the short arm of chromosome 6. In this study, physical mapping of Bph3 was performed using a BC3F3 population derived from a cross between Rathu Heenati and KDML105. Recombinant BC3F3 individuals with the Bph3 genotype were determined by phenotypic evaluation using modified mass tiller screening at the vegetative stage of rice plants. The recombination events surrounding the Bph3 locus were used to identify the co-segregate markers. According to the genome sequence of Nipponbare, the Bph3 locus was finally localized approximately in a 190 kb interval flanked by markers RM19291 and RM8072, which contain twenty-two putative genes. Additional phenotypic experiment revealed that the resistance in Rathu Heenati was decreased by increasing nitrogen content in rice plants through remobilization of nitrogen. This phenomenon should be helpful for identifying the Bph3 gene.

Ghrelin inhibits proliferation and increases T-type Ca{sup 2+} channel expression in PC-3 human prostate carcinoma cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Diaz-Lezama, Nundehui; Hernandez-Elvira, Mariana [Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Physiology, Autonomous University of Puebla (BUAP), Puebla (Mexico); Sandoval, Alejandro [School of Medicine FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Tlalnepantla (Mexico); Monroy, Alma; Felix, Ricardo [Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (Cinvestav-IPN), Mexico City (Mexico); Monjaraz, Eduardo, E-mail: emguzman@siu.buap.mx [Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Physiology, Autonomous University of Puebla (BUAP), Puebla (Mexico)

2010-12-03

Research highlights: {yields} Ghrelin decreases prostate carcinoma PC-3 cells proliferation. {yields} Ghrelin favors apoptosis in PC-3 cells. {yields} Ghrelin increase in intracellular free Ca{sup 2+} levels in PC-3 cells. {yields} Grelin up-regulates expression of T-type Ca{sup 2+} channels in PC-3 cells. {yields} PC-3 cells express T-channels of the Ca{sub V}3.1 and Ca{sub V}3.2 subtype. -- Abstract: Ghrelin is a multifunctional peptide hormone with roles in growth hormone release, food intake and cell proliferation. With ghrelin now recognized as important in neoplastic processes, the aim of this report is to present findings from a series of in vitro studies evaluating the cellular mechanisms involved in ghrelin regulation of proliferation in the PC-3 human prostate carcinoma cells. The results showed that ghrelin significantly decreased proliferation and induced apoptosis. Consistent with a role in apoptosis, an increase in intracellular free Ca{sup 2+} levels was observed in the ghrelin-treated cells, which was accompanied by up-regulated expression of T-type voltage-gated Ca{sup 2+} channels. Interestingly, T-channel antagonists were able to prevent the effects of ghrelin on cell proliferation. These results suggest that ghrelin inhibits proliferation and may promote apoptosis by regulating T-type Ca{sup 2+} channel expression.

Relaciones entre variables de personalidad y manifestaciones del estrés laboral: un estudio exploratorio

OpenAIRE

Herrero García, Alicia

2012-01-01

El presente trabajo explora la forma de interactuar de algunas manifestaciones de estrés laboral y diferentes características de la personalidad. Se pretende analizar la relevancia de las variables de personalidad y los efectos que éstas pueden tener sobre los trastornos derivados del estrés laboral, es decir, el papel de la personalidad como moderadora de dichos trastornos. Para realizar el estudio se entregó una batería de cuestionarios a 50 sujetos participantes. El estudio cuenta con una ...

Effect of oridonin-mediated hallmark changes on inflammatory pathways in human pancreatic cancer (BxPC-3) cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Ru-Yi; Xu, Bin; Chen, Su-Feng; Chen, Si-Si; Zhang, Ting; Ren, Jun; Xu, Jian

2014-10-28

To investigate the effect of oridonin on nuclear transcription factors and to study the relationship between biological behavior and inflammatory factors in human pancreatic cancer (BxPC-3) cells. BxPC-3 cells were treated with various concentrations of oridonin, and viability curves were generated to test for inhibitory effects of the drug on cells. The expression of cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, or IL-33 was detected in BxPC-3 cell supernatants using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the protein expression of nuclear transcription factors including nuclear factor κB, activating protein-1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, bone morphogenetic protein 2, transforming growth factor β1 and sma and mad homologues in BxPC-3 cells was detected using Western blot. Carcinoma hallmark-related proteins such as survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor, and matrix metallopeptidase 2 were also detected using immunoblotting, and intra-nuclear IL-33 expression was detected using immunofluorescent staining. Treatment with oridonin reduced the viability of BxPC-3 cells in a dose dependent manner. The cells exhibited reduced growth following treatment with 8 μg/mL oridonin (13.05% ± 3.21%, P hallmarks and regulated the expression of various nuclear transcription factors. The results obtained suggest that oridonin alters the hallmarks of pancreatic cancer cells through the regulation of nuclear transcription factors.

Compuestos nitrogenados indicadores de estrés en respuesta a las dosis tóxicas y deficientes de Nitrógeno en frijol ejotero

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Esteban Sánchez

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Un amplio rango de estreses ambientales, tales como baja temperatura, sequía, alcalinidad, salinidad, deficiencia y toxicidad de nutrientes son potencialmente dañinos para las plantas. El papel del nitrógeno como nutriente esencial y componente estructural de aminoácidos, proteínas, ácidos nucleicos y otros constituyentes esenciales para el desarrollo ha sido ampliamente documentado en varias especies debido a la importancia en los procesos de crecimiento y producción agrícola. Sin embargo, en la actualidad, existe escasa literatura del efecto de la deficiencia y toxicidad de nitrógeno sobre los compuestos osmoreguladores como indicadores de estrés en plantas. Por lo que el objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar los compuestos nitrogenados indicadores de estrés (prolina, glicinabetaina y colina en respuesta a las dosis tóxicas y deficientes de N en frijol ejotero desarrollado en cámara de cultivo bajo condiciones controladas y sistema hidropónico. Método: El nitrógeno fue aplicado a la solución nutritiva en la forma de NH4NO3 y en dosis crecientes: N1 = 1.5 mM, N2 = 3.0 mM, N3 = 6.0 mM, N4 = 12.0 mM, N5 = 18.0 mM y N6 = 24.0 mM de N. Los parámetros analizados fueron la acumulación de biomasa, la concentración de prolina, glicinabetaina y colina en hojas, raíces, semillas y vainas de frijol ejotero cv. Strike. Resultados: La aplicación de dosis deficientes y tóxicas de N afectó la producción de biomasa en frijol, siendo las dosis tóxicas las que afectaron más este parámetro. Por otro lado, resaltar que los osmoreguladores prolina, glicinabetaina y colina solamente se acumularon bajo condiciones de toxicidad de N (N6, sin embargo, en condiciones de estrés provocado por la deficiencia de N (N1 no se produce la acumulación de estos compuestos. Discusión o Conclusión: Los compuestos nitrogenados indicadores de estrés solamente se acumulan bajo condiciones de toxicidad de N (N6, sin embargo en

Internet2-based 3D PET image reconstruction using a PC cluster

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shattuck, D.W.; Rapela, J.; Asma, E.; Leahy, R.M.; Chatzioannou, A.; Qi, J.

2002-01-01

We describe an approach to fast iterative reconstruction from fully three-dimensional (3D) PET data using a network of PentiumIII PCs configured as a Beowulf cluster. To facilitate the use of this system, we have developed a browser-based interface using Java. The system compresses PET data on the user's machine, sends these data over a network, and instructs the PC cluster to reconstruct the image. The cluster implements a parallelized version of our preconditioned conjugate gradient method for fully 3D MAP image reconstruction. We report on the speed-up factors using the Beowulf approach and the impacts of communication latencies in the local cluster network and the network connection between the user's machine and our PC cluster. (author)

Hypoxia preconditioning of mesenchymal stromal cells enhances PC3 cell lymphatic metastasis accompanied by VEGFR-3/CCR7 activation.

Science.gov (United States)

Huang, Xin; Su, Kunkai; Zhou, Limin; Shen, Guofang; Dong, Qi; Lou, Yijia; Zheng, Shu

2013-12-01

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in bone marrow may enhance tumor metastases through the secretion of chemokines. MSCs have been reported to home toward the hypoxic tumor microenvironment in vivo. In this study, we investigated prostate cancer PC3 cell behavior under the influence of hypoxia preconditioned MSCs and explored the related mechanism of prostate cancer lymphatic metastases in mice. Transwell assays revealed that VEGF-C receptor, VEGFR-3, as well as chemokine CCL21 receptor, CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7), were responsible for the migration of PC3 cells toward hypoxia preconditioned MSCs. Knock-in Ccr7 in PC3 cells also improved cell migration in vitro. Furthermore, when PC3 cells were labeled using the hrGfp-lentiviral vector, and were combined with hypoxia preconditioned MSCs for xenografting, it resulted in an enhancement of lymph node metastases accompanied by up-regulation of VEGFR-3 and CCR7 in primary tumors. Both PI3K/Akt/IκBα and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways were activated in xenografts in the presence of hypoxia-preconditioned MSCs. Unexpectedly, the p-VEGFR-2/VEGFR-2 ratio was attenuated accompanied by decreased JAK1 expression, indicating a switching-off of potential vascular signal within xenografts in the presence of hypoxia-preconditioned MSCs. Unlike results from other studies, VEGF-C maintained a stable expression in both conditions, which indicated that hypoxia preconditioning of MSCs did not influence VEGF-C secretion. Our results provide the new insights into the functional molecular events and signalings influencing prostate tumor metastases, suggesting a hopeful diagnosis and treatment in new approaches. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

PC-3 prostate carcinoma cells release signal substances that influence the migratory activity of cells in the tumor's microenvironment

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Zänker Kurt S

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Tumor cells interact with the cells of the microenvironment not only by cell-cell-contacts but also by the release of signal substances. These substances are known to induce tumor vascularization, especially under hypoxic conditions, but are also supposed to provoke other processes such as tumor innervation and inflammatory conditions. Inflammation is mediated by two organ systems, the neuroendocrine system and the immune system. Therefore, we investigated the influence of substances released by PC-3 human prostate carcinoma cells on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells as well as neutrophil granulocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, especially with regard to their migratory activity. Results PC-3 cells express several cytokines and growth factors including vascular endothelial growth factors, fibroblast growth factors, interleukins and neurotrophic factors. SH-SY5Y cells are impaired in their migratory activity by PC-3 cell culture supernatant, but orientate chemotactically towards the source. Neutrophil granulocytes increase their locomotory activity only in response to cell culture supernantant of hypoxic but not of normoxic PC-3 cells. In contrast, cytotoxic T lymphocytes do not change their migratory activity in response to either culture supernatant, but increase their cytotoxicity, whereas supernatant of normoxic PC-3 cells leads to a stronger increase than that of hypoxic PC-3 cells. Conclusions PC-3 cells release several signal substances that influence the behavior of the cells in the tumor's microenvironment, whereas no clear pattern towards proinflammatory or immunosuppressive conditions can be seen.

Factores de riesgo psicosocial y estrés percibido en trabajadores de una empresa eléctrica en Chile

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Marjory Güilgüiruca Retamal

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la correlación entre riesgos psicosociales laborales y estrés percibido en trabajadores de una empresa del rubro eléctrico en Chile Material y Métodos: Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo, de alcance asociativo y de corte transversal, en el cual participaron 292 trabajadores. Se aplicó el instrumento SUSESO ISTAS-21, versión corta de la Superintendencia de Seguridad Social (SUSESO del Gobierno de Chile y la Escala de Estrés Percibido validada para población chilena. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa SPSS versión 17.0. Resultados: Los resultados indican que todos los factores de riesgos psicosociales estudiados presentan asociaciones estadísticamente significativas con estrés percibido. Destacan las relaciones de apoyo social y exigencias psicológicas con estrés percibido, así como la relación entre género y doble presencia, antigüedad laboral y trabajo activo, sistema de turno y compensaciones. Conclusiones: Los trabajadores evaluados manifiestan que en la medida que aumenta la percepción de riesgo de los factores psicosociales del trabajo, también aumentan sus niveles de estrés percibido con aspectos del contenido y organización del trabajo.

Estrés en estudiantes de enfermería: una revisión sistemática

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Diana Carolina Silva-Sánchez

2015-06-01

Full Text Available El estrés académico en los estudiantes de enfermería ha sido investigado en varios países del mundo del año 2009 al 2014, destacándose países como Brasil, México, Estados Unidos y España. La revisión bibliográfica evidenció que los estudiantes de enfermería manejan un alto nivel de estrés debido generalmente a las evaluaciones y prácticas clínicas, que son enfrentadas principalmente con la resolución de problemas y planeación de tareas. En conclusión, los estudiantes de enfermería siempre manejan algún nivel de estrés, y los docentes deben motivar al uso de estrategias de afrontamiento efectivas para la reducción de las reacciones físicas, psicológicas y comportamentales.

Técnica de respiración Jacobson para reducir el estrés de enfermeras de unidades de cuidados intensivos

OpenAIRE

Téllez Sánchez, Anna María

2013-01-01

Problema del estudio: El sector de enfermería perteneciente a las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos presentan estrés, y se ofrece la Técnica de respiración Jacobson como herramienta para disminuir los niveles y los problemas derivados del estrés. Objetivo general: Evaluar la eficacia de la técnica de respiración Jacobson sobre el estrés en los profesionales de enfermería de UCI. Objetivos específicos: Diseñar un taller de respiración de la técnica Jacobson, para enfermería de UCI; comparar l...

Dasatinib inhibits both osteoclast activation and prostate cancer PC-3-cell-induced osteoclast formation.

Science.gov (United States)

Araujo, John C; Poblenz, Ann; Corn, Paul; Parikh, Nila U; Starbuck, Michael W; Thompson, Jerry T; Lee, Francis; Logothetis, Christopher J; Darnay, Bryant G

2009-11-01

Therapies to target prostate cancer bone metastases have only limited effects. New treatments are focused on the interaction between cancer cells, bone marrow cells and the bone matrix. Osteoclasts play an important role in the development of bone tumors caused by prostate cancer. Since Src kinase has been shown to be necessary for osteoclast function, we hypothesized that dasatinib, a Src family kinase inhibitor, would reduce osteoclast activity and prostate cancer (PC-3) cell-induced osteoclast formation. Dasatinib inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow-derived monocytes with an EC(50) of 7.5 nM. PC-3 cells, a human prostate cancer cell line, were able to differentiate RAW 264.7 cells, a murine monocytic cell line, into osteoclasts, and dasatinib inhibited this differentiation. In addition, conditioned medium from PC-3 cell cultures was able to differentiate RAW 264.7 cells into osteoclasts and this too, was inhibited by dasatinib. Even the lowest concentration of dasatinib, 1.25 nmol, inhibited osteoclast differentiation by 29%. Moreover, dasatinib inhibited osteoclast activity by 58% as measured by collagen 1 release. We performed in vitro experiments utilizing the Src family kinase inhibitor dasatinib to target osteoclast activation as a means of inhibiting prostate cancer bone metastases. Dasatinib inhibits osteoclast differentiation of mouse primary bone marrow-derived monocytes and PC-3 cell-induced osteoclast differentiation. Dasatinib also inhibits osteoclast degradation activity. Inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and activity may be an effective targeted therapy in patients with prostate cancer bone metastases.

Diferencias en Estrés Percibido, Salud Mental y Física de acuerdo al Tipo de Relación Humano-Perro

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MÓNICA TERESA GONZÁLEZ RAMÍREZ

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Con el propósito de evaluar si los niveles de estrés y salud percibidos difieren de acuerdo al tipo de relación entre el humano y el perro, así como de evaluar la correlación de estrés y salud percibidos con la frecuencia en que se realizan algunas actividades con el perro, se aplicaron cuestionarios de autoinforme a 247 voluntarios, dueños de al menos un perro. Los principales resultados muestran puntajes más bajos de estrés percibido y más altos de salud mental en quienes consideran a su perro miembro de la familia. Además, se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre entrenar al perro y el estrés y la salud mental; entre jugar con el perro y la vitalidad y la salud mental, y entre pasearlo y la vitalidad. Se concluye que quienes consideran al perro un miembro de la familia y realizan más actividades con él tienen más beneficios en su salud física y mental, y en el nivel de estrés percibido.

Factores de riesgo y prevención del estrés académico en estudiantes universitarios de la UNEMI, Milagro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Johana Espinel Guadalupe

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo investigativo, tiene como fin identificar los principales factores de riesgo para el estrés académico mediante la aplicación del Inventario SISCO, que mide estrés académico a los estudiantes de la Universidad Estatal de Milagro, para plantear una estrategia de prevención en base a los resultados obtenidos, realizando un estudio cuantitativo descriptivo de corte transversal, en una muestra representativa de estudiantes de psicología industrial, durante los meses octubre a diciembre en el año 2012. La intensidad del estrés en la muestra de 85 estudiantes (58 mujeres y 27 hombres, está dentro del término medio en 40% de la muestra, sumado a este valor el 11,76% de personas cuya intensidad de estrés es alta. La frecuencia de los síntomas se evidencian en un 40% de reacciones físicas, 33,33 % de reacciones psicológicas y el 26,7% muestran reacciones comportamentales, sin embargo el uso de estrategias de afrontamiento del estrés arrojan porcentajes en un promedio del 16% para alguna de ellas.

Antagonism between DNA and H3K27 methylation at the imprinted Rasgrf1 locus

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lindroth, Anders M; Park, Yoon Jung; McLean, Chelsea M

2008-01-01

At the imprinted Rasgrf1 locus in mouse, a cis-acting sequence controls DNA methylation at a differentially methylated domain (DMD). While characterizing epigenetic marks over the DMD, we observed that DNA and H3K27 trimethylation are mutually exclusive, with DNA and H3K27 methylation limited...... to the paternal and maternal sequences, respectively. The mutual exclusion arises because one mark prevents placement of the other. We demonstrated this in five ways: using 5-azacytidine treatments and mutations at the endogenous locus that disrupt DNA methylation; using a transgenic model in which the maternal...

Estrés académico y funcionalidad familiar en estudiantes de odontología

OpenAIRE

Shyrley Díaz Cárdenas; Katherine Arrieta Vergara; Farith González Martínez

2014-01-01

Objetivo: Asociar estrés académico y funcionalidad familiar en estudiantes de odontología. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal en una muestra probabilística de 251 estudiantes de odontología de una universidad pública de Cartagena de Indias (Colombia). Se midieron características sociodemográficas, estrés académico (escala SISCO) y funcionalidad familiar (APGAR familiar). Se estimó ocurrencia (prevalencias), asociación entre variables (odd ratios) y análisis multivariable (regresión log...

ESTRES HIDRICO EN DOS ESPECIES DE CAPSICUM CON DIFERENTES GRADOS DE DOMESTICACION

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Alejandra Nieto Garibay

2009-12-01

Full Text Available La germinación en semillas está comúnmente afectada por el estrés hídrico. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el efecto del estrés hídrico en el porcentaje final de germinación, tasa media de germinación, y longitud de epicotilo e hipocotilo, índice de radícula:tallo de las especies de chile semi-domesticado Capsicum frutescens L. y cultivado Capsicum annuum L. Las semillas fueron expuestas a ocho niveles de potencial hídrico (Ψ inducidas con polietilen glicol (PEG 8000. Capsicum annuum presentó el porcentaje final de germinación de 73%; sin embargo, se presentaron diferencias no significativas (P=0.01 entre tratamientos en cada especie. La tasa media de germinación fue menor en C. frutescens que en C. annuum. El índice de la relación radícula:tallo fue mayor para C. annuum que para C. frutescens. Las diferencias entre el índice radícula:tallo fue significativa entre tratamientos en el caso de C. annuum, mientras que para C. frutescens no. El índice radícula:tallo fue un indicador relevante de tolerancia a la sequía  en ambas especies de chile. Un incremento en el índice radícula:tallo como una función de los niveles de estrés hídrico sugiere un efecto promotor en C. annuum mejorando el crecimiento de plántula bajo estrés hídrico. En el caso de C. frutescens, no se evidenció una disminución en el índice radícula:tallo. Lo cual sugiere una característica adaptativa del crecimiento bajo condiciones climáticas aridas y semiaridas en Baja California Sur.

Aromatic hydrocarbon receptor inhibits lysophosphatidic acid-induced vascular endothelial growth factor-A expression in PC-3 prostate cancer cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wu, Pei-Yi; Lin, Yueh-Chien; Lan, Shun-Yan; Huang, Yuan-Li; Lee, Hsinyu

2013-01-01

Highlights: •LPA-induced VEGF-A expression was regulated by HIF-1α and ARNT. •PI3K mediated LPA-induced VEGF-A expression. •AHR signaling inhibited LPA-induced VEGF-A expression in PC-3 cells. -- Abstract: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a lipid growth factor with multiple biological functions and has been shown to stimulate cancer cell secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and trigger angiogenesis. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), a heterodimer consisting of HIF-1α and HIF-1β (also known as aromatic hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT)) subunits, is an important regulator of angiogenesis in prostate cancer (PC) through the enhancement of VEGF-A expression. In this study, we first confirmed the ability of LPA to induce VEGF-A expression in PC-3 cells and then validated that LPA-induced VEGF-A expression was regulated by HIF-1α and ARNT through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation. Aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a receptor for dioxin-like compounds, functions as a transcription factor through dimerization with ARNT and was found to inhibit prostate carcinogenesis and vanadate-induced VEGF-A production. Since ARNT is a common dimerization partner of AHR and HIF-1α, we hypothesized that AHR might suppress LPA-induced VEGF-A expression in PC-3 cells by competing with HIF-1α for ARNT. Here we demonstrated that overexpression and ligand activation of AHR inhibited HIF-1-mediated VEGF-A induction by LPA treatment of PC-3 cells. In conclusion, our results suggested that AHR activation may inhibit LPA-induced VEGF-A expression in PC-3 cells by attenuating HIF-1α signaling, and subsequently, suppressing angiogenesis and metastasis of PC. These results suggested that AHR presents a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of PC metastasis

Perfiles de regulación emocional y estrés académico en estudiantes de fisioterapia

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Ramón González Cabanach

2017-12-01

Se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los diferentes perfiles tanto para la percepción de estresores como para las respuestas psicofisiológicas de estrés. Los estudiantes con un perfil de alta regulación emocional percibieron en menor medida el entorno académico como amenazante y experimentaron con menor frecuencia manifestaciones psicofisiológicas de estrés. Los estudiantes con perfiles de baja regulación y baja regulación con alta atención emocional mostraron resultados similares, a excepción de las alteraciones del sueño. En conclusión, los estudiantes de fisioterapia con elevadas puntuaciones en control y aceptación de sus estados emocionales perciben las circunstancias académicas de forma más adaptativa y experimentan menores respuestas de estrés.

Calidad de vida en pacientes con diferentes subtipos de estreñimiento de acuerdo a los criterios de ROMA III

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M.C. Ruiz-López

2015-01-01

Conclusiones: Utilizando los cuestionarios PAC-QOL y SF-36 se identifican diferencias en la calidad de vida en los subtipos de estreñimiento. Los pacientes con la variante síndrome de intestino irritable con estreñimiento experimentan menor calidad de vida en todos los dominios evaluados.

El papel del estrés oxidativo en la disfunción endotelial de la aterosclerosis

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Angélica Jiménez Rosales

2011-01-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad cardiovascular es una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad en el mundo. Resulta de la oclusión trombótica de las arterias como consecuencia de la rotura de una placa de ateroma, misma que se genera por disfunción endotelial e inflamación crónica, que a su vez son producidas por un estado de estrés oxidativo del organismo, a causa de un desbalance en la producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno y la eficiencia de los sistemas antioxidantes. Se sabe que la progresión de la placa de ateroma genera también por sí misma inflamación y estrés oxidativo. El objetivo de esta revisión es presentar los mecanismos por los cuales el estrés oxidativo es causa y consecuencia de la ateroesclerosis, llevando a un daño continuo del endotelio.

El papel del estrés oxidativo en la disfunción endotelial de la aterosclerosis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Angélica Jiménez-Rosales

2010-01-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad cardiovascular es una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad en el mundo. Resulta de la oclusión trombótica de las arterias como consecuencia de la rotura de una placa de ateroma, misma que se genera por disfunción endotelial e inflamación crónica, que a su vez son producidas por un estado de estrés oxidativo del organismo, a causa de un desbalance en la producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno y la eficiencia de los sistemas antioxidantes. Se sabe que la progresión de la placa de ateroma genera también por sí misma inflamación y estrés oxidativo. El objetivo de esta revisión es presentar los mecanismos por los cuales el estrés oxidativo es causa y consecuencia de la ateroesclerosis, llevando a un daño continuo del endotelio.

Estrés laboral, sensibilidad egocéntrica negativa y salud en profesionales venezolanos

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Lila Goncalves

2013-08-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la relación existente entre el estrés laboral y la sensibilidad egocéntrica negativa con el estatus de salud física y psicológica de profesionales  venezolanos. Se midieron el estrés laboral percibido, según el Modelo Demanda-Control (demanda-control-apoyo social, la sensibilidad egocéntrica negativa y el estatus salud física y psicológica autopercibida, en  441 profesionales venezolanos de diferentes disciplinas y de ambos sexos (M=220; F=220; edad X= 30 años, DT=6,52. Los resultados mostraron que el estrés laboral y la sensibilidad egocéntrica negativa impactan sobre la salud autopercibida. La sensibilidad egocéntrica negativa se relaciona positivamente con mayores demandas laborales, así como con una mayor ansiedad, depresión, reportes de enfermedad, síntomas e indicadores de morbilidad y de manera inversa con control laboral, apoyo social, autoestima y bienestar, apoyando evidencias previas sobre el efecto pervasivo de la sensibilidad egocéntrica negativa sobre la salud y el bienestar de los individuos.

ROL DE LA INSULINA EN LA VIA NEURAL HIPOTALAMO-OVARIO EN UN MODELO DE OVARIO POLIQUISTICO INDUCIDO POR ESTRES CRONICO.

OpenAIRE

DORFMAN PESSO, MAURICIO DANIEL

2008-01-01

El estrés crónico, en combinación con la sobrealimentación y la falta de ejercicio, contribuye al desarrollo del síndrome metabólico, aumentando el riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares y diabetes tipo 2. Se ha demostrado que el estrés afecta a cada componente del síndrome metabólico y entre ellos, al síndrome de ovario poliquístico (SOP), principal causa de infertilidad en mujeres en edad fértil. Hemos descrito que el estrés por frío crónico en ratas provoca cambios morfológicos en los ...

DFNB79: reincarnation of a nonsyndromic deafness locus on chromosome 9q34.3.

Science.gov (United States)

Khan, Shahid Yar; Riazuddin, Saima; Shahzad, Mohsin; Ahmed, Nazir; Zafar, Ahmad Usman; Rehman, Atteeq Ur; Morell, Robert J; Griffith, Andrew J; Ahmed, Zubair M; Riazuddin, Sheikh; Friedman, Thomas B

2010-01-01

Genetic analysis of an inbred Pakistani family PKDF280, segregating prelingual severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss, provided evidence for a DFNB locus on human chromosome 9q34.3. Co-segregation of the deafness trait with marker D9SH159 was determined by a two-point linkage analysis (LOD score 9.43 at theta=0). Two additional large families, PKDF517 and PKDF741, co-segregate recessive deafness with markers linked to the same interval. Haplotype analyses of these three families refined the interval to 3.84 Mb defined by D9S1818 (centromeric) and D9SH6 (telomeric). This interval overlaps with the previously reported DFNB33 locus whose chromosomal map position has been recently revised and assigned to a new position on chromosome 10p11.23-q21.1. The nonsyndromic deafness locus on chromosome 9q segregating in family PKDF280 was designated DFNB79. We are currently screening the 113 candidate DFNB79 genes for mutations and have excluded CACNA1B, EDF1, PTGDS, EHMT1, QSOX2, NOTCH1, MIR126 and MIR602.

El estrés oxidativo en la insuficiencia renal asociada con hipertensión

OpenAIRE

Heredia Ruiz, Danay; Fernández Caraballo, Douglas; Alfonso Rodríguez, Jesús; Ballesteros Hernández, Marianela

2012-01-01

En los últimos años, junto con los factores que podríamos llamar “clásicos” en el diagnóstico de la enfermedad renal (dígase anemia, hipertensión y diabetes), se considera que el estrés oxidativo sería otro factor a tener en cuenta en la patogénesis de la insuficiencia renal crónica progresiva. De hecho, el estrés oxidativo se ha señalado como un importante mediador patológico en muchas y muy diversas situaciones clínicas como la carcinogénesis, la arterioesclerosis, las enfermedades cardiova...

Dasatinib inhibits both osteoclast activation and prostate cancer PC-3 cell-induced osteoclast formation

Science.gov (United States)

Araujo, John C.; Poblenz, Ann; Corn, Paul G.; Parikh, Nila U.; Starbuck, Michael W.; Thompson, Jerry T.; Lee, Francis; Logothetis, Christopher J.; Darnay, Bryant G.

2013-01-01

Purpose Therapies to target prostate cancer bone metastases have only limited effects. New treatments are focused on the interaction between cancer cells, bone marrow cells and the bone matrix. Osteoclasts play an important role in the development of bone tumors caused by prostate cancer. Since Src kinase has been shown to be necessary for osteoclast function, we hypothesized that dasatinib, a Src family kinase inhibitor, would reduce osteoclast activity and prostate cancer (PC-3) cell-induced osteoclast formation. Results Dasatinib inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow-derived monocytes with an EC50 of 7.5 nM. PC-3 cells, a human prostate cancer cell line, were able to differentiate RAW 264.7 cells, a murine monocytic cell line, into osteoclasts and dasatinib inhibited this differentiation. In addition, conditioned medium from PC-3 cell cultures was able to differentiate RAW 264.7 cells into osteoclasts and this too, was inhibited by dasatinib. Even the lowest concentration of dasatinib, 1.25 nmol, inhibited osteoclast differentiation by 29%. Moreover, dasatinib inhibited osteoclast activity by 58% as measured by collagen 1 release. Experimental design We performed in vitro experiments utilizing the Src family kinase inhibitor dasatinib to target osteoclast activation as a means of inhibiting prostate cancer bone metastases. Conclusion Dasatinib inhibits osteoclast differentiation of mouse primary bone marrow-derived monocytes and PC-3 cell-induced osteoclast differentiation. Dasatinib also inhibits osteoclast degradation activity. Inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and activity may be an effective targeted therapy in patients with prostate cancer bone metastases. PMID:19855158

Respuestas al estrés por calor en los cultivos. I. Aspectos moleculares, bioquímicos y siológicos.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Néstor Felipe Chaves-Barrantes

2016-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de esta revisión fue integrar los mecanismos por los cuales las plantas responden al estrés por calor a lo largo del continuo suelo-planta-atmósfera, desde una perspectiva agronómica. Esta revisión presenta las bases siológicas del estrés por calor, para lo cual se examinaron las temperaturas óptimas y los umbrales de estrés por calor en los cultivos, las metodologías para su estudio, y las respuestas moleculares, bioquímicas y siológicas de las plantas a altas temperaturas. Se describe el efecto de las altas temperaturas sobre la estructura y el metabolismo celular, la respiración y la aclimatación de la Q10, la estabilidad de las membranas, la acumulación de osmolitos compatibles, la producción de pigmentos y metabolitos secundarios, la producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno (ROS y enzimas antioxidantes, la producción de proteínas de estrés, y el efecto sobre la fotosíntesis y la partición de asimilados. Además, se discuten los cambios hormonales que regulan la respuesta de las plantas en el campo, su señalización y la aclimatación al estrés térmico.

Stress proteins and auxiliary anti-stress compounds in intertidal macroalgae Proteínas de estrés y compuestos anti-estrés auxiliares en algas marinas intermareales

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Edgardo Cruces

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Intertidal macroalgae are exposed to strong variation in the physical environment and thus, diverse anti-stress mechanisms are displayed by these organisms. Stress proteins (also called heat shock proteins, HSPs have been invoked as potential protective mechanism, especially during stressful action of temperature and solar radiation. Therefore, macroalgae have not normally been used as model organisms in studies of these molecules. The present study compiles the existing information from intertidal species in the context of major factors that have been reported to induce them, e.g. temperature, enhanced solar radiation, contaminants, etc. Additionally, in order to address the question whether the expression of these proteins operates in intertidal macroalgae complementarily with other protective mechanisms, a case study of induction of HSPs after exposure to UV radiation and high temperature in two upper littoral species, Ulva sp. and Porphyra columbina, from southern Chile is presented. In parallel, two well-known responses to stress, photoinhibition of photochemical reactions (Fv/Fm and ROS scavenging were measured. The results indicated that, although stress proteins were detected in a time span between 3 and 24 h, the responses were not correlated with photochemical and antioxidative response. Overall, the study outlines a potential role of stress proteins in ecophysiological responses developed to cope mainly with high temperature and UV radiation. However, other rapid metabolic adjustments (e.g. high thermo-tolerance of photosynthesis and efficient ROS scavenging, together with other biomolecules (mycosporines, phenols, polyamines, etc. and morpho-functional adaptations to the intertidal life (e.g. small size, high area/volume ratio are also important.Las macroalgas marinas intermareales están expuestas a extrema variación en las condiciones ambientales y por ello desarrollan una serie de mecanismos anti-estrés. Las proteínas de estr

Uso de prácticas integradas y complementarias en el tratamiento del estrés ocupacional: una revisión integradora

OpenAIRE

Llapa Rodríguez, Eliane Ofelia; da Silva, Gilvan Gomes; Neto, David Lopes; López Montesinos, María José; Seva Llor, Ana Myriam; Gois, Cristiane Franca Lisboa

2015-01-01

Objetivo: Sintetizar la producción de conocimiento relacionado al uso de Prácticas Integradas y Complementarias (PIC) en el tratamiento del estrés laboral. Método: Revisión integradora, que tuvo como pregunta guía: ¿cuál es la producción del conocimento de las PIC relacionada al tratamiento del estrés laboral en el período de 2003 a 2013?. Para recolectar los datos se utilizaron las bases de datos Lilacs y Medline, utilizando la combinación de los descriptores "estrés" con "ter...

PC communication

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oh, Jae Cheol

1992-03-01

This text book is comprised of five charters, which is about PC communication for beginners who need to learn manners and how to use Ketel and PC serve. So it introduces first, conception of PC and precautions on using PC communication, second, preparation for PC communication with Modem, its program, install, kinds of protocol and how to use protocol, third directions of emulator of PC communication and super session, fourth, instruction of Ketel with join and access, basic command of Ketel, list of Ketel's menu, Ketel editor, service guide, directions of News service, Stock and bond service business and economic figures, exchange rate and interest rate, tax culture and leisure, Ketel BBS service and posting. The last part has a instruction of PC-serve about join, basic command of PC-serve, service guide and practical guideline.

PC communication

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oh, Jae Cheol

1992-03-15

This text book is comprised of five charters, which is about PC communication for beginners who need to learn manners and how to use Ketel and PC serve. So it introduces first, conception of PC and precautions on using PC communication, second, preparation for PC communication with Modem, its program, install, kinds of protocol and how to use protocol, third directions of emulator of PC communication and super session, fourth, instruction of Ketel with join and access, basic command of Ketel, list of Ketel's menu, Ketel editor, service guide, directions of News service, Stock and bond service business and economic figures, exchange rate and interest rate, tax culture and leisure, Ketel BBS service and posting. The last part has a instruction of PC-serve about join, basic command of PC-serve, service guide and practical guideline.

Estrés en la actividad administrativa de enfermería: consecuencias para la salud

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Luiz Lima da Silva

2013-07-01

Full Text Available Las actividades realizadas por los enfermeros incluyen las funciones de asistencia y administración que pueden generar sobrecarga de trabajo. Objetivo: describir los factores que causan estrés en las tareas administrativas de los enfermeros y reflexionar sobre sus implicaciones para la salud de este profesional. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo que utilizó como fuente de información la revisión de la literatura, con trabajos publicados entre 2001 a 2011, para la construcción de la discusión del texto reflexivo. Discusión: se fundamentó en la descripción de los factores causales de estrés en las tareas administrativas del personal de enfermería y sus consecuencias para los profesionales de la salud. Conclusión: las actividades de administrativas relacionadas a la planificación y gestión del personal de enfermería aumentan la carga de estrés que se suman a las tareas de cuidado. Esta situación perjudica a la salud y el bienestar en que se manifiesta a través del agotamiento físico, mental y trastornos psicosomáticos. Por lo expuesto, deben ser propuestas acciones que busquen mejores condiciones de trabajo y mitigar el estrés de los enfermeros en el ambiente del trabajo. Se perciben deficiencias que pueden ser perjudiciales para la calidad de vida de los trabajadores, hecho alarmante, en una realidad social en que la salud del trabajador ha sido considerada y valorada como derecho inalienable.

Los pecados originales en la propuesta transaccional sobre estrés y afrontamiento de Lazarus y Folkman

OpenAIRE

Julio Alfonso Piña López

2009-01-01

Con base en la metodología del análisis conceptual, se revisa el uso de los conceptos de estrés y afrontamiento, claves en la propuesta transaccional sobre estrés de Lazarus y Folkman. Se concluye que ambos conceptos son utilizados de manera incorrecta, con profundas implicaciones en el ámbito de la investigación, así como la interpretación que se hace de los resultados obtenidos en ésta.

Cardiomiopatía inducida por estrés (Takotsubo en una paciente con anorexia nerviosa

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Sabrina Vadalá

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Presentamos el caso de una mujer con diagnóstico de anorexia nerviosa que desarrolló cardiomiopatía de takotsubo precipitada por estrés emocional y alteraciones del medio interno. Evolucionó favorablemente con manejo conservador. Los casos de cardiomiopatía inducida por estrés, descriptos en pacientes con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, suelen alcanzar mayor gravedad y se asocian con la prolongación del intervalo QT por desequilibrios electrolíticos, arritmias ventriculares e hipoglucemia. Se realiza una revisión del compromiso cardiovascular en pacientes con anorexia nerviosa.

Niveles subjetivos de estrés-recuperación en deportistas Costarricenses de alto rendimiento

OpenAIRE

Sánchez Ureña, M.Sc. Braulio; Ureña Bonilla, Pedro; Calleja González, Julio

2014-01-01

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los niveles estrés-recuperación en deportistas costarricenses de alto rendimiento. Metodología: participaron un total de 239 sujetos, con una media de edad de 25,4 ± 4,8 años y con un promedio de 6,4 ± 4,6 años de entrenamiento en la primera división de su disciplina deportiva. Se utilizó la versión española del Cuestionario de Estrés-Recuperación para deportistas Resultados: los valores promedio para las variables relacionadas a la recuperación...

Efectos de los estrógenos como contaminantes emergentes en la salud y el ambiente

OpenAIRE

Ramírez-Sánchez, Irwing M.; Martínez-Austria, Polioptro; Quiroz-Alfaro, Marco A.; Bandala, Erick R.

2015-01-01

Los contaminantes emergentes son sustancias que tienen el potencial de dañar al ser humano, flora y fauna, y no están regulados por la legislación. Los estrógenos son parte de esta definición, es decir, contaminantes emergentes, que cuando incrementan su concentración en el ser humano o el ambiente causan daño. Los seres humanos están expuestos a concentraciones altas de estrógenos debido a su uso como parte de terapias de reemplazo hormonal o métodos anticonceptivos. Flora y fauna están expu...

Inferring mechanisms of copy number change from haplotype structures at the human DEFA1A3 locus

OpenAIRE

Black, Holly A; Khan, Fayeza F; Tyson, Jess; Armour, John AL

2014-01-01

Background The determination of structural haplotypes at copy number variable regions can indicate the mechanisms responsible for changes in copy number, as well as explain the relationship between gene copy number and expression. However, obtaining spatial information at regions displaying extensive copy number variation, such as the DEFA1A3 locus, is complex, because of the difficulty in the phasing and assembly of these regions. The DEFA1A3 locus is intriguing in that it falls within a reg...

PcToll3 was involved in anti-Vibrio response by regulating the expression of antimicrobial peptides in red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii.

Science.gov (United States)

Lan, Jiang-Feng; Wei, Shun; Wang, Yu-Qing; Dai, Yun-Jia; Tu, Jia-Gang; Zhao, Li-Juan; Li, Xin-Cang; Qin, Qi-Wei; Chen, Nan; Lin, Li

2016-10-01

Tolls and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in host immune defenses by regulating the expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and cytokines, but the functional differences of crustacean Tolls from Drosophila Tolls or Mammal TLRs are largely unknown. A novel Toll receptor, named PcToll3, was identified from red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. It was widely expressed in all detected tissues, and its transcript in hemocytes was up-regulated at 12 h after Vibrio parahemolyticus (Vibrio) injection or at 24 h post white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge. After knockdown of PcToll3, the activity of bacterial clearance was inhibited, and the expression levels of AMPs including Crustin1 (Cru1), Anti-lippopolysaccharide factor 1 (ALF1), and Lysozymes1 (Lys1), which could be up-regulated by Vibrio, were all affected. Meanwhile, PcToll3 silencing influenced the expression of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (PcMyd88), tumor necrosis factor-associated factor 6 (PcTRAF6), and PcDorsal, which were the counterparts of Drosophila Toll signaling pathway. Interestingly, PcToll3 silencing inhibited translocation of PcDorsal from cytoplasm to nucleus. Furthermore, the knockdown of PcDorsal also impaired the expression of AMPs after Vibrio challenge. Hence, we concluded that, besides participating in antiviral immunity, PcToll3 might also regulate the expression of Cru1 and Lys1 to participate in anti-Vibrio immune responses by promoting PcDorsal translocation into nucleus. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

El estrés: un análisis basado en el papel de los factores sociales

OpenAIRE

Bonifacio Sandín

2003-01-01

El presente estudio teórico presenta un análisis crítico sobre los conceptos actuales del estrés, focalizado en la relevancia de los factores sociales. Generalmente la investigación sobre el estrés se ha centrado en sus efectos sobre la salud y en los factores biológicos y psicológicos implicados. Sin embargo, el estudio sobre la naturaleza y origen de los estresores (por ejemplo, interés por los aspectos sociales de los estresores) también es importante y ha suscitado algunas ...

Interrelaciones entre el estrés, inmunidad y parasitismo en el herrerillo común (Parus caeruleus).

OpenAIRE

Tomás Gutiérrez, Gustavo

2005-01-01

RESUMEN Cada vez es mayor el conocimiento existente sobre las interacciones entre parásitos y hospedadores en condiciones naturales. Sin embargo, aún no están bien establecidos los costes y compromisos a que se enfrentan los hospedadores que padecen infecciones parasitarias crónicas. Los parásitos sanguíneos pueden causar estrés fisiológico a sus hospedadores mediante la destrucción celular y el consumo de hemoglobina. El importante papel que las proteínas de estrés (heat shock proteins, H...

Estrés y depresión en cuidadores informales de pacientes con trastorno afectivo bipolar

OpenAIRE

Palacios-Espinosa, Ximena; Jiménez-Solanilla, Karim-Offir

2009-01-01

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo establecer la prevalencia del estrés y la depresión en cuidadores primarios informales de pacientes con trastorno afectivo bipolar (TAB) de la Clínica de Nuestra Señora de La Paz (Bogotá, Colombia). La muestra fue de 40 cuidadores primarios informales, a quienes se les aplicaron varios instrumentos: una encuesta filtro, una ficha sociodemográfica, el Inventario de Depresión de Beck (BDI) y el Cuestionario de Estrés Diario. Los resultados indican que hay...

La medición del estrés en contextos académicos en estudiantes universitarios

OpenAIRE

Franco Taboada, Victoria

2016-01-01

[Resumen]En las dos últimas décadas, los autores se han decantado progresivamente por utilizar la denominación estrés académico para referirse al proceso de estrés experimentado por los estudiantes, definiéndolo como el impacto que tiene sobre estos el entorno educativo según sea valorado como una amenaza o como un desafío, a partir de las percepciones subjetivas, los recursos de que dispongan y de cómo afronten los estresores, pudiendo provocar alteraciones en el bienestar y en la salud de l...

Evaluación de los niveles de estrés crónico del recurso humano de la Microrred de Pachacamac, mayo 2012

OpenAIRE

Collado, Noemí; Figueroa, Jazmín

2013-01-01

Objetivos: Medir los niveles de estrés crónico en el recurso Humano de la Microrred de Pachacamac. Definir la relación entre los niveles de satisfacción laboral y los niveles de estrés o agotamiento. Comparar los niveles de estrés entre los trabajadores asistenciales y administrativos. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo, trasversal. Institución: Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM. Participantes: Trabajadores de salud. Intervenciones: En 54 trabajadores de salud -8 administrativos, 42 asistenciales y 4 que ...

El estreñimiento infantil, una visión desde la farmacia comunitaria

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pérez Benajas MA

2010-06-01

Full Text Available El estreñimiento en los niños es una de las consultas frecuentes en la farmacia comunitaria. Las precauciones básicas en la alimentación del lactante y el conocimiento de las pautas apropiadas en la introducción de nuevos alimentos se relacionan con la maduración progresiva de los sistemas digestivo y metabólico. El estreñimiento infantil se acompaña de una serie de síntomas cuya trascendencia es necesario reconocer y valorar con el fin de recomendar la consulta al médico o realizar la indicación farmacéutica correspondiente. Las papillas existentes en el mercado español pueden resultar útiles para mejorar el estreñimiento infantil, ya que aportan más fibra, disminuyendo la consistencia de las heces y también ejerciendo un efecto prebiótico (añadiendo FOS e inulina. Otras aportan fibra alimentaria, añadiendo mayor cantidad de pulpas de fruta. La educación dirigida a las madres en cuanto a hábitos alimentarios y una adecuada elección de los productos dietéticos indicados en esta situación permiten, en muchas ocasiones, resolver el problema sin necesidad de recurrir a tratamientos farmacológicos, no siempre convenientes.

Estrés laboral en médicos asistentes de hospitales de Salta-Capital

OpenAIRE

Urbano, Fernando Adrian

2009-01-01

p. 39-54 Se realizó esta investigación en los hospitales de Salta-Capital para conocer el nivel de estrés laboral de los médicos que asisten a pacientes, y para determinar cuáles son los síntomas más frecuentes, con el fin de informarle a la gerencia para la toma de decisiones al respecto. Se arribó a que los médicos mencionados tienen en su mayoría estrés, ubicándose en la etapa de adaptación, con síntomas referidos a dolores mus- culares, fatiga, falta de placer en la vida, mal humor, so...

Diferencias en Estrés Percibido, Salud Mental y Física de acuerdo al Tipo de Relación Humano-Perro

OpenAIRE

MÓNICA TERESA GONZÁLEZ RAMÍREZ; RENÉ LANDERO HERNÁNDEZ

2011-01-01

Con el propósito de evaluar si los niveles de estrés y salud percibidos difieren de acuerdo al tipo de relación entre el humano y el perro, así como de evaluar la correlación de estrés y salud percibidos con la frecuencia en que se realizan algunas actividades con el perro, se aplicaron cuestionarios de autoinforme a 247 voluntarios, dueños de al menos un perro. Los principales resultados muestran puntajes más bajos de estrés percibido y más altos de salud mental en quienes consideran a su pe...

X-ray-induced specific-locus mutations in the ad-3 region of two-component heterokaryons of Neurospora crass

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

De Serres, F.J.

1990-01-01

More extensive complementation tests than those performed initially on a series of 832 X-ray-induced specific-locus mutations in the adenine-4 (ad-3) region of a two-component heterokaryon (H-12) of Neurospora crassa showed that unexpectedly high frequencies of specific-locus mutations in the ad-3 region have additional, but separate, sites of recessive lethal damage in the immediately adjacent genetic regions. In the present paper, X-ray-induced irreparable ad-3 mutants of the folowing genotypes and numbers (ad-3A ad-3B, ad-3A ad-3B nic-2, and ad-3B nic-2) have also subjected to the same genetic fine structure analysis. These experiments, in the previous and present papers, were designed to determine the extent of the functional inactivation in the ad-3 and immediately adjacent genetic regions in individual mutants classified as presumptive multilocus deletions or multiplelocus mutations. The data in the present paper have shown that in Neurospora crassa most X-ray-induced irreparable mutants of genotype ad-3A ad-3B, ad-3A ad-3B nic-2, and ad-3 nic-2 map as a series of overlapping multilocus deletions. In addition, genetic fine structure analysis has shown that some of the mutants classified, initially, as multilocus deletions, are actually multiple-locus mutations: multilocus deletions with closely linked, and separate, sites of recessive lethal damage with a wide variety of genotyes. Combining data from the present experiments with previously published date, the frequency of multiple-locus mutations among X-ray-induced gene/point mutations and multilocus deletions in the ad-3 region is 6.2%. (author). 27 refs.; 4 figs.; 7 tab

Corn silk maysin induces apoptotic cell death in PC-3 prostate cancer cells via mitochondria-dependent pathway.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Jisun; Lee, Seul; Kim, Sun-Lim; Choi, Ji Won; Seo, Jeong Yeon; Choi, Doo Jin; Park, Yong Il

2014-12-05

Despite recent advances in prostate cancer diagnostics and therapeutics, the overall survival rate still remains low. This study was aimed to assess potential anti-cancer activity of maysin, a major flavonoid of corn silk (CS, Zea mays L.), in androgen-independent human prostate cancer cells (PC-3). Maysin was isolated from CS of Kwangpyeongok, a Korean hybrid corn, via methanol extraction and preparative C18 reverse phase column chromatography. Maysin cytotoxicity was determined by either monitoring cell viability in various cancer cell lines by MTT assay or morphological changes. Apoptotic cell death was assessed by annexin V-FITC/PI double staining, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), expression levels of Bcl-2 and pro-caspase-3 and by terminal transferase mediated dUTP-fluorescein nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Underlying mechanism in maysin-induced apoptosis of PC-3 cells was explored by evaluating its effects on Akt and ERK pathway. Maysin dose-dependently reduced the PC-3 cell viability, with an 87% reduction at 200 μg/ml. Maysin treatment significantly induced apoptotic cell death, DNA fragmentation, depolarization of MMP, and reduction in Bcl-2 and pro-caspase-3 expression levels. Maysin also significantly attenuated phosphorylation of Akt and ERK. A combined treatment with maysin and other known anti-cancer agents, including 5-FU, etoposide, cisplatin, or camptothecin, synergistically enhanced PC-3 cell death. These results suggested for the first time that maysin inhibits the PC-3 cancer cell growth via stimulation of mitochondria-dependent apoptotic cell death and may have a strong therapeutic potential for the treatment of either chemo-resistant or androgen-independent human prostate cancer. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

X-ray-induced specific-locus mutations in the ad-3 region of two-component heterokaryons of Neurospora crassa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Serres, F.J. de

1989-01-01

More extensive genetic tests have been preformed on a series of 832 X-ray-induced specific-locus mutations in the ad-3 region of a 2-component heterokaryon of Neurospora crassa, reported earlier. Using new tester strains and techniques for performing large-scale genetic tests to characterize ad-3 mutants induced in 2-component heterokaryons, new data have been obtained on this sample of X-ray-induced mutants. These new data show that unexpectedly high frequencies of both single-locus mutations and multilocus deletions in the ad-3 region have addition, but separate, sites of recessive lethal damage in the imeediately adjacent genetic regions. The frequencies of these X-ray-induced multiple-locus mutants in the ad-3 region are orders of magnitude higher than expected on the basis of target theory and classical models of chromosome structure during interphase. Current models of interphase chromosome structure in higher eukaryotes as revealed by chromosome 'painting' offer a possible explanation of the Neurospora data. (author). 25 refs.; 5 figs

Tratamiento osteopático visceral frente al tratamiento farmacológico en el estreñimiento crónico funcional pediátrico

OpenAIRE

Blanco Díaz, María

2014-01-01

INTRODUCCIÓN El estreñimiento crónico funcional infantil presenta una alta prevalencia y genera importantes problemas sociales y económicos. El impacto del estreñimiento en la calidad de vida es significativo y comparable con otras patologías crónicas comunes. OBJETIVOS Evaluar la eficacia y resultado del tratamiento osteopático y el farmacológico en el estreñimiento crónico funcional infantil con referencia al patrón defecatorio, calidad de las heces, efectos secundarios y calidad de vida...

Inteligencia emocional y afrontamiento del estrés

OpenAIRE

Gutierrez Villarreal, Jorge Ivan; Sanabria Cuervo, Diego Felipe

2014-01-01

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es realizar una revisión teórica de los estudios que han elaborado un análisis acerca de la Inteligencia Emocional con la capacidad para afrontar situaciones generadoras de estrés. Los diferentes estudios muestran que niveles altos en Inteligencia Emocional se relacionan con estrategias de afrontamiento basadas en el análisis y resolución de conflictos, mientras que niveles bajos de inteligencia emocional se relacionan con estrategias de afrontamiento ba...

Diferencias de género en la percepción de estrés y estrategias de afrontamiento en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal que reciben quimioterapia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sonia Betzabeth Ticona Benavente

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: verificar si existen diferencias de género en la percepción de estrés y estrategias de afrontamiento; identificar las estra- tegias de afrontamiento y las variables clínicas y sociodemográficas que influyen sobre el estrés de pacientes con cáncer colorrectal en quimioterapia. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal con abordaje cuantitativo. Conformaron la muestra 100 pacientes, 47 mujeres y 53 hombres, de la unidad ambulatoria de quimioterapia del AC Camargo Cancer Center , Brasil. Se utilizó la Escala de Estrés Percibido (PSS-10 e Inventario de Estrategias de Coping. El análisis estadístico fue mediante el test-t, correlación de Pearson y regresión linear con 95 % de intervalo de confianza. Resultados: Las mujeres tuvieron más altos niveles de estrés (p = 0,029, y no hubo diferencia de género en las estrategias de afrontamiento. Adicionalmente, identificamos influencia positiva al estrés percibido en pacientes comprometidos con otras enfermedades ( β = 3,50, p = 0,00, género femenino ( β = 3,15, p = 0,04, viudos ( β = 9,19, p = 0,00, tratamiento con fluorou- racil ( β = 6,36, p = 0,00, que usan estrategias de dominio del afrontamiento ( β = 0,70, p = 0,00, aceptación de responsabilidad ( β = 0,45, p = 0,01 y estadio del tumor III ( β = 4,03, p = 0,05. Conclusiones: el equipo de enfermería oncológica, por estar en estrecho y prolongado contacto con los pacientes, debe considerar el género y las características clínicas y sociodemográficas de cada paciente durante su cuidado.

Actualización sobre estreñimiento crónico funcional en niños

OpenAIRE

Carlos Alberto Velasco

2005-01-01

El estreñimiento crónico es un problema frecuente en la edad pediátrica; 95% de los casos es funcional, es decir, no debido a causas orgánicas, anatómicas o por ingesta de alimentos. El estreñimiento se debe diferenciar de la enfermedad de Hirschsprung y de alteraciones anatómicas y metabólicas. La evaluación clínica incluye una historia clínica completa, examen físico adecuado y paraclínicos como radiología, manometría anorrectal y biopsia rectal. El manejo incluye cambios en el medio ambien...

The Ties that Bind (the Igh Locus).

Science.gov (United States)

Krangel, Michael S

2016-05-01

Immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus V(D)J recombination requires a 3D chromatin organization which permits widely distributed variable (V) gene segments to contact distant diversity (D) and joining (J) gene segments. A recent study has identified key nodes in the locus interactome, paving the way for new molecular insights into how the locus is configured for recombination. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Estrés académico y sus manifestaciones inmunológicas: La evidencia de la psico-neuro-endocrino-inmunología

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eduardo Castrillón

2015-06-01

Full Text Available El estrés se reconoce como un proceso fisiopatológico que ocurre cuando un individuo se enfrenta a demandas ambientales que sobrepasan sus recursos, haciendo que el cuerpo emita una respuesta, la cual implica la activación fisiológica y cognitiva del cuerpo, (sistema nervioso central, sistema endocrino y sistema inmunológico, para actuar de manera más rápida y enérgica a las exigencias de la situación, por lo tanto esta respuesta es de naturaleza sistémica y trae una serie de consecuencias metabólicas tales como aumento de la síntesis de esteroides y un estado de inflamación crónica, por lo que el estrés psicológico se considera un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas. El estrés psicológico en un campo académico, se denomina estrés académico.

Evaluación y tratamiento del estreñimiento en niños.

OpenAIRE

Fabiola M. Barboza

2009-01-01

El estreñimiento es una condición que se deriva de una dificultad para evacuar las heces y/o de una retención fecal anómala. Consiste en el paso de heces duras, defecación dolorosa o con una frecuencia inferior a 3 veces por semana, que se puede acompañar o no de incontinencia fecal. Aproximadamente 3% de la consulta pediátrica general y 25% de la consulta del gastroenterólogo pediatra se hace por desórdenes en las evacuaciones, pero sólo en una pequeña minoría hay etiología orgánica. Al Hosp...

Indicadores de vulnerabilidad al estrés en directivos y su relación con factores de estrés organizacional

OpenAIRE

Hernández Estrada, Anaisel; Díaz Rojas, Amelis

2012-01-01

El estrés es uno de los factores de riesgo más importantes para la mayoría de las enfermedades, provoca una respuesta del organismo a condiciones externas que perturban el equilibrio emocional de la persona. Sus consecuencias afectan la vida del individuo, dentro de ella, su esfera laboral, con su influencia en la efectividad productiva de los directivos de forma destacada, entorpeciendo suscapacidades para la toma de decisiones, el pensamiento flexible, la creatividad, motivación y la salud....

Estrés y nivel de conciencia plena en profesionales de atención primaria que siguen mindfulness

OpenAIRE

Pérula-Jiménez, C.; Pérula, L.A.; Jiménez, C.; Vaquero-Abellán, M.

2017-01-01

Introducción: El personal sanitario sufre altos niveles de estrés laboral, debido a la implicación psicológica/emocional que conlleva su trabajo y aspectos relacionados con la organización. Potenciando la autoconciencia del profesional se facilita un mayor autocuidado y autocontrol, factores protectores frente al estrés; con este enfoque destacan las intervenciones basadas en el mindfulness, entrenamiento de autoconciencia que desarrolla efectos psicológicos positivos. Nuestro objetivo fue de...

Investigation of the association between the GLC3A locus and normal tension glaucoma in Japanese patients by microsatellite analysis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

M Kamio

2009-01-01

(NTG in Japanese patients.Materials and Methods: One hundred forty-two Japanese patients with NTG and 101 Japanese healthy controls were recruited. Patients exhibiting a comparatively early onset were selected as this suggests that genetic factors may show stronger involvement. Genotyping and assessment of allelic diversity was performed on 13 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers in and around the GLC3A locus.Results: There were decreased frequencies of the 444 allele of D2S0416i and the 258 allele of D2S0425i in cases compared to controls (P = 0.022 and P = 0.034, respectively. However, this statistical significance disappeared when corrected (Pc > 0.05. We did not find any significant association between the remaining 11 microsatellite markers, including D2S177, which may be associated with CYP1B1, and NTG (P > 0.05.Conclusions: Our study showed no association between the GLCA3 locus and NTG, suggesting that the CYP1B1 gene, which is reportedly involved in a range of glaucoma phenotypes, may not be an associated factor in the pathogenesis of NTG.Keywords: GLCA3, microsatellite, normal tension glaucoma, polymorphism

E-string theory on Riemann surfaces

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Hee-Cheol; Vafa, Cumrun [Jefferson Physical Laboratory, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA (United States); Razamat, Shlomo S. [Physics Department, Technion, Haifa (Israel); Zafrir, Gabi [Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, the University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba (Japan)

2018-01-15

We study compactifications of the 6d E-string theory, the theory of a small E{sub 8} instanton, to four dimensions. In particular we identify N = 1 field theories in four dimensions corresponding to compactifications on arbitrary Riemann surfaces with punctures and with arbitrary non-abelian flat connections as well as fluxes for the abelian sub-groups of the E{sub 8} flavor symmetry. This sheds light on emergent symmetries in a number of 4d N = 1 SCFTs (including the 'E7 surprise' theory) as well as leads to new predictions for a large number of 4-dimensional exceptional dualities and symmetries. (copyright 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

ID4 promotes AR expression and blocks tumorigenicity of PC3 prostate cancer cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Komaragiri, Shravan Kumar; Bostanthirige, Dhanushka H.; Morton, Derrick J.; Patel, Divya; Joshi, Jugal; Upadhyay, Sunil; Chaudhary, Jaideep

2016-01-01

Deregulation of tumor suppressor genes is associated with tumorigenesis and the development of cancer. In prostate cancer, ID4 is epigenetically silenced and acts as a tumor suppressor. In normal prostate epithelial cells, ID4 collaborates with androgen receptor (AR) and p53 to exert its tumor suppressor activity. Previous studies have shown that ID4 promotes tumor suppressive function of AR whereas loss of ID4 results in tumor promoter activity of AR. Previous study from our lab showed that ectopic ID4 expression in DU145 attenuates proliferation and promotes AR expression suggesting that ID4 dependent AR activity is tumor suppressive. In this study, we examined the effect of ectopic expression of ID4 on highly malignant prostate cancer cell, PC3. Here we show that stable overexpression of ID4 in PC3 cells leads to increased apoptosis and decreased cell proliferation and migration. In addition, in vivo studies showed a decrease in tumor size and volume of ID4 overexpressing PC3 cells, in nude mice. At the molecular level, these changes were associated with increased androgen receptor (AR), p21, and AR dependent FKBP51 expression. At the mechanistic level, ID4 may regulate the expression or function of AR through specific but yet unknown AR co-regulators that may determine the final outcome of AR function. - Highlights: • ID4 expression induces AR expression in PC3 cells, which generally lack AR. • ID4 expression increased apoptosis and decreased cell proliferation and invasion. • Overexpression of ID4 reduces tumor growth of subcutaneous xenografts in vivo. • ID4 induces p21 and FKBP51 expression- co-factors of AR tumor suppressor activity.

ID4 promotes AR expression and blocks tumorigenicity of PC3 prostate cancer cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Komaragiri, Shravan Kumar; Bostanthirige, Dhanushka H.; Morton, Derrick J.; Patel, Divya; Joshi, Jugal; Upadhyay, Sunil; Chaudhary, Jaideep, E-mail: jchaudhary@cau.edu

2016-09-09

Deregulation of tumor suppressor genes is associated with tumorigenesis and the development of cancer. In prostate cancer, ID4 is epigenetically silenced and acts as a tumor suppressor. In normal prostate epithelial cells, ID4 collaborates with androgen receptor (AR) and p53 to exert its tumor suppressor activity. Previous studies have shown that ID4 promotes tumor suppressive function of AR whereas loss of ID4 results in tumor promoter activity of AR. Previous study from our lab showed that ectopic ID4 expression in DU145 attenuates proliferation and promotes AR expression suggesting that ID4 dependent AR activity is tumor suppressive. In this study, we examined the effect of ectopic expression of ID4 on highly malignant prostate cancer cell, PC3. Here we show that stable overexpression of ID4 in PC3 cells leads to increased apoptosis and decreased cell proliferation and migration. In addition, in vivo studies showed a decrease in tumor size and volume of ID4 overexpressing PC3 cells, in nude mice. At the molecular level, these changes were associated with increased androgen receptor (AR), p21, and AR dependent FKBP51 expression. At the mechanistic level, ID4 may regulate the expression or function of AR through specific but yet unknown AR co-regulators that may determine the final outcome of AR function. - Highlights: • ID4 expression induces AR expression in PC3 cells, which generally lack AR. • ID4 expression increased apoptosis and decreased cell proliferation and invasion. • Overexpression of ID4 reduces tumor growth of subcutaneous xenografts in vivo. • ID4 induces p21 and FKBP51 expression- co-factors of AR tumor suppressor activity.

Vitaminas y minerales contra el estrés

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jose Antonio Espinosa Hernández

2001-04-01

Full Text Available Se define el estrés como tal, así como los tipos de tratamientos para este. Se expresan las relaciones entre las multivitaminas y minerales y el estr��s y se dan criterios sobre su uso. Se concluye que los principales medicamentos antiestrés encontrados contienen las vitaminas E, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B12,C, ácido fólico y minerales cinc y hierro; entre los principales fabricantes se encuentran: Lederle, Rugby, Ayerst, Scherin, Vicks Health Care, Goldline, Squibbs, Miles Inc. y Natural Life.The stress as such, as well as the types of treatment are defined. The relations between the multivitamins and minerals and the stress are described and criteria about their use are given. It is concluded that the main antistress drugs found contain vitamins E, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B12, C, folic acid and the minerals zinc and iron. Lederle, Rugny, Ayerst, Scherin, Vicks Health Care, Goldline, Squibbs, Miles Inc. and Natural Life are among the main manufacturers.

A human Polycomb isoform lacking the Pc box does not participate to PRC1 complexes but forms protein assemblies and represses transcription

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Völkel, Pamela; Le Faou, Perrine; Vandamme, Julien

2012-01-01

site for the PRC1 protein complex. Drosophila core PRC1 is composed of four subunits: Polycomb (Pc), Posterior sex combs (Psc), Polyhomeotic (Ph) and Sex combs extra (Sce). Each of these proteins has multiple orthologs in vertebrates, thus generating an enormous scope for potential combinatorial...... diversity. In particular, mammalian genomes encode five Pc family members: CBX2, CBX4, CBX6, CBX7 and CBX8. To complicate matters further, distinct isoforms might arise from single genes. Here, we address the functional role of the two human CBX2 isoforms. Owing to different polyadenylation sites...... and alternative splicing events, the human CBX2 locus produces two transcripts: a 5-exon transcript that encodes the 532-amino acid CBX2-1 isoform that contains the conserved chromodomain and Pc box and a 4-exon transcript encoding a shorter isoform, CBX2-2, lacking the Pc box but still possessing a chromodomain...

Estrés laboral: Funcionarios de instituciones penitenciarias

OpenAIRE

Rodríguez Murciego, Estela

2016-01-01

El estrés laboral es uno de los principales riesgos identificados en el mundo laboral de la sociedad actual. Varios puestos de trabajo llevan consigo asociadas una serie de responsabilidades y de un número elevado de tareas en proporción a la jornada laboral, las interacciones entre distintas personas no siempre son sencillas y otros factores hacen que los trabajadores no siempre puedan sentirse a gusto en su lugar de trabajo habitual. Por este motivo y dado el incremento de casos en los ú...

Nivel de estrés en docentes de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú

OpenAIRE

Gutierrez Azabache, María Graciela

2010-01-01

El presente trabajo de investigación titulado Nivel de estrés en docentes de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú se suscita ante el interés personal por conocer el nivel de estrés de los docentes universitarios que conforman la muestra de nuestro estudio, aspecto al cual no se le ha brindado hasta el momento la atención debida, a pesar de ser considerado por numerosas fuentes como uno de los mayores problemas de nuestro tiempo. La investigación pretende, como objetivo general, con...

El estrés oxidativo como posible diana terapéutica en la osteoporosis asociada al envejecimiento

OpenAIRE

Portal-Núñez, S.; de la Fuente, M.; Díez, A.; Esbrit, P.

2016-01-01

La osteoporosis senil o involutiva es un problema de primera magnitud en el mundo desarrollado. Estudios recientes apuntan al aumento del estrés oxidativo asociado al envejecimiento -cronológico o biológico- como un factor importante en su desarrollo. En esta revisión nos centraremos en las alteraciones del tejido óseo con la edad, en el origen del estrés oxidativo y su influencia negativa en el tejido óseo. Finalmente, abordaremos las posibles terapias antiestrés oxidativo que actualmente se...

Estrés parental, interacciones diádicas al comer y desnutrición en el periodo de alimentación complementaria

OpenAIRE

Cortés-Moreno, Assol; Méndez-Lozano, Sergio Manuel

2011-01-01

Este estudio tuvo como propósito evaluar el papel del estrés de la crianza y las interacciones madre-hijo en el estado de nutrición de una muestra de infantes. Participaron niños entre 6 y 18 meses de edad, 20 eutróficos y 40 desnutridos, y sus cuidadores; 27 díadas provenían de una zona urbana y 33 de una zona suburbana marginal. Se evaluó el estrés de la crianza empleando el Índice de Estrés Parental de Abidin (IEP). Se registraron en video las interacciones diádicas durante la comida para ...

El niño con ¿estreñimiento crónico severo o enfermedad de Hirschsprung? The child with chronic severe constipation or Hirschsprung's disease?

OpenAIRE

L. de la Torre-Mondragón

2010-01-01

La comunidad médica mundial esta acostumbrada a pensar en el estreñimiento como una enfermedad y actuar en consecuencia. Sin embargo, debemos entender que el estreñimiento no es una enfermedad. El estreñimiento es un síntoma que se define como “la dificultad para vaciar de manera completa y placentera el contenido del recto” y para fines etiológicos es un síndrome...

Papel del estrés oxidativo y del coenzima q en la patología asociada a procesos neurodegenerativos y neurooncológicos

OpenAIRE

Frontiñan Rubio, Javier

2016-01-01

El estrés oxidativo subyace a una gran variedad de enfermedades, entre las que destacan las enfermedades neurodegenerativas y el cáncer. En la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA), el estrés oxidativo aparece en etapas muy iniciales de la enfermedad y está asociado con alteraciones clave como la patología vascular. El p-amiloide (FA), proteína patológica de la EA, es un fuerte inductor de estrés oxidativo y de la patología vascular. El glioblastoma multiforme, es el principal tipo tumora I del si...

Estrés ocupacional: una perspectiva ergonómica y su protección en el diseño organizacional

OpenAIRE

Aguayo-González, Francisco; Lama-Ruiz, Juan Ramón

1996-01-01

Si utilizamos los conocimientos existentes acerca del estrés ocupacional como parámetros de ergonomía a tener en cuenta en el momento del diseño de la organización, e incluso como argumento a tener en cuenta en sucesivas ingenierías de la misma, se puede minimizar el riesgo de estrés en el entorno de trabajo.

Indicadores del estrés oxidativo en pacientes afectados por VIH/sida con manifestaciones reumatológicas

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Olga Pomier Suárez

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Introducción: el estrés oxidativo se ha reconocido como cofactor en la progresión de la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH y en las manifestaciones reumatológicas. Objetivo: valorar los indicadores del estrés oxidativo en los pacientes afectados por VIH con manifestaciones reumatológicas. Métodos: se estudiaron 31 pacientes VIH con manifestaciones reumatológicas y se compararon los índices evaluados con un grupo control, 31 individuos aparentemente sanos. Los pacientes fueron clasificados según los siguientes criterios de actividad: escala de actividad de la enfermedad para manifestaciones reumatológicas, e índice de actividad de enfermedad y la escala visual analógica de dolor nocturno para manifestaciones reumatológicas. Las concentraciones plasmáticas de los indicadores de estrés oxidativo fueron cuantificadas mediante técnicas espectrofotométricas y el análisis estadístico realizado, mediante el programa estadístico SPSS 13. Resultados: los pacientes VIH evaluados presentaron un estrés oxidativo de moderado a severo, caracterizado por aumento significativo de los parámetros indicadores de daño oxidativo y disminución de los sistemas antioxidantes (p< 0,05, con respecto a lo evaluado en un grupo de pacientes supuestamente sanos relacionado en edad y género. No se encontró significación estadística en los estudios de asociación de las manifestaciones reumatológicas, el tiempo transcurrido desde el diagnóstico confirmado de la infección por el VIH y género, conteo de linfocitos T CD4+ ni la carga viral. Conclusiones: los datos muestran que los indicadores del proceso de estrés oxidativo empleados en los pacientes afectados por VIH con manifestaciones reumatológicas, podrían ser útiles en su seguimiento y tratamiento.

PC-ECONPACK Version 3.0 Users Manual.

Science.gov (United States)

1991-11-01

for inclusi on in cost sensitivity analysis UPDer Limit of the Change (%). PC-ECONPACK varies all the stipulated expense items both in an upward...Assumptions as stated in the Assumptions text information block. This section is used to discuss why certain alternatives were selected for inclusi ,n in the

Evaluación del estrés en los estudiantes de enfermería durante les prácticas clínicas: estudio descriptivo

OpenAIRE

González Domínguez, Sandra

2017-01-01

Introducción: Numerosos autores evidencian que, a diferencia de otras disciplinas, los estudiantes de enfermería experimentan mayores niveles de estrés. Por lo tanto, durante la formación de los estudiantes de enfermería, es fundamental estudiar la incidencia del estrés y sus síntomas; así como conocer los principales desencadenantes de estrés durante las prácticas, para favorecer el aprendizaje y así contribuir a la salud laboral de los futuros profesionales. Objetivos: Conocer la prevale...

Quality assessment of platelet concentrates prepared by platelet rich plasma-platelet concentrate, buffy coat poor-platelet concentrate (BC-PC and apheresis-PC methods

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Singh Ravindra

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Platelet rich plasma-platelet concentrate (PRP-PC, buffy coat poor-platelet concentrate (BC-PC, and apheresis-PC were prepared and their quality parameters were assessed. Study Design: In this study, the following platelet products were prepared: from random donor platelets (i platelet rich plasma - platelet concentrate (PRP-PC, and (ii buffy coat poor- platelet concentrate (BC-PC and (iii single donor platelets (apheresis-PC by different methods. Their quality was assessed using the following parameters: swirling, volume of the platelet concentrate, platelet count, WBC count and pH. Results: A total of 146 platelet concentrates (64 of PRP-PC, 62 of BC-PC and 20 of apheresis-PC were enrolled in this study. The mean volume of PRP-PC, BC-PC and apheresis-PC was 62.30±22.68 ml, 68.81±22.95 ml and 214.05±9.91 ml and ranged from 22-135 ml, 32-133 ml and 200-251 ml respectively. The mean platelet count of PRP-PC, BC-PC and apheresis-PC was 7.6±2.97 x 1010/unit, 7.3±2.98 x 1010/unit and 4.13±1.32 x 1011/unit and ranged from 3.2-16.2 x 1010/unit, 0.6-16.4 x 1010/unit and 1.22-8.9 x 1011/unit respectively. The mean WBC count in PRP-PC (n = 10, BC-PC (n = 10 and apheresis-PC (n = 6 units was 4.05±0.48 x 107/unit, 2.08±0.39 x 107/unit and 4.8±0.8 x 106/unit and ranged from 3.4 -4.77 x 107/unit, 1.6-2.7 x 107/unit and 3.2 - 5.2 x 106/unit respectively. A total of 26 units were analyzed for pH changes. Out of these units, 10 each were PRP-PC and BC-PC and 6 units were apheresis-PC. Their mean pH was 6.7±0.26 (mean±SD and ranged from 6.5 - 7.0 and no difference was observed among all three types of platelet concentrate. Conclusion: PRP-PC and BC-PC units were comparable in terms of swirling, platelet count per unit and pH. As expected, we found WBC contamination to be less in BC-PC than PRP-PC units. Variation in volume was more in BC-PC than PRP-PC units and this suggests that further standardization is required for preparation of BC-PC

Enhanced tumor targeting of cRGD peptide-conjugated albumin nanoparticles in the BxPC-3 cell line.

Science.gov (United States)

Yu, Xinzhe; Song, Yunlong; Di, Yang; He, Hang; Fu, Deliang; Jin, Chen

2016-08-12

The emerging albumin nanoparticle brings new hope for the delivery of antitumor drugs. However, a lack of robust tumor targeting greatly limits its application. In this paper, cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic-conjugated, gemcitabine-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles (cRGD-Gem-HSA-NPs) were successfully prepared, characterized, and tested in vitro in the BxPC-3 cell line. Initially, 4-N-myristoyl-gemcitabine (Gem-C14) was formed by conjugating myristoyl to the 4-amino group of gemcitabine. Then, cRGD-HSA was synthesized using sulfosuccinimidyl-(4-N-maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate (Sulfo-SMCC) cross-linkers. Finally, cRGD-Gem-HSA-NPs were formulated based on the nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) technology. The resulting NPs were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, and drug loading efficiency. In vitro cellular uptake and inhibition studies were conducted to compare Gem-HSA-NPs and cRGD-Gem-HSA-NPs in a human pancreatic cancer cell line (BxPC-3). The cRGD-Gem-HSA-NPs exhibited an average particle size of 160 ± 23 nm. The encapsulation rate and drug loading rate were approximately 83 ± 5.6% and 11 ± 4.2%, respectively. In vitro, the cRGD-anchored NPs exhibited a significantly greater affinity for the BxPC-3 cells compared to non-targeted NPs and free drug. The cRGD-Gem-HSA-NPs also showed the strongest inhibitory effect in the BxPC-3 cells among all the analyzed groups. The improved efficacy of cRGD-Gem-HSA-NPs in the BxPC-3 cell line warrants further in vivo investigations.

Interactions between Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci and associations of selected molecular markers with quality traits in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) DH lines.

Science.gov (United States)

Krystkowiak, Karolina; Langner, Monika; Adamski, Tadeusz; Salmanowicz, Bolesław P; Kaczmarek, Zygmunt; Krajewski, Paweł; Surma, Maria

2017-02-01

The quality of wheat depends on a large complex of genes and environmental factors. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci controlling technological quality traits and their stability across environments, and to assess the impact of interaction between alleles at loci Glu-1 and Glu-3 on grain quality. DH lines were evaluated in field experiments over a period of 4 years, and genotyped using simple sequence repeat markers. Lines were analysed for grain yield (GY), thousand grain weight (TGW), protein content (PC), starch content (SC), wet gluten content (WG), Zeleny sedimentation value (ZS), alveograph parameter W (APW), hectolitre weight (HW), and grain hardness (GH). A number of QTLs for these traits were identified in all chromosome groups. The Glu-D1 locus influenced TGW, PC, SC, WG, ZS, APW, GH, while locus Glu-B1 affected only PC, ZS, and WG. Most important marker-trait associations were found on chromosomes 1D and 5D. Significant effects of interaction between Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci on technological properties were recorded, and in all types of this interaction positive effects of Glu-D1 locus on grain quality were observed, whereas effects of Glu-B1 locus depended on alleles at Glu-3 loci. Effects of Glu-A3 and Glu-D3 loci per se were not significant, while their interaction with alleles present at other loci encoding HMW and LMW were important. These results indicate that selection of wheat genotypes with predicted good bread-making properties should be based on the allelic composition both in Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci, and confirm the predominant effect of Glu-D1d allele on technological properties of wheat grains.

Effects of the radiolysis products of sennoside A on HepG2 and PC-3 cell

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kim, Dong Ho; Jo, Min Ho

2016-01-01

Radiolysis of sennoside A was carried out by gamma irradiation and the anti-cancer activities of the radiolysis product were evaluated. An aqueous solution of sennoside A was exposed to 0.5-3 kGy of gamma irradiation and the radiolysis products were analyzed by HPLC. A fraction of radiolysis product (RLF) of sennoside A was isolated and the RLF was presumed as a rhein-8-β-D-glucoside. The anticancer effect of the RLF was compared with the sennoside and rhein using a in vitro assay system of human prostate cancer cells (PC-3) and human hepatoma HepG2 cells. The cell viability of PC-3 and HepG2 cell was significantly decreased to 12.4±1.2% and 32.4±2.1%, respectively, by the treatment of 0.6 μM of RLF. The sennoside A (range from 0 to 25 μM) had no cytotoxic effect on PC-3 and HepG2 cells, while the rhein had the effect on HepG2 cells with a LD_5_0 at 80 μM

Effects of the radiolysis products of sennoside A on HepG2 and PC-3 cell

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kim, Dong Ho; Jo, Min Ho [Research Division for Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup (Korea, Republic of)

2016-11-15

Radiolysis of sennoside A was carried out by gamma irradiation and the anti-cancer activities of the radiolysis product were evaluated. An aqueous solution of sennoside A was exposed to 0.5-3 kGy of gamma irradiation and the radiolysis products were analyzed by HPLC. A fraction of radiolysis product (RLF) of sennoside A was isolated and the RLF was presumed as a rhein-8-β-D-glucoside. The anticancer effect of the RLF was compared with the sennoside and rhein using a in vitro assay system of human prostate cancer cells (PC-3) and human hepatoma HepG2 cells. The cell viability of PC-3 and HepG2 cell was significantly decreased to 12.4±1.2% and 32.4±2.1%, respectively, by the treatment of 0.6 μM of RLF. The sennoside A (range from 0 to 25 μM) had no cytotoxic effect on PC-3 and HepG2 cells, while the rhein had the effect on HepG2 cells with a LD{sub 50} at 80 μM.

Glucose-6-Phosphatase Catalytic Subunit 3 (G6PC3 Deficiency Associated With Autoinflammatory Complications

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Anoop Mistry

2017-11-01

Full Text Available G6PC3 deficiency typically causes severe congenital neutropenia, associated with susceptibility to infections, cardiac and urogenital abnormalities. However, here we describe two boys of Pakistani origin who were found to have G6PC3 deficiency due to c.130 C>T mutation, but who have clinical phenotypes that are typical for a systemic autoinflammatory syndrome. The index case presented with combination of unexplained fevers, severe mucosal ulcers, abdominal symptoms, and inflammatory arthritis. He eventually fully responded to anti-TNF therapy. In this study, we show that compared with healthy controls, neutrophils and monocytes from patients have reduced glycolytic reserve. Considering that healthy myeloid cells have been shown to switch their metabolic pathways to glycolysis in response to inflammatory cues, we studied what impact this might have on production of the inflammatory cytokines. We have demonstrated that patients’ monocytes, in response to lipopolysaccharide, show significantly increased production of IL-1β and IL-18, which is NLRP3 inflammasome dependent. Furthermore, additional whole blood assays have also shown an enhanced production of IL-6 and TNF from the patients’ cells. These cases provide further proof that autoinflammatory complications are also seen within the spectrum of primary immune deficiencies, and resulting from a wider dysregulation of the immune responses.

Glucose-6-Phosphatase Catalytic Subunit 3 (G6PC3) Deficiency Associated With Autoinflammatory Complications.

Science.gov (United States)

Mistry, Anoop; Scambler, Thomas; Parry, David; Wood, Mark; Barcenas-Morales, Gabriela; Carter, Clive; Doffinger, Rainer; Savic, Sinisa

2017-01-01

G6PC3 deficiency typically causes severe congenital neutropenia, associated with susceptibility to infections, cardiac and urogenital abnormalities. However, here we describe two boys of Pakistani origin who were found to have G6PC3 deficiency due to c.130 C>T mutation, but who have clinical phenotypes that are typical for a systemic autoinflammatory syndrome. The index case presented with combination of unexplained fevers, severe mucosal ulcers, abdominal symptoms, and inflammatory arthritis. He eventually fully responded to anti-TNF therapy. In this study, we show that compared with healthy controls, neutrophils and monocytes from patients have reduced glycolytic reserve. Considering that healthy myeloid cells have been shown to switch their metabolic pathways to glycolysis in response to inflammatory cues, we studied what impact this might have on production of the inflammatory cytokines. We have demonstrated that patients' monocytes, in response to lipopolysaccharide, show significantly increased production of IL-1β and IL-18, which is NLRP3 inflammasome dependent. Furthermore, additional whole blood assays have also shown an enhanced production of IL-6 and TNF from the patients' cells. These cases provide further proof that autoinflammatory complications are also seen within the spectrum of primary immune deficiencies, and resulting from a wider dysregulation of the immune responses.

Intestino de estrés

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Vivian R. Mena Miranda

Full Text Available El intestino se considera el mayor reservorio de gérmenes del organismo, aunque también desempeña un papel protagónico en la nutrición y regulación inmunológica. La isquemia intestinal es un factor predisponente de la disfunción múltiple de órganos (DMO, pues al redistribuirse el flujo sanguíneo para garantizar la perfusión de los órganos vitales se produce la liberación de mediadores de la inflamación y de endotoxinas, capaces de desencadenar un síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica con severas alteraciones hemodinámicas. La perfusión y nutrición enteral precoz se siguen considerando los 2 aspectos más importantes en la prevención del intestino de estrés.

The H3K27me3 demethylase JMJD3 contributes to the activation of the INK4A-ARF locus in response to oncogene- and stress-induced senescence

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Agger, Karl; Cloos, Paul A C; Rudkjaer, Lise

2009-01-01

The tumor suppressor proteins p16INK4A and p14ARF, encoded by the INK4A-ARF locus, are key regulators of cellular senescence. The locus is epigenetically silenced by the repressive H3K27me3 mark in normally growing cells, but becomes activated in response to oncogenic stress. Here, we show that e...... in mouse embryonic fibroblasts results in suppression of p16Ink4a and p19Arf expression and in their immortalization....

Functional Analysis of Mouse G6pc1 Mutations Using a Novel In Situ Assay for Glucose-6-Phosphatase Activity and the Effect of Mutations in Conserved Human G6PC1/G6PC2 Amino Acids on G6PC2 Protein Expression.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kayla A Boortz

Full Text Available Elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG has been associated with increased risk for development of type 2 diabetes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs in G6PC2 are the most important common determinants of variations in FBG in humans. Studies using G6pc2 knockout mice suggest that G6pc2 regulates the glucose sensitivity of insulin secretion. G6PC2 and the related G6PC1 and G6PC3 genes encode glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunits. This study describes a functional analysis of 22 non-synonymous G6PC2 SNPs, that alter amino acids that are conserved in human G6PC1, mouse G6pc1 and mouse G6pc2, with the goal of identifying variants that potentially affect G6PC2 activity/expression. Published data suggest strong conservation of catalytically important amino acids between all four proteins and the related G6PC3 isoform. Because human G6PC2 has very low glucose-6-phosphatase activity we used an indirect approach, examining the effect of these SNPs on mouse G6pc1 activity. Using a novel in situ functional assay for glucose-6-phosphatase activity we demonstrate that the amino acid changes associated with the human G6PC2 rs144254880 (Arg79Gln, rs149663725 (Gly114Arg and rs2232326 (Ser324Pro SNPs reduce mouse G6pc1 enzyme activity without affecting protein expression. The Arg79Gln variant alters an amino acid mutation of which, in G6PC1, has previously been shown to cause glycogen storage disease type 1a. We also demonstrate that the rs368382511 (Gly8Glu, rs138726309 (His177Tyr, rs2232323 (Tyr207Ser rs374055555 (Arg293Trp, rs2232326 (Ser324Pro, rs137857125 (Pro313Leu and rs2232327 (Pro340Leu SNPs confer decreased G6PC2 protein expression. In summary, these studies identify multiple G6PC2 variants that have the potential to be associated with altered FBG in humans.

Changes of Gene Expression in the Apoptosis Pathway in Lncap and PC3 Cells Exposed to X-Rays or Protons

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Ye; Rohde, Larry H.; Mehta, Satish K.; Pierson, Duane L.; Wu, Honglu

2009-01-01

Radio-resistant or recurrent prostate cancer represents a serious health risk for approximately 20%-30% of patients treated with primary radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer. In our current studies, we investigated the expressions of apoptosis related gene expression profile (84 genes) in two distinct prostate cell lines Lncap (P53+ and AR+) and PC3 (P53- and AR-) before and after exposure to X-rays or protons, using cDNA PCR arrays. In Lncap cells, 10Gy X-ray radiation significantly induced the expression of 19 out of 84 genes at 4h after irradiation. The changed genes were mostly in death and death receptor domain families, TNF ligand and receptor families, and apoptotic group of the BCL2 family, especially in P53 related genes, such as FAS, BAX, BAK1 and GADD45A. In PC3, X-rays only induced the expression of 3 genes, including an increased expression of BIRC3. There was no difference of the X-ray mediated cell killing in both cell lines using the cell cycle analysis. However, these X-ray-induced gene expression differences between PC3 and Lncap may explain the phenotype of PC3 cells that shows more tolerant not only to radiation, but also to other apoptosis inducing and sensitizing reagents. To compare the effectiveness of cell killing with X-rays, we also exposed PC3 cells to 10Gy protons at the Bragg peak region. Protons did not induce more apoptosis than X-rays for the same dose. In comparison to X-rays, protons significantly altered expressions of 13 genes in PC3, which included decreased expressions of anti-apoptosis genes (BCL2 and BCL2L2), and increased expressions of death and death receptor domain family genes, TNF ligand and receptor family and several kinases (FAS, DAPK1 and RIPK2). These data suggest that proton treatment is more effective in influencing the apoptosis pathways in PC3 cells than X-rays, thus protons may be more effective in the treatment of specific prostate tumor.

Biogenic selenium nanoparticles induce ROS-mediated necroptosis in PC-3 cancer cells through TNF activation.

Science.gov (United States)

Sonkusre, Praveen; Cameotra, Swaranjit Singh

2017-06-07

Selenium is well documented to inhibit cancer at higher doses; however, the mechanism behind this inhibition varies widely depending on the cell type and selenium species. Previously, we have demonstrated that Bacillus licheniformis JS2 derived biogenic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) induce non-apoptotic cell death in prostate adenocarcinoma cell line, PC-3, at a minimal concentration of 2 µg Se/ml, without causing toxicity to the primary cells. However, the mechanism behind its anticancer activity was elusive. Our results have shown that these SeNPs at a concentration of 2 µg Se/ml were able to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated necroptosis in PC-3 cells by gaining cellular internalization. Real-time qPCR analysis showed increased expression of necroptosis associated tumor necrotic factor (TNF) and interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1). An increased expression of RIP1 protein was also observed at the translational level upon SeNP treatment. Moreover, the cell viability was significantly increased in the presence of necroptosis inhibitor, Necrostatin-1. Data suggest that our biogenic SeNPs induce cell death in PC-3 cells by the ROS-mediated activation of necroptosis, independent to RIP3 and MLKL, regulated by a RIP1 kinase.

Síntomas de estrés postraumático en adolescentes expuestos a un terremoto: asociación con autoeficacia, magnitud percibida y miedo

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Cristóbal Guerra

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la relación entre la magnitud percibida, el miedo experimentado, las creencias de autoeficacia y los síntomas de estrés post-traumático en adolescentes. Se esperaba que las creencias de autoeficacia se asociaran con los síntomas de estrés post-traumático y que esta relación fuera mediada por el miedo. Se utilizaron datos que formaban parte de un estudio longitudinal sobre desarrollo normativo en la adolescencia que estaba en curso al momento de ocurrir el terremoto del año 2010 en Chile. Seis meses antes del terremoto, 218 adolescentes respondieron una escala de creencias de autoeficacia y tres meses después del terremoto reportaron la magnitud percibida del terremoto, el miedo experimentado y los síntomas de estrés post-traumático. La magnitud percibida no se asoció al miedo ni a los síntomas de estrés post-traumático, pero las creencias de autoeficacia y el miedo se asociaron con los síntomas de estrés post-traumático. Se apoyó el rol mediador del miedo en la relación entre las creencias de autoeficacia y los síntomas de estrés post-traumático. Estos resultados preliminares sugieren que la prevención orientada a preparar a los adolescentes para enfrentar desastres naturales puede, además de salvar vidas, mejorar la respuesta emocional de aquellos que sobreviven.

Un estudio comparativo del estrés percibido en estudiantes de ciencias administrativas y biológicas en tiempos de violencia

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Marie Leiner de la Cabada

2011-01-01

Full Text Available En estudios anteriores relacionados con estudiantes universitarios se considera que los principales factores que contribuyen al estrés son las exigencias del aprendizaje, el medio universitario per se, la búsqueda de empleo, las relaciones interpersonales y los desórdenes emocionales; sin embargo, existen pocos estudios que consideran los factores globales como el aumento desmedido y por un periodo largo de la violencia en el nivel local atribuida al crimen organizado. En este estudio se comparó el estrés percibido en tres grupos de estudiantes que cursan carreras en ciencias administrativas y biológicas, en tres periodos, incluyendo dos etapas donde la violencia en la ciudad ha sido considerada como extrema. Los resultados indican que existe un incremento de estrés en los estudiantes durante los periodos donde ha aumentado la violencia en el nivel local. El incremento es más evidente en las mujeres que en los hombres, independientemente de la carrera seleccionada. Es importante considerar el posible impacto que este incremento en el estrés puede tener en su formación y salud a corto y largo plazos.

Efectos de la respiración controlada sobre los síntomas de estrés y ansiedad en una población de 55 a 65 años: estudio piloto

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José Ignacio Cea Ugarte

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Este estudio evaluó una terapia, la respiración manejada a voluntad, sobre la ansiedad y el estrés en una población con edades comprendidas entre 55 y 65 años. Un total de 54 sujetos fueron asignados a un grupo de tratamiento, de información sobre estrés, y a un grupo sin intervención. Un diseño experimental con medidas repetidas para la evaluación pretratamiento y postratamiento mostró, después de 3 semanas, un descenso significativo en síntomas de estrés en el grupo experimental. La variabilidad en los grupos y el pequeño número de sesiones podría explicar que no se encontraran diferencias intergrupales significativas.

Seasonal and diurnal dependence of Pc 3-5 magnetic pulsation power at geomagnetically conjugate stations in the auroral zones

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saito, Hiroaki; Sato, Natsuo; Tonegawa, Yutaka; Yoshino, Takeo; Saemundsson, T.

1989-01-01

Seasonal and diurnal variations of Pc 3-5 magnetic pulsation powers have been examined using 2 years of magnetic data from geomagnetically conjugate stations, Syowa in Antarctica and Husafell and Tjoernes in Iceland. The magnetic pulsation powers are found to be relatively higher at the winter hemisphere station than at the summer station. The pulsations observed during equinox show a diurnal dependence, i.e., that the power density is higher in the geomagnetic morning at the stations in Iceland than at Syowa, and this relationship is reversed in the afternoon. The power density ratio of Pc 3 pulsations between the conjugate stations, which is associated with the seasons and with local time, is higher than that of Pc 5. These characteristics can be attributed to the effects of sunlight in the ionosphere, i.e., Pc 3-5 pulsations are shielded when the waves propagate from the magnetosphere to the ground through the sunlit ionosphere

El estrés académico de los estudiantes universitarios de la Universidad Nacional “Hermilio Valdizán" – Huánuco

OpenAIRE

Coletti Escobar, Gabriel

2015-01-01

Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron identificar la prevalencia del estrés académico y sus niveles, así como sus posibles síntomas de estrés reportados por los estudiantes de la Facultad de Psicología y su relación con las estrategias de afrontamiento presentes en el contexto universitario de la Universidad Nacional “Hermilio Valdizán”. Se utilizó el Inventario SISCO del estrés académico elaborado por Barraza (2007), para lo cual se aplicó a una muestra aleatoria de 109 estu...

Procrastinación, estrés y bienestar psicológico en estudiantes de educación superior de Lima y Junín

OpenAIRE

Yarlequé Chocas, Luis Alberto; Javier Alva, Leda; Monroe Avellaneda, Julie Denise; Nuñez Llacuachaqui, Edith Rocío; Navarro García, Linda Loren; Padilla Sánchez, Maribel; Matalinares Calvet, María Luisa; Navarro García, Lizandro Raúl; Campos Cárdenas, Julio

2016-01-01

Esta investigación aborda la relación entre procrastinación, estrés y bienestar psicológico en los estudiantes de educación superior. Se utilizó el método descriptivo con diseños: causal comparativo y correlacional. Se evaluó a 1006 universitarios de Lima y Huancayo, en las variables procrastinación, afrontamiento del estrés y bienestar psicológico. Los resultados mostraron, entre otras cosas que no existe relación estadística entre las tres variables, que el afrontamiento del estrés no depen...

Estrés académico en estudiantes de la Facultad de Farmacia y Bioanálisis, Universidad de los Andes, Mérida-Venezuela

OpenAIRE

Labrador Chacón, Carmen Zulay

2012-01-01

En esta tesis se ha tenido como objetivo, estudiar el estrés académico, así como algunos recursos psicosociales empleados, para su afrontamiento, en estudiantes de la Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida-Venezuela. La muestra estuvo constituida por 856 estudiantes del curso regular, de la Facultad de Farmacia y Bioanálisis. Para la medición del nivel de estrés académico se empleó el Cuestionario de Evaluación del Estrés Académico (CEEA) (Joan De Pablo, 2002). Para medir las variables sociodemográ...

Influencia del estrés académico en el sistema binocular en universitarios de la UVA

OpenAIRE

López Gómez, Alejandra

2017-01-01

Objetivo: El estrés visual, tras trabajo prolongado en cerca, produce modificaciones en el sistema binocular. Esta hipótesis ha sido poco contrastada experimentalmente. El objetivo principal es medir la influencia del estrés académico en estudiantes universitarios de la UVA mediante la medida de la foria. Métodos: Se ha medido la foria en 22 estudiantes, con su corrección habitual, antes y después de un examen, mediante tres métodos: técnica de la varilla de Maddox, técnica de Von Graefe y...

The role of JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway on apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma cell line PC-9 induced by icotinib.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Yuping; Meng, Xia; Shi, Hongyang; Li, Wei; Ming, Zongjuan; Zhong, Yujie; Deng, Wenjing; Zhang, Qiuhong; Fan, Na; Niu, Zequn; Chen, Guo'an; Yang, Shuanying

2016-01-01

The aim of this study is to estimate the role of JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway on apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma induced by icotinib. EGFR mutation was detected in lung adenocarcinoma cell line PC-9 by ARMS assay; The inhibitory rates of cell proliferation of PC-9 cells which were exposed to different concentrations of icotinib (0~100 μMol/L) for different time (24~72 h) respectively were evaluated by MTT assay; Apoptosis of PC-9 cells exposed to different concentrations of icotinib (0, 0.1, 1 and 10 μMol/L) for 48 h were evaluated by TUNEL assay; JAK2, STAT3, Bcl-2, Bax mRNA expressions were evaluated by Real-time PCR assay; The protein levels of P-STAT3 and IL-6 were evaluated by Western-blot assay. Human lung adenocarcinoma cell line PC-9 had an exon 19 deletion mutation in EGFR gene; Followed by treatment of icotinib, the proliferation of PC-9 cells were all inhibited significantly, especially in 48 and 72 h (Picotinib. The most likely mechanism is icotinib inhibited the gene expression levels of JAK2, STAT3 and Bcl-2, so with the P-STAT3 and IL-6 protein levels, and mediated gene Bax overexpression.

Intervención psicoeducativa para disminuir el estrés académico en estudiantes de primer año de Medicina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yanet Díaz Martín

2015-04-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio de intervención en estudiantes de primer año de la carrera Medicina, en el período de noviembre de 2012 a enero de 2013, con el objetivo de implementar una intervención psicoeducativa para disminuir el estrés académico en ellos. Se utilizó un muestreo intencional puro, donde se escogieron 19 estudiantes del año y carrera referidos, con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 22 años de edad y que presentaban síntomas y conductas asociadas al padecimiento de estrés académico. Para la etapa diagnóstica y de evaluación final se utilizó el Inventario SISCO del Estrés Académico, al cual se le hizo una normalización sociocultural. Los estresores encontrados, los síntomas y las estrategias de afrontamientos desadaptadas mostraron la necesidad de diseñar y aplicar la intervención educativa. Los estudiantes presentaron antes de la intervención un predominio del nivel moderado de estrés académico, con dificultades con sus estrategias de afrontamiento. Posterior a la intervención realizada predominó el nivel leve y mejoraron las estrategias de afrontamiento enfocadas a la solución del problema, el manejo del estrés académico

Whole-Genome Sequence of the Metastatic PC3 and LNCaP Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Inge Seim

2017-06-01

Full Text Available The bone metastasis-derived PC3 and the lymph node metastasis-derived LNCaP prostate cancer cell lines are widely studied, having been described in thousands of publications over the last four decades. Here, we report short-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS and de novo assembly of PC3 (ATCC CRL-1435 and LNCaP (clone FGC; ATCC CRL-1740 at ∼70 × coverage. A known homozygous mutation in TP53 and homozygous loss of PTEN were robustly identified in the PC3 cell line, whereas the LNCaP cell line exhibited a larger number of putative inactivating somatic point and indel mutations (and in particular a loss of stop codon events. This study also provides preliminary evidence that loss of one or both copies of the tumor suppressor Capicua (CIC contributes to primary tumor relapse and metastatic progression, potentially offering a treatment target for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC. Our work provides a resource for genetic, genomic, and biological studies employing two commonly-used prostate cancer cell lines.

Whole-Genome Sequence of the Metastatic PC3 and LNCaP Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines.

Science.gov (United States)

Seim, Inge; Jeffery, Penny L; Thomas, Patrick B; Nelson, Colleen C; Chopin, Lisa K

2017-06-07

The bone metastasis-derived PC3 and the lymph node metastasis-derived LNCaP prostate cancer cell lines are widely studied, having been described in thousands of publications over the last four decades. Here, we report short-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and de novo assembly of PC3 (ATCC CRL-1435) and LNCaP (clone FGC; ATCC CRL-1740) at ∼70 × coverage. A known homozygous mutation in TP53 and homozygous loss of PTEN were robustly identified in the PC3 cell line, whereas the LNCaP cell line exhibited a larger number of putative inactivating somatic point and indel mutations (and in particular a loss of stop codon events). This study also provides preliminary evidence that loss of one or both copies of the tumor suppressor Capicua ( CIC ) contributes to primary tumor relapse and metastatic progression, potentially offering a treatment target for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Our work provides a resource for genetic, genomic, and biological studies employing two commonly-used prostate cancer cell lines. Copyright © 2017 Seim et al.

Optimismo, indefesión, "mastery" y resiliencia como predictores del estrés percibido y la salud mental.

OpenAIRE

Murillo García, Inés María

2015-01-01

[ES]En este estudio se analiza la relación entre recursos de personalidad como optimismo, indefensión, "mastery" y resiliencia y su capacidad para predecir el estrés percibido y la salud mental. Se utiliza una muestra de 107 universitarios. Los instrumentos empleados son la “Escala de Estrés Percibido” (PSS-14), el “Test Revisado de Orientación hacia la Vida” (LOT-R), la “Batería de Escalas de Expectativas Generalizadas de Control” (BEEGC-R28), la “Escala de Resiliencia” (CD-RISC), la “Escala...

Relación del desarrollo cognitivo con el clima familiar y el estrés de la crianza

OpenAIRE

Vera Noriega,José Ángel; Morales Nebuay,Dulce Karina; Vera Noriega,Cristina

2005-01-01

Se llevo a cabo un estudio con 120 familias en pobreza extrema de las zonas marginales de Hermosillo, Sonora México. Madres de 32 años en promedio respondieron a una escala de funcionamiento familiar, estrés de la crianza y sus niños fueron medidos en desarrollo cognitivo. El objetivo fue evaluar las diferencias significativas entre los tres tipos de familias en su desarrollo cognitivo, el estrés de la crianza y el clima familiar. Se clasificaron las familias en base a la medida de clima fami...

Source biases in midlatitude magnetotelluric transfer functions due to Pc3-4 geomagnetic pulsations

Science.gov (United States)

Murphy, Benjamin S.; Egbert, Gary D.

2018-01-01

The magnetotelluric (MT) method for imaging the electrical conductivity structure of the Earth is based on the assumption that source magnetic fields can be considered quasi-uniform, such that the spatial scale of the inducing source is much larger than the intrinsic length scale of the electromagnetic induction process (the skin depth). Here, we show using EarthScope MT data that short spatial scale source magnetic fields from geomagnetic pulsations (Pc's) can violate this fundamental assumption. Over resistive regions of the Earth, the skin depth can be comparable to the short meridional range of Pc3-4 disturbances that are generated by geomagnetic field-line resonances (FLRs). In such cases, Pc's can introduce narrow-band bias in MT transfer function estimates at FLR eigenperiods ( 10-100 s). Although it appears unlikely that these biases will be a significant problem for data inversions, further study is necessary to understand the conditions under which they may distort inverse solutions.[Figure not available: see fulltext.

Composites Based on Core-Shell Structured HBCuPc@CNTs-Fe3O4 and Polyarylene Ether Nitriles with Excellent Dielectric and Mechanical Properties

Science.gov (United States)

Pu, Zejun; Zhong, Jiachun; Liu, Xiaobo

2017-10-01

Core-shell structured magnetic carbon nanotubes (CNTs-Fe3O4) coated with hyperbranched copper phthalocyanine (HBCuPc) (HBCuPc@CNTs-Fe3O4) hybrids were prepared by the solvent-thermal method. The results indicated that the HBCuPc molecules were decorated on the surface of CNTs-Fe3O4 through coordination behavior of phthalocyanines, and the CNTs-Fe3O4 core was completely coaxial wrapped by a functional intermediate HBCuPc shell. Then, polymer-based composites with a relatively high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss were fabricated by using core-shell structured HBCuPc@CNTs-Fe3O4 hybrids as fillers and polyarylene ether nitriles (PEN) as the polymer matrix. The cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of composites showed that there is almost no agglomeration and internal delamination. In addition, the rheological analysis reveals that the core-shell structured HBCuPc@CNTs-Fe3O4 hybrids present better dispersion and stronger interface adhesion with the PEN matrix than CNTs-Fe3O4, thus resulting in significant improvement of the mechanical, thermal and dielectric properties of polymer-based composites.

The 3p21.1-p21.3 hereditary vascular retinopathy locus increases the risk for Raynaud's phenomenon and migraine

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hottenga, J. J.; Vanmolkot, K. R. J.; Kors, E. E.; Kheradmand Kia, S.; de Jong, P. T. V. M.; Haan, J.; Terwindt, G. M.; Frants, R. R.; Ferrari, M. D.; van den Maagdenberg, A. M. J. M.

2005-01-01

Previously, we described a large Dutch family with hereditary vascular retinopathy (HVR), Raynaud's phenomenon and migraine. A locus for HVR was mapped on chromosome 3p21.1-p21.3, but the gene has not yet been identified. The fact that all three disorders share a vascular aetiology prompted us to

Guía de práctica clínica: síndrome del intestino irritable con estreñimiento y estreñimiento funcional en adultos: concepto, diagnóstico y continuidad asistencial. (Parte 1 de 2

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

F. Mearin

2017-01-01

Full Text Available En esta Guía de práctica clínica analizamos el manejo diagnóstico y terapéutico de pacientes adultos con estreñimiento y molestias abdominales, bajo el espectro del síndrome del intestino irritable y el estreñimiento funcional. Tienen una importante repercusión personal, sanitaria y social, afectando a la calidad de vida de los pacientes que las padecen. En el síndrome del intestino irritable con predomino del estreñimiento, este es la alteración deposicional predominante junto con dolor abdominal recurrente, hinchazón y distensión abdominal frecuente. El estreñimiento se caracteriza por la dificultad o la escasa frecuencia en las deposiciones, acompañado por esfuerzo excesivo durante la defecación o sensación de evacuación incompleta. La mayoría no tienen una causa orgánica subyacente, considerándose un trastorno funcional intestinal. Poseen muchas similitudes clínicas y fisiopatológicas, con respuesta similar del estreñimiento a fármacos comunes. La diferencia fundamental es la presencia o ausencia de dolor, pero no de un modo evaluable como «todo o nada». La gravedad depende tantro de la intensidad de los síntomas intestinales como de otros factores: asociación de síntomas gastrointestinales y extraintestinales, grado de afectación, formas de percepción y comportamiento. Los criterios de Roma diagnostican los trastornos funcionales intestinales. Esta Guía está adaptada a los criterios de Roma IV (mayo de 2016 y analiza, en esta primera parte, los criterios de alarma, las pruebas diagnósticas y los criterios de derivación entre Atención Primaria y Aparato Digestivo. En una segunda parte, se revisarán las alternativas terapéuticas disponibles (ejercicio, dieta, tratamientos farmacológicos, neuroestimulación de raíces sacras o cirugía, efectuando recomendaciones prácticas para cada una de ellas.

Cholesterol homeostasis in two commonly used human prostate cancer cell-lines, LNCaP and PC-3.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

James Robert Krycer

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Recently, there has been renewed interest in the link between cholesterol and prostate cancer. It has been previously reported that in vitro, prostate cancer cells lack sterol-mediated feedback regulation of the major transcription factor in cholesterol homeostasis, sterol-regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP-2. This could explain the accumulation of cholesterol observed in clinical prostate cancers. Consequently, perturbed feedback regulation to increased sterol levels has become a pervasive concept in the prostate cancer setting. Here, we aimed to explore this in greater depth.After altering the cellular cholesterol status in LNCaP and PC-3 prostate cancer cells, we examined SREBP-2 processing, downstream effects on promoter activity and expression of SREBP-2 target genes, and functional activity (low-density lipoprotein uptake, cholesterol synthesis. In doing so, we observed that LNCaP and PC-3 cells were sensitive to increased sterol levels. In contrast, lowering cholesterol levels via statin treatment generated a greater response in LNCaP cells than PC-3 cells. This highlighted an important difference between these cell-lines: basal SREBP-2 activity appeared to be higher in PC-3 cells, reducing sensitivity to decreased cholesterol levels.Thus, prostate cancer cells are sensitive to changing sterol levels in vitro, but the extent of this regulation differs between prostate cancer cell-lines. These results shed new light on the regulation of cholesterol metabolism in two commonly used prostate cancer cell-lines, and emphasize the importance of establishing whether or not cholesterol homeostasis is perturbed in prostate cancer in vivo.

Metformin inhibits the proliferation of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells via the downregulation of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kato, Haruo; Sekine, Yoshitaka; Furuya, Yosuke; Miyazawa, Yoshiyuki; Koike, Hidekazu; Suzuki, Kazuhiro

2015-01-01

Metformin is a biguanide drug that is widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Recent studies have shown that metformin inhibits cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. The anti-tumor mechanisms of metformin include activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase/mTOR pathway and direct inhibition of insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-mediated cellular proliferation. However, the anti-tumor mechanism in prostate cancer remains unclear. Because activation of the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) is required for prostate cell proliferation, IGF-1R inhibitors may be of therapeutic value. Accordingly, we examined the effects of metformin on IGF-1R signaling in prostate cancer cells. Metformin significantly inhibited PC-3 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. IGF-1R mRNA expression decreased significantly after 48 h of treatment, and IGF-1R protein expression decreased in a similar manner. IGF-1R knockdown by siRNA transfection led to inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of PC-3 cells. IGF-1 activated both ERK1/2 and Akt, but these effects were attenuated by metformin treatment. In addition, intraperitoneal treatment with metformin significantly reduced tumor growth and IGF-1R mRNA expression in PC-3 xenografts. Our results suggest that metformin is a potent inhibitor of the IGF-1/IGF-1R system and may be beneficial in prostate cancer treatment. - Highlights: • Metformin inhibited PC-3 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. • Metformin decreased IGF-1R mRNA and protein expressions in PC-3 cells. • Metformin inhibited IGF-1 induced ERK and Akt phosphorylations in PC-3 cells. • Metformin treatment inhibited PC-3 cell growth and IGF-1R expression in vivo. • Metformin may be a potent inhibitor of the IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling

Metformin inhibits the proliferation of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells via the downregulation of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kato, Haruo, E-mail: hal.kato@gunma-u.ac.jp; Sekine, Yoshitaka; Furuya, Yosuke; Miyazawa, Yoshiyuki; Koike, Hidekazu; Suzuki, Kazuhiro

2015-05-22

Metformin is a biguanide drug that is widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Recent studies have shown that metformin inhibits cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. The anti-tumor mechanisms of metformin include activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase/mTOR pathway and direct inhibition of insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-mediated cellular proliferation. However, the anti-tumor mechanism in prostate cancer remains unclear. Because activation of the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) is required for prostate cell proliferation, IGF-1R inhibitors may be of therapeutic value. Accordingly, we examined the effects of metformin on IGF-1R signaling in prostate cancer cells. Metformin significantly inhibited PC-3 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. IGF-1R mRNA expression decreased significantly after 48 h of treatment, and IGF-1R protein expression decreased in a similar manner. IGF-1R knockdown by siRNA transfection led to inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of PC-3 cells. IGF-1 activated both ERK1/2 and Akt, but these effects were attenuated by metformin treatment. In addition, intraperitoneal treatment with metformin significantly reduced tumor growth and IGF-1R mRNA expression in PC-3 xenografts. Our results suggest that metformin is a potent inhibitor of the IGF-1/IGF-1R system and may be beneficial in prostate cancer treatment. - Highlights: • Metformin inhibited PC-3 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. • Metformin decreased IGF-1R mRNA and protein expressions in PC-3 cells. • Metformin inhibited IGF-1 induced ERK and Akt phosphorylations in PC-3 cells. • Metformin treatment inhibited PC-3 cell growth and IGF-1R expression in vivo. • Metformin may be a potent inhibitor of the IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling.

Entrenamiento Conductual y Atención Plena sobre el Estrés Parental y Relación Padre-Hijo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yors Alexander Garcia

2018-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar la efectividad de un procedimiento tradicional a padres combinado con uno de atención plena en la reducción del estrés parental e incremento en interacción positiva padre-hijo. Se utilizó un diseño pre test - pos test de un solo grupo. Durante el pre test y pos test se aplicaron el PSI, FFMQ y PCRI-M para evaluar el estrés parental, atención plena y relación padre-hijo, respectivamente. La intervención duró ocho semanas en que se implementó un procedimiento de entrenamiento de padres y uno de atención plena. Los resultados muestran que el entrenamiento combinado fue efectivo en la reducción del estrés parental, el incremento del uso de la atención plena y la mejora en la relación padre-hijo.

76 FR 5467 - Airworthiness Directives; Pilatus Aircraft Ltd. Models PC-6, PC-6-H1, PC-6-H2, PC-6/350, PC-6/350...

Science.gov (United States)

2011-02-01

...;Prices of new books are listed in the first FEDERAL REGISTER issue of each #0;week. #0; #0; #0; #0;#0..., Fairchild Heli Porter PC-6 airplanes, or Fairchild-Hiller Corporation PC-6 airplanes. Discussion Section... [[Page 5469

Identification and functional analysis of pheromone and receptor genes in the B3 mating locus of Pleurotus eryngii.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Kyung-Hee; Kang, Young Min; Im, Chak Han; Ali, Asjad; Kim, Sun Young; Je, Hee-Jeong; Kim, Min-Keun; Rho, Hyun Su; Lee, Hyun Sook; Kong, Won-Sik; Ryu, Jae-San

2014-01-01

Pleurotus eryngii has recently become a major cultivated mushroom; it uses tetrapolar heterothallism as a part of its reproductive process. Sexual development progresses only when the A and B mating types are compatible. Such mating incompatibility occasionally limits the efficiency of breeding programs in which crossing within loci-shared strains or backcrossing strategies are employed. Therefore, understanding the mating system in edible mushroom fungi will help provide a short cut in the development of new strains. We isolated and identified pheromone and receptor genes in the B3 locus of P. eryngii and performed a functional analysis of the genes in the mating process by transformation. A genomic DNA library was constructed to map the entire mating-type locus. The B3 locus was found to contain four pheromone precursor genes and four receptor genes. Remarkably, receptor PESTE3.3.1 has just 34 amino acid residues in its C-terminal cytoplasmic region; therefore, it seems likely to be a receptor-like gene. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR (real-time qRT-PCR) revealed that most pheromone and receptor genes showed significantly higher expression in monokaryotic cells than dikaryotic cells. The pheromone genes PEphb3.1 and PEphb3.3 and the receptor gene PESTE3.3.1 were transformed into P5 (A3B4). The transformants were mated with a tester strain (A4B4), and the progeny showed clamp connections and a normal fruiting body, which indicates the proposed role of these genes in mating and fruiting processes. This result also confirms that PESTE3.3.1 is a receptor gene. In this study, we identified pheromone and receptor genes in the B3 locus of P. eryngii and found that some of those genes appear to play a role in the mating and fruiting processes. These results might help elucidate the mechanism of fruiting differentiation and improve breeding efficiency.

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Anchor Modification Machinery Deficiency Is Responsible for the Formation of Pro-Prion Protein (PrP) in BxPC-3 Protein and Increases Cancer Cell Motility*

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Liheng; Gao, Zhenxing; Hu, Lipeng; Wu, Guiru; Yang, Xiaowen; Zhang, Lihua; Zhu, Ying; Wong, Boon-Seng; Xin, Wei; Sy, Man-Sun; Li, Chaoyang

2016-01-01

The normal cellular prion protein (PrP) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface glycoprotein. However, in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines, such as BxPC-3, PrP exists as a pro-PrP retaining its glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) peptide signaling sequence. Here, we report the identification of another pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line, AsPC-1, which expresses a mature GPI-anchored PrP. Comparison of the 24 genes involved in the GPI anchor modification pathway between AsPC-1 and BxPC-3 revealed 15 of the 24 genes, including PGAP1 and PIG-F, were down-regulated in the latter cells. We also identified six missense mutations in DPM2, PIG-C, PIG-N, and PIG-P alongside eight silent mutations. When BxPC-3 cells were fused with Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, which lack endogenous PrP, pro-PrP was successfully converted into mature GPI-anchored PrP. Expression of the individual gene, such as PGAP1, PIG-F, or PIG-C, into BxPC-3 cells does not result in phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C sensitivity of PrP. However, when PIG-F but not PIG-P is expressed in PGAP1-expressing BxPC-3 cells, PrP on the surface of the cells becomes phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C-sensitive. Thus, low expression of PIG-F and PGAP1 is the major factor contributing to the accumulation of pro-PrP. More importantly, BxPC-3 cells expressing GPI-anchored PrP migrate much slower than BxPC-3 cells bearing pro-PrP. In addition, GPI-anchored PrP-bearing AsPC-1 cells also migrate slower than pro-PrP bearing BxPC-3 cells, although both cells express filamin A. “Knocking out” PRNP in BxPC-3 cell drastically reduces its migration. Collectively, these results show that multiple gene irregularity in BxPC-3 cells is responsible for the formation of pro-PrP, and binding of pro-PrP to filamin A contributes to enhanced tumor cell motility. PMID:26683373

Apuntes sobre algunos reguladores del crecimiento vegetal que participan en la respuesta de las plantas frente al estrés abiótico

OpenAIRE

Chávez Suárez, Licet; Álvarez Fonseca, Alexander; Ramírez Fernández, Ramiro

2012-01-01

El estrés abiótico es una de las principales causas de las pérdidas de las producciones agrícolas a nivel mundial. Los reguladores del crecimiento vegetal tales como el ácido abscícico, el etileno, el ácido jasmónico y el ácido salicílico son esenciales en la respuesta de las plantas al estrés abiótico. Se describen las generalidades de estas moléculas así como su función en la respuesta de la planta frente al estrés abiótico. The abiotic stress is one of the most significative cause of th...

Evaluación del desempeño docente, estrés y burnout en profesores universitarios

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Magaly Cárdenas Rodríguez

2014-06-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo es un estudio correlacional con diseño ex post facto, cuyo propósito es examinar la relación entre los puntajes obtenidos por docentes universitarios en la evaluación de su desempeño con el grado de estrés percibido y con la presencia de indicadores del síndrome de Burnout. Para ello se plantearon los siguientes objetivos: 1 analizar la relación que existe entre los niveles de estrés percibido y el desempeño docente; 2 analizar la relación que existe entre el Burnout y el desempeño docente; y 3 analizar la relación que existe entre los niveles de estrés percibido y Burnout. En la recolección de datos se aplicaron la Escala de Estrés Percibido de Cohen y el Cuestionario de Burnout del Profesorado a una muestra convencional de 59 catedráticos de una facultad de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (México. Se examinaron los resultados de la evaluación del desempeño docente administrada a los alumnos en dos períodos inmediatos anteriores. La mayoría de las correlaciones entre el desempeño docente con estrés y Burnout resultaron débiles y no significativas; solamente resultó significativa la correlación entre falta de realización y cambio en el desempeño docente, que fue una correlación negativa (r=-.446; p=.003. La correlación entre los dos aspectos de desorganización institucional, supervisión y condiciones organizacionales, con cambio en desempeño docente, indicaron que, a medida que se percibe más desorganización institucional, el desempeño docente empeora (r=-.361, p=.019 y r=.308, p=.047; respectivamente. En síntesis, los resultados indican que la falta de realización y la desorganización pueden estar relacionadas con el decremento del desempeño docente. The present article is a correlational study with an ex post facto design. Its purpose was to examine the relationship between scores obtained by university teachers at an evaluation of their perceived stress degree and the

El estrés agudo modifica la recuperación y la extinción de la memoria espacial en función de su intensidad

OpenAIRE

Cuestas Diana Marcela; Troncoso Julieta

2007-01-01

Para evaluar los efectos del estrés agudo por restricción de movimientos sobre la recuperación y la extinción
de la memoria espacial sin sobreentrenamiento, se utilizaron tres grupos de ratas: control, estrés una hora
y estrés cuatro horas. Todos los animales fueron entrenados en el laberinto circular de Barnes. El protocolo
de entrenamiento constaba de ocho ensayos de adquisición (intervalo entre ensayos, IEE; 5 min). Los animales de todos los grupos experime...

Intracranial artery velocity measurement using 4D PC MRI at 3 T: comparison with transcranial ultrasound techniques and 2D PC MRI

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Meckel, Stephan; Leitner, Lorenz; Schubert, Tilman; Bonati, Leo H.; Lyrer, Philippe; Santini, Francesco; Stalder, Aurelien F.; Markl, Michael; Wetzel, Stephan G.

2013-01-01

4D phase contrast MR imaging (4D PC MRI) has been introduced for spatiotemporal evaluation of intracranial hemodynamics in various cerebrovascular diseases. However, it still lacks validation with standards of reference. Our goal was to compare blood flow quantification derived from 4D PC MRI with transcranial ultrasound and 2D PC MRI. Velocity measurements within large intracranial arteries [internal carotid artery (ICA), basilar artery (BA), and middle cerebral artery (MCA)] were obtained in 20 young healthy volunteers with 4D and 2D PC MRI, transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD), and transcranial color-coded duplex sonography (TCCD). Maximum velocities at peak systole (PSV) and end diastole (EDV) were compared using regression analysis and Bland-Altman plots. Correlation of 4D PC MRI measured velocities was higher in comparison with TCD (r = 0.49-0.66) than with TCCD (0.35-0.44) and 2D PC MRI (0.52-0.60). In mid-BA and ICA C7 segment, a significant correlation was found with TCD (0.68-0.81 and 0.65-0.71, respectively). No significant correlation was found in carotid siphon. On average over all volunteers, PSVs and EDVs in MCA were minimally underestimated compared with TCD/TCCD. Minimal overestimation of velocities was found compared to TCD in mid-BA and ICA C7 segment. 4D PC MRI appears as valid alternative for intracranial velocity measurement consistent with previous reference standards, foremost with TCD. Spatiotemporal averaging effects might contribute to vessel size-dependent mild underestimation of velocities in smaller (MCA), and overestimation in larger-sized (BA and ICA) arteries, respectively. Complete spatiotemporal flow analysis may be advantageous in anatomically complex regions (e.g. carotid siphon) relative to restrictions of ultrasound techniques. (orig.)

Musicoterapia: Una modalidad terapéutica para el estrés laboral

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Carmen R Victoria García-Viniegras

1997-12-01

Full Text Available Se realiza una breve exposición acerca de la relación entre estrés y enfermedad. Se analiza la importancia del medio laboral como generador de situaciones de estrés y la importancia de los factores mediadores de la respuesta del hombre ante tales situaciones. Se destaca la función del trabajo como elemento para la realización del ser humano y la necesidad de dotar al trabajador de los recursos apropiados para enfrentar el estrés. Se plantea el objetivo esencial de los servicios médicos brindados al trabajador de la Industria Básica concebidos de manera integral y que incluyen la evaluación y tratamiento psicológicos. Un recurso terapéutico escogido por el Profilactorio Nacional Obrero del Ministerio de la Industria Básica lo constituye la musicoterapia. Se definen los principios, indicaciones y nuestra experiencia en la aplicación de esta técnica aplicada a los obreros atendidos en nuestro centro.A brief explanation about the relationship existing between stress and disease is given. It is analyzed the importance of the working environment as a generator of stressing situations and the significance of those factors mediating in man's reponse before such situations. It is underlined the role of work as an element for attaining man's development and the necessity to give workers all the appropiate resources to face stress. It is stated that the medical services the workers from the Basic Industry receive are conceived in a comprehensive manner and that the psychological evaluation and treatment is included. Music therapy is a therapeutic resource selected by the National Prophylactic Center for Workers of the Ministry of the Basic Industry. The principles, indications, as well as our experience are defined on applying this technique to the workers in our center.

Efectividad del uso del mate de coca en la reducción del estrés laboral en

OpenAIRE

Rivera-Encinas, María Teresa

2016-01-01

Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del uso del mate de coca en la reducción del estrés laboral en administrativos de una universidad y determinar sus principales características sociodemográficas.Material y métodos: Se aplicó el cuestionario para la detección del estrés laboral de la OIT/OMS a dos grupos de trabajadores, experimental (10) y control (10), empleando randomización simple. Se hizo un experimento cruzado en 31 días, utilizando mate de coca y agua para cada grupo. Se utilizó el análi...

Puerarin protects differentiated PC12 cells from H₂O₂-induced apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Qin; Huang, Wei-Dong; Lv, Xue-Ying; Yang, Yun-Mei

2012-05-01

Oxidative stress has been implicated as a major mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. ROS (reactive oxygen species) can cause cell death via apoptosis. NGF (nerve growth factor) differentiated rat PC12 cells have been extensively used to study the differentiation and apoptosis of neurons. This study has investigated the protective effects of puerarin in H2O2-induced apoptosis of differentiated PC12 cells, and the possible molecular mechanisms involved. Differentiated PC12 cells were incubated with 700 μM H2O2 in the absence or presence of different doses of puerarin (4, 8 and 16 μM). Apoptosis was assessed by MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] assay, TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling) analysis and Annexin V-PI (propidium iodide) double staining flow cytometry. Protein levels of phospho-Akt and phospho-BAD (Bcl-2/Bcl-XL-antagonist, causing cell death) were assayed by Western blotting. After stimulation with H2O2 for 18 h, the viability of differentiated PC12 cells decreased significantly and a large number of cells underwent apoptosis. Differentiated PC12 cells were rescued from H2O2-induced apoptosis at different concentrations of puerarin in a dose-dependent manner. This was through increased production of phospho-Akt and phospho-BAD, an effect that could be reversed by wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase). The results suggest that puerarin may have neuroprotective effect through activation of the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.

Differential diagnosis between aneurysm and infundibular dilatation in the IC-PC region with 3D-CTA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kubota, Tsukasa; Niwa, Jun; Tanigawara, Tetsuya; Chiba, Masahiko; Akiyama, Yukinori; Inamura Shigeru

2000-01-01

In cases of asymptomatic internal carotid-posterior communicating artery (IC-PC) protrusions, it is sometimes difficult to differentiate infundibular dilatation (ID) from aneurysm by digital subtraction angiography. We applied three-dimensional CT angiography (3D-CTA) in 32 cases of these IC-PC protrusions. SOMATOM PLUS 4 was used under such conditions as to provide images with high spatial resolution. The shaded surface display (SSD) method was adopted to reconstruct the 3D images because of its advantage in separating overlapped vasculature. We also made reference to source images and maximum intensity projection (MIP) to make sure of our diagnoses. In all cases including 4 aneurysms and 28 IDs, we were able to distinguish between ID and aneurysm. The accuracy of 3D-CTA was confirmed by 9 surgical cases. Our technique was as follows: To inject a high dose of diluted contrast medium rapidly to smaller arteries for opacification of contrast medium. To exclude neighboring useless structures except for the very close structures such as posterior clinoid process from the target image focusing on the IC-PC region. To observe the reconstructed image of MIP and SSD from various angles. The contralateral and craniocaudal view were valuable. To change the threshold level gradually and observe the configurational changes of the apex of protrusion. Poorly developed PcomA was mostly delineated at the optimum threshold level. Otherwise, the apex of protrusion remained spherical in an aneurysm and became pyramidal in shape in an ID when the threshold level was gradually decreased. In conclusion, 3D-CTA was a useful modality for IC-PC protrusions to distinguish between ID and aneurysm. (author)

Estrés y afrontamiento en pacientes afectados de esclerosis múltiple. Estudio comparativo con población comunitaria

OpenAIRE

Lara, Silvia; Kirchner, Teresa

2012-01-01

La Esclerosis Múltiple (EM) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa que lleva implícita no sólo limitaciones físicas, sino también numerosos estresores psicosociales. Los objetivos de este estudio son: 1) analizar los problemas más comúnmente narrados por afectados de EM, la intensidad de estrés que les generan, el grado de control percibido sobre ellos y las estrategias de afrontamiento que utilizan para minimizar su impacto 2) contrastar el nivel de estrés, de control sobre el estresor y el uso...

Implicaciones de la respuesta de estrés sobre el proceso de estudio en estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud

OpenAIRE

Romero, Manuel (Romero Martín)

2011-01-01

[Resumen] OBJETIVO: Realizar una análisis descriptivo de la experiencia de estrés académico entre estudiantes de ciencias de la salud, así como determinar la existencia de diferencias en las tres dimensiones del proceso de estrés, consideradas como estresores. Afrontamiento y respuesta en función de las variables contextuales de cada titulación, curso y la variable personal sexo. RESULTADOS MÁS RELEVANTES: -Las situaciones relacionadas con la evaluación...

Androgen Receptor-Mediated Growth Suppression of HPr-1AR and PC3-Lenti-AR Prostate Epithelial Cells.

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Young-Chae Kim

Full Text Available The androgen receptor (AR mediates the developmental, physiologic, and pathologic effects of androgens including 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT. However, the mechanisms whereby AR regulates growth suppression and differentiation of luminal epithelial cells in the prostate gland and proliferation of malignant versions of these cells are not well understood, though they are central to prostate development, homeostasis, and neoplasia. Here, we identify androgen-responsive genes that restrain cell cycle progression and proliferation of human prostate epithelial cell lines (HPr-1AR and PC3-Lenti-AR, and we investigate the mechanisms through which AR regulates their expression. DHT inhibited proliferation of HPr-1AR and PC3-Lenti-AR, and cell cycle analysis revealed a prolonged G1 interval. In the cell cycle, the G1/S-phase transition is initiated by the activity of cyclin D and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK complexes, which relieve growth suppression. In HPr-1AR, cyclin D1/2 and CDK4/6 mRNAs were androgen-repressed, whereas CDK inhibitor, CDKN1A, mRNA was androgen-induced. The regulation of these transcripts was AR-dependent, and involved multiple mechanisms. Similar AR-mediated down-regulation of CDK4/6 mRNAs and up-regulation of CDKN1A mRNA occurred in PC3-Lenti-AR. Further, CDK4/6 overexpression suppressed DHT-inhibited cell cycle progression and proliferation of HPr-1AR and PC3-Lenti-AR, whereas CDKN1A overexpression induced cell cycle arrest. We therefore propose that AR-mediated growth suppression of HPr-1AR involves cyclin D1 mRNA decay, transcriptional repression of cyclin D2 and CDK4/6, and transcriptional activation of CDKN1A, which serve to decrease CDK4/6 activity. AR-mediated inhibition of PC3-Lenti-AR proliferation occurs through a similar mechanism, albeit without down-regulation of cyclin D. Our findings provide insight into AR-mediated regulation of prostate epithelial cell proliferation.

Survey of Pc3-5 ULF velocity oscillations in SuperDARN THEMIS-mode data: Occurrence statistics and driving mechanisms

Science.gov (United States)

Shi, X.; Ruohoniemi, J. M.; Baker, J. B.; Lin, D.; Bland, E. C.; Hartinger, M.; Scales, W.

2017-12-01

Ultra-low frequency (ULF: 1 mHz-10 Hz) waves are believed to play an important role in the energization and transport of plasma within the magnetosphere-ionosphere system, as well as the transfer of energy from the solar wind. Most previous statistical studies of ionospheric ULF waves using Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) data have been constrained to the Pc5 band ( 1-7 mHz) and/or one or two radars covering a limited range of latitudes. This is partially due to lack of a database cataloging high time resolution data and an efficient way to identify wave events. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive survey of ULF wave signatures in the Pc3-5 band using 6 s resolution data from all SuperDARN radars in the northern hemisphere operating in THEMIS-mode from 2010 to 2016. Numerical experiments were conducted to derive dynamic thresholds for automated detection of ULF waves at different frequencies using the Lomb-Scargle periodogram technique. The spatial occurrence distribution, frequency characteristics, seasonal effects, solar wind condition and geomagnetic activity level dependence have been studied. We found Pc5 events dominate at high latitudes with a most probable frequency of 2 mHz while Pc3-4 are relatively more common at mid-latitudes on the nightside with a most probable frequency of 11 mHz. At high latitudes the occurrence rate of poloidal Pc3-5 peaks in the dusk sector and in winter while at mid-latitudes the poloidal Pc3-4 occurrence rate peaks at pre-midnight. This pre-midnight occurrence peak becomes more prominent with increasing AE index value, in equinox and during southward IMF, which suggests many of these events are most likely Pi2 pulsations associated with magnetotail dynamics during active geomagnetic intervals.

Guía de práctica clínica del síndrome del intestino irritable con estreñimiento y estreñimiento funcional en adultos: tratamiento. (Parte 2 de 2

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F. Mearin

2017-03-01

Full Text Available En esta Guía de práctica clínica analizamos el manejo diagnóstico y terapéutico de pacientes adultos con estreñimiento y molestias abdominales, bajo la confluencia del espectro del síndrome del intestino irritable y el estreñimiento funcional. Ambas patologías están encuadradas en los trastornos funcionales intestinales y tienen una importante repercusión personal, sanitaria y social, afectando a la calidad de vida de los pacientes que las padecen. La primera es el subtipo de síndrome del intestino irritable en el que el estreñimiento es la alteración deposicional predominante junto con dolor abdominal recurrente, hinchazón y distensión abdominal frecuente. El estreñimiento se caracteriza por la dificultad o la escasa frecuencia en relación con las deposiciones, a menudo acompañado por esfuerzo excesivo durante la defecación o sensación de evacuación incompleta. En la mayoría de los casos no tiene una causa orgánica subyacente, siendo considerado un trastorno funcional intestinal. Son muchas las similitudes clínicas y fisiopatológicas entre ambos trastornos, con respuesta similar del estreñimiento a fármacos comunes, siendo la diferencia fundamental la presencia o ausencia de dolor, pero no de un modo evaluable como «todo o nada». La gravedad de estos trastornos depende no solo de la intensidad de los síntomas intestinales sino también de otros factores biopsicosociales: asociación de síntomas gastrointestinales y extraintestinales, grado de afectación, y formas de percepción y comportamiento. Mediante los criterios de Roma, se diagnostican los trastornos funcionales intestinales. Esta Guía de práctica clínica está adaptada a los criterios de Roma IV difundidos a finales de mayo de 2016. En una primera parte (96, 97, 98 se analizaron los aspectos conceptuales y fisiopatológicos, los criterios de alarma, las pruebas diagnósticas y los criterios de derivación entre Atención Primaria y aparato digestivo

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Anchor Modification Machinery Deficiency Is Responsible for the Formation of Pro-Prion Protein (PrP) in BxPC-3 Protein and Increases Cancer Cell Motility.

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Liheng; Gao, Zhenxing; Hu, Lipeng; Wu, Guiru; Yang, Xiaowen; Zhang, Lihua; Zhu, Ying; Wong, Boon-Seng; Xin, Wei; Sy, Man-Sun; Li, Chaoyang

2016-02-19

The normal cellular prion protein (PrP) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored cell surface glycoprotein. However, in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines, such as BxPC-3, PrP exists as a pro-PrP retaining its glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) peptide signaling sequence. Here, we report the identification of another pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line, AsPC-1, which expresses a mature GPI-anchored PrP. Comparison of the 24 genes involved in the GPI anchor modification pathway between AsPC-1 and BxPC-3 revealed 15 of the 24 genes, including PGAP1 and PIG-F, were down-regulated in the latter cells. We also identified six missense mutations in DPM2, PIG-C, PIG-N, and PIG-P alongside eight silent mutations. When BxPC-3 cells were fused with Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, which lack endogenous PrP, pro-PrP was successfully converted into mature GPI-anchored PrP. Expression of the individual gene, such as PGAP1, PIG-F, or PIG-C, into BxPC-3 cells does not result in phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C sensitivity of PrP. However, when PIG-F but not PIG-P is expressed in PGAP1-expressing BxPC-3 cells, PrP on the surface of the cells becomes phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C-sensitive. Thus, low expression of PIG-F and PGAP1 is the major factor contributing to the accumulation of pro-PrP. More importantly, BxPC-3 cells expressing GPI-anchored PrP migrate much slower than BxPC-3 cells bearing pro-PrP. In addition, GPI-anchored PrP-bearing AsPC-1 cells also migrate slower than pro-PrP bearing BxPC-3 cells, although both cells express filamin A. "Knocking out" PRNP in BxPC-3 cell drastically reduces its migration. Collectively, these results show that multiple gene irregularity in BxPC-3 cells is responsible for the formation of pro-PrP, and binding of pro-PrP to filamin A contributes to enhanced tumor cell motility. © 2016 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Stabilization of Nrf2 protein by D3T provides protection against ethanol-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells.

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Jian Dong

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Previous studies have demonstrated that maternal ethanol exposure induces a moderate increase in Nrf2 protein expression in mouse embryos. Pretreatment with the Nrf2 inducer, 3H-1, 2-dithiole-3-thione (D3T, significantly increases the Nrf2 protein levels and prevents apoptosis in ethanol-exposed embryos. The present study, using PC12 cells, was designed to determine whether increased Nrf2 stability is a mechanism by which D3T enhances Nrf2 activation and subsequent antioxidant protection. Ethanol and D3T treatment resulted in a significant accumulation of Nrf2 protein in PC 12 cells. CHX chase analysis has shown that ethanol treatment delayed the degradation of Nrf2 protein in PC12 cells. A significantly greater decrease in Nrf2 protein degradation was observed in the cells treated with D3T alone or with both ethanol and D3T. In addition, D3T treatment significantly reduced ethanol-induced apoptosis. These results demonstrate that the stabilization of Nrf2 protein by D3T confers protection against ethanol-induced apoptosis.

Skip Regulates TGF-β1-Induced Extracellular Matrix Degrading Proteases Expression in Human PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells

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Victor Villar

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Purpose. To determine whether Ski-interacting protein (SKIP regulates TGF-β1-stimulated expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9, and uPA Inhibitor (PAI-1 in the androgen-independent human prostate cancer cell model. Materials and Methods. PC-3 prostate cancer cell line was used. The role of SKIP was evaluated using synthetic small interference RNA (siRNA compounds. The expression of uPA, MMP-9, and PAI-1 was evaluated by zymography assays, RT-PCR, and promoter transactivation analysis. Results. In PC-3 cells TGF-β1 treatment stimulated uPA, PAI-1, and MMP-9 expressions. The knockdown of SKIP in PC-3 cells enhanced the basal level of uPA, and TGF-β1 treatment inhibited uPA production. Both PAI-1 and MMP-9 production levels were increased in response to TGF-β1. The ectopic expression of SKIP inhibited both TGF-β1-induced uPA and MMP-9 promoter transactivation, while PAI-1 promoter response to the factor was unaffected. Conclusions. SKIP regulates the expression of uPA, PAI-1, and MMP-9 stimulated by TGF-β1 in PC-3 cells. Thus, SKIP is implicated in the regulation of extracellular matrix degradation and can therefore be suggested as a novel therapeutic target in prostate cancer treatment.

ELIPGRID-PC: A PC program for calculating hot spot probabilities

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Davidson, J.R.

1994-10-01

ELIPGRID-PC, a new personal computer program has been developed to provide easy access to Singer's 1972 ELIPGRID algorithm for hot-spot detection probabilities. Three features of the program are the ability to determine: (1) the grid size required for specified conditions, (2) the smallest hot spot that can be sampled with a given probability, and (3) the approximate grid size resulting from specified conditions and sampling cost. ELIPGRID-PC also provides probability of hit versus cost data for graphing with spread-sheets or graphics software. The program has been successfully tested using Singer's published ELIPGRID results. An apparent error in the original ELIPGRID code has been uncovered and an appropriate modification incorporated into the new program

Glycosaminoglycan composition of PC12 pheochromocytoma cells: a comparison with PC12D cells, a new subline of PC12 cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Katoh-Semba, R.; Oohira, A.; Sano, M.; Watanabe, K.; Kitajima, S.; Kashiwamata, S.

1989-03-01

PC12D cells, a new subline of conventional PC12 cells, respond not only to nerve growth factor but also to cyclic AMP by extending their neurites. These cells are flat in shape and are similar in appearance to PC12 cells that have been treated with nerve growth factor for a few days. In both cell lines, we have characterized the glycosaminoglycans, the polysaccharide moieties of proteoglycans, which are believed to play an important role in cell adhesion and in cell morphology. Under the present culture conditions, only chondroitin sulfate was detected in the media from PC12 and PC12D cells, whereas both chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate were found in the cell layers. The levels of cell-associated heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate were about twofold and fourfold higher in PC12D cells than in PC12 cells, respectively. Compared to PC12 cells, the amounts of (/sup 35/S)sulfate incorporated for 48 h into chondroitin sulfate were twofold lower but those into heparan sulfate were 35% higher in PC12D cells. The amount of chondroitin sulfate released by PC12D cells into the medium was about a half of that released by PC12 cells. The ratio of (/sup 35/S)sulfate-labeled heparan sulfate to chondroitin sulfate was 6.2 in PC12D cells and 2.2 in PC12 cells. These results suggest that there may be some correlation between the increase in content of glycosaminoglycans and the change in cell morphology, which is followed by neurite outgrowth.

Consenso mexicano sobre estreñimiento crónico

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J.M. Remes-Troche

2018-04-01

Full Text Available Resumen: Introducción: Desde la publicación de las guías de diagnóstico y tratamiento del estreñimiento crónico (EC en México de la Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología en el 2011 se han producido avances significativos en el conocimiento de la epidemiología, fisiopatología, diagnóstico y tratamiento del EC. Objetivos: Presentar una revisión consensuada del estado actual de los conocimientos sobre el EC que actualice e integre las nuevas evidencias científicas. Métodos: Tres coordinadores generales realizaron una revisión de la bibliografía de enero del 2011 a enero del 2017. Con base en esta, se elaboraron 62 enunciados los cuales fueron enviados para su revisión a 12 expertos nacionales. Los enunciados fueron votados utilizando el sistema Delphi en 3 rondas de votaciones (2 electrónicas y una presencial y calificados de acuerdo con el sistema GRADE. Aquellos que alcanzaron un acuerdo > 75% fueron considerados en este consenso. Resultados y conclusiones: El presente consenso consta de un total de 42 enunciados que actualizan la información sobre el EC y complementan la información que no había sido incluida en las guías previas. Para cada enunciado se presenta la fuerza de la recomendación y el grado de la evidencia. Se provee de una definición actualizada del EC y del EC funcional (EF, y del estreñimiento inducido por opioides (EIO. Se mencionan las estrategias diagnósticas con base en los métodos diagnósticos disponibles, y se emiten recomendaciones con respecto al tratamiento que incluye la evidencia del papel de la dieta y el ejercicio, la fibra, los laxantes, los nuevos fármacos (como prucaloprida, lubiprostona, linaclotida, plecanitida, la terapia de biorretroalimentación y la cirugía. Abstract: Introduction: Significant advances have been made in the knowledge and understanding of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic constipation, since the publication of the 2011

Osteopontin and MMP9: Associations with VEGF Expression/Secretion and Angiogenesis in PC3 Prostate Cancer Cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gupta, Aditi; Zhou, Cindy Q.; Chellaiah, Meenakshi A., E-mail: mchellaiah@umaryland.edu [Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 (United States)

2013-05-27

Osteopontin and MMP9 are implicated in angiogenesis and cancer progression. The objective of this study is to gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying angiogenesis, and to elucidate the role of osteopontin in this process. We report here that osteopontin/αvβ3 signaling pathway which involves ERK1/2 phosphorylation regulates the expression of VEGF. An inhibitor to MEK or curcumin significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and expression of VEGF. MMP9 knockdown reduces the secretion but not the expression of VEGF. Moreover, MMP9 knockdown increases the release of angiostatin, a key protein that suppresses angiogenesis. Conditioned media from PC3 cells treated with curcumin or MEK inhibitor inhibited tube formation in vitro in human microvascular endothelial cells. Similar inhibitory effect on tube formation was found with conditioned media collected from PC3 cells expressing mutant-osteopontin at integrin-binding site and knockdown of osteopontin or MMP9. We conclude that MMP9 activation is associated with angiogenesis via regulation of secretion of VEGF and angiostatin in PC3 cells. Curcumin is thus a potential drug for cancer treatment because it demonstrated anti-angiogenic and anti-invasive properties.

Validez concurrente de la versión española del cuestionario de recuperación-estrés para deportistas (RESTQ-SPORT

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Ren\\u00E9 Gonz\\u00E1lez-Boto

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El objeto del presente estudio ha sido investigar la validez concurrente de la versión española del Cuestionario de Recuperación Estrés para Deportistas (RESTQ-Sport, mediante la comparación con el Perfil de los Estados de Ánimo (POMS y la escala de Ansiedad-Estado del Inventario de Ansiedad Estado/Rasgo (STAI. Participaron 194 deportistas (53% varones, y 47% mujeres. Las escalas Tensión, Depresión, Cólera, Fatiga y Confusión del POMS mostraron correlaciones positivas con las escalas y factores de estrés y correlaciones negativas con las escalas y factores de recuperación del RESTQ-Sport. La escala de Vigor del POMS correlacionó positivamente con las escalas y factores de recuperación y negativamente con las escalas y factores de estrés del RESTQ-Sport. La ansiedad-estado correlacionó de forma positiva con las escalas de estrés y de forma negativa con las escalas de recuperación. Los datos obtenidos confirman la validez concurrente de la adaptaciónespañola del RESTQ-Sport.

Biomimicry 1: PC.

Science.gov (United States)

Cumberland, D C; Gunn, J; Malik, N; Holt, C M

1998-01-01

The surface properties of stents can be modified by coating them, for example with a polymer. Phosphorylcoline (PC) is the major component of the outer layer of the cell membrane. The haemo- and biocompatibility of a PC-containing polymer is thus based on biomimicry, and has been confirmed by several experiments showing much reduced thrombogenicity of PC-coated surfaces, and porcine coronary artery implants showing no sign of adverse effect. Clinical experience with the PC-coated BiodivYsio appears favourable. The PC coating can be tailored for take up and controlled elution of various drugs for stent-based local delivery, a property which is being actively explored.

Efecto de una intervención de promoción de la parentalidad positiva sobre el estrés parental

OpenAIRE

Noelia Vázquez; Pilar Ramos; M. Cruz Molina; Lucía Artazcoz

2016-01-01

Fundamentos: los programas de educación parental, promotores de la parentalidad positiva, reducen el estrés parental. En España y Latinoamérica son escasas las evaluaciones que evidencian dichos efectos y en ningún caso exploran los predictores de éxito. Este estudio a naliza los cambios producidos por el “ Programa de desarrollo de habilidades parentales para familias ” (PHP), basado en la educación parental y promovido por enfermeras comunitarias sobre el estrés parental, e identifica...

Bioquímica sanguínea y concentración plasmática de corticosterona en pollo de engorde bajo estrés calórico

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Elvis Alexander Díaz López

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Las altas temperaturas ambientales propician susceptibilidad al estrés calórico en los pollos de engorde, lo que genera cambios metabólicos. Se buscó determinar los cambios en la bioquímica sanguínea y la concentración plasmática de corticosterona del pollo de engorde sometido a estrés calórico crónico y a las condiciones de temperatura ambiental del piedemonte amazónico colombiano, sobre las concentraciones plasmáticas de corticosterona, glucosa, proteínas totales, albumina, globulina, sodio, cloro, potasio, magnesio, fósforo y calcio. Se utilizaron pollos machos de 2 estirpes de 21 días de edad, distribuidos en un diseño experimental irrestrictamente al azar, en un esquema bifactorial, con 4 tratamientos. Se hicieron 5 repeticiones por tratamiento y 25 animales por unidad experimental. Las aves fueron alimentadas con una dieta básica de maíz y torta de soya con 3,100 Kcal de EM y 19,5 % de proteína hasta los 42 días de edad. El factor estirpe no tuvo efecto en las variables evaluadas (p ≥ 0,05. No obstante, existió diferencia estadística significativa (p ≤ 0,05 en todas las variables evaluadas al ser comparadas las concentraciones de los metabolitos de las aves en condiciones de estrés calórico crónico con las de las aves expuestas a las condiciones de temperatura del piedemonte amazónico colombiano. Se concluyó que la bioquímica sanguínea sufrió modificaciones significativas bajo las 2 temperaturas experimentales, con mayor detrimento fisiológico de las aves con estrés calórico crónico. La concentración de corticosterona se constituyó en el indicador más sensible y constante de la condición fisiológica de estrés crónico por calor.

Evaluation of anticancer activity of Cordia dichotoma leaves against a human prostate carcinoma cell line, PC3.

Science.gov (United States)

Rahman, Md Azizur; Sahabjada; Akhtar, Juber

2017-07-01

Mechanisms of antioxidant and apoptosis induction may be involved in the management of cancer by medicinal plants. Aim of the study was designed to evaluate anticancer activity of the methanolic extract of Cordia dichotoma leaves (MECD) against a human prostate carcinoma cell line, PC3. Flavonoid content was determined by colorimetric principle and antioxidant activity by various in vitro assays. MTT, DCFH-DA and DAPI staining assays were performed for the evaluation of cytotoxicity, analysis of induction of apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity level by MECD against human prostate carcinoma cell line, PC3. Flavonoid content was found to be 160 mg QE/g extract. IC 50 values for MECD treatment in various assays based on scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylenebenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), nitric oxide, peroxy radical, superoxide anion, hydroxy radical were found to be 315.5, 38, 476, 523, 197, 82 μg/ml respectively. MECD exposure to PC3 cells significantly increased the cell death (p < 0.001, IC 50  = 74.5 μg/ml), nuclear condensation, apoptosis (p < 0.001) and induced production of ROS (p < 0.001) initiating apoptotic cascade in a dose dependent manner. This study confirms that MECD possesses antioxidant property and can prevent carcinogenesis by reducing oxidative stress. MECD possesses anticancer activity and lead to PC3 cell death via induction of apoptosis mediated through excessive ROS generation. Flavonoids in MECD may be responsible for these activities due to dual antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties.

Adenovirus E2F1 Overexpression Sensitizes LNCaP and PC3 Prostate Tumor Cells to Radiation In Vivo

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Udayakumar, Thirupandiyur S.; Stoyanova, Radka; Hachem, Paul; Ahmed, Mansoor M.; Pollack, Alan

2011-01-01

Purpose: We previously showed that E2F1 overexpression radiosensitizes prostate cancer cells in vitro. Here, we demonstrate the radiosensitization efficacy of adenovirus (Ad)-E2F1 infection in growing (orthotopic) LNCaP and (subcutaneous) PC3 nude mice xenograft tumors. Methods and Materials: Ad-E2F1 was injected intratumorally in LNCaP (3 x 10 8 plaque-forming units [PFU]) and PC3 (5 x 10 8 PFU) tumors treated with or without radiation. LNCaP tumor volumes (TV) were measured by magnetic resonance imaging, caliper were used to measure PC3 tumors, and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Apoptosis was measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling, and key proteins involved in cell death signaling were analyzed by Western blotting. Results: Intracellular overexpression of Ad-E2F1 had a significant effect on the regression of TV and reduction of PSA levels relative to that of adenoviral luciferase (Ad-Luc)-infected control. The in vivo regressing effect of Ad-E2F1 on LNCaP tumor growth was significant (PSA, 34 ng/ml; TV, 142 mm 3 ) compared to that of Ad-Luc control (PSA, 59 ng/ml; TV, 218 mm 3 ; p 3 to Ad-Luc+RT/PSA, 42 ng/ml, and TV, 174 mm 3 , respectively; p <0.05). For PC3 tumors, the greatest effect was observed with Ad-E2F1 infection alone; there was little or no effect when radiotherapy (RT) was combined. However, addition of RT enhanced the level of in situ apoptosis in PC3 tumors. Molecularly, addition of Ad-E2F1 in a combination treatment abrogated radiation-induced BCL-2 protein expression and was associated with an increase in activated BAX, and together they caused a potent radiosensitizing effect, irrespective of p53 and androgen receptor functional status. Conclusions: We show here for the first time that ectopic overexpression of E2F1 in vivo, using an adenoviral vector, significantly inhibits orthotopic p53 wild-type LNCaP tumors and subcutaneous

Coumestrol suppresses hypoxia inducible factor 1α by inhibiting ROS mediated sphingosine kinase 1 in hypoxic PC-3 prostate cancer cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Cho, Sung-Yun; Cho, Sunmi; Park, Eunkyung; Kim, Bonglee; Sohn, Eun Jung; Oh, Bumsuk; Lee, Eun-Ok; Lee, Hyo-Jeong; Kim, Sung-Hoon

2014-06-01

Among many signals to regulate hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) is also involved in various biological activities such as cell growth, survival, invasion, angiogenesis, and carcinogenesis. Thus, in the present study, molecular mechanisms of coumestrol were investigated on the SPHK1 and HIF-1α signaling pathway in hypoxic PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Coumestrol significantly suppressed SPHK1 activity and accumulation of HIF-1α in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in hypoxic PC-3 cells. In addition, coumestrol inhibited the phosphorylation status of AKT and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK 3β) signaling involved in cancer metabolism. Furthermore, SPHK1 siRNA transfection, sphigosine kinase inhibitor (SKI), reactive oxygen species (ROS) enhanced the inhibitory effect of coumestrol on the accumulation of HIF-1α and the expression of pAKT and pGSK 3β in hypoxic PC-3 cells by combination index. Overall, our findings suggest that coumestrol suppresses the accumulation of HIF-1α via suppression of SPHK1 pathway in hypoxic PC-3 cells. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Respuesta al estrés, Temperamento y Crianza en niños colombianos de 1 año

OpenAIRE

Marta Martínez, Colombia; María Cristina García, Colombia; Daniel Camilo Aguirre-Acevedo, Colombia

2015-01-01

(analítico):Este estudio busco explorar las relaciones entre el temperamento de una muestra de niños de 1 año (264), las expectativas y prácticas de crianza de sus padres y el cortisol en saliva como respuesta al estrés en una submuestra de la anterior (59). La respuesta al estrés se encontró asociada con la variable prácticas disciplinarias (R=0,31) y se correlaciono negativamente con las variables extroversión (R=-0,35) y regulación (-0,21). No se encontró correlación entre las variables de...

A locus for isolated cataract on human Xp.

Science.gov (United States)

Francis, P J; Berry, V; Hardcastle, A J; Maher, E R; Moore, A T; Bhattacharya, S S

2002-02-01

To genetically map the gene causing isolated X linked cataract in a large European pedigree. Using the patient registers at Birmingham Women's Hospital, UK, we identified and examined 23 members of a four generation family with nuclear cataract. Four of six affected males also had complex congenital heart disease. Pedigree data were collated and leucocyte DNA extracted from venous blood. Linkage analysis by PCR based microsatellite marker genotyping was used to identify the disease locus and mutations within candidate genes screened by direct sequencing. The disease locus was genetically refined to chromosome Xp22, within a 3 cM linkage interval flanked by markers DXS9902 and DXS999 (Zmax=3.64 at theta=0 for marker DXS8036). This is the first report of a locus for isolated inherited cataract on the X chromosome. The disease interval lies within the Nance-Horan locus suggesting allelic heterogeneity. The apparent association with congenital cardiac anomalies suggests a possible new oculocardiac syndrome.

Afrontamiento y sensibilidad emocional como moderadores de la relación estrés-salud en médicos venezolanos

OpenAIRE

Lisbeth Bethelmy; Leticia Guarino

2013-01-01

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el rol moderador de la sensibilidad emocional y los estilos de afrontamiento en la relación estrés-salud en médicos venezolanos. La muestra estuvo conformada por 130 médicos que trabajan en unidades críticas de hospitales públicos de la ciudad de Caracas, a quienes se evaluó su nivel de estrés laboral, sensibilidad emocional, estilos de afrontamiento y salud percibida. Las regresiones jerárquicas indicaron que los estilos de afrontamiento r...

Estrés psicosocial laboral en embarazadas del sector de la salud de Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba 2005-2006

OpenAIRE

María de Lourdes Marrero; María de los Angeles Aguilera; María Guadalupe Aldrete

2008-01-01

Objetivos. Evaluar el nivel el nivel de estrés psicosocial laboral según los modelos demanda-control de la tensión laboral y desbalance esfuerzo-recompensa; y determinar asociaciones entre el estrés psicosocial laboral y trastornos del embarazo. Materiales y métodos. Estudio de cohorte prospectivo con 78 trabajadoras embarazadas del sector de la salud, en un municipio de la ciudad de La Habana, Cuba, en el periodo 2005-2006. Las encuestadas respondieron una versión al español del Job Content ...

High expression of sphingosine kinase 1 and S1P receptors in chemotherapy-resistant prostate cancer PC3 cells and their camptothecin-induced up-regulation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Akao, Yukihiro; Banno, Yoshiko; Nakagawa, Yoshihito; Hasegawa, Nobuko; Kim, Tack-Joong; Murate, Takashi; Igarashi, Yasuyuki; Nozawa, Yoshinori

2006-01-01

Although most of pharmacological therapies for cancer utilize the apoptotic machinery of the cells, the available anti-cancer drugs are limited due to the ability of prostate cancer cells to escape from the anti-cancer drug-induced apoptosis. A human prostate cancer cell line PC3 is resistant to camptothecin (CPT). To elucidate the mechanism of this resistance, we have examined the involvement of sphingosine kinase (SPHK) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor in CPT-resistant PC3 and -sensitive LNCaP cells. PC3 cells exhibited higher activity accompanied with higher expression levels of protein and mRNA of SPHK1, and also elevated expression of S1P receptors, S1P 1 and S1P 3 , as compared with those of LNCaP cells. The knockdown of SPHK1 by small interfering RNA and inhibition of S1P receptor signaling by pertussis toxin in PC3 cells induced significant inhibition of cell growth, suggesting implication of SPHK1 and S1P receptors in cell proliferation in PC3 cells. Furthermore, the treatment of PC3 cells with CPT was found to induce up-regulation of the SPHK1/S1P signaling by induction of both SPHK1 enzyme and S1P 1 /S1P 3 receptors. These findings strongly suggest that high expression and up-regulation of SPHK1 and S1P receptors protect PC3 cells from the apoptosis induced by CPT

Estrógenos, envejecimiento y enfermedad de Alzheimer Estrogens, aging and Alzheimer's dosiase

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Fabio Sánchez E.

1999-03-01

Full Text Available El posible papel protector que ejercen los estrógenos en el envejecimiento y en la prevención de la enfermedad de Alzheimer es un tema de mucho interés y de investigación hoy en día. Existen evidencias de que la merma en la producción de estrógenos después de la menopausia está asociada con deterioro cognitivo que puede subsanarse o prevenirse con el uso de terapia de sustitución hormonal. Algunos estudios han concluido, además, que la terapia de sustitución hormonal con estrógenos se relaciona con disminución del riesgo de desarrollar enfermedad de Alzheimer o, por lo menos, con un retardo en su inicio. Otros estudios clínicos evidencian, aunque de manera preliminar, que los estrógenos pueden mejorar las funciones cognitivas en mujeres con enfermedad de Alzheimer. Sin embargo, estas evidencias no son suficientes aún para recomendar el uso indiscriminado de estrógenos en todas las mujeres postmenopáusicas ni en las afectadas por demencia. Habrá que esperar los resultados del estudio prospectivo WHI-MS que analizará los efectos de la terapia de sustitución hormonal sobre el desarrollo de la demencia en una gran población femenina. Este estudio los definirá a más tardar en unos 7 años. Ante una enfermedad incurable como la de Alzheimer, cualquier terapia que ofrezca un retardo en la edad de aparición, que reduzca su severidad o la velocidad de progresión o produzca mejoría en la calidad de vida, se convierte de hecho en asunto de interés para todos los afectados y para la comunidad científica que estudia este trastorno. The possible protective role of estrogens in aging and Alzheimer‘s disease, is presently a subject of considerable interest and research. There are evidences that decreased estrogen production after menopause is associated with cognitive deterioration that can be prevented or corrected with hormonal substitution therapy (HST. Some studies have concluded that HST with estrogens is related with a

Inhibition of Hypoxia Inducible Factor Alpha and Astrocyte-Elevated Gene-1 Mediates Cryptotanshinone Exerted Antitumor Activity in Hypoxic PC-3 Cells

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Hyo-Jeong Lee

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Although cryptotanshinone (CT was known to exert antitumor activity in several cancers, its molecular mechanism under hypoxia still remains unclear. Here, the roles of AEG-1 and HIF-1α in CT-induced antitumor activity were investigated in hypoxic PC-3 cells. CT exerted cytotoxicity against prostate cancer cells and suppressed HIF-1α accumulation and AEG-1 expression in hypoxic PC-3 cells. Also, AEG-1 was overexpressed in prostate cancer cells. Interestingly, HIF-1α siRNA transfection enhanced the cleavages of caspase-9,3, and PAPR and decreased expression of Bcl-2 and AEG1 induced by CT in hypoxic PC-3 cells. Of note, DMOG enhanced the stability of AEG-1 and HIF-1α during hypoxia. Additionally, CT significantly reduced cellular level of VEGF in PC-3 cells and disturbed tube formation of HUVECs. Consistently, ChIP assay revealed that CT inhibited the binding of HIF-1α to VEGF promoter. Furthermore, CT at 10 mg/kg suppressed the growth of PC-3 cells in BALB/c athymic nude mice by 46.4% compared to untreated control. Consistently, immunohistochemistry revealed decreased expression of Ki-67, CD34, VEGF, carbonic anhydrase IX, and AEG-1 indices in CT-treated group compared to untreated control. Overall, our findings suggest that CT exerts antitumor activity via inhibition of HIF-1α, AEG1, and VEGF as a potent chemotherapeutic agent.

Estrés Materno y Configuración Familiar: Estudio comparativo en Familias Chilenas Monoparentales y Nucleares de bajos ingresos / Maternal Stress and Family Constitution: Comparative Study on Chilean, Single-Mother and Nuclear, Low-Income Families

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Marcia Olhaberry

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Los estudios sobre estrés materno durante la crianza infantil han considerado variables contextuales para explicarlo. El nivel socioeconómico, así como la configuración familiar han sido variables relevantes, asociándose monoparentalidad en familias de bajos ingresos a mayores niveles de estrés materno. Se estudian los niveles de estrés materno en familias chilenas nucleares y monoparentales de N.S.E. bajo, considerando el estrés en distintas dimensiones, asociado al rol materno, a la interacción madre-hijo(a y a la percepción de dificultades en el niño(a percibidas por la madre. Se estudia un total de 169 diadas, 80 pertenecientes a familias monoparentales y 89 pertenecientes a familias nucleares con niños(as entre los 4 y 15 meses de edad. Se evaluaron los niveles de estrés materno con el Parental Stress Index, versión abreviada, desarrollado por R. Abidin (1995. Los resultados muestran niveles de estrés significativamente más altos en las madres pertenecientes a familias monoparentales en el estrés asociado al rol materno, a la percepción del niño(a como difícil y en el estrés total.

Three-dimensional quantification of vorticity and helicity from 3D cine PC-MRI using finite-element interpolations.

Science.gov (United States)

Sotelo, Julio; Urbina, Jesús; Valverde, Israel; Mura, Joaquín; Tejos, Cristián; Irarrazaval, Pablo; Andia, Marcelo E; Hurtado, Daniel E; Uribe, Sergio

2018-01-01

We propose a 3D finite-element method for the quantification of vorticity and helicity density from 3D cine phase-contrast (PC) MRI. By using a 3D finite-element method, we seamlessly estimate velocity gradients in 3D. The robustness and convergence were analyzed using a combined Poiseuille and Lamb-Ossen equation. A computational fluid dynamics simulation was used to compared our method with others available in the literature. Additionally, we computed 3D maps for different 3D cine PC-MRI data sets: phantom without and with coarctation (18 healthy volunteers and 3 patients). We found a good agreement between our method and both the analytical solution of the combined Poiseuille and Lamb-Ossen. The computational fluid dynamics results showed that our method outperforms current approaches to estimate vorticity and helicity values. In the in silico model, we observed that for a tetrahedral element of 2 mm of characteristic length, we underestimated the vorticity in less than 5% with respect to the analytical solution. In patients, we found higher values of helicity density in comparison to healthy volunteers, associated with vortices in the lumen of the vessels. We proposed a novel method that provides entire 3D vorticity and helicity density maps, avoiding the used of reformatted 2D planes from 3D cine PC-MRI. Magn Reson Med 79:541-553, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

A human Polycomb isoform lacking the Pc box does not participate to PRC1 complexes but forms protein assemblies and represses transcription.

Science.gov (United States)

Völkel, Pamela; Le Faou, Perrine; Vandamme, Julien; Pira, Dorcas; Angrand, Pierre-Olivier

2012-05-01

Polycomb repression controls the expression of hundreds of genes involved in development and is mediated by essentially two classes of chromatin-associated protein complexes. The Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) trimethylates histone H3 at lysine 27, an epigenetic mark that serves as a docking site for the PRC1 protein complex. Drosophila core PRC1 is composed of four subunits: Polycomb (Pc), Posterior sex combs (Psc), Polyhomeotic (Ph) and Sex combs extra (Sce). Each of these proteins has multiple orthologs in vertebrates, thus generating an enormous scope for potential combinatorial diversity. In particular, mammalian genomes encode five Pc family members: CBX2, CBX4, CBX6, CBX7 and CBX8. To complicate matters further, distinct isoforms might arise from single genes. Here, we address the functional role of the two human CBX2 isoforms. Owing to different polyadenylation sites and alternative splicing events, the human CBX2 locus produces two transcripts: a 5-exon transcript that encodes the 532-amino acid CBX2-1 isoform that contains the conserved chromodomain and Pc box and a 4-exon transcript encoding a shorter isoform, CBX2-2, lacking the Pc box but still possessing a chromodomain. Using biochemical approaches and a novel in vivo imaging assay, we show that the short CBX2-2 isoform lacking the Pc box, does not participate in PRC1 protein complexes, but self-associates in vivo and forms complexes of high molecular weight. Furthermore, the CBX2 short isoform is still able to repress transcription, suggesting that Polycomb repression might occur in the absence of PRC1 formation.

Relación entre estrés laboral, alucinación y experiencias anómalas entre profesionales de enfermería

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Alejandro Enrique-Parra,

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: evaluar el tipo y frecuencia de experiencias perceptuales inusuales en ámbitos hospitalarios, así como su relación con el estrés laboral y la absorción, y comparar tales experiencias en enfermeros (os que las han tenido. Materiales y Métodos: se analizó una muestra de 39 enfermeros (as con tales experiencias y un grupo control de 61 profesionales (sin experiencias. Las enfermeros (as completaron cuatro instrumentos: la Encuesta de Experiencias Anómalo/Paranormales en Enfermeras y Trabajadores de la Salud, el Maslach Burnout Inventory que mide el estrés laboral, el Cuestionario de Experiencias Alucinatorias que evalúa la propensión a la alucinación y la Escala de Absorción de Tellegen que evalúa el grado de involucramiento en la percepción. Resultados: los profesionales que reportaron tales experiencias no tendían a experimentar mayor estrés laboral, en comparación con un grupo control, en contra de la principal hipótesis; sin embargo, mostraron mayor frecuencia experiencias perceptivas anómalas asociadas a la capacidad de absorción psicológica, que resultó el principal predictor entre enfermeras con experiencia y el grupo control [β= 0,33, p= 0,005; R2= 0,12] combinando estrés laboral y propensión a la alucinación. Conclusión: el análisis estadístico confirma que los profesionales de enfermería que reportan experiencias perceptuales inusuales, tienden a mostrar mayor absorción psicológica, de igual forma, mayor propensión a alucinar; sin embargo, ninguna de estas variables se relaciona con el estrés laboral. El turno de noche es el más propenso a estas experiencias.

Concepto lego de estrés en estudiantes universitarios

OpenAIRE

Revuelta Pérez, Francisco; Rodríguez Fernández, Luisa María; Atienza Martín, Francisco Javier; Losada Ruiz, Carmen

2013-01-01

El término estrés ha llegado a ser uno de los más utilizados en el contexto de la salud y la enfermedad. No obstante, no hay un consenso generalizado acerca de su definición por parte de los profesionales pertinentes, como tampoco por lo que respecta a los no expertos. Si es importante esta cuestión en relación con los primeros, no deja de serlo para los segundos. En general, las creencias, conceptos y teorías legas afectan a las percepciones de las personas y a las ...

Nuevos genes reguladores de la tolerancia a estrés abiótico en Arabidopsis.

OpenAIRE

MARTÍNEZ MACÍAS, FÉLIX

2015-01-01

Martínez Macías, F. (2015). Nuevos genes reguladores de la tolerancia a estrés abiótico en Arabidopsis [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. doi:10.4995/Thesis/10251/48560. TESIS

Heterotic trait locus (HTL) mapping identifies intra-locus interactions that underlie reproductive hybrid vigor in Sorghum bicolor.

Science.gov (United States)

Ben-Israel, Imri; Kilian, Benjamin; Nida, Habte; Fridman, Eyal

2012-01-01

Identifying intra-locus interactions underlying heterotic variation among whole-genome hybrids is a key to understanding mechanisms of heterosis and exploiting it for crop and livestock improvement. In this study, we present the development and first use of the heterotic trait locus (HTL) mapping approach to associate specific intra-locus interactions with an overdominant heterotic mode of inheritance in a diallel population using Sorghum bicolor as the model. This method combines the advantages of ample genetic diversity and the possibility of studying non-additive inheritance. Furthermore, this design enables dissecting the latter to identify specific intra-locus interactions. We identified three HTLs (3.5% of loci tested) with synergistic intra-locus effects on overdominant grain yield heterosis in 2 years of field trials. These loci account for 19.0% of the heterotic variation, including a significant interaction found between two of them. Moreover, analysis of one of these loci (hDPW4.1) in a consecutive F2 population confirmed a significant 21% increase in grain yield of heterozygous vs. homozygous plants in this locus. Notably, two of the three HTLs for grain yield are in synteny with previously reported overdominant quantitative trait loci for grain yield in maize. A mechanism for the reproductive heterosis found in this study is suggested, in which grain yield increase is achieved by releasing the compensatory tradeoffs between biomass and reproductive output, and between seed number and weight. These results highlight the power of analyzing a diverse set of inbreds and their hybrids for unraveling hitherto unknown allelic interactions mediating heterosis.

Estudios bioarqueológios de marcadores de estrés ocupacional en cazadores recolectores pampeanos del Holoceno Temprano-Medio

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Scabuzzo, Clara

2012-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo general de este trabajo es, desde una perspectiva bioarqueológica, aproximarse a los modos de vida de los cazadores recolectores a partir del análisis de las actividades físicas cotidianas. Específicamente se plantea llevar a cabo el estudio de los marcadores de estrés ocupacional (M.E.O. Estas marcas de actividad, que quedan registrados en el esqueleto como consecuencia del uso del cuerpo y de los patrones de actividad física de los individuos, pueden ser tanto de carácter patológico como no patológico. Dentro de las modificaciones patológicas se incluye la osteoartritis, las fracturas y las lesiones de estrés; en tanto que las no patológicas abarcan los marcadores de estrés músculo-esqueletal y los posturales. En este trabajo fueron consideradas las señales de degeneración articular y los marcadores de estrés músculo-esqueletal. Se analizaron los esqueletos adultos del sitio Arroyo Seco 2 (Partido de Tres Arroyos, Provincia de Buenos Aires. En este sitio se exhumó un total de 44 esqueletos, de adultos y subadultos, ubicados temporalmente a partir de varios fechados radiocarbónicos, en el Holoceno temprano-medio. Los resultados sugieren que en los grupos cazadores recolectores pampeanos de esa etapa existió una división en las tareas cotidianas entre los sexos. Los hombres estuvieron implicados desde la adultez temprana en actividades físicas de mayor exigencia corporal, en tanto que las mujeres desarrollaron tareas de menor desgaste físico

Estrés y ansiedad maternos y su relación con el éxito de la lactancia materna

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Remigio Rafael Gorrita Pérez

Full Text Available Introducción: la lactancia materna es la única forma natural de alimentar al bebé, e inigualable para su crecimiento y desarrollo. Múltiples son los factores que se han relacionado con el establecimiento o no de una lactancia materna exitosa. Objetivo: identificar en las madres, los niveles de vulnerabilidad al estrés y de ansiedad como estado, y su relación con el éxito de la lactancia materna. Métodos: se realizó un estudio prospectivo y descriptivo. Se estudiaron 101 madres y sus hijos de 13 consultorios del Policlínico "Luis Augusto Turcios Lima", de San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, entre el 1ro. de febrero de 2012 y el 30 de enero de 2013. Resultados: el 76,2 % de madres estaba en el rango de 20 a 35 años, 89,8 % tenían pareja estable, el 50,5 % nivel preuniversitario y el 41,4 % de ellas padecían de asma bronquial. La vulnerabilidad al estrés y la ansiedad como estado se encontraban al final del tercer trimestre en el 46,5 y 56,4 % respectivamente. El 49,5 % de las madres ofreció lactancia materna exclusiva por 4 o 5 meses, y el 27,7 % hasta los 6 meses. Lograron mejores índices de lactancia materna exclusiva a los 4, 5 y 6 meses aquellas con menores niveles de vulnerabilidad al estrés y de estado de ansiedad. Conclusiones: se evidenció que existe una estrecha relación entre los niveles de estrés y ansiedad y el éxito de la lactancia materna.

El estrés y la habituación alcohólica

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Tomás Rodríguez López

1998-08-01

Full Text Available Se parte del conocimiento y la experiencia acumulada durante más de 10 años de estudio y tratamiento de pacientes alcohólicos; se resalta que cada día con mayor frecuencia «en la botella, la inconformidad busca satisfacción; la cobardía, valor y la timidez, confianza», por lo que es frecuente que las situaciones que generan estrés, inevitables en la vida moderna, determinan las primeras experiencias del alcohólico camino de su habituación. Se destacan las más frecuentes situaciones físicas, sociales y psicológicas que puedan resultar fuente de estrés y los principales estilos de enfrentamiento o respuesta psicológica en la interacción con el medio donde la personalidad se forma y madura, y queda reducida a introvertido, extrovertido y flexible. Después de destacar las múltiples formas en que el estrés puede dar lugar a la búsqueda del alcohol, su utilización, para, amortiguar las condiciones estresantes y constituir el riesgo de que estas experiencias sean el inicio de una habituación de variable gravedad, se formula un grupo de consejos que se recomienda tener muy en cuenta para hacer frente de forma efectiva al estrés inevitable, y se destaca la conducta ideal del hombre sano, maduro y flexible, del que se dice no bebe, si bebe no se embriaga, y si se embriaga, no repite la ingestaThis paper is based on the knowledgement and experiences accumulated for over 10 years of study and treatment of alcoholic patients. It is underlined that ever more frequently «drinking bottle represents satisfaction for nonconformists, courage for cowards and self-confidence for timids», so very often those stress-generating conditions, inevitable in modern life, lead to the first alcohol-taking experiences which may become a habit. Also the paper stresses the most common physical, social and psychological situations that may result in stress and the main styles of confrontation or psychological response in the interaction with the

Estrés de rol y satisfacción laboral: examinando el papel mediador del engagement en el trabajo

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Alejandro Orgambídez-Ramos

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio es examinar las relaciones entre estrés de rol, engagement y satisfacción laboral de acuerdo con el modelo demandas-recursos laborales. El modelo propuesto plantea que el engagement media la relación entre ambigüedad, conflicto y sobrecarga de rol, por un lado y satisfacción en el trabajo, por el otro. Para verificar el modelo, se obtuvieron datos de una muestra de 586 trabajadores del sur de Espana ( ˜ Medad = 37.11, 50% mujeres. El ajuste del modelo y de la mediación se realizaron mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (path analysis. Los resultados mostraron que el conflicto de rol y la ambigüedad de rol junto con el engagement fueron predictores significativos de la satisfacción laboral. No obstante, el engagement no medió la relación entre el estrés de rol y la satisfacción laboral. El estrés de rol como demanda obstaculizadora explicaría el mayor impacto directo sobre la satisfacción que a través del engagement. Se proponen implicaciones prácticas y futuras investigaciones.

Charactering the ZFAND3 gene mapped in the sex-determining locus in hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis spp.)

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Keyi; Liao, Minghui; Liu, Feng; Ye, Baoqing; Sun, Fei; Yue, Gen Hua

2016-01-01

Zinc finger AN1-type domain 3 (ZFAND3) is essential for spermatogenesis in mice. However, its function in teleosts remains unclear. In this study, we characterized the ZFAND3 gene (termed as OsZFAND3) in an important food fish, tilapia. The OsZFAND3 cDNA sequence is 1,050 bp in length, containing an ORF of 615 bp, which encodes a putative peptide of 204 amino acid residues. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that the OsZFAND3 transcripts were exclusively expressed in the testis and ovary. In situ hybridization showed that the high expression of OsZFAND3 transcripts was predominantly localized in the spermatocyte and spermatid. These results suggest that OsZFAND3 is involved in male germ cell maturation. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected in the introns of OsZFAND3. The OsZFAND3 gene was mapped in the sex-determining locus on linkage group 1 (LG1). The three SNPs in the OsZFAND3 gene were strictly associated with sex phenotype, suggesting that the OsZFAND3 gene is tightly linked to the sex-determining locus. Our study provides new insights into the functions of the OsZFAND3 gene in tilapia and a foundation for further detailed analysis of the OsZFAND3 gene in sex determination and differentiation. PMID:27137111

RNAi-mediated knockdown of pituitary tumor-transforming gene-1 (PTTG1) suppresses the proliferation and invasive potential of PC3 human prostate cancer cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Huang, S.Q.; Liao, Q.J.; Wang, X.W.; Xin, D.Q.; Chen, S.X.; Wu, Q.J.; Ye, G.

2012-01-01

Pituitary tumor-transforming gene-1 (PTTG1) is a proto-oncogene that promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis in numerous cell types and is overexpressed in a variety of human tumors. We have demonstrated that PTTG1 expression was up-regulated in both human prostate cancer specimens and prostate cancer cell lines. For a more direct assessment of the function of PTTG1 in prostate tumorigenesis, RNAi-mediated knockdown was used to selectively decrease PTTG1 expression in PC3 human prostate tumor cells. After three weeks of selection, colonies stably transfected with PTTG1-targeted RNAi (the knockdown PC3 cell line) or empty vector (the control PC3 cell line) were selected and expanded to investigate the role of PTTG1 expression in PC3 cell growth and invasion. Cell proliferation rate was significantly slower (28%) in the PTTG1 knockdown line after 6 days of growth as indicated by an MTT cell viability assay (P < 0.05). Similarly, a soft agar colony formation assay revealed significantly fewer (66.7%) PTTG1 knockdown PC3 cell colonies than control colonies after three weeks of growth. In addition, PTTG1 knockdown resulted in cell cycle arrest at G1 as indicated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The PTTG1 knockdown PC3 cell line also exhibited significantly reduced migration through Matrigel in a transwell assay of invasive potential, and down-regulation of PTTG1 could lead to increased sensitivity of these prostate cancer cells to a commonly used anticancer drug, taxol. Thus, PTTG1 expression is crucial for PC3 cell proliferation and invasion, and could be a promising new target for prostate cancer therapy

Cusp-latitude Pc3 spectra: band-limited and power-law components

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P. V. Ponomarenko

Full Text Available This work attempts to fill a gap in comparative studies of upstream-generated Pc3–4 waves and broad band ULF noise observed at cusp latitudes. We performed a statistical analysis of the spectral properties of three years of cusp-latitude ground magnetometer data, finding that the average daytime Pc3–4 spectra are characterized by two principal components: an upstream-related band-limited enhancement (‘signal’ and a power-law background (‘noise’ with S(f a  f ^-4 . Based on this information we developed an algorithm allowing for the deconvolution of these two components in the spectral domain. The frequency of the signal enhancement increases linearly with IMF magnitude as f [mHz] ~ 4.4 | B_IMF | [nT], and its power maximizes around IMF cone angles q_xB ~ 20 and 160° and at 10:30–11:00 MLT. Both spectral components exhibit similar semiannual variations with equinoctial maxima. The back-ground noise power grows with increasing southward B_z and remains nearly constant for northward B_z . Its diurnal variation resembles that of Pc5 field-line resonance power, with a maximum near 09:00 MLT. Both the band-limited signal and broad band noise components show power-law growth with solar wind velocity a V ^5.71_sw and a V ^4.12_sw, respectively. Thus, the effective signal-to-noise ratio increases with in-creasing V_sw. The observations suggest that the noise generation is associated with reconnection processes.

Key words. Magnetospheric physics (magnetopause, cusp, and boundary layers; MHD waves and instabilities; solar wind magnetosphere interactions

Efecto del estrés durante diferentes etapas del ciclo vital sobre el desarrollo de obesidad inducida por la dieta

OpenAIRE

Paternain, L. (Laura); Martinez, J.A. (José Alfredo); Campión-Zabalza, J. (Javier)

2016-01-01

La creciente prevalencia de la obesidad no puede ser atribuible únicamente a factores genéticos o a una mala nutrición como pueden ser las dietas altas en grasa, sino también al estilo de vida y a factores ambientales adversos. Dentro del estilo de vida, la sociedad actual se caracteriza por tener un ritmo acelerado, lo que produce una elevación de la tasa de estrés en la población. Este aumento paralelo tanto de las tasas de obesidad como del estrés, hace necesario el estudio de la interacci...

Modificación de la personalidad mediante una terapia cognitivo-conductual de afrontamiento al estrés

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Julia Linares-Ortiz

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio ha sido comprobar la posibilidad de modulación de variables de personalidad (tales como algunos de los Cinco Grandes Factores, o la personalidad resistente a través de la aplicación de un programa de afrontamiento del estrés. Para ello, han participado 26 personas del ámbito universitario con alto estrés percibido, distribuidas en dos grupos (grupo de tratamiento y grupo de control. Los instrumentos de evaluación seleccionados se clasificaron en dos grupos: variables psicológicas y emocionales y variables de personalidad. Los resultados encontrados mediantes un ANOVA de medidas repetidas mostraron que existía interacción momento x grupo en las variables optimismo, extraversión y responsabilidad, correspondientes al Modelo de los Cinco Grandes Factores, mostrando un incremento de las puntuaciones en estas variables en el grupo terapia y no encontrándose dicha interacción en el grupo control. Las puntuaciones en los componentes de neuroticismo, amabilidad, apertura a la experiencia y personalidad resistente no se modificaron en ninguno de los dos grupos. Este estudio apoya la idea de que modificando determinados parámetros emocionales relacionados con el estrés mediante terapia cognitivo-conductual se pueden ver modulados algunos factores de personalidad.

Cómo se defiende el profesorado de secundaria del estrés: burnout y estrategias de afrontamiento

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Juan Pedro Martínez Ramón

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio descriptivo transversal de diseño ex post facto ha sido conocer el modo de defenderse del estrés el profesorado de secundaria, analizando la relación existente entre el síndrome de burnout y las estrategias de afrontamiento en una muestra de 221 docentes de centros públicos y centros concertados-privados en el municipio de Murcia. Para ello, se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico ad hoc, el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI y el Cuestionario de Afrontamiento del Estrés (CAE. Los resultados derivados del análisis descriptivo e inferencial muestran que las estrategias de autofocalización negativa (AFN y de expresión emocional abierta (EEA son utilizadas en mayor medida cuando el profesorado presenta indicadores del síndrome. Por otro lado, las estrategias de focalización en la solución del problema (FSP y la reevaluación positiva (REP se relacionan con una mayor realización personal en el trabajo y por tanto menores niveles de estrés. En conclusión, el conocimiento de las estrategias más eficaces para combatir el burnout permitirá diseñar programas de prevención más ajustados a la realidad educativa.

Factores psicológicos, demográficos y sociales asociados al estrés y a la Personalidad Resistente en adultos mayores

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Zoila Edith Hernández Zamora

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Se muestran los resultados encontrados con relación al constructo Personalidad Resistente (PR y los niveles de estrés en una muestra de 102 adultos mayores. La mayoría de los y las participantes tienen un nivel alto de PR y ninguno resultó con un nivel bajo en este constructo. Las variables asociadas significativamente con una PR alta son: sexo, independencia, escolaridad, autopercepción de salud y repercusión en el estado de ánimo de sus enfermedades. Las variables asociadas con un nivel de estrés bajo son: satisfacción con el apoyo familiar y de amistades, escolaridad, número de enfermedades, autopercepción de salud, influencia en el estado de ánimo de sus enfermedades y estado de ánimo. Estos resultados, además, comprueban la hipótesis de que tener una PR alta está relacionado significativamente con un nivel de estrés bajo.

Estrés y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en padres de niños con leucemia linfoblástica aguda

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José Moral de la Rubia

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract The aims of this research paper were to describe the levels of stress and health-related quality of life (HRQL in parents of children with cancer, to compare central tendency between both sexes, and to predict HRQL. The Perceived Stress Scale and the COOP/WONCA Charts were applied to a non-probability sample of 40 parents. Comparison of the means by Student’s t-test and ANOVA, correlation and paths analysis by maximum likelihood with compliance of the multivariate normality assumption were used for data analysis. There were 27.5% cases of stress. The HRQL mean decreased slightly compared to the mean of general population. This decrease was predicted by higher stress and greater time since diagnosis, being both predictors mutually independent. It is suggested to reduce the stress of parents with group sessions of stress management techniques from the early stages of childhood cancer treatment to improve their levels of HRQ. Resumen El presente artículo de investigación persiguió el objetivo de describir los niveles de estrés y Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud (CVRS en padres de hijos con cáncer, así como comparar la tendencia central entre sexos y la predicción de CVRS. Se utilizaron como instrumentos la Escala de Estrés Percibido y las láminas COOP/WONCA, que fueron aplicadas a una muestra no probabilística de 40 padres. Para el análisis de datos se emplearon la comparación de medias por t de Student y ANOVA, además de correlaciones y análisis de senderos por máxima verosimilitud, cumpliéndose el supuesto de normalidad multivariada. Como resultado, se encontraron 27,5% casos de estrés, cuya media de CVRS disminuyó ligeramente en comparación con la de la población general. Esta disminución fue predicha por mayor estrés y más tiempo transcurrido desde el diagnóstico, siendo ambos predictores independientes. Se sugiere reducir el estrés de los padres con sesiones grupales de técnicas de manejo de estr

Lipoperoxidación de membranas y daño ultraestructural por estrés oxidativo en isquemia-reperfusión miocárdica

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José Milei

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Introducción En modelos experimentales, la formación de especies reactivas del oxígeno durante la reperfusión posisquémica induce “estrés oxidativo” que afecta al miocardio. Dado que los pacientes sometidos a cardioplejía sufren isquemia-reperfusión, se sugirió que en ellos habría estrés oxidativo. Sin embargo, este fenómeno aún no se ha caracterizado correctamente. Objetivo El propósito del presente trabajo fue correlacionar la liberación de glutatión (el paso inicial de estrés oxidativo con marcadores de progresión del daño oxidativo, como peroxidación de lípidos de membrana y desarrollo de alteraciones ultraestructurales. Material y métodos En 24 pacientes sometidos a cirugía de puente aortocoronario se investigaron cambios en varios marcadores de estrés oxidativo y daño tisular durante la reperfusión posisquémica. Se obtuvieron muestras de sangre y biopsias cardíacas basales y luego de la reperfusión a 40,9 ± 11,9 minutos de la cardioplejía. La liberación de glutatión basal fue insignificante (0,02 ± 0,04 µmol/L, pero aumentó a los 15 minutos de la reperfusión (1,10 ± 0,40 µmol/L; p < 0,05; también disminuyeron los niveles tisulares de ubiquinol, de 144,5 ± 52 a 97,6 ± 82 nmol/g (p < 0,05. Aunque estos cambios documentan el estrés oxidativo cardíaco, no hubo alteraciones bioquímicas indicativas de daño celular, ya que no se produjo un incremento de marcadores de peroxidación lipídica, tanto en sangre del seno coronario como en las biopsias cardíacas. Tampoco se observaron alteraciones ultraestructurales importantes. Conclusiones A pesar de observarse estrés oxidativo en pacientes sometidos a cirugía cardíaca, en las condiciones descriptas, no induce lesiones progresivas de membranas ni daño celular irreversible

Biopsias colorectales para el estudio del paciente pediátrico con estreñimiento: experiencia acumulada en los últimos cinco años en un hospital pediátrico Colombiano

OpenAIRE

López Takegami, Juan Carlos Hiromi

2011-01-01

El estreñimiento crónico es un problema de alta prevalencia mundial. Afecta aproximadamente al 8% de los niños. El estreñimiento crónico en aquellos de origen orgánico y los de origen funcional. Del total de pacientes con estreñimiento crónico menos del 10% se deben a causas identificables; de este porcentaje las disganglionosis intestinales o neuropatías entéricas son patologías susceptibles a de ser identificadas en las biopsias colorectales. Se revisaron y clasificaron las biopsias colorec...

Relaxation and Conductivity in P3HT/PC71BM Blends As Revealed by Dielectric Spectroscopy

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Cui, Jing; Martinez-Tong, Daniel E.; Sanz, Alejandro

2016-01-01

The conduction mechanism and the molecular dynamics on the paradigmatic bulk heterojunction formed by poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and phenyl-C-71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) blends have been characterized by dielectric spectroscopy. The results show that hexyl lateral chains of the polym...

Simvastatin inhibits the proliferation of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells via down-regulation of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sekine, Yoshitaka; Furuya, Yosuke; Nishii, Masahiro; Koike, Hidekazu; Matsui, Hiroshi; Suzuki, Kazuhiro

2008-01-01

Recently, statins have been being studied for their proapoptic and antimetastatic effects. However, the exact mechanisms of their anticancer action are still unclear. Dolichyl phosphate is a nonsterol isoprenoid derivative in the mevalonate pathway that affects the expression of the Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R). IGF-1R activation is required for prostate cell proliferation; therefore, IGF-1R inhibitory agents may be of preventive and/or therapeutic value. In this study, the effects of simvastatin on IGF-1R signaling in prostate cancer PC-3 cells were examined. Simvastatin suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis of PC-3, and the expression of IGF-1R was suppressed by simvastatin. Knockdown of IGF-1R by siRNA led to inhibition of proliferation of PC-3. Simvastatin also inhibited IGF-1-induced activation of both ERK and Akt signaling and IGF-1-induced PC-3 cell proliferation. Our results suggest statins are potent inhibitors of the IGF-1/IGF-1R system in prostate cancer cells and may be beneficial in prostate cancer treatment

Bioenergetic and antiapoptotic properties of mitochondria from cultured human prostate cancer cell lines PC-3, DU145 and LNCaP.

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Alexander Panov

Full Text Available The purpose of this work was to reveal the metabolic features of mitochondria that might be essential for inhibition of apoptotic potential in prostate cancer cells. We studied mitochondria isolated from normal prostate epithelial cells (PrEC, metastatic prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP, PC-3, DU145; and non-prostate cancer cells - human fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells; and normal human lymphoblastoid cells. PrEC cells contained 2 to 4 times less mitochondria per gram of cells than the three PC cell lines. Respiratory activities of PrEC cell mitochondria were 5-20-fold lower than PC mitochondria, depending on substrates and the metabolic state, due to lower content and lower activity of the respiratory enzyme complexes. Mitochondria from the three metastatic prostate cancer cell lines revealed several features that are distinctive only to these cells: low affinity of Complex I for NADH, 20-30 mV higher electrical membrane potential (ΔΨ. Unprotected with cyclosporine A (CsA the PC-3 mitochondria required 4 times more Ca²⁺ to open the permeability transition pore (mPTP when compared with the PrEC mitochondria, and they did not undergo swelling even in the presence of alamethicin, a large pore forming antibiotic. In the presence of CsA, the PC-3 mitochondria did not open spontaneously the mPTP. We conclude that the low apoptotic potential of the metastatic PC cells may arise from inhibition of the Ca²⁺-dependent permeability transition due to a very high ΔΨ and higher capacity to sequester Ca²⁺. We suggest that due to the high ΔΨ, mitochondrial metabolism of the metastatic prostate cancer cells is predominantly based on utilization of glutamate and glutamine, which may promote development of cachexia.

Estrategia didáctica para disminuir el estrés académico hacia el contenido estadístico en los estudiantes de medicina

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Arnaldo Espindola Artola

Full Text Available En la carrera de medicina se evidencia desmotivación del estudiante hacia el aprendizaje del contenido estadístico y la presencia del estrés académico que genera este contenido que se imparte en la asignatura Metodología de la Investigación y Estadística. En el trabajo se diseña una estrategia didáctica para la disminución del estrés académico en los alumnos de segundo año de la carrera de medicina. Se realizó un estudio pre-experimental, con análisis cuanti-cualitativo. La muestra estuvo conformada por los 43 estudiantes del grupo A1 y B4, a los cuales se les aplicó un inventario de estrés académico y una entrevista. Como parte del proceso de experimentación se aplicaron diferentes técnicas participativas enfocadas a la enseñanza aprendizaje del contenido estadístico. Para procesar los datos se utilizó el programa SPSS. Finalmente se pudo concluir que la aplicación de técnicas participativas contribuye a minimizar el estrés académico hacia el contenido.

Estrés oxidativo en las cardiopatías congénitas cianóticas

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Dalyla Alonso Rodríguez

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Las cardiopatías y el infarto agudo de miocardio son procesos en cuya fisiopatología están presentes los radicales libres, que causan daños severos en la estructura del miocardio e involucran una cascada de eventos asociados con la pérdida de la integración de las membranas.Con el propósito de determinar la presencia de estrés oxidativo en las cardiopatías congénitas cianóticas, en un grupo de 20 pacientes pediátricos con esta afección se determinaron los niveles de antioxidantes séricos, como albúmina, ceruloplasmina, vitamina C, bilirrubina, ácido úrico, y de LDLox como marcador de daño oxidativo. Los resultados demostraron niveles bajos de vitamina C, hiperbilirrubinemia e hiperuricemia; las cifras de albúmina y ceruloplasmina no se modificaron, a diferencia de la LDLox, que evidenció la presencia de estrés oxidativo en estos pacientes.

WE-F-16A-01: Commissioning and Clinical Use of PC-ISO for Customized, 3D Printed, Gynecological Brachytherapy Applicators

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cunha, J; Sethi, R; Mellis, K; Siauw, T; Sudhyadhom, A; Hsu, I; Pouliot, J

2014-01-01

Purpose: (1) Evaluate the safety and radiation attenuation properties of PCISO, a bio-compatible, sterilizable 3D printing material by Stratasys, (2) establish a method for commissioning customized multi- and single-use 3D printed applicators, (3) report on use of customized vaginal cylinders used to treat a series of serous endometrial cancer patient. Methods: A custom film dosimetry apparatus was designed to hold a Gafchromic radio film segment between two blocks of PC-ISO and 3D-printed using a Fortus 400mc (StrataSys). A dose plan was computed using 13 dwell positions at 2.5 mm spacing and normalized to 1500 cGy at 1 cm. Film exposure was compared to control tests in only air and only water. The average Hounsfield Unit (HU) was computed and used to verify water equivalency. For the clinical use cases, the physician specifies the dimensions and geometry of a custom applicator from which a CAD model is designed and printed. Results: The doses measured from the PC-ISO Gafchromic film test were within 1% of the dose measured in only water between 1cm and 6cm from the channel. Doses increased 7–4% measured in only air. HU range was 11–43. The applicators were sterilized using the Sterrad system multiple times without damage. As of submission 3 unique cylinders have been designed, printed, and used in the clinic. A standardizable workflow for commissioning custom 3D printed applicators was codified and will be reported. Conclusions: Quality assurance (QA) evaluation of the PC-ISO 3D-printing material showed that PC-ISO is a suitable material for a gynecological brachytherapy vaginal cylinder in a clinical setting. With the material commissioning completed, if the physician determines that a better treatment would Result, a customized design is fabricated with limited additional QA necessary. Although this study was specific to PC-ISO, the same setup can be used to evaluate other 3D-printing materials

WE-F-16A-01: Commissioning and Clinical Use of PC-ISO for Customized, 3D Printed, Gynecological Brachytherapy Applicators

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cunha, J; Sethi, R; Mellis, K; Siauw, T; Sudhyadhom, A; Hsu, I; Pouliot, J [UC San Francisco, San Francisco, CA (United States)

2014-06-15

Purpose: (1) Evaluate the safety and radiation attenuation properties of PCISO, a bio-compatible, sterilizable 3D printing material by Stratasys, (2) establish a method for commissioning customized multi- and single-use 3D printed applicators, (3) report on use of customized vaginal cylinders used to treat a series of serous endometrial cancer patient. Methods: A custom film dosimetry apparatus was designed to hold a Gafchromic radio film segment between two blocks of PC-ISO and 3D-printed using a Fortus 400mc (StrataSys). A dose plan was computed using 13 dwell positions at 2.5 mm spacing and normalized to 1500 cGy at 1 cm. Film exposure was compared to control tests in only air and only water. The average Hounsfield Unit (HU) was computed and used to verify water equivalency. For the clinical use cases, the physician specifies the dimensions and geometry of a custom applicator from which a CAD model is designed and printed. Results: The doses measured from the PC-ISO Gafchromic film test were within 1% of the dose measured in only water between 1cm and 6cm from the channel. Doses increased 7–4% measured in only air. HU range was 11–43. The applicators were sterilized using the Sterrad system multiple times without damage. As of submission 3 unique cylinders have been designed, printed, and used in the clinic. A standardizable workflow for commissioning custom 3D printed applicators was codified and will be reported. Conclusions: Quality assurance (QA) evaluation of the PC-ISO 3D-printing material showed that PC-ISO is a suitable material for a gynecological brachytherapy vaginal cylinder in a clinical setting. With the material commissioning completed, if the physician determines that a better treatment would Result, a customized design is fabricated with limited additional QA necessary. Although this study was specific to PC-ISO, the same setup can be used to evaluate other 3D-printing materials.

Translational up-regulation and high-level protein expression from plasmid vectors by mTOR activation via different pathways in PC3 and 293T cells.

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Prashanthi Karyala

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Though 293T cells are widely used for expression of proteins from transfected plasmid vectors, the molecular basis for the high-level expression is yet to be understood. We recently identified the prostate carcinoma cell line PC3 to be as efficient as 293T in protein expression. This study was undertaken to decipher the molecular basis of high-level expression in these two cell lines. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In a survey of different cell lines for efficient expression of platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B, β-galactosidase (β-gal and green fluorescent protein (GFP from plasmid vectors, PC3 was found to express at 5-50-fold higher levels compared to the bone metastatic prostate carcinoma cell line PC3BM and many other cell lines. Further, the efficiency of transfection and level of expression of the reporters in PC3 were comparable to that in 293T. Comparative analyses revealed that the high level expression of the reporters in the two cell lines was due to increased translational efficiency. While phosphatidic acid (PA-mediated activation of mTOR, as revealed by drastic reduction in reporter expression by n-butanol, primarily contributed to the high level expression in PC3, multiple pathways involving PA, PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 appear to contribute to the abundant reporter expression in 293T. Thus the extent of translational up-regulation attained through the concerted activation of mTOR by multiple pathways in 293T could be achieved through its activation primarily by the PA pathway in PC3. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our studies reveal that the high-level expression of proteins from plasmid vectors is effected by translational up-regulation through mTOR activation via different signaling pathways in the two cell lines and that PC3 is as efficient as 293T for recombinant protein expression. Further, PC3 offers an advantage in that the level of expression of the protein can be regulated by simple addition of n-butanol to

Is Increased Low-dose somatic Radiosensitivity Associated with Increased Transgenerational Germline Mutation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brenner, David J.

2008-01-01

Using single-molecule polymerase chain reaction, the frequency of spontaneous and radiation-induced mutation at an expanded simple tandem repeat (ESTR) locus was studied in DNA samples extracted from sperm and bone marrow of Atm knockout (Atm+/-) heterozygous male mice. The frequency of spontaneous mutation in sperm and bone marrow in Atm+/- males did not significantly differ from that in wild-type BALB/c mice. Acute gamma-ray exposure did not affect ESTR mutation frequency in bone marrow and resulted in similar increases in sperm samples taken from Atm+/- and BALB/c males. Taken together, these results suggest that the Atm haploinsufficiency analyzed in our study does not affect spontaneous and radiation-induced ESTR mutation frequency in mice

Incidencia de estrés en odontólogos de diferentes especialidades ocasionado por ruido en el consultorio dental

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Corina Flores Hernández

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Introducción: El estrés es la condición que resulta cuando las personas y el medio ambiente interaccionan y lleva a la persona a una percepción alterada, real o imaginaria, entre las exigencias de una situación por un lado y sus consecuencias sociales, biológicas, psicológicas o de recursos. Los estímulos estresantes pueden ser mentales, fisiológicos, o físico-anatómicos1. En el caso particular de los odontólogos, no existe suficiente información en la literatura internacional en relación a los efectos que tiene en ellos la exposición al ruido producido por el instrumental necesario para llevar acabo los tratamientos. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y comparativo, con la finalidad de evaluar el nivel de percepción de estrés resultado de la exposición al ruido de un grupo de 45 estomatólogos. Todos los sujetos, contestaron una encuesta auto-aplicada sobre percepción de ruido originado por el uso de equipos que ocasionan estímulos detonadores de estrés. Este instrumento también incluyó preguntas sobre características y ambiente laboral. Los estomatólogos se clasificaron según su nivel de percepción de ruido en aquellos con bajo (90 dB de exposición. Estos grupos también se compararon en relación a la percepción de estrés. Resultados: El promedio de la edad y la antigüedad laboral de los sujetos estudiados fue de 41±8.4 y 15.9 ± 8.7 años, respectivamente. El 58%, mencionaron trabajar solo un turno y 42% trabajaban en los turnos matutino y vespertino. El 44% de los encuestados manifestaron percibir la intensidad del ruido al interior del consultorio como medio, el 40%, manifestó percibirlo como bajo, y el 13.3% dijo que éste era alto. Los valores promedio del nivel del ruido en decibelios, fueron significativamente mayores en los odontólogos generales al compararlos con los especialistas en odontología (t=-4.9, p 90dB/8 horas y los que refieren percibir el ruido como más intenso al compararlos

Usefulness of PC based 3D volume rendering technique in the evaluation of suspected aneurysm on brain MRA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Baek, Seung Il; Lee, Ghi Jai; Shim, Jae Chan; Bang, Sun Woo; Ryu, Seok Jong; Kim, Ho Kyun

2002-01-01

To evaluated usefulness of volume rending technique using 3D visualization software on PC in patients with suspected intracranial aneurysm on brain MRA. We analyzed prospectively 21 patients with suspected aneurysms on the routine MIP images which were obtained 15 .deg. C increment along axial and sagittal plane, among 135 patients in whom brain MRA was done due to stroke symptoms for recent 5 months. The locations were the anterior communicating artery (A-com) in 8 patients, the posterior communicating artery (P-com) in 3, the ICA bifurcation in 5, the MCA bifurcation in 4, and the basilar tip in one. Male to female ratio was 14:7 and mean age was 62 years. MRA source images were sent to PC through LAN, and the existence of aneurysm was evaluated with volume rendering technique using 3D visualization software on PC. The presence or absence of aneurysm on MIP and volume rendering images was decided by the consensus of two radiologists. We found the aneurysms with volume rendering technique, from 1 patient among 8 patients with suspected aneurysm at A-com and also 1 patient among 3 patients with suspected aneurysm at P=com on routine MIP images. Confirmative angiography and interventional procedures were done in these 2 patients. The causes for mimicking the aneurysm on MIP were flow displacement artifact in 9, normal P-com infundibulum in 2, and overlapped or narrowed vessels in 8 patients, and among them confirmative angiography was done in 2 patient. Volume rendering technique using visualization software on PC is useful to scrutinize the suspected aneurysm on routine MIP images and to avoid further invasive angiography

Characterization of additional rabbit IgM allotypes and the effect of suppression of a VH locus allotypes on the expression of n Cμ locus allotype

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gilman-Sachs, A.; Roux, K.H.; Horing, W.J.; Dray, S.

1982-01-01

Anti-allotype antisera were produced that identified eight rabbit IgM allotypic specificities, n80, n81, n82, n83, n84, n85, n86, and n87. The n locus Cμ genes controlling these IgM allotypic specificities are closely linked to the a (VH subgroup) locus. The genes controlling these allotypic specificities were found to be in the heavy chain chromosomal region and were assigned to 11 haplotypes present in our rabbit colony. The n locus and a locus genes appeared in the haplotypes in six combinations: a 1 n 81 , a 2 n/sup 81,n87/, a 1 n/sup 80,83/, a 2 n/sup 80,82,87/, a 3 n/sup 81,84,85/ and a 3 n/sup 80,84,86,87/. By radioprecipitation analysis, 70 to 80% of serum IgM reacts with the antiserum directed to each n locus allotypic specificity found encoded in one haplotype; thus, each allotypic specificity of the haplotype is present on the same IgM molecule. When sera from a locus allotype-suppressed homozygous rabbits were tested for expression of each n locus allotypic specificity, n80, n81, and n87 were still expressed, whereas n82, n83, n84, n85, and n86 were not. These data provide direct evidence that some IgM specificities are expressed independently of the a locus (i.e., ''true''), and other s are dependent on the expression of an a locus specificity (i.e., conformational). The expression of the ''true'' allotypic specificities probably reflects genetic control of the germline Cμ gene, and the expression of ''conformationally dependent'' allotypic specificities probably reflects the interaction of VH and Cμ gene segments. This distinction is important and must be recognized when evaluating the genetics and structure of the IgM molecule

Nuevos enfoques terapéuticos del trastorno de estrés postraumático en víctimas de terrorismo

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ENRIQUE ECHEBURÚA

2004-01-01

Full Text Available Las víctimas de terrorismo están sujetas a un estrés intenso y pueden mostrar reacciones disociativas y síntomas ansioso-depresivos. El trauma puede dañar la calidad de vida de la persona y alterar seriamente su vida familiar y social. Si los síntomas perduran más de un mes con suficiente intensidad, puede surgir un trastorno de estrés postraumático. El papel de la intervención en crisis inmediata para evitar la cronificación del trastorno no está claro, pero puede ser de interés para detectar a víctimas necesitadas de ayuda especializa posteriormente. Los ejes de la terapia son la corrección de las distorsiones cognitivas, el control de las reacciones fóbicas y de los sentimientos de culpa y el procesamiento emocional, así como la reestructuración de la red de apoyo familiar y social. Los tratamientos cognitivo-conductuales han mostrado ser eficaces para hacer frente al trastorno de estrés postraumático.

Molecular lipidomics of exosomes released by PC-3 prostate cancer cells

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Llorente, A.; Skotland, T.; Sylvanne, T.

2013-01-01

The molecular lipid composition of exosomes is largely unknown. In this study, sophisticated shotgun and targeted molecular lipidomic assays were performed for in-depth analysis of the lipidomes of the metastatic prostate cancer cell line, PC-3, and their released exosomes. This study, based...... in the quantification of approximately 280 molecular lipid species, provides the most extensive lipid analysis of cells and exosomes to date. Interestingly, major differences were found in the lipid composition of exosomes compared to parent cells. Exosomes show a remarkable enrichment of distinct lipids, demonstrating...... potentially be used as cancer biomarkers. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved....

Polymorphism of locus DRB3.2 in populations of Creole Cattle from Northern Mexico

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Ilda G. Fernández

2008-01-01

Full Text Available The polymorphism of locus BoLA-DRB3.2 of the Major Histocompatibility Complex was evaluated in two northern Mexican Creole cattle populations, Chihuahua (n = 47 and Tamaulipas (n = 51. The BoLA-DRB3.2 locus was typed by amplification and digestion with restriction endonuclease enzymes (PCR-RFLP. Fifty-two alleles were detected (28 previously reported and 24 new ones. In the Chihuahua population, 18 alleles and 5.5 effective alleles were found, while in the Tamaulipas population there were 34 and 10.8, respectively. The allele frequencies ranged from 0.011 to 0.383 in Chihuahua and from 0.010 to 0.206 in Tamaulipas. The frequencies of the new alleles in both cattle populations were low (0.010 to 0.053. The expected heterozygosity was 0.827 and 0.916, respectively, for the Chihuahua and Tamaulipas populations. Both populations presented a heterozygote deficit: [Chihuahua F IS = 0.1 (p = 0.019 and Tamaulipas F IS = 0.317 (p < 0.001]. In conclusion, this study showed that the Mexican Creole cattle have many low-frequency alleles, several of which are exclusive to these populations. Genetic distances obtained show that the Mexican Creole cattle population is composed of independent populations, far apart from other South American Creole populations.

Corteza prefrontal, amígdala y estrés: estudio de la noradrenalina, corticosterona y memoria aversiva en la rata

OpenAIRE

Ronzoni Blázquez, Giacomo

2016-01-01

La interacción funcional entre la corteza prefrontal (CPF) y la amígdala así como la activación del eje hipotálamo-hipófisis-adrenal (HHA) y la liberación de catecolaminas en áreas límbicas del cerebro, juegan un papel clave tanto en la regulación de la respuesta fisiológica a estrés como en respuestas mal-adaptativas a estrés. El procesamiento de la información emocional a largo plazo, es otro de los mecanismos que contribuyen a la capacidad de los individuos para adaptarse a situaciones de ...

Supervisión pedagógica y estrés laboral de docentes en IEE, Red 10, UGEL 06, Ate, 2015

OpenAIRE

Aliaga Pongo, Yolanda

2015-01-01

El presente trabajo de investigación titulado Supervisión pedagógica y estrés laboral de docentes en IEE Red 10, UGEL 06, Ate, 2015, tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación que existe entre la supervisión pedagógica con el estrés laboral. La población de estudio estuvo constituída por 171 docentes y la muestra fue de 120 aplicando la fórmula de Arkin y Colton. Esta investigación se desarrolló bajo un diseño no experimental de nivel correlacional de corte transeccional, con...

Una aproximación psicosocial al estrés escolar A psychosocial approximaton to school stress

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Esther Susana Martínez Díaz

2007-12-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo presenta el estrés como un fenómeno real en la vida escolar, a partir de un análisis reflexivo fruto de seis estudios llevados a cabo en la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de La Sabana, en los niveles de educación básica, media y superior. Los resultados de los estudios, como las casuísticas relacionadas con el estrés sufrido por estudiantes de todos los niveles de educación, evidencian que existen factores psicosociales generadores de estrés, los cuales están asociados a la pérdida de uno de los padres de familia, a la enfermedad de un hermano o un familiar, al exceso de tareas, al bajo rendimiento académico, a la presión perturbadora, a la presentación de exámenes, entre otros.This paper presents stress as a real phenomenon in school life and is the result of a reflective analysis based on six studies carried out at the levels of basic, middle and higher education carried out by the Faculty of Psychology at La Sabana University. The results of the studies, as well as the casuistics related to the stress suffered by students at all levels of education, provide evidence of the existence of stress generating factors which are related to loss of a parent, disease of a sibling or a relative, excess homework, low academic performance, disturbing pressure, sitting exams, among others.

El estrés oxidativo en la enfermedad cardiovascular: evidencias para un tratamiento más integral

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Livan Delgado Roche

2009-04-01

Full Text Available La revolución que se produjo en las áreas de la salud en el mundo durante el siglo XX, o lo que se ha dado en llamar la transición epidemiológica, ha hecho que la población mundial envejezca y con ello las enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles, aparezcan cada vez con mayor frecuencia. Entre estas, las enfermedades cardiovasculares, específicamente las del corazón, son las de mayor incidencia. El oxígeno es esencial para la vida, pero posee una paradoja en los organismos que lo utilizan. Este elemento desempeña una función importante como aceptor final de electrones durante la respiración celular, pero también constituye el punto de partida para un tipo de daño celular conocido como estrés oxidativo. La experiencia clínica y los estudios prospectivos constituyen una herramienta de gran utilidad, lo cual ha permitido establecer una asociación entre el estrés oxidativo y las enfermedades cardiovasculares, se plantea que este es un evento precoz en el desarrollo de la disfunción endotelial y de la subsecuente afección cardiovascular. En el presente trabajo se realizó una revisión bibliográfica actualizada sobre la función del estrés oxidativo y las especies reactivas de oxígeno en la fisiopatología de estas enfermedades.

Impacto del estrés laboral en el anestesiólogo

OpenAIRE

Calabrese, Gustavo

2006-01-01

El estrés laboral se define como las nocivas reacciones físicas y emocionales que ocurren cuando las exigencias del trabajo no igualan las capacidades, los recursos o necesidades del anestesiólogo. Cuando éste se torna excesivo superando la tolerancia del organismo puede derivar en graves consecuencias como desgaste en la salud, actuación profesionalmente pobre, repercusión en la seguridad del paciente y en la vida familiar. Sobre la salud pueden derivar en enfermedades físicas entre las que ...

El papel de los estresores y las condiciones de estado civil para explicar la depresión y el estrés en adolescentes gestantes

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Lucía del Carmen Quezada Berumen

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio identificó la relación entre depresión, estrés y número de estresores enfrentados por adolescentes primigestas bajo distintas condiciones de estado civil. Correspondió a un estudio no experimental, transversal y exploratorio; la muestra estuvo compuesta por 82 adolescentes primigestas entre 15 y 19 años, a quienes se les aplicaron el Inventario de Depresión de Beck, la Escala de Estrés Percibido y el Cuestionario de Sucesos Vitales. Los resultados del análisis de ecuaciones estructurales indicaron que la condición de estado civil, el tipo de embarazo y los estresores relacionados a finanzas, hijos y situaciones sociales, son factores que explican el 64% de la varianza de estrés, así como el 71% de la depresión en las adolescentes primigestas.

El estrés por temperatura provoca necrosis en tabaco negro; cuantificación por análisis de imágenes

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Eduardo Ortega

2008-07-01

de imágenes ImageJ. Este programa es capaz de adquirir, mostrar, editar, resaltar y analizar imágenes. Se demostró que las hojas sometidas a 4 ºC, independientemente del tiempo de exposición, presentaron una mayor área necrosada (35% en comparación con el resto de los tratamientos. Las áreas con acumulación de H2O2 in situ fueron mayores en los tratamientos de estrés por temperaturas altas (45 y 60 oC. La detección y cuantificación de la necrosis producida por temperaturas extremas, combinando el método del azul de tripano con el análisis de imágenes, es una herramienta útil para valorar los daños producidos por estrés de temperaturas y pudiera ser utilizado para valorar los daños celulares provocados por otros tipos de estrés.Palabras clave: variedad-Habana-2000; especies reactivas de oxígeno; H2O2;; Habana-2000-variety; reactive oxygen species.

A Project to Develop an Index of PC 3,4,5 Geomagnetic Pulsations and to Study Their control by Solar Wind Parameters.

Science.gov (United States)

1983-04-01

source of Pc 3,4 pulsations in foreshock signals, shock pulsations, and magnetosheath turbulence, and several groups are actively exanining this...link between wavetrains in the sheath and Pc 3,4 has ever been proved, however, althugh the possibility that foreshock waves, which resemble pulsations...shock and foreshock reglons con- variations in wave correlation observable in the stitute the essential tool for distingi.shing running 12-second

Poster session ELIPGRID-PC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Davidson, J.R.

1995-01-01

ELIPGRID-PC, a new personal computer program, has been developed to provide easy access to Singer's ELIPGRID algorithm for hot-spot detection probabilities. Three features of the program are the ability to determine: (1) the grid size required for specified conditions, (2) the smallest hot spot that can be sampled with a given probability, and (3) the approximate grid size resulting from specified conditions and sampling cost. ELIPGRID-PC also provides probability of detection versus cost data for graphing with spreadsheets or graphics software. The program has been successfully tested using Singer's published ELIPGRID results. An apparent error in the published ELIPGRID code has been uncovered and an appropriate modification incorporated into the new program

EsrE-A yigP Locus-Encoded Transcript-Is a 3′ UTR sRNA Involved in the Respiratory Chain of E. coli

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Hui Xia

2017-08-01

Full Text Available The yigP locus is widely conserved among γ-proteobacteria. Mutation of the yigP locus impacts aerobic growth of Gram-negative bacteria. However, the underlying mechanism of how the yigP locus influences aerobic growth remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that the yigP locus in Escherichia coli encodes two transcripts; the mRNA of ubiquinone biosynthesis protein, UbiJ, and the 3′ untranslated region small regulatory RNA (sRNA, EsrE. EsrE is an independent transcript that is transcribed using an internal promoter of the yigP locus. Surprisingly, we found that both the EsrE sRNA and UbiJ protein were required for Q8 biosynthesis, and were sufficient to rescue the growth defect ascribed to deletion of the yigP locus. Moreover, our data showed that EsrE targeted multiple mRNAs involved in several cellular processes including murein biosynthesis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Among these targets, sdhD mRNA that encodes one subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH, was significantly activated. Our findings provided an insight into the important function of EsrE in bacterial adaptation to various environments, as well as coordinating different aspects of bacterial physiology.

Disruption of PC1/3 expression in mice causes dwarfism and multiple neuroendocrine peptide processing defects

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zhu, Xiaorong; Zhou, An; Dey, Arunangsu

2002-01-01

vertebrates and invertebrates. Disruption of the gene-encoding mouse PC1/3 has now been accomplished and results in a syndrome of severe postnatal growth impairment and multiple defects in processing many hormone precursors, including hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), pituitary...

Characterization of the human oncogene SCL/TAL1 interrupting locus (Stil) mediated Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling transduction in proliferating mammalian dopaminergic neurons

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sun, Lei [Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 (United States); Department of Physiology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 300071 (China); Carr, Aprell L. [Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 (United States); Center for Zebrafish Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 (United States); Li, Ping; Lee, Jessica; McGregor, Mary [Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 (United States); Li, Lei, E-mail: Li.78@nd.edu [Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 (United States); Center for Zebrafish Research, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 (United States)

2014-07-11

Highlights: • Stil is a human oncogene that is conserved in vertebrate species. • Stil functions in the Shh pathway in mammalian cells. • The expression of Stil is required for mammalian dopaminergic cell proliferation. - Abstract: The human oncogene SCL/TAL1 interrupting locus (Stil) is highly conserved in all vertebrate species. In humans, the expression of Stil is involved in cancer cell survival, apoptosis and proliferation. In this research, we investigated the roles of Stil expression in cell proliferation of mammalian dopaminergic (DA) PC12 cells. Stil functions through the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signal transduction pathway. Co-immunoprecipitation tests revealed that STIL interacts with Shh downstream components, which include SUFU and GLI1. By examining the expression of Stil, Gli1, CyclinD2 (cell-cycle marker) and PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen), we found that up-regulation of Stil expression (transfection with overexpression plasmids) increased Shh signaling transduction and PC12 cell proliferation, whereas down-regulation of Stil expression (by shRNA) inhibited Shh signaling transduction, and thereby decreased PC12 cell proliferation. Transient transfection of PC12 cells with Stil knockdown or overexpression plasmids did not affect PC12 cell neural differentiation, further indicating the specific roles of Stil in cell proliferation. The results from this research suggest that Stil may serve as a bio-marker for neurological diseases involved in DA neurons, such as Parkinson’s disease.

Modelo estructural para evaluar el estrés en profesionales que orientan a la niñez en programas de formación inclusiva

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Henry de Jesús Gallardo Pérez

2018-04-01

Full Text Available La investigación tuvo por objetivo crear un modelo estructura asociado a establecer la validez y fiabilidad de escala para evaluar el estrés en docentes de instituciones educativas que orientan clases a niños en situación de discapacidad. Método: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, analiza validez de constructo a través de análisis factorial confirmatorio, correlación y comparación; la consistencia interna se estimó mediante el coeficiente alfa de cronbach. La muestra estuvo constituida por 107 participantes seleccionados de la población de docentes de instituciones educativas públicas y privadas del municipio de Cúcuta, Colombia. Resultados: fiabilidad y validez alta para el diagnóstico de estrés en docentes, escala conformada por 70 ítems Conclusión: empatía, autoconcepto, ansiedad, competencias y depresión, son factores correlacionados explicativos del estrés en profesionales.

Rab3A Inhibition of Ca2+ -Dependent Dopamine Release From PC12 Cells Involves Interaction With Synaptotagmin I.

Science.gov (United States)

Dai, Zhipan; Tang, Xia; Chen, Jia; Tang, Xiaochao; Wang, Xianchun

2017-11-01

Rab3 and synaptotagmin have been suggested to play important roles in the regulation of neurotransmitter release and, however, the molecular mechanism has not been completely clear. Here, we studied the effects of Rab3A and synaptotagmin I (Syt I) on dopamine release using PC12 cells as a model system. Rab3A was demonstrated to have effects on both Ca 2+ -independent and Ca 2+ -dependent dopamine releases from the PC12 cells. Application of Rab3A (up to 2500 nM) gradually decreased the amount of Ca 2+ -dependently released dopamine, indicating that Rab3A is a negative modulator that was further supported by the increase in dopamine release caused by Rab3A knockdown. Syt I knockdown weakened the Ca 2+ -dependent dopamine release, suggesting that Syt I plays a positive regulatory role in the cellular process. Treatment of the Syt I-knocked down PC12 cells with Rab3A further decreased Ca 2+ -dependent dopamine release and, however, the decrease magnitude was significantly reduced compared with that before Syt I knockdown, thus for the first time demonstrating that the inhibitory effect of Rab3A on Ca 2+ -dependent dopamine release involves the interaction with Syt I. This work has shed new light on the molecular mechanism for Rab3 and synaptotamin regulation of neurotransmitter release. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3696-3705, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

DE LA MENTE A LA CELULA: IMPACTO DEL ESTRES EN PSICONEUROINMUNOENDOCRINOLOGIA/ FROM THE MIND TO THE CELL: THE IMPACT OF STRESS ON PSICONEUROIMMUNOENDOCRINOLOGY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Manolete S. Moscoso*

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Resumen:El presente artículo revisa el concepto del modelo psicobiosocial presentado por Engel y los primeros estudios sobre lanueva ciencia de la psiconeuroinmunoendocrinología, publicados por Solomon en la década del 60', y Ader en la década del70'. Se hace mención a los avances modernos en tecnología médica y de laboratorio como el punto de partida de un extensonúmero de estudios multidisclinarios durante la década del 80' que demuestran la relación entre el cerebro, y los sistemasnervioso, endocrino e inmune en el desarrollo de enfermedades. Se hace un análisis del concepto actual del estrés y unabreve revisión de las respuestas emocional y fisiológica descritas por Lazarus, Cannon, Selye, respectivamente. Una nuevavisión acerca del estrés es presentada y se hacen las distinciones correspondientes en relación a la respuesta comportamentaldel estrés, estilo de vida, y el estrés crónico. Finalmente se discute brevemente acerca del impacto negativo del estréscrónico sobre la salud del individuo.Abstarct:This article reviews the biopsicosocial model provided by Engel and the first studies in the field ofpsychoneuroimmunoendocrinology published by Solomon during the 60's and Ader during the 70's. it is pointed out thatadvances in medical technology and laboratory facilitated the beginning of studies in this field during the 80's. Extensivedata reports conclusive evidence of the interconnections between the brain, the nervous, endocrine and immune systems andthe development of disease. We discussed the emotional and physiological responses to stress as described by Lazarus,Cannon, and Selye. A new vision about stress is presented, taking into account the behavioral response to stress, life style,and chronic stress. Finally, we discussed briefly about the negative impact of chronic stress on health.

Substrate analysis of the Pneumocystis carinii protein kinases PcCbk1 and PcSte20 using yeast proteome microarrays provides a novel method for Pneumocystis signalling biology.

Science.gov (United States)

Kottom, Theodore J; Limper, Andrew H

2011-10-01

Pneumocystis carinii (Pc) undergoes morphological transitions between cysts and trophic forms. We have previously described two Pc serine/threonine kinases, termed PcCbk1 and PcSte20, with PcSte20 belonging to a family of kinases involved in yeast mating, while PcCbk1 is a member of a group of protein kinases involved in regulation of cell cycle, shape, and proliferation. As Pc remains genetically intractable, knowledge on specific substrates phosphorylated by these kinases remains limited. Utilizing the phylogenetic relatedness of Pc to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we interrogated a yeast proteome microarray containing >4000 purified protein based peptides, leading to the identification of 18 potential PcCbk1 and 15 PcSte20 substrates (Z-score > 3.0). A number of these potential protein substrates are involved in bud site selection, polarized growth, and response to mating α factor and pseudohyphal and invasive growth. Full-length open reading frames suggested by the PcCbk1 and PcSte20 protoarrays were amplified and expressed. These five proteins were used as substrates for PcCbk1 or PcSte20, with each being highly phosphorylated by the respective kinase. Finally, to demonstrate the utility of this method to identify novel PcCbk1 and PcSte20 substrates, we analysed DNA sequence data from the partially complete Pc genome database and detected partial sequence information of potential PcCbk1 kinase substrates PcPxl1 and PcInt1. We additionally identified the potential PcSte20 kinase substrate PcBdf2. Full-length Pc substrates were cloned and expressed in yeast, and shown to be phosphorylated by the respective Pc kinases. In conclusion, the yeast protein microarray represents a novel crossover technique for identifying unique potential Pc kinase substrates. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

PC/FRAM, Version 3.2 User Manual

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kelley, T.A.; Sampson, T.E.

1999-01-01

This manual describes the use of version 3.2 of the PC/FRAM plutonium isotopic analysis software developed in the Safeguards Science and Technology Group, NE-5, Nonproliferation and International Security Division Los Alamos National Laboratory. The software analyzes the gamma ray spectrum from plutonium-bearing items and determines the isotopic distribution of the plutonium 241Am content and concentration of other isotopes in the item. The software can also determine the isotopic distribution of uranium isotopes in items containing only uranium. The body of this manual descenies the generic version of the code. Special facility-specific enhancements, if they apply, will be described in the appendices. The information in this manual applies equally well to version 3.3, which has been licensed to ORTEC. The software can analyze data that is stored in a file on disk. It understands several storage formats including Canberra's S1OO format, ORTEC'S 'chn' and 'SPC' formats, and several ASCII text formats. The software can also control data acquisition using an MCA and then store the results in a file on disk for later analysis or analyze the spectrum directly after the acquisition. The software currently only supports the control of ORTEC MCB'S. Support for Canbema's Genie-2000 Spectroscopy Systems will be added in the future. Support for reading and writing CAM files will also be forthcoming. A versatile parameter fde database structure governs all facets of the data analysis. User editing of the parameter sets allows great flexibility in handling data with different isotopic distributions, interfering isotopes, and different acquisition parameters such as energy calibration, and detector type. This manual is intended for the system supervisor or the local user who is to be the resident expert. Excerpts from this manual may also be appropriate for the system operator who will routinely use the instrument

The structure of low-latitude Pc3 pulsations observed by CHAMP and on the ground

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

D. C. Ndiitwani

2009-03-01

Full Text Available The structure of low-latitude continuous pulsations termed Pc3, which are naturally occurring MHD waves in the Earth's magnetosphere, were studied by comparing ground and satellite magnetic field measurements. Data from two induction magnetometers, located at Hermanus and Sutherland in South Africa were used in conjunction with Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP satellite observations to study a Pc3 event observed on 15 February 2003, at a time when CHAMP was passing over the ground stations. We observed a number of discrete frequency oscillations for the fast mode wave, one of which drives a field line resonance (FLR at characteristic latitude as detected by both ground and satellite measurements. Consequently, our observations confirmed the compressional wave as being the driver of the field line resonance. The toroidal mode frequency observed on CHAMP experienced a Doppler frequency shift due to the rapid motion across the resonance region. Polarization hodograms in the resonance region clearly showed the expected 90° rotation of the field line resonant magnetic field components.

The structure of low-latitude Pc3 pulsations observed by CHAMP and on the ground

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

D. C. Ndiitwani

2009-03-01

Full Text Available The structure of low-latitude continuous pulsations termed Pc3, which are naturally occurring MHD waves in the Earth's magnetosphere, were studied by comparing ground and satellite magnetic field measurements. Data from two induction magnetometers, located at Hermanus and Sutherland in South Africa were used in conjunction with Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP satellite observations to study a Pc3 event observed on 15 February 2003, at a time when CHAMP was passing over the ground stations. We observed a number of discrete frequency oscillations for the fast mode wave, one of which drives a field line resonance (FLR at characteristic latitude as detected by both ground and satellite measurements. Consequently, our observations confirmed the compressional wave as being the driver of the field line resonance. The toroidal mode frequency observed on CHAMP experienced a Doppler frequency shift due to the rapid motion across the resonance region. Polarization hodograms in the resonance region clearly showed the expected 90° rotation of the field line resonant magnetic field components.

Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate differentially modulates oxidative stress in PC12 cell compartments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Raza, Haider; John, Annie

2005-01-01

Tea polyphenols have been reported to be potent antioxidants and beneficial in oxidative stress related diseases. Prooxidant effects of tea polyphenols have also been reported in cell culture systems. In the present study, we have studied oxidative stress in the subcellular compartments of PC12 cells after treatment with different concentrations of the green tea polyphenol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). We have demonstrated that EGCG has differentially affected the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH) metabolism and cytochrome P450 2E1 activity in the different subcellular compartments in PC12 cells. Our results have shown that although the cell survival was not inhibited by EGCG, there was, however, an increased DNA breakdown and activation of apoptotic markers, caspase 3 and poly- (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) at higher concentrations of EGCG treatment. Our results suggest that the differential effects of EGCG might be related to the alterations in oxidative stress, GSH pools and CYP2E1 activity in different cellular compartments. These results may have implications in determining the chemopreventive therapeutic use of tea polyphenols in vivo

El estrés en mujeres de la Facultad de Ciencias Pedagógicas de la Universidad de Cienfuegos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lic. Ana Beatriz Alfonso García

2016-06-01

Full Text Available El trabajo se realizó en la Facultad de Ciencias Pedagógicas, ubicada en la Sede Conrado Benítez de la Universidad de Cienfuegos. La misma tiene como objetivo caracterizar el estrés presente en mujeres de la Facultad Se utilizó una muestra de 20 mujeres, donde se seleccionaron de forma aleatoria por departamentos, teniendo en cuenta como criterios de inclusión que fueran mujeres, docentes y que estuvieran motivadas. Los datos fueron obtenidos a partir de una entrevista semi-estructurada y el Cuestionario de Afrontamiento al Estrés. La información se analizó cuantitativa y cualitativamente, utilizando un procesamiento estadístico a través del SPSS (paquete estadístico del cuestionario. El mismo se realizó con tablas de contingencia, análisis de frecuencias y pruebas no paramétricas. Se obtuvo que las mujeres recientemente estuvieran sometidas a estrés, relacionado con diversos estresores, lo que ocasionó síntomas físicos y psicológicos. Como principales estilos de afrontamiento predominó en la muestra estudiada la planificación y solución de la situación estresante, la búsqueda de apoyo social y el distanciamiento, así como la realización de otras actividades que permiten la relajación.

Diosgenin, a steroidal saponin, inhibits migration and invasion of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells by reducing matrix metalloproteinases expression.

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Pin-Shern Chen

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Diosgenin, a steroidal saponin obtained from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum, was found to exert anti-carcinogenic properties, such as inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells. However, the effect of diosgenin on cancer metastasis remains unclear. The aim of the study is to examine the effect of diosgenin on migration and invasion in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. METHODS AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Diosgenin inhibited proliferation of PC-3 cells in a dose-dependent manner. When treated with non-toxic doses of diosgenin, cell migration and invasion were markedly suppressed by in vitro wound healing assay and Boyden chamber invasion assay, respectively. Furthermore, diosgenin reduced the activities of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2 and MMP-9 by gelatin zymography assay. The mRNA level of MMP-2, -9, -7 and extracellular inducer of matrix metalloproteinase (EMMPRIN were also suppressed while tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2 was increased by diosgenin. In addition, diosgenin abolished the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF in PC-3 cells and tube formation of endothelial cells. Our immunoblotting assays indicated that diosgenin potently suppressed the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositide-3 kinase (PI3K, Akt, extracellular signal regulating kinase (ERK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK. In addition, diosgenin significantly decreased the nuclear level of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB, suggesting that diosgenin inhibited NF-κB activity. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: The results suggested that diosgenin inhibited migration and invasion of PC-3 cells by reducing MMPs expression. It also inhibited ERK, JNK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways as well as NF-κB activity. These findings reveal new therapeutic potential for diosgenin in anti-metastatic therapy.

Estrés, ansiedad y depresión en magistrados de Lima, Perú Stress, anxiety and depression in magistrates from Lima, Peru

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Alberto Perales

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivos. Determinar los niveles de estrés general y laboral, depresión y ansiedad en magistrados (jueces y fiscales del Distrito Judicial de Lima, Perú. Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal y descriptivo. De una población de 1137 magistrados del Poder Judicial y del Ministerio Público del Distrito Jurisdiccional de Lima se tomó una muestra aleatoria estratificada donde cada institución constituyó un estrato. La muestra estuvo conformada por 287 magistrados: 138 fiscales y 149 jueces. Se aplicó un cuestionario compuesto por cuatro instrumentos para determinar los niveles de estrés general y laboral, ansiedad y depresión, previo consentimiento informado. Resultados. El estrés general estuvo presente en el 18,5 % de los magistrados, el estrés laboral en 33,7 %, ansiedad en 12,5 % y depresión en 15,0 %. Estas tres condiciones estuvieron presentes en el 6,6 % de los magistrados, y al menos una estuvo presente en el 25,9 %. El estrés general estaba asociado con la depresión (OR: 4,9; IC95 % 1,6-15,1 y ansiedad (OR: 8,5; IC95 % 2,5-28,6 en el modelo de regresión logística. Conclusiones. Un porcentaje significativo de magistrados del Distrito Judicial de Lima presentan altos niveles de estrés, ansiedad y depresión; un cuarto de los encuestados presentan, al menos, una de estas condiciones. Se recomienda que los programas de intervención y prevención se dirijan al manejo del estrés, ansiedad y depresión en conjunto, dada su alta asociación.Objective. To measure the general and work related stress, depression and anxiety in Magistrates (Judges and District Attorneys of Lima Judicial District. Material and methods. We carried out a transversal and descriptive study. A population of 1137 magistrates from the Lima Jurisdictional District of the Judicial System, was randomly sampled by a strata representing every agency of the Judicial System. The final sample included 287 magistrates: 138 District Attorneys and 149 Judges

Matrix-Dependent Regulation of AKT in Hepsin-Overexpressing PC3 Prostate Cancer Cells

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Stephanie M Wittig-Blaich

2011-07-01

Full Text Available The serine-protease hepsin is one of the most prominently overexpressed genes in human prostate carcinoma. Forced expression of the enzyme in mice prostates is associated with matrix degradation, invasive growth, and prostate cancer progression. Conversely, hepsin overexpression in metastatic prostate cancer cell lines was reported to induce cell cycle arrest and reduction of invasive growth in vitro. We used a system for doxycycline (dox-inducible target gene expression in metastasis-derived PC3 cells to analyze the effects of hepsin in a quantitative manner. Loss of viability and adhesion correlated with hepsin expression levels during anchorage-dependent but not anchorage-independent growth. Full expression of hepsin led to cell death and detachment and was specifically associated with reduced phosphorylation of AKT at Ser473, which was restored by growth on matrix derived from RWPE1 normal prostatic epithelial cells. In the chorioallantoic membrane xenograft model, hepsin overexpression in PC3 cells reduced the viability of tumors but did not suppress invasive growth. The data presented here provide evidence that elevated levels of hepsin interfere with cell adhesion and viability in the background of prostate cancer as well as other tissue types, the details of which depend on the microenvironment provided. Our findings suggest that overexpression of the enzyme in prostate carcinogenesis must be spatially and temporally restricted for the efficient development of tumors and metastases.

Estrés-recuperación en deportistas y su relación con los estados de ánimo y las estrategias de afrontamiento

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Olga Molinero

2012-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del estudio es evaluar situaciones relacionadas con el sobreentrenamiento (RESTQ-Sport, Kellmann y Kallus, 2001; González- Boto et al., 2008c en el contexto deportivo, e identificar su relación temporal con las modificaciones en los estados de ánimo (POMS, McNair y cols.,1971; Balaguer et al. 1993 y la posible influencia en la aparición de desequilibrios entre estrés y recuperación en función del tipo de estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas (ISCCS, Gaudreau y Blondin, 2002; Molinero et al., 2006, 2008, 2009. Han participado 167 deportistas (62.5% hombres y 36.9% mujeres entre 18 y 24 años pertenecientes a 11 modalidades deportivas. Los resultados muestran que se producen modificaciones a los largo de las tres tomas realizadas en los niveles de estrés general (p = .027*, conflictospresión (p = .000**, fatiga (p = .000**, bienestar general (p = .022*, burnout-fatigaemocional(p = .009**, forma física-lesiones (p = .000**, burnout- realización personal (p = .000**, autorregulación (p = .000**, Estrés no deportivo (p = .006**, Estrés y recuperación deportiva (p = .001**; p= .000**, Estrés Total (p = .001** en relación a los índices medidos por el RESTQ Sport. Anivel emocional observamos cambios en los niveles de depresión (p = .040*, cólera, (p = .006**, confusión (p = 036* y Alteración EmocionalTotal (p = .041*, y no se producen cambios en el uso de las distintas estrategias de afrontamiento. Es necesario prestar más atención a los cambiostemporales durante la recuperación, que pueden inducir adaptaciones positivas tras periodos de sobreentrenamiento, y su relación con los estados de ánimo de los deportistas, que han sido utilizados habitualmente como indicadores de fatiga (González- Boto et al., 2009; Kellmann et al., 2001; Rietjens et al., 2005. Los deportistas utilizan una serie de estrategias de afrontamiento que podrían condicionar de forma diversa el balance entre estrés y recuperación y, por

In Vitro Pro-apoptotic and Anti-migratory Effects of Ficus deltoidea L. Plant Extracts on the Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines PC3

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Hanafi, Mohd M. M.; Afzan, Adlin; Yaakob, Harisun; Aziz, Ramlan; Sarmidi, Mohamad R.; Wolfender, Jean-Luc; Prieto, Jose M.

2017-01-01

This study aims to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic and anti-migratory effects of Ficus deltoidea L. on prostate cancer cells, identify the active compound/s and characterize their mechanism of actions. Two farmed varieties were studied, var. angustifolia (FD1) and var. deltoidea (FD2). Their crude methanolic extracts were partitioned into n-hexane (FD1h, FD2h) chloroform (FD1c, FD2c) and aqueous extracts (FD1a, FD2a). Antiproliferative fractions (IC50 < 30 μg/mL, SRB staining of PC3 cells) were further fractionated. Active compound/s were dereplicated using spectroscopic methods. In vitro mechanistic studies on PC3 and/or LNCaP cells included: annexin V-FITC staining, MMP depolarization measurements, activity of caspases 3 and 7, nuclear DNA fragmentation and cell cycle analysis, modulation of Bax, Bcl-2, Smac/Diablo, and Alox-5 mRNA gene expression by RT-PCR. Effects of cytotoxic fractions on 2D migration and 3D invasion were tested by exclusion assays and modified Boyden chamber, respectively. Their mechanisms of action on these tests were further studied by measuring the expression VEGF-A, CXCR4, and CXCL12 in PC3 cells by RT-PCR. FD1c and FD2c extracts induced cell death (P < 0.05) via apoptosis as evidenced by nuclear DNA fragmentation. This was accompanied by an increase in MMP depolarization (P < 0.05), activation of caspases 3 and 7 (P < 0.05) in both PC3 and LNCaP cell lines. All active plant extracts up-regulated Bax and Smac/DIABLO, down-regulated Bcl-2 (P < 0.05). Both FD1c and FD2c were not cytotoxic against normal human fibroblast cells (HDFa) at the tested concentrations. Both plant extracts inhibited both migration and invasion of PC3 cells (P < 0.05). These effects were accompanied by down-regulation of both VEGF-A and CXCL-12 gene expressions (P < 0.001). LC–MS dereplication using taxonomy filters and molecular networking databases identified isovitexin in FD1c; and oleanolic acid, moretenol, betulin, lupenone, and lupeol in FD2c. In conclusion

Lysophosphatidic acid induces reactive oxygen species generation by activating protein kinase C in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lin, Chu-Cheng; Lin, Chuan-En; Lin, Yueh-Chien; Ju, Tsai-Kai; Huang, Yuan-Li; Lee, Ming-Shyue; Chen, Jiun-Hong; Lee, Hsinyu

2013-01-01

Highlights: •LPA induces ROS generation through LPA 1 and LPA 3 . •LPA induces ROS generation by activating PLC. •PKCζ mediates LPA-induced ROS generation. -- Abstract: Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in males, and PC-3 is a cell model popularly used for investigating the behavior of late stage prostate cancer. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a lysophospholipid that mediates multiple behaviors in cancer cells, such as proliferation, migration and adhesion. We have previously demonstrated that LPA enhances vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C expression in PC-3 cells by activating the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is known to be an important mediator in cancer progression. Using flow cytometry, we showed that LPA triggers ROS generation within 10 min and that the generated ROS can be suppressed by pretreatment with the NADPH oxidase (Nox) inhibitor diphenylene iodonium. In addition, transfection with LPA 1 and LPA 3 siRNA efficiently blocked LPA-induced ROS production, suggesting that both receptors are involved in this pathway. Using specific inhibitors and siRNA, phospholipase C (PLC) and protein kinase C (PKC) were also suggested to participate in LPA-induced ROS generation. Overall, we demonstrated that LPA induces ROS generation in PC-3 prostate cancer cells and this is mediated through the PLC/PKC/Nox pathway

Lysophosphatidic acid induces reactive oxygen species generation by activating protein kinase C in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lin, Chu-Cheng; Lin, Chuan-En; Lin, Yueh-Chien [Institute of Zoology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (China); Ju, Tsai-Kai [Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (China); Technology Commons, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (China); Huang, Yuan-Li [Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC (China); Lee, Ming-Shyue [Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (China); Chen, Jiun-Hong [Institute of Zoology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (China); Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (China); Lee, Hsinyu, E-mail: hsinyu@ntu.edu.tw [Institute of Zoology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (China); Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (China); Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (China); Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC (China)

2013-11-01

Highlights: •LPA induces ROS generation through LPA{sub 1} and LPA{sub 3}. •LPA induces ROS generation by activating PLC. •PKCζ mediates LPA-induced ROS generation. -- Abstract: Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in males, and PC-3 is a cell model popularly used for investigating the behavior of late stage prostate cancer. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a lysophospholipid that mediates multiple behaviors in cancer cells, such as proliferation, migration and adhesion. We have previously demonstrated that LPA enhances vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C expression in PC-3 cells by activating the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is known to be an important mediator in cancer progression. Using flow cytometry, we showed that LPA triggers ROS generation within 10 min and that the generated ROS can be suppressed by pretreatment with the NADPH oxidase (Nox) inhibitor diphenylene iodonium. In addition, transfection with LPA{sub 1} and LPA{sub 3} siRNA efficiently blocked LPA-induced ROS production, suggesting that both receptors are involved in this pathway. Using specific inhibitors and siRNA, phospholipase C (PLC) and protein kinase C (PKC) were also suggested to participate in LPA-induced ROS generation. Overall, we demonstrated that LPA induces ROS generation in PC-3 prostate cancer cells and this is mediated through the PLC/PKC/Nox pathway.

Locus de Controle e escolha do método anticoncepcional Locus de Control y método anticonceptivo elegido Locus of Control and choice of contraceptive method

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Aline Salheb Alves

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar a relação entre o Locus de Controle e o tipo de método contraceptivo escolhido. Foi utilizada a Escala Multidimensional de Locus de Controle de Levenson e entrevistadas 191 mulheres. As usuárias de preservativo masculino apresentaram maior Internalidade do que as usuárias de injetável mensal. Quanto ao locus Externalidade Outros Poderosos, as usuárias de implante apresentavam menor externalidade do que as usuárias de preservativo masculino, laqueadura, injetável trimestral e DIU. Considerando-se o locus Externalidade Acaso, as usuárias de implante apresentaram menores escores do que as mulheres que optaram pela laqueadura, injetável trimestral e DIU. Observou-se ainda, menor Externalidade Acaso entre as usuárias de injetável mensal em relação às mulheres que fizeram opção pelo injetável trimestral.El objetivo es validar la relación entre el Locus de Control y el tipo de método anticonceptivo elegido. Fue usada la Escala Multidimensional de Locus de Control de Levenson. Fueron entrevistadas 191 mujeres. Las usuarias de condón masculino presentaron Internalidad más grande que las usuarias de inyectable mensual. Considerado el Locus Externalidad - Otro poderoso, las usuarias de implante presentaron menor externalidad de que las usuarias de condón masculino, laqueadura, inyectable trimestral y DIU. Considerado el Locus Externalidad - Quizá, las usuarias del implante presentaron menores resultados que las mujeres que eligieron por la laqueadura, inyectable trimestral y DIU. Se observo que las mujeres usuarias de inyectable mensual presentaron menor Externalidad - Quizá que las mujeres usuarias de inyectable trimestral.The purpose was to assess the relationship between locus of control and the contraceptive method chosen. It was used the Levenson's Multidimensional Locus of Control Scale and 191 women was interviewed. Users of male condoms presented greater Internality than the monthly contraceptive

Síntese e caracterização da cerâmica PZT dopada com estrôncio e com nióbio e estrôncio

OpenAIRE

Gasparotto, Gisele [UNESP

2002-01-01

A cerâmica Titanato Zirconato de Chumbo, PZT, se destaca por suas notáveis características piezoelétricas, sendo candidata a várias aplicações tecnológicas como transdutores, dispositivos ressonantes, entre outras, devido também a seu baixo custo e facilidade na fabricação (DESHPANDE, 1994). A adição de íons modificadores pode melhorar as propriedades da cerâmica, tornando-a mais eficiente. Inúmeros íons como nióbio (Nb+5) e estrôncio (Sr+2) podem ser usados para alterar parâmetros estruturai...

Respuesta de cultivares de Musa spp. al estrés hídrico in vitro inducido con polietilenglicol 6000

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Leonardo Julio Moreno-Bermúdez

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Los plátanos y bananos son cultivos sensibles al déficit hídrico. Las sequías cada vez más prolongadas sugieren la necesidad de obtener plantas tolerantes a este factor; la selección temprana de estas plantas, comparada con la selección en campo, permite ahorrar tiempo y trabajar con mayores volúmenes de individuos. Para ello es conveniente contar con cultivares patrones cuya respuesta al déficit hídrico in vitro sea favorable. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la respuesta de cultivares de Musa spp. con diferente composición genómica al estrés hídrico inducido in vitro con polietilenglicol 6000 (PEG-6000. Se estudiaron los cultivares ‘Pelipita’ (ABB, ‘Manzano’ (AAB y ‘Grande naine’ (AAA. El estrés se indujo con 30 g/L de PEG-6000 en medio de cultivo semisólido de multiplicación. A los 30 días se evaluaron variables indicadoras de estrés morfológicas (altura y número de brotes por explante, fisiológicas (masa fresca y masa seca y bioquímicas (contenido prolina, peróxido de hidrógeno y malondialdehido. En el cultivar ‘Pelipita’ se afectó solamente la altura de las plantas, mientras que en los demás se afectaron todas las variables excepto la masa seca en el ‘Manzano’. En este último y en el ‘Grande naine’ se incrementó la prolina, el peróxido de hidrógeno y el malondialdehido, lo que evidenció un mayor estrés oxidativo y daño en las membranas celulares. Los cultivares estudiados, pudieran emplearse como controles de tolerancia (‘Pelipita’ y sensibilidad (‘Grande naine’ y ‘Manzano’ en la selección in vitro de plantas tolerantes a la sequía, en futuros programas de mejoramiento genético.

Estrés académico y su relación con el rendimiento académico en estudiantes de la modalidad de estudios a distancia de la Universidad Católica los Ángeles de Chimbote sede Lima 2013

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Buendia Torres, Alcidez

2015-01-01

El presente trabajo de investigación centró su atención en el estrés académico de los estudiantes universitarios en un contexto académico de estudios en la modalidad a distancia. El principal objetivo fue determinar la existencia o no de una correlación entre el estrés académico y el rendimiento académico, estas asociaciones fueron a su vez analizadas a nivel de intensidad del estrés, factores estresores, reacciones o síntomas y estrategias de afrontamiento del estrés. Las h...

Survival and differentiation defects contribute to neutropenia in glucose-6-phosphatase-β (G6PC3) deficiency in a model of mouse neutrophil granulocyte differentiation.

Science.gov (United States)

Gautam, S; Kirschnek, S; Gentle, I E; Kopiniok, C; Henneke, P; Häcker, H; Malleret, L; Belaaouaj, A; Häcker, G

2013-08-01

Differentiation of neutrophil granulocytes (neutrophils) occurs through several steps in the bone marrow and requires a coordinate regulation of factors determining survival and lineage-specific development. A number of genes are known whose deficiency disrupts neutrophil generation in humans and in mice. One of the proteins encoded by these genes, glucose-6-phosphatase-β (G6PC3), is involved in glucose metabolism. G6PC3 deficiency causes neutropenia in humans and in mice, linked to enhanced apoptosis and ER stress. We used a model of conditional Hoxb8 expression to test molecular and functional differentiation as well as survival defects in neutrophils from G6PC3(-/-) mice. Progenitor lines were established and differentiated into neutrophils when Hoxb8 was turned off. G6PC3(-/-) progenitor cells underwent substantial apoptosis when differentiation was started. Transgenic expression of Bcl-XL rescued survival; however, Bcl-XL-protected differentiated cells showed reduced proliferation, immaturity and functional deficiency such as altered MAP kinase signaling and reduced cytokine secretion. Impaired glucose utilization was found and was associated with ER stress and apoptosis, associated with the upregulation of Bim and Bax; downregulation of Bim protected against apoptosis during differentiation. ER-stress further caused a profound loss of expression and secretion of the main neutrophil product neutrophil elastase during differentiation. Transplantation of wild-type Hoxb8-progenitor cells into irradiated mice allowed differentiation into neutrophils in the bone marrow in vivo. Transplantation of G6PC3(-/-) cells yielded few mature neutrophils in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Transgenic Bcl-XL permitted differentiation of G6PC3(-/-) cells in vivo. However, functional deficiencies and differentiation abnormalities remained. Differentiation of macrophages from Hoxb8-dependent progenitors was only slightly disturbed. A combination of defects in differentiation

In vitro and in vivo anticancer efficacy of silibinin against human pancreatic cancer BxPC-3 and PANC-1 cells.

Science.gov (United States)

Nambiar, Dhanya; Prajapati, Vandana; Agarwal, Rajesh; Singh, Rana P

2013-06-28

Silibinin suppresses the growth of many cancers; however, its efficacy against pancreatic cancer has not been evaluated in established preclinical models. Here, we investigated in vitro and in vivo effects of silibinin against lower and advanced stages of human pancreatic carcinoma cells. Silibinin (25-100μM) treatment for 24-72h caused a dose- and time-dependent cell growth inhibition of 27-77% (PPANC-1 cells. Silibinin showed a strong dose-dependent G1 arrest in BxPC-3 cells (upto 72% versus 45% in control; PPANC-1 cells. Cell death observed in cell growth assay, was accompanied by up to 3-fold increase (PPANC-1 cells. Dietary feeding of silibinin (0.5%, w/w in AIN-93M diet for 7weeks) inhibited BxPC-3 and PANC-1 tumor xenografts growth in nude mice without any apparent change in body weight gain and diet consumption. Tumor volume and weight were decreased by 47% and 34% (P⩽0.001) in BxPC-3 xenograft, respectively. PANC-1 xenograft showed slower growth kinetics and silibinin decreased tumor volume by 34% (PPANC-1 xenograft showed 28% and 33% decrease in tumor volume and weight, respectively. Silibinin-fed group of BxPC-3 tumors showed decreased cell proliferation and angiogenesis and an increased apoptosis, however, considerable inhibitory effect was observed only for angiogenesis in PANC-1 tumors. Overall, these findings show both in vitro as well as in vivo anticancer efficacy of silibinin against pancreatic cancer that could involve inhibition of cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction and/or decrease in tumor angiogenesis. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

ELIPGRID-PC: Upgraded version

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Davidson, J.R.

1995-12-01

Evaluating the need for and the effectiveness of remedial cleanup at waste sites often includes finding average contaminant concentrations and identifying pockets of contamination called hot spots. The standard tool for calculating the probability of detecting pockets of contamination called hot spots has been the ELIPGRID code of singer and Wickman. The ELIPGRID-PC program has recently made this algorithm available for an IBM reg-sign personal computer (PC) or compatible. A new version of ELIPGRID-PC, incorporating Monte Carlo test results and simple graphics, is herein described. Various examples of how to use the program for both single and multiple hot spot cases are given. The code for an American National Standards Institute C version of the ELIPGRID algorithm is provided, and limitations and further work are noted. This version of ELIPGRID-PC reliably meets the goal of moving Singer's ELIPGRID algorithm to the PC

The selective and inducible activation of endogenous PI 3-kinase in PC12 cells results in efficient NGF-mediated survival but defective neurite outgrowth.

Science.gov (United States)

Ashcroft, M; Stephens, R M; Hallberg, B; Downward, J; Kaplan, D R

1999-08-12

The Trk/Nerve Growth Factor receptor mediates the rapid activation of a number of intracellular signaling proteins, including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase). Here, we describe a novel, NGF-inducible system that we used to specifically address the signaling potential of endogenous PI 3-kinase in NGF-mediated neuronal survival and differentiation processes. This system utilizes a Trk receptor mutant (Trk(def)) lacking sequences Y490, Y785 and KFG important for the activation of the major Trk targets; SHC, PLC-gammal, Ras, PI 3-kinase and SNT. Trk(def) was kinase active but defective for NGF-induced responses when stably expressed in PC12nnr5 cells (which lack detectable levels of TrkA and are non-responsive to NGF). The PI 3-kinase consensus binding site, YxxM (YVPM), was introduced into the insert region within the kinase domain of Trk(def). NGF-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the Trk(def)+PI 3-kinase addback receptor, resulted in the direct association and selective activation of PI 3-kinase in vitro and the production of PI(3,4)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3 in vivo (comparable to wild-type). PC12nnr5 cells stably expressing Trk(def) + PI 3-kinase, initiated neurite outgrowth but failed to stably extend and maintain these neurites in response to NGF as compared to PC12 parental cells, or PC12nnr5 cells overexpressing wild-type Trk. However, Trk(def) + PI 3-kinase was fully competent in mediating NGF-induced survival processes. We propose that while endogenous PI 3-kinase can contribute in part to neurite initiation processes, its selective activation and subsequent signaling to downstream effectors such as Akt, functions mainly to promote cell survival in the PC12 system.

Echinophora platyloba DC (Apiaceae crude extract induces apoptosis in human prostate adenocarcinoma cells (PC 3

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Fatemeh Zare Shahneh

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Background: Prostate cancer is the second leading malignancy worldwide and the second prominent cause of cancer-related deaths among men. Therefore, there is a serious necessity for finding advanced alternative therapeutic measures against this lethal malignancy. In this article, we report the cytotoxicity and the mechanism of cell death of the methanolic extract prepared from Echinophora platyloba DC plant against human prostate adenocarcinoma PC 3 cell line and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells HUVEC cell line. Methods: Cytotoxicity and viability of the methanolic extract were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT assay and dye exclusion assay. Cell death enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA was employed to quantify the nucleosome production resulting from nuclear DNA fragmentation during apoptosis and determine whether the mechanism involves induction of apoptosis or necrosis. The cell death was identified as apoptosis using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL assay and DNA fragmentation gel electrophoresis. Results: E. platyloba could decrease cell viability in malignant cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The IC50 values against PC 3 were determined as 236.136 ± 12.4, 143.400 ± 7.2, and 69.383 ± 1.29 μg/ml after 24, 36, and 48 h, respectively, but there was no significant activity in HUVEC normal cell (IC50 > 800 μg/ml. Morphological characterizations and DNA laddering assay showed that the methanolic extract treated cells displayed marked apoptotic characteristics such as nuclear fragmentation, appearance of apoptotic bodies, and DNA laddering fragment. Increase in an early apoptotic population was observed in a dose-dependent manner. PC 3 cell death elicited by the extract was found to be apoptotic in nature based a clear indication of TUNEL assay and gel electrophoresis DNA fragmentation, which is a hallmark of apoptosis

Síntomas de estrés postraumático en adolescentes expuestos a un terremoto: asociación con autoeficacia, magnitud percibida y miedo

OpenAIRE

Cristóbal Guerra; Patricio Cumsille; M. Loreto Martínez

2014-01-01

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la relación entre la magnitud percibida, el miedo experimentado, las creencias de autoeficacia y los síntomas de estrés post-traumático en adolescentes. Se esperaba que las creencias de autoeficacia se asociaran con los síntomas de estrés post-traumático y que esta relación fuera mediada por el miedo. Se utilizaron datos que formaban parte de un estudio longitudinal sobre desarrollo normativo en la adolescencia que estaba en curso al momento de ocurrir ...

Modelo bayesiano para la determinación cuantitativa de la influencia de las condiciones laborales y familiares sobre la probabilidad de estrés. Identificación de variables amortiguadoras para reducir el estrés y sus síntomas fisiológicos. Un análisis a nivel europeo mediante la "V EWCS"

OpenAIRE

Cárdenas Gonzalo, David

2015-01-01

La Tesis presentada estudia como el estrés afecta tanto a aspectos laborales como familiares, creando un modelo probabilístico que justifica los comportamientos del ser humano, con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de vida. Este estudio está basado en la V Encuesta Europea sobre condiciones de trabajo (V EWCS). Las condiciones de trabajo, como por ejemplo las horas de trabajo, el ritmo ó los plazos ajustados, son variables que afectan directamente al estrés laboral. También las cargas fam...

Consenso sobre el abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico del dolor y el estrés en el recién nacido

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María de Lourdes Lemus-Varela

2014-11-01

Full Text Available El dolor y estrés en el recién nacido (RN se ha tratado en forma insuficiente; los recién nacidos que ingresan a las unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales (UCIN, a menudo deben someterse a procedimientos invasivos, dolorosos y estresantes y el tratamiento inadecuado incrementa la morbimortalidad. El V Consenso Clínico de la Sociedad Iberoamericana de Neonatología convocó a 32 neonatólogos de Iberoamérica para establecer las recomendaciones sobre diagnóstico y terapéutica del dolor y estrés neonatal. Se desarrollaron temas de relevancia, utilizando la mejor evidencia científica disponible en bases de datos indizadas. Todos participaron en forma activa en una reunión presencial en Santiago de Chile para consensuar las recomendaciones y conclusiones. El dolor y el estrés neonatal afectan el neurodesarrollo y la conducta a largo plazo, requieren el diagnóstico oportuno, el manejo y la terapéutica adecuada, incluso con fármacos que permitan balancear la efectividad y toxicidad. El Consenso señala la importancia de evaluar el dolor en el RN en forma multidimensional y proporciona recomendaciones de las indicaciones y limitaciones para la terapia farmacológica individualizada. El uso de los analgésicos tiene indicaciones precisas y debe limitarse por la carencia de estudios aleatorizados en RN, ya que en todos los casos existen efectos adversos a considerar. Se proponen medidas no farmacológicas para mitigar el dolor. El manejo del estrés debe comenzar en la sala de partos e incluir el contacto materno, la reducción de estímulos, la implementación de protocolos de intervención reducida, entre otros. SIBEN propone las recomendaciones para mejorar las prácticas clínicas relacionadas con el dolor y el estrés neonatal.

Red de coexpresión de 320 genes de Tectona grandis Relacionados con procesos de estrés abiótico y xilogénesis

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vladimir Camel

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Tectona grandis es un árbol maderable de importancia económica en bosques tropicales y subtropicales. Mediante este estudio, se identificaron familias de factores de transcripción (FTs y genes codificantes para enzima, diferencialmente expresados en el xilema del tallo, implicados en la regulación de la respuesta a estrés abiótico y xilogénesis en T. grandis . Así, fue analizada la distribución evolutiva de 19 genes codificantes para FTs de T. grandis mediante análisis filogenéticos. También, fue utilizada la minería de bases de datos y publicaciones para identificar 320 genes de Arabidopsis thaliana (ortólogos a T. grandis como soporte experimental y predictivo. Como resultados, se encontraron FTs de las familias bZIP, MYB, NAC, ER, b HLH , NuY y genes que codifican enzimas. Así mismo, se logró analizar el interactoma de T. grandis encontrando correlaciones de Pearson significativas para genes que regulan vías metabólicas de fenilpropanoides y estrés abiótico. Además, la red de coexpresión reveló nodos y aristas entre los genes TgRAP1, TgMyB1, TgHSF1, TgMyB3, TgNAC1, TgTsiid1, TgLieTFs1, TgNuy3, TgRAP2 y TgNuy4 . En particular, los análisis de ontología génica mostraron 31 genes de respuesta a estrés abiótico, principalmente TgHShT1, TgHSF1 y TgHSF2 como correguladores. Además, se encontró que el regulador maestro TgNAC1 , está involucrado en la corregulación de otros factores de transcripción.

Stroma-induced Jagged1 expression drives PC3 prostate cancer cell migration; disparate effects of RIP-generated proteolytic fragments on cell behaviour and Notch signaling

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Delury, Craig, E-mail: c.delury@lancaster.ac.uk [Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ (United Kingdom); Hart, Claire, E-mail: claire.hart@manchester.ac.uk [Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Paterson Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX (United Kingdom); Brown, Mick, E-mail: michael.brown@ics.manchester.ac.uk [Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Paterson Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX (United Kingdom); Clarke, Noel, E-mail: noel.clarke@christie.nhs.uk [Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Institute of Cancer Sciences, Paterson Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX (United Kingdom); Parkin, Edward, E-mail: e.parkin@lancaster.ac.uk [Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ (United Kingdom)

2016-03-25

The Notch ligand Jagged1 is subject to regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) which yields a soluble ectodomain (sJag) and a soluble Jagged1 intracellular domain (JICD). The full-length Jagged1 protein enhances prostate cancer (PCa) cell proliferation and is highly expressed in metastatic cells. However, little is known regarding the mechanisms by which Jagged1 or its RIP-generated fragments might promote PCa bone metastasis. In the current study we show that bone marrow stroma (BMS) induces Jagged1 expression in bone metastatic prostate cancer PC3 cells and that this enhanced expression is mechanistically linked to the promotion of cell migration. We also show that RIP-generated Jagged1 fragments exert disparate effects on PC3 cell behaviour and Notch signaling. In conclusion, the expression of both the full-length ligand and its RIP-generated fragments must be considered in tandem when attempting to regulate Jagged1 as a possible PCa therapy. - Highlights: • Bone marrow stroma induces Jagged1 expression in prostate cancer (PCa) PC3 cells. • This enhanced expression of full-length Jagged1 is required for PC3 cell migration. • Proteolytic fragments of Jagged1 exert disparate effects on PC3 cell behaviour. • Effects of fragments on cell behaviour do not correlate with Notch signaling. • Effects of Jagged1 and its fragments on PCa metastasis likely to be complex.

PC-BLAS, PC Linear Algebra Subroutines

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hanson, R.J.

1989-01-01

1 - Description of program or function: PC-BLAS is a highly optimized version of the Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms (BLAS), a standardized set of 38 routines that perform low-level operations on vectors of numbers in single- and double-precision real and complex arithmetic. Routines are included to find the index of the largest component of a vector, apply a Givens or modified Givens rotation, multiply a vector by a constant, determine the Euclidean length, perform a dot product, swap and copy vectors, and find the norm of a vector. 2 - Restrictions on the complexity of the problem: The number of components in any vector and the spacing or stride between their entries must not exceed 32,767 (2 15 -1). PC-BLAS will not work with an 80286 CPU operating in 'protected' mode

Comprehensive two-dimensional PC-3 prostate cancer cell membrane chromatography for screening anti-tumor components from Radix Sophorae flavescentis.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Qiang; Xu, Junnan; Li, Xiang; Zhang, Dawei; Han, Yong; Zhang, Xu

2017-07-01

Radix Sophorae flavescentis is generally used for the treatment of different stages of prostate cancer in China. It has ideal effects when combined with surgical treatment and chemotherapy. However, its active components are still ambiguous. We devised a comprehensive two-dimensional PC-3 prostate cancer cell membrane chromatography system for screening anti-prostate cancer components in Radix Sophorae flavescentis. Gefitinib and dexamethasone were chosen as positive and negative drugs respectively for validation and optimization the selectivity and suitability of the comprehensive two-dimensional chromatographic system. Five compounds, sophocarpine, matrine, oxymatrine, oxysophocarpine, and xanthohumol were found to have significant retention behaviors on the PC-3 cell membrane chromatography and were unambiguously identified by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Cell proliferation and apoptosis assays confirmed that all five compounds had anti-prostate cancer effects. Matrine and xanthohumol had good inhibitory effects, with half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 0.893 and 0.137 mg/mL, respectively. Our comprehensive two-dimensional PC-3 prostate cancer cell membrane chromatographic system promotes the efficient recognition and rapid analysis of drug candidates, and it will be practical for the discovery of prostate cancer drugs from complex traditional Chinese medicines. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Isolation of eugenyl β-primeveroside from Camellia sasanqua and its anticancer activity in PC3 prostate cancer cells

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chun-Chieh Wang

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Most studies of tea trees have focused on their ornamental properties, there are fewer published studies on their medical values. The purpose of this study was to compare the chemical constituents and the biological potential of the water extract of leaves in eight species of Camellia including Camellia sinensis. Among eight Camellia species, Camellia sasanqua showed potent anticancer activities in prostate cancer PC3 cells. In addition to catechins, the major component, eugenyl β-primeveroside was detected in C. sasanqua. Eugenyl β-primeveroside blocked the progression of cell cycle at G1 phase by inducing p53 expression and further upregulating p21 expression. Moreover, eugenyl β-primeveroside induced apoptosis in PC3 prostate cancer cells. Our results suggest that C. sasanqua may have anticancer potential.

Automated IBM PC/XT/AT based measurement and control system for the DRON-3M X-ray diffractometer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tulaev, A.B.

1989-01-01

An automated IBM PC/XT/AT based measurement and control system for the DRON-3M X-ray diffractometer is decribed. The system permits carrying out of real time diffractometer control automatic X-spectra measurement and data acquisition, as well as experimental information computing and representation. The electronic of the system consists of a CAMAC crate with analog and power modules, and a control and measurement organization module, performed as a single bord in the standard of PC electronics. The system provides X-spectra acquisition with volume up to 4K in the angle range from 100 to 160 degrees with a resolution of 0.01 degree, a dead time less than 1mks and an exposition time from tenths of a second to dozens of minutes. 3 refs.; 5 figs

Relación entre estrés y calidad de vida en profesionales del área psicogeriátrica como medidor de intervención para mejora en el clima laboral

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carmen María Sarabia-Cobo

Full Text Available En los últimos años se han incrementado los estudios sobre estrés centrados en los profesionales sanitarios que atienden a personas con demencia, considerados como el colectivo sanitario sometido a mayor sobrecarga de trabajo, con graves consecuencias a nivel físico y psíquico. No obstante, son pocos los estudios que relacionan niveles de estrés con calidad de vida profesional, la cual tiene una repercusión directa en el clima laboral y en la atención a los usuarios. Objetivos: Estudiar la posible relación entre estrés y calidad de vida profesional como indicadores del clima laboral, en profesionales del ámbito de la psicogeriatría. Específico: identificar los niveles de estrés (burnout y de calidad de vida profesional, y establecer una relación con ciertas variables sociodemográficas. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo y transversal que estudió las variables burnout y calidad de vida profesional en profesionales sanitarios de dos centros residenciales para mayores de Santander, con más del 50% de los usuarios con deterioro cognitivo en diferentes estadios. Resultados: Se hallaron puntuaciones medias de burnout y de calidad de vida profesional, con correlaciones negativas significativas entre las subescalas de Agotamiento emocional y Despersonalización y calidad global de vida profesional. Los profesionales con más años en psicogeriatría presentaron las mayores puntuaciones de estrés. Conclusiones: Existe una relación importante entre los niveles de estrés y la calidad de vida profesional, especialmente atendiendo a la carga de trabajo en el ámbito de las demencias.

Fabrication and charge/energy-transfer study of 4,7-bis(4-triphenylamino)benzo- 2,1,3-thiadiazole/CuPc composite films

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhu Yuanyuan; Wei Xiao; Xue Minzhao; Zhang Qing; Sheng Qiaorong; Liu Yangang; Gu Shuangxi

2010-01-01

Composite films of 4,7-bis(4-triphenylamino)benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole (TBT) and copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) are fabricated via protonation-coelectrophoretic deposition from nitromethane solutions of TBT/CuPc mixture in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid as a protonation reagent. A nanospheres-nanowires interpenetrating network structure is obtained when the molar percentage of TBT is 70%. Furthermore, the existence of TBT makes α-phased CuPc be partly transformed into the β-phase, and simultaneously, CuPc disorganizes the TBT unit cells. The blue shift on the absorption edge of TBT and the significant fluorescence quenching in the composite films indicate energy/charge transfer and donor-acceptor (D-A) heterojunction formation. Then these results are proved from another point of view: the mutual overlap of absorption and emission spectra of TBT and CuPc lead to a bidirectional Foerster resonance energy transfer at the interface; the molecular energy levels calculated from the results of cyclic voltammetry theoretically determine that there exist a D-A heterojunction and charge transfer from TBT to CuPc. Finally, from the investigation of the field-induced surface photovoltage spectra, it can be concluded that this charge transfer results in efficient dissociation of the photoinduced excitons in the composite films, followed by the generation of a strong photovoltage response.

Fabrication and charge/energy-transfer study of 4,7-bis(4-triphenylamino)benzo- 2,1,3-thiadiazole/CuPc composite films

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhu Yuanyuan; Wei Xiao; Xue Minzhao; Zhang Qing; Sheng Qiaorong; Liu Yangang [School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240 (China); Gu Shuangxi, E-mail: mzxue@sjtu.edu.c [Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433 (China)

2010-12-15

Composite films of 4,7-bis(4-triphenylamino)benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole (TBT) and copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) are fabricated via protonation-coelectrophoretic deposition from nitromethane solutions of TBT/CuPc mixture in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid as a protonation reagent. A nanospheres-nanowires interpenetrating network structure is obtained when the molar percentage of TBT is 70%. Furthermore, the existence of TBT makes {alpha}-phased CuPc be partly transformed into the {beta}-phase, and simultaneously, CuPc disorganizes the TBT unit cells. The blue shift on the absorption edge of TBT and the significant fluorescence quenching in the composite films indicate energy/charge transfer and donor-acceptor (D-A) heterojunction formation. Then these results are proved from another point of view: the mutual overlap of absorption and emission spectra of TBT and CuPc lead to a bidirectional Foerster resonance energy transfer at the interface; the molecular energy levels calculated from the results of cyclic voltammetry theoretically determine that there exist a D-A heterojunction and charge transfer from TBT to CuPc. Finally, from the investigation of the field-induced surface photovoltage spectra, it can be concluded that this charge transfer results in efficient dissociation of the photoinduced excitons in the composite films, followed by the generation of a strong photovoltage response.

Small RNA Sequencing Reveals Dlk1-Dio3 Locus-Embedded MicroRNAs as Major Drivers of Ground-State Pluripotency.

Science.gov (United States)

Moradi, Sharif; Sharifi-Zarchi, Ali; Ahmadi, Amirhossein; Mollamohammadi, Sepideh; Stubenvoll, Alexander; Günther, Stefan; Salekdeh, Ghasem Hosseini; Asgari, Sassan; Braun, Thomas; Baharvand, Hossein

2017-12-12

Ground-state pluripotency is a cell state in which pluripotency is established and maintained through efficient repression of endogenous differentiation pathways. Self-renewal and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are influenced by ESC-associated microRNAs (miRNAs). Here, we provide a comprehensive assessment of the "miRNome" of ESCs cultured under conditions favoring ground-state pluripotency. We found that ground-state ESCs express a distinct set of miRNAs compared with ESCs grown in serum. Interestingly, most "ground-state miRNAs" are encoded by an imprinted region on chromosome 12 within the Dlk1-Dio3 locus. Functional analysis revealed that ground-state miRNAs embedded in the Dlk1-Dio3 locus (miR-541-5p, miR-410-3p, and miR-381-3p) promoted pluripotency via inhibition of multi-lineage differentiation and stimulation of self-renewal. Overall, our results demonstrate that ground-state pluripotency is associated with a unique miRNA signature, which supports ground-state self-renewal by suppressing differentiation. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Peak Pc Prediction in Conjunction Analysis: Conjunction Assessment Risk Analysis. Pc Behavior Prediction Models

Science.gov (United States)

Vallejo, J.J.; Hejduk, M.D.; Stamey, J. D.

2015-01-01

Satellite conjunction risk typically evaluated through the probability of collision (Pc). Considers both conjunction geometry and uncertainties in both state estimates. Conjunction events initially discovered through Joint Space Operations Center (JSpOC) screenings, usually seven days before Time of Closest Approach (TCA). However, JSpOC continues to track objects and issue conjunction updates. Changes in state estimate and reduced propagation time cause Pc to change as event develops. These changes a combination of potentially predictable development and unpredictable changes in state estimate covariance. Operationally useful datum: the peak Pc. If it can reasonably be inferred that the peak Pc value has passed, then risk assessment can be conducted against this peak value. If this value is below remediation level, then event intensity can be relaxed. Can the peak Pc location be reasonably predicted?

Afrontamiento y sensibilidad emocional como moderadores de la relación estrés-salud en médicos venezolanos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lisbeth Bethelmy

2013-11-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar el rol moderador de la sensibilidad emocional y los estilos de afrontamiento en la relación estrés-salud en médicos venezolanos. La muestra estuvo conformada por 130 médicos que trabajan en unidades críticas de hospitales públicos de la ciudad de Caracas, a quienes se evaluó su nivel de estrés laboral, sensibilidad emocional, estilos de afrontamiento y salud percibida. Las regresiones jerárquicas indicaron que los estilos de afrontamiento racional y por desapego emocional actúan como variables protectoras de los síntomas físicos, mientras que el afrontamiento por evitación constituye un factor de riesgo que acentúa los efectos negativos del estrés sobre la salud. El afrontamiento por evitación fue la única variable que actuó como moderadora de la relación entre el control percibido y los síntomas psicológicos. La sensibilidad emocional no mostró un efecto moderador, pero pudo establecerse su impacto directo sobre los síntomas. El estudio brinda nueva evidencia empírica para los modelos de sensibilidad emocional y afrontamiento para el estudio de las diferencias individuales en los profesionales de la medicina en Venezuela.

Papel del receptor del ácido lisofosfatídico LPA1 en la neurogénesis hipocampal adulta y la memoria espacial en situaciones de estrés crónico

OpenAIRE

Castilla Ortega, María Estela

2012-01-01

Este estudio muestra que los ratones carentes del receptor del ácido lisofosfatídico LPA1 (LPA1-nulos) presentan déficit de memoria espacial. Además, el efecto del estrés crónico sobre la neurogénesis hipocampal adulta y la memoria espacial es más severo en los LPA1-nulos que en animales normales, demostrándose que la ausencia del receptor agrava las consecuencias del estrés. La modulación de la señalización mediada por el LPA1 podría intervenir en la patología asociada al estrés y al hipocam...

Overexpression of the human ubiquitin E3 ligase CUL4A alleviates hypoxia–reoxygenation injury in pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tan, Can; Zhang, Li-Yang; Chen, Hong; Xiao, Ling; Liu, Xian-Peng; Zhang, Jian-Xiang

2011-01-01

Highlights: ► Overexpression of human CUL4A (hCUL4A) in PC12 cells. ► The effects of hCUL4A on hypoxia–reoxygenation injury were investigated. ► hCUL4A suppresses apoptosis and DNA damage and thus promotes cell survival. ► hCUL4A regulates apoptosis-related proteins and cell cycle regulators. -- Abstract: The ubiquitin E3 ligase CUL4A plays important roles in diverse cellular processes including carcinogenesis and proliferation. It has been reported that the expression of CUL4A can be induced by hypoxic-ischemic injury. However, the effect of elevated expression of CUL4A on hypoxia–reoxygenation injury is currently unclear. In this study, human CUL4A (hCUL4A) was expressed in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells using adenoviral vector-mediated gene transfer, and the effects of hCUL4A expression on hypoxia–reoxygenation injury were investigated. In PC12 cells subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation, we found that hCUL4A suppresses apoptosis and DNA damage by regulating apoptosis-related proteins and cell cycle regulators (Bcl-2, caspase-3, p53 and p27); consequently, hCUL4A promotes cell survival. Taken together, our results reveal the beneficial effects of hCUL4A in PC12 cells upon hypoxia–reoxygenation injury.

Conocimientos sobre estrés, salud y creencias de control para la Atención Primaria de Salud

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David Pérez Núñez

Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión sobre la relación del estrés, salud y creencias de control para la Atención Primaria de Salud, resaltando que el estrés es una condición que de no abordarse adecuadamente sus síntomas producen una serie de trastornos en el individuo, repercutiendo en la salud de este, pudiendo crearse diversos problemas como conflictos, insatisfacciones y dificultad en su desenvolvimiento social. Es decir, el estrés se nos presenta como un fenómeno que representa un modo particular de relación del hombre con el entorno, que tiene diferentes "grados" que se distinguen por la intensidad de las vivencias emocionales presentes, su carácter placentero/displacentero; la magnitud de la estimulación que el sujeto recibe de manera pasiva; o por conllevar una respuesta fisiológica, más o menos específica y que de acuerdo a las creencias de control, son los recursos internos y externos con que cuentan los sujetos para afrontarlo y que de ser adecuados atenuarían los daños a la salud. Este último aspecto nos motivó, por su gran valor, a la actualización en el tema para el equipo básico de salud, donde a partir de su comprensión permitirá el desarrollo de estrategias de intervención que logren atenuar sus efectos sobre la salud de los individuos y familia.

Neurobiología del Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático

OpenAIRE

Fernández Díaz, José María

2017-01-01

El objetivo de este trabajo es hacer una revisión bibliográfica sobre las alteraciones que presentan los sujetos con Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático (TEPT) a nivel de cambios neuroanatómicos estructurales y funcionales, sistema endocrino y sistema inmunológico. Para ello, se usará la herramienta de búsqueda PudMed en las que se buscarán estudios acerca de los diferentes aspectos citados anteriormente. En la introducción se justifica brevemente la elección del tema y se aportan datos epidem...

Influencia del estrés térmico en la productividad de la Cia de Minas Buenaventura S.A.A.,Unidad Recuperada – Mina Teresita

OpenAIRE

Larzo Tapia, Marcial

2015-01-01

La presente Tesis se desarrolló en La Cía. De Minas Buenaventura S.A.A., Unidad Recuperada, zona de Teresita, Teniendo como muestra las labores de la empresa especializada J. C. B. SRLT., el objetivo del estudio es determinar la influencia del trabajo y el Estrés Térmico en la Productividad de la Cía. Minera Buenaventura Unidad Recuperada – Mina Teresita, prevenir y controlar los accidentes y determinar la relación en el trabajo y el Estrés Térmico en la Productividad, el tipo de investigació...

El papel de los estresores y las condiciones de estado civil para explicar la depresión y el estrés en adolescentes gestantes

OpenAIRE

Lucía del Carmen Quezada Berumen; Mónica Teresa González Ramírez

2012-01-01

Este estudio identificó la relación entre depresión, estrés y número de estresores enfrentados por adolescentes primigestas bajo distintas condiciones de estado civil. Correspondió a un estudio no experimental, transversal y exploratorio; la muestra estuvo compuesta por 82 adolescentes primigestas entre 15 y 19 años, a quienes se les aplicaron el Inventario de Depresión de Beck, la Escala de Estrés Percibido y el Cuestionario de Sucesos Vitales. Los resultados del análisis de ecuaciones estru...

El papel de los estresores y las condiciones de estado civil para explicar la depresión y el estrés en adolescentes gestantes

OpenAIRE

Quezada Berumen, Lucía del Carmen; González Ramírez, Mónica Teresa

2012-01-01

Este estudio identicó la relación entre depresión, estrés y número de estresores enfrentados por adolescentes primigestas bajo distintas condiciones de estado civil. Correspondió a un estudio no experimental, transversal y exploratorio; la muestra estuvo compuesta por 82 adolescentes primigestas entre 15 y 19 años, a quienes se les aplicaron el Inventario de Depresión de Beck, la Escala de Estrés Percibido y el Cuestionario de Sucesos Vitales. Los resultados del análisis de ecuaciones estruct...

NanoTIO2 (UV-Titan) does not induce ESTR mutations in the germline of prenatally exposed female mice

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Boisen, Anne Mette Zenner; Shipley, Thomas; Hougaard, Karin Sørig

2012-01-01

Particulate air pollution has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Animal studies have shown that inhalation of air particulates induces mutations in the male germline. Expanded simple tandem repeat (ESTR) loci in mice are sensitive markers of mutagenic effects o...

Repairing and Upgrading Your PC

CERN Document Server

Thompson, Robert

2009-01-01

Repairing and Upgrading Your PC delivers start-to-finish instructions, simple enough for even the most inexperienced PC owner, for troubleshooting, repairing, and upgrading your computer. Written by hardware experts Robert Bruce Thompson and Barbara Fritchman Thompson, this book covers it all: how to troubleshoot a troublesome PC, how to identify which components make sense for an upgrade, and how to tear it all down and put it back together. This book shows how to repair and upgrade all of your PC's essential components.

Tanshinone IIA protects PC12 cells from β-amyloid(25-35)-induced apoptosis via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Science.gov (United States)

Dong, Huimin; Mao, Shanping; Mao, Shanpin; Wei, Jiajun; Liu, Baohui; Zhang, Zhaohui; Zhang, Qian; Yan, Mingmin

2012-06-01

For the aging populations of any nation, Dementia is becoming a primary problem and Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) is the most common type. However, until now, there is no effective treatment for AD. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) has been reported for neuroprotective potential to against amyloid β peptides (Aβ)-induced cytotoxicity in the rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC-12, which is widely used as AD research model, but the mechanism still remains unclear. To investigate the effect of Tan IIA and the possible molecular mechanism in the apoptosis of PC12 cells, we induced apoptosis in PC12 cells with β-amyloid(25-35), and treated cells with Tan IIA. After 24 h treatment, we found that Tan IIA increased the cell viability and reduced the number of apoptotic cells induced by Aβ(25-35). However, neuroprotection of Tan IIA was abolished by PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Meanwhile, Treatment with lithium chloride, a phosphorylation inhibitor of GSK3β, which is a downstream target of PI3K/Akt, can block Aβ(25-35)-induced cell apoptosis in a Tan IIA-like manner. Our findings suggest that Tan IIA is an effective neuroprotective agent and a viable candidate in AD therapy and PI3K/Akt activation and GSK3β phosphorylation are involved in the neuroprotection of Tan IIA.

FACTOR TRANSCRIPCIONAL NF-KB EN LA APOPTOSIS DEL CARDIOMIOCITO ACTIVADA POR ESTRES HIPEROSMOTICO

OpenAIRE

EISNER SAGUES, VERONICA RAQUEL; EISNER SAGUES, VERONICA RAQUEL

2004-01-01

En el cardiomiocito, la apoptosis o muerte celular programada tipo I se desencadena por múltiples estímulos fisiopatológicos, comprometiendo significativamente la funcionalidad del tejido cardiaco. Los factores transcripcionales son articuladores fundamentales de los programas génicos que permiten a las células ya sea adaptarse o ejecutar su muerte frente a estos estímulos. Este Laboratorio ha establecido que el estrés hiperosmótico gatilla una rápida y potente muerte del cardiomiocito ...

[68Ga]pentixafor for CXCR4 imaging in a PC-3 prostate cancer xenograft model - comparison with [18F]FDG PET/CT, MRI and ex vivo receptor expression.

Science.gov (United States)

Schwarzenböck, Sarah M; Stenzel, Jan; Otto, Thomas; Helldorff, Heike V; Bergner, Carina; Kurth, Jens; Polei, Stefan; Lindner, Tobias; Rauer, Romina; Hohn, Alexander; Hakenberg, Oliver W; Wester, Hans J; Vollmar, Brigitte; Krause, Bernd J

2017-11-10

The aim was to characterize the properties of [ 68 Ga]Pentixafor as tracer for prostate cancer imaging in a PC-3 prostate cancer xenograft mouse model and to investigate its correlation with [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ex vivo analyses. Static [ 68 Ga]Pentixafor and [ 18 F]FDG PET as well as morphological/ diffusion weighted MRI and 1 H MR spectroscopy was performed. Imaging data were correlated with ex vivo biodistribution and CXCR4 expression in PC-3 tumors (immunohistochemistry (IHC), mRNA analysis). Flow cytometry was performed for evaluation of localization of CXCR4 receptors ( in vitro PC-3 cell experiments). Tumor uptake of [ 68 Ga]Pentixafor was significantly lower compared to [ 18 F]FDG. Ex vivo CXCR4 mRNA expression of tumors was shown by PCR. Only faint tumor CXCR4 expression was shown by IHC (immuno reactive score of 3). Accordingly, flow cytometry of PC-3 cells revealed only a faint signal, cell membrane permeabilisation showed a slight signal increase. There was no significant correlation of [ 68 Ga]Pentixafor tumor uptake and ex vivo receptor expression. Spectroscopy showed typical spectra of prostate cancer. PC-3 tumor uptake of [ 68 Ga]Pentixafor was existent but lower compared to [ 18 F]FDG. No significant correlation of ex vivo tumor CXCR4 receptor expression and [ 68 Ga]Pentixafor tumor uptake was shown. CXCR4 receptor expression on the surface of PC-3 cells was existent but rather low possibly explaining the limited [ 68 Ga]Pentixafor tumor uptake; receptor localization in the interior of PC-3 cells is presumable as shown by cell membrane permeabilisation. Further studies are necessary to define the role of [ 68 Ga]Pentixafor in prostate cancer imaging.

Reduciendo el impacto del estrés sobre el bienestar: la habilidad de manejo emocional como moderador diferencial en función del género

OpenAIRE

Extremera, Natalio

2013-01-01

Este trabajo examina el papel moderador de una dimension central de la inteligencia emocional, la habilidad de manejo emocional, en la relación entre estrés percibido e indicadores de bienestar positivo y negativo en una muestra de población adulta. Para evaluar las variables en este estudio se utilizaron la rama 4 del Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) para evaluar habilidades de manejo emocional, la escala de estrés percibido (PSS) y la escalas de Depresión, Ansiedad ...

The Role of Locus of Control and Feedback on Performance of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This study examined Students' Locus of Control and Teacher Feedback using a 2x3 factorial to measure the performance of thirty-six (36) primary school students utilizing the two locus of control types and three levels of teacher feedback: no feedback, attributional feedback, and progressive feedback. No significant ...

Is Tobacco Smoke a Germ-Cell Mutagen?

Science.gov (United States)

Although no international organization exists to declare whether an agent is a germ-cell mutagen, tobacco smoke may be a human germ-cell mutagen. In the mouse, tobacco smoke induces a significant increase in the mutation frequency at an expanded simple tandem repeat (ESTR) locus....

PcToll2 positively regulates the expression of antimicrobial peptides by promoting PcATF4 translocation into the nucleus.

Science.gov (United States)

Lan, Jiang-Feng; Zhao, Li-Juan; Wei, Shun; Wang, Yuan; Lin, Li; Li, Xin-Cang

2016-11-01

Drosophila Toll and mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of evolutionarily conserved immune receptors that play a crucial role in the first-line defense against intruded pathogens. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), a member of the ATF/CREB transcription factor family, is an important factor that participates in TLR signaling and other physiological processes. However, in crustaceans, whether ATF4 homologs were involved in TLR signaling remains unclear. In the current study, we identified a Toll homolog PcToll2 and a novel ATF4 homolog PcATF4 from Procambarus clarkii, and analyzed the likely regulatory activity of PcATF4 in PcToll2 signaling. The complete cDNA sequence of PcToll2 was 4175 bp long containing an open reading frame of 2820 bp encoding a 939-amino acid protein, and the cDNA sequence of PcATF4 was 2027 bp long with an open reading frame of 1296 bp encoding a 431-amino acid protein. PcToll2 and human TLR4 shared the high identity and they were grouped into a cluster. Furthermore, PcToll2 had a close relationship with other shrimp TLRs that possessed potential antibacterial activity. PcToll2 was highly expressed in the hemocytes, heart and gills, while PcATF4 mainly distributed in gills. Upon challenge with Vibrio parahemolyticus, PcToll2 and PcATF4 together with the antimicrobial peptides of ALF1 and ALF2 were significantly up-regulated in the hemocytes, and the PcATF4 was translocated into the nucleus. After PcToll2 silencing and challenge with Vibrio, the translocation of PcATF4 into the nucleus was inhibited and the expression of ALF1 and ALF2 was reduced, but the expression of PcDorsal and PcSTAT was not affected. Furthermore, after PcATF4 knockdown and challenge with or without Vibrio, the expression of ALF1 and ALF2 was also decreased while the expression of PcToll2 was upregulated. These results suggested that PcToll2 might regulate the expression of ALF1 and ALF2 by promoting the import of PcATF4, instead of the routine

Icariin Prevents Amyloid Beta-Induced Apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt Pathway in PC-12 Cells

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Dongdong Zhang

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Icariin is a prenylated flavonol glycoside derived from the Chinese herb Epimedium sagittatum that exerts a variety of pharmacological activities and shows promise in the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer’s disease. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of icariin against amyloid beta protein fragment 25–35 (Aβ25–35 induced neurotoxicity in cultured rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells and explored potential underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that icariin dose-dependently increased cell viability and decreased Aβ25–35-induced apoptosis, as assessed by MTT assay and Annexin V/propidium iodide staining, respectively. Results of western blot analysis revealed that the selective phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K inhibitor LY294002 suppressed icariin-induced Akt phosphorylation, suggesting that the protective effects of icariin are associated with activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. LY294002 also blocked the icariin-induced downregulation of proapoptotic factors Bax and caspase-3 and upregulation of antiapoptotic factor Bcl-2 in Aβ25–35-treated PC12 cells. These findings provide further evidence for the clinical efficacy of icariin in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.

Respuesta al estrés, Temperamento y Crianza en niños colombianos de 1 año

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Marta Martínez, Colombia

2015-07-01

Full Text Available (analítico:Este estudio busco explorar las relaciones entre el temperamento de una muestra de niños de 1 año (264, las expectativas y prácticas de crianza de sus padres y el cortisol en saliva como respuesta al estrés en una submuestra de la anterior (59. La respuesta al estrés se encontró asociada con la variable prácticas disciplinarias (R=0,31 y se correlaciono negativamente con las variables extroversión (R=-0,35 y regulación (-0,21. No se encontró correlación entre las variables de temperamento y crianza, lo cual se interpreta con la teoría de la bondad del ajuste. Estos resultados son relevantes en la planificación de los programas de formación de padres y soportan la importancia de erradicar el castigo físico y promover una crianza flexible que se acople a las diferencias individuales.

Respuesta al estrés, Temperamento y Crianza en niños colombianos de 1 año

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marta Martínez

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio busco explorar las relaciones entre el temperamento deuna muestra de niños de 1 año (264, las expectativas y prácticas de crianza de sus padres y el cortisolen saliva como respuesta al estrés en una submuestra de la anterior (59. La respuesta al estrés seencontró asociada con la variable prácticas disciplinarias (R=0,31 y se correlaciono negativamentecon las variables extroversión (R=-0,35 y regulación (-0,21. No se encontró correlación entre lasvariables de temperamento y crianza, lo cual se interpreta con la teoría de la bondad del ajuste. Estosresultados son relevantes en la planificación de los programas de formación de padres y soportanla importancia de erradicar el castigo físico y promover una crianza flexible que se acople a lasdiferencias individuales.

La psicología de la salud: Un enfoque multidisciplinario acerca del estrés y cambio conductal

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Manolete Moscoso

1994-06-01

Full Text Available Este articulo revisa líneas de investigación y profesionales en el campo de la psicología de la salud y la medicina conductual. Se discuten investigaciones recientes acerca del estrés, el sistema inmunológico, los cambios conducruales y la promoción de la salud. Un énfasis en el virus de inmunodeficiencia (HN/SIDA es muy importante dado el rol de la psicología de la salud para prevenir la expansión de la epidemia y mantener una buena calidad de vida. Se han examinado las respuestas psicosociales y del sistema inmunológico de individuos antes y después de ser notificados de su status de HN y como consecuencia de los procedimientos de intervención para manejar el estrés. Se consideran los factores psicológicos y sociológicos en el desarrollo de la enfermedad.

Effectiveness of teaching cognitive-behavioral techniques on locus of control in hemodialysis patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Mehrtak, Mohammad; Habibzadeh, Shahram; Farzaneh, Esmaeil; Rjaei-Khiavi, Abdollah

2017-10-01

Many of the cognitive behavioral models and therapeutic protocols developed so far for psychological disorders and chronic diseases have proved effective through clinical research. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of teaching cognitive-behavioral techniques on locus of control in hemodialysis patients. This controlled clinical trial study was conducted in 2015 with 76 patients selected by census and treated with a hemodialysis machine in the dialysis department of Vali-Asr Hospital in the city of Meshkinshahr. A total of four patients were excluded because of their critical conditions while the rest, who were recruited, were randomly divided into two equal groups of 36 patients as the intervention and control groups. First, the locus of control was measured in both groups through a pretest, and cognitive-behavioral techniques were then taught to the intervention group during eight 45 to 90-minute sessions. The locus of control in patients of both groups was finally re-measured through a posttest. Data were collected using Rotter's Locus of Control Inventory. The Wilcoxon test and Mann-Whitney U test were respectively used in SPSS18 for data analysis. In the pretest and posttest stages respectively, 4.8% and 14.3% of samples in the control group as well as 14.3% and 33.3% of samples in the intervention group enjoyed internal locus of control. The difference between the pretest and posttest scores of internal locus of control in the intervention group was significant (p=0.004), which indicates the positive effect of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapeutic intervention on internalization of locus of control in this group. Given the external locus of control in most of the study patients and also the positive significant effect of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy on internalization of locus of control in this group of patients, it appears necessary to have a psychology resident present in the hemodialysis department to teach the necessary cognitive

Matrix-Dependent Regulation of AKT in Hepsin-Overexpressing PC3 Prostate Cancer Cells12

Science.gov (United States)

Wittig-Blaich, Stephanie M; Kacprzyk, Lukasz A; Eismann, Thorsten; Bewerunge-Hudler, Melanie; Kruse, Petra; Winkler, Eva; Strauss, Wolfgang S L; Hibst, Raimund; Steiner, Rudolf; Schrader, Mark; Mertens, Daniel; Sültmann, Holger; Wittig, Rainer

2011-01-01

The serine-protease hepsin is one of the most prominently overexpressed genes in human prostate carcinoma. Forced expression of the enzyme in mice prostates is associated with matrix degradation, invasive growth, and prostate cancer progression. Conversely, hepsin overexpression in metastatic prostate cancer cell lines was reported to induce cell cycle arrest and reduction of invasive growth in vitro. We used a system for doxycycline (dox)-inducible target gene expression in metastasis-derived PC3 cells to analyze the effects of hepsin in a quantitative manner. Loss of viability and adhesion correlated with hepsin expression levels during anchorage-dependent but not anchorage-independent growth. Full expression of hepsin led to cell death and detachment and was specifically associated with reduced phosphorylation of AKT at Ser473, which was restored by growth on matrix derived from RWPE1 normal prostatic epithelial cells. In the chorioallantoic membrane xenograft model, hepsin overexpression in PC3 cells reduced the viability of tumors but did not suppress invasive growth. The data presented here provide evidence that elevated levels of hepsin interfere with cell adhesion and viability in the background of prostate cancer as well as other tissue types, the details of which depend on the microenvironment provided. Our findings suggest that overexpression of the enzyme in prostate carcinogenesis must be spatially and temporally restricted for the efficient development of tumors and metastases. PMID:21750652

Vínculo entre estrés oxidativo y enfermedad por quemaduras

OpenAIRE

Rodríguez Rodríguez, Yoel; Beato Canfux, Abraham; García Sánchez, Maura

2012-01-01

Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre el tema del estrés oxidativo; y se tuvieron en cuenta la fisiología normal de este mecanismo metabólico, las causas de su alteración y el daño que produce, cuando se descompensan los sistemas de defensa del organismo, con el objetivo de evidenciar el vínculo entre el daño oxidativo a las células y la fisiopatología de las lesiones producidas por quemaduras mayores, a partir del análisis de las fuentes bibliográficas nacionales e internacionales impr...

Overexpression of the human ubiquitin E3 ligase CUL4A alleviates hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tan, Can [Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, 172 Tong Zipo Road, Changsha 410013 (China); Zhang, Li-Yang [Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, 110 Xiang Ya Road, Changsha 410078 (China); Chen, Hong [Department of Developmental Biology, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, 172 Tong Zipo Road, Changsha 410013 (China); Xiao, Ling [Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, 172 Tong Zipo Road, Changsha 410013 (China); Liu, Xian-Peng, E-mail: xliu@lsuhsc.edu [Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932 (United States); Zhang, Jian-Xiang, E-mail: jianxiangzhang@yahoo.cn [Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, 172 Tong Zipo Road, Changsha 410013 (China); Department of Developmental Biology, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, 172 Tong Zipo Road, Changsha 410013 (China)

2011-12-16

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Overexpression of human CUL4A (hCUL4A) in PC12 cells. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer The effects of hCUL4A on hypoxia-reoxygenation injury were investigated. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer hCUL4A suppresses apoptosis and DNA damage and thus promotes cell survival. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer hCUL4A regulates apoptosis-related proteins and cell cycle regulators. -- Abstract: The ubiquitin E3 ligase CUL4A plays important roles in diverse cellular processes including carcinogenesis and proliferation. It has been reported that the expression of CUL4A can be induced by hypoxic-ischemic injury. However, the effect of elevated expression of CUL4A on hypoxia-reoxygenation injury is currently unclear. In this study, human CUL4A (hCUL4A) was expressed in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells using adenoviral vector-mediated gene transfer, and the effects of hCUL4A expression on hypoxia-reoxygenation injury were investigated. In PC12 cells subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation, we found that hCUL4A suppresses apoptosis and DNA damage by regulating apoptosis-related proteins and cell cycle regulators (Bcl-2, caspase-3, p53 and p27); consequently, hCUL4A promotes cell survival. Taken together, our results reveal the beneficial effects of hCUL4A in PC12 cells upon hypoxia-reoxygenation injury.

Estrés Laboral en Médicos Residentes del Hospital Nacional Carlos Alberto Seguín Escobedo y del Hospital Regional Honorio Delgado Espinosa. Arequipa, 2015

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Mazeyra Guillén, Alvaro Augusto

2017-01-01

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivos determinar el estrés laboral en los médicos residentes del Hospital “Carlos Alberto Seguín Escobedo” de EsSalud (HNCASE). y del Hospital Regional “Honorio Delgado Espinosa” (HRHDE) y establecer las semejanzas y diferencias del estrés laboral de los médicos residentes de ambos hospitales. La población estuvo conformada por 220 médicos residentes de primero, segundo y tercer año de residencia. Se aplicó el muestreo al azar estratifica...

Fenomenología del cuerpo en el abuso sexual intrafamiliar: el caso de una adolescente con características de estrés postraumático

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Clavijo Moreno, Sergio; Montenegro Flórez, Cristian; Álvarez Tecano, Carolina

2013-01-01

El objetivo del presente estudio fue comprender el sentido del cuerpo para una adolescente con antecedentes de abuso sexual intrafamiliar y características de estrés postraumático. Su marco teórico estuvo conformado por cuatro capítulos: I. Abuso sexual intrafamiliar, II. Trastorno de estrés postraumático, III. Adolescencia y IV. Cuerpo. El estudio se estructuró metodológicamente con base en la investigación cualitativa de enfoque fenomenológico usando como técnica de recolección de informaci...

Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, afrontamiento del estrés y emociones negativas en pacientes con cáncer en tratamiento quimioterapéutico

OpenAIRE

Ana Milena Gaviria; Stefano Vinaccia; María Fernanda Riveros; Japcy Margarita Quiceno

2007-01-01

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, el afrontamiento del estrés y las emociones negativas en 28 pacientes de ambos géneros con diagnóstico de diferentes tipos de cáncer en tratamiento quimioterapéutico del Instituto de Medicancer de Medellín (Colombia). Se utilizaron los cuestionarios: EORTC QLQ-C30, que mide Calidad de Vida; el CAE, que evalúa Afrontamiento al Estrés, y la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria (H...

Unique Footprint in the scl1.3 Locus Affects Adhesion and Biofilm Formation of the Invasive M3-Type Group A Streptococcus.

Science.gov (United States)

Bachert, Beth A; Choi, Soo J; LaSala, Paul R; Harper, Tiffany I; McNitt, Dudley H; Boehm, Dylan T; Caswell, Clayton C; Ciborowski, Pawel; Keene, Douglas R; Flores, Anthony R; Musser, James M; Squeglia, Flavia; Marasco, Daniela; Berisio, Rita; Lukomski, Slawomir

2016-01-01

The streptococcal collagen-like proteins 1 and 2 (Scl1 and Scl2) are major surface adhesins that are ubiquitous among group A Streptococcus (GAS). Invasive M3-type strains, however, have evolved two unique conserved features in the scl1 locus: (i) an IS1548 element insertion in the scl1 promoter region and (ii) a nonsense mutation within the scl1 coding sequence. The scl1 transcript is drastically reduced in M3-type GAS, contrasting with a high transcription level of scl1 allele in invasive M1-type GAS. This leads to a lack of Scl1 expression in M3 strains. In contrast, while scl2 transcription and Scl2 production are elevated in M3 strains, M1 GAS lack Scl2 surface expression. M3-type strains were shown to have reduced biofilm formation on inanimate surfaces coated with cellular fibronectin and laminin, and in human skin equivalents. Repair of the nonsense mutation and restoration of Scl1 expression on M3-GAS cells, restores biofilm formation on cellular fibronectin and laminin coatings. Inactivation of scl1 in biofilm-capable M28 and M41 strains results in larger skin lesions in a mouse model, indicating that lack of Scl1 adhesin promotes bacterial spread over localized infection. These studies suggest the uniquely evolved scl1 locus in the M3-type strains, which prevents surface expression of the major Scl1 adhesin, contributed to the emergence of the invasive M3-type strains. Furthermore these studies provide insight into the molecular mechanisms mediating colonization, biofilm formation, and pathogenesis of group A streptococci.

Unique footprint in the scl1.3 locus affects adhesion and biofilm formation of the invasive M3-type group A Streptococcus

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Beth Alexandra Bachert

2016-08-01

Full Text Available The streptococcal collagen-like proteins 1 and 2 (Scl1 and Scl2 are major surface adhesins that are ubiquitous among group A Streptococcus (GAS. Invasive M3-type strains, however, have evolved two unique conserved features in the scl1 locus: (i an IS1548 element insertion in the scl1 promoter region and (ii a nonsense mutation within the scl1 coding sequence. The scl1 transcript is drastically reduced in M3-type GAS, contrasting with a high transcription level of scl1 allele in invasive M1-type GAS. This leads to a lack of Scl1 expression in M3 strains. In contrast, while scl2 transcription and Scl2 production are elevated in M3 strains, M1 GAS lack Scl2 surface expression. M3-type strains were shown to have reduced biofilm formation on inanimate surfaces coated with cellular fibronectin and laminin, and in human skin equivalents. Repair of the nonsense mutation and restoration of Scl1 expression on M3-GAS cells, restores biofilm formation on cellular fibronectin and laminin coatings. Inactivation of scl1 in biofilm-capable M28 and M41 strains results in larger skin lesions in a mouse model, indicating that lack of Scl1 adhesin promotes bacterial spread over localized infection. These studies suggest the uniquely evolved scl1 locus in the M3-type strains, which prevents surface expression of the major Scl1 adhesin, contributed to the emergence of the invasive M3-type strains. Furthermore these studies provide insight into the molecular mechanisms mediating colonization, biofilm formation, and pathogenesis of group A streptococci.

Significado del trabajo y estrés percibido en cuidados paliativos:factores asociados

OpenAIRE

Moreno Milán, Beatriz

2015-01-01

El equilibrio entre la vida personal y profesional es un reto constante. En profesionales de cuidados paliativos este equilibrio puede ser especialmente difícil debido a las demandas propias de este trabajo. Nuestra investigación ha tratado de profundizar en el conocimiento de los recursos personales que pueden estar asociados para lograrlo. Nuestro estudio investigó el grado de interrelación entre el significado del trabajo y el nivel de estrés percibido, así como otros recursos personales c...