Sample records for dvunitevykh razryvov dnk
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Algoritmi stiskanja sekvenc DNK
Dobnik, Matej
2017-01-01
V diplomskem delu smo na kratko opisali lastnosti in značilnosti zaporedij deoksiribonukleinske kisline (v nadaljevanju DNK) ter algoritmov stiskanja podatkov. Implementirali smo algoritem LZW in Huffmanov algoritem, ki sta prilagojena stiskanju zaporedij DNK, ter izboljšan algoritem DNABIT Compress, ki se ga enostavno razširja z novimi možnostmi. Vse algoritme smo med seboj primerjali glede na učinkovitost stiskanja.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
NONE
1999-07-01
This fifth one-day energy forum of the DNK held in Bonn on 26 November 1998 once again gathered many representatives of industry, science and research, and the political arena. The date of the meeting in mid-November was well-chosen, as it offered the opportunity to discuss the outcome of the 17th World Energy Congress held two months ago in Houston/USA, and to communicate on expectations in Germany linked to the future energy policy of the new coalition in power. The general theme of the forum, 'Energy and environment as issues of a dialogue of politicians, industry and science' thus fits in well with the global energy issues. The contributions to the panel discussion with the concluding summary of Dr. Ott as well as the lectures presented at the meeting are reproduced or this conference report from the manuscripts and the minutes. (orig./CB) [German] Der 5. Energietag des DNK in Bonn am 26. November 1998 hat erneut zahlreiche Repraesentanten aus Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Politik zusammengefuehrt. Der Zeitpunkt Mitte November 1998 bot die Gelegenheit, einerseits die Ergebnisse des 17. Kongresses des Weltenergierates, der gerade 2 Monate zuvor in Houston stattfand, zu erlaeutern und zum anderen, ueber die energiepolitischen Erwartungen an die neue Bundesregierung und deren Vorstellungen zur kuenftigen Energiepolitik zu diskutieren. Das Generalthema des Forums 'Energie und Umwelt im Dialog zwischen Politik, Wirtschaft und Wissenschaft' hatte damit aktuellen Bezug. Die Beitraege der Podiumsdiskussion mit den Schlussbemerkungen von Dr. Ott sind wie die Vortraege weitgehend im Originalwortlaut wiedergegeben. Sie werden im vorliegenden Heft dokumentiert. (orig./RHM)
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Basis for calculating boron dilution scenarios in PWR by 3D neutron kinetics
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Pla, P., E-mail: patricia_pla@hotmail.com [Univ. of Pisa, San Piero a Grado Nuclear Research Group (GRNSPG), Pisa (Italy); Tech. Univ. of Catalonia, Barcelona (Spain); Parisi, C., E-mail: c.parisi@ing.unipi.it [Univ. of Pisa, San Piero a Grado Nuclear Research Group (GRNSPG), Pisa (Italy); Galetti, R., E-mail: regina@cnen.gov.br [National Commission for Nuclear Energy (CNEN), Rio de Janeiro (Brazil); D' Auria, F.; Galassi, G., E-mail: f.dauria@ing.unipi.it, E-mail: g.galassi@ing.unipi.it [Univ. of Pisa, San Piero a Grado Nuclear Research Group (GRNSPG), Pisa (Italy); Reventos, F., E-mail: francesc.reventos@upc.edu [Tech. Univ. of Catalonia, Barcelona (Spain)
2011-07-01
The origin of the performed study was the analysis of 20 cm{sup 2} small break LOCA in the lower plenum in a four-loop PWR nuclear reactor by Relap5 code stand-alone (0DNK) in which boron dilution was observed in more than one loop seal. In order to have a more precise result of the boron dilution NK feedback effect, the original nodalization was refined axially in the core area to couple with PARCS v.2.7 code (3DNK). The neutron macroscopic XSec database was generated by the lattice transport code HELIOS. Before using the new model to predict boron dilution transients, a necessary activity is the qualification of the model (the boron feedback calculated by the Neutronic Cross Sections) against boron changes, so a group of sensitivity calculations injecting more or less borated water in the cold leg were performed either with Relap5 code stand-alone (0DNK) and with Relap5 coupled with PARCS v.2.7 (3DNK) code in order to analyze the reactor power response to the boron injection and the differences using a 0DNK or a coupled 3DNK nodalization. To complete the study a benchmark calculation was performed considering a 20 cm{sup 2} break in the lower plenum, in which the reactor trip by control rods has been disabled and boron injection was simulated in the cold leg. This calculation utilized the Relap5 code stand-alone (0DNK) and the Relap5 coupled with PARCS v.2.7 (3DNK) code, in order to see the differences using a 0DNK or a coupled 3DNK model. Non negligible differences have been found in all cases in the comparison of 0DNK and coupled 3DNK results analyzed, in relation to the core power. These results challenge the evaluation of the uncertainties in case of coupled thermalhydraulic-3DNK calculations. A comprehensive evaluation of the relevant uncertainties of the 3D NK TH coupled calculations is needed. (author)
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Basis for calculating boron dilution scenarios in PWR by 3D neutron kinetics
International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Pla, P.; Parisi, C.; Galetti, R.; D'Auria, F.; Galassi, G.; Reventos, F.
2011-01-01
The origin of the performed study was the analysis of 20 cm 2 small break LOCA in the lower plenum in a four-loop PWR nuclear reactor by Relap5 code stand-alone (0DNK) in which boron dilution was observed in more than one loop seal. In order to have a more precise result of the boron dilution NK feedback effect, the original nodalization was refined axially in the core area to couple with PARCS v.2.7 code (3DNK). The neutron macroscopic XSec database was generated by the lattice transport code HELIOS. Before using the new model to predict boron dilution transients, a necessary activity is the qualification of the model (the boron feedback calculated by the Neutronic Cross Sections) against boron changes, so a group of sensitivity calculations injecting more or less borated water in the cold leg were performed either with Relap5 code stand-alone (0DNK) and with Relap5 coupled with PARCS v.2.7 (3DNK) code in order to analyze the reactor power response to the boron injection and the differences using a 0DNK or a coupled 3DNK nodalization. To complete the study a benchmark calculation was performed considering a 20 cm 2 break in the lower plenum, in which the reactor trip by control rods has been disabled and boron injection was simulated in the cold leg. This calculation utilized the Relap5 code stand-alone (0DNK) and the Relap5 coupled with PARCS v.2.7 (3DNK) code, in order to see the differences using a 0DNK or a coupled 3DNK model. Non negligible differences have been found in all cases in the comparison of 0DNK and coupled 3DNK results analyzed, in relation to the core power. These results challenge the evaluation of the uncertainties in case of coupled thermalhydraulic-3DNK calculations. A comprehensive evaluation of the relevant uncertainties of the 3D NK TH coupled calculations is needed. (author)
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Wallace, Alison E.; Goulwara, Sonu S.; Whitley, Guy S.; Cartwright, Judith E.
2014-01-01
Decidual natural killer (dNK) cells have been shown to both promote and inhibit trophoblast behavior important for decidual remodeling in pregnancy and have a distinct phenotype compared to peripheral blood NK cells. We investigated whether different levels of oxygen tension, mimicking the physiological conditions of the decidua in early pregnancy, altered cell surface receptor expression and activity of dNK cells and their interactions with trophoblast. dNK cells were isolated from terminated first-trimester pregnancies and cultured in oxygen tensions of 3%, 10%, and 21% for 24 h. Cell surface receptor expression was examined by flow cytometry, and the effects of secreted factors in conditioned medium (CM) on the trophoblast cell line SGHPL-4 were assessed in vitro. SGHPL-4 cells treated with dNK cell CM incubated in oxygen tensions of 10% were significantly more invasive (P cells treated with dNK cell CM incubated in oxygen tensions of 3% or 21%. After 24 h, a lower percentage of dNK cells expressed CD56 at 21% oxygen (P cells expressed NKG2D at 10% oxygen (P oxygen tensions, with large patient variation. This study demonstrates dNK cell phenotype and secreted factors are modulated by oxygen tension, which induces changes in trophoblast invasion and endovascular-like differentiation. Alterations in dNK cell surface receptor expression and secreted factors at different oxygen tensions may represent regulation of function within the decidua during the first trimester of pregnancy. PMID:25232021
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Mikkelsen, Niels Egil; Munch-Petersen, Birgitte; Eklund, Hans
2008-01-01
-drug that eventually may kill the cell. To be able to optimize the function of dNK, it is vital to have structural information of dNK complexes. Here we present crystal structures of dNK complexed with four different nucleoside analogs floxuridine (5FdU), brivudine (BVDU), zidovudine (AZT) and zalcitabine (ddC...
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The up side of decidual natural killer cells: new developments in immunology of pregnancy.
Jabrane-Ferrat, Nabila; Siewiera, Johan
2014-04-01
Early phases of human pregnancy are associated with the accumulation of a unique subset of natural killer (NK) cells in the maternal decidua. Decidual NK (dNK) cells that are devoid of cytotoxicity play a pivotal role in successful pregnancy. By secreting large amounts of cytokines/chemokines and angiogenic factors, dNK cells participate in all steps of placentation including trophoblast invasion into the maternal endometrium and vascular remodelling. In this review, we summarize some of dNK cell features and discuss more recent exciting data that challenge the conventional view of these cells. Our new data demonstrate that dNK cells undergo fine tuning or even subvert their classical inhibitory machinery and turn into a real defence force in order to prevent the spread of viruses to fetal tissue. Today it is not clear how these phenotypic and functional adaptations impact cellular cross-talk at the fetal-maternal interface and tissue homeostasis. Ultimately, precise understanding of the molecular mechanisms that govern dNK cell plasticity during congenital human cytomegalovirus infection should lead to the design of more robust strategies to reverse immune escape during viral infection and cancer. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Drosophila deoxyribonucleoside kinase mutants with enhanced ability to phosphorylate purine analogs
DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Knecht, Wolfgang; Rozpedowska, E.; Le Breton, C.
2007-01-01
Transduced deoxyribonucleoside kinases (dNK) can be used to kill recipient cells in combination with nucleoside prodrugs. The Drosophila melanogaster multisubstrate dNK (Dm-dNK) displays a superior turnover rate and has a great plasticity regarding its substrates. We used directed evolution...
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Dong, Peng; Wen, Xi; Liu, Jia; Yan, Cui-Yan; Yuan, Jing; Luo, Lan-Rong; Hu, Qiao-Fei; Li, Jian
2017-06-30
Th1/Th2 imbalance is considered as a mechanism for recurrent miscarriage. The NK1/NK2 paradigm is hypothesised to play an important role in pregnancy. However, few results showed simultaneous changes of these subsets in vivo in decidual tissues. The present study aimed to detect the decidual mononuclear cells (dMo), and the Th1/Th2, and NK1/NK2 paradigm simultaneously using multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC) in unexplained recurrent miscarriages (URM). Mononuclear cells were isolated from the decidual tissues of URM cases and early pregnant women. The mononuclear cell percent was demonstrated by detecting the expression of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD56, and CD16 extracellular markers, interferon (IFN)-γ, and interleukin (IL)-4 intracellular markers in live cells using 8-color flow cytometry with forward scatter (FSC)/side scatter (SSC) and FSC/viability (Vt) initial gating strategies, and the ratios of Th1/Th2 and decidual NK1 (dNK1)/decidual NK2 (dNK2) cells were compared between the subject groups. Two initial gating strategies of the FSC/SSC or FSC/Vt, with central or extended gating scales, were adapted, and there was no main effect or interaction for the cell proportions, except for the type 1 and type 2 subsets in the FSC/Vt extended gating strategy. There was no significant difference of the proportions of the decidual T, dNK, NKT-like, Th, and Tc cells between the two groups. However, the Th1/Th2 and dNK1/dNK2 ratios in the URM patients were higher compared with the normal group when using the FSC/Vt extended gating strategy. The present study provides means to detect Th1/Th2 and dNK1/dNK2 simultaneously in URM patients for large sample investigations in the future. © 2017 The Author(s).
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Marion eDuriez
2014-07-01
Full Text Available Maternofetal pathogen transmission is partially controlled at the level of the maternal uterine mucosa at the fetal implantation site (the decidua basalis, where maternal and fetal cells are in close contact. Toll-like receptors (TLRs may play an important role in initiating rapid immune responses against pathogens in the decidua basalis, however the tolerant microenvironment should be preserved in order to allow fetal development. Here we investigated the expression and functionality of TLRs expressed by decidual macrophages (dMs and NK cells (dNKs, the major decidual immune cell populations.We report for the first time that both human dMs and dNK cells express mRNAs encoding TLRs 1-9, albeit with a higher expression level in dMs. TLR2, TLR3 and TLR4 protein expression checked by flow cytometry was positive for both dMs and dNK cells. In vitro treatment of primary dMs and dNK cells with specific TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR7/8 and TLR9 agonists enhanced their secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, as well as cytokines and chemokines involved in immune cell crosstalk. Only dNK cells released IFN-γ, whereas only dMs released IL-1β, IL-10 and IL-12. TLR9 activation of dMs resulted in a distinct pattern of cytokine expression compared to the other TLRs. The cytokine profiles expressed by dMs and dNK cells upon TLR activation are compatible with maintenance of the fetotolerant immune environment during initiation of immune responses to pathogens at the maternofetal interface.
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Cytotoxic potential of decidual NK cells and CD8+ T cells awakened by infections.
Crespo, Ângela C; van der Zwan, Anita; Ramalho-Santos, João; Strominger, Jack L; Tilburgs, Tamara
2017-02-01
To establish a healthy pregnancy the maternal immune system must tolerate fetal allo-antigens, yet remain competent to respond to infections. The ability of decidual NK cells (dNK) to promote migration of fetal extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) and placental growth as well as the capacity of EVT to promote immune tolerance are topics of high interest and extensive research. However, the problem of how dNK and decidual CD8+ T cells (CD8+ dT) provide immunity to infections of the placenta and the mechanisms that regulate their cytolytic function has thus far largely been ignored. Fetal EVT are the most invasive cells of the placenta and directly interact with maternal decidual immune cells at this maternal-fetal interface. Besides the expression of non-polymorphic HLA-E and HLA-G molecules that are associated with immune tolerance, EVT also express highly polymorphic HLA-C molecules that can serve as targets for maternal dNK and CD8+ dT responses. HLA-C expression by EVT has a dual role as the main molecule to which immune tolerance needs to be established and as the only molecule that can present pathogen-derived peptides and provide protective immunity when EVT are infected. The focus of this review is to address the regulation of cytotoxicity of dNK and CD8+ dT, which is essential for maternal-fetal immune tolerance as well as recent evidence that both cell types can provide immunity to infections at the maternal-fetal interface. A particular emphasis is given to the role of HLA-C expressed by EVT and its capacity to elicit dNK and CD8+ dT responses. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Induced Human Decidual NK-Like Cells Improve Utero-Placental Perfusion in Mice.
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Ricardo C Cavalli
Full Text Available Decidual NK (dNK cells, a distinct type of NK cell, are thought to regulate uterine spiral artery remodeling, a process that allows for increased blood delivery to the fetal-placental unit. Impairment of uterine spiral artery remodeling is associated with decreased placental perfusion, increased uterine artery resistance, and obstetric complications such as preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Ex vivo manipulation of human peripheral blood NK (pNK cells by a combination of hypoxia, TGFß-1 and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine yields cells with phenotypic and in vitro functional similarities to dNK cells, called idNK cells. Here, gene expression profiling shows that CD56Bright idNK cells derived ex vivo from human pNK cells, and to a lesser extent CD56Dim idNK cells, are enriched in the gene expression signature that distinguishes dNK cells from pNK cells. When injected into immunocompromised pregnant mice with elevated uterine artery resistance, idNK cells homed to the uterus and reduced the uterine artery resistance index, suggesting improved placental perfusion.
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A molecular genetic approach to roebuck individual identification in the case of poaching in Serbia
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Dimitrijević Vladimir
2013-01-01
Full Text Available Application of the molecular genetic methods in forensic cases dealing with wild animals has significantly increased recently. These techniques are practically used in order to help solving four key problems : determination of kind of the wild animal, geographic origin, kinship ties and individual identification. In this work the first case of introducing the examination of polimorphism of microsatelite genetic markers within forensic analysis in the cases of poaching in Serbia is presented. The objectives of this forensic analysis was to determine if the meat confiscated during house search of the suspect comes from roebuck origin (Capreolus capreolus, which remains had been found by a game warden in the field during closed season, where the suspect denied the offense, claiming that the meat comes from other roebuck that had been shot during the previous hunting season. DNK was isolated from the skin and fur samples taken from the roebuck corpse found in the woods, as well as from the frozen meat found in the suspect’s house. Both amplification and polimorphism examination of the eight microsatelite markers (ROE01, NVHRT21, NVHRT24, NVHRT48, NVHRT73, RT7 AND RT27 were carried out. In all the examined samples, the same pattern of variability of the tested microsatelites was determined, that is it was proved that DNK profiles of the samples taken from roebuck corpse were identical to DNK profile of the meat sample found in the suspect’s house. This result clearly indicates that all the examined biological samples originate from the same animal, and consequently represents forensically valid evidence in the case of roebuck poaching. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III46002
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Yong Ping
2011-01-01
Full Text Available Rhythmic behaviors, such as walking and breathing, involve the coordinated activity of central pattern generators in the CNS, sensory feedback from the PNS, to motoneuron output to muscles. Unraveling the intrinsic electrical properties of these cellular components is essential to understanding this coordinated activity. Here, we examine the significance of the transient A-type K(+ current (I(A, encoded by the highly conserved Shal/K(v4 gene, in neuronal firing patterns and repetitive behaviors. While I(A is present in nearly all neurons across species, elimination of I(A has been complicated in mammals because of multiple genes underlying I(A, and/or electrical remodeling that occurs in response to affecting one gene.In Drosophila, the single Shal/K(v4 gene encodes the predominant I(A current in many neuronal cell bodies. Using a transgenically expressed dominant-negative subunit (DNK(v4, we show that I(A is completely eliminated from cell bodies, with no effect on other currents. Most notably, DNK(v4 neurons display multiple defects during prolonged stimuli. DNK(v4 neurons display shortened latency to firing, a lower threshold for repetitive firing, and a progressive decrement in AP amplitude to an adapted state. We record from identified motoneurons and show that Shal/K(v4 channels are similarly required for maintaining excitability during repetitive firing. We then examine larval crawling, and adult climbing and grooming, all behaviors that rely on repetitive firing. We show that all are defective in the absence of Shal/K(v4 function. Further, knock-out of Shal/K(v4 function specifically in motoneurons significantly affects the locomotion behaviors tested.Based on our results, Shal/K(v4 channels regulate the initiation of firing, enable neurons to continuously fire throughout a prolonged stimulus, and also influence firing frequency. This study shows that Shal/K(v4 channels play a key role in repetitively firing neurons during prolonged
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bond, V. P.; Feinendegen, L. E.; Cronkite, E. P. [Medical Research Centre, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, NY (United States)
1962-02-15
actividad del indicador concuerda con las pendientes obtenidas. Dicha velocidad se calculo en funcion de la cinetica de poblaciones celulares de la medula osea de la rata, estudiadas separadamente mediante timidina-{sup 3}H y autorradiografias, suponiendo que la renovacion del ARN y del ADN son nulas y que las perdidas de indicador solo se producen por division y maduracion de las celulas. Los resultados indican que las celulas de la medula osea retienen el ARN soluble y macromolecular, una vez sintetizado, de manera analoga al ADN. El ARN y el ADN recientemente formados solo se diluyen en las celulas por division de las mismas. (author) [Russian] Issledovalsja metabolizm DNK i RNK s ispol'zovaniem tritirovannogo timidina (H{sup 3}Th), special'noj pervichnoj chasticy dlja DNK i tritirovannogo citidina (N{sup 3}Su) obychnoj pervichnoj chasticy kak dlja RNK, tak i dlja DNK. S pomoshh'ju N{sup 3}Su radioavtograficheskim putem v edinoj kletke opredeljalos' differencirovannoe vvedenie v RNK i DNK ili rastvorimoe soedinenie i/ili himicheskim putem differencirovannoj jekstraciej s ispol'zovaniem sootvetstvujushhej obrabotki hlornoj kislotoj - dlja kletochnyh populjacij. Pervichnye issledovanija krugovorota v kletke Hela s pomoshh'ju N{sup 3}Su pokazali rol' pervichnoj chasticy jadernoj RNK dlja citoplazmennoj RNK. Konservacija i raspredelenie indikatora vo frakcii RNK soglaso- valis' s osnovnoj mikromolekuljarnoj stabil'nost'ju RNK, a nepreryvnoe vvedenie indikatora vo- frakciju DNK soglasovalos' s nalichiem poslednej pervichnoj chasticy dlja DNK. Podobnye zhe rezul'taty nabljudalis' v nezrelyh kletkah kostnogo mozga krysy, kotorye iseledovalis' bolee 7 dnej posle vnut- rivennogo vvedenija N{sup 3}Su. Razmer aktivnosti tritija v rastvorimoj kislote, frakcijah RNK i DNK opredeljalsja himicheskim putem i/ili radioavtograficheski. Najdeno, chto tri krivye parallel'nym mezhdusoboj s pervogo dnja posle in{sup e}- kcii i parallel'ny krivym dlja tritievogo indikatora v DNK
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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)
Wein, Bastian; Coslovsky, Michael; Jabbari, Reza
2017-01-01
BACKGROUND: Clinical and cost-effectiveness of prasugrel vs. clopidogrel in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) was only evaluated using TRITON-TIMI 38 event rates. A comparative analysis of both drugs in contemporary European ACS patients is lacking. METHODS: To address this issue, cardiac and bleedin......=0.255), but more major bleedings (4.0% vs. 1.7%, pexpenditures per patient: 1116.3 (DNK), 1063.5 (GER) and 880.8 (SUI) EURO, respectively. Accordingly, incremental cost...
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2011-01-01
Mitchell (DNK), Royal Danish Defence College Sandeep Mulgund (USA), The MITRE Corporation Mark Nissen (USA), Naval Postgraduate School Mink Spaans (NLD...Research Management 25(1): 28-33. Cash, J.I., Jr., F.W. McFarlan, J.L. McKenney, and M.R. Vitale. 1988. Corporate Information Systems Management 2nd...Between Structure and Technology. In Handbook of Organizational Design vol. 2: 3-38, eds. P. C. Nystrom and W. H. Starbuck . New York, NY: Oxford
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The NATO Warsaw Summit: How to Strengthen Alliance Cohesion (Strategic Forum, Number 296)
2016-06-01
notion of European disintegration—if it were to take hold—cannot have but the most profound im- plications for Alliance management. The rise of political...BEL SVN CAN DEU HRV NOR FRA ESP HUN GBR USA TUR DNK NLD CZE ROU PRT EST GRC LVA SVK LUX POL LTU Figure. NATO Defense Expenditure Data Source: Defence ...Danish Institute for International Studies, August 2015); Rainer L. Glatz and Martin Zapfe, NATO Defence Planning between Wales and Warsaw: Politico
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Bianchi, P. A.; Crathorn, A. R.; Shooter, K. V. [Chester Beatty Research Institute, Institute of Cancer Research, London (United Kingdom)
1962-02-15
autorradiografias, siempre parece mas alta que la del acido desoxirribonucleico aislado. Midiendo a continuacion, con ayuda de un contador de flujo, la actividad de celulas enteras, lavadas y homogeneizadas, se han obtenido valores numericos que concuerdan con los resultados de la determinacion autorradiografica. Parece pues que, en este caso particular, la utilizacion de autorradiografias para medir la sintesis del acido desoxirribonucleico es susceptible de critica. En otros tipos de celulas se ha analizado la actividad fijada, no procedente del acido desoxirribonucleico, y se han efectuado estudios analogos sobre la actividad del {sup 3}H en toda la celula y la actividad del acido desoxirribonucleico aislado, obteniendose resultados semejantes. Basandose en estos datos, es posible dividir el proceso sintetico en varias fases: 1) Incorporacion inicial de timidina en la celula; 2) Fosforilacion consecutiva, en dos etapas por lo menos; 3) Polimerizacion de la timidina fosforilada, con formacion de acido desoxirribonucleico. Por consiguiente, si bien la hipotesis de que la incorporacion de timidina en la celula constituye un indice de la sintesis del oxido desoxirribonucleico es demasiado simplista, el empleo de dicho indicador permite obtener aparentemente datos de considerable interes acerca de las fases iniciales del proceso. (author) [Russian] V hode izuchenija biosinteza DNK byli postavleny nekoto- rye opyty s ispol'zovaniem ascitovyh kletok Jerliha po izucheniju usvoenija i pogloshhenija mechennogo tritiem timidina. Posle vyderzhivanija v termostate v laboratornyh uslovijah kletok s takim soedineniem byli sdelany radioavtogrammy kletok, i DNK byla takzhe otdelena i proverena na aktivnost' tritija pri pomoshhi protochnogo schetchika. Sravnenie dvuh metodov analiza pokazalo zametnoe rashozhdenie. Aktivnost' tritija na kletku, rasschitannaja po radioavtogrammam, vsegda okazyvalas' bol'she, chem aktivnost' otdelennoj DNK. Posledujushhij analiz pri pomoshhi protochnogo schetchika
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Promjene na koži lica inducirane UV-zračenjem
Bojčić, Zrinka
2016-01-01
Promjene inducirane UV zračenjem obuhvaćaju različite kliničke entitete. Zbog svoje biološke aktivnosti i sposobnosti da induciraju oštećenje DNK, UV-B zrake najvažniji su etiološki čimbenik u nastanku opeklina i karcinoma kože. Iako je UV-A zračenje glavna komponenta ultraljubičastog zračenja, manje je biološki aktivna od UV-B. UV-A zračenje ima posebno važnu ulogu u fotostarenju kože. Klinička slika akutnih promjena induciranih UV zračenjem ovisi o količini energije apsorbirane u jednoj ...
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Andriyanto Andriyanto
2012-12-01
Full Text Available PT. PAH merupakan sebuah industri pemotongan batu magma (magma stone yang terletak di jalan Magelang Km. 15 Yogyakarta. Di perusahaan pemotongan batu ini terdapat 3 ukuran pemotongan yaitu sirkel besar (diameter 160 cm, sirkel sedang (diameter 60 - 90 cm dan sirkel kecil (diameter 30 - 50 cm. Penelitian ini khususnya pada pemotongan batu besar, dimana terdapat keluhan kelelahan operator yang terdiri dari operator utama dan operator pembantu. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat beban kerja fisik operator pemotong batu besar (sirkel 160 dengan metode 10 denyut. Dalam penelitian ini ditentukan lama waktu istirahat yang dibutuhkan operator utama maupun pembantu. Selanjutnya dilakukan implementasi waktu istirahat tersebut dan dilakukan pengukuran kembali untuk mengetahui penurunan denyut nadi kerja operator. Penerapan waktu istirahat tersebut membawa penurunan DNK operator masuk kategori ringan dan % CVL masuk kategori tidak terjadi kelelahan.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Smith, C. L. [Department of Radiotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge (United Kingdom)
1962-02-15
hipotesis de que el blanco representa la estructura tipo del ADN (o quiza del ADNP dado el elevado peso molecular en uno de los casos). Si los efectos descritos constituyen indices de los danos ocasionados a la estructura tipo del ADN (o del ADNP) durante la fase exponencial de la sintesis, los resultados 1), 2) y 3) serian los' corolarios logicos de este hecho. (author) [Russian] Daetsja opisanie vlijanija kak al'fa-chastic, tak i rentgenovskogo obluchenija na skorost' sinteza DNK v fibr.oblaste myshej v kletkah Hela v kul'tirovannoj tkani. Byla ispol'zovana tritirovannaja timidinom mikroavtografija s celbju opredelenija skorosti sinteza v odnom spoe kul'tivirovannoj tkani. Rezul'taty jeksperimentov pokazali, chto: 1. Na zhrakciju kletok v kulbtivirovannoj, sintezirujushhej DNK, ne vlijajut al'fa-chasticy i rentgenovskie luchi v teh dozah, kotorye ispol'zovanlis' pri jeksperimente. 2. Vlijanie kazhdogo tipa obluchenija zakljuchaetsja v umen'shenii skorosti sinteza DNK obluchennyh v processe sinteza kletok. 3. Vlijanie dannoj dozy ljubogo vida radiacii zakljuchaetsja v sokrashhenii sko- rosti sinteza vseh kletok do postojannoj frakcii, kotoraja imela mesto v neobluchennyh kletkah. 4. Skorost' sinteza DNK sokrashhaetsja do 37 % (1/e) s pomoshh'ju dozy sa. 25 al'fa//gg ili dozy rentgenovskih luchej moshhnost'ju v 14,000 rad dlja rosta fibroblasta u myshi. V kul'turah Hela dlja sokrashhenija skorosti sinteza DNK do 37 % pervonachal'nogo znachenija neobhodima doza sa. 90,000 rad. 5. Umen'shenie sinteza imeet mesto ne bolee chem polchasa posle obluchenija i mozhet projavit'sja nemedlenno. Iz punkta 4 vyshe mozhno pribliziteln'o podschitat' konfiguraciju misheni, i esli predpolozhit' ee cilindricheskoj, to ona dolzhna imet' razmery sa. 16 A v odnom napravpenii i 16 000 A-v drugom, t. e. dlinnuju tonkuju nit' s mole- kuljarnym vesom porjadka 5 * 10{sup 7} pri jeksperimentah s fibroblastom myshi. Pri provedenii jeksperimenta s kletkoj Hela ob{sup e}m soderzhimogo misheni pozvoljaet
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Entstehung des Denkmalschutz- und -pflegegesetzes in Rheinland-Pfalz
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Karin Bohr
2012-05-01
Full Text Available Karin Bohr focuses on the practical dealing with the history of our region. The work „Entstehung des Denkmalschutz- und pflegegesetzes in Rheinland-Pfalz“ features an account of the history of the protection of historical monuments dating back to the end of the 19th century. Furthermore, it highlights the superior goals and legal aspects of the topic.The preservation of structural remains as important historical sources has been the responsibility of the DNK (Deutschen Nationalkomitee für Denkmalschutz since 1973. In detail it is a federal issue.Especially in the Rhineland region, numerous bills have been passed concerning the correct treatment of historical monuments as well as structural remains. In the course of time, the resident population increasingly supported the enforcement of these laws themselves. The bill concerning the protection of monuments of 1978 can be seen as a milestone in the history of monument protection in Rhineland-Palatinate. It regulated the protection of cultural values in detail and gave the protection of historical monuments an important role in daily life and politics, which it maintains until the present day.
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Slot Christiansen, Louise; Egeblad, Louise; Munch-Petersen, Birgitte; Piškur, Jure; Knecht, Wolfgang
2015-01-01
Nucleoside analogues (NA) are prodrugs that are phosphorylated by deoxyribonucleoside kinases (dNKs) as the first step towards a compound toxic to the cell. During the last 20 years, research around dNKs has gone into new organisms other than mammals and viruses. Newly discovered dNKs have been tested as enzymes for suicide gene therapy. The tomato thymidine kinase 1 (ToTK1) is a dNK that has been selected for its in vitro kinetic properties and then successfully been tested in vivo for the treatment of malignant glioma. We present the selection of two improved variants of ToTK1 generated by random protein engineering for suicide gene therapy with the NA azidothymidine (AZT). We describe their selection, recombinant production and a subsequent kinetic and biochemical characterization. Their improved performance in killing of E. coli KY895 is accompanied by an increase in specificity for the NA AZT over the natural substrate thymidine as well as a decrease in inhibition by dTTP, the end product of the nucleoside salvage pathway for thymidine. The understanding of the enzymatic properties improving the variants efficacy is instrumental to further develop dNKs for use in suicide gene therapy
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Slot Christiansen, Louise [Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund 22362 (Sweden); Lund Protein Production Platform, Lund University, Lund 22362 (Sweden); Egeblad, Louise [Lund Protein Production Platform, Lund University, Lund 22362 (Sweden); Munch-Petersen, Birgitte [Department of Science, Systems and Models, Roskilde University, Roskilde 4000 (Denmark); Piškur, Jure [Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund 22362 (Sweden); Knecht, Wolfgang, E-mail: Louise.Slot_Christiansen@biol.lu.se [Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund 22362 (Sweden); Lund Protein Production Platform, Lund University, Lund 22362 (Sweden)
2015-06-08
Nucleoside analogues (NA) are prodrugs that are phosphorylated by deoxyribonucleoside kinases (dNKs) as the first step towards a compound toxic to the cell. During the last 20 years, research around dNKs has gone into new organisms other than mammals and viruses. Newly discovered dNKs have been tested as enzymes for suicide gene therapy. The tomato thymidine kinase 1 (ToTK1) is a dNK that has been selected for its in vitro kinetic properties and then successfully been tested in vivo for the treatment of malignant glioma. We present the selection of two improved variants of ToTK1 generated by random protein engineering for suicide gene therapy with the NA azidothymidine (AZT). We describe their selection, recombinant production and a subsequent kinetic and biochemical characterization. Their improved performance in killing of E. coli KY895 is accompanied by an increase in specificity for the NA AZT over the natural substrate thymidine as well as a decrease in inhibition by dTTP, the end product of the nucleoside salvage pathway for thymidine. The understanding of the enzymatic properties improving the variants efficacy is instrumental to further develop dNKs for use in suicide gene therapy.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Cronkite, E. P.; Fliedner, T. M.; Killmann, S. A.; Rubini, J. R. [Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, NY (United States)
1962-02-15
organicos de proliferacion normal en un estado de regimen estacionario es superior a la velocidad de crecimiento en muchos tumores expansivos. (author) [Russian] Tritij, blagodarja ispuskaniju beta-chastic nizkoj jenergii, obespechivaet vysokuju razreshajushhuju sposobnost' (ARG) pri radioavtografii. Mechennyj tritiem timidin H{sup 3}TDR himicheski ustojchiv i mo- zhet sluzhit' dlja markirovki dezoksiribonukleinovoj kisloty (DNK), ne vstupaja v obmen. DNK razbavljaetsja tol'ko dobavleniem novogo kolichestva DNK vo vremja hromosomnogo povtorenija. Takim obrazom intensivnost' markirovki umen'shaetsja po mere posledovatel'nogo delenija kletok. Povedenie mechenyh populjacij, po-vidimomu, sootvetstvuet obrazcu hromosomnogo povtorenija po Tejloru-Vudsu-Juzu (TVJu). Pri vkljuchenii radioaktivnyh zlementov v DNK mozhno intuitivno ozhidat' pojavlenie radiacionnoj toksichnosti. Toksichnost' issledovalas' v svjazi so svojstvami tritija i vlijaniem hromosom- nogo povtorenija (po obrazcu TVJu), a takzhe izuchalas' jempiricheski na grudnyh zhelezah i limfocitah. Posle vvedenija dozy, neobhodimoj dlja obychnyh radio- avtograficheskih issledovanij, v processe razmnozhenija kletok ne nabljudalos' ni radiacionnogo porazhenija, ni kakih-libo drugih narushenij. Do nastojashhego vremeni na cheloveke i zhivotnyh byli izucheny javlenija normal'nogo krovotvore- nija, ostroj i hronicheskoj lejkomii, mnogostoronnej mielomy i nekotoryh tverdyh opuholej. Byli sobrany mnogochislennye dannye otnositel'no doli mechenyh kletok i skorosti umen'shenija intensivnosti ih markirovki. Jeti dan- nye privodjatsja v doklade. Tolkovanie jetih dannyh zatrudnjaetsja ogranichennoj vozmozhnost'ju citologicheskogo opoznovanija, ustanovlenija morfologicheskih granic mezhdu posledovatel'nymi stadijami razmnozhenija kletok, nachinaja ot ishodnoj kletki i vplot' do nepoddajushhegosja dal'nejshemu deleniju potomstva, a takzhe nashim neumeniem vyjasnit' vopros o tom, sohranjaet li kletka, ne naho- djashhajasja v mitoze ili v
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Guo, Hui; Xu, Bingchuan; Yang, Xige; Wang, Ye; Liu, Xiaobo; Cui, Chengri; Jiang, Yanfang
2014-01-01
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. However, little is known about the role of different subsets of natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cells at the early stage of the HT process. A total of 45 euthyroid patients with new onset HT and 40 age/gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were examined for the frequency of different subsets of NK and NKT cells and their function by flow cytometry. In comparison with that in HC, significantly higher percentages of peripheral blood CD3-CD56+ NK, NKG2D+, NKp30+ NK and NKT cells, but significantly lower percentages of NKG2A+, KIR2DL3+ inhibitory NK and NKT cells were detected in the HT patients. Furthermore, the percentages of NKG2D+ NK cells were correlated positively with the concentrations of serum anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) in the HT patients. Moreover, the percentages of inducible IFN-γ and CD107a+ NK cells in the HT patients were significantly higher than those in HC. Our data suggest that activated NK cells may participate in the early pathogenic process of HT.
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
V. A. Molochkov
2014-01-01
Full Text Available Aim: To study an association between seborrheic keratosis and human papilloma virus (HPV using quantitative analysis of viral desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA; to assess prevalence of different phenotypes of beta-HPV. Materials and methods: We examined 60 renal transplant recipients (20 of them had multiple seborrheic keratosis and 22 immunocompetent patients with seborrheic keratosis. Control group included 49 healthy subjects. Burr biopsy samples (micro-samples were collected in sterile conditions. After sample procession and DNA isolation using DNK-sorb-C kit (Central Research Institute for Epidemiology – CRIE, polymerase chain reaction for HPV was performed with real-time fluorescent hybridization detection. For DNA amplification and detection we used RotorGene 3000 analyzer (Corbett Research, Australia. In the beta-HPV assay, recombinant plasmids were used as positive controls and control human beta-globin gene fragments (CRIE. 4 oligo-nucleotide systems (group-specific primers and probes were used for the detection of beta-HPV DNA. Results: Keratotic lesions of open and covered skin regions were common in renal transplant recipients. Beta-HPV DNA was more frequent in seborrheis keratomas and intact skin (81% and 55% of renal transplant recipients compared to healthy donors (47%. Conclusion: HPV DNA was frequently detected in keratotic lesions and intact skin of renal transplant recipients. In immunocompetent patients prevalence of HPV DNA in keratotic lesions was significantly higher compared to intact skin.
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Holistic approach to education and upbringing: Contradictory to the general assumption of life
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Mihajlović Ljubiša M.
2014-01-01
Full Text Available Holistic education is a compprehensive view of education based on the assumption that each individual finds his own identity, meaning and objective in life through the connection with the community, nature and human values such as compassion and peace. Within holistic education the teacher is viewed not as an authority figure who guides and controls, but rather as a 'friend', a facilitator of learning: a guide and a companion in gaining experience. The norm is cooperation rather than competition. However, is this possible in real life? The answer is simple - it is not. Why? The reason why lies in the foundation of life itself: a molecule built in such a way that it does not permit such an idealistic approach to life, and therefore, to education. It is a DNK molecule: the molecule of life exhibiting, among other, the following characteristics: it seeks procreation, and exhibits the tendency of eternal struggle, competition. This is in stark opposition to holistic approach to education which does not recognize competition, struggle, gradation and rivalry. The development of an advanced and socially responsible society demands partial, measured application of holism. This needs to be reflected in education as well: approved competition, clear and fair gradation, the best in certain areas become the elite, with the rest following or to be found solutions in accordance with their abilities.
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Ryakhovskiy, A N; Kostyukova, V V
2016-01-01
The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of digital impressions taken by different intraoral and laboratory scanners. For this purpose a synthetic jaw model with prepared tooth was scanned using intraoral scanning systems: 3D Progress (MHT S.P.A., IT - MHT Optic Research AG, CH); True Definition (3M ESPE, USA); Trios (3Shape A/S, DNK); CEREC AC Bluecam, CEREC Omnicam (Sirona Dental System GmbH, DE); Planscan (Planmeca, FIN); and laboratory scanning systems: s600 ARTI (Zirkonzahn GmbH, IT); Imetric Iscan D104, CH); D900 (3Shape A/S, DNK); Zfx Evolution (Zfx GmbH, DE) (each n=10). Reference-scanning was done by ATOS Core (GOM mbH, DE). The resulting digital impressions were superimposed with the master-scan. The measured deviations by points (trueness) for intraoral scanners were: True Definition - 15.0±2.85 μm (single tooth) and 45.0±19.11 µm (full arch); Trios - 17.1±1.44 and 58.8±27.36 µm; CEREC AC Bluecam - 22.3±5.58 and 20.3±4.13 µm; CEREC Omnicam - 25.0±1.06 and 78.5±27.03 µm; 3D Progress - 26.4±5.75 and 213.5±47.44 µm; Planscan - 54.6±11.58 and 205.2±21.73 µm. For laboratory scanners: Imetric Iscan D104 - 10.2±0.87 μm (stamp) and 65.3±5.36 µm (full arch); Zfx Evolution - 12.8±0.83 and 66.4±2.80 µm; Zirkonzahn s600 ARTI - 15.1±1.36 and 65.9±1.33 µm; 3Shape D900 - 19.9±0.53 and 63.6±0.83 µm. Precision was: True Definition - 19.9±2.77 μm (single tooth) and 40.1±11.04 µm (full arch); Trios - 25.8±2.49 and 69.9±18.95 µm; CEREC AC Bluecam - 36.4±2.78 and 46.6±3.44 µm; CEREC Omnicam - 37.6±3.29 and 76.2±13.36 µm; 3D Progress - 76.9±11.04 and 102.2±8.06 µm; Planscan - 74.3±6.58 and 93.9±15.32 µm. For laboratory scanners: Imetric Iscan D104 - 11.7±4.39 μm (stamp) and 31.2±5.58 µm (full arch); Zfx Evolution - 8.4±0.49 and 24.8±3.98 µm; Zirkonzahn s600 ARTI - 13.4±6.74 and 20.7±4.34 µm; 3Shape D900 - 10.4±0.93 and 17.8±0.62 µm. Whole deviation of the dental arch was: 3D Progress - 98.0±5.70 µm
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BENIGN EPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA ASSOCIATED WITH BETA-HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS
Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
V. A. Molochkov
2014-01-01
Full Text Available Aim: To study an association between acrochordon and human papilloma virus (HPV using quantitative analysis of viral desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA; to detect different phenotypes of beta-HPV. Materials and methods: We examined 52 patients (22 immuno-suppressed patients and 30 immunocompetent subjects in the Dermatovenereology and Dermato-Oncology Department and Chronic Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation Department of the Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI. Control group included 49 healthy donors. Burr biopsy samples (micro-samples of acrochordon and intact skin (apper arm were collected in sterile conditions. After sample procession and DNA isolation using DNK-sorb-C kit (Central Research Institute for Epidemiology – CRIE, polymerase chain reaction for HPV was performed with real-time fluorescent hybridization detection. For DNA amplification and detection we used RotorGene 3000 analyzer (Corbett Research, Australia. In the beta-HPV assay, recombinant plasmids were used as positive controls and control human beta-globin gene fragments (CRIE. 4 oligo-nucleotide systems (group-specific primers and probes were used for the detection of beta-HPV DNA. Results: Preliminary data indicated that acrochordons of open and covered skin regions were common in renal transplant recipients. Beta-HPV DNA was more frequent in acrochordons and intact skin (64% and 54% of renal transplant recipients compared to healthy donors (47%. 57% of renal transplant recipients demonstrated mixed infection in acrochordons. Conclusion: HPV DNA was frequently detected in acrochordons and intact skin of renal transplant recipients. In immunocompetent patients prevalence of HPV DNA in acrochordons was significantly higher compared to intact skin.
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Lin, Angela Yu-Chen; Lee, Wan-Ning; Wang, Xiao-Huan
2014-04-15
Ketamine has been increasingly used both recreationally and medicinally around the world. Although the metabolic pathways to form its metabolite norketamine have been carefully investigated in humans and animals, knowledge of their environmental occurrence and fate is limited. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of ketamine and norketamine in 20 natural bodies of water, effluents from 13 hospitals, two wastewater treatment plants and one water supply plant. Ketamine was found at concentrations as high as 10 μg/L. Ketamine and norketamine were consistently found in similar concentrations (ketamine/norketamine ratio: 0.3-4.6) in the collected water samples, and this ratio similar to that found in urine samples. Dark incubation experiments have shown that ketamine is not susceptible to microbial degradation or hydrolysis. Phototransformation was demonstrated to significantly reduce the concentration of ketamine and norketamine in river waters (t(1/2) = 12.6 ± 0.4 and 10.1 ± 0.4 h, respectively) and resulted in byproducts that are similar to human metabolites. Both direct and indirect photolysis led to the N-demethylation of ketamine to form norketamine and other byproducts, including hydroxy-norketamine (HNK), dehydronorketamine (DNK), hydroxy-ketamine (HK) and isomer forms of ketamine and norketamine. Irradiated solutions exhibited higher toxicity (via the Microtox test). Although a final risk assessment could not be made due to a lack of studies on the chronic effects on aquatic organisms, the high and persistent environmental occurrences of ketamine and norketamine as well as the increasingly acute toxicity of the photo byproducts demonstrate the importance of including metabolites in evaluation of the overall risk of ketamine. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Pelling, C. [Max-Planck-Institut fuer Biologie, Tuebingen, Federal Republic of Germany (Germany)
1962-02-15
vysokoj stepen'ju razdelenija. Sintez DNK (timidin), sintez RNK (uridin) i proteinovyj sintez v kletke mozhno prosledit' putem opredelenija vremeni i priblizitel'- nogo kolichestva pogloshhenija. V protivopolozhnost' proteinovomu sintezu sintez-DNK i sintez RNK javlja- jutsja ogranichennymi dlja hromosom. Sushhestvennaja fiziologicheskaja aktivnost' hromosom, vidimo, predstavlena sintezom RNK, kotoryj imeet mesto pri opre- delennyh otchetlivyh mestopolozhenijah (nukleoljarnye obrazovateli, kol'ca 'Balbiani' odutlovatosti i drugie hromosomye svjazi). I doklade rassmatrivajutsja nekotorye osobennosti sinteza NIK. (author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Taylor, J. H. [Departments of Botany and Zoology, Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)
1962-02-15
' vysohnut'. Posle obluchenija jemul'sija projavljaetsja eshhe v kontakte s biologicheskim obrazcom. Preparat - radioavtogramma - pri rassmotrenii cherez svetovoj mikroskop pokazyvaet kletochnye struktury i raspredelenie izotopov s razreshajushhej sposobnost'ju menee odnogo mikrona. Takim obrazom udalos' prosledit' cherez dva-tri delenija kletki raspredelenie mechennoj tritiem dezoksiribonuklei- novoj kisloty (DNK) otdel'nyh hromosom. Jeti issledovanija okazalis' vozmozh- nymi v rezul'tate podgotovki tritirovannogo timidina, kotoryj jaljaetsja ves'- ma podhodjashhim metjashhim veshhestvom dlja DNK i bystro istoshhaetsja pri udalenii kletki iz sredy, soderzhashhej mechenyj timidin. Jetot metod dal informaciju o mehanizme vosstanovlenija DNK, strukture i razmnozhenii hromosom, kinetike delenija kletki i sovsem nedavno o sheme i po- sledovatel'nosti vo vremeni razmnozhenija razlichnyh hromosom v odnom i tom zhe jadre i razlichnyh chastjah odnoj hromosomy. Vse izuchennye do sih por hromo- somy imejut dva funkcional'nyh podkomponenta DNK, kotorye rasprostranja- jutsja polukonservativnym obrazom vo vremja razmnozhenija. Jeti dva podkompo- nenta razlichny v opredelennom strukturnom smysle, chto ogranichivaet takoj tip obmena, kotoryj mozhet proishodit' mezhdu chetyr'mja podkomponentami razmno zhajushhejsja hromosomy. Sovremennye dannye o posledovatel'nosti vedut k gipoteze o tom, chto hromosomy razmnozhajutsja v gineticheski kontroliruemoj posledo- vatel'nosti. Vedutsja poiski novyh dannyh po shemam i mehanizmu kontrolja posledovatel'nosti vmeste s prochimi svjazannymi s jetim processami, kotorye zatragivajut sintez hromosomnyh proteinov i drugoj klass nukleinovyh kislot - ribonukleinovye kisloty. (author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Tkhorzhevs` kij, B M; Demidov, S V; Ryasenko, V Yi; Khrapunov, S M [Kievskij Gosudarstvennyj Univ., Kiev (Ukraine); [Nauchno-Proizvodstvennoe Ob` ` edinenie Pripyat` , Chernobyl (Ukraine)
1994-12-31
Results of own investigations of the authors as to the thymogene influence on correction of the repair system under the effect of chronic irradiation are discussed in the article. The influence of thymogene on the repair of DNA in lymphocytes of the spleen of minks has been investigated. Changes in the correlation between single- and double stranded DNA forms in a cell were determinated. It has been found that the quantity of DNA with single stranded breaks has considerably increased in animals under conditions of chronic irradiation. The use of thymogene promotes activation of repair processes in a cell.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Rubini, J. R.; Keller, S.; Eisentraut, A. [Veterans Administration Hospital and Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX (United States); Cronkite, E. P. [Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, Long Island, NY (United States)
1962-02-15
petites quantites de thymidine tritiee; il n'y a pas de formation d'eau tritiee. Les auteurs formulent des hypotheses concernant les mecanismes qui entrent en jeu. (author) [Spanish] Los autores han estudiado el metabolismo y comportamiento in vitro de la timidina tritiada ({sup 3}HTDR; 1,9 curies/mM), que es un precursor del acido desoxirribonucleico, en sangre de enfermos de leucemia y en medula normal de perro. Para evaluar la cantidad de acido desoxirribonucleico recientemente sintetizado determinaron los indices de marcacion y contaron los granulos de autorradiogramas de celulas, tomadas una hora despues de la marcacion. La marcacion de las celulas pudo atenuarse facilmente anadiendo al principio a la timidina tritiada pequenas cantidades de timidina sin marcar, con lo que se demuestra que el espacio de timidina es muy reducido. Si al cabo de 20 minutos se anade timidina a la mezcla en incubacion, la marcacion no se atenua. Este periodo de 20 minutos define el periodo de incorporacion de la timidina tritiada. Al cabo de una hora, la actividad del {sup 3}H contenido en el liquido sobrenadante era aun considerable, pero no suficiente para marcar nuevas celulas anadidas. Este liquido sobrenadante 'gastado' contiene {sup 3}HTDR como principal compuesto tritiado y solo pequenas cantidades de timina-{sup 3}H ; no se formo agua tritiada. Los autores formulan hipotesis acerca de los mecanismos que intervienen en estos fenomenos. (author) [Russian] Izuchalsja metabolizm in vitro i sud'ba pervichnoj chasticy DNK N( timidina, N{sup 3} TshJa (1.9 C{mu}/M) v lejkemichnoj krovi cheloveka i mozgah normal'noj sobaki. Predvaritel'nyj podschet novogo sinteza DNK proizvodilsja mechashhimi indeksami i otschetom zeren avtoradiogramm kletok poluchennyh iz smesej v techenie odnogo chasa. Mechenie kletok mozhet byt' bystro ponizheno dobavleniem minutnyh kolichestv nemechenogo TDR pervonachal'no k H{sup 3} TDR, demonstriruja neznachitel'nost' pula TDR. Kogda TDR, 20 minut spustja byl
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Ryakhovskiy, A N; Kostyukova, V V
The aim of the study was to compare accuracy of digital impression's finishing line and the zone under it taken by different intraoral scanning systems. Parameters of comparison were: different level of the finishing line to the gingiva and width of sulcus after retraction. For this purpose two synthetic jaw models with prepared teeth were scanned using intraoral scanning systems: 3D Progress (MHT S.P.A., IT - MHT Optic Research AG, CH); True Definition (3M ESPE, USA); Trios (3Shape A/S, DNK); CEREC AC Bluecam, CEREC Omnicam (Sirona Dental System GmbH, DE); Planscan (Planmeca, FIN) (each n=10). Reference-scanning was done by ATOS Core (GOM mbH, DE). The resulting digital impressions were superimposed with the master-scan. The lowest measured deviations (trueness) for intraoral scanners, where the finishing line was 0.5 mm above gingiva were with scanner True Definition - 18.8±6.63 (on the finishing line) and 51.0±14.33 µm (0.3 mm under the finishing line). In conditions where finishing line was on the same level with gingiva, scanner Trios showed the best results: 17.0±3.96 and 52.7±6.52 µm. When the finishing line was 0.5 mm under gingiva, none of the testing scanners could visualize the zone 0.3 mm lower the finishing line. The best results for accuracy o the finishing line in that circumstances showed Trios: 15.1±5.05 µm. The optimum visualization of the finishing line and the zone under it was reached when the sulcus was 0.3 mm after retraction. Thus, the best accuracy was obtained with Trios: 10.3±2.69 (on the finishing line) and 57.2±13.58 µm (0.3 mm under finishing line). The results show that intraoral scanners also provide enough accuracy for indicating finishing line and the zone under it in different conditions of preparation and gingiva retraction. However, not all of the testing scanners can properly indicate finishing line and the zone under it when shoulder is below gingiva and the width of sulcus is less than 0.2 mm.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Apelgot, Sonia [Institut du Radium, Laboratoire Curie, Paris (France)
1962-02-15
stojkie k strepto- micinu, byli markirovany v ih DNK timidinom, mechennym tritiem. Izmerenie radioaktivnosti bylo sdelano pri pomoshhi zhidkogo scintilljacionnogo detek- tora s dvumja fotoumnozhiteljami sovpadenij. V dannyh uslovijah jeffektivnost' izmerenij ravnjalas' 5,5%, a fon - 130 kjuri/mol'. Radioaktivnye bakterii sohranjalis' v zapechatnanyh ampulah libo pri tem- perature 0 Degree-Sign C, libo pri temperature - 196 Degree-Sign C, i izuchalos' ih dal'nejshee sosto- janie. Jeti opyty pokazali, chto bakterii inaktivirujutsja funkcional'no v zavisi- mosti ot chisla rasshheplennyh atomov tritija. Inaktivacija zavisit ot tem- peratzgry, v kotoroj oni soderzhalis'. Vychislenie pokazyvaet, chto zffektiv nost' kazhdogo rasshheplennogo atoma dlja umershhvlenija bakterij ochen' neznachi- tel'na. Vychislenie kolichestva par sozdannyh pri inaktivacii ionov v bak- terii ispushhennymi beta-chasticami, poluchennymi vo vremja transmutacii atomov tritija, pokazyvaet, chto ono sravnimo s kolichestvom v sluchae s iks-luchami. Kazhetsja, chto vymiranie, vyzvannoe raspadom trutija, dolzhno byt' prjamo svjazano s proizvedinnoj ionzaciej v bakterial'noj DNK ispushhennymi beta- chasticami. (author)
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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)
Abildinova, G.
2010-01-01
chromosomal aberrations a+b*cos(x)+c*sin(x), for acentric fragments and the sum of change aberrations - a*cos(x)+b*sin(x). Organized molecular-cytogenetically analysis (FISH), are used DNK-probe specific to chromosomes 1, 4 and 12. Analyzed 18500 metaphases. Frequency translocations on under investigation group has formed 0,14 on 100 metaphases. Share genomes has formed 19,2% ] (8,3+6,4+4,5). Frequency translocations on gene has formed - 0,45 on 100 cells. Cellular equivalent beside group of population p. Sarzhal is 318. Equivalent genome is 3,55. Organized reconstruction of absorbed dose with use the equation a regression, which is of the form of: y=0,0023+0,0067x+0,0017x 2 . Average absorbed dose has formed on group of population 2,8 Gr.
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Grecz, N. [Biophysics Laboratory, Illinois Institute Of Technology, Chicago, IL (United States)
1966-11-15
pishhevyh produktov. Obshirnye dannye, imejushhiesja v laboratorii, pokazali, chto: 1) znachenie kojefficienta D{sub 10} opredelennogo vida zavisit ot temperatury, sredy i razmera spor i 2) sushhestvenno razlichnye znachenija kojefficienta D mogut byt' polucheny v zavisimosti ot metoda rascheta i neizvestnyh variacij v razlichnyh jeksperimentah. Jeta informacija obespechivaet osnovu dlja pereocenki koncepcii 12 x D. Pokazano, chto temperatura'vo vremja obluchenija mozhet vozdejstvovat' na kosvennye vlijanija radikalov: 1) na obrazovanie, 2) na himicheskuju reaktivnost', 3) na stepen' razrushenija i 4) na diffuziju, osobenno vo vremja perehoda sredy iz zhidkogo sostojanija v tverdoe pri temperature primerno 0 Degree-Sign S. Kombinacija jetih vlijanij v zavisimosti ot temperatury ob'jasnjaet, pochemu spory naibolee chuvstvitel'ny, kogda oni obluchajutsja pri temperature 0 Degree-Sign S, po sravneniju s bolee vysokimi ili nizkimi temperaturami. Krome ee vlijanija na radikaly, temperatura takzhe vlijaet neposredstvenno na osnovnye, misheni (DNK). Jeto zatragivaet vibracionnoe sostojanie, a takzhe i stepen' gidratacii molekul DNK. Ochevidnaja gidratacija DNK svja zana s diapazonom dejstvija kosvennyh vlijanij, kotoryj mozhet byt' vychislen dlja C.botulinum 33 A, chtoby dobavit' 30 A k radiusu DNK (10,5 A), t.e. pochti v tri raza bol'she vlijanija obluchenija. Jeto izmenenie v radiochuvstvitel'nom ob'eme otrazhaetsja sootvetstvujushhim izmeneniem v znachenii D{sub 37} ot 1,6 x 10{sup 5} rad dlja suhoj spory do 6,6 x 10{sup 4} rad dlja vlazhnoj spory. Suspenzirujushhaja sreda mozhet byt' libo okonchatel'noj dlja radikalov, tak, naprimer, bol'shinstvo produktov i mikrobiologicheskih sred javljajutsja raskisliteljami radikalov, libo ona mozhet sposobstvovat' obrazovaniju vrednyh radikalov, tak naprimer, fosfatnyj buffer obrazuet fosfatnuju kislotu, kislorod obrazuet perekisnye i pergidridnye radikaly. Izmenenie znachenij D{sub 10} otdel'nogo vida, vyzvannye razlichnymi
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Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)
Đurić Gordana
2009-01-01
Full Text Available Backgrround/Aim. Dystonia is considered to be a prolonged involuntary contractions of the muscles leading to twisting, repetitive movements or irregular postures. Etiologically, it could be classified as primary and secondary dystonia. Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD belongs to a group of primary dystonia. The aim of this study was to detect the presence of gene GCH-I mutation in our population in patients with dopa-responsive dystonic dyskinesia and to analyze clinical specificity of the affected. Methods. Out of the group of patients with dystonia of different distribution four patients were separated whose clinical picture indicated the diagnosis of DRD. Two patients had a positive family anamnesis while the other two were sporadic. Genetic analysis was performed by the use of a standard protocol, which included PCR amplification and DNK sequencing according to the method of Senger and autoradiografy. Results. In the patients from the family DRD-1 new hetaerazygote point mutation 520G→A in 4-m exson gene GCH-I was revealed. First symptoms of the disease showed in the age of seven by the torsion of the left foot, progressively advanced and got into the evolution of numbness in the legs, aggravated gait, tending to worsen in the evening, and the therapy with levodopa (500 mg produced a dramatic effect. The second mutation in the female patient from the family DRD-2 was homozygote deletion in1-m intron gene GCH-I (IVS1-85delA. Unwilling torsion of the foot, feeling of weakness in the lower extremities (that caused falling without loss of the consciousness were clinical demonstrations of the disease. The application of levodopa (300 mg caused regression of the symptoms of the disease. Hetaerazygote deletion of adenine in the position 209 in the first exon (209del A was identificated in the patient DRD-3 with negative family anamnesis, in who in the age of ten the torsion of the foot inside occurred for the first time following by trembling of
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Beale, D; Whitehead, J K [Middlesex Hospital Medical School, London (United Kingdom)
1962-01-15
satisfactoriament con los valores que suministra el analisis por derivacion empleando anhidrido acetico marcado con {sup 3}H y con {sup 14}C, y con los que se obtienen mediante cromatografia de intercambio ionico. (author) [Russian] Opisyvaetsya metod izotopnogo derivatsionnogo analiza dlya opredeleniya aminokislot pri nizkom urovne v 10{sup -5} mikro-mol' v gidrolizatakh proteina. 2:4 djnitroftorbenzola-H{sup 3} (G) byl sintezirovan iz ' brombenzola-H{sup 3}(G) i 2 : 4 dinitroftorbenzola-C{sup 14}(G), kotoryj byl poluchen iz khlorbenzola-C{sup 14}(G). Metod analiza vklyuchaet obrabotku smesi amino-kislot tritirovannym reaktivom (udel'naya aktivnost' 12.8 mikro kyuri/mikro ehkvijalent) v shchelochnoj rastvore, k kotoromu prisoedinyaetsya primes' s izvestnoj aktivnost' (6000 raspadov v minutu) proizvodnykh 2 : 4 dinitrofenila , mechennogo S14. Posle rastvoryayushchej ehkstraktsii smeshannaya reaktsiya vydelyaet iz svoego sostava proizvodnye dinitrofinila dvumya putyami khromatografii na bumage i soderzhanie H''3 i C''1''4 kazhdoj kapli opredelyaetsya szhiganiem i gazovym podschetom. Podschet H''3 daet kolichestvo, ravnoe proizvodnoj DNK iz aminokisloty, otdelennoj ot osnovnoj smesi, a schet C''1''4 ukazyvaet na velichinu poter', poluchivshikhsya vo vremya analiza. Itogi, poluchennye v rezul'tate analiza 1 mikrogramma gidrolizovannogo insulina polnost'yu soglasuyutsya s velichinami, poluchennymi v rezul'tate derivatsionnogo analiza s ispol'zovaniem uksusnogo angidrida, mechennogo H{sup 3} i C{sup 14} i s pomoshch'yu khromotografii ionnogo obmena smol. (author)
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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)
Zajicek, G.; Rosin, A.; Gross, J. [Department of Experimental Medicine and Cancer Research, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem (Israel)
1962-02-15
que el de celulas en mitosis. El mismo fenomeno se observo despues de administrar in vivo timidina tritiada. Se calculo la velocidad de incorporacion de la timidina tritiada. Los experimentos se realizaron con concentraciones comprendidas entre 0,0036 ({mu} mol x 10{sup -3} y 1,8 {mu} mol x 10{sup -3}. Se observo que el porcentaje de celulas que incorporan la sustancia marcada es constante para las diferentes concentraciones de timidina. El numero de granulos por nucleo crece con la concentracion de la timidina tritiada. Despues de un periodo de incubacion de 120 min no se observaron celulas marcadas en mitosis. El regimen de incorporacion fue el mismo anadiendo la sustancia marcada al principio de la incubacion o al cabo de 160 min. La adicion de timidina tritiada a la misma suspension, a diferentes intervalos de tiempo, no altero el porcentaje de celulas marcadas, pero el numero de granulos por nucleo aumento despues de cada adicion. No todas las celulas presentes en la suspension incorporaron la misma cantidad de timidina tritiada. Se efectuaron mediciones cuantitativas, incluidos recuentos de granulos y los resultados demostraron que probablemente existe una insuficiencia de timidina en el fluido ascitico de las celulas leucemicas. Los autores estudian la dicotomia existente entre las sintesis del complemento del acido desoxirribonucleico y la division celular subsiguiente. (author) [Russian] Pri izuchenii razlichnyh biologicheskih problem v Izraile v kachestve izotopnogo indikatora ispol'zovalsja tritij. Byli opublikovany nekotorye rezul'taty, dlja polu- chenija kotoryh ispol'zovalsja tritirovannyj timidin (TN{sup 3}) s cel'ju na{sup l}juden- ijaza dinamikoj kletok jeksperimental'noj mielojdnoj lejkemii, a takzhe dlja izuchenija mehanizma ee vkljuchenija v DNK dlja podobnyh kletok i dlja ascitnyh opuholevyh kletok Jerliha. Lejkemichnye kletki metilis' v estestvennyh uslovijah putem vvedenija TN{sup 3} v shejnuju venu. Doza sostavljala 1 mkkjuri/g/na krysu. Byla