Buccal or sublingual misoprostol for cervical ripening and induction of labour.

Science.gov (United States)

Muzonzini, G; Hofmeyr, G J

2004-10-18

This is one of a series of reviews of cervical ripening and labour induction using standardised methodology. Misoprostol administered by the oral and sublingual routes have the advantage of rapid onset of action, while the sublingual and vaginal routes have the advantage of prolonged activity and greatest bioavailability. To determine the effectiveness and safety of misoprostol administered buccally or sublingually for third trimester cervical ripening and induction of labour. We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register (8 December 2003), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library, Issue 4, 2003), and bibliographies of relevant papers. Randomised controlled trials comparing buccal or sublingual misoprostol used for third trimester cervical ripening or labour induction with placebo/no treatment or other methods listed above it on a predefined list of labour induction methods. A generic strategy was developed to deal with the large volume and complexity of trial data relating to labour induction. Data were extracted onto standardized forms, checked for accuracy, and analysed using RevMan software. Three studies (502 participants) compared buccal/sublingual misoprostol respectively with a vaginal regimen (200 microg versus 50 microg) and with oral administration (50 versus 50 microg and 50 versus 100microg).The buccal route was associated with a trend to fewer caesarean sections than with the vaginal route (18/73 versus 28/79; relative risk (RR) 0.70; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42 to 1.15). There were no significant differences in any other outcomes. When the same dosage was used sublingually versus orally, the sublingual route was associated with less failures to achieve vaginal delivery within 24 hours (12/50 versus 19/50; RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.34 to 1.16), reduced oxytocin augmentation (17/50 versus 23/50; RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.21) and reduced caesarean section (8/50 versus 15/50; RR 0.53, 95% CI 0.25 to

Misoprostol

Science.gov (United States)

... on the second or third day of your menstrual period. If you become pregnant while taking misoprostol, stop taking it and call your doctor immediately.Before taking misoprostol, ask your pharmacist or doctor for a copy of the manufacturer's information for the patient and ...

Women's Experiences with and Preference for Induction of Labor with Oral Misoprostol or Foley Catheter at Term

OpenAIRE

Ten Eikelder, Mieke L G; van de Meent, Marieke M; Mast, Kelly; Rengerink, Katrien Oude; Jozwiak, Marta; de Graaf, Irene M; Scholtenhuis, Marloes A G Holswilder-Olde; Roumen, Frans J M E; Porath, Martina M; van Loon, Aren J; van den Akker, Eline S; Rijnders, Robbert J P; Feitsma, A Hanneke; Adriaanse, Albert H; Muller, Moira A

2017-01-01

Objective We assessed experience and preferences among term women undergoing induction of labor with oral misoprostol or Foley catheter.  Study Design In 18 of the 29 participating hospitals in the PROBAAT-II trial, women were asked to complete a questionnaire within 24 hours after delivery. We adapted a validated questionnaire about expectancy and experience of labor and asked women whether they would prefer the same method again in a future pregnancy. Results The questionnaire was completed...

Penyakit Peptik dan Misoprostol

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mariana Raini

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Peptic mucus synthesize especially prostaglandine E2 and I2. Prostaglandine E2 and I2 can impede acid secrete and stimulate mucus and bicarbonate secretion. Misoprostof, a synthetic methyl ester analogue of prostaglandin is both a powerful inhibitor of gastric secretion and is able to protect the gastroduodenal mucosa from damage. Misoprostol and other prostaglandine derivatives can be alternative drug of peptic ulcer relapse because the metyl ester of prostaglandin exert an antisecretion and protective effects on peptic mucus. The clinical effectiveness of misoprostol is comparable to cimethidin in short term treatment of peptic and duodenum ulcer as well as reducing duodenal ulcer relapse. Misoprostol may prevent gastrointestinal and peptic ulcer in long term treatment of Non Steroid Anti Jnflamation Drug. The side effect of misoprostol is cervix maturation and uterotonic. This article describe misoprostol effictiveness on peptic and duodenum ulcer treatment.   Key Words: Misoprostol, Peptik ulcer, Sitoproteksi

Administration of misoprostol by trained traditional birth attendants to prevent postpartum haemorrhage in homebirths in Pakistan: a randomised placebo-controlled trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Mobeen, N; Durocher, J; Zuberi, Nf; Jahan, N; Blum, J; Wasim, S; Walraven, G; Hatcher, J

2011-02-01

to determine if misoprostol is safe and efficacious in preventing postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) when administered by trained traditional birth attendants (TBA) at home deliveries. a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Chitral, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan. a total of 1119 women giving birth at home. from June 2006 to June 2008, consenting women were randomised to receive 600 microg oral misoprostol (n = 534) or placebo (n = 585) after delivery to determine whether misoprostol reduced the incidence of PPH (≥ 500 ml). the primary outcomes were measured blood loss ≥ 500 ml after delivery and drop in haemoglobin >2 g/dl from before to after delivery. oral misoprostol was associated with a significant reduction in the rate of PPH (≥ 500 ml) (16.5 versus 21.9%; relative risk 0.76, 95% CI 0.59-0.97). There were no measurable differences between study groups for drop in haemoglobin >2 g/dl (relative risk 0.79, 95% CI 0.62-1.02); but significantly fewer women receiving misoprostol had a drop in haemoglobin >3 g/dl, compared with placebo (5.1 versus 9.6%; relative risk 0.53, 95% CI 0.34-0.83). Shivering and chills were significantly more common with misoprostol. There were no maternal deaths among participants. postpartum administration of 600 microg oral misoprostol by trained TBAs at home deliveries reduces the rate of PPH by 24%. Given its ease of use and low cost, misoprostol could reduce the burden of PPH in community settings where universal oxytocin prophylaxis is not feasible. Continual training and skill-building for TBAs, along with monitoring and evaluation of programme effectiveness, should accompany any widespread introduction of this drug.

Evaluation of effect of letrozole prior to misoprostol in comparison with misoprostol alone in success rate of induced abortion.

Science.gov (United States)

Behroozi-Lak, T; Derakhshan-Aydenloo, S; Broomand, F

2018-03-01

Abortion, spontaneous or induced, is a common complication of pregnancy and exploration of available and safe regimens for medical abortion in developing countries seems crucial. The present study was aimed to assess the effect of letrozole in combination with misoprostol in women eligible for legal therapeutic abortion with gestational age ≤14weeks. This clinical randomized trial was conducted on 78 women who were candidate of medical abortion and eligible for legal abortion with gestational age ≤14 weeks that were randomly divided into two groups of case and controls. Case group received daily oral dose of 10mg letrozole for three days followed by vaginal misoprostol. In control group the patients received only vaginal misoprostol. The rate of complete abortion, induction-of-abortion time, and side-effects were assessed. Complete abortion was observed in 30 patients (76.9%) in case group and 9 (23.1%) cases were failed. In control group there was 16 (41.03%) complete abortions and 23 (58.97%) cases were failed to abort. Patients with gestational age of between 6 and 10 weeks did not show significant difference in both groups (P=0.134). Regarding pregnancy remnants there were significant differences between two groups (P=0.034). The time form admission to discharge in case groups were significantly shorter than those in control group (P=0.001). The indication for curettage in case group was significantly less than control group (P=0.001). A 3-day course of letrozole (10mg/daily) followed by misoprostol was associated with a higher complete abortion and lower curettage rates and reduction in time from admission to discharge in women with gestational age ≤14 weeks compared to misoprostol alone. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

A randomised clinical trial of misoprostol for radiation mucositis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Faroudi, F.; Timms, I.; Sathiyuaseelan, Y.; Cakir, B.; Tiver, K.W.; Gebski, V.; Veness, M.

2003-01-01

Radiation mucositis is a major acute toxicity of radiation therapy for head and neck malignancies. We tested whether Misoprostol, a synthetic prostaglandin E 1 analogue given prophylactically decreased intensity of radiation mucositis. A double blind randomized trial was conducted. The intervention consisted of swishing dissolved drug or placebo as a mouthwash, and then swallowing two hours prior to radiation treatment. Patients were stratified based on concurrent chemotherapy, altered fractionation, smoking, extent of oral mucosa in radiation field, and institution. The main end point was the extent of RTOG grade III mucositis, taking into account both time and duration of mucositis. 42 patients were randomized to active drug, and 41 patients to placebo. The trial was designed to have 70 patients in each arm. The trial closed due to poor accrual. In the Misoprostol group 18/42 (43%) had grade III/IV mucositis, and in the placebo group 17/40 (42%). The mean difference between the areas under the curve was 0.38 (p-value: 0.38). For grade II mucositis the corresponding figures were 18 (42%) and 19 (47%). The time from commencement of radiation therapy to the development of peak mucositis was 49 days in the misoprostol patients and 51 days in the placebo group. The duration of grade III mucositis 12.5 days in the Misoprostol patients and 7 days in the placebo patients. In the Misoprostol arm 4 patients had an interruption to their Radiation Therapy, in the Placebo arm 5 had interruptions. Patients average weight loss was 8.1 and 8.2kg. Average self-assessment was via a 10cm LASA scale for soreness of throat and overall well-being. Misoprostol showed a worse QoL on soreness of mouth (mean difference: 0.84 units (p-value .03), but overall well-being was similar on both treatment arms 1 patient withdrew in the Misoprostol arm and 2 in the placebo arm. Misoprostol given prophylactically does not reduce the incidence of Grade III/IV mucositis, is associated with a shorter

effectiveness and safety of 2-hourly 20 mcg oral misoprostol solution

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2014-09-01

Sep 1, 2014 ... misoprostol were augmented with oxytocin and delivered vaginally. The Caesarean .... who accepted to participate were recruited and signed the informed ... the research assistant mid wife then picked a sealed opaque ...

Misoprostol for postpartum hemorrhage prevention at home birth: an integrative review of global implementation experience to date

OpenAIRE

Smith, Jeffrey Michael; Gubin, Rehana; Holston, Martine M; Fullerton, Judith; Prata, Ndola

2013-01-01

Abstract Background Hemorrhage continues to be a leading cause of maternal death in developing countries. The 2012 World Health Organization guidelines for the prevention and management of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) recommend oral administration of misoprostol by community health workers (CHWs). However, there are several outstanding questions about distribution of misoprostol for PPH prevention at home births. Metho...

Prevention of postpartum haemorrhage: cost consequences analysis of misoprostol in low-resource settings.

Science.gov (United States)

Lang, Danielle L; Zhao, Fei-Li; Robertson, Jane

2015-11-23

While inferior to oxytocin injection in both efficacy and safety, orally administered misoprostol has been included in the World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines for use in the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) in low-resource settings. This study evaluates the costs and health outcomes of use of oral misoprostol to prevent PPH in settings where injectable uterotonics are not available. A cost-consequences analysis was conducted from the international health system perspective, using data from a recent Cochrane systematic review and WHO's Mother-Baby Package Costing Spreadsheet in a hypothetical cohort of 1000 births in a mixed hospital (40% births)/community setting (60% births). Costs were estimated based on 2012 US dollars. Using oxytocin in the hospital setting and misoprostol in the community setting in a cohort of 1000 births, instead of oxytocin (hospital setting) and no treatment (community setting), 22 cases of PPH could be prevented. Six fewer women would require additional uterotonics and four fewer women a blood transfusion. An additional 130 women would experience shivering and an extra 42 women fever. Oxytocin/misoprostol was found to be cost saving (US$320) compared to oxytocin/no treatment. If misoprostol is used in both the hospital and community setting compared with no treatment (i.e. oxytocin not available in the hospital setting), 37 cases of PPH could be prevented; ten fewer women would require additional uterotonics; and six fewer women a blood transfusion. An additional 217 women would experience shivering and 70 fever. The cost savings would be US$533. Sensitivity analyses indicate that the results are sensitive to the incidence of PPH-related outcomes, drug costs and the proportion of hospital births. Our findings confirm that, even though misoprostol is not the optimum choice in the prevention of PPH, misoprostol could be an effective and cost-saving choice where oxytocin is not or cannot be used due to a

Inhibition of food stimulated acid secretion by misoprostol, an orally active synthetic E1 analogue prostaglandin.

OpenAIRE

Ramage, J K; Denton, A; Williams, J G

1985-01-01

The effect of 200 micrograms misoprostol (a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue) on food stimulated intragastric acidity has been monitored over a 9 h period in 16 normal volunteers. Misoprostol caused a significant inhibition of intragastric acidity for 2 h post-dosing, but no significant effect was seen thereafter on either basal or food stimulated acidity.

COMPARISON OF MISOPROSTOL AND MISOPROSTOL WITH ISOSORBIDE MONONITRATE IN SECOND TRIMESTER TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY

OpenAIRE

Shanthi Sivakumar; Nalina. S; Rukkayal Fathima; Rekha Radha

2016-01-01

BACKGROUND To compare the efficacy and side effect profile of vaginal misoprostol versus misoprostol and isosorbide mononitrate in enhancing cervical ripening in second trimester pregnancy termination. METHODS It is a random clinical trial done in 100 patients for mid trimester termination of pregnancy (between 12 and 24 weeks of gestational age). They were divided into two groups: Group A Combination of 400 mcg of misoprostol and 40 mg of ISMN placed intravaginally. Repe...

Reduction of aspirin-induced fecal blood loss with low-dose misoprostol tablets in man

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cohen, M.M.; Clark, L.; Armstrong, L.; D'Souza, J.

1985-01-01

Misoprostol (SC-29333), a synthetic prostaglandin E1 methyl ester analog, was given simultaneously with acetylsalicylic acid in a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized prospective study of 32 healthy human male subjects. Fecal blood loss was measured for eight days using the 51 Cr-labeled red blood cell technique. Aspirin (650 mg qid) and misoprostol (25 micrograms qid) or placebo were given during days 3, 4, and 5. There was a significant (P less than 0.05) increase in median blood loss (modified Friedman test) from 0.81 to 6.05 ml/day in the aspirin with placebo group (N = 16). Median blood loss was increased (from 0.75 to 3.75 ml/day) in the aspirin with misoprostol group (N = 16), but this was significantly less (Mann-Whitney U test, P less than 0.01) than the placebo group. Mean serum salicylate concentrations in the placebo and misoprostol groups were similar (7.8 and 6.8 micrograms/ml, respectively). There were no significant changes in laboratory values in any of the subjects studied, nor were any major side-effects encountered. This study demonstrates that oral misoprostol reduces aspirin-induced gastrointestinal bleeding even when administered simultaneously and at a dose level below its threshold for significant acid inhibition. This indicates a potential role for misoprostol in the prevention of gastric mucosal damage in selected patients

An outpatient regimen of combined oral mifepristone 400 mg and misoprostol 400 microg for first-trimester legal medical abortion

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ravn, Pernille; Rasmussen, Ase; Knudsen, Ulla Breth

2005-01-01

AIM: To evaluate the success rate of medical abortion using an outpatient regimen of oral mifepristone 400 mg and oral misoprostol 400 microg for legal abortion in women abortion was defined as an endometrial thickness ... the procedure over a 3-year period and 606 (92%) experienced successful medical abortion. The remaining 8% had vacuum aspiration performed mainly due to uterine retention (70%). Other reasons were vaginal bleeding (25%), vomiting (2%), or pelvic infection (4%). Most women reported no days with severe pain (67......%), 0--1 days with moderate pain (82%), and 0--1 days with light pain (62%). In terms of gastrointestinal side effects, 68% reported nausea, 33% vomiting, and 27% diarrhea. Most women (90%) felt that the information given at the hospital prior to the abortion was sufficient, 74% would prefer medical...

Prevention of postpartum haemorrhage with sublingual misoprostol or oxytocin: a double-blind randomised controlled trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Bellad, M B; Tara, D; Ganachari, M S; Mallapur, M D; Goudar, S S; Kodkany, B S; Sloan, N L; Derman, R

2012-07-01

Sublingual misoprostol produces a rapid peak concentration, and is more effective than oral administration. We compared the postpartum measured blood loss with 400 μg powdered sublingual misoprostol and after standard care using 10 iu intramuscular (IM) oxytocin. Double-blind randomised controlled trial. A teaching hospital: J N Medical College, Belgaum, India. A cohort of 652 consenting eligible pregnant women admitted to the labour room. Subjects were assigned to receive the study medications and placebos within 1 minute of clamping and cutting the cord by computer-generated randomisation. Chi-square and bootstrapped Student's t-tests were used to test categorical and continuous outcomes, respectively. Measured mean postpartum blood loss and haemorrhage (PPH, loss ≥ 500 ml), >10% pre- to post-partum decline in haemoglobin, and reported side effects. The mean blood loss with sublingual misoprostol was 192 ± 124 ml (n=321) and 366 ± 136 ml with oxytocin IM (n=331, P ≤ 0.001). The incidence of PPH was 3.1% with misoprostol and 9.1% with oxytocin (P=0.002). No woman lost ≥ 1000 ml of blood. We observed that 9.7% and 45.6% of women experienced a haemoglobin decline of >10% after receiving misoprostol and oxytocin, respectively (P ≤ 0.001). Side effects were significantly greater in the misoprostol group than in the oxytocin group. Unlike other studies, this trial found sublingual misoprostol more effective than intramuscular oxytocin in reducing PPH, with only transient side effects being greater in the misoprostol group. The sublingual mode and/or powdered formulation may increase the effectiveness of misoprostol, and render it superior to injectable oxytocin for the prevention of PPH. Further research is needed to confirm these results. © 2012 The Authors BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology © 2012 RCOG.

Oxytocin via Uniject (a prefilled single-use injection) versus oral misoprostol for prevention of postpartum haemorrhage at the community level: a cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Diop, Ayisha; Daff, Bocar; Sow, Maimouna; Blum, Jennifer; Diagne, Mamadou; Sloan, Nancy L; Winikoff, Beverly

2016-01-01

Access to injectable uterotonics for management of postpartum haemorrhage remains limited in Senegal outside health facilities, and misoprostol and oxytocin delivered via Uniject have been deemed viable alternatives in community settings. We aimed to compare the efficacy of these drugs when delivered by auxiliary midwives at maternity huts. We did an unmasked cluster-randomised controlled trial at maternity huts in three districts in Senegal. Maternity huts with auxiliary midwives located 3-21 km from the closest referral centre were randomly assigned (1:1; via a computer-generated random allocation overseen by Gynuity Health Projects) to either 600 μg oral misoprostol or 10 IU oxytocin in Uniject (intramuscular), stratified by reported previous year clinic volume (deliveries) and geographical location (inland or coastal). Maternity huts that had been included in a previous study of misoprostol for prevention of postpartum haemorrhage were excluded to prevent contamination. Pregnant women in their third trimester were screened for eligibility either during community outreach or at home-based prenatal visits. Only women delivered by the auxiliary midwives in the maternity huts were eligible for the study. Women with known allergies to prostaglandins or pregnancy complications were excluded. The primary outcome was mean change in haemoglobin concentration measured during the third trimester and after delivery. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01713153. 28 maternity hut clusters were randomly assigned-14 to the misoprostol group and 14 to the oxytocin group. Between June 6, 2012, and Sept 21, 2013, 1820 women were recruited. 647 women in the misoprostol group and 402 in the oxytocin group received study drug and had recorded pre-delivery and post-delivery haemoglobin concentrations, and overall 1412 women delivered in the study maternity huts. The mean change in haemoglobin concentrations was 3·5 g/L (SD 16·1) in the misoprostol group

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MIFEPRISTONE AND MISOPROSTOL VERSUS MISOPROSTOL ALONE IN MID TRIMESTER TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Surendra Nath Soren

2018-01-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND Termination of pregnancy in second trimester continues to be a challenge in developing countries especially in rural areas. There is an exponential rise in complications of abortion along with advancing gestational age. The search is on for an ideal method of abortion, which is reliable, safe and cheap. This study was conducted in M.K.C.G. Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, from November 2015 to October 2017 with the aim of finding an effective method to induce second trimester abortion within reasonable time with fewer complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 80 patients were studied to compare combination of mifepristone and misoprostol (30 patients with single drug misoprostol alone (50 patients for second trimester abortion. The Induction Abortion Interval (IAI, success rate, misoprostol dose requirement and side effects with demographic characteristics were compared between the two groups. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the IAI in both the groups. The mean IAI was 562.218 minutes in study group, whereas in control group, IAI was 922.698 minutes. The success rate (complete abortion was 92.5% in study group and 68.4% in control group, and this was statistically significant. Misoprostol dose requirement (average in study group was 1081.48 μg and in control group was 1675.67 μg. More side effects were observed in the control group. CONCLUSION Mifepristone followed by misoprostol was more effective than misoprostol alone as it had a shorter IAI, better success rate, less requirement of misoprostol and fewer side effects.

Beliefs and practices in using misoprostol for induction of labour among obstetricians in Zimbabwe

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M Madziyire

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Background. Misoprostol is commonly used for induction of labour in term pregnancy. There are different routes and dosing schedules for administering the drug.Objectives. To describe the prescribing pattern (dose, route, duration, beliefs and factors affecting use of misoprostol for inducing term pregnancy among practising obstetricians in Zimbabwe.Methods. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was undertaken among practising obstetricians in Zimbabwe. A questionnaire was sent as an email, WhatsApp or short message service (SMS, or text web link to all practising obstetricians in Zimbabwe using the SurveyMonkey online tool. All consenting practitioners were requested to respond online. The responses were analysed using the SurveyMonkey software.Results. There were 52 responses from the 63 questionnaires, a response rate of 82.5%. Seventy-six percent preferred oral misoprostol for induction of labour. The most common indication for induction was prolonged pregnancy accounting for 58% of respondents. The largest group of the practitioners who responded (36% learnt their misoprostol dosing regimen from WHO/FIGO/NICE guidelines. A composite of highly variable dose regimens referred to as ‘other regimens’ was the dosing regimen preferred by 34% of respondents. Fiftyeight percent of practitioners used two cycles of misoprostol dosing before concluding that induction had failed and 52% would resort to caesarean section immediately if induction failed.Conclusion. The results show marked heterogeneity in the dosing schedules employed by obstetricians for induction of labour with the majority not following standard misoprostol guidelines for labour induction.

Safety and Efficacy of Misoprostol versus Oxytocin for the Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage

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Minoo Rajaei

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH is the commonest cause of maternal death worldwide. Studies suggest that the use of misoprostol may be beneficial in clinical settings where oxytocin is unavailable. The aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of oxytocin and misoprostol when used in the prevention of PPH. In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, 400 pregnant women who had a vaginal delivery were assigned into two groups: to receive either 20 IU of oxytocin in 1000 mL Ringer’s solution and two placebo tablets or 400 mcg oral misoprostol (as two tablets and 2 mL normal saline in 1000 mL Ringer’s solution. The quantity of blood loss was higher in the oxytocin group in comparison to the misoprostol group. There was no significant difference in the decrease in hematocrit and hemoglobin between the two groups. Although there was no significant difference in the need for transfusions between the two groups, the patients in the oxytocin group had greater need for additional oxytocin. Results from this study indicate that it may be considered as an alternative for oxytocin in low resource clinical settings. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01863706.

Effect of misoprostol on patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease undergoing aspirin challenge and desensitization.

Science.gov (United States)

Walters, Kristen M; Simon, Ronald A; Woessner, Katharine M; Wineinger, Nathan E; White, Andrew A

2017-07-01

Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) is an anti-inflammatory compound that inhibits 5-lipoxygenase activity. Diminished PGE 2 regulation in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) leads to respiratory reactions on cyclooxygenase 1 inhibition. In vitro studies have found that exogenous PGE 2 stabilizes inflammatory mediator release. To examine whether misoprostol (oral prostaglandin E 1 analogue) use during aspirin challenge and desensitization might decrease the severity of aspirin-induced symptoms and make desensitization safer for patients with AERD. Forty-five patients undergoing aspirin challenge and/or desensitization were randomized to misoprostol (n = 30) or placebo (n = 15) and compared with a group of historical controls (n = 31). Misoprostol (200 μg) was administered at 30 minutes, 90 minutes, and 4 hours after the first dose of nasal ketorolac. Measured end points included change in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ), peak nasal inspiratory flow rate (PNIF), number of treatments received for induced reactions, and adverse gastrointestinal effects. A difference in FEV 1 and PNIF reduction was detected between misoprostol and placebo (P = .03) and misoprostol and historical controls (P = .01), respectively, during nasal ketorolac challenge. No difference was detected among aspirin reactors. Among all reactors, no difference in magnitude was found for FEV 1 (P = .13) or PNIF (P = .07) reduction across all 3 groups. Total treatment requirement was similar (P = .14). Patients receiving misoprostol were more likely to report adverse gastrointestinal effects (P = .02). The addition of misoprostol to current aspirin challenge and/or desensitization protocols reveals no protective effect in reducing the intensity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced symptoms and is not recommended based on the findings in this study. Copyright © 2017 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Misoprostol for postpartum hemorrhage prevention at home birth: an integrative review of global implementation experience to date.

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, Jeffrey Michael; Gubin, Rehana; Holston, Martine M; Fullerton, Judith; Prata, Ndola

2013-02-20

Hemorrhage continues to be a leading cause of maternal death in developing countries. The 2012 World Health Organization guidelines for the prevention and management of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) recommend oral administration of misoprostol by community health workers (CHWs). However, there are several outstanding questions about distribution of misoprostol for PPH prevention at home births. We conducted an integrative review of published research studies and evaluation reports from programs that distributed misoprostol at the community level for prevention of PPH at home births. We reviewed methods and cadres involved in education of end-users, drug administration, distribution, and coverage, correct and incorrect usage, and serious adverse events. Eighteen programs were identified; only seven reported all data of interest. Programs utilized a range of strategies and timings for distributing misoprostol. Distribution rates were higher when misoprostol was distributed at a home visit during late pregnancy (54.5-96.9%) or at birth (22.5-83.6%), compared to antenatal care (ANC) distribution at any ANC visit (22.5-49.1%) or late ANC visit (21.0-26.7%). Coverage rates were highest when CHWs and traditional birth attendants distributed misoprostol and lower when health workers/ANC providers distributed the medication. The highest distribution and coverage rates were achieved by programs that allowed self-administration. Seven women took misoprostol prior to delivery out of more than 12,000 women who were followed-up. Facility birth rates increased in the three programs for which this information was available. Fifty-one (51) maternal deaths were reported among 86,732 women taking misoprostol: 24 were attributed to perceived PPH; none were directly attributed to use of misoprostol. Even if all deaths were attributable to PPH, the equivalent ratio (59 maternal deaths/100,000 live births) is substantially lower than the reported maternal mortality ratio in any of these

Misoprostol and teratogenesis in neonates

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mariana Beatriz Scabora da Silva

2009-09-01

Full Text Available This paper is focused in some aspects of maternal exposure to misoprostol during perinatal period, and the abortive and teratogenesis effects on the fetus. The causes of malformations were revised, taking into account chemical, physical and environmental factors as well as the interaction between them. There are evidences that the practice of abortion tripled in Southern and Northeastern Brazil in 15 years, and one of the most frequent forms of abortion is through the use of misoprostol. In Brazil, 1991, 288,700 women were hospitalized as a consequence of complications induced by abortion attempt with this medicine. This fact resulted in the ban of misoprostol across our country, by Decree 344/98 determined by the Health Ministry. The use of misoprostol requires special control and it is allowed only in hospitals, with supervision of the municipal health surveillance. Among the more severe problems affecting the non-aborted child is the injury on the central nervous system, which frequently results in the Moebius syndrome. This is a congenital and non-progressive paralysis of the VI and VII cranial nerves, frequently bilateral, which produces a unexpressive facial appearance and convergent Strabismus. Even banned in our country, abortion is illegally practiced, being deprived of proper knowledge about misoprostol teratogenic effects on the fetus as well as the risks involving mothers.Este trabalho enfoca aspectos relativos à exposição ao misoprostol no período perinatal como abortificante e agente teratogênico, assim como as causas das malformações, considerando-se fatores químicos, físicos e ambientais. A prática do aborto triplicou nas regiões Sul e Nordeste em 15 anos, sendo que entre os métodos mais freqüentes está o uso do medicamento com o princípio ativo do misoprostol. Em 1991 no Brasil, 288.700 mulheres foram socorridas em hospitais devido a complicações por indução de aborto com este medicamento. Isso resultou na

Determinación cromatográfica de misoprostol a dosis baja en plasma neonatal y calostro materno Chromatographic determination of misoprostol at a low dose in neonatal plasm and mother colostrum

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Danilo Nápoles Méndez

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Se efectuó un estudio de cromatografía con el objetivo de realizar un análisis cualitativo que definiera un rango de seguridad; demostrar la presencia o no del misoprostol en sangre neonatal o calostro materno cuando se emplea a bajas dosis (25 microgramos por vía vaginal, en pacientes con distocia de fase latente del trabajo de parto, así como determinar la presencia de complicaciones en el recién nacido. Las muestras fueron analizadas en 2 momentos entre 2008 y 2009, previa coordinación del Hospital Ginecoobstétrico "Mariana Grajales Coello" de Santiago de Cuba con el Centro de Biofísica Médica de la Universidad de Oriente y el Centro Nacional de Toxicología en Ciudad de La Habana, si bien la investigación formó parte de un ensayo clínico en fase III, donde se empleó el misoprostol en 327 gestantes. Para la cromatografía se escogieron 50 muestras de plasma neonatal y 50 de calostro materno, de pacientes que parieron en las primeras 6 horas de la última dosis del medicamento, cuando supuestamente existe actividad plasmática. Los recién nacidos fueron observados clínicamente durante 72 horas, en cuyo intervalo se les indicaron pruebas de laboratorio para precisar posibles complicaciones, pero estas no se produjeron; tampoco resultó posible cuantificar señales en los tiempos de retención esperados para los derivados y el principio activo del misoprostol. Se concluyó que en las condiciones de administración establecidas en la casuística, los datos cromatográficos obtenidos muestran que la dosis empleada es segura para el neonato.A chromatography study was conducted with the aim of a qualitative analysis to define a range of safety, demonstrate the presence or absence of misoprostol in neonatal blood or mother colostrum when used at low doses (25 micrograms vaginally in patients with dystocia in latent stage of labor, as well as to determine the presence of complications in the newborn. The samples were analyzed in 2

Availability and provision of misoprostol and other medicines for menstrual regulation among pharmacies in Bangladesh via mystery client survey.

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Huda, Fauzia A; Ngo, Thoai D; Ahmed, Anisuddin; Alam, Anadil; Reichenbach, Laura

2014-02-01

To explore the availability and provision of misoprostol and other medicines for menstrual regulation (MR) among pharmacies in Bangladesh. Between March and November 2011, a cross-sectional study using mystery client visits was conducted among pharmacy workers in Dhaka and Gazipur Districts, Bangladesh. Mystery clients were trained to present 1 of 4 pre-developed situations to pharmacy workers to elicit information on the regimen, adverse effects, and complications of misoprostol use. Mystery clients visited 331 pharmacies. Among the 331 pharmacy workers, 45.8% offered the mystery clients misoprostol and/or other medicines for MR; 25.7% referred them to private clinics or hospitals. Only 7% recommended an effective regimen of misoprostol for MR; 65% suggested administering vaginal and oral misoprostol together. Overall, 72.4% did not provide any advice on complications; the remainder suggested visiting trained providers for complications. Counseling on excessive bleeding as a danger sign was provided by 46% of pharmacy workers. Most (94%) did not provide or refer for post-MR family planning. Pharmacy workers in urban Bangladesh are providing ineffective drugs and regimens for MR. A training package is needed to strengthen service delivery by providing accurate information, high-quality products, and referral mechanisms for women seeking MR through pharmacies. © 2013.

Möbius Syndrome: Misoprostol Use and Speech and Language Characteristics

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Guedes, Zelita Caldeira Ferreira

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Introduction Möbius syndrome (MS; VI and VII palsy is a rare disease that in Brazil has a great frequency because of the use of misoprostol during pregnancy. Objective Verify if the speech and language performance of children with MS whose mothers reported use of misoprostol (Cytotec, Pfizer, Connecticut, USA are different from the performance of children of mothers who did not report use. Methods The stomatognathic system beyond receptive and expressive language and speech was evaluated in children with MS, and their mothers were questioned whether they used misoprostol during the pregnancy. Results During the interview, 61.11% of mothers reported that they took misoprostol during the pregnancy. Most of the subjects (83.3% whose mothers took misoprostol presented bilateral palsy beyond bad mobility of the tongue (90.9% and speech disorders (63.6%. Conclusion The number of mothers who took misoprostol without knowing the risk for MS was great. The lack of facial expressions and speech disorders were common characteristics of the individuals with MS, whether the mothers took misoprostol during the pregnancy or not.

The use of misoprostol in termination of second-trimester pregnancy

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Chen-Ju Lin

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Misoprostol, a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analog, is initially used to prevent peptic ulcer. The initial US Food and Drug Administration-approved indication in the product labeling is the treatment and prevention of intestinal ulcer disease resulting from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use. In recent two decades, misoprostol has approved to be an effective agent for termination of pregnancy in various gestation, cervical ripening, labor induction in term pregnancy, and possible management of postpartum hemorrhage. For the termination of second-trimester pregnancy using the combination of mifepristone and misoprostol seems to have the highest efficacy and the shortest time interval of abortion. When mifepristone is not available, misoprostol alone is a good alternative. Misoprostol, 400 μg given vaginally every 3–6 hours, is probably the optimal regimen for second-trimester abortion. More than 800 μg of misoprostol is likely to have more side effects, especially diarrhea. Although misoprostol can be used in women with scarred uterus for termination of second-trimester pregnancy, it is recommended that women with a scarred uterus should receive lower doses and do not double the dose if there is no initial response. It is also important for us to recognize the associated teratogenic effects of misoprostol and thorough consultation before prescribing this medication to patients regarding these risks, especially when failure of abortion occurs, is needed.

Effect of Misoprostol on the Pharmacokinetics of Sustained Release Diclofenac in Myanmar Healthy Male Volunteers

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Htet Htet Aung

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Background: Sustained release diclofenac (diclofenac SR is the commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. Misoprostol, prostaglandin analogue, is the agent that enhances gastrointestinal mucosal defense. Concomitant administration of misoprostol with diclofenac SR can prevent the gastrointestinal side effects of diclofenac SR. Objective: The purpose of the study was to explore the effect of misoprostol on the pharmacokinetics of diclofenac SR in healthy volunteers. Methods: Crossover study was evaluated in 14 male volunteers. Single oral dose of 100 mg diclofenac SR was concomitantly administered with 200 μg misoprostol with one-week wash out period. Plasma concentrations at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 6 and 10 hrs were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as area under concentration-time curve (AUC0-α, peak plasma concentration (Cmax, time to achieve peak plasma concentration (Tmax, absorption half-life (T½(ab, elimination half-life (T1/2(el, absorption rate constant (Kab, and elimination rate constant (Kel were determined. Results: With misoprostol, the mean AUC0-α of diclofenac SR was significantly reduced from 12.11±5.25μg/ mL×hr to 4.17±2.72μg/mL×hr (p0.05. The mean T½(ab was decreased from 0.56±0.23hr to 0.54±0.19hr (p>0.05. The mean Kab were almost the same 1.43±0.54hr-1 and 1.43±0.48hr-1. The mean T1/2(el was decreased from 3.68±1.64hr to 3.03±1.08hr (p>0.05. The mean Kel was increased from 0.21±0.09hr-1 to 0.25±0.09hr-1 (p>0.05. Conclusion: There was a significant reduction in the extent of absorption of diclofenac SR when concomitantly administered with misoprostol. Therefore, the dose of diclofenac SR may need to be increased to avoid therapeutic failure of diclofenac SR or concurrent use with misoprostol may need to be changed to other gastroprotective agents.

Foley Catheter versus Vaginal Misoprostol for Labour Induction

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Nasreen Noor

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Objectives. To compare the efficacy and safety of intravaginal misoprostol with transcervical Foley catheter for labour induction. Material and Methods. One hundred and four women with term gestation, with Bishop score < 4, and with various indications for labour induction were randomly divided into two groups. In Group I, 25 μg of misoprostol tablet was placed intravaginally, 4 hourly up to maximum 6 doses. In Group II, Foley catheter 16F was placed through the internal os of the cervix under aseptic condition and then inflated with 50 cc of sterile saline. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Results. The induction to delivery interval was 14.03 ± 7.61 hours versus 18.40 ± 8.02 hours (p<0.01. The rate of vaginal delivery was 76.7% versus 56.8% in misoprostol and transcervical Foley catheter group, respectively. Uterine hyperstimulation was more common with misoprostol. Neonatal outcome was similar in both the groups. Conclusion. Intravaginal misoprostol is associated with a shorter induction to delivery interval as compared to Foley’s catheter and it increases the rate of vaginal delivery in cases of unripe cervix at term. Transcervical Foley catheter is associated with a lower incidence of uterine hyperstimulation during labour.

Is the Time of administration of misoprostol of value? The uterotonic effect of misoprostol given pre- and post-operative after elective cesarean section

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Ahmed H. Abd-Ellah

2014-03-01

Conclusion: Pre-operative rectally administrated misoprostol appears to be more effective than post-operative rectally administrated misoprostol in reducing blood loss, and in decreasing the need for other uterotonic drugs in cesarean section delivery.

Modeling maternal mortality in Bangladesh: the role of misoprostol in postpartum hemorrhage prevention.

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Prata, Ndola; Bell, Suzanne; Quaiyum, Md Abdul

2014-02-20

Bangladesh is one of the few countries that may actually achieve the fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG) in time, despite skilled birth attendance remaining low. The purpose of this paper is to examine the potential role misoprostol can play in the decline of maternal deaths attributed to postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in Bangladesh. Using data from a misoprostol and blood loss measurement tool feasibility study in Bangladesh, observed cause specific maternal mortality ratios (MMRs) were estimated and contrasted with expected ratios using estimates from the Bangladesh Maternal Mortality Survey (BMMS) data. Using Crystal Ball 7 we employ Monte Carlo simulation techniques to estimate maternal deaths in four scenarios, each with different levels of misoprostol coverage. These scenarios include project level misoprostol coverage (69%), no (0%), low (40%), and high (80%) misoprostol coverage. Data on receipt of clean delivery kit, use of misoprostol, experience of PPH, and cause of death were used in model assumptions. Using project level misoprostol coverage (69%), the mean number of PPH deaths expected was 40 (standard deviation = 8.01) per 100,000 live births. Assuming no misoprostol coverage (0%), the mean number of PPH deaths expected was 51 (standard deviation = 9.30) per 100,000 live births. For low misoprostol coverage (40%), the mean number of PPH deaths expected was 45 (standard deviation = 8.26) per 100,000 live births, and for high misoprostol coverage (80%), the mean number of PPH deaths expected was 38 (standard deviation = 7.04) per 100,000 live births. This theoretical exercise hypothesizes that prophylactic use of misoprostol at home births may contribute to a reduction in the risk of death due to PPH, in addition to reducing the incidence of PPH. If findings from this modeling exercise are accurate and uterotonics can prevent maternal death, misoprostol could be the tool countries need to further reduce maternal mortality at home births.

Recommendations for scale-up of community-based misoprostol distribution programs.

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Robinson, Nuriya; Kapungu, Chisina; Carnahan, Leslie; Geller, Stacie

2014-06-01

Community-based distribution of misoprostol for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in resource-poor settings has been shown to be safe and effective. However, global recommendations for prenatal distribution and monitoring within a community setting are not yet available. In order to successfully translate misoprostol and PPH research into policy and practice, several critical points must be considered. A focus on engaging the community, emphasizing the safe nature of community-based misoprostol distribution, supply chain management, effective distribution, coverage, and monitoring plans are essential elements to community-based misoprostol program introduction, expansion, or scale-up. Copyright © 2014 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

One or two day mifepristone-misoprostol interval for second trimester abortion

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nilas, Lisbeth; Glavind-Kristensen, M; Vejborg, Thomas

2007-01-01

METHODS: A retrospective 2-year cohort study of 127 women, with gestation between 13 and 24 weeks and a live fetus, seeking induced abortion. The aim was to compare the effect of a 1-day and a 2-day interval between oral mifepristone (200 mg) and vaginal misoprostol (400 microg) every 3 h. RESULTS......: The time to fetal expulsion was longer (9.8 versus 7.5 h; pabortion occurred in 98% within 24 h in both groups The time to abortion was longer in women with a gestation of 17-22 weeks compared to women...

Misoprostol sublingual versus vaginal para indução do parto a termo Sublingual versus vaginal misoprostol for labor induction of term pregnancies

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Olímpio Barbosa de Moraes Filho

2005-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: comparar efetividade e segurança de uso de comprimido sublingual de 25 µg de misoprostol com o comprimido vaginal de 25 µg do misoprostol na indução do parto com idade gestacional e > 37 semanas e colo uterino desfavorável. MÉTODOS: realizou-se ensaio clínico controlado e aleatorizado, não cego, na Maternidade Monteiro de Morais (CISAM-UPE, em Recife, no período de outubro de 2003 a fevereiro de 2004. Participaram do estudo 123 gestantes com idade gestacional e > 37 semanas, índice de Bishop PURPOSE: to compare the effectiveness and safety of sublingual misoprostol (25 µg versus vaginal misoprostol (25 µg (Prostokos® for labor induction with gestational age > 37 weeks and unripe cervices. METHODS: a randomized controlled clinical trial was performed at the Maternidade Monteiro de Morais (CISAM-UPE, in Recife - PE, Brazil, from October 2003 to February 2004. One hundred and twenty-three women with gestational age > 37 weeks, Bishop score <8, not in labor and with medical indication for interruption of pregnancy were included in this study. The women received randomly 25 µg sublingual misoprostol or 25 µg vaginal misoprostol every 6 h, not exceeding eight doses. In order to evaluate the differences between the groups, means, standard deviations, Student's t-test, c² trend and Mann-Whitney test were used. The statistical significance was considered to be 5%. RESULTS: there were no significant differences between the number of women with vaginal delivery in the sublingual group as compared with the vaginal group (65.5 vs 75.8%, p<0.22, or in the interval of time between the induction onset and delivery (24 h and 42 min vs 20 h and 37 min respectively, p=0.11. The two groups, sublingual and vaginal, also did not differ as to the hyperstimulation syndrome (1.7 vs 3.2%, p=0.95, meconium incidence (5.2 vs 4.8%, p=0.74, Apgar score <7 at 5 min (3.4 vs 4.8%, p=0.98 and other adverse effects. CONCLUSION: twenty-five micrograms of

Hjertestop induceret af vasospastisk angina pectoris efter vaginalt administreret misoprostol

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Matthesen, Terese; Olsen, Rasmus Huan; Bosselmann, Helle Skovmand

2017-01-01

A 41-year-old woman developed cardiac arrest after administration of misoprostol in order to induce an abortion. She was successfully resuscitated. Coronary angiography revealed coronary artery spasm which responded to nitroglycerine. Misoprostol is first-line treatment for medically induced abor...

Avaliação de riscos teratogênicos em gestações expostas ao misoprostol Evaluation of the teratogenic risks in gestations exposed to misoprostol

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Emérita Sátiro Opaleye

2010-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: a tentativa de aborto mal sucedida com o uso do misoprostol (Cytotec® sem indicação médica tem sido associada a malformações congênitas. Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar, em recém-nascidos malformados e controles normais, a frequência de exposição ao misoprostol e o espectro de malformações associadas. MÉTODOS: estudo de caso-controle desenvolvido em 2005 nas quatro principais maternidades públicas de Fortaleza (CE. Através de busca ativa diária, foram identificados recém-nascidos com diagnóstico de malformação fetal (caso e controles saudáveis de mesmo sexo nascidos em seguida na mesma maternidade (pareamento 1:1. A amostra foi de 252 parturientes entrevistadas por equipe treinada utilizando questionário estruturado com base no Estudo Colaborativo Latino-Americano de Malformações Congênitas (ECLAMC. Além de abordar questões sociodemográficas e histórico familiar de malformação, o questionário objetivou identificar exposições diversas durante a gestação, incluindo o misoprostol. A análise bivariada com teste do χ2 comparou os grupos quanto às características e fatores associados à malformação e foi calculada a Odds Ratio para verificar a razão de chances de o Grupo Caso apresentar malformação em relação ao Grupo Controle com relação à exposição ao misoprostol. RESULTADOS: não houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos caso e controle quanto à maioria dos fatores de riscos investigados para malformações. O relato de tentativa de aborto foi de 6,8%, havendo uma maior exposição ao misoprostol durante a gestação em neonatos malformados comparados a saudáveis, Odds Ratio (OR=3,65 (IC95%=0,74-17,91. O espectro de malformações encontradas entre os recém-nascidos expostos ao misoprostol foi compatível com a literatura, como os decorrentes de defeitos do tubo neural e disrupção vascular. CONCLUSÕES: os achados deste estudo, apesar de não apresentarem signific

Knowledge and provision of misoprostol among pharmacy workers in Senegal: a cross sectional study.

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Reiss, Kate; Footman, Katharine; Burke, Eva; Diop, Nafissatou; Ndao, Ramatoulaye; Mane, Babacar; van Min, Maaike; Ngo, Thoai D

2017-07-03

Making misoprostol widely available for management of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) and post abortion care (PAC) is essential for reducing maternal mortality. Private pharmacies (thereafter called "pharmacies") are integral in supplying medications to the general public in Senegal. In the case of misoprostol, pharmacies are also the main supplier to public providers and therefore have a key role in increasing its availability. This study seeks to understand knowledge and provision of misoprostol among pharmacy workers in Dakar, Senegal. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Dakar, Senegal. 110 pharmacy workers were interviewed face-to-face to collect information on their knowledge and practice relating to the provision of misoprostol. There are low levels of knowledge about misoprostol uses, registration status, treatment regimens and side effects among pharmacy workers, and corresponding low levels of training on its uses for reproductive health. Provision of misoprostol was low; of the 72% (n = 79) of pharmacy workers who had heard of the product, 35% (n = 27) reported selling it, though rarely for reproductive health indications. Almost half (49%, n = 25) of the respondents who did not sell misoprostol expressed willingness to do so. The main reasons pharmacy workers gave for not selling the product included stock outs (due to product unavailability from the supplier), perceived lack of demand and unwillingness to stock an abortifacient. Knowledge and availability of misoprostol in pharmacies in Senegal is low, posing potential challenges for delivery of post-abortion care and obstetric care. Training is required to address low levels of knowledge of misoprostol registration and uses among pharmacy workers. Barriers that prevent pharmacy workers from stocking misoprostol, including weaknesses in the supply chain and stigmatisation of the product must be addressed. Low reported sales for reproductive health indications also suggest limited prescribing of

ROLE OF 400 MCG INTRAOPERATIVE SUBLINGUAL MISOPROSTOL FOR REDUCTION OF CAESAREAN BLOOD LOSS

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Lalmohan Nayak

2017-02-01

Full Text Available BACKGROUND Lower segment caesarean section is a common surgical procedure. Postpartum haemorrhage incidence after LSCS is 4%. Misoprostol is a prostaglandin E1 analogue with good uterotonic properties, easy availability, low cost, thermostability, long shelf life, easy administration and few adverse effects at therapeutic dose. It is readily absorbed by oral, sublingual, buccal, vaginal or rectal route. Sublingual route attains quickest concentration. Dose of 400 mcg was chosen in this study to minimise adverse effects with optimal therapeutic benefit. The aim of the study is to determine the efficacy of sublingual misoprostol in reducing caesarean blood loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS It is a prospective experimental study done in VSSIMSAR, Burla. Women undergoing LSCS were randomly assigned to study and control groups of equal strength of 100 each. In all cases, preoperative Hb%, haematocrit, pulse, BP was noted. Study group were given 400 mcg misoprostol at the time of cord clamping. In control group, nothing was given. In all patients, active management of third stage of labour was done by using oxytocin 10 IU (IV along with uterine massage. Blood loss soaked by tetra was calculated using formula, blood loss = wet weight-dry weight/1.05 (1.05 is constant. Amount of blood loss, postoperative Hb%, haematocrit, pulse rate, BP was noted in both groups and compared. BP and pulse were noted after 1 hour and Hb%, haematocrit were noted after 24 hours. RESULTS Study group showed significant decrease in total blood loss (around 117.9 mL as compared to control group. There was significant decrease in the postoperative fall in Hb in the study group as compared to control, the mean difference being 0.631 gm%. Study group also showed decrease in postoperative fall in haematocrit as compared to control, the mean difference being 0.055. CONCLUSION Misoprostol significantly reduced caesarean blood loss and doesn’t affect foetal outcome without significant

[Vaginal misoprostol in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage].

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Quiroga Díaz, Ricardo; Esparza Arechiga, Miguel; Batiza Reséndiz, Víctor; Coronado López, Oscar; Hernández Ayup, Samuel; Martínez Cuervo, Jesús

2002-11-01

To show the advantages of the use of vaginal misoprostol, a prostaglandine E1 analogue, in the prevention of the post-partum haemorrhage. This was a prospective, observational, comparative study. The study included 400 patients with high risk of postpartum haemorrhage at our center between January 1999 and may 2001. Patients were divided in two groups. In group I (208 patients) misoprostol was used in a dose of 800 ugr and in group II (192 patients) in whom misoprostol was not used. Both groups were treated initially with our conventional oxytocin protocol. We evaluated the use of additional oxytocin or ergotamine, haemoglobin levels pre and post-partum, the amount of blood loss, and the need for blood transfusion or hysterectomy. The need for additional oxytocin or ergotamine was reduced to less than 10% in group I when compared to group II; the drop in haemoglobin levels and the amount of blood loss were also less in group I (p: 0.03). In this group only one patient needed for blood transfusion and no patient needed hysterectomy. In group II six patients need a blood transfusion and there was the need for two hysterectomies. The use of vaginal misoprostol is effective to control the postpartum bleeding, reducing the blood loss after birth in women with high risk of post-partum haemorrhage as well as the need for blood transfusion. It's use has mild side effects and is of low cost.

Use of misoprostol for induction of labour in unvaorable cervix in eclampsia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nahar, S.; Begum, S.; Yansur, S.; Rasul, C.H.

2004-01-01

Objective: To find out safety and efficiency of Misoprostol in cervical ripening and induction of labour to achieve vaginal delivery. Results: From Misoprostol insertion to delivery time was 4-24 hours. Vaginal delivery was achieved in 80.2%, which included spontaneous, forceps and vacuum extraction. Caesarean section rate was 19.7%. Indications for C. Section included Misoprostol unresponsiveness 11% and fetal distress in 8.6%. Oxytocin augmentation was required in 32% of cases. Term babies were 58%. Intrauterine death and neonatal deaths were 9.8% and 8.6% respectively. Hyper stimulation and postpartum haemorrhage was seen in 2.4% and 3.7% of patients respectively. Conclusion: intravaginal Misoprostol is well tolerated and is very effective for the induction of labour in eclampsia. It helps vaginal delivery in toxemic patients, reduces maternal morbidity, mortality and hospital stay. (author)

How often and under which circumstances do Mexican pharmacy vendors recommend misoprostol to induce an abortion?

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Lara, Diana; García, Sandra G; Wilson, Kate S; Paz, Francisco

2011-06-01

Misoprostol was used by women across Mexico to induce abortion even before 2007, when first-trimester abortion was legalized in Mexico City. Pharmacy vendors' misoprostol recommendation practices across subregions of Mexico after abortion legalization warrant examination. Overall, 192 pharmacies in four regions of Mexico were randomly selected and visited by simulated clients presenting three scenarios (a young woman, an adult woman and a male partner). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to explore associations between pharmacy, vendor and client characteristics and drug access. In 558 encounters with simulated clients, 78% of vendors provided information about misoprostol-18% recommended it spontaneously and 60% recommended it only after the client asked specifically for the drug. Fifteen percent of vendors recommended a potentially effective misoprostol dosing regimen. Mexico City-based pharmacies and those in the Central region were significantly less likely than those in the North region to require a prescription to sell misoprostol (odds ratios, 0.2 and 0.3, respectively). Independent pharmacies and those from low-?income areas were significantly more likely to sell misoprostol by the pill than chain pharmacies and those in medium-income areas (3.2 and 2.7, respectively). Access to misoprostol is influenced by neighborhood socioeconomic level, pharmacy location and pharmacy type. The frequently inaccurate and incomplete information provided to clients about using misoprostol for abortion suggests the need to improve pharmacy vendor training in medication abortion options and to develop ways to directly inform women about misoprostol use.

Knowledge, acceptability, and use of misoprostol for preventing postpartum hemorrhage following home births in rural Ethiopia.

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Gebre, Betemariam; Taddese, Zinaw; Deribe, Kebede; Legesse, Tsigereda; Omar, Meftuh; Biadgilign, Sibhatu

2016-07-01

To assess knowledge of, and intentions to use misoprostol to preventing postpartum hemorrhage by women in a pastoralist community of the Somali Region of Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study enrolled women aged 15-49years living in Adadle district, Ethiopia, between April 26 and May 3, 2012. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on participants' knowledge of misoprostol and if they had any intention to use it in the future. Participants also detailed their preferred healthcare provider for administering misoprostol. A total of 829 women were enrolled in the study. Among the participants, 42 (5.1%) had knowledge of misoprostol and 302 (36.4%) described themselves as being willing to use misoprostol in the future. Among respondents who were willing to use misoprostol in the future, traditional birth attendants were the preferred healthcare practitioners to administer it. Awareness of misoprostol was low in the study sample but willingness to use the drug was somewhat higher. Raising awareness and knowledge among communities and traditional birth attendants regarding the advantages of misoprostol is crucial to enhance uptake and reduce the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage. Copyright © 2016 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Indução do Parto com Misoprostol: Comparação entre duas Doses Labor Induction with Misoprostol: Comparison of Two Dose Regimens

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Dimas Augusto Carvalho de Araújo

1999-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: comparar a eficácia e segurança entre duas doses de misoprostol administradas por via vaginal para amadurecimento cervical e indução do parto. Pacientes e Métodos: sessenta e uma pacientes com indicação médica para indução do parto e colo desfavorável foram incluídas neste estudo. Vinte e oito pacientes receberam 25 µg e trinta e três 50 µg de misoprostol, a intervalos de 4 horas, até um período máximo de 24 horas. Resultados: a rotura prematura de membranas, gestação prolongada e doença hipertensiva específica da gestação foram as principais indicações para a indução do parto. O intervalo de tempo, em minutos, entre inserção do misoprostol até o parto vaginal foi similar nos grupos de 25 µg (416,3 ± 148,1 e 50 µg (425 ± 135,9. A porcentagem de parto vaginal foi de 82,2% e 81,9% nos grupos de 25 e 50 µg, respectivamente. Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos no que se refere a complicações maternas e fetais. Conclusões: a administração de misoprostol por via vaginal mostrou-se um método eficiente e seguro para o amadurecimento cervical e indução do parto. A dose de 25 µg mostrou ter eficácia e segurança comparável à de 50 µg.Purpose: to compare the efficacy and safety between two doses of intravaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening and induction of labor. Patients and Methods: sixty-one patients with medical indication for induction of labor and unfavorable cervix were included in this study. Twenty-eight of them received 25 µg and thirty-three 50 µg misoprostol, every four hours until delivery. Results: premature rupture of membranes, prolonged gestation and preeclampsia were the main indications for labor induction. The time interval, in minutes, from insertion of misoprostol until delivery was similar for the 25 µg (416.3 ± 148.1 and 50 µg (425.0 ± 135.9 groups. The percentage of vaginal delivery was 82.2% and 81.9% in the groups of 25µg and 50 µg

The Use of Misoprostol for Induction of Labour in a Low-Resource ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

) responded very well to misoprostol, with majority requiring only a single 50µg dose to go into active labour. Women with sickle cell disease showed no adverse effect to misoprostol responded in a manner similar to the normal population.

Comparison of manual vacuum aspiration and misoprostol in the management of incomplete abortion

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Gabkika Bray Madoue

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Background: Incomplete abortions can be managed expectantly, surgically and medically (using misoprostol. Expectant management is safe in places where women have access to information, appropriate care and follow-up; however, in isolated and poor areas women who come for help need an intervention. Objective: To compare the efficiency of manual vacuum aspiration (MVA and misoprostol in the treatment of incomplete abortion. Patients and method: This was a prospective study over five months from March to August 2015. All patients admitted with a diagnosis of incomplete abortion were recruited into the study. Results: 308 patients with incomplete abortion were randomized into two treatment groups - MVA (done under local anaesthesia and misoprostol (400 micrograms by the vaginal route. MVA was successfully performed for all patients. Two patients presented with anaemia. In the misoprostol group, 23 patients had vaginal bleeding, and 10 persistence of incomplete abortion. Conclusion: MVA is more effective than misoprostol with less complications in the treatment of incomplete abortion when it is done by a trained person.

Induction o.t labour with intravaginal misoprostol in the second and ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

the discretion of the labour ward staff, oxytocin was used to augment labour. Otherwise, an intravenous drip was not routinely inserted. If the patient was not in labour within 12 hours of receiving the last dose of misoprostol, the treatment was considered a failure. Objective. To confirm the effectiveness of misoprostol as a.

A randomised controlled trial of sublingual misoprostol and intramuscular oxytocin for prevention of postpartum haemorrhage.

Science.gov (United States)

Al-Sawaf, A; El-Mazny, A; Shohayeb, A

2013-04-01

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and side-effects of 200 μg sublingual misoprostol vs 5 IU i.m. oxytocin, administered immediately following cord clamping in normal non-augmented vaginal delivery, in prevention of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). A total of 104 women were randomised into three groups: misoprostol group (28 patients); oxytocin group (37 patients) and control group (39 patients). Misoprostol and oxytocin significantly minimised the blood loss during the third stage of labour and reduced the need for additional treatments for PPH as compared with the control group. Oxytocin was more effective than misoprostol in minimising blood loss and the need for additional uterotonic treatments. However, a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, associated with tachycardia was observed in the oxytocin group. In conclusion, sublingual misoprostol appears to be less effective than i.m. oxytocin in the prevention of PPH; however, it has the potential advantages of being easily used, cost-effective and stable at room temperature. Therefore, sublingual misoprostol is still a feasible drug for routine management of third stage, especially in areas with limited medical facilities.

Exploring the feasibility of obtaining mifepristone and misoprostol from the internet.

Science.gov (United States)

Murtagh, Chloe; Wells, Elisa; Raymond, Elizabeth G; Coeytaux, Francine; Winikoff, Beverly

2018-04-01

We aimed to document the experience of buying abortion pills from online vendors that do not require a prescription and to evaluate the active ingredient content of the pills received. We searched the internet to identify a convenience sample of websites that sold mifepristone and misoprostol to purchasers in the United States and attempted to order these products. We documented price, shipping time and other aspects of ordering. We sent the samples received to a testing laboratory that measured the amount of active ingredient in individual tablets. We identified 18 websites and ordered 22 products: 20 mifepristone-misoprostol combination products and 2 that contained only misoprostol. We received 18 combination products and the 2 misoprostol products from 16 different sites. No site required a prescription or any relevant medical information. The time between order and receipt of the 20 products ranged from 3 to 21 business days (median 9.5 days). The price for the 18 combination products ranged from $110 to $360, including shipping and fees; the products without mifepristone cost less. Chemical assays found that the 18 tablets labeled 200 mg mifepristone contained between 184.3 mg and 204.1 mg mifepristone, while the 20 tablets labeled 200 mcg misoprostol contained between 34.1 mcg and 201.4 mcg of the active ingredient. Obtaining abortion medications from online pharmaceutical websites is feasible in the United States. The mifepristone tablets received contained within 8% of the labeled amount of active agent. The misoprostol tablets all contained that compound but usually less than labeled. Given our findings, we expect that some people for whom clinic-based abortion is not easily available or acceptable may consider self-sourcing pills from the internet to be a rational option. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The continuing problem with misoprostol

African Journals Online (AJOL)

discovered additional benefit, it is predominantly a psychotropic agent for the treatment of psychotic delusions in schizophrenia. Misoprostol can be used in low doses to soften the cervix to allow instrumentation for suction evacuation of the uterus in termination or incomplete miscarriage, or to soften the cervix prior.

Advance distribution of misoprostol for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) at home births in two districts of Liberia

Science.gov (United States)

2014-01-01

Background A postpartum hemorrhage prevention program to increase uterotonic coverage for home and facility births was introduced in two districts of Liberia. Advance distribution of misoprostol was offered during antenatal care (ANC) and home visits. Feasibility, acceptability, effectiveness of distribution mechanisms and uterotonic coverage were evaluated. Methods Eight facilities were strengthened to provide PPH prevention with oxytocin, PPH management and advance distribution of misoprostol during ANC. Trained traditional midwives (TTMs) as volunteer community health workers (CHWs) provided education to pregnant women, and district reproductive health supervisors (DRHSs) distributed misoprostol during home visits. Data were collected through facility and DRHS registers. Postpartum interviews were conducted with a sample of 550 women who received advance distribution of misoprostol on place of delivery, knowledge, misoprostol use, and satisfaction. Results There were 1826 estimated deliveries during the seven-month implementation period. A total of 980 women (53.7%) were enrolled and provided misoprostol, primarily through ANC (78.2%). Uterotonic coverage rate of all deliveries was 53.5%, based on 97.7% oxytocin use at recorded facility vaginal births and 24.9% misoprostol use at home births. Among 550 women interviewed postpartum, 87.7% of those who received misoprostol and had a home birth took the drug. Sixty-three percent (63.0%) took it at the correct time, and 54.0% experienced at least one minor side effect. No serious adverse events reported among enrolled women. Facility-based deliveries appeared to increase during the program. Conclusions The program was moderately effective at achieving high uterotonic coverage of all births. Coverage of home births was low despite the use of two channels of advance distribution of misoprostol. Although ANC reached a greater proportion of women in late pregnancy than home visits, 46.3% of expected deliveries did not

Advance distribution of misoprostol for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) at home births in two districts of Liberia.

Science.gov (United States)

Smith, Jeffrey Michael; Baawo, Saye Dahn; Subah, Marion; Sirtor-Gbassie, Varwo; Howe, Cuallau Jabbeh; Ishola, Gbenga; Tehoungue, Bentoe Z; Dwivedi, Vikas

2014-06-04

A postpartum hemorrhage prevention program to increase uterotonic coverage for home and facility births was introduced in two districts of Liberia. Advance distribution of misoprostol was offered during antenatal care (ANC) and home visits. Feasibility, acceptability, effectiveness of distribution mechanisms and uterotonic coverage were evaluated. Eight facilities were strengthened to provide PPH prevention with oxytocin, PPH management and advance distribution of misoprostol during ANC. Trained traditional midwives (TTMs) as volunteer community health workers (CHWs) provided education to pregnant women, and district reproductive health supervisors (DRHSs) distributed misoprostol during home visits. Data were collected through facility and DRHS registers. Postpartum interviews were conducted with a sample of 550 women who received advance distribution of misoprostol on place of delivery, knowledge, misoprostol use, and satisfaction. There were 1826 estimated deliveries during the seven-month implementation period. A total of 980 women (53.7%) were enrolled and provided misoprostol, primarily through ANC (78.2%). Uterotonic coverage rate of all deliveries was 53.5%, based on 97.7% oxytocin use at recorded facility vaginal births and 24.9% misoprostol use at home births. Among 550 women interviewed postpartum, 87.7% of those who received misoprostol and had a home birth took the drug. Sixty-three percent (63.0%) took it at the correct time, and 54.0% experienced at least one minor side effect. No serious adverse events reported among enrolled women. Facility-based deliveries appeared to increase during the program. The program was moderately effective at achieving high uterotonic coverage of all births. Coverage of home births was low despite the use of two channels of advance distribution of misoprostol. Although ANC reached a greater proportion of women in late pregnancy than home visits, 46.3% of expected deliveries did not receive education or advance

Clinical Effects of Lithospermum Ruderal on Medical Abortion by Mifepristone with Misoprostol

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

法韫玉; 刘建华; 孙桦; 曹爱华

1996-01-01

Early pregnancies (0. 05 ). In all, the medical abortion by mifepristone and Lithospermum Ruderal with misoprostol was even more successful, with less bleeding time. Therefore it is essential to make researches on the auxiliary effects of Lithospermum Ruderal on the medical abortion by mifepristone with misoprostol.

Eficácia de dinoprostone e misoprostol para indução do trabalho de parto em nulíparas Efficacy of dinoprostone and misoprostol for labor induction in nulliparous women

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Tenilson Amaral Oliveira

2011-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: verificar a eficácia e a segurança de dinoprostone e misoprostol para indução do parto vaginal, com ou sem o uso de ocitocina em nulíparas. MÉTODOS: realizou-se estudo retrospectivo, observacional, envolvendo 238 pacientes que foram submetidas à indução do parto de janeiro de 2008 a fevereiro de 2010 com uso de misoprostol 25 mcg via vaginal ou pessário contendo 10 mg de dinoprostone. Desse grupo, foram selecionadas 184 pacientes, que apresentavam as seguintes características: nulíparas, gestação entre 37 e 42 semanas, feto único, apresentação cefálica, membranas íntegras e índice de Bishop PURPOSE: to determine the efficacy and safety of dinoprostone and misoprostol for the induction of vaginal childbirth, with or without the use of oxytocin in nulliparous women. METHODS: in this retrospective observational study, 238 patients were subjected to the induction of delivery from January 2008 to February 2010 with the use of misoprostol 25 mcg by the vaginal route or a pessary containing 10 mg of dinoprostone. A total of 184 patients were selected, with the following characteristics: nulliparous, gestational age of 37-42 weeks, singleton pregnancies, cephalic presentation, intact membranes, and Bishop score < 3. Obstetric and neonatal data were analyzed and compared between groups. The Student t-test, chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used for statistical analysis, with the level of significance set at p<0.05. RESULTS: the rate of vaginal childbirth did not differ significantly in patients who used misoprostol and dinoprostone (43.2% versus 50%; p = 0.35, respectively. The ripening of cervix was higher in the group treated with misoprostol (87.3% versus 75.6%, p=0.04. The use of oxytocin was necessary in 58.8% of the misoprostol group and 57.3% in the dinoprostone group after the ripening of cervix. Failed induction was the primary indication of caesarean section delivery in both groups, with no significant

Misoprostol use under routine conditions for termination of pregnancies with intrauterine fetal death

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Maria Isabel do Nascimento

2013-08-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To analyze the misoprostol use in pregnancies with intrauterine fetal death (IUFD, considering mode of delivery and induction-delivery interval. METHODS: Descriptive study including 171 pregnant women with IUFD, in the second or third trimester, submitted to labor induction with vaginal misoprostol and/or induction/augmentation with intravenous oxytocin, from 2005 to 2008, at a teaching-hospital of the Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde -SUS. RESULTS: Misoprostol alone (treatment A, misoprostol plus oxytocin (treatment B, and oxytocin alone (treatment C were administered in 9.3%, 19.9%, and 70.8% of the cases, respectively. One-third of pregnancies were less than 28 weeks, and 2.9% required a caesarean section. The percentage of vaginal delivery in treatments A and B combined (98.0% was similar to treatment C (96.7%. The mean induction-delivery interval was 15.4 hours. Comparing multiple groups, the mean induction-delivery interval was significantly shorter in treatment A (20.1 hours than in treatment B (33.3 hours, and was longer than in treatment C (9.7 hours. The majority (71% of cases required a single administration of misoprostol, and the total dosage was lower in treatment A (mean: 98.4 µg compared with treatment B (mean: 157.0 µg. CONCLUSION: Misoprostol effectively contributed to delivery of IUFD by vaginal route assisted under routine conditions of a public health service in Brazil, demonstrating its importance in cases resistant to usual induction methods, and its availability in Brazilian public health services is recommended.

Effectiveness of Misoprostol for Induction of First-Trimester Miscarriages; Experience at a single tertiary care centre in Oman

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Qamariya Ambusaidi

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Objectives: Non-invasive methods of inducing a miscarriage are now considered an effective alternative to surgical evacuation (dilatation and curettage. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of misoprostol in the termination of first-trimester miscarriages. Methods: This prospective study was conducted between October 2009 and September 2010 and assessed all patients admitted to the Royal Hospital in Muscat, Oman, for the termination of first-trimester miscarriages during the study period. All patients received misoprostol and the rates of successful termination were measured. Patient satisfaction was assessed using a short questionnaire. Results: A total of 290 women were included in the study. Termination with misoprostol was successful in 61.38% of the subjects. Of the remaining subjects requiring additional surgical evacuation (n = 112, 58.93% required evacuation due to failed termination with misoprostol and 65.18% underwent early evacuation (≤24 hours since their last misoprostol dose. The majority of patients experienced no side-effects due to misoprostol (89.66%. Pain was controlled with simple analgesics in 70.00% of the subjects. A high satisfaction rate (94.83% with the misoprostol treatment was reported. Conclusion: Misoprostol was a well-tolerated drug which reduced the rate of surgical evacuation among the study subjects. This medication can therefore be used safely in the management of incomplete miscarriages.

Titrated Misoprostol Versus Dinoprostone for Labor Induction

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Aim: This study designed to compare titrated misoprostol regarding its safety and efficacy with dinoprostone for induction of labor. ... Statistical analysis done using Student's t-test for quantitative data and ..... induction: A pilot study. Rev Bras ...

Community-based distribution of misoprostol to prevent postpartum haemorrhage at home births: results from operations research in rural Ghana.

Science.gov (United States)

Geller, S; Carnahan, L; Akosah, E; Asare, G; Agyemang, R; Dickson, R; Kapungu, C; Owusu-Ansah, L; Robinson, N; Mensah-Homiah, J

2014-02-01

To report on a rigorous distribution and monitoring plan to track misoprostol for community-based distribution to reduce postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) in rural Ghana. Operations research. Rural Ghana. Women in third trimester of pregnancy presenting to primary health centres (PHCs) for antenatal care (ANC). Ghana Health Service (GHS), Millennium Village Projects, and the University of Illinois at Chicago conducted an operations research study designed to assess the safety, feasibility, and acceptability of community-based distribution of misoprostol to prevent PPH at home deliveries in rural Ghana. One thousand doses (3000 tablets, 200 μg each) were obtained from the Family Health Division of GHS. Three 200-μg tablets of misoprostol (600 μg) in foil packets were packaged together in secured transparent plastic packets labelled with pictorial messages and distributed to midwives at seven PHCs for distribution to pregnant women. Correct use of misoprostol in home deliveries and retrieval of unused misoprostol doses, PPH rates and maternal mortality. Of the 999 doses distributed to midwives, 982 (98.3%) were successfully tracked, with a 1.7% lost to follow-up rate. Midwives distributed 654 doses to women at third-trimester ANC visits. Of women who had misoprostol to use at home, 81% had an institutional delivery and were able to return the misoprostol safely to the midwife. Of the women that used misoprostol, 99% used the misoprostol correctly. This study clearly demonstrates that misoprostol distributed antenatally to pregnant women can be used accurately and reliably by rural Ghanaian women, and should be considered for policy implementation across Ghana and other countries with high home birth rates and maternal mortality ratios. © 2013 Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.

Early medical abortion with methotrexate and misoprostol.

Science.gov (United States)

Borgatta, L; Burnhill, M S; Tyson, J; Leonhardt, K K; Hausknecht, R U; Haskell, S

2001-01-01

To evaluate the introduction of an early medical abortion program with methotrexate and misoprostol, using a standardized protocol. A total of 1973 women at 34 Planned Parenthood sites participated in a case series of early medical abortion. Ultrasound was used to confirm gestational age of less than 49 days from the first day of the last menstrual period. Women were given intramuscular methotrexate 50 mg/m(2) of body surface area on day 1, and then they inserted misoprostol 800 microg vaginally at home on day 5, 6, or 7. Women were advised to have a suction curettage if the pregnancy appeared viable 2 weeks after methotrexate or if any gestational sac persisted 4 weeks after methotrexate. Outcomes were complete medical abortion and suction curettage. Sixteen hundred fifty-nine women (84.1%) had a complete medical abortion, and 257 (13.0%) had suction curettage. The most common reason for curettage was patient option (8.9%). At 2 weeks after methotrexate use, 1.4% of women had curettage because of a viable pregnancy; at 4 weeks, 1.6% of women had curettage because of a persistent but nonviable pregnancy. One percent of women had curettage because of physician recommendation, most commonly for bleeding. Suction curettage rates decreased with site experience (P <.006) and were lower at early gestational ages (P <.004) and in nulliparous women (P <.004). Medical abortion with methotrexate and misoprostol is safe and effective and can be offered in a community setting.

Uso do misoprostol em substituição à curetagem uterina em gestações interrompidas precocemente Misoprostol in substitution at uterine curettage in early pregnancy failure

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Francisco Carlos Nogueira Arcanjo

2011-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a eficácia do misoprostol administrado via vaginal para esvaziamento uterino em gestações interrompidas precocemente, bem como o tempo entre a administração e o esvaziamento, correlacionando-os com a idade gestacional. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico com 41 pacientes com gestações interrompidas entre a 7ª e a 12ª semanas gestacionais, com média de idade de 27,3 (±6,1 anos. A paridade média foi de 2,2 (±1,2 partos; o número médio de abortamentos prévios foi 0,2 (±0,5. Foram administrados 800 µg de misoprostol via vaginal, em dose única; após 24 horas, foi realizado ultrassom transvaginal. Considerou-se abortamento completo quando o diâmetro anteroposterior da cavidade endometrial media 8 semanas de idade gestacional em relação aos desfechos: frequência de abortamento completo e intervalo entre administração de misoprostol e o abortamento (em minutos. O nível de significância utilizado foi de 5%. RESULTADOS: A idade gestacional, no momento do diagnóstico, foi de 8,5 semanas em média (DP=1,5. Os intervalos entre a administração de misoprostol e as contrações uterinas, e entre a administração e o abortamento, foram de 322,5±97,0 min e 772,5±201,0 min, respectivamente. Houve abortamento completo em 80,3%. No primeiro grupo, a taxa de sucesso foi de 96,2% e no segundo, de 53,3% (pPURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of misoprostol administered vaginally for uterine evacuation in interrupted early pregnancies and the time between the administration and emptying correlated with gestational age. METHODS: Clinical trial with 41 patients with pregnancies interrupted between the 7th and the 12th gestational weeks. The mean age was 27.3 (±6.1 years. Mean parity was 2.2 (±1.2 deliveries. The average number of previous abortions was 0.2 (± 0.5. Misoprostol was administered vaginally in a single 800 µg dose and transvaginal ultrasound was performed after 24 hours. Abortion was considered complete when the

Misoprostol, an anti-ulcer agent and PGE2 receptor agonist, protects against cerebral ischemia.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Jun; Liang, Xibin; Wang, Qian; Breyer, Richard M; McCullough, Louise; Andreasson, Katrin

2008-06-20

Induction of COX-2 activity in cerebral ischemia results in increased neuronal injury and infarct size. Recent studies investigating neurotoxic mechanisms of COX-2 demonstrate both toxic and paradoxically protective effects of downstream prostaglandin receptor signaling pathways. We tested whether misoprostol, a PGE(2) receptor agonist that is utilized clinically as an anti-ulcer agent and signals through the protective PGE(2) EP2, EP3, and EP4 receptors, would reduce brain injury in the murine middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion (MCAO-RP) model. Administration of misoprostol, at the time of MCAO or 2h after MCAO, resulted in significant rescue of infarct volume at 24 and 72h. Immunocytochemistry demonstrated dynamic regulation of the EP2 and EP4 receptors during reperfusion in neurons and endothelial cells of cerebral cortex and striatum, with limited expression of EP3 receptor. EP3-/- mice had no significant changes in infarct volume compared to control littermates. Moreover, administration of misoprostol to EP3+/+ and EP3-/- mice showed similar levels of infarct rescue, indicating that misoprostol protection was not mediated through the EP3 receptor. Taken together, these findings suggest a novel function for misoprostol as a protective agent in cerebral ischemia acting via the PGE(2) EP2 and/or EP4 receptors.

Clinical indicators for success of misoprostol treatment after early pregnancy failure.

Science.gov (United States)

Robledo, C; Zhang, J; Troendle, J; Barnhart, K; Creinin, M D; Westhoff, C; Huang, X; Frederick, M

2007-10-01

To identify clinical indicators for success of misoprostol treatment after early pregnancy failure. A total of 473 women with early pregnancy failure received 800 microg of vaginal misoprostol on treatment day 1. At the follow-up visit on day 3, a second dose was given if expulsion was incomplete. On day 8, vacuum aspiration was offered if expulsion had not occurred. Ultrasonography was used as gold standard for success. A Classification and Regression Tree analysis was undertaken to derive two decision trees for the success of misoprostol treatment on study days 3 and 8. Heavy bleeding after the first dose and an open cervical os were identified as clinical indicators of treatment success on day 3. Treatment success occurred in 84% of women with either or both indicators. Reporting passage of tissue after a second misoprostol dose and old blood in the vagina were potential indicators of treatment success or failure on day 8. A woman with either of these indicators has a 65% chance of treatment success after the second dose. Conversely, a woman with neither indicator on day 8 has a 94% chance of treatment failure. Standard clinical findings may be useful as indicators for success or failure of medical management of early pregnancy failure in settings with limited or no access to ultrasonography. More research to identify even better indicators is warranted.

Comparison of gemeprost and vaginal misoprostol in first trimester mifepristone-induced abortion

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Svendsen, Pernille Fog; Rørbye, Christina; Vejborg, Thomas

2005-01-01

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare efficacy and side effects of gemeprost and vaginal misoprostol in mifepristone-induced abortions in women up to 63 days of gestation. Methods A retrospective study of 833 consecutive patients admitted for medical termination of first......, gemeprost and vaginal misoprostol are equally effective for termination of first trimester abortion, but may be associated with varying intensity of side effects....

Exposure to misoprostol and hormones during pregnancy and risk of congenital anomalies Exposição ao misoprostol e hormônios durante a gravidez e risco de anomalia congênita

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Tatiane da Silva Dal Pizzol

2008-06-01

Full Text Available This study evaluated the association between use of misoprostol and other drugs to induce menstruation, and congenital anomalies. A sample of 4,856 pregnant women 20 years and older were enrolled consecutively in prenatal services in the Unified National Health System, in six Brazilian State capitals. Data on socio-demographics and use of medicines were obtained using an interview from the 21st to 28th week of pregnancy. Other data, including information on delivery and diagnosis of congenital anomalies by the attending neonatal physician were obtained from patient charts. Potential confounders were adjusted by logistic regression. Use of drugs to induce menstruation was reported by 707 women (14.6%, of whom 120 (17% reported use of misoprostol. After adjusting for the study center, a positive association was observed between misoprostol and congenital anomalies (OR = 2.64; 95%CI: 1.03-6.75; a positive association was also observed for sex hormones (OR = 2.24; 95%CI: 1.06-4.74. The results suggest that the use of misoprostol or sex hormones during pregnancy increases the risk of congenital anomalies.Este estudo avalia a associação do uso do misoprostol e de outros produtos utilizados para induzir a menstruação com anomalia congênita. Foram arroladas consecutivamente 4.856 mulheres com vinte anos de idade ou mais, procedentes de serviços de pré-natal do Sistema Único de Saúde em seis capitais brasileiras. Dados sócio-demográficos e o uso de medicamentos foram obtidos por meio de entrevista, entre a 21ª e a 28ª semanas de gestação. Outros dados, incluindo informações sobre o parto e o diagnóstico de anomalia congênita, realizado pelo médico que assistiu o recém-nascido, foram obtidos no prontuário. Potenciais confundidores foram ajustados por meio de regressão logística. O uso de produtos para induzir a menstruação foi relatado por 707 gestantes (14,6%, das quais 120 (17% referiram-se ao misoprostol. Após ajustamento

Misoprostol en la inducción del parto. Experiencias en el Queen Elizabeth II Hospital de Maseru, Lesotho Misoprostol (Cytotec for artificial delivery. Experiences at Queen Elizabeth II Hospital from Maseru, Lesotho*

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Viviana Pascual López

2011-04-01

Full Text Available La inducción del parto con misoprostol es un procedimiento médico reconocido por la Organización Mundial de la Salud como práctica clínica beneficiosa para la madre y el perinato y, por ello, los autores de este trabajo se propusieron sistematizar su aplicación por vía vaginal, en dosis de 50 µg (máxima de 200 µg e intervalos de 4 horas, en gestantes seleccionadas (n= 468 con criterio de interrupción médica del embarazo, ingresadas y tratadas en el Hospital Queen Elizabeth II -- institución de referencia nacional -- de Maseru, capital de Lesotho. Se considera que las experiencias y resultados obtenidos pueden ser de apreciable utilidad para los colegas que en circunstancias y condiciones similares, brinden atención médica internacionalista, puesto que la inducción del parto con ese producto fue altamente efectiva, por cuanto disminuyó el índice de cesáreas; mostró muy buen pronóstico de vida y salud, según puntaje de Apgar al quinto minuto, morbilidad y mortalidad del peripato, así como también garantizó que la morbilidad materna se correspondiera con el patrón de la población obstétrica en general y que no se produjeran defunciones.Artificial abortion using Misoprostol is a medical procedure recognized by the World Health Organization as a clinical practice that benefits both the mother and the neonate. That is why the authors of the present work proposed to systematize its vaginal application using doses of 50 µg (200 µg as maximum and time periods of 4 hours in pregnant women (n= 468 who were chosen under the criterion of medical pregnancy interruption and hospitalized and treated at Queen Elizabeth II Hospital -- a national reference institution -- from Maseru, capital of Lesotho. Experiences and results obtained are considered of high usefulness for colleagues who, under similar conditions and circumstances, provide international medical care. Artificial abortion using this product was highly effective; thus

The biomedicalisation of illegal abortion: the double life of misoprostol in Brazil

OpenAIRE

Zordo, Silvia De

2016-01-01

Abstract This paper examines the double life of misoprostol in Brazil, where it is illegally used by women as an abortifacient and legally used in obstetric hospital wards. Based on my doctoral and post-doctoral anthropological research on contraception and abortion in Salvador, Bahia, this paper initially traces the “conversion” of misoprostol from a drug to treat ulcers to a self-administered abortifacient in Latin America, and its later conversion to aneclectic global obstetric tool. It th...

Effectiveness of rectal misoprostol in cessation of Post Partum Haemorrhage

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nasreen, S.; Baqai, S.; Iftikhar, S.

2018-01-01

Objective: To determine the efficacy of rectal misoprostol in management of Post Partum Haemorrhage in third stage of labour. Study Design: Interventional study. Place and Duration of Study: Gynaecology and obstetrics department at PNS Shifa Hospital Karachi, from Sep 2012 to Mar 2013. Material and Methods: All singleton and multiple pregnancies of gestation 37-42 weeks, who presented in labour room to deliver and had prolonged second stage of labour (n=112) were enrolled in the study. Patients, who were having coagulopathy, abruption, placenta previa, and allergy to prostaglandins were excluded from the study. Third stage was managed actively according to hospital standard routine. Hemoglobin was measured at the time of admission and repeated after delivery in patients having PPH. Blood was estimated by weighing all gauzes and packs. If blood loss more than 500ml one hour after delivery and all traumatic causes and retained placenta were excluded, 600 mu g (3 tablets) of misoprostol were given per rectally, which were inserted up to a digit depth. After one hour total amount of blood loss was calculated. The data were then entered in a proforma and analyzed. Results: Majority (44.6%) of the women were 26-33 years of age, 8.9% had PPH with fall in hemoglobin by 1.5-2 gms/dl. Ninety percent of the patients responded to rectal misoprostol. Conclusion: Active management of third stage of labour has a definite role in the preventive of PPH. Rectal administration of misoprostol should be considered for control of PPH in low resource settings like ours as it was found effective in the study. (author)

Clinical Effects of Lithospermum Ruderale Dosage and Using-time on Medicinal Abortion Induced by Mifepris tone and Misoprostol

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

无

2000-01-01

The clinical effects of dosage during the period of treatment of Lithospermum Ruderale extract-a kind of Chinese traditional herbal medicine-on medicinal abor tion induced by mifepristone and misoprostol were studied. Lithospermum Ruderale extract was administrated 3 d before, 3 d after or 3 d before plus 3 d after the admin istration of misoprostol respectively. The dose of Lithospermum Ruderale extract was 50 g, 75 g or 100g respectively. Thus 1 350 women of early pregnancy were grouped into 9 groups and observed. The results showed that the effects of Lithospermum Rud erale used 3 d before, and 3 d before plus 3 d after (6 days misoprostol were signifi cantly better than those only used 3 d after misoprostol both for complete abortion and bleeding (P＜0.05). The dosage between 50 g and l00 g made no significant differ ence in clinical effects. Therefore it is reasonable to use 50 g Lithospermum Ruderale before misoprostol to improve medicinal abortion.

Effectiveness and safety of misoprostol distributed to antenatal women to prevent postpartum haemorrhage after child-births: a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Ononge, Sam; Campbell, Oona M R; Kaharuza, Frank; Lewis, James J; Fielding, Katherine; Mirembe, Florence

2015-11-26

Oral misoprostol, administered by trained health-workers is effective and safe for preventing postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). There is interest in expanding administration of misoprostol by non-health workers, including task-shifting to pregnant women themselves. However, the use of misoprostol for preventing PPH in home-births remains controversial, due to the limited evidence to support self-administration or leaving it in the hands of non-health workers. This study aimed to determine if antenatally distributing misoprostol to pregnant women to self-administer at home birth reduces PPH. Between February 2013 and March 2014, we conducted a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial in six health facilities in Central Uganda. Women at 28+ weeks of gestation attending antenatal care were eligible. Women in the control-arm received the standard-of-care; while the intervention-arm were offered 600 mcg of misoprostol to swallow immediately after birth of baby, when oxytocin was not available. The primary outcome (PPH) was a drop in postpartum maternal haemoglobin (Hb) by ≥ 2 g/dl, lower than the prenatal Hb. Analysis was by intention-to-treat at the cluster level and we used a paired t-tests to assess whether the mean difference between the control and intervention groups was statistically significant. 97% (2466/2545) of eligible women consented to participate; 1430 and 1036 in the control and intervention arms respectively. Two thousand fifty-seven of the participants were successfully followed up and 271 (13.2%) delivered outside a health facility. There was no significant difference between the study group in number of women who received a uterotonic at birth (control 80.4% vs intervention 91.4%, mean difference = -11.0%, 95% confidence interval [CI] -25.7% to 3.6%, p = 0.11). No woman took misoprostol before their baby's birth. Shivering and fever were 14.9% in the control arm compared to 22.2% in the intervention arm (mean difference = -7.2%, 95% CI -11.1% to -3

Misoprostol alone for the termination of Pregnancy

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The use of Misoprostol for ter- mination of pregnancy has been approved by the Medicines Control. Council of South Africa. It is part of the approved protocol for termina- tion of pregnancy in public sector facilities in the Western Cape.1. Reference. 1. Provincial Administration: Western Cape: Termination of Pregnancy (Top):.

Tratamiento antibiótico oral versus intravenosopara la neutropenia febril en pacientes con cáncer

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2014-05-01

Conclusiones de los autores: Según los datos actuales, el tratamiento oral es una opción aceptable al tratamiento con antibióticos intravenosos en los pacientes con cáncer con neutropenia febril (se excluye a los pacientes con leucemia aguda hemodinámicamente estables, sin insuficiencia orgánica y sin neumonía, infección de una vía central o infección grave de partes blandas. El IC amplio en la mortalidad permite el uso actual del tratamiento oral en grupos de pacientes con bajo riesgo de mortalidad esperado y los estudios de investigación adicionales deben tener como objetivo aclarar la definición de pacientes con bajo riesgo.

Comparing the Efficacy and Side Effects of Trans-Cervical Catheter and Vaginal Misoprostol on Cervical Ripening

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F. Mallah

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Background: The success of labor induction is extremely dependent on the state of the cervix. There are various methods available in modern obstetrics practice for ripening the cervix, such as intravaginal prostaglandins and mechanical devices like transcervical catheters. Although plenty of studies have already compared the two methods for the unripened cervices, more studies are warranted in nulliparous patients only. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of intravaginal misoprostol tablets with transcervical Foley catheter for cervical ripening in nulliparous patients. Methods & Materials: In this randomized clinical trial, 120 nulliparous candidates for labor induction were recruited from two teaching centers in Tabriz within a 17-month period of time. All the enrolled cases had a live singleton fetus with cephalic presentation at term (≥37 weeks, on-admission Bishop Score≤4, intact membranes and reactive non-stress test results. They were randomly assigned to two equal age-matched groups receiving either intravaginal misoprostol (25 microgram, n=59, or transcervical insertion of 16F Foley catheter (n=60. Results: One time successful induction (i.e. successful induction after a single insertion of misoprostol, or expulsion of transcervical Foley catheter within 12 h of insertion was achieved in all the patients without employment of other methods such as use of syntocinon. Misoprostol was more effective in terms of induction-to-cervical ripening interval (15.16±3.59 h vs. 18.30±1.59 h; p<0.001. Tachysystole, on the other hand, was significantly more frequent in the misoprostol receivers (25.4% vs. 0%; p<0.001. The two groups were comparable for the rate of cesarean section (misoprostol, 37.3%; Folly catheter, 30%; p=0.40. Comparing the two groups, there was no significant difference with regard to change in Bishop Score (misoprostol, 1.90±0.54 h-1; Folly catheter, 1.89±0.74 h-1; p=0.95 and miscellaneous pregnancy-related and fetal

Misoprostol-induced radioprotection of Syrian hamster embryo cells in utero from cell death and oncogenic transformation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miller, R.C.; LaNasa, P.; Hanson, W.R.

1994-01-01

Misoprostol, a PGE analog, is an effective radioprotector of murine intestine and hematopoietic and hair cell renewal systems. The radioprotective nature of misoprostol was extended to examine its ability to influence clonogenic cell survival and induction of oncogenic transformation in Syrian hamster embryo cells exposed to X rays in utero and assayed in vitro. Hamsters in their 12th day of pregnancy were injected subcutaneously with misoprostal, and 2 h later the pregnant hamsters were exposed to graded doses of X rays. Immediately after irradiation, hamsters were euthanized and embryonic tissue was explanted into culture dishes containing complete growth medium. After a 2-week incubation period, clongenic cell survival and morphologically transformed foci were determined. Survival of misoprostol-treated SHE cells was increased and yielded a dose reduction factor of 1.5 compared to SHE cells treated with X rays alone. In contrast, radiation-induced oncogenic transformation of misoprostol-treated cells was reduced by a factor of 20 compared to cells treated with X rays alone. These studies suggest that misoprostol not only protects normal tissues in vivo from acute radiation injury, but also protects cells, to a large extent, from injury leading to transforming events. 26 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs

Potential Cost-Effectiveness of Prenatal Distribution of Misoprostol for Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage in Uganda.

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Solomon J Lubinga

Full Text Available In settings where home birth rates are high, prenatal distribution of misoprostol has been advocated as a strategy to increase access to uterotonics during the third stage of labor to prevent postpartum hemorrhage (PPH. Our objective was to project the potential cost-effectiveness of this strategy in Uganda from both governmental (the relevant payer and modified societal perspectives.To compare prenatal misoprostol distribution to status quo (no misoprostol distribution, we developed a decision analytic model that tracked the delivery pathways of a cohort of pregnant women from the prenatal period, labor to delivery without complications or delivery with PPH, and successful treatment or death. Delivery pathway parameters were derived from the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey. Incidence of PPH, treatment efficacy, adverse event and case fatality rates, access to misoprostol, and health resource use and cost data were obtained from published literature and supplemented with expert opinion where necessary. We computed the expected incidence of PPH, mortality, disability adjusted life years (DALYs, costs and incremental cost effectiveness ratios (ICERs. We conducted univariate and probabilistic sensitivity analyses to examine robustness of our results. In the base-case analysis, misoprostol distribution lowered the expected incidence of PPH by 1.2% (95% credibility interval (CrI: 0.55%, 1.95%, mortality by 0.08% (95% CrI: 0.04%, 0.13% and DALYs by 0.02 (95% CrI: 0.01, 0.03.” and “ICERs were US$181 (95% CrI: 81, 443 per DALY averted from a governmental perspective, and US$64 (95% CrI: -84, 260 per DALY averted from a modified societal perspective [corrected].Prenatal distribution of misoprostol is potentially cost-effective in Uganda and should be considered for national-level scale up for prevention of PPH.

Sublingual misoprostol versus standard surgical care for treatment of incomplete abortion in five sub-Saharan African countries

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Shochet Tara

2012-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background In low-resource settings, where abortion is highly restricted and self-induced abortions are common, access to post-abortion care (PAC services, especially treatment of incomplete terminations, is a priority. Standard post-abortion care has involved surgical intervention but can be hard to access in these areas. Misoprostol provides an alternative to surgical intervention that could increase access to abortion care. We sought to gather additional evidence regarding the efficacy of 400 mcg of sublingual misoprostol vs. standard surgical care for treatment of incomplete abortion in the environments where need for economical non-surgical treatments may be most useful. Methods A total of 860 women received either sublingual misoprostol or standard surgical care for treatment of incomplete abortion in a multi-site randomized trial. Women with confirmed incomplete abortion, defined as past or present history of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy and an open cervical os, were eligible to participate. Participants returned for follow-up one week later to confirm clinical status. If abortion was incomplete at that time, women were offered an additional follow-up visit or immediate surgical evacuation. Results Both misoprostol and surgical evacuation are highly effective treatments for incomplete abortion (misoprostol: 94.4%, surgical: 100.0%. Misoprostol treatment resulted in a somewhat lower chance of success than standard surgical practice (RR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.89-0.92. Both tolerability of side effects and women’s satisfaction were similar in the two study arms. Conclusion Misoprostol, much easier to provide than surgery in low-resource environments, can be used safely, successfully, and satisfactorily for treatment of incomplete abortion. Focus should shift to program implementation, including task-shifting the provision of post-abortion care to mid- and low- level providers, training and assurance of drug availability. Trial

The availability of Misoprostol in pharmacies and patent medicine ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The availability of Misoprostol in pharmacies and patent medicine stores in two Nigerian ... AFRICAN JOURNALS ONLINE (AJOL) · Journals · Advanced Search ... pharmacists or vendors of pharmaceutical and patent medicine outlets in two ...

Randomization of two dosing regimens of vaginal misoprostol for ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2013-09-06

Sep 6, 2013 ... Key words: Cervical ripening, labour induction, misoprostol. Date of Acceptance: ... was obtained from each participant before inclusion in the study. Inclusion ... Chi‑square for categorical variables, student's t‑test for normally ...

Misoprostol for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage during home births in rural Lao PDR: establishing a pilot program for community distribution.

Science.gov (United States)

Durham, Jo; Phengsavanh, Alongkone; Sychareun, Vanphanom; Hose, Isaac; Vongxay, Viengnakhone; Xaysomphou, Douangphachanh; Rickart, Keith

2018-01-01

The purpose of this study was to gather the necessary data to support the design and implementation of a pilot program for women who are unable to deliver in a healthcare facility in the Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR), by using community distribution of misoprostol to prevent postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). The study builds on an earlier research that demonstrated both support and need for community-based distribution of misoprostol in Lao PDR. This qualitative study identified acceptability of misoprostol and healthcare system needs at varying levels to effectively distribute misoprostol to women with limited access to facility-based birthing. Interviews (n=25) were undertaken with stakeholders at the central, provincial, and district levels and with community members in five rural communities in Oudomxay, a province with high rates of maternal mortality. Focus group discussions (n=5) were undertaken in each community. Respondents agreed that PPH was the major cause of preventable maternal mortality with community distribution of misoprostol an acceptable and feasible interim preventative solution. Strong leadership, training, and community mobilization were identified as critical success factors. While several participants preferred midwives to distribute misoprostol, given the limited availability of midwives, there was a general agreement that village health workers or other lower level workers could safely administer misoprostol. Many key stakeholders, including women themselves, considered that these community-level staff may be able to provide misoprostol to women for self-administration, as long as appropriate education on its use was included. The collected data also helped identify appropriate educational messages and key indicators for monitoring and evaluation for a pilot program. The findings strengthen the case for a pilot program of community distribution of misoprostol to prevent PPH in remote communities where women have limited access to a

Community-level Distribution of Misoprostol to Prevent Postpartum ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

In Nigeria, most deaths due to postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) occur in the absence of skilled birth attendants. A study using community mobilization and the training of community drug keepers to increase access to misoprostol for PPH prevention was conducted in five communities around Zaria in Kaduna State, Nigeria.

Feasibility and effectiveness of unintended pregnancy prevention with low-dose mifepristone combined with misoprostol before expected menstruation.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Cui-Lan; Chen, Dun-Jin; Deng, Yi-Fan; Song, Li-Ping; Mo, Xue-Tang; Liu, Kai-Jie

2015-12-01

What is the efficacy of maintaining or restoring non-pregnant status with low-dose mifepristone combined with misoprostol administered before expected menstruation? Low-dose mifepristone and misoprostol administered at the time of expected menstruation was effective and safe in maintaining or restoring non-pregnant status, with no obvious menstrual disturbance. Menstrual regulation involves the medical or mechanical stimulation of uterine sloughing in women with up to 2-3 weeks of menstrual delay. Low-dose mifepristone plus misoprostol is efficacious for termination of ultra-early pregnancy (≤ 35 days of amenorrhoea) with no obvious menstrual disturbance. A total of 678 women fulfilled all criteria and were recruited. Seventeen women dropped out after deciding to remain pregnant and 11 others were lost to follow-up. Thus, data from 650 women who completed the procedure were included in analyses. Participants were enrolled at any time during their menstrual cycle and administered medication 1 day before expected menstruation. The end of the study was defined on a per-patient basis as the date of completion of the post-treatment menstrual cycle. The primary outcome was the efficacy of abortion induction (for pregnant women) or menstrual regulation (for non-pregnant women). Women with regular menstrual cycles (25-35 days) were voluntarily recruited for this study between February 2012 and December 2014. Serum β-hCG was measured before mifepristone intake. Mifepristone (50 mg) was administered orally 1 day before expected menstruation and 200 µg misoprostol was administered orally on the day of expected menstruation. Efficacy, disturbance in bleeding patterns in the treatment and post-treatment cycles, satisfaction with the treatment, and subsequent contraception preference were analysed. Retrospective analysis of serum β-hCG levels at admission indicated that 23.3% (158/678) of the women were pregnant. The success rate for pregnancy termination was 98.6% (136

Civil Society Organizations and medicines policy change: a case study of registration, procurement, distribution and use of misoprostol in Uganda.

Science.gov (United States)

Atukunda, Esther Cathyln; Brhlikova, Petra; Agaba, Amon Ganafa; Pollock, Allyson M

2015-04-01

Misoprostol use for postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) has been promoted by Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) since the early 2000s. Yet, CSOs' role in improving access to misoprostol and shaping health policy at global and national levels is not well understood. We document the introduction of misoprostol in Uganda in 2008 from its registration, addition to treatment guidelines and national Essential Medicines List (EML), to its distribution and use. We then analyse the contribution of CSOs to this health policy change and service provision. Policy documents, procurement data and 82 key informant interviews with government officials, healthcare providers, and CSOs in four Ugandan districts of Kampala, Mbarara, Apac, Bundibugyo were collected between 2010 and 2013. Five key CSOs promoted and accelerated the rollout of misoprostol in Uganda. They supported the registration of misoprostol with the National Drug Authority, the development of clinical guidelines, and the piloting and training of health care providers. CSOs and National Medical Stores were procuring and distributing misoprostol country-wide to health centres two years before it was added to the clinical guidelines and EML of Uganda and in the absence of good evidence. The evidence suggests an increasing trend of misoprostol procurement and availability over the medicine of choice, oxytocin. This shift in national priorities has serious ramifications for maternal health care that need urgent evaluation. The absence of clinical guidelines in health centres and the lack of training preclude rational use of misoprostol. CSOs shifted their focus from the public to the private sector, where some of them continue to promote its use for off-label indications including induction of labour and abortion. There is an urgent need to build capacity to improve the robustness of the national and local institutions in assessing the safety and effectiveness of all medicines and their indications in Uganda. Copyright © 2015

Introducing Misoprostol for the Treatment of Incomplete Abortion in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Despite legal restriction, induced abortions and resulting complications are common in Nigeria. Misoprostol administration for incomplete abortion was introduced in 3 Nigerian hospitals. The feasibility of the hospitals, patient and provider acceptability were assessed using questionnaire and interview guides administered ...

Misoprostol for treatment of incomplete abortion- providers practice ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Remnant products of conception in the uterine cavity following a miscarriage or induced abortion presents a serious threat to a woman because it increases the risk of infection or continued bleeding and therefore uterine evacuation in such cases is imperative. Surgical and medical methods using drugs like misoprostol may ...

Therapeutic termination of second trimester pregnancies with low dose misoprostol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liaquat, N.F.; Javed, I.; Shuja, S.; Shoaib, T.; Bano, K.; Waheed, S.; Ansar, A.

2006-01-01

To determine the effectiveness of 50 micro g misoprostol for midtrimester termination of pregnancies. The study subjects were 54 pregnant women admitted during the 2nd trimester (14-26 weeks) of gestation, willing or requiring termination of pregnancy. Those patients were included in the study who were admitted with closed cervical os, either had intrauterine death, fetal anomaly, medical disorder (hypertension or diabetes) or history of previous ceasrean section. Cases of placenta previa, acute asthma, glaucoma, cardiac diseases and allergy to prostaglandins were excluded. Each patient received 50 micro g misoprostol intravaginally. Maximum 4 doses were given at 4 hours interval and state of cervical os was assessed by vaginal examination before insertion of next dose or at the onset of uterine contractions. After 4 doses of misoprostol, patients were kept under observation and watched for uterine contractions to start or for expulsion of products. Syntocinon infusion was started to augment labour where products of conception failed to expel out inspite of open os. Outcome measures include success rate of termination within 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours, mean induction - abortion time interval and maternal side effects. Results: The success rate of termination within 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours were 27.7%, 83.3%, 94.4% and 96.3% respectively. Mean induction to abortion time interval, in case of abortion within 48 hours, was found to be 18.9 +- 11.58 (range 4-48 hours). Dead fetuses were aborted earlier than alive fetuses. The mean induction abortion time interval was 17.01+-8.7 hours in dead and 23.4 +- 15.9 hours in alive fetuses (t -value:1.9, p: 0.05). Two patients failed to deliver within 48 hours of induction. Two patients suffered from febrile illness. Vaginal administration of 50 micro g misoprostol every 4 hourly is an effective and safe agent for ripening of cervix and convenient way of inducing abortion during 2nd trimester of pregnancy in a women either with

An Unreported Uterine Rupture in an Unscarred Uterus After Induced Labor With 25 μg Misoprostol Vaginally

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Eva Rydahl

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Uterine rupture without a former history of cesarean delivery or uterine scarring is an exceedingly rare complication in pregnancy and labor. Misoprostol is widely used to induce labor but there is a lack of knowledge about serious adverse effects. It is especially challenging to collect reports on side effects because misoprostol is not a registered drug. We report a case of a woman induced by one dose 25 μg misoprostol vaginally. Her pregnancy was uncomplicated and she had an unscarred uterus. Her labor progressed rapidly and she experienced hyperstimulation, meconium stained amniotic fluid, uterine rupture, and excessive blood loss of approximately 14 l. The child survived but is diagnosed with cerebral palsy. The case was never reported as an adverse event. This case questions the safety of misoprostol even in low dosage. It also underlines the need to report side effects to national reporting systems.

Using Misoprostol for Primary versus Secondary Prevention of Postpartum Haemorrhage - Do Costs Matter?

Science.gov (United States)

Chatterjee, Susmita; Sarkar, Anupam; Rao, Krishna D

2016-01-01

Postpartum heammorrhage (PPH), defined as blood loss greater than or equal to 500 ml within 24 hours after birth, is the leading cause of maternal deaths globally and in India. Misoprostol is an important option for PPH management in setting where oxytocin (the gold standard for PPH prevention and treatment) in not available or not feasible to use. For the substantial number of deliveries which take place at home or at lower level heatlh facilities in India, misoprostol pills can be adminstered to prevent PPH. The standard approach using misoprostol is to administer it prophylactically as primary prevention (600 mcg). An alternative strategy could be to administer misoprostol only to those who are at high risk of having PPH i.e. as secondary prevention. This study reports on the relative cost per person of a strategy involving primary versus secondary prevention of PPH using misoprostol. It is based on a randomized cluster trial that was conducted in Bijapur district in Karnataka, India between December 2011 and March 2014 among pregnant women to compare two community-level strategies for the prevention of PPH: primary and secondary. The analysis was conducted from the government perspective using an ingredient approach. The cluster trial showed that there were no significant differences in clinical outcomes between the two study arms. However, the results of the cost analysis show that there is a difference of INR 6 (US$ 0.1) per birth for implementing the strategies primary versus secondary prevention. In India where 14.9 million births take place at sub-centres and at home, this additional cost of INR 6 per birth translates to an additional cost of INR 94 (US$ 1.6) million to the government to implement the primary prevention compared to the secondary prevention strategy. As clinical outcomes did not differ significantly between the two arms in the trial, taking into account the difference in costs and potential issues with sustainability, secondary prevention

Using Misoprostol for Primary versus Secondary Prevention of Postpartum Haemorrhage - Do Costs Matter?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Susmita Chatterjee

Full Text Available Postpartum heammorrhage (PPH, defined as blood loss greater than or equal to 500 ml within 24 hours after birth, is the leading cause of maternal deaths globally and in India. Misoprostol is an important option for PPH management in setting where oxytocin (the gold standard for PPH prevention and treatment in not available or not feasible to use. For the substantial number of deliveries which take place at home or at lower level heatlh facilities in India, misoprostol pills can be adminstered to prevent PPH. The standard approach using misoprostol is to administer it prophylactically as primary prevention (600 mcg. An alternative strategy could be to administer misoprostol only to those who are at high risk of having PPH i.e. as secondary prevention.This study reports on the relative cost per person of a strategy involving primary versus secondary prevention of PPH using misoprostol. It is based on a randomized cluster trial that was conducted in Bijapur district in Karnataka, India between December 2011 and March 2014 among pregnant women to compare two community-level strategies for the prevention of PPH: primary and secondary. The analysis was conducted from the government perspective using an ingredient approach.The cluster trial showed that there were no significant differences in clinical outcomes between the two study arms. However, the results of the cost analysis show that there is a difference of INR 6 (US$ 0.1 per birth for implementing the strategies primary versus secondary prevention. In India where 14.9 million births take place at sub-centres and at home, this additional cost of INR 6 per birth translates to an additional cost of INR 94 (US$ 1.6 million to the government to implement the primary prevention compared to the secondary prevention strategy.As clinical outcomes did not differ significantly between the two arms in the trial, taking into account the difference in costs and potential issues with sustainability, secondary

randomised controlled trial of the efficacy of misoprostol used

African Journals Online (AJOL)

application to register misoprostol for use as a cervical primer in TOPs, the ... to dissolve in the vagina with no known effects on the cervix. Both drugs were ... rapidly at the edges making them appear round. ..... In this study the decision to use a ...

Feasibility, Acceptability, and Programme Effectiveness of Misoprostol for Prevention of Postpartum Haemorrhage in Rural Bangladesh: A Quasiexperimental Study

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Abdul Quaiyum

2014-01-01

Full Text Available We explored the feasibility of distributing misoprostol tablets using two strategies in prevention of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH among women residing in the Abhoynagar subdistrict of Bangladesh. We conducted a quasiexperimental study with a posttest design and nonequivalent comparison and intervention groups. Paramedics distributed three misoprostol tablets, one delivery mat (Quaiyum’s delivery mat, a packet of five standardized sanitary pads, and one lidded plastic container with detailed counseling on their use. All materials except misoprostol were also provided with counseling sessions to the control group participants. Postpartum blood loss was measured by paramedics using standardized method. This study has demonstrated community acceptability to misoprostol tablets for the prevention of PPH that reduced overall volume of blood loss after childbirth. Likewise, the delivery mat and pad were found to be useful to mothers as tools for assessing the amount of blood loss after delivery and informing care-seeking decisions. Further studies should be undertaken to explore whether government outreach health workers can be trained to effectively distribute misoprostol tablets among rural women of Bangladesh. Such a study should explore and identify the programmatic requirements to integrate this within the existing reproductive health program of the Government of Bangladesh.

Baixas doses de misoprostol vaginal (12,5 versus 25 mcg para indução do parto a termo Low-dose vaginal misoprostol (12.5 versus 25 µg for induction of labor at term

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Francisco Airton Rangel Filho

2007-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: comparar a efetividade de baixas doses de misoprostol vaginal (12,5 versus 25 mcg para indução do trabalho de parto. MÉTODOS: ensaio clínico controlado, randomizado, duplo-cego, realizado entre maio de 2005 e abril de 2006. Foram incluídas 62 gestantes com gravidez a termo, membranas íntegras, que necessitaram de indução do parto. Foi administrado 25 mcg (32 ou 12,5 mcg de misoprostol (30, a cada quatro horas, até, no máximo, oito doses. Estudaram-se o tipo de parto, tempo entre o início da indução e o parto, complicações perinatais e efeitos maternos adversos. As variáveis de controle foram idades materna e gestacional, paridade e índice de Bishop. Os testes estatísticos utilizados foram cálculos de médias, desvios padrão e teste t de Student (variáveis numéricas contínuas, c² (variáveis categóricas e Mann-Whitney (variáveis discretas. RESULTADOS: não houve diferença significante entre o Grupo de 12,5 e 25 mcg em relação ao intervalo de tempo entre a primeira dose e o parto (1.524 minutos versus 1.212 minutos, p=0,3, na freqüência de partos vaginais (70 versus 71,8%, p=0,7, no escore de Apgar inferior a sete ao quinto minuto (3,3 versus 6,25%, p=0,5 e na freqüência de taquissistolia (3,3 versus 6,2%, p=0,5. A média da dose total administrada de misoprostol foi significativamente maior no Grupo de 25 mcg (40 versus 61,2 mcg, p=0,03. CONCLUSÕES: misoprostol vaginal na dose de 12,5 mcg foi eficiente, com efeitos colaterais semelhante, à dose de 25 mcg de misoprostol vaginal, para indução do parto a termo.PURPOSE: to compare the effectiveness of low doses of vaginal misoprostol (12.5 versus 25 µg for induction of labor. METHODS: a double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial was performed in Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Sobral, from May 2005 to April 2006. Sixty-two term pregnant women, with intact membranes and with indication for labor induction, were included. They randomly received 25

O comércio de medicamentos de gênero na mídia impressa brasileira: misoprostol e mulheres The illegal market for gender-related drugs as portrayed in the Brazilian news media: the case of misoprostol and women

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Debora Diniz

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa como a mídia impressa brasileira noticia o comércio clandestino do misoprostol, o principal medicamento para aborto. Foram recuperadas 1.429 notícias, de 220 veículos de informação impressos e eletrônicos, entre 2004 e 2009. A análise foi realizada em 524 notícias de 62 veículos impressos regionais e nacionais. O misoprostol é pauta permanente, mas o enquadramento das notícias é policial, diverso do aborto como uma questão religiosa, política e de saúde pública que domina a mídia brasileira. O misoprostol está inserido no mercado ilegal de medicamentos de gênero, tais como os para emagrecimento, disfunção erétil ou anabolizantes. Sessenta e quatro (12% notícias impressas apresentam histórias de vida de mulheres que abortaram com o misoprostol. As mulheres têm de 13 a 46 anos e sua inserção de classe demarca diferentes experiências de aborto. Três personagens foram identificados nos itinerários de aborto: amigas, intermediários e médicos. As histórias de aborto tardio são confundidas com a tipificação penal do infanticídio e são casos-limite para a narrativa midiática.This article analyzes how the Brazilian news media covers the illegal market for misoprostol, the main drug used to induce abortion. A total of 1,429 news stories were retrieved from 220 print and electronic media channels from 2004 to 2009. The analysis included 524 stories from 62 regional and national newspapers. Misoprostol appeared repeatedly in the news, but was usually approached from a criminal perspective, unlike abortion as a whole, which the Brazilian media routinely covers as a religious, political, and public health issue. Misoprostol is part of the illegal gender-related drug market, along with drugs for weight loss and erectile dysfunction and anabolic steroids. Sixty-four (12% of the news stories told life histories of women who had aborted with misoprostol. The women's ages ranged from 13 to 46 years, and

Misoprostol for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage during home births in rural Lao PDR: establishing a pilot program for community distribution

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Durham J

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Jo Durham,1 Alongkone Phengsavanh,2 Vanphanom Sychareun,2 Isaac Hose,1 Viengnakhone Vongxay,2 Douangphachanh Xaysomphou,2 Keith Rickart3 1Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; 2Faculty of Post-Graduate Studies, University of Health Sciences, Vientiane, Lao PDR; 3Communicable Diseases Branch, Department of Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Purpose: The purpose of this study was to gather the necessary data to support the design and implementation of a pilot program for women who are unable to deliver in a healthcare facility in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR, by using community distribution of misoprostol to prevent postpartum hemorrhage (PPH. The study builds on an earlier research that demonstrated both support and need for community-based distribution of misoprostol in Lao PDR.Methods: This qualitative study identified acceptability of misoprostol and healthcare system needs at varying levels to effectively distribute misoprostol to women with limited access to facility-based birthing. Interviews (n=25 were undertaken with stakeholders at the central, provincial, and district levels and with community members in five rural communities in Oudomxay, a province with high rates of maternal mortality. Focus group discussions (n=5 were undertaken in each community.Results: Respondents agreed that PPH was the major cause of preventable maternal mortality with community distribution of misoprostol an acceptable and feasible interim preventative solution. Strong leadership, training, and community mobilization were identified as critical success factors. While several participants preferred midwives to distribute misoprostol, given the limited availability of midwives, there was a general agreement that village health workers or other lower level workers could safely administer misoprostol. Many key stakeholders, including women themselves, considered that these

A comparative study of DA-9601 and misoprostol for prevention of NSAID-associated gastroduodenal injury in patients undergoing chronic NSAID treatment.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Oh Young; Kang, Dae-Hwan; Lee, Dong Ho; Chung, Il-Kwun; Jang, Jae Young; Jang, Jae-Young; Kim, Jin-Il; Cho, Jin-Woong; Rew, Jong-Sun; Lee, Kang-Moon; Kim, Kyoung Oh; Choi, Myung-Gyu; Lee, Sang-Woo; Lee, Soo-Teik; Kim, Tae-Oh; Shin, Yong-Woon; Seol, Sang-Yong

2014-10-01

Misoprostol is reported to prevent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-associated gastroduodenal complications. There is, however, limited information regarding the efficacy of DA-9601 in this context. We performed a comparative study on the relative efficacy of DA-9601 and misoprostol for prevention of NSAID-associated complications. In this multicenter, double-blinded, active-controlled, stratified randomized, parallel group, non-inferiority trial, 520 patients who were to be treated with an NSAID (aceclofenac, 100 mg, twice daily) over a 4-week period were randomly assigned to groups for coincidental treatment with DA-9601 (60 mg, thrice daily) (236 patients for full analysis) or misoprostol (200 μg, thrice daily) (242 patients for full analysis). [corrected]. The primary endpoint was the gastric protection rate, and secondary endpoints were the duodenal protection rate and ulcer incidence rate. Endpoints were assessed by endoscopy after the 4-week treatment period. Drug-related adverse effects, including gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, were also compared. At week 4, the gastric protection rates with DA-9601 and misoprostol were 81.4 % (192/236) and 89.3 % (216/242), respectively. The difference between the groups was -14.2 %, indicating non-inferiority of DA-9601 to misoprostol. Adverse event rates were not different between the two groups; however, the total scores for GI symptoms before and after administration were significantly lower in the DA-9601 group than in the misoprostol group (-0.2 ± 2.8 vs 1.2 ± 3.2; p DA-9601 is as effective as misoprostol in preventing NSAID-associated gastroduodenal complications, and has a superior adverse GI effect profile.

Pérdida de la expresión antigénica ABH en pacientes con lesiones orales precancerosas y cancerosas

OpenAIRE

Campi, Carlos; Escovich, Livia; Racca, Amelia; García Borrás, Silvia; Racca, Liliana; Cotorruelo, Carlos; Biondi, Claudia

2008-01-01

Los antígenos ABH, productos de la interacción de 2 sistemas genéticos, Hh y ABO, están sujetos a leyes de herencia y pueden estar localizados no sólo en los eritrocitos, sino también en la mayoría de las células humanas. El objetivo del este trabajo fue investigar la expresión de antígenos ABH en pacientes con lesiones orales premalignas y malignas orales. Se trabajó con muestras incluidas en tacos de parafina de pacientes con lesiones orales (n= 57). Los pacientes fueron clasificados en 2 g...

The effect of adding hyoscine to vaginal misoprostol on abortion induction success rate

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Tehranian A

2010-07-01

Full Text Available "n Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Background: Intravaginal misoprostol has been shown to be an effective agent for cervical ripening and induction of labor. The aim of present study was to assess the effects of adding hyoscine to vaginal misoprostol on its success rate. "n"nMethods: In a clinical trial, 74 women who were referred to undergo legal induction of labor during first pregnancy trimester in Arash Hospital, in Tehran, Iran, between March 2006 and March 2007 were enrolled, and were randomly divided in to two groups of misoprostol (400 µg/4h, vaginal (n=37 or misoprostol (400 µg/4h, vaginal plus hyoscine (20 mg IV (n=37. Their complications including nausea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain, need for analgesics, diarrhea, vaginal bleeding, decline in hemoglobin more than 3 g/dl, need for blood transfusion and failure of treatment according to the failure of induction of labor or cervical opening in 24 hours after starting treatment and the total duration of hospitalization were compared between groups. "n"nResults: There were no significant differences between groups regarding the rate of side effects like nausea, abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. In misoprostol plus hyoscine group, the success rate in abortion was significantly higher (40

Efficacy and acceptability of a mifepristone-misoprostol combined regimen for early induced abortion among women in Mexico City.

Science.gov (United States)

Peña, Melanie; Dzuba, Ilana G; Smith, Patricio Sanhueza; Mendoza, Luis Jorge Arellano; Bousiéguez, Manuel; Martínez, María Laura García; Polanco, Ranulfo Ríos; Villalón, Antonio Eduardo Flores; Winikoff, Beverly

2014-10-01

To evaluate the experience of women receiving mifepristone-misoprostol for early induced abortion in public sector facilities in the Federal District of Mexico City. An open-label prospective study was conducted with 1000 pregnant women who sought induced abortion with a pregnancy of up to 63days of gestation, as measured from the date of their last menstrual period. The study was conducted in three public sector healthcare facilities: two secondary level hospitals and one primary care clinic. Women ingested 200mg mifepristone on day 1, followed by 800μg buccal misoprostol 24hours later, and they returned for follow-up on day 8. The primary outcome was complete abortion without recourse to surgical intervention. A total of 971 women received mifepristone-misoprostol and were included in the analysis for efficacy of treatment. The overall efficacy of the combined medical abortion regimen studied was 97.3% (n=945); the success rate did not vary significantly by gestational age (95.9%-100%; P=0.449). Most women (n=922, 95.0%) had a successful induced abortion with only one dose of misoprostol. The combined mifepristone and buccal misoprostol regimen was found to be highly effective and acceptable among Mexican women. www.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00386282. Copyright © 2014 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Misoprostol in obstetrics and gynaecology — benefits and risks

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Enrique

fetal tachycardia were detected on electronic fetal heart rate and external uterine pressure monitoring. A tablet. (200 µg) of misoprostol was found in the posterior vaginal fornix. The tablet was removed, 10 µg of intravenous ipradol given and labour managed expectantly, with normal delivery of a healthy baby. She informed ...

A phase III randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of misoprostol rectal suppositories to prevent acute radiation proctitis in patients with prostate cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hille, Andrea; Schmidberger, Heinz; Hermann, Robert M.; Christiansen, Hans; Saile, Bernhard; Pradier, Olivier; Hess, Clemens F.

2005-01-01

Purpose: Acute radiation proctitis is the most relevant complication of pelvic radiation and is still mainly treated supportively. Considering the negative impact of acute proctitis symptoms on patients' daily activities and the potential relationship between the severity of acute radiation injury and late damage, misoprostol was tested in the prevention of acute radiation-induced proctitis. Methods and Materials: A total of 100 patients who underwent radiotherapy for prostate cancer were entered into this phase III randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study with misoprostol or placebo suppositories. Radiation-induced toxicity was evaluated weekly during radiotherapy using the Common Toxicity Criteria. Results: Between the placebo and the misoprostol groups, no significant differences in proctitis symptoms occurred: 76% of patients in each group had Grade 1 toxicity, and 26% in the placebo group and 36% in the misoprostol group had Grade 2 toxicity. No differences were found in onset or symptom duration. Comparing the peak incidence of patients' toxicity symptoms, significantly more patients experienced rectal bleeding in the misoprostol group (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Misoprostol given as a once-daily suppository did not decrease the incidence and severity of radiation-induced acute proctitis and may increase the incidence of acute bleeding

Randomised controlled trial of the efficacy of misoprostol used as a ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Randomised controlled trial of the efficacy of misoprostol used as a cervical ripening agent prior to termination of pregnancy in the first trimester. Eric T M de Jonge, Rachel Jewkes, Jonathan Levin, Helen Rees ...

A randomized controlled study of the efficacy of misoprostol and hyaluronic acid in preventing adhesion formation after gynecological surgery: a rat uterine horn model.

Science.gov (United States)

Kaya, Cihan; Sever, Nurten; Cengiz, Hüseyin; Yıldız, Şükrü; Ekin, Murat; Yaşar, Levent

2014-05-01

To investigate the effect of misoprostol in the reduction of adhesion formation after gynecological surgery. A double blind, randomized controlled experimental study was designed. Twenty-one female Wistar Hannover rats were divided into three groups as control, misoprostol and Hyalobarrier(®) groups. A uterine horn adhesion model was created. After anesthesia induction, 1.5-2cm injuries were made to the each uterine horn by cautery. The control group received no special medications except for the standard surgical procedure. The misoprostol group received 10μcg/kg misoprostol in addition to the standard surgical procedure, and the Hyalobarrier(®) group received 1cm(3) ready-for-use Hyalobarrier(®) gel intraperitoneally in addition to the standard surgical procedure. After 14 days from the first surgical procedure, adhesion scores were evaluated. The extent (p<0.001), severity (p<0.001), degree (p<0.001) and total adhesion score (p<0.001) values of the control group were statistically higher than the values of misoprostol and Hyalobarrier(®) groups. The inflammation score value of misoprostol group was statistically lower than control and Hyalobarrier(®) groups (p<0.001). In this study, we have found a new therapeutic potential of misoprostol that may be useful in preventing pelvic adhesion and reducing inflammation scores. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Misoprostol inhibits gastric mucosal release of endogenous prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane B2 in healthy volunteers

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mertz-Nielsen, A; Eskerod, O; Bukhave, K

1995-01-01

Prostaglandin analogues of the E-series theoretically offer the ideal antiulcer drugs. Peptic ulcer healing with prostaglandin analogues is, however, no better than would be predicted from their ability to inhibit gastric acid secretion and they are less effective than histamine H2 receptor...... antagonists in preventing ulcer relapse. It could be that prostaglandin analogues inhibit gastric mucosal synthesis or release of endogenous eicosanoids, thereby abrogating their own effects. This study, therefore, examined how a single therapeutic dose (200 micrograms) of misoprostol, a synthetic analogue...... blind, cross over design. In each subject misoprostol or placebo was instilled in randomised order into the stomach, which was subsequently perfused with isotonic mannitol. Misoprostol significantly decreased basal as well as acid stimulated output of PGE2 and TXB2, without affecting output of LTB4...

Balancing the efficacy and safety of misoprostol: a meta-analysis comparing 25 versus 50 micrograms of intravaginal misoprostol for the induction of labour.

Science.gov (United States)

McMaster, K; Sanchez-Ramos, L; Kaunitz, A M

2015-03-01

The optimal dose of misoprostol for the induction of labour remains uncertain. To compare the efficacy and safety of 25 versus 50 micrograms of intravaginal misoprostol tablets for the induction of labour and cervical ripening. We performed electronic and manual searches to identify relevant randomised trials. The efficacy outcomes assessed were rates of vaginal delivery within 24 hours, delivery within one dose, and oxytocin augmentation, and interval to delivery. The safety outcomes assessed were incidences of tachysystole, hyperstimulation, caesarean delivery, cesarean delivery for non-reassuring fetal heart rate (FHR), operative vaginal delivery, abnormal 5-minute Apgar score, abnormal cord gas values, admission to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and meconium passage. Thirteen studies (1945 women) were included. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using fixed-effects and random-effects models. We found that 25 micrograms was less efficacious, with lower rates of delivery after one dose (RR 0.59; 95% CI 0.39-0.88) and vaginal delivery within 24 hours (RR 0.88; 95% CI 0.79-0.96), and with increased rates of oxytocin augmentation (RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.36-1.75). We noted an improved safety profile with 25 micrograms, however, with decreased rates of tachysystole (RR 0.46; 95% CI 0.35-0.61), hyperstimulation (RR 0.5; 95% CI 0.31-0.78), caesarean deliveries for non-reassuring FHR (RR 0.67; 95% CI 0.52-0.87), NICU admissions (RR 0.63; 95% CI 0.4-0.98), and meconium passage (RR 0.65; 95% CI 0.45-0.96). Although 50 micrograms of intravaginal misoprostol may be more efficacious, safety concerns make the 25-microgram dose preferable. © 2014 Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.

Treatment of retained placenta with misoprostol: a randomised controlled trial in a low-resource setting (Tanzania

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Fauteck Heiner

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Retained placenta is one of the common causes of maternal mortality in developing countries where access to appropriate obstetrical care is limited. Current treatment of retained placenta is manual removal of the placenta under anaesthesia, which can only take place in larger health care facilities. Medical treatment of retained placenta with prostaglandins E1 (misoprostol could be cost-effective and easy-to-use and could be a life-saving option in many low-resource settings. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of sublingually administered misoprostol in women with retained placenta in a low resource setting. Methods Design: Multicentered randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, to be conducted in 5 hospitals in Tanzania, Africa. Inclusion criteria: Women with retained placenta, at a gestational age of 28 weeks or more and blood loss less than 750 ml, 30 minutes after delivery of the newborn despite active management of third stage of labour. Trial Entry & Randomisation & Study Medication: After obtaining informed consent, eligible women will be allocated randomly to the treatment groups using numbered envelopes that will be randomized in variable blocks containing identical capsules with either 800 microgram of misoprostol or placebo. The drugs will be given sublingually. The women, maternal care providers and researchers will be blinded to treatment allocation. Sample Size: 117 women, to show a 40% reduction in manual removals of the placenta (p = 0.05, 80% power. The randomization will be misoprostol: placebo = 2:1 Primary Study Outcome: Expulsion of the placenta without manual removal. Secondary outcome is the number of blood transfusions. Discussion This is a protocol for a randomized trial in a low resource setting to assess if medical treatment of women with retained placenta with misoprostol reduces the incidence of manual removal of the placenta. Clinical Trial Registration Current

Comparison of labour induction with misoprostol and dinoprostone and characterization of uterine response based on electrohysterogram.

Science.gov (United States)

Benalcazar-Parra, Carlos; Monfort-Orti, Rogelio; Ye-Lin, Yiyao; Prats-Boluda, Gema; Alberola-Rubio, Jose; Perales, Alfredo; Garcia-Casado, Javier

2017-12-17

The objective of this study is to compare the uterine activity response between women administered dinoprostone (prostaglandin E2) and misoprostol (prostaglandin E1) for induction of labour (IOL) by analysing not only the traditional obstetric data but also the parameters extracted from uterine electrohysterogram (EHG). Two cohorts were defined: misoprostol (25-µg vaginal tablets; 251 women) and dinoprostone cohort (10 mg vaginal inserts; 249 women). All the mothers were induced by a medical indication of a Bishop Score PMU) 60' after drug administration, while spectral parameters significantly increased after 150'. This response was not observed in failed inductions. In the successful dinoprostone group, the duration and number of contractions increased significantly after 120', PMU did so after 180', and no significant differences were found for spectral parameters, possibly due to the slower pharmacokinetics of this drug. Successful inductions of labour by misoprostol are associated with earlier effective contractions than in labours induced by dinoprostone.

Effectiveness of Per Rectal Misoprostol Versus Intramuscular Oxytocin for Prevention of Primary Postpartum Haemorrhage.

Science.gov (United States)

Asmat, Raheela; Ashraf, Tasneem; Asmat, Fazila; Asmat, Shakila; Asmat, Nagina

2017-01-01

To compare the effectiveness of per rectal misoprostol over oxytocin in primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). Randomised controlled trial study. Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department, Unit IV, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital, Quetta, from September 2013 to February 2014. Emergency obstetric patients receiving per rectal misoprostol (800 µgm) were named as group 'A' and those receiving 10 units oxytocin intramuscularly were labelled as group 'B'. The patients were followed within 24 hours of spontaneous vaginal deliveries. Pads soaked were used to assess the amount of blood loss. A total of 1,678 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients in group-A was 29.11 years while the mean age of patients in group-B was 29.16 years. One hundred and twenty-three (14.66%) patients in group-A and 120 (14.31%) patients in group-B had PPH. Among the total 1,678 patients, 243 (14.49%) had postpartum haemorrhage among whom 24 (9.88%) had major haemorrhage with a blood loss ≥1000 mL. Among the sub-group (839 patients) administered misoprostol had 123 (14.66%) patients with blood loss greater than 500 mL and the rest 716 patients (85.34%) had blood loss less than 500 mL. The sub-group administered oxytocin have 120 (14.31%) out of 839 patients with postpartum haemorrhage while 719 (85.69%) had blood loss less than 500 mL. Active management of 3rd stage of labour with per rectal misoprostol administration was as effective as intramuscular oxytocin. Both were equally effective to reduce PPH and the subsequent need for surgical interventions.

The biomedicalisation of illegal abortion: the double life of misoprostol in Brazil

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Silvia De Zordo

Full Text Available Abstract This paper examines the double life of misoprostol in Brazil, where it is illegally used by women as an abortifacient and legally used in obstetric hospital wards. Based on my doctoral and post-doctoral anthropological research on contraception and abortion in Salvador, Bahia, this paper initially traces the “conversion” of misoprostol from a drug to treat ulcers to a self-administered abortifacient in Latin America, and its later conversion to aneclectic global obstetric tool. It then shows how, while reducing maternal mortality, its use as an illegal abortifacient has reinforced the double reproductive citizenship regime existing in countries with restrictive abortion laws and poor post-abortion care services, where poor women using it illegally are stigmatised, discriminated against and exposed to potentially severe health risks.

Incidence of fetal distress in 6 hourly vaginally administered 3 doses, of misoprostol versus dinoprostone for labour induction: a comparative study

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rashid, N.; Hanif, A.

2013-01-01

Background: Artificial labor pain always poses the risk of fetal distress and is more painful than spontaneous labour. The pharmacological agents that are involved in stimulating uterine contraction may initiate a chain of processes that may lead the baby to suffocate, being deficient of essential oxygen and suffer from distress. The accelerated efforts to adapt safe and advanced measures are inevitable to make the labour induction easier and more secure for both lives involved. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the incidence of fetal distress in 6 hourly vaginally administered 3 doses, of misoprostol versus dinoprostone for labour induction. Methods: This observational type of comparative study was conducted in Obstetrics Ward Lady Aitchison Hospital Lahore. A total of 200 postdate primigravidas undergoing induction of labour at 41 weeks were selected for this study. They were randomly divided into misoprostol and dinoprostone group, each containing 100 patients. The dose of misoprostol was 50 microgram each time up to a maximum of 150 microgram (3 doses) and dose of dinoprostone was 2 mg and only 2 doses of dinoprostone were used with an interval of 6 hours. Continuous fetal heart rate monitoring was done after induction. Signs of fetal distress like meconium staining of liquor after rupture of membranes and CTG changes were noted. After delivery of baby Apgar score at 5 minutes was taken and any resuscitation required or need for keeping the baby in nursery was noted. Results: The mean age of the patients in misoprostol group was 25.4+-4.5 years and in dinoprostone group was 23.3+-3.4 years. The mean duration of induction to delivery interval in misoprostol group was 16.4+-6.4 hours and in dinoprostone group was 13.1+-4.6 hours. In misoprostol group, 40 (40%) patients delivered with LSCS and 60 (60%) patients delivered with spontaneous vaginal delivery. In dinoprostone group, 36 (36%) patients delivered with LSCS and 64 (64%) patients

Clinical Observation on Termination of Early Pregnancy of 213 Cases after Caesarian Section with Repeated Use of Mifepristone and Misoprostol

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

高佩佩; 汪平

1999-01-01

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety in women after caesarian section for termination of early pregnancies by treatment, or repeated treatment with mifepristone and misoprostot.Subjects and Methods A total of 213 pregnant women with amenorrhea of 34-69d after caesarian section who asked for medical abortion were recruited,including 63 cases undergoing their second medical abortion.A total amount of mi feprisstone of 150 mg given in separate doses(25 mg×4 and 50 mg at the first time)was administered orally within 3d, followed by misoprostot of 0.6 mg orally in the morning of d 3.Results The complete abortion rate was 92.5%,incomplete abortion was 4.7% and failure was 2.8%.Conclusion The sequential use of mifepristone and misoprostol could be successfully and repeatedly used for induced abortion in those women with a caesarian section histo-ry.Its efficacy was similar to that for ordinary population.Its safety and effec-tiveness were satisfactory.

Osteoporosis grave con aplastamientos vertebrales en dermatomiositis juvenil: Efecto del tratamiento con alendronato oral Severe osteoporosis with vertebral crushes in juvenile dermatomyositis: Effect of oral alendronate therapy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristina Tau

2007-02-01

Full Text Available Los glucocorticoides son usados comúnmente para el tratamiento de enfermedades inflamatorias, autoinmunes, enfermedades malignas, y en la prevención de rechazo de órganos trasplantados. Un efecto secundario frecuente del tratamiento prolongado es la pérdida de masa ósea que se produce por varios mecanismos y es causa de osteoporosis y fracturas vertebrales. El tratamiento con disfosfonatos ha sido propuesto para esta situación. Presentamos un caso clínico de osteoporosis grave en una niña con dermatomiositis juvenil, que respondió favorablemente al tratamiento con disfosfonatos orales.Glucocorticoids are used for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, cancer, and in prevention of organ rejects. A frequent secondary effect of longterm treatment with corticoids is the loss of bone mass, caused by several mechanisms: decrease in the intestinal calcium absorption, increase of the renal calcium excretion at the distal renal tubule, suppressive effect on the osteoblast and also in apoptosis of osteoclasts, inhibition in local production of IGF I (Insulin-like growth factor and IGFBPs (binding IGF I proteins necessary for bone metabolism, and decrease on osteocalcin production. Longterm treatment with corticoids is associated with osteoporosis and vertebral fractures. To improve this condition, treatment with bisphosphonates has been proposed. We present here a clinical case of a girl with dermatomyositis and severe osteoporosis with vertebral crushes, who responded well to oral bisphophonate treatment.

Experiences in the use of misoprostol in the management of first ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Objective: To determine the effectiveness and acceptability of misoprostol in the evacuation of the uterus in first trimester missed abortion. Study Design: This was a non‑randomized trial. Setting: This study was conducted in the Gynecologic Unit, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi,. Nigeria.

Experiences in the use of misoprostol in the management of first ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Objective: To determine the effectiveness and acceptability of misoprostol in the evacuation of the uterus in first trimester missed abortion. Study Design: This was a non‑randomized trial. Setting: This study was conducted in the Gynecologic Unit, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital Bauchi, Nigeria.

[The illegal market for gender-related drugs as portrayed in the Brazilian news media: the case of misoprostol and women].

Science.gov (United States)

Diniz, Debora; Castro, Rosana

2011-01-01

This article analyzes how the Brazilian news media covers the illegal market for misoprostol, the main drug used to induce abortion. A total of 1,429 news stories were retrieved from 220 print and electronic media channels from 2004 to 2009. The analysis included 524 stories from 62 regional and national newspapers. Misoprostol appeared repeatedly in the news, but was usually approached from a criminal perspective, unlike abortion as a whole, which the Brazilian media routinely covers as a religious, political, and public health issue. Misoprostol is part of the illegal gender-related drug market, along with drugs for weight loss and erectile dysfunction and anabolic steroids. Sixty-four (12%) of the news stories told life histories of women who had aborted with misoprostol. The women's ages ranged from 13 to 46 years, and socioeconomic status was associated with different experiences with abortion. Three characters appeared in the women's abortion itineraries: girlfriends (confidantes), go-betweens, and physicians. Stories of late-stage abortion are confused with the criminal characterization of infanticide and provide the extreme cases in the media's narrative on abortion.

Feasibility and acceptability of clean birth kits containing misoprostol for self-administration to prevent postpartum hemorrhage in rural Papua New Guinea.

Science.gov (United States)

Vallely, Lisa M; Homiehombo, Primrose; Walep, Elizabeth; Moses, Michael; Tom, Marynne; Kelly-Hanku, Angela; Vallely, Andrew; Nataraye, Eluo; Ninnes, Caroline; Mola, Glen D; Morgan, Chris; Kaldor, John M; Wand, Handan; Whittaker, Andrea; Homer, Caroline S E

2016-06-01

To determine the feasibility and acceptability of providing clean birth kits (CBKs) containing misoprostol for self-administration in a rural setting in Papua New Guinea. A prospective intervention study was conducted between April 8, 2013, and October 24, 2014. Eligible participants were women in the third trimester of pregnancy who attended a prenatal clinic in Unggai Bena. Participants received individual instruction and were then given a CBK containing 600μg misoprostol tablets for self-administration following an unsupervised birth if they could demonstrate their understanding of correct use of items in the CBK. Data regarding the use and acceptability of the CBK and misoprostol were collected during postpartum follow-up. Among 200 participants, 106 (53.0%) had an unsupervised birth, and 99 (93.4%) of these women used the CBK. All would use the CBK again and would recommend it to others. Among these 99 women, misoprostol was self-administered by 98 (99.0%), all of whom would take the drug again and would recommend it to others. The findings strengthen the case for community-based use of misoprostol to prevent postpartum hemorrhage in remote communities. Large-scale interventions should be planned to further evaluate impact and acceptability. Copyright © 2016 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Baixa dose de misoprostol sublingual (12,5 µg para indução do parto Low dose of sublingual misoprostol (12.5 µg for labor induction

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Daniele Sofia de Moraes Barros Gattás

2012-04-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever os resultados maternos e perinatais utilizando 12,5 µg de misoprostol sublingual para indução do parto em gestantes com feto vivo a termo. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo multicêntrico, tipo ensaio clínico, aberto e não randomizado, no período de julho a dezembro de 2009. Foram incluídas 30 gestantes com indicação de indução do parto, a termo, feto vivo, escore de Bishop menor ou igual a seis, apresentação cefálica, peso fetal estimado menor que 4.000 g e índice de líquido amniótico maior que cinco. Foram excluídas mulheres com cicatriz uterina, alteração da vitalidade fetal, anomalias congênitas, gestação múltipla, restrição de crescimento intrauterino, hemorragia genital e contraindicações ao parto vaginal. O comprimido de misoprostol sublingual 12,5 µg foi administrado a cada seis horas, até o início do trabalho de parto, máximo de oito doses. RESULTADOS: O trabalho de parto foi induzido satisfatoriamente em 90% das gestantes. As médias dos intervalos entre a primeira dose e o início das contrações uterinas e o parto foram de 14,3±11,7 horas e 25,4±13 horas, respectivamente. A frequência de parto vaginal foi de 60%. A taquissistolia ocorreu em duas gestantes, sendo revertida em ambos os casos sem necessitar de cesariana. A eliminação de mecônio foi observada em quatro pacientes e o escore de Apgar foi menor que sete no quinto minuto em um recém-nascido. CONCLUSÃO: Os desfechos maternos e perinatais foram favoráveis depois da indução do parto com misoprostol sublingual na dose de 12,5 µg a cada seis horas. No entanto, são necessários ensaios clínicos controlados comparando esse esquema posológico com outras doses e vias de administraçãoPURPOSE: To describe the maternal and perinatal outcomes after the use of 12.5 µg of sublingual misoprostol for labor induction in women with term pregnancy and a live fetus. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, open and non

Comparison of two dose regimens of misoprostol for second-trimester pregnancy termination

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Brouns, Joseph Franciscus Gertrudis Maria; van Wely, Madelon; Burger, Mattheus Petrus Maria; van Wijngaarden, Willem Jacobus

2010-01-01

Objective: The study was conducted to compare the efficacy of two different dose regimens of misoprostol administered vaginally in combination with mifepristone for second trimester termination of viable and non-viable pregnancies. Design: Double-blind randomized controlled trial conducted at the

Oxytocin via Uniject (a prefilled single-use injection) versus oral misoprostol for prevention of postpartum haemorrhage at the community level: a cluster-randomised controlled trial

OpenAIRE

Ayisha Diop, MPH; Bocar Daff, MD; Maimouna Sow, MA; Jennifer Blum, MPH; Mamadou Diagne, PhD; Nancy L Sloan, DrPH; Beverly Winikoff, MD

2016-01-01

Background: Access to injectable uterotonics for management of postpartum haemorrhage remains limited in Senegal outside health facilities, and misoprostol and oxytocin delivered via Uniject have been deemed viable alternatives in community settings. We aimed to compare the efficacy of these drugs when delivered by auxiliary midwives at maternity huts. Methods: We did an unmasked cluster-randomised controlled trial at maternity huts in three districts in Senegal. Maternity huts with auxili...

Manifestaciones orales asociadas con la infección por VIH-SIDA ORAL MANIFESTATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH HIV-AIDS INFECTION

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Marcilia Rodríguez Fuentes

2005-04-01

Full Text Available Se realiza una revisión de la clasificación de las lesiones bucales relacionadas con el VIH debido a la importancia de que los profesionales de la salud (médicos y estomatólogos dispongan de conocimientos suficientes sobre estas lesiones. Las manifestaciones orales por la infección del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH son, en ocasiones, el primer signo de la enfermedad, y en muchos casos un indicador de la progresión de la infección hacia el síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA. Actualmente, gracias a la mejoría de los tratamientos antirretrovirales, y en concreto, tras la aparición de los tratamientos antirretrovirales de gran actividad (TARGA, la prevalencia de las lesiones orales asociadas con el VIH está disminuyendo paulatinamente. Por otro lado, el aumento de la esperanza de vida de estos pacientes está condicionando una mayor presencia en nuestras consultas de pacientes infectados por el VIH, lo que implica una actualización continua en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de estos procesos.A review of the classification the oral injuries related to HIV was made taking into account that it is very important that health professionals (physicians and stomatologists have enough knwoledge on these injuries. The oral manifestations due to the HIV infection are, on ocassions, the first sign of the disease and, in many cases, an indicator of the progression of the infection towards AIDS. At present, thanks to the improvement of the antiretroviral treatments and, basically, to the appearance of antiretroviral treatments of great activity, the prevalence of the oral injuries associated with HIV is gradually decreasing. On the other hand, the increase of the life expectancy of these patients is conditioning a higher presence in our offices of HIV-infected patients, which implies a continuous updating in the diagnosis and treatment of these processes.

Analysis of misoprostol and chlorhexidine policy gains in Pakistan: the advocacy experience of Mercy Corps Pakistan.

Science.gov (United States)

Sarwar, Zahida; Cutherell, Andrea; Noor, Arif; Naureen, Farah; Norman, Jennifer

2015-11-25

While Pakistan has made progress toward achieving Millennium Development Goal 5 for maternal health, it is unlikely to achieve the target; further, it is also not on track for Millennium Development Goal 4 regarding child health. Two low-cost, temperature stable and life-saving drugs, misoprostol and chlorhexidine, can respectively avert maternal and newborn deaths, and are particularly pertinent for poor and marginalized areas which bear the brunt of maternal and newborn deaths in Pakistan. In response, Mercy Corps led focused advocacy efforts to promote changes in policies, protocols, and regulatory environments for misoprostol (2012-2014) and for chlorhexidine (2014). These short-duration advocacy projects facilitated significant policy gains, such as inclusion of misoprostol and chlorhexidine into province-specific essential drug lists, development and endorsement of clinical protocols for the two drugs by provincial health departments, inclusion of misoprostol into pre-service training curriculum for several health cadres, and application for registration of chlorhexidine (at the concentration required for newborn care) by two pharmaceutical companies. These results were achieved by a consultative and evidence-based process which generated feedback from community members, program implementers, and policymakers, and ultimately put the government in the driver's seat to facilitate change. Community Action Dialogue forums were linked with provincial-level Technical Working Groups and Provincial Steering Committees, who passed on endorsed recommendations to the Health Secretary. The key factors which facilitated change were the identification of champions within the provincial health departments, prioritization of relationship building and follow-up, focus on concrete advocacy aims rather than broad objectives, and the use of multi-stakeholder forums to secure an enabling environment for the policy changes to take root. While these advocacy initiatives resulted in

Results from a study using misoprostol for management of incomplete abortion in Vietnamese hospitals: implications for task shifting.

Science.gov (United States)

Ngoc, Nguyen Thi Nhu; Shochet, Tara; Blum, Jennifer; Hai, Pham Thanh; Dung, Duong Lan; Nhan, Tran Thanh; Winikoff, Beverly

2013-05-22

Complications following spontaneous or induced abortion are a major cause of maternal morbidity. To manage these complications, post-abortion care (PAC) services should be readily available and easy to access. Standard PAC treatment includes surgical interventions that are highly effective but require surgical providers and medical centers that have the necessary space and equipment. Misoprostol has been shown to be an effective alternative to surgical evacuation and can be offered by lower level clinicians. This study sought to assess whether 400 mcg sublingual misoprostol could effectively evacuate the uterus after incomplete abortion and to confirm its applicability for use at lower level settings. All women presenting with incomplete abortion at one of three hospitals in Vietnam were enrolled. Providers were not asked to record if the abortion was spontaneous or induced. It is likely that all were spontaneous given the legal status and easy access to abortion services in Vietnam. Participants were given 400 mcg sublingual misoprostol and instructed to hold the pills under their tongue for 30 minutes and then swallow any remaining fragments. They were then asked to return one week later to confirm their clinical status. Study clinicians were instructed to confirm a complete expulsion clinically. All women were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding satisfaction with the treatment. Three hundred and two women were enrolled between September 2009 and May 2010. Almost all participants (96.3%) had successful completions using a single dose of 400 mcg misoprostol. The majority of women (87.2%) found the side effects to be tolerable or easily tolerable. Most women (84.3%) were satisfied or very satisfied with the treatment they received; only one was dissatisfied (0.3%). Nine out of ten women would select this method again and recommend it to a friend (91.0% and 90.0%, respectively). This study confirms that 400 mcg sublingual misoprostol effectively evacuates

Implementation of misoprostol for postabortion care in Kenya and Uganda: a qualitative evaluation

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Joachim Osur

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Objective: Evaluate implementation of misoprostol for postabortion care (MPAC in two African countries. Design: Qualitative, program evaluation. Setting: Twenty-five public and private health facilities in Rift Valley Province, Kenya, and Kampala Province, Uganda. Sample: Forty-five MPAC providers, health facility managers, Ministry of Health officials, and non-governmental (NGO staff involved in program implementation. Methods and main outcome measures: In both countries, the Ministry of Health, local health centers and hospitals, and NGO staff developed evidence-based service delivery protocols to introduce MPAC in selected facilities; implementation extended from January 2009 to October 2010. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews evaluated the implementation process, identified supportive and inhibitive policies for implementation, elicited lessons learned during the process, and assessed provider satisfaction and providers’ impressions of client satisfaction with MPAC. Project reports were also reviewed. Results: In both countries, MPAC was easy to use, and freed up provider time and health facility resources traditionally necessary for provision of PAC with uterine aspiration. On-going support of providers following training ensured high quality of care. Providers perceived that many women preferred MPAC, as they avoided instrumentation of the uterus, hospital admission, cost, and stigma associated with abortion. Appropriate registration of misoprostol for use in the pilot, and maintaining supplies of misoprostol, were significant challenges to service provision. Support from the Ministry of Health was necessary for successful implementation; lack of country-based standards and guidelines for MPAC created challenges. Conclusions: MPAC is simple, cost-effective and can be readily implemented in settings with high rates of abortion-related mortality.

Poland syndrome associated with an aberrant subclavian artery and vascular abnormalities of the retina in a child exposed to misoprostol during pregnancy.

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Rosa, Rafael Fabiano Machado; Travi, Giovanni M; Valiatti, Fabiana; Zen, Paulo Ricardo Gazzola; Pinto, Louise Lapagesse; Kiss, Andrea; Graziadio, Carla; Paskulin, Giorgio Adriano

2007-06-01

Poland syndrome has been attributed to a process of vascular disruption, and exposure to misoprostol at 6-8 weeks of gestation has been shown to produce defects attributed to vascular disruption. Herein we report the first case of a patient with Poland syndrome associated with an aberrant subclavian artery and vascular abnormalities of the retina, whose mother used misoprostol during pregnancy. A White boy of 1 year and 7 months of age, whose mother used misoprostol during the second month of pregnancy, presented with bilateral epicanthal folds, aplasia of the sternocostal head of the pectoralis major muscle with a hypoplastic nipple on the right side, and asymmetry between the upper limbs. The results of an angiotomographic study showed the presence of an aberrant right subclavian artery. Ultrasonographic evaluation showed turbulence and a high peak in the diastolic velocity in both carotid arteries, suggesting stenosis. Ophthalmologic assessment disclosed an intense bilateral tortuosity of the retinal blood vessels, with arterialnarrowing and rarefaction of the retinal pigment epithelium. This case suggests that the mechanism of vascular disruption of misoprostol could be related to the aberrant subclavian artery and the observed Poland syndrome. His retinal findings are different from those in cases described thus far in the literature, and this pattern of anomaly has never been associated with a gestational exposure to misoprostol. The possibility of a relationship of the aberrant right subclavian artery and the pattern of blood flow verified in the carotid arteries with the eye fundus abnormalities could be causally related or simply coincidental.

A harm-reduction model of abortion counseling about misoprostol use in Peru with telephone and in-person follow-up: A cohort study.

Science.gov (United States)

Grossman, Daniel; Baum, Sarah E; Andjelic, Denitza; Tatum, Carrie; Torres, Guadalupe; Fuentes, Liza; Friedman, Jennifer

2018-01-01

In Peru, abortion is legal only to preserve the life and health of the woman. A non-profit clinic system in Peru implemented a harm-reduction model for women with unwanted pregnancy that included pre-abortion care with instructions about misoprostol use and post-abortion care; they started offering telephone follow-up for clients in 2011. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the harm-reduction model, and to compare outcomes by type of follow-up obtained. Between January 2012 and March 2013, 500 adult women seeking harm-reduction services were recruited into the study. Telephone surveys were conducted approximately four weeks after their initial harm-reduction counseling session with 262 women (response rate 52%); 9 participants were excluded. The survey focused on whether women pursued an abortion, and if so, what their experience was. Demographic and clinical data were also extracted from clinic records. Eighty-six percent of participants took misoprostol; among those taking misoprostol, 89% reported a complete abortion at the time of the survey. Twenty-two percent obtained an aspiration after taking misoprostol and 8% self-reported adverse events including hemorrhage without transfusion, infection, or severe pain. Among women who took misoprostol, 46% reported receiving in-person follow-up (in some cases both telephone and in-person), 34% received telephone only, and 20% did not report receiving any form of follow-up. Those who had in-person follow-up with the counselor were most likely to report a complete abortion (<0.001). Satisfaction with both types of follow-up was very high, with 81%-89% reporting being very satisfied. Liberalization of restrictive abortion laws is associated with improvements in health outcomes, but the process of legal reform is often lengthy. In the interim, giving women information about evidence-based regimens of misoprostol, as well as offering a range of follow-up options to ensure high quality post

Mifepristone-misoprostol for menstrual regulation in public sector facilities in Bangladesh.

Science.gov (United States)

Alam, Anadil; Lotarevich, Tatyana; Das, Tapash R; Reichenbach, Laura; Bracken, Hillary

2018-02-01

To examine the use of mifepristone and misoprostol for menstrual regulation among Bangladeshi women attending public sector facilities. In a prospective study, women (aged ≥18 years) with up to 9 weeks of amenorrhea were enrolled at 24 government health facilities in Bangladesh from November 2012 to June 2015. Paramedics or female welfare visitors provided most menstrual regulation care. Participants took 200 mg mifepristone followed by 800 μg buccal misoprostol after 24 hours, and were asked to return to the clinic 10-14 days later for clinical assessment and an exit interview. The primary outcome was successful evacuation of the uterus without need for surgical intervention. Women who completed follow-up were included in analyses for the primary outcome. Among 1744 enrolled participants, 1738 completed follow-up. Most (1674, 96.3%) had a successful uterine evacuation without the need for surgical intervention. A successful outcome was significantly more common in primary (724/744, 97.3%) and secondary facilities (861/895, 96.2%) than in the specialty hospital (89/99, 89.9%; Ppublic sector facilities in Bangladesh. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV: NCT01798017. © 2017 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.

Evaluación in vitro de tabletas orales de complejos de cobre con antiinflamatorios no esteroideos

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Julie Fernanda Benavides Arévalo

Full Text Available Introducción: los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINES, son un grupo diverso y químicamente heterogéneo de fármacos analgésicos, antipiréticos y antiinflamatorios; sin embargo, su funcionamiento se ve afectado por su baja solubilidad acuosa y por la incidencia de efectos secundarios gastrointestinales. Como una alternativa a este problema, la formulación de tabletas orales con complejos de cobre con AINES muestra un adecuado comportamiento in vitro y podría tener efectos secundarios reducidos comparados con el fármaco antiinflamatorio no complejado. Objetivo: evaluar los procesos de desintegración y de disolución de tabletas orales de complejos de cobre con AINES. Métodos: luego de la síntesis y la caracterización instrumental de los complejos, se evaluó por microscopia óptica el efecto de la morfología, el tamaño de partícula y las características superficiales en el proceso de disolución; estos resultados fueron considerados para la formulación de los complejos y permitieron junto con la adecuada elección de un desintegrarte, un modificador de flujo, un lubricante y un aglutinante, la obtención de tabletas por compresión directa. Finalmente, en los comprimidos se evaluaron propiedades fisicomecánicas y los procesos de desintegración y disolución. Resultados: las tabletas de los complejos mostraron tiempos de desintegración entre 5 y 15 min y una liberación in vitro del 75 al 93 %. Conclusiones: la disolución de los AINES se vio favorecida por la formación de complejos, el menor tamaño de partícula, la presencia de poros y grietas en la superficie de las partículas y la inclusión de excipientes para la formulación de tabletas orales.

Sonda de Foley cervical versus misoprostol vaginal para o preparo cervical e indução do parto: um ensaio clínico randomizado Cervical Foley catheter versus vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening and induction of labor: a randomized clinical trial

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Maria Virginia de Oliveira e Oliveira

2010-07-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: comparar a efetividade da sonda e Foley com o uso de misoprostol vaginal para o preparo cervical e indução do parto. MÉTODOS: ensaio clínico randomizado, não cego, realizado entre Janeiro de 2006 a Janeiro de 2008. Foram incluídas 160 gestantes com indicação de indução do parto, divididas em dois grupos: 80 para uso da sonda de Foley e 80 para misoprostol vaginal. Os critérios de inclusão foram: idade gestacional a partir de 37 semanas, feto único, vivo, cefálico e índice de Bishop igual ou menor que 4. Foram excluídas pacientes com cicatriz uterina, ruptura das membranas, peso fetal estimado maior que 4000 g, placenta prévia, corioamnionite e condições que impunham o término imediato da gestação. Os testes estatísticos utilizados foram Mann-Whitney, χ2 de Pearson ou exato de Fischer, sendo considerado significativo se menor que 0,005. RESULTADOS: o misoprostol desencadeou mais vezes o parto de forma espontânea (50,0 versus 15,0% para Foley pPURPOSE: to compare the effectiveness of the Foley balloon with vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening and labor induction. METHODS: randomized clinical trial, not blind, conducted from January 2006 to January 2008. A total of 160 pregnant women with indication for induction of labor were included and divided into two groups, 80 for Foley and 80 for vaginal misoprostol. Inclusion criteria were: gestational age of 37 weeks or more, a live single fetus with cephalic presentation and a Bishop score of four or less. We excluded patients with a uterine scar, ruptured membranes, estimated fetal weight greater than 4000 g, placenta previa, chorioamnionitis and conditions that imposed the immediate termination of pregnancy. Statistical tests employed were Mann-Whitney, χ2 test or Fisher's exact test, and p value was significant if less than 0.005. RESULTS: misoprostol triggered more frequently spontaneous delivery (50.0 versus 15.0% for Foley, p<0.001 and required less use of

Training traditional birth attendants to use misoprostol and an absorbent delivery mat in home births.

Science.gov (United States)

Prata, Ndola; Quaiyum, Md Abdul; Passano, Paige; Bell, Suzanne; Bohl, Daniel D; Hossain, Shahed; Azmi, Ashrafi Jahan; Begum, Mohsina

2012-12-01

A 50-fold disparity in maternal mortality exists between high- and low-income countries, and in most contexts, the single most common cause of maternal death is postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). In Bangladesh, as in many other low-income countries, the majority of deliveries are conducted at home by traditional birth attendants (TBAs) or family members. In the absence of skilled birth attendants, training TBAs in the use of misoprostol and an absorbent delivery mat to measure postpartum blood loss may strengthen the ability of TBAs to manage PPH. These complementary interventions were tested in operations research among 77,337 home births in rural Bangladesh. The purpose of this study was to evaluate TBAs' knowledge acquisition, knowledge retention, and changes in attitudes and practices related to PPH management in home births after undergoing training on the use of misoprostol and the blood collection delivery mat. We conclude that the training was highly effective and that the two interventions were safely and correctly used by TBAs at home births. Data on TBA practices indicate adherence to protocol, and 18 months after the interventions were implemented, TBA knowledge retention remained high. This program strengthens the case for community-based use of misoprostol and warrants consideration of this intervention as a potential model for scale-up in settings where complete coverage of skilled birth attendants (SBAs) remains a distant goal. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Hidratación oral con una solución a base de harina de plátano precocida con electrolitos estandarizados.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Bernal

2005-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar si una solución de hidratación oral a base de harina de plátano precocida con electrolitos, además de ser efectiva para tratar la deshidratación, tiene propiedades antidiarreicas. Material y métodos. Se incluyeron 101 niños con edades entre 1 y 41 meses con diarrea de menos de una semana y deshidratación leve, y sin complicaciones asociadas. El grupo 1 (54 niños recibió sales de rehidratación oral de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (SRO/OMS; el grupo 2 (47 niños recibió solución con concentraciones de electrolitos similares pero que, en lugar de la glucosa, contiene 50 g de harina de plátano precocida (sales de rehidratación oral/plátano (SRO/plátano. Resultados. Se hidrató con éxito el 94,4% de los niños en el grupo SRO/OMS, y el 91,5% (p=0,70 del grupo SRO/plátano. El tiempo necesario para lograr la hidratación fue de 5,8 horas (DE=±3,0 en el grupo SRO/OMS y de 6,2 horas (DE:±3,7 en el grupo SRO/plátano (p=0,31. El gasto fecal hasta alcanzar la hidratación en el grupo SRO/OMS fue de 7,5 g/kg por hora (DE=±7,6, y en el grupo SRO/plátano de 7,05 g/kg por hora (DE=±9,4 (p=0,78. No hubo diferencia significativa en el sodio plasmático. El período de observación para el grupo SRO/OMS fue de 22,3 horas (DE=±5,3, y de 22,7 horas (DE=±4,7 para el grupo SRO/plátano. El gasto fecal durante el período de observación fue de 5,7 g/kg por hora (DE=±4,7 para el grupo SRO/OMS y de 6,3 g/kg por hora (DE=±7,9 para el grupo SRO/plátano (p=0,67. La proporción de niños que necesitaron líquidos endovenosos durante las primeras veinticuatro horas fue de 11,1% en el grupo SRO/OMS y de 8,5% en el grupo SRO/plátano (RR=1,31; C 95%: 0,39 a 4,35. Conclusiones. La solución a base de harina de plátano es efectiva y segura para corregir la deshidratación. No se pudo demostrar en este estudio el efecto antidiarreico de la solución a base de harina de plátano.

Associação de misoprostol, síndrome de Moebius e hipoventilação central congênita: relato de caso

OpenAIRE

NUNES, MAGDA LAHORGUE; FRIENDRICH, MAURÍCIO A. G.; LOCH, LUIZ FERNANDO

1999-01-01

We report a case showing the association of Moebius syndrome, the use of misoprostol during pregnancy and the development of central congenital alveolar hypoventilation. Pathophysiological aspects of these three diseases are discussed and also the unfavorable prognosis of this association.Descrevemos o caso de um paciente com Síndrome de Moebius associada ao uso de misoprostol durante a gestação. A criança necessitou de suporte ventilatório desde o primeiro dia de vida e evoluiu com quadro de...

ORIGINAL ARTICLES Can the outcome of induction of labour with ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

ORIGINAL ARTICLES. Can the outcome of induction of labour with oral misoprostol be predicted? A M Mbele, J D Makin, R C Pattinson. Objective. To determine predictors of outcome for induction of labour using oral misoprostol. Setting. Labour ward at Kalafong Hospital in Atteridgeville,. Pretoria, that serves an indigent ...

Labour induction at term - a randomised trial comparing Foley ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

More analgesia was used in the Foley catheter/misoprostol group than in the misoprostol group (64/172 v. 46/175). Side effects and neonatal complications were similar for the three groups. Conclusions. Use of extra-amniotic Foley catheter placement showed no measurable benefits over the use of oral misoprostol alone, ...

Differential radioprotective effects of misoprostol in DNA repair-proficient and -deficient or radiosensitive cell systems

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Buul, P. P.; van Duyn-Goedhart, A.; de rooij, D. G.; Sankaranarayanan, K.

1997-01-01

The protective effects of misoprostol (MP), an analogue of prostaglandin E1, on X-ray-induced chromosomal aberrations, were studied in normal or mutant Chinese hamster cell lines grown as spheroids in vitro and on cell-killing in stem-cell spermatogonia of a mutant (acid) mouse strain or its

Interacción de los antineoplásicos orales con los alimentos: revisión sistemática

OpenAIRE

Jiménez Torres, N. Víctor; Romero Crespo, I.; Ballester Solaz, M.; Albert Marí, María Asunción; Jiménez Arenas, V.

2009-01-01

Introducción: Los estudios de biodisponibilidad son parte integrante del desarrollo clínico de medicamentos para administración oral con el fin de identificar potenciales interacciones fármaco-alimento (iFA). Actualmente, para los antineoplásicos orales se empieza a reconocer su importancia clínica, aun cuando lamentablemente, la información disponible presenta variabilidad en su evidencia científica. Objetivos: Revisar la evidencia científica disponible sobre las i...

prognova compatibility mifepristone and misoprostol treatment missed abortion 150 cases analysis%补佳乐配伍米非司酮、米索前列醇治疗稽留流产150例分析

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

潘静; 张清华

2012-01-01

　　Objective To analyzes prognova compatibility mifepristone and misoprostol on the curative effect of missed abortion. Methods 150 cases of missed abortion patients oral prognova 3 mg three times a day, and at the same time, graded and clothing mifepristone 50 mg a day secondary x3 day, a total of 300 mg, The fourth day meal suit misoprostol 600 ug, after observation abdominal pain, bleeding, organization content discharge and the qing dynasty palace, etc.Results Complete abortion rate 93.07%, incomplete abortion rate 4.6%, not abortion is 2.3%.Conclusion prognova compatibility mifepristone and misoprostol for missed abortion patients safe, effective, convenient.%　　目的：探讨补佳乐配伍米非司酮、米索前列醇对稽留流产的疗效.方法：150例稽留流产患者口服补佳乐3 mg 一日三次,同时分次加服米非司酮50 mg 一日二次 x3天,共计300mg,第4天顿服米索前列醇600ug,用药后观察腹痛、出血、组织物排出及清宫等情况.结果：完全流产率93.07%,不全流产率4.6%,未流产者占2.3%.结论：补佳乐配伍米非司酮、米索前列醇对稽留流产患者安全、有效、方便.

Interacción de los antineoplásicos orales con los alimentos: revisión sistemática Antineoplastic oral agents and drug-nutrient interactions: a sistematic review

OpenAIRE

N. V. Jiménez Torres; I. Romero Crespo; M. Ballester Solaz; A. Albert Marí; V. Jiménez Arenas

2009-01-01

Introducción: Los estudios de biodisponibilidad son parte integrante del desarrollo clínico de medicamentos para administración oral con el fin de identificar potenciales interacciones fármaco-alimento (iFA). Actualmente, para los antineoplásicos orales se empieza a reconocer su importancia clínica, aun cuando lamentablemente, la información disponible presenta variabilidad en su evidencia científica. Objetivos: Revisar la evidencia científica disponible sobre las interacciones de los aliment...

Comparison of misoprostol (pge1) analogue with dinoprostone (pge2) for induction of labour

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tahir, N.; Afzal, B.; Chohan, S.

2013-01-01

Objective: To compare the results of induction of labour with misoprostol (PGE1 analogue) with dinoprostone (PGE2 analogue) in terms of induction delivery interval, mode of delivery, and the need for oxytocin augmentation. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi. Duration of Study: Six months Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Subject and Method: Total 100 subjects were included in this study. These patients were divided in groups-A and B. Group-A was induced with prostin tablet i.e. dinoprostone PGE2 3 mg tablets maximum of 2 doses, 6 hours apart. Group-B induced with prosotec 50 mu gm 4 hourly, 4 doses. The subjects were full term pregnant women who were either primigravida, 2nd or 3rd gravid and had bishop score less than 5. Results: The patients included in the study were between the ages of 19 to 37 years. The mean age of group-A was 26.72 +- 4.62 years and of group-B was 28.4 +- 4.94 years (p value > 0.05). All the patients in both groups were between 37 to 42 weeks of gestation. The mean gestational age of group-A was 39.74 +- 2.09 weeks and in group-B it was 39.62 +- 1.55 weeks (p > 0.05). Oxytocin augmentation was required in late 1st stage and 2nd stage in group-A in 68% cases but it was required in only 30% cases in group-B cases. The maximum duration of labour was more than 11 hours in 24% cases in group-A but only 6% in group-B. Conclusion: Misoprostol (PGE1 analogue) is a useful drug for labour induction. There is short induction delivery interval and reduced need for the use of oxytocin augmentation. There are also less failure rates of induction with misoprostol. Rate of instrumental delivery and caesarean section is also less. (author)

Enfermedad periodontal en pacientes con discapacidad en custodia versus pacientes con discapacidad independientes

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Fermín-Guerrero-Del Ángel

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Identificar el estado de salud periodontal en pacientes con discapacidad en custodia versus pacientes independientes en su higiene oral. Material y métodos: Se examinaron pacientes con discapacidad, ambos sexos, 3 a 19 años que acuden al Servicio de Odontopediatría del Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil Teletón (CRIT Tamaulipas mediante revisión de cavidad oral y aplicación del Índice de Higiene Oral Simplificado (IHOS, Índice Periodontal Comunitario de la Necesidad de Tratamiento (IPCNT y entrevista con su cuidador primario. Se agruparon en dos categorías: Independientes y de Custodia. Resultados: En el total de la muestra la Media y Desviación estándar (D.E. de IPCNT fue de 0.89±0.54, así como el IHOS de 1.88±0.77. El IPCNT en pacientes con discapacidad de Custodia fue 0.91±0.57 e Independientes de 0.86±0.49 (p=0.70, IHOS en pacientes de Custodia 1.89±0.78 e Independientes 1.87±.0.74 (p=.93. IPCNT en géneros masculino 1.03±0.54 y femenino 0.75±0.51 (p=.009. IHOS en pacientes que habitan área rural 2.41±1.25 y área urbana 1.83±0.68 (p=.02. Relación entre la edad y la necesidad de tratamiento periodontal (p=0.001. Frecuencia del cepillado del grupo Independientes 2.03±0.56 y de Custodia 2.00±0.75 (p=.84. Conclusiones: No existe diferencia en el estado de salud periodontal y el grado de higiene oral entre pacientes con discapacidad Independientes y de Custodia. La mayoría de los pacientes Independientes y de Custodia tienen una necesidad de tratamiento de Instrucción de Higiene Oral (TN1 y tienen Higiene Oral Regular.

An Unreported Uterine Rupture in an Unscarred Uterus after Induction of Labour with 25 μg Misoprostol

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rydahl, Eva; Clausen, Jette Aaroe

2014-01-01

Uterine rupture without a former history of cesarean delivery or uterine scarring is an exceedingly rare complication in pregnancy and labor. Misoprostol is widely used to induce labor but there is a lack of knowledge about serious adverse effects. It is especially challenging to collect reports ...

Comparative Study on Effects of Arnebia Euchroma (Royle) Johnst Granular and Decoction Forms on Medical Abortion with Mifepristone and Misoprostol

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

Jian-hua LIU; Hua SUN; Yun-yu FA

2004-01-01

Objective To compare the effects of 2 dosage-forms (granular and decoction) of Arnebia euchroma (royle) Johnst (Arnebia EJ in short below) on medical abortion with that of mifepristone combined with misoprostol Methods Totally 648 women, who had pregnancy of 38-45 d and were willing to terminate pregnancy with mifepristone and misoprostol, were randomly divided into 3groups, each of which was respectively given granular of Arnebia E J, placebo granular,or decoction of Arnebia EJ besides mifepristone and misoprostol. The abortion results,bleeding duration, menstruation recovery and side-effects were observed.Results Neither complete abortion rates nor average bleeding durations of the granular group and the decoction group were significantly different (P＞0. 05). The complete abortion rate and bleeding duration of the two groups were respectively higher and shorter than those of the placebo group (P＜0. 05). However, the menstruation recovery was not significantly different among the three groups (P＞0. 05). The decoctionof Arnebia EJ caused significantly more nausea and vomiting than the other groups (P＜0. 05).Conclusion The granular form did not have the odor of Arnebia E J, and caused much less nausea and vomiting compared with the decoction form. The granular and decoction forms were equally effective in improving the results of medical abortion. Therefore it is necessary to conduct further studies on the granular form of Arnebia EJ.

Comparison of the Effect of Rectal Misoprostol and IM Syntometrin in the Prevention of Post Partum Hemorrhage

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M. Samimi

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Introduction & Objective: In developing countries, postpartum hemorrhage is one of the preventable causes of maternal mortality. The aim of this study is comparison of the effect of rectal misoprostol and intramascular syntometerine in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. Materials & Methods: This study was a double blind randomized clinical trial and carried on 200 pregnant women referred to Shabiehkhani maternity center in 2010. The first group received 1ml intramuscular syntometrine and the second group received 600 µg misoprostol rectal suppository after placental delivery. The two groups were matched for confounding variables. All of the study subjects were followed up for 24hrs and their blood pressure, pulse rate, uterine tone, before and after delivery hemoglobin, need to additional uterotonic drugs and drug side effects were evaluated and the results were recorded in an information sheet. Finally all the data were entered into SPSS software and analyzed with statistical tests. Results: The mean age of subjects was 25.61±4.75 years, mean gestational age was 38.8±1.2 weeks, and Mean neonatal birth weight was 3346.2±349.56 grams. The mean fall in hemoglobin level in misorostol group was significantly lower than in syntometrin group (P=0.009. But there weren't any significant differences between the two groups in uterine tone, blood pressure, and pulse rate and also in drug side effects. Conclusion: In this study we demonstrated that rectal misoprostol suppository was more effective than injection syntometrin in decreasing postpartum hemorrhage. Thus, it can be used as a choice drug for third stage management (Sci J Hamadan Univ Med Sci 2011;18(2:38-44

Nuevos anticoagulantes orales en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica

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Lara Belmar Vega

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC tienen tendencias hemorrágicas y trombóticas, por lo que la indicación de anticoagulación ante la aparición de fibrilación auricular (FA es compleja. La FA es la arritmia cardíaca crónica más frecuente, siendo el tromboembolismo y el ictus isquémico en particular las complicaciones más importantes. En los últimos años se han desarrollado nuevos fármacos anticoagulantes orales que han mostrado superioridad respecto a los clásicos antagonistas de la vitamina K (AVK en la prevención de ictus, embolismo sistémico y riesgo de sangrado, constituyendo una alternativa eficaz a ellos.

If we can do it for misoprostol, why not for mifepristone? The case for taking mifepristone out of the office in medical abortion.

Science.gov (United States)

Gold, Marji; Chong, Erica

2015-09-01

Given the highly political nature of abortion in the United States, the provision of medical abortion with mifepristone (Mifeprex®) and misoprostol has always occurred under a unique set of circumstances. The Food and Drug Administration-approved regimen requires clinicians to administer the mifepristone in the office and also requires women to return to the office for the misoprostol. In the US, where off-label drug use is an accepted practice when supportive evidence exists, most clinicians give women the misoprostol at the initial visit for her to take at home, eliminating an unnecessary visit to the office. This commentary suggests that, based on current studies, there is also enough evidence to offer women the option to self-administer mifepristone out of the office and that this is just another feature of off-label use. Six studies, enrolling over 1800 women, found that the option of taking mifepristone out of the office was popular and acceptable among women and providers. Given that it is safe, highly acceptable and not burdensome on providers, outside-office-use of mifepristone should be offered to all women as part of routine medical abortion services. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Misoprostol for cervical priming prior to hysteroscopy in postmenopausal and premenopausal nulliparous women; a multicentre randomised placebo controlled trial

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Tasma, M L; Louwerse, M D; Hehenkamp, W J; Geomini, P M; Bongers, M Y; Veersema, S; van Kesteren, P J; Tromp, E; Huirne, J A; Graziosi, G C

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reduction of pain by misoprostol compared with placebo prior to hysteroscopy in postmenopausal and premenopausal nulliparous women. DESIGN: Randomised multicentre double-blind placebo controlled trial. SETTING: Two Dutch teaching hospitals and one Dutch university medical

Actinomicosis: presentación de un caso y revisión del tema con énfasis en los aspectos orales Actinomycosis in children with emphasis on oral aspects

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Luis Fernando Gómez Jiménez

1997-04-01

Full Text Available En el presente artículo se actualizan los conocimientos sobre actinomicosis y se presenta el caso de un niño con la forma torácica de dicha entidad. La actinomicosis es una infección infrecuente que puede afectar cualquier parte del cuerpo; los Actinomyces son bacilos o filamentos gram positivos que forman parte de la flora endógena de las mucosas en especial las de las cavidades oral e intestinal. Su comportamiento es insidioso pero en oportunidades tiene expresión aguda, fistulización a piel y cicatrización con fibrosis. Los llamados gránulos de azufre son una característica macroscópica del exudado que contribuye al diagnóstico de laboratorio. La infección inicial para la forma cervicofacial suele provenir de la cavidad oral y extenderse a la vecindad o ser aspirada a los pulmones. El tratamiento de elección es la penicilina, inicialmente endovenosa y seguidamente oral por un lapso no menor de 6 meses. Algunas formas requieren manejo quirúrgico. We report the case of a child with thoracic actinomycosis and review this disease. Actinomycosis is a rare infection that can affect any part of the body; Actinomyces are gram positive bacilli or filaments belonging to the endogenous flora of the mUCOUS membranes, specially that of the oral cavity and the intestinal tract. Actinomycosis usually behaves as an insidioUS disease but may ocassionally have acute expressions with fistulization to the skin and fibroUS healing during resolution. The So called sulfur granules are an important macroscopic detail that helps establish the diagnosis. Actinomyces infections usually start in the oral cavity for the cervicofacial form and then spread to contiguous tissues or to the lungs via aspiration. Penicillin is the drug of choice and surgical drainage may become necessary.

Focos sépticos bucales en pacientes con uveítis Oral sepsis in patients with uveitis

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Maritza Peña Sisto

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 26 pacientes con uveítis, atendidos en el Servicio de Estomatología del Hospital General Docente "Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, desde mayo hasta diciembre del 2011, con vistas a describir las infecciones bucales frecuentemente asociadas a dicha afección y la importancia del tratamiento estomatológico en estos enfermos. La información se obtuvo de las entrevistas y las historias clínicas; además, se realizó examen físico intrabucal y estudio radiográfico para diagnosticar y tratar la presencia de caries, procesos periapicales, procesos pulpares y enfermedades periodontales. Se empleó el programa SPSS versión 10.0 y como medidas de resumen, los índices y los porcentajes. Todos los afectados presentaron algún tipo de infección bucal, con mayor frecuencia de las periodontitis y los procesos periapicales en dientes posteriores del maxilar superior. La agudeza visual tuvo gran mejoría debido al tratamiento conjunto oftalmológico y estomatológico.A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 26 patients with uveitis, treated at the Stomatology Department of "Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba from May to December 2011, in order to describe oral infections often associated with this condition and the importance of dental treatment in these patients. Data were obtained from interviews and medical records. Moreover, oral examination and radiographic study were performed to diagnose and treat dental caries, periapical and pulpal conditions and periodontal diseases. The software SPSS version 10.0 and rates and percentages as summary measure were used. All patients had some type of oral infection with increased frequency of periodontitis and periapical conditions in posterior maxillary teeth. Visual acuity greatly improved due to combined dental and ophthalmological treatment.

Misoprostol, an anti-ulcer agent and PGE2 receptor agonist, protects against cerebral ischemia

OpenAIRE

Li, Jun; Liang, Xibin; Wang, Qian; Breyer, Richard M.; McCullough, Louise; Andreasson, Katrin

2008-01-01

Induction of COX-2 activity in cerebral ischemia results in increased neuronal injury and infarct size. Recent studies investigating neurotoxic mechanisms of COX-2 demonstrate both toxic and paradoxically protective effects of downstream prostaglandin receptor signaling pathways. We tested whether misoprostol, a PGE2 receptor agonist that is utilized clinically as an anti-ulcer agent and signals through the protective PGE2 EP2, EP3, and EP4 receptors, would reduce brain injury in the murine m...

Cambios citomorfométricos en células de la mucosa oral de pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Evaluación de su utilidad diagnóstica

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Andrés Cornejo

2016-09-01

Full Text Available La citología exfoliativa ha mostrado previamente cambios citomorfométricos en descamados celulares orales en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DB2. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la capacidad de identificar la presencia de DB2 a partir de estos cambios. Mediante citología exfoliativa oral de pacientes diabéticos (n=30 y controles (n=30 se obtuvieron (en dos registros, con intervalo de un mes los valores de diámetro nuclear (DN, diámetro citoplasmático (DC, proporción núcleo:citoplasma (RNC y presencia/ausencia de cariorrexis y binucleación. Además se registraron los valores de glicemia capilar y hemoglobina glicosilada (Hb1Ac. El grupo DB2 mostró un aumento estadísticamente significativo del DN y RNC (valor p<0,05, Test t de Student en comparación con los pacientes sin diabetes. También se observó una asociación entre cariorrexis y binucleación (valor p<0,005, Test exacto de Fisher con DB2. El modelo de regresión logística binaria, que incluyó las variables DN y DC, explicó pobremente la varianza del diagnóstico, con una especificidad y sensibilidad moderada para la clasificación de los pacientes con DB2. Las células de la mucosa oral de pacientes con DB2 presentan un mayor diámetro nuclear y RNC, correlacionándose con los valores de glicemia, sin embargo no es posible clasificar a partir de estos análisis si los pacientes poseen DB2.

Acute intestinal injury induced by acetic acid and casein: prevention by intraluminal misoprostol

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Miller, M.J.; Zhang, x.J.; Gu, x.A.; Clark, D.A.

1991-01-01

Acute injury was established in anesthetized rabbits by intraluminal administration of acetic acid with and without bovine casein, into loops of distal small intestine. Damage was quantified after 45 minutes by the blood-to-lumen movement of 51 Cr-labeled ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and fluorescein isothiocyanate-tagged bovine serum albumin as well as luminal fluid histamine levels. The amount of titratable acetic acid used to lower the pH of the treatment solutions to pH 4.0 was increased by the addition of calcium gluconate. Luminal acetic acid caused a 19-fold increase in 51 Cr-EDTA accumulation over saline controls; casein did not modify this effect. In saline controls, loop fluid histamine levels bordered on the limits of detection (1 ng/g) but were elevated 19-fold by acetic acid exposure and markedly increased (118-fold) by the combination of acid and casein. Intraluminal misoprostol (3 or 30 micrograms/mL), administered 30 minutes before acetic acid, significantly attenuated the increase in epithelial permeability (luminal 51 Cr-EDTA, fluorescein isothiocyanate-bovine serum albumin accumulation) and histamine release (P less than 0.05). Diphenhydramine, alone or in combination with cimetidine, and indomethacin (5 mg/kg IV) were not protective. It is concluded that exposure of the epithelium to acetic acid promotes the transepithelial movement of casein leading to enhanced mast cell activation and mucosal injury. Damage to the epithelial barrier can be prevented by misoprostol

Acute intestinal injury induced by acetic acid and casein: prevention by intraluminal misoprostol

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Miller, M.J.; Zhang, x.J.; Gu, x.A.; Clark, D.A. (Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans (USA))

1991-07-01

Acute injury was established in anesthetized rabbits by intraluminal administration of acetic acid with and without bovine casein, into loops of distal small intestine. Damage was quantified after 45 minutes by the blood-to-lumen movement of {sup 51}Cr-labeled ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and fluorescein isothiocyanate-tagged bovine serum albumin as well as luminal fluid histamine levels. The amount of titratable acetic acid used to lower the pH of the treatment solutions to pH 4.0 was increased by the addition of calcium gluconate. Luminal acetic acid caused a 19-fold increase in {sup 51}Cr-EDTA accumulation over saline controls; casein did not modify this effect. In saline controls, loop fluid histamine levels bordered on the limits of detection (1 ng/g) but were elevated 19-fold by acetic acid exposure and markedly increased (118-fold) by the combination of acid and casein. Intraluminal misoprostol (3 or 30 micrograms/mL), administered 30 minutes before acetic acid, significantly attenuated the increase in epithelial permeability (luminal {sup 51}Cr-EDTA, fluorescein isothiocyanate-bovine serum albumin accumulation) and histamine release (P less than 0.05). Diphenhydramine, alone or in combination with cimetidine, and indomethacin (5 mg/kg IV) were not protective. It is concluded that exposure of the epithelium to acetic acid promotes the transepithelial movement of casein leading to enhanced mast cell activation and mucosal injury. Damage to the epithelial barrier can be prevented by misoprostol.

ESTRATEGIAS DIDÁCTICAS MEDIADAS CON TIC EN UN CURSO DE EXPRESIÓN ORAL FRANCESA

OpenAIRE

Kuok-Wa Chao Chao

2014-01-01

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación acerca del uso de las estrategias mediadas por tecnología de la información y comunicación (TIC) con las herramientas Exelearning, Aula Virtual de Apoyo de Metics y Audacity, en el curso de Expresión Oral I, específicamente en el módulo de Fonética de las carreras de Bachillerato en Francés y Bachillerato en la Enseñanza del Francés, durante el primer semestre de 2013, en la Universidad de Costa Rica. Esta investigación de tipo cualit...

Factors influencing women's preferences for subsequent management in the event of incomplete evacuation of the uterus after misoprostol treatment for miscarriage

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hentzen, Judith E. K. R.; Verschoor, Marianne A.; Lemmers, Marike; Ankum, Willem M.; Mol, Ben Willem J.; van Wely, Madelon

2017-01-01

STUDY QUESTION: What affects women's treatment preferences in the management of an incomplete evacuation of the uterus after misoprostol treatment for a first-trimester miscarriage? SUMMARY ANSWER: Women's treatment preferences in the management of an incomplete evacuation of the uterus after

Pérdida de la expresión antigénica ABH en pacientes con lesiones orales precancerosas y cancerosas Loss of ABH antigenic expression in patients with precancerous and cancerous oral lesions

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Carlos Campi

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Los antígenos ABH, productos de la interacción de 2 sistemas genéticos, Hh y ABO, están sujetos a leyes de herencia y pueden estar localizados no sólo en los eritrocitos, sino también en la mayoría de las células humanas. El objetivo del este trabajo fue investigar la expresión de antígenos ABH en pacientes con lesiones orales premalignas y malignas orales. Se trabajó con muestras incluidas en tacos de parafina de pacientes con lesiones orales (n= 57. Los pacientes fueron clasificados en 2 grupos: a lesiones premalignas y malignas diagnosticadas clínica y anatopatológicamente y b lesiones benignas (n=93. Se investigaron los antígenos ABH por la técnica de inmunoadherencia específica modificada. Se utilizó la adherencia al tejido vascular como control positivo y al tejido adiposo como control negativo. Los resultados fueron semicuantificados desde adherencia fuertemente positiva a negativa. Se observó una significativa relación entre la expresión antigénica ABH y el grado de malignidad de las lesiones analizadas (P Yates= 0,005. La pérdida de reactividad ABH en los sitios de mayor invasividad tumoral se correlaciona con el grado del desarrollo del tumor, el grado histológico y su malignidad.The ABH antigens, which are produced by the interaction of 2 genetic systems, Hh and ABO, are subjected to laws of heredity and may be located not only in the erythrocytes, but also in most of the human cells. The objective of this paper was to investigate the expression of ABH antigens in patients with premalignant and malignant oral lesions. Work was done with samples included in paraffin plugs in patients with oral lesions (n= 57. The patients were classified into 2 groups: a clinical and anatomopathologically diagnosed premalignant and malignant lesions, and b benign lesions (n=93. The ABH antigens were investigated by the modified specific immunoadherence technique. Adherence to the vascular tissue was used as a positive control

Efficacy of Sublingual Misoprostol versus Intramuscular Methylergometrine in Prevention of Primary Postpartum Hemorrhage

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anwar, R.; Ambreen, A.; Khuram, A.; Mushtaq, M.

2013-01-01

Post partum hemorrhage still remains a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Most of oxytocics like methylergometrine require parenteral administration, which requires special storage. Misoprostol is thermo stable, has a long shelf life and is widely recommended for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. This can be a choice of oxytocic in developing countries like ours, where storage facilities and resources are limited. Objectives: To compare efficacy of sublingual Misoprostol versus intramuscular Methylergometrine in prevention of primary postpartum hemorrhage after delivery. Study Design: Quasi experimental study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Gynae/Obs, Military Hospital and Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi cantt. December 2007 to July 2008. Material and Methods: One hundred and thirty six pregnant ladies were selected. On arrival each patient was examined thoroughly along with baseline investigations. Therapeutic option was allocated to the patients simply by using a table of random numbers and dividing them in two equal groups. Informed written consent was taken. Each patient was observed for blood loss estimation and hematocrit drop. All the data was analyzed using SPSS version 10.0. Mean +- SD for age, pre-delivery and post-delivery hematocrit, percentage of drop in hematocrit and blood loss during labour was calculated. Results: Mean drop of hematocrit and blood loss were compared among two groups. At the end, it was revealed that there was no significant difference among two groups in blood loss (p=0.49) and hematocrit drop (p=0.14). Conclusion: There is no significant better effect in preventing post partum hemorrhage among the two drugs. (author)

Medical management of early pregnancy failure (EPF): a retrospective analysis of a combined protocol of mifepristone and misoprostol used in clinical practice.

Science.gov (United States)

Colleselli, Valeria; Schreiber, Courtney A; D'Costa, Elisabeth; Mangesius, Stephanie; Wildt, Ludwig; Seeber, Beata E

2014-06-01

To evaluate the efficacy of a combined protocol of mifepristone and misoprostol in the management of early pregnancy failure (EPF) and the average time to expulsion of tissue and rate of side effects. Retrospective chart review of all consecutive women treated with primary medical management for EPF at our institution from 2006 to 2012. 168 patients were included in the present study. The overall success rate, defined as the absence of the need for surgical intervention, was 61 % and did not differ by calendar year. There was no difference in success rate grouped by diagnosis [intrauterine embryonic/fetal demise (IUED/IUFD) vs. anembryonic gestation; p = 0.30] or gestational age (800 μg (68 vs. 50 %, p = 0.029). Of the possible predictive factors of success, only the dose of misoprostol required was a significant independent negative predictor. Mean and median time to tissue expulsion after the first dose of misoprostol were 8.4 and 5.5 h, respectively. The incidence of side effects was low with no blood transfusions required. The success rate in this study is markedly below published data. This can possibly be attributed to retrospective study design, allowing for physician subjectivity and patients' wishes in the absence of strict study requirements. The protocol was well tolerated with a paucity of side effects. We make suggestions for enhancing success rates in the clinical setting by optimizing medication protocols, establishing precise treatment guidelines and training physicians in the accurate interpretation of treatment outcomes.

Does sublingual misoprostol reduce pain and facilitate IUD insertion in women with no previous vaginal delivery? A randomized controlled trial

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Amr Adel Mansy

2018-03-01

Conclusion: Although misoprostol is used in cervical ripening in labour induction and medical evacuation of missed abortion, its use to facilitate IUD insertion in women with tight cervix or in whom vaginal delivery was not experienced, has no role in pain reduction or increase the ease of IUD insertion.

Linfoma de Burkitt primario de la cavidad oral en una paciente con sida. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura

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Marcelo Corti

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Los linfomas no Hodgkin (LNH son un grupo heterogéneo de enfermedades linfoproliferativas con elevada prevalencia en pacientes infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH. La inmunodeficiencia asociada al sida predispone al desarrollo de LNH, incluyendo el linfoma de Burkitt (LB. El LB es un subtipo infrecuente y agresivo de LNH con elevada frecuencia en pacientes con sida. Se asocia a una alta tasa de replicación celular (determinada por el índice Ki67 y con alta frecuencia de compromiso extranodal como forma de presentación clínica de la neoplasia. Se presenta una paciente con sida que desarrolló un LB primario de la cavidad oral y se realiza una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema.

Prevention of postpartum haemorrhage by community-based auxiliary midwives in hard-to-reach areas of Myanmar: a qualitative inquiry into acceptability and feasibility of task shifting.

Science.gov (United States)

Than, Kyu Kyu; Mohamed, Yasmin; Oliver, Victoria; Myint, Theingi; La, Thazin; Beeson, James G; Luchters, Stanley

2017-05-17

In Myanmar, postpartum haemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality and contributes to around 30% of all maternal deaths. The World Health Organization recommends training and supporting auxiliary midwives to administer oral misoprostol for prevention of postpartum haemorrhage in resource-limited settings. However, use of misoprostol by auxiliary midwives has not formally been approved in Myanmar. Our study aimed to explore community and provider perspectives on the roles of auxiliary midwives and community-level provision of oral misoprostol by auxiliary midwives. A qualitative inquiry was conducted in Ngape Township, Myanmar. A total of 15 focus group discussions with midwives, auxiliary midwives, community members and mothers with children under the age of three were conducted. Ten key informant interviews were performed with national, district and township level health planners and implementers of maternal and child health services. All audio recordings were transcribed verbatim in Myanmar language. Transcripts of focus group discussions were fully translated into English before coding, while key informants' data were coded in Myanmar language. Thematic analysis was done using ATLAS.ti software. Home births are common and auxiliary midwives were perceived as an essential care provider during childbirth in hard-to-reach areas. Main reasons provided were that auxiliary midwives are more accessible than midwives, live in the hard-to-reach areas, and are integrated in the community and well connected with midwives. Auxiliary midwives generally reported that their training involved instruction on active management of the third stage of labour, including use of misoprostol, but not all auxiliary midwives reported using misoprostol in practice. Supportive reasons for task-shifting administration of oral misoprostol to auxiliary midwives included discussions around the good relationship and trust between auxiliary midwives and midwives, whereby midwives felt

Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud oral, características socioeconómicas y de comportamiento de los pacientes fisurados menores de 7 años

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Ana Carolina Silva Cordeiro

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Introducción: Labio y paladar fisurado es una malformación congénita en la región del labio y/o paladar, pudiendo ser uni o bilateral, causada por la falta de cierre de dichas estructuras, su gravedad puede variar y afectar los hábitos y la calidad de vida en relación con la salud oral. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud oral y las características socio-conductuales de pacientes fisurados menores de 7 años. Materiales y Métodos: Después de la aprobación del comité de ética, el estudio se llevó a cabo en un centro de atención clínica de los pacientes con dicha alteracion, y la muestra de conveniencia consistió en 19 pacientes cuyos cuidadores aceptaron participar y responder a los cuestionarios solicitados. Un cuestionario para medir la calidad de vida en relación con la salud oral se aplicó a los responsables. Las variables socioeconómicas se recolectaron a través de un cuestionario específico utilizado previamente, así como las preguntas sobre el miedo y el cuidado de la higiene bucal de los niños. Los datos se analizaron de manera descriptiva. Resultados: La mayoría de los pacientes pertenecían al sexo masculino y la edad media fue de 3,9 años. Gran parte de los cuidadores reportó dificultades y el miedo para la realización de la higiene bucal y alimentación de los niños. En cuanto a la calidad de vida se percibió un mayor impacto en la sesión del niño que en de la familia. Conclusión: Se puede concluir que los pacientes menores de 7 años con labio y paladar fisurados pueden tener dificultades en la limpieza y la alimentación, así como los cambios en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud oral.

Estrategias didácticas mediadas con TIC en un curso Expresión Oral francesa

OpenAIRE

Kuok-Wa Chao Chao

2014-01-01

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación acerca del uso de las estrategias mediadas por tecnología de la información y comunicación (TIC) con las herramientas Exelearning, Aula Virtual de Apoyo de Metics y Audacity, en el curso de Expresión Oral I, específicamente en el módulo de Fonética de las carreras de Bachillerato en Francés y Bachillerato en la Enseñanza del Francés, durante el primer semestre de 2013, en la Universidad de Costa Rica. Esta investigación de tipo cualit...

Diseño de una formulación de ciclosporina A solución oral con alto grado de dispersión

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Suslebys Salomón Izquierdo

2013-03-01

Full Text Available La ciclosporina A (CsA por sus propiedades inmunosupresoras es empleada en el transplante de órganos sólidos, médula ósea, así como para determinados estadíos de ciertas enfermedades autoinmunes. En Cuba, se comercializa una solución oral que presenta problemas de absorción gastrointestinal. Objetivos: lograr una microemulsión preconcentrada conteniendo ciclosporina A con alto grado de dispersión, igual o mayor que la formulación comercial. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de porcentajes de los emulgentes y el balance hidrófilo lipófilo (HLB, en los intervalos que permitieran obtener sistemas automicroemulsionables a través de un diseño factorial multinivel. Se empleó el porciento de transmitancia como variable de respuesta en la determinación del grado de dispersión de la formulación. También se realizó la evaluación de las características organolépticas de la formulación seleccionada, el estudio reológico, el conteo microbiano y la efectividad antimicrobiana. Resultados: los factores estudiados tienen influencia significativa sobre el porcentaje de transmitancia, la formulación con mayor grado de dispersión se logró empleando un 60 % de emulgentes junto a un HLB de 11,5 con valores de transmitancia de 95,03 %, significativamente mayor que el del producto líder en formato de cápsulas blandas que fue de 84,6 %. Organolépticamente el producto cumple con las características de líquido transparente, brillante y sin partículas en suspensión, con comportamiento Newtoniano desde el punto de vista reológico. El conteo de bacterias y hongos cumplió con los requisitos establecidos en la Farmacopea de los Estados Unidos para soluciones orales. Conclusiones: se logró una microemulsión preconcentrada de CsA en solución bebible con alto grado de dispersión, cumpliendo con los requisitos físicos y microbiológicos establecidos para este tipo de forma farmacéutica.

Efficacy and safety of misoprostol, dinoprostone and Cook's balloon for labour induction in women with foetal growth restriction at term.

Science.gov (United States)

Duro-Gómez, Jorge; Garrido-Oyarzún, María Fernanda; Rodríguez-Marín, Ana Belén; de la Torre González, Antonio Jesús; Arjona-Berral, José Eduardo; Castelo-Branco, Camil

2017-10-01

To compare effectiveness and safety of dinoprostone, misoprostol and Cook's balloon as labour-inducing agents in women with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) at term. Retrospective cohort chart review of women diagnosed with foetal growth restriction at term in Reina Sofia Hospital, Cordoba, Spain from January 2014 to December 2015. Registration of baseline characteristics and method of induction was made. The main outcome was time from induction to delivery. Obstetric and perinatal outcomes were also collected. A total of 99 women were diagnosed with IUGR in the mentioned period. Of them, 21 women were induced with dinoprostone [dinoprostone group (DG)], 20 with misoprostol (MG) and in 58 with Cook's balloon (CG). Groups were homogeneous regarding pre-induction Bishop score and parity. The CG required more time (24.36 vs. 19.23 h; p = 0.02) and more oxytocin dose for conduction of labour from induction to delivery (6.75 vs. 1.24 mUI; p women with IUGR at term, with a similar safety profile.

ESTRATEGIAS DIDÁCTICAS MEDIADAS CON TIC EN UN CURSO DE EXPRESIÓN ORAL FRANCESA

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Kuok-Wa Chao Chao

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación acerca del uso de las estrategias mediadas por tecnología de la información y comunicación (TIC con las herramientas Exelearning, Aula Virtual de Apoyo de Metics y Audacity, en el curso de Expresión Oral I, específicamente en el módulo de Fonética de las carreras de Bachillerato en Francés y Bachillerato en la Enseñanza del Francés, durante el primer semestre de 2013, en la Universidad de Costa Rica. Esta investigación de tipo cualitativo se llevó a cabo con estudiantes de dicho curso, que respondieron un instrumento sobre el uso de las TIC en el aprendizaje de la fonética. Como principal conclusión, el estudiantado señala que estas herramientas facilitaron y mejoraron su aprendizaje de la fonética, tanto teórico y práctico, en el francés como lengua extranjera. Además, aporta un cambio al esquema tradicional de la enseñanza de la fonética, haciendo que sea el estudiantado el principal actor del proceso de formación.

Pulpotomía con electrocauterio en pacientes con hemofilia A

OpenAIRE

Carbonell Rodriguez, Rosario

2017-01-01

Rehabilita la salud oral de un niños con Hemofilia A, empleando el Electrocauterio como una alternativa en la terapia pulpar, específicamente en la pulpotomía, para lo cual se realiza un minucioso examen clínico y anamnesis, que respaldados con exámenes complementarios, permite determinar el plan de tratamiento. La rehabilitación integral se llevó a cabo, previo consentimiento informado del padre, en sala de operaciones bajo anestesia general, debido a la condición sistémica del niño. Incl...

Relación del perfil salival con el grado de inmunosupresión en pacientes infectados con VIH con y sin tratamiento antirretroviral

OpenAIRE

Vera Cruz, Moisés; Cornejo Salaza, José; Chiyong, Teresa Evaristo; Arevalo Abanto, Jorge A.; Villanueva Vílchez, Hugo G.

2014-01-01

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el perfil salival de pacientes con infección por VIH con y sin Tratamiento Antirretroviral de Gran Actividad (TARGA), por medio de la evaluación de los síntomas de hipofunción salival (Xerostomía, Disgeusia, Disfagia y Susceptibilidad de desarrollar úlceras orales), la Tasa de Flujo salival no estimulado, el pH salival y la viscosidad salival; estableciendo su relación con el Grado de Inmunosupresión, evaluado por medio del Recuento de Linfocitos CD4/μl. Se...

Estrategias didácticas mediadas con TIC en un curso de expresión oral francesa

OpenAIRE

Chao Chao, Kuok-Wa

2014-01-01

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación acerca del uso de las estrategias mediadas por tecnología de la información y comunicación (TIC) con las herramientas Exelearning, Aula Virtual de Apoyo de Metics y Audacity, en el curso de Expresión Oral I, específicamente en el módulo de Fonética de las carreras de Bachillerato en Francés y Bachillerato en la Enseñanza del Francés, durante el primer semestre de 2013, en la Universidad de Costa Rica. Esta investigación de tipo cualit...

Mifepristone followed by home administration of buccal misoprostol for medical abortion up to 70 days of amenorrhoea in a general practice in Curacao

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Boersma, Adriana A.; Jong, Betty Meyboom-de; Kleiverda, Gunilla

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of home administration of buccal misoprostol after mifepristone for medical abortion up to 70 days' gestation in a general practice in Curacao, where induced abortion is severely restricted by law. Methods In a prospective study 330 women received 200 mg

HELICOBACTER PYLORI EN LA FLORA BACTERIANA ORAL

OpenAIRE

Moromi Nakata, Hilda

2014-01-01

No hay duda de la relación existente entre enfermedades orales con otras enfermedades sistémicas. En tal contexto, las bacterias de la flora bacteriana oral, que alcanzan alrededor de 350 especies, para la mayoría de tales bacterias no se ha demostrado un rol específico, conociéndose sí una clara relación entre los Estreptococos orales (Streptococcus sanguis, Strecoccus mutans, Streptococcus sobri nus) y Actinobacillus actinomycetencomitans, entre otros, con la endocarditis bacteriana; así co...

Rehabilitación oral con prótesis fija

OpenAIRE

Watanabe Velásquez, Romel; Salcedo Moncada, Doris; Ochoa Tataje, Julio; Horna Palomino, Hernán; Herrera Cisneros, Marco; Paz Fernández, Juan José

2014-01-01

El tratamiento fue realizado a un paciente de sexo masculino, de 58 años de edad, con antecedente de accidente de tránsito de hace dos años, con pérdida de dientes, fracturas, necrosis pulpar, y alteración del plano oclusal. Debido a la patología existente, se realizó un tratamiento multidisciplinario con Periodoncia, Endodoncia, Cirugía y Ortodoncia, y en lo referente a prótesis se colocaron espigos, coronas y puentes fijos. El tratamiento fue realizado en un lapso de 5 meses. This treatm...

Diseño de una formulación de ciclosporina A solución oral con alto grado de dispersión Design of a formulation of highly dispersed cyclosporine A oral solution

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Suslebys Salomón Izquierdo

2013-03-01

Full Text Available La ciclosporina A (CsA por sus propiedades inmunosupresoras es empleada en el transplante de órganos sólidos, médula ósea, así como para determinados estadíos de ciertas enfermedades autoinmunes. En Cuba, se comercializa una solución oral que presenta problemas de absorción gastrointestinal. Objetivos: lograr una microemulsión preconcentrada conteniendo ciclosporina A con alto grado de dispersión, igual o mayor que la formulación comercial. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de porcentajes de los emulgentes y el balance hidrófilo lipófilo (HLB, en los intervalos que permitieran obtener sistemas automicroemulsionables a través de un diseño factorial multinivel. Se empleó el porciento de transmitancia como variable de respuesta en la determinación del grado de dispersión de la formulación. También se realizó la evaluación de las características organolépticas de la formulación seleccionada, el estudio reológico, el conteo microbiano y la efectividad antimicrobiana. Resultados: los factores estudiados tienen influencia significativa sobre el porcentaje de transmitancia, la formulación con mayor grado de dispersión se logró empleando un 60 % de emulgentes junto a un HLB de 11,5 con valores de transmitancia de 95,03 %, significativamente mayor que el del producto líder en formato de cápsulas blandas que fue de 84,6 %. Organolépticamente el producto cumple con las características de líquido transparente, brillante y sin partículas en suspensión, con comportamiento Newtoniano desde el punto de vista reológico. El conteo de bacterias y hongos cumplió con los requisitos establecidos en la Farmacopea de los Estados Unidos para soluciones orales. Conclusiones: se logró una microemulsión preconcentrada de CsA en solución bebible con alto grado de dispersión, cumpliendo con los requisitos físicos y microbiológicos establecidos para este tipo de forma farmacéutica.Cyclosporine A (CsA, due to its immunosuppressive

Papel pronóstico de los factores clínicos y epidemiológicos en una cohorte de pacientes con cáncer de cavidad oral y orofaringe

OpenAIRE

Sandoval Puig, Marta

2004-01-01

INTRODUCCIÓN: El cáncer de cavidad oral y orofaringe (cáncer oral) es un problema de salud pública creciente. La tasa anual de incidencia mundial sobrepasa los 3.000.000 de casos nuevos al año. La incidencia del cáncer oral en Cataluña (basado en los registros hospitalarios) se situa en la quinta posición en los hombres (7,1% del total de cánceres). El incremento de la incidencia debe relacionarse con los factores de riesgo identificados, que son el consumo detabaco (fumado y mascado) y de al...

Omeprazole and misoprostol for preventing gastric mucosa effects caused by indomethacin and celecoxib in rats Omeprazol e misoprostol na prevenção de lesões de mucosa gástrica causadas por indometacina e celecoxib em ratos

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Míriam Elias Cavallini

2006-06-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To evaluate and to compare macro and microscopically the intense injuries of the gastric mucosa of rats which were caused by NSAIDS celecoxib and indomethacin and the gastric cytoprotection with omeprazole and misoprostol. METHODS: The sample is formed by one hundred and fifty Wistar rats with average weight 200 g, distributed in four groups, such as: Group A, subdivided in groups A1 and A2 - pre-treatment with omeprazole (20 mg/rat during seven days and on the 8th day - use of NSAIDS, concerning A1 (20 rats were given celecoxib (1mg/rat and A2 (20 rats were given indomethacin. The Group B, subdivided in group B1 and B2 - pre-treatment with misoprostol (20mg/rat during seven days and on the 8th day use of NSAIDS, concerning B1 (20 rats were given celecoxib (1 mg/ rat and B2 (20 rats were given indomethacin (12.5 mg/rat. The Group C: were not given cytoprotection during seven days, from the 7th to the 8th day - fast of food and water ad libitum, on the 8th day of NSAIDS use, concerning C1 (20 rats were given celecoxib, C2 (20 rats were given indomethacin (12.5 mg/ rat, C3 (20 rats were given celecoxib (200mg/rato, and Group D - control group, concerning 10 rats were observed during seven days ingesting food and water ad libitum. On the 9th day, the stomachs were taken out and were macro and microscopically evaluated for the identification of the gastric injuries. RESULTS: On the macroscopic studies, the groups A2, B2 and C2 presented a remarkable high number of injuries for cm² /animal, respectively 18.55 injuries for cm² /animal, 16.25 injuries for cm² /animal and 13.55 injuries for cm²/animal. On the microscopic studies, the percentage of the injured mucosa, presented expressive difference among the groups A1, B1, C1 when compared to the groups A2, B2, C2 (pOBJETIVO: Avaliar e comparar macro e microscopicamente as lesões agudas da mucosa gástrica de ratos provocadas pelos AINEs celecoxib e indometacina e a citoproteção g

Impact of management protocols of intrauterine fetal death on perceived stress: A comparative study

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Mita Mandal

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Pregnancy loss is a distressing problem and retention of dead fetus in utero has its own ill effects on physical, psychological, and social aspects, and hence, it is better to recommend medical induction, provided this can be safely undertaken. Aims: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy, tolerability, induction-delivery interval, and perceived stress scores between induction methods in late intrauterine fetal death (IUFD with misoprostol alone and mifepristone with misoprostol combination in a rural population of Eastern India. Materials and Methods: This pilot study was conducted on 125 patients after taking institutional ethical clearance and informed consent of the patients in a time span of 1 year. Group 2 patients received 200 mg of mifepristone per orally and observed for 48 h, followed by 50 μg misoprostol administered in the posterior vaginal fornix, and repeated 6th hourly up to a maximum of four doses. Group 1 received 50 μg misoprostol per vaginally 6 hourly for four doses. Induction-delivery interval was calculated. Perceived stress level was calculated on admission and before discharge. Results: Significantly lower induction-delivery interval was observed in Group 2 as compared to Group 1 with P < 0.001. There was no significant difference of Cohen's perceived stress scores on admission, but the difference was significantly lower in Group 2 on discharge with the value of P = 0.03. Group 1 had significantly lower hospital stay in days as compared to Group 2 of patients with P < 0.001. Conclusions: Patients with IUFD administered misoprostol per vaginally only may require shorter hospital stay as compared to patients administered with oral mifepristone followed by misoprostol vaginally but the delivery induction time increases significantly and may increase perceived stress levels which may have short- and long-term negative psychological impact.

La atención odontológica del paciente geriátrico con deterioro cognitivo

OpenAIRE

M.C. Haya Fernández; I. Blasco Garrido; M.B. Cabo Pastor

2015-01-01

La investigación clínica ha demostrado que una mejor función cognitiva se relaciona con un mejor estado de salud oral. Y, de la misma manera, los pacientes mayores institucionalizados con deterioro cognitivo presentan una pobre salud oral con mayor número de dientes ausentes, caries, acúmulo de placa y enfermedad periodontal. El diagnóstico precoz del paciente con deterioro cognitivo es fundamental para mejorar el pronóstico de la enfermedad y poder plantear un tratamiento odontológico preven...

Misoprostol versus ergometrine-oxytocin for preventing postpartum haemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Science.gov (United States)

Tan, Jing; Cao, Qiao; He, Guo-Lin; Cai, Yu-Han; Yu, Jia-Jie; Sun, Xin; Li, You-Ping

2016-11-01

To compare the effects of misoprostol versus ergometrine-oxytocin for postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) prevention, and provide important evidence to choose optimal agents for preventing PPH in developing countries. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, EMbase, and ClinicalTrails.gov were searched from inception to 1st January 2016. Two authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias of studies according to Cochrane Handbook5.1.0. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.2.4 software. A total of 4034 women from six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Meta-analyses showed that the PPH rate (7.6% vs. 4.2%, RR = 1.81, 95%CI (1.40, 2.35), P oxytocin group, respectively. But there was no significant difference of severe PPH rate between two groups (1.2% vs. 0.76%, RR = 1.55, 95%CI (0.78, 3.07), P = 0.21). The need for manual removal of placenta in misoprostol was only about one-third of ergometrine-oxytocin (0.5% vs. 1.4%, RR = 0.33, 95%CI (0.15, 0.76), P oxytocin could be deemed as alternative agent in low-resource setting due to recognized effect. As a result of limited evidence about these uterotonic agents, the more high-quality RCTs are needed to determine the potentials and harms of various uterotonic agents for preventing PPH in developing countries. © 2016 Chinese Cochrane Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

Sensibilidad a fluconazol y voriconazol de aislamientos de Candida spp., obtenidos de mucosa oral de pacientes con sida

OpenAIRE

Gutiérrez, Carolina; de Bedout, Catalina; Tobón, Angela María; Cano, Luz Elena; Arango, Myrtha; Tabares, Angela María; Restrepo, Angela

2007-01-01

Se determinó la sensibilidad al fluconazol y al voriconazol de aislamientos de Candida spp. obtenidos de la mucosa oral de 54 pacientes con sida hospitalizados en la ESE Hospital La María (Medellín, Colombia). Además, se comprobó la especie de tales aislamientos. Los pacientes eran todos adultos (promedio de 40,5 años, rango de 23 a 56) y la mayoría (77,8%) hombres. En 40 (71,1%) de ellos se obtuvo crecimiento de Candida spp. y en 6 (11,1%) se aisló más de una especie de Candida. La clasifica...

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African Journals Online (AJOL)

Vol 17, No 1 (2014), Oral misoprostol in the prevention of uterine bleeding after surgical evacuation of first trimester abortion: A comparative study of three uterotonic agents, Abstract PDF. TM Aramide, AK Olusegun, AC Akinfolarin, DF Oriola. Vol 20, No 1 (2017), Oral mucosa and lung cancer: Are genetic changes in the oral ...

Estrategias didácticas mediadas con TIC en un curso Expresión Oral francesa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kuok-Wa Chao Chao

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación acerca del uso de las estrategias mediadas por tecnología de la información y comunicación (TIC con las herramientas Exelearning, Aula Virtual de Apoyo de Metics y Audacity, en el curso de Expresión Oral I, específicamente en el módulo de Fonética de las carreras de Bachillerato en Francés y Bachillerato en la Enseñanza del Francés, durante el primer semestre de 2013, en la Universidad de Costa Rica. Esta investigación de tipo cualitativo se llevó a cabo con estudiantes de dicho curso, que respondieron un instrumento sobre el uso de las TIC en el aprendizaje de la fonética. Como principal conclusión, el estudiantado señala que estas herramientas facilitaron y mejoraron su aprendizaje de la fonética, tanto teórico y práctico, en el francés como lengua extranjera. Además, aporta un cambio al esquema tradicional de la enseñanza de la fonética, haciendo que sea el estudiantado el principal actor del proceso de formación. This article presents the results of an investigation on the use of strategies mediated by tools such as ICT (Information Technology and Communication, eXeLearning , Virtual Classroom Support given by METICS and Audacity, in the course entitled Oral Expression I, specifically in the phonetics’ module which is part of both Bachelor in French and Bachelor in the Teaching of French careers, during the first semester 2013 at the University of Costa Rica . This qualitative study was conducted with the students of the course who answered a questionnaire on the use of ICT in learning phonics. As main conclusion, the students said that these tools provided and improved their learning of phonics both theoretical and practical in the field of French as a foreign language. Also it brings a change to the traditional scheme of phonics instruction, being the student a leading actor in his or her own training process.

Tratamiento crioquirúrgico de pacientes con carcinoma espinocelular bucal Cryosurgical treatment in patients with oral squamous-cell carcinoma

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gladys Aída Estrada Pereira

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 50 pacientes de ambos sexos con carcinoma espinocelular bucal, atendidos en la consulta estomatológica del Policlínico de Especialidades del Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico "Saturnino Lora Torres" de Santiago de Cuba, desde septiembre del 2009 hasta igual mes del 2012, a fin de evaluar los resultados terapéuticos de la criocirugía en el tratamiento de esta enfermedad. La técnica crioquirúrgica se aplicó en la exéresis de la citada afección con repetidas congelaciones súbitas, así como descongelaciones lentas y espontáneas, razón por la cual se logró una excelente cicatrización de los tejidos dañados en el menor tiempo posible. Se demostró que la criocirugía fue un procedimiento sencillo, eficaz, fácil de aplicar, no traumática a la mucosa, sin riesgo ni complicación e inocua a los tejidos bucales; por tanto, impidió la formación de cicatrices residuales.A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in 50 patients of both sexes with oral squamous-cell carcinoma, treated at the stomatology department of the Specialties Polyclinic of "Saturnino Lora Torres" Provincial Teaching Clinical Surgical Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from September 2009 to September 2012, in order to evaluate the therapeutic results of cryosurgery in treating this disease. Cryosurgical technique was applied in the exeresis of damaged tissues with sudden repeated freezing and spontaneous slow thawing, thus achieving an excellent healing of tissues in the possible shortest time. It was demonstrated that cryosurgery was simple, effective and easy to apply, and nontraumatic to the mucosa without risk or complication and safe for oral tissues; therefore, it prevented residual scarring.

Ivermectin-related adverse clinical events in patients treated for Mansonella ozzardi infections Efectos clínicos adversos relacionados con ivermectina en pacientes tratados por infecciones con Mansonella ozzarddi

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alejandro J. Krolewiecki

2011-03-01

Full Text Available We report the occurrence of serious reactions after treatment with oral ivermectin in two patients with Mansonella ozzardi infections. Both had systemic and respiratory symptoms and recovered without sequelae. Follow-up revealed clearance of microfilaremia in both cases, with relapse in one of them. These reactions are well described in the treatment of other filarial infections, but have not yet been reported in the treatment of M. ozzardi. We are now reporting the first such known reactions with this helminthiasis.Se informa la aparición de reacciones adversas graves con el tratamiento con ivermectina oral en dos pacientes con infección por Mansonella ozzardi. Ambos presentaron síntomas respiratorios y sistémicos y se recuperaron sin secuelas. El seguimiento mostró ausencia de microfilaremia en ambos casos, con recidiva en uno de ellos. Estas reacciones, bien conocidas durante el tratamiento de otras filariosis, se describen por primera vez con esta helmintiasis.

Prostaglandin E1 and Its Analog Misoprostol Inhibit Human CML Stem Cell Self-Renewal via EP4 Receptor Activation and Repression of AP-1.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Fengyin; He, Bing; Ma, Xiaoke; Yu, Shuyang; Bhave, Rupali R; Lentz, Steven R; Tan, Kai; Guzman, Monica L; Zhao, Chen; Xue, Hai-Hui

2017-09-07

Effective treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) largely depends on the eradication of CML leukemic stem cells (LSCs). We recently showed that CML LSCs depend on Tcf1 and Lef1 factors for self-renewal. Using a connectivity map, we identified prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) as a small molecule that partly elicited the gene expression changes in LSCs caused by Tcf1/Lef1 deficiency. Although it has little impact on normal hematopoiesis, we found that PGE1 treatment impaired the persistence and activity of LSCs in a pre-clinical murine CML model and a xenograft model of transplanted CML patient CD34 + stem/progenitor cells. Mechanistically, PGE1 acted on the EP4 receptor and repressed Fosb and Fos AP-1 factors in a β-catenin-independent manner. Misoprostol, an FDA-approved EP4 agonist, conferred similar protection against CML. These findings suggest that activation of this PGE1-EP4 pathway specifically targets CML LSCs and that the combination of PGE1/misoprostol with conventional tyrosine-kinase inhibitors could provide effective therapy for CML. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Achieving community-based postpartum follow up in eastern Uganda: the field experience from the MamaMiso Study on antenatal distribution of misoprostol

OpenAIRE

Ditai, James; Frye, Laura J.; Durocher, Jill; Byrne, Meagan E.; Ononge, Sam; Winikoff, Beverly; Weeks, Andrew D.

2017-01-01

Background Advance provision of misoprostol to women during antenatal care aims to achieve broader access to uterotonics for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. Studies of this community-based approach usually involve antenatal education as well as timely postpartum follow-up visits to confirm maternal and neonatal outcomes. The MamaMiso study in Mbale, Uganda sought to assess the feasibility of conducting follow-up visits in the postpartum period following advance provision of misoprost...

ACTOS DE HABLA EN RELATOS DE TRADICION ORAL*: Notas sobre un relato oral cusqueño

OpenAIRE

Espino Relucé, Gonzalo

2014-01-01

En este artículo se explora el comportamiento de los hablantes dela construcción de relatos orales a partir del texto Saqsaywaman, recogido por el autor en Cusco. Se propone una categoría operativa sobrelos actos del habla haciéndose lo propio con relatos orales. Se transcribe Saqsaywaman y se analiza el texto.

Lesiones incipientes de caries dental y su relación con la higiene bucal en niños venezolanos Incipient lesions of dental caries and its relation to oral hygiene in Venezuelan children

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Alina Roche Martínez

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal con la finalidad de identificar la prevalencia de lesiones incipientes de caries dental (LIC y su relación con la higiene bucal en niños de 5-11 años del Área de Salud Integral Comunitaria (ASIC Macandona, Municipio Maracaibo del Estado de Zulia en Venezuela, en el periodo de enero a diciembre de 2006. El universo fue de 220 niños, de entre ellos se seleccionaron 120 que asistieron a la consulta en el periodo establecido y cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Las LIC se detectaron por el método clínico visual-táctil sin presión, el nivel de higiene bucal por índice de higiene bucal revisado y el antecedente de cepillado con flúor se obtuvo al interrogar a los padres. La medida resumen de datos fue el porcentaje y se empleó la prueba de diferencia de proporciones. El 33,3 % de los niños presentó dos LIC, de ellos el 60,7 % correspondió al sexo femenino; el 42,9 % de los niños con 2 LIC mostró higiene bucal inadecuada y los que utilizaron dentífricos fluorados diariamente estaban menos afectados. Ello permite concluir que más de la mitad de los niños presentaron LIC, y que las lesiones incipientes fueron más frecuentes en el sexo femenino, en los niños con deficiente higiene bucal, y en los que no utilizaban dentífricos fluorados diariamente.A cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study was conducted to identify the prevalence of dental caries incipient lesions (CIL and its relation to oral hygiene in children aged 5-11 of Community Integral Health Area (CIHA in Macandona municipality, Zulia State, Venezuela from January to December, 2006. Sample included 220 children selecting 120 seen in consultation during the established period and fulfilling the inclusion criteria. The CILs were detected by visual/tactile clinical method without pressure, the oral hygiene level by revised oral hygiene rate and the background of fluorine brushing was

Concanavalin A conjugated biodegradable nanoparticles for oral insulin delivery

Science.gov (United States)

Hurkat, Pooja; Jain, Aviral; Jain, Ashish; Shilpi, Satish; Gulbake, Arvind; Jain, Sanjay K.

2012-11-01

Major research issues in oral protein delivery include the stabilization of protein in delivery devices which could increase its oral bioavailability. The study deals with development of oral insulin delivery system utilizing biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles and modifying its surface with Concanavalin A to increase lymphatic uptake. Surface-modified PLGA nanoparticles were characterized for conjugation efficiency of ligand, shape and surface morphology, particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro drug release. Stability of insulin in the developed formulation was confirmed by SDS-PAGE, and integrity of entrapped insulin was assessed using circular dichroism spectrum. Ex vivo study was performed on Wistar rats, which exhibited the higher intestinal uptake of Con A conjugated nanoparticles. In vivo study performed on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats which indicate that a surface-modified nanoparticle reduces blood glucose level effectively within 4 h of its oral administration. In conclusion, the present work resulted in successful production of Con A NPs bearing insulin with sustained release profile, and better absorption and stability. The Con A NPs showed high insulin uptake, due to its relative high affinity for non-reducing carbohydrate residues i.e., fucose present on M cells and have the potential for oral insulin delivery in effective management of Type 1 diabetes condition.

Concanavalin A conjugated biodegradable nanoparticles for oral insulin delivery

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hurkat, Pooja; Jain, Aviral; Jain, Ashish; Shilpi, Satish; Gulbake, Arvind; Jain, Sanjay K., E-mail: drskjainin@yahoo.com [Dr. Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (India)

2012-11-15

Major research issues in oral protein delivery include the stabilization of protein in delivery devices which could increase its oral bioavailability. The study deals with development of oral insulin delivery system utilizing biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles and modifying its surface with Concanavalin A to increase lymphatic uptake. Surface-modified PLGA nanoparticles were characterized for conjugation efficiency of ligand, shape and surface morphology, particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro drug release. Stability of insulin in the developed formulation was confirmed by SDS-PAGE, and integrity of entrapped insulin was assessed using circular dichroism spectrum. Ex vivo study was performed on Wistar rats, which exhibited the higher intestinal uptake of Con A conjugated nanoparticles. In vivo study performed on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats which indicate that a surface-modified nanoparticle reduces blood glucose level effectively within 4 h of its oral administration. In conclusion, the present work resulted in successful production of Con A NPs bearing insulin with sustained release profile, and better absorption and stability. The Con A NPs showed high insulin uptake, due to its relative high affinity for non-reducing carbohydrate residues i.e., fucose present on M cells and have the potential for oral insulin delivery in effective management of Type 1 diabetes condition.

Lesiones orales asociadas con la infección por VIH/sida en individuos sin tratamiento antirretroviral en el Hospital San Juan de Dios de Bogotá

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

John Harold Estrada

2001-12-01

Full Text Available El reconocimiento de las lesiones orales asociadas con el VIH es de gran importancia, ya que pueden representar el primer signo de la infección y servir como predictoras de inmunosupresión y del desarrollo de sida en pacientes infectados. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de 314 pacientes con VIH que eran atendidos en el programa integral del Hospital San Juan de Dios de Bogotá. Se les practicó examen fisico completo y examen oral; se registró el tipo de lesión, el lugar de presentación, el género y la edad. De los sujetos examinados, 285 (90,8% eran del sexo masculino y 29 (9,2% del femenino. El promedio de edad fue de 31 años (rango: 15 a 64. No se encontraron lesiones orales asociadas en 91 (29%, mientras que en los restantes 223 (71% se anotaron una o mas lesiones; la más frecuente fue la candidosis oral en 207 personas (65,8%. Al subdividirla en sus cuatro variedades, se encontró la forma seudomembranosa en 94 pacientes (29,9%; la eritematosa en 66 (21%; la queilitis angular en 38 (12.1% y la hiperplásica en 9 (2.8% Le siguió en frecuencia la leucoplasia vellosa en 67 sujetos (21.3%, la gingivitis y la periodontitis en 54 (17.1%, el sarcoma de Kaposi en 28 (8.9% y la estomatitis aftosa recurrente en 26 (8,2%. Los lugares mas afectados fueron el paladar duro y blando en 108 sujetos (34,4%, la lengua en 101 (32.2%, la mucosa yugal en 48 (15.3%, la encia marginal en 36 (11.5%, la comisura labial en 34 (10,8% y la orofaringe en 25 (8%. Estos hallazgos permiten definir el perfil especifico de morbilidad oral de los pacientes del Hospital San Juan de Dios en Bogotá para el período estudiado.

Relación del estado de salud bucal con algunos factores socioeconómicos en niños de 2-5 años Relation of the oral health state to some socioeconomic factors in children aged 2-5

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María Elena Quiñones Ybarría

2008-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: determinar la asociación de algunos factores de riesgo con el estado de salud bucal en la primera infancia; identificar la relación de la salud bucal de dichos niños con: la higiene bucal, el tipo de dieta, escolaridad de los padres, ocupación de los padres. MÉTODOS: el estudio se llevó a cabo en el municipio Bauta, provincia La Habana, en 2 etapas: la primera, descriptiva, de corte transversal, la segunda, analítica, de acuerdo con la metodología de casos y controles (200 niños de cada tipo, en el período comprendido desde junio del 2005 hasta junio del 2006. Se utilizaron las variables: estado de salud bucal, escolaridad, ocupación de los padres, higiene bucal, tipo de dieta. RESULTADOS: el comportamiento de la higiene bucal fue inadecuado en el 39,5 % de los casos y en el 5,5 % de los controles; en el grupo de casos prevaleció la dieta cariogénica 65,0 %, mientras que en el grupo control se incrementó la aceptable, con el 44,0 %. En cuanto a la influencia de la escolaridad y la ocupación de los padres, en el estado de salud bucal los resultados no mostraron significación estadística. CONCLUSIONES: la adecuada higiene bucal y la dieta no cariogénica incrementaron la posibilidad de tener un estado adecuado de salud bucal. Tanto la escolaridad como la ocupación de los padres no guardaron correlación con la salud bucal de sus hijos.OBJECTIVES: to determine the association of some risk factors with the oral health state in the early childhood, to identify the connection of the oral health of these children with oral hygiene, the type of diet, parents' educational level and parents' job. METHODS: a 2-stage study was carried out in Bauta municipality, Havana province from June 2005 to June 2006. The first stage was descriptive and cross-sectional, and the second was analytical according to the case-control methodology (200 children of each type. The following variables were used: oral health state, educational level

Determinación de la sensibilidad a amoxicilina y a clindamicina de staphylococcus spp aislado de cavidad oral de pacientes con alto riesgo de endocarditis infecciosa

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Silvia Barrientos

2011-01-01

Full Text Available En la literatura existen pocos estudios acerca de la distribución de Staphylococcus spp en boca y los que hay sobre estos microorganismos como residentes de la cavidad oral son controversiales.El género Staphylococcus spp conforma un importante grupo de patógenos en el ser humano y origina distintas enfermedades, entre ellas, la Endocarditis Infecciosa; de igual forma, la literatura reporta tasas de resistencia a amoxicilina y clindamicina antibióticos usados comúnmente para la profilaxis en odontología. Objetivo: Conocer la sensibilidad de Staphylococcus spp a amoxicilina y la clindamicina aislados de cavidad oral de pacientes con alto riesgo de Endocarditis Infecciosa.

Las formas con estribillo en la lírica oral del Medioevo

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Beltran, Vicenç

2002-12-01

Full Text Available This essay analyses the musical and stanza forms pertaining to the most archaic poetical categories to be found in the romance languages, in relation to the Medieval oral tradition and to non-cortes literary texts. Recourse to the "zejel", apart from its obvious Arabic origins, can be traced in Provencal to the pre-troubadour period ("Laissatz estar lo gazel", and the first known instances of "rotrouenge" appeared in the X century in the Alba de Fleury, and the "rondeau", in its simplest form (strophic verses alternating with a refrain, appeared in the works of the writer Hilario el Inglés, a disciple of Abelardo. All the latter refer to hybrid texts, either in Latin (Arabic, where "moaxajas" are concerned or some early romance tongue or other, which is difficult to identify at times; however, there is no doubt that we can plainly discern the essential traits of what these forms would resemble during the troubadour period and throughout the whole of the Lower Middle Ages.

En este trabajo se estudian las formas estróficas y musicales de los géneros poéticos más arcaicos en las letras romances, vinculados a la tradición oral del Medioevo y a registros literarios no corteses. El zéjel, además de sus conocidos precedentes árabes, remonta en provenzal al período pretrovadoresco ("Laissatz estar lo gazel", el ejemplo más antiguo de rotrouenge remonta hasta el siglo X en el Alba de Fleury y el rondeau, en su forma más simple (versos de estrofa que alternan con versos de estribillo aparece en la obra del escritor Hilario el Inglés, discípulo de Abelardo. En todos estos casos nos hallamos ante textos híbridos, en latín (árabe, en el caso de las moaxajas y algún romance primitivo, a veces difícil de identificar; sin embargo, en todos estos casos podemos reconocer sin lugar a dudas los aspectos esenciales de cómo serán estas formas en el período trovadoresco y durante toda la Baja Edad Media.

Tropical Journal

African Journals Online (AJOL)

There has been a paradigm shift in the management of ... as oral and vaginal misoprostol with mechanical ... advantages/disadvantages of the different methods ... Further medication was withheld with the occurrence of ..... routes of delivery.

Bilateral pulmonary thromboembolism and Budd-Chiari syndrome in a patient with Crohn's disease on oral contraceptives Tromboembolismo de pulmón bilateral y síndrome de Budd-Chiari en paciente con enfermedad de Crohn y toma de anticonceptivos orales

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M. Valdés Mas

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Budd-Chiari syndrome can be defined as an interruption or diminution of the normal blood flow out of the liver. Patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome present with varying degrees of symptomatology that can be divided into the following categories: fulminant, acute, subacute and chronic. The subacute form is the most common presentation. A majority of patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome have an underlying hypercoagulability state. We present the case of a young woman with Crohn's disease on oral contraceptives who developed bilateral pulmonary thromboembolism and Budd-Chiari syndrome.El síndrome de Budd-Chiari consiste en la interrupción o disminución de flujo de las venas suprahepáticas. Tiene una gran variabilidad clínica en cuanto a su forma de presentación siendo la más frecuente la forma subaguda. La gran mayoría de los pacientes responden a estados de hipercoagulabilidad. Presentamos el caso de una paciente joven con enfermedad de Crohn que estaba en tratamiento con anticonceptivos orales y desarrolló un cuadro clínico de tromboembolismo de pulmón bilateral y síndrome de Budd-Chiari.

Las potencialidades de la historia oral en la enseñanza: ¿qué aprenden los alumnos en el trabajo con testimonios?

OpenAIRE

Aisenberg, Beatriz

2006-01-01

En este trabajo presentamos un análisis4 de producciones realizadas por alumnos de sexto y séptimo grado de escuela primaria (de 11 y 12 años de edad promedio) durante situaciones de enseñanza centradas en el trabajo con testimonios, en el marco de una secuencia didáctica sobre “Las migraciones internas en la Argentina entre 1930 y 1960”, implementada en cuatro escuelas públicas de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. El análisis de las producciones (orales y escritas) tiene por obje...

Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice - Vol 17, No 1 (2014)

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Oral misoprostol in the prevention of uterine bleeding after surgical ... stem cell transplantation pre and postterm DMFT scores: A preliminary study · EMAIL FREE ... The effect of orthodontic extraoral appliances on depression and the anxiety ...

Investigando con personas con dificultades de aprendizaje

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Borja González Luna

2013-12-01

Full Text Available El artículo muestra los orígenes de lo que Walmsley (2008 denomina «investigación inclusiva». Para comprender qué se entiende por investigación inclusiva tenemos que remontarnos a los debates epistemológicos sobre las metodologías cuantitativas y cualitativas, acontecidos en la década de los 90, en torno a la revista Disability & Society. A partir de una síntesis de dichos debates, focalizados en el ámbito de la «discapacidad intelectual y del desarrollo», se exponen dos estrategias de colaboración con dicha población: a una aproximación etnográfica (de trabajo grupal, y b una aproximación biográfica (de trabajo individual. A continuación se esboza un posible diseño de trabajo de campo que intenta superar el paradigma cualitativo «clásico» con el objetivo de incluir a dicho colectivo más allá del rol de «sujetos de la investigación». Para finalizar se recoge el debate sobre la accesibilidad de los resultados de la investigación a los participantes en dichas investigaciones, y con ello la necesaria innovación en el ámbito de las «devoluciones» de los resultados, cuando se trata de incluir a personas que presentan limitaciones para la comprensión del lenguaje abstracto oral y/o escrito.

La Narración oral: Alternativa para el desarrollo de una experiencia educativa con perspectivas de género

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Marianela Rosa Peña Lora

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El trabajo que se presenta explica el carácter de la experiencia pedagógica realizada en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, referida a la creación de una Cátedra de Oralidad con enfoque de género, que tiene como objetivo contribuir a la gestión y desarrollo de prácticas y procesos sociales de carácter educativo/comunicacional y a los procesos formativos que de ello se derivan, así como desarrollar una reflexión crítica sobre el papel de la mujer en la experiencia narrativa de la vida cotidiana y en el rescate de la palabra en diferentes contextos educativos y socioculturales. En la implementación de la cátedra, organizada en áreas de desarrollo: "Historia de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas"; "La narrativa oral y la relación interdisciplinaria"; "La medicina narrativa"; "La narración oral como arte y conducta ex-presivo-comunicativa", la transversali-dad del enfoque de género aparece como una estrategia metodológica que desde un planteamiento sistémico vislumbra todo el proceso educativo que posibilita el desarrollo de las habilidades básicas del pensamiento y comunicación basadas en la narración oral. En las conclusiones se expresa cómo el logro de estos objetivos ha transcurrido por un conjunto de actividades en las esferas de la docencia, investigación y extensión, donde además de abordar los aspectos teóricos, se ha realizado una reflexión compartida como construcción y experiencia sociocultural que permitió un intercambio de saberes, experiencias y participación a través de la narración oral, la cual se ha proyectado como espacio abierto para el aprendizaje, experiencia esencialmente humana y estrategia para la investigación.

Hipnosis como complemento en la cirugía oral del adulto mayor Hypnosis as a complement to oral surgery in elderly persons

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Elina Muñiz Manzano

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción: el envejecimiento poblacional es un fenómeno mundial y la cirugía oral es compleja en los adultos mayores, por lo que la preparación preoperatoria es de vital importancia para una evolución satisfactoria. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo demostrar la eficacia de la hipnosis en pacientes con temor en la cirugía oral del adulto mayor. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, con muestra de 20 pacientes de 60 años o más, atendidos en la consulta de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital Universitario "Comandante Manuel Fajardo", en el año 2011, donde se analizaron las variables edad, sexo, número de sesiones de hipnosis, antecedentes patológicos, diagnósticos más frecuentes y temor. Resultados: el mayor número de pacientes se encontró entre 60-69 años de edad, (70 % y el menor en 70-79, (30 %. El sexo femenino prevaleció con 70 %. El número de sesiones fue en el grupo de 60-69 con 58, con un promedio total de 4 por pacientes. En los antecedentes patológicos más frecuentes fue la hipertensión arterial en 14 (70 % y le siguió la diabetes tipo II en 2 (10 % En los diagnósticos más frecuentes fue la caries de cuarto grado con 10 (50 % seguido por los dientes parodontósicos con 4 (20 %. El temor se midió en una escala confeccionada, en la que los pacientes con cifras de l0, 8 y 7 se redujeron a 4 y 5. Conclusiones: Se demuestra la efectividad de la terapia de hipnosis para disminuir el temor y realizar la cirugía oral en el adulto mayor.Introduction: population aging is a worldwide phenomenon, and oral surgery is complex in elderly patients. Therefore, preoperative preparation is vital to their satisfactory evolution. The purpose of the present paper is to show the efficacy of hypnosis in elderly patients who fear oral surgery. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 20 patients aged 60 or over, cared for at the maxillofacial surgery service of Comandante Manuel

Estabilidad de las gotas orales de picosulfato de sodio Stability of sodium picosulphate oral drops

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María Teresa Herrera Santi

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Las gotas orales de picosulfato de sodio son muy efectivas en el tratamiento del estreñimiento agudo y crónico en paciente de todas las edades. Se realizó un estudio de estabilidad de una formulación de picosulfato de sodio, para su administración por vía oral, que cumpliera con los requisitos de calidad exigidos para el producto, como: características organolépticas, pH, valoración y conteo microbiológico. Como resultado se logró una formulación con un tiempo de vida útil de 12 meses, a temperatura ambiente de 30 ± 2 °C. Se mantuvieron invariables sus características físicas, químicas y microbiológicas durante el estudio de estabilidad realizado.The oral drops of sodium picosulphate are very effective in the treatment of acute and chronic constipation in patients of all ages. It was conducted a stability study of a formulation of sodium picosulphate for its oral administration that meets all the quality requirements demanded for the product, such as: organoleptic characteristics, pH, assessment and microbiological count. As a result, it was attained a formulation with a time of useful life of 12 months, at an ambient temperature of 30 ± 2 °C. Its physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics remained invariable during the stability study

Browse Title Index

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Items 601 - 650 of 2005 ... Vol 83, No 11 (2006):, Editorial: Multi drug resistant tuberculosis, Abstract PDF .... and Safety of 2-Hourly 20 MCG Oral Misoprostol Solution Compared to ... Vol 87, No 11 (2010), Effects of enforcement of the traffic act on ...

Candida bucal en niños mexicanos con VIH/sida, desnutrición o marginación social Oral candida in Mexican children with malnutrition, social marginalization, or HIV/AIDS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Alberto Gaitán-Cepeda

2012-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar la frecuencia de Candida en cavidad bucal de niños con riesgo de desarrollar infecciones oportunistas y establecer si existe asociación entre la frecuencia de esta colonización bucal y tres tipos de población en riesgo. MÉTODOS: Se estudiaron cuatro grupos de población infantil de México: grupo VIH/sida bajo terapia antirretroviral altamente activa (TAAA (35 niñas y 25 niños; grupo desnutrición (26 niñas y 29 niños; grupo tarahumara (37 niñas y 20 niños, una de las poblaciones étnicas más pobres del país, y grupo control (8 niñas y 21 niños aparentemente sanos. Los niños con VIH/sida fueron inmunológica y virológicamente clasificados según los criterios de EC-Clearinghouse, mientras que la desnutrición fue determinada a través del índice peso/talla de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se tomó una muestra de la mucosa bucal con hisopo estéril, que fue incubada en agar dextrosa Sabouraud y en CHROMagar-Candida®. Las especies de Candida se confirmaron con la prueba API ID32C. RESULTADOS: Los grupos VIH/sida y desnutrición mostraron la frecuencia más alta de Candida spp. (51,7% y 38,2%, respectivamente mientras que el grupo tarahumara presenta una frecuencia semejante a la del grupo control (17,5% vs 10,3%. Respecto a las especies de Candida, el grupo desnutrición mostró la mayor diversidad: C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. krusei y C. glabrata. CONCLUSIONES: Los infantes con inmunodeficiencia y con desnutrición requieren de estrategias diseñadas para disminuir la colonización bucal candidal y disminuir el riesgo de infecciones oportunistas.OBJECTIVE: Determine the frequency of candida in the oral cavity of children with a risk of developing opportunistic infections, and establish if there is an association between the frequency of this oral colonization and three categories of at-risk populations. METHODS: Four infant population groups in Mexico were studied: an HIV/AIDS group undergoing

Evaluación del efecto de la ozonoterapia sobre la diversidad y número de bacterias presentes en la cavidad oral de perros con enfermedad periodontal

OpenAIRE

Patiño Godoy, Norma del Consuelo

2017-01-01

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la eficacia de la ozonoterapia como tratamiento para el control de las bacterias de la cavidad oral en la enfermedad periodontal en los perros que llegaron a consulta a la veterinaria Orovet del cantón Huaquillas. Para el cumplimiento del objetivo se diseñó una investigación de tipo experimental. Se trabajó con una muestra de 30 perros que llegaron a la veterinaria Orovet de la ciudad de Huaquillas, quienes presentaron signos de enfermedad ...

El efecto de rebote y la expresión oral en inglés

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Ulises Escalona Sánchez

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se analizó la formación de la habilidad de expresión oral en inglés en estudiantes de preuniversitario, con énfasis en las potencialidades del efecto de rebote de la categoría evaluación dadas sus implicaciones en tal proceso. Primeramente, se abordó la mencionada habilidad comunicativa. Luego, se trata la categoría evaluación vista como un proceso donde su efecto de rebote juega un rol trascendental al estimular a los estudiantes hacia el aprendizaje de la expresión oral en la lengua extranjera. Para realizar este trabajo se tuvo en cuenta categorías clave como competencia comunicativa, expresión oral, evaluación y efecto de rebote, con una mirada desde las diferentes ciencias relacionadas con las mismas. Finalmente, se abogó por una reconceptualización teórica de estas categorías y su profundo conocimiento y sistematización por parte del profesor de Inglés para lograr una mejor comunicación oral en los estudiantes.

La salud oral en la dentición primaria: (II) Estudio sobre la maloclusión y otras anomalías orales en una muestra de 441 niños de Vigo Oral health in temporary dentition: (II) Research about malocclusion and other oral anomalies in 441 child sample from Vigo

OpenAIRE

IM Iglesias Parada

2003-01-01

La intención de este estudio, que se dividió en tres partes, es valorar la salud oral en los niños de Vigo con dentición primaria. En esta segunda parte se estudian la prevalencia de la maloclusión y otras anomalías orales. MUESTRA: 441 niños entre los 14 y 92 meses de edad (edad media S9,6 meses), todos ellos con dentición primaria al inicio del estudio. RESULTADOS: (precisión de ±4,6% para una seguridad del 9S%) el 90,92% de la muestra es ortognática, el 8,17% es retrognática y el 0,91 es p...

Hipnosis como complemento en la cirugía oral del adulto mayor

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Elina Muñiz Manzano

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción: el envejecimiento poblacional es un fenómeno mundial y la cirugía oral es compleja en los adultos mayores, por lo que la preparación preoperatoria es de vital importancia para una evolución satisfactoria. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo demostrar la eficacia de la hipnosis en pacientes con temor en la cirugía oral del adulto mayor. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, con muestra de 20 pacientes de 60 años o más, atendidos en la consulta de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital Universitario "Comandante Manuel Fajardo", en el año 2011, donde se analizaron las variables edad, sexo, número de sesiones de hipnosis, antecedentes patológicos, diagnósticos más frecuentes y temor. Resultados: el mayor número de pacientes se encontró entre 60-69 años de edad, (70 % y el menor en 70-79, (30 %. El sexo femenino prevaleció con 70 %. El número de sesiones fue en el grupo de 60-69 con 58, con un promedio total de 4 por pacientes. En los antecedentes patológicos más frecuentes fue la hipertensión arterial en 14 (70 % y le siguió la diabetes tipo II en 2 (10 % En los diagnósticos más frecuentes fue la caries de cuarto grado con 10 (50 % seguido por los dientes parodontósicos con 4 (20 %. El temor se midió en una escala confeccionada, en la que los pacientes con cifras de l0, 8 y 7 se redujeron a 4 y 5. Conclusiones: Se demuestra la efectividad de la terapia de hipnosis para disminuir el temor y realizar la cirugía oral en el adulto mayor.

La tradición oral en la novelística de Ciro Alegría

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Nécker Salazar Mejía

2015-11-01

Full Text Available El artículo estudia la influencia de la literatura oral en la trilogía novelística de Ciro Alegría, conformada por La serpiente de oro (1935, Los perros hambrientos (1938 y El mundo es ancho y ajeno (1941. En dicho corpus, figuran narraciones que pertenecen a la tradición oral andina, cuya inclusión demuestra la firme identificación del autor con el relato popular, así como el papel decisivo que este desempeña en el contenido y estructura de su novelística. En esa misma dirección, se halla la figura del narrador oral, cuya perfomance y estrategias discursivas siguen el modelo del narrador popular. Por otro lado, en la novelística alegriana, la tradición oral se articula con la memoria colectiva y expresa la visión de los indios mediante narraciones testimoniales. En un plano mayor, la filiación de la novelística alegriana con la literatura oral representa una valoración de las expresiones de la literatura no canónica en el Perú.

Sarcoma de Kaposi en paciente con SIDA

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Jesús Ramón León Polanco

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 33 años de edad, con antecedentes de VIH-SIDA desde hace 10 años, que se mantiene en tratamiento con antirretrovirales. Durante todo este tiempo ha presentado varios episodios de infecciones respiratorias, incluyendo tuberculosis pulmonar 5 años atrás. Acude a consulta refiriendo edemas en miembros inferiores acompañado de lesiones en piel de color violáceo de un año de evolución, previamente interpretado como linfangitis rebelde al tratamiento y que se extendió a la cara interna de los muslos y a los miembros inferiores. Con pérdida de peso, no prurito en las lesiones, fiebre, lesiones en la mucosa oral. Se determinó hemoglobina 89 g/L, leucocitos 4,5 x 109 /L, se estudiaron las funciones hepática y renales resultando normales. Radiografías de tórax y ultrasonido abdominal normales. Se realizó estudio anatomopatológico de piel que informó Sarcoma de Kaposi. Se impuso tratamiento con quimioterapia

LA ORALIDAD COMO PARTE DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN HISTÓRICA: DE LAS FUENTES ORALES A LA LLAMADA HISTORIA ORAL

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José Ignacio Reyes González

2010-03-01

Full Text Available El artículo profundiza en uno de los temas más polémicos de la investigación histórica, lo relacionado con el reconocimiento del valor de las fuentes orales para reconstruir la historia. Se exponen los argumentos que fundamentan la necesidad de darle el espacio que merece la historia oral, así como la connotación que esto puede tener para la enseñanza de la disciplina.

Trasplante de mucosa oral en la reconstrucción de las vías lagrimales Oral mucosa transplants in restoration of lacrimal canaliculi

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Bernardo Canto Vidal

2000-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizaron 143 intervenciones de las vías lagrimales, mediante la técnica quirúrgica de trasplante de mucosa oral con 55 injertos libres y 88 tubulares, a partir del año 1995. Para ello se tuvo en cuenta el examen clínico y radiológico y el tipo de afectación. Con la utilización de las técnicas de injerto libre o tubular de la mucosa se puede restablecer la fisiología lagrimal en los pacientes con mutilaciones por traumatismos o presencia de tumores con disminución del riesgo quirúrgico; además se recomienda por novedosa, práctica y por los buenos resultados obtenidos.143 interventions of lacrimal canaliculi were carried out, throgh surgical technique of oral mucosa transplant (55 free grafts and 88 tutular ones since 1995, bearing in min radiological and clinical examination and type of invelvement. Using technique of free or tubular graft, it is possible restore lacrimal physiology in patients with mutilations from trauma or prevence of tumors thus decreasing surgical risk; this tachnique is recommended by its novelty, usefulness . and by good results obtained.

Oral Communication across the Curriculum

Science.gov (United States)

Ediger, Marlow

2011-01-01

Proficiency in oral communication is necessary in school and in society. To do well in the different curriculum areas, pupils must speak with clarity and understanding. For example, in a discussion group in the social studies involving the topic "the pros and cons of raising taxes," pupils need to express knowledgeable ideas with appropriate voice…

Asociación de LT-CD4 y carga viral con candidiasis bucal en pacientes VIH/SIDA en Talca, Chile Association between LT-CD4 and the viral load with oral candidiasis in HIV/AIDS patients in Talca, Chile

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Pedro Brevis Azocar

2009-12-01

Full Text Available La candidiasis bucal aparece con frecuencia en las personas infectadas por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH y puede causar diversas manifestaciones clínicas y complicaciones. En los pacientes VIH la carga viral es considerada uno de los principales predictores en la progresión de la enfermedad. Se realizó un estudio en 29 pacientes adultos VIH-positivos para evaluar los niveles de linfocitos T-CD4 y carga viral; se estableció una relación con las manifestaciones de la candidiasis bucal. El análisis estadístico mostró que hubo relación entre la manifestación de la candidiasis bucal y la carga viral, pues en pacientes con cargas virales superiores a 10 000 copias/mL, las lesiones fueron más frecuentes.Oral candidiasis is frequently appearing in persons infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV and may to cause many clinical and complications manifestations. In HIV patients the viral load is considered one of the main predictors in disease progression. A study was conducted in 29 HIV-positive adult patients to assess the T-CD4 lymphocyte levels and the viral load establishing a relationship with oral candidiasis manifestations. The statistical analysis showed that there was a relationship between the oral candidiasis manifestation and the viral load since in patients with viral load higher than 10 000 copies/mL, lesions were more frequent.

Bacteria and Candida yeasts in inflammations of the oral mucosa in children with secondary immunodeficiency.

Science.gov (United States)

Olczak-Kowalczyk, Dorota; Daszkiewicz, Marta; Krasuska-Sławińska; Dembowska-Bagińska, Bozena; Gozdowski, Dariusz; Daszkiewicz, Paweł; Fronc, Beata; Semczuk, Katarzyna

2012-08-01

Oral microbial flora and a damaged oral mucosa may increase the risk of bacteriemia, fungemia and complications in immunocompromised patients. Assessment of presence: bacteria and Candida spp. in different oral lesions, and the incidence of bacteremia in the case of a damaged mucosa in transplant recipients and patients receiving anti-tumour chemotherapy. Forty-five patients – 18 months to 18 years of life, were included (20 – organ recipients, 14– anti-tumour chemotherapy, 11 – control group). Clinical, oral mucosa examination focused on the type, severity and site of lesions, and microbiology assessed the presence of bacteria and fungi in the material from lesions. Blood cultures were performed in ten immunocompromised patients with manifestations of systemic infection. The control material consisted of blood cultures made prior to the onset of oral lesions and after 4–6 weeks following their remission in a diagnosed bacteremia. The statistical analysis was performed. In the subjects with secondary immunodeficiency, among other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS), Candidia spp. were more frequent. In cancer patients, mucositis was associated with Candida spp., Streptococcus spp. Organ recipients with stomatitis exhibited the presence of CoNS, Streptococcus viridians and other. Oral lesions in the control group contained Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Neisseria spp. and Staphylococcus aureus. In 30% of immunocompromised patients, oral lesions were accompanied by bacteremia. A correlation has been found between oral lesions and the presence of S. aureus in patients without secondary immunodeficiency, and of CoNS, Enterococcus spp., Candida spp. in immunocompromised patients.

Prevalencia de Caries Dental en una Comunidad Escolar de la Etnia Wayúu, en la Guajira Colombiana y su Manejo con Medicina Ancestral.

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Hector Ángel Polanco Narvaéz

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Establecer la prevalencia de caries dental y su manejo terapéutico tradicional en la población indígena wayuu de la Guajira colombiana. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un examen oral a 245 niños en edad escolar que asisten a la concentración escolar Camino Verde del Municipio de Manaure en la Guajira Colombiana; mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas con la población, se hizo reconocimiento de las plantas que son utilizadas para tratar los problemas de salud oral. Se analizo e interpretó el concepto de la salud bucal, en una comunidad que resalta la importancia del equilibrio con la naturaleza; los recursos que utilizan para preservar una adecuada higiene oral, la interacción de la naturaleza con su cuerpo para mantener un equilibrio con la vida. Resultados: Los indices Ceo-d y CPO-D en comparacion con el estudio del ENSAB III, mostraron un aumento de la prevalencia de caries; solo los niños de 5 años presentan  un promedio de caries mas bajo en comparacion con los resultados de este estudio. De otra parte, el tratamiento y prevencion de las patologias de cavidad oral siguen siendo tratadas bajo la medicina tradicional indigena, aunque la medicina occidental ya hace parte de la terapeutica de la poblacion. Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren trabajar mas en la promocion de la salud oral, para asi bajar los indices de caries; Por otro lado, La medicina tradicional indigena aunque importante, no refleja sus efectos, ademas de observar que la medicina occidental ha tenido gran acogida y cada vez su uso es mayor.

Valoración de la citología exfoliativa como factor de predicción en lesiones de la mucosa oral.

OpenAIRE

Brunotto, M.; Zárate, A.M.; Cismondi, A.; Fernández, M.D.C.; Noher de Halac, R.I.

2005-01-01

El objetivo de este estudio fue inmunomarcar las oncoproteínas CK14, p53, p21 y Bc1-2 a fin de evaluar la magnitud de su expresión en lesiones estomatológicas premalignas y malignas en el epitelio oral, y comparar esta expresión con alteraciones en las citologías exfoliativas de los mismos pacientes. Se estudiaron biopsias y citologías de trece sujetos con líquenes plano oral con y sin infección con Virus Papiloma Humano (HPV), leucoplasias, y carcinomas espinoce...

Síndrome de Moebius: Genopatía vs efecto teratogénico

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Cecilia Fernández-Ponce

2006-01-01

Full Text Available El Síndrome de Moebius (MBS es una enfermedad rara, caracterizada principalmente por parálisis facial y frecuentemente acompañada de alteraciones oculares asociadas al compromiso del VI nervio craneal. Además es frecuente encontrar anomalías orofaciales y de miembros en estos pacientes. En este artículo se presenta un paciente masculino de nueve meses con el cuadro clínico de Síndrome de Moebius en el cual se discuten los aspectos genéticos y medioambientales asociados a esta patología. Desde la introducción del misoprostol y su uso inadecuado como agente abortivo, se ha observado un incremento en la frecuencia de recién nacidos con Síndrome de Moebius asociados al uso de este medicamento. Al día de hoy, tanto el factor genético como el factor medioambiental se encuentran asociados al Síndrome de Moebius. Finalmente, es importante alertar a la comunidad médica y a la población en general acerca del riesgo teratogénico del misoprostol y de la importancia del consejo genético cuando nace un paciente con Síndrome de Moebius.

Metástasis cervical contralateral en el carcinoma epidermoide de la cavidad oral: Estudio clínico analítico retrospectivo en 315 pacientes primariamente tratados con cirugía Contralateral neck metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity: An analytical retrospective clinical study of 315 patients primarily treated with surgery

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R. González-García

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivos. Existen en la literatura numerosos estudios en relación con los factores pronósticos implicados en la aparición de metástasis cervicales ipsilaterales en el carcinoma epidermoide de cavidad oral. Sin embargo, no existen estudios clínicos amplios acerca de la asociación de factores clínico-patológicos y la aparición de metástasis cervicales contralaterales tras la resección quirúrgica del tumor primario. El propósito de este estudio es el análisis de los factores implicados en la aparición de metástasis cervical contralateral en pacientes con carcinoma epidermoide de cavidad oral primariamente tratados con cirugía. Pacientes y métodos. Se analizó una serie de 315 pacientes consecutivos con carcinoma epidermoide de la cavidad oral no tratados previamente. Se realizó un estudio complementario del subgrupo de 203 pacientes con carcinoma epidermoide del borde lateral de la lengua libre, por tratarse de un grupo muy prevalente en la serie analizada. Todos los pacientes recibieron tratamiento quirúrgico con o sin tratamiento radioterápico adyuvante. Varias fueron las variables clínicas e histopatológicas analizadas, como son: las características clínicas del tumor, el estadio tumoral, el grado de diferenciación histológica, el tipo de disección cervical, la supervivencia enfermedad- específica, los márgenes quirúrgicos en la pieza resecada, la extensión ganglionar extracapsular, la diseminación perineural y la afectación ósea. Resultados. La duración media del seguimiento de los pacientes que sobrevivieron fue de 70,9 ± 49,6 meses. Ochenta y tres pacientes murieron a causa de la enfermedad a lo largo del seguimiento. Cuarenta y siete de estos pertenecían al subgrupo de pacientes con carcinoma epidermoide de lengua. Un total de 147 pacientes permanecía vivo sin evidencias de recurrencia de la enfermedad al final del periodo de seguimiento, 116 de los cuales correspondían al subgrupo de pacientes con

Evaluación urodinámica con doxazocina en pacientes con hiperplasia prostática benigna (HPB. Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe (HPTU de 1998-1999

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Juan Aristizábal

2001-04-01

Full Text Available

Tradicionalmente la HPB ha sido tratada quirúrgicamente, pero a
partir de los años 80 ha aparecido una gran variedad de modalidades
terapéuticas diferentes a la cirugía, basadas en medicamentos orales que disminuyen el tamaño de la próstata y/o los síntomas que esto genera.
Se propone estudiar con todos los parámetros urodinámicos, la respuesta de los pacientes con HPB tratados con Doxazocina para evaluar su efecto en las curvas Flujo-Presión.

Uso de misoprostol retal para indução do parto em gestantes com amniorrexe prematura: ensaio clínico fase II Use of rectal misoprostol for induction of labor in patients with premature rupture of membranes: a phase II clinical trial

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Francisco Carlos Nogueira Arcanjo

2003-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: avaliar se o misoprostol por via retal constitui método efetivo para indução do parto em gestantes com amniorrexe prematura a termo. MÉTODOS: realizou-se estudo piloto, incluindo 32 gestantes com amniorrexe prematura entre 36 e 41 semanas, feto vivo e único, em apresentação cefálica, escore de Bishop 18 horas receberam antibiótico (penicilina cristalina para profilaxia de infecção estreptocócica. Analisaram-se desfechos diversos como intervalo entre indução e início do trabalho de parto, entre indução e parto, incidência de taquissistolia, tipo de parto, incidência de corioamnionite e resultados neonatais. A análise estatística foi realizada no programa de domínio público Epi-Info 2002, calculando-se médias com os respectivos desvios-padrão, além de distribuições de freqüência. Realizou-se análise de sobrevivência para determinação do percentual de partos em função do tempo transcorrido (em horas desde a administração do primeiro comprimido. RESULTADOS: os intervalos (média ± desvio padrão entre indução e início das contrações e entre indução e parto foram de, respectivamente, 299,8±199,9 e 681±340,5 minutos. Observou-se freqüência de 9,4% de taquissistolia. Cerca de 72% das pacientes evoluíram para parto vaginal. Diagnosticou-se corioamnionite em 12,5% dos casos. As medianas dos escores de Apgar foram de 8 e 9 no primeiro e quinto minuto, respectivamente. Não houve nenhum caso de Apgar PURPOSE: to investigate whether rectally administered misoprostol is an effective method for induction of labor in patients with premature ruptured membranes at term. METHODS: a pilot trial was conducted, enrolling 32 women with alive, singleton, cephalic fetus and ruptured membranes between 36 and 41 weeks of pregnancy, with Bishop score 18 h received antibiotics (crystalline penicillin for prophylaxis of streptococcal infeccion. Outcomes included time from induction to labor and induction to

Conocimientos, comportamientos, percepciones y actitudes concernientes a la salud oral entre pacientes diabéticos Knowledges, behaviors, perceptions, and attitudes related to oral health in diabetic patients.

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Rolando Pablo Juárez

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Se analizan las características sociodemográficas, los aspectos psicosociales, hábitos de higiene oral y conocimientos de salud oral, en un grupo de sujetos con diabetes tipo 2 del Departamento de San Fernando, Chaco, Argentina. Métodos: Durante una cita de examen periodontal, se aplicó un cuestionario sobre 16 tópicos relacionados con las variables del estudio, a 150 pacientes con control metabólico (grupo 1: hemoglobina glucosilada [HbA1c] Aims: Sociodemograpahic and psychological features, habits of oral hygiene and knowledges of oral health in a group of subjects presenting with Type 2 diabetes, from Department of San Fernando, Chaco, Argentina. Methods: During a appointment for a periodontal examination, questionnaire on 16 related topics with study variable was applied to 150 patients with metabolic control ( group 1: glycosidal hemoglobin [HbA1c] < 8.0 %, mean 6,7%, mean age = 56,1 ± 3,1 years, and 150 patients without such control ( group 2: HbA1c ³ 8.0%, mean 13,7%; mean age = 55,4 ± 3,2 years. Statistical analysis was made considering frequencies distribution mean and standard deviation, difference among ratios test, Student t test, and Chi2 test, with a significance level (SL of p < 0,05. Results: Study showed a low knowledge by both groups on need of a periodical dental care, frequency of dental hygiene, and smoking effect on health oral. Sixty nine percentage (69% and 31% in group 1, and 35% and 65% of group 2, respectively, were seen by a odontologist ( p < 0,01 during previous 6 or 12 months. Major reason for the last visit to odontologist was due to emergence treatments, followed by control and restorations consultations, with significant differences between both groups ( p < 0,05. In general, participants had negative dental attitudes an perceptions. Lower than 50% of subjects knew relationship between oral hygiene and diabetes. Conclusions: Diabetic patients and professional staff must to be informed on

Desarrollo tecnológico de la suspensión oral de fenoximetilpenicilina 125 mg

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María de los Ángeles Lorenzo

1997-08-01

Full Text Available Se describió el desarrollo tecnológico de una formulación de fenoximetilpenicilina suspensión oral 125 mg para uso pediátrico, utilizando la vía seca que se inicia con la mezcla del principio activo con los sabores, estabilizadores, edulcorantes y lubricantes hasta lograr un producto estable y con las características que lo hacen adecuado para el uso que se destina. Se estudió la estabilidad del producto terminado desde el punto de vista tecnológico y químico con resultados satisfactorios. El medicamento diseñado cumple con los requisitos más actuales para su comercialización y forma parte del surtido estable de producción de la Empresa Farmacéutica "8 de Marzo".The technological development of an oral formulation containing 125 mg of phenoxymethylpenicillin oral suspension for pediatric use is described. The formulation was obtained by a dryness procedure which is initiated mixing the active ingredient with flavours, stabilizings, edulcorates and lubricants until attaining a stable product having the characteristics which make the product being adequate for being used. The stability of the end product was studied from the technological and chemical point of view with satisfactory results. The drug produced complies with the most current requirements for its commercialization and forms part of the stable stock of "8 de Marzo" Pharmaceutical Enterprice.

A comparison of orally administered misoprostol and membrane ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

produce clinically important benefits;11 however, it may be beneficial ... membrane sweeping for labour induction in uncomplicated ... Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, ...

Mensajería instantánea móvil: Whatsapp y su potencial para desarrollar las destrezas orales

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2017-01-01

Full Text Available La presente investigación analiza los beneficios de la comunicación mediante teléfonos móviles para desarrollar las destrezas orales de los estudiantes en la segunda lengua. Un total de 80 estudiantes españoles que realizaban un curso de inglés nivel B1 en la Universidad de Almería participaron en el estudio. De acuerdo con el tipo de tratamiento, los sujetos fueron divididos en dos grupos, experimental y control. Mediante la creación de un grupo de «Whatsapp», 40 de dichos sujetos participaron en una interacción oral diaria durante 6 meses. Las muestras recogidas en la aplicación, así como un examen oral, fueron utilizados para analizar el grado en que los estudiantes desarrollan la destreza oral y los tipos y desencadenantes que dan lugar a episodios relacionados con el lenguaje en los chats orales. Este estudio se centra en la interacción utilizando un análisis mixto y un eje temporal con el fin de medir las diferencias entre los grupos analizados. Los resultados demuestran mejoras significativas en cuanto a la competencia oral en los alumnos del grupo en el que se implementó la actividad, siendo las negociaciones de significado el episodio relacionado con el lenguaje más común durante la interacción. Cabe destacar la accesibilidad que la mensajería móvil confiere a los alumnos, pues son capaces de negociar el significado, reflexionar y evaluar sus propias actuaciones mediante interacción real y feed-back.

Fibrilación auricular en una paciente con megaorejuela auricular izquierda

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Alejandro Villamil

2007-01-01

Full Text Available La FA constituye una de las arritmias sostenidas más frecuentes que motivan la consulta. El sustrato comprende diferentes mecanismos, entre los que se encuentra el agrandamiento auricular izquierdo. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 33 años con antecedentes depalpitaciones, que ingresó en la guardia por FA de alta respuesta ventricular. En la radiografía de tórax se observó una deformación del borde izquierdo de la silueta cardíaca. Posteriormente,el ecocardiograma transesofágico y la resonancia magnética nuclear evidenciaron una megaorejuela aneurismática debida, probablemente, a un defecto pericárdico. La conducta fue anticoagulación oral y tratamiento con atenolol, con evolución favorable.

Evaluación del efecto del Plan de Salud Oral de embarazadas en sus hijos en Lo Barnechea, Chile

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Consuelo Riadi-Cornejo

Full Text Available Objetivo. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto educativo del Plan de Salud Oral Integral de la Embarazada, aplicado desde el año 2010 en Chile, sobre la salud oral de sus hijos a los dos años de edad en el centro de salud familiar (CESFAM de la municipalidad de Lo Barnechea. Materiales y Métodos. Estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal. Se analizó la información de 129 niños que acudieron a su primera atención dental. Se determinó la presencia de malos hábitos, presencia de caries y nivel de riesgo cariogénico. La muestra se analizó según las variables independientes: madres que contaban con el Alta del Plan de Salud Oral Integral de la Embarazada y madres que no fueron parte del plan. Además dentro del grupo de madres que contaban con el Alta del Plan de Salud Oral Integral de la Embarazada un grupo acudió a un Control Binomio madre e hijo a los 6 meses de edad del menor. Resultados. No existen diferencias significativas en presencia de caries ni en malos hábitos entre los grupos en estudio. La presencia de 'Alta del plan de Salud Oral Integral de la Embarazada' se asocia de manera altamente significativa (p<0,005 a un menor consumo de alimentos con azúcar al día. La presencia de 'Alta del plan de Salud Oral Integral más un Control Binomio' también se asocia a un menor consumo de alimentos con azúcar al día (p<0,05 y a pacientes con riesgo cariogénico bajo (p<0,005. Conclusión. En la mayoría de las variables estudiadas no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos estudiados, lo que demuestra que el Plan de Salud oral Integral de la Embarazada aplicado en CESFAM de la Municipalidad de Lo Barnechea no tiene el efecto esperado de mejorar la salud oral de sus hijos a los 2 años de edad

Características neuropsicológicas de niños con trastorno negativista desafiante

OpenAIRE

Fonseca Parra, Luisa Fernanda

2012-01-01

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue identificar las características neuropsicológicas en niños con trastorno negativista desafiante, comparados con niños de características socio-demográficas similares que no presentaban el trastorno, se evaluó: memoria verbal y auditiva (codificación y evocación), habilidades gráficas, percepción (Auditiva, táctil y visual), atención visual y auditiva, lenguaje oral (repetición, expresión y comprensión), habilidades metalingüísticas, habilidades con...

Primera Jornada de Actualización en Patología Oral y Maxilofacial

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Claudia Patricia Peña Vega

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Dedicamos las Lecturas recobradas a las memorias de la “Primera Jornada de Actualización en Patología Oral Y Maxilofacial” de las Facultades de Odontología y Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, realizado en septiembre 30 al 01 de octubre del año 2016, bajo la coordinación de la profesora asociada del Departamento de Salud Oral de la universidad Nacional de Colombia, Claudia Patricia Peña Vega. El objetivo general del encuentro fue realizar una jornada académica integral de actualización en el campo de la Patología Oral y Maxilofacial dirigida a los estudiantes, residentes, egresados, profesores, y profesionales odontólogos, médicos, de las diferentes especialidades de interés en el área de la Patología General y Oral que fortalezcan la interdisciplinariedad del diagnóstico en un contexto clínico, académico e investigativo. Con el propósito de actualizar a los odontólogos y médicos en el estado del arte, avances tecnológicos y científicos en los diferentes campos de la Patología Oral y Maxilofacial, fortaleciendo académica y científicamente el campo de la Patología Oral y Maxilofacial, enmarcado como ámbito importante del conocimiento de la Patología General. Proporciona y difunde el Servicio de diagnóstico histopatológico en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Todo esto, con el objetivo de crear un espacio académico para la presentación de casos clínicos y discusión de temas de interés, con la participación de diferentes expertos Patólogos de diferentes instituciones y creando nexos y vínculos académicos, hospitalarios y científicos con el Departamento de Patología de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia y la Sección Académica de Patología de la Faculta de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia.

Estudio histopatológico de 19 biopsias cutáneas de pacientes con sida e histoplasmosis diseminada

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Gerzaín Rodríguez

2001-06-01

Full Text Available La histoplasmosis diseminada (HD compromete la piel y la mucosa oronasofaríngea con alta frecuencia. Entre 1.800 enfermos con sida, 19 presentaron HD, todos con compromiso cutáneo o mucocutáneo. Las lesiones cutáneas fueron máculas, pápulas umbilicadas o escamocostrosas, nódulos y úlceras, en tanto que 42% de los pacientes presentaron ulceras orales. Las biopsias mostraron dermatitis perivasculares superficiales y profundas, nodulares y difusas, foliculitis pustulosa o vasculitis con PMN y leucocitoclasia, con cantidades variables del hongo, fagocitado por macrófagos. En 5 biopsias, Histoplasma ca~sulatums e vio dentro de los nervios cutáneos que estaban rodeados de inflamación variable o tenían perinervio desflecado y estaban invadidos por macrófagos con el hongo. Los principales diagnósticos diferenciales histológicos son: vasculitis leucocitoclásica, criptococosis, aftas, paracoccidioidomicosis y leishmaniasis difusa. Los clínicos, laboratoristas y patólogos deben tener en mente la HD en toda úlcera oral o erupción máculo-papular cutánea de pacientes con sida, pues el diagnóstico rápido de la micosis conduce a un tratamiento oportuno y eficaz, que controla la enfermedad. La biopsia es un procedimiento de diagnóstico rápido, seguro y confiable. H. capsulatum es capaz de invadir los nervios cutáneos.

TUMOR DE MASSON DE CAVIDAD ORAL: PRESENTACIONES CLÍNICAS

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ENRIQUE COSCARÓN-BLANCO

2018-05-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN: El tumor de Masson o hemangioendotelioma vegetante intravascular, es una hiperplasia endotelial  papilar hacia el interior del vaso pudiendo ocluirlo y trombosarlo con necrosis e infartos locales, constituyendo tumoraciones rojizas irregulares bien delimitadas de localización preferente en piel y riñón, siendo muy raros en cavidad oral. Son elásticos no indurados, depresibles y frágiles, con crecimiento lentamente progresivo . MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS:Presentamos dos casos . Varón afecto de hematemesis repetidas sin identificarse origen inicialmente, demostrándose tumor de Masson de paladar duro oculto por prótesis dental, que fue resecado mediante pinza bipolar previa infiltración con suero perilesional para devascularizarlo. El segundo fue una mujer  que en relación con la ingesta presentó cuadro de hematemesis importante. La valoración de Urgencias y la endoscopia digestiva no identificaron el origen del sangrado en tubo digestivo, aunque la endoscopista identificó nuevo sangrado desde cavidad oral. La exploración ORL objetivó una pequeña tumoración rojiza de apariencia vascular en zona de mordida izquierda, sangrante al mínimo roce, cuya resección se realizó de urgencia sin incidencias, con idéntica técnica y diagnóstico anatomopatológico. Posteriormente, se constató el antecedente de episodios previos de menor cuantía. DISCUSIÓN: Los tumores de Masson son muy raros en tubo digestivo y excepcionales en cavidad oral. Se han relacionado con irritaciones repetidas o traumatismos locales,hematomas encapsulados o preexistencia de otras lesiones vasculares. Estos factores parecen haber acontecido en nuestros pacientes (roce de prótesis dental en paladar y mordidas de repetición. Son masas de lento crecimiento en las que se producen con frecuencia fenómenos trombóticos. Sin embargo, el roce de su superficie puede dar lugar a sangrados importantes como en estos casos. Deben diferenciarse de tumores

Nuevos anticoagulantes orales en fibrilación auricular no valvular New oral ant icoagulants in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation

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Andrés F Buitrago

2012-08-01

Full Text Available La fibrilación auricular es la arritmia cardiaca sostenida más común y su prevalencia se duplica cada decenio por encima de los cincuenta años. Entretanto, las condiciones clínicas que más se asocian con ésta son la hipertensión arterial, la insuficiencia cardíaca, la enfermedad valvular cardíaca y la diabetes mellitus. Como complicaciones está la falla cardiaca, pero tal vez una de las peores son los eventos cardioembólicos, que ocurren aproximadamente en 4,5% de los pacientes no anticoagulados. El tratamiento antitrombótico con antagonistas de la vitamina K fue, durante más de cincuenta años, la única alternativa disponible, a pesar de sus múltiples limitaciones, las mismas que llevaron al desarrollo de nuevos fármacos anticoagulantes que disminuyen muchos de los problemas de los antagonistas de la vitamina K. Pueden agruparse en dos clases: inhibidores orales directos de la trombina e inhibidores orales del factor X activado. Tanto dabigatrán, rivaroxabán como apixabán, cuentan ya con estudios clínicos controlados aleatorizados que apoyan su uso en el tratamiento antitrombótico de la fibrilación auricular y recientemente se incluyeron en las guías basadas en la evidencia como alternativa (ACC e incluso con un grado de recomendación superior (CCS, CHEST al de los antagonistas de la vitamina K.Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and its prevalence doubles every decade for people older than fifty years. Meanwhile, the clinical conditions most associated with it are hypertension, heart failure, valvular heart disease and diabetes mellitus. Complications include heart failure, but perhaps one of the worst ones are the stroke events, which occur in approximately 4.5% of not anticoagulated patients. Antithrombotic therapy with vitamin K antagonists was for over fifty years the only alternative available, despite its many limitations. These limitations led to the development of new

Tratamiento ambulatorio del paciente con neutropenia febril Outpatient therapy in patients with febrile neutropenia

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Andrés Londoño Gallo

2008-01-01

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El tratamiento de los pacientes con neoplasia y neutropenia febril plantea muchas dudas. Una de ellas, que genera ansiedad en el personal de la salud, el paciente y sus familiares, es la necesidad de hospitalización porque ésta implica exponer a gérmenes intrahospitalarios potencialmente resistentes a un paciente cuyo sistema inmune puede no estar en las mejores condiciones; incluso con un aislamiento óptimo existe el riesgo de adquirir una infección nosocomial. Muchos estudios han tratado de validar métodos para clasificar a los pacientes con fiebre y neutropenia en grupos de diferente riesgo, como fundamento para implementar estrategias de tratamiento selectivo; así se ha abierto la posibilidad de utilizar medidas más conservadoras para el tratamiento de los episodios de bajo riesgo, entre ellas la administración de regímenes orales ambulatorios de antibióticos de amplio espectro; ello sin demeritar la necesidad de aplicar un juicio clínico adecuado, hacer un buen seguimiento y tener acceso a la atención médica inmediata. La neutropenia es una de las consecuencias graves de la quimioterapia para el cáncer, y se ha demostrado que el tratamiento del paciente neutropénico febril con antibióticos intravenosos reduce la mortalidad. La terapia oral podría ser una alternativa aceptable para pacientes bien seleccionados. Ella puede mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con cáncer, evitar las complicaciones asociadas con la terapia intravenosa y disminuir los costos del tratamiento.

Treatment of patients with neoplasia and febrile neutropenia, as a consequence of chemotherapy, poses many doubts, among them the need for hospitalization, since this implies exposure to potentially resistant nosocomial microorganisms. Even under the best isolation techniques, there may

Celulitis orbitaria bilateral con endoftalmitis en una paciente con reciente diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 2

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Lesley Farrell González

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Se presentó una mujer de 74 años al servicio de urgencias del HRAEBI, ISSSTE, el día 2 de septiembre de 2010 con datos de desequilibrio hidroelectrolítico, hipotensión y conjuntivitis bilateral. Sus signos vitales durante su estancia en urgencias fueron: tensión arterial, 80/40 mmHg; temperatura, 38.5 °C; frecuencia respiratoria, 22 rpm; frecuencia cardíaca 89 lpm Se interconsulta al servicio de Oftalmología quienes diagnosticaron celulitis orbitaria bilateral, con no percepción de luz en ambos ojos e igualmente ausencia de reflejos pupilares. Se inició tratamiento con antibióticos intravenosos y se solicitó tomografía computarizada de órbitas y cerebro. Se internó para estabilizar su estado general; durante su estancia se diagnosticó diabetes mellitus y estado inmunosupresivo por datos de candidiasis oral y otros síntomas. La tomografía mostró celulitis orbitaria bilateral con formación de abscesos orbitarios, sin datos de proceso infeccioso a nivel bucal o de senos paranasales. La evolución de la celulitis fue tórpida a pesar de la terapia antibiótica cuádruple (cefotaxima, vancomicina, metronidazol y clindamicina; posteriormente imipenem, clindamicina y vancomicina con desarrollo de endoftalmitis bilateral por lo cual fue necesario eviscerar ambos ojos. Se tomó cultivo directo del vítreo y 3 días después se encontró como germen causal Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Training traditional birth attendants on the use of misoprostol and a blood measurement tool to prevent postpartum haemorrhage: lessons learnt from Bangladesh.

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Bell, Suzanne; Passano, Paige; Bohl, Daniel D; Islam, Arshadul; Prata, Ndola

2014-03-01

A consensus emerged in the late 1990s among leaders in global maternal health that traditional birth attendants (TBAs) should no longer be trained in delivery skills and should instead be trained as promoters of facility-based care. Many TBAs continue to be trained in places where home deliveries are the norm and the potential impacts of this training are important to understand. The primary objective of this study was to gain a more nuanced understanding of the full impact of training TBAs to use misoprostol and a blood measurement tool (mat) for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) at home deliveries through the perspective of those involved in the project. This qualitative study, conducted between July 2009 and July 2010 in Bangladesh, was nested within larger operations research, testing the feasibility and acceptability of scaling up community-based provision of misoprostol and a blood measurement tool for prevention of PPH. A total of 87 in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with TBAs, community health workers (CHWs), managers, and government-employed family welfare visitors (FWVs) at three time points during the study. Computer-assisted thematic data analysis was conducted using ATLAS.ti (version 5.2). Four primary themes emerged during the data analysis, which all highlight changes that occurred following the training. The first theme describes the perceived direct changes linked to the two new interventions. The following three themes describe the indirect changes that interviewees perceived: strengthened linkages between TBAs and the formal healthcare system; strengthened linkages between TBAs and the communities they serve; and improved quality of services/service utilization. The data indicate that training TBAs and CHW supervisors resulted in perceived broader and more nuanced changes than simply improvements in TBAs' knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Acknowledgeing TBAs' important role in the community and in home deliveries and

Estudio preliminar del ganglio centinela en el cáncer oral: a propósito de 12 casos Preliminary study of the sentinel node in oral cancer: in conjunction with 12 cases

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C.I. Salazar Fernandez

2004-06-01

Full Text Available Resumen: El manejo de los cuellos N0 en pacientes con carcinoma epidermoide de cabeza y cuello es controvertido. Objetivo. Demostrar la eficacia diagnóstica de la biopsia del ganglio centinela (GC en los pacientes con carcinoma epidermoide oral con cuello clinicamente negativo. Metodología. Se realiza un estudio prospectivo de 12 pacientes consecutivos, hasta el momento, con carcinoma epidermoide oral de cualquier tamaño y cuello clinicamente negativo que no habian recibido tratamiento antitumoral, asistidos en el S. de Cirugía Maxilofacial del área del H.U.V.M de Sevilla. A estos pacientes se les realiza una linfografía cervical con nanocoloides -Tc 99 para localizar el GC, y una dosis de recuerdo antes de iniciar el ttº quirúrgico. Durante la cirugía se localiza el GC con la sonda y se extirpa, se completa la disección cervical funcional y la extirpación de la lesión con posteriores estudios histológicos independientes. Resultados. índice de linfolocalización: 91%, índice de radiolocalización 100%, falsos negativos 0%, la sensibilidad y VPN del 100%, cocientes de probabilidades positivo > 10 y negativo Abstract: IManagement of the N0 neck in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma remains controversial. Objective. To evaluate the feasibility and predictive ability of the sentinel node (SN localization-biopsy technique for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and clinically negative necks. Methodology. We realize a prospective study of 12 consecutive patients at present, with squamous cell carcinoma oral and clinically negative necks. These patients had not recived treatment against tumor and they were assited by Maxillofacial Surgery Service of HUVM from Seville. All patients received a cervical Tc99mlymphoscintigraphy to localize the sentinel node and a new dose before surgery. Intraoperatively, the sentinel node is localized and it is removed separately before tumor resection and elective

El Arte de recrear el pasado: historia oral y vejez productiva

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Olga Rodrígues de Moraes von Simson

2004-01-01

Full Text Available La metodología de la historia oral o método biográfico es una excelente opción en una investigación socio – histórica, la cual permite reconstruir versiones del pasado mediante el uso de la memoria. El investigador y el informante –persona de la tercera edad– con buen uso de sus facultades mentales, interpretan y analizan el presente con base en las experiencias vividas del anciano. Éste con la ayuda del investigador revive la historia y producen una nueva versión, contraria, muchas veces, a la ya existente.

Effective treatment of common variable immunodeficiency associated diarrhea Diarrea asociada a inmunodeficiencia común variable tratada con budesonida

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H. Córdova Guevara

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Common variable immunodeficiency disorder (CVID, the commonest symptomatic primary antibody deficiency syndrome, is characterised by recurrent bacterial infections, particularly of the upper and lower airways; it is also associated with an increased incidence of autoimmune and neoplastic disorders. CVID has a high prevalence of infectious, inflammatory and neoplastic gastrointestinal diseases. Up to 60% of the patients with non-treated CVID develop diarrhea and 10% associated idiopathic malabsorption with weight loss. The case of a 50-year-old woman with CVID-associated diarrhea, abdominal pain and bloating of one year's duration is reported. An exhaustive evaluation made for secondary causes of her symptoms was unrevealing; she was treated with loperamide and diet, without improvement. She later followed a course of oral budesonide for 3 months; her clinical symptoms disappeared and her quality of life improved. In conclusion, we report the case of a patient with CVID-related chronic diarrhea who responded well to oral budesonide treatment. This outcome provides the gastroenterologist with a new therapeutic option in this difficult group of patients.La inmunodeficiencia común variable (IDCV es la deficiencia primaria de anticuerpos sintomática más frecuente y está caracterizada por infecciones bacterianas recurrentes, especialmente de las vías aéreas superiores e inferiores, y también asociada a incremento de enfermedades autoinmunes y neoplasias. Presenta alta prevalencia de enfermedades gastrointestinales infecciosas, inflamatorias y neoplásicas. Hasta el 60% de los pacientes con IDCV no tratados desarrollan diarrea y el 10% desarrollan malabsorción idiopática asociado a pérdida de peso. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 50 años con IDCV que presenta diarrea crónica, con dolor y distensión abdominal desde hace 1 año. Realizándose múltiples exploraciones y descartando causas secundarias de diarrea crónica, se inicia

Efectos de la mediación oral para la resolución de conflictos comunicativos en aulas de inglés de Educación Primaria con presencia de alumnado extranjero

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Natalia Barranco Izquierdo

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Las autoras de esta investigación parten de la premisa relativa al estatus particular, potencial y efectivo de la mediación oral como un eje vertebrador de la comunicación durante el proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje. Dan cuenta -­‐movilizando procedimientos y estrategias propias de la investigación interpretativa-­‐, de las potencialidades de la mediación oral en la resolución o evitación de los conflictos comunicativos que tienen lugar en el discurso de enseñanza/ aprendizaje de inglés, en aulas de Educación Primaria con presencia de alumnado extranjero. Destacan sus efectos en las actividades comunicativas de la lengua planificadas para el aula, en la perspectiva última de la formación del profesorado, a quien corresponde el logro de la integración socioeducativa de este alumnado.

Animal models for evaluation of oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals

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Harloff-Helleberg, Stine; Nielsen, Line Hagner; Nielsen, Hanne Mørck

2017-01-01

of systems for oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals may result in new treatment modalities to increase the patient compliance and reduce product cost. In the preclinical development phase, use of experimental animal models is essential for evaluation of new formulation designs. In general, the limited oral...... bioavailability of biopharmaceuticals, of just a few percent, is expected, and therefore, the animal models and the experimental settings must be chosen with utmost care. More knowledge and focus on this topic is highly needed, despite experience from the numerous studies evaluating animal models for oral drug...... delivery of small molecule drugs. This review highlights and discusses pros and cons of the most currently used animal models and settings. Additionally, it also looks into the influence of anesthetics and sampling methods for evaluation of drug delivery systems for oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals...

Morphological Findings in Trophozoites during Amoebic Abscess Development in Misoprostol-Treated BALB/c Mice

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Andrés Aceves-Cano

2015-01-01

Full Text Available During amoebic liver abscess (ALA formation in susceptible animals, immune response is regulated by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 dependent mechanisms. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of misoprostol (MPL, a PGE1 analogue, on ALA formation in BALB/c mice. Male mice from BALB/c strain were intrahepatically infected with 7.5×105 trophozoites of E. histolytica strain HM1:IMSS and treated with 10−4 M of MPL daily until sacrifice at 2, 4, and 7 days postinfection (p.i.. ALA formation was evaluated at 2, 4, and 7 days postinfection; trophozoite morphology was analyzed using immunohistochemistry and image analysis. Results showed an increase in frequency of ALA formation in infected and MPL-treated mice only at 2 days p.i. (P=0.03. A significant diminution in the size of trophozoites was detected in abscesses from mice independently of MPL treatment (from 5.8±1.1 µm at 2 days p.i. to 2.7±1.9 µm at 7 days p.i. compared with trophozoites dimensions observed in susceptible hamsters (9.6±2.7 µm (P<0.01. These results suggest that MPL treatment may modify the adequate control of inflammatory process to allow the persistence of trophozoites in the liver; however, natural resistance mechanisms cannot be discarded.

Modalidades terapéuticas en la fase latente prolongada del trabajo de parto Therapeutic modalities in the prolonged latent phase of labor

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Danilo Nápoles Méndez

2012-05-01

Full Text Available En el trabajo de parto, la distocia de fase latente constituye una entidad clínica relacionada con el aumento de la morbilidad y mortalidad materna y perinatal. En este artículo se exponen las modalidades de tratamiento para el trastorno de esta fase del trabajo de parto, a fin de que los obstetras posean alternativas terapéuticas que posibiliten una mayor preparación en la toma de decisiones. Asimismo, se describen tanto las formas de terapia conservadora (reposo terapéutico, como las de la activa. Se concluye que el tratamiento activo no invasivo de base etiológica con misoprostol y la terapia activa con oxitocina y rotura artificial de membranas tardía, son modalidades empleadas en obstetricia con resultados satisfactorios.Dystocia of latent phase constitutes a clinical entity related to the increase of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality during labor. The treatment modalities for the disorder of this phase of labor are exposed in this work, so that the obstetricians have therapeutic alternatives which facilitate a greater preparation in the decision-making process. The ways for conservative therapy (therapeutic rest and active therapy are also described. It is concluded that the non-invasive active treatment of etiological basis with misoprostol and the active therapy with oxytocin and late artificial rupture of membranes are the modalities used in obstetrics with satisfactory results.

[Medical induced abortion].

Science.gov (United States)

Bettahar, K; Pinton, A; Boisramé, T; Cavillon, V; Wylomanski, S; Nisand, I; Hassoun, D

2016-12-01

Updated clinical recommendations for medical induced abortion procedure. A systematic review of French and English literature, reviewing the evidence relating to the provision of medical induced abortion was carried out on PubMed, Cochrane Library and international scientific societies recommendations. The effectiveness of medical abortion is higher than 95% when the protocols are adjusted to gestational age (EL1). Misoprostol alone is less effective than a combination of mifepristone and misoprostol (EL1). Gemeprost is less effective than misoprostol (EL2). The dose of 200mg of mifepristone should be preferred to 600mg (NP1, Rank A). Mifepristone can be taken at home (professional agreement). The optimum interval between mifepristone and misoprostol intake should be 24 to 48 hours (EL1, grade A). Before 7 weeks LMP, the dose of 400μg misoprostol should be given orally (EL1, grade A) eventually repeated after 3hours if no bleeding occurs. For optimal effectiveness between 7 and 14 LMP, the interval between mifepristone and misoprostol should not be shortened to less than 8hours (grade 1). An interval of 24 to 48hours will not affect the effectiveness of the method provided misoprostol dosage is 800μg (EL1). Vaginal, sublingual or buccal routes of administration are more effective and better tolerated than the oral route, which should be abandoned (EL1). An amount of 800μg sublingual or buccal misoprostol route has the same effectiveness than the vaginal route but more gastrointestinal side effects (EL1, grade A). Between 7 and 9 LMP, it does not seem necessary to repeat misoprostol dose whereas it should be repeated beyond 9 SA (grade B). Between 9 and 14 LMP, the dose of 400μg misoprostol given either vaginally, buccally or sublingually should be repeated every 3hours if needed (with a maximum of 5 doses) (EL2, grade B). There is no strong evidence supporting routine antibiotic prophylaxis for medical abortion (professional agreement). Rare contraindications

EVALUACIÓN DE LAS TÉCNICAS DE CEPILLADO DE BASS Y VERTICAL EN UN GRUPO DE PACIENTES EN TRATAMIENTO DE ORTODONCIA CON TÉCNICA MBT

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Yelitza Ivone Baracaldo Ortíz

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de las técnicas de Cepillado de Bass y Vertical en pacientes con aparatología ortodóntica fija tratados con la técnica MBT. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio experimental “In vivo” aleatorizado doble ciego; la muestra fue de 100 personas distribuidas en dos grupos, a cada uno se le asignó una Técnica de Cepillado y se dieron instrucciones de higiene oral por medio de charlas personalizadas y por escrito. Se usó el índice de Sillnes y Löe para medir el porcentaje de placa bacteriana, el cual fue realizado por una higienista oral, cada 30 ± 3 días durante 3 meses. A los dos grupos se les realizó profilaxis con el objetivo de tener un índice inicial de placa lo más aproximado a cero. A los participantes se les entregó mensualmente los aditamentos de higiene oral que debían usar. Resultados: antes de dar instrucciones de higiene oral el 73,4% tenían índice de placa moderado, el 16,46% severo y el 10,3% incipiente. El grupo de Técnica Vertical obtuvo mayor reducción de placa en comparación con el grupo de Técnica  Bass durante la primera toma (p

EVALUACIÓN DE LAS TÉCNICAS DE CEPILLADO DE BASS Y VERTICAL EN UN GRUPO DE PACIENTES EN TRATAMIENTO DE ORTODONCIA CON TÉCNICA MBT

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Yelitza Ivone Baracaldo Ortíz

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de las técnicas de Cepillado de Bass y Vertical en pacientes con aparatología ortodóntica fija tratados con la técnica MBT. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio experimental “In vivo” aleatorizado doble ciego; la muestra fue de 100 personas distribuidas en dos grupos, a cada uno se le asignó una Técnica de Cepillado y se dieron instrucciones de higiene oral por medio de charlas personalizadas y por escrito. Se usó el índice de Sillnes y Löe para medir el porcentaje de placa bacteriana, el cual fue realizado por una higienista oral, cada 30 ± 3 días durante 3 meses. A los dos grupos se les realizó profilaxis con el objetivo de tener un índice inicial de placa lo más aproximado a cero. A los participantes se les entregó mensualmente los aditamentos de higiene oral que debían usar. Resultados: antes de dar instrucciones de higiene oral el 73,4% tenían índice de placa moderado, el 16,46% severo y el 10,3% incipiente. El grupo de Técnica Vertical obtuvo mayor reducción de placa en comparación con el grupo de Técnica  Bass durante la primera toma (pConclusiones: La Técnica de Cepillado Vertical es más efectiva que la Técnica Bass para disminuir la placa bacteriana en pacientes tratados ortodónticamente con la técnica MBT.  

Evaluación del impacto en la calidad de vida de pacientes adultos rehabilitados con nuevas prótesis removibles totales

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Valentina Degrandi

Full Text Available Resumen El presente trabajo fue realizado en el marco de la valorización actual que tanto la Medicina como la Odontología hacen de la obtención de mejora en la Calidad de Vida (CV de los pacientes, con los tratamientos instaurados. El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar si existía mejora en la Calidad de Vida en Relación a la Salud Oral (CVRSO de los pacientes adultos desdentados bimaxilares rehabilitados con nuevos juegos de prótesis totales en una Clínica de Prostodoncia Removible de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de la República, en Uruguay. Se incluyeron 100 pacientes adultos, desdentados bimaxilares, que no presentaron discapacidad intelectual ni enfermedades sistémicas que afectaran sus funciones orales. Para medir la CVRSO se utilizó el instrumento de medición Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14. Fueron analizadas las puntuaciones antes de la rehabilitación (pre-tratamiento con resultado de 9,42 ± 7,79, en el momento del alta del paciente (control inmediato con resultado de 3,13 ± 4,49 y luego de 3 meses de dada el alta (control mediato con 2,13 ± 3,32. Se observó una disminución entre la primera y segunda medición (p<0,001 que se acentuó al comparar la primera con la tercera medición (p<0,001. Los resultados obtenidos señalan que existió mejoría estadísticamente significativa de la CVRSO percibida por los pacientes encuestados.

Efecto de la restitución temprana de la nutrición oral en la pancreatitis aguda leve

OpenAIRE

Vega Sandoval, Carlos Andres; Isaza Restrepo, Andres; Moscoso Daza, Alejandro

2010-01-01

Aunque el manejo nutricional de los pacientes con Pancreatitis Aguda Severa ha sido bien establecido por la evidencia disponible, el inicio de la vía oral en Pancreatitis Leve no ha sido igualmente estudiado. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el efecto del inicio temprano de la nutrición por vía oral en estos pacientes. Métodos: Realizamos un descriptivo serie de comparación de casos en los cuales comparamos la evolución y resultados del manejo de los pacientes con pancreatitis aguda ant...

HIPERINFECCIÓN POR STRONGYLOIDES EN ANCIANO CON EPOC

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Análida Elizabeth Pinilla Roa

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Se presenta un caso de un hombre de 81 años natural de zona rural, agricultor, recolector de café 50 años atrás y jardinero por 22 años en Bogotá. Consultó por dolor abdominal de 10 días de evolución, localizado hacia mesogastrio y epigastrio. Además, disnea, tos productiva. Antecedentes: enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, cor pulmonale, fumador de 25 paquetes /año, había recibido prednisona oral y beclometasona inhalada en diversas ocasiones incluso en la última hospitalización. En el examen físico presentó signos de desnutrición, taquicardia, taquipnea; estertores en base del hemitórax derecho; abdomen: blando, depresible con dolor a la palpación profunda en epigastrio e hipocondrio derecho. Ingresó con síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica por taquicardia, taquipnea, leucocitosis 37.600 y eosinofilia 52-60%, Ig E: 180 UI/ ml. Se evidenciaron larvas rabditiformes de Strongyloides stercoralis en esputo y materia fecal. La radiografía de tórax mostró derrame pleural derecho, la ecografía hepática fue normal, la endoscopia de vías digestivas altas evidenció gastritis y duodenitis. Se inició tratamiento con ivermectina 200 mg/Kg/dosis, con seguimiento clínico y de laboratorio con evolución clínica satisfactoria.

Manifestaciones mucocutaneas en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistemico

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V. Saurit

2003-08-01

Full Text Available El objetivo fue estudiar en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES la prevalencia de las lesiones mucocutáneas. Se incluyeron 77 pacientes. Las lesiones mucocutáneas fueron clasificadas en específicas y no específicas. Se definió el fototipo, exposición solar y fotoprotección. Se relacionaron las lesiones con la serología y la actividad de la enfermedad. Las lesiones específicas encontradas fueron: agudas (67.5%, lupus subagudo (6.3% y lesiones crónicas (26.0%. Las lesiones no específicas fueron: alopecia difusa (59%, fotosensibilidad (57%, fenómeno de Raynaud (47%, úlceras orales (16% y livedo reticularis (12%. El fototipo 3 (35% fue predominante; la exposición a las radiaciones ultravioletas fue moderada en 74%. Sólo 47% utilizaron protectores solares. Los anticuerpos anti-Ro se relacionaron en forma significativa con eritema malar, fotosensibilidad, livedo reticularis y alopecia. Los anticuerpos anti-Sm se relacionaron con fenómeno de Raynaud. Todas estas lesiones se observaron con mayor frecuencia en pacientes con enfermedad activa. La prevalencia de las manifestaciones mucocutáneas fue ligeramente más elevada a la informada en otras series. Hubo mayor prevalencia de eritema malar, alopecia difusa, fotosensibilidad y livedo reticularis en pacientes con enfermedad activa y anti-Ro (+ y de fenómeno Raynaud con anti-Sm.(+.The objective was to analyze the prevalence of mucocutaneous lesions in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE. During a 3-year period, we analyzed 77 patients with a diagnosis of SLE. The mucocutaneous lesions were classified into specific and non-specific. We defined skin type, sunlight exposure and photoprotection and correlated these lesions with serology and disease activity. Acute specific lesions were found in 67.5% of the patients, subacute lupus in 6.5% and chronic lesions in 26.0%. The most prevalent non-specific lesions were alopecia (59.7%, photosensitivity (57.1%, Raynaud

ENSAYO: RELACIONES DE GÉNERO EN INVESTIGACIONES BASADAS EN EXPERIENCIAS DE HISTORIA ORAL

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Olga Cabrera García

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Este ensayo se propone analizar algunas cuestiones acerca de la perspectiva multidisciplinar en la metodología de la historia oral. Las investigaciones de historia oral tienen algunas características que le dan su especificidad pero, el artículo se concentra sobre dos de ellas: la entrevista y la construcción del documento oral. Se presentan algunas experiencias de ambas etapas de la investigación aunque el énfasis recae sobre el segundo aspecto. Se estudia la vida cotidiana así como la memoria, vinculadas al tiempo, con el propósito de comprender la historia oral.

Alteraciones de la mucosa bucal causadas por la asociación entre el tabaco y los colutorios bucales con una concentración de alcohol del 26,9 % Alterations of the oral mucous membrane caused by the association between tobacco and the mouthwashes with an alcohol concentration of 26.9 %

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Anna Christina Medeiros Fossati

2006-09-01

Full Text Available Se analizaron el epitelio y la capa de queratina de la mucosa oral de 15 ratas que durante 45 días fueron sometidas a una aplicación tópica de picadura de tabaco y de colutorio bucal con una concentración de alcohol del 26,9 %. Tras ese período, se extrajeron las mucosas y se les realizó un análisis histológico. Se observó una significativa disminución del espesor del epitelio y de la capa de queratina, lo que indica que la picadura asociada con colutorios bucales con alta concentración de alcohol, provoca la reducción del espesor de la capa de queratina y del epitelio de la boca.The epithelium and the keratin layer of the oral mucous membrane of 15 rats that were subjected to a topical application of cut tobacco and mouthwashes with an alcohol concentration of 26.9 % during 45 days were analyzed. After that period, the oral mucous membranes were removed and a histological analysis was made. It was observed a significant decrease of the thickness of the epithelium and of the keratin layer, which shows that cut tobbaco associated with collutories with a high concentration of alcohol causes the reduction of the thickness of the keratin layer and of the mouth epithelium.

Effect of Lectins from Diocleinae Subtribe against Oral Streptococci

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Edson Holanda Teixeira

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Surface colonization is an essential step in biofilm development. The ability of oral pathogens to adhere to tooth surfaces is directly linked with the presence of specific molecules at the bacterial surface that can interact with enamel acquired pellicle ligands. In light of this, the aim of this study was to verify inhibitory and antibiofilm action of lectins from the Diocleinaesubtribe against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus oralis. The inhibitory action against planctonic cells was assessed using lectins from Canavaliaensi formis (ConA, Canavalia brasiliensis (ConBr, Canavalia maritima (ConM, Canavalia gladiata (CGL and Canavalia boliviana (ConBol. ConBol, ConBr and ConM showed inhibitory activity on S. mutans growth. All lectins, except ConA, stimulated significantly the growth of S. oralis. To evaluate the effect on biofilm formation, clarified saliva was added to 96-well, flat-bottomed polystyrene plates, followed by the addition of solutions containing 100 or 200 µg/mL of the selected lectins. ConBol, ConM and ConA inhibited the S. mutans biofilms. No effects were found on S. oralis biofilms. Structure/function analysis were carried out using bioinformatics tools. The aperture and deepness of the CRD (Carbohydrate Recognition Domain permit us to distinguish the two groups of Canavalia lectins in accordance to their actions against S. mutans and S. oralis. The results found provide a basis for encouraging the use of plant lectins as biotechnological tools in ecological control and prevention of caries disease.

Factores de riesgo relacionados con lupus eritematoso sistémico en población mexicana

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Zonana-Nacach Abraham

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Evaluar los factores de riesgo asociados con el desarrollo de lupus eritematoso sistémico en población mexicana. Material y métodos. Estudio de casos y controles, efectuado en junio de 1996 en el Departamento de Reumatología del Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI (HE CMN, del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, de la Ciudad de México. Se estudiaron 130 pacientes (casos que presentaban cuatro o más criterios de clasificación de lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES y con una evolución de la enfermedad menor de cinco años. Los controles fueron pacientes hospitalizados por enfermedades agudas no autoinmunes. Fueron pareados 1:1 por edad y sexo; ambos grupos se evaluaron a través de una entrevista directa y la aplicación de un cuestionario estructurado. Se estudiaron los siguientes factores de riesgo: genéticos (historia familiar de LES o enfermedad de tejido conjuntivo, sociodemográficos (raza, lugar de residencia, educación, ingreso mensual; hormonales (anticonceptivos orales, terapia hormonal de remplazo y ginecobstétricos; ambientales (productos para el cabello, cohabitación con perros, infecciones, alergias. El análisis estadístico fue hecho con razón de momios (RM IC 95% y regresión logística. Resultados. El análisis estadístico multivariado mostró asociación con el antecedente familiar de LES (RM 4.2, IC 95% 1.17-15.2 u otra ETC (RM 2.6, IC 95% 1.15-4.5, uso de anticonceptivos orales por más de un año (RM 2.1, IC 95% 1.13-4.3, faringoamigdalitis de repetición (RM 2.1, IC 95% 1.18 - 3.6 y fármacos (RM 5.0, IC 95% 1.62 - 21.6. No hubo relación con factores socieconómicos, el uso de productos para el cabello, con asma o con antecedentes alérgicos. Conclusiones. Factores genéticos como el antecedente heredo-familiar de LES o enfermedad de tejido conjuntivo en familiares de primer grado continúan siendo factores importantes en el desarrollo de LES. Otros factores de riesgo

Nuevos anticoagulantes orales en fibrilación auricular no valvular

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Andrés F. Buitrago, MD

2012-07-01

Full Text Available La fibrilación auricular es la arritmia cardiaca sostenida más común y su prevalencia se duplica cada decenio por encima de los cincuenta años. Entretanto, las condiciones clínicas que más se asocian con ésta son la hipertensión arterial, la insuficiencia cardíaca, la enfermedad valvular cardíaca y la diabetes mellitus. Como complicaciones está la falla cardiaca, pero tal vez una de las peores son los eventos cardioembólicos, que ocurren aproximadamente en 4,5% de los pacientes no anticoagulados. El tratamiento antitrombótico con antagonistas de la vitamina K fue, durante más de cincuenta años, la única alternativa disponible, a pesar de sus múltiples limitaciones, las mismas que llevaron al desarrollo de nuevos fármacos anticoagulantes que disminuyen muchos de los problemas de los antagonistas de la vitamina K. Pueden agruparse en dos clases: inhibidores orales directos de la trombina e inhibidores orales del factor X activado. Tanto dabigatrán, rivaroxabán como apixabán, cuentan ya con estudios clínicos controlados aleatorizados que apoyan su uso en el tratamiento antitrombótico de la fibrilación auricular y recientemente se incluyeron en las guías basadas en la evidencia como alternativa (ACC e incluso con un grado de recomendación superior (CCS, CHEST al de los antagonistas de la vitamina K.

La fluidez discursiva oral. Una propuesta de evaluación.

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Martha Patricia Menjura Torres

2007-01-01

Full Text Available ENGLISH:Repetitions, pauses, silences, unfinished or truncated statements, gestures, doubts and noises are normal phenomena in oral communication and important resources for any user to make clear the meaning of a given expression, to emphasize the emotion of a statement, to create participation spaces for the interlocutor, or simply to breathe.However these phenomena don´t always increase quality to the speech, and their excessive or repeated presence in the user generates noise or interference within the communication. This text points out the moments in which the oral phenomena may affect positively or negatively the speech quality according to the context and the speaker's intention. SPANISH:Las repeticiones, pausas, silencios, alargamientos, enunciados truncados o inconclusos, gestos, vacilaciones y ruidos son fenómenos normales dentro de la comunicación oral y constituyen recursos importantes que usa el hablante para precisar el significado de una expresión, para multiplicar la emotividad de un enunciado, para generar espacios de participación con el interlocutor, o simplemente para respirar. Sin embargo, estos fenómenos no siempre aportan calidad al discurso, y su presencia reiterada o excesiva por parte del hablante, genera ruidos o interferencias en la comunicación. Este texto señala los momentos en los cuales los fenómenos orales pueden incidir positiva o negativamente en la calidad del discurso de acuerdo con el contexto y la intencionalidad del hablante.

Oral Versus Topical Diclofenac Sodium in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis.

Science.gov (United States)

Tieppo Francio, Vinicius; Davani, Saeid; Towery, Chris; Brown, Tony L

2017-06-01

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common causes of joint pain in the United States and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs), such as Diclofenac sodium, which is currently available in two main routes of administration; oral and topical distribution have been established as one of the standard treatments for OA. Generally, oral NSAIDs are well tolerated; however our narrative review suggests that the topical solution had a better tolerability property than oral Diclofenac sodium, especially due to side effects of gastrointestinal bleeding with the utilization of the oral format. In addition, the topical route may be considered a reasonable selection by clinicians for management of musculoskeletal pain in those patients with a history of potential risk and adverse side effects. Most studies reviewed comparing oral versus topical solution of Diclofenac sodium revealed comparable efficacy, with minimal side effects utilizing the topical route. The key point of this narrative review is to help clinicians that currently must decide between very inexpensive diclofenac oral presentations and expensive topical presentations especially in the elderly population and the pros and cons of such decision-making process.

From strengths to weaknesses: Guiding students in their development of oral skills

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Ariza Ariza Aleida

2003-08-01

Full Text Available This article intends to report on a small research project carried out with a group of adult EFL learners at the National University extension program, in Bogotá. Founded on a needs analysis process, some activities based on students’ strengths were proposed and developed in order to meet the students’ main need: oral skills. The proposal was implemented and evaluated revealing oral portfolios and debates as useful tools in the development of oral proficiency as well as support in students’ self-regulation processes. Key words: Adult Second Language Acquisition-Methodology-Evaluation, English- Teaching-Evaluation, Oral Communication-Teaching-Methodology, Teaching Adults- Programs El objetivo del presente artículo es dar a conocer un proyecto de investigación a pequeña escala, desarrollado con un grupo de estudiantes adultos de inglés como lengua extranjera en la Unidad de Extensión de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, en Bogotá. A partir de un proceso de análisis de necesidades, se plantearon y desarrollaron algunas actividades basadas en las fortalezas de los estudiantes con miras a suplir la principal necesidad de los estudiantes: las habilidades orales. La implementación y evaluación de la propuesta mostró que los portafolios y los debates son herramientas claves en el desarrollo de la proficiencia así como en el apoyo de los procesos de autorregulación de los estudiantes. Palabras claves: Adquisición de una segunda lengua-Metodología-Evaluación, Inglés-Enseñanza-Evaluación, Comunicación oral-Enseñanza-Metodología, Educación de adultos-Programas

A quality assessment of patient leaflets on misoprostol induced labour – does written information adhere to international standards for patient involvement and informed consent?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Clausen, Jette Aaroe; Juul, Mette; Rydahl, Eva

Objectives: The need for thorough patient information is increasing as maternity care becomes more medicalised. The aim was to assess the quality of written patient information on labour induction. In most Danish hospitals misoprostol is the first-choice drug for induction in low-risk pregnancies......). Design: Patient leaflets were evaluated according to a validated scoring tool (IPDAS), core elements in The Danish Health Act, and items regarding off-label use and non-registered medication. Two of the authors scored all leaflets independently. Outcome measures: Women’s involvement in decision making......, and information on benefits and harms associated with the treatment, other justifiable treatment options, and non-registered treatment. Results: Generally, the hospitals scored low on the IPDAS checklist. No hospitals encouraged women to consider their preferences. Information on side-effects and adverse outcomes...

Estudio epidemiológico de salud oral y calidad de vida oral de una población geriátrica institucionalizada de la Comunidad de Madrid

OpenAIRE

Olivo Jaramillo, Gloria

2016-01-01

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la salud oral en relación con la calidad de vida de los pacientes geriátricos institucionalizados en dos residencias de la comunidad de Madrid (España). El estudio fue realizado por el Departamento de Estomatología IV de la Facultad de odontología de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. ANTECEDENTES: Con el envejecimiento de la sociedad la proporción de mayores se esta incrementando siendo un fenómeno global y llegando a constituir un importante proble...

Neurofibromatosis tipo I con manifestaciones en el periodonto y lengua: presentación de un caso Type I neurofibromatosis with periodontal and lingual manifestations: a case report

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M.C. Negreiros Lyrio

2008-06-01

Full Text Available La enfermedad de Von Recklinghausen o Neurofibromatosis Tipo I (NF1 es una condición autosómica dominante que presenta una variada expresión clínica, con manifestaciones que van desde manchas tipo café con leche en piel a severas complicaciones estéticas y funcionales afectando los tejidos óseos y nerviosos. Las manifestaciones orales de la NF1 son comunes, afectando aproximadamente al 72% de los pacientes. Presentamos un caso de NF1 con lesiones neurofibromatosas afectando al reborde alveolar inferior y lengua, con indicación de excisión quirúrgica debido a la dificultad de higiene local.Von Recklinghausen’s disease, or type I neurofibromatosis (NF-1, is an autosomal dominant condition with a varied clinical expression. Disease manifestations may range from café au lait spots of the skin to severe cosmetic and functional complications that affect bone and nervous tissues. Oral manifestations of NF-1 are common, affecting approximately 72% of patients. We report a case of NF-1 with neurofibromatous lesions of the lower alveolar bridge and tongue. Resection was indicated due to the difficulty of maintaining oral hygiene.

Estimulación del lenguaje oral. Algunas actividades y recursos para el andamiaje del lenguaje oral en un aula de 0 a 3 años

OpenAIRE

Carrión Villanueva, Ana

2016-01-01

La estimulación del lenguaje oral supone un apoyo fundamental para el desarrollo de los niños en las aulas de Educación Infantil. El lenguaje forma parte del desarrollo cognitivo, nos permite comunicarnos con los demás y satisfacer las necesidades humanas, siendo la base de futuros aprendizajes que comienzan en la etapa de Educación Infantil. Por ello, este Trabajo de Fin de Grado, aborda la estimulación del lenguaje oral en las edades comprendidas entre cero y tres años. Se van a presen...

Valoración de la enseñanza de la lengua oral en el aula: uso de la herramienta EVALOE en Brasil

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Fatima Vega Llobera

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Se presentan los resultados del uso de una herramienta para valorar la enseñanza de la lengua oral en escuelas de Brasil. La Escala de Valoración de la Lengua Oral en Contexto Escolar –EVALOE, fue creada con el objetivo de valorar, mediante una escala de observación y una entrevista semiestructurada las habilidades de los maestros para promover el desarrollo de la competencia lingüística (hablar y escuchar de los alumnos en sus aulas. En el estudio se han llevado cabo 40 observaciones en cuatro escuelas públicas de la región de São Paulo. Los resultados indican que la EVALOE es un instrumento útil para conocer la manera como los maestros gestionan la clase, los aspectos relacionados con el diseño instruccional, y las funciones y estrategias comunicativas que utilizan. También ha resultado útil para iniciar procesos de reflexión y asesoramiento con los maestros con el fin de introducir cambios en sus prácticas educativas para mejorar el trabajo de la lengua oral en sus aulas.

Aplicación del nitrógeno líquido en el tratamiento de pacientes con leucoplasia bucal Application of liquid nitrogen in the treatment of patients with oral leukoplakia

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Gladys Aída Estrada Pereira

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 200 pacientes con leucoplasia bucal, atendidos en la consulta estomatológica del Policlínico de Especialidades del Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico "Saturnino Lora Torres" de Santiago de Cuba, desde septiembre del 2007 hasta igual mes del 2012, a fin de evaluar los efectos terapéuticos del nitrógeno líquido en el tratamiento de esta afección. Este refrigerante se empleó en la remoción quirúrgica de la citada enfermedad y propició una ��ptima regeneración de los tejidos bucales afectados en el menor tiempo posible. Para ello se aplicaron intervenciones repetidas de enfriamientos súbitos, así como deshielos lentos y espontáneos, con excelentes resultados en los integrantes de la casuística. Esta sustancia criogénica fue efectiva en el epitelio mucoso por sus propiedades, tales como: anestésica, antimicrobiana, antiinfecciosa, cicatrizante e inmunológica y permitió una curación rápida, menos dolorosa, sin riesgo ni complicación e inocua a los tejidos bucales, lo cual impidió la formación de cicatrices residuales.A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 200 patients with oral leukoplakia, attended in the stomatology department of the Polyclinic of Specialties in "Saturnino Lora Torres" Provincial Teaching Clinical Surgical Hospital of Santiago de Cuba, from September 2007 to the same month of 2012, in order to evaluate the therapeutic effects of liquid nitrogen in treating this condition. This coolant was used in the surgical removal of the lesion and contributed to a good regeneration of affected oral tissues in the shortest time possible. With this purpose repeated interventions of sudden cooling were applied, as well as slow and spontaneous thaws with excellent results in the members of the case material. This cryogenic substance was effective in the mucosal epithelium by its anesthetic, antimicrobial, anti-infective, healing and

The establishment of minority affairs offices in schools of dentistry: pros and cons.

Science.gov (United States)

Ballard, Billy R

2003-09-01

The establishment of Minority Affairs Offices in dental schools following the American Association of Medical Colleges' model is discussed as one method of addressing the declining enrollment and compounding oral health disparities of underrepresented minorities African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans in U.S. dental schools. The pros and cons of the approach are discussed, with recommendations.

Efecto del extracto del fruto de Physalis peruviana "tomatillo" en Mus musculus var. swis con hiperlipidemia inducida.

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Julio Campos Florián

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de la presente i nvestigación fue determinar la actividad hipolipidémica del fruto de Physalis peruviana “tomatillo” en un modelo de hiperlipidemia aguda inducida con tritón. Se utilizaron Mus musculus var. swis machos como animales de experimentación. Se trabajó con cuatro grupos de ratones, el grupo blanco recibió agua destilada por vía oral y solución salina fisiológica por vía intraperitoneal, el grupo control recibió agua destilada por vía oral y tritón por vía intraperitoneal, el grupo problema 1 recibió por vía oral 0.05g/100g del extracto de Physalis peruviana y tritón por vía intraperitoneal y el grupo problema 2 recibió por vía oral 0.2g/100g del extracto de Physalis peruviana y tritón por vía intraperitoneal. Luego de 24 horas de administrar los tratamientos se re alizaron las mediciones en suero de las concentraciones de colesterol y triglicéridos. Los niveles promedio de colesterol (mg/dL fueron: 58.87±11.54 (blanco, 121.71±15.00 (control, 58.08±9. 21 (problema 1 y 66.78±16.77 (problema 2. Los niveles promedio de triglicéridos (g/L fueron: 0.48±0.07 (blanco, 1.84±0.18 (control, 0.34±0.10 (problema 1 y 0.94±0.25 (problema 2. Se encontró reducciones significativas (p<0.000, tanto de las concentraciones de colesterol como de triglicéridos en relación a las o btenidas en el grupo tratado sólo con tritón.

Las fuentes orales en la Enseñanza Superior. // Oral sources in Higher Education

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Guadalupe Trigueros Gordillo

2014-12-01

Full Text Available (ES El interés por la historia presente ha llevado a considerar la historia oral como una herramienta que trasciende la investigación histórica para convertirse en una práctica de creación de patrimonio histórico. Planteamos la necesidad de utilizarlo como recurso docente y de su conservación. Parte de un marco teórico que enmarca el concepto y caracteres de las fuentes orales, sus posibilidades didácticas en las materias relacionadas con la Historia de la educación, como medio para la recuperación de la memoria escolar. Para ello se presenta el instrumento de recogida de datos, el análisis y una muestra de los resultados. // (EN People interest in the present history has led to consider the oral history as a tool that transcends the historical research to become a practice of historical heritage creation. We raise the need to use it as a teaching resource and to provide its preservation. It is based on a theoretical framework that frames the concept and characters from oral sources and its educational possibilities in matters related to the History of Education, as a way for the recovery of memory concerning schools. For that reason, the author introduces the instrument of data collection, the analysis of the subject and a sample of the results.

Espironolactona vía oral en coriorretinopatía serosa central crónica: reporte de un caso

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Jorge Othón García Pérez

2016-09-01

En este caso con coriorretinopatía serosa central crónica la terapia antimineralocorticoide con espironolactona vía oral demuestra buenos resultados anatómicos y visuales, al disminuir de manera significativa la cantidad de líquido subfoveal y el grosor macular central, mejorando la agudeza visual mejor corregida sin efectos colaterales.

La delgada línea entre lo legal e ilegal en el reenvasado de los medicamentos orales

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Heberto Arboleya Casanova

Full Text Available RESUMEN En 2009, con la implementación del Modelo Nacional de Farmacia Hospitalaria en México, se establece una integración de la disposición de medicamentos en dosis unitaria, donde el reenvasado de medicamentos orales es un punto crítico y medular que debe ser normalizado y estandarizado por la legislación sanitaria mexicana, de tal forma que permita la dispensación de un medicamento de calidad. Para ello, es necesario conocer los datos de estabilidad, compatibilidad e interacciones entre medicamentos y envases utilizados, así como considerar las técnicas con las que se efectúa el reenvasado, con el objetivo de establecer la nueva fecha de caducidad. Se realizó un análisis bibliográfico de la regulación sanitaria en materia de reenvasado, el cual revela que existen imprecisiones conceptuales importantes, debido a que no existe legislación que regule esta actividad en México: todo se desempeña en un marco de recomendaciones y criterios del farmacéutico. Se concluye que la ley debe ser reformada para establecer los criterios mínimos que deben cumplir los hospitales que implementen el sistema de dosis unitaria de medicamentos orales, en materia de infraestructura, equipamiento y profesionales para el cumplimiento de las buenas prácticas en el reenvasado de medicamentos orales. Para ello, se propone implementar una norma oficial mexicana que regule el proceso de reenvasado en dosis unitaria en el que la autoridad sanitaria unifique conceptos, criterios e instrumentos de verificación, mientras la industria farmacéutica desarrolla la tecnología y recursos para el acondicionamiento en dosis unitaria de los medicamentos con formas farmacéuticas orales dirigidos al sector de la salud.

Oral vaccination of fish: Lessons from humans and veterinary species.

Science.gov (United States)

Embregts, Carmen W E; Forlenza, Maria

2016-11-01

The limited number of oral vaccines currently approved for use in humans and veterinary species clearly illustrates that development of efficacious and safe oral vaccines has been a challenge not only for fish immunologists. The insufficient efficacy of oral vaccines is partly due to antigen breakdown in the harsh gastric environment, but also to the high tolerogenic gut environment and to inadequate vaccine design. In this review we discuss current approaches used to develop oral vaccines for mass vaccination of farmed fish species. Furthermore, using various examples from the human and veterinary vaccine development, we propose additional approaches to fish vaccine design also considering recent advances in fish mucosal immunology and novel molecular tools. Finally, we discuss the pros and cons of using the zebrafish as a pre-screening animal model to potentially speed up vaccine design and testing for aquaculture fish species. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Age and oral health: current considerations Edad y salud oral: consideraciones actuales

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Andrew Tawse-Smith

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Dental plaque is still considered the main etiological factor for periodontal diseases. Our understanding of periodontal disease has advanced from the previous concepts where gingivitis slowly progressed to periodontitis to a more complex scenario that correlates several risk factors in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Among these factors, age has been associated with increased rates of periodontal disease as the population gets older. Although the loss of alveolar bone and periodontal attachment is common in the elderly population, and there is evident age-related changes in the periodontium, severe periodontitis is not a natural consequence of ageing. The importance of identifying the risk factors that participate in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease at an early phase, both of the individual and the disease, as well as evaluating the capacity of the individual to control dental plaque will enable the implementation of an adequate preventive program, where the needs and limitations of the individual are considered to specifically tailor the oral hygiene procedures and the mouthwashes to be used.La placa dental es aún considerada el factor etiológico primario de la enfermedad periodontal. La etiopatogenia de esta enfermedad ha avanzado del concepto anterior donde una gingivitis progresaba lentamente a una periodontitis, a un escenario más complejo donde varios factores de riesgo se correlacionan. Dentro estos factores, el envejecimiento ha sido asociado con mayores porcentajes de enfermedad periodontal a medida que la población envejece. Aunque la pérdida ósea y de inserción es común en el adulto mayor y los cambios del periodonto son evidentes con la edad, la enfermedad periodontal severa no es una consecuencia natural del envejecimiento. La importancia de identificar en una etapa temprana del individuo y de la enfermedad los factores de riesgo que participan en la patogenesis de la enfermedad periodontal, así como la

Langerhans cells from human oral epithelium are more effective at stimulating allogeneic T cells in vitro than Langerhans cells from skin.

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Hasséus, B; Jontell, M; Bergenholtz, G; Dahlgren, U I

2004-06-01

This report is focused on the functional capacity of Langerhans cells (LC) in the epithelium of skin and oral mucosa, which both meet different antigenic challenges. The capacity of LC from human oral and skin epithelium to provide co-stimulatory signals to T cells in vitro was compared. LC in a crude suspension of oral epithelial cells had a significantly enhanced T cell co-stimulatory capacity compared to skin epithelial cells. This applied both to cultures with concanavalin A (con-A)-stimulated syngeneic T cells and to a mixed epithelial cell lymphocyte reaction involving allogeneic T cells. The co-stimulatory capacity of oral and skin epithelial cells was reduced by >70% if monoclonal antibodies against HLA-DR, -DP and -DQ were added to the cultures with allogeneic T cells, indicating the involvement of HLA class II expressing LC. Immunohistochemistry revealed that 6% of the epithelial cells were CD1a + LC in sections from both oral and skin epithelium. Interleukin (IL)-8 production was higher in cultures of oral epithelial cells and con-A stimulated T cells than in corresponding cultures with skin epithelial cells as accessory cells. The results suggest that LC in human oral epithelium are more efficient at stimulating T cells than those of skin.

La ciclooxigenasa-2 (COX-2) y el factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EFG) en lesiones epiteliales orales premalignas Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in oral premalignant epithelial lesions

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S. Díaz Prado; A. Gallego Guadalupe; J.L. López-Cedrún; J. Ferreras Granado; L. Antón Aparicio

2009-01-01

Las lesiones premalignas orales incluyen eritroplasias (manchas rojas) y leucoplasias (manchas blancas), las cuales se desarrollan a lo largo de superficies epiteliales. Estas lesiones son considerados marcadores en la "carcinogénesis de campo" ya que pacientes con lesiones premalignas orales pueden desarrollar carcinoma de células escamosas (CCS) en el sitio de las lesiones, así como en otros lugares de tracto aerodigestivo superior. Se está haciendo un gran esfuerzo para identificar nuevos ...

Effects of oral rehydration and external cooling on physiology, perception, and performance in hot, dry climates.

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Muñoz, C X; Carney, K R; Schick, M K; Coburn, J W; Becker, A J; Judelson, D A

2012-12-01

Only limited research evaluates possible benefits of combined drinking and external cooling (by pouring cold water over the body) during exercise. Therefore, this study examined cold water drinking and external cooling on physiological, perceptual, and performance variables in hot, dry environments. Ten male runners completed four trials of walking 90 min at 30% VO(2max) followed by running a 5-km time trial in 33 ± 1 °C and 30 ± 4% relative humidity. Trials examined no intervention (CON), oral rehydration (OR), external cooling (EC), and oral rehydration plus external cooling (OR + EC). Investigators measured rectal temperature, skin temperatures, heart rate, thirst, thermal sensation, and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE). Oral rehydration (OR and OR + EC) significantly lowered heart rate (P External cooling (EC and OR + EC) significantly reduced chest and thigh temperature (P external cooling (CON and OR) during low-intensity exercise. Performance exhibited no differences (CON = 23.86 ± 4.57 min, OR = 22.74 ± 3.20 min, EC = 22.96 ± 3.11 min, OR + EC = 22.64 ± 3.73 min, P = 0.379). Independent of OR, pouring cold water on the body benefited skin temperature, thermal sensation, and RPE during low-intensity exercise in hot, dry conditions but failed to influence high-intensity performance. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Farmacos orales para el control quimico de las biopeliculas dentales (placa bacteriana

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Rodrigo Abello Moreno

2013-12-01

Full Text Available La placa dentobacteriana o biopelicula es la responsable de patologias clinicas como la caries dental, gingivitis y enfermedad periodontal, por lo tanto productos con agentes germicidas actuan en la prevencion de la biopelicula dental cuando las medidas de higiene oral no son las mas apropiadas.

Toxicología subcrónica oral del D-003 en ratones NMRI

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Gámez, Rafael; Noa, Miriam; Más, Rosa; Rodríguez, María; Rodeiro, Idania; Menéndez, Roberto; Hernández, Caridad; García, Haydée

2007-01-01

El D-003 es una mezcla de ácidos alifáticos primarios de muy alto peso molecular purificada de la cera de caña, con efectos hipolipemiante y antiagregante plaquetario demostrados experimental y clí- nicamente. Los estudios toxicológicos han investigado la toxicidad del D-003, administrado como dosis orales únicas y repetidas en ratas y perros. Este estudio investigó la toxicidad oral del D-003 administrado como dosis repetidas a ratones NMRI. Los animales se distribuyeron aleatoriamente en 4 ...

Competencias docentes relacionadas con la estimulación de los niveles del lenguaje verbal-oral en los estudiantes del nivel de transición de preescolar en contextos socioeconómicos de pobreza y deprivación sociocultural que asisten al Jardín de Niños Roberto Cantillano Vindas, Ipís de Goicoechea 2014

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Benavides Vega, Gabriela

2015-01-01

La presente investigación se titula “Competencias docentes relacionadas con la estimulación de los niveles del lenguaje verbal-oral en los estudiantes del nivel de transición de preescolar en contextos socioeconómicos de pobreza y deprivación sociocultural que asisten al Jardín de Niños Roberto Cantillano Vindas, Ipís de Goicoechea 2014”. Se llevó a cabo en el Jardín de Niños Roberto Cantillano Vindas, ubicado en Ipís de Guadalupe; se trabajó con los docentes y con los estudiantes de cuatro s...

Colgajo lateral de brazo en reconstrucción de la cavidad oral Lateral arm flap in oral cavity reconstruction

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A. Dean Ferrer

2008-08-01

Full Text Available Introducción. La posibilidad de emplear una piel fácilmente plegable ha permitido reconstruir defectos de la cavidad oral consiguiendo una gran funcionalidad. Aunque el colgajo radial es el colgajo que se utiliza con más frecuencia para reconstruir defectos de superficie de la cavidad oral, el colgajo lateral de brazo puede ser de elección en algunas situaciones. Objetivos. El objetivo del presente trabajo es mostrar las ventajas e inconvenientes y nuestras indicaciones y resultados del colgajo lateral de brazo en reconstrucción de defectos de la cavidad oral. Material y método. Se trata de un estudio prospectivo sobre la utilización del colgajo lateral de brazo en la reconstrucción de defectos de la cavidad oral tras cirugía ablativa. Se ha valorado: la viabilidad del colgajo, la morbilidad del lecho donante, la longitud del pedículo, la selección de vasos receptores, las complicaciones y los resultados funcionales de la zona reconstruida. Resultados. Hemos utilizado el colgajo lateral de brazo en 10 pacientes en reconstrucciones primarias tras cirugía ablativa por carcinoma epidermoide de la cavidad oral. Hubo un caso de necrosis por trombosis venosa. El defecto donante se cerró en 8 casos de modo directo y en 2 con un injerto libre de espesor parcial. La longitud media del pedículo ha sido de 8,75 cm. En 9 casos el resultado funcional de los pacientes ha sido satisfactorio. Conclusiones. El colgajo fasciocutáneo lateral de brazo permite la reconstrucción de la cavidad oral consiguiendo buenos resultados funcionales. Además la morbilidad de la zona donante es mínima y puede realizarse cierre directo del defecto cutáneo del brazo en la mayoría de los casos.Introduction. The availability of easily pliable skin has allowed the functional reconstruction of oral cavity defects. Although the radial forearm free flap is the most frequently used flap for the reconstruction of surface defects of the oral cavity, the lateral arm free

Identificazione delle specie batteriche della placca subgengivale quale fattore di rischio per patologie parodontali in donne con variazioni ormonali fisiologiche e parafisiologiche

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Privitera, Salvatore

2014-01-01

I principali obiettivi di questo studio sono stati quelli di valutare le implicazioni della menopausa sulla salute orale, nelle pazienti in trattamento con TOS (terapia ormonale sostitutiva) o meno, con particolare riferimento a modificazioni quali-quantitative dei principali batteri patogeni parodontali, che possono portare ad alterazioni dell equilibrio omeostatico del microbiota a favore di alcune specie più frequentemente coinvolte nell eziopatogenesi delle parodontopatie. A tal fine,...

Adecuación del tratamiento antitrombótico en los pacientes con fibrilación auricular no valvular. Registro AFINVA

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Daniela Dubois Marques

2018-06-01

Full Text Available Resumen: Objetivo: Conocer la adecuación del tratamiento antitrombótico (TAT a las guías de práctica clínica en pacientes con fibrilación auricular no valvular. Diseño: Estudio observacional prospectivo. Emplazamiento: Centros de Salud de atención primaria y Servicio de Cardiología de un Departamento de Salud de la Comunidad Valenciana, España. Participantes: Un total de 505 pacientes con diagnóstico de fibrilación auricular no valvular en la historia clínica electrónica de atención primaria. Mediciones principales: Pacientes con TAT inadecuado, definido como aquellos con puntuación CHA2DS2-VASc ≥ 1 que no reciban anticoagulación oral, los tratados con fármacos antivitamina K y deficiente control de la anticoagulación, la antiagregación asociada inapropiadamente con anticoagulantes, y pacientes con CHA2DS2-VASc = 0 y TAT. Resultados: La edad media fue 77,4 ± 10 años. El TAT se estimó inadecuado en el 58% de los casos. Los factores relacionados de forma independiente con TAT inadecuado en la muestra global fueron la edad (OR: 1,02 [1-1,04]; p = 0,029, el hipotiroidismo (OR: 1,98 [1,14-3,43]; p = 0,015], el antecedente de cardiopatía isquémica (OR: 1,73 [1,15-2,59]; p = 0,008 y la fibrilación auricular paroxística (OR: 2,11 [1,41-3,17]; p < 0,0001. Conclusiones: Los datos muestran la elevada prevalencia de tratamiento antitrombótico inadecuado en la práctica diaria, así como sus diversas causas. Abstract: Objective: To determine whether antithrombotic treatment (ATT in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation in a health area complies with the recommendations of current clinical guidelines. Design: Prospective observational study. Location: Primary Health Care Centres and Cardiology Department of a Health Department of the Valencian Community, Spain. Participants: A total of 505 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation were included in the study. Main measurements: ATT was deemed to be

Uso de videos para la comprensión oral del idioma francés

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Michelle Serrano León

2012-10-01

Full Text Available El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación en la enseñanza del francés. El propósito fue verificar si el uso de videos educativos como herramienta para la instrucción del francés promueve la adquisición de la habilidad de comprensión oral y apoya para que los alumnos adquieran actitudes de seguridad y confianza con este idioma. La investigación se desarrolló en un curso de francés de la Universidad Tecnológica de Tecámac en México, de enero a marzo de 2011; los alumnos tuvieron acceso a videos durante cuatro semanas y los pudieron revisar a través de Moodle, plataforma utilizada como depositario de contenidos y recursos del curso. El nivel estudiado del idioma fue A1, con base en el "Marco de referencia europeo para las lenguas". La investigación manejó un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo experimental, con una muestra aleatoria simple, con base en el método de diseño con pre-test y post-test y grupo de control. Los resultados muestran que el uso de videos educativos en las clases de francés sí son una herramienta educativa e instruccional que ayudan a que los alumnos obtengan la práctica necesaria en la habilidad de comprensión oral y, de esa forma, adquieran actitudes de seguridad y confianza en ellos mismos para su manejo comunicativo interpersonal.

La comprensión verbal y la lectura en niños con y sin retraso lector

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Luisa Fernanda Bohórquez Montoya

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Describir diferencias entre el desempeño en tareas de lectura y de comprensión verbal en niños con y sin retraso lector, así como la relación entre ambos tipos de desempeños. Método. Se utilizaron tareas de lectura de la Evaluación neuropsicológica infantil (ENI y el Índice de Comprensión Verbal (ICV de la escala de inteligencia Wechsler (WISC-IV para niños. Los participantes fueron 40 niños de ambos sexos, entre 7 y 9 años de edad, quienes cursaban entre 2° y 4° grado de primaria en un colegio de estrato socioeconómico bajo de la ciudad de Cali, con un coeficiente intelectual (CI promedio de 86. Los participantes fueron divididos en dos grupos, 20 niños que presentaban retraso lector y 20 niños con un desarrollo lector típico, según los puntajes obtenidos en las tareas de lectura de la ENI. Resultados. Se encontraron diferencias en el rendimiento de ambos grupos de niños evaluados, así como una correlación significativa entre el ICV y el subdominio de comprensión de la ENI. Conclusión. Estos resultados son acordes con la hipótesis de que el desarrollo del lenguaje oral es uno de los principales facilitadores en la adquisición del aprendizaje de la lectura, puesto que en la medida en que el niño comprende la semántica oral, estará con mejor preparación para dotar de significado lo leído.

Achieving community-based postpartum follow up in eastern Uganda: the field experience from the MamaMiso Study on antenatal distribution of misoprostol.

Science.gov (United States)

Ditai, James; Frye, Laura J; Durocher, Jill; Byrne, Meagan E; Ononge, Sam; Winikoff, Beverly; Weeks, Andrew D

2017-10-26

Advance provision of misoprostol to women during antenatal care aims to achieve broader access to uterotonics for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. Studies of this community-based approach usually involve antenatal education as well as timely postpartum follow-up visits to confirm maternal and neonatal outcomes. The MamaMiso study in Mbale, Uganda sought to assess the feasibility of conducting follow-up visits in the postpartum period following advance provision of misoprostol for postpartum hemorrhage prevention. MamaMiso recruited women during antenatal care visits. Participants were asked to contact the research team within 48 h of giving birth so that postpartum follow-up visits could be carried out at their homes. Women's baseline and delivery characteristics were collected and analyzed with respect to follow-up time ('on time' ≤ 7 days, 'late' > 7 days, and 'lost to follow up'). Every woman who was followed up late due to a failure to report the delivery was asked for the underlying reasons for the delay. When attempts at following up participants were unsuccessful, a file note was generated explaining the details of the failure. We abstracted data and identified themes from these notes. Of 748 recruited women, 700 (94%) were successfully followed up during the study period, 465 (62%) within the first week postpartum. The median time to follow up was 4 days and was similar for women who delivered at home or in facilities and for women who had attended or unattended births. Women recruited at the urban hospital site (as opposed to rural health clinics) were more likely to be lost to follow up or followed up late. Of the women followed up late, 202 provided a reason. File notes explaining failed attempts at follow up were generated for 164 participants. Several themes emerged from qualitative analysis of these notes including phone difficulties, inaccurate baseline information, misperceptions, postpartum travel, and the condition of the mother

Administración de medicamentos por vía oral: Interacciones medicamento - alimento Oral drug administration: drug-food interactions

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Nélida Barrueco

2008-03-01

Full Text Available Introducción: la vía oral de administración de medicamentos es la vía más cómoda, segura y económica. Sin embargo, pueden existir interacciones con otros fármacos o con alimentos que alteren la eficacia y seguridad de los mismos. Objetivo: desarrollar un programa de información dirigido a enfermeros y enfermeras sobre la administración de medicamentos por vía oral. Método: se seleccionan los medicamentos más utilizados en el área de cardiología pediátrica, revisándose para cada principio activo la administración en relación con alimentos o productos medicinales y otros aspectos relacionados con la administración por vía oral. Resultados: se elabora una tabla informativa sobre un total de 28 principios activos. Discusión: Los farmacéuticos de hospital se han integrado recientemente en los equipos multidisciplinares y desde esta posición tienen la oportunidad de desarrollar diferentes programas de atención farmacéutica, educación sanitaria e información encaminadas a prevenir problemas relacionados con los medicamentos, aumentar su uso seguro y disminuir los riesgos asociados a cualquier tratamiento farmacológico. Las prescripciones médicas generalmente no indican el horario y la forma de administración de los medicamentos, dejando a enfermeros y enfermeras la responsabilidad de su organización. Por esto deben estar informados de cómo y cuándo se deben administrar los medicamentos, lo que permite garantizar su uso seguro y disminuir los riesgos asociados al tratamiento.Background: The easiest, safest and cheapest way to administrate drugs is by mouth (PO. Nevertheless, there may be interactions, either with other drugs or with food, which can modify efficacy and security of the drug itself. Objective: the development of a nursing information program about the administration of drugs PO. Method: we selected the most used drugs corresponding to the pediatric cardiology area, looking for the best administration

Ejercicios que potencian la competencia comunicativa oral de los estudiantes de inglés

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Luis Antonio Salas-Reynaldo; Bertha María González-Feria; Laritza Calzadilla-Sierra

2011-01-01

Se presenta un conjunto de ejercicios novedosos que inciden en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la comunicación oral del inglés. Estos rompen con los criterios establecidos hasta el momento al introducir elementos del enfoque personológico, basados en las necesidades e intereses de los estudiantes sobre temas del contexto social actual, lo que incrementa el nivel de competencia comunicativa oral al ofrecer situaciones polémicas que propician el intercambio de criterios para solucionar l...

Desensitization with ciprofloxacin in a patient with partially treated urinary tract infection Desensibilización con ciprofloxacina en una paciente con infección urinaria parcialmente tratada

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Zulma Reina Cutta

2010-02-01

norfloxacina, la ciprofloxacina y la ofloxacina contra estreptococos y algunos anaerobios es limitada; tienen, además, buena biodisponibilidad oral y adecuada penetración en los tejidos. Se presentan reacciones características de hipersensibilidad aproximadamente en 1 por cada 50.000. tratamientos. Se describe un caso de desensibilización oral exitosa con ciprofloxacina en una paciente con infección urinaria crónica parcialmente tratada. Esta es la primera desensibilización con quinolonas reportada en Colombia.

Prótesis totales y lesiones bucales en adultos mayores institucionalizados Total Prosthetics and Oral Lesions in Institutionalized Elderly

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Beatriz García Alpízar

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: las prótesis dentales constituyen una alternativa al perderse los dientes, pero no están exentas de provocar daños, que junto a la susceptibilidad de los tejidos, provocada por el envejecimiento e inadecuados estilos de vida, pueden llevar a la aparición de lesiones bucales. Objetivo: describir las características de pacientes portadores de prótesis totales y su relación con las lesiones bucales. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, con 93 ancianos institucionalizados portadores de prótesis total. Se utilizaron las pruebas de chi cuadrado y el riesgo relativo para determinar la asociación entre las variables: edad, sexo, higiene, estado de conservación, tiempo y frecuencia de uso de la prótesis, necesidades de prótesis, tipo de lesión, localización, hábito de fumar, enfermedades sistémicas y medicamentos empleados. Resultados: el 78,5 % de los ancianos presentó lesiones relacionadas con el uso de la prótesis. La estomatitis subprótesis fue la lesión más frecuente. La presencia de lesiones bucales fue significativa en aquellos con 80 años y más (100 %. El 95,8 % tenían prótesis deterioradas, y en la totalidad de ellos, las prótesis tenían 21 años y más de uso. El riesgo de desarrollar lesiones fue 2,98 veces superior en aquellos con una higiene bucal deficiente. El 100 % de los ancianos diabéticos y anémicos presentaron lesiones. Conclusiones: las lesiones bucales estuvieron muy relacionadas con los factores locales: estado de conservación, higiene, tiempo de uso de las prótesis; y con factores generales como: incremento de la edad, enfermedades sistémicas y uso de medicamentos para su tratamiento.Background: Prosthetics or dentures are an alternative to missing teeth. Nevertheless, they carry the risk of producing certain damage that, along with the susceptibility of the tissues caused by aging and inadequate lifestyles, can lead to the development of oral lesions. Objective: To describe the

EL CONSEJO DE HOMBRES BUENOS, PATRIMONIO ORAL E INMATERIAL DE LA REGIÓN DE MURCIA

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Elena Montaner Salas

2008-01-01

Full Text Available El Consejo de Hombres Buenos de la Huerta de Murcia y el Tribunal de las Aguas de Valencia son tribunales consuetudinarios, reconocidos por una Ley Orgánica, que ejercen funciones jurídicas entre los regantes, con un procedimiento breve pero con garantía. Dada su antigüedad se ha presentado ante la UNESCO toda la documentación necesaria para que sean proclamados Obra Maestra del Patrimonio Oral e Inmaterial.

Lesiones bucales relacionadas con las enfermedades digestivas

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José A. Pacho Saavedra

2006-09-01

Full Text Available Muchas de las lesiones de la mucosa en la cavidad bucal están relacionadas con trastornos anatómicos y funcionales de los órganos del aparato digestivo; algunas forman parte del cuadro clínico de la entidad y otras aparecen como complicaciones de estas. Generalmente son de orígenes inmunológicos, nutricionales o carenciales. Estas lesiones son difíciles de tratar, por lo que es importante conocer las características clínicas que faciliten una adecuada interpretación y al mismo tiempo ofrecer una conducta terapéutica correcta. Se presenta una revisión actualizada de las características semiológicas de las lesiones bucales que forman parte del cuadro clínico de diversas enfermedades digestivas, con el fin de que los médicos generales, clínicos, estomatólogos y gastroenterólogos puedan diagnosticarlas y brindar mejor orientación y tratamiento a los pacientes.Many of the lesions of the mucosa in the oral cavity are related to anatomical and functional disorders of the organs of the digestive system. Some of them are part of the clinical picture of the entity and others appear as complications of them. Generally, they have an immunological, nutritional, or deficiency origin. These lesions are difficult to be treated and that's why it is important to know the clinical characteristics making easy an adequate interpretation, and to follow a suitable therapeutic conduct at the same time. An updated review of the semiological features of the oral lesions corresponding to the clinical picture of diverse digestive diseases is presented, so that the general physicians, clinicians, stomatologists and gastroenterologists be able to diagnose and give a better guidance and treatment to the patients.

Caratterizzazione della flora microbica orale in diverse categorie di pazienti sindromici in età evolutiva.

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Vocale, Caterina

2012-01-01

La salute orale dei soggetti affetti da patologie sistemiche responsabili di disabilità fisiche e/o psichiche, in particolare in età evolutiva, è un obiettivo da perseguire di primaria importanza al fine di migliorare la qualità della vita del bambino e garantirgli un buon inserimento nel contesto sociale. Ricerche sperimentali e cliniche hanno individuato i momenti eziopatogenetici delle diverse problematiche che si riscontrano a carico del cavo orale, con una frequenza superiore nei paz...

preescolares desnutridos con madres con obesidad y sin obesidad

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Viridiana Vanessa Conzuelo-González

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El primer objetivo fue conocer cuántos menores de cinco años con diferentes grados de desnutrición tienen una madre con sobrepeso/obesidad/ en una comunidad indígena que vive en extrema pobreza y bajo condiciones de migración masculina internacional. El segundo fue comparar tres variables socionutricionales (ingreso familiar, educación de la madre y adecuación nutrimental de la dieta diaria entre estos hogares y los hogares con desnutrición infantil y madres sin obesidad. Se realizó un estudio transversal (2006-2007, en la comunidad mazahua de San Francisco Tepeolulco, Municipio de Temascalcingo; que incluyó a 85 hogares integrados por preescolares con desnutrición inscritos al programa Oportunidades. Se determinó el estado nutrición de los preescolares con indicadores antropométricos y se obtuvo el IMC de las madres de estos infantes. Se aplicó una encuesta socionutricional, incluida el recordatorio de 24 horas, y complementado con la observación participante (cualitativa. Se encontró que 83% de las madres mazahuas presentaron sobrepeso u obesidad. El estado de nutrición de los preescolares con madres con obesidad presentó un porcentaje mayor de desnutrición (76%. En la variable género, se encontró que 54% de los niños con madres con obesidad tenía baja talla. Al relacionar el nivel educativo de la madre, esta variable resultó ser estadísticamente significativa (p=0.015, donde el analfabetismo está más relacionado con la desnutrición infantil que tienen madres de bajo y/o peso normal. La elevada prevalencia de hogares conformados con preescolares con desnutrición y madres con obesidad, es un síntoma más de la pobreza en zonas indígenas en México, con bajo índice de desarrollo humano.

COMPUESTOS DE HIERRO PARA SUPLEMENTACIÓN ORAL: PRINCIPIOS Y AVANCES -REVISIÓN SISTEMATICA

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PEREZ M, Lina J.; TOBÓN, Gloria

2006-01-01

Se presenta una revisión que abarca los principales aspectos sobre la absorción oral del hierro (fuentes y captación) y sus funciones en el organismo, centrándose en la tendencia actual de utilizar complejos o quelatos de este metal con ligandos orgánicos para el tratamiento oral por deficiencia del mismo (monosacáridos, aminoácidos y ácidos carboxílicos de bajo peso molecular), ya que estos compuestos aumentan la biodisponibilidad del hierro y disminuyen los efectos adversos que presentan su...

EL INGLÉS CON FINES PROFESIONALES EN EL CONTEXTO DE INGENIERÍA ELÉCTRICA: UN PROCESO CENTRADO EN LA COMUNICACIÓN

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Adelfa Verdecia Cruz

2017-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo recoge aspectos significativos del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la comunicación en Inglés con Fines Profesionales en el contexto de la ingeniería eléctrica, desde la perspectiva de ciencias que intervienen en su profundización y transformación, principalmente la Didáctica, la Psicología y la Lingüística aplicada o Metodología de lenguas. Se propone fundamentar la investigación a favor de un proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del Inglés con Fines Profesionales, centrado en la comunicación oral y escrita.PALABRAS CLAVE: comunicación oral y escrita; enfoque comunicativo; tareas comunicativas.ENGLISH FOR PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING CONTEXT: A PROCESS CENTERED IN COMMUNICATION ABSTRACTThe current article gathers significant aspects of teaching-learning process of communication in English for professional purposes in the particular context of electrical engineering, from the perspective of sciences involved in its deepening and transformation, namely: Didactics, Psychology and Applied Linguistics or Methodology of Languages. The research is supported in favor of a teaching-learning process of English for Professional purposes, centered in oral and written communication.KEYWORDS: Oral and written communication; communicative approach; communicative tasks.

Conocimientos sobre salud bucal y demanda de servicios estomatológicos en relación con la enfermedad periodontal en embarazadas Knowledge on oral health and demand of dental services in relation to the periodontal disease in pregnant women

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Caridad Almarales Sierra

2008-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: evaluar el nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucal y su relación con la prevalencia y gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal, así como la demanda de servicios estomatológicos por parte de las embarazadas, determinar la prevalencia y gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal en las embarazadas, evaluar la relación entre el nivel de conocimientos y la prevalencia de la enfermedad periodontal, asimismo la relación entre la demanda de servicios estomatológicos y la prevalencia y gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal. MÉTODOS: se aplicó una encuesta a 71 gestantes de los policlínicos Moncada, Plaza y Rampa que fueron captadas en el período de septiembre a diciembre del 2006. Para determinar la afectación periodontal de las mismas se aplicó el índice periodontal de Russell ®. RESULTADOS: mostraron un predominio de las embarazadas con nivel de conocimiento insatisfactorio (59,1%. La prevalencia de la enfermedad periodontal en el grupo estudiado fue alta (87,3 %, no así la gravedad. Se encontró relación estadísticamente significativa entre el nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucal y la prevalencia de la enfermedad (p=0,01586, no siendo así con la gravedad. CONCLUSIONES: La demanda de atención estomatológica por parte de las embarazadas fue baja (sólo solicitaron atención el 36,6 % y no estuvo relacionada con la prevalencia y gravedad de la enfermedad periodontal, ni con el nivel de conocimientos sobre salud bucalOBJECTIVES: to assess the level of knowledge on oral health and its connection with the prevalence and severity of the periodontal disease, as well as the demand of dental services on the part of the pregnant women, to determine the prevalence and severity of the periodontal disease in pregnant women, to evaluate the relationship between the level of knowledge and the prevalence of the periodontal disease, and between the demand of dental services and the prevalence and severity of the periodontal disease. METHODS

Uso crônico de anticoagulante oral: implicações para o controle de níveis adequados Uso crónico de anticoagulante oral implicaciones para el control de niveles adecuados Constant use of oral anticoagulants: implications in the control of their adequate levels

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Francieli Giachini Esmerio

2009-11-01

ólicas. El uso de esta terapéutica requiere especial atención y precisa un seguimiento clínico y analítico riguroso. OBJETIVO: Identificar factores asociados al control adecuado de los niveles de anticoagulación oral, verificando el conocimiento y la percepción de los pacientes relacionados a la terapéutica empleada. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal que incluyó a 140 pacientes seguidos en el ambulatorio de anticoagulación oral, desde noviembre de 2005 a junio de 2006. Se elaboró y se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado para la obtención de características clínicas, conocimiento sobre la terapéutica, adhesión al tratamiento (test de Morisky y percepción del paciente. RESULTADOS: Las principales indicaciones para uso de anticoagulación oral fueron fibrilación atrial (61,4% y prótesis metálica (55%. El tiempo de uso varió entre 24 y 72 meses, y el fenprocumona (58% fue el más empleado. Con relación a la percepción de la terapéutica, el 95% de los pacientes mencionaron preocupación con el uso diario de esta medicación. La realización periódica de análisis de sangre (21,4% y el tomar anticoagulación oral rigurosamente (12,8% fueron comprendidos como limitantes. Se observó conocimiento adecuado entre los pacientes con international normalized ratio (INR fuera del intervalo (64% y en la adhesión entre los pacientes con INR dentro del intervalo terapéutico (54%, aunque sin significancia estadística. CONCLUSIÓN: Los resultados de este estudio mostraron una prevalencia de pacientes en uso de anticoagulación oral con el INR dentro de los valores ideales, aunque haya sido grande el porcentaje de pacientes no adheridos a la terapéutica. El conocimiento insatisfactorio con relación a la terapéutica empleada y al autocuidado se vuelve evidente en esa población.BACKGROUND: Inappropriate and subtherapeutic anticoagulants dosages may result in severe thromboembolic and bleeding complications. The use of this treatment requires special attention and

Experiences of family members regarding the oral health care of children Experiencias del familiar en relación al cuidado con la salud bucal de niños Experiências do familiar em relação ao cuidado com a saúde bucal de crianças

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Célia Mara Garcia de Lima

2011-02-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to comprehend the experiences of family members regarding the oral health care of children. This was a qualitative study, conducted in 2007, in the health district of Ribeirão Preto, with 12 caregivers. The theoretical framework of vulnerability and the hermeneutical perspective were used. Three empirical categories were established: the meanings of oral health care, in search of the causes and prevention of oral diseases, and the reality of oral health services. Among other potentiating factors of infantile vulnerability to oral diseases, the overvaluation of biological causality, of high complexity care and of esthetic dentistry emerged, and among the protective factors, the valorization of popular knowledge and the integration of professional actions and knowledge were observed. This study indicates the necessity for a review of prevention and oral health promotion strategies and provides elements to assist health services to reorganize oral health care for children.Este estudio objetivó verificar la comprensión de las experiencias de los familiares en relación al cuidado con la salud bucal de los niños. Es un estudio cualitativo, realizado en 2007, en un distrito de salud del municipio de Ribeirao Preto-SP, con 12 cuidadores. Se utilizó el referencial teórico de la vulnerabilidad y la perspectiva hermenéutica. Tres categorías empíricas fueron elaboradas: los significados del cuidado con la salud bucal, en busca de las causas y de la prevención de daños bucales, y la realidad de los servicios de salud bucal. Entre otros elementos potencializadores de la vulnerabilidad infantil a los daños bucales, emergieron la supervalorización de la causalidad biológica, la atención de alta complejidad y la odontología estética; y, entre los protectores, la valorización de la sabiduría popular y la integración de acciones y conocimientos profesionales. Se señala que debe ser efectuada la revisión de las

Odontoma compuesto. Una patología oral a considerar

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Jonathan Harris Ricardo

2013-10-01

Full Text Available Resumen El odontoma es el tumor odontogénico mixto con mayor frecuencia de aparición, las células y los tejidos son normales pero de estructura defectuosa, la etiología se le relaciona con restos paradentales de malassez y traumatismos, son de crecimiento limitado, asintomáticos, producen retención dentaria; se clasifica en compuesto y complejo, radiográficamente se presenta halo radiolúcido con múltiples imágenes radiopacas en su interior, con un patrón ordenado para el odontoma compuesto y en el odontoma complejo se presenta imagen radiopaca como conglomeraciones amorfas, con un patrón desordenado. El tratamiento es quirúrgico y su recurrencia es baja. Se reporta caso de paciente femenina de 30 años de edad, que acudió a la consulta del servicio de estomatología y cirugía oral de la Universidad de Cartagena Colombia, porque presentó, lesión tumoral que comprometía la zona de órganos dentarios 33 y 34, se realizó examen radiográfico, con diagnóstico presuntivo de odontoma compuesto, se programó la cirugía y se realizó enucleación de la lesión tumoral la cual se envió a patología; en el reporte histopatológico se diagnosticó odontoma compuesto. (DUAZARY 2010, 91 - 94Abstract The odontoma is the mixed odontogenic tumor observed with greater frequency. Cells and tissues are normal in structure but is defective in pattern. Etiology is associated with remainders of malassez paradentales tissues and trauma and injuries. They are growing limited, asymptomatic, produce tooth retention. They were classified as compound and complex radiographic radiolucent halo is presented with multiple radiopaque images inside it, with a pattern for the ordered compound odontoma and complex odontoma presents the image as radiopaque amorphous clusters with a disordered pattern. The treatment is surgical and recurrence is low. We report the case of female patient aged 30, who attended the service of dentistry and oral surgery at the

Determinantes sociales y del estilo de vida en salud oral en el acceso a odontología de gestantes caleñas en el 2012 / Social and oral health lifestyle determinants associated with the access to dental services among pregnant women from Cali (Colombia, 2012

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Jairo Corchuelo O

2013-08-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: explorar la asociación de determinantes sociales y del estilo de vida con el acceso a odontología de madres de Cali, Valle, durante la gestación. Metodología: se realizó un estudio transversal con 993 madres que se encontraban en puerperio inmediato en clínicas públicas y privadas de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia. Se empleó regresión logística para evaluar la asociación de variables socioeconómicas con la visita a la consulta odontológica durante el embarazo ajustado con variables del estilo de vida en salud oral. Resultados: la asistencia a odontología durante el embarazo fue del 83%, con una distribución desigual. Quienes asistieron en mayor proporción estaban afiliadas al régimen contributivo (88,7%, OR = 2,4 IC95% = 1,7-3,4, tenían secundaria completa o superior (88%, OR = 2,6 IC95% 1,8-3,6, mayor calificación de conocimientos en salud oral (61,9%, OR =2,2 IC95% = 1,6- 3,1, menor riesgo consumo de dieta cariogénica (73,6, OR = 2,6 IC95% = 1,9-3,7, mejores prácticas higiénicas (83,4, OR = 2,4 IC95% = 1,6-3,5. Discusión: determinantes sociales como nivel socioeconómico y del estilo de vida resultaron asociados al acceso de las gestantes al servicio de odontología durante el embarazo. El estilo de vida en salud oral relacionado con conocimientos, hábitos dietéticos, creencias y prácticas de higiene oral presentó diferencias según nivel socioeconómico de la gestante Objective: to explore how social and lifestyle determinants are associated with the access to dental services among pregnant women from Cali, Valle. Methodology: a cross-sectional study was conducted with 993 mothers who were in the immediate puerperium in public and private clinics in the city of Cali, Colombia. Likewise, a logistic regression was used to assess the association between the socioeconomic variables and the act of visiting the dentist during pregnancy adjusted for variables regarding the mothers’ lifestyles in terms of oral

The Usage of Oral Anti Hyperglycemic Agent in Gestational Diabetes: Pros and Cons

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Bram Pradipta

2014-06-01

Full Text Available The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM  is increasing as the pregnant population becomes older and more obese. Fifteen percent of GDM patients require medical intervention. Insulin is still the drug of choice because it has not been implicated as a teratogen in human pregnancies.Insulin has its disadvantages such as the need for injections, the risk of hypoglycaemia, excessive weight gain and the costs. The use of oral anti hyperglicemic agent (OAHA, traditionally contraindicated, now can be considered as an alternative for insulin which can be beneficial in developing countries. From four groups of OAHA, sulfonylurea and biguanides can be used during pregnancy. Studies and randomized controlled trial (RCT have been done and most summarized that it does not increase any maternal and perinatal morbidity. Most data also show that thereare also no differences in glycemic control or pregnancy outcomes compared with insulin. There are conflicting data shows metformin increase prevalence of preeclampsia patient and perinatal morbidity. OAHA usage, although not yet recommended internationally, can be considered in GDMpatients with uncontrolled blood sugar levels that require medical intervention but can not use insulin. Wellconducted, prospective, controlled studies regarding itsfeasibility in pregnant women with diabetes are still needed.Keywords:oral antihyperglycemic agent, gestational, diabetes

Human papillomavirus in oral lesions Virus papiloma humano en lesiones orales

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Joaquín V. Gónzalez

2007-08-01

detección y tipificación de HPV se realizó por PCR empleando los primers MY09,11, seguida de RFLP, o PCR usando los primers GP5+, 6+ seguida de hibridación en dot blot. HPV fue detectado en 91% de las lesiones benignas asociadas a HPV, 14.3% de las lesiones benignas no asociadas, 51.5% de preneoplasias y 60% de cánceres. Ninguna muestra control resultó HPV positiva. En las lesiones benignas, 30% de las muestras HPV positivas correspondieron a tipos de alto riesgo, mientras que en las lesiones preneoplásicas la positividad ascendió a 59.9%. En cánceres, la detección de HPV en carcinomas verrugosos fue 88.9% y en carcinomas escamosos 43.8%, con 75.5% y 85.6% de tipos virales de alto riesgo, respectivamente. La alta frecuencia de HPV detectada en lesiones preneoplásicas y cánceres apoya un rol etiológico del HPV en, al menos, un subgrupo de cánceres orales.

Hemorragias intracraneales asociadas a fármacos en pacientes con fibrilación auricular no reumática

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García Luque, Amelia

2008-01-01

Numerosos ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECA) han demostrado el beneficio del uso de antirobóticos, fundamentalmente anticoagulantes orales (ACO), para la profilaxis de accidentes cerebrovascualres (ACV) isquémicos entre los pacientes con fibrilación auricular no reumática (FANR), siendo recomendado su uso por la mayoría de guías de práctica clínica (GPC), lo cual ha provocado un aumento del consumo de este grupo farmacológico. La prevalencia de fibrilación auricular (FA) aumenta con la eda...

Anomalías dentó maxilares y factores asociados en niños con parálisis cerebral

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BARRIONUEVO N, LIVIA; SOLÍS F, FRESIA

2008-01-01

Introducción: Los pacientes con parálisis cerebral atendidos en el Instituto de Rehabilitación Infantil de Santiago, presentan mordidas abiertas y disfunción oral. Objetivos: Determinar anomalías dentó maxilares y relacionarlas con diagnóstico de parálisis cerebral y factores asociados de alimentación, respiración y hábitos parafuncionales. Pacientes y Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal, que incluyó revisión de fichas clínicas 2005-2006, examen extra e intraoral y encuesta a los padres d...

LA EVOLUCIÓN HISTÓRICA DE LAS FUENTES ORALES, EN EL PROCESO DE ENSEÑANZA-APRENDIZAJE DE LA HISTORIA

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Aliesky Caballero González

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se presentan las ideas esenciales relacionadas con las características del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Historia en la Educación Secundaria Básica, y una valoración crítica del estado del tratamiento de las fuentes orales por los docentes, teniendo determinado valor para la didáctica, lo que facilitó caracterizar su estado histórico tendencial y metodológicamente orientar la investigación por un camino científico. Para realizar esta evolución histórica de las fuentes orales en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Historia se hizo la consulta de resultados investigativos que tienen relación con el objeto y campo, la revisión de programas de la asignatura en la Educación Secundaria Básica, de orientaciones metodológicas, planes de clases de los Profesores de historia, así como entrevistas a docentes que impartieron la asignatura en su momento. Palabras clave: enseñanza aprendizaje, Historia, fuentes orales, Historia Oral, educación histórica.

Investigación de vectores y reservorios en brote de Chagas agudo por posible transmisión oral en Aguachica, Cesar, Colombia

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Hugo Soto

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Colombia tiene un registro de 11 casos de Chagas agudo y 80 casos por contaminación oral con Trypanosoma cruzi. Este trabajo analiza los hallazgos entomológicos y parasitológicos del brote de Aguachica, Cesar, en 2010. Un grupo interdisciplinario de profesionales de la salud y de universidades regionales realizó las pruebas de laboratorio a los pacientes y el estudio del foco de transmisión. Se detectaron 11 casos agudos de enfermedad de Chagas en una sola familia con vivienda sin triatominos domiciliados y, Rhodnius pallescens, Pantrongylus geniculatus, Eratyrus cuspidatus y dos Didelphis marsupialis infectados con T. cruzi en palmas de Attalea butyracea y Elaeis oleifera del área urbana de Aguachica. Se analiza la participación del R. pallescens y el rol de las palmas en el ciclo silvestre de T. cruzi y para la transmisión oral de la enfermedad de Chagas. Incursiones esporádicas de R. pallescens, P. geniculatus y E. cuspidatus silvestres desde palmas cercanas al domicilio humano pueden provocar brotes cada vez más frecuentes de Chagas oral.

Preoperative ripening of the cervix before operative hysteroscopy.

Science.gov (United States)

Al-Fozan, Haya; Firwana, Belal; Al Kadri, Hanan; Hassan, Samar; Tulandi, Togas

2015-04-23

Hysteroscopy is an operation in which the gynaecologist examines the uterine cavity using a small telescopic instrument (hysteroscope) inserted via the vagina and the cervix. Almost 50% of hysteroscopic complications are related to difficulty with cervical entry. Potential complications include cervical tears, creation of a false passage, perforation, bleeding, or simply difficulty in entering the internal os (between the cervix and the uterus) with the hysteroscope. These complications may possibly be reduced with adequate preparation of the cervix (cervical ripening) prior to hysteroscopy. Cervical ripening agents include oral or vaginal prostaglandin, which can be synthetic (e.g misoprostol) or natural (e.g. dinoprostone) and vaginal osmotic dilators, which can be naturally occurring (e.g. laminaria) or synthetic. To determine whether preoperative cervical preparation facilitates cervical dilatation and reduces the complications of operative hysteroscopy in women undergoing the procedure for any condition. In August 2014 we searched sources including the Menstrual Disorders and Subfertility Group (MDSG) Trials Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov and reference lists of relevant articles. We searched for published and unpublished studies in any language. Two review authors independently selected randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of cervical ripening agents used before operative hysteroscopy in pre- and postmenopausal women. Cervical ripening agents could be compared to each other, placebo or no treatment. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by two review authors. The primary review outcomes were effectiveness of cervical dilatation (defined as the proportion of women requiring mechanical cervical dilatation) and intraoperative complications. Secondary outcomes were mean time required to dilate the cervix, preoperative pain, cervical width

Prueba de supresión con Dexametasona 1mg en una población de individuos con normopeso, sobrepeso y obesidad: Estudio multicéntrico The Overnight 1mg Dexamethasone Test in Healthy Subjects with Normal Weight, Overweight and Obesity: a Multicentric Study

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Ester Pardes; Susana Belli; Fabiana Baña; Liliana Contreras; Estela Cardoso; Liliana Costa; Dora Cornaló; Mariela Leal; Marcela Martínez; María Teresa Nofal; Gabriela Ruibal

2007-01-01

La prueba de supresión con dexametasona-1mg oral nocturna evalúa la conservación del mecanismo de retroalimentación negativa normal ejercido por los glucocorticoides sobre el eje hipotálamo-hipófiso-adrenal (HH-A), siendo ampliamente utilizada en el algoritmo diagnóstico de sospecha de síndrome de Cushing (SC). Pero la concentración de cortisol sérico matinal postinhibición que define la supresiblidad normal ha sido motivo de controversia, con valores variables desde el original =5 ug/dl (=13...

Literatura oral argelina: reflexión sobre un proceso de traducción

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Souad Hadj Ali Mouhoub

2015-01-01

RESUMEN: El proceso de traducción al español de algunos poemas de una tradición oral femenina argelina conocida por el nombre de boqala implica una primera fase que consiste en su transcripción en árabe argelino, lengua no definitivamente regulada y bastante distinta del árabe clásico, y una segunda fase que es la traducción propiamente dicha con el debido respeto de la sonoridad, el ritmo y la rima de los versos con el fin de transmitir al lector/oyente hispanohablante toda la carga simbólic...

Preformulación de mesilato de dihidroergotoxina, gotas orales

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Natalia Diduk

1995-08-01

Full Text Available Se realizaron estudios para determinar la influencia de diferentes factores: el efecto de varios solventes, del pH, la hermeticidad del envase y la adición de un agente antioxidante con el propósito de recomendar la formulación adecuada del producto. Se utilizó la cromatografía líquida de alta resolución con método analítico en dichos estudios, la especificidad del mismo se comprobó en los ensayos previos. Como resultado se recomienda emplear en la fomulación de mesilato de dihidroegotoxina, gotas orales, glicerina o etanol como solventes, ajustar el pH en el intervalo 4,5 y 5,5, utilizar un envase hermético y añadir tiourea como agente antioxidante.

Probable brote de transmisión oral de enfermedad de Chagas en Turbo, Antioquia

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Juan Fernando Ríos

2011-03-01

Conclusión. Se identificó un probable brote agudo de enfermedad de Chagas en Antioquia y se plantea como hipótesis la transmisión por vía oral, mediante la ingestión de T. cruzi en alimentos contaminados con restos de triatominos o excrementos de marsupiales.

Respuesta de IFN-y e Il-4 en ratones inoculados con una proteína G recombinante del virus de la rabia

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Edith Rojas-Anaya

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el comportamiento de IFN-  e IL-4 en ratones inoculados con proteína G recombinante del virus de la rabia, que se expresa en maíz transgénico o baculovirus. Para este pr opósito, grupos de ratones se inocularon de la siguiente manera: Grupo 1, vacuna contra el virus de la rabia inactivado vía im; Grupo 2, proteína G recombinante deri vada de plantas por vía oral; Grupo 3, proteína G expresada en baculovirus vía im; Grupo 4, proteína G expresada en baculovirus por vía oral; Grupo 5, maíz no tran sformado por vía oral. Los niveles de IFN-  e IL-4 y los anticuerpos específicos se evaluaron cada 15 días. El desafío se realizó a los 60 días post inoculación (pi. Los grupos 1 y 3 promovieron un a mejor respuesta humoral. Por otro lado, los resultados demostraron que los mismos grupos mostraron los mejores niveles de IFN -  en el día 10 pi; mientras que la IL-4 se detectó en el día 15 pi. Para el estudio de supervivencia, el 83 % de los ratones inmunizados con vacuna inactivada, maíz y los inoculados im con extractos de baculovirus sob revivieron la infección viral. La proteína G de la rabia recombinante expresada en baculovirus promovió IFN-  y los anticuerpos de una manera similar a la vacuna de rabia inactivada. A pesar de esto los ratones alime ntados con maíz transgénico sobrevivieron al desafío en el mismo porcentaje que el grupo 3.

UNA PROPUESTA PARA EL ANÁLISIS Y LA CONTEXTUALIZACIÓN DE LA ENTREVISTA DE HISTORIA ORAL

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Gerardo Necoechea Gracia

2014-12-01

Full Text Available El presente ensayo subraya la importancia del análisis y contextualización de los recuerdos vertidos en una entrevista de historia oral, señalando que esta es una de las características que distinguen la historia oral de otras maneras de trabajar con la memoria. El historiador oral lleva a cabo el examen crítico de la fuente, como lo hace con fuentes documentales escritas, prestando atención a las particularidades de la memoria y la oralidad que definen la fuente, y la peculiaridad de la entrevista que produce la fuente. El ensayo propone que para llevar a cabo el análisis es necesario observar cómo la narración de recuerdos maneja el tiempo y el espacio, cómo el narrador presenta su yo y las redes sociales en las que se desenvuelve, y cómo la narración privilegia el relato de anécdotas para desplegar símbolos y significados que dan coherencia a lo vivido. Esta es una primera parte de análisis, con el fin de comprender el sentido cabal del documento integro que es la entrevista. La segunda parte consiste en situar la entrevista y el relato en contexto, tanto el contexto histórico de lo relatado como el contexto del tiempo y las condiciones de producción de lo que es en realidad una conversación histórica. Ello nos permite entender la entrevista como un documento cultural de su época.

Relaciones entre las dificultades del lenguaje oral a los 5 y 6 años y los procesos de lectura a los 8 y 9 años

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María Fernanda Lara Díaz

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes. Diferentes estudios relacionan las dificultades del lenguaje oral con las dificultades de lectura. La mayoría de estas investigaciones se han realizado en lenguas con ortografías opacas como el inglés y sus resultados no pueden ser completamente generalizables al español. Objetivo. Describir la relación entre las dificultades del lenguaje oral y la adquisición de lectura en el español como lengua de ortografía transparente, en una muestra de niños escolarizados. Material y métodos. Participaron 58 niños en dos momentos diferentes, una evaluación inicial, realizada entre los cinco y seis años de edad y otra final realizada tres años después. La evaluación inicial del lenguaje oral se realizó mediante la aplicación de la prueba Preeschool Language Scale (PSL-3 y en un segundo tiempo se evaluó la lectura utilizando la prueba Evaluación de los Procesos Lectores PROLEC. Resultados. Se observó una relación entre la evaluación del lenguaje oral (comprensión auditiva y comunicación expresiva y la lectura (decodificación y comprensión. La lectura de los niños identificados con retraso de lenguaje presenta diferencias clínica y estadísticamente significativas con respecto a los niños sin retraso, especialmente en el proceso de decodificación. Se observa igualmente un ritmo evolutivo diferente entre los dos grupos coincidiendo con la hipótesis de la recuperación ilusoria. Conclusiones. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que las dificultades del lenguaje oral en español repercuten tanto en los procesos de decodificación como en los de comprensión. La relevancia de este estudio, radica en que se aproxima a la relación entre los componentes del lenguaje oral y la lectura, favoreciendo los procesos de promoción, prevención, diagnóstico e intervención fonoaudiológica en contextos tanto clínicos como educativos.

Complicaciones del tratamiento con anticoagulantes orales en mayores de 65 años, a propósito de un caso

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María de las Nieves Perejón Díaz

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Descripción del caso: Mujer de 79 años con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial, fibrilación auricular (FA permanente anticoagulada (acenocumarol e insuficiencia mitral. Barthel 90, Lowton-Brody: 2. Acude a urgencias por dolor costal (osteomuscular de dos semanas de evolución, sin otros síntomas, siendo dada de alta y acudiendo nuevamente por epistaxis y disnea. Exploración y pruebas complementarias: destacar en la auscultación cardio-pulmonar: tonos arrítmicos con soplo sistólico en reborde esternal izquierdo, crepitantes hasta campos medios, con murmullo vesicular disminuido. Radiografía de tórax: masa hiliar derecha con engrosamiento pleural derecho, e infiltrado bilateral. Hemograma: hemoglobina 7.9 g/dl (previa 11.6 g/dl, leucocitos 11.57x10l. Bioquímica: PCR 72.90mg/l, urea 85 mg/l. Coagulación: INR indeterminado, actividad protrombina 4 aumenta el riesgo de sangrado. Se trata de un paciente pluripatológico, dependiente moderada, con mal cumplimiento tratamiento y de control de anticoagulación. Ante estos datos (anemización, ausencia de signos de infección o insuficiencia cardiaca, y los resultados de las pruebas, nos decantamos por la hemorragia alveolar como primera posibilidad diagnostica.

Oral sex, oral health and orogenital infections

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Rajiv Saini

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Oral sex is commonly practiced by sexually active male-female and same-gender couples of various ages, including adolescents. The various type of oral sex practices are fellatio, cunnilingus and analingus. Oral sex is infrequently examined in research on adolescents; oral sex can transmit oral, respiratory, and genital pathogens. Oral health has a direct impact on the transmission of infection; a cut in your mouth, bleeding gums, lip sores or broken skin increases chances of infection. Although oral sex is considered a low risk activity, it is important to use protection and safer sex precautions. There are various methods of preventing infection during oral sex such as physical barriers, health and medical issues, ethical issues and oral hygiene and dental issues. The lesions or unhealthy periodontal status of oral cavity accelerates the phenomenon of transmission of infections into the circulation. Thus consequences of unhealthy or painful oral cavity are significant and oral health should be given paramount importance for the practice of oral sex.

Desarrollo de un liofilizado oral antihistamínico de segunda generación

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Flórez Borges, Paloma

2016-01-01

El liofilizado oral es una forma farmacéutica sólida que tiene como objetivo facilitar la administración de un medicamento mediante la disolución instantánea del mismo en la cavidad bucal, con la consiguiente deglución del contenido por vía oral. Dicha forma farmacéutica se obtiene mediante preparación previa de una solución, suspensión o emulsión que contenga el principio activo que se quiere administrar antes de la aplicación de la técnica de liofilización. La liofilización permite generar ...

Amiloidosis bucal Oral amyloidosis

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Isabella Lima Arrais Ribeiro

2012-03-01

, confirmado con la coloración del espécimen con el reactivo rojo congo. Los depósitos de amiloide fueron encontrados en el tejido conjuntivo, que con la luz polarizada presentó birrefringencia. Tal hallazgo fue preocupante, ya que la amiloidosis afecta diversos tejidos, lo que puede provocar complicaciones sistémicas. Por esa razón la paciente fue orientada a buscar atención médica. Sin embargo, abandonó el tratamiento y falleció 6 meses después del diagnóstico de la enfermedad. Lesiones bucales aparentemente simples pueden revelar enfermedades raras y de difícil tratamiento. El diagnóstico preciso y la supervisión médica son fundamentales para la sobrevida del paciente.Amyloidosis is an uncommon complicated disease of a difficult diagnosis occurring due to the amyloid substance depot in the extracellular medium. Being diagnosed in the oral cavity, the patient must to be supervised to assess the potential systemic complications of disease. The aim of present paper was to present a case of oral amyloidosis in a female patient ages 72 presenting with traumatic fibroma. After performance of a biopsy and the histopathological examination, the diagnosis was the presence of amyloidosis, confirmed with the help of the sample using Congo red reactant. Amyloid depots were found in the conjunctive tissue which under the polarized light showed birefringence. This finding was worrying since the amyloidosis involves different tissues leading to systemic complications. Thus, the patient was oriented to search medical care; however she abandons treatment dying 6 months after diagnosis of the disease. The apparently single oral injuries may to reveal uncommon diseases and of difficult treatment. The precise treatment and the medical supervision are essential in the patient's survival.

In Defense of Oral History: Evidence from the Mercosur Case En defensa de la Historia Oral: Evidencia del caso de Mercosur

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Gian Luca Gardini

2012-01-01

Full Text Available This article makes a case in defense of oral history in the study of political science and international relations. The existing literature has scrutinized the technical aspects and appropriate use of oral material. This article focuses on the circumstances under which oral history may be an indispensable method of scholarly investigation: first, when written primary sources are not readily available; second, when an investigation targets complex and secret high-level negotiations; and third, when the main research concern is the human agent’s perspective and ideational factors. The article first addresses the issue of reliability and rigor of oral history as compared to written sources and then concentrates on the creation of Mercosur as an example of the validity of oral history under the three circumstances identified. The conclusion proposes a revival of a more historical approach to political studies.Este artículo argumenta en favor del uso de la historia oral como método de estudio de las relaciones internacionales y de las ciencias políticas. La literatura académica se ha centrado en las cuestiones más técnicas de las entrevistas y en el uso apropiado de este método. El foco innovador del articulo analiza las circunstancias en que la historia oral puede representar una herramienta indispensable para la investigación académica: primero, cuando las fuentes escritas no están disponibles; segundo, cuando se investigan negociaciones reservadas y complejas de alto nivel; tercero, cuando el interés principal de la investigación es la perspectiva del agente y los factores ideacionales. En primer lugar, el artículo discute la confiabilidad y el rigor de la historia oral en comparación con las fuentes escritas. Luego, el análisis se centra en el caso de estudio de la creación de Mercosur, usado como ejemplo de la validez de la historia oral bajo las tres circunstancias identificadas. La conclusión propone un uso más amplio del

La ciclooxigenasa-2 (COX-2) y el factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EFG) en lesiones epiteliales orales premalignas

OpenAIRE

Díaz Prado, S.; Gallego Guadalupe, A.; López-Cedrún, J.L.; Ferreras Granado, J.; Antón Aparicio, L.

2009-01-01

Las lesiones premalignas orales incluyen eritroplasias (manchas rojas) y leucoplasias (manchas blancas), las cuales se desarrollan a lo largo de superficies epiteliales. Estas lesiones son considerados marcadores en la "carcinogénesis de campo" ya que pacientes con lesiones premalignas orales pueden desarrollar carcinoma de células escamosas (CCS) en el sitio de las lesiones, así como en otros lugares de tracto aerodigestivo superior. Se está haciendo un gran esfuerzo para identificar nuevos ...

Manifestaciones clínicas bucales detectadas en pacientes con giardiasis

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Juan Carlos Quintana Díaz

1997-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio de la posible relación existente entre la giardiasis y la aparición de manifestaciones bucales en un grupo de pacientes mayores de 16 años, a los que se les diagnosticó esta afección mediante el drenaje biliar. Se asevera que la malabsorción producida por este parásito hace que se origine un déficit de vitaminas, proteínas, carbohidratos y grasas, que según varios autores y nosostros, son la causa de las alteraciones bucales encontradas. De los 50 pacientes con giardiasis estudiados, el 46 % correspondió al sexo masculino y el 54 % al femenino, las manifestaciones bucales encontradas fueron: aftas, glositis y queilitis en un total del 52 % de los casos examinados.A study on the possible relationship existing between giardiasis and the appereance of oral manifestations in a group of patients over 16, who were diagnosed this affection by biliary drainage, was conducted. It is affirmed that the malabsorption produced by this parasite provokes a deficit of vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates and fats, that in some authora' opinions and in our own, causes the oral alterations found. Of the 50 patients with giardiasis studied, 46 % were males and 54 % females. The oral manifestations detected in 52 % of the cases examined were: aphthas, glossitis, and cheilitis.

Las prácticas maternas frente a la enfermedad diarreica infantil y la terapia de rehidratación oral Maternal practice in case of infantile diarrhea and oral rehydration therapy

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Selene Alvarez-Larrauri

1998-05-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Determinar las prácticas terapéuticas utilizadas por madres de Coatepec, Veracruz, cuando se presentan episodios diarreicos en sus hijos menores de cinco años, su grado de generalización, así como su relación con los entramados de significados sociales que las sustentan. Material y métodos. De un total de 15 740 familias, se seleccionó aleatoriamente una muestra de 300. Asimismo, se hizo un levantamiento de información cuantitativa y cualitativa a partir de entrevistas abiertas estucturadas. Se llevó a cabo un análisis estadístico (no paramétrico de las prácticas terapéuticas y se estudió su relación con variables socioeconómicas. Resultados. Fueron frecuentes las dos prácticas consideradas como las más importantes en la obstaculización de la terapia de rehidratación oral: bajo uso del sobre de hidratación oral (SHO y medicación contraindicada. El análisis no paramétrico indicó una relación de significancia entre las prácticas contraindicadas y el hecho de no tener claro el concepto de deshidratación. Por otro lado, se encontró que existe una relación de significancia entre tener el concepto correcto de deshidratación y: a usar el SHO; b no usar medicamentos contraindicados, y c utilizar menos la medicina tradicional. Las variables socioeconómicas no tuvieron relación de significancia con las prácticas ni con el hecho de saber lo que significa la deshidratación. Se describe, con base en la interpretación cualitativa, cómo se construyen los significados que sustentan estas prácticas y cómo se reproducen por medio de las redes sociales. Conclusiones. Se recomienda investigar también la participación de los proveedores de salud en la reproducción de las prácticas terapéuticas, así como la relación que ello guarda con los patrones de reproducción de los significados en las redes sociales de ayuda.Objective. To determine therapeutic practices used by mothers from Coatepec, Veracruz, in case

Cáncer de lengua en un paciente con Alzheimer Lingual cancer in an Alzheimer patient

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Daniel Antunes Freitas

2011-06-01

Full Text Available El cáncer bucal a nivel mundial se considera uno de los más incidentes en cabeza y cuello, y la lengua, la ubicación topográfica bucal más frecuente. Los principales factores de riesgo son: tabaquismo, alcoholismo, herencia y una higiene bucal inadecuada. Se reporta el caso de un hombre de 64 años de edad con hábitos tóxicos de tabaquismo y alcoholismo, y además deficiente higiene bucal. El paciente sufre enfermedad de Alzheimer y desarrolló en la lengua un carcinoma escamocelular con adenopatías cervicales metastásicas. El diagnóstico fue confirmado histopatológicamente. Se realizó glosectomía total y posterior radioterapia cervical. Se motivó a los familiares a mejorar la higiene bucal del paciente y actualmente se encuentra bajo control médico. Aunque no se puede asegurar que la aparición y desarrollo del cáncer bucal en este paciente fue debido al padecimiento de Alzheimer o a los demás factores de riesgo, si se contempló la posibilidad de convertirse este padecimiento neurológico en un factor predisponente para esta enfermedad.Oral cancer at world level is considered as one of the more incident in head and neck and the tongue is the more frequent topographical location. The main risk factors are the smoking, alcoholism, inheritance and a poor oral hygiene. The case of an Alzheimer male patient aged 64 with smoking, alcoholism and a poor oral hygiene and a lingual squamocellular carcinoma with metastatic cervical adenopathies. Diagnosis was confirmed by histology. A total glossectomy was carried out and later cervical radiotherapy was applied. Relate were instructed on a better oral hygiene of patient and nowadays is under medical control. Although it is impossible to assure that appearance and development of oral cancer in this patients were provoked by the Alzheimer' disease or to other risks factors if we take into account the possibility that this neurologic illness becomes a risk factor.

Oral Anticoagulation: the impact of the therapy in health-related quality of life at six-month follow-up Anticoagulación oral: impacto de la terapia en la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud a lo largo de seis meses Anticoagulação oral: impacto da terapia na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde ao longo de seis meses

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Ariana Rodrigues da Silva Carvalho

2013-02-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: to study the changes in health-related quality of life from beginning of anticoagulation therapy to six-month follow-up, and to study associations of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics with measures of quality of life and general health status at six-month follow-up, in individuals using oral anticoagulation due to various medical indications for the therapy. METHOD: prospective study performed at a city in the state of Paraná, Brazil, composed of 78 patients. Measures included the Duke Anticoagulation Satisfaction Scale and the Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form SF-36. RESULTS: mean age was 57 years (S.D.= 16 and 54% were women. Compared to the beginning of therapy, there was a statistically significant improvement in health-related quality of life at six-month follow-up. Linear regression analyses explained 32% and 30%, respectively, of the variance of the Duke Anticoagulation Satisfaction Scale and of the general health status. There was improvement in all components of the SF-36, except Mental Health. CONCLUSION: The use of oral anticoagulation therapy was associated with improvement in health-related quality of life in the first six months of therapy. This study is longitudinal and therefore, has fewer limitations than cross-sectional studies published to date in the Nursing literature in Brazil.OBJETIVO: Estudiar los cambios en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud desde el inicio de la anticoagulación oral y al final de seis meses de tratamiento, y estudiar las asociaciones de las características sociodemográficas y clínicas con las medidas de calidad de vida y salud general seis meses después de iniciar la terapia, en pacientes con diversas indicaciones clínicas de anticoagulación oral. MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo en una ciudad de Paraná, Brasil, evaluando 78 pacientes. Las herramientas aplicadas fueron la Duke Anticoagulation Satisfaction Scale y el Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form

L’ITALIANO DELLE GUIDE TURISTICHE: UNO STUDIO DELLA LINGUA ORALE DEL TURISMO

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Elena Mauri

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Oggetto di questo articolo è il linguaggio orale delle guide turistiche, una produzione linguistica «speciale», difficilmente reperibile e scarsamente analizzata, e si pone come obbiettivo quello di evidenziarne alcuni dei tratti più tipici in relazione ad una delle figure professionali tra le più rappresentative di una comunicazione orale turistica tra esperto e pubblico: la guida turistica. La prima parte dell’articolo è dedicata alla definizione del linguaggio del turismo e, in particolare, alle caratteristiche dal discorso orale delle guide turistiche, esito della mediazione tra linguaggio di specialità e lingua comune. Nella seconda parte viene introdotta e sviluppata l’analisi linguaggio orale delle guide turistiche a partire da un corpus costituito da diciotto file di trascrizione di registrazioni di visite guidate, in lingua italiana, svolte da guide turistiche straniere all’estero. Dallo studio effettuato è emerso come le scelte linguistiche dell’operatore professionale si declinino in funzione delle esigenze e delle caratteristiche del destinatario: ad un turista desideroso di «vedere», «conoscere» e «identificare» nello spazio ciò di cui si parla, la guida turistica risponde con un ampio impiego del verbo «chiamarsi» e di componenti grammaticali e lessicali (verbi, avverbi e preposizioni di luogo, aggettivi dimostrativi con un forte valore locativo.   Tourist guide italian: a study of the oral language of tourism   Elena Mauri    The object of this article is the oral language of tourist guides, a “special”, hard to find and poorly analyzed type of language production. The objective is to highlight some of the most typical features in relation to one of the most representative professionals in oral tourist communication, between expert and public: tourist guides. The first part of the article is devoted to the definition of the language of tourism and, in particular, to the characteristics of the

ANTICOAGULANTE ORAL: CONSTRUÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO

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Flávia Martinelli Pelegrino

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Se trata de un relato de experiencia sobre la construcción y validación de un protocolo educativo para pacientes en fase de uso de anticoagulación oral. Con base en la Teoría Cognitiva Social de Bandura se identificó tres fases necesarias para componer el protocolo educativo. La revisión de la literatura sobre anticoagulante oral ayudó a preparar el contenido de cada fase del protocolo. Como resultado, en la fase de la atención y retención se dio la elaboración de orientación verbal y escrita. En la fase de la reproducción y motivación fue realizado un refuerzo por contacto telefónico. Finalmente, en la fase de desempeño se espera la mejora en la evaluación de los resultados relacionados al uso de anticoagulante oral. Definido el protocolo educativo se dio la validación de la cara y el contenido. Este proceso permitió adaptaciones que permitieron la finalización de la construcción del protocolo educativo.

Salud oral y déficit nutricional en adultos mayores no institucionalizados en Londrina, Paraná, Brasil

OpenAIRE

Mesas,Arthur Eumann; Andrade,Selma Maffei de; Cabrera,Marcos Aparecido Sarria; Bueno,Vera Lúcia Ribeiro de Carvalho

2010-01-01

OBJETIVO: Examinar la asociación entre el déficit nutricional y problemas de salud oral en adultos mayores no institucionalizados de una comunidad en Brasil. MÉTODOS: En este estudio transversal fueron obtenidos datos de 267 adultos mayores (160 mujeres y 107 hombres) con edad entre los 60 y 74 años provenientes del censo del área de cobertura de un Equipo del Programa Salud de la Familia de Londrina, Brasil. El déficit nutricional fue identificado con la Mini Evaluación Nutricional (< 24 pun...

Uso de antiagregantes plaquetarios orales en una farmacia rural de Girona

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Camps Soler A

2018-06-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCCIÓN La incidencia y prevalencia de las patologías cardiovasculares hacen necesario intensificar las medidas preventivas, verificando entre otros aspectos qué información tienen los pacientes sobre la utilización de antiagregantes orales. MÉTODO Estudio observacional descriptivo transversal, realizado al 100% de pacientes que solicitaban antiagregantes orales en una farmacia de Riudellots de la Selva (Girona, durante febrero y marzo de 2008. RESULTADOS Se incorporaron 67 pacientes, de ellos 40 (60% eran hombres. La edad media fue 72,5 (13,2 años, existiendo diferencias (p= 0,023 por sexo. Tenían una media de 2,9 (1,5 problemas de salud y usaban 5,2 (3,0 medicamentos. El nivel cultural fue bajo en 82% casos. 49 (73,1% pacientes no fumaban, 60 (89,5% no consumía alcohol, 44 (65,7% no hacía ejercicio, y 34 (50,7% no hacía dieta. 42 (62,6% pacientes estaban en prevención primaria: 21 (52,5% hombres vs 21 (77,8% mujeres (p= 0,036; empleándose ácido acetilsalicílico en 62 (92,5% pacientes, a una dosis media de 152,4 (85,1 mg (algo superior en hombres. Predominaba diagnóstico de enfermedad coronaria, seguido de enfermedad cerebrovascular en hombres y enfermedad arterial periférica en mujeres (p= 0,002. 31 (46,2% pacientes consideraban que su enfermedad estaba controlada. 49 (73,1% pacientes, recordaba para qué era el antiagregante; 63 (94,0% la pauta diaria; 42 (62,6% cuanto tiempo debía usarlo, y 50 (74,7% que debía tomarlo con alimentos. CONCLUSIONES Uno de cada cuatro pacientes que utilizaban antiagregantes orales no sabía para qué lo utilizaba y tampoco que debía tomarlo con alimentos. La dispensación por el farmacéutico de los antiagregantes orales debe acompañarse de información que refuerce estas deficiencias en el uso.

Preventive efficacy and safety of rebamipide in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced mucosal toxicity.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Jeong Ho; Park, Soo-Heon; Cho, Chul-Soo; Lee, Soo Teik; Yoo, Wan-Hee; Kim, Sung Kook; Kang, Young Mo; Rew, Jong Sun; Park, Yong-Wook; Lee, Soo Kon; Lee, Yong Chan; Park, Won; Lee, Don-Haeng

2014-07-01

The use of proton pump inhibitors or misoprostol is known to prevent the gastrointestinal complications of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Rebamipide is known to increase the mucosal generation of prostaglandins and to eliminate free oxygen radicals, thus enhancing the protective function of the gastric mucosa. However, it is unknown whether rebamipide plays a role in preventing NSAID-induced gastropathy. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of rebamipide compared to misoprostol in preventing NSAID-induced gastrointestinal complications in patients requiring continuous NSAID treatment. We studied 479 patients who required continuous NSAID treatment. The patients were randomly assigned to groups that received 100 mg of rebamipide three times per day or 200 μg of misoprostol three times per day for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint of the analysis was the occurrence rate of gastric ulcers, as determined by endoscopy after 12 weeks of therapy. Of the 479 patients in the study, 242 received rebamipide, and 237 received misoprostol. Ultimately, 44 patients (18.6%) withdrew from the misoprostol group and 25 patients (10.3%) withdrew from the rebamipide group. There was a significant difference in withdrawal rate between the two groups (p=0.0103). The per protocol analysis set was not valid because of the dropout rate of the misoprostol group; thus, the intention to treat (ITT) analysis set is the main set for the efficacy analysis in this study. After 12 weeks, the occurrence rate of gastric ulcers was similar in the rebamipide and misoprostol groups (20.3% vs 21.9%, p=0.6497) according to ITT analysis. In addition, the therapeutic failure rate was similar in the rebamipide and misoprostol groups (13.6% vs 13.1%, p=0.8580). The total severity score of the gastrointestinal symptoms was significantly lower in the rebamipide group than in the misoprostol group (p=0.0002). The amount of antacid used was significantly lower in the rebamipide

Asistencia a mujeres embarazadas con VIH/sida en Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil

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Karla Santana Azevedo Damasceno

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los resultados perinatales de las medidas profilácticas adoptadas en la prevención de la transmisión vertical del VIH. Se realizó una investigación de las historias clínicas de 168 mujeres con VIH y sus recién nacidos en una maternidad pública de Fortaleza, estado de Ceará, entre 2005 y 2009. Los datos se obtuvieron entre los meses de marzo y septiembre de 2010 y fueron analizados con el programa SPSS 10.0. Las embarazadas que conocían el diagnóstico en forma previa al embarazo tuvieron una rápida atención que permitió una terapia antirretroviral eficaz y un mayor número de controles (p<0,05. Se administró terapia antirretroviral al 97,6% de las embarazadas, triple esquema al 88,7%; AZT intraparto al 95,2% y AZT oral en jarabe al 100% de los recién nacidos. Predominó la cesárea (92,8% asociada al AZT intraparto al ser cotejada con el parto vaginal (p<0,001. La cesárea proporcionó mayor administración de AZT intraparto.

side-effects of oral misoprostol in the third stage of labour

African Journals Online (AJOL)

were placed in a plastic bag and weighed in grams. The known dry weight of the linen savers and sanitary towels was subtracted to give the approximate volume of blood in .... cially prematures. This is the eagerly awaited original video of Dr Nils Bergman's highly popular talks on the subject. The video provides the latest.

side-effects of oral misoprostol in the third stage of labour

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Research on Human Subjects of the University of the. Witwatersrand. Women in .... levels of stress hormones can have permanent adverse effects on the baby's brain, resulting in behaviour disorders and lower IQ later in life. Mother's love.

Atención Odontológica Integral a Personas que Viven Con VIH-SIDA (Pvvih en el Hospital San Juan de Dios de Bogotá

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John Harold Estrada Montoya

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta el panorama del surgimiento del programa de atención odontológica a personas viviendo con VIH/SIDA (PVVS que fue implementado en el Hospital San Juan de Dios de Bogotá y que funcionó hasta el cierre definitivo del Hospital durante la presidencia de Andrés Pastrana Arango. Se presentan las diferentes etapas vividas en el programa y se destacan la implementación de los primeros protocolos de bioseguridad en el país que luego fueron tomados como modelo para todo el país bajo la supervisión del Ministerio de Salud. Luego se presentan las investigaciones en lesiones orales  asociadas al VIH y el significado clínico e inmunológico de estas lesiones para los pacientes y el equipo de salud. Finalmente se presentan los estudios relacionados con las lesiones más prevalentes (Candidosis oral y enfermedad periodontal y los factores relacionados con la adherencia a los tratamientos antirretrovirales, de gran importancia para pacientes y cuidadores, siendo estos los últimos estudios realizados antes del cierre definitivo del programa.

TropJrnal Vol 28 No1&2 4Intnet publicatn

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Misoprostol is used for cervical ripening and control of post partum haemorrhage among 24.4% and 50% of the .... What do you use for IOL in your institution? Misoprostol. 8. 19.0. Oxytocin. 4. 9.5. Both. 30. 71.5. Misoprostol used with previous caesarean section. Yes. 8 .... for the control of postpartum haemorrhage, while.

Polímeros de Coordinación con Centros Metálicos en Entornos de Coordinación Variables: Posibles Aplicaciones.

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Serrano Larrea, Edurne; Fernández de Luis, Roberto; Fidalgo Marijuan, Arkaitz; Llano Tomé, Francisco; Amayuelas López, Eder; Bravo García, Laura; Bazán Blau, Begoña del Pilar; Barandika Argoitia, Miren Gotzone; Urtiaga Greaves, Miren Karmele; Arriortua Marcaida, María Isabel

2015-01-01

Presentación de power point. Comunicación oral presentada en el 1er Simposium sobre Propiedades y Aplicaciones de MOFs y COFs, celebrado en Granada en abril de 2015 El grupo de investigación IMaCris/MaKrisI de la UPV/EHU, atesora una amplia experiencia en el estudio de estructuras metal-orgánicas en diferentes tipos de materiales: • Clústeres y polímeros de coordinación, con conectores magnéticos, como el aziduro, el cianato y el tiocianato, en combinación con ligandos bipiridínicos como l...

con dietas suplementadas con Cromo-L-metionina

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Ram\\u00F3n Garc\\u00EDa-Castillo

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Un total de 48 cerdos (Sus scrofa domesticus; 24 machos castrados y 24 hembras cruzados (Yorkshire, Hampshire, Duroc y Landrace de 3,5 a 4,0 meses de edad y 60,0 ± 5,0 kg PV en finalización. Se alimentaron con dietas isoproteícas (14,5 % PC e isoenergéticas (3.400 kcal EM/kg de MS, adicionadas con Cr-L-metionina (MiCroPlex® (0, 200, 400 y 600 ppb. El experimento tuvo una duración de 45 días y se realizó de agosto a noviembre del 2002 en las instalaciones de la Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, localizada en Saltillo, Coahuila, México. Al tener los animales aproximadamente 95 kg PV, se tomó muestra de 15 ml de sangre por cada animal para determinar la concentración de glucosa, ácido úrico, creatinina, urea, proteinas totales y colesterol. Se aplicó un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial 2 x 4; dos para el factor sexo y cuatro para nivel de cromo. Los metabolitos en suero no fueron afectados (P>0,05 por el factor sexo. La glucosa en suero disminuyó (P<0,05 y el colesterol incrementó (P<0,05 con cromo en la dieta. Se concluye que el Cr incrementa el metabolismo de glucosa y disminuye el de colesterol, con lo cual puede haber energía disponible para síntesis de proteína la cual es necesaria para el crecimiento de los animales

Desarrollo y estimulación del lenguaje oral en el 2º ciclo de educación infantil

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Delgado Benito, Cristina

2015-01-01

Este proyecto plantea dar respuesta a las diferentes estrategias que se ofrecen para favorecer la comunicación oral en la escuela. En la etapa de Educación Infantil, nos encontramos con niños/as que están en pleno desarrollo y poseen una gran capacidad de aprendizaje en todas las situaciones que se plantean en su vida social, escolar y familiar. De este modo, el alumnado requiere la enseñanza de formación lingüística oral que atienda a sus necesidades, capacidades, problemas e intereses. P...

Effect of the dose of oral Hydrocortisone on growth rate during long-term treatment of children with salt losing congenital adrenal hyperplasia Efecto de la dosis oral de hidrocortisona sobre la velocidad de crecimiento en niños con la forma perdedora de sodio de la hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita

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M. Ciaccio

2002-12-01

Full Text Available The effect of the dose of oral hydrocortisone on stature growth rate of patients with the salt losing form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia and adequate electrolyte balance was here assessed. Thirty patients (21 girls and 9 boys were followed longitudinally for 0.52 to 8.64 years, between chronological ages 0.35 and 8.64 years. Nine consecutive periods (Ps of follow up were defined in order to compare two auxological parameters, height (H at the end of a follow up P and DH standard deviation score (SDS. According to growth rate during a particular P, two types of Ps were defined: Ps with DH SDS > -0.5 (Group 1, satisfactory growth rate and Ps with DH SDS = or 18 mg/m²/day and grew poorly, but they were able to recover, at least temporarily, when the dose was adjusted during the following years.El propósito del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la dosis dehidrocortisona sobre la velocidad de crecimiento en pacientes con la forma perdedora de sodio de la hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita, en adecuado balance hidroelectrolítico. Se siguieron en forma longitudinal 30 pacientes (21 niñas y 9 niños durante 0.52 a 8.64 años, con edades cronológicas entre 0.35 y 8.64 años. Se definieron 9 períodos (P consecutivos de seguimiento para comparar: el score de desviación estándar (SDS para talla (T al final del P y el DSDS T (diferencia en el SDS de talla. Se definieron dos tipos de Ps: P con DSDS T > -0.5 (Grupo 1, velocidad de crecimiento satisfactoria y P con DSDS = o 18 mg/m²/día y crecieron poco. Sin embargo, la talla se recuperó cuando la dosis fue ajustada en años posteriores.

Nuevas soluciones para hidratación oral New solutions for oral rehydration therapy (ORT: a review

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Carlos A. Bernal Parra

1995-02-01

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La hidratación oral es uno de los descubrimientos médicos más importantes del siglo veinte; su base fisiológica es el transporte acoplado de sodio y otros solutos, que favorece el ingreso de agua a las células del intestino. El suero de hidratación oral (SHO con la fórmula recomendada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS, utiliza como so luto transportador la glucosa. Su osmolaridad es ligeramente mayor que la de los líquidos corporales: 311 mOsm/L.

ORT solution with the composition recommended by the World Health Organization, is one of the most important medical advances of the present century; it has, however, some drawbacks that may partly explain why it is used with a lower frequency than it is desirable. In order to overcome such limitations other substances have been tried for the preparation of OR solutions; the ideal preparation should both hydrate and prevent further dehydration, decrease the volume of stools and the duration of diarrhea and provide some nutrients. The following substances have been tried for the preparation of oral solution: glycine, glutamine, alanine, rice and other cereals, maltodextrines, protein hydrolysates and low osmolarity solutions; in light of the results obtained so far, these products offer no advantage over the standard solution.

Conocimientos de salud bucodental en relación con el nivel socioeconómico en adultos de la ciudad de Corrientes, Argentina / Oral health knowledge in relation to socioeconomic status in adults from the city of Corrientes, Argentina

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María Silvina Dho

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Resumen Objetivo: analizar los conocimientos de salud bucodental y su relación con el nivel socioeconómico en individuos adultos. Metodología: se realizó un estudio transversal. A través de una encuesta domiciliaria se recolectó información referente a las variables de estudio. Se determinó el tamaño de la muestra estableciéndose un nivel de confianza del 95% (381 individuos para la generalización de los resultados. Se aplicó un diseño muestral aleatorio simple para la selección de las viviendas a encuestar, que se complementó con un muestreo no probabilístico por cuotas para la selección de los individuos a entrevistar. Resultados: Los individuos adultos de la Ciudad de Corrientes presentan en general un nivel de conocimientos de salud bucodental aceptable, pues en una escala de 0 a 28 puntos utilizada para valorar los conocimientos, se registró un mínimo de 15 puntos. Los individuos de NSE bajo presentan un nivel de conocimientos de salud bucodental similar a los individuos de NSE medio-alto/alto. Las personas de NSE medio-bajo presentaron un nivel significativamente menor de conocimientos de salud bucodental. Conclusión: Estos resultados deberían contemplarse en el diseño estrategias de intervención que incidan en los determinantes socioculturales del proceso salud-enfermedad./ Abstract Objective: to analyze the knowledge of oral health and its relationship with the socioeconomic status in adults. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out. Information on sociodemographic and oral health knowledge was collected through a household survey. Sample size was determined by establishing a confidence level of 95% (381 individuals for the generalization of results. A simple random sampling design was used for the selection of households to be surveyed. In addition, this was supplemented with a non-probability quota sampling procedure for selecting the individuals to be interviewed. Results: A scale ranging from 0 to

Efecto del levonorgestrel como anticonceptivo oral de emergencia en la ovulación, el endometrio y los espermatozoides Effect of levonorgestrel in the ovulation, endometrium, and spermatozoa for emergency oral contraception

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Víctor J. Suárez

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Existe amplia controversia acerca del mecanismo de acción del levonorgestrel como anticonceptivo oral de emergencia; numerosas organizaciones, tanto científicas como de la sociedad civil, muestran su disconformidad con su uso, debido a su posible acción como inductor de aborto. Con el objetivo de evaluar la evidencia científica disponible sobre los mecanismos de acción del levonorgestrel utilizado como anticonceptivo oral de emergencia (AOE, se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases de datos Medline y Cochrane Library donde se encontró 444 artículos; después de revisar los resúmenes, se seleccionó 22 artículos, los cuales fueron evaluados a texto completo. Se encontró que el principal mecanismo de acción del levonorgestrel, a las dosis recomendadas como AOE, es la inhibición o retraso de la ovulación; no afecta a los espermatozoides en su capacidad de migración ni de penetración al óvulo. No se ha demostrado alteraciones morfológicas ni moleculares en el endometrio que puedan interferir con la implantación del huevo fecundado. No existe evidencia científica actual disponible que sustente que el uso de levonorgestrel como AOE sea abortivo.There is wide controversy about the mechanism of action of the levonorgestrel used for emergency oral contraception, and many organizations, both scientific as well as from the civil society, show their discrepancy with its use, due to its possible action as an abortion- inducer. In order to evaluate the scientific evidence available on the mechanisms of action of the levonorgestrel used for emergency oral contraception (EOC, a systematic revision was performed in the Medline and Cochrane library databases. We found 444 articles. After reviewing the abstracts, we selected 22 articles, whose complete texts were evaluated. We found that the main mechanism of action of the levonorgestrel, given at the doses recommended for EOC, is the inhibition or retardation of the ovulation, it

Efectividad de la rehidratación oral en niños pequeños con enfermedad diarreica aguda

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Hazel Castañeda Avalos

1995-06-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio en el que participaron 100 niños de 0 a 2 años de edad, de 6 consultorios de médicos de la familia pertenecientes al Policlínico Docente "19 de Abril", que fueron llevados a consulta por presentar enfermedad diarreica aguda sin haber recibido antes ningún tratamiento y se les indicaron sales de rehidratación oral. Se obtuvo un predominio en el sexo femenino y en las edades de 4 a 11 meses. La mayor parte presentaba buen estado nutricional entre el 3 y el 10 percentil. Ningún caso necesitó ingreso hospitalario por deshidratación; los 8 casos que ingresaron fueron otras las causas. La mayor parte de los padres conocían las sales de rehidratación oral, pero sólo un grupo menor las usó espontáneamente. La mayoría de los padres poseía un nivel educacional medio.A study was conducted with the participation of 100 children between 0 and 2 years of age from 6 medical offices of the family doctor which belong to the "19 de Abril" teaching polyclinics and who were taken to consultation because of an acute diarrheal disease without treatment. Patients were prescribed oral rehydration salts. Females predominated, as well as the age group of 4-11 months. Most of them presented with a good nutritional status between percentile 3 and 10. None of the patients required hospitalization because of dehydration; 8 cases were admitted due to other causes. Most of the parents knew about oral rehydration salts, but only one group used them spontaneously. The majority of parents had a mid-educational level.

Accesorios personales y otros recursos en las exposiciones científicas orales Personal accessories and other resources in the oral scientific presentations

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María Elena Jiménez Arias

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Los accesorios son sumamente importantes, pues combinados con acierto permiten realzar la figura humana en su conjunto, transmiten una valiosa información acerca de quien los porta y constituyen un recurso ideal para cambiar la apariencia en muy pocos minutos. En el artículo se abordan, fundamentalmente, diversos aspectos relacionados con los complementos femeninos y masculinos, en aras de combatir la vulgaridad, el mal gusto y el erróneo concepto de modernidad en algunas mentes y posturas, pues la exposición oral de un trabajo científico es una circunstancia especial que exige de oradoras y oradores una conducta e imagen personal igualmente distintivas, a fin de evitar que puedan ser descalificados por el auditorio antes de comenzar a hablar por haber descuidado este básico elemento en su atavío.Accessories are extremely important, because combined with success they allow to enhance the human figure as a whole, they transmit a valuable information about their carriers and they constitute an ideal resource to change the appearance in very few minutes. In the article different aspects related to the female and male complements are approached, fundamentally aimed at combating vulgarity, the bad taste and the erroneous concept of modernity in some minds and positions, because the oral presentation of a scientific work is a special circumstance that demands from speakers a equally distinctive behavior and personal image, in order to avoid that they can be disqualified by the auditory before beginning to speak to have neglected this basic element in their attire.

Características sistémicas y orales de la nefrolitiasis bilateral y asma en niños - Reporte de caso

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Carmen de la Luz Ayala Escandón

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Introducción. La nefrolitiasis es una enfermedad caracterizada por la formación de cálculos en el riñón, de gran incidencia y alta recurrencia, considerada rara en niños. Cuando no se trata evoluciona con altos índices de complicaciones. El asma es una enfermedad crónica inflamatoria de las vías respiratorias y ocasiona una importante morbilidad y mortalidad. Metodología: Se informa del caso de una niña de 4 años diagnosticada con nefrolitiasis bilateral y asma, referida para atención odontológica. Se incluye: Revisión bibliográfica de las patologías base, metodología clínica utilizada en el estado de salud general y oral, pre y post tratamiento dental. Conclusiones: En concordancia con lo descrito por diversos autores, los niños con nefrolitiasis bilateral y asma tienen un mayor índice de caries, higiene oral deficiente, una alta susceptibilidad a otras infecciones como candidiasis y a menudo exhiben defectos del esmalte, mucosas cianóticas, malposición dental y xerostomía. La prevención primaria es decisiva, una higiene dental apropiada, revisiones odontológicas habituales, así como el uso de broncodilatadores constituyen elementos significativos sobre todo en pacientes de alto riego.

Sífilis secundaria en cavidad oral: Reporte de dos casos Oral secondary syphilis: Two cases report

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M G Díaz

2008-12-01

Full Text Available La sífilis es una enfermedad infecciosa humana causada por una bacteria: el Treponema pallidum. La enfermedad es transmitida por contacto directo a través de lesiones durante el estadio primario y secundario, por vía transplacentaria intrauterina o a través del canal uterino; puede afectar cualquier órgano de la economía causando un número infinito de presentaciones clínicas. La sífilis secundaria cursa con manifestaciones mucocutáneas características y eventual sintomatología general. La presentación clínica de nuestros dos pacientes es singular ya que solo poseían lesiones en la cavidad oral. La respuesta al tratamiento instaurado fue buena.Syphilis is a human infectious disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. The disease is transmitted by direct contact with a lesion during the primary or secondary stages, in utero by the transplacental route, or during delivery as the baby passes through an infected canal. The bacterium may infect any organ, causing an infinite number of clinical presentations. Secondary syphilis is characterized by mucocutaneous lesions, a flulike syndrome, and generalized adenopathy. Hepatosplenomegaly may be present. The oral mucosa is the second most frequent site of luetic lesions; the genital areas are the most frequent. In the oral cavity, the most characteristic lesion is a whitish mucosal patch, normally located on the lips, tongue, or palate, which is extremely contagious. The differential diagnosis of this lesion may include oral squamous carcinoma, leukoplakia, candidosis, lichen planus, and hairy oral leukoplakia. Definitive diagnosis is based on clinical information and completed by laboratory examinations even the biopsy can help us. With the diagnosis of secondary syphilis treatment with penicillin G benzathine must be started. We present two cases of secondary syphilis with oral lesions only; the first one, a man with macule covered with a whitish membrane on palate mucosa and a

Tratamiento con trofín en niños intolerantes a las sales de hierro Treatment with trofin in children who do not tolerate iron salts

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Norma Fernández Delgado

2000-08-01

Full Text Available Se realizó tratamiento con Trofín, producto cubano de origen natural con propiedades antianémicas, a 14 niños entre 6 y 36 meses de edad con anemia ferripriva, que no toleraban las sales de hierro oral. Se observó una recuperación de las cifras de hemoglobina en el 86 % de los casos. Se presentaron reacciones adversas ligeras en el 36 % de los pacientes, sin que ello impidiera la continuación del tratamiento. El Trofín constituye una alternativa eficaz en el tratamiento de este déficit nutricional en pacientes intolerantes a las sales ferrosasTreatment with Trofin, a Cuban-made natural product with anti-anemic properties, was given to 14 children aged 6-36 months of age suffering from iron deficiency anemia, who do not assimilate oral iron salts. Adequate levels of hemoglobin figures were observed to be restored in 80% of the cases. 36% of patients showed minor adverse reactions without interrupting the treatment. Trofin is an effective alternative in treating this nutritional disorder in patients who do not tolerate iron salts

Tularemia con afectación faríngea y ganglionar cervical

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María Martín-Bailón

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Introducción: La tularemia es una zoonosis producida por la bacteria Francisella tularensis, la cual se encuentra principalmente en conejos y otros animales y a veces libre en el suelo o en aguas contaminadas. Se trasmite fundamentalmente a través de la picadura de garrapata aunque también puede adquirirse por contacto directo con productos animales, agua o alimentos contaminados o por aerosolización de las bacterias. En áreas geográficas con alto porcentaje de población rural en contacto con animales sigue siendo una enfermedad a tener en cuenta en el diagnóstico diferencial de síndromes adenopáticos.Caso clínico: Varón de 45 años sin antecedentes de interés que acude a Urgencias por odinofagia derecha sin fiebre y aparición de tumoración laterocervical derecha. En la exploración se objetiva ulceración y varias aftas a nivel de amígdala derecha, así como adenopatía cervical en nivel II derecho de unos 5 cm de tamaño; analítica de sangre dentro de la normalidad. Se instaura tratamiento con amoxicilina-clavulánico y antiinflamatorios, pero a los pocos días el paciente consulta de nuevo por ausencia de mejoría. Se solicita TC de cuello con contraste que muestra adenopatía abscesificada en área II derecha de 3 cm de tamaño. Serología para tularemia positiva. Se instaura tratamiento con Levofloxacino intravenoso durante 5 días y posteriormente oral durante 10 días más, con buena respuesta. Revisión del paciente a los 3 meses, estando asintomático, con negativización de la serología y desaparición de la adenopatía cervical.Discusión: Se distinguen siete formas clínicas de tularemia, siendo la ulceroganglionar responsable del 75% de los casos: consiste en  la aparición de una lesión típica cutánea o mucosa  y adenopatías mayores de 1 cm. Es frecuente la abscesificación de estas adenopatías, pudiendo fistulizar al exterior de forma espontánea. En un 25 % de los pacientes aparece una forma orofar

Eficacia antibacteriana de dos enjuages bucales (Triclosan y cloruro de cetilpiridinio sobre streptococos orales

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Enrique Estela

2012-02-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana de dos enjuagues bucales sobre streptococcus orales. Material y métodos: La investigación realizada fue de tipo clínico, prospectivo y longitudinal en un total de 45 pacientes de ambos sexos cuyas edades oscilaron entre 21 y 35 años de edad. Los pacientes fueron asignados aleatoriamente en tres grupos; el primero que recibió colutorios de cloruro de cetilpiridinio, el segundo que recibió colutorios de triclosán y el tercero que fue consignado como grupo-control (colutorios con agua. Previo al uso del enjuague bucal se realizó una encuesta a la totalidad de pacientes con respecto a los hábitos básicos de higiene bucal y un odontograma en el que se determinó el riesgo de caries de los sujetos incluidos en el estudio. Así mismo se realizó un recuento de colonias de streptococos orales en una muestra de saliva inicial de cada paciente. Después del uso del colutorio respectivo se realizó un nuevo recuento de colonias de streptococos, cuyos resultados fueron contrastados con la muestra inicial. Los resultados mostraron que el uso de triclosán o cloruro de cetilpiridinio reducen significativamente el recuento de colonias de streptococos orales. La reducción media en el recuento de streptococos fue 146,200 UFC/ml en los pacientes que usaron triclosán y 113,670 UFC/ml en los pacientes que utilizaron cloruro de cetilpiridinio. Además, se halló una asociación significativa entre el tipo de saliva, el número de superficies de caries y el recuento inicial de colonias de streptococos. (p<0.05. Conclusiones: Se concluyó en la verificación experimental acerca de la mayor eficacia que presentó el colutorio de triclosán frente al colutorio de cloruro de cetilpiridinio.

Granuloma telangiectásico en cavidad oral

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Antonio José Díaz Caballero

Full Text Available El granuloma telangiectásico se considera como una lesión benigna no neoplásica de la mucosa gingival de tipo reactivo asociado a trauma. Durante varios años tuvo diferentes nombres dentro de los que destacan granuloma piógeno del embarazo o gravídico, hemangioma capilar lobular y épulis. Histológicamente se caracteriza por una proliferación vascular, infiltrado inflamatorio crónico y tejido de granulación. El objetivo del presente caso es describir las características clínicas e histológicas de un granuloma telangiectásico en cavidad oral y su plan de tratamiento. Llega a consulta paciente femenina de 50 años de edad, refiere presentar sangrado gingival en repetidas ocasiones en zona posterior de la arcada dentaria superior, durante el cepillado o con el consumo de algunos alimentos. Clínicamente se observa prótesis provisional desadaptada en órganos dentarios 11 al 15. Al retirar la prótesis es notorio un aumento de volumen en la encía interdental, con aspecto eritematoso, que sangra con facilidad. El reporte de anatomía patológica mostró una lesión con engrosamiento del epitelio escamoso, formación de nuevos vasos sanguíneos e infiltrado inflamatorio crónico. Diagnosticado como granuloma telangiectásico. La lesión fue eliminada quirúrgicamente por alargamiento coronal con reducción ósea. Ocho días después de la cirugía se evidencia proceso de cicatrización sin ninguna complicación. La lesión presentó recidiva transcurrido seis meses. Ello nos lleva a destacar la importancia del control de factores locales, como la presencia de prótesis desadaptadas y el acúmulo de placa bacteriana luego de la eliminación quirúrgica de este tipo de lesiones.

Interacciones farmacológicas de las hojas de Maytenus macrocarpa o “chuchuhuasi” con fármacos inhibitorios y estimuladores de la motilidad intestinal

OpenAIRE

Meléndez-Espíritu, S.; Huaccho Rojas, Juan Jesús; Santos-Cajahuanca, F.; Abanto-Cabeza, C.; Jáuregui-Farfán, J.; Mendoza-Toribio, J.; Morales-Zenteno, E.; Salgado-Silva, L.; Sueyoshi-Hernández, H.; Robles-Ojeda, M.; Loja Herrera, Berta; Alvarado Yarasca, Ángel Tito; Salazar Granara, Alberto Alcibíades

2013-01-01

OBJETIVO: Determinar las posibles interacciones farmacológicas de las hojas de Maytenus macrocarpa, con fármacos estimulantes e inhibitorios de la motilidad intestinal. MÉTODOS: Se utilizaron 110 ratones albinos machos, con pesos medios de 25 g, se empleó el método de Arbos y col, se administró carbón activado al 5 % vía oral, dosis de 0.1ml/10g, como marcador intestinal. Los grupos experimentales fueron: control (agua destilada 0,3ml), hojas de chuchuhuasi 1 (500mg/kg), hojas de chuchuhua...

PIAHO: una herramienta para la prevención de hábitos orales deletéreos (protocolo de incorporación apropiada de hábitos orales)

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Villanueva,Pía

2014-01-01

Objetivo presentar una herramienta de prevención de malos hábitos orales, llamado PIAHO. Métodos se comparan los diagnósticos obtenidos de la prueba subjetiva PeNaF con los diagnósticos de resistencia nasal obtenidos por la prueba objetiva de rinomanometria. Se estudian las relaciones entre la incorporación de consistencias, herramientas y elección de posturas durante la alimentación y los diferentes tipos de deglución. Basados tanto en, los re...

Evaluación de la toxicidad aguda oral e irritación sobre mucosa bucal de la solución CM-95 tratada magnéticamente Oral acute toxicity and irritation on buccal mucosa evaluation of the CM-95 solution magnetically treated

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Jorge Díaz Bestard

2008-12-01

Full Text Available La Solución CM-95 tratada magnéticamente es un producto en desarrollo que mostró propiedades inmunoestimulantes en ensayos preclínicos, característica que la hacen adecuada como candidata a inmunopotenciador. En este trabajo se evaluaron los posibles efectos tóxicos preclínicos de la Solución CM-95 tratada magnéticamente, por el método de las Clases de Toxicidad Aguda y el de irritación de la mucosa oral, adaptando las normas OECD 423 y la ISO 10993-10, respectivamente. En el método de las Clases de Toxicidad Aguda se utilizó el ensayo límite, en ratas Sprague Dawley hembras, en el cual la dosis estuvo relacionada con el nivel de inducción magnética, en este caso 0,16 T, aplicado a la Solución CM-95; y el volumen a administrar de la misma, calculado sobre la base de 2 ml de la solución por 100 g de peso corporal. La determinación de la irritación de la mucosa oral se llevó a cabo en hámster Sirios Dorados hembras mediante un ensayo a dosis repetidas durante 7 días de tratamiento en la bolsa gular derecha, con pellet de algodón impregnado con 0,5 ml de la solución tratada magnéticamente con la misma inducción. No se encontró mortalidad ni evidencias de signos tóxicos para el ensayo de toxicidad aguda, y se obtuvo un índice de irritación sobre mucosa oral de 0, por lo que la sustancia estudiada se enmarcó como "No clasificada" y "No irritante" según la metodología empleada. Estos resultados complementarán otros estudios toxicológicos para avalar la seguridad de esta Solución para su uso futuro como fármaco por vía oral.CM-95 solution magnetically treated is a product which showed immunologic properties in preliminary tests, characteristic that makes it adequate as inmunopotentiator candidate. In this study the possible preclinical toxic effects of CM-95 Solution magnetically treated were evaluated, by the Acute Toxicity Class method and oral mucosa irritation test, adapting guideline OECD 423 and ISO 10993

Expresión de las moléculas del Complejo Mayor de Histocompatibilidad clase II y moléculas co-estimuladoras en carcinomas orales in vitro

OpenAIRE

Villarroel, Mariana; Speight, Paul M.; Barrett, A. William

2005-01-01

El descubrimiento de que el epitelio escamoso estratificado que cubre la mucosa oral podia expresar moleculas del Complejo Mayor de Histocompatibilidad clase II en varias condiciones patologicas de tipo inflamatorio abrio la posibilidad de que los queratinocitos orales sean celulas inmunologicamente activas, las cuales pueden funcionar con .celulas presentadoras de antigenos'ñ. Para una efectiva activacion de los linfocitos T, las celulas presentadoras de antigenos requie...

Estudio de la mucosa oral en pacientes que emplean colutorios

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Marzal Gamarra, Cristina

2009-01-01

INTRODUCCIÓN 1. Recuerdo histológico de la mucosa oral La cavidad bucal, como toda cavidad orgánica que se comunica con el exterior, esta tapizada por una membrana mucosa de superficie húmeda. La humedad, que es aportada por las glándulas salivales mayores y menores, es necesaria para el mantenimiento de la estructura normal de los tejidos. 2. Colutorios y su utilización en Odontología Los colutorios son preparaciones líquidas destinadas a ser aplicadas sobre los dientes, las...

Estadios precoces de cancer oral: pronóstico en relación con gradación histológica, linfagiogénesis intratumoral y expresión de factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular Tipo-C (VEGF-C Early stage oral cancer: prognosis with regard to histological grading, intratumoral lymphangiogenesis, and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C

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M.F. Muñoz-Guerra

2006-02-01

Full Text Available Objetivos. Los sistemas de gradación histológica se han usado clásicamente como factor pronóstico y marcadores de comportamiento clínico en el carcinoma epidermoide intra-oral (CEI. Sin embargo, su utilidad pronóstica permanece controvertida. Nuestro objetivo ha sido evaluar la presencia de linfangiogénesis intratumoral (LI, un nuevo hallazgo morfológico, en un análisis retrospectivo de muestras de tejido en parafina dentro de un grupo de estadios precoces de CEI, relacionándolo con clásicos sistemas de gradación histológica y teniendo en cuenta su importancia pronóstica. Asimismo, pretendemos determinar si la expresión del factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular -C (VEGF-C se correlaciona con la evolución de la enfermedad. Diseño. Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo basado en 96 casos de CEI. Todos los pacientes presentaban tumores intraorales T1-T2 y fueron tratados primariamente mediante resección local asociada con disección cervical electiva, la cual mostró ausencia de afectación ganglionar regional. En el grupo de 96 muestras analizamos la LI utilizando el marcador específico del endotelio linfático PA2.26. Adicionalmente, estudiamos la expresión del VEGF-C. Todos los casos fueron clasificados de acuerdo con los sistemas de gradación histológica descritos por Broders, Anneroth y Bryne. El estudio estadístico se fundamentó en el análisis univariante de supervivencia causa-específica y supervivencia libre de recidiva según el método de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados. El grupo de pacientes con ausencia de LI mostró mejor pronóstico en cuanto a supervivencia y periodo libre de enfermedad, aunque la diferencia no mostró valores estadísticamente significativos. El estudio no mostró una relación entre la expresión de VEGF-C y la presencia de LI. Sin embargo, no observamos recidivas entre el grupo con ausencia de expresión de VEGF-C. El análisis comparativo de los sistemas de gradación histológica mostró una

ORAL MYIASIS CONVERTING TO ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA

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Akshay

2015-10-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: Oral Myiasis, a condition of infestation of the body by fly larvae (maggots is a rare pathology in humans. It is associated with poor oral hygiene, alcoholism, senility, suppurating lesions, severe halitosis. It is seen frequently in tropical countries and hot climatic regions. The reported cases in literature of oral Myiasis associated with oral cancer are few. The treatment is a mechanical removal of the maggots but a systemic treatment with Ivermectin, a semi - synthetic macrolide antibiotic, has been used successfully for treatment for oral m yiasis. We present a case of 55 yr old male alcoholic patient with oral myiasis with extensive proliferative growth of oral cavity. Our patient was managed with manual debridement and administration of systemic ivermect in along with antibiotic coverage. Incisional biopsy of the proliferative lesion showed well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Thus our patient showed presence of oral myiasis in association with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Examining the association between oral health and oral HPV infection.

Science.gov (United States)

Bui, Thanh Cong; Markham, Christine M; Ross, Michael Wallis; Mullen, Patricia Dolan

2013-09-01

Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the cause of 40% to 80% of oropharyngeal cancers; yet, no published study has examined the role of oral health in oral HPV infection, either independently or in conjunction with other risk factors. This study examined the relation between oral health and oral HPV infection and the interactive effects of oral health, smoking, and oral sex on oral HPV infection. Our analyses comprised 3,439 participants ages 30 to 69 years for whom data on oral HPV and oral health were available from the nationally representative 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Results showed that higher unadjusted prevalence of oral HPV infection was associated with four measures of oral health, including self-rated oral health as poor-to-fair [prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.56; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25-1.95], indicated the possibility of gum disease (PR = 1.51; 95% CI, 1.13-2.01), reported use of mouthwash to treat dental problems in the past week (PR = 1.28; 95% CI, 1.07-1.52), and higher number of teeth lost (Ptrend = 0.035). In multivariable logistic regression models, oral HPV infection had a statistically significant association with self-rated overall oral health (OR = 1.55; 95% CI, 1.15-2.09), independent of smoking and oral sex. In conclusion, poor oral health was an independent risk factor of oral HPV infection, irrespective of smoking and oral sex practices. Public health interventions may aim to promote oral hygiene and oral health as an additional measure to prevent HPV-related oral cancers.

Factores de riesgo relacionados con lupus eritematoso sistémico en población mexicana Risk factors associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in Mexican population

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Abraham Zonana-Nacach

2002-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Evaluar los factores de riesgo asociados con el desarrollo de lupus eritematoso sistémico en población mexicana. Material y métodos. Estudio de casos y controles, efectuado en junio de 1996 en el Departamento de Reumatología del Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI (HE CMN, del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, de la Ciudad de México. Se estudiaron 130 pacientes (casos que presentaban cuatro o más criterios de clasificación de lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES y con una evolución de la enfermedad menor de cinco años. Los controles fueron pacientes hospitalizados por enfermedades agudas no autoinmunes. Fueron pareados 1:1 por edad y sexo; ambos grupos se evaluaron a través de una entrevista directa y la aplicación de un cuestionario estructurado. Se estudiaron los siguientes factores de riesgo: genéticos (historia familiar de LES o enfermedad de tejido conjuntivo, sociodemográficos (raza, lugar de residencia, educación, ingreso mensual; hormonales (anticonceptivos orales, terapia hormonal de remplazo y ginecobstétricos; ambientales (productos para el cabello, cohabitación con perros, infecciones, alergias. El análisis estadístico fue hecho con razón de momios (RM IC 95% y regresión logística. Resultados. El análisis estadístico multivariado mostró asociación con el antecedente familiar de LES (RM 4.2, IC 95% 1.17-15.2 u otra ETC (RM 2.6, IC 95% 1.15-4.5, uso de anticonceptivos orales por más de un año (RM 2.1, IC 95% 1.13-4.3, faringoamigdalitis de repetición (RM 2.1, IC 95% 1.18 - 3.6 y fármacos (RM 5.0, IC 95% 1.62 - 21.6. No hubo relación con factores socieconómicos, el uso de productos para el cabello, con asma o con antecedentes alérgicos. Conclusiones. Factores genéticos como el antecedente heredo-familiar de LES o enfermedad de tejido conjuntivo en familiares de primer grado continúan siendo factores importantes en el desarrollo de LES. Otros factores de riesgo

Oral considerations of Kawasaki syndrome : a case report

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Figueiredo, Márcia Cançado; Pires, Patrícia Duarte Simões; Silva, Daniel Demétrio Faustino da; Ouriques, Maurício Cernicchiaro; Squef, Rocío

2010-01-01

El objetivo del presente estudio es presentar un caso clínico y revisar la literatura existente sobre el Síndrome de Kawasaki (SK) tan frecuente en pacientes con necesidades especiales. Las características clínicas de esta patología se observan ya en niños muy jóvenes, en la gran mayoría de los casos menores de 5 años de edad. Esta es una patología que puede llevar al óbito, pues revela un compromiso cardíaco importante. Hay señales y síntomas en la cavidad oral en la fase aguda de la enferme...

Tratamiento con implantes Leader-Nano en paciente con oligodoncia

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Salvador Javier Santos Medina

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Los implantes dentales de titanio han revolucionado el mundo de la rehabilitación desde su surgimiento. De manera particular, el empleo de implantes de carga inmediata acorta el tiempo quirúrgico y protésico, con el consiguiente bienestar estético. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 32 años de edad, con antecedentes de oligodoncia de ambos incisivos laterales superiores y portadora de prótesis parcial acrílica. Fue atendida por el equipo multidisciplinario de implantes en la Clínica Estomatológica Docente “3 de Octubre” y se le realizó tratamiento de rehabilitación integral con implantes Leader-Nano y prótesis fija con corona acrílica sobre dichos implantes. La implantología fue satisfactoria en la paciente; la mejoría estética y funcional, así como la satisfacción de la paciente, fueron los principales logros obtenidos

Experiencias de haber crecido con un padre/madre con trastorno mental severo (TMS)

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Vivanco B, Gabriela; Grandón F, Pamela

2016-01-01

Introducción. La experiencia de vivir con personas que presentan un Trastorno Mental Severo (TMS) es difícil para las familias, en especial para los hijos quienes han sido poco estudiados. El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer cómo la experiencia de haber vivido con un padre o madre con un trastorno mental severo influyó en la infancia, adolescencia y adultez joven de sus hijos e hijas. Método. Se analizan las experiencias de convivencia con un padre/madre con TMS en 10 hijos (6 hombres...

Miltefosina oral para el tratamiento de la leishmaniasis

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Jaime Soto

2006-10-01

Full Text Available La pérdida de la eficacia, las dificultades para su administración y el incremento en la frecuenciay la severidad de los efectos secundarios de las sales de antimonio pentavalente han forzadola búsqueda de un medicamento que pueda remplazarlas en el tratamiento de la leishmaniasis.Los estudios adelantados con medicamentos inyectables, orales y tópicos han arrojadoresultados inconsistentes y de poca utilidad en el Nuevo Mundo. Desde 1998 lahexadecilfosfocolina (miltefosina viene siendo utilizada con éxito en India en enfermos conleishmaniasis visceral y en 1999 se iniciaron los estudios clínicos en Colombia en pacientescon leishmaniasis cutánea. A la fecha se han tratado mas de 2.500 pacientes en India(leishmaniasis visceral por L. donovani y Colombia (leishmaniasis cutánea por L. panamensisy se han logrado tasas de curación superiores a 91% a la dosis recomendada de 2,5 mg / kgpeso / día durante 28 días continuos, sin que haya diferencia en la respuesta entre pacientesnuevos y los que presentan fallas o recaídas después de recibir antimoniales. En Guatemalala respuesta fue de 53% ( 33% para L. braziliensis, 60% para L. mexicana mientras que la deL. tropica en Afganistán fue de 63%. Pacientes con leishmaniasis cutánea difusa, leishmaniasismucosa y con co-infección por HIV+, han tenido una buena respuesta inicial pero deberecordarse la tendencia a recaer que tienen estos pacientes. Entre el 35% al 60% de lospacientes presentan reacciones adversas gastrointestinales leves y 10% al 20% hacenelevación leve de transaminasas y creatinina.

Niveles de GLP-1 tras el test de sobrecarga oral de glucosa en mujeres con antecedentes de diabetes mellitus gestacional

OpenAIRE

Maraver Selfa, Silvia María

2017-01-01

Se ha descrito una reducción significativa del efecto incretina en pacientes con DM2 que puede deberse a la secreción alterada de las hormonas incretinas y/o a una acción insulinotrópica defectuosa de las mismas. Podría plantearse que este efecto incretina deteriorado en pacientes con trastornos del metabolismo hidrocarbonado, fuese un defecto primario precoz que preceda al desarrollo de la DM2, o secundario a la propia hiperglucemia. Objetivos. Estudiar el patrón de secreción de GLP-1 ...

Trastornos psicológicos y su correlación etiopatogénica con el bruxismo

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Domínguez Medina, Flora María

2014-01-01

Tesis doctoral inédita, leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Psiquiatría. Fecha de lectura: 20 de mayo, 2014 El Bruxismo, referido desde tiempos remotos, es una parafunción bucal que provoca el desarrollo de muy variadas afecciones a nivel de diferentes estructuras del Sistema Estomatognático. Es considerado el más prevalente, complejo y destructivo de todos los hábitos parafuncionales de la cavidad oral (Quiroga, 2010), con una prevale...

Improving Eleventh Graders’ Oral Production in English Class through Cooperative Learning Strategies Mejora de la producción oral de estudiantes de grado undécimo en clase de inglés, a través de estrategias de aprendizaje cooperativo

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Claudia Yanive Prieto Castillo

2007-12-01

Full Text Available This paper aims to report on research carried out with eleventh graders at Colegio de Bachillerato Patria in Bogotá. The main objective of the research was to establish strategies to help students to improve their oral production in English. Instruments used to collect the data were: field notes, students’ and teachers’ surveys, students’ interviews and audiotapes recordings. Considering the data gathered, this research prompted a more cooperative environment among students in the oral process. Finally it was a way to motivate other teachers in the school to work with these kinds of strategies.El propósito de este artículo es presentar una investigación que se llevó a cabo con estudiantes de grado undécimo del Colegio de bachillerato Patria en Bogotá. El principal objetivo consistió en establecer estrategias que ayudaran a los estudiantes a mejorar su producción oral en inglés. Los instrumentos utilizados para recolectar información fueron diarios de campo, encuestas a estudiantes y profesores, entrevistas a estudiantes, grabaciones de audio y video. Considerando la información recolectada, este estudio promovió un ambiente de más cooperación entre los estudiantes. Finalmente fue una manera de motivar a otros docentes en el colegio a trabajar con este tipo de estrategias.

La narrazione orale tra bambini ed adulti: da flusso continuo a vena carsica?

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Milena Bernardi

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Con il segmento di ricerca che viene presentato nella sua prima fase si prende in esame l’ipotesi di un processo, in atto da tempo, di trasformazione e/o di declino della narrazione orale nel rapporto quotidiano tra adulti e bambini, inteso, in questo specifico contesto, come “spia” dei mutamenti degli stili educativi e degli interscambi tra famiglie ed operatori dei servizi in relazione all’alleanza educativa. La complessità dei filoni di studio che rimandano alla voce “narrazione” negli ambiti delle scienze umane esige la precisazione della curvatura “narrativa” scelta per la ricerca in corso: curvatura che appartiene all’epistemologia della letteratura per l’infanzia e della pedagogia della narrazione in quanto permette di imboccare la strada della ricerca pedagogica rivolta innanzi tutto ai significati che il narrare assume nella relazione educativa e poi ai modi ed alle forme della narrazione che coinvolgono l’infanzia. In un’epoca di grande vitalità e visibilità delle narrazioni, tra cui abbondano le produzioni scritte, illustrate, filmate per l’infanzia, sembra esserci una zona marginale e quasi sommersa della comunicazione narrante che rischia di sfumare in una sorta di oblio. E’ la zona della narrazione orale esperita in praesentia da bambini ed adulti insieme, tessuta con fili di parole che restituiscono senso all’intero arco delle esperienze, tentando di riordinare il disordine che spesso connota la realtà, interpretando, stabilendo connessioni, impregnando di quel senso i vissuti, i fatti, le relazioni, le cose e le parole stesse, ancora, nelle voci. Del rischio e delle conseguenze che possono derivare dalla sua mancanza si occupa questo contributo di ricerca che, dal punto di vista metodologico, si è avvalso e si avvale sia di analisi condotte sul corpus dei testi sia della raccolta di dati e informazioni tramite incontri condotti con la modalità del focus group, con educatrici e genitori.

Evaluación de costo-efectividad de los nuevos anticoagulantes orales en pacientes con fibrilación auricular no valvular

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Ángel Alberto García-Peña

2017-03-01

Full Text Available La fibrilación auricular es el trastorno más frecuente del ritmo cardíaco y una de las causas potencialmente tratables de cardioembolia y ataque cerebrovascular. La disponibilidad de nuevos anticoagulantes para pacientes con fibrilación auricular no valvular, plantea retos, derivados principalmente de los costos de su uso, perfiles de eficacia y seguridad, tolerancia y disponibilidad. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de costo-efectividad con base en un modelo de Markov, que permite comparar las estrategias de anticoagulación disponibles para fibrilación auricular no valvular en el país (apixabán, dabigatrán, rivaroxabán. La perspectiva empleada fue la del tercero pagador (sistema de salud colombiano, considerando solo costos médicos directos. Se siguieron las guías metodológicas para este tipo de estudios propuestas por ISPOR (International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research e INAHTA (International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment. El horizonte temporal fue de 5 años, 10 años y toda la vida, en tanto que la tasa de descuento fue del 3%. Luego de la evaluación del modelo, con base en los análisis de sensibilidad realizados y el umbral de costo-efectividad para Colombia, se encontró que para el caso base, las diferentes moléculas evaluadas, si bien son costo-efectivas, exceden el umbral propuesto para este trabajo, siendo rivaroxabán y dabigatrán las únicas estrategias costo-efectivas con un horizonte temporal a 10 años con una tasa de descuento del 3% y para un horizonte temporal de toda la vida y tasa de descuento del 3%, las tres moléculas alcanzan el umbral de costo-efectividad establecido para Colombia. Dichas consideraciones son altamente sensibles al costo de los medicamentos.

The potential of task shifting selected maternal interventions to auxiliary midwives in Myanmar: a mixed-method study.

Science.gov (United States)

Than, Kyu Kyu; Tin, Khaing Nwe; La, Thazin; Thant, Kyaw Soe; Myint, Theingi; Beeson, James G; Luchters, Stanley; Morgan, Alison

2018-01-03

An estimated 282 women die for every 100,000 live births in Myanmar, most due to preventable causes. Auxiliary Midwives (AMWs) in Myanmar are responsible for providing a package of care during pregnancy and childbirth to women in rural hard to reach areas where skilled birth attendants (Midwives) are not accessible. This study aims to examine the role of AMWs in Myanmar and to assess the current practices of three proposed essential maternal interventions (oral supplement distribution to pregnant women; administration of misoprostol to prevent postpartum haemorrhage; management of puerperal sepsis with oral antibiotics) in order to facilitate a formal integration of these tasks to AMWs in Myanmar. A mixed methods study was conducted in Magwe Region, Myanmar involving a survey of 262 AMWs, complemented by 15 focus group discussions with midwives (MWs), AMWs, mothers and community members, and 10 key informant interviews with health care providers at different levels within the health care system. According to current government policy, AMWs are responsible for identifying pregnant women, screening for danger signs and facilitating early referral, provision of counselling on nutrition and birth preparedness for women in hard-to-reach areas. AMWs also assist at normal deliveries and help MWs provide immunization services. In practice, they also provide oral supplements to pregnant women (84%), provide antibiotics to mothers during the puerperium (43%), and provide misoprostol to prevent postpartum haemorrhage (41%). The current practices of AMWs demonstrate the potential for task shifting on selected essential maternal interventions. However, to integrate these interventions into formal practice they must be complemented with appropriate training, clear guidelines on drug use, systematic recording and reporting, supportive monitoring and supervision and a clear political commitment towards task shifting. With the current national government's commitment towards one

Metabolomic Studies of Oral Biofilm, Oral Cancer, and Beyond.

Science.gov (United States)

Washio, Jumpei; Takahashi, Nobuhiro

2016-06-02

Oral diseases are known to be closely associated with oral biofilm metabolism, while cancer tissue is reported to possess specific metabolism such as the 'Warburg effect'. Metabolomics might be a useful method for clarifying the whole metabolic systems that operate in oral biofilm and oral cancer, however, technical limitations have hampered such research. Fortunately, metabolomics techniques have developed rapidly in the past decade, which has helped to solve these difficulties. In vivo metabolomic analyses of the oral biofilm have produced various findings. Some of these findings agreed with the in vitro results obtained in conventional metabolic studies using representative oral bacteria, while others differed markedly from them. Metabolomic analyses of oral cancer tissue not only revealed differences between metabolomic profiles of cancer and normal tissue, but have also suggested a specific metabolic system operates in oral cancer tissue. Saliva contains a variety of metabolites, some of which might be associated with oral or systemic disease; therefore, metabolomics analysis of saliva could be useful for identifying disease-specific biomarkers. Metabolomic analyses of the oral biofilm, oral cancer, and saliva could contribute to the development of accurate diagnostic, techniques, safe and effective treatments, and preventive strategies for oral and systemic diseases.

Atención Odontológica Integral a Personas que Viven Con VIH-SIDA (Pvvih en el Hospital San Juan de Dios de Bogotá

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John Harold Estrada Montoya

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false ES-CO X-NONE X-NONE Este artículo presenta el panorama del surgimiento del programa de atención odontológica a personas viviendo con VIH/SIDA (PVVS que fue implementado en el Hospital San Juan de Dios de Bogotá y que funcionó hasta el cierre definitivo del Hospital durante la presidencia de Andrés Pastrana Arango. Se presentan las diferentes etapas vividas en el programa y se destacan la implementación de los primeros protocolos de bioseguridad en el país que luego fueron tomados como modelo para todo el país bajo la supervisión del Ministerio de Salud. Luego se presentan las investigaciones en lesiones orales  asociadas al VIH y el significado clínico e inmunológico de estas lesiones para los pacientes y el equipo de salud. Finalmente se presentan los estudios relacionados con las lesiones más prevalentes (Candidosis oral y enfermedad periodontal y los factores relacionados con la adherencia a los tratamientos antirretrovirales, de gran importancia para pacientes y cuidadores, siendo estos los últimos estudios realizados antes del cierre definitivo del programa.

Oral Carcinogenesis and Oral Cancer Chemoprevention: A Review

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Tanaka, Takuji; Tanaka, Mayu; Tanaka, Takahiro

2011-01-01

Oral cancer is one of the major global threats to public health. The development of oral cancer is a tobacco-related multistep and multifocal process involving field cancerization and carcinogenesis. The rationale for molecular-targeted prevention of oral cancer is promising. Biomarkers of genomic instability, including aneuploidy and allelic imbalance, are possible to measure the cancer risk of oral premalignancies. Understanding of the biology of oral carcinogenesis will yield important adv...

Hidratación oral continua o a dosis fraccionadas en niños deshidratados por diarrea aguda

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Mota-Hernández Felipe

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Evaluar la seguridad y efectividad de dos técnicas de hidratación oral. Material y métodos. Ensayo clínico aleatorio, hecho en el Servicio de Hidratación Oral del Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, entre septiembre de 1998 y junio de 1999. Cuarenta pacientes deshidratados por diarrea aguda, menores de cinco años, recibieron suero oral ad libitum (grupo AL y otros cuarenta lo recibieron en dosis fraccionada (grupo DF. Las características clínicas fueron similares en ambos grupos. Los resultados se presentan como promedio y desviación estándar o mediana, según la distribución de frecuencias simples y relativas. Resultados. El promedio de gasto fecal en el grupo AL fue 11.0±7.5 g/kg/h y en el grupo DF 7.1±7.4 (p=0.03. La ingesta de suero, el tiempo de hidratación y la diuresis promedio, fueron similares entre ambos grupos (p>0.05. Seis pacientes del grupo AL y cinco del DF tuvieron gasto fecal alto (>10 g/kg/hora, mejorando con la administración de atole de arroz. Un paciente del grupo AL y dos pacientes del DF tuvieron vómitos persistentes, mejorando con gastroclisis. Ningún paciente requirió rehidratación intravenosa. Conclusiones. Estos resultados sugieren que la administración de suero oral ad libitum, bajo supervisión, es tan segura y efectiva como la técnica de dosis fraccionada para el tratamiento de niños deshidratados por diarrea aguda.

Outlining a preventive oral health care system for China.

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Saekel, Rüdiger

2015-01-01

The most recent Chinese health care reform, scheduled to run until 2020, has been underway for a number of years. Oral health care has not been explicitly mentioned in the context of this reform. However, oral health is an integral part of general health and the under-servicing of the Chinese population in the area of dental care is particularly high. The article describes how this problem could be addressed. Based on present scientific knowledge,specifically on evidence-based strategies and long-term empirical experience from Western industrialised countries, as well as findings from Chinese pilot studies, the author outlines a preventive oral health care system tailored specifically to the conditions prevailing in China. He describes the background and rationale for a clearly structured, preventive system and summarises the scientific cornerstones on which this concept is founded. The single steps of this model, that are adapted specifically to China, are presented so as to facilitate a critical discussion on the pros and cons of the approach. The author concludes that, by implementing preventive oral care, China could gradually reduce the under-servicing of great parts of the population with dental care that largely avoids dental disease and preserves teeth at a price that is affordable to both public health and patients. This approach would minimise the danger of starting a cycle of re-restorations, owing to outdated treatment methods. The proposal would both fit in well with and add to the current blueprint for Chinese health care reform.

Oral microbiome and oral and gastrointestinal cancer risk

OpenAIRE

Ahn, Jiyoung; Chen, Calvin Y.; Hayes, Richard B.

2012-01-01

A growing body of evidence implicates human oral bacteria in the etiology of oral and gastrointestinal cancers. Epidemiological studies consistently report increased risks of these cancers in men and women with periodontal disease or tooth loss, conditions caused by oral bacteria. More than 700 bacterial species inhabit the oral cavity, including at least 11 bacterial phyla and 70 genera. Oral bacteria may activate alcohol and smoking-related carcinogens locally or act systemically, through c...

Vendas textiles terapéuticas con extractos vegetales ecuatorianos: una revisión

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Carlos Santillán De La Torre

2017-08-01

Full Text Available Las vendas textiles se emplean usualmente en terapias de compresión; son de especial interés las dosificadoras porque administran percutáneamente un fármaco, permitiendo al principio activo llegar más rápido a la sangre en comparación a la vía oral, y con menos riesgos de infección en comparación a la intravenosa. No existen artículos de revisión que recopilen los avances tecnológicos con respecto a las vendas terapéuticas, tampoco se han reportado vendas dosificadoras de principios activos vegetales. El objetivo de ésta revisión es describir los avances tecnológicos de las vendas terapéuticas dosificadoras y el potencial del empleo de los extractos vegetales ecuatorianos en ellas, de tal forma que se pueda identificar los problemas tecnológicos que no han permitido dar solución al escaso aprovechamiento de la biodiversidad nacional. Se realizó una amplia búsqueda bibliográfica en bases de datos científicas de reconocido prestigio, y se encontró que existen 3 118 especies de plantas medicinales en el Ecuador, agrupadas en 24 categorías de acuerdo al uso terapéutico; las cuáles coinciden con los usos de las vendas terapéuticas, lo que implica la viabilidad de su empleo en conjunto para mitigar el problema de acceso a la salud convencional por parte de las personas con bajo poder adquisitivo y rescatar los conocimientos ancestrales.

Metabolomic Studies of Oral Biofilm, Oral Cancer, and Beyond

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Jumpei Washio

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Oral diseases are known to be closely associated with oral biofilm metabolism, while cancer tissue is reported to possess specific metabolism such as the ‘Warburg effect’. Metabolomics might be a useful method for clarifying the whole metabolic systems that operate in oral biofilm and oral cancer, however, technical limitations have hampered such research. Fortunately, metabolomics techniques have developed rapidly in the past decade, which has helped to solve these difficulties. In vivo metabolomic analyses of the oral biofilm have produced various findings. Some of these findings agreed with the in vitro results obtained in conventional metabolic studies using representative oral bacteria, while others differed markedly from them. Metabolomic analyses of oral cancer tissue not only revealed differences between metabolomic profiles of cancer and normal tissue, but have also suggested a specific metabolic system operates in oral cancer tissue. Saliva contains a variety of metabolites, some of which might be associated with oral or systemic disease; therefore, metabolomics analysis of saliva could be useful for identifying disease-specific biomarkers. Metabolomic analyses of the oral biofilm, oral cancer, and saliva could contribute to the development of accurate diagnostic, techniques, safe and effective treatments, and preventive strategies for oral and systemic diseases.

Prevention of postpartum hemorrhage at home birth in Afghanistan.

Science.gov (United States)

Sanghvi, Harshadkumar; Ansari, Nasratullah; Prata, Ndola J V; Gibson, Hannah; Ehsan, Aftab T; Smith, Jeffrey M

2010-03-01

To test the safety, acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness of community-based education and distribution of misoprostol for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage at home birth in Afghanistan. A nonrandomized experimental control design in rural Afghanistan. A total of 3187 women participated: 2039 in the intervention group and 1148 in the control group. Of the 1421 women in the intervention group who took misoprostol, 100% correctly took it after birth, including 20 women with twin pregnancies. Adverse effect rates were unexpectedly lower in the intervention group than in the comparison group. Among women in the intervention group, 92% said they would use misoprostol in their next pregnancy. In the intervention area where community-based distribution of misoprostol was introduced, near-universal uterotonic coverage (92%) was achieved compared with 25% coverage in the control areas. In Afghanistan, community-based education and distribution of misoprostol is safe, acceptable, feasible, and effective. This strategy should be considered for other countries where access to skilled attendance is limited.

Oral myiasis

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Thalaimalai Saravanan

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Myiasis is a pathologic condition in humans occurring because of parasitic infestation. Parasites causing myiasis belong to the order Diptera. Oral myiasis is seen secondary to oral wounds, suppurative lesions, and extraction wounds, especially in individuals with neurological deficit. In such cases, neglected oral hygiene and halitosis attracts the flies to lay eggs in oral wounds resulting in oral myiasis. We present a case of oral myiasis in 40-year-old male patient with mental disability and history of epilepsy.

HIV transmission in the dental setting and the HIV-infected oral health care professional: workshop 1C.

LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

Flint, S R

2011-04-01

This workshop addressed two important issues: first, the global evidence of HIV transmission from health care provider to patient and from patient to health care provider in the general health care environment and the dental practice setting; second, in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, whether oral health care professionals living with HIV pose a risk of transmission to their patients and whether standard infection control is adequate to protect both the patient and the oral health care professional in dental practice. The workshop culminated in a general discussion and the formulation of a consensus statement from the participating delegates, representing more than 30 countries, on the criteria under which an HIV-infected oral health care professional might practice dentistry without putting patients at risk. This consensus statement, the Beijing Declaration, was agreed nem con.

EP3 receptors inhibit antidiuretic-hormone-dependent sodium transport across frog skin epithelium

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rytved, Klaus A.; Nielsen, Robert

1999-01-01

Antidiuretic hormone; tight epithelium; prostaglandin receptors; sulprostone; misoprostol; cAMP; cellular Ca2+......Antidiuretic hormone; tight epithelium; prostaglandin receptors; sulprostone; misoprostol; cAMP; cellular Ca2+...

Induced abortion among Brazilian female sex workers: a qualitative study.

Science.gov (United States)

Madeiro, Alberto Pereira; Diniz, Debora

2015-02-01

Prostitutes are vulnerable to unplanned pregnancies and abortions. In Brazil, abortion is a crime and there is no data about unsafe abortions for this population. The study describes how prostitutes perform illegal abortions and the health consequences thereof. Semi-structured interviews with 39 prostitutes from three cities in Brazil with previous induced abortion experience were conducted. Sixty-six abortions, with between one and eight occurrences per woman, were recorded. The majority of the cases resulted from sexual activity with clients. The inconsistent use of condoms with regular clients and the consumption of alcohol during work were indicated as the main causes of unplanned pregnancies. The main method to perform abortion was the intravaginal and oral use of misoprostol, acquired in pharmacies or on the black market. Invasive measures were less frequently reported, however with more serious health complications. The fear of complaint to the police meant that most women do not inform the health team regarding induced abortion. The majority of prostitutes aborted with the use of illegally-acquired misoprostol, ending abortion in a public hospital with infection and hemorrhagic complications. The data indicate the need for a public policy focusing on the reproductive health of prostitutes.

Relación del estado de salud bucal y condiciones socioeconómicas en el paciente con enfermedad renal crónica en tratamiento

OpenAIRE

Navia Jutchenko, María Fernanda; Muñoz López, Eliana Elisa; López Soto, Olga Patricia

2013-01-01

Objetivo Caracterizar la salud bucal en pacientes tratados con diferentes tipos de diálisis o con trasplante renal.Materiales y Método Este trabajo descriptivo consideró 336 pacientes, el 49 % recibía hemodiálisis, 34 % diálisis peritoneal, 7 % prediálisis y 10 % trasplante renal. La información fue tomada de una base de datos inicial que en este artículo aplicó un análisis multivariado. Las variables ilustrativas fueron edad, género, estado civil, ocupación, educación, índice de higiene oral...

Scandinavian Fellowship for Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kragelund, Camilla; Reibel, J; Hietanen, J

2012-01-01

as new approaches, treatments and diagnostic possibilities develop. Likewise, the role of the dentist in the community changes and may vary in different countries. As members of the Scandinavian Fellowship for Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine and subject representatives of oral pathology and oral......In Scandinavia, as in many European countries, most patients consult their general dentist once a year or more. This gives the dentist a unique opportunity and an obligation to make an early diagnosis of oral diseases, which is beneficial for both the patient and the society. Thus, the dentist must...... medicine, we feel obliged to contribute to the discussion of how the guidelines of the dental curriculum support the highest possible standards of dental education. This article is meant to delineate a reasonable standard of oral pathology and oral medicine in the European dental curriculum and to guide...

Historial oral y memoria de los enfermos de Hansen en dos lazaretos de Colombia: trayectorias de vida, conflictos y resistencias

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Natalia Botero-Jaramillo

Full Text Available Resumen Investiga la historia oral de la enfermedad de Hansen en dos comunidades de Colombia que fueron hasta 1961 lazaretos. La historia oral en torno de la enfermedad ha permitido conjugar la memoria individual con la memoria colectiva. Esta historia ha quedado en la oralidad y pocos trabajos académicos la han recopilado. Utilizamos la historia oral como método de investigación cualitativo, para analizar cómo enfermos y convivientes se posicionan ante la enfermedad y cómo atraviesa toda su existencia, resignificando los conceptos de salud y enfermedad, de normalidad y anormalidad, y cómo en sus trayectorias de vida emprendieron estrategias de resistencia que les permitiera aproximarse a la normalidad, desde sus propias significaciones socioculturales.

Aspectos histopatológicos y receptores hormonales en mucosa endometrial de mujeres posmenopáusicas con terapia hormonal

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Victoria Valer

2005-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar si existe correlación directa entre la terapéutica hormonal administrada en mujeres posmenopaúsicas, el comportamiento de los receptores estrogénicos y progesterónicos en la mucosa endometrial y los cuadros histológicos más frecuentes de patologías endometriales secundarias al tratamiento. Material y Métodos: Estudio prospectivo, longitudinal de 40 mujeres posmenopaúsicas entre los 43 y 60 años con síndrome climatérico, administrándoles 2 mg de 17 beta estradiol y 1 mg de acetato de noretisterona por día, en forma continua y por vía oral. Se realizó una biopsia endometrial basal y otra postratamiento al octavo mes. Las muestras fueron procesadas para estudio histopatológico e inmunohistoquímico para receptores estrogénicos y progesterónicos. Resultados: La menarquia se presentó a una edad promedio de 13,2 años y la menopausia fisiológica entre 42 y 52 años, con una edad promedio de 46,4 años. La sintomatología climatérica mejoró notablemente con la terapia hormonal. El estudio histopatológico de mucosa endometrial basal mostró 10% de hiperplasia simple y 90% de atrofia; postratamiento, todos los casos presentaron atrofia. Los receptores se expresaron en la mucosa endometrial basal: RE (+ 12,5%, RP (++ 12,5%; postratamiento RE (+ 2,5%, RE (+++ 2,5% y RP(+ 2,5%. Conclusiones: La terapia en dosis diarias vía oral de 2 mg de 17 beta estradiol y 1 mg de acetato de noretisterona disminuye la sintomatología climatérica y produce atrofia endometrial en las pacientes con hiperplasia previa. Existe disminución estadísticamente significativa entre la primera muestra basal y la del octavo mes de la expresión de receptores estrogénicos y progesterona.

Aspectos Psicosociales Relacionados con el TEPT en Pacientes con Cáncer de Mama

OpenAIRE

Hernández Moreno, Fresia Paloma; Landero Hernández, René

2015-01-01

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la relación del estrés, la depresión y las estrategias de afrontamiento con el Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático (TEPT) en una muestra de pacientes con cáncer de mama. Se realizó con una muestra no probabilística de 52 mujeres con cáncer de mama. Se encontró una relación entre TEPT y estrés (r= .344, p= .014), TEPT y depresión (rs=.346, p= .013). El TEPT correlacionó con evitación cognitiva (r= .437, p= .001), TEPT y desesperanza (rs= .437, p= .001) y TEPT...

Propuesta de un programa de intervención psicopedagógica para trabajar el lenguaje oral en Educación Infantil

OpenAIRE

Echaide-Larrayoz, Nerea

2015-01-01

Con este Trabajo Fin de Máster (TFM) pretendemos ofrecer tanto a las familias como al profesorado una herramienta útil para el desarrollo del lenguaje oral en el segundo ciclo de la etapa de Educación Infantil. Así mismo, queremos transmitir la importancia de una adecuada estimulación y detección en el desarrollo del lenguaje oral, haciendo especial hincapié en la prevención de posibles alteraciones en el lenguaje. Por otro lado, queremos ofrecerles tanto al psicopedagogo del centro como al e...

L’ELICITED ORAL IMITATION TEST COME STRUMENTO DI MISURAZIONE DELLE CONOSCENZE IMPLICITE E DELLE ABILITÁ DI PROCESSING

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Ilaria Borro

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Lo studio esamina la validità dell’Elicited Oral Imitation Test (EI nella misurazione delle conoscenze implicite e delle strategie di processing. Si basa sull’ipotesi elaborata da Erlam secondo il quale l’EI è ricostruttivo, cioè richiede agli apprendenti di processare l’input orale e non di ripeterlo meccanicamente. La struttura misurata nello studio è il participio passato: la scelta è motivata dal fatto che si tratta di una struttura problematica a diversi livelli di competenza e richiede la capacità di processare tratti morfologici e sintattici allo stesso tempo (Salvi, Vanelli, 2004.I partecipanti sono 26 studenti cinesi di livello A2 e B1 che, all'epoca, avevano frequentato per circa 400 ore un corso di lingua italiana all'Università degli Studi di Milano. Lo studio utilizza, oltre all’EI, altre due forme di valutazione: un Untimed Grammaticality Judgment Test (UGJT e un Metalinguistic Knowledge Test (MKT. Lo studio ha dimostrato che l'EI ha un debole correlazione con  l'UGJT e con l’MKT, a conferma del fatto che gli studenti hanno fatto affidamento su due tipi di competenze differenti che possono essere identificate con le conoscenze implicite e il processing nel caso dell'EI e con le conoscenze esplicite nel caso dell’UGJT e dell’MKT. I dati raccolti nello studio hanno anche evidenziato una correlazione tra UGJT e MKT a riprova che i due tipi di valutazione richiedono competenze basata su costrutti simili.  The elicited oral imitation test as a tool for measurement of knowledge and skills of implied processingThe study examined the validity of the Elicited Oral Imitation Test (EI in the measurement of implicit knowledge and processing strategies. It is based on the hypothesis developed by Erlam that EI is reconstructive, requiring learners to process oral input and not to repeat it mechanically. The structure measured in the study was the past participle: this choice was motivated by the fact that it is a

Comparación del uso de esteroides con el manejo convencional de la exacerbación de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica

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Ariel Pérez Monroy

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes. La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica es una patología común caracterizada por una limitación crónica, progresiva e irreversible al flujo aéreo, afecta millones de personas en el mundo. Objetivo. Evaluar el uso de dos esquemas de esteroides, en comparación con el tratamiento convencional, en exacerbaciones agudas no acidóticas de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. Material y métodos. Ciento seis pacientes de la Clínica Carlos Lleras Restrepo de Bogotá, con diagnóstico de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica exacerbada se evaluaron, siendo distribuidos en tres grupos: a Tratamiento convencional, b Hidrocortisona más esquema convencional y c Prednisolona más esquema convencional. Se valoró a las 72 horas el cambio porcentual en la medición del flujo-pico, la variación auscultatoria pulmonar y la percepción de mejoría clínica. Además, se consignó la estancia hospitalaria, la necesidad de tratamientos adicionales o ventilación mecánica y efectos colaterales. Resultados. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la respuesta a los tres esquemas terapéuticos, salvo una mejor percepción subjetiva con la hidrocortisona. En el análisis por subgrupos la prednisona oral disminuyó la estancia hospitalaria, mejoró el flujo-pico espiratorio y la percepción subjetiva de síntomas en pacientes mayores de 80 años, con VEF1 menor o igual a 50% del predicho y que cursaron con una exacerbación severa. El género, la clase funcional basal, la causa y el tipo de la descompensación, el número de exacerbaciones-año y el número de paquetes-año, no influyeron en la respuesta a los tres grupos. El efecto secundario más frecuente con esteroides fue la hiperglicemia. Conclusión. Los esteroides sistémicos en forma global, no son mejores que el tratamiento convencional en exacerbaciones de EPOC. Sin embargo, la prednisona oral mejoró objetiva y subjetivamente las exacerbaciones severas, en los

Paciente con esquizofrenia tratado con ziprasidona + clozapina

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Pol Yanguas E.

2013-05-01

Full Text Available P es un paciente diagnosticado de esquizofrenia, sigue en un piso tutelado un programa de rehabilitación, está medicado con clozapina 500 mg/día y ziprasidona 280 mg/ día. Padece hipercolesterolemia, tabaquismo y sus hábitos alimenticios no son buenos. La medicación que utiliza desde 2007 hasta ahora se refleja en la tabla 1. El último tratamiento se le introdujo el 7 de agosto de 2012, habiendo presentado un electro cardiograma (ECG normal, pero con ligera taquicardia ventricular y prolactinemia de 44,8 ng/ml (valores normales: 2-18 ng/ml.

Características de la función inmune celular en pacientes con alergia o intolerancia a las proteínas de la leche de vaca : estudio comparativo

OpenAIRE

Samartín Sáenz, Sonia

2003-01-01

Con el fin de contribuir a un mejor conocimiento del mecanismos biológico de la alergia y de la intolerancia a las proteínas de la leche de vaca, se evaluó un grupo de niños con sospecha de alergia a la leche. Se determinaron en todos los niños los parámetros antropométricos, bioquímicos, hematológicos, así como los inmunológicos para evaluar la presencia de IgE y de un posible mecanismo Inmunológico mediado por células. Se llevaron también a cabo pruebas de provocación oral con la fórmula lá...

The added value of mifepristone to non-surgical treatment regimens for uterine evacuation in case of early pregnancy failure: a systematic review of the literature.

Science.gov (United States)

van den Berg, Joyce; Gordon, Bernardus B M; Snijders, Marcus P M L; Vandenbussche, Frank P H A; Coppus, Sjors F P J

2015-12-01

Early pregnancy failure (EPF) is a common complication of pregnancy. Surgical intervention carries a risk of complications and, therefore, medical treatment appears to be a safe alternative. Unfortunately, the current medical treatment with misoprostol alone has complete evacuation rates between 53% and 87%. Some reports suggest that sequential treatment with mifepristone and misoprostol leads to higher success rates than misoprostol alone. To evaluate the added value of mifepristone to current non-surgical treatment regimens in women with EPF we performed a systematic literature search. Electronic databases were searched: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Current Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Clinical studies, both randomised and non-randomised trials, reporting on the added value of mifepristone to current non-surgical treatment regimens in women with EPF were included. Data of sixteen studies were extracted using a data extraction sheet (based on the Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group's data extraction template). The methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool. In five randomised and eleven non-randomised trials, success rates of sequential treatment with mifepristone and misoprostol in case of EPF varied between 52% and 95%. Large heterogeneity existed in treatment regimens and comparators between studies. The existing evidence is insufficient to draw firm conclusions about the added value of mifepristone to misoprostol alone. A sufficiently powered randomised, double blinded placebo-controlled trial is urgently required to test whether, in EPF, the sequential combination of mifepristone with misoprostol is superior to misoprostol only. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

ANÁLISIS COSTO-BENEFICIO DE CUATRO MEDICAMENTOS ANTIPSICÓTICOS EN PACIENTES CON ESQUIZOFRENIA EN COLOMBIA

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Diego Rosselli

2009-01-01

Full Text Available

RESUMEN
Por la menor incidencia de efectos secundarios extrapiramidales y por una mayor adherencia de los pacientes al tratamiento, los antipsicóticos atípicos de liberación prolongada constituyen una alternativa para el tratamiento de la esquizofrenia. En este análisis de costo-beneficio se compara un antipsicótico atípico de liberación prolongada (risperidona con dos medicamentos orales de nueva generación (olanzapina y clozapina y uno típico de depósito (pipotiazina.
Se empleó un modelo de árbol decisión que incorporó exclusivamente costos directos, desde la perspectiva de una EPS (“tercero pagador” y empleando las ivariables adherencia, recaídas con y sinhospitalización, y efectos adversos. Según el modelo, el empleo de risperidona inyectable de liberación prolongada durante un año de tratamiento, y de manera similar a la clozapina, ahorraría un millón de pesos al sistema al compararse con la olanzapina, y dos millones al compararse con la pipotiazina.
A esta ganancia en dinero con la risperidona inyectable se agregaría el beneficio directo e Indirecto para el paciente y su comunidad al reducir las recaídas.

Palabras clave: risperidona, depósito, antipsicóticos, esquizofrenia, costo-beneficio.

Summary

Due to the lower incidence of extrapyramidal side effects and greater adherence of patients to treatment, long-action atypical antipsychotics are an alternative for the treatment of schizophrenia. In this cost-benefit analysis we compare a long-action atypical antipsychotic (risperidone with two second-generation oral antipsychotics (olanzapine and clozapine and a “typical” prolonged action drug (pipotiazine.
We designed a decision tree that included only direct costs, from the third party payer perspective, using as main variables adherence, relapses with and without hospitalization, and side

Determinants of Oral Health: Does Oral Health Literacy Matter?

OpenAIRE

Naghibi Sistani, Mohammad Mehdi; Yazdani, Reza; Virtanen, Jorma; Pakdaman, Afsaneh; Murtomaa, Heikki

2013-01-01

Objective. To evaluate oral health literacy, independent of other oral health determinants, as a risk indicator for self-reported oral health. Methods. A cross-sectional population-based survey conducted in Tehran, Iran. Multiple logistic regression analysis served to estimate the predictive effect of oral health literacy on self-reported oral health status (good versus poor) controlling for socioeconomic and demographic factors and tooth-brushing behavior. Results. In all, among 1031 partici...

EVALUACIÓN DE LAS TÉCNICAS DE CEPILLADO DE BASS Y VERTICAL EN UN GRUPO DE PACIENTES EN TRATAMIENTO DE ORTODONCIA CON TÉCNICA MBT

OpenAIRE

Yelitza Ivone Baracaldo Ortíz; Fredy Alexander Cabuya Cabuya; Rubén Darío Hurtado Rozo; Edwin Emil Ricaurte Vila; Diana Constanza Gamboa Martínez; Liliana Carolina Báez Quintero

2012-01-01

Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de las técnicas de Cepillado de Bass y Vertical en pacientes con aparatología ortodóntica fija tratados con la técnica MBT. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio experimental “In vivo” aleatorizado doble ciego; la muestra fue de 100 personas distribuidas en dos grupos, a cada uno se le asignó una Técnica de Cepillado y se dieron instrucciones de higiene oral por medio de charlas personalizadas y por escrito. Se usó el índice de Sillnes y Löe para medir e...

Política de anticoncepción oral de emergencia: la experiencia peruana

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Eduardo A. Pretell-Zárate

2013-09-01

Full Text Available La anticoncepción oral de emergencia es parte del derecho sexual y reproductivo de la mujer. En el año 2001, esta política de salud fue incorporada en las Normas del Programa Nacional de Planificación Familiar del Ministerio de Salud, principalmente para prevenir el embarazo no deseado y sus graves consecuencias, el aborto inducido y la alta tasa de mortalidad materna que conlleva, los cuales constituyen importantes problemas de salud pública. La investigación científica ha confirmado que el principal mecanismo de acción del levonorgestrel, componente de la anticoncepción oral de emergencia (AOE, es inhibir o postergar la ovulación, evitando la fecundación del óvulo; adicionalmente incrementa el espesamiento del moco cervical que dificulta la migración espermática. Ningún estudio ha encontrado alteraciones endometriales que puedan interferir con la anidación del óvulo fecundado ni del desarrollo embrionario de un óvulo implantado. No obstante del soporte de la ciencia médica y del aval legal recibido, la AOE está disponible solo para usuarias con recursos económicos, pero su uso no se ha implementado plenamente en los servicios del sector público, debido a obstáculos generados por grupos opositores a la anticoncepción, aferrándose a un supuesto efecto abortivo que ha sido descartado científicamente. El presente artículo describe la experiencia administrativa y los enfrentamientos legales entre los grupos de poder que impiden la adecuada implementación de una política de anticoncepción oral de emergencia en el Perú.

Riesgo familiar total en familias con mujeres diagnosticadas con neoplasia de mama

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Nancy Cecilia Charrys-Bravo

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar el riesgo familiar total de las familias con mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer de mama, que asisten a un centro de salud oncológico en la ciudad de Barranquilla. Materiales y Métodos: El estudio fue de tipo descriptivo, transversal con abordaje cuantitativo. Se utilizó el instrumento Riesgo Familiar Total RFT 5-33. El universo estuvo conformado por familias con mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer en mama. La muestra fue de 41 familias que integraron a 154 miembros; se abordó el estudio de manera censal, y no por medio de una muestra, porque el acceso a la información de la totalidad de las familia fue viable. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que las familias, en su mayoría, son de tipo 2. El 68 % de las pacientes categorizan sus familias como amenazadas, el 5 % como familias de alto riesgo y un 27 % de las familias con un bajo riesgo. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos encontrados en esta investigación son importantes para las familias, lo cual permitirá establecer acciones y actividades que logren orientar e implementar procesos de atención específicos con el propósito de cuidar a las familias para que se mantengan sanos en un nivel de bajo riesgo; además, desarrollar controles y seguimiento a aquellas familias que se encuentran en un riesgo alto de amenazas, mediante acciones de promoción y prevención de la enfermedad de una manera amplia. Por lo anterior, se deben emprender programas más agresivos de prevención y promoción, especialmente con las familias que asisten en busca de apoyo médico para este padecimiento; de esta forma, se podrán diagnosticar los casos de forma temprana y proceder al respectivo tratamiento.

Detección del receptor de factor de crecimiento epidérmico en lesiones orales premalignas por relaxometría

OpenAIRE

Alonso Geli, Yamirka; De la Cruz, Enrique Reynaldo; Dutok Sánchez, Carlos M.; Álvarez Guerra, Eloy D

2014-01-01

Objetivo: detectar la sobreexpresión del receptor de factor de crecimiento epidérmico en células epiteliales de lesiones premalignas de la mucosa bucal, marcadas magnéticamente por relaxometría. Métodos: las células exfoliadas de mucosa oral de individuos sanos y enfermos se marcaron con el sistema: IgG anti-EGF-R biotinilada/IgG anti-biotina conjugada con partículas superparamagnéticas y se midieron los tiempos de relajación T1 y T2. Resultados: disminuyeron los tiempos de relajación (T1 y T...

REDUCCIÓN DE ÓXIDOSDE NITROGENO CON CATALIZADORES ZEOLÍTICOS INTERCAMBIADOS CON COBALTO

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Enrique Alexis García Moya

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Se presenta un estudio sobre la reducción catalítica selectiva (RCS de NOx con metano en presencia de oxígeno en exceso con varios catalizadores a base de las zeolitas mordenita, ferrierita y ZSM-5 intercambiadas con diferentes cargas de cobalto y con las correspondientes zeolitas en forma acida. Cuando la mezcla reactiva contenía mayormente NO2 en lugar de NO, los catalizadores ácidos mostraron las más altas velocidades de formación de N2 en condiciones secas. Las mayores actividades se obtuvieron con los catalizadores Co-mordenita, siguiendo en orden de actividad los catalizadores Co-Ferrierita y Co-ZSM-5. El catalizador Co-Mordenita más activo se ensayó con una mezcla reactiva donde predominó el NO en lugar del NO2 bajo condiciones secas e hidrotérmicas y en presencia de SO2. Con la adición de 8% de agua a la mezcla de reacción se observó desactivación reversible, especialmente a bajas temperaturas. La adición de 60 ppm de SO2 disminuyó la velocidad de reacción aproximadamente a la mitad debido posiblemente al envenenamiento de algunos sitios activos.

Niveles de dolor y tolerancia a la biopsia endometrial, con ibuprofeno

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Juan Carlos Palomino Baldeon

2003-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Comparar los niveles de dolor y tolerancia a la biopsia endometrial con la cureta de Novak (Rígida, en pacientes que reciben Ibuprofeno 800mg vs placebo, 30 a 45 min. antes del procedimiento. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio ensayo clínico, doble ciego, randomizado y comparativo. Se incluyerón 25 pacientes por grupo de tratamiento quienes recibieron dos cápsulas de Ibuprofeno de 400mg vo o dos cápsulas de placebo vo según corresponda. Se comparó entre ambos grupos, datos de filiación, antecedentes gineco-obstétricos, motivo de la biopsia de endometrio y finalmente valoración de su experiencia de dolor y tolerancia al procedimiento. Resultados: En poblaciones comparables al evaluar la variable dolor se encuentra que existe diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los valores de dolor del grupo que recibió Ibuprofeno (Mediana 45mm contra el grupo que recibió placebo (Mediana 65mm con un p=0.0137. No se encuentra diferencia en cuento a la valoración de la tolerancia entre el grupo que recibió Ibuprofeno (Mediana 37mm contra el grupo que recibió placebo (53mm con un p=0.23. Conclusión: Se concluye que la utilización de 800mg de Ibuprofeno vía oral 30 a 45 minutos antes de la biopsia endometrial en pacientes mayores de 44 años disminuye su experiencia de dolor durante el procedimiento. (Rev Med Hered 2003; 14: 122-127.

El cine en E/LE: explotación didáctica de “Te doy mis ojos” (Icíar Bollaín, 2003 para el trabajo del español oral (conversacional y coloquial

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Carmen Azuar Bonastre

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo primordial de esta propuesta es propiciar el desarrollo y aprendizaje del lenguaje oral (conversacional y coloquial por medio del material cinematográfico.La destreza oral suele ser el objetivo último de todo estudiante; en ésta, el dominio delos recursos de la conversación, que es el prototipo discursivo de lo oral, se hacen imprescindibles, así como los del lenguaje coloquial, variedad más auténtica de lo oral,con suma frecuencia de uso en el español actual.

Evaluación breve del lenguaje oral en adultos mediante la batería de neuropsicología cognitiva: NEUROBEL

OpenAIRE

Adrian-Torres, Jose Antonio

2015-01-01

La batería NEUROBEL (Batería breve de evaluación del lenguaje oral en adultos) es una nueva prueba de evaluación de sondeo (screening), que ha sido publicada recientemente en España con los valores de un estudio piloto pensada para profesionales que necesiten una valoración, en un corto periodo de tiempo, de los principales procesos implicados en el lenguaje oral desde paradigmas psicolingüísticos. La batería NEUROBEL puede considerarse una versión abreviada de otras baterías más largas de ev...

Gingivitis prevalence associated to oral hygiene, familiar income, and time passed since the last dental appointment in a group of Mexican adolescents

OpenAIRE

Murrieta-Pruneda, José Francisco; Juárez-López, Lilia Adriana; Linares-Vieyra, Celia; Zurita-Murillo, Violeta; Meléndez-Ocampo, Arcelia F.; Ávila-Martínez, Claudia Raquel; Nava-Delgado, Claudia Maricela

2008-01-01

Introducción. La gingivitis es considerada la entidad más común de las enfermedades periodontales. El presente estudio tuvo como propósito evaluar la prevalencia de gingivitis en un grupo de adolescentes y su posible asociación con la calidad de higiene oral, el ingreso familiar y el tiempo transcurrido desde la última consulta dental. Métodos. Se estudió una población de 677 adolescentes. Para la encuesta se calibraron dos examinadores para el levantamiento del índice de higiene oral simplif...

Terapias alternativas con animales para niños con necesidades especiales

OpenAIRE

Cea-Chueca, Aihnoa

2014-01-01

El presente trabajo de fin de grado consiste en la realización de un análisis y descripción de la literatura acerca de las distintas terapias animales, destinadas a niños con necesidades especiales: cómo y por qué surgieron, en qué consisten las terapias, cómo podemos utilizarlas, etc. Las terapias alternativas con animales se conocen como una alternativa terapéutica, donde se utiliza a un animal como co-terapeuta para poder desarrollar diferentes capacidades de los niños con necesidades espe...

Evaluation of mast cell counts and microvessel density in reactive lesions of the oral cavity

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Maryam Kouhsoltani

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Background. Reliable immunohistochemical assays to assess the definitive role of mast cells (MCs and angiogenesis in the pathogenesis of oral reactive lesions are generally not available. The aim of the present study was to evaluate mast cell counts (MCC and microvessel density (MVD in oral reactive lesions and determine the correlation between MCC and MVD. Methods. Seventy-five cases of reactive lesions of the oral cavity, including pyogenic granuloma, fibroma, peripheral giant cell granuloma, inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia, peripheral ossifying fibroma (15 for each category were immunohisto-chemically stained with MC tryptase and CD31. Fifteen cases of normal gingival tissue were considered as the control group. The mean MCC and MVD in superficial and deep connective tissues were assessed and total MCC and MVD was computed for each lesion. Results. Statistically significant differences were observed in MCC and MVD between the study groups (P < 0.001. MC tryptase and CD31 expression increased in the superficial connective tissue of each lesion in comparison to the deep con-nective tissue. A significant negative correlation was not found between MCC and MVD in oral reactive lesions (P < 0.001, r = -0.458. Conclusion. Although MCs were present in the reactive lesions of the oral cavity, a direct correlation between MCC and MVD was not found in these lesions. Therefore, a significant interaction between MCs and endothelial cells and an active role for MCs in the growth of oral reactive lesions was not found in this study.

Betel nut chewing, oral premalignant lesions, and the oral microbiome.

Science.gov (United States)

Hernandez, Brenda Y; Zhu, Xuemei; Goodman, Marc T; Gatewood, Robert; Mendiola, Paul; Quinata, Katrina; Paulino, Yvette C

2017-01-01

Oral cancers are attributed to a number of causal agents including tobacco, alcohol, human papillomavirus (HPV), and areca (betel) nut. Although betel nut chewing has been established as an independent cause of oral cancer, the mechanisms of carcinogenesis are poorly understood. An investigation was undertaken to evaluate the influence of betel nut chewing on the oral microbiome and oral premalignant lesions. Study participants were recruited from a dental clinic in Guam. Structured interviews and oral examinations were performed. Oral swabbing and saliva samples were evaluated by 454 pyrosequencing of the V3- V5 region of the 16S rRNA bacterial gene and genotyped for HPV. One hundred twenty-two adults were enrolled including 64 current betel nut chewers, 37 former chewers, and 21 with no history of betel nut use. Oral premalignant lesions, including leukoplakia and submucous fibrosis, were observed in 10 chewers. Within-sample bacterial diversity was significantly lower in long-term (≥10 years) chewers vs. never chewers and in current chewers with oral lesions vs. individuals without lesions. Between-sample bacterial diversity based on Unifrac distances significantly differed by chewing status and oral lesion status. Current chewers had significantly elevated levels of Streptococcus infantis and higher and lower levels of distinct taxa of the Actinomyces and Streptococcus genera. Long-term chewers had reduced levels of Parascardovia and Streptococcus. Chewers with oral lesions had significantly elevated levels of Oribacterium, Actinomyces, and Streptococcus, including Streptococcus anginosus. In multivariate analyses, controlling for smoking, oral HPV, S.anginosus, and S. infantis levels, current betel nut chewing remained the only predictor of oral premalignant lesions. Our study provides evidence that betel nut chewing alters the oral bacterial microbiome including that of chewers who develop oral premalignant lesions. Nonetheless, whether microbial changes

Carcinoma fusocelular de cavidad oral: Revisión de 9 casos Spindle cell carcinoma of the oral cavity: A review of 9 cases

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G. Gómez Oliveira

2006-02-01

Full Text Available El carcinoma fusocelular es una variedad maligna y poco frecuente del carcinoma de células escamosas. Es una tumoración constituida por una doble proliferación celular: una sarcomatosa de células fusocelulares y otra carcinomatosa de células epiteliales. Aunque puede afectar a cualquier parte del organismo, es más frecuente encontrarla en vías aerodigestivas superiores. Afecta con mayor frecuencia a varones entre la 6ª y 7ª décadas de la vida. Tiene un comportamiento agresivo con tendencia a la recurrencia. El alcohol y tabaco han sido identificados como los factores de riesgo más importantes. Su diagnóstico histológico es complicado y muchas veces es necesario recurrir a técnicas de inmunohistoquímica y al uso del microscopio electrónico. En la actualidad, se le atribuye un origen epitelial. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar una revisión de 9 casos de carcinoma fusocelular localizados en cavidad oral recogidos en nuestro servicio entre los años 1985 a 2004, describiendo su comportamiento clínico y tratando de comprender la patogenia de esta controvertida estirpe tumoral.Spindle cell carcinoma is a malignant and rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma. The histological pattern is composed of a double cell proliferation: a sarcomatous component made up of spindle-shaped cells and a carcinomatous component made up of epithelial cells. Nearly all the anatomy of the body can be affected by these tumors although the most common location is the upper aerodigestive tract. With regard to sex distribution, it is more frequent in males than in females in their sixth and seventh decades of life. Its behavior is aggressive and it tends to recur after treatment. The most important risk factors are alcohol and tobacco. The histological diagnosis is complicated, so immunohistochemical techniques and the use of electron microscopy are usually necessary. Nowadays, its epithelial origin is accepted. The aim of this article is to report a

Oral biopsy: Oral pathologist′s perspective

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K L Kumaraswamy

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Many oral lesions may need to be diagnosed by removing a sample of tissue from the oral cavity. Biopsy is widely used in the medical field, but the practice is not quite widespread in dental practice. As oral pathologists, we have found many artifacts in the tissue specimen because of poor biopsy technique or handling, which has led to diagnostic pitfalls and misery to both the patient and the clinician. This article aims at alerting the clinicians about the clinical faults arising preoperatively, intraoperatively and postoperatively while dealing with oral biopsy that may affect the histological assessment of the tissue and, therefore, the diagnosis. It also reviews the different techniques, precautions and special considerations necessary for specific lesions.

Perceived oral health, oral self-care habits and dental attendance ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Perceived oral health, oral self-care habits and dental attendance among pregnant women in Benin-City, Nigeria. ... Results: The majority of the respondents (81.7%) rated their oral health as excellent/good using the global oral health rating scale. Seventy one percent of the respondents did not change their oral self-care ...

Oral cancer screening practices of oral health professionals in Australia.

Science.gov (United States)

Mariño, Rodrigo; Haresaku, Satoru; McGrath, Roisin; Bailey, Denise; Mccullough, Michael; Musolino, Ross; Kim, Boaz; Chinnassamy, Alagesan; Morgan, Michael

2017-12-15

To evaluate oral cancer-related screening practices of Oral Health Professionals (OHPs - dentists, dental hygienists, dental therapists, and oral health therapists) practising in Victoria, Australia. A 36-item survey was distributed to 3343 OHPs. Items included socio-demographic and work-related characteristics; self-assessed knowledge of oral cancer; perceived level of confidence in discussing oral health behaviors with patients; oral cancer screening practices; and self-evaluated need for additional training on screening procedures for oral cancer. A total of 380 OHPs responded this survey, achieving an overall response rate of 9.4%. Forty-five were excluded from further analysis. Of these 335 OHP, 72% were dentists; (n = 241); either GDP or Dental Specialists; 13.7% (n = 46) were dental hygienists; 12.2% (n = 41) were oral health therapists, and the remaining 2.1% (n = 7) were dental therapists. While the majority (95.2%) agreed that oral cancer screening should be routinely performed, in actual practice around half (51.4%) screened all their patients. Another 12.8% "Very rarely" conducted screening examinations. The probability of routinely conducting an oral cancer screening was explored utilising Logistic Regression Analysis. Four variables remained statistically significant (p oral cancer screening rose with increasing levels of OHPs' confidence in oral cancer-related knowledge (OR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.09-1.67) and with higher levels of confidence in discussing oral hygiene practices with patients (OR = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.03-1.52). Results also showed that dental specialists were less likely to perform oral cancer screening examinations compared with other OHPs (OR = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.07-0.52) and the likelihood of performing an oral cancer screening decreased when the "patient complained of a problem" (OR = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.10-0.44). Only half the study sample performed oral cancer screening examinations for all of their patients

Oral Cancer Screening

Science.gov (United States)

... decrease the risk of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer. Oral cavity, pharyngeal, and laryngeal cancer are diseases in ... and treatment of oral cavity, pharyngeal, and laryngeal cancer: Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancer Prevention Lip and Oral ...

Inequalities in oral health and oral health promotion

OpenAIRE

Moysés, Samuel Jorge

2012-01-01

This article offers a critical review of the problem of inequalities in oral health and discusses strategies for disease prevention and oral health promotion. It shows that oral health is not merely a result of individual biological, psychological, and behavioral factors; rather, it is the sum of collective social conditions created when people interact with the social environment. Oral health status is directly related to socioeconomic position across the socioeconomic gradient in almost all...

La ciclooxigenasa-2 (COX-2 y el factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EFG en lesiones epiteliales orales premalignas Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2 and epidermal growth factor (EGF in oral premalignant epithelial lesions

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S. Díaz Prado

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Las lesiones premalignas orales incluyen eritroplasias (manchas rojas y leucoplasias (manchas blancas, las cuales se desarrollan a lo largo de superficies epiteliales. Estas lesiones son considerados marcadores en la "carcinogénesis de campo" ya que pacientes con lesiones premalignas orales pueden desarrollar carcinoma de células escamosas (CCS en el sitio de las lesiones, así como en otros lugares de tracto aerodigestivo superior. Se está haciendo un gran esfuerzo para identificar nuevos biomarcadores SEBs (surrogate endpoint biomarkers para el carcinoma de células escamosas de cabeza y cuello. Los SEBs candidatos para el carcinoma de células escamosas invasivo en el trato aerodigestivo superior deben ser detectables con los cambios moleculares celulares y tisulares que tienen lugar durante la formación del tumor. Entre los diferentes marcadores que se han propuesto hasta la actualidad, la ciclooxigenasa- 2 (COX-2 y el receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EGFR parecen ser los más prometedores. COX-2 se sobre expresa durante el proceso tumoral, desde hiperplasia temprana a enfermedad metastásica. EGFR también está anormalmente activado en tumores epiteliales, pues las células de casi todas estas neoplasias expresan altos niveles de este receptor, una característica asociada con un peor pronóstico clínico. En este sentido el tracto aerodigestivo superior proporciona un sistema o modelo único para el estudio de CCS y para la investigación de nuevos candidatos SEBs.Oral premalignant lesions include leukoplakia (white patch and erythroplakia (red patch, which develop on epithelial surfaces. These lesions are markers for field cancerization because patients with oral premalignancy can develop squamous cell carcinoma at the site of the lesion(s and at other sites in the upper aerodigestive tract. An effort is being made to identify surrogate endpoint biomarkers (SEBs for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC

The relationship between oral hygiene and oral colonisation with Candida species.

Science.gov (United States)

Muzurovic, Selma; Babajic, Emina; Masic, Tarik; Smajic, Rubina; Selmanagic, Aida

2012-01-01

The aim of this study is to determine relationship between oral hygiene and colonisation of Candia species in oral cavity. Maintenance oral hygiene is reducing pathological agents in the mouth and preventing violation of oral health. Study included 140 patients. For oral hygiene assessement were used the dental plaque index, oral hygiene index and dental calculus index. Ph test strips were used to determine pH of saliva. For isolation of Candida species oral swabs were taken to all patients. It was found out that pH of oral cavity does not varies notably, no matter of oral hygiene level. Candida species were identified in 28.6% respondents. The most present were Candida albicans, in 85% cases. The presence of plaque, tartar and high index oral hygiene (IOH) in patients with Candida is statistically significant. It was found that 83.4% of patients with Candida poorly maintained oral hygiene. Poor oral hygiene is associated with a significantly higher score in the presence of tartar, plaque and high IOH. In total patient's population 67% has amalgam fillings. Presence of amalgam fillings in patients with identified Candida was statistically significant. This study indicates low level of oral hygiene. Correlation between presence of Candida species and poor oral hygiene was proved. Also Candida was more present among patients with amalgam fillings. Improvement of oral hygiene is necessery for oral health and health in general, as well.

Variables socionutricionales de hogares mazahuas integrados por preescolares desnutridos con madres con obesidad y sin obesidad

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Conzuelo González, Viridiana Vanessa

2009-01-01

Full Text Available El primer objetivo fue conocer cuántos menores de cinco años con diferentes grados de desnutrición tienen una madre con sobrepeso/obesidad/ en una comunidad indígena que vive en extrema pobreza y bajo condiciones de migración masculina internacional. El segundo fue comparar tres variables socionutricionales (ingreso familiar, educación de la madre y adecuación nutrimental de la dieta diaria entre estos hogares y los hogares con desnutrición infantil y madres sin obesidad. Se realizó un estudio transversal (2006-2007, en la comunidad mazahua de San Francisco Tepeolulco, Municipio de Temascalcingo; que incluyó a 85 hogares integrados por preescolares con desnutrición inscritos al programa Oportunidades. Se determinó el estado nutrición de los preescolares con indicadores antropométricos y se obtuvo el IMC de las madres de estos infantes. Se aplicó una encuesta socionutricional, incluida el recordatorio de 24 horas, y complementado con la observación participante (cualitativa. Se encontró que 83% de las madres mazahuas presentaron sobrepeso u obesidad. El estado de nutrición de los preescolares con madres con obesidad presentó un porcentaje mayor de desnutrición (76%. En la variable género, se encontró que 54% de los niños con madres con obesidad tenía baja talla. Al relacionar el nivel educativo de la madre, esta variable resultó ser estadísticamente significativa (p=0.015, donde el analfabetismo está más relacionado con la desnutrición infantil que tienen madres de bajo y/o peso normal. La elevada prevalencia de hogares conformados con preescolares con desnutrición y madres con obesidad, es un síntoma más de la pobreza en zonas indígenas en México, con bajo índice de desarrollo humano.

Factores metabólicos asociados con la progresión hacia la diabetes mellitus en sujetos con tolerancia a la glucosa alterada Metabolic factors associated with the progression of diabetes mellitus in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance

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Roberto M. González Suárez

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio prospectivo en 84 pacientes con tolerancia a la glucosa alterada (TGA, diagnosticada 18 años antes, para identificar factores metabólicos identificados en el estudio inicial, que pudieran estar asociados a la progresión hacia la diabetes mellitus (DM detectada en el estudio evolutivo. Como factores de riesgo metabólicos se consideraron la gravedad del trastorno de la tolerancia a la glucosa, la disminución o incremento de la secreción de insulina en ayunas y durante una PTG oral, así como la resistencia a la insulina detectada en ayunas o durante la PTG, todos ellos determinados con métodos y criterios de interpretación previamente establecidos y validados. Se encontró que la presencia de una baja respuesta insulínica inicial (II0-30 disminuido se asocia significativamente con la progresión hacia la diabetes en el grupo de sujetos con TGA estudiados. Este hallazgo es consistente en todos los aspectos del fenómeno evaluado (valores absolutos de las variables en los grupos de sujetos clasificados de acuerdo con su evolución, riesgo de evolución hacia la DM y tiempo hasta el diagnóstico de DM y está de acuerdo con el criterio de que el factor genéticamente determinado que condiciona el desarrollo de la DM es un defecto de la capacidad inicial de respuesta insulinosecretora a los cambios de la glicemia.A prospective study was conducted in 84 patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT diagnosed 18 years before to identify metabolic factors found in the initial study that could be associated with the progression to diabetes mellitus (DM detected in the evolutive study. The severity of the glucose tolerance disorder, the reduction or increase of insulin secretion on fasting or during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT, as well as the resistance to insulin detected on fasting or during the OGTT, were considered as risk factors. All of them were determined by methods and criteria of interpretation that were

Effect of Fixed Metallic Oral Appliances on Oral Health.

Science.gov (United States)

Alnazzawi, Ahmad

2018-01-01

There is a substantial proportion of the population using fixed metallic oral appliances, such as crowns and bridges, which are composed of various dental alloys. These restorations may be associated with a number of effects on oral health with variable degrees of severity, to review potential effects of using fixed metallic oral appliances, fabricated from various alloys. The MEDLINE/PubMed database was searched using certain combinations of keywords related to the topic. The search revealed that burning mouth syndrome, oral pigmentation, hypersensitivity and lichenoid reactions, and genotoxic and cytotoxic effects are the major potential oral health changes associated with fixed prosthodontic appliances. Certain oral disorders are associated with the use of fixed metallic oral appliances. Patch test is the most reliable method that can be applied for identifying metal allergy, and the simultaneous use of different alloys in the mouth is discouraged.

Dental management of the complications of radio and chemotherapy in oral cancer

OpenAIRE

Caribé Gomes, Fabiana; Chimenos Küstner, Eduardo; López López, José, 1958-; Finestres Zubeldia, Fernando; Guix Melcior, Benjamín

2003-01-01

El cáncer más comúnmente encontrado en la cavidad oral es el carcinoma de células escamosas o epidermoide, que constituye, aproximadamente, el 5% de todas las neoplasias. Desafortunadamente, la gran mayoría de estos tumores son diagnosticados en estadios que exigen la instauración de tratamientos quirúrgicos, radioterapia y quimioterapia. La radioterapia se presenta como una importante opción en la terapéutica de los tumores bucales, pudiendo ser empleada sola o en combinación con la cirugía ...

Entender el lenguaje oral : la diferencia entre escuchar y oír

OpenAIRE

Universidad del Rosario, Programa de Divulgación Científica; Universidad del Rosario, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud

2012-01-01

En el mundo, muchos niños, jóvenes y adultos pueden oír, pero no escuchar, lo cual afecta su calidad de vida. Debido a esta dificultad, que se conoce como Desorden de Procesamiento Auditivo Central (DPAC), afrontan diferentes problemas: pobre comprensión del lenguaje oral, respuestas inapropiadas a las preguntas que se les formulan, necesidad de evitar distracciones, dificultad para seguir la información que se dicta en el aula y tomar apuntes. De acuerdo con estos síntomas y signos, este...

Presencia de pautas narrativas de la tradición oral y popular en Cartucho de Nellie Campobello

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Marco González, Ana

2013-06-01

Full Text Available This article examines the presence of discursive and symbolic patterns from Hispanic oral tradition in one of the most significant narratives of the Mexican Revolution, Nellie Campobello’s Cartucho (1931. With a view to offering a subjective, community and regionalist picture of the fights between villistas and carrancistas in the north of Mexico, the author decided to reproduce stories passed on to her by relatives and neighbours, thus creating a deeply polyphonic and testimonial tale. Hence, orality gives shape to a text where the dialogue with literary forms of the Mexican folklore is highly discernible. Particularly relevant is the dialogue maintained by Cartucho with such an outstanding expression of the ballad tradition as the corrido, which is incorporated into the prose through direct quotation, as well as through the reproduction of its typical language and poetics.Este trabajo examina la presencia de estrategias discursivas y representacionales propias de la tradición oral hispánica en uno de los testimonios más sobresalientes del ciclo narrativo de la Revolución Mexicana como es Cartucho (1931, de Nellie Campobello. En su voluntad de ofrecer una visión subjetiva, comunitaria y regionalista de las luchas entre villistas y carrancistas en el norte de México, la autora optó por reproducir historias que le habían sido transmitidas por familiares y vecinos, dando con ello lugar a un relato marcadamente polifónico y testimonial. La voz condiciona así de manera indeleble un texto en el que es perceptible además el diálogo con formas literarias del folclore mexicano, en particular con un representante destacado del género baladístico como el corrido, el cual es convocado en la prosa tanto por medio de la cita directa como por la mímesis de su poética y su lenguaje característicos.

Afecciones de la mucosa oral encontradas en pacientes geriátricos portadores de prótesis estomatológicas Oral mucosa diseases found in geriatric patients wearing dentures

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Yensi Díaz Martell

2007-09-01

Full Text Available La salud bucal debe ser vista como componente de la calidad de vida, especialmente en la población geriátrica, cada vez más numerosa. El uso de prótesis durante largos períodos de tiempo por parte de estos pacientes, sin que sean cambiadas periódicamente, puede generar dolor e inestabilidad durante la masticación, factores que conjuntamente con otros, pueden provocar el desarrollo de lesiones en los tejidos que están en contacto con el aparato protésico. Se realiza este estudio con el objetivo de determinar la prevalencia de algunas patologías bucales y su relación con el uso de la prótesis dental. La muestra de esta investigación estuvo constituida por 68 pacientes de 60 años y más, portadores de prótesis y que presentaban las lesiones objeto de estudio, entre las que se observa com mayor frecuencia la estomatitis subprótesis, con 24 pacientes para el 35,29 % de los casos, y que se encontró fundamentalmente en pacientes que han usado la prótesis por un largo período de tiempo y que estas se encontraban desajustadas. Teniendo en cuenta los resultados obtenidos, consideramos que se deben tomar las medidas necesarias para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de estas patologías, así como para lograr el control de los factores que las provocan.Oral health must be seen as an element of the quality of life, especially in the ever increasing older population. The use of dentures for long periods of time by aged patients, without these being regularly changed, may cause pain and instability during mastication. This together with other factors may lead to the onset of lesions in tissues that are in contact with the denture. This study was made to determine the prevalence of some oral pathologies and their relationship with denture. The sample was made up of sixty eight patients aged 60 years and over, who were denture wearers and presented with the lesions under study, mainly denture stomatitis that affected 24 patients accounting for 35

[Oral microbiota: a promising predictor of human oral and systemic diseases].

Science.gov (United States)

Xin, Xu; Junzhi, He; Xuedong, Zhou

2015-12-01

A human oral microbiota is the ecological community of commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic microorganisms found in human oral cavity. Oral microbiota exists mostly in the form of a biofilm and maintains a dynamic ecological equilibrium with the host body. However, the disturbance of this ecological balance inevitably causes oral infectious diseases, such as dental caries, apical periodontitis, periodontal diseases, pericoronitis, and craniofacial bone osteomyelitis. Oral microbiota is also correlated with many systemic diseases, including cancer, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, and preterm birth. Hence, oral microbiota has been considered as a potential biomarker of human diseases. The "Human Microbiome Project" and other metagenomic projects worldwide have advanced our knowledge of the human oral microbiota. The integration of these metadata has been the frontier of oral microbiology to improve clinical translation. By reviewing recent progress on studies involving oral microbiota-related oral and systemic diseases, we aimed to propose the essential role of oral microbiota in the prediction of the onset, progression, and prognosis of oral and systemic diseases. An oral microbiota-based prediction model helps develop a new paradigm of personalized medicine and benefits the human health in the post-metagenomics era.

Role of oral microbiome on oral cancers, a review.

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Gholizadeh, Pourya; Eslami, Hosein; Yousefi, Mehdi; Asgharzadeh, Mohammad; Aghazadeh, Mohammad; Kafil, Hossein Samadi

2016-12-01

The oral cavity is inhibited by many of the bacterial species. Some of them have a key role in the development of oral disease. Interrelationships between oral microbiome and systemic conditions such as head-and-neck cancer have become increasingly appreciated in recent years. Emerging evidence also suggests a link between periodontal disease and oral cancer, and the explanation being that chronic inflammation could be a major factor in both diseases. Squamous cell carcinoma is that the most frequently occurring malignancy of the oral cavity and adjacent sites, representing over 90% of all cancers. The incidence of oral cancer is increasing, significantly among young people and women. Worldwide there are 350,000-400,000 new cases diagnosed every year. Bacteria, viruses, and fungi are strongly implicated as etiological factors in certain cancers. In this review we will discuss the association between the development of oral cancer in potentially malignant oral lesions with chronic periodontitis, chronic Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, candida, other microbes and described mechanisms which may be involved in these carcinoma. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Strengthening of Oral Health Systems: Oral Health through Primary Health Care

Science.gov (United States)

Petersen, Poul Erik

2014-01-01

Around the globe many people are suffering from oral pain and other problems of the mouth or teeth. This public health problem is growing rapidly in developing countries where oral health services are limited. Significant proportions of people are underserved; insufficient oral health care is either due to low availability and accessibility of oral health care or because oral health care is costly. In all countries, the poor and disadvantaged population groups are heavily affected by a high burden of oral disease compared to well-off people. Promotion of oral health and prevention of oral diseases must be provided through financially fair primary health care and public health intervention. Integrated approaches are the most cost-effective and realistic way to close the gap in oral health between rich and poor. The World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Programme will work with the newly established WHO Collaborating Centre, Kuwait University, to strengthen the development of appropriate models for primary oral health care. PMID:24525450

Oral symptoms and salivary findings in oral lichen planus, oral lichenoid lesions and stomatitis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Larsen, Kristine Roen; Johansen, Jeanne Duus; Reibel, Jesper

2017-01-01

BACKGROUND: To examine if patients with oral lichen planus, oral lichenoid lesions and generalised stomatitis and concomitant contact allergy have more frequent and severe xerostomia, lower unstimulated and chewing-stimulated saliva and citric-acid-stimulated parotid saliva flow rates, and higher...... of xerostomia, clinical examination, sialometry, mucosal biopsy and contact allergy testing. RESULTS: Nineteen patients had oral lichen planus, 19 patients had oral lichenoid lesions and 11 patients had generalised stomatitis. 38.8% had contact allergy. Xerostomia was significantly more common and severe...... in the chewing stimulated saliva samples from patients when compared to healthy controls. The differences were not significant and they were irrespective of the presence of contact allergy. CONCLUSION: Xerostomia is prevalent in patients with oral lichen planus, lichenoid lesions and generalised stomatitis...

Respiración oral y traumatismo dentoalveolar en niños de 6 a 14 años

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Macarena de los Ángeles González Acuña

Full Text Available Introducción: el trauma dentoalveolar corresponde a una lesión traumática de alta prevalencia, elevado costo de tratamiento y efectos negativos a nivel funcional, estético y psicológico. Existen factores predisponentes de traumatismo dentoalveolar que coinciden con ciertas características de niños respiradores orales, sin embargo, el rol de la respiración oral como factor predisponente no está claramente determinado. Objetivo: determinar la asociación entre respiración oral y trauma dentoalveolar controlando por otras covariables en niños de 6 a 14 años. Métodos: se aplicó un estudio de casos y controles 1:2. La muestra quedó constituida por 57 casos y 113 controles asumiendo un nivel de confianza del 95 %, una potencia del 80 % y un 10 % de pérdidas. Los casos correspondieron a niños de 6 a 14 años de edad ingresados por TDA a la Unidad de Odontopediatría del Hospital "Dr. Sótero del Río", centro de referencia que atiende a una población de 1 521 144 habitantes de la capital. Los controles correspondieron a niños voluntarios sin TDA del mismo centro asistencial y grupo etario. Los datos fueron recolectados a partir de una entrevista, además de la medición clínica y observación directa para determinar el modo respiratorio. Para diferencias entre grupos se aplicó prueba de Fisher y Mann Whitney. La asociación entre respiración oral y trauma dentoalveolar se evaluó a partir de un modelo logístico considerando sexo, resalte y edad. Resultados: la prevalencia de niños respiradores orales fue mayor en los casos con un 47,4 % (p 0,05 como para ninguna de las covariables del modelo. Conclusiones: respirar a través de la cavidad oral no constituiría un aumento del riesgo de sufrir un trauma dentoalveolar durante un golpe o caída en los niños estudiados.

Conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem sobre higiene oral em pacientes criticamente enfermos El conocimiento del equipo de enfermería sobre higiene oral en pacientes críticamente enfermos Nursing staff's knowledge about oral care in critically ill patients

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Gabrielli Mottes Orlandini

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem, que realizam ou supervisionam os cuidados de higiene oral em pacientes críticos e, secundariamente, verificar como julgam o cuidado prestado. Estudo exploratório, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, por meio de instrumento elaborado pelos autores, aplicado a enfermeiros e técnicos que atuam em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI de médio porte de Porto Alegre. Os resultados mostram que 50% dos enfermeiros e 72,8% dos técnicos concordam que a higiene oral no paciente crítico é importante, mas não há relação com a pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica (PAVM. Da amostra, 16,6% dos enfermeiros e 66,6% dos técnicos de enfermagem concordam que a rotina da instituição é adequada, sendo que 66,6% dos enfermeiros e 30,7% dos técnicos indicam novas práticas. Isso nos sugere que a higiene oral em pacientes internados não tem constituído uma preocupação evidente, tanto na assistência quanto nas práticas de educação em saúde.El objetivo fue evaluar el conocimiento de los profesionales de enfermería que realizan o supervisan el cuidado de la higiene oral en pacientes críticos y, en segundo lugar, para ver cómo juzgar la atención proporcionada. Estudio exploratorio descriptivo con enfoque cuantitativo, usando un instrumento desarrollado por los autores, aplicado a los enfermeros y técnicos que trabajan en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI de un hospital de tamaño mediano de la ciudad de Porto Alegre. Los resultados muestran que el 50% de los enfermeros y el 72,8% de los técnicos concuerdan que la higiene bucal en los pacientes críticos es importante, pero no hay ninguna relación con la neumonía asociada al ventilador (NAV. De la muestra, el 16,6% de los enfermeros y el 66,6% de los técnicos de enfermería concuerdan que la rutina de la institución es adecuada, mientras que el 66,6% de los enfermeros y el 30,7% de los técnicos indican

La actuación del profesor para el desarrollo de habilidades de expresión oral en estudiantes universitarios: resultados de una estrategia didáctica

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Dania Rosa León Meneses

2007-12-01

Full Text Available La mayoría de los estudiantes arriban al nível superior con dificultades de comunicación oral y escrita, carencia que afecta su permanência en los diferentes cursos. También es común que el cuerpo docente no posea La preparación para ofrecer tratamiento adecuado a esta necesidad de formación de los profesionales. En el artículo se ofrecen los resultados de la aplicación de una estratégia didáctica para el desarrollo de habilidades de expresión oral en estudiantes atletas de la Facultad de Cultura Física de Sancti Spiritus, Cuba. Se combina la preparación de los profesores y las acciones transversales realizadas por el colectivo pedagógico para La superación de deficiencias en la construcción oral. En las conclusiones de la investigación se revela la pertinencia de la estrategia para el desarrollo de la expresión oral en alumnos universitarios, así como la satisfacción de estudiantes y profesores con las acciones realizadas. La estrategia puede ser adaptada y recontextualizada para su implementación en otras facultades o carreras universitarias, como parte de un esfuerzo conjunto de los docentes para la mejora continua de la formación de los egresados

Terapia regenerativa con plasma rico en plaquetas en pacientes con quemaduras

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María del Carmen Franco Mora

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio comparativo, longitudinal y prospectivo de 60 adultos con quemaduras profundas, atendidos en el Hospital General docente "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, desde febrero de 2013 hasta igual mes de 2014, para evaluar la efectividad de la terapia regenerativa con plasma rico en plaquetas para la cicatrización de estas lesiones. La muestra fue dividida en 2 grupos de 30 integrantes cada uno: a los del primero se les aplicó plasma rico en plaquetas y a los del segundo sulfadiazina de plata. Se utilizaron las frecuencias absolutas y el porcentaje como medidas de resumen para variables cualitativos, así como la media aritmética y la desviación estándar para las cuantitativas. Con el proceder aplicado la cicatrización se completó en un tiempo menor, de manera que se demostró la efectividad de esta alternativa terapéutica en relación con el tratamiento convencional

Neurilemomas de cavidad oral y cuello Neurilemmomas of the oral cavity and the neck

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J.A. García de Marcos

2004-12-01

Full Text Available Los neurilemomas son tumores neurogénicos benignos, con origen en la vaina neural. De los neurilemomas extracraneales, aproximadamente un 25 a un 45% ocurren en cabeza y cuello. La edad de afectación predominante es entre la tercera y la cuarta décadas de vida. El neurilemoma es un tumor claramente circunscrito y, generalmente, de pequeño tamaño. Clínicamente aparece como una masa de crecimiento lento y gradual. El examen microscópico es necesario para el diagnóstico. El tratamiento de elección es la escisión quirúrgica completa tumoral y después de ésta es muy rara su recurrencia. El propósito de este artículo es presentar un estudio retrospectivo, de nueve casos, de neurilemomas de cavidad oral y cuello, tratados en nuestro servicio de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial, entre 1997 y 2001. Hemos valorado una serie de parámetros epidemiológicos (edad, sexo, localización, tamaño, clínica, estudios previos a la cirugía, tiempo trascurrido entre aparición de síntomas y primera consulta, nervio de origen, patrón histológico predominante (Antoni A, Antoni B, y evolución postquirúrgica. Se ha realizado una revisión de la literatura.Neurilemomas are benign neurogenic tumours, that derive from the neural sheath. Approximately 25 to 45 per cent of the extracraneal neurilemomas occur in the head and neck region. Neurilemomas usually occur between the third and the fourth decades of life. Neurilemoma is a sharply circumscribed, and usually small tumor. Clinically it manifests as a slow and gradually growing mass; microscopic examination is neccesary for diagnosis. Complete tumoral excision remains the treatment of choice and after this, they rarely recur. The aim of this article is to report a retrospective study, of nine cases, of oral cavity and neck neurilemomas, treated in our service of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, between 1997 and 2001. A series of epidemiological parameters (age, sex, location, size, symptoms, preoperative

Estado de salud bucal: su relación con el estado nutricional en niños de 2 a 5 años Oral health status: its relation to the nutritional state in children aged 2-5

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María Elena Quiñones Ybarría

2008-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: describir la relación existente entre el estado de salud bucal y el estado nutricional en niños de 2 a 5 años de edad. MÉTODOS: se realizó un estudio analítico del tipo de casos y testigos en el municipio Bauta, provincia La Habana, en el período comprendido de junio del 2005 hasta junio del 2006. El universo de estudio estuvo integrado por 2408 niños comprendidos entre las edades de 2 a 5 años, del cual se extrajo una muestra de 400 niños. Se utilizaron las variables: estado de salud bucal, estado nutricional, presencia de caries, maloclusiones y gingivitis. Para las variables cuya asociación resultó ser significativa, se obtuvo el Odds Ratio, siempre que fue posible, para identificar el aumento o la disminución de la probabilidad de adolecer de mala salud bucal en presencia del factor de riesgo considerado. RESULTADOS: el 9,5 % de los niños malnutridos por defecto mostraron afectado el estado de salud bucal, 28,0 % de niños con déficit pondo-estatural presentaron caries, 52,0 % de estos, gingivitis y el 60,0% maloclusión. CONCLUSIONES: el déficit pondo-estatural incrementó la prevalencia de las afecciones bucales estudiadas. El Estado de salud bucal estuvo asociado significativamente al Estado nutricionalOBJECTIVE: to describe the relationship existing between the oral health status and the nutritional state of children aged 2-5. METHODS: an analytical case-control study was conducted in Bauta municipality, Havana, from June 2005 to June 2006. The universe was composed of 2 408 children aged 2-5. A sample of 400 children was taken from it. The following variables were used: oral health status, nutritional state, presence of caries, malocclusions and gingivitis. The odds ratio was obtained whenever it was possible for those variables whose association proved to be significant in order to identify the increase or reduction of the probability of having a poor oral health in the presence of the risk factor considered

Comparación entre métodos de cultivo independientes y dependientes para la detección de bacteriemia transitoria en individuos diabéticos con periodontitis crónica

OpenAIRE

Anna Carolina Ratto-Tespestini; Paula Juliana Pérez-Chaparro; Giuseppe Alexandre Romito; Luciene Cristina Figueiredo; Marcelo Faveri; Hilana Paula Carillo; Priscila Larcher; Magda Feres

2016-01-01

Introducción. Las bacteriemias de origen oral pueden ocurrir después de procedimientos odontológicos y de otros actos cotidianos. Algunas condiciones de la cavidad oral favorecen las bacteriemias como en el caso de pacientes con diabetes mellitus y periodontitis que presentan inflamación gingival exacerbada. Objetivo. Comparar la eficacia de un método independiente de cultivo (PCR cuantitativa) y otro dependiente (BacT-ALERT 3D®) en la detección de la bacteriemia. Materiales y métodos. ...

Alteraciones de la mucosa bucal causadas por la asociación entre el tabaco y los colutorios bucales con una concentración de alcohol del 26,9 %

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Anna Christina Medeiros Fossati

Full Text Available Se analizaron el epitelio y la capa de queratina de la mucosa oral de 15 ratas que durante 45 días fueron sometidas a una aplicación tópica de picadura de tabaco y de colutorio bucal con una concentración de alcohol del 26,9 %. Tras ese período, se extrajeron las mucosas y se les realizó un análisis histológico. Se observó una significativa disminución del espesor del epitelio y de la capa de queratina, lo que indica que la picadura asociada con colutorios bucales con alta concentración de alcohol, provoca la reducción del espesor de la capa de queratina y del epitelio de la boca.

Increasing Access to Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

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Administration of misoprostol at the time of birth for home births achieved moderate uterotonic coverage. Advancing the distribution of misoprostol through antenatal care services could .... estimated 15% rate of refusal to participate in the.

Comparison between computed tomography with oral oil-based contrast and laparotomy for gastric cancer staging; Tomografia computerizada con contraste oral graso frente a lapartomia en la estadificacion del cancer gastrico

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Marco, S. F.; Garcia-Vila, J. H.; Cervera, J.; Gomez, R.; Piqueras, R. M.; Perona, I.; Escrig, J.; Salvador, J. L. [Hospital General de Castello. Castellon (Spain)

2000-07-01

To compare the utility of conventional computed tomography (CT) with oral oil-based contrast with that of laparotomy in the preoperative staging of gastric cancer. We prospectively studied 41 patients diagnosed as having gastric adenocarcinoma according to the results of endoscopy and biopsy. Applying the TNM classification for gastric cancer staging, we compared the findings in CT associated with oral oil-based contrast and intraoperative staging with definitive postoperative pathological staging. Definitive pathological studies demonstrated that there were 7 stage T1-T2 lesions, 26 stage T3 and 8 stage T4. The assessment of lymph node involvement showed that 10 patients presented stage N0 and 31 stage N1-N3. Ten patients had metastases. The diagnostic reliability for tumor staging according to CT was 56% versus 80% for laparotomy. In the determination of nodal involvement CT had a diagnostic yield of 71% versus 6% for laparotomy. Metastatic disease was correctly diagnosed by CT in 83% of cases versus 88% by laparotomy. There were no statistically significant differences between CT with oral oil-based contrast and laparotomy for the staging of nodal involvement and metastases. However, the CT diagnosis was significantly more reliable than laparotomy for the determination of tumor infiltration. (Author) 21 refs.

Cytotec e aborto: a polícia, os vendedores e as mulheres Cytotec and abortion: the police, the vendors and women

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Debora Diniz

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa o comércio ilegal do medicamento abortivo misoprostol no Brasil, com base no estudo de dez casos que alcançaram o Ministério Público do Distrito Federal e Territórios entre 2004 e 2010. Os dados foram assim organizados: 1. história das mulheres; 2. perfil dos vendedores; 3. casos de morte materna. Os resultados mostram que: 1. mulheres jovens, em relacionamento afetivo, fazem uso doméstico do misoprostol sozinhas ou com auxílio dos vendedores. Das sete mulheres indiciadas, três foram denunciadas ao chegar ao hospital público para finalização do aborto; 2. os vendedores são funcionários de farmácias e referências locais para o comércio do misoprostol. Eles informam as mulheres sobre uso do medicamento e prevenção de infecções, mas se recusam a socorrê-las em caso de emergência. Os traficantes atuam pela internet e possuem um estoque mais amplo de medicamentos; 3. houve duas mortes maternas por métodos invasivos combinados ao misoprostol. As principais causas de óbito são a demora em buscar auxílio médico por medo de denúncia policial e o uso combinado do misoprostol com métodos de alto risco.This paper analyzes the illegal trade in misoprostol, the medication predominantly used for abortion in Brazil. The study analyzed ten cases that came to the attention of the Public Prosecution Service for the Federal District between 2004 and 2010. The cases were organized into three categories: 1. women's stories; 2. profile of the vendors; 3. maternal mortality cases. The research was reviewed by an ethics committee. The main outcomes were: 1. young women in steady relationships use misoprostol in the home or with the assistance of drug vendors. Of the seven women indicted, three were reported on arrival at the public hospital to finalize abortion; 2. the drug vendors work at the community drugstore and are local agents for the sale of misoprostol. They instruct women on how to use the drug and how to

Prevention of gingival trauma : Oral hygiene devices and oral piercings

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hoenderdos, N.L.

2017-01-01

Maintaining healthy teeth and soft oral tissues for life is important. Oral hygiene devices and oral piercings can damage the soft oral tissues. This thesis investigates the safety of manual toothbrushes, interdental brushes and rubber bristles interdental cleaners by analysing the gingival abrasion

Efficacy of intravenous iron in treating iron deficiency anaemia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: Are there predictors of response? Eficacia del hierro intravenoso en el tratamiento de la anemia ferropénica en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal: ¿Existen factores predictivos de respuesta?

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Rocío Ferreiro Iglesias

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Introduction: in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD iron deficiency anaemia (IDA is a very common disorder. Until recently, oral iron has been the mainstay therapy, nevertheless it has been associated with intolerance and noncompliance. Therefore, the goal of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous iron in IDA in IBD patients and the secondary aim was to investigate whether other potential factors could influence in the response to the treatment. Design: an open-label, prospective, consecutive, single centre study. Material and methods: we performed our study in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC or Crohn's disease (CD with severe anaemia or intolerance with oral iron. All of them received intravenous sacarose iron and did biochemistry profile with haemoglobin (Hb. Moreover, the correlation with other variables was studied: age, sex, smoking habit, IBD type, previous surgery and type of surgery and other treatments. Response was defined as Hb increase of ≥ 2 g/dL or normalization of the levels. Results: fifty-four patients were included into the study, 34 (63% with UC y 20 (37% with CD, 18 (33.3% men and 36 women (66.6% and the average was 48 ± 14 years. The total proportion of responders was 52% (SD ± 05; 43% of the patients reached Hb ≥ 2 g/dl and y 9% of them normalized Hb. Only the utilization of 5-ASA was associated with low response to iron treatment (p Introducción: la anemia por déficit de hierro es un problema frecuente en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII. Un número no despreciable de pacientes no responde o presenta intolerancia al hierro oral. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es evaluar la eficacia del hierro sacarosa intravenoso (Venofer® en los pacientes con EII así como los potenciales factores que pueden influir en la respuesta al mismo. Diseño: estudio abierto, unicéntrico y con una inclusión consecutiva de casos. Material y métodos: se incluyeron pacientes con colitis ulcerosa (CU y enfermedad

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