Early onset of organ failure is the best predictor of mortality in acute pancreatitis El fracaso orgánico precoz como mejor factor predictivo de mortalidad en la pancreatitis aguda

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I. Poves Prim

2004-10-01

Full Text Available Background: APACHE II is a multifactorial scoring system for predicting severity in acute pancreatitis (AP. Organ failure (OF has been correlated with mortality in AP. Objectives: to evaluate the usefulness of APACHE II as an early predictor of severity in AP, its correlation with OF, and the relevance of an early establishment of OF during the course of AP. Patients and methods: from January 1999 to November 2001, 447 consecutive cases of AP were studied. APACHE II scores and Atlanta criteria were used for defining severity and OF. Results: twenty-five percent of patients had severe acute pancreatitis (SAP. APACHE II at 24 h after admission showed a sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value of 52, 77, 46, and 84%, respectively, for predicting severity. Mortality for SAP was 20.5%. Seventy percent of patients who developed OF did so within the first 24 hours of admission, and their mortality was 52%. Mortality was statistically significant (p Introducción: el APACHE II se ha utilizado como factor predictivo de gravedad en la pancratitis aguda (PA. La instauración de fracaso orgánico (FO en la PA se correlaciona con una mayor mortalidad. Objetivos: evaluar la utilidad del APACHE II como factor predictivo precoz de gravedad en la PA, su correlación con el FO y la relevancia del establecimiento precoz del FO en la PA. Pacientes y métodos: desde enero de 1999 hasta noviembre de 2001 se estudiaron 447 pacientes ingresados consecutivamente por PA. Se utilizó el sistema APACHE II y los criterios de Atlanta para evaluar la gravedad. Resultados: el 25% de los pacientes presentaron una pancreatitis aguda grave (PAG. El APACHE II a las 24 horas del ingreso mostró una sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo y negativo del 52, 77, 46 y 84%, respectivamente, como marcador de gravedad. La mortalidad global de la PAG fue del 20,5%. El 70% de los pacientes que presentaron FO lo hicieron en las primeras 24 horas

Childhood cardiovascular risk factors, a predictor of late adolescent overweight

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Saeed Kalantari

2016-01-01

Conclusion: Increased CVD risk factors are predictors of future overweight in childhood and adolescent and increased weight is linked significantly with dyslipidemia and hypertension in this age group.

Personal factors and personality characteristics as predictors of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The study set to investigate personal factors and personality characteristics as Predictors of customers satisfaction with health care services. The study utilized Ex-Post Facto design. A total number of 100 participants took part in the study which were made up of 57 (57%) males and 48 (48%) females, with a mean age of ...

Actitud, norma subjetiva y control conductual como predictores del consumo de drogas en jóvenes de zona marginal del norte de México

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Francisco Rafael Guzmán Facundo

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Se tiene como propósito conocer el efecto predictivo de la actitud, norma subjetiva y control conductual sobre la intención y el consumo de drogas en una muestra de 257 jóvenes de una zona urbano-marginal del estado de Nuevo León, México. Los resultados reportaron que 17.1 por ciento de la muestra ha consumido drogas. Tener creencias favorables al consumo de drogas, creencias de que personas significativas toleran el consumo y tener bajo control para resistir el consumo de drogas fueron predictores tanto para la intención como para el consumo de drogas, con una varianza explicada de 47.5 y 40.7 por ciento respectivamente.

Cognitive predictors and risk factors of PTSD following stillbirth: a short-term longitudinal study.

OpenAIRE

Horsch, A.; Jacobs, I.; McKenzie-McHarg, K.

2015-01-01

This short-term longitudinal study investigated cognitive predictors and risk factors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in mothers following stillbirth. After a stillbirth at ≥ 24 weeks gestational age, 65 women completed structured clinical interviews and questionnaires assessing PTSD symptoms, cognitive predictors (appraisals, dysfunctional strategies), and risk factors (perceived social support, trauma history, obstetric history) at 3 and 6 months. PTSD symptoms decreased between 3 a...

Java project on periodontal diseases. The natural development of periodontitis: risk factors, risk predictors and risk determinants : risk factors, risk predictors and risk determinants

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Van der Velden, U.; Abbas, F.; Armand, S.; Loos, B. G.; Timmerman, M. F.; Van der Weijden, G. A.; Van Winkelhoff, A. J.; Winkel, E. G.

Objective: To identify risk factors, risk predictors and risk determinants for onset and progression of periodontitis. Material and Methods: For this longitudinal, prospective study all subjects in the age range 15-25 years living in a village of approximately 2000 inhabitants at a tea estate on

Hedonism as a Decision Factor and Technologic UsageHedonismo como um Fator de Decisão e Uso TecnológicoHedonismo como un Factor de Decisión y Uso Tecnológico

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ARRUDA FILHO, Emílio José Montero

2013-09-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACTIn the current selection and use of technological products, consumers prefer to adopt products which include new service packages and features. This article presents that all-in-one or integrated products are hedonic but explanation for use thereof is utilitarian. This paper analyzes factors of technological integration, hedonic and utilitarian behavior, in addition to the more traditional environmental factors of price, budget, brand, and choice. All variables presented can be considered decision factors or factors that change preference, given the inclusion of several integrations. Accordingly, we assessed smart phones with different services integrated, such as Internet, wireless, music, video, and camera functions. Our findings support our assertion that consumer preference is based on the integration of product features for both enjoyment and pleasure of use.RESUMOO uso de produtos tecnológicos na atualidade demonstra que consumidores preferem adotar novas tecnologias aliadas a pacotes de novos serviços incluídos nos produtos. Este artigo apresenta que produtos com multifuncionalidades ou integrações são hedônicos e possuem justificação de seu uso como se fossem utilitários, apresentando fatores de integração tecnológica, comportamento hedônico e utilitário, além de ambientes criados pelo preço, orçamento, marca e escolha, que seria o fato de comprarem o produto para si mesmos ou receberem-no como um presente. Todas as variáveis apresentadas servem como fatores de decisão ou mudanças de preferência, dada a composição de múltiplas integrações. Com isso, avaliam-se neste trabalho os dispositivos celulares conhecidos como smartphones, com diferentes serviços integrados, como internet, wireless, música, câmera fotográfica e câmera de vídeo, apresentando que mesmo quando esses produtos possuem maior qualidade, como produtos individuais, a preferência ainda é encorajada para equipamentos possuindo todas

Lactancia materna como factor protector de la obesidad infantil y en edades futuras

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González López, Tamara

2016-01-01

Introducción: la lactancia materna (LM) previene numerosas enfermedades, tanto del niño como de la madre, y previene la obesidad del niño, tanto en la infancia, como en las demás etapas de la vida. Objetivo: El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática es analizar el valor de la lactancia materna como factor protector frente al sobrepeso y la obesidad infantil y edades futuras. Método: Se ha efectuado una búsqueda sistemática y se han obtenido más de 100 documentos diferentes sobre el tema. Aplic...

La Inteligencia Emocional como predictora del Rendimiento Académico: el contexto pluricultural de Ceuta

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Federico Pulido Acosta

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo tiene como objetivo fundamental conocer los predictores dela Inteligencia Emocional (IE y el Rendimiento Académico (RA del alumnado de la ciudad de Ceuta, para lo que se contó con 1186 participantes, de 9 centros educativos distintos, que reflejan la pluriculturalidad de la ciudad; de los cuales, el 57.8% son mujeres y el 42.2% varones, y el 58.9% de cultura/religión musulmana y el 41.1% cristianos. Como instrumentos de evaluación se emplearon una adaptación propia del MSCEIT (Test de Inteligencia Emocional de Mayer, Salovey y Caruso, 2009 y las calificaciones de los alumnos. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan niveles medios de Rendimiento Académico, y medio-altos en IE, actuando como predictores del primero las variables sociodemográficas de edad, género, cultura/religión y estatus socio-económico-cultural. Los predictores de la Inteligencia Emocional son la etapa y el estatus. Por otra parte, muestran que existe relación entre Inteligencia Emocional y Rendimiento Académico, actuando cada una como principal predictor de la otra.

Factores predictores del consumo de tabaco entre adolescentes del Colegio Universitario Santiago de Cali, 2005

OpenAIRE

Yamileth Ortiz-Gómez; Jorge Martín Rodríguez-Hernández

2009-01-01

Objetivos: Identificar los factores predictores del consumo de tabaco entre los adolescentes del Colegio Santiago de Cali. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal con una muestra de 286 adolescentes matriculados y activos de grado 6 a 9 en el año lectivo 2005. A partir de la prevalencia del consumo de tabaco, se estimaron diferencias para las variables independientes con Ji2 y valores P. Los factores predictores fueron establecidos con un modelo logístico no condicional, previa evaluación d...

Cognitive predictors and risk factors of PTSD following stillbirth: a short-term longitudinal study.

Science.gov (United States)

Horsch, Antje; Jacobs, Ingo; McKenzie-McHarg, Kirstie

2015-04-01

This short-term longitudinal study investigated cognitive predictors and risk factors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in mothers following stillbirth. After a stillbirth at ≥ 24 weeks gestational age, 65 women completed structured clinical interviews and questionnaires assessing PTSD symptoms, cognitive predictors (appraisals, dysfunctional strategies), and risk factors (perceived social support, trauma history, obstetric history) at 3 and 6 months. PTSD symptoms decreased between 3 and 6 months (Cohen's d ranged .34-.52). Regression analyses also revealed a specific positive relationship between Rumination and concurrent frequency of PTSD symptoms (β = .45). Negative Self-View and Negative World-View related positively and Self-Blame related negatively to concurrent number of PTSD symptoms (β = .48, .44, -.45, respectively). Suppression and Distraction predicted a decrease and Numbing predicted an increase in time-lagged number of PTSD symptoms (β = -.33, -.28, .30, respectively). Risk factors for PTSD symptoms were younger age (β = -.25), lower income (β = -.29), fewer previous pregnancies (β = -.31), and poorer perceived social support (β = -.26). Interventions addressing negative appraisals, dysfunctional strategies, and social support are recommended for mothers with PTSD following stillbirth. Knowledge of cognitive predictors and risk factors of PTSD may inform the development of a screening instrument. Copyright © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company.

OPTIMISMO Y SALUD POSITIVA COMO PREDICTORES DE LA ADAPTACIÓN A LA VIDA UNIVERSITARIA: PREDITORES DA ADAPTAÇÃO À VIDA UNIVERSITÁRIA

OpenAIRE

LONDOÑO PÉREZ, CONSTANZA

2009-01-01

El objetivo de la investigación era identificar el papel del optimismo y la salud positiva como predictores del nivel de adaptación de jóvenes que ingresan a la universidad. La muestra, conformada por 77 estudiantes de ambos géneros, con edades entre los 17 y 26 años de edad, corresponde al total de los que ingresaron durante el primer periodo académico de 2005, a la jornada diurna del primer semestre de psicología de una universidad privada. Los instrumentos utilizados son el Test de Orienta...

Factores perinatales como predictores de severidad de la enfermedad de membrana hialina

OpenAIRE

Caballero Díaz, María Elvinia; Báez Camacho, Martha Lucía; Blanco Galindo, Humberto

2010-01-01

Objetivo: determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a la mayor severidad de EMH. Materiales y Métodos: estudio observacional con componente analítico tipo casos y controles. Resultados: total de pacientes 64, 13 (20.3%) con EMH severa y 51 EMH leve moderada. Se encontró relación entre la ruptura prematura de membranas, la cesárea sin trabajo de parto, la asfixia-acidosis fetal y la infección neonatal temprana con mayor requerimiento surfactante p

Satisfacción del usuario en la industria hotelera como factor de competitividad

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Elsa Georgina González Uribe

2016-03-01

Full Text Available En este trabajo se evalúan las percepciones de satisfacción del usuario de servicios de hospedaje en la zona metropolitana de Guadalajara (ZMG, con el objetivo de analizar los factores que infl uyen en ésta. La preferencia por seleccionar la industria hotelera tapatía se debe a las condiciones de desarrollo turístico que tiene Jalisco, como uno de los estados con más cantidad y variedad turística, y su capital, Guadalajara, como la segunda ciudad en importancia económica en México. Se revisó la literatura relacionada con el objeto de estudio, como son la calidad, la satisfacción y los diversos factores que infl uyen en ésta, con lo cual se presenta la situación actual que tiene la actividad turística en Jalisco y particularmente en la ZMG. Se aplicó una encuesta a huéspedes en hoteles de categorías 4, 5 estrellas y gran turismo; para finalmente presentar una propuesta de un modelo de satisfacción del usuario de servicios hoteleros.

[Psychosocial factors as predictors of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events: contribution from animal models].

Science.gov (United States)

Alboni, Paolo; Alboni, Marco

2006-11-01

Conventional risk factors (abnormal lipids, hypertension, etc.) are independent predictors of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events; however, these factors are not specific since about half patients with acute myocardial infarction paradoxically result at low cardiovascular risk. Recent prospective studies provide convincing evidence that some psychosocial factors are independent predictors of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events, as well. Psychosocial factors that promote atherosclerosis can be divided into two general categories: chronic stressors, including social isolation/low social support and work stress (subordination without job control) and emotional factors, including affective disorders such as depression, severe anxiety and hostility/anger. The emotional factors, such as the chronic stressors, activate the biological mechanisms of chronic stress: increased activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, sympathetic system and inflammation processes, which have atherogenic effects, and an increase in blood coagulation. In spite of the amount of published data, psychosocial factors receive little attention in the medical setting. About 30 years ago, Kuller defined the criteria for a causal relation between a risk factor and atherosclerosis and cardiac events. The first of these criteria states that experimental research should demonstrate that any new factor would increase the extent of atherosclerosis or its complications in suitable animal models. We carried out a bibliographic research in order to investigate whether the results of the studies dealing with animal examination and experimentation support the psychosocial factors as predictors of atherosclerosis. Contributions related to some of the psychosocial factors such as social isolation, subordination and hostility/anger have been found. In these studies atherosclerotic extension has been evaluated at necroscopy; however, the incidence of cardiovascular events has not been

La inteligencia emocional como predictora del rendimiento académico en la infancia: el contexto pluricultural de Ceuta

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Federico Pulido Acosta

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Existe una enorme preocupación por el bajo rendimiento en las diferentes áreas académicas, lo que promueve la búsqueda de nuevas fórmulas de actuación docente. Estos rápidos cambios hacen que el alumnado deba aprender nuevas habilidades y capacidades con el fin de amoldarse a este proceso en continua evolución. Desde esta perspectiva, se pone de relieve la enorme importancia que pueden llegar a tener las emociones y su adecuado control para la mejora del mencionado rendimiento. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo conocer los predictores de la Inteligencia Emocional (IE y el Rendimiento Académico (RA de alumnos, de 6 a 12 años, en la ciudad de Ceuta. Se contó con una muestra de 404 participantes, procedentes de 4 centros distintos, que reflejan las características del contexto pluricultural de la ciudad; el 47.8% fueron niños y el 52.2% niñas, el 68.8% de cultura/religión musulmana y el 31.2% cristiana. Como instrumento de evaluación se empleó una adaptación propia del MSCEIT (Test de Inteligencia Emocional de Mayer, Salovey & Caruso, 2009 y las calificaciones de los alumnos. Se encontraron niveles medio-altos en ambas variables. Los predictores de la IE son el curso y el RA. Estatus y cultura aparecen como predictores, pero no en todos los casos. Los predictores del RA son la IE, la cultura y el curso. El estatus aparece en dos factores. Se encontró relación estadísticamente significativa entre IE y RA, siendo el último mayor a medida que ascienden las puntuaciones en IE.

Los profesionales de secundaria, como factores de riesgo en el síndrome de Burnout

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Giselle León-León

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Recibido 21 de julio de 2010 • Aceptado 31 de agosto de 2010 • Corregido 03 de octubre de 2010     Este artículo aborda el síndrome de Bournout, entendido como un trastorno de la adaptación ante el estrés crónico laboral que logra desencadenar síntomas físicos y psicológicos, los cuales dañan significativamente la ejecución profesional de los individuos que prestan servicios, en este particular, el trabajo de los docentes de secundaria, los cuales se describen como vulnerables por atender a adolescentes, quienes requieren mayor comunicación, atención y guía por las característica propias de esa etapa. Además se describen algunos factores que pueden incidir en el docente, desde una perspectiva individual como por ejemplo estrés, rol, edad, estado civil, entre otros. Asímismo factores laborales tales como baja implicación, sobre carga, burocracia, ambiente, consecuencias sobre el individuo y sobre la institución y medidas para prevenirlo.

Early sensitisation and development of allergic airway disease - risk factors and predictors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Halken, Susanne

2003-01-01

The development and phenotypic expression of allergic airway disease depends on a complex interaction between genetic and several environmental factors, such as exposure to food, inhalant allergens and non-specific adjuvant factors (e.g. tobacco smoke, air pollution and infections). The first...... development of allergic disease at birth. Early sensitisation, cow's milk allergy and atopic eczema are predictors for later development of allergic airway disease. Exposure to indoor allergens, especially house dust mite allergens, is a risk factor for sensitisation and development of asthma later...

LA INFLAMACIÓN COMO FACTOR CAUSAL EMERGENTE DE LA ENFERMEDAD CARDIOVASCULAR

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T. Fernández-Mora

2007-06-01

Full Text Available La ateroesclerosis está involucrada en el desarrollo de la enfermedad cardiovascular, una de las principales enfermedades de morbimortalidad en el mundo. Se han determinado una serie de factores de riesgo, tanto clásicos como emergentes, implicados en el desarrollo de esta enfermedad. Recientes investigaciones han demostrado que la inflamación juega un papel clave en el desarrollo de la ateroesclerosis. Las células del sistema inmune se encuentran presentes en todos los estadios de las lesiones arterioescleróticasy sus moléculas efectoras pueden acelerar la progresión de las lesiones y orquestar los mecanismos de inflamación inducidos en los síndromes coronarios agudos. La evidencia crítica implica a mediadores de la inmunidad tanto innata como adquirida en los diferentes estados de la ateroesclerosis. Dentro de loscomponentes inmunes involucrados en el proceso de la ateroesclerosis se encuentran componentes celulares como macrófagos, linfocitos, células dendríticas, mastocitos, células NK; componentes humoralescomo anticuerpos, citocinas proinflamatorias y moduladoras de la respuesta inmune, complemento, proteínas de fase aguda; y otros componentes como moléculas de adhesión y de choque térmico. A partirdel esclarecimiento del papel del sistema inmune en el desarrollo de la arterioesclerosis, han surgido una serie de perspectivas diagnósticas y terapéuticas para la enfermedad cardiovascular.

Alexitimia como predictor directo y mediado por la depresión en la violencia de pareja

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José Moral de la Rubia

2015-07-01

Full Text Available La investigación de la violencia de pareja se ha centrado tradicionalmente en la mujer como víctima y el hombre como agresor; no obstante, la violencia frecuentemente es recíproca. La alexitimia constituye un potencial factor de riesgo de violencia de pareja por sus características de un vínculo inseguro, un estilo pasivo de afrontamiento, un déficit de empatía y dificultades de control emocional. Además, la alexitimia se encuentra relacionada con la depresión. El artículo estudia la relación de la alexitimia con la violencia sufrida y la violencia ejercida (frecuencia y daño en hombres y mujeres con una pareja heterosexual controlada por la variable depresión. Se aplicaron el Cuestionario de Violencia Sufrida y Ejercida de Pareja (CVSE, Moral de la Rubia & Ramos Basurto, 2015, la Escala de Alexitimia de Toronto de 20 ítems (EAT-20, Bagby, Parker & Taylor, 1994, en su versión mexicana de Moral de la Rubia, 2008a y el Inventario de Depresión de Beck (2ª ed., IDB-2, Beck, Steer & Brown, 1996, en su Formato Simplificado de Aplicación, IDB-2-FSA; Moral de la Rubia, 2013 a una muestra no probabilística de 240 participantes (120 mujeres y 120 hombres en Monterrey, México. La alexitimia correlacionó más con la violencia sufrida que con la violencia ejercida, más con el daño que con la frecuencia dentro de la violencia sufrida y más con la frecuencia que con el daño dentro de la violencia ejercida. La mayoría de estas correlaciones permanecieron significativas al parcializar la depresión. En un modelo con buen ajuste en la muestra conjunta (hombres y mujeres, la alexitimia mostró un efecto significativo tanto sobre la violencia sufrida como la ejercida y este efecto fue tanto directo como indirecto con la mediación de la depresión. Concluye que la alexitimia es principalmente un factor de riesgo para sufrir violencia y en menor medida para ejercerla.

Personality factors as predictors of foreign language aptitude

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Adriana Biedroń

2011-12-01

Full Text Available The study addresses a problem which is inadequately investigated in second language acquisition research, that is, personality predictors of foreign language aptitude. Specifically, it focuses on the Five Factor model which includes Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism (Costa & McCrae, 1992 as traits differentiating gifted and nongifted foreign language learners and predicting results of foreign language aptitude tests. Although contemporary researchers generally agree that affect is an important variable in second language acquisition, most empirical studies demonstrate that personality factors are weakly correlated with cognitive abilities and that their contribution to the ultimate attainment is minor (cf. Robinson & Ellis, 2008. On the other hand, these factors constitute an integral part of cognitive ability development (cf. Dörnyei, 2009; therefore, neglecting them in research on foreign language aptitude would be unjustified. The following study is an attempt to analyze the Five Factors in two groups of learners: gifted and nongifted. In order to answer the question as to which and to what extent personality factors have a predictive effect on foreign language aptitude, the results were subjected to a multiple regression analysis. The findings of the study are presented and discussed in a wider context of research on cognitive abilities.

Familia y duelo: el apego y los acontecimientos vitales estresantes como predictores del desarrollo de duelo complicado

OpenAIRE

Valero-Moreno, Selene; Barreto-Martín, Pilar; Pérez-Marín, Marián

2016-01-01

La investigación en ciencias de la salud en los últimos años considera los factores de riesgo y protección en el proceso de afrontamiento del duelo como fundamentales a la hora de llevar a cabo un adecuado ajuste biopsicosocial, influyendo significativamente en la posibilidad de desarrollar psicopatología o complicaciones en la salud en el futuro

Obesidad pregestacional como factor de riesgo asociado a preeclampsia

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Zoila Moreno

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Evaluar la obesidad como factor de riesgo de preeclampsia. Diseño: Estudio caso control realizado en el Hospital Dos de Mayo, Lima, Perú. Material y Métodos: Después de excluir 35 pacientes, se comparó 107 mujeres preeclámpticas con 107 gestantes normotensas, pareadas para edad gestacional (±1 semana. Se correlacionó peso pregestacional con la presencia de preeclampsia usando chi-cuadrado; se empleó t de student para comparar promedios y se controló variables confusoras usando la regresión logística. Resultados: La preeclampsia estuvo asociada con una edad de 35 años o más (OR 3,0; IC 95% 1,2 a 7,9, historia de preeclampsia en el embarazo previo (OR 5,4; IC 95% 1,6 a 17,9 y obesidad (OR 6,5; 6,2 a 2,8, considerada como el tercil más alto de los parámetros índice de masa corporal (IMC, pliegue tricipital y circunferencia braquial media en el grupo control. Existió significativa tendencia linear de riesgo de preeclampsia con estos parámetros (p< 0,001. Conclusiones: Las mujeres obesas deben ser cuidadosamente controladas, para reducir la incidencia de preeclampsia y sus complicaciones.

LOS GRUPOS DE SOCIALIZACION COMO FACTOR PROTECTOR CONTRA LA DEPRESION EN PERSONAS ANCIANAS. BARANQUILLA, COLOMBIA

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Rafael Tuesca-Molina

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: La depresión en personas ancianas es un problema de salud pública dada su prevalencia y comorbilidad. Los objetivos de este trabajo son determinar el papel de los grupos de socialización como factor protector para depresión; determinar otros factores socioculturales asociados; estimar la prevalencia y determinar la concordancia de las pruebas de cribado para depresión - criterios de la Asociación Americana de Psiquiatría y el test de Hamilton. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Participaron 602 personas ancianas de entre 60 y 94 años (223 varones y 379 mujeres, muestra representativa para la población residente del sur-occidente de Barranquilla, Colombia. Previo consentimiento, se aplicó una encuesta de administración directa. Se estudiaron las variables demográficas, socioeconómicas, limitación física, enfermedades degenerativas, disfunción familiar y dos tests de depresión para determinar la concordancia. Se realizó análisis bivariado entre la depresión y la pertinencia a grupos de socialización al igual que la depresión y otras variables. Se determinó análisis de cribado e índice de Kappa para la concordancia de pruebas. Resultados: La participación en grupos de socialización fue un factor protector de presentar depresión. (OR: 0,5, IC 95%: 0,34- 0,73. La prevalencia de depresión fue de 29,9% (IC95%: 21,4%- 39,4%, siendo en los varones 32,7%. La concordancia con el test de Kappa fue 0,63. (moderada a buena La sensibilidad fue del 56,1%, (48,5% a 63,4%; la especificidad de 99,3%, (IC95%: 97,8%-99,8% y el valor predictivo positivo del 97,1% ( IC95%: 97,2%-99,3%. Conclusiones: Esta investigación determina factores de riesgo para padecer depresión en ancianos potencialmente modificables. La participación en grupos de socialización es un factor protector. La disfunción familiar de tipo moderado y severo, las limitaciones sensoriales como ceguera y sordera, la soledad, ausencia de vivienda y

Prevalence, associated factors and predictors of anxiety: a community survey in Selangor, Malaysia.

Science.gov (United States)

Kader Maideen, Siti Fatimah; Mohd Sidik, Sherina; Rampal, Lekhraj; Mukhtar, Firdaus

2015-10-24

Anxiety is the most common mental health disorders in the general population. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety, its associated factors and the predictors of anxiety among adults in the community of Selangor, Malaysia. A cross sectional study was carried out in three districts in Selangor, Malaysia. The inclusion criteria of this study were Malaysian citizens, adults aged 18 years and above, and living in the selected living quarters based on the list provided by the Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOS). Participants completed a set of questionnaires, including the validated Malay version of Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD 7) to detect anxiety. Of the 2512 participants who were approached, 1556 of them participated in the study (61.90%). Based on the cut-off point of 8 and above in the GAD-7, the prevalence of anxiety was 8.2%. Based on the initial multiple logistic regression analysis, the predictors of anxiety were depression, serious problems at work, domestic violence and high perceived stress. When reanalyzed again after removing depression, low self-esteem and high perceived stress, six predictors that were identified are cancer, serious problems at work, domestic violence, unhappy relationship with family, non-organizational religious activity and intrinsic religiosity. This study reports the prevalence of anxiety among adults in the community of Selangor, Malaysia and also the magnitude of the associations between various factors and anxiety.

Child, parent and family factors as predictors of adjustment for siblings of children with a disability.

Science.gov (United States)

Giallo, R; Gavidia-Payne, S

2006-12-01

Siblings adjust to having a brother or sister with a disability in diverse ways. This study investigated a range of child, parent and family factors as predictors of sibling adjustment outcomes. Forty-nine siblings (aged 7-16 years) and parents provided information about (1) sibling daily hassles and uplifts; (2) sibling coping; (3) parent stress; (4) parenting; and (5) family resilience. Multiple regression techniques were used. It was found that parent and family factors were stronger predictors of sibling adjustment difficulties than siblings' own experiences of stress and coping. Specifically, socio-economic status, past attendance at a sibling support group, parent stress, family time and routines, family problem-solving and communication, and family hardiness-predicted sibling adjustment difficulties. Finally, siblings' perceived intensity of daily uplifts significantly predicted sibling prosocial behaviour. The results revealed that the family level of risk and resilience factors were better predictors of sibling adjustment than siblings' own experiences of stress and coping resources, highlighting the importance of familial and parental contributions to the sibling adjustment process. The implications of these results for the design of interventions and supports for siblings are discussed.

La inflación como factor distorsionante de la información financiera

OpenAIRE

Betty De La Hoz; Sigilfredo Uzcátegui; Jesús Borges; Angel Velazco

2008-01-01

El propósito de este trabajo es analizar la inflación como factor distorsionante de la información financiera. La investigación se centra en las técnicas de medición de la inflación y el inicio del proceso de actualización o reexpresión de los datos históricos arrojados por los estados financieros, así como también, su incidencia bajo un escenario en Venezuela para el año 2006. Se efectuó una revisión documental bibliográfica basada en los fundamentos teóricos y estadísticos de: Fernández (20...

A study into psychosocial factors as predictors of work-related fatigue.

Science.gov (United States)

Rahman, Hanif Abdul; Abdul-Mumin, Khadizah; Naing, Lin

2016-07-14

To explore and determine relationship between psychosocial factors and work-related fatigue among emergency and critical care nurses in Brunei. Cross-sectional study conducted on all emergency and critical care nurses across Brunei public hospitals from February to April 2016. 201 nurses participated in the study (82% response rate). A total of 36% of the variance of chronic fatigue was explained by stress, trust in management, decision latitude, self-rated health, and work-family conflict. Burnout, self-rated health, commitment to workplace, and trust in management explained 30% of the variance of acute fatigue. Stress, work-family conflict and reward explained 28% of the variance of intershift recovery after controlling for significant sociodemographic variables. Smoking was identified as an important sociodemographic factor for work-related fatigue. Psychosocial factors were good predictors of work-related fatigue. A range of psychosocial factors were established, however more research is required to determine all possible causation factors of nurses' work-related fatigue.

Predictors of binge drinking in adolescents: ultimate and distal factors - a representative study

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Donath Carolin

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background As epidemiological surveys have shown, binge drinking is a constant and wide-spread problem behavior in adolescents. It is not rare to find that more than half of all adolescents engage in this behavior when assessing only the last 4 weeks of time independent of the urbanity of the region they live in. There have been several reviews on predictors of substance consumption in adolescents in general, but there has been less high quality research on predictors of binge drinking, and most studies have not been theoretically based. The current study aimed to analyze the ultimate and distal factors predicting substance consumption according to Petraitis' theory of triadic influence. We assessed the predictive value of these factors with respect to binge drinking in German adolescents, including the identification of influence direction. Methods In the years 2007/2008, a representative written survey of N = 44,610 students in the 9th grade of different school types in Germany was carried out (net sample. The return rate of questionnaires was 88% regarding all students whose teachers or school directors had agreed to participate in the study. In this survey, prevalence of binge drinking was investigated as well as potential predictors from the social/interpersonal, the attitudinal/environmental, and the intrapersonal fields (3 factors of Petraitis. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, these variables were included after testing for multicollinearity in order to assess their ability to predict binge drinking. Results Prevalence of binge drinking in the last 30 days was 52.3% for the surveyed adolescents with a higher prevalence for boys (56.9% than for girls (47.5%. The two most influential factors found to protect against binge drinking with p p Conclusions Whereas some of the risk and protective factors for binge drinking are not surprising since they are known for substance abuse in general, there are two points that

Aging as a predictor of nursing workload in Intensive Care Unit: results from a Brazilian Sample.

Science.gov (United States)

Ferretti-Rebustini, Renata Eloah de Lucena; Nogueira, Lilia de Souza; Silva, Rita de Cassia Gengo E; Poveda, Vanessa de Brito; Machado, Selma Pinheiro; Oliveira, Elaine Machado de; Andolhe, Rafaela; Padilha, Katia Grillo

2017-04-03

Verify if aging is an independent predictor of NW in ICU, according to age groups, and its predictive value as a determinant of NW in ICU. Study was conducted from 2012 to 2016. A convenience sample composed by patients (age ≥ 18) admitted to nine ICU belonging to a Brazilian hospital, was analyzed. Age was assumed as an independent variable and NW (measured by the Nursing Activities Score - NAS) as dependent. Linear regression model and ROC curve were used for the analysis. 890 participants (361 older people), mostly males (58.1%). The mean NAS score was higher among older participants in comparison to adults (p=0.004) but not within categories of aging (p=0.697). Age was responsible for 0.6% of NAS score. Each year of age increases NAS score in 0.081 points (p=0.015). However, age was not a good predictor of NAS score (AUC = 0.394; p=0.320). The care of older people in ICU is associated with an increase in NW, compared to adults. Aging can be considered an associated factor but not a good predictor of NW in ICU. Verificar si el envejecimiento es un predictor independiente de la Carga de Trabajo de Enfermería (CTE) en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI), según grupos etarios y su valor predictivo como determinante de la CTE en la UCI. Se analizó una muestra de conveniencia compuesta por pacientes (edad ≥ 18) ingresados en nueve UCI pertenecientes a un hospital brasileño. La edad se asumió como variable independiente y como variable dependiente la carga de trabajo de enfermería -medida por el sistema Nursing Activities Score (NAS) de puntuación de actividades de enfermería. Para el análisis, se utilizaron el modelo de regresión lineal y la curva ROC. 890 participantes (361 adultos mayores), en su mayoría varones (58,1%). La puntuación NAS promedio fue mayor entre los participantes adultos mayores en comparación con los adultos (p=0,004), pero no en las categorías de envejecimiento (p=0,697). La edad fue responsable del 0,6% de la puntuaci

El empowerment como predictor del compromiso organizacional en las Pymes

OpenAIRE

Ríos Manriquez Martha; Téllez Ramírez María del Rayo; Ferrer Guerra Julian

2010-01-01

La relación entre las variables de empowerment y compromiso organizacional ha sido un campo poco explorado desde la perspectiva organizacional. Esta investigación establece el nivel de influencia del empowerment queexperimentanloscolaboradores con respecto al compromiso hacia la organización para la cual laboran. Se utiliza como referencia un modelo generado con base en la descripción del empowerment en cuatro dimensiones: significado, competencia, autodeterminación e impacto; y del compromis...

Workplace levels of psychosocial factors as prospective predictors of registered sickness absence

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christensen, Karl Bang; Nielsen, Martin L; Rugulies, Reiner

2005-01-01

OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate whether workplace levels of psychosocial work environment factors predict individual sickness absence. METHODS: Data were collected in a prospective study in 52 Danish workplaces in three organizations: municipal care, technical services, and a pharmaceutical...... company. Psychosocial factors were aggregated as workplace means. We used multilevel Poisson regression models with psychosocial factors as predictors and individual level sickness absence from absence registries as outcome. RESULTS: High workplace levels of decision authority predicted low sickness...... absence in the technical services (rate ratio = 0.66, 95% confidence interval = 0.51-0.86) and high workplace levels of skill discretion predicted low sickness absence in the pharmaceutical company (rate ratio = 0.74, 95% confidence interval = 0.62-0.88) after control for relevant confounders. Workplaces...

Satisfaction with retention factors as predictors of the job ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Satisfaction with training and development opportunities was the best predictor of organisational fit, while satisfaction with career opportunities was the best predictor of organisational sacrifice. The findings add valuable new knowledge that may be used to inform retention strategies for professional staff with scarce skills in ...

Predictores individuales y familiares de diferentes trayectorias de sintomatología depresiva en adolescentes chilenos

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Patricio Cumsille

2015-01-01

Full Text Available La sintomatología depresiva es prevalente durante la adolescencia, pero no todos los adolescentes experimentan el mismo nivel y evolución de esta sintomatología, lo que sugiere la necesidad de identificar diferencias en las trayectorias de los síntomas. Usando Growth Mixture Modeling analizamos diferentes trayectorias de síntomas depresivos en 1.072 adolescentes chilenos (12-15 años, 54% mujeres, NSE diverso. Primero, se seleccionó un modelo basal y luego se utilizó la irritabilidad del adolescente, la calidez, demanda y falta de respeto de la madre como predictores de la pertenencia a las clases. Se seleccionó un modelo con cuatro clases latentes de síntomas depresivos: alta persistente (12%, baja estable (56%, decreciente (15% y creciente (17%. La clase baja estable fue la más prevalente y se caracterizó por alto nivel de calidez maternal y bajo nivel de falta de respeto materna e irritabilidad del adolescente, en tanto que la clase alta persistente presentó características opuestas (baja calidez y alta demanda materna e irritabilidad del adolescente. Se observaron diferencias en la prevalencia de clases por sexo. Estos resultados resaltan la importancia de identificar diferentes trayectorias de síntomas depresivos y sus predictores. La asociación entre las dimensiones parentales y las trayectorias de síntomas depresivos persistentes provee evidencia de que los comportamientos parentales pueden servir, tanto como factores protectores como de riesgo.

IMPACTO DE LA HIPERTENSIÓN ARTERIAL COMO FACTOR DE RIESGO CARDIOVASCULAR

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E.U. María Teresa Lira C.

2015-03-01

Full Text Available La Hipertensión Arterial (HTA continúa siendo un problema de Salud Pública relevante a nivel mundial. En Chile es la principal causa de morbimortalidad y el factor de riesgo de mayor carga atribuible para la patología cardiovascular isquècmica y el accidente cerebrovascular. En este artículo se revisa su prevalencia, el grado de conocimiento, el logro de su control y tratamiento, así como su riesgo atribuible analizando la carga de enfermedad y la pècrdida de años por discapacidad. Se presentan estudios del impacto de su inclusión en el AUGE, resultados de la intervención multidisciplinaria, su interacción con otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular y se comentan algunos aspectos de las actualizaciones de las guías internacionales para su manejo.

El factor espacial como determinante de la obesidad en la Región de Murcia

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López Hernández, Fernando Ant.

2008-01-01

Full Text Available La obesidad es uno de los problemas de salud más graves y de más rápido crecimiento en los países desarrollados. Esta enfermedad afecta a un gran porcentaje de la población, abarcando a todas las edades, sexos y condiciones sociales. La prevalencia de la obesidad ha aumentado y continúa incrementándose de forma alarmante en nuestra sociedad, adquiriendo proporciones epidémicas. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar los factores desencadenantes de la obesidad en la Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia, prestando especial interés a aquellos factores que presentan una componente espacial. Para llevara a cabo este estudio epidemiológico se ha realizado una encuesta a 741 individuos en toda la Región, en la que se recoge información tanto de hábitos de vida saludables como medidas antropométricas de los individuos. Los resultados del análisis apuntan a la importancia del factor espacial en la obesidad y presentando el mapa de obesidad de la CARM.

Algunas reflexiones sobre el tabaquismo como factor de riesgo para diferentes enfermedades

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Miriam Bolet Astoviza

2003-08-01

Full Text Available Se realizó una revisión sobre el tabaquismo como factor de riesgo para muchas enfermedades, entre ellas, las cardiovasculares, con el objetivo de profundizar sobre los efectos perjudiciales de esta drogadicción, y para que todos los médicos se actualicen sobre el tema. Trata la magnitud del problema, enfermedades que provoca, fumadores activos y pasivos, prevención y recomendaciones.A literature review on smoking as a risk factor in many diseases, particularly, the cardiovascular diseases was made to delve into the harmful effects of this drug addiction and to update the knowledge of all the physicians on this topic. This paper deals with the size of the problem, the diseases caused, active and passive smokers, prevention and recommendations.

Circunferência abdominal como preditor de evolução em 30 dias na síndrome coronariana aguda Circunferencia abdominal como predictor de evolución en 30 días en el Síndrome Coronario Agudo Abdominal circumference as a predictor of 30-day outcome in acute coronary syndrome

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Priscilla Azambuja Lopes de Souza

2011-05-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A circunferência abdominal (CA é a medida que mais se correlaciona com os fatores de risco e morte por doença cardiovascular. Entretanto, o impacto da obesidade no prognóstico de pacientes com doenças cardiovasculares permanece controverso e requer maiores esclarecimentos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a CA como preditor de evolução em 30 dias em pacientes que internaram com síndrome coronariana aguda (SCA, em hospital de referência no tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares. MÉTODOS: Coorte contemporânea com 267 pacientes que internaram por SCA e que foram seguidos por 30 dias após a alta levando em consideração os eventos cardiovasculares maiores - MACE - (óbito, reinfarto, reinternação para procedimentos de revascularização. Nas primeiras 24 horas da admissão, os pacientes responderam a um questionário e posteriormente tiveram a CA mensurada. A análise estatística foi realizada com SPSS 17.0, utilizando o teste do Qui-quadrado para variáveis categóricas e o teste t de Student para as variáveis numéricas, com o nível de significância de p FUNDAMENTO: La circunferencia abdominal (CA es la medición que se correlaciona con los factores de riesgo y la muerte por enfermedad cardiovascular. Sin embargo, el impacto de la obesidad en el pronóstico de los pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares sigue siendo controvertido y requiere una mayor clarificación. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la CA como un predictor de evolución en 30 días en pacientes que fueron hospitalizados con síndrome coronario agudo (SCA, en un hospital de referencia para el tratamiento de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. MÉTODOS: Cohorte contemporánea con 267 pacientes que fueron hospitalizados por SCA y que fueron seguidos durante 30 días después del alta, teniendo en cuenta los eventos cardiovasculares mayores - MACE - (muerte, reinfarto, rehospitalización por procedimientos de revascularización. En las primeras 24 horas del ingreso, los pacientes

Assessing peridomestic entomological factors as predictors for Lyme disease

Science.gov (United States)

Connally, N.P.; Ginsberg, H.S.; Mather, T.N.

2006-01-01

The roles of entomologic risk factors, including density of nymphal blacklegged ticks (Ixodes scapularis), prevalence of nymphal infection with the etiologic agent (Borrelia burgdorferi), and density of infected nymphs, in determining the risk of human Lyme disease were assessed at residences in the endemic community of South Kingstown, RI. Nymphs were sampled between May and July from the wooded edge around 51 and 47 residential properties in 2002 and 2003, respectively. Nymphs were collected from all residences sampled. Tick densities, infection rates, and densities of infected nymphs were all significantly higher around homes reporting Lyme disease histories in 2003, while only infection rates were significantly higher in 2002. However, densities of infected nymphs did not significantly predict the probability of Lyme disease at a residence (by logistic regression) in either year. There were no significant differences in entomologic risk factors between homes with state-confirmed Lyme disease histories and homes with self-reported cases (not reported to the state health department). Therefore, although entomologic risk factors tended to be higher at residences with cases of Lyme disease, entomological indices, in the absence of human behavior measures, were not useful predictors of Lyme disease at the scale of individual residences in a tick-endemic community.

Factors associated with death and predictors of one-month mortality from stroke in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria

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Owolabi Lukman Femi

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Background: In resource-poor setting, identification of predictors of death is of paramount importance for clinicians, so that specific therapies and management strategies can be applied to patients at high risk of dying. This study aims to determine the factors associated with death and predictors of in-patient mortality for stroke among a cohort of stroke patients in two tertiary centers in Northwestern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study of consecutive patients with acute stroke who were admitted to tertiary hospitals in northwestern Nigeria. A single observer, using pre-defined diagnostic criteria, recorded the information of interest including length of stay, outcome (dead or alive all through 30 days, time of death. Result: A total of 273 patients comprising 179 male and 94 female stroke patients were recruited. One hundred and seventy-four (63.7% had infarctive stroke while 99 (36.3% had hemorrhagic stroke (91 intracerebral and 8 sub-arachnoid hemorrhage. One-month mortality was 37%, and the majority was patients with hemorrhagic stroke (69.6%. About two-third (74.5% of the mortalities occurred during the first week of the event. Logistic regression showed that severe systolic blood pressure, severe diastolic pressure, second or more episode of stroke, severe GCS, seizures, abnormal pupillary size, hemorrhagic stroke type, presence of aspiration pneumonitis, RBS > 200 mg/dl were independent predictors of mortality in stroke. Conclusion: The present study provides information on factors associated with death in stroke. GCS < 8, seizures, abnormal pupillary size, hemorrhagic stroke, aspiration pneumonitis were independent predictors of mortality.

Predictores Para la Selección de Cadetes en Instituciones Militares Predictors for the Selection of Cadets in Military Institutions

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Alejandro Castro Solano

2005-05-01

Full Text Available En el marco de una investigación más amplia sobre predictores de éxito en el entrenamiento de cadetes militares argentinos, se presentan dos estudios. El primero analiza seis cohortes de egresados de una institución militar (1997-2003, atendiendo a la variabilidad en el rendimiento en su educación superior, relacionándolo con variables sociodemográficas (educación y ocupación parentales y estatus de pariente de militar. Los resultados indican que los promedios generales de carrera observan una tendencia descendente en el tiempo. El rendimiento militar muestra menor variabilidad, en tanto que los rendimientos académico y militar aparecen ligados al nivel educativo parental. En el segundo estudio se analiza la cohorte de ingresantes 2003, incluyéndose predictores tales como datos biográficos, valores, rasgos de personalidad y motivación. Cinco de las categorías consideradas discriminaban entre los grupos de cadetes con alto y bajo rendimiento: factores cognitivos relacionados con el rendimiento previo, la orientación vocacional y ciertos rasgos de liderazgo. Por otra parte, quienes obtenían calificaciones bajas en su primer año de estudios militares exhibían mayor motivación extrínseca, menor motivación intrínseca, estaban menos orientados al logro y su valor hegemónico era el poder.In the frame of a larger research on predictors of success in trainig of Argentinian military cadets, two studies are introduced. The first one analyzes six cohorts of graduates from a military educative institution (1997-2003, taking into account the variability in the achievement exhibited during their higher education, relating it to demographics variables (parental education and occupation and the status of being a military's relative. Results show academic averages are descending in a period of six years. Military achievement shows less variability, while both academic and military achievement seem to be associated to parental education. The

Psychological factors as predictors of suicidal ideation among adolescents in Malaysia.

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Norhayati Ibrahim

Full Text Available There has been a drastic increase in the rate of suicides over the past 45 years in Malaysia. The statistics show that adolescents aged between 16 and 19 years old are at high risk of committing suicide. This could be attributed to issues relating to the developmental stage of adolescents. During this stage, adolescents face challenges and are exposed to various stressful experiences and risk factors relating to suicide.The present study examined psychological factors (i.e., depression, anxiety and stress as predictors for suicidal ideation among adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 190 students (103 males and 87 females, aged 15 to 19 years old from two different schools in Kuala Lumpur. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21-item version (DASS-21 was used to measure depression, anxiety and stress among the students, and the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS to measure suicidal ideation. The data were analysed using Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis.The results show that 11.10%, 10.00%, and 9.50% of the students reported that they were experiencing severe depression, anxiety and stress, respectively. There were significant correlations between depression, anxiety, and stress with suicidal ideation. However, only depression was identified as a predictor for suicidal ideation.Hence, this study extends the role of depression in predicting suicidal ideation among adolescents in the Malaysian context. The findings imply that teenagers should be assisted in strengthening their positive coping strategies in managing distress to reduce depression and suicidal ideation.

Psychological factors as predictors of suicidal ideation among adolescents in Malaysia.

Science.gov (United States)

Ibrahim, Norhayati; Amit, Noh; Suen, Melia Wong Yuin

2014-01-01

There has been a drastic increase in the rate of suicides over the past 45 years in Malaysia. The statistics show that adolescents aged between 16 and 19 years old are at high risk of committing suicide. This could be attributed to issues relating to the developmental stage of adolescents. During this stage, adolescents face challenges and are exposed to various stressful experiences and risk factors relating to suicide. The present study examined psychological factors (i.e., depression, anxiety and stress) as predictors for suicidal ideation among adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 190 students (103 males and 87 females), aged 15 to 19 years old from two different schools in Kuala Lumpur. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21-item version (DASS-21) was used to measure depression, anxiety and stress among the students, and the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS) to measure suicidal ideation. The data were analysed using Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results show that 11.10%, 10.00%, and 9.50% of the students reported that they were experiencing severe depression, anxiety and stress, respectively. There were significant correlations between depression, anxiety, and stress with suicidal ideation. However, only depression was identified as a predictor for suicidal ideation. Hence, this study extends the role of depression in predicting suicidal ideation among adolescents in the Malaysian context. The findings imply that teenagers should be assisted in strengthening their positive coping strategies in managing distress to reduce depression and suicidal ideation.

Talent predictors

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Raquel Lorenzo

2007-07-01

Full Text Available The knowledge of talent predictors is the initial point for building diagnosis and encouragement procedures in this field. The meaning of word predictor is to anticipate the future, to divine. Early prediction of high performance is complex problem no resolute by the science yet. There are many discrepancies about what measure and how to do. The article analyze the art state in this problematic because the excellence is determined by the interaction between internal and environmental factors.

Learning and Study Strategies Inventory subtests and factors as predictors of National Board of Chiropractic Examiners Part 1 examination performance.

Science.gov (United States)

Schutz, Christine M; Dalton, Leanne; Tepe, Rodger E

2013-01-01

This study was designed to extend research on the relationship between chiropractic students' learning and study strategies and national board examination performance. Sixty-nine first trimester chiropractic students self-administered the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI). Linear trends tests (for continuous variables) and Mantel-Haenszel trend tests (for categorical variables) were utilized to determine if the 10 LASSI subtests and 3 factors predicted low, medium and high levels of National Board of Chiropractic Examiners (NBCE) Part 1 scores. Multiple regression was performed to predict overall mean NBCE examination scores using the 3 LASSI factors as predictor variables. Four LASSI subtests (Anxiety, Concentration, Selecting Main Ideas, Test Strategies) and one factor (Goal Orientation) were significantly associated with NBCE examination levels. One factor (Goal Orientation) was a significant predictor of overall mean NBCE examination performance. Learning and study strategies are predictive of NBCE Part 1 examination performance in chiropractic students. The current study found LASSI subtests Anxiety, Concentration, Selecting Main Ideas, and Test Strategies, and the Goal-Orientation factor to be significant predictors of NBCE scores. The LASSI may be useful to educators in preparing students for academic success. Further research is warranted to explore the effects of learning and study strategies training on GPA and NBCE performance.

La obesidad como factor de riesgo en el desarrollo de cáncer

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Deissy Herrera-Covarrubias

Full Text Available De acuerdo con la Organización Mundial de la Salud, cada año fallecen 3,4 millones de personas adultas por consecuencias del sobrepeso u obesidad. Personas con un índice de masa corporal superior a 30, presentan cierto aumento en la incidencia de algunas enfermedades entre las que se encuentran algunos tipos de cánceres. En esta revisión de tipo narrativa se aborda el papel que tiene el tejido adiposo como modulador del sistema endocrino y facilitador de la inflamación crónica subclínica. Se discute cómo la obesidad puede producir un microambiente favorable para el desarrollo de tumores, principalmente por el incremento del estrés oxidativo y en las concentraciones de diversas hormonas como la leptina, la insulina y la prolactina. Se concluye que, en conjunto, estos factores incrementan la probabilidad de desarrollar cáncer

Prevalence of previously undiagnosed abdominal aortic aneurysms in the area of Como: the ComoCuore "looking for AAA" ultrasonography screening.

Science.gov (United States)

Corrado, Giovanni; Durante, Alessandro; Genchi, Vincenzo; Trabattoni, Loris; Beretta, Sandro; Rovelli, Enza; Foglia-Manzillo, Giovanni; Ferrari, Giovanni

2016-08-01

The prognosis for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture is poor. Long-term follow-up of population-based randomized trials has demonstrated that ultrasound (US) screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) measuring 3 cm or greater decreases AAA-related mortality rates and is cost-effective. We though to prospectively perform during a 26-month period a limited US examination of the infrarenal aorta in volunteers of both gender aged 60-85 years without history of AAA living in the area of Como, Italy. From September 2010 to November 2013 ComoCuore, a no-profit nongovernmental association, enrolled 1555 people (aged 68.8 ± 6.8 years; 48.6 % males). Clinical data and a US imaging of the aorta were collected for each participant. AAA was found in 22 volunteers (1.4 %) mainly males (2.5 % in males vs. 0.4 % in females p = 0.005). Overall, the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was higher in patients with vs. without AAA (mean 2.9 ± 3.0 vs. 1.4 ± 1.0 respectively, p AAA on multivariate analysis were age (OR 1.14, 1.06-1.22; p AAA in a large cohort of asymptomatic people. Independent predictors of AAA were male sex, older age and a history of smoking. Accordingly to recent data the prevalence of AAA seems to be declining, maybe due to a reduction of smoking in Italy.

Positive Psychology and Familial Factors as Predictors of Latina/o Students' Hope and College Performance

Science.gov (United States)

Cavazos Vela, Javier; Lerma, Eunice; Lenz, A. Stephen; Hinojosa, Karina; Hernandez-Duque, Omar; Gonzalez, Stacey L.

2014-01-01

We investigated the contributions of positive psychology and familial factors as predictors of hope and academic performance among 166 Latina/o college students enrolled at a Hispanic Serving Institution of Higher Education. The results indicated that presence of meaning in life, search for meaning in life, daily spiritual experiences, and…

Pre-treatment predictors and in-treatment factors associated with change in avoidant and dependent personality disorder traits among patients with social phobia.

Science.gov (United States)

Borge, Finn-Magnus; Hoffart, Asle; Sexton, Harold; Martinsen, Egil; Gude, Tore; Hedley, Liv Margaret; Abrahamsen, Gun

2010-01-01

We examined changes in avoidant and dependent personality disorder dimensions, and pre-treatment and in-treatment factors associated with such changes in 77 patients, randomized to medication-free residential cognitive (CT) or residential interpersonal therapy for social phobia. Personality disorders and personality dimensions according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) were assessed at pre-treatment and at one-year post-treatment. Both treatments were associated with a decrease in avoidant and dependent personality dimensions; dependent dimension decreased more in CT. Changes in cognitive factors predicted changes in both personality dimensions, whereas changes in symptoms or interpersonal factors did not. Change in the cognitive factor estimated cost was the most powerful predictor in the avoidant dimension, as it was the only predictor that remained significant in the forward regression analyses. Change in the cognitive factor estimated cost, and treatment were the most powerful predictors of change in the dependent dimension. Pre-treatment use of anxiolytics predicted larger changes in both PD dimensions.

Tipos de tabaquismo como factor de riesgo asociado a cáncer bucal. Reporte de dos casos

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Martha Rebolledo Cobos

2012-01-01

Full Text Available El tabaquismo corresponde a uno de los hábitos más comunes en la población mundial, tanto en hombres como en mujeres, siendo un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de lesiones neoplásicas malignas y premalignas en la cavidad bucal. Las diferentes formas de utilización de este hábito, como fumar cigarrillo de manera convencional, tabaquismo invertido y pasivo, presentan variables en cuanto a la incidencia y prevalencia de aparición de tumores, así como el tipo, cantidad y la intensidad de tabaco consumido. Las células epiteliales que recubren la mucosa bucal reaccionan como mecanismos de defensa ante el estímulo del humo y la combustión, al igual que frente a los sustancias químico- tóxicas que de ellos provienen; manifestándose como lesiones que varían entre leucoedemas, hiperqueratosis nicotínicas, fibrosis epiteliales, lesiones precancerosas, carcinomas in situ, hasta el desarrollo de verdaderas neoplasias malignas. El estomatólogo juega un rol fundamental en el diagnóstico oportuno y la prevención de estas afecciones, puesto que está entrenado para detectar cualquier lesión en estado incipiente, y así simplificar su tratamiento, mejorando la calidad de vida del paciente; pero mucho más importante que detectar la lesión es prevenir que aparezca, orientando, población y combatiendo los factores de riesgo. Se presentan dos casos de pacientes fumadoras activas que acudieron al servicio de Estomatología y Cirugía Oral de la Fundación Universitaria San Martín, sede Puerto Colombia, por presentar lesiones tumorales en cavidad bucal semejantes clínicamente a carcinomas bucales; a quienes se les realizaron biopsias que confirmaron diagnósticos de carcinoma escamocelular.

Value of Von Willebrand Factor as a Predictor for Osteoporosis Development in Women with Hypothyroidism

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I.V. Pankiv

2015-08-01

Full Text Available The paper presents the study of the value of von Willebrand factor as a marker of endothelial dysfunction for osteoporosis development and for prediction of risk of its formation in women with hypothyroidism. Postmenopausal women with hypothyroidism have significant increase of von Willebrand factor at lumbar osteopenia. High concentrations of von Willebrand factor in women with hypothyroidism follows to consider it as a predictor for osteoporosis development. Increased level of С-reactive protein belongs to the unfavorable prognostic signs in relation to the decline of bone mineral density for patients with primary hypothyroidism.

Factores predictores del consumo de tabaco entre adolescentes del Colegio Universitario Santiago de Cali, 2005

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Yamileth Ortiz-Gómez

2009-01-01

Resultados: La prevalencia del consumo fue 40,5% [IC: 34,8-46,4]. En los tres modelos, el consumo de amigos tuvo un OR 2,31, IC 95% [1,06-5,04]; el fumar si un amigo se lo brinda, presentó un OR 7,45, [IC 95% 3,9-14,0] y la exposición al humo de cigarrillo explican el consumo de tabaco con un OR 2,18, [IC 95% 1,23-3,87]; Test Hosmer-Lemeshow, Ji2=10,6 y P=0,2253. Conclusión: En este grupo de adolescentes solo los amigos se encontraron como posibles predictores del consumo de tabaco; aunque hubo cierto consumo por parte de los padres, no fue estadísticamente significativo, pero sí lo fue para la exposición al humo fuera del hogar. No hubo asociación con alcohol o sustancias psicoactivas.

Prevalence, associated factors and predictors of anxiety: a community survey in Selangor, Malaysia

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Kader Maideen, Siti Fatimah; Mohd Sidik, Sherina; Rampal, Lekhraj; Mukhtar, Firdaus

2015-01-01

Background Anxiety is the most common mental health disorders in the general population. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety, its associated factors and the predictors of anxiety among adults in the community of Selangor, Malaysia. Methods A cross sectional study was carried out in three districts in Selangor, Malaysia. The inclusion criteria of this study were Malaysian citizens, adults aged 18 years and above, and living in the selected living quarters based on the list ...

El turismo cultural como factor estratégico de desarrollo: el Camino de Santiago

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Precedo Ledo, Andrés

2007-06-01

Full Text Available The objective of this investigation is to study one of the strategies of territorial marketing of greater success: the promotion of the Way of Santiago and the mark of the Xacobeo. The approach of the study attack from the perspective of its contribution to the territorial, as much rural development (the Galician section of the Way like urban (the city of Santiago de Compostela. The departure hypothesis is that, in both cases, the cultural tourism has worked like a complementary factor of development being necessary to insert it in a model of integrated development to optimize its potential of share capital.

El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar una de las estrategias de marketing territorial de mayor éxito: la promoción del Camino de Santiago y la marca del Xacobeo. El enfoque del estudio se aborda desde la perspectiva de su contribución al desarrollo territorial, tanto rural (el tramo gallego del Camino como urbano (la ciudad de Santiago de Compostela. La hipótesis de partida es que, en ambos casos, el turismo cultural ha funcionado como un factor complementario de desarrollo siendo necesario insertarlo en un modelo de desarrollo integrado para optimizar su potencial de capital social.

Dolor de la cintura pélvica en la embarazada como predictor de la depresión postparto

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Sanz Falcón, María Juana

2017-01-01

Tesis Doctoral leída en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos de Madrid en 2014. Directores de la Tesis: Carlos Goicoechea García y Josué Fernández Carnero Tanto el dolor lumbopélvico como la depresión postparto son complicaciones frecuentes durante el embarazo y postparto. El dolor lumbopélvico es el tipo de dolor de espalda más común, afecta a la región lumbar, la región pélvica o a ambas. Su etiopatogenia es compleja y en ella desempeñan un importante papel los factores emocionales. Su alta...

La internacionalización de las pymes como factor de salida a la crisis.

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Martínez García, Francisco Javier; Montoya del Corte, Javier

2011-01-01

La elevada contribución de las Pymes a la tasa de empleo, así como su aportación al PIB, son factores que denotan su importancia dentro del tejido empresarial de nuestro país. Esta relevancia justifica la necesidad de dirigir principalmente una especial atención, buscando aquellos instrumentos, herramientas y estrategias que les permita combatir las dificultades del escenario económico en que nos encontramos desde 2008.

Infratentorial posterior circulation stroke in a Nigerian population: Clinical characteristics, risk factors, and predictors of outcome

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Lukman Femi Owolabi

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Background: Posterior circulation stroke (PCS, though less common, differs from stroke in anterior circulation in many aspects. Relatively, it portends a poorer prognosis. However, there is a paucity of data from African countries, in particular, where stroke is a menace. Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the etiology, clinical characteristics, outcome, and predictors of outcome in a cohort of patients with IPCS in Northwestern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Out of 595 patients with stroke, we prospectively analyzed 57 patients with PCS in a Tertiary Care Center in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria. Patients were analyzed for demographic data, risk factors, clinical characteristics, stroke subtypes, mortality, and predictors of mortality. Results: Posterior circulation ischemic stroke accounted for 57 (9.6% of 595 of all strokes seen in the study period. They comprised 44 males (mean age 47.8 ± 17.7 and 13 females (mean age 46.3 ± 13.7. Overall, their age ranged between 24 and 90 (mean age 47.4 ± 16.7. However, 52.7% of the patients were < 45 years of age. The most common site affected was the cerebellum seen in 33 (57.9% patients. Hypertension was the most common risk factor (86%. Headache and vertigo were the most common features accounting for 83.6% and 86.3%, respectively. Thirty-eight (66.7% patients had an ischemic stroke. Twenty-one (36.8% of the patients died during the 1-month period of follow-up. Independent predictors of death in the study were hyperglycemia on admission and hemorrhagic stroke. Conclusions: IPCS occurred in a relatively younger age group. Headache and vertigo were the most common symptoms. The independent predictors of death in the study were hyperglycemia at presentation and hemorrhagic stroke.

LA PESCA COMO FACTOR DE DESARROLLO DEL TURISMO SOSTENIBLE. EL CASO DE ÁGUILAS (MURCIA

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Pedro Pérez Piernas

2012-01-01

Full Text Available De los municipios del litoral murciano, el de Águilas ha sido el que menos ha desarrollado la actividad turística, debido a que ha centrado su economía en la agricultura y la pesca. No por ello ha quedado al margen del proceso turístico urbanizador que ha afectado al Arco Mediterráneo en la pasada década, aunque no ha llegado a desarrollar su macroproyecto turístico de Marina de Cope. Entre mayo de 2004 y 2006, Águilas, junto a otros puertos pesqueros del Mediterráneo Occidental, participa en el proyecto MARIMED: la pesca como factor de desarrollo del turismo sostenible, iniciativa INTERREG III-B, cuyo fin es el desarrollo de formas de turismo teniendo como elemento central e innovador la pesca, considerada como sistema social, económico y cultural, capaz de ofrecer un valor añadido al beneficio del mar. Con los estudios realizados en el proyecto MARIMED se recogen los materiales necesarios para la puesta en valor del la pesca como recurso turístico en Águilas. Sobre esa base se pone en marcha en 2009 el Plan de Competitividad Turística de Águilas, el Mar y la Pesca. Con esta aportación se pretende analizar el desarrollo de un producto turístico nuevo sobre un espacio donde la tradición pesquera ha dejado una huella importante en su paisaje y cultura.

Los grupos de socialización como factor protector contra la depresión en personas ancianas: Baranquilla, Colombia

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Tuesca-Molina Rafael

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Fundamento: La depresión en personas ancianas es un problema de salud pública dada su prevalencia y comorbilidad. Los objetivos de este trabajo son determinar el papel de los grupos de socialización como factor protector para depresión; determinar otros factores socioculturales asociados; estimar la prevalencia y determinar la concordancia de las pruebas de cribado para depresión - criterios de la Asociación Americana de Psiquiatría y el test de Hamilton. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Participaron 602 personas ancianas de entre 60 y 94 años (223 varones y 379 mujeres, muestra representativa para la población residente del sur-occidente de Barranquilla, Colombia. Previo consentimiento, se aplicó una encuesta de administración directa. Se estudiaron las variables demográficas, socioeconómicas, limitación física, enfermedades degenerativas, disfunción familiar y dos tests de depresión para determinar la concordancia. Se realizó análisis bivariado entre la depresión y la pertinencia a grupos de socialización al igual que la depresión y otras variables. Se determinó análisis de cribado e índice de Kappa para la concordancia de pruebas. Resultados: La participación en grupos de socialización fue un factor protector de presentar depresión. (OR: 0,5, IC 95%: 0,34-0,73. La prevalencia de depresión fue de 29,9% (IC95%: 21,4%-39,4%, siendo en los varones 32,7%. La concordancia con el test de Kappa fue 0,63. (moderada a buena La sensibilidad fue del 56,1%, (48,5% a 63,4%; la especificidad de 99,3%, (IC95%: 97,8%-99,8% y el valor predictivo positivo del 97,1% ( IC95%: 97,2%-99,3%. Conclusiones: Esta investigación determina factores de riesgo para padecer depresión en ancianos potencialmente modificables. La participación en grupos de socialización es un factor protector. La disfunción familiar de tipo moderado y severo, las limitaciones sensoriales como ceguera y sordera, la soledad, ausencia de vivienda y bajos

Predictors of School Garden Integration: Factors Critical to Gardening Success in New York City.

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Burt, Kate Gardner; Burgermaster, Marissa; Jacquez, Raquel

2018-03-01

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of integration of school gardens and identify factors that predict integration. 211 New York City schools completed a survey that collected demographic information and utilized the School Garden Integration Scale. A mean garden integration score was calculated, and multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine independent predictors of integration and assess relationships between individual integration characteristics and budget. The average integration score was 34.1 (of 57 points) and ranged from 8 to 53. Operating budget had significant influence on integration score, controlling for all other factors ( p integrated, as budget is a modifiable factor. When adequate funding is secured, a well-integrated garden may be established with proper planning and sound implementation.

FACTORES ASOCIADOS CON EL DESEMPEÑO DEL PERSONAL QUE LABORA COMO OFICIALES DE TRÁNSITO Y SEGURIDAD EN LA UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA

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Ernestina Aguirre Vidaurre

2012-04-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los resultados de la investigación Factores que afectan el desempeño laboral de los y las oficiales de Tránsito y Seguridad, llevada a cabo en la Sede Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio de la Universidad de Costa Rica, durante el primer semestre del año 2009. La población estuvo conformada por 57 oficiales de tránsito y seguridad. Se aplicó un diseño cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la guía de observación y el cuestionario, los cuales fueron validados previamente. Los aspectos por analizar fueron las incapacidades, factores de riesgo que generan incapacitaciones, así como aquellos eventos que dañen el bienestar del trabajador; también, se emplearon resultados que proporcionó el Diagnóstico de Atención Primaria Ambiental (APA. Este estudio evidenció una alta incidencia de enfermedades crónicas que empeoran al exponerse a factores propios del trabajo, así como por la práctica de inadecuados estilos de vida como el tabaquismo, una mala alimentación y el sedentarismo. Del mismo modo, se presentan factores protectores como alto grado de satisfacción laboral, adecuadas relaciones interpersonales, conocimiento de los derechos y deberes laborales. Existen factores de riesgo como el grupo etáreo, jornadas laborales excesivas, horarios rotativos, así como alta movilidad por el campus. Como principal hallazgo se encontró que las causas más frecuentes de incapacidad laboral son las caídas y la gripe. Se concluye que los beneficios de un ambiente de trabajo saludable no se reducen al fortalecimiento de la salud del trabajador (a, sino a brindar un aporte positivo a la productividad e incrementar la motivación laboral, el espíritu de trabajo, la satisfacción en el trabajo y la calidad de vida general, aspectos que forman parte del objetivo de la práctica de la enfermera (o en estos espacios.

A estética como factor promotor da aprendizagem

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Fátima Maria BEZERRA BARBOSA

2012-02-01

Full Text Available La reflexión filosófica sobre el arte, lo hermoso, lo bueno, lo verdadero y su capacidad de promover el desarrollo humano es un tema que remonta a Platón en la cultura occidental. Considerando que la educación debe ser entendida como un fenómeno integral, que abarca no sólo las dimensiones intelectuales sino también las dimensiones sensibles, la intuición y el raciocinio, las capacidades imaginativas y creativas, el «saber ser» y el «saber estar» parejas del «conocer» y del «saber hacer», pensamos que es incuestionable la importancia de la estética en el fenómeno educativo. El objetivo de este trabajo es demostrar la importancia de la educación estética como motor fundamental de desarrollo humano y, en este sentido, como catalizador de la motivación y del aprendizaje, para que, a través de la imaginación y de la creatividad, sea posible la innovación en la construcción de vías alternativas para un mundo más humano y placentero.

Child, Parent and Family Factors as Predictors of Adjustment for Siblings of Children with a Disability

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Giallo, R.; Gavidia-Payne, S.

2006-01-01

Background: Siblings adjust to having a brother or sister with a disability in diverse ways. This study investigated a range of child, parent and family factors as predictors of sibling adjustment outcomes. Methods: Forty-nine siblings (aged 7-16 years) and parents provided information about (1) sibling daily hassles and uplifts; (2) sibling…

La fatiga como estado motivacional subjetivo

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D. Cárdenas; J. Conde-González; J.C. Perales

2017-01-01

Actualmente no existe consenso sobre los factores que determinan la aparición de la fatiga. Hay factores que se derivan exclusivamente del esfuerzo físico, otros que dependen del esfuerzo mental que este lleva aparejado, y otros de los resultados de la tarea que se está realizando. Como consecuencia, se han desarrollado diferentes modelos explicativos que pretenden aunar las diferentes razones de su aparición. No obstante, la tendencia actual es entender la fatiga como un estado motivacion...

Vasculites e eosinófilos em biópsia endomiocárdica, como preditores de rejeição em transplante cardíaco Vasculitis y eosinófilos en biopsia endomiocárdica, como predictores de rechazo en transplante cardíaco Vasculitides and eosinophils in emdomyocardial biopsies as rejection predictors in heart transplantation

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Reginaldo Cipullo

2011-08-01

precedieron rechazo agudo; y (2 Biopsias no predictoras: aquellas que no precedieron rechazo agudo. Comparamos la ocurrencia de los siguientes hallazgos histológicos: vasculitis, lesiones isquémicas, efecto Quilty y eosinófilos por análisis uni y multivariado entre los grupos. RESULTADOS: Después de análisis estadístico se verificó la presencia de vasculitis intensa y de eosinófilos como mayores predictores para rechazo agudo futuro, presentando respectivamente las siguientes razones de posibilidad: 10,60 (IC95%: 3,62 - 31,06. p BACKGROUND: The clinical significance of vasculitides, ischemic lesions, Quilty effect and the presence of eosinophils in endomyocardial biopsies of heart transplantation recipients with mild rejection has yet to be established. OBJECTIVE: To verify whether these histological findings observed in endomyocardial biopsies (eosinophils, vasculitides, Quilty effect and ischemic lesions are capable of predicting acute graft rejection. METHODS: A total of 1,012 consecutive endomyocardial biopsies were reevaluated; of these, 939 were classified as OR or 1R according to the Nomenclature of the International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation of 2005 and divided in two groups: (1 Predictive biopsies: those that preceded acute rejection; and (2 Nonpredictive biopsies: those that did not precede acute rejection. We compared the occurrence of the following histological findings: vasculitides, ischemic lesions, Quilty effect and eosinophils between the groups by uni- and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: The statistical analysis showed that the presence of severe vasculitides and eosinophils were the best predictors for future acute rejection, with the following odds ratios: 10.60 (95%CI: 3.62 - 31.06. p < 0.001 and 6.26 (95%CI: 3.16 - 12.43, p < 0.001. CONCLUSION: Severe vasculitides and eosinophils in myocardial biopsies are the main predictive factors of acute graft rejection post-heart transplantation.

Factores psicológicos relacionados con las clases de educación física como predictores de la intención de la práctica de actividad física en el tiempo libre en estudiantes

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Antonio Baena-Extremera

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Resumen Debido al aumento del sedentarismo entre los jóvenes, conocer la intención de práctica de actividad física en esta población puede ser determinante a la hora de inculcar futuros hábitos de práctica física para mejorar la salud actual y futura de los escolares. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo fue hallar un modelo predictivo de la intención de práctica de actividad física en tiempo libre a partir de la motivación, la satisfacción y la competencia. La muestra fue de 347 hombres y 411 mujeres de educación secundaria en España, con edades de entre 13 y 18 años. Se utilizó un cuestionario compuesto por el Sport Motivation Scale, Sport Satisfaction Instrument, el factor competencia de Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scalee Intention to partake in leisure-time physicalactivity, todos ellos adaptados a la Educación Física escolar. Se realizaron análisis factoriales confirmatorios y modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. La intención de práctica fue predicha por la competencia y ésta por la satisfacción/diversión. La motivación intrínseca se mostró como el mejor predictor de la satisfacción/diversión. Para predecir la intención de práctica física se debería potenciar la motivación intrínseca entre el alumnado de Educación Física.

Predictors of anxiety in centenarians: health, economic factors, and loneliness.

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Ribeiro, Oscar; Teixeira, Laetitia; Araújo, Lia; Afonso, Rosa Marina; Pachana, Nancy

2015-07-01

Centenarians' psychological well-being is presently of great interest in psychogeriatric research but little is known about factors that specifically account for the presence of clinically relevant anxiety symptoms in this age group. This study examined the presence of anxiety and its predictors in a sample of centenarians and aims to contribute to a better understanding of anxiety determinants in extreme old age. We examined how socio-demographic, health, functional, and social factors contribute to the presence of clinically significant anxiety symptoms in centenarians recruited from two Portuguese centenarian studies. The Geriatric Anxiety Inventory - Short Form (GAI-SF) was used to assess anxiety symptoms. A total of 97 centenarians (mean age 101.1 years; SD = 1.5 years; range = 100-108) with no/minor cognitive impairment were included. Clinically significant anxiety symptoms (GAI-SF ≥3) were present in 45.4% (n = 44) of the sample. Main predictive factors included worse health perception, higher number of medical conditions, financial concerns related to medical expenses (income inadequacy) and loneliness. Results suggest that along with health status (subjective and objective), income inadequacy related to medical expenses and feeling lonely may predispose centenarians to clinically significant anxiety and be important to their overall well-being. Further research is needed on the repercussions of clinical anxiety in centenarians' quality of life and on co-morbid conditions (e.g. depression) at such advanced ages.

El Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos como factor condicionante de la reforma y la mutación constitucional

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Castro Padilla, Fernando

2016-01-01

La presente tesis doctoral parte del reconocimiento de la existencia de una serie de factores que identifican, actualmente, a distintos Estados democráticos iberoamericanos, a saber: 1.- Están dotados de Constituciones que se caracterizan por (i) ser textos normativos escritos, codificados y rígidos, (ii) que tienen la pretensión de consolidarse como normas con plena eficacia jurídica y como normas supremas dentro del ordenamiento jurídico estatal, y (iii) que tienen por propósito organiz...

Teoria organizacional para la gerencia humana como factor de desarrollo a escala humana

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Gregoria Polo de Lobatón

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Hoy, se debate en los países subdesarrollados y hasta en desarrollo caso América Latina el estancamiento económico rodeado de un mar de pobreza y exclusión social, en contrario, los paísesdesarrollados a partir de la crisis de 1929 muestran su crecimiento a partir de modelos de desarrollo económico como sustento teórico del pensamiento administrativo captado para las prácticas gerenciales; resultó útil identificar los aportes de la teoría del desarrollo como fundamentación de las teorías organizacionales y su incidencia en las prácticas gerenciales como factor de desarrollo. Metodológicamente la investigación se orientó en el enfoque cualitativo para el análisis fenomenológico de los datos encontrados en revisiones documentales. Los resultados determinaron que las prácticas gerenciales se fundamentan en teorías organizacionales clásicas y contemporáneas centradas en principios de eficiencia y productividad. A partir de las teorías contemporáneas un dinamismo con enfoques sociales y ambientales, su fundamento la escuela humana con los pensadores: Weber, Elton Mayo, reformistas y otros pensadores, que tenidas en cuenta para las prácticas gerenciales centradas en la suficiencia manifiestan interés por el acercamiento al desarrollo a escala humana.Palabras clave: Teorías organizacionales; paradigma de Gerencia Humana; Desarrollo a escala humana.Organizational theory for human management as a development factor to human scale AbstractToday, there are discussions in underdeveloped countries and even in developing ones, Latin American case, the economic halt surrounded by a sea of poverty and social exclusion, in contrast, developed countries starting from the crisis of 1929 show their growth from economic development models as a theoretical backup of the management thinking captured for management practices; proved useful to identify the contributions of development theory as the foundation of organizational theories and

Socioeconomic factors as predictors of organ donation.

Science.gov (United States)

Shah, Malay B; Vilchez, Valery; Goble, Adam; Daily, Michael F; Berger, Jonathan C; Gedaly, Roberto; DuBay, Derek A

2018-01-01

Despite numerous initiatives to increase solid organs for transplant, the gap between donors and recipients widens. There is little in the literature identifying socioeconomic predictors for donation. We evaluate the correlation between socioeconomic factors and familial authorization for donation. A retrospective analysis of adult potential donor referrals between 2007 and 2012 to our organ procurement organization (OPO) was performed. Potential donor information was obtained from the OPO database, death certificates, and the US Census Report. Data on demographics, education, residence, income, registry status, cause and manner of death, as well as OPO assessments and approach for donation were collected. End point was familial authorization for donation. A total of 1059 potential donors were included, with an overall authorization rate of 47%. The majority was not on the donor registry (73%). Younger donors (18-39 y: odds ratio [OR] = 4.9, P donation first mentioned by the local health care provider (OR = 1.8, P = 0.01) were also independently associated with higher authorization rates. Donor registration correlated most strongly with the highest authorization rates. These results indicate that public educational efforts in populations with unfavorable socioeconomic considerations may be beneficial in improving donor registration. Collaborations with local providers as well as OPO in-hospital assessments and approach techniques can help with improving authorization rates. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

La crisis de los frutos saludables como factor determinante de la "revolución de los comuneros"

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Luis Rubén Pérez-Pinzón

2014-07-01

Full Text Available El artículo reflexiona acerca de los discursos e imaginarios tradicionales sobre la Revolución de los Comuneros en Colombia y los contrasta con los análisis socioculturales y las descripciones etiopatológicas de dos curas párrocos ilustrados y protomédicos del siglo XVIII en la Nueva Granada con el propósito de demostrar como factores determinantes de la revuelta popular de 1781 las dificultades monopólicas y tributarias para acceder a las yerbas, frutas y bebidas populares consideradas medicinales y saludables, así como fuentes del bienestar ambiental y la prosperidad socioeconómica de los más pobres.

Changes in Situational and Dispositional Factors as Predictors of Job Satisfaction

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Keller, Anita C.; Semmer, Norbert K.

2013-01-01

Arguably, job satisfaction is one of the most important variables with regard to work. When explaining job satisfaction, research usually focuses on predictor variables in terms of levels but neglects growth rates. Therefore it remains unclear how potential predictors evolve over time and how their development affects job satisfaction. Using…

Predictors of mental health in female teachers.

Science.gov (United States)

Seibt, Reingard; Spitzer, Silvia; Druschke, Diana; Scheuch, Klaus; Hinz, Andreas

2013-12-01

Teaching profession is characterised by an above-average rate of psychosomatic and mental health impairment due to work-related stress. The aim of the study was to identify predictors of mental health in female teachers. A sample of 630 female teachers (average age 47 ± 7 years) participated in a screening diagnostic inventory. Mental health was surveyed with the General Health Questionnaire GHQ-12. The following parameters were measured: specific work conditions (teacher-specific occupational history), scales of the Effort-Reward-Imbalance (ERI) Questionnaire as well as cardiovascular risk factors, physical complaints (BFB) and personal factors such as inability to recover (FABA), sense of coherence (SOC) and health behaviour. First, mentally fit (MH(+)) and mentally impaired teachers (MH(-)) were differentiated based on the GHQ-12 sum score (MH(+): teachers showed evidence of mental impairment. There were no differences concerning work-related and cardiovascular risk factors as well as health behaviour between MH(+) and MH(-). Binary logistic regressions identified 4 predictors that showed a significant effect on mental health. The effort-reward-ratio proved to be the most relevant predictor, while physical complaints as well as inability to recover and sense of coherence were identified as advanced predictors (explanation of variance: 23%). Contrary to the expectations, classic work-related factors can hardly contribute to the explanation of mental health. Additionally, cardiovascular risk factors and health behaviour have no relevant influence. However, effort-reward-ratio, physical complaints and personal factors are of considerable influence on mental health in teachers. These relevant predictors should become a part of preventive arrangements for the conservation of teachers' health in the future.

Predictors of clinical outcome in total hip and knee replacement : a methodological appraisal of implants and patient factors

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Keurentjes, Johan Christiaan

2014-01-01

In this thesis, we studied both implants and patient and surgeon factors as predictors of clinical outcome after total hip and knee replacement. Additionally, we studied a number of methodological aspects of orthopaedic research, such as competing risks in estimating the probability of revision

Predictores socio-contextuales y motivacionales de la intención de continuar participando: Un análisis desde la SDT en danza. (Social-contextual and motivational predictors of intentions to continue participation: A test of SDT in dance.

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Isabel Balaguer

2011-07-01

Full Text Available ResumenEn el marco de la Teoría de la Autodeterminación (Deci y Ryan, 1985; 2000, se estudiaron los predictores socio-contextuales y motivacionales de la intención de seguir practicando danza, y el papel del burnout en estas relaciones, poniendo a prueba dos modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Los participantes, 197 bailarines vocacionales, completaron los cuestionarios con las variables clave de interés. Los resultados revelaron que las percepciones del apoyo a la autonomía ofrecidas por el profesor de danza actuó como predictor positivo de la motivación autónoma (motivación intrínseca, regulación integrada y regulación identificada y como predictor negativo de la motivación controlada (regulación externa y regulación introyectada y de la no motivación. A su vez, la intención de seguir participando en danza fue predicha positivamente por la motivación autónoma y negativamente por la motivación controlada y por la no motivación. En el segundo modelo, la incorporación del burnout como antecedente inmediato de la intención, aumentó la varianza explicada de la intención de continuar participando. La motivación autónoma actuó como predictor negativo del burnout mientras que la motivación controlada y la no motivación presentaron asociaciones positivas con éste. A su vez el burnout se mostró como predictor negativo de la intención de continuar en danza. Los resultados ofrecen apoyo a la teoría de la autodeterminación y destacan los beneficios de promover la motivación autónoma a través de interacciones de apoyo a la autonomía, en un contexto tan complejo como la danza, en el que se valoran tanto los aspectos técnicos como los artísticos.AbstractGrounded in the framework of self-determination theory (Deci y Ryan, 1985; 2000, socio-contextual and motivational predictors of intentions to continue participation in dance, and the role of burnout in these relationships were studied through the testing of two

El factor de crecimiento transformante beta como blanco terapéutico Transforming growth factor-beta as a therapeutic target

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Francisco Javier Gálvez-Gastélum

2004-08-01

Full Text Available El factor de crecimiento transformante beta (TGF-beta es una familia de proteínas que incluye al TGF-beta, activinas y a la proteína morfogénica de hueso (BMP, por sus siglas en inglés, citocinas que son secretadas y se relacionan estructuralmente en diferentes especies de metazoarios. Los miembros de la familia del TGF-beta regulan diferentes funciones celulares como proliferación, apoptosis, diferenciación, migración, y tienen un papel clave en el desarrollo del organismo. El TGF-beta está implicado en varias patologías humanas, incluyendo desórdenes autoinmunes y vasculares, así como enfermedades fibróticas y cáncer. La activación del receptor del TGF-beta propicia su fosforilación en residuos de serina/treonina y dispara la fosforilación de proteínas efectoras intracelulares (smad, que una vez activas se translocan al núcleo para inducir la transcripción de genes blanco, y así regular procesos y funciones celulares. Se están desarrollando novedosas estrategias terapéuticas encaminadas a corregir las alteraciones presentes en patologías que involucran al TGF-beta como actor principal.Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta family members include TGF-beta, activins, and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP. These proteins are structurally related cytokines secreted in diverse Metazoans. TGF-beta family members regulate cellular functions such as proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and migration, and play an important role in organism development. Deregulated TGF-beta family signaling participates in various human pathologies including auto-immune diseases, vascular disorders, fibrotic disease, and cancer. Ligand-induced activation of TGF-beta family receptors with intrinsic serine/threonine kinase activity, triggers phosphorylation of the intracellular effectors of TGF-beta signaling, the Smads proteins. Once these proteins are activated they translocate into the nucleus, where they induce transcription of target

La Inteligencia Emocional como predictora del Rendimiento Académico: el contexto pluricultural de Ceuta

OpenAIRE

Federico Pulido Acosta; Francisco Herrera Clavero

2015-01-01

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo fundamental conocer los predictores dela Inteligencia Emocional (IE) y el Rendimiento Académico (RA) del alumnado de la ciudad de Ceuta, para lo que se contó con 1186 participantes, de 9 centros educativos distintos, que reflejan la pluriculturalidad de la ciudad; de los cuales, el 57.8% son mujeres y el 42.2% varones, y el 58.9% de cultura/religión musulmana y el 41.1% cristianos. Como instrumentos de evaluación se emplearon una adaptación propia del MSCEIT (...

Analysis of forecasting malaria case with climatic factors as predictor in Mandailing Natal Regency: a time series study

Science.gov (United States)

Aulia, D.; Ayu, S. F.; Matondang, A.

2018-01-01

Malaria is the most contagious global concern. As a public health problem with outbreaks, affect the quality of life and economy, also could lead to death. Therefore, this research is to forecast malaria cases with climatic factors as predictors in Mandailing Natal Regency. The total number of positive malaria cases on January 2008 to December 2016 were taken from health department of Mandailing Natal Regency. Climates data such as rainfall, humidity, and temperature were taken from Center of Statistic Department of Mandailing Natal Regency. E-views ver. 9 is used to analyze this study. Autoregressive integrated average, ARIMA (0,1,1) (1,0,0)12 is the best model to explain the 67,2% variability data in time series study. Rainfall (P value = 0.0005), temperature (P value = 0,0029) and humidity (P value = 0.0001) are significant predictors for malaria transmission. Seasonal adjusted factor (SAF) in November and March shows peak for malaria cases.

Predictors of mental health in female teachers

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Reingard Seibt

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Objective: Teaching profession is characterised by an above-average rate of psychosomatic and mental health impairment due to work-related stress. The aim of the study was to identify predictors of mental health in female teachers. Material and Methods: A sample of 630 female teachers (average age 47±7 years participated in a screening diagnostic inventory. Mental health was surveyed with the General Health Questionnaire GHQ-12. The following parameters were measured: specific work conditions (teacher-specific occupational history, scales of the Effort-Reward-Imbalance (ERI Questionnaire as well as cardiovascular risk factors, physical complaints (BFB and personal factors such as inability to recover (FABA, sense of coherence (SOC and health behaviour. Results: First, mentally fit (MH+ and mentally impaired teachers (MH- were differentiated based on the GHQ-12 sum score (MH+: < 5; MH-: ≥ 5; 18% of the teachers showed evidence of mental impairment. There were no differences concerning work-related and cardiovascular risk factors as well as health behaviour between MH+ and MH-. Binary logistic regressions identified 4 predictors that showed a significant effect on mental health. The effort-reward-ratio proved to be the most relevant predictor, while physical complaints as well as inability to recover and sense of coherence were identified as advanced predictors (explanation of variance: 23%. Conclusion: Contrary to the expectations, classic work-related factors can hardly contribute to the explanation of mental health. Additionally, cardiovascular risk factors and health behaviour have no relevant influence. However, effort-reward-ratio, physical complaints and personal factors are of considerable influence on mental health in teachers. These relevant predictors should become a part of preventive arrangements for the conservation of teachers' health in the future.

Predictores Selectivos en el Sector Público: Validez Predictiva y Reacciones de los Candidatos

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Alexander Rodríguez

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación ha tenido como objetivo profundizar en el conocimiento sobre el funcionamiento de los procedimientos selectivos en el sector público. Para ello, a partir de los datos del concurso-oposición de 2010 para la selección de auxiliares administrativos en el Gobierno Vasco se estudiaron dos cuestiones: a la validez predictiva de los predictores empleados y b la justicia percibida por parte de los auxiliares con respecto al proceso selectivo y a las pruebas empleadas y su relación con el resultado en las mismas y el desempeño laboral. Los resultados muestran que la prueba de conocimientos es el mejor predictor del desempeño y que las reacciones de los candidatos presentan una correlación positiva con el desempeño laboral y con el resultado en el test de juicio situacional. Se comentan las limitaciones de la investigación así como las implicaciones prácticas de los resultados.

Prevalence, associated factors and predictors of depression among adults in the community of Selangor, Malaysia.

Science.gov (United States)

Kader Maideen, Siti Fatimah; Sidik, Sherina Mohd; Rampal, Lekhraj; Mukhtar, Firdaus

2014-01-01

Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders and is an emerging public health problem. The objectives of this paper were to determine the prevalence of depression, its associated factors and the predictors of depression among adults in the community of Selangor. A cross sectional study was conducted in three districts in Selangor, from 11th June to 30th December 2012. The sampling frame was obtained from the Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOS) in May 2012, using the National Population and Housing Census 2010. Adults aged 18 years and above, living in the selected living quarters were approached to participate in the study and requested to complete a set of questionnaires. A total of 1,556 out of 2,152 participants participated in this study, giving an overall study response rate of 61.90%. Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used to determine the presence of depression. The prevalence of depression was 10.3%, based on the PHQ-9 cut off point of 10 and above. Based on multiple logistic regression analysis, the predictors of depression were presence of anxiety, serious problems at work, unhappy relationship with children, high perceived stress, domestic violence, unhappy relationship with spouse, low self-esteem, unhappy relationship with family, serious financial constraint and presence of chronic diseases. When reanalyzed after removing anxiety, high perceived stress and low self-esteem, additional predictors of depression were found to be serious marital problems and religiosity. The prevalence of depression in this study is similar to that found in other studies. Findings from this study are being used as baseline data to develop an effective program to assist in the management of common mental health disorders in the community, in particular depression. The identification of predictors of depression in the community is important to identify the target population for the program.

What are the antioxidant status predictors' factors among male chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients?

Science.gov (United States)

Pirabbasi, Elham; Najafiyan, Mahin; Cheraghi, Maria; Shahar, Suzana; Abdul Manaf, Zahara; Rajab, Norfadilah; Abdul Manap, Roslina

2012-11-04

Imbalance between antioxidant and oxidative stress is a major risk factor for pathogenesis of some chronic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to determine antioxidant and oxidative stress status, and also theirs association with respiratory function of male COPD patients to find the antioxidant predictors' factors. A total of 149 subjects were involved in a cross-sectional study. The study was conducted at two medical centers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Results of the study showed that plasma vitamin C was low in most of the subjects (86.6%). Total antioxidant capacity was the lowest in COPD stage IV compare to other stages (p < 0.05). Level of plasma vitamin A (p= 0.012) and vitamin C (p= 0.007) were low in malnourished subjects. The predictors for total antioxidant capacity were forced vital capacity (FVC) % predicted and intake of ?-carotene (R2= 0.104, p= 0.002). Number of cigarette (pack/ year) and smoking index (number/ year) were not associated with total antioxidant capacity of this COPD population. Plasma oxidative stress as assessed plasma lipid peroxidation (LPO) was only positively correlated with plasma glutathione (p= 0.002). It might be a need to evaluate antioxidant status especially in older COPD patients to treat antioxidant deficiency which is leading to prevent COPD progression.

Factores predictores de éxito según género en el tratamiento del tabaquismo Predictors of outcome of a smoking cessation treatment by gender

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Adriana Marqueta

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Analizar los factores predictores de los resultados del tratamiento del tabaquismo según sexo, en personas fumadoras que solicitan tratamiento para dejar de fumar en una unidad de tabaquismo. Métodos: Estudio transversal en personas fumadoras que iniciaron tratamiento en una unidad de tabaquismo entre los años 2002 y 2007. Se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, de patrón de consumo, del entorno del paciente respecto al tabaco y la presencia de comorbilidad psiquiátrica. Se realizó tratamiento multicomponente: psicológico y farmacológico. Se consideró éxito del tratamiento la abstinencia continua validada con CO Objective: To identify factors predictive of the outcome of a smoking cessation program by gender. Methods: A cross-sectional study of smokers starting treatment in a smoking cessation clinic from 2002 to 2007 was conducted. The variables consisted of data on sociodemographic factors, smoking habits, the social context of smoking and psychiatric comorbidity prior to or during the smoking cessation process. All patients received multicomponent treatment consisting of psychological and pharmacological interventions. Success was defined as self-reported continuous abstinence confirmed by cooximetry (CO <10ppm. Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors predictive of success. Results: A total of 1302 persons (52.1% men and 47.9% women, with a mean age of 43.4 (10.2 years, were included. The mean number of cigarettes smoked per day was 25.3 (10.4 and the mean Fagerström test score was 6.2 (2.2 points. The success rate was 41.3% (538 with no differences by gender. Positive predictors were lower nicotine dependence and having a non-smoking partner in men and older age, smoking fewer cigarettes per day, having fewer smoking friends and not experiencing depression or anxiety during the treatment in women. Conclusions: Men and women have similar tobacco abstinence outcomes although gender factors play a role in

Factores asociados a la no adherencia al tratamiento anti tuberculosis

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Laura Inés Plata-Casas

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: describir los factores de riesgo asociados a la no adherencia al tratamiento en los pacientes adscritos al programa de tuberculosis en el Municipio de Villavicencio, cohorte 2012. Materiales y Métodos: se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con enfoque cuantitativo. Se obtuvieron datos de caracterización sociodemográfica sobre factores de riesgo de personas que abandonaron el tratamiento para la enfermedad- cohorte 2012- mediante la aplicación de un instrumento diseñado por el investigador y revisado por expertos. Los datos fueron tabulados y analizados mediante la herramienta Microsoft Excel® 2007 y Epi-info 7.0. Resultados: el 75% de los pacientes pertenecen al género masculino; el promedio de edad es de 30 años, el 63% pertenecen al régimen subsidiado de salud. Las principales causas de abandono fueron: efectos adversos a los medicamentos (58%, inadecuada atención del personal de salud (43%, dificultad de acceso al servicio (32%. Los factores sociales encontrados fueron hacinamiento 67% y desempleo 62%. Conclusiones: algunos factores no modificables como la edad y el género, así como factores modificables como estilos de vida inadecuados y efectos adversos; cuyo control mejoraría el cumplimiento; contribuyen al abandono del tratamiento. Las variables psicológicas y sociales deben ser evaluadas para que se conviertan en predictores de probables abandonos o irregularidades en el tratamiento antituberculoso.

Law enforcement officer versus non-law enforcement officer status as a longitudinal predictor of traditional and emerging cardiovascular risk factors

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wright, Bruce R; Barbosa-Leiker, Celestina; Hoekstra, T.

Objective: To determine whether law enforcement officer (LEO) status and perceived stress are longitudinal predictors of traditional and inflammatory cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. Method: Linear hierarchical regression was employed to investigate the longitudinal (more than 7 years) relationship

Creencias, actitudes y normas subjetivas como predictores de la intención de realizar comportamientos preventivos en hijos de personas que padecen diabetes mellitus tipo 2

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Eduardo Muñoz Bautista

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Analizar los conocimientos, las actitudes y las normas subjetivas como predictores de la intención de realizar comportamientos preventivos en hijos de personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, en dos ciudades del estado de Hidalgo, México. Métodos: Se trata de um estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, de naturaleza analítica y transversal. A través de uma muestra probabilística de dos etapas, 246 hijos (entre 15 y 59 años de edad de pacientes apuntados en un programa de diabetes en el servicio de seguridad social fueron encuestados de manera personal. Resultados: Se observó que la reducción del riesgo de contraer diabetes afecta la intención de desarrollar comportamientos preventivos mediada por la actitud hacia la prevención (p=0,000 que es el predictor más importante de tal intención (p=0,000. Las normas subjetivas también tienen un impacto significativo en la intención del comportamiento preventivo (p=0,000, aunque la actitud hacia la prevención no es afectada por las creencias sobre la obtención (p=0,095 y la gravedad de la enfermedad (p=0,056. Conclusión: La aplicación del modelo permitió identificar aspectos relevantes para apoyar la promoción de la salud orientada a influir en los procesos de cambio de comportamiento social en uma población con el riesgo de contraer diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en México.

Prevalence, Associated Factors and Predictors of Depression among Adults in the Community of Selangor, Malaysia

OpenAIRE

Kader Maideen, Siti Fatimah; Mohd. Sidik, Sherina; Rampal, Lekhraj; Mukhtar, Firdaus

2014-01-01

INTRODUCTION: Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders and is an emerging public health problem. The objectives of this paper were to determine the prevalence of depression, its associated factors and the predictors of depression among adults in the community of Selangor. METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted in three districts in Selangor, from 11th June to 30th December 2012. The sampling frame was obtained from the Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOS) in May...

Tabaco y diabetes como factores de riesgo de enfermedades no transmisibles

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Maria de la Caridad Casanova Moreno

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Sr. Editor: La tendencia actual en cuanto a las enfermedades no transmisibles y en especial a la diabetes mellitus se dirige a manejar el estado general del sujeto, donde el riesgo vascular ocupa un lugar importante para el control de la enfermedad, así como el aumento de peso, entre otros. En este tema, resulta muy importante la divulgación del artículo publicado en el Vol. 39, número 8 de agosto de 2014, titulado: Incidencia de factores de riesgo y modalidades de enfermedad ateroesclerótica en pacientes de Puerto Padre en el periodo comprendido entre mayo de 2012 y junio de 2013, donde se encontró que los factores de riesgo de enfermedad ateroesclerótica más incidentes fueron el hábito de fumar, la hipertensión arterial, la diabetes mellitus y la obesidad. La diabetes mellitus (DM se ha convertido en un creciente problema de salud en el mundo. Ahora se sabe que fumar causa diabetes tipo 2 (DM2, también conocida como la diabetes del adulto. Los fumadores tienen entre el 30 y el 40 % más de probabilidades de tener DM2 que los no fumadores. Mientras más cigarrillos fume una persona, más alto es su riesgo de DM. La DM puede producir complicaciones de salud graves como las enfermedades cardiacas, la ceguera, la insuficiencia renal y el daño en los nervios y los vasos sanguíneos de los pies y las piernas, lo cual puede llevar a situaciones como la amputación. Una persona con DM que fuma tiene más probabilidades de tener dificultad para regular la insulina y controlar la enfermedad que las personas con diabetes que no fuman. Tanto el tabaquismo como la diabetes causan problemas con el flujo de la sangre. Esto eleva el riesgo de ceguera y amputación. Los fumadores con DM, además, tienen más probabilidades de tener insuficiencia renal que las personas con diabetes que no fuman. (1 En Cuba la prevalencia de DM para el año 2013 fue de 53,7 x 1 000 habitantes., valor que aumentó con la edad, siendo para esta enfermedad los años de

El tabaco como factor de riesgo en el cáncer de pulmón

OpenAIRE

Fernández Hidalgo, Lorena

2014-01-01

El tabaco está compuesto por numerosas sustancias adictivas que producen efectos nocivos en la salud, tanto en sus consumidores activos, como en sus consumidores pasivos. Es considerado el principal factor de riesgo del cáncer de pulmón. Además, tras numerosos estudios, se ha apreciado una relación directa entre el número de cigarrillos consumidos, el tipo de cigarrillos, la edad de inicio de su consumo, el nivel de exposición y el desarrollo de esta enfermedad. A pesar de numerosas medidas a...

Predictors of hope among women with breast cancer during chemotherapy.

Science.gov (United States)

Balsanelli, Alessandra Cristina Sartore; Grossi, Sonia Aurora Alves

2016-01-01

Identifying the predictors of hope in patients with breast cancer during chemotherapy treatment. A prospective longitudinal study. The sample was composed of 122 women who responded to the instruments of hope, anxiety and depression, coping, fatigue, religiosity and self-esteem in the first and last cycle of chemotherapy. These variables were used in adjusting the logistic regression model that characterized multivariate statistics, allowing identification of predictor variables. The increase of hope at the end of chemotherapy treatment was statistically significant (p = 0.012). The delay in undergoing treatment from the onset of breast cancer symptoms, Karnofsky Performance Status, depression, self-esteem and pain were characterized as factors being associated to hope by univariate analysis. Among the variables analyzed, pain was the only predicting factor of hope. Pain was the predicting factor in this sample. Hope increased during treatment and revealed the following associated factors: Karnofsky Performance Status, delay in starting the treatment, depression, self-esteem and pain. This study brought forth a multidisciplinary contribution, allowing for understanding the factors that can influence hope and presenting support to nursing care. The data evidenced conditions of improvement or worsening of hope, which requires interdisciplinary attention in Oncology. Identificar os fatores preditores da esperança nas pacientes com câncer de mama em tratamento quimioterápico. Estudo prospectivo longitudinal. A amostra foi de 122 mulheres que responderam aos instrumentos de esperança, ansiedade e depressão, coping, fadiga, religiosidade e autoestima no primeiro e no último ciclo de quimioterapia. Essas variáveis foram utilizadas no ajuste do modelo de regressão logística que caracterizou a estatística multivariada permitindo a identificação das variáveis preditoras. O aumento da esperança ao final do tratamento quimioterápico foi estatisticamente

Psychosocial factors and physical activity as predictors of fruit and vegetable intake in college students

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Rafael Miranda TASSITANO

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Objective: To analyze whether psychosocial factors and physical activity are predictors of fruit and vegetable intake in young adults attending college. Methods: This cross-sectional study included a representative sample of students from a public university in the Brazilian Northeast (n=717. Fruit and vegetable intake was measured by a Food Frequency Questionnaire containing 21 items. The psychosocial factors for behavior change, measured by a questionnaire, were: behavior change strategy, self-efficacy, perceived barriers and facilitators in decision making, and social support. The level of physical activity was measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Multiple linear regression was the intake prediction model using a significance level of 5% (p<0.05. Results: The median fruit and vegetable intake was 2.0 servings/day. In adjusted analysis, behavior change strategy (R²=0.31, self-efficacy (R²=0.03, friends' support (R²=0.02, and physical activity (R²=0.03 explained 39% of the fruit and vegetable intake variance in men. Behavior change strategy (R²=0.03, self-efficacy (R²=0.13, perceived barriers (R²=0.08, and physical activity (R²=0.02 explained 26% of the fruit and vegetable intake variance in women. Fruit and vegetable intake would increase by one serving for every extra 35 and 47 minutes of physical activity men and women, respectively, practice a day. Conclusion: The main predictors of fruit and vegetable intake are behavior change strategies, self-efficacy, and physical activity.

Individual Characteristics, Family Factors, and Classroom Experiences as Predictors of Low-Income Kindergarteners’ Social Skills

Science.gov (United States)

Griffith, Shayl; Arnold, David; Voegler-Lee, Mary-Ellen; Kupersmidt, Janis

2017-01-01

There has been increasing awareness of the need for research and theory to take into account the intersection of individual characteristics and environmental contexts when examining predictors of child outcomes. The present longitudinal, multi-informant study examined the cumulative and interacting contributions of child characteristics (language skills, inattention/hyperactivity, and aggression) and preschool and family contextual factors in predicting kindergarten social skills in 389 low-income preschool children. Child characteristics and classroom factors, but not family factors, predicted teacher-rated kindergarten social skills, while child characteristics alone predicted change in teacher-rated social skills from preschool to kindergarten. Child characteristics and family factors, but not classroom factors, predicted parent-rated kindergarten social skills. Family factors alone predicted change in parent-rated social skills from preschool to kindergarten. Individual child characteristics did not interact with family or classroom factors in predicting parent- or teacher-rated social skills, and support was therefore found for an incremental, rather than an interactive, predictive model of social skills. The findings underscore the importance of assessing outcomes in more than one context, and of considering the impact of both individual and environmental contextual factors on children’s developing social skills when designing targeted intervention programs to prepare children for kindergarten. PMID:28804528

Individual Characteristics, Family Factors, and Classroom Experiences as Predictors of Low-Income Kindergarteners' Social Skills.

Science.gov (United States)

Griffith, Shayl; Arnold, David; Voegler-Lee, Mary-Ellen; Kupersmidt, Janis

2016-01-01

There has been increasing awareness of the need for research and theory to take into account the intersection of individual characteristics and environmental contexts when examining predictors of child outcomes. The present longitudinal, multi-informant study examined the cumulative and interacting contributions of child characteristics (language skills, inattention/hyperactivity, and aggression) and preschool and family contextual factors in predicting kindergarten social skills in 389 low-income preschool children. Child characteristics and classroom factors, but not family factors, predicted teacher-rated kindergarten social skills, while child characteristics alone predicted change in teacher-rated social skills from preschool to kindergarten. Child characteristics and family factors, but not classroom factors, predicted parent-rated kindergarten social skills. Family factors alone predicted change in parent-rated social skills from preschool to kindergarten. Individual child characteristics did not interact with family or classroom factors in predicting parent- or teacher-rated social skills, and support was therefore found for an incremental, rather than an interactive, predictive model of social skills. The findings underscore the importance of assessing outcomes in more than one context, and of considering the impact of both individual and environmental contextual factors on children's developing social skills when designing targeted intervention programs to prepare children for kindergarten.

Predictors of agitation in critically ill adults.

Science.gov (United States)

Burk, Ruth S; Grap, Mary Jo; Munro, Cindy L; Schubert, Christine M; Sessler, Curtis N

2014-09-01

Agitation in critically ill adults is a frequent complication of hospitalization and results in multiple adverse outcomes. Potential causes of agitation are numerous; however, data on factors predictive of agitation are limited. To identify predictors of agitation by examining demographic and clinical characteristics of critically ill patients. A medical record review was performed. Documentation of agitation was indicated by scores on the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale or the use of an agitation keyword. Records of 200 patients from 1 medical and 1 surgical intensive care unit were used for the study. Risk factors were determined for 2 points in time: admission to the intensive care unit and within 24 hours before the first episode of agitation. Data on baseline demographics, preadmission risk factors, and clinical data were collected and were evaluated by using logistic multivariable regression to determine predictors of agitation. Predictors of agitation on admission to intensive care were history of use of illicit substances, height, respiratory and central nervous system subscores on the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, and use of restraints. Predictors of agitation within 24 hours before the onset of agitation were history of psychiatric diagnosis, height, score on the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, ratio of Pao2 to fraction of inspired oxygen less than 200, serum pH, percentage of hours with restraints, percentage of hours of mechanical ventilation, pain, and presence of genitourinary catheters. Predictors of agitation on admission and within 24 hours before the onset of agitation were primarily clinical variables. ©2014 American Association of Critical-Care Nurses.

Prevalence, associated factors and predictors of depression among adults in the community of Selangor, Malaysia.

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Siti Fatimah Kader Maideen

Full Text Available INTRODUCTION: Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders and is an emerging public health problem. The objectives of this paper were to determine the prevalence of depression, its associated factors and the predictors of depression among adults in the community of Selangor. METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted in three districts in Selangor, from 11th June to 30th December 2012. The sampling frame was obtained from the Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOS in May 2012, using the National Population and Housing Census 2010. Adults aged 18 years and above, living in the selected living quarters were approached to participate in the study and requested to complete a set of questionnaires. RESULTS: A total of 1,556 out of 2,152 participants participated in this study, giving an overall study response rate of 61.90%. Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9 was used to determine the presence of depression. The prevalence of depression was 10.3%, based on the PHQ-9 cut off point of 10 and above. Based on multiple logistic regression analysis, the predictors of depression were presence of anxiety, serious problems at work, unhappy relationship with children, high perceived stress, domestic violence, unhappy relationship with spouse, low self-esteem, unhappy relationship with family, serious financial constraint and presence of chronic diseases. When reanalyzed after removing anxiety, high perceived stress and low self-esteem, additional predictors of depression were found to be serious marital problems and religiosity. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of depression in this study is similar to that found in other studies. Findings from this study are being used as baseline data to develop an effective program to assist in the management of common mental health disorders in the community, in particular depression. The identification of predictors of depression in the community is important to identify the target population for the

Cuidando a las mujeres con cáncer de mama: el afrontamiento como predictor de la calidad de vida

OpenAIRE

Bueno Ferrán, Mercedes

2016-01-01

El cáncer de mama es un problema de salud relevante como indican sus cifras de incidencia, prevalencia, mortalidad y coste. La consideración del cáncer como enfermedad crónica, donde el paciente experimenta cambios que afectan tanto a nivel físico como psíquico y social, requiere un enfoque integral de la atención sanitaria. El impacto del cáncer en general y del cáncer de mama en particular, se extiende a todas las esferas de la vida de las personas afectadas y sus familias, impacto que detr...

Factores de virulencia de Staphylococcus aureus asociados con infecciones mamarias en bovinos: relevancia y rol como agentes inmunógenos

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Cecilia M Camussone

Full Text Available Staphylococcus aureus es el microorganismo causante de mastitis bovina más prevalente en Argentina y en el mundo. La falta de efectividad frente a este organismo de los métodos tradicionales de control, basados en la higiene y la terapia antibiótica, ha conducido a la búsqueda de alternativas para prevenir la enfermedad. Una de ellas es la manipulación de los mecanismos defensivos del huésped mediante vacunación. La identificación de los factores de virulencia que estimulan las defensas del huésped es fundamental para el desarrollo racional de inmunógenos.S. aureus posee múltiples factores de virulencia que interactúan con el huésped en distintas etapas de la infección mamaria; algunos de ellos han mostrado capacidad de generar una respuesta inmune benéfica para el huésped. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar conceptos de estructura, función y utilización como inmunógenos de los factores de virulencia de S. aureus considerados como más relevantes en las principales etapas de la infección intramamaria.

Factores predictores de mortalidad por accidente cerebrovascular en el Hospital Universitario San Jorge de Pereira (Colombia)

OpenAIRE

Cristhian David Morales-Plaza; Claudio Aguirre-Castañeda; Jorge Enrique Machado-Alba

2016-01-01

Objetivo: Determinar los factores predictores de mortalidad por accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) en el Hospital Universitario San Jorge de Pereira entre enero de 2008 y diciembre de 2011. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal, realizado en los pacientes con diagnóstico de ACV. La información se obtuvo de las historias clínicas, teniendo en cuenta las variables edad, sexo, tipo de ACV (isquémico o hemorrágico), trastorno asociado, antecedentes personales relacionados con ACV, morta...

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia as a predictor factor for motor alteration at 6 months corrected age in premature infants Displasia broncopulmonar como fator predisponente para alterações motoras aos 6 meses em prematuros

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Priscila Silveira Martins

2010-10-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to assess bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD as a predisposing factor for alteration in the psychomotor development index (PDI in premature infants and verify the incidence of neuromotor alterations at 6 months corrected age. METHOD: This was a prospective cohort study that followed the neuromotor development of 152 very low birth weight premature infants, with psychomotor development index as the outcome. The study used the Bayley Scale of Infant Development at 6 months corrected age, and neurological examination. RESULTS: Incidence of BPD was 13.2% (n=20. Logistic regression analysis showed an association between BPD and altered psychomotor development index (OR 3.98; 95%CI: 1.04-15.1 after adjusting for confounding variables. Neurological examination was altered in 67.1% of the 152 infants. CONCLUSION: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia acted as an independent predisposing factor for alteration in the psychomotor development index in premature infants at 6 months corrected age.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a displasia broncopulmonar (DBP como fator predisponente para alteração no índice de desenvolvimento psicomotor em prematuros e verificar a incidência das alterações neuromotoras aos 6 meses de idade corrigida. MéTODO: Estudo de coorte prospectivo que acompanhou o desenvolvimento neuromotor de 152 prematuros de muito baixo peso, cujo desfecho foi o desenvolvimento psicomotor. Utilizou-se a Bayley Scale of Infant Development aos 6 meses de idade corrigida e exame neurológico. RESULTADOS: A incidência de DBP foi de 13,2% (n=20. A análise de regressão logística mostrou associação entre a DBP e alteração no índice de desenvolvimento psicomotor (RC 3,98 IC 95%:1,04-15,1 após ajuste para as variáveis de confundimento. O exame neurológico apresentou-se alterado em 67,1% das 152 crianças. CONCLUSão: A displasia broncopulmonar atuou como fator predisponente independente para alteração no índice de desenvolvimento

Las leyendas regionales como intangibles territoriales

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Eloy Martos Núñez

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El artículo examina el concepto de leyenda como intangible territorial en diversas escalas, desde la local a la regional o nacional, y su relación con la construcción de mitos étnicos y la emergencia de tradiciones translocales. Para ello, se revisan la metodología de los estudios corográficos y las nociones de ecotipo y de paisaje cultural, así como la etnografía de los territorios simbólicos a la luz de conceptos como el clásico «témenos» y modernos como el «mytho-moteur» (Abadal, 1958. Se aplican estudios de casos que evidencian cómo es el Imaginario, en interacción con factores geohistóricos del lugar, el que a menudo acota y perimetrea un territorio a través de cauces como la fabulación legendaria y los ritos paralitúgicos, como procesiones o peregrinaciones. La conclusión es que las leyendas y los arquetipos de origen étnico y genealógico reescriben tradiciones que crean identidades y se pueden proyectar en ámbitos diferentes de la vida política o recreativa, con perfiles igualmente diferentes.

Psychosocial factors and safety behaviour as predictors of accidental work injuries in farming

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Glasscock, David John; Rasmussen, Kurt; Carstensen, Ole

2006-01-01

be a problem faced by farmers, there is a particular need to investigate the associations between farm accidents and work stressors and stress reactions. Using multivariate logistic regression analyses, this study aimed to uncover the best psychosocial predictors of injury, while controlling for exposure-related......, the relation with accidents occurred via an interaction with safety behaviour. The combination of high levels of stress symptoms and poor safety behaviour was associated with a particularly high accident risk.......Farming is one of the most hazardous occupations in terms of the incidence and seriousness of accidental injuries. Research with other occupational groups has drawn attention to the role of psychosocial factors and stress. Such research needs to be extended to agriculture. Since stress may...

Socio-Economic and Clinical Factors as Predictors of Disease Evolution and Acute Events in COPD Patients.

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Paolo Pandolfi

Full Text Available Socio-economic, cultural and environmental factors are becoming increasingly important determinants of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD. We conducted a study to investigate socio-demographic, lifestyle and clinical factors, and to assess their role as predictors of acute events (mortality or hospitalization for respiratory causes in a group of COPD patients.Subjects were recruited among outpatients who were undertaking respiratory function tests at the Pneumology Unit of the Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna. Patients were classified according to the GOLD Guidelines.229 patients with COPD were included in the study, 44 with Mild, 68 Moderate, 52 Severe and 65 Very Severe COPD (GOLD stage. Significant differences among COPD stage, in terms of smoking status and fragility index, were detected. COPD stage significantly affected the values of all clinical tests (spirometry and ABG analysis. Kaplan-Meier estimates showed a significant difference between survival curves by COPD stage with lower event-free probability in very severe COPD stage. Significant risk factors for acute events were: underweight (HR = 4.08; 95% CI 1.01-16.54, having two or more comorbidities (HR = 4.71; 95% CI 2.52-8.83, belonging to moderate (HR = 3.50; 95% CI 1.01-12.18 or very severe COPD stage (HR = 8.23; 95% CI 2.35-28.85.Our findings indicate that fragility is associated with COPD stage and that comorbidities and the low body mass index are predictors of mortality or hospitalization. Besides spirometric analyses, FeNO measure and comorbidities, body mass index could also be considered in the management and monitoring of COPD patients.

La metáfora como factor de textualidad en Ensayo sobre la lucidez, de José Saramago.

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Olívia Maria Figueiredo

2006-06-01

Full Text Available La metáfora como factor de textualidad es una reflexión sobre el modo como el sistema de la lengua se operacionaliza en el discurso. En este caso concreto, como es que en la obra literaria Ensayo sobre la lucidez las expresiones idiomáticas (expresiones compósitas son transformadas de nuevo en expresiones metafóricas (expresiones componenciales. La incidencia del análisis se focaliza en la apreciación de cómo la expresión idiomática recupera su energía creadora y el primer impulso que la pone en circulación. Teniendo por fundamento las teorías de la anáfora (ampliada y de la reconceptualización, se muestra que tal reconversión se va haciendo a lo largo de la obra en un proceso de ampliación del enfoque cognitivo de que el recurso a las implicaturas es un trazo necesario para la comprensión de las explicaturas. Es preciso que el lector seleccione el contexto oportuno para entender pertinentemente el sentido comunicado. Y el sentido comunicado no es más que el cuestionamiento de la relación del hombre con el mundo por medio de la amplitud de escenarios metafóricos que sólo la lengua permite instaurar.

Predictores del prejuicio en profesionales que trabajan con colectivos en exclusión social

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José Luis Álvarez Castillo

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza los predictores del prejuicio de profesionales que trabajan con personas en exclusión social en Andalucía (España. Para ello, se realizó un estudio descriptivo, correlacional y predictivo con diseño transversal, en el que se midieron diversos tipos de variables que podían anticipar las actitudes hacia las personas en exclusión. La muestra fue seleccionada mediante un procedimiento no probabilístico de tipo incidental, contando finalmente con 565 profesionales. Los resultados indican que, si bien el prejuicio es débil en el conjunto del colectivo, una quinta parte de él percibió a las personas en exclusión como un grupo amenazante y devaluado socialmente, configurándose como correlatos y predictores del sesgo determinados valores (autotrascendencia, autopromoción y conservación como algunas actitudes ideológicas (autoritarismo y dominancia, la extraversión y la posición política. Del estudio emerge una representación de estos profesionales como un grupo sin pronunciamientos exacerbados, de corte progresista y solidario, que no justifica el sistema, pero que tampoco evidencia un posicionamiento contundente frente a las actitudes sesgadas. Las conclusiones se completan, por una parte, con la comprensión contextualizada del prejuicio y, por otra, con la identificación de dos ámbitos aplicados (selección y formación que deben revisarse en relación con la introducción de innovaciones.

Predictors of Ramadan fasting during pregnancy

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Bilsen, Lily A.; Savitri, Ary I.; Amelia, Dwirani; Baharuddin, Mohammad; Grobbee, Diederick E.; Uiterwaal, Cuno S P M

2016-01-01

Although the health effects of Ramadan fasting during pregnancy are still unclear, it is important to identify the predictors and motivational factors involved in women's decision to observe the fast. We investigated these factors in a cross sectional study of 187 pregnant Muslim women who attended

El síndrome de Burnout como factor de riesgo en la enfermería:detección y prevención (revisión bibliográfica)

OpenAIRE

Leonardo Díez, María Montserrat

2015-01-01

La enfermería se describe como una profesión vocacional, de ayuda y cuidados con elevados niveles de responsabilidad, en la que las relaciones interpersonales y las exigencias sociales juegan un importante papel. Por lo que se transcribe no sólo como una profesión agotadora físicamente sino también emocionalmente; dichos factores la engloban como el marcaje perfecto del conocido estrés laboral crónico o síndrome de burnout. Este síndrome se define como aquel cansancio emocional, consecuencia ...

La visión gerencial como factor de competitividad

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José María González A.

2010-08-01

Full Text Available La Maestría en Administración de Empresas de la Universidad Santo Tomás ha venido realizando un estudio sectorial para la Industria de la comunicación gráfica de Bucaramanga, mediante la aplicación del Modelo para la Modernización de la Gestión de las Organizaciones (MMGO, desarrollado por la Universidad EAN. Dicho modelo provee información sobre los múltiples aspectos gerenciales de una organización, por lo tanto, en el presente caso se utilizará la información que el modelo aplicado provee sobre la visión gerencial y sus relaciones con el desarrollo integral de la organización y otras herramientas gerenciales que la utilizan como el análisis del entorno y herramientas que la vitalizan como la capacitación y el entrenamiento. Con esta información se pretende realizar un análisis que alimente la investigación macro que se viene realizando y a la vez, aportar evidencia empírica sobre la reflexión teórica que se desarrolla en la comunidad científica alrededor del concepto de visión gerencial.

Objective and subjective factors as predictors of post-traumatic stress symptoms in parents of children with cancer--a longitudinal study.

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Annika Lindahl Norberg

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Parents of children with cancer report post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS years after the child's successful treatment is completed. The aim of the present study was to analyze a number of objective and subjective childhood cancer-related factors as predictors of parental PTSS. METHODS: Data were collected from 224 parents during and after their child's cancer treatment. Data sources include self-report questionnaires and medical records. RESULTS: In a multivariate hierarchical model death of the child, parent's perception of child psychological distress and total symptom burden predicted higher levels of PTSS. In addition, immigrants and unemployed parents reported higher levels of PTSS. The following factors did not predict PTSS: parent gender, family income, previous trauma, child's prognosis, treatment intensity, non-fatal relapse, and parent's satisfaction with the child's care. CONCLUSIONS: Although medical complications can be temporarily stressful, a parent's perception of the child's distress is a more powerful predictor of parental PTSS. The vulnerability of unemployed parents and immigrants should be acknowledged. In addition, findings highlight that the death of a child is as traumatic as could be expected.

Predictors of institutionalization in patients with dementia in Korea.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, Jae-Min; Shin, Il-Seon; Jeong, Seong-Joo; Gormley, Niall; Yoon, Jin-Sang

2002-02-01

Many studies have sought to determine the predictors of institutionalization of patients with dementia. Such studies, performed in developed western societies, have come to various conclusions which may not be supported in an East Asian culture such as that found in Korea. This study aimed to determine the factors that predict institutionalization of patients in Korea diagnosed with dementia. Seventy-nine cases (37 institutionalized, 42 community-dwelling) in the Kwangju area were evaluated for patient characteristics, severity of dementia symptoms, caregiver characteristics, burden and distress. Logistic regression was performed to determine predictors of actual institutionalization. Six predictors of institutionalization were identified. Of these, three were patient-related factors: higher score on the Clinical Dementia Rating, higher score on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, and shorter duration of dementia. The other three were caregiver-related factors: younger age, higher education (formal schooling), and higher cost of home care. As seen in previous western studies, institutionalization of dementia sufferers was influenced by both patient and caregiver factors. But, the specific predictors and their relative influences might be explained best by the particular social, cultural and economic situation in Korea. This study was the first of its kind in Korea and, as such, could serve as a reference for future intra-cultural and cross-cultural comparisons. Copyright 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentration is a predictor of chronic kidney disease in patients with cardiovascular risk factors - Hyogo Sleep Cardio-Autonomic Atherosclerosis study.

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Masafumi Kurajoh

Full Text Available Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF has been shown to have protective effects against cardiovascular diseases and death through neural and non-neural pathways via tropomyosin-related kinase B signaling. However, it is not known whether plasma BDNF concentration is a predictor of chronic kidney disease (CKD.This study was conducted as a prospective cohort study as part of the Hyogo Sleep Cardio-Autonomic Atherosclerosis.We measured plasma BDNF concentration in 324 patients without CKD, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR less than 60 ml/min/1.73m2, and with cardiovascular risk factors. As potential confounders, sleep condition, nocturnal hypertension, and autonomic function were quantitatively examined. The patients were followed for a median 37 months (range 2-59 months and occurrence of CKD was noted.Plasma BDNF concentration was significantly and independently associated with CKD development, which occurred in 38 patients (11.7%. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with reduced plasma BDNF concentration exhibited a significantly (p = 0.029 greater number of CKD events as compared to those with a higher concentration. Moreover, comparisons of key subgroups showed that the risk of CKD in association with low plasma BDNF concentration was more prominent in patients with a greater reduction of nocturnal systolic blood pressure, better movement index, higher standard deviations of the NN(RR interval or average NN(RR interval for each 5-minute period, and without past cardiovascular disease events, smoking habit, or albuminuria.Plasma BDNF concentration is an independent predictor for development of CKD in patients with cardiovascular risk factors.

El federalismo cooperativo como factor catalizador de un Gobierno Abierto

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Rafael Enrique Valenzuela Mendoza

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo tiene como propósito articular un marco de análisis que justifica la importancia de la colaboración entre gobiernos, bajo el supuesto de que un sistema rígido de competencias tiende a fragmentar la solución de los asuntos públicos en las agendas de gobierno. Un federalismo cooperativo, en tanto variable productora de relaciones intergubernamentales, da forma a un contexto que favorece impulsar soluciones más integrales en torno a demandas inscritas en el plan de acción, elaborado como requisito de pertenencia a la Alianza Internacional por un Gobierno Abierto. La propuesta llevada a Brasilia por la representación de México en junio de 2012, con la idea de promover la apertura gubernamental en el plano subnacional y local, tendrá mayores posibilidades de éxito si previamente se establecen bases mínimas para un federalismo cooperativo que facilite la gestión de los asuntos públicos establecidos en el plan de acción.

Predictors of changes in child behaviour following parent management training: Child, context, and therapy factors.

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Hagen, Kristine Amlund; Ogden, Terje

2017-04-01

This non-randomised study examined a set of predictive factors of changes in child behaviour following parent management training (PMTO). Families of 331 Norwegian girls (26%) and boys with clinic-level conduct problems participated. The children ranged in age from 3 to 12 years (M age = 8.69). Retention rate was 72.2% at post-assessment. Child-, parent- and therapy-level variables were entered as predictors of multi-informant reported change in externalising behaviour and social skills. Behavioural improvements following PMTO amounted to 1 standard deviation on parent rated and ½ standard deviation on teacher rated externalising behaviour, while social skills improvements were more modest. Results suggested that children with higher symptom scores and lower social skills score at pre-treatment were more likely to show improvements in these areas. According to both parent- and teacher-ratings, girls tended to show greater improvements in externalising behaviour and social skills following treatment and, according to parents, ADHD symptomology appeared to inhibit improvements in social skills. Finally, observed increases in parental skill encouragement, therapists' satisfaction with treatment and the number of hours spent in therapy by children were also positive and significant predictors of child outcomes. © 2016 International Union of Psychological Science.

Nursing students' work, a risk factor for the consumption of alcohol and other drugs El trabajo del estudiante de enfermería como un factor de riesgo para el consumo de alcohol y otras drogas O trabalho do acadêmico de enfermagem como fator de risco para o consumo de álcool e outras drogas

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Elias Barbosa de Oliveira

2008-08-01

Full Text Available This descriptive, qualitative study aims to describe risk factors, in the work environment, for the consumption of alcohol and other drugs, and also to confirm the importance of protective factors. Interview technique was used with 51 nursing students at the Rio de Janeiro State University, who work in the city's health services. RESULTS: students related work as a risk factor for the consumption of drugs such as alcohol, cigarettes and anxiolytics. We conclude that working with participative methodologies, valuing student's former experiences, family and group life, and individual characteristics are essential in the preventive approach. Attention to protective factors is recommended.Estudio cualitativo descriptivo que tuvo por objetivo describir los factores de riesgo dentro del ambiente laboral para el consumo de alcohol y otras drogas; así como confirmar la importancia de factores de protección. Se utilizó la técnica de entrevista con 51 estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad del Estado de Río de Janeiro, que se encontraban en los servicios de salud de la ciudad. RESULTADOS: los alumnos consideraron al trabajo como un factor de riesgo para el consumo de alcohol, cigarro y ansiolíticos. Se concluyó que se debe trabajar en la prevención con métodos participativos y valorar las experiencias pasadas de los alumnos, la convivencia familiar y grupal y las características individuales. Fue recomendada especial atención a los factores de protección.Estudo qualitativo descritivo que objetivou descrever os fatores de risco no ambiente de trabalho para o consumo de álcool e outras drogas, e também ratificar a importância dos fatores protetores. Utilizou-se entrevista com roteiro em 51 acadêmicos de enfermagem da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro que atuam nos serviços de saúde do município. RESULTADOS: os alunos referiram ao trabalho como fator de risco para o consumo de drogas como o álcool, cigarro e ansiol

Predictors of suicidal acts across adolescence: influences of familial, peer and individual factors.

Science.gov (United States)

Nrugham, Latha; Larsson, Bo; Sund, Anne Mari

2008-07-01

To examine the influences of familial, peer and individual predictors of suicidal acts in a longitudinal study with a subset of school adolescents reporting high levels of depressive symptoms. A representative sample of Norwegian school students (N=2464, mean age 13.7 years, T1) was reassessed after 1 year (T2) with the same questionnaire. All high scorers of depressive symptoms on the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ) at T2 were defined as cases. One control from low or middle scorers, matched for age and gender, was randomly assigned to every two cases. This subset (n=345) was diagnostically assessed by face-to-face K-SADS-PL interviews (mean age=14.9 years). The same subset was reassessed after 5 years (T3) by using the same questionnaire (n=252, mean age=20.0 years) and telephone K-SADS-PL interviews (n=242). The participation rate at T3 was 76.9% (n=265). The questionnaire explored various relationships with family members, peers and individual factors such as lifestyle habits, and physical health. Irrespective of time, history of a suicidal act significantly predicted a later suicidal act. Not living with both biological parents and a diagnosis of any depressive disorder were significant predictors for younger and older adolescents, respectively. In line with the findings of previous clinical studies, our results underline the importance of identifying previous suicidal acts, depressive disorders, broken homes and risk behaviours such as smoking and intoxication in the assessment of suicidal risk across adolescence.

School as a "protective factor" against drugs: perceptions of adolescents and teachers La escuela como "factor protector" para las drogas: una visión de adolescentes y maestros A escola como "fator de proteção" para drogas: uma visão dos adolescentes e professores

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María del Carmen García de Jesús

2008-08-01

Full Text Available This study aims to discover and describe protective factors regarding the use of drugs, according to teachers and students, aged 14 to 15 years, from a Public Secondary School in Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico. This is a descriptive and exploratory study. Data collection was carried out through semi-structure interview and non-participative observation with ten students and five teachers. Three themes resulted from data analysis: school and school's environment: the school does not provide a healthy environment; use of drugs: perceived by both the students and teachers in the institution itself; prevention programs: there are health promotion and prevention programs available at the school. According to the students' and teachers' perceptions, the school represents a risk factor.El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo conocer y describir los factores protectores en relación con el consumo de drogas, que son considerados por los profesores y alumnos entre 14 y 15 años de edad, de una escuela pública de la ciudad de Santiago de Querétaro, México. Este estudio descriptivo y exploratorio utilizó entrevistas semi-estructuradas y observación no participativa, las cuales fueron aplicadas a 10 alumnos y 5 profesores. Del análisis de los datos surgen tres temáticas: escuela y ambiente escolar: la escuela no favorece un ambiente escolar saludable; consumo de drogas: se observa que tanto los alumnos y maestros consumen drogas en la institución; programas de prevención: la escuela tiene programas de prevención y promoción a la salud, pero no alcanzan a todos los alumnos. Los resultados refieren que la escuela es un factor de riesgo según la visión de profesores y alumnos.O objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer e descrever os fatores de proteção em relação ao consumo de drogas, considerado por professores e adolescentes, entre 14 e 15 anos de idade, de uma Escola Pública Secundária na cidade de Santiago de Querétaro, México. Este estudo

Predictors and risk factors for the intestinal shedding of Escherichia coli O157 among working donkeys (Equus asinus) in Nigeria

Science.gov (United States)

Jedial, Jesse T.; Shittu, Aminu; Tambuwal, Faruk M.; Abubakar, Mikail B.; Garba, Muhammed K.; Kwaga, Jacob P.; Fasina, Folorunso O.

2015-01-01

Objectives Escherichia coli are an important group of bacteria in the normal gastrointestinal system but can sometimes cause infections in domestic animals and man. Donkeys are routinely used as multipurpose animal but details of burdens of potentially infectious bacteria associated with it are limited. The prevalence and associations between intestinal shedding of E. coli O157 and animal characteristics and management factors were studied among 240 randomly selected working donkeys in north-western Nigeria. Design Four local government areas, of Sokoto State in north-western Nigeria were recruited in this study. A multistage randomised cluster design was used to select subjects and donkey owners within selected zones. Confirmation of infection was based on bacterial culture, isolation and biochemical test for E. coli O157 from faecal samples. Results Of the total bacteria isolated, 203 of the 329 (61.70 per cent) were E. coli, 76 of which was E. coli serotype O157. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to examine the relation between intestinal shedding of E. coli O157 and selected variables. The analysis yielded five potential predictors of shedding: soft faeces in donkeys, Akaza and Fari ecotypes of donkey were positive predictors while maize straw as feed and sampling during the cold dry period were negative predictors. Conclusions This study concludes that controlling intestinal shedding of E. coli O157 among working donkeys in Nigeria is possible using the identified predictors in planning appropriate interventions to reduced human risk of infection. PMID:26392892

El papel del desarrollo finnaciero como fuente del crecimiento económico

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José Luis Hernández Mota

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Recientemente ha surgido el debate por el papel del sistema financiero en el crecimiento económico; sin embargo, en la mayor parte de la literatura se tiene como finalidad medir el impacto del primero sobre el segundo, a través de relaciones econométricas. Por ello, el presente trabajo contribuye a la literatura retomando el análisis del modelo canónico de crecimiento económico, donde se introduce la variable financiera como factor que puede provocar una influencia permanente sobre la tasa de crecimiento económico por medio de su grado de complementariedad con la acumulación de capital y la productividad, y no únicamente como un factor explicativo de ella. Así, se manifiesta la importancia de los efectos reales que provoca el desarrollo del sistema financiero en los factores del crecimiento económico aplicable tanto a las economías desarrolladas como para las emergentes.

Análisis de predictores independientes del flujo del bypass coronario en pacientes intervenidos de revascularización miocárdica aislada

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Stefano Urso

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Resumen: Introducción y objetivo: El medidor de flujo permite conocer 2 parámetros: el flujo medio del bypass coronario y el índice de pulsatilidad. Estos 2 parámetros, cuando están alterados, pueden indicar una estenosis de la anastomosis del bypass distal. Factores distintos de la suficiencia de la anastomosis, como la calidad de lecho coronario, pueden condicionar el flujo del bypass y dificultar su interpretación. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es analizar los predictores independientes del flujo de los bypass aorto-coronarios. Métodos: Recogimos de forma retrospectiva una serie consecutiva de 90 pacientes intervenidos de revascularización miocárdica aislada por el mismo cirujano desde enero del 2014 hasta agosto del 2016. A partir de esta serie, elaboramos una base de datos electrónica donde cada registro correspondía a un injerto. Construimos, por lo tanto, una base de datos de 185 injertos. De estos, 8 injertos no fueron analizados por no haberse medido el flujo correctamente. Por los tanto, los valores de flujo y de índice de pulsatilidad de 177 injertos fueron utilizados para nuestro análisis estadístico. Resultados: El análisis de regresión lineal múltiple detectó 2 predictores independientes del flujo de los bypasses: injerto de vena safena secuencial (valor r parcial: 0,32; p < 0,0001 e injerto arterial (valor r parcial: –0,23; p 0,0021. Por lo tanto, nuestro modelo objetivó una correlación directa entre la utilización de injerto de safena con técnica secuencial y flujo del bypass, y una correlación inversa entre la utilización de injerto arterial y flujo del bypass. Conclusiones: Los predictores del flujo de los bypasses aorto-coronarios son la utilización de un injerto arterial (coeficiente negativo y la utilización de un injerto venoso secuencial (coeficiente positivo. Nuestro modelo estadístico no ha identificado como predictor el SYNTAX score

Identifying rural-urban differences in the predictors of emergency ambulance service demand and misuse.

Science.gov (United States)

Wong, Ho Ting; Lin, Teng-Kang; Lin, Jen-Jia

2018-06-13

This study aims to assess rural-urban differences in the predictors of emergency ambulance service (EAS) demand and misuse in New Taipei City. Identifying the predictors of EAS demand will help the EAS service managing authority in formulating focused policies to maintain service quality. Over 160,000 electronic EAS usage records were used with a negative binomial regression model to assess rural-urban differences in the predictors of EAS demand and misuse. The factors of 1) ln-transformed population density, 2) percentage of residents who completed up to junior high school education, 3) accessibility of hospitals without an emergency room, and 4) accessibility of EAS were found to be predictors of EAS demand in rural areas, whereas only the factor of percentage of people aged above 65 was found to predict EAS demand in urban areas. For EAS misuse, only the factor of percentage of low-income households was found to be a predictor in rural areas, whereas no predictor was found in the urban areas. Results showed that the factors predicting EAS demand and misuse in rural areas were more complicated compared to urban areas and, therefore, formulating EAS policies for rural areas based on the results of urban studies may not be appropriate. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Predictors of relational continuity in primary care: patient, provider and practice factors.

Science.gov (United States)

Kristjansson, Elizabeth; Hogg, William; Dahrouge, Simone; Tuna, Meltem; Mayo-Bruinsma, Liesha; Gebremichael, Goshu

2013-05-31

Continuity is a fundamental tenet of primary care, and highly valued by patients; it may also improve patient outcomes and lower cost of health care. It is thus important to investigate factors that predict higher continuity. However, to date, little is known about the factors that contribute to continuity. The purpose of this study was to analyse practice, provider and patient predictors of continuity of care in a large sample of primary care practices in Ontario, Canada. Another goal was to assess whether there was a difference in the continuity of care provided by different models of primary care. This study is part of the larger a cross-sectional study of 137 primary care practices, their providers and patients. Several performance measures were evaluated; this paper focuses on relational continuity. Four items from the Primary Care Assessment Tool were used to assess relational continuity from the patient's perspective. Multilevel modeling revealed several patient factors that predicted continuity. Older patients and those with chronic disease reported higher continuity, while those who lived in rural areas, had higher education, poorer mental health status, no regular provider, and who were employed reported lower continuity. Providers with more years since graduation had higher patient-reported continuity. Several practice factors predicted lower continuity: number of MDs, nurses, opening on weekends, and having 24 hours a week or less on-call. Analyses that compared continuity across models showed that, in general, Health Service Organizations had better continuity than other models, even when adjusting for patient demographics. Some patients with greater health needs experience greater continuity of care. However, the lower continuity reported by those with mental health issues and those who live in rural areas is concerning. Furthermore, our finding that smaller practices have higher continuity suggests that physicians and policy makers need to consider

Job embeddedness factors as a predictor of turnover intention among infection control nurses in Korea.

Science.gov (United States)

Choi, Jeong Sil; Kim, Kyung Mi

2015-11-01

Job embeddedness indicates the degree to which an employee of an organization intends to remain in his or her position at that organization. This study examined how job embeddedness affects infection control nurses' turnover intention along with general characteristics, job satisfaction, and perceived job alternatives. We collected data from a total of 133 infection control nurses using self-reporting questionnaire methods. All questions were answered on a 5-point Likert scale. The average turnover intention was 3.01 ± 0.72 (100-point conversion, 60.2%), and average job satisfaction was 3.48 ± 0.79 (100-point conversion, 69.6%). The average perceived availability of job alternatives was 3.02 ± 0.78 (100-point conversion, 60.4%), and average job embeddedness was 3.33 ± 0.57 (100-point conversion, 66.6%). Predictors of turnover intention were monthly income, perceived availability of job alternatives, and job embeddedness. Job embeddedness among predictors has high explanatory power as a predictor of infection control nurses' turnover intention. Through this study we identified predictors of turnover intention and found that job embeddedness among predictors has high explanatory power as a predictor of infection control nurses' turnover intention. Strategies to enhance infection control nurses' job embeddedness are needed. Copyright © 2015 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Predictors of Sunburn Risk Among Florida Residents.

Science.gov (United States)

Arutyunyan, Sergey; Alfonso, Sarah V; Hernandez, Nilda; Favreau, Tracy; Fernández, M Isabel

2017-03-01

The incidence of skin cancer, the most common type of cancer in the United States, is increasing. Sunburn is a major modifiable risk factor for skin cancer, and its prevalence among the US population is high. To identify predictors of having had a red or painful sunburn in the past 12 months among people living in Florida. Florida residents were recruited from public places and online. They were asked to complete an anonymous cross-sectional survey that assessed demographic information, dermatologic history, as well as knowledge, attitude, and behavior factors associated with sunburn. A total of 437 participants whose data were complete for all variables were included in the multivariate analysis. In multivariate logistic regression, younger age (18-29 years) was the most significant predictor of sunburn (OR, 15.26; 95% CI, 5.97-38.98; PSunburn prevention programs that osteopathic physicians can readily implement in clinical practice are urgently needed, particularly for young adult patients. This study identified 7 predictors of sunburn in Florida residents. With additional research findings, promoting attitude change toward sun protection may be a viable strategy.

Cognitive and social predictors of generalized anxiety disorder ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Cognitive and social predictors of generalized anxiety disorder symptoms among fresh undergraduates in Uganda. ... The prevalence of this common disorder and the associated factors in Ugandan students are unknown. ... Psychological interventions for undergraduate students may be needed to target these factors.

Identification af explosive power factors as predictors of player quality in young female volleyball players.

Science.gov (United States)

Grgantov, Zoran; Milić, Mirjana; Katić, Ratko

2013-05-01

With the purpose of determining the factor structure of explosive power, as well as the influence of each factor on situational efficiency, 56 young female volleyball players were tested using 14 tests for assessing nonspecific and specific explosive power. By factor analysis, 4 significant factors were isolated which explained the total of over 80% of the common variability in young female volleyball players. The first factor was defined as volleyball-specific jumping, the second factor as nonspecific jumping and sprinting, the third factor as throwing explosive power, while the fourth factor was interpreted as volleyball-specific throwing and spiking speed from the ground. Results obtained by regression analysis in the latent space of explosive power indicate that the identified factors are good predictors of player quality in young female volleyball players. The fourth factor defined as throwing and spiking speed from the ground had the largest influence on player quality, followed by volleyball-specific jumping and nonspecific jumping and sprinting, and to a much lesser extent, by throwing explosive power The results obtained in this age group bring to the fore the ability of spiking and serving a ball of high speed, which hinders the opponents from playing those balls in serve reception and field defence. This ability, combined with a high standing vertical jump reach and spike approach vertical jump reach (which is the basis of the 1st varimax factor) enables successful performance of all volleyball elements by which points are won in complex 1 (spike) and complex 2 (serve and block). Even though the 2nd factor (nonspecific jumping and sprinting) has a slightly smaller impact on situational efficiency in young players, this ability provides preconditions i.e. preparation for successful realisation of all volleyball elements, so greater attention must be paid to perfecting it in young female volleyball players.

Predictors of College Adjustment among Hispanic Students

Science.gov (United States)

Yazedjian, Ani; Toews, Michelle L.

2006-01-01

The purpose of this study is to assess personal and interpersonal predictors of college adjustment among a sample of 190 first-year Hispanic students. Specifically, we examined the extent to which personal factors such as self-esteem, acculturation, and ethnic identity and interpersonal factors such as parental education and parental attachment…

Predictors of response to cognitive behaviour therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder

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Michael Kyrios

2015-01-01

Full Text Available La respuesta al tratamiento psicológico para el Trastorno Obsesivo-Compulsivo (TOC es variable, y las tasas de abandono y recaída son preocupantes. Mientras los estudios que analizan la reducción de los síntomas son favorables, los resultados son menos alentadores cuando estos se definen en términos de cambio clínicamente significativo. Existe poco conocimiento de lo que predice el resultado del tratamiento. Este estudio examinó predictores demográficos, sintomáticos y cognitivos de los resultados en 79 participantes en terapia cognitivo-conductual individualizada para el TOC. Después de investigar las diferencias entre los que completaron el tratamiento y no lo finalizaron, se analizó la respuesta al tratamiento según la definición de gravedad post-tratamiento de los síntomas y el cambio clínicamente fiable, así como predictores de la respuesta al tratamiento. Los que completaron el tratamiento eran menos propensos a presentar comorbilidad. Baja intensidad de síntomas en el pre-tratamiento y mayor perfeccionismo/intolerancia a la incertidumbre fueron los mejores predictores de los resultados. Los cambios en las creencias obsesivas se asociaron con el cambio sintomático, aunque sólo perfeccionismo/intolerancia a la incertidumbre fue predictor del cambio posttratamiento.

Demographic, social cognitive and social ecological predictors of intention and participation in screening for colorectal cancer

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Duncan Amy

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Previous research points to differences between predictors of intention to screen for colorectal cancer (CRC and screening behavior, and suggests social ecological factors may influence screening behavior. The aim of this study was to compare the social cognitive and social ecological predictors of intention to screen with predictors of participation. Methods People aged 50 to 74 years recruited from the electoral roll completed a baseline survey (n = 376 and were subsequently invited to complete an immunochemical faecal occult blood test (iFOBT. Results Multivariate analyses revealed five predictors of intention to screen and two predictors of participation. Perceived barriers to CRC screening and perceived benefits of CRC screening were the only predictor of both outcomes. There was little support for social ecological factors, but measurement problems may have impacted this finding. Conclusions This study has confirmed that the predictors of intention to screen for CRC and screening behaviour, although overlapping, are not the same. Research should focus predominantly on those factors shown to predict participation. Perceptions about the barriers to screening and benefits of screening are key predictors of participation, and provide a focus for intervention programs.

Educación universitaria como factor de movilidad social

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María Guadalupe Vélez Vázquez

2014-05-01

Full Text Available El decidir entrar o no a estudiar una carrera universitaria aún es visto como una posibilidad de mantenerse o mejorar las condiciones de vida de una buena parte de la población. A mediados de los noventas las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES de la Región del Évora, mostraron un fenómeno socioeducativo, mayor participación de las mujeres en estos niveles, provenientes de diferentes municipios y localidades rurales. Esta investigación describe la dinámica y elementos o factores de movilidad social de egresadas universitarias, las categorías de estudio fueron el nivel educativo de la familia de origen (abuelos y padres, incorporación de las egresadas a estudios preuniversitarios y universitarios, situación laboral, su posición socioeconómica y los elementos de la movilidad o inmovilidad social. La investigación se abordó desde una perspectiva fenomenológica, con enfoque cualitativo, en la recopilación de datos se utilizaron las técnicas de investigación: entrevista estructurada y documental, se aplicaron 68 entrevistas y fichas de caracterización socioeconómica. De los aspectos sociales, casi en su totalidad, las familias de origen son de escasos recursos, sin estudios y residen o habitaron en contexto con características de vida rural; la mayoría de las egresadas son la primera generación que logra un nivel superior educativo, se encuentran desarrollando una actividad laboral, sin embargo, reproducen el nivel socioeconómico de su familia de origen, principalmente la de los padres y el elemento de movilidad social, no es sólo la educación sino es familia-educación. Palabras clave: Movilidad social, posición socioeconómica, egresadas universitarias.

Educación universitaria como factor de movilidad social

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Guadalupe Vélez Vázquez

2014-01-01

Full Text Available El decidir entrar o no a estudiar una carrera universitaria aún es visto como una posibilidad de mantenerse o mejorar las condiciones de vida de una buena parte de la población. A mediados de los noventas las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES de la Región del Évora, mostraron un fenómeno socio educativo,mayor participación de las mujeres en estos niveles, provenientes de diferentes municipios y localidades rurales. Esta investigación describe la dinámica y elementos o factores de movilidad social de egresadas universitarias, las categorías de estudio fueron el nivel educativo de la familia de origen (abuelos y padres, in-corporación de las egresadas a estudios pre universitarios y universitarios, situación laboral, su posición socio económica y los elementos de la movilidad o inmovilidad social. La investigación se abordó desde una perspectiva fenomenológica, con enfoque cualitativo, en la recopilación de datos se utilizaron las técnicas de investigación: entrevista estructurada y documental, se aplicaron 68 entrevistas y fichas de caracterización socio económica. De los aspectos sociales, casi en su totalidad, las familias de origen son de escasos recursos, sin estudios y residen o habitaron en contexto con características de vida rural; la mayoría de las egresadas son la primera generación que logra un nivel superior educativo, se encuentran desarrollando una actividad laboral, sin embargo, reproducen el nivel socio económico de su familia de origen, principalmente la de los padres y el elemento de movilidad social, no es sólo la educación sino es familia-educación.

Assessment of psychosocial factors and predictors of psychopathology in a sample of heart transplantation recipients: a prospective 12-month follow-up.

Science.gov (United States)

Sánchez, Roberto; Baillès, Eva; Peri, Josep Maria; Bastidas, Anna; Pérez-Villa, Félix; Bulbena, Antonio; Pintor, Luis

2016-01-01

In the last decades, researchers of heart transplantation (HT) programs have attempted to identify the existence of psychosocial factors that might influence the clinical outcome before and after the transplantation. The first objective of this study is the prospective description of changes in psychiatric and psychosocial factors in a sample of HT recipients through a 12-month follow-up. The second goal is to identify predictors of psychopathology 1 year after HT. Pretransplant baseline assessment consisted of clinical form; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Structured Clinical Interview; Coping questionnaire (COPE); Five Factors Inventory Revised; Apgar-Family questionnaire and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC). The assessment 1 year after HT consisted of HADS, COPE, Apgar-Family and MHLC. The sample included 78 recipients. During the waiting list period, 32.1% of them had a psychiatric disorder; personality factors profile was similar to the general population, and they showed adaptive coping strategies. Some changes in psychosocial factors were observed at 12 months after the surgery: lower scores of anxiety and depression, less necessity of publicly venting of feelings and a trend to an internal locus of control. Neuroticism and Disengagement pre-HT were predictors of psychopathology in the follow-up assessment. Pretransplant psychosocial screening is important and enables to find out markers of emotional distress like Neuroticism or Disengagement coping styles to identify patients who might benefit from psychiatric and psychological interventions. Successful HT involved some positive changes in psychosocial factors 12 months after the surgery beyond physical recovery. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

El papel del desarrollo financiero como fuente del crecimiento económico

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José Luis Hernández Mota

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Recientemente ha resurgido el debate por el papel del sistema financiero en el crecimiento económico; sin embargo, en la mayor parte de la literatura se tiene como finalidad medir el impacto del primero sobre el segundo, a través de relaciones econométricas. Por ello, el presente trabajo contribuye a la literatura retomando el análisis del modelo canónico de crecimiento económico, donde se introduce la variable financiera como factor que puede provocar una influencia permanente sobre la tasa de crecimiento económico por medio de su grado de complementariedad con la acumulación de capital y la productividad, y no únicamente como un factor explicativo de ella. Así, se manifiesta la importancia de los efectos reales que provoca el desarrollo del sistema financiero en los factores del crecimiento económico; ello, desde un marco macroeconómico aplicable tanto para las economías desarrolladas como para las emergentes.

[Predictors factors for the extubation failure in two or more times among preterm newborn].

Science.gov (United States)

Tapia-Rombo, Carlos Antonio; De León-Gómez, Noé; Ballesteros-Del-Olmo, Julio César; Ruelas-Vargas, Consuelo; Cuevas-Urióstegui, María Luisa; Castillo-Pérez, José Juan

2010-01-01

With the ventilatory mechanical attendance has been prolonged the life of the preterm newborn (PTNB) critically sick and during that lapse many occasions it is necessary reintubation to PTNB in two or more times with the subsequent damage that makes enter to the patient to a vicious circle with more damage during the same reintubated. The objective of this study was to determine the factors that predict the extubation failure among PTNB from 28 to 36 weeks of gestational age in two or more times. It was considered extubation failure when in the first 72 hours of being had extubated the patient; there was reintubation necessity, independent of the cause that originated it. For the second extubation or more took the same approach. During the period of September to December of the 2004 were included in retrospective study to all PTNB that were interned in one hospital of third level that fulfilled the inclusion approaches (one study published where we take account the first extubation failure) and in retrolective study to the patients of the same hospital of January to October of the 2006. They were formed two groups, group A of cases (who failed in extubation two or more times) and the B of controls (who failed in extubation for the first time). The descriptive statistic and the inferential through of Student t test or Mann-Whitney U or rank sum test Wilcoxon, in suitable case; Chi-square or Fisher's exact test was used. Odds ratio (OR) and multivariate analysis for to study predictors factors for the extubation failure was employed. Statistical significance was considered at p 2, OR 5.3, IC to 95% of 1.3-21.4 (P = 0.02). In the bronchoscopy study they were some anatomical alterations that they explained the extubation failure in the second time. We conclude that it is important to plan an extubation in the PTNB, when there has already been a previous failure, and to avoid the well-known predictors factors for extubation failure as much as possible in the extubation

Gestión de inventarios como factor de competitividad, en el sector metalmecánico de la región occidental de Venezuela

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Gabriel J. Aguilar O.

2009-01-01

Full Text Available La investigación que se presenta a continuación, tiene como objeto analizar la gestión de inventario como factor de competitividad, en las empresas del Sector Metalmecánico de la Región Occidental de Venezuela. La metodología es de tipo descriptivo, no experimental, transeccional. La población se compone de veinte (20 empresas del sector metalmecánico destinadas a la producción de máquinas herramientas, específicamente tornos y fresadoras, circunscritas a la región del occidente de Venezuela, tomándose para el estudio, la totalidad de las mismas. Los resultados obtenidos mediante el análisis estadístico, permiten concluir que la gestión de inventario dentro de la industria metalmecánica de la Región Occidental de Venezuela, no constituye un factor de competitividad en las empresas del sector

El CO2 como disolvente y como reactivo

OpenAIRE

La Franca Pitarresi, Vincenzo Rosario

2016-01-01

Existen numerosas ventajas asociada con el uso de CO2 , tanto como disolvente que como reactivo, y todas se pueden resumir en cuatro categorías generales: beneficios ambiental, beneficios de salud y seguridad, beneficios en el procedimiento y beneficios químicos. Los procesos que implican el CO2 como disolvente no aumentaría las emisiones de CO2, más bien proporcionaría una oportunidad para el reciclaje de CO2 residual. Además, los esfuerzos para secuestrar el CO2 producido de los gases de co...

Isolated Diastolic Hypertension among Adults in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Predictors and Treatment. Results of a National Survey

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Abdalla Abdelwahid Saeed

2016-02-01

Full Text Available Background: In the past, diastolic hypertension was the main criterion for treatment, but currently, systolic pressure is the main criterion because it was thought that Isolated Diastolic Hypertension (IDH is not associated with complications. Studies later revealed that IDH carries significant risks. Quantifying the magnitude and risk factors of IDH in the community is essential for all intervention strategies. Aims: This study aims to determine the prevalence, risk factors, predictors, treatment modalities and lifestyle practices of IDH adult patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study using STEPwise approach among adults using a multistage, stratified, cluster random sample was carried out. Data were collected using questionnaires which included socio-demographics, blood pressure, biochemical, anthropometric measurements and lifestyle practices. Statistical analysis included calculating means and standard deviations, proportions, univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: Of a total 4562 subjects, 180 (3.95% suffered from IDH, which was significantly related to age, gender, employment, smoking, diabetes mellitus, obesity and hypercholesterolemia. More than 93% were using some form of treatment, with 77.2% on prescribed drugs, 63% using diet, and 23% using exercise. Significant predictors of IDH were retirement and hypercholesterolemia. Conclusion: IDH is associated with some sociodemographic characteristics and co-morbidity. Given the risk of cardiovascular disease associated with IDH, the findings of this study emphasize the need for diagnosing the disease in middle-aged persons focusing on the modifiable risk factors of IDH.

La educación como factor disuasorio en la reincidencia de la conducta delictiva en menores/The education as an inhibitory factor of minor’s criminal behavior

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José Manuel Rojas Cervantes

2012-08-01

Full Text Available La violencia en nuestro país, presenta una tendencia definida de crecimiento, abarcando cada vez más sectores de la población y afectando la percepción que tenemos los mexicanos de nuestra dinámica social. Los menores se involucran en conductas antisociales y comportamientos delictivos con una frecuencia significativamente más alta al paso de los años. Ante este escenario, el presente artículo documenta una intervención realizada en Comunidades para Adolescentes del DF (antes tutelar para menores, que fundamenta una reflexión documental sobre cómo influye como la educación formal y el proyecto de vida de 22 miembros de esta comunidad como factor que disuada la reincidencia de este tipo de comportamientos. Encontrando que si existe influencia significativa en la relación de variables en la parte experimental, y sugiriendo alternativas de tratamiento penitenciario ambulatorio para poder solventar las carencias del sistema penitenciario en general.

PARP-1 como regulador del ciclo celular

OpenAIRE

Iglesias Vázquez, Pablo

2015-01-01

En el presente estudio hemos querido investigar las implicaciones biológicas de la interacción PARP-1/E2F-1 en escenarios en los que el factor de transcripción E2F-1 resulta de gran importancia como son el desarrollo embrionario y la oncogénesis. En este respecto, hemos demostrado que tanto PJ34, inhibidor de la actividad enzimática de PARP, como gosipol, inhibidor de las interacciones proteína-proteína, son capaces de reducir la actividad transcripcional de E2F-1 y la proli...

Carolee Schneemann. El cine como autobiografía, la artista como actriz, el cuerpo como pincel

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María Barbaño González-Moreno

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo analiza la relación de cine y mujer a partir de la obra fílmica de Carolee Schneemann, principalmente de su obra autobiográfica Fuses (1964-1966. Desde ella, se plantea el papel de la artista como productora, directora y protagonista principal de todas sus obras. Reflexionamos así sobre el rol del creador-director como actor que derivaría en la consecución de una obra cinematográfica de tintes necesariamente autobiográficos. Asumiendo la visión vanguardista del cine como diario personal/Entendido el cine como diario personal, Schneemann va a explorar en su obra diferentes aspectos de la identidad y la sexualidad de la mujer en un cine artístico, alternativo y de tendencia política feminista. Entendido/Asumido su cine como elemento plástico, la artista explorará de forma paralela la experimentación matérica y física a través de los cuerpos filmados así como de la propia materialidad de la película, excluyendo toda posibilidad narrativa, dramática e ilusoria de proyección del espectador en el espacio cinematográfico y el espacio privado del creador.

Análisis del fracaso empresarial por sectores: factores diferenciadores = Cross-industry analysis of business failure: differential factors

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María Jesús Mures Quintana

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo se centra en el análisis del fracaso empresarial por sectores, a fin de identificar los factores explicativos y predictivos de este fenómeno que son diferentes en tres de los principales sectores que se distinguen en toda economía: industria, construcción y servicios. Para cada uno de estos sectores, seguimos el mismo procedimiento. En primer lugar, aplicamos un análisis de componentes principales con el que identificamos los factores explicativos del fracaso empresarial en los tres sectores. A continuación, consideramos dichos factores como variables independientes en un análisis discriminante, que aplicamos para predecir el fracaso de una muestra de empresas, utilizando no sólo información financiera en forma de ratios, sino también otras variables no financieras relativas a las empresas, así como información externa a las mismas que refleja las condiciones macroeconómicas bajo las que desarrollan su actividad. This paper focuses on a cross-industry analysis of business failure, in order to identify the explanatory and predictor factors of this event that are different in three of the main industries in every economy: manufacturing, building and service. For each one of these industries, the same procedure is followed. First, a principal components analysis is applied in order to identify the explanatory factors of business failure in the three industries. Next, these factors are considered as independent variables in a discriminant analysis, so as to predict the firms’ failure, using not only financial information expressed by ratios, but also other non-financial variables related to the firms, as well as external information that reflects macroeconomic conditions under which they develop their activity.

Factores psicosociales relacionados con la intención migratoria externa de colombianos residentes en varios municipios vallecaucanos

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Javier Murillo Muñoz

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo . Estudiar la relación entre las variables psicosociales satisfacción con la vida, importancia del vínculo familiar, identidad nacional, importancia del dinero y apertura al cambio y la intención migratoria externa de colombianos residentes en varios municipios del Valle del Cauca para identificar cu á les son las mayores predictoras de la intención migratoria. Método . Estudio empírico con metodología cuantitativa-correlacional e intención predictiva, con 969 participantes seleccionados de manera no probabilística mediante la técnica bola de nieve, en la que contactos personales e institucionales iniciales condujeron al resto. Resultados. Los resultados indicaron que un porcentaje significativo de los participantes manifestaron intención de emigrar y mostraron una relación negativa y significativa de las variables satisfacción con la vida, importancia del vínculo familiar e identidad nacional con la intención migratoria, así como una relación positiva y significativa de las variables apertura al cambio e importancia del dinero con la misma intención migratoria. La identidad nacional emergió como el mayor predictor negativo y la apertura al cambio como el mayor predictor positivo de la intención migratoria. Conclusi ó n. La intención migratoria es un fenómeno multivariado en el que los factores psicológicos juegan un importante papel.

Psychological predictors of weight loss after bariatric surgery

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wimmelmann, Cathrine Lawaetz; Dela, Flemming; Mortensen, Erik Lykke

2014-01-01

factors are thought to play animportant role for maintaining the surgical weight loss. However, results from priorresearch examining preoperative psychological predictors of weight loss outcomeare inconsistent. The aim of this article was to review more recent literature onpsychological predictors...... studies published after 2003 were included.Results: 19 eligible studies were identified. Psychological predictors of surgicalweight loss investigated in the reviewed studies include cognitive function, per-sonality, psychiatric disorder, and eating behaviour.......Background: Morbid obesity is the fastest growing BMI group in the U.S. and the prevalence of morbid obesity worldwide has never been higher. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for severe forms of obesity especially with regardto a sustained long-term weight loss. Psychological...

A systematic review of preoperative predictors for postoperative clinical outcomes following lumbar discectomy.

Science.gov (United States)

Wilson, Courtney A; Roffey, Darren M; Chow, Donald; Alkherayf, Fahad; Wai, Eugene K

2016-11-01

Sciatica is often caused by a herniated lumbar intervertebral disc. When conservative treatment fails, a lumbar discectomy can be performed. Surgical treatment via lumbar discectomy is not always successful and may depend on a variety of preoperative factors. It remains unclear which, if any, preoperative factors can predict postsurgical clinical outcomes. This review aimed to determine preoperative predictors that are associated with postsurgical clinical outcomes in patients undergoing lumbar discectomy. This is a systematic review. This systematic review of the scientific literature followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. MEDLINE and PubMed were systematically searched through June 2014. Results were screened for relevance independently, and full-text studies were assessed for eligibility. Reporting quality was assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Quality of evidence was assessed using a modified version of Sackett's Criteria of Evidence Support. No financial support was provided for this study. No potential conflict of interest-associated biases were present from any of the authors. The search strategy yielded 1,147 studies, of which a total of 40 high-quality studies were included. There were 17 positive predictors, 20 negative predictors, 43 non-significant predictors, and 15 conflicting predictors determined. Preoperative predictors associated with positive postoperative outcomes included more severe leg pain, better mental health status, shorter duration of symptoms, and younger age. Preoperative predictors associated with negative postoperative outcomes included intact annulus fibrosus, longer duration of sick leave, worker's compensation, and greater severity of baseline symptoms. Several preoperative factors including motor deficit, side and level of herniation, presence of type 1 Modic changes and degeneration, age, and gender had non-significant associations with postoperative clinical

Los intercambiadores de transporte público como factor determinante de la intermodalidad: El caso de la Ciudad de Madrid

OpenAIRE

Anguita Rodriguez, Francisca; Flores Ureba, Sandra; Muñoz Miguel, Juan Pedro

2012-01-01

XXIV Congreso Anual AEDEM del 9 al 11 de junio de 2010 El presente artículo aborda el desarrollo de la intermodalidad en el transporte urbano como factor relevante para la mejora de la movilidad urbana en las grandes ciudades. El crecimiento progresivo de la congestión, que afecta actualmente a las grandes ciudades consecuencia del desarrollo poblacional hacia las zonas metropolitanas más alejadas del centro urbano agrupadas en torno a los grandes corredores de acceso a la Ciudad, unido a ...

Salient Predictors of School Dropout among Secondary Students with Learning Disabilities

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Doren, Bonnie; Murray, Christopher; Gau, Jeff M.

2014-01-01

The purpose of this study was to identify the unique contributions of a comprehensive set of predictors and the most salient predictors of school dropout among a nationally representative sample of students with learning disabilities (LD). A comprehensive set of theoretically and empirically relevant factors was selected for examination. Analyses…

Predictors of relationship power among drug-involved women.

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Campbell, Aimee N C; Tross, Susan; Hu, Mei-chen; Pavlicova, Martina; Nunes, Edward V

2012-08-01

Gender-based relationship power is frequently linked to women's capacity to reduce sexual risk behaviors. This study offers an exploration of predictors of relationship power, as measured by the multidimensional and theoretically grounded sexual relationship power scale, among women in outpatient substance abuse treatment. Linear models were used to test nine predictors (age, race/ethnicity, education, time in treatment, economic dependence, substance use, sexual concurrency, partner abuse, and sex role orientation) of relationship power among 513 women participating in a multi-site HIV risk reduction intervention study. Significant predictors of relationship control included having a non-abusive male partner, only one male partner, and endorsing traditional masculine (or both masculine and feminine) sex role attributes. Predictors of decision-making dominance were interrelated, with substance use × partner abuse and age × sex role orientation interactions. Results contribute to the understanding of factors which may influence relationship power and to their potential role in HIV sexual risk reduction interventions.

Preeclampsia como factor de riesgo independiente para el trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad. Estudio de casos y controles. Bucaramanga, Colombia

OpenAIRE

Yuly Andrea Castellanos-Castellanos; Mauricio Escobar-Sánchez; María Carolina Páez-Leal; Luis Alfonso Díaz-Martínez; Carlos Andrés Arias-Duran; Derlly Marcela Espitia-Orejarena; Jesica Lisette Forero-Parada

2014-01-01

Introducción: El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad es una condición mental que afecta a niños y adolescentes con prevalencia estimada de 5.3% en la población mundial y en Colombia es de 19-24% en hombres y 10-12% en mujeres. Su etiología es multifactorial, entre ellos se encuentra la hipoxia como factor del medio ambiente uterino; presentándose en entidades como la preeclampsia, donde se ha considerado determinante en el desarrollo del trastorno por dé...

Speed control issues for tunnel-in-the-sky displays with predictor

Science.gov (United States)

Sachs, Gottfried; Sperl, Roman

2001-08-01

Speed control issues are considered for tunnel-in-the-sky displays with a predictor presenting guidance information in a 3-dimensional format for flight path control. Factors driving the predictor design are described. With reference to the resulting predictor control law, it is shown that the pilot-predictor-aircraft system is stable for operation on the frontside of the power-required curve and unstable for operation on the reverse. This instability can be removed by thrust control. It is shown that this control loop is supported by the predictor control law because of favorable coupling effects between the two loops involved. Furthermore, an appropriate speed indication in the tunnel-in-the-sky display is considered an aid in manual speed control. The theoretical findings are supported by experimental results from pilot-in-the-loop simulations.

Percent body fat is a better predictor of cardiovascular risk factors than body mass index

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zeng, Qiang; Dong, Sheng-Yong; Sun, Xiao-Nan; Xie, Jing; Cui, Yi [International Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing (China)

2012-04-20

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the predictive values of percent body fat (PBF) and body mass index (BMI) for cardiovascular risk factors, especially when PBF and BMI are conflicting. BMI was calculated by the standard formula and PBF was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. A total of 3859 ambulatory adult Han Chinese subjects (2173 males and 1686 females, age range: 18-85 years) without a history of cardiovascular diseases were recruited from February to September 2009. Based on BMI and PBF, they were classified into group 1 (normal BMI and PBF, N = 1961), group 2 (normal BMI, but abnormal PBF, N = 381), group 3 (abnormal BMI, but normal PBF, N = 681), and group 4 (abnormal BMI and PBF, N = 836). When age, gender, lifestyle, and family history of obesity were adjusted, PBF, but not BMI, was correlated with blood glucose and lipid levels. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for cardiovascular risk factors in groups 2 and 4 were 1.88 (1.45-2.45) and 2.06 (1.26-3.35) times those in group 1, respectively, but remained unchanged in group 3 (OR = 1.32, 95%CI = 0.92-1.89). Logistic regression models also demonstrated that PBF, rather than BMI, was independently associated with cardiovascular risk factors. In conclusion, PBF, and not BMI, is independently associated with cardiovascular risk factors, indicating that PBF is a better predictor.

Percent body fat is a better predictor of cardiovascular risk factors than body mass index

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zeng, Qiang; Dong, Sheng-Yong; Sun, Xiao-Nan; Xie, Jing; Cui, Yi

2012-01-01

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the predictive values of percent body fat (PBF) and body mass index (BMI) for cardiovascular risk factors, especially when PBF and BMI are conflicting. BMI was calculated by the standard formula and PBF was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. A total of 3859 ambulatory adult Han Chinese subjects (2173 males and 1686 females, age range: 18-85 years) without a history of cardiovascular diseases were recruited from February to September 2009. Based on BMI and PBF, they were classified into group 1 (normal BMI and PBF, N = 1961), group 2 (normal BMI, but abnormal PBF, N = 381), group 3 (abnormal BMI, but normal PBF, N = 681), and group 4 (abnormal BMI and PBF, N = 836). When age, gender, lifestyle, and family history of obesity were adjusted, PBF, but not BMI, was correlated with blood glucose and lipid levels. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for cardiovascular risk factors in groups 2 and 4 were 1.88 (1.45-2.45) and 2.06 (1.26-3.35) times those in group 1, respectively, but remained unchanged in group 3 (OR = 1.32, 95%CI = 0.92-1.89). Logistic regression models also demonstrated that PBF, rather than BMI, was independently associated with cardiovascular risk factors. In conclusion, PBF, and not BMI, is independently associated with cardiovascular risk factors, indicating that PBF is a better predictor

Epidemiological predictors of metabolic syndrome in urban West Bengal, India.

Science.gov (United States)

Chakraborty, Sasthi Narayan; Roy, Sunetra Kaviraj; Rahaman, Md Abdur

2015-01-01

Metabolic syndrome is one of the emerging health problems of the world. Its prevalence is high in urban areas. Though pathogenesis is complex, but the interaction of obesity, sedentary lifestyle, dietary, and genetic factors are known as contributing factors. Community-based studies were very few to find out the prevalence or predictors of the syndrome. To ascertain the prevalence and epidemiological predictors of metabolic syndrome. A total of 690 study subjects were chosen by 30 clusters random sampling method from 43 wards of Durgapur city. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 20 software and binary logistic regression was done to find out statistical significance of the predictors. Among 32.75% of the study population was diagnosed as metabolic syndrome according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III definition with a modification for Asia Pacific cut-off of waist circumference. Odds were more among females (2.43), upper social class (14.89), sedentary lifestyle (17.00), and positive family history. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was high in urban areas of Durgapur. Increased age, female gender, higher social status, sedentary lifestyle, positive family history, and higher education were the statistically significant predictors of metabolic syndrome.

Diabetic retinopathy: A predictor of coronary artery disease

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Fawzia El Demerdash

2012-06-01

Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy is a good predictor of coronary artery disease that exceeds the conventional risk factors. Diabetics with retinopathy would benefit from early coronary angiography and diabetic retinocoronary clinics are warranted.

Demographics as predictors of suicidal thoughts and behaviors: A meta-analysis.

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Xieyining Huang

Full Text Available Certain demographic factors have long been cited to confer risk or protection for suicidal thoughts and behaviors. However, many studies have found weak or non-significant effects. Determining the effect strength and clinical utility of demographics as predictors is crucial for suicide risk assessment and theory development. As such, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine the effect strength and clinical utility of demographics as predictors.We searched PsycInfo, PubMed, and GoogleScholar for studies published before January 1st, 2015. Inclusion criteria required that studies use at least one demographic factor to longitudinally predict suicide ideation, attempt, or death. The initial search yielded 2,541 studies, 159 of which were eligible. A total of 752 unique statistical tests were included in analysis.Suicide death was the most commonly studied outcome, followed by attempt and ideation. The average follow-up length was 9.4 years. The overall effects of demographic factors studied in the field as risk factors were significant but weak, and that of demographic factors studied as protective factors were non-significant. Adjusting for publication bias further reduced effect estimates. No specific demographic factors appeared to be strong predictors. The effects were consistent across multiple moderators.At least within the narrow methodological constraints of the existing literature, demographic factors were statistically significant risk factors, but not protective factors. Even as risk factors, demographics offer very little improvement in predictive accuracy. Future studies that go beyond the limitations of the existing literature are needed to further understand the effects of demographics.

Central venous catheter-related thrombosis in senile male patients: New risk factors and predictors.

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Liu, Gao; Fu, Zhi-Qing; Zhu, Ping; Li, Shi-Jun

2015-06-01

Central venous catheterization (CVC)-related venous thrombosis is a common but serious clinical complication, thus prevention and treatment on this problem should be extensively investigated. In this research, we aimed to investigate the incidence rate of CVC-related venous thrombosis in senile patients and give a further discussion on the related risk factors and predictors. A total of 324 hospitalized senile male patients subjected to CVC were selected. Retrospective investigation and analysis were conducted on age, underlying diseases, clinical medications, catheterization position and side, catheter retention time, and incidence of CVC-related venous thrombosis complications. Basic laboratory test results during catheterization and thrombogenesis were also collected and analyzed. Among the 324 patients, 20 cases (6.17%) of CVC-related venous thrombosis were diagnoseds. The incidence rate of CVC-related venous thrombosis in subclavian vein catheterization was significantly lower than that in femoral vein catheterization (Pcatheterization (Pcatheterization and internal jugular vein catheterization (Pvenous thrombosis history (Pvenous thrombosis in senile male patients. Subclavian vein catheterization was the most appropriate choice among senile patients to decrease the incidence of CVC-related venous thrombosis. Previous venous thrombosis history, high lactate dehydrogenase level, low HDL level, and low albumin level were important risk factors in predicting CVC-related venous thrombosis.

Predictors of red blood cell transfusion after cardiac surgery: a prospective cohort study

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Camila Takao Lopes

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract OBJECTIVE To identify predictors of red blood cell transfusion (RBCT after cardiac surgery. METHOD A prospective cohort study performed with 323 adults after cardiac surgery, from April to December of 2013. A data collection instrument was constructed by the researchers containing factors associated with excessive bleeding after cardiac surgery, as found in the literature, for investigation in the immediate postoperative period. The relationship between risk factors and the outcome was assessed by univariate analysis and logistic regression. RESULTS The factors associated with RBCT in the immediate postoperative period included lower height and weight, decreased platelet count, lower hemoglobin level, higher prevalence of platelet count <150x10 3/mm3, lower volume of protamine, longer duration of anesthesia, higher prevalence of intraoperative RBCT, lower body temperature, higher heart rate and higher positive end-expiratory pressure. The independent predictor was weight <66.5Kg. CONCLUSION Factors associated with RBCT in the immediate postoperative period of cardiac surgery were found. The independent predictor was weight.

Predictores de la gravedad de la depresión en personas adultas que buscan tratamiento

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Derek Richards

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Antecedentes/Objetivo : La depresión es uno de los trastornos de salud mental más co - munes y un incipiente problema de salud pública. Pocos estudios han investigado la prevalencia y factores predictivos de su gravedad en el contexto irlandés. El objetivo del estudio fue investigar los factores de riesgo que predicen la gravedad de la depresión en una muestra de adultos en Irlanda en búsqueda de tratamiento. Método : Los participan - tes auto-referidos accedieron a una intervención en línea para la depresión. Los partici - pantes ( N = 641 completaron cuestionarios, incluyendo el BDI-II, e información asociada con predictores comunes de la depresión. Resultados : Se encontraron varios factores que predijeron la gravedad de la depresión: el sexo, ser mujer, ser joven, situación laboral, estar soltero o con pareja pero no casado, diagnóstico previo de depresión y experiencias de estrés recientes. Conclusiones : El estudio contribuye a la elaboración de perfiles de incidencia y factores predictivos en la gravedad de la depresión. Los resultados confir - man algunos de los factores de riesgo conocidos y ponen en relieve la necesidad de nue - vas investigaciones que lleven a cabo la detección de la depresión así como un mayor acceso a las intervenciones.

Professionalism, Demographics, and Motivation: Predictors of Job Satisfaction Among Nigerian Teachers

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NWACHUKWU PRINCE OLOLUBE

2007-08-01

Full Text Available This research article examines the intensity of satisfaction in the teaching career amongst the secondary school teaching workforce and identifies some work-related factors associated with job satisfaction. The main focus of this study is to probe the impact of the hygiene and motivation factors as a predictor of job satisfaction and see how they align with other existing studies. For the purpose of this study, hygiene factors are factors that cause dissatisfaction and motivation factors are factors that cause employees to be satisfied with their job. A questionnaire was used for data gathering, and multiple statistical procedures were employed in the analysis. The findings revealed that both the extrinsic (hygiene and the intrinsic (motivation factors are predictors of job satisfaction. In particular, this research work is written for educational administrators, policymakers and planners that are interested in empirical information methods that might help them improve secondary schooling in Nigeria and elsewhere.

El capital social como factor de éxito en microempresas rurales que elaboran productos procesados de nopal en Tlaxcala

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Ingrid Anaid Toiber Rodríguez

2017-01-01

Full Text Available En México alrededor de 200,000 empresas se crean cada año, sin embargo, únicamente el 35% de ellas sobreviven después de dos años de operación. Entre las causas más importan-tes de este problema se encuentran la falta de acceso al financiamiento, fuerza de trabajo ca-rente de habilidades y deficiente información so-bre oportunidades de mercado. Dos estrategias comúnmente adoptadas por las empresas son la capacitación de sus integrantes y la participa-ción en asociaciones, como la Red Nacional de Desarrollo Rural Sustentable (Rendrus. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar los factores de éxito de microempresas rurales que se dedican a la producción de productos procesados de nopal, en el estado de Tlaxcala, México, que han participado en las reuniones de la Rendrus. Metodología. Se utilizó la téc-nica de investigación de “Estudios de casos”, entrevistando a diversos integrantes de tres empresas. Los resultados indican que las em-presas han sobrevivido en el mercado gracias a su capital social, como el principal factor del éxito, manifestado a través de sus procesos or-ganizativos, compromiso, dedicación y soli-daridad, les ha permitido enfrentar las limi-tantes en relación a la disponibilidad de tecnología, problemas de mercadeo y canales de comercialización limitados, niveles bajos de ventas y esquemas limitados de innovación.

Dieta, obesidad y sedentarismo como factores de riesgo del cáncer de mama

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Carlos Antonio Oliva Anaya

Full Text Available El cáncer de mama es la primera causa de muerte por tumores malignos entre las mujeres. Una dieta no saludable, el sedentarismo y la obesidad son factores de riesgo importantes para padecer cáncer de mama, sobre todo en mujeres posmenopáusicas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es revisar los estudios epidemiológicos más relevantes sobre dieta, obesidad y cáncer de mama en las mujeres. Se estableció una estrategia de información, educación y comunicación social como apoyo a las acciones del Programa Nacional de Control de Cáncer Mamario. Para la prevención y tratamiento de la obesidad e incidencia de cáncer de mama es necesario actividades de educación nutricional, para producir cambios en los patrones y hábitos alimentarios y por consiguiente de estilos de vida, que promuevan una dieta más variada y el aumento del ejercicio físico, entre otros aspectos.

Bagging Weak Predictors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lukas, Manuel; Hillebrand, Eric

Relations between economic variables can often not be exploited for forecasting, suggesting that predictors are weak in the sense that estimation uncertainty is larger than bias from ignoring the relation. In this paper, we propose a novel bagging predictor designed for such weak predictor variab...

Los espacios y la frecuencia de contacto con la diversidad cultural como factores de desarrollo de la sensibilidad intercultural

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Paola Ruiz-Bernardo

2018-01-01

Full Text Available La globalización, y en particular sus grandes movimientos migratorios, está transformando la realidad socio-cultural de las ciudades. Estos cambios no pasan desapercibidos entre sus habitantes y, por ello, este artículo aborda el desarrollo de la sensibilidad intercultural (SI mediante la influencia de la frecuencia y los espacios que se comparten con personas de diferentes culturas. Se analizan dos factores relativos a la teoría de contacto intergrupal (TCI según los cuales se podría favorecer el desarrollo de la actitud señalada (SI. El estudio, realizado en la provincia de Castellón (España, es de tipo descriptivo de carácter correlacional. Los resultados revelan que son más sensibles, interculturalmente, aquellos que “a diario” conviven con la diversidad cultural y los que comparten espacios de mayor intimidad, como “el hogar” o “el grupo de amigos”, con personas de diferentes culturas. Se resalta la importancia de generar espacios de encuentros como estrategia de intervención socio-comunitaria y pedagógica que facilite la convivencia y cohesión social.

Indicadores antropométricos como preditores de pressão arterial elevada em adolescentes Indicadores antropométricos como predictores de presión arterial elevada en adolescentes Anthropometric indicators as predictors of high blood pressure in adolescents

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Carmem Cristina Beck

2011-02-01

étricos. OBJETIVO: Determinar el poder predictivo de indicadores antropométricos y establecer sus puntos de corte como discriminadores de presión arterial elevada. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal realizado con una muestra de 660 adolescentes de 14 a 19 años siendo 51,9% jóvenes del sexo femenino. Se tuvieron en cuenta los siguientes indicadores antropométricos: índice de masa corporal (IMC, circunferencia de la cintura, razón cintura/estatura e índice de conicidad. La presión arterial elevada se caracterizó por valores superiores a un percentil 90 para presión arterial sistólica y/o presión arterial diastólica. Para identificación de los predictores de presión arterial elevada, se adoptó el análisis de las curvas Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC, con intervalo de confianza del 95%. Posteriormente, se identificaron los puntos de corte con sus respectivas sensibilidades y especificidades. RESULTADOS: Las áreas bajo las curvas ROC con los intervalos de confianza fueron: Jóvenes del sexo masculino - circunferencia de cintura = 0,80 (0,72 - 0,89; IMC = 0,79 (0,68 - 0,89; razón cintura/estatura = 0,77 (0,66 - 0,88; índice de conicidad = 0,69 (0,56 - 0,81 y para las jóvenes del sexo femenino - circunferencia de la cintura = 0,96 (0,92 - 1,00; IMC = 0,95 (0,87 - 1,00; razón cintura/estatura = 0,93 (0,85 - 1,00; índice de conicidad = 0,74 (0,50 - 0,98. Se identificaron los diversos puntos de corte de los indicadores antropométricos con mejores poderes predictivos y sus respectivas sensibilidades y especificidades. CONCLUSIÓN: A pesar de la razón cintura/estatura y del IMC haber presentado buenas áreas bajo la curva ROC, se sugiere la utilización de la circunferencia de la cintura para la predicción de la presión arterial elevada.BACKGROUND: Hypertension is related to increased body fat, which can be evaluated by anthropometric indicators. OBJECTIVE: To determine the predictive power of anthropometric indicators and establish their cutoff points as

Las capacidades de mercadotecnia como un factor de incide en la competitividad de los productores de flores en México

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Ana Lilia Coria Páez

2016-03-01

Full Text Available En México existe un enorme potencial del sector floricultor que desafortunadamente no se ha aprovechado: la privilegiada posición geográfica de México, su cercanía con Estados Unidos y Canadá, la variedad de climas y suelos propicios para la actividad; sin embargo, la oportunidad la han aprovechado otros países. El presente estudio empírico tiene como objetivo determinar en qué medida la calidad, la innovación, las capacidades gerenciales y de mercadotecnia inciden en la competitividad de los productores del sector floricultor del pueblo de San Andrés Totoltepec, Tlalpan. Para tal efecto se realizaron entrevistas y se aplicó un cuestionario. Dentro de los hallazgos se encontró que las capacidades de mercadotecnia y la competitividad presentan una correlación apreciable y más bien alta de 0.653, lo cual aporta evidencia empírica relacionada con la mercadotecnia como uno de los factores internos con mayor capacidad para generar competitividad (Ketchen, Hult y Slater, 2007; Kloter, 1994.

El capital social como factor para el desarrollo en el Pueblo Mágico de Tapijulapa

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Jose Raul Luyando Cuevas

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El capital social es un factor de integración con el que se pueden lograr avances en el desarrollo de una localidad, debido a las relaciones solidarias que se entretejen entre sus miembros. Esta investigación articula un análisis de la confianza y las redes sociales como fuentes de capital social que pueden facilitar u obstaculizar el proceso de cambio y de desarrollo en el Pueblo Mágico de Tapijulapa. Los resultados obtenidos mediante análisis factorial –utilizando la técnica de componentes principales– muestran la relevancia del capital social en el proceso de construcción de relaciones mutuamente beneficiosas que sirven de sustento para generar un mayor beneficio entre sus pobladores. Ponen especial atención a la participación de individuos y agrupaciones nativas para que, en conjunto con las externas, puedan consolidar las acciones, programas y proyectos.

Predictor variables of happiness and its connection with risk and protective factors for health

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Maite eGaraigordobil

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Great thinkers, philosophers, scientists, and artists from History have often been concerned about one of the most important elements of life: happiness. The study had four goals: 1 To analyze possible differences in feelings of happiness as a function of sex and age; 2 To explore the relations of happiness with risk factors (psychopathological symptoms, behavior problems and protective factors (self-concept-self-esteem, cooperative behavior, social skills for health; 3 To identify predictor variables of happiness; and 4 To explore whether self-esteem mediates the relationship between happiness and psychopathological symptoms. The sample comprised 286 adolescents (14-16 years old. The study used a descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional methodology. Seven assessment instruments were administered. The ANOVAs confirm that there are no sex differences, but happiness decreases as age increases. Pearson coefficients show that adolescents with more feelings of happiness had fewer psychopathological symptoms (somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism…, fewer behavioral problems (school-academic, antisocial behavior, shyness-withdrawal, psychopathological, psychosomatic, high social adaptation, high self-concept/self-esteem, many cooperative behaviors, many appropriate social skills, and few negative social skills (inappropriate assertiveness, impulsiveness, jealousy-withdrawal. Multiple regression analysis identified five variables predicting happiness: high self-concept, few symptoms of depression, many cooperative behaviors, high self-esteem, and low psychoticism. Results showed a partial mediational effect of self-esteem in the relation between happiness and psychopathological symptoms. The discussion focuses on the importance of implementing programs to promote feelings of happiness, as well as protective factors for health (self

Predictor variables of happiness and its connection with risk and protective factors for health

Science.gov (United States)

Garaigordobil, Maite

2015-01-01

Great thinkers, philosophers, scientists, and artists from History have often been concerned about one of the most important elements of life: happiness. The study had four goals: (1) To analyze possible differences in feelings of happiness as a function of sex and age; (2) To explore the relations of happiness with risk factors (psychopathological symptoms, behavior problems) and protective factors (self-concept-self-esteem, cooperative behavior, social skills) for health; (3) To identify predictor variables of happiness; and (4) To explore whether self-esteem mediates the relationship between happiness and psychopathological symptoms. The sample comprised 286 adolescents (14–16 years old). The study used a descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional methodology. Seven assessment instruments were administered. The ANOVAs confirm that there are no sex differences, but happiness decreases as age increases. Pearson coefficients show that adolescents with more feelings of happiness had fewer psychopathological symptoms (somatization, obsession–compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism…), fewer behavioral problems (school-academic, antisocial behavior, shyness-withdrawal, psychopathological, psychosomatic), high social adaptation, high self-concept/self-esteem, many cooperative behaviors, many appropriate social skills, and few negative social skills (inappropriate assertiveness, impulsiveness, jealousy-withdrawal). Multiple regression analysis identified five variables predicting happiness: high self-concept, few symptoms of depression, many cooperative behaviors, high self-esteem, and low psychoticism. Results showed a partial mediational effect of self-esteem in the relation between happiness and psychopathological symptoms. The discussion focuses on the importance of implementing programs to promote feelings of happiness, as well as protective factors for health (self

Epidemiological predictors of metabolic syndrome in urban West Bengal, India

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Sasthi Narayan Chakraborty

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction: Metabolic syndrome is one of the emerging health problems of the world. Its prevalence is high in urban areas. Though pathogenesis is complex, but the interaction of obesity, sedentary lifestyle, dietary, and genetic factors are known as contributing factors. Community-based studies were very few to find out the prevalence or predictors of the syndrome. Objectives: To ascertain the prevalence and epidemiological predictors of metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: A total of 690 study subjects were chosen by 30 clusters random sampling method from 43 wards of Durgapur city. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 20 software and binary logistic regression was done to find out statistical significance of the predictors. Results: Among 32.75% of the study population was diagnosed as metabolic syndrome according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III definition with a modification for Asia Pacific cut-off of waist circumference. Odds were more among females (2.43, upper social class (14.89, sedentary lifestyle (17.00, and positive family history. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was high in urban areas of Durgapur. Increased age, female gender, higher social status, sedentary lifestyle, positive family history, and higher education were the statistically significant predictors of metabolic syndrome.

Octadecanoides como reguladores de la defensa de las plantas

OpenAIRE

G. Camarena Gutiérrez

2002-01-01

En años recientes muchas moléculas lipoides muy potentes han sido identificadas, comprenden compuestos lipofílicos no derivados de lípidos como los brasinoesteroides triterpenoides, otros que parcialmente son de origen lipídico como los lipo-oligosacáridos, factores de nodulación de especies de Rhizobium que pueden tener parientes endógenos en las plantas, y un tercer grupo, los octadecanoides, cuyas estructuras son derivadas de ácidos grasos vegetales. Las señales mediadas por lípid...

Predictors of transformational leadership of nurse managers.

Science.gov (United States)

Echevarria, Ilia M; Patterson, Barbara J; Krouse, Anne

2017-04-01

The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among education, leadership experience, emotional intelligence and transformational leadership of nurse managers. Nursing leadership research provides limited evidence of predictors of transformational leadership style in nurse managers. A predictive correlational design was used with a sample of nurse managers (n = 148) working in varied health care settings. Data were collected using the Genos Emotional Intelligence Inventory, the Multi-factor Leadership Questionnaire and a demographic questionnaire. Simple linear and multiple regression analyses were used to examine relationships. A statistically significant relationship was found between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership (r = 0.59, P transformational leadership. Nurse managers should be well informed of the predictors of transformational leadership in order to pursue continuing education and development opportunities related to those predictors. The results of this study emphasise the need for emotional intelligence continuing education, leadership development and leader assessment programmes. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Predictors of obesity and cardiometabolic disease risk in South ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

association between bodyweight disorders, such as underweight, overweight ... To assess the predictors of overweight and obesity in SA children and adolescents. Methods. ..... factors, poor nutritional intake and food practices and parents'.

Predictors of postpartum depression.

Science.gov (United States)

Katon, Wayne; Russo, Joan; Gavin, Amelia

2014-09-01

To examine sociodemographic factors, pregnancy-associated psychosocial stress and depression, health risk behaviors, prepregnancy medical and psychiatric illness, pregnancy-related illnesses, and birth outcomes as risk factors for post-partum depression (PPD). A prospective cohort study screened women at 4 and 8 months of pregnancy and used hierarchical logistic regression analyses to examine predictors of PPD. The study sample include 1,423 pregnant women at a university-based high risk obstetrics clinic. A score of ≥10 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) indicated clinically significant depressive symptoms. Compared with women without significant postpartum depressive symptoms, women with PPD were significantly younger (pdepressive symptoms (pdepression case finding for pregnant women.

Valores humanos como explicadores de atitudes ambientais e intenção de comportamento pró-ambiental Human values as predictors of environmental attitudes and pro-environmental behavior

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jorge Artur Peçanha de Miranda Coelho

2006-04-01

Full Text Available Os valores humanos têm sido apontados como importantes para o entendimento e predição de atitudes e comportamentos pró-ambientais. Embora a literatura saliente a relação destes três construtos, nenhuma informação foi encontrada considerando amostras brasileiras. Este estudo buscou contribuir para preencher esta lacuna. O estudo contou com a participação de 208 estudantes universitários, sendo a maioria de uma universidade privada (63,8%, do sexo feminino (73,4% e com idade média de 28 anos (DP = 7,0. Estes responderam a dois instrumentos: Questionário dos Valores de Schwartz e Escala de Atitudes Ecocêntricas e Antropocêntricas, além de uma pergunta acerca da intenção de se engajar em comportamento pró-ambiental e questões demográficas. Os resultados corroboraram estudos prévios, indicando que os valores de autotranscendência, especificamente os de orientação universalista, predizem atitudes e comportamentos pró-ambientais. Os resultados são discutidos, propondo a utilização dos valores humanos como facilitadores na promoção de comportamentos em prol do ambiente.Human values have been pointed out as important predictors of environmental attitudes and pro-environmental behaviors. Although the literature supports the relationship between these three constructs, no information was found considering Brazilian samples. This study aimed to contribute to this gap. Participated in this study a number of 208 undergraduate students; most of them were from a private university (63.8%, female (73.4% and with mean age of 28 years (SD = 7.0. They answered the Schwartz Values Survey and the Echocentric and Anthropocentric Attitudes Scale, an item to measure intention of pro-environment behaviors, and demographic questions. Results support previous studies. Specifically, self-transcendence values were the most important to explain pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors. These findings are discussed regarding the possibility of

A 6-year longitudinal study of predictors for suicide attempts in major depressive disorder.

Science.gov (United States)

Eikelenboom, Merijn; Beekman, Aartjan T F; Penninx, Brenda W J H; Smit, Johannes H

2018-06-13

Major depressive disorder (MDD), represent a major source of risk for suicidality. However, knowledge about risk factors for future suicide attempts (SAs) within MDD is limited. The present longitudinal study examined a wide range of putative non-clinical risk factors (demographic, social, lifestyle, personality) and clinical risk factors (depressive and suicidal indicators) for future SAs among persons with MDD. Furthermore, we examined the relationship between a number of significant predictors and the incidence of a future SA. Data are from 1713 persons (18-65 years) with a lifetime MDD at the baseline measurement of the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety who were subsequently followed up 2, 4 and 6 years. SAs were assessed in the face-to-face measurements. Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were used to examine a wide range of possible non-clinical and clinical predictors for subsequent SAs during 6-year follow-up. Over a period of 6 years, 3.4% of the respondents attempted suicide. Younger age, lower education, unemployment, insomnia, antidepressant use, a previous SA and current suicidal thoughts independently predicted a future SA. The number of significant risk factors (ranging from 0 to 7) linearly predicted the incidence of future SAs: in those with 0 predictors the SA incidence was 0%, which increased to 32% incidence in those with 6+ predictors. Of the non-clinical factors, particularly socio-economic factors predicted a SA independently. Furthermore, preexisting suicidal ideation and insomnia appear to be important clinical risk factors for subsequent SA that are open to preventative intervention.

Predictors of justice system involvement: Maltreatment and education.

Science.gov (United States)

Robertson, Angela A; Walker, Courtney S

2018-02-01

Decades of research have established that experience of abuse and/or neglect in childhood is related to negative outcomes, such as juvenile delinquency. Existing research has shown that involvement in child welfare services is also related to juvenile delinquency, particularly for children who are victims of neglect. Research has also identified educational factors such as chronic absenteeism as significant predictors of involvement in the juvenile justice system. However, little research has investigated the combined influence of educational factors, child abuse, and involvement in child protective services on justice system involvement. The current study examined the influence of educational factors and involvement in child protective services on justice system involvement. The study utilized records from an educational database of children who attended a school within a county of Mississippi in any year from 2003 through 2013. Cases were then matched with records from the county Youth Court, Law Enforcement agencies, and Child Protection Services. A multivariate logistic regression controlling for gender, race, current age, and time at risk was conducted to involvement in the justice system. In general, educational factors were stronger predictors of justice system involvement than allegations of maltreatment. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Breastfeeding status as a predictor of mortality among refugee children in an emergency situation in Guinea-Bissau

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jakobsen, Marianne; Sodemann, Morten; Nylén, Gunnar

2003-01-01

To identify the population risk factors in emergency situations, we studied breastfeeding status as a predictor for child mortality during a war in Guinea-Bissau.......To identify the population risk factors in emergency situations, we studied breastfeeding status as a predictor for child mortality during a war in Guinea-Bissau....

One-leg balance is an important predictor of injurious falls in older persons.

Science.gov (United States)

Vellas, B J; Wayne, S J; Romero, L; Baumgartner, R N; Rubenstein, L Z; Garry, P J

1997-06-01

To test the hypothesis that one-leg balance is a significant predictor of falls and injurious falls. Analysis of data from a longitudinal cohort study. Healthy, community-living volunteers older than age 60 enrolled in the Albuquerque Falls Study and followed for 3 years (N = 316; mean age 73 years). Falls and injurious falls detected via reports every other month. Baseline measures of demographics, history, physical examination, Iowa Self Assessment Inventory, balance and gait assessment, and one-leg balance (ability to stand unassisted for 5 seconds on one leg). At baseline, 84.5% of subjects could perform one-leg balance. (Impairment was associated with older age and gait abnormalities.) Over the 3-year follow-up, 71% experienced a fall and 22% an injurious fall. The only independent significant predictor of all falls using logistic regression was age greater than 73. However, impaired one-leg balance was the only significant independent predictor of injurious falls (relative risk: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.04, 4.34; P = .03). One-leg balance appears to be a significant and easy-to-administer predictor of injurious falls, but not of all falls. In our study, it was the strongest individual predictor. However, no single factor seems to be accurate enough to be relied on as a sole predictor of fall risk or fall injury risk because so many diverse factors are involved in falling.

Condiciones de trabajo en la producción de comidas como factores de riesgo para la enfermedad venosa de miembros inferiores

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Clarissa Medeiros da Luz Bertoldi

2007-03-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio tiene por objetivo identificar los factores que pueden desencadenar o, según el caso, empeorar el desarrollo de enfermedades venosas en los miembros inferiores en operarios de una cocina colectiva, denominada Unidad de Alimentación y Nutrición. Se ha realizado un estudio cualitativo descriptivo de las condiciones de trabajo de los operarios de la cocina del Hospital Universitario de Florianópolis, al sur de Brasil. Se ha utilizado la metodología del Análisis Ergonómico del Trabajo. Como técnicas para la recopilación de datos se han realizado entrevistas con cuestionario aplicado por el observador, evaluación del Índice de Masa Corporal, examen clínico específico, volumetría por desplazamiento de agua de miembros inferiores, observación directa de las actividades desarrolladas en el ambiente de trabajo, con registro de imágenes y utilización de material como podómetro, cronómetro y termo-higrómetro digital. Tras la realización del estudio se ha podido observar la presencia de distintos grados de enfermedad venosa en un 78,57% de los casos, con una variación media para volumetría del 5,13%. Se han encontrado factores de riesgo para enfermedad venosa en el ambiente investigado, tales como, la postura de bipedestación por largos periodos de tiempo, temperatura y humedad elevados, la carga inadecuada de peso y el sobrepeso de los operarios.The present study evaluates which factors may influence the appearance or severity of lower limb venous disease on workers of a Unit of Food Service. A qualitative research, in the form of a case study, was carried out at a hospital Unit of Food Service located in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The followed methodology was the Ergonomic Analysis of Work. As for data collection, the following were used: interviews and Body Mass Index (BMI assessment; specific clinical examination, water displacement volumetry of the lower extremities, in addition, on site direct

Uma revisão sobre depressão como fator de risco na Doença de Parkinson e seu impacto na cognição Revisión sobre la depressión como factor de riesgo en el Mal de Parkinson e impacto sobre la cognición A review of depression as a risk factor in Parkinson's disease and the impact on cognition

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cláudia Débora Silberman

2004-04-01

utilizem critérios diagnósticos definidos e com amostras representativas da população podem trazer esclarecimento sobre o assunto.OBJETIVOS: Este trabajo tiene dos objetivos: 1 Examinar el impacto de la depresión sobre la cognición en el Mal de Parkinson (MP. 2 Examinar el papel de la depresión como factor de riesgo tanto para el MP como para trastorno cognoscitivo en el MP. METODOLOGÍA: Revisión de la literatura internacional (Medline, de artículos clínicos, seccionales, prospectivos y de caso control evaluando la función cognoscitiva de Parkinsonianos con y sin depresión, entre 1967 y 2003. Palabras clave: Mal de Parkinson, Depresión y Cognición. RESULTADOS: Los trabajos sobre el impacto de la depresión en la cognición de parkinsonianos presentan afirmaciones divergentes. Cinco artículos concluyen que hay impacto e cuatro no confirman esos datos. Puede afirmarse que la depresión es un factor de riesgos para MP así como el MP es un factor de riesgo para la depresión. No en tanto, ninguna definición fue posible en lo que se refiere a la depresión como factor de riesgo para trastornos cognoscitivos en parkinsonianos. Se observa que los datos sobre a prevalencia de la depresión y déficit cognoscitivo en el MP son inconclusivos con grande margen porcentual entre los autores. La depresión en parkinsonianos está asociada con el avance de la gravedad del MP, estado avanzado de Hoehn y Yahr, puntuación alta en la Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS ocurrencia de caídas, baja puntuación en el Mini Examen del Estado Mental (MEEM y en la escala de Schwab y England, déficit cognoscitivo, bradykinesia axial, alteraciones en el caminar y en el balance, edad más avanzada, sexo femenino y presencia de alteración del pensamiento. CONCLUSIÓN: La interacción entre la depresión y MP es compleja y bi-direccional. La depresión es un factor de riesgo para MP así como MP es un factor de riesgo para la depresión. Es imposible trazar un perfil mas

RS-WebPredictor

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Zaretzki, J.; Bergeron, C.; Huang, T.-W.

2013-01-01

Regioselectivity-WebPredictor (RS-WebPredictor) is a server that predicts isozyme-specific cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated sites of metabolism (SOMs) on drug-like molecules. Predictions may be made for the promiscuous 2C9, 2D6 and 3A4 CYP isozymes, as well as CYPs 1A2, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C19 and 2E1....... RS-WebPredictor is the first freely accessible server that predicts the regioselectivity of the last six isozymes. Server execution time is fast, taking on average 2s to encode a submitted molecule and 1s to apply a given model, allowing for high-throughput use in lead optimization projects.......Availability: RS-WebPredictor is accessible for free use at http://reccr.chem.rpi.edu/ Software/RS-WebPredictor....

La evanescencia del pueblo y los usos del romancero como factor de identidad política

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Díaz Viana, Luis

2011-10-01

Full Text Available The compilation and study of the ballad tradition in general and the romancero in particular, have constituted, since they began to wake up the interest of the romantic folklorists, a specially propitious field to be used like factor of reconstruction of political identities. The fact that music and text they are in all ballad traditions united and combined fosters that potentiality. What this work discusses is why in the case of romancero the dominant tendency in research has been characterized until present times by the approach on a national or Hispanic scale, getting to even advise against the practice of the regional or provincial collections. And what methodological changes have been carried out by this position, which cannot be separated, on the other hand, from a theoretical concept of folk as national folk and which determines, in parallel, the evanescence and liquation of located and particular people, those who not only transmit, but also create culture, the true folk.

La recopilación y el estudio de la balada en general, y del romancero en particular, ha constituido, desde que se empieza a despertar el interés de los folkloristas románticos, un campo especialmente propicio para ser utilizado como factor de reconstrucción de identidades políticas. El hecho de que música y texto estén en toda baladística inseparablemente unidos favorece esa potencialidad. Lo que este trabajo se plantea es por qué en el caso del romancero la tendencia dominante en su estudio se ha caracterizado hasta el presente por un enfoque a escala nacional o hispánico, llegando a desaconsejarse incluso la práctica de las colecciones regionales o provinciales. Y qué condicionamientos metodológicos ha acarreado esta postura, a la que no se puede desligar –de otro lado– de una determinada concepción teórica de pueblo, como pueblo-nación, la cual viene a determinar –paralelamente– la evanescencia y licuación de una gente o pueblo m

Hábitos alimentarios, actividad física y binomio ansiedad/depresión como factores de riesgo asociados con el desarrollo de obesidad en población militar

OpenAIRE

M.A. Vazquez Guzman

2014-01-01

Antecedentes y objetivos: El sobrepeso y la obesidad son reconocidos como uno de los retos de salud pública del mundo. El objetivo fue determinar si los hábitos alimentarios, actividad física, y ansiedad y depresión, son factores de riesgo asociados con el desarrollo de obesidad en población militar mexicana. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico, tipo casos y controles, en el que se determinó la prevalencia de sobrepeso-obesidad, definida como sujetos con un IMC>...

Predictors of success after laparoscopic gastric bypass: a multivariate analysis of socioeconomic factors.

Science.gov (United States)

Lutfi, R; Torquati, A; Sekhar, N; Richards, W O

2006-06-01

Laparoscopic gastric bypass (LGB) has proven efficacy in causing significant and durable weight loss. However, the degree of postoperative weight loss and metabolic improvement varies greatly among individuals. Our study is aimed to identify independent predictors of successful weight loss after LGB. Socioeconomic demographics were prospectively collected on patients undergoing LGB. Primary endpoint was percent of excess weight loss (EWL) at 1-year follow-up. Insufficient weight loss was defined as EWL or=52.8%. According to this definition, 147 patients (81.7%) achieved successful weight loss 1 year after LGB. On univariate analysis, preoperative BMI had a significant effect on EWL, with patients with BMI vs 61.6%; p = 0.001). Marriage status was also a significant predictor of successful outcome, with single patients achieving a higher percentage of EWL than married patients (89.8% vs 77.7%; p = 0.04). Race had a noticeable but not statistically significant effect, with Caucasian patients achieving a higher percentage of EWL than African Americans (82.9% vs 60%; p = 0.06). Marital status remained an independent predictor of success in the multivariate logistic regression model after adjusting for covariates. Married patients were at more than two times the risk of failure compared to those who were unmarried (OR 2.6; 95% CI: 1.1-6.5, p = 0.04). Weight loss achieved at 1 year after LGB is suboptimal in superobese patients. Single patients with BMI < 50 had the best chance of achieving greater weight loss.

Eficiencia en el mercado financiero del Ecuador: tasa forward como predictor de la tasa spot futura

OpenAIRE

Cadena, Sandra; Gencon, Juan P.; Lemus Sares, Daniel

2009-01-01

El presente documento constituye un estudio sobre la eficiencia en el mercado financiero ecuatoriano vista desde la óptica del poder predictivo de las tasas de interés implícitas en la estructura a plazos de los tipos corrientes sobre las tasas de interés futuras. La realización de este trabajo tiene como base la hipótesis de las expectativas, la cual considera que las futuras tasas de interés están determinadas por las expectativas que los agentes económicos mantienen sobre dichas tasas de i...

Espiritualidad, esperanza y dependencia como predictores de la satisfacción vital y la percepción de salud: efecto moderador de ser muy mayor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Amparo Oliver

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: analizar algunos predictores de la calidad de vida en personas mayores, diferenciando entre mayores jóvenes o muy ma- yores. Esto es, se estudia un potencial efecto moderador debido a ser muy mayor, dado que este sector de la población está en rápido crecimiento en todo el mundo. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal analítico de encuesta a 224 personas mayores, en dos grupos diferenciales, menores de 75 años y 75 años o más, que viven en la ciudad de Valencia (España. Resultados: se ajustó un modelo es- tructural multimuestra donde las dimensiones de espiritualidad y la esperanza predicen dos indicadores de calidad de vida en personas mayores: satisfacción vital y percepción de salud. Se han encontrado relaciones estadísticamente significativas ( p < 0,05 entre la espi- ritualidad y la esperanza, y los dos indicadores; especialmente potente es la predicción de la satisfacción vital. Asimismo, los resultados multimuestra indican que la fe juega un papel diferencial relevante en los muy mayores. Discusión: se ponen en relación los hallazgos con la literatura. Conclusiones: existe un importante impacto, en algunos casos diferencial para los muy mayores, de la espiritualidad sobre indicadores de envejecimiento con éxito tales como la satisfacción vital y la salud, y la capacidad para realizar actividades, ya sea instrumentales de la vida diaria, o en general todo tipo de actividades productivas.

Seasonal variation and predictors of epistaxis.

Science.gov (United States)

Purkey, Matthew R; Seeskin, Zachary; Chandra, Rakesh

2014-09-01

To examine the incidence of epistaxis as a function of season and age and to determine predictors of episodes within the epistaxis patient population presenting to a tertiary hospital system. Retrospective cohort study. Electronic medical record charts of patients presenting to the Northwestern Emergency Department, admitted to an inpatient ward, or seen in an outpatient setting between 2008 and 2012 were reviewed and selected for an International Classifications of Disease-Ninth Revision epistaxis code of 784.7. Season of presentation, demographic factors (age, race, gender, insurance status), medication use (including anticoagulants and topical nasal steroid administration), and several comorbidities were analyzed as potential predictors of episodes. A total of 2,405 patients were identified with a total of 3,666 individual epistaxis episodes over 5 years. Multivariate analysis identified allergic rhinitis (AR), chronic sinusitis (CRS), coagulopathy, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), hematologic malignancy, and hypertension (HTN) as predictors of a higher number of cases. Epistaxis occurred more frequently during colder months and in older patients. Epistaxis occurs more commonly during the winter and in older patients. AR, CRS, coagulopathy, HHT, hematologic malignancy, and HTN are associated with increased epistaxis incidence. © 2014 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.

Comparative Analysis and Predictors of 10-year Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors Drug Survival in Patients with Spondyloarthritis: First-year Response Predicts Longterm Drug Persistence.

Science.gov (United States)

Flouri, Irini D; Markatseli, Theodora E; Boki, Kyriaki A; Papadopoulos, Ioannis; Skopouli, Fotini N; Voulgari, Paraskevi V; Settas, Loukas; Zisopoulos, Dimitrios; Iliopoulos, Alexios; Geborek, Pierre; Drosos, Alexandros A; Boumpas, Dimitrios T; Sidiropoulos, Prodromos

2018-04-01

To evaluate the 10-year drug survival of the first tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) administered to patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) overall and comparatively between SpA subsets, and to identify predictors of drug retention. Patients with SpA in the Hellenic Registry of Biologic Therapies, a prospective multicenter observational cohort, starting their first TNFi between 2004-2014 were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models were used. Overall, 404 out of 1077 patients (37.5%) discontinued treatment (followup: 4288 patient-yrs). Ten-year drug survival was 49%. In the unadjusted analyses, higher TNFi survival was observed in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) compared to undifferentiated SpA and psoriatic arthritis [PsA; significant beyond the first 2.5 (p = 0.003) years and 7 years (p < 0.001), respectively], and in patients treated for isolated axial versus peripheral arthritis (p = 0.001). In all multivariable analyses, male sex was a predictor for longer TNFi survival. Use of methotrexate (MTX) was a predictor in PsA and in patients with peripheral arthritis. Absence of peripheral arthritis and use of a monoclonal antibody (as opposed to non-antibody TNFi) independently predicted longer TNFi survival in axial disease because of lower rates of inefficacy. Achievement of major responses during the first year in either axial or peripheral arthritis was the strongest predictor of longer therapy retention (HR 0.33, 95% CI 0.26-0.41 for Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score inactive disease, and HR 0.35, 95% CI 0.24-0.50 for 28-joint Disease Activity Score remission). The longterm retention of the first TNFi administered to patients with SpA is high, especially for males with axial disease. The strongest predictor of longterm TNFi survival is a major response within the first year of treatment.

Los profesionales de secundaria, como factores de riesgo en el síndrome de Burnout

OpenAIRE

Giselle León-León

2011-01-01

Recibido 21 de julio de 2010 • Aceptado 31 de agosto de 2010 • Corregido 03 de octubre de 2010     Este artículo aborda el síndrome de Bournout, entendido como un trastorno de la adaptación ante el estrés crónico laboral que logra desencadenar síntomas físicos y psicológicos, los cuales dañan significativamente la ejecución profesional de los individuos que prestan servicios, en este particular, el trabajo de los docentes de secundaria, los cuales se describen como vulnerables por...

Los profesionales de secundaria, como factores de riesgo en el síndrome de Burnout

OpenAIRE

León-León, Giselle

2011-01-01

Recibido 21 de julio de 2010 • Aceptado 31 de agosto de 2010 • Corregido 03 de octubre de 2010  Este artículo aborda el síndrome de Bournout, entendido como un trastorno de la adaptación ante el estrés crónico laboral que logra desencadenar síntomas físicos y psicológicos, los cuales dañan significativamente la ejecución profesional de los individuos que prestan servicios, en este particular, el trabajo de los docentes de secundaria, los cuales se describen como vulnerables por atender a adol...

Predictors for return to work for those with occupational respiratory disease: clinical and structural factors.

Science.gov (United States)

Zoeckler, Jeanette M; Cibula, Donald A; Morley, Christopher P; Lax, Michael B

2013-12-01

Few occupational researchers have examined "return to work" among patients with work-related respiratory diseases. In addition, prior studies have emphasized individual patient characteristics rather than a more multi-dimensional approach that includes both clinical and structural factors. A retrospective chart review identified patients with occupational respiratory diseases in the Occupational Health Clinical Center, Syracuse, NY between 1991 and 2009. We assessed predictors of work status using an exploratory, sequential mixed methods research design, multinomial (n = 188) and Cox regressions (n = 130). The findings suggest that patients with an increased number of diagnoses, non-union members, and those who took more than a year before clinical presentation had significantly poorer work status outcomes, after adjusting for age, education level, and relevant diagnoses. Efforts to prevent slow return to work after developing occupational respiratory disease should recognize the importance of timely access to occupational health services, disease severity, union membership, and smoking status. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Regulatory and personality predictors of the reliability of professional actions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Morosanova V.I.

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Background. The present research is carried out in the context of the conscious self-regulation of professional activity. Objective. It investigates the regulatory and personality predictors of reliability in rescue operations under stressful conditions. Design. The research sample includes 87 rescuers (72 men and 15 women aged from 25 to 50 years. Respondents were asked to complete the Morosanova’s Self-Regulation Profile Questionnaire – SRPQM, the Eysenck Personality Profile - Short (EPP-S, and the expert questionnaire “Professional Reliability of Rescue Operation” designed for this particular study. Results. On the basis of a correlation analysis, the structural model of the predictors of action reliability was constructed using the maximum likelihood method. Consistency indices showed a good agreement between the model and empirical data. The model contains three latent factors: “Self-regulation”, “Neuroticism” and “Reliability of actions”. As the model displays, the “Self-regulation” factor is a significant predictor of professional action reliability. There are two indicator variables for the factor “Self-regulation”: the self-regulation reliability considered as its stability in the stressful situations, and the rescuers’ levels of development of professionally critical regulatory features - modeling of conditions significant for the achievement of goals and the programming of actions. The study results also show that personality dispositions (by Eysenck have only indirect influence on action reliability. As the structural model reveals, the conscious self-regulation is a mediator in the relationship of neuroticism traits and action reliability. Conclusion. The conscious self-regulation is a significant predictor of professional action reliability under stressful conditions. It is also the mediator of the effects of personality dispositions on the reliability of action.

Subjective cognitive concerns and neuropsychiatric predictors of progression to the early clinical stages of Alzheimer disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Donovan, Nancy J; Amariglio, Rebecca E; Zoller, Amy S; Rudel, Rebecca K; Gomez-Isla, Teresa; Blacker, Deborah; Hyman, Bradley T; Locascio, Joseph J; Johnson, Keith A; Sperling, Reisa A; Marshall, Gad A; Rentz, Dorene M

2014-12-01

To examine neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological predictors of progression from normal to early clinical stages of Alzheimer disease (AD). From a total sample of 559 older adults from the Massachusetts Alzheimer's Disease Research Center longitudinal cohort, 454 were included in the primary analysis: 283 with clinically normal cognition (CN), 115 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 56 with subjective cognitive concerns (SCC) but no objective impairment, a proposed transitional group between CN and MCI. Two latent cognitive factors (memory-semantic, attention-executive) and two neuropsychiatric factors (affective, psychotic) were derived from the Alzheimer's Disease Centers' Uniform Data Set neuropsychological battery and Neuropsychiatric Inventory brief questionnaire. Factors were analyzed as predictors of time to progression to a worse diagnosis using a Cox proportional hazards regression model with backward elimination. Covariates included baseline diagnosis, gender, age, education, prior depression, antidepressant medication, symptom duration, and interaction terms. Higher/better memory-semantic factor score predicted lower hazard of progression (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.4 for 1 standard deviation [SD] increase, p factor score predicted higher hazard (HR = 1.3 for one SD increase, p = 0.01). No other predictors were significant in adjusted analyses. Using diagnosis as a sole predictor of transition to MCI, the SCC diagnosis carried a fourfold risk of progression compared with CN (HR = 4.1, p factors as significant predictors of more rapid progression from normal to early stages of cognitive decline and highlight the subgroup of cognitively normal elderly with SCC as those with elevated risk of progression to MCI. Copyright © 2014 American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Predictors of nurses' experience of verbal abuse by nurse colleagues.

Science.gov (United States)

Keller, Ronald; Krainovich-Miller, Barbara; Budin, Wendy; Djukic, Maja

Between 45% and 94% of registered nurses (RNs) experience verbal abuse, which is associated with physical and psychological harm. Although several studies examined predictors of RNs' verbal abuse, none examined predictors of RNs' experiences of verbal abuse by RN colleagues. To examine individual, workplace, dispositional, contextual, and interpersonal predictors of RNs' reported experiences of verbal abuse from RN colleagues. In this secondary analysis, a cross-sectional design with multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the effect of 23 predictors on verbal abuse by RN colleagues in a sample of 1,208 early career RNs. Selected variables in the empirical intragroup conflict model explained 23.8% of variance in RNs' experiences of verbal abuse by RN colleagues. A number of previously unstudied factors were identified that organizational leaders can monitor and develop or modify policies to prevent early career RNs' experiences of verbal abuse by RN colleagues. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Predictors of insubordinate aggression among captive female rhesus macaques.

Science.gov (United States)

Seil, Shannon K; Hannibal, Darcy L; Beisner, Brianne A; McCowan, Brenda

2017-11-01

Cercopithicine primates tend to have nepotistic hierarchies characterized by predictable, kinship-based dominance. Although aggression is typically directed down the hierarchy, insubordinate aggression does occur. Insubordination is important to understand because it can precipitate social upheaval and undermine group stability; however, the factors underlying it are not well understood. We test whether key social and demographic variables predict insubordination among captive female rhesus macaques. To identify factors influencing insubordination, multivariate analyses of 10,821 dyadic conflicts among rhesus macaque females were conducted, using data from six captive groups. A segmented regression analysis was used to identify dyads with insubordination. Negative binomial regression analyses and an information theoretic approach were used to assess predictors of insubordination among dyads. In the best models, weight difference (w = 1.0; IRR = 0.930), age (dominant: w = 1.0, IRR = 0.681; subordinate: w = 1.0, IRR = 1.069), the subordinate's total number of allies (w = 0.727, IRR = 1.060) or non-kin allies (w = 0.273, IRR = 1.165), the interaction of the dominant's kin allies and weight difference (w = 0.938, IRR = 1.046), violation of youngest ascendancy (w = 1.0; IRR = 2.727), and the subordinate's maternal support (w = 1.0; IRR = 2.928), are important predictors of insubordination. These results show that both intrinsic and social factors influence insubordinate behavior. This adds to evidence of the importance of intrinsic factors and flexibility in a social structure thought to be rigid and predetermined by external factors. Further, because insubordination can precipitate social overthrow, determining predictors of insubordination will shed light on mechanisms underlying stability in nepotistic societies. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

El tacto como factor de humanización en la fase terminal Tact as a humanization factor during the terminal phase

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Tiberio Alvarez Echeverri

1993-03-01

Full Text Available

Se hace una descripción del tacto como el sentido que aparece más precozmente durante la vida embrionaria y de su significado para el desarrollo armónico de la personalidad y como forma de comunicación Interhumana. Se discute cuándo es apropiado el tacto en las relaciones con los demás; se describen sus cualidades y niveles comunicativos. Finalmente, se destaca la importancia del sentido del tacto como una forma muy efectiva de comunicación con el enfermo en fase terminal.

The sense of touch is the first one to appear during embryonic Life and Its significance for the armonic development of personality and as an effective mean of communication are described, as well as, the appropiateness of touching in the relationship between persons and the quality and communicative levels of tact. Finally, the relevance of tact for communicating with terminal patients is emphasized.

Las competencias socioemocionales como factor protector ante la sintomatología de ansiedad y depresión en adolescentes

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Norma Alicia Ruvalcaba Romero

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract This research paper shows a descriptive correlational study is to identify the role of the social and emotional competences as a protective factor against anxious and depressive symptomatology in adolescents. Participants were 840 Mexican adolescents that completed the Emotional Quotient Inventory, Youth Version: EQ-I:YV by Bar-On, the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale, RCMAS by Reynolds and Richmond, and the Children’s Depression Inventory, CDI by Kovacs. We found a negative relationship between variables. In the same way, it was observed that social and emotional competences had a predictive value of 14% on the anxious symptomatology and 39% on the depressive symptomatology. The results support the importance of developing programs emphasizing socio-emotional skills training to prevent early onset of affective disorders. Resumen El presente artículo de investigación presenta un estudio de tipo descriptivo correlacional que buscó identificar el papel de las competencias socioemocionales como un factor protector ante la sintomatología ansiosa o depresiva en adolescentes. La muestra se compuso de 840 adolescentes mexicanos a los que se les aplicó el Inventario de Coeficiente Emocional de Bar-On (EQ-i: YV, la Escala de Ansiedad Manifiesta en Niños Revisada (RCMAS, de Reynolds y Richmond, así como el Inventario de Depresión Infantil (CDI de Kovacs. Se observó una relación negativa entre las variables, y un valor predictivo de las competencias socioemocionales de un 14% para sintomatología ansiosa y de un 39% para sintomatología depresiva. Estos resultados avalan la importancia de desarrollar programas que, a partir del entrenamiento en competencias socioemocionales, contribuyan a prevenir la aparición temprana de trastornos afectivos.

Fatores considerados pela população como mais importantes para manutenção da saúde Factores considerados por la población como más importantes para el mantenimiento de la salud Factors considered important for health maintenance by the population

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Fernando Vinholes Siqueira

2009-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar os fatores que adultos e idosos consideram como mais importantes para manutenção da saúde. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado com 4.060 adultos e 4.003 idosos residentes em áreas de abrangência de 240 unidades básicas de saúde das regiões Sul e Nordeste, em 2005. Um cartão com figuras e frases referentes a sete fatores relacionados com o risco de doenças e agravos não transmissíveis era mostrado aos indivíduos para que indicassem o fator mais relevante para a saúde. Os fatores eram: manter uma alimentação saudável, fazer exercício físico regularmente, não tomar bebidas alcoólicas em excesso, realizar consultas médicas regularmente, não fumar, manter o peso ideal e controlar ou evitar o estresse. As análises foram ajustadas por regressão de Poisson com cálculo de razões de prevalência ajustadas, intervalos com 95% de confiança, e valores de significância usando os Testes de Wald para heterogeneidade e tendência linear. RESULTADOS: Os fatores mais freqüentemente indicados pelos adultos foram: alimentação saudável (33,8%, realizar exercício físico (21,4% e não fumar (13,9%. Entre os idosos, os fatores mais relatados foram: alimentação saudável (36,7%, não fumar (17,7% e consultar o médico regularmente (14,2%. Foram observadas diferenças entre os fatores citados conforme a região geográfica, variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas e de saúde. CONCLUSÕES: A maioria de adultos e idosos, de ambas regiões, reconhece e indica a necessidade de manter uma alimentação saudável e de não fumar como medidas mais importantes para manutenção da saúde. Estratégias de educação em saúde devem considerar essas características dos indivíduos para estimular medidas específicas a serem adotadas para cada segmento populacional.OBJETIVO: Analizar los factores que adultos y ancianos consideran como más importantes para mantenimiento de la salud. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal

TUBERCULOSIS COMO ENFERMEDAD OCUPACIONAL

Science.gov (United States)

Mendoza-Ticona, Alberto

2014-01-01

Existe evidencia suficiente para declarar a la tuberculosis como enfermedad ocupacional en diversos profesionales especialmente entre los trabajadores de salud. En el Perú están normados y reglamentados los derechos laborales inherentes a la tuberculosis como enfermedad ocupacional, como la cobertura por discapacidad temporal o permanente. Sin embargo, estos derechos aún no han sido suficientemente socializados. En este trabajo se presenta información sobre el riesgo de adquirir tuberculosis en el lugar de trabajo, se revisan las evidencias para declarar a la tuberculosis como enfermedad ocupacional en trabajadores de salud y se presenta la legislación peruana vigente al respecto. PMID:22858771

Thematic Synthesis of Cardiovascular Risk Predictors in Children

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Merlin Garí Llanes

2012-12-01

Full Text Available In recent decades, there has been an increased interest in the identification of cardiovascular disease and the factors that predispose its development in children and adolescents. In this sense, significant risk predictors have been cited, such as the presence of family and personal medical history, genetic predisposition, and the alteration of anthropometric and biochemical markers. The understanding of these factors is crucial to prevent the early onset of cardiovascular disease.

Predictors of intelligence at the age of 5

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Eriksen, Hanne-Lise Falgreen; Kesmodel, Ulrik Schiøler; Underbjerg, Mette

2013-01-01

- Revised. Information on parental characteristics, pregnancy and birth factors, postnatal influences, and postnatal growth was collected during pregnancy and at follow-up. A model including study design variables and child's sex explained 7% of the variance in IQ, while parental education and maternal IQ...... are major predictors of IQ and should be included routinely in studies of cognitive development. Obstetrical and postnatal factors also predict IQ, but their contribution may be of comparatively limited magnitude....

THE PREDICTOR FACTORS OF EMERGENCY NURSES' PERFORMANCES TO THE PROFESSIONAL SERVICES EXCELLENCE

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Rina Annisa

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Emergency nurses’ performances remains long standing determinates of quality services rendered for patients admitted to get emergency treatments in the hospitals. It has been viewed as a dimension of professional services excellence. The purpose of this study focused on the predictive correlation of five predictors; namely human resources management, transformational leadership, incentives, hospital structure, and job rotation on the emergency nurses’ performance. This descriptive quantitative study used total sampling technique of 100 nurses in the Emergency Department, in four Government Hospital in Banjarmasin, Bajarbaru, and Martapura. All data obtained by administering questionnaires to the participances. The analytical procedure of multiple linear regression was utilized to determine the predicting strength correlation between the dependent and the independent variables. The result of Pearson product‑moment correlation coefficients revealed that positive correlation established between emergency nurses’ performances and human resources management, transformational leadership, incentives, hospital structure, and job rotation, as the independent variables. The summary of multiple linear regression analysis of all independent variables indicated that incentives was the most strongly predictor to the emergency nurses’ performances.

Índice de adiposidad corporal como predictor de obesidad y de síndrome metabólico en adultos de Bogotá, Colombia

OpenAIRE

González-Ruíz, Katherine; Ramírez-Vélez, Robinson; Correa Bautista, Jorge Enrique

2015-01-01

Recientemente, Bergman et al. desarrollaron el índice de adiposidad corporal (IAC), como un marcador de obesidad por exceso de grasa corporal en la práctica clínica. En este estudio se evaluó la validez del IAC como marcador de obesidad por exceso de adiposidad, además de examinar la capacidad predictiva del IAC con componentes e índices metabólicos asociados al SM en adultos de Bogotá, Colombia.

Predictors of Immunosuppressive Regulatory T Lymphocytes in Healthy Women

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hampras, S. S.; Nesline, M.; Davis, W.; Moysich, K. B.; Wallace, P. K.; Odunsi, K.; Furlani, N.

2012-01-01

Immunosuppressive regulatory T (Treg) cells play an important role in antitumor immunity, self-tolerance, transplantation tolerance, and attenuation of allergic response. Higher proportion of Treg cells has been observed in peripheral blood of cancer cases compared to controls. Little is known about potential epidemiological predictors of Treg cell levels in healthy individuals. We conducted a cross-sectional study including 75 healthy women, between 20 and 80 years of age, who participated in the Data Bank and Bio Repository (DBBR) program at Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI), Buffalo, NY, USA. Peripheral blood levels of CD4 + CD25 + FOXP3 + Treg cells were measured using flow cytometric analysis. A range of risk factors was evaluated using Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and linear regression. Age, smoking, medications for treatment of osteoporosis, postmenopausal status, body mass index (BMI), and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) were found to be significant positive predictors of Treg cell levels in peripheral blood (π≤0.05 ). Higher education, exercise, age at first birth, oral contraceptives, and use of Ibuprofen were found be significant (π<0.05) negative predictors of Treg levels. Thus, various epidemiological risk factors might explain interindividual variation in immune response to pathological conditions, including cancer.

Predictors of new vertebral endplate signal (Modic) changes in the general population

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Tue Secher; Kjaer, Per; Korsholm, Lars

2010-01-01

predictors of new VESC were female gender, disc-related MRI findings (disc degeneration, disc bulges, disc herniation, and other endplate changes) and lifestyle factors [high physical work or leisure activity, high body mass index (BMI), and heavy smoking]. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions...... with disc degeneration, bulges or herniations at 40 were the only predictors of new VESC at age 44. Therefore, the development of new VESC at the age of 44 appears to be based on the status and dynamics of the disc, rather than being the result of gender or lifestyle factors such as smoking and physical...... were used to identify predictors of new VESC. New VESC at the age of 44 appeared in 67 of the 344. The majority (84%) of these new signal changes were type 1 VESC and almost half (45%) were only in the endplate and did not extend into the vertebral body. In the multivariate analysis, lumbar disc levels...

Positive Psychology Factors as Predictors of Latina/o College Students' Psychological Grit

Science.gov (United States)

Vela, Javier Cavazos; Smith, Wayne D.; Whittenberg, James F.; Guardiola, Rebekah; Savage, Miranda

2018-01-01

Latina/o college students (N = 130) provided perceptions of psychological grit, presence of meaning in life, search for meaning in life, hope, life satisfaction, and mindfulness. Hope and mindfulness were significant predictors of psychological grit. A discussion regarding the importance of these findings and implications for counselors are…

[Predictors of remission from major depressive disorder in secondary care].

Science.gov (United States)

Salvo, Lilian; Saldivia, Sandra; Parra, Carlos; Cifuentes, Manuel; Bustos, Claudio; Acevedo, Paola; Díaz, Marcela; Ormazabal, Mitza; Guerra, Ivonne; Navarrete, Nicol; Bravo, Verónica; Castro, Andrea

2017-12-01

Background The knowledge of predictive factors in depression should help to deal with the disease. Aim To assess potential predictors of remission of major depressive disorders (MDD) in secondary care and to propose a predictive model. Material and Methods A 12 month follow-up study was conducted in a sample of 112 outpatients at three psychiatric care centers of Chile, with baseline and quarterly assessments. Demographic, psychosocial, clinical and treatment factors as potential predictors, were assessed. A clinical interview with the checklist of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, the Hamilton Depression Scale and the List of Threatening Experiences and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were applied. Results The number of stressful events, perceived social support, baseline depression scores, melancholic features, time prior to beginning treatment at the secondary level and psychotherapeutic sessions were included in the model as predictors of remission. Sex, age, number of previous depressive episodes, psychiatric comorbidity and medical comorbidity were not significantly related with remission. Conclusions This model allows to predict depression score at six months with 70% of accuracy and the score at 12 months with 72% of accuracy.

Shared and unique predictors of post-traumatic growth and distress.

Science.gov (United States)

Dekel, Sharon; Mandl, Christine; Solomon, Zahava

2011-03-01

This prospective longitudinal study compared pretraumatic, peritraumatic, and post-traumatic predictors of post-traumatic growth (PTG) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A total of 103 Israeli former prisoners of the Yom Kippur War were followed over 30 years. Sociodemographic variables, trauma exposure, reactions in captivity, world assumptions, social support, and personality factors were assessed in 1991, and PTG and PTSD symptoms in 2003. Hierarchical regression modeling showed that although some predictors, namely, loss of control and active coping during captivity, predicted both PTG and PTSD, others predicted one outcome and not the other. Self-controllability predicted PTG while sociodemographic factors predicted PTSD when controlling for PTSD and PTG, respectively. The findings indicate that salutary and pathogenic trauma outcomes share some but not all precursors, underscoring their multifaceted relationship. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Poststroke epilepsy in the Copenhagen stroke study: incidence and predictors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kammersgaard, Lars Peter; Olsen, Tom Skyhøj

2005-01-01

Poststroke epilepsy (PSE) is a feared complication after stroke and is reported in 3% to 5% of stroke survivors. In this study we sought to identify incidence and predictors of PSE in an unselected stroke population with a follow-up period of 7 years. The study was community-based and comprises...... a cohort of 1197 consecutively and prospectively admitted patients with stroke. Patients were followed up for 7 years. We defined PSE as recurrent epileptic seizures with onset after stroke and requiring antiepileptic prophylaxis. PSE was related to clinical factors (age, sex, onset stroke severity, lesion...... size on computed tomography scans, stroke subtype, localization, stroke risk factor profile, and early seizures) in univariate analyses. Independent predictors of PSE were identified through multiple logistic regression analyses. Overall, 38 patients (3.2%) developed PSE. Univariately, PSE...

High Nuclear Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Alpha Expression Is a Predictor of Distant Recurrence in Patients With Resected Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Colbert, Lauren E.; Fisher, Sarah B.; Balci, Serdar; Saka, Burcu; Chen, Zhengjia; Kim, Sungjin; El-Rayes, Bassel F.; Adsay, N. Volkan; Maithel, Shishir K.; Landry, Jerome C.

2015-01-01

Purpose: To evaluate nuclear hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) expression as a prognostic factor for distant recurrence (DR) and local recurrence (LR) after pancreatic adenocarcinoma resection. Methods and Materials: Tissue specimens were collected from 98 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who underwent resection without neoadjuvant therapy between January 2000 and December 2011. Local recurrence was defined as radiographic or pathologic evidence of progressive disease in the pancreas, pancreatic bed, or associated nodal regions. Distant recurrence was defined as radiographically or pathologically confirmed recurrent disease in other sites. Immunohistochemical staining was performed and scored by an independent pathologist blinded to patient outcomes. High HIF-1α overall expression score was defined as high percentage and intensity staining and thus score >1.33. Univariate analysis was performed for HIF-1α score with LR alone and with DR. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine predictors of LR and DR. Results: Median follow-up time for all patients was 16.3 months. Eight patients (8%) demonstrated isolated LR, 26 patients (26.5%) had isolated DR, and 13 patients had both LR and DR. Fifty-three patients (54%) had high HIF-1α expression, and 45 patients (46%) had low HIF-1α expression. High HIF-1α expression was significantly associated with DR (P=.03), and low HIF-1α expression was significantly associated with isolated LR (P=.03). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, high HIF-1α was the only significant predictor of DR (odds ratio 2.46 [95% confidence interval 1.06-5.72]; P=.03). In patients with a known recurrence, an HIF-1α score ≥2.5 demonstrated a specificity of 100% for DR. Conclusions: High HIF-1α expression is a significant predictor of distant failure versus isolated local failure in patients undergoing resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Expression of HIF-1α may have utility in determining candidates for

El desarrollo local y empresarial: La formación como factor básico para orientar al emprendedor

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Juan Uribe Toril

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Objeto: El presente artículo es un recorrido que se inicia con el repaso de las principales teorías del desarrollo local para adentrarse en el emprendedor y en el fomento de la cultura emprendedora en ámbitos rurales como medio de impulso del progreso local. También, estudiaremos la influencia de factores personales del emprendedor (experiencia, situación,… en la constitución de empresas y cómo afecta el nivel formativo (en sentido amplio en el desarrollo económico y del espíritu emprendedor a través de variables latentes, que se traduce en creación de nuevas empresas.Diseño/metodología: La investigación parte de un análisis y recopilación de la literatura existente en desarrollo local para pasar a un estudio transversal mediante procedimiento de encuesta directa. Para el tratamiento de la información obtenida se ha utilizado el análisis de clases latentes.Resultados: Del análisis de los datos se desprenden dos conclusiones principales: que la formación de partida y continua, la situación personal y el propio entorno, se configuran de una manera directa en el espíritu emprendedor y que programas de desarrollo permiten realizar diseños con garantías de éxito. De estas conclusiones emanan cinco reflexiones.Limitaciones: Encontramos una delimitación geográfica al haber sido entrevistadas empresas de la comunidad andaluza, aunque presumimos que, al centrarnos en localidades de baja densidad de población, son perfectamente extrapolables a otras zonas.Implicaciones prácticas: El estudio es de utilidad a los agentes sociales encargados del diseño de programas de capacitación empresarial y de la organización y control de herramientas potenciadoras de cultura emprendedora en entornos rurales.Implicaciones sociales: Fomento de empresas en entornos rurales que permiten disminuir la despoblación de los pueblos y mitigar la concentración humana en grandes urbes. Asimismo, a través del crecimiento económico de estos

Predictors of disability retirement.

Science.gov (United States)

Krause, N; Lynch, J; Kaplan, G A; Cohen, R D; Goldberg, D E; Salonen, J T

1997-12-01

Disability retirement may increase as the work force ages, but there is little information on factors associated with retirement because of disability. This is the first prospective population-based study of predictors of disability retirement including information on workplace, socioeconomic, behavioral, and health-related factors. The subjects were 1038 Finnish men who were enrolled in the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study, who were 42, 48, 54, or 60 years of age at the beginning of the study, and who participated in a 4-year follow-up medical examination. Various job characteristics predicted disability retirement. Heavy work, work in uncomfortable positions, long workhours, noise at work, physical job strain, musculoskeletal strain, repetitive or continuous muscle strain, mental job strain, and job dissatisfaction were all significantly associated with the incidence of disability retirement. The ability to communicate with fellow workers and social support from supervisors tended to reduce the risk of disability retirement. The relationships persisted after control for socioeconomic factors, prevalent disease, and health behavior, which were also associated with disability retirement. The strong associations found between workplace factors and the incidence of disability retirement link the problem of disability retirement to the problem of poor work conditions.

Predictors of post operative bleeding and blood transfusion in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

blood requirements. Objective: To evaluate the impact of some perioperative predictors of post-operative bleeding, and blood transfusion after heart surgery and offer suggestions on preventive measures. Design and Methods: A prospective analytical study. The perioperative factors studied were haemoglobin level, ...

[Clinical and biological predictors of ketamine response in treatment-resistant major depression: Review].

Science.gov (United States)

Romeo, B; Choucha, W; Fossati, P; Rotge, J-Y

2017-08-01

The aim of this review was to determine the clinical and biological predictors of the ketamine response. A systematic research on PubMed and PsycINFO database was performed without limits on year of publication. The main predictive factors of ketamine response, which were found in different studies, were (i) a family history of alcohol dependence, (ii) unipolar depressive disorder, and (iii) neurocognitive impairments, especially a slower processing speed. Many other predictive factors were identified, but not replicated, such as personal history of alcohol dependence, no antecedent of suicide attempt, anxiety symptoms. Some biological factors were also found such as markers of neural plasticity (slow wave activity, brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism, expression of Shank 3 protein), other neurologic factors (anterior cingulate activity, concentration of glutamine/glutamate), inflammatory factors (IL-6 concentration) or metabolic factors (concentration of B12 vitamin, D- and L-serine, alterations in the mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids). This review had several limits: (i) patients had exclusively resistant major depressive episodes which represent a sub-type of depression and not all depression, (ii) response criteria were more frequently assessed than remission criteria, it was therefore difficult to conclude that these predictors were similar, and finally (iii) many studies used a very small number of patients. In conclusion, this review found that some predictors of ketamine response, like basal activity of anterior cingulate or vitamin B12 concentration, were identical to other therapeutics used in major depressive episode. These factors could be more specific to the major depressive episode and not to the ketamine response. Others, like family history of alcohol dependence, body mass index, or D- and L-serine were different from the other therapeutics. Neurocognitive impairments like slower speed processing or alterations in

prevalence and predictors of intestinal helminthiasis among school

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Abrham

2011-11-03

Nov 3, 2011 ... Gilgel Gibe Hydroelectric Power to determine the prevalence and predictors of intestinal parasitic infections among school children. This study is conducted as sub-study to the main study; the objective of which was to determine the prevalence of intestinal schistosomiasis, and related factors such as risk ...

Heidegger E A Técnica Moderna Como Perigo E Como Salvação

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Robson Costa Cordeiro

2014-04-01

Full Text Available O mundo contemporâneo é marcado por uma compreensão de técnica que se ergue como tal a partir de um sentido próprio e autônomo. Este sentido pode ser caracterizado como um logos que se constitui a partir de sua própria natureza e se manifesta como tecnologia no decorrer da história. Compreender esse sentido e assumi-lo como condição de nossa existência no mundo é comprender a técnica como nossa herança e nosso envio. Nesse sentido, compreender a essência da técnica é fundamental para o mundo contemporâneo, assumindo que, nesse processo, consiste o perigo e a salvação da espécie.

Índice de adiposidad corporal como predictor de obesidad y de síndrome metabólico en adultos de Bogotá, Colombia

OpenAIRE

González-Ruíz, Katherine; Ramírez-Vélez, Robinson; Correa Bautista, Jorge Enrique

2015-01-01

Recientemente, Bergman et al. desarrollaron el índice de adiposidad corporal (IAC), como un marcador de obesidad por exceso de grasa corporal en la práctica clínica. En este estudio se evaluó la validez del IAC como marcador de obesidad por exceso de adiposidad, además de examinar la capacidad predictiva del IAC con componentes e índices metabólicos asociados al SM en adultos de Bogotá, Colombia. Convocatoria FODEIN-USTA 2014 Nº 2013004

Predictors of initiation and persistence of unhealthy weight control behaviours in adolescents

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Haines Jess

2009-10-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Unhealthy weight control behaviours (UWCB among adolescents have significant health and weight consequences. The current longitudinal study aimed to identify personal and socio-environmental predictors of initiation or persistence of adolescent UWCB, in order to inform development of programs aimed at both preventing and stopping UWCB. Methods A diverse sample included 1106 boys and 1362 girls from 31 middle schools and high schools in the United States who were enrolled in Project EAT (Eating Among Teens. Project EAT explored personal, behavioural, and socio-environmental factors associated with dietary intake and body weight in adolescence. Participants completed questionnaires to assess demographics, UWCB (including several methods of food restriction, purging by vomiting or medications, smoking to control weight, or food substitutions and personal and socio-environmental variables at two time points, five years apart, between 1998 and 2004. Logistic regression models examined personal and socio-environmental predictors of initiation and persistence of UWCB among Project EAT participants. Results Results indicate that 15.5% of boys and 19.7% of girls initiated UWCB by Time 2, and 15.9% of boys and 43.3% of girls persisted with these behaviours from Time 1 to Time 2. After controlling for race/ethnicity and weight status changes between assessments, logistic regression models indicated that similar factors and patterns of factors were associated significantly with initiation and persistence of UWCB. For both boys and girls, personal factors had more predictive value than socio-environmental factors (Initiation models: for boys: R2 = 0.35 for personal vs. 0.27 for socio-environmental factors; for girls, R2 = 0.46 for personal vs. 0.26 for socio-environmental factors. Persistence models: for boys: R2 = 0.53 for personal vs. 0.33 for socio-environmental factors; for girls, R2 = 0.41 for personal vs. 0.19 for socio

Psychosocial predictors of treatment outcome for trauma-affected refugees

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Charlotte Sonne

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Background: The effects of treatment in trials with trauma-affected refugees vary considerably not only between studies but also between patients within a single study. However, we know little about why some patients benefit more from treatment, as few studies have analysed predictors of treatment outcome. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine possible psychosocial predictors of treatment outcome for trauma-affected refugees. Method: The participants were 195 adult refugees with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD who were enrolled in a 6- to 7-month treatment programme at the Competence Centre for Transcultural Psychiatry (CTP, Denmark. The CTP Predictor Index used in the study included 15 different possible outcome predictors concerning the patients’ past, chronicity of mental health problems, pain, treatment motivation, prerequisites for engaging in psychotherapy, and social situation. The primary outcome measure was PTSD symptoms measured on the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ. Other outcome measures included the Hopkins Symptom Check List-25, the WHO-5 Well-being Index, Sheehan Disability Scale, Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scales, the somatisation scale of the Symptoms Checklist-90, Global Assessment of Functioning scales, and pain rated on visual analogue scales. The relations between treatment outcomes and the total score as well as subscores of the CTP Predictor Index were analysed. Results: Overall, the total score of the CTP Predictor Index was significantly correlated to pre- to post treatment score changes on the majority of the ratings mentioned above. While employment status was the only single item significantly correlated to HTQ-score changes, a number of single items from the CTP Predictor Index correlated significantly with changes in depression and anxiety symptoms, but the size of the correlation coefficients were modest. Conclusions: The total score of the CTP Predictor Index correlated significantly

Octadecanoides como reguladores de la defensa de las plantas

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G. Camarena Gutiérrez

2002-01-01

Full Text Available En años recientes muchas moléculas lipoides muy potentes han sido identificadas, comprenden compuestos lipofílicos no derivados de lípidos como los brasinoesteroides triterpenoides, otros que parcialmente son de origen lipídico como los lipo-oligosacáridos, factores de nodulación de especies de Rhizobium que pueden tener parientes endógenos en las plantas, y un tercer grupo, los octadecanoides, cuyas estructuras son derivadas de ácidos grasos vegetales. Las señales mediadas por lípidos son un aspecto importante de la vida de las plantas y un área de investigación en rápido crecimiento.

Predictors of Postural Stability in Children with ADHD

Science.gov (United States)

Ghanizadeh, Ahmad

2011-01-01

Objective: As children with ADHD who have more inattention problems are more frequently with fine motor problems, it is not clear whether postural balance problems are associated with different subtypes of ADHD. This study investigates the predictors of postural stability in children with ADHD considering the covariant factors of age, gender, and…

Predictors of Individual-Level Innovation at Work: A Meta-Analysis

OpenAIRE

Hammond, Michelle M; Neff, Nicole L; Farr, James L; Schwall, Alexander R; Zhao, Xinyuan

2011-01-01

peer-reviewed Numerous narrative reviews related to innovation in work organizations have been published, yet very few quantitative reviews have been conducted. The present meta-analysis investigates the relationships between four predictor types (individual differences, motivation, job characteristics, and contextual influences) and individual-level workplace innovation. Results indicated that individual factors, characteristics of the job, and factors of the environment were moderately a...

COACHING EDUCATIVO COMO ESTRATEGIA PARA FORTALECER EL LIDERAZGO EN ENFERMERÍA

OpenAIRE

VeLiz Rojas,Lizet; Paravic Klijn,Tatiana

2012-01-01

El propósito del artículo es presentar el coaching educativo como una estrategia pedagógica para desarrollar y fortalecer el liderazgo en enfermería. Enuncia los elementos que pueden facilitar o dificultar el liderazgo en enfermería y se destaca a la educación como el factor clave para la adquisición de competencias necesarias para su ejercicio. Finalmente, se proponen algunos lineamientos operacionales para fortalecer y potenciar el liderazgo en la formación de enfermeras/os a través del coa...

Embarazo adolescente como factor de riesgo para complicaciones obstétricas y perinatales en un hospital de Lima, Perú

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Javier A. Okumura

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: analizar el riesgo de complicaciones obstétricas y perinatales en adolescentes embarazadas en un hospital de Lima, Perú. Métodos: estudio de cohorte retrospectiva de 67.693 gestantes atendidas en el período 2000-2010. Se evaluó complicaciones obstétricas y perinatales. Las adolescentes se clasificaron en tardías (15-19 años y tempranas (< 15 años y se compararon con las adultas (20-35 años. Se calculó OR ajustados por educación, estado civil, control prenatal, gestaciones previas, paridad e IMC pregestacional. Resultados: se encontró mayor riesgo de cesárea (OR=1,28; IC95%=1,07-1,53 e infección puerperal (OR=1,72; IC95%=1,17-2,53 en las adolescentes menores de 15 años, así como mayor riesgo (OR=1,34; IC95%=1,29-1,40de episiotomía en las adolescentes tardías. Asimismo, se identificó un menor riesgo del embarazo adolescente para preeclampsia (OR=0,90; IC95%=0,85-0,97, hemorragia de la 2da mitad del embarazo (OR=0,80; IC95%=0,71-0,92, ruptura prematura de membranas (OR=0,83; IC95%=0,79-0,87, amenaza de parto pretérmino (OR=0,87; IC95%=0,80-0,94 y desgarro vaginal (OR= 0,86; IC95%=0,79-0,93. Conclusión: el embarazo se comporta como factor de riesgo para ciertas complicaciones obstétricas en la población adolescente, especialmente en las adolescentes tempranas. Existen además otros factores, que sumados a la edad materna, constituyen la necesidad de formar equipos multidis-ciplinarios para reducir complicaciones obstétricas en esta población.

Predictors for early introduction of solid food among Danish mothers and infants: an observational study

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kronborg, Hanne; Foverskov, Else; Væth, Michael

2014-01-01

introduced to solid food. Full breastfeeding at five weeks was the most influential predictor for later introduction of solid food (OR = 2.52 CI: 1.93-3.28). Among infant factors male gender, increased gestational age at birth, and higher birth weight were found to be statistically significant predictors......BACKGROUND: Early introduction of complementary feeding may interfere with breastfeeding and the infant's self-controlled appetite resulting in increased growth. The aim of the present study was to investigate predictors for early introduction of solid food. METHODS: In an observational study...... Danish mothers filled in a self-administered questionnaire approximately six months after birth. The questionnaire included questions about factors related to the infant, the mother, attachment and feeding known to influence time for introduction of solid food. The study population consisted of 4503...

Patterns and predictors of physical activity among pregnant women ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The patterns and predictors of physical activity (PA) in pregnant women is poorly understood. This study described the patterns of physical activity (PA) in specific domains (home, occupation, transport and exercise/sport) and intensities (light, moderate and vigorous), and determined the factors associated with achieving ...

Predictors of suicidal ideation in older people: a decision tree analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Handley, Tonelle E; Hiles, Sarah A; Inder, Kerry J; Kay-Lambkin, Frances J; Kelly, Brian J; Lewin, Terry J; McEvoy, Mark; Peel, Roseanne; Attia, John R

2014-11-01

Suicide among older adults is a major public health issue worldwide. Although studies have identified psychological, physical, and social contributors to suicidal thoughts in older adults, few have explored the specific interactions between these factors. This article used a novel statistical approach to explore predictors of suicidal ideation in a community-based sample of older adults. Prospective cohort study. Participants aged 55-85 years were randomly selected from the Hunter Region, a large regional center in New South Wales, Australia. Baseline psychological, physical, and social factors, including psychological distress, physical functioning, and social support, were used to predict suicidal ideation at the 5-year follow-up. Classification and regression tree modeling was used to determine specific risk profiles for participants depending on their individual well-being in each of these key areas. Psychological distress was the strongest predictor, with 25% of people with high distress reporting suicidal ideation. Within high psychological distress, lower physical functioning significantly increased the likelihood of suicidal ideation, with high distress and low functioning being associated with ideation in 50% of cases. A substantial subgroup reported suicidal ideation in the absence of psychological distress; dissatisfaction with social support was the most important predictor among this group. The performance of the model was high (area under the curve: 0.81). Decision tree modeling enabled individualized "risk" profiles for suicidal ideation to be determined. Although psychological factors are important for predicting suicidal ideation, both physical and social factors significantly improved the predictive ability of the model. Assessing these factors may enhance identification of older people at risk of suicidal ideation. Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Factors related to drug approvals: predictors of outcome?

Science.gov (United States)

Liberti, Lawrence; Breckenridge, Alasdair; Hoekman, Jarno; McAuslane, Neil; Stolk, Pieter; Leufkens, Hubert

2017-06-01

There is growing interest in characterising factors associated with positive regulatory outcomes for drug marketing authorisations. We assessed empirical studies published over the past 15 years seeking to identify predictive factors. Factors were classified to one of four 'factor clusters': evidentiary support; product or indication characteristics; company experience or strategy; social and regulatory factors. We observed a heterogeneous mix of technical factors (e.g., study designs, clinical evidence of efficacy) and less studied social factors (e.g., company-regulator interactions). We confirmed factors known to be of relevance to drug approval decisions (imperative) and a cohort of less understood (compensatory) social factors. Having robust supportive clinical evidence, addressing rare or serious illness, following scientific advice and prior company experience were associated with positive outcomes, which illustrated the multifactorial nature of regulatory decision making and factors need to be considered holistically while having varying, context-dependent importance. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Predictors of hope among women with breast cancer during chemotherapy

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Alessandra Cristina Sartore Balsanelli

Full Text Available Abstract OBJECTIVE Identifying the predictors of hope in patients with breast cancer during chemotherapy treatment. METHOD A prospective longitudinal study. The sample was composed of 122 women who responded to the instruments of hope, anxiety and depression, coping, fatigue, religiosity and self-esteem in the first and last cycle of chemotherapy. These variables were used in adjusting the logistic regression model that characterized multivariate statistics, allowing identification of predictor variables. RESULT The increase of hope at the end of chemotherapy treatment was statistically significant (p = 0.012. The delay in undergoing treatment from the onset of breast cancer symptoms, Karnofsky Performance Status, depression, self-esteem and pain were characterized as factors being associated to hope by univariate analysis. Among the variables analyzed, pain was the only predicting factor of hope. CONCLUSION Pain was the predicting factor in this sample. Hope increased during treatment and revealed the following associated factors: Karnofsky Performance Status, delay in starting the treatment, depression, self-esteem and pain. This study brought forth a multidisciplinary contribution, allowing for understanding the factors that can influence hope and presenting support to nursing care. The data evidenced conditions of improvement or worsening of hope, which requires interdisciplinary attention in Oncology.

Sensibilidade e especificidade do índice de conicidade como discriminador do risco coronariano de adultos em Salvador, Brasil Sensitivity and specificity of the conicity index as a coronary risk predictor among adults in Salvador, Brazil

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Francisco José Gondim Pitanga

2004-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: No início da década de 90, foi proposto o índice de conicidade para avaliação da distribuição da gordura corporal, com base nas medidas de peso, estatura e circunferência da cintura. Este estudo teve como objetivo selecionar através da sensibilidade e especificidade os melhores pontos de corte para o índice de conicidade como discriminador de risco coronariano elevado. MÉTODOS: Estudo de corte transversal, com amostra composta por 968 adultos de 30-74 anos de idade, sendo 391 (40,4% do sexo masculino. A análise foi feita por curva Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC para identificar a sensibilidade e especificidade do melhor ponto de corte do índice de conicidade como discriminador de risco coronariano elevado. Verificou-se também a significância estatística da área sob a curva ROC entre o índice de conicidade e risco coronariano elevado. Foi utilizado intervalo de confiança (IC a 95%. RESULTADOS: A área total sob a curva ROC entre o índice de conicidade e risco coronariano foi de 0,80, IC 95% (0,74-0,85 para homens e 0,75, IC 95% (0,70-0,80 para mulheres. Os melhores pontos de corte para discriminar o risco coronariano elevado foram, para homens e mulheres, respectivamente, 1,25 (sensibilidade de 73,91% e especificidade de 74,92% e 1,18 (sensibilidade de 73.39% e especificidade de 61,15%. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados encontrados neste estudo sugerem que o índice de conicidade deve ser comparado aos demais indicadores antropométricos de obesidade e pode vir a ser utilizado para discriminar risco coronariano elevado.OBJECTIVE: In the early nineties, the conicity index was proposed for the assessment of body fat distribution based on weight, height and waist circumference measurements. The goal of this study was to identify the sensitivity, specificity and the best cut-off point for the conicity index as a predictor of high coronary risk. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study whose population comprised 968

Análisis del software libre como herramienta de producción

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Eduardo Miguel De la Hoz Correa

2010-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se muestran datos cuantitativos que permiten tener una idea más clara al momento de la evaluación en la adquisición de software y la implementación de código abierto y software libre. En él se examinan variables como el mercado objetivo, la fiabilidad, el rendimiento, la escalabilidad, seguridad y el costo de adquisición al momento de mirar al código abierto como alternativa viable con respecto al software propietario desde una perspectiva objetiva teniendo como base estudios a fondo a nivel mundial de aquellos factores que influyen en la toma de decisiones en todos los niveles de implementación del software de todo tipo.

Las variables emocionales como factores de riesgo de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria

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Aitziber Pascual

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio ex post facto analizó si determinadas variables emocionales pueden considerarse factores de riesgo de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA. Se analizaron las siguientes variables: ansiedad-rasgo, dificultad para identificar y expresar las emociones (alexitimia, autoestima, actitud negativa hacia la expresión emocional, percepción negativa de las emociones, influuencia de la alimentación, el peso y la figura corporal en el estado de ánimo, necesidad de control y estrategias de afrontamiento. Participaron 368 mujeres: 78 con TCA, 145 en riesgo de TCA y 145 de un grupo de control normativo. La variable que mostró mayor capacidad discriminante de todos los tipos de riesgo frente al grupo de control fue la relativa a la influencia en el estado de ánimo. Asimismo, la baja autoestima mostró buena capacidad para discriminar el riesgo de purga/atracón, y el riesgo de anorexia y purga/atracón frente al grupo control; a su vez, las formas de afrontamiento acción impulsiva y expresión emocional mostraron buena capacidad para discriminar el riesgo de anorexia del grupo control. Estos resultados tienen implicaciones importantes tanto en el área de la evaluación como en el de la prevención de estos trastornos.

La familia política como factor de conflictos en la pareja con esterilidad

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J. Carreño Meléndez

2016-06-01

Full Text Available La práctica profesional como psicoterapeutas de grupo con mujeres que padecen esterilidad hace que se fije la atención en los conflictos expresados por las pacientes durante su discurso respecto a las presiones a las que son sometidas por parte de la familia política haciendo descalificaciones acerca de su infertilidad. Cuando dos personas se unen, las familias de ambos también lo hacen de una manera práctica y simbólica sin estar relacionadas por lazos de consanguineidad, y pueden ser un factor de desencuentros que en ocasiones termina con la separación o con la segregación de la mujer debido a la esterilidad. Puede ser que en una pareja funcional donde la prioridad es la reproducción se vayan gestando de manera encubierta problemas en la convivencia con el objeto de alejar a uno de ellos. Es común ocultar que la infertilidad es de origen masculino, de esta manera el hombre se quita las presiones sociales. Las familias se hacen disfuncionales cuando no hay cambios generacionales, todas pasan por una desestructura pasajera por la incorporación y la formación de una nueva familia conyugal dentro de su núcleo. Dependerá de la historia de la familia que el tránsito de esa desestructura sea con o sin conflicto.

Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors as Predictors of Cardiovascular Events in the U.S. Astronaut Corps

Science.gov (United States)

Halm, M. K.; Clark, A.; Wear, M. L.; Murray, J. D.; Polk, J. D.; Amirian, E.

2009-01-01

Risk prediction equations from the Framingham Heart Study are commonly used to predict the absolute risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and coronary heart disease (CHD) related death. Predicting CHD-related events in the U.S. astronaut corps presents a monumental challenge, both because astronauts tend to live healthier lifestyles and because of the unique cardiovascular stressors associated with being trained for and participating in space flight. Traditional risk factors may not hold enough predictive power to provide a useful indicator of CHD risk in this unique population. It is important to be able to identify individuals who are at higher risk for CHD-related events so that appropriate preventive care can be provided. This is of special importance when planning long duration missions since the ability to provide advanced cardiac care and perform medical evacuation is limited. The medical regimen of the astronauts follows a strict set of clinical practice guidelines in an effort to ensure the best care. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of the Framingham risk score (FRS), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein levels, blood pressure, and resting pulse as predictors of CHD-related death and MI in the astronaut corps, using Cox regression. Of these factors, only two, LDL and pulse at selection, were predictive of CHD events (HR(95% CI)=1.12 (1.00-1.25) and HR(95% CI)=1.70 (1.05-2.75) for every 5-unit increase in LDL and pulse, respectively). Since traditional CHD risk factors may lack the specificity to predict such outcomes in astronauts, the development of a new predictive model, using additional measures such as electron-beam computed tomography and carotid intima-media thickness ultrasound, is planned for the future.

Factors related to drug approvals : predictors of outcome?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Liberti, Lawrence; Breckenridge, Alasdair; Hoekman, Jarno; McAuslane, Neil; Stolk, Pieter; Leufkens, Bert

2017-01-01

There is growing interest in characterising factors associated with positive regulatory outcomes for drug marketing authorisations. We assessed empirical studies published over the past 15 years seeking to identify predictive factors. Factors were classified to one of four 'factor clusters':

Predictors of Longitudinal Quality of Life in Juvenile Localized Scleroderma.

Science.gov (United States)

Ardalan, Kaveh; Zigler, Christina K; Torok, Kathryn S

2017-07-01

Localized scleroderma can negatively affect children's quality of life (QoL), but predictors of impact have not been well described. We sought to identify predictors of QoL impact in juvenile localized scleroderma patients. We analyzed longitudinal data from a single-center cohort of juvenile localized scleroderma patients, using hierarchical generalized linear modeling (HGLM) to identify predictors of QoL impact. HGLM is useful for nested data and allows for evaluation of both time-variant and time-invariant predictors. The number of extracutaneous manifestations (ECMs; e.g., joint contracture and hemifacial atrophy) and female sex predicted negative QoL impact, defined as a Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index score >1 (P = 0.019 for ECMs and P = 0.002 for female sex). As the time since the initial visit increased, the odds of reporting a negative QoL impact decreased (P scleroderma than cutaneous features. Further study is required to determine which ECMs have the most impact on QoL, which factors underlie sex differences in QoL in localized scleroderma, and why increasing the time since the initial visit appears to be protective. An improved understanding of predictors of QoL impact may allow for the identification of patients at risk of poorer outcomes and for the tailoring of treatment and psychosocial support. © 2016, American College of Rheumatology.

El trabajo nocturno como factor de riesgo psicosocial

OpenAIRE

Mongui Sánchez Hilda Margoth

1993-01-01

Las tendencias actuales de la promoción de la seguridad integral, la higiene y el bienestar en el trabajo ya no sólo tienen en cuenta los factores de riesgo tradicionales físicos, químicos, biológicos, ergonómicos y de inseguridad del ambiente laboral, sino otra serie de factores psicosociales inherentes al tipo de empresa, a la organización del trabajo y al clima organizacional que puedan influir sustancialmente en el bienestar físico mental y social del trabajador.

El trabajo nocturno como factor de riesgo psicosocial

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mongui Sánchez Hilda Margoth

1993-08-01

Full Text Available

Las tendencias actuales de la promoción de la seguridad integral, la higiene y el bienestar en el trabajo ya no sólo tienen en cuenta los factores de riesgo tradicionales físicos, químicos, biológicos, ergonómicos y de inseguridad del ambiente laboral, sino otra serie de factores psicosociales inherentes al tipo de empresa, a la organización del trabajo y al clima organizacional que puedan influir sustancialmente en el bienestar físico mental y social del trabajador.

Úlcera péptica perforada: ¿es la forma de la metanfetamina conocida como “cristal” un nuevo factor de riesgo?

OpenAIRE

Martínez-Aguirre, A.E.; Romero-Mejía, C.; Chacón-Cruz, E.

2012-01-01

Introducción: Se ha reportado la emergencia de nuevas drogas sintéticas relacionadas con la perforación de la úlcera péptica. Recientemente, se ha observado un incremento en el consumo de metanfetamina inhalada, y hemos descrito una asociación que relaciona el uso frecuente con sintomatología de enfermedad péptica y el evento de perforación. Objetivo: Determinar si el uso de metanfetaminas es un factor relacionado con la enfermedad ácido péptica y la perforación, así como conocer las varia...

Prospective study of predictors of poor self-rated health in a 23-year cohort of earthquake survivors in Armenia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anahit Demirchyan

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Long-term prospective studies exploring general health outcomes among disaster survivors are rare. Self-rated health (SRH – a proven correlate of morbidity and mortality prognosis – was used to investigate predictors of perceived health status among a 23-year cohort of survivors of 1988 Spitak earthquake in Armenia. A geographically-stratified subsample of 725 adults from a larger initial cohort was followed during the period of 1990–2012. A logistic regression model identified predictors of SRH. Adjusted relative risks for the long-term predictors of SRH were calculated. The rate of poor SRH among the survivors was 18.8%, fair 56.5%, and good/excellent 24.7%. In the fitted model, long-term risk factors of poor SRH included baseline body mass index, baseline multi-morbidity, number of experienced stressful life events, and perceived poor living standards during the post-earthquake decade, while participation in sports in the early 1990s was a protective factor. Short-term protective factors included socio-economic status score, social support, employment and dignity, while current household size was a risk factor for poor SRH. No association was found between earthquake exposure severity and SRH after 23 years. However, the identified predictors included a number of modifiable lifestyle, material and psychological factors. Thus, interventions targeting these factors could have a long-lasting impact on disaster victims’ health status.

Optimismo, indefesión, "mastery" y resiliencia como predictores del estrés percibido y la salud mental.

OpenAIRE

Murillo García, Inés María

2015-01-01

[ES]En este estudio se analiza la relación entre recursos de personalidad como optimismo, indefensión, "mastery" y resiliencia y su capacidad para predecir el estrés percibido y la salud mental. Se utiliza una muestra de 107 universitarios. Los instrumentos empleados son la “Escala de Estrés Percibido” (PSS-14), el “Test Revisado de Orientación hacia la Vida” (LOT-R), la “Batería de Escalas de Expectativas Generalizadas de Control” (BEEGC-R28), la “Escala de Resiliencia” (CD-RISC), la “Escala...

Predictors of Burnout Syndrome Among Healthcare Workers in Hospitals

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Janine Kieling Monteiro

2016-06-01

Full Text Available This research aims at identifying sociodemographic and laboral predictors of burnout syndrome in 182 health workers in the hospital setting. It uses a questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and a working context scale. In the analysis of the data a multiple regression analysis was employed. Interviewees' considering their profession as stressful was the most revealing variable with regards to the Emotional Exhaustion dimension and the low level of Professional Efficacy. As predictor variables to Cynicism the research points to negative working environments, stress upon dealing with male patients. The risk profile for burnout syndrome includes higher schooled professionals, old-timers and those who perceive their job, work scale, type and quantity of patients as stressing factors.

Predictors of outcome for cognitive behaviour therapy in binge eating disorder.

Science.gov (United States)

Lammers, Mirjam W; Vroling, Maartje S; Ouwens, Machteld A; Engels, Rutger C M E; van Strien, Tatjana

2015-05-01

The aim of this naturalistic study was to identify pretreatment predictors of response to cognitive behaviour therapy in treatment-seeking patients with binge eating disorder (BED; N = 304). Furthermore, we examined end-of-treatment factors that predict treatment outcome 6 months later (N = 190). We assessed eating disorder psychopathology, general psychopathology, personality characteristics and demographic variables using self-report questionnaires. Treatment outcome was measured using the bulimia subscale of the Eating Disorder Inventory 1. Predictors were determined using hierarchical linear regression analyses. Several variables significantly predicted outcome, four of which were found to be both baseline predictors of treatment outcome and end-of-treatment predictors of follow-up: Higher levels of drive for thinness, higher levels of interoceptive awareness, lower levels of binge eating pathology and, in women, lower levels of body dissatisfaction predicted better outcome in the short and longer term. Based on these results, several suggestions are made to improve treatment outcome for BED patients. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.

A bayesian hierarchical model for classification with selection of functional predictors.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhu, Hongxiao; Vannucci, Marina; Cox, Dennis D

2010-06-01

In functional data classification, functional observations are often contaminated by various systematic effects, such as random batch effects caused by device artifacts, or fixed effects caused by sample-related factors. These effects may lead to classification bias and thus should not be neglected. Another issue of concern is the selection of functions when predictors consist of multiple functions, some of which may be redundant. The above issues arise in a real data application where we use fluorescence spectroscopy to detect cervical precancer. In this article, we propose a Bayesian hierarchical model that takes into account random batch effects and selects effective functions among multiple functional predictors. Fixed effects or predictors in nonfunctional form are also included in the model. The dimension of the functional data is reduced through orthonormal basis expansion or functional principal components. For posterior sampling, we use a hybrid Metropolis-Hastings/Gibbs sampler, which suffers slow mixing. An evolutionary Monte Carlo algorithm is applied to improve the mixing. Simulation and real data application show that the proposed model provides accurate selection of functional predictors as well as good classification.

Examining Predictors of Help Giving Toward People With a Mental Illness

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alyssia Rossetto

2014-05-01

Full Text Available Little is known about factors influencing helping behaviors toward a person with mental illness. This study explored a range of predictors of helping intentions and behaviors using data from a national survey of Australian adults. Participants (n = 6,019 were randomly assigned one of six vignettes and asked how they would help the character if it was someone they knew and cared about, and asked whether and how they had helped a person in real life with a similar problem. Responses were scored using a system based on the Mental Health First Aid action plan. Regression analyses examined predictors of high helping scores in relation to type of disorder and respondent demographics, mental health literacy, and experiences with mental illness. Predictors of harmful responses and seeking advice on how to help appropriately were also assessed. Significant predictors varied by vignette, with the only consistent predictor being female gender. Participants aged under 30 provided less helpful responses to people with social phobia. Mental health literacy variables were inconsistently related to helping, whereas more stigmatizing attitudes significantly predicted harmful responses and poor helping scores. Targeting males and young people may improve rates of helpful responses. Education campaigns aiming to reduce stigma and increase knowledge of schizophrenia may also minimize potentially harmful actions.

Predictors of generic substitution: The role of psychological, sociodemographic, and contextual factors.

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Drozdowska, Aleksandra; Hermanowski, Tomasz

2016-01-01

Escalating pharmaceutical costs have become a global challenge for both governments and patients. Generic substitution is one way of decreasing these costs. The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with patients' choice between generic drugs and innovator drugs. The survey was conducted in June 2013, 1000 people from across Poland were chosen as a representative population sample. The outcome (a preference for generics/a preference for innovator pharmaceuticals/no preference) was modeled by multinomial logistic regression, adjusted for several variables describing patients' sensitivity to selected generic features (price, brand, and country of origin), to third-party opinions about generics (information on generics in the mass media, opinions of health professionals (i.e. physicians, pharmacists), relatives/friends), as well as patients' personal experiences and income per household. The results supported the predictive capacity of most independent variables (except for patient sensitivity to the country of origin and to the information on generics in the mass media), denoting patients' preferences toward generic substitution. Patient sensitivity to recommendations by physicians, generic brand, and household income were the strongest predictors of the choice between generic and innovator pharmaceuticals (P brand or their physician's opinion, as well as in respondents who were sensitive to recommendations by pharmacists or attached a greater value to a past experience with generics (their own experience or that of relatives/friends). In consideration of the foregoing, awareness-raising campaigns may be recommended, supported by a variety of systemic solutions and tools to encourage generic substitution. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Sex Factors in the Metabolic Syndrome as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease

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Sunghwan Suh

2014-12-01

Full Text Available BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS is a condition characterized by a cluster of metabolic disorders and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD. This study analyzed data from the Korean Health and Genome Study to examine the impact of MetS on CVD.MethodsA total of 8,898 subjects (4,241 males and 4,657 females, 40 to 69 years of age, were enrolled and evaluated for the development of new onset CVD from 2001 to 2012 (median 8.1 years of follow-up.ResultsThe prevalence of MetS at baseline was 22.0% (932/4,241 and 29.7% (1,383/4,657 in males and females, respectively. MetS was associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD; hazard ratio [HR], 1.818; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.312 to 2.520 in males; HR, 1.789; 95% CI, 1.332 to 2.404 in females and CVD (HR, 1.689; 95% CI, 1.295 to 2.204 in males; HR, 1.686; 95% CI, 1.007 to 2.192 in females. Specifically, MetS was associated with risk of future stroke in females only (HR, 1.486; 95% CI, 1.007 to 2.192. Among MetS components, abdominal obesity and hypertension were independent predictors of both CHD and CVD. In addition, a higher number of MetS components correlated with higher CVD risk.ConclusionMetS is a significant risk factor for the development of CVD although its impact varies between sexes.

Is parenting style a predictor of suicide attempts in a representative sample of adolescents?

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Donath, Carolin; Graessel, Elmar; Baier, Dirk; Bleich, Stefan; Hillemacher, Thomas

2014-04-26

Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts are serious but not rare conditions in adolescents. However, there are several research and practical suicide-prevention initiatives that discuss the possibility of preventing serious self-harm. Profound knowledge about risk and protective factors is therefore necessary. The aim of this study is a) to clarify the role of parenting behavior and parenting styles in adolescents' suicide attempts and b) to identify other statistically significant and clinically relevant risk and protective factors for suicide attempts in a representative sample of German adolescents. In the years 2007/2008, a representative written survey of N = 44,610 students in the 9th grade of different school types in Germany was conducted. In this survey, the lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts was investigated as well as potential predictors including parenting behavior. A three-step statistical analysis was carried out: I) As basic model, the association between parenting and suicide attempts was explored via binary logistic regression controlled for age and sex. II) The predictive values of 13 additional potential risk/protective factors were analyzed with single binary logistic regression analyses for each predictor alone. Non-significant predictors were excluded in Step III. III) In a multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, all significant predictor variables from Step II and the parenting styles were included after testing for multicollinearity. Three parental variables showed a relevant association with suicide attempts in adolescents - (all protective): mother's warmth and father's warmth in childhood and mother's control in adolescence (Step I). In the full model (Step III), Authoritative parenting (protective: OR: .79) and Rejecting-Neglecting parenting (risk: OR: 1.63) were identified as significant predictors (p parental separation events. Parenting style does matter. While children of Authoritative parents profit, children of

Medicamentos como posible factor asociado a la infertilidad masculina

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Campos Martínez B.

2015-09-01

Full Text Available Revisión sistemática de las fichas técnicas (apartados 4.6 y 5.3 de los medicamentos más consumidos en España, según el Sistema Nacional de Salud, y revisión bibliográfica a través de PubMed, según un patrón de búsqueda estándar, con respecto a la influencia de éstos sobre la fertilidad masculina. Como resultado a esto nos encontramos con que de 29 principios activos estudiados, 15 no presentan datos referentes a la fertilidad masculina en su ficha técnica, para 18 no se recuperó información al respecto en la búsqueda en PubMed y 9 no disponen de material de información que provenga de ninguna de las dos fuentes de las que utilizamos. En 3 medicamentos los resultados de las dos fuentes coinciden y en 2 encontramos discrepancias. En 13 de los 29 fármacos estudiados se ha encontrado información de efectos adversos sobre la fertilidad masculina en alguna de las 2 fuentes de información revisadas. Se demuestra con esto una falta de información clara, concisa y contrastada.

Predictors of Satisfaction With Doctor and Nurse Communication: A National Study.

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McFarland, Daniel C; Johnson Shen, Megan; Holcombe, Randall F

2017-10-01

Prior research indicates that effective communication between medical providers and patients is associated with a number of positive patient outcomes, yet little research has examined how ecological factors (e.g., hospital size, local demographics) influence patients' reported satisfaction with doctor and nurse communication. Given the current emphasis on improving patient satisfaction in hospitals across the United States, understanding these factors is critical to interpreting patient satisfaction and improving patient-centered communication, particularly in diverse and dense populations. As such, this study examined county-level data including population density, population diversity, and hospital structural factors as predictors of patient satisfaction with doctor and nurse communication. Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS), U.S. Census data, and number of hospital beds were obtained from publicly available Hospital Compare, U.S. Census, and American Hospital Directory websites, respectively. Multivariate regression modeling was performed for the individual dimensions of HCAHPS scores assessing doctor and nurse communication. Standardized partial regression coefficients were used to assess strengths of county-level predictors. County-level factors accounted for 30% and 16% of variability in patient satisfaction with doctor and nurse communication, respectively. College education (β = 0.45) and White ethnicity (β = 0.25) most strongly predicted a favorable rating of doctor and nurse communication, respectively. Primary language (non-English speaking; β = -0.50) most strongly predicted an unfavorable rating of doctor communication, while number of hospital beds (β = -0.16) and foreign-born (β = -0.16) most strongly predicted an unfavorable rating of nurse communication. County-level predictors should be considered when interpreting patient satisfaction with doctor and nurse communication and designing

Differences in Psychosocial Predictors of Obesity Among LGBT Subgroups.

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Warren, Jacob C; Smalley, K Bryant; Barefoot, K Nikki

2016-08-01

The purpose of the current study was to examine the overall presence of and differences in rates of overweight/obesity among a large, nationally diverse sample of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT)-identified individuals (i.e., cisgender lesbians, cisgender gay men, cisgender bisexual women, cisgender bisexual men, transgender women, and transgender men) and to identify specific psychosocial predictors of obesity within each of the six LGBT subgroups. A total of 2702 LGBT-identified participants participated in the online study. Participants completed a series of demographic questions (including weight and height) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21. The percentage of participants who were overweight/obese did not differ significantly across LGBT subgroups, with 61.1% of the total sample being overweight/obese. However, the percentage of participants who self-reported body mass indexes in the obese range differed significantly across the six LGBT subgroups, with the highest prevalence in transgender men (46.0%). In addition, the predictors of obesity varied by subgroup, with age a significant predictor for cisgender lesbians, cisgender gay men, and cisgender bisexual women, relationship status for cisgender bisexual women, employment status for both cisgender gay men and cisgender bisexual women, education level for cisgender lesbians, and depression, anxiety, and stress for cisgender gay men. None of the examined psychosocial factors emerged as predictors of obesity for cisgender bisexual men, transgender women, or transgender men. These findings suggest that there are substantial variations in the presence and predictors of obesity across LGBT subgroups that support the need for culturally tailored healthy weight promotion efforts within the LGBT community.

Predictors of chain acquisition among independent dialysis facilities.

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Pozniak, Alyssa S; Hirth, Richard A; Banaszak-Holl, Jane; Wheeler, John R C

2010-04-01

To determine the predictors of chain acquisition among independent dialysis providers. Retrospective facility-level data combined from CMS Cost Reports, Medical Evidence Forms, Annual Facility Surveys, and claims for 1996-2003. Independent dialysis facilities' probability of acquisition by a dialysis chain (overall and by chain size) was estimated using a discrete time hazard rate model, controlling for financial and clinical performance, practice patterns, market factors, and other facility characteristics. The sample includes all U.S. freestanding dialysis facilities that report not being chain affiliated for at least 1 year between 1997 and 2003. Above-average costs and better quality outcomes are significant determinants of dialysis chain acquisition. Facilities in larger markets were more likely to be acquired by a chain. Furthermore, small dialysis chains have different acquisition strategies than large chains. Dialysis chains appear to employ a mix of turn-around and cream-skimming strategies. Poor financial health is a predictor of chain acquisition as in other health care sectors, but the increased likelihood of chain acquisition among higher quality facilities is unique to the dialysis industry. Significant differences among predictors of acquisition by small and large chains reinforce the importance of using a richer classification for chain status.

Personality Traits as Prospective Predictors of Suicide Attempts

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Yen, Shirley; Shea, M. Tracie; Sanislow, Charles A.; Skodol, Andrew E.; Grilo, Carlos M.; Edelen, Maria Orlando; Stout, Robert L.; Morey, Leslie C.; Zanarini, Mary C.; Markowitz, John C.; McGlashan, Thomas H.; Daversa, Maria T.; Gunderson, John G.

2009-01-01

OBJECTIVE To examine higher order personality factors of negative affectivity (NA) and disinhibition (DIS), as well as lower order facets of impulsivity, as prospective predictors of suicide attempts in a predominantly personality disordered (PD) sample. METHOD Data were analyzed from 701 participants of the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study (CLPS) with available follow-up data for up to 7 years. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses was used to examine NA and DIS, and facets of impulsivity (e.g., urgency, lack of perseverance, lack of premeditation, and sensation seeking), as prospective predictors of suicide attempts. RESULTS NA, DIS, and all facets of impulsivity except for sensation seeking were significant in univariate analyses. In multivariate models which included sex, childhood sexual abuse (CSA), course of major depressive disorder (MDD) and substance use disorders (SUD), only NA and lack of premeditation remained significant in predicting suicide attempts. Disinhibition and the remaining impulsivity facets were not significant. CONCLUSION Negative affectivity emerged as a stronger and more robust predictor of suicide attempts than disinhibition and impulsivity, and warrants greater attention in suicide risk assessment. Distinguishing between facets of impulsivity is important for clinical risk assessment. PMID:19298413

Prevalence and Predictors of Depression and Anxiety among Korean Americans.

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Koh, Eun

2018-01-01

Despite the significant growth of the Asian population in the United States, current knowledge on their mental health and service utilization behaviors is very limited. The study examined the prevalence and predictors of depression and anxiety among Korean Americans in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area. A total of 602 Koreans completed a self-administered survey on physical and mental well-being, and the study found that 18.2% and 16.9% of the participants had severe symptoms of depression and anxiety, respectively. Acculturative stress and perceived social support were common predictors for depression and anxiety, and the effects of demographic factors were minimal.

Predictors of nonadherence with blood pressure regimens in hemodialysis

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Kauric-Klein Z

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Zorica Kauric-KleinCollege of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USABackground: Hypertension is very poorly controlled in patients on hemodialysis (HD. Demographic and psychosocial predictors of nonadherence with blood pressure (BP regimens in HD have not been investigated. A study of 118 HD patients from six outpatient HD units was conducted to determine the relationship between demographic/psychosocial factors and adherence with BP-related regimens, ie, fluid restriction, BP medication adherence, and HD treatment adherence.Methods: Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and multiple regressions were conducted to analyze and determine the relationships between variables.Results: Younger age was related to increased fluid gains (r = -0.37, P < 0.01, decreased medication adherence (r = -0.19, P = 0.04, increased missed HD treatments (r = -0.37, P < 0.01, and diastolic BP (r = -0.60, P < 0.01. Female sex was significantly related to decreased fluid gains (r = -0.28, P < 0.01. Race was related to increased missed HD treatments (r = 0.22, P = 0.02. Increased social support was related to decreased missed HD treatments (r = -0.22, P = 0.02. Depression scores were inversely related to decreased medication adherence scores (r = 0.24, P = 0.01.Conclusion: By identifying risk factors for nonadherence with BP-related regimens (young age, male sex, decreased social support, and depression, health care providers can plan early clinical intervention to minimize the risk of nonadherence.Keywords: nonadherence, hemodialysis, blood pressure, demographic predictors, psychosocial predictors

Inteligencia emocional y cibervictimización en adolescentes: El género como moderador

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2018-07-01

Full Text Available Dilucidar los factores personales que protegen contra las consecuencias psicológicas de la cibervictimización podría ayudar a una detección e intervención escolar más eficaz. Ningún estudio ha examinado el papel de la inteligencia emocional (IE y el género en adolescentes víctimas de ciberacoso y cómo estas dimensiones interactuan para explicar la cibervictimización. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar la relación entre IE y cibervictimización, y el papel moderador de las habilidades de IE y el género como predictores de la cibervictimización en una muestra de 1.645 adolescentes españoles (50,6% mujeres de edades entre 12 y 18 años. Con respecto a la prevalencia, nuestros resultados indicaron que el 83,95% de la muestra no eran cibervíctimas mientras un 16,05% eran cibervíctimas ocasionales o severas. Los resultados mostraron que los déficits en IE y sus dimensiones se asociaron positivamente con la cibervictimización en ambos géneros, pero más en mujeres. Además, se encontró una interacción significativa entre regulación emocional y género explicando las experiencias de cibervictimización. Aunque no hubo interacción para los hombres, para las mujeres el déficit en regulación emocional se asoció significativamente a mayor cibervictimización. Nuestros hallazgos proporcionan apoyo empírico para el corpus teórico que conecta las habilidades de IE, el género y la cibervictimización, sugiriendo que la regulación emocional puede ser considerada un recurso valioso, así como de inclusión en futuros programas de prevención de cibervictimización ajustados por géneros.

Genetic and Psychosocial Predictors of Aggression: Variable Selection and Model Building With Component-Wise Gradient Boosting.

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Suchting, Robert; Gowin, Joshua L; Green, Charles E; Walss-Bass, Consuelo; Lane, Scott D

2018-01-01

Rationale : Given datasets with a large or diverse set of predictors of aggression, machine learning (ML) provides efficient tools for identifying the most salient variables and building a parsimonious statistical model. ML techniques permit efficient exploration of data, have not been widely used in aggression research, and may have utility for those seeking prediction of aggressive behavior. Objectives : The present study examined predictors of aggression and constructed an optimized model using ML techniques. Predictors were derived from a dataset that included demographic, psychometric and genetic predictors, specifically FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5) polymorphisms, which have been shown to alter response to threatening stimuli, but have not been tested as predictors of aggressive behavior in adults. Methods : The data analysis approach utilized component-wise gradient boosting and model reduction via backward elimination to: (a) select variables from an initial set of 20 to build a model of trait aggression; and then (b) reduce that model to maximize parsimony and generalizability. Results : From a dataset of N = 47 participants, component-wise gradient boosting selected 8 of 20 possible predictors to model Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) total score, with R 2 = 0.66. This model was simplified using backward elimination, retaining six predictors: smoking status, psychopathy (interpersonal manipulation and callous affect), childhood trauma (physical abuse and neglect), and the FKBP5_13 gene (rs1360780). The six-factor model approximated the initial eight-factor model at 99.4% of R 2 . Conclusions : Using an inductive data science approach, the gradient boosting model identified predictors consistent with previous experimental work in aggression; specifically psychopathy and trauma exposure. Additionally, allelic variants in FKBP5 were identified for the first time, but the relatively small sample size limits generality of results and calls for

Clinical predictors of acute response to transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in major depression.

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D'Urso, Giordano; Dell'Osso, Bernardo; Rossi, Rodolfo; Brunoni, Andre Russowsky; Bortolomasi, Marco; Ferrucci, Roberta; Priori, Alberto; de Bartolomeis, Andrea; Altamura, Alfredo Carlo

2017-09-01

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising neuromodulation intervention for poor-responding or refractory depressed patients. However, little is known about predictors of response to this therapy. The present study aimed to analyze clinical predictors of response to tDCS in depressed patients. Clinical data from 3 independent tDCS trials on 171 depressed patients (including unipolar and bipolar depression), were pooled and analyzed to assess predictors of response. Depression severity and the underlying clinical dimensions were measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) at baseline and after the tDCS treatment. Age, gender and diagnosis (bipolar/unipolar depression) were also investigated as predictors of response. Linear mixed models were fitted in order to ascertain which HDRS factors were associated with response to tDCS. Age, gender and diagnosis did not show any association with response to treatment. The reduction in HDRS scores after tDCS was strongly associated with the baseline values of "Cognitive Disturbances" and "Retardation" factors, whilst the "Anxiety/Somatization" factor showed a mild association with the response. Open-label design, the lack of control group, and minor differences in stimulation protocols. No differences in response to tDCS were found between unipolar and bipolar patients, suggesting that tDCS is effective for both conditions. "Cognitive disturbance", "Retardation", and "Anxiety/Somatization", were identified as potential clinical predictors of response to tDCS. These findings point to the pre-selection of the potential responders to tDCS, therefore optimizing the clinical use of this technique and the overall cost-effectiveness of the psychiatric intervention for depressed patients. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

La prótesis bucal como causante del carcinoma espinocelular oral

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Caballero Herrera, Rafael; Bru de Sala Oms, Carlos

1998-01-01

La aparición de cáncer bucal está vinculada a múltiples factores de riesgo. En este artículo queremos exponer como uno de ellos la úlcera crónica producida por las prótesis dentales removibles o fijas.

Predictors of Readmission after Inpatient Plastic Surgery

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Umang Jain

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Background Understanding risk factors that increase readmission rates may help enhance patient education and set system-wide expectations. We aimed to provide benchmark data on causes and predictors of readmission following inpatient plastic surgery. Methods The 2011 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program dataset was reviewed for patients with both "Plastics" as their recorded surgical specialty and inpatient status. Readmission was tracked through the "Unplanned Readmission" variable. Patient characteristics and outcomes were compared using chi-squared analysis and Student's t-tests for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis was used for identifying predictors of readmission. Results A total of 3,671 inpatient plastic surgery patients were included. The unplanned readmission rate was 7.11%. Multivariate regression analysis revealed a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD (odds ratio [OR], 2.01; confidence interval [CI], 1.12-3.60; P=0.020, previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI (OR, 2.69; CI, 1.21-5.97; P=0.015, hypertension requiring medication (OR, 1.65; CI, 1.22-2.24; P<0.001, bleeding disorders (OR, 1.70; CI, 1.01-2.87; P=0.046, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA class 3 or 4 (OR, 1.57; CI, 1.15-2.15; P=0.004, and obesity (body mass index ≥30 (OR, 1.43; CI, 1.09-1.88, P=0.011 to be significant predictors of readmission. Conclusions Inpatient plastic surgery has an associated 7.11% unplanned readmission rate. History of COPD, previous PCI, hypertension, ASA class 3 or 4, bleeding disorders, and obesity all proved to be significant risk factors for readmission. These findings will help to benchmark inpatient readmission rates and manage patient and hospital system expectations.

El miedo como factor de legitimación del desgobierno neoliberal

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Antonio Giménez Merino

2017-05-01

Full Text Available La desigualdad que define nuestro tiempo obliga a reconsiderar la cuestión de qué tipo de legitimidad es la que permite sostener un mundo tan injusto y cómo es posible que éste no alumbre una respuesta organizada a la insatisfacción. Aquí se plantea que dicha legitimidad está conformada por una acumulación de elementos, entre los que destaca la política del miedo. El resultado es una imposición generalizada de las políticas neoliberales orientadas hacia un mismo fin, como estamos viendo en el caso de los países europeos azotados por la deuda en paralelo al más reciente caso de Brasil, ejemplo de lo que algunos ya denominan «golpes de estado blandos».

Clinical predictors of central sleep apnea evoked by positive airway pressure titration.

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Moro, Marilyn; Gannon, Karen; Lovell, Kathy; Merlino, Margaret; Mojica, James; Bianchi, Matt T

2016-01-01

Treatment-emergent central sleep apnea (TECSA), also called complex apnea, occurs in 5%-15% of sleep apnea patients during positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy, but the clinical predictors are not well understood. The goal of this study was to explore possible predictors in a clinical sleep laboratory cohort, which may highlight those at risk during clinical management. We retrospectively analyzed 728 patients who underwent PAP titration (n=422 split-night; n=306 two-night). Demographics and self-reported medical comorbidities, medications, and behaviors as well as standard physiological parameters from the polysomnography (PSG) data were analyzed. We used regression analysis to assess predictors of binary presence or absence of central apnea index (CAI) ≥5 during split-night PSG (SN-PSG) versus full-night PSG (FN-PSG) titrations. CAI ≥5 was present in 24.2% of SN-PSG and 11.4% of FN-PSG patients during titration. Male sex, maximum continuous positive airway pressure, and use of bilevel positive airway pressure were predictors of TECSA, and rapid eye movement dominance was a negative predictor, for both SN-PSG and FN-PSG patients. Self-reported narcotics were a positive predictor of TECSA, and the time spent in stage N2 sleep was a negative predictor only for SN-PSG patients. Self-reported history of stroke and the CAI during the diagnostic recording predicted TECSA only for FN-PSG patients. Clinical predictors of treatment-evoked central apnea spanned demographic, medical history, sleep physiology, and titration factors. Improved predictive models may be increasingly important as diagnostic and therapeutic modalities move away from the laboratory setting, even as PSG remains the gold standard for characterizing primary central apnea and TECSA.

Major bleeding in acute coronary syndromes: Incidence, predictors and prognostic value

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Walid Ammar

2014-03-01

Conclusions: Major bleeding is a powerful independent predictor of in-hospital and 30 day mortality in patients with ACS. Advanced age, renal insufficiency, high clopidogrel loading and invasive coronary procedures are independent risk factors for major bleeding in ACS patients.

As condições de trabalho como fator desencadeador do uso de substâncias psicoativas pelos trabalhadores de enfermagem Las condiciones de trabajo como factor desencadenante del uso de sustancias psicoactivas por los trabajadores de enfermería The work conditions as unleash factor of the psychoactive substance use by the workers of nursing

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Elizabeth Rose Costa Martins

2007-12-01

Full Text Available O estudo teve como objeto o uso de substâncias psicoativas pelos trabalhadores de enfermagem e sua relação com o trabalho. O objetivo foi analisar as condições de trabalho como fator desencadeador do uso de drogas pelo trabalhador de enfermagem. O referencial teórico estruturou-se a partir do conceito de drogas e modelos explicativos da drogodependência, apoiados nas concepções de Dejours (1999 e Laurell & Noriega (1989. Estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa com 40 sujeitos trabalhadores de enfermagem de clínica médica de um hospital universitário no Município do Rio de Janeiro, realizado em 2005 e 2006. Como instrumento de coleta de dados utilizou-se a entrevista semi-estruturada. Os resultados mostraram que a utilização de substâncias psicoativas pelos profissionais no local de trabalho pode estar relacionada com as condições de sobrecarga de trabalho e com a facilidade de acesso e que tais substâncias comprometem a sua saúde e o desenvolvimento de suas atividades laborais.El estudio tiene como objeto el uso de substancia psicoactivas por los trabajadores de enfermería y su relación con el trabajo. El objetivo fue analizar las condiciones de trabajo como factor desencadenante al uso de drogas por el trabajador de enfermeria. El referencial teórico se estructuró a partir del concepto de drogas y modelos explicativos de la drogodependencia, apoyado en las concepciones de Dejours (1999 y Laurell y Noriega (1989. Estudio descriptivo y enfoque cualitativo con 40 sujetos trabajadores de enfermeria, de clínica médica de un hospital universitário del Municipio de Rio de Janeiro- Brasil, realizado en 2005 y 2006. Como instrumento de recolección de datos, la entrevista semiestructurada. Los resultados revelan que la utilización de substancias psicoactivas, por los profesionales, en el local de trabajo, puede estar relacionada con las condiciones y carga excesiva de trabajo, con la facilidad de acesso y con las

A condicionalidade como zona conceitual

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Taísa Peres de OLIVEIRA

Full Text Available RESUMO Neste trabalho avaliam-se diferentes padrões de construções condicionais no português a partir dos parâmetros de condicionalidade. O objetivo principal é mostrar como a categoria está internamente organizada não apenas em termos de um núcleo prototípico, mas mostrando como os exemplares mais periféricos se relacionam a ele. As bases teóricas deste trabalho assentam-se sobre concepções funcional-cognitivistas, nos termos de Bybee (2010 e Dancygier (1998, especialmente considerando a relativa instabilidade da gramática e a fluidez da categoria. As reflexões principais apontam a condicionalidade como uma categoria bastante complexa que serve de/como abrigo de múltiplas construções.

Evaluación de los factores epidemiológicos como predictores de los resultados postquirúrgicos en patología lumbar degenerativa

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Lozano Álvarez, Carlos

2011-01-01

Els resultats del tractament quirúrgic per dolor lumbar crònic i patologia degenerativa lumbar, patologies d'elevada prevalença i despesa sanitària, estan afectats per múltiples factors. En aquest treball hem estudiat com les característiques epidemiològiques dels pacients de la nostra població influeixen sobre el canvi de la qualitat de vida, la discapacitat i el dolor després de cirurgies per patologia lumbar degenerativa. Del nostre estudi, d'acord amb la revisió realitzada de la literatur...

Reperfusão rápida e homogênea como fator de risco da síndrome pós-reperfusão hepática durante transplante ortotópico de fígado Reperfusión rápida y homogénea como factor de riesgo del síndrome postreperfusión hepática durante transplante ortotópico de hígado Rapid and homogeneous reperfusion as a risk factor for postreperfusion syndrome during orthotopic liver transplantation

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Lucas Cordoví de Armas

2010-04-01

ón desde 1987 a marzo de 2009, estuvieron incluidos en el estudio. El OR ajustado de la asociación RVC-SPR, se obtuvo a través del modelo de regresión logística, incluyendo ocho variables de confusión. RESULTADOS: La proporción de pacientes que debutaron con SPR fue más elevada en los pacientes con RVC identificada como buena (75,8%, que en aquellos con RVC media o baja; el riesgo relativo al comparar la RVC de buena calidad con la RVC de baja calidad fue de 12,9 (IC 95%: 2,1 - 528,8. El OR ajustado fue de 132,9 (IC 95%: 10,5 - 1688,6 cuando la RVC de buena y baja calidad fueron comparadas, y de 90,9 (IC 95%: 13,8-645,2 comparando la RVC buena con la intermedia. CONCLUSIONES: De acuerdo con nuestros resultados, la RVC puede ser considerada como un buen factor predictivo de la SPR.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The revascularization of the graft remains as a crucial instant of the orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT surgical procedure. About a third of the recipients suffer the postreperfusion syndrome (PRS, a combination of hypothermia, metabolic disorders and cardiovascular instability potentially leading to cardiac arrest. The objective of this study was to evaluate the speed-quality (SQR of the graft`s reperfusion as an independent predictor of PRS. METHODS: All eligible patients receiving an OLT in our institution from 1987 to march 2009 were included. The adjusted OR for SQR-PRS association was obtained by means of logistic regression modeling including eight potential confounders. RESULTS: The proportion of recipients suffering PRS was highest when the SQR was identified as good (75.8% compared to those with middle or poor SQR; the relative risk comparing good SQR with poor SQR was 12.9 (CI 95%: 2.1-528.8. The adjusted OR was 132.9 (95% CI: 10.5-1688.6 when comparing good with bad SQR and 90.9 (95% CI: 13.8-645.2 when comparing good with intermediate SQR. CONCLUSIONS: According to our results, SQR can be considered an unambiguous predictor of PRS.

Acute Predictors of Social Integration Following Mild Stroke.

Science.gov (United States)

Wise, Frances M; Harris, Darren W; Olver, John H; Davis, Stephen M; Disler, Peter B

2018-04-01

Despite an acknowledged need to accurately predict stroke outcome, there is little empirical evidence regarding acute predictors of participation restriction post stroke. The current study examines prediction of social integration following mild stroke, using combinations of acute poststroke factors. In a prospective, longitudinal study, a cohort of 60 stroke survivors was followed up at 6 months post stroke. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were employed to evaluate the value of acute poststroke variables in predicting social integration at 6 months post stroke. A combination of age, number of comorbidities, stroke severity, social support factors, and general self-efficacy in the acute poststroke period accounted for 42% of the variance in 6-month social integration. The largest amount of variance (20%) was explained by inclusion of social support factors, including number and types of support. Post hoc analysis was conducted to establish whether marital status was the mediating variable through which early poststroke social support factors exerted influence upon subsequent social integration. The new combination of acute variables accounted for 48% of the variance in 6-month social integration. Results suggested that subjects with partners perceived higher levels of functional social support and lower levels of participation restriction. Stroke survivors with partners may receive greater amounts of companionship and encouragement from their partners, which enhances self-esteem and confidence. Such individuals are possibly more able to participate in and maintain relationships, thus improving social integration. Social support factors, mediated via marital status, are the strongest predictors of subsequent social integration following mild stroke. Copyright © 2018 National Stroke Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Student Off-Task Electronic Multitasking Predictors: Scale Development and Validation

Science.gov (United States)

Qian, Yuxia; Li, Li

2017-01-01

In an attempt to better understand factors contributing to students' off-task electronic multitasking behavior in class, the research included two studies that developed a scale of students' off-task electronic multitasking predictors (the SOTEMP scale), and explored relationships between the scale and various classroom communication processes and…

Psychological and Social Work Factors as Predictors of Mental Distress and Positive Affect: A Prospective, Multilevel Study.

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Live Bakke Finne

Full Text Available Occupational health research has mainly addressed determinants of negative health effects, typically employing individual-level self-report data. The present study investigated individual- and department-level (means of each work unit effects of psychological/social work factors on mental distress and positive affect. Employees were recruited from 63 Norwegian organizations, representing a wide variety of job types. A total of 4158 employees, in 918 departments, responded at baseline and at follow-up two years later. Multilevel linear regressions estimated individual- and department-level effects simultaneously, and accounted for clustering of data. Baseline exposures and average exposures over time ([T1+T2]/2 were tested. All work factors; decision control, role conflict, positive challenge, support from immediate superior, fair leadership, predictability during the next month, commitment to organization, rumors of change, human resource primacy, and social climate, were related to mental distress and positive affect at the individual and department level. However, analyses of baseline exposures adjusted for baseline outcome, demonstrated significant associations at the individual level only. Baseline "rumors of change" was related to mental distress only and baseline "predictability during the next month" was not a statistical significant predictor of either outcome when adjusted for outcome at baseline. Psychological and social work factors were generally related to mental distress and positive affect in a mirrored way. Impact of exposures seemed most pervasive at the individual level. However, department-level relations were also discovered. Supplementing individual-level measures with aggregated measures may increase understanding of working conditions influence on employees`health and well-being. Organizational improvements focusing on the work factors in the current study should be able to reduce distress and enhance positive affect

Psychological and Social Work Factors as Predictors of Mental Distress and Positive Affect: A Prospective, Multilevel Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Finne, Live Bakke; Christensen, Jan Olav; Knardahl, Stein

2016-01-01

Occupational health research has mainly addressed determinants of negative health effects, typically employing individual-level self-report data. The present study investigated individual- and department-level (means of each work unit) effects of psychological/social work factors on mental distress and positive affect. Employees were recruited from 63 Norwegian organizations, representing a wide variety of job types. A total of 4158 employees, in 918 departments, responded at baseline and at follow-up two years later. Multilevel linear regressions estimated individual- and department-level effects simultaneously, and accounted for clustering of data. Baseline exposures and average exposures over time ([T1+T2]/2) were tested. All work factors; decision control, role conflict, positive challenge, support from immediate superior, fair leadership, predictability during the next month, commitment to organization, rumors of change, human resource primacy, and social climate, were related to mental distress and positive affect at the individual and department level. However, analyses of baseline exposures adjusted for baseline outcome, demonstrated significant associations at the individual level only. Baseline "rumors of change" was related to mental distress only and baseline "predictability during the next month" was not a statistical significant predictor of either outcome when adjusted for outcome at baseline. Psychological and social work factors were generally related to mental distress and positive affect in a mirrored way. Impact of exposures seemed most pervasive at the individual level. However, department-level relations were also discovered. Supplementing individual-level measures with aggregated measures may increase understanding of working conditions influence on employees`health and well-being. Organizational improvements focusing on the work factors in the current study should be able to reduce distress and enhance positive affect. Furthermore, both

El trabajo de campo como proceso. La "etnografía colaborativa" como perspectiva analítica

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Leticia Katzer

2011-10-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo contiene una serie de reflexiones elaboradas al poner en diálogo experiencias de campo en el marco de investigaciones individuales; una, con indígenas adscriptos como Huarpes, en el noreste de la provincia de Mendoza; la otra, con indígenas adscriptos como Qom. Éstas reflexiones intentan contribuir a desnaturalizar y visibilizar la complejidad de los contextos de interacción, considerando que abarcan distintas dimensiones y aspectos —tales como posición de los interlocutores en la estructura social, expectativas individuales, experiencias y relaciones previas de los sujetos, y recursos materiales y simbólicos en intermediación—, enfatizando así el carácter situacional y dinámico de esas relaciones de interlocución.A la luz de los actuales debates de la crítica cultural y en un intento por contribuir a los estudios de la Etnografía Colaborativa, el objetivo de este artículo es exponer y describir comparativamente lo que entendemos como performances de campo, situando como objeto de análisis la experiencia etnográfica en sí misma. Entendiendo el trabajo etnográfico como proceso y texto, identificamos tres grandes nudos críticos, reunidos en tres escenas etnográficas, que analizamos como una red multisituada de mediaciones e interrelaciones.

El desarrollo de la marcha infantil como proceso de aprendizaje

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Patricia Martín Casas

2014-06-01

Full Text Available El desarrollo de la marcha infantil es un proceso especialmente complejo en que el intervienen factores motores, perceptivos y cognitivos. Desde el nacimiento, el niño integra la información recibida y realiza un progresivo control cortical sobre los patrones neuromotores innatos para desarrollar diferentes formas de locomoción hasta la marcha independiente. Estas ideas no son novedosas pero se están revisando en la actualidad y han motivado numerosos cambios en el estudio del desarrollo infantil. La consideración de la adquisición de la marcha como un aprendizaje en situaciones de constante cambio permite comprender la marcha como acción, cuya realización implica la adquisición de nuevas capacidades de interacción y conocimientos. En este trabajo se exponen los principales conocimientos acerca de este proceso de aprendizaje y se propone destacar las alteraciones de la marcha como indicadores de dificultades en el desarrollo, que requieren una valoración y un abordaje terapéutico interdisciplinares.

Predictors of disability pension over a 10-year period for men and women

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Albertsen, Karen; Lund, Thomas; Christensen, Karl B

2007-01-01

) that the higher rate of disability pension among women compared with men could not be explained by work environmental factors, lifestyle, or family situation. Public employment was the single factor that explained most of the difference. CONCLUSIONS: Gender differences in exposures and predictors of disability......AIMS: The number of people leaving the labour market with a disability pension is high and knowledge regarding risk factors is limited. The aim of this study was to explore work- and non-work-related predictors of disability pension among men and women and to estimate to what extent the gender...... of variables. RESULTS: The results showed (a) that both men and women had a higher risk of disability pension when they had work that involved standing or if they smoked; (b) that women in addition had a higher likelihood if they were public employees, had low job security, or low social support at work; (c...

La mediocridad como factor de violencia: entre la Ética y la Moral

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Ricardo Romero Urrego

2001-12-01

Full Text Available En las circunstancias actuales que vive Colombia, ha venido haciendo carrera la actitud de no responsabilizarse por las propias acciones. Asumir que son otros los que deben hacer las cosas y tomar las decisiones. Esta actitud va reflejándose cada vez más como mediocridad y se expresa en no pocos confines de la vida cotidiana, en el trabajo, en el estudio, en todos los escenarios. Esta mediocridad contribuye a generar violencia social del más variado tipo.

Predictors of work participation of young adults with mild intellectual disabilities

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Holwerda, Anja; van der Klink, Jac J. L.; de Boer, Michiel R.; Groothoff, Johan W.; Brouwer, Sandra

Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) are three to four times less often employed compared to their non-disabled peers. Evidence for factors associated with work participation of young adults with ID is limited. Furthermore, studies on predictors for sustainable work participation among

Predictors of work participation in young adults with mild intellectual disabilities

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Holwerda, A.; van der Klink, J.J.L.; de Boer, M.R.; Groothoff, J.W.; Brouwer, S.

2013-01-01

Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) are three to four times less often employed compared to their non-disabled peers. Evidence for factors associated with work participation of young adults with ID is limited. Furthermore, studies on predictors for sustainable work participation among

Predictors of COPD symptoms : does the sex of the patient matter?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Watson, L.; Schouten, J. P.; Lofdahl, C. -G.; Pride, N. B.; Laitinen, L. A.; Postma, D. S.

Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients frequently report symptoms, it is not known which factors determine the course of symptoms over time and if these differ according to the sex of the patient. The current study investigated predictors for presence, development and

Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM): A systematic review of patient reported factors and psychological predictors influencing choice and satisfaction.

Science.gov (United States)

Ager, Brittany; Butow, Phyllis; Jansen, Jesse; Phillips, Kelly-Anne; Porter, David

2016-08-01

Conduct a systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies exploring patient reported factors and psychological variables influencing the decision to have contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM), and satisfaction with CPM, in women with early stage breast cancer. Studies were identified via databases: Medline, CINAHL, Embase and PsycINFO. Data were extracted by one author and crosschecked by two additional authors for accuracy. The quality of included articles was assessed using standardised criteria by three authors. Of the 1346 unique citations identified, 17 were studies that met the inclusion criteria. Studies included were primarily cross-sectional and retrospective. No study utilised a theoretical framework to guide research and few studies considered psychological predictors of CPM. Fear of breast cancer was the most commonly cited reason for CPM, followed by cosmetic reasons such as desire for symmetry. Overall, women appeared satisfied with CPM, however, adverse/diminished body image, poor cosmetic result, complications, diminished sense of sexuality, emotional issues and perceived lack of education regarding alternative surveillance/CPM efficacy were cited as reasons for dissatisfaction. Current literature has begun to identify patient-reported reasons for CPM; however, the relative importance of different factors and how these factors relate to the process underlying the decision to have CPM are unknown. Of women who considered CPM, limited information is available regarding differences between those who proceed with or ultimately decline CPM. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

LA VOCACIÓN CIENTÍFICA Y TECNOLÓGICA: PREDICTORES ACTITUDINALES SIGNIFICATIVOS

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Ángel Vázquez Alonso

2009-01-01

educación secundaria obligatoria. Los resultados demuestran que las variables actitudinales tienen una alta capacidad predictiva global de la vocación, la carrera y la expectativa de trabajo y descubre un conjunto amplio y diverso de predictores significativos. El gusto por estudiar ciencia destaca tanto por su universalidad como por su alta capacidad predictiva; otros indicadores significativos encontrados son las creencias sobre la capacidad de la ciencia escolar para mejorar las oportunidades de carrera y abrir perspectivas a nuevos y excitantes trabajos, trabajar con máquinas o herramientas, hacer o inventar algo y usar un equipo de ciencias. Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados para mejorar la educación científica y tecnológica desde la perspectiva de promover vocaciones científicas.

Prevalence and predictors of sunburn among beachgoers.

Science.gov (United States)

de Troya-Martín, Magdalena; de Gálvez-Aranda, María Victoria; Rivas-Ruiz, Francisco; Blázquez-Sánchez, Nuria; Fernández-Morano, Maria Teresa; Padilla-España, Laura; Herrera-Ceballos, Enrique

2018-03-01

Painful sunburns at any age are one of the main risk factors for skin cancer. To determine the prevalence and predictors of sunburn among beachgoers. A cross-sectional health survey was conducted at the beach during the summer. Adults >18 years with an understanding of Spanish were interviewed using a questionnaire about behaviours, attitudes and knowledge related to sun exposure at the beach. A descriptive analysis was performed, and a log-binomial regression model was used to determine predictors of sunburn. The survey was completed by 1054 beachgoers, with a mean age of 43.8 (SD: 18.7) years, 61.2% women, skin phototypes i (13.6%), ii (22.3%), iii (34.0%) and iv (30.2%). 46.9% of responders reported at least one painful sunburn during the previous summer. Age, sex, education, skin phototype, midday sun exposure, sun protection habits, attitudes towards tanning and knowledge about skin cancer were identified as independent predictors of sunburn. It is necessary to develop photoprotection campaigns aimed at beachgoers, particularly in young people, men, those with skin phototypes I-III and secondary or university education. Educational strategies should be aimed at discouraging sun exposure at midday, changing attitudes towards tanning and improving knowledge about skin cancer. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

[Self-esteem predictors in adolescents with diabetes].

Science.gov (United States)

Małkowska-Szkutnik, Agnieszka; Gajewski, Jakub; Mazur, Joanna; Gajewska, Katarzyna

2012-01-01

Self-esteem is the conviction concerning self-satisfaction and self-assessment of one's competence. It can influence the overall emotional state, and determine the motivation to take actions of characteristic teenagers. Presentation of the results of research on predictors of self-esteem in healthy adolescents and their peers with diabetes. Is was investigated whether there were differences in factors that determine directly and indirectly the self-esteem within these groups. The survey was conducted during the school year 2010/2011 as a part of cultural and linguistic adaptation of the CHIP-AE questionnaire (Child Health and Illness Profile - Adolescent Edition). Data were collected from 1177 students with average age of 15.4 years, who attended junior high and high schools of different types, in five provinces of Poland. In this group there were 117 adolescents with diabetes and 1060 healthy peers. The CHIP-AE questionnaire consists of six main dimensions: satisfaction, complaints, protective factors, risk factors, achievements and illness. Students are asked to respond mostly from the perspective of the last 4 weeks. Predictors of self-esteem were selected from the following fields of CHIP-AE questionnaire: physical health, self-efficiency, limitation of daily activities, academic achievement, burden of school work, social support, capability of solving social problems, family relationships, relationships with peers and with teachers. Multivariate regression models and structural equitation models were estimated for both the healthy and the ill adolescents. It has been proved that self-esteem of healthy adolescents was determined differently than that of their peers with diabetes. The most important elements forming self-esteem of adolescents with diabetes were as follows: self-assessment of physical fitness, academic achievements and social support. In the studied group an indirect impact of limitations of physical activity on self-perceived fitness and

Dinámica de los predictores de adopción de Internet en Medellín

OpenAIRE

Díez Arango, Daniela; Lalinde Mery, David

2016-01-01

En este trabajo se propone analizar la dinámica del impacto asociado a algunos predictores de la adopción de internet en la ciudad de Medellín (Colombia), utilizando como base de datos la Encuesta de calidad de vida de Medellín (ECV) desde el año 2006 a 2014 -- Se analizarán que variables inciden en la tenencia de internet, se realizará la estadística descriptiva necesaria, y regresiones mediante los modelos Logit y Probit -- El acceso a internet aún se encuentra reservado para una parte priv...

La Proteína C reactiva como predictor de la evolución de la neumopatía aguda comunitaria

OpenAIRE

De Los Santos, Ernesto; Quijano, Ana Laura; Castrillón, Carolina; Grille, Sofía; Frugon, Fiorella; Mariño, Nicolás

2013-01-01

La Proteína C reactiva es un biomarcador sensible, específico y buen predictor del fracaso terapéutico de las neumonías. A nivel mundial hay posturas controversiales sobre su utilidad. En nuestro medio no hay estudios reportados al respecto. El propósito de nuestro trabajo fue intentar predecir la evolución de la neumonía aguda comunitaria (NAC). A todos los pacientes con diagnostico de NAC ingresados al Hospital Español durante junio y julio de 2012 se les dosificó los niveles de PcR a las 2...

CARTAGENA DE INDIAS Y LA ASOCIATIVIDAD COMO ESTRATEGIA COMPETITIVA DE SOBREVIVENCIA EN EL DESARROLLO LOCAL

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Kenia Victoria Cogollo

2016-03-01

Full Text Available En la ciudad ia asociatividad como estrategia competitiva en el desarrollo local ya inició el camino; incidiendo sobre procesos sociales tales como la organización, la participación, la cooperación, la competencia entre los actores, para este caso del sector económico local; estos aspectos se constituyen hoy y en el futuro, como elementos básicos a fortalecer para el desarrollo de la sociedad cartagenera. Los datos aquí registrados enmarcan aspectos particulares tales como: contexto en el que surgen las experienciias, motivos de constitución, estructura socio- administrativa y logros alcanzados en las dos asociaciones objeto de estudio, del provecto de investigación que da lugar a este articulo: destacándose las fortalezas que se han visibilizado para así lograr que la asociatividad como estrategia competitiva sea un factor dinámico para la multiplicación de este tipo de experiencias en la ciudad.

Measures for Predictors of Innovation Adoption

Science.gov (United States)

Chor, Ka Ho Brian; Wisdom, Jennifer P.; Olin, Su-Chin Serene; Hoagwood, Kimberly E.; Horwitz, Sarah M.

2014-01-01

Building on a narrative synthesis of adoption theories by Wisdom et al. (2013), this review identifies 118 measures associated with the 27 adoption predictors in the synthesis. The distribution of measures is uneven across the predictors and predictors vary in modifiability. Multiple dimensions and definitions of predictors further complicate measurement efforts. For state policymakers and researchers, more effective and integrated measurement can advance the adoption of complex innovations such as evidence-based practices. PMID:24740175

Liderazgo y relaciones sociales en el trabajo como factor de riesgo psicosocial: su incidencia sobre gestión humana en las organizaciones

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Gregorio Calderón Hernández

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo pretende analizar los tópicos liderazgo y relaciones sociales en el trabajo, como factores de riesgo psicosocial, fundamentados en los modelos: demanda control-apoyo social, el modelo de desequilibrio esfuerzo-recompensa y el modelo dinámico de los factores de riesgo. La contrastación empírica se hizo mediante la aplicación de una batería de instrumentos validados por el Ministerio de Protección Social de Colombia a un grupo de 148 jefes y 267 profesionales y técnicos, de 44 empresas localizadas en el Eje Cafetero colombiano. Los resultados permiten identificar un alto índice de riesgo en las dimensiones relaciones con colaboradores y relaciones sociales; no se encontraron diferencias significativas en el índice de riesgo por género y tipo de cargo, pero sí diferencias entre algunos grupos de edad, tiempo de servicio y tipo de contrato.

Predictors of utilisation of dental care services in a nationally representative sample of adults.

Science.gov (United States)

Guiney, H; Woods, N; Whelton, H; Morgan, K

2011-12-01

The objective of this study was to identify the predictors of utilisation of dental care services in Ireland. The 2007 Irish Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition is a cross-sectional study, conducted in 2006/2007 (n = 10,364), by interviews at home to a representative sample of adults aged 18 years or over. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the influence of socioeconomic, predisposing and enabling factors on the odds of males and females having a dental visit in the past year. The significant predictors of visiting the dentist in the past year were for males: having 3rd level education, employment status, earning 50,000 euros or more, location of residence, use of a car, brushing frequently, and dentition status. For females, the predictors were being between 25-34 or 55-64 years-old, education level, earning 50,000 euros or more, location of residence, use of a car, brushing frequently and dentition status. Predictors of the use of dental services vary by gender. Predictors common to both genders were education level, higher income, location of residence, use of a car, brushing frequently and dentition status. Many of the predictors of dental visiting in the past year are also related to social inequalities in health. These predictors may be useful markers of impact for policies designed to address inequalities in access to oral health services.

Diabetes Mellitus como causa de perda auditiva Diabetes mellitus as etiological factor of hearing loss

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Clícia Adriana S. Maia

2005-04-01

Full Text Available Os pacientes com diabetes mellitus freqüentemente apresentam sintomas como tontura, zumbidos e hipoacusia. Via de regra, a perda auditiva é do tipo sensorioneural, confundindo-se, por vezes, com presbiacusia, principalmente por ocorrer em pacientes acima dos 40 anos de idade. A angiopatia e a neuropatia causadas pelo diabetes mellitus têm sido considerados importantes fatores responsáveis pelas manifestações vestibulococleares nesses pacientes. Porém, existe controvérsia no que se refere à etiopatogênese da perda auditiva, sendo que parte dos autores advoga que ela ocorre devido à neuropatia, outra parte à angiopatia, e outra, ainda, à associação das duas. Porém há também os que entendem que o diabetes mellitus e a perda auditiva poderiam ser partes integrantes de uma síndrome genética e não dependentes entre si. Realizamos uma extensa revisão bibliográfica procurando analisar se há relação "causa e efeito" entre o diabetes mellitus e a perda auditiva. Pudemos observar que, apesar do grande número de estudos realizados, a controvérsia ainda é grande, sendo que novas perspectivas, como no campo da genética, estão sendo estudadas, mostrando que novos rumos podem ser tomados para se chegar à conclusão do tema.Patients with diabetes mellitus often show symptoms such as dizziness, tinnitus, and hearing impairment. In general, hearing loss is sensorineural, which is sometimes confused with presbycusis, mainly because it develops in patients older than 40 years of age. Angiopathy and neuropathy caused by diabetes mellitus have been considered important factors for the vestibular-cochlear disorders found in these patients. However, there is controversy regarding the etiopathogenesis of hearing loss, as some researchers support that it develops due to neuropathy, others say it is due to angiopathy, or even a combination of both. Yet, some researchers believe diabetes mellitus and hearing loss are part of a genetic

Malnutrition as a risk factor for the development of pressure ulcers Desnutrición como factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de las úlceras por presión Desnutrição como fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de úlceras por pressão

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Letícia Faria Serpa

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Malnutrition - as a fundamental aspect both in genesis as in healing of pressure ulcers - is the object of this update paper. Countless studies point out that malnutrition, immune function alterations, hypoalbuminemia, low hemoglobin levels, as well as low diet intake, as responsible for an increase in the risk of developing these lesions. Therefore, it is essential to include the assessment of the nutrition status - monitoring of the calorie-protein intake and the difficulties to use the nutrients - in the prevention and treatment protocols of this type of chronic wound.La desnutrición - como aspecto fundamental en la génesis y cicatrización de las úlceras por presión (UP - es el tema de esta atualización. Muchos estudios destacan la desnutrición, los cambios del funcionamiento imunológico, la hipoalbuminemia, los bajos niveles de hemoglobina así como la baja aceptación alimentaria como los responsables del aumento del riesgo para el desarrollo de las UP. En conclusión, es fundamental incluir la evaluación del estado nutricional en los protocolos de prevención y tratamiento de las UP. Esa evaluación debe incluir medidas objetivas, seguimiento de la ingestión calórica y protéica y además de las dificultades para el aprovechamiento de los nutrientes.A desnutrição - como aspecto fundamental tanto na gênese como na cicatrização das úlceras por pressão - é objeto deste artigo de atualização. Inúmeros estudos salientam a desnutrição, alterações da função imune, hipoalbuminemia, níveis baixos de hemoglobina bem como a baixa aceitação dietética como responsáveis por aumentar o risco para o desenvolvimento dessas lesões. É, portanto, fundamental incluir a avaliação do estado nutricional - monitorização da ingestão calórico-protéica e das dificuldades para o aproveitamento dos nutrientes nos protocolos de prevenção e tratamento desse tipo de ferida crônica.

Psychological factors related to physical education classes as predictors of students' intention to partake in leisure-time physical activity.

Science.gov (United States)

Baena-Extremera, Antonio; Granero-Gallegos, Antonio; Ponce-de-León-Elizondo, Ana; Sanz-Arazuri, Eva; Valdemoros-San-Emeterio, María de Los Ángeles; Martínez-Molina, Marina

2016-04-01

In view of the rise in sedentary lifestyle amongst young people, knowledge regarding their intention to partake in physical activity can be decisive when it comes to instilling physical activity habits to improve the current and future health of school students. Therefore, the object of this study was to find a predictive model of the intention to partake in leisure- time physical activity based on motivation, satisfaction and competence. The sample consisted of 347 Spanish, male, high school students and 411 female students aged between 13 and 18 years old. We used a questionnaire made up of the Sport Motivation Scale, Sport Satisfaction Instrument, and the competence factor in the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale and Intention to Partake in Leisure-Time Physical Activity, all of them adapted to school Physical Education. We carried out confirmatory factor analyses and structural equation models. The intention to partake in leisure-time physical activity was predicted by competence and the latter by satisfaction/fun. Intrinsic motivation was revealed to be the best predictor of satisfaction/fun. Intrinsic motivation should be enhanced in order to predict an intention to partake in physical activity in Physical Education students.

Comparison of Some Blast Vibration Predictors for Blasting in Underground Drifts and Some Observations

Science.gov (United States)

Bhagwat, Vaibhab Pramod; Dey, Kaushik

2016-04-01

Drilling and blasting are the most economical excavation techniques in underground drifts driven through hard rock formation. Burn cut is the most popular drill pattern, used in this case, to achieve longer advance per blast round. The ground vibration generated due to the propagation of blast waves on the detonation of explosive during blasting is the principal cause for structural and rock damage. Thus, ground vibration is a point of concern for the blasting engineers. The ground vibration from a blast is measured using a seismograph placed at the blast monitoring station. The measured vibrations, in terms of peak particle velocity, are related to the maximum charge detonated at one instant and the distance of seismograph from the blast point. The ground vibrations from a number of blast rounds of varying charge/delay and distances are monitored. A number of scaling factors of these dependencies (viz. Distance and maximum charge/delay) have been proposed by different researchers, namely, square root, cube root, CMRI, Langefors and Kihlstrom, Ghosh-Daemon, Indian standard etc. Scaling factors of desired type are computed for all the measured blast rounds. Regression analysis is carried out between the scaling factors and peak particle velocities to establish the coefficients of the vibration predictor equation. Then, the developed predictor equation is used for designing the blast henceforth. Director General of Mine Safety, India, specified that ground vibrations from eight to ten blast rounds of varying charge/delay and distances should be monitored to develop a predictor equation; however, there is no guideline about the type of scaling factor to be used. Further to this, from the statistical point of view, a regression analysis on a small sample population cannot be accepted without the testing of hypothesis. To show the importance of the above, in this paper, seven scaling factors are considered for blast data set of a hard-rock underground drift using burn

Predictors of Outcome for Cognitive Behaviour Therapy in Binge Eating Disorder

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lammers, M.W.; Vroling, M.S.; Ouwens, M.A.; Engels, R.C.M.E.; Strien, T. van

2015-01-01

The aim of this naturalistic study was to identify pretreatment predictors of response to cognitive behaviour therapy in treatment-seeking patients with binge eating disorder (BED; N=304). Furthermore, we examined end-of-treatment factors that predict treatment outcome 6months later (N=190). We

Predictors of outcome for cognitive behaviour therapy in binge eating disorder

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Lammers, M.W.; Vroling, M.S.; Ouwens, M.A.; Engels, R.C.M.E.; van Strien, T.

2015-01-01

The aim of this naturalistic study was to identify pretreatment predictors of response to cognitive behaviour therapy in treatment-seeking patients with binge eating disorder (BED; N = 304). Furthermore, we examined end-of-treatment factors that predict treatment outcome 6 months later (N = 190). We

Hoy como ayer

OpenAIRE

Rodríguez M.

2010-01-01

Leyendo el artículo titulado “Los medicamentos baratos” de la revista La Farmacia Española, publicada en Madrid el jueves 21 de diciembre de 1893, uno se pregunta cómo puede ser que se reconozca la situación como si fuera de ahora mismo, cómo puede ser que estemos igual que hace más de cien años. Entonces eran los descuentos que se empezaban a extender en las farmacias, francesas sobre todo, y que amenazaban el prestigio profesional de todo el colectivo. Con frases como éstas se define la sit...

Is parenting style a predictor of suicide attempts in a representative sample of adolescents?

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2014-01-01

Background Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts are serious but not rare conditions in adolescents. However, there are several research and practical suicide-prevention initiatives that discuss the possibility of preventing serious self-harm. Profound knowledge about risk and protective factors is therefore necessary. The aim of this study is a) to clarify the role of parenting behavior and parenting styles in adolescents’ suicide attempts and b) to identify other statistically significant and clinically relevant risk and protective factors for suicide attempts in a representative sample of German adolescents. Methods In the years 2007/2008, a representative written survey of N = 44,610 students in the 9th grade of different school types in Germany was conducted. In this survey, the lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts was investigated as well as potential predictors including parenting behavior. A three-step statistical analysis was carried out: I) As basic model, the association between parenting and suicide attempts was explored via binary logistic regression controlled for age and sex. II) The predictive values of 13 additional potential risk/protective factors were analyzed with single binary logistic regression analyses for each predictor alone. Non-significant predictors were excluded in Step III. III) In a multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, all significant predictor variables from Step II and the parenting styles were included after testing for multicollinearity. Results Three parental variables showed a relevant association with suicide attempts in adolescents – (all protective): mother’s warmth and father’s warmth in childhood and mother’s control in adolescence (Step I). In the full model (Step III), Authoritative parenting (protective: OR: .79) and Rejecting-Neglecting parenting (risk: OR: 1.63) were identified as significant predictors (p < .001) for suicidal attempts. Seven further variables were interpreted to be

Aleitamento materno como fator de proteção para o câncer de mama

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Clícia Valim Côrtes Gradim

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Estudio cuantitativo, transversal que tuvo como objetivo verificar si las mujeres que amamantaron relacionan este acto como un factor de protección para el cáncer de mama. Se aplicó un formulario a 200 mujeres que amamantaron, y solían frecuentar una clínica municipal en Alfenas-Míi, entre mayo y julio de 2008. El análisis de los datos se basó en la estadística descriptiva yen el test chí cuadrado, con nivel de sígntñcancta de 5%. El índice de asociación entre la lactancia materna y el cáncer de mama fue de 3S%. La escolaridad estuvo significativamente relacionada al conocimiento de la lactancia materna no exclusiva como un factor de protección para esa neoplasia mamaria (p <0,001. Los profesionales de la salud deben alentar y concíentízar a las mujeres acerca de las ventajas de la lactancia materna, tanto sobre los beneficios para el niño como para la madre, pues la protege del cáncer de mama.

Desfibrilador automático implantado en pacientes con miocardiopatía hipertrófica: criterios de selección, evolución y predictores de terapia apropiada Automatic defibrillator implanted in patients with hypertrophic myocardiopathy: selection criteria, evolution and appropriate therapy predictors

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Guillermo Mora

Full Text Available Introducción y objetivos: la miocardiopatía hipertrófica es una enfermedad de origen genético con prevalencia de 1% al 2%. La mitad de los pacientes fallecen por muerte súbita cardiaca, la mayoría por arritmias ventriculares. Todavía no está claro a qué pacientes se les debe implantar un desfibrilador automático. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir una serie de pacientes con implante, los criterios empleados y los resultados obtenidos, así como analizar los predictores de terapia apropiada por el desfibrilador. Métodos: se incluyeron 20 pacientes que recibieron un desfibrilador de tercera generación. En todos se realizó estudio electrofisiológico y seguimiento prospectivo con registro de eventos. En 18 (90% se hizo estudio genético. Resultados: el 55% eran hombres con edad promedio de 40 [11-78] años. Seis (30% recibieron implantante por prevención secundaria y 14 (70% por prevención primaria; los últimos por presentar varios factores de riesgo. Se indujo una arritmia sostenida en 15 (75% y en 3 (15% taquicardia ventricular monomórfica sostenida. A 22 meses de seguimiento 4 (20% sufrieron terapia apropiada y 2 (10% fallecieron. La taquicardia ventricular monomórfica clínica (p=0,03 y la inducida (pIntroduction and objectives: hypertrophic myocardiopathy is a genetic entity with 1% to 2% prevalence. Half patients die of sudden cardiac death, most due to ventricular arrhythmias. There is still no clarity with regard to the patients to whom an automatic defibrillator has to be implanted. The objective of this work is to describe a series of patients with implant, the criteria used and the results obtained, as well as to analyze the predictors of appropriate therapy with the defibrillator. Methods: 20 patients that received a third generation defibrillator were included. Electrophysiological study and prospective follow-up with register of events was performed in all. Genetic study was done in 18 (90%. Results: 55% were

A idade como fator prognóstico in vitro The age as a predictive factor in in vitro fertilization cycles

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Luiz Mauro Oliveira Gomes

2009-05-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: avaliar a idade da paciente como fator indicador de resultados em um programa de fertilização in vitro. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal que incluiu 302 mulheres, com idade variando entre 24 e 46 anos, submetidas ao tratamento com fertilização in vitro (FIV, no período de Maio de 2005 a Julho de 2007. As pacientes foram divididas em três grupos, de acordo com a faixa etária: G40 (n=52. Foram avaliados: número de oócitos aspirados, taxas de fertilização, número de embriões transferidos, qualidade embrionária e taxas de gravidez. A análise estatística foi realizada pela análise de variância de Kruskal-Wallis e pelo teste do χ2. RESULTADOS: no Grupo G40, 1,6 oócitos por paciente. O número de oócitos obtidos no Grupo G>40 foi significantemente menor que nos Grupos G40, havendo redução estatisticamente significante no Grupo G>40 (p40 apresentou taxa de 9,6%, resultado significantemente inferior (p=0,0339 aos Grupos GPURPOSE: to evaluate the patient's age as an outcome predictor in an in vitro fertilization (IVF program. METHODS: transversal study, which has included 302 women with ages varying from 24 to 46 years old, submitted to IVF, from May 2005 to July 2007. The patients were divided in three groups, according to their age: G40 (n=52. The number of collected oocytes, the fertilization rates, the number of transferred embryos, the embryonary quality and the pregnancy rate were evaluated. Statistical analysis was realized through Kruskal-Wallis variance analysis and χ2 test. RESULTS: in the G40 group, 1.6. The number of oocytes obtained in G>40 group was significantly lower than in the other two groups (p40, respectively, with statistically significant decrease in the G>40 group (p40 group has presented a rate of 9.6%, a result which is significantly lower (p=0.0330 than the one presented by the G<35 and G 36-39 groups (26.1 e 27.0%, respectively, with no significant difference between themselves. CONCLUSIONS: though

Predictors of suicide ideation among older adults with bipolar disorder.

Science.gov (United States)

O'Rourke, Norm; Heisel, Marnin J; Canham, Sarah L; Sixsmith, Andrew

2017-01-01

Bipolar disorder (BD) carries the greatest risk of death by suicide of all psychiatric conditions as 25%-50% of those with BD will make one or more suicide attempt, and about 15% will intentionally end their lives. Among young adults with BD, substance misuse, medication non-adherence, age at onset, and comorbid psychiatric conditions each predict self-harm. It is currently unclear if these same factors or others predict suicide ideation among older adults with BD. We recruited a global sample of 220 older adults with BD over 19 days using socio-demographically targeted, social media advertising and online data collection (Mean = 58.50, SD = 5.42; range 50 to 81 years). Path analyses allowed us to identify direct and indirect predictors of suicide ideation among older adults with BD. Cognitive failures (perception, memory, and motor function), depressive symptoms, alcohol misuse, and dissatisfaction with life as direct predictors of suicide ideation; duration of BD symptoms and medication non-adherence emerged as indirect predictors. Of note, the significant impact of sleep on suicide ideation is indirect via depressive symptoms, cognitive failures, medication non-adherence and life dissatisfaction. As with young adults with BD, alcohol misuse and medication non-adherence emerged as significant predictors of suicide ideation. In addition, cognitive failures directly and indirectly predict suicide ideation in this sample of older adults with BD. Population aging and treatment efficacy are leading to ever growing numbers of older adults with BD. Both direct and indirect predictors of suicide ideation need to be considered in future BD research and treatment planning.

Prevalence and Predictors of Geriatric Depression in Community-Dwelling Elderly

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Jeung-Im Kim, RN, PhD

2009-09-01

Conclusion: In this research, perceived health status was the most powerful predictor of elderly depression. TMIG-IC, hand-grip strength and social activities also predicted Korean elderly depression. These factors should be considered when the program is developed for elderly people with depression. [Asian Nursing Research 2009;3(3:121–129

Predictors of sexual hookups: a theory-based, prospective study of first-year college women.

Science.gov (United States)

Fielder, Robyn L; Walsh, Jennifer L; Carey, Kate B; Carey, Michael P

2013-11-01

Hooking up, or engaging in sexual interactions outside of committed relationships, has become increasingly common among college students. This study sought to identify predictors of sexual hookup behavior among first-year college women using a prospective longitudinal design. We used problem behavior theory (Jessor, 1991) as an organizing conceptual framework and examined risk and protective factors for hooking up from three domains: personality, behavior, and perceived environment. Participants (N = 483, 67 % White) completed an initial baseline survey that assessed risk and protective factors, and nine monthly follow-up surveys that assessed the number of hookups involving performing oral sex, receiving oral sex, and vaginal sex. Over the course of the school year, 20 % of women engaged in at least one hookup involving receiving oral sex, 25 % engaged in at least one hookup involving performing oral sex, and 25 % engaged in at least one hookup involving vaginal sex. Using two-part modeling with logistic and negative binomial regression, we identified predictors of hooking up. Risk factors for sexual hookups included hookup intentions, impulsivity, sensation-seeking, pre-college hookups, alcohol use, marijuana use, social comparison orientation, and situational triggers for hookups. Protective factors against sexual hookups included subjective religiosity, self-esteem, religious service attendance, and having married parents. Race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, hookup attitudes, depression, cigarette smoking, academic achievement, injunctive norms, parental connectedness, and being in a romantic relationship were not consistent predictors of sexual hookups. Future research on hookups should consider the array of individual and social factors that influence this behavior.

LA TECNOLOGÍA DE LA INFORMACIÓN COMO FACTOR COMPETITIVO: UN ESTUDIO EN EL APL COSECHA METAL-MECÁNICO SANTA ROSA/HORIZONTINA, RS, BRASIL

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Graniel, Gilmar J.

2011-06-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo aborda la utilización de la Tecnología de la Información (TI como factor competitivo en un Arreglo Productivo Local (APL Cosecha Metal-Mecánica en el estado de Río Grande del Sur, Brasil y tiene como objetivo buscar la comprensión de como el uso de la TI contribuye al aumento de la competitividad. Para alcanzar este objetivo, fue realizada una investigación en las empresas que componen el APL. Los resultados de la investigación indicaron que las empresas perciben la importancia del uso de la TI, pero que, en la práctica, su utilización es limitada, sobre todo tratándose de la planificación de la TI. Otro de los resultados que se encontró es que las empresas, aunque formen parte del APL, aún no colaboran entre sí, ya sea a través del cambio de informaciones, o a través de Sistemas de Información. Las principales recomendaciones ante estos resultados es que las empresas traten de actuar activamente para el fortalecimiento del APL. En lo que se refiere al uso de la TI se hace necesaria la planificación y la inversión en la adquisición de sistemas integrados para la mejor gerencia de las informaciones, lo cual contribuirá al aumento de la competitividad de las empresas que pertenecen al arreglo.

Factores asociados al rendimiento académico en estudiantes de medicina Factors associated with academic performance in medical students

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Alberto Vélez van Meerbeke

2005-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivos: Determinar y evaluar los factores que estuvieran incidiendo en el desempeño académico de nuestros estudiantes de primer semestre de medicina. Metodología: Se caracterizó la población en búsqueda de factores que se analizaron posteriormente para determinar asociación y predicción, a través de un modelo de regresión logística, del rendimiento académico final. Resultados: Se analizaron 80 estudiantes de edades comprendidas entre 17 y 18, la mayoría mujeres, procedentes de Bogotá, de colegios mixtos, privados y monolingües. El grupo fue homogéneo por factores sociodemográficos, culturales, escolaridad y de motivaciones. Se detectaron rasgos de violencia intrafamiliar, de consumo de alcohol y cigarrillo pero no de drogas psicoactivas. Los resultados obtenidos en la prueba de aptitudes diferenciales y generales (BADyGs del aprendizaje fueron bajos. El análisis mostró que el no leer como pasatiempo, la presencia de violencia intrafamiliar, el haber fumado marihuana, el provenir de un colegio mixto, el no haber realizado estudios profesionales, de quien se depende económicamente, las notas de biología, bioquímica y del promedio trimestral fueron los factores que se asocian con fracaso académico o pérdida de cupo. La variable que predice fracaso académico cuando se controla por los otros factores incluidos en el modelo es el promedio trimestral y la que determina pérdida de cupo es la nota del laboratorio de bioquímica. Conclusiones: Aunque existen factores previos al ingreso que puedan explicar el desempeño académico, es importante evaluar el rendimiento durante el semestre para intervenir rápidamente y evitar el fracaso.Objectives: To determine and evaluate factors that affect academic performance in first semester medicine students. Methodology: The population was characterized in a search for factors that would later be studied in order to determine statistical association and prediction of final academic

The response of epiphytic lichens to air pollution and subsets of ecological predictors: A case study from the Italian Prealps

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cristofolini, Fabiana; Giordani, Paolo; Gottardini, Elena; Modenesi, Paolo

2008-01-01

We investigated the response of epiphytic lichens to air pollution, against the background of other ecological predictors in a prealpine heterogeneous area, using Non-Parametric Multiplicative Regression (NPMR). The best NPMR model for total lichen diversity according to N environmental predictors at tree level has a cross R 2 = 0.709. It includes 10 variables, belonging to three different subsets of factors: two pollution-related factors (distance in meters from the road and from the cement factory); four stand-related (habitat, heat index, LAI and elevation) and four substrate-related factors (inclination, circumference and texture and tree species). Considering separately the effects of each subset on lichen diversity, substrate- and stand-related factors produce good models with similar cross R 2 (0.490 and 0.500, respectively), whereas pollution-related factors produce a model with a lower cross R 2 (0.340). Hence, we provide information to investigate the applicability of lichen biomonitoring to complex heterogeneous areas where standardized protocols are not reliable. - We detect the response of lichens to air pollution, against the background of other ecological predictors

Factores de la calidad de vida en el trabajo como predictoras de la intención de permanencia

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Ricardo Flores Zambada

2012-03-01

Full Text Available La calidad de vida en el trabajo (CVT que perciben los empleados de una organización ha sido identificada como predictora de comportamientos no deseados -rotación, ausentismo, reducción en motivación y productividad-, afectando directamente el desempeño de la organización. En este artículo se reportan los resultados de una investigación realizada en una institución de educación superior, en la cual se identifican las variables de CVT que predicen la intención de los empleados de permanecer en la institución. El estudio estuvo basado en una muestra de 1 522 trabajadores quienes respondieron un cuestionario con 82 reactivos. Posteriormente, a través de modelos de regresión logística, se identificó que la equidad salarial interna, la satisfacción con el trabajo, el sentido de pertenencia, la influencia del trabajo en la familia y el ambiente de trabajo son las variables más significativas en la predicción de la intención de permanencia en el empleo.The quality of work life (QWL that employees perceive in an organization has been identifiedas a predictor of unwanted behaviors, such as turnover, absenteeism, low motivation andproductivity. These behaviors directly affect the performance of the organization. We reportthe results of an exploratory study in an institution of higher education, which identifiesvariables that predict QWL and the intentions of the employees to stay in the institution.The study included 1 522 employees who answered a questionnaire including 82 items; thequestionnaire measured 27 variables of QWL and the intention that employees had to remainin the institution. Through logistic regression models, we identify that internal equity pay, jobsatisfaction, commitment, influence of family and work environment are the most significantvariables predicting the intention to remain in the institution.

PREDICTORES ASOCIADOS A VARIACIONES EN PUNTAJES SIMCE EN LA REGIÓN DEL BIOBÍO

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José Manuel Merino Escobar

2013-07-01

Full Text Available El creciente interés de contar con investigaciones que expliquen diferencias en resultados académicos en el Sistema de Medición de la Calidad de la Educación (Simce que vayan más allá de la mera construcción de un “ranking educativo”, es el fundamento del propósito principal de este estudio que busca identificar posibles predictores de tipo social, cultural o económico, que incidan de manera estadísticamente significativa en variaciones en los resultados de la prueba mencionada aplicada el año 2009 a cuartos años básicos.La población comprendida corresponde a la totalidad de la Región del Biobío, Chile. Como esta población resulta demasiado extensa para el análisis de nivel individual, se trabajó con las medias comunales de Simce en las 54 comunas que comprenden la mencionada Región. El método de recolección de datos consistió en una búsqueda exhaustiva de la mayor cantidad de predictores disponibles en bases de datos confiables como el Censo, la Casen, Sinim y Simce. Los datos obtenidos fueron ordenados, analizados y correlacionados a través del programa de análisis estadístico S.A.S.El análisis estadístico de regresión jerárquica multivariado permitió establecer un modelo óptimo trivariado para la variable dependiente, conformado por las variables independientes: evaluación docente, crecimiento anual comunal de la población y porcentaje de acceso a computador.Finalmente, este modelo explicó un 57% de la variación total de los resultados Simce 2009 con un error alfa de 1 por 10.000.

La equidad como propósito del desarrollo

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Corredor Consuelo

1995-06-01

Full Text Available Los nocivos efectos sociales de la política seguida en el cuatrenio anterior, la persistencia de diferentes formas de violencia y el potencial democrático de la Constitución Política, que otorga un lugar central a lo social, son factores objetivos que explican la propuesta formulada en el plan de desarrollo El Salto Social, así como las expectativas y el respaldo de la opinión pública a algunas de sus iniciativas.

Acoso escolar como factor limitante en la inclusión educativa de niños, niñas y jóvenes con trastornos del espectro autista

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Maribel Uribarrí Vázquez

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Esta investigación tuvo como propósito analizar el acoso escolar como factor limitante en la inclusión educativa de niños, niñas y jóvenes con Trastornos del Espectro Autista (TEA. La sustentación teórica se basó en la doctrina de Delgado,  Serrano, Olweusy,  Roldan,  entre otros. El tipo de investigación fue cualitativo con  método fenomenológico a través de entrevistas a profundidad y notas de campo. La  selección de informantes clave fue de7 estudiantes con TEA  asistentes a escuelas regulares. Se concluye que el acoso escolar genera en alumnos con TEA, sentimientos de inadecuación e inadaptación que conllevan al  aislamiento,    exclusión social, resistencia y deserción escolar.

Risk factors for antenatal depression, postnatal depression and parenting stress

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Milgrom Jeannette

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Given that the prevalence of antenatal and postnatal depression is high, with estimates around 13%, and the consequences serious, efforts have been made to identify risk factors to assist in prevention, identification and treatment. Most risk factors associated with postnatal depression have been well researched, whereas predictors of antenatal depression have been less researched. Risk factors associated with early parenting stress have not been widely researched, despite the strong link with depression. The aim of this study was to further elucidate which of some previously identified risk factors are most predictive of three outcome measures: antenatal depression, postnatal depression and parenting stress and to examine the relationship between them. Methods Primipara and multiparae women were recruited antenatally from two major hoitals as part of the beyondblue National Postnatal Depression Program 1. In this subsidiary study, 367 women completed an additional large battery of validated questionnaires to identify risk factors in the antenatal period at 26–32 weeks gestation. A subsample of these women (N = 161 also completed questionnaires at 10–12 weeks postnatally. Depression level was measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI. Results Regression analyses identified significant risk factors for the three outcome measures. (1. Significant predictors for antenatal depression: low self-esteem, antenatal anxiety, low social support, negative cognitive style, major life events, low income and history of abuse. (2. Significant predictors for postnatal depression: antenatal depression and a history of depression while also controlling for concurrent parenting stress, which was a significant variable. Antenatal depression was identified as a mediator between seven of the risk factors and postnatal depression. (3. Postnatal depression was the only significant predictor for parenting stress and also acted as a mediator

Risk factors for antenatal depression, postnatal depression and parenting stress.

Science.gov (United States)

Leigh, Bronwyn; Milgrom, Jeannette

2008-04-16

Given that the prevalence of antenatal and postnatal depression is high, with estimates around 13%, and the consequences serious, efforts have been made to identify risk factors to assist in prevention, identification and treatment. Most risk factors associated with postnatal depression have been well researched, whereas predictors of antenatal depression have been less researched. Risk factors associated with early parenting stress have not been widely researched, despite the strong link with depression. The aim of this study was to further elucidate which of some previously identified risk factors are most predictive of three outcome measures: antenatal depression, postnatal depression and parenting stress and to examine the relationship between them. Primipara and multiparae women were recruited antenatally from two major hoitals as part of the beyondblue National Postnatal Depression Program 1. In this subsidiary study, 367 women completed an additional large battery of validated questionnaires to identify risk factors in the antenatal period at 26-32 weeks gestation. A subsample of these women (N = 161) also completed questionnaires at 10-12 weeks postnatally. Depression level was measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Regression analyses identified significant risk factors for the three outcome measures. (1). Significant predictors for antenatal depression: low self-esteem, antenatal anxiety, low social support, negative cognitive style, major life events, low income and history of abuse. (2). Significant predictors for postnatal depression: antenatal depression and a history of depression while also controlling for concurrent parenting stress, which was a significant variable. Antenatal depression was identified as a mediator between seven of the risk factors and postnatal depression. (3). Postnatal depression was the only significant predictor for parenting stress and also acted as a mediator for other risk factors. Risk factor profiles for

Childhood Predictors of Adult Functional Outcomes in the Multimodal Treatment Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (MTA).

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Roy, Arunima; Hechtman, Lily; Arnold, L Eugene; Swanson, James M; Molina, Brooke S G; Sibley, Margaret H; Howard, Andrea L

2017-08-01

Recent results from the Multimodal Treatment Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; MTA) have demonstrated impairments in several functioning domains in adults with childhood ADHD. The childhood predictors of these adult functional outcomes are not adequately understood. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of childhood demographic, clinical, and family factors on adult functional outcomes in individuals with and without childhood ADHD from the MTA cohort. Regressions were used to determine associations of childhood factors (age range 7-10 years) of family income, IQ, comorbidity (internalizing, externalizing, and total number of non-ADHD diagnoses), parenting styles, parental education, number of household members, parental marital problems, parent-child relationships, and ADHD symptom severity with adult outcomes (mean age 25 years) of occupational functioning, educational attainment, emotional functioning, sexual behavior, and justice involvement in participants with (n = 579) and without (n = 258) ADHD. Predictors of adult functional outcomes in ADHD included clinical factors such as baseline ADHD severity, IQ, and comorbidity; demographic factors such as family income, number of household members and parental education; and family factors such as parental monitoring and parental marital problems. Predictors of adult outcomes were generally comparable for children with and without ADHD. Childhood ADHD symptoms, IQ, and household income levels are important predictors of adult functional outcomes. Management of these areas early on, through timely treatments for ADHD symptoms, and providing additional support to children with lower IQ and from households with low incomes, could assist in improving adult functioning. Copyright © 2017 American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Psychological predictors of weight loss after bariatric surgery: a review of the recent research.

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Wimmelmann, Cathrine L; Dela, Flemming; Mortensen, Erik L

2014-01-01

Morbid obesity is the fastest growing BMI group in the U.S. and the prevalence of morbid obesity worldwide has never been higher. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for severe forms of obesity especially with regard to a sustained long-term weight loss. Psychological factors are thought to play an important role for maintaining the surgical weight loss. However, results from prior research examining preoperative psychological predictors of weight loss outcome are inconsistent. The aim of this article was to review more recent literature on psychological predictors of surgical weight loss. We searched PubMed, PsycInfo and Web of Science, for original prospective studies with a sample size >30 and at least one year follow-up, using a combination of search terms such as 'bariatric surgery', 'morbid obesity', 'psychological predictors', and 'weight loss'. Only studies published after 2003 were included. 19 eligible studies were identified. Psychological predictors of surgical weight loss investigated in the reviewed studies include cognitive function, personality, psychiatric disorder, and eating behaviour. In general, recent research remains inconsistent, but the findings suggest that pre-surgical cognitive function, personality, mental health, composite psychological variables and binge eating may predict post-surgical weight loss to the extent that these factors influence post-operative eating behaviour. Copyright © 2013 Asian Oceanian Association for the Study of Obesity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Individual and Social Predictors of Prosocial Behavior among Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong

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Lai, Frank H. Y.; Siu, Andrew M. H.; Shek, Daniel T. L.

2015-01-01

Based on the human ecological model, this study hypothesized that individual competence in empathy, prosocial moral reasoning, and social influence from parents, peers, and school are the key determinants of prosocial behavior among Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong. We recruited a sample of high school students who engaged in volunteering activities regularly (N = 580). They completed a self-administrated questionnaire designed to measure prosocial behavior and its hypothesized predictors using a number of standardized instruments. The results of multiple regression show that social influence factors, including peer, school, and parent influence, are strong predictors of helping intention and prosocial behavior, while individual competence factors like empathy and prosocial moral reasoning are not. Male participants had higher empathy scores and helping intention than females, perceived their parents as more helpful, and their schools as more supportive of prosocial behavior. However, the significant predictors of prosocial behavior and helping intention were similar across gender. The findings indicate that social influence is strongly linked to prosocial behavior. This implies that socialization and social support for prosocial norms and behavior can exert a powerful influence on the behavior of young people in a Chinese population. PMID:26029684

Individual and Social Predictors of Prosocial Behaviour among Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong

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Frank H.Y. Lai

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Based on the human ecological model, this study hypothesized that individual competence in empathy, prosocial moral reasoning, and social influence from parents, peers, and school are the key determinants of prosocial behaviour among Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong. We recruited a sample of high school students who engaged in volunteering activities regularly (N = 580. They completed a self-administrated questionnaire designed to measure prosocial behaviour and its hypothesized predictors using a number of standardized instruments. The results of multiple regression show that social influence factors, including peer, school, and parent influence, are strong predictors of helping intention and prosocial behaviour, while individual competence factors like empathy and prosocial moral reasoning are not. Male participants had higher empathy scores and helping intention than males, perceived their parents as more helpful, and their schools as more supportive of prosocial behaviour. However, the significant predictors of prosocial behaviour and helping intention were similar across gender. The findings indicate that social influence is strongly linked to prosocial behaviour. This implies that socialization and social support for prosocial norms and behaviour can exert a powerful influence on the behaviour of young people in a Chinese population.

El contenido de los mensajes icónicos: El discurso icónico como totalidad (2)

OpenAIRE

Dr. Raymond Colle

1999-01-01

En el capítulo anterior, hemos hablado de los códigos icónicos de modo general, por cuanto tienen algunas características comunes, en particular el uso de figuras como factores de los significantes. Sin embargo, como lo hemos señalado al final, no todos se construyen ni articulan de la misma manera. Tal como las lenguas son muchas y los códigos lingüísticos se rigen por diferentes reglas -aunque sobre la base de fonemas unidos secuencialmente-, los códigos icónicos son también variados y regi...

Escala de riesgo Aristóteles como factor predictor de mortalidad en el cierre quirúrgico de persistencia de ductus arterioso en prematuros

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Antonio Jimenez-Aceituna

2017-07-01

Conclusiones: La mortalidad asociada al cierre quirúrgico del ductus persistente depende más del estado de prematuridad que de la cirugía, siendo la escala Aristóteles el factor más útil para determinar el grado de prematuridad y predecir la mortalidad hospitalaria. Los prematuros con 15 o más puntos en esta escala tuvieron una mayor mortalidad, para los que se propone un manejo conservador.

Meta-Analyses of Predictors of Hope in Adolescents.

Science.gov (United States)

Yarcheski, Adela; Mahon, Noreen E

2016-03-01

The purposes of this study were to identify predictors of hope in the literature reviewed, to use meta-analysis to determine the mean effect size (ES) across studies between each predictor and hope, and to examine four moderators on each predictor-hope relationship. Using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for the literature reviewed, 77 published studies or doctoral dissertations completed between 1990 and 2012 met the inclusion criteria. Eleven predictors of hope were identified and each predictor in relation to hope was subjected to meta-analysis. Five predictors (positive affect, life satisfaction, optimism, self-esteem, and social support) of hope had large mean ESs, 1 predictor (depression) had a medium ES, 4 predictors (negative affect, stress, academic achievement, and violence) had small ESs, and 1 predictor (gender) had a trivial ES. Findings are interpreted for the 11 predictors in relation to hope. Limitations and conclusions are addressed; future studies are recommended. © The Author(s) 2014.

La cadena de valor como factor esencial para el desarrollo de las empresas

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Janeth Moreira de Vélez

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El análisis de la cadena de valor es una herramienta  moderna,  útil para establecer  los puntos fuertes y débiles en las actividades  de las empresas, pues  basa su  accionar  en  un análisis  interno detallado  de  los distintos "centros de actividad", y dentro de cada uno de ellos, de las actividades más representativas que despliegan las empresas en el día a día. La aplicación de ésta   herramienta  es  completamente  universal,  y no  se  circunscribe solamente   dentro  de  las  grandes  empresas  extranjeras y/o  nacionales, motivo por  el que,  la Dirección  de  la  Carrera de Administración de la Facultad  de Ciencias Administrativas y Económicas  de  la  Universidad Técnica de Manabí ha emprendido en un proyecto de investigacion titulado "Identificación  y Análisis  de  la  Cadena   de   Valor  de  los  negocios agroindustriales que aportan mayoritariamente al PIB de la provincia de Manabi.  Período  2008-2011 "  con  la  colaboración  de  los  docentes  y estudiantes de los últimos niveles  de  la carrera,  a efectos de demostrar también,  la  utilidad   del  análisis  de  la  cadena  de  valor  como factor fundamental para el desarrollo de la agroindustria en Manabi.

Predictors of Suicidal Ideation among High School Students by Gender in South Korea

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Park, Hyun Sook; Schepp, Karen G.; Jang, Eun Hee; Koo, Hyun Young

2006-01-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the evidence to determine if there are gender differences in suicidal ideation of adolescents. This study examined the main effect of risk factors from 5 domains and protective factors from 1 domain in relation to suicidal ideation by gender and identified the most important predictors of suicidal ideation…

Predictors and effects of patellofemoral pain following hamstring-tendon ACL reconstruction.

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Culvenor, Adam G; Collins, Natalie J; Vicenzino, Bill; Cook, Jill L; Whitehead, Timothy S; Morris, Hayden G; Crossley, Kay M

2016-07-01

Patellofemoral pain is a frequent and troublesome complication following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), irrespective of graft source. Yet, little is known about the factors associated with patellofemoral pain following hamstring-tendon ACLR. Retrospective analysis of potential patellofemoral pain predictors, and cross-sectional analysis of possible patellofemoral pain consequences. Potential predictors (pre-injury patellofemoral pain and activity level, concomitant patellofemoral cartilage damage and meniscectomy, age, sex, and surgical delay) and consequences (hopping performance, quality of life, kinesiophobia, and return to sport rates and attitudes) of patellofemoral pain 12 months following hamstring-tendon ACLR were assessed in 110 participants using univariate and multivariate analyses. Thirty-three participants (30%) had patellofemoral pain at 12 months post-ACLR. Older age at the time of ACLR was the only predictor of post-operative patellofemoral pain. Following ACLR, those with patellofemoral pain had a higher body mass index, and worse physical performance, quality of life, kinesiophobia and return to sport attitudes. Patellofemoral pain has a significant burden on individuals 12 months following hamstring-tendon ACLR. Clinicians need to be cognisant of patellofemoral pain, particularly in older individuals and those with a higher body mass index. The importance of considering psychological factors that are not typically addressed during ACLR rehabilitation, such as kinesiophobia, quality of life and return to sport attitudes is emphasised. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Tornar-se pesquisador: a escolha profissional como um processo Para hacer un investigador: la opción profesional como de proceso Becoming a researcher: the professional choice as a process

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Rita de Cássia Ramos Louzada

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho apresenta dados de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada com pós-graduandos de um curso de excelência, na área biomédica. Como referencial teórico foram usadas, prioritariamente, as produções de Pierre Bourdieu. Nossos achados apontaram para a necessidade de enfocar a escolha profissional em ciências biomédicas como um processo, tendo em vista: (1 os inúmeros fatores que atravessam os percursos acadêmicos e (2 o impacto produzido pelas intensas transformações observadas no campo científico.Este trabajo presenta datos de una investigación cualitativa, llevado a través con pós-graduandos de un curso de excelencia, en el área biomédica. Fue utilizado como referencial teórico, con prioridad, las producciones de Pierre Bourdieu. Nuestros resultados habían señalado con respecto a la necesidad para enfocar la opción profesional en ciencias, como proceso, debido a: (1 los factores innumerables que cruzan los pasos académicos y (2 el impacto produjeron para las transformaciones intensas observadas en el campo científico.Data collected from a qualitative research carried out with postgraduate Biomedical students are provided. Theoretical framework constructed by Pierre Bourdieu was privileged. Results show the need to focus the professional choice in biomedical sciences as a process, bearing in mind: (1 the countless factors that pervade the academic trajectory and (2 the impact produced by deep transformations in the academic field.

Genetic and Psychosocial Predictors of Aggression: Variable Selection and Model Building With Component-Wise Gradient Boosting

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Robert Suchting

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Rationale: Given datasets with a large or diverse set of predictors of aggression, machine learning (ML provides efficient tools for identifying the most salient variables and building a parsimonious statistical model. ML techniques permit efficient exploration of data, have not been widely used in aggression research, and may have utility for those seeking prediction of aggressive behavior.Objectives: The present study examined predictors of aggression and constructed an optimized model using ML techniques. Predictors were derived from a dataset that included demographic, psychometric and genetic predictors, specifically FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5 polymorphisms, which have been shown to alter response to threatening stimuli, but have not been tested as predictors of aggressive behavior in adults.Methods: The data analysis approach utilized component-wise gradient boosting and model reduction via backward elimination to: (a select variables from an initial set of 20 to build a model of trait aggression; and then (b reduce that model to maximize parsimony and generalizability.Results: From a dataset of N = 47 participants, component-wise gradient boosting selected 8 of 20 possible predictors to model Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ total score, with R2 = 0.66. This model was simplified using backward elimination, retaining six predictors: smoking status, psychopathy (interpersonal manipulation and callous affect, childhood trauma (physical abuse and neglect, and the FKBP5_13 gene (rs1360780. The six-factor model approximated the initial eight-factor model at 99.4% of R2.Conclusions: Using an inductive data science approach, the gradient boosting model identified predictors consistent with previous experimental work in aggression; specifically psychopathy and trauma exposure. Additionally, allelic variants in FKBP5 were identified for the first time, but the relatively small sample size limits generality of results and calls for

Predictors of Swimming Ability among Children and Adolescents in the United States

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Jennifer Pharr

2018-02-01

Full Text Available Swimming is an important source of physical activity and a life skill to prevent drowning. However, little research has been conducted to understand predictors of swimming ability. The purpose of this study was to understand factors that predict swimming ability among children and adolescents in the United States (US. This was a cross-sectional survey conducted between February and April of 2017 across five geographically diverse cities. Participants were accessed through the Young Christian Men’s Association (YMCA and included parents of children aged 4–11 years old and adolescents aged 12–17 years old. Independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA, and univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. Several factors were significant (p ≤ 0.05 predictors of swimming ability and explained 53% of the variance in swimming ability. Variables that were positively associated with swimming ability included: ability of parent(s to swim, child/adolescent age, a best friend who enjoys swimming, water-safety knowledge, pool open all year, and encouragement to swim from parent(s. Variables that were negatively associated with swimming ability included: fear of drowning, being African American, and being female. Interventions and programs to improve the swimming ability of children and adolescents could be developed with these predictors in mind.

Predictors of health plan satisfaction among employees in an academic setting.

Science.gov (United States)

Dembe, Allard E; Lu, Bo; Sieck, Cynthia J

2010-01-01

This study's goal was to identify the strongest predictors of satisfaction with a health plan offered to employees at a large university in the Midwestern United States. Survey responses from 1533 employees were analyzed (response rate of 51.2%). Unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to identify factors that were statistically associated with plan satisfaction. Multivariate logistic regression analyses followed by likelihood ratio testing were conducted to assess the predictive value of particular variables. The strongest predictors of satisfaction with the health plan were the perceived quality of the plan's wellness and prevention services (OR = 3.69), having a personal doctor or nurse (OR = 2.70), being satisfied with the cost of the health plan (OR = 2.18), and having claims handled correctly (OR = 1.90). The factors that have the greatest individual effect on these findings were the quality of the plan's prevention and wellness services and how effectively the plan communicated how much particular services or visits would cost.

EDAD, CONSCIENCIA E INTERIORIZACIÓN DEL IDEAL CORPORAL COMO PREDICTORES DE INSATISFACCIÓN Y CONDUCTAS ALIMENTARIAS ANÓMALAS/ AGE, AWARENESS AND INTERNALIZATION OF BODY IDEAL AS PREDICTORS OF BODY DISSATISFACTION AND DISORDERED EATING BEHAVIORS/ IDADE, CONSCIÊNCIA E INTERIORIZAÇÃO DO IDEAL CORPORAL COMO PREDITORES DE INSATISFAÇÃO E CONDUTAS ALIMENTARES ANÔMALAS

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Adriana Amaya Hernández

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Este estudio indaga si la edad, la consciencia y la interiorización del ideal corporal predicen la insatisfacción corporal y las conductas alimentarias anómalas, en una muestra de 144 mujeres y 138 hombres, en dos grupos de diferentes edades (9-12 y 13-15 años. Para tal fin se aplicaron tres cuestionarios: Cuestionario de Imagen Corporal, Test Infantil de Actitudes Alimentarias y Cuestionario de Actitudes Socioculturales hacia la Apariencia. Mediante un modelo hipotético, que se probó a través de un path análisis, se concluye que la edad es un predictor directo de la insatisfacción corporal y las conductas alimentarias anómalas en los hombres, mientras que la interiorización del ideal corporal es el principal predictor de la insatisfacción corporal en ambos sexos.

“Everyone Needs a Friend Sometimes” – Social Predictors of Long-term Remission In first Episode psychosis

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Jone Bjornestad

2016-10-01

Full Text Available BackgroundPredictors of long-term symptomatic remission are crucial to the successful tailoring of treatment in first episode psychosis. There is lack of studies distinguishing the predictive effects of different social factors. This prevents a valid evaluating of their independent effects.ObjectivesTo test specific social baseline predictors of long-term remission. We hypothesized that first, satisfaction with social relations predicts remission; second, that frequency of social interaction predicts remission; and third, that the effect of friend relationship satisfaction and frequency will be greater than that of family relations satisfaction and frequency.Material and MethodsA sample of first episode psychosis (n=186 completed baseline measures of social functioning, as well as clinical assessments. We compared groups of remitted and non-remitted individuals using generalized estimating equations analyses.ResultsFrequency of social interaction with friends was a significant positive predictor of remission over a two-year period. Neither global perceived social satisfaction nor frequency of family interaction showed significant effects. ConclusionsThe study findings are of particular clinical importance since frequency of friendship interaction is a possibly malleable factor. Frequency of interaction could be affected through behavioral modification and therapy already from an early stage in the course, and thus increase remission rates.KeywordsFirst-Episode Psychosis, Schizophrenia, Social factors, Baseline predictors, Long-term remission.

Early Predictors of Eating Problems in Preadolescence

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Munkholm, Anja; Olsen, Else Marie; Rask, Charlotte Ulrikka

2016-01-01

Purpose: The epidemiology of childhood eating problems is far from being fully described. The present study aims to explore early predictors of eating behavior problems in preadolescence. Methods: The study sample comprised 1,939 children from the birth cohort study, the Copenhagen Child Cohort...... interval [CI] = 1.13–6.77; p = .03), with overweight at age 11–12 years and low annual household income as strong explanatory factors (OR = 4.79; 95% CI = 2.81–8.17; p early child...

Age is no barrier: predictors of academic success in older learners

Science.gov (United States)

Imlach, Abbie-Rose; Ward, David D.; Stuart, Kimberley E.; Summers, Mathew J.; Valenzuela, Michael J.; King, Anna E.; Saunders, Nichole L.; Summers, Jeffrey; Srikanth, Velandai K.; Robinson, Andrew; Vickers, James C.

2017-11-01

Although predictors of academic success have been identified in young adults, such predictors are unlikely to translate directly to an older student population, where such information is scarce. The current study aimed to examine cognitive, psychosocial, lifetime, and genetic predictors of university-level academic performance in older adults (50-79 years old). Participants were mostly female (71%) and had a greater than high school education level (M = 14.06 years, SD = 2.76), on average. Two multiple linear regression analyses were conducted. The first examined all potential predictors of grade point average (GPA) in the subset of participants who had volunteered samples for genetic analysis (N = 181). Significant predictors of GPA were then re-examined in a second multiple linear regression using the full sample (N = 329). Our data show that the cognitive domains of episodic memory and language processing, in conjunction with midlife engagement in cognitively stimulating activities, have a role in predicting academic performance as measured by GPA in the first year of study. In contrast, it was determined that age, IQ, gender, working memory, psychosocial factors, and common brain gene polymorphisms linked to brain function, plasticity and degeneration (APOE, BDNF, COMT, KIBRA, SERT) did not influence academic performance. These findings demonstrate that ageing does not impede academic achievement, and that discrete cognitive skills as well as lifetime engagement in cognitively stimulating activities can promote academic success in older adults.

A smart predictor for material property testing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, Wilson; Kanneg, Derek

2008-01-01

A reliable predictor is very useful for real-world industrial applications to forecast the future behavior of dynamic systems. A smart predictor, based on a novel recurrent neural fuzzy (RNF) scheme, is developed in this paper for multi-step-ahead prediction of material properties. A systematic investigation based on two benchmark data sets is conducted in terms of performance and efficiency. Analysis results reveal that, of the data-driven forecasting schemes, predictors based on step input patterns outperform those based on sequential input patterns; the RNF predictor outperforms those based on recurrent neural networks and ANFIS schemes in multi-step-ahead prediction of nonlinear time series. An adaptive Levenberg–Marquardt training technique is adopted to improve the robustness and convergence of the RNF predictor. Furthermore, the proposed smart predictor is implemented for material property testing. Investigation results show that the developed RNF predictor is a reliable forecasting tool for material property testing; it can capture and track the system's dynamic characteristics quickly and accurately. It is also a robust predictor to accommodate different system conditions

Número ideal de filhos como fator de risco para laqueadura tubária Ideal number of children as a risk factor for tubal ligation

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Luiz Eduardo Campos de Carvalho

2004-12-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a associação entre o número ideal de filhos (NIF e a realização da laqueadura. Foi feito um estudo de caso-controle aninhado, com base em uma análise secundária de dados obtidos em um estudo de coorte sobre a saúde reprodutiva de mulheres em Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, que teve como sujeitos 3.878 mulheres, das quais 1.012 eram laqueadas (casos. A relação entre NIF e o número de nascidos vivos (NV foi dividida em duas categorias (NIF > NV e NIF ¾ NV. Foram calculados os riscos relativos estimados (odds ratio para a realização de laqueadura e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança (IC 95% para a relação NIF/NV, estratificando-se para outras dez variáveis. Todas as variáveis preditoras foram incluídas em um modelo de regressão logística para identificar os fatores independentemente associados à esterilização definitiva. Observou-se que o risco de laqueadura foi maior entre as mulheres com NIF The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the association between ideal number of children (INC and female sterilization. A nested case-control study was performed through a secondary analysis of data from a cohort study on the reproductive health of women in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 3,878 women were included, 1,012 being sterilized (cases. The relationship between INC and number of live births (LB was divided in two categories (INC > LB and INC ¾ LB. The relative risks of performing tubal ligation were calculated (odds ratio with their respective 95% confidence intervals for the relation INC/LB and all control variables. All predictor variables were included in a logistic regression model in order to identify the factors independently associated with female sterilization. The results showed that the risks of tubal ligation were higher among women with INC < LB, higher age, with partners, higher family income, more than two previous pregnancies, more deliveries, fewer abortions

Emotional Intelligence and Personality Traits as Predictors of Occupational Therapy students' Practice Education Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Brown, Ted; Williams, Brett; Etherington, Jamie

2016-12-01

This study investigated whether occupational therapy students' emotional intelligence and personality traits are predictive of specific aspects of their fieldwork performance. A total of 114 second and third year undergraduate occupational therapy students (86.6% response rate) completed the Genos Emotional Intelligence Inventory (Genos EI) and the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI). Fieldwork performance scores were obtained from the Student Practice Evaluation Form Revised (SPEF-R). Linear regressions were completed with the SPEF-R domains being the dependent variables and the Genos EI and TIPI factors being the independent variables. Regression analysis results revealed that the Genos EI subscales of Emotional Management of Others (EMO), Emotional Awareness of Others (EAO), Emotional Expression (EEX) and Emotional Reasoning (ERE) were significant predictors of various domains of students' fieldwork performance. EAO and ERE were significant predictors of students' Communication Skills accounting for 4.6% of its variance. EMO, EAO, EEX and ERE were significant predictors of students' Documentation Skills explaining 6.8% of its variance. EMO was a significant predictor of students' Professional Behaviour accounting for 3.2% of its variance. No TIPI factors were found to be significant predictors of the SPEF-R domains. Occupational therapy students' emotional intelligence was a significant predictor of components of their fieldwork performance while students' personality traits were not. The convenience sampling approach used, small sample size recruited and potential issue of social desirability of the self-reported Genos EI and TIPI data are acknowledged as study limitations. It is recommended that other studies be completed to investigate if any other relevant constructs or factors are predictive of occupational therapy students' fieldwork performance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Predictors of cerebral venous thrombosis and arterial ischemic stroke in young Asian women.

Science.gov (United States)

Wasay, Mohammad; Saadatnia, Mohammad; Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy; Kaul, Subhash; Menon, Bindu; Gunaratne, Padma; Malik, Abdul; Mehmood, Kauser; Ahmed, Shahzad; Awan, Safia; Mehndiratta, M M

2012-11-01

The management and outcome of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) may be different from that of arterial ischemic stroke (AIS). Clinically differentiating the 2 diseases on clinical grounds may be difficult. The main objective of this study was to identify predictors differentiating CVT from AIS in a large cohort of young Asian women, based on risk factors and investigations. Twelve centers in 8 Asian countries participated. Women aged 15-45 years were included if they had a diagnosis of first-ever symptomatic AIS or CVT confirmed by brain computed tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance venography. Patients with head trauma, cerebral contusions, intracranial hemorrhage, and subarachnoid or subdural hemorrhage were excluded. Data, including demographic data, risk factor assessment, neuroimaging studies, blood tests, and cardiac studies, were collected by retrospective and then prospective chart review between January 2001 and July 2008. Outcome was based on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at admission, discharge, and latest follow-up. A total of 958 patients (204 with CVT and 754 with AIS) were included in the study. Age under 36 years, anemia, pregnancy or postpartum state, and presence of hemorrhagic infarcts on computed tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging were significant predictors of CVT on univariate analysis. Age over 36 years, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, recent myocardial infarction, electrocardiogram abnormalities, and blood glucose level >150 mg/dL were strong predictors of AIS. On multivariate analysis, postpartum state and hemorrhagic infarct were the strongest predictors of CVT (P Asian women, predictors of CVT differ from those for AIS. These findings could be useful in the early identification and diagnosis of patients with CVT. Copyright © 2012 National Stroke Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Las directrices del costo como fuentes de ventajas competitivas.

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José Reinel Bermeo Muñoz

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo pretende describir con el mayor detalle y actualización posible el comportamiento de los costos dentro de una actividad de valor con base en los diez factores estructurales que influyen en el costo, denominados por Michael E. Porter (1985, como guías o directrices del costo en su libro La Ventaja Competitiva. Estas directrices actúan como fuentes directas para establecer y sostener el posicionamiento estratégico asumido por la empresa, para determinar la posición relativa de costos y para explicar, en gran parte, la generación temporal de valor en las diversas actividades desarrolladas a lo largo de la cadena de valor. Por esto constituyen uno de los fundamentos para explicar las diferencias de resultados entre empresas pertenecientes al mismo sector de actividad económica y fuentes de ventajas competitivas sostenibles.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha versus LH and androstendione as a reliable predictor of spontaneous ovulation after laparoscopic ovarian drilling for women with clomiphene citrate resistance polycystic ovarian disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Seyam, Emaduldin; Hefzy, Enas

2018-03-01

Laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) is still a controversial decision; due to the long term hazards; so short and long term predictors after the procedure should be taken in consideration. The aim of this work was to investigate the role of the serum level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and other polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) relevant clinical and biochemical factors as a predictor of spontaneous ovulation after laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) in women with clomiphene citrate resistant polycystic ovarian disease (CCR-PCOD). It was a prospective research work, where 150 infertile women with CCR-PCOD had been recruited. TNF-α serum level, which is an inflammatory biomarker, was investigated in addition to other PCOD relevant clinical and biochemical parameters as possible predictors of successful spontaneous ovulation and subsequent pregnancy after LOD. Recruited women with higher preoperative levels of TNF-α, LH, and androstenedione had significantly higher rates of spontaneous ovulation within the first three months follow up after LOD, in contrast to obese women with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, long duration of infertility ≥3 years, marked biochemical hyperandrogenism (testosterone levels ≥4.5 nmol/L, free androgen index ≥15), and high insulin resistance (IR). Ninty five (95 = 63.3%) women in between women regularly menstruated (105 = 70%) had spontaneous ovulation, and of those spontaneously ovulated, 35(36.8%) women got pregnant spontaneously during the first 3 months follow up. Extended follow up for 12 months period revealed that 61 women got pregnant, with cumulative pregnancy rate of 58%. Logistic regression showed that the best cut-off values for spontaneous ovulation after LOD were 65.1 pg/ml, 11.5 IU/l, and 3.1 ng/ml and with a sensitivity of 91%, 88%, 55%, and with a specificity of 85%, 79%, 78%, for TNF-α, LH, androstenedione serum level respectively. TNF-α, LH, and Androstenedione could be considered as reliable

Trastornos de la conducta alimentaria como factor de riesgo para osteoporosis Eating disorders as risk factors for osteoporosis

OpenAIRE

Ma Teresa Rivera-Gallardo; Ma del Socorro Parra-Cabrera; Jorge Armando Barriguete-Meléndez

2005-01-01

Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria son comunes en mujeres jóvenes con una prevalencia estimada de entre 4-5%. La pérdida de masa ósea es una complicación física de la anorexia nervosa y trastorno alimentario no especificado que afecta tanto a hueso cortical como trabecular. El efecto sinérgico de la desnutrición y la deficiencia de estrógenos produce una pérdida de masa ósea a través del desacoplamiento entre resorción osteoclástica y formación osteoblástica. La severidad varía dependi...

Estilos parentales como predictores de ideación suicida en estudiantes adolescentes

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Aurora Pérez Quiroz

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar en qué medida los estilos parentales predicen la ideación suicida en adolescentes estudiantes de bachilleratos en instituciones públicas en México. Participaron en este estudio 172 hombres y 226 mujeres con rangos de edad entre 15 y 17 años. Se aplicó una escala de estilos parentales propuesta por Andrade y Betancourt (2008 y se desarrolló una escala para medir la ideación suicida. Los resultados indican que la ideación suicida y los sentimientos de soledad se presentan en mayor porcentaje en las mujeres que en los varones. Se observaron correlaciones significativas entre los estilos parentales del padre con el control psicológico en los varones (0,219** y en mujeres (0,396**; al analizar los estilos parentales de la madre no se identificaron correlaciones significativas en los hombres, pero sí en la mujeres, y el control psicologico se correlaciona altamente con la presencia de ideación suicida (0,405**. Respecto a los factores que predicen la ideación suicida en hombres y mujeres, se identificó que el afecto/comunicación y el control psicológico son un factor de riesgo (079 en los hombres y 33,5 en las mujeres. Finalmente, las mujeres se muestran con mayor vulnerabilidad y el control psicológico parece ser una práctica de riesgo en los padres para que sus hijos desarrollen ideas suicidas.

Predictors of HbA1c levels in patients initiating metformin

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Martono, Doti P; Hak, Eelko; Lambers Heerspink, Hiddo; Wilffert, Bob; Denig, Petra

2016-01-01

Objective: The aim was to assess demographic and clinical factors as predictors of short (6 months) and long term (18 months) HbA1c levels in diabetes patients initiating metformin treatment. Research design and methods: We conducted a cohort study including type 2 diabetes patients who received

NECESSITY FACTORS AND PREDICTORS OF DENTAL CROWDING TREATMENT

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Georgeta ZEGAN

2015-09-01

Full Text Available The aim of the study was to identify the significant necessity and predictive factors of dental crowding treatment, on 422 subjects (165 boys and 257 girls from the North-East part of Romania. Correlations have been established between dental crowding and age, dentition, Angle class of malocclusions, the etiological factors, types and modalities of treatments, and types of orthodontic appliances employed (p0.05. The necessity and predictive factors of the treatment were adequate with age, dentition, severity of crowding and Angle class of malocclusion.

Severe virus associated community acquired pneumonia: predictors of lethality

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T. O. Pertseva

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Despite the fact that the influenza virus pathogenicity factors have been well studied in vitro, in vivo lack is presented in understanding of the those risk factors, objective and laboratory parameters, which related most of all to the fatal virus-associated community-aquired pneumonia (CAP. That is why the purpose of the study was to study the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with severe virus-associated CAP during the 2015–2016 influenza epidemic and their role as predictors of patients’ mortality. To do this, patients with severe virus-associated CAP were examined. They were divided into 2 groups depending on the outcome of treatment: 1st- deaths from the virus-associated severe CAP and 2nd - patients with successful treatment of the severe virus-associated CAP. Special statistical method was used – one-dimensional analysis of variance to compare individual parameters between the two groups of patients (surviving and deceased. Pearson χ2 test (contingency table was used for categorical variables. Factors that were significant predictors of mortality as a result of univariate analysis were tested using multifactorial analysis using logistic regression. In the final model, each parameter must have had a significant impact on mortality. It was found that risk factors for death in patients with severe virus-associated CAP according to univariate analysis were: presence of obesity, disorders of consciousness, BH≥35 min, SaO2<80%, PaO2<50 mm Hg, mmHg PaCO2 ≥50 mmHg during hospitalization. Independent predictors of mortality according to the logistic regression are the presence of obesity, disorders of consciousness, PaO2<50 mm Hg, mmHg PaCO2 ≥50 mmHg. Given that among clinical and laboratory parameters key parameters that significantly influence the outcome, are indicators of the severity of hypoxia and hypoxemia, a major step in determining the severity of the patients with virus-associated severe emergency is

Critical thinking skills of undergraduate nursing students: description and demographic predictors.

Science.gov (United States)

Hunter, Sharyn; Pitt, Victoria; Croce, Nic; Roche, Jan

2014-05-01

This study investigated the critical thinking skills among undergraduate nursing students in Australia to obtain a profile and determine demographic predictors of critical thinking. There is universal agreement that being a critical thinker is an outcome requirement for many accreditation and registering nursing bodies. Most studies provide descriptive statistical information about critical thinking skills while some have studied the changes in critical thinking after an intervention. Limited research about factors that predict critical thinking skills is available. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using convenience sampling. Two hundred and sixty-nine students were recruited across three years of an undergraduate programme in 2009. Most students' age ranged from under 20 to 34 years (58%), 87% were female, 91% were Australian and 23% of first and second year students had nursing associated experience external to the university. Data about critical thinking skills were collected via the Health Science Reasoning Test (HSRT). Linear regression analysis investigated the predictors of nursing students' critical thinking skills. The students in third year had a profile of critical thinking skills comparable with HSRT norms. Year of study predicted higher critical thinking scores for all domains (p<0.001) except the subscale, analysis. Nationality predicted higher scores for total CT skill scores (p<0.001) and subscales, inductive (p=0.001) and deductive reasoning (p=0.001). Nursing associated experience predicted higher scores for the subscale, analysis (p<0.001). Age and gender were not predictive. However, these demographic predictors only accounted for a small variance obtained for the domains of CT skills. An understanding of factors that predict nursing students' CT skills is required. Despite this study finding a number of significant predictors of nursing students' CT skills, there are others yet to be understood. Future research is recommended

Modelo causal de los factores asociados al aprendizaje autorregulado como mediador del rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios

OpenAIRE

Ramírez Dorantes, María del Carmen

2016-01-01

El objetivo general de esta investigación fue medir, describir, relacionar y analizar las estrategias cognitivas, metacognitivas y contextuales así como la motivación hacia el aprendizaje de estudiantes universitarios mexicanos, y su relación con diversas variables educativas y socio-familiares como determinantes del rendimiento académico en la universidad, desde la teoría social-cognitiva del aprendizaje autorregulado. Mediante la aplicación y el análisis posterior de las bases de datos inst...

La cultura como verdad: pobreza latinoamericana

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Ana María Rocchietti

2000-04-01

Full Text Available El artículo parte de un balance crítico de la obra Antropología de la Pobreza, del antropólogo Oscar Lewis para analizar el concepto de pobreza en América Latina. Se argumenta que la cultura de la pobreza ofrece la posibilidad de incluir a las formaciones simbólicas de las tradiciones vivientes y a las que emergen en la existencia comunitaria de los pobres como un factor de peso en la evolución de las relaciones de fuerza entre las clases subalternas y las clases dominantes; entre los sectores populares rurales y urbanos y los gobiernos; entre las formaciones sociales nacionales y el imperialismo.

Predictors of Vitamin D Deficiency in Predialysis Patients with Stage ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Objective: Vitamin D status and risk factors of Vitamin D deficiency in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in China have been seldom reported before. In this study, we aim to investigate serum 25‑hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status and find the predictors of Vitamin D deficiency in predialysis patients with Stage 3–5 CKDs ...

DIABETES MELLITUS COMO FACTOR DE RIESGO DE DEMENCIA EN LA POBLACIÓN ADULTA MAYOR MEXICANA

Science.gov (United States)

Silvia, Mejía-Arango; Clemente, y Zúñiga-Gil

2012-01-01

Introduccion La diabetes mellitus y las demencias constituyen dos problemas crecientes de salud entre la población adulta mayor del mundo y en particular de los paises en desarrollo. Hacen falta estudios longitudinales sobre el papel de la diabetes como factor de riesgo para demencia. Objetivo Determinar el riesgo de demencia en sujetos Mexicanos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Materiales y Metodos Los sujetos diabéticos libres de demencia pertenecientes al Estudio Nacional de Salud y Envejecimiento en México fueron evaluados a los dos años de la línea de base. Se estudió el papel de los factores sociodemográficos, de otras comorbilidades y del tipo de tratamiento en la conversión a demencia. Resultados Durante la línea de base 749 sujetos (13.8%) tuvieron diabetes. El riesgo de desarrollar demencia en estos individuos fue el doble (RR, 2.08 IC 95%, 1.59–2.73). Se encontró un riesgo mayor en individuos de 80 años y más (RR 2.44 IC 95%, 1.46–4.08), en los hombres (RR, 2.25 IC 95%, 1.46–3.49) y en sujetos con nivel educativo menor de 7 años. El estar bajo tratamiento con insulina incrementó el riesgo de demencia (RR, 2.83, IC 95%, 1.58–5.06). Las otras comorbilidades que aumentaron el riesgo de demencia en los pacientes diabéticos fueron la hipertensión (RR, 2.75, IC 95%, 1.86–4.06) y la depresión (RR, 3.78, 95% IC 2.37–6.04). Conclusión Los sujetos con diabetes mellitus tienen un riesgo mayor de desarrollar demencia, La baja escolaridad y otras comorbilidades altamente prevalentes en la población Mexicana contribuyen a la asociación diabetes-demencia. PMID:21948010

A Longitudinal Study of the Predictors of Procedural Justice in Australian University Staff

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Silvia Pignata

2016-08-01

Full Text Available Purpose - This study examined the factors that predict employees’ perceptions of procedural justice in university settings. The paper also reviews the ethical aspects of justice and psychological contracts within employment relationships. Design/Methodology/Approach - The study examined the predictors of perceived procedural justice in a two-wave longitudinal sample of 945 employees from 13 universities by applying the Job Demands-Resources theoretical model of stress. The proposed predictors were classified into two categories: job demands of work pressure and work-home conflict; and job resources of job security, autonomy, trust in senior management, and trust in supervisor. The predictor model also examined job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment, demographic (age, gender, tenure, role and individual characteristics (negative affectivity, job involvement as well as Time 1 (T1 perceptions of procedural justice to ensure that tests were rigorous. Findings - A series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses found that job satisfaction at T1 was the strongest predictor of perceived procedural justice at Time 2. Employees' trust in senior management, and their length of tenure also positively predicted justice perceptions. There were also differences between academic and non-academic staff groups, as non-academic employees' level of job satisfaction, trust in senior management and their length of organizational tenure predicted procedural justice perceptions, whereas for academics, only job satisfaction predicted perceived justice. For the all staff category, job satisfaction was a dominant and enduring predictor of justice, and employees' trust in senior management also predicted justice. Research limitations/implications - Results highlight the importance of workplace factors in enhancing fair procedures to encourage reciprocity from employees. As perceived procedural justice is also conceptually linked to the

[A systematic review of the predictors of return to work following vocational retraining].

Science.gov (United States)

Streibelt, M; Egner, U

2013-04-01

Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) is an essential element of interventions aimed at re-integrating people with work disability into work. In this context, vocational retraining is of special importance. However, the success of vocational retraining, represented by subsequent returning to work (RTW), is only to a limited extent attributable to intervention quality. Apart from methodical influences participant-related as well as context-related attributes are discussed as influencing factors. To know these RTW predictors is a necessary condition for a valid comparative evaluation of intervention quality. A structured literature search was conducted. All studies meeting the following criteria were included: publication between 2006 and 2011; context: German rehabilitation system and vocational retraining; multivariate analysis of RTW predictors. The evidence for or against the influence of a predictor was rated as strong if more than 75% of the models, and moderate if more than 50% of the models reported or excluded a significant relationship between predictor and RTW. All predictors included in more than 2 studies were considered in this review. 15 publications from 6 studies were included in the analysis. Due to differentiation of the models between different types of retraining the evidence was based on 9 prediction models. Strong evidence of an effect on RTW can be assumed for income before admission, subjective health rating and regular completion of retraining. There is moderate evidence for an effect of age and target job. Strong evidence against an effect on RTW is found for employment and occupational status before admission. There is moderate evidence against an RTW effect of sex, education and locus of control. Ambiguous evidence is obtained for the local job market, the type of retraining, social support and mobility. For the first time the review provides findings on the relevant influence factors of RTW following vocational retraining. These findings on the

Predictors of student success in entry-level science courses

Science.gov (United States)

Singh, Mamta K.

Although the educational evaluation process is useful and valuable and is supported by the Higher Education Act, a strong research base for program evaluation of college entry-level science courses is still lacking. Studies in science disciplines such as, biology, chemistry, and physics have addressed various affective and demographic factors and their relationships to student achievement. However, the literature contains little information that specifically addresses student biology content knowledge skills (basics and higher order thinking skills) and identifies factors that affect students' success in entry-level college science courses. These gate-keeping courses require detailed evaluation if the goal of an institution is to increase students' performance and success in these courses. These factors are, in fact, a stepping stone for increasing the number of graduates in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) majors. The present study measured students' biology content knowledge and investigated students' performance and success in college biology, chemistry, and physics entry-level courses. Seven variables---gender, ethnicity, high school Grade Point Average (GPA), high school science, college major, school financial aid support, and work hours were used as independent variables and course final performance as a dichotomous dependent variable. The sample comprised voluntary student participants in entry-level science courses. The study attempted to explore eight research questions. Content knowledge assessments, demographic information analysis, multiple regression analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis were used to address research questions. The results suggested that high school GPA was a consistently good predictor of students' performance and success in entry-level science courses. Additionally, high school chemistry was a significant predictor variable for student success in entry-level biology and chemistry courses

Predictors and overestimation of recalled mobile phone use among children and adolescents.

Science.gov (United States)

Aydin, Denis; Feychting, Maria; Schüz, Joachim; Andersen, Tina Veje; Poulsen, Aslak Harbo; Prochazka, Michaela; Klæboe, Lars; Kuehni, Claudia E; Tynes, Tore; Röösli, Martin

2011-12-01

A growing body of literature addresses possible health effects of mobile phone use in children and adolescents by relying on the study participants' retrospective reconstruction of mobile phone use. In this study, we used data from the international case-control study CEFALO to compare self-reported with objectively operator-recorded mobile phone use. The aim of the study was to assess predictors of level of mobile phone use as well as factors that are associated with overestimating own mobile phone use. For cumulative number and duration of calls as well as for time since first subscription we calculated the ratio of self-reported to operator-recorded mobile phone use. We used multiple linear regression models to assess possible predictors of the average number and duration of calls per day and logistic regression models to assess possible predictors of overestimation. The cumulative number and duration of calls as well as the time since first subscription of mobile phones were overestimated on average by the study participants. Likelihood to overestimate number and duration of calls was not significantly different for controls compared to cases (OR=1.1, 95%-CI: 0.5 to 2.5 and OR=1.9, 95%-CI: 0.85 to 4.3, respectively). However, likelihood to overestimate was associated with other health related factors such as age and sex. As a consequence, such factors act as confounders in studies relying solely on self-reported mobile phone use and have to be considered in the analysis. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Predictors of depression stigma

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Jorm Anthony F

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background To investigate and compare the predictors of personal and perceived stigma associated with depression. Method Three samples were surveyed to investigate the predictors: a national sample of 1,001 Australian adults; a local community sample of 5,572 residents of the Australian Capital Territory and Queanbeyan aged 18 to 50 years; and a psychologically distressed subset (n = 487 of the latter sample. Personal and Perceived Stigma were measured using the two subscales of the Depression Stigma Scale. Potential predictors included demographic variables (age, gender, education, country of birth, remoteness of residence, psychological distress, awareness of Australia's national depression initiative beyondblue, depression literacy and level of exposure to depression. Not all predictors were used for all samples. Results Personal stigma was consistently higher among men, those with less education and those born overseas. It was also associated with greater current psychological distress, lower prior contact with depression, not having heard of a national awareness raising initiative, and lower depression literacy. These findings differed from those for perceived stigma except for psychological distress which was associated with both higher personal and higher perceived stigma. Remoteness of residence was not associated with either type of stigma. Conclusion The findings highlight the importance of treating the concepts of personal and perceived stigma separately in designing measures of stigma, in interpreting the pattern of findings in studies of the predictors of stigma, and in designing, interpreting the impact of and disseminating interventions for stigma.

Predictors of Work Participation of Young Adults with Mild Intellectual Disabilities

Science.gov (United States)

Holwerda, Anja; van der Klink, Jac J. L.; de Boer, Michiel R.; Groothoff, Johan W.; Brouwer, Sandra

2013-01-01

Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) are three to four times less often employed compared to their non-disabled peers. Evidence for factors associated with work participation of young adults with ID is limited. Furthermore, studies on predictors for sustainable work participation among young adults with ID is lacking altogether.…

Beyond Financial Need: Predictors of Student Loans and Student Loan Attitudes

Science.gov (United States)

Norvilitis, Jill M.; Bat, Meghan J.

2016-01-01

Although public concern about student loan debt has been increasing, little research has examined predictors of debt beyond financial need or demographic factors. The present study explored the role of several psychological and attitudinal variables in student loan debt among 189 college students. Results indicate that loan initiative and loan…

Clinical predictors of central sleep apnea evoked by positive airway pressure titration

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Moro M

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Marilyn Moro,1 Karen Gannon,1 Kathy Lovell,1 Margaret Merlino,1 James Mojica,2 Matt T Bianchi,1,3 1Neurology Department, 2Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; 3Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Purpose: Treatment-emergent central sleep apnea (TECSA, also called complex apnea, occurs in 5%–15% of sleep apnea patients during positive airway pressure (PAP therapy, but the clinical predictors are not well understood. The goal of this study was to explore possible predictors in a clinical sleep laboratory cohort, which may highlight those at risk during clinical management.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 728 patients who underwent PAP titration (n=422 split night; n=306 two-night. Demographics and self-reported medical comorbidities, medications, and behaviors as well as standard physiological parameters from the polysomnography (PSG data were analyzed. We used regression analysis to assess predictors of binary presence or absence of central apnea index (CAI ≥5 during split PSG (SN-PSG versus full-night PSG (FN-PSG titrations.Results: CAI ≥5 was present in 24.2% of SN-PSG and 11.4% of FN-PSG patients during titration. Male sex, maximum continuous positive airway pressure, and use of bilevel positive airway pressure were predictors of TECSA, and rapid eye movement dominance was a negative predictor, for both SN-PSG and FN-PSG patients. Self-reported narcotics were a positive predictor of TECSA, and the time spent in stage N2 sleep was a negative predictor only for SN-PSG patients. Self-reported history of stroke and the CAI during the diagnostic recording predicted TECSA only for FN-PSG patients.Conclusion: Clinical predictors of treatment-evoked central apnea spanned demographic, medical history, sleep physiology, and titration factors. Improved predictive models may be increasingly important as diagnostic and therapeutic modalities move away from the

Clinical validation of chemotherapy predictors developed on global microRNA expression in the NCI60 cell line panel tested in ovarian cancer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Prahm, Kira Philipsen; Høgdall, Claus; Karlsen, Mona Aarenstrup

2017-01-01

RNA based predictors could predict resistance to chemotherapy in ovarian cancer, and to investigate if the predictors could be prognostic factors for progression free and overall survival. Methods Predictors of chemotherapy-resistance were developed based on correlation between miRNA expression...... and differences in measured growth inhibition in a variety of human cancer cell lines in the presence of Carboplatin, Paclitaxel and Docetaxel. These predictors were then, retrospectively, blindly validated in a cohort of 170 epithelial ovarian cancer patients treated with Carboplatin and Paclitaxel or Docetaxel...

Imagen corporal como factor de riesgo en los trastornos de la alimentación: una comparación transcultural entre México y España

OpenAIRE

G. GÓMEZ PERESMITRE; M. V. ACOSTA GARCIA

2000-01-01

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar factores de riesgo en trastornos de la alimentación, asociados con imagen corporal y con conducta alimentaria en muestras de mujeres estudiantes igualadas en edad y de diferentes culturas: la española y la mexicana. Los resultados se discuten a la luz de lo que nos aporta la literatura transcultural, y entre los hallazgos más importantes, se encontró que las mexicanas comparten un prototipo ideal de imagen corporal y que ante las mismas situacio...

"Factores de dificultad para el aprendizaje del inglés como lengua extranjera en estudiantes con bajo rendimiento en inglés de la Universidad Icesi".

OpenAIRE

Díaz Mejía, Diana Margarita

2014-01-01

El aprendizaje de una lengua es un proceso complejo. Para algunas personas éste se da sin mayores tropiezos, sin embargo, otros no tienen un buen desempeño y su aprendizaje encuentra múltiples dificultades. Diversos investigadores del área del aprendizaje de las lenguas extranjeras, han identificado que factores como la motivación, la ansiedad, los estilos de aprendizaje y las estrategias de estudio son clave en el desarrollo del aprendizaje. La presente investigación estudió de manera explor...

Psychosocial predictors of energy underreporting in a large doubly labeled water study.

Science.gov (United States)

Tooze, Janet A; Subar, Amy F; Thompson, Frances E; Troiano, Richard; Schatzkin, Arthur; Kipnis, Victor

2004-05-01

Underreporting of energy intake is associated with self-reported diet measures and appears to be selective according to personal characteristics. Doubly labeled water is an unbiased reference biomarker for energy intake that may be used to assess underreporting. Our objective was to determine which factors are associated with underreporting of energy intake on food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs) and 24-h dietary recalls (24HRs). The study participants were 484 men and women aged 40-69 y who resided in Montgomery County, MD. Using the doubly labeled water method to measure total energy expenditure, we considered numerous psychosocial, lifestyle, and sociodemographic factors in multiple logistic regression models for prediction of the probability of underreporting on the FFQ and 24HR. In the FFQ models, fear of negative evaluation, weight-loss history, and percentage of energy from fat were the best predictors of underreporting in women (R(2) = 0.09); body mass index, comparison of activity level with that of others of the same sex and age, and eating frequency were the best predictors in men (R(2) = 0.10). In the 24HR models, social desirability, fear of negative evaluation, body mass index, percentage of energy from fat, usual activity, and variability in number of meals per day were the best predictors of underreporting in women (R(2) = 0.22); social desirability, dietary restraint, body mass index, eating frequency, dieting history, and education were the best predictors in men (R(2) = 0.25). Although the final models were significantly related to underreporting on both the FFQ and the 24HR, the amount of variation explained by these models was relatively low, especially for the FFQ.

Match Statistics as Predictors of Team’s Performance in Elite competitive Handball. [Estadística del partido como predictor del rendimiento de equipo en el balonmano de élite].

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriel Daza

2017-04-01

Full Text Available The aim of the present study was to identify performance indicators able to predict victory in a handball match. A documental research was carried out based on data from 80 matches from the Men’s Handball World Championship, held in Qatar in 2015. Data was obtained from the International Handball Federation website. Reliability was determined through intra and inter-observer agreement. Our results show that the combination of attack, defense, and goalkeeper indicators adequately predicted winning a match. Specifically, the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that shots saved by other team’s goalkeeper, technical fouls, steals, and own goalkeeper’s saves were adequate predictors of team performance. We also analysed the cut-off points of key performance indicators that significantly predict the victory of a match. The study of objective performance indicators and their relationship with team outcome can be useful to trainers as a tool to assess different match features. Resumen El objetivo del presente estudio es identificar los indicadores de rendimiento que permiten predecir la victoria en un partido de balonmano. Se llevó a cabo un estudio documental basado en los datos de los 80 partidos del Campeonato Mundial de Balonmano Masculino, celebrado en Qatar en 2015. Los datos fueron recogidos por la Federación Internacional de Balonmano. Se calculó la fiabilidad intra e inter observador. Los resultados muestran que la combinación de indicadores de ataque, defensa y portero predijo adecuadamente ganar un partido. Específicamente, el análisis de regresión logística multivariante mostró que los lanzamientos parados por el portero del otro equipo, las faltas técnicas, los robos y las paradas del propio portero, eran predictores adecuados del rendimiento del equipo. Se establecieron puntos de corte a partir de los cuales aumenta significativamente la probabilidad de ganar el partido. El estudio de los indicadores de desempe

Predictors of CPAP compliance in different clinical settings: primary care versus sleep unit.

Science.gov (United States)

Nadal, Núria; de Batlle, Jordi; Barbé, Ferran; Marsal, Josep Ramon; Sánchez-de-la-Torre, Alicia; Tarraubella, Nuria; Lavega, Merce; Sánchez-de-la-Torre, Manuel

2018-03-01

Good adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment improves the patient's quality of life and decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Previous studies that have analyzed the adherence to CPAP were performed in a sleep unit (SU) setting. The involvement of primary care (PC) in the management of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients receiving CPAP treatment could introduce factors related to the adherence to treatment. The objective was to compare the baseline predictors of CPAP compliance in SU and PC settings. OSA patients treated with CPAP were followed for 6 months in SU or PC setting. We included baseline clinical and anthropometrical variables, the Epworth Sleep Scale (ESS) score, the quality of life index, and the Charlson index. A logistic regression was performed for each group to determine the CPAP compliance predictors. Discrimination and calibration were performed using the area under the curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow tests. We included 191 patients: 91 in the PC group and 100 in the SU group. In 74.9% of the patients, the compliance was ≥ 4 h per day, with 80% compliance in the SU setting and 69.2% compliance in the PC setting (p = 0.087). The predictors of CPAP compliance were different between SU and PC settings. Body mass index, ESS, and CPAP pressure were predictors in the SU setting, and ESS, gender, and waist circumference were predictors in the PC setting. The predictors of adequate CPAP compliance vary between SU and PC settings. Detecting compliance predictors could help in the planning of early interventions to improve CPAP adherence.

Predictors in Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy and behavioral stress management for severe health anxiety.

Science.gov (United States)

Hedman, Erik; Andersson, Erik; Lekander, Mats; Ljótsson, Brjánn

2015-01-01

Severe health anxiety can be effectively treated with exposure-based Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT), but information about which factors that predict outcome is scarce. Using data from a recently conducted RCT comparing ICBT (n = 79) with Internet-delivered behavioral stress management (IBSM) (n = 79) the presented study investigated predictors of treatment outcome. Analyses were conducted using a two-step linear regression approach and the dependent variable was operationalized both as end state health anxiety at post-treatment and as baseline-to post-treatment improvement. A hypothesis driven approach was used where predictors expected to influence outcome were based on a previous predictor study by our research group. As hypothesized, the results showed that baseline health anxiety and treatment adherence predicted both end state health anxiety and improvement. In addition, anxiety sensitivity, treatment credibility, and working alliance were significant predictors of health anxiety improvement. Demographic variables, i.e. age, gender, marital status, computer skills, educational level, and having children, had no significant predictive value. We conclude that it is possible to predict a substantial proportion of the outcome variance in ICBT and IBSM for severe health anxiety. The findings of the present study can be of high clinical value as they provide information about factors of importance for outcome in the treatment of severe health anxiety. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Predictors of public climate change awareness and risk perception around the world

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Tien Ming; Markowitz, Ezra M.; Howe, Peter D.; Ko, Chia-Ying; Leiserowitz, Anthony A.

2015-11-01

Climate change is a threat to human societies and natural ecosystems, yet public opinion research finds that public awareness and concern vary greatly. Here, using an unprecedented survey of 119 countries, we determine the relative influence of socio-demographic characteristics, geography, perceived well-being, and beliefs on public climate change awareness and risk perceptions at national scales. Worldwide, educational attainment is the single strongest predictor of climate change awareness. Understanding the anthropogenic cause of climate change is the strongest predictor of climate change risk perceptions, particularly in Latin America and Europe, whereas perception of local temperature change is the strongest predictor in many African and Asian countries. However, other key factors associated with public awareness and risk perceptions highlight the need to develop tailored climate communication strategies for individual nations. The results suggest that improving basic education, climate literacy, and public understanding of the local dimensions of climate change are vital to public engagement and support for climate action.

La razonabilidad como virtud

OpenAIRE

Muñoz Oliveira, Luis Humberto

2008-01-01

Consultable des del TDX Títol obtingut de la portada digitalitzada Esta tesis doctoral explora la idea de que la razonabilidad es una virtud fundamental para que las sociedades plurales puedan convertirse en, o mantenerse como, un sistema de cooperación donde la justicia sea posible. La hipótesis central es que la razonabilidad como virtud es una manera de ser tolerante de forma solidaria, es entender al conciudadano, escucharlo, saber que juntos acordaron las reglas de cooperación y ac...

Sexual violence, HSV-2 and HIV are important predictors for infertility in Rwanda

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Dhont, N.; van de Wijgert, J.; Luchters, S.; Muvunyi, C.; Vyankandondera, J.; Temmerman, M.

2010-01-01

In order to formulate cost-effective health interventions aimed at preventing infertility it is necessary to identify modifiable risk factors for infertility in sub-Saharan Africa. This case-control study examined potential predictors and their population attributable fraction (PAF%) for various

Josep Beuys : el arte como creencia y como salvación

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María López Ruido

1995-01-01

Full Text Available Joseph Beuys, nacido en Cléveris (Renania del Norte-Westfalia en 1921 y faliecido en Dusseldorf en 1986, posee una obra madura casi desde un primer momento. Superficialmente podríamos verla como el canto a sí mismo de un gran narcisista, donde sus experiencias y su persona son los grandes protagonistas. En una lectura más profunda, estos hechos personales no son más que el medio para ir más allá del yo y dar lugar a una creación plástica de trascendencia social. Tras la 2- Guerra Mundial, en la que lucha como piloto de la Luftwaffe, estudia en la Academia de Bellas Artes de Dusseldorf. Será a partir de los años 60 cuando encontremos al auténtico Beuys, escultor objetual e instalador, el creador de la plástica social, y desde sus contactos con Fluxus en 1962, el Beuys accionista. En los 70, se nos presenta el artista más claramente politizado. La educación, la incidencia social del arte, el arte como «tercera vía o vía alternativa» entre socialismo y capitalismo, la ecología serán sus materiales de trabajo.

Predictors of excellent early outcome after total hip arthroplasty

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Smith George H

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Not all patients gain the same degree of improvement from total hip replacement and the reasons for this are not clear. Many investigators have assessed predictors of general outcome after hip surgery. This study is unique in its quest for the predictors of the best possible early outcome. Methods We prospectively collected data on 1318 total hip replacements. Prior to surgery patient characteristics, demographics and co-morbidities were documented. Hip function and general health was assessed using the Harris Hip score (HHS and the Short-Form 36 respectively. The HHS was repeated at three years. We took a maximal HHS of 100 to represent an excellent outcome (102 patients. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of excellent outcome. Results The two strongest predictive factors in achieving an excellent result were young age and a high pre-operative HHS (p = 0.001. Conclusions It was the young and those less disabled from their arthritis that excelled at three years. When making a decision about the timing of hip arthroplasty surgery it is important to take into account the age and pre-operative function of the patient. Whether these patients continue to excel however will be the basis of future research.

Predictors of Enteral Tube Feeding in Hospitalized Older Adults.

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Crenitte, Milton Roberto Furst; Avelino-Silva, Thiago Junqueira; Apolinario, Daniel; Curiati, Jose Antonio Esper; Campora, Flavia; Jacob-Filho, Wilson

2017-11-01

Despite general recognition that enteral tube feeding (ETF) is frequently employed in long-term care facilities and patients with dementia, remarkably little research has determined which factors are associated with its use in acutely ill older adults. In this study, we aimed to investigate determinants of ETF introduction in hospitalized older adults. We examined a retrospective cohort of acutely ill patients, aged 60 years and older, admitted to a university hospital's geriatric ward from 2014-2015, in São Paulo, Brazil. The main outcome was the introduction of ETF during hospitalization. Predictors of interest included age, sex, referring unit, comorbidity burden, functional status, malnutrition, depression, dementia severity, and delirium. Multivariate analysis was performed using backward stepwise logistic regression. A total of 214 cases were included. Mean age was 81 years, and 63% were women. Malnutrition was detected in 47% of the cases, dementia in 46%, and delirium in 36%. ETF was initiated in 44 (21%) admissions. Independent predictors of ETF were delirium (odds ratio [OR], 4.83; 95% CI, 2.12-11.01; P ETF. One in five acutely ill older adults used ETF while hospitalized. Delirium and functional dependency were independent predictors of its introduction. Risks and benefits of enteral nutrition in this particular context need to be further explored.

La universidad como organización

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Luis Aurelio Ordoñez Burbano

2001-07-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo versa sobre la unviersidad como organización y tiene como objetivo hacer una reflexión sobre la misión de la universidad colombiana en el marco de diversos entornos. Como punto de partida, se propone una precisión sobre la misión de la universidad moderna y la investigación, a diferencia de la universidad colonial y decimonónica limitada a la divulgación de conocimientos preexistentes.

ÍNDICE ATEROGÉNICO COMO FACTOR DE RIESGO PARA EL SÍNDROME DE PREECLAMPSIA / Atherogenic index as a risk factor for preeclampsia syndrome

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José P. Rueda Villalpando

2012-10-01

Full Text Available ResumenIntroducción y objetivos: La hipertensión inducida por el embarazo o preeclampsia presenta características fisiopatológicas similares a las de la aterosclerosis y las enfermedades cardiovasculares. El propósito del estudio fue identificar los factores de riesgo aterogénico y su relación en la preeclampsia. Método: Se realizó una investigación descriptiva de tipo transversal, con 50 pacientes en el tercer trimestre del embarazo. Mediante la entrevista se establecieron el peso y la talla, para calcular el índice de masa corporal. La tensión arterial > 140/90 mmHg acompañada de edema y proteinuria en el embarazo, se clasificó como hipertensión arterial. Se tomaron muestras de sangre para determinar los valores de colesterol sérico, triglicéridos y HDL. Las variables se expresaron en porcentajes. Resultados: En cada paciente se analizó el número de factores de riesgo y sus asociaciones. Los resultados más relevantes consistieron en que el 76 % presentó sobrepeso u obesidad. En cuanto al síndrome de preeclampsia, se mostró en el 30 % con un riesgo relativo de 3 veces más que las normolipídicas, y 30 % tuvo un índice aterogénico elevado. Conclusiones: La dislipidemia es un factor de riesgo aterogénico de importancia, y en conjunto constituyen un factor de riesgo para la preeclampsia. El incremento del índice aterogénico aumenta la susceptibilidad a la aterogénesis en la preeclampsia. La dislipidemia aparenta ser el punto de inicio de esta cadena de sucesos. El estudio del papel de la dislipidemia podría contribuir a la comprensión de los mecanismos de disfunción endotelial en la preeclampsia. / AbstractIntroduction and Objectives: Pregnancy−induced hypertension or preeclampsia presents pathophysiological features similar to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Identify atherogenic risk factors and their relationship in preeclampsia was the purpose of this study. Method: We conducted a cross�

Risk Factors for Depression in Early Adolescence

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MacPhee, Angela R.; Andrews, Jac J. W.

2006-01-01

The purpose of this study was to identify salient risk factors for depression in early adolescence from a group of common predictors. The following nine predictors were examined: (1) perceived quality of peer relationships, (2) perceived parental nurturance, (3) perceived parental rejection, (4) self-esteem, (5) body image, (6) pubertal status,…

Present trophic conditions of the Como and Lecco basins of lake Como; Attuali condizioni trofiche dei bacini di Como e Lecco del Lario

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Mosello, R.; Brizzio, M.C. [Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Verbania (Italy). Ist. Italiano di Idrobiologia; Garibaldi, L. [Milan Univ. La Bicocca, Milan (Italy). Dipt. di Scienze dell' Ambiente; Buzzi, P. [Azienda Sanitaria Locale, Lecco (Italy). Unita' Operativa Fisica e Tutela Ambiente; Colzani, L.; Pizzotti, E. [Azienda Sanitaria Locale, Como (Italy). Unita' Operativa Chimica; Mocellin, D. [Azienda Sanitaria Locale, Sondrio (Italy). Unita' Operativa Chimica

1999-12-01

Monthly measurements of temperature, water chemistry and phytoplankton performed from september 1997 to August 1998 in lake basins close the towns of Como and Lecco (Italy) are presented and discussed. Chemical variables show a high trophic level in both stations, more pronounced in the Como station due to unfavourable hydrological conditions and to urban and industrial sources of pollution, which show the predominance of Oscillatoria rubescens. [Italian] Il presente lavoro riporta i risultati di un'indagine condotta con campionamenti mensili dal settembre 1997 all'agosto 1998 nei bacini di Como e Lecco. Le variabili chimiche analizzate evidenziano, per entrambe le stazioni considerate, un elevato livello di trofia piu' pronunciato nella stazione di Come a causa di sfavorevoli condizioni idrologiche e per la presenza di sorgenti di inquinamento urbano e industriale, confermato dalla predominanza di Oscillatoria rubescens.

El Derecho como argumentación

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Atienza, Manuel

1999-11-01

Full Text Available Not available

Frente a las concepciones del Derecho como norma, como hecho o como valor (que caracterizan, respectivamente, al norrnativismo, al realismo jurídico y al iusnaturalismo, se propone aquí un cuarto enfoque que consiste en ver el Derecho como argumentación (y que cohra especial relevancia en las sociedades democráticas. Sin embargo, no hay una única forma de entender la argumentación jurídica. Aunque conectadas entre sí, en el trabajo se distinguen tres concepciones: la formal, la material y la pragmática o dialéctica; muchas cuestiones que se plantean en el ámbito de la teoría de la argumentación jurídica pueden resolverse -o aclararse- teniendo en cuenta esa triple perspectiva.

Suicidal Ideation in Anxiety-Disordered Youth: Identifying Predictors of Risk

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O'Neil Rodriguez, Kelly A.; Kendall, Philip C.

2014-01-01

Objective Evidence is mixed regarding an independent association between anxiety and suicidality. Beyond associations with demographic factors and depression, do anxiety disorders increase risk for suicidality in youth? Given that not all anxiety-disordered youth experience suicidal ideation, potential predictors of risk also require investigation. Method The present study examined (a) the independent relationship between anxiety and suicidal ideation and (b) emotion dysregulation and distress intolerance as predictors of risk for suicidal ideation in a sample of anxiety-disordered youth aged 7-17 (N = 86, M = 11.5). Youth and their parents reported on suicidality, emotion dysregulation, and distress intolerance. Distress tolerance was also measured by a computerized behavioral task. Results Results support an independent relationship between anxiety symptomatology and youth-reported suicidal ideation, controlling for depressive symptoms. Youth self-report of emotion dysregulation and distress intolerance predicted higher levels of suicidal ideation in univariate analyses. In a multivariate analysis including all significant predictors, only anxiety symptomatology uniquely predicted suicidal ideation. Conclusions Results provide recommendations for the assessment and treatment of suicidality in anxiety-disordered youth. Suggestions for future research investigating the relationship between anxiety and suicidal ideation are offered. PMID:24156368

Promover en los adolescentes la identificación de sus valores como factores que les protegen de las adicciones: un modelo vivencial centrado en el estudiante

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González Flores, María del Pilar; Sevillano García, María Luisa; Rey Yedra, Luis

2007-01-01

RESUMEN: En el presente trabajo mostramos una propuesta de intervención surgida de un estudio amplio realizado en la ciudad de Xalapa, Veracruz, México con una muestra representativa de adolescentes no consumidores de sustancias adictivas. Esta propuesta pretende ser una aportación para la identificación y el fortalecimiento de los valores como factor de protección a pesar de la disponibilidad y facilidad de acceso a las drogas en el medio. Diseñamos un programa integral que ayude a los niños...

EL CRM COMO HERRAMIENTA PARA EL SERVICIO AL CLIENTE EN LA ORGANIZACIÓN

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Boyero Saavedra, Martín Ramiro

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El servicio constituye la experiencia fundamental en la que tiene lugar el contacto entre la organización y el cliente. De la forma adecuada como se efectúe esta relación, depende la conservación o perdida de un cliente. Es imperativo por tanto que las organizaciones visualicen el servicio como el elemento esencial en el que radica el sentido mismo de su existencia y pertinencia. El servicio en la organización busca esencialmente satisfacer aquellas necesidades que presenta el cliente, es por ello que puede afirmarse entonces que la ausencia de demanda de servicios no le permite a las organizaciones desarrollar proyectos que giren en torno a ello. Frente al servicio como factor esencial en la organización, diversas herramientas han sido desarrolladas con el fin de que haya un mejoramiento continuo en la satisfacción de las necesidades de los clientes, una de ellas es el CRM (Customer Relationship Management que en este artículo se presenta como una herramienta importante para generar impacto en los servicios que presta la organización.

[Anxiety and polymorphism Val66Met of BDNF gene--predictors of depression severity in ischemic heart disease].

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Golimbet, V E; Volel', B A; Kopylov, F Iu; Dolzhikov, A V; Korovaitseva, G I; Kasparov, S V; Isaeva, M I

2015-01-01

In a framework of search for early predictors of depression in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) we studied effect of molecular-genetic factors (polymorphism of brain-derived neirotrophic factor--BDNF), personality traits (anxiety, neuroticism), IHD severity, and psychosocial stressors on manifestations of depression in men with verified diagnosis of IHD. Severity of depression was assessed by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 21-item (HAMD 21), anxiety and neuroticism were evaluated by the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and "Big Five" questionnaire, respectively. It wa shown that personal anxiety and ValVal genotype of BDNF gene appeared to be predictors of moderate and severe depression.

O cuidado de si como princípio ético do trabalho em enfermagem

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Águeda Lenita Pereira Wendhausen

2005-01-01

Full Text Available A partir del entendimiento de que el acto de cuidar y el trabajo de enfermería son esencialmente humanos, buscamos problematizarlos en la actualidad. La fragmentación del conocimiento, en el área de enfermería y de la salud, ha sido un factor de deshumanización del cuidado y del proceso de trabajo de cuidar. Foucault a través de los estudios sobre la gobernabilidad nos posibilita la comprensión de las bases que nos constituyen en agentes morales. De ahí, deriva, como hacemos nuestras elecciones y sobre que pautamos nuestros valores. Es posible pensar el cuidado de enfermería y el trabajo de esta categoría profesional como un proceso a ser (resignificado teniendo como referencia una ética que tome la estética de la existencia como propuesta cotidiana. En este sentido, el cuidado de si mismo, el compartir en grupo y la ética solidaria pueden ser puntos de partida para la retomada del valor de nuestras elecciones profesionales, rescatando la humanidad que estas contienen.

La sabidur?a como competencia gerencial

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Pinzon-Barrios, Ana-Maria; Cort?s Zapata, Gabriela

2012-01-01

Aunque el concepto de sabidur?a ha sido ampliamente estudiado por expertos de ?reas como la filosof?a, la religi?n y la psicolog?a, a?n enfrenta limitaciones en cuanto a su definici?n y evaluaci?n. Por esto, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo, formular una definici?n del concepto de sabidur?a que permita realizar una propuesta de evaluaci?n del concepto como competencia en los gerentes. Para esto, se realiz? un an?lisis documental de tipo cualitativo. De esta manera, se analizaron divers...

Reemplazo valvular aórtico biológico. Seguimiento a largo plazo y predictores de mortalidad, reinternación y reintervención

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Jorge Thierer

2008-01-01

Full Text Available IntroducciónEl reemplazo valvular aórtico es el procedimiento convencional en la enfermedad valvular y el modelo protésico que se ha de implantar resulta una decisión compleja. Nuevos modelos biológicos, cuyo especial tratamiento reduce el deterioro estructural alejado, han alentado su uso, aun en poblaciones jóvenes. ObjetivoEvaluar la sobrevida alejada del recambio valvular aórtico biológico, la calidad de vida, las tasas de reinternación y reintervención, así como identificar predictores para tales eventos.Material y métodosSe analizó una población sometida a cirugía aórtica aislada o combinada con revascularización, con modelos biológicos, entre junio de 1996 y diciembre de 2005. Excluidos los fallecidos a los 30 días, se analizaron 256 pacientes, con un seguimiento del 94,2% a 1.158 días.ResultadosLa sobrevida global fue del 94,8%, 88,6%, 85% y 82,4% a 1, 3, 5 y 7 años; sobrevida libre la mortalidad cardíaca, fue del 97,2%, 94,6%, 91,2% y 89,4%, respectivamente. La sobrevida libre de reinternación fue del 86%, 75,7%, 70,6% y 65,9% para igual período. La sobrevida libre de reintervención fue del 97,4%, 95,2%, 92,1% y 92,1% a 1, 3, 5 y 7 años. Fueron predictores para mortalidad el ritmo no sinusal (OR 3,4; p = 0,012 y para reinternación la enfermedad carotídea (OR 7,6; p = 0,002, la EPOC (OR 7; p = 0,004 y el sexo masculino (OR 2,18; p = 0,039. La baja incidencia de reintervenciones no permitieron identificar predictores.ConclusionesLa sobrevida alejada es aceptable para el grupo etario y el ritmo no sinusal es el único predictor de mortalidad identificado. La tasa de reinternación al primer año es elevada y el sexo masculino, la estenosis carotídea y los antecedentes respiratorios y cerebrovasculares, así como la prioridad no electiva, son sus predictores. La tasa de reintervención al seguimiento es baja y alienta la utilización de este tipo de prótesis.

Media and Life Dissatisfaction as Predictors of Body Dissatisfaction

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Melissa Bittencourt Jaeger

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Body dissatisfaction can contribute to social, occupational and recreational losses, constituting a risk factor to health. This study aimed to evaluate the predictors of body dissatisfaction regarding demographic variables, media and life satisfaction among university students. The sample consisted of 321 participants older than 18 years. Body dissatisfaction, life dissatisfaction and media messages internalization were evaluated by Escala de Silhuetas para Adultos Brasileiros, Subjective Well-Being Scale and Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3, respectively. Data were collected by an online survey tool (SurveyMonkey® and were analyzed using multiple linear regression. It was found that body dissatisfaction was positively related to inaccuracy in the perception of body size, Body Mass Index, life dissatisfaction, media messages internalization and television exposure. These findings evidence the importance of these predictors in the dynamics of body dissatisfaction, which support the development of preventive and treatment interventions.

DESNITRIFICACION BIOLOGICA USANDO SUSTRATOS SOLIDOS ORGANICOS NATURALES COMO DONANTE DE ELECTRONES Y FUENTE DE CARBONO

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DEAGO DE LEON, EUCLIDES MANUEL

2014-01-01

Los estudios sobre el aprovechamiento de Sustratos Sólidos Orgánicos Naturales (SSON) como fuentes alternativas de carbono orgánico, son importantes para establecer la factibilidad de su aplicación en la desnitrificación del agua. Los estudios sobre la materia indican que es posible usar SSON; sin embargo, aspectos como la liberación del carbono orgánico no está claramente establecido. En este estudio se bordaron los siguientes aspectos (i) factores que controlan la liberación ...

Predictors for Risk Factors for Spread of Avian Influenza Viruses by Poultry Handlers in Live bird markets in Uganda.

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Kirunda, H; Mugimba, K K; Erima, B; Mimbe, D; Byarugaba, D K; Wabwire-Mangen, F

2015-08-01

Live bird markets (LBMs) are essential for marketing poultry, but have been linked to many outbreaks of avian influenza (AI) and its spread. In Uganda, it has been observed that demographic characteristics of poultry traders/handlers influence activities and decision-making in LBMs. The study investigated the influence of socio-demographic characteristics of poultry handlers: age, sex, religion, educational background, level of income, location of residence and region of operation on 20 potential risk factors for introduction and spread of AI in LBMs. Study sites included 39 LBMs in the four regions of Uganda. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire administered to 424 poultry handlers. We observed that background of education was a predictor for slaughter and processing of poultry in open sites. Location of residence was associated with slaughter of poultry from open sites and selling of other livestock species. Region influenced stacking of cages, inadequate cleaning of cages, feeders and drinkers, and provision of dirty feed and water. Specifically, bird handlers with secondary level of education (OR = 12.9, 95% CI: 2.88-57.4, P < 0.01) were more likely to be involved in open site slaughter of poultry than their counterparts without formal education. Comparatively, urbanite bird handlers were less likely to share poultry equipment (OR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.22-0.63, P < 0.01) than rural resident handlers. Poultry handlers in Northern were 3.5 times more likely to practise insufficient cleaning of cages (OR = 3.5, 95% CI: 1.52-8.09) compared to those in Central region. We demonstrated that some socio-demographic characteristics of poultry handlers were predictors to risky practices for introduction and spread of AI viruses in LBMs in Uganda. © 2014 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

Predictors of WAIS-R vocabulary in late life: Differences by race.

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Morin, Ruth T; Midlarsky, Elizabeth

2017-11-01

Vocabulary scores tend to be significantly related to education in heterogeneous groups of older adults, even after controlling for confounding variables. However, there may be other factors that impinge on cognitive functioning for certain demographic groups, particularly those whose educational opportunities were limited, and who may have experienced considerable stress as a result of their minority status. This study sought to explore possible predictors of vocabulary scores among African American and White older adults. In this study, samples of African American (N = 165) and White (N = 146) community-dwelling older adults reported their level of education, perceived health status, and number of stressful life events, and were administered the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) Vocabulary subtest. Among the White participants, level of education was the only significant predictor of vocabulary score after controlling for perceived health and exposure to stress. Among African American participants, education was also a significant predictor of vocabulary score. However perceived health and number of stressful life events were also significantly predictors of vocabulary score. Findings indicate that for certain cohorts of older adults, especially those who may have experienced stressful life circumstances and health disparities as a result of racial inequality, education may not be the only variable that predicts verbal intelligence. The importance of investigating cognitive functioning within a broader sociocultural context is discussed.

Factors associated with workplace violence in paramedics.

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Koritsas, Stella; Boyle, Malcolm; Coles, Jan

2009-01-01

The majority of research that has explored workplace violence has focused on establishing the prevalence of violence in different settings. In general, there is a paucity of research that explores factors that may predict or increase the risk of experiencing violence in the workplace. The aim of this research was to determine predictors of violence for paramedics. A questionnaire was developed that focused on paramedics' experiences with six forms of violence: verbal abuse, property damage/theft, intimidation, physical abuse, sexual harassment, and sexual assault. The questionnaire was distributed randomly to paramedics throughout rural Victoria and metropolitan South Australia, and completed and returned anonymously. Predictors emerged for verbal abuse, intimidation, sexual harassment, and sexual abuse. Specifically, gender was the only predictor of intimidation, sexual harassment, and sexual assault. Paramedic qualifications, how they responded to a call-out, and hours per week in direct patient contact emerged as a predictor of verbal abuse. Certain factors predict or predispose paramedics to workplace violence. The need for workplace violence education and training is imperative for the prevention of violence, as well as for its management.

Aprendizagem como/na prática

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Jean Lave

2015-12-01

Full Text Available ResumoEste artigo considera como o estudo da cultura e da aprendizagem pode ser de particular relevância para o campo da antropologia sociocultural em geral. O termo mais importante na expressão “cultura & aprendizagem” talvez seja o logograma “&” – ou seja, coloca-se a questão sobre o que conecta cultura e aprendizagem, perguntando-se como esses termos estão relacionados. Como devemos compreender cultura e aprendizagem como instâncias produtoras delas próprias, e uma da outra, na prática? Recalibrando em termos relacionais, podemos dizer que não é possível abordar a “aprendizagem” ou “cultura e aprendizagem” sem o seu emaranhamento na vida político-econômica, nas lutas e disputas históricas, em suas coerências e incoerências, e na produção relacional e histórica da vida cotidiana. Através das lentes da teoria da prática social, os estudos etnográficos sobre aprendizagem na prática oferecem diferentes entendimentos sobre como certa vida e certas disputas e incoerências são produzidas.

La gestión de documentos como estrategia de innovación empresarial

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Arcángel Eduardo Sánchez

2014-08-01

Full Text Available Se analiza la gestión de documentos como un proceso que permite apoyar y generar diferentes tipos de innovaciones en el sector empresarial. Para los efectos metodológicos, se fundamenta una investigación descriptiva documental, lo cual permite exponer de forma sucinta la génesis, definición, beneficios, y procesos de normalización de documentos. Se prevé que para favorecer la generación de innovaciones se requiere maximizar el valor de componentes como la información y el conocimiento, en conjunto con el recurso humano comprometido y el efectivo uso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación. Como aspectos estratégicos, se afianza la gestión de conocimientos, como un factor necesario de insertar en la estrategia empresarial, responsable del control eficiente y sistemático desde la creación, recepción, mantenimiento, uso y eliminación de los documentos. Se recomienda hacer efectivo la operatividad de técnicas que permitan la captura y gestión de la información relacionada con las actividades y transacciones en forma de documentos ISO(2001, así como también establecer lineamientos y políticas que inciden directamente desde la producción del documento y su uso como recurso informativo, hasta la aplicación de sistemas tecnológicos que inciden en los tiempos para la recuperación de información, y a su vez se logre nuevas formas de trabajo en la gestión del recurso humano, lo cual ha de redundar, tanto en la organización como en la correcta operatividad de técnicas para la conservación de documentos de utilidad para esta.

Predictors of mental health competence in a population cohort of Australian children.

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Goldfeld, Sharon; Kvalsvig, Amanda; Incledon, Emily; O'Connor, Meredith; Mensah, Fiona

2014-05-01

The child mental health epidemiology literature focuses almost exclusively on reporting the prevalence and predictors of child mental disorders. However, there is growing recognition of positive mental health or mental health competence as an independent outcome that cannot be inferred from the absence of problems, and requires epidemiological investigation in its own right. We developed a novel measure of child mental health competence within the framework of the Australian Early Development Index, a three-yearly national census of early child development. Predictors of this outcome were investigated by linking these census data at individual level to detailed background information collected by a large longitudinal cohort study. Predictors of competence were consistent with previously described theoretical and empirical models. Overall, boys were significantly less likely than girls to demonstrate a high level of competence (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.91). Other strong predictors of competence were parent education and a relative absence of maternal psychological distress; these factors also appeared to attenuate the negative effect of family hardship on child competence. This measure of mental health competence shows promise as a population-level indicator with the potential benefit of informing and evaluating evidence-based public health intervention strategies that promote positive mental health.

A Longitudinal Study of the Predictors of Perceived Procedural Justice in Australian University Staff

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Pignata, Silvia; Winefield, Anthony H.; Provis, Chris; Boyd, Carolyn M.

2016-01-01

Purpose: This study examined the factors that predict employees' perceptions of procedural justice in university settings. The paper also reviews the ethical aspects of justice and psychological contracts within employment relationships. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study examined the predictors of perceived procedural justice in a two-wave longitudinal sample of 945 employees from 13 universities by applying the Job Demands-Resources theoretical model of stress. The proposed predictors were classified into two categories: Job demands of work pressure and work-home conflict; and job resources of job security, autonomy, trust in senior management, and trust in supervisor. The predictor model also examined job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment, demographic (age, gender, tenure, role) and individual characteristics (negative affectivity, job involvement) as well as Time 1 (T1) perceptions of procedural justice to ensure that tests were rigorous. Findings: A series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses found that job satisfaction at T1 was the strongest predictor of perceived procedural justice at Time 2. Employees' trust in senior management, and their length of tenure also positively predicted justice perceptions. There were also differences between academic and non-academic staff groups, as non-academic employees' level of job satisfaction, trust in senior management, and their length of organizational tenure predicted procedural justice perceptions, whereas for academics, only job satisfaction predicted perceived justice. For the “all staff” category, job satisfaction was a dominant and enduring predictor of justice, and employees' trust in senior management also predicted justice. Research limitations/implications: Results highlight the importance of workplace factors in enhancing fair procedures to encourage reciprocity from employees. As perceived procedural justice is also conceptually linked to the psychological contract

TDAH: remissão na adolescência e preditores de persistência em adultos ADHD: Remission in adolescence and predictors of persistence into adulthood

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Marcelo Schmitz

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Embora no passado se acreditasse que o TDAH persistia somente até a adolescência, atualmente já há um corpo sólido de conhecimento científico evidenciando que o TDAH freqüentemente persiste em adultos que foram diagnosticados como tendo TDAH na infância. São poucos os relatos na literatura sobre o padrão dessa evolução dos sintomas e, principalmente, sobre os fatores que predizem esse desfecho. O objetivo deste artigo é revisar a literatura científica sobre o TDAH, com foco específico em dados sobre remissão dos sintomas na adolescência e preditores de persistência do transtorno até a vida adulta. São apresentados dados de prevalência na adolescência e idade adulta, fatores relacionados à variabilidade de resultados entre os estudos, potenciais fatores de risco de persistência e o único estudo delineado especificamente com o objetivo de avaliar um conjunto abrangente de preditores do transtorno da infância à idade adulta.Although in the past it was thought that ADHD did not continue beyond adolescence, nowadays there is a consistent body of scientific knowledge showing that ADHD often persists in adults who had been diagnosed as having ADHD in childhood. There are very few studies in the literature on the pattern of the evolution of the symptoms and mainly on the factors that predict this outcome in adulthood. The aim of this paper is to review the scientific literature on ADHD with specific focus on data about symptom remission during adolescence and predictors of the disorder persistence into adulthood. The authors present data on prevalence in adolescence and adulthood, factors associated to results variability among studies, potential risk factors of persistence, and the only study delineated specifically with the objective of assessing a comprehensive set of predictors of the disorder from childhood up to adulthood.

Predictors of Cigarette Smoking Initiation in Early, Middle, and Late Adolescence.

Science.gov (United States)

O'Loughlin, Jennifer; O'Loughlin, Erin K; Wellman, Robert J; Sylvestre, Marie-Pierre; Dugas, Erika N; Chagnon, Miguel; Dutczak, Hartley; Laguë, Johanne; McGrath, Jennifer J

2017-09-01

Little is known about age-related differences in risk factors for cigarette smoking initiation. We identified predictors of initiation in early, middle, and late adolescence from among sociodemographic factors, indicators of smoking in the social environment, psychological characteristics, lifestyle indicators, and perceived need for cigarettes. Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of 1,801 children recruited at age 10-11 years from 29 elementary schools in Montreal, Canada. Multivariable logistic regression within a generalized estimating equations framework was used to identify predictors among never smokers across three 2-year windows: age 11-13 years (n = 1,221); age 13-15 years (n = 737); and age 15-17 years (n = 690). Among the 18 risk factors investigated, two differed across age. Friends' smoking, a strong risk factor in early adolescence (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 5.78 [3.90-8.58]), lost potency in late adolescence (1.83 [1.31-2.57]). Depressive symptoms, a risk factor in early and middle adolescence (1.60 [1.26-2.02] and 1.92 [1.45-2.54], respectively), were inversely associated in late adolescence (.76 [.58-1.00]). Sex, TV viewing, and weight-related goals were not associated with initiation at any age. All other factors were significant in two or three age groups. Most risk factors for smoking initiation were stable across age. Tobacco control interventions may be robust for risk factors across age groups and may not need adjustment. At all ages, interventions should focus on eliminating smoking in the social environment and on reducing the availability of tobacco products. Copyright © 2017 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

ANÁLISIS POR ELEMENTOS FINITOS APLICADOS A SEPARADORES DE CADERA COMO PREDICTOR EN EL DISEÑO DE INSTRUMENTAL QUIRÚRGICO.

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MARIA CELY

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Las cirugía de reemplazo total de cadera (RTC ,utiliza una serie de instrumentos llamados separadores que permiten visualizar el campo quirúrgico (área acetabular [1]. El tiempo, espacio y campo quirúrgico son factores relevantes en el desarrollo de este tipo de cirugías que se ven afectados por el uso de separadores, con diseños diferentes, que requieren ser sostenidos por una o varias personas para retraer los tejidos de la pierna por tiempo prolongado, generando mayor morbilidad en el paciente y estrés en el equipo quirúrgico (equipo entendido como el grupo compuesto por el médico cirujano, anestesiólogo, instrumentador y auxiliar que desarrolla la cirugía. El instrumental actualmente utilizado, en cirugías de RTC, no satisface los requerimientos ergonómicos y minimizan las condiciones óptimas de trabajo. El uso de herramientas computacionales ha generado en las últimas décadas una solución rápida y segura a muchos problemas ingenieríles, facilitando así el desarrollo de procesos y productos. El análisis por elementos fi nitos es uno de los métodos más utilizados en problemas de tenso- deformaciones, con un componente predictivo, aplicado al diseño y desarrollo de instrumental que optimizan las condiciones de trabajo del equipo quirúrgico. El propósito de este estudio fue mejorar las condiciones de trabajo del equipo quirúrgico, minimizando las complicaciones post-quirúrgicas del paciente, a partir del estudio del instrumental quirúrgico, especialmente separadores, utilizados para cirugía RTC, incorporando criterios de diseño y analizando la distribución de tensiones generadas en el modelo, sin perder de vista los niveles de funcionalidad clínica y mecánica requeridas.

Social network predictors of latrine ownership.

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Shakya, Holly B; Christakis, Nicholas A; Fowler, James H

2015-01-01

Poor sanitation, including the lack of clean functioning toilets, is a major factor contributing to morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases in the developing world. We examine correlates of latrine ownership in rural India with a focus on social network predictors. Participants from 75 villages provided the names of their social contacts as well as their own relevant demographic and household characteristics. Using these measures, we test whether the latrine ownership of an individual's social contacts is a significant predictor of individual latrine ownership. We also investigate whether network centrality significantly predicts latrine ownership, and if so, whether it moderates the relationship between the latrine ownership of the individual and that of her social contacts. Our results show that, controlling for the standard predictors of latrine ownership such as caste, education, and income, individuals are more likely to own latrines if their social contacts own latrines. Interaction models suggest that this relationship is stronger among those of the same caste, the same education, and those with stronger social ties. We also find that more central individuals are more likely to own latrines, but the correlation in latrine ownership between social contacts is strongest among individuals on the periphery of the network. Although more data is needed to determine how much the clustering of latrine ownership may be caused by social influence, the results here suggest that interventions designed to promote latrine ownership should consider focusing on those at the periphery of the network. The reason is that they are 1) less likely to own latrines and 2) more likely to exhibit the same behavior as their social contacts, possibly as a result of the spread of latrine adoption from one person to another. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contextual and individual predictors of physical activity: Interactions between environmental factors and health cognitions.

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Schüz, Benjamin; Wurm, Susanne; Ziegelmann, Jochen P; Wolff, Julia K; Warner, Lisa M; Schwarzer, Ralf; Tesch-Römer, Clemens

2012-11-01

Although health behavior theories assume a role of the context in health behavior self-regulation, this role is often weakly specified and rarely examined. The two studies in this article test whether properties of the environment (districts) affect if and how health-related cognitions are translated into physical activity. Multilevel modeling was used to examine the assumed cross-level interactions. Study 1 is a large-scale survey representative of the German adult population (N = 6,201). Gross domestic product (GDP) on the level of administrative districts was used to indicate environmental opportunities and barriers. Study 2 examined cross-level interactions of proximal predictors of physical activity (intentions, action planning, and coping planning) in older adults with multiple illnesses (N = 309), a high-risk group for health deteriorations. Study 1 showed that on the individual level, health attitudes (B = .11) and education (B = .71) were significantly associated with physical activity. GDP moderated the attitudes-behavior relation (B = .01), with higher attitude-behavior relations in districts with higher GDP. Study 2 finds that intention (B = .16), action planning (B = .17), and coping planning (B = .13) significantly predict activity. In addition, district-level GDP significantly moderated the relations between action planning and coping planning, but not intention, on physical activity. Results suggest that the effects of health attitudes and planning on physical activity are moderated by environmental factors. Districts with higher GDP provide better contextual opportunities for the enactment of concrete if-then plans for physical activity. This has implications for both theory and health promotion.

Transformation of Vegetable Oils into Hydrocarbons over Mesoporous-Alumina-Supported CoMo Catalysts

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Kubička, D.; Šimáček, P.; Žilková, Naděžda

2009-01-01

Roč. 52, 1-2 (2009), s. 161-168 ISSN 1022-5528 Grant - others:GA MPO(CZ) FT-TA3/074 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z40400503 Keywords : organized mesoporous alumina * CoMo catalysts * hydrodeoxygenation Subject RIV: CF - Physical ; Theoretical Chemistry Impact factor: 2.379, year: 2009

Predictors of Availing Maternal Health Schemes: A community based study in Gujarat, India

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Kranti Suresh Vora

2014-06-01

Full Text Available Background: India continues to face challenges in improving key maternal health indicators with about 1/3rd of global maternal deaths happening in India. Utilization of health care services is an important issue in India with significant proportion of home deliveries and majority of mothers not receiving adequate antenatal care. Mortality among poor rural women is the highest with lowest utilization. To make maternal healthcare more equitable, numerous schemes such as Janani Suraksha Yojana, Chiranjeevi Yojana, Kasturba Poshan Sahay Yojana have been introduced. Studies suggest that utilization of such schemes by target population is low and there is a need to understand factors affecting maternal health care utilization in the context of these schemes. Current community based study was done in rural Gujarat to understand characteristics of women who utilize such schemes and predictors of utilization. Methodology: Data collection was done in two districts of Gujarat from June to August, 2013 as a pilot phase of MATIND project. Community based cross-sectional study included 827 households and socio-demographic details of 1454 women of 15-49 years age groups were collected. 265 mothers, who had delivered after 1st January, 2013 are included in the regression analyses. The data analysis carried out with R version 3.0.1 software.  Results: The analysis indicates socioeconomic variables such as caste, maternal variables such as education and health system variables such as use of government facility are important predictors of maternal health scheme utilization. Results suggest that socioeconomic and health system factors are the best predictors for availing scheme. Conclusion: Health system variables along with individual level variables are important predictors for availing maternal health schemes. The study indicates the need to examine all levels of predictors for utilizing government health schemes to maximize the benefit for underserved

A Longitudinal Study of PTSD in the Elderly Bereaved: Prevalence and Predictors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

O'Connor, Maja

2010-01-01

This study aimed to investigate the PTSD-frequency in elderly bereaved people across the first 18 months of bereavement. Additionally, risk factors for the prediction of bereavement outcome in relation to four domains of the bereavement process were investigated. Data was collected via self...... one significant loss (N=276, Mean=70 years). The PTSD-frequency within the sample was high (16%) compared to the control group (4%) and remained stable across time. Individually analyzed each domain was a predictor of PTSD 18 months post loss. Most predictors remained stable across time......, remains so over the first 18 months post bereavement, and underline the importance of further investigation of PTSD in the elderly bereaved....

Court Compliance as a Predictor of Postadjudication Recidivism for Domestic Violence Offenders

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Kindness, Alana; Kim, Han; Alder, Stephen; Edwards, Alison; Parekh, Asha; rOlson, Lenora M.

2009-01-01

This study evaluated pre- and postadjudication behavior of 220 male defendants convicted of a domestic violence-related offense using court records and police department data. Our goal was the identification of possible predictors for continued criminal behavior that could pose a risk of further harm to victims. Factors identified as significant…

Como reescribir funciones aleatorias multivariadas como univariadas para hacer cokrigeage. La teoría

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Adrian Martínez-Vargas

2010-03-01

Full Text Available En el año 2005 Martínez-Vargas formuló un sistema de cokrigeage puro heterotópico para estimar una función aleatoria regionalizada (RF Z*(x definida como la combinación lineal de n RF's univariadas Zi(x, cuyos coeficientes 1i(x son indicatrices de un set disyuntivo de categorías i. Aparentemente este modelo se contradice pues asume que las covarianzas cruzadas existen en un mismo punto, a pesar de su carácter puramente heterotópico. Para evadir dicha contradicción se redefinió el set de RF Zi(x como una única RF Z(x,i, siendo los puntos (x,i y (x,j no coincidentes si i y j no son iguales. La heterotopía fue simplemente considerada como una omisión de la RF Z(x,. en los datos y en los puntos a estimar, no impuesta por el modelo; entonces el resultado es simplemente un caso particular del cokrigeage clásico. Con esta notación se reescribió el sistema de cokrigeage clásico como el sistema de krigeage de la RF univariada Z(x,i, asumiendo que esta posee un drift definido como m(x,i,j, donde los miembros fl(x,i,j de m(x,i,j pueden ser linealmente dependientes o independientes. Bajo esta notación el sistema de krigeage se reduce a un sistema univariado, la existencia de más de una variable o la presencia de heterotropía no impone la necesidad de manipulaciones extras para definir el sistema de ecuaciones de krigeage, incrementándose la eficiencia computacional.

A rota como memória

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Patrick Fraysse

Full Text Available No contexto de estudo do patrimônio por um ponto de vista comunicacional, este artigo permitiu-nos visualisar um objeto de comunicação por excelência « a estrada » como portador de informação a decifrar e a interpretar um documento, mas também como um repositário da memória coletiva, quer dizer um monumento. Paralelamente, a patrimonialização dos monumentos, dos conjuntos arquiteturais e sobretudo dos itinerários que os religam, dito de outra maneira, da estrada, assim como a sua documentarização (relatos de viagens, guias, bancos de dados participam de uma nova institucionalização da memória integrante também das estradas míticas como o caminho de São Tiago na França ou a famosa estrada 66 nos Estados-Unidos.

Predictors of early infection in cerebral ischemic stroke.

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Ashour, Wmr; Al-Anwar, A D; Kamel, A E; Aidaros, M A

2016-01-01

Infection is the most common complication of stroke. To determine the risk factors and predictors of post-stroke infection (PSI), which developed within 7 days from the onset of acute ischemic stroke. The study included 60 ischemic stroke patients admitted in the Neurology Department of Zagazig University, Egypt, who were subdivided into: [Non Stroke Associated Infection group (nSAI); 30 patients having stroke without any criteria of infection within 7 days from the onset and Stroke Associated Infection group (SAI); 30 patients having stroke with respiratory tract infection (RTI) or urinary tract infection within 7 days], in addition to 30 healthy sex and age-matching subjects as control. All the patients had a detailed history taking, thorough clinical general and neurological examination, laboratory tests (Urine analysis & urine culture, blood sugar, lipid profile and serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-10), a chest radiography to assess RTI and brain computed tomography (CT) to exclude the hemorrhagic stroke and to confirm the ischemic stroke. SAI patients were found to be significantly older with higher baseline blood glucose level. Also the number of patients with tube feeding, lower conscious level, more stroke severity and more large size infarcts were significantly higher in SAI patients. There was a significant elevation in the IL-10, a significant decrease in the TNF-α and a significant decrease in the TNF-α/ IL-10 ratio, in the SAI group. The baseline serum level of IL-10 ≥ 14.5 pg/ ml and size of infarct area > 3.5 cm3 were found to be the independent predictors of PSI. Patients with older age, tube feeding, lower conscious level, worse baseline stroke severity, large cerebral infarcts in CT scan, and increased IL-10 serum level were more susceptible to infection. The baseline serum level of IL-10 ≥ 14.5 pg/ ml and the size of infarct area > 3.5 cm3 were the independent predictors of PSI.

Competitividad de Cartagena como destino del turismo de congresos

OpenAIRE

Pérez Merlos, Laura

2011-01-01

Este trabajo lleva a cabo un análisis de la posición competitiva de la ciudad de Cartagena como destino del turismo de reuniones y congresos. Para ello se estudian la situación y principales tendencias seguidas por el turismo de reuniones y congresos en la actualidad y qué factores son los determinantes básicos de la competitividad de un destino en este contexto. Finalmente se formulan recomendaciones orientadas a facilitar un mejor posicionamiento de Cartagena en este segmento de...

LA CAPACITACIÓN COMO PREDICTORA DE SATISFACCIÓN DEL CLIENTE EN ORGANIZACIONES TURÍSTICAS / TRAINING AS PREDICTOR OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN TOURISTIC ORGANIZATIONS

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Rosa María Sánchez-Hernández

2011-09-01

Full Text Available

La satisfacción del consumidor se refiere a la evaluación de resultados derivados de sus experiencias de consumo. Un predictor de la misma, podría ser la formación del empleado de contacto. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el papel predictivo que puede tener dicha formación en la relación calidad del servicio-satisfacción del consumidor. Este estudio consta de una muestra de 43 empleados y 191 clientes de hoteles ubicados en el Estado de Veracruz. Los resultados muestran relación entre el nivel de formación de los empleados y la calidad de servicio percibida por el consumidor y, consecuentemente, su nivel de satisfacción.

Abstract

Customer satisfaction refers to the evaluation of results from the consumer experiences. A predictor of customer satisfaction could be the training of the contact employee. The aim of this paper is to analyze the predictive role that training can have on the value of the “service quality”-“customer satisfaction” relation. The sample of this study consists in 43 employees and 191 customers of hotels located in Veracruz State. The results show correlation between the level of employee training and quality of service perceived by the consumer and, consequently, their level of satisfaction.

Predictors of Parent-Adolescent Communication in Post-apartheid South Africa: A Protective Factor in Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health

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Coetzee, Jenny; Dietrich, Janan; Otwombe, Kennedy; Nkala, Busi; Khunwane, Mamakiri; van der Watt, Martin; Sikkema, Kathleen J; Gray, Glenda E

2014-01-01

In the HIV context, risky sexual behaviours can be reduced through effective parent-adolescent communication. This study used the Parent Adolescent Communication Scale to determine parent-adolescent communication by ethnicity and identify predictors of high parent-adolescent communication amongst South African adolescents post-apartheid. A cross-sectional interviewer-administered survey was administered to 822 adolescents from Johannesburg, South Africa. Backward stepwise multivariate regressions were performed. The sample was predominantly Black African (62%, n=506) and female (57%, n=469). Of the participants, 57% (n=471) reported high parent-adolescent communication. Multivariate regression showed that gender was a significant predictor of high parent-adolescent communication (Black African OR:1.47,CI:1.0-2.17, Indian OR:2.67,CI:1.05-6.77, White OR:2.96,CI:1.21-7.18). Female-headed households were predictors of high parent-adolescent communication amongst Black Africans (OR:1.49,CI:1.01-2.20), but of low parent-adolescent communication amongst Whites (OR:0.36,CI: 0.15-0.89). Overall levels of parent-adolescent communication in South Africa are low. HIV prevention programmes for South African adolescents should include information and skills regarding effective parent-adolescent communication. PMID:24636691

Un estudio preliminar de los factores predictores de la conducta de atracón en tres culturas: México, Argentina y España

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Gilda Gómez-Peresmitré

2013-01-01

La conducta de atracón, el incremento en su frecuencia que incide en el riesgo asociado a trastorno alimentario, así como su relación con sobrepeso y obesidad constituyen un problema de salud vigente a nivel nacional e internacional. El objetivo de la investigación fue explorar, identificar y describir los factores de riesgo que se interrelacionan y explican la Conducta de Atracón, poniendo especial interés en las similitudes y diferencias inherentes a muestras de tres diferentes países de ha...

Work and back pain: a prospective study of psychological, social and mechanical predictors of back pain severity.

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Christensen, J O; Knardahl, S

2012-07-01

Studies relating occupational psychological and social factors to back pain have traditionally investigated a small number of exposure factors. The current study explored longitudinally a comprehensive set of specific psychological/social and mechanical work factors as predictors of back pain severity (defined as the product of back pain intensity and duration). Employees from 28 organizations in Norway, representing a wide variety of occupations, were surveyed with a follow-up period of 2 years. Several designs were tested: (1) cross-sectional analyses at baseline and follow-up; (2) prospective analyses with baseline exposure; (3) prospective analyses with average exposure over time [(T1+T2)/2]; and (4) prospective analyses with measures of change in exposure from T1 to T2. A total of 2808 employees responded at both time points. Fourteen psychological/social and two mechanical exposures were measured. Odds ratios (ORs) were computed by ordinal logistic regressions. Several psychological/social factors predicted back pain severity. After adjustment for age, sex, skill level, back pain severity at T1 and other exposure factors estimated to be potential confounders, the most consistent predictors of back pain were the protective factors decision control [lowest OR 0.68; 99% confidence interval (CI): 0.49-0.95], empowering leadership (lowest OR 0.59; 99% CI: 0.38-0.91) and fair leadership (lowest OR 0.54; 99% CI: 0.34-0.87). Some of the most important predictors included in this study were factors that have previously received little attention in back pain research. This emphasizes the importance of extending the list of factors possibly contributing to back pain. © 2011 National Institute of Occupational Health, Norway European Journal of Pain © 2011 European Federation of International Association for the Study of Pain Chapters.

Factors associated with performing tuberculosis screening of HIV-positive patients in Ghana: LASSO-based predictor selection in a large public health data set

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Susanne Mueller-Using

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The purpose of this study is to propose the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operators procedure (LASSO as an alternative to conventional variable selection models, as it allows for easy interpretation and handles multicollinearities. We developed a model on the basis of LASSO-selected parameters in order to link associated demographical, socio-economical, clinical and immunological factors to performing tuberculosis screening in HIV-positive patients in Ghana. Methods Applying the LASSO method and multivariate logistic regression analysis on a large public health data set, we selected relevant predictors related to tuberculosis screening. Results One Thousand Ninety Five patients infected with HIV were enrolled into this study with 691 (63.2 % of them having tuberculosis screening documented in their patient folders. Predictors found to be significantly associated with performance of tuberculosis screening can be classified into factors related to the clinician’s perception of the clinical state, as well as those related to PLHIV’s awareness. These factors include newly diagnosed HIV infections (n = 354 (32.42 %, aOR 1.84, current CD4+ T cell count (aOR 0.92, non-availability of HIV type (n = 787 (72.07 %, aOR 0.56, chronic cough (n = 32 (2.93 %, aOR 5.07, intake of co-trimoxazole (n = 271 (24.82 %, aOR 2.31, vitamin supplementation (n = 220 (20.15 %, aOR 2.64 as well as the use of mosquito bed nets (n = 613 (56.14 %, aOR 1.53. Conclusions Accelerated TB screening among newly diagnosed HIV-patients indicates that application of the WHO screening form for intensifying tuberculosis case finding among HIV-positive individuals in resource-limited settings is increasingly adopted. However, screening for TB in PLHIV is still impacted by clinician’s perception of patient’s health state and PLHIV’s health awareness. Education of staff, counselling of PLHIV and sufficient financing are

El acceso al agua como factor de identificación de problemas de desarrollo agrario sostenible en el territorio del Alto Guadiana

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Ruiz Pulpón, Ángel Raúl

2008-12-01

Full Text Available The appropriation of private rights on the use of the water owes to factors of historical and economic type, being delimited and being recognized after the application of the effective legislation at the end of century XX^th. The understanding of the social and economic consequences that are derived allows to establishing global frames of reference for the judgment of the environmental problem that considers in territories with problems of sustainable agrarian development, as it has happened with the Guadiana river high basin.

La apropiación de derechos privados sobre el uso del agua se debe a factores de tipo histórico y económico, siendo delimitados y reconocidos tras la aplicación de la legislación vigente a finales del siglo XX. La comprensión de las consecuencias sociales y económicas que se derivan permite establecer marcos de referencia globales para el enjuiciamiento del problema ambiental que se plantea en territorios con problemas de desarrollo agrario sostenible, tal y como ha ocurrido con la cuenca alta del Guadiana.

Factores que inciden en el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje del español como segunda lengua (L2, segundo grado, escuela “Santo Tomás de Umbra”, segundo semestre del año 2007.

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Leandro Pekitle Pedro

2012-09-01

Full Text Available La temática se fundamenta en los factores que inciden en el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje del español como segunda lengua (L2, segundo grado de Educación Primaria, escuelabilingüe en la comunidad: “Santo Tomás de Umbra”, segundo semestre del 2007. Asimismo, identifica los factores socioeconómicos que influyen para que la niñez aprenda hablar elespañol durante su escolaridad. La metodología aplicada fue participativa, activa e interactiva entre los investigadores y los participantes en la investigación (la comunidad dado el enfoque etnográfico de la investigación, se aplicaron instrumentos como guías de entrevistas semi - estructuradas y grupos focales para madres y padres de familia, estudiantes, docentes, directores de la comunidad.Los resultados reflejan diversas situaciones que dificultan que la niñez aprenda a hablar el español como segunda lengua para la socialización y necesidades de comunicación con otras personas, destacando el factor pedagógico, la ausencia de capacitaciones, el desconocimiento y aplicación de metodologías pertinentes para la enseñanza de segunda lengua por parte de la maestra. Entre las conclusiones es que uno de los mayores problemas que incide de forma negativa en el aprendizaje del español, es la no aplicación de una metodología pertinente y el desconocimiento de las habilidades lingüísticas para que la niñez pueda ampliar su repertorio verbal para diversos fines. Así como la poca práctica del español por parte de la niñez en la comunidad. Por lo cual se recomienda a las instancias correspondientes como el MINED- PEBI, tomar cartas en el asunto para brindar mayor atención a los docentes de la comunidad, en materia de capacitación y especialmente en aplicación de metodologías para enseñanza del español y conocimientos básicos sobre lingüística.

The prevalence and predictors of severe depression among the elderly in Malaysia.

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Rashid, Abdul; Tahir, Ibrahim

2015-03-01

The population of Malaysia is relatively young, due to this there is a dearth in research conducted among the elderly especially relating to depression. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and the predictors of severe depression among the elderly in Malaysia. A sample of 2005 older adults randomly selected from the Penang State government's list of elderly receiving aid participated in the study. The Geriatric Depression Scale was used to screen for depression. Socio-demographic, social support, disease, functional and other factors were looked at as possible predictor variables. The prevalence of severe depression was 19.2 %. Indians (aOR = 2.0), being married (aOR = 10.5), widowed & divorced (aOR = 5.2), having poor (aOR = 2.7) or moderate social support (aOR = 2.7), having no one (aOR = 2.9), relatives (aOR = 2.3) or religious figures & others (aOR = 1.9) as compared to a spouse as a source of emotional support, feeling extremely lonely (aOR = 3.4), not socially active (aOR = 2.3), cognitively impaired (aOR 2.5), activities limited due to illness or disability (aOR = 1.6) and poor sleep quality (aOR = 3.6) were significant predictor variables. The prevalence of severe depression was high. It is pertinent that older adults, especially those with risk factors identified in this study be screened for depression at every opportunity.

Biological and Psychosocial Predictors of Postpartum Depression: Systematic Review and Call for Integration

Science.gov (United States)

Tanner Stapleton, Lynlee R.; Guardino, Christine M.; Hahn-Holbrook, Jennifer; Schetter, Christine Dunkel

2017-01-01

Postpartum depression (PPD) adversely affects the health and well being of many new mothers, their infants, and their families. A comprehensive understanding of biopsychosocial precursors to PPD is needed to solidify the current evidence base for best practices in translation. We conducted a systematic review of research published from 2000 through 2013 on biological and psychosocial factors associated with PPD and postpartum depressive symptoms. Two hundred fourteen publications based on 199 investigations of 151,651 women in the first postpartum year met inclusion criteria. The biological and psychosocial literatures are largely distinct, and few studies provide integrative analyses. The strongest PPD risk predictors among biological processes are hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal dysregulation, inflammatory processes, and genetic vulnerabilities. Among psychosocial factors, the strongest predictors are severe life events, some forms of chronic strain, relationship quality, and support from partner and mother. Fully integrated biopsychosocial investigations with large samples are needed to advance our knowledge of PPD etiology. PMID:25822344

Preeclampsia como factor de riesgo independiente para el trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad. Estudio de casos y controles. Bucaramanga, Colombia

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Yuly Andrea Castellanos-Castellanos

2014-07-01

Full Text Available Introducción: El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad es una condición mental que afecta a niños y adolescentes con prevalencia estimada de 5.3% en la población mundial y en Colombia es de 19-24% en hombres y 10-12% en mujeres. Su etiología es multifactorial, entre ellos se encuentra la hipoxia como factor del medio ambiente uterino; presentándose en entidades como la preeclampsia, donde se ha considerado determinante en el desarrollo del trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad, siendo importante evaluar su asociación. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre el diagnóstico trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad y el antecedente perinatal de preeclampsia. Metodología: Estudio de casos y controles retrospectivo de 411 casos de trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad y 404 controles no emparentados sin trastorno ni otros trastornos disruptivos del comportamiento. La evaluación psiquiátrica se hizo entre el 2005–2011, mediante entrevista estructurada que incluyó indagar el antecedente de preeclamsia en el embarazo de cada paciente. Resultados: El antecedente de preeclampsia se presentó en el 3.7% de los pacientes con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad y en el 5.5% de los controles (OR 0.66, IC95% 0.34 – 1.29; p=0.221. Esta falta de asociación se mantuvo luego de ajustar por género, ser adoptado, haber nacido por cesárea y edad de inicio del trastorno que llevó a consultar al paciente (OR 0.51, IC95% 0.22 – 1.17; p=0.115. Conclusión: El estudio no encontró significancia estadística entre el antecedente de preeclampsia materna y el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad como factor principalmente asociado en la muestra de pacientes seleccionados.

Predictors of fatigue and work ability in cancer survivors.

Science.gov (United States)

van Muijen, P; Duijts, S F A; Bonefaas-Groenewoud, K; van der Beek, A J; Anema, J R

2017-12-30

Workers diagnosed with cancer are at risk for job loss or work disability. To determine predictors of fatigue and work ability at 36 months after diagnosis in a population of cancer survivors. Individuals diagnosed with cancer and who applied for work disability benefit at 24 months of sick leave were surveyed at the time of application and again 12 months later. Fatigue was measured using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness-Fatigue scale questionnaire and work ability was measured using the work ability index. Linear regression analyses were applied to identify predictors. There were 336 participants. Participants who were divorced or widowed had more physical limitations, more depressive symptoms and were more fatigued at baseline, and who worked in health care demonstrated higher levels of fatigue. Lower fatigue was predicted by having received chemotherapy. A higher level of work ability was predicted by having received chemotherapy, better global health and better work ability at baseline. Lower work ability was predicted by being principal wage earner, insecurity about being free of disease, having more physical limitations and having greater wage loss. Socio-demographic, health- and work-related factors were associated with fatigue and work ability in cancer survivors on long-term sick leave. As fatigue and poor work ability are important risk factors for work disability, addressing the identified predictive factors may assist in mitigation of work disability in cancer survivors. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Occupational Medicine. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com

Predictors of Attitudes Toward Non-Technical Skills in Farming.

Science.gov (United States)

Irwin, Amy; Poots, Jill

2018-01-01

Farming is a high-risk sector with up to 170,000 worldwide fatalities reported per year; it is therefore vital to identify methods of mitigating the dangers of this industry. Research within high-risk industries, such as aviation, shipping, and agriculture, has identified the importance of non-technical skills (NTS) in maintaining effective, safe performance and reducing error and injury. However, there is a lack of research evaluating factors that may contribute to NTS attitudes and behaviors. As a first step to address this literature gap, the current study evaluated a range of individual and environmental factors as potential predictors of attitudes toward NTS in agriculture. A sample of 170 farmers from within the United Kingdom and Ireland were surveyed using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire included measures of personality, stress, attitudes toward safety (safety climate, motivation, and risk), environmental stressors (workload, work-life imbalance), and non-technical skills (team and lone worker). Attitudes toward safety climate, compliance, and motivation showed a significant association with both team-based and lone worker NTS. Conscientiousness correlated positively with the majority of the NTS elements. Multiple regression analysis indicated neuroticism and conscientiousness demonstrated capacity to predict NTS attitudes. Concerns about costs and equipment, attitudes toward safety climate, and safety motivation were also found to be significant predictors of NTS attitudes. The results indicate the utility of individual characteristics and environmental factors when predicting farming NTS attitudes. As a result, these elements could be important when evaluating engagement with NTS and developing NTS training initiatives in agriculture.

Predictors of pathological gambling severity taking gender differences into account.

Science.gov (United States)

González-Ortega, I; Echeburúa, E; Corral, P; Polo-López, R; Alberich, S

2013-01-01

The current study aims to identify predictors of pathological gambling (PG) severity, taking gender differences into account, in an outpatient sample of pathological gamblers seeking treatment. The sample for this study consisted of 103 subjects (51 women and 52 men) meeting current DSM-IV-TR criteria for PG. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to examine different risk factors (gender, age, impulsivity, sensation seeking, self-esteem) and risk markers (depression, anxiety, gambling-related thoughts, substance abuse) as predictors of PG severity. Impulsivity, maladjustment in everyday life and age at gambling onset were the best predictors in the overall sample. When gender differences were taken into account, duration of gambling disorder in women and depression and impulsivity in men predicted PG severity. In turn, a high degree of severity in the South Oaks Gambling Screen score was related to older age and more familiy support in women and to low self-esteem and alcohol abuse in men. Female gamblers were older than male gamblers and started gambling later in life, but became dependent on gambling more quickly than men. Further research should examine these data to tailor treatment to specific patients' needs according to sex and individual characteristics. Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Symptom predictors of response to electroconvulsive therapy in older patients with treatment-resistant depression

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Tominaga K

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Keiichiro Tominaga¹, Mioto Okazaki¹, Hisashi Higuchi¹, Itaru Utagawa¹, Etsuko Nakamura², Noboru Yamaguchi¹¹Department of Neuropsychiatry, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa, ²Tsurukawa Sanatorium Hospital, Machida City, Tokyo, JapanBackground: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT has been used for treatment-resistant depression. However, predictors of response to ECT have not been adequately studied using the Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, especially in older patients with treatment-resistant depression.Methods: This study included 18 Japanese patients who fulfilled the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition Text Revision criteria for a diagnosis of major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder with a current major depressive episode, and met the definition of treatment-resistant depression outlined by Thase and Rush, scoring ≥21 on the Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale. The three-factor model of the Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale was used for analysis. Factor 1 was defined by three items, factor 2 by four items, and factor 3 by three items, representing dysphoria, retardation, and vegetative symptoms, respectively. ECT was performed twice a week for a total of six sessions using a Thymatron System IV device with the brief pulse technique. Clinical responses were defined on the basis of a ≥50% decrease in total pretreatment Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale scores.Results: The mean pretreatment factor 2 score for responders (n = 7 was significantly lower than that for nonresponders (n = 11. Furthermore, a significant difference in mean factor 3 score between responders and nonresponders was observed one week after six sessions of ECT, indicating a time lag of response. No significant differences were observed for age, number of previous episodes, and duration of the current episode between responders and

Self-efficacy and Resilience Are Useful Predictors of Transition Readiness Scores in Adolescents with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Carlsen, Katrine; Haddad, Nichola; Gordon, Julia

2017-01-01

BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a vulnerable period for those afflicted with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). There is limited knowledge of factors influencing transition readiness in this population. We sought to determine whether self-efficacy and resilience would be informative predictors of trans......BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a vulnerable period for those afflicted with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). There is limited knowledge of factors influencing transition readiness in this population. We sought to determine whether self-efficacy and resilience would be informative predictors......-Davidson Resilience Scale. Demographic data and disease-specific information were collected from the medical record and by the provider. General linear modeling and autocorrelation were performed to investigate predictors of transition readiness. RESULTS: Eighty-seven patients (62 Crohn's disease and 25 ulcerative...... colitis) were included, with a median age of 19 years (interquartile range 1-3: 17-20; min-max: 16-23). After controlling for age, the IBD-SES-A predicted TRAQ [F(1) = 11.69, R = 0.16, P = 0.001], accounting for 16% of the variance. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale also independently predicted TRAQ...

Predictors of frequent exacerbations in (ex)smoking and never smoking adults with severe asthma

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Westerhof, Guus A.; de Groot, Jantina C.; Amelink, Marijke; de Nijs, Selma B.; ten Brinke, Anneke; Weersink, Els J.; Bel, Elisabeth H.

2016-01-01

Persistent eosinophilic airway inflammation is an important driver for asthma exacerbations in non-smokers with asthma. Whether eosinophilic inflammation is also a predictor of asthma exacerbations in (ex)smokers is not known. The aim was to investigate factors associated with frequent exacerbations

Incidence and predictors of end-stage renal disease in outpatients with systolic heart failure

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bosselmann, Helle; Gislason, Gunnar; Gustafsson, Finn

2013-01-01

Background- Renal dysfunction is an important prognostic factor in heart failure (HF), but whether this dysfunction progresses to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is unknown. Therefore, we examined incidence and predictors of ESRD in outpatients with HF. Methods and Results- Patients with systolic ...

Psychosocial predictors in the transition from acute to chronic pain: a systematic review.

Science.gov (United States)

Hruschak, Valerie; Cochran, Gerald

2018-02-28

Chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) is a major health problem which psychosocial factors have significant implications in. There is a gap in regards to evidence for the prevention of chronicity specifically addressing psychological and social domains. Four databases were searched with terms related to "psychosocial", "acute pain", and "chronic pain". A total of 1,389 studies were identified in which titles, abstracts, and full texts were assessed for inclusion criteria. A data template was used to capture pertinent details, and overall themes and patterns were organized according to type of pain examined and psychosocial variables measured. Of the 18 articles that met inclusion criteria, fifteen (83%) of the articles reported an association between psychosocial factors and chronicity. A total of 5 of the studies (29%) demonstrated that depression was a possible predictor and 6 (35%) of the studies found fear-avoidance to be associated with chronicity. This review provides evidence that psychosocial factors are associated with chronicity within CNCP. These results suggest a need for targeting psychosocial predictors in prevention and early intervention through clinical guidelines and a national strategy to support a cultural change in pain care.

Hoy como ayer

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Rodríguez M.

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Leyendo el artículo titulado “Los medicamentos baratos” de la revista La Farmacia Española, publicada en Madrid el jueves 21 de diciembre de 1893, uno se pregunta cómo puede ser que se reconozca la situación como si fuera de ahora mismo, cómo puede ser que estemos igual que hace más de cien años. Entonces eran los descuentos que se empezaban a extender en las farmacias, francesas sobre todo, y que amenazaban el prestigio profesional de todo el colectivo. Con frases como éstas se define la situación que se presentaba en aquel momento: “…el desprestigio de que vaya por unos cuantos desnaturalizándose el ejercicio de la farmacia en tal forma que se convierta en un comercio impuro y de la peor estofa; pero conviene mucho combatir con mano firme la tendencia a la baratería, tanto más cuanto que no puede dudarse que significa un rebajamiento a todas luces nocivo y que supone una desorganización que nos llevaría en breve a la más completa ruina, y lo que creo aún más grave, a la desmoralización y el desorden, que no se compadecen en modo alguno con lo que en realidad es hoy y ha sido siempre el ejercicio de una profesión genuinamente científica como lo es la de la farmacia”. La propuesta que se hacía para controlar la situación era “la limitación de farmacias, con vigilancia estrecha del Estado y tarifa uniforme oficial”, así como “hace falta mucha inteligencia y mucha unión, hace falta que nadie permanezca indiferente, que todos y cada uno pongan de su parte lo que puedan”. Nuestra profesión mezcla una doble vertiente sanitaria y comercial que no siempre es fácil mantener equilibrada y, por lo que se ve, esto ha ocurrido así desde siempre. El problema que existe hoy en día es la mercantilización de la farmacia, un desplazamiento de establecimiento sanitario hacia una simple empresa.

Beating the baseline prediction in food sales : how intelligent an intelligent predictor is?

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zliobaite, I.; Bakker, J.; Pechenizkiy, M.

2012-01-01

Sales prediction is an essential part of stock planning for the wholesales and retail business. It is a complex task because of the large number of factors affecting the demand. Designing an intelligent predictor that would beat a simple moving average baseline across a number of products appears to

Predictors of pneumonia in acute stroke in patients in an emergency unit

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Sara R. M. Almeida

2015-05-01

Full Text Available Objective To evaluate the risk factors and comorbid conditions associated with the development of pneumonia in patients with acute stroke. To determine the independent predictors of pneumonia. Method Retrospective study from July to December 2011. We reviewed all medical charts with diagnosis of stroke. Results 159 patients (18-90 years were admitted. Prevalence of pneumonia was 32%. Pneumonia was more frequent in patients with hemorrhagic stroke (OR: 4.36; 95%CI: 1.9-10.01, p < 0.001, higher National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS (p = 0.047 and, lower Glasgow Coma Score (GCS (p < 0.0001. Patients with pneumonia had longer hospitalization (p < 0.0001. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified NIHSS as an independent predictor of pneumonia (95%CI: 1.049-1.246, p = 0.002. Conclusion Pneumonia was associated with severity and type of stroke and length of hospital stay. The severity of the deficit as evaluated by the NIHSS was shown to be the only independent risk factor for pneumonia in acute stroke patients.

Predictors of monoterpene exposure in the Danish furniture industry.

Science.gov (United States)

Hagström, Katja; Jacobsen, Gitte; Sigsgaard, Torben; Schaumburg, Inger; Erlandsen, Mogens; Schlunssen, Vivi

2012-04-01

supplementary cold air intake (departmental level), and the operation of a glue press (machine level). However, only one factory of the 17 examined used a supplementary cold air intake, and while very high monoterpene levels were observed there, this may be due to factors other than the supplementary intake. In contrast to the situation with wood dust, we found that the bulk of the variation in the data (65%) was attributable to variability on the factory level, with comparatively little being due to the departmental (16%) and machine (0.5%) levels. The fixed terms in the model accounted for 31.8% of the total variance. The predictors of monoterpenes are not the same as those for wood dust exposure; this has implications for the implementation of preventative measures in factories. In order to decrease monoterpene exposure, efforts should be focused on minimizing the recirculation of air in rooms used for woodworking and on increasing awareness of the importance of effective ventilation and enclosure when operating a glue press.

El videojuego como material educativo: La Odisea

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Belén Mainer Blanco

2012-04-01

Full Text Available La investigación se basa en la función educativa que pueden cumplir los videojuegos, un campo que consideramos inexplorado por tres motivos principalmente: su reciente incorporación, su impopularidad educativa (el rechazo el videojuego como herramienta de aprendizaje y considerado, por el contrario, como una distracción, y la incompleta incorporación de las nuevas tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC en el ámbito familiar y educativo. En una segunda parte, se ha realizado una aplicación práctica tomando como referencia la gran obra universal “La Odisea”, cuya intención es mostrar la utilidad del videojuego como complemento educativo.

Determination and support as successful factors for smoking cessation La determinación y el apoyo como factores de éxito en el abandono del tabaquismo Determinação e apoio como fatores de sucesso no abandono do tabagismo

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Isabel Cristina Echer

2008-06-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to analyze determination and support as successful factors for smoking cessation. Qualitative study in which 16 individuals from Porto Alegre, Brazil, who had ceased smoking for more than six months, with score > 5 according to Fagerström scale, were interviewed. Information was examined through Content Analysis according to the following steps: pre-analysis, material investigation and result treatment. Smoking cessation was a consequence of a group of factors, with determination (the will to cease smoking and the difficulty to cease smoking and the received support (occupational; family; social, and spiritual, and through a specific course and support groups as the focus of this article. The results suggest that the smoker's determination to cease smoking together with the support of society segments and the benefits from that are helpful factors in the smoking cessation process.Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los factores que contribuyen para obtener éxito en abandonar el tabaquismo. Es un estudio cualitativo, en el cual fueron entrevistados 16 individuos de Porto Alegre, en Brasil, que dejaron de fumar hace más de seis meses, con puntuación > 5 de la escala de Fagerström. Las informaciones fueron examinadas por un Análisis de Contenido, por medio de las etapas de análisis, examen del material y tratamiento de los resultados. El abandono del tabaquismo es el resultado de un conjunto de factores, siendo el foco de este artículo la determinación (querer parar y la dificultad de parar de fumar y el apoyo recibido (profesional, familiar, social y espiritual. Los resultados sugieren que la determinación del fumador de querer parar de fumar, aliada al apoyo de segmentos de la sociedad son factores que ayudan de forma significativa para el proceso de abandono del tabaquismo.Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar fatores que contribuem para o sucesso no abandono do tabagismo. Estudo qualitativo, no qual foram

Incidence, predictors and outcomes of postoperative coma: an observational study of 858,606 patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Newman, Jessica; Blake, Kathryn; Fennema, Jordan; Harris, David; Shanks, Amy; Avidan, Michael S; Kelz, Max B; Mashour, George A

2013-08-01

Coma is a state of profound unresponsiveness that can occur as a serious perioperative complication. The study of risk factors for, and sequelae of, postoperative coma has been limited due to the rarity of the event. To determine the incidence, risk factors and impact of postoperative coma in a large patient population. Observational study using a prospectively gathered national dataset. Data from 858 606 patients were analysed. The incidence of postoperative coma of more than 24-h duration was identified. Logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors and develop a risk model of postoperative coma in derivation and validation cohorts; 30-day mortality was also analysed. The incidence of postoperative coma was 0.06%. Multivariate analysis revealed the following independent predictors: liver disease, systemic sepsis, age at least 63 years, renal disease, emergency operation, cardiac disease, hypertension, prior neurological disease, diabetes mellitus and BMI 25 to 29.99 kg m (protective). These predictors were incorporated into a risk index classification; odds ratios for postoperative coma increased from 2.5 with one risk factor to 18.4 with three. Coma was associated with 74.2% all-cause mortality; coma associated with cardiac arrest had a 1.9-fold higher mortality. This is the largest study of postoperative coma ever reported and will be useful for determining risk of coma of more than 24 h duration when evaluating an unresponsive patient following surgery. Data on prognosis will aid medical and ethical decision-making for the comatose surgical patient.

Predictors of Hearing Protection Use Among Industrial Workers.

Science.gov (United States)

Tantranont, Kunlayanee; Codchanak, Nuntanat

2017-08-01

Promoting the use of hearing protection devices (HPDs) can prevent noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) among workers who are exposed to excessive noise. In the present study, the authors examine factors that may explain HPD use among industrial workers from 15 manufacturing plants in Thailand. Participants consisted of 268 randomly selected workers exposed to harmful noise levels for which routine HPD use was required. Logistic regression analysis of study variables revealed the most powerful predictors of HPD use were perceived hearing status ( b = 0.66, p workers to use HPDs regularly.

Predictors of parent-adolescent communication in post-apartheid South Africa: a protective factor in adolescent sexual and reproductive health.

Science.gov (United States)

Coetzee, Jenny; Dietrich, Janan; Otwombe, Kennedy; Nkala, Busi; Khunwane, Mamakiri; van der Watt, Martin; Sikkema, Kathleen J; Gray, Glenda E

2014-04-01

In the HIV context, risky sexual behaviours can be reduced through effective parent-adolescent communication. This study used the Parent Adolescent Communication Scale to determine parent-adolescent communication by ethnicity and identify predictors of high parent-adolescent communication amongst South African adolescents post-apartheid. A cross-sectional interviewer-administered survey was administered to 822 adolescents from Johannesburg, South Africa. Backward stepwise multivariate regressions were performed. The sample was predominantly Black African (62%, n = 506) and female (57%, n = 469). Of the participants, 57% (n = 471) reported high parent-adolescent communication. Multivariate regression showed that gender was a significant predictor of high parent-adolescent communication (Black African OR:1.47, CI: 1.0-2.17, Indian OR: 2.67, CI: 1.05-6.77, White OR: 2.96, CI: 1.21-7.18). Female-headed households were predictors of high parent-adolescent communication amongst Black Africans (OR:1.49, CI: 1.01-2.20), but of low parent-adolescent communication amongst Whites (OR:0.36, CI: 0.15-0.89). Overall levels of parent-adolescent communication in South Africa are low. HIV prevention programmes for South African adolescents should include information and skills regarding effective parent-adolescent communication. Copyright © 2014 The Foundation for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

[Predictors of fighting spirit or helplessness/hopelessness in people with cancer].

Science.gov (United States)

Oh, Pok-Ja; Lee, Yeon-Joo

2008-04-01

This study was done to identify predictors of the fighting spirit or helplessness/hopelessness in the patients' mental adjustment to cancer. Cancer patients' characteristics like performance status, metastasis and duration of diagnosis with demographic factors, spiritual support and social support were used as predictors of a fighting spirit or helplessness/hopelessness. A total of 124 ambulatory cancer patients completed the Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MAC) scale and responded in a structured instrument about their characteristics, spiritual and social support. The results of multiple regression analysis revealed that confidence in the supporter (R(2)=.114, p=.000), duration of cancer diagnosis (R(2)=.041, p=.000) and faith (R(2)=.030, p=.000) were predictive of a fighting spirit (R(2)=.185, p=.000); whereas, education (R(2)=.074, p=.001), performance status (R(2)=.055, p=.000), satisfaction with social support (R(2)=.046, p=.000), and metastasis (R(2)=.037, p=.000) were predictive of helplessness/hopelessness (R(2)=.202, p=.000). Social support, spiritual support and disease related factors like metastasis, performance status, and duration of cancer diagnosis need to be considered in a psychosocial nursing intervention for a fighting spirit or helplessness/hopelessness.

Nursing students' perception regarding predicting factors of drugs use Percepción de las estudiantes de enfermería sobre los predictores del uso de drogas Percepção de estudantes de enfermagem sobre os preditores do uso de drogas

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Alfonsyna Montoya de Abarca

2008-08-01

Full Text Available The study on the perception of 264 (33.2% nursing students from the Professionalization and Regular groups regarding predicting factors of drugs consumption shows these students consume alcohol and tobacco and view alcohol as a leading factor in the consumption of drugs. The Professionalization group consumes tranquilizers and stimulants at a higher rate than the Regular group. The Professionalization students argue that they have to deal with an excessive personal load: career, job, family and stress. According to them, these factors motivate the consumption of tranquilizers and stimulants. The Professionalization group views the family and religion as protective factors; friends and school, on the other hand, are considered risk factors. Both groups consider drug users as amoral and addicts. The present study provides indicators that can support real actions aimed at improving the education of nursing personnel.Al estudiar la percepción de 264 (33.2% estudiantes de enfermería del grupo de Profesionalización y del grupo Regular sobre los factores que predicen el consumo de drogas entre estudiantes, se evidencia que éstos consumen alcohol y tabaco y perciben el alcohol como una propensión al consumo de drogas; el grupo de Profesionalización consume, además, tranquilizantes y estimulantes en mayor porcentaje que los estudiantes del grupo Regular. El grupo de Profesionalización percibe la familia y la iglesia como factores protectores, y de riesgo al grupo de amigos y la escuela. Igualmente, este mismo grupo considera entre las motivaciones para el uso la excesiva carga (estudio, trabajo y familia y el estrés; percibe a los usuarios de drogas como amorales y viciosos. El factor de riesgo es la escuela, y los protectores la sociedad, la iglesia y la familia. Ese estudio nos da indicadores para replantearse acciones concretas en la formación del personal de enfermería.Ao estudar a percepção de 264 (33,2% estudantes de enfermagem, do

Contabilidade gerencial como apoio ao "just in time"

OpenAIRE

Costa, Sérgio De Carvalho

2010-01-01

Descreve as técnicas da filosofia "Just in Time" e apresenta as modificações necessárias aos Sistemas Gerencias para que se tornem coerentes com a filosofia JIT, bem como meçam adequadamente a melhoria contínua da Empresa. Critica tanto o Custeio' Direto como o Custeio por Absorção, apresentando como alternativa o Custeio "ABC". Mostra como o JIT facilita o Custeio dos Produtos e destaca os aspectos estratégicos da Avaliação de Desempenho. Finalmente discorre sobre um estudo de...

Predictors of substance use among young adults transitioning away from high school: a narrative review.

Science.gov (United States)

Kirst, Maritt; Mecredy, Graham; Borland, Tracey; Chaiton, Michael

2014-11-01

Young adulthood has been shown to be a time of increased substance use. Yet, not enough is known about which factors contribute to initiation and progression of substance use among young adults specifically during the transition year away from high school. A narrative review was undertaken to increase understanding of the predictors of changes in use of tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, other illicit drugs, and mental health problems among young adults during the transition period after high school. A review of academic literature examining predictors of the use of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis, and co-morbidities (e.g., co-occurring substance use and/or mental health issues) among young adults transitioning from high school to post-secondary education or the workforce. Twenty six studies were included in the review. The majority of the studies (19) examined substance use during the transition from high school to post-secondary settings. Seven studies examined substance use in post-secondary settings. The studies consistently found that substance use increases among young adults as they transition away from high school. During the transition away from high school, common predictors of substance use include substance use in high school, and peer influence. Common predictors of substance use in post-secondary education include previous substance use, peer influence, psychological factors and mental health issues. Conclusions/Importance: Further research on social contextual influences on substance use, mental health issues, gender differences and availability of substances during the transition period is needed to inform the development of new preventive interventions for this age group.

Risk factors and predictors of dementia and cognitive impairment

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Neergaard, Jesper

the most prevalent dementia type, is the only cause of death among the top 10 killers in the United States that cannot be prevented, cured, or even delayed. The knowledge of risk and protective factors is therefore especially important for the development of prevention strategies, as prevention by risk...... factor intervention, is considered the key to a better control of the epidemic. Women outlive men on average, however they have poorer health status. Moreover, women have an elevated risk of dementia. This clearly justifies an increased focus on dementia specifically for women. In the development of new......, are required to ensure that the new drugs are tested on the right patients at the right time. The aims of this thesis were: i) to identify risk factors for all cause and differential dementia diagnoses, ii) to identify risk factors associated with progression from normal cognition to dementia within the follow...

El Derecho Agrario como derecho para la paz

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Ricardo Zeledón Zeledón

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Contenido: El Derecho agrario surgido de la paz y para la consolidación de la paz, como fuente e instrumento para su cumplimiento. La visión de Carrozza como conjunto de reglas destinadas al fin de la paz, y la equidad. Explicación de un Derecho agrario vinculado a la paz por su origen en los Derechos Humanos Económicos y Sociales. Evolución del Derecho Agrario en los Derechos Humanos de la tercera generación (principalmente ambiente, desarrollo y paz, en las nuevas dimensiones del Derecho agrario del futuro. Derecho agrario como derecho para la paz y el respeto de los derechos humanos. Desarrollo sostenible y agricultura del futuro. La nueva orientación de los institutos del derecho agrario como instrumentos de paz, dirigidos a cumplir los fines de la justicia social, el desarrollo económico y el equilibrio ambiental. Desarrollo como respuesta a los problemas del ambiente, alimentario, de la pobreza, indígena y de la mujer rural. El rol de la justicia agraria y ambiental como derecho para la paz. El derecho agrario, disciplina forjada en una concepción iushumanista, acorde con los derechos humanos y la paz. El derecho agrario como derecho para la paz.

Clinicopathological Risk Factors and Biochemical Predictors of Safe Discharge after Total Thyroidectomy and Central Compartment Node Dissection for Thyroid Cancer: A Prospective Study

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Yu-mi Lee

2015-01-01

Full Text Available To determine the clinicopathological risk factors and reliable biochemical predictors of the development of hypocalcemic symptoms after total thyroidectomy on the basis of serum calcium and intact parathyroid hormone (PTH levels measured 1 hour after surgery, a prospective study was performed on 817 patients who underwent a total thyroidectomy with central compartment node dissection (CCND due to well-differentiated thyroid cancer. We evaluated the correlations between hypocalcemic symptom development and clinicopathological factors. And the predictability for hypocalcemic symptom development of intact PTH cut-offs (<10 pg/mL and <20 pg/mL, resp. according to serum calcium level subgroup was analyzed. Female gender (P<0.001 was the only independent risk factor for hypocalcemic symptom development in multivariate regression analysis. The negative predictive value (NPV of intact PTH, signifying nondevelopment of hypocalcemic symptoms, was higher than the positive predictive value (PPV which signified development of hypocalcemic symptoms. In addition, when we applied the different adoption of the intact PTH cut-off according to serum calcium level, we could obtain more increased NPVs. A female gender and the application of more specific cut-offs for intact PTH according to the serum calcium levels measured 1 hour after surgery may help the patients to be more safely discharged.

Los ritmos como terapia para la impulsividad

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Mónica Triviño

2012-10-01

Full Text Available Investigaciones recientes muestran que el uso de patrones rítmicos facilita la respuesta óptima en el tiempo, por lo que el entrenamiento mediante ritmos podría proponerse como terapia novedosa ante problemas como la impulsividad. Esto podría beneficiar a pacientes con daño prefrontal o personas con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH, que suelen mostrar conductas impulsivas, así como dificultad para estimar el paso del tiempo.

Predictors of yoga use among internal medicine patients.

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Cramer, Holger; Lauche, Romy; Langhorst, Jost; Paul, Anna; Michalsen, Andreas; Dobos, Gustav

2013-07-13

Yoga seems to be an effective means to cope with a variety of internal medicine conditions. While characteristics of yoga users have been investigated in the general population, little is known about predictors of yoga use and barriers to yoga use in internal medicine patients. The aim of this cross-sectional analysis was to identify sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological predictors of yoga use among internal medicine patients. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among all patients being referred to a Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine during a 3-year period. It was assessed whether patients had ever used yoga for their primary medical complaint, the perceived benefit, and the perceived harm of yoga practice. Potential predictors of yoga use including sociodemographic characteristics, health behavior, internal medicine diagnosis, general health status, mental health, satisfaction with health, and health locus of control were assessed; and associations with yoga use were tested using multiple logistic regression analysis. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for significant predictors. Of 2486 participants, 303 (12.19%) reported having used yoga for their primary medical complaint. Of those, 184 (60.73%) reported benefits and 12 (3.96%) reported harms due to yoga practice. Compared to yoga non-users, yoga users were more likely to be 50-64 years old (OR = 1.45; 95%CI = 1.05-2.01; P = 0.025); female (OR = 2.45; 95%CI = 1.45-4.02; P internal health locus of control (OR = 1.92; 95%CI = 1.38-2.67; P internal integrative medicine patient population and was commonly perceived as beneficial. Yoga use was not associated with the patients' specific diagnosis but with sociodemographic factors, mental health, and health locus of control. To improve adherence to yoga practice, it should be considered that male, younger, and anxious patients and those with low internal health locus of control might be less intrinsically

Association of Stressful Life Events with Psychological Problems: A Large-Scale Community-Based Study Using Grouped Outcomes Latent Factor Regression with Latent Predictors

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Akbar Hassanzadeh

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Objective. The current study is aimed at investigating the association between stressful life events and psychological problems in a large sample of Iranian adults. Method. In a cross-sectional large-scale community-based study, 4763 Iranian adults, living in Isfahan, Iran, were investigated. Grouped outcomes latent factor regression on latent predictors was used for modeling the association of psychological problems (depression, anxiety, and psychological distress, measured by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12, as the grouped outcomes, and stressful life events, measured by a self-administered stressful life events (SLEs questionnaire, as the latent predictors. Results. The results showed that the personal stressors domain has significant positive association with psychological distress (β=0.19, anxiety (β=0.25, depression (β=0.15, and their collective profile score (β=0.20, with greater associations in females (β=0.28 than in males (β=0.13 (all P<0.001. In addition, in the adjusted models, the regression coefficients for the association of social stressors domain and psychological problems profile score were 0.37, 0.35, and 0.46 in total sample, males, and females, respectively (P<0.001. Conclusion. Results of our study indicated that different stressors, particularly those socioeconomic related, have an effective impact on psychological problems. It is important to consider the social and cultural background of a population for managing the stressors as an effective approach for preventing and reducing the destructive burden of psychological problems.

Association of Stressful Life Events with Psychological Problems: A Large-Scale Community-Based Study Using Grouped Outcomes Latent Factor Regression with Latent Predictors

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Hassanzadeh, Akbar; Heidari, Zahra; Hassanzadeh Keshteli, Ammar; Afshar, Hamid

2017-01-01

Objective The current study is aimed at investigating the association between stressful life events and psychological problems in a large sample of Iranian adults. Method In a cross-sectional large-scale community-based study, 4763 Iranian adults, living in Isfahan, Iran, were investigated. Grouped outcomes latent factor regression on latent predictors was used for modeling the association of psychological problems (depression, anxiety, and psychological distress), measured by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), as the grouped outcomes, and stressful life events, measured by a self-administered stressful life events (SLEs) questionnaire, as the latent predictors. Results The results showed that the personal stressors domain has significant positive association with psychological distress (β = 0.19), anxiety (β = 0.25), depression (β = 0.15), and their collective profile score (β = 0.20), with greater associations in females (β = 0.28) than in males (β = 0.13) (all P < 0.001). In addition, in the adjusted models, the regression coefficients for the association of social stressors domain and psychological problems profile score were 0.37, 0.35, and 0.46 in total sample, males, and females, respectively (P < 0.001). Conclusion Results of our study indicated that different stressors, particularly those socioeconomic related, have an effective impact on psychological problems. It is important to consider the social and cultural background of a population for managing the stressors as an effective approach for preventing and reducing the destructive burden of psychological problems. PMID:29312459

Body mass index and buttock circumference are independent predictors of disintegration failure in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for ureteral calculi.

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Yang, Teng-Kai; Yang, Hung-Ju; Lee, Liang-Min; Liao, Chun-Hou

2013-07-01

Effective stone disintegration by extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) may depend on patient- and stone-related factors. We investigated predictors of disintegration failure in ESWL for a solitary ureteral calculus. From July 2008 to May 2010, 203 patients who underwent ESWL for a solitary ureteral calculus were enrolled. Clinical and radiologic data were collected, and factors related to ESWL failure were analyzed. Fifty-two patients (25.6%) showed ESWL failure, with a mean follow-up of 41 days. Forty patients (19.7%) required retreatment, including 12 who underwent repeat ESWL and 28 who underwent curative ureteroscopy. Patients with ESWL failure had significantly higher body weight, body mass index (BMI), and buttock circumference (BC) than patients for whom ESWL was successful. Univariate analysis showed that stone burden (odds ratio [OR], 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.06) and BC (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01-1.11) were predictors of ESWL failure, while BMI was a potential predictor with borderline significance (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.99-1.20). Multivariate analysis showed that stone burden (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.03-1.06) was a significant predictor for all patients. On stratifying patients according to the level of ureteral calculi, BC was found to be an independent predictor (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.02-1.80) for ESWL failure for middle/lower ureteral calculi and BMI (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.13-1.91) for upper ureteral calculi. Stone burden is the main predictor of ESWL failure for all patients with ureteral calculi. BC and BMI are independent predictors for ESWL failure for middle/lower and upper ureteral calculi, respectively. Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Predictors of iron levels in 14,737 Danish blood donors

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rigas, Andreas Stribolt; Sørensen, Cecilie Juul; Pedersen, Ole Birger

2014-01-01

BACKGROUND: Dietary studies show a relationship between the intake of iron enhancers and inhibitors and iron stores in the general population. However, the impact of dietary factors on the iron stores of blood donors, whose iron status is affected by blood donations, is incompletely understood....... STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In the Danish Blood Donor Study, we assessed the effect of blood donation frequency, physiologic factors, lifestyle and supplemental factors, and dietary factors on ferritin levels. We used multiple linear and logistic regression analyses stratified by sex and menopausal status....... RESULTS: Among high-frequency donors (more than nine donations in the past 3 years), we found iron deficiency (ferritin below 15 ng/mL) in 9, 39, and 22% of men, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women, respectively. The strongest predictors of iron deficiency were sex, menopausal status, the number...

DRREP: deep ridge regressed epitope predictor.

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Sher, Gene; Zhi, Degui; Zhang, Shaojie

2017-10-03

The ability to predict epitopes plays an enormous role in vaccine development in terms of our ability to zero in on where to do a more thorough in-vivo analysis of the protein in question. Though for the past decade there have been numerous advancements and improvements in epitope prediction, on average the best benchmark prediction accuracies are still only around 60%. New machine learning algorithms have arisen within the domain of deep learning, text mining, and convolutional networks. This paper presents a novel analytically trained and string kernel using deep neural network, which is tailored for continuous epitope prediction, called: Deep Ridge Regressed Epitope Predictor (DRREP). DRREP was tested on long protein sequences from the following datasets: SARS, Pellequer, HIV, AntiJen, and SEQ194. DRREP was compared to numerous state of the art epitope predictors, including the most recently published predictors called LBtope and DMNLBE. Using area under ROC curve (AUC), DRREP achieved a performance improvement over the best performing predictors on SARS (13.7%), HIV (8.9%), Pellequer (1.5%), and SEQ194 (3.1%), with its performance being matched only on the AntiJen dataset, by the LBtope predictor, where both DRREP and LBtope achieved an AUC of 0.702. DRREP is an analytically trained deep neural network, thus capable of learning in a single step through regression. By combining the features of deep learning, string kernels, and convolutional networks, the system is able to perform residue-by-residue prediction of continues epitopes with higher accuracy than the current state of the art predictors.

Predictors of Contraceptive Use in Ghana: Role of Religion, Region of Residence, Ethnicity and Education

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Daniel Adjei

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Effective contraceptive use prevents most reproductive health challenges. The aim of this study is to identify the demographic predictors of contraceptive usage in Ghana. Using a logistic regression analysis, a sample size of 4916 women of the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS 2008 were selected. Results showed that religion is the most important predictor among the demographic factors. Ethnicity of the women, level of education and region of residence were also found to be statistically significantly. Contraceptive health promotion should be intensified as the best option for preventing unintended pregnancies in the respective variables.

Developmental trajectories of paediatric headache - sex-specific analyses and predictors.

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Isensee, Corinna; Fernandez Castelao, Carolin; Kröner-Herwig, Birgit

2016-01-01

Headache is the most common pain disorder in children and adolescents and is associated with diverse dysfunctions and psychological symptoms. Several studies evidenced sex-specific differences in headache frequency. Until now no study exists that examined sex-specific patterns of change in paediatric headache across time and included pain-related somatic and (socio-)psychological predictors. Latent Class Growth Analysis (LCGA) was used in order to identify different trajectory classes of headache across four annual time points in a population-based sample (n = 3 227; mean age 11.34 years; 51.2 % girls). In multinomial logistic regression analyses the influence of several predictors on the class membership was examined. For girls, a four-class model was identified as the best fitting model. While the majority of girls reported no (30.5 %) or moderate headache frequencies (32.5 %) across time, one class with a high level of headache days (20.8 %) and a class with an increasing headache frequency across time (16.2 %) were identified. For boys a two class model with a 'no headache class' (48.6 %) and 'moderate headache class' (51.4 %) showed the best model fit. Regarding logistic regression analyses, migraine and parental headache proved to be stable predictors across sexes. Depression/anxiety was a significant predictor for all pain classes in girls. Life events, dysfunctional stress coping and school burden were also able to differentiate at least between some classes in both sexes. The identified trajectories reflect sex-specific differences in paediatric headache, as seen in the number and type of classes extracted. The documented risk factors can deliver ideas for preventive actions and considerations for treatment programmes.

Academic and non-academic predictors of success on the Nottingham undergraduate medical course 1970-1995.

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James, D; Chilvers, C

2001-11-01

To identify academic and non-academic predictors of success of entrants to the Nottingham medical course over the first 25 completed years of the course's existence. SETTING, DESIGN AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Retrospective study of academic and non-academic characteristics of 2270 entrants between 1970 and 1990, and their subsequent success. Analyses were undertaken of two cohorts (entrants between 1970 and 1985 and entrants between 1986 and 1990). Overall, 148 of 2270 (6.5%) entrants left the course, with the highest proportion being from the first 6 years (10.7%). Of the 148 leavers, 58 (39.2%) did so after obtaining their BMedSci degree. Concerning non-academic factors, in the 1970-85 cohort, applicants from the later years and those not taking a year out were more successful. However, these two factors had no influence on outcome in 1986-90. In contrast, ethnicity and gender were highly significant predictors of success in obtaining honours at BMBS in 1986-90 but at no other exam nor in the earlier years. Older, mature or graduate entrants were more successful at obtaining a first-class degree at BMedSci for the whole 21 years. However, they were less likely to be successful at passing the BMBS. With regard to academic factors, overall, A grades at Ordinary level/General Certificate of Secondary Education (O-Level/GCSE) were inconsistent independent predictors of success. However, for 1986-90, high grades at O-Level/GCSE chemistry and biology were strong independent predictors of success at BMedSci and BMBS. Very few Advanced level (A-Level) criteria were independent predictors of success for 1970-85. In contrast, for 1986-90 entrants, achieving a high grade at A-Level chemistry predicted success at obtaining a first-class degree at BMedSci, and a high grade at A-Level biology predicted success at BMBS. Over the 21 years, the majority of entrants achieved significantly lower grades at A-Level than predicted. General Studies A-Level was a poor predictor of