Atividade antibacteriana in vitro e in vivo de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi no controle da mastite bovina

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Faccin, ângela

2013-01-01

O interesse científico pela fitoterapia levou ao desenvolvimento de pesquisas baseadas nas práticas populares. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade antibacteriana do extrato hidroalcoólico e óleo essencial das folhas e frutos de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi em dois estádios fenológicos frente a bactérias relacionadas a mastite bovina, além de testar um extrato da planta, com ação antibacteriana, para ser utilizado na antissepsia da ordenha. A dissertação está apresentada em ...

Prevalencia de brucelosis bovina en el periodo 2004-2012 y tuberculosis bovina en el periodo 2006-2012 en hatos lecheros del Cantón Mejía

OpenAIRE

Fuentes Quisiguano, O.; Paredes Muñoz, J.; Mosquera, J.; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUC

2015-01-01

Brucelosis y tuberculosis bovina son dos enfermedades que causan importantes pérdidas productivas y reproductivas en la ganadería local, nacional e internacional. En el Ecuador, desde hace varios años se viene trabajando en un programa para el control y erradicación de estas dos enfermedades. En el año 2006, por primera vez, siete predios de producción lechera consiguieron la certificación de predio libre de Brucelosis bovina, otorgada por el Servicio Ecuatoriano de Sanidad Animal (SESA) de e...

EFEITO DO TEOR DE GORDURA, VÁCUO E DOSE DE RADIAÇÃO GAMA NA SOBREVIVÊNCIA DE Salmonella TYPHIMURIUM ATCC 14028 EM CARNE BOVINA MOÍDA RESFRIADA

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C. S. COSTA

2008-09-01

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O trabalho avaliou a sobrevivência de Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028 em carnes bovinas, moída crua e resfriada (2 ºC, através do tratamento com radiação gama (Co⁶⁰, utilizando doses de 0; 1,5; 2,5 e 3,5 kGy. Além do fator dose de radiação foram avaliadas as influências do emprego de vácuo e de dois teores de gordura da carne bovina moída: baixo (2-4% e alto (11-13%, bem como a interação dos fatores, na redução ou eliminação da bactéria patogênica inoculada. Os resultados demonstraram que os teores de gordura da carne e o emprego de vácuo não influenciaram significativamente a sobrevivência da Salmonella. A dose de radiação gama influenciou a inativação de Salmonella de forma dose dependente até 2,5 kGy, com reduções de 4 ciclos logarítmicos. A dose de 2,5 kGy é suficiente para exercer um controle efetivo de Salmonella em carne bovina moída independentemente do seu teor de gordura e da presença de oxigênio.

Study of BSA protein adsorption/release on hydroxyapatite nanoparticles

Science.gov (United States)

Swain, Sanjaya Kumar; Sarkar, Debasish

2013-12-01

Three different spherical, rod and fibrous morphologies of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles have been prepared through control over the processing parameters like temperature, pH and Ca:P ratio. Protein adsorption/release with respect to HA nanoparticle morphologies are investigated using model protein bovine serum albumin (BSA). BSA adsorption on HA nanoparticles follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Thermal analysis and FT-IR spectrum confirms the BSA adhesion and retention of their secondary structure. High surface area with high Ca:P ratio nanorod adsorbs relatively more amount (28 mg BSA/gm of nanorod HA) of BSA within 48 h in comparison with counterpart fibroid and spherical morphologies. Slow and steady BSA release (75 wt% of adsorbed BSA in 96 h) from nanorod HA is found as futuristic drug delivery media.

Global transcriptional profiling of Burkholderia pseudomallei under salt stress reveals differential effects on the Bsa type III secretion system

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Singsuksawat Ekapot

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis where the highest reported incidence world wide is in the Northeast of Thailand, where saline soil and water are prevalent. Moreover, recent reports indicate a potential pathogenic role for B. pseudomallei in cystic fibrosis lung disease, where an increased sodium chloride (NaCl concentration in airway surface liquid has been proposed. These observations raise the possibility that high salinity may represent a favorable niche for B. pseudomallei. We therefore investigated the global transcriptional response of B. pseudomallei to increased salinity using microarray analysis. Results Transcriptome analysis of B. pseudomallei under salt stress revealed several genes significantly up-regulated in the presence of 320 mM NaCl including genes associated with the bsa-derived Type III secretion system (T3SS. Microarray data were verified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR. Western blot analysis confirmed the increased expression and secretion of the invasion-associated type III secreted proteins BipD and BopE in B. pseudomallei cultures at 170 and 320 mM NaCl relative to salt-free medium. Furthermore, salt-treated B. pseudomallei exhibited greater invasion efficiency into the lung epithelial cell line A549 in a manner partly dependent on a functional Bsa system. Conclusions B. pseudomallei responds to salt stress by modulating the transcription of a relatively small set of genes, among which is the bsa locus associated with invasion and virulence. Expression and secretion of Bsa-secreted proteins was elevated in the presence of exogenous salt and the invasion efficiency was enhanced. Our data indicate that salinity has the potential to influence the virulence of B. pseudomallei.

Uso de inóculo padronizado de Anaplasma marginale e da quimioprofilaxia no controle da anaplasmose bovina

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Ribeiro M.F.B.

2003-01-01

Full Text Available O uso de inóculo homólogo padronizado de Anaplasma marginale foi comparado à prática de quimioprofilaxia com diidrato de oxitetraciclina na redução da riquetsemia e do volume globular (VG causada pela anaplasmose bovina. Os animais que receberam o inóculo (10(7 hemácias com Anaplasma marginaleapresentaram, ao serem desafiados em campo, riquetsemia média de 1,2% e redução média de VG de 23,0%, significativamente inferiores às do grupo-controle (P<0,05. No experimento de quimioprofilaxia os animais que receberam três doses de diidrato de oxitetraciclina (20mg/kg, com intervalos de 25 dias, apresentaram riquetsemia de 2,7% e redução de 36,3% no VG, significativamente inferiores às do grupo-controle (P<0,05. Ambas as medidas preventivas testadas foram eficientes na redução da intensidade da riquetsemia e na queda do VG.

Processo Decisório e Rastreabilidade para a Carne Bovina Brasileira

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Fernanda Scharnberg Brandão

2015-05-01

Full Text Available A crescente preocupação com a segurança do alimento criou mercados promissores para produtos certificados. Partindo desta premissa o estudo teve por objetivo – fundamentado nas teorias de tomada de decisão e da informação – apresentar e discutir as possibilidades de adequação dos produtores de carne bovina no Brasil às novas exigências como a rastreabilidade, incluindo a transmissão da informação deste processo aos consumidores. Utilizando uma metodologia qualitativa exploratória e bibliográfica, são apresentados resultados que demonstram a complexidade envolvida na tomada de decisão e os diversos fatores (econômicos e não econômicos que interferem nessas decisões, haja vista que os produtores sofrem influências internas e externas, referentes ao mercado e ao sistema produtivo.

A Utilização da Informação Contábil na Gestão da Pecuária Bovina de Corte: Uma Pesquisa Empírica

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Anisio Candido Pereira

2007-01-01

Full Text Available A pecuária bovina de corte representa uma atividade econômica de grande importância para a economia nacional e, como qualquer entidade, sua administração necessita de informações confiáveis e úteis para a tomada de decisão. Dessa forma, este trabalho aborda qual o estágio de utilização das informações contábeis pelo gestor pecuarista de gado de corte na Região de Nova Andradina, MS, bem como os benefícios passíveis de serem obtidos com o uso freqüente das informações geradas pela Contabilidade por esses gestores. Assim, o artigo explana conceitos básicos da pecuária bovina de corte e aborda o mercado dessa atividade, visando introduzir o leitor no assunto e também situá-lo quanto ao cenário do negócio. Posteriormente são evidenciados conceitos sobre Contabilidade Pecuária, e apresentada uma pesquisa realizada junto aos escritórios de contabilidade numa cidade do Mato Grosso do Sul, buscando entender qual o grau de utilização da Contabilidade pelos pecuaristas, finalizando com a argumentação da contribuição da Contabilidade como ferramenta de apoio à gestão do negócio pecuária de corte, bem como para o agronegócio de forma geral, visto que a Contabilidade, por suas informações e controles é fundamental para o processo de crescimento e manutenção de qualquer atividade econômica.

Effect of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis.

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Wang, Hui; Mochidzuki, Kazuhiro; Kobayashi, Shinichi; Hiraide, Hatsue; Wang, Xiaofen; Cui, Zongjun

2013-06-01

Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was added to filter paper during the hydrolysis of cellulase. Adding BSA before the addition of the cellulase enhances enzyme activity in the solution, thereby increasing the conversion rate of cellulose. After 48 h of BSA treatment, the BSA adsorption quantities are 3.3, 4.6, 7.8, 17.2, and 28.3 mg/g substrate, each with different initial BSA concentration treatments at 50 °C; in addition, more cellulase was adsorbed onto the filter paper at 50 °C compared with 35 °C. After 48 h of hydrolysis, the free-enzyme activity could not be measured without the BSA treatment, whereas the remaining activity of the filter paper activity was approximately 41 % when treated with 1.0 mg/mL BSA. Even after 96 h of hydrolysis, 25 % still remained. Meanwhile, after 48 h of incubation without substrate, the remaining enzyme activities were increased 20.7 % (from 43.7 to 52.7 %) and 94.8 % (from 23.3 to 45.5 %) at 35 and 50 °C, respectively. Moreover, the effect of the BSA was more obvious at 35 °C compared with 50 °C. When using 15 filter paper cellulase units per gram substrate cellulase loading at 50 °C, the cellulose conversion was increased from 75 % (without BSA treatment) to ≥90 % when using BSA dosages between 0.1 and 1.5 mg/mL. Overall, these results suggest that there are promising strategies for BSA treatment in the reduction of enzyme requirements during the hydrolysis of cellulose.

Análise comparativa da competividade do Brasil e EUA no mercado internacional da carne bovina

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Matheus Dhein Dill

2013-12-01

Full Text Available O Brasil e os EUA estão entre os principais produtores mundiais de carne bovina. Entretanto, distorções no mercado alimentar decorrentes da presença de barreiras comerciais podem comprometer a competitividade desses países. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a competitividade da carne bovina brasileira e norte-americana, no mercado internacional, entre 1990 e 2008. Para isso, foi utilizado o Índice de Competitividade Revelada (CR para inferir sobre os efeitos que subsídios, acordos comercias e barreiras sanitárias exercem sobre a competitividade da carne bovina dos respectivos países. Os resultados indicaram que o Brasil obteve vantagens competitivas no período de 1991 a 2008, enquanto que os EUA apresentaram vantagens entre 1993 e 2003. Os acordos comerciais elevaram a competitividade dos países envolvidos, contudo ocorreram diminuições dos índices quando problemas sanitários foram identificados. Em suma, os EUA, mesmo com os altos subsídios fornecidos aos produtores rurais, apresentou desempenho inferior em comparação ao Brasil no mercado mundial da carne bovina.

[Effect of BSA on random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in plants].

Science.gov (United States)

Bian, Cai-Miao; Li, Jun-Min; Jin, Ze-Xin; Ge, Ming-Ju

2002-05-01

Using Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Heptacodium miconioides DNA as templates,the effect of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on RAPD in plants was studied. The results showed that suitable concentrations of BSA used in Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Heptacodium miconioides RAPD were different, which were 0.6 microg/microl and 1 microg/microl, respectively. The inhibition of acetylated BSA on the amplification of plant RAPD could be relieved by BSA. BSA could reduce the dosage of Taq DNA polymerase.

Prevalência e etiologia da mastite bovina na bacia leiteira de Rondon do Pará, estado do Pará

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Carlos Magno C. Oliveira

2011-02-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do presente trabalho foi pesquisar a prevalência e a etiologia da mastite bovina na bacia leiteira do município de Rondon do Pará, bem como avaliar o perfil de sensibilidade e resistência dos agentes isolados frente aos antimicrobianos. Foram avaliadas 237 vacas mestiças de aptidão leiteira, pertencentes a nove propriedades, as quais utilizavam ordenha manual uma vez ao dia e sistema de criação extensivo em pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha, com fornecimento de sal mineral e água ad libitum. Realizou-se o exame clínico da glândula mamária, o teste da caneca telada e o California Mastitis Test. Dos 935 quartos mamários avaliados, 6,6% apresentaram mastite subclínica, 1,3% mastite clínica e 92,1% foram negativos. As bactérias isoladas na mastite clínica foram Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negativo (25%, Staphylococcus aureus (16,7%, Streptococcus spp. (8,3% e Corynebacterium spp. (8,3%. Na mastite subclínica foram Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negativo (32,3%, Staphylococcus aureus (17,7%, Staphylococcus intermedius (1,6%, Streptococcus spp. (4,8%, Corynebacterium spp. (4,8% e Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negativo/S. aureus (1,6%. Não houve crescimento microbiano em 41,7% das amostras com mastite clínica e 37,1% com mastite subclínica. No antibiograma, 100% dos isolados de Staphylococcus spp. coagulase negativo, S. aureus, S. intermedius, e Streptococcus spp. foram sensíveis ao sulfazotrim. Por outro lado Corynebacterium spp. foi 100% resistente ao mesmo antimicrobiano. A cefalotina, cefoxitina e gentamicina, apresentaram eficácia frente às bactérias isoladas do gênero Staphylococcus spp., as quais neste trabalho representam a grande maioria dos agentes causadores de mastite. A mastite foi diagnosticada em todos os rebanhos pesquisados, contudo o número de animais acometidos foi considerado baixo; isso provavelmente deve-se à baixa produção de leite dos animais e a permanência do bezerro ao pé após a

El mecanismo de muerte celular programada y su importancia en el proceso de maduración de la carne bovina

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Janeth Ortega Torres

2012-06-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este artículo es presentar el mecanismo de muerte celular programada y las evidencias que apoyan su relación con el proceso de maduración de la carne bovina. La terneza de la carne bovina es quizá una de las características más importantes para los consumidores, pues hace de la carne un producto deseable en los mercados mundiales e influye en su precio y calidad. Estas características dependen de factores genéticos, nutricionales y ambientales. Aunque en Colombia aún no existe la cultura de la trazabilidad de los productos cárnicos en los supermercados, se prevé que en un futuro cercano aumente el número de consumidores en América Latina y que ellos tendrán también la posibilidad de exigir las mejores carnes. Descifrar los factores bioquímicos y moleculares que influyen en la maduración de la carne bovina es una tarea amplia que está en sus primeras etapas. Se han descifrado algunas vías implicadas, como la de la calpaína-calpastatina, la proteosómica y la de las catepsinas, proteínas que han sido reconocidas como de influencia positiva en el proceso de degradación de la fibra muscular durante su proceso de maduración. La conversión del músculo en carne es un proceso que comienza una vez el animal ha sido sacrificado y, por lo tanto, está asociado a los procesos de necrosis y muerte celular. En los últimos años muchos estudios se han orientado hacia la importancia y el aporte del mecanismo de muerte celular programada o apoptosis sobre la terneza de la carne.

Efeitos da redução ou substituição do soro fetal bovino por outros compostos na maturação in vitro de oócitos bovinos

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Maite Del Collado

2014-07-01

Full Text Available A utilização do soro fetal bovino (SFB, embora bastante disseminada na produção in vitro (PIV de embriões bovinos, apresenta limitações por ser um meio indefinido e por causar efeitos que prejudicam a qualidade desses embriões. Por esse motivo, nos últimos anos, grande parte das pesquisas relacionadas à PIV está voltada para a substituição do SFB por outros compostos nos meios de cultura. No presente estudo, foram utilizados como compostos protéicos a albumina sérica bovina livre de ácidos graxos (BSA-FAF e um produto comercial denominado fluido embriônico (FE de maneira isolada ou em diferentes combinações e concentrações, com objetivo de substituir ou diminuir a concentração do SFB durante a maturação in vitro (MIV. Para isso, oócitos bovinos foram maturados in vitro nos seguintes grupos (G que foram delineados de acordo com a suplementação protéica recebida: G1 (controle = 10% de SFB, G2 = 8mg/mL de BSA-FAF, G3 = 10% de FE, G4 = 6mg/mL de BSA-FAF + 5% de SFB, G5 = 6mg/mL de BSA-FAF + 3,5% de SFB + 1,5% de FE, G6 = 6mg/mL de BSA-FAF + 1,5% de SFB + 3,5% de FE, G7 = 6mg/mL de BSA-FAF + 5% de FE e G8 = 5% de SFB + 5% de FE. Após 24 horas de MIV, os oócitos foram classificados de acordo com a progressão meiótica e migração dos grânulos corticais (GC. As taxas de maturação foram avaliadas pelo teste do Qui-Quadrado (χ² ou, quando apropriado, pelo teste exato de Fisher, e para o estudo dos efeitos dos suplementos foram realizados contrastes ortogonais. O grupo suplementado com BSA-FAF (G2 mostrou diminuição na taxa de oócitos que atingiram MII (75% em comparação aos grupos G1, G4, G5 e G8 (88,9%, 89,6%, 87% e 86,8%, respectivamente, sem diferir do do G3 (79,8%, G6 (82,9% e G7 (82,9%. Ademais, o G3 também apresentou diminuição na taxa de maturação nuclear quando comparado ao G4. Quanto à maturação citoplasmática, nos grupos G2, G7, G6 e G3, houve redução (p<0,05 das taxas para 43,9%, 43,2%, 43

Análise comparativa da competividade do Brasil e EUA no mercado internacional da carne bovina

OpenAIRE

Matheus Dhein Dill; Vitor Francisco Dalla Corte; Júlio Otávio Jardim Barcellos; Maria Eugênia Andrighetto Canozzi; Tamara Esteves de Oliveira

2013-01-01

O Brasil e os EUA estão entre os principais produtores mundiais de carne bovina. Entretanto, distorções no mercado alimentar decorrentes da presença de barreiras comerciais podem comprometer a competitividade desses países. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a competitividade da carne bovina brasileira e norte-americana, no mercado internacional, entre 1990 e 2008. Para isso, foi utilizado o Índice de Competitividade Revelada (CR) para inferir sobre os efeitos que subsídios, acordos come...

Effects of PEG size on structure, function and stability of PEGylated BSA

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Plesner, Bitten; Fee, Conan J.; Westh, Peter

2011-01-01

The effects of PEGylation on the structural, thermal and functional stability of bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated using BSA and 6 linear mono-PEGylated BSA compounds. The secondary and tertiary structure of BSA measured by circular dichroism (CD) was independent of PEGylation. In cont...

Situation of bovine tuberculosis in Ecuador Situación de la tuberculosis bovina en el Ecuador

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Freddy Proaño-Pérez

2011-09-01

Full Text Available Bovine tuberculosis (BTB is a chronic and contagious disease that affects domestic animals, wildlife, and humans. Caused by Mycobacterium bovis, BTB causes major economic losses and poses a serious constraint to international livestock trade. Moreover, in developing countries where BTB controls are lacking, M. bovis is a public health concern. In most developing countries, the prevalence of BTB in livestock is unknown because the information is either not reported or not available. In Ecuador, there is no national BTB control program. This article reviews the BTB situation in Ecuador by examining exhaustive data from tuberculin testing surveys and slaughterhouse surveillance studies conducted in 1972-2008 in a variety of the country's geographic areas. In Ecuador, several factors, including the dairy industry's expansion (preempted by the high demand for milk and its by-products, intensified efforts to increase the cattle population, the presence of M. bovis, and a lack of BTB controls, have caused a rise in BTB prevalence, and consequently, a growing push for the implementation of a national BTB control program.La tuberculosis bovina es una enfermedad contagiosa crónica que afecta a los animales domésticos, los animales salvajes y los seres humanos. Es producida por Mycobacterium bovis; causa grandes pérdidas económicas y plantea una grave limitación para el comercio ganadero internacional. Por otro lado, en los países en desarrollo donde no hay controles de la tuberculosis bovina, la infección por M. bovis representa un problema de salud pública. En la mayoría de los países en desarrollo, la prevalencia de tuberculosis en el ganado se desconoce porque la información no se comunica o no se consigue. En el Ecuador no hay un programa nacional de control de la tuberculosis bovina. En este artículo se revisa la situación de la tuberculosis bovina en el Ecuador, sobre la base de un análisis de los datos exhaustivos obtenidos de

Influência da taxa de congelamento no comportamento físico-químico e estrutural durante a liofilização da albumina bovina Influence of cooling rate on the structural and phase changes during lyophilization of bovine serum albumin

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Virgilio Tattini Jr

2006-03-01

Full Text Available A liofilização é o método mais comumente utilizado para a preparação de proteínas desidratadas, as quais devem apresentar estabilidade adequada por longo período de armazenagem em temperaturas ambientes. Entretanto, estudos recentes com espectroscopia no infravermelho têm documentado que os problemas relacionados com o congelamento e a desidratação induzidos pela liofilização podem levar ao desdobramento molecular da proteína. Através de análises por espectroscopia Raman, associadas com análise térmica por calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC, estudou-se a influência da taxa de congelamento no comportamento físico-químico e estrutural da albumina sérica bovina submetida ao processo de liofilização. Observou-se que a albumina liofilizada com taxa de congelamento de 2,5 °C/min apresentou maior alteração estrutural quando comparada à albumina liofilizada com taxa de congelamento de 30 °C/min, a qual apresentou menores oscilações espectrais nas regiões da amida I, III e pontes de dissulfeto, favorecendo a manutenção da conformação estrutural da proteína.Lyophilization (freeze-drying is the most commonly method used to prepare dehydrated proteins, which should have the desired long-term stability at ambient temperatures. However, recent infrared spectroscopic studies have documented that the acute freezing and dehydration stresses of lyophilization can induce protein unfolding. Through Raman spectroscopy associated with thermal analysis using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC, it was studied the influence of cooling rate on the structural and phase changes during lyophilization of bovine serum albumin. It was observed that bovine serum albumin (BSA lyophilized under slow freezing (2.5 ºC/min presented higher structure damage than the BSA lyophilized under fast freezing (30 ºC/min However, the lyophilization process using cooling rate of 30 ºC/min presented fewer spectra alterations on the Amide I

Electrophoretic properties of BSA-coated quantum dots.

Science.gov (United States)

Bücking, Wendelin; Massadeh, Salam; Merkulov, Alexei; Xu, Shu; Nann, Thomas

2010-02-01

Low toxic InP/ZnS quantum dots (QDs), ZnS:Mn(2+)/ZnS nanocrystals and CdSe/ZnS nanoparticles were rendered water-dispersible by different ligand-exchange methods. Eventually, they were coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein. All particles were characterised by isotachophoresis (ITP), laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) and agarose gel electrophoresis. It was found that the electrophoretic mobility and colloidal stability of ZnS:Mn(2+)/ZnS and CdSe/ZnS nanoparticles, which bore short-chain surface ligands, was primarily governed by charges on the nanoparticles, whereas InP/ZnS nanocrystals were not charged per se. BSA-coated nanoparticles showed lower electrophoretic mobility, which was attributed to their larger size and smaller overall charge. However, these particles were colloidally stable. This stability was probably caused by steric stabilisation of the BSA coating.

Water sorption and glass transition of amorphous sugars containing BSA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Imamura, K.; Suzuki, T.; Tatsumichi, T.; Kirii, S.; Okazaki, M. [Kyoto Univ., Kyoto (Japan). Dept. of Chemical Engineering

2000-08-01

Water sorption and glass transition of four amorphous sugars (lactose, maltose, sucrose, and trehalose) containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) are investigated. Freeze-dried sugar-BSA samples equilibrated at several water activities ranging from 0 to 0.43 were prepared. Moisture content and glass transition temperature (T{sub g}) were measured. For the all sugars, it is found that BSA lowers T{sub g} at low water activity, and raises it at high water activity. It is also found that the difference between T{sub g} of the sugar-BSA samples and that of the corresponding amorphous sugar samples (T{sub g0}) depends mainly on T{sub g0}. (author)

[Spectroscopic studies on the interaction of nicotine and BSA].

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Yun; Kong, Xiang-rong; Shen, Xinag-can; Liang, Hong

2005-10-01

The interaction of nicotine and bovine serum albumin(BSA) was investigated by fluorescence spectra and UV-vis spectra. The fluorescence spectrum showed that BSA fluorescence quench regularly with the addition of nicotine.The fluorescence quenching mechanisms were also studied in pH 5.0, pH 7.4 and pH 11.0 by Stern-Volmer equation, indicating dynamic quenching(pH 5.0) and static quenching(pH 7.4 and pH 11.0) respectively. Association constants (k) of nicotine and BSA at pH 7.4 and pH 11.0 at the temperatures of 20 and 37 degrees C were given by the Lineweaver-Buck equation, which are: k(20 degrees C) = 140.15 L x mol(-1) and k(37 degrees C) = 131.83 mol x L(-1) (pH 7.4), and k(20 degrees C) = 141.76 mol x L(-1), k(37 degrees C) = 27.79 mol x L(-1) (pH 11.0), suggesting that the association constant is effected by the temperature much more remarkably at pH 7.4 than that at pH 11.0 because of the different states of nicotine at different pHs. The UV-Vis spectra exhibit that the absorbance of BSA(210 nm) shifts to red and decreases gradually with the addition of nicotine, reflecting the transition of secondary structure of BSA, namely, the helix of BSA becomes looser. The UV-Vis second derivative spectra and synchronous spectra (delta wavelength = wavelength(em) - wavelength(ex) = 15 nm and delta wavelength = wavelength(em) - wavelength(ex) = 60 nm) imply the change of the microcircumstance of aromatic amino residues of BSA(Trp, Tyr and Phe) from hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity at high concentration of nicotine.

Residual bovine serum albumin (BSA) quantitation in vaccines using automated Capillary Western technology.

Science.gov (United States)

Loughney, John W; Lancaster, Catherine; Ha, Sha; Rustandi, Richard R

2014-09-15

Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is a major component of fetal bovine serum (FBS), which is commonly used as a culture medium during vaccine production. Because BSA can cause allergic reactions in humans the World Health Organization (WHO) has set a guidance of 50 ng or less residual BSA per vaccine dose. Vaccine manufacturers are expected to develop sensitive assays to detect residual BSA. Generally, sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are used in the industry to detect these low levels of BSA. We report the development of a new improved method for residual BSA detection using the SimpleWestern technology to analyze residual BSA in an attenuated virus vaccine. The method is based on automated Capillary Western and has linearity of two logs, >80% spike recovery (accuracy), intermediate precision of CV <15%, and LOQ of 5.2 ng/ml. The final method was applied to analyze BSA in four lots of bulk vaccine products and was used to monitor BSA clearance during vaccine process purification. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Bienestar animal durante el transporte y su relación con la calidad de la carne bovina

OpenAIRE

Marlyn Romero P.; Jorge Sánchez V.

2012-01-01

RESUMENEl bienestar animal (BA) es un elemento diferenciador en la comercialización de la carne bovina a nivel internacional, aunque no forma parte de los acuerdos comerciales, se pueden citar ejemplos de las experiencias de Chile, Argentina, Brasil y Uruguay con la Unión Europea, que los ha privilegiado para la exportación de carne fresca bovina con este valor agregado. Durante el transporte, cargue y descargue los bovinos son sometidos a factores estresantes que afectan su bienestar y la ca...

Efeito da injeção de diferentes concentrações de cloreto de cálcio na textura e aceitabilidade de carne bovina maturada Effeet of different concentration of calcium chloride in texture and aceitability of aged beef

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Riana Jordão Barrozo Heinemann

2003-12-01

Full Text Available A maturação a vácuo é uma das alternativas tecnológicas mais utilizadas para melhorar e padronizar a textura da carne bovina. Nesse processo, o amaciamento decorre da ação de enzimas proteolíticas endógenas, dentre as quais se destacam as calpaínas, cuja atividade depende da presença de íons cálcio livres no sarcoplasma. Por isso, a adição de soluções de cloreto de cálcio promove um incremento na proteólise durante a maturação. No entanto, dependendo da concentração, esse sal pode causar a formação de sabor desagradável. Assim, neste trabalho, avaliou-se o efeito da adição, na razão de 5% (v/p, de soluções 100, 200 e 300mM de CaCl2, seguida de maturação por 14 dias, na proteólise, maciez e sabor de amostras de carne bovina (m. Longissimus dorsi. A fragmentação miofibrilar foi intensificada e a força de cisalhamento diminuída pelo aumento da concentração salina. O efeito da concentração de cloreto de cálcio sobre a aceitabilidade das amostras foi melhor representado por uma curva de resposta de efeito quadrático, cuja equação indicou que a concentração mais adequada para a aplicação desse procedimento tecnológico é de 181,14mM. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a adição de solução de cloreto de cálcio, seguida de maturação, representa uma possibilidade tecnológica para melhoria de qualidade de carne bovina in natura.Vacuum aging is one of the technological alternatives to improve and standard beef texture. In this process, the tenderization derives from endogenous proteolytic enzymes action, where calpains are involved and their activity is dependent on the level of free calcium in the sarcoplasm. The direct addition of calcium increases proteolysis during aging, but in some concentrations may cause off-flavor. This work evaluated the effect of addition, on a 5% (v/w basis, of 100, 200 and 300mM of CaCl2 solutions followed by vacuum aging for 14 days, on fragmentation, tenderness and

BSA treatment to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose in lignin containing substrates.

Science.gov (United States)

Yang, Bin; Wyman, Charles E

2006-07-05

Cellulase and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were added to Avicel cellulose and solids containing 56% cellulose and 28% lignin from dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment of corn stover. Little BSA was adsorbed on Avicel cellulose, while pretreated corn stover solids adsorbed considerable amounts of this protein. On the other hand, cellulase was highly adsorbed on both substrates. Adding a 1% concentration of BSA to dilute acid pretreated corn stover prior to enzyme addition at 15 FPU/g cellulose enhanced filter paper activity in solution by about a factor of 2 and beta-glucosidase activity in solution by about a factor of 14. Overall, these results suggested that BSA treatment reduced adsorption of cellulase and particularly beta-glucosidase on lignin. Of particular note, BSA treatment of pretreated corn stover solids prior to enzymatic hydrolysis increased 72 h glucose yields from about 82% to about 92% at a cellulase loading of 15 FPU/g cellulose or achieved about the same yield at a loading of 7.5 FPU/g cellulose. Similar improvements were also observed for enzymatic hydrolysis of ammonia fiber explosion (AFEX) pretreated corn stover and Douglas fir treated by SO(2) steam explosion and for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of BSA pretreated corn stover. In addition, BSA treatment prior to hydrolysis reduced the need for beta-glucosidase supplementation of SSF. The results are consistent with non-specific competitive, irreversible adsorption of BSA on lignin and identify promising strategies to reduce enzyme requirements for cellulose hydrolysis. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Effect of quencher, denaturants, temperature and pH on the fluorescent properties of BSA protected gold nanoclusters

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Chib, Rahul, E-mail: Rahul.chib@live.unthsc.edu [Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Center for Fluorescence Technologies and Nanomedicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107 (United States); Butler, Susan [Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Center for Fluorescence Technologies and Nanomedicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107 (United States); Raut, Sangram [Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Center for Fluorescence Technologies and Nanomedicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107 (United States); Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129 (United States); Shah, Sunil; Borejdo, Julian [Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Center for Fluorescence Technologies and Nanomedicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107 (United States); Gryczynski, Zygmunt [Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Center for Fluorescence Technologies and Nanomedicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107 (United States); Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129 (United States); Gryczynski, Ignacy, E-mail: ignacy.gryczynski@unthsc.edu [Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Center for Fluorescence Technologies and Nanomedicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107 (United States)

2015-12-15

In this paper, we have synthesized BSA protected gold nanoclusters (BSA Au nanocluster) and studied the effect of quencher, protein denaturant, pH and temperature on the fluorescence properties of the tryptophan molecule of the BSA Au nanocluster and native BSA. We have also studied their effect on the peak emission of BSA Au nanoclusters (650 nm). The photophysical characterization of a newly developed fluorophore in different environments is absolutely necessary to futher develop their biomedical and analytical applications. It was observed from our experiments that the tryptophan in BSA Au nanoclusters is better shielded from the polar environment. Tryptophan in native BSA showed a red shift in its peak emission wavelength position. Tryptophan is a highly polarity sensitive dye and a minimal change in its microenvironment can be easily observed in its photophysical properties. - Highlights: • Tryptophan is easily accessible in native BSA compared to BSA Au nanoclusters. • Guanidine HCL denatures native BSA more compared to BSA Au nanoclusters. • High temperature decreases the quantum yield of tryptophan and BSA Au nanocluster. • Emission wavelength of BSA Au nanoclusters remains constant with increasing pH. • BSA Au nanoclusters are robust to the changes in their environments.

Effect of quencher, denaturants, temperature and pH on the fluorescent properties of BSA protected gold nanoclusters

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chib, Rahul; Butler, Susan; Raut, Sangram; Shah, Sunil; Borejdo, Julian; Gryczynski, Zygmunt; Gryczynski, Ignacy

2015-01-01

In this paper, we have synthesized BSA protected gold nanoclusters (BSA Au nanocluster) and studied the effect of quencher, protein denaturant, pH and temperature on the fluorescence properties of the tryptophan molecule of the BSA Au nanocluster and native BSA. We have also studied their effect on the peak emission of BSA Au nanoclusters (650 nm). The photophysical characterization of a newly developed fluorophore in different environments is absolutely necessary to futher develop their biomedical and analytical applications. It was observed from our experiments that the tryptophan in BSA Au nanoclusters is better shielded from the polar environment. Tryptophan in native BSA showed a red shift in its peak emission wavelength position. Tryptophan is a highly polarity sensitive dye and a minimal change in its microenvironment can be easily observed in its photophysical properties. - Highlights: • Tryptophan is easily accessible in native BSA compared to BSA Au nanoclusters. • Guanidine HCL denatures native BSA more compared to BSA Au nanoclusters. • High temperature decreases the quantum yield of tryptophan and BSA Au nanocluster. • Emission wavelength of BSA Au nanoclusters remains constant with increasing pH. • BSA Au nanoclusters are robust to the changes in their environments.

Efeito da idade, sexo, altura do cupim e tipos de carcaça sobre características quantitativas e qualitativas da carcaça e da carne bovina

OpenAIRE

Luciane Correia Ribeiro

2003-01-01

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da idade, sexo, altura de cupim e tipificação de carcaças sobre as características quantitativas e qualitativas da carcaça e da carne bovina. Foram avaliados os pesos de carcaça quente, peso do quarto traseiro resfriado, área de olho de lombo, espessura de gordura de cobertura e grau de acabamento de 36 bovinos machos castrados de diferentes idades, avaliadas pela cronologia dentária, e 10 fêmeas adultas, escolhidos ao acaso na linha de matan...

Competitive interactions between glucose and lactose with BSA: which sugar is better for children?

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Qiulan; Ni, Yongnian; Kokot, Serge

2016-04-07

The interactions of the sugars glucose and lactose with the transport protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated using fluorescence, FT-IR and circular dichroism (CD) techniques. The results indicated that glucose could be bonded and transported by BSA, mainly involving hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions (ΔH = -86.13 kJ mol(-1)). The obtained fluorescence data from the binding of sugar and BSA were processed by the multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) method, and the extracted concentration profiles showed that the equilibrium constant, rglucose:BSA, was about 7. However, the binding of lactose to BSA did not quench the fluorescence significantly, and this indicated that lactose could not be directly transported by BSA. The binding experiments were further performed using the fluorescence titration method in the presence of calcium and BSA. Calcium was added so that the calcium/BSA reactions could be studied in the presence or absence of glucose, lactose or hydrolysis products. The results showed that hydrolyzed lactose seemed to enhance calcium absorption in bovine animals. It would also appear that for children, lactose provides better nutrition; however, glucose is better for adults.

Análisis del potencial exportador colombiano de carne bovina y porcina a la Federación Rusa

OpenAIRE

Bautista Díaz, Camilo Andrés; Rojas Mesa, Camilo Andrés

2017-01-01

El estudio del potencial exportador colombiano de carne bovina y porcina a la Federación Rusa en función de su oferta y demanda es un proyecto que pertenece a la línea de realidad dentro del área de investigación de la Universidad del Rosario. Es una investigación tipo exploratoria con un enfoque cualitativo que buscará dar respuesta a si Colombia cuenta con el potencial exportador de carne bovina y porcina al mercado de la Federación Rusa. El marco teórico que justifica el proyecto de inv...

SANS study of interaction of silica nanoparticles with BSA protein and their resultant structure

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yadav, Indresh; Aswal, V. K.; Kohlbrecher, J.

2014-01-01

Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) has been carried out to study the interaction of anionic silica nanoparticles (88 Å) with globular protein Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) (M.W. 66.4 kD) in aqueous solution. The measurements have been carried out on fixed concentration (1 wt %) of Ludox silica nanoparticles with varying concentration of BSA (0–5 wt %) at pH7. Results show that silica nanoparticles and BSA coexist as individual entities at low concentration of BSA where electrostatic repulsive interactions between them prevent their aggregation. However, as the concentration of BSA increases (≥ 0.5 wt %), it induces the attractive depletion interaction among nanoparticles leading to finally their aggregation at higher BSA concentration (2 wt %). The aggregates are found to be governed by the diffusion limited aggregation (DLA) morphology of fractal nature having fractal dimension about 2.4

LACTIC ACID BACTERIA WITH ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST PATHOGENIC AGENT CAUSING OF BOVINE MASTITIS BACTERIAS ACIDO LACTICAS CON ACTIVIDAD ANTIMICROBIANA CONTRA PATÓGENOS CAUSANTES DE MASTITIS BOVINA OUT BACTÉRIAS LÁTICAS COM ATIVIDADE ANTIMICROBIANA CONTRA OUT PATÓGENOS DA MASTITE BOVINA

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LILIANA SERNA C

2011-06-01

Full Text Available The use of antibiotics to treat bovine mastitis, produces antibiotic residues in milk and decreased quality of dairy products. Lactic acid bacteria have been proposed as an alternative to avoid the use of antibiotics. This paper reports the antimicrobial activity against pathogens responsible of bovine mastitis, of 4 lactic acid strains isolated from cattle in a state of acidosis ruminal. It also evaluated the specific growth rate (m and antimicrobial activity of one of the strains, using two concentrations of carbon source (20 and 60 gl-1 in the commercial substrate MRS. The strains were biochemically identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus fermen-tum and Weissella confusa. Weissella confusa showed the best antimicrobial activity against the major pathogens responsible of bovine mastitis. When has been used 60 gl-1 of total sugars in the fermentation substrate, was obtained diameter of inhibition of 31 mm for Staphylococcus aureus and 36 mm for Streptococcus agalactiae. The antimicrobial activity of Weissella confusa is superior antimicrobial activity reported by many other lactic acid bacteria, therefore Weissella confusa could potentially be used to prevent bovine mastitis.El uso de antibióticos para el tratamiento de mastitis bovina, genera residuos de antibióticos en la leche y disminuye la calidad de los subproductos lácteos. Las bacterias ácido lácticas se han propuesto como una alternativa para evitar el uso de antibióticos. En este artículo se reporta la actividad antimicrobiana contra patógenos productores de mastitis bovina, de 4 cepas acido lácticas aisladas de bovinos en estado de acidosis ruminal. Se evaluó además la velocidad especifica de crecimiento (m y la actividad antimicrobiana de una de las cepas, utilizando dos concentraciones de fuente de carbono (20 y 60 gl-1 en el sustrato comercial MRS. Las cepas se identificaron bioquímicamente como Lactobacillus acidophilus

Agripec : um modelo para estimar custos economicos e emissões de gases efeito-estufa para a pecuaria bovina brasileira

OpenAIRE

Costa, Thelmo Vergara de Almeida Martins

2011-01-01

A criação bovina é um importante emissor de Gases Efeito Estufa (GEE) do Brasil. A maior parte das emissões de metano vem da fermentação entérica, resultado normal do processo digestivo dos animais ruminantes como os bovinos. No entanto, a tarefa de analisar a contribuição da pecuária bovina nas emissões de GEEs necessita da identificação dos contextos regionais em que ocorrem os diferentes sistemas de produção no Brasil. Assim, para se comparar diferentes sistemas produtivos, é necessário se...

Doxorubicin hinders DNA condensation promoted by the protein bovine serum albumin (BSA).

Science.gov (United States)

Lima, C H M; de Paula, H M C; da Silva, L H M; Rocha, M S

2017-12-01

In this work, we have studied the interaction between the anticancer drug doxorubicin (doxo) and condensed DNA, using optical tweezers. To perform this task, we use the protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the working buffer to mimic two key conditions present in the real intracellular environment: the condensed state of the DNA and the abundant presence of charged macromolecules in the surrounding medium. In particular, we have found that, when doxo is previously intercalated in disperse DNA, the drug hinders the DNA condensation process upon the addition of BSA in the buffer. On the other hand, when bare DNA is firstly condensed by BSA, doxo is capable to intercalate and to unfold the DNA condensates at relatively high concentrations. In addition, a specific interaction between BSA and doxo was verified, which significantly changes the chemical equilibrium of the DNA-doxo interaction. Finally, the presence of BSA in the buffer stabilizes the double-helix structure of the DNA-doxo complexes, preventing partial DNA denaturation induced by the stretching forces. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Spectroscopic characterization and docking studies of ZnO nanoparticle modified with BSA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ledesma, Ana E.; Chemes, Doly María; Frías, María de los Angeles; Guauque Torres, Maria del Pilar

2017-01-01

Highlights: • The ZnO NPs have synthesized at moderate temperature and conjugated with BSA to elucidate the characteristics of best binding site in the protein cavity. • The Docking studies have successfully applied to identify the amino acids residues involved in the interaction. • The cytotoxicity of ZnO NPs and ZnO-BSA NPs and esterase-like activity of the protein have evaluated, with very promising results for medical applications. - Abstract: Nanoparticles (NP) into a biological environment are an interesting topic for diagnosis and therapy in applications for medicine or environment and the knowledge about this interaction is important from the perspective of safe use of nanomaterials. In the current study, we characterized the type of interaction and the orientation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorbed on ZnO nanoparticle surfaces as a function of size, using molecular docking. To probe experimentally different theoretical hypothesis about the interaction, ZnO-NPs were prepared in aqueous solution, and then were bioconjugated with BSA. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy confirm the spherical shape of NP and the irreversible adsorption of BSA on NP surface. Raman and Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) reveal that BSA interaction with ZnO nanoparticle produced a conformational rearrangement into protein, observing changes in Tyr and Trp environment, a minor percentage of α-helix structure and a more extended chain. The fluorescence analysis demonstrated that when BSA concentration higher than 30 μM is used the signal due to the self-oligomerization of protein overlaps with the ZnO nanoparticle emission. The results predicted that the most probable interaction site is near to domain IB and IIA and ionic interactions are the major responsible for the binding. Thermal stability studies reveals that the denaturalization temperature of BSA increase from 57 °C to 65 °C in presence of ZnO NP and their esterase-like activity was

Spectroscopic characterization and docking studies of ZnO nanoparticle modified with BSA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ledesma, Ana E., E-mail: anael@unse.edu.ar [CITSE-UNSE, CONICET, FCEyT, RN 9, km 1125, 4206 Santiago del Estero (Argentina); Chemes, Doly María [INQUINOA, UNT, CONICET, FBQyF, San Lorenzo 456, San Miguel de Tucumán CPA T4000ILI, Tucumán (Argentina); Frías, María de los Angeles [Laboratory of Biointerphases and Biomimetic Systems, (CITSE) National University of Santiago del Estero and CONICET, 4206, RN 9- Km 1125, Santiago del Estero (Argentina); Guauque Torres, Maria del Pilar [CITSE-UNSE, CONICET, FCEyT, RN 9, km 1125, 4206 Santiago del Estero (Argentina)

2017-08-01

Highlights: • The ZnO NPs have synthesized at moderate temperature and conjugated with BSA to elucidate the characteristics of best binding site in the protein cavity. • The Docking studies have successfully applied to identify the amino acids residues involved in the interaction. • The cytotoxicity of ZnO NPs and ZnO-BSA NPs and esterase-like activity of the protein have evaluated, with very promising results for medical applications. - Abstract: Nanoparticles (NP) into a biological environment are an interesting topic for diagnosis and therapy in applications for medicine or environment and the knowledge about this interaction is important from the perspective of safe use of nanomaterials. In the current study, we characterized the type of interaction and the orientation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorbed on ZnO nanoparticle surfaces as a function of size, using molecular docking. To probe experimentally different theoretical hypothesis about the interaction, ZnO-NPs were prepared in aqueous solution, and then were bioconjugated with BSA. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy confirm the spherical shape of NP and the irreversible adsorption of BSA on NP surface. Raman and Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) reveal that BSA interaction with ZnO nanoparticle produced a conformational rearrangement into protein, observing changes in Tyr and Trp environment, a minor percentage of α-helix structure and a more extended chain. The fluorescence analysis demonstrated that when BSA concentration higher than 30 μM is used the signal due to the self-oligomerization of protein overlaps with the ZnO nanoparticle emission. The results predicted that the most probable interaction site is near to domain IB and IIA and ionic interactions are the major responsible for the binding. Thermal stability studies reveals that the denaturalization temperature of BSA increase from 57 °C to 65 °C in presence of ZnO NP and their esterase-like activity was

Fluorescence spectral studies on interaction of fluorescent probes with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ghosh, Kaushik, E-mail: ghoshfcy@iitr.ac.in; Rathi, Sweety; Arora, Deepshikha

2016-07-15

Interaction of 2-(1-(naphthale-1-ylimino)ethyl)phenol (1), 2-methoxy-4-(((4-methoxyphenyl)imino)methyl)phenol (2) and 2-methoxy-4-((naphthalene-1-ylimino)methyl)phenol (3) with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) was examined. Fluorescence spectral data were obtained from the probes by varying the concentration of BSA as well as from BSA by varying the concentration of probes. Synchronous fluorescence measurements were performed and binding constants of the probes were calculated. To understand mode of quenching, Stern–Volmer plot, absorption spectral studies and life time measurements were performed. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) was also scrutinized. - Highlights: • Schiff bases with pendant phenolato function and interaction with BSA. • Synchronous fluorescence studies and a preferred interaction with tryptophan. • Probable interaction of probes with Trp-213 residue in the hydrophobic cavity. • 1:1 binding stoichiometry of probes and BSA in Benesi–Hildebrand graph.

Infecção em humanos por varíola bovina na microrregião de Itajubá, Estado de Minas Gerais: relato de caso Human infection by the cowpox virus in the microregion of Itajubá, state of Minas Gerais: case report

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Afonso Carlos da Silva

2008-10-01

Full Text Available Os autores relatam três casos de varíola bovina em humanos, ordenhadores manuais em vacas infectadas, na microrregião de Itajubá, MG. As técnicas diagnósticas foram: isolamento de amostra semelhante ao vírus vaccinia de secreções das lesões cutâneas, reação em cadeia de polimerase, microscopia eletrônica e anticorpos para Orthopoxvirus no sangue dos pacientes.The authors report three human cases of cowpox infection, among farm workers who were manually milking infected cows, in the microregion of Itajubá, Minas Gerais. The diagnostic techniques used were: isolation of samples similar to the vaccinia virus, from skin lesion secretions; polymerase chain reaction; electronic microscopy; and antibodies for Orthopoxvirus in the patients' blood.

Testes de ELISA e vírus-neutralização na detecção de anticorpos contra o vírus da diarréia viral bovina no leite

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Diego A.F. Sturza

2011-11-01

Full Text Available O sucesso na estratégia de controle e erradicação do vírus da diarréia viral bovina (BVDV, passa necessariamente pela identificação e eliminação dos animais persistentemente infectados (PI. Como esses animais excretam continuamente o vírus em suas secreções e excreções, a prevalência de anticorpos no rebanho, frequentemente é alta e com altos títulos. Devido a essas características, amostras de tanques coletivos de leite, foram submetidas a duas técnicas sorológicas, a fim de estabelecer a mais adequada na realização de triagem de rebanhos. Para isso, 767 amostras coletivas de leite foram submetidas à análise por um kit ELISA indireto (teste referência e pela técnica de vírus-neutralização (VNT adaptada (teste proposto. Devido aos efeitos tóxicos do leite sobre o cultivo celular, a adaptação consistiu no aumento do volume final na etapa de incubação celular. Foram positivas, 177 e 139 amostras no ELISA e na VNT, respectivamente. Com isso, a VNT adaptada apresentou uma sensibilidade de 76,8% e uma especificidade de 99,5%. O índice Kappa (k foi de 0,82, demonstrando uma ótima concordância entre as duas técnicas. A análise do coeficiente de correlação entre os valores de absorbância no ELISA (OD e os títulos de anticorpos na VNT nas amostras positivas, demonstrou uma positividade moderada (r = 0,57 com p < 0,05. No entanto, várias amostras com títulos altos na VNT apresentaram ODs moderadas ou baixas. Por outro lado, algumas amostras com títulos neutralizantes baixos apresentaram ODs altas. Como a presença de animais PI é sugerida por títulos neutralizantes ≥ 80, conclui-se que a técnica de VNT adaptada é mais adequada para a realização de triagem em amostras coletivas de leite quando objetiva-se detectar rebanhos com altos títulos de anticorpos.

Ascorbic Acid and BSA Protein in Solution and Films: Interaction and Surface Morphological Structure

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Rafael R. G. Maciel

2013-01-01

Full Text Available This paper reports on the study of the interactions between ascorbic acid (AA and bovine serum albumin (BSA in aqueous solution as well as in films (BSA/AA films prepared by the layer-by-layer technique. Regarding to solution studies, a hyperchromism (in the range of ultraviolet was found as a function of AA concentration, which suggested the formation of aggregates from AA and BSA. Binding constant, , determined for aggregates from BSA and AA was found to be about 102 M−1, which indicated low affinity of AA with BSA. For the BSA/AA films, it was also noted that the AA adsorption process and surface morphological structures depended on AA concentration. By changing the contact time between the AA and BSA, a hypochromism was revealed, which was associated to decrease of accessibility of solvent to tryptophan due to formation of aggregates. Furthermore, different morphological structures of aggregates were observed, which were attributed to the diffusion-limited aggregation. Since most of studies of interactions of drugs and proteins are performed in solution, the analysis of these processes by using films can be very valuable because this kind of system is able to employ several techniques of investigation in solid state.

The BsaHI restriction-modification system: Cloning, sequencing and analysis of conserved motifs

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Roberts Richard J

2008-05-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Restriction and modification enzymes typically recognise short DNA sequences of between two and eight bases in length. Understanding the mechanism of this recognition represents a significant challenge that we begin to address for the BsaHI restriction-modification system, which recognises the six base sequence GRCGYC. Results The DNA sequences of the genes for the BsaHI methyltransferase, bsaHIM, and restriction endonuclease, bsaHIR, have been determined (GenBank accession #EU386360, cloned and expressed in E. coli. Both the restriction endonuclease and methyltransferase enzymes share significant similarity with a group of 6 other enzymes comprising the restriction-modification systems HgiDI and HgiGI and the putative HindVP, NlaCORFDP, NpuORFC228P and SplZORFNP restriction-modification systems. A sequence alignment of these homologues shows that their amino acid sequences are largely conserved and highlights several motifs of interest. We target one such conserved motif, reading SPERRFD, at the C-terminal end of the bsaHIR gene. A mutational analysis of these amino acids indicates that the motif is crucial for enzymatic activity. Sequence alignment of the methyltransferase gene reveals a short motif within the target recognition domain that is conserved among enzymes recognising the same sequences. Thus, this motif may be used as a diagnostic tool to define the recognition sequences of the cytosine C5 methyltransferases. Conclusion We have cloned and sequenced the BsaHI restriction and modification enzymes. We have identified a region of the R. BsaHI enzyme that is crucial for its activity. Analysis of the amino acid sequence of the BsaHI methyltransferase enzyme led us to propose two new motifs that can be used in the diagnosis of the recognition sequence of the cytosine C5-methyltransferases.

Spectroscopic characterization and docking studies of ZnO nanoparticle modified with BSA

Science.gov (United States)

Ledesma, Ana E.; Chemes, Doly María; Frías, María de los Angeles; Guauque Torres, Maria del Pilar

2017-08-01

Nanoparticles (NP) into a biological environment are an interesting topic for diagnosis and therapy in applications for medicine or environment and the knowledge about this interaction is important from the perspective of safe use of nanomaterials. In the current study, we characterized the type of interaction and the orientation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorbed on ZnO nanoparticle surfaces as a function of size, using molecular docking. To probe experimentally different theoretical hypothesis about the interaction, ZnO-NPs were prepared in aqueous solution, and then were bioconjugated with BSA. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy confirm the spherical shape of NP and the irreversible adsorption of BSA on NP surface. Raman and Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) reveal that BSA interaction with ZnO nanoparticle produced a conformational rearrangement into protein, observing changes in Tyr and Trp environment, a minor percentage of α-helix structure and a more extended chain. The fluorescence analysis demonstrated that when BSA concentration higher than 30 μM is used the signal due to the self-oligomerization of protein overlaps with the ZnO nanoparticle emission. The results predicted that the most probable interaction site is near to domain IB and IIA and ionic interactions are the major responsible for the binding. Thermal stability studies reveals that the denaturalization temperature of BSA increase from 57 °C to 65 °C in presence of ZnO NP and their esterase-like activity was improved.

AVALIAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DE HAMBÚRGUER DE CARNE BOVINA E DE FRANGO SUBMETIDOS A DIFERENTES PROCESSAMENTOS TÉRMICOS

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Cristiane Maria de BORBA

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Neste experimento, objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade físico-química de hambúrgueres de carne bovina e de frango submetidos a diferentes tratamentos térmicos: cozimento em micro-ondas, forno convencional e fritura. Composição centesimal e rendimento, percentual de perda de peso e grau de encolhimento (retração, foram avaliados. As análises foram realizadas em triplicata. O método micro-ondas foi o que apresentou as maiores perdas de umidade, peso e maior grau de retração para os dois tipos de carne estudados. Tanto para hambúrguer de carne bovina como de frango o maior percentual de proteínas e cinzas foi encontrado no método micro-ondas, no entanto o percentual de lipídios foi maior no método micro-ondas para hambúrguer de frango e no frito para hambúrguer de carne bovina.

Conjugation of nano and quantum materials with bovine serum albumin (BSA) to study their biological potential

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Singh, Suman, E-mail: sumansingh01@gmail.com [Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh (India); Kaur, Rajnish; Chahal, Jitender; Devi, P. [Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh (India); Jain, D.V.S. [Panjab University, Chandigarh (India); Singla, M.L., E-mail: singla_min@yahoo.co.in [Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh (India)

2013-09-15

Conjugates of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and semiconductor quantum dots (CdS/T) have been synthesized with bovine serum albumin (BSA) using wet chemistry. The optical properties of nano and quantum materials and their BSA conjugate have been studied using UV–Visible and Fluorescence spectroscopy. UV–Visible spectrum of pure BSA showed an absorption maximum at 278 nm, which showed blue shift after its conjugation with nano and quantum materials. Increased concentration of AuNPs during conjugation resulted in broadening of BSA peak (278 nm), which can be related to the formation of ground state complex formation, caused by the partial adsorption of BSA on the surface of NPs. However, increased concentrations of BSA resulted in decrease in SPR intensity of gold nanoparticles (528 nm) and absorbance peak of BSA started diminishing. AuNPs acted as quencher for BSA fluorescence intensity, when excited at 280 nm. The binding constant (K) and the number of binding sites (n) between AuNPs and BSA have been found to be 1.97×10{sup 2} LM{sup −1} and 0.6 respectively. With quantum dots, conjugation resulted in enhancement of fluorescence emission of quantum dots when excited at 300 nm, which might be due to the stabilizing effect of BSA on QDs or due to energy transfer from tryptophan moieties of albumin to quantum dots. -- Highlights: • Synthesis of nanoparticles (AuNPs) and quantum dots (CdS). • Conjugation of these materials with bovine serum albumin. • Optical behavioral studies.

Redes, alianças estratégicas e intercooperação: o caso da cadeia produtiva de carne bovina Networks, strategic alliances and cooperation: the case of production chain of beef meat

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Marcelo José Braga

2010-07-01

Full Text Available O objetivo neste trabalho é discutir a formação de parcerias, redes e alianças estratégicas na cadeia de produção de carne bovina brasileira. É apresentada discussão acerca dos conceitos básicos de rede, alianças estratégicas e intercooperação. São analisados quatro casos, baseados na literatura existente. Finalmente, conclui-se apontando as razões de sucesso em uma aliança na cadeia analisada.The objective of this paper is to discuss the formation of partnerships, networks and strategic alliances in the production chain of Brazilian beef. The basic concepts of networks, strategic alliances and, cooperation are discussed. Four cases of alliances are analyzed, based on the existent literature. Finally, the work is finished pointing the success reasons in an alliance.

Desenvolvimento de uma reação em cadeia pela polimerase e comparação com a imunodifusão em gel de agar na detecção de infecções pelo vírus da leucemia bovina

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Marcelo Fernandes Camargos

2003-01-01

Full Text Available A reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR foi utilizada para a detecção do vírus da leucemia bovina (VLB em leucócitos periféricos de bovinos infectados. Os iniciadores utilizados foram construídos para amplificar uma parte do gene env do VLB. Os produtos da PCR foram analisados por eletroforese em gel de agarose corados por brometo de etídeo. A especificidade analítica da PCR foi confirmada por restrição enzimática dos produtos da reação com Bam HI e também pela análise da seqüência de três amostras. Sessenta e cinco animais foram testados para a presença de anticorpos anti-VLB, pela imunodifusão em gel de agar (IDGA e pela PCR, para detecção direta do VLB. Houve 73,80% de concordância entre os dois testes. Quatro animais positivos na IDGA foram PCR negativos, enquanto 13 animais negativos na IDGA foram positivos na PCR. A sensibilidade diagnóstica obtida foi de 0,87 e a especificidade diagnóstica 0,62. A PCR desenvolvida pode ser uma ferramenta complementar no diagnóstico de infecções causadas pelo VLB, mas deve ter sua sensibilidade diagnóstica melhorada.

Multifunctional BSA-Au nanostars for photoacoustic imaging and X-ray computed tomography.

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Zu, Lihui; Liu, Lin; Qin, Yeshan; Liu, Hongguang; Yang, Haishan

2016-10-01

We report the synthesis and characterization of bovine serum albumin-capped Au nanostars (BSA-AuNSs) for dual-modal computed tomography (CT)/photoacoustic (PA) imaging application. The BSA-AuNSs have an average size of 85nm, and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at approximately 770nm. They have excellent biocompatibility, good X-ray attenuation, and great PA contrast enhancement properties. When injected intravenously, liver signal markedly increases in both CT and PA modalities. The in vivo biodistribution studies and pathology results showed that the BSA-AuNSs were mainly excreted through the liver and intestines with no obvious biotoxicity. These results indicate that BSA-AuNSs have high potential to be used as dual-modal CT/PA imaging contrast agents or further used to develop targeted probes. This preliminary study suggests that PA tomography may be used to non-invasively trace the kinetics and biodistribution of the nanoparticles. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Binding interaction of ramipril with bovine serum albumin (BSA): Insights from multi-spectroscopy and molecular docking methods.

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Shi, Jie-Hua; Pan, Dong-Qi; Jiang, Min; Liu, Ting-Ting; Wang, Qi

2016-11-01

The binding interaction between a typical angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), ramipril, and a transport protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), was studied in vitro using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, steady-state fluorescence spectroscopic titration, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, three dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism and molecular docking under the imitated physiological conditions (pH=7.4). The experimental results suggested that the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA was quenched by ramipril thought a static quenching mechanism, indicating that the stable ramipril-BSA complex was formed by the intermolecular interaction. The number of binding sites (n) and binding constant of ramipril-BSA complex were about 1 and 3.50×10 4 M -1 at 298K, respectively, suggesting that there was stronger binding interaction of ramipril with BSA. The thermodynamic parameters together with molecular docking study revealed that both van der Waal's forces and hydrogen bonding interaction dominated the formation of the ramipril-BSA complex and the binding interaction of BSA with ramipril is enthalpy-driven processes due to |ΔH°|>|TΔS°| and ΔG°<0. The spatial distance between ramipril and BSA was calculated to be 3.56nm based on Förster's non-radiative energy transfer theory. The results of the competitive displacement experiments and molecular docking confirmed that ramipril inserted into the subdomain IIA (site I) of BSA, resulting in a slight change in the conformation of BSA but BSA still retained its secondary structure α-helicity. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Probing into the binding interaction between medroxyprogesterone acetate and bovine serum albumin (BSA): spectroscopic and molecular docking methods.

Science.gov (United States)

Fang, Fang; Pan, Dong-Qi; Qiu, Min-Jie; Liu, Ting-Ting; Jiang, Min; Wang, Qi; Shi, Jie-Hua

2016-09-01

To further understand the mechanism of action and pharmacokinetics of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), the binding interaction of MPA with bovine serum albumin (BSA) under simulated physiological conditions (pH 7.4) was studied using fluorescence emission spectroscopy, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism and molecular docking methods. The experimental results reveal that the fluorescence of BSA quenches due to the formation of MPA-BSA complex. The number of binding sites (n) and the binding constant for MPA-BSA complex are ~1 and 4.6 × 10(3)  M(-1) at 310 K, respectively. However, it can be concluded that the binding process of MPA with BSA is spontaneous and the main interaction forces between MPA and BSA are van der Waals force and hydrogen bonding interaction due to the negative values of ΔG(0) , ΔH(0) and ΔS(0) in the binding process of MPA with BSA. MPA prefers binding on the hydrophobic cavity in subdomain IIIA (site II'') of BSA resulting in a slight change in the conformation of BSA, but BSA retaining the α-helix structure. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Gold nanoparticles: BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) coating and X-ray irradiation produce variable-spectrum photoluminescence

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lee, Kuo-Hao [Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan (China); Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan (China); Lai, Sheng-Feng [Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan (China); Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan (China); Lin, Yan-Cheng; Chou, Wu-Ching [Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan (China); Ong, Edwin B.L. [Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan (China); Tan, Hui-Ru [Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, 3 Research Link, 117602 (Singapore); Tok, Eng Soon [Physics Department, National University of Singapore, 117542 (Singapore); Yang, C.S. [Center for Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan (China); Margaritondo, G. [Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne (Switzerland); Hwu, Y., E-mail: phhwu@sinica.edu.tw [Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan (China); Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan (China); Institute of Optoelectronic Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan (China)

2015-01-15

We show that by using different x-ray irradiation times of BSA-coated Au nanoparticles (NPs) we can change their ultraviolet-stimulated photoluminescence and shift the spectral weight over the visible spectral range. This is due to the interplay of two emission bands, one due to BSA and the other related to gold. The emission properties did not change with time over a period of several months. - Highlights: • Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) coated with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) are synthesized by x-ray irradiation. • BSA coated AuNPs with ∼1 nm size show strong photoluminescence in red by UV excitation. • The blue photoluminescence of BSA increase with x-ray irradiation. • Increase x-ray irradiation time during the synthesis shift the color of the colloid from red to blue.

Gold nanoparticles: BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) coating and X-ray irradiation produce variable-spectrum photoluminescence

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lee, Kuo-Hao; Lai, Sheng-Feng; Lin, Yan-Cheng; Chou, Wu-Ching; Ong, Edwin B.L.; Tan, Hui-Ru; Tok, Eng Soon; Yang, C.S.; Margaritondo, G.; Hwu, Y.

2015-01-01

We show that by using different x-ray irradiation times of BSA-coated Au nanoparticles (NPs) we can change their ultraviolet-stimulated photoluminescence and shift the spectral weight over the visible spectral range. This is due to the interplay of two emission bands, one due to BSA and the other related to gold. The emission properties did not change with time over a period of several months. - Highlights: • Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) coated with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) are synthesized by x-ray irradiation. • BSA coated AuNPs with ∼1 nm size show strong photoluminescence in red by UV excitation. • The blue photoluminescence of BSA increase with x-ray irradiation. • Increase x-ray irradiation time during the synthesis shift the color of the colloid from red to blue

Absorção de IgG via colostro em leitões biológicos e adotados após a uniformização da leitegada

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G Heim

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Nove fêmeas de quinto parto (OP5 foram imunizadas com 4mg e 2mg de albumina sérica bovina (BSA aos 70 e 100 dias de gestação, respectivamente. A uniformização da leitegada foi realizada 4,9±1,9h após o nascimento, antes de os leitões efetuarem a primeira mamada. As leitegadas foram compostas por cinco leitões biológicos (LB e cinco leitões adotados (LA, com pesos semelhantes ao nascimento. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue dos leitões ao nascimento e 24h após, das fêmeas ao pós-parto e de colostro de cada grupo de tetos ao parto e 24h após. As amostras de soro e colostro foram quantificadas para IgG pelo ELISA indireto. A densidade ótica de IgG anti-BSA (DOIgG-BSA dos leitões (24h de vida foi correlacionada com a das fêmeas. A DOIgG-BSA entre LB e LA foi semelhante, assim como entre os grupos de tetos, ao parto e 24h após. Entretanto, ocorreu redução na DOIgG-BSA do parto até 24h após. LB e LA absorveram a mesma quantidade de IgG via colostro, quando a uniformização foi realizada até 5h pós-parto, independentemente do teto em que os leitões mamaram, uma vez que esses possuem a mesma concentração de IgG.

Biomedical sensing analyzer (BSA) for mobile-health (mHealth)-LTE.

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Adibi, Sasan

2014-01-01

The rapid expansion of mobile-based systems, the capabilities of smartphone devices, as well as the radio access and cellular network technologies are the wind beneath the wing of mobile health (mHealth). In this paper, the concept of biomedical sensing analyzer (BSA) is presented, which is a novel framework, devised for sensor-based mHealth applications. The BSA is capable of formulating the Quality of Service (QoS) measurements in an end-to-end sense, covering the entire communication path (wearable sensors, link-technology, smartphone, cell-towers, mobile-cloud, and the end-users). The characterization and formulation of BSA depend on a number of factors, including the deployment of application-specific biomedical sensors, generic link-technologies, collection, aggregation, and prioritization of mHealth data, cellular network based on the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) access technology, and extensive multidimensional delay analyses. The results are studied and analyzed in a LabView 8.5 programming environment.

BSA nanoparticle loaded atorvastatin calcium--a new facet for an old drug.

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Sripriyalakshmi, S; Anjali, C H; George, Priya Doss C; Rajith, B; Ravindran, Aswathy

2014-01-01

Currently, the discovery of effective chemotherapeutic agents poses a major challenge to the field of cancer biology. The present study focuses on enhancing the therapeutic and anti cancer properties of atorvastatin calcium loaded BSA (ATV-BSA) nanoparticles in vitro. BSA-ATV nanoparticles were prepared using desolvation technique. The process parameters were optimized based on the amount of desolvating agent, stabilization conditions as well as the concentration of the cross linker. The anti cancer properties of the protein coated ATV nanoparticles were tested on MiaPaCa-2 cell lines. In vitro release behavior of the drug from the carrier suggests that about 85% of the drug gets released after 72 hrs. Our studies show that ATV-BSA nanoparticles showed specific targeting and enhanced cytotoxicity to MiaPaCa-2 cells when compared to the bare ATV. We hereby propose that the possible mechanism of cellular uptake of albumin bound ATV could be through caveolin mediated endocytosis. Hence our studies open up new facet for an existing cholesterol drug as a potent anti-cancer agent.

Rapid determination of tannins in tanning baths by adaptation of BSA method.

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Molinari, R; Buonomenna, M G; Cassano, A; Drioli, E

2001-01-01

A rapid and reproducible method for the determination of tannins in vegetable tanning baths is proposed as a modification of the BSA method for grain tannins existing in literature. The protein BSA was used instead of leather powder employed in the Filter Method, which is adopted in Italy and various others countries of Central Europe. In this rapid method the tannin contents is determined by means a spectrophotometric reading and not by means a gravimetric analysis of the Filter Method. The BSA method, which belongs to mixed methods (which use both precipitation and complexation of tannins), consists of selective precipitation of tannin from a solution containing also non tannins by BSA, the dissolution of precipitate and the quantification of free tannin amount by its complexation with Fe(III) in hydrochloric solutions. The absorbance values, read at 522 nm, have been expressed in terms of tannic acid concentration by using a calibration curve made with standard solutions of tannic acid; these have been correlated with the results obtained by using the Filter Method.

Which model based on fluorescence quenching is suitable to study the interaction between trans-resveratrol and BSA?

Science.gov (United States)

Wei, Xin Lin; Xiao, Jian Bo; Wang, Yuanfeng; Bai, Yalong

2010-01-01

There are several models by means of quenching fluorescence of BSA to determine the binding parameters. The binding parameters obtained from different models are quite different from each other. Which model is suitable to study the interaction between trans-resveratrol and BSA? Herein, twelve models based fluorescence quenching of BSA were compared. The number of binding sites increasing with increased binding constant for similar compounds binding to BSA maybe one approach to resolve this question. For example, here eleven flavonoids were tested to illustrate that the double logarithm regression curve is suitable to study binding polyphenols to BSA.

Taurina no desenvolvimento de embriões bovinos fecundados in vitro

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Camargo L.S.A.

2002-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentrações de taurina no desenvolvimento de embriões bovinos fecundados in vitro em meio de cultivo com diferentes fontes de soro. No experimento 1, zigotos (n=440 fecundados in vitro foram distribuídos aleatoriamente nos tratamentos com 0, 3, 7 ou 14 mM de taurina em meio de cultivo acrescido de 10% de soro fetal bovino (SFB e 3g/l de albumina sérica bovina (BSA. No experimento 2, os zigotos (n=940 foram divididos nos tratamentos com 0, 3 ou 14 mM de taurina em meio acrescido de 10% de SFB ou 3g/l de BSA. No experimento 3, os zigotos (n=191 foram divididos nos tratamentos com 0 ou 3 mM de taurina em meio de cultivo sem fonte de soro, porém adicionado de 3 g/l de álcool polivinil. Nos experimentos 1 e 2 não se observou diferença (P>0,05 na taxa de clivagem, na produção de blastocistos e no número de células entre as concentrações de taurina avaliadas. No experimento 3 encontraram-se maior (P<0,05 taxa de clivagem (68,5% vs. 16,9% e produção de blastocistos (8,3% vs. 0% na presença de taurina. O cultivo de zigotos em meio adicionado de SFB produziu maior (P<0,01 taxa de blastocistos no sétimo (25,6% vs. 6,7% e oitavo (30,8% vs. 13,9% dia pós-fecundação e número de células/blastocistos (104,8± 2,63 vs. 84,7± 3,86 do que no cultivo com BSA, apesar de menor (P<0,01 taxa de clivagem (58,1% vs. 71,3%. Conclui-se que o efeito benéfico da taurina no desenvolvimento embrionário somente é observado na ausência de SFB e BSA. O SFB produz menor taxa de clivagem mas melhora o desenvolvimento embrionário após as primeiras divisões celulares.

Interaction and sonodynamic damage activity of acridine red (AD-R) to bovine serum albumin (BSA)

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Chen, Dandan; Xie, Jinhui; Wu, Qiong; Fan, Ping; Wang, Jun, E-mail: wangjun888tg@126.com

2015-04-15

The sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has become an attractive antitumor treatment method in recent years, but the selection of sonosensitizer, mechanism of damage biomolecule and kind of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during sonodynamic process have not been investigated in detail. In this paper, the acridine red (AD-R), as a sonosensitizer, combining with ultrasonic irradiation to damage bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated. At first, the interaction of AD-R to BSA molecules in aqueous solution was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. As judged from the experimental results, the quenching mechanism of BSA fluorescence belongs to a static process. Synchronous fluorescence spectra demonstrate that the binding and damage sites to BSA molecules are mainly on the tryptophan residues. The generation and kind of generated ROS were also estimated by the method of oxidation and extraction photometry. This paper may offer some valuable references for the study of the sonodynamic activity and application of AD-R in SDT for tumor treatment. - Highlights: ●Acridine red (AD-R) is used to study interaction with BSA. ●Spectroscopy is used to study sonodynamic damage activity of AD-R to BSA. ●Generation of ROS caused by AD-R under ultrasonic irradiation was determined.

Interaction and sonodynamic damage activity of acridine red (AD-R) to bovine serum albumin (BSA)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen, Dandan; Xie, Jinhui; Wu, Qiong; Fan, Ping; Wang, Jun

2015-01-01

The sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has become an attractive antitumor treatment method in recent years, but the selection of sonosensitizer, mechanism of damage biomolecule and kind of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during sonodynamic process have not been investigated in detail. In this paper, the acridine red (AD-R), as a sonosensitizer, combining with ultrasonic irradiation to damage bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated. At first, the interaction of AD-R to BSA molecules in aqueous solution was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. As judged from the experimental results, the quenching mechanism of BSA fluorescence belongs to a static process. Synchronous fluorescence spectra demonstrate that the binding and damage sites to BSA molecules are mainly on the tryptophan residues. The generation and kind of generated ROS were also estimated by the method of oxidation and extraction photometry. This paper may offer some valuable references for the study of the sonodynamic activity and application of AD-R in SDT for tumor treatment. - Highlights: ●Acridine red (AD-R) is used to study interaction with BSA. ●Spectroscopy is used to study sonodynamic damage activity of AD-R to BSA. ●Generation of ROS caused by AD-R under ultrasonic irradiation was determined

Characterizing the binding interaction between antimalarial artemether (AMT) and bovine serum albumin (BSA): Spectroscopic and molecular docking methods.

Science.gov (United States)

Shi, Jie-Hua; Pan, Dong-Qi; Wang, Xiou-Xiou; Liu, Ting-Ting; Jiang, Min; Wang, Qi

2016-09-01

Artemether (AMT), a peroxide sesquiterpenoides, has been widely used as an antimalarial for the treatment of multiple drug-resistant strains of plasmodium falciparum malaria. In this work, the binding interaction of AMT with bovine serum albumin (BSA) under the imitated physiological conditions (pH7.4) was investigated by UV spectroscopy, fluorescence emission spectroscopy, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), circular dichroism (CD), three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking methods. The experimental results indicated that there was a change in UV absorption of BSA along with a slight red shift of absorption wavelength, indicating that the interaction of AMT with BSA occurred. The intrinsic fluorescence of BSA was quenched by AMT due to the formation of AMT-BSA complex. The number of binding sites (n) and binding constant of AMT-BSA complex were about 1 and 2.63×10(3)M(-1) at 298K, respectively, suggesting that there was stronger binding interaction of AMT with BSA. Based on the analysis of the signs and magnitudes of the free energy change (ΔG(0)), enthalpic change (ΔH(0)) and entropic change (ΔS(0)) in the binding process, it can be concluded that the binding of AMT with BSA was enthalpy-driven process due to |ΔH°|>|TΔS°|. The results of experiment and molecular docking confirmed the main interaction forces between AMT and BSA were van der Waals force. And, there was a slight change in the BSA conformation after binding AMT but BSA still retains its secondary structure α-helicity. However, it had been confirmed that AMT binds on the interface between sub-domain IIA and IIB of BSA. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Electrospray ionization deposition of BSA under vacuum conditions

Science.gov (United States)

Hecker, Dominic; Gloess, Daniel; Frach, Peter; Gerlach, Gerald

2015-05-01

Vacuum deposition techniques like thermal evaporation and CVD with their precise layer control and high layer purity often cannot be applied for the deposition of chemical or biological molecules. The molecules are usually decomposed by heat. To overcome this problem, the Electrospray ionization (ESI) process known from mass spectroscopy is employed to transfer molecules into vacuum and to deposit them on a substrate. In this work, a homemade ESI tool was used to deposit BSA (Bovine serum albumin) layers with high deposition rates. Solutions with different concentrations of BSA were prepared using a methanol:water (MeOH:H2O) mixture (1:1) as solvent. The influence of the substrate distance on the deposition rate and on the transmission current was analyzed. Furthermore, the layer thickness distribution and layer adhesion were investigated.

Synthesis and Adsorption Study of BSA Surface Imprinted Polymer on CdS Quantum Dots

Science.gov (United States)

Tang, Ping-ping; Cai, Ji-bao; Su, Qing-de

2010-04-01

A new bovine serum albumin (BSA) surface imprinting method was developed by the incorporation of quantum dots (QDs) into molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP), which can offer shape selectivity. Preparation and adsorption conditions were optimized. Physical appearance of the QDs and QDs-MIP particles was illustrated by scanning electron microscope images. Photoluminescence emission of CdS was quenched when rebinding of the template. The quenching of photoluminescence emissions is presumably due to the fluorescence resonance energy transfer between quantum dots and BSA template molecules. The adsorption is compiled with Langmuir isotherm, and chemical adsorption is the rate-controlling step. The maximum adsorption capacity could reach 226.0 mg/g, which is 142.4 mg/g larger than that of undoped BSA MIP. This study demonstrates the validity of QDs coupled with MIP technology for analyzing BSA.

In vitro study on binding interaction of quinapril with bovine serum albumin (BSA) using multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking methods.

Science.gov (United States)

Shi, Jie-Hua; Pan, Dong-Qi; Jiang, Min; Liu, Ting-Ting; Wang, Qi

2017-08-01

The binding interaction between quinapril (QNPL) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) in vitro has been investigated using UV absorption spectroscopy, steady-state fluorescence spectroscopic, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, 3D fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, circular dichroism, and molecular docking methods for obtaining the binding information of QNPL with BSA. The experimental results confirm that the quenching mechanism of the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA induced by QNPL is static quenching based on the decrease in the quenching constants of BSA in the presence of QNPL with the increase in temperature and the quenching rates of BSA larger than 10 10  L mol -1  s -1 , indicating forming QNPL-BSA complex through the intermolecular binding interaction. The binding constant for the QNPL-BSA complex is in the order of 10 5  M -1 , indicating there is stronger binding interaction of QNPL with BSA. The analysis of thermodynamic parameters together with molecular docking study reveal that the main binding forces in the binding process of QNPL with BSA are van der Waal's forces and hydrogen bonding interaction. And, the binding interaction of BSA with QNPL is an enthalpy-driven process. Based on Förster resonance energy transfer, the binding distance between QNPL and BSA is calculated to be 2.76 nm. The results of the competitive binding experiments and molecular docking confirm that QNPL binds to sub-domain IIA (site I) of BSA. It is confirmed there is a slight change in the conformation of BSA after binding QNPL, but BSA still retains its secondary structure α-helicity.

Epidemiological survey of the taeniasis/cysticercosis complex in cattle farms in Viçosa County, Minas Gerais, Brazil Inquérito epidemiológico sobre o complexo teníase-cisticercose bovina no município de Viçosa, Minas Gerais

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Tatiane O. Santos

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Despite the importance of human taeniasis/bovine cysticercosis for public and animal health and the economy, its actual epidemiological status in Brazil is not well-studied. We sought to assess the epidemiological profile of this zoonosis in the rural area of Viçosa County, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The prevalence of bovine cysticercosis was 0.42%, whereas no case of human taeniasis was diagnosed. Factors favoring the persistence of zoonosis were identified. These included the supply of untreated water to animals, animals raised for slaughter without sanitary supervision, poor mechanization of raising techniques, and the use of untreated water for human consumption. Bovine meat for human consumption acquired in the city or from the farm itself was characterized as a risk factor for bovine cysticercosis (Odds Ratio (OR =16.77; pApesar da importância do complexo teníase-cisticercose bovina para a saúde pública, animal e para a economia, a realidade epidemiológica da ocorrência dessas zoonoses no Brasil é pouco conhecida. Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o perfil epidemiológico desta zoonose na zona rural do município de Viçosa, MG. A prevalência encontrada de cisticercose bovina foi de 0,42%, e nenhum caso de teníase humana foi diagnosticado. Foi verificada presença de fatores favoráveis a manutenção dessa zoonose, como fornecimento de água sem tratar aos animais, criação de animais destinados ao abate sem inspeção sanitária, criação de bovinos com baixa adoção de tecnologia, e utilização de água sem tratamento. O consumo de carne bovina oriunda da propriedade e da cidade foi caracterizado como variável de risco (OR=16,77; p<0,05 para a cisticercose bovina. Apesar disso, as famílias das propriedades pesquisadas possuíam hábitos favoráveis como medida de controle para o desenvolvimento desta parasitose, como a quase ausência de esgoto a céu aberto e a ingestão de carne bovina bem passada. A

Fabrication of curcumin-loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA)-dextran nanoparticles and the cellular antioxidant activity.

Science.gov (United States)

Fan, Yuting; Yi, Jiang; Zhang, Yuzhu; Yokoyama, Wallace

2018-01-15

Bovine serum albumin (BSA)-dextran conjugate was prepared with glycation. Self-assembly nanoparticles were synthesized with a green, and facile approach. The effects of dry-heating time on the fabrication and characteristics of BSA-dextran conjugate nanoparticles were examined. Stable nanoparticles (dextran was grafted onto the BSA to provide significant steric hindrance. Particle size decreased with the increase of dry-heating time and the lowest particle size (51.2nm) was obtained after 24h dry-heating. The nanoparticles were stable in a wide pH range (pH 2.0-7.0). The particle size of nanoparticles increased to 115nm after curcumin incorporation and was stable even after one-month storage. TEM results demonstrated that curcumin-loaded nanoparticles displayed a spherical structure and were homogeneously dispersed. Curcumin in BSA-dextran nanoparticle showed better stability, compared to free curcumin. In addition, BSA-dextran nanoparticles can improve the cellular antioxidant activity of curcumin in Caco-2 cells. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Insulin stimulation of [3H]-ouabain binding to cerebrovascular (Na+ + K+)-ATPase

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Caspers, M.L.; Grammas, P.

1986-01-01

Brain microvessels were isolated from rat cerebral cortices. The binding of [ 3 H]-ouabain to microvascular (Na + + K + )-ATPase increased with microvessel protein (37-110μg) and was time dependent with maximum binding observed at 15 min at 37 0 C. Non-specific binding, measured in the presence of 50μM ouabain, was less than 2% of total binding. Scatchard analysis of preliminary [ 3 H]-ouabain binding data yielded a K/sub D/ of 44nM and a B/sub max/ of 12pmol/mg. Since the high affinity (α+) form of the enzyme is purportedly hormonally regulated, the effect of insulin on [ 3 H]-ouabain binding to microvessels was studied. Insulin (0.001-10μM) stimulation of [ 3 H]-ouabain binding was dose dependent. To assess whether this was a specific or a peptide-protective effect, assays were performed in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA). Addition of BSA (10μM) enhanced the amount of [ 3 H]-ouabain bound 4-fold. Further increases in the BSA concentration (20μM) did not increase binding. Addition of 10μM insulin evoked a 20% increase in [ 3 H]-ouabain binding above BSA-treated controls. In summary, the data suggest that the (α+) form of the (Na + + K + )-ATPase is present in cerebral endothelium and [ 3 H]-ouabain binding is significantly elevated by insulin in a dose dependent manner. Therefore, insulin may regulate microvascular (Na + + K + )-ATPase and thus be a modulator of blood-brain permeability to ions

FONTES DE VITAMINAS NA DIETA DE POPULAÇÕES DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO, BRASIL.

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MARIA JOSé RONCADA

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Os dados sobre consumo alimentar de 18 localidades paulistas foram analisados em termos de contribuição percentual dos alimentos no fornecimento das vitaminas A, B1, B2, niacina e C. Com base no per capta médio diário de alimentos consumidos pelas famílias, calculou-se a contribuição proporcional de cada alimento para o total ingerido de cada vitamina. Selecionaram-se, posteriormente, cerca de 10 principais fornecedores desses nutrientes na dieta da população das diferentes localidades estudadas. Fígado, ovos, couve, leite, margarina e peixes foram os principais contribuintes da vitamina A; para a tiamina concorreram feijão, infusão de café, arroz e carne suína. Forneceram riboflavina infusão de café, feijão, leite e carne bovina. Quanto à niacina destacaram-se infusão de café, arroz, carne bovina e feijão. Como principais fontes de vitamina C salientaram-se laranja, couve e tomate.

Ultrastable BSA-capped gold nanoclusters with a polymer-like shielding layer against reactive oxygen species in living cells

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, Wenjuan; Cao, Yuqing; Sui, Dandan; Guan, Weijiang; Lu, Chao; Xie, Jianping

2016-05-01

The prevalence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the enzyme-containing intracellular environment could lead to the fluorescence quenching of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-capped gold nanoclusters (AuNCs). Here we report an efficient strategy to address this issue, where a polymer-like shielding layer is designed to wrap around the Au core to significantly improve the stability of AuNCs against ROS and protease degradation. The key of our design is to covalently incorporate a thiolated AuNC into the BSA-AuNC via carbodiimide-activated coupling, leading to the formation of a AuNC pair inside the cross-linked BSA molecule. The as-designed paired AuNCs in BSA (or BSA-p-AuNCs for short) show improved performances in living cells.The prevalence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the enzyme-containing intracellular environment could lead to the fluorescence quenching of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-capped gold nanoclusters (AuNCs). Here we report an efficient strategy to address this issue, where a polymer-like shielding layer is designed to wrap around the Au core to significantly improve the stability of AuNCs against ROS and protease degradation. The key of our design is to covalently incorporate a thiolated AuNC into the BSA-AuNC via carbodiimide-activated coupling, leading to the formation of a AuNC pair inside the cross-linked BSA molecule. The as-designed paired AuNCs in BSA (or BSA-p-AuNCs for short) show improved performances in living cells. Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Detailed experimental materials, apparatus, experimental procedures and characterization data. See DOI: 10.1039/c6nr02178f

Intermolecular interaction of fosinopril with bovine serum albumin (BSA): The multi-spectroscopic and computational investigation.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, Kai-Li; Pan, Dong-Qi; Lou, Yan-Yue; Shi, Jie-Hua

2018-04-16

The intermolecular interaction of fosinopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor with bovine serum albumin (BSA), has been investigated in physiological buffer (pH 7.4) by multi-spectroscopic methods and molecular docking technique. The results obtained from fluorescence and UV absorption spectroscopy revealed that the fluorescence quenching mechanism of BSA induced by fosinopril was mediated by the combined dynamic and static quenching, and the static quenching was dominant in this system. The binding constant, K b , value was found to lie between 2.69 × 10 3 and 9.55 × 10 3  M -1 at experimental temperatures (293, 298, 303, and 308 K), implying the low or intermediate binding affinity between fosinopril and BSA. Competitive binding experiments with site markers (phenylbutazone and diazepam) suggested that fosinopril preferentially bound to the site I in sub-domain IIA on BSA, as evidenced by molecular docking analysis. The negative sign for enthalpy change (ΔH 0 ) and entropy change (ΔS 0 ) indicated that van der Waals force and hydrogen bonds played important roles in the fosinopril-BSA interaction, and 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate binding assay experiments offered evidence of the involvements of hydrophobic interactions. Moreover, spectroscopic results (synchronous fluorescence, 3-dimensional fluorescence, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) indicated a slight conformational change in BSA upon fosinopril interaction. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

ETIOLOGY OF THE BOVINE CLINICAL MASTITIS IN GOIÂNIA ETIOLOGIA DA MASTITE CLÍNICA BOVINA NA BACIA LEITEIRA DE GOIÂNIA

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Paulo César Moreira

2007-09-01

Full Text Available

There is an estimate that the mastitis in dairy herds causes production losses between 5 and 35%, equivalent from 85 to 500 million dollars per year. 231 milk samples from 231 cows on different stages of lactation, with clinic mastitis, from 35 farms of Goiânia, were analyzed in order to map the pathogens implicated in these process and to discover the microorganisms with major prevalence. All the samples had positive growth. The principal agents were Staphylococcus coagulase positive (32.90%, Streptococcus sp. (22.07%, Pseudomonas sp. (12.12%, Enterobacter sp. (10.38%, Corynebacterium sp. (8.65%, Escherichia coli (8.22%, Bacillus sp. (8.22%, Proteus sp. (6.49%, Klebsiella sp. (4.32% and Staphylococcus coagulase negative (3.46%. The Nocardia genus was isolated in 0.86% of the cases.

KEY-WORDS: Bovine mastitis; etiology; isolated microorganisms.

Estima-se que a presença de mastite bovina em rebanhos produtores provoque perdas de produção entre 5 e 35%, o que equivale de 85 a 500 milhões de dólares ao ano. Com o objetivo de mapear os patógenos envolvidos nesse processo e evidenciar os microrganismos com maior freqüência foram examinadas amostras de leite de 231 vacas, em diferentes estágios de lactação, que apresentaram sinais de mastite clínica e eram pertencentes a 35 propriedades rurais da bacia leiteira de Goiânia. Todas as amostras tiveram crescimento bacteriano positivo. Os principais agentes isolados foram o Staphylococcus coagulase positiva (32,90%, Streptococcus sp. (22,07%, Pseudomonas sp. (12,12%, Enterobacter sp. (10,38%, Corynebacterium sp. (8,65%, Escherichia coli (8,22%, Bacillus sp. (8,22%,

Spectroscopic analyses on interaction of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with toluidine blue (TB) and its sonodynamic damage under ultrasonic irradiation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang Jun, E-mail: wangjun890@126.co [Department of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036 (China); Guo Yuwei [Department of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036 (China); Department of Chemistry, Baotou Normal College, Baotou 014030 (China); Liu Bin [Department of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036 (China); Cheng Chunping [Department of Chemistry, Baotou Normal College, Baotou 014030 (China); Wang Zhiqiu; Han Guangxi; Gao Jingqun; Zhang Xiangdong [Department of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036 (China)

2011-02-15

In this paper, the toluidine blue (TB) with tricyclic quinone imide plane structure is used as sonosensitizer to study the interaction and sonodynamic damage to bovine serum albumin (BSA) by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show that the TB can bind to BSA molecules, obviously, and the synergetic effects of TB and ultrasonic irradiation can efficiently damage the BSA molecules. Otherwise, some influencing factors such as ultrasonic irradiation time, TB concentration, pH value and ionic strength on the damage of BSA molecules were also considered by the numbers. Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy indicates that the tyrosine (Tyr) residues of BSA molecules are damaged more seriously than the tryptophan (Trp) residues under ultrasonic irradiation. - Research Highlights: TB is used as quencher to study interaction to BSA. TB is used as sonosensitizer to study the sonodynamic damage to BSA. Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy is used to study TB binding site to BSA.

Spectroscopic analyses on interaction of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with toluidine blue (TB) and its sonodynamic damage under ultrasonic irradiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Jun; Guo Yuwei; Liu Bin; Cheng Chunping; Wang Zhiqiu; Han Guangxi; Gao Jingqun; Zhang Xiangdong

2011-01-01

In this paper, the toluidine blue (TB) with tricyclic quinone imide plane structure is used as sonosensitizer to study the interaction and sonodynamic damage to bovine serum albumin (BSA) by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show that the TB can bind to BSA molecules, obviously, and the synergetic effects of TB and ultrasonic irradiation can efficiently damage the BSA molecules. Otherwise, some influencing factors such as ultrasonic irradiation time, TB concentration, pH value and ionic strength on the damage of BSA molecules were also considered by the numbers. Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy indicates that the tyrosine (Tyr) residues of BSA molecules are damaged more seriously than the tryptophan (Trp) residues under ultrasonic irradiation. - Research Highlights: → TB is used as quencher to study interaction to BSA. → TB is used as sonosensitizer to study the sonodynamic damage to BSA. → Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy is used to study TB binding site to BSA.

Spectroscopic and molecular docking approaches for investigating conformation and binding characteristics of clonazepam with bovine serum albumin (BSA).

Science.gov (United States)

Lou, Yan-Yue; Zhou, Kai-Li; Pan, Dong-Qi; Shen, Jia-Le; Shi, Jie-Hua

2017-02-01

Clonazepam, a type of benzodiazepine, is a classical drug used to prevent and treat seizures, panic disorder, movement disorder, among others. For further clarifying the distribution of clonazepam in vivo and the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic mechanisms, the binding interaction between clonazepam and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated using ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and molecular docking methods. The results well confirmed that clonazepam bound on the subdomain III A (Site II) of BSA through van der Waals force and hydrogen bonding interaction, and quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA through a static quenching process. The number of binding sites (n) and binding constant (K b ) of clonazepam-BSA complex were about 1 and 7.94×10 4 M -1 at 308K, respectively. The binding process of clonazepam with BSA was spontaneous and enthalpy-driven process due to ΔG 0 T|ΔS 0 | over the studied temperature range. Meanwhile, the binding interaction of clonazepam with BSA resulted in the slight change in the conformation of BSA and the obvious change in the conformation of clonazepam, implying that the flexibility of clonazepam also played an important role in increasing the stability of the clonazepam-BSA complex. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Caracterização química e funcional do caseinato de sódio e da globina bovina Chemical and functional characterization of sodium caseinate and bovine globin

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Janaína Guernica SILVA

2000-08-01

Full Text Available Visando à aplicação industrial de proteínas do sangue bovino, foram testadas duas metodologias de extração da globina. Determinou-se, também, a composição química dessa proteína e o efeito da adição de NaCl sobre algumas propriedades fun-cionais, sendo os resultados obtidos comparados com os do caseinato de sódio comercial. O método de extração pela acetona acidificada apresentou maiores rendimentos e recuperação protéica do que o da carboximetilcelulose, entretanto, devido à presença de resíduos de solventes orgânicos na proteína obtida, seu uso não é recomendável em alimentos. Observaram-se, ainda, diferenças entre as composições químicas da globina bovina em função do procedimento de extração utilizado. Na avaliação das propriedades funcionais das proteínas, a adição de sal exerceu efeitos variados, tendo sido verificada uma redução da solubilidade da globina bovina, da capacidade emulsionante (EC e do índice de atividade emulsionante (EAI, sendo essa mais acentuada na concentração salina próxima à dos produtos cárneos (0,25mol/L. Para o caseinato de sódio, esse nível de sal prejudicou todas as propriedades funcionais estudadas, exceto a estabilidade da emulsão (ES. Por outro lado, o emprego de uma concentração de NaCl 10 vezes menor contribuiu para melhorar o EAI e a ES.With the aim of finding an industrial utilization for proteins from bovine blood, two methodologies for globin extraction were tested. Also, the chemical composition of this protein and the effect of the addition of NaCl on some functional properties were evaluated. The results were compared to those obtained for commercial sodium caseinate. The extraction method using acidified acetone showed a better yield and protein recuperation when compared to the carboxymethyl cellulose method. However, the former is not recommended for food use, due to the presence of organic solvent residues in the protein. Moreover, the

Isolamento e sensibilidade a quimioterápicos de streptococcus spp envolvidos na mastite clínica e subclínica de bovinos da microrregião de Araguaína, Tocantins

OpenAIRE

Alexandrino, Bruna; Rodrigues Correia, Crispim Anderson; Coelho Miranda Brito, Letícia; Minharro, Silvia

2015-01-01

A mastite bovina é a principal doença do gado leiteiro devido a sua prevalência acarretando grande impacto econômico mundial. Sua etiologia é complexa, sendo o principal agente o Staphylococcus aureus, seguido pelo Streptococcus spp. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo isolar os microrganismos pertencentes ao gênero Streptococcus, presentes no leite de vaca da microrregião de Araguaína, Tocantins, e testar a sensibilidade destes aos diversos quimioterápicos disponíveis no mercado. Foram util...

Construction and evaluation of BSA-CaP nanomaterials with enhanced transgene performance via biocorona-inspired caveolae-mediated endocytosis

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Xi-Xi; Gao, Han; Zhang, Ya-Xuan; Jia, Yi-Yang; Li, Chen; Zhou, Si-Yuan; Zhang, Bang-Le

2018-02-01

Non-viral nanovectors have attracted much attention owing to their ability to condense genetic materials and their ease of modification. However, their poor stability, low biocompatibility and gene degradation in endosomes or lysosomes has significantly hampered their application in vivo and in the clinic. In an attempt to overcome these difficulties a series of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles were constructed. The CaP condenses with DNA to form nanocomplexes coated with a biomimetic corona of BSA. Such complexes may retain the inherent endocytosis profile of BSA, with improved biocompatibility. In particular the transgene performance may be enhanced by stimulating the cellular uptake pathway via caveolae-mediated endocytosis. Two methods were employed to construct and optimize the formulation of BSA-CaP nanomaterials. The optimized BSA-CaP-50-M2 nanoparticles prepared by our second method exhibited good stability, negligible cytotoxicity and enhanced transgene performance with long-term expression for 72 h in vivo even with a single dose. Determination of the cellular uptake pathway and Western blot revealed that cellular uptake of the designed BSA-CaP-50-M2 nanoparticles was mainly via caveolae-mediated endocytosis in a non-degradative pathway in which the biomimetic uptake profile of BSA was retained.

Spectroscopic studies on the interaction and sonodynamic damage of neutral red (NR) to bovine serum albumin (BSA)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Liu Bin; Guo Ying [Department of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036 (China); Wang, Jun, E-mail: wangjun890@126.co [Department of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036 (China); Xu Rui [Department of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036 (China); Wang Xin; Wang Dan; Zhang Liqun [Department of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036 (China); Xu Yongnan [Department of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016 (China)

2010-06-15

In this paper, the interaction of neutral red (NR) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the sonodynamic damage to BSA under ultrasonic irradiation was studied by means of ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and fluorescence spectra. The quenching constant (K{sub SV}=5.749x10{sup 4} L/mol), binding constant (K{sub A}=3.19x10{sup 4} L/mol) and binding site number (n=0.9462) were measured. The binding distance (r=2.47 nm) between NR and BSA was obtained according to Foester's non-radiative energy transfer theory. The damage process of BSA molecules was detected by the hyperchromic effect of UV-vis spectra and quenching of intrinsic fluorescence spectra. In addition, the influencing factors such as ultrasonic irradiation time and NR concentration on the damage to BSA molecules were also considered. The results showed that the damage degree is enhanced with the increase of ultrasonic irradiation time and NR concentration. The possible mechanism of sonodynamic damage to BSA molecules was mainly mediated by singlet oxygen ({sup 1}O{sub 2}). Otherwise, the binding and damaging sites to BSA molecules were also estimated by synchronous fluorescence. The results indicated that the NR is more vicinal to tryptophan (Trp) residue than to tyrosine (Tyr) residue and the damage site is also mainly at Trp residues. The research result will bring a certain significance to use sonosensitive drugs in the fields of tumor treatment.

Synthesis, thermodynamic properties and BSA interaction of a new Valen Shiff base derived from o-vanillin and trimethoprim

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li, Xu; Jiang, Jian-Hong; Xiao, Sheng-Xiong; Gu, Hui-Wen; Li, Chuan-Hua; Ye, Li-Juan; Li, Xia; He, Du-Gui; Yao, Fei-Hong; Li, Qiang-Guo

2014-01-01

Graphical abstract: A new single Valen Shiff base was synthesized and characterized. The thermodynamics properties of the Shiff base were investigated by microcalorimetry. In particular, the interaction between the synthetic Shiff base and BSA at four different temperatures has been investigated using fluorescence quenching method. - Highlights: • A new single Valen Shiff base was synthesized and characterized. • The thermodynamics properties of the Shiff base were investigated by microcalorimetry. • The interaction between the Shiff base and BSA has been investigated using fluorescence quenching method. - Abstract: A new Valen Shiff base (C 22 H 24 N 4 O 5 ) was synthesized using equivalent moles of o-vanillin and trimethoprim. At 298.15 K, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of the new compound was estimated to be Δ f H m Θ [C 22 H 24 N 4 O 5 (s), 298.15 K] = −(696.92 ± 1.67) kJ mol −1 by microcalorimetry. In particular, the interaction between the Shiff base and bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been investigated. It was proved that the fluorescence quenching of BSA by Shiff base is a result of the formation of a Shiff base-BSA complex. Quenching constants were determined using the Sterns–Volmer equation to provide a measurement of the binding site between Shiff base and BSA. The thermodynamic parameters ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS of the system at different temperatures were calculated. What is more, the distance r between donor (Trp. 213) and acceptor (Shiff base) was obtained. Finally, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy data has suggested the association between Shiff base and BSA changed the molecular conformation of BSA

Synthesis, thermodynamic properties and BSA interaction of a new Valen Shiff base derived from o-vanillin and trimethoprim

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li, Xu; Jiang, Jian-Hong; Xiao, Sheng-Xiong [Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare-Precious Metals Compounds and Applications, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, Hunan Province (China); Gu, Hui-Wen, E-mail: gruyclewee@hnu.edu.cn [State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan Province (China); Li, Chuan-Hua; Ye, Li-Juan; Li, Xia; He, Du-Gui; Yao, Fei-Hong [Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare-Precious Metals Compounds and Applications, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, Hunan Province (China); Li, Qiang-Guo, E-mail: liqiangguo@163.com [Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare-Precious Metals Compounds and Applications, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, Hunan Province (China)

2014-01-10

Graphical abstract: A new single Valen Shiff base was synthesized and characterized. The thermodynamics properties of the Shiff base were investigated by microcalorimetry. In particular, the interaction between the synthetic Shiff base and BSA at four different temperatures has been investigated using fluorescence quenching method. - Highlights: • A new single Valen Shiff base was synthesized and characterized. • The thermodynamics properties of the Shiff base were investigated by microcalorimetry. • The interaction between the Shiff base and BSA has been investigated using fluorescence quenching method. - Abstract: A new Valen Shiff base (C{sub 22}H{sub 24}N{sub 4}O{sub 5}) was synthesized using equivalent moles of o-vanillin and trimethoprim. At 298.15 K, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of the new compound was estimated to be Δ{sub f}H{sub m}{sup Θ} [C{sub 22}H{sub 24}N{sub 4}O{sub 5}(s), 298.15 K] = −(696.92 ± 1.67) kJ mol{sup −1} by microcalorimetry. In particular, the interaction between the Shiff base and bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been investigated. It was proved that the fluorescence quenching of BSA by Shiff base is a result of the formation of a Shiff base-BSA complex. Quenching constants were determined using the Sterns–Volmer equation to provide a measurement of the binding site between Shiff base and BSA. The thermodynamic parameters ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS of the system at different temperatures were calculated. What is more, the distance r between donor (Trp. 213) and acceptor (Shiff base) was obtained. Finally, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy data has suggested the association between Shiff base and BSA changed the molecular conformation of BSA.

Study on radiation grafting of NASI on sephadex and conjugation of the copolymer with BSA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yi Min; Li Jun; Wei Jinshan; Ha Hongfei

1997-01-01

N-acryloxysuccinimide (NASI) with a function ester group is grafted on Sephadex G75 and Sephadex G50 separately by radiation technology. The radiation grafting conditions including absorbed dose, dose rate, monomer concentration in solvent are investigated. The conjugation reactions between the grafted copolymers Sephadex G75-NASI, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) or Sephadex G50-NASI and bovine serum albumin (BSA) are followed. The experiment results show that the conjugate of Sephadex G75-NASI with larger holes and BSA (M r = 6.6 x 10 4 ) is obtained successfully, however, the Sephadex G50 with small holes can be only conjugated with neutral red (M r = 2.58 x 10 2 )

Spectroscopic studies on the interaction of mimosine with BSA and DNA

Science.gov (United States)

Baltazar, C. J.; Mun, R.; Tajmir-Riahi, H. A.; Bariyanga, J.

2018-06-01

Mimosine has shown antitumor activity towards cancer cells. It has also been found to inhibit deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) but the interaction is not fully understood. Here we report the results of investigation of its interactions with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and DNA in aqueous solution (pH 7.4) using FTIR and UV spectroscopic methods. Mimosine was found to disrupt the conformation of BSA by reducing its α-helix component and promoting a partial unfolding of the protein. In addition, the results indicated that mimosine may bind to DNA by electrostatic attractions via phosphate groups and grooves. The overall binding constant of DNA -mimosine complex was 5 × 10 3 M-1.

SHELF LIFE OF BOVINE MEAT TREATED WITH FOOD GRADE TRISSODIC PHOSPHATE VIDA DE PRATELEIRA DA CARNE BOVINA TRATADA PELO FOSFATO TRISSÓDICO GRAU ALIMENTÍCIO

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Albenones José de Mesquita

2007-09-01

Full Text Available

To the present study, the capacity of food grade trissodic phosphate to reduce bacterial spoiling and pathogenic effect on bovine meat from three different categories of abattoirs was estimated, as well as shelf life of bovine meat kept under refrigeration. Trissodic phosphate was efficient to reduce bacterial spoiling and pathogenic effect, represented by mesophils and psychrotrophs, indicator microorganisms, fecal coliforms and pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella. The shelf life of treated bovine meat was influenced by the abattoir category and by the treatment with 10% solution of trissodic phosphate which represented an increase of 26.66%, 27.77% and 31.03% in the durability of meat coming from abattoirs A, B and C, respectively.

KEY-WORDS: Trissodic phosphate; shelf life; bovine meat.

No presente estudo verificou-se a capacidade do fosfato trissódico grau alimentício de reduzir a carga bacteriana deteriorante e patogênica da carne bovina proveniente de três categorias diferentes de estabelecimentos de abate, bem como estimou-se a vida do produto mantido sob refrigeração. O fosfato trissódico mostrou-se eficiente na redução da carga bacteriana deteriorante, representada por mesófilos e psicrotróficos, microrganismos indicadores, coliformes fecais e patogênicos como o Staphylococcus aureus e a Salmonella. A vida de prateleira da carne tratada foi influenciada pela categoria do estabelecimento e pelo tratamento com fosfato trissódico em solução a 10% que representou um acréscimo de 26,66%, 27,77% e 31,03% na durabilidade das carnes oriundas dos

Highly selective BSA imprinted polyacrylamide hydrogels facilitated by a metal-coding MIP approach.

Science.gov (United States)

El-Sharif, H F; Yapati, H; Kalluru, S; Reddy, S M

2015-12-01

We report the fabrication of metal-coded molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) using hydrogel-based protein imprinting techniques. A Co(II) complex was prepared using (E)-2-((2 hydrazide-(4-vinylbenzyl)hydrazono)methyl)phenol; along with iron(III) chloroprotoporphyrin (Hemin), vinylferrocene (VFc), zinc(II) protoporphyrin (ZnPP) and protoporphyrin (PP), these complexes were introduced into the MIPs as co-monomers for metal-coding of non-metalloprotein imprints. Results indicate a 66% enhancement for bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein binding capacities (Q, mg/g) via metal-ion/ligand exchange properties within the metal-coded MIPs. Specifically, Co(II)-complex-based MIPs exhibited 92 ± 1% specific binding with Q values of 5.7 ± 0.45 mg BSA/g polymer and imprinting factors (IF) of 14.8 ± 1.9 (MIP/non-imprinted (NIP) control). The selectivity of our Co(II)-coded BSA MIPs were also tested using bovine haemoglobin (BHb), lysozyme (Lyz), and trypsin (Tryp). By evaluating imprinting factors (K), each of the latter proteins was found to have lower affinities in comparison to cognate BSA template. The hydrogels were further characterised by thermal analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to assess optimum polymer composition. The development of hydrogel-based molecularly imprinted polymer (HydroMIPs) technology for the memory imprinting of proteins and for protein biosensor development presents many possibilities, including uses in bio-sample clean-up or selective extraction, replacement of biological antibodies in immunoassays and biosensors for medicine and the environment. Biosensors for proteins and viruses are currently expensive to develop because they require the use of expensive antibodies. Because of their biomimicry capabilities (and their potential to act as synthetic antibodies), HydroMIPs potentially offer a route to the development of new low-cost biosensors. Herein, a metal ion-mediated imprinting approach was employed to metal-code our

Interactions and effects of BSA-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes on different cell lines

Science.gov (United States)

Muzi, Laura; Tardani, Franco; La Mesa, Camillo; Bonincontro, Adalberto; Bianco, Alberto; Risuleo, Gianfranco

2016-04-01

Functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have shown great promise in several biomedical contexts, spanning from drug delivery to tissue regeneration. Thanks to their unique size-related properties, single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) are particularly interesting in these fields. However, their use in nanomedicine requires a clear demonstration of their safety in terms of tissue damage, toxicity and pro-inflammatory response. Thus, a better understanding of the cytotoxicity mechanisms, the cellular interactions and the effects that these materials have on cell survival and on biological membranes is an important first step for an appropriate assessment of their biocompatibility. In this study we show how bovine serum albumin (BSA) is able to generate homogeneous and stable dispersions of SWCNTs (BSA-CNTs), suggesting their possible use in the biomedical field. On the other hand, this study wishes to shed more light on the impact and the interactions of protein-stabilized SWCNTs with two different cell types exploiting multidisciplinary techniques. We show that BSA-CNTs are efficiently taken up by cells. We also attempt to describe the effect that the interaction with cells has on the dielectric characteristics of the plasma membrane and ion flux using electrorotation. We then focus on the BSA-CNTs’ acute toxicity using different cellular models. The novel aspect of this work is the evaluation of the membrane alterations that have been poorly investigated to date.

Interaction of Flavonoids from Woodwardia unigemmata with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA): Application of Spectroscopic Techniques and Molecular Modeling Methods.

Science.gov (United States)

Ma, Rui; Pan, Hong; Shen, Tao; Li, Peng; Chen, Yanan; Li, Zhenyu; Di, Xiaxia; Wang, Shuqi

2017-08-09

Phytochemical investigation on the methanol extract of Woodwardia unigemmata resulted in the isolation of seven flavonoids, including one new flavonol acylglycoside ( 1 ). The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and comparison of literature data. The multidrug resistance (MDR) reversing activity was evaluated for the isolated compounds using doxorubicin-resistant K562/A02 cells model. Compound 6 showed comparable MDR reversing effect to verapamil. Furthermore, the interaction between compounds and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated by spectroscopic methods, including steady-state fluorescence, synchronous fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies, and molecular docking approach. The experimental results indicated that the seven flavonoids bind to BSA by static quenching mechanisms. The negative ΔH and ΔS values indicated that van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonds contributed in the binding of compounds 2 - 6 to BSA. In the case of compounds 1 and 7 systems, the hydrophobic interactions play a major role. The binding of compounds to BSA causes slight changes in the secondary structure of BSA. There are two binding sites of compound 6 on BSA and site I is the main site according to the molecular docking studies and the site marker competitive binding assay.

Characterizing the binding interaction of fungicide boscalid with bovine serum albumin (BSA): A spectroscopic study in combination with molecular docking approach.

Science.gov (United States)

Lou, Yan-Yue; Zhou, Kai-Li; Shi, Jie-Hua; Pan, Dong-Qi

2017-08-01

Boscalid, a carboxamide fungicide, is used in the treatment of grey mould and powdery mildew, widely applied to a variety of crops and fruits such as rice, wheat, grapes and pears. It will become a potential risk for health due to its widely application and residue in crops and fruits. In this study, the binding interaction between boscalid and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was characterized using steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV), synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, 3D fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and molecular docking to ascertain the store, transport and distribution of boscalid in vivo. The experimental results indicated that the fluorescence of BSA was quenched due to the forming the static boscalid-BSA complex with the binding constant of 4.57×10 3 M -1 at 298 K and boscalid bound on the subdomain III A (site II) of BSA through van der Waals force and hydrogen bonding interaction. The binding process of boscalid with BSA was spontaneous and enthalpy-driven process based on ΔG 0 T|ΔS 0 | over the studied temperature range. Meanwhile, the obvious change in the conformation of boscalid was observed while the slight change in the conformation of BSA when binding boscalid to the BSA, implying that the flexibility of boscalid contributes to increasing the stability of the boscalid-BSA complex. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Repetibilidade de variáveis produtivas e qualitativas da forragem e da excreta bovina em pastagem de braquiária

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Vicente Imbroisi Teixeira

2011-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a repetibilidade e o número de avaliações necessárias para se obter coeficiente de determinação superior a 90% em variáveis produtivas e qualitativas de forragem e de excreta bovina, em pastagem de capim-braquiária (Urochloa decumbens. As variáveis avaliadas foram: produção fecal, composição mineral das fezes e da forragem ao redor, biometria das fezes, massa e rejeição de forragem ao redor das fezes, volume urinário e composição mineral da urina. Utilizou-se lotação intermitente fixa, com três dias de ocupação e 32 ou 67 de descanso, nas épocas chuvosa e seca, respectivamente. As análises de repetibilidade foram obtidas pelo programa Genes, com o método dos componentes principais baseado na matriz de covariância. Os coeficientes de repetibilidade (r foram elevados, e os R² iguais ou superiores a 90%, exceto quanto à massa de forragem (20-40 cm, diferença de altura da forragem com fezes entre o pré e pós-pastejo e teor de N na urina, no tratamento com 3,2 unidades animais por hectare (r90%, seriam necessárias 11, 9 e 9 avaliações para as variáveis forragem, fezes e urina, respectivamente.

Economic environmental dispatch using BSA algorithm

Science.gov (United States)

Jihane, Kartite; Mohamed, Cherkaoui

2018-05-01

Economic environmental dispatch problem (EED) is an important issue especially in the field of fossil fuel power plant system. It allows the network manager to choose among different units the most optimized in terms of fuel costs and emission level. The objective of this paper is to minimize the fuel cost with emissions constrained; the test is conducted for two cases: six generator unit and ten generator unit for the same power demand 1200Mw. The simulation has been computed in MATLAB and the result shows the robustness of the Backtracking Search optimization Algorithm (BSA) and the impact of the load demand on the emission.

Impact of global warming on beef cattle production cost in Brazil Impacto do aquecimento global no custo de produção de carne bovina no Brasil

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Irenilza de Alencar Nääs

2010-02-01

decréscimo da capacidade de pastagens (RP em função das mudanças no índice pluviométrico total, na temperatura do ar e na extensão da estação de seca; e (ii o desenvolvimento de um algoritmo para predição do decréscimo da produção em função de um modelo fuzzy de RP que resulte no impacto na produtividade bovina de corte e conseqüente aumento no custo de produção. Foram organizados os dados históricos de fatores ambientais dos municípios importante produção no Cerrado e um conjunto de funções Gaussianas fuzzy foi desenvolvido e três estimativas possíveis (otimista, média e negativa foram consideradas. O decréscimo na produtividade do gado foi estimado usando as perdas de produção devido ao acréscimo da temperatura bem como da vulnerabilidade da capacidade de pastagem. O estabelecimento dos limites para o cenário do acréscimo do custo de produção usou o número de unidade animal por área de pastagem, a adoção de suplemento de grãos e o cenário de produção futura; e o resultado da função de saída apontou para uma variação do acréscimo do custo de produção de 80% (otimista até 160% (pessimista. Sob o cenário otimista, o custo total da produção brasileira de carne bovina no Cerrado chega a US$ 2,88 kg-1, enquanto no cenário pessimista este custo pode atingir US$ 4,16 kg-1, o que pode comprometer a competitividade internacional do setor.

Perfil genotípico e antigênico de amostras do vírus da diarréia viral bovina isoladas no Rio Grande do Sul (2000-2010

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Eloisa Bianchi

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Isolados do vírus da diarréia viral bovina (BVDV apresentam grande diversidade genética e antigênica, o que pode dificultar o diagnóstico e a formulação de vacinas. O presente trabalho apresenta um perfil genotípico e antigênico de 20 amostras do BVDV isoladas no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul entre 2000 e 2010. As amostras foram oriundas de uma variedade de condições clínicas, que incluíam doença respiratória ou gastroentérica aguda ou crônica, lesões cutâneas, abortos, animais com crescimento retardado, além de animais persistentemente infectados (PI. A maioria das amostras (19 ou 95% pertence ao biótipo não-citopático (NCP; enquanto um isolado apresentou uma mistura de vírus NCP e citopático (CP. O sequenciamento e análise filogenética de uma região de 270 nucleotídeos da região 5' não-traduzida do genoma viral permitiu identificar 9 isolados de BVDV-2 (45% e 8 isolados de BVDV-2 (40%. Três amostras não agruparam filogeneticamente com nenhum dos genótipos, sendo classificados como pestivírus atípicos. Não foi possível associar os genótipos ou subgenótipos com as condições clínicas e, tanto os BVDV-1 quanto os BVDV-2 estavam envolvidos em diferentes síndromes clínico-patológicas. Análise de reatividade com um painel de 19 anticorpos monoclonais (AcMs revelou uma variabilidade marcante na glicoproteína principal do envelope (E2 entre vírus do mesmo genótipo, e sobretudo, entre vírus de genótipos diferentes. Testes de neutralização viral (SN com anti-soro de cepas de referência de BVDV-1 e BVDV-2 frente às amostras isoladas revelaram níveis variáveis de reatividade cruzada entre vírus do mesmo genótipo, e reatividade muito baixa ou ausente entre vírus de genótipos diferentes. Esses resultados indicam uma frequência semelhante de BVDV-1 e BVDV-2 na população estudada, confirmam a marcante variabilidade antigênica e reforçam a necessidade de se incluir vírus dos dois genótipos nas

Somatotropina bovina recombinante en sincronización de estros y prolificidad de ovejas Pelibuey

OpenAIRE

Sosa-Pérez, G; Pérez-Hernández, P.; Vaquera-Huerta, H.; Salazar-Ortiz, J.; Sánchez-del-Real, C.; Cadena-Villegas, S.; Gallegos-Sánchez, J.

2014-01-01

Con la finalidad de estudiar si la administración de la Somatotropina Bovina Recombinante (bST) dos días antes del retiro del progestágeno, tiene efecto en la sincronización de estros, inicio del estro, fertilidad, prolificidad y tipo de parto en ovejas Pelibuey, a 180 ovejas de 4,0 ± 0,32 años de edad, se les inserto un dispositivo intravaginal impregnado con progesterona (CIDR P4 0,3 g), por nueve días. Dos días antes del retiro del dispositivo, las ovejas se asignaron aleatoriamente a uno ...

Microwave-assisted synthesis of BSA-modified silver nanoparticles as a selective fluorescent probe for detection and cellular imaging of cadmium(II)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gu, Yu; Li, Nan; Gao, Mengmeng; Wang, Zilu; Xiao, Deli; Li, Yun; Jia, Huning; He, Hua

2015-01-01

We have developed a microwave-assisted method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) whose surface is modified with bovine serum albumin (BSA). The reaction involves reduction of the BSA-Ag(I) complex by tyrosine in strongly alkaline solution to form BSA-AgNPs. The reaction takes a few minutes only owing to rapid and uniform microwave heating. The modified AgNPs were characterized by UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X- ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The BSA-AgNPs are yellow and display luminescence with a maximum at 521 nm if excited at 465 nm. They have a hydrodynamic diameter of 3–5 nm and possess good colloidal stability in the pH 4.6 to 12.0 range. The fluorescence of the BSA-AgNPs is enhanced by Cd(II) ion due to the formation of a stable hybrid conjugate referred to as Cd-BSA-AgNPs. The effect was exploited to quantify Cd(II) in spiked real water samples with a 4.7 nM detection limit, and also to fluorescently image Cd(II) in Hepatoma cells. (author)

Fe3O4/BSA particles induce osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells under static magnetic field.

Science.gov (United States)

Jiang, Pengfei; Zhang, Yixian; Zhu, Chaonan; Zhang, Wenjing; Mao, Zhengwei; Gao, Changyou

2016-12-01

Differentiation of stem cells is influenced by many factors, yet uptake of the magnetic particles with or without magnetic field is rarely tackled. In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) (Fe 3 O 4 /BSA) particles were prepared, which showed a spherical morphology with a diameter below 200 nm, negatively charged surface, and tunable magnetic property. The particles could be internalized into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and their release from the cells was significantly retarded under external magnetic field, resulting in almost twice intracellular amount of the particles within 21 d compared to that of the magnetic field free control. Uptake of the Fe 3 O 4 /BSA particles enhanced significantly the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs under a static magnetic field, as evidenced by elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition, and expressions of collagen type I and osteocalcin at both mRNA and protein levels. Therefore, uptake of the Fe 3 O 4 /BSA particles brings significant influence on the differentiation of MSCs under magnetic field, and thereby should be paid great attention for practical applications. Differentiation of stem cells is influenced by many factors, yet uptake of the magnetic particles with or without magnetic field is rarely tackled. In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) (Fe 3 O 4 /BSA) particles with a diameter below 200nm, negatively charged surface, tunable Fe 3 O 4 content and subsequently adjustable magnetic property were prepared. The particles could be internalized into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and their release from the cells was significantly retarded under external magnetic field. Uptake of the Fe 3 O 4 /BSA particles enhanced significantly the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs under a constant static magnetic field, while the magnetic particles and external magnetic field alone do not influence significantly the

Effect of apatite formation of biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic (BCP) on osteoblastogenesis using simulated body fluid (SBF) with or without bovine serum albumin (BSA)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Huang, Li [Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning (China); Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning (China); Zhou, Bo; Wu, Huayu [Department of Cell Biology & Genetics, School of Premedical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning (China); Zheng, Li, E-mail: zhengli224@163.com [Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning (China); The Medical and Scientific Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning (China); Zhao, Jinmin, E-mail: zhaojinmin@126.com [Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning (China); Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning (China); Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning (China)

2017-01-01

Although biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic (BCP) holds promise in therapy of bone defect, surface mineralization prior to implantation may improve the bioactivity to better integrate with the host. Immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) and bovine serum albumin-simulated body fluid (BSA-SBF) are common methods to form apatite interface layer. This study was intended to investigate the effect of SBF and BSA-SBF treatment on the bioactivity of BCP in vitro. In this study, osteoblasts were grown on BCP with or without treatment of SBF or BSA-SBF, and detected with general observation, scanning electron microscope (SEM), cell proliferation assay, morphology observation, viability assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, and osteogenic specific gene expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), bone gamma-carboxyglutamate (gla) protein (BGLAP), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), bone sialoprotein (BSP), type I collagen (COLI) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) after culture of 2, 5 and 8 days. As the results shown, BCP pre-incubated in SBF and BSA-SBF up-regulated ALP activity and osteogenic related genes and proteins, which testified the positive effect of SBF and BSA-SBF. Especially, BSA-SBF enhanced the cell growth significantly. This study indicated that treatment by BSA-SBF is of importance for BCP before clinical application. - Highlights: • BCP pre-incubated in SBF and BSA-SBF significantly promoted osteogenic differetiation of osteoblasts. • BSA-SBF enhanced the cell growth more significantly than SBF. • SBF may be a little toxic to osteoblasts.

Spectroscopic investigation on assisted sonocatalytic damage of bovine serum albumin (BSA) by metronidazole (MTZ) under ultrasonic irradiation combined with nano-sized ZnO

Science.gov (United States)

Gao, Jingqun; Liu, Bin; Wang, Jun; Jin, Xudong; Jiang, Renzheng; Liu, Lijun; Wang, Baoxin; Xu, Yongnan

2010-11-01

The previous work proved that the bovine serum albumin (BSA) could be damaged under the combined action of ultrasonic irradiation and ZnO. In this work, the assisted sonocatalytic damage of BSA using metronidazole (MTZ) as a sensitizer was further investigated by means of UV-vis and fluorescence spectra. The results indicated that the adding of MTZ could obviously promote the sonocatalytic damage of BSA under ultrasonic irradiation in the presence of nano-sized ZnO powder. Furthermore, it was found that the damage degree of BSA was aggravated by some influencing factors except ionic kind and strength. In addition, the damage site of BSA was also studied with synchronous fluorescence technology. It was found that the damage site was mainly at tryptophan (Trp) residue.

EFECTO REOLÓGICO DE HIDROCOLOIDES SOBRE LA SALMUERA DE MARINADO DE CARNE BOVINA EFEITO REOLÓGICO DE HIDROCOLOIDES NA SALMOURA DE MARINADO DE CARNE BOVINA EFFECT OF HYDROCOLLOIDS ON RHEOLOGICAL BRINE MARINATED MEAT

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YOMAIRA TAPASCO Z

2011-12-01

Full Text Available En algunos países la práctica del marinado en carnes ha sido convertida en práctica rutinaria, sin embargo las pérdidas por cocción son considerables. El objetivo de esta investigación fue valorar el comportamiento tixotrópico de hidrocoloides como agentes espesantes en la salmuera utilizada para el marinado de carnes. Los hidrocoloides utilizados fueron: xantan, guar y carragenina I; Inicialmente fue propuesto un diseño de mezclas para elegir la mejor mezcla de hidrocoloides. Posteriormente fue evaluado el efecto que sobre la tixotropía presentó la mezcla óptima de hidrocoloides incluidas en una salmuera estándar para marinado de carnes rojas. La mezcla óptima de hidrocoloides encontrada fue de 87% de xantan y 13% de carragenina, utilizada en la salmuera en tres concentraciones 0,5%, 1,0% y 7,5%. Esta salmuera fue utilizada para marinar muestras de carne bovina de músculo semitendinoso. Las muestras de los tratamientos fueron refrigeradas en cava durante 3 días. Fueron determinadas pérdidas de peso antes y después de cocción a80°C de temperatura interna y realizados los análisis de perfil de textura. Los resultados indican que la mejor concentración de hidrocoloides fue para el tratamiento con 1,5%. Solamente fue encontrada diferencia significativa (pEm alguns países, a pràtica de carnes marinadas transformou-se em pràtica rotineira, entretanto as perdas de cozimento são consideráveis. 0 objetivo desta pesquisa foi avallar o comportamento tixotrópico de très hidrocolóides como espessantes na salmoura usado para marinara carne. Os hidrocolóides utilizados foram: goma xantana, goma guar e goma carragena I, foi inicialmente proposto um projeto de mistura de escolhera melhor combinaçáo de hidrocolóides. Foi entáo avallado o efeito da tixotropia que apresentou a mistura ideal de hidrocolóides incluídos em urna salmoura carnes marinadas. A combinaçáo óptima de hidrocolóides encontrada foi de 87% e 13% xantana e

Produção de anticorpos para cafeína e seu derivado cafeinidina Antisera production to caffeine and its derivative caffeinidine

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P. MAZZAFERA

1998-04-01

Full Text Available São apresentados dados sobre a conjugação de cafeína e seu derivado cafeinidina com albumina de soro bovino e sua utilização para a produção de anticorpos. Galinhas poedeiras foram imunizadas e as globulinas extraídas das gemas dos ovos. Por ensaios de imunoprecipitação pode-se verificar que ambos anticorpos reagiram com seus respectivos antígenos, cafeína e cafeinidina. Também verificou-se que a posição do radical metil em mono e dimetilxantinas era importante para o reconhecimento antígeno-anticorpo. Metilação na posição N-3 pareceu ser determinante para o reconhecimento pelo anticorpo produzido para o conjugado cafeinidina-BSA. Por outro lado, metilação na posição N-7 foi importante para o conjugado cafeína-BSA. Discute-se as vantagens de um anticorpo sobre o outro e a possibilidade de seu emprego em testes imunológicos para determinação de alcalóides purínicos totais em material vegetal e seus derivados alimentícios.Data on the conjugation of caffeine and its derivative caffeinidine with bovine serum albumin and their use to produce antisera are reported here. Chickens were immunized with the conjugates and antisera were extracted from egg yolks. In immunoprecipitation assays it was verified that both antisera were efficient against their respective antigens. It was also observed that the methyl position in mono and dimethylxanthines played a role in the recognition by the antisera. Methyl at N-3 position seemed to be important for the precipitation by the antisera produced to caffeinidine-BSA conjugate. On the other hand, methylation at N-7 position was important for caffeine-BSA conjugate. The advantages of each antisera and their potential application in imunological tests as a tool to determine total purine alkaloids in plant material and derived foodstuffs are discussed.

Caracterização de biótipos de Staphylococcus aureus isolados de mastite bovina Biotyping of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitis

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M.A.V.P. Brito

2000-10-01

Full Text Available Duzentos e dezoito amostras de Staphylococcus aureus, isoladas de infecção intramamária de vacas de 44 rebanhos leiteiros, foram classificadas em biótipos de acordo com os testes de produção de estafiloquinase (K, beta-hemolisina (beta , coagulação do plasma bovino (Pl e crescimento na presença de cristal violeta (CV. As amostras foram distribuídas em 10 biótipos e 63 delas foram classificadas nas ecovariedades bovina (35, ovina (17, aviária (10 e humana (1 e 155 não apresentaram características específicas de hospedeiro. Estas últimas podem ser isoladas de homem, cabra, coelho, suíno, alimentos e de mastite bovina. O biótipo 1, encontrado com maior freqüência (37,2%, apresentou o padrão K (-, beta (+, Pl (- e CV (azul. Em sete rebanhos nos quais se examinaram 10 ou mais amostras, verificou-se que, apesar da ocorrência simultânea de mais de um biótipo por rebanho, houve predominância de um sobre os demais.Two hundred and eighteen strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine intramammary infections, obtained from 44 different dairy herds, were classified in biotypes based on staphylokinase (K and beta-haemolysin (beta production, bovine plasma coagulation (Pl and growth on crystal violet agar (CV. The strains were assigned to 10 different types, with 63 in the bovine (35, ovine (17, poultry (10 and human (1 ecovars and 155 in non-host specific biotypes. The latter can be isolated from man, goat, rabbit, pig, food, and bovine mastitis. The biotype 1, with reaction pattern K (-, beta (+, Pl (- and CV (blue, was the most frequently found (37,2%. From seven herds ten or more strains were examined. It was found that in spite of the presence of different biotypes per herd, there was always one prevalent biotype.

Determination of the activity of telomerase in cancer cells by using BSA-protected gold nanoclusters as a fluorescent probe.

Science.gov (United States)

Xu, Yujuan; Zhang, Peng; Wang, Zhen; Lv, Shaoping; Ding, Caifeng

2018-02-27

Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) protected with a bovine serum albumin (BSA) coating are known to emit red fluorescence (peaking at 650 nm) on photoexcitation with ultraviolet light (365 nm). On addition of Cu(II) ions, fluorescence is quenched because Cu(II) complexes certain amino acid units in the BSA chain. Fluorescence is, however, restored if pyrophosphate (PPi) is added because it will chelate Cu(II) and remove it from the BSA coating on the AuNCs. Because PPi is involved in the function of telomerase, the BSA@AuNCs loaded with Cu(II) can act as a fluorescent probe for determination of the activity of telomerase. A fluorescent assay was worked out for telomerase that is highly sensitive and has a wide linear range (10 nU to 10 fM per mL). The fluorescent probe was applied to the determination of telomerase activity in cervix carcinoma cells via imaging. It is shown that tumor cells can be well distinguished from normal cells by monitoring the differences in intracellular telomerase activity. Graphical abstract Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) protected by bovine serum albumin (BSA) and displaying red photoluminescence were prepared as fluorescent probe for the determination of telomerase activity and used for imaging of cervix carcinoma (HeLa) cells.

A DSC study of zinc binding to bovine serum albumin (BSA

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SANJA OSTOJIC

2007-04-01

Full Text Available The thermal denaturation of bovine serum albumin (BSA is a kinetically and thermodynamically controlled process. The effects of zinc binding to bovine serum albumin (BSA, followed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC, were investigated in this work, with the purpose of obtaining a better understanding of the albumin/zinc interaction. From the DSC curves, the thermodynamic parameters of protein denaturation were obtained, i.e., the temperature of thermal transition maximum (Tm, calorimetric enthalpy (DHcal, van't Hoff enthalpy (DHvH, the number of binding sites (I, II, the binding constants for each binding site (KbI, KbII and the average number of ligands bound per mole of native protein XN. The thermodynamic data of protein unfolding showed that zinc binding to bovine serum albumin increases the stability of the protein (higher values of DHcal and the different ratio DHcal/DHvH indicates the perturbation of the protein during thermal denaturation.

Synthesis of BSA/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} magnetic composite microspheres for adsorption of antibiotics

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang, Baoliang; Zhang, Hepeng; Li, Xiangjie; Lei, Xingfeng; Li, Chunmei; Yin, Dezhong; Fan, Xinlong; Zhang, Qiuyu, E-mail: qyzhang@nwpu.edu.cn

2013-10-01

BSA/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} magnetic composite microspheres with high saturation magnetization and paramagnetic property were prepared via inverse emulsion technology at room temperature, bovine serum albumin (BSA, 60 KD), magnetic nanoparticles (Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4}) and glutaraldehyde as macromonomer, inorganic particles and cross-linking agent, respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), metalloscope, and particle size analyzer were used to characterize morphology and structure of composite microspheres. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to test magnetic properties of the synthesized samples, adsorption capacity of microspheres was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometer (UV). The results showed that BSA/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} microspheres were 43 μm with relatively narrow particle size distribution, perfect sphere-shaped morphologies, superparamagnetism with a saturation magnetization of 11 emu/g, and high magnetic content with a value of 57.29%. The main factors influencing properties of microspheres including raw material ratio, the amount of emulsifier and cross-linking agent, agitation speed were investigated and optimized. Furthermore, these microspheres accompanying with high separable and reusable efficient may have great potential application in the field of separation, in particular, removal of antibiotics. Adsorption capacities of the microspheres of four different kinds of antibiotics (erythromycin, streptomycin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol) ranging from 69.35 mg/g to 147.83 mg/g were obtained, and Langmuir isotherm model coincided with equilibrium data than that of the Freundlich model. - Highlights: • BSA/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} microspheres with high saturation magnetization were prepared. • BSA/Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} microspheres for the removal of antibiotics are proposed. • The obtained results have significant importance in environmental processes.

Factores asociados con la mastitis subclínica bovina en fincas lecheras de Zipaquirá, Cundinamarca

OpenAIRE

Rojas Rodríguez, Carolina

2017-01-01

Introducción: Una de las enfermedades que más afecta el ganado a nivel mundial es la mastitis. Objetivo: Identificar la asociación entre la presentación de mastitis subclínica bovina con factores del hato, factores intrínsecos del sistema productivo y prácticas de manejo en fincas lecheras de Zipaquirá, Cundinamarca. Métodos: Estudio observacional analítico transversal a partir de fuente de información secundaria. Se analizaron variables relacionadas con el manejo de la mastitis clínica y sub...

Preparation and Characteristic of Dextran-BSA Antibody and Establishment of its ELISA Immunoassay.

Science.gov (United States)

Xie, Zhen-ming; Yu, Lin; Fang, Li-sha

2015-01-01

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a potential tool for the determination of dextran. In this study, dextran neoglycoprotein antigens were prepared by Reductive Amination method, and were confirmed by SDS-PAGE and free amino detection. The impact factors such as different oxidation degree of dextran, the conjugate reaction time to BSA were investigated. The best preparation conditions were obtained (n(dextran)/n(oxidant) of NaIO4 = 1/120, the reaction time of 24 h), and the antigen with best combination with standard was obtained. The antigens interacted with standard antibody and were evaluated through ELISA. The immunogen was immunized with white rabbits to obtained antibody, respectively. A general and broad class-specific ELISA immunoassay was developed for dextran detection according to ELISA theory. The optimized conditions of assay used coating antigen at 10 μg/mL, reaction time of antibody and rabbit-anti-bovine IgG in 45 min, blocking reagents with 5% calf serum. The developed ELISA detection method with good linear and accuracy was put to use for quantitative analysis of dextran T40 in commercial sugarpractical for detection of dextran.

Role of hydrogen-bonding and photoinduced electron transfer (PET) on the interaction of resorcinol based acridinedione dyes with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) in water

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumaran, Rajendran; Vanjinathan, Mahalingam; Ramamurthy, Perumal

2015-01-01

Resorcinol based acridinedione (ADDR) dyes are a class of laser dyes and have structural similarity with purine derivatives, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) analogs. These dyes are classified into photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and non-photoinduced electron transfer dyes, and the photophysical properties of family of these dyes exhibiting PET behavior are entirely different from that of non-PET dyes. The PET process in ADDR dyes is governed by the solvent polarity such that an ADDR dye exhibits PET process through space in an aprotic solvent like acetonitrile and does not exhibit the same in protic solvents like water and methanol. A comparison on the fluorescence emission, lifetime and nature of interaction of various ADDR dyes with a large globular protein like Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) was carried out in aqueous solution. The interaction of PET based ADDR dyes with BSA in water is found to be largely hydrophobic, but hydrogen-bonding interaction of BSA with dye molecule influences the fluorescence emission of the dye and shifts the emission towards red region. Fluorescence spectral studies reveal that the excited state properties of PET based ADDR dyes are largely influenced by the addition of BSA. The microenvironment around the dye results in significant change in the fluorescence lifetime and emission. Fluorescence enhancement with a red shift in the emission results after the addition of BSA to ADDR dyes containing free amino hydrogen in the 10th position of basic acridinedione dye. The amino hydrogen (N–H) in the 10th position of ADDR dye is replaced by methyl group (N–CH 3 ), a significant decrease in the fluorescence intensity with no apparent shift in the emission maximum was observed after the addition of BSA. The nature of interaction between ADDR dyes with BSA is hydrogen-bonding and the dye remains unbound even at the highest concentration of BSA. Circular Dichroism (CD) studies show that the addition of dye to BSA results in a

Mastite bovina causada por Staphylococcus spp. resistentes à meticilina: revisão de literatura

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José Givanildo Silva

Full Text Available RESUMO: Staphylococcus spp. são os micro-organismos mais relacionados a casos de mastite bovina. Algumas cepas destes micro-organismos têm apresentado fatores de virulência como genes de resistência a antimicrobianos com destaque para a resistência à meticilina que é um problema de saúde pública. Esta revisão de literatura tem o objetivo de compilar dados sobre a mastite bovina causada por Staphylococcus spp. resistente à meticilina (MRS. Apesar desse antimicrobiano não ser comumente utilizado no tratamento das mastites, a frequência de casos de infecção da glândula mamária causada por MRS tem variado entre 1,34 a 47,6%. Acredita-se que o contato dos humanos com animais positivos para MRS e vice-versa favoreça a transmissão deste patógeno entre as espécies, contribuindo para a variação nas taxas de infecção. A detecção de MRS pode ser realizada por meio de provas fenotípicas, moleculares ou sorológicas e as medidas de controle devem contemplar a identificação dos casos, segregação dos animais, estudo epidemiológico da fonte de infecção do rebanho, além da constante limpeza e higienização do ambiente de confinamento, equipamentos e utensílios de ordenha. Casos de mastite ocasionados por esse patógeno assumem relevância para a saúde pública, pois a ingestão de leite e/ou derivados contaminados podem desencadear a transferência de MRS para seres humanos. Com isso, é necessário um alerta constante quanto à vigilância epidemiológica em fazendas leiteiras.

Avaliação da influência da solução de irrigação na resistência adesiva de um cimento resinoso

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Veridiana Camilotti

Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: A contaminação do substrato dentinário pode interferir na qualidade de união entre materiais adesivos e o dente. OBJETIVO: Investigar a influência de diferentes soluções de irrigação na resistência de união de um cimento resinoso. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram selecionadas 40 coroas dentais bovinas, divididas em quatro grupos: G0 = soro; G1 = clorexidina; G2 = EDTA; G3 = clorexidina 0,12%, após condicionamento ácido. Em seguida, foram confeccionados cilindros de cimento resinoso utilizando-se uma matriz de Tygon com diâmetro interno de 1 mm e 2 mm de altura. A fotoativação foi realizada por aparelho de luz LED com 900 mW/cm² por 40 segundos. Foram confeccionados quatro cilindros de cimento resinoso para cada coroa bovina, totalizando 40 corpos de prova de cimento resinoso para cada grupo avaliado. O teste de resistência adesiva por microcisalhamento foi realizado após 24 horas. Decorrido esse período, os cilindros de cimento resinoso foram testados em uma máquina universal de ensaios (EMIC. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística pelos testes ANOVA e Tukey (p = 0,001. RESULTADO: Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos estudados, com exceção para o G3, que apresentou de forma significativa os menores valores de resistência adesiva. CONCLUSÃO: As diferentes soluções irrigadoras utilizadas previamente ao condicionamento ácido na dentina não interferem na resistência de união por microcisalhamento.

Detección del virus de la leucosis bovina en ganado criollo colombiano mediante PCR-anidado

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Darwin Yovanny Hernández-Herrera

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Se evaluó la presencia del virus de la leucosis bovina (VLB en 360 muestras de ADN de ocho razas bovinas criollas: Blanco Orejinegro (BON, Casanareño (CAS, Costeño con Cuernos (CCC, Chino Santandereano (ChS, Caqueteño (CQT, Hartón del Valle (HV, Romosinuano (RS y San Martinero (SM, dos Razas Sintéticas Colombianas: Lucerna (LUC y Velásquez (VEL y dos razas foráneas: Brahmán (B y Holstein (H. Para la detección del pro-virus se amplificó una región del gen env viral, mediante PCR anidada. La presencia del VLB fue mayor en la raza HV seguido por ChS (83.3% y 60% respectivamente, VEL y LUC tuvieron el mismo porcentaje (50%, en CAS, CCC y CQT la presencia del virus fue de 26.7%, 23.3% y 16.7% respectivamente; no se encontró el virus en BON, SM y RS. En las razas foráneas la presencia fue de 83.3% para H y 6.7% para B. Se encontró dependencia altamente significativa entre la presencia del VLB y la raza, el sexo y región de origen de la muestra. El promedio de presencia en las razas criollas fue menor que en las foráneas, menor en los machos que en las hembras y en la región norte que en el suroccidente y el centro del país.

Sensitive and selective turn off-on fluorescence detection of heparin based on the energy transfer platform using the BSA-stabilized Au nanoclusters/amino-functionalized graphene oxide hybrids.

Science.gov (United States)

Lan, Jing; Zou, Hong Yan; Wang, Qiang; Zeng, Ping; Li, Yuan Fang; Huang, Cheng Zhi

2016-12-01

An ultra-sensitive and selective turn off-on fluorescence detection of heparin based on the energy transfer in the BSA-stabilized gold nanoclusters/amino-functionalized graphene oxide (BSA-AuNCs/NH 2 -GO) hybrids was successfully realized. The BSA-AuNCs containing amounts of carboxyl groups could be absorbed on the surface of NH 2 -GO through the electrostatic interaction, which resulted in the fluorescence quenching of BSA-AuNCs with high efficiency. However, heparin, possessing high density of negative charge, could compete with BSA-AuNCs to bind NH 2 -GO and block the energy transfer from BSA-AuNCs to NH 2 -GO. The fluorescence recovery of BSA-AuNCs was closely related to the amount of heparin and there was a good linear relationship between fluorescence recovery of BSA-AuNCs and heparin over the range of 100ng/mL to 30μg/mL with a detection limit of 40ng/mL. What's more, the fluorescence assay was successfully applied for heparin sensing in human serums and intracellular imaging. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DIARREA VIRAL BOVINA: PATOGÉNESIS E INMUNOPATOLOGÍA

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Iang Rondón

2006-05-01

Full Text Available La diarrea viral bovina (DVB representa un problema de ámbito mundial que causa considerables pérdidastanto en ganado de carne como lechero, afectándolo de diversas formas las cuales están supeditadas ala edad del animal, estado inmunológico y momento de la gestación en el que se produce la infección.La DVB es causada por un virus ARN, género Pestivirus, familia Flaviviridae, el cual ha sido clasificado en2 biotipos (citopático y no citopático según su comportamiento en células de cultivo y en 2 genotipos (Iy II basados en su secuencia genética. Dependiendo de las cepas infectantes se presenta un cuadroclínico particular variando en severidad desde una forma subclínica, pasando por la forma clínica eincluso produciendo la fatal enfermedad de las mucosas o causando efectos deletéreos sobre el feto. Apesar de que en nuestro medio ya existen estudios sobre esta entidad, la implementación de metodologíasdiagnósticas constituye una limitante para el manejo de la misma. La presente revisión se enfoca en lapatogenia e inmunopatología de la DVB.

Microwave-assisted synthesis of L-glutathione capped ZnSe QDs and its interaction with BSA by spectroscopy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ding, Ling, E-mail: linda0911@163.com [College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081 (China); College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079 (China); Zhou, Pei-Jiang, E-mail: zhoupj@whu.edu.cn [College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079 (China); Zhan, Hong-Ju [College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079 (China); Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen 448000 (China); Chen, Chi [College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079 (China); Hu, Wei [Wuhan Humanwell Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Wuhan 430064 (China); Zhou, Teng-Fei; Lin, Chao-Wang [College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079 (China)

2013-10-15

Stable, water-soluble and biologically compatible ZnSe quantum dots (QDs) with L-glutathione (GSH) as a capping agent were synthesized in aqueous medium by microwave irradiation. The GSH/Zn/Se molar ratios, reaction temperature, time and pH are the crucial factors for properties of QDs. Fluorescence (FL) spectra, absorption spectra, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra studies showed that the optical properties of QDs were strong, shape of QDs was similar to spherical and the particle size was about 2–3 nm. The 42% quantum yield (QY) of QDs can be achieved without any post-preparative treatment. The interaction of QDs bioconjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) was also studied by absorption and FL spectra experiments. With addition of QDs, the FL intensity of BSA was largely quenched, which can be explained by static mechanism. The results suggested the QDs-BSA binding reaction was a static quenching. -- Highlights: • L-glutathione-capped ZnSe quantum dots were synthesized by microwave assisted in aqueous. • The facile synthesis of ZnSe QDs presented is simple and cost-effective. • Findings suggest the QDs possess highly quantum yield and narrow FWHM without any post-treatment. • The interaction mechanism between QDs and BSA is a static quenching.

Photophysical studies on the interaction of amides with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) in aqueous solution: Fluorescence quenching and protein unfolding

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kumaran, R.; Ramamurthy, P.

2014-01-01

Addition. of amides containing a H-CO(NH 2 ) or CH 3 -CO(NH 2 ) framework to BSA results in a fluorescence quenching. On the contrary, fluorescence enhancement with a shift in the emission maximum towards the blue region is observed on the addition of dimethylformamide (DMF) (H-CON(CH 3 ) 2 ). Fluorescence quenching accompanied initially with a shift towards the blue region and a subsequent red shift in the emission maximum of BSA is observed on the addition of formamide (H-CO(NH 2 )), whereas a shift in the emission maximum only towards the red region results on the addition of acetamide (CH 3 -CONH 2 ). Steady state emission spectral studies reveal that amides that possess a free NH 2 and N(CH 3 ) 2 moiety result in fluorescence quenching and enhancement of BSA respectively. The 3D contour spectral studies of BSA with formamide exhibit a shift in the emission towards the red region accompanied with fluorescence quenching, which indicates that the tryptophan residues of the BSA are exposed to a more polar environment. Circular Dichroism (CD) studies of BSA with amides resulted in a gradual decrease in the α-helical content of BSA at 208 nm, which confirms that there is a conformational change in the native structure of BSA. Time-resolved fluorescence studies illustrate that the extent of buried trytophan moieties exposed to the aqueous phase on the addition of amides follows the order DMF 2 hydrogen and the carbonyl oxygen of amide form a concerted hydrogen-bonding network with the carbonyl oxygen and the amino moieties of amino acids respectively is established from fluorescence methods. -- Highlights: • The manuscript deals with the absorption, emission and fluorescence lifetime studies of Bovine Serum Albumin with amides in aqueous medium. • Fluorescence is correlated to the presence of fluorescing amino acid, tryptophan located in a heterogeneous environment. • This article provides an insight about the fluorescence spectral characteristics of a protein

Exploiting BSA to Inhibit the Fibrous Aggregation of Magnetic Nanoparticles under an Alternating Magnetic Field

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Ning Gu

2013-03-01

Full Text Available The alternating magnetic field was discovered to be capable of inducing the fibrous aggregation of magnetic nanoparticles. However, this anisotropic aggregation may be unfavorable for practical applications. Here, we reported that the adsorption of BSA (bovine serum albumin on the surfaces of magnetic nanoparticles can effectively make the fibrous aggregation of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles turn into a more isotropic aggregation in the presence of the alternating magnetic field. Also, the heating curves with and without BSA adsorption under different pH conditions were measured to show the influence of the colloidal aggregation states on the collective calorific behavior of magnetic nanoparticles.

Evaluation of DNA, BSA binding, and antimicrobial activity of new synthesized neodymium complex containing 29-dimethyl 110-phenanthroline.

Science.gov (United States)

Moradi, Zohreh; Khorasani-Motlagh, Mozhgan; Rezvani, Ali Reza; Noroozifar, Meissam

2018-02-01

In order to evaluate biological potential of a novel synthesized complex [Nd(dmp) 2 Cl 3 .OH 2 ] where dmp is 29-dimethyl 110-phenanthroline, the DNA-binding, cleavage, BSA binding, and antimicrobial activity properties of the complex are investigated by multispectroscopic techniques study in physiological buffer (pH 7.2).The intrinsic binding constant (K b ) for interaction of Nd(III) complex and FS-DNA is calculated by UV-Vis (K b  = 2.7 ± 0.07 × 10 5 ) and fluorescence spectroscopy (K b  = 1.13 ± 0.03 × 10 5 ). The Stern-Volmer constant (K SV ), thermodynamic parameters including free energy change (ΔG°), enthalpy change (∆H°), and entropy change (∆S°), are calculated by fluorescent data and Vant' Hoff equation. The experimental results show that the complex can bind to FS-DNA and the major binding mode is groove binding. Meanwhile, the interaction of Nd(III) complex with protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), has also been studied by using absorption and emission spectroscopic tools. The experimental results show that the complex exhibits good binding propensity to BSA. The positive ΔH° and ∆S° values indicate that the hydrophobic interaction is main force in the binding of the Nd(III) complex to BSA, and the complex can quench the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA remarkably through a static quenching process. Also, DNA cleavage was investigated by agarose gel electrophoresis that according to the results cleavage of DNA increased with increasing of concentration of the complex. Antimicrobial screening test gives good results in the presence of Nd(III) complex system.

Spectroscopic analyses on interaction of o-Vanillin- D-Phenylalanine, o-Vanillin- L-Tyrosine and o-Vanillin- L-Levodopa Schiff Bases with bovine serum albumin (BSA)

Science.gov (United States)

Gao, Jingqun; Guo, Yuwei; Wang, Jun; Wang, Zhiqiu; Jin, Xudong; Cheng, Chunping; Li, Ying; Li, Kai

2011-04-01

In this work, three o-Vanillin Schiff Bases (o-VSB: o-Vanillin- D-Phenylalanine (o-VDP), o-Vanillin- L-Tyrosine (o-VLT) and o-Vanillin- L-Levodopa (o-VLL)) with alanine constituent were synthesized by direct reflux method in ethanol solution, and then were used to study the interaction to bovine serum albumin (BSA) molecules by fluorescence spectroscopy. Based on the fluorescence quenching calculation, the bimolecular quenching constant ( Kq), apparent quenching constant ( Ksv), effective binding constant ( KA) and corresponding dissociation constant ( KD) as well as binding site number ( n) were obtained. In addition, the binding distance ( r) was also calculated according to Foster's non-radioactive energy transfer theory. The results show that these three o-VSB can efficiently bind to BSA molecules, but the binding array order is o-VDP-BSA > o-VLT-BSA > o-VLL-BSA. Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy indicates that the o-VDP is more accessibility to tryptophan (Trp) residues of BSA molecules than to tyrosine (Tyr) residues. Nevertheless, the o-VLT and o-VLL are more accessibility to Tyr residues than to Trp residues.

O comércio potencial brasileiro de carne bovina no contexto de integração regional

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Luciane da Silva Rubin

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudo analisa o potencial exportador do setor brasileiro de carne bovina frente à suposição de futuros acordos de integração regional. Os países ou blocos escolhidos são: União Européia (UE, Acordo de Livre Comércio da América do Norte (Nafta, Comunidade dos Estados Independentes (CEI, República Popular da China (RPC e Japão. Para analisar o potencial exportador do setor de carnes, foram desenvolvidos quatro generalizações metodológicas: o potencial importador dos países, o cálculo da evolução do Índice de Vantagem Revelada das Exportações do Brasil e de seus principais concorrentes, pesquisa bibliográfica das principais barreiras existentes e cálculo do Índice de Orientação Regional. Os resultados, quanto ao potencial importador, indicam que a União Européia (UE constitui-se altamente atrativo para a carne bovina. Os resultados do cálculo das vantagens comparativas revelaram que o Brasil tem alta e crescente competitividade no setor de carnes para o período 1990 a 2003. Quanto aos concorrentes no interior de cada bloco ou país, a União Européia é que apresentou o maior concorrente. Quanto às barreiras impostas, estas revelaram ser, de modo geral, extremamente elevadas e, em alguns casos, impeditivas. Portanto, o setor brasileiro de carnes teria muito a ganhar caso fossem eliminadas tais barreiras. Enfim, na última relação, constata-se alto grau de aceitação das exportações brasileiras de carne bovina àqueles blocos que não têm barreiras sanitárias impeditivas. Contudo, ao cruzar os resultados para o setor, observa-se que, a partir da efetivação de acordos de livre comércio inter-regionais, via Mercosul, ou por acordos bilaterais, com os blocos ou países em estudo, estes trarão ganhos efetivos para o setor brasileiro de carnes.This study analyses the Brazilian beef exportation potential considering the supposition of future agreements of regional integration. The countries or blocks that

Apparent partition coefficient in octanol-water and binding percentage to BSA of 153Sm(113,117Snm) complexes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang Yuqing; Luo Shunzhong; Wang Guanquan; He Jiaheng; Bing Wenzeng; Pu Manfei; Wei Hongyuan; Wang Wenjin

2004-01-01

Apparent partition coefficient in octanol-water and binding percentage to BSA of 153 Sm-NTMP, 153 Sm-HEDTMP, 153 Sm-DCTMP, 153 Sm-EDTMP, 153 Sm-DTPMP, 113,117 Sn m -EDTMP, 113,117 Sn m -HEDTMP, 113,117 Sn m -DTPMP are measured. The results show that there is a linear relationship between the relative magnitude of the apparent partition coefficient in octanol-water and the relative magnitude of the binding percentage to BSA of these 153 Sm( 113,117 Sn m ) complexes. This linear relationship provides a new method for determination of the apparent partition coefficient in octanol-water of 153 Sm( 113,117 Sn m ) complexes of this kind. This linear relationship also implicates that hydrophobic force plays an important role in the binding of 153 Sm( 113,117 Sn m ) complexes to BSA

Neoplasmas da bexiga associados à hematúria enzoótica bovina Urinary bladder neoplasms associated with bovine enzootic hematuria

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Marione de Albuquerque Moreira Souto

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Relatam-se três casos de hematúria enzoótica bovina (HEB em animais provenientes do município de Jaguari, RS, Brasil. As pastagens de todas as propriedades de origem estavam altamente infestadas por samambaia (Pteridium aquilinum. Três bovinos, com idades entre 4 e 7 anos, apresentaram sinais clínicos que incluíam emagrecimento progressivo, hematúria intermitente e palidez das mucosas. As principais lesões foram observadas na bexiga e consistiam de três tipos de neoplasmas: hemangioma capilar, hemangiossarcoma e carcinoma de células escamosas. A epidemiologia, os sinais clínicos e as lesões macroscópicas e microscópicas observadas nos três bovinos são consistentes com o diagnóstico de HEB.Three cases of bovine enzootic hematuria (BHE are described in cattle from the municipality of Jaguari, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The pastures of all affected farms were highly infested with bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum. Three 4-7-year-old bovine had clinical signs of progressive weight loss, intermittent hematuria, and mucosal pallor. The main lesions were observed in the urinary bladder and consisted of three types of neoplasms: capillary hemangioma, hemangiosarcoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. The epidemiology, the clinical signs, and the gross and microscopic lesions observed in all three bovine were of BHE.

MASTITE BOVINA CLÍNICA SUBCLÍNICA, NA REGIÃO DE PIRASSUNUNGA, SP: FREQÜÊNCIAS E REDUÇÃO NA PRODUÇÃO

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Karyne Oliveira Coelho

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho verificar as freqüências de mastite clínica (MC e subclínica (MSC, bem como estimar a redução na produção de leite devido à MSC em cinco rebanhos leiteiros da região de Pirassununga, SP, e ainda aplicar um método simples e de fácil execução no cálculo da redução na produção. No período de setembro a novembro de 2000, 799 quartos mamários, de um total de 201 vacas, foram submetidos aos testes da caneca telada e “California Mastitis Test” (CMT. As freqüências de mastite em animais e quartos, em cada rebanho, foram obtidas pela razão percentual entre o número de positivos e o número total. A estimativa do percentual de redução na produção foi obtida através do somatório dos produtos entre o percentual de quartos afetados, conforme a reação no CMT, e valores de redução na produção encontrados na literatura. As freqüências médias de MC e MSC em animais foram 7,46% e 63,68%, respectivamente. O percentual de redução variou proporcionalmente à freqüência de MSC, sendo 3,82% no rebanho com menor freqüência e 10,79% naquele com maior freqüência. Os resultados demonstram a necessidade de implantar um programa de controle de mastite. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Bovino, mastite clínica, mastite subclínica, prevalência, redução na produção.

Production of BSA-poly(ethyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles as a coating material that improves wetting property.

Science.gov (United States)

Kim, S; Evans, K; Biswas, A

2013-07-01

Alkyl cyanoacrylates have long been used for the synthesis of colloidal nanoparticles. In the involved polymerization reaction, hydroxyl ions derived from dissociation of water have been used as an initiator. In the current research, an animal protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA) molecules were utilized as initiator for the polymerization. Following this reaction scheme, hydrophobic poly(ethyl cyanoacrylate)s were covalently bound to BSA, which is hydrophilic. Therefore, the resultant copolymer was amphiphilic in nature, and formed nanoparticles in the reaction medium. The suspension containing these nanoparticles showed an excellent coating capability on the surface of hydrophobic materials. A simple spray coating changed the wetting property of the material instantly and dramatically. Published by Elsevier B.V.

BSA-coated nanoparticles for improved SERS-based intracellular pH sensing.

Science.gov (United States)

Zheng, Xiao-Shan; Hu, Pei; Cui, Yan; Zong, Cheng; Feng, Jia-Min; Wang, Xin; Ren, Bin

2014-12-16

Local microenvironment pH sensing is one of the key parameters for the understanding of many biological processes. As a noninvasive and high sensitive technique, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has attracted considerable interest in the detection of the local pH of live cells. We herein develop a facile way to prepare Au-(4-MPy)-BSA (AMB) pH nanosensor. The 4-MPy (4-mercaptopyridine) was used as the pH sensing molecule. The modification of the nanoparticles with BSA not only provides a high sensitive response to pH changes ranging from pH 4.0 to 9.0 but also exhibits a high sensitivity and good biocompatibility, stability, and reliability in various solutions (including the solutions of high ionic strength or with complex composition such as the cell culture medium), both in the aggregation state or after long-term storage. The AMB pH nanosensor shows great advantages for reliable intracellular pH analysis and has been successfully used to monitor the pH distribution of live cells and can address the grand challenges in SERS-based pH sensing for practical biological applications.

Farinha de linhaça dourada como substituto de gordura animal em hambúrguer de carne bovina com redução de sódio

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Débora Francielly De Oliveira

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Os consumidores costumam associar os produtos cárneos processados a uma imagem negativa em função dos teores de gordura saturada, sódio e aditivos químicos que apresentam. O trabalho teve por objetivo estudar a influência da adição de farinha de semente de linhaça dourada (Linum usitatissimum L. como substituto de gordura suína e da utilização de sal com teor reduzido de sódio nas características físicas, químicas, microbiológicas e sensoriais de hambúrgueres de carne bovina. Visando tornar o hambúrguer mais saudável, seis formulações foram desenvolvidas mudando as concentrações de sal light e de farinha de linhaça. Os resultados demonstraram que a adição de 10,0% de farinha de semente de linhaça dourada em substituição a 100,0% do toucinho contribuiu para o aumento (p < 0,05 do teor de proteínas. A adição de 5,0% de farinha de linhaça dourada em substituição a 50,0% do toucinho refletiu em boas notas para todos os atributos sensoriais avaliados. Houve aumento (p < 0,05 dos percentuais de ômega-3 e cinzas, e redução (p < 0,05 dos lipídios totais e valor calórico, independente dos níveis de adição da farinha. A substituição de toucinho por farinha de semente de linhaça contribuiu para o menor encolhimento e melhor rendimento, bem como para maior retenção de umidade e de gordura dos hambúrgueres. O sal light não interferiu negativamente nas características microbiológicas dos hambúrgueres e quando associado com a adição de 5,0% de farinha de linhaça contribuiu para melhor (p < 0,05 sabor e aroma. Os resultados sugeriram que a adição de 5,0% de farinha de semente de linhaça dourada como substituto de 50,0% da gordura suína, bem como a redução de 60,1% do sódio em hambúrgueres de carne bovina, se caracterizou alternativa viável do ponto de vista nutricional e sensorial, contribuindo ainda para o maior rendimento do produto após o cozimento.

The Interactions between ZnO Nanoparticles (NPs and α-Linolenic Acid (LNA Complexed to BSA Did Not Influence the Toxicity of ZnO NPs on HepG2 Cells

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Yiwei Zhou

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Background: Nanoparticles (NPs entering the biological environment could interact with biomolecules, but little is known about the interaction between unsaturated fatty acids (UFA and NPs. Methods: This study used α-linolenic acid (LNA complexed to bovine serum albumin (BSA for UFA and HepG2 cells for hepatocytes. The interactions between BSA or LNA and ZnO NPs were studied. Results: The presence of BSA or LNA affected the hydrodynamic size, zeta potential, UV-Vis, fluorescence, and synchronous fluorescence spectra of ZnO NPs, which indicated an interaction between BSA or LNA and NPs. Exposure to ZnO NPs with the presence of BSA significantly induced the damage to mitochondria and lysosomes in HepG2 cells, associated with an increase of intracellular Zn ions, but not intracellular superoxide. Paradoxically, the release of inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6 was decreased, which indicated the anti-inflammatory effects of ZnO NPs when BSA was present. The presence of LNA did not significantly affect all of these endpoints in HepG2 cells exposed to ZnO NPs and BSA. Conclusions: the results from the present study indicated that BSA-complexed LNA might modestly interact with ZnO NPs, but did not significantly affect ZnO NPs and BSA-induced biological effects in HepG2 cells.

Caracterização das áreas hemófagas da placenta bovina Characterization of hemophagous areas of the bovine placenta

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Susana M.M. Cazerta

2007-06-01

Full Text Available A região específica da interface materno-fetal corresponde à zona arcada do placentônio ovino e caprino. Em pequenos ruminantes esta área é também caracterizada por sangue materno extravasado (áreas hemófagas. É possível que o ferro seja transferido para o feto por eritrofagocitose trofoblástica nestas áreas. Para investigar as áreas hemófagas na placenta bovina, foram analisados placentônios de 34 vacas zebuínas gestantes (dois a três, quatro a seis, sete a oito, e nove meses de prenhez. O material foi fixado com solução aquosa de formaldeído a 10% e paraformaldeído a 4%, em tampão fosfato, pH 7,4, 0,1M, sendo processado e corado para microscopia de luz e histoquímica. Os hematomas placentários foram observados entre o epitélio uterino e trofoblástico, a partir de três meses de prenhez. A presença de eritrócitos nas células trofoblásticas elucidou a eritrofago-citose. A reação histoquímica de Perl's permitiu provar a existência de ferro férrico no trofoblasto. A reação de PAS foi po-sitiva, marcando substância mucóide nas células epiteliais e, principalmente, nas células binucleadas do epitélio fetal. Baseando-se nas características histológicas e histoquímicas, inferimos que as áreas hemófagas são sítios importantes para a transferência de ferro na placenta bovina.The specific region of maternal fetal interface needs to be clarified and corresponds to the "arcade zone" of sheep and goat placentomes. In small ruminants that area is also characterized by macroscopic blood extravasation (hemophagous areas. This occurs possibly because the iron is transferred to the embryo by trophoblastic erytrophagocytosis in these hemophagous placental areas. In order to investigate the hemophagous placental areas in cattle, placentomes of 34 pregnant Bos indicus cows (2-3, 4-6, 7-8 and 9 months of gestation were analyzed. They were fixed by perfusion with 10% formaldehyde aqueous solution and 4

Efeito da hidrólise enzimática sobre propriedades funcionais de caseína bovina coagulada pela ação da quimosina Effect of enzimatic hydrolysis on functional properties of bovine casein coagulated by the action of chymosin

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Janesca Alban Roman

2005-09-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a influência do grau de hidrólise sobre as propriedades funcionais hidrofílicas (capacidade de absorção espontânea de água-CAA, capacidade de retenção de água-CRA e solubilidade da proteína-SP e de superfície (capacidade de formação e estabilização de espumas e de emulsões da caseína bovina obtida por coagulação enzimática. Os graus de hidrólise (GH estudados foram: 5,7; 12,8; 20,1 e 35,8%. Observou-se que quanto maior o GH maior a SP e menor a CRA dos hidrolisados. A hidrólise enzimática melhorou a capacidade de formação de espuma, pois o coágulo de caseína (COC não formou espuma nas condições estudadas. A melhor capacidade de formação de espuma foi conseguida com o GH 12,8% e a maior estabilidade com GH 5,7%. Os hidrolisados, com GH 12,8; 20,1 e 35,8% não formaram emulsão. Não houve diferenças significativas entre o GH 5,7% e o COC quanto à formação de emulsão, mas a estabilidade da emulsão do hidrolisado de menor grau de hidrólise foi significativamente superior ao coágulo de caseína.The objective of the present work was to study the influence of degree of hydrolysis (DH on the hydrophilic and surface functional properties of a bovine casein obtained by enzymatic coagulation (COC. The degrees of hydrolysis produced were 5.7, 12.8, 20.1 and 35.8%. It was observed that the higher the DH, the higher the protein solubility and the lower the water retention capacity (WRC of the hydrolysates. The best foaming capacity was obtained with 12.8% DH and best foam stability with 5.7% DH. The hydrolysate with 5.7% DH showed the same emulsifying capacity as the coagulated casein, however emulsion stability was superior for the 5.7% hydrolysate than for COC. The hydrolysates with higher DH (12.8, 20.1 and 35.8% did not form emulsion.

Spectroscopic analyses on sonocatalytic damage to bovine serum albumin (BSA) induced by ZnO/hydroxylapatite (ZnO/HA) composite under ultrasonic irradiation

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Wang, Zhiqiu; Li, Ying; Wang, Jun; Zou, Mingming; Gao, Jingqun; Kong, Yumei; Li, Kai; Han, Guangxi

ZnO/hydroxylapatite (ZnO/HA) composite with HA molar content of 6.0% was prepared by the method of precipitation and heat-treated at 500 °C for 40 min and was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The sonocatalytic activities of ZnO/HA composite was carried out through the damage of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in aqueous solution. Furthermore, the effects of several factors on the damage of BSA molecules were evaluated by means of UV-vis and fluorescence spectra. Experimental results indicated that the damage degree of BSA aggravated with the increase of ultrasonic irradiation time, irradiation power and ZnO/HA addition amount, but weakened with the increase of solution acidity and ionic strength. In addition, the damage site to BSA was also studied by synchronous fluorescence technology and the damage site was mainly at tryptophan (Trp) residue. This paper provides a valuable reference for driving sonocatalytic method to treat tumor in clinic application.

Fatores associados à percepção e atitude de consumidores de carne bovina com certificação de origem em Uberlândia, Minas Gerais

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Marcos Aurélio Lopes

Full Text Available RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar os fatores socioeconômicos relacionados com a decisão de compra de carne com certificação de origem, além de levantar os perfis de percepção e de atitude dos consumidores de carne bovina, em Uberlândia, MG. Foi realizada a descrição das variáveis e construído um modelo múltiplo Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE de regressão logística, para testar as possíveis associações entre as características socioeconômicas dos consumidores e os principais atributos da carne que influenciam a decisão sobre sua compra. As informações foram levantadas por meio de entrevistas com 213 consumidores, de abril a maio de 2012. A presença do carimbo do serviço de inspeção federal (SIF ou estadual é o atributo que mais influencia a decisão de compra dos consumidores. A maioria dos entrevistados já ouviu falar sobre rastreabilidade bovina. Dentre estes, a maior parte está disposta a pagar mais pela carne com certificação de origem. Apesar disso, muitos consideram que o aumento do preço da carne é uma desvantagem da rastreabilidade. Consumidores com maior grau de escolaridade e renda apresentaram melhor conhecimento sobre este tipo de certificação, sendo esses fatores os de grande influência sobre a aceitação dos consumidores em pagar mais caro pela carne bovina rastreada.

Empezando a conocer el mercado doméstico: Análisis de la oferta de productos de carne bovina.

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Lanfranco, Bruno A.; Reyes, Maria L.; Risso, Juan M.

2004-01-01

El presente estudio procura conocer mejor la demanda de productos de carne bovina para tres áreas geográficas de Montevideo que representan diferentes niveles socioeconómicos de la población, a través de la oferta observada en los dos principales formatos de comercialización: supermercados y carnicerías. En la zona de mayor nivel socioeconómico (AG1) se comercializa el 21% del volumen total de estos productos mientras que en la de nivel medio (AG2), con mayor concentración poblacional, se com...

Urea-induced binding between diclofenac sodium and bovine serum albumin: a spectroscopic insight.

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Dohare, Neeraj; Khan, Abbul Bashar; Athar, Fareeda; Thakur, Sonu Chand; Patel, Rajan

2016-06-01

We investigated the interaction of diclofenac sodium (Dic.Na) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the absence and presence of urea using different spectroscopic techniques. A fluorescence quenching study revealed that the Stern-Volmer quenching constant decreases in the presence of urea, decreasing further at higher urea concentrations. The binding constant and number of binding sites were also evaluated for the BSA-Dic.Na interaction system in the absence and presence of urea using a modified Stern-Volmer equation. The binding constant is greater at high urea concentrations, as shown by the fluorescence results. In addition, for the BSA-Dic.Na interaction system, a static quenching mechanism was observed, which was further confirmed using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. UV-vis spectroscopy provided information about the formation of a complex between BSA and Dic.Na. Circular dichroism was carried out to explain the conformational changes in BSA induced by Dic.Na in the absence and presence of urea. The presence of urea reduced the α-helical content of BSA as the Dic.Na concentration varied. The distance r between the donor (BSA) and acceptor (Dic.Na) was also obtained in the absence and presence of urea, using fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Detección, identificación y cuantificación de residuos de cuatro antimicrobianos en carne bovina destinada al consumo humano como contribución al sistema de gestión de inocuidad alimentaria en el marco de aplicación de medidas sanitarias y fitosanitarias

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Vela Perdomo, Karen Lorena

2014-01-01

El control de residuos de sustancias antimicrobianas en productos de origen animal como la carne bovina, es de gran importancia porque los residuos pueden generar en las personas que los consumen problemas de salud como alergias, cambios en la flora intestinal y resistencia antimicrobiana en bacterias. En Colombia, la vigilancia del cumplimiento de los Límites Máximos de Residuos LMRs de antimicrobianos veterinarios en carne bovina es limitada, debido a que la capacidad analítica es insuficie...

Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA markers in traceability of retail beef samples Marcadores de DNA nuclear e mitocondrial para rastreabilidade da carne bovina comercializada

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Aline S.M. Cesar

2010-09-01

ém de dados da cadeia produtiva. Em geral, a empresa certificadora dispõe das informações do animal que está sendo abatido, porém não tem condições de garantir se houve erro entre abate, desossa, processamento e a distribuição dos produtos. Existe diferenciação no custo e na qualidade dos produtos cárneos, especialmente no mercado internacional, em virtude do sexo e composição racial dos animais. Os marcadores genéticos permitem identificar as características que são controladas num programa de rastreabilidade bovina tais como sexo e composição racial, permitindo identificar e avaliar corretamente para o consumidor, o produto final. A hipótese deste estudo foi que a maioria das amostras de carne bovina vendida no mercado local seria proveniente de fêmeas e com grande participação de raças Zebu. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar amostras de carne bovina com marcadores de DNA para identificar o sexo e a composição racial. Em dez pontos comerciais da cidade de Pirasssununga, SP, Brasil, foram coletadas 61 amostras e todas foram genotipadas como possuindo DNA mitocondrial Bos taurus e 18 foram positivos para amplificação do cromossomo Y (macho. Para o marcador sat1711b-Msp I a frequência alélica do A foi 0.278 e para o marcador Lhr-Hha I a frequência alélica do T foi 0.417. Os resultados das frequências alélicas do sat1711b-Msp I e Lhr-Hha I apresentaram menor proporção do genoma Bos indicus em relação ao Bos taurus quando comparado ao rebanho Nelore. Com a metodologia descrita neste trabalho foi possível avaliar o sexo e as características de subespécie das amostras de carne bovina, tendo uma importante aplicação para a certificação de produtos cárneos especialmente, em programas de rastreabilidade animal.

Antimicrobial and cell viability measurement of bovine serum albumin capped silver nanoparticles (Ag/BSA) loaded collagen immobilized poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) film.

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Bakare, Rotimi; Hawthrone, Samantha; Vails, Carmen; Gugssa, Ayele; Karim, Alamgir; Stubbs, John; Raghavan, Dharmaraj

2016-03-01

Bacterial infection of orthopedic devices has been a major concern in joint replacement procedures. Therefore, this study is aimed at formulating collagen immobilized poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) film loaded with bovine serum albumin capped silver nanoparticles (Ag/BSA NPs) to inhibit bacterial growth while retaining/promoting osteoblast cells viability. The nanoparticles loaded collagen immobilized PHBV film was characterized for its composition by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Anodic Stripping Voltammetry. The extent of loading of Ag/BSA NPs on collagen immobilized PHBV film was found to depend on the chemistry of the functionalized PHBV film and the concentration of Ag/BSA NPs solution used for loading nanoparticles. Our results showed that more Ag/BSA NPs were loaded on higher molecular weight collagen immobilized PHEMA-g-PHBV film. Maximum loading of Ag/BSA NPs on collagen immobilized PHBV film was observed when 16ppm solution was used for adsorption studies. Colony forming unit and optical density measurements showed broad antimicrobial activity towards Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at significantly lower concentration i.e., 0.19 and 0.31μg/disc, compared to gentamicin and sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim while MTT assay showed that released nanoparticles from Ag/BSA NPs loaded collagen immobilized PHBV film has no impact on MCTC3-E1 cells viability. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Mastitis Bovina: Resistencia a antibióticos de cepas de Staphylococcus aureus asiladas de leche (Bovine Mastitis: Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from milk)

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Pellegrino, MS; Frola, ID; Odierno, LM; Bogni, CI

2011-01-01

ResumenLa mastitis bovina es considerada la enfermedad infecciosa del ganado lechero de mayor impacto económico mundial, siendo Staphylococcus aureus el principal agente patógeno en muchos países.SummaryBovine mastitis is a frequent cause of economic loss in worldwide dairy herds, being Staphylococcus aureus the main etiological agent in many countries.

DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA ENTRE SUBPOBLACIONES RACIALES BOVINAS DE COSTA RICA

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Marco Martínez

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del estudio fue cuantificar la diversidad genética entre 16 subpoblaciones raciales bovinas de Costa Rica, con base en 1412 muestras de ADN bovino de todo el país, evaluadas mediante 18 marcadores microsatélites. El número promedio de alelos (Na por locus dentro de raza fue de 10,3, que varían entre 8 (Holstein×Jersey y 13 (Criolla para doble propósito. El número promedio de alelos efectivo (Ne fue de 5,04, con cambios entre 4,18 (Jersey y 5,64 (Bos taurus×Bos indicus. La heterocigosidad observada promedio fue de 0,77, variando entre 0,73 (Jersey y 0,81 (Bos taurus×Bos indicus. La heterocigosidad esperada (He promedio fue de 0,78, que oscilan entre 0,74 (Jersey y Holstein×Jersey y 0,81 (Bos taurus×Bos indicus, Criolla para doble propósito y Cruces para doble propósito. El contenido de información polimórfica (PIC fue de 0,76, con variaciones entre 0,71 (Jersey y Holstein×Jersey y 0,79 (Criollas para doble propósito y Cruces para doble propósito. El FIS promedio fue de 0,02, con oscilaciones entre -0,03 (Holstein×Jersey a 0,04 (Brahman, Criolla para carne y Cruces para leche. La desviación del equilibrio Hardy Weinberg no fue significativa (p>0,05 en la mayoría de los loci para las subpoblaciones raciales. El subgrupo con mayor número de loci en desequilibrio fue Jersey (8 loci, mientras que los subgrupos Bos taurus×Bos indicus, Criolla para leche y Holstein×Jersey presentaron solo 1 locus en desequilibrio. Los índices de fijación FIS (0,02, FIT (0,05 y FST (0,03 indicaron cierta tendencia hacia la homocigosidad. Los dendrogramas mostraron 3 agrupaciones raciales claramente diferenciadas que coinciden con las razas de origen Bos taurus, Bos indicus y sus respectivos cruces. Los resultados del análisis indicaron que el número de microsatélites empleados sí permitió establecer una discriminación clara a nivel de las frecuencias alélicas y en la distribución del tamaño de los alelos entre las

Modeling water partition in composite gels of BSA with gelatin following high pressure treatment.

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Semasaka, Carine; Mhaske, Pranita; Buckow, Roman; Kasapis, Stefan

2018-11-01

Changes in the structural properties of hydrogels made with gelatin and bovine serum albumin mixtures were recorded following exposure to high pressure at 300 MPa for 15 min at 10 and 80 °C. Dynamic oscillation, SEM, FTIR and blending law modelling were utilised to rationalise results. Pressurization at the low temperature end yielded continuous gelatin networks supporting discontinuous BSA inclusions, whereas an inverted dispersion was formed at the high temperature end with the continuous BSA network suspending the discontinuous gelatin inclusions. Lewis and Nielsen equations followed the mechanical properties of the composites thus arguing that solvent partition between the two phases was always in favour of the polymer forming the continuous network. As far as we are aware, this is the first attempt to elucidate the solvent partition in pressurised hydrogel composites using blending law theory. Outcomes were contrasted with earlier work where binary mixtures were subjected only to thermal treatment. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Effect of BSA Antigen Sensitization during the Acute Phase of Influenza A Viral Infection on CD11c+ Pulmonary Antigen Presenting Cells

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Fumitaka Sato

2009-01-01

Conclusions: BSA antigen sensitization during the acute phase of influenza A viral infection enhanced IL-10 production from naive CD4+ T cell interaction with CD11c+ pulmonary APCs. The IL-10 secretion evoked Th2 responses in the lungs with downregulation of Th1 responses and was important for the eosinophil recruitment into the lungs after BSA antigen challenge.

PROPRIEDADES EMULSIONANTES E SOLUBILIDADE DA CASEÍNA BOVINA: 2. EFEITO DA ADIÇÃO DE NaCl EMULSIFYING PROPERTIES AND SOLUBILITY OF CASEIN: 2. EFFECTS OF THE NaCl ADDITION

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Ângela Jardim DUARTE

1998-08-01

Full Text Available O efeito da adição de NaCl sobre algumas propriedades funcionais da caseína e de seus hidrolisados trípticos, foi estudado em dois valores de pH (4,0 e 5,0. Para tal, foi adicionado um teor de 0,02M do sal às soluções-tampão empregadas no preparo das amostras. Foram determinadas a solubilidade protéica, a capacidade emulsificante (EC, o índice de atividade emulsificante (EAI e a estabilidade das emulsões (ES, e o raio médio dos glóbulos de gordura (R foi calculado. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que, nos dois valores de pH estudados, a adição de NaCl levou a um aumento significativo da solubilidade e da EC da caseína e de todos os hidrolisados trípticos. Por outro lado, diminuiu os valores de EAI da caseína e elevou os dos hidrolisados, tendo sido observado o oposto para o tamanho dos glóbulos de gordura. Com relação à ES, a da caseína apresentou ligeiro aumento no pH 5,0, enquanto que apenas alguns hidrolisados trípticos tiveram a sua ES elevada em pH 4,0 ou 5,0.The effect of the NaCl addition on the emulsifying properties of casein and tryptic casein hydrolysates was studied in two pH values (4,0 e 5,0. A 0.02 M concentration of salt was added to the buffer solutions used for preparing the samples. The protein solubility, the emulsifying capacity (EC, the emulsifying activity index (EAI and the emulsion stability (ES were determined. The mean radius (R of fat droplets was also calculated. The results showed that the addition of NaCl increased the solubility and the EC of casein and casein hydrolysates, in both pH values. However, this salt addition reduced the EAI of casein and increased that of the hydrolysates.The opposite was observed relating to the R of fat droplets. Regarding the ES, that of casein presented little increase in pH 5.0, and the same result was obtained for only some hydrolysates in pH 5.0 or 4.0.

Puerarin suppresses proliferation of endometriotic stromal cells partly via the MAPK signaling pathway induced by 17ß-estradiol-BSA.

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Wen Cheng

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Puerarin is a major isoflavonoid compound extracted from Radix puerariae. It has a weak estrogenic action by binding to estrogen receptors (ERs. In our early clinical practice to treat endometriosis, a better therapeutic effect was achieved if the formula of traditional Chinese medicine included Radix puerariae. The genomic and non-genomic effects of puerarin were studied in our Lab. This study aims to investigate the ability of puerarin to bind competitively to ERs in human endometriotic stromal cells (ESCs, determine whether and how puerarin may influence phosphorylation of the non-genomic signaling pathway induced by 17ß-estradiol conjugated to BSA (E(2-BSA. METHODOLOGY: ESCs were successfully established. Binding of puerarin to ERs was assessed by a radioactive competitive binding assay in ESCs. Activation of the signaling pathway was screened by human phospho-kinase array, and was further confirmed by western blot. Cell proliferation was analyzed according to the protocol of CCK-8. The mRNA and protein levels of cyclin D1, Cox-2 and Cyp19 were determined by real-time PCR and western blotting. Inhibitor of MEK1/2 or ER antagonist was used to confirm the involved signal pathway. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Our data demonstrated that the total binding ability of puerarin to ERs on viable cells is around 1/3 that of 17ß-estradiol (E(2. E(2-BSA was able to trigger a rapid, non-genomic, membrane-mediated activation of ERK1/2 in ESCs and this phenomenon was associated with an increased proliferation of ESCs. Treating ESCs with puerarin abrogated the phosphorylation of ERK and significantly decreased cell proliferation, as well as related gene expression levels enhanced by E(2-BSA. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Puerarin suppresses proliferation of ESCs induced by E(2-BSA partly via impeding a rapid, non-genomic, membrane-initiated ERK pathway, and down-regulation of Cyclin D1, Cox-2 and Cyp19 are involved in the process. Our data further show

Screening of medicinal plants for antibacterial activities on Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitis Screening de plantas medicinais com atividade antimicrobiana contra cepas de Staphylococcus aureus isoladas de mastite bovina

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Marisa A. N. Diaz

2010-11-01

Full Text Available Staphylococcus aureus is the main causative agent of bovine mastitis. The activity of several extracts from ten medicinal plants traditionally used in Brazil as antiseptic was investigated against fifteen strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from animals with mastitis manifestation by the disc diffusion method and broth microdilution assay. The interference of the extracts on cell in the form of adherent colonies was also evaluated. MIC values ranged from 0.5 mg/mL to 1.0 mg/mL and biofilm inhibitory concentration (BIC were between 0.25 mg/mL and 0.8 mg/mL. Results revealed the potential of extracts of Senna macranthera, Artemisia absinthium, Cymbopogon nardus and Baccharis dracunculifolia as antibacterial agents against S. aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitis and support the possible use of these phytotherapic agents in the clinical management of the disease.Staphylococcus aureus é o principal agente causador de mastite bovina. A atividade de diversos extratos de dez plantas medicinais tradicionalmente usadas no Brasil como anti-sépticas foi investigada contra quinze cepas de Staphylococcus aureus isoladas de animais com manifestação de mastite pelo método de difusão em ágar e ensaio de microdiluição. A interferência dos extratos na célula bacteriana em forma de colônias aderidas também foi avaliada. Os valores de MIC variaram de 0.5 mg/mL a 1.0 mg/mL e a concentração inibitória de biofilme (BIC variou de 0.25 mg/mL a 0.8 mg/mL. Os resultados revelaram o potencial dos extratos de Senna macranthera, Artemisia absinthium, Cymbopogon nardus e Baccharis dracunculifolia como agentes antibacterianos contra cepas de S. aureus isolados de mastite bovina e suportam o possível uso destas plantas no manejo clínico da doença.

Atividade antimicrobiana dos óleos essenciais de erva-cidreira e manjericão frente a bactérias de carnes bovinas
Antimicrobial activity of essential oils of cidreira-herb and basil against bacteria from bovine meat

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G. G. SANTOS

2011-04-01

Full Text Available

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana, in vitro, dos óleos essenciais extraídos de Lippia alba (Mill N. E. Brown e Ocimum basilicum frente a microrganismos isolados de carnes bovinas. Os óleos foram extraídos por hidrodestilação e caracterizados quanto à composição por cromatografi a gasosa. A concentração inibitória mínima (CIM e concentração bactericida mínima dos óleos (CBM foram determinadas pelo método de microplacas utilizando concentrações de óleos entre 0,39 e 25μg/mL. Foram utilizadas suspensões de diferentes cepas de Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus e Salmonella sp. na concentração de 0,5x104 UFC/mL. O óleo de Lippia alba N.E. Brown apresentou maior efi ciência como agente bacteriostático e bactericida frente às diferentes cepas de Staphylococcus aureus e Salmonella sp. isoladas de carnes bovinas do que o óleo essencial de Ocimum basilicum (cultivar “Maria Bonita”, o qual foi mais efetivo frente às cepas de Escherichia coli. Além disto, os óleos essenciais apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana em concentrações muito menores do que as obtidas por outros pesquisadores.

Phylogenetic reconstruction and the identification of ancient polymorphism in the Bovini tribe (Bovidae, Bovinae

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MacEachern Sean

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background The Bovinae subfamily incorporates an array of antelope, buffalo and cattle species. All of the members of this subfamily have diverged recently. Not surprisingly, a number of phylogenetic studies from molecular and morphological data have resulted in ambiguous trees and relationships amongst species, especially for Yak and Bison species. A partial phylogenetic reconstruction of 13 extant members of the Bovini tribe (Bovidae, Bovinae from 15 complete or partially sequenced autosomal genes is presented. Results We identified 3 distinct lineages after the Bovini split from the Boselaphini and Tragelaphini tribes, which has lead to the (1 Buffalo clade (Bubalus and Syncerus species and a more recent divergence leading to the (2 Banteng, Gaur and Mithan and (3 Domestic cattle clades. A fourth lineage may also exist that leads to Bison and Yak. However, there was some ambiguity as to whether this was a divergence from the Banteng/Gaur/Mithan or the Domestic cattle clade. From an analysis of approximately 30,000 sites that were amplified in all species 133 sites were identified with ambiguous inheritance, in that all trees implied more than one mutation at the same site. Closer examination of these sites has identified that they are the result of ancient polymorphisms that have subsequently undergone lineage sorting in the Bovini tribe, of which 53 have remained polymorphic since Bos and Bison species last shared a common ancestor with Bubalus between 5–8 million years ago (MYA. Conclusion Uncertainty arises in our phylogenetic reconstructions because many species in the Bovini diverged over a short period of time. It appears that a number of sites with ambiguous inheritance have been maintained in subsequent populations by chance (lineage sorting and that they have contributed to an association between Yak and Domestic cattle and an unreliable phylogenetic reconstruction for the Bison/Yak clade. Interestingly, a number of these

Phylogenetic reconstruction and the identification of ancient polymorphism in the Bovini tribe (Bovidae, Bovinae).

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MacEachern, Sean; McEwan, John; Goddard, Mike

2009-04-24

The Bovinae subfamily incorporates an array of antelope, buffalo and cattle species. All of the members of this subfamily have diverged recently. Not surprisingly, a number of phylogenetic studies from molecular and morphological data have resulted in ambiguous trees and relationships amongst species, especially for Yak and Bison species. A partial phylogenetic reconstruction of 13 extant members of the Bovini tribe (Bovidae, Bovinae) from 15 complete or partially sequenced autosomal genes is presented. We identified 3 distinct lineages after the Bovini split from the Boselaphini and Tragelaphini tribes, which has lead to the (1) Buffalo clade (Bubalus and Syncerus species) and a more recent divergence leading to the (2) Banteng, Gaur and Mithan and (3) Domestic cattle clades. A fourth lineage may also exist that leads to Bison and Yak. However, there was some ambiguity as to whether this was a divergence from the Banteng/Gaur/Mithan or the Domestic cattle clade. From an analysis of approximately 30,000 sites that were amplified in all species 133 sites were identified with ambiguous inheritance, in that all trees implied more than one mutation at the same site. Closer examination of these sites has identified that they are the result of ancient polymorphisms that have subsequently undergone lineage sorting in the Bovini tribe, of which 53 have remained polymorphic since Bos and Bison species last shared a common ancestor with Bubalus between 5-8 million years ago (MYA). Uncertainty arises in our phylogenetic reconstructions because many species in the Bovini diverged over a short period of time. It appears that a number of sites with ambiguous inheritance have been maintained in subsequent populations by chance (lineage sorting) and that they have contributed to an association between Yak and Domestic cattle and an unreliable phylogenetic reconstruction for the Bison/Yak clade. Interestingly, a number of these aberrant sites are in coding sections of the genome

Doenças priônicas: avaliação dos riscos envolvidos na utilização de produtos de origem bovina Prionic disease: evaluation of the risks involved in using products of bovine origin

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Omar Lupi

2003-02-01

Full Text Available Os príons são proteínas que se mostram capazes de auto-replicação apesar de, para isso, alterar o metabolismo celular. São responsáveis por inúmeras doenças em animais e no ser humano (doenças priônicas, todas elas fatais. Essas moléstias apresentam enorme variabilidade quanto ao período de incubação, de alguns meses a 40 anos. Os príons acumulam-se e destroem os neurônios, provocando quadros conhecidos como encefalopatias espongiosiformes. Discute-se a apresentação clínica, epidemiológica e histórica das doenças priônicas. O foco maior de discussão recai, no entanto, na possibilidade teórica da transmissão iatrogênica dos príons por meio das formulações tópicas que utilizam ceramidas (cerebrosídeos ou placenta de origem bovina, assim como pelo risco representado por alguns procedimentos dermatológicos, como transplantes da pele e implantes de colágeno.A prion is a protein that is capable of self replication, thereby altering a cell's metabolism. It is responsible for a number of human and animal diseases (prionic diseases, all of which are always lethal. These diseases have enormous variability in their incubation periods, ranging from a few months to forty years. Prions accumulate and destroy nerve cells, causing spongiform encephalopathy. We discuss the clinical picture, epidemiology, and historical background of prionic diseases. The major focus of the discussion lies, however, on the theoretical possibility of iatrogenic transmission of prion infection due to topical formulations using ceramides (cerebrosides or placenta of bovine origin, as well as the risk represented by some dermatological procedures such as skin grafts and collagen implants.

Synthesis of an oxytetracyline-tolidin-BSA immunogen and antibodies production of anti-oxytetracyline developed for oxytetracyline residue detection with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays technique

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Widiastuti R

2013-06-01

Full Text Available An oxytetracycline-tolidin-bovine serum albumin (OTC-tolidin-BSA-conjugate was synthezed as immunogen for producing specific antibodies in immunized rabbits that would be used as reagent for development of OTC residue detection with enzym-linked immunoassays technique. The immunogen was prepared through diazotization tolidin and subsequently reacted with OTC. The red purple immunogen of OTC-tolidin-BSA absorbed at wave lengths of 277 nm and 488 nm under UV screening absorbances and confirmation with the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC showed the absence of peak at retention time of 3.46 minutes. Characaterized result with SDS-PAGE showed the molecular weight of the OTC-tolidin-BSA at 69.79 kDA. Subsequently, the immunogen was immunized into New Zealand rabbits in order to produce the polyclonal antibodies. The antibodies were purified using a protein A sepharose column. The OD optimum responses of 0.92 to 1.20 were obtained from the second fractionation at dilution of 1/1000 by titrating the antibodies and OTC-tolidin-BSA coating antigen at concentration of 10 µg/mL on several bleeding times.

Comportamiento epidemiológico de la rabia paralítica bovina en la región central de México, 2001-2013

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Isabel Bárcenas-Reyes

Full Text Available OBJETIVO:Determinar la distribución geoespacial de los casos de rabia paralítica bovina transmitida por Desmodus rotundus en los estados de Guanajuato, Querétaro y San Luis Potosí, México. MÉTODOS: Estudio epidemiológico transversal a partir de los casos notificados por las campañas estatales de control de la rabia paralítica bovina en Guanajuato (2008-2013, Querétaro (2005-2013 y San Luis Potosí (2001-2013. Se confirmaron los casos por inmunofluorescencia directa. Se elaboraron mapas de distribución de los casos por año y por especie, mediante el software ArcMap versión 10.1. Para identificar áreas con condiciones apropiadas para la presencia de casos se combinaron las variables bioclimáticas con los casos georreferenciados, mediante el programa MaxEnt versión 3.3.3. RESULTADOS: Se registraron 1 037 casos, de los cuales, 911 (87,9% ocurrieron en San Luis Potosí, 82 (7,9% en Querétaro y 44 (4,2% en Guanajuato. Del total, 87,4% ocurrió en alturas menores de 1 500 msnm. En Guanajuato y Querétaro, 77,3% y 42,3% de los casos, respectivamente, ocurrieron en alturas mayores de 1 500 msnm. Los meses de mayor incidencia fueron de diciembre a marzo. La variante antigénica viral V11 fue la más frecuente (173 casos, presente en los tres estados estudiados. En el canal endémico, el promedio de casos se mantiene en la zona de seguridad de enero a marzo, pero de abril a junio excede la mediana. La distribución espacial de los casos muestra la diseminación reciente de la enfermedad, lo que coincide con la presencia del murciélago vampiro. CONCLUSIONES: La rabia paralítica bovina se ha extendido a regiones anteriormente libres de esta enfermedad. Las características ambientales y la altura sobre el nivel del mar no limitan la presentación de casos. Se debe mantener un monitoreo constante para la detección oportuna de casos. La vacunación se debe realizar antes del comienzo de las lluvias, sin esperar la aparición de brotes.

Actividad biológica e inmunológica de las isoformas de carga de la hormona luteinizante bovina

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Álvaro Ortega

2016-01-01

Full Text Available La hormona luteinizante (LH sufre modificaciones postraduccionales que dan origen a isoformas de carga. El estudio determinó la actividad biológica (B e inmunológica (I de distintas isoformas de LH bovina. Las isoformas se aislaron mediante el cromatoenfoque a partir del extracto glicoprotéico obtenido de lóbulos anteriores de hipófisis de bovino. La actividad biológica se evaluó en un bioensayo in vitro midiendo la producción de AMPc. La actividad inmunológica se midió con un radioinmunoensayo (RIA específico para LH. El USDA-bLH-B5 se utilizó como referencia. Las isoformas se agruparon tomando como referencia el rango de pH de elución, en básicas (A, pH, 10.75-9.75; B, pH, 9.58-8.41, neutras (C, pH, 7.98-6.89 y ácidas (D, pH, 6.88-5.41; E, pH, 5.36-3.46. El peso molecular del heterodímero de cada isoforma y del estándar fue similar, estimado en 36.5 kDa. La actividad inmunológica y biológica se comportó de forma dosis-dependiente. Con respecto al estándar, se requirió una mayor concentración de proteína de cada isoforma para obtener el IC50 en la curva de inhibición. En el bioensayo, el valor EC50 para la producción de AMPc fue significativamente diferente entre isoformas; la isoforma neutra mostró un EC50 inferior lo que se interpretó como la proteína más bioactiva, en contraste, la isoforma ácida, mostró un valor de EC50 superior y resultó ser la menos bioactiva; la básica tuvo un comportamiento intermedio (P<0.05. En conclusión, los resultados sugieren un efecto diferenciado de las isoformas de carga, sobre la producción cuantitativa de AMPc por unidad de LH inmunoreactiva.

EFEITO DE CRIAÇÃO OU DESVIO DE COMÉRCIO DAS IMPORTAÇÕES DE PRODUTOS AGROINDUSTRIAIS PELA UNIÃO EUROPÉIA: UMA APLICAÇÃO DE INDICADORES ESTATÍSTICOS

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Diogo Del Fiori

2017-01-01

Full Text Available A União Europeia (UE coloca em prática grandes níveis de barreiras tarifárias e não tarifárias sobre as importações de produtos agroindustriais em que o bloco europeu detém menor nível de competitividade. No presente trabalho, o período de análise englobou os anos de 1996 a 2013 e, a princípio, o objetivo foi estimar o Índice de Vantagem Comparativa Revelada (IVCR, cujos resultados mostram que o Brasil possui maior nível de competitividade frente aos produtos europeus de carne bovina fresca (SH 0201, carne bovina congelada (SH 0202, carne suína (SH 0203, carne de frango (SH 0207, açúcar bruto (SH 1701 e suco de fruta (SH 2009, que foram os produtos selecionados para a análise por receberem a incidência de pico tarifário. A seguir, empregou-se o Índice de Orientação Regional (IOR, que aponta para uma tendência de exportação fora da UE para carne de frango (SH 0207 e carne suína (SH 0202 e uma diminuição do potencial das exportações do Brasil de carne bovina fresca (SH 0201 e carne bovina congelada (SH 0202. Por fim, o Índice de Introversão ao Comércio e o Índice de Propensão Relativa ao Comércio, desenvolvidos por Iapadre (2004, capturaram um maior nível de comércio no âmbito intrabloco em detrimento do comércio extrabloco, sendo de forma mais intensa para a carne bovina fresca, carne bovina congelada, carne suína e carne de frango, de acordo com os resultados do índice de introversão ao comércio e do índice de Propensão Relativa do Comércio Intrarregional, o que mostra a presença do efeito de desvio de comércio das importações desses produtos do bloco europeu com relação aos seus parceiros comerciais. Esse resultado impacta diretamente o Brasil, que ocupa a primeira colocação dentre os 48 principais parceiros comerciais da UE para esses produtos analisados.

Deinhibition of cardiac Na+-K+-ATPase after exposure to exogenous phospholipase A2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Colvin, R.A.

1987-01-01

After 2 h of exogenous phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) exposure, membrane phospholipid decreased from 3.22 +/- 0.31 to 1.06 +/- 0.13 μmol/mg (33% of control). All classes of phospholipid, except sphingomyelin, were hydrolyzed, whereas total cholesterol content was unaffected. Increases in nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) were reflected primarily in oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2), and arachidonic (20:4). Na + -K + -adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) activity was inhibited to 29% of control by 2 h of PLA 2 treatment, and this inhibition was reversed (albeit, not completely after 5 min of PLA 2 treatment) by removal of the hydrolysis products with 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA). In contrast, the apparent binding capacity for [ 3 H]ouabain was not affected by PLA 2 treatment. Unmasking of latent [ 3 H]ouabain binding by alamethicin was utilized to estimate changes in the proportion of sealed vesicles present before and after PLA 2 treatment. PLA 2 treatment resulted in a time-dependent loss of sealed vesicles that paralleled the time course of phospholipid hydrolysis and was not reversed by washing with BSA. These studies demonstrate that cardiac Na + -K + -ATPase activity is inhibited by accumulation of endogenously produced lysophospholipids and NEFA. In contrast, loss of vesicle integrity may result from both accumulation of endogenously produced hydrolysis products and membrane phospholipid depletion

Emergência de Haematobia irritans em fezes bovinas no município de Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro Emergence of Haematobia irritans in cattle dung pats in Seropédica county, Rio de Janeiro

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Douglas Marques de Macedo

2001-06-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a emergência de Haematobia irritans em fezes de bovinos mantidas a campo e em laboratório, além de observar a presença de outros dípteros associados às massas fecais. Foram utilizados dois grupos de fezes bovinas, um à campo e outro em laboratório, sendo cada grupo formado por cinco bolos fecais frescos de tamanho mediano (cerca de 30 cm de diâmetro, aparência opaca, cor esverdeada, presença de fina crosta externa e consistência firme. As fezes foram cobertas com gaiolas de emergência de formato piramidal, apresentando na parte superior um orifício onde foi acoplado um frasco removível; a substituição das fezes foi realizada quinzenalmente. Foram coletados um total de 355 espécimens de H. irritans, sendo 151 provenientes das gaiolas mantidas no campo e 204 em laboratório. Estas diferenças deveram-se provavelmente à menores oscilações de temperatura verificadas no laboratório do que àquelas ocorridas no campo, além da ação de artrópodes predadores, competidores e parasitóides que, provavelmente, interferiram na emergência de H. irritans nas fezes bovinas mantidas no campo. Foi observado maior número de fêmeas em comparação com machos em ambas as condições investigadas. Além de H. irritans, obteve-se outros dípteros associados às fezes bovinas, pertencentes as seguintes famílias: Aulacigastridae, Muscidae, Psychodidae, Sarcophagidae, Sepsidae, Tachinidae e Ulidiidae. Sepsidae foi a mais abundante, com 5.224 exemplares do total de 8.928 dípteros obtidos, seguida por Sarcophagidae com 2.235 espécimens coletados, Muscidae com 1.357, Aulacigastridae com 54, Psychodidae com 46, Ulidiidae com 6 e Tachinidae com 5 exemplares.This study was carried out in order to investigate the emergence of adult flies of Haematobia irritans in cattle dung maintained in the field and in the laboratory, as well as other flies associated with dung pats. Two groups of cattle dung were

1997 Baseline Sampling and Analysis Sample Locations, Geographic NAD83, LOSCO (2004) [BSA_1997_sample_locations_LOSCO_2004

Data.gov (United States)

Louisiana Geographic Information Center — The monitor point data set was produced as a part of the Baseline Sampling and Analysis (BSA) program coordinated by the Louisiana Oil Spill Coordinator's Office....

Front-face fluorescence spectroscopy study of globular proteins in emulsions: displacement of BSA by a nonionic surfactant.

Science.gov (United States)

Rampon, V; Genot, C; Riaublanc, A; Anton, M; Axelos, M A V; McClements, D J

2003-04-23

The displacement of a globular protein (bovine serum albumin, BSA) from the surface of oil droplets in concentrated oil-in-water emulsions by a nonionic surfactant (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolauarate, Tween 20) was studied using front-face fluorescence spectroscopy (FFFS). This method relies on measurement of the change in intensity (I(MAX)) and wavelength (lambda(MAX)) of the maximum in the tryptophan emission spectrum. A series of oil-in-water emulsions (21 wt % n-hexadecane, 0.22 wt % BSA, pH 7.0) containing different molar ratios of Tween 20 to BSA (R = 0-131) were prepared. As the surfactant concentration was increased, the protein was progressively displaced from the droplet surfaces. At R > or = 66, the protein was completely displaced from the droplet surfaces. There was an increase in both I(MAX) and lambda(MAX) with increasing Tween 20 concentration up to R = 66, which correlated with the increase in the ratio of nonadsorbed to adsorbed protein. In contrast, there was a decrease in I(MAX) and lambda(MAX) with Tween 20 concentration in protein solutions and for R > or = 66 in the emulsions, which was attributed to binding of the surfactant to the protein. This study shows that FFFS is a powerful technique for nondestructively providing information about the interfacial composition of droplets in concentrated protein-stabilized emulsions in situ. Nevertheless, in general the suitability of the technique may also depend on protein type and the nature of the physicochemical matrix surrounding the proteins.

Good use of fruit wastes: eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles, characterization, BSA protein binding studies.

Science.gov (United States)

Sreekanth, T V M; Ravikumar, Sambandam; Lee, Yong Rok

2016-06-01

A simple and eco-friendly methodology for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using a mango seed extract was evaluated. The AgNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The interaction between the green synthesized AgNPs and bovine serum albumin (BSA) in an aqueous solution at physiological pH was examined by fluorescence spectroscopy. The results confirmed that the AgNPs quenched the fluorophore of BSA by forming a ground state complex in aqueous solution. This fluorescence quenching data were also used to determine the binding sites and binding constants at different temperatures. The calculated thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS°) suggest that the binding process occurs spontaneously through the involvement of electrostatic interactions. The synchronous fluorescence spectra showed a blue shift, indicating increasing hydrophobicity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Physicochemical characterization of 3,6-diHydroxyflavone binding BSA immobilized on PEG-coated silver nanoparticles

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Voicescu, Mariana, E-mail: voicescu@icf.ro [Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of the Romanian Academy (Romania); Ionescu, Sorana [University of Bucharest, Department of Physical Chemistry (Romania); Calderon-Moreno, Jose M. [Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu” of the Romanian Academy (Romania); Nistor, Cristina L. [National R& D Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, Polymer Department (Romania)

2017-02-15

Studies based on silver nanoparticles (SNPs) and polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are mainly in the pharmaceutical field, with PEG as good “vehicle” to transport protein-based drugs. In this work, physicochemical characteristics of 3,6-diHydroxyflavone (3,6-diHF) binding bovine serum albumin (BSA) on PEG (Tween20, L64, and Myrj52)-coated SNPs have been investigated by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. These interactions give rise to the formation of intermolecular and intramolecular H bonds. As a subject of interest, the effect of temperature (30–60 °C) on the H bonds was studied by steady-state fluorescence. The size distribution and zeta potential of SNPs were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed the spherical nature of particles with average diameter ~40–80 nm. The structure, stability, dynamics, and conformational changes in adsorbed BSA protein on the PEG-coated SNPs surface have been also investigated by steady-state/lifetime fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The results have relevance in the oxidative stress and drug delivery processes.

Physicochemical characterization of 3,6-diHydroxyflavone binding BSA immobilized on PEG-coated silver nanoparticles

Science.gov (United States)

Voicescu, Mariana; Ionescu, Sorana; Calderon-Moreno, Jose M.; Nistor, Cristina L.

2017-02-01

Studies based on silver nanoparticles (SNPs) and polyethylene glycols (PEGs) are mainly in the pharmaceutical field, with PEG as good "vehicle" to transport protein-based drugs. In this work, physicochemical characteristics of 3,6-diHydroxyflavone (3,6-diHF) binding bovine serum albumin (BSA) on PEG (Tween20, L64, and Myrj52)-coated SNPs have been investigated by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. These interactions give rise to the formation of intermolecular and intramolecular H bonds. As a subject of interest, the effect of temperature (30-60 °C) on the H bonds was studied by steady-state fluorescence. The size distribution and zeta potential of SNPs were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed the spherical nature of particles with average diameter 40-80 nm. The structure, stability, dynamics, and conformational changes in adsorbed BSA protein on the PEG-coated SNPs surface have been also investigated by steady-state/lifetime fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The results have relevance in the oxidative stress and drug delivery processes.

Efectividad del Caldo Lactosado con Azul de Bromotimol en el control bacteriológico de las desinfecciones profilácticas en instalaciones bovinas

OpenAIRE

Cepero Rodríguez, Omelio:; Silveira Prado, Enrique A.:; Suárez Fernández, Yolanda E.:; González García, Oraida:

2008-01-01

Con la finalidad de evaluar la efectividad del medio de cultivo CaldoLactosado con Azul de Bromotimol (CLAB) en el control bacteriológico de las desinfecciones profilácticas se realizó un estudio en unidades bovinas cuyos resultados se compararon en paralelo con los obtenidos con el medio de Heifetz Modificado (HM), establecido en Cuba para esta actividad. Previa limpieza mecánica se aplicaron las soluciones desinfectantes mediante una unidad móvil y después de tres horas de exposición se rea...

Disposição dos consumidores porto-alegrenses à compra de carne bovina com certificação Willingness of consumers from Porto Alegre county, Rio Grande do Sul state, for purchasing beef meat with certification

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João Pedro Velho

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Analisou-se o perfil de consumidores de carne bovina e determinou-se o consumo de carne com certificação visando obter dados sobre a importância e o valor da certificação da carne na hora da compra. Avaliou-se ainda o conhecimento do consumidor de carne bovina quanto à certificação da carne e quanto esse consumidor paga por este processo. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma rede de supermercados, mediante a aplicação de questionários dirigidos às pessoas próximas aos balcões com carne, independentemente da espécie animal. Os consumidores exigem alimentos com qualidade e certificados confiáveis que demonstrem e garantam a qualidade dos alimentos, porém, estão dispostos a pagar somente um pouco a mais pela certificação, em comparação ao valor atual de mercado, provavelmente pelo fato de sua renda mensal não permitir maior valorização desse atributo.The profile of beef meat consumers was analyzed, as well as the consumption of certificated meat, with the objective of obtaining data on the importance the of certification value at the purchasing occasion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the beef meat consumers awareness regarding the meat certification and how much they are willing to pay for this process. The data survey was carried out in only one supermarket chain from the city of Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil, which authorized the research interviewing people through questionnaires, close to refrigerator counters of any meat species. It was observed that consumers are demanding for food with quality attributes, with trustful certifications that testify these quality attributes. However, the data obtained from interviews with consumers showed that they are willing to pay only little more for certification than the current price, probably due to the fact that their average monthly income ranges from one to six minimum wages.

Polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of bovine genital campylobacteriosis Reação em cadeia da polimerase para o diagnóstico de campilobacteriose genital bovina

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Ana C.M. Groff

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Bovine genital campylobacteriosis is a common venereal disease of cattle; the prevalence of this disease can be underestimated mostly because of the nature of the etiological agent, the microaerobic Campylobacter fetus subspecies venerealis. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the utilization of polymerase chain reaction (PCR in the diagnosis of genital campylobacteriosis in samples obtained from bull prepuce aspirate, cow cervical mucus, and abomasum contents of aborted fetuses, collected into enrichment medium. Five different DNA extraction protocols were tested: thermal extraction, lysis with proteinase K, lysis with guanidine isothiocyanate, lysis with DNAzol, and lysis with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB. The specificity, sensitivity, and technical application of the PCR assay were also evaluated with clinical samples and compared to bacterial isolation by standard culture. DNA extraction by the CTAB protocol provided better results in PCR, and it was able to detect 63 colony-forming units per ml of C. fetus. Out of 277 clinical samples tested, 68 (24% were positive for Campylobacter fetus using PCR, while only 8 (2.8% of the samples were positive by bacterial isolation in solid medium, proving the superiority of the PCR technique when compared to the standard isolation method, and providing evidence for its usefulness as a better screening test in cattle for the diagnosis of bovine genital campylobacteriosis.Campilobacteriose genital bovina é uma doença venérea comum em bovinos. A prevalência desta doença pode ser subestimada na maioria das vezes pela natureza microaeróbica do agente etiológico, Campylobacter fetus subspecies venerealis. O propósito do presente estudo foi avaliar a utilização da reação de polimerase em cadeia (PCR no diagnóstico de campilobacteriose genital em amostras obtidas de aspirado prepucial de touros, muco cervical de vacas e conteúdo abomasal de fetos abortados, coletados em

Folato, B6 e B12 na adolescência: níveis séricos, prevalência de inadequação de ingestão e alimentos contribuintes

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Josiane Steluti

2011-02-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Investigar os níveis séricos e a prevalência de inadequação da ingestão dietética de folato e das vitaminas B6 e B12, identificando os alimentos contribuintes para a ingestão desses nutrientes. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, transversal, em adolescentes de 16 a 19 anos, de ambos os sexos, conduzido em Indaiatuba (SP. Coletou-se o registro alimentar de 3 dias não consecutivos. A dieta habitual foi estimada pela remoção da variabilidade intrapessoal, e a prevalência de inadequação da ingestão, pelo método da estimated average requirement como ponto de corte. As análises bioquímicas de folato, B6 e B12 foram conduzidas de acordo com os métodos aceitos na literatura. RESULTADOS: O estudo foi conduzido com 99 adolescentes, a maioria do sexo feminino (58,6%, com média de idade de 17,6 (desvio padrão, DP 0,9 anos. As médias da concentração sérica de folato, B6 e B12 foram de 9,2 (DP 3,4 ng/mL, 18,7 (DP 5,1 nmol/L e 397,5 (DP 188,4 pg/mL, respectivamente; e a prevalência de inadequação da ingestão das vitaminas foi de 15,2, 10,2 e < 1%, respectivamente. Os alimentos que mais contribuíram para a ingestão dos nutrientes foram, para folato: pão francês, macarrão e feijões; para B6: arroz branco, carne de frango e carne bovina; e para B12: carne bovina magra, leite integral e carne bovina gorda. CONCLUSÕES: As prevalências de inadequação de folato, B6 e B12 mostraram-se baixas, possivelmente em decorrência da melhoria do acesso e da disponibilidade de alimentos, fontes dietéticas das vitaminas. Os feijões, presentes na dieta tradicional brasileira, ainda estão entre os principais alimentos que contribuíram para a ingestão de folato, mesmo após a fortificação mandatória com ácido fólico no Brasil.

Binding affinities of Schiff base Fe(II) complex with BSA and calf-thymus DNA: Spectroscopic investigations and molecular docking analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Rudra, Suparna; Dasmandal, Somnath; Patra, Chiranjit; Kundu, Arjama; Mahapatra, Ambikesh

2016-09-01

The binding interaction of a synthesized Schiff base Fe(II) complex with biological macromolecules viz., bovine serum albumin (BSA) and calf thymus(ct)-DNA have been investigated using different spectroscopic techniques coupled with viscosity measurements at physiological pH and 298 K. Regular amendments in emission intensities of BSA upon the action of the complex indicate significant interaction between them, and the binding interaction have been characterized by Stern Volmer plots and thermodynamic binding parameters. On the basis of this quenching technique one binding site with binding constant (Kb = (7.6 ± 0.21) × 105) between complex and protein have been obtained at 298 K. Time-resolved fluorescence studies have also been encountered to understand the mechanism of quenching induced by the complex. Binding affinities of the complex to the fluorophores of BSA namely tryptophan (Trp) and tyrosine (Tyr) have been judged by synchronous fluorescence studies. Secondary structural changes of BSA rooted by the complex has been revealed by CD spectra. On the other hand, hypochromicity of absorption spectra of the complex with the addition of ct-DNA and the gradual reduction in emission intensities of ethidium bromide bound ct-DNA in presence of the complex indicate noticeable interaction between ct-DNA and the complex with the binding constant (4.2 ± 0.11) × 106 M- 1. Life-time measurements have been studied to determine the relative amplitude of binding of the complex to ct-DNA base pairs. Mode of binding interaction of the complex with ct-DNA has been deciphered by viscosity measurements. CD spectra have also been used to understand the changes in ct-DNA structure upon binding with the metal complex. Density functional theory (DFT) and molecular docking analysis have been employed in highlighting the interactive phenomenon and binding location of the complex with the macromolecules.

Caracterização fenogenotípica da resistência antimicrobiana em Staphylococcus spp. isolados de mastite bovina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elaine C.L. Mendonça

2012-09-01

Full Text Available A utilização de antibióticos no controle das infecções intramamárias e na eliminação de prováveis fontes de infecção nas fazendas leiteiras se constitui em importante medida de controle. No entanto, o uso inadequado de antibióticos no tratamento da doença pode selecionar cepas resistentes e comprometer a eficiência do tratamento. Bactérias do gênero Staphylococcus spp. estão entre os principais agentes etiológicos da mastite bovina e são freqüentemente resistentes aos antimicrobianos, em especial aos beta-lactâmicos, principalmente por dois mecanismos distintos: a produção da enzima extracelular beta-lactamase, codificada pelo gene blaZ, e a produção de PBP2a ou PBP2´, uma proteína ligante de penicilina de baixa afinidade, codificada pelo gene mecA. A expressão do gene mecA é constitutiva ou induzida por antibióticos betalactâmicos, como a oxacilina e cefoxitina. O gene mecA está inserido no cromossomo através de um elemento genético móvel, denominado cassete estafilocócico cromossômico mec (SCCmec. O presente estudo avaliou o perfil fenogenotípico de resistência aos beta-lactâmicos em 250 isolados de Staphylococcus spp., utilizando os marcadores oxacilina e cefoxitina, de modo a produzir dados que possam contribuir para o conhecimento da resistência antimicrobiana em algumas propriedades leiteiras das regiões Sul-Fluminense e Metropolitana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro com o objetivo de subsidiar a implementação de medidas de controle dessa enfermidade. A avaliação da resistência foi feita a partir de 8 diferentes testes fenotípicos, sendo obtidos 54 perfis. Os testes de difusão em disco simples e ágar screen com oxacilina foram utilizados como "padrão ouro" para os cálculos dos valores de sensibilidade, especificidade e predição por serem preconizados pelo CLSI veterinário. O teste de difusão em disco simples com cefoxitina foi o de melhor desempenho na predição da resistência a

Qualidade físico-química da carne bovina in natura aprovada na recepção de restaurante industrial / Physical and chemical quality of vacuum packed beef approved at reception in industrial restaurant

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Marizete Oliveira de Mesquita

2014-08-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os parâmetros físico-químicos da carne bovina in na-tura, embalada a vácuo, por meio de métodos analíticos de rápida execução. O estudo ocorreu em restaurante universitário de uma Instituição Federal de Ensino Superior, du-rante maio e junho de 2012. Foram realizadas análises físico-químicas logo após a recep-ção das amostras. Os cortes utilizados foram os músculos: Coxão duro (Bíceps femoris; Contrafilé (Longissimus dorsi; Coxão mole (Semimembranosus; Patinho (Quadriceps femoris; Lagarto (Semitendinosus, fornecidos por frigoríficos. Na análise dos dados utilizou-se estatística descritiva (frequência e média e o teste Exato de Fisher para comparação entre variáveis categóricas. O perfil bioquímico indicou 40,0% das amostras consideradas em bom estado de conservação de acordo com o teste de resazurina, 53,3% apresentaram resultado negativo para prova de cocção, 16,7% foram consideradas como carne fresca pela prova de filtração, 90% apresentaram resultado negativo na prova de Nessler e 13,3% com pH 5,8-6,2. Conclui-se que o perfil físico-químico das carnes rece-bidas neste serviço de alimentação não apresenta plena conformidade com as normas do Ministério da Agricultura para carne in natura (não embalada. Considerando que a estabilidade das moléculas em produtos embalados a vácuo é alterada, sugere-se o desenvolvimento de normas específicas. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical parameters of fresh beef, packaged under vacuum, through fast analytical methods. The study took place at a university restaurant of a Federal Institution of Higher Education, during May and June of 2012. Physical and chemical analyses were made upon receipt. The mus-cles cuts used were: Biceps femoris; Longissimus dorsi; Semimembranosus; Quadriceps femoris; Semitendinosus

SEROEPIDEMIOLOGÍA DE LA RINOTRAQUEITIS INFECCIOSA BOVINA EN EL MUNICIPIO DE MONTERÍA, COLOMBIA

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César Betancur H

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Estudiar la sero prevalencia de IBR en ganado bovino con antecedentes de infertilidad.Materiales y métodos. Se recolectaron 150 muestras de sangre de hembras con antecedentes deinfertilidad y sin historia de vacunación contra IBR, pertenecientes a 32 fincas distribuidas en elmunicipio de Montería. Adicionalmente, se obtuvieron muestras al azar de 20 toros pertenecientesa las mismas fincas. Se analizaron anticuerpos contra IBR mediante la prueba de ELISA. Resultados.Los resultados mostraron una seroprevalencia de 74.7% para rinotraqueitis infecciosa bovina. Seencontraron diferencias significativas en cuanto a prevalencía para las variables sexo y edad de losanimales (p0.05. Conclusión. La alta prevalencia de lainfección por IBR en vacas podrían correlacionarse con la infección en toros, lo cual tiene unsignificado relevante, ya que la infección es de transmisión venérea. Estos resultados deben alertara las autoridades sanitarias para que implementen estrategias de prevención y control.

A mononuclear zinc(II) complex with piroxicam: Crystal structure, DNA- and BSA-binding studies; in vitro cell cytotoxicity and molecular modeling of oxicam complexes

Science.gov (United States)

Jannesari, Zahra; Hadadzadeh, Hassan; Amirghofran, Zahra; Simpson, Jim; Khayamian, Taghi; Maleki, Batool

2015-02-01

A new mononuclear Zn(II) complex, trans-[Zn(Pir)2(DMSO)2], where Pir- is 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-2-pyridyl-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide-1,1-dioxide (piroxicam), has been synthesized and characterized. The crystal structure of the complex was obtained by the single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The interaction of the complex with DNA and BSA was investigated. The complex interacts with FS-DNA by two binding modes, viz., electrostatic and groove binding (major and minor). The microenvironment and the secondary structure of BSA are changed in the presence of the complex. The anticancer effects of the seven complexes of oxicam family were also determined on the human K562 cell lines and the results showed reasonable cytotoxicities. The interactions of the oxicam complexes with BSA and DNA were modeled by molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation methods.

QUALIDADE BACTERIOLÓGICA DE MEIAS-CARCAÇAS BOVINAS ORIUNDAS DE MATADOUROS-FRIGORÍFICOS DO ESTADO DE GOIÁS HABILITADOS PARA EXPORTAÇÃO

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Janaína Holanda Lopes

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Com o incremento das exportações, estimulado pela globalização da economia, o Brasil vem conseguindo aumentar expressivamente a comercialização de produtos cárneos para o exterior. Os órgãos de fiscalização e regulamentação têm a necessidade de estabelecer padrões bacteriológicos para esses produtos, visando garantir que eles cheguem à prateleira sem risco à saúde de consumidor ou mesmo com aspecto repugnante. Muitos são os padrões bacteriológicos adotados pelos países importadores com o intuito de verificar a qualidade da carne bovina importada.Dentre esses padrões, em boa parte desses países, estão incluídas análises bacteriológicas, tais como contagens e determinações do número mais provável (NMP dos microrganismos indicadores, além de contagens e pesquisa de patógenos. O presente estudo buscou avaliar a qualidade bacteriológica das meias-carcaças oriundas de matadouros-frigoríficos do Estado de Goiás, habilitados à exportação, e oferecer informações para que os órgãos federais de regulamentação e fiscalização possam especificar padrões para essas carnes. Foram avaliadas 160 meias-carcaças bovinas, quentes e refrigeradas, no período de junho a setembro de 2004. Realizaram-se as seguintes análises: determinação do NMP de coliformes totais, coliformes fecais e Escherichia coli; contagem padrão de microrganismos aeróbios mesófilos, estritos ou facultativos viáveis, contagem de microrganismos psicrófilos, contagem de Staphylococcus coagulase-positivo e contagem de Clostridia sulfito-redutor. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que a qualidade bacteriológica das meias-carcaças é aceitável, mostraram os microrganismos eleitos importantes para a avaliação do “status bacteriológico” e também que não houve diferença estatística significativa entre os resultados das análises bacteriológicas das meias-carcaças quentes e refrigeradas. Contudo, há necessidade de vigil

Spectroscopic analyses on interaction of Amantadine-Salicylaldehyde, Amantadine-5-Chloro-Salicylaldehyde and Amantadine-o-Vanillin Schiff-Bases with bovine serum albumin (BSA)

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Zhiqiu; Gao, Jingqun; Wang, Jun; Jin, Xudong; Zou, Mingming; Li, Kai; Kang, Pingli

2011-12-01

In this work, three Tricyclo [3.3.1.1(3,7)] decane-1-amine (Amantadine) Schiff-Bases, Amantadine-Salicylaldehyde (AS), Amantadine-5-Chloro-Salicylaldehyde (AS-5-C) and Amantadine-o-Vanillin (AS-o-V), were synthesized by direct heating reflux method in ethanol solution and characterized by infrared spectrum and elementary analysis. Fluorescence quenching was used to study the interaction of these Amantadine Schiff-Bases (AS, AS-5-C and AS-o-V) with bovine serum albumin (BSA). According to fluorescence quenching calculations the bimolecular quenching constant ( Kq), apparent quenching constant ( KSV), effective binding constant ( KA) and corresponding dissociation constant ( KD), binding site number ( n) and binding distance ( r) were obtained. The results show that these Amantadine Schiff-Bases can obviously bind to BSA molecules and the binding strength order is AS < AS-5-C = AS-o-V. Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy reveals that these Amantadine Schiff-Bases adopt different way to bind with BSA molecules. That is, the AS and AS-5-C are accessibility to tryptophan (Trp) residues more than the tyrosine (Tyr) residues, while the AS-o-V is equally close to the Tyr and Trp residues.

Diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico de paratuberculosis bovina en un hato lechero en Colombia

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Nicolás Ramírez V.

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Analizar retrospectiva y sistemáticamente los hallazgos clínicos e histopatológicos de paratuberculosis bovina Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis (MAP. Los datos fueron obtenidos en diferentes momentos durante un periodo de 8 años (2000-2008 en unhato lechero en Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se analizó la información documental en 5 casos compatibles con paratuberculisis bovina, así como la información procedente de otros estudios efectuados en el hato sobre la enfermedad realizados paralelamente enel periodo 2000-2008. Resultados. Los 5 animales afectados, presentaron diarrea crónica intermitente, disminución en la producción de leche, enflaquecimiento progresivo, apetito normal, consumo aumentado de agua y constantes fisiológicas normales. A la necropsia se observó engrosamiento de la mucosa intestinal del íleon y de la porción proximal del intestino grueso con múltiples levantamientos y depresiones, que no desaparecían al estirarel tejido. Los vasos sanguíneos mesentéricos se encontraron dilatados y congestivos. Los ganglios linfáticos mesentéricos se encontraron aumentados hasta tres veces, sin clara delimitación de la corteza y de la médula. Las alteraciones histológicas fueron enteritis ylinfadenitis granulomatosa. En tres de los animales se evidenciaron abundantes bacilos ácido alcohol resistentes (BAAR intracelulares en macrófagos, células gigantes y en el intersticio a la coloración de Ziehl-Neelsen. En otros tejidos evaluados no se encontró inflamación de tipo granulomatoso. Conclusiones. Los criterios diagnósticos empleados, así como el análisis de la información diagnóstica generada en otros estudios, permiten confirmar la presencia, circulación y mantenimiento del Mycobacterium avium subsp.paratuberculosis en el hato con un aparente número elevado de animales infectados.

Comparación de ácido láctico, ácido peroxiacético e hipoclorito de sodio en la desinfección de canales bovinas en un frigorífico de Bogotá, Colombia

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Verónica Valencia Montero

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Los sistemas de desinfección desempeñan un papel importante en la disminución de peligros microbiológicos en canales bovinas. La desinfección allí es utilizada en las plantas de beneficio con el objeto de disminuir el número de microorganismos patógenos presentes en la superficie del producto. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficacia de tres desinfectantes: ácido láctico (0,9 ± 2 %, ácido peroxiacético (100 ± 20 ppm e hipoclorito de sodio (100 ± 20 ppm en la reducción de Escherichia coli y Salmonella spp. en la superficie de canales bovinas, dentro de las instalaciones de un frigorífico de la sabana de Bogotá. Se seleccionaron 78 canales bovinas visualmente contaminadas durante el proceso de faenado, ya fuera con materia fecal o con ingesta; se muestrearon antes e inmediatamente después de aplicado el desinfectante mediante aspersión con máquina dosificadora. En la reducción de E. coli no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los tres tratamientos (p > 0,05. El ácido láctico, el ácido peroxiacético y el hipoclorito de sodio obtuvieron un promedio de reducción de E. coli de 1,05, 1,38 y 1,01 log10 UFC/cm2, respectivamente. De las muestras tomadas ninguna obtuvo resultados positivos para Salmonella spp. Teniendo en cuenta los resultados de eficacia, el bajo costo a concentraciones de 0,9 ± 2 % y las ventajas de manipulación, se recomienda la implementación de ácido láctico como desinfectante de canales dentro de las instalaciones de frigoríficos de bovinos, y este tipo de prácticas se puede repetir en plantas de aves y porcinos.

DESCRIÇÃO DE DUAS TÉCNICAS CIRÚRGICAS PARA CASTRAÇÃO DE FÊMEAS BOVINAS E AVALIAÇÃO DO PÓS-OPERATÓRIO

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Rogério Elias Rabelo

2006-10-01

Full Text Available Descrição de duas técnicas cirúrgicas de castração de fêmeas bovinas, com análise das complicações pós-operatórias, em que se utilizaram 1.232 animais de diferentes raças e idades, procedentes de várias propriedades rurais do estado de Goiás. Os bovinos foram alocados em três grupos, assim constituídos: grupo I – 436 bezerras, com idade entre oito e 12 meses, castradas via flanco; grupo II –397 novilhas e vacas, que foram esterilizadas pelo mesmo método do grupo I; grupo III – 399 vacas ovariectomizadas por via vaginal, utilizando-se o emasculador de Chassaignac.Em avaliação das técnicas cirúrgicas, concluiu-se que a castração pelo flanco foi o método de mais fácil execução e que demandou o menor tempo de transoperatório. A análise pelo teste c2 indicou que a cirurgia via vaginal implicou menos complicações pós-operatórias que a via flanco, porém levou a um maior número de óbitos. A castração via flanco é,– portanto, a técnica mais apropriada para a esterilização de fêmeas bovinas PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ovariectomia, bovinos, pós-operatório.

Preparation, characterization and in vitro cytotoxicity of BSA-based nanospheres containing nanosized magnetic particles and/or photosensitizer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rodrigues, Marcilene M.A.; Simioni, Andreza R.; Primo, Fernando L.; Siqueira-Moura, Marigilson P.; Morais, Paulo C.; Tedesco, Antonio C.

2009-01-01

This study reports on the preparation, characterization and in vitro toxicity test of a new nano-drug delivery system (NDDS) based on bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanospheres which incorporates surface-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) and/or the silicon(IV) phthalocyanine (NzPc). The new NDDS was engineered for use in photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with hyperthermia (HPT) to address cancer treatment. The BSA-based nanospheres, hosting NzPc, MNP or both (NzPc and MNP), present spherical shape with hydrodynamic average diameter values ranging from 170 to 450 nm and zeta potential of around -23 mV. No difference on the fluorescence spectrum of the encapsulated NzPc was found regardless of the presence of MNP. Time-dependent fluorescence measurements of the encapsulated NzPc revealed a bi-exponential decay for samples incorporating only NzPc and NzPc plus MNP, in the time window ranging from 1.70 to 5.20 ns. The in vitro assay, using human fibroblasts, revealed no cytotoxic effect in all samples investigated, demonstrating the potential of the tested system as a synergistic NDDS.

Determinantes dos arranjos contratuais: o caso da transação produtor-processador de carne bovina no Uruguai

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Mario Mondelli

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Quais os determinantes da escolha do arranjo contratual nas transações entre produtores e processadores de carne bovina? A pergunta problema se insere no estudo dos mecanismos associados à coordenação da produção para dar respostas às preocupações dos consumidores. Observa-se a coexistência de arranjos contratuais nos sistemas produtivos de carne bovina, entre os quais a transação direta entre o pecuarista e o frigorífico, ou via intermediário especializado. A Economia dos Custos de Transação (ECT pode ser utilizada para explicar a escolha dos arranjos contratuais observados, como resposta aos desafios de ganhos de eficiência "economizando" nos custos das transações. O presente estudo focaliza o sistema agroindustrial de carne bovina uruguaio, sendo estruturado em três partes. Primeiro a análise do histórico das relações entre produtores e processadores, e mudanças do ambiente institucional. A seguir, a partir das dimensões da transação (freqüência, especificidade de ativo e incerteza geram-se hipóteses a respeito dos determinantes da escolha dos arranjos contratuais. Finalmente as hipóteses são testadas a partir de um modelo logit. Utiliza-se um painel de dados com a totalidade de transações realizadas entre produtores e processadores fornecidos pelo Ministério de Agricultura do Uruguai (77.000 transações. Os resultados validam estatisticamente as hipóteses levantadas a respeito dos determinantes da escolha do arranjo contratual entre produtores e processadores. Uma transação tem maior probabilidade de se alinhar com o arranjo contratual direto (mais coordenado quanto maior o grau de ativos específicos envolvidos no produto, quanto menor a distância entre o produtor e o processador e quanto maior a freqüência de transações entre as partes envolvidas, corroborando a teoria de ECT.What are the determinants of the commercial channel choice in the beef producers-processors transactions? The question

Factores determinantes de la oferta regional de carne bovina en México, 1994-2013

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Sergio Puebla Albiter

2018-04-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las variables que determinan la oferta regional de carne bovina en México, en el periodo 1994-2013, en las regiones centro-occidente, oriente, norte, noroeste y sur. Para hacerlo se utilizaron cinco modelos lineales multivariables, y los resultados indican que en cada región la oferta fue inelástica al precio de la carne; inversa e inelástica al precio del maíz y al del sorgo; directa e inelástica a la tasa de extracción; positiva e inelástica en cuanto a la precipitación pluvial y los subsidios. Tales resultados predicen que los aumentos en los precios de la carne reflejan un incremento en la producción; pero que ésta se restringe si aumenta el costo de los insumos. La conclusión es que los subsidios gubernamentales y la precipitación pluvial incidieron en que la inelasticidad fuera menor, y que su papel es importante para contrarrestar el efecto del precio de los insumos sobre la producción de esta carne.

Pool of bovine morphogenetic proteins and guided tissue regeneration in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects: I- Clinical measurements ''Pool'' de proteínas morfogenéticas bovinas no tratamento de defeitos periodontais intra-ósseos: I- Medidas clínicas

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Maria do Carmo Machado Guimarães

2004-03-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the pool of bovine BMPs on the treatment of intrabony defects. The sample comprised 15 patients aged 26 to 57 years old presenting with 10 pairs of lesions of 2 or 3 walls or 2-3 walls ³5mm, located in the same type teeth (premolar or molar and same jaw. The test defects were treated with combination of a pool of bovine bone morphogenetic and resorbable hydroxyapatite carrier (BMPs- HA, bovine demineralized bone matrix (MB and coverage by a bovine collagen barrier membrane. The control defects were treated with MB-HA and covered by a bovine collagen membrane. The clinical measurements at six months after therapy in the test group revealed a reduction in the mean probing pocket depth (PPD of 1.63 ± 1.41mm (B and 1.93 ± 0.96mm (L and a mean change in the clinical attachment level (CAL of 1.60 ± 1.16mm (B and 1.46 ± 0.97mm (L. The control group showed a mean reduction of PPD of 1.93 ± 1.34mm (B and 2.0 ± 1.51mm (L and a mean change of CAL of 1.03 ± 1.24mm (B and 1.30 ± 1.14 mm (L. The analysis of variance (ANOVA demonstrated that the changes in the clinical parameters were statistically significant (pEste estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a aplicação do ''pool'' de BMPs bovinas no tratamento de defeitos intra-ósseos. A amostra constou de quinze indivíduos com idade entre 26 e 57 anos, apresentando um par de defeitos intra-ósseos comparáveis, localizados no mesmo arco em dentes do mesmo tipo (pré-molares ou molares e com perda de inserção (PI ³5mm. Em cada indivíduo, o defeito teste foi tratado com a associação ''pool'' de BMPs- carreador Hidroxiapatita reabsorvível (BMPs-HA, matriz orgânica bovina desmineralizada liofilizada (MO e barreira de colágeno bovino, enquanto os defeitos controle foram tratados com MO-HA e barreira de colágeno. Na avaliação clínica aos seis meses após a medida inicial, o grupo teste apresentou variação de profundidade de sondagem (PS de

Evaluation by fluorescence, STD-NMR, docking and semi-empirical calculations of the o-NBA photo-acid interaction with BSA

Science.gov (United States)

Chaves, Otávio A.; Jesus, Catarina S. H.; Cruz, Pedro F.; Sant'Anna, Carlos M. R.; Brito, Rui M. M.; Serpa, Carlos

2016-12-01

Serum albumins present reversible pH dependent conformational transitions. A sudden laser induced pH-jump is a methodology that can provide new insights on localized protein (un)folding processes that occur within the nanosecond to microsecond time scale. To generate the fast pH jump needed to fast-trigger a protein conformational event, a photo-triggered acid generator as o-nitrobenzaldehyde (o-NBA) can be conveniently used. In order to detect potential specific or nonspecific interactions between o-NBA and BSA, we have performed ligand-binding studies using fluorescence spectroscopy, saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR, molecular docking and semi-empirical calculations. Fluorescence quenching indicates the formation of a non-fluorescent complex in the ground-state between the fluorophore and the quencher, but o-NBA does not bind much effectively to the protein (Ka 4.34 × 103 M- 1) and thus can be considered a relatively weak binder. The corresponding thermodynamic parameters: ΔG°, ΔS° and ΔH° showed that the binding process is spontaneous and entropy driven. Results of 1H STD-NMR confirm that the photo-acid and BSA interact, and the relative intensities of the signals in the STD spectra show that all o-NBA protons are equally involved in the binding process, which should correspond to a nonspecific interaction. Molecular docking and semi-empirical calculations suggest that the o-NBA binds preferentially to the Trp-212-containing site of BSA (FA7), interacting via hydrogen bonds with Arg-217 and Tyr-149 residues.

Qualidade da carcaça bovina comercializada no município de Assunção, Paraíba

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Josineide de Oliveira

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se estudar a qualidade da carcaça bovina comercializada no município de Assunção na região do Cariri paraibano, onde se verificou os fatores que influenciam a qualidade da carne, desde as condições antes, durante e depois do abate, bem como a comercialização, e a higiene-sanitária, através dos procedimentos metodológicos: entrevistas com os comerciantes, visitas aos abatedouros e pontos comerciais, além de análise microbiológica das carnes, fazendo a comparação da carne comercializada na feira livre e no açougue. Os resultados obtidos apontaram que vários motivos levam os consumidores a adquirir a carne nesses pontos comerciais, como forma de pagamento, preço, conhecimento da origem e abate do animal, qualidade, falta de opção, entre outros, havendo destaque para o preço na feira livre (29% e a forma de pagamento no açougue (27%. Na entrevista com os consumidores, a carne foi classificada como boa, regular e ruim; sendo que 60% dos consumidores (açougue e 42% (feira livre consideraram a qualidade da carne como boa; 40% (açougue e 42% (feira livre, a consideraram regular, e 17% (feira livre classificou a mesma como ruim. A análise microbiológica efetuada comprovou que todas as amostras coletadas encontraram altos índices de contaminação, estando muito acima do limite permitido pela legislação vigente no país para os parâmetros pesquisados, especialmente na feira livre, onde foram evidenciados os maiores índices de contaminação, principalmente pela presença de Salmonella spp. Comprovando que se faz necessário um maior controle de qualidade da carne comercializada em ambos os estabelecimentos.Quality of bovine carcass marketed in the municipality of Assunção, ParaíbaAbstract: This work aimed to study the bovine carcass quality marketed in the city of Assunção in the region of Cariri Paraíba, where it was found the factors that influence the quality of meat from the conditions before, during

Sistemas de equações de demanda por carnes no Brasil: especificação e estimação

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Moisés de Andrade Resende Filho

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Especificações alternativas do sistema de demanda quase ideal (AIDS foram utilizadas para estimar as demandas agregadas das carnes bovina, suína e de frango e outros bens de consumo e as suas elasticidades no Brasil. Detectada a necessidade de se utilizar a variável tendência nas equações dos modelos, observou-se uma tendência de crescimento da demanda por carnes e de decrescimento da demanda por outros bens de consumo. A variável dummy para o Plano Real indicou que o mesmo não afetou as demandas. Com base nas elasticidades próprios-preços Marshallianas, as demandas por carnes são inelásticas e a demanda por outros bens de consumo é elástica. As elasticidades preços-cruzados Marshallianas e Hicksianas confirmaram que as carnes bovina, suína e de frango são bens substitutos. As elasticidades-gasto indicaram que todos os bens são normais, exceto a carne suína que é um bem inferior. Como é provável que o gasto com o consumo das famílias aumente ao longo do tempo, ceteris paribus, as elasticidades gasto indicam que a demanda por carnes perderá importância para os outros bens de consumo, que o consumo de carne bovina perderá importância para a carne de frango e que o consumo de carne de porco perderá importância para as outras carnes.

Deinhibition of cardiac Na/sup +/-K/sup +/-ATPase after exposure to exogenous phospholipase A/sub 2/

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Colvin, R.A.

1987-01-01

After 2 h of exogenous phospholipase A/sub 2/ (PLA/sub 2/) exposure, membrane phospholipid decreased from 3.22 +/- 0.31 to 1.06 +/- 0.13 ..mu..mol/mg (33% of control). All classes of phospholipid, except sphingomyelin, were hydrolyzed, whereas total cholesterol content was unaffected. Increases in nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) were reflected primarily in oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2), and arachidonic (20:4). Na/sup +/-K/sup +/-adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) activity was inhibited to 29% of control by 2 h of PLA/sub 2/ treatment, and this inhibition was reversed (albeit, not completely after 5 min of PLA/sub 2/ treatment) by removal of the hydrolysis products with 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA). In contrast, the apparent binding capacity for (/sup 3/H)ouabain was not affected by PLA/sub 2/ treatment. Unmasking of latent (/sup 3/H)ouabain binding by alamethicin was utilized to estimate changes in the proportion of sealed vesicles present before and after PLA/sub 2/ treatment. PLA/sub 2/ treatment resulted in a time-dependent loss of sealed vesicles that paralleled the time course of phospholipid hydrolysis and was not reversed by washing with BSA. These studies demonstrate that cardiac Na/sup +/-K/sup +/-ATPase activity is inhibited by accumulation of endogenously produced lysophospholipids and NEFA. In contrast, loss of vesicle integrity may result from both accumulation of endogenously produced hydrolysis products and membrane phospholipid depletion.

Utilização da enrofloxacina (Baytril® no tratamento da mastite bovina estafilocócica Utilization of enrofloxacina (Baytril® on staphylococcal bovine mastitis

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Helio Langoni

2000-03-01

Full Text Available A ação da enrofloxacina pela administração via intramamária e sistêmica na mastite bovina subclínica por Staphylococcus aureus foi avaliada. Como tratamento local, infundiram-se, após as ordenhas da manhã e da tarde, 250mg do produto, diluídos em água estéril, a um volume final de 10ml, durante três dias. O tratamento sistêmico constituiu na aplicação de 5mg/kg do produto, pela via intramuscular, uma vez ao dia, durante o mesmo período. A estimativa de cura deu-se através da realização do California Mastitis Test (CMT e do cultivo bacteriano em agar sangue e MacConkey, três semanas após o término do tratamento. Dos 184 quartos acometidos por Staphylococcus aureus, a droga mostrou-se eficiente em 72,0% e 75,0%, pelas vias intramamária e sistêmica, respectivamente. A análise dos resultados mostrou não haver diferença estatística significante, com pThe activity of Enrofloxacina on bovine subclinical mastitis after systemic and intramammary administration was evaluated. As local treatment, 250mg of the product diluted in sterile distilled water to a final volume of 10ml, was infused into the teat during three days. The systemic treatment was performed with 5mg/kg of product administred intramuscularly, once a day, during the same period. The recovery was estimated three weeks after the treatment had finished through California Mastitis Test (CMT and milk culture on blood agar and MacConkey agar. The drug was effective in 72.0% and 75.0% of 184 quarters with Staphylococcus aureus after intramammary and systemic treatments, respectively. Statystical analysis showed no significant differences (p<0.50 between both forms of treatment.

Modelagem matemática do controle de brucelose bovina por vacinação Mathematical modeling of bovine brucellosis control by vaccination

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M. Amaku

2009-11-01

Full Text Available As fêmeas bovinas, por sua importância na transmissão e na manutenção da brucelose, constituíram o alvo dos inquéritos do Programa Nacional de Controle e Erradicação da Brucelose e da Tuberculose Animal. Com base em informações obtidas em unidades federativas onde foram realizados inquéritos sorológicos e observadas prevalências de animais acima de 2%, elaborou-se um modelo para simular a dinâmica da brucelose em rebanhos bovinos formados exclusivamente por fêmeas, analisando o efeito de estratégias de vacinação. Para baixa cobertura vacinal, da ordem de 30%, o tempo para reduzir a prevalência a 2%, valor adotado como referência, pode ser longo, aproximando-se do dobro do tempo necessário para uma cobertura mais alta, de 90%. De acordo com o modelo, o tempo para reduzir a prevalência a 1% ou 2%, que permitam passar à fase de erradicação, pode chegar a uma década. Recomenda-se a intensificação do esforço para a vacinação de fêmeas, procurando atingir alta cobertura vacinal.Due to the important role played by female bovines in the transmission and maintenance of brucellosis, they were the target of the serological surveys of the Brazilian National Program for the Control and Eradication of Bovine Brucellosis and Tuberculosis. Based on the information obtained in Brazilian states, where the serological surveys were carried out and prevalences higher than 2% were observed, a model to simulate the dynamics of brucellosis in herds of female bovines was developed to analyze the effects of vaccination strategies. For low vaccination coverage (around 30%, the time to reduce the prevalence to 2%, adopted as a reference, may be long, approximately twice as long as the time observed for a higher coverage (90%. According to the model, the time to reduce the prevalence to levels of 1% or 2%, adequate to start the eradication phase, may reach a decade. It is recommended an intensification of the effort to vaccinate females

Efeito de diferentes meios de cultivo no desenvolvimento e proporção do sexo de embriões bovinos produzidos in vitro Effect of different culture media on development and sex ratio of bovine embryos fertilized in vitro

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S.G.T. Gilardi

2004-10-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se o efeito da suplementação de meios de cultivo sobre o desenvolvimento e proporção do sexo de embriões bovinos fertilizados in vitro. Complexos cumulus-oócitos obtidos de ovários de matadouro foram maturados e fertilizados in vitro. Os zigotos (n= 484 foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em meio CR2aa, contendo soro fetal bovino (SFB (T1, albumina sérica bovina (BSA (T2 ou BSA mais insulina:transferrina:selênio e vitaminas (BSA+ (T3, no cultivo embrionário in vitro, a uma atmosfera de 5% CO2 a 38,8ºC em ar. A taxa de clivagem foi observada 72-76 horas pós-fertilização (PF e a taxa de blastocistos com sete e oito dias PF. Os blastocistos (n= 63 foram sexados pela técnica de reação em cadeia de polimerase. A taxa de clivagem em T2 foi maior (P0,05 entre T2 e T3, porém menor (P0,05 entre os tratamentos. O T1 influenciou o desenvolvimento de blastocistos, mas não teve efeito sobre a proporção do sexo.The effect of culture media on the development and on the sex ratio of bovine embryos fertilized in vitro was studied. Cumulus oocyte-complexes from slaughterhouse ovaries were matured and fertilized in vitro. Zygotes (n= 484 were randomly allotted to different culture media and cultured with their cumulus cells in CR2aa medium and an atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air at 38.8ºC. The fetal calf serum (FCS, bovine seric albumin (BSA or BSA plus insulin:transferrin:selenium and vitamins (BSA+ supplementation effect on embryo culture was evaluated. Cleavage rate was assessed at 72-76h post-fertilization (PF and blastocyst rate on days 7 and 8 PF. The blastocysts (n= 63 were also sexed using polymerase chain reaction. Cleavage rate for BSA medium supplemented was higher (P0.05, but lower (P<0.01 than FCS. Culture medium FCS supplemented affected blastocyst development but not the sex ratio.

Synthesis, structure, DNA/BSA binding and antibacterial studies of NNO tridentate Schiff base metal complexes

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Sakthi, Marimuthu; Ramu, Andy

2017-12-01

A new salicylaldehyde derived 2,4-diiodo-6-((2-phenylaminoethylimino)methyl)phenol Schiff base(L) and its transition metal complexes of the type MLCl where, M = Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II) and Zn(II) have been synthesized. The coordination mode of Schiff base holding NNO donor atoms with metal ions was well investigated by elemental analysis, ESI-mass as well as IR, UV-vis, CV and NMR spectral studies. The binding efficiency and mode of these complexes with biological macromolecules viz., herring sperm DNA (HS- DNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) have been explored through various spectroscopic techniques. The characteristic changes in absorption, emission and, circular dichroism spectra of the complexes with DNA indicate the noticeable interaction between them. From the all spectral information complexes could interact with DNA via non-intercalation mode of binding. The hyperchromisim in absorption band and hypochromisim in emission intensity of BSA with different complex concentrations shown significant information, and the binding affinity value has been predicted from Stern-Volmer plots. Further, all the complexes could cleave the circular plasmid pUC19 DNA efficiently by using an activator H2O2. The ligand and all metal(II) complexes showed good antibacterial activities. The molecular docking studies of the complexes with DNA were performed in order to make a comparison and conclusion with spectral technic results.

Copper(II Complexes Based on Aminohydroxamic Acids: Synthesis, Structures, In Vitro Cytotoxicities and DNA/BSA Interactions

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Jia Zhang

2018-05-01

Full Text Available Four complexes, [Cu2(glyha(bpy2(H2O]·2ClO4·H2O (1, [Cu2(glyha(phen2]·2ClO4 (2, [Cu2(alaha(bpy2Cl]·Cl·4H2O (3, and [{Cu2(alaha(phen2}{Cu2(alaha(phen2(NO3}]·3NO3 (4 (glyha2− = dianion glycinehydroxamic acid, alaha2− = dianion alaninehydroxamic acid, bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline have been successfully synthesized and characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The interactions of these complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA were studied through UV spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and circular dichroism. The results revealed that complexes 1–4 could interact with CT-DNA through intercalation. Interactions of all complexes with bovine serum albumin (BSA were confirmed by the docking study to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA in a static quenching process. Furthermore, the in vitro cytotoxic effect of the complexes was also examined on four tumor cell lines, including human lung carcinoma cell line (A549, human colon carcinoma cell line (HCT-116, human promyelocytic leukemia cell (HL-60 and cervical cancer cell line (HeLa. All complexes exhibited different antitumor activities.

BSA-stabilized Pt nanozyme for peroxidase mimetics and its application on colorimetric detection of mercury(II) ions.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Wei; Chen, Bin; Zhang, Haixiang; Sun, Yanhua; Wang, Jun; Zhang, Jinli; Fu, Yan

2015-04-15

Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is chosen as the nucleation templates to synthesize Pt-based peroxidase nanomimetics with the average diameter of 2.0nm. The efficient Pt nanozymes consist of 57% Pt(0) and 43% Pt(2+), which possess highly peroxidase-like activity with the Km values of 0.119mM and 41.8mM toward 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), respectively. Interestingly, Hg(2+) is able to down-regulate the enzymatic activity of Pt nanoparticles, mainly through the interactions between Hg(2+) and Pt(0). It is the first report to explore a colorimetric Hg(2+) sensing system on the basis of peroxidase mimicking activities of Pt nanoparticles. One of our most intriguing results is that BSA-stabilized Pt nanozymes demonstrate the ability to sense Hg(2+) ions in aqueous solution without significant interference from other metal ions. The Hg(2+) detection limit of 7.2nM is achieved with a linear response range of 0-120nM, and the developed sensing system is potentially applicable for quantitative determination of Hg(2+) in drinking water. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Fluorescent copper(II complexes: The electron transfer mechanism, interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA and antibacterial activity

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Madhumita Hazra

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Dinuclear copper(II complexes with formula [Cu2(L2(N32] (1 and [Cu2(L2(NCS2] (2 HL = (1-[(3-methyl-pyridine-2-ylimino-methyl]-naphthalen-2-ol were synthesized by controlling the molar ratio of Cu(OAC2·6H2O, HL, sodium azide (1 and ammonium thiocyanate (2. The end on bridges appear exclusively in azide and thiocyanate to copper complexes. The electron transfer mechanism of copper(II complexes is examined by cyclic voltammetry indicating copper(II complexes are Cu(II/Cu(I couple. The interactions of copper(II complexes towards bovine serum albumin (BSA were examined with the help of absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic tools. We report a superficial solution-based route for the synthesis of micro crystals of copper complexes with BSA. The antibacterial activity of the Schiff base and its copper complexes were investigated by the agar disc diffusion method against some species of pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Streptococcus pneumonia and Bacillus cereus. It has been observed that the antibacterial activity of all complexes is higher than the ligand.

Multispectroscopic investigation of the interaction of BSA and DNA with the anticancer drug, N-(6-ferrocenyl-2-naphthoyl)-gamma-amino butyric acid methyl ester

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Rajina, S. R.; Sudhi, Geethu; Austin, P.; Praveen, S. G.; Xavier, T. S.; Kenny, Peter T. M.; Binoy, J.

2018-05-01

The interaction of a drug with DNA and BSA play a great role in studying anti cancer activity and drug transport properties, which can be effectively, investigated using vibrational spectroscopy, UV visible spectroscopy and Fluorescence spectroscopy. The present work reports the structural features of N-(6-ferrocenyl-2-naphthoyl)-gamma-amino butyric acid Methyl ester (FNGABME) based on FTIR and FTRaman spectroscopy. The absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic methods were used to study the efficiency of the interaction of the compound FNGABME with BSA and DNA and also molecular docking were performed computationally to validate the results which shows that the title compound may exhibit inhibitory activity against the cancer cells.

Modified E-test by the addition of EDTA-Tris and dimethyl sulfoxide on the potentiation of the effects of some antimicrobials in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from bovine mastitis E-test modificado pela adição de Tris-EDTA e dimetilsulfóxido na potencialização do efeito de antimicrobianos em linhagens de Pseudomonas aeruginosa isoladas de mastite bovina

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M.G. Ribeiro

2004-10-01

Full Text Available A concentração inibitória mínima-MIC em 30 estirpes de Pseudomonas aeruginosa isoladas de mastite bovina foi avaliada utilizando o E-test padrão e o método modificado, pela adição de Tris-EDTA e DMSO. Os métodos modificados apresentaram redução significativa da MIC das estirpes utilizando a gentamicina, a ciprofloxacina e a norfloxacina.

Internacionalização de empresas russas no Brasil: configurações de transação para o fornecimento de carne bovina

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Karim Marini Thomé

2010-08-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo é um estudo exploratório, em que as variáveis estudadas têm natureza qualitativa. O objetivo é caracterizar como firmas russas atuantes no comércio de carne bovina internacionalizaram seus negócios em direção ao mercado produtor brasileiro. Com a aplicação de 14 entrevistas,chegou-se à construção de quatro configurações de transações que são realizadas por organizações russas no mercado brasileiro. A primeira configuração discutida é a que apresenta o maior número de organizações envolvidas, tem a vantagem de permitir alta especialização das mesmas e de possibilitar as transações com empresas atacadistas e varejistas russas por meio da internacionalização de terceiros (trading companies em negócios internacionais. Na segunda configuração, observa-se uma maior responsabilidade por parte da empresa atacadista russa, o que se deve ao fato de que esta categoriade organização conseguiu internalizar operações inicialmente atribuídas à trading company. A terceira configuração observada é uma situação transitória em que a trading company com habilitação para varejo russo toma a frente e é o elo entre a organização de varejo russo e a empresa frigorífica exportadora brasileira. A quarta configuração de transação mostrou-se muito eficiente, vez que permite uma grande integração de atividades, eliminando assim intermediários.

Review of element-specific data for biosphere assessment BSA-2009

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Helin, J.; Ikonen, A. T. K.; Hjerpe, T.

2010-06-01

A literature review on distribution coefficients (Kd) to soil, sediment and suspended matter and on concentration ratios to forest, aquatic and crop plants and to edibles was performed and is documented in this report. The literature data were combined, in some cases involving also site-specific data, using the methods of Bayesian updating. Their application is also explained in the report. Based on the derived data, aggregated concentration ratios (production-weighted average concentration ratio to edibles specific to an ecosystem type) were calculated. Finally, the quality of the established data basis is evaluated. The work provides the 2009 biosphere assessment of spent nuclear fuel disposal the in Olkiluoto site, BSA-2009, with the abovementioned parameter values and distributions, but most importantly demonstrates the methodology adopted to combine various data sources and derive such assessment data. It is acknowledged that for many parameters and/or elements the data basis needs improvement by the forthcoming 2012 assessment. (orig.)

Adsorption properties of BSA and DsRed proteins deposited on thin SiO2 layers: optically non-absorbing versus absorbing proteins

Science.gov (United States)

Scarangella, A.; Soumbo, M.; Villeneuve-Faure, C.; Mlayah, A.; Bonafos, C.; Monje, M.-C.; Roques, C.; Makasheva, K.

2018-03-01

Protein adsorption on solid surfaces is of interest for many industrial and biomedical applications, where it represents the conditioning step for micro-organism adhesion and biofilm formation. To understand the driving forces of such an interaction we focus in this paper on the investigation of the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) (optically non-absorbing, model protein) and DsRed (optically absorbing, naturally fluorescent protein) on silica surfaces. Specifically, we propose synthesis of thin protein layers by means of dip coating of the dielectric surface in protein solutions with different concentrations (0.01-5.0 g l-1). We employed spectroscopic ellipsometry as the most suitable and non-destructive technique for evaluation of the protein layers’ thickness and optical properties (refractive index and extinction coefficient) after dehydration, using two different optical models, Cauchy for BSA and Lorentz for DsRed. We demonstrate that the thickness, the optical properties and the wettability of the thin protein layers can be finely controlled by proper tuning of the protein concentration in the solution. These results are correlated with the thin layer morphology, investigated by AFM, FTIR and PL analyses. It is shown that the proteins do not undergo denaturation after dehydration on the silica surface. The proteins arrange themselves in a lace-like network for BSA and in a rod-like structure for DsRed to form mono- and multi-layers, due to different mechanisms driving the organization stage.

Multiple spectroscopic studies on the interaction of BSA with pristine CNTs and their toxicity against Donax faba

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sekar, Gajalakshmi; Vijayakumar, S.; Thanigaivel, S.; Thomas, John; Mukherjee, Amitava; Chandrasekaran, Natarajan, E-mail: nchandra40@hotmail.com

2016-02-15

Enhanced biomedical applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have necessitated the need for the fundamental understanding behind their interaction with biomolecules. Carbon nanotube bundles were dispersed with tween 20 to attain individual nanotubes that are active in UV–vis region. Plasmon resonance of dispersions was obtained at 252 nm of 4.88 eV. FT-Raman bands of dispersions of SWCNTs and MWCNTs at 1346 and 1573 cm{sup −1} corresponds to the existence of Disordered and Graphitic band of CNTs after dispersion. XRD revealed crystalline feature of graphitic structures of CNTs. SEM-EDAX showed tubular structures of CNTs along with the existence of lower percentage contents of metal impurities. Hyperchromic effect of BSA–CNT complex suggested the existence of ground state complex between them. Quenching nature of CNTs against the intrinsic fluorescence potential of BSA followed static mechanism. 3D fluorescence spectra of BSA confirmed the possibilities of their binding with CNTs via tryptophan and tyrosine residues, followed by the disturbances to their aromatic environment. Alterations were observed in the amide band position of FTIR spectra of BSA–CNT conjugates. Loss of alpha-helical structures and alteration in the tryptophan position were evidenced with respect to CD spectra. The toxicity profile of pristine and BSA–CNT conjugates were evaluated against Donax faba. On comparison with pristine CNTs, BSA–CNTs conjugates showed higher LC{sub 50} dose values. In addition, the histopathology of the tissues, treated with CNT–BSA conjugates has shown decreased effect on the cellular integrity rather than the pristine ones. Hence, the adsorption of biomolecules such as the proteins over CNTs surface could have possible effect on reducing their toxicity profile in nature. - Highlights: • UV–visible spectra showed hyper-chromic effect. • Binding existed with static quenching mechanism. • Aromatic environment around Trp and Tyr residues were affected

An experimental and theoretical study on the interaction of DNA and BSA with novel Ni2 +, Cu2 + and VO2 + complexes derived from vanillin bidentate Schiff base ligand

Science.gov (United States)

Dostani, Morteza; Kianfar, Ali Hossein; Mahmood, Wan Ahmad Kamil; Dinari, Mohammad; Farrokhpour, Hossein; Sabzalian, Mohammad R.; Abyar, Fatemeh; Azarian, Mohammad Hossein

2017-06-01

In this investigation, the structure of bidentate N,N-Schiff base ligand of vanillin, (E)-4-(((2-amino-5-nitrophenyl)imino)methyl)-2-methoxyphenol (HL) was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The interaction of new [CuL2], [NiL2] and [VOL2] complexes with DNA and BSA was explored through UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The electronic spectra changes displayed an isosbestic point for the complexes upon titration with DNA. The Kb values for the complexes [CuL2], [NiL2] and [VOL2] were 2.4 × 105, 1.9 × 105 and 4.2 × 104, respectively. [CuL2] complex was bound more toughly than [NiL2] and [VOL2] complexes. These complexes had a significant interaction with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and the results demonstrated that the quenching mechanism was a static procedure. Also, the complexes interacted with BSA by more than one binding site (n > 1). Finally, the theoretical studies were performed using the docking method to calculate the binding constants and recognize the binding site of the DNA and BSA with the complexes. The ligand and complexes including Ni2 +, Cu2 + and VO2 + ions were colonized by fungal growth.

CONSUMO DE PRODUTOS LÁCTEOS DE ORIGEM NÃO BOVINA NO SUL DO BRASIL

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Andrea Polidori Celia

2012-04-01

Full Text Available AAs cadeias de produção de leites de origem não bovina estão em crescimento no Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os tipos de produtos lácteos não bovinos mais consumidos e sua origem (se caprina, ovina ou bubalina, bem como avaliar as características do consumidor que adquire esses produtos. Verificou-se, ainda, a frequência de consumo de leite bovino e derivados. Realizou-se uma pesquisa tipo survey, pela internet, com 636 respondentes. O produto derivado de leite não bovino mais citado é o queijo, seguido do leite e do iogurte. A espécie mais citada é a cabra, seguida pela búfala e a ovelha. Os consumidores que mais tendem a já ter consumido esses tipos de produtos são pessoas com mais de 45 anos, renda superior a três salários mínimos e formação superior. Os consumidores diários de queijo bovino demonstram já ter consumido produtos de leite de outra espécie. Os resultados obtidos poderão subsidiar decisões de marketing das cadeias de produção de

Metodologia para avaliação ultrassonográfica da biometria uterina na fêmea bovina

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Víctor Gómez-L

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar uma metodologia para mensurar a espessura endometrial e diâmetro dos cornos uterinos. Para o qual, os cornos uterinos foram divididos em três regiões. A partir do septo intercornual até o início a curvatura maior, foi considerada a primeira região. A partir da curvatura maior até o início do ápice do corno segunda região, e extremidade livre do corna a terceira região. Mensurou-se a espessura endometrial e o diâmetro dos cornos em animais in vivo e nos órgãos genitais dos mesmos post mortem. Foram utilizadas cinco vacas sexualmente maturas da raça Holandesa, criadas em manejo Losing-House. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados pela ANOVA e as médias comparadas pelos testes de Tukey ou pela análise não paramétrica comparando as médias pelo teste de Kruskall Wallis. Os valores médios não apresentaram diferenças para as características avaliadas no animal in vivo comparadas aos obtidos post mortem (P>0,05. Nas mensurações obtidas, a terceira região mostrou valores médios semelhantes para diâmetro (21,0±2,6 mm - 22,9±2,8 mm e espessura endometrial de ambos cornos (10,4±4,9 mm - 10,8±5,2 mm. De igual forma os valores obtidos para espessura e diâmetro de ambos cornos uterinos da terceira região mostrou-se semelhante aos valores obtidos na segunda e primeira região. Já os valores da segunda região diferiram dos obtidos na primeira região (P<0,05. Dessa forma, a obtenção de imagens ultrassonográficas em cortes transversais e a mensuração das biometrias uterinas a partir da bifurcação até a curvatura maior, mostra-se eficiente e representativa da espessura endometrial e diâmetro dos cornos uterinos como um tudo.

Desain Beam Shaping Assembly (BSA berbasis D-D Neutron Generator 2,45 MeV untuk Uji Fasilitas BNCT

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Desman P. Gulo

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT is one of the cancer treatments that are being developed in nowadays. In order to support BNCT treatment for cancer that exists in underneath skin like breast cancer, the facility needs a generator that is able to produce epithermal neutron. One of the generator that is able to produce neutron is D-D neutron generator with 2.45 MeV energy. Based on the calculation of this paper, we found that the total production of neutron per second (neutron yield from Neutron Generator (NG by PSTA-BATAN Yogyakarta is 2.55×1011 n/s. The energy and flux that we found is in the range of quick neutron. Thus, it needs to be moderated to the level of epithermal neutron which is located in the interval energy of 1 eV to 10 KeV with 109 n/cm2s flux. This number is the recommendation standard from IAEA. Beam Shaping Assembly (BSA is needed in order to moderate the quick neutron to the level of epithermal neutron. One part of BSA that has the responsibility in moderating the quick neutron to epithermal neutron is the moderator. The substance of moderator used in this paper is MgF2 and A1F3. The thickness of moderator has been set in in such a way by using MCNPX software in order to fulfill the standard of IAEA. As the result of optimizing BSA moderator, the data obtain epithermal flux with the total number of 4.64×108 n/cm2/s for both of moderators with the thickness of moderator up to 15 cm. At the end of this research, the number of epithermal flux does not follow the standard of IAEA. This is because the flux neutron that is being produced by NG is relatively small. In conclusion, the NG from PSTA-BATAN Yogyakarta is not ready to be used for the BNCT treatment facility for the underneath skin cancer like breast cancer.

Determinación serológica de leucosis bovina enzoótica en novillas de levante y vacas adultas de la vereda Morichal, Yopal, Casanare

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Nelly Andrea Bautista-R.

2013-01-01

Full Text Available La investigación se llevó a cabo con el objetivo de realizar una determinación serológica de leucosis bovina enzoótica en novillas de levante y vacas adultas. Se recolectaron 100 muestras de sangre de hembras escogidas al azar, pertenecientes a tres fincas del sector La Guafilla, de la vereda Morichal, en Yopal, Casanare, las cuales fueron analizadas para anticuerpos contra el LVB (virus de la Leucosis Viral Bovina; adicionalmente, se obtuvieron 100 muestras de los mismos animales para realización de hemograma, con el fin de observar cambios a nivel sanguíneo de aquellos que resultaran positivos. La técnica serológica empleada fue la prueba de ELISA indirecta. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo tabulando la información con datos de seropositividad y seronegatividad obtenidos de cada animal; los resultados se interpretaron de acuerdo con las variables raza, edad y variaciones del cuadro hemático. Para determinar la relación entre seropositividad y cada una de las variables se utilizó la prueba de Probabilidad de Fisher. Las pruebas arrojaron una seroprevalencia del 15% para LVB. No se encontraron diferencias significativas de prevalencia asociadas a las variables raza, edad o resultados del hemograma (p>=0.05. Se demuestra la presencia del virus LBE en La Guafilla. Se confirma la importancia de implementar un programa de control y prevención de la diseminación de la infección, con el fin de evitar las pérdidas económicas asociadas, y, dentro de lo posible, la eliminación de los animales seropositivos para lograr la erradicación de la infección en esta zona del país.

Separation of BSA through FAU-type zeolite ceramic composite membrane formed on tubular ceramic support: Optimization of process parameters by hybrid response surface methodology and biobjective genetic algorithm.

Science.gov (United States)

Vinoth Kumar, R; Ganesh Moorthy, I; Pugazhenthi, G

2017-08-09

In this study, Faujasite (FAU) zeolite was coated on low-cost tubular ceramic support as a separating layer through hydrothermal route. The mixture of silicate and aluminate solutions was used to create a zeolitic separation layer on the support. The prepared zeolite ceramic composite membrane was characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size distribution (PSD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and zeta potential measurements. The porosity of ceramic support (53%) was reduced by the deposition of FAU (43%) zeolite layer. The pore size and water permeability of the membrane were evaluated as 0.179 µm and 1.62 × 10 -7  m 3 /m 2  s kPa, respectively, which are lower than that of the support (pore size of 0.309 µm and water permeability of 5.93 × 10 -7  m 3 /m 2  s kPa). The permeate flux and rejection potential of the prepared membrane were evaluated by microfiltration of bovine serum albumin (BSA). To study the influences of three independent variables such as operating pressure (68.94-275.79 kPa), concentration of BSA (100-500 ppm), and solution pH (2-4) on permeate flux and percentage of rejection, the response surface methodology (RSM) was used. The predicted models for permeate flux and rejection were further subjected to biobjective genetic algorithm (GA). The hybrid RSM-GA approach resulted in a maximum permeate flux of 2.66 × 10 -5  m 3 /m 2  s and BSA rejection of 88.02%, at which the optimum conditions were attained as 100 ppm BSA concentration, 2 pH solution, and 275.79 kPa applied pressure. In addition, the separation efficiency was compared with other membranes applied for BSA separation to know the potential of the fabricated FAU zeolite ceramic composite membrane.

Brotes de babesiosis y anaplasmosis bovina diagnosticados en el INTA Salta, Argentina: período 2006-2016

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ARAOZ V

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de brotes de babesiosis y anaplasmosis (tristeza parasitaria bovina, TPB ocurridos entre 2006 y 2016 en el Noroeste argentino (NOA para evaluar algunos aspectos epidemiológicos y clínicos de estas enfermedades. De 4.398 muestras para diagnóstico, 238 (5,4% tuvieron sospechas de TPB, las cuales se confirmaron en 106 (44,3% casos por observación microscópica de los agentes causales. Cuarenta y siete (44,3% brotes se debieron a Anaplasma marginale, 40 (37,7% a Babesia bovis y 14 (13,2% a Babesia bigemina. En cinco (4,7% focos de babesiosis no se determinó la especie causal de Babesia. Los brotes se diagnosticaron en 62 establecimientos ganaderos de cuatro provincias (Salta, Jujuy, Santiago del Estero y Chaco. La mayoría ocurrieron en verano y otoño, con máxima incidencia en abril y nula en setiembre para ambas noxas. Las vacas adultas fueron la categoría de ganado más afectada. En 58% (61/106 de los brotes murió al menos un bovino, con un número promedio de cuatro muertes por brote. Se concluye que la TPB continúa incidiendo negativamente en la producción bovina del NOA. SUMMARY. Bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis outbreaks diagnosed at INTA Salta, Argentina: 2006-2016. A retrospective study of babesiosis and anaplasmosis outbreaks (tick fever, TF was made, which occurred from 2006 to 2016 in Northwest Argentina (NWA, to evaluate clinical and epidemiological aspects of these diseases. From 4,398 specimens, 238 (5.4% were associated with suspicions of TF and 106 of these cases (44.3% were confirmed as TF outbreaks by microscopic observation of causal agents. Forty seven (44.3% were due to Anaplasma marginale, 40 (37.7% to Babesia bovis and 14 (13.2% to Babesia bigemina. In five (4.7% outbreaks of babesiosis, Babesia species were not determined. Outbreaks were diagnosed at 62 different cattle ranches in four provinces (Salta, Jujuy, Santiago del Estero and Chaco. The outbreaks occurred mostly during

Tristeza parasitária bovina no Sertão da Paraíba

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V.M.M. Costa

2011-03-01

Full Text Available Descrevem-se 24 surtos de tristeza parasitária bovina no sertão paraibano, sendo 18 de anaplasmose por Anaplasma margimale, dois de babesiose por Babesia bigemina, dois por Babesia não identificada e dois por infecção mista de A. marginale e Babesia sp. Os surtos ocorreram entre agosto de 2007 a outubro de 2009, porém, com uma concentração dos surtos no final do período chuvoso e início do período seco de cada ano, sendo 22 em animais adultos e dois em bezerros de aproximadamente 11 meses. Dois surtos ocorreram em bovinos da raça Nelore, um em animais da raça Gir e os 21 restantes ocorreram em animais das raças Holandês, Pardo Suiço e mestiços das mesmas com zebuínos. Conclui-se que no sertão da Paraíba há áreas de instabilidade enzoótica, ocorrendo surtos de tristeza no final da época de chuvas, principalmente nas áreas de planaltos e serras da região da Borborema e em áreas úmidas como a Bacia do Rio do Peixe, Rio Piranhas e Rio Espinharas em que há a formação de microclimas favoráveis à sobrevivência do carrapato.

Sistemas de terminação em confinamento: perspectivas para dinamização da cadeia produtiva da carne bovina em Minas Gerais

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Moisés de Andrade Resende Filho

2001-03-01

Full Text Available A terminação de bovinos em confinamento vem-se apresentando como meio de expandir a oferta de carne bovina na entressafra, incrementando a produtividade do rebanho no estado de Minas Gerais. Este artigo se propõe a avaliar a viabilidade financeira de se intensificar a utilização da infra-estrutura disponivel para confinar, considerando a atual forma de comercialização. São contrastados três projetos de confinamento mutuamente exclusivos, considerando uma mesma instalação, épocas distintas de venda e o nivel de utilização da capacidade instalada. Utiliza-se a análise de fluxo de caixa associada à técnica de simulação de Monte Carlo, visando quantificar a rentabilidade e o risco associados a cada um dos projetos. Apesar da viabilidade financeira observada para a alternativa de intensificação do uso da capacidade instalada para confinar, não se verifica dominância estocástica desta em relação à estratégia de uso menos intensiva.The finishing of cattle in feedlots has been presented as a way to increase the beef meat supply in the inter-harvest as well as the cattle productivity in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This paper appraises the financial possibility of enhancing the use of the available feedlot infrastructure, considering the current commercialization form. Three mutually exclusive projects are contrasted, taking into account the same facilities, different months of sales and the level of use of the infrastructure. The cash flow analysis associated with the Monte Carlo simulation technique is used to quantify the projects' revenue and risk. Despite the financial viability observed in the intensive infrastructure use strategy, its stochastic dominance with respect to the less intensive strategy is not observed.

ANÁLISIS COMPUTACIONAL DEL EFECTO DE POLIMORFISMOS DE GENES DEL SISTEMA m-CALPAÍNA/CALPASTATINA SOBRE LA CALIDAD DE LA CARNE BOVINA

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J. D. Leal-Gutiérrez

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Los genes del sistema de enzimas μ-Calpaína/Calpastatina han sido ampliamente evaluados en estudios de asociación respecto de parámetros de calidad cárnica como la terneza; previamente se han identificado varios polimorfismos asociados con la variación fenotípica en poblaciones no relacionadas de bovinos. Usando herramientas computacionales se logró postular la asociación de cuatro polimorfismos encontrados en μ-Calpaína y 11 en Calpastatina que producen una alteración de los parámetros físico-químicos, tanto del ARNm (estabilidad y polimorfismo conformacional, como de la proteína (punto isoeléctrico, potencial electroestático y superficie molecular. Es importante poder establecer el soporte biológico de polimorfismos genéticos asociados con parámetros fenotípicos que mejoren la productividad animal, lo que hace que la aproximación in silico se convierta en una herramienta útil para tal fin.

Uso da terra como determinante da distribuição da raiva bovina em Minas Gerais, Brasil Use of the land as determinant of the distribution of the bovine rabies in Minas Gerais, Brazil

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J.A. Silva

2001-06-01

Full Text Available Realizou-se um estudo observacional retrospectivo com o objetivo de avaliar variáveis do uso da terra como determinante da distribuição da raiva bovina em Minas Gerais. Foram analisadas 7.526 fichas de diagnóstico de raiva por imunofluorescência direta, de 1976 a 1997. Utilizaram-se os dados dos Censos Agropecuários de Minas Gerais- FIBGE, anos de 1970, 1985 e 1995-1996. Empregou-se o método da análise fatorial de componentes principais, com auxílio do programa Minitab versão 9.0. A raiva bovina apresentou-se mais associada às lavouras permanentes e temporárias, às pastagens naturais e plantadas e ao efetivo bovino, e menos associada às matas naturais e plantadas, às lavouras em descanso e às terras produtivas não utilizadas. Concluiu-se que as transformações antrópicas no espaço agrário, especialmente no uso da terra, influenciaram de modo determinante a distribuição espacial e temporal da raiva bovina em Minas Gerais.A retrospective observational study was performed to evaluate variables of the use of the land to determine space and time distribution of bovine rabies in Minas Gerais State - Brazil, from 1976 to 1997. The analysis of 7526 records for bovine rabies diagnosis used direct immunofluorescence was performed. For analysis of the use of the land the data of the Agricultural Censuses of Minas Gerais - FIBGE, years of 1970, 1985 and 1995-1996 were studied. Factorial analysis of the main components, with the aid of the Minitab Program version 9.0, was used to investigate the behavior of rabies and variables of the use of the land. This disease was more associated to the permanent and temporary crops, natural and artificial pastures, and size of the bovine herds. On the other hand, it was less associated to the artificial and natural forests, resting crop areas or unused productive land. It was concluded that anthropics transformations in agrarian space, especially related to the use of the land had a determinant

Fatores associados à percepção e atitude de consumidores de carne bovina com certificação de origem em Uberlândia, Minas Gerais

OpenAIRE

Lopes, Marcos Aurélio; Maia, Érica Mariz; Bruhn, Fábio Raphael Pascoti; Custódio, Izadora Alvarenga; Rocha, Christiane Maria Barcellos Magalhães da; Faria, Peter Bittencout

2017-01-01

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar os fatores socioeconômicos relacionados com a decisão de compra de carne com certificação de origem, além de levantar os perfis de percepção e de atitude dos consumidores de carne bovina, em Uberlândia, MG. Foi realizada a descrição das variáveis e construído um modelo múltiplo Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) de regressão logística, para testar as possíveis associações entre as características socioeconômicas dos consumidores e os principais...

Epidemiología y caracterización de los factores de riesgo de diarrea viral bovina y neosporosis en bovinos del valle del Mantaro – región Junín

OpenAIRE

Arauco Villar, Fernando

2015-01-01

Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico de Diarrea viral bovina (DVB) y neosporosis en 425 vacas en producción de 37 hatos del Valle del Mantaro-Región Junín, Perú, mediante ELISA e identificando sus factores de riesgo aplicando una encuesta. Para DVB se encontraron prevalencias: muestral 66.33%, predial 97.3% (36/37) y promedio/hato 64.78%, Concepción tuvo las prevalencias promedio/hato y muestral más altas, luego Jauja, Chupaca y Huancayo; la prevalencia de animales persistentement...

Cu(II) Complexes of Isoniazid Schiff Bases: DNA/BSA Binding and Cytotoxicity Studies on A549 Cell Line

OpenAIRE

Ramadevi, Pulipaka; Singh, Rinky; Prajapati, Akhilesh; Gupta, Sarita; Chakraborty, Debjani

2014-01-01

A series of isonicotinoyl hydrazones have been synthesized via template method and were complexed to Cu(II). The ligands are coordinated to Cu(II) ion through the enolic oxygen and azomethine nitrogen resulting in a square planar geometry. The CT-DNA and bovine serum albumin binding propensities of the compounds were determined spectrophotometrically, the results of which indicate good binding propensity of complexes to DNA and BSA with high binding constant values. Furthermore, the compounds...

EnBovinOs: Diseño de una red de ontologías en el dominio de las enfermedades bovinas

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Javier Antonio Ballesteros-Ricaurte

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Este artículo presenta el proceso de desarrollo de la red de ontologías: especificación de requisitos, la aplicación de la Metodología NeOn, la reutilización de recursos ontológicos y no ontológicos, aplicado al conocimiento de enfermedades en bovinos. Para el proceso de desarrollo de la red de ontologías, se contó con el apoyo de médicos veterinarios, expertos en Mastitis Bovina que aportan su conocimiento; utilizando herramientas informáticas y tecnologías, teniendo en cuenta que el desarrollo cumpla con las características, y que de la integración de los diferentes recursos se obtenga EnBovinos. Aplicando diferentes escenarios de la metodología, se encuentran recursos que se pueden reutilizar y de la misma forma entregar una red de ontologías que se pueda utilizar en otros proyectos.

SÍNTESIS, COMPOSICIÓN Y MODIFICACIÓN DE LA GRASA DE LA LECHE BOVINA: Un nutriente valioso para la salud humana

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Joaquín Angulo A, M.Sc

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Se presenta una revisión sobre la composición, estructura y mecanismo de síntesis de la grasa de la leche en la glándula mamaria bovina y del efecto de la suplementación con ácidos grasos insaturados (AGI sobre la cantidad y calidad de la grasa. Se resalta la importancia de la suplementación con aceites vegetales más aceite de pescado; se sugiere no generalizar el efecto de AGI como negativo sobre la cantidad de grasa de la leche; se muestra la necesidad de relacionar diferentes AGI con la vía regulatoria SREBP y con diferentes enzimas lipogénicas; y se incentiva la investigación del efecto de AGI sobre la composición de ácidos grasos de la leche y su distribución posicional dentro de la estructura lipídica.

A Novel Conductive Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-BSA Film for the Construction of a Durable HRP Biosensor Modified with NanoAu Particles

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Fangcheng Xu

2016-03-01

Full Text Available In this study, we have investigated the contribution of bovine serum albumin (BSA to the durability of the electrochemically synthesized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT film on a platinum (Pt electrode. The electrode was capable to effectively adsorb the nano Au particles (AuNPs to form a uniform layout, which was then able to immobilize the horseradish peroxidase (HRP to construct a functional HRP/AuNPs/PEDOT(BSA/Pt biosensor. Cyclic voltammetry was employed to evaluate the performance of the biosensor through the measurement of hydrogen peroxide. Our results revealed a satisfied linear correlation between the cathodic current and the concentration of H2O2. Furthermore, the addition of oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, or NAD+, as the electron transfer mediator in the detection solution could dramatically enhance the sensitivity of detection by about 35.5%. The main advantages of the current biosensor are its durability, sensitivity, reliability, and biocompatibility.

Avaliação da estabilidade e da qualidade do patê de presunto, adicionado de globina bovina e de caseinato de sódio, como agente emulsionante

OpenAIRE

Silva Janaína Guernica; Morais Harriman Aley; Junqueira Roberto Gonçalves; Oliveira Afonso de Liguori; Silvestre Marialice Pinto Coelho

2003-01-01

Este trabalho foi conduzido para avaliar o efeito da incorporação das globinas bovina extraída pelo método da acetona acidificada (GT) e pelo da carboximetilcelulose (GCMC) e do caseinato de sódio (CA) sobre a composição química e as qualidades microbiológica e sensorial do patê de presunto. Foi, ainda, avaliada a estabilidade do produto durante os 45 dias de estocagem sob refrigeração, por meio das determinações de pH e do grau de oxidação lipídica. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, pôde-...

Site and Regional Data for Biosphere Assessment BSA-2009 Supplement to Olkiluoto Biosphere Description 2009

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aro, L.; Haapanen, R.; Puhakka, L.; Hjerpe, T.; Kirkkala, T.; Koivunen, S.; Lahdenperae, A.-M.; Salo, T.; Ikonen, A.T.K.; Helin, J.

2010-06-01

The safety case for a spent nuclear fuel repository at Olkiluoto includes a computational safety assessment. A site-specific biosphere assessment is an integral part of them both. In 2009 an assessment was conducted to demonstrate preparedness to apply for construction license to the repository in 2012. As a part of the biosphere assessment, the present conditions at the site are described in Olkiluoto biosphere description report for an analogue of the future conditions being simulated in the safety assessment. This report is a supplement to the biosphere description report of 2009 and documents the site and regional data used in the biosphere assessment 'BSA-2009' with respective rationales. (orig.)

PENGARUH PENGGANTIAN BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN (BSA DENGAN PUTIH TELUR DALAM PENGENCER DASAR Cep-2 TERHADAP KUALITAS SEMEN KAMBING BOER PADA SIMPAN DINGIN

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Ayu Sulvi Istanty

2017-06-01

Full Text Available The purpose of this research wasinvestigated the substitution effect of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA with albumen on CEP-2 diluent to semen quality of Boer goat that was stored at 3-50C. Research was conducted at Reproduction Laboratory and Field Laboratory SumberSekarDau Animal Husbandry Faculty of Brawijaya University from December 2016until January 2017. The materials used for this research were fresh semen from 3,5-4,5 years old Boer goat which was collected with artificial vagina. Semen diluent was divided into two groups, those were P0 (90% CEP-2 + 10% Egg Yolk and P1 (90% CEP-2 (without BSA + 0,4% albumen + 10% Egg Yolk. Data of the research were analyzed using paired design t test. The result showed that after eight days of chilled preservation, the sperm motility of P0 was not significantly different with P1 (P>0,05. The average percentage of motility during eight days preservation P0 was higher than P1. The viability between P0 and P1 showed highly significantly difference (P<0,01. The average percentage of viability during eight days preservation P0 was higher than P1. The abnormality between P0 and P1 showed highly significant difference (P<0,01. The average percentage of abnormality between eight dayspreservation P1 was higher than P0. Total motile sperms count after seven days chilled preservation was not significantly different with hope value 40 million motile sperm/ml. The conclusion of this research was the substitution of BSA with albumen could maintain Boer goat semen quality.   Keywords : CEP-2, Bovine SerumAlbumin, Semen, Cryoprotectant

A relação entre o preço pago pelo consumidor de carne bovina em Santa Maria e o recebido pelo produtor de gado de corte no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil Relationship between price paid by consumers in Santa Maria and prices paid to beef cattle farmers in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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João Garibaldi Almeida Viana

2007-08-01

Full Text Available Este estudo analisa em que medida os preços pagos pelos consumidores de carne bovina - ponto final da cadeia - são repassados ao produtor. Os preços dos diferentes cortes de carne foram coletados através de pesquisa mensal de preços, em quatro supermercados de Santa Maria, RS, Brasil. Depois de obtidos os valores percentuais dos diferentes cortes na composição da carcaça, estes valores foram multiplicados pelo preço pago pelo consumidor, obtendo-se assim os preços e as proporções dos cortes referentes ao valor ajustado de um quilo de carcaça pago pelo consumidor. Para a obtenção do preço médio do kg do boi vivo recebido pelos produtores, foram considerados os preços coletados pela EMATER-RS. Verificou-se uma baixa variação ao longo do ano das partes componentes da carcaça, na contribuição do preço total. Na média, o dianteiro contribui com 26,10%, o costilhar com 13,40% e o traseiro com 60,50% do preço total da carcaça. O setor a jusante na cadeia bovina tem função reguladora do preço final ao consumidor, com uma margem de operação de 7,61 pontos ao longo do ano. Nos três quadrimestres ao longo do ano, a associação entre o preço recebido pelo produtor (PRP e o pago pelo consumidor (PPC teve um comportamento diferenciado. As associações verificadas foram fraca, negativamente forte e positivamente muito forte para o primeiro, segundo e terceiro quadrimestres, respectivamente.This study analyses how much of prices paid by the consumers of beef meat are passed on to the farmer. The prices of different types of beef cuts were collected monthly in four supermarkets in Santa Maria-RS, Brazil. The percentage values of different cuts were obtained and multiplied by the price paid by consumers. Thus, it was calculated the adjusted price of kilogram of carcass commercialized at supermarket. The average price per kilogram of live steers received by the farmer was collected by EMATER-RS. There was a low price variation

Visual detection of copper(II) ions in blood samples by controlling the leaching of protein-capped gold nanoparticles.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, Yen-Fei; Deng, Ting-Wei; Chiu, Wei-Jane; Wei, Tsao-Yen; Roy, Prathik; Huang, Chih-Ching

2012-04-21

We have developed a simple, low-cost, paper-based probe for the selective colorimetric detection of copper ions (Cu(2+)) in aqueous solutions. The bovine serum albumin (BSA)-modified 13.3-nm Au nanoparticle (BSA-Au NP) probe was designed to detect Cu(2+) ions using lead ions (Pb(2+)) and 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) as leaching agents in a glycine-NaOH (pH 12.0) solution. In addition, a nitrocellulose membrane (NCM) was used to trap the BSA-Au NPs, leading to the preparation of a nanocomposite film consisting of a BSA-Au NP-decorated membrane (BSA-Au NPs/NCM). The BSA-Au NPs probe operates on the principle that Cu deposition on the surface of the BSA-Au NPs inhibits their leaching ability, which is accelerated by Pb(2+) ions in the presence of 2-ME. Under optimal solution conditions (5 mM glycine-NaOH (pH 12.0), Pb(2+) (50 μM), and 2-ME (1.0 M)), the Pb(2+)/2-ME-BSA-Au NPs/NCM enabled the detection of Cu(2+) at nanomolar concentrations in aqueous solutions by the naked eye with high selectivity (at least 100-fold over other metal ions). In addition, this cost-effective probe allowed for the rapid and simple determination of Cu(2+) ions in not only natural water samples but also in a complex biological sample (in this case, blood sample).

Development of SSR Markers Linked to Low Hydrocyanic Acid Content in Sorghum-Sudan Grass Hybrid Based on BSA Method.

Science.gov (United States)

Xiao-Xia, Yu; Zhi-Hua, Liu; Zhuo, Yu; Yue, Shi; Xiao-Yu, Li

2016-01-01

Sorghum-Sudan grass hybrid containing high hydrocyanic acid content can cause hydrocyanic acid poisoning to the livestock and limit the popularization of this forage crop. Molecular markers associated with low hydrocyanic acid content can speed up the process of identification of genotypes with low hydrocyanic acid content. In the present study, 11 polymorphic SSR primers were screened and used for bulked segregant analysis and single marker analysis. Three SSR markers Xtxp7230, Xtxp7375 and Bnlg667960 associated with low hydrocyanic acid content were rapidly identified by BSA. In single marker analysis, six markers Xtxp7230, Xtxp7375, Bnlg667960, Xtxp67-11, Xtxp295-7 and Xtxp12-9 were linked to low hydrocyanic acid content, which explained the proportion of phenotypic variation from 7.6 % to 41.2 %. The markers identified by BSA were also verified by single marker analysis. The three SSR marker bands were then cloned and sequenced for sequence homology analysis in NCBI. It is the first report on the development of molecular markers associated with low hydrocyanic acid content in sorghum- Sudan grass hybrid. These markers will be useful for genetic improvement of low hydrocyanic acid sorghum-Sudan grass hybrid by marker-assisted breeding.

Mastites em ruminantes no Brasil

OpenAIRE

Acosta, Atzel Candido; Silva, Leonildo Bento Galiza da; Medeiros, Elizabeth Sampaio; Pinheiro-Júnior, José Wilton; Mota, Rinaldo Aparecido

2016-01-01

Resumo: A mastite é uma doença complexa e considerada uma das principais causas de perdas à indústria leiteira mundial. Objetivou-se com esta revisão compilar informações dos últimos dez anos sobre a mastite em ruminantes no Brasil. A prevalência da mastite subclínica chega a 48,64% na espécie bovina, 30,7% na espécie caprina, 31,45% na espécie ovina e 42,2% na espécie bubalina, destacando-se a etiologia por Staphylococcus spp. Os fatores de risco associados à ocorrência de mastite estão rela...

Influence of charge on FITC-BSA-loaded chondroitin sulfate-chitosan nanoparticles upon cell uptake in human Caco-2 cell monolayers

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Hu CS

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Chieh-shen Hu,1 Chiao-hsi Chiang,2 Po-da Hong,1,4,* Ming-kung Yeh1–3,*1Biomedical Engineering Program, Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology; 2School of Pharmacy, National Defence Medical Center; 3Bureau of Pharmaceutical Affairs, Ministry of National Defence Medical Affairs Bureau; 4Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workBackground and methods: Chondroitin sulfate-chitosan (ChS-CS nanoparticles and positively and negatively charged fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated bovine serum albumin (FITC-BSA-loaded ChS-CS nanoparticles were prepared and characterized. The properties of ChS-CS nanoparticles, including cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, and transepithelial transport, as well as findings on field emission-scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy were evaluated in human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2 fibroblasts. ChS-CS nanoparticles with a mean particle size of 250 nm and zeta potentials ranging from –30 to +18 mV were prepared using an ionic gelation method.Results: Standard cell viability assays demonstrated that cells incubated with ChS-CS and FITC-BSA-loaded ChS-CS nanoparticles remained more than 95% viable at particle concentrations up to 0.1 mg/mL. Endocytosis of nanoparticles was confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and measured by flow cytometry. Ex vivo transepithelial transport studies using Caco-2 cells indicated that the nanoparticles were effectively transported into Caco-2 cells via endocytosis. The uptake of positively charged FITC-BSA-loaded ChS-CS nanoparticles across the epithelial membrane was more efficient than that of the negatively charged nanoparticles.Conclusion: The ChS-CS nanoparticles fabricated in this study were

Nuevos enfoques en el diagnóstico, prevención y tratamiento de la mastitis bovina a través del uso de moléculas con acción antimicrobiana

OpenAIRE

Chaneton, Luciano

2010-01-01

El objetivo de esta tesis fue caracterizar el papel de lactoferrina (LF) y otros factores solubles endógenos, en la defensa de la glándula mamaria contra la infección. También, se buscó analizar la potencial aplicación de estos elementos para el diagnóstico y la predicción de la mastitis bovina y para la generación de ganado resistente a esta enfermedad. Para abordar estos objetivos se realizaron estudios bioquímicos, microbiológicos y epidemiológicos que se presentan en 4 apartados de result...

Eliminação de resistência a drogas por fluorquinolonas em Staphylococcus aureus de origem bovina Elimination of resistance to drugs by fluoroquinolones in bovine strains of Staphylococcus aureus

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Maria S.V. Pereira

2004-03-01

Full Text Available Cepas de Staphylococcus aureus de origem bovina foram submetidas ao tratamento com quatro fluoquinolonas na concentração subinibitória (1/2 x CMI, para avaliar a influência desses agentes sobre plasmídios. A ciprofloxacina mostrou ser a fluorquinolona mais eficiente, eliminando marcas de resistência para estreptomicina, tetraciclina, penicilina e cádmio. A norfloxacina e a pefloxacina eliminaram resistência para penicilina e tetraciclina, respectivamente; no entanto, não foi evidenciada a eliminação de plasmídio com ofloxacina. Os resultados confirmam a eficácia das fluor-quinolonas em eliminar plasmídios de resistência mostrando a importância desses estudos como contribuição para o entendimento da prevenção de linhagens multiresistentes, uma vez que as quinolonas em concentrações subinibitórias podem aumentar a sensibilidade das linhagens a outros agentes antimicrobianos.Bovine strains of Staphylococcus aureus were submitted to treatment with four fluoro-quinolones in subinhibitory concentrations (1/2 x MICs to evaluate their influence on the curing of plasmids. Ciprofloxacin showed to be the most efficient by eliminating resistance to streptomycin, tetracyclin, penicillin, and cadmium nitrate. Norfloxacin and pefloxacin eliminated penicillin- and tetracyclin-resistance respectively. Otherwise, plasmids elimination by ofloxacin was not evidenced. The results obtained in this study confirm the potential of fluoroquinolones to eliminate antibiotic-resistant plasmids, and showed to be a valuable contribution for the prevention of multi-resistant strains, and may even enhance their sensitivity to other chemotherapeutic agents.

Electrochemical characterization of BSA/11-mercaptoundecanoic acid on Au electrode

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ignat, Teodora, E-mail: teodora.ignat@gmail.com [Laboratory of Nanotechnology, IMT-Bucharest, Erou Iancu Nicolae 126A, 077190 Bucharest (Romania); Miu, Mihaela; Kleps, Irina; Bragaru, Adina; Simion, Monica; Danila, Mihai [Laboratory of Nanotechnology, IMT-Bucharest, Erou Iancu Nicolae 126A, 077190 Bucharest (Romania)

2010-05-25

Recently, it has becoming increasingly important to control the organization of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of functionalized thiols and to bind various proteins on gold/silicon substrates for their potential integration in nanoscale sensors/biosensors and optical devices. The biomolecule immobilization on the surfaces by covalent chemistry allows fabrication of reproducible, protein-modified surfaces and became also a model to investigate the electrochemical response induced by protein binding. In this study, we report different nanostructured gold substrates and the adsorption of a protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) layer for further biomedical applications. Nanostructured gold layers of 200 nm thickness have been prepared on both, flat and macroporous silicon (macroPS) substrates. The X-ray diffraction analyses emphasized a dominant (1 1 1) crystallographic orientation of nanostructured Au substrates, which is preferred orientation for binding and detection of organic molecules on the gold surface. Impedance spectroscopy measurements performed in specific frequency ranges show that the binding of protein to a single monolayer of MUA can be easily detected. The impedance changes were also corroborated with cyclic voltammetry and Raman spectroscopy analysis for further development of the biosensor transducer for converting of the specific molecular recognition events into either an optical or electrical signal.

Towards the final BSA modeling for the accelerator-driven BNCT facility at INFN LNL

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ceballos, C. [Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnlogicas y Desarrollo Nuclear, 5ta y30, Miramar, Playa, Ciudad Habana (Cuba); Esposito, J., E-mail: juan.esposito@lnl.infn.it [INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL), via dell' Universita, 2, I-35020 Legnaro (PD) (Italy); Agosteo, S. [Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Energia, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano (Italy)] [INFN, Sezione di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano (Italy); Colautti, P.; Conte, V.; Moro, D. [INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL), via dell' Universita, 2, I-35020 Legnaro (PD) (Italy); Pola, A. [Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Energia, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano (Italy)] [INFN, Sezione di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano (Italy)

2011-12-15

Some remarkable advances have been made in the last years on the SPES-BNCT project of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) towards the development of the accelerator-driven thermal neutron beam facility at the Legnaro National Laboratories (LNL), aimed at the BNCT experimental treatment of extended skin melanoma. The compact neutron source will be produced via the {sup 9}Be(p,xn) reactions using the 5 MeV, 30 mA beam driven by the RFQ accelerator, whose modules construction has been recently completed, into a thick beryllium target prototype already available. The Beam Shaping Assembly (BSA) final modeling, using both neutron converter and the new, detailed, Be(p,xn) neutron yield spectra at 5 MeV energy recently measured at the CN Van de Graaff accelerator at LNL, is summarized here.

Balance energético y capacidad gluconeogénica de vacas lecheras a pastoreo tratadas con una baja dosis de somatotropina recombinante bovina en el período de transición

OpenAIRE

JL Sánchez; CA Wagemann; C Strieder-Barboza; M Noro

2014-01-01

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto de la dosis baja (250 mg/vaca) de somatotropina recombinante bovina (rbST) en vacas lecheras a pastoreo en período de transición sobre los indicadores energético-proteínicos y capacidad gluconeogénica. Se realizaron 3 ensayos: Preparto, se utilizaron 10 vacas preparto, grupo bST (n = 5): dosis única de rbST el día (d) 26 preparto, y control (n = 5); se obtuvieron muestras de sangre y se registró la condición corporal (CC) cada 3 d desde el 26 d...

Análisis de segregantes agrupados (BSA para la detección de AFLPs ligados al gen de resistencia a PVX en Solanum commersonii

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Mónica Blanco

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Para identificar polimorfismos asociados al gen de resistencia al PVX en la papa silvestre Solanum commersonii, se realizó un análisis de segregantes agrupados (BSA asistido con AFLPs. Estos polimorfismos están basados en la localización de un locus relacionado con la resistencia al virus X de la papa (PVX. Inicialmente, mediante un análisis de ELISA, los individuos de una progenie F2 previamente inoculados con el PVX, fueron ubicados en 2 grupos, uno con los individuos resistentes y otro con los susceptibles. Posteriormente, para el BSA el ADN de todos los individuos resistentes fue mezclado, lo mismo el ADN de todos los individuos susceptibles. Ambos grupos de ADN fueron analizados independientemente, utilizando 64 diferentes combinaciones de AFLPs. El análisis de los geles resultó en la identificación de 22 combinaciones diferentes de AFLPs que generaron bandas relacionadas exclusivamente con el carácter de resistencia al PVX.

Biomimetic synthesis of calcium carbonate with different morphologies and polymorphs in the presence of bovine serum albumin and soluble starch.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Yuxi; Chen, Yuping; Huang, Xuechen; Wu, Gang

2017-10-01

Calcium carbonate has been synthesized by the reaction of Na 2 CO 3 and CaCl 2 in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and soluble starch. Effects of various bovine serum albumin (BSA) and soluble starch on the polymorph and morphology of CaCO 3 crystals were investigated. Crystallization of vaterite is favored in the presence of BSA and soluble starch, respectively, while calcite is favored in the presence of a mixture of BSA and soluble starch. The morphologies of CaCO 3 particles in the presence of mixture of BSA and soluble starch are mainly rod-like, suggesting that the BSA, soluble and their assemblies play key roles in stabilizing and directing the CaCO 3 crystal growth. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Proliferação de linfócitos e apoptose de células CD5+ de bovinos infectados pelo vírus da leucose enzoótica bovina

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F.N Souza

2011-10-01

Full Text Available Avaliaram-se a proliferação de linfócitos e a apoptose de células CD5+ de bovinos naturalmente infectados pelo vírus da leucose enzoótica bovina. Para tal, 100 vacas da raça Holandesa, em lactação, foram triadas quanto ao sorodiagnóstico para a leucose enzoótica bovina e o perfil hematológico, e 15 foram escolhidos e distribuídos uniformemente entre os três grupos, a saber: animais negativos, animais positivos alinfocitóticos e animais positivos e que manifestaram linfocitose persistente (LP. Para a avaliação da proliferação de linfócitos, procedeu-se ao isolamento das células mononucleares por gradiente de centrifugação, em que 2x10(6 linfócitos por mL foram plaqueados por poço e analisados por citometria de fluxo utilizando-se o fluorocromo CFSE-DA. A apoptose do sangue periférico deu-se utilizando a anexina V-FITC, e para a identificação das células CD5+, utilizaram-se anticorpos monoclonais. Ocorreu menor proliferação de linfócitos nos animais infectados e que manifestavam LP, e menor apoptose de células CD5+ do sangue periférico. Pode-se sugerir que o desenvolvimento da LP, resultante do aumento de linfócitos B, deve-se à redução do processo apoptótico das células CD5+, principal população infectada, e que a maior proliferação linfocitária pode se restringir apenas ao estádio inicial do desenvolvimento da LP.

Listeria spp. occurrence in equipments and processing plants of meat/ Listeria spp. ocorrência em equipamentos e ambientes de processamento de carne bovina

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Luís Augusto Nero

2004-05-01

Full Text Available Exopolysaccharides, biopolymers or hydrosolubles gums, are produced by a great variety of microorganisms and possess physical, structural and chemical properties quite homogeneous, in relation to derived from algae and plants. The production is relatively independent on climatic conditions, faster obtaining of the finished product and need small space. Biopolymers have been studied thoroughly in the last years. Due to wide diversity in structure and physical properties, the microbial polysaccharides possess a lot of applications in food, pharmaceutical, oil, cosmetics, textile, inks and agricultural products among others industries. Some of those applications, include uses as emulsifying, stabilizing, binding, jellifying, clotting, lubricants, film coated, thickening and suspender agents. The parameters that have most influenced the process of exopolysaccharides biosyntheses have been the microorganism, the culture medium composition, pH and temperature of incubation. The exopolysaccharide production can be developed by species of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, some microalgae and many moulds. This work discusses the influence of these parameters during the production process and exopolysaccharides biosyntheses by bacteria.O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estabelecer a ocorrência de Listeria monocytogenes em diversos pontos de plantas de processamento de carne bovina em 01 abatedouro e 05 casas de carnes localizados na região norte do Paraná. Para a detecção de Listeria spp. em 124 amostras de equipamentos/utensílios e instalações, utilizou-se a metodologia preconizada pelo United States Departament of Agriculture (USDA, com identificação das espécies por testes bioquímicos e posterior confirmação pelo API Listeria (bioMérieux. Os resultados obtidos indicaram freqüências de 6,25% de L. monocytogenes; 68,75% de L. innocua; 18,75% de L. welshimeri; 4,17% de L. seeligeri e 2,08% de L. grayi. As amostras positivas para L

Interaction mode and nanoparticle formation of bovine serum albumin and anthocyanin in three buffer solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhou, Rui; Dong, Xueyan; Song, Lanlan; Jing, Hao

2014-01-01

Investigation of interaction mode of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and anthocyanin (ACN) in different solutions will help us understand the interaction mechanism and functional change of bioactive small molecule and biomacromolecule. This study investigated the binding mode, including binding constant, number of binding sites, binding force of BSA and ACN interaction in three buffer solutions of phosphate (PBS), sodium chloride (NaCl), and PBS-NaCl, using fluorescence spectroscopy and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. Formation and characteristics of BSA–ACN complex were also investigated using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that ACN could interact with BSA at both tyrosine (Tyr) and tryptophan (Trp) residues through both hydrogen bonds and van der Waals force, and the same binding mode was seen in dH 2 O and three buffer solutions. The value of binding constant K was decreased as the temperature increased from 298 K to 308 K, and the decreasing degree was in the order of dH 2 O (9.0×10 4 )>NaCl (2.64×10 4 )/PBS (2.37×10 4 )>PBS-NaCl (0.88×10 4 ), which was inversely correlated with the ionic strength of the buffer solutions of PBS-NaCl>NaCl>PBS. It indicated that stability of BSA–ACN complex was affected most in dH 2 O than in three buffer solutions. The BSA and ACN interaction led to formation of BSA–ACN nanoparticles. The sizes of BSA–ACN nanoparticles in dH 2 O were smaller than that in three buffer solutions, which correlated with stronger binding force between BSA and ACN in dH 2 O than in three buffer solutions at room temperature (25 °C, 298 K). - Highlights: • We report the influences of four solutions on the BSA–ACN interaction. • We report the relationship between BSA–ACN interaction and particle size of complex. • The stability of BSA–ACN complex was affected most in dH 2 O than in buffer solutions

Atividade in vitro do extrato de própolis contra agentes bacterianos da mastite bovina In vitro activity of propolis extract against bovine mastitis bacterial agents

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Andrea Pinto Loguercio

2006-02-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar a atividade in vitro do extrato alcoólico de própolis, contra agentes da mastite bovina, comparando-o aos principais antimicrobianos utilizados no tratamento convencional. Foram utilizados 36 isolados coagulase-positivos de Staphylococcus sp. e 27 isolados de Streptococcus sp.; 94,4% dos Staphylococcus sp. e 85,2% dos Streptococcus sp. foram susceptíveis ao extrato de própolis.The present study aimed to determine the in vitro activity of propolis extract, comparing it to the most common antibacterial drugs against bovine mastitis bacterial agents. Thirty-six isolates of coagulase-positive Staphylococcus sp. and twenty-seven of Streptococcus sp. were analyzed. Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (94.4% and Streptococcus sp. (85.2% showed susceptibility to propolis extract.

Identificação espécie-específica de carnes e produtos cárneos de origem bubalina e bovina pela técnica de PCR-RFLP

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L.V. Teixeira

2015-02-01

Full Text Available Para avaliar a viabilidade da metodologia da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase associada com o Polimorfismo de Fragmentos de DNA (PCR-RFLP na identificação de fraude intencional e contaminação acidental em produtos cárneos de origem bubalina, in natura e processados, foram testadas amostras puras e amostras de carnes com misturas controladas, produzidas em laboratório, com adição de 1%, 5%, 10% e 50% de carne bovina em carne de búfalo, homogeneizada crua e em amostras autoclavada. Foram comparados, ainda, diferentes métodos de extração, usando um kit comercial e a técnica clássica, utilizando fenol/clorofórmio. O resultado estatístico foi obtido por tabela de contingência, analisada pelo teste do qui-quadrado (χ2 e do exato de Fisher. A especificidade encontrada foi altamente significativa (P<0,0001. Observou-se também sensibilidade altamente significativa nas diluições a partir de 10% (P<0,0001. A técnica tem alta especificidade e sensibilidade para detectar até mesmo contaminação de 1%, mas a repetibilidade desse resultado impede a aplicação oficial desse método para a inspeção de contaminação acidental, sendo recomendada somente para inspeção de fraude a partir de 10% de substituição. Em carnes autoclavadas, a eficácia do teste é menor. A técnica pode ser empregada para certificação de produto específico (selo de identidade de espécie.

Nuevos casos de coccidiosis bovina en León. Denuncia de Eimeria bovis (Züblin,1908) Fiebiger, 1912, E. auburnensis Christensen y Porter, 1939 y E. ellipsoidalis Becker y Frye, 1929

OpenAIRE

Cordero del Campillo, Miguel

1981-01-01

P. 61-72 Se estudian nuevos focos de coccidiosis bovina en la provincia de León. En la zona montañosa del NE, se identifica, nuevamente Eimeria zürni más Eimeria auburnensis. En las cercanías de la ciudad de León se comprobó la existencia de Eimeria bovis, Eimeria auburnensis y Eimeria ellipsoidalis. La máxima frecuencia corre a cargo de Eimeria zürni y Eimeria bovis, dotadas también de mayor poder patógeno. Los datos morfológicos de Eimeria zürni concuerdan con los estudiados por el autor...

Synthesis and characterization of polymer eight-coordinate (enH 2)[Y III(pdta)(H 2O)] 2·10H 2O as well as the interaction of [Y III(pdta)(H 2O)] 22- with BSA

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Bin; Wang, Jun; Wang, Xin; Liu, Bing-Mi; He, Ling-Ling; Xu, Shu-Kun

2010-12-01

The eight-coordinate (enH 2)[Y III(pdta)(H 2O)] 2·10H 2O (en = ethylenediamine and H 4pdta = 1,3-propylenediamine- N, N, N', N'-tetraacetic acid) was synthesized, meanwhile its molecular and crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technology. The interaction between [Y III(pdta)(H 2O)] 22- and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated by UV-vis and fluorescence spectra. The results indicate that [Y III(pdta)(H 2O)] 22- quenched effectively the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA via a static quenching process with the binding constant ( Ka) of the order of 10 4. Meanwhile, the binding and damaging sites to BSA molecules were also estimated by synchronous fluorescence. Results indicate that the hydrophobic environments around Trp and Tyr residues were all slightly changed. The thermodynamic parameters (Δ G = -25.20 kJ mol -1, Δ H = -26.57 kJ mol -1 and Δ S = -4.58 J mol -1 K -1) showed that the reaction was spontaneous and exothermic. What is more, both Δ H and Δ S were negative values indicated that hydrogen bond and Van der Waals forces were the predominant intermolecular forces between [Y III(pdta)(H 2O)] 22- and BSA.

AVALIAÇÃO DA COMPOSIÇÃO CENTESIMAL, COLESTEROL E PERFIL DE ÁCIDOS GRAXOS DE CORTES CÁRNEOS COMERCIAIS DE AVESTRUZ, SUÍNO, BOVINO E FRANGO

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Tiffany Prokopp HAUTRIVE

2012-04-01

Full Text Available A carne de avestruz é uma carne exótica, com coloração avermelhada, maciez e sabor semelhante à carne bovina. É rica em proteínas, cálcio e ferro e possui baixos teores de gordura total e ácidos graxos saturados. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a composição centesimal, perfil de ácidos graxos e o colesterol da carne de avestruz e comparar com cortes de carne bovina, suína e frango. As carnes apresentaram percentuais semelhantes de umidade, proteína e cinzas, porém a carne de avestruz foi a que apresentou menor quantidade de lipídio (0,58%, sendo 7,34% de ácidos graxos saturados, 45,37% de monoinsaturados e 27,20% de poli-insaturados. A carne de avestruz apresentou uma boa relação de ácidos graxos poli- insaturados/saturados e n-6/n-3. A carne de avestruz poderia ser incluída em uma dieta equilibrada, pois apresenta nutrientes semelhantes a outras carnes e com diferenciais, baixo conteúdo de lipídios e calorias e rica em ferro-heme.

Diferenciação por qualidade da carne bovina: a ótica do bem-estar animal Differentiation for beef cattle quality: the view of the animal welfare

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Carolina Balbé de Oliveira

2008-10-01

Full Text Available Este estudo busca enfatizar como o bem-estar animal pode influenciar nos sistemas produtivos pecuários e no produto final - a carne bovina. Surge da preocupação com as condições que os bovinos são manejados e chegam para abate nos frigoríficos, ocasionando prejuízos a todos os agentes da cadeia produtiva e da necessidade de obtenção de produtos seguros, com qualidade, e produzidos de forma sustentável e ambientalmente correta. Um bom manejo durante todo o sistema de criação se reflete na qualidade da carne. Ao se agregar qualidade, mesmo que por meio de características pouco identificáveis, promove-se a diferenciação do produto. Com certeza, assim como os prejuízos ocasionados pelo manejo inadequado, os ganhos da diferenciação, por meio de práticas de bem-estar animal, poderão ser compartilhados por todos os agentes da cadeia produtiva.This paper aims to emphasize how the animal welfare can influence the cattle productive systems and in the final beef product. The study emerges from the preoccupation with the conditions that the cattle is handled and arrive for slaughter in the cold storage room. Impairing all the productive chain agentes, and the necessity to obtain safe products, with quality and produced in a sustainable and environmentally correct way. A good handling during all the breeding systems reflects in the meat quality. Aggregating quality, though by means of not very identifiable characteristics, the product diferenciation is promoted. For sure, as well as the impairment caused by the inadequate handling, the profits of diferenciation, by means of animal welfare practices, could be shared by all the agents of the productive chain.

Efeito da utilização da somatotropina bovina recombinante (bST sobre a produção de leite em búfalas Effect of recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST utilization on milk production from buffaloes

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André Mendes Jorge

2002-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o resultado da utilização da somatotropina bovina recombinante (bST atuando na produção de leite em búfalas da raça Murrah. Empregaram-se 28 búfalas multíparas da raça Murrah, divididas em dois grupos homogêneos de 14 animais, recebendo os seguintes tratamentos: Grupo 1 ¾ Controle (solução salina e Grupo 2 ¾ 500 mg de bST/cabeça a cada 14 dias, durante 7 meses. Búfalas tratadas com bST exibiram incrementos de 48,52%, 32,80% e 32,80% nas produções total de leite, corrigida, depois, para 4% de gordura e média diária, respectivamente. A somatotropina elevou a produção total de gordura sem alterar a porcentagem dela no leite. A administração de bST não afetou a porcentagem de proteína do leite todavia, a produção total de proteína foi aumentada. Quanto à duração da lactação, o tratamento com bST diferiu do controle, o que demonstra a maior persistência da lactação de búfalas tratadas com bST.The objective of this work was to study the effect of recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST utilization on milk production from Murrah buffaloes. Twenty eight multiparous Murrah buffaloes were used and divided into two homogeneous groups of 14 animals, receiving the following treatments: Group 1 ¾ Control (salt solution and Group 2 ¾ 500 mg of bST/head every 14 days during 7 months. Buffaloes treated with bST presented increase of 48.52%, 32.80% and 32.80% on total milk yield, adjusted to 4% of fat and average daily milk yield, respectively. Somatotropin increased total fat milk yield without alter fat percentage of milk. Administration of bST did not affect protein percentage of milk while total protein milk yield increased. As for the lactating period, the treatment with bST differed of the control, what might have denoted in larger persistence of the lactation from buffaloes treated with bST.

Estrategias genómicas y moleculares para el control de la babesiosis bovina

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Juan Joel Mosqueda Gualito

2012-01-01

Full Text Available El control de la babesiosis bovina en muchas partes del mundo está restringido al tratamiento quimioterapéutico y al control de la población de garrapatas con agentes acaricidas. No hay programas de control basados en estudios de inmunidad de hato, control integral de la garrapata y las enfermedades que transmite, ni vacunas contra la babesiosis disponibles comercialmente. Para poder desarrollar estas herramientas es necesario utilizar tecnologías que incluyan conocimientos de genómica, proteómica y bioinformática, apoyadas en la investigación de genes con potencial diagnóstico o vacunal. El estudio de la función de los genes, y de la conservación o variabilidad son indispensables para determinar su utilidad. Es necesario, primero identificar los genes con potencial a incluirse en el desarrollo de estas herramientas, y después, evaluar su variabilidad o conservación en distintas poblaciones de parásitos. En segundo término, es necesario seleccionar regiones específicas de estos genes, que cumplan la función deseada, ya sean regiones conservadas o diferentes entre cepas. Finalmente, es necesario utilizar el método adecuado de evaluación de estos candidatos para el desarrollo de métodos de control adecuados. A pesar de que hay ciertos avances en el estudio de genes de B. bovis, hay prácticamente nula información respecto a B. bigemina. Es necesario aprovechar las nuevas estrategias genómicas y de bioinformática para identificar nuevos genes con potencial diagnóstico y de vacunación. El desarrollo de la ganadería mexicana está supeditado al establecimiento e implementación de estas herramientas.

Principios generados a partir de la evolución del manejo en pastoreo para la producción de leche bovina en Cuba

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Milagros de la C Milera

Full Text Available El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la evolución de los resultados científicos más importantes durante los últimos 40 años de investigación, obtenidos en estudios sobre sistemas de manejo con pastos para la producción de leche bovina en Cuba. La recopilación realizada permitió generar un grupo de principios que rigen el manejo con gramíneas mejoradas, leguminosas volubles y árboles para ramoneo. Se analizaron los retos en la concepción de los sistemas para la producción de leche en Cuba, que constituyen el nuevo paradigma: la producción de alimento y de energía a partir de gramíneas mejoradas, en pastoreo o en asociación con árboles forrajeros, energéticos, maderables y otros, que cubran el 80 % de los requerimientos de los animales.

BSA Nanoparticles for siRNA Delivery: Coating Effects on Nanoparticle Properties, Plasma Protein Adsorption, and In Vitro siRNA Delivery

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Haran Yogasundaram

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Developing vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic molecules, like siRNA, is an area of active research. Nanoparticles composed of bovine serum albumin, stabilized via the adsorption of poly-L-lysine (PLL, have been shown to be potentially inert drug-delivery vehicles. With the primary goal of reducing nonspecific protein adsorption, the effect of using comb-type structures of poly(ethylene glycol (1 kDa, PEG units conjugated to PLL (4.2 and 24 kDa on BSA-NP properties, apparent siRNA release rate, cell viability, and cell uptake were evaluated. PEGylated PLL coatings resulted in NPs with ζ-potentials close to neutral. Incubation with platelet-poor plasma showed the composition of the adsorbed proteome was similar for all systems. siRNA was effectively encapsulated and released in a sustained manner from all NPs. With 4.2 kDa PLL, cellular uptake was not affected by the presence of PEG, but PEG coating inhibited uptake with 24 kDa PLL NPs. Moreover, 24 kDa PLL systems were cytotoxic and this cytotoxicity was diminished upon PEG incorporation. The overall results identified a BSA-NP coating structure that provided effective siRNA encapsulation while reducing ζ-potential, protein adsorption, and cytotoxicity, necessary attributes for in vivo application of drug-delivery vehicles.

Imunidade inata da glândula mamária bovina: resposta à infecção Innate immunity of the bovine mammary gland: response to infection

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Deolinda Maria Vieira Filha Carneiro

2009-09-01

Full Text Available A imunidade na glândula mamária pode ser classificada, assim como em outros sistemas, em inata ou inespecífica e adaptativa ou específica. A imunidade inata é a defesa predominante durante os estágios iniciais da infecção. As respostas inespecíficas estão presentes no local da infecção ou são ativadas rapidamente por numerosos estímulos e não aumentam pela exposição repetida ao mesmo agente etiológico. O primeiro obstáculo enfrentado por um patógeno para adentrar o úbere é composto pela barreira formada pelo esfíncter do teto e pelo tampão de queratina formado pelo epitélio queratinizado. Uma vez que o microrganismo tenha atravessado o canal do teto e alcançado a cisterna mamária, passam a atuar diversos fatores solúveis e celulares. Dentre os fatores solúveis, estão presentes: lactoperoxidase, sistema complemento, citocinas, lactoferrina, lisozima e NAGase. As defesas celulares inespecíficas na glândula mamária são representadas pelos neutrófilos, pelos macrófagos e pelas células natural killer. Na medida em que esses mecanismos funcionam adequadamente, a maioria dos patógenos será rapidamente eliminada antes que o sistema imune específico seja ativado, sem resultar em alterações na quantidade ou qualidade do leite produzido. Uma melhor compreensão sobre os mecanismos de defesa da glândula mamária e suas alterações durante os períodos críticos da infecção é imprescindível para o desenvolvimento de métodos mais eficazes de profilaxia e controle da mastite, a principal doença dos ruminantes leiteiros. O presente estudo revisou os principais aspectos responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento da imunidade inata na glândula mamária bovina.The immunity in the mammary gland can be, as in other systems, classified in innate or adaptive immunity. The innate immunity is the predominant defense during the initial periods of infection. The non-specifics answers are present or are quickly activated in the

Influence of bacteriocins produced by Lactobacillus plantarum BN in the shelf-life of refrigerated bovine meat Influência de bacteriocinas produzidas por Lactobacillus plantarum BN na vida útil de carne bovina refrigerada

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Ângela M. Fiorentini

2001-03-01

Full Text Available Sugar cane molasses is a cheap by-product of the sugar cane industry. This product was used for growth and production of bacteriocins by Lactobacillus plantarum BN and evaluated for its potential application in the extension of the shelf-life of raw meat. Bovine meat cubes were dipped in the filtered and neutralized supernatant of the fermented broth (Treatment A and stored at 5ºC. Counts of psychrotrophic and mesophilic aerobic microorganisms, pH determination and total acidity were performed on meat cubes after 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days. These determinations were also done in cubes dipped in a 6% lactic acid solution (treatment B and distilled water (treatment C. After 3 days, the counts of psychrotrophic microorganisms in cubes submitted to treatment A, B and C increased 0.38, 1.42 and 2.04 log cycles, respectively. The same happened with mesophilic microorganisms (0.31, 0.33 and 1.04 log cycles increases, respectively. On the sixth day, the psychrotrophic population in samples submitted to treatments A and B were 2.07 and 0.64 log cycles, respectively, lower than in the control samples (treatment C. Mesophilic microorganisms in these samples were 1.58 and 1.12 log cycles, respectively, lower than the controls. On the sixth day, only samples submitted to treatment A presented lower counts than those recommended by ICMSF as quality standards for raw meat (Melaço de cana de açúcar é um sub-produto barato da indústria açucareira. Esse produto foi empregado para o crescimento e produção de bacteriocina de Lactobacillus plantarum BN e avaliado quando a sua aplicação potencial no aumento da vida útil de carne crua. Cubos de carne bovina foram imersos por 5 minutos no sobrenadante filtrado e neutralizado dessa cultura (Tratamento A e mantidos a 5ºC. Contagens de microrganismos psicrotróficos e mesófilos, determinação de pH e de acidez total foram realizadas nas amostras após 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 e 15 dias. Essas determinações foram

Rapid detection of Cu(2+) by a paper-based microfluidic device coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA)-Au nanoclusters.

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Fang, Xueen; Zhao, Qianqian; Cao, Hongmei; Liu, Juan; Guan, Ming; Kong, Jilie

2015-11-21

In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA)-Au nanoclusters were used to coat a paper-based microfluidic device. This device acted as a Cu(2+) biosensor that showed fluorescence quenching on detection of copper ions. The detection limit of this sensor could be adjusted by altering the water absorbing capacity of the device. Qualitative and semi-quantitative results could be obtained visually without the aid of any advanced instruments. This sensor could test Cu(2+) rapidly with high specificity and sensitivity, which would be useful for point-of-care testing (POCT).

Comportamento da condutividade elétrica e do conteúdo de cloretos do leite como métodos auxiliares de diagnóstico na mastite subclínica bovina Electrical conductivity and chloride concentration of milk as auxiliary diagnostic methods in bovine subclinical mastitis

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Luiz Francisco Zafalon

2005-09-01

Full Text Available Foram estudadas as provas de condutividade elétrica, utilizando-se um medidor manual, e do conteúdo de cloretos do leite como métodos auxiliares para o diagnóstico da mastite subclínica bovina na identificação de quartos mamários doentes em que Staphylococcus aureus e microrganismos do grupo Corynebacterium foram isolados posteriormente. Os exames foram realizados durante o período de dois anos, em animais da raça Holandesa, em propriedade rural produtora de leite do tipo C, onde a ordenha era realizada uma vez ao dia. A sensibilidade das provas de condutividade elétrica e do conteúdo de cloretos do leite originado dos quartos mamários em que foram isolados o Corynebacterium sp (65,3% e 78,3%, respectivamente foi superior à encontrada para os quartos mamários em que o Staphylococcus aureus foi identificado (55,4% e 68,2%, respectivamente. As eficiências das duas provas diagnósticas foram semelhantes. Foi demonstrada significância estatística nas análises de regressão das duas provas acompanhadas para os quartos mamários sadios e quartos com mastite subclínica por Staphylococcus aureus.Electrical conductivity measured by a hand-held meter and chloride concentration of milk were studied as auxiliary methods for diagnosis of bovine subclinical mastitis in the identification of affected mammary quarters where Staphylococcus aureus and Corynebacterium sp were later isolated. Tests were made during 2 years in Holstein cows of a dairy farm producing type C milk, where milking was performed once a day. Sensitivities of electrical conductivity and chloride concentration tests from mammary quarters, where Corynebacterium sp was isolated (65.3% and 78.3%, respectively, were superior to the found in mammary quarters where S. aureus was identified (55.4% and 68.2%, respectively. The efficacies of the two diagnostic tests were similar. Statistical significance was demonstrated with regression analysis of both tests of healthy mammary

Primeiro relato no Brasil de mastite necrótica bovina por Clostridium perfringens tipo A First report in Brazil of bovine necrotic mastitis due to Clostridium perfringens type A

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Luciana Aramuni Gonçalves

2006-08-01

Full Text Available Relata-se o primeiro caso no Brasil de mastite bovina por Clostridium perfringens tipo A. O quadro clínico caracterizou-se por necrose da papila mamária e porção ventral do quarto afetado. O agente foi isolado em cultura pura e identificado como tipo A por PCR a partir do leite do quarto mamário afetado.This report describes a case of bovine mastitis due to Clostridium perfringens type A for first time in Brazil. The unical case showed necrosis of papilla mammary and ventral portion of the affected quarter. The microorganism was isolated in pure culture and identified as type A by PCR from milk of the affected mammary quarter.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus causing bovine mastitis in Argentine dairy herds Sensibilidad a los antimicrobianos de Staphylococcus aureus causantes de mastitis bovina en rodeos lecheros de Argentina

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N.B. Russi

2008-06-01

Full Text Available We assessed the in vitro activity of selected antimicrobial agents against 95 Staphylococcus aureus strains causing both clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis belonging to 61 dairy farms from the Central dairy area of Argentina. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs of penicillin, oxacillin, gentamicin, erythromycin, enrofloxacin and florfenicol were estimated. In addition, the agar diffusion test was performed. MIC50 and MIC90 were as follows: penicillin, 0.05 and 4 µg/ml; oxacillin, 0.25 and 0.25 µg/ml; gentamicin, 0.25 and 0.5 µg/ml; erythromycin 0.125 and 0.25 µg/ml; enrofloxacin 0.25 and 0.5 µg/ml, and florfenicol 4 and 8 µg/ml. b-lactamase activity was detected in 89% of 46 penicillin- resistant strains. Apart from penicillin, antimicrobial resistance in S. aureus causing bovine mastitis remains rare in Argentine dairy farms.Se evaluó la actividad in vitro de un grupo seleccionado de antimicrobianos contra 95 aislamientos de Staphylococcus aureus obtenidos de casos de mastitis bovina clínica y subclínica, en 61 rodeos lecheros de la cuenca central de Argentina. Fueron estimadas las concentraciones inhibitorias mínimas (CIM de penicilina, oxacilina, gentamicina, eritromicina, enrofloxacina y florfenicol. Además se realizó la prueba de difusión en agar. Las CIM50 y CIM90 obtenidas fueron: penicilina 0,05 y 4 µg/ml; oxacilina 0,25 y 0,25 µg/ml; gentamicina 0,25 y 0,5 µg/ml; eritromicina 0,125 y 0,25 µg/ml; enrofloxacina 0,25 y 0,5 µg/ml y florfenicol 4 y 8 µg/ml. Se detectó actividad de b-lactamasa en el 89% de las cepas resistentes a la penicilina. A excepción de lo observado para penicilina, la resistencia a los antimicrobianos en S. aureus causantes de mastitis bovina en Argentina parece ser un fenómeno poco frecuente.

Savinase action on bovine serum albumin (BSA) monolayers demonstrated with measurements at the air-water interface and liquid Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) imaging

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Balashev, Konstantin; Callisen, Thomas H; Svendsen, Allan

2011-01-01

We studied the enzymatic action of Savinase on bovine serum albumin (BSA) organized in a monolayer spread at the air/water interface or adsorbed at the mica surface. We carried out two types of experiments. In the first one we followed the degradation of the protein monolayer by measuring....... In both cases we obtained an estimate for the turnover number (TON) of the enzyme reaction....

Okara, a soymilk industry by-product, as a non-meat protein source in reduced fat beef burgers Okara, um sub-produto da indústria de leite de soja, como fonte de proteína não cárnea em hambúrguer bovino com reduzido teor de gordura

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Simone Ing Tie Su

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Okara is a by-product generated during the manufacture of soymilk and tofu. Wet okara was added to beef burgers at 0%, 20%, and 25%. The effects of okara on certain physicochemical, textural, and sensory properties of reduced fat beef burgers were investigated. The beef burgers formulated with okara (104.0-106.0 kcal/100 g had 60% less calories than commercial beef burgers (268.8 kcal/100 g. The texture profile analysis showed that the addition of wet okara led to a significant increase in hardness (p Okara é o subproduto gerado na fabricação de leite de soja ou tofu. Okara úmido foi adicionado em hambúrguer de carne bovina nas concentrações de 0%, 20% e 25%. A influência da adição de okara em 0%, 20% e 25% sobre certas propriedades físico-químicas, de textura e sensoriais em hambúrgueres bovinos com reduzido teor de gordura foi investigada. Os hambúrgueres formulados com okara (104,0-106,0 kcal/100 g apresentaram 60% menos calorias do que hambúrgueres comerciais de carne bovina (268,8 kcal/100 g. A análise do perfil de textura mostrou que o aumento da concentração de okara foi acompanhado por um aumento de dureza (p < 0,05, com concomitante diminuição dos valores de mastigabilidade, elasticidade e coesividade. Notas sensoriais significativamente mais baixas (p < 0,05 para sabor foram observadas nos hambúrgueres contendo 25% de okara úmido. No entanto, os resultados da análise sensorial mostraram que a suculência, aparência, maciez e aceitabilidade geral dos hambúgueres formulados com okara não diferiram estatisticamente do controle (0% okara. Okara úmido a 20% pode ser utilizado como fonte de proteína não cárnea para a produção de hambúrguer bovino com gordura reduzida sem alterar a sua qualidade sensorial.

Cu(II Complexes of Isoniazid Schiff Bases: DNA/BSA Binding and Cytotoxicity Studies on A549 Cell Line

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Pulipaka Ramadevi

2014-01-01

Full Text Available A series of isonicotinoyl hydrazones have been synthesized via template method and were complexed to Cu(II. The ligands are coordinated to Cu(II ion through the enolic oxygen and azomethine nitrogen resulting in a square planar geometry. The CT-DNA and bovine serum albumin binding propensities of the compounds were determined spectrophotometrically, the results of which indicate good binding propensity of complexes to DNA and BSA with high binding constant values. Furthermore, the compounds have been investigated for their cytotoxicities on A549 human lung cancer cell. Also the mode of cell death was examined employing various staining techniques and was found to be apoptotic.

Establishment and classification of dairy cow podal diseases at Itapecuru Mirim dairy basin, State of Mara tate Maranhão, Brazil Prevalência e classificação de afecções podais em fêmeas bovinas destinadas à produção de leite na bacia leiteira do município de Itapecuru Mirim-MA

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Porfírio Candanedo Guerra

2008-12-01

Full Text Available The predominance and clinical classification of the hoof diseases was studied in dairy cows at Itapecuru Mirim dairy basin, MA. The observations were done during the visits to the milk farms previously registered. The animals were identified by individual questionnaires for detection of claudication. The animal with difficulty in the locomotion were contended for digit cleaning and subsequent evaluation, considering the affected podal area. Data were grouped and submitted to the statistical analysis. The predominance in cows was of 5.08% and exclusively among the lactating cows, of 17.50%. Higher frequency of females with hoof illnesses was detected from 3 to 7 years. Out of all hoof affections, the sole bump (17.12%, claw deformity (14.71%, sole ulcer (14.11% and heel erosion (12.61% were the most incident. The anatomical region of the digits more attacked was to sole (30.74%. The digits of the subsequent members were the most affected, mainly the lateral. The lateral digits of the subsequent members also presented higher frequency of outstanding/grave/grave with infection scores regarding the other digits. Injuries digital represent a problem of great importance and high prevalence in the properties of the basin milk Itapecuru Mirim and the environmental characteristics are decisive for establishing diagnosis and controlling diseases.Objetivou-se relatar a prevalência e classificar clinicamente as afecções podais em fêmeas bovinas destinadas à produção de leite na bacia leiteira do município de Itapecuru Mirim-MA. As observações foram realizadas durante visitas a propriedades leiteiras previamente cadastradas, registrando-se os animais em fichas individuais, avaliando-os posteriormente quanto à claudicação. Os bovinos portadores de lesões podais foram contidos para limpeza dos dígitos e posterior avaliação, considerando a região podal comprometida. Os dados foram agrupados e submetidos à análise estatística. A preval

Revealing the glycation sites in synthetic neoglycoconjugates formed by conjugation of the antigenic monosaccharide hapten of Vibrio cholerae O1, serotype Ogawa with the BSA protein carrier using LC-ESI-QqTOF-MS/MS

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Jahouh, Farid; Saksena, Rina; Kováč, Pavol; Banoub, Joseph

2012-01-01

In this manuscript, we present the determination of glycation sites in synthetic neoglycoconjugates formed by conjugation of the antigenic monosaccharide hapten of Vibrio cholerae O1 serotype Ogawa to BSA using nano- liquid chromatography electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-ESI-QqTOF-MS/MS). The matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-TOF/TOF-MS/MS analyses of the tryptic digests of the glycoconjugates having a hapten:BSA ratio of 4.3:1, 6.6:1 and 13.2:1 revealed only three glycation sites, on the following lysine residues: Lys 235, Lys 437 and Lys 455. Digestion of the neoglycoconjugates with the proteases trypsin and GluC V8 gave complementary structural information and was shown to maximize the number of recognized glycation sites. Here, we report identification of 20, 27 and 33 glycation sites using LC-ESI-QqTOF-MS/MS analysis of a series of synthetic neoglycoconjugates with a hapten:BSA ratio of, respectively, 4.3:1, 6.6:1 and 13.2:1. We also tentatively propose that all the glycated lysine residues are located mainly near the outer surface of the protein. PMID:22791257

ANÁLISE MICROBIOLÓGICA DA CARNE DE JACARÉ DO PANTANAL (Caiman crocodilus yacare)

OpenAIRE

HOFFMANN,Fernando Leite; ROMANELLI,Pedro Fernando

1998-01-01

O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar o levantamento das características microbiológicas da carne do jacaré, através da detecção e/ou enumeração dos microrganismos mais comumente encontrados na carne. Pela inexistência de padrões na legislação brasileira para a carne de jacaré, os resultados foram comparados com os padrões microbiológicos existentes para carne bovina e pescado. Encontrou-se a presença de S. aureus e de Salmonella sp, resultados estes considerados insatisfatórios, o que nos per...

Desempenho e qualidade da carne de bovinos cruzados alimentados com diferentes dietas em confinamento

OpenAIRE

Silva, Maria Lígia Pacheco da [UNESP

2016-01-01

Com a alta demanda mundial de carne de qualidade, a utilização de cruzamento entre raças e de dieta com teores elevados de energia são estratégias que podem ser utilizadas visando à melhorias na eficiência do sistema de produção de carne bovina e na qualidade do produto final. Assim, o objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho (pesos, ganhos em peso, consumo de matéria seca, eficiência alimentar e dias em confinamento), características de carcaça (peso e rendimento de carcaça fri...

Reactivity of cosmetic UV filters towards skin proteins: model studies with Boc-lysine, Boc-Gly-Phe-Gly-Lys-OH, BSA and gelatin.

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Stiefel, C; Schwack, W

2014-12-01

Organic UV filters are used as active ingredients in most sunscreens and also in a variety of daily care products. Their good (photo) stability is of special interest to guarantee protective function and to prevent interactions with the human skin. Due to the mostly electrophilic character of the UV filters, reactions with nucleophilic protein moieties like lysine side chains are conceivable. Prior studies showed that the UV filters octocrylene (OCR), butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (BM-DBM), ethylhexyl salicylate (EHS), ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (EHMC), benzophenone-3 (BP-3), ethylhexyl triazone (EHT) and dibenzoylmethane (DBM) were able to covalently bind to an HPTLC amino phase and the amino acid models ethanolamine and butylamine after slightly heating and/or radiation. Boc-protected lysine, the tetrapeptide Boc-Gly-Phe-Gly-Lys-OH, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and porcine gelatin were used as more complex models to determine the reactivity of the mentioned UV filters towards skin proteins under thermal or UV irradiation conditions. After gentle heating at 37°C, benzophenone imines were identified as reaction products of BP-3 and OCR with Boc-lysine and the tetrapeptide, whereas DBM and BM-DBM yielded enamines. For EHMC, a Michael-type reaction occurred, which resulted in addition of Boc-lysine or the tetrapeptide to the conjugated double bond. Ester aminolysis of EHS and EHT mainly afforded the corresponding amides. Reactions of the UV filters with BSA changed the UV spectrum of BSA, generally associated with an increase of the absorption strength in the UVA or UVB range. For all protein models, the UV filters showed an increasing reactivity in the order EHT < EHMC < EHS < BP-3 < OCR < DBM < BM-DBM. Especially the UV absorbers BM-DBM, OCR and BP-3, which are seen as common allergens or photoallergens, showed a high reactivity towards the different skin protein models. As the formation of protein adducts is recognized as important key element in the induction of

RECUENTO DE COLIFORMES Y Escherichia coli EN CANALES BOVINAS SOMETIDAS A TRATAMIENTOS FÍSICOS Y QUÍMICOS

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EDUARDO JAVID CORPAS-IGUARÁN

Full Text Available Se evaluó el recuento de coliformes totales y Escherichia coli en canales bovinas sometidas a diferentes tratamientos que incluyeron combinaciones de los métodos de lavado, desinfección y vaporización, utilizando el diseño completamente aleatorizado de un factor con 3 repeticiones. El muestreo se realizó mediante frotis de superficie en tres áreas diferentes de la muestra (espalda, pecho y anca, que fueron posteriormente analizadas mediante el método de recuento en placa. Al aplicar secuencialmente los métodos de remoción microbiana se apreció la disminución progresiva en el recuento de coliformes totales y E. coli, y en la variabilidad de los datos, principalmente en los tratamientos C, D y E. La prueba de contrastes múltiples de Friedman mostró la inexistencia de diferencias estadísticas entre los recuentos de los tratamientos C y E en la muestra 2, indicando la ineficacia de la vaporización como coadyuvante de la acidificación para disminuir el recuento de los microorganismos de estudio. Las pruebas de comparación en muestras independientes mostraron resultados idénticos a la prueba de Friedman, excepto para el recuento de E. coli entre los tratamientos D y E, sugiriendo que la vaporización tiene efecto significativo para potenciar la disminución del recuento del microorganismo en las canales.

Seroprevalencia de babesiosis bovina en la hacienda Vegas de la Clara, Gómez Plata (Antioquia, 2008

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Richard Zapata Salas

2011-06-01

Full Text Available La babesiosis es una enfermedad del ganado bovino transmitida por la garrapata Rhipicephalus (Boophilus microplus y causada por los parásitos protozoarios Babesia bovis y B. bigemina. Una zona se considera epizootiológicamente estable frente a Babesia spp, cuando el 75% de los bovinos entre las edades de 3 a 9 meses son serorreactivos (IgG frente a Babesia bovis y Babesia bigemina y no hay evidencia de signos clínicos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la seroprevalencia de Babesia bovis y Babesia bigemina en el ganado bovino de la hacienda Vegas de la Clara (Universidad de Antioquia, Gómez Plata, Antioquia, por medio de inmunofluorescencia indirecta. Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo con análisis de corte transversal. Fue evaluada toda la población bovina de la hacienda Vegas de la Clara (n = 118. Las muestras fueron evaluadas por inmunofluorescencia indirecta para la detección de anticuerpos tipo IgG específicos contra Babesia bovis y B. bigemina. La serorreactividad obtenida en los bovinos evaluados, para al menos una especie de Babesia fue del 89,8%, para Babesia bovis del 83,8%, mientras que para B. bigemina del 61%. Se obtuvo una relación estadísticamente significativa entre la serorreactividad para B. bigemina y la frecuencia del tratamiento garrapaticida. La serorreactividad indica estabilidad enzoótica en el hato para B. bovis, mientras que para B. bigemina se encontró que la frecuencia del tratamiento garrapaticida interrumpe su ciclo de transmisión.

Níveis de resíduos de praguicidas organoclorados em produtos cárneos sob inspeção federal Levels of organochlorine pesticide residue in meat products inspected by the federal government

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João Pessoa de Paula Carvalho

1980-09-01

Full Text Available Com objetivo de evidenciar a freqüência e os níveis de resíduos de praguiddas organoclorados, foram analisadas 445 unidades amostrais de matéria prima (gordura bovina provenientes de carcaças de bovinos de frigoríficos e 132 unidades amostrais de carne bovina já processada (enlatados, tais como "corned beef" e "roast beef". Apresentaram-se com resíduos de praguicidas acima dos limites de tolerância estipulados, 77 unidades amostrais de gordura bovina e 5 de produto processado. Resíduos de praguiddas, sem contudo ultrapassar os limites de tolerância, foram identificados em, praticamente, todas as amostras, sendo que 27% das unidades amostrais de gordura bovina e 10,6% de produto processado apresentaram resíduos de praguicidas em violação aos limites estabelecidos na legislação. Heptacloro, BHC e Dieldrin foram os praguiddas mais freqüentes e Lindane e DDT os menos evidenciados.To bring attention to the frequency and the levels of organochlorine pesticide residue in meat, 445 samples of raw material (bovine fat from bovine carcasses collected from meat packing plants and 132 samples of preserved meat (canned, such as corned or roast beef were analyzed. Seventy-seven samples of bovine fat and 8 of preserved meat were discovered to have pesticide residue above the maximum acceptable limits. Pesticide residue was found in practically all the samples without, however, exceeding the acceptable limits. Twenty-seven percent of the bovine fat samples and 10.6% of the preserved meat contained residue above the legal tolerance levels. Heptachlor, BHC, and Dieldrin were the most frequent; Lindane and DDT, the least.

A rapid and sensitive diagnosis of bovine leukaemia virus infection using the nested shuttle polymerase chain reaction Diagnóstico rápido e sensível da infecção com o vírus da Leucemia Bovina através de Shuttle Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction

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Ester T. González

1999-04-01

Full Text Available Bovine leukaemia virus (BLV is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL. In Argentina, where a program to eradicate EBL has been introduced, sensitive and reliable diagnosis has attained high priority. Although the importance of the agar gel immunodiffusion test remains unchanged for routine work, an additional diagnostic technique is necessary to confirm cases of sera with equivocal results or of calves carrying maternal antibodies.Utilizing a nested shuttle polymerase chain reaction, the proviral DNA was detected from cows experimentally infected with as little as 5 ml of whole blood from BLV seropositive cows that were nonetheless normal in haematological terms. It proved to be a very sensitive technique, since it rapidly revealed the presence of the provirus, frequently at 2 weeks postinoculation and using a two-round procedure of nested PCR taking only 3 hours. Additionally, the primers used flanked a portion of the viral genome often employed to differentiate BLV type applying BamHI digestion. It is concluded that this method might offer a highly promising diagnostic tool for BLV infection.O Vírus da leucemia bovina (BLV é o agente causal da Leucose Enzoótica Bovina (EBL. Na Argentina, iniciou-se um programa de erradicação da EBL. Neste estágio, é prioritário possuir uma ferramenta de diagnóstico confiável. Embora seja indiscutível a importância do teste de agar gel imunodifusão, empregado rotineiramente no diagnóstico serológico da EBL, faz-se necessária uma técnica de diagnóstico adicional capaz de confirmar os resultados duvidosos. Foi possivel detectar ADN proviral aplicando Nested-PCR em novilhos experimentalmente infectados com pequenas doses de sangue total (5ml obtidas de um bovino BLV soropositivo. Esta técnica, cujo procedimento leva 3 horas, demonstrou ser muito sensível, uma vez que foi capaz de detectar a presença do provirus duas semanas após a inoculação. Os primers utilizados são os que

Interaction of amidated single-walled carbon nanotubes with protein by multiple spectroscopic methods

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Li, Lili [China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009 (China); The Nursing College of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000 (China); Lin, Rui [Yancheng Health Vocational and Technical College, Yancheng 224005 (China); He, Hua, E-mail: dochehua@163.com [China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009 (China); Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009 (China); Sun, Meiling, E-mail: sml-nir@sohu.com [China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009 (China); Jiang, Li; Gao, Mengmeng [China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009 (China)

2014-01-15

The aim of this work was to investigate the detailed interaction between BSA and amidated single walled carbon nanotubes (e-SWNTs) in vitro. Ethylenediamine (EDA) was successfully linked on the surface of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) via acylation to improve their dispersion and to introduce active groups. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was selected as the template protein to inspect the interaction of e-SWNTs with protein. Decreases in fluorescence intensity of BSA induced by e-SWNTs demonstrated the occurrence of interaction between BSA and e-SWNTs. Quenching parameters and different absorption spectra for e-SWNTs–BSA show that the quenching effect of e-SWNTs was static quenching. Hydrophobic force had a leading contribution to the binding roles of BSA on e-SWNTs, which was confirmed by positive enthalpy change and entropy change. The interference of Na{sup +} with the quenching effect of e-SWNTs authenticated that electrostatic force existed in the interactive process simultaneously. The hydrophobicity of amino acid residues markedly increased with the addition of e-SWNTs viewed from UV spectra of BSA. The content of α-helix structure in BSA decreased by 6.8% due to the addition of e-SWNTs, indicating that e-SWNTs have an effect on the secondary conformation of BSA. -- Highlights: • The interaction between e-SWNTs and BSA was investigated by multiple spectroscopic methods. • Quenching mechanism was static quenching. • Changes in structure of BSA were inspected by synchronous fluorescence, UV–vis and CD spectrum.

Efeito do pH e da hidrólise tríptica sobre as propriedades emulsionantes da globina bovina The effect of the pH and the tryptic hydrolysis on the emulsifying properties of bovine globin

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Cleia Batista Dias ORNELLAS

2001-01-01

Full Text Available No intuito de estudar o efeito do pH e da ação da tripsina sobre as propriedades emulsionantes da globina bovina, extraída pelo método da acetona acidificada, foram determinados neste trabalho, a capacidade emulsionante (EC, o índice de atividade emulsionante (EAI e a estabilidade da emulsão (ES. Testaram-se os valores de pH de 3,0 a 8,0 e os tempos de hidrólise de 5,0 a 60 min. Os dados obtidos indicam que os maiores valores de EC e ES foram obtidos no pH 5,0 e 6,0, respectivamente, correspondente à faixa de alta solubilidade da proteína. Por outro lado, o EAI, além de apresentar um máximo no pH 3,0, foi igualmente elevado nos valores de pH 7,0 e 8,0, situados na zona onde a globina é praticamente insolúvel. A hidrólise tríptica, nas condições empregadas, contribuiu para melhorar a EC, em toda a faixa de pH estudada, enquanto que para o EAI somente foi benéfico em pH 4,0 e 5,0. No caso da ES, este tratamento enzimático não foi vantajoso, promovendo melhoras apenas no pH 7,0, onde a proteína é insolúvel, e somente após 60 min de hidrólise.The effect of the pH and of the trypsin on the emulsifying properties of bovine globin, extracted by the acidified acetone method, was studied. The emulsifying capacity (EC, the emulsifying activity index (EAI and the emulsion stability (ES were determined at pH varying from 3.0 to 8.0 and employing hydrolysis times from 5 to 60 min. The highest vaules for EC and ES were obtained at pH 5.0 and 6.0, respectively, corresponding to the range of large protein solubility. On the other hand, the EAI was higher at pH 3.0 and also at pH 7.0 and 8.0, where the protein is insoluble. The tryptic hydrolysis produced an increase in EC, in all pH ranges studied, while for the EAI the same effect was observed only in pH 4.0 and 5.0, and for ES at pH 7.0 after 60 min of hydrolysis.

Tuberculose bovina no Estado da Paraíba: estudo retrospectivo Bovine tuberculosis in the state of Paraíba: retrospective survey

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Salomão M. Figueiredo

2010-09-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a frequência de propriedades positivas (focos e de animais positivos para a tuberculose bovina no Estado da Paraíba. Foram utilizados dados da Agência de Defesa Agropecuária do Estado, coletados de suas 23 microrregiões, durante o período de janeiro de 2008 a julho de 2009. Durante esse período, foram examinadas 10.963 propriedades e 54.472 bovinos foram submetidos ao teste de tuberculinização. Para o diagnóstico foi utilizada, como prova de triagem, a tuberculinização cervical simples para gado de leite e a tuberculinização na prega caudal para gado de corte; como prova confirmatória foi utilizada a tuberculinização cervical comparativa. Uma propriedade foi considerada foco quando apresentou pelo menos um animal soropositivo. Das propriedades investigadas, 62 (0,57% apresentaram pelo menos um animal positivo e dos animais analisados, 136 (0,25% foram positivos. Houve diferença significativa (pThe aim of this study was to determine the frequency of positive herds (foci and positive animals for bovine tuberculosis in the state of Paraíba, Northeast region of Brazil. Data from the Agency of Agricultural Protection in the state, collected from its 23 microregions, during the January 2008 to July 2009 period, were used. During this period, 10,963 herds were examined and 54,472 cattle were submitted to the tuberculin test. For diagnosis the cervical and caudal-fold tuberculin tests were used as screening tests in dairy and beef cattle, respectively; as confirmatory test, comparative cervical test was used. A herd was considered focus when presented at least one positive animal. Of the herds investigated, 62 (0.57% had at least one positive animal, and of the animals examined, 136 (0.25% were positive. There was significant difference (p<0.001 in the proportion of positivity for females (0.32% and males (0.04%. Despite low frequency of foci of brucellosis and seropositive animals, it is

The influence of salt type on the retention of bovine serum albumin in ion-exchange chromatography

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Al-Jibbouri, Sattar

2007-01-01

In this paper, an analysis of the influence of the salt types, NaCl, NaCH"3COO, Na"2SO"4 and Na"3C"6H"5O"7, on the isocratic retention behaviour of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on two anion-exchangers media (Source 30Q and TSK Gel Super Q 5 PW) has been presented. The retention data demonstrated...

Larger red-shift in optical emissions obtained from the thin films of globular proteins (BSA, lysozyme) – polyelectrolyte (PAA) complexes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Talukdar, Hrishikesh [Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati 781035, Assam (India); Kundu, Sarathi, E-mail: sarathi.kundu@gmail.com [Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati 781035, Assam (India); Basu, Saibal [Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085 (India)

2016-09-30

Graphical abstract: Thin films of protein-polyelectrolyte complexes show larger red-shift in optical emission. - Highlights: • Globular proteins (lysozyme and BSA) and polyelectrolyte (sodium polyacrylic acid) are used to form protein-polyelectrolyte complexes (PPC). • Larger red-shift in optical emission is obtained from the thin films of PPC. • Red-shift is not obtained from the solution of PPC and pure protein thin films. • Larger red-shift from PPC films is due to the energy dissipation as non-radiative form through interactions with nearby atoms. • Red-shift in optical emission is independent on the thickness of the PPC film. - Abstract: Globular proteins (lysozyme and BSA) and polyelectrolyte (sodium polyacrylic acid) are used to form protein-polyelectrolyte complexes (PPC). Out-of-plane structures of ≈30–60 nm thick PPC films and their surface morphologies have been studied by using X-ray reflectivity and atomic force microscopy, whereas optical behaviors of PPC and protein conformations have been studied by using UV–vis, photoluminescence and FTIR spectroscopy respectively. Our study reveals that thin films of PPC show a larger red-shift of 23 and 16 nm in the optical emissions in comparison to that of pure protein whereas bulk PPC show a small blue-shift of ≈3 nm. A small amount of peak-shift is found to occur due to the heat treatment or concentration variation of the polyelectrolyte/protein in bulk solution but cannot produce such film thickness independent larger red-shift. Position of the emission peak remains nearly unchanged with the film thickness. Mechanism for such larger red-shift has been proposed.

Synthesis, spectroscopic studies, DFT calculations, electrochemical evaluation, BSA binding and molecular docking of an aroylhydrazone -based cis-dioxido Mo(VI) complex

Science.gov (United States)

Mohamadi, Maryam; Faghih-Mirzaei, Ehsan; Ebrahimipour, S. Yousef; Sheikhshoaie, Iran; Haase, Wolfgang; Foro, Sabine

2017-07-01

A cis-dioxido Mo(VI) complex, [MoO2(L)(MeOH)], [L2-: (3-methoxy-2-oxidobenzylidene) benzohydrazonate], has been synthesized and characterized using physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques including elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1HNMR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, molar conductivity and single crystal X-ray diffraction. DFT calculations in the ground state of the complex were carried out using hybrid functional B3LYP with DGDZVP as basis set. Non-linear optical properties including electric dipole moment (μ), polarizability (α) and molecular first hyperpolarizability (β) of the compound were also computed. The values of linear polarizability and first hyperpolarizability obtained for the studied molecule indicated that the compound could be a good candidate of nonlinear optical materials. TD-DFT calculation and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) were also performed. The thermodynamic properties (heat capacity, entropy, and enthalpy) of the complex at different temperatures have been calculated. The interaction of a synthesized complex, with bovine serum albumin was also thoroughly investigated using experimental and theoretical studies. UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence quenching techniques were used to determine the binding parameters as well as the mechanism of the interaction. The values of binding constants were in the range of 104-105 M-1 demonstrating a moderate interaction between the synthesized complex and BSA making the protein suitable for transportation and delivery of the compound. Thermodynamic parameters were also indicating a binding through van der Waals force or hydrogen bond of [MoO2(L)(MeOH)] to BSA. The results obtained from docking studies were consistent to those obtained from experimental studies.

Análise retrospectiva dos fatores associados à distribuição da tuberculose bovina no estado do Rio de Janeiro Retrospective analysis of the factors associated to the distribution of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Rio de Janeiro

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V.M. Oliveira

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Fatores associados à ocorrência da tuberculose bovina (TB, em dados de 209 fazendas, foram avaliados por meio de análise de variância. Os dados utilizados foram provenientes do levantamento epidemiológico por demanda, realizado nos rebanhos do estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período de 1959 até 1989. As variáveis significativas na análise bivariada foram incluídas no modelo e analisadas conjuntamente pelo método do modelo linear generalizado. A taxa de prevalência da TB nos rebanhos foi de 49,8%. As variáveis detectadas no estudo como as mais importantes para a ocorrência de TB foram: aleitamento (P=0,03 e as interações densidade x aleitamento (P=0,04 e produtividade x período (P=0,02. A importância da organização econômica da produção pecuária na ocorrência da TB pode ser evidenciada pelos resultados obtidos neste estudo. Este é um fator relevante em decorrência dos danos à saúde humana e animal.The factors associated to the occurrence of bovine tuberculosis (TB in 209 farms were evaluated by variance analysis. Data came were colleted in an epidemiological investigation from herds in the State of Rio de Janeiro, examined from 1959 to 1989. The significant variables were analyzed and submitted to generalized linear model. The prevalence rate of TB in herds was 49.8%. The most important variations detected in this study for occurrence of TB were: sucking (P=0.03 and interactions density vs. sucking system (P=0.04 and productivity vs. sucking period (P=0.02. The influence of the economical aspects of the farming systems on the occurrence of TB was confirmed by the results of this study. This is an important factor due to human and animal health hazards.

Pecuária Sustentável: Uma Alternativa Para a Conservação do Pantanal no Estado de Mato Grosso

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Helibera Rita Ramos Capistrano de Aquino

2015-07-01

Full Text Available O Pantanal é um importante bioma de Mato Grosso, cujas atividades antrópicas ameaçam seu equilíbrio natural, dentre elas o desenvolvimento da pecuária bovina expansiva e intensiva, com introdução de espécies de forrageiras exóticas, visando o aumento da produtividade. Este estudo objetivou, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, investigar a ameaça provocada pela expansão da pecuária bovina na região do pantanal Mato-grossense ao longo dos anos, assim como promover a discussão sobre alternativas viáveis para um modelo de desenvolvimento sustentável. A análise da expansão da atividade e revisão de estudos de viabilização do aproveitamento da vegetação nativa evidenciou que é possível minimizar os impactos negativos da pecuária bovina no Pantanal através do pastoreio aliado ao aproveitamento da pastagem nativa, a suplementação alimentar e o manejo adequado. Assim como a utilização de rebanho proveniente de melhoramento genético que se adapte às condições ambientais e a implementação de políticas públicas sobre a importância da conservação da biodiversidade no planejamento e construção de programas de incentivos.

Bisphosphonate-coated BSA nanoparticles lack bone targeting after systemic administration.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Guilin; Kucharski, Cezary; Lin, Xiaoyue; Uludağ, Hasan

2010-09-01

A polymeric conjugate of polyethyleneimine-graft-poly(ethylene glycol) and 2-(3-mercaptopropylsulfanyl)-ethyl-1,1-bisphosphonic acid (PEI-PEG-thiolBP) was prepared and used for surface coating of bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles (NPs) designed for bone-specific delivery of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). The NP coating was achieved with a dialysis and an evaporation method, and the obtained NPs were characterized by particle size, zeta-potential, morphology, and cytotoxicity in vitro. The particle size and surface charge of the NPs could be effectively tuned by the PEG and thiolBP substitution ratios of the conjugate, the coating method, and the polymer concentration used for coating. The PEG modification on PEI reduced the toxicity of PEI and the coated NPs, based on in vitro assessment with human C2C12 cells and rat bone marrow stromal cells. On the basis of an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) induction assay, the NP-encapsulated BMP-2 displayed full retention of its bioactivity, except for BMP-2 in PEI-coated NPs. By encapsulating (125)I-labeled BMP-2, the polymer-coated NPs were assessed for hydroxyapatite (HA) affinity; all NP-encapsulated BMP-2 showed significant affinity to HA as compared with free BMP-2 in vitro, and the PEI-PEG-thiolBP coated NPs improved the in vivo retention of BMP-2 compared with uncoated NPs. However, the biodistribution of NPs after intravenous injection in a rat model indicated no beneficial effects of thiolBP-coated NPs for bone targeting. Our results suggested that the BP-conjugated NPs are useful for localized delivery of BMP-2 in bone repair and regeneration, but they are not effective for bone targeting after intravenous administration.

Valores de referência e influência da idade no eritrograma de fêmeas bovinas da raça Aquitânica Reference values and age effect on the erythrogram of bovine females of the Aquitanian breed

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R.F. Dias Junior

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Determinaram-se os valores de referência e estudou-se a influência da idade sobre o eritrograma em fêmeas bovinas da raça Aquitânica. Amostras de sangue de 80 fêmeas bovinas, acima de 12 meses de idade, e não reagentes ao antígeno do vírus da leucose dos bovinos, foram colhidas utilizando-se EDTA como anticoagulante para realização das seguintes provas: contagem global das hemácias, determinação do volume globular, concentração de hemoglobina, cálculo dos índices hematimétricos absolutos - volume corpuscular médio (VCM, hemoglobina corpuscular média (HCM e concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média (CHCM. A idade exerceu influência significativa (PThe reference values and the influence of the age factor on the erytrogram in bovine females of the Aquitanian breed were evaluated. Blood samples of 80 healthy females, all tested negative for bovine leucose virus, were utilized for the analysis. Erythrocyte counts, determination of the packed cell volume, concentration of hemoglobin, calculation of hematimetric absolute rates of mean corpuscular volume (MCV, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC were evaluated. Significant influence (P<0.05 of age was observed for most of the hematological characteristics, with decreased of the number of erythrocytes and increase of packed cell volume, quantity of hemoglobin, MCV, MCH. The reference values were: erythrocytes counting 6.68±0.58×10(6/mm³, packed cell volume 41.2±4.5%, hemoglobin 12.8±1.31g/dl, VCM 61.83±6.54fl, HCM 19.28±2.25pg, CHCM 31.4±2.3%.

SEROPREVALENCIA DEL VIRUS DE LA LEUCOSIS VIRAL BOVINA EN ANIMALES CON TRASTORNOS REPRODUCTIVOS DE MONTERÍA

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César Betancur H

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Determinar la seroprevalencia de Leucosis Viral Bovina (LVB en animales con trastornos reproductivos. Materiales y métodos. Se recolectaron 137 muestras de sangre de hembras con antecedentes de infertilidad, pertenecientes a 28 fincas distribuidas en el municipio de Montería; adicionalmente, se obtuvieron muestras al azar de 26 toros pertenecientes a las mismas fincas que fueron analizadas para anticuerpos contra LVB. La técnica serológica empleada fue la prueba de ELISA. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo tabulando la información con datos de seropositividad y seronegatividad obtenidos de cada animal; los resultados se interpretaron de acuerdo a las variables: raza, edad, sexo, zona, tipo de explotación y evento o problema reproductivo detectado. Para determinar la asociación entre seropositividad y cada una de las variables se utilizó la prueba de c2. Resultados. Las pruebas arrojaron una seroprevalencia del 21% para LVB. No se encontraron diferencias significativas de prevalencia asociadas a las variables raza, edad o estado reproductivo de los animales (p³0.05, pero si entre la presencia de anticuerpos contra LVB y las variables zona, tipo de explotación y sexo. Conclusiones. Se demuestra la circulación del virus de la LVB en Montería, (Colombia. Se confirma la importancia de implementar un programa de control y prevención de la diseminación de la infección, con el fin de evitar las pérdidas económicas asociadas, y dentro de lo posible, la eliminación de los especímenes seropositivos para lograr la erradicación de la infección en esta zona del país.

Innovación en valor en la industria cárnica bovina mexicana: estrategias que adoptan los líderes de mercado

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María Guadalupe López Palacios

2010-01-01

Full Text Available En este artículo se presentan los resultados del análisis de las estrategias de innovación en valor que permiten el posicionamiento competitivo de las empresas cárnicas mexicanas líderes de mercado en carne de bovino. Con base en la metodología propuesta por W. C. Kim y R. Mauborgne (2005, conocida como la estrategia del océano azul, se diseñaron nueve categorías con sus respectivas variables para la construcción de los mapas estratégicos de diez empresas seleccionadas. En los mapas se muestran los rubros en que más invierte la industria cárnica bovina en México: los factores de la producción animal que inciden directamente en la calidad de la carne (raza, edad, peso, finalización, la presentación del producto y la diversificación de mercados. Sin embargo, lo que distingue a estas empresas es la forma en que integran su cadena productiva, la gama de productos que ofrecen, los programas y certificaciones en materia de inocuidad que han aplicado u obtenido, los servicios que ofrecen a sus clientes, y las estrategias de mercado que emplean.

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY KINETICS OF MEDICINAL PLANTS EXTRACTS AGAINST CINÉTICA DA ATIVIDADE ANTIBACTERIANA IN VITRO DE EXTRATOS NATURAIS FRENTE A MICRORGANISMOS RELACIONADOS À MASTITE BOVINA

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Letícia De Toni

2008-04-01

Full Text Available The subject of this paper is to test antimicrobials activities by medicinal plants extracts against more important contagious bovine mastitis pathogens. Disinfectants solutions was made from Baccharis trimera (Less D.C., Compositae (Asteracea, Eucalyptus spp Labill., Myrtaceae e Tagetes minuta (Linn., Compositae (Asteracea plants by hidroalcoholic extraction (EHA or decoction (DEC. S. aureus, S. agalactiae, and P. aeruginosa were used. To test for in vitro efficacy, each solution disinfectant was mixed with bacterial suspension containing 105 CFU.mL-1, by 30 seconds, two, 10 ant 30 minutes, with and without 20% of integral milk. Viable bacteria were evaluated by directed plating of neutralized aliquots. The worked included chlorhexidine 0,18% by control and it was executed in duplicate. EHA Eucalytpus spp and EHA T. minuta were as effective as control chlorhexidine against S. aureus. This solutions plus EHA B. trimera, were as effective as control against S. agalactiae. DEC Eucalyptus and DEC B. trimera also inactivated S. agalactiae in more prolongated time. Chlorhexidine was the best against P. multocida in milk absence, although the EHA were effective at ten or thirty minutes. All solutions, inclusive control, it was sensibility to organic load. The observations from the in vitro studies presented here need to be substantiated by in vivo studies by to confirm the potentiality use of plants medicinal extracts as disinfectants/antisepsis in livestock health. O presente trabalho busca avaliar a cinética da atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de plantas medicinais frente a bactérias relacionadas com mastite bovina. Para tal, foram produzidas soluções desinfetantes a partir de folhas e talos de Baccharis trimera (Less D.C., Compositae (Asteraceae, Eucalyptus spp Labill., Myrtaceae e Tagetes minuta (Linn., Compositae (Asteraceae, através de extração hidroalcoólica (EHA e decocto (DEC. Os microrganismos utilizados foram S. aureus, S

MÉTODO SIMPLES PARA ESTIMAR ENCURTAMENTO PELO FRIO EM CARNE BOVINA A SIMPLE METHOD TO ESTIMATE COLD SHORTENING IN BEEF

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Riana Jordão Barrozo Heinemann

2002-04-01

Full Text Available É bem conhecido o fato de que o encurtamento pelo frio pode influenciar negativamente a textura da carne. Por isso, a determinação do grau de contração do tecido muscular é um recurso analítico de grande importância quando se estuda a otimização dos procedimentos industriais. Neste trabalho, foram avaliadas comparativamente duas metodologias de microscopia. Para isso, os músculos Biceps femoris, Longissimus dorsi e Semimembranosus obtidos de nove carcaças bovinas com três diferentes graus de acabamento foram analisados de forma pareada por ambos os métodos. O músculo Longissimus dorsi apresentou menor comprimento de sarcômero e o m. Semimembranosus o maior (p0,05, revelando a possibilidade de emprego do método mais simples.The negative influence of cold shortening on meat texture is well known. Because of that, the determination of the muscle contraction extent represents an important analytical tool for the optimization of the industrial procedures. In this work, two methodologies to evaluate cold shortening were compared. Biceps femoris, Longissimus dorsi and Semimembranosus muscles from 9 cattle carcasses with three different fat thickness grades were paired analyzed by both methodologies. Longissimus dorsi muscle showed the shortest sarcomere length while Semimembranosus m. showed the longest one (p0.05, which suggests the possibility of using the simpler method for cold shortening evaluation.

Evaluación de la tasa de concepción de tres razas bovinas receptoras de embriones en el Trópico Alto

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Oscar Orlando Farfan-Rojas

2015-04-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio se realizó con el fin de evaluar la eficiencia reproductiva, medida en porcentaje de novillas preñadas, de tres razas bovinas, como receptoras de embriones. En el altiplano Cundiboyacense se han realizado pocos estudios tendientes a determinar cuáles razas, aptas para el medio, son las que pueden brindar mejores tasas de concepción, como receptoras, en transferencia de embriones. Los resultados se sometieron a un análisis estadístico descriptivo, utilizando los programas Excel y Minitab (Chi cuadrado x2, con variables de tipo cuantitativo. La selección de receptoras se hizo con base en la calidad de cuerpo lúteo, normalidad del tracto reproductivo, CC entre 2 y 3 en una escala de 1 (muy flaca a 5 (cebada. La transferencia de embriones se realizó por el método no quirúrgico y se obtuvo un porcentaje de gestación en la raza Normando de 63%; en la Holstein, de 55.5%, y en la raza Brangus, de 44.4%. El protocolo utilizado fue Ovisynch, y los embriones transferidos fueron congelados y descongelados para el momento de transferirlos.

Exploration of zwitterionic cellulose acetate antifouling ultrafiltration membrane for bovine serum albumin (BSA) separation.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Yang; Huang, Haitao; Huo, Pengfei; Gu, Jiyou

2017-06-01

This study focused on the preparation of a new kind of membrane material, zwitterionic cellulose acetate (ZCA), via a three-step procedure consist of oxidization, Schiff base and quaternary amination reaction, and the fabrication of antifouling ZCA ultrafiltration membrane by the non-solvent-induced phase separation method (NIPS). The morphologies, surface chemical structures and compositions of the obtained CA and ZCA membranes were thoroughly characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. Meanwhile, the thermal stability, porosity and average pore size of two investigated membranes were also studied. As a result, the ZCA membrane displayed significantly improved hydrophilicity and water permeability compared with those of the reference CA membrane, despite a slight decrease in the protein rejection ratio. According to the cycle ultrafiltration performance of bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution and protein adsorption experiment, ZCA membrane exhibited better flux recovery property and fouling resistant ability, especially irreversible fouling resistant ability, suggesting superior antifouling performance. This new approach gives polymer-based membrane a long time life and excellent ultrafiltration performance, and seems promising for potential applications in the protein separation. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Espessura da lâmina de cisalhamento na avaliação instrumental da textura da carne Shear blade thickness in the instrumental evaluation of meat texture

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Marcos Franke Pinto

2010-06-01

Full Text Available A padronização da textura é um dos principais problemas relacionados à qualidade da carne bovina. Por isso, a avaliação objetiva da maciez, por métodos mecânicos, vem sendo estudada há muitos anos. Para que a avaliação instrumental da textura seja uma ferramenta efetiva nos estudos envolvendo a maciez da carne, é necessário minimizar as causas de variação envolvidas na análise. Atualmente, a força de cisalhamento Warner-Bratzler é o método mais amplamente empregado para essa finalidade. O protocolo padrão dessa técnica analítica preconiza a utilização de uma lâmina de cisalhamento de 1,016mm de espessura. Neste trabalho, foram comparados dados de textura de carne bovina obtidos com a lâmina de cisalhamento padrão Warner-Bratzler, de 1,016mm de espessura, e uma lâmina mais grossa, de 3,05mm de espessura. Após o abate, amostras de músculo Longissimus dorsi, semelhantes em relação aos teores de umidade, lipídeos e proteínas, foram submetidas a duas diferentes temperaturas de resfriamento, atingindo diferentes velocidades de queda de temperatura e, consequentemente, diferentes graus de contração do tecido muscular, o que foi confirmado pela determinação do comprimento dos sarcômeros. Os resultados demonstraram uma maior sensibilidade da lâmina padrão Warner-Bratzler na detecção de variações da textura da carne, em função da velocidade de resfriamento.Standardization of texture is one of the main problems related to beef quality. Because of that, objective evaluation of tenderness performed by mechanic methodologies has been studied for years. In order to count on instrumental texture evaluation as a valuable tool in meat tenderness studies, it is necessary to minimize the causes of variation that might be involved in the trial. Nowadays, Warner-Bratzler shear force is widely used for meat tenderness determination. The standard protocol of this methodology establishes the utilization of shear blade 1

Interaction of aerosol particles composed of protein and saltswith water vapor: hygroscopic growth and microstructural rearrangement

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E. Mikhailov

2004-01-01

Full Text Available The interaction of aerosol particles composed of the protein bovine serum albumin (BSA and the inorganic salts sodium chloride and ammonium nitrate with water vapor has been investigated by hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer (H-TDMA experiments complemented by transmission electron microscopy (TEM and Köhler theory calculations (100-300nm particle size range, 298K, 960hPa. BSA was chosen as a well-defined model substance for proteins and other macromolecular compounds, which constitute a large fraction of the water-soluble organic component of air particulate matter. Pure BSA particles exhibited deliquescence and efflorescence transitions at 35% relative humidity ( and a hygroscopic diameter increase by up to 10% at 95% in good agreement with model calculations based on a simple parameterisation of the osmotic coefficient. Pure NaCl particles were converted from near-cubic to near-spherical shape upon interaction with water vapor at relative humidities below the deliquescence threshold (partial surface dissolution and recrystallisation, and the diameters of pure NH4NO3 particles decreased by up to 10% due to chemical decomposition and evaporation. Mixed NaCl-BSA and NH4NO3-BSA particles interacting with water vapor exhibited mobility equivalent diameter reductions of up to 20%, depending on particle generation, conditioning, size, and chemical composition (BSA dry mass fraction 10-90%. These observations can be explained by formation of porous agglomerates (envelope void fractions up to 50% due to ion-protein interactions and electric charge effects on the one hand, and by compaction of the agglomerate structure due to capillary condensation effects on the other. The size of NH4NO3-BSA particles was apparently also influenced by volatilisation of NH4NO3, but not as much as for pure salt particles, i.e. the protein inhibited the decomposition of NH4NO3 or the evaporation of the decomposition products NH3 and HNO3. The

Mining candidate genes associated with powdery mildew resistance in cucumber via super-BSA by specific length amplified fragment (SLAF) sequencing.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Peng; Zhu, Yuqiang; Wang, Lili; Chen, Liping; Zhou, Shengjun

2015-12-14

Powdery mildew (PM) is the most common fungal disease of cucumber and other cucurbit crops, while breeding the PM-resistant materials is the effective way to defense this disease, and the recent development of modern genetics and genomics make us aware of that studying the resistance genes is the essential way to breed the PM high-resistance plant. With the ever increasing throughput of next-generation sequencing (NGS), the development of specific length amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) as a high-resolution strategy for large-scale de novo SNP discovery is gradually applied for functional gene mining. Here we combined the bulked segregant analysis (BSA) with SLAF-seq to identify candidate genes associated with PM resistance in cucumber. A segregating population comprising 251 F2 individuals was developed using H136 (female parent) as susceptible parent and BK2 (male parent) as resistance donor. After PMR test, total genomic DNA was prepared from each plant. Systemic genomic analysis of the GC content, repeat sequence, etc. was carried out by prediction software SLAF_Predict to establish condition to ensure the uniformity and density of the molecular markers. After samples were gel purified, SLAFs were generated at Biomarker Technologies Corporation in Beijing. Based on SLAF tags and the PMR test result, the hot region were annotated. A total of 73,100 high-quality SLAF tags with an average depth of 99.11× were sequenced. Among these, 5,355 polymorphic tags were identified with a polymorphism rate of 7.34 %, including 7.09 % SNPs and other polymorphism types. Finally, 140 associated SLAFs were identified, and two main Hot Regions were detected on chromosome 1 and 6, which contained five genes invovled in defense response, toxin metabolism, cell stress response, and injury response in cucumber. Associated markers identified by super-BSA in this study, could not only speed up the study of the PMR genes, but also provide a feasible solution for breeding the

Farmacovigilância da heparina no Brasil Heparin pharmacovigilance in Brazil

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Daniela Rezende Garcia Junqueira

2011-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Investigar a origem das preparações de heparina, na forma farmacêutica injetável, disponíveis no mercado brasileiro, discutindo o impacto do perfil dos produtos comercializados e das alterações na monografia da heparina na segurança do fármaco. MÉTODOS: Pesquisou-se o banco de dados de Produtos Registrados das Empresas de Medicamentos da Anvisa e o Dicionário de Especialidades Farmacêuticas (DEF 2008/2009. Foi realizado inquérito com as indústrias com autorização ativa para o comércio do fármaco no Brasil. RESULTADOS: Cinco indústrias possuem autorização para o comércio de heparina não fracionada no Brasil. Três são de origem suína e duas de origem bovina, sendo que apenas uma possui essa informação explicitada na bula. A efetividade e a segurança da heparina, estudadas em populações estrangeiras, podem não representar a nossa realidade, já que a maioria dos países não produz a heparina bovina. A heparina atualmente comercializada tem, ainda, aproximadamente 10% menos atividade anticoagulante que a anteriormente produzida, e essa alteração pode ter implicações clínicas. CONCLUSÃO: Evidências acerca da ausência de intercambialidade de doses entre as heparinas de origem bovina e suína e o diferenciado perfil de segurança entre esses fármacos indicam necessidade de acompanhamento do tratamento e da resposta dos pacientes. Eventos que ameacem a segurança do paciente devem ser comunicados ao sistema da farmacovigilância do país.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biological origin of injectable unfractioned heparin available in Brazilian market by discussing the impact of the profile of commercial products and the changes in heparin monograph on the drug safety. METHODS: The Anvisa data base for the Registered Products of Pharmaceutical Companies and the Dictionary of Pharmaceutical Specialties (DEF 2008/2009 were searched. A survey with industries having an active permission for marketing the drug

Biomimetic synthesis of hollow calcium carbonate with the existence of the agar matrix and bovine serum albumin

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Feng, Jianhua, E-mail: fjh2008@126.com; Wu, Gang; Qing, Chengsong

2016-01-01

Proteins play important roles in the process of biomineralization. Vaterite and calcite have been synthesized by the reaction of Na{sub 2}CO{sub 3} and CaCl{sub 2} in the bovine serum albumin (BSA) and agar system. The samples have been characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The shape of CaCO{sub 3} crystal has been analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The results show that calcite is a single product in the absence of BSA, but the product is a mixture of calcite and vaterite in the presence of BSA. The spheral shell of CaCO{sub 3} crystal was obtained when the concentration of BSA increased to 9.0 mg/mL. - Highlights: • Biomimetic synthesis of hollow calcium carbonate • Calcification mechanisms in the presence of both protein and polysaccharides • Biomineralization under the action of protein and polysaccharides.

Caracterização Genética da Resistência à Eritromicina em Streptococcus agalactia e Degestantes saudáveis

OpenAIRE

Pinheiro, Sandra Marisa de Oliveira Sequeira

2009-01-01

Dissertação de Mestrado em Biologia Clínica Laboratorial Streptococcus agalactiae (Grupo B de Lancefield, EGB), um microrganismo comensal do homem, reconhecido em 1920 como o agente etiológico da mastite bovina, tem sido associado a infecções em parturientes e recém-nascidos, sendo o principal agente de septicemia e meningite neonatal. Para evitar a infecção perinatal recomenda-se a pesquisa da bactéria na região vagino-perianal durante o terceiro semestre de gravidez, indicando o tratamen...

Programa de análise de produtos : relatório provisório da análise em frangos congelados peito com osso com pele e peito sem osso sem pele

OpenAIRE

Inmetro, Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia; Reis, Bianca; Azevedo, Rose Mary Maduro Camboim de; Monteiro, Luiz Carlos; Lobo, Alfredo Carlos Orphão

2010-01-01

Existe um senso comum de que a carne de aves (carne branca) é mais saudável do que a carne bovina (carne vermelha). Isso porque, normalmente, ela contém menos gordura saturada. Especialistas ressaltam ainda como diferenciais dessa carne o preço mais barato (se comparada com outras carnes); a imagem de uma proteína mais saudável e o curto ciclo produtivo da carne de frango4. Independentemente do motivo, ela é uma carne largamente consumida pelos brasileiros. Dados recentes indicam que, no Bras...

Polimorfismos no SNP CGIL4: estudo de associação ao fenótipo de resistência a mastite clinica em vacas holandesas

OpenAIRE

Molina, Rachel Dias; Univates; Kich, Débora Mara; Univates; Vendramin, Tatiane; Univates; Souza, Claucia Fernanda Volken de; Univates; Lehn, Daniel Neutzling; Univates; Pozzobon, Adriane; Univates; Bustamante-Filho, Ivan Cunha; Univates

2014-01-01

A mastite bovina é a principal patologia da glândula mamária e a maior causadora de prejuízos na produção leiteira. Sua etiologia é quase sempre relacionada a problemas de manejo sanitário e de ordenha. Entretanto, observa-se a existência de animais com maior ou menor resistência a mastite, mesmo quando fatores ambientais são controlados. Recentemente, alguns marcadores moleculares foram associados ao fenótipo de resistência a mastite. O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar se com bas...

Screening of Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms of Secondary Injury and Repair in the Brain after Experimental Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats

Science.gov (United States)

2013-01-01

at the test station (due to the reflected rarefaction from the driver), and there were no artifacts from either open- end rarefaction or contact...Albumin (BSA) standard (0.1mg/ml). A standard curve was established by addition of GSH (0.04-4mM) to 50 mM Na, Na-phosphate buffer, pH 7.4 containing

Differences in exoenzyme production and adherence ability of Candida spp. isolates from catheter, blood and oral cavity Diferenças na produção de exoenzimas e habilidade de aderência entre isolados de espécies de Candida provenientes do cateter, sangue e cavidade bucal

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Carolina Rodrigues Costa

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Phospholipase and proteinase production and the ability of adhesion to buccal epithelial cells (BEC of 112 Candida isolates originated from oral cavity of HIV infected patients and from blood and catheter of intensive care unit patients were investigated. The proteinase production was detected by inoculation into bovine serum albumin (BSA agar and the phospholipase activity was performed using egg yolk emulsion. A yeast suspension of each test strain was incubated with buccal epithelial cells and the number of adherence yeast to epithelial cells was counted. A percentage of 88.1% and 55.9% of Candida albicans and 69.8% and 37.7% of non-albicans Candida isolates produced proteinase and phospholipase, respectively. Non-albicans Candida isolated from catheter were more proteolytic than C. albicans isolates. Blood isolates were more proteolytic than catheter and oral cavity isolates while oral cavity isolates produced more phospholipase than those from blood and catheter. C. albicans isolates from oral cavity and from catheter were more adherent to BEC than non-albicans Candida isolates, but the adhesion was not different among the three sources analyzed. The results indicated differences in the production of phospholipase and proteinase and in the ability of adhesion to BEC among Candida spp. isolates from different sources. This study suggests that the pathogenicity of Candida can be correlated with the infected site.A produção de proteinase e fosfolipase e habilidade de adesão à célula epitelial bucal de 112 isolados de Candida originadas da cavidade bucal de pacientes infectados pelo HIV e de sangue e cateter de pacientes hospitalizados foram investigados. A produção de proteinase foi detectada por inoculação em ágar soro albumina bovina e a atividade de fosfolipase foi realizada usando emulsão de gema de ovo. A suspensão de levedura de cada isolado foi incubada com célula epitelial e o número de leveduras aderidas a c

Pecuarização na Amazônia e consumo de carne: o que está por trás? Grassification of the Amazon region and meat consumption: what is behind?

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Gabriela Bordini Prado

2011-09-01

Full Text Available O artigo discute o avanço da fronteira agropecuária para dentro da floresta Amazônica, motivado, em grande parte, pelo aumento do consumo de carne bovina e por sua ineficiência na produção de proteínas. A metodologia constou de levantamento bibliográfico e de dados secundários e de campo no município de Xapuri, Acre, onde o fenômeno da pecuarização é bastante intenso, inclusive na Reserva Extrativista Chico Mendes. Em Xapuri, foram entrevistados diferentes atores sociais sobre a motivação para a introdução da pecuária no município e na reserva Chico Mendes. Resultados indicaram fatores históricos, de mercado econômico e de consumo como os principais propulsores. A redução do consumo de carne e seus derivados poderia diminuir a pressão sobre a floresta Amazônica, bem como políticas de incentivo às atividades extrativas.The article discusses the increased grassification and deforestation of the Amazon Forest, related to cattle breeding and motivated by increased meat consumption and its inefficiency in protein production. Methods consisted of literature review, data collection and fieldwork in the municipality of Xapuri, State of Acre, where the grassification process is very intense, even at the Chico Mendes Extractivist Reserve. In Xapuri, different social actors were interviewed about their reasons to introduce cattle breeding in the municipality and inside the Chico Mendes Reserve. Results indicated historical, economic and consumer market factors as the main causes. The reduction in meat consumption and incentives for extractivist products might reduce pressure on the Amazon forest.

Avaliação da transferência de citocinas para bezerros neonatos via ingestão de colostro de fêmeas bovinas Holandesas

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Carolina L. Shecaira

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Para a avaliação da transferência de citocinas para o sangue de bezerros neonatos via ingestão de colostro de fêmeas bovinas holandesas, foram utilizados 15 bezerros nascidos de parto eutócico, distribuídos igualmente por três grupos experimentais (n=5: G1- receberam dois litros de colostro fresco provenientes de suas próprias mães; G2- receberam dois litros de colostro provenientes de "pool" de colostro congelado e o G3- foram alimentados apenas com leite. Nestes grupos foram coletadas amostras de sangue em cinco tempos durante os primeiros quinze dias de vida e mensuradas as concentrações das citocinas Interleucina-1 β (IL-1b, Interleucina-6 (IL-6, Fator de necrose tumoral- α (TNF-a e Interferon-γ (IFN-γ. Também se mensurou tais citocinas (IL-1 β, IL-6 e TNF-α nos sobrenadantes do colostro de do "pool" de colostro fornecidos aos bezerros dos grupos G1 e G2 respectivamente. Verificou-se a transferência das citocinas IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a e IFN-γ pela presença no soro dos bezerros do grupo G1, enquanto que nos demais grupos (G2 e G3 não foram detectadas.

Encapsulation of albumin in self-assembled layer-by-layer microcapsules: comparison of co-precipitation and adsorption techniques.

Science.gov (United States)

Labala, Suman; Mandapalli, Praveen Kumar; Bhatnagar, Shubhmita; Venuganti, Venkata Vamsi Krishna

2015-01-01

The objective of this study is to prepare and characterize polymeric self-assembled layer-by-layer microcapsules (LbL-MC) to deliver a model protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA). The aim is to compare the BSA encapsulation in LbL-MC using co-precipitation and adsorption methods. In co-precipitation method, BSA was co-precipitated with growing calcium carbonate particles to form a core template. Later, poly(styrene sulfonate) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) were sequentially adsorbed onto the CaCO3 templates. In adsorption method, preformed LbL-MC were incubated with BSA and encapsulation efficiency is optimized for pH and salt concentration. Free and BSA-encapsulated LbL-MC were characterized using Zetasizer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimeter. Later, in vitro release studies were performed using dialysis membrane method at pH 4, 7.4 and 9. Results from Zetasizer and SEM showed free LbL-MC with an average size and zeta-potential of 2.0 ± 0.6 μm and 8.1 ± 1.9 mV, respectively. Zeta-potential of BSA-loaded LbL-MC was (-)7.4 ± 0.7 mV and (-)5.7 ± 1.0 mV for co-precipitation and adsorption methods, respectively. In adsorption method, BSA encapsulation in LbL-MC was found to be greater at pH 6.0 and 0.2 M NaCl. Co-precipitation method provided four-fold greater encapsulation efficiency (%) of BSA in LbL-MC compared with adsorption method. At pH 4, the BSA release from LbL-MC was extended up to 120 h. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that BSA encapsulated in LBL-MC through co-precipitation is stable toward trypsin treatment. In conclusion, co-precipitation method provided greater encapsulation of BSA in LbL-MC. Furthermore, LbL-MC can be developed as carriers for pH-controlled protein delivery.

Aspectos clínicos, patológicos, imuno-histoquímicos e virológicos em cinco bezerros persistentemente infectados com o vírus da diarreia viral bovina em uma propriedade do Rio Grande do Sul

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Adriana S Santos

2011-10-01

Full Text Available O vírus da diarreia viral bovina (BVDV é responsável por diferentes síndromes que afetam bovinos em todo o mundo, causando grandes perdas econômicas. O presente trabalho analisou as características clínicas, patológicas e imuno-histoquímicas e virais de cinco bovinos persistentemente infectados pelo BVDV de uma mesma propriedade, localizada no Município de Viamão, Rio Grande do Sul. Dentre os sinais clínicos verificados destacaram-se subdesenvolvimento, secreções nasais e oculares, além de catarata congênita unilateral em dois bovinos. As principais lesões observadas durante a necropsia consistiram de aumento dos linfonodos mesentéricos, evidenciação das placas de Peyer e pododermatite e lesões crostosas no plano nasal e na região periocular em um animal. Os achados microscópicos caracterizavam-se, principalmente, por infiltrado mononuclear na lâmina do intestino delgado e rarefação linfoide com infiltrado histiocitário nos centrofoliculares de linfonodos e nas placas de Peyer. Antígenos virais foram detectados por imuno-histoquímica principalmente em queratinócitos da epiderme, no epitélio de folículos pilosos e células mononucleares da derme de orelhas e pele; histiócitos e em linfócitos dos linfonodos; células foliculares da tireoide; no citoplasma de neurônios e, em menor escala, em células da micróglia no córtex cerebral e no hipocampo. O isolamento viral de amostras de sangue e órgãos dos animais confirmou a presença de BVDV não citopático. Também foi possível detectar a presença do genoma viral por RT-PCR no soro dos animais. A análise filogenética do fragmento parcial da região 5' não traduzida do genoma viral permitiu a classificação da amostra viral como BVDV tipo 2b. O presente estudo reforça a necessidade de investigar e caracterizar surtos de BVD e descrever suas diferentes for-mas de apresentação.

Parametri za procena na kvalitetot na polietilenska i na polipropilenska ambalaza i na gumeni zatvoraci nameneti za farmacevtski preparati

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Liljana Ugrinova

2002-03-01

Full Text Available Napraven e pregled na parametrite za procena na kvalitetot na polietilenska i na polipropilenska ambalaza i na gumeni zatvoraci nameneti za farmacevtski preparati. Za procena na kvalitetot na ispituvaniot materijal bea izvrseni fizicki, hemiski i bioloski ispituvanja spored postapkite dadeni vo Ph. Eur., DIN i spored DIN ISO standardite. Baranjata za kvalitet na ovoj vid ambalaza propisani spored Ph. Eur., DIN i DIN ISO standardite se razlikuvaat vo odnos na predvidenite parametri za fizicki, za hemiski i za bioloski ispituvanja. Isto taka, propisani se i razlicni granici na dozvoleno otstapuvanje na oddelni parametri.

Estudo da resposta tissular à endoprótese recoberta de jugular bovina em veia cava inferior de suínos Bovine jugular covered stent-graft implanted in swine inferior vena cava - a study of tissue response

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Cristina Ribeiro Riguetti Pinto

2006-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a resposta tissular a uma endoprótese, com cobertura biológica heteróloga, implantada em veia cava inferior de suínos. MÉTODO: Desenvolvemos uma endoprótese auto-expansível, revestida com um segmento de jugular bovina, conservada por processo L-hydro e suturada em um stent de aço inoxidável 316L. O dispositivo introdutor utilizado foi a bainha de liberação da endoprótese aórtica Taheri-Leonhardt (Flórida, EUA. Foram implantadas endopróteses em 10 suínos, todas na veia cava infra-renal. Os animais foram submetidos à flebografia peroperatória. À necropsia, após 2 meses, cada endoprótese foi retirada em bloco e analisada macroscopicamente, visando a avaliação da perviedade, aderência aos tecidos vizinhos e incorporação à parede venosa; e, histopatologicamente, visando a resposta histológica ao enxerto. RESULTADOS: Na análise macroscópica, todas as endopróteses encontravam-se pérvias e totalmente incorporadas à parede venosa, porém seis apresentavam trabeculações grosseiras no seu interior e quatro algum grau de fibrose perivascular. Três animais desenvolveram linfocele, uma retroperitoneal e as outras na parede abdominal. No estudo histopatológico, observamos reação inflamatória granulomatosa tipo corpo estranho em todos os casos, sendo predominante na camada média (80%. CONCLUSÃO: O modelo estudado apresentou baixa trombogenicidade, corroborando com a eficácia do meio de conservação e material escolhidos; porém, baixa biocompatibilidade, provavelmente pelo obstáculo imunológico dos xenoenxertos e resposta tissular exagerada do território venoso.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate tissue response to a bovine jugular vein covered stent when implanted in the swine inferior vena cava. METHOD: We developed a self-expanding stent, using a segment of L-hydro conserved bovine jugular vein, which was trimmed and sutured to a 316L stainless steel stent. We used the Taheri-Leonhardt delivery system for

Up-converter nanophosphor Y2O2S:Er,Yb aminofunctionalized containing or not spherical silica conjugated with BSA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gelamos, Joao Paulo; Laranja, Marlon Larry; Alvino, Karla Cristina Lombardi; Camacho, Sabrina Alessio; Pires, Ana Maria

2009-01-01

This work reports on the study of the nanophosphor Y 2 O 2 S:Er(2%),Yb(1%) obtained from polymeric resin to be evaluated as fluorescent label with suitable features to conjugate with bio-molecules for bioassay up-converting phosphor technology (UPT) application. A conjugation protocol between bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the aminofunctionalized nanophosphor containing or not spherical silica was established. UV-vis results indicated an effective conjugation between nanophosphor particles and the protein. Up-conversion measurements under 980 nm excitation performed for samples before and after aminofunctionalization showed that nanophosphor particles luminescence features keep unchanged in all cases. All results suggest that the adapted protocol is feasible to provide a nanoparticle-protein effective conjugation preserving nanophosphor optical features. The presence of spherical silica can be considered advantageous to increase conjugation efficiency. Therefore, the developed procedure is applicable for future conjugations between the chosen nanophosphor and the streptavidin protein that takes part in the well known self-recognition system avidin-biotin.

Perfil lipídico da gordura intramuscular de cortes e marcas comerciais de carne bovina Lipid profile of intramuscular fat in meat cattle cuts of commercial brands

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Angélica Pereira dos Santos Pinho

2011-05-01

Full Text Available O trabalho foi realizado para caracterizar a gordura intramuscular dos cortes contrafilé, picanha e costela de seis marcas comerciais (A, B, C, D, E e F de carne bovina comercializadas no município de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. As amostras foram coletadas em uma rede de hipermercados. As marcas A e B foram associadas a animais de raças britânicas, as marcas C e D de animais de raças européias produzidos em sistema convencional e orgânico, respectivamente, e provenientes do Uruguai e as marcas E e F de animais sem raça definida e sistema de alimentação não identificado, obtidas em um frigorífico regional e em uma rede de hipermercados, respectivamente. As amostras foram desossadas, moídas, embaladas a vácuo e armazenadas em temperatura de resfriamento até o momento das análises. Em cada amostra foram realizadas a extração dos lipídios e a identificação dos ácidos graxos. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com arranjo fatorial 6 × 3 e os dados analisados pelo procedimento GLM do aplicativo computacional SAS. Não houve interação significativa entre cortes e marcas para o perfil lipídico dos cortes comerciais. O percentual lipídico foi de 0,95; 3,01 e 0,97% nos cortes contrafilé, costela e picanha, respectivamente. A costela apresentou maior percentual de ácidos graxos (AG saturados e maior estimativa da D9 desaturase a partir do C16:0 e C18:0. O maior percentual de C18:2 cis-9, trans 11, ácido linoleico conjugado, CLA, n-6 e n-3 foi encontrado na picanha. A marca F apresentou maior grau de saturação e a marca D, maior valor de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados, relação poliinsaturados/saturados e trans18 e menor valor de ácidos graxos saturados. Houve interação significativa entre corte e marca para o conteúdo de CLA, sendo o maior conteúdo encontrado no contrafilé da marca F. As características da gordura intramuscular da carne bovina dependem do corte e da marca comercial

Animal cysticercosis in indigenous Brazilian villages Cisticercose animal em aldeias indígenas brasileiras

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Samuel Carvalho de Aragão

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Sanitary inspection of beef and pork meat has been the major tool for diagnosing animal cysticercosis and for preventing taeniasis in Brazil. The indigenous villages Jaguapiru and Bororo are located close to the urban area of the municipality of Dourados in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, where precarious basic sanitation conditions are observed. Both cattle and pigs are raised for self-consumption of meat and milk as well as for sale on the external market, generally without official sanitary inspection. In this study, 96 bovine carcasses and 117 pig blood serum samples from animals raised in these indigenous villages were evaluated for the presence of metacestodes by postmortem evaluation, and anti-Taenia sp. antibodies were investigated using the indirect ELISA test. Metacestode forms were observed in 18.7% of the bovine carcasses, and 9.4% of the pig serum samples were positive for anti-Taenia sp. antibodies. The occurrence of animal cysticercosis in the villages may favor the occurrence of this zoonosis in the indigenous populations. Enforcement of proper slaughter and sanitary inspection conditions are urgently needed for controlling the taeniasis-cysticercosis complex among the indigenous population.A inspeção sanitária da carne bovina e suína tem sido a principal forma diagnóstica da cisticercose animal e da prevenção da teníase no Brasil. As aldeias indígenas Jaguapirú e Bororó estão localizadas próximo à área urbana do município de Dourados-MS, com condições precárias de saneamento básico, onde bovinos e suínos são criados como fonte de alimento para consumo próprio, bem como para comercialização externa, geralmente sem inspeção sanitária oficial. Neste estudo, 96 carcaças bovinas e 117 amostras de soro de suínos, criados nas aldeias indígenas, foram avaliadas para a presença de formas metacestóides à inspeção sanitária e de anticorpos anti-Taenia sp. ao teste ELISA, respectivamente

Effects of arginine on multimodal anion exchange chromatography.

Science.gov (United States)

Hirano, Atsushi; Arakawa, Tsutomu; Kameda, Tomoshi

2015-12-01

The effects of arginine on binding and elution properties of a multimodal anion exchanger, Capto adhere, were examined using bovine serum albumin (BSA) and a monoclonal antibody against interleukin-8 (mAb-IL8). Negatively charged BSA was bound to the positively charged Capto adhere and was readily eluted from the column with a stepwise or gradient elution using 1M NaCl at pH 7.0. For heat-treated BSA, small oligomers and remaining monomers were also eluted using a NaCl gradient, whereas larger oligomers required arginine for effective elution. The positively charged mAb-IL8 was bound to Capto adhere at pH 7.0. Arginine was also more effective for elution of the bound mAb-IL8 than was NaCl. The results imply that arginine interacts with the positively charged Capto adhere. The mechanism underlying the interactions of arginine with Capto adhere was examined by calculating the binding free energy between an arginine molecule and a Capto adhere ligand in water through molecular dynamics simulations. The overall affinity of arginine for Capto adhere is attributed to the hydrophobic and π-π interactions between an arginine side chain and the aromatic moiety of the ligand as well as hydrogen bonding between arginine and the ligand hydroxyl group, which may account for the characteristics of protein elution using arginine. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

CARNE BOVINA COM QUALIDADE: UMA REVISÃO / BEEF MEAT QUALITY: A REVIEW

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Bruno LALA

2013-12-01

Full Text Available A diferenciação dos alimentos proporciona um produto de melhor qualidade ao consumidor final. O aumento da exigência dos consumidores pela qualidade dos produtos alimentares força para que as organizações desenvolvam instrumentos com maior eficiência na segurança, diferenciação e na agregação de valor aos seus produtos. A rastreabilidade proporciona ao consumidor, através de legislação comunitária, a garantia de um produto que está sendo rastreado em todas as fases do processo produtivo, permitindo também voltar às origens, fornecendo informações úteis para corrigir e aperfeiçoar as cadeias. Objetivou-se com esta revisão abordar a produção de carne com qualidade à consumidores exigentes.

Application of plug-plug technique to ACE experiments for discovery of peptides binding to a larger target protein: a model study of calmodulin-binding fragments selected from a digested mixture of reduced BSA.

Science.gov (United States)

Saito, Kazuki; Nakato, Mamiko; Mizuguchi, Takaaki; Wada, Shinji; Uchimura, Hiromasa; Kataoka, Hiroshi; Yokoyama, Shigeyuki; Hirota, Hiroshi; Kiso, Yoshiaki

2014-03-01

To discover peptide ligands that bind to a target protein with a higher molecular mass, a concise screening methodology has been established, by applying a "plug-plug" technique to ACE experiments. Exploratory experiments using three mixed peptides, mastoparan-X, β-endorphin, and oxytocin, as candidates for calmodulin-binding ligands, revealed that the technique not only reduces the consumption of the protein sample, but also increases the flexibility of the experimental conditions, by allowing the use of MS detection in the ACE experiments. With the plug-plug technique, the ACE-MS screening methodology successfully selected calmodulin-binding peptides from a random library with diverse constituents, such as protease digests of BSA. Three peptides with Kd values between 8-147 μM for calmodulin were obtained from a Glu-C endoprotease digest of reduced BSA, although the digest showed more than 70 peaks in its ACE-MS electropherogram. The method established here will be quite useful for the screening of peptide ligands, which have only low affinities due to their flexible chain structures but could potentially provide primary information for designing inhibitors against the target protein. © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Protein encapsulated magnetic carriers for micro/nanoscale drug delivery systems.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Xie, Y.; Kaminski, M. D.; Mertz, C. J.; Finck, M. R.; Guy, S. G.; Chen, H.; Rosengart, A. J.; Chemical Engineering; Univ. of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine

2005-01-01

Novel methods for drug delivery may be based on nanotechnology using non-invasive magnetic guidance of drug loaded magnetic carriers to the targeted site and thereafter released by external ultrasound energy. The key building block of this system is to successfully synthesize biodegradable, magnetic drug carriers. Magnetic carriers using poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) or poly(lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLA-PEG) as matrix materials were loaded with bovine serum albumin (BSA) by a double-emulsion technique. BSA-loaded magnetic microspheres were characterized for size, morphology, surface charge, and magnetization. The BSA encapsulation efficiency was determined by recovering albumin from the microspheres using dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.05N NaOH/0.5% SDS then quantifying with the Micro-BCA protein assay. BSA release profiles were also determined by the Micro-BCA protein assay. The microspheres had drug encapsulation efficiencies up to 90% depending on synthesis parameters. Particles were spherical with a smooth or porous surface having a size range less than 5 {mu}m. The surface charge (expressed as zeta potential) was near neutral, optimal for prolonged intravascular survival. The magnetization of these BSA loaded magnetic carriers was 2 to 6 emu/g, depending on the specific magnetic materials used during synthesis.

Genetic diversity of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV from Peru and Chile Diversidade genética de vírus da diarréia viral bovina (BVDV do Peru e Chile

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Karl Ståhl

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Twenty-five BVDV strains, detected in serum from persistently infected cattle from Peru (n=15 and Chile (n=10 were genetically characterized. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 5' UTR showed that all 25 strains belonged to genotype 1. Twenty-three of the strains could further be subdivided into subtype 1b, and two out of ten Chilean strains into subtype 1a. In conclusion, in total 23 out of 25 strains analyzed were of genotype 1, subtype 1b. This is the predominant BVDV subtype in many countries all over the world, including USA. The close homology with previously described strains reflects the influence of livestock trade on the diversity of BVDV circulating within and between countries and continents. Peru and Chile have imported large numbers of cattle from USA and Europe, mostly with insufficient or lacking health documentation.Um total de 25 isolados do vírus da diarréia viral bovina (BVDV, sendo 15 originarias do Peru e 10 do Chile foram sujeitas a caracterização genética. A árvore filogenética baseada na análise da região proximal não-codificante (5'UTR do genoma viral demonstrou que as 25 estirpes pertencem ao genótipo 1 do vírus BVD. Vinte e três destas estirpes puderam adicionalmente ser subdivididas no subtipo 1b, enquanto duas das 10 estirpes isolados provenientes do Chile foram identificadas como pertencentes ao subtipo 1a. Em conclusão, 23 de um total de 25 isolados analisados pertencem ao genótipo 1, subtipo 1b. Este é o subtipo de BVDV predominante em muitos países do mundo, incluindo os EUA. A elevada similaridade genética com isolados descritos anteriormente em outras regiões do mundo realça o papel do comércio internacional de gado no estabelecimento de diversidade genética do vírus BVD. Tanto o Peru como o Chile têm historia de importação de grandes quantidades de gado dos Estados Unidos e da Europa, no entanto sem suficiente documentação comprovativa do estado sanitário no que concerne a esta

Načrtovan porod na domu

OpenAIRE

Todorović, Tamara; Takač, Iztok

2017-01-01

Izhodišča: Porod na domu je sicer star toliko kot človeštvo, pa vendar v veliki večini srednje in visoko razvitih držav prevladuje mnenje, da so zaradi nepredvidljivosti zapletov porodnišnice najbolj varno okolje za rojevanje. Kljub temu obstaja peščica držav, v katerih je porod na domu integriran v sistem zdravstvenega varstva (npr. Nizozemska, Velika Britanija, Kanada). Pri porodih na domu ločimo nenačrtovane in načrtovane porode na domu, slednje pa lahko nadalje razdelimo še na porode s sp...

Caracterização preliminar de amostras do vírus da Diarréia Viral Bovina (BVDV isoladas no Brasil Preliminary characterization of brazilian isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV

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Sônia A. Botton

1998-04-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo relata a caracterização inicial de 19 amostras do vírus da Diarréia Viral Bovina (BVDV isoladas no Brasil, com relação a aspectos biológicos, antigênicos e moleculares. Onze amostras foram isoladas de fetos bovinos, seis foram obtidas do sangue de animais clinicamente saudáveis de rebanhos com problemas reprodutivos e duas amostras foram isoladas de casos clínicos de enfermidade gastrentérica. Os casos de doença entérica afetaram animais jovens e cursaram com diarréia, às vezes sanguinolenta, erosões e ulcerações na mucosa oronasal e do trato digestivo, e eventualmente hemorragias digestivas e petéquias na vulva. Dezesseis amostras (84,2%, incluindo aquelas isoladas de fetos e dos casos clínicos, pertencem ao biotipo não-citopático (ncp. A replicação de outras três amostras (15,8%, foi caracterizada pelo aparecimento de vacuolização e destruição progressiva do tapete celular. A análise das amostras que produziram citopatologia, após clonagem, revelou tratar-se de populações mistas composta de vírus citopáticos (cp e não-citopáticos. A análise de polipeptídeos virais através de SDS-PAGE seguida de "Western-immunoblot" revelou a produção da proteína não-estrutural NS3/p80 em células infectadas com as amostras cp. Em contraste, não se evidenciou a geração da NS3/p80 em células infectadas com as amostras ncp que produziram apenas o polipeptídeo precursor NS23/p125. A subsequente análise de reatividade frente a um painel de 15 anticorpos monoclonais (AcMs revelou uma diversidade antigênica marcante entre os isolados, sobretudo na glicoproteína E2/gp53. Embora um AcM contra essa glicoproteína reagiu com 18 isolados (94,7%, outros nove AcMs anti-E2/gp53 reconheceram entre zero e 57,9% das amostras brasileiras. A grande variabilidade antigênica detectada entre as amostras brasileiras do BVDV pode ter importantes implicações para o diagnóstico e estratégias de controle e imuniza

Synthesis and Characterization of Protein-Conjugated Silver Nanoparticles/Silver Salt Loaded Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) Film for Prevention of Bacterial Infections and Potential Use in Bone Tissue Engineering Applications

Science.gov (United States)

Bakare, Rotimi Ayotunde

nanoparticles solution used for loading and on the molecular weight of type I collagen used in collagen immobilization on PHBV film. At physiological pH, optimum amount of nanoparticles was retained on Type I collagen immobilized PHBV film because at pH 7.4, protonated amino groups of collagen immobilized PHBV film promote strong electrostatic interaction with the carboxylate anions of BSA stabilized silver nanoparticles. The second part of this study dealt with formulating AgCl/PHBV film that can potentially release silver ions for effective antimicrobial activity. In this study, we formulated AgCl/PHBV composite film by a salt exchange mechanism. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to quantify the amount of NaCl present before and after salt exchange. The Na content in the pre-washed and partially washed NaCl/PHBV film was found to be 43.60% and 1.24% by mass, respectively. The AgCl/PBHV composite film was acid digested and assayed for Na+ and Ag+ content by using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and was found to be 2.15 and 10.25 ppm, respectively. XPS technique was used to characterize the surface elemental composition of the AgCl/PHBV composite film. The survey spectrum of AgCl/PHBV film showed emergence of Ag 3d and Cl 2s peaks compared to pure PHBV which was predominantly composed of C 1s and O 1s peaks. The release kinetics of silver ions from AgCl/PHBV composite film showed an initial burst of about 1.5 ppm of silver ions during the first day of desorption followed by a gradual release of silver ions at an average rate of 0.3 ppm per day during the span of two weeks studied. Ag/BSA nanoparticles loaded collagen immobilized PHBV films and AgCl/PHBV composite films were tested for antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Colony forming unit and optical density measurements of Ag/BSA nanoparticles loaded collagen immobilized PHBV films showed broad antimicrobial activity at low Ag/BSA nanoparticles

Practical aspects of screening of anabolic steroids in doping control with particular accent to nortestosterone radioimmunoassay using mixed antisera

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hampl, R.; Starka, L.

1979-01-01

A radioimmunoassay of two main classes of anabolic steroids, suitable for screening of these drugs in doping control is described and evaluated. Antisera against 17α-methyltestosterone-3-carboxymethyl-oxime-BSA were raised in both rabbits and goats. To enhance the specificity of nortestosterone assay, two goat antisera against nortestosterone-17β-hemisuccinate-BSA (Ab. 1) and nortestosterone-3-carboxymethyloxime-BSA (Ab. 2) were raised which recognized selectively 19-nor-3-oxosteroids and 19-nor-17β-hydroxysteroids, respectively. Using their mixture, the cross-reaction of naturally occuring steroids except for testosterone could be minimized. Tritiated steroids were used as tracers. Iodinated methyltestosterone and nortestosterone, prepared by simple melting of these steroids with Na 125 I, could be used as alternative radioligands. Some questions concerning the expression of results and practical limitations of doping control of anabolics are discussed. (author)

Practical aspects of screening of anabolic steroids in doping control with particular accent to nortestosterone radioimmunoassay using mixed antisera

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hampl, R; Starka, L [Research Institute Endocrinology Prague, Czechoslavakia

1979-07-01

A radioimmunoassay of two main classes of anabolic steroids, suitable for screening of these drugs in doping control is described and evaluated. Antisera against 17..cap alpha..-methyltestosterone-3-carboxymethyl-oxime-BSA were raised in both rabbits and goats. To enhance the specificity of nortestosterone assay, two goat antisera against nortestosterone-17..beta..-hemisuccinate-BSA (Ab. 1) and nortestosterone-3-carboxymethyloxime-BSA (Ab. 2) were raised which recognized selectively 19-nor-3-oxosteroids and 19-nor-17..beta..-hydroxysteroids, respectively. Using their mixture, the cross-reaction of naturally occuring steroids except for testosterone could be minimized. Tritiated steroids were used as tracers. Iodinated methyltestosterone and nortestosterone, prepared by simple melting of these steroids with Na/sup 125/I, could be used as alternative radioligands. Some questions concerning the expression of results and practical limitations of doping control of anabolics are discussed.

Uso de la inmunohistoquímica como herramienta epidemiológica para el diagnóstico de rabia bovina a partir de casos no conclusivos

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Gloria Jurado G.

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Identificar el virus de la rabia en casos de encefalitis bovina a partir de muestras archivadas en el laboratorio sin diagnóstico conclusivo. Materiales y métodos. Doce muestras de cerebro bovino sospechosas de rabia, fueron procesadas por la técnica de inmunoperoxidasa indirecta, usando anticuerpos policlonales contra el agente viral. Resultados. Se demostró la presencia de antígenos virales en tres casos en forma de agregados pequeños en el citoplasma de las neuronas, con un patrón de forma redonda u oval y un número variable de corpúsculos de inclusión viral. Se discute sobre la importancia de los resultados en Colombia, la utilidad de la técnica en las difíciles condiciones de envío de muestras al laboratorio, además la posible relación de los casos negativos con herpesvirus bovino 5. Conclusiones. La utilización de la técnica de inmunohistoquímica para demostrar antígenos del virus rábico en encéfalos bovinos fijados en formol, puede ayudar en el perfeccionamiento del mapa epidemiológico de la enfermedad de la rabia en Colombia y puede disminuir el alto subdiagnóstico de otras enfermedades que afectan el sistema nervioso de los bovinos.

Calidad de carnes bovinas. Aspectos nutritivos y organolépticos relacionados con sistemas de alimentación y prácticas de elaboración

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Gustavo Teira

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Los sistemas extensivos de alimentación ofrecen carnes bovinas con características físicas, químicas y nutritivas que presentan una mayor diferenciación con aquellas obtenidas bajo sistemas intensivos cuanto mayor resulta el período de terminación en confinamiento. En algunos aspectos como el color de la grasa, terneza, insaturación lipídica y velocidad de crecimiento, las dietas basadas en granos, altamente energéticas, resultan muy interesantes. Sin embargo, aparecen también algunos problemas que deberían ser considerados, tales como eventuales alteraciones organolépticas, disminución de su vida útil, menor concentración en isómeros del ácido linoleico conjugado y una mayor relación de ácidos grasos n6/n3. Además, la no aplicación o aplicación incorrecta de procedimientos tecnológicos por la industria frigorífica pueden conducir al desmejoramiento y aumento en la variabilidad de los atributos más apreciados por el consumidor. Éste debería disponer de información en relación al tipo de carne que adquiere y cómo debería ser preparada para obtener la máxima satisfacción.

Tristeza parasitária bovina na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul: estudo retrospectivo de 1978-2005 Tick fever in southern Brazil: a retrospective study of 1978-2005

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Milton Begeres de Almeida

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo dos casos de tristeza parasitária bovina (TPB ocorridos no sul do Rio Grande do Sul, área de influência do Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico (LRD da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas entre 1978 e 2005. De um total de 4.884 materiais de bovinos provenientes de necropsias realizadas e órgãos ou sangue enviados ao laboratório 231 (4,7% tiveram o diagnóstico de TPB. Desses 231 surtos foram resgatados os dados de 221 diagnósticos dos quais 91 (41,1% foram causados por Babesia bovis, 11 (4,9% por Babesia bigemina, e 65 (29,41% por Anaplasma marginale. Em outros 33 (14,93% surtos de babesiose não foi informada a espécie de Babesia e em 21 (9,5% surtos foi detectada infecção mista por Babesia sp e A. marginale. Os índices gerais médios de morbidade, mortalidade e letalidade, resgatados em 149 dos 221 surtos da doença, foram de 11,17%, 6,81% e 70,04%, respectivamente. Verificou-se que, na região estudada, a maioria dos surtos ocorre durante os meses de verão e outono, e que os animais com um a três anos de idade são os mais afetados. Os sinais clínicos nos surtos caracterizaram-se por apatia, orelhas caídas, debilidade, febre, anorexia e emagrecimento. Os valores de hematócrito eram baixos. Hemoglobinúria foi frequentemente observada nos casos de babesiose. Sinais neurológicos estavam presentes nos casos de babesiose por B. bovis e se caracterizaram por transtornos da locomoção, tremores musculares, agressividade e quedas com movimentos de pedalagem. As lesões macroscópicas principais relatadas nos casos de babesiose foram esplenomegalia, hepatomegalia, fígado amarelo, hemoglobinúria, icterícia, hemorragias cardíacas e bile espessa. Congestão do córtex cerebral foi relatada nos casos de babesiose por B. bovis. Nesta região, com população de bovinos de aproximadamente 2.630.000 cabeças as perdas anuais por morte de bovinos pela enfermidade podem ser

Novel water soluble morpholine substituted Zn(II) phthalocyanine: Synthesis, characterization, DNA/BSA binding, DNA photocleavage and topoisomerase I inhibition.

Science.gov (United States)

Barut, Burak; Demirbaş, Ümit; Özel, Arzu; Kantekin, Halit

2017-12-01

In this study, novel peripherally tetra 3-morpholinophenol substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine (4) and its water soluble form quaternized zinc(II) phthalocyanine (ZnQ) were synthesized for the first time. These novel compounds were characterized by a combination of different spectroscopic techniques such as FT-IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, UV-vis and mass. The DNA binding of ZnQ was investigated using UV-vis absorption titration, competitive ethidium bromide, thermal denaturation and viscosity experiments that the ZnQ bound to CT-DNA via intercalation mode. ZnQ indicated photocleavage activity on supercoiled pBR322 plasmid DNA via formation of singlet oxygen under irradiation at 700nm. Besides, the topoisomerase I inhibitory effect experiments showed that ZnQ inhibited topoisomerase I enzyme in a concentration-dependent manner. The bovine serum albumin (BSA) binding experiments indicated that ZnQ bound to proteins through a static quenching mechanism. All of these results claim that ZnQ has potential agent for photodynamic therapy owing to its nucleic acid interactions and photobiological or photochemical properties. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Quenched/unquenched nano bioactive glass-ceramics: Synthesis and in vitro bioactivity evaluation in Ringer’s solution with BSA

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Nabian Nima

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The paper reports the first attempt at changing cooling treatment of synthesizing method in order to investigate its effect on the physical properties of sol-gel derived nano bioactive glass-ceramic in the system 58SiO2-33CaO-9P2O5 (wt.%. We hypothesized that the method of cooling may affect the properties of nano bioactive glass-ceramic. To test this hypothesis, two different method of cooling treatment was applied after calcinations in synthesizing method. Both quenched and unquenched nano bioactive glass-ceramics were soaked in Ringer’s solution with bovine serum albumin (BSA for bioactivity evaluation. The obtained samples were analyzed for their composition, crystalinity and morphology through X-ray powder diffraction (XRD, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR, surface electron microscope (SEM and transmission electron microscope (TEM. The SEM images showed that the morphology of nano bioactive glass-ceramics was completely changed by quenching process. Results of in vitro bioactivity evaluation revealed that the unquenched attains faster apatite formation ability than the quenched sample. Other properties of these two morphologically different nano bioactive glass-ceramics were strongly discussed.

Detección del virus de la leucosis bovina en ganado criollo colombiano mediante PCR-anidado Bovine leukemia virus detection in Creole Colombian breeds using nested-PCR

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Darwin Yovanny Hernández-Herrera

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Se evaluó la presencia del virus de la leucosis bovina (VLB en 360 muestras de ADN de ocho razas bovinas criollas: Blanco Orejinegro (BON, Casanareño (CAS, Costeño con Cuernos (CCC, Chino Santandereano (ChS, Caqueteño (CQT, Hartón del Valle (HV, Romosinuano (RS y San Martinero (SM, dos Razas Sintéticas Colombianas: Lucerna (LUC y Velásquez (VEL y dos razas foráneas: Brahmán (B y Holstein (H. Para la detección del pro-virus se amplificó una región del gen env viral, mediante PCR anidada. La presencia del VLB fue mayor en la raza HV seguido por ChS (83.3% y 60% respectivamente, VEL y LUC tuvieron el mismo porcentaje (50%, en CAS, CCC y CQT la presencia del virus fue de 26.7%, 23.3% y 16.7% respectivamente; no se encontró el virus en BON, SM y RS. En las razas foráneas la presencia fue de 83.3% para H y 6.7% para B. Se encontró dependencia altamente significativa entre la presencia del VLB y la raza, el sexo y región de origen de la muestra. El promedio de presencia en las razas criollas fue menor que en las foráneas, menor en los machos que en las hembras y en la región norte que en el suroccidente y el centro del país.Using 360 DNA samples from eight Creole bovine breeds Blanco Orejinegro (BON, Casanareño (CAS, Costeño con Cuernos (CCC, Chino Santandereano (ChS, Caqueteño (CQT, Hartón del Valle (HV, Romosinuano (RS and San Martinero (SM, two synthetic Colombian breeds: Lucerna (LUC and Velásquez (VEL and two introduced breeds Brahmán (B and Holstein (H; the presence of Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV was evaluated through the amplification of a viral gene region env (provirus detection - nested-PCR. The percentage of presence and independence test were calculated (X². Presence of BLV was higher in HV breed, followed by ChS (83.3% and 60% respectively; VEL and LUC breeds showed the same percentage (50%. In CAS, CCC and CQT the presence of virus was 26.7%, 23.3% y 16.7% respectively. On the other hand, no virus presence was

Resonance light scattering technique for the determination of proteins with polymethacrylic acid (PMAA)

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Yanhua; Gao, Dejiang; Tian, Yuan; Ai, Peng; Zhang, Hanqi; Yu, Aimin

2007-07-01

As a resonance light scattering (RLS) probe, the polyelectrolyte polymethacrylic acid (PMAA) was applied in this assay. The bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA) were determined by the electrostatic interaction of PMAA and proteins. At pH 3.8 Na 2HPO 4-citric acid buffer solution, the RLS intensities of PMAA-BSA (HSA) system were greatly enhanced. The characteristic peaks were appeared at the wavelength 320, 546 and 594 nm. The optimization conditions of the reaction were also examined and selected. Under the selected conditions, the RLS intensities were proportional to the protein concentrations in the range of (0.0200-2.00) × 10 -6 mol/L for BSA and (0.0200-2.40) × 10 -6 mol/L for HSA. The influences of some foreign substances were also examined. The synthetic samples containing proteins and some real samples were analyzed and the results obtained were satisfactory.

Desenvolvimento pós-embrionário de Pattonella intermutans (Thomson (Diptera: Sarcophagidae em diferentes dietas Post-embryonary development of Pattonella intermutans (Thomson, 1869 in different diets

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcio S. Loureiro

2005-03-01

Full Text Available A proposta deste estudo foi de avaliar o desenvolvimento pós-embrionário de Pattonella intermutans (Thomson, 1869 em dietas artificiais preparadas com agar-agar. Dieta D1: leite em pó integral + fermento biológico; Dieta D2: leite em pó integral + fermento biológico + caseína; Dieta D3: leite em pó integral + ovo cru; Dieta D4: carne bovina moída (dieta controle. A carne bovina moída foi a dieta mais eficiente (peso larval de 195,63 mg e viabilidade de neolarva a adulto de 86,5%, quando comparada com as dietas artificiais. Os seguintes resultados foram obtidos para o grupo experimental: Dieta D3: 180,15 mg e 63,5%; Dieta D2: 141,07 mg e 61% e na Dieta D1: 147,98 mg e 51,5%.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the post-embryonary development of Pattonella intermutans (Thomson, 1969 in artificial diets composed of agar-agar. Diet D1: whole dried milk + dried brewer's yeast; Diet D2: whole dried milk + dried brewer's yeast+ casein; Diet D3: whole dried milk + whole egg; Diet D4: bovine meal (control diet. The bovine meat was the best diet (larval weight 195.63mg and viability from larvae to adult 86,5%, when compared to all other artificial diets. The following performances were obtained for experimental groups: diet D3: 180.15 mg and 63.5%; diet D2: 141.07 mg and 61% and diet D1: 147.98 mg e 51.5%.

Fatty acid fouling of forward osmosis membrane: Effects of pH, calcium, membrane orientation, initial permeate flux and foulant composition.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhao, Pin; Gao, Baoyu; Yue, Qinyan; Liu, Pan; Shon, Ho Kyong

2016-08-01

Octanoic acid (OA) was selected to represent fatty acids in effluent organic matter (EOM). The effects of feed solution (FS) properties, membrane orientation and initial permeate flux on OA fouling in forward osmosis (FO) were investigated. The undissociated OA formed a cake layer quickly and caused the water flux to decline significantly in the initial 0.5hr at unadjusted pH3.56; while the fully dissociated OA behaved as an anionic surfactant and promoted the water permeation at an elevated pH of 9.00. Moreover, except at the initial stage, the sudden decline of water flux (meaning the occurrence of severe membrane fouling) occurred in two conditions: 1. 0.5mmol/L Ca(2+), active layer facing draw solution (AL-DS) and 1.5mol/L NaCl (DS); 2. No Ca(2+), active layer-facing FS (AL-FS) and 4mol/L NaCl (DS). This demonstrated that cake layer compaction or pore blocking occurred only when enough foulants were absorbed into the membrane surface, and the water permeation was high enough to compact the deposit inside the porous substrate. Furthermore, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was selected as a co-foulant. The water flux of both co-foulants was between the fluxes obtained separately for the two foulants at pH3.56, and larger than the two values at pH9.00. This manifested that, at pH3.56, BSA alleviated the effect of the cake layer caused by OA, and OA enhanced BSA fouling simultaneously; while at pH9.00, the mutual effects of OA and BSA eased the membrane fouling. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Synthesis, photophysical properties of triazolyl-donor/acceptor chromophores decorated unnatural amino acids: Incorporation of a pair into Leu-enkephalin peptide and application of triazolylperylene amino acid in sensing BSA.

Science.gov (United States)

Bag, Subhendu Sekhar; Jana, Subhashis; Pradhan, Manoj Kumar

2016-08-15

The research in the field of design and synthesis of unnatural amino acids is growing at a fast space for the increasing demand of proteins of potential therapeutics and many other diversified novel functional applications. Thus, we report herein the design and synthesis of microenvironment sensitive fluorescent triazolyl unnatural amino acids (UNAA) decorated with donor and/or acceptor aromatic chromophores via click chemistry. The synthesized fluorescent amino acids show interesting solvatochromic characteristic and/or intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) feature as is revealed from the UV-visible, fluorescence photophysical properties and DFT/TDDFT calculation. HOMO-LUMO distribution shows that the emissive states of some of the amino acids are characterized with more significant electron redistribution between the triazolyl moiety and the aromatic chromophores linked to it leading to modulated emission property. A pair of donor-acceptor amino acid shows interesting photophysical interaction property indicating a FRET quenching event. Furthermore, one of the amino acid, triazolyl-perylene amino acid, has been exploited for studying interaction with BSA and found that it is able to sense BSA with an enhancement of fluorescence intensity. Finally, we incorporated a pair of donor/acceptor amino acids into a Leu-enkephalin analogue pentapeptide which was found to adopt predominantly type II β-turn conformation. We envisage that our investigation is of importance for the development of new fluorescent donor-acceptor unnatural amino acids a pair of which can be exploited for generating fluorescent peptidomimetic probe of interesting photophysical property for applications in studying peptide-protein interaction. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Participação da Produção da Soja na Balança Comercial: Uma Análise Comparativa a partir da Produção do Estado do Mato Grosso, no Período de 2002 a 2012.

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Cláudia Cristal de Paiva Mota

2014-08-01

Full Text Available O agronegócio é setor importante para a economia brasileira. Ele é responsável por 23% do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB do país, o que o torna um dos principais exportadores mundiais de produtos agrícolas. Os principais produtos exportados pelo Brasil são: milho, açúcar, etanol, carne bovina, laranja (suco e fruta, café e soja em grão. Dentre essas exportações destaca-se o segmento da soja, no qual o Brasil é o segundo maior produtor mundial, atrás apenas dos Estados Unidos. Em volume, 30% das exportações brasileiras de soja são oriundas do estado do Mato Grosso. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a contribuição em termos monetários da sojicultura mato-grossense na balança comercial local e nacional. Para realizar essa análise utilizou-se como ferramentas metodológicas o Índice de Vantagem Comparativa Revelada de Vollrath (IVCRV, o Índice de Contribuição ao Saldo Comercial (ICSC e a Taxa de Contribuição (TC. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que o Mato Grosso possui vantagem comparativa na produção de soja em relação aos demais estados brasileiros e contribui significativamente para o saldo da balança comercial brasileira. Dessa maneira, faz-se necessário pensar em medidas que fortaleçam a competitividade da soja mato-grossense mantenha-se frente a um mercado globalizado

Ni(ii)/Cu(ii)/Zn(ii) 5,5-diethylbarbiturate complexes with 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,2'-dipyridylamine: synthesis, structures, DNA/BSA binding, nuclease activity, molecular docking, cellular uptake, cytotoxicity and the mode of cell death.

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Yilmaz, Veysel T; Icsel, Ceyda; Suyunova, Feruza; Aygun, Muhittin; Aztopal, Nazlihan; Ulukaya, Engin

2016-06-21

New 5,5-diethylbarbiturate (barb) complexes of Ni(ii), Cu(ii) and Zn(ii) with 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and 2,2'-dipyridylamine (dpya), namely [Ni(phen-κN,N')3]Cl(barb)·7H2O (), [Cu(barb-κN)(barb-κ(2)N,O)(phen-κN,N')]·H2O (), [Cu(barb-κN)2(phen-κN,N')] (), [Zn(barb-κN)2(phen-κN,N')]·H2O (), [Ni(barb-κ(2)N,O)(dpya-κN,N')2]Cl·2H2O (), [Cu(barb-κ(2)N,O)2(dpya-κN,N')]·2H2O () and [Zn(barb-κN)2(dpya-κN,N')] (), were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, UV-vis, FT-IR and ESI-MS. The structures of the complexes were determined by X-ray crystallography. Notably, and were fluorescent in MeOH : H2O at rt. The interaction of the complexes with fish sperm (FS) DNA and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated in detail by various techniques. The complexes exhibited groove binding along with a partial intercalative interaction with DNA, while the hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions played a major role in binding to BSA. It is noteworthy that exhibited the highest affinity towards DNA and BSA. Enzyme inhibition assay showed that show a preference for both A/T and G/C rich sequences in pUC19 DNA, while and display a binding specificity to the G/C and A/T rich regions, respectively. These findings were further supported by molecular docking. The cellular uptake studies suggested that was deposited mostly in the membrane fraction of the cells. Among the present complexes, exhibited a very strong cytotoxic effect on A549, MCF-7, HT-29 and DU-145 cancer cells, being more potent than cisplatin. Moreover, induces cell death through the apoptotic mode obtained by flow cytometry.

Administração de somatotropina bovina no período pré-parto sobre parâmetros produtivos, sanitários e reprodutivos da primeira lactação de vacas holandesas Bovine somatotropin administration during pre-delivery period to productive, sanitary and reproductive parameters of holstein cows' first lactation

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Laerte Dagher Cassoli

2002-04-01

Full Text Available Para avaliar a administração de somatotropina bovina (bST no período pré-parto, sobre o desempenho na primeira lactação, foram utilizadas 18 novilhas gestantes, de modo que 9 receberam injeções subcutâneas de 500mg de bST nos dias 21 e 9 antes da data prevista para o parto. Os animais foram alimentados com dieta total, 2 vezes ao dia, e os dados coletados foram relativos a parâmetros sanitários, produtivos e reprodutivos na primeira lactação. A administração de bST não afetou os parâmetros sanitários (retenção de placenta, metrite, deslocamento de abomaso, febre do leite e cetose e reprodutivo (cisto folicular. Entretanto, o uso de bST no pré-parto levou à variação de escore de condição corporal (ECC 65% maior, adiantou o pico de produção de leite em 9,7 dias e diminuiu os dias em lactação em 21,8 dias em relação ao controle (P The effects of pre-delivery administration of bovine somatotropin (bST on first lactation performance were evaluated in this study, which involved eighteen Holstein pregnant heifers. Nine animals were supplemented with subcutaneous injections of 500 mg of bST, on days 21 and 9 prior expected delivery, and 9 were not supplemented (control group. Animals were fed total mixed ration, twice daily. Data evaluated in this experiment were related to sanitary, reproductive and productive parameters during first lactation. Administration of bST did not affect parameters related to sanity (retained placenta, metritis, displacement abomasum, milk fever, ketosis, reproduction (follicular cysts. However, heifers supplemented with bST showed changes of body condition score 65% greater, anticipated milk production peak in 9.7 days and decreased number of days in lactation in 21,8 days, compared to the non-supplemented ones (p < 0.05. Milk production peak and milk production corrected for 305 days were not affected by bST administration.

Determination of the second virial coefficient of bovine serum albumin under varying pH and ionic strength by composition-gradient multi-angle static light scattering.

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Ma, Yingfang; Acosta, Diana M; Whitney, Jon R; Podgornik, Rudolf; Steinmetz, Nicole F; French, Roger H; Parsegian, V Adrian

2015-01-01

Composition-gradient multi-angle static light scattering (CG-MALS) is an emerging technique for the determination of intermolecular interactions via the second virial coefficient B22. With CG-MALS, detailed studies of the second virial coefficient can be carried out more accurately and effectively than with traditional methods. In addition, automated mixing, delivery and measurement enable high speed, continuous, fluctuation-free sample delivery and accurate results. Using CG-MALS we measure the second virial coefficient of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in aqueous solutions at various values of pH and ionic strength of a univalent salt (NaCl). The systematic variation of the second virial coefficient as a function of pH and NaCl strength reveals the net charge change and the isoelectric point of BSA under different solution conditions. The magnitude of the second virial coefficient decreases to 1.13 x 10(-5) ml*mol/g(2) near the isoelectric point of pH 4.6 and 25 mM NaCl. These results illuminate the role of fundamental long-range electrostatic and van der Waals forces in protein-protein interactions, specifically their dependence on pH and ionic strength.

Na+-stimulated ATPase of alkaliphilic halotolerant cyanobacterium Aphanothece halophytica translocates Na+ into proteoliposomes via Na+ uniport mechanism

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Soontharapirakkul Kanteera

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background When cells are exposed to high salinity conditions, they develop a mechanism to extrude excess Na+ from cells to maintain the cytoplasmic Na+ concentration. Until now, the ATPase involved in Na+ transport in cyanobacteria has not been characterized. Here, the characterization of ATPase and its role in Na+ transport of alkaliphilic halotolerant Aphanothece halophytica were investigated to understand the survival mechanism of A. halophytica under high salinity conditions. Results The purified enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of ATP in the presence of Na+ but not K+, Li+ and Ca2+. The apparent Km values for Na+ and ATP were 2.0 and 1.2 mM, respectively. The enzyme is likely the F1F0-ATPase based on the usual subunit pattern and the protection against N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide inhibition of ATPase activity by Na+ in a pH-dependent manner. Proteoliposomes reconstituted with the purified enzyme could take up Na+ upon the addition of ATP. The apparent Km values for this uptake were 3.3 and 0.5 mM for Na+ and ATP, respectively. The mechanism of Na+ transport mediated by Na+-stimulated ATPase in A. halophytica was revealed. Using acridine orange as a probe, alkalization of the lumen of proteoliposomes reconstituted with Na+-stimulated ATPase was observed upon the addition of ATP with Na+ but not with K+, Li+ and Ca2+. The Na+- and ATP-dependent alkalization of the proteoliposome lumen was stimulated by carbonyl cyanide m - chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP but was inhibited by a permeant anion nitrate. The proteoliposomes showed both ATPase activity and ATP-dependent Na+ uptake activity. The uptake of Na+ was enhanced by CCCP and nitrate. On the other hand, both CCCP and nitrate were shown to dissipate the preformed electric potential generated by Na+-stimulated ATPase of the proteoliposomes. Conclusion The data demonstrate that Na+-stimulated ATPase from A. halophytica, a likely member of F-type ATPase, functions as an electrogenic Na

Polarization dependence of Na* + Na* associative ionization revisited

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Meijer, H.A.J.; Meulen, H.P. v.d.; Morgenstern, R.; Hertel, I.V.; Meyer, E.; Witte, R.

1986-01-01

The dependence of the associative ionization process Na 3 2P3/2 + Na 3 2P3/2 → Na2+ + e- on the polarization of the laser light used for Na excitation was independently investigated in Utrecht and Berlin. The purpose of this paper is to clarify discrepancies between two other earlier experimental

Pseudo-ternary phase diagram in the Na2O-Na2O2-NaOH system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Saito, Jun-ichi; Tendo, Masayuki; Aoto, Kazumi

1997-10-01

Generally, the phase diagrams are always used to understand the present state of compounds at certain temperature. In order to understand the corrosion behavior of structural material for FBR by main sodium compounds (Na 2 O, Na 2 O 2 and NaOH), it is very important to comprehend the phase diagrams of their compounds. However, only Na 2 O-NaOH pseudo-binary phase diagram had been investigated previously in this system. There is no study of other pseudo-binary or ternary phase diagrams in the Na 2 O-Na 2 O 2 -NaOH system. In this study, in order to clarify the present states of their compounds at certain temperatures, the pseudo-binary and ternary phase diagrams in the Na 2 O-Na 2 O 2 -NaOH system were prepared. A series of thermal analyses with binary and ternary component system has been carried out using the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The liquidus temperature and ternary eutectic temperatures were confirmed by these measurements. The beneficial indications for constructing phase diagrams were obtained from these experiments. On the basis of these results, the interaction parameters between compounds which were utilized for the Thermo-Calc calculation were optimized. Thermo-Calc is one of thermodynamic calculation software. Consequently the accurate pseudo-binary and ternary phase diagrams were indicated using the optimized parameters. (author)

Development Period of Forensic Importance Calliphoridae (Diptera: Brachycera in Urban Area Under Natural Conditions in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

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Alex Barros-Souza

2012-06-01

Resumo. Para descrever o tempo de desenvolvimento dos imaturos de Calliphoridae sob condições naturais, dois experimentos foram realizados no Campus II do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, um na estação chuvosa e o outro na estação menos chuvosa. Cadáveres de porcos domésticos (25kg cada foram utilizados como substrato atrativo para a ovipostura dos califorídeos. Fêmeas grávidas de Calliphoridae foram coletadas e os ovos foram transferidos para potes plásticos contendo placas de Petri com carne bovina moída. As espécies criadas, com respectivo tempo de desenvolvimento de ovo a adulto (em dias, na estação mais chuvosa e menos chuvosa, foram: Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 14,5 e 9,4 dias, Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 10,7 e 9,4, Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius, 11,5 e 10,7 Lucilia eximia (Wiedemann 19,4 e 14,3 e Paralucilia paraensis (Mello, 11,8 dias, essa criada somente na estação menos chuvosa. Este é o primeiro registro do tempo de desenvolvimento de P. paraensis.

Mastites em ruminantes no Brasil

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Atzel Candido Acosta

Full Text Available Resumo: A mastite é uma doença complexa e considerada uma das principais causas de perdas à indústria leiteira mundial. Objetivou-se com esta revisão compilar informações dos últimos dez anos sobre a mastite em ruminantes no Brasil. A prevalência da mastite subclínica chega a 48,64% na espécie bovina, 30,7% na espécie caprina, 31,45% na espécie ovina e 42,2% na espécie bubalina, destacando-se a etiologia por Staphylococcus spp. Os fatores de risco associados à ocorrência de mastite estão relacionados a problemas no saneamento ambiental e ao manejo dos animais. As bactérias isoladas do leite mastítico apresentam maior percentual de resistência a penicilina, ampicilina, amoxicilina e neomicina e a utilização de técnicas moleculares no diagnóstico dos agentes causadores de mastites no país, ainda é escassa o que dificulta a obtenção de um diagnóstico mais rápido, sensível e específico.

Efecto de lactoferrina bovina en la formación de biofilms en cepas clínicas de E. coli enteroagregativa

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Cecilia Coveñas

Full Text Available Objetivos. Determinar el efecto de lactoferrina bovina (bLf en la formación de biofilms en cepas clínicas de Escherichia coli enteroagregativa (EAEC, y si este efecto es independiente del hierro. Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron dos métodos: (a cualitativo, mediante observación directa por microscopia óptica, y (b cuantitativo, lecturas de los valores de absorbancia mediante lector de ELISA en presencia de bLf en concentraciones de 0,01mg/mL y 1mg/mL, con y sin hierro, y no bLf (control, en 122 cepas de EAEC para el método cuantitativo (60 cepas de niños con diarrea y 62 de niños sanos y 31 cepas para el método cualitativo. Resultados. (a Método cualitativo: se evaluaron 31 cepas, con y sin hierro. Sin hierro la formación de biofilms fue de 77% (24/31 en el grupo control versus 58% (14/31 con bLf de 0,01 mg/mL y 4% (1/31 con 1 mg/mL. Con hierro la formación de biofilms fue 90% (28/31 en el grupo control versus 55% (17/31 con bLf de 0,01 mg/mL y 4% (1/31 a 1 mg/mL. (b Método cuantitativo: sin hierro la absorbancia medida a OD 560 nm del grupo control fue 0,7 ± 0,5 versus 0,4 ± 0,3 con bLf 0,01mg/mL y 0,3 ± 0,2 con bLf de 1 mg/mL (p<0,0001. Esta disminución en presencia de bLf incluso se dio con hierro. Conclusiones. La bLf tiende a disminuir la formación de biofilms, mostrando un efecto inhibitorio en las cepas clínicas de EAEC, este efecto no es hierro-dependiente

CANALES Y MÁRGENES DE COMERCIALIZACIÓN DE LECHE BOVINA EN LA PARROQUIA GUASAGANDA, CANTÓN LA MANÁ, COTOPAXI-ECUADOR

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Emma Danielly Torres Navarrete

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de la investigación fue proporcionar información sobre las características del mercadeo de leche bovina en la parroquia Guasaganda, cantón La Maná, provincia de Cotopaxi, Ecuador. La metodología consistió en la identificación de los canales de comercialización y establecimiento de los márgenes de comercialización en la zona. Se inició con la identificación del origen del producto, sus características, y la observación sistemática de todos los procesos que incluyeron cambios en su forma y propiedad hasta llegar al consumidor final. Se diseñó y aplicó una encuesta a los diferentes agentes que realizan funciones de comercialización; productores (P, acopiadores (A, industria pasteurizadora (IP y artesanal (IA y, detallistas (D. Se obtuvo el margen bruto de comercialización (MBC, margen neto de comercialización (MNC y la participación del productor (PDP. Además, se obtuvieron costos de producción y rentabilidad de un litro de leche a nivel de productores. Los resultados muestran la comercialización de tres productos: leche cruda, fluida y queso. Se determinaron dos canales de comercialización: el canal corto 40% de pequeños productores: productor-consumidor final y el canal convencional (100% de medianos y grandes productores y 60% de pequeños productores: productor-acopiador rural - industria pasteurizadora – detallista - consumidor final (leche fluida; productor - acopiador rural - industria artesanal de queso – detallista - consumidor final. Los márgenes obtenidos en la comercialización de leche fluida, en promedio, son: MBC (60%, PDP (40%, y MNC (38.7% y los márgenes en la comercialización de queso en promedio son: MBC (40.34%, PDP (59.66%, y MNC (29.8%.

AVALIAÇÃO DE PLANTAS MEDICINAIS NO COMBATE A MASTITE BOVINA

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Samoel Alexandre Fonseca Dantas

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Mastite é a inflamação da glândula mamária da vaca, sendo infecto-contagiosa que mais se propaga nos rebanhos e geralmente causando grandes prejuízos a indústria de laticínios, pode ser provocada por cerca de 130 agentes envolvidos, dentre eles, bactérias, vírus, algas e fungos. As bactérias são os agentes de maior importância como causa da doença. Por esta razão o IFRN aprovou o projeto para avaliação de qual o melhor tratamento com plantas medicinais nativas a ser utilizada na cura da mastite. O enfoque do resultado do projeto estaria direcionado para o diagnóstico e cura da doença na criação de rebanhos leiteiros de pequenos produtores do Vale do Assu. Para a realização desse diagnóstico e investigação sobre planta medicinal a ser utilizado nas vacas acometidas pela mastite, serão realizados exames de antibiograma para investigar a susceptibilidade da bactéria a determinadas plantas. Nos resultados preliminares, realizados em laboratório, foi identificado que a casca do caule do cajueiro roxo (Anacardium occidentale L tem ação antibiótica e a flor da catingueira (Caesalpinia pyramidalis inibe a proliferação das bactérias existentes no leite de vacas infectadas com mastite sub-clínica. Desta maneira, sugere-se a possibilidade do uso deste vegetal no combate e cura a esta doença. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Mastite, Antibiograma, Plantas medicinais.

Extracellular Na+ levels regulate formation and activity of the NaX/alpha1-Na+/K+-ATPase complex in neuronal cells.

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Emmanuelle eBerret

2014-12-01

Full Text Available MnPO neurons play a critical role in hydromineral homeostasis regulation by acting as sensors of extracellular sodium concentration ([Na+]out. The mechanism underlying Na+-sensing involves Na+-flow through the NaX channel, directly regulated by the Na+/K+-ATPase α1-isoform which controls Na+-influx by modulating channel permeability. Together, these two partners form a complex involved in the regulation of intracellular sodium ([Na+]in. Here we aim to determine whether environmental changes in Na+ could actively modulate the NaX/Na+/K+-ATPase complex activity.We investigated the complex activity using patch-clamp recordings from rat MnPO neurons and Neuro2a cells. When the rats were fed with a high-salt-diet, or the [Na+] in the culture medium was increased, the activity of the complex was up-regulated. In contrast, drop in environmental [Na+] decreased the activity of the complex. Interestingly under hypernatremic condition, the colocalization rate and protein level of both partners were up-regulated. Under hyponatremic condition, only NaX protein expression was increased and the level of NaX/Na+/K+-ATPase remained unaltered. This unbalance between NaX and Na+/K+-ATPase pump proportion would induce a bigger portion of Na+/K+-ATPase-control-free NaX channel. Thus we suggest that hypernatremic environment increases NaX/Na+/K+-ATPase α1-isoform activity by increasing the number of both partners and their colocalization rate, whereas hyponatremic environment down-regulates complex activity via a decrease in the relative number of NaX channels controlled by the pump.

Apoptose e expressão de Bcl-2 e das caspases 3 e 8 em placenta bovina, em diferentes estádios de gestação Apoptosis and expression of Bcl-2 and caspases 3 and 8 in placenta of cows at different pregnancy stages

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K.K.O.L. Meça

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Apoptose e seus mecanismos reguladores são eventos fisiológicos cruciais para a manutenção da homeostase placentária, e o desequilíbrio desses processos pode comprometer a função placentária e, consequentemente, o sucesso da gravidez. Neste estudo, investigou-se a apoptose utilizando-se histomorfometria em lâminas coradas em HE e submetidas à reação de TUNEL. Além disso, avaliou-se a expressão de Bcl-2 e das caspases 8 e 3, pela reação de polimerase em cadeia em tempo real, em placentas saudáveis em diferentes estádios de gestação. Amostras de placentônios de vacas com quatro, seis e nove meses de gestação foram colhidas e processadas. O índice apoptótico aumentou progressivamente com o avanço da gestação. Tanto o Bcl-2 quanto as caspases 3 e 8 foram expressas nos três períodos estudados, sendo a expressão de Bcl-2 menor que a de caspase 8, que é menor que a de caspase 3. Estes resultados indicam que essas moléculas estão envolvidas na via apoptótica ativada na maturação placentária, exibindo um padrão de expressão ao longo da gestação e contribuindo para o equilíbrio fisiológico da celularidade e renovação celular na placenta bovina.Apoptosis and its regulating mechanisms are crucial physiological events for the maintenance of the placental homostasis; and disequilibrium of these processes may compromise placental function and the success of the pregnancy. In this study, apoptosis was investigated by histomorphometry using slides stained with HE and TUNEL reaction. Besides that, Bcl-2 and caspases 8 and 3 expression were evaluated by real time polymerase chain reaction in healthy placentas under different gestacional ages. Samples of placentones of cows at 4th, 6th, and 9th months of gestation were harvested and processed. The apoptotic index gradually increased with the advance of the gestation. Bcl-2 and caspases 3 and 8 were expressed in all the studied periods, being the expression of Bcl-2

The reactor design and comparison of Fenton, electro-Fenton and photoelectro-Fenton processes for mineralization of benzene sulfonic acid (BSA)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ting, W.-P.; Lu, M.-C.; Huang, Y.-H.

2008-01-01

A new approach for promoting ferric reduction efficiency using a different electrochemical cell and the photoelectro-Fenton process has been developed. The use of UVA light and electric current as electron donors can efficiently initiate the Fenton reaction. Benzene sulfonic acid (BSA) was the target compound in this study. The parameters investigated to evaluate the reactor design include the electrode working area, electrode distance, energy consumption. Furthermore, the study also contains the intermediates and the mineralization efficiency of electrolysis, Fenton, electro-Fenton and photoelectro-Fenton process. Oxalic acid, the major intermediate of aromatic compound degradation, can complex with ferric ions. Meanwhile, a double cathode reactor could increase the current efficiency by 7%, which would translate to greater ferrous production and a higher degradation rate. Although the current efficiency of an electrode distance 5.5 cm device is 19% higher than 3.0 cm, results show that after 2 h of electrolysis the electronic expense using an electrode gap of 5.5 cm is much higher than 3.0 cm. The final TOC removal efficiency was 46, 64 and 72% using the Fenton, electro-Fenton and photoelectron-Fenton processes, respectively

INHIBICIÓN DE Lactobacillus gasseri SOBRE Yersinia pseudotuberculosis BAJO CONDICIONES IN VITRO

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H. A. Jurado-Gámez

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Se evaluaron la cinética de fermentación, pruebas de crecimiento y efecto de inhibición de Lactobacillus gasseri sobre Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Se determinó susceptibilidad de L. gasseri y Y. pseudotuberculosis a los antibióticos gentamicina, penicilina, ciprofloxacina, dicloxacilina y cefalotina; además, el efecto de inhibición de L. gasseri y su sobrenadante en Y. pseudotuberculosis y el crecimiento de L. gasseri a diferentes concentraciones de sales biliares, bilis bovina y temperatura. Se evaluó la cinética de crecimiento de la cepa láctica (UFC/ml, pH, azúcar, acidez y proteína y se determinaron péptidos en el sobrenadante mediante HPLC. Las variables pH y UFC/ml se evaluaron mediante un diseño de medidas repetidas en el tiempo. Se encontró resistencia de L. gasseri y Y. pseudotuberculosis a la dicloxacilina, además de cefalotina para la primera. La cepa láctica y su sobrenadante inhibieron a la cepa patógena. Se obtuvieron crecimientos entre 3 × 108 y 1,7 × 1013 UFC/150 μl en sales biliares, entre 3 × 108 y 3 × 1012 UFC/150 μl en bilis bovina y entre 4,3 × 108 y 3 × 1013 UFC/150 μl a diferentes temperaturas. La fase exponencial se observó a las 16 h con un valor de 3 × 1012 UFC/150 μl, pH de 4,56, azúcar de 1,79 mg/l, acidez de 0,925 y proteína de 0,16 mg/l. Se encontró el péptido VA L-TIR-VA L en el sobrenadante de L. gasseri. Los resultados indican que L. gasseri puede ser importante como cepa probiótica en condiciones in vitro.

Biting behavior of Anopheles mosquitoes in Costa Marques, Rondonia, Brazil

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Terry A. Klein

1991-03-01

Full Text Available Mosquito collections were made in and near Costa Marques, Rondonia, Brazil, to determine anopheline anthropophilic/zoophilic behavior. Collections from a non-illuminated, bovine-baited trap and indoor and outdoor human-bait collections were compared. Anopheles darlingi and Anopheles deaneorum were more anthropophilic than the other anophelines collected. The remainder of the Anopheles species were collected much morefrequently in bovine-baited traps than in human-bait collections. Anopheles darlingi and An. deaneorum were more frequently collected inside houses than the other anopheline species. But, when collections were made in a house with numerous openings in the walls, there were few differences in the percentages of each species biting man indoors versus outdoors. Anopheles darlingi was the predominant mosquito collected, both inside and outside houses, and had the strongest anthropophilic feeding behavior of the anophelines present.Para determinar o comportamento antropofilico e zoofilico dos anofelinos, foram capturados mosquitos na periferia e na zona urbana de Costa Marques, Rondônia, Brasil. Foram comparadas as capturas feitas à noite, com iscas bovinas e humanas, dentro efora de casa. O Anopheles darlingi e o Anopheles deaneorumforam mais antropojilicos do que os outros anofelinos capturados. O restante das espécies anofelinas foi capturado mais freqüentemente nas iscas bovinas do que nas humanas. Anopheles darlingi e Anopheles deaneorumforam capturados dentro de casa com mais freqüência do que as outras espécies anofelinas. Porém, quando a captura foi feita em casas com muitas aberturas nas paredes houve pouca diferença nas porcentagens de cada espécie sugadora de humanos dentro efora de casa. Anopheles darlingi foi o mosquito capturado com mais freqüência, dentro e fora de casa, e apresentava maior antropofilia em relação aos outros anofelinos presentes.

A DIMENSÃO AMBIENTAL DA SUSTENTABILIDADE EM PAUTA NO SETOR DE BOVINOCULTURA DE CORTE: ANÁLISE DOS DIÁLOGOS ENTRE STAKEHOLDERS SUL-MATO-GROSSENSES

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Dario de Oliveira Lima-Filho

2017-05-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os diálogos entre stakeholders da cadeia produtiva de bovinocultura de corte em torno do tema sustentabilidade. Busca-se perceber quais questões a este respeito estão surgindo nos diálogos e, mais especificamente, objetiva analisar como o tópico de mudanças climáticas se apresenta. Justifica-se o estudo pela contribuição que os diálogos entre estes stakeholders podem ofertar para a definição de novos caminhos para lidar com os dilemas que se apresentam com a necessidade de se reportar às mudanças climáticas na pecuária bovina de corte. O tema é analisado baseando-se nas teorias de Stakeholders, mais especificamente de diálogos entre stakeholders e no conhecimento sobre Sustentabilidade e Mudanças Climáticas. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo, por meio de entrevistas com representantes das organizações do Sistema Agroindustrial da Carne Bovina do Mato Grosso do Sul, um dos Estados brasileiros mais importantes deste setor. Realizaram-se análise documental de relatórios, artigos, livros e portais na web, e análise de conteúdo com o material das entrevistas. Como resultado, percebe-se que os diálogos se efetivam muito mais no campo produtivo técnico, envolvendo temas como genética industrial, leis ambientais, financiamentos, sanidade animal, preço da carne, entre outros assuntos, do que em torno das mudanças climáticas. Verificou-se baixa frequência de diálogos e a existência de assimetria, o que indica ausência de sinalização sistemática voltada para informar e formar os elos entre os agentes em toda a extensão da cadeia.

A Study of the Distribution of Sodium Cations in the Zeolites NaX, NaY and ZnNaY Using Carbon Monoxide Adsorption and 23Na NMR Techniques

Science.gov (United States)

Seidel, A.; Boddenberg, B.

1995-03-01

The zeolites NaX, NaY, Zn(55)NaY, and Zn(74)NaY were investigated by means of carbon monoxide adsorption and with static and magic angle spinning (MAS) 23Na NMR spectroscopy. The Na+ distribution between the sodalite (ß)- and supercages of the fully hydrated zeolites NaX and NaY were found to agree with XRD results. In the hydrated zinc-exchanged zeolites the Na+ ions almost exclusively populate the ß-cages. The adsorption isotherms of CO in the dehydrated zeolites were analyzed quantitatively to yield the concentrations of Na+ residing in the supercages. The measured static and MAS 23Na NMR spectra were analyzed by comparing their widths and shapes with simulated central transition patterns and yield, inter alia, the concentrations of Na+ associated with the spectrum components. Arguments are put forward that 23Na NMR of dehydrated zeolites is well suited to distinguish Na+ cations in highly symmetric environments and mobile Na+ species from others located on general positions, but further resolution is hardly feasible.

Comparación de la técnica de Dennis con los hallazgos hepáticos post - mortem para el diagnóstico de la fasciolosis bovina

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Alejandra Alvarez

2009-10-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio hace una comparación entre los resultados de la técnica de Dennis para diagnóstico de Fasciolosis bovina, frente a hallazgos post mortem, en hígados de bovinos faenados en la empresa Matadero de Tunja. Es un estudio experimental descriptivo, por cuanto expone los hallazgos en matadero frente a los arrojados por el método de Dennis. La población total de bovinos adultos fue de 2800, de los cuales se tomó una muestra de 139 animales. El muestreo se llevó a cabo durante el mes de febrero del año 2009. Los resultados indican que la técnica de Dennis no es lo suficientemente sensible para el diagnóstico de Fasciola hepática, por lo que se debe evaluar su uso rutinario.La técnica coprológica se fundamenta en el principio de sedimentación delos huevos, por lo tanto depende la salida de éstos en la materia fecal, lo que la hace poco efectiva para la detección del parásito. La razón de este estudiose sustenta en que la enfermedad se encuentra ampliamente distribuida en la región y en el país. Su diagnóstico se realiza rutinariamente mediante técnicas coprológicas aplicadas a los animales en los que se sospecha la enfermedad.

HCO3(-)-coupled Na+ influx is a major determinant of Na+ turnover and Na+/K+ pump activity in rat hepatocytes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fitz, J.G.; Lidofsky, S.D.; Weisiger, R.A.; Xie, M.H.; Cochran, M.; Grotmol, T.; Scharschmidt, B.F.

1991-01-01

Recent studies in hepatocytes indicate that Na(+)-coupled HCO3- transport contributes importantly to regulation of intracellular pH and membrane HCO3- transport. However, the direction of net coupled Na+ and HCO3- movement and the effect of HCO3- on Na+ turnover and Na+/K+ pump activity are not known. In these studies, the effect of HCO3- on Na+ influx and turnover were measured in primary rat hepatocyte cultures with 22Na+, and [Na+]i was measured in single hepatocytes using the Na(+)-sensitive fluorochrome SBFI. Na+/K+ pump activity was measured in intact perfused rat liver and hepatocyte monolayers as Na(+)-dependent or ouabain-suppressible 86Rb uptake, and was measured in single hepatocytes as the effect of transient pump inhibition by removal of extracellular K+ on membrane potential difference (PD) and [Na+]i. In hepatocyte monolayers, HCO3- increased 22Na+ entry and turnover rates by 50-65%, without measurably altering 22Na+ pool size or cell volume, and HCO3- also increased Na+/K+ pump activity by 70%. In single cells, exposure to HCO3- produced an abrupt and sustained rise in [Na+]i from approximately 8 to 12 mM. Na+/K+ pump activity assessed in single cells by PD excursions during transient K+ removal increased congruent to 2.5-fold in the presence of HCO3-, and the rise in [Na+]i produced by inhibition of the Na+/K+ pump was similarly increased congruent to 2.5-fold in the presence of HCO3-. In intact perfused rat liver, HCO3- increased both Na+/K+ pump activity and O2 consumption. These findings indicate that, in hepatocytes, net coupled Na+ and HCO3- movement is inward and represents a major determinant of Na+ influx and Na+/K+ pump activity. About half of hepatic Na+/K+ pump activity appears dedicated to recycling Na+ entering in conjunction with HCO3- to maintain [Na+]i within the physiologic range

The effect of Na vapor on the Na content of chondrules

Science.gov (United States)

Lewis, R. Dean; Lofgren, Gary E.; Franzen, Hugo F.; Windom, Kenneth E.

1993-01-01

Chondrules contain higher concentrations of volatiles (Na) than expected for melt droplets in the solar nebula. Recent studies have proposed that chondrules may have formed under non-canonical nebular conditions such as in particle/gas-rich clumps. Such chondrule formation areas may have contained significant Na vapor. To test the hypothesis of whether a Na-rich vapor would minimize Na volatilization reaction rates in a chondrule analog and maintain the Na value of the melt, experiments were designed where a Na-rich vapor could be maintained around the sample. A starting material with a melting point lower that typical chondrules was required to keep the logistics of working with Na volatilization from NaCl within the realm of feasibility. The Knippa basalt, a MgO-rich alkali olivine basalt with a melting temperature of 1325 +/- 5 C and a Na2O content of 3.05 wt%, was used as the chondrule analog. Experiments were conducted in a 1 atm, gas-mixing furnace with the fO2 controlled by a CO/CO2 gas mixture and fixed at the I-W buffer curve. To determine the extent of Na loss from the sample, initial experiments were conducted at high temperatures (1300 C - 1350 C) for duration of up to 72 h without a Na-rich vapor present. Almost all (up to 98%) Na was volatilized in runs of 72 h. Subsequent trials were conducted at 1330 C for 16 h in the presence of a Na-rich vapor, supplied by a NaCl-filled crucible placed in the bottom of the furnace. Succeeding Knudsen cell weight-loss mass-spectrometry analysis of NaCl determined the P(sub Na) for these experimental conditions to be in the 10(exp -6) atm range. This value is considered high for nebula conditions but is still plausible for non-canonical environments. In these trials the Na2O content of the glass was maintained or in some cases increased; Na2O values ranged from 2.62% wt to 4.37% wt. The Na content of chondrules may be controlled by the Na vapor pressure in the chondrule formation region. Most heating events capable

Detección de proteínas de adhesión a fibronectina y colágeno presentes en Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola

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Gisele Reyes

2007-12-01

Full Text Available Como parte de los estudios encaminados a la obtención de una formulación vacunal por subunidades contra la leptospirosis humana, se describe la purificación y caracterización de las proteínas de unión a fibronectina y a colágeno en Leptospira interrogans. Las proteínas de la membrana externa fueron extraídas mediante la solubilización con Tritón X-114 y se aplicaron en una columna de afinidad de IgG AntiBSA-Sepharose 2B CL, para eliminar la BSA, contaminante principal del medio de cultivo en que crece el microorganismo. La muestra libre de BSA (no fijado se aplicó a una columna de afinidad de fibronectina Sepharose 4B-CNBr, que permitió la separación y detección de una fracción que contenía una proteína de unión a fibronectina presente en la cepa 87 de Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola, cuyo peso molecular fue estimado en 40 kDa. La proteína aislada demostró ser antigénica y conservada en los serovares Canicola, Copenhageni y Mozdok, en el ensayo de inmunodetección utilizado en este estudio (Dot blot. Para ello se utilizaron sueros específicos obtenidos en ratas infectadas experimentalmente con cada serovar y una mezcla de sueros de humanos convalecientes de leptospirosis. Las proteínas de membrana externa solubilizadas con Tritón X-114, libres de BSA, fueron aplicadas también a una columna de afinidad colágeno-Sepharosa 4B-CNBr, que permitió la purificación de una proteína de unión a colágeno con un peso molecular de aproximadamente 25 kDa, la cual resultó ser antigénica frente a sueros de humanos convalecientes de la enfermedad. Ambas proteínas seleccionadas (40 kD y 25 kD podrían ser evaluadas como posibles inmunógenos en futuros estudios encaminados a la obtención de nuevos antígenos vacunales.

Na/K pump inactivation, subsarcolemmal Na measurements, and cytoplasmic ion turnover kinetics contradict restricted Na spaces in murine cardiac myocytes.

Science.gov (United States)

Lu, Fang-Min; Hilgemann, Donald W

2017-07-03

Decades ago, it was proposed that Na transport in cardiac myocytes is modulated by large changes in cytoplasmic Na concentration within restricted subsarcolemmal spaces. Here, we probe this hypothesis for Na/K pumps by generating constitutive transsarcolemmal Na flux with the Na channel opener veratridine in whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. Using 25 mM Na in the patch pipette, pump currents decay strongly during continuous activation by extracellular K (τ, ∼2 s). In contradiction to depletion hypotheses, the decay becomes stronger when pump currents are decreased by hyperpolarization. Na channel currents are nearly unchanged by pump activity in these conditions, and conversely, continuous Na currents up to 0.5 nA in magnitude have negligible effects on pump currents. These outcomes are even more pronounced using 50 mM Li as a cytoplasmic Na congener. Thus, the Na/K pump current decay reflects mostly an inactivation mechanism that immobilizes Na/K pump charge movements, not cytoplasmic Na depletion. When channel currents are increased beyond 1 nA, models with unrestricted subsarcolemmal diffusion accurately predict current decay (τ ∼15 s) and reversal potential shifts observed for Na, Li, and K currents through Na channels opened by veratridine, as well as for Na, K, Cs, Li, and Cl currents recorded in nystatin-permeabilized myocytes. Ion concentrations in the pipette tip (i.e., access conductance) track without appreciable delay the current changes caused by sarcolemmal ion flux. Importantly, cytoplasmic mixing volumes, calculated from current decay kinetics, increase and decrease as expected with osmolarity changes (τ >30 s). Na/K pump current run-down over 20 min reflects a failure of pumps to recover from inactivation. Simulations reveal that pump inactivation coupled with Na-activated recovery enhances the rapidity and effectivity of Na homeostasis in cardiac myocytes. In conclusion, an autoregulatory mechanism enhances cardiac Na/K pump activity when

Effeet of different concentration of calcium chloride in texture and aceitability of aged beef

OpenAIRE

Heinemann, Riana Jordão Barrozo [UNESP; Pinto, Marcos Franke [UNESP

2003-01-01

A maturação a vácuo é uma das alternativas tecnológicas mais utilizadas para melhorar e padronizar a textura da carne bovina. Nesse processo, o amaciamento decorre da ação de enzimas proteolíticas endógenas, dentre as quais se destacam as calpaínas, cuja atividade depende da presença de íons cálcio livres no sarcoplasma. Por isso, a adição de soluções de cloreto de cálcio promove um incremento na proteólise durante a maturação. No entanto, dependendo da concentração, esse sal pode causar a fo...

Partition of proteins in aqueous two-phase systems based on Cashew-nut tree gum and poly(ethylene glycol

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Leonie Asfora Sarubbo

2004-09-01

Full Text Available The partitioning of two proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA and trypsin was studied in an aqueous poly(ethylene glycol(PEG- Cashew-nut tree gum system. The phase diagram was provided for Cashew-nut tree gum and PEG molecular weight of 1500 at two different temperatures. The influence of several parameters including concentrations of polymers, pH, salt addition and temperature on the partitioning of these proteins were investigated.. The results of this research demonstrated the importance of the protein characteristics for partitioning in aqueous biphasic system.A partição de duas proteínas, albumina de soro bovino (BSA e tripsina foi estudada no sistema bifásico aquoso Polietileno glicol(PEG - Goma do cajueiro. O diagrama de fases foi estabelecido para a Goma do Cajueiro e para PEG de peso molecular 1500 em duas diferentes temperaturas. A influência de vários parâmetros na partição destas proteínas, incluindo concentração dos polímeros, pH, adição de sal e temperatura foi investigada. Os resultados desta pesquisa demonstraram a importância das características da proteína na partição em sistemas bifásicos aquosos.

Na+/Ca2+ exchange and Na+/K+-ATPase in the heart

Science.gov (United States)

Shattock, Michael J; Ottolia, Michela; Bers, Donald M; Blaustein, Mordecai P; Boguslavskyi, Andrii; Bossuyt, Julie; Bridge, John H B; Chen-Izu, Ye; Clancy, Colleen E; Edwards, Andrew; Goldhaber, Joshua; Kaplan, Jack; Lingrel, Jerry B; Pavlovic, Davor; Philipson, Kenneth; Sipido, Karin R; Xie, Zi-Jian

2015-01-01

This paper is the third in a series of reviews published in this issue resulting from the University of California Davis Cardiovascular Symposium 2014: Systems approach to understanding cardiac excitation–contraction coupling and arrhythmias: Na+ channel and Na+ transport. The goal of the symposium was to bring together experts in the field to discuss points of consensus and controversy on the topic of sodium in the heart. The present review focuses on cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchange (NCX) and Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA). While the relevance of Ca2+ homeostasis in cardiac function has been extensively investigated, the role of Na+ regulation in shaping heart function is often overlooked. Small changes in the cytoplasmic Na+ content have multiple effects on the heart by influencing intracellular Ca2+ and pH levels thereby modulating heart contractility. Therefore it is essential for heart cells to maintain Na+ homeostasis. Among the proteins that accomplish this task are the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) and the Na+/K+ pump (NKA). By transporting three Na+ ions into the cytoplasm in exchange for one Ca2+ moved out, NCX is one of the main Na+ influx mechanisms in cardiomyocytes. Acting in the opposite direction, NKA moves Na+ ions from the cytoplasm to the extracellular space against their gradient by utilizing the energy released from ATP hydrolysis. A fine balance between these two processes controls the net amount of intracellular Na+ and aberrations in either of these two systems can have a large impact on cardiac contractility. Due to the relevant role of these two proteins in Na+ homeostasis, the emphasis of this review is on recent developments regarding the cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX1) and Na+/K+ pump and the controversies that still persist in the field. PMID:25772291

Safety case for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel at Olkiluoto. Terrain and ecosystems development modelling in the biosphere assessment BSA-2012

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2013-12-01

This report is one of the four supporting reports for the three main biosphere reports in the safety case for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel at Olkiluoto, 'TURVA-2012'. The focus of this report is to detail the scenario analysis of terrain and ecosystems development at the Olkiluoto repository site within a time frame of 10 000 years, whereas the input data to this modelling is detailed in the Data Basis report. The results are used further especially in the surface and near-surface hydrological modelling and in the biosphere radionuclide transport and dose modelling, both part of the biosphere assessment 'BSA-2012' feeding into the safety case. Based on the results of the 18 cases simulated in the scenario analysis, it can be outlined that the most significant differences in respect of the dose implications of the repository arise from the inputs and settings affecting the rate of coastline retreat (i.e. land uplift and sea level) and determining whether there are croplands or not in the area. (orig.)

Respuesta estral y tasa de preñez en cabras en anestro estacional tratadas con progestágenos y somatotropina bovina

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Margarita Martínez Aguilar

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Se probó si la administración de la hormona del crecimiento bovino (bST durante el tratamiento para inducir la ovulación en cabras en anestro mejora la fertilidad. A 109 cabras adultas de 1 a 5 partos se les insertó una esponja intravaginal de acetato de fluorogestona (FGA durante 12 días. Al retirar la esponja todas las cabras recibieron 300 UI de gonadotropina coriónica equina (eCG. Cinco días antes de retirar el progestágeno, las cabras fueron asignadas al azar a dos grupos, 1 125 mg de bST vía subcutánea (n=53, 2 Testigo (n=56 sin bST. En siete cabras de cada grupo se determinaron las concentraciones de factor de crecimiento parecido a la insulina tipo I (IGF-I y de insulina diariamente a partir de la inyección de bST hasta el día 7 post estro. Una proporción mayor (P<0.05 de animales del grupo bST (73.5 % mostraron estro (testigo, 51.7 %. El porcentaje de concepción fue similar (P=0.12 entre grupos (bST, 82.0 % vs testigo, 65.5 %. La tasa de preñez fue mayor (P<0.01 en el grupo bST (60.3 % que en el testigo (33.9 %. La proporción de partos múltiples fue igual (P=0.9 entre los grupos (bST, 59 % vs testigo, 63 %. Las concentraciones de IGF-I e insulina fueron más altas (P<0.01 en el grupo bST. Se concluye que la administración de la hormona del crecimiento bovina durante el tratamiento para inducir la ovulación en cabras en anestro aumentó la proporción de animales en estro y la tasa de preñez.

Um imunoensaio rápido para a detecção de alfa-trembolona em urina bovina

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Keila Maria Roncato Duarte

2006-12-01

Full Text Available O Brasil está entre os países que mantêm o uso de anabolizantes proibido, o que gera dificuldades muito grandes no monitoramento destas substâncias, uma vez que possui o maior rebanho bovino. Contudo, diversas substâncias são largamente utilizadas, entre as quais o acetato de trembolona. Com o consentimento do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, foram produzidos anticorpos policlonais para um teste baseado em ELISA ("enzyme linked immunosorbent assay" capazes de detectar acetato de trembolona na urina de bovinos tratados com trembolona. O teste apresentou baixo custo e de fácil execução para a detecção de alfa-trembolone, o principal metabólito na absorção do acetato de trembolona, liberado na urina dos animais. Os resultados foram similares aos obtidos com o "kit" comercial usado pelo Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento do Brasil.

Altered Na+ transport after an intracellular alpha-subunit deletion reveals strict external sequential release of Na+ from the Na/K pump.

Science.gov (United States)

Yaragatupalli, Siddhartha; Olivera, J Fernando; Gatto, Craig; Artigas, Pablo

2009-09-08

The Na/K pump actively exports 3 Na(+) in exchange for 2 K(+) across the plasmalemma of animal cells. As in other P-type ATPases, pump function is more effective when the relative affinity for transported ions is altered as the ion binding sites alternate between opposite sides of the membrane. Deletion of the five C-terminal residues from the alpha-subunit diminishes internal Na(+) (Na(i)(+)) affinity approximately 25-fold [Morth et al. (2007) Nature 450:1043-1049]. Because external Na(+) (Na(o)(+)) binding is voltage-dependent, we studied the reactions involving this process by using two-electrode and inside-out patch voltage clamp in normal and truncated (DeltaKESYY) Xenopus-alpha1 pumps expressed in oocytes. We observed that DeltaKESYY (i) decreased both Na(o)(+) and Na(i)(+) apparent affinities in the absence of K(o)(+), and (ii) did not affect apparent Na(o)(+) affinity at high K(o)(+). These results support a model of strict sequential external release of Na(+) ions, where the Na(+)-exclusive site releases Na(+) before the sites shared with K(+) and the DeltaKESYY deletion only reduces Na(o)(+) affinity at the shared sites. Moreover, at nonsaturating K(o)(+), DeltaKESYY induced an inward flow of Na(+) through Na/K pumps at negative potentials. Guanidinium(+) can also permeate truncated pumps, whereas N-methyl-D-glucamine cannot. Because guanidinium(o)(+) can also traverse normal Na/K pumps in the absence of both Na(o)(+) and K(o)(+) and can also inhibit Na/K pump currents in a Na(+)-like voltage-dependent manner, we conclude that the normal pathway transited by the first externally released Na(+) is large enough to accommodate guanidinium(+).

Peracute bovine mastitis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae Mastite bovina hiperaguda causada por Klebsiella pneumoniae

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M.G. Ribeiro

2008-04-01

Full Text Available Relata-se a ocorrência de graves sintomas de mastite hiperaguda em vaca, causada por Klebsiella pneumoniae, na terceira semana de lactação. Descrevem-se aspectos epidemiológicos, sintomas clínicos, procedimentos de diagnóstico microbiológico, conduta terapêutica e medidas de controle.

A detailed study on the interaction of a novel water-soluble glycine bridged zinc(II) Schiff base coordination polymer with BSA: synthesis, crystal structure, molecular docking and cytotoxicity effect against A549, Jurkat and Raji cell lines

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Asadi, Z.; Golchin, M.; Eigner, Václav; Dušek, Michal; Amirghofran, Z.

2017-01-01

Roč. 465, Aug (2017), s. 50-60 ISSN 0020-1693 R&D Projects: GA MŠk LO1603; GA ČR(CZ) GA14-03276S EU Projects: European Commission(XE) CZ.2.16/3.1.00/24510 Institutional support: RVO:68378271 Keywords : water-soluble * coordination polymer * BSA * docking study * anticancer activity Subject RIV: BM - Solid Matter Physics ; Magnetism OBOR OECD: Condensed matter physics (including formerly solid state physics, supercond.) Impact factor: 2.002, year: 2016

Análise ergonômica do trabalho agrícola familiar na produção de leite The ergonomic work analysis of dairy family farmers

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Uiara Bandineli Montedo

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo trata da metodologia utilizada em uma intervenção ergonômica sobre organização do trabalho em Unidades de Produção Agrícola Familiar (UPAF produtoras de leite de origem bovina, na região oeste da França. Apresenta-se a metodologia utilizada, uma combinação de jornadas de observação e análise do trabalho e jornadas de formação-ação. Discutem-se a Crônica de Ação e o Plano de Utilização das Instalações (PUI, bem como a utilização destes no processo de conscientização do agricultor sobre a complexidade de seu trabalho. Apresenta-se a análise da "supervisão do rebanho", devido ao seu alto grau de complexidade e importância para o desempenho da produção de leite, explorando de que forma certos arranjos espaciais podem favorecer as condições para a realização desta tarefa. Na análise do trabalho agrícola familiar privilegia-se o olhar complexo sobre a situação de trabalho, visando identificar os determinantes, as fontes de variabilidade e as estratégias adotadas.This paper discusses the methodology of an ergonomic intervention applied on dairy family farming production units (FFPU based in Western France. Contents include a description of the methodology, the combination of observation sessions and work analysis, as well as learning-action sessions. The Action's Chronicle and the Plan of Buildings Destination (PBD are analyzed considering their influence on farmer's awareness about the complexity of dairy production activity. Since herd monitoring is a very complex practice and has huge impact on milk productivity, the influence of herd spatial distribution on working conditions is considered carefully. The complexity theory approach is applied in order to identify the causes, the sources of variability and the strategies adopted by dairy farmers.

Leptospires detection in kidney, liver and uterus of cows slaughtered in Paraná State, Brazil Detecção de leptospiras em rim, fígado e útero de fêmeas bovinas abatidas no estado do Paraná, Brasil

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Francielle Gibson da Silva

2005-03-01

Full Text Available The objective of this trial was to detect leptospires in fragments of kidney, liver and uterus of 96 cows with unknown sanitary status, randomly chosen at slaughter in Paraná, Brazil. All 96 urine samples were submitted to direct examination using dark field microscopy. Positive samples in the direct examination and all kidney, liver and uterus fragments were cultured in EMJH modified medium and Tween 80/40/LH. Sections cut of kidney, liver and uterus were stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE and indirect immunoperoxidase with hyperimmune serum against serovar Hardjo (Hardjoprajitno and strain Londrina 14 (LO14, from serovar Canicola, which was isolated in the northern region of Paraná state, Brazil, used as primary antibodies. Direct examination detected leptospires in the urine of four animals. All attempts to isolate leptospires from urine and kidney, liver and uterus fragments were negative after 16 weeks of incubation. In the HE stain, focal infiltrate of mononuclear inflammatory cells was observed in the renal interstitial area of most animals. In the indirect immunoperoxidase assay using hyperimmune serum against LO14 strain, the kidney of only one animal presented positive results. All fragments of kidney, liver and uterus tested with hyperimmune serum against serovar Hardjo were negative.O objetivo deste trabalho foi detectar leptospiras em fragmentos de rim, fígado e útero de 96 fêmeas bovinas com histórico sanitário desconhecido, escolhidas aleatoriamente durante o abate em um frigorífico no Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Todas as 96 amostras de urina foram submetidas ao exame direto em microscópio de campo escuro. As amostras positivas neste exame e todos os fragmentos de rim, fígado e útero foram semeados nos meios de cultura EMJH modificado e Tween 80/40/LH. Os cortes histológicos de rim, fígado e útero foram submetidos à coloração de Hematoxilina-Eosina (HE e a prova de imunoperoxidase indireta com soros hiperimunes

Active transport of Na+ by reconstituted Na,K-ATPase

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boldyrev, A.A.; Svinukhova, I.A.

1987-01-01

The ability of ATP, CTP, ITP, GTP, and UTP to support ouabain-sensitive accumulation of Na + by proteoliposomes with a reconstituted Na/K-pump was investigated. At a low [Na + ]/[K + ] ratio in the medium (20 mM/50 mM), a correlation is observed between the proton-accepting capacity of the nucleotide and its effectiveness as a substrate of active transport. To test the hypothesis of the importance of the presence of a negative charge in the 1-position of the purine (3-pyrimidine) base of the nucleotide for mutual transitions between the Na- and K-conformations of Na,K-ATPase they used two analogs of ATP: N 1 -hydroxy-ATP, possessing proton acceptor capacity, and N 1 -methoxy-ATP, in the molecule of which the negative charge is quenched by a methyl group. The first substrate supports active accumulation of Na + in proteoliposomes at the same rate as ATP, whereas the second substrate is relatively ineffective

Investigation on U - O - Na, Pu - O - Na and U,Pu - O - Na phase diagrams

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pillon, S.

1989-03-01

The thermochemical interaction between the nuclear fuel (uranium and plutonium mixed oxides) and the sodium has been investigated and particularly the three phase diagrams: U - O - Na; Pu - O - Na; U,Pu - O - Na. High temperature neutron diffraction, microcalorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction were used for the characterization of the compounds synthetized. This study allowed to complete the knowledge about each of these diagrams and to measure some physical and thermal properties on the compounds. The limits on the modelization of the fuel-sodium interaction are discussed from the results of the UO 2 - Na reaction [fr

Measurement of exchangeable sodium: 22Na or 24Na

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smith, T.; Edmonds, C.J.

1987-01-01

A case is made for the use of 22 Na in low activities in preference to 24 Na for routine diagnostic estimation of exchangeable sodium, and is based chiefly on considerations of availability, cost and radiation dosimetry. A method in which only 37 kBq (1 μCi) 22 Na is administered orally is shown to be sufficiently accurate and to possess distinct advantages in terms of cost and convenience with a committed radiation dose no greater than that for a measurement using 24 Na. (author)

Suppression of Na interstitials in Na-F codoped ZnO

Science.gov (United States)

Huo, Wenxing; Mei, Zengxia; Tang, Aihua; Liang, Huili; Du, Xiaolong

2018-04-01

Controlling the formation of interstitial Na (Nai) self-compensating defects has been a long-term physics problem for effective Na doping in ZnO. Herein, we present an experimental approach to the suppression of Nai defects in ZnO via Na and F codoping under an oxygen-rich condition during the molecular beam epitaxy growth process. It is found that the incorporation of such large numbers of Na and F dopants (˜1020 cm-3) does not cause an obvious influence on the lattice parameters. Hall-effect measurements demonstrate that F doping efficiently raises the Fermi level (EF) of ZnO films, which is expected to make the formation energy of Nai and NaZn increase and decrease, respectively. Most of the Na atoms occupy the substitutional Zn sites, and the formation of Nai is suppressed consequently. Secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements reveal that F and Na atoms are tightly bonded together due to their strong Coulomb interaction. The enhanced deep level emission (DLE) in ZnO:Na-F is ascribed to the considerable amount of isolated Zn vacancy (VZn) defects induced by the elevated EF and the formation of neutral (" separators="| FO + - Na Zn - ) 0 complexes. On the other hand, formation of (" separators="| FO + - VZn 2 - ) - complexes in ZnO:F exhausts most of the isolated Zn vacancies, leading to the disappearance of the DLE band.

OGLAŠEVANJE NA DRUŽBENIH OMREŽJIH NA PRIMERU FACEBOOKA

OpenAIRE

Novak, Martina

2012-01-01

V diplomskem delu obravnavamo družbene medije kot novo priložnost za promocijo in oglaševanje podjetij. Spoznali smo družbena omrežja na splošno in nekaj teh, ki jih uporabljamo tudi v Sloveniji na kratko predstavili. Podrobneje smo se osredotočili na družbeno omrežje Facebook, predvsem na samo spletno stran, njen izgled in storitve, ki jih ponuja uporabnikom. V nalogi je podrobneje opisan Facebook kot orodje za uporabo oglaševanja. Spoznali smo brezplačne in plačljive načine promocije in ogl...

Na+,K+-ATPase Na+ affinity in rat skeletal muscle fiber types

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kristensen, Michael; Juel, Carsten

2010-01-01

Previous studies in expression systems have found different ion activation of the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase isozymes, which suggest that different muscles have different ion affinities. The rate of ATP hydrolysis was used to quantify Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity, and the Na(+) affinity of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase...

Crystal structure of Na+, K(+)-ATPase in the Na(+)-bound state.

Science.gov (United States)

Nyblom, Maria; Poulsen, Hanne; Gourdon, Pontus; Reinhard, Linda; Andersson, Magnus; Lindahl, Erik; Fedosova, Natalya; Nissen, Poul

2013-10-04

The Na(+), K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) maintains the electrochemical gradients of Na(+) and K(+) across the plasma membrane--a prerequisite for electrical excitability and secondary transport. Hitherto, structural information has been limited to K(+)-bound or ouabain-blocked forms. We present the crystal structure of a Na(+)-bound Na(+), K(+)-ATPase as determined at 4.3 Å resolution. Compared with the K(+)-bound form, large conformational changes are observed in the α subunit whereas the β and γ subunit structures are maintained. The locations of the three Na(+) sites are indicated with the unique site III at the recently suggested IIIb, as further supported by electrophysiological studies on leak currents. Extracellular release of the third Na(+) from IIIb through IIIa, followed by exchange of Na(+) for K(+) at sites I and II, is suggested.

Avaliação de Matrizes de Carne Bovina na Produção de Itens de Ensaio de Proficiência para Pesquisa de Salmonella spp.*

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Marcelo Luiz Lima Brandão

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: Avaliar três tipos de matrizes cárneas (autoclavada a 121ºC/15 min, cozida por 20 min e enlatada na produção de itens de ensaio (IE contendo Salmonella spp., a serem utilizados em um Ensaio de Proficiência (EP, Material e Métodos: O lote de IE foi preparado utilizando a técnica de liofilização e a trealose como crioprotetor e avaliados quando a sua homogeneidade e estabilidade, Resultados: Os lotes produzidos com carne cozida e com carne enlatada não se apresentaram suficientemente homogêneos, Os IE produzidos em matriz carne autoclavada foram considerados suficientemente homogêneos e estáveis à temperatura de ≤-70ºC durante o período de quatro meses, No estudo de estabilidade em curta duração, os IE apresentaram-se suficientemente estáveis nas temperaturas de -20, 4 e 25ºC durante três dias, Conclusão: A carne autoclavada a 121ºC/15 min foi considerada uma matriz satisfatória para produção de IE contendo Salmonella spp, aplicáveis a um EP.

Meltability in system of K2TaF7-NaF-NaCl-KCl

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kartsev, V.E.; Kovalev, F.V.; Korshunov, B.G.

1975-01-01

Thermographic and visual-polythermal techniques were used to study the meltability in K 2 TaF 7 -NaF-NaCl-KCl system. The tetrahedron-forming sections NaF-NaCl-K 2 TaF 7 xKCl and NaF-K 2 TaF 7 xKCl-2K 2 TaF 7 xNaCl divide the concentration tetrahedron into three particular tetrahedra: NaF-K 2 TaF 7 xKCl-2K 2 TaF 7 xNaCl-K 2 TaF 7 , NaF-NaCl-K 2 TaF 7 xKCl-2K 2 TaF 7 xaCl, and NaF-NaCl-KCl-K 2 TaF 7 xKCl. Non-variant equilibrium points in all of the particular four-component systems have been determined

COMPORTAMIENTO PRODUCTIVO DE NOVILLOS PASTOREANDO EN TRÓPICO DE ALTU RA CON Y SIN SUPLEMENTACIÓN ENERGÉTICA

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C. P. Sossa

2015-01-01

Full Text Available En Colombia, la producción de carne bovina tradicionalmente se realiza en el trópico bajo, mientras que en el trópico de altura, los sistemas ganaderos predominantes son de lechería especializada. Las gramíneas de trópico alto son de mayor valor nutricional que las de trópico bajo, aunque pueden presentar un exceso de proteína, por lo cual una estrategia de suplementación debe basarse en la inclusión de materias primas energéticas. Al analizar la oferta de nutrientes en el pasto kikuyo (Pennisetum clandestinum se observan altos contenidos de proteína (20.6% y baja disponibilidad de energía (2.31 Mcal EM/ kg. Así, el presente estudio se realizó con el propósito de evaluar la producción de carne bovina en condiciones de trópico de altura (Santa Rosa de Osos, Antioquia. Durante 122 días se evaluó el crecimiento de 18 novillos de diversos cruces, que pastoreaban en dos grupos en praderas de kikuyo hasta alcanzar el peso de beneficio (420 kg. El primer grupo (peso inicial 316±370 kg recibió 0.55 kg/día de un suplemento energético a base de maíz, melaza y sebo (51%, 12% y 37%, respectivamente, mientras el segundo grupo (peso inicial 322,8±27.8 kg se encontraba sólo en pastoreo. Los animales suplementados (CS pastoreaban en 2.5 ha y los no suplementados (SS en 3.2 ha. Hubo una ganancia total de 78.8 y 73.3 kg de peso/novillo durante todo el período, equivalentes a ganar 646 y 601 gr/animal/día y a producir 848.5 y 617.1 kg de carne/ha/año en el sistema CS y SS, respectivamente. Cebar novillos en trópico de altura puede ser una actividad productiva exitosa, pero es necesario identificar, tanto el nivel de inclusión, como la fuente energética adecuada para mejorar la relación energía:proteína en la dieta de animales pastoreando P. clandestinum.

Nota Científica: Características físico-químicas e aceitação sensorial de hambúrguer de búfalo em comparação com hambúrguer bovino

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Fernanda Luiza Silva

2014-12-01

Full Text Available O propósito deste trabalho foi comparar parâmetros físico-químicos e sensoriais de hambúrgueres produzidos com carnes bovina ou bubalina, buscando alternativa para ampliar o consumo da carne de búfalos. Foram realizadas análises físico-químicas de composição centesimal (teores de proteína, umidade, gordura e cinzas, valor de pH, cor objetiva (L*, a* e b*, força de cisalhamento, perdas por cocção e redução de diâmetro (encolhimento. A aceitação sensorial foi avaliada por testes de aceitação utilizando-se escala hedônica de nove pontos para os atributos aparência, textura, suculência, sabor e qualidade global. Em relação à composição centesimal, as duas formulações apresentaram teores de umidade próximos a 65%, 1% de cinzas, 17% de proteínas e 13% de lipídeos. Não foram encontradas diferenças (p > 0,05 para os valores de pH (5,49-5,50, força de cisalhamento (0,62-0,86kgf, perdas por cocção (23,04-29,40% e redução de diâmetro (16,40-20,29%. As análises de cor também não diferiram (p > 0,05 entre as amostras, com valores médios próximos a 8, 4 e 10 para os parâmetros L*, a* e b*, respectivamente. Com relação à análise sensorial observou-se diferença estatística (p 0,05 na aceitação pelos consumidores, que atribuíram notas na faixa de 7 (gostei moderadamente a 8 (gostei muito. Pode-se concluir que o hambúrguer de carne bubalina apresenta parâmetros tecnológicos e aceitação sensorial similares ao hambúrguer de carne bovina, podendo portanto representar uma boa alternativa para ampliação do consumo da carne de búfalo.

Soroprevalência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii em bovinos e funcionários de matadouros da microrregião de Pato Branco, Paraná, Brasil Seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in cattle and slaughterhouse workers in the region of Pato Branco, Paraná, Brazil

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Heitor Daguer

2004-08-01

Full Text Available Visando avaliar a participação da carne bovina na epidemiologia da toxoplasmose, foram coletadas amostras de soro de 348 bovinos e de 64 funcionários em quatro matadouros da microrregião de Pato Branco, Estado do Paraná, Brasil. Os soros dos bovinos foram avaliados pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI e apresentaram soropositividade (IgG em 41,4% das amostras examinadas. O título mais freqüentemente encontrado foi o de 64 (92,4%. Nenhum animal apresentou título superior a 1024. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas em relação ao sexo, idade e procedência dos animais. Os soros humanos, avaliados pelos testes de RIFI e de ELISA (imunoensaio enzimático para IgG, apresentaram 67,2% e 84,4% de positividade, respectivamente. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas com relação às variáveis idade, sexo, tempo de serviço no abatedouro, contato com gatos e hábito de ingerir carne crua ou mal cozida. Os resultados sugerem que a carne bovina pode desempenhar importante papel na manutenção da toxoplasmose na região.In order to determine the role of bovine meat in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis, 348 serum samples were collected from cattle and 64 serum samples from slaughterhouse workers at four plants in the region of Pato Branco, Paraná state, southern Brazil. Cattle sera were examined by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT, showing an IgG-seropositivity of 41.4%. The most frequently titer found was 64 (92.4%. Maximum titer found was 1024. There was no significant difference concerning sex, age and origin of positive sera. Human sera were tested by the IFAT and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA, showing 67.2% and 84.4% of IgG-seropositivity, respectively. No significant difference was observed between prevalences and age, sex, duration of employment at slaughterhouse, contact with cats and eating raw or undercooked meat. Results suggest that bovine meat may be a possible source of

Characterization of bovine serum albumin partitioning behaviors in polymer-salt aqueous two-phase systems.

Science.gov (United States)

Chow, Yin Hui; Yap, Yee Jiun; Tan, Chin Ping; Anuar, Mohd Shamsul; Tejo, Bimo Ario; Show, Pau Loke; Ariff, Arbakariya Bin; Ng, Eng-Poh; Ling, Tau Chuan

2015-07-01

In this paper, a linear relationship is proposed relating the natural logarithm of partition coefficient, ln K for protein partitioning in poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG)-phosphate aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) to the square of tie-line length (TLL(2)). This relationship provides good fits (r(2) > 0.98) to the partition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in PEG (1450 g/mol, 2000 g/mol, 3350 g/mol, and 4000 g/mol)-phosphate ATPS with TLL of 25.0-50.0% (w/w) at pH 7.0. Results also showed that the plot of ln K against pH for BSA partitioning in the ATPS containing 33.0% (w/w) PEG1450 and 8.0% (w/w) phosphate with varied working pH between 6.0 and 9.0 exhibited a linear relationship which is in good agreement (r(2) = 0.94) with the proposed relationship, ln K = α' pH + β'. These results suggested that both the relationships proposed could be applied to correlate and elucidate the partition behavior of biomolecules in the polymer-salt ATPS. The influence of other system parameters on the partition behavior of BSA was also investigated. An optimum BSA yield of 90.80% in the top phase and K of 2.40 was achieved in an ATPS constituted with 33.0% (w/w) PEG 1450 and 8.0% (w/w) phosphate in the presence of 8.5% (w/w) sodium chloride (NaCl) at pH 9.0 for 0.3% (w/w) BSA load. Copyright © 2014 The Society for Biotechnology, Japan. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Active transport of Na/sup +/ by reconstituted Na,K-ATPase

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boldyrev, A.A.; Svinukhova, I.A.

1987-02-20

The ability of ATP, CTP, ITP, GTP, and UTP to support ouabain-sensitive accumulation of Na/sup +/ by proteoliposomes with a reconstituted Na/K-pump was investigated. At a low (Na/sup +/)/(K/sup +/) ratio in the medium (20 mM/50 mM), a correlation is observed between the proton-accepting capacity of the nucleotide and its effectiveness as a substrate of active transport. To test the hypothesis of the importance of the presence of a negative charge in the 1-position of the purine (3-pyrimidine) base of the nucleotide for mutual transitions between the Na- and K-conformations of Na,K-ATPase they used two analogs of ATP: N/sub 1/-hydroxy-ATP, possessing proton acceptor capacity, and N/sub 1/-methoxy-ATP, in the molecule of which the negative charge is quenched by a methyl group. The first substrate supports active accumulation of Na/sup +/ in proteoliposomes at the same rate as ATP, whereas the second substrate is relatively ineffective.

Isolamento de agentes bacterianos envolvidos em mastite subclinica bovina no Estado de Pernambuco.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

T. C. F. Barbalho

2005-03-01

Full Text Available RESUMO: Foram examinadas 43 vacas em lactação totalizando 104 quartos mamários os quais foram positivos ao California Mastitis Test (CMT. Antes da ordenha realizava-se a antisepsia dos quartos mamários e em seguida colhia-se amostras de cinco mL de leite; estas eram homogeneizadas e uma alíquota de 0,01 mL era semeada na superfície de ágar sangue bovino a 5% e incubados em estufa bacteriológica a 37º C ,sendo as leituras efetuadas após 24 e 48 horas de incubação. Staphylococcus sp. foi o agente mais freqüente neste tipo de mastite e na região estudada. PALAVRAS CHAVE: Mastite subclínica, Bovinos, Staphylococcus sp. SUMMARY: In this study were investigated 43 milking cows including 104 quarters of the udder that were positive for California Mastitis Teste (CMT. For that purpose the antisepsis before the milking was performed in the quarters and five ml of milk were colected asseptically and homogenized. Samples of 10 ml were inoculated at surface of Bovine Blood Agar and incubated at 37°C for 24-48 h. Isolates were identifed by Standart Bacteriological Techniques. The results showed that Stapylococcus sp were the microorganism most frequently isolated. KEYWORDS: Subclinical mastitis, Bovine, Staphylococcus sp.

Relationship between intracellular Na+ concentration and reduced Na+ affinity in Na+,K+-ATPase mutants causing neurological disease

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Toustrup-Jensen, Mads Schak; Einholm, Anja P.; Schack, Vivien

The neurological disorders familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2), alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), and rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism (RDP) are caused by mutations of Na+,K+-ATPase α2 and α3 isoforms, expressed in glial and neuronal cells, respectively. Although these disorders......, addressing the question to what extent they cause a change of the intracellular Na+ and K+ concentrations ([Na+]i and [K+]i) in COS cells. C-terminal extension mutants generally showed dramatically reduced Na+ affinity without disturbance of K+ binding, as did other RDP mutants. No phosphorylation from ATP...

MOŽNOSTI VSTOPA NA TUJE TRGE NA PRIMERU PODJETJA AWOODTURE

OpenAIRE

Orličnik, Urša

2014-01-01

Danes pojavljanje podjetja samo na domačem trgu ni več dovolj. Spremembe okolja, naraščanje konkurence ter hiter tehnološki napredek, silijo podjetja k nenehnemu prilagajanju in iskanju novih priložnosti tako na domačem kot tudi na tujem trgu. Internacionalizacija podjetja tako postaja vedno bolj pomemembna za preživetje podjetja. Internacionalizacija se v najširšem smislu nanaša na vse oblike mednarodnega ekonomskega sodelovanja. Je dinamičen proces, kateremu nujno sledi sprememba stanja...

Aspectos de la respuesta inmune innata en las infecciones intramamarias causadas por Staphylococcus aureus en bovinos

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Elizabet A.L Pereyra

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Staphylococcus aureus es el principal agente causante de mastitis bovina en Argentina y en el mundo. Esta bacteria ocasiona infecciones crónicas que generan importantes pérdidas a los productores y la industria lechera. El objetivo de este artículo es caracterizar los mecanismos que intervienen en la infección causada por S. aureus en la glándula mamaria bovina, evaluando dos aspectos diferentes del proceso infeccioso: por un lado, lo vinculado con la respuesta inmune innata por parte del hospedador, y por otro, la capacidad de la bacteria para evadir el sistema inmune e interactuar con diferentes tipos celulares. La exploración de la interacción de S. aureus con el sistema inmune de la glándula mamaria bovina permitirá identificar blancos para delinear nuevas alternativas preventivas o curativas, que contribuyan a evitar o eliminar las infecciones causadas por este organismo.

Na/K pump inactivation, subsarcolemmal Na measurements, and cytoplasmic ion turnover kinetics contradict restricted Na spaces in murine cardiac myocytes

OpenAIRE

Lu, Fang-Min; Hilgemann, Donald W.

2017-01-01

The Na/K pump exports cytoplasmic Na ions while importing K ions, and its activity is thought to be affected by restricted intracellular Na diffusion in cardiac myocytes. Lu and Hilgemann find instead that the pump can enter an inactivated state and that inactivation can be relieved by cytoplasmic Na.

Caracterização genética da raça bovina Crioulo Lageano por marcadores moleculares RAPD Genetic characterization of Criollo Lageano cattle by RAPD markers

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Álvaro Spritze

2003-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi a caracterização genética da raça bovina Crioulo Lageano por marcadores RAPD em comparação com as raças Holandesa e Nelore. Foram selecionados 43 primers, que geraram 77 bandas polimórficas. Os animais foram distribuídos em cinco subgrupos de Crioulo Lageano (I a V, e um subgrupo em cada uma das raças Holandesa (VI e Nelore (VII. A maior parte da variância genética total (65,05% foi causada pela diferença de indivíduos dentro dos grupos, e o restante pelas diferenças entre grupos. A análise conjunta dos grupos I a V apresentou variabilidade genética entre grupos de 25,28% e dentro dos grupos de 74,72%. A diversidade gênica vem se mantendo ao longo das gerações no núcleo de conservação do Crioulo Lageano. A raça Holandesa apresentou a menor diversidade gênica (0,1204, e a Crioulo Lageano a maior (0,3154. A maior distância genética (0,3747 foi entre as raças Nelore e Holandesa. Os grupos de Crioulo Lageano apresentaram diferenças entre si e apenas alguns indivíduos de cada grupo posicionaram-se junto a outros grupos. A técnica RAPD é capaz de estimar a distância genética entre raças ou populações e de auxiliar na escolha de indivíduos, visando aos trabalhos de conservação de recursos genéticos.The objective of this study was to characterize genetically the Crioulo Lageano cattle breed, using RAPD markers and compare it to the Holstein and Nelore breeds. Forty three primers were selected, and they generated 77 polymorphic bands. Seven groups were studied: 5 subgroups of Crioulo Lageano (I to V and one each Holstein (VI and Nellore (VII. Using all groups, the greater part of the genetic variance (65.05% was due to differences within groups and the rest due to differences between groups. Using five Crioulo Lageano groups (I to V the results showed 25.28% variation between groups and 74.72% within groups. Genetic diversity has been maintained throughout the generations in this

GROWTH RESPONSE OF CLOWN LOACH (Chromobotia macracanthus Bleeker 1852 JUVENILES IMMERSED IN WATER CONTAINING RECOMBINANT GROWTH HORMONE

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Asep Permana

2015-12-01

Full Text Available The main problem in the culture of clown loach (Chromobotia macracanthus is the slow growth rate, which takes about six months to reach its market size (two inches total body length. Slow growth eventually cause a long production time and increase the production costs. An alternative solution can be proposed in order to enhance the growth is by using recombinant growth hormone. The aim of this study was to determine the immersion dose of recombinant Epinephelus lanceolatus growth hormone (rElGH which can generate the highest growth in clown loach. Larvae at seven day after hatching were hyperosmotic treated with NaCl 2.0% for one minute, then immersed for one hour in water containing 0.3% NaCl, 0.01% bovine serum albumin (BSA, and different doses of rElGH, namely: 0.12 (treatment A, 1.2 (B, 12 (C, and 120 mg/L (D. As control, fish were immersed in water without rElGH and NaCl (control-1, water containing 0.3% NaCl and 0.01% BSA (control-2, and 0.3% NaCl water (control-3. Each treatment was replicated three times. The results showed that clown loach juveniles in treatment B, C, and D had longer total body length (P0.05. In addition, the percentage of large size juveniles increased approximately 5% in treatment B, almost the same as in the medium size, while the small size were decrease compared to the control-1. Thus, the best immersion dose of rElGH was 1.2 mg/L water.

Diagnostic of the swine meat consumer profile in Aquidauana-MS Diagnóstico do perfil do consumidor de carne suína no município de Aquidauana-MS

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Diovani Paiano

2011-03-01

Full Text Available This work aimed to diagnose the pork meat consumer profile in the city of Aquidauana-MS as the product knowledge and factors related to choice, frequency and amount of meat consumed. The diagnosis was made through semi-structured interviews with consumers directly at sale point. The preference for consumption of beef, chicken and fish, in instead of pork was observed, however, a significant part of the population said it was ready to increase this consumption. The highest frequency of pork meat consumption was once a month. The most consumed were processed bologna, ham, sausage and bacon. Reasons for not consuming pork were not being appreciated and considered a unhealthy food because of the high fat and cholesterol. Ignorance of production method, origin, nutrition, and the many ways to buy and prepare the pork has led to ratify the low local consumption. Consumers of pork meat consider it tasty and tender, however, unhealthy and expensive. Among the factors that could increase consumption stood out promotions, reduction of fat and cholesterol and reduction of price. Are suggested campaigns to increase consumption of pork meat based, especially in low prices, focused on clarifications regarding the nutritional and health qualities, and actions that allow people to find new ways of preparation and consumption.Este trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de diagnosticar o perfil do consumidor de carne suína no município de Aquidauana-MS quanto ao conhecimento do produto e os fatores relacionados à escolha, periodicidade e quantidade de carne consumida. O diagnóstico foi realizado por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com consumidores diretamente nos postos de venda. Houve preferência no consumo de carne bovina, frango e peixes, e a carne suína mostrou-se a menos consumida, porém, uma parcela expressiva da população afirmou estar disposta a aumentar este consumo. A maior frequência de consumo de carne suína foi de uma vez ao mês e os

ESTUDIO ECONÓMICO DE LA INFECCIÓN POR Brucella abortus EN GANADO BOVINO DE LA REGIÓN DEL SUMAPAZ, COLOMBIA

OpenAIRE

N. E. Arenas; V. Moreno

2016-01-01

La brucelosis bovina es una de las enfermedades zoonóticas de mayor prevalencia enColombia y su impacto económico es poco conocido. El objetivo del presente estudiofue evaluar los costos generados por los casos de brucelosis registrados entre pequeñosy medianos productores ganaderos de la región del Sumapaz, Colombia. Se realizó unestudio descriptivo basado en una encuesta que incluyó egresos registrados por los casosde brucelosis bovina con diagnóstico confirmado en 25 unidades productivas g...

ESTUDIO ECONÓMICO DE LA INFECCIÓN POR Brucella abortus EN GANADO BOVINO DE LA REGIÓN DEL SUMAPAZ, COLOMBIA

OpenAIRE

Arenas, N. E; Moreno, V

2016-01-01

La brucelosis bovina es una de las enfermedades zoonóticas de mayor prevalencia en Colombia y su impacto económico es poco conocido. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los costos generados por los casos de brucelosis registrados entre pequeños y medianos productores ganaderos de la región del Sumapaz, Colombia. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo basado en una encuesta que incluyó egresos registrados por los casos de brucelosis bovina con diagnóstico confirmado en 25 unidades producti...

Effect of the extract of persimmon (Diospyros kaki L. cv. ‘Rama Forte’and rosemary oily extract (Rosmarinus officinalis L. on the sensory characteristics and color stability of frozen beef burgersEfeito de extratos de caqui (Diospyros kaki L. cultivar Rama Forte e do extrato oleoso de alecrim (Rosmarinus officinalis L. nas características sensoriais e na estabilidade da cor de hambúrguer de carne bovina congelado

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Leadir Lucy Martins Fries

2012-06-01

da cor de hambúrguer de carne bovina congelado. Para tanto foi elaborado o extrato hidroetanólico bruto que foi fracionado obtendo-se a fração hexânica, clorofórmica, de acetato de etila e a fração residual. Para o preparo das amostras de hambúrguer foi elaborada uma formulação básica que foi dividida em partes: controle, padrão (formulação adicionada de 0,1% de eritorbato de sódio, tratamento 1 (0,5% de extrato hidroetanólico bruto, tratamento 2 (0,7% de extrato hidroetanólico bruto, tratamento 3 (0,5% da fração residual, tratamento 4 (0,7% da fração residual, tratamento 5 (0,5% da fração acetato de etila, tratamento 6 (0,7% da fração acetato de etila e tratamento 7 (0,10% de extrato oleoso de alecrim. As amostras de hambúrguer foram armazenadas a –25 ºC por 14 meses e submetidas a análise sensorial (cor, aroma, sabor e textura no início do experimento e a determinação da cor (L*, a*, b* e h* a cada 2 meses. A adição dos extratos não promoveu alteração dos atributos sensoriais do hambúrguer bovino no tempo zero de armazenamento. Ocorreu tendência de diminuição dos valores de a* e aumento dos valores de h* das amostras de hambúrguer congeladas ao longo do período de armazenamento. As amostras adicionadas da fração acetato de etila (0,5 e 0,7% e do extrato oleoso de alecrim apresentaram maiores valores de a* que as demais amostras ao longo do período de armazenamento e menores valores de h* que a amostra padrão, no final do período avaliado, indicando que a adição da fração acetato de etila e do extrato de alecrim contribuiram na retenção e estabilidade da cor vermelha das amostras de hambúrguer de carne bovina durante o período de armazenamento do produto congelado.

Vpliv toplotnih mostov na porabo energije za ogrevanje na primeru osnovne šole

OpenAIRE

Megušar, Primož

2015-01-01

Na primeru Osnovne šole Dobrova sem preveril, kakšen vpliv imajo dejanski toplotni mostovi na porabo energije za ogrevanje. Iz načrtov stavbe sem evidentiral vse toplotne mostove, kateri vplivajo na porabo energije. Tem toplotnim mostovom sem nato v standardu SIST EN ISO 14683 poiskal ustrezne približke. Nato sem s programom TOST izvedel tri simulacije. V prvem primeru toplotnih mostov nisem upošteval. V drugem primeru sem toplotne mostove upošteval na poenostavljen način, v zadnjem primeru p...

Na and K dependence of the Na/K pump in cystic fibrosis fibroblasts.

OpenAIRE

Reznik, V M; Schneider, J A; Mendoza, S A

1981-01-01

The Na and K dependence of the Na/K pump was measured in skin fibroblasts from patients with cystic fibrosis and age/sex-matched controls. Under basal conditions, there was no difference between control and cystic fibrosis cells in protein per cell, intracellular Na and K content, or Na/K pump activity (measured as ouabain-sensitive 86Rb uptake). There was no difference in the Na dependence of the Na/K pump between cystic fibrosis cells and control cells. In cells from patients with cystic fi...

Adsorption of acidic, basic, and neutral proteins from aqueous samples using Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles modified with an ionic liquid

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kamran, S.; Asadi, M.; Absalan, G.

2013-01-01

We have prepared and characterized Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles and their binary mixtures (IL-Fe 3 O 4 ) with 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide as ionic liquid for use in the adsorption of lysozyme (LYS), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and myoglobin (MYO). The optimum operational conditions for the adsorption of proteins (at 0.05-2.0 mg mL -1 ) were 4.0 mg mL -1 of nanoparticles and a contact time of 10 min. The maximum adsorption capacities are 455, 182 and 143 mg for LYS, BSA, and MYO per gram of adsorbent, respectively. The Langmuir model better fits the adsorption isotherms, with adsorption constants of 0.003, 0.015 and 0.008 L mg -1 , in order, for LYS, BSA, MYO. The applicability of two kinetic models including pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order model was estimated on the basis of comparative analysis of the corresponding rate parameters, equilibrium adsorption capacity and correlation coefficients. The adsorption processes are endothermic. The proteins can be desorbed from the nanoparticles by using NaCl solution at pH 9.5, and the nanoparticles thus can be recycled. (author)

Vliv mikroflóry na senzorické vlastnosti vína

OpenAIRE

Petrášová, Ludmila

2014-01-01

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá vlivem mikroflóry na senzorické vlastnosti vína. Teoretická část informuje o botanickém popisu hroznů vína Veltlínské zelené, dále o jeho složení, o technologii zpracování bílého vína a o vlivu kvasinek na aromatický profil vína. V další části popisuje metodu stanovení aromaticky aktivních látek pomocí plynové chromatografie v kombinaci s mikroextrakcí tuhou fází (SPME-GC). Cílem experimentální části bylo proměřit vzorky 4 různých moštů odrůdy Veltlínské zelené...

Protein-adsorption and Ca-phosphate formation on chitosan-bioactive glass composite coatings

Science.gov (United States)

Wagener, V.; Boccaccini, A. R.; Virtanen, S.

2017-09-01

In the last years, chitosan-bioactive glass (BG) composites have been developed and investigated as bioactive coatings for orthopedic applications. The increase of bioactivity occurs due to the stimulation of calcium-phosphate/hydroxyapatite formation on the surface while the coating is degrading. In the present work, protein adsorption and its influence on calcium-phosphate precipitation was studied for the first time on such composite coatings. The experiments involved coating of 316L stainless steel substrates with chitosan (Ch) and chitosan-bioactive glass (Ch-BG) and immersion of the coated samples in two different bovine serum albumin (BSA) containing solutions, namely DI H2O (with pH adjusted to about 7.2 with diluted NaOH) and simulated body fluid (SBF). In order to investigate the influence of protein adsorption on calcium-phosphate precipitation, samples were also immersed in DI H2O and in SBF without BSA. Samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Surface analysis revealed that adsorption of BSA takes place on all studied samples and that protein adsorption is influenced by the presence of Ca2+ and PO43- ions. Bioactivity in the form of hydroxyapatite pre-stage formation is significantly increased on Ch-BG composite coating as compared with bare stainless steel surface. However, calcium-phosphate precipitation in SBF is reduced by the presence of BSA.

Evaluación de un antígeno de Brucella abortus para aglutinación en placa como prueba tamiz en el diagnóstico de la brucelosis bovina

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David Rajme-Manzur

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo obtener y validar un antígeno buferado de Brucella abortus para la prueba de aglutinación en placa como prueba diagnóstica de base de la brucelosis bovina. Se formularon tres lotes de antígeno a partir de la multiplicación de la cepa 99 de Brucella abortus. Se realizaron los controles de calidad correspondientes (determinación de pH, volumen celular, esterilidad, capacidad buferante y las pruebas serológicas para la evaluación del desempeño. Se emplearon 1070 muestras de suero bovino (350 positivas y 720 negativas previamente controladas con las pruebas de diagnóstico establecidas. Se determinó la sensibilidad y especificidad diagnóstica y relativa, los valores predictivos positivos y negativos, la eficacia y la concordancia. En los tres lotes todas las características evaluadas resultaron estar dentro de los parámetros establecidos para este tipo de producto. La especificidad y sensibilidad diagnósticas fueron de 99,5% y 100% respectivamente. El valor predictivo positivo fue de 99,1%, el valor predictivo negativo fue de 100% y la eficacia de un 99,7%. El antígeno mostró una sensibilidad y especificidad relativas de un 100% y la concordancia resultó ser clasificada como muy buena. La evaluación del desempeño arrojó resultados satisfactorios, demostrando que el método de producción empleado es factible para la obtención de un producto con adecuada eficacia.

Gradient-dependent release of the model drug TRITC-dextran from FITC-labeled BSA hydrogel nanocarriers in the hair follicles of porcine ear skin.

Science.gov (United States)

Tran, Ngo Bich Nga Nathalie; Knorr, Fanny; Mak, Wing Cheung; Cheung, Kwan Yee; Richter, Heike; Meinke, Martina; Lademann, Jürgen; Patzelt, Alexa

2017-07-01

Hair follicle research is currently focused on the development of drug-loaded nanocarriers for the targeting of follicular structures in the treatment of skin and hair follicle-related disorders. In the present study, a dual-label nanocarrier system was implemented in which FITC-labeled BSA hydrogel nanocarriers loaded with the model drug and dye TRITC-dextran were applied topically to porcine ear skin. Follicular penetration and the distribution of both dyes corresponding to the nanocarriers and the model drug in the follicular ducts subsequent to administration to the skin were investigated using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The release of TRITC-dextran from the particles was induced by washing of the nanocarriers, which were kept in a buffer containing TRITC-labeled dextran to balance out the diffusion of the dextran during storage, thereby changing the concentration gradient. The results showed a slightly but statistically significantly deeper follicular penetration of fluorescent signals corresponding to TRITC-dextran as opposed to fluorescence corresponding to the FITC-labeled particles. The different localizations of the dyes in the cross-sections of the skin samples evidenced the release of the model drug from the labeled nanoparticles. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Leptospirosis serosurvey in bovines from Brazilian Pantanal using IGG ELISA with recombinant protein LipL32 and microscopic agglutination test Sorodiagnóstico de leptospirose em bovinos do Pantanal brasileiro utilizando ELISA IgG com proteína recombinante LipL32 e soroaglutinação microscópica

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Renata Graça Pinto Tomich

2007-12-01

Full Text Available This investigation was carried out in Brazilian Pantanal: region with important biodiversity. This region's climatic conditions, hydrology and geomorphology as well as the existence of great variety of wild species favor the maintenance of the Leptospira in the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate IgG ELISA with recombinant protein LipL32 in comparison with microscopic agglutination test (MAT and additionally contribute to the knowledge of the distribution of the one of most important worldwide zoonotic infection, assessing the seropositivity of bovine leptospirosis in beef cattle herds of Brazilian Pantanal, an important ecological preserved area, where cattle constitute not only the most important economic resource but also the major activity compatible of the conservation of natural resource of the region. Out of 282 samples of cattle serum analyzed, 143 (50.71% were positive in MAT. The serovar Hardjo (genotypic Hardjoprajitno and Hardjobovis, Wolffi and Ballum showed the largest frequency of reactive samples. In the IgG ELISA rLipL32, 161 samples (57.09% were positive. This result was higher than obtained by MAT (pEste estudo foi realizado no Pantanal brasileiro: região que apresenta importante biodiversidade. As condições de clima, hidrologia e geomorfologia dessa região, bem como a existência de grande variedade de espécies animais silvestres, favorecem a manutenção da Leptospira no meio ambiente. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o ELISA IgG com proteína recombinante LipL32 em comparação com a soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM para o diagnóstico sorológico de Leptospira. Adicionalmente, contribuir para o conhecimento da distribuição da leptospirose bovina, uma das mais importantes zoonoses mundialmente distribuída. Foi avaliada a soropositividade para essa bactéria em rebanhos bovinos de corte da região do Pantanal, uma área onde o bovino constitui não apenas o recurso econômico mais importante

Problematica del mal de las vacas locas y consecuencias

OpenAIRE

Fernandez Boj, Olga

2003-01-01

El presente trabajo se basa en el estudio sobre una enfermedad que causa una especie de locura en los bovinos denominada encefalitis espongiforme bovina, (EEB) y que también puede afectar al hombre con el nombre de Creutzfeldt-Jakob. La EEB (enfermedad espongiforme bovina) esta vinculada con el scrapie una enfermedad también prionica que se conoce desde hace 250 años y que afecta a las ovejas. Todo comenzó 1883 cuando una vaca tenia los mismos signos clínicos que las ovejas, per...

Factores asociados a mastitis en vacas de la microcuenca lechera del altiplano norte de Antioquia, Colombia

OpenAIRE

Ramírez Vásquez, Nicolás; Arroyave Henao, Ofelia; Cerón-Muñoz, Mario; Jaramillo, Manuel; Cerón, Juan; Palacio, Luis Guillermo

2011-01-01

Se efectuó un estudio de corte sobre la prevalencia de mastitis bovina en una muestra representativa de las granjas lecheras del altiplano norte de Antioquia, Colombia. Se evaluaron los resultados del California Mastitis Test (CMT), Recuento de Células Somáticas (RCS) y cultivo bacteriológico de leche, y se analizaron los factores de riesgo asociados a mastitis bovina. El análisis estadístico de la información se efectuó por medio de estadística descriptiva, análisis de razón de prevalencias ...

PERFIL ETIOLÓGICO DA MASTITE BOVINA NA BACIA LEITEIRA DE SANTA IZABEL DO OESTE, PARANÁ

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Lucianne Leigue dos Santos

2010-12-01

Full Text Available Clinical or sub-clinical mastitis are the main illnesses that affect dairy herds, with impact on the economy, the industry, and with consequence to public health. Considering that the city of Santa Izabel do Oeste is located in the second bigger milk region of Paraná state, and that mastitis cases are epidemiologically classified as ambient or contagious, the purpose of this study was to identify possible etiologic agents of bovine mastitis, by the use of a preliminary, fast and cheap diagnostic method to differentiate these types of illness, to orient treatment and prophylactic measures. Two triplates were employed. Triplate I was composed by blood agar, bile-esculine agar and mannitol-salt agar, while triplate II was composed by MacConkey agar; Baird-Parker agar and sabouraud-dextrose agar with cloranfenicol. Additionally, a tube with sabouraud-dextrose agar with cloranfenicol incubated at room temperature temperature was used for the research of filamentous moulds. It was observed that the great majority of the isolated samples had Staphylococcus coagulase negative, coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, no-fermenters bacilli gram negative, Coryneforms, Streptococcus spp. and Streptococcus agalactiae.

Study of the Na-C-O and Na-H-O ternary systems in the sodium rich corner

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maupre, J.-P.

1978-02-01

The purpose of this study is to provide a contribution to the understanding of the sodium - carbon - oxygen and sodium - hydrogen - oxygen ternary systems in the sodium rich corner. In order to do this the Na-NaH-Na 2 O-NaOH phase diagram was completed and the Na-Na 2 O-Na 2 CO 3 -C phase diagram was outlined. This work is made up of two parts. The first is devoted to a critical literature survey essential to establish correct phase diagrams. The second is an experimental study followed by a discussion collating our finding to the literary data. The basic experimental technique used is differential thermal analysis (DTA) but it has been completed by quenching, X-ray and chemical analysis methods. The proposed phase diagrams imply that Na-NaH-Na 2 O-NaOH and Na-Na 2 O-Na 2 CO 3 -C systems are reciprocal ternary systems. Temperatures of stable pairs reversal are respectively 410 and 690 0 C. The stable pairs are Na-NaOH and Na-Na 2 CO 3 at elevated temperature, Na 2 O-NaH and Na 2 O-C at low temperature [fr

Response of saliva Na/K ratio to changing Na supply of lactating cows under tropical conditions.

Science.gov (United States)

Thiangtum, Wandee; Schonewille, J Thomas; Verstegen, Martin Wa; Arsawakulsudhi, Supot; Rukkwamsuk, Theera; Hendriks, Wouter H

2017-06-01

Factorial determination of the sodium (Na) requirement of heat-stressed lactating cows is hindered by accurate estimates of the Na losses through sweat. Direct studies, therefore, may be needed requiring information on the time course of healthy animals to become Na depleted and the subsequent rate of repletion. The rate of Na depletion and subsequent rate of Na repletion with two levels of dietary Na to lactating dairy cows housed under tropical conditions were investigated using the salivary Na/K. The 12 lactating cows (salivary Na/K ratio 14.6) rapidly developed clinical signs of Na deficiency, including pica, polyuria and polydipsia, reduced body weight and reduced milk yield when fed a low-Na ration (0.33 g kg -1 dry matter (DM)) for 3 weeks. Deficiency symptoms were associated with a rapid decrease in salivary Na/K ratio to cows with NaCl to a ration concentration of 1.1 or 1.6 g Na kg -1 DM for 5 weeks did not restore salivary Na/K ratio to values of >6. A daily Na intake of heat-stressed lactating cows to a ration intake of 1.6 g Na kg -1 DM was insufficient to restore Na deficiency. One week was sufficient to deplete heat-stressed lactating cows of Na, allowing for rapid dose-response studies utilizing the salivary Na/K ratio as a parameter for Na status of cows under tropical conditions. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

Extension model of lactation curves to evaluate the effect of the recombinant bovine somatotropin on milk yield in Holstein cows Modelo de extensão de curvas de lactação para avaliar o efeito da somatotropina bovina recombinante sobre a produção de leite em vacas Holstein

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A. Palacios-Espinosa

2010-02-01

Full Text Available An extension model of lactation curves was used to determine the effect of recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST-r on milk yield in Holstein dairy cattle. This model use the fitted values obtained by the Wood model, and was tested on the records of 66 cows. The milk yield predicted with the extension model and the observed yield were compared and no significant differences were observed (P>0.05. Once the extension model was validated, the milk yield tests of 199 cows were used. The cows received bST-r 500mg by subcutaneous injections. The injections were applied after 100 days in milk at 14-day intervals (seven injections. The observed milk yield was compared with the yield expected by the extension model. An increase of 5.3% was observed in milk yield in response to the bST-r. This increase is lower than that reported in the literature in response to the growth hormone in dairy cattle. It is concluded that extension model used in the present work is reliable for extending the lactation curve in Holstein cows, and the increase in milk yield in response to the application of bST-r, determined in the same animal using the extension model, was lower than that reported by other authors.Um modelo de extensão de curvas de lactância foi utilizado para determinar o efeito da somatotropina bovina recombinante (bST-r sobre a produção de leite em vacas Holstein. Este modelo, que utiliza os valores ajustados obtidos pelo modelo de Wood, foi testato nos registros de 66 vacas. A produção de leite predita com o modelo de extensão e a produção observada foram comparadas e não se observaram diferenças significativas (P>0,05. Uma vez validado o modelo de extensão, utilizaram-se os controles de produção de leite (de cada 15 dias de 199 vacas. As vacas receberam injeções de 500mg de bST-r via subcutânea. As injeções fora aplicadas a partir dos 100 dias de lactação a intervalos de 14 dias (sete injeções. A produção de leite observada foi

Glutathionylation-Dependence of Na+-K+-Pump Currents Can Mimic Reduced Subsarcolemmal Na+ Diffusion

Science.gov (United States)

Garcia, Alvaro; Liu, Chia-Chi; Cornelius, Flemming; Clarke, Ronald J.; Rasmussen, Helge H.

2016-01-01

The existence of a subsarcolemmal space with restricted diffusion for Na+ in cardiac myocytes has been inferred from a transient peak electrogenic Na+-K+ pump current beyond steady state on reexposure of myocytes to K+ after a period of exposure to K+-free extracellular solution. The transient peak current is attributed to enhanced electrogenic pumping of Na+ that accumulated in the diffusion-restricted space during pump inhibition in K+-free extracellular solution. However, there are no known physical barriers that account for such restricted Na+ diffusion, and we examined if changes of activity of the Na+-K+ pump itself cause the transient peak current. Reexposure to K+ reproduced a transient current beyond steady state in voltage-clamped ventricular myocytes as reported by others. Persistence of it when the Na+ concentration in patch pipette solutions perfusing the intracellular compartment was high and elimination of it with K+-free pipette solution could not be reconciled with restricted subsarcolemmal Na+ diffusion. The pattern of the transient current early after pump activation was dependent on transmembrane Na+- and K+ concentration gradients suggesting the currents were related to the conformational poise imposed on the pump. We examined if the currents might be accounted for by changes in glutathionylation of the β1 Na+-K+ pump subunit, a reversible oxidative modification that inhibits the pump. Susceptibility of the β1 subunit to glutathionylation depends on the conformational poise of the Na+-K+ pump, and glutathionylation with the pump stabilized in conformations equivalent to those expected to be imposed on voltage-clamped myocytes supported this hypothesis. So did elimination of the transient K+-induced peak Na+-K+ pump current when we included glutaredoxin 1 in patch pipette solutions to reverse glutathionylation. We conclude that transient K+-induced peak Na+-K+ pump current reflects the effect of conformation-dependent β1 pump subunit

Glutathionylation-Dependence of Na(+)-K(+)-Pump Currents Can Mimic Reduced Subsarcolemmal Na(+) Diffusion.

Science.gov (United States)

Garcia, Alvaro; Liu, Chia-Chi; Cornelius, Flemming; Clarke, Ronald J; Rasmussen, Helge H

2016-03-08

The existence of a subsarcolemmal space with restricted diffusion for Na(+) in cardiac myocytes has been inferred from a transient peak electrogenic Na(+)-K(+) pump current beyond steady state on reexposure of myocytes to K(+) after a period of exposure to K(+)-free extracellular solution. The transient peak current is attributed to enhanced electrogenic pumping of Na(+) that accumulated in the diffusion-restricted space during pump inhibition in K(+)-free extracellular solution. However, there are no known physical barriers that account for such restricted Na(+) diffusion, and we examined if changes of activity of the Na(+)-K(+) pump itself cause the transient peak current. Reexposure to K(+) reproduced a transient current beyond steady state in voltage-clamped ventricular myocytes as reported by others. Persistence of it when the Na(+) concentration in patch pipette solutions perfusing the intracellular compartment was high and elimination of it with K(+)-free pipette solution could not be reconciled with restricted subsarcolemmal Na(+) diffusion. The pattern of the transient current early after pump activation was dependent on transmembrane Na(+)- and K(+) concentration gradients suggesting the currents were related to the conformational poise imposed on the pump. We examined if the currents might be accounted for by changes in glutathionylation of the β1 Na(+)-K(+) pump subunit, a reversible oxidative modification that inhibits the pump. Susceptibility of the β1 subunit to glutathionylation depends on the conformational poise of the Na(+)-K(+) pump, and glutathionylation with the pump stabilized in conformations equivalent to those expected to be imposed on voltage-clamped myocytes supported this hypothesis. So did elimination of the transient K(+)-induced peak Na(+)-K(+) pump current when we included glutaredoxin 1 in patch pipette solutions to reverse glutathionylation. We conclude that transient K(+)-induced peak Na(+)-K(+) pump current reflects the effect

Crystal structure of a Na+-bound Na+,K+-ATPase preceding the E1P state.

Science.gov (United States)

Kanai, Ryuta; Ogawa, Haruo; Vilsen, Bente; Cornelius, Flemming; Toyoshima, Chikashi

2013-10-10

Na(+),K(+)-ATPase pumps three Na(+) ions out of cells in exchange for two K(+) taken up from the extracellular medium per ATP molecule hydrolysed, thereby establishing Na(+) and K(+) gradients across the membrane in all animal cells. These ion gradients are used in many fundamental processes, notably excitation of nerve cells. Here we describe 2.8 Å-resolution crystal structures of this ATPase from pig kidney with bound Na(+), ADP and aluminium fluoride, a stable phosphate analogue, with and without oligomycin that promotes Na(+) occlusion. These crystal structures represent a transition state preceding the phosphorylated intermediate (E1P) in which three Na(+) ions are occluded. Details of the Na(+)-binding sites show how this ATPase functions as a Na(+)-specific pump, rejecting K(+) and Ca(2+), even though its affinity for Na(+) is low (millimolar dissociation constant). A mechanism for sequential, cooperative Na(+) binding can now be formulated in atomic detail.

Na+-H+ exchange and Na+-dependent transport systems in streptozotocin diabetic rat kidneys

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

El-Seifi, S.; Freiberg, J.M.; Kinsella, F.J.; Cheng, L.; Sacktor, B.

1987-01-01

The streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat was used to test the hypothesis that Na + -H + exchange activity in the proximal tubule luminal membrane would be increased in association with renal hypertrophy, altered glomerular hemodynamics, enhanced filtered load and tubular reabsorption of 22 Na + , and stimulated 22 Na= pump activity in the basolateral membrane, previously reported characteristics of this experimental animal model. Amiloride-sensitive H + gradient-dependent Na + uptake and Na + gradient-dependent H + flux were increased in brush-border membrane vesicles from the streptozotocin-treated animals. Na + gradient-dependent uptakes of phosphate, D-glucose, L-proline, and myoinositol were decreased in the drug-induced diabetic animals. These membrane transport alterations were not found when the streptozotocin-diabetic animals were treated with insulin

y bovina con hidróxido de sodio y cal común saturada

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Alejandro Chac\\u00F3n Villalobos

2006-01-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio fue efectuado en el módulo de procesamiento de derivados lácteos de la Estación Experimental Alfredo Volio Mata de la Universidad de Costa Rica, durante los meses de mayo y junio del 2005. Una muestra compuesta de leche de cabra (Capra hircus de un hato Lamancha y una muestra compuesta de leche de vaca de un hato Jersey (Bos taurus, formadas ambas por la mezcla de tres ordeños aleatorios diferentes, fueron pasteurizadas (65 °C/ 30 min. y almacenadas durante seis días a 6 ºC. Dos operarios especializados del módulo, analizaron por sextuplicado cada 48 horas (iniciando a las 0 horas las muestras de ambos tipos de leche por medio de una valoración convencional de la acidez con una disolución patrón de NaOH 0,1N, y de una valoración con tres disoluciones saturadas de cal preparadas cada una con marcas comerciales diferentes. Los datos se evaluaron por medio de un diseño factorial para dos niveles del factor “analista” (analista A y B, cuatro niveles del factor “tipo de valoración” y cuatro niveles del factor “tiempo de almacenamiento”. La variable respuesta evaluada fue el porcentaje de acidez expresada como ácido láctico. Para los dos tipos de leche, los métodos de valoración que emplearon disoluciones saturadas de cal mostraron ser significativamente diferentes al método basado en NaOH (p ≤ 0,05. En ambos casos, para cada nivel del “tipo de valoración” determinado, el efecto de la determinación del porcentaje de acidez expresado como ácido láctico no se ve afectado por el analista

The two C-terminal tyrosines stabilize occluded Na/K pump conformations containing Na or K ions.

Science.gov (United States)

Vedovato, Natascia; Gadsby, David C

2010-07-01

Interactions of the three transported Na ions with the Na/K pump remain incompletely understood. Na/K pump crystal structures show that the extended C terminus of the Na,K-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) alpha subunit directly contacts transmembrane helices. Deletion of the last five residues (KETYY in almost all Na/K pumps) markedly lowered the apparent affinity for Na activation of pump phosphorylation from ATP, a reflection of cytoplasmic Na affinity for forming the occluded E1P(Na3) conformation. ATPase assays further suggested that C-terminal truncations also interfere with low affinity Na interactions, which are attributable to extracellular effects. Because extracellular Na ions traverse part of the membrane's electric field to reach their binding sites in the Na/K pump, their movements generate currents that can be monitored with high resolution. We report here electrical measurements to examine how Na/K pump interactions with extracellular Na ions are influenced by C-terminal truncations. We deleted the last two (YY) or five (KESYY) residues in Xenopus laevis alpha1 Na/K pumps made ouabain resistant by either of two kinds of point mutations and measured their currents as 10-mM ouabain-sensitive currents in Xenopus oocytes after silencing endogenous Xenopus Na/K pumps with 1 microM ouabain. We found the low affinity inhibitory influence of extracellular Na on outward Na/K pump current at negative voltages to be impaired in all of the C-terminally truncated pumps. Correspondingly, voltage jump-induced transient charge movements that reflect pump interactions with extracellular Na ions were strongly shifted to more negative potentials; this signals a several-fold reduction of the apparent affinity for extracellular Na in the truncated pumps. Parallel lowering of Na affinity on both sides of the membrane argues that the C-terminal contacts provide important stabilization of the occluded E1P(Na3) conformation, regardless of the route of Na ion entry into the

Anion-coupled Na efflux mediated by the human red blood cell Na/K pump

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dissing, S.; Hoffman, J.F.

1990-01-01

The red cell Na/K pump is known to continue to extrude Na when both Na and K are removed from the external medium. Because this ouabain-sensitive flux occurs in the absence of an exchangeable cation, it is referred to as uncoupled Na efflux. This flux is also known to be inhibited by 5 mM Nao but to a lesser extent than that inhibitable by ouabain. Uncoupled Na efflux via the Na/K pump therefore can be divided into a Nao-sensitive and Nao-insensitive component. We used DIDS-treated, SO4-equilibrated human red blood cells suspended in HEPES-buffered (pHo 7.4) MgSO4 or (Tris)2SO4, in which we measured 22Na efflux, 35SO4 efflux, and changes in the membrane potential with the fluorescent dye, diS-C3 (5). A principal finding is that uncoupled Na efflux occurs electroneurally, in contrast to the pump's normal electrogenic operation when exchanging Nai for Ko. This electroneutral uncoupled efflux of Na was found to be balanced by an efflux of cellular anions. (We were unable to detect any ouabain-sensitive uptake of protons, measured in an unbuffered medium at pH 7.4 with a Radiometer pH-STAT.) The Nao-sensitive efflux of Nai was found to be 1.95 +/- 0.10 times the Nao-sensitive efflux of (SO4)i, indicating that the stoichiometry of this cotransport is two Na+ per SO4=, accounting for 60-80% of the electroneutral Na efflux. The remainder portion, that is, the ouabain-sensitive Nao-insensitive component, has been identified as PO4-coupled Na transport and is the subject of a separate paper. That uncoupled Na efflux occurs as a cotransport with anions is supported by the result, obtained with resealed ghosts, that when internal and external SO4 was substituted by the impermeant anion, tartrate i,o, the efflux of Na was inhibited 60-80%. This inhibition could be relieved by the inclusion, before DIDS treatment, of 5 mM Cli,o

Na5NbO5 and Na5TaO5 phases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Darriet, J.; Maazaz, A.; Bouloux, J.C.; Delmas, C.

1982-01-01

New ternary oxides of formulas Na 5 NbO 5 and Na 5 TaO 5 have been prepared. They crystallize in the monoclinic system (space group C2/c). The crystal structure of Na 5 NbO 5 has been determined. It derives from a NaCl-type structure by ordering of the cations and of the oxygen vacancies in the anionic sublattice, the corresponding formula being Nasub(5/6)Nbsub(1/6)Osub(5/6)vacant sub(1/6). Sodium and niobium have a distorted square-pyramidal surrounding. (author)

Synthesis of Na-A and/or Na-X zeolite/porous carbon composites from carbonized rice husk

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Katsuki, Hiroaki; Komarneni, Sridhar

2009-01-01

Na-A and/or Na-X zeolite/porous carbon composites were prepared under hydrothermal conditions by NaOH dissolution of silica first from carbonized rice husk followed by addition of NaAlO 2 and in situ crystallization of zeolites i.e., using a two-step process. When a one-step process was used, both Na-A and Na-X zeolites crystallized on the surface of carbon. Na-A or Na-X zeolite crystals were prepared on the porous carbonized rice husk at 90 deg. C for 2-6 h by changing the SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 , H 2 O/Na 2 O and Na 2 O/SiO 2 molar ratios of precursors in the two-step process. The surface area and NH 4 + -cation exchange capacity (CEC) of Na-A zeolite/porous carbon were found to be 171 m 2 /g and 506 meq/100 g, respectively, while those of Na-X zeolite/porous carbon composites were 676 m 2 /g and 317 meq/100 g, respectively. Na-A and Na-X zeolites are well-known microporous and hydrophilic materials while carbonized rice husk was found to be mesoporous (pores of ∼3.9 nm) and hydrophobic. These hybrid microporous-mesoporous and hydrophilic-hydrophobic composites are expected to be useful for decontamination of metal cations as well as organic contaminants simultaneously. - Graphical Abstract: Novel Na-X zeolite/porous carbon composite.

Equilibrium chemical transformations in NaPO3 + NaCl melts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kovarskaya, E.N.; Rodionov, Yu.I.

1988-01-01

Because of the problems of the burial of solidified radioactive wastes into different geological rock formations, in particular into massives of rock-salt, the state of molten polyphosphate-chloride mixtures (taking into account the chemical character of the interaction of their components) for a prolonged period of time. The equilibrium products of the reaction in the NaPO 3 -NaCl system were studied in melts in air in the composition range of 30-70 mole % NaCl. It was shown that with increase in the NaCl content in the mixtures, the polyphosphate gradually depolymerizes to sodium tri-, di-, and monophosphates, and the composition of the equilibrium melts is dependent only on the ratio between the components in the initial molten mixtures. The time until the equilibrium is attained is shorter, the higher is the experimental temperature

Long-Range Effects of Na(+) Binding in Na,K-ATPase Reported by ATP.

Science.gov (United States)

Middleton, David A; Fedosova, Natalya U; Esmann, Mikael

2015-12-01

This paper addresses the question of long-range interactions between the intramembranous cation binding sites and the cytoplasmic nucleotide binding site of the ubiquitous ion-transporting Na,K-ATPase using (13)C cross-polarization magic-angle spinning (CP-MAS) solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. High-affinity ATP binding is induced by the presence of Na(+) as well as of Na-like substances such as Tris(+), and these ions are equally efficient promoters of nucleotide binding. CP-MAS analysis of bound ATP with Na,K-ATPase purified from pig kidney membranes reveals subtle differences in the nucleotide interactions within the nucleotide site depending on whether Na(+) or Tris(+) is used to induce binding. Differences in chemical shifts for ATP atoms C1' and C5' observed in the presence of Na(+) or Tris(+) suggest alterations in the residues surrounding the bound nucleotide, hydrogen bonding, and/or conformation of the ribose ring. This is taken as evidence of a long-distance communication between the Na(+)-filled ion sites in the membrane interior and the nucleotide binding site in the cytoplasmic domain and reflects the first conformational change ultimately leading to phosphorylation of the enzyme. Stopped-flow fluorescence measurements with the nucleotide analogue eosin show that the dissociation rate constant for eosin is larger in Tris(+) than in Na(+), giving kinetic evidence of the difference in structural effects of Na(+) and Tris(+). According to the recent crystal structure of the E1·AlF4(-)·ADP·3Na(+) form, the coupling between the ion binding sites and the nucleotide side is mediated by, among others, the M5 helix.

Interaction between Na+/K+-pump and Na+/Ca2+-exchanger modulates intercellular communication.

Science.gov (United States)

Matchkov, Vladimir V; Gustafsson, Helena; Rahman, Awahan; Briggs Boedtkjer, Donna M; Gorintin, Sarah; Hansen, Anne Kirstine; Bouzinova, Elena V; Praetorius, Helle A; Aalkjaer, Christian; Nilsson, Holger

2007-04-13

Ouabain, a specific inhibitor of the Na(+)/K(+)-pump, has previously been shown to interfere with intercellular communication. Here we test the hypothesis that the communication between vascular smooth muscle cells is regulated through an interaction between the Na(+)/K(+)-pump and the Na(+)/Ca(2+)-exchanger leading to an increase in the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in discrete areas near the plasma membrane. [Ca(2+)](i) in smooth muscle cells was imaged in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cell pairs (A7r5) and in rat mesenteric small artery segments simultaneously with force. In A7r5 coupling between cells was estimated by measuring membrane capacitance. Smooth muscle cells were uncoupled when the Na(+)/K(+)-pump was inhibited either by a low concentration of ouabain, which also caused a localized increase of [Ca(2+)](i) near the membrane, or by ATP depletion. Reduction of Na(+)/K(+)-pump activity by removal of extracellular potassium ([K(+)](o)) also uncoupled cells, but only after inhibition of K(ATP) channels. Inhibition of the Na(+)/Ca(2+)-exchange activity by SEA0400 or by a reduction of the equilibrium potential (making it more negative) also uncoupled the cells. Depletion of intracellular Na(+) and clamping of [Ca(2+)](i) at low concentrations prevented the uncoupling. The experiments suggest that the Na(+)/K(+)-pump may affect gap junction conductivity via localized changes in [Ca(2+)](i) through modulation of Na(+)/Ca(2+)-exchanger activity.

Obtenção e caracterização química e nutricional in vitro das proteínas do soro de sangue bovino Obtention, chemical and nutritional characterization in vitro of bovine serum proteins

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ana Silvia Prata

2005-06-01

Full Text Available O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi o isolamento e a caracterização química e nutricional (in vitro das duas principais frações protéicas do soro de sangue bovino. Imediatamente, após coleta higiênica do sangue em matadouro, promoveu-se a coagulação e a remoção da fração celular por centrifugação, em condições apropriadas. A fração globulina (GB foi precipitada do soro pela saturação a 50% com (NH42 SO4 . Após separação da GB por centrifugação a saturação do sobrenadante foi elevada a 80%, para a precipitação da albumina (BSA. A precipitação de proteínas séricas das duas frações somou 98% das proteínas totais do soro. As duas frações protéicas foram caracterizadas quanto à composição centesimal, perfil de aminoácidos, composição mineral, escore de aminoácidos essenciais (EAE, digestibilidade da proteína e PDCAAS ("Protein digestibility corrected amino acid scoring". O teor de proteína nas duas frações foi de aproximadamente 85% e a BSA se caracterizou pelo elevado teor de lisina, histidina e aminoácidos sulfurados. O EAE para BSA foi 70% sendo triptofano o aminoácido mais limitante e 87,8% para a GB, sendo a isoleucina o aminoácido mais limitante. O uso das técnicas de eletroforese e densitometria permitiu a caracterização das frações quanto ao número de bandas pesos moleculares e proporção relativa entre as várias proteínas.The main objective of this work, was the isolation, chemical and nutritional (in vitro characterization of the two main protein fractions of bovine blood serum. Immediatly after hygienic collection at the slaughter house the blood was coagulated and the cellular fraction separated by centrifugation under appropriate conditions. The globulin (GB fraction was precipitated from blood serum by 50% saturation with ammonium sulfate. The supernalant was separated by centrifugation and the (NH42SO4 saturation elevated to 80%. Under this condition BSA precipitated

Implementation of a Molecular System for Traceability of Beef Based on Microsatellite Markers Implementación de un Sistema de Trazabilidad Molecular para la Carne Bovina Basado en Marcadores Microsatélites

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ricardo Felmer D

2008-12-01

consumidores de países desarrollados. La aplicación práctica de un sistema de trazabilidad de la carne bovina basado en marcadores moleculares, requiere la elección de microsatélites y optimizar los métodos de muestreo y análisis de ADN. En este trabajo se implementó un sistema de trazabilidad de carne bovina basado en un panel de 10 marcadores microsatélites. Se evaluaron diferentes muestras biológicas como pelo, sangre, tejido y carne de la canal, encontrándose que las muestras de pelo fueron las más idóneas por su facilidad de obtención, manipulación y costo de almacenamiento, mientras que la carne de la canal fue la contramuestra más adecuada, pudiendo obtenerse fácilmente en el frigorífico. El sistema se evaluó en una planta de procesamiento de carne, confirmando con un 100% de certeza la trazabilidad de 150 muestras de pelo con sus respectivas canales, demostrando la confiabilidad del método desarrollado. El sistema evaluado puede ser un importante aporte al sector pecuario del país pues permite garantizar el origen de los productos bovinos y puede ser utilizado como herramienta certificadora de la trazabilidad convencional, aumentando la competitividad y generando mayor confianza en el consumidor.

Intracellular Na(+) and metabolic modulation of Na/K pump and excitability in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Yi-Chi; Yang, Jyh-Jeen; Huang, Rong-Chi

2012-10-01

Na/K pump activity and metabolic rate are both higher during the day in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) that houses the circadian clock. Here we investigated the role of intracellular Na(+) and energy metabolism in regulating Na/K pump activity and neuronal excitability. Removal of extracellular K(+) to block the Na/K pump excited SCN neurons to fire at higher rates and return to normal K(+) to reactivate the pump produced rebound hyperpolarization to inhibit firing. In the presence of tetrodotoxin to block the action potentials, both zero K(+)-induced depolarization and rebound hyperpolarization were blocked by the cardiac glycoside strophanthidin. Ratiometric Na(+) imaging with a Na(+)-sensitive fluorescent dye indicated saturating accumulation of intracellular Na(+) in response to pump blockade with zero K(+). The Na(+) ionophore monensin also induced Na(+) loading and hyperpolarized the membrane potential, with the hyperpolarizing effect of monensin abolished in zero Na(+) or by pump blockade. Conversely, Na(+) depletion with Na(+)-free pipette solution depolarized membrane potential but retained residual Na/K pump activity. Cyanide inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation blocked the Na/K pump to depolarize resting potential and increase spontaneous firing in most cells, and to raise intracellular Na(+) levels in all cells. Nonetheless, the Na/K pump was incompletely blocked by cyanide but completely blocked by iodoacetate to inhibit glycolysis, indicating the involvement of both oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis in fueling the Na/K pump. Together, the results indicate the importance of intracellular Na(+) and energy metabolism in regulating Na/K pump activity as well as neuronal excitability in the SCN neurons.

Co-branding de marcas colectivas de carne de bovino: avaliação do valor atribuído pelos consumidores

OpenAIRE

Oliveira, Diana Judite Moura de

2014-01-01

Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão Ocorrendo o Co-branding quando dois ou mais nomes de marcas já estabelecidas de diferentes instituições aparecem num mesmo produto, consideramos como pressuposto para a nossa investigação que uma forma de estimular a produção de carnes bovinas com Denominação de Origem Protegida (DOP) ou produzidas em modo de produção biológico seria pela associação em Co-branding destas duas marcas coletivas de carne bovina (DOP ou Biológica, individualmente ou em simultâ...

Synthesis of zeolites Na-A and Na-X from tablet compressed and calcinated coal fly ash

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Tao; Gao, Wenyan; Liu, Xin; Zhang, Yifu; Meng, Changgong

2017-10-01

Zeolites Na-A and Na-X are important synthetic zeolites widely used for separation and adsorption in industry. It is of great significance to develop energy-efficient routines that can synthesize zeolites Na-A and Na-X from low-cost raw materials. Coal fly ash (CFA) is the major residue from the combustion of coal and biomass containing more than 85% SiO2 and Al2O3, which can readily replace the conventionally used sodium silicate and aluminate for zeolite synthesis. We used Na2CO3 to replace the expensive NaOH used for the calcination of CFA and showed that tablet compression can enhance the contact with Na2CO3 for the activation of CFA through calcination for the synthesis of zeolites Na-A and Na-X under mild conditions. We optimized the control variables for zeolite synthesis and showed that phase-pure zeolite Na-A can be synthesized with CFA at reactant molar ratio, hydrothermal reaction temperature and reaction time of 1.3Na2O: 0.6Al2O3: 1SiO2: 38H2O at 80°C for 6 h, respectively, while phase-pure zeolite Na-X can be synthesized at 2.2Na2O: 0.2Al2O3: 1SiO2: 88H2O at 100°C for 8 h, respectively. The composition, morphology, specific surface area, vibration spectrum and thermogravimetry of synthesized Na-A and Na-X were further characterized.

The CERES / NA45 experiment

CERN Multimedia

Laurent Guiraud

2000-01-01

Ceres is one of the second generation heavy ion experiments at CERN's SPS. It is dedicated to the study of electron-positron pairs in relativistic nuclear collisions. NA45 is one of the seven experiments (NA44, NA45, NA49, NA50, NA52, WA97/NA57 and WA98) involved in CERN's Heavy Ion programme which provided evidence for the existence of a new state of matter, the quark-gluon plasma. In this state, quarks, instead of being bound up into more complex particles such as protons and neutrons, are liberated and roam freely. Theory predicts that this state must have existed at about 10 microseconds after the Big Bang, before the formation of matter as we know it today.

Caracterização química e funcional do caseinato de sódio e da globina bovina

OpenAIRE

SILVA,Janaína Guernica; ORNELLAS,Cléia Batista Dias; CARVALHO,Maria das Graças; JUNQUEIRA,Roberto Gonçalves; OLIVEIRA,Afonso de Liguori; SILVESTRE,Marialice Pinto Coelho

2000-01-01

Visando à aplicação industrial de proteínas do sangue bovino, foram testadas duas metodologias de extração da globina. Determinou-se, também, a composição química dessa proteína e o efeito da adição de NaCl sobre algumas propriedades fun-cionais, sendo os resultados obtidos comparados com os do caseinato de sódio comercial. O método de extração pela acetona acidificada apresentou maiores rendimentos e recuperação protéica do que o da carboximetilcelulose, entretanto, devido à presença de resí...

The rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism mutation D923N of the Na+, K+-ATPase alpha3 isoform disrupts Na+ interaction at the third Na+ site.

Science.gov (United States)

Einholm, Anja Pernille; Toustrup-Jensen, Mads S; Holm, Rikke; Andersen, Jens Peter; Vilsen, Bente

2010-08-20

Rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism (RDP), a rare neurological disorder, is caused by mutation of the neuron-specific alpha3-isoform of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase. Here, we present the functional consequences of RDP mutation D923N. Relative to the wild type, the mutant exhibits a remarkable approximately 200-fold reduction of Na(+) affinity for activation of phosphorylation from ATP, reflecting a defective interaction of the E(1) form with intracellular Na(+). This is the largest effect on Na(+) affinity reported so far for any Na(+), K(+)-ATPase mutant. D923N also affects the interaction with extracellular Na(+) normally driving the E(1)P to E(2)P conformational transition backward. However, no impairment of K(+) binding was observed for D923N, leading to the conclusion that Asp(923) is specifically associated with the third Na(+) site that is selective toward Na(+). The crystal structure of the Na(+), K(+)-ATPase in E(2) form shows that Asp(923) is located in the cytoplasmic half of transmembrane helix M8 inside a putative transport channel, which is lined by residues from the transmembrane helices M5, M7, M8, and M10 and capped by the C terminus, recently found involved in recognition of the third Na(+) ion. Structural modeling of the E(1) form of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase based on the Ca(2+)-ATPase crystal structure is consistent with the hypothesis that Asp(923) contributes to a site binding the third Na(+) ion. These results in conjunction with our previous findings with other RDP mutants suggest that a selective defect in the handling of Na(+) may be a general feature of the RDP disorder.

The Daily 110 MHZ Sky Survey (bsa Fian): On-Line Database, Science Aims and First Results of Data Processing

Science.gov (United States)

Samodurov, V. A.; Rodin, A. E.; Kitaeva, M. A.; Isaev, E. A.; Dumsky, D. V.; Churakov, D. D.; Manzyuk, M. O.

From 2012 on radio telescope BSA FIAN multi beams diagram was started. It capable at July 2014 daily observing by 96 beams in declination -8 .. 42 degrees in the frequency band 109-111.5 MHz. The number of frequency bands are from 6 to 32, the time constant are from 0.1 to 0.0125 sec. In receiving mode with 32 band (plus one common band) with a time constant of 12.5 ms (80 times per second) respectively produced 33x96x80 four byte real and so daily we produced 87.5 Gbt (yearly to 32 Tbt). These data are enormous opportunities for both short and long-term monitoring of various classes of radio sources (including radio transients) and for space weather and the Earth's ionosphere monitoring, for search for different classes of radio sources, etc. The base aims of our work are: a) to obtain new scientific data on different classes of discrete radio sources, the construction of physical models and their evolution - obtained on the basis of the clock continuous digital sky radio monitoring at frequency 109-111.5 MHz and cross-analysis of data from third-party reviews on other frequencies; c) launch the streaming data on various types of high-performance computing systems, including to create a public system of distributed computing for thousands of users on the basis of BOINC technology. The BOINC client for astronomical data from the monitoring survey of the big part of entire sky almost have not analogies. We have some first science results (new pulsars, and some new type of radiosources).

Recikliranje plastenk na kreativen način

OpenAIRE

Pavlin, Suzana

2017-01-01

Plastenke, poleg ostalih plastičnih izdelkov, v zadnjih letih predstavljajo pravo katastrofo za okolje. Domnevamo, da se le redko kdo vpraša, kaj se zgodi z njo po tem, ko je iz nje zaužil še zadnjo kapljico vode. Plastenka je lahko kot večina ostalih komunalnih odpadkov ponovno uporabljena, reciklirana, sežgana ali odložena na deponijo. V primeru nespoštovanja Zakona o varstvu okolja pa pristane v naravi, pogosto v morju, kjer prav počasi razpada in negativno vpliva na celoten ekosistem. V d...

Plant Defensins NaD1 and NaD2 Induce Different Stress Response Pathways in Fungi

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Peter M. Dracatos

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Nicotiana alata defensins 1 and 2 (NaD1 and NaD2 are plant defensins from the ornamental tobacco that have antifungal activity against a variety of fungal pathogens. Some plant defensins interact with fungal cell wall O-glycosylated proteins. Therefore, we investigated if this was the case for NaD1 and NaD2, by assessing the sensitivity of the three Aspergillus nidulans (An O-mannosyltransferase (pmt knockout (KO mutants (An∆pmtA, An∆pmtB, and An∆pmtC. An∆pmtA was resistant to both defensins, while An∆pmtC was resistant to NaD2 only, suggesting NaD1 and NaD2 are unlikely to have a general interaction with O-linked side chains. Further evidence of this difference in the antifungal mechanism was provided by the dissimilarity of the NaD1 and NaD2 sensitivities of the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol signalling knockout mutants from the cell wall integrity (CWI and high osmolarity glycerol (HOG mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK pathways. HOG pathway mutants were sensitive to both NaD1 and NaD2, while CWI pathway mutants only displayed sensitivity to NaD2.

Glutamate Water Gates in the Ion Binding Pocket of Na(+) Bound Na(+), K(+)-ATPase

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Han, Minwoo; Kopec, Wojciech; Solov'yov, Ilia A

2017-01-01

III is always protonated. Glutamic acid residues in the three binding sites act as water gates, and their deprotonation triggers water entry to the binding sites. From DFT calculations of Na(+) binding energies, we conclude that three protons in the binding site are needed to effectively bind Na......The dynamically changing protonation states of the six acidic amino acid residues in the ion binding pocket of the Na(+), K(+) -ATPase (NKA) during the ion transport cycle are proposed to drive ion binding, release and possibly determine Na(+) or K(+) selectivity. We use molecular dynamics (MD......(+) from water and four are needed to release them in the next step. Protonation of Asp926 in site III will induce Na(+) release, and Glu327, Glu954 and Glu779 are all likely to be protonated in the Na(+) bound occluded conformation. Our data provides key insights into the role of protons in the Na...

RELACIÓN ENTRE EL ESTADO SEROLÓGICO A LEUCOSIS BOVINA ENZOÓTICA Y PARÁMETROS REPRODUCTIVOS EN HATOS LECHEROS ESPECIALIZADOS DE COSTA RICA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan José Romero

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio longitudinal y analítico para determinar la relación entre el estado serológico al virus de la leucosis bovina enzoótica (VLBE y los parámetros reproductivos, en 26 fincas lecheras de Costa Rica usuarias del programa VAMPP Bovino. Se realizó un primer muestreo en 2006-2007 en animales mayores de 6 meses de edad; luego, en 2009, se realizó el segundo muestreo en las vacas seronegativas del 2006-2007. Se calculó la incidencia acumulada (IA global y por finca y, mediante Chi-cuadrado, se realizó la comparación de IA, según raza y número de lactancia. La relación entre el estado serológico al VLBV y el intervalo entre partos (IEP, servicios por concepción (SPC y días abiertos (DA por grupos de lactancia y raza, se determinó con la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis. La incidencia global fue de 21,8% (173/794, con 38,5% de las fincas con incidencias mayores al 40%. La tasa de seroconversión en vacas con 1-2 lactancias (23,5% fue diferente a la de ≥ 6 lactancias (p=0,03. Las medias raza Holstein x Jersey (H4J4 presentaron la mayor incidencia (33,3%, seguidas por las Holstein (27,1%. Según los finqueros, en las 26 fincas (100% se utilizaba una aguja y un guante de palpación por animal; sin embargo, el 53,8% mostraron incidencias superiores al 15%. En general, hubo tendencia a menores IEP en seronegativas con respecto a seropositivas y seroconvertidas, especialmente en seropositivas de 1-2 lactancias (p=0,017 y de 3-5 lactancias (p=0,038. Sin clasificar por número de lactancia o raza, las seropositivas y seroconvertidas necesitan más SPC (p=0,03; esta misma tendencia (no significativa, se observó en DA. Así, se pudo comprobar alguna relación entre el estado a VLBE y el IEP y SPC, no así con DA, aunque no hubo significancia estadística en algunas de las diferencias encontradas, al ser mejores los parámetros en las seronegativas.

Design and optimization of a beam-shaping assembly (BSA) for BNCT based on a neutron generator located at CEADEN, Havana, Cuba

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Padilla Cabal, F.; Martin, G; Abrahantes, A.

2007-01-01

A monoenergetic neutron beam simulation study is carried out to determine the most suitable neutron energy for treatment of shallow and deep-seated brain tumors in the context of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). Two figures-of-merit, i.e. the absorbed dose for healthy tissue and the absorbed tumor dose at a given depth in the brain are used to measure the neutron beam quality. Also irradiation time, therapeutic gain and the power generated in the target are utilized as beam assessment parameters. Moderators, reflectors and delimiters are designed and optimized to moderate the high-energy neutrons from the fusion reactions 2 H(d;n) 3 He and 3 H(d;n) 4 He down to a suitable energy spectrum. Metallic uranium and manganese are successfully tested for fast-to-epithermal neutron moderation as well as Fluental TM for the neutron spectrum shifting. A semispherical target is proposed in order to dissipate twice the amount of power generated in the target, and decrease all the dimensions of the BSA. The cooling system of the target is also included in the calculations. Calculations are performed using the MCNP code. After the optimization of our beam-shaper a study of the dose distribution in the head had been made. The therapeutic gain is increased in 9% while the current required for one hour treatment is decreased in comparison with the trading prototypes of NG used for BNCT. (Author)

Design and optimization of a beam-shaping assembly (BSA) for BNCT based on a neutron generator located at CEADEN, Havana, Cuba

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Padilla Cabal, F.; Martin, G.; Abrahantes, A.

2007-01-01

A monoenergetic neutron beam simulation study is carried out to determine the most suitable neutron energy for treatment of shallow and deep-seated brain tumors in the context of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). Two figures-of-merit, i.e. the absorbed dose for healthy tissue and the absorbed tumor dose at a given depth in the brain are used to measure the neutron beam quality. Also irradiation time, therapeutic gain and the power generated in the target are utilized as beam assessment parameters. Moderators, reflectors and delimiters are designed and optimized to moderate the high-energy neutrons from the fusion reactions 2 H(d;n) 3 He and 3 H(d;n) 4 Hedown to a suitable energy spectrum. Metallic uranium and manganese are successfully tested for fast-to-epithermal neutron moderation as well as Fluental TM for the neutron spectrum shifting. A semi spherical target is proposed in order to dissipate twice the amount of power generated in the target, and decrease all the dimensions of the BSA. The cooling system of the target is also included in the calculations. Calculations are performed using the MCNP code. After the optimization of our beam-shaper a study of the dose distribution in the head had been made. The therapeutic gain is increased in 9% while the current required for one hour treatment is decreased in comparison with the trading prototypes of NG used for BNCT. (Author)

NA62 and NA48/2 results on search for Heavy Neutral Leptons

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Lamanna Gianluca

2018-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper we present new results on upper limits for the search of Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNL with data collected by NA48/2 (2003-2004, NA62-RK (2007 and NA62 (2015 CERN experiments. The data collected with different trigger configuration allow to search for both long and short living heavy neutrinos in the mass range below the kaon mass. In addition the status of the search for K+ → π+vv with the NA62 detector will be briefly presented.

Transmural gradients in Na/K pump activity and [Na+]I in canine ventricle.

Science.gov (United States)

Gao, J; Wang, W; Cohen, I S; Mathias, R T

2005-09-01

There are well-documented differences in ion channel activity and action potential shape between epicardial (EPI), midmyocardial (MID), and endocardial (ENDO) ventricular myocytes. The purpose of this study was to determine if differences exist in Na/K pump activity. The whole cell patch-clamp was used to measure Na/K pump current (I(P)) and inward background Na(+)-current (I(inb)) in cells isolated from canine left ventricle. All currents were normalized to membrane capacitance. I(P) was measured as the current blocked by a saturating concentration of dihydro-ouabain. [Na(+)](i) was measured using SBFI-AM. I(P)(ENDO) (0.34 +/- 0.04 pA/pF, n = 17) was smaller than I(P)(EPI) (0.68 +/- 0.09 pA/pF, n = 38); the ratio was 0.50 with I(P)(MID) being intermediate (0.53 +/- 0.13 pA/pF, n = 19). The dependence of I(P) on [Na(+)](i) or voltage was essentially identical in EPI and ENDO (half-maximal activation at 9-10 mM [Na(+)](i) or approximately -90 mV). Increasing [K(+)](o) from 5.4 to 15 mM caused both I(P)(ENDO) and I(P)(EPI) to increase, but the ratio remained approximately 0.5. I(inb) in EPI and ENDO were nearly identical ( approximately 0.6 pA/pF). Physiological [Na(+)](i) was lower in EPI (7 +/- 2 mM, n = 31) than ENDO (12 +/- 3 mM, n = 29), with MID being intermediate (9 +/- 3 mM, n = 22). When cells were paced at 2 Hz, [Na(+)](i) increased but the differences persisted (ENDO 14 +/- 3 mM, n = 10; EPI 9 +/- 2 mM, n = 10; and MID intermediate, 11 +/- 2 mM, n = 9). Based on these results, the larger I(P) in EPI appears to reflect a higher maximum turnover rate, which implies either a larger number of active pumps or a higher turnover rate per pump protein. The transmural gradient in [Na(+)](i) means physiological I(P) is approximately uniform across the ventricular wall, whereas transporters that utilize the transmembrane electrochemical gradient for Na(+), such as Na/Ca exchange, have a larger driving force in EPI than ENDO.

Falta de garantias e falhas de coordenação: evidências do sistema agroindustrial da carne bovina

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Silvia Morales de Queiroz Caleman

2012-06-01

Full Text Available O papel das instituições formais e informais na economia das organizações é tradicionalmente analisado em termos dos mecanismos eficientes de governança que minimizam os custos de transação. Baseada numa perspectiva inversa, a presente pesquisa foca nas falhas de coordenação e no problema da falta de garantias nas transações econômicas. Especificamente, examina-se o conjunto de garantias que suportam a transação entre pecuaristas e a indústria frigorífica em Mato Grosso do Sul com foco nas ineficiências do processo de comercialização de gado para abate. Para a compreensão das falhas de coordenação, propõe-se um constructo teórico baseado em Barzel (1997, que relaciona direitos de propriedade, garantias e instituições. Esse modelo é testado empiricamente por meio do desenvolvimento de duas regressões logísticas múltiplas: i modelo logit ordenado baseado na percepção de risco dos pecuaristas e ii modelo probit bivariado recursivo baseado na percepção de risco dos pecuaristas e no papel das ações coletivas. Os resultados apontam para a importância das instituições formais e das ações coletivas como mecanismos geradores de garantias para a transação e, consequentemente, para a minimização dos custos de transação.

Reactions of metal oxides with molten NaPO3 + NaCl mixtures

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kovarskaya, E.N.; Mityakhina, V.S.; Rodionov, Yu.I.; Silin, M.Yu.

1988-01-01

We consider the dissolution mechanism for iron (III), europium(III), and tin(IV) oxides in molten NaPO 3 + NaCl that are responsible for the peak solubilities. We chose Fe 2 O 3 as the basic material since this occurs in large amounts around damaged metal structures in rock salt mines in a proposed zone for storing vitrified radioactive wastes. Solubility measurement and paper chromatography show that Fe 2 O 3 dissolves in molten NaPO 3 + NaCl in air by reaction with the solvent to give double iron and sodium diphosphates and monophosphates in accordance with the initial solution-in-the-melt composition, the degree of equilibration, and the temperature. The elevated solubilities for initial NaCl contents close to 30 mole % are due to sodium triphosphates and tricyclophosphates present in these melts. Moessbauer spectroscopy confirms that double iron, europium and tin diphosphates and monophosphates containing sodium occur in these chloride-polyphosphate melts

Na(+),K (+)-ATPase as a docking station: protein-protein complexes of the Na(+),K (+)-ATPase.

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Reinhard, Linda; Tidow, Henning; Clausen, Michael J; Nissen, Poul

2013-01-01

The Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, or sodium pump, is well known for its role in ion transport across the plasma membrane of animal cells. It carries out the transport of Na(+) ions out of the cell and of K(+) ions into the cell and thus maintains electrolyte and fluid balance. In addition to the fundamental ion-pumping function of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, recent work has suggested additional roles for Na(+),K(+)-ATPase in signal transduction and biomembrane structure. Several signaling pathways have been found to involve Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, which serves as a docking station for a fast-growing number of protein interaction partners. In this review, we focus on Na(+),K(+)-ATPase as a signal transducer, but also briefly discuss other Na(+),K(+)-ATPase protein-protein interactions, providing a comprehensive overview of the diverse signaling functions ascribed to this well-known enzyme.

Characterization of Na+-linked and Na+-independent Cl-/HCO3- exchange systems in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cassel, D.; Scharf, O.; Rotman, M.; Cragoe, E.J. Jr.; Katz, M.

1988-01-01

The PS120 variant of Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts which lacks Na + /H + exchange activity was used to investigate bicarbonate transport systems and their role in intracellular pH (pH/sub i/) regulation. When pH/sub i/ was decreased by acid load, bicarbonate caused pH/sub i/ increase and stimulated 36 Cl - efflux from the cells, both in a Na + -dependent manner. These results together with previous findings that bicarbonate stimulates 22 Na + uptake in PS120 cells demonstrate the presence of a Na + -linked Cl - /HCO 3 - exchange system. In cells with normal initial pH/sub i/, bicarbonate caused Na + -independent pH/sub i/ increase in Cl - -free solutions and stimulated Na + -independent 36 Cl - efflux, indicating that a Na + -independent Cl - /HCO 3 - exchanger is also present in the cell. Na + -linked and Na + -independent Cl - /HCO 3- exchange is apparently mediated by two distinct systems, since a [(tetrahydrofluorene-7-yl)oxy]acetic acid derivative selectively inhibits the Na + -independent exchanger. An additional distinctive features is a 10-fold lower affinity for chloride of the Na + -linked exchanger. The Na + -linked and Na + -independent Cl - /HCO 3 - exchange systems are likely to protect the cell from acid and alkaline load, respectively

PRODUCTIVIDAD DE PASTURAS Y PRODUCCIÓN DE LECHE BOVINA BAJO PASTOREO DE GRAMÍNEA Y GRAMÍNEA + LOTUSULIGINOSUS EN MOSQUERA, CUNDINAMARCA

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RE Castro

2008-01-01

Full Text Available en el presente estudio se determinó y evaluó la producción de biomasa aérea (g Ms/m2, composición botánica, calidad nutricional, y producción y calidad de leche en dos tipos de pasturas para clima frío. el ensayo se realizó en el centro agropecuario Marengo de la Universidad nacional en Mosquera, Cundinamarca, donde se evaluaron dos pasturas, una de mezcla de kikuyo (Pennisetum clandestinum y festuca alta (Festuca arundinacea la segunda, una mezcla de festuca alta y la leguminosa trébol pata de pájaro (Lotus uligino-sus con un área de 1 ha cada una. se empleó un diseño al azar con la vaca como unidad experimental y la pastura como tratamiento. se usaron 5 vacas Holstein (Pv 580 kg entre 2 y 4 partos de segundo tercio de lactancia para cada tratamiento durante un periodo experi-mental de 14 días, 7 de acostumbramiento y 7 de mediciones. en cada pastura se determinó la producción de biomasa aérea (g Ms/m2, composición botánica (%, calidad nutricional (PC, Fdn, Fda, divMs, y se evaluó la producción (lt/día y calidad de leche (porcentaje de grasa, proteína, caseína, sólidos. aunque no se realizó comparación estadística para la producción de biomasa, la mayor producción fue observada en la pastura asociada; también en cuanto a la calidad nutricional la principal diferencia se observó en el contenido de pro-teína, siendo mayor en la pastura asociada. se observaron mayores valores en producción de leche, caseína y proteína en la pastura de gramínea más leguminosa (P 0,05. se puede concluir que las pasturas asociadas de gramínea más leguminosa mejoran los valores de producción y proteína en la leche.

Na/K Pump and Beyond: Na/K-ATPase as a Modulator of Apoptosis and Autophagy

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Cassiano Felippe Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque

2017-04-01

Full Text Available Lung cancer is a leading cause of global cancer deaths. Na/K-ATPase has been studied as a target for cancer treatment. Cardiotonic steroids (CS trigger intracellular signalling upon binding to Na/K-ATPase. Normal lung and tumour cells frequently express different pump isoforms. Thus, Na/K-ATPase is a powerful target for lung cancer treatment. Drugs targeting Na/K-ATPase may induce apoptosis and autophagy in transformed cells. We argue that Na/K-ATPase has a role as a potential target in chemotherapy in lung cancer treatment. We discuss the effects of Na/K-ATPase ligands and molecular pathways inducing deleterious effects on lung cancer cells, especially those leading to apoptosis and autophagy.

Na/K Pump and Beyond: Na/K-ATPase as a Modulator of Apoptosis and Autophagy.

Science.gov (United States)

Felippe Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque, Cassiano; Ribeiro Silva, Adriana; Ignácio da Silva, Camila; Caire Castro-Faria-Neto, Hugo; Burth, Patrícia

2017-04-21

Lung cancer is a leading cause of global cancer deaths. Na/K-ATPase has been studied as a target for cancer treatment. Cardiotonic steroids (CS) trigger intracellular signalling upon binding to Na/K-ATPase. Normal lung and tumour cells frequently express different pump isoforms. Thus, Na/K-ATPase is a powerful target for lung cancer treatment. Drugs targeting Na/K-ATPase may induce apoptosis and autophagy in transformed cells. We argue that Na/K-ATPase has a role as a potential target in chemotherapy in lung cancer treatment. We discuss the effects of Na/K-ATPase ligands and molecular pathways inducing deleterious effects on lung cancer cells, especially those leading to apoptosis and autophagy.

Subnitride chemistry: A first-principles study of the NaBa3N, Na5Ba3N, and Na16Ba6N phases

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oliva, Josep M.

2005-01-01

An ab initio study on the electronic structure of the subnitrides NaBa 3 N, Na 5 Ba 3 N, and Na 16 Ba 6 N is performed for the first time. The NaBa 3 N and Na 5 Ba 3 N phases consist of infinite 1 ∞ [NBa 6/2 ] strands composed of face-sharing NBa 6 octahedra surrounded by a 'sea' of sodium atoms. The Na 16 Ba 6 N phase consist of discrete [NBa 6 ] octahedra arranged in a body-cubic fashion, surrounded by a 'sea' of sodium atoms. Our calculations suggest that the title subnitrides are metals. Analysis of the electronic structure shows partial interaction of N(2s) with Ba(5p) electrons in the lower energy region for NaBa 3 N and Na 5 Ba 3 N. However, no dispersion is observed for the N(2s) and Ba(5p) bands in the cubic phase Na 16 Ba 6 N. The metallic band below the Fermi level shows a strong mixing of N(2p), Ba(6s), Ba(5d), Ba(6p), Na(3s) and Na(3p) orbitals. The metallic character in these nitrides stems from delocalized electrons corresponding to hybridized 5d l 6s m 6p n barium orbitals which interact with hybridized 3s n 3p m sodium orbitals. Analysis of the electron density and electronic structure in these nitrides shows two different regions: a metallic matrix corresponding to the sodium atoms and the regions around them and heteropolar bonding between nitrogen and barium within the infinite 1 ∞ [NBa 6/2 ] strands of the NaBa 3 N and Na 5 Ba 3 N phases, and within the isolated [NBa 6 ] octahedra of the Na 16 Ba 6 N phase. The nitrogen atoms inside the strands and octahedra are negatively charged, the anionic character of nitrogens being larger in the isolated octahedra of the cubic phase Na 16 Ba 6 N, due to the lack of electron delocalization along one direction as opposed to the other phases. The sodium and barium atoms appear to be slightly negatively and positively charged, the latter to a larger extent. From the computed Ba-N overlap populations as well as the analysis of the contour maps of differences between total density and superposition of

Paclitaxel loaded magnetic nanocomposites with folate modified chitosan/carboxymethyl surface; a vehicle for imaging and targeted drug delivery.

Science.gov (United States)

Bano, Shazia; Afzal, Muhammad; Waraich, Mustansar Mahmood; Alamgir, Khalid; Nazir, Samina

2016-11-20

In this study, Paclitaxel (PTX) containing, bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles were fabricated via a simple approach. Folic acid (FA) was conjugated to chitosan (CS)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) through an esterification reaction to produce BSA-CS-FA or BSA-CMC-FA conjugates. NiFe 2 O 4 noncore (NFs) and PTX were loaded through a heat treatment and by a diffusion process. NFs-BSA-CS and NFs-BSA-CMC-FA with size of about 80nm, showed superior transversal R 2 relaxation rate of 349 (mM) -1 s -1 along with folate receptor-targeted and magnetically directed functions. NFs-BSA-CS-FA or NFs-BSA-CS-FA were found stable and biocompatible. Application of an external magnetic field effectively enhanced the PTX release from PTX-NFs-BSA-CS-FA or PTX-NFs-BSA-CS-FA and hence tumor inhibition rate. This study validate that NFs-BSA-CS-FA or NFs-BSA-CMC-FA and PTX-NFs-BSA-CS-FA or PTX-NFs-BSA-CS-FA are suitable systems for tumor diagnosis and therapy. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier B.V.

WPŁYW WIEKU NA WYTRZYMAŁOŚĆ NA ŚCISKANIE BETONU MODYFIKOWANEGO DODATKIEM METAKAOLINITU

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Janusz KONKOL

Full Text Available W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań wytrzymałości na ściskanie betonów modyfikowanych dodatkiem metakaolinitu po 2, 3, 7, 14, 28 i 56 dniach dojrzewania. Dodatek metakaolinitu użyto jako częściowy substytut cementu, dokonując wymiany 10% masy cementu na metakaolinit. Udział ten uznawany jest za optymalny z uwagi na inne niż wytrzymałość na ściskanie właściwości betonu, w tym trwałość betonu modyfikowanego metakaolinitem. Badania przeprowadzono także dla betonu tła, betonu bez dodatku metakaolinitu. Betony wykonano przy założeniu stałego stosunku woda/spoiwo, względnie woda/cement wynoszącego 0,45 oraz przy użyciu cementu portlandzkiego CEM I 32,5R, piasku kwarcowego frakcji do 2 mm oraz grysu bazaltowego frakcji do 16 mm. W celu uzyskania pożądanej konsystencji mieszanki betonowej zastosowano upłynniacz na bazie estrów polikarboksylowych. Uzyskane rezultaty badań potwierdziły wysoką aktywność pucolanową metakaolinitu już we wczesnym okresie dojrzewania betonu. W okresie między 3 a 7 dniem dojrzewania stwierdzono wolniejszy przyrost wytrzymałości na ściskanie w betonie niemodyfikowanym metakaolinitem, podczas gdy w betonie, w którym 10% masy cementu zastąpiono metakaolinitem uwidocznił się znaczący przyrost wytrzymałości na ściskanie. Po 2 dniach dojrzewania wytrzymałość na ściskanie betonu tła była nieznacznie wyższa od wytrzymałości na ściskanie betonu modyfikowanego. Korzystny wpływ dodatku metakaolinitu wynikający z jego wysokiej aktywności pucolanowej, jak również z uszczelniającego charakteru tego dodatku obserwowano jest zwłaszcza w okresie między 3 a 14 dniem dojrzewania. W tym okresie obserwowano znaczny przyrost wytrzymałości na ściskanie betonu modyfikowanego w porównaniu z wytrzymałością na ściskanie betonu tła. Po 7 i 14 dniach dojrzewania stwierdzono odpowiednio prawie 25% i 21% wzrost wytrzymałości na ściskanie na skutek użycia metakaolinitu.

Teratological studies of DTPA-CaNa3, DTPA-ZnNa3 and quinamic acid in mice

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Luo Meichu; Ruan Tianming; Tong Shungao

1989-01-01

DTPA-CaNa 3 , DTPA-ZnNa 3 and quinamic acid are effective chelating agents for removing actinide elements from the body. In this experiment, different doses of DTPA-CaNa 3 , DTPA-ZnNa 3 and quinamic acid were given to mice on gestation days 6-10. Eight groups of mice received 0.8 and 2.0 mM/kg of DTPA-CaNa 3 , 3.8, 7.6, and 11.4 mM/kg of DTPA-ZnNa 3 and 0.42, 2.1, and 4.2 mM/kg of quinamic acid. Hypetonic saline and isotonic saline were given to two control groups. DTPA-CaNa 3 and quinamidic acid were found to be much more toxic to fetus of mice than DTPA-ZnNa 3 . When the doses of DTPA-CaMa 3 and quinamidic acid were 20 times higher than the human dose, the number of resorbed fetus was increased and the number and weight of live fetus were reduced. The result of injection with 7.6 mM/kg (200 times of human dose)DTPA-ZnNa 3 and that of injection with isotonic saline are the same. Therefore, we suggest that the DTPA-CaNa 3 and quinamidic acid should not be given to pregnant woman, if chelation therapy is needed, while the much safer DTPA-ZnNa 3 could be used

Na-ion dynamics in Quasi-1D compound NaV2O4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Månsson, M; Umegaki, I; Nozaki, H; Higuchi, Y; Sugiyama, J; Kawasaki, I; Watanabe, I; Sakurai, H

2014-01-01

We have used the pulsed muon source at ISIS to study high-temperature Na-ion dynamics in the quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) metallic antiferromagnet NaV 2 O 4 . By performing systematic zero-field and longitudinal-field measurements as a function of temperature we clearly distinguish that the hopping rate increases exponentially above T diff ≈ 250 K. The data is well fitted to an Arrhenius type equation typical for a diffusion process, showing that the Na-ions starts to be mobile above T diff . Such results make this compound very interesting for the tuning of Q1D magnetism using atomic-scale ion-texturing through the periodic potential from ordered Na-vacancies. Further, it also opens the door to possible use of NaV 2 O 4 and related compounds in energy related applications

O Passeio Público do Rio de Janeiro na Literatura, na Pintura e na Fotografia do Século XIX

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Solange de Aragão

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo geral e mais amplo chamar a atenção dos pesquisadores para a importância da literatura, da pintura e da fotografia como fontes documentais para a construção da História do Paisagismo no Brasil por meio de um estudo de caso muito particular: o Passeio Público do Rio de Janeiro no século XIX. São objetivos específicos apresentar e analisar o modo como esse espaço livre público aparece na literatura, na pintura e na fotografia desse período, considerando suas transformações paisagísticas.

Solubility of NaNd(CO3)2.6H2O(c) in concentrated Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 solutions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rao, L.; Rai, D.; Felmy, A.R.; Fulton, R.W.; Novak, C.F.

1996-01-01

NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O(c) was identified to be the final equilibrium solid phase in suspensions containing concentrated sodium carbonate (0.1 to 2.0 M) and sodium bicarbonate (0.1 to 1.0 M), with either NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O(c) or Nd 2 (CO 3 ) 3 x xH 2 O(s) as initial solids. A thermodynamic model, based on Pitzer's specific into-interaction approach, was developed to interpret the solubility of NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O(c) as functions of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate concentrations. In this model, the solubility data of NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O(c) were explained by assuming the formation of NdCO 3 + , Nd(CO 3 ) 2 - and Nd(CO 3 ) 3 3- species and invoking the specific ion interactions between Na + and Nd(CO 3 ) 3 3- . Ion interaction parameters for Na + -Nd(CO 3 ) 3 3- were developed to fit the solubility data. Based on the model calculations, Nd(CO 3 ) 3 3- was the predominant aqueous neodymium species in 0.1 to 2 M sodium carbonate and 0.1 to 1 M sodium bicarbonate solutions. The logarithm of the NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O solubility product (NaNd(CO 3 ) 2 x 6 H 2 O(c)=Na + +Nd 3+ +2 CO 3 2- +6 H 2 O) was calculated to be -21.39. This model also provided satisfactory interpretation of the solubility data of the analogous Am(III) system in less concentrated carbonate and bicarbonate solutions. (orig.)

BOVINE MASTITIS IN THE GOIÂNIA DAIRY BASIN MASTITE BOVINA NA BACIA LEITEIRA DE GOIÂNIA

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Roberval Rodrigues da Costa

2007-09-01

Full Text Available

This investigation was carried on in six counties of milk region around Goiânia city, state of Goiás. Seven hundred and one (701 cows in lactation were examined, from which 87 (12.41% showed c1inica1 and subclinical mastitis. The tests CMT/ Whiteside were dome on 2,717 samples of milk and from those 393 (41.46% were positive. The rnicroorganisms isolated from 701 lactocultures were: Staphilococcus aureus 172 (67.70%; Streptococcus spp. 38 (l4.96%; Corynebacterium spp. 42 (16.53%; Staphylococcu.s epidermides 38 (14.96%; Pseudomonas aeruginosa 21 (8.26%; Eschericheir coli 18 (7.08%; Serratia marceceus 12 (4.72%; Klebsiella spp 5 (1.96%; Proteus vulgaris 4 (1.57%; Candida spp 5 (1.96%; Candida spp 5 (1.96% and in 23 (9.05% there was no growing.

Esta pesquisa foi realizada em seis municípios da bacia leiteira de Goiânia tendo sido examinadas 701 vacas lactantes, das quais 87 (12,41% apresentaram mastite clínica e subclínica. Os testes CMT/Whiteside foram realizados em 2.717 amostras de leite, sendo que 393 (14,46% resultaram positivas. Os microrganismos isolados das 701 lactoculturas foram: Staphilococcus aureus 172 (67,70%; Streptococcus spp. 38 (l4,96%; Corynebacterium spp. 42 (16 ,53%; Staphylococcu.s epidermides 38 (14 ,96%; Pseudomonas aeruginosa 21 (8,26%; Eschericheir coli 18 (7,08%; Serratia marceceus 12 (4,72%; Klebsiella spp 5 (1,96%; Proteus vulgaris 4 (1,57%; Candida spp 5 (1,96%; Candida spp 5 (1,96% e em 23 (9,05% não houve crescimento.

Modelo de simulação do desempenho reprodutivo de fêmeas bovinas de corte com base no escore de condição corporal Simulation model of the reproductive performance of beef cows based on body condition score

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José Acélio Silveira da Fontoura Júnior

2009-08-01

Full Text Available Os objetivos neste trabalho foram desenvolver um modelo matemático dinâmico para descrever o processo reprodutivo em sistemas de produção de bovinos de corte e simular o desempenho reprodutivo do rebanho, com base no desempenho individual das fêmeas, determinado a partir do escore de condição corporal ao parto e da maturidade sexual. Trata-se de um modelo empírico, dinâmico e que contém elementos determinísticos e estocásticos. O desenvolvimento do modelo foi baseado na relação entre o escore de condição corporal (ECC e o intervalo parto-concepção (IPC para vacas com cria ao pé. Para novilhas e vacas vazias, a concepção foi baseada na probabilidade de conceber, de modo que, para novilhas, a idade e/ou o peso à puberdade foram fatores limitantes. O modelo tem duas formas de leitura dos dados de entrada: uma do relatório de parição gerado pelo software; e a outra, a partir dos dados de entrada definidos pelo usuário. Os dados de entrada são considerados médias, com exceção dos referentes à estação reprodutiva, e o modelo atribui um desvio-padrão para cada variável, de modo que os dados utilizados na execução do modelo seguem uma distribuição normal. A saída final, em formato de relatórios, fornece, além de outras informações, o total de kg de bezerros desmamados/vaca/ano. É possível alterar valores de entrada para testar o impacto dessas mudanças nas variáveis de resposta. O desenvolvimento do modelo contribuiu para maior compreensão do sistema estudado e permitiu a simulação do desempenho reprodutivo de fêmeas bovinas de corte a partir do ECC ao parto (ECCPAR. Seu uso, para auxiliar no processo de tomadas de decisão no mundo real, depende das próximas etapas do trabalho, como verificação, calibração e validação.A dynamic mathematical model was developed to describe the reproductive process in beef cattle production systems and to simulate individual cow reproductive performance while

Comparación de metodologías moleculares para identificar el gen de la kappa caseína en ganado Holstein

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Carlos Solarte P.

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Objetivo. Comparar las metodologías moleculares, PCR-RFLPs y PCR-SSCP, para identificar las variantes alélicas del gen de la kappa caseína (CSN3 en bovinos Holstein del trópico alto de Nariño-Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se escogieron al azar 50 vacas Holstein y mediante punción en la vena coxígea media se tomaron muestras de 5cc de sangre, que se almacenaron y preservaron en tarjetas FTA® para su posterior análisis en el laboratorio. El ADN se amplificó por PCR utilizando cebadores específicos. Los cambios en la conformación de cadena sencilla (SSCP fueron visualizados en geles de poliacrilamida al 12%; mientras que los RFLPs se obtuvieron por digestión con tres enzimas de restricción y se visualizaron en geles de agarosa al 4%. Resultados. La metodología PCR-RFLPs fue útil para detectar mutaciones puntuales y por lo tanto se identificó un mayor número de alelos, lo que contribuye a una mejor estimación de las medidas de diversidad genética en poblaciones seleccionadas, ya que evita problemas de sobreestimación de los valores en las frecuencias alélicas. Por su parte, la técnica PCR-SSCP resultó más sencilla y económica, ideal para investigaciones en las que no existe información previa sobre los genotipos de las poblaciones bovinas y en estudios con bajos presupuestos. Conclusiones. Las dos metodologías evaluadas son herramientas moleculares que contribuyen a la orientación de los procesos de selección en los bovinos para leche, ya que identifican los alelos del gen CSN3. La diferencia radica en el costo de las mismas y en el número de variantes identificadas.

Mechanism of μ-conotoxin PIIIA binding to the voltage-gated Na+ channel NaV1.4.

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Rong Chen

Full Text Available Several subtypes of voltage-gated Na+ (NaV channels are important targets for pain management. μ-Conotoxins isolated from venoms of cone snails are potent and specific blockers of different NaV channel isoforms. The inhibitory effect of μ-conotoxins on NaV channels has been examined extensively, but the mechanism of toxin specificity has not been understood in detail. Here the known structure of μ-conotoxin PIIIA and a model of the skeletal muscle channel NaV1.4 are used to elucidate elements that contribute to the structural basis of μ-conotoxin binding and specificity. The model of NaV1.4 is constructed based on the crystal structure of the bacterial NaV channel, NaVAb. Six different binding modes, in which the side chain of each of the basic residues carried by the toxin protrudes into the selectivity filter of NaV1.4, are examined in atomic detail using molecular dynamics simulations with explicit solvent. The dissociation constants (Kd computed for two selected binding modes in which Lys9 or Arg14 from the toxin protrudes into the filter of the channel are within 2 fold; both values in close proximity to those determined from dose response data for the block of NaV currents. To explore the mechanism of PIIIA specificity, a double mutant of NaV1.4 mimicking NaV channels resistant to μ-conotoxins and tetrodotoxin is constructed and the binding of PIIIA to this mutant channel examined. The double mutation causes the affinity of PIIIA to reduce by two orders of magnitude.

Muscle K+, Na+, and Cl- disturbances and Na+-K+ pump inactivation: implications for fatigue

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

McKenna, Michael J; Bangsbo, Jens; Renaud, Jean-Marc

2008-01-01

(+)-ATPase activity during exercise stabilizes Na(+) and K(+) concentration gradients and membrane excitability and thus protects against fatigue. However, during intense contraction some Na(+)-K(+) pumps are inactivated and together with further ionic disturbances, likely precipitate muscle fatigue.......Membrane excitability is a critical regulatory step in skeletal muscle contraction and is modulated by local ionic concentrations, conductances, ion transporter activities, temperature, and humoral factors. Intense fatiguing contractions induce cellular K(+) efflux and Na(+) and Cl(-) influx......, causing pronounced perturbations in extracellular (interstitial) and intracellular K(+) and Na(+) concentrations. Muscle interstitial K(+) concentration may increase 1- to 2-fold to 11-13 mM and intracellular K(+) concentration fall by 1.3- to 1.7-fold; interstitial Na(+) concentration may decline by 10 m...

Route, mechanism, and implications of proton import during Na+/K+ exchange by native Na+/K+-ATPase pumps

Science.gov (United States)

Vedovato, Natascia

2014-01-01

A single Na+/K+-ATPase pumps three Na+ outwards and two K+ inwards by alternately exposing ion-binding sites to opposite sides of the membrane in a conformational sequence coupled to pump autophosphorylation from ATP and auto-dephosphorylation. The larger flow of Na+ than K+ generates outward current across the cell membrane. Less well understood is the ability of Na+/K+ pumps to generate an inward current of protons. Originally noted in pumps deprived of external K+ and Na+ ions, as inward current at negative membrane potentials that becomes amplified when external pH is lowered, this proton current is generally viewed as an artifact of those unnatural conditions. We demonstrate here that this inward current also flows at physiological K+ and Na+ concentrations. We show that protons exploit ready reversibility of conformational changes associated with extracellular Na+ release from phosphorylated Na+/K+ pumps. Reversal of a subset of these transitions allows an extracellular proton to bind an acidic side chain and to be subsequently released to the cytoplasm. This back-step of phosphorylated Na+/K+ pumps that enables proton import is not required for completion of the 3 Na+/2 K+ transport cycle. However, the back-step occurs readily during Na+/K+ transport when external K+ ion binding and occlusion are delayed, and it occurs more frequently when lowered extracellular pH raises the probability of protonation of the externally accessible carboxylate side chain. The proton route passes through the Na+-selective binding site III and is distinct from the principal pathway traversed by the majority of transported Na+ and K+ ions that passes through binding site II. The inferred occurrence of Na+/K+ exchange and H+ import during the same conformational cycle of a single molecule identifies the Na+/K+ pump as a hybrid transporter. Whether Na+/K+ pump–mediated proton inflow may have any physiological or pathophysiological significance remains to be clarified. PMID

Route, mechanism, and implications of proton import during Na+/K+ exchange by native Na+/K+-ATPase pumps.

Science.gov (United States)

Vedovato, Natascia; Gadsby, David C

2014-04-01

A single Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase pumps three Na(+) outwards and two K(+) inwards by alternately exposing ion-binding sites to opposite sides of the membrane in a conformational sequence coupled to pump autophosphorylation from ATP and auto-dephosphorylation. The larger flow of Na(+) than K(+) generates outward current across the cell membrane. Less well understood is the ability of Na(+)/K(+) pumps to generate an inward current of protons. Originally noted in pumps deprived of external K(+) and Na(+) ions, as inward current at negative membrane potentials that becomes amplified when external pH is lowered, this proton current is generally viewed as an artifact of those unnatural conditions. We demonstrate here that this inward current also flows at physiological K(+) and Na(+) concentrations. We show that protons exploit ready reversibility of conformational changes associated with extracellular Na(+) release from phosphorylated Na(+)/K(+) pumps. Reversal of a subset of these transitions allows an extracellular proton to bind an acidic side chain and to be subsequently released to the cytoplasm. This back-step of phosphorylated Na(+)/K(+) pumps that enables proton import is not required for completion of the 3 Na(+)/2 K(+) transport cycle. However, the back-step occurs readily during Na(+)/K(+) transport when external K(+) ion binding and occlusion are delayed, and it occurs more frequently when lowered extracellular pH raises the probability of protonation of the externally accessible carboxylate side chain. The proton route passes through the Na(+)-selective binding site III and is distinct from the principal pathway traversed by the majority of transported Na(+) and K(+) ions that passes through binding site II. The inferred occurrence of Na(+)/K(+) exchange and H(+) import during the same conformational cycle of a single molecule identifies the Na(+)/K(+) pump as a hybrid transporter. Whether Na(+)/K(+) pump-mediated proton inflow may have any physiological or

Study on protein conformation and adsorption behaviors in nanodiamond particle-protein complexes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang Haidong; Niu, Catherine Hui; Yang Qiaoqin; Badea, Ildiko

2011-01-01

In the present research, the conformation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the nanodiamond particle (ND)-BSA complex was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The spectroscopic study revealed that most BSA structural features could be preserved in the complex though the BSA underwent conformational changes in the complex due to ND-BSA interaction. In addition, BSA adsorption isotherms and zeta-potential measurements were employed to investigate the pH dependence of the ND-BSA interaction. The changes in surface charge of the ND-BSA complex with pH variations indicated that the binding of BSA to ND might lead to not only the adsorption of BSA onto the ND surface but also the partial breakup of ND aggregates into relatively small ND-BSA aggregates because of the strong binding force between ND and BSA. The results show that ND is an excellent platform for protein immobilization with high affinity and holds great potential to be used for biosensor applications.

Study on protein conformation and adsorption behaviors in nanodiamond particle-protein complexes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wang Haidong [Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5A9 (Canada); Niu, Catherine Hui [Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5A9 (Canada); Yang Qiaoqin [Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5A9 (Canada); Badea, Ildiko, E-mail: catherine.niu@usask.ca [Drug Design and Discovery Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5C9 (Canada)

2011-04-08

In the present research, the conformation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the nanodiamond particle (ND)-BSA complex was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The spectroscopic study revealed that most BSA structural features could be preserved in the complex though the BSA underwent conformational changes in the complex due to ND-BSA interaction. In addition, BSA adsorption isotherms and zeta-potential measurements were employed to investigate the pH dependence of the ND-BSA interaction. The changes in surface charge of the ND-BSA complex with pH variations indicated that the binding of BSA to ND might lead to not only the adsorption of BSA onto the ND surface but also the partial breakup of ND aggregates into relatively small ND-BSA aggregates because of the strong binding force between ND and BSA. The results show that ND is an excellent platform for protein immobilization with high affinity and holds great potential to be used for biosensor applications.

Growth mechanism of NaClO 3 and NaBrO 3 crystals from aqueous ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

A study of growth rates of NaClO3 and NaBrO3 has been carried out using a small growth cell by in situ observation. Normal growth rates of {100} faces of NaClO3 and {111} faces of NaBrO3 along ⟨ 110 ⟩ direction are measured under relatively high supersaturation ranging from 3–8%. In the initial stages of growth, {100}, ...

Rescue of Na+ affinity in aspartate 928 mutants of Na+,K+-ATPase by secondary mutation of glutamate 314.

Science.gov (United States)

Holm, Rikke; Einholm, Anja P; Andersen, Jens P; Vilsen, Bente

2015-04-10

The Na(+),K(+)-ATPase binds Na(+) at three transport sites denoted I, II, and III, of which site III is Na(+)-specific and suggested to be the first occupied in the cooperative binding process activating phosphorylation from ATP. Here we demonstrate that the asparagine substitution of the aspartate associated with site III found in patients with rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism or alternating hemiplegia of childhood causes a dramatic reduction of Na(+) affinity in the α1-, α2-, and α3-isoforms of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, whereas other substitutions of this aspartate are much less disruptive. This is likely due to interference by the amide function of the asparagine side chain with Na(+)-coordinating residues in site III. Remarkably, the Na(+) affinity of site III aspartate to asparagine and alanine mutants is rescued by second-site mutation of a glutamate in the extracellular part of the fourth transmembrane helix, distant to site III. This gain-of-function mutation works without recovery of the lost cooperativity and selectivity of Na(+) binding and does not affect the E1-E2 conformational equilibrium or the maximum phosphorylation rate. Hence, the rescue of Na(+) affinity is likely intrinsic to the Na(+) binding pocket, and the underlying mechanism could be a tightening of Na(+) binding at Na(+) site II, possibly via movement of transmembrane helix four. The second-site mutation also improves Na(+),K(+) pump function in intact cells. Rescue of Na(+) affinity and Na(+) and K(+) transport by second-site mutation is unique in the history of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase and points to new possibilities for treatment of neurological patients carrying Na(+),K(+)-ATPase mutations. © 2015 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Desenvolvimento pós-embrionário de Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius (Diptera: Calliphoridae, criada em duas dietas naturais, sob condições controladas

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Débora Cardoso

2012-08-01

Cochliomyia macellaria tem interese médico e médico veterinário por ser veiculadora de enteropatógenos e causadora de miíase secundária. A busca por dietas com baixo custo que mantenham a qualidade da criação torna-se necessária. Objetivou-se avaliar a dieta moela de frango no desenvolvimento pós-embrionário de C. macellaria, comparada a carne bovina. Quarenta neolarvas (3ª geração foram transferidas para 80g de dieta (quatro repetições/tratamento. Foi registrada a massa corporal das larvas maduras, e estas transferidas para tubos de ensaio e mantidas a T 30ºC dia/28ºC noite, UR 70±10% e 12h de fotofase. As observações foram diárias. Houve diferença significativa entre a massa corporal das larvas criadas na dieta moela de frango (0,067g e carne bovina (0,062g. Não houve diferença significativa entre a duração média em dias do estágio larval (4,00; 4,17, pupal (4,09; 4,04; de neolarva a adulto (8,07 e 8,16, para moela e carne, respectivamente. A viabilidade média larval, pupal e total (> 85% não diferiram estatisticamente pelo teste t de Student, 5% de significância. Não houve desvio da razão sexual e não foi observada anormalidade dos adultos. A dieta moela de frango é uma alternativa eficaz e de baixo custo para criação de C. macellaria em laboratório.

The system NaVO3-Na2WO4-Na2W2O7

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kazanbekov, V.R.; Gasanaliev, A.M.; Kazanbekov, R.G.

1994-01-01

Phase diagrams of sodium metavanadate-sodium ditungstate, sodium metavanadate-sodium tungstate systems and surface of primary crystallization of sodium metavabadate-sodium tungstate-sodium ditungstate system were studied. The system sodium metavanadate-sodium ditungstate is eutectic one. Compound NaVO 3 x2Na 2 WO 4 is formed in solid state in sodium metavanadate-sodium tungstate system. Liquidus surface of sodium metavanadate-sodium tungstate-sodium ditungstate is presented by three crystallization fields of initial components. Composition and melting point of ternary eutectics are determined

Copper-mediated oxidative degradation of catecholamines and oxidative damage of protein

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Goncalves, P.R.; Harria, M.I.N.; Felix, J.M.; Hoffmann, M.E. [Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP (Brazil). Inst. de Biologia

1997-12-31

Full text. Degradative oxidation of catecholamines has been a matter of large interest in recent years due to the evidences associating their autoxidation with the etiology of neurotoxic and cardiotoxic processes. In this work we present data on the degradative oxidation of catecholamines of physiological importance: isoproterenol (IP), epinephrine (EP), norepinephrine (NEP), deoxyepinephrine (DEP) and dopamine (DA). The degradative oxidation of the catecholamines was followed by measurement of spectral changes and oxygen consumption by neutral aqueous solutions. The data show that Cu{sup 2+} strongly accelerated the rate of catecholamine oxidation, following the decreasing order; EP>DEP>IP>NEP>DA. The production of superoxide anion radical during catecholamine oxidation was very slow, even in the presence of Cu{sup 2+}. The ability of IP to induce damages on bovine serum albumin (BSA) was determined by measuring the formation of carbonyl-groups in the protein, detected by reduction with tritiated Na BH{sub 4}. The incubation of BSA with IP (50-500{mu}M), in the presence of 100{mu}M Cu{sup 2+} leaded to an increased and dose dependent {sup 3} H-incorporation by the oxidized protein. The production of oxidative damage by IP/Cu{sup 2+} was accompanied by marked BSA fragmentation, detected by SDS-polyacrylamide gel dependent (25-400{mu}M IP) des appearance of the original BSA band and appearance of smaller fragments spread in the gel, when incubation has been done in the presence of 100{mu}M Cu{sup 2+}. These results suggest that copper-catalysed oxidative degradation of proteins induced by catecholamines might be critically involved in the toxic action of these molecules

Extração de proteínas miofibrilares de carne bovina para elaboração de filmes comestíveis Extraction of bovine meat myofibrillar proteins for elaboration edible films

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sílvia M. A. de Souza

2004-12-01

Full Text Available A utilização de proteínas miofibrilares de carne na elaboração de filmes comestíveis implica, inicialmente, na obtenção desta macromolécula, uma vez que ela é indisponível comercialmente. Assim, os objetivos deste trabalho foram a obtenção e caracterização de proteínas miofibrilares de carne bovina, em escala de laboratório, e a elaboração e caracterização da microestrutura de filmes à base dessas proteínas. As proteínas miofibrilares foram extraídas do músculo Semitendinosus bovino, pós rigor mortis, empregando-se uma técnica de extração por centrifugação diferencial em solução tampão, com diferentes concentrações salinas, segundo metodologia de EISELE & BREKKE [13] modificada neste trabalho. As proteínas, assim obtidas, foram liofilizadas (PML e analisadas para determinação do teor de proteínas, de lipídios, de sais minerais, de cinzas e da umidade. A composição de aminoácidos foi determinada por cromatografia de troca iônica e o perfil eletroforético foi determinado em gel de poliacrilamida. Alguns filmes foram elaborados com 1g de PML/100g de solução, 60g de glicerol/100g de proteínas e ácido acético glacial para ajuste do pH=2,8. A microestrutura desses filmes foram analisadas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura. A PML, que apresentou teor de proteínas de 84,3%, foi composta de diversas frações de proteínas miofibrilares, com destaque para frações da miosina e da actina, segundo os resultados da eletroforese. Trabalhando-se a composição de aminoácidos, verificou-se que a maior contribuição energética das interações potenciais dos aminoácidos, foram as provenientes de ligações covalentes (58,3%, seguidas das interações iônicas (35,72%. A microestrutura do filme revelou uma estrutura pouco homogênea, porém coesa e densa e uma matriz protéica compacta e fina.The use of meat myofibrillar proteins for edible film production involves initially the extraction of the

Summer sudden Na number density enhancements measured with the ALOMAR Weber Na Lidar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

D. Heinrich

2008-05-01

Full Text Available We present summer Na-densities and atmospheric temperatures measured 80 to 110 km above the Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research (ALOMAR. The Weber Na Lidar is part of ALOMAR, located at 69° N in Norway, 150 km north of the Arctic Circle. The sun does not set here during the summer months, and measurements require a narrowband Faraday Anomalous Dispersion Optical Filter (FADOF.

We discuss an observed sudden enhancement in the Na number density around 22:00 UT on 1 to 2 June 2006. We compare this observation with previous summer measurements and find a frequent appearance of Na number density enhancements near local midnight. We describe the time of appearance, the altitude distribution, the duration and the strength of these enhancements and compare them to winter observations. We investigate possible formation mechanisms and, as others before, we find a strong link between these Na number density enhancements and sporadic E layers.

Summer sudden Na number density enhancements measured with the ALOMAR Weber Na Lidar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

D. Heinrich

2008-05-01

Full Text Available We present summer Na-densities and atmospheric temperatures measured 80 to 110 km above the Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research (ALOMAR. The Weber Na Lidar is part of ALOMAR, located at 69° N in Norway, 150 km north of the Arctic Circle. The sun does not set here during the summer months, and measurements require a narrowband Faraday Anomalous Dispersion Optical Filter (FADOF. We discuss an observed sudden enhancement in the Na number density around 22:00 UT on 1 to 2 June 2006. We compare this observation with previous summer measurements and find a frequent appearance of Na number density enhancements near local midnight. We describe the time of appearance, the altitude distribution, the duration and the strength of these enhancements and compare them to winter observations. We investigate possible formation mechanisms and, as others before, we find a strong link between these Na number density enhancements and sporadic E layers.

Muziki wa Hip Hop na Haki Za Kijamii: Dhima, Changamoto na ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Ni dhahiri kuwa haki za kijamii zinaweza kuwasilishwa kwa jamii pana kupitia sanaa ya hip hop. Makala haya basi, yanabainisha dhima na mchango wa muziki wa hip hop katika masuala ya haki za kijamii, yanafafanua changamoto za muziki huu katika kuwasilisha haki za kijamii na kutoa mapendekezo kwa makundi ...

Sequential growth of sandwiched NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb core–shell–shell nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Peng, Huang-Yong; Ding, Bin-Bin; Ma, Yin-Chu [Department of Medical Materials and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009 (China); Sun, Shi-Qi [State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046 (China); Tao, Wei [Department of Medical Materials and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009 (China); Guo, Yan-Chuan [Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (China); Guo, Hui-Chen, E-mail: ghch-2004@hotmail.com [State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology and Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046 (China); Yang, Xian-Zhu, E-mail: yangxz@hftu.edu.cn [Department of Medical Materials and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009 (China); Qian, Hai-Sheng, E-mail: shqian@hfut.edu.cn [Department of Medical Materials and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009 (China)

2015-12-01

Graphical abstract: The monodisperse elliptical NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb core–shell–shell nanoparticles have been synthesized successfully by a facile sequential growth process, which can be used as transducer for photodynamic therapy of cancer cells. - Highlights: • The NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb nanoparticles have been fabricated successfully. • The as-prepared nanoparticles show strong fluorescence excited at 980 or 808 nm. • The nanoparticles were transferred into the aqueous phase via a facile process. • Photosensitizers were loaded into the composites for photodynamic therapy. - Abstract: Upconversion (UC) nanostructures have attracted much interest for their extensive biological applications. In this work, we describe a sequential synthetic route to prepare sandwiched NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb core–shell upconversion nanoparticles. The as-prepared products were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEM 2100F), respectively. The as-prepared core–shell nanoparticles of NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb are composed of elliptical nanoparticles with a length of 80 nm and width of 42 nm, which show efficient upconversion fluorescence excited at 808 nm indicating the formation of core–shell–shell sandwiched nanostructures. In addition, the as-prepared sandwiched NaYF{sub 4}:Yb/Er@NaYF{sub 4}:Yb@NaNdF{sub 4}:Yb core–shell upconversion nanoparticles also show strong upconversion fluorescence excited at 980 nm. Amphiphilic mPEG{sub 2k}-b-PEBEP{sub 6K} copolymers (denoted as PPE) were chosen to transfer these hydrophobic UCNPs into the aqueous phase for biological application. In vitro photodynamic therapy of cancer cells show that the viability of cells incubated with the nanoparticles loaded with MC 540 was significantly lower as compared to the nanoparticles without photosensitizers exposed to NIR laser.

Intracellular Na+ regulation of Na+ pump sites in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Allen, J.C.; Navran, S.S.; Seidel, C.L.; Dennison, D.K.; Amann, J.M.; Jemelka, S.K.

1989-01-01

Enzymatically dispersed cells from canine saphenous vein and femoral artery were grown in fetal calf serum and studied at day 0 (freshly dispersed) through confluence in primary culture. Intracellular Na levels (Nai), but not intracellular K (Ki), were increased after 24 h in culture and then decreased to a steady state by 4 days. Na+ pump site number [( 3 H] ouabain binding) increased through day 3 and remained elevated. Nai was still elevated at 2 days when the Na+ pump site number began to increase. Total pump turnover (maximum ouabain-inhibited 86 Rb uptake) reflected the increase in Na+ pump site number. These key events precede the observed increases in both protein production and cellular proliferation. If the same cells are maintained in defined medium, without fetal calf serum, Nai, Ki, and the number of [ 3 H]ouabain binding sites do not change with time. These data are consistent with the suggestion that the initial mitogenic response of vascular smooth muscle cells to fetal calf serum involves an increased Na+ influx, and a Nai accumulation, caused by low Na+ pump density. The synthesis of new pump sites effects a decrease in the accumulated Nai, which may be related to cell proliferation

On the Stability of NaO2 in Na-O2 Batteries.

Science.gov (United States)

Liu, Chenjuan; Carboni, Marco; Brant, William R; Pan, Ruijun; Hedman, Jonas; Zhu, Jiefang; Gustafsson, Torbjörn; Younesi, Reza

2018-04-25

Na-O 2 batteries are regarded as promising candidates for energy storage. They have higher energy efficiency, rate capability, and chemical reversibility than Li-O 2 batteries; in addition, sodium is cheaper and more abundant compared to lithium. However, inconsistent observations and instability of discharge products have inhibited the understanding of the working mechanism of this technology. In this work, we have investigated a number of factors that influence the stability of the discharge products. By means of in operando powder X-ray diffraction study, the influence of oxygen, sodium anode, salt, solvent, and carbon cathode were investigated. The Na metal anode and an ether-based solvent are the main factors that lead to the instability and decomposition of NaO 2 in the cell environment. This fundamental insight brings new information on the working mechanism of Na-O 2 batteries.

NaK handling and removal

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Desreumaux, J.; Rodriguez, G.; Guigon, A.; Verdelli, J.; Thomine, G.

1997-01-01

Sodium-potassium alloy is used in specific application in French Fast Breeder Reactors as: cold traps, NaK bubbler for argon purification, valves and also in experimental irradiation devices. lt has been preferred to sodium because it is liquid from + 7 deg. C for the most common peritectic alloy. After its use, NaK is considered as a hazardous waste (nuclear or not) due to its high reactivity with air and water. The most important risk remains in handling NaK systems which have not been operated for some time. The NaK will be covered with a crust of the superoxide K02 which is a strong oxidising agent. Thermodynamically, K02 will react with most organic material or metallic dust or swarfs and can also react with additional NaK to give sufficient heat to boil part of the NaK, resulting in a sudden increase in pressure and small explosions. We describe the formation given to experimenters in our Sodium School and the CEA's experience in treating specific devices for transportation, decanting of tanks, tank opening and NaK removal. (author)

Angiotensin II-induced hypertension increases plasma membrane Na pump activity by enhancing Na entry in rat thick ascending limbs.

Science.gov (United States)

Gonzalez-Vicente, Agustin; Garvin, Jeffrey L

2013-11-01

Thick ascending limbs (TAL) reabsorb 30% of the filtered NaCl load. Na enters the cells via apical Na-K-2Cl cotransporters and Na/H exchangers and exits via basolateral Na pumps. Chronic angiotensin II (ANG II) infusion increases net TAL Na transport and Na apical entry; however, little is known about its effects on the basolateral Na pump. We hypothesized that in rat TALs Na pump activity is enhanced by ANG II-infusion, a model of ANG II-induced hypertension. Rats were infused with 200 ng·kg(-1)·min(-1) ANG II or vehicle for 7 days, and TAL suspensions were obtained. We studied plasma membrane Na pump activity by measuring changes in 1) intracellular Na (Nai) induced by ouabain; and 2) ouabain-sensitive oxygen consumption (QO2). We found that the ouabain-sensitive rise in Nai in TALs from ANG II-infused rats was 12.8 ± 0.4 arbitrary fluorescent units (AFU)·mg(-1)·min(-1) compared with only 9.9 ± 1.1 AFU·mg(-1)·min(-1) in controls (P Na pump expression, the number of Na pumps in the plasma membrane, or the affinity for Na. When furosemide (1.1 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1)) was coinfused with ANG II, no increase in plasma membrane Na pump activity was observed. We concluded that in ANG II-induced hypertension Na pump activity is increased in the plasma membrane of TALs and that this increase is caused by the chronically enhanced Na entry occurring in this model.

Silicene for Na-ion battery applications

KAUST Repository

Zhu, Jiajie

2016-08-19

Na-ion batteries are promising candidates to replace Li-ion batteries in large scale applications because of the advantages in natural abundance and cost of Na. Silicene has potential as the anode in Li-ion batteries but so far has not received attention with respect to Na-ion batteries. In this context, freestanding silicene, a graphene-silicene-graphene heterostructure, and a graphene-silicene superlattice are investigated for possible application in Na-ion batteries, using first-principles calculations. The calculated Na capacities of 954mAh/g for freestanding silicene and 730mAh/g for the graphenesilicene superlattice (10% biaxial tensile strain) are highly competitive and potentials of >0.3 V against the Na/Na potential exceed the corresponding value of graphite. In addition, the diffusion barriers are predicted to be <0.3 eV.

Hydrolysis of Rice Straw Pretreated by Na2SO3 Over Fe-resin/NaCl

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YANG Hui

2017-05-01

Full Text Available To increase the conversion of rice straw(RS and the yield of products, we employed three methods, which were ultrasonic wave, steam explosion and Na2SO3 pretreatment to pretreat RS(the treated RS noted as CS-RS, ZQ-RS and Na2SO3-RS, respectively and found that Na2SO3 treatment was the best pretreatment method based on XRD, SEM, elemental analysis and content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The conversion of Na2SO3-RS and the yield of total reducing sugar(TRS and levulinic acid(LA were 97.3%, 29.6% and 13.5%, respectively by 10% Fe-resin in 3.3% NaCl solution under 200 ℃.

Neosporosis bovina: conceptos generales, inmunidad y perspectivas para la vacunación Bovine neosporosis: general concepts, immunity and perspectives for vaccination

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D.P. Moore

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Neospora caninum es agente causal de aborto en bovinos de regiones ganaderas de todo el mundo. Su ciclo de vida es heteroxeno siendo el perro (Canis familiaris y el coyote (Canis latrans los hospedadores definitivos reconocidos hasta el presente. La infección transplacentaria es un eficiente mecanismo de transmisión de la enfermedad pero existe evidencia que demuestra la transmisión postnatal en los bovinos. Debido a las pérdidas económicas que causa la neosporosis, diversas técnicas diagnósticas han sido desarrolladas. La fisiopatología del aborto causado por N. caninum no ha sido completamente esclarecida. La modulación del sistema inmune por efecto de la preñez ocasiona un período de susceptibilidad al aborto por N. caninum. Aunque la resistencia al parásito ha sido asociada con una respuesta de linfocitos T tipo 1, dicha respuesta inmune es incompatible con una preñez exitosa. Sin embargo, los mecanismos inmunes presentes en animales crónicamente infectados protegen del aborto ante una segunda exposición al protozoo. La comprensión de esa respuesta inmune adquirida constituye un desafío para el desarrollo de inmunógenos. Este trabajo menciona conceptos generales de la neosporosis bovina haciendo énfasis en los mecanismos inmunes y las perspectivas para la vacunación.Neospora caninum causes abortions in cattle worldwide. The Neospora-cycle of life is heteroxenous. Dogs (Canis familiaris and coyotes (Canis latrans are the definitive hosts known at present. Although, transplacental infection is an efficiently mode of transmission in cattle; there are also experimental and field data that prove horizontal transmission. Several techniques are available for diagnosis since neosporosis is recognized as a disease that causes economic losses in cattle. The mechanisms that produce the abortion are not completely understood. The immunomodulation observed during the pregnancy, is associated with a susceptible period where Neospora

Na+/H+ and Na+/NH4+ exchange activities of zebrafish NHE3b expressed in Xenopus oocytes

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Ito, Yusuke; Kato, Akira; Hirata, Taku; Hirose, Shigehisa

2014-01-01