WorldWideScience

Sample records for analiticas nucleares segunda

  1. Meccanica analitica con elementi di meccanica statistica e dei continui

    CERN Document Server

    Fasano, Antonio

    2002-01-01

    Rivolta agli studenti del secondo anno di Fisica, Matematica, e Ingegneria, quest'opera presenta un panorama assai ampio e differenziato di argomenti classici di meccanica, con particolare enfasi sulla meccanica analitica, la teoria delle perturbazioni, la teoria cinetica, la meccanica statistica dell'equilibrio.

  2. Soluciones analiticas AL problema de jets con velocidad de eyeccion variable EN EL tiempo.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Canto, J.; Raga, A. C.; D'Alessio, P.

    1998-11-01

    Se presenta un nuevo metodo que permite resolver de manera exacta y analitica las ecuaciones que describen un jet hipersonico con velocidad de eyeccion variable en el tiempo. El metodo se basa en consideraciones sencillas de conservacion de momento para las superficies de trabajo que se forman en el interior del jet. Como ejemplo, se presentan soluciones para jets con variacion sinusoidal en la velocidad de eyeccion, y tambien para el caso de un incremento lineal en el tiempo. Estas soluciones analiticas tienen una clara aplicacion en la interpretacion de las observaciones de jets asociados a objetos Herbig-Haro.

  3. Teoria dell'elettromagnetismo fenomeni e leggi fondamentali : energia dei campi e delle distribuzioni di carica, applicazioni di meccanica analitica e statistica, teoria della relatività, emissione e propagazione di onde elettromagnetiche

    CERN Document Server

    Tenaglia, Livio

    1956-01-01

    Leggi fondamentali dell'elettromagnetismo ; le equazioni di Lagrange, di Hamilton e di Jacobi, il principio di Fermat ; applicazioni di meccanica analitica all'elettromagnetismo ; teoria statica dell'irraggiamento ; fondamenti di teoria della relatività ; propagazione delle onde elettromagnetiche proprietà elementari dei conduttori ; emissione di onde elettromagnetiche ; richiami analitici ; unità di misura per le grandezze del campo elettromagnetico.

  4. Segunda ronda electoral

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gustavo Román Jacobo

    2009-07-01

    Full Text Available El instituto del Ballotage nace en Francia en 1852, pero no es hasta el año de 1958 donde reaparece de forma definitiva, bajo un régimen de gobierno semi presidencialista; surge en el derecho electoral costarricense mediante una enmienda en 1926, a la Constitución Política de 1871, evocado en forma desnaturalizada para ajustarse a un sistema de corte esencialmente presidencialista, con matices de parlamentarismo. Es en la Constituyente de 1949 donde se dibujan con mayor claridad los rasgos de lo que actualmente conocemos como segunda elección popular, al perfilarse con características propias del derecho Constitucional Costarricense. A pesar de su veterana presencia en la vida constitucional del país, no es hasta el 2002 donde dicho instituto protagoniza en la realidad nacional, cuando se cumplen los supuestos del artículo 138 de nuestra Carta Magna, para que se lleve acabo una segunda elección o Ballotage. Fue así como el primer domingo de abril de ese año, en medio de mucha expectativa, este instituto desfiló en la práctica democrática del país.

  5. Geochemical model of a geothermal system: an approach on the analytical uncertainty; Modelo geoquimico de sistema geotermico: un enfoque sobre la incertidumbre analitica

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Pal Verma, Mahendra [Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas, Cuernavaca, Morelos (Mexico)

    2008-07-01

    A procedure was developed to consider the analytical uncertainty in each parameter of geochemical analysis of geothermal fluid. The estimation of the uncertainty is based on the results of the geochemical analyses of geothermal fluids (numbered from the 0 to the 14), obtained within the framework of the comparisons program among the geochemical laboratories in the last 30 years. Also the propagation of the analytical uncertainty was realized in the calculation of the parameters of the geothermal fluid in the reservoir, through the methods of interval of uncertainty and GUM (Guide to the expression of Uncertainty of Measurement). The application of the methods is illustrated in the pH calculation of the geothermal fluid in the reservoir, considering samples 10 and 11 as separated waters at atmospheric conditions. [Spanish] Se desarrollo un procedimiento para estimar la incertidumbre analitica en cada parametro de analisis geoquimico de fluido geotermico. La estimacion de la incertidumbre esta basada en los resultados de los analisis geoquimicos de fluidos geotermicos (numerados del 0 al 14), obtenidos en el marco del programa de comparaciones entre los laboratorios geoquimicos en los ultimos 30 anos. Tambien se realizo la propagacion de la incertidumbre analitica en el calculo de los parametros del fluido geotermico en el yacimiento, a traves de los metodos de intervalo de incertidumbre y GUM (Guide to the expression of Uncertainty of Measurement). La aplicacion de los metodos se ilustra en el calculo de pH del fluido geotermico en el yacimiento, considerando las muestras 10 y 11 como aguas separadas a las condiciones atmosfericas.

  6. Plutarco e a Segunda Sofística

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Aparecida de Oliveira Silva

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available É recorrente a definição de que o fenômeno cultural conhecido como a Segunda Sofística, do qual Plutarco faria parte, teria como principal característica literária o uso da arte retórica, preocupada apenas em exaltar a grandiosidade do império romano. A nosso ver, a Segunda Sofística foi antes um movimento literário voltado para o estilo e a forma dos escritos, e não um movimento ideológico. Para analisar a narrativa plutarquiana empregamos a teoria foucaultiana sobre a resistência cultural, a ?m de demonstrar o uso de um importante instrumento de transmissão de idéias contrárias à política romana: a escrita.

  7. Gestión del riesgo del cambio (segunda parte)

    OpenAIRE

    Zorrilla Salgador, Juan Pablo

    2004-01-01

    Segunda parte del artículo acerca del uso de futuros sobre el tipo de cambio. Esta continuación abarca estrategias, definiciones, metodología y explicaciones sobre todo lo relacionado con el Ratio de cobertura de los futuros y la aparición del riesgo base.Segunda parte del artículo acerca del uso de futuros sobre el tipo de cambio. Esta continuación abarca estrategias, definiciones, metodología y explicaciones sobre todo lo relacionado con el Ratio de cobertura de los futuros y la aparición d...

  8. Anarquismo y Segunda República

    OpenAIRE

    Arévalo Garrido, Asier

    2015-01-01

    Evolución y análisis del movimiento anarquista en la sociedad española desde sus primeras apariciones en las primeras décadas del siglo XX, y su posicionamiento inicial en el momento de la proclamación de la Segunda Republica, al final de este periodo y al inicio de la guerra civil española (1936-1939) Grado en Relaciones Laborales y Recursos Humanos

  9. La langue de la Segunda partida

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mónica CASTILLO LLUCH

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available La traduction française de la Segunda partida d’Alphonse X à laquelle nous participons dans le cadre du SIREM nous a amenées à un questionnement linguistique pour et par la traduction. Cet article recueille quelques-unes de ces réflexions. L’étude des conjonctions maguer et comoquier que, dans l’optique de leur traduction en français, nous conduit à nous interroger sur la valeur de ces deux conjonctions et de l’alternance modale dans les phrases concessives qu’elles introduisent. Nous proposons une typologie des phrases concessives, et notamment la distinction entre concessives d’énoncé et concessives d’énonciation pour rendre compte de leurs différences dans le texte de la Segunda partida. Dans la partie « traduire pour comprendre » nous étudions un phénomène difficilement appréciable depuis une perspective monolingue : la puissance anaphorique du pronom personnel objet de 3e personne supérieure en castillan médiéval, comparable à celle d’un démonstratif – phénomène et qui est en accord avec la description théorique qui a été faite de l’histoire du pronom atone comme un processus de grammaticalisation.La versión al francés de la Segunda partida de Alfonso X en la que participamos en el marco del SIREM nos ha conducido a un cuestionamiento lingüístico para y por la traducción. Este artículo recoge algunas de estas reflexiones. La necesidad de traducir al francés las conjunciones maguer y comoquier que nos ha llevado a interesarnos por el valor de estas dos conjunciones y de la alternancia modal en las oraciones concesivas que ambas introducen. Proponemos aquí una tipología de las oraciones concesivas y en particular, la distinción entre concesivas de enunciado y concesivas de enunciación para dar cuenta de sus diferencias en el texto de la Segunda partida. En la parte « traducir para comprender », estudiamos un fenómeno difícilmente apreciable desde una perspectiva monoling

  10. Second Mexican School of Nuclear Physics: Notes; Segunda Escuela Mexicana de Fisica Nuclear: Notas

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Aguilera, E F [Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, A.P. 18-1027, 11801 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Chavez L, E R [Instituto de Fisica, UNAM, 04510 Mexico D.F. (Mexico); Hess, P O [Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, 04510 Mexico D.F. (Mexico)

    2001-07-01

    The II Mexican School of Nuclear Physics which is directed to those last semesters students of the Physics career or post-graduate was organized by the Nuclear Physics Division of the Mexican Physics Society, carrying out at April 16-27, 2001 in the installations of the Institute of Physics and the Institute of Nuclear Sciences, both in the UNAM, and the National Institute of Nuclear Research (ININ). A first school of a similar level in Nuclear Physics, was carried out in Mexico at 1977 as Latin american School of Physics. This book treats about the following themes: Interactions of radiation with matter, Evaluation of uncertainty in experimental data, Particle accelerators, Notions of radiological protection and dosimetry, Cosmic rays, Basis radiation (environmental), Measurement of excitation functions with thick targets and inverse kinematics, Gamma ray technique for to measure the nuclear fusion, Neutron detection with Bonner spectrometer, Energy losses of alpha particles in nickel. It was held the practice Radiation detectors. (Author)

  11. GROSOR DEL FRUTO DE LA ÚLTIMA Y SEGUNDA MANO COMO CRITERIO DE COSECHA EN BANANO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alfonso Vargas-Calvo

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Grosor del fruto de la última y segunda mano como criterio de cosecha en banano. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la relación entre el grosor del fruto central de las manos última y segunda, como criterio de cosecha en el banano. Las mediciones se efectuaron semanalmente (mm de la segunda a la décima semana después de la fl oración y fueron transformadas a treintaidosavos de pulgada (tdp donde 1 tdp= 0,7914 mm, para la generación de ecuaciones de regresión para ambas manos, considerando, o ignorando, el tamaño del racimo. El grosor del fruto central de la última mano fue estimado a partir del grosor del fruto central de la segunda mano, y viceversa para el grosor del fruto de la segunda mano. Los valores de grosor del fruto central de la última mano (valores Y obtenidos aplicando los grosores mínimos preestablecidos de cosecha para el fruto central de la segunda mano (valores x: 43; 44 y 45 tdp fueron superiores a 40 tdp, independientemente del tamaño del racimo, e inclusive superó en la mayoría de las veces, a 41 tdp. Inversamente, aplicando los valores mínimos de grosor de la última mano, predefi nidos para la cosecha (valores x: 39; 40 y 41 tdp, se obtuvieron valores de grosor del fruto central de la segunda mano (valores Y, que no superaron el valor de 43 tdp excepto para x=41 en los racimos de siete a nueve manos. Los racimos cosechados con la exigencia mínima de empaque aplicada para la última mano, tuvieron menos peso, por estar conformados de frutos con menor grosor, que aquellos que se cosecharían mediante la medición en la segunda mano.

  12. Signos Vitales de los CDC-El humo de segunda mano (Secondhand Smoke)

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    2015-02-03

    Este podcast se basa en la edición de febrero del 2015 del informe de Signos Vitales de los CDC. El humo de segunda mano mata a más de 400 bebés y 41 000 adultos no fumadores al año. Sepa qué se puede hacer para prevenir la exposición al humo de segunda mano.  Created: 2/3/2015 by National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP).   Date Released: 2/3/2015.

  13. La pragmática y la enseñanza del español como segunda lengua

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge Murillo Medrano

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Interesa en este trabajo destacar las interrelaciones entre ciertos conceptos de pragmática lingüística y el desarrollo de la enseñanza del español como segunda lengua. Se parte de algunas nociones generales de pragmática, como la de actos de habla y la noción de imagen social (face para dar cuenta de la importancia que reviste integrar estos aspectos en un currículo de español como segunda lengua. La exposición se divide en tres partes: la primera refiere conceptos generales de pragmalingüística; en la segunda, se reseñan los principales aportes, hasta ahora estudiados, entre esta disciplina y los estudios sobre enseñanza y adquisición de segundas lenguas para, en la tercera, presentar un caso específico sobre el español como L2

  14. Resenha de: Os arquivos da segunda guerra mundial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Odilon Nogueira de Matos

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available BERNARD (Henri, CHEVALLAZ (André, GHEYSENS (Roger e DE LAU-NAY (Jacques . — Os arquivos da segunda guerra mundial. [Les dos-siers de la seconde guerre mondiale] . Tradução de Vasco Pulido Valente. São Paulo, Difusão Européia do Livro. 1969. 262 páginas. (Enciclopé-dia de Bolso Difel .

  15. (segunda parte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José María Oliva-Martínez

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo es la continuación de otro anterior (Oliva, 2004, ambos dedicados al estudio de la importancia del pensamiento analógico en la construcción histórica de la noción de fuerza gravitatoria y del modelo de Sistema Solar. En aquella ocasión analizamos dicho papel durante el período comprendido desde las antiguas civilizaciones hasta llegar a la revolución copernicana con científicos como Copérnico, Gilbert, Kepler o el propio Galileo. En esta segunda parte, se continúa con algunos de los razonamientos analógicos proporcionados desde la vertiente mecanicista, capitaneada por Descartes y desde la tradición subsiguiente que se desarrolló en línea con la utilización del método de la analogía como criterio argumentativo (Huyghens, Hooke, Bernoulli, etc.. Dedicamos asimismo un capítulo aparte a la figura de Newton, quien continúa con dicha tradición en su intento de explicar la naturaleza de la gravitación. Finalmente se procede, a modo de síntesis, a realizar una clasificación de distintos tipos de razonamientos analógicos aportados en el desarrollo histórico en torno a estos temas, estudiando el papel científico y divulgativo de cada uno

  16. Segunda constante de ionização do ácido fosfórico

    OpenAIRE

    Pessoa, Carla Maria Simões de Jesus

    2009-01-01

    Neste trabalho estudou-se a variação da segunda constante de ionização do ácido fosfórico com a força iónica num meio de cloreto de potássio. Numa primeira fase (fase experimental) efectuaram-se titulações de dihidrogenofosfato de potássio com hidróxido de potássio e hidrogenofosfato de potássio com ácido clorídrico com diferentes forças iónicas entre 0,1 e 3,0 M, à temperatura de 25 ºC. Numa segunda fase efectuou-se o tratamento de dados com o programa SUPERQUAD. Este trata...

  17. Operação Liberdade Duradoura: A Segunda Fase?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristina Soreanu Pecequilo

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available O presente artigo tem como tema as recentes afirmações por parte dos EUA e seus aliados com relação à instauração da segunda fase da Operação Liberdade Duradoura e dos impactos que essa terá para a atual política de combate ao terrorismo e de para a ocupação do Afeganistão.

  18. NIVERSALES LINGÜÍSTICOS EN ADQUISICIÓN DE SEGUNDAS LENGUAS

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    Joan LLINÀS SUAU

    2018-04-01

    Full Text Available Las líneas que siguen proponen un recorrido que parte del sistema fonológico de una lengua, de dos o de más para llegar al establecimiento de principios universales que gobiernan no solamente la lengua materna sino también la producción de segmentos en segundas lenguas.

  19. Estudio comparativo de aisladores sísmicos FPS de primera y segunda generación.

    OpenAIRE

    Vergara Navarrete, Cynthia Fernanda

    2014-01-01

    Se presenta el marco teórico sobre el diseño de los aisladores FPS (Frictional Pendulum System) de la Primera y Segunda Generación; de acuerdo a los últimos avances realizados por la Universidad de Buffalo. Concretamente por Constantinou et al (2011). Se realiza, el análisis sísmico de tres estructuras de hormigón armado de tres, cinco y ocho pisos, de forma convencional y con aisladores sísmicos FPS de Primera y Segunda generación, dando como resultado que las edificaciones con aisladores sí...

  20. Ampliando la protección a segundas indicaciones en Europa: swiss-type claim y european-type claim

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Augusto Conde-Gutiérrez

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available La Oficina de Patentes Europea (EPO protege las segundas indicaciones o usos sobre composiciones o sustancias ya existentes en el estado de la técnica con el ánimo de incentivar a la industria farmacéutica en Europa. Este artículo explora los aspectos legales y técnicos mediante los cuales la EPO ha otorgado patentes no solo a segundas indicaciones, sino también a terceras o sucesivas indicaciones. En particular, se analiza el alcance del Swiss-type Claim y el European-type Claim. De igual manera, se realiza un análisis comparativo entre el Convenio sobre Patentes Europeo y decisiones de la EPO, y la Decisión 486 de 2000 de la Comunidad Andina (Régimen Común sobre Propiedad Industrial sobre segundas indicaciones.

  1. 2. Scientific meeting of Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission. Abstracts; Segundas jornadas cientificas de la Comision Chilena de Energia Nuclear. Resumenes

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2000-10-01

    This publication includes 33 papers in the fields on analytical methods nuclear and conventional, atomic and molecular physics, ionizing radiations, nuclear and non nuclear materials, radiological protection and nuclear safety.

  2. Descontinuidades do audiovisual na segunda geração de conteúdos jornalísticos para tablets

    OpenAIRE

    Canavilhas, João Manuel Messias; Teixeira, Juliana Fernandes

    2015-01-01

    O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os conteúdos audiovisuais na segunda geração de produtos jornalísticos exclusivos para tablets. Com essa finalidade, neste trabalho utilizamos o estudo de caso enquanto principal estratégia metodológica. A amostra é composta por produtos autóctones da segunda geração, entre os quais incluímos o La Presse +, o Mail plus e El Mundo de la Tarde. O artigo começa por discutir uma das mais importantes potencialidades dos meios online: a multimediali...

  3. TAREAS 2.0 PARA EL APRENDIZAJE Y EVALUACIÓN DE SEGUNDAS LENGUAS EN ENTORNOS VIRTUALES DE APRENDIZAJE.

    OpenAIRE

    Esteban Vázquez Cano

    2014-01-01

    Este artículo presenta una investigación contextualizada en el Máster universitario en Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en la Enseñanza y Tratamiento de Lenguas de la UNED en el que se analiza la didáctica y la evaluación de segundas lenguas en entornos virtuales de aprendizaje. El objetivo fundamental es proporcionar claves esenciales ante el reto de desarrollar una didáctica y evaluación de las segundas lenguas con nuevas tareas y herramientas más dinámicas y colaborativas qu...

  4. Discriminação fonêmica na aquisição de segunda lingua em adulto - estudo de caso

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    Beatriz dos Santos Carvalho

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo é investigar a discriminação fonêmica para a segunda língua de um adulto falante de espanhol como língua materna e em aquisição do português brasileiro como segunda língua, a partir da percepção do próprio falante. Foi desenvolvido a partir de um estudo de caso, por meio da análise de conteúdo de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Após a transcrição ortográfica da entrevista, foi realizada leitura exaustiva e flutuante dos dados, buscando analisar o que se repetia no discurso do paciente. Evidenciaram-se alguns determinantes que apontaram para categorias discursivas de análise. Foram criadas cinco categorias e selecionadas 11 sequências discursivas para discussão. A partir destas sequências discursivas, evidenciou-se o importante papel da discriminação fonêmica no aprendizado da segunda língua, bem como a dificuldade em desenvolvê-la quando se trata de uma segunda língua em idade tardia, pois ela torna-se restrita, não natural. A discriminação fonêmica parece ser facilitada por algumas características do interlocutor, que tornam os traços acústicos mais salientes. Além disto, a alteração nesta habilidade pode gerar circunstâncias complexas na interação entre os pares. Quando há melhora na discriminação fonêmica, há melhora na produção e na compreensão da fala, evoluindo o domínio da língua e consequentemente a interação social. Os resultados permitiram observar que o melhor desenvolvimento da segunda língua parece acontecer quando a exposição a esta ocorre nos anos iniciais, pois ainda há grande plasticidade das habilidades auditivas e a discriminação fonêmica não está restrita sendo um indicativo de que o ensino formal da segunda língua e as habilidades de percepção deveriam ser estimuladas nesta fase.

  5. La competencia intercultural y el aprendizaje del castellano como segunda lengua

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    Sánchez Trujillo, María de los Ángeles

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available En el presente artículo de investigación, se brindan los resultados de un trabajo de investigación descriptivo realizado con diecisiete escolares extranjeros no hispanohablantes que residen en Lima por un tiempo mayor o equivalente a un año. El objetivo fue identificar sus habilidades interculturales y relacionarlas con su competencia comunicativa en la expresión y comprensión de enunciados en castellano. Además, se buscó identificar si tales destrezas eran trabajadas en la escuela, específicamente, en su curso de Español. A partir de los resultados, se evidenció la poca o nula importancia que se le concede a la competencia intercultural como parte integral de las clases de Español como segunda lengua, lo que se pudo constatar no solo en el desarrollo de las sesiones, sino en el material de clase utilizado. Tal situación provocó la poca disposición de los alumnos a aprender el idioma fuera del entorno escolar. Por tanto, se evidenció la asociación existente entre el desarrollo de habilidades interculturales, y el éxito o fracaso del aprendizaje de una segunda lengua.

  6. España y Portugal durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial

    OpenAIRE

    Sacristán Lucas, Esther; Gómez de las Heras Hernández, María Soledad

    1989-01-01

    Cuando las relaciones internacionales entran en franco deterioro en el escenario europeo, el entendimiento político entre España y Portugal presentaba a la Península Ibérica como un bloque relativamente unido ante la conflagración mundial. La política exterior de estos dos Estados durante la segunda guerra mundial se enmarca dentro de unas coordenadas, que son tenidas en cuenta por los diplomáticos de ambas naciones, de los beligerantes y neutrales: la coincidencia del talante político e ideo...

  7. Aquisição do artigo definido em português como segunda língua por aprendizes coreanos

    OpenAIRE

    Han Chul Kim

    2005-01-01

    Os aprendizes de português como segunda língua ou língua estrangeira mostram dificuldades no processo de aquisição por vários motivos. Para coreanos, o sistema de artigos, entre outros fatores gramaticais, é um dos fatores que causam dificuldade porque não há artigos na língua coreana. O presente estudo tem como objetivos principais investigar o processo de aquisição do artigo definido em português como segunda língua por aprendizes coreanos e comparar a realização do artigo definido por bras...

  8. Los hogares latinoamericanos durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX: una perspectiva sociodemográfica

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    Brígida García

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los cambios sociodemográficos más significativos ocurridos en los hogares latinoamericanos durante la segunda mitad del siglo xx. Para ello se tienen en cuenta dos aspectos fundamentales: la posible convergencia hacia las familias pequeñas y nucleares; y la naturaleza e incremento de los hogares con jefatura femenina. Se intenta no sólo sintetizar el conocimiento existente sobre dichos temas, sino también dar cuenta de las conexiones entre los cambios sociodemográficos de los hogares y la desigualdad social y de género persistente en América Latina. Algunas de las principales conclusiones son: a A pesar de la existencia de un claro proceso de nuclearización en los hogares latinoamericanos, la importancia de los arreglos familiares de tipo extendido continúa siendo distintiva del sistema familiar en la región, especialmente entre la población de escasos recursos; y b los hogares encabezados por mujeres muestran un claro incremento, y posiblemente éste se aprecie en diversos sectores de nuestras sociedades.

  9. La autoestima y su influencia negativa en los estadios finales de la adquisición de segundas lenguas: propuesta de investigación

    OpenAIRE

    Sherwood, Derick Joseph

    2016-01-01

    En este trabajo estudiamos hasta qué punto la autoestima de los alumnos puede influir en el aprendizaje de una segunda lengua. El trabajo está centrado en el estudio de la autoestima, concretamente la de alumnos avanzados, así como en el efecto de ela autoestima durante los estadios finales de la adquisición de segundas lenguas

  10. La Segunda Reforma de Salud. Aseguramiento y compra-venta de servicios

    OpenAIRE

    Asa Cristina Laurell; Joel Herrera Ronquillo

    2010-01-01

    El aseguramiento en salud es la propuesta de varios gobiernos latinoamericanos para lograr la cobertura universal en salud. Surge a raíz de la Segunda Reforma Social. Para conocer los resultados de los seguros de salud se analizan Chile, Colombia y México que tienen distintas formas y diversos tiempos de implantación. Se examinan los mismos aspectos para conocer si los seguros han cumplido sus objetivos. Los seguros no han alcanzado cobertura universal poblacional y la cobertura médica está l...

  11. Propuesta didáctica para la enseñanza de español como segunda lengua a inmigrantes haitianos en Chile

    OpenAIRE

    Toledo Vega, Gloria

    2016-01-01

    Este artículo ofrece una propuesta didáctica para un curso de español como segunda lengua (ESL) ajustado al contexto chileno de inmigración y a la realidad de la enseñanza de ESL a inmigrantes haitianos en Chile. Por una parte, nuestra propuesta se basa en la perspectiva sociosemiótica de enseñanza de lenguas (Martin y Rose 2005) y en las fases para la integración social en cursos de segundas lenguas (Moreno Fernández 2009). Por otro lado, consideramos las necesidades de ...

  12. Expansión de los suelos arcillosos parcialmente saturados. Segunda parte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lisandro Berltrán Moreno

    1995-07-01

    Full Text Available En la segunda parte del artículo se hará una breve descripción de los factores que influyen sobre la expansividad de los suelos arcillosos, y se indicaran las soluciones más adecuadas para evitar los problemas causados por la expansión de los suelos arcillosos, cuando sobre ellos se construyen estructuras livianas. EI artículo fue presentado en el Primer Encuentro Nacional de Ingenieros de Suelos y de Estructuras, evento que se realizó en Santafé de Bogotá entre el4 y el 6 de Septiembre de 1991.

  13. Avaliação de um sistema de segunda opinião em radiologia Evaluation of a second opinion system in radiology

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    Ricardo Alfredo Quintano Neira

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: A segunda opinião médica pode auxiliar no processo de investigação do problema de saúde de um paciente e na definição da conduta terapêutica. Este trabalho tem por objetivo demonstrar um processo de segunda opinião médica por meio de um sistema web multiespecialidades adaptado para a radiologia. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: O sistema foi utilizado por 49 médicos residentes da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, os quais responderam a 52 solicitações de segunda opinião. Como instrumentos de avaliação foram utilizados questionários. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliadas 1.704 respostas de segunda opinião. Deste total, 514 (29,1% foram definidas como satisfatórias. Em 64,4% as respostas dos questionários indicaram que a qualidade das imagens não comprometeu o diagnóstico. O tempo médio para emitir a segunda opinião remota foi de 6 minutos e 26 segundos. CONCLUSÃO: O processo de segunda opinião médica realizado por intermédio de um sistema web multiespecialidades ajustado para a radiologia pode ser uma excelente ferramenta para o manejo das condutas médicas.OBJECTIVE: A second medical opinion can aid in the investigation of a health problem as well as in the definition of the therapeutic approach. The present study is aimed at demonstrating a process of second medical opinion by means of a web-based multispecialty system adapted for radiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The system was utilized by 49 residents at Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil, who gave their medical opinion on 52 second opinion requests. Questionnaires were utilized as an evaluation tool. RESULTS: A total of 1704 medical second opinions were evaluated and 514 (29.1% of them were defined as satisfactory. In 64.4% of cases, the answers of the questionnaires indicated that the images quality did not affect the diagnosis. On average, 6 minutes and 26 seconds was the time required to issue a remote second medical opinion. CONCLUSION: A process of second

  14. Consenso o contradicción de las reformas de segunda generación en el ámbito educativo: caso proyecto a ganar

    OpenAIRE

    Lozada Lara, Paola Verónica

    2007-01-01

    El presente trabajo está dirigido a determinar cómo operan las reformas de segunda generación en el ámbito educativo, así como los consensos y contradicciones encontrados en su implementación. El primer capítulo está dedicado a describir la segunda generación de reformas desde una visión retrospectiva, iniciando con la adopción del Consenso de Washington, su crítica por la exclusión de los temas sociales y del rol estatal en el modelo económico; hasta culminar con la visión neo...

  15. As consequência das segundas residências no mercado de hospedagem em Tibau do Sul-RN

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    Maria Rita Oliveira Nunes

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available O fenômeno das segundas residências é de abrangência mundial. No desenvolvimento de produtos como o turismo de sol e mar, as segundas habitações apresentam-se como uma forma de alojamento e investimento turístico. Compreender as repercussões desse fenômeno nas destinações e suas consequências é imperativo na gestão da atividade. O objetivo desse artigo é de verificar as características desse fenômeno e analisar em que medida as residências secundárias interferem na destinação de Tibau do Sul – RN, Brasil. O aumento do número de residências secundárias nessa destinação turística foi nocivo frente ao excesso de oferta de alojamentos a ocasionar uma competitividade desleal com a hotelaria, acrescido a isso a crise financeira mundial afetou o desenvolvimento dessa localidade e comprometeu a permanência competitiva desse destino no mercado turístico.

  16. México en la segunda Guerra Mundial visto por la Diplomacia venezolana

    OpenAIRE

    Silva L, Dómel

    2013-01-01

    Partiendo del análisis de una serie de documentos concernientes a las comunicaciones entre la llamada “Legación de Venezuela” en México y la Cancillería de Venezuela durante los años de la Segunda Guerra Mundial (1939-1945), se esbozará las estrategias en común para ambas naciones; como fue la política de seguridad de cada Estado, enmarcada dentro de la política de seguridad continental. México por su importancia geoestratégica; por el petróleo, por su cercanía con los Estados Unidos y por la...

  17. Programa curricular de la segunda especialidad en formación magisterial

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    Elsa Tueros Way

    1993-06-01

    Full Text Available Este documento presenta las demandas para la formación de docentes objetivos de la Segunda Especialidad, se definen los perfiles real e ideal del docente de ISPs y se señalan los requisitos de los usuarios de este programa. Estos elementos sirven para sustentar la Estructura Curricular: Areas de estudio (Investigación Educativa,Teoría y Realidad Educativa, Diseño y Evaluación del Curriculum,y Desarrollo Comunal y Regional, el Plan de estudios y la descripciónde los cursos. Asimismo, se señala la estrategia que se empleará para el desarrollo curricular incluída la evaluación.

  18. Estilos de aprendizaje y preferencias en la evaluación de segundas lenguas

    OpenAIRE

    El Jebari Belghazi, Aouatif

    2016-01-01

    En este trabajo tratamos la relación entre estilos de aprendizaje y métodos de evaluación. Los objetivos son, primero conocer, mediante entrevistas, algunos de los métodos de evaluación más empleados entre los profesores de enseñanza de segundas lenguas de la universidad de Turku, Finlandia. En segundo lugar, identificar los estilos de aprendizaje predominantes entre los estudiantes de español de esta universidad. En tercer lugar, elaborar un instrumento para analizar las preferencias en la e...

  19. La Segunda República, una coyuntura para las mujeres españolas: Cambios y permanencias en las relaciones de género.

    OpenAIRE

    Merino Hernández, Rosa María

    2016-01-01

    [ES] En España, no será hasta el período de la Segunda República (1931-1939), cuando las mujeres conseguirán el reconocimiento de ciudadanas de pleno derecho en igualdad con los hombres, respaldadas por la Constitución de 1931. La Segunda República española da voz y derechos a más de la otra mitad de la población del país, por lo que la convierte en una época única, en una etapa nueva donde convivirán el cambio y la permanencia, el avance hacia una nueva sociedad y, dentro de ésta, la emer...

  20. Facilitando a compreensão da segunda lei da termodinâmica

    OpenAIRE

    Oliveira,P.M.C. de; Dechoum,K.

    2003-01-01

    A idéia central desse artigo é chamar a atenção para o uso do diagrama T x s na descrição das máquinas térmicas reversíveis. Este diagrama mostra-se extremamente adequado e eficaz no ensino da segunda lei da tertermodinâmica dos processos reversíveis, no entanto uma escolha mostra-se mais apropriada que a outra quando se pretende salientar a universalidade dessa lei e não restringir a análise a uma substância de operação específica com é gás ideal.

  1. El soldado/poeta, el miedo, la derrota: una lectura de Segunda Derrota: 1940, de Los Girasoles Ciegos

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    Magnólia Brasil Barbosa do Nascimento

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available Se propone en este artículo una reflexión sobre los duros años de la inmediata posguerra civil española, privilegiando la “Segunda Derrota: 1940 o Manuscrito encontrado en el olvido”, uno de los cuentos de Los girasoles ciegos (2004, de Alberto Méndez (1941-2004, quien escribe para grabar la memoria del miedo vigente en aquel momento histórico. Por la importancia de la apropiación del pasado (Benjamin, se optó por acompañar las vicisitudes de un joven soldado/poeta que busca escapar hacia Francia con la novia embarazada y es sorprendido por la muerte de la joven durante el parto. En la obra, es fuerte el poder de la palabra (Agamben, 2008. El escritor tematiza la crueldad que interrumpió, de manera violenta, muchas vidas. En “Segunda Derrota”, se evidencia la importancia de la manutención de la memoria para que esas infames sombras no se pierdan en los silencios, y luego no caigan en el olvido.

  2. España y Portugal durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial

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    Esther Sacristán Lucas

    1989-01-01

    Full Text Available Cuando las relaciones internacionales entran en franco deterioro en el escenario europeo, el entendimiento político entre España y Portugal presentaba a la Península Ibérica como un bloque relativamente unido ante la conflagración mundial. La política exterior de estos dos Estados durante la segunda guerra mundial se enmarca dentro de unas coordenadas, que son tenidas en cuenta por los diplomáticos de ambas naciones, de los beligerantes y neutrales: la coincidencia del talante político e ideológico de los regímenes de Salazar y Franco se sumaba a la importancia estratégica de la Península, que obligaba a un entendimiento entre ambos Estados, siempre amenazados por el peligro de un ataque proveniente del exterior.

  3. Segunda neoplasia en cáncer de cabeza y cuello. Incidencia y factores de riesgo

    OpenAIRE

    Venegas Pizarro, M. del Prado

    2004-01-01

    Consultable des del TDX Títol obtingut de la portada digitalitzada El objetivo de esta tesis es el de evaluar la hipótesis de que la persistencia de los hábitos tóxicos en los pacientes que han sido diagnosticados y tratados de un carcinoma de cabeza y cuello influye de forma significativa en la posibilidad de aparición de una segunda neoplasia a nivel de las vías aerodigestivas.

  4. NIVELES DE CONOCIMIENTOS LINGÜÍSTICOS EN LA SEGUNDA LENGUA (L2 EN ESTUDIANTES DE MAGISTERIO EIB EN BILWI

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    Cándida Rugama Pérez

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available Esta investigación sobre los niveles de conocimientos lingüísticos es de carácter cualitativo. El propósito es contribuir al ejoramiento de las estrategias metodológicas utilizadas para atender los niveles de conocimientos lingüísticos en el español como segunda lengua que posee la comunidad estudiantil del primer año de magisterio de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe –EIB-, en la escuela Normal “Gran Ducado de Luxemburgo” segundo semestre del año escolar 2006.Para este propósito se analizaron algunos elementos metodológicos que contribuyen al desarrollo de los diferentes niveles de conocimientos lingüísticos en el español como segunda lengua; luego, posteriormente se comparten algunas recomendaciones metodológicas que ayudarían al desarrollo de competencias de acuerdo a los niveles de conocimientos lingüísticos que poseen las y los estudiantes.En esta investigación se identifi ca un nivel al que se le denomina semi-principiante, y está por debajo de los requisitos del último nivel de conocimientos lingüísticos que plantean algunos lingüistas.Se recomienda adecuar los programas del español como segunda lengua para que responda a los intereses y necesidades de estudiantes de habla miskitu, utilizando diferentes estrategias y técnicas didácticas que faciliten una atención diferenciada según los niveles de conocimientos lingüísticos.

  5. Facilitando a compreensão da segunda lei da termodinâmica

    OpenAIRE

    Oliveira, P.M.C. de; Dechoum, K.

    2003-01-01

    A idéia central desse artigo é chamar a atenção para o uso do diagrama T x s na descrição das máquinas térmicas reversíveis. Este diagrama mostra-se extremamente adequado e eficaz no ensino da segunda lei da tertermodinâmica dos processos reversíveis, no entanto uma escolha mostra-se mais apropriada que a outra quando se pretende salientar a universalidade dessa lei e não restringir a análise a uma substância de operação específica com é gás ideal. The central idea of this article is to ca...

  6. O teatro da Graça na segunda metade do século XVIII

    OpenAIRE

    Gomes, Francisco Luís Rosa Ferreira

    2012-01-01

    Tese de mestrado, Estudos de Teatro, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2012 Teatro de história breve, o Teatro da Graça, sobre o qual escasseia informação, é o objecto de estudo deste trabalho, que visa reconstruir, na medida do possível, aspectos relacionados com a sua existência no decurso da segunda metade do século XVIII. Procurámos, ao longo do trabalho realizado, clarificar detalhes e pormenores relativos a esta casa de teatro. A saber, características relativa...

  7. PROBLEMAS DE PRIMERA Y SEGUNDA GENERACIÓN EN LA DEMOCRACIA REGIONAL EN MÉXICO

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    Alberto Aziz Nassif

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Durante muchos años se pensó que todo el autoritarismo mexicano estaba protegido por un sistema electoral que distorsionaba la voluntad ciudadana y la posibilidad de que hubiera alternancia en el poder. Después de que el sistema electoral generó la competencia y la alternancia en el poder, existió la tentación de pensar que la construcción democrática se llevaría a cabo de forma casi automática. Sin embargo, ahora se puede afirmar que la democracia mexicana tiene problemas importantes que van más lejos que los que rondaban el espacio de los votos y la representación. El trabajo plantea una hipótesis para reflexionar sobre lo que hemos llamado problemas de primera y segunda generación en la democracia mexicana. Los primeros responden a la interrogante: ¿cómo lograr elecciones competidas, asegurar la posibilidad de la alternancia y el pluralismo? Sus problemas son: reglas equitativas, transparencia, y posibilidad de alternancia. La segunda generación de problemas tiene como objetivo central investigar cómo se logran buenos gobiernos o por qué razones no se dan. Se trata de saber cuáles son los márgenes para desterrar los modos autoritarios de gobernar, los abusos de poder, las decisiones arbitrarias, el manejo patrimonial de los recursos públicos y la sistemática corrupción que ha impregnado el espacio público durante décadas. Se toman dos ejemplos regionales, Chihuahua y Jalisco.

  8. El comercio agroalimentario español en la segunda globalización, 1951-2011

    OpenAIRE

    Ernesto Clar; Vicente Pinilla; Raúl Serrano

    2014-01-01

    Este trabajo analiza la evolución del comercio agroalimentario español en el período en el que han tenido lugar las más hondas transformaciones de la economía española, la segunda mitad del siglo XX y la primera década del XXI. El artículo estudia la evolución de las exportaciones e importaciones agroalimentarias españolas desde 1951 y hasta 2011, junto al saldo de la balanza comercial correspondiente. Asimismo, sigue con detalle los cambios en la composición de las compras y ventas exteriore...

  9. The CSN hosts the Second International Conference on Nuclear Security in Madrid; El CSN acoge en Madrid la Segunda Conferencia Internacional de Seguridad Fisica Nuclear

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Scialdone Garcia, A.

    2016-08-01

    The second International Conference on Nuclear Security was held in Madrid between May 9th and 13th last. The acting Minister of the Interior announced that the number of officers of the Guardia Civil watching over the Spanish nuclear power plants will be doubled. (Author)

  10. Lecturas y sistemas educativos. Los modelos literarios escolares de la segunda mitad del siglo XX

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    Fernando E. GÓMEZ MARTÍN

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: La orientación de los manuales de Lengua y Literatura ha variado notablemente en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Las lecturas ideológicas han dado paso a nuevos cometidos, como la formación estética del alumno y su creatividad. ABSTRACT: In the second part of the 20th century the course of the Spanish language and literature has changed. The ideological lectures of the franquist school have been forgoten, and now the creativity and aesthetic education prevail over.

  11. Matronas y cambio social en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. De mujeres y partos

    OpenAIRE

    Alemany Anchel, María José

    2014-01-01

    Esta investigación profundiza en el análisis de los cambios que se produjeron en la asistencia al parto en la segunda mitad del siglo XX en nuestro país, como consecuencia de las transformaciones políticas, culturales, económicas y sociales. Hemos avanzado en el conocimiento de lo que significó la puesta en marcha de las grandes unidades hospitalarias y en qué medida se transformó la atención al parto de un acto íntimo que se realizaba en el propio domicilio de la parturienta a un acto médico...

  12. Desarrollo de una vacuna profiláctica de segunda generación contra el papilomavirus humano

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    Alonso Leonardo

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Los papilomavirus humanos (HPV son el agente etiológico del cáncer cervical (CC, la segunda causa de muerte por cáncer en mujeres. Se estima que medio millón de nuevos cánceres se diagnostica cada año, ocurriendo la mayoría de ellos en países en vías de desarrollo debido a la ausencia o ineficiencia de los programas masivos de detección temprana. Recientemente se han introducido en el mercado dos vacunas profilácticas contra las principales cepas oncogénicas de HPV, la cepa 16 y 18, responsables por el 80% de todos los CC. Estas vacunas se obtienen en forma recombinante y han demostrado ser extremadamente seguras y eficaces. Sin embargo, su impacto inmediato en la incidencia de la infección por HPV en países en vías de desarrollo será mínimo, debido principalmente al alto costo de las mismas. Existe la necesidad de contar con vacunas de segunda generación, de bajo costo y de aplicación masiva que permitan disminuir sensiblemente el número de CC en la población. Con este objetivo hemos desarrollado una plataforma de expresión recombinante que permite obtener partículas tipo virus (VLPs con las cuales es posible formular vacunas efectivas y accesibles contra la infección por HPV.

  13. La Segunda Guerra Mundial y la “crisis de producción” en los bosques mexicanos

    OpenAIRE

    Christopher Boyer

    2012-01-01

    Este artículo muestra que la Segunda Guerra Mundial representó un parteaguas para los bosques mexicanos. La guerra creó una inmensa demanda de productos forestales por parte de los Aliados y México respondió mediante la implementación de un sistema que denomino “el aprovechamiento de la crisis”. El nuevo régimen productivo puso a un lado la política forestal existente, que favorecía el manejo cuidadoso de los recursos naturales, y la sustituyó por la tala comercial casi desmedida. La guerra t...

  14. El comercio azucarero cubano y la segunda guerra mundial

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    Oscar Zanetti Lecuona

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Análisis del impacto de la segunda guerra mundial sobre el comercio azucarero cubano, el cual se hallaba regulado desde años antes por el sistema de cuotas estadunidense y el Convenio Internacional Azucarero de Londres. A partir de las condiciones creadas por la contienda bélica, se examinan las modificaciones introducidas en la regulación de intercambio que conducen a la creación de un mecanismo de venta global de la zafra azucarera a Estados Unidos, así como el desarrollo de las conflictivas negociaciones en torno a ese procedimiento, influidas por las tendencias que se manifestaban en Cuba respecto a la política comercial y el futuro de la producción azucarera.An analysis of the impact of Second World War on Cuban sugar commerce. Since years before the war, Cuba regulated sugar exports in connection with the American sugar quotas and the International Sugar Agreement signed in London, in 1937. The current article studies the adaptation of this sugar trade system to the war conditions, mainly when Cuba sold the whole sugar harvest to the U.S., as well as the criteria of the principal interest groups in the Island about this commercial policy and the future of sugar economy.

  15. A segunda regra fundamental: um comentário sobre o Ferenczi de Lacan

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    Angela Cavalcanti Bernardes

    2002-12-01

    Full Text Available Que o analista seja analisado é a segunda regra fundamental da psicanálise, de acordo com Sándor Ferenczi. Este autor é louvado por Lacan pelo questionamento autêntico de sua responsabilidade de terapeuta. Faz-se aqui um breve comentário de algumas referências de Lacan a Ferenczi, tendo-se por perspectiva o controverso debate sobre a formação do analista.The second fundamental rule: a note about Lacan's Ferenczi. The analysis of the analyst is the second rule of psychoanalysis, following Sándor Ferenczi. This author is considered by Lacan an authentic questioner of his responsibility as a psychotherapist. The reader will find here a brief note about some of Lacan's comments on Ferenczi. Our concern here is the training of the analyst.

  16. El turismo del Mar Menor: predominio de la segunda residencia

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    Antonio García Sánchez

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available El Mar Menor por sus singularidades, tamaño de oferta y demanda e impacto económico sobre los municipios de la zona es, sin duda, el destino turístico más importante de la Región de Murcia. En este trabajo se analizan, desde los datos obtenidos por el observatorio turístico del Mar Menor durante los años 2000 y 2001, su oferta y demanda turística. Así el análisis de demanda, y dado el predominio del alojamiento en segunda residencia, permite adentrarnos en las características, viabilidad y tendencias de este tipo de turismo. Adicionalmente, el turismo alojado en establecimientos turístico ha sido también objeto de análisis diferenciado precisamente cuando se analiza la oferta (distribución, ocupación, etc.. Simultáneamente, se divide el Mar Menor en dos zonas (La Manga y el litoral interior dado que existen diferencias sustanciales entre las dos zonas consideradas tanto en lo referente a la distribución y características de la demanda como de la oferta.

  17. Diplomacia e ciência no contexto da Segunda Guerra Mundial: a viagem de Arthur Compton ao Brasil em 1941

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    Olival Freire Junior

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available A literatura em história documenta bem os esforços dos Estados Unidos para buscar o alinhamento dos países latino-americanos com os Aliados às vésperas da entrada daquele país na Segunda Guerra Mundial. Depois de um momento de hesitação e de negociações o governo Vargas alinhou-se com os Estados Unidos. Desconhecido até agora, contudo, tem sido o envolvimento de cientistas nesses arranjos diplomáticos. Fontes recentemente descobertas mostram que a missão do físico norte-americano Arthur Compton no Brasil, em 1941, para participação em uma conferência sobre raios cósmicos, estava articulada com os esforços do Office for Inter-American Affairs liderado por Nelson Rockefeller. Para os físicos brasileiros, que tinham adquirido reputação naquela área de pesquisa sob a liderança de Gleb Wataghin na segunda metade da década de 1930, cooperação científica foi uma forte motivação para a organização dessa visita, mas ela não foi isenta de conotações políticas e de interesses profissionais.

  18. Turismo de segundas residencias y turismo de naturaleza en el espacio rural mexicano

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    David Vargas del Río

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available La posmodernidad y los imaginarios urbanos son aspectos que contribuyen a la hegemonía de la ciudad sobre el campo. El turismo es un agente fundamental en este proceso y dos aspectos importantes son el turismo de segundas residencias y el turismo basado en la naturaleza; sin embargo, la relación entre ambos no es clara. El concepto de la urbanización del campo se utiliza como fundamento para describir las condiciones materiales y culturales que facilitaron el avance de estas dos formas de turismo en el espacio rural mexicano. Después, mediante un estudio transversal referido a subzonas de la geografía local de Mazunte, Oaxaca, se ilustra la forma como ambos fenómenos se articularon geográficamente mientras se demuestra su estrecha relación.

  19. Geografía política del caucho durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial

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    Camilo Domínguez Ossa

    1995-01-01

    Full Text Available Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundia el dominio de los recursos estratégicos jugó un papel geopolítico muy grande. Uno de estos recursos, el caucho, tuvo enormes implicaciones sobre el movimiento de fuerzas beligerantes en todo el planeta. en Asia Suroriental significó invasiones armadas y matanzas enormes. En América Latina, especialmente en la Amazonia, fue uno de los recursos estratégicos que marcaron el esfuerzo de guerra latinoamericano junto a los aliados. En realidad, los resultados de la llamada "batalla del caucho" fueron más del orden político que económico: los Estados Unidos impusieron finalmente el paramericanismo liderado por esa gran potencia y los pueblos aeropuerto que sirvieron para el embarque del caucho se conviertieron en enclaves para el dominio territorial del Estado colombiano sobre su Amazonia.

  20. Study of the analytic quality in the determinations of Cr, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb and Hg through conventional and nuclear analytical techniques in mosses of the MATV; Estudio de la calidad analitica en las determinaciones de Cr, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb y Hg a traves de tecnicas analiticas nucleares y convencionales en musgos de la ZMVT

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Caballero S, B.

    2013-07-01

    To evaluate the environmental risks of air pollution and to facilitate the decision-making for control, is necessary to have the capacity to generate data with analytical quality. A comparison between nuclear (Neutron activation analysis and total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry) and no nuclear analytical techniques (atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry) for simultaneous determination of metal content (Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb and Zn) in mosses from Metropolitan Area of the Toluca Valley (MATV) was performed. Epiphytic mosses (Fabriona ciliaris and Leskea angustata) were sampled in two campaigns, 16 sites (urban, transition and natural) and were prepared for each technique. The biological certified reference materials were used for the quality control and to evaluate accuracy, precision, linearity, detection and quantification limits. Results show that nuclear analytical techniques and no nuclear applied in chemical analysis of Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb and Zn in moss from MATV are comparable and therefore all of these can potentially be used for this purpose. However, if its considered both, the performance parameters and economic/operational characteristics is widely recommended inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, conventional analytical technique, which showed the highest analytical grade quality. Also were observed spatial and temporal variations in the concentrations of Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb and Zn in mosses from MATV and was discussed its potential origin. The urban sites had the highest concentration of anthropogenic elements as Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Pb and Zn because are strongly impacted by roads with high vehicle traffic. (Author)

  1. A integração bilateral Brasil-Argentina: tecnologia nuclear e Mercosul

    OpenAIRE

    Oliveira, Odete Maria de

    1998-01-01

    O presente trabalho focaliza o complexo processo de integração bilateral Brasil-Argentina, iniciado formalmente na década de 80, desdobrado em sua dupla abrangência: a) cooperação pacífica da tecnologia nuclear; b) constituição de um mercado comum. A evolução desse processo conduziu-se através de ciclos fundamentais: primeira etapa, antecedentes de aproximação; segunda etapa, os decisivos instrumentos da ampla integração; terceira etapa, solidificação de duas bases, uma de nível tecnológico n...

  2. INTEGRAÇÃO DO MERCADO IMOBILIÁRIO E SEGUNDA RESIDÊNCIA – BRASIL METROPOLITANO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tadeu Alencar Arrais

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available La integración del mercado de tierras en las áreas metropolitanas es uno de los aspectos responsables de la expansión de los asentamientos de segunda residencia en Brasil. Esta expansión de los hogares designados DOU – Domicílios de Uso Ocasional (Los hogares de Uso Casual, del punto de vista relativo, se concentra en los municipios periféricos, dado que los polos metropolitanos son considerados centros de control inmobiliario y de la tierra de este tipo de residencia. El análisis revela la tendencia del monopolio ejercido desde los centros metropolitanos, lo que resulta en problemas de orden económico y social en los municipios con mayor concentración de hogares de uso ocasional.

  3. SEGUNDA TELA: A INTERNET PERVASIVA COMO POSSIBILIDADE DE EXTENSÃO DOS CONTEÚDOS TELEVISUAIS

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    Adriana Pierre Coca

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo se alicerça, sobretudo, no conceito do fenômeno segunda tela (PROULX; SHEPATIN, 2012. Analisamos como as emissoras de TV aberta brasileiras vêm se comportando na interação com o ciberespaço. Partimos do pressuposto que, na reconfiguração dos modos de ver televisão; a internet, por ser cada vez mais um meio pervasivo, se torna uma aliada e não um perigo a hegemonia televisual. A transmidiação como apontada por Henry Jenkins (2009 está sendo colocada em prática com entusiasmo e as redes sociais, por exemplo, já se convertem em índices que mostram o reflexo do intenso diálogo entre a TV e a internet.

  4. Fisiología de la retina II. Mensaje visual en la segunda sinapsis: células amacrinas

    OpenAIRE

    Urtubia Vicario, César

    2005-01-01

    La segunda sinapsis de la vía visual tiene lugar en la capa plexiforme interna, si bien hay muchos contactos sinápticos en la capa de las células ganglionares. Lás células amacrinas establecen sinapsis con células bipolares, entre sí, con células ganglionares, y como elemento pre y postsináptico de las células interplexiformes. Las células amacrinas modulan la respuesta directamente al actuar sobre las ganglionares o interaccionando entre sí. Esta acción, junto con la que las células horizont...

  5. hispanoamericana Poesía experimental (en la segunda mitad del siglo XX

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    Óscar Galindo V.

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available El artículo propone una aproximación a la poesía neovanguardista hispanoamericana de raigambre experimental, durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Se advierte la dimensión continental de la emergencia de movimientos, agrupaciones, revistas y autores neovanguardistas a partir de fines de los años 50 y hasta los años 80 al menos. Lo anterior ha producido una nueva semioticidad que emparenta la escritura poética con las artes visuales, escénicas, musicales, audiovisuales y digitales, generando nuevos discursos y nuevos repertorios. Estos procesos suponen el reciclaje y resemantización de los de los ideales antiartísticos de tradición vanguardista y, particularmente, del proyecto arte-vida, revitalizando la relación entre arte y política, en consonancia con los debates públicos y las transformaciones en los sistemas de producción cultural. Se analizan como ejemplos de poesía experimental, visual y accional, a dos poetas chilenos: Cecilia Vicuña y Juan Luis Martínez.

  6. Analysis of the temperature field of an instrument's guard to measure the thermal conductivity of insulating solid materials; Analisis del campo de temperatura de la guarda de un instrumento para medir la conductividad termica de materiales solidos aislantes

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lira Cortes, Leonel; Xaman Villasenor, Jesus P; Chavez Chena Yvonne [CENIDET: Centro Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico, Cuernavaca, Morelos(Mexico)

    2000-07-01

    In this paper the analysis of the temperature field of the guard of an instrument called hot plate apparatus with guard (APCG), is presented. The experimental results are compared against the ones that are obtained when solving the problem in analytical form. In the analytical solution the influence of taking into account more than one own value is analyzed and the results when truncating in the first term of sum that corresponds to the first own value and to truncate in the second term that includes the first and second root are compared. The instrument is a parallel flat plate apparatus with guards of 305 mm of diameter and operates in an interval of 10 to 80 of temperature and can measure insulating samples with a maximum thickness of 75 mm with a class of exactness of 4%. In applications of calculation of thermal loads, it is necessary to know the thermal conductivity of insulating and construction materials, when the applications are oriented to the use of renewable energies such as the solar, with the purpose of making an efficient use of this energy. [Spanish] En este trabajo se presenta el analisis del campo de temperatura de la guarda de un instrumento denominado aparato de placa caliente con guarda (APCG). Se comparan los resultados experimentales contra los que se obtienen al resolver el problema en forma analitica. En la solucion analitica se analiza la influencia de tomar en cuenta mas de un valor propio y se comparan los resultados al truncar en el primer termino de la sumatoria que corresponde al primer valor propio y truncar en el segundo termino que incluye la primera y segunda raiz. El instrumento es un aparato de platos planos paralelos con guardas de 305 mm de diametro y opera en un intervalo de 10 a 800 grados Celsius de temperatura y puede medir muestras aislantes con un maximo de espesor de 75 mm con una clase de exactitud del 4%. En aplicaciones del calculo de cargas termicas, es necesario conocer la conductividad termica de materiales

  7. A AQUISIÇÃO DE UMA SEGUNDA LÍNGUA E OS ARGUMENTOS ACERCA DA EXISTÊNCIA DE UM PERÍODO CRÍTICO

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    Camila de Bona

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available Neste artigo, procuramos demonstrar como os principais pesquisadores da área da aquisição da linguagem têm encarado o assunto da aquisição de uma segunda língua e sua relação com a idade de aquisição, além da possível existência de um período crítico para a aprendizagem de línguas. Para tanto, revisitamos, primeiramente, as noções de competência linguística e gramática universal veiculadas por Noam Chomsky e sua crítica aos pressupostos behavioristas. Abordamos, também, as pesquisas de dois importantes estudiosos da área de aquisição de segunda língua (L2, quais sejam David Birdsong e James Flege, e suas hipóteses acerca dos fatores relevantes e influentes no processo de aprendizado de uma língua adicional. Por fim, abordamos alguns estudos relativos aos mecanismos neurais subjacentes à produção e à compreensão de uma língua adicional, tanto por aprendizes precoces quanto por aprendizes tardios.

  8. A segunda pessoa - a contribuição sistemática de Fichte

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    Günter Zöller

    Full Text Available O texto se debruça, sistematicamente, sobre o modo como Gotlieb Fichte apresenta a segunda pessoa, tendo o cuidado de não isolar essa exposição, que, com efeito, só pode ser compreendida no contexto integral da obra. Na recomposição do rigoroso movimento de figuras como o "Eu", o "Mim", o "Tu" e o "Nós", pretende-se mostrar como o Eu deve, enfim, ser visto em Fichte, já que se trata, primariamente, de um Nós integral e não de um Nós plural, como uma reconfiguração, em roupagem social (ou protossocial, daquele Eu pré-individual absoluto em que começou a trajetória especulativa de Fichte desde o Eu até o Mim, do Eu ao Tu, do Mim ao Ti e do Ti ao Mim, e ao qual, após a viagem pelo mundo, ela deve enfim conduzir de volta.

  9. RESENHA: BROADIE, A. Introduction to medieval logic. Segunda edição. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2002.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexandre Cabeceiras

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available Nessa obra, Broadie, após discutir qual seria a melhor ordem de exposição paraum texto sobre lógica medieval, decide tratar primeiro dos termos, depois dasproposições e, por fim, das inferências. Mas, não se restringindo ao que era uniforme oupredominante na Idade Média, explora disputas envolvendo lógicos ou filósofos daqueleperíodo. Delimitando seu objeto, estabelece que a obra lidará, hegemonicamente, commaterial produzido no período entre a segunda metade do século XIII e o final do séculoXV, por considerar essa a fase mais produtiva no que se refere à lógica medieval.

  10. Los puentes de madera de la segunda mitad de s. XIX en la provincia de Guadalajara

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    Asenjo Rodríguez, José E.

    2003-02-01

    Full Text Available To realise this work we have collected information and make different analysis concerning the wood bridges constructed or repaired in the county of Guadalajara in the second part of the XIX century. Our purpose is to recuperate some of the knowledge required to realised that kind of works, today not in use.Este trabajo es el resultado de la recogida y análisis de datos referentes a los puentes de madera que existieron, se repararon o construyeron en la provincia de Guadalajara en la segunda mitad del s. XIX, donde se pretende recuperar algunos de los conocimientos que este tipo de obras, hoy en desuso, requerian para su construcción

  11. Recursos educativos TIC para la enseñanza/Aprendizaje del español como lengua materna, segunda y extranjera

    OpenAIRE

    Rodríguez Muñoz, Francisco J.; Níkleva, Dimitrinka G.

    2015-01-01

    Este artículo pretende mostrar la utilidad de los recursos TIC de cara a la enseñanza/aprendizaje del español como lengua materna, segunda y extranjera. Entre sus ventajas, las TIC facilitan la creación de redes para el intercambio del conocimiento, a partir del que se produce un aprendizaje colaborativo (o aprendizaje 2.0). En este sentido, las plataformas de enseñanza virtual se han convertido en un escenario habitual para el desarrollo de este tipo de aprendizaje. Asimismo, ...

  12. The Learner´s Mother Tongue in the L2 Learning-Teaching Symbiosis La lengua materna del estudiante en la simbiosis entre enseñanza y aprendizaje de una segunda lengua

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nilton Hitotuzi

    2006-10-01

    Full Text Available This paper has a two-fold purpose. One is to review the stances of language-oriented theorists, who are practicing foreign/second-language teachers and learners from various parts of the world, regarding the long-standing controversy over whether or not the learner´s mother tongue plays a positive role in the foreign/second-language learning-teaching context. A second purpose is to offer, from a non-native-speaker L2-teacher standpoint, some suggestions on when and how learners´ native language can be capitalised on in the process of learning another language. This implies that the learner´s mother tongue can be a valuable tool at the disposal of foreign/second-language teachers in their classrooms worldwide.El presente artículo tiene dos propósitos. Uno es examinar las posturas de expertos en el área del lenguaje, docentes de lengua extranjera o segunda lengua y aprendices de varias partes del mundo en relación con la controversia que ha existido desde hace mucho tiempo respecto a si la lengua materna del estudiante desempeña o no un papel positivo en el contexto de la enseñanza y aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera o de una segunda lengua. Un segundo objetivo es ofrecer desde un punto de vista de un profesor no nativo de segunda lengua, algunas sugerencias sobre cuándo y cómo la lengua materna de los aprendices puede ser una ventaja en el proceso de aprendizaje de otra lengua. Esto implica que la lengua materna del aprendiz puede ser un instrumento valioso a disposición de profesores de lengua extranjera o segunda lengua de todo el mundo, en sus aulas de clase.

  13. La Segunda Reforma de Salud. Aseguramiento y compra-venta de servicios

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Asa Cristina Laurell

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available El aseguramiento en salud es la propuesta de varios gobiernos latinoamericanos para lograr la cobertura universal en salud. Surge a raíz de la Segunda Reforma Social. Para conocer los resultados de los seguros de salud se analizan Chile, Colombia y México que tienen distintas formas y diversos tiempos de implantación. Se examinan los mismos aspectos para conocer si los seguros han cumplido sus objetivos. Los seguros no han alcanzado cobertura universal poblacional y la cobertura médica está limitada. Persiste el acceso inequitativo y se tiende a una nueva pauta de inclusión-exclusión. La separación entre administración de fondos y prestación de servicios ha llevado a la mercantilización y ha creado nuevos actores económicos en el sector con acceso a los fondos públicos de salud. La administración de estos fondos tiene una creciente complejidad y aumento de los costos y pese a los incrementos en el presupuesto público de salud los costos sobrepasan los recursos. La lógica dominante del seguro es la económica y no la de satisfacción de necesidades de salud.

  14. Estudio de factores para la planificación de un curso de español como segunda lengua. Factors study for a spanish course a second language.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Álvarez Correa Adriana Del Socorro

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available En Colombia hay más de 60 lenguas vivas entre lenguas indígenas, desde el creole de San Andrés hasta el palenquero. Esta es la base empírica para que el grupo de investigación Lengua y Cultura de la Escuela de Educación y Pedagogía de la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana – UPB – de Medellín haya realizado el estudio “Transversalidad de la competencia intercultural en metodologías para el aprendizaje de la lengua materna y del español como segunda lengua”, con el fin de determinar la pertinencia y algunas características de un curso de español como segunda lengua (L2, dirigido a maestros indígenas colombianos, desde una perspectiva psicolingüística y sociocultural de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de L2s en diseños curriculares abiertos y centrados en los alumnos. In Colombia there are more than sixty indigenous languages; which work as the source for the research “Transversalidad de la competencia intercultural en metodologías para el aprendizaje de la lengua materna y del español como segunda lengua” made by Lengua y Cultura Research Group to determine the importance and some characteristics of a Spanish course as a second language. This course is addressed for Colombian indigenous teachers with a sociolinguistic and socio-cultural point of view of learning and teaching second languages in student centered and opened curriculum.

  15. Following to the occupational dose in a nuclear power plant. Second part; Seguimiento de la dosis ocupacional en una central nuclear. Segunda parte

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Medrano L, M A [Gerencia de Seguridad Radiologica, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Salazar (Mexico)

    1991-07-01

    The pursuit of the occupational doses in any installation where radioactive material is managed it allows to those responsible for the radiological safety, to know those practices or places in which should focus its efforts so that the doses received by their workers are controlled and minimized. In this work another form of pursuit of the occupational doses is presented making emphasis in the practices, places and devices or teams that produce the doses to the exposed personnel to diverse radiation sources inside a typical nuclear power station.

  16. El efecto del filtro afectivo en el aprendizaje de una segunda lengua

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    Ginneth Pizarro Chacón

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available Se describen y analizan ciertos factores básicos que influyen en el aprendizaje y la adquisición de una segunda lengua; entre ellos, el nivel de ansiedad, la motivación, la actitud de los participantes, así como la interacción entre el docente y el estudiante. Los autores señalan la importancia de tener en cuenta factores internos y externos en esa interacción profesor-alumno. Se acudió para el análisis a un cuestionario en el que se contemplan aspectos pedagógicos, la personalidad de los participantes, experiencias particulares previas y entorno general del proceso. A description and an analysis are provided of the basic factors influencing second language learning and acquisition; they include the level of anxiety, motivation, the attitude of the participants, as well as the interaction between the instructor and the learner. The authors emphasize the importance of taking into account internal and external factors in that teacher-student interaction. A questionnaire was developed to cover pedagogical aspects, the participants’ personality, previous individual experiences, and the general environment of the process.

  17. A segunda crítica social da Saúde de Ivan Illich

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    Roberto Passos Nogueira

    2003-02-01

    Full Text Available Na Nêmesis da Medicina, Ivan Illich expôs os elementos essenciais da sua primeira crítica da saúde, afirmando que a ampla industrialização da saúde e medicalização da vida na sociedade moderna faz aparecer diversas formas de iatrogênese ou danos à saúde, como resultado da perda da capacidade de ação autônoma das pessoas perante a enfermidade, a dor e o envelhecimento. Na segunda crítica social da saúde, Illich trata do surgimento de uma nova iatrogênese social, a iatrogênese do corpo, que resulta de uma espécie de obsessão com a saúde corporal e com sua produção através de atividades físicas, dietas etc. em aparente condição de autonomia. Trata-se de um consumismo do corpo saudável, que responde menos à ação dos médicos e mais às informações difundidas pelos meios de comunicação e pelos agentes terapêuticos não-oficiais.

  18. El proceso fonológico de elisión de la segunda vocal en el maya yucateco

    OpenAIRE

    Sobrino Gómez, Carlos Martín

    2007-01-01

    Como en otras lenguas del mundo, tales como el francés o el inglés, existen en maya yucateco fenómenos de reducción fonética. Este concepto se refiere a cualquier supresión de sonidos en una secuencia fónica que reduce el número de sílabas de la misma. Específicamente se estudia aquí en el maya yucateco la elisión de la segunda vocal en palabras trisilábicas. En este trabajo se presenta un breve pero importante análisis histórico de esta lengua en el cual observaremos un cambio fonético y gra...

  19. La educación de los hijos de inmigrantes: efectos contextuales sobre los logros educativos de la segunda generación

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    Alejandro Portes

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available Completamos hallazgos publicados anteriormente sobre los logros académicos de la segunda generación de inmigrantes con un análisis de los efectos contextuales de los colegios basado en el amplio conjunto de datos usado por el análisis previo más conocido, el Estudio Longitudinal de Hijos de Inmigrantes, en inglés CILS. Un modelo jerárquico de los efectos contextuales y a nivel individual sobre los logros académicos y el desempeño escolar revela patrones que reproducen los ya encontrados en sondeos que se realizaron a estudiantes nacionales, pero también muestra otros exclusivos de la segunda generación de inmigrados. Entre estos últimos, el fuerte efecto negativo del periodo de residencia en EE.UU. sobre logros en los diversos contextos escolares y el hecho de que los efectos fuertes de origen nacional en las calificaciones se ven atenuados en colegios con altas proporciones de diversidad étnica. Los estudiantes de origen mexicano muestran importantes desventajas en los logros y la retención que, por lo general, en los colegios a los que asisten, se agravan y no se solucionan. Se adelanta una explicación teórica de este modelo y se discuten sus implicaciones prácticas.

  20. Franco y las potencias del Eje : la tentación intervencionista de España en la Segunda Guerra Mundial

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    María de los Ángeles Egido León

    1989-01-01

    Full Text Available Aunque ya no es posible dudar de la no neutralidad de Franco en la segunda guerra mundial, no resulta ocioso examinar su curiosa y no menos oportunista evolución desde la neutralidad a la no beligerancia (pro-Eje para acabar en una neutralidad que favorecía a los aliados. En este artículo se analizan los momentos en que la tentación intervencionista fue más fuerte y los motivos por los que, a pesar de la intención, tal tentación no cuajó.

  1. Franco y las potencias del Eje : la tentación intervencionista de España en la Segunda Guerra Mundial

    OpenAIRE

    Egido León, María de los Ángeles

    1989-01-01

    Aunque ya no es posible dudar de la no neutralidad de Franco en la segunda guerra mundial, no resulta ocioso examinar su curiosa y no menos oportunista evolución desde la neutralidad a la no beligerancia (pro-Eje) para acabar en una neutralidad que favorecía a los aliados. En este artículo se analizan los momentos en que la tentación intervencionista fue más fuerte y los motivos por los que, a pesar de la intención, tal tentación no cuajó.

  2. La respuesta cardiorrespiratoria durante la segunda transición del triatlón: revisión. (Cardiorespiratory response during second transition in triathlon: review.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pedro José Benito Peinado

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Resumen El triatlón es un deporte de resistencia que combina sucesivamente natación, ciclismo y carrera a pie. Como en otros deportes de estas características, la capacidad aeróbica máxima y la posibilidad de mantener una fracción alta del consumo de oxígeno máximo durante la competición son determinantes para el éxito. Ahora bien, el triatlón posee algunas peculiaridades, y la segunda transición es un momento clave, pues la capacidad para enlazar las etapas de ciclismo y carrera es determinante para el rendimiento, ya que la respuesta cardiorrespiratoria durante la carrera a pie de un triatlón se ve aumentada por diversos factores. Así, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue revisar las explicaciones que se han planteado para justificar la respuesta cardiorrespiratoria específica de la segunda transición del triatlón, comenzando por el “drift” cardiovascular y respiratorio, y terminando por los estudios que han abordado el entrenamiento específico de la segunda transición.Palabras clave: triatlón; sucesión ciclismo-carrera; drift cardiovascular; coste metabólico; resistencia; fatiga respiratoria.Abstract Triahtlon is an endurance sport consisting of sequential swimming, cycling and running. As in other sports with similar characteristics, maximal aerobic capacity and the possibility to sustain high percentages of maximal oxygen uptake during competition are decisive to be successful. However, triathlon has some peculiarities, and the second transition is a key moment, because the ability to link cycling and running sectors is decisive for performance, as cardiorespiratory response during runing is increased by different factors. Thus, the aim of the present work was to review the explanations that have been considered to justify the specific cardiorespiratoy response during cycling-running succession in triathlon, from cardiovascular and ventilatory drift, to the studies that treat on specific traning adaptations during

  3. Influencia del uso de complejos enzimáticos en la segunda centrifugación de pastas de aceitunas

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    Jackisch, Björn Oliver

    2006-09-01

    Full Text Available Virgin olive oil is a natural fruit juice that conserves the flavor, aroma, vitamins and all the properties of the fruit from which it comes, being, in addition, the only vegetal oil that can be consumed as “virgin” or completely unrefined. The extraction of the juice from the olive is carried out exclusively by mechanical means in the first centrifugation step, in order to obtain directly consumable virgin olive oil. The use of enzymatic complexes in the process of a second centrifugation step has been contemplated in order to obtain a greater yield of refinable virgin oil.With this work, we attempt to demonstrate an increase in the yield of oil extraction with the use of an enzymatic complex in the second centrifugation and to confirm that its use does not affect the quality of the oils obtainedEl aceite de Oliva Virgen es un zumo de fruta natural que conserva el paladar, perfume, vitaminas y todas las propiedades del fruto del que procede, siendo, además, el único aceite vegetal que puede consumirse directamente virgen y crudo. Se defiende la elaboración del zumo de aceituna por medios exclusivamente mecánicos en la primera centrifugación, para obtener aceites de oliva vírgenes directamente consumibles, pero se contempla el uso de complejos enzimáticos en los procesos de segunda centrifugación, para incrementar los rendimientos en la obtención de aceites vírgenes refinables.Pretendemos demostrar con este trabajo que el uso de un complejo enzimático en la segunda centrifugación aumenta el rendimiento del aceite y, al mismo tiempo, confirmar que su uso no tiene efecto en los parámetros de calidad de los aceites obtenidos

  4. Expolios, deportaciones e internamientos: el destino de los alemanes residentes en Latinoamérica durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial.

    OpenAIRE

    Molina Londoño, Luis Fernando

    2017-01-01

    Este artículo muestra las peripecias de los alemanes y demás ciudadanos del Eje residentes en Latinoamérica durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Al ser considerados una amenaza a la seguridad  hemisférica, los italianos, japoneses y sobre todo alemanes, fueron sujetos de expulsión, reclusión y expropiación debido a la presión política, económica y diplomática que Estados Unidos ejerció sobre la región. Esta injerencia, que pretendía alinear a todos los gobiernos  en una lucha común contra el en...

  5. Progresar en Madrid: aspiraciones y expectativas de la segunda generación en España

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Portes

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo analiza determinantes de las aspiraciones y expectativas entre los hijos de inmigrantes basándose en una muestra representativa de jóvenes de la segunda generacion entrevistados en colegios de secundaria del área metropolitana de Madrid. Sobre la consecución de estatus en general y de las aspiraciones y expectativas en particular, se formula un conjunto de siete hipótesis. Presentamos desagregaciones de las aspiraciones y expectativas educacionales y ocupacionales por género, educación parental y escuela. El análisis fi naliza con modelos de ecuaciones estructurales que ofrecen una perspectiva teórica integrada de la estructura causal de la ambición en el contexto español. Se examinan las consecuencias de nuestras conclusiones para la teoría y las políticas.

  6. La educación de los hijos de inmigrantes: efectos contextuales sobre los logros educativos de la segunda generación

    OpenAIRE

    Alejandro Portes; Lingxin Hao

    2014-01-01

    Completamos hallazgos publicados anteriormente sobre los logros académicos de la segunda generación de inmigrantes con un análisis de los efectos contextuales de los colegios basado en el amplio conjunto de datos usado por el análisis previo más conocido, el Estudio Longitudinal de Hijos de Inmigrantes, en inglés CILS. Un modelo jerárquico de los efectos contextuales y a nivel individual sobre los logros académicos y el desempeño escolar revela patrones que reproducen los ya encontrados en so...

  7. La Violación de la Segunda Ley de la Termodinámica por el Método de Elementos Finitos

    OpenAIRE

    Limache, Alejandro Cesar; Rojas Fredini, Pablo Sebastián; Murillo, Marina H.

    2016-01-01

    El presente artículo pretende alertar sobre un hecho grave: la Segunda Ley de la Termodinámica es violada como consecuencia de la discretización numérica resultante de la aplicación del Método de Elementos Finitos (FEM, por Finite Element Method). En este trabajo se estudia la consistencia termodinámica de las formulaciones FEM. El estudio está basado en el análisis de la ecuación del calor 1-Dimensional (1D) y 2-Dimensional (2D). Los resultados presentados afectan a todas las simulaciones de...

  8. Enseñanza del español, como segunda lengua en estudiantes indígenas, modalidad regular, URACCAN, Siuna, 2015

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jacoba Estela Rodríguez Andrade

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available La investigación, se realizó con estudiantes indígenas del primer año de las carreras: Ingeniería Agroforestal, Administración de Empresas e Informática Administrativa de la Universidad de las Regiones Autónomas de la Costa Caribe Nicaragüense (URACCAN Siuna. La finalidad fue analizar la situación de la enseñanza aprendizaje del español como segunda lengua, modalidad regular, describir las metodologías de enseñanza, estilos de aprendizaje, actitudes y compromisos que asumen los estudiantes. Es cualitativa y según el nivel de profundidad, descriptiva desde el enfoque del interaccionismo simbólico.  Participaron once estudiantes indígenas, cinco mujeres, seis varones. Según su pertenencia étnica, siete miskitos, cuatro sumu-mayangnas. El universo y la muestra representan el cien por ciento. Las para la recolección de la información fueron: entrevistas, grupos focales, la observación y la revisión documental. Los hallazgos, reflejan la variedad de metodologías que utilizan los docentes, en las que existe coincidencia sobre la metodología participativa, elaboración conjunta e interrogatorios. Los estilos de aprendizaje que se identificaron fueron: con mayor frecuencia el acomodador, en segundo lugar el divergente. Entre las estrategias propuestas para facilitar el proceso educativo del español como segunda lengua, se destacan: atención a la diversidad mediante tutorías de acompañamiento docente, la práctica de técnicas y hábitos de estudio.

  9. (Reconstruyendo la identidad musical española: el jazz y el discurso cultural del franquismo durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Iván Iglesias

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available La victoria del general Franco en la Guerra Civil, en abril de 1939, proporcionó a su régimen la legitimidad para emprender la reconstrucción identitaria de España bajo los preceptos de la tradición, el nacionalismo y el catolicismo. La música ocupó un destacado lugar en la articulación de esa imagen, como parte integrante de la cultura y la raza españolas y como medio de información y persuasión. Este artículo analiza el papel del jazz como referente simbólico y como práctica musical en la propaganda de la dictadura franquista hasta 1945, en relación con las condiciones ideológicas y materiales de España y los avatares de la Segunda Guerra Mundial.   Palabras Clave: España, franquismo, Segunda Guerra Mundial, propaganda, Estados Unidos, música, jazz___________________________Abstract:General Franco’s victory in the Civil War, in April 1939, provided to his regime the legitimacy to tackle the reconstruction of the Spanish identity under the rules of tradition, nationalism and Catholicism. Music occupied a prominent place in the articulation of this image, as an integral part of the Spanish culture and race and as a means of information and persuasion. This article examines the role of jazz as symbolic reference and musical practice in the propaganda of the Francoist dictatorship until 1945, in relation to the ideological and material conditions of Spain and the changes of the Second World War.Keywords: Spain, Francoism, Second World War, propaganda, United States, music, jazz

  10. (Reconstruyendo la identidad musical española: el jazz y el discurso cultural del franquismo durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Iván Iglesias

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available La victoria del general Franco en la Guerra Civil, en abril de 1939, proporcionó a su régimen la legitimidad para emprender la reconstrucción identitaria de España bajo los preceptos de la tradición, el nacionalismo y el catolicismo. La música ocupó un destacado lugar en la articulación de esa imagen, como parte integrante de la cultura y la raza españolas y como medio de información y persuasión. Este artículo analiza el papel del jazz como referente simbólico y como práctica musical en la propaganda de la dictadura franquista hasta 1945, en relación con las condiciones ideológicas y materiales de España y los avatares de la Segunda Guerra Mundial.   Palabras Clave: España, franquismo, Segunda Guerra Mundial, propaganda, Estados Unidos, música, jazz___________________________Abstract:General Franco’s victory in the Civil War, in April 1939, provided to his regime the legitimacy to tackle the reconstruction of the Spanish identity under the rules of tradition, nationalism and Catholicism. Music occupied a prominent place in the articulation of this image, as an integral part of the Spanish culture and race and as a means of information and persuasion. This article examines the role of jazz as symbolic reference and musical practice in the propaganda of the Francoist dictatorship until 1945, in relation to the ideological and material conditions of Spain and the changes of the Second World War.Keywords: Spain, Francoism, Second World War, propaganda, United States, music, jazz

  11. Cifras del retroceso: el deterioro relativo de la tasa de mortalidad infantil de Argentina en la segunda mitad del siglo XX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Carlos Escudero

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Se compara la evolución histórica de la tasa de mortalidad infantil de Argentina con la de otros países americanos en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. También se compara la evolución histórica de la tasa de mortalidad infantil de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires y la del Gran Buenos Aires con la de otras ciudades de América y del mundo. Esto muestra el deterioro relativo de la posición de Argentina con respecto a su nivel de mortalidad infantil.

  12. Agenda para el desarrollo en la OMPI (segunda parte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Paula Sandoval Avella

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available Esta es la segunda parte de la monografía sobre las propuestas en torno a una Agenda para el Desarrollo de la OMPI. El debate en las cumbres gira en torno a cómo la ompi puede contribuir al desarrollo, si es realmente por medio de una mayor protección para generar incentivos o si se debe asegurar que el interés público prevalezca y todos los países puedan acceder a la obra o invento. Si la respuesta son los dos, la ompi debe plantear cómo resolver esta dicotomía dado que el conocimiento no se puede excluir a unos pocos, pero tampoco se puede desconocer que se necesitan incentivos para que los autores e inventores los generen y expongan. Ahora, luego de haber revisado todo el proceso teniendo claros los conceptos que involucra el tema, las competencias y limitaciones de la ompi y conociendo al detalle las propuestas de los países miembros, es posible realizar el análisis de las propuestas adoptadas y determinar su aporte al desarrollo. Como el desarrollo involucra varios ámbitos se distribuyeron las propuestas por categorías para determinar a qué ámbito de desarrollo contribuyen las medidas finalmente adoptadas de la siguiente manera, de acuerdo con el mandato de Naciones Unidas: 1. desarrollo económico; 2. formación de capacidades humanas; 3. generación de oportunidades iguales y 4. contribución a los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio. La idea es analizar prospectivamente las consecuencias que se derivarían de la aplicación de las medidas adoptadas en el funcionamiento de la ompi en materia de desarrollo. Finalmente se presentan las conclusiones que se orientan a determinar si después de tan largo proceso las medidas realmente contribuyen al desarrollo o pueden caer en una simple declaración de principios.

  13. Constraints on the Grueneisen Theory

    Science.gov (United States)

    2007-02-01

    TOMSK 634024 RUSSIA 5 DEPARTMENTO DE QUIMICA FISICA I FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS QUIMICAS UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID V G BAONZA...OVIEDO FACULTAD DE QUIMICA DEPARTMENTO DE QUIMICA FISICA Y ANALITICA E FRANCISCO AVENIDA JULIAN CLAVERIA S/N 33006 - OVIEDO

  14. ¿Qué pasa con la didáctica en la enseñanza del español como segunda lengua?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    HUGO FREDY ROA SALCEDO

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available La creciente integración de los países latinoamericanos con países de otras regiones del mundo, hapromovido intercambios, no sólo económicos, sino también culturales y académicos, estos contactosse desarrollan especialmente en forma lingüística. Por esta razón, el Español se ha convertido en lasegunda lengua de comunicación internacional y la cuarta más hablada en el mundo.Esta situación ha hecho evidente la presencia de muchos extranjeros en diferentes ciudadescolombianas. Estas personas, usualmente, experimentan la necesidad de aprender Español, sinembargo, no encuentran mayor producción textual en este campo; es decir, en las librerías ybibliotecas usualmente no se hallan autores, especialmente nacionales, que aborden la enseñanzadel Español como lengua extranjera. Al contrario, en cuanto a la enseñanza de lengua materna laproducción textual es abundante debido a la gran demanda que se presenta en los colegios. Noobstante, es importante señalar que se trata de dos tipos de enseñanza diferente. Por este motivo, se hace necesario dar una revisión a lo que se ha hecho en relación con laenseñanza del Español como lengua nativa, y especialmente, como segunda lengua en Colombiay en otras partes del mundo. Estos conocimientos sirven como pilar teórico y metodológico paraque los profesionales en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras empiecen a responder al reto deproducir textos acerca de cómo enseñar Español como segunda lengua.

  15. Enseñanza-aprendizaje de las segundas lenguas en educación infantil a través del método Jolly Phonics

    OpenAIRE

    Camus Cantero, Ana María

    2016-01-01

    RESUMEN: Este trabajo de fin de grado pretende mostrar la importancia que tiene la adquisición de una segunda lengua a edades tempranas y sus implicaciones didácticas, pues el docente deberá emplear una metodología enriquecedora a la hora de llevar a cabo el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje con nuestro alumnado. Teniendo en cuenta la importancia que actualmente se le atribuye al desarrollo lingüístico de una L2 en la sociedad, en dicho trabajo vamos a presentar el método Jolly Phonics, ya qu...

  16. La influencia de factores educativos y familiares sobre el aprendizaje de una segunda lengua, y los efectos sobre la inteligencia y cognici?n

    OpenAIRE

    Novoa Rusinque, Paola Andrea

    2012-01-01

    Actualmente, la investigaci?n cient?fica acerca de la influencia de los factores educativos y familiares en el aprendizaje de una segunda lengua (L2) es limitada. En comparaci?n, los efectos que tiene la L2 en la inteligencia y cognici?n han sido m?s estudiados. Por esta raz?n, el art?culo presenta una revisi?n de la literatura emp?rica existente que relaciona lo mencionado anteriormente, ampliando as? la tem?tica del biling?ismo. Se buscaron art?culos en cuatro bases de datos (PSICODOC, ISI...

  17. Estudio de alternativas viales para la intersección de la Avenida Bolivar con Calle Segunda en la ciudad de Armenia

    OpenAIRE

    Calderón Ocampo, John Jairo; Franco Osorio, Juan Pablo

    2001-01-01

    El objetivo de este trabajo es mejorar la situación actual del tránsito que se presenta en la intersección de la Avenida Bolívar con la Calle Segunda en la ciudad de Armenia, para lo cual se realizó un estudio que abarcó desde la toma de información básica del estado actual de la intersección (volúmenes vehiculares, datos históricos del tránsito, levantamiento de la intersección) hasta la evaluación económica, ambiental y multivariable de las alternativas preseleccionadas, usando para ello gr...

  18. Operaciones secretas inglesas en España durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michael Alpert

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Aigunos miembros de los servicios ingleses de Información involucrados en la Guerra Civil, sobre todo Kim Philby y el capitán de Navio Hillgarth, siguieron ocupando cargos de importancia en los servicios secretos durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Las principales actividades de los servicios secretos ingleses en España incluían preservar la seguridad de Gibraltar, contrarrestar el trabajo de los agentes alemanes en el Estrecho, y desenmascarar a los espías españoles dirigidos por el Abwehr. Este artículo se ocupa especialmente de las dificultades de organizar el trabajo del llamado Special Operations Executive, en relación con la planificación de actividades guerrilleras y de sabotajes en caso de una ocupación de España por fuerzas militares alemanas.British specialists such as Kim Philby and Captain Alan Hillgarth, who had been involved in Intelligence services during the Spanish Civil War, contributed to the activities of the British Secret Services in Spain during the Second World War. Their main activities included the security of Gibraltar, counteracting German Intelligence in the Straits, and unmasking Spanish agents controlled by the Abwehr. This article concentrates on the particular difficulties of organising the work of the Special Operations Executive and its plans for guerrilla-type activity in the case of a German military occupation of Spain, whose neutrality, in the view of Great Britain, had to be carefully preserved.

  19. A Note on the Application of the Extended Bernoulli Equation

    Science.gov (United States)

    1999-02-01

    SANTANDER SPAIN DEPARTMENTO DE QUIMICA FISICA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS QUIMICAS UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID V G BAONZA M TARAVTLLO M CACERAS...UNIVERSIDAD DE OVIEDO FACULTAD DE QUIMICA DEPARTMENTO DE QUIMICA FISICA Y ANALITICA E FRANCISCO AVENIDA JULIAN CLAVERIA S/N 33006 - OVIEDO SPAIN

  20. La divulgación radiofónica de la alimentación y la higiene infantil en la España de la Segunda República (1933-1935

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Josep Bernabeu Mestre

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available El trabajo analiza la incorporación de medios tecnológicos, en particular la radio, en el proceso de divulgación del conocimiento sobre la salud infantil durante la Segunda República española. En el marco de la campaña sanitaria contra la mortalidad infantil que puso en marcha la Segunda República en la década del 30, la Asociación Española de Médicos Puericultores Titulados, en colaboración con Unión Radio, organizó dos ciclos de conferencias radiofónicas que pretendían explicar, a través de un discurso divulgativo de tono descriptivo dirigido a las clases populares, las nociones fundamentales de la higiene y la alimentación infantil, e impulsar una cultura de la prevención, guiada y orientada por los dictados de los expertos. Se trataba de una acción de propaganda y divulgación que tenía su continuidad en el medio familiar y comunitario a través de la actuación de las enfermeras visitadoras puericultoras, contemplando a las madres como población diana.

  1. Católicos, devociones y sociedad durante la Dictadura de Primo de Rivera y la Segunda República. La Obra del Amor Misericordioso en España (1922-1936). [Reseña

    OpenAIRE

    Illanes, J.L. (José Luis)

    2009-01-01

    Reseña de KM. REQUENA, Católicos, devociones y sociedad durante la Dictadura de Primo de Rivera y la Segunda República. La Obra del Amor Misericordioso en España (1922-1936), Biblioteca Nueva Madrid 2008, 359 pp., ISBN 978-84-9742-877-4.

  2. Al rescate de Franco y del franquismo: el hispanismo mexicano en la encrucijada de la Segunda Guerra Mundial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Sola Ayape

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available En 1945, y una vez terminada la segunda guerra mundial, los países vencedores –México, entre ellos– identificaron al régimen franquista como un saldo de guerra y, entre otras medidas en contra, se prohibió el ingreso de España en las Naciones Unidas. En defensa propia, y con un Franco acorralado, los arquitectos del franquismo diseñaron un plan estratégico para aguantar los embates del exterior, contando para ello con la ayuda de hispanistas mexicanos como Alfonso Junco o Jesús Guisa y Azevedo. Así, y teniendo en cuenta los perfiles de esta encrucijada histórica, el objetivo del presente artículo es analizar el discurso del hispanismo mexicano, concebido instrumentalmente para salir en defensa de Franco y del franquismo.

  3. ELEMENTI DI GEOMETRIE FINITE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Stefania Ferri

    1996-02-01

    Full Text Available Si fa vedere come si può costruire la geometria analitica su un piano affìne finito. Vengono riportati risultati classici che però sono stati esposti in modo da essere compresi dagli alunni delle Scuole Medie Secondarie.

  4. Measurements of sulfur dioxide, ozone and ammonia concentrations in Asia, Africa, and South America using passive samplers

    CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

    Carmichael, GR

    2003-03-01

    Full Text Available : gcarmich@engineering.uiowa.edu (G.R. Carmichael). 1352-2310/03/$ - see front matter r 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(02)01009-9 ac Chemistry Istitute Departmento de Quimica Analitica, Universidade Federal da Bahia...

  5. Los modelos de explotación petrolera de Ecuador y de Colombia: Un análisis desde el extractivismo y el neoextractivismo (segunda parte)

    OpenAIRE

    Luis Hernando Portillo Riascos

    2015-01-01

    En la primera parte de este trabajo se describieron los elementos conceptuales alrededor de los dos tipos o estilos de extractivismo. A la vez, se realizó una exposición de los principales cambios en el marco regulatorio del sector petrolero en los dos países analizados: Ecuador y Colombia. La segunda parte, que aquí se presenta, tiene como objetivo, hacer una revisión empírica de los dos modelos de explotación petrolera. En el análisis cuantitativo se encontró diferencias importantes en la e...

  6. “Pues para ello les quedaba livertad”. Comercio e interdependencia en las fronteras meridionales del imperio español (segunda mitad del siglo XVIII)

    OpenAIRE

    Alioto, Sebastián Leandro; Jiménez, Juan Francisco

    2010-01-01

    En la historiografía argentina acerca de las relaciones fronterizas en Pampa, Nordpatagonia y Araucanía se ha repetido, abierta o implícitamente, la idea de que los grupos nativos mantuvieron una relación de dependencia económica respecto de los hispano-criollos, de modo que la adquisición de ciertos productos de manos de los españoles se habría tornado imprescindible para su supervivencia. En este trabajo y concentrándonos en la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII, nos proponemos mostrar que ese n...

  7. La tablet para el aprendizaje de vocabulario en segundas lenguas: teclado, lápiz digital u opción múltiple

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Las tecnologías móviles están aumentando su presencia en las aulas. Mientras estas tecnologías ofrecen oportunidades para facilitar el aprendizaje, entre ellas la adquisición de una segunda lengua (L2, su potencial sigue sin aprovecharse plenamente. Aunque las aplicaciones de las tablets permiten la escritura y tareas similares a las que pueden hacerse en papel, siguen ofreciendo mayoritariamente ejercicios de selección múltiple o de relleno de huecos. Este cambio en medio y modalidad de práctica podría significar un impacto en el aprendizaje de una segunda lengua. Basada en la perspectiva de la cognición incorporada, nuestra hipótesis predice que el hecho de escribir se traduce en un mejor proceso de memorización y una mejor ortografía frente a la mecanografía o al uso de ejercicios de opción múltiple. Esta hipótesis ha sido comprobada en un estudio cuasi-experimental basado en el aula: alumnos (N=282 que practicaron vocabulario de francés a través de tres modalidades de práctica: ejercicios de opción múltiple, escritura con un teclado y escritura a mano alzada. Aunque se haya encontrado que las tres modalidades de práctica apoyaron al proceso de aprendizaje, los resultados demostraron que los alumnos que practicaron el vocabulario escribiendo con lápiz o con la tablet obtuvieron puntuaciones más altas en ortografía y dominio de signos diacríticos comparados con los alumnos que realizaron ejercicios de selección múltiple. Pasar más tiempo aprendiendo vocabulario a un nivel más alto de procesamiento conduce a una mayor adquisición de vocabulario.

  8. Del idealismo al realismo relaciones entre España y Corea desde la Segunda República hasta la Guerra de Corea (1931-1953)

    OpenAIRE

    Choe, Hae Sung

    2006-01-01

    En las relaciones entre España y Corea hasta la entrada del siglo XX, predominaban un desinterés mutuo y escasos contactos. No obstante, llegó un nuevo período de atención sorprendente y de alto interés. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar y reconstruir las relaciones e influencias, imágenes y percepciones entre España y Corea durante dicho período comprendido entre la Segunda República y la Guerra de Corea (1931-1953), mediante la metodología interdisciplinar que proporcionan la his...

  9. Aplicación pedagógica de la lingüística de corpus a una clase de gramática avanzada de español como segunda lengua

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paz, Yanira

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available Este estudio recoge las experiencias de la enseñanza de un curso de gramática avanzada de español como segunda lengua usando la lingüística de corpus (LC como herramienta pedagógica. Si bien el uso pedagógico de LC en lenguas como el inglés ha sido ampliamente reportado, son escasos los estudios relacionados con el español. Como se desprenderá de estas experiencias, la LC permite el estudio de las estructuras de la lengua (objetivo de una clase de gramática avanzada y, al mismo tiempo, permite ver estas estructuras y sus usos en producciones reales y naturales aparte de presentarlas en contextos textuales y culturales auténticos. La LC se constituye, de esta manera, en una forma de aprendizaje mediante el uso de datos (‘data-driven learning’. El/la estudiante investigador/a usa datos, en un proceso inductivo, para llegar a la proposición de reglas gramaticales; todo lo contrario de lo que ha sido la enseñanza tradicional de la gramática del español como primera o segunda lengua.

  10. Demandas por qualificação profissional: Recife, segunda metade do século XIX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ramon de Oliveira

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Se han analizado las demandas por cualificación profesional de jefes y empleados de Recife, durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Se ha buscado documentación concerniente a periódicos de la ciudad en la época, documentos de asociaciones patronales en la ciudad, publicaciones de organizaciones de trabajadores y documentos del gobierno. Se ha concluido que la urbanización de Recife no implicó nuevas exigencias de profesionales, aunque existiera un discurso gubernamental que defendía espacios destinados a la instrucción profesional. La inexistencia de acciones de trabajadores y del patronato volcadas a la cualificación profesional se puede explicar en base a la incipiente industrialización. Se ha constatado que los criterios definidos para los contractos no se relacionaban directamente con la actividad que se desarrollaría. Las exigencias de los directivos se referían al sexo, al color, a la edad y a la conducta moral, sugiriendo que, si había una demanda respecto al saber hacer, no había criterios específicos relativos a la profesión solicitada.

  11. Improvement of the obtention process of phosphorus-32 of the ININ through the application of nuclear analytical techniques; Perfeccionamiento del proceso de obtencion de fosforo-32 del ININ, mediante la aplicacion de tecnicas analiticas nucleares

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zepeda R, C P [UMSNH, Facultad de Ingenieria Quimica, Morelia, Michoacan (Mexico)

    2007-07-01

    The phosphorus-32, is radioisotope emitting pure {beta}{sup -}, of maximum energy 1.71 MeV with an average life of 14.28 days, and that has application in the industry, agriculture, medicine and biology. The {sup 32} P, produced by means of two nuclear reactions {sup 32} S(n,p){sup 32} P and {sup 31} P (n,{gamma}){sup 32} P; by the facility of handling of sulfur, his low cost and its fast acquisition in the market. I selected the reaction {sup 32} S(n,p){sup 32} P. To produce {sup 32} P it is necessary to prepare and to characterize the target (S-{alpha}) that is obtained from the purification of the raw material, make the mathematical calculations of irradiation, irradiation of the target in the nuclear reactor TRIGA Mark III, radiochemical separation of {sup 32} P of {sup 32} S by a dry distillation method and an hydrolysis of {sup 32} P with diluted HCl obtaining H{sub 3}{sup 32}PO{sub 4} and finally quality control. In the order to make the radiochemistry separation it was necessary to make previous modifications to the process guarantee the quality of product ({sup 32} P), and security of the operator. (Author)

  12. Calcolo tensoriale e applicazioni

    CERN Document Server

    Finzi, Bruno

    1979-01-01

    Campi vettoriali ; tensori e algebra tensoriale ; omografie vettoriali ; campi tensoriali negli spazi euclidei ; campi tensoriali negli spazi non euclidei ; geometria della superficie ; geometria degli spazi di Riemann ; meccanica del corpo rigido ; meccanica dei continui deformabili ; meccanica analitica ; campo elettromagnetico ; teoria dela relatività ; teorie relativistiche unitarie.

  13. Reseña de Gaspar Aguilar, «La comedia segunda de Los agravios perdonados», ed. C. George Peale, Santa Barbara, University of California, Publications of «eHumanista», 2016, 128 pp., edición digital

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ariel Núñez Sepúlveda

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Reseña de Gaspar Aguilar, La comedia segunda de Los agravios perdonados, ed. C. George Peale, Santa Barbara, University of California, Publications of eHumanista, 2016, 128 pp., edición digital

  14. A integração bilateral Brasil-Argentina: tecnologia nuclear e Mercosul

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    Odete Maria de Oliveira

    1998-06-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho focaliza o complexo processo de integração bilateral Brasil-Argentina, iniciado formalmente na década de 80, desdobrado em sua dupla abrangência: a cooperação pacífica da tecnologia nuclear; b constituição de um mercado comum. A evolução desse processo conduziu-se através de ciclos fundamentais: primeira etapa, antecedentes de aproximação; segunda etapa, os decisivos instrumentos da ampla integração; terceira etapa, solidificação de duas bases, uma de nível tecnológico nuclear, pactuando um sistema sui generis de salvaguardas e a vigência do Tratado de Tlatelolco (emendado, e, outra, de nível econômico pelo Tratado de Assunção, instituindo o Mercosul.The present work focuses on the complex bilateral integration process involving Brazil and Argentina that began formally during the 80's, and displayed in its double scope: a pacific cooperation on nuclear technology; b constitution of a common market. This process evolution took place in three fundamental circles: the first one, approximation antecedents; the second one, decisive instruments for a large integration; and the third one, the solidification of two basis, one at the nuclear technological level, joining the two countries in the sui generis back up system and the operation of the Tlatelolco Treaty, the other, at the economic level instituting the Mercosur by the Asunción Treaty.

  15. De niños traviesos e indolentes para el estudio, a jóvenes modelos de juicio y aplicación. El nacimiento de la segunda enseñanza en Ávila (1834-1868

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    José María HERNÁNDEZ DÍAZ

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: El estudio que- se presenta aborda el nacimiento de la segunda enseñanza en una pequeña ciudad española y su provincia, Ávila. En el tercio central del siglo XIX el liberalismo moderado construye en España el sistema nacional de educación. El ejemplo de Ávila, dedicado en esta ocasión a la segunda enseñanza, es una muestra del modelo emprendido. Se aprecia el carácter minoritario y elitista de una enseñanza dirigida a los sectores burgueses de la sociedad.ABSTRACT: This study shows the beginning of secondary education in the Spanish towns and province of Ávila. In the middle of the XlXth century the moderate liberalism built the national system of education in Spain. The example of Ávila, devoted in this occasion to the secondary education, is illustrative of a minority and elitist education addressed to the Spanish middle class.

  16. Modelización sostenible del emplazamiento de nuevas segundas residencias en el medio rural. El caso de La Vera (Extremadura

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    Jeong, Jin Su

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available This paper presents an operational analysis method to support siting decisions for sustainable rural second homes in an ecotourism site, La Vera (Extremadura. In this study, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP and ordered weighted averaging (OWA approach of multi-attribute modeling are used in combination with geographic information system (GIS capabilities. Accordingly, this work explores six exclusionary and twelve non-exclusionary criteria selected based on all possible characteristics of the existing planning policies together with two analytical procedures. Local residents’ field survey and experts’ group discussion are conducted to reach a consensus criteria weight and particularly to demonstrate their attitude. Then, with the aid of OWA operators with constant value of orness and maximum entropy, the optimal sites for a rural second home are represented in the study area to evaluate the present environment and to predict future improvements.Se presenta un método de análisis operacional para apoyar la decisión para la implantación sostenible de segundas residencias rurales en un espacio dedicado al ecoturismo: la comarca de La Vera (Extremadura. En este estudio se emplean procesos jerárquicos analíticos (AHP y promedios ponderados ordenados (OWA como técnicas de modelado con múltiples atributos junto a las capacidades que ofrecen los sistemas de información geográfica (SIG. Se analizan seis criterios seleccionados de forma restrictiva y otros doce de forma no restrictiva, basados en todas las características posibles de las políticas de planeamiento existentes junto con dos procedimientos analíticos: encuesta a los residentes locales y grupos de discusión de expertos. A través de operadores del OWA con valor constante del orness y máxima entropía, los lugares óptimos para la localización de las segundas residencias rurales se representan en el área de estudio para evaluar las implicaciones ambientales actuales y

  17. Hacia una nueva política industrial. Los proyectos de producción de metales no ferrosos en la Argentina durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial

    OpenAIRE

    Rougier, Marcelo

    2012-01-01

    Este artículo analiza las características que adquirió la producción de metales no ferrosos haciendo foco en las dificultades que se generaron para un importante sector elaborador que importaba la materia prima básica durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, con especial énfasis en la industria del aluminio. En particular, se estudiarán sobre la base de fuentes primarias los proyectos desarrollados en aquellos años para superar esas dificultades, entre los cuales descollaron los elaborados por la D...

  18. La integración de los inmigrantes de “segunda generación” en Almería. Un caso de pluralismo fragmentado

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    Checa, Juan Carlos

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available The objective of this article is to know the integration process of “second-generation” inmigrant integration in the countryside of Almería (Spain. We analyze the adaptation that the youths are experiencing in the following dimensions: socioeconomic, mixed relationships, relating cultural, norms and transnationalism. The data are obtained with the administration of a questionnaire in different educational centres and in the residential environment; the final sample is formed by a total of 390 surveys. The results show that not all the second- generation immigrants have the same adaptation; we can observe, on the contrary, unequal situations, what draws a scenario of fragmented pluralism. The origin, the years of stay, the level of studies, the profession and the habitat are the key variables that predict this process.

    El objetivo de este artículo es conocer el proceso de integración de los inmigrantes de “segunda generación” en la provincia de Almería (España. Para ello vamos a analizar la adaptación que están experimentando los jóvenes en las siguientes dimensiones: socioeconómica, relaciones mixtas, referentes culturales, normas y transnacionalidad. Los datos se obtienen a partir de la administración de un cuestionario en diferentes centros educativos y en el ámbito residencial; la muestra final está formada por un total de 390 encuestas. Los resultados muestran que no todos los inmigrantes de segunda generación tienen la misma adaptación; se plantean, por el contrario, situaciones dispares, lo que dibuja un escenario de pluralismo fragmentado. El origen, los años de estancia, el nivel de estudios, la profesión y el hábitat son las variables que predicen fundamentalmente este proceso.

  19. La influencia de factores educativos y familiares sobre el aprendizaje de una segunda lengua, y los efectos sobre la inteligencia y cognición

    OpenAIRE

    Novoa Rusinque, Paola Andrea

    2012-01-01

    Actualmente, la investigación científica acerca de la influencia de los factores educativos y familiares en el aprendizaje de una segunda lengua (L2) es limitada. En comparación, los efectos que tiene la L2 en la inteligencia y cognición han sido más estudiados. Por esta razón, el artículo presenta una revisión de la literatura empírica existente que relaciona lo mencionado anteriormente, ampliando así la temática del bilingüismo. Se buscaron artículos en cuatro bases de datos (PSICODOC, ISI...

  20. Paisaje y medioambiente: Las transformaciones ocasionadas por el turismo de segundas residencias en las playas de Jacumã, Carapibus y Tabatinga (Conde/PB, Brasil)

    OpenAIRE

    Barreto Kiyotani, Ilana; Rodrigues Viana de Lima, Eduardo

    2012-01-01

    A partir del concepto de paisaje, tan importante y debatido en la geografía, y del concepto de medioambiente, uno de los más discutidos en el mundo actualmente, se presentan aquí los impactos que el turismo produce sobre los mismos. Esa actividad que ha cambiado la idea de placer, recreación y ocio se convirtió en una de las mayores fuentes de la economía global transformando el espacio físico y el medio social. Se analiza el turismo de segundas residencias (también conocido como veraneo). In...

  1. AICLE a través del Español como Segunda Lengua en la Educación Superior (ESLES: un puente entre la lengua y el conocimiento

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    Susana Pastor Cesteros

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo presenta la situación del Aprendizaje Integrado de Contenidos y Lenguas Extranjeras (AICLE, por lo que respecta al Español como Segunda Lengua en la Educación Superior (ESLES. En el ámbito del español como lengua extranjera son cada vez más numerosos los estudiantes universitarios que asisten a clases en español sin ser esta su lengua materna y que aprenden así, simultáneamente, tanto los contenidos de la materia como la lengua vehicular en la que se imparten. Desde esta perspectiva, abordamos la cuestión en tres apartados. En el primero, se revisa la fundamentación teórica en la que se enmarcan los estudios sobre aprendizaje por contenidos y sobre Español Académico (EA, ofreciendo un estado de la cuestión. En el segundo, mostramos los proyectos que en esta área se están realizando desde el Grupo de investigación en Adquisición y enseñanza de segundas lenguas y lenguas extranjeras de la Universidad de Alicante (ACQUA. Las conclusiones constituyen el tercer y último apartado, en el que resumimos los resultados del trabajo realizado y proponemos futuras líneas de investigación.

  2. Tras las huellas de (La) Malinche. Tránsito del arquetipo en el teatro mexicano de la segunda mitad del siglo XX

    OpenAIRE

    Albaladejo López, Anna

    2015-01-01

    El objeto de la presente tesis es el análisis estético e ideológico de la evolución del arquetipo La Malinche (personaje dramático e histórico y mito femenino cuyo origen está en la crónica de la Conquista de México), en la tradición dramática mexicana de la segunda mitad del siglo XX, a través de una selección de obras y una puesta en escena que dan cuenta de su cabal transformación en el imaginario. Se inserta pues dentro de las investigaciones estéticas y literarias, sociológicas y de géne...

  3. Utilização de bioestimulante organomineral no milho de segunda safra, cultivado no Oeste do Paraná

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    Fábio Henrique Krenchinski

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available O milho é cultivado em todo o país, produzindo quantidades variáveis conforme o investimento em tecnologia. Existe maior procura e maior uso de sementes melhoradas, associadas com tratamentos de fungicidas, inseticidas e biorreguladores. Acredita-se que o uso de bioestimulante pode melhorar muitas características, sendo uma delas a produtividade. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar parâmetros agronômicos na cultura do milho de segunda safra com o uso de bioestimulante via tratamento de sementes, no município de Marechal Cândido Rondon. O bioestimulante utilizado no experimento foi o Qualytus SCP® organomineral da empresa RHAL®. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições e dois tratamentos: milho sem o uso de bioestimulante organomineral (M/S e milho com tratamento de bioestimulante organomineral (M/C. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (p

  4. NOVELAS-FOLLETÍN Y LA AUTORÍA FEMENINA EN LA SEGUNDA MITAD DEL SIGLO XIX EN CHILE

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    Carol Arcos

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo busca poner en relieve el problema de la autoría femenina en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX en Chile a través de las estrategias de publicación y géneros del discurso literario que privilegian las mujeres escritoras, planteando, en tal sentido, la novela-folletín como un género que permite proveer a las escritoras de función-autor; esto, además, bajo la consideración de un proceso mayor como es el surgimiento de un espacio de opinión pública y la construcción de un incipiente campo cultural/intelectual.This paper seeks to highlight the problem of female authorship in the second half of the nineteenth century in Chile, considering the publication strategies and the genres of literary discourse privileged by women writers. In this context, the feuilleton-novel is seen as a genre that allowed writers to provide the author-function, within the larger process of emergence of a public space and the construction of an incipient cultural/intellectual fried.

  5. Editoriale

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    Egidio Pozzi

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Questo numero della rivista presenta due articoli proposti rispettivamente al Quarto Incontro di Studio di Analitica, tenuto a Rimini nel marzo del 2006, e all'International Conference on Music Perception and Cognition (ICMPC9 che si svolse a Bologna dal 22 al 26 agosto dello stesso anno.

  6. Átomos na integração: a aproximação Brasil-Argentina no campo nuclear e a construção do Mercosul

    OpenAIRE

    Vargas, Everton Vieira

    1997-01-01

    Este trabalho tenciona ser uma reflexão sobre a importância da aproximação entre o Brasil e a Argentina no campo nuclear, na segunda metade da década de 80 e no início dos anos 90, como fundamento para a construção de um relacionamento novo que suplantou uma rivalidade histórica entre ambos. O processo de aproximação encetado com um propósito aparentemente econômico, tinha uma dimensão estratégica. As repercussões desse esforço iam além dos interesses bilaterais imediatos e se refletiram na b...

  7. La necesidad de una teoría crítica de la modernización ante las realidades de la segunda mitad del siglo XX

    OpenAIRE

    H.C.F. Mansilla

    2008-01-01

    Después del contacto permanente con la exitosa civilización occidental, los países del Tercer Mundo se han consagrado a un desarrollo acelerado en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, que ha significado el mayor cambio social en toda su historia. En general el resultado es una evolución imitativa, que es percibida, sin embargo, como algo propio y autónomo. Una teoría crítica de lamodernización es importante para analizar las luces y las sombras de esta evolución de acuerdo a un sentido común guiad...

  8. Municipio y mercado en el Aragón moderno : el abasto de carne en Albarracín durante la segunda mitad del Seiscientos

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    José Antonio Mateos Royo

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available Estudio relativo a la política desarrollada por el concejo de Albarracín sobre el mercado de carne durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVII. La fuerte orientación ganadera de la zona motivó una modesta intervención pública en el mercado y un mayor grado de autoabastecimiento por parte de la población. El municipio moderó también la presión fiscal sobre la carne para sustentar la demanda local. Debido a la carencia de otras producciones agrarias significativas en la zona, los intereses de la elite local mantuvieron esta concepción del suministro durante el Seiscientos a pesar del creciente endeudamiento municipal. Esta política de abasto urbano favoreció la quiebra municipal. En última instancia, esta debilidad financiera redujo la protección al consumidor frente a carestías y el control público del mercado en favor de los tratos privados durante la segunda mitad de la centuria.This paper studies municipal politics carried out by the Albarracín council concerning the meat market during the second half of the Seventeenth Century. Cattle-raising orientation of the area prompted a slight public intervention on the market and a higher degree of self-provisioning by the inhabitants. Town council also decided to moderate fiscal pressure on the meat transactions in order to support local demand. Due to the lack of other significant agrarian productions in the area, interest of local elites help to maintain this supplying conception during the seventeenth century in spite of raising municipal indebtedness. This policy of town provisioning gradually promoted municipal bankruptcy. Moreover, this financial weakness reduced consumers’ protection facing scarcity and public intervention on the market in favour of private transactions during the second half of this century.

  9. Acomodar, ordenar y leer. La disposición de los libros en acervos novohispanos durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manuel Suárez Rivera

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available El articulo representa un primer acercamiento a la forma en que los novohispanos acomodaban sus libros en los estantes, tanto de bibliotecas particulares como de librerías durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII. A partir de una serie de inventarios levantados por el control que llevaba el Santo Oficio, estudio brevemente algunos casos concretos en donde se revela la forma en la que estaban dispuestos los volúmenes; en un primer momento me refiero a bibliotecas particulares y después algunas librerías. Luego del análisis, es claro que el tamaño de los libros fue el criterio predominante en el acomodo, seguidos de una laxa clasificación temática y, en algunos casos, el estado físico de los libros.

  10. A SMALL SCALE INVESTIGATION INTO MEXICAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ LANGUAGE LEARNING MOTIVATION (UNA INVESTIGACIÓN DE PEQUEÑA ESCALA ACERCA DE LA MOTIVACIÓN DE LOS ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS MEXICANOS PARA APRENDER UNA SEGUNDA LENGUA

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    Roux Rodríguez Ruth

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available Resumen:El propósito de este trabajo de investigación de pequeña escala es ampliar el debate actual en el tema de la motivación para aprender una segunda lengua. En particular analiza las conexiones existentes entre el contexto de aprendizaje en el que están inmersos los estudiantes de inglés como segunda lengua y las influencias socio-culturales en que este opera. El estudio se llevó a cabo en un centro de lenguas que forma parte de una universidad estatal localizada en el Noreste de México. Los participantes son seis estudiantes de un curso de inglés como lengua extranjera de nivel intermedio. También se encuentran realizando estudios de licenciatura en áreas tales como psicología, ingeniería, sistemas computacionales, negocios y educación con especialización en enseñanza de inglés. Con base en el análisis de los datos recopilados mediante un grupo focal de discusión, se sostiene que la motivación para aprender una segunda lengua no emerge únicamente del contexto de aprendizaje ó del contexto sociocultural, si no más bien de una combinación de ambos factores. Se encontró también que las concepciones dominantes respecto al “éxito” profesional y académico en México confluyen con el contexto de aprendizaje para determinar el nivel de motivación para aprender una segunda lengua.Abstract:This small-scale research paper aims to shed additional light on L2 learning motivation. In particular, it looks into the connections between the EFL students’ learning context and the socio-cultural influences within which it operates. The study was conducted in a language center which is part of a state university located in the Northeast part of Mexico. The participants are six students of an intermediate level EFL course. They are also engaged in undergraduate programs majoring in areas such as psychology, engineering, computer science, business, and education with specialty in ELT. Drawing on qualitative data derived from a

  11. Prejubilaciones y segunda oportunidad: Algunas consecuencias del nuevo mercado de trabajo

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    Zamorano, Joaquín

    2000-12-01

    Full Text Available From year to year, an ever increasing number of young professionals with good postgraduate training enter the labor market in Spain. The author discusses the consequences that this economic and sociological trend has for young and oíd workers in the two-fold context of high flexibility of labor markets and frequent, computer-related, technological innovations. While new employees must deal with highly unstable and competitive labor markets, older workers may simply lose their jobs to young replacements. Governments cope with this situation either by reducing the age for retirement (e.g., in Spain and Europe or by helping oíd people accept a second professional opportunity (e. g., in the USA.En los últimos años, son tantos los jóvenes universitarios españoles con buena formación de posgrado y el deseo de un puesto de trabajo satisfactorio que desbordan la capacidad del sistema económico de absorberlos. Las consecuencias de este desfase son diversas, pero en este trabajo se llama la atención sobre la competencia que se da entre los jóvenes empleados, que ha dado lugar a unas condiciones de trabajo leoninas en lo que respecta a horario y a estabilidad en el empleo. Estas condiciones han generado una gran presión sobre los trabajadores de mayor edad, hasta el punto de poner en peligro el mercado laboral para este sector de la población. Sin embargo, en los Estados Unidos la participación de los trabajadores entre 55 y 65 años en la población activa apenas ha descendido en los últimos quince años, lo que supone la existencia de lo que genéricamente se podría llamar «la segunda oportunidad», una opción contrapuesta a la de las prejubilaciones, que parece la opción de España y Europa.

  12. Characterization by FTIR and nuclear analytical techniques of CN{sub x} films elaborated by laser ablation; Caracterizacion por FTIR y tecnicas analiticas nucleares de peliculas de CN{sub x} elaboradas por ablacion laser

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Olea M, O.F

    2003-07-01

    At the present time the technique of deposit of laser ablation is used to produce different types of thin films. At the moment in the National Institute of Nuclear Research (ININ) it is carried out an investigation on the thermoluminescent response of thin films of CN{sub x} with possible application in dosimetry of electromagnetic radiation. Under this context, the present work is part of this investigation and has as objective to characterize thin films of CN{sub x} by means of Infrared spectrometry and nuclear analytical techniques. The deposits were elaborated by laser ablation under different such experimental conditions as: pressure of Nitrogen in the system (3 x 10{sup -3} and 7.5 X 10{sup -2} Torr), Distance target-substrate (3 and 5 cm) and density of incident energy in the target (from 17.5 up to 23.8 J/cm{sup 2}). Graphite of high purity was used like target and the deposits were made on their substrates of intrinsic silicon (100). By means of infrared spectrometry by Fourier Transform (Ftir) the type of bonds which are in the structure of the films of CN{sub x} were determined. The spectra of this type of samples present in general four characteristic bands related with different types of bonds among the elements C, O, H, N such as: C-C, C-N, C-H, N-H, O-H, C=N, C{identical_to}N, among others. It was carried out a semi quantitative study of the samples isolating each band of the total infrared spectra and making a comparison between their intensities and forms. This study allowed to observe that there is a dependence of the structure of the films with regard to the time, since mainly bonds of the type Sp{sup 3} between Hydrogen and Carbon (C-H) they presented a remarkable variation in intensity, increasing as it lapsed the time until reaching to a stabilization where the bonds already not varying. This increase probably is due to the absorption of water of the atmosphere, although one has seen in the literature that the incorporation of this compound in

  13. Evaluation of the pollution and the transport of heavy metals in the Lerma river, through nuclear analytical techniques (Second stage); Evaluacion de la contaminacion y el transporte de metales pesados en el rio Lerma, a traves de tecnicas analiticas nucleares (Segunda etapa)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Aldape U, F. [ININ, 52045 Ocoyoacac, Estado de Mexico (Mexico)

    2004-12-15

    In this stage of the investigation work, the water quality indexes, the heavy metals concentration in the dissolved phase and in the sediments of the four samplings were determined, it was determined too the texture of the one sediment and the analyses of the suspended matter of the water and the relative abundance relative of particles by scanning electron microscopy and the determination of the crystalline structures of the sediment by means of X-ray diffraction. (Author)

  14. El peligro interno y la amenaza exterior durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial reflejado en las páginas del DLPZ; El Federal; y El Pampero

    OpenAIRE

    Monacci, Laura

    2013-01-01

    Tal como lo indica el título, este artículo intentará analizar –a partir de los periódicos filofascistas de publicación local Deutsche La Plata Zeitung (DLPZ); El Pampero y El Federal- en qué consistía y quiénes conformaban las filas que representaban el peligro interno durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, que, actuando conjuntamente con potentes agentes extremos que los propiciaban, y desde las sombras, intrigaban para generar desequilibrios en la sociedad, la economía y la política poniendo e...

  15. La Asimilación de la Culpa al dolo Desde una Perspectiva Objetiva del Derecho de los Contratos: segunda parte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rodrigo Barcia L

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo desarrolla las secciones segunda y tercera, que son la continuación de un trabajo que lleva el mismo nombre y ha sido publicado en el número anterior de esta revista. La sección segunda revisa la asimilación de la culpa grave al dolo, en la responsabilidad contractual, principalmente en los siguientes supuestos: a Los contratos que benefician exclusivamente al acreedor. En ellos se sostiene la asimilación opera incluso en materia de prueba. b Los contratos que benefician exclusivamente al deudor o a ambas partes. En ellos para que opere la asimilación debe probarse la culpa grave. c Los casos en que se incumpla una obligación, producto de un engaño provocado, se asimilan al incumplimiento doloso, produciéndose un supuesto de incumplimiento doloso por conducta generadora de culpa grave. En la tercera sección se plantean las conclusiones finales de este trabajo, que recurren a una concepción objetiva del Derecho de los contratos que rehuye el fuero interno de las partes contratantes (teoría clásica o subjetiva del contrato.This article develops the second and third sections which are in fact from the work that carries the same name and has been published in the previous number of this magazine. The second section reviews the assimilation of the serious fault to intention or gross negligence in the contractual responsibility mainly on the following proposals: a The contracts that exclusively benefits the creditor. In them it is sustained that the assimilation operates including in the matter of proof. b The contracts that exclusively benefits the debtor or both parties. In this case for the assimilation to operate the serious fault must be proved. c In cases where obligation are unfulfilled due to a provoked cheating the intentional incompletion is assimilated producing a possible case of fraud incompletion of gross negligence by generating conduct of serious fault. In the third section of this work final conclusions are

  16. Contribuciones de la Inspección de primera enseñanza a la estructura pedagógico-educativa de la Segunda República española

    OpenAIRE

    Jiménez Eguizábal, J. Alfredo

    2017-01-01

    1. Introducción La Segunda República, a juzgar por la corriente de estudios de que es objeto en la actualidad, se revela como un ciclo sumamente fecundo para la sociedad española y, particularmente, para el corpus pedagógico en general por el relieve que la educación adquiere dentro del sistema social, político e, incluso, económico. La comunicación que presentamos aborda un capítulo, a nuestro modo de ver, importante y significativo, al que hasta ahora no se le había prestado la debida atenc...

  17. La segunda vuelta electoral para la elección presidencial: una propuesta para México desde la visión latinoamericana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marco Antonio Rodríguez Escobedo

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available Con el presente trabajo no pretendemos innovar, simplemente es nuestra intención poner de manifiesto que la segunda vuelta en las elecciones presidenciales otorgan legitimidad al candidato vencedor, con ello emanan dos acciones fundamentales para un gobierno: la gobernanza pacífica y la credibilidad de las instituciones por parte de la sociedad. Así, daremos cuenta de cómo en Latinoamérica esta figura jurídica en materia electoral ha dado resultados a la hora de utilizarla, es por ello que proponemos su implementación en el derecho electoral mexicano para evitar, en la medida de lo posible, la judicialización de los procesos electorales y además la denostación de las instituciones tal y como sucedió en las últimas dos elecciones presidenciales

  18. La necesidad de una teoría crítica de la modernización ante las realidades de la segunda mitad del siglo XX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    H.C.F. Mansilla

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Después del contacto permanente con la exitosa civilización occidental, los países del Tercer Mundo se han consagrado a un desarrollo acelerado en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, que ha significado el mayor cambio social en toda su historia. En general el resultado es una evolución imitativa, que es percibida, sin embargo, como algo propio y autónomo. Una teoría crítica de lamodernización es importante para analizar las luces y las sombras de esta evolución de acuerdo a un sentido común guiado críticamente.

  19. Investigation of metallic elements in remainders of firings; Investigacion de elementos metalicos en residuos de disparos

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kochmann, Sonnia; Riquelme, Ildefonso [Division Tecnicas Analiticas Nucleares, Direccion de Investigacion y Ensenanza, Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica, San Lorenzo (Paraguay); Fernandez, Myriam; Vera Planas, Nestor [Laboratorio Quimico Biologico, Departamento de Investigacion de Delitos, Direccion de Apoyo Tecnico, Policia Nacional, Asuncion (Paraguay); Insauralde, Arieal; Sanabria, Felipe [Fisicoquimica Biologica, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Nacional de Asuncion, San Lorenzo (Paraguay)

    1999-07-01

    The nuclear analysis its nondestructive characteristics of high sensibility, rapidity and specificity, offers optimal conditions for its application in forensic field, the determination of present metallic elements in the remainders of firings of, firearms like obtention of patterns that help systematic to distinguish originating remainders of other sources, like pyrotechnique devices or contamination of the labor environment, and but important, from the legal point of view, it contributes the certainty and it leaves the possibility of an expertise in a punishable fact taken to the court. [Spanish] Las tecnica analitica nuclear de espectrometria por fluorescencia de rayos X dispersiva en energia, por sus caracteristicas no destructivas de alta sencibilidad, rapidez y especificidad, brinda condiciones optimas para su aplicacion en en campo forense, en la determinacion de elementos metalicos presentes en los residuos de disparos de armas de fuego, asi como la obtension de patrones que ayuden a distinguir sistematicamente residuos provenientes de otras fuentes, como artefactos pirotecnicos o contaminacion del medio ambiente laboral, y lo mas importante, desde el punto de vista legal, aporta la certeza y deja abierta la posibilidad de una contrapericia en un hecho punible llevado a los estrados judiciales.

  20. El cambio en la política exterior de Estados Unidos que permitió el desarrollo del uso pacífico de energía nuclear en Argentina

    OpenAIRE

    Contursi Reynoso, Adrián

    2017-01-01

    Las bombas atómicas arrojadas sobre Japón no significan sólo el fin de la Segunda Guerra Mundial en 1945. También es el punto de partida para el creciente interés de los países periféricos para obtener dicha tecnología, aunque no desde un enfoque bélico sino como oportunidad de desarrollo. El presente trabajo explora el cambio de la política de cooperación estadounidense en referencia a los conocimientos sobre la energía nuclear y cómo fue la relación de Argentina con Esta...

  1. Teorías de desarrollo industrial regional y políticas de segunda y tercera generación

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    A. H. J. Helmsing

    1999-09-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo observa cambios sustanciales en las bases conceptuales de políticas de desarrollo industrial regional. Presenta una división entre varias generaciones de políticas. La `primera generación' de políticas regionales se basó en la importancia de factores exógenos de crecimiento. La `segunda generación' de políticas se focalizó en los factores endógenos locales. Desde la mitad de los años ochenta la base teórica que sustenta estas políticas recibió impulsos fuertes de nuevos puntos de vista derivados de la nueva literatura sobre `especialización flexible' y distritos industriales. Se está formando una nueva y `tercera generación' de políticas que va más allá del crecimiento endógeno y que busca superar la separación entre políticas endógenas y exógenas. Aquí se presenta una revisión de las contribuciones a la teoría del desarrollo industrial regional que sustentan las políticas de segunda y tercera generación y una clasificación entre teorías macrorregionales y aquellas basadas en un enfoque de organización industrial. Esta revisión incluye un número selectivo de estudios de casos de Europa y América LatinaThis article observes that the conceptual bases for regional industrial policies has been undergoing substantial changes. A distinction is made between several generations of policies. The `first generation' of regional policies was based on the importance of exogenous growth factors. The `second generation' of policies focussed on local endogenous factors. The theoretical base supporting these policies received strong impulses since the mid-80s from new insights derived from flexible specialization and industrial districts literature. A new and `third generation' of policies is emerging that goes beyond endogenous growth, and seeks to superceed the division between exogenous and endogenously oriented policies. The analysis of growth and competitiveness has moved from the firm itself, and clusters

  2. Mujeres en guerra: la imagen de la mujer italiana en los noticiarios Luce durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial (1940-1945

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    Carlota Coronado Ruiz

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Desde que Italia entró en la Segunda Guerra Mundial, el noticiario cinematográfico Luce (el principal instrumento de propaganda del fascismo tuvo como prioridad mostrar la guerra: se presentaba una Italia victoriosa y un Mussolini aclamado por las masas. En este contexto, la imagen que se ofrecía de la retaguardia y de las mujeres involucradas en la guerra resultaba muy importante para la construcción de una imagen audiovisual positiva de aquélla. Así, en este estudio se analizan los noticiarios cinematográficos en los que aparece la mujer italiana y cómo fue su participación en la guerra: desde las mujeres fascistas militarizadas, a las trabajadoras que reemplazaban a los hombres en las industrias bélicas; desde las labores sociales que llevaron a cabo, a la vida cotidiana que padecieron, marcada por el racionamiento y los hogares destruidos.

  3. The Management of Nuclear Materials in a Research Establishment; Gestion des Matieres Nucleaires dans un Centre de Recherche; Uchet yadernykh materialov v nauchno-issledovatel'skom uchrezhdenii; Administracion de Sustancias Nucleares en un Centro de Investigaciones

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Wright, W. J.; Hocking, D. R. [Australian Atomic Energy Commission Research Establishment, Lucas Heights, NSW (Australia)

    1966-02-15

    The functions of a nuclear materials management scheme are reviewed in relation to the activities of research establishments. Since these activities are normally non-repetitive, there is little opportunity to establish statistical quality and quantity control. The risks of an error in the material accounts must therefore be established from relatively few analytical measurements and the implications of this are discussed. Similar arguments are applied to illustrate the difficulties of quality control on suppliers when a large variety of materials are being purchased in small quantities. (author) [French] Les auteurs examinent le role d'un systeme de gestion des matieres nucleaires applique aux activites des centres de recherche. Comme ces activites ne sont normalement pas appelees a se repeter, il n'est guere possible d'organiser un controle statistique quantitatif et qualitatif. Il faut donc determiner les possibilites d'erreurs dans la comptabilite matieres en s'appuyant sur un nombre relativement restreint de mesures analytiques et les auteurs examinent les conclusions a tirer de cette situation. Ils recourent a une argumentation analogue pour illustrer les difficultes inherentes au controle de la qualite des matieres livrees par les fournisseurs lorsqu'il doit porter sur une grande diversite de matieres en petites quantites. (author) [Spanish] Los autores examinan el funcionamiento de un sistema de administracion de materiales nucleares en relacion con las actividades de los centros de investigaciones. Como estas actividades son por lo comun muy diversas, hay pocas oportunidades de establecer un control estadistico de la calidad y la cantidad. Por ello es necesario determinar los riesgos de error en la contabilidad de los materiales partiendo de un numero relativamente reducido de mediciones analiticas; en la memoria se examinan las consecuencias de este hecho. Los autores aplican razonamientos analogos para poner de manifiesto las dificultades con que, en el

  4. Comparison of Two Independent Mapping Exercises in the Primeiras and Segundas Archipelago, Mozambique

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    Luisa Teixeira

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Production of coral reef habitat maps from high spatial resolution multispectral imagery is common practice and benefits from standardized accuracy assessment methods and many informative studies on the merits of different processing algorithms. However, few studies consider the full production workflow, including factors such as operator influence, visual interpretation and a-priori knowledge. An end-user might justifiably ask: Given the same imagery and field data, how consistent would two independent production efforts be? This paper is a post-study analysis of a project in which two teams of researchers independently produced maps of six coral reef systems of the archipelago of the Primeiras and Segundas Environmental Protected Area (PSEPA, Mozambique. Both teams used the same imagery and field data, but applied different approaches—pixel based vs. object based image analysis—and used independently developed classification schemes. The results offer a unique perspective on the map production process. Both efforts resulted in similar merged classes accuracies, averaging at 63% and 64%, but the maps were distinct in terms of scale of spatial patterns, classification disparities, and in other aspects where the mapping process is reliant on visual interpretation. Despite the difficulty in aligning the classification schemes clear patterns of correspondence and discrepancy were identified. The maps were consistent with respect to geomorphological level mapping (17 out of 30 paired comparisons at more than 75% agreement, and also agreed in the extent of coral containing areas within a difference of 16% across the archipelago. However, more detailed benthic habitat level classes were inconsistent. Mapping of deep benthic cover was the most subjective result and dependent on operator visual interpretation, yet this was one of the results of highest interest for the PSEPA management since it revealed a continuity of benthos between the islands

  5. Conflictos en torno a la Provisión y pago de salarios de las pavordías de la Universidad de Valencia durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVII

    OpenAIRE

    Felipo Orts, Amparo

    2002-01-01

    Este artículo analiza las causas que influyeron en la dificultad de dotar las pavordías de la Universidad de Valencia en la segunda mitad del seiscientos. Los incrementos salariales de los pavordes, los gastos provocados por los continuos pleitos con los canónigos, la disminución de la renta de la pavordía, la reclamación por la Cámara Apostólica de los quindenios correspondientes y el desacuerdo entre la Ciudad y los pavordes respecto al estado de las cuentas se conjugar...

  6. Deporte: política identitaria y subalternidad etnografía virtual en torno a las gestas deportivas durante la segunda vuelta de las elecciones presidenciales 2014 en Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    Bernal Suárez, Juan David

    2014-01-01

    Esta investigación se ocupa del deporte moderno en el marco de la política identitaria, la identidad nacional y la subalternidad. Se examina al deporte como espacio de inclusión del actor subalterno y la lucha del mismo por su identidad. El caso de estudio se refiere a la segunda vuelta de las elecciones presidenciales en Colombia frente a dos hechos deportivos históricos: la coronación de Nairo Quintana en el Giro de Italia 2014 y el debut de la selección nacional de fútbol en la Copa Mundia...

  7. Panorama general de las llamadas «políticas de segunda oportunidad» para las pequeñas y medianas empresas

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    Javier Larena Beldarrain

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Las pequeñas empresas son, sin duda alguna, las que de manera más intensa están padeciendo las consecuencias negativas de la crisis económica actual. El concepto de «fresh start» o «segunda oportunidad del concursado», alude al conjunto de mecanismos o instituciones cuyo objetivo fundamental es conseguir que, si se dan ciertos requisitos, pueda llevar a cabo nuevamente una participación efectiva en el tráfico jurídico, en condiciones de igualdad con los restantes intervinientes en el mercado. Resulta evidente que la a concepción actual del concurso ejerce un efecto claramente desincentivador del espíritu emprendedor. Esta es la razón fundamental que justifica la escasa utilización del mismo como cauce para dar respuesta a las dificultades financieras de las empresas.Recibido: 02.06.2014Aceptado: 12.09.2014

  8. HENRY CHARLES LEA Y SU RED DE COLABORADORES LATINOAMERICANOS: RAZONES PARA ESTUDIAR EL SANTO OFICIO EN LA SEGUNDA MITAD DEL SIGLO XIX

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    Doris Moreno

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Se aborda en este artículo la vida y pensamiento de Henry Charles Lea en relación a sus estudios sobre la historia de la Inquisición española. Se esboza brevemente la red de colaboradores que Lea estableció en toda Latinoamérica así como su perfil político e intelectual, subrayando su importancia para la escritura de la obra The Inquisition in the Spanish Dependencies (1908. Finalmente, se plantean los motivos que llevaron a estos intelectuales a colaborar intensamente con el historiador norteamericano en el marco de los procesos de construcción de identidades sociales y políticas en Latinoamérica en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Se toma como eje conductor de este planteamiento la correspondencia de Juan María Gutiérrez con Henry Charles Lea.

  9. Jaundice in second intention wound healing in rats Icterícia na cicatrização por segunda intenção em ratos

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    Maria de Lourdes Pessole Biondo-Simões

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available PURPOSE: The objective of the present study was to monitor the process of second intention skin wound healing in rats with jaundice. METHODS: The study was divided into two steps. In the first, obstructive jaundice was induced in 68 male rats to investigate the biochemical changes and to determine the ideal time for the study of healing. In the second step, 54 rats were divided into two groups: control (normal and experimental (jaundiced. Seventy-two hours after jaundice induction, a standardized wound was produced in the dorsum by removing the skin and the subcutaneous net, whose contraction was assessed on the 3rd, 7th, 10th and 14th day and monitored with a computer program. After sacrifice, the tissue was submitted to histopathologic analysis. RESULTS: The most marked biochemical changes were detected between the 3rd and 5th day. The reduction of he wound area was slower in the jaundice group at all 4 time points studied (p3=0.0366, p7=0.0054, p10=0.0000. p14=0.0000. Collagen concentration was lower in the wound of jaundiced animals (p3=0.0000. p7=0.0000. p14=0.0000. CONCLUSION: Jaundice delays collagen deposition and maturation and wound contraction in wounds left to heal by second intention wound healing in rats.OBJETIVO: O objetivo do presente estudo foi monitorar o processo de cicatrização, por segunda intenção em ratos com icterícia. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi dividido em 2 etapas. Na primeira, icterícia obstrutiva foi induzida em 68 ratos machos para investigação das mudanças bioquímicas e para determinação do momento ideal para o estudo da cicatrização. Na segunda etapa, 54 ratos foram divididos em dois grupos: controle (normal e experimental (ictérico.Setenta e duas horas após a indução da icterícia, uma lesão padrão foi produzida na região dorsal dos animais com a remoção da pele e da tela subcutânea. A contração da ferida foi mensurada no 3.º, 7.º, 10.º e 14.º dia e monitorada com programa computadorizado

  10. La ciudad herida: Siete ejemplos paradigmáticos de rehabilitación urbana en la segunda mitad del siglo XX

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    Francisco Segado-Vázquez

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available En la historia del urbanismo, la segunda mitad del siglo XX marca un punto de inflexión. Los métodos de desarrollo urbano aplicados hasta la fecha ya no consiguen dar respuesta a los problemas surgidos en el corazón de las ciudades: guetos, inseguridad o delincuencia. Resulta necesario buscar nuevos métodos para la recuperación del pulso vital de nuestros barrios. Kreuzberg en Berlín, el centro histórico de Bolonia, Le Marais en París, Fener y Balat en Estambul, Molenbeek en Bruselas, Mouraria en Lisboa y Lavapiés en Madrid se han convertido en ejemplos paradigmáticos de la nueva idea de rehabilitación urbana. La diversidad social, que evita la creación de guetos; la calidad de los espacios públicos, que favorece las relaciones interpersonales; y la salvaguarda, que mantiene y fortalece la imagen que tenemos de nuestro entorno urbano, se convierten en conceptos necesarios para recuperar nuestra "ciudad herida".

  11. DE LA PRIMERA A LA SEGUNDA GENERACION DE REFORMAS DEL ESTADO EN AMERICA LATINA: GIRO IDEOLOGICO Y CAMBIO CONCEPTUAL

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    García Chourio José Guillermo

    2003-08-01

    Full Text Available

    García Chourio, José Guillermo. "De la Primera a la Segunda Generacion de Reformas del Estado en America Latina: Giro Ideologico y Cambio Conceptual", Cuadernos de Economía, V. XXII, n. 38, Bogota, 2003, paginas 95-125.

    Este trabajo explora la orientacion ideologica y conceptual que ha guiado el proceso de reformas economicas en America Latina, diferenciando la puesta en marcha de las medidas en dos generaciones. Partimos de la idea de que la transicion entre  generaciones  obedece a las reformas iniciales, producto de las experiencias del fracaso y oposicion que han tenido los ajustes. Se concluye que existio un giro conceptual, expresado por el paso del enfoque de las expectativas racionales, el cual sustento una politica de choques externos mediante medidas de ajuste y de reduccion del estado para disciplinar a los agentes economicos, al enfoque neoinstitucional, que concibe las reformas como un proceso de creacion de instituciones acordes para el buen funcionamiento del mercado, reconociendose ahora al Estado como mecanismo basico para reducir los costos de transaccion de dichos agentes en el mercado.

  12. Eficacia del alfabeto lloje yupanki en la enseñanza – aprendizaje del quechua como segunda lengua en el I.S.P.P. Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera de Moquegua – 2011

    OpenAIRE

    Gutiérrez Castro, Franklin

    2015-01-01

    La investigación titulada EFICACIA DEL ALFABETO LLOJE YUPANKI EN LA ENSEÑANZA – APRENDIZAJE DEL QUECHUA COMO SEGUNDA LENGUA EN EL I.S.P.P. MERCEDES CABELLO DE CARBONERA DE MOQUEGUA – 2011da a conocer la experiencia educativa realizada en esta institución en el año 2008, durante los meses de setiembre y octubre. Con un total de ochenta horas pedagógicas: dos horas diarias. El objetivo es demostrar que el Alfabeto Lloje Yupanki es eficaz para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del quechua co...

  13. El Buen Pastor y la Monarquía Católica en la segunda mitad del siglo XVII

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    Iván Sánchez Llanes

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available En los siglos XVII y XVIII hay muchas maneras en las que se conceptualiza la relación entre el rey y la comunidad de vasallos, cada una de las cuales muestra algunos aspectos particulares de la teoría y metodología de la praxis del poder político. En este artículo, vamos a explorar la imagen del «Buen pastor» en la monarquía católica en la segunda mitad del siglo XVII y los modos en que apunta una nueva percepción de los deberes y obligaciones que vinculan al rey y su reino.In the XVI and XVII centuries, there are several ways in which the relationship between the king and the community of the vassals is conceptualized, everyone of them showing some particular aspects of the theoretical and methodological praxis of the political power. In this article, we are going to explore the image of the «Good shepherd» in the Catholic monarchy in the second half of the XVII century and the ways in which it points out a new perception of the duties and obligations that links the king and its kingdom.

  14. Sociales Gestión estratégica neoinstitucional:Caso Telecom ¿Regulación de segunda generación para beneficio del mercado abierto?

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    Carlos Eduardo Martínez Fajardo

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available Desde una perspectiva neoinstitucional, en este artículo se analizan críticamente estrategias y políticas internacionales derivadas del enfoque New Public Management y su aplicación en las reformas administrativas de segunda generación realizadas en América Latina durante la última década. En particular se estudia la gestión estratégica de la empresa colombiana Telecom para evaluar la crisis que la llevó a su liquidación. También se examinan las limitaciones de la nueva empresa Colombia de Telecomunicaciones S.A. ESP, Telecom, estimando las implicaciones del comportamiento dinámico del sector telecomunicaciones. Finalmente el artículo propone estrategias clave y pautas de organización para la consolidación y competitividad de la nueva empresa.

  15. Profesores franquistas, antifranquistas y en la "zona gris". La guerra ideológica que vivieron los profesores de Segunda Enseñanza en el País Valenciano (1936-1950)

    OpenAIRE

    Ibáñez Tarín, Margarita

    2017-01-01

    El objeto de estudio en la presente tesis se ha centrado en analizar si realmente fue el franquismo el régimen dictatorial que desarrolló una política represiva de mayor envergadura en la Segunda Enseñanza en comparación con las otras dos dictaduras del sur de Europa: Portugal e Italia. La limpieza política de docentes en España no fue un hecho aislado y excepcional, el mismo combate ideológico, ya se venía fraguando en Europa desde la Primera Guerra Mundial entre antiilustrados e ilustrad...

  16. Parricidios en el Juzgado del Crimen del Rosario en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX : Historias de vida, sentencias y atenuantes

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    Carolina Andrea Piazzi

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available ¿Cómo se juzgaron los casos de parricidios en el Juzgado del Crimen del Rosario durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX? ¿De qué manera se probaron las condenas? ¿Qué circunstancias determinaron una reducción de la pena? ¿Qué nos dicen los expedientes sobre las formas de vivir y de judicializar esas muertes trágicas? El estudio de estos hechos criminales judicializados en la 2ª Circunscripción Judicial de la provincia de Santa Fe revela que, si bien la condena establecida por ley era la pena de muerte, en la mayoría de los casos existió algún elemento procesal o se consideró alguna circunstancia que determinó una reducción, o absolución, de esta condena. Esto fue un rasgo importante en la definición de la práctica judicial en el proceso de profesionalización de la justicia conocido por la sociedad rosarina del siglo XIX.

  17. ATACAMA, DE LA CRISIS TEMPORAL A LA CRISIS PERMANENTE. LA MINERÍA DEL COBRE EN LA SEGUNDA MITAD DEL SIGLO XIX

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    Hernán Venegas Valdebenito

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available La provincia de Atacama constituyó uno de los escenarios de transformación económica más dinámicos del siglo XIX. En ese marco este trabajo sintetiza las transformaciones operadas en la industria minera del cobre en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, centrando su enfoque sobre los factores de inestabilidad generados por los ciclos cortos de recesión económica y la sensibilidad de los productores locales frente a los cambios operados en el mercado internacional. Al mismo tiempo, se analiza la posición del gremio minero en algunas de esas coyunturas negativas y su particular visión en torno a los problemas relativos al mercado laboral, a las dificultades de transporte, la competencia externa y la política tributaria aplicada por el Estado chileno. El trabajo enfatiza la distinta intensidad con que se manifiestan estos ciclos recesivos entre los actores productivos locales, lo que a su vez profundiza los procesos de diferenciación económica en aquella región minera.

  18. Editoriale

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    Egidio Pozzi

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Questo numero di Analitica presenta un articolo di Alessandro Bratus proposto al Settimo Convegno di Analisi e Teoria Musicale tenuto all’Istituto Musicale Pareggiato “L. Lettimi” di Rimini nel novembre del 2009 e una riflessione del Presidente del GATM, Mario Baroni, sul recente VII European Music Analysis Conference (EuroMac 2011 che si è svolto a Roma tra il 29 settembre e il 2 ottobre 2011.

  19. Gender identities and left-wing political culture in twentieth-century Spain | Identidades de género y culturas políticas en la Segunda República

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Aguado

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available This article explores the relationship between political culture, female citizenship and gender identities, and more specifically, the shaping of particular gender identities linked to republican political culture and made possible by the political and legislative framework of the Second Republic. With the attainment of female citizenship in the Constitution of 1931, the new context made it possible for a new gender identity to develop. The political activism of women in Valencia during the Second Republic shows how women’s organizations which emerged from within republican political parties encouraged the participation of women in the public sphere. Republican women linked to the Autonomist Republican Union Party (Partido de Unión Republicana Autonomista or P.U.R.A. began to set up Republican Women’s Groups, many of whose members would subsequently constitute the Antifascist Women’s Group. | Este artículo plantea un análisis de la relación entre culturas políticas, ciudadanía femenina e identidades de género. Concretamente, la formación de unas específicas identidades de género vinculadas a las culturas políticas republicanas, posibilitadas por el marco político y legislativo de la Segunda República. Junto con la consecución de la ciudadanía femenina con la Constitución de 1931, el nuevo contexto significó la condición de posibilidad para el desarrollo de una específica identidad de género. El activismo político de las mujeres en la Valencia de la Segunda República muestra cómo las organizaciones femeninas surgidas dentro de los partidos políticos republicanos fomentaron la participación de las mujeres en el espacio público. Las mujeres republicanas vinculadas al Partido de Unión Republicana Autonomista P.U.R.A. comenzaron a articular Agrupaciones Femeninas Republicanas, cuyas bases nutrirían en buena parte, posteriormente, la implantación de la Agrupación de Mujeres Antifascistas.

  20. Aproximación al perfil melódico de la interlengua de anglófonos que hablan español como segunda lengua

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    Arturo José Muñoz Duarte

    2014-11-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo piloto investigamos la interlengua de anglófonos que hablan español como segunda lengua en sus emisiones de enunciados neutros, interrogativos, enfáticos y suspendidos para establecer sus patrones melódicos en habla espontánea. Este análisis realizado fue tanto desde un punto de vista fonético como también fonológico. Pretendemos entonces abrir una línea de investigación de la entonación de interlengua de estos hablantes. Para tal propósito utilizamos como base metodológica el modelo del análisis melódico del habla (amh propuesto por el laboratorio de fonética aplicada de la Universidad de Barcelona. Así pues se pudo observar que los patrones melódicos de nuestros informantes difieren de manera sustancial de los patrones melódicos del español peninsular.

  1. La imagen de la humanidad antediluviana en los manuales utilizados en la segunda enseñanza española (1845-1900 = The antediluvian humankind imag in the textbooks used in Spanish Secondary Education (1845-1900

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Antonio Martos Romero

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available Se analiza la introducción de contenidos relacionados con la aceptación de la antigüedad del hombre en los manuales de Historia e Historia Natural utilizados en la segunda enseñanza española en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Se presta atención a aquellos textos que muestran una actitud de recelo hacia la Prehistoria y de rechazo hacia la aplicación de las teorías transformistas al origen dela humanidad. Se comprueba que estas posiciones son más radicales y frecuentes entre los manuales de Historia. Por último, se valoran las alternativas que estos manuales emplean para seguir manteniendo una explicación no prehistórica del pasado.The introduction to contents related to the acceptance of the Fossil Man in the History and Natural History textbooks used in the Spanish Secondary Education during the second half of the 19th Century is analysed in this paper. Special attention is paid to those texts which show mistrust towards Prehistory and rejection to the application of the transmutation theories to the origin of humankind. It is proved that those positions are more radical and frequent in the History textbooks. Finally, the alternatives used by these textbooks in order to adhere to a non-prehistoric explanation of the past are assessed. 

  2. Identidade de gênero: a representação da mulher na Revista Vida e Saúde durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial (1940-1945

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    Débora Maria Soares

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo a análise da representação da mulher adventista durante os anos da Segunda Guerra Mundial (1940-1945 na Revista Vida e Saúde, período destacado por intensas mudanças sociais e mundiais. Pela diversidade de assuntos retratados sobre o universo feminino, destaca-se a seçãoPágina da Dona de Casa que aborda a atuação feminina na relação mãe-esposadona de casa além de constituir-se um relato das práticas domésticas da metade do século XX. A linha editorial do periódico é embasada na cosmovisão da denominação dentro de um projeto proselitista o que nos permite analisar o ideal feminino adventista para a sociedade.

  3. Dilemas da cooperação: conflitos gerados pela política das "Listas Negras" no Brasil durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial Dilemmas of cooperation: the conflicts provoked by the policy of "Black Lists" in Brazil during World War II

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    Tania Quintaneiro

    2006-12-01

    Full Text Available No artigo são analisados os conflitos políticos gerados pela implementação das "Listas Negras" norte-americanas entre órgãos estatais e interesses privados no Brasil durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial.The article analyses the political conflicts caused by the implementation of American Black Lists between State agencies and private interests in Brazil during World War II.

  4. Futebol entre duas telas: uma análise da segunda tela durante a Copa das Confederações = Football between two screens: an analysis of the second screen during the Confederations Cup

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pase, André Fagundes

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Durante a Copa das Confederações de 2013, emissoras de TV utilizaram caminhos alternativos para estimular o uso da interatividade nas transmissões. De maneira diferente da observada no projeto da TV Digital aberta brasileira, acabam por valorizar caminhos já utilizados pela audiência, bem como ressaltam as características de ambos os meios – TV e dispositivos portáteis – de forma que um completa o outro em uma experiência que valoriza o papel da TV. Este artigo observa como isso foi utilizado pela Bandeirantes com o aplicativo Segunda Tela da Band

  5. OS CUIDADOS COM A SAÚDE E A CARIDADE: A CONSTRUÇÃO E O COTIDIANO DO HOSPITAL PEDRO II NA CIDADE DO RECIFE DURANTE A SEGUNDA METADE DO SÉCULO XIX

    OpenAIRE

    Carlos Alberto Cunha Miranda

    2013-01-01

    Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o cotidiano do Hospital Pedro II na segunda metade do século XIX, na cidade do Recife. Dependente das ações da Santa Casa de Misericórdia, o nosocômio será caracterizado por tensões entre a caridade e as atividades dos médicos. Através do isolamento dos pacientes, submetidos a um rígido controle imposto pelas Irmãs de Caridade, fica evidente um tenso relacionamento entre eles, as religiosas e o corpo médico. Chamarei atenção...

  6. Factores que inciden en el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje del español como segunda lengua (L2, segundo grado, escuela “Santo Tomás de Umbra”, segundo semestre del año 2007.

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    Leandro Pekitle Pedro

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available La temática se fundamenta en los factores que inciden en el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje del español como segunda lengua (L2, segundo grado de Educación Primaria, escuelabilingüe en la comunidad: “Santo Tomás de Umbra”, segundo semestre del 2007. Asimismo, identifica los factores socioeconómicos que influyen para que la niñez aprenda hablar elespañol durante su escolaridad. La metodología aplicada fue participativa, activa e interactiva entre los investigadores y los participantes en la investigación (la comunidad dado el enfoque etnográfico de la investigación, se aplicaron instrumentos como guías de entrevistas semi - estructuradas y grupos focales para madres y padres de familia, estudiantes, docentes, directores de la comunidad.Los resultados reflejan diversas situaciones que dificultan que la niñez aprenda a hablar el español como segunda lengua para la socialización y necesidades de comunicación con otras personas, destacando el factor pedagógico, la ausencia de capacitaciones, el desconocimiento y aplicación de metodologías pertinentes para la enseñanza de segunda lengua por parte de la maestra. Entre las conclusiones es que uno de los mayores problemas que incide de forma negativa en el aprendizaje del español, es la no aplicación de una metodología pertinente y el desconocimiento de las habilidades lingüísticas para que la niñez pueda ampliar su repertorio verbal para diversos fines. Así como la poca práctica del español por parte de la niñez en la comunidad. Por lo cual se recomienda a las instancias correspondientes como el MINED- PEBI, tomar cartas en el asunto para brindar mayor atención a los docentes de la comunidad, en materia de capacitación y especialmente en aplicación de metodologías para enseñanza del español y conocimientos básicos sobre lingüística.

  7. Lepra y sociedad en la España de la primera mitad del siglo XX: la Colonia Sanatorio de Fontilles (1908-1932) y su proceso de intervención por la Segunda República

    OpenAIRE

    Bernabeu Mestre, Josep; Ballester Artigues, Teresa

    1991-01-01

    La investigación analiza el proceso de intervención de la Leprosería de Fontilles llevado a cabo por la Segunda República en 1932. En una primera parte se exponen las bases institucionales y asistenciales que, caracterizaban a la Colonia Sanatorio de Fontilles en su primera etapa (1908-1932), para estudiar a continuación las razones que condujeron a las autoridades sanitarias del Nuevo Estado a decidir la incautación, y las consecuencias y reacciones científicas, sociales y políticas que aque...

  8. Incidencias Lingüísticas en la Enseñanza del Español como Segunda Lengua

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    María Victoria Martínez

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available El propósito fue contribuir el mejoramiento de la calidad educativa en el aula de clases en Educación Primaria, a fin de mejorar el aprendizaje de la L2.Se reflexionó sobre la atención metodológica de la L2. y el resultado fue una propuesta en la calidad de la metodología utilizada por los docentes de tercer grado, en la contribucióna la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (EIB, que conlleve a una aplicación acertada del modelo: Sistema Educativo Autonómico Regional (SEAR.La propuesta consta de 5 partes: Recomendaciones generales, cualidades de los docentes de segundas lenguas, importancia de un método para enseñar L2, pasos en la enseñanza de castellano oral y algunas estrategias metodológicas.Se aplicaron guías de entrevistas abiertas y cerradas al director de la escuela, al coordinador del Programa de Educación Bilingüe  Intercultural (PEBI, a la docente de aula y a los niños de 3ero “A” de la Escuela “Corazón del Muelle” primer semestre 2008.Entre los hallazgos se destacó que la motivación hacia el aprendizaje de la L2 no es atendida adecuadamente, utiliza el Miskito o sea L1, para que los estudiantes comprendan lo queles dijo en L2, dándose así un proceso de creación bilingüe disfuncional.

  9. Produção de Madeira de Progênies de Segunda Geração de Grevílea na Região de Avaré, SP Second Generation Half-sib Progenies Wood Production of Grevillea in the Region of Avaré - SP

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    Emerson Gonçalves Martins

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available

    A grevílea (Grevillea robusta A. Cunn é uma espécie utilizada para o sombreamento de cafezais e de outras culturas agrícolas, áreas de pastagens e apicultura, paisagismo e como cortina quebra- ventos. Sua madeira também é utilizada para desdobro, em serrarias. Um teste com 28 progênies de meios-irmãos de segunda geração foi instalado no Município de Avaré, São Paulo. O objetivo principal foi avaliar e selecionar o material genético mais produtivo em volume de madeira. Dados de altura e diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP foram coletados na área experimental, na idade de três anos. Baseando-se nos dados estimados de volume cilíndrico com casca, as seguintes conclusões foram obtidas: em Avaré, SP, a progênie de segunda geração mais produtiva e com maior taxa de sobrevivência pertencente à procedência australiana de Boyd River (NSW. A progênie de segunda geração mais produtiva, em termos de volume cilíndrico de madeira com casca, foi 138 % superior à media geral do teste. Considerando o valor médio de volume de madeira para apenas as doze progênies de segunda geração mais produtivas, foi possível observar um aumento de 32 % em relação à média geral do experimento. 
    The Grevillea robusta A. Cunn is utilized for coffee plantation shading, crops growing and pasture shading, apiculture, ornamentation and wind breaks. It is also used to produce sawn wood. One test of 28 second generation half-sib progenies was planted in Forestry Institute of São Paulo, with 20°03’S latitude and 48°54’W logitude geographic coordenates and 630m of altitude. The main objectives of this paper were to select genetic material capable to produce more volume of wood. The total heigth and diameter at breast height (DBH were measured on the three yars old second generation half-sib progenies test. The volume was calculated and the results led to the following conclusion: The best

  10. Os inibidores de tirosino quinase de segunda geração The inhibitors of tyrosine kinase

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    Márcia T. Delamain

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available O imatinibe tem sido confirmado como terapia de primeira linha para a Leucemia Mielóide Crônica (LMC por apresentar respostas duradouras na maior parte dos pacientes, principalmente nos que se encontram em fase precoce da doença. Entretanto, resistência ou intolerância ao imatinibe podem ocorrer. A resistência ao imatinibe ocorre com muito mais freqüência em fases mais avançadas da doença, sendo a causa mais comum o desenvolvimento de mutações no sítio BCR-ABL. Em face deste problema, novos inibidores de tirosino quinase têm sido desenvolvidos, com maior potência, diminuindo assim a chance de desenvolvimento de resistência ao tratamento. O nilotinibe e o dasatinibe são dois exemplos de inibidores de segunda geração de tirosino quinase recentemente aprovados. Ambos têm demonstrado excelentes resultados em pacientes que desenvolvem resistência ou são intolerantes ao imatinibe.Despite the success with imatinib as the first choice treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML, there is still a subset of patients that do not respond optimally to or are intolerant of this drug or lose response. Imatinib resistance can occur at any phase, but it is more frequent in advanced phases, with mutations in the BCR-ABL kinase domain being the most common mechanism of resistance. More potent tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been developed that can overcome resistance to imatinib. Nilotinib and dasatinib are good examples of new tyrosine kinase inhibitors that are available. With these new agents, patients who develop imatinib resistance or those unable to tolerate imatinib treatment can achieve significant clinical responses.

  11. A ESPANHA NA DIPLOMACIA COMERCIAL PORTUGUESA NA SEGUNDA METADE DO SÉC. XIX E O TRATADO DE COMÉRCIO E NAVEGAÇÃO DE 1893

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    Teresa NUNES

    2017-08-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO Este artigo analisa a diplomacia comercial portuguesa face à Espanha, no decurso da segunda metade do séc. XIX. Pretende, especialmente, acompanhar as várias negociações comerciais desenvolvidas entre os países ibéricos, nas décadas de 1860, 70, 80 e 90, as quais culminaram na celebração do tratado de comércio e navegação de 1893. Procura, igualmente, avaliar as tendências políticas nacionais sobre os aspectos positivos e negativos associados ao fortalecimento das ligações econômicas com a Espanha. Neste exercício, é possível identificar um papel renovado da Espanha na geopolítica portuguesa, como nas perspectivas de crescimento econômico subsequentes ao Ultimatum (1890 e à denúncia dos tratados de comércio e navegação celebrados com a Inglaterra (1842/1878.

  12. A serviço da pátria: a mobilização das enfermeiras no Brasil durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial

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    Cytrynowicz Roney

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available O envio de 73 enfermeiras junto à Força Expedicionária Brasileira (FEB e à Força Aérea Brasileira (FAB para servir na Itália, em 1944, durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, é relacionado às políticas do governo Vargas de mobilização da população civil e de montagem de um front interno. O Estado Novo e a guerra foram importantes para a afirmação da enfermagem ?moderna?, conforme o sistema Nightingale, inclusive como modelo profissional para as mulheres de classe média. A enfermagem permitiu ao Estado engendrar uma de suas mais persuasivas imagens: a da pátria-mãe, que estendia os cuidados maternos à frente de batalha, tornando a guerra uma experiência coletiva que deveria unir todos os homens e mulheres, todos os brasileiros, sem quaisquer estratificações sociais. Esta ação de constituição do front interno conjugava mobilização para a guerra e adesão política das classes médias ao Estado Novo.

  13. La familia católica obrera durante la Segunda República : el Círculo Católico de Obreros de Burgos

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    Rafael Ibáñez Hernández

    1997-01-01

    Full Text Available El Circulo Católico de Obreros de Burgos, la principal institución del movimiento social católico en la ciudad, alcanza su quincuagésimo aniversario durante el período de la Segunda república con las mismas estructuras definidas en la Restauración. La inmunidad de la ciudad de Burgos a las sacudidas sociales y ala conflictividad sindical del período, así como el peso de los patronos y de la jerarquía eclesiástica en estas estructuras, impedirán el crecimiento del Círculo, supuestamente apolítico, y de los sindicatos católicos, supuestamente aconfesionales.The Catholic Workers Cicle of Burgos, the principal institutíon of the catholic social movement in the town, reached its fiftieth anniversary during the period of the Second republic with the same organizational structures defined in the Restauration time. The inmunity of Burgos to the social upheavals and to the trade-unionist conflict ot the period, as well as the weigth of the employers and the ecclesiastic hierarchy in these structures, wíl prevent the growth of the Circle, purportedly apolitical, and the Catholic Uníons, formally aconfessional.

  14. Transformações da ordem econômica mundial, do final do século 19 à Segunda Guerra Mundial

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    Paulo Roberto de Almeida

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Ensaio de caráter histórico sobre as grandes mudanças ocorridas na economia mundial, da belle époque a Bretton Woods, enfatizando elementos de continuidade e de ruptura, tanto no plano do comércio, como no das finanças internacionais, bem como aspectos institucionais. Dentre os primeiros elementos se situam a permanência de um mesmo grupo de nações de economia avançada no pelotão das potências dominantes que formulam e determinam a agenda política internacional, bem como a importância do poderio tecnológico e industrial para apoiar a projeção estratégica e militar dessas potências; dentre as rupturas podem ser citadas a derrota dos emergentes, em especial Japão e Alemanha, que desafiaram a ordem política e econômica mundial mediante tentativas de projeção imperial que destoavam dos esforços de interdependência global que estavam sendo construídos pelas principais economias de mercado, todas de orientação política liberal democrática. A outra potência emergente no período, a União Soviética, foi relativamente marginal economicamente no período e só projetaria poder, verdadeiramente, no final da Segunda Guerra Mundial.

  15. Nuclear law - Nuclear safety

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pontier, Jean-Marie; Roux, Emmanuel; Leger, Marc; Deguergue, Maryse; Vallar, Christian; Pissaloux, Jean-Luc; Bernie-Boissard, Catherine; Thireau, Veronique; Takahashi, Nobuyuki; Spencer, Mary; Zhang, Li; Park, Kyun Sung; Artus, J.C.

    2012-01-01

    This book contains the contributions presented during a one-day seminar. The authors propose a framework for a legal approach to nuclear safety, a discussion of the 2009/71/EURATOM directive which establishes a European framework for nuclear safety in nuclear installations, a comment on nuclear safety and environmental governance, a discussion of the relationship between citizenship and nuclear, some thoughts about the Nuclear Safety Authority, an overview of the situation regarding the safety in nuclear waste burying, a comment on the Nome law with respect to electricity price and nuclear safety, a comment on the legal consequences of the Fukushima accident on nuclear safety in the Japanese law, a presentation of the USA nuclear regulation, an overview of nuclear safety in China, and a discussion of nuclear safety in the medical sector

  16. À margem da segunda escravidão? A dinâmica da escravidão no vale amazônico nos quadros da economia-mundo capitalista

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    Daniel Souza Barroso

    Full Text Available Resumo: Não é incomum, na historiografia brasileira, a percepção da formação econômica e social da Amazônia como espaço no qual uma economia escravista de base agrícola não chegou a se estabelecer. Embora tal noção venha sendo desconstruída por diversos estudos produzidos ao longo das últimas décadas, que evidenciaram a efetividade econômica e demográfica da escravidão negra no vale amazônico, ainda não foi levado a efeito um esforço de reflexão sobre essa questão nos quadros da economia-mundo capitalista, como se apresenta neste artigo. Para tanto, a economia escravista da região é cotejada com a chamada segunda escravidão, faceta mais conhecida da história global da escravidão no século XIX.

  17. Realizaciones arquitectónicas de la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII en los interiores de las catedrales góticas españolas

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    José Enrique García Melero

    1989-01-01

    Full Text Available Las catedrales góticas, colosales máquinas arquitectónicas susceptibles biológicamente de cambios continuos, fueron objeto de numerosas intervenciones artísticas tanto en sus exteriores como en los interiores durante el transcurso de la segunda mitad del siglo xviii. Se partía, así, de un necesario hábito secular, debido a la concurrencia de causas múltiples: a la conclusión o realización de partes no hechas antes; a la reconstrucción, e incluso a la restauración, de determinadas zonas dañadas por el paso del tiempo y los fenómenos naturales; a las nuevas necesidades litúrgicas de la época y de mayores espacios aprovechables para diversas funciones; a planteamientos arquitectónicos novedosos contrarios a viejas prácticas; a la casi obligación de cumplir los deseos de Obispos y demás mecenas, que daban en vida o legaban testamentariamente ciertos caudales para la realización de obras diversas, inspiradas por su religiosidad y devociones a ciertos santos o por la idea de dejar huella de su presencia en la vida...

  18. Design of an analytical aggregation of rules of a diffuse controller and its application in the model of a nuclear research reactor; Diseno de una agregacion analitica de reglas de un controlador difuso y su aplicacion en el modelo de un reactor nuclear de investigacion

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Najera H, M.C

    2003-07-01

    As they have gone being managed complex systems that fulfill tasks inside industrial or nuclear processes, it becomes necessary the development of technical novel of control, in which can incorporate heuristic knowledge of operation without to necessarily use the theories of classic control based mainly in mathematical models. One of the control techniques that allows to carry out this is the control based on diffuse logic. For the case of a model of the nuclear research reactor Triga Mark III of the National Institute of Nuclear Research have been developed diverse algorithms of diffuse control that have as objective the regulation of the neutron power in the nucleus. The aggregation stages and desdifussification in these algorithms discretize the universe of values of the control variable, being required a high number of operations for their execution. With the purpose of reducing this number of operations and to obtain results more exact in the generation of the aggregated group in each cycle of control and in the determination of the center of gravity of this added group, it is presented the development of an analytical method for these calculations. The main objectives outlined in this entitled thesis {sup D}esign of an analytical aggregate of a diffuse controller rules and their application in the pattern of a nuclear research reactor{sup ,} they are: to improve the behavior of control systems in closed knot based on diffuse logic by means of the development of an analytical method that determines an aggregated group resultant of the activation of rules in the diffuse controller and the obtaining of the exit variable using an exact solution of the technique of the center of gravity; and to compare the operation of these methods with those traditionally used ones that consider the discretization of the universe of the exit variable so much for the aggregation like for the desdiffusification. The chapters 1 and 2 present an introduction at two fundamental

  19. A antroponímia dos matriculados na sociedade protetora dos desvalidos durante a segunda década do século XX

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    Victor Cavalcanti Mariano

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho traz à baila a discussão sobre a antroponímia de uma parcela da população afrodescendente do Brasil. O texto tenta mostrar, relacionando a história da Bahia e do Brasil, o porquê de os nomes próprios africanos terem praticamente se extinguido no país, revelando possíveis fatores que levaram os negros a adotar nomes de origem europeia. Para tanto, faz-se uso do livro de matrícula da Sociedade Protetora dos Desvalidos (SPD, uma irmandade negra de Salvador que existe desde 1832, quando ainda havia o regime escravocrata no Brasil. Analisam-se aqui os nomes presentes no livro a partir da segunda década do século XX. A partir da leitura de textos que tratam da antroponímia no Brasil e em Portugal, bem como de textos que traçam a história da escravidão brasileira e da SPD, além da análise dos nomes presentes no livro de matrícula, confirma-se a hipótese do uso de nomes de origem europeia pelos negros brasileiros e procura-se criar hipóteses para a explicação de tal fato.

  20. Desarrollo de una vacuna profiláctica de segunda generación contra el papilomavirus humano Development of a second generation prophylactic vaccine against human papillomavirus

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alonso Leonardo

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Los papilomavirus humanos (HPV son el agente etiológico del cáncer cervical (CC, la segunda causa de muerte por cáncer en mujeres. Se estima que medio millón de nuevos cánceres se diagnostica cada año, ocurriendo la mayoría de ellos en países en vías de desarrollo debido a la ausencia o ineficiencia de los programas masivos de detección temprana. Recientemente se han introducido en el mercado dos vacunas profilácticas contra las principales cepas oncogénicas de HPV, la cepa 16 y 18, responsables por el 80% de todos los CC. Estas vacunas se obtienen en forma recombinante y han demostrado ser extremadamente seguras y eficaces. Sin embargo, su impacto inmediato en la incidencia de la infección por HPV en países en vías de desarrollo será mínimo, debido principalmente al alto costo de las mismas. Existe la necesidad de contar con vacunas de segunda generación, de bajo costo y de aplicación masiva que permitan disminuir sensiblemente el número de CC en la población. Con este objetivo hemos desarrollado una plataforma de expresión recombinante que permite obtener partículas tipo virus (VLPs con las cuales es posible formular vacunas efectivas y accesibles contra la infección por HPV.Human papillomaviruses (HPV are the etiologic agent for cervical cancer (CC, the second cause of cancer death in women worldwide. It is estimated that half a million new cases are diagnosed each year, mostly in developing countries due to the lack of massive programs for early detection of the virus. Recently, two prophylactic vaccines against the main oncogenic HPV types 16 and 18 (responsible for 80% of CC have been introduced into market. Both of these vaccines, obtained as recombinants, have been shown to be safe and effective; however, their high cost works against its immediate impact in the incidence of HPV infection in developing and low-income countries. There is a need to have in hand second generation, low cost vaccines of massive use

  1. Reflexiones sobre la controversia clericomasónica en la Restauración y Segunda República

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    José- Leonardo RUIZ SÁNCHEZ

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: Durante la primera fase de la Restauración alfonsina la masonería fue el arma esgrimida por el clericalismo español, internamente muy dividido y enfrentado, para atacar la política liberal así como para evitar que triunfase una transacción de los sectores católicos con el liberalismo más templado. El radicalismo de los ataques desde posiciones clericales obedeció en parte al medio empleado —la prensa— y a las características intrínsecas de la que ellos utilizaban, vinculada más que a la Iglesia a partidos claramente reaccionarios. El cambio de orientación del catolicismo español en la segunda fase de la Restauración, apostando por la participación en el sistema liberal con organizaciones nuevas, menos ultramontanas y radicales, usando una prensa nueva sometida a los prelados, contribuye a explicar la disminución del antimasonismo. ABSTRACT: During the first period of the Restoration under the reigns of Alfonso XIII, the masonry was the weapon used by the Spanish clericalism, very divided and confronted within its own members, to attack the liberal policy and prevent the triumph of a transaction between the Catholic sectors and the most restrained liberalism. The fact that the attacks from clergy positions were radical was in part due to the means they used —the press—, and the intrinsic characteristics of the press they used, which was connected to parties that were obviously reactionary rather than to the Church. The change of orientation of the Spanish Catholicism in the second period of the Restoration relying now on the participation with new organizations in the liberal system, less ultramontane and radicals, and using the new press that was subdued to the prelados (Ecclesiastical Superiors helps to explain the decrease of the anti-masonism.

  2. Instituciones, federalismo defensor de mercados y Estado de las Autonomías. Un análisis de segunda generación

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gonzalo Caballero

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available La nueva economía institucional ha impulsado el análisis de las institucionesde nue vas ba ses teó ri cas en el seno de la cien cia eco nó mi ca. La aten ción a lasinstituciones ha permitido el desarrollo de una segunda generación de teo -rías económicas del federa lismo. Este artículo analiza el modelo español dedescentraliza ción del Estado de las Autonomías desde este nuevo enfoqueteórico, estudiando la relación entre instituciones, policy-making y eco no -mía por medio de la hipótesis de un federa lismo defensor de mercados parael caso español. Esta hipótesis presenta dos fuentes de ineficiencia de la es truc -tura federal española en su función de división del poder político y defensade los mercados. Por una parte, el sistema de financiación autonómica cons -tituyó un “pacto fiscal con el diablo” que limitó la corresponsabilidad fiscal.Por otra, la estructura institucional del Senado lo convirtió en un blunt vetoplayer, cuya fórmula de gobernación constituye una situación self-enforcingque dificulta la reforma.

  3. Nationalism, regionalism and autonomy during the Second Republic | Nacionalismos, regionalismos y autonomía en la Segunda República

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    Justo Beramendi González

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available The Second Republic introduced a number of innovations as a means of surmounting the main factors of social and political backwardness which had beset the country since the beginning of the liberal revolution in the Þ rst third of the nineteenth century. Prominent among these factors was the emergent plurality of different nations within the State, a phenomenon which had spread following the birth and rapid growth of Catalan and Basque nationalism, and to a much lesser extent, the weak Galician nationalist movement, as well as other marginal momentary upsurges. The aim of this article is to provide a succinct analysis of the changing relationship between the nationalist issue and the structure of the State during this period. | La Segunda República trajo consigo varias innovaciones que pretendían superar, en sentido modernizador, los principales factores de atraso social y político que había venido padeciendo el país desde los inicios de la revolución liberal en el primer tercio del siglo XIX. Entre estos factores, cabe destacar la emergente plurinacionalidad del Estado, que se había ido ensanchando con el nacimiento y rápido desarrollo de los nacionalismos catalán y vasco y, en mucha menor medida, del débil nacionalismo gallego y de otros brotes de momento marginales. El objeto de este artículo es analizar muy sintéticamente cómo evoluciona la relación entre cuestión nacional y estructura del Estado en este período.

  4. Elementi ed esercizi di geometria analitica e proiettiva

    CERN Document Server

    Francia, Giovanni

    1950-01-01

    La retta : preliminario ; coordinate cartesiane nel piano, equazioni della retta, distanze ed angoli ; cambiamento delle coordinate, coordinate polari ; il cerchio ; le coniche come luoghi geometrici : l'ellisse, l'iperbole, parabola.

  5. La redefinición de la político española de seguridad y defensa para la segunda década del siglo XXI: Borrón y cuenta nueva

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Javier Ignacio García

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available El artículo examina la situación de la política de Seguridad y Defensa de España al comienzo de la segunda década del siglo XXI y la necesidad de su redefinición a partir de la experiencia de los últimos diez años. El trabajo analiza la política de los distintos gobiernos durante este periodo, los constantes cambios que ha sufrido, la ausencia de consenso entre las fuerzas políticas, el rechazo social a algunas decisiones y la falta de coherencia y visión de largo plazo de otra. Se estudia el giro estratégico de la política Exterior y de Seguridad durante la segunda legislatura del Presidente Aznar -dando prioridad absoluta a la relación con Estados Unidos tras el 11S-, y el rechazo popular y electoral a esta decisión. A continuación se repasa cómo ha evolucionado la política de Seguridad y Defensa de los gobiernos del Presidente Rodríguez Zapatero, desde la simbólica retirada de Iraq hasta la decisión de participar junto a Estados Unidos en el escudo antimisiles de la OTAN. Una política de Seguridad caracterizada por su subordinación a la política interna, por su obsesión por la imagen y por las repercusiones sobre la opinión pública, por la improvisación y por la falta de coherencia. Finalmente, el artículo se ocupa de la Estrategia Española de Seguridad, anunciada en 2008 y aprobada al final de la legislatura, sin consenso con otras fuerzas políticas y sin tiempo para implementarse. Se analiza su contenido y su posible utilidad como base de la política de Seguridad y Defensa de los próximos años.

  6. Automatic inspection Pads second generation; Inspeccion automatica de pastillas de segunda generacion

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Gallardo-Lancho gonzalez, J. F.

    2010-07-01

    In recent years, development has addressed Enusa a second generation robot for automatic inspection of tablets incorporating the following advances: more advanced systems that improve vision quality inspection equipment, conducting the inspection in line with the grinding operation, increased productivity of the inspection process to be unnecessary pills buildup in trays and lay-out of the most rational equipment allowing cleaning it easier and faster. This second generation machine is already part of the automatic inspection equipment developed by Enusa and is an example of the ongoing commitment to the development Enusa and innovation in nuclear technology.

  7. Confiabilidad de la escala "Apreciación de la agencia de autocuidado" (ASA, segunda versión en español, adaptada para población colombiana1 Scale reliability "Self-care Agency Appreciation" (SAA, second version in Spanish, adapted for the Colombian population Confiabilidade da escala "Apreciação da Agência de Autocuidado" (ASA, segunda versão em espanhol, adaptada ao povo colombiano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    RIVERA ÁLVAREZ LUZ NELLY

    2009-07-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: establecer la confiabilidad de la escala "Apreciación de la agencia de autocuidado" (ASA deEvers eIsenberg, segunda versión en español, y describir la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado en personas con factor de riesgo cardiovascular que asisten al programa de crónicos del servicio de consulta externa de un hospital de Bogotá, Colombia. Metodología: diseño descriptivo con abordaje cuantitativo que permitió evaluar la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado en una muestra de 201 personas con factores de riesgo cardiovascular que asistieron al programa de crónicos en un hospital de Bogotá, mediante el empleo de la escala ASA, segunda versión en español. A esta escala se le realizó la medición de la confiabilidad a través del cálculo del valor del coeficiente de alfa-Cronbach. Resultados: se encontró que el 35,8% de los participantes tuvo buena capacidad de agencia de autocuidado y el 62,6%, regular. Se aplicó el coeficiente de confiabilidad alfa-Cronbach a la escala ASA y se obtuvo un valor de 0,744. Conclusiones: se observa una diferencia de 0,026 por debajo del valor reportado en la medición de confiabilidad de la escala ASA, realizada por la doctora Gallegos, primera versión en español, para un contexto mexicano; estos resultados significan que los 24 ítems analizados de la escala miden un mismo concepto y por lo tanto se concluye que el instrumento posee consistencia interna.Purpose: To establish the scale reliability "Self-care Agency Appreciation" (SAA of Evers and Isenberg, second version in Spanish, and to describe the capacity of self-care agency among people with cardiovascular factor risks who attend the out-patient chronic patients program service of a hospital in Bogotá, Colombia. Method: descriptive design with a quantitative approach that enabled us to evaluate the self-care agency capacity in a sample of 201 patients with cardiovascular risk factors who attended the chronic patients

  8. Confiabilidad de la escala "Apreciación de la agencia de autocuidado" (ASA, segunda versión en español, adaptada para población colombiana Confiabilidade da escala "Apreciação da Agência de Autocuidado" (ASA, segunda versão em espanhol, adaptada ao povo colombiano Scale reliability "Self-care Agency Appreciation" (SAA, second version in Spanish, adapted for the Colombian population

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    ANITA VELANDIA ARIAS

    2009-07-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: establecer la confiabilidad de la escala "Apreciación de la agencia de autocuidado" (ASA deEvers eIsenberg, segunda versión en español, y describir la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado en personas con factor de riesgo cardiovascular que asisten al programa de crónicos del servicio de consulta externa de un hospital de Bogotá, Colombia. Metodología: diseño descriptivo con abordaje cuantitativo que permitió evaluar la capacidad de agencia de autocuidado en una muestra de 201 personas con factores de riesgo cardiovascular que asistieron al programa de crónicos en un hospital de Bogotá, mediante el empleo de la escala ASA, segunda versión en español. A esta escala se le realizó la medición de la confiabilidad a través del cálculo del valor del coeficiente de alfa-Cronbach. Resultados: se encontró que el 35,8% de los participantes tuvo buena capacidad de agencia de autocuidado y el 62,6%, regular. Se aplicó el coeficiente de confiabilidad alfa-Cronbach a la escala ASA y se obtuvo un valor de 0,744. Conclusiones: se observa una diferencia de 0,026 por debajo del valor reportado en la medición de confiabilidad de la escala ASA, realizada por la doctora Gallegos, primera versión en español, para un contexto mexicano; estos resultados significan que los 24 ítems analizados de la escala miden un mismo concepto y por lo tanto se concluye que el instrumento posee consistencia interna.Objectivo: estabelecer a confiabilidade da escala "Apreciação da agência de autocuidado" (ASA de Evers e Isenberg, segunda versão em espanhol, e descreve a capacidade de agência de autocuidado em pessoas com fatores de risco cardiovascular que utilizam o programa de crônicos do serviço de consulta externa de um hospital de Bogotá, Colômbia. Metodologia: delineamento descritivo com abordagem quantitativa que permitiu avaliar a capacidade de agência de autocuidado dentro de uma amostra de 201 pessoas com fatores de risco cardiovascular

  9. Mestizaje y globalización en la arquitectura en Filipinas. Obando y Los Baños, dos casos de iglesias franciscanas de la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII

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    Luengo Gutiérrez, Pedro

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available The Franciscan presence around Manila had a high architectonic relevance during the second half of the eighteenth century. Recently two new drawings of that time have been found in AFIO. They are plans of the Church of Virgen de Salambao (1765 and that of Los Baños (1782. The Franciscan constitutions had a special attention to architecture, therefore specific solutions were proposed, affecting later works.La presencia de los franciscanos en los alrededores de Manila tuvo una gran relevancia arquitectónica durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII. Recientemente se han localizado en el AFIO dos nuevos dibujos de esta fecha. Se trata de los croquis de la ermita de la Virgen de Salambao (1765 y de la iglesia de Los Baños (1782. Las constituciones franciscanas tenían especial cuidado con la arquitectura, lo que obligó a plantear soluciones concretas que afectarían más tarde a otras obras.

  10. Power and words in the work Vida y costumbres de los indígenas araucanos de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX

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    Mario Samaniego Sastre

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available The present article analyses relations between horizons of understanding, translation practices and recognition dynamics in the text Vida y costumbres de los indígenas araucanos de la  segunda mitad del siglo XIX(Life and customs of the Araucano indigenous people in the second half of the nineteenth century by Father Ernesto Wilhelm de Moesbach, which may be considered a key testimonial for observation of the intersocial relations between the Mapuche people and Chilean society at the end of the nineteenth and the start of the twentieth centuries. More specifically, we examine the relation between the frames of meaning which order and project that work, i.e. the prologue by Rodolfo Lenz and the preface by Father Ernesto de Moesbach, and the ethnographical account of the life and customs of the Mapuche in the words of Pascual Coña. We also examine the use of translation as a practice capable of valuing or disregarding the material translated, in this case the biography of lonko [chief] Pascual Coña, paying special attention to how the socio-cultural practices and cultural authorities are treated as a way of accessing the Mapuche world view. We consider that this type of analysis, which refers to a dialectic between different narratives tensioned by power relations, allows us to understand contextually situated interethnic relations.

  11. Nuclear energy and the nuclear industry

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1979-01-01

    These notes have been prepared by the Department of Energy to provide information and to answer questions often raised about nuclear energy and the nuclear industry and in the hope that they will contribute to the public debate about the future of nuclear energy in the UK. The subject is dealt with under the headings; contribution of nuclear power, energy forecasts, nuclear fuels and reactor types, cost, thermal reactor strategy, planning margin, safety, nuclear licensing, unlike an atomic bomb, radiation, waste disposal, transport of nuclear materials, emergency arrangements at nuclear sites, siting of nuclear stations, security of nuclear installations, world nuclear programmes, international regulation and non-proliferation, IAEA safeguards arrangements in the UK, INFCE, and uranium supplies. (U.K.)

  12. Le roman féminin péruvien pendant la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle

    OpenAIRE

    Tauzin-Castellanos , Isabelle

    1990-01-01

    Ofrece un analisis de las novelas realistas obras de las escritoras peruanas, desde los años anteriores a la guerra del Pacifico hasta el final del siglo XIX y la republica aristocratica presidida por Nicolas de Piérola. Después de reconstruir el contexto sociocultural de los años 70, la autora proporciona una lectura analitica de las novelas de Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera, Clorinda Matto de Turner, Maria Nieves y Bustamante, Lastenia Larriva de Llona y Margarita Praxedes Muñoz. La tesis fu...

  13. Lezioni di fisica teorica

    CERN Document Server

    Caldirola, Piero

    Richiami di meccanica analitica ; richiami di termodinamica ; richiami di elettromagnetismo ; appunti sulla teoria della relatività ; la non validità delle teorie classiche nel mondo microscopico ; la meccanica atomica di Bohr e Sommerfeld ; I fondamenti della meccanica quantistica ; applicazioni nell'equazione di Schroedinger ; meccanica quantistica dei sistemi l'atomo di idrogeno ; particella in un campo elettrico e magnetico ; il calcolo delle perturbazioni nella teoria quantistica ; teoria dell'emissione e dell'assorbimento della luce ; sistemi di particelle identiche ; il legame chimico omopolare nella molecola di idrogeno ; la teoria di Dirac.

  14. La segunda revalorización del campesinado en México: de “pobres” y “población redundante” a sujetos productivos y de derechos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Víctor Suárez Carrera

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available A lo largo de la historia de México los pueblos indígenas y los campesinos han sido sometidos, despojados, explotados, negados y desvalorizados con la excepción de un breve periodo: la primavera campesindia, primera revalorización del campesinado en México. Gracias a la revolución social de 1910 y posteriores luchas, los cam - pesinos y pueblos indígenas conquistaron el derecho a la tierra, a tener una vida mejor y a ser considerados como parte del proyecto nacional. Con la instauración del neoliberalismo en 1982, se abre un nue - vo ciclo de exclusión y desvalorización, mismo que pone fin al pacto Estado-campesinos establecido en la Constitución de 1917. La primera primavera campesindia y las resistencias y alternativas de las últimas décadas constituyen un activo fundamental en la lucha por la segunda revalorización campesina. Ésta representa no solamente una reivindicación histórica para una clase-sujeto específica, sino también una opción de futuro para nuestro país.

  15. De quem é a memória? – O relato da trajetória de uma família iugoslava nos campos da Itália durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial

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    Rafaela Barkay

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available Durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, a família Dohan/Sprung, fugindo da perseguição nazista aos judeus na antiga Iugoslávia foi detida pelo exército italiano e conduzida para a Itália. Retidos inicialmente em um pequeno vilarejo no Norte do país onde sua vida muitas vezes mesclava-se à dos camponeses da região, foram conduzidos mais tarde para o campo de concentração de Ferramonti ao sul. Quando este foi libertado pelos soldados norte-americanos, seguiram para a Sicília e finalmente Roma, onde já podiam viver em liberdade. Alguns anos depois, a família imigrou para o Brasil. O relato desta trajetória por meio do olhar de uma das filhas é o foco deste artigo.

  16. Invisible nuclear; converting nuclear

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Park, Jongmoon

    1993-03-01

    This book consists of 14 chapters which are CNN era and big science, from East and West to North and South, illusory nuclear strategy, UN and nuclear arms reduction, management of armaments, advent of petroleum period, the track of nuclear power generation, view of energy, internationalization of environment, the war over water in the Middle East, influence of radiation and an isotope technology transfer and transfer armament into civilian industry, the end of nuclear period and the nuclear Nonproliferation, national scientific and technological power and political organ and executive organ.

  17. Leyes y decretos promulgados por el gobierno de Costa Rica para controlar a los ciudadanos y empresas de países enemigos con residencia en el país durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial.

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    Gertrud Peters

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available Este documento presenta el marco legal de las relaciones con los ciudadanos de países enemigos residentes en Costa Rica durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, cuando el país le declaró la guerra a Japón, Alemania e Italia. Antes de ese momento, las relaciones diplomáticas se habían modificado conforme a la aparición de nuevos acontecimientos. De esta manera, el país, bajo el contexto de la política de Defensa Hemisférica de los Estados Unidos de América, inició un período de promulgación, eliminación y reforma de leyes, decretos y acuerdos en el entorno nacional e internacional.

  18. Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Science

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Stamenov, J.

    2004-01-01

    The Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy (INRNE) of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences is the leading Bulgarian Institute for scientific investigations and applications of nuclear science. The main Institute's activities in the field of elementary particles and nuclear physics, high energy physics and nuclear energy, radiochemistry, radioecology, radioactive wastes treatment, monitoring of the environment, nuclear instruments development ect. are briefly described. Several examples for: environmental radiation monitoring; monitoring of the radioactivity and heavy metals in aerosols, 99m Tc clinical use, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy application of IRT-2000 Research Reactor, neutron fluence for reactor vessel embrittlement, NPP safety analysis, nuclear fuel modelling are also presented

  19. "As vezes, somos todos palestinos": O uso político da Questão Palestina por líderes árabes na segunda metade do século XX

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    Murilo Sebe Bon MEIHY

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente artigo discute o processo de transformação da chamada "Questão Palestina" em elemento de destaque do discurso político de líderes árabes em três países: Egito, Líbia e Líbano, a partir da segunda metade do século XX, e ressalta como a busca por liderança regional e visibilidade internacional durante o período da Guerra Fria convertia o tema dos conflitos entre Israel e Palestina em princípio norteador da agenda política retórica dos países árabes. A partir desses três cenários específicos, no artigo pretende-se analisar a permanência do conflito entre palestinos e israelenses como o principal fator de instabilidade no Oriente Médio, considerando-se o uso político que cada país atribuía a este problema geopolítico.

  20. Nuclear power and nuclear weapons

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vaughen, V.C.A.

    1983-01-01

    The proliferation of nuclear weapons and the expanded use of nuclear energy for the production of electricity and other peaceful uses are compared. The difference in technologies associated with nuclear weapons and nuclear power plants are described

  1. Estudio de los factores que intervienen en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del español como segunda lengua en el marco escolar : plan de intervención para alumnos inmigrantes marroquíes de educación secundaria obligatoria

    OpenAIRE

    Muñoz López, Belén

    2003-01-01

    Esta investigación se estructura en seis capítulos: en el primero, explicamos los objetivos, la metodología y el plan de investigación adoptado para la realización de la presente tesis; en el segundo presentamos una investigación de corte etnográfico en la que realizamos un estudios del contexto socioeducativo y de la identidad como factores que determinan el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del español como segunda lengua para alumnos inmigrantes marroquíes de Educación Secundaria Obligatori...

  2. Nuclear safety. Seguranca nuclear

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Aveline, A [Rio Grande do Sul Univ., Porto Alegre, RS (Brazil). Inst. de Fisica

    1981-01-01

    What is nuclear safety Is there any technical way to reduce risks Is it possible to put them at reasonable levels Are there competitiveness and economic reliability to employ the nuclear energy by means of safety technics Looking for answers to these questions the author describes the sources of potential risks to nuclear reactors and tries to apply the answers to the Brazilian Nuclear Programme. (author).

  3. Los modelos de explotación petrolera de Ecuador y de Colombia: Un análisis desde el extractivismo y el neoextractivismo (segunda parte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luis Hernando Portillo Riascos

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available En la primera parte de este trabajo se describieron los elementos conceptuales alrededor de los dos tipos o estilos de extractivismo. A la vez, se realizó una exposición de los principales cambios en el marco regulatorio del sector petrolero en los dos países analizados: Ecuador y Colombia. La segunda parte, que aquí se presenta, tiene como objetivo, hacer una revisión empírica de los dos modelos de explotación petrolera. En el análisis cuantitativo se encontró diferencias importantes en la evolución del sector petrolero de los dos países. En el caso ecuatoriano, el Estado fue capaz de desarrollar una política activa centrada en capturar una mayor parte de la renta petrolera. En Colombia, por su parte, se estructuró un marco regulatorio orientado a la atracción de capital, que en un contexto de subida de los precios, hizo posible un incremento significativo de la producción petrolera. Ahora bien, haciendo la comparación de los referentes conceptuales en torno a los dos tipos de extractivismo y la evolución de la dinámica productiva y fiscal, las divergencias ya no son tan evidentes.

  4. Nuclear safety culture and nuclear safety supervision

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chai Jianshe

    2013-01-01

    In this paper, the author reviews systematically and summarizes up the development process and stage characteristics of nuclear safety culture, analysis the connotation and characteristics of nuclear safety culture, sums up the achievements of our country's nuclear safety supervision, dissects the challenges and problems of nuclear safety supervision. This thesis focused on the relationship between nuclear safety culture and nuclear safety supervision, they are essential differences, but there is a close relationship. Nuclear safety supervision needs to introduce some concepts of nuclear safety culture, lays emphasis on humanistic care and improves its level and efficiency. Nuclear safety supervision authorities must strengthen nuclear safety culture training, conduct the development of nuclear safety culture, make sure that nuclear safety culture can play significant roles. (author)

  5. La segunda barra

    OpenAIRE

    Martín Garzo, Gustavo

    2007-01-01

    Desde el recuerdo de una película y la imagen de unos niños suspendidos en el aire, comienza este artículo a hablar de la libertad que todos los niños viven en sus sueños, cuya realidad se representa en el circo. El circo, como ese mundo donde hasta lo más imprevisible y loco es posible, se asemeja al arte, que también transita entre la realidad y los sueños, esa zona de los juegos de los niños y los amantes. El vacío del centro de la carpa (donde no prima la totalidad, sino los detalles y la...

  6. Nuclear energy and nuclear weapons

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Robertson, J.A.L.

    1983-06-01

    We all want to prevent the use of nuclear weapons. The issue before us is how best to achieve this objective; more specifically, whether the peaceful applications of nuclear energy help or hinder, and to what extent. Many of us in the nuclear industry are working on these applications from a conviction that without peaceful nuclear energy the risk of nuclear war would be appreciably greater. Others, however, hold the opposite view. In discussing the subject, a necessary step in allaying fears is understanding some facts, and indeed facing up to some unpalatable facts. When the facts are assessed, and a balance struck, the conclusion is that peaceful nuclear energy is much more part of the solution to preventing nuclear war than it is part of the problem

  7. Além do Estado e da ideologia: imigração judaica, Estado-Novo e Segunda Guerra Mundial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roney Cytrynowicz

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available A partir de uma pesquisa em fontes primárias das instituições centrais associadas à imigração judaica em São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro, este artigo mostra como, durante o Estado-Novo e a Segunda Guerra Mundial, as entidades judaicas funcionaram de forma corriqueira, adaptaram-se às restrições nacionalistas do governo Getúlio Vargas e, muitas vezes, engendraram estratégias sofisticadas para enfrentar a lei e a ideologia. Esta perspectiva de história social e do cotidiano evidencia, portanto, uma leitura distinta daquela que - analisando exclusivamente a lei, a ideologia e o preconceito do regime Vargas - considera que havia um clima de medo e perseguição generalizado entre os imigrantes judeus residentes no País. Este artigo mostra, complementarmente, que 1937-1945 foram anos decisivos para a implantação de uma comunidade etnicamente ativa e para a sedimentação de uma identidade judaico-brasileira.This article shows that, during the Estado Novo and World War II, Jewish institutions adapted themselves to Vargas and nationalist restrictions, and created sophisticated strategies to undermine both law and national ideology. This social history perspective, based on primary documents from major institutions associated with Jewish immigrants in Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, provides an important corrective to the historiography that focuses on law, elite ideology and prejudice during the Vargas regime, giving the erroneous impression that Jews lived in a climate of fear and generalized persecution in Brazil. This article also shows that the years 1937- 1945 were decisive in for formation of an ethnically active community that created a clear Jewish-Brazilian identity.

  8. Recycling of radioactively contaminated scrap from the nuclear cycle and spin-off for other application

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Quade, U.

    2005-12-01

    Full Text Available In the 1980ies, Siempelkamp foundry in Krefeld, Germany, developed a process to melt medium and slightly radioactive metals from decommissioning and maintenance works in nuclear power plants. Since 1989, in the CARLA melting plant which is licensed according to the German radiation protection ordinance (StrlSchV, metals are being molten which, for the largest part, can be reused. Since 1998, in a second plant, the GERTA melting plant, metals with a content of mercury up to 1 weight %, natural radioactivity up to 500 Bq/g and other chemical contaminations are being molten and completely decontaminated, so that these metals can be reused in the steel cycle. The following text is describing the melting process, acceptance criteria for contaminated scrap and recycling paths for the produced ingots and slags.

    La fundición Siempelkamp en Krefeld, Alemania, desarrolló, en los años 80, un proceso para fundir metales mediana y levemente radioactivos, procedentes de reparaciones o desmantelamiento de plantas nucleares. En la planta de fundición CARLA, que cumple los requisitos del decreto de protección contra radiaciones de la República Federal de Alemania, se funden metales desde 1989, de los cuales la mayor parte puede ser utilizada nuevamente. Desde 1998, en una segunda planta, fundición GERTA, se funden y descontaminan totalmente, metales de hasta un 1 % de peso de mercurio, con una radioactividad natural de hasta 500 Bq/g y con otros contaminantes químicos. De este modo los metales pueden ser nuevamente utilizados en el ciclo metálico. El texto adjunto describe el método para el fundido, los criterios para aceptar chatarra contaminada y las vías de utilización para los bloques de metal y escorias generadas en el proceso.

  9. Poder local y democracia municipal durante la Segunda República a través de los Ayuntamientos: el caso de Villablanca (Huelva

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Ignacio González Orta

    2010-11-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo pretende, desde la historia local, abordar el estudio del comportamiento de los ayuntamientos republicanos y su relación con la agitada vida política provincial. Se trata, en esencia, de analizar el funcionamiento del poder político municipal, así como los mecanismos de los que se hizo uso para controlar la ya de por sí estrecha autonomía de los ayuntamientos andaluces. El estudio del acceso al poder y la lucha por su control en el caso de Villablanca (Huelva constituye un buen ejemplo de la influencia que en estas dinámicas ejercieron, en última instancia, los gobernadores civiles.Palabras Clave: Segunda República, gobernadores civiles, ayuntamientos, poder local, Villablanca. ___________________________________ABSTRACT:The present article pretends, from the local history, to raise the republic council’s behavior and its relation with the political provincial hectic life. In essence, it would be about analyzing the local political power, as well as the mechanisms that were used to control the already in itself strengthen autonomy of Andalusia councils. The access’s study and the struggle for its control in the case of Villablanca (Huelva represent a good example of the influence that they exert in this dynamics, as a last resort, the civil governors.Keywords: Spanish Second Republic, civil governors, councils, local power, Villablanca.

  10. Nuclear reaction data and nuclear reactors

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Paver, N [University of Trieste (Italy); Herman, M [International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria); Gandini, A [ENEA, Rome (Italy)

    2001-12-15

    These two volumes contain the lecture notes of the workshop 'Nuclear Reaction Data and Nuclear Reactors: Physics, Design and Safety', which was held at the Abdus Salam ICTP in the Spring of 2000. The workshop consisted of five weeks of lecture courses followed by practical computer exercises on nuclear data treatment and design of nuclear power systems. The spectrum of topics is wide enough to timely cover the state-of-the-art and the perspectives of this broad field. The first two weeks were devoted to nuclear reaction models and nuclear data evaluation. Nuclear data processing for applications to reactor calculations was the subject of the third week. On the last two weeks reactor physics and on-going projects in nuclear power generation, waste disposal and safety were presented.

  11. Trial-Based Thought Record (TBTR: preliminary data on a strategy to deal with core beliefs by combining sentence reversion and the use of analogy with a judicial process Registro de Pensamentos com Base no Processo (RPBP: dados preliminares de uma estratégia para lidar com crenças nucleares, combinando reversão de sentenças e analogia com o processo jurídico

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Irismar Reis de Oliveira

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To propose the Trial-Based Thought Record, a modified, 7-column thought record addressing core beliefs by sentence reversion and the analogy to a trial. METHOD: Clients (n = 30 participated in a simulation of a trial and exhibited shifts in their adherence to core beliefs and in the intensity of corresponding emotions after each step (investigation, prosecutor’ s plea, defense attorney’ s plea, prosecutor’ s second plea, defense attorney’ s second plea, and jury verdict during a session. RESULTS: Significant mean reductions existed between percent values after investigation (taken as baseline and defense attorney’ s plea (p OBJETIVO: Propor o Registro de Pensamentos com Base no Processo, versão modificada, com sete colunas, para lidar com as crenças nucleares por meio da combinação da reversão de sentenças e a analogia com um processo jurídico. MÉTODO: Os clientes (n = 30 participaram da simulação de um júri e exibiram mudanças na adesão às crenças nucleares e na intensidade das emoções correspondentes após cada passo durante uma sessão (investigação, alegação do promotor, alegação do advogado de defesa, réplica do promotor, tréplica do advogado de defesa e veredicto do júri. RESULTADOS: Reduções médias significantes foram observadas entre os valores percentuais após a investigação (tomada como valor basal, a alegação da defesa (p < 0,001 e o veredicto do júri, tanto das crenças (p < 0,001 quanto da intensidade das emoções (p < 0,001. Diferenças significantes foram também observadas entre as primeira e segunda alegações da defesa (p = 0,009 e entre a segunda alegação da defesa e o veredicto do júri no que diz respeito às crenças nucleares (p = 0,005 e às emoções (p = 0,02. CONCLUSÃO: O Registro de Pensamentos com Base no Processo pode, pelo menos temporariamente, ajudar os pacientes, de forma construtiva, a reduzirem a adesão às crenças nucleares negativas e emo

  12. Nuclear astrophysics: An application of nuclear physics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fueloep, Z.

    2005-01-01

    Nuclear astrophysics, a fruitful combination of nuclear physics and astrophysics can be viewed as a special application of nuclear physics where the study of nuclei and their reactions are motivated by astrophysical problems. Nuclear astrophysics is also a good example for the state of the art interdisciplinary research. The origin of elements studied by geologists is explored by astrophysicists using nuclear reaction rates provided by the nuclear physics community. Due to the high interest in the field two recent Nuclear Physics Divisional Conferences of the European Physical Society were devoted to nuclear astrophysics and a new conference series entitled 'Nuclear Physics in Astrophysics' has been established. Selected problems of nuclear astrophysics will be presented emphasizing the interplay between nuclear physics and astrophysics. As an example the role of 14 N(p,r) 15 O reaction rate in the determination of the age of globular clusters will be discussed in details

  13. Interrelationship between nuclear safety, safeguards and nuclear security

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Irie, Kazutomo

    2007-01-01

    As preventive activities against danger within nuclear systems, three major areas exist; nuclear safety, safeguards and nuclear security. Considering the purpose of these activities, to prevent non-peaceful use is common in nuclear security in general and safeguards. At the same time, measures against sabotage, one of the subcategory in nuclear security, is similar to nuclear safety in aiming at preventing nuclear accidents. When taking into account the insider issues in nuclear security, the distinction between measures against sabotage and nuclear safety becomes ambiguous. Similarly, the distinction between measures against theft, another subcategory in nuclear security, and safeguards also becomes vague. These distinctions are influenced by psychological conditions of members in nuclear systems. Members who have the intention to make nuclear systems dangerous to human society shall be the 'enemy' to nuclear systems and thus be the target for nuclear security. (author)

  14. Il difficile cammino dell’analisi musicale in Italia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Claudio Annibaldi

    2014-10-01

    Full Text Available Si immaginino gli atti d’un convegno sull’analisi musicale che abbia avuto luogo in un paese come la Francia, la Germania, l’ Inghilterra o gli Stati Uniti. Potrebbe mai accadere che essi vengano pubblicati sostituendo il discorso ufficiale d’apertura dei lavori con un testo tutto nuovo epperò simulante d’esser quello effettivamente pronunciato dall’autore? E potrebbe mai accadere - essendo costui un noto critico musicale e il direttore della collana editoriale comprendente gli atti in questione - che questo nuovo testo sia da lui dedicato a uno sfoggio della propria competenza analitica capace solo di esibire una visione dilettantesca della tecnica musicale tout court? Penso proprio di no. Eppure questo è accaduto in Italia non molti anni fa, quando le Edizioni Unicopli pubblicarono, nella collana dei "Quaderni di Musica/Realtà", gli atti di un convegno sull’analisi musicale tenuto nel 1989 a Reggio Emilia: il primo del genere negli annali della musicologia italiana. L’episodio rende bene l’idea dei pericoli incombenti sul cammino di quegli studiosi che, a far data dal convegno suddetto, si sono adoperati a che la pratica analitica acquisisse anche da noi la dignità scientifica di cui gode, appunto, in paesi come la Francia, la Germania, l’Inghilterra o gli Stati Uniti. Quei pericoli si chiamano ‘dilettantismo tecnico’, ‘arroganza intellettuale’, ‘ vezzo d’ imporre l’uno e l’altra grazie a un qualche tipo di potere personale’, ‘necessità di subire tale imposizione in cambio di qualche vantaggio pratico’.

  15. Nuclear blackmail and nuclear balance

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Betts, R.K.

    1987-01-01

    This book raises pointed questions about nuclear saber rattling. More than a dozen cases since the bombing of Hiroshima and Magasaki in which some sort of nuclear threat was used as a sparring technique in tense confrontations are cited. Each incident is described and analyzed. Two theories offered to explain America's use of nuclear threats, the balance of interest theory and the balance of power theory, are contrasted throughout the book. This book helps to fill the gap in the understanding of nuclear weapons and their uses, while pointing out that nuclear bravado could lead to an unintended unleashing of these weapons

  16. Advanced nuclear reactor and nuclear fusion power generation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2000-04-01

    This book comprised of two issues. The first one is a advanced nuclear reactor which describes nuclear fuel cycle and advanced nuclear reactor like liquid-metal reactor, advanced converter, HTR and extra advanced nuclear reactors. The second one is nuclear fusion for generation energy, which explains practical conditions for nuclear fusion, principle of multiple magnetic field, current situation of research on nuclear fusion, conception for nuclear fusion reactor and economics on nuclear fusion reactor.

  17. Nuclear orientation and nuclear structure

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Krane, K.S.

    1988-01-01

    The present generation of on-line nuclear orientation facilities promises to revolutionize the gathering of nuclear structure information, especially for the hitherto poorly known and understood nuclei far from stability. Following a brief review of the technological developments that have facilitated these experiments, the nuclear spectroscopic information that can be obtained is summarized. Applications to understanding nuclear structure are reviewed, and challenges for future studies are discussed. (orig.)

  18. La cartografía colonial española durante la Segunda República (1931-1936

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Urteaga, Luis

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available The Spanish Second Republic set aside a big amount of resources, both human and economic, to survey the colonies. The consecutive republican governments kept a strong continuity on the schemes for colonial cartography, with no significant changes over the plans established in past periods. Cartographic work was focused in Morocco’s territory, and was carry out by a military unit named Comisión Geográfíca de Marruecos y Límites (Morocco’s Geographical Commission. This paper, built on primary sources, examines the institutional framework of Spanish colonial cartography during the republican period, identifies the leading mapmakers, and discusses the main cartographic surveys.

    La Segunda República dedicó cuantiosos recursos, económicos y humanos, a la cartografía de las posesiones coloniales. Los sucesivos gobiernos republicanos mantuvieron una fuerte continuidad, organizativa y funcional, en el ámbito de la cartografía colonial, sin que se detecte ningún cambio significativo respecto a los planes trazados en etapas anteriores. La actividad cartográfica continuó centrada en el territorio de Marruecos, y fue protagonizada por una unidad dependiente del Ministerio de la Guerra, la Comisión Geográfica de Marruecos y Límites. En este trabajo, que se apoya en fuentes primarias, se ofrece una descripción del marco institucional de la cartografía colonial durante el período republicano, se identifica a sus artífices, y se da cuenta de los levantamientos cartográficos realizados. [fr] La Deuxième République a consacré nombreux ressources, économiques et humains, à la cartographie des possessions coloniales. Les successifs gouvernements républicains ont tenu une forte continuité, d’organisation et fonctionnelle, dans le domaine de la cartographie coloniale, sans qu’on ne puisse détecter aucun changement significatif en relation aux plans tracés en étapes antérieures. L’activité cartographique a continu

  19. A ESCRITA DA LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA COMO SEGUNDA LÍNGUA POR SURDOS NAS REDES SOCIAIS / Writing the portuguese language as the second language for deaf in social network

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manuela Maria Cyrino Viana (UFMA

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Reflexões sobre a escrita em português como segunda língua desenvolvida por surdos. Nosso objetivo é analisar a produção escrita em Língua Portuguesa como segunda língua de surdos usuários da Língua Brasileira de Sinais, nas redes sociais. Para tanto realizaremos levantamento e leitura reflexiva das fontes bibliográficas relacionadas com nosso objeto de estudo; captura de textos escritos em português por surdos nas redes sociais de um grupo de WhatsApp; análise dos dados coletados e construção dos resultados. Para a captura dos textos, realizamos a criação de um grupo na rede social WhatsApp composto por surdos usuários de língua de sinais como primeira língua. Esse grupo de surdos semanalmente participa de conversas sobre os mais variados assuntos. Os textos capturados comporão o corpus da pesquisa. Para fundamentar a pesquisa, recorremos, aos seguintes teóricos: Quadros (2004; Costa (2005; Zeni (2010; Leal (2011; Machado e Feltes (2010 e Rescuero (2011 dentre outros. Os resultados podem contribuir para a construção de novas propostas para a educação dos surdos, fornecendo-nos subsídios para a formação de cidadãos mais conscientes e integrados socialmente. Palavras-chave: Escrita. Português. Surdo. Redes Sociais. ABSTRACT Reflections on the writing in Portuguese as a second language developed by deaf people. Our main aim is analyzing the written productions in Portuguese as a second language by deaf people who are users of Brazilian Sign Language on social network. Therefore, we will perform the reflexive reading of bibliographical sources related to our main aims; the capture of written texts in Portuguese on WhatsApp groups; the analysis of the data collected and the construction of the results. For capturing the texts, we created a group in WhatsApp messenger, composed by deaf people who use the Brazilian sign language as the first language. This group of deaf people weekly participates of conversations about

  20. Nuclear experts and nuclear weapons proliferation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mueller, H.

    1979-01-01

    In Germany the issue of nuclear weapons proliferation has attracted scant attention. Most potential nuclear weapon states are important trade partners of the FRG and, since further proliferation of nuclear weapons could worsen conflicts involving these, it should be in the FRG's interest to limit proliferation. The security of the FRG is also dependent on the common interest of the great powers to avoid nuclear war. The contradictory positions of Usa and the USSR on nuclear weapons policy regarding themselves and non-nuclear weapon states encourages less developed countries to see nuclear weaponry as useful. The NPT and IAEA safeguards have only limited inhibiting effect. The nuclear export policy of the FRG has been dominated by short term economic advantage, neglecting the negative long term effects of decreased political stability. The FRG should formulate a policy based on self-restraint, positive stimuli and extension of controls, using its economic strength to deter proliferation. (JIW)

  1. Apprendimento collaborativo in linea: comunità di ricerca e di pratiche (Intervista a Christian Bois

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Orazio Maria Valastro

    2003-09-01

    Full Text Available Il sapere deriva per prima cosa dal fatto che si "nominano" le dinamiche che emergono dalla situazione analitica e dai discorsi dei protagonisti. Deriva inoltre da quello che s'identifica nelle rassomiglianze di contenuto e/o nelle forme tra un segno attuale e un fatto passato. O ancora deriva dalla creatività dell'analizzante per predisporre il suo posto nella giungla dei desideri, dei territori, delle gelosie e delle invidie. Deriva infine dal sottile gioco tra il reale, l'immaginario ed il simbolico. Nella comunità di ricerca e di pratiche ci sono anche delle dinamiche sottili da identificare.

  2. IMPACTO ECONÓMICO DEL TLC COLOMBIA - ESTADOS UNIDOS EN EL DEPARTAMENTO DE NARIÑO (Segunda parte

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manuel Iván Ortiz Ramos

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available La segunda parte analiza los términos del TLC y su impacto en la economía regional, que de manera objetiva, permita coincidir sus alcances comerciales con las características que posee la estructura productiva de Nariño a partir del contexto conómico de frontera. La frontera sur juega un papel importante frente al sector agrícola ya que posee desde el suroccidente excelentes recursos naturales y ecosistemicos desde donde se extrae materias primas, insumos, localización y productos de exportación, como son: 1 Producción de agua limpia y potable; 2 Producción de energía eólica, solar y eléctrica; 3 Minería de metales preciosos y químicos; 4 Producción en agroindustria de lácteos y alimentos; 5 Logística comercial con los socios andinos; 6 Almacenamientos y Warehousing para materias primas e insumos del comercio intra e interindustrial entre Ecuador y Colombia; 7 Agenciamiento del comercio exterior y actividades aduaneras conexas y yuxtapuestas; 8 Transporte e interconexión interoceánica con Brasil y el cono sur por carretera; 9 Mejores comunicaciones por poseer una estratégica ubicación satelital entre la zona ecuatorial y el litoral pacíco; 10 La producción de una economía en escala de papa, tubérculos, frutas verduras desde la región del altiplano andino (Exprovincia de Obando y el valle de Sibundoy, ya que Nariño en varios años consecutivos ha ocupado el primer lugar en la producción nacional de papa;11 Colindante de la región periférica amazónica (COFAM ubicada en los esteros ricos de petróleo crudo (Bajo Putumayo, que por muchos decenios le han generado a Colombia, las divisas necesarias para la expansión económica y social de las ciudades y departamentos del centro a costas de la extracción, explotación, logística y exportación de petróleo crudo que realiza Ecopetrol por el oleoducto: Orito-Putumayo hasta el puerto de Tumaco-Nariño con conexión temporal con Ecuador.

  3. World Nuclear Association position statement: Safe management of nuclear waste and used nuclear fuel

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Saint-Pierre, Sylvain

    2006-01-01

    This WNA Position Statement summarises the worldwide nuclear industry's record, progress and plans in safely managing nuclear waste and used nuclear fuel. The global industry's safe waste management practices cover the entire nuclear fuel-cycle, from the mining of uranium to the long-term disposal of end products from nuclear power reactors. The Statement's aim is to provide, in clear and accurate terms, the nuclear industry's 'story' on a crucially important subject often clouded by misinformation. Inevitably, each country and each company employs a management strategy appropriate to a specific national and technical context. This Position Statement reflects a confident industry consensus that a common dedication to sound practices throughout the nuclear industry worldwide is continuing to enhance an already robust global record of safe management of nuclear waste and used nuclear fuel. This text focuses solely on modern civil programmes of nuclear-electricity generation. It does not deal with the substantial quantities of waste from military or early civil nuclear programmes. These wastes fall into the category of 'legacy activities' and are generally accepted as a responsibility of national governments. The clean-up of wastes resulting from 'legacy activities' should not be confused with the limited volume of end products that are routinely produced and safely managed by today's nuclear energy industry. On the significant subject of 'Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities', which is integral to modern civil nuclear power programmes, the WNA will offer a separate Position Statement covering the industry's safe management of nuclear waste in this context. The paper's conclusion is that the safe management of nuclear waste and used nuclear fuel is a widespread, well-demonstrated reality. This strong safety record reflects a high degree of nuclear industry expertise and of industry responsibility toward the well-being of current and future generations. Accumulating

  4. Nuclear Law: A Key Against Nuclear Terrorism

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cardozo, P.

    2004-01-01

    The role of the legal instruments in the war against nuclear terrorism. Control of radioactive sources. Elements of Nuclear Law: Definition: it is the body of special legislation that regulates the pacific uses of nuclear energy and the conduct of the persons engaged in activities related to fissionable materials and ionizing radiation . Objective: to provide a legal framework in order to protect individuals , property and the environment against the harmful effects of the use of nuclear energy and ionising radiation. Principles of nuclear energy legislation: safety principle, exclusively operator responsibility, authorization, independence of the regulatory body, inspections and enforcement, nuclear damage compensation, international cooperation. National regulatory infrastructure. Establishment of special law in Emergency Preparedness for nuclear or radiological disaster. IAEA Conventions. Transportation of nuclear material. IAEA regulations on radioactive material. Compensation for nuclear damage. Nuclear safety, security and terrorism. International and domestic instruments. Anti terrorism acts. International agreements on Safety Cooperation. (Author)

  5. The role of nuclear law in nuclear safety after Fukushima; El rol del derecho nuclear en seguridad nuclear luego de Fukushima

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Cardozo, Diva E. Puig, E-mail: d.puig@adinet.com.uy [International Nuclear Law Association (INLA), Montevideo (Uruguay)

    2013-07-01

    The paper contains the following topics: nuclear law, origin and evolution, role of the legal instruments on nuclear safety, nuclear safety the impact of major nuclear accidents: Chernobyl and Fukushima. The response of the nuclear law post Fukushima. Safety and security. International framework for nuclear safety: nuclear convention joint convention on safety on spent fuel management and on the safety of radioactive waste management. The Fukushima World Conference on Nuclear Safety. Convention on Prompt Notification and Assistance in case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency. Plan of Action for Nuclear Safety. IAEA recommendations for the safety transport of radioactive material. International framework for nuclear security. Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials. International Convention for the Suppression of Acts Against Nuclear Terrorism. Resolution No. 1540 of the Security Council of United Nations (2004). Measures to strengthen international safety. Code of conduct on the safety research reactor.

  6. The Arabidopsis Nuclear Pore and Nuclear Envelope

    OpenAIRE

    Meier, Iris; Brkljacic, Jelena

    2010-01-01

    The nuclear envelope is a double membrane structure that separates the eukaryotic cytoplasm from the nucleoplasm. The nuclear pores embedded in the nuclear envelope are the sole gateways for macromolecular trafficking in and out of the nucleus. The nuclear pore complexes assembled at the nuclear pores are large protein conglomerates composed of multiple units of about 30 different nucleoporins. Proteins and RNAs traffic through the nuclear pore complexes, enabled by the interacting activities...

  7. The IAEA Nuclear Security Programme Combating Nuclear Terrorism

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2010-01-01

    Discusses the four threats of nuclear terrorism,which are theft of a nuclear weapon, theft of material to make an improvised nuclear explosive device,theft of other radioactive material for an Radiological dispersal device and sabotage of a facility or transport. The IAEA Nuclear Security programme combating Nuclear Terrorism therefore adopts a comprehensive approach. The programme addresses the need to cover nuclear and other radioactive materials, nuclear facilities and transports, non-nuclear, medical and industrial applications of sources

  8. Nuclear power and the nuclear fuel cycle

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    1976-07-01

    The IAEA is organizing a major conference on nuclear power and the nuclear fuel cycle, which is to be held from 2 to 13 May 1977 in Salzburg, Austria. The programme for the conference was published in the preceding issue of the IAEA Bulletin (Vol.18, No. 3/4). Topics to be covered at the conference include: world energy supply and demand, supply of nuclear fuel and fuel cycle services, radioactivity management (including transport), nuclear safety, public acceptance of nuclear power, safeguarding of nuclear materials, and nuclear power prospects in developing countries. The articles in the section that follows are intended to serve as an introduction to the topics to be discussed at the Salzburg Conference. They deal with the demand for uranium and nuclear fuel cycle services, uranium supplies, a computer simulation of regional fuel cycle centres, nuclear safety codes, management of radioactive wastes, and a pioneering research project on factors that determine public attitudes toward nuclear power. It is planned to present additional background articles, including a review of the world nuclear fuel reprocessing situation and developments in the uranium enrichment industry, in future issues of the Bulletin. (author)

  9. O aspecto cultural dos programas de imersão e a aquisição de segunda língua

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Naiara Medeiros de Oliveira

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Os programas de imersão têm se popularizado nos últimos anos, principalmente pela influência que exercem na aprendizagem de idiomas. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo investigar quais são os fatores que auxiliam os estudantes a adquirirem uma segunda língua quando estão imersos na cultura de um país estrangeiro e analisar os desafios que podem impactar a aprendizagem da língua alvo. Para isso, é usada a técnica de entrevista semiestruturada com estudantes brasileiros que participaram do programa Ciências sem Fronteiras. Os dados qualitativos coletados são analisados por meio da categorização de declarações que possam fornecer uma compreensão de como a experiência dos estudantes influenciou a aprendizagem da língua inglesa. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que a real necessidade de comunicação, a motivação e atividades acadêmicas são os principais fatores que influenciaram a aquisição da língua alvo. Destaca-se ainda o choque cultural que, apesar de ser citado como um obstáculo, impactou positivamente a aprendizagem. Ademais, verifica-se que os participantes indicaram uma melhoria significativa nas habilidades de escrita, leitura, fala e compreensão auditiva. Desse modo, o estudo conclui que o programa Ciências sem Fronteiras ofereceu uma experiência de imersão significativa na aquisição da língua alvo e, ainda, mostra as limitações do ensino da língua inglesa no Brasil, uma vez os cursos e escolas, em sua maioria, não se preocupam com o uso real da língua em sala de aula.

  10. Graficar una "Segunda Independencia": El Régimen Militar Chileno y las ilustraciones de la Editorial Nacional Gabriela Mistral (1973-1976

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Isabel Jara Hinojosa

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available En la perspectiva del uso social de las imágenes, este artículo estudia la relación entre la ilustración gráfica de la Editorial Nacional Gabriela Mistral (ENGM y el imaginario político del gobierno militar. Profundizando en la semántica de las estampas de algunos libros representativos, examina su peculiar aporte a la construcción del discurso del golpe militar como "segunda independencia". Para ello, cruza un análisis iconográfico y de retórica de la imagen con documentos inéditos e impresos del gobierno y la editorial, publicaciones de esta y bibliografía pertinente. Sugiere que las ilustraciones "graficaron" dicho discurso antimarxista y antipartidista, simbolizando lo patriótico y antipatriótico, intensificando dicotómicamente la experiencia allendista y la posgolpe y ritualizando la celebración del 11 de septiembre.From the perspective of the social use of images, this article studies the relationship between graphic illustration from the Editorial Nacional Gabriela Mistral (ENGM and the political imaginary of the military government. using the semantics of pictures, this article analyzes the unique contribution of some representative books to the development of the discourse of the coup as a "second independence." To that end the article crosses an iconographic analysis and a rhetoric of the image analysis with unpublished documents and government literature, publications from the editorial and pertinent bibliography suggesting that the illustrations, "illustrate" an anti-Marxist and anti-party discourse. This symbolizes the patriotic and the unpatriotic, intensifying the dichotomy of the Allendista and the post-coup experience, and ritualizing the celebration of September eleventh.

  11. Report of “the 2013 international forum on peaceful use of nuclear energy, nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear security. Ensuring nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear security of nuclear fuel cycle options in consideration of the accident at TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station”

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yamamura, Tsukasa; Suda, Kazunori; Tomikawa, Hirofumi; Suzuki, Mitsutoshi; Kuno, Yusuke; Mochiji, Toshiro

    2014-03-01

    The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) held “International Forum on Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Non-proliferation and Nuclear Security – Ensuring Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Nuclear Security of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Options in consideration of the Accident at TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station –” on 3 and 4 December 2013, with the Japan Institute of International Affairs (JIIA) and School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, as co-hosts. In the Forum, officials from Japan, the United States, France and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) explained their efforts regarding peaceful use of nuclear energy and nuclear non-proliferation. Discussion was made in two panels, entitled “Nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear security measures of nuclear fuel cycle options in consideration of the Accident at TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station” and “Roles of safeguards and technical measures for ensuring nuclear non-proliferation for nuclear fuel cycle options”. In the first panel based on the implications of the Accident at TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station on the domestic and global nuclear energy use and increased interest in the back end of nuclear fuel cycle, discussion was made on nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear security challenges on both fuel cycle options from the policy and institutional viewpoints whereas in the second panel the roles of safeguards and proliferation resistant nuclear technology including plutonium burning technology in ensuring nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear security in the back end of nuclear fuel cycle were discussed. Officials and experts from Japan, IAEA, the United States, France and Republic of Korea participated in the panel and made contributions to active discussion. This report includes abstracts of keynote speeches, summaries of two panel discussions and materials of the presentations in the forum. The editors take full responsibility for the wording

  12. La expansión del quejigo (Quercus faginea en el Prepirineo Aragonés durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kouba, Y.

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available The expansion of Quercus faginea Lam. -due to a decrease in human pressure- was investigated in seven municipalities of the Aragón’s Pre-Pyrenees over the second half of the twentieth century. The rural emigration that occurred in this area since 1960s has generated a massive abandonment of agricultural lands and a decrease in livestock pressure. As a result, some abandoned fields have been colonized by Q. faginea; specially, in the municipalities that have known a marked decrease in the numbers of farmers and livestock. With the continued decrease of human pressure in the territory, it is expected that Q. faginea will colonize new areas during the next years as a result of secondary succession.Se investigó la expansión de Quercus faginea Lam. (quejigo debida a la disminución de la presión antrópica en siete municipios del Prepirineo Aragonés durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX. La emigración rural que ha ocurrido en esta zona a partir de los años sesenta ha producido un abandono masivo de las tierras agrícolas junto con la disminución de la presión pastoral. Como resultado algunos de los campos abandonados han sido colonizados por el quejigo, sobre todo en los municipios con una disminución notable en el número de agricultores y cabezas de ganado. Se espera que, con la continua disminución de la presión humana en el territorio, los quejigares colonicen nuevas áreas en los próximos años como resultado de la sucesión secundaria.

  13. The nuclear arsenals and nuclear disarmament.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Barnaby, F

    1998-01-01

    Current world stockpiles of nuclear weapons and the status of treaties for nuclear disarmament and the ultimate elimination of nuclear weapons are summarised. The need for including stockpiles of civil plutonium in a programme for ending production and disposing of fissile materials is emphasized, and the ultimate difficulty of disposing of the last few nuclear weapons discussed.

  14. Nuclear power generation and nuclear non-proliferation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rathjens, G.

    1979-01-01

    The main points existing between nuclear energy development and nuclear non-proliferation policy are reviewed. The solar energy and other energy will replace for nuclear fission energy in the twenty first century, but it may not occur in the first half, and the structure has to be established to continue the development of nuclear fission technology, including breeder reactor technology. In the near future, it should be encouraged to use advanced thermal reactors if they are economic and operated with safety. Miserable results may be created in the worldwide scale, if a serious accident occurs anywhere or nuclear power reactors are utilized for military object. It is estimated to be possible to develop the ability of manufacturing nuclear weapons within two or three years in the countries where the industry is highly developed so as to generate nuclear power. It is also difficult to take measures so that nuclear power generation does not increase nuclear proliferation problems, and it is necessary to mitigate the motive and to establish the international organization. Concensus exists that as the minimum security action, the storage and transportation of materials, which can be directly utilized for nuclear weapons, should be decided by the international system. The most portions of sensitive nuclear fuel cycle should be put under the international management, as far as possible. This problem is discussed in INFCE. Related to the nuclear nonproliferation, the difference of policy in fuel cycle problems between USA and the other countries, the enrichment of nuclear fuel material, especially the reasons to inhibit the construction of additional enrichment facilities, nuclear fuel reprocessing problems, radioactive waste disposal, plutonium stock and plutonium recycle problems are reviewed. (Nakai, Y.)

  15. Multielement determination in Cuban red mangrove samples using nuclear and related analytical techniques; Determinacion multielemental en muestras de mangles cubanos utilizando tecnicas analiticas nucleares y conexas

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Estevez Alvarez, J R; Aguiar Lambert, D; Montero Alvarez, A; Pupo Gonzalez, I; Padilla Alvarez, R [Centro de Estudios Aplicados al Desarrollo Nuclear, La Habana (Cuba); Gonzalez Garcia, H; Ramirez Sasco, M [Centro de Ingenieria y Manejo Ambiental de Bahias y Costas, La Habana (Cuba)

    1999-12-31

    In the present work the contents of Al; K; Ca; Mn; Fe; Ni; Cu; Zn; Sr; Cd and Pb in red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle) from different Cuban regions are determined, using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (Emission-Transmission (Et) and I/C methods), Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), and Polarography (Anodic Stripping Voltametry method). Biological Certified Reference Materials (CRM) are employed for the tracing of the tracing of the curves of the relative I/C method and for the evaluation of the analytical results accuracy. The reliability of the results is also checked by statistical means. Standard deviations and the detection limits of each method are reported. Finally, the obtained values for the concentration of the different elements in each studied ecosystem are presented; a detailed discussion about their significance will be performed in a further paper.

  16. Nuclear re-think [The case for nuclear energy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Moore, P.

    2006-01-01

    In the early 1970s, Patrick Moore, a co-founder of Greenpeace, believed that nuclear energy was synonymous with nuclear holocaust. Thirty years on, his views have changed because nuclear energy is the only non-greenhouse-gas-emitting power source that can effectively replace fossil fuels while satisfying the world's increasing demand for energy. Today, 441 nuclear plants operating globally avoid the release of nearly 3 billion tonnes of CO 2 emissions annually-the equivalent of the exhaust from more than 428 million cars. Concerns associated with nuclear energy are discussed including costs of nuclear energy, safety of nuclear plants, radioactive waste management, vulnerability of nuclear plants to terrorist attacks and diversion of nuclear fuel for weaponization. It is concluded that nuclear energy is the best way to produce safe, clean, reliable baseload electricity, and will play a key role in achieving global energy security. With climate change at the top of the international agenda, we must all do our part to encourage a nuclear energy renaissance

  17. Nuclear war nuclear proliferation and their consequences

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Aga Khan, Sadruddin

    1986-01-01

    The paper concerns the proceedings of a conference hosted by the Groupe de Bellerive to explore and discuss the implications for humanity of nuclear war, nuclear proliferation and their consequences, Geneva 1985. The conference was divided into five sessions, headed by the subject titles: the nuclear non-proliferation treaty (NPT) and its future, the spread of nuclear weapons among nations, global effects of a nuclear war, the nuclear arms race and arms control, the NPT and its future. Twenty eight papers were presented in the five sessions. (UK)

  18. Nuclear Inter Jura '91: nuclear law and nuclear energy for the future

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1992-01-01

    The 1991 congress of the International Nuclear Law Association took as its subject Nuclear Law and Nuclear Energy for the future. As well as individual reports, there were four sessions each covering the report of one or more working groups. The first session investigated licensing and decommissioning, while the second focussed on insurance and liability. The third session was devoted to nuclear supply and commerce at an international level. Finally radiological protection and nuclear waste management was discussed in the fourth session. (UK)

  19. Nuclear energy - some aspects; Energia nuclear - alguns aspectos

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Bandeira, Fausto de Paula Menezes

    2005-05-15

    This work presents a brief history of research and development concerning to nuclear technology worldwide and in Brazil, also information about radiations and radioactive elements as well; the nuclear technology applications; nuclear reactor types and functioning of thermonuclear power plants; the number of existing nuclear power plants; the nuclear hazards occurred; the national fiscalization of nuclear sector; the Brazilian legislation in effect and the propositions under proceduring at House of Representatives related to the nuclear energy.

  20. Clandestine nuclear trade and the threat of nuclear terrorism

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Spector, L.S.

    1987-01-01

    The nuclear netherworld may ultimately contribute to the danger of nuclear terrorism in at least three ways. First, as national governments exploit this underground market and nuclear weapons spread to additional states, the possibility that terrorists will gain access to them will grow. Such weapons in nuclear threshold countries are likely to be more vulnerable to terrorist seizure than they are in today's more advanced nuclear weapons states. Second, terrorist groups might seek to exploit the nuclear gray market themselves, using the same subterfuges that national governments use. Although in today's nuclear netherworld, subnational groups cannot obtain nuclear arms or nuclear weapons material and cannot hope to build the complex installations needed to produce the latter, they might be able to engage in a form of barter with sympathetic emerging nuclear states (for example, offering raw materials or needed nuclear hardware in return for nuclear weapons material. Finally, there is always the risk that nuclear arms or nuclear weapon materials will someday become available on the nuclear black market. There is evidence indicating that terrorist organizations might well be interested in acquiring such items. Understanding underground nuclear commerce in its current form is essential to prevent such future dangers

  1. The threat of nuclear terrorism: Nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Maerli, Morten Bremer

    2001-01-01

    Full text: Conventional weaponry and tactics are likely to remain the primary terrorist means for a definitive majority of sub-national groups. No non-state actors have ever deployed or used a nuclear device. However, recent developments in international terrorism may point in the direction of future terrorist uses of weapons of mass destruction, including nuclear devices. Some terrorist groups with a high international profile have showed disturbing interests in acquiring nuclear weapon capabilities. As the 'terrorist nuclear weapon standards' are likely to be lower than the strict requirements for traditional state nuclear weapons, technical barriers should not be considered sufficient to avoid future nuclear terrorist violence. Preventing any extremist group from achieving their goals of large-scale nuclear killing is likely best done by preventing the access to fissile materials through state compliances to rigorous standards of Material Protection, Control and Accountability (MPC and A). (author)

  2. Chinese nuclear insurance and Chinese nuclear insurance pool

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gong Zhiqi

    2000-01-01

    Chinese Nuclear Insurance Started with Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station, PICC issued the insurance policy. Nuclear insurance cooperation between Chinese and international pool's organizations was set up in 1989. In 1996, the Chinese Nuclear Insurance Pool was prepared. The Chinese Nuclear Insurance Pool was approved by The Chinese Insurance Regulatory Committee in May of 1999. The principal aim is to centralize maximum the insurance capacity for nuclear insurance from local individual insurers and to strengthen the reinsurance relations with international insurance pools so as to provide the high quality insurance service for Chinese nuclear industry. The Member Company of Chinese Nuclear Pool and its roles are introduced in this article

  3. Nuclear generation cost and nuclear research development fund

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, S. S.; Song, G. D.

    2000-01-01

    The main objective of this study is to analyze the effects of nuclear R and D fund to nuclear generation cost and to assess the adaptability of fund size through the comparison with the nuclear research fund in Japan. It was estimated that nuclear R and D fund increased the average annual unit cost of nuclear power generation by 1.14 won/kWh. When the size of nuclear R and D fund is compared with that in Japan, this study suggests that the current nuclear R and D fund should be largely increased taking into consideration the ratio of R and D fund to nuclear generation

  4. Rutas de circulación e intercambio de sal en la provincia de Tunja, segunda mitad del siglo XVI

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Blanca Ofelia Acuña Rodriguez

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available A través de este texto se pretende dar a conocer cómo las rutas de circulación de sal en la Provincia de Tunja contribuyeron a configurar un gran espacio económico, que integró a las provincias de Santa Fe, Pamplona y Tunja en el Nuevo Reino de Granada, durante el siglo XVI. Se partió de una reflexión historiográfica relacionada con la circulación y el comercio de la sal, los medios de transporte y las rutas usadas por los indígenas y los españoles; a partir de las cuales se consolidó un espacio económico mediado por la producción y distribución de la sal, que convirtió a la provincia de Tunja en un eje articulador de relaciones entre los sitios productores de sal en la provincia de Santa Fe y los consumidores de las provincias de Tunja y Pamplona. Esta articulación regional facilitó tanto la circulación de productos de distintos pisos térmicos, como la integración de un amplio territorio colonial. Esto debido a que la localización de Tunja como lugar de paso y conexión entre las Provincias de Santafé, Pamplona y los Llanos de San Juan, hizo de esta ciudad y sus términos un atractivo para el asentamiento hispano, a la vez que generó, durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVI, la posibilidad para que se organizaran en toda la Provincia de Tunja, sitios de aposento, venta y reventa de productos importados de España y productos de la tierra, para el sustento y abastecimiento de las necesidades básicas, y de esta forma sacar provecho de las producciones locales como la sal, el hayo, el algodón, las mantas y otros productos.

  5. 11-th International conference Nuclear power safety and nuclear education - 2009. Abstracts. Part 1. Session: Safety of nuclear technology; Innovative nuclear systems and fuel cycle; Nuclear knowledge management

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2009-01-01

    The book includes abstracts of the 11-th International conference Nuclear power safety and nuclear education - 2009 (29 Sep - 2 Oct, 2009, Obninsk). Problems of safety of nuclear technology are discussed, innovative nuclear systems and fuel cycles are treated. Abstracts on professional education for nuclear power and industry are presented. Nuclear knowledge management are discussed

  6. Nuclear 101, a course on the nuclear sector for workers in the nuclear sector

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Donev, J.M.K.C., E-mail: jason.donev@ucalgary.ca [Univ. of Calgary, Calgary, AB (Canada); Boreham, D.; Day, S., E-mail: boreham@mcmaster.ca, E-mail: dayse@mcmaster.ca [McMaster Univ., Hamilton, ON (Canada); Dranga, R.; Krasznai, J.; Matthews, R.; Whitlock, J. [Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River, ON (Canada)

    2014-07-01

    People who work in the nuclear science and technology community are often called upon in social situations to answer questions about the nuclear industry outside their area of direct expertise. In 2012 the Canadian Nuclear Society created 'Nuclear 101', a two-day general-level course to provide more information on the nuclear sector to people who are part of the nuclear science and technology community. This paper will discuss how Nuclear 101 aids public outreach discussions and the lessons learned after two years of operation, and will look at future directions for the course. (author)

  7. Nuclear 101, a course on the nuclear sector for workers in the nuclear sector

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Donev, J.M.K.C.; Boreham, D.; Day, S.; Dranga, R.; Krasznai, J.; Matthews, R.; Whitlock, J.

    2014-01-01

    People who work in the nuclear science and technology community are often called upon in social situations to answer questions about the nuclear industry outside their area of direct expertise. In 2012 the Canadian Nuclear Society created 'Nuclear 101', a two-day general-level course to provide more information on the nuclear sector to people who are part of the nuclear science and technology community. This paper will discuss how Nuclear 101 aids public outreach discussions and the lessons learned after two years of operation, and will look at future directions for the course. (author)

  8. Nuclear physics for nuclear fusion

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Li Xingzhong; Liu Bin; Wei Qingming; Ren Xianzhe

    2004-01-01

    The D-T fusion cross-section is calculated using quantum mechanics with the model of square nuclear potential well and Coulomb potential barrier. The agreement between ENDF data and the theoretically calculated results is well in the range of 0.2-280 keV. It shows that the application of Breit-Wigner formula is not suitable for the case of the light nuclei fusion reaction. When this model is applied to the nuclear reaction between the charged particles confined in a lattice, it explains the 'abnormal phenomena'. It implies a prospect of nuclear fusion energy without strong nuclear radiations

  9. New nuclear projects in the world. Sustainable Nuclear Energy; Nuevos proyectos nucleares en el mundo. energia nuclear sostenible

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Leon, P. T.

    2011-07-01

    Nuclear power has experienced a major boom in the last few years, primarily because it is a non-CO{sub 2} emitting energy source, it can be produced at competitive costs and it can boost a country's security of supply. there are still two issues to be addressed in relation to the currently used technologies: the degree to which the energy content of nuclear fuel is used, and wastes. A solution to both these aspects would ut nuclear power in the category of sustainable energy. The article provides details on current nuclear plans in the wold, the impact of the Fukushima accident on different countries nuclear plans and the European initiatives for sustainable nuclear energy development. (Author)

  10. Nuclear disarmament and peaceful nuclear technology

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Taylor, T.B.

    1989-01-01

    According to the author, it remains to be seen whether nuclear disarmament can reduce the risks of nuclear war sufficiently for the residual risks to be acceptable to a majority of the world's population, while at the same time vigorous growth in the world's dependence on nuclear energy for peaceful purposes continues. This paper discusses how use of nuclear materials from dismantled weapons as fuel for peaceful purposes may help progress to be made towards that goal, by stimulating considerable improvements in the effectiveness of arrangements for preventing diversion of the materials from peaceful to military purposes, while at the same time eliminating large numbers of nuclear weapons

  11. Nuclear power and nuclear safety 2008

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lauritzen, B.; Oelgaard, P.L.; Kampmann, D.

    2009-06-01

    The report is the fifth report in a series of annual reports on the international development of nuclear power production, with special emphasis on safety issues and nuclear emergency preparedness. The report is written in collaboration between Risoe DTU and the Danish Emergency Management Agency. The report for 2008 covers the following topics: status of nuclear power production, regional trends, reactor development, safety related events of nuclear power, and international relations and conflicts. (LN)

  12. Medios comerciales y ciudadanos de segunda Medios comerciales y ciudadanos de segunda

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Víctor Sampedro

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available El trabajo presenta los resultados de un análisis empírico basado en la comparación de historias de vida de dos muestras representativas de jóvenes adultos (de 18 a 25 años en investiga desfavorecida en invest y España, como un momento investiga a otro en que se comparaba a investi universitarios de España y los EEUU. Los autores someten a investigación la investiga de que los medios se han erigido en agentes de socialización política de las nuevas generaciones de votantes y que su estatus socioeconómico será relevante para la asunción del estatus de ciudadanía en unos sistemas mediático-políticos cada vez más mercantilizados. El material empírico de este artículo apoya la tesis de que a más comercialización mediática y a menor estatus socioeconómico del público, el discurso de la ciudadanía distancia la esfera pública de la esfera social y privada de las audiencias.This paper presents the outcome of an empirical analysis through the comration of life stories of two representative samples of young adults (between 18 and 25 of low socio-economic status in Brazil and Spain as an aftermath of another work in which young College students from Spain and USA were compared. The authors test their hypothesis that the media have become agents of political socialization of the new generations of voters y that their socio-economic status will be determinant when the time comes in which they have to assume their role as citizens within political and media systems more and more constrained by market considerations. The empirical date of the study backs the thesis that the greater the market character of media and the lower the socio-economic status of the public, the citizen’s discourse tends to keep the public sphere apart from the social and private ones of the audiencies.

  13. Report of the international forum on nuclear energy, nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear security. Measures to ensure nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear security for the back end of nuclear fuel cycle and regional cooperation in Asia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tazaki, Makiko; Yamamura, Tsukasa; Suzuki, Mitsutoshi; Kuno, Yusuke; Mochiji, Toshiro

    2013-03-01

    The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) held 'International Forum on Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Non-proliferation and Nuclear Security - Measures to ensure nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear security for the back end of nuclear fuel cycle and regional cooperation in Asia-' on 12 and 13 December 2012, co-hosted by the Japan Institute of International Affairs (JIIA) and School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo. In the forum, keynote speakers from Japan, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the U.S., France and Republic of Korea (ROK), respectively explained their efforts regarding peaceful use of nuclear energy and nuclear non-proliferation. In two panel discussions, entitled 'Measures to ensure nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear security of nuclear fuel cycle back end' and 'Measures to ensure nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear security for nuclear energy use in the Asian region and a multilateral cooperative framework', active discussions were made among panelists from Japan, IAEA, the U.S., France, ROK, Russia and Kazakhstan. This report includes abstracts of keynote speeches, summaries of two panel discussions and materials of the presentations in the forum. The editors take full responsibility for the wording and content of this report except presentation materials. (author)

  14. Nuclear topics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lukner, C.

    1982-07-01

    The pamphlet touches on all aspects of nuclear energy, from the world energy demands and consumption, the energy program of the Federal Government, nuclear power plants in the world, nuclear fusion, nuclear liability up to the nuclear fuel cycle and the shutdown of nuclear power plants. (HSCH) [de

  15. Nuclear proliferation and the near-nuclear countries

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Marwah, O.; Schulz, A.

    1975-01-01

    The process of nuclear proliferation and its consequences for the international political system is examined by focusing on the issues in the nuclear-strategic debate that divide first and second order states. Information is included on: the US-USSR arms race; SALT agreement; the Non-Proliferation Treaty; the nuclear aspirations and policies of India, Middle Eastern countries, South Africa, Japan, Brazil, and Argentina; and assessment of the risks related to the nuclear fuel cycle and nuclear weapons

  16. Redefining interrelationship between nuclear safety, nuclear security and safeguards

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Irie, Kazutomo

    2011-01-01

    Since the beginning of this century, the so-called 3Ss (Nuclear Safety, Nuclear Security and Safeguards) have become major regulatory areas for peaceful uses of nuclear energy. The importance of the 3Ss is now emphasized to countries which are newly introducing nuclear power generation. However, as role models for those newcomers, existing nuclear power countries are also required to strengthen their regulatory infrastructure for the 3Ss. In order to rationalize the allocation of regulatory resources, interrelationship of the 3Ss should be investigated. From the viewpoint of the number of the parties concerned in regulation, nuclear security is peculiar with having 'aggressors' as the third party. From the viewpoint of final goal of regulation, nuclear security in general and safeguards share the goal of preventing non-peaceful uses of nuclear energy, though the goal of anti-sabotage within nuclear security is rather similar to nuclear safety. As often recognized, safeguards are representative of various policy tools for nuclear non-proliferation. Strictly speaking, it is not safeguards as a policy tool but nuclear non-proliferation as a policy purpose that should be parallel to other policy purposes (nuclear safety and nuclear security). That suggests 'SSN' which stands for Safety, Security and Non-proliferation is a better abbreviation rather than 3Ss. Safeguards as a policy tool should be enumerated along with nuclear safety regulation, nuclear security measures and trade controls on nuclear-related items. Trade controls have been playing an important role for nuclear non-proliferation. These policy tools can be called 'SSST' in which Trade controls are also emphasized along with Safety regulation, Security measures and Safeguards. Recently, it becomes quite difficult to clearly demarcate these policy tools. As nuclear security concept is expanding, the denotation of nuclear security measures is also expanding. Nuclear security measures are more and more

  17. Nuclear

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2014-01-01

    This document proposes a presentation and discussion of the main notions, issues, principles, or characteristics related to nuclear energy: radioactivity (presence in the environment, explanation, measurement, periods and activities, low doses, applications), fuel cycle (front end, mining and ore concentration, refining and conversion, fuel fabrication, in the reactor, back end with reprocessing and recycling, transport), the future of the thorium-based fuel cycle (motivations, benefits and drawbacks), nuclear reactors (principles of fission reactors, reactor types, PWR reactors, BWR, heavy-water reactor, high temperature reactor of HTR, future reactors), nuclear wastes (classification, packaging and storage, legal aspects, vitrification, choice of a deep storage option, quantities and costs, foreign practices), radioactive releases of nuclear installations (main released radio-elements, radioactive releases by nuclear reactors and by La Hague plant, gaseous and liquid effluents, impact of releases, regulation), the OSPAR Convention, management and safety of nuclear activities (from control to quality insurance, to quality management and to sustainable development), national safety bodies (mission, means, organisation and activities of ASN, IRSN, HCTISN), international bodies, nuclear and medicine (applications of radioactivity, medical imagery, radiotherapy, doses in nuclear medicine, implementation, the accident in Epinal), nuclear and R and D (past R and D programmes and expenses, main actors in France and present funding, main R and D axis, international cooperation)

  18. Nuclear rights - nuclear wrongs

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Paul, E.F.; Miller, F.D.; Paul, J.; Ahrens, J.

    1986-01-01

    This book contains 11 selections. The titles are: Three Ways to Kill Innocent Bystanders: Some Conundrums Concerning the Morality of War; The International Defense of Liberty; Two Concepts of Deterrence; Nuclear Deterrence and Arms Control; Ethical Issues for the 1980s; The Moral Status of Nuclear Deterrent Threats; Optimal Deterrence; Morality and Paradoxical Deterrence; Immoral Risks: A Deontological Critique of Nuclear Deterrence; No War Without Dictatorship, No Peace Without Democracy: Foreign Policy as Domestic Politics; Marxism-Leninism and its Strategic Implications for the United States; Tocqueveille War.

  19. White Paper on Nuclear Astrophysics and Low Energy Nuclear Physics - Part 1. Nuclear Astrophysics

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Arcones, Almudena [Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Escher, Jutta E. [Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Others, M. [Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

    2016-04-04

    This white paper informs the nuclear astrophysics community and funding agencies about the scientific directions and priorities of the field and provides input from this community for the 2015 Nuclear Science Long Range Plan. It summarizes the outcome of the nuclear astrophysics town meeting that was held on August 21 - 23, 2014 in College Station at the campus of Texas A&M University in preparation of the NSAC Nuclear Science Long Range Plan. It also reflects the outcome of an earlier town meeting of the nuclear astrophysics community organized by the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA) on October 9 - 10, 2012 Detroit, Michigan, with the purpose of developing a vision for nuclear astrophysics in light of the recent NRC decadal surveys in nuclear physics (NP2010) and astronomy (ASTRO2010). The white paper is furthermore informed by the town meeting of the Association of Research at University Nuclear Accelerators (ARUNA) that took place at the University of Notre Dame on June 12 - 13, 2014. In summary we find that nuclear astrophysics is a modern and vibrant field addressing fundamental science questions at the intersection of nuclear physics and astrophysics. These questions relate to the origin of the elements, the nuclear engines that drive life and death of stars, and the properties of dense matter. A broad range of nuclear accelerator facilities, astronomical observatories, theory efforts, and computational capabilities are needed. With the developments outlined in this white paper, answers to long-standing key questions are well within reach in the coming decade.

  20. White paper on nuclear astrophysics and low energy nuclear physics Part 1: Nuclear astrophysics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Arcones, Almudena; Bardayan, Dan W.

    2016-01-01

    This white paper informs the nuclear astrophysics community and funding agencies about the scientific directions and priorities of the field and provides input from this community for the 2015 Nuclear Science Long Range Plan. It also summarizes the outcome of the nuclear astrophysics town meeting that was held on August 21–23, 2014 in College Station at the campus of Texas A&M University in preparation of the NSAC Nuclear Science Long Range Plan. It also reflects the outcome of an earlier town meeting of the nuclear astrophysics community organized by the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA) on October 9–10, 2012 Detroit, Michigan, with the purpose of developing a vision for nuclear astrophysics in light of the recent NRC decadal surveys in nuclear physics (NP2010) and astronomy (ASTRO2010). Our white paper is informed informed by the town meeting of the Association of Research at University Nuclear Accelerators (ARUNA) that took place at the University of Notre Dame on June 12–13, 2014. In summary we find that nuclear astrophysics is a modern and vibrant field addressing fundamental science questions at the intersection of nuclear physics and astrophysics. These questions relate to the origin of the elements, the nuclear engines that drive life and death of stars, and the properties of dense matter. A broad range of nuclear accelerator facilities, astronomical observatories, theory efforts, and computational capabilities are needed. Answers to long standing key questions are well within reach in the coming decade because of the developments outlined in this white paper.

  1. Nuclear Medicine

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Parents/Teachers Resource Links for Students Glossary Nuclear Medicine What is nuclear medicine? What are radioactive tracers? ... funded researchers advancing nuclear medicine? What is nuclear medicine? Nuclear medicine is a medical specialty that uses ...

  2. BS degree in nuclear engineering or a nuclear option

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Williams on, T.G.

    1988-01-01

    Many nuclear engineering educators are concerned about the health of nuclear engineering academic departments. As part of a review of the BS nuclear engineering degree program at the University of Virginia, the authors surveyed several local utilities with operating nuclear plants about their needs for nuclear engineering graduates. The perception of many of the utility executives about a nuclear engineering degree and about a nuclear option in another engineering curriculum does not agree with the way the authors view these two degrees. The responses to two of the survey questions were of particular interest: (1) does your company have a preference between nuclear engineering graduates and graduates in other fields with a nuclear option? (2) what do you consider to be a minimum level of education in nuclear engineering for a nuclear option in mechanical engineering? All of the four utilities that were surveyed stated a preference for mechanical or electrical engineers with a nuclear option, although two indicated that there are certain jobs for which a nuclear engineering graduate is desired

  3. 76 FR 19148 - Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc., Entergy Nuclear Vermont Yankee, LLC, Vermont Yankee Nuclear...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-04-06

    ... NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION [Docket No. 50-271; License No. DPR-28; NRC-2011-0074] Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc., Entergy Nuclear Vermont Yankee, LLC, Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Station..., ``Requests for Action under this Subpart,'' the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) take action with...

  4. Quantum nuclear pasta and nuclear symmetry energy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fattoyev, F. J.; Horowitz, C. J.; Schuetrumpf, B.

    2017-05-01

    Complex and exotic nuclear geometries, collectively referred to as "nuclear pasta," are expected to appear naturally in dense nuclear matter found in the crusts of neutron stars and supernovae environments. The pasta geometries depend on the average baryon density, proton fraction, and temperature and are critically important in the determination of many transport properties of matter in supernovae and the crusts of neutron stars. Using a set of self-consistent microscopic nuclear energy density functionals, we present the first results of large scale quantum simulations of pasta phases at baryon densities 0.03 ≤ρ ≤0.10 fm-3 , proton fractions 0.05 ≤Yp≤0.40 , and zero temperature. The full quantum simulations, in particular, allow us to thoroughly investigate the role and impact of the nuclear symmetry energy on pasta configurations. We use the Sky3D code that solves the Skyrme Hartree-Fock equations on a three-dimensional Cartesian grid. For the nuclear interaction we use the state-of-the-art UNEDF1 parametrization, which was introduced to study largely deformed nuclei, hence is suitable for studies of the nuclear pasta. Density dependence of the nuclear symmetry energy is simulated by tuning two purely isovector observables that are insensitive to the current available experimental data. We find that a minimum total number of nucleons A =2000 is necessary to prevent the results from containing spurious shell effects and to minimize finite size effects. We find that a variety of nuclear pasta geometries are present in the neutron star crust, and the result strongly depends on the nuclear symmetry energy. The impact of the nuclear symmetry energy is less pronounced as the proton fractions increase. Quantum nuclear pasta calculations at T =0 MeV are shown to get easily trapped in metastable states, and possible remedies to avoid metastable solutions are discussed.

  5. Two-stage nuclear refrigeration with enhanced nuclear moments

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hunik, R.

    1979-01-01

    Experiments are described in which an enhanced nuclear system is used as a precoolant for a nuclear demagnetisation stage. The results show the promising advantages of such a system in those circumstances for which a large cooling power is required at extremely low temperatures. A theoretical review of nuclear enhancement at the microscopic level and its macroscopic thermodynamical consequences is given. The experimental equipment for the implementation of the nuclear enhanced refrigeration method is described and the experiments on two-stage nuclear demagnetisation are discussed. With the nuclear enhanced system PrCu 6 the author could precool a nuclear stage of indium in a magnetic field of 6 T down to temperatures below 10 mK; this resulted in temperature below 1 mK after demagnetisation of the indium. It is demonstrated that the interaction energy between the nuclear moments in an enhanced nuclear system can exceed the nuclear dipolar interaction. Several experiments are described on pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance, as utilised for thermometry purposes. It is shown that platinum NMR-thermometry gives very satisfactory results around 1 mK. The results of experiments on nuclear orientation of radioactive nuclei, e.g. the brute force polarisation of 95 NbPt and 60 CoCu, are presented, some of which are of major importance for the thermometry in the milli-Kelvin region. (Auth.)

  6. Redefining interrelationship between nuclear safety, nuclear security and safeguards

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Irie, Kazutomo

    2012-01-01

    Since the beginning of this century, the so-called 3Ss (Nuclear Safety, Nuclear Security and Safeguards) have become major regulatory areas for peaceful uses of nuclear energy. In order to rationalize the allocation of regulatory resources, interrelationship of the 3Ss should be investigated. From the viewpoint of the number of the parties concerned in regulation, nuclear security is peculiar with having “aggressors” as the third party. From the viewpoint of final goal of regulation, nuclear security in general and safeguards share the goal of preventing non-peaceful uses of nuclear energy, though the goal of anti-sabotage within nuclear security is rather similar to nuclear safety. As often recognized, safeguards are representative of various policy tools for nuclear non-proliferation. Strictly speaking, it is not safeguards as a policy tool but nuclear non-proliferation as a policy purpose that should be parallel to other policy purposes (nuclear safety and nuclear security). That suggests “SSN” which stands for Safety, Security and Non-proliferation is a better abbreviation rather than 3Ss. Safeguards as a policy tool should be enumerated along with nuclear safety regulation, nuclear security measures and trade controls on nuclear-related items. Trade controls have been playing an important role for nuclear non-proliferation. These policy tools can be called “SSST” in which Trade controls are also emphasized along with Safety regulation, Security measures and Safeguards. (author)

  7. Nuclear power and nuclear safety 2006

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lauritzen, B.; Oelgaard, P.L.; Kampmann, D.; Majborn, B.; Nonboel, E.; Nystrup, P.E.

    2007-04-01

    The report is the fourth report in a series of annual reports on the international development of nuclear power production, with special emphasis on safety issues and nuclear emergency preparedness. The report is written in collaboration between Risoe National Laboratory and the Danish Emergency Management Agency. The report for 2006 covers the following topics: status of nuclear power production, regional trends, reactor development and development of emergency management systems, safety related events of nuclear power, and international relations and conflicts. (LN)

  8. Nuclear power and nuclear safety 2004

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2005-03-01

    The report is the second report in a new series of annual reports on the international development of nuclear power production, with special emphasis on safety issues and nuclear emergency preparedness. The report is written in collaboration between Risoe National Laboratory and the Danish Emergency Management Agency. The report for 2004 covers the following topics: status of nuclear power production, regional trends, reactor development and development of emergency management systems, safety related events of nuclear power and international relations and conflicts. (ln)

  9. Nuclear power and nuclear safety 2005

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lauritzen, B.; Oelgaard, P.L.; Kampman, D.; Majborn, B.; Nonboel, E.; Nystrup, P.E.

    2006-03-01

    The report is the third report in a series of annual reports on the international development of nuclear power production, with special emphasis on safety issues and nuclear emergency preparedness. The report is written in collaboration between Risoe National Laboratory and the Danish Emergency Management Agency. The report for 2005 covers the following topics: status of nuclear power production, regional trends, reactor development and development of emergency management systems, safety related events of nuclear power and international relations and conflicts. (ln)

  10. Position paper on nuclear proliferation issues preventing nuclear proliferation. A duty for the nuclear community

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Goldschmidt, Pierre; Bonin, Bernard [ENS High Scientific Council, Brussels (Belgium)

    2010-06-15

    The production of electricity from nuclear power plants is widely seen today as having an increasing role to play in meeting global energy requirements in a sustainable manner. Conscious of the inherently sensitive nature of nuclear technology and materials the ENS-HSC (European Nuclear Society - High Scientific Council) is well aware that a severe safety, security, environmental or proliferation mishap stemming from nuclear energy anywhere in the world would undermine the potential for nuclear energy to contribute to the global energy supply and the minimization of harmful carbon emissions. While the safety of nuclear power plants has continuously improved over the last three decades, the same degree of success cannot be claimed when it comes to the achievements of the international community in stemming the risk of nuclear weapons proliferation. This unfortunate situation is due to both technical and political reasons. The European nuclear industry is committed to the exclusively peaceful use of nuclear energy and to export nuclear facilities and related materials, equipment and technology solely in accordance with relevant national export laws and regulations, Nuclear Suppliers Group guidelines and pertinent United Nations Security Council Resolutions. The ENS-HSC considers that, as a manifestation of their strong commitment to nonproliferation, it is important for the nuclear industry to pay special attention to and promote proliferation-resistant designs and to take IAEA safeguards requirements into account at the design stage. Preventing nuclear proliferation is primarily the responsibility of states but, as major stakeholders, the nuclear industry and scientific community should actively support nuclear disarmament as foreseen in the Non-Proliferation Treaty and measures necessary to strengthen the non-proliferation regime, particularly the international control of the flux of nuclear material and technology. (orig.)

  11. Position paper on nuclear proliferation issues preventing nuclear proliferation. A duty for the nuclear community

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Goldschmidt, Pierre; Bonin, Bernard

    2010-01-01

    The production of electricity from nuclear power plants is widely seen today as having an increasing role to play in meeting global energy requirements in a sustainable manner. Conscious of the inherently sensitive nature of nuclear technology and materials the ENS-HSC (European Nuclear Society - High Scientific Council) is well aware that a severe safety, security, environmental or proliferation mishap stemming from nuclear energy anywhere in the world would undermine the potential for nuclear energy to contribute to the global energy supply and the minimization of harmful carbon emissions. While the safety of nuclear power plants has continuously improved over the last three decades, the same degree of success cannot be claimed when it comes to the achievements of the international community in stemming the risk of nuclear weapons proliferation. This unfortunate situation is due to both technical and political reasons. The European nuclear industry is committed to the exclusively peaceful use of nuclear energy and to export nuclear facilities and related materials, equipment and technology solely in accordance with relevant national export laws and regulations, Nuclear Suppliers Group guidelines and pertinent United Nations Security Council Resolutions. The ENS-HSC considers that, as a manifestation of their strong commitment to nonproliferation, it is important for the nuclear industry to pay special attention to and promote proliferation-resistant designs and to take IAEA safeguards requirements into account at the design stage. Preventing nuclear proliferation is primarily the responsibility of states but, as major stakeholders, the nuclear industry and scientific community should actively support nuclear disarmament as foreseen in the Non-Proliferation Treaty and measures necessary to strengthen the non-proliferation regime, particularly the international control of the flux of nuclear material and technology. (orig.)

  12. A IDEIA DE ATRASO E O PAPEL DA EDUCAÇÃO NA MODERNIZAÇÃO PORTUGUESA DA SEGUNDA METADE DO SÉCULO XVIII

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eduardo Teixeira de Carvalho Jr.

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available RESUMO:Neste artigo, discute-se as ideias de atraso e de reforma como elementos-chave para se compreender o papel da educação no processo reformista em Portugal, na segunda metade do século XVIII. Analisando algumas ideias de D. Luiz da Cunha, Antonio Nunes Ribeiro Sanches e Luiz Antonio Verney, argumenta-se que a ideia de atraso foi fundamental para legitimar e justificar a necessidade de reformas do período pombalino. Assim, pretende-se contribuir para uma melhor compreensão do contexto das ideias no governo de D. João V e seus efeitos no governo de D. José I, no âmbito do debate historiográfico sobre o Iluminismo em Portugal.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação; Iluminismo; Portugal; Século XVIII. ABSTRACT:This article discusses the ideas of delay and reform as key elements to understand the role of education in the portuguese reformist process during the second half of the XVIII Century. Analyzing some ideas of D. Luiz da Cunha, Antonio Nunes Ribeiro Sanches and Luiz Antonio Verney, the argument is that the delay was fundamental to legitimize and justify the need of reforms in the pombalino period. Therefore, it intends to contribute for a better comprehension of the ideas in the D. João V government context, its effects in the government of D. José I and for the historiographic debate on the Enlightenment in Portugal.KEYWORDS: Education; Enlightenment; Portugal XVIII Century.Recebido: 30/06/2012     Aceito:19/10/2012

  13. Nuclear moments

    CERN Document Server

    Kopferman, H; Massey, H S W

    1958-01-01

    Nuclear Moments focuses on the processes, methodologies, reactions, and transformations of molecules and atoms, including magnetic resonance and nuclear moments. The book first offers information on nuclear moments in free atoms and molecules, including theoretical foundations of hyperfine structure, isotope shift, spectra of diatomic molecules, and vector model of molecules. The manuscript then takes a look at nuclear moments in liquids and crystals. Discussions focus on nuclear paramagnetic and magnetic resonance and nuclear quadrupole resonance. The text discusses nuclear moments and nucl

  14. The applications of nuclear techniques in nuclear medicine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhao Huiyang

    1986-01-01

    There are a great deal of advanced techniques in nuclear medicine imaging, because many recent achivements of nuclear techniques have been applied to medicine in recent years. This paper presents the effects of nuclear techniques in development of nuclear medicine imaging. The first part describes radiopharmaceuticals and nuclear medicine imaging including commonly used 99m Tc labeled agents and cyclotron produced radionuclides for organ imaging. The second part describes nuclear medicine instrucments, including PECT, SPECT, MRI ect.; and discussions on the advantages, disadvantages and present status

  15. Nuclear energy and nuclear technology in Switzerland

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Graf, P.

    1975-01-01

    The energy crisis, high fuel costs and slow progress in the development of alternative energy sources, e.g. solar energy have given further impetus to nuclear power generation. The Swiss nuclear energy programme is discussed and details are given of nuclear station in operation, under construction, in the project stage and of Swiss participation in foreign nuclear stations. Reference is made to the difficulties, delays and resulting cost increases caused by local and regional opposition to nuclear power stations. The significant contributions made by Swiss industry and Swiss consulting engineers are discussed. (P.G.R.)

  16. Nuclear power and the nuclear fuel cycle

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Scurr, I.F.; Silver, J.M.

    1990-01-01

    Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization maintains an ongoing assessment of the world's nuclear technology developments, as a core activity of its Strategic Plan. This publication reviews the current status of the nuclear power and the nuclear fuel cycle in Australia and around the world. Main issues discussed include: performances and economics of various types of nuclear reactors, uranium resources and requirements, fuel fabrication and technology, radioactive waste management. A brief account of the large international effort to demonstrate the feasibility of fusion power is also given. 11 tabs., ills

  17. Nuclear winter or nuclear fall?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Berger, André

    Climate is universal. If a major modern nuclear war (i.e., with a large number of small-yield weapons) were to happen, it is not even necessary to have a specific part of the world directly involved for there to be cause to worry about the consequences for its inhabitants and their future. Indeed, smoke from fires ignited by the nuclear explosions would be transported by winds all over the world, causing dark and cold. According to the first study, by Turco et al. [1983], air surface temperature over continental areas of the northern mid-latitudes (assumed to be the nuclear war theatre) would fall to winter levels even in summer (hence the term “nuclear winter”) and induce drastic climatic conditions for several months at least. The devastating effects of a nuclear war would thus last much longer than was assumed initially. Discussing to what extent these estimations of long-term impacts on climate are reliable is the purpose of this article.

  18. Asia nuclear-test-ban network for nuclear non-proliferation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shinohara, Nobuo; Kokaji, Lisa; Ichimasa, Sukeyuki

    2010-01-01

    In Global Center of Excellence Program of The University of Tokyo, Non- Proliferation Study Committee by the members of nuclear industries, electricity utilities, nuclear energy institutes and universities has initiated on October 2008 from the viewpoints of investigating a package of measures for nuclear non-proliferation and bringing up young people who will support the near-future nuclear energy system. One of the non-proliferation issues in the Committee is the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT). Objective of this treaty is to cease all nuclear weapon test explosions and all other nuclear explosion. This purpose should be contributed effectively to the political stability of the Asian region by continuous efforts to eliminate the nuclear weapons. In the Committee, by extracting several issues related to the CTBT, conception of 'Asia nuclear-test-ban network for nuclear non-proliferation' has been discussed with the aim of the nuclear-weapon security in Asian region, where environmental nuclear-test monitoring data is mainly treated and utilized. In this paper, the conception of the 'network' is presented in detail. (author)

  19. Strategy of nuclear power in Korea, non-nuclear-weapon state and peaceful use of nuclear power

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nagasaki, Takao

    2005-01-01

    The nuclear power plant started at Kori in Korea in April, 1978. Korea has carried out development of nuclear power as a national policy. The present capacity of nuclear power plants takes the sixes place in the world. It supplies 42% total power generation. The present state of nuclear power plant, nuclear fuel cycle facility, strategy of domestic production of nuclear power generation, development of next generation reactor and SMART, strategy of export in corporation with industry, government and research organization, export of nuclear power generation in Japan, nuclear power improvement project with Japan, Korea and Asia, development of nuclear power system with nuclear diffusion resistance, Hybrid Power Extraction Reactor System, radioactive waste management and construction of joint management and treatment system of spent fuel in Asia are stated. (S.Y.)

  20. Nuclear power

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Abd Khalik Wood

    2005-01-01

    This chapter discussed the following topics related to the nuclear power: nuclear reactions, nuclear reactors and its components - reactor fuel, fuel assembly, moderator, control system, coolants. The topics titled nuclear fuel cycle following subtopics are covered: , mining and milling, tailings, enrichment, fuel fabrication, reactor operations, radioactive waste and fuel reprocessing. Special topic on types of nuclear reactor highlighted the reactors for research, training, production, material testing and quite detail on reactors for electricity generation. Other related topics are also discussed: sustainability of nuclear power, renewable nuclear fuel, human capital, environmental friendly, emission free, impacts on global warming and air pollution, conservation and preservation, and future prospect of nuclear power

  1. Nuclear power and the nuclear fuel cycle

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hardy, C.J.; Silver, J.M.

    1985-09-01

    The report provides data and assessments of the status and prospects of nuclear power and the nuclear fuel cycle. The report discusses the economic competitiveness of nuclear electricity generation, the extent of world uranium resources, production and requirements, uranium conversion and enrichment, fuel fabrication, spent fuel treatment and radioactive waste management. A review is given of the status of nuclear fusion research

  2. Building world-wide nuclear industry success stories - Safe management of nuclear waste and used nuclear fuel

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Saint-Pierre, S.

    2005-01-01

    Full text: This WNA Position Statement summarizes the worldwide nuclear industry's record, progress and plans in safely managing nuclear waste and used nuclear fuel. The global industry's safe waste management practices cover the entire nuclear fuel-cycle, from the mining of uranium to the long-term disposal of end products from nuclear power reactors. The Statement's aim is to provide, in clear and accurate terms, the nuclear industry's 'story' on a crucially important subject often clouded by misinformation. Inevitably, each country and each company employs a management strategy appropriate to a specific national and technical context. This Position Statement reflects a confident industry consensus that a common dedication to sound practices throughout the nuclear industry worldwide is continuing to enhance an already robust global record of safe management of nuclear waste and used nuclear fuel. This text focuses solely on modern civil programmes of nuclear-electricity generation. It does not deal with the substantial quantities of waste from military or early civil nuclear programmes. These wastes fall into the category of 'legacy activities' and are generally accepted as a responsibility of national governments. The clean-up of wastes resulting from 'legacy activities' should not be confused with the limited volume of end products that are routinely produced and safely managed by today's nuclear energy industry. On the significant subject of 'Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities', which is integral to modern civil nuclear power programmes, the WNA will offer a separate Position Statement covering the industry's safe management of nuclear waste in this context. The safe management of nuclear waste and used nuclear fuel is a widespread, well-demonstrated reality. This strong safety record reflects a high degree of nuclear industry expertise and of industry responsibility toward the well-being of current and future generations. Accumulating experience and

  3. Development of nuclear energy and nuclear policy in China

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    You Deliang

    1993-11-01

    Status of nuclear power development in China, nuclear policy and nuclear power programme are described. Issues regarding nuclear fuel cycle system, radioactive waste management and international cooperation in the field of peaceful use of nuclear energy are discussed

  4. The Nuclear Review: the Institution of Nuclear Engineers' response to the Review of Nuclear Power

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Anon.

    1994-01-01

    The United Kingdom Government's Nuclear Review currently underway, addresses whether and in what form nuclear power should continue to be part of the country's power generation capability. This article sets out the response of the Institution of Nuclear Engineers to the Nuclear Review. This pro-nuclear group emphasises the benefits to be gained from diversity of generation in the energy supply industry. The environmentally benign nature of nuclear power is emphasised, in terms of gaseous emissions. The industry's excellent safety record also argues in favour of nuclear power. Finally, as power demand increases globally, a health U.K. nuclear industry could generate British wealth through power exports and via the construction industry. The Institution's view on radioactive waste management is also set out. (UK)

  5. Evaluation of a second uterine flushing on embryo recovery in Nelore cows / Avaliação de uma segunda lavagem uterina sobre a recuperacão de embriões em vacas Nelore

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo Marcondes Seneda

    2008-08-01

    Full Text Available The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a second uterine flushing on number of recovered embryos. Cyclic Nelore cows (n= were used as donors. Animals were kept under grazing conditions in a farm at Mamborê, Paraná state. Cows were submitted to two sessions of multiple ovulation 80 days apart. At a random stage of estrus cycle (Day 0 donors received an intravaginal device with 1.9 g of progesterone (CIDR; Pfizer; Brasil. Twenty four hours later (Day 1 cows were injected with 2.5 mg/ IM of Estradiol Benzoate (Estrogin, Farmavet, Brasil. Between Day 5 and Day 9, donors received decreasing doses of 250 UI of FSH (Pluset; Calier, Brasil. On Days 7 and cows received 25 mg/ IM of dinoprost (Lutalyse, Pfizer, Brasil and progesterone implants were removed 12 hs later. Artificial insemination was performed 12 and 24 hours after estrus detection. The first embryo recovery was performed 7 days after AI with the Foley catheter positioned in the uterine body. A total of 1.000 mL of PBS (Embriocare, Cultilab, Brasil was used in a closed system of uterine flushing, with a 70 µm filter. Recovered uterine fluid was evaluated under a stereomicroscope (SMZ 654, Nikon, Japan and embryos were classified accord to IETS (1998. Twenty four hours later, the second uterine flushing was performed following the same procedure. Results were analyzed by t-Student test (p O objetivo do presente experimento foi verificar a viabilidade de uma segunda lavagem uterina sobre a recuperação de embriões. Doadoras cíclicas da raça Nelore (n= foram mantidas a pasto no município de Mamborê, Estado do Paraná. Os animais foram submetidos a tratamentos de superovulação com intervalo de 80 dias. Em um dia aleatório do ciclo estral (Dia 0 as doadoras receberam um dispositivo intravaginal contendo 1,9 g de progesterona (CIDR; Pfizer, Brasil. Vinte e quatro horas após (Dia 1 administrou-se , mg de benzoato de Estradiol (Estrogin; Farmavet, Brasil por via

  6. Theoretical studies in nuclear reactions and nuclear structure

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1992-05-01

    Research in the Maryland Nuclear Theory Group focusses on problems in four basic areas of current relevance. Hadrons in nuclear matter; the structure of hadrons; relativistic nuclear physics and heavy ion dynamics and related processes. The section on hadrons in nuclear matter groups together research items which are aimed at exploring ways in which the properties of nucleons and the mesons which play a role in the nuclear force are modified in the nuclear medium. A very interesting result has been the finding that QCD sum rules supply a new insight into the decrease of the nucleon's mass in the nuclear medium. The quark condensate, which characterizes spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking of the late QCD vacuum, decreases in nuclear matter and this is responsible for the decrease of the nucleon's mass. The section on the structure of hadrons contains progress reports on our research aimed at understanding the structure of the nucleon. Widely different approaches are being studied, e.g., lattice gauge calculations, QCD sum rules, quark-meson models with confinement and other hedgehog models. A major goal of this type of research is to develop appropriate links between nuclear physics and QCD. The section on relativistic nuclear physics represents our continuing interest in developing an appropriate relativistic framework for nuclear dynamics. A Lorentz-invariant description of the nuclear force suggests a similar decrease of the nucleon's mass in the nuclear medium as has been found from QCD sum rules. Work in progress extends previous successes in elastic scattering to inelastic scattering of protons by nuclei. The section on heavy ion dynamics and related processes reports on research into the e + e - problem and heavy ion dynamics

  7. Nuclear data services of the Nuclear Data Centers Network available at the National Nuclear Data Center

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    McLane, V.

    1997-01-01

    The Nuclear Data Centers Network provides low and medium energy nuclear reaction data to users around the world. Online retrievals are available through the U.S. National Nuclear Data Center, the Nuclear Energy Agency Data Bank, and the IAEA Nuclear Data Section from these extensive bibliographic, experimental data, and evaluated data files. In addition to nuclear reaction data, the various databases also provide nuclear structure and decay data, and other information of interest to users. The WorldWideWeb sites at the National Nuclear Data Center and the NEA Data Bank provide access to some of the Centers' files. (orig.)

  8. Control of Nuclear Materials and Special Equipment (Nuclear Safety Regulations)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cizmek, A.; Prah, M.; Medakovic, S.; Ilijas, B.

    2008-01-01

    Based on Nuclear Safety Act (OG 173/03) the State Office for Nuclear Safety (SONS) in 2008 adopted beside Ordinance on performing nuclear activities (OG 74/06) and Ordinance on special conditions for individual activities to be performed by expert organizations which perform activities in the area of nuclear safety (OG 74/06) the new Ordinance on the control of nuclear material and special equipment (OG 15/08). Ordinance on the control of nuclear material and special equipment lays down the list of nuclear materials and special equipment as well as of nuclear activities covered by the system of control of production of special equipment and non-nuclear material, the procedure for notifying the intention to and filing the application for a license to carry out nuclear activities, and the format and contents of the forms for doing so. This Ordinance also lays down the manner in which nuclear material records have to be kept, the procedure for notifying the State administration organization (regulatory body) responsible for nuclear safety by the nuclear material user, and the keeping of registers of nuclear activities, nuclear material and special equipment by the State administration organization (regulatory body) responsible for nuclear safety, as well as the form and content of official nuclear safety inspector identification card and badge.(author)

  9. Leading twist nuclear shadowing, nuclear generalized parton distributions and nuclear DVCS at small x

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Guzey, Vadim; Goeke, Klaus; Siddikov, Marat

    2009-01-01

    We generalize the leading twist theory of nuclear shadowing and calculate quark and gluon generalized parton distributions (GPDs) of spinless nuclei. We predict very large nuclear shadowing for nuclear GPDs. In the limit of the purely transverse momentum transfer, our nuclear GPDs become impact parameter dependent nuclear parton distributions (PDFs). Nuclear shadowing induces non-trivial correlations between the impact parameter $b$ and the light-cone fraction $x$. We make predictions for the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) amplitude and the DVCS cross section on $^{208}$Pb at high energies. We calculate the cross section of the Bethe-Heitler (BH) process and address the issue of the extraction of the DVCS signal from the $e A \\to e \\gamma A$ cross section. We find that the $e A \\to e \\gamma A$ differential cross section is dominated by DVCS at the momentum transfer $t$ near the minima of the nuclear form factor. We also find that nuclear shadowing leads

  10. Nuclear forensics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Venugopal, V.

    2010-01-01

    Nuclear forensics is the analysis of nuclear materials recovered from either the capture of unused materials, or from the radioactive debris following a nuclear explosion and can contribute significantly to the identification of the sources of the materials and the industrial processes used to obtain them. In the case of an explosion, nuclear forensics can also reconstruct key features of the nuclear device. Nuclear forensic analysis works best in conjunction with other law enforcement, radiological protection dosimetry, traditional forensics, and intelligence work to provide the basis for attributing the materials and/or nuclear device to its originators. Nuclear forensics is a piece of the overall attribution process, not a stand-alone activity

  11. The role of nuclear law in nuclear safety after Fukushima

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cardozo, Diva E. Puig

    2013-01-01

    The paper contains the following topics: nuclear law, origin and evolution, role of the legal instruments on nuclear safety, nuclear safety the impact of major nuclear accidents: Chernobyl and Fukushima. The response of the nuclear law post Fukushima. Safety and security. International framework for nuclear safety: nuclear convention joint convention on safety on spent fuel management and on the safety of radioactive waste management. The Fukushima World Conference on Nuclear Safety. Convention on Prompt Notification and Assistance in case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency. Plan of Action for Nuclear Safety. IAEA recommendations for the safety transport of radioactive material. International framework for nuclear security. Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials. International Convention for the Suppression of Acts Against Nuclear Terrorism. Resolution No. 1540 of the Security Council of United Nations (2004). Measures to strengthen international safety. Code of conduct on the safety research reactor

  12. Nuclear power. Volume 1. Nuclear power plant design

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pedersen, E.S.

    1978-01-01

    NUCLEAR POWER PLANT DESIGN is intended to be used as a working reference book for management, engineers and designers, and as a graduate-level text for engineering students. The book is designed to combine theory with practical nuclear power engineering and design experience, and to give the reader an up-to-date view of the status of nuclear power and a basic understanding of how nuclear power plants function. Volume 1 contains the following chapters; (1) nuclear reactor theory; (2) nuclear reactor design; (3) types of nuclear power plants; (4) licensing requirements; (5) shielding and personnel exposure; (6) containment and structural design; (7) main steam and turbine cycles; (8) plant electrical system; (9) plant instrumentation and control systems; (10) radioactive waste disposal (waste management) and (11) conclusion

  13. Emerging nuclear energy systems and nuclear weapon proliferation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gsponer, A.; Sahin, S.; Jasani, B.

    1983-01-01

    Generally when considering problems of proliferation of nuclear weapons, discussions are focused on horizontal proliferation. However, the emerging nuclear energy systems currently have an impact mainly on vertical proliferation. The paper indicates that technologies connected with emerging nuclear energy systems, such as fusion reactors and accelerators, enhance the knowledge of thermonuclear weapon physics and will enable production of military useful nuclear materials (including some rare elements). At present such technologies are enhancing the arsenal of the nuclear weapon states. But one should not forget the future implications for horizontal proliferation of nuclear weapons as some of the techniques will in the near future be within the technological and economic capabilities of non-nuclear weapon states. Some of these systems are not under any international control. (orig.) [de

  14. Tracking and uncertainty in absorption spectrometry and atomic emission; Trazabilidad e incertidumbre en espectrometria de absorcion y emision atomica

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Arvizu Torres, Maria del Rocio; Ramirez Cruz, Pedro [Centro Nacional de Metrologia (CENAM), Division de Materiales Metalicos, Area de Metrologia de Materiales, Departamento de Educacion Continua, El Marquez, Queretaro (Mexico)

    2008-04-18

    In this course it is described what methodology is, the measuring instruments and the importance of its calibration. The history of the International System of Units is described and what the meaning of tracking is. Also the general concepts of uncertainty in analytical measurements are shown, such as the measurements of central tendency and the variability measurements. [Spanish] En este curso se describe que es metodologia, los instrumentos de medicion y la importancia de calibrarlos. Se describe la historia del Sistema Internacional de Unidades y que es la trazabilidad. Tambien se presentan conceptos generales de incertidumbre en mediciones analiticas, como las medidas de tendencia central y las medidas de variabilidad.

  15. Securing Chinese nuclear power development: further strengthening nuclear security

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang Hui

    2014-01-01

    Chinese President Xi Jinping addresses China's new concept of nuclear security with four 'equal emphasis' at the third Nuclear Security Summit, and makes four commitments to strengthen nuclear security in the future. To convert President Xi's political commitments into practical, sustainable reality, China should take further steps to install a complete, reliable, and effective security system to ensure that all its nuclear materials and nuclear facilities are effectively protected against the full spectrum of plausible terrorist and criminal threats. This paper suggests the following measures be taken to improve China's existing nuclear security system, including updating and clarifying the requirements for a national level DBT; updating and enforcing existing regulations; further promoting nuclear security culture; balancing the costs of nuclear security, and further strengthening international cooperation on nuclear security. (author)

  16. Model Action Plan for Nuclear Forensics and Nuclear Attribution

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dudder, G B; Niemeyer, S; Smith, D K; Kristo, M J

    2004-01-01

    Nuclear forensics and nuclear attribution have become increasingly important tools in the fight against illegal trafficking in nuclear and radiological materials. This technical report documents the field of nuclear forensics and nuclear attribution in a comprehensive manner, summarizing tools and procedures that have heretofore been described independently in the scientific literature. This report also provides national policy-makers, decision-makers, and technical managers with guidance for responding to incidents involving the interdiction of nuclear and radiological materials. However, due to the significant capital costs of the equipment and the specialized expertise of the personnel, work in the field of nuclear forensics has been restricted so far to a handful of national and international laboratories. In fact, there are a limited number of specialists who have experience working with interdicted nuclear materials and affiliated evidence. Most of the laboratories that have the requisite equipment, personnel, and experience to perform nuclear forensic analysis are participants in the Nuclear Smuggling International Technical Working Group or ITWG (see Section 1.8). Consequently, there is a need to disseminate information on an appropriate response to incidents of nuclear smuggling, including a comprehensive approach to gathering evidence that meets appropriate legal standards and to developing insights into the source and routes of nuclear and radiological contraband. Appendix A presents a ''Menu of Options'' for other Member States to request assistance from the ITWG Nuclear Forensics Laboratories (INFL) on nuclear forensic cases

  17. Theoretical studies in nuclear reactions and nuclear structure

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    1992-05-01

    Research in the Maryland Nuclear Theory Group focusses on problems in four basic areas of current relevance. Hadrons in nuclear matter; the structure of hadrons; relativistic nuclear physics and heavy ion dynamics and related processes. The section on hadrons in nuclear matter groups together research items which are aimed at exploring ways in which the properties of nucleons and the mesons which play a role in the nuclear force are modified in the nuclear medium. A very interesting result has been the finding that QCD sum rules supply a new insight into the decrease of the nucleon's mass in the nuclear medium. The quark condensate, which characterizes spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking of the late QCD vacuum, decreases in nuclear matter and this is responsible for the decrease of the nucleon's mass. The section on the structure of hadrons contains progress reports on our research aimed at understanding the structure of the nucleon. Widely different approaches are being studied, e.g., lattice gauge calculations, QCD sum rules, quark-meson models with confinement and other hedgehog models. A major goal of this type of research is to develop appropriate links between nuclear physics and QCD. The section on relativistic nuclear physics represents our continuing interest in developing an appropriate relativistic framework for nuclear dynamics. A Lorentz-invariant description of the nuclear force suggests a similar decrease of the nucleon's mass in the nuclear medium as has been found from QCD sum rules. Work in progress extends previous successes in elastic scattering to inelastic scattering of protons by nuclei. The section on heavy ion dynamics and related processes reports on research into the e{sup +}e{sup {minus}} problem and heavy ion dynamics.

  18. A ocupação urbana no Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, e suas implicações no turismo de segunda residência

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eduardo Baptista Lopes

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available Resumo O Litoral Norte do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, no Brasil, é uma região que tem presenciado diversas transformações em suas formas de ocupação e expansão urbana, ao longo da história. Desde as primeiras ocupações por estâncias e fazendas até as modalidades atuais, predominantemente turísticas, os municípios desta região passaram por uma série de modificações de usos e de formas, ao longo do tempo. Este artigo tem como objetivo principal apresentar os períodos de ocupação do Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul e sua relação com o turismo de segunda residência, delimitados através da identificação dos usos, da análise das formas de crescimento urbano, do traçado e das tipologias das edificações, verificados na região. Na pesquisa realizada, foi possível identificar, delimitar e analisar quatro períodos no processo de ocupação da região: estâncias e fazendas (até 1888, turismo de saúde (1888-1940, loteamentos balneários (1940-1995 e condomínios horizontais (1995-2016.

  19. The Romanian nuclear regulatory body as a nuclear communicator

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cluculescu, Cristina

    2000-01-01

    A comprehensive nuclear law environment could be a relevant tool to promote greater confidence in the nuclear energy. Romania has had laws in place governing the regulation of nuclear activities since 1974, which remained in force throughout and subsequent to the national constitutional changes. Up to December 1996, the CNCAN activities were based on Law No. 61/1974 for the development of the nuclear activities in Romania and Law No. 61982 on the quality assurance of the nuclear facilities and nuclear power plants. The Nuclear Safety legislation has been enacted in November 1974 (Law No. 61/1974) and it followed as closely as possible (for that time) the US Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended subsequently. The Romanian nuclear regulatory body, called National Commission for Nuclear Activities Control (CNCAN) is a governmental organization responsible for the development of the regulatory framework, the control of its implementation and for the licensing of nuclear facilities. An important issue of CNCAN is to provide the correct and reasoning information to the public. The most important topics focused on nuclear activities for the interest of mass media in Romania are: Radioactive waste management; The cost and benefit of nuclear energy compared by conventional energy; The conditions for transportation of radioactive materials; The consequences of a suppositional nuclear accidents; The safety in operation for nuclear installations. The information provided to press and public by regulatory body is clearly and well structured. The target is to clearly explain to mass media and the public should understand very well the difference between the meaning of a nuclear accident, nuclear incident or nuclear event. CNCAN monitories and surveys the operation in safe conditions the nuclear facilities and plants, the protection against nuclear radiation of the professionally exposed personnel, of the population, of the environment and the material goods. It is also

  20. [Nuclear theory

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Haxton, W.

    1990-01-01

    This report discusses research in nuclear physics. Topics covered in this paper are: symmetry principles; nuclear astrophysics; nuclear structure; quark-gluon plasma; quantum chromodynamics; symmetry breaking; nuclear deformation; and cold fusion

  1. China's nuclear safety regulatory body: The national nuclear safety administration

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang Shiguan

    1991-04-01

    The establishment of an independent nuclear safety regulatory body is necessary for ensuring the safety of nuclear installations and nuclear fuel. Therefore the National Nuclear Safety Administration was established by the state. The aim, purpose, organization structure and main tasks of the Administration are presented. At the same time the practical examples, such as nuclear safety regulation on the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, safety review and inspections for the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant during the construction, and nuclear material accounting and management system in the nuclear fuel fabrication plant in China, are given in order to demonstrate the important roles having been played on nuclear safety by the Administration after its founding

  2. Nuclear Deterrence in a New Nuclear Era

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Miraillet, Michel

    2010-01-01

    Within an unstable international environment and an unpredictable future, nuclear weapons will continue to play a major role in defense policies. Indeed, since disarmament currently seems an unlikely objective, nuclear weapons remain as a security guarantee. Within this context, talk of the global abolition of nuclear weapons remains essentially rhetorical and the supposed link between disarmament and non-proliferation is a tenuous one. The foremost purpose of both disarmament and nuclear deterrence must be security

  3. Nuclear links

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1981-01-01

    The subject is dealt with in sections: introduction; energy and the third world; world energy consumption 1978; oil -the energy dilemma; nuclear chains - introduction; uranium; Namibia; enrichment and reprocessing; countries with enrichment and reprocessing facilities; waste; conclusion; why take the nuclear option; third world countries with nuclear reactors; the arms connection; government spending and human resources 1977 (by countries); nuclear power - the final solution; the fascists; world bank; campaigns; community action in Plogoff; Australian labour movement; NUM against nuclear power; Scottish campaign; students against nuclear energy; anti-nuclear campaign; partizans; 3W1 disarmament and development; campaign ATOM; CANUC; 3W1; SANE. (U.K.)

  4. Theoretical studies in nuclear reactions and nuclear structure

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wallace, S.J.

    1991-05-01

    This report discusses topics in the following areas: Hadronic structure; hadrons in nuclei; hot hadronic matter; relativistic nuclear physics and NN interaction; leptonic emissions from high-Z heavy ion collisions; theoretical studies of heavy ion dynamics; nuclear pre-equilibrium reactions; classical chaotic dynamics and nuclear structure; and, theory of nuclear fission

  5. Nuclear-fuel-cycle education: Module 1. Nuclear fuel cycle overview

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Eckhoff, N.D.

    1981-07-01

    This educational module is an overview of the nuclear-fule-cycle. The overview covers nuclear energy resources, the present and future US nuclear industry, the industry view of nuclear power, the International Nuclear Fuel Cycle Evaluation program, the Union of Concerned Scientists view of the nuclear-fuel-cycle, an analysis of this viewpoint, resource requirements for a model light water reactor, and world nuclear power considerations

  6. Nuclear Forensics' role in analyzing nuclear trafficking activities

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hrnecek, E.; Mayer, K.; Schubert, A.; Wallenius, M.

    2010-01-01

    Nuclear forensics aims at identifying origin and intended use of nuclear material using information inherent to the nuclear material.The information gathered in nuclear forensics include isotopic composition, elemental composition, impurities and age of the material, macroscopic appearance and microstructure. The information so collected helps to solve criminal cases and put the individuals involved in nuclear trafficking in jails. The information also helps to improve safeguards and physical protection measures at place of theft or diversion to prevent future thefts or diversions.

  7. Radionuclides for nuclear medicine: a nuclear physicists' view

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Cantone, M.; Haddad, F.; Harissopoulos, S.

    2013-01-01

    NuPECC (the Nuclear Physics European Collaboration Committee, an expert committee of the European Science Foundation) has the mission to strengthen European Collaboration in nuclear science through the promotion of nuclear physics and its trans-disciplinary use and application. NuPECC is currently...... working on a report on “Nuclear Physics for Medicine” and has set up a working group to review the present status and prospects of radionuclides for nuclear medicine. An interim report will be presented to seek comments and constructive input from EANM members. In particular it is investigated how nuclear...... physics Methods and nuclear physics facilities are supporting the development and supply of medical radionuclides and how this support could be further strengthened in future. Aspects that will be addressed: •In recent years, the reactor-based supply chain of 99Mo/99mTc generators was repeatedly...

  8. Dare nuclear energy with the Australian Nuclear Association

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Anon.

    2016-01-01

    Australian authorities have been traditionally opposed to nuclear energy. The interdiction to build nuclear power plants in the Australian states without the approval of the federal authority was even officially written in the environment code in 1999. Today coal provides 75% of the electricity needs of Australia. Because of climate warming, things are changing, the Australian government is now considering the possibility of using nuclear energy and a site located in southern Australian has been selected for the disposal of low and intermediate level radioactive wastes. In this context the Australian Nuclear Association (ANA) is developing an ambitious program for the promotion of all the applications of nuclear energy through the organisation of conferences and meetings with various experts of nuclear industry. The aim is to make the public aware of the assets of nuclear energy. (A.C.)

  9. Nuclear forensics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Karadeniz, O.; Guenalp, G.

    2010-01-01

    This review discusses the methodology of nuclear forensics and illicit trafficking of nuclear materials. Nuclear forensics is relatively new scientific branch whose aim it is to read out material inherent from nuclear material. Nuclear forensics investigations have to be considered as part of a comprehensive set of measures for detection,interception, categorization and characterization of illicitly trafficking nuclear material. Prevention, detection and response are the main elements in combating illicit trafficking. Forensics is a key element in the response process. Forensic science is defined as the application of a broad spectrum of sciences to answer questions of interest to the legal system. Besides, in this study we will explain age determination of nuclear materials.

  10. Falla cardiaca (segunda parte)

    OpenAIRE

    Flórez Alarcón, Noel Alberto; Fundación Valle de Lili

    2006-01-01

    ¿Cómo se trata y se vive con falla cardiaca?/Tratamiento de la falla cardiaca/Recomendaciones para el uso de los medicamentos/Tratamiento quirúrgico de la falla cardiaca/Clínica de falla cardiaca/Beneficios ofrecidos por la clínica de falla cardiaca.

  11. Nuclear power. Volume 2. Nuclear power project management

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pedersen, E.S.

    1978-01-01

    NUCLEAR POWER PLANT DESIGN is intended to be used as a working reference book for management, engineers and designers, and as a graduate-level text for engineering students. The book is designed to combine theory with practical nuclear power engineering and design experience, and to give the reader an up-to-date view of the status of nuclear power and a basic understanding of how nuclear power plants function. Volume 2 contains the following chapters: (1) review of nuclear power plants; (2) licensing procedures; (3) safety analysis; (4) project professional services; (5) quality assurance and project organization; (6) construction, scheduling, and operation; (7) nuclear fuel handling and fuel management; (8) plant cost management; and (9) conclusion

  12. Nuclear disarmament and the elimination of nuclear dangers

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Daerr, Hans-Joachim

    2002-01-01

    ... today's threats to security and stability have become less predictable and require at the same time a joint response. They illustrate the need for a new international order organized around shared values, common norms of behaviour and the rule of law. Disarmament, arms control, and non-proliferation are indispensable elements of this cooperative international order... We have to make sure that the functions that are today attributed to nuclear weapons become dispensable ... Nuclear disarmament is the counterpart of the renunciation of nuclear weapons by non-nuclear-weapons states. This bargain must not be undermined ... The NPT is no licence to perpetuate the status of the nuclear 'haves' versus the nuclear 'have nots.' (author)

  13. Nuclear material control systems for nuclear power plants

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1975-06-01

    Paragraph 70.51(c) of 10 CFR Part 70 requires each licensee who is authorized to possess at any one time special nuclear material in a quantity exceeding one effective kilogram to establish, maintain, and follow written material control and accounting procedures that are sufficient to enable the licensee to account for the special nuclear material in his possession under license. While other paragraphs and sections of Part 70 provide specific requirements for nuclear material control systems for fuel cycle plants, such detailed requirements are not included for nuclear power reactors. This guide identifies elements acceptable to the NRC staff for a nuclear material control system for nuclear power reactors. (U.S.)

  14. Nuclear knowledge, trust and public acceptance of nuclear developments

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Berdahl, A.L.; Bell, B.S.; Bourassa, C.M.; Fried, D.J., E-mail: Loleen.Berdahl@usask.ca, E-mail: Bourassa@edwards.usask.ca, E-mail: Scott.Bell@usask.ca, E-mail: Jana.Fried@usask.ca [Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK (Canada)

    2014-07-01

    While nuclear sector activities remain contentious public issues, studies suggest that knowledge levels and trust in nuclear actors can influence public attitudes. Drawing on original data from a 2013 representative telephone survey of Saskatchewan residents, this paper considers the extent to which knowledge and trust influence support for nuclear developments. Saskatchewan provides an interesting case study: while the province has a robust uranium mining industry, there are no nuclear power facilities, and the potential development of nuclear energy and nuclear fuel waste storage has been a source of spirited public debate. The study's results have implications for public education and policy initiatives regarding nuclear power developments. (author)

  15. Nuclear knowledge, trust and public acceptance of nuclear developments

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Berdahl, A.L.; Bell, B.S.; Bourassa, C.M.; Fried, D.J.

    2014-01-01

    While nuclear sector activities remain contentious public issues, studies suggest that knowledge levels and trust in nuclear actors can influence public attitudes. Drawing on original data from a 2013 representative telephone survey of Saskatchewan residents, this paper considers the extent to which knowledge and trust influence support for nuclear developments. Saskatchewan provides an interesting case study: while the province has a robust uranium mining industry, there are no nuclear power facilities, and the potential development of nuclear energy and nuclear fuel waste storage has been a source of spirited public debate. The study's results have implications for public education and policy initiatives regarding nuclear power developments. (author)

  16. Nuclear energy and the nuclear industry

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chester, K.

    1982-01-01

    In order to make a real contribution to the nuclear energy debate (is nuclear energy the limitless solution to man's energy problems or the path to man's destruction) people must be aware of the facts. The Science Reference Library (SRL) has a collection of the primary sources of information on nuclear energy - especially journals. This guideline aims to draw attention to the up-to-date literature on nuclear energy and its technology, freely available for consultation in the main Holborn reading room. After explanations of where to look for particular types of information and the SRL classification, the booklet gives lists and brief notes on the sources held. These are abstracting and indexing periodicals and periodicals. Reports, conference proceedings, patents, bibliographies, directories, year-books and buyer's guides are covered very briefly but not listed. Nuclear reactor data and organisations are also listed with brief details of each. (U.K.)

  17. Nuclear Liability and Insurance for nuclear Damage in Switzerland

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Reitsma, S. M. S.

    1998-01-01

    With nuclear power generating 43% of its total electricity production, Switzerland is amongst the states, employing the highest percentage of nuclear electricity. Although, the country has not ratified any of the international Nuclear Liability Conventions, its Nuclear Third Party Liability Act reflects all the principles, underlying those Conventions. The statutory liability of the operator of a Swiss nuclear installation itself being unlimited, the total insurance limit of CHF 770 m. provides the highest private insurance protection worldwide. With the support of its foreign Reinsurance Pools, the capacity for this insurance guarantee has, over more than 40 years, been built up by the Swiss Nuclear Insurance Pool. Apart from Third Party Liability cover, the Pool also provides Property insurance to Swiss nuclear installation operators and reinsurance cover to other nuclear insurers worldwide. (author)

  18. The World Nuclear University: New partnership in nuclear education

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2007-07-01

    The important role which the IAEA plays in assisting Member States in the preservation and enhancement of nuclear knowledge and in facilitating international collaboration in this area has been recognized by the General Conference of the International Atomic Energy Agency in resolutions GC(46)/RES/11B, GC(47)/RES/10B, GC(48)/RES/13 and GC(50)/RES/13. A continued focus of IAEA activities in managing nuclear knowledge is to support Member States to secure and sustain human resources for the nuclear sector, comprising both the replacement of retiring staff and building of new capacity. The IAEA assists Member States, particularly developing ones, in their efforts to sustain nuclear education and training in all areas of nuclear technology for peaceful purposes, which is a necessary prerequisite for succession planning, in particular through the networking of nuclear education and training, including activities of the World Nuclear University (WNU) and the Asian Network for Education in Nuclear Technology (ANENT). The report on the attached CD-ROM, The World Nuclear University: New Partnership in Nuclear Education, gives an overview of the history of the development of the World Nuclear University and related IAEA activities and contains an analysis and recommendations from the first WNU Summer Institute, held in 2005 in the USA

  19. Emergency response and nuclear risk governance. Nuclear safety at nuclear power plant accidents

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kuhlen, Johannes

    2014-01-01

    The present study entitled ''Emergency Response and Nuclear Risk Governance: nuclear safety at nuclear power plant accidents'' deals with issues of the protection of the population and the environment against hazardous radiation (the hazards of nuclear energy) and the harmful effects of radioactivity during nuclear power plant accidents. The aim of this study is to contribute to both the identification and remediation of shortcomings and deficits in the management of severe nuclear accidents like those that occurred at Chernobyl in 1986 and at Fukushima in 2011 as well as to the improvement and harmonization of plans and measures taken on an international level in nuclear emergency management. This thesis is divided into a theoretical part and an empirical part. The theoretical part focuses on embedding the subject in a specifically global governance concept, which includes, as far as Nuclear Risk Governance is concerned, the global governance of nuclear risks. Due to their characteristic features the following governance concepts can be assigned to these risks: Nuclear Safety Governance is related to safety, Nuclear Security Governance to security and NonProliferation Governance to safeguards. The subject of investigation of the present study is as a special case of the Nuclear Safety Governance, the Nuclear Emergency governance, which refers to off-site emergency response. The global impact of nuclear accidents and the concepts of security, safety culture and residual risk are contemplated in this context. The findings (accident sequences, their consequences and implications) from the analyses of two reactor accidents prior to Fukushima (Three Mile Iceland in 1979, Chernobyl in 1986) are examined from a historical analytical perspective and the state of the Nuclear Emergency governance and international cooperation aimed at improving nuclear safety after Chernobyl is portrayed by discussing, among other topics, examples of &apos

  20. Nuclear physics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kamal, Anwar

    2014-01-01

    Explains the concepts in detail and in depth. Provides step-by-step derivations. Contains numerous tables and diagrams. Supports learning and teaching with numerous worked examples, questions and problems with answers. Sketches also the historical development of the subject. This textbook explains the experimental basics, effects and theory of nuclear physics. It supports learning and teaching with numerous worked examples, questions and problems with answers. Numerous tables and diagrams help to better understand the explanations. A better feeling to the subject of the book is given with sketches about the historical development of nuclear physics. The main topics of this book include the phenomena associated with passage of charged particles and radiation through matter which are related to nuclear resonance fluorescence and the Moessbauer effect., Gamov's theory of alpha decay, Fermi theory of beta decay, electron capture and gamma decay. The discussion of general properties of nuclei covers nuclear sizes and nuclear force, nuclear spin, magnetic dipole moment and electric quadrupole moment. Nuclear instability against various modes of decay and Yukawa theory are explained. Nuclear models such as Fermi Gas Model, Shell Model, Liquid Drop Model, Collective Model and Optical Model are outlined to explain various experimental facts related to nuclear structure. Heavy ion reactions, including nuclear fusion, are explained. Nuclear fission and fusion power production is treated elaborately.

  1. Nuclear security - New challenge to the safety of nuclear power plants

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Li Ganjie

    2008-01-01

    The safety of nuclear power plants involves two aspects: one is to prevent nuclear accidents resulted from systems and equipments failure or human errors; the other is to refrain nuclear accidents from external intended attack. From this point of view, nuclear security is an organic part of the nuclear safety of power plants since they have basically the same goals and concrete measures with each other. In order to prevent malicious attacks; the concept of physical protection of nuclear facilities has been put forward. In many years, a series of codes and regulations as well as technical standard systems on physical protection had been developed at international level. The United Nations passed No. 1540 resolution as well as 'Convention on the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear terrorism', and revised 'Convention on Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials', which has enhanced a higher level capacity of preparedness by international community to deal with security issues of nuclear facilities. In China, in order to improve the capability of nuclear power plants on preventing and suppressing the external attacks, the Chinese government consecutively developed the related codes and standards as well as technical documents based on the existing laws and regulations, including 'Guide for the Nuclear Security of Nuclear Power Plants' and 'Guide for the Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials', so as to upgrade the legislative requirements for nuclear security in power plants. The government also made greater efforts to support the scientific research and staff training on physical protection, and satisfying the physical protection standards for newly-built nuclear facilities such as large scale nuclear power plants to meet requirement at international level. At the same time old facilities were renovated and the Chinese government established a nuclear emergency preparedness coordination mechanism, developed corresponding emergency preparedness plans, intensified the

  2. South Africa's SAFARI From nuclear weapons to nuclear medicine ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    ... of nuclear energy for peaceful uses, such as power generation and nuclear ... Building on its nuclear expertise, South Africa has become one of the world's ... By converting its nuclear reactor, SAFARI-1, to produce and supply medical ...

  3. Nuclear knowledge management

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2007-01-01

    The management of nuclear knowledge has emerged as a growing challenge in recent years. The need to preserve and transfer nuclear knowledge is compounded by recent trends such as ageing of the nuclear workforce, declining student numbers in nuclear-related fields, and the threat of losing accumulated nuclear knowledge. Addressing these challenges, the IAEA promotes a 'knowledge management culture' through: - Providing guidance for policy formulation and implementation of nuclear knowledge management; - Strengthening the contribution of nuclear knowledge in solving development problems, based on needs and priorities of Member States; - Pooling, analysing and sharing nuclear information to facilitate knowledge creation and its utilization; - Implementing effective knowledge management systems; - Preserving and maintaining nuclear knowledge; - Securing sustainable human resources for the nuclear sector; and - Enhancing nuclear education and training

  4. Nuclear Power

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Douglas-Hamilton, J.; Home Robertson, J.; Beith, A.J.

    1987-01-01

    In this debate the Government's policy on nuclear power is discussed. Government policy is that nuclear power is the safest and cleanest way of generating electricity and is cheap. Other political parties who do not endorse a nuclear energy policy are considered not to be acting in the people's best interests. The debate ranged over the risks from nuclear power, the UK safety record, safety regulations, and the environmental effects of nuclear power. The Torness nuclear power plant was mentioned specifically. The energy policy of the opposition parties is strongly criticised. The debate lasted just over an hour and is reported verbatim. (UK)

  5. Nuclear power generation and nuclear nonproliferation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Walske, C.

    1978-01-01

    In the future outlook around year 2000 of nuclear power, thought must be given to fuel reprocessing and plutonium utilization. The adverse utilization of plutonium may be prevented by the means balanced with its economical value. As the method of less cost with lower effect of nonproliferation, combination of fuel reprocessing and fuel fabrication facilities and mixed plutonium/uranium processing are possible. As the method of more cost with higher effect of nonproliferation the maintenance of high radioactivity and inaccessibility of plutonium is conceivable. As for the agreeable methods in 2000, seven principles may be mentioned, such as the dependence upon the agreements among major nations and upon nuclear exporting countries. These are still inadequate, however. What is important is to provide with the sufficient safeguards to countries concerned to negate the need for nuclear weapons. Efforts are then necessary for leading nuclear countries to extend aids to other nuclear-oriented countries. (Mori, K.)

  6. Nuclear Safety Regulations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Novosel, N.; Prah, M.

    2008-01-01

    Beside new Ordinance on the control of nuclear material and special equipment ('Official Gazette' No. 15/08), from 2006 State Office for Nuclear Safety (SONS) adopted Ordinance on performing nuclear activities ('Official Gazette' No. 74/06) and Ordinance on special requirements which expert organizations must fulfil in order to perform certain activities in the field of nuclear safety ('Official Gazette' No. 74/06), based on Nuclear Safety Act ('Official Gazette' No. 173/03). The Ordinance on performing nuclear activities regulates the procedure of notification of the intent to perform nuclear activities, submitting the application for the issue of a licence to perform nuclear activities, and the procedure for issuing decisions on granting a licence to perform a nuclear activity. The Ordinance also regulates the content of the forms for notification of the intent to perform nuclear activities, as well as of the application for the issue of a licence to perform the nuclear activity and the method of keeping the register of nuclear activities. According to the Nuclear Safety Act, nuclear activities are the production, processing, use, storage, disposal, transport, import, export, possession or other handling of nuclear material or specified equipment. The Ordinance on special requirements which expert organizations must fulfil in order to perform certain activities in the field of nuclear safety regulates these mentioned conditions, whereas compliance is established by a decision passed by the SONS. Special requirements which expert organizations must fulfil in order to perform certain activities in the field of nuclear safety are organizational, technical, technological conditions and established system of quality assurance. In 2007, State Office for Nuclear Safety finalized the text of new Ordinance on conditions for nuclear safety and protection with regard to the siting, design, construction, use and decommissioning of a facility in which a nuclear activity is

  7. LAS RELACIONES ENTRE CHILE Y CANADÁ DURANTE LA SEGUNDA GUERRA MUNDIAL: LAS PRIMERAS EXPERIENCIAS DE LOS DIPLOMÁTICOS CHILENOS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    JOSÉ DEL POZO

    2005-06-01

    Full Text Available Basado en los informes diplomáticos chilenos, este artículo analiza el tema de las relaciones entre Chile y Canadá, en el período en que esos países avanzaron hacia el intercambio de embajadas, entre 1941 y 1944. En él se explica que hasta antes de esos años, Canadá solo tenía un interés comercial en América Latina, mientras que para Chile era más importante el plano diplomático, a causa de su interés en reforzar su posición internacional, un tanto debilitada desde comienzos del siglo XX. Las razones que llevaron a ambos países a tomar esa decisión estuvieron directamente relacionadas con el contexto de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Una vez instaladas las embajadas, se comentan las impresiones que tuvieron los primeros representantes de Chile en Ottawa acerca de lo que era Canadá, lo que muestra las dificultades en comprender el funcionamiento de un país bastante distinto a Chile. El artículo concluye que el establecimiento de embajadas no trajo un incremento significativo a corto plazo en las relaciones entre ambos países, ni a nivel comercial ni políticoBased on the reports of the Chilean foreign mission in Canada, this article deals with the relations between Chile and Canada during the period in which both countries decided to exchange embassies. It explains that before those years, Canada was interested in Latin America mainly in commercial topics, while Chile showed more interest on the diplomatic side. This difference is due to the fact that Chile found itself in a rather vulnerable position before 1939. The Second World War was the main reason that led to the establishment of embassies in both countries. The article analyzes also the first impressions of the Chilean representatives in Ottawa, showing that it was not easy for Chilieans to understand the nature of a country like Canada. It ends saying that in the short term, the establishment of embassies did not lead to an increase in the commercial or the political

  8. Nuclear resisters

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1981-01-01

    The booklet contains six papers by different authors, under the headings: dangers along the nuclear fuel cycle; the nuclear profiteers; the nuclear state is a police state; a non-disposable future (renewable energy sources, energy conservation); nuclear weapons - out of control; man made madness. (U.K.)

  9. On Markov processes in the hadron-nuclear and nuclear-nuclear collisions at superhigh energies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lebedeva, A.A.; Rus'kin, V.I.

    2001-01-01

    In the article the possibility of the Markov processes use as simulation method for mean characteristics of hadron-nuclear and nucleus-nuclear collisions at superhigh energies is discussed. The simple (hadron-nuclear collisions) and non-simple (nucleus-nuclear collisions) non-uniform Markov process of output constant spectrum and absorption in a nucleon's nucleus-target with rapidity y are considered. The expression allowing to simulate the different collision modes were obtained

  10. Nuclear power plants

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1985-01-01

    Data concerning the existing nuclear power plants in the world are presented. The data was retrieved from the SIEN (Nuclear and Energetic Information System) data bank. The information are organized in table forms as follows: nuclear plants, its status and type; installed nuclear power plants by country; nuclear power plants under construction by country; planned nuclear power plants by country; cancelled nuclear power plants by country; shut-down nuclear power plants by country. (E.G.) [pt

  11. Nuclear energy: considerations about nuclear trade

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Goes Fischer, M.D. de.

    1988-01-01

    A general view of historical aspects of nuclear energy and the arrangements to assure its use for peaceful purposes are presented. Then the internal character of nuclear energy in a juride context is demonstrated; some consideration about the international organizations and conventions and the Brazilian Legislation in the nuclear area are examined. It also deals with the political aspects of nuclear trade and the function of IAEA in this are. Furthermore the restrictions imposed by Non-Proliferation Treaty-NPT, the objectures of the Tlatelolco Treaty and ''London Club'' guidelines. Afterwards the bilateral cooperation under taken by countries and its agreements are discussed. Besides some aspects of agreements made between United States, France Germany and Brazil are discussed [pt

  12. International Youth Nuclear Congress 2000: Youth, Future, Nuclear. Transactions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2000-04-01

    The publication has been set up as abstracts of the meeting dealing with different nuclear problems. In the work of the International Youth Nuclear Congress 2000 participated more than 200 young scientific works from 28 countries. The address discusses the following issues: Nuclear education and transfer of know-how; Nuclear technology; Political aspects; Environment and safety; Communication and public perception; Economics; Nuclear programs and technical cooperation; Fuel Cycle Challenges

  13. International Youth Nuclear Congress 2000: Youth, Future, Nuclear. Transactions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2000-04-01

    The publication has been set up as abstracts of the meeting dealing with different nuclear problems. In the work of the International Youth Nuclear Congress 2000 participated more than 200 young scientific works from 28 countries. The address discusses the following issues: Nuclear education and transfer of know-how; Nuclear technology; Political aspects; Environment and safety; Communication and public perception; Economics; Nuclear programs and technical cooperation; Fuel Cycle Challenges.

  14. Change of nuclear reactor installation in the first nuclear ship of Japan Nuclear Ship Development Agency

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1979-01-01

    The written application concerning the change of nuclear reactor installation in the first nuclear ship was presented from the JNSDA to the prime minister on January 10, 1979. The contents of the change are the repair of the primary and secondary shields of the reactor, the additional installation of a storage tank for liquid wastes, and the extension of the period to stop the reactor in cold state. The inquiry from the prime minister to the Nuclear Safety Commission was made on June 9, 1979, through the examination of safety in the Nuclear Safety Bureau, Science and Technology Agency. The Nuclear Safety Commission instructed to the Committee for the Examination of Nuclear Reactor Safety on June 11, 1979, about the application of criteria stipulated in the law. The relevant letters and the drafts of examination papers concerning the technical capability and the safety in case of the change of nuclear reactor installation in the first nuclear ship are cited. The JNSDA and Sasebo Heavy Industries, Ltd. seem to have the sufficient technical capability to carry out this change. As the result of examination, it is recognized that the application presented by the JNSDA is in compliance with the criteria stipulated in the law concerning the regulation of nuclear raw materials, nuclear fuel materials and nuclear reactors. (Kako, I.)

  15. Nuclear security and challenges at nuclear power plants. Part 1. Basis of nuclear security

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Demachi, Kazuyuki

    2017-01-01

    The tsunami that occurred in March 2011 associated with the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake hit TEPCO Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F). The 1F got into station blackout situation, and fell into reactor core meltdown due to inability of cooling down the reactor, eventually leading to the emission accident of radioactive substances over a wide range into the atmosphere, soil, seawater and the like. Through various media such as newspapers, TVs, and the Internet after the accident, important facilities for safety were explained with illustrations. Some of them included the contents that can suggest the causes that trigger the same accident as the 1F accident. It is an urgent task to strengthen security against the terrorism aimed at nuclear power facilities including nuclear power plants, and its realization is a serious problem in each country. This paper summarized nuclear security issues and solutions including explanation on the circumstances of the threat increase of nuclear terrorism that had begun before the 1F accident. The recent nuclear security summit reaffirmed that nuclear security is the basic responsibility of each country, and also reaffirmed the responsibility and importance of IAEA for international cooperation. This paper explains the definition of nuclear security, threat of terrorism, and the contents of the IAEA Nuclear Security Series (NSS), and points out that NSS is considered as the basis among basis that all the countries should share. (A.O.)

  16. Nuclear analytical chemistry

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Brune, D.; Forkman, B.; Persson, B.

    1984-01-01

    This book covers the general theories and techniques of nuclear chemical analysis, directed at applications in analytical chemistry, nuclear medicine, radiophysics, agriculture, environmental sciences, geological exploration, industrial process control, etc. The main principles of nuclear physics and nuclear detection on which the analysis is based are briefly outlined. An attempt is made to emphasise the fundamentals of activation analysis, detection and activation methods, as well as their applications. The book provides guidance in analytical chemistry, agriculture, environmental and biomedical sciences, etc. The contents include: the nuclear periodic system; nuclear decay; nuclear reactions; nuclear radiation sources; interaction of radiation with matter; principles of radiation detectors; nuclear electronics; statistical methods and spectral analysis; methods of radiation detection; neutron activation analysis; charged particle activation analysis; photon activation analysis; sample preparation and chemical separation; nuclear chemical analysis in biological and medical research; the use of nuclear chemical analysis in the field of criminology; nuclear chemical analysis in environmental sciences, geology and mineral exploration; and radiation protection.

  17. Nuclear analytical chemistry

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Brune, D.; Forkman, B.; Persson, B.

    1984-01-01

    This book covers the general theories and techniques of nuclear chemical analysis, directed at applications in analytical chemistry, nuclear medicine, radiophysics, agriculture, environmental sciences, geological exploration, industrial process control, etc. The main principles of nuclear physics and nuclear detection on which the analysis is based are briefly outlined. An attempt is made to emphasise the fundamentals of activation analysis, detection and activation methods, as well as their applications. The book provides guidance in analytical chemistry, agriculture, environmental and biomedical sciences, etc. The contents include: the nuclear periodic system; nuclear decay; nuclear reactions; nuclear radiation sources; interaction of radiation with matter; principles of radiation detectors; nuclear electronics; statistical methods and spectral analysis; methods of radiation detection; neutron activation analysis; charged particle activation analysis; photon activation analysis; sample preparation and chemical separation; nuclear chemical analysis in biological and medical research; the use of nuclear chemical analysis in the field of criminology; nuclear chemical analysis in environmental sciences, geology and mineral exploration; and radiation protection

  18. Iran's nuclear program - for power generation or nuclear weapons?

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kippe, Halvor

    2008-11-01

    This report addresses the development of a nuclear infrastructure in Iran, and assessments are made on the near-term potential this infrastructure might yield of either nuclear power or nuclear arms production. The most significant facilities are treated in a more elaborate fashion, as these are assumed to have key roles in either a true civilian programme, or in the prospect of weapons-grade fissile material production. The future potential capacity for the latter is calculated under certain presumptions, both in the case that Iran focuses its efforts on uranium-based nuclear weapons, and in the case that it should choose the plutonium path to nuclear weapons. All the conclusions and findings in this report are based on technological considerations. This means that social or political assessments have not prevailed, rather the picture of Iran's nuclear programme is drawn through descriptions and assessments of facilities and systems, and their role in the bigger context. Definite conclusions have not been made as to whether Iran's nuclear programme currently is aimed towards nuclear arms or nuclear power. The secrecy surrounding some of the most prominent nuclear sites together with more or less credible allegations of purely weapons-related activities in the past, make it hard not to conclude that Iran until the disclosures in 2002 made as great an effort as it could on its way on developing nuclear weapons covertly. The scope of today's nuclear programme seems, on the other hand, most likely to be in part to help relieve the ever-increasing need for energy, although considerable deficits to this strategy are identified, at the same time as the Iranian people are united in a giant, high-prestige project in defiance of massive international pressure. Adding to this is a much-feared ability to rapidly being able to redirect their nuclear efforts, and develop nuclear arms in perhaps as little as one year. This so-called break-out scenario, where Iran presumably

  19. Nuclear power and nuclear safety 2011

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lauritzen, B.; Oelgaard, P.L.; Aage, H.K.; Kampmann, D.; Nystrup, P.E.; Thomsen, J.

    2012-07-01

    The report is the ninth report in a series of annual reports on the international development of nuclear power production, with special emphasis on safety issues and nuclear emergency preparedness. The report is written in collaboration between Risoe DTU and the Danish Emergency Management Agency. The report for 2011 covers the following topics: status of nuclear power production, regional trends, reactor development, safety related events, international relations and conflicts, and the Fukushima accident. (LN)

  20. Nuclear data for nuclear reactor analyses

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pearlstein, S.

    1984-01-01

    A discussion of nuclear data is presented emphasizing to what extent data are known and to what accuracy. The principal data of interest is that for neutron cross-sections. The changing status of data, evaluated nuclear data files and data validation and improvement are described. Although the discussion relates to nuclear data for reactor analysis may of the results also apply to fusion, accelerator, shielding, biomedical, space and defense studies. (U.K.)

  1. Nuclear power and nuclear safety 2009

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lauritzen, B.; Oelgaard, P.L.; Kampmann, D.; Nystrup, P.E.; Thorlaksen, B.

    2010-05-01

    The report is the seventh report in a series of annual reports on the international development of nuclear power production, with special emphasis on safety issues and nuclear emergency preparedness. The report is written in collaboration between Risoe DTU and the Danish Emergency Management Agency. The report for 2009 covers the following topics: status of nuclear power production, regional trends, reactor development, safety related events, international relations, conflicts and the European safety directive. (LN)

  2. Nuclear Security for Floating Nuclear Power Plants

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Skiba, James M. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Scherer, Carolynn P. [Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

    2015-10-13

    Recently there has been a lot of interest in small modular reactors. A specific type of these small modular reactors (SMR,) are marine based power plants called floating nuclear power plants (FNPP). These FNPPs are typically built by countries with extensive knowledge of nuclear energy, such as Russia, France, China and the US. These FNPPs are built in one country and then sent to countries in need of power and/or seawater desalination. Fifteen countries have expressed interest in acquiring such power stations. Some designs for such power stations are briefly summarized. Several different avenues for cooperation in FNPP technology are proposed, including IAEA nuclear security (i.e. safeguards), multilateral or bilateral agreements, and working with Russian design that incorporates nuclear safeguards for IAEA inspections in non-nuclear weapons states

  3. Sexo y Modernidad en la España de la Segunda República. Los discursos de la ciencia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Huertas, Rafael

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this article is to explore the scientific content of the “sexual reform” movement which took place in Spain during the 1920s and 1930s, culminating during the Second Republic. It covers three essential aspects of this subject: 1 the introduction of the new science of sexology; 2 the interest in sex education for children; and 3 the passing of new marriage legislation (the Divorce Law of 1932. Areas of scientific discourse are identified, associated with a “modernization” of mores and based on secular and progressive assumptions. The conflict between biological or endocrinological approaches and psychoanalytical methods is discussed, with encouragement of a healthy, aware experience of sexuality becoming established as the central argument. Issues such as responsible parenting, birth control, prevention of mental disorders (linked to traumatic sexual experiences, etc. are analysed in the light of medical, psychological and legal sources, in relation to the reform of sexual mores and overcoming the bourgeois moral double standardEste artículo pretende estudiar los contenidos científicos del movimiento de “reforma sexual” que tuvo lugar en España en los años veinte y treinta y que culminó durante la Segunda República. Se abordan, al respecto, tres aspectos fundamentales: 1 la introducción de la nueva ciencia sexológica; 2 el interés por la educación sexual de los niños; y 3 la promulgación de una nueva legislación matrimonial (la ley de divorcio de 1932. Se identifican discursos científicos, asimilados a una “modernización” de las costumbres, siempre desde presupuestos laicos y progresistas. Se apunta la confrontación entre enfoques biologicistas o endocrinológicos y planteamientos psicoanalíticos, estableciéndose como eje argumental el fomento de una vivencia consciente y sana de la sexualidad. Temas como paternidad responsable, control de la natalidad, prevención de los trastornos mentales (ligados a

  4. Éxito académico de la segunda generación de inmigrantes en E.E.U.U.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosa María Rodríguez Izquierdo

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Los alumnos de minorías étnicas entran en la escuela desde diversos orígenes, con diferentes experiencias de la inmigración y recursos según las familias de las que proceden. Este artículo trata de responder a dos cuestiones: (1 ¿Por qué algunos estudiantes tienen éxito mientras otros luchan académicamente y no logran conseguirlo?, (2 ¿Hasta qué punto ayuda o desfavorece la consecución del éxito académico el mantenimiento de la cultura de origen? Educadores, investigadores y políticos, con frecuencia, han creído que los niños y niñas inmigrantes tienen mayor éxito en la escuela si ellos y sus familias se asimilan culturalmente y asumen las características prevalentes en la sociedad mayoritaria. Por lo tanto, se piensa a menudo en la retención étnica (como por ejemplo, mantener sus valores étnicos y prácticas como un factor importante para no tener éxito académico. Sin embargo, basado en evidencias empíricas, la asimilación segmentada es en la actualidad un predictor de mayores logros académicos en los hijos de familias inmigrantes. Este artículo examina los diferentes aspectos del proceso de adaptación a las escuelas de la segunda generación de inmigrantes y las distintas hipótesis alternativas en estos procesos y sus determinantes.Children of ethnic minorities come from diverse backgrounds and enter school with different family migration experiences and resources.This paper addresses two basic questions:(1 Why some students do wellatschool while othersstrive to obtain it and do notsucceed?,(2 To whatextent the maintenance oftheir original culture help or make more difficult their academic achievement? Educators, researchers and policymakers often believe that immigrant children perform better in school if they and their families culturally assimilate and assume the characteristics prevalent in the dominant mainstream society. Therefore, ethnic retention (i.e., immigrant families embracing their own ethnic

  5. Nuclear science in the 20th century. Nuclear agricultural science

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu Jun; Xu Furong; Zheng Chunkai

    2003-01-01

    Nuclear science and technology have been successfully applied to many subjects, nuclear agriculture being one of the most important applications. We present a general review of the applications of nuclear radiation and nuclear tracer techniques in agriculture. The development of nuclear agriculture in China is also reviewed briefly

  6. 18 CFR 1316.9 - Nuclear energy hazards and nuclear incidents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-04-01

    ... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Nuclear energy hazards... Text of Conditions and Certifications § 1316.9 Nuclear energy hazards and nuclear incidents. When so... documents or actions: Nuclear Energy Hazards and Nuclear Incidents (Applicable only to contracts for goods...

  7. Themes in nuclear law; Temas de Derecho Nuclear

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    2003-07-01

    The nuclear law was analyzed during a workshop. The main aspects were: the law of population to access to information on nuclear energy and the relationship between the Regulator Organism and the nuclear power plants managers.

  8. Combating nuclear terrorism in India: preventive nuclear forensic perspectives

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Raghav, N.K.; Lad, J.S.; Deshmukh, A.V.; Jagtap, S.S.

    2014-01-01

    Nuclear terrorism is constant threat to India by many terrorist organization and neighboring country. These organizations are directly or indirectly aided with nuclear material by terrorism supporting country. Such organization has a significant potential source for acquiring nuclear and other radioactive material. Possibility of leakage is widely feared because of the deteriorating law and order condition, great spur of nuclear proliferation after the cold war and disintegration of USSR. Terrorist could gain access to Nuclear and radioactive material and smuggle to India through porous borders. Preventive forensic approach in screening and searching nuclear and radioactive material will play cardinal role to prevent nuclear disaster happening in India. Future plans could be extracted from terrorists through their narco-tests, brain fingerprinting and a data base on this could be prepared, which could later be used to help prevent any attacks. In present paper authors strongly recommend setting up Preventive Forensic Units in India so that any internal or external nuclear attack could be aborted. (author)

  9. Historical civilian nuclear accident based Nuclear Reactor Condition Analyzer

    Science.gov (United States)

    McCoy, Kaylyn Marie

    There are significant challenges to successfully monitoring multiple processes within a nuclear reactor facility. The evidence for this observation can be seen in the historical civilian nuclear incidents that have occurred with similar initiating conditions and sequences of events. Because there is a current lack within the nuclear industry, with regards to the monitoring of internal sensors across multiple processes for patterns of failure, this study has developed a program that is directed at accomplishing that charge through an innovation that monitors these systems simultaneously. The inclusion of digital sensor technology within the nuclear industry has appreciably increased computer systems' capabilities to manipulate sensor signals, thus making the satisfaction of these monitoring challenges possible. One such manipulation to signal data has been explored in this study. The Nuclear Reactor Condition Analyzer (NRCA) program that has been developed for this research, with the assistance of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's Graduate Fellowship, utilizes one-norm distance and kernel weighting equations to normalize all nuclear reactor parameters under the program's analysis. This normalization allows the program to set more consistent parameter value thresholds for a more simplified approach to analyzing the condition of the nuclear reactor under its scrutiny. The product of this research provides a means for the nuclear industry to implement a safety and monitoring program that can oversee the system parameters of a nuclear power reactor facility, like that of a nuclear power plant.

  10. Nuclear energy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2007-01-01

    This digest document was written by members of the union of associations of ex-members and retired people of the Areva group (UARGA). It gives a comprehensive overview of the nuclear industry world, starting from radioactivity and its applications, and going on with the fuel cycle (front-end, back-end, fuel reprocessing, transports), the nuclear reactors (PWR, BWR, Candu, HTR, generation 4 systems), the effluents from nuclear facilities, the nuclear wastes (processing, disposal), and the management and safety of nuclear activities. (J.S.)

  11. ANÁLISIS DE LA DISTRIBUCIÓN ESPACIAL DE NODOS DE SERVICIOS EN LA SEGUNDA FRANJA RESIDENCIAL DE UNA CIUDAD INTERMEDIA PATAGÓNICA COMO APORTE AL DIAGNÓSTICO TERRITORIAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alicia Cáceres

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Río Gallegos, es una ciudad intermedia monocéntrica de la Patagonia austral argentina con función político administrativo en proceso de metropolización. La segunda franja residencial es la extensión del área central en un segundo momento de crecimiento de la población a partir de la década del ́60 debido a la importancia de la actividad ganadera ovina, asentamiento de la administración de Yacimientos Carboníferos Fiscales (YCF, de los campamentos de Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales (YPF y la administración pública. Estas actividades atrajeron a migrantes de otras provincias argentinas y del sur de Chile que ocupan acelerada y espontáneamente tierras fiscales, principalmente con viviendas uni y multifamiliares, en parcelas urbanas de dimensiones mínimas. Esta área residencial, densamente poblada, requirió del incremento de servicios y equipamiento básico de salud, educación, recreativo, deportivo, seguridad, de asistencia social, de sanidad, necesarios para el funcionamiento y atención de los habitantes. Estos equipamientos, dependientes algunos de la administración provincial, otros de la municipal, se localizan en parcelas cercanas que comprenden unas pocas manzanas, cuya concentración constituyen nodos de servicios que atraen otros usos como el comercial. Los nodos de servicios comprenden áreas de influencia delimitadas por el Estado municipal con diferente cantidad de población. De este modo este trabajo tiene como objetivo conocer de los nodos de servicios la relación entre la cantidad de la población de las áreas de influencia y la distribución espacial, para evaluar si los requerimientos de servicios básicos de la población de la segunda franja residencial están atendidos. Se destaca la importancia de los resultados que sirven de aporte para estudios referidos al diagnóstico territorial. La metodología adoptada consiste en localizar los nodos de servicios con sus respectivas áreas de influencia a partir

  12. Nuclear chemistry

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vertes, A.; Kiss, I.

    1987-01-01

    This book is an introduction to the application of nuclear science in modern chemistry. The first group of chapters discuss the basic phenomena and concepts of nuclear physics with emphasis on their relation to chemical problems, including the main properties and the composition of atomic nuclei, nuclear reactions, radioactive decay and interactions of radiation with matter. These chapters provide the basis for understanding the following chapters which encompass the wide scope of nuclear chemistry. The methods of the investigation of chemical structure based on the interaction of nuclear radiation with matter including positronium chemistry and other exotic atoms is elaborated in particular detail. Separate chapters are devoted to the use of radioactive tracers, the chemical consequences of nuclear processes (i.e. hot atom chemistry), radiation chemistry, isotope effects and their applications, and the operation of nuclear reactors

  13. Nuclear chemistry

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vertes, A.; Kiss, I.

    1987-01-01

    This book is an introduction to the application of nuclear science in modern chemistry. The first group of chapters discuss the basic phenomena and concepts of nuclear physics with emphasis on their relation to chemical problems, including the main properties and the composition of atomic nuclei, nuclear reactions, radioactive decay and interactions of radiation with matter. These chapters provide the basis for understanding the following chapters which encompass the wide scope of nuclear chemistry. The methods of the investigation of chemical structure based on the interaction of nuclear radiation with matter including positronium chemistry and other exotic atoms is elaborated in particular detail. Separate chapters are devoted to the use of radioactive tracers, the chemical consequences of nuclear processes (i.e. hot atom chemistry), radiation chemistry, isotope effects and their applications, and the operation of nuclear reactors. (Auth.)

  14. Nuclear power

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Anon.

    1980-01-01

    The committee concludes that the nature of the proliferation problem is such that even stopping nuclear power completely could not stop proliferation completely. Countries can acquire nuclear weapons by means independent of commercial nuclear power. It is reasonable to suppose if a country is strongly motivated to acquire nuclear weapons, it will have them by 2010, or soon thereafter, no matter how nuclear power is managed in the meantime. Unilateral and international diplomatic measures to reduce the motivations that lead to proliferation should be high on the foreign policy agenda of the United States. A mimimum antiproliferation prescription for the management of nuclear power is to try to raise the political barriers against proliferation through misuse of nuclear power by strengthening the Non-Proliferation Treaty, and to seek to raise the technological barriers by placing fuel-cycle operations involving weapons-usable material under international control. Any such measures should be considered tactics to slow the spread of nuclear weapons and thus earn time for the exercise of statesmanship. The committee concludes the following about technical factors that should be considered in formulating nuclear policy: (1) rate of growth of electricity use is a primary factor; (2) growth of conventional nuclear power will be limited by producibility of domestic uranium sources; (3) greater contribution of nuclear power beyond 400 GWe past the year 2000 can only be supported by advanced reactor systems; and (4) several different breeder reactors could serve in principle as candidates for an indefinitely sustainable source of energy

  15. Inseparable twins: nuclear bomb fuel and nuclear energy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ruff, T.; University of Melbourne, Melbourne

    2006-01-01

    The spread of nuclear power increases the number of nations and organisations with opportunities to make nuclear weapons or buy or steal the materials to make them. Global warming demands real solutions, not nuclear diversions and dangers.

  16. International Nuclear Security Education Network (INSEN): Promoting nuclear security education

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Muhamad Samudi Yasir

    2013-01-01

    Full-text: The need for human resource development programmes in nuclear security was underlined at several International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) General Conferences and Board of Governors Meetings. Successive IAEA Nuclear Security Plans, the most recent of which was agreed by the Board of Governors in September 2009, give high priority to assisting States in establishing educational programmes in nuclear security in order to ensure the sustainability of nuclear security improvements. The current Nuclear Security Plan 1 covering 2010-2013 emphasizes on the importance of considering existing capacities at international, regional and national levels while designing nuclear security academic programmes. In the course of implementing the Plan, the IAEA developed a guide entitled Educational Programme in Nuclear Security (IAEA Nuclear Security Series No. 12) that consists of a model of a MAster of Science (M.Sc.) and a Certificate Programme in Nuclear Security. This guide was aims at assisting universities or other educational institutes to developed academic programmes in nuclear security. Independently, some universities already offered academic programmes covering some areas of nuclear security, while other universities have asked the IAEA to support the implementation of these programmes. In order to better address current and future request for assistance in this area, the IAEA establish a collaboration network-International Nuclear Security Education Network (INSEN), among universities who are providing nuclear security education or who are interested in starting an academic programme/ course(s) in nuclear security. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) is a first local university became a member of INSEN since the beginning of the establishment. (author)

  17. The separation of nuclear power from nuclear proliferation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Starr, C.

    1979-01-01

    There exists world wide a strong common desire to limit nuclear weapons proliferation so as to inhibit or remove the threat of nuclear warfare. While this is a primary international political objective, there has also developed a secondary objective to limit any potential contribution to such nuclear weapons proliferation which might arise by the diversion of weapons material from the civilian nuclear power fuel cycle. This secondary objective is the basis of the present US government policy to defer the reprocessing of nuclear fuels anywhere. This policy has been generally recognized as a temporary expedient to provide time for international reexamination of the problems of weapons proliferation associated with nuclear power. A successful development of the proposed combination of the Fast Breeder Reactor and the Civex fuel reprocessing facility would provide an economical nuclear power source for many centuries which inherently separates nuclear power from the issue of weapons material diversion and proliferation. Further, by so doing, it permits great flexibility in international and national planning for nuclear power, as the issues of fuel dependence and terrorist and subnational diversions disappear. In addition, the expansion of the FBR/Civex system would eat into the LWR spent fuel stockpile, diminishing steadily this relatively accessible plutonium source. And finally, a rapid development of the FBR/Civex for the above reasons would substantially reduce the worldwide concern as to the adequacy of uranium ore supply. (Auth.)

  18. General Nuclear Medicine

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Resources Professions Site Index A-Z General Nuclear Medicine Nuclear medicine imaging uses small amounts of radioactive ... of General Nuclear Medicine? What is General Nuclear Medicine? Nuclear medicine is a branch of medical imaging ...

  19. Introducing nuclear power into currently non-nuclear states

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Claassen, Gert

    2007-01-01

    As the nuclear renaissance gains momentum, many countries that currently have no nuclear power plants will begin to consider introducing them. It is anticipated that smaller reactors such as the Pebble Bed Modulator Reactor (PBMR) will not only be sold to current nuclear states to also to states where there is currently no nuclear experience. A range of issues would have to be considered for nuclear plants to be solid to non-nuclear states, such as the appropriate regulatory environment, standardization and codes, non-proliferation, security of supply, obtaining experienced merchant operators, appropriate financial structures and education and training. The paper considers nine major issues that need to be addressed by governments and vendors alike. International cooperation by organisations such as the IAEA, financial institutions and international suppliers will be required to ensure that developing countries as well as developed ones share the benefits of the nuclear renaissance. The opportunities that the nuclear industry affords to develop local skills, create job opportunities and to develop local manufacturing industries are among the important reasons that the South African Government has decided to support and fund the development of the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor project. These considerations are included in the paper. (author)

  20. International conference: Features of nuclear excitation states and mechanisms of nuclear reactions. 51. Meeting on nuclear spectroscopy and nuclear structure. The book of abstracts

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2001-01-01

    Results of the LI Meeting on Nuclear Spectroscopy and Nuclear Structure are presented. Properties of excited states of atomic nuclei and mechanisms of nuclear reactions are considered. Studies on the theory of nucleus and fundamental interactions pertinent to experimental study of nuclei properties and mechanisms of nuclear reactions, technique and methods of experiment, application of nuclear-physical method, are provided [ru

  1. Nuclear energy and the nuclear energy industry

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bromova, E.; Vargoncik, D.; Sovadina, M.

    2013-01-01

    A popular interactive multimedia publication on nuclear energy in Slovak. 'Nuclear energy and energy' is a modern electronic publication that through engaging interpretation, combined with a number of interactive elements, explains the basic principles and facts of the peaceful uses of nuclear energy. Operation of nuclear power plants, an important part of the energy resources of developed countries, is frequently discussed topic in different social groups. Especially important is truthful knowledgeability of the general public about the benefits of technical solutions, but also on the risks and safety measures throughout the nuclear industry. According to an online survey 'Nuclear energy and energy' is the most comprehensive electronic multimedia publication worldwide, dedicated to the popularization of nuclear energy. With easy to understand texts, interactive and rich collection of accessories stock it belongs to modern educational and informational titles of the present time. The basic explanatory text of the publication is accompanied by history and the present time of all Slovak nuclear installations, including stock photos. For readers are presented the various attractions legible for the interpretation, which help them in a visual way to make a more complete picture of the concerned issue. Each chapter ends with a test pad where the readers can test their knowledge. Whole explanatory text (72 multimedia pages, 81,000 words) is accompanied by a lot of stock of graphic materials. The publication also includes 336 photos in 60 thematic photo galleries, 45 stock charts and drawings, diagrams and interactive 31 videos and 3D models.

  2. Nuclear power and nuclear safety 2012

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lauritzen, B.; Nonboel, E.; Israelson, C.; Kampmann, D.; Nystrup, P.E.; Thomsen, J.

    2013-11-01

    The report is the tenth report in a series of annual reports on the international development of nuclear power production, with special emphasis on safety issues and nuclear emergency preparedness. The report is prepared in collaboration between DTU Nutech and the Danish Emergency Management Agency. The report for 2012 covers the following topics: status of nuclear power production, regional trends, reactor development, safety related events, international relations and conflicts, and the results of the EU stress test. (LN)

  3. Nuclear Law

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wiesbauer, Bruno

    1978-01-01

    This book is the first attempt of a comprehensive compilation of national Austrian Nuclear Law (Nuclear Liability Act; Radiation protection Act, Radiation Protection Ordinance, Security Control Act, Act on the uses of Nuclear Energy - Zwentendorf Nuclear Power Plant) and the most important international agreements to which Austria is a party. Furthermore, the book contains the most important Nuclear Liability Conventions to which Austria is not yet a party, but which are applicable in neighbouring; the Paris Convention served as a model for the national Nuclear Liability Act and may be used for its interpretation. The author has translated a number of international instruments into German, such as the Expose des Motifs of the Paris Convention. (NEA) [fr

  4. Nuclear energy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Panait, A.

    1994-01-01

    This is a general report presenting the section VII entitled Nuclear Power of the National Conference on Energy (CNE '94) held in Neptun, Romania, on 13-16 June 1994. The problems addressed were those relating to electric power produced by nuclear power plant, to heat secondary generation, to quality assurance, to safety, etc. A special attention was paid to the commissioning of the first Romanian nuclear power unit, the Cernavoda-1 reactor of CANDU type. The communications were grouped in four subsections. These were: 1. Quality assurance, nuclear safety, and environmental protection; 2. Nuclear power plant, commissioning, and operation; 3. Nuclear power plant inspection, maintenance, and repairs, heavy water technology; 4. Public opinion education. There were 22 reports, altogether

  5. Nuclear Energy Scientific, technical and social perspectives of nuclear-electrical conversion

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Suarez Antola, R.

    2009-01-01

    The book begins with a brief review of basic knowledge historic milestones, radiation physics, biological effects of radiation and radioprotection, and nuclear physics. Then, several subjects in nuclear reactor engineering and nuclear power plants are introduced: a brief description of nuclear reactors and systems in a nuclear power plant, neutron physics, thermal hydraulics (including the thermodynamics of the whole nuclear power plant), nuclear fuels and fuel cycles, dynamic and control of nuclear reactors and nuclear power plant, safety of nuclear reactors, operation of power plants, decisions related with a nuclear power station (including sitting, economic and financial aspects, risks and detriments assessment), and a brief survey of future technologies. In the last chapter, the book enters into other subjects (in part of a philosophical nature) that relate, from the standpoint of energy, social and environmental problems with political issues and current world views

  6. Nuclear and radiological safety nuclear power nuclear fuel cycle and waste management

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1997-05-01

    This catalogue lists all sales publications of the International Atomic Energy Agency dealing with Nuclear and Radiological Safety, Nuclear Power and Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Management and issued during the period of 1995-1996. Most publications are in English. Proceedings of conferences, symposia and panels of experts may contain some papers in languages other than English (Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian or Spanish), but all these papers have abstracts in English

  7. Nuclear science

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1989-01-01

    This fact sheet answers specific questions about the Department of Energy's possible acquisition and conversion of a partially completed commercial nuclear power plant to a nuclear materials production facility. The nuclear power plant is the Washington Nuclear Plant number sign 1 owned by the Washington Public Power Supply System and is located on DOE's Hanford Reservation near Richland, Washington

  8. Nuclear science

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1989-04-01

    This report answers questions about the Department of Energy's possible acquisition and conversion of a partially completed commercial nuclear power plant to a nuclear materials production facility. The nuclear power plant is the Washington Nuclear Plant No.1 owned by the Washington Public Power Supply System and is located on DOE's Hanford Reservation near Richland, Washington

  9. Nuclear measurements

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Schenkel, R.

    2005-01-01

    Nuclear measurements play a fundamental role in the development of nuclear technology and the assurance of its peaceful use. They are also required in many non-power nuclear applications such as in nuclear medicine, agriculture, environmental protection, etc. This presentation will show examples of most recent advances in measurement methodology or technology in the areas described below. The Generation IV International Forum has selected six innovative reactor systems as candidates for a next generation of sustainable, economic and safe nuclear energy systems. The choice of the best options relies heavily on the availability of accurate nuclear data that can only be obtained, in an international effort, using highly specialised facilities. Significant efforts are being directed towards the partitioning and transmutation of highly active nuclear waste. Different concepts involving fast reactors or accelerator-driven systems are being studied in view of their transmutation capabilities. State of the art equipment has been developed to assess basic properties of nuclear fuel at very high burn-up; some fine examples of this work will be shown. Physical and chemical methods play a crucial role in the detection and identification of radioisotopes used in various stages of the nuclear fuel cycle. Radiation measurement techniques are used, for example, to monitor the quantities of uranium, plutonium and other actinide elements in fuel enrichment and reprocessing facilities. Another field of application of physical and chemical methods is the characterisation of nuclear material seized from illicit trafficking. Seized material has to be analysed in order to obtain clues on its origin and intended use and to prevent diversion of nuclear material from the same source in the future. A recent highlight in basic physics relates to nuclear fission and transmutation with high intensity lasers. Ultra-fast high intensity lasers can produce high energy (tens of MeV) photons through

  10. Sunken nuclear submarines

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Eriksen, V.O.

    1990-01-01

    The increasing number of accidents with nuclear submarines is a worriment to the general public. Five nuclear submarines are resting on the bottom of the North Atlantic. Design information on nuclear propulsion plants for submarines is classified. The author describes a potential generic nuclear submarine propulsion plant. Design information from the civilian nuclear industry, nuclear power plants, research reactors, nuclear cargo vessels and nuclear propelled icebreakers are used for illustration of relevant problems. A survey is given of nuclear submarines. Factors influencing the accident risks and safety characteristics of nuclear submarines are considered, and potential accident scenarios are described. The fission product content of the nuclear plant can be estimated, '' source terms'' can be guessed and potential release rates can be judged. The mechanisms of dispersion in the oceans is reviewed and compared with the dumping of radioactive waste in the Atlantic and other known releases. 46 refs., 49 figs., 14 tabs

  11. Nuclear reactions video (knowledge base on low energy nuclear physics)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zagrebaev, V.; Kozhin, A.

    1999-01-01

    The NRV (nuclear reactions video) is an open and permanently extended global system of management and graphical representation of nuclear data and video-graphic computer simulation of low energy nuclear dynamics. It consists of a complete and renewed nuclear database and well known theoretical models of low energy nuclear reactions altogether forming the 'low energy nuclear knowledge base'. The NRV solves two main problems: 1) fast and visualized obtaining and processing experimental data on nuclear structure and nuclear reactions; 2) possibility for any inexperienced user to analyze experimental data within reliable commonly used models of nuclear dynamics. The system is based on the realization of the following principal things: the net and code compatibility with the main existing nuclear databases; maximal simplicity in handling: extended menu, friendly graphical interface, hypertext description of the models, and so on; maximal visualization of input data, dynamics of studied processes and final results by means of real three-dimensional images, plots, tables and formulas and a three-dimensional animation. All the codes are composed as the real Windows applications and work under Windows 95/NT

  12. Nuclear Forensics: Scientific Analysis Supporting Law Enforcement and Nuclear Security Investigations.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Keegan, Elizabeth; Kristo, Michael J; Toole, Kaitlyn; Kips, Ruth; Young, Emma

    2016-02-02

    Nuclear forensic science, or "nuclear forensic", aims to answer questions about nuclear material found outside of regulatory control. In this Feature, we provide a general overview of nuclear forensics, selecting examples of key "nuclear forensic signatures" which have allowed investigators to determine the identity of unknown nuclear material in real investigations.

  13. Nuclear Symbiosis - A Means to Achieve Sustainable Nuclear Growth while Limiting the Spread of Sensitive Nuclear Technology

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shropshire, David

    2009-01-01

    Global growth of nuclear energy in the 21st century is creating new challenges to limit the spread of nuclear technology without hindering adoption in countries now considering nuclear power. Independent nuclear states desire autonomy over energy choices and seek energy independence. However, this independence comes with high costs for development of new indigenous fuel cycle capabilities. Nuclear supplier states and expert groups have proposed fuel supply assurance mechanisms such as fuel take-back services, international enrichment services and fuel banks in exchange for recipient state concessions on the development of sensitive technologies. Nuclear states are slow to accept any concessions to their rights under the Non-Proliferation Treaty. To date, decisions not to develop indigenous fuel cycle capabilities have been driven primarily by economics. However, additional incentives may be required to offset a nuclear state's perceived loss of energy independence. This paper proposes alternative economic development incentives that could help countries decide to forgo development of sensitive nuclear technologies. The incentives are created through a nuclear-centered industrial complex with 'symbiotic' links to indigenous economic opportunities. This paper also describes a practical tool called the 'Nuclear Materials Exchange' for identifying these opportunities.

  14. Nuclear Symbiosis - A Means to Achieve Sustainable Nuclear Growth while Limiting the Spread of Sensititive Nuclear Technology

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    David Shropshire

    2009-09-01

    Global growth of nuclear energy in the 21st century is creating new challenges to limit the spread of nuclear technology without hindering adoption in countries now considering nuclear power. Independent nuclear states desire autonomy over energy choices and seek energy independence. However, this independence comes with high costs for development of new indigenous fuel cycle capabilities. Nuclear supplier states and expert groups have proposed fuel supply assurance mechanisms such as fuel take-back services, international enrichment services and fuel banks in exchange for recipient state concessions on the development of sensitive technologies. Nuclear states are slow to accept any concessions to their rights under the Non-Proliferation Treaty. To date, decisions not to develop indigenous fuel cycle capabilities have been driven primarily by economics. However, additional incentives may be required to offset a nuclear state’s perceived loss of energy independence. This paper proposes alternative economic development incentives that could help countries decide to forgo development of sensitive nuclear technologies. The incentives are created through a nuclear-centered industrial complex with “symbiotic” links to indigenous economic opportunities. This paper also describes a practical tool called the “Nuclear Materials Exchange” for identifying these opportunities.

  15. Nuclear energy and nuclear weapons proliferation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1989-01-01

    A summary of the report dispatched in the middle of 1978 by the Atlantic Council of United States, organized by North American citizens, is presented. The report considers the relation between the production of nucleoelectric energy and the capacity of proliferation of nuclear weapons. The factors which affect the grade of proliferation risk represented by the use of nuclear energy in the world comparing this risk with the proliferation risks independently of nuclear energy, are examined. (M.C.K.) [pt

  16. Nuclear Security Recommendations on Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities (INFCIRC/225/Revision 5): Recommendations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2011-01-01

    This publication, Revision 5 of Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities (INFCIRC/225), is intended to provide guidance to States and their competent authorities on how to develop or enhance, implement and maintain a physical protection regime for nuclear material and nuclear facilities, through the establishment or improvement of their capabilities to implement legislative and regulatory programmes. The recommendations presented in this publication reflect a broad consensus among IAEA Member States on the requirements which should be met for the physical protection of nuclear materials and nuclear facilities.

  17. Nuclear winter: Global consequences of multiple nuclear explosions

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Turco, R.P.; Toon, O.B.; Ackerman, T.P.; Pollack, J.B.; Sagan, C.

    1984-01-01

    Concern has been raised over the short- and long-term consequences of the dust, smoke, radioactivity, and toxic vapors that would be generated by a nuclear war. The discovery that dense clouds of soil particles may have played a major role in past mass extinctions of life on Earth has encouraged the reconsideration of nuclear war effects. These developments have led the authors to calculate, using new data and improved models, the potential global environmental effects of dust and smoke clouds (henceforth referred to as nuclear dust and smoke) generated in a nuclear war. They neglect the short-term effects of blast, fire, and radiation. Most of the world's population could probably survive the initial nuclear exchange and would inherit the postwar environment. Accordingly, the longer-term and global-scale aftereffects of nuclear war might prove to be as important as the immediate consequences of the war

  18. Choosing nuclear engineering: A survey of nuclear engineering undergraduates

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shillenn, J.K.; Klevans, E.H.

    1988-01-01

    Maintaining a reliable pool of qualified nuclear engineering graduates depends on the ability of nuclear engineering undergraduate programs to recruit students. With the prospect of declining enrollments in nuclear engineering it is important for nuclear engineering programs to know what factors influence students to choose nuclear engineering as an undergraduate major and why they choose a particular undergraduate program. This type of information can be very important to nuclear engineering programs that develop recruiting strategies. To provide some insight into this area, a questionnaire was designed and given to undergraduate nuclear engineering students at Pennsylvania State University. The purpose of the survey was to provide information on the reasons that students picked nuclear engineering as a career and chose to attend Penn State. The questionnaire was given to 27 students in their junior year during the spring semester of 1987 and again to 35 junior students during the spring semester of 1988. There was little difference except as noted between the two groups on their responses to the questionnaire. A partial listing of the survey results is provided

  19. Nuclear option

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kemm, K R

    1978-05-01

    The global outlook is that nuclear reactors are here to stay and South Africa has already entered the nuclear power stakes. This article discusses the rocketing oil prices, and the alternatives that can be used in power generation, the good safety record of the nuclear industry and the effect that South Africa's first nuclear power station should have on the environment.

  20. Nuclear medicine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lentle, B.C.

    1986-01-01

    Several growth areas for nuclear medicine were defined. Among them were: cardiac nuclear medicine, neuro-psychiatric nuclear medicine, and cancer diagnosis through direct tumor imaging. A powerful new tool, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) was lauded as the impetus for new developments in nuclear medicine. The political environment (funding, degree of autonomy) was discussed, as were the economic and scientific environments

  1. High-Frequency Dynamic Nuclear Polarization in the Nuclear Rotating Frame

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Farrar, C. T.; Hall, D. A.; Gerfen, G. J.

    2000-01-01

    A proton dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) NMR signal enhancement (ϵ) close to thermal equilibrium, ϵ = 0.89, has been obtained at high field (B0 = 5 T, νepr = 139.5 GHz) using 15 mM trityl radical in a 40:60 water/glycerol frozen solution at 11 K. The electron-nuclear polarization transfer...... is performed in the nuclear rotating frame with microwave irradiation during a nuclear spin-lock pulse. The growth of the signal enhancement is governed by the rotating frame nuclear spin–lattice relaxation time (T1ρ), which is four orders of magnitude shorter than the nuclear spin–lattice relaxation time (T1n......). Due to the rapid polarization transfer in the nuclear rotating frame the experiment can be recycled at a rate of 1/T1ρ and is not limited by the much slower lab frame nuclear spin–lattice relaxation rate (1/T1n). The increased repetition rate allowed in the nuclear rotating frame provides an effective...

  2. Nuclear waste management, reactor decommisioning, nuclear liability and public attitudes

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Green, R.E.

    1982-01-01

    This paper deals with several issues that are frequently raised by the public in any discussion of nuclear energy, and explores some aspects of public attitudes towards nuclear-related activities. The characteristics of the three types of waste associated with the nuclear fuel cycle, i.e. mine/mill tailings, reactor wastes and nuclear fuel wastes, are defined, and the methods currently being proposed for their safe handling and disposal are outlined. The activities associated with reactor decommissioning are also described, as well as the Canadian approach to nuclear liability. The costs associated with nuclear waste management, reactor decommissioning and nuclear liability are also discussed. Finally, the issue of public attitudes towards nuclear energy is addressed. It is concluded that a simple and comprehensive information program is needed to overcome many of the misconceptions that exist about nuclear energy and to provide the public with a more balanced information base on which to make decisions

  3. New nuclear projects in the world. Sustainable Nuclear Energy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Leon, P. T.

    2011-01-01

    Nuclear power has experienced a major boom in the last few years, primarily because it is a non-CO 2 emitting energy source, it can be produced at competitive costs and it can boost a country's security of supply. there are still two issues to be addressed in relation to the currently used technologies: the degree to which the energy content of nuclear fuel is used, and wastes. A solution to both these aspects would ut nuclear power in the category of sustainable energy. The article provides details on current nuclear plans in the wold, the impact of the Fukushima accident on different countries nuclear plans and the European initiatives for sustainable nuclear energy development. (Author)

  4. Optimization and validation of a methodology for the qualitative determination of polar pesticides in a carbonated soft drink and some cookies for EFS-CG/DEM

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cartin Elizondo, Jorge Eduardo

    2014-01-01

    Chemical analysis of polar pesticides has been qualitatively interest in forensic scientific research by toxicological qualities to the attainment of crimes against human life, pets and plants; associating people and objects in the scene and the possible ways in which the events occurred. The Unidad de Toxicos y Varios of the Seccion de Quimica Analitica of the Departamento de Ciencias Forenses has analyzed polar pesticides and other families to concentration levels, is compared to the environmental analysis and quality control of food. The compounds are used in Costa Rica in recent years as acute chemical weapon to commit crimes against human and animal life. The toxic and lethal amounts of polar pesticides in mammals orally have been milligram level. The Seccion de Quimica Analitica has developed a qualitative methodology to analyze polar pesticides as minor components. The need for reliable analytical quality results has made it necessary to approach a review of the methodology of routine. The review has been solved by selecting two matrices characteristics in such cases: a solid food commercially known as maria biscuits and a carbonated cola. Analytes have been selected based on: greater toxicity, broad spectrum of analytes polarity, the octanol-water partition constant, the water solubility among others. The extraction of analytes in matrices has been selected by solid-phase extraction. The instrumental technique used is gas chromatography with mass selective detector. A method of acquisition optimized in its injection is used. The analysis of instrumental signals were obtained in scanning mode all ions formed, known as Scan and by monitoring mode of ions selected ions (MIS), analysis of the data is acquired in Scan mode because concentration levels of work. The methodology for the qualitative determination of pesticide meets the criteria established for the chemical identification of analytes carbofuran, phorate, terbufos, methyl parathion, chlorpyrifos and

  5. Nuclear fuels

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gangwani, Saloni; Chakrabortty, Sumita

    2011-01-01

    Nuclear fuel is a material that can be consumed to derive nuclear energy, by analogy to chemical fuel that is burned for energy. Nuclear fuels are the most dense sources of energy available. Nuclear fuel in a nuclear fuel cycle can refer to the fuel itself, or to physical objects (for example bundles composed of fuel rods) composed of the fuel material, mixed with structural, neutron moderating, or neutron reflecting materials. Long-lived radioactive waste from the back end of the fuel cycle is especially relevant when designing a complete waste management plan for SNF. When looking at long-term radioactive decay, the actinides in the SNF have a significant influence due to their characteristically long half-lives. Depending on what a nuclear reactor is fueled with, the actinide composition in the SNF will be different. The following paper will also include the uses. advancements, advantages, disadvantages, various processes and behavior of nuclear fuels

  6. Nuclear networking.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Xie, Wei; Burke, Brian

    2017-07-04

    Nuclear lamins are intermediate filament proteins that represent important structural components of metazoan nuclear envelopes (NEs). By combining proteomics and superresolution microscopy, we recently reported that both A- and B-type nuclear lamins form spatially distinct filament networks at the nuclear periphery of mouse fibroblasts. In particular, A-type lamins exhibit differential association with nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). Our studies reveal that the nuclear lamina network in mammalian somatic cells is less ordered and more complex than that of amphibian oocytes, the only other system in which the lamina has been visualized at high resolution. In addition, the NPC component Tpr likely links NPCs to the A-type lamin network, an association that appears to be regulated by C-terminal modification of various A-type lamin isoforms. Many questions remain, however, concerning the structure and assembly of lamin filaments, as well as with their mode of association with other nuclear components such as peripheral chromatin.

  7. Nuclear weapons modernizations

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kristensen, Hans M. [Federation of American Scientists, Washington, DC (United States)

    2014-05-09

    This article reviews the nuclear weapons modernization programs underway in the world's nine nuclear weapons states. It concludes that despite significant reductions in overall weapons inventories since the end of the Cold War, the pace of reductions is slowing - four of the nuclear weapons states are even increasing their arsenals, and all the nuclear weapons states are busy modernizing their remaining arsenals in what appears to be a dynamic and counterproductive nuclear competition. The author questions whether perpetual modernization combined with no specific plan for the elimination of nuclear weapons is consistent with the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and concludes that new limits on nuclear modernizations are needed.

  8. Introducing nuclear power into currently non-nuclear states

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Gert, Claassen

    2007-01-01

    As the nuclear renaissance gains momentum, many countries that currently have no nuclear power plants will begin to consider introducing them. It is anticipated that smaller reactors such as the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor (PBMR) will not only be sold to current nuclear states to also to states where there is currently no nuclear experience. A range of issues would have to be considered for nuclear plants to be sold to non-nuclear states, such as the appropriate regulatory environment, standardization and codes, non-proliferation, security of supply, obtaining experienced merchant operators, appropriate financial structures and education and training. The paper considers nine major issues that need to be addressed by governments and vendors alike: 1) political enabling framework, 2) regulatory framework, 3) responsible owner, 4) responsible operator, 5) finance, 6) contact management, 7) fuel supply and waste management framework, 8) training and education, and 9) industrial infrastructure. International cooperation by organisations such as the IAEA, financial institutions and international suppliers will be required to ensure that developing countries as well as developed ones share the benefits of the nuclear renaissance. The opportunities that the nuclear industry affords to develop local skills, create job opportunities and to develop local manufacturing industries are among the important reasons that the South African Government has decided to support and fund the development of the Pebble Bed Modular Reactor project. (author)

  9. Muon nuclear fusion and low temperature nuclear fusion

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nagamine, Kanetada

    1990-01-01

    Low temperature (or normal temperature) nuclear fusion is one of the phenomena causing nuclear fusion without requiring high temperature. In thermal nuclear fusion, the Coulomb barrier is overcome with the help of thermal energy, but in the low temperature nuclear fusion, the Coulomb barrier is neutralized by the introduction of the particles having larger mass than electrons and negative charges, at this time, if two nuclei can approach to the distance of 10 -13 cm in the neutral state, the occurrence of nuclear fusion reaction is expected. As the mass of the particles is heavier, the neutral region is smaller, and nuclear fusion is easy to occur. The particles to meet this purpose are the electrons within substances and muons. The research on muon nuclear fusion became suddenly active in the latter half of 1970s, the cause of which was the discovery of the fact that the formation of muons occurs resonantly rapidly in D-T and D-D systems. Muons are the unstable elementary particles having the life of 2.2 μs, and they can have positive and negative charges. In the muon catalyzed fusion, the muons with negative charge take part. The principle of the muon catalyzed fusion, its present status and future perspective, and the present status of low temperature nuclear fusion are reported. (K.I.)

  10. Parvoviral nuclear import: bypassing the host nuclear-transport machinery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cohen, Sarah; Behzad, Ali R; Carroll, Jeffrey B; Panté, Nelly

    2006-11-01

    The parvovirus Minute virus of mice (MVM) is a small DNA virus that replicates in the nucleus of its host cells. However, very little is known about the mechanisms underlying parvovirus' nuclear import. Recently, it was found that microinjection of MVM into the cytoplasm of Xenopus oocytes causes damage to the nuclear envelope (NE), suggesting that the nuclear-import mechanism of MVM involves disruption of the NE and import through the resulting breaks. Here, fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy were used to examine the effect of MVM on host-cell nuclear structure during infection of mouse fibroblast cells. It was found that MVM caused dramatic changes in nuclear shape and morphology, alterations of nuclear lamin immunostaining and breaks in the NE of infected cells. Thus, it seems that the unusual nuclear-import mechanism observed in Xenopus oocytes is in fact used by MVM during infection of host cells.

  11. Towards sustainable nuclear energy: Putting nuclear physics to work

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Koning, A.J.; Rochman, D.

    2008-01-01

    We have developed a new method to propagate the uncertainties of fundamental nuclear physics models and parameters to the design and performance parameters of future, clean nuclear energy systems. Using Monte Carlo simulation, it is for the first time possible to couple these two fields at the extremes of nuclear science without any loss of information in between. With the help of a large database of nuclear reaction measurements, we have determined the uncertainties of theoretical nuclear reaction models such as the optical, compound nucleus, pre-equilibrium and fission models. A similar assessment is done for the parameters that describe the resolved resonance range. Integrating this into one simulation program enables us to describe all open channels in a nuclear reaction, including a complete handling of uncertainties. Moreover, in one and the same process, values and uncertainties of nuclear reactor parameters are computed. This bypasses all the intermediate steps which have been used so far in nuclear data and reactor physics. Two important results emerge from this work: (a) we are able to quantify the required quality of theoretical nuclear reaction models directly from the reactor design requirements and (b) our method leads to a deviation from the commonly assumed normal distribution for uncertainties of safety related reactor parameters, and this should be taken into account for future nuclear energy development. In particular, calculated k eff distributions show a high-value tail for fast reactor spectra

  12. The development of nuclear power and nuclear manpower training in China

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yang Lin; Xu Xiyue

    2000-01-01

    There are two nuclear power plants (NPP) in operation in China. The Qinshan NPP was the first that was constructed by China's own efforts and went into operation on 1991. The Daya Bay NPP was constructed using foreign funds, technology and went into operation on 1994. Four nuclear power projects with 8 units were initiated during the State Ninth Five-years Plan. The 8 units are expected for commercial operation between 2002 and 2005. China is preparing for the Tenth Five-Year Plan, in which China will develop the nuclear power at a moderate pace. The 13 universities and colleges were offering nuclear science educations. The students from these universities and college can meet the needs of nuclear institutes and enterprises. China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC) owns the Graduated School of Nuclear Industry and the Nuclear Industry Administrative Cadre College, which will turn into the nuclear training center in future. Besides, CNNC also owns 4 institutions awarding Doctorate and 9 institutes awarding Master Degree. Many programs for education and training carried out by CNNC are presented, such as direct education supported by CNNC's finances, on job training, education for the second bachelor degree, training for senior economic professionals, research course for senior professionals, short time training course and training for license. China trained nuclear personnel by international cooperation with other countries both through multilateral and bilateral cooperation programs. CNNC has established scientific and economic ties with over 40 countries. CNNC has held diversified training for nuclear industry professionals with our own efforts and with the support from the State for many years. Today, the rapid development of nuclear industry needs more professionals. We must make greater efforts to enhance human resources development. Nuclear Safety is very important for nuclear energy development. Nuclear safety is closely related to each person who works in

  13. Nuclear disarmament or survival of nuclear arms?

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Stroot, J.P.

    1997-01-01

    START II has not yet been ratified by the US or Russian parliaments. Doubts may be raised over whether it will ever be. In the best case there will be more than 20,000 nuclear warheads in the arsenals of these two countries by the year 2003. All five nuclear states consider that nuclear weapons are an essential component of their national defense. It might sound childish but, the whole story is is so often childish: the five powers refuse to break their nuclear toys. They take even all possible measures to maintain and improve them and to ensure the survivability of their arsenals. To prepare for the next arms race..

  14. Siting of nuclear facilities. Selections from Nuclear Safety

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Buchanan, J.R.

    1976-07-01

    The report presented siting policy and practice for nuclear power plants as developed in the U.S. and abroad. Twenty-two articles from Nuclear Safety on this general topic are reprinted since they provide a valuable reference source. The appendices also include reprints of some relevant regulatory rules and guides on siting. Advantages and disadvantages of novel siting concepts such as underground containment, offshore siting, and nuclear energy parks are addressed. Other topics include site criteria, risk criteria, and nuclear ship criteria.

  15. Siting of nuclear facilities. Selections from Nuclear Safety

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Buchanan, J.R.

    1976-07-01

    The report presented siting policy and practice for nuclear power plants as developed in the U.S. and abroad. Twenty-two articles from Nuclear Safety on this general topic are reprinted since they provide a valuable reference source. The appendices also include reprints of some relevant regulatory rules and guides on siting. Advantages and disadvantages of novel siting concepts such as underground containment, offshore siting, and nuclear energy parks are addressed. Other topics include site criteria, risk criteria, and nuclear ship criteria

  16. Nuclear energy and nuclear technology

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Luescher, E.

    1982-01-01

    This book originated in the training courses for teachers of grammar- and secondary schools in Dillingen (Bavaria). The aim of these courses is to become informed about the latest state in one field of physics. The lectures are well-known experts in the respective fields. In the latest study (1980) of the National Academy of Sciences the experts came to the conclusion that without further development nuclear power plants the utilization of too much coal would become necessary and involve irreversible environmental damage (see chapter 6). There are two important obstacles impeding the further extension of nuclear energy. The first problem to be solved is the processing and storage of radioactive waste. This is a more technical task and can be treated in a satisfactory way. The second obstacle is less easy to take as the population has to be convinced that a nuclear power plant can be operated with almost unbelievable safety (see chapter 5) and be shut down safely in the case of incidents. The most promising possibility of controlled nuclear fusion as energy source is still many decades- if feasible at all- away from being performed (see chapter. 7). In the Soviet Union 25% of the electric energy production shall be proceed from nuclear power plants by the year 1990. (orig./GL) [de

  17. FRONTERAS DIFUSAS Y ACTORES SOCIALES MESTIZOS: DEBATES CONCEPTUALES Y DESARROLLOS ANALÍTICOS EN TORNO A LOS ESPACIOS DE FRONTERA Y SUS VINCULACIONES CON LOS INDIOS-BLANCOS EN LA REGIÓN DEL CHACO DURANTE LA SEGUNDA MITAD DEL SIGLO XIX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Julio César Spota

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available En la frontera establecida entre el Estado argentino y las distintas parcialidades aborígenes de la región del Chaco durante la segunda parte del siglo XIX, se configuraron identidades étnicas mestizas que escapaban a la simple esquematización de blancos e indios, civilizados y salvajes. La praxis histórica de los actores sociales como los indios-blancos (soldados desertores, criminales fugitivos de la ley, perseguidos y refugiados políticos y comerciantes que fueron incorporados dentro de los grupos indígenas proporciona un espacio privilegiado de reflexión antropológica poco explorado hasta el momento. En el presente artículo nos proponemos determinar las causas históricas que motivaron la migración de los criollos y recuperar la perspectiva de los actores sociales que protagonizaron los hechos estudiados.

  18. Nuclear information services at the National Nuclear Data Center

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Burrows, T.W.; Tuli, J.K.

    1997-01-01

    The National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC) at the Brookhaven National Laboratory has maintained and disseminated data from several numeric and bibliographic data bases for many years. These data bases now cover most of low- and medium-energy nuclear physics and are produced by the NNDC and other groups belonging to various international and national networks. The numeric and bibliographic nuclear data bases maintained by the National Nuclear Data Center and access to these data bases is described. The U.S. Nuclear Data and Reaction Data Networks is also briefly described. (author)

  19. Nuclear stress test

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Persantine stress test; Thallium stress test; Stress test - nuclear; Adenosine stress test; Regadenoson stress test; CAD - nuclear stress; Coronary artery disease - nuclear stress; Angina - nuclear ...

  20. Definition of Nuclear Material in Aspects of Nuclear Nonproliferation and Security

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jeon, Ji Hye; Lee, Chan Suh

    2014-01-01

    Nuclear safety accidents directly affect human health but nuclear security incidents indirectly influence human, which demonstrates the reason why security receives less attention. However, it is acknowledged that nuclear terrorism is indeed one of the most dreadful threat humanity faces. As part of strengthening nuclear security as well as nonproliferation to response to the threat, we need a better understanding of the nuclear material which needs to be safe under the objective of nuclear security. In reality, practitioners implement safeguards and physical protection in compliance with the regulation text in domestic legislation. Thus, it is important to specify nuclear material clearly in law for effective implementation. Therefore, the definition of terminology related to nuclear material is explored herein, within the highest-level legislation on the safeguards and physical protection. First the definition in Korean legislation is analyzed. Then, so as to suggest some improvements, other international efforts are examined and some case studies are conducted on other states which have similar level of nuclear technology and industry to Korea. Finally, a draft of definition on nuclear material in perspective of nuclear nonproliferation and security is suggested based on the analysis below. The recommendation showed the draft nuclear material definition in nuclear control. The text will facilitate the understanding of nuclear material in the context of nuclear nonproliferation and security. It might provide appropriate provision for future legislation related to nuclear nonproliferation and security. For effective safeguards and physical protection measures, nuclear material should be presented with in a consistent manner as shown in the case of United Kingdom. It will be much more helpful if further material engineering studies on each nuclear material are produced. Multi-dimensional approach is required for the studies on the degree of efforts to divert

  1. Definition of Nuclear Material in Aspects of Nuclear Nonproliferation and Security

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Jeon, Ji Hye; Lee, Chan Suh [Korea Institute of Nuclear Nonproliferation and Control, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)

    2014-10-15

    Nuclear safety accidents directly affect human health but nuclear security incidents indirectly influence human, which demonstrates the reason why security receives less attention. However, it is acknowledged that nuclear terrorism is indeed one of the most dreadful threat humanity faces. As part of strengthening nuclear security as well as nonproliferation to response to the threat, we need a better understanding of the nuclear material which needs to be safe under the objective of nuclear security. In reality, practitioners implement safeguards and physical protection in compliance with the regulation text in domestic legislation. Thus, it is important to specify nuclear material clearly in law for effective implementation. Therefore, the definition of terminology related to nuclear material is explored herein, within the highest-level legislation on the safeguards and physical protection. First the definition in Korean legislation is analyzed. Then, so as to suggest some improvements, other international efforts are examined and some case studies are conducted on other states which have similar level of nuclear technology and industry to Korea. Finally, a draft of definition on nuclear material in perspective of nuclear nonproliferation and security is suggested based on the analysis below. The recommendation showed the draft nuclear material definition in nuclear control. The text will facilitate the understanding of nuclear material in the context of nuclear nonproliferation and security. It might provide appropriate provision for future legislation related to nuclear nonproliferation and security. For effective safeguards and physical protection measures, nuclear material should be presented with in a consistent manner as shown in the case of United Kingdom. It will be much more helpful if further material engineering studies on each nuclear material are produced. Multi-dimensional approach is required for the studies on the degree of efforts to divert

  2. Russian Federal nuclear center facilities for nuclear spectroscopy investigations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ilkaev, R.I.; Punin, V.T.; Abramovich, S.N.

    2001-01-01

    Russian Federal Nuclear Center facilities for Spectroscopy investigation in the field of nuclear spectroscopy are described. Here are discussed basic properties of used radiation sources, facilities and technologies for target material production and manufacture of targets from rare, high-toxic or radioactive materials. Here are also reported basic features of complex detector systems and technologies for manufacture of scintillation detectors with special properties VNIIEF was founded as a weapons laboratory. The development of nuclear and thermonuclear bombs was followed by a wide complex of nuclear-physics investigations. Naturally, data on nuclear-physics properties of active and structure materials being part of nuclear weapons were of greatest interest.At the initial stage of work on the development of nuclear weapons the information on nuclear constants of materials including the most important neutron ones was rather scant. Data published in scientific literature had low exactness and were insecure. Results of measurements sometimes differed greatly by various groups of investigators. At the same time it was clear that, for example, a 1,5-times mistake in the fission cross-section could cause a several times mistake in the choice of uranium or plutonium mass, which is necessary for the bomb development. These circumstances determined importance of the nuclear-physics investigations. Demands on knowledge of process details occurring inside the nuclei conditioned by a problem of developing and improving of nuclear weapons and atomic power are rather limited. However, the further development of nuclear industry has proved a well-known point that this knowledge being accumulated forms a critical mass that leads to an explosive situation in the elaboration both of ideological and technological aspects of these problems. It is the tendency of inside development of nuclear science that has conditioned preparedness of knowledge about intranuclear processes for

  3. The World Nuclear University - A pillar of the nuclear renaissance

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nigon, Jean-Louis

    2006-01-01

    The World Nuclear University was founded with the support of four leading international nuclear institutions - two of them inter-governmental organisations (IAEA and OECD/NEA), the other two bodies serving the industry and its operators (WNA and WANO). Inaugurated in September 2003 on the 50. anniversary of President Eisenhower's Atoms for Peace speech, the WNU started working a year later upon the arrival of the first staff members. Today there is a tremendous disparity in the nuclear industry between the pace of the unfolding nuclear renaissance, which is gathering momentum by the day, and the slower pace at which we are educating a new generation of nuclear scientists and engineers. The WNU aims to be instrumental in creating a network of leading institutions of nuclear learning in order to help fill this gap. The emerging worldwide partnership aims to: - Enhance nuclear education amongst its members, - Establish globally accepted standards in academic and professional qualification, and - Elevate the prestige of the nuclear profession. Prior to the establishment of WNU, many leading educational institutions of nuclear learning had already launched cooperation on a regional basis, as follows (country or region/network): United States/NEDHO (Nuclear Engineering Department Head Organization); Canada/UNENE (University Network of Excellence in Nuclear Engineering in Canada); Asia/ANENT (Asian Network for Education in Nuclear Technology); Europe/ENEN (European Nuclear Education Network); Russia/WNU Russian Branch. Thus the WNU can be seen to a certain extent as a 'network of networks', although it should be stressed that many of the current WNU members did not belong to already existing networks. By creating a global network, the WNU avoids the duplication of efforts and limits the total number of staff required. The WNU does not lose sight of the fact, however, that local problems should be solved locally. Ten Working Groups share between them the activities of the

  4. Nuclear power generation and nuclear fuel

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Okajima, Yasujiro

    1985-01-01

    As of June 30, 1984, in 25 countries, 311 nuclear power plants of about 209 million kW were in operation. In Japan, 27 plants of about 19 million kW were in operation, and Japan ranks fourth in the world. The present state of nuclear power generation and nuclear fuel cycle is explained. The total uranium resources in the free world which can be mined at the cost below $130/kgU are about 3.67 million t, and it was estimated that the demand up to about 2015 would be able to be met. But it is considered also that the demand and supply of uranium in the world may become tight at the end of 1980s. The supply of uranium to Japan is ensured up to about 1995, and the yearly supply of 3000 st U 3 O 8 is expected in the latter half of 1990s. The refining, conversion and enrichment of uranium are described. In Japan, a pilot enrichment plant consisting of 7000 centrifuges has the capacity of about 50 t SWU/year. UO 2 fuel assemblies for LWRs, the working of Zircaloy, the fabrication of fuel assemblies, the quality assurance of nuclear fuel, the behavior of UO 2 fuel, the grading-up of LWRs and nuclear fuel, and the nuclear fuel business in Japan are reported. The reprocessing of spent fuel and plutonium fuel are described. (Kako, I.)

  5. Nuclear fission and nuclear safeguards: Common technologies and challenges

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Keepin, G.R.

    1989-01-01

    Nuclear fission and nuclear safeguards have much in common, including the basic physical phenomena and technologies involved as well as the commitments and challenges posed by expanding nuclear programs in many countries around the world. The unique characteristics of the fission process -- such as prompt and delayed neutron and gamma ray emission -- not only provide the means of sustaining and controlling the fission chain reaction, but also provide unique ''signatures'' that are essential to quantitative measurement and effective safeguarding of key nuclear materials (notably 239 Pu and 235 U) against theft, loss, or diversion. In this paper, we trace briefly the historical emergence of safeguards as an essential component of the expansion of the nuclear enterprise worldwide. We then survey the major categories of passive and active nondestructive assay techniques that are currently in use or under development for rapid, accurate measurement and verification of safe-guarded nuclear materials in the many forms in which they occur throughout the nuclear fuel cycle. 23 refs., 14 figs

  6. INTERNET and information about nuclear sciences. The world wide web virtual library: nuclear sciences

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kuruc, J.

    1999-01-01

    In this work author proposes to constitute new virtual library which should centralize the information from nuclear disciplines on the INTERNET, in order to them to give first and foremost the connection on the most important links in set nuclear sciences. The author has entitled this new virtual library The World Wide Web Library: Nuclear Sciences. By constitution of this virtual library next basic principles were chosen: home pages of international organizations important from point of view of nuclear disciplines; home pages of the National Nuclear Commissions and governments; home pages of nuclear scientific societies; web-pages specialized on nuclear problematic, in general; periodical tables of elements and isotopes; web-pages aimed on Chernobyl crash and consequences; web-pages with antinuclear aim. Now continue the links grouped on web-pages according to single nuclear areas: nuclear arsenals; nuclear astrophysics; nuclear aspects of biology (radiobiology); nuclear chemistry; nuclear company; nuclear data centres; nuclear energy; nuclear energy, environmental aspects of (radioecology); nuclear energy info centres; nuclear engineering; nuclear industries; nuclear magnetic resonance; nuclear material monitoring; nuclear medicine and radiology; nuclear physics; nuclear power (plants); nuclear reactors; nuclear risk; nuclear technologies and defence; nuclear testing; nuclear tourism; nuclear wastes; nuclear wastes. In these single groups web-links will be concentrated into following groups: virtual libraries and specialized servers; science; nuclear societies; nuclear departments of the academic institutes; nuclear research institutes and laboratories; centres, info links

  7. Nuclear Engineering Education in Support of Thailand’s Nuclear Power Programme

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chanyotha, S.; Pengvanich, P.; Nilsuwankosit, S.

    2015-01-01

    This paper aims to introduce the nuclear engineering education at the Department of Nuclear Engineering, Chulalongkon University, Bangkok Thailand. The department has been offering curriculum in nuclear engineering to support the national nuclear power programme since 1970s. It is the oldest established nuclear engineering educational programme in the South East Asia region. Nevertheless, since the nuclear power programme has been postponed several times due to various reasons, the educational programme at the department has been continuously adapted to meet the nation’s needs. Several areas of study have been introduced, including nuclear power engineering, industrial applications of radioisotope, nuclear instrumentation, radioisotope production, radiation processing, environment and safety, nuclear materials, as well as the newly created nuclear security and non-proliferation. With the renewed interest in using nuclear power in Thailand in 2007, the department has been actively assisting both the government and the electric utility in preparing human resources to support the nuclear power programme through various educational and training modules. Realizing the importance of establishing and balancing all 3 aspects of the nuclear 3S (safety, security and safeguard) in Thailand and in the Southeast Asian region. The new curriculum of nuclear security and safeguard programme has been offered since 2013. Since the establishment, the department has produced hundreds of graduates (Diploma, Master’s, and Ph.D. levels) to feed the continuously expanding Thai nuclear industry. The full paper will provide detailed information of the curriculum, the challenges and obstacles that the department has encountered, as well as the national and international linkages which have been established over the years. (author)

  8. Applications of nuclear physics

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hayes, A. C.

    2017-02-01

    Today the applications of nuclear physics span a very broad range of topics and fields. This review discusses a number of aspects of these applications, including selected topics and concepts in nuclear reactor physics, nuclear fusion, nuclear non-proliferation, nuclear-geophysics, and nuclear medicine. The review begins with a historic summary of the early years in applied nuclear physics, with an emphasis on the huge developments that took place around the time of World War II, and that underlie the physics involved in designs of nuclear explosions, controlled nuclear energy, and nuclear fusion. The review then moves to focus on modern applications of these concepts, including the basic concepts and diagnostics developed for the forensics of nuclear explosions, the nuclear diagnostics at the National Ignition Facility, nuclear reactor safeguards, and the detection of nuclear material production and trafficking. The review also summarizes recent developments in nuclear geophysics and nuclear medicine. The nuclear geophysics areas discussed include geo-chronology, nuclear logging for industry, the Oklo reactor, and geo-neutrinos. The section on nuclear medicine summarizes the critical advances in nuclear imaging, including PET and SPECT imaging, targeted radionuclide therapy, and the nuclear physics of medical isotope production. Each subfield discussed requires a review article unto itself, which is not the intention of the current review; rather, the current review is intended for readers who wish to get a broad understanding of applied nuclear physics.

  9. Applications of nuclear physics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hayes-Sterbenz, Anna Catherine

    2017-01-01

    Today the applications of nuclear physics span a very broad range of topics and fields. This review discusses a number of aspects of these applications, including selected topics and concepts in nuclear reactor physics, nuclear fusion, nuclear non-proliferation, nuclear-geophysics, and nuclear medicine. The review begins with a historic summary of the early years in applied nuclear physics, with an emphasis on the huge developments that took place around the time of World War II, and that underlie the physics involved in designs of nuclear explosions, controlled nuclear energy, and nuclear fusion. The review then moves to focus on modern applications of these concepts, including the basic concepts and diagnostics developed for the forensics of nuclear explosions, the nuclear diagnostics at the National Ignition Facility, nuclear reactor safeguards, and the detection of nuclear material production and trafficking. The review also summarizes recent developments in nuclear geophysics and nuclear medicine. The nuclear geophysics areas discussed include geo-chronology, nuclear logging for industry, the Oklo reactor, and geo-neutrinos. The section on nuclear medicine summarizes the critical advances in nuclear imaging, including PET and SPECT imaging, targeted radionuclide therapy, and the nuclear physics of medical isotope production. Lastly, each subfield discussed requires a review article unto itself, which is not the intention of the current review; rather, the current review is intended for readers who wish to get a broad understanding of applied nuclear physics.

  10. Nuclear security culture in comparison with nuclear safety culture. Resemblances and differences

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kawata, Norio

    2015-01-01

    Since the terrorist attacks on the U.S. on September 11th, 2001, Nuclear Security has been focused on and treated as a global issue in the international community and it has also been discussed as a real and serious threat to nuclear power plants in the world since 'The Great East Japan Earthquake' in March, 2011. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) issued a document including Nuclear Security Recommendations (INFCIRC/225/Rev.5) (NSS 13) in the Nuclear Security Series and emphasized the necessity of fostering Nuclear Security Culture. Nuclear Security Culture has been frequently discussed at various kinds of seminars and events. Since the officials in charge of Nuclear Security are familiar with the area of Nuclear Safety, the relationships between Nuclear Safety Culture and Nuclear Security Culture have been the point in controversy. This paper clarifies relevance between Nuclear Safety and Security, considers resemblances and differences of their concepts and lessons learned for each culture from nuclear power plant accidents, and promotes deeper understanding of Nuclear Safety and Nuclear Security Culture. (author)

  11. Regulatory oversight report 2008 concerning nuclear safety in Swiss nuclear installations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2009-04-01

    This annual report issued by the Swiss Federal Nuclear Inspectorate (ENSI) reports on the work carried out by the Inspectorate in 2008. This report reviews the regulatory activities in the four Swiss nuclear power stations and in four further nuclear installations in various Swiss research facilities. It deals with topics such as operational details, technologies in use, radiation protection, radioactive wastes, emergency dispositions, personnel and provides an assessment of operations from the safety point of view. Also, the transportation of nuclear materials - both nuclear fuels and nuclear wastes - is reported on. General topics discussed include probabilistic safety analyses and accident management, earthquake damage analysis and agreements on nuclear safety. The underground disposal of highly-radioactive nuclear wastes and work done in the rock laboratories are discussed, as are proposals for additional nuclear power stations

  12. Nuclear waste problem: does new Europe need new nuclear energy?

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Alekseev, P.; Dudnikov, A.; Subbotin, S.

    2003-01-01

    Nuclear Energy for New Europe - what does it mean? New Europe - it means in first order joined Europe. And it is quite clear that also efforts in nuclear energy must be joined. What can be proposed as a target of joint efforts. Improvement of existing plants, technologies, materials? - Certainly, but it is performed already by designers and industry themselves. There exists a problem, which each state using nuclear energy faces alone. It is nuclear waste problem. Nowadays nuclear waste problem is not completely solved in any country. It seems reasonable for joining Europe to join efforts in solving this problem. A satisfactory solution would reduce a risk connected with nuclear waste. In addition to final disposal problem solution it is necessary to reduce total amount of nuclear waste, that means: reducing the rates of accumulation of long-lived dangerous radionuclides; reducing the existing amounts of these radionuclides by transmutation. These conditions can be satisfied in reasonable time by burning of minor actinides and, if possible, by transmutation of long-lived fission products. However we can use this strategy effectively if we will design and construct nuclear energy as a system of which components are united by nuclear fuel cycle as a system-forming factor. The existing structures and approaches may become insufficient for new Europe. Therefore among the initial steps in considering nuclear waste problem must be considering possible promising fuel cycles for European nuclear energy. So, does new Europe need new nuclear energy? It seems, yes. (author)

  13. Nuclear Symbiosis - A Means to Achieve Sustainable Nuclear Growth While Limiting the Spread of Sensitive Nuclear Technology

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shropshire, David

    2009-01-01

    Global growth of nuclear energy in the 21. century is creating new challenges to limit the spread of nuclear technology without hindering adoption in countries now considering nuclear power. Independent nuclear states desire autonomy over energy choices and seek energy independence. However, this independence comes with high costs for development of new indigenous fuel cycle capabilities. Nuclear supplier states and expert groups have proposed fuel supply assurance mechanisms such as fuel take-back services, international enrichment services and fuel banks in exchange for recipient state concessions on the development of sensitive technologies. Recipient states are slow to accept any concessions to their rights under the Non Proliferation Treaty. To date, decisions to not develop indigenous fuel enrichment capabilities have been driven by economics. However, additional incentives may be required in the future to offset the user state's perceived loss of energy independence. In order for a country to forgo development of sensitive nuclear capabilities, the basis for an equitable economic tradeoff must be established. This paper proposes that the nuclear trade-off can be made through a combination of fuel supply assurances, leveraging work by the United Nations and International Atomic Energy Agency on sustainable nuclear development, and use of 'nuclear symbiosis'. The primary focus of this paper is on how nuclear symbiosis could be used to achieve a user-state's desired economic, energy, and infrastructure development end states. The desired result from this 'symbiosis' is a nuclear-centered industrial complex that creates new economic opportunities through infrastructure improvements, human resource skills development and the development of new sustainable industries. This paper also describes the Nuclear Materials Exchange (NME) as a practical tool for performing nuclear symbiosis. The NME can be used to define existing and new international nuclear resources and

  14. Radionuclides for nuclear medicine: a nuclear physicists' view

    Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

    Cantone, M.; Haddad, F.; Harissopoulos, S.; Jensen, M.; Jokinen, A.; Koster, U.; Lebeda, Ondřej; Ponsard, B.; Ratzinger, U.; Stora, T.; Tarkanyi, F.; Van Duppen, P.

    2013-01-01

    Roč. 40, 2 Supplement (2013), S257-S257 ISSN 1619-7070. [Annual Congress of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM). 19.10.2013-23.10.2013, Lyon] Institutional support: RVO:61389005 Keywords : nuclear physics for medicine * EANM * medical radionuclides Subject RIV: BG - Nuclear, Atomic and Molecular Physics, Colliders

  15. NuclearFACTS: public engagement about the impacts of nuclear research

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Dalzell, M.T.J.; Alexander, R.N.; Main, M.G., E-mail: matthew.dalzell@fedorukcentre.ca [Sylvia Fedoruk Canadian Centre for Nuclear Innovation, Saskatoon, SK, (Canada)

    2015-07-01

    The Forum for Accountability and Communities Talking nuclear Science - nuclearFACTS - is a cornerstone of the Sylvia Fedoruk Canadian Centre for Nuclear Innovation's efforts to engage the people of Saskatchewan in evidence-based conversations about the impacts of the nuclear research, development and training activities supported by the Fedoruk Centre. The second annual nuclearFACTS public colloquium was held 20 November 2014, and featured the participation of 16 research projects. This paper discusses the continued development of the nuclearFACTS concept and its role in the Fedoruk Centre's upstream engagement efforts. (author)

  16. Nuclear violence

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mullen, R.K.

    1987-01-01

    A great deal of attention has been paid in the past decade or so to the characteristics of terrorists and their apparent goals and objectives, capabilities, and evolving strategy and tactics with respect to nuclear terrorism. In contrast, little has been said about the procedural aspects of nuclear terrorism, and even less about the way in which such endeavors can fail. This latter omission is important because it bears directly on the ability to evaluate credibly the potential for nuclear terrorism. Here, the author addresses the requirements inherent in acquiring a nuclear explosive capability by three routes: separation of plutonium from irradiated light or heavy water reactor (LWR or HWR) fuel, processing, or use of separated fissile material, and theft of a nuclear weapon. In addition, he deals with other potential acts of nuclear terrorism: sabotage of power reactors, uranium enrichment facilities and spent nuclear fuel in transport, and dispersal of radioactive materials, in particular, plutonium. He specifically does not look at the design or production of a nuclear weapon. Finally, the discussion here assumes that the terrorist is subnational; that is, a nation is not involved. Also, the discussion of subnational participation does not address the possibility of collusion with insiders

  17. Nuclear energy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rippon, S.

    1984-01-01

    Do we need nuclear energy. Is it safe. What are the risks. Will it lead to proliferation. The questions are endless, the answers often confused. In the vigorous debates that surround the siting and operation of nuclear power plants, it is all too easy to lose sight of the central issues amid the mass of arguments and counter-arguments put forward. And there remains the doubt, who do we believe. This book presents the facts, simply, straightforwardly, and comprehensibly. It describes the different types of nuclear reactor, how they work, how energy is produced and transformed into usable power, how nuclear waste is handled, what safeguards are built in to prevent accident, contamination and misuse. More important, it does this in the context of the real world, examining the benefits as well as the dangers of a nuclear power programme, quantifying the risks, and providing an authoritative account of the nuclear industry worldwide. Technically complex and politically controversial, the contribution of nuclear energy to our future energy requirements is a crucial topic of our time. (author)

  18. Nuclear Liability and Insurance for Nuclear Damage in Sweden

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Thofelt, H.

    1998-01-01

    This paper contains some facts about the Swedish nuclear energy production system and about the nuclear operators liability with the important issues. The nuclear insurance of Sweden is also explained in short terms. (author)

  19. Nuclear materials

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1996-01-01

    In 1998, Nuclear Regulatory Authority of the Slovak Republic (NRA SR) performed 38 inspections, 25 of them were performed in co-operation with IAEA inspectors. There is no fresh nuclear fuel at Bohunice A-1 NPP at present. Fresh fuel of Bohunice V-1 and V-2 NPPs is inspected in the fresh fuel storage.There are 327 fresh fuel assemblies in Mochovce NPP fresh fuel storage. In addition to that, are also 71 small users of nuclear materials in Slovakia. In most cases they use: covers made of depleted uranium for non-destructive works, detection of level in production plants, covers for therapeutical sources at medical facilities. In. 1995, NRA SR issued 4 new licences for nuclear material withdrawal. In the next part manipulation with nuclear materials, spent fuel stores and illegal trafficking in nuclear materials are reported

  20. Nuclear power

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Porter, Arthur.

    1980-01-01

    This chapter of the final report of the Royal Commission on Electric Power Planning in Ontario updates its interim report on nuclear power in Ontario (1978) in the light of the Three Mile Island accident and presents the commission's general conclusions and recommendations relating to nuclear power. The risks of nuclear power, reactor safety with special reference to Three Mile Island and incidents at the Bruce generating station, the environmental effects of uranium mining and milling, waste management, nuclear power economics, uranium supplies, socio-political issues, and the regulation of nuclear power are discussed. Specific recommendations are made concerning the organization and public control of Ontario Hydro, but the commission concluded that nuclear power is acceptable in Ontario as long as satisfactory progress is made in the disposal of uranium mill tailings and spent fuel wastes. (LL)

  1. Detection of nuclear radiations; Deteccion de Radiaciones nucleares

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Tanarro Sanz, A

    1967-07-01

    A summary of the lectures about the ordinary detectors of nuclear radiations explained by the author in the courses of Nuclear Engineering held at the J.E.N. up to the date of publication is given. Those lectures are considered to be a necessary introduction to Nuclear Instrumentation and Applied Electronics to Nuclear Engineering so it has been intended to underline those characteristics of radiation detectors that must be taken in consideration in choosing or designing the electronic equipment associated to them in order to take advantage of each detector possibilities. (Author)

  2. Detection of nuclear radiations; Detectores de radiaciones nucleares

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Tanarro Sanz, A

    1959-07-01

    A summary of the lectures about the ordinary detectors of nuclear radiations given by the author in the Courses of Introduction to Nuclear Engineering held at the JEN up to the date of publication is given. Those lectures are considered to be a necessary introduction to Nuclear Instrumentation and Applied electronics to Nuclear Engineering so it has been intent to underline those characteristics of radiation detectors that must be taken in consideration in choosing or designing the electronic equipment associated to them in order to take advantage of each detector possibilities. (Author) 8 refs.

  3. Nuclear battery materials and application of nuclear batteries

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hao Shaochang; Lu Zhenming; Fu Xiaoming; Liang Tongxiang

    2006-01-01

    Nuclear battery has lots of advantages such as small volume, longevity, environal stability and so on, therefore, it was widely used in aerospace, deep-sea, polar region, heart pacemaker, micro-electromotor and other fields etc. The application of nuclear battery and the development of its materials promote each other. In this paper the development and the latest research progress of nuclear battery materials has been introduced from the view of radioisotope, electric energy conversion and encapsulation. And the current and potential applications of the nuclear battery are also summarized. (authors)

  4. Current status and improvement of the nuclear physics experiment course for speciality of nuclear physics and nuclear technology

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Qu Guopu; Guo Lanying

    1999-01-01

    The author reviews the current status of the nuclear physics experiment course for speciality of nuclear physics and nuclear technology in higher education and expresses author's views on the future improvement of the nuclear physics experiment course

  5. Theoretical studies in nuclear reactions and nuclear structure. Progress report

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    1992-05-01

    Research in the Maryland Nuclear Theory Group focusses on problems in four basic areas of current relevance. Hadrons in nuclear matter; the structure of hadrons; relativistic nuclear physics and heavy ion dynamics and related processes. The section on hadrons in nuclear matter groups together research items which are aimed at exploring ways in which the properties of nucleons and the mesons which play a role in the nuclear force are modified in the nuclear medium. A very interesting result has been the finding that QCD sum rules supply a new insight into the decrease of the nucleon`s mass in the nuclear medium. The quark condensate, which characterizes spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking of the late QCD vacuum, decreases in nuclear matter and this is responsible for the decrease of the nucleon`s mass. The section on the structure of hadrons contains progress reports on our research aimed at understanding the structure of the nucleon. Widely different approaches are being studied, e.g., lattice gauge calculations, QCD sum rules, quark-meson models with confinement and other hedgehog models. A major goal of this type of research is to develop appropriate links between nuclear physics and QCD. The section on relativistic nuclear physics represents our continuing interest in developing an appropriate relativistic framework for nuclear dynamics. A Lorentz-invariant description of the nuclear force suggests a similar decrease of the nucleon`s mass in the nuclear medium as has been found from QCD sum rules. Work in progress extends previous successes in elastic scattering to inelastic scattering of protons by nuclei. The section on heavy ion dynamics and related processes reports on research into the e{sup +}e{sup {minus}} problem and heavy ion dynamics.

  6. Recommended numerical nuclear physics data for cutting-edge nuclear technology applications

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ganesan, S.; Srivenkatesan, R.; Anek Kumar; Murthy, C.S.R.C.; Dhekne, P.S.

    2005-01-01

    This paper introduces some aspects of online nuclear data services at Mumbai as part of today's technology of sharing knowledge of the recommended numerical nuclear physics data for nuclear applications. The physics foundation for cutting-edge technology applications is significantly strengthened by such knowledge generation and sharing techniques. A BARC server is presently mirroring the nuclear data services of the IAEA, Vienna. The users can get all the nuclear data information much faster from the BARC nuclear data mirror website that is now fully operational. The nuclear community is encouraged to develop the habit of accessing the website for recommended values of nuclear data for use in research and applications. The URL is: www-nds.indcentre.org.in (author)

  7. Plight of China nuclear liability law and solutions of nuclear operating companies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Su Guangchao; Wang Yonggang; Tang Yangyang

    2010-01-01

    With the development of nuclear use for peaceful purposes and the intensification of international cooperation in the field of nuclear energy, many countries attach more and more importance to legal risks of nuclear liability, and the companies in nuclear industry also enhance research on restrictive articles of nuclear liability in their international businesses. However, because China has neither signed any international convention on civil liability for nuclear damage nor adopted any law on atomic energy and on compensation for nuclear damage, many impediments often occur in international cooperation and trade. This essay is trying to outline the status and structure of international nuclear liability, analyze nuclear liabilities in international procurement for nuclear operating companies and respective solutions. (authors)

  8. Nuclear power development

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nealey, S.

    1990-01-01

    The objective of this study is to examine factors and prospects for a resumption in growth of nuclear power in the United States over the next decade. The focus of analysis on the likelihood that current efforts in the United States to develop improved and safer nuclear power reactors will provide a sound technical basis for improved acceptance of nuclear power, and contribute to a social/political climate more conducive to a resumption of nuclear power growth. The acceptability of nuclear power and advanced reactors to five social/political sectors in the U.S. is examined. Three sectors highly relevant to the prospects for a restart of nuclear power plant construction are the financial sector involved in financing nuclear power plant construction, the federal nuclear regulatory sector, and the national political sector. For this analysis, the general public are divided into two groups: those who are knowledgeable about and involved in nuclear power issues, the involved public, and the much larger body of the general public that is relatively uninvolved in the controversy over nuclear power

  9. Nuclear structure

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Eastham, D.A.; Joy, T.

    1986-01-01

    The paper on 'nuclear structure' is the Appendix to the Daresbury (United Kingdom) Annual Report 1985/86, and contains the research work carried out at the Nuclear Structure Facility, Daresbury, within that period. During the year a total of 74 experiments were scheduled covering the main areas of activity including: nuclear collective motion, nuclei far from stability, and nuclear collisions. The Appendix contains brief reports on these experiments and associated theory. (U.K.)

  10. Business of Nuclear Safety Analysis Office, Nuclear Technology Test Center

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hayakawa, Masahiko

    1981-01-01

    The Nuclear Technology Test Center established the Nuclear Safety Analysis Office to execute newly the works concerning nuclear safety analysis in addition to the works related to the proving tests of nuclear machinery and equipments. The regulations for the Nuclear Safety Analysis Office concerning its organization, business and others were specially decided, and it started the business formally in August, 1980. It is a most important subject to secure the safety of nuclear facilities in nuclear fuel cycle as the premise of developing atomic energy. In Japan, the strict regulation of safety is executed by the government at each stage of the installation, construction, operation and maintenance of nuclear facilities, based on the responsibility for the security of installers themselves. The Nuclear Safety Analysis Office was established as the special organ to help the safety examination related to the installation of nuclear power stations and others by the government. It improves and puts in order the safety analysis codes required for the cross checking in the safety examination, and carries out safety analysis calculation. It is operated by the cooperation of the Science and Technology Agency and the Agency of Natural Resources and Energy. The purpose of establishment, the operation and the business of the Nuclear Safety Analysis Office, the plan of improving and putting in order of analysis codes, and the state of the similar organs in foreign countries are described. (Kako, I.)

  11. Nuclear alerts

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Anon.

    1983-01-01

    Anti-nuclear demonstrations against the deployment of new US missiles were held in Nato Europe. As no agreement has yet been reached at the US-Soviet Intermediate Nuclear Forces talks in Geneva, the deployment of nuclear missiles in Europe has started

  12. Nuclear electronics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Friese, T.

    1981-09-01

    A short survey is given on nuclear radiation detectors and nuclear electronics. It is written for newcomers and those, who are not very familiar with this technique. Some additional information is given on typical failures in nuclear measurement systems. (orig.) [de

  13. 76 FR 40945 - Entergy Nuclear Indian Point 2, LLC, Entergy Nuclear Indian Point 3, LLC, Entergy Nuclear...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-07-12

    ... NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION [NRC-2011-0150; Docket Nos. 50-003, 50-247, and 50-286; License Nos. DPR-5, DPR-26, and DPR-64] Entergy Nuclear Indian Point 2, LLC, Entergy Nuclear Indian Point 3, LLC, Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc.; Receipt of Request for Action Notice is hereby given that by petition...

  14. The nuclear dilemma

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mason, Colin.

    1983-01-01

    This paper discusses nuclear war, disarmament and national defence policies. The author argues that in spite of the obvious advantages of nuclear power in many parts of the world, the world cannot afford the risk of continuing with it because of the demonstrated close and deadly association of nuclear power and nuclear reactors with nuclear weapons

  15. Nuclear Reactor Physics

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stacey, Weston M.

    2001-02-01

    An authoritative textbook and up-to-date professional's guide to basic and advanced principles and practices Nuclear reactors now account for a significant portion of the electrical power generated worldwide. At the same time, the past few decades have seen an ever-increasing number of industrial, medical, military, and research applications for nuclear reactors. Nuclear reactor physics is the core discipline of nuclear engineering, and as the first comprehensive textbook and reference on basic and advanced nuclear reactor physics to appear in a quarter century, this book fills a large gap in the professional literature. Nuclear Reactor Physics is a textbook for students new to the subject, for others who need a basic understanding of how nuclear reactors work, as well as for those who are, or wish to become, specialists in nuclear reactor physics and reactor physics computations. It is also a valuable resource for engineers responsible for the operation of nuclear reactors. Dr. Weston Stacey begins with clear presentations of the basic physical principles, nuclear data, and computational methodology needed to understand both the static and dynamic behaviors of nuclear reactors. This is followed by in-depth discussions of advanced concepts, including extensive treatment of neutron transport computational methods. As an aid to comprehension and quick mastery of computational skills, he provides numerous examples illustrating step-by-step procedures for performing the calculations described and chapter-end problems. Nuclear Reactor Physics is a useful textbook and working reference. It is an excellent self-teaching guide for research scientists, engineers, and technicians involved in industrial, research, and military applications of nuclear reactors, as well as government regulators who wish to increase their understanding of nuclear reactors.

  16. Base isolation for nuclear power and nuclear material facilities

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Eidinger, J.M.; Kircher, C.A.; Vaidya, N.; Constantinou, M.; Kelly, J.M.; Seidensticker, R.; Tajirian, F.F.; Ovadia, D.

    1989-01-01

    This report serves to document the status of the practice for the use of base isolation systems in the design and construction of nuclear power and nuclear material facilities. The report first describes past and current (1989) applications of base isolation in nuclear facilities. The report then provides a brief discussion of non-nuclear applications. Finally, the report summarizes the status of known base-isolation codes and standards

  17. Thirty years nuclear energy. 240,000 years of nuclear waste. Why Greenpeace campaigns against nuclear energy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Teule, R.

    2004-01-01

    A brief overview is given of the arguments that Greenpeace has against nuclear energy, and why this environmental organization campaigns against the processing of nuclear waste and transportation of Dutch nuclear waste to France [nl

  18. Nuclear power and the nuclear fuel cycle

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1988-06-01

    The percentage of electricity generated by nuclear energy in each of the 26 countries that operated nuclear power plants in 1987 is given. The current policy and programs of some of these countries is described. News concerning uranium mining, enrichment, reprocessing and waste management is also included. Data in the form of a generalized status summary for all power reactors (> 30 MWEN) prepared from the nuclear power reactor data files of ANSTO is shown

  19. Nuclear power economic database

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ding Xiaoming; Li Lin; Zhao Shiping

    1996-01-01

    Nuclear power economic database (NPEDB), based on ORACLE V6.0, consists of three parts, i.e., economic data base of nuclear power station, economic data base of nuclear fuel cycle and economic database of nuclear power planning and nuclear environment. Economic database of nuclear power station includes data of general economics, technique, capital cost and benefit, etc. Economic database of nuclear fuel cycle includes data of technique and nuclear fuel price. Economic database of nuclear power planning and nuclear environment includes data of energy history, forecast, energy balance, electric power and energy facilities

  20. Does nuclear power lead to nuclear weapons

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Prawitz, J.

    1977-01-01

    It is pointed out that 'reactor grade' plutonium usually contains about 30 % Pu240 and is unsuitable for weapons. While it is possible to obtain an explosion, it is more difficult to initiate one and its effect, which will be considerably less than with bomb grade plutonium, is difficult to predict. The critical mass will be larger and more cooling required. The proliferation problem is then discussed and the four aspects, vertical, horizontal, sub-national and revolutionary, mentioned. In connection with nuclear power it is the second and third aspects which are of interest. In discussing the possibility of terrorist groups obtaining plutonium, a study by the Swedish Defence Research Institute is quoted as estimating that 10-20 qualified specialists and several years secret preparation would be necessary to make a nuclear weapon. Other authors, e.g. Ted Taylor, have maintained that it would be much easier, but examples of 'student designs' are primitive and unlikely to detonate. Even so, it is emphasised that safeguards and physical security are necessary. Horizontal proliferation is a more real problem and the NPT and IAEA safeguards are discussed in this connection. In conclusion the question of whether the proliferation of nuclear weapons via nuclear power can be prevented cannot be answered with a clear yes or no. Certain states may use nuclear weapon potential as a bargaining factor. However the decision to acquire nuclear weapons is political and while a nuclear power industry would be of help, it would not be decisively so. (JIW)

  1. The nuclear nineties

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Campbell, D.

    1990-01-01

    Although United States Customs recently prevented 40 krytrons, fast triggers to start a nuclear fission detonation, from being exported, other countries have been able to acquire similar items without questions being asked. Nuclear power plants have been exported to Pakistan and it is expected that this will enable Pakistan to become the world's ninth nuclear weapons state. Not all current or potential nuclear weapons states have signed and ratified the Non-Proliferation Treaty. Some nuclear plant have been built in developing countries without proper International Atomic Energy Authority Control. It would seem that there is a general indifference to nuclear proliferation by some of the western nuclear countries. (UK)

  2. Nuclear questions

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Durrani, M. [Physics World (United Kingdom)

    2006-01-01

    The future of nuclear power has returned to centre stage. Freezing weather on both sides of the Atlantic and last month's climate-change talks in Montreal have helped to put energy and the future of nuclear power right back on the political agenda. The issue is particularly pressing for those countries where existing nuclear stations are reaching the end of their lives. In the UK, prime minister Tony Blair has commissioned a review of energy, with a view to deciding later this year whether to build new nuclear power plants. The review comes just four years after the Labour government published a White Paper on energy that said the country should keep the nuclear option open but did not follow this up with any concrete action. In Germany, new chancellor and former physicist Angela Merkel is a fan of nuclear energy and had said she would extend the lifetime of its nuclear plants beyond 2020, when they are due to close. However, that commitment has had to be abandoned, at least for the time being, following negotiations with her left-wing coalition partners. The arguments in favour of nuclear power will be familiar to all physicists - it emits almost no carbon dioxide and can play a vital role in maintaining a diverse energy supply. To over-rely on imported supplies of oil and gas can leave a nation hostage to fortune. The arguments against are equally easy to list - the public is scared of nuclear power, it generates dangerous waste with potentially huge clean-up costs, and it is not necessarily cheap. Nuclear plants could also be a target for terrorist attacks. Given political will, many of these problems can be resolved, or at least tackled. China certainly sees the benefits of nuclear power, as does Finland, which is building a new 1600 MW station - the world's most powerful - that is set to open in 2009. Physicists, of course, are essential to such developments. They play a vital role in ensuring the safety of such plants and developing new types of

  3. Nuclear information services at the National Nuclear Data Center

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Burrows, T.W.; Tuli, J.K.

    1996-01-01

    The numeric and bibliographic nuclear data bases maintained by the National Nuclear Data Center and access to these data bases will be described. The U.S. Nuclear Data and Reaction Data Networks will also be briefly described

  4. Charge symmetry breaking nuclear forces and the properties of nuclear matter

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Haensel, P.

    1977-01-01

    The charge symmetry breaking (CSB) component of the nuclear forces yields the charge asymmetric term Esub(a)(N-Z)/A in the nuclear binding energy of nuclear matter. Calculation performed with several models of the CSB nuclear forces, and accounting for the strong short-range two-body correlations, gives Esub(a) approximately -0.2 MeV at the normal nuclear density. The charge asymmetry of the effective nucleon-nucleon interaction is determined primarily by the CSB nuclear forces at the neutron excess, observed in finite nuclei. The exclusion principle and dispersion (self-consistency) effects of the nuclear medium decrease this charge asymmetry. (author)

  5. Nuclear disarmament verification

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    DeVolpi, A.

    1993-01-01

    Arms control treaties, unilateral actions, and cooperative activities -- reflecting the defusing of East-West tensions -- are causing nuclear weapons to be disarmed and dismantled worldwide. In order to provide for future reductions and to build confidence in the permanency of this disarmament, verification procedures and technologies would play an important role. This paper outlines arms-control objectives, treaty organization, and actions that could be undertaken. For the purposes of this Workshop on Verification, nuclear disarmament has been divided into five topical subareas: Converting nuclear-weapons production complexes, Eliminating and monitoring nuclear-weapons delivery systems, Disabling and destroying nuclear warheads, Demilitarizing or non-military utilization of special nuclear materials, and Inhibiting nuclear arms in non-nuclear-weapons states. This paper concludes with an overview of potential methods for verification

  6. International conference on nuclear physics. Nuclear shells - 50 years. Summaries of reports

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Khazov, Yu.A.

    1999-01-01

    Abstracts of reports made at the 49 meeting on nuclear spectroscopy and nuclear structure are presented. This meeting took place in April 21-24, 1999, at Dubna, Russia. The International Conference Nuclear Shells - 50 years took place in the framework of the 49 meeting. Results of experimental investigations of nuclear properties and nuclear reaction mechanisms are given. Problems of the theoretical description of nuclear structures and nuclear reactions are discussed. The particular attention is given to nuclear spectroscopy technique and its using for applied researches

  7. On China's Nuclear Doctrine

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Xia Liping

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Nuclear weapons have played an important role in China's national strategy. China’s nuclear doctrine has a very strong continuity. Nevertheless, China has made readjustments in its nuclear doctrine according to the changes of its internal and external situation and its general strategic threat perception. China’s nuclear doctrine has experienced a process of evolution from anti-nuclear blackmail to minimum deterrence. There are five major parts in China's nuclear doctrine: policy of declaration, nuclear development, nuclear deployment, nuclear employment, and nuclear disarmament. Because China is faced with a different situation from other nuclear powers and has its own strategic culture, China has a nuclear doctrine with its own characteristics. China’s nuclear doctrine has been affiliated with and has served the national development strategy, national security strategy, national defense policy and military strategy of China.

  8. Nuclear proliferation and terrorism

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Anon.

    1977-01-01

    This section of the book, Part III, has two chapters (9 and 10). Chapter 9, Nuclear Power and Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, is disucssed under these subjects: nuclear nonproliferation: origins and status; requirements for nuclear weapons manufacture; current nuclear programs and proliferation capabilities; encouraging decisions to forego weapons; arms control; safeguards; attitudes and expectations. Chapter 10, Nuclear Terrorism, discusses these areas: theft of nuclear materials; attacks on nuclear reactors; responding to nuclear terrorism; security and civil liberties

  9. The World Nuclear University - A pillar of the nuclear renaissance

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Nigon, Jean-Louis [World Nuclear University Working Groups, Carlton House, 22a St. James' s Square, London SW1Y 4JH (United Kingdom)

    2006-07-01

    The World Nuclear University was founded with the support of four leading international nuclear institutions - two of them inter-governmental organisations (IAEA and OECD/NEA), the other two bodies serving the industry and its operators (WNA and WANO). Inaugurated in September 2003 on the 50. anniversary of President Eisenhower's Atoms for Peace speech, the WNU started working a year later upon the arrival of the first staff members. Today there is a tremendous disparity in the nuclear industry between the pace of the unfolding nuclear renaissance, which is gathering momentum by the day, and the slower pace at which we are educating a new generation of nuclear scientists and engineers. The WNU aims to be instrumental in creating a network of leading institutions of nuclear learning in order to help fill this gap. The emerging worldwide partnership aims to: - Enhance nuclear education amongst its members, - Establish globally accepted standards in academic and professional qualification, and - Elevate the prestige of the nuclear profession. Prior to the establishment of WNU, many leading educational institutions of nuclear learning had already launched cooperation on a regional basis, as follows (country or region/network): United States/NEDHO (Nuclear Engineering Department Head Organization); Canada/UNENE (University Network of Excellence in Nuclear Engineering in Canada); Asia/ANENT (Asian Network for Education in Nuclear Technology); Europe/ENEN (European Nuclear Education Network); Russia/WNU Russian Branch. Thus the WNU can be seen to a certain extent as a 'network of networks', although it should be stressed that many of the current WNU members did not belong to already existing networks. By creating a global network, the WNU avoids the duplication of efforts and limits the total number of staff required. The WNU does not lose sight of the fact, however, that local problems should be solved locally. Ten Working Groups share between them the

  10. State fund of decommissioning of nuclear installations and handling of spent nuclear fuels and nuclear wastes (Slovak Republic)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kozma, Milos

    2006-01-01

    State Fund for Decommissioning of Nuclear Installations and Handling of Spent Nuclear Fuels and Nuclear Wastes was established by the Act 254/1994 of the National Council of the Slovak Republic as a special-purpose fund which concentrates financial resources intended for decommissioning of nuclear installations and for handling of spent nuclear fuels and radioactive wastes. The Act was amended in 2000, 2001 and 2002. The Fund is legal entity and independent from operator of nuclear installations Slovak Power Facilities Inc. The Fund is headed by Director, who is appointed and recalled by Minister of Economy of the Slovak Republic. Sources of the Fund are generated from: a) contributions by nuclear installation operators; b) penalties imposed by Nuclear Regulatory Authority of the Slovak Republic upon natural persons and legal entities pursuant to separate regulation; c) bank credits; d) interest on Fund deposits in banks; e) grants from State Budget; f) other sources as provided by special regulation. Fund resources may be used for the following purposes: a) decommissioning of nuclear installations; b) handling of spent nuclear fuels and radioactive wastes after the termination of nuclear installation operation; c) handling of radioactive wastes whose originator is not known, including occasionally seized radioactive wastes and radioactive materials stemming from criminal activities whose originator is not known, as confirmed by Police Corps investigator or Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic; d) purchase of land for the establishment of nuclear fuel and nuclear waste repositories; e) research and development in the areas of decommissioning of nuclear installations and handling of nuclear fuels and radioactive wastes after the termination of the operation of nuclear installations; f) selection of localities, geological survey, preparation, design, construction, commissioning, operation and closure of repositories of spent nuclear fuels and radioactive wastes

  11. The nuclear controversy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Walske, C.; Dobkin, R.A.

    1984-01-01

    The article deals with the nuclear controversy, especially in the United States. To a certain extent the nuclear debate has become heavily politicised. Public opinion and anti-nuclear groups are mentioned as well as nuclear disarmament

  12. Nuclear awaits 1994

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Collier, J.G.

    1992-01-01

    When the UK electricity industry was privatised, the Government stated that in 1994 it would undertake a review of the prospects for nuclear power. The future role of nuclear power will be viewed against the improved performance of the nuclear utilities; the success being achieved on the construction of Sizewell B; and the economics taking into account environmental benefits. The chairman of Nuclear Electric reviews the current position of Nuclear Power in Britain and puts the case for nuclear power in the future. (author)

  13. Nuclear Medicine and Application of Nuclear Techniques in Medicine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wiharto, Kunto

    1996-01-01

    The use of nuclear techniques medicine covers not only nuclear medicine and radiology in strict sense but also determination of body mineral content by neutron activation analysis and x-ray fluorescence technique either in vitro or in vivo, application of radioisotopes as tracers in pharmacology and biochemistry, etc. This paper describes the ideal tracer in nuclear medicine, functional and morphological imaging, clinical aspect and radiation protection in nuclear medicine. Nuclear technique offers facilities and chances related to research activities and services in medicine. The development of diagnostic as well as therapeutic methods using monoclonal antibodies labeled with radioisotope will undoubtedly play an important role in the disease control

  14. Nuclear proliferation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Stencel, S.

    1978-01-01

    The terms and reactions to President Carter's nuclear policy, culminating in the 1978 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act, are reviewed and analyzed. The new law increases restrictions on nuclear exports, encourages continued use of light water reactors in preference to plutonium-fueled reactors, and emphasizes technical solutions to proliferation problems. Critics of the law point out that it will hurt U.S. trade unfairly, that other countries do not have as many fuel options as the U.S. has, and that nuclear sales have as many political and economic as technical solutions. Compromise areas include new international safety guidelines, the possibility of an international nuclear fuel bank, and a willingness to consider each case on its merits. 21 references

  15. Nuclear forensics: a comprehensive model action plan for Nuclear Forensics Laboratory in India

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Deshmukh, A.V.; Nyati, S.; Fatangre, N.M.; Raghav, N.K.; Reddy, P.G.

    2013-01-01

    Nuclear forensic is an emerging and highly specialized discipline which deals with nuclear investigation and analysis of nuclear or radiological/radioactive materials. Nuclear Forensic analysis includes various methodology and analytical methods along with morphology, physical, chemical, elemental and isotopic analysis to characterize and develop nuclear database for the identification of unknown nuclear or radiological/radioactive material. The origin, source history, pathway and attribution of unknown radioactive/nuclear material is possible with certainty through Nuclear Forensics. Establishment of Nuclear Forensic Laboratory and development of expertise for nuclear investigation under one roof by developing the nuclear data base and laboratory network is need of the hour to ably address the problems of all the law enforcement and nuclear agencies. The present study provides insight in Nuclear Forensics and focuses on an urgent need for a comprehensive plan to set up Nuclear Forensic Laboratory across India. (author)

  16. Validación de apariencia, contenido y consistencia interna de la Escala de Apreciación de Agencia de Autocuidado (ASA para Costa Rica, segunda versión en español

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Viriam Leiva Díaz

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: Este artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos del proceso de validación de apariencia, contenido y consistencia interna al que fue sometida la segunda versión en español de la escala ASA aplicada a población  costarricense.Método: Este estudio es descriptivo, transversal, con un enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental y psicométrico, realizado con una muestra de 211 personas en la etapa de la adultez temprana, intermedia y tardía, según su condición de salud conocidas como sanas o con diagnóstico de enfermedad crónica.Resultados: La investigación determinó que el análisis factorial con la aplicación de métodos estadísticos, la prueba de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO con resultado de 0,79, evidenció la viabilidad de la escala, en la que las variables miden factores comunes con una varianza total del 64,14%.Conclusión: El análisis factorial arrojó siete ejes factoriales y obtuvo valores adecuados que demuestran su validez.

  17. Efficacy of nuclear forensics

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kazi, Reshmi

    2011-01-01

    In a strange turn of history, the threat of global nuclear war has gone down, but the risk of a nuclear attack has gone up. The danger of nuclear terrorism and ways to thwart it, tackle it and manage it in the event of an attack is increasingly gaining the attention of nuclear analysts all over the world. There is rising awareness among nuclear experts to develop mechanisms to prevent, deter and deal with the threat of nuclear terrorism. Nuclear specialists are seeking to develop and improve the science of nuclear forensics so as to provide faster analysis during a crisis. Nuclear forensics can play an important role in detecting illicit nuclear materials to counter trafficking in nuclear and radiological materials. An effective nuclear forensic and attribution strategy can enable policy makers, decision makers and technical managers to respond to situations involving interception of special nuclear materials

  18. Nuclear energy, the climate and nuclear disarmament

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Knapp, V.

    1998-01-01

    The main concern of Pugwash, with very good reason, is nuclear disarmament, but a negative attitude towards nuclear energy is not only futile, but counterproductive as it misses opportunities to appropriately influence its development. Since nuclear energy cannot be abandoned for ecological (decrease in greenhouse gases emission) and economic reasons as a long term energy source, then efforts should be devoted to make it safe from proliferation, which is possible from scientific and technological point of view

  19. Nuclear methods and the nuclear equation of state

    CERN Document Server

    1999-01-01

    The theoretical study of the nuclear equation of state (EOS) is a field of research which deals with most of the fundamental problems of nuclear physics. This book gives an overview of the present status of the microscopic theory of the nuclear EOS. Its aim is essentially twofold: first, to serve as a textbook for students entering the field, by covering the different subjects as exhaustively and didactically as possible; second, to be a reference book for all researchers active in the theory of nuclear matter, by providing a report on the latest developments. Special emphasis is given to the

  20. Nuclear accidents and safety measures of domestic nuclear power plants

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Song Zurong; Che Shuwei; Pan Xiang

    2012-01-01

    Based on the design standards for the safety of nuclear and radiation in nuclear power plants, the three accidents in the history of nuclear power are analyzed. And the main factors for these accidents are found out, that is, human factors and unpredicted natural calamity. By combining the design and operation parameters of domestic nuclear plants, the same accidents are studied and some necessary preventive schemes are put forward. In the security operation technology of domestic nuclear power plants nowadays, accidents caused by human factors can by prevented completely. But the safety standards have to be reconsidered for the unpredicted neutral disasters. How to reduce the hazard of nuclear radiation and leakage to the level that can be accepted by the government and public when accidents occur under extreme conditions during construction and operation of nuclear power plants must be considered adequately. (authors)

  1. US nuclear policy and business trend of Japan's nuclear industries

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Matsuo, Yuji

    2010-01-01

    As several countries in the east-Asia and middle-east area have been taking an increasing interest in the deployment of nuclear power generation, Japan's nuclear industries have promoted international business activities including the success in the bid of second nuclear power plants in Vietnam. While there are plans for more than thirty of new reactors in the US, the lifetime extension of existing aged reactors, development of non-existing natural gas and trend of greenhouse gases reduction measures have dampened these plans and probably most of new units will not start construction by 2030. This article reviewed the details of US's new nuclear power introduction, trend of recent government's policies, future perspective of nuclear power construction and business trend of Japan's nuclear industries. Japan's industries should be flexible regarding nuclear power as one option to realize low-carbon society. (T. Tanaka)

  2. Nuclear physics, neutron physics and nuclear energy. Proceedings

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Andrejtscheff, W.; Elenkov, D.

    1994-01-01

    The book contains of proceedings of XI International School on Nuclear Physics, Neutron Physics and Nuclear Energy organized traditionally every two years by Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and the Physics Department of Sofia University held near the city of Varna. It provides a good insight to the large range of theoretical and experimental results, prospects, problems, difficulties and challenges which are at the core of nuclear physics today. The efforts and achievements of scientists to search for new phenomena in nuclei at extreme circumstances as superdeformation and band crossing in nuclear structure understanding are widely covered. From this point of view the achievements and future in the field of high-precision γ-spectroscopy are included. Nuclear structure models and methods, models for strong interaction, particle production and properties, resonance theory and its application in reactor physics are comprised also. (V.T.)

  3. Nuclear famine: The indirect effects of nuclear war

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Harwell, M.A.; Harwell, C.C.

    1986-01-01

    The indirect effects of a nuclear war, especially as mediated by disruption in food availability, could be much more extensive than the direct effects. Furthermore, this risk is especially severe for noncombatant countries - for the 4 billion or so humans expected to survive the immediate period after a nuclear war relatively physically unharmed. Thus, a fundamentally different picture of the post-nuclear-war world results, where a large-scale nuclear war between the United States and the Soviet Union would probably result in more eventual fatalities in India than in the United States and the Soviet Union combined, and more people would die on the African continent than in all of Europe. Rather than reflecting images of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, a modern nuclear war would, for most of the people of the world, much more resemble current images of Ethiopia and the Sudan

  4. Building Foundations for Nuclear Security Enterprise Analysis Utilizing Nuclear Weapon Data

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Josserand, Terry Michael [Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States). Nuclear Security Enterprise and Cost Analysis; Young, Leone [Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States). Nuclear Security Enterprise and Cost Analysis; Chamberlin, Edwin Phillip [Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States). Nuclear Security Enterprise and Cost Analysis

    2017-09-01

    The Nuclear Security Enterprise, managed by the National Nuclear Security Administration - a semiautonomous agency within the Department of Energy - has been associated with numerous assessments with respect to the estimating, management capabilities, and practices pertaining to nuclear weapon modernization efforts. This report identifies challenges in estimating and analyzing the Nuclear Security Enterprise through an analysis of analogous timeframe conditions utilizing two types of nuclear weapon data - (1) a measure of effort and (2) a function of time. The analysis of analogous timeframe conditions that utilizes only two types of nuclear weapon data yields four summary observations that estimators and analysts of the Nuclear Security Enterprise will find useful.

  5. Nuclear and radiochemistry

    CERN Document Server

    Konya, Jozsef

    2012-01-01

    The field of nuclear and radiochemistry is wide-reaching, with results having functions and use across a variety of disciplines. Drawing on 40 years of experience in teaching and research, this concise book explains the basic principles and applications of the primary areas of nuclear and radiochemistry. Separate chapters cover each main area of recent radiochemistry. This includes nuclear medicine and chemical aspects of nuclear power plants, namely the problems of nuclear wastes and nuclear analysis (both bulk and surface analysis), with the analytical methods based on the interactions of

  6. Nuclear energy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kuhn, W.

    1986-01-01

    This loose-leaf collection is made up of five didactically prepared units covering the following subjects: basic knowledge on nuclear energy, nuclear energy in relation to energy economy, site issues, environmental compatibility of nuclear energy, and nuclear energy in the focus of political and social action. To this was added a comprehensive collection of material: specific scientific background material, a multitude of tables, diagrams, charts etc. for copying, as well as 44 transparent charts, mostly in four colours. (orig./HP) [de

  7. Neutralidad de género y políticas públicas en las reformas agrarias de América Latina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Magdalena León

    2006-04-01

    Full Text Available Desde la segunda posguerra el enfoque liberal del desarrollo se caracterizó por la neutralidad de género; uno de los efectos fue que la política pública privilegió la familia nuclear. En el caso específico de las reformas agrarias llevadas a cabo en América Latina entre 1960 y 1980, la adopción de este enfoque excluyó a las mujeres rurales como beneficiarias directas del acceso a la tierra. Hoy en día se aprecian cambios en cuanto al género en la política pública, sin embargo la visión de la familia nuclear sigue siendo importante en las acciones dirigidas a las mujeres.

  8. NEUTRALIDAD DE GÉNERO Y POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS EN LAS REFORMAS AGRARIAS DE AMÉRICA LATINA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Magdalena León

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Desde la segunda posguerra el enfoque liberal del desarrollo se caracterizó por la neutralidad de género; uno de los efectos fue que la política pública privilegió la familia nuclear. En el caso específico de las reformas agrarias llevadas a cabo en América Latina entre 1960 y 1980, la adopción de este enfoque excluyó a las mujeres rurales como beneficiarias directas del acceso a la tierra. Hoy en día se aprecian cambios en cuanto al género en la política pública, sin embargo la visión de la familia nuclear sigue siendo importante en las acciones dirigidas a las mujeres.

  9. Outreach activity by using three-dimensional nuclear chart. Understanding nuclear physics and nuclear energy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Koura, Hiroyuki

    2015-01-01

    A three-dimensional nuclear chart is constructed with toy blocks for usage of outreach activity related on nuclear physics and atomic energy. The height of each block represents quantities like atomic mass per nucleon, the total half-life, etc. The bulk properties of the nuclei can be easily understood by using these charts. Explanations for the energy generation of nuclear fusion and fission are visually given. In addition, we newly set another chart with blocks of fission fragment mass distribution from U-235 + a thermal neutron. As an example, the origin of abundances of rather radioactive isotopes like Sr-90 and Cs-137 is explained which created in nuclear reactor and also distributed in the eastern side of Fukushima prefecture due to the accident of Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Using our charts, lectures entitled 'Alchemy of the Universe' were delivered to high schools and public places. (author)

  10. Nuclear energy data

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1990-01-01

    Nuclear Energy Data is the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency's annual compilation of basic statistics on electricity generation and nuclear power in OECD countries. The reader will find quick and easy reference to the present status of and projected trends in total electricity generating capacity, nuclear generating capacity, and actual electricity production as well as on supply and demand for nuclear fuel cycle services [fr

  11. A Casa Portuguesa como representação de Portugal: subversões da escrita da casa em romances portugueses da segunda metade do século XX = The Portuguese House as the representation of Portugal: subversion of the house’s writing in portuguese novels published in the second half of twentieth century

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Girola, Maristela Kirst de Lima

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available O presente ensaio tem como objetivo tecer e discutir algumas reflexões sobre a construção ficcional do espaço da casa como representação de Portugal. Em romances publicados na segunda metade do século XX, por autores como Agustina Bessa-Luís, Maria Velho da Costa e António Lobo Antunes, podemos perceber subversões na forma de escrever a casa portuguesa. Procuraremos relacionar essas mudanças às transformações sociais e à construção do gênero romanesco

  12. Nuclear legislation: analytical study. Regulatory and institutional framework for nuclear activities

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2001-01-01

    Australia' s basic legislation in the nuclear field consists in five Acts passed by the Federal Parliament. These Acts are as follow: the South Pacific nuclear free zone treaty Act; the nuclear non-proliferation act; the Australian nuclear science and technology organisation act; the Australian nuclear science and technology organisation amendment act; the radiation protection and nuclear safety act. The two first Acts were prompted by the need for domestic legislation to implement Australia 's international obligations. The third arose from a long-standing recognition that the Atomic energy Act was inappropriate as the legislative basis for the activities of Australia 's national nuclear organisation. For its part the fourth Act introduced some necessary changes into the Australian nuclear science and technology organisation Act. Finally, the fifth act establishes a regime to regulate the operation of nuclear installations and the management of radiation sources, where the activities are undertaken by Commonwealth entities. Each of these Acts is discussed in more details in this work. (N.C.)

  13. In defiance of nuclear deterrence: anti-nuclear New Zealand after two decades.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Reitzig, Andreas

    2006-01-01

    In 1984, nuclear-armed and nuclear-powered vessels were banned from New Zealand to express the country's rejection of the nuclear deterrence concept. This led to a disagreement with the United States. Today, the ban on nuclear-powered ships is the only element of the nuclear-free legislation that still strains US-New Zealand relations. This article presents the reasons for the ban on nuclear-powered ships, which include scientific safety concerns, a symbolic rejection of the nuclear deterrence posture, and patriotic factors such as a nuclear-free national identity. The military and economic consequences of the ban are also examined. Since the ban on nuclear-powered vessels appears to be neither widely known abroad nor commonly recognised as a supportive disarmament measure outside New Zealand, it is concluded that whatever the future of this ban will be, New Zealand's anti-nuclear image will remain known internationally through the ban on nuclear arms.

  14. Nuclear Materials Diversion Safety and the Long-term Future of Nuclear Energy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Knapp, V.

    2002-01-01

    Primarily due to irresponsible cold war politics of nuclear weapon countries nuclear proliferation situation is little short of getting out of control. In addition to five nominal nuclear weapon countries there are at present at least three more nuclear weapon countries and several countries with nuclear weapon potential. Non-proliferation treaty (NPT), signed in 1970, has been recognized by most non-nuclear weapon countries as unjust and ineffective. After the initial, deliberate, nuclear weapon developments of five nominal nuclear weapon countries, subsequent paths to nuclear weapons have been preceded by nominal peaceful use of nuclear energy. Uranium enrichment installations as well as reprocessing installations in non-nuclear weapon countries are the weakest spots of fuel cycle for diversion of nuclear materials either by governments or by illicit groups. An energy scenario, which would, by the end of century, replace the large part of fossil fuels use through extension of present nuclear practices, would mean very large increase in a number of such installations, with corresponding increase of the probability of diversion of nuclear materials. Such future is not acceptable from the point of view of proliferation safety. Recent events make it clear, that it cannot be accepted from the requirements of nuclear terrorism safety either. Nuclear community should put it clearly to their respective governments that the time has come to put general interest before the supposed national interest, by placing all enrichment and reprocessing installations under full international control. Such internationalization has a chance to be accepted by non-nuclear weapon countries, only in case should it apply to nuclear weapon countries as well, without exception. Recent terrorist acts, however horrible they were, are child,s play compared with possible acts of nuclear terrorism. Nuclear energy can be made proliferation safe and diversion of nuclear materials safe, and provide

  15. Nuclear nonproliferation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Neubert, M.

    1992-01-01

    The following motion was put before the United Kingdom House of Commons on 3rd February 1992 and agreed; that this House, recognising the potential dangers of the rapidly changing world order, welcomes the recent proposals for substantial reductions in nuclear weaponry, the growing support for the non-proliferation treaty and progress in the implementation of the United Nations Security Council Resolutions concerning the dismantling of Iraqi nuclear, chemical and biological capabilities; urges the Government to play their full part in helping the relevant authorities in the Commonwealth of Independent States to dismantle their nuclear devices, to safeguard their nuclear components and to discourage the proliferation of nuclear expertise; and believes it is of the first importance that Britain retains an effective and credible minimum nuclear deterrent as security in a world where there remain many sources of instability. The record of arguments for and against the motion in the debate is presented. (author)

  16. Nuclear power

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    King, P.

    1990-01-01

    Written from the basis of neutrality, neither for nor against nuclear power this book considers whether there are special features of nuclear power which mean that its development should be either promoted or restrained by the State. The author makes it dear that there are no easy answers to the questions raised by the intervention of nuclear power but calls for openness in the nuclear decision making process. First, the need for energy is considered; most people agree that energy is the power to progress. Then the historicalzed background to the current position of nuclear power is given. Further chapters consider the fuel cycle, environmental impacts including carbon dioxide emission and the greenhouse effect, the costs, safety and risks and waste disposal. No conclusion either for or against nuclear power is made. The various shades of opinion are outlined and the arguments presented so that readers can come to their own conclusions. (UK)

  17. Nuclear chemistry research for the safe disposal of nuclear waste

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fanghaenel, Thomas

    2011-01-01

    The safe disposal of high-level nuclear waste and spent nuclear fuel is of key importance for the future sustainable development of nuclear energy. Concepts foresee the isolation of the nuclear waste in deep geological formations. The long-term radiotoxicity of nuclear waste is dominated by plutonium and the minor actinides. Hence it is essential for the performance assessment of a nuclear waste disposal to understand the chemical behaviour of actinides in a repository system. The aqueous chemistry and thermodynamics of actinides is rather complex in particular due to their very rich redox chemistry. Recent results of our detailed study of the Plutonium and Neptunium redox - and complexation behaviour are presented and discussed. (author)

  18. Nuclear safeguards control in nuclear power stations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Boedege, R.; Braatz, U.; Heger, H.

    1976-01-01

    The execution of the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) has initiated a third phase in the efforts taken to ensure peace by limiting the number of atomic powers. In this phase it is important, above all, to turn into workable systems the conditions imposed upon technology by the different provisions of the Verification Agreement of the NPT. This is achieved mainly by elaborating annexes to the Agreement specifically geared to certain model plants, typical representatives selected for LWR power stations being the plants at Garigliano, Italy (BWR), and Stade, Federal Republic of Germany (PWR). The surveillance measures taken to prevent any diversion of special nuclear material for purposes of nuclear weapons manufacture must be effective in achieving their specific objective and must not impede the circumspect management of operations of the plants concerned. A VDEW working party has studied the technical details of the planned surveillance measures in nuclear power stations in the Federal Republic of Germany and now presents a concept of material balancing by units which meets the conditions imposed by the inspection authority and could also be accepted by the operators of nuclear power stations. The concept provides for uninterrupted control of the material balance areas of the nuclear power stations concerned, allows continuous control of the whole nuclear fuel cycle, is based exclusively on existing methods and facilities, and can be implemented at low cost. (orig.) [de

  19. Nuclear power controversy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Murphy, A.W.

    1976-01-01

    Arthur W. Murphy in the introductory chapter cites the issues, pro and con, concerning nuclear power. In assessing the present stance, he first looks back to the last American Assembly on nuclear power, held October 1957 and notes its accomplishments. He summarizes the six papers of this book, which focus on nuclear power to the end of this century. Chapter I, Safety Aspects of Nuclear Energy, by David Bodansky and Fred Schmidt, deals with the technical aspects of reactor safety as well as waste storage and plutonium diversion. Chapter 2, The Economics of Electric Power Generation--1975-2000, by R. Michael Murray, Jr., focuses specifically on coal-fired and nuclear plants. Chapter 3, How Can We Get the Nuclear Job Done, by Fritz Heimann, identifies actions that must take place to develop nuclear power in the U.S. and who should build the reprocessing plants. Chapter 4, by Arthur Murphy, Nuclear Power Plant Regulation, discusses the USNRC operation and the Price-Anderson Act specifically. Chapter 5, Nuclear Exports and Nonproliferation Strategy, by John G. Palfrey, treats the international aspects of the problem with primary emphasis upon the situation of the U.S. as an exporter of technology. Chapter 6, by George Kistiakowsky, Nuclear Power: How Much Is Too Much, expresses doubt about the nuclear effort, at least in the short run

  20. Synergy in the areas of NPP nuclear safety and nuclear security

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Dybach, A.M.; Kuzmyak, I.Ya.; Kukhotskij, A.V.

    2013-01-01

    The paper considers the question of synergy between nuclear safety and nuclear security. Special attention is paid to identifying interface of the two areas of safety and definition of common principles for nuclear security and nuclear safety measures. The principles of defense in depth, safety culture and graded approach are analyzed in detail.Specific features characteristic of nuclear safety and security are outlined

  1. Nuclear safety based on nuclear knowledge - A Romanian approach

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Valeca, S.C.; Popescu, D.

    2007-01-01

    Full text: The recognized 'father' of the nuclear field, the scientist A. Einstein inherited us with a CONTRADICTION. On one hand he was the supporter of researches in the nuclear field, but on the other hand, when he saw the first devastating results of the atomic explosions he suddenly became a fervent opponent. In such conditions, the nuclear field made its first step in the conscience of humanity. Unfortunately it was a left first step. For this reason and also because of the nuclear incidents passed over the history of the field and due to yet unclear strategies regarding the final disposal of radioactive waste, a part of public opinion 'embraced' the concept 'NIMBY - Not In My Back Yard'. At present and for the future we have to fight against this concept in order to transform it in 'PIMY - Please In My Yard'. As a consequence, alongside numerous activities well-known by the specialists in the field, regulated and authorized by the regulatory body in the nuclear field, associated programmes for the CONTINUOUS qualification and education of human resources are needed. The Concept of Nuclear Security covers all the activities resulted from the nuclear fuel cycle. Taking into consideration the international experience in this field in our country's case, these activities were estimated for periods of approximately 70 years, as following: 10 years: the characterization and selection of the site, the design, construction and the commission of a nuclear power plant; 40 years: the operation, maintenance and modernization of a nuclear power plant; 20 years: the preservation for the decommissioning and the decommissioning of the nuclear power plant. In all these stages until present Romania based a lot on the indigene component regarding the activities of research and development, design, construction - assembling, exploitation and maintenance (both for NPP Unit 1 and Unit 2, where this component was approximately of 50%). In such conditions, it was needed the

  2. Nuclear safeguards: power tool for ensuring nuclear safety and security

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ramakumar, K.L.

    2016-01-01

    The quantitative measurement of fissile nuclear materials through independent measurements is one of the cornerstones of the Nuclear Material Accounting and Control (NUMAC) edifice. The verification of the accountancy also represents one of the key elements of international nuclear materials Safeguards. The very basis of NUMAC is to ensure safeguarding nuclear material and to state with confidence, “no significant amount of nuclear material has been withdrawn from its intended civilian use.” Thus, materials accounting systems are designed to account for or keep track of the amounts and locations of sensitive nuclear materials by periodic measurements. The purpose of this activity is to detect missing items (gross defects). A variety of C/S techniques are used, primarily optical surveillance and sealing. These measures serve to back up nuclear material accountancy by providing means by which access to nuclear material can be monitored. Unattended monitoring is a special mode of application of NDA or C/S techniques, or a combination of these, that operates for extended periods of time. The complexity and diversity of facilities containing safeguarded nuclear material require a correspondingly diverse set of verification techniques and equipment. The equipment and techniques used in safeguards are briefly described in this talk

  3. Nuclear for curious

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fontesse, Max

    2015-01-01

    The author aims at proposing a popularisation of nuclear science. In a first part which addresses general aspects and uses of radioactivity, he presents and describes the matter structure, proposes a historical overview, introduces the various forms of nuclear activity (α, β, and γ radioactivity) and natural radioactivity. He explains why radiation can be called ionizing radiation (action of ionizing radiations on matter, comparison between α, β, X, and γ radiations). He presents the various radiological units, addresses issues related to radiation protection (main damages on human body, impact of a radiation on the whole body), and describes various uses of radioactivity (nuclear medicine, dating, heritage conservation, and others). In the second part, the author addresses uses of nuclear energy. He describes artificial radioactivity (nuclear fission, criticality), the various types of nuclear reactors (natural uranium graphite gas, heavy water, pressurised water, boiling water, fast breeders), and the nuclear fuel cycle (mining extraction, refinery, isotopic enrichment, assembly fabrication, cooling in pool, reprocessing, nuclear wastes, MOX fuel). The third part addresses perspectives: EPR, future reactors, nuclear fusion

  4. Controlling nuclear proliferation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sweet, W.

    1981-01-01

    Nuclear non-proliferation policy depends on the 1968 Non-Proliferation Treaty, in which countries promise not to acquire nuclear weapons in exchange for open access to peaceful nuclear technology, and a system of international safeguards that are imposed on exported nuclear equipment and facilities operated by parties to the treaty. Critics have feared all along that non-nuclear countries might circumvent or exploit the system to obtain nuclear weapons and that the Atoms for Peace plan would spread the very technology it sought to control. The nuclear weapons states would like everyone else to believe that atomic bombs are undesirable, but they continue to rely on the bombs for their own defense. Israel's raid on Iraq's nuclear reactor focused world attention on the proliferation problem and helped to broaden and sterengthen its prospects. It also highlighted the weakness that there are no effective sanctions against violators. Until the international community can ageee on enforcement measures powerful enough to prevent nuclear proliferation, individual countries may be tempted to follow Israel's example, 19 references

  5. Nuclear Forensics: A Methodology Applicable to Nuclear Security and to Non-Proliferation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mayer, K; Wallenius, M; Luetzenkirchen, K; Galy, J; Varga, Z; Erdmann, N; Buda, R; Kratz, J-V; Trautmann, N; Fifield, K

    2011-01-01

    Nuclear Security aims at the prevention and detection of and response to, theft, sabotage, unauthorized access, illegal transfer or other malicious acts involving nuclear material. Nuclear Forensics is a key element of nuclear security. Nuclear Forensics is defined as a methodology that aims at re-establishing the history of nuclear material of unknown origin. It is based on indicators that arise from known relationships between material characteristics and process history. Thus, nuclear forensics analysis includes the characterization of the material and correlation with production history. To this end, we can make use of parameters such as the isotopic composition of the nuclear material and accompanying elements, chemical impurities, macroscopic appearance and microstructure of the material. In the present paper, we discuss the opportunities for attribution of nuclear material offered by nuclear forensics as well as its limitations. Particular attention will be given to the role of nuclear reactions. Such reactions include the radioactive decay of the nuclear material, but also reactions with neutrons. When uranium (of natural composition) is exposed to neutrons, plutonium is formed, as well as 236 U. We will illustrate the methodology using the example of a piece of uranium metal that dates back to the German nuclear program in the 1940's. A combination of different analytical techniques and model calculations enables a nuclear forensics interpretation, thus correlating the material characteristics with the production history.

  6. Nuclear Forensics: A Methodology Applicable to Nuclear Security and to Non-Proliferation

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mayer, K.; Wallenius, M.; Lützenkirchen, K.; Galy, J.; Varga, Z.; Erdmann, N.; Buda, R.; Kratz, J.-V.; Trautmann, N.; Fifield, K.

    2011-09-01

    Nuclear Security aims at the prevention and detection of and response to, theft, sabotage, unauthorized access, illegal transfer or other malicious acts involving nuclear material. Nuclear Forensics is a key element of nuclear security. Nuclear Forensics is defined as a methodology that aims at re-establishing the history of nuclear material of unknown origin. It is based on indicators that arise from known relationships between material characteristics and process history. Thus, nuclear forensics analysis includes the characterization of the material and correlation with production history. To this end, we can make use of parameters such as the isotopic composition of the nuclear material and accompanying elements, chemical impurities, macroscopic appearance and microstructure of the material. In the present paper, we discuss the opportunities for attribution of nuclear material offered by nuclear forensics as well as its limitations. Particular attention will be given to the role of nuclear reactions. Such reactions include the radioactive decay of the nuclear material, but also reactions with neutrons. When uranium (of natural composition) is exposed to neutrons, plutonium is formed, as well as 236U. We will illustrate the methodology using the example of a piece of uranium metal that dates back to the German nuclear program in the 1940's. A combination of different analytical techniques and model calculations enables a nuclear forensics interpretation, thus correlating the material characteristics with the production history.

  7. Theoretical studies in nuclear reactions and nuclear structure: Progress report

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Griffin, J.J.

    1988-09-01

    This report discusses topics in nuclear theory. These general topics are: Quark physics, Quantum field theory, Relativistic nuclear physics, Nuclear dynamics, and Few-body problems and nonrelativistic methods

  8. Nuclear Safety

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Silver, E G [ed.

    1989-01-01

    This document is a review journal that covers significant developments in the field of nuclear safety. Its scope includes the analysis and control of hazards associated with nuclear energy, operations involving fissionable materials, and the products of nuclear fission and their effects on the environment. Primary emphasis is on safety in reactor design, construction, and operation; however, the safety aspects of the entire fuel cycle, including fuel fabrication, spent-fuel processing, nuclear waste disposal, handling of radioisotopes, and environmental effects of these operations, are also treated.

  9. Nuclear medicine

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Anon.

    1993-01-01

    The area of nuclear medicine, the development of artificially produced radioactive isotopes for medical applications, is relatively recent. Among the subjects covered in a lengthy discussion are the following: history of development; impact of nuclear medicine; understanding the most effective use of radioisotopes; most significant uses of nuclear medicine radioimmunoassays; description of equipment designed for use in the field of nuclear medicine (counters, scanning system, display systems, gamma camera); description of radioisotopes used and their purposes; quality control. Numerous historical photographs are included. 52 refs

  10. Nuclear rockets

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sarram, M [Teheran Univ. (Iran). Inst. of Nuclear Science and Technology

    1972-02-01

    Nuclear energy has found many applications in space projects. This article deals with these applications. The first application is the use of nuclear energy for the production of electricity in space and the second main application is the use of nuclear energy for propulsion purposes in space flight. The main objective is to develop a 75000 pound thrust flight engine called NERVA by heating liquid hydrogen in a nuclear reactor. The paper describes in detail the salient features of the NERVA rocket as well as its comparison with the conventional chemical rockets. It is shown that a nuclear rocket using liquid hydrogen as medium is at least 85% more efficient as compared with the chemical rockets such as those used for the APOLLO moon flight.

  11. JPRS Report, Nuclear Developments

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    1991-01-01

    Partial Contents: Medium Range Missiles, Rocket Engine, Nuclear Submarine, Nuclear Reactor, Nuclear Inspection, Nuclear Weapons, Transfer Technology, Scud, Safety, Nuclear Power, Chernobyl Trial, ,CHemical Weapons...

  12. Nuclear inheritance

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Delpech, Therese

    1997-01-01

    Since the end of the East-West confronting, the nuclear weapon issue has been focused in an international debate with obvious repercussions in Europe, because it is the European continent which indicated first the significance of nuclear deterrence. This debate refers first upon the past, as the German unification allowed capturing numerous documents of Warsaw treaty which revealed the intentions and the plans of Soviet Union during the cold war, and secondly concerns the future, since the role of nuclear weapons must be re-thought in a new context. This is the subject of this book, which refers also to the problem of the nuclear proliferation in the world and evolution of different countries in a political and regional context. The extension of the non-proliferation treaty for an undefined duration, in May 1995, is a incontestable victory because this treaty rules the renouncement to nuclear weapons of 185 countries. However, it does not solve most sensible problems like the Iraq case, for which a specific inspection regime has been instituted, or the case of Iran, which is suspected to acquire the bomb, although no clear evidence has been provided up to now. This is also the case of Israel, India and Pakistan which allege plainly their willingness of keeping open, from security reasons, their nuclear option. The content is displayed in five chapters: 1. Introduction; 2. The role of the nuclear weapons after the cold war; 3. The nuclear proliferation at crossroads; 4. Undefined extension of the NPT, a striking but fragile victory; 5. Conclusions. An appendix containing the text of the Nuclear Weapon Non-Proliferation Treaty and a chronology are added

  13. Role of Nuclear Knowledge Infrastructure in Building and Developing a Nuclear Industry

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pershukov, V.

    2016-01-01

    Full text: Current level of development of nuclear technology pushes future owners and users to address several important challenges at the very beginning of preparation for introduction of nuclear power programme including development of national expertise and technical competence for safe and secure use of nuclear technology and creation of national scientific and research infrastructure. However, many times national stakeholders involved into the development of nuclear power programmes act in separate information environments. This creates confusion and may result in delays of execution of a nuclear power programmes. A common environment in this case is important to ensure information exchange and collaborative work on nuclear power programme development. A common environment facilitates transfer, preservation and spread of nuclear knowledge to all stakeholders involved in a national nuclear power programme. Due to the long life cycle of nuclear power plants, strengthening and maintaining the effective management of knowledge and information over the entire life cycle for licensed nuclear facilities is imperative. This covers areas including design, construction, commissioning, operation and decommissioning, especially in newcomer countries and new builds. Nuclear knowledge infrastructure assumes this role and helps countries deciding to develop nuclear programmes ensure the safe and secure use of its nuclear power for national development. (author

  14. New Nuclear Safety Regulations

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Novosel, N.; Prah, M.; Cizmek, A.

    2008-01-01

    Beside new Ordinance on the control of nuclear material and special equipment (Official Gazette No. 15/08), from 2006 State Office for Nuclear Safety (SONS) adopted Ordinance on performing nuclear activities (Official Gazette No. 74/06) and Ordinance on special conditions for individual activities to be performed by expert organizations which perform activities in the area of nuclear safety (Official Gazette No. 74/06), based on Nuclear Safety Act (Official Gazette No. 173/03). The Ordinance on performing nuclear activities regulates the procedure of announcing the intention to perform nuclear activity, submitting an application for the issue of a license to perform nuclear activity, and the procedure for adoption a decision on issuing a nuclear activity license. The Ordinance also regulates the contents of the application form for the announcement of the intention to perform nuclear activity, as well as of the application for the issue of a nuclear activity license and the method of keeping a nuclear activity register. The Ordinance on special conditions for individual activities to be performed by expert organizations which perform activities in the area of nuclear safety regulates these mentioned conditions, whereas compliance is established by a decision passed by the SONS. Special conditions for individual activities to be performed by expert organizations which perform activities in the area of nuclear safety are organizational, technical, technological conditions and established system of quality assurance. In 2007, SONS finalized the text of new Ordinance on nuclear safety and protection conditions for location, design, construction, operation and decommissioning of facility in which nuclear activity is performed. This Ordinance regulates nuclear safety and protection conditions for location, design, construction, operation and decommissioning of facility in which nuclear activity is performed. This Ordinance defines facilities in which nuclear activity is

  15. Nuclear Malaysia in the news 2013: Making headlines in nuclear technology

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2014-01-01

    Nuclear was a term that always misunderstands by public as a terrifying term. The nuclear activities around Malaysia was disseminated in newspaper and Malaysian Nuclear Agency as a responsible agency for nuclear for peace were collecting that news and compiled them to make the public aware the benefits of nuclear energy to develop our country. All the news about nuclear were collected using various type of newspaper published in Malaysia such as Utusan Malaysia, Berita Harian, Daily Express, News Straits Time, The Star, Borneo Post and others. This news was compiled according to their main topics such as energy, nuclear in agriculture, education and others. Each year one edition of this report will publish and disseminate it to the other libraries, government agencies, school and others to make the public aware the existence of nuclear activities around their countries.

  16. Overview of nuclear data activities at the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Michel-Sendis, F.; Dupont, E.; Gulliford, J.; Nordborg, G.

    2011-01-01

    The Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) is a specialised agency within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The mission of the NEA is to assist its member countries in maintaining and further developing, through international co-operation, the scientific, technological and legal bases required for the safe, environmentally friendly and economical use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. All activities relevant to nuclear data measurements, evaluations and applications are managed by the NEA Nuclear Science Committee through the Nuclear Science section and the Data Bank, which work closely together. This paper gives an overview of current and planned nuclear data activities at the Nuclear Energy Agency through the program of work of the Data Bank in general and of the NEA Working Party on international nuclear data Evaluation Co-operation (WPEC) in particular. (authors)

  17. Nuclear power of Korea

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chun Bee-Ho

    2011-01-01

    National nuclear is presented. Nuclear energy safety after Fukushima, international cooperation in nuclear energy is discussed. Nuclear projects with the United Arab Emirates have been developed to build 4 nuclear power plants in the UAE - APR 1400. At the Korea-Bulgaria Industrial Committee Meeting in Sofia (March 2011) Korean side proposed Nuclear Safety Training Program in Korea for Bulgarian government officials and experts transfer of know-how and profound expertise on world-class nuclear technology and nuclear safety

  18. Adolescents' knowledge of nuclear issues and the effects of nuclear war

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Roscoe, B.; Goodwin, M.P.

    1987-01-01

    Three hundred fifty-seven college students were surveyed to assess later adolescents' awareness of the status of nuclear arms development and possible effects of a nuclear war on people and the environment. Chi-square analyses were performed to determine whether the frequency of correct responses differed with regard to participants' sex, political orientation, and position toward the United States' possession of nuclear weapons. Results suggest that later adolescents are extremely uninformed regarding the current status of nuclear issues and the consequences of a nuclear war. These data, coupled with findings from previous studies reporting children's and adolescents' concerns and fears about nuclear war, indicate that there is a strong need to educate young people concerning nuclear issues

  19. Nuclear energy data

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    2004-01-01

    This new edition of Nuclear Energy Data, the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency's annual compilation of essential statistics on nuclear energy in OECD countries, offers additional graphical information as compared with previous editions allowing a rapid comparison between capacity and requirements in the various phases of the nuclear fuel cycle. It provides the reader with a comprehensive but easy-to-access overview on the status of and trends in the nuclear power and fuel cycle sector. This publication is an authoritative information source of interest to policy makers, experts and academics involved in the nuclear energy field. (author)

  20. Safety culture in the nuclear versus non-nuclear organization

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Haber, S.B.; Shurberg, D.A.

    1996-01-01

    The importance of safety culture in the safe and reliable operation of nuclear organizations is not a new concept. The greatest barriers to this area of research are twofold: (1) the definition and criteria of safety culture for a nuclear organization and (2) the measurement of those attributes in an objective and systematic fashion. This paper will discuss a proposed resolution of those barriers as demonstrated by the collection of data across nuclear and non-nuclear facilities over a two year period

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