Earth, Wind and Fire. Natural air conditioning. Part 1. Research aims and methods; Earth, Wind and Fire. Natuurlijke airconditioning. Deel 1. Onderzoeksdoelen en -methoden

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bronsema, B. [Afdeling Architectural Engineering en Technology, Faculteit Bouwkunde, Technische Universiteit Delft TUD, Delft (Netherlands)

2013-07-15

The Earth, Wind and Fire concept transforms a building into a 'climate machine' which is powered by the natural forces and energy of the sun, wind, the mass of the earth and gravity. This concept consists of a Climate Cascade, a solar chimney and a Ventec roof, which have been tested in physical mock-ups. Simulation models have been validated on the basis of real measurements. This work has resulted in the creation of reliable tools for design practice [Dutch] Het Earth, Wind en Fire-concept voor natuurlijke airconditioning biedt meer zekerheid voor het realiseren van energieneutrale kantoorgebouwen dan mogelijk zou zijn door verbetering van bestaande technieken. Het concept maakt gebruik van de omgevingsenergie van aardmassa, wind en zon. Enerzijds wordt deze energie passief gebruikt voor het realiseren van een natuurlijke airconditioning, waarbij de gewenste luchtstromingen tot stand komen onder invloed van thermisch gedreven drukverschillen. Anderzijds worden zon en wind benut voor actieve energieopwekking, waardoor een gebouw in principe energieneutraal kan worden. Een dergelijk gebouw kan worden beschouwd als 'klimaatmachine', geactiveerd door zwaartekracht, wind en zon.

Incidence of trichothecenes and zearalenone in poultry feed mixtures from Slovakia.

Science.gov (United States)

Labuda, Roman; Parich, Alexandra; Berthiller, Franz; Tancinová, Dana

2005-11-15

A total of 50 samples of poultry feed mixtures of Slovakian origin were analyzed for eight toxicologically significant Fusarium mycotoxins, namely zearalenone (ZON), A-trichothecenes: diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), T-2 toxin (T-2) and HT-2 toxin (HT-2) and B-trichothecenes: deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3-ADON), 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-ADON) and nivalenol (NIV). The A-trichothecenes and the B-trichothecenes were detected by means of high pressure liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection (HPLC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography electron capture detection (GC-ECD), respectively. Reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detector (RP-HPLC-FLD) was used for ZON detection. The most frequent mycotoxin detected was T-2, which was found in 45 samples (90%) in relatively low concentrations ranging from 1 to 130 microg kg(-1) (average 13 microg kg(-1)), followed by ZON that was found in 44 samples (88%) in concentrations ranging from 3 to 86 microg kg(-1) (average 21 microg kg(-1)). HT-2 and DON were detected in 38 (76%) and 28 (56%) samples, respectively, in concentrations of 2 to 173 (average 18 microg kg(-1)) for HT-2 and 64 to 1230 microg kg(-1) sample (average 303 microg kg(-1)) for DON. The acetyl-derivatives of DON were in just four samples, while NIV was not detected in any of the samples investigated. In as many as 22 samples (44%), a combination of four simultaneously co-occurring mycotoxins, i.e. T-2, HT-2, ZON and DON, was revealed. Despite the limited number of samples investigated during this study poultry feed mixtures may represent a risk from a toxicological point of view and should be regarded as a potential source of the Fusarium mycotoxins in Central Europe. This is the first reported study dealing with zearalenone and trichothecene contamination of poultry mixed feeds from Slovakia.

Wat als de zon het licht uitdoet

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Zwamborn, A.P.M.

2012-01-01

Voor het leven op aarde speelt het aardmagnetisch veld een cruciale rol om ons tegen deze stroom geladen deeltjes te beschermen. In extreme situaties merken we de effecten van ruimteweer zelfs op aarde. Inzicht in het ruimteweer is daarom belangrijk om tijdig te kunnen beoordelen of zonneactiviteit

Participatie en empowerment in de gezondheidsbevordering: Professionals in de knel tussen ideaal en praktijk?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gaby Jacobs

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Deze bijdrage is gebaseerd op een onderzoek in opdracht van ZonMw (de Nederlandse organisatie voor gezondheidsonderzoek en ontwikkeling naar de state of the art van empowerment in de Nederlandse gezondheidsbevorderings- en preventiepraktijken. Daartoe is een literatuurstudie verricht en zijn acht van de in totaal 54 projecten binnen het programma ‘Gezond Leven’ van ZonMw geselecteerd vanwege hun gerichtheid op empowerment van de deelnemers, tot uitdrukking komend in zinsneden in de projectvoorstellen als ‘meer grip krijgen op het eigen leven’, 'bewust keuzen leren maken en daar zelf verantwoordelijkheid voor nemen’, ‘helpen hun kracht en kwaliteiten om met de bestaande situatie om te gaan te ontdekken of te versterken’ en ‘erkenning van de eigen ideeën en expertise van mensen’.

Preparation of surface modified zinc oxide nanoparticle with high capacity dye removal ability

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mahmoodi, Niyaz Mohammad; Najafi, Farhood

2012-01-01

Highlights: ► Amine-functionalized zinc oxide nanoparticle (AFZON) was synthesized. ► Isotherm and kinetics data followed Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetic model, respectively. ► Q 0 of ZON for AB25, DR23 and DR31 was 20, 12 and 15 mg/g, respectively. ► Q 0 of AFZON for AB25, DR23 and DR31 was 1250, 1000 and 1429 mg/g, respectively. ► AFZON was regenerated at pH 12. -- Abstract: In this paper, the surface modification of zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZON) by amine functionalization was studied to prepare high capacity adsorbent. Dye removal ability of amine-functionalized zinc oxide nanoparticle (AFZON) and zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZON) was also investigated. The physical characteristics of AFZON were studied using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Acid Blue 25 (AB25), Direct Red 23 (DR23) and Direct Red 31 (DR31) were used as model compounds. The effect of operational parameters such as dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH and salt on dye removal was evaluated. The isotherm and kinetic of dye adsorption were studied. The maximum dye adsorption capacity (Q 0 ) was 20 mg/g AB25, 12 mg/g DR23 and 15 mg/g DR31 for ZON and 1250 mg/g AB25, 1000 mg/g DR23 and 1429 mg/g DR31 for AFZON. It was found that dye adsorption followed Langmuir isotherm. Adsorption kinetic of dyes was found to conform to pseudo-second order kinetics. Dye desorption tests (adsorbent regeneration) showed that the maximum dye release of 90% AB25, 86% for DR23 and 90% for DR31 were achieved in aqueous solution at pH 12. Based on the data of the present investigation, it can be concluded that the AFZON being an adsorbent with high dye adsorption capacity might be a suitable alternative to remove dyes from colored aqueous solutions.

Niets nieuws onder de zon en andere toevalligheden

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Peters, S.; Wetzels, R.A.E.

2007-01-01

'Strategie is niets meer of minder dan achteraf het genie erin naaien.' Het vernuft van de strategie zit in het 'toeval', een spontaan antwoord op een domme vraag van een slimme klant en krijgt achteraf de juiste betekenis door herkadering van de feiten. Strategiesessies zijn vaak niet meer dan

Untitled

African Journals Online (AJOL)

NSK/2) and one pit on the site that did not (NS/NSK) and described then before collecting soil samples from the genetic hori- zons of each pit for analysis of soil properties. Soil organic carbon (OC), microbial respiration, electri- cal conductivity ...

Mycorrhizaschimmels: een rol in gewasbescherming?; thema bodemweerbaarheid

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Baar, J.

2005-01-01

In de grond kunnen bij planten specifieke bodemschimmels voorkomen. Dit zijn de zogeheten mycorrhizaschimmels. Kenmerkend voor mycorrhizaschimmels is dat deze schimmels met planten in een gebalanceerde symbiose leven. Van zo'n symbiose hebben zowel de planten als de schimmels profijt. In dit artikel

Hoornloze koeien in aantocht

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Windig, J.J.

2009-01-01

Hoornloosheid komt bij enkele koeienrassen voor. Om het in de huidige melkkoe in te fokken, zou een fokprogramma hulp kunnen bieden. De veehouderij vindt gebruik van zo'n programma prima, de gemiddelde burger is daar wat terughoudender in en ook meer verdeeld.

Professionalisering van het FTO in Noord-Holland Noord: evaluatie van een pilot.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Jansen, J.; Dijk, L. van; Wagner, C.; Bakker, D. de

2004-01-01

Voor een succesvol Farmaco Therapie Overleg (FTO) zijn een goede voorbereiding, een strenge voorzitter, een duidelijk afgebakend onderwerp en heldere afspraken nodig. Daarmee is het mogelijk het functioneren van zo'n overleg naar een (nog) hoger niveau te tillen. Dit blijkt uit een

Risicoanalyse voor buisleidingen met brandbare vloeistoffen

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van Vliet AAC; Laheij GMH; Wolting AG; CEV

2006-01-01

De minimale veiligheidsafstanden tussen buisleidingen met brandbare vloeistoffen en bebouwingen kunnen gelijk blijven of iets verkleind worden. Dit is de conclusie na een herberekening van de afstanden uit een circulaire uit 1991. In Nederland ligt zo'n 1850 kilometer aan ondergrondse buisleiding

Het herenbolwerk : politieke en sociale terreinverkenningen in Drenthe over de periode 1748-1888

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Buning, Lammert

1966-01-01

NABESCHOUWING EN CONCLUSIES De verklaring van het feit dat zich in de achttiende eeuw in - Drenthe een oligarchie vormde van ridclerinatigen, voorname eigenerfden en ambtelijke specialisten, lijkt op het eerste gezicht niet moeilijk? Overal in de Verenigde Provinciën vormde zich immers zo'n

Modal logics for rational agents

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Linder, B. van

1996-01-01

In een zin samengevat gaat dit proefschrift over formele technieken die gebruikt kunnen worden bij het modelleren van menselijk gedrag. Met behulp van zo'n modellering kan niet alleen precies gekeken worden waardoor bepaald gedrag veroorzaakt wordt, maar ook kan gewenst gedrag formeel beschreven

Werknemer moet explosie niet óm de oren krijgen, maar ertussen : risicobeheersing begint op de werkvloer

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Beek, P. van; Beek, C. van

1999-01-01

Nederland kent zo'n 4500 bedrijven die op grote schaal met gevaarlijke stoffen werken, de majeure-risicobedrijven. Een van de risicofactoren bij deze bedrijven is explosiegevaar. Het veiligheidsbeleid is in de eerste plaats gericht op bescherming van de eigen werknemers en apparatuur, op de

Op een kaal plein valt niets te kiezen (Interview)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Boo, de M.; Lenzholzer, S.

2010-01-01

Pleinen en straten worden geteisterd door gure windvlagen of je smelt juist weg als de zon flink schijnt. In haar proefschrift legt Sanda Lenzholzer uit dat ontwerpers meer rekening moeten houden met het microklimaat in de stad. Dat houdt ook de aso’s op afstand.

'Mastspuit met sensoren brengt middel effectiever aan' (onderzoek praktijkproeven PRI en PPO)

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Engels, A.; PPO BBF Boomkwekerij,; PRI,; Nieuwenhuizen, A.T.

2011-01-01

In mei 2011 starten Plant Research International (PRI), PPO Boomkwekerij en Damcon de eerste praktijkproeven met sensoren op de mastspuit. Dit prototype spuit alleen als het bladeren detecteert. Projectleider Ard Nieuwenhuizen van PRI is ervan overtuigd dat kwekers met zo'n type spuit middelen

Toerisme verrijkt? : een discussie over de relatie tussen toerisme en armoedebestrijding, inleiding

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Duim, van der V.R.

2005-01-01

Na ecotourism, duurzaam en verantwoord toerisme is er de laatste jaren een nieuwe loot aan de stam gegroeid: pro-poor tourism. Het wordt gedragen door organisaties als: World Tourism Organisation (tijdens de wereldtop in Johannesburg), de SNV (met zo'n 40 toeristische adviseurs over diverse landen

De neutrale waterstof in orion

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Woerden, Hugo van

1962-01-01

Doel van dit onderzoek was, gedetailleerde gegevens te verkrijgen over de structuur en beweging van wolken van waterstofgas in de ruimte tussen de sterren, in een gebied dat - beschouwd in verhouding tot de grootte van het Melkwegstelsel - in de nabijheid van de zon ligt....... Zie: Samenvatting

Een traditie herneemt zich - Over het belang van Aldo van Eyck

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Colenbrander, B.J.F.

1997-01-01

Zo'n zeven, acht jaar geleden veranderde Aldo van Eyck, overigens bij leven en welzijn, van een lijfelijk deelnemer aan de architectuurdiscussie in een historische figuur. Hij werd verguisd en gelauwerd. Met de Rekenkamer in Den Haag echter doet Van Eyck lang vergeten manifesten herleven. Gloort er

Visuele beperkingen bij ouderen in Nederland - risicogroepen en mogelijkheden tot interventie

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Limburg, J.J.H.; Keunen, J.E.E.; van Rens, G.H.M.B.

2009-01-01

Aim: To estimate the number of elderly people with visual impairment in The Netherlands, now and in the future. Possibilities for intervention are discussed. Methods and materials: Estimates are based on a recent report on behalf of Foundation InZicht, ZonMw, in which prevalence data from

[Targeted public funding for health research in the Netherlands].

Science.gov (United States)

Viergever, Roderik F; Hendriks, Thom C C

2014-01-01

The Dutch government funds health research in several ways. One component of public funding consists of funding programmes issued by the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw). The majority of ZonMw's programmes provide funding for research in specific health research areas. Such targeted funding plays an important role in addressing knowledge gaps and in generating products for which there is a need. Good governance of the allocation of targeted funding for health research requires three elements: a research agenda, an overview of the health research currently being conducted, and a transparent decision-making process regarding the distribution of funds. In this article, we describe how public funding for health research is organized in the Netherlands and how the allocation of targeted funds is governed. By describing the questions that the current model of governance raises, we take a first step towards a debate about the governance of targeted public funding for health research in the Netherlands.

'Het is stoer de Grönnegers wakker te kriegen' : de lotgevallen van de Grönneger Bond

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Voerman, Gerrit; Boersma, J. W.; Huussen, A. H.; van den Broek, J.F.J.; van Keulen, J.

1988-01-01

Zo'n tien jaar na de totstandkoming van de Fryske Nasjonale Party (FNP) in Friesland kreeg Groningen ook een politiek-regionale groepering. In 1974 werd de Gronneger Bond (GB) opgericht, die zich zou beijveren voor een federale staatsstructuur en voor meer ruimte voor de Groninger cultuur. Voor deze

Marx voor de 21e eeuw

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van der Linden, M.M.; van der Velden, S.

2008-01-01

Karl Marx werd 190 jaar geleden geboren en is 125 jaar dood. Zo'n man uit de voorvorige eeuw heeft die ons eigenlijk nog wel iets te zeggen? Zijn zijn denkbeelden niet totaal verouderd? Ik denk persoonlijk dat het antwoord krachtig NEE moet luiden. Marx is niet verouderd, integendeel.

Focus op Fans

NARCIS (Netherlands)

drs. Wil Michels; Yara Michels

2011-01-01

Eigenlijk is het heel eenvoudig. De meeste mensen maken graag iets bijzonders mee. Ze zijn nieuwsgierig, willen alles weten en weinig missen. En delen dat weer graag met anderen. Gemiddeld heeft iedereen zo'n 150 online en offline contacten aan wie ze een bijzonder verhaal kunnen doorgeven. En

Over de wiskunde die Google groot maakte

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Brandts, J.

2008-01-01

Google vindt in een oogwenk de meest relevante web-bladzijden over een bepaald onderwerp. Omdat het web uit zo'n tien miljard bladzijden bestaat is dit een enorm indrukwekkende prestatie: het lijkt eenvoudiger om een naald in een hooiberg te vinden. De kracht van Google schuilt in de mathematische

Snelheidslimieten op het fabrieksterrein van DSM te Geleen : advies uitgebracht aan de Begeleidingscommissie Projekt Verkeersgedrag.

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schreuder, D.A.

2012-01-01

De aan de SWOV gestelde vraag luidt: welke snelheidslimiet is voor de twee locaties van DSM in Geleen optimaal? De praktijk leert dat het uitsluitend instellen van een snelheidslimiet er niet toe leidt dat weggebruikers zich aan zo'n limiet zullen houden. Daarom dient te worden toegevoegd de vraag

Microcanon : wat je beslist moet weten over microbiologie

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Smit, H.; Doorn, van J.; Oost, van der J.; Reijnders, W.; Willemsen, P.T.J.

2011-01-01

Micro-organismen zijn onmisbaar voor het leven op aarde. De organismen zijn zo klein dat we ze niet zien, maar ze zijn des te belangrijk. Deze kleine organismen kunnen een positieve of negatieve invloed hebben. Soms klein, soms groot. De Microcanon geeft daarvan een goed beeld in zo'n zestig

Histone Code Modulation by Oncogenic PWWP-Domain Protein in Breast Cancers

Science.gov (United States)

2014-08-01

the pathogenesis of a wide range of human cancers, including colon, lung, glioblastoma and mela - noma (Ostman et al., 2006; Solomon et al., 2008...Beroukhim R, Mermel CH, Loda M, Ait-Si-Ali S, Garraway LA, Young RA and Zon LI. The histone methyltrans- ferase SETDB1 is recurrently amplified in mela

Investigation of toxigenic potential of fungal species by the use of simple screening method

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bočarov-Stančić Aleksandra S.

2009-01-01

Full Text Available Potential for the biosynthesis of aflatoxin B1 (AFLB1, ochratoxin A (OTA, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS, T-2 toxin (T2, and zearalenone (ZON was investigated in different fungal species belonging to the genera: Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium. The majority of investigated isolates originated from cereal grains, crushed oil soybean seed and fodder mixtures. The simple screening method developed by Filtenborg et al. (1983 was applied with few modifications concerning the type of the medium and cultivation temperature. In order to optimise the biosynthetic conditions for different mycotoxins, the following control cultures, known as mycotin producers were used: OTA - A. ochraceus CBS 108.08, DAS - F. semitectum (SL-B i SL-C, T2 - F. sporotrichioides (ITM-391, M-1-1, R-2301 and ZON - F. graminearum (GZ-LES. The fungi were cultivated on the standard medium (YESA - 2% yeast extract, 15% sucrose and 2% agar, pH 6.5, three modifications of the basic medium (YESAZn - the standard medium supplemented with 0.23 mg/l ZnSO4 x 5 H2O; PPSA - the medium in which yeast extract was replaced with peptone-1; PPSAZn - the medium in which yeast extract was replaced with peptone-1 and supplemented with 0.23 mg/l ZnSO4 x 5 H2O, and the potato-dextrose agar (PDA. The earlier biosynthesis of tested mycotoxins was recorded under the following cultivation conditions of fungal species: AFLB1 - after 14 days on PDA at 27±1°C, OTA - after 10 days on YESA and YESAZn at 27±1°C, DAS - after 10 days on PPSA and PPSAZn at 27±1°C, T2 - after 7 days on PPSAZn and PPSA at room temperature (20-24°C, and ZON - after 1 week on YESA and YESAZn at room temperature (21-24°C.

How place attachments influence recreation conflict and coping behavior

Science.gov (United States)

Cheng-Ping Wang; Yin-Hsun. Chang

2012-01-01

The purpose of this study was to explore how place attachment influences recreation conflict and coping behaviors based on the Transactional Stress/Coping Model. The interference between bikers and walkers in Bali Zon-An Park in Taipei County, Taiwan was investigated in May and June of 2007. A total of 384 valid questionnaires were collected.

Goed resultaat met Aquanox tegen meeldauw en botrytis

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sleegers, J.; Hofland-Zijlstra, J.D.

2011-01-01

De ontmanteling van de kas is in volle gang als we de foto maken. Een shovel rijdt voorbij als Ton en René Bekkers poseren. Zo'n 8,5 ha kas is sinds kort niet meer in gebruik. Toch verschijnt er een glimlach op de gezichten. "Een Bekkers lacht bijna altijd. Dat zit in onze genen." Beurtelings doen

Proceedings of the Navy Symposium on Aeroballistics (10th) Held at the Sheraton Motor Inn, Fredericksburg, Virginia on 15-16-17 July 1975. Volume 1

Science.gov (United States)

1975-07-17

crtcUtrm Cmai~d-IBody Combination in Supersonic Flow cr~C.Uor wix 4 cody crnimpu’-er progra~i waj appliod. the crciform ca1r-body cornhina~ion shown in -z...on Aeroballistics ft Vol.1I ’ i 1: PAPER NO. 6 I L WING PLATFORM STUDIES FOR A SPAN-CONSTRAINED MISSILE L. S. JERNELL W. C. SAWYER PAPER WITHDRAWN Li

Performance evaluation sun city (stad van de zon) Heerhugowaard, The Netherlands

OpenAIRE

de Keizer, A.C.; ter Horst, E.; van Sark, W.G.J.H.M.

2008-01-01

The “Stad van de Zon” (Sun City) residential area in Heerhugowaard, the Netherlands, , has been designed to be a net zero CO2 emissions area. This would be achieved by installing 3.75 MWp of photovoltaic systems, 100 hectares of forest and three wind turbines of 2.3 MW each. This will be the largest PV-related project in the world. Together with PV-projects in Alkmaar and Langedijk the project will have a total installed peak power of 5 MWp. The residential area has been built since 2002. 1.0...

Performance evaluation sun city (stad van de zon) Heerhugowaard, The Netherlands

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Keizer, A.C.; ter Horst, E.; van Sark, W.G.J.H.M.

2008-01-01

The “Stad van de Zon” (Sun City) residential area in Heerhugowaard, the Netherlands, , has been designed to be a net zero CO2 emissions area. This would be achieved by installing 3.75 MWp of photovoltaic systems, 100 hectares of forest and three wind turbines of 2.3 MW each. This will be the largest

Promõshlennõje zonõ ohvatil "mjortvõi sezon" / Ain Alvela

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Alvela, Ain, 1967-

2008-01-01

Arendajad on tehnoparkide rajamise ooterežiimile pannud - ostjaid jaguks, kuid võimalusi napib. Diagramm: Za pjat let stoimost zemli promõshlennogo naznatshenija võrosla v pjat raz; Tabel: Naiboleje dorogaja zemlja - v promparke Lasnamäe. Kommenteerivad Enn Tosso, Nikolai Pitshugov ja Urmas Ahven

AHP 45: Review: River

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Phun tshogs dbang rgyal ཕུན་ཚོགས་དབང་རྒྱལ།

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Zon thar rgyal says that inspiration for River came with the arrival of his second child (a son, which made his daughter very uncomfortable. "At first, I just wanted to make a simple movie for children as a gift for my daughter,"6 he said during an interview in Lha sa. Later, however, the film became more elaborate with the addition of a grandfather, creating a story that embraces three generations.

Horticulture Therapy for Persons with Dementia; Effects on Engagement and Affect

OpenAIRE

Gigliotti, Christina Marie

2003-01-01

The purpose of this paper is to integrate and synthesize the literature from the fields of Horticulture Therapy (HT) and therapeutic activities for persons with dementia using the theory of environmental press Utilizing horticulture as a treatment modality, the therapist can either modify the environment or the personâ s competence level or both to assist persons to reach the desired Adaptation Level (AL). The AL represents an appropriate person-environment fit, and attainment of this zon...

Patiëntveiligheid in de geestelijke gezondheidszorg en verslavingszorg: een eerste verkenning naar zorggerelateerde onbedoelde schade.

OpenAIRE

Peeters, M.; Langelaan, M.; Kok, I.; Wagner, C.

2009-01-01

Ook in GGZ en Verslavingszorg gaat het soms onbedoeld mis. Het Trimbos-instituut en het NIVEL hebben een eerste stap gezet naar patiëntveiligheidsonderzoek in deze sector. Veiligheidsonderzoek is al langer geaccepteerd en ingevoerd in de ziekenhuizen. In de geestelijke gezondheidszorg en verslavingszorg is dat nog niet het geval. Via het Landelijk Actieprogramma Kwaliteit in de GGZ/VZ van ZonMw werd subsidie gegeven voor een eerste verkennend onderzoek, analoog aan eerder onderzoek naar de om...

Determination of Mycotoxins in Brown Rice Using QuEChERS Sample Preparation and UHPLC–MS-MS

Science.gov (United States)

Jettanajit, Adisorn; Nhujak, Thumnoon

2016-01-01

QuEChERS sample preparation was optimized and validated using solvent extraction with 10% (v/v) acetic acid-containing acetonitrile in the presence of four salts (anh. MgSO4, NaCl, sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate and sodium citrate dibasic sesquihydrate) and dispersive solid-phase extraction with mixed sorbents (octadecylsilane, primary and secondary amine and silica sorbents) for an ultra high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric determination of nine mycotoxins in brown rice: aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2), fumonisins (FB1 and FB2), deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin A and zearalenone (ZON). Our developed method allows for the determination of trace levels of mycotoxins with method detection limits in the range of 1.4–25 µg/kg, below the maximum limits of EU regulations, and with an acceptable accuracy and precision, and recoveries in the range of 81–101% with relative standard deviations of 5–19% over a mycotoxin concentration range of 5.0–1,000 µg/kg. Six out of fourteen real samples of brown rice were found to be contaminated with at least one of these mycotoxins, ranging from 2.49–5.41 µg/kg of FB1, 4.33 ± 0.04 µg/kg of FB2 and 6.10–14.88 µg/kg of ZON. PMID:26796964

O VLIYANII GEOAKTIVNYKH ZON PRIRODNOGO I ISKUSSTVENNOGO PROISKHOZHDENIYA NA TOCHNOST' MARKSHEYDERSKIKH IZMERENIY [

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Aksenov Z.V.

2017-09-01

Full Text Available The conditions for the formation of anomalous surveying errors in the geoactive zones of the earth have been studied. The article shows that as a result of the impact of an artificial geoactive zone as a model of a geoactive zone (natural, natural, space can deform (exhibit nonlinearity, which can lead to significant anomalous errors in mine surveying and geodetic work. A series of experiments has been set up and carried out with a device that allows creating artificial geoactive zones as natural models. During the experiments it was shown that the instrumental and instrumental way in the field at all stages of operation of the mining enterprise may identify and take into account the error in the result of the impact of geo-active zones during surveying and geodetic works. The article shows that it is possible to take into account the anomalous properties of geoactive zones of the earth during surveying and geodetic work at all stages of the mining enterprise, increasing the safety of organization and conducting mining operations. The article concludes that when further studying the effect of the geoactive zone, it is possible to develop a scientifically grounded methodology for identifying and numerically taking errors as a result of the non-electromagnetic nature of radiation, and also that knowledge of the non-electromagnetic nature of radiation is extremely important for organizing and performing surveyor and geodetic works

Client perspective assessment of women?s satisfaction towards labour and delivery care service in public health facilities at Arba Minch town and the surrounding district, Gamo Gofa zone, south Ethiopia

OpenAIRE

Dewana, Zeritu; Fikadu, Teshale; G/ Mariam, Abebe; Abdulahi, Misra

2016-01-01

Background A woman?s satisfaction with labour and delivery care service has a good effect on her health and subsequent utilization of the services. Thus knowledge about women?s satisfaction on labour and delivery care used to enhances the services utilization. The objective of this study was to assess the satisfaction of women?s towards labour and delivery care service and identify factors associated it at public health facilities in Arba Minch town and the surrounding district, Gamo Gofa zon...

Marketing plan NOS: introducing pay per view

OpenAIRE

Pereira, Pedro Azeredo

2016-01-01

NOS, NOS Comunicações S.A., is a private telecommunications company of the portuguese market which is proud of being the “best communications and entertainment company in the market”. The company was born from a fusion between two of the biggest communications corporations in the country: on the fixed service (TV, fixed phone, fixed internet, etc.) from ZON; and on the mobile service (mobile phone, internet, etc.) from Optimus. It is a leader in all the sectors it operates. Bes...

Seguimiento a patógenos presentes en biosólido empleado como enmienda para revegetalizar un talud

OpenAIRE

López Sánchez, Idalia Jacqueline; Acevedo Cifuentes, Diana Rocío; Ordóñez Ante, Carlos Andrés

2010-01-01

Con el fin de evaluar la factibilidad del uso del biosólido como enmienda orgánica para el establecimiento de vegetación y el control de procesos erosivos superficiales activos, se seleccionó un corte de carretera ubicado sobrela Variante a Caldas (Antioquia). Para darle amarre y cobertura al suelo, se sembraron dos especies vegetales tipo pasto Brachiaria Decumbens y Kikuyo (Pennisetum clandestinum), utilizando biosólido proveniente de la PTAR San Fernando, mezclado con suelo de la zon...

我国西南地区肉禽配合饲料中霉菌毒素的污染分布规律%Mycotoxin Distribution of Meat-type Poultry Feeds in Southwest China

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

李雅伶; 张克英; 王建萍; 李云; 丁雪梅; 白世平; 曾秋凤; 程传民; 高庆军; 柏凡

2016-01-01

This experiment was conducted to study on the mycotoxins contamination of meat-type poultry feeds in southwest area of China.A total of 100 feed samples from different area ( Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Guangxi and Yunnan ) of southwest were obtained to determine the contents of aflatoxin B1 ( AFB1 ) , zearalenone ( ZON) , deoxynivalenol ( DON) and fumonisin ( FB) .To determine the contents of mycotoxins, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) and high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) were used.The results showed as follows: the detection rates of AFB1 , DON, ZON and FB in meat-type poultry feeds were 89%, 96%, 85%and 94.74%, respectively.The over-limit ratios of AFB1 and ZON were 18%and 5%, while DON and FB were not observed to exceed the limits.The average contents of AFB1 , DON and ZON in feed of different area were different, Chongqing had the highest average content of AFB1 ( 11.76 μg/kg) , Sichuan had the highest average content of DON ( 1.23 mg/kg) , and Yunnan had the high-est average content of ZON ( 0.26 mg/kg) .The highest average content of AFB1 was found in duckling starter feed, followed by broiler starter feed and broiler grower feed.The broiler starter feed had the highest average content of DON and FB.The average contents of these four mycotoxins had no difference in different feed type ( P>0.05) .The small-scale feed company ( between 20 000 t and 50 000 t per year) had higher average con-tent of AFB1 , DON and ZON than the big-scale feed company ( more than 100 000 t per year) , but there were no significant difference ( P>0.05) .In conclusion, the mycotoxin ( AFB1 , DON, ZON and FB) contamina-tion problem is common in southwest of China, with the AFB1 has the highest over-limit ratio.The contents of these four mycotoxins detected in the layers feed are influenced by different location, feed types and scales of the feed mills

Investigation of the role of gas hydrates in continental slope stability west of Fiordland, New Zealand

OpenAIRE

Crutchley, Gareth; Gorman, Andrew R.; Fohrmann, Miko

2007-01-01

Sediment weakening due to increased local pore fluid pressure is interpreted to be the cause of a submarine landslide that has been seismically imaged off the southwest coast of New Zealand. Data show a distinct and continuous bottom‐simulating reflection (BSR)—a seismic phenomena indicative of the presence of marine gas hydrate—below the continental shelf from water depths of c. 2400 m to c. 750 m, where it intersects the seafloor. Excess pore fluid pressure (EPP) generated in a free gas zon...

Bibliography on Cold Regions Science and Technology. Volume 33, Part 1 and Part 2

Science.gov (United States)

1979-12-01

Maine. tRazvitie issledovanil merzlykh zon zentrnol kory na coal deposit In Yakutia. tEffektivnaia sistema raz- Aincrne, S.A., Geophysics, Dec. 1978, 43...sands in the Central OhW River Pe. Shear strength of frozen ground at surfaces of udfreezing toC alculating 4 roa up v et s fo ’rst r stance and dry...3016 Cloud chambers Studying toc formation on reagcots aod ice crystal Effect of formation of the west antarctic ice sheet Icin9s test facilities at the

Yeast cell based feed additives: Studies on aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone

OpenAIRE

2011-01-01

Abstract Thirty commercially available yeast cell wall products and two reference bentonites were tested for their ability to bind aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and zearalenone (ZON) in buffer solutions at pH 3 and pH 6.5 as well as in real gastric juice. For most products, the binding efficacy of AFB1 correlated with the ash content which was between 2.6 and 89% and constituted the inorganic non-volatile components, like mineral clays, of the samples. Samples with smectite as main ash compo...

Effect of Environmental Factors on Fusarium Species and Associated Mycotoxins in Maize Grain Grown in Poland.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elżbieta Czembor

Full Text Available Maize is one of the most important crops and Poland is the fifth largest producing country in Europe. Diseases caused by Fusarium spp. can affect the yield and grain quality of maize because of contamination with numerous mycotoxins produced by these fungi. The present study was performed to identify the prevailing Fusarium species and the environmental factors affecting their frequencies and the contamination of grain with the main mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON, zearalenone (ZON and fumonisin B1 (FB1. Thirty kernel samples were collected in three locations in 2011 and in seven locations in 2012 from three hybrids. On average, 25.24% kernels were colonized by Fusarium spp. (424 strains were isolated. Fusarium verticillioides and F. temperatum were the most prevalent species, F. subglutinans, F. proliferatum and F. graminearum were in minor abundance. In total, 272 isolates of F. verticillioides and 81 isolates of F. temperatum were identified. Fusarium temperatum frequency ranged from 1.70% to 28.57% and differences between locations were significant. Fumonisin B1 was found in all tested samples. DON was found in 66.67% and ZON in 43.33% of samples. Rainfall amount positively affected F. temperatum and F. subglutinans frequency in opposite to mean temperatures in July. On the other hand, relationships between frequency of these species and historical data from 1950-2000 for annual temperature range were negative in contrast to the coldest quarter temperatures.

Effect of Environmental Factors on Fusarium Species and Associated Mycotoxins in Maize Grain Grown in Poland

Science.gov (United States)

Czembor, Elżbieta; Stępień, Łukasz; Waśkiewicz, Agnieszka

2015-01-01

Maize is one of the most important crops and Poland is the fifth largest producing country in Europe. Diseases caused by Fusarium spp. can affect the yield and grain quality of maize because of contamination with numerous mycotoxins produced by these fungi. The present study was performed to identify the prevailing Fusarium species and the environmental factors affecting their frequencies and the contamination of grain with the main mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZON) and fumonisin B1 (FB1). Thirty kernel samples were collected in three locations in 2011 and in seven locations in 2012 from three hybrids. On average, 25.24% kernels were colonized by Fusarium spp. (424 strains were isolated). Fusarium verticillioides and F. temperatum were the most prevalent species, F. subglutinans, F. proliferatum and F. graminearum were in minor abundance. In total, 272 isolates of F. verticillioides and 81 isolates of F. temperatum were identified. Fusarium temperatum frequency ranged from 1.70% to 28.57% and differences between locations were significant. Fumonisin B1 was found in all tested samples. DON was found in 66.67% and ZON in 43.33% of samples. Rainfall amount positively affected F. temperatum and F. subglutinans frequency in opposite to mean temperatures in July. On the other hand, relationships between frequency of these species and historical data from 1950–2000 for annual temperature range were negative in contrast to the coldest quarter temperatures. PMID:26225823

La globalización: tercera ola de expansión

OpenAIRE

Escobar, Luciano Hernán

2006-01-01

La globalización conforma la tercera ola de expansión de los países considerados centrales (poderosos) según cada momento histórico determinado. La primera ola tuvo lugar en el s. XV con el descubrimiento del nuevo mundo; se caracterizaba por la colonización, el asentamiento colonizador, la organización administrativa, etc. Sus actores centrales fueron Inglaterra, España y Portugal. La segunda ola se dio como consecuencia de la Revolución Industrial (fines de s. XVIII); se dirigió a zon...

Personalidad, psicopatología y rendimiento neuropsicológico de los consumidores rituales de ayahuasca

OpenAIRE

Bouso Saiz, José Carlos

2012-01-01

Descripció del recurs: 16 de gener de 2014 La ayahuasca es una decocción psicoactiva de origen amazónico elaborada con plantas que contienen el agonista de los receptores serotoninérgicos 5-HT2A N,N-dimetiltriptamina (DMT) y alcaloides inhibidores de la monoaminoxidasa (harmina, harmalina y tetrahidroharmina) que permiten que aquel sea activo por vía oral. La ingesta de ayahuasca es el elemento central de varias iglesias sincréticas brasileñas que han expandido sus prácticas rituales a zon...

Accuracies of fecal calprotectin, lactoferrin, M2-pyruvate kinase, neopterin and zonulin to predict the response to infliximab in ulcerative colitis.

Science.gov (United States)

Frin, Anne-Claire; Filippi, Jérôme; Boschetti, Gilles; Flourie, Bernard; Drai, Jocelyne; Ferrari, Patricia; Hebuterne, Xavier; Nancey, Stéphane

2017-01-01

Fecal markers might predict the response to anti-TNFα in ulcerative colitis (UC). To compare the performance of fecal calprotectin (fCal), lactoferrin (fLact), M2-PK (fM2-PK), neopterin (fNeo), and zonulin (fZon) to predict the response to therapy in active UC patients. Disease activity from 31 consecutive patients with an active UC, treated with infliximab (IFX) was assessed by the Mayo score at baseline and at week 14 and by the partial Mayo score at W52 and stool samples collected for fecal marker measurements at W0, W2, and W14. At W14, 19 patients (61%) were responders to IFX induction. The median levels of fCal, fLact and fM2-PK drop dramatically from baseline to W14 in clinical responders. At W2, fM2-PK, fLact and fCal levels predicted accurately the response to IFX induction. At W14, fLact, fCal, and fM2-PK were individually reliable markers to predict sustained response at W52. The performances of fNeo and fZon were weaker in this setting. The performance of fM2-PK at W2 to predict response to induction therapy with IFX was superior to that of fLact and fCal, whereas monitoring fLact was the best tool to predict adequately the course of the disease at one year under maintenance IFX in UC. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

[Institutional psychotherapy, caring for patients and the place of care].

Science.gov (United States)

Drogoul, Frank

2013-01-01

Institutional psychotherapy was developed in the specific context of the "assassination" of the Spanish revolution. There are two distinct movements or two periods. The first, based around Georges Daumézon and Henri Ey gave birth to the sector. The second, around FrançoisTosquelles and Jean Oury emphasised the asylum as the place of care. The function of institutional psychotherapy is to care not only for the patients but also the place of treatment. To fulfil this function, it has a tool box: transfer, the fight against the overvaluation of hierarchy as well as the function of the therapeutic club.

Evaluation of solar PV-projects of housing corporations; Evaluatie zon PV-projecten bij woningcorporaties

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kurstjens, M.J.H. [W/E Adviseurs, Utrecht (Netherlands)

2013-09-15

A study has been carried out to determine the failure and success factors with regard to the use of solar panels in the housing sector. Lessons learned from this evaluation form the basis for targeted communication and development of a guide for corporations. In the spring of 2013, stakeholders in eight representative initiatives in the Netherlands were interviewed. The failure and success factors are translated into recommendations to further develop tools for corporations [Dutch] Er is gezocht naar de faal- en succesfactoren rondom de toepassing van zonnepanelen in de woningbouwsector. Leerpunten uit deze evaluatie vormen de basis voor gerichte communicatie en ontwikkeling van (een) handreiking(en) voor corporaties. In het voorjaar van 2013 zijn betrokkenen bij acht representatieve initiatieven in Nederland geinterviewd. De faal- en succesfactoren zijn omgezet in aanbevelingen voor nader uit te werken hulpmiddelen voor corporaties.

On the effects of the Fusarium toxin deoxynivalenol (DON) administered per os or intraperitoneal infusion to sows during days 63 to 70 of gestation.

Science.gov (United States)

Goyarts, Tanja; Brüssow, Klaus-Peter; Valenta, Hana; Tiemann, Ute; Jäger, Kathrin; Dänicke, Sven

2010-05-01

Six pregnant sows of 180.6 ± 5.6 kg were fed either a Fusarium-contaminated (4.42 mg DON and 48.3 µg ZON per kg, DON per os, n = 3) or a control diet (0.15 mg DON and 5 µg ZON/kg) in the period of days 63 and 70 of gestation. On day 63 of gestation, sows fed the control diet were implanted with an intraperitoneal osmotic minipump (delivery rate of 10 µL/h, for 7 days) containing 50 mg pure (98%) DON in 2 ml 50% DMSO (DON ip, n = 3). Frequent plasma samples were taken to estimate the kinetics after oral and ip DON exposure. The intended continuous delivery of DON by the intraperitoneal minipump could not be shown, as there was a plasma peak (Cmax) of 4.2-6.4 ng DON/mL either immediately (sow IP-2+3) or 2.5 h (sow IP-1) after implantation of the pump followed by a one-exponential decline with a mean half-time (t1/2) of 1.75-4.0 h and only negligible DON plasma concentrations after 12 h. Therefore, the DON ip exposure has to be regarded as one single dose 1 week before termination of experiment. The DON per os sows showed a mean basis level (after achieving a steady state) of DON plasma concentration of about 6-8 ng/mL, as also indicated by the plasma DON concentration at the termination of the experiment. On day 70, caesarean section was carried out, the fetuses were killed immediately after birth, and samples of plasma, urine, and bile were taken to analyze the concentration of DON and its metabolite de-epoxy-DON. At necropsy there were no macroscopic lesions observed in any organ of either sows or piglets. Histopathological evaluation of sows liver and spleen revealed no alterations. The proliferation rate of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with or without stimulation was not affected by the kind of DON treatment. The exposure of pregnant sows at mid-gestation (days 63-70, period of organogenesis) to a Fusarium toxin-contaminated diet (4.42 mg DON and 0.048 mg ZON per kg) or pure DON via intraperitoneal osmotic minipump

A technical alpha-active aerosol express measurement system for volumetric activity monitoring.; Metodika ehkspressnogo opredeleniya ob`emnoj aktivnosti tekhnogennykh al`fa-aktivnykh aehrozolej.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Badovskij, V P; Dubar, L V; Tokarevskij, V V; Shevchenko, S V; Shcherbina, V G [Myizhgaluzevij Naukovo-Tekhnyichnij Tsentr ` ` Ukrittya ` ` , Natsyional` na Akademyiya Nauk Ukrayini, Chornobil` (Ukraine)

1994-12-31

A possibility of a volumetric aerosol activity determination at the level of MPCa for {sup 239} Pu with a measurement time less than 60 minutes is discussed. For achieving maximum reduction of the natural background the virtual impactor and alpha-spectroscopy are proposed to be employed. Results of investigation of the virtual impactor parameters at the << Shelter >> and at the laboratory are described.

Estat de conservació de la població d'abellerol Merops apiaster a Mallorca

OpenAIRE

Adrover, Jaume

2010-01-01

Estat de conservació de la població d’abellerol Merops apiaster a Mallorca. Un recompte efectuat el 2010 va localitzar 24 parelles d’abellerol a Mallorca. L’espècie hauria patit un sever retrocés de, com a mínim, un 53 % només en una dècada. El retrocés s’ha vist acompanyat d’una forta reducció areal. El gruix de la població es va localitzar a Son Bosc (Muro) amb un total de 15 de les 24 parelles. S’ha trobat una relació significativa entre el nombre de colònies i la distància respecte de zon...

Exploiting stock data: a survey of state of the art computational techniques aimed at producing beliefs regarding investment portfolios

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mario Linares Vásquez

2008-01-01

Full Text Available Selecting an investment portfolio has inspired several models aimed at optimising the set of securities which an in-vesttor may select according to a number of specific decision criteria such as risk, expected return and planning hori-zon. The classical approach has been developed for supporting the two stages of portfolio selection and is supported by disciplines such as econometrics, technical analysis and corporative finance. However, with the emerging field of computational finance, new and interesting techniques have arisen in line with the need for the automatic processing of vast volumes of information. This paper surveys such new techniques which belong to the body of knowledge con-cerning computing and systems engineering, focusing on techniques particularly aimed at producing beliefs regar-ding investment portfolios.

Evaluatie prenatale huisbezoeken JGZ ZonMw-project in het kader van programma ’Vernieuwing uitvoeringspraktijk jeugdgezondheidszorg’

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Vink, R.; Sleuwen, B. van; Boere-Boonekamp, M.

2013-01-01

Deze rapportage geeft de resultaten weer van de evaluatie van het aanbod van prenatale huisbezoeken door de jeugdverpleegkundige (PHB-JGZ). In een aantal regio’s bestaat de mogelijkheid om al tijdens de zwangerschap,meestal op indicatie van de verloskundige zorgverlener, prenatale huisbezoeken bij

Solar-driven refrigeration technologies; Koeltechnologieen op zonne-energie

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

De Cillis, S.; Infante Ferreira, C.A. [Technische Universiteit Delft, Delft (Netherlands); Krieg, J. [Unilever Foods and Health Research Institute, Vlaardingen (Netherlands)

2005-12-01

A review is presented of solar driven refrigeration technologies. A subdivision is made between electric driven and thermal driven systems. Their potential and stage of development are discussed. The electric driven systems include Stirling, thermo-acoustic, thermoelectric, electrochemical and membrane assisted absorption systems. The thermal driven systems include absorption and adsorption systems. A model is used to compare the performance of the different solutions. [Dutch] Dit artikel geeft een overzicht van zon-aangedreven koeltechnologieen. Er wordt onderscheid gemaakt tussen elektrisch en thermisch aangedreven systemen. Hun potentieel en niveau van ontwikkeling worden besproken. De elektrisch aangedreven systemen omvatten Stirling, thermo-akoestisch, thermo-elektrisch, elektrochemisch en membraanondersteund absorptiesystemen.De warmte-aangedreven systemen omvatten absorptie en adsorptie. Er wordt gebruik gemaakt van een model om de prestaties van de verschillende alternatieven onderling te vergelijken.

Corrosion in the wet-dry zone in a flue gas condenser; Korrosion i vaattorr zon i roekgaskondensor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nordling, Magnus; Roemhild, Stefanie; Bergman, Gunnar

2008-06-15

The corrosion resistance for a number of metallic and polymeric materials, in the environment of the inlet part of a flue gas condenser for a combustion plant, has been investigated. The combustion plants have been Igelstaverket and Bristaverket, for which the fuel has been mainly waste wood and biofuels, respectively. The materials were exposed in the dry and the wet zone, and also in the transfer zone in between. The metallic materials where stainless steels of the grades 17-10-2L, 2205, SAF2507 and 254SMO, all with a through weld joint, while the polymeric materials where fibre reinforced plastics (FRP) and glass-flake applied on carbon steel. The FRP materials had been formed partly by a traditional method and partly using new types of reinforcement materials, mainly based on carbon fibre, which where located in the surface layer. Also laminate with the special reinforcement of the type 3D-fabric was investigated. The investigation showed that all the metallic materials came off good under normal operating conditions when using biofuels, while 17-10-2L did not manage when using waste wood. The welds of 2205 showed a somewhat restricted corrosion resistance, otherwise being the best choice for waste wood plants when taking the material cost into consideration. FRP, as it seems, can be used successfully in the environments studied for combustion plants using biofuels. The results also indicate that the lifetime can be improved and the maintenance reduced by doing the correct choice of laminate structure and material compared to the laminates of the common type. The laminate structure, however, has to be adjusted to fulfil the demands given by the process environment. It should also further be pointed out that the good results for the flake coatings not necessarily would be the case for real use, where the walls are exposed to a temperature gradient. Finally, a conclusion, outside the initial purpose of the project, was that the addition of ammonium sulphate in Bristaverket in accordance with ChlorOut, contributed to the heavy coatings formed in the inlet part of a flue gas condenser of Bristaverket

Võbor tipa svobodnoi zonõ v Estonii = The choice of the free zone model in Estonia / Jana Tshernjavskaja

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tshernjavskaja, Jana

2004-01-01

Tollivabatsooni mõistest ja ülesannetest vastavalt Euroopa Liidu tollikoodeksile. Eestis tegutsevate vabatsoonide (Muuga, Sillamäe, Valga) vastavusse viimisest EL-i vabakaubanduspiirkondade tüüpidega

Mycobiota and mycotoxins in bee pollen collected from different areas of Slovakia.

Science.gov (United States)

Kačániová, Miroslava; Juráček, Miroslav; Chlebo, Róbert; Kňazovická, Vladimíra; Kadasi-Horáková, Miriam; Kunová, Simona; Lejková, Jadža; Haščík, Peter; Mareček, Ján; Simko, Milan

2011-01-01

Contamination by microscopic fungi and mycotoxins in different bee pollen samples, which were stored under three different ways of storing as freezing, drying and UV radiation, was investigated. During spring 2009, 45 samples of bee-collected pollen were gathered from beekeepers who placed their bee colonies on monocultures of sunflower, rape and poppy fields within their flying distance. Bee pollen was collected from bees' legs by special devices placed at the entrance to hives. Samples were examined for the concentration and identification of microscopic fungi able to grow on Malt and Czapek-Dox agar and mycotoxins content [deoxynivalenol (DON), T-2 toxin (T-2), zearalenone (ZON) and total aflatoxins (AFL), fumonisins (FUM), ochratoxins (OTA)] by direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The total number of microscopic fungi in this study ranged from 2.98 ± 0.02 in frozen sunflower bee pollen to 4.06 ± 0.10 log cfu.g(-1) in sunflower bee pollen after UV radiation. In this study, 449 isolates belonging to 21 fungal species representing 9 genera were found in 45 samples of bee pollen. The total isolates were detected in frozen poppy pollen 29, rape pollen 40, sunflower pollen 80, in dried poppy pollen 12, rape pollen 36, sunflower 78, in poppy pollen after UV radiation treatment 54, rape 59 and sunflower 58. The most frequent isolates of microscopic fungi found in bee pollen samples of all prevalent species were Mucor mucedo (49 isolates), Alternaria alternata (40 isolates), Mucor hiemalis (40 isolates), Aspergillus fumigatus (33 isolates) and Cladosporium cladosporioides (31 isolates). The most frequently found isolates were detected in sunflower bee pollen frozen (80 isolates) and the lowest number of isolates was observed in poppy bee pollen dried (12 isolates). The most prevalent mycotoxin of poppy bee pollen was ZON (361.55 ± 0.26 μg.kg(-1)), in rape bee pollen T-2 toxin (265.40 ± 0.18 μg.kg(-1)) and in sunflower bee pollen T-2 toxin

Bioanalytics of mycotoxins and development of dedicated analyte-selective molecularly imprinted materials for solid-phase extraction

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Jodlbauer, H.J.

2001-09-01

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by several fungal species, growing on agricultural products during cultivation, harvest, transport or storage. Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin of great natural abundance and can be found in various plant products. Due to its frequent occurrence and toxic properties many countries have set up tolerance levels for OTA. Thus, the need for sensitive analytical and in particular selective sample preparation methods for analyte enrichment and removal of interfering matrix compounds is obvious. Molecular imprinting generates polymeric matrices that can selectively recognize and bind target molecules. It was previously demonstrated that molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) can be employed in sample preparation. MIPs capable of recognizing OTA have been prepared using an analyte mimic approach. Crucial to the success was the introduction of a novel class of quinuclidine-derived functional monomers which utilize ionic binding increments and hydrophobic interactions for selective recognition of the target analyte and its mimics. Since optimization of SPE procedures demonstrated the convenient use of several solvent systems, the developed MIPs represents an enrichment for the field of mycotoxin analysis. Zeranol has been widely adopted as a growth stimulant for cattle and other animals due to its anabolic and estrogenic properties. Application of zeranol has been banned in the European Union since 1985. Researchers, however, found that the illegal administration of this anabolic agent may not be the only source of zeranol residues in biologically relevant matrices. Previously, it was demonstrated that zeranol was also formed in vivo from the mycotoxins zearalenone (ZON) and α-zearalenol that are carried over from mycotoxin contaminated feed into the animal body. A fast, robust and sensitive LC-MS method for the determination for these compounds in urine and tissue samples has been developed. Crucial for the achievement of low

Earth, Wind and Fire. Natural air conditioning. Part 2. Research results; Earth, Wind and Fire. Natuurlijke airconditioning. Deel 2. Onderzoeksresultaten

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bronsema, B. [Afdeling Architectural Engineering en Technology, Faculteit Bouwkunde, Technische Universiteit Delft TUD, Delft (Netherlands)

2013-07-15

The Earth, Wind and Fire concept transforms a building into a 'climate machine' which is powered by the natural forces and energy of the sun, wind, the mass of the earth and gravity. This second part provides a brief overview of the research. The full results are included in the thesis of the author [Dutch] Het Earth, Wind en Fire-concept voor natuurlijke airconditioning biedt meer zekerheid voor het realiseren van energieneutrale kantoorgebouwen dan mogelijk zou zijn door verbetering van bestaande technieken. Het concept maakt gebruik van de omgevingsenergie van aardmassa, wind en zon. In deel 1 worden de onderzoeksdoelen en -methoden van dit concept besproken. Dit deel 2 geeft een kort overzicht van de onderzoeksresultaten. De volledige resultaten van de basale en gedetailleerde modellen, de simulaties, de metingen in de fysieke modellen en het validatieproces zijn opgenomen in het proefschrift van de auteur.

Růst krystalů metodou visuté zonální tavby s optickým ohřevem

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Lejček, Pavel; Kopeček, Jaromír

2006-01-01

Roč. 51, č. 4 (2006), s. 116-119 ISSN 0447-6441 R&D Projects: GA AV ČR(CZ) IAA1010414 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z10100520 Keywords : crystal growth * floating zone technique * optical heating * iron base alloys Subject RIV: BL - Plasma and Gas Discharge Physics

The French Hy-Bird flies on solar energy and hydrogen; De Franse Hy-Bird vliegt op zon en waterstof

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Van Zutphen, E. [Service pour la Science et la Technologie, Ambassade du Royaume des Pays-Bas, Paris (France)

2009-05-15

French airplane manufacturer LISA Airplanes is working on the development of a two-person airplane that flies on a combination of solar energy and a fuel cell: the Hy-Bird. In 2008, LISA entered into a collaboration agreement with the Chinese solar cell manufacturer TrinaSolar. This agreement was recently expanded. The large advantage of the Hy-Bird: flying noiselessly and without local CO2 emission. An existing recreational airplane of own design was used as a basis, which is known for its energy efficiency and streamlining: the Akoya. Next, the airplane was equipped with a fuel; cell made of composites and the wings were covered with solar cells. (mk) [Dutch] De Franse vliegtuigbouwer LISA Airplanes werkt aan de ontwikkeling van een tweepersoons vliegtuig dat vliegt op een combinatie van zonne-energie en een brandstofcel: de Hy-Bird. In 2008 ging LISA een samenwerkingsverband aan met de Chinese zonnecelproducent TrinaSolar. Deze overeenkomst is onlangs uitgebreid. Het grote voordeel van de Hy-Bird: geluidarm vliegen zonder lokale CO2-uitstoot. Als basis dient een bestaand recreatievliegtuig van eigen ontwerp, bekend om zijn energiezuinigheid en stroomlijning: de Akoya. Vervolgens is het vliegtuig uitgerust met een brandstofcel gemaakt van composieten toe, en zijn de vleugels bekleed met zonnecellen.

Solar vision Amsterdam. Citizens and businesses go for the sun; Zonvisie Amsterdam. Burgers en bedrijven gaan voor de zon

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stam, T.; Diependaal, F.; Van ' t Hull, C.

2013-06-15

In the Solar Vision it is explained how the Amsterdam municipality plans to enable its citizens and businesses to realize their own solar energy project. The Solar Vision is prepared based on input from residents, businesses and institutions [Dutch] In de zonvisie staat hoe de gemeente Amsterdam haar burgers en bedrijven in staat wil stellen om hun eigen zonne-energieproject te realiseren. De zonvisie is mede opgesteld op basis van input van bewoners, bedrijven en instellingen.

Ecological and Geographical Selection of Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Р. А. Уразалієв

2009-10-01

Full Text Available As a result of the lead long-term selection works wint involving a World' s collection and intertype and intertype hybridization with purposeful selection on economic-biological attributes highly productive • grades of a winter wheat, with stability to various kinds of illnesses and high technological qualities of grain have been allocated. The adapted grades of a winter wheat for a various environment of various zones of the countries of the Central Asia that allows to realize potential opportunities of grades in different environments of cultivation and by that to prevent losses of a crop from biotic and abiotic stresses that allows to stabilize productivity and adaptability of culture in a zon winter husbandry are created. The long-term field experiences lead by us and laboratory analyses on a level of productivity, qualities of grain and stability to stresses allows to conclude, that alongside with a genotype, stabilityenvironmental conditions render strong and significant influence on all complex of selection attributes.

Selection of the optimal interpolation method for groundwater observations in lahore, pakistan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mahmood, K.; Ali, S.R.; Haider, A.; Tehseen, T.; Kanwal, S.

2014-01-01

This study was carried out to find an optimum method of interpolation for the depth values of groundwater in Lahore metropolitan, Pakistan. The methods of interpolation considered in the study were inverse distance weight (IDW), spline, simple Kriging, ordinary Kriging and universal Kriging. Initial analysis of the data suggests that the data was negatively skewed with value of skewness -1.028. The condition of normality was approximated by transforming the data using a box-cox transformation with lambda value of 3.892; the skewness value reduced to -0.00079. The results indicate that simple Kriging method is optimum for interpolation of groundwater observations for the used dataset with lowest bias of 0.00997, highest correlation coefficient with value 0.9434, mean absolute error 1.95 and root mean square error 3.19 m. Smooth and uniform contours with well described central depression zon in the city, as suggested by this studies, also supports the optimised interpolation method. (author)

Astures y cántabros bajo la administración romana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. M. BLÁZQUEZ

2009-11-01

Full Text Available Los cántabros y los astures fueron los últimos pueblos hispanos sometidos por Roma. La guerra de conquista terminó en el año 19. a.C. y fue llevada con gran ferocidad por ambas partes. Concretamente los territorios que se incorporaron al Imperio Romano fueron los de los cántabros y de los astures, algo más extensos que las actuales provincias de Astuturias y Santander. El ángulo NO., Galicia, había sido ya conquistado por la acción de César en el 61. a.C. (Dio Cass. 37, 52-53. Plut. Caes. 12, Zon. 10, 6. Gran parte del territorio vascón lo había sido ya antes durante la guerra sertoriana y de él hizo Pompeyo la base de sus operaciones (Plut. Sert. 21, fundando la ciudad de Pamplona, a la que el general romano dio su nombre.

Dedicated software for diffractive optics design and simulation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Firsov, A; Brzhezinskaya, M; Erko, A; Firsov, A; Svintsov, A

2013-01-01

An efficient software package for the structure design and simulation of imaging properties of diffraction optical elements has been developed. It operates with point source and consists of: the ZON software, to calculate the structure of an optical element in transmission and reflection; the KRGF software, to simulate the diffraction properties of an ideal optical element with point source; the DS software, to calculate the diffraction properties by taking into consideration material and shadowing effects. Optional software allows simulation with a real non-point source. Zone plate thickness profile, source shape as well as substrate curvature are considered in this calculation. This is especially important for the diffractive focusing elements and gratings at a total external reflection, given that the lateral size of the structure can be up to 1 m. The program package can be used in combination with the Nanomaker software to prepare data for ion and e-beam surface modifications and corrections.

Fusiones horizontales que reducen los precios

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Germán Coloma

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo elabora un modelo de equilibrio de un mercado con diferenciación ho ri zon tal de pro duc tos en el cual las em pre sas fi jan los pre cios de lasvariedades que proporcionan y, en ciertos casos, alguna de ellas actúa comolíder de precios. Dados esos elementos, el trabajo explora qué condicionesdeben darse para que una fusión o adquisición horizontal que aumenta laconcentración del mercado lleve a un equilibrio con menores precios de losque se da ban an tes de di cha fu sión o ad qui si ción. La cla ve para que estoacon tez ca es que el cam bio de es truc tu ra sir va para rom per una si tua ción deliderazgo previamente vigente, y que el nuevo grupo que se consolida no in -cremente de manera considera ble su poder de mercado.

The influence of the Al stabilizer layer thickness on the normal zone propagation velocity in high current superconductors

CERN Document Server

Shilon, I.; Langeslag, S.A.E.; Martins, L.P.; ten Kate, H.H.J.

2015-06-19

The stability of high-current superconductors is challenging in the design of superconducting magnets. When the stability requirements are fulfilled, the protection against a quench must still be considered. A main factor in the design of quench protection systems is the resistance growth rate in the magnet following a quench. The usual method for determining the resistance growth in impregnated coils is to calculate the longitudinal velocity with which the normal zone propagates in the conductor along the coil windings. Here, we present a 2D numerical model for predicting the normal zone propagation velocity in Al stabilized Rutherford NbTi cables with large cross section. By solving two coupled differential equations under adiabatic conditions, the model takes into account the thermal diffusion and the current redistribution process following a quench. Both the temperature and magnetic field dependencies of the superconductor and the metal cladding materials properties are included. Unlike common normal zon...

Zinc sorption in two vertisol and one aridisol series as affected by electrolyte concentration and sodium adsorption ratio

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hussein, A. A.; Elamin, E. A.; El Mahi, Y. E.

2002-01-01

The effects of electrolyte concentration (C) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) on zinc sorption was studied. Top soil samples (0-30 cm) were taken from soils representing three arid-zon smectitc sites in the Gezira Scheme (Sudan). The orders of these soils are vertisol (El-Hosh (now Wad El Ataya) and El-Suleimi) and aridisol (El-Laota). These soils had no previous history of zinc application, and were previously equilibrated with mixed NaCl-CaCl 2 solutions to render different levels of SAR and salt concentration. Zinc retention decreased as electrolyte concentration increased, where maximum sorption occurred at low electrolyte concentration soils having high pH and high negative charge. Sodium adsorption ratio had little effect on Zn sorption as precipitation prevailed at high pH. It was also found that the sorption capacity of three soils were similar despite the variation in CaCO 3 and clay contents, hence cation exchange capacity and surface area. The results indicated that Zn was more soluble in the saline phases of Gezira soils, whereas sodicity had little effect.(Author)

Overtreatment in couples with unexplained infertility.

Science.gov (United States)

Kersten, F A M; Hermens, R P G M; Braat, D D M; Hoek, A; Mol, B W J; Goddijn, M; Nelen, W L D M

2015-01-01

response rate was low compared with other fertility studies. Evaluation of possible selection bias showed that responders had a higher socio-economic status than non-responders. Our findings show that developing and publishing guideline recommendations on tailored expectant management (TEM) is not enough and that overtreatment still occurs frequently. Future research should focus on tailored efforts to implement guideline recommendations on TEM. Supported by Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMW). ZonMW had no role in designing the study, data collection, analysis and interpretation of data or writing of the report. Competing interests: none. www.trialregister.nl NTR3405. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Gas. Innovators talking; Gas. Innovators aan het woord

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-02-15

Qualitative studies have been conducted of the results of completed projects focused on energy innovation, spread over the seven themes of the top sector Energy: Energy saving in industry, Energy conservation in the built environment, Gas, Bio-energy, Smart grids, Offshore Wind, Solar PV. This provides insight into the follow-up activities and lessons of some EOS (Energy Research Subsidy) completed projects with the aim to inspire, connect and strengthen the TKIs (Topconsortia for Knowledge and Innovation) and individual companies and researchers working on energy innovation. This report concerns the research on gas [Dutch] Er is een kwalitatief onderzoek uitgevoerd naar de resultaten van afgeronde projecten gericht op energie-innovatie, verdeeld over de zeven thema's van de topsector Energie: Energiebesparing in de industrie; Energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving; Gas; Bio-energie; Smart grids; Wind op zee; Zon-pv. Daarmee wordt inzicht gegeven in de vervolgactiviteiten en lessen van een aantal afgesloten EOS-projecten (Energie Onderzoek Subsidie) met het oog op het inspireren, verbinden en versterken van de TKI's (Topconsortia voor Kennis en Innovatie) en individuele bedrijven en onderzoekers die werken aan energie-innovatie. Dit rapport betreft het onderzoek naar gas.

Offshore wind energy. Innovators talking; Wind op zee. Innovators aan het woord

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-02-15

Qualitative studies have been conducted of the results of completed projects focused on energy innovation, spread over the seven themes of the top sector Energy: Energy saving in industry, Energy conservation in the built environment, Gas, Bio-energy, Smart grids, Offshore Wind, Solar PV. This provides insight into the follow-up activities and lessons of some EOS (Energy Research Subsidy) completed projects with the aim to inspire, connect and strengthen the TKIs (Topconsortia for Knowledge and Innovation) and individual companies and researchers working on energy innovation. This report concerns the research on offshore wind energy [Dutch] Er is een kwalitatief onderzoek uitgevoerd naar de resultaten van afgeronde projecten gericht op energie-innovatie, verdeeld over de zeven thema's van de topsector Energie: Energiebesparing in de industrie; Energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving; Gas; Bio-energie; Smart grids; Wind op zee; Zon-pv. Daarmee wordt inzicht gegeven in de vervolgactiviteiten en lessen van een aantal afgesloten EOS-projecten (Energie Onderzoek Subsidie) met het oog op het inspireren, verbinden en versterken van de TKI's (Topconsortia voor Kennis en Innovatie) en individuele bedrijven en onderzoekers die werken aan energie-innovatie. Dit rapport betreft het onderzoek naar wind op zee.

Bio-energy. Innovators talking; Bio-energie. Innovators aan het woord

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-02-15

Qualitative studies have been conducted of the results of completed projects focused on energy innovation, spread over the seven themes of the top sector Energy: Energy saving in industry, Energy conservation in the built environment, Gas, Bio-energy, Smart grids, Offshore Wind, Solar PV. This provides insight into the follow-up activities and lessons of some EOS (Energy Research Subsidy) completed projects with the aim to inspire, connect and strengthen the TKIs (Topconsortia for Knowledge and Innovation) and individual companies and researchers working on energy innovation. This report concerns the research on bio-energy [Dutch] Er is een kwalitatief onderzoek uitgevoerd naar de resultaten van afgeronde projecten gericht op energie-innovatie, verdeeld over de zeven thema's van de topsector Energie: Energiebesparing in de industrie; Energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving; Gas; Bio-energie; Smart grids; Wind op zee; Zon-pv. Daarmee wordt inzicht gegeven in de vervolgactiviteiten en lessen van een aantal afgesloten EOS-projecten (Energie Onderzoek Subsidie) met het oog op het inspireren, verbinden en versterken van de TKI's (Topconsortia voor Kennis en Innovatie) en individuele bedrijven en onderzoekers die werken aan energie-innovatie. Dit rapport betreft het onderzoek naar bio-energie.

Smart Grids. Innovators talking; Smart Grids. Innovators aan het woord

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-02-15

Qualitative studies have been conducted of the results of completed projects focused on energy innovation, spread over the seven themes of the top sector Energy: Energy saving in industry, Energy conservation in the built environment, Gas, Bio-energy, Smart grids, Offshore Wind, Solar PV. This provides insight into the follow-up activities and lessons of some EOS (Energy Research Subsidy) completed projects with the aim to inspire, connect and strengthen the TKIs (Topconsortia for Knowledge and Innovation) and individual companies and researchers working on energy innovation. This report concerns the research on Smart Grids [Dutch] Er is een kwalitatief onderzoek uitgevoerd naar de resultaten van afgeronde projecten gericht op energie-innovatie, verdeeld over de zeven thema's van de topsector Energie: Energiebesparing in de industrie; Energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving; Gas; Bio-energie; Smart grids; Wind op zee; Zon-pv. Daarmee wordt inzicht gegeven in de vervolgactiviteiten en lessen van een aantal afgesloten EOS-projecten (Energie Onderzoek Subsidie) met het oog op het inspireren, verbinden en versterken van de TKI's (Topconsortia voor Kennis en Innovatie) en individuele bedrijven en onderzoekers die werken aan energie-innovatie. Dit rapport betreft het onderzoek naar Smart Grids.

Concentrated Solar Power as part of the European energy supply. The realization of large-scale solar power plants. Options, constraints and recommendations; Concentrated Solar Power als onderdeel van de Europese energievoorziening. De realisatie van grootschalige zonnecentrales. Mogelijkheden, obstakels en advies

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bouwmans, I.; Carton, L.J.; Dijkema, G.P.J.; Stikkelman, R.M.; De Vries, L.J. [Energy and Industry Group, Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, Delft (Netherlands)

2006-07-01

Next to solar cells and solar collectors for decentralized power generation Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) technology is available and proven for large-scale application of solar energy. However, after 20 years of demonstration projects and semi-commercial installations, CSP is still not widely used. In this quick-scan an overview is given of strong and weak points of CSP, as well as its' options and constraints with regard to a sustainable energy supply, focusing on technical, economical and administrative constraints and chances in Europe and European Union member states. [Dutch] Naast zonnecellen en zonnecollectoren voor decentrale opwekking is er een technologie die geschikt is voor grootschalige ontsluiting van de zon: Concentrated Solar Power, kortweg CSP. Bewezen in een aantal demonstratie- en pre-commerciele installaties blijft toepassing van deze technologie ook na 20 jaar beperkt. Daarom staat in deze notitie, die het resultaat is van een quickscan, de volgende vraag centraal: Wat zijn de sterktes, zwaktes, mogelijkheden en barrieres van CSP-technologie als onderdeel van een duurzame energievoorziening en welke technisch-economische en bestuurlijke barrieres en kansen zijn er voor Europa en de lidstaten van de EU?.

Smart Grids. Innovators talking; Smart Grids. Innovators aan het woord

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-02-15

Qualitative studies have been conducted of the results of completed projects focused on energy innovation, spread over the seven themes of the top sector Energy: Energy saving in industry, Energy conservation in the built environment, Gas, Bio-energy, Smart grids, Offshore Wind, Solar PV. This provides insight into the follow-up activities and lessons of some EOS (Energy Research Subsidy) completed projects with the aim to inspire, connect and strengthen the TKIs (Topconsortia for Knowledge and Innovation) and individual companies and researchers working on energy innovation. This report concerns the research on Smart Grids [Dutch] Er is een kwalitatief onderzoek uitgevoerd naar de resultaten van afgeronde projecten gericht op energie-innovatie, verdeeld over de zeven thema's van de topsector Energie: Energiebesparing in de industrie; Energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving; Gas; Bio-energie; Smart grids; Wind op zee; Zon-pv. Daarmee wordt inzicht gegeven in de vervolgactiviteiten en lessen van een aantal afgesloten EOS-projecten (Energie Onderzoek Subsidie) met het oog op het inspireren, verbinden en versterken van de TKI's (Topconsortia voor Kennis en Innovatie) en individuele bedrijven en onderzoekers die werken aan energie-innovatie. Dit rapport betreft het onderzoek naar Smart Grids.

Bio-energy. Innovators talking; Bio-energie. Innovators aan het woord

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-02-15

Qualitative studies have been conducted of the results of completed projects focused on energy innovation, spread over the seven themes of the top sector Energy: Energy saving in industry, Energy conservation in the built environment, Gas, Bio-energy, Smart grids, Offshore Wind, Solar PV. This provides insight into the follow-up activities and lessons of some EOS (Energy Research Subsidy) completed projects with the aim to inspire, connect and strengthen the TKIs (Topconsortia for Knowledge and Innovation) and individual companies and researchers working on energy innovation. This report concerns the research on bio-energy [Dutch] Er is een kwalitatief onderzoek uitgevoerd naar de resultaten van afgeronde projecten gericht op energie-innovatie, verdeeld over de zeven thema's van de topsector Energie: Energiebesparing in de industrie; Energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving; Gas; Bio-energie; Smart grids; Wind op zee; Zon-pv. Daarmee wordt inzicht gegeven in de vervolgactiviteiten en lessen van een aantal afgesloten EOS-projecten (Energie Onderzoek Subsidie) met het oog op het inspireren, verbinden en versterken van de TKI's (Topconsortia voor Kennis en Innovatie) en individuele bedrijven en onderzoekers die werken aan energie-innovatie. Dit rapport betreft het onderzoek naar bio-energie.

Offshore wind energy. Innovators talking; Wind op zee. Innovators aan het woord

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-02-15

Qualitative studies have been conducted of the results of completed projects focused on energy innovation, spread over the seven themes of the top sector Energy: Energy saving in industry, Energy conservation in the built environment, Gas, Bio-energy, Smart grids, Offshore Wind, Solar PV. This provides insight into the follow-up activities and lessons of some EOS (Energy Research Subsidy) completed projects with the aim to inspire, connect and strengthen the TKIs (Topconsortia for Knowledge and Innovation) and individual companies and researchers working on energy innovation. This report concerns the research on offshore wind energy [Dutch] Er is een kwalitatief onderzoek uitgevoerd naar de resultaten van afgeronde projecten gericht op energie-innovatie, verdeeld over de zeven thema's van de topsector Energie: Energiebesparing in de industrie; Energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving; Gas; Bio-energie; Smart grids; Wind op zee; Zon-pv. Daarmee wordt inzicht gegeven in de vervolgactiviteiten en lessen van een aantal afgesloten EOS-projecten (Energie Onderzoek Subsidie) met het oog op het inspireren, verbinden en versterken van de TKI's (Topconsortia voor Kennis en Innovatie) en individuele bedrijven en onderzoekers die werken aan energie-innovatie. Dit rapport betreft het onderzoek naar wind op zee.

Energy conservation in the built environment. Innovators talking; Energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving. Innovators aan het woord

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-02-15

Qualitative studies have been conducted of the results of completed projects focused on energy innovation, spread over the seven themes of the top sector Energy: Energy saving in industry, Energy conservation in the built environment, Gas, Bio-energy, Smart grids, Offshore Wind, Solar PV. This provides insight into the follow-up activities and lessons of some EOS (Energy Research Subsidy) completed projects with the aim to inspire, connect and strengthen the TKIs (Topconsortia for Knowledge and Innovation) and individual companies and researchers working on energy innovation. This report concerns the research on energy conservation in the built environment [Dutch] Er is een kwalitatief onderzoek uitgevoerd naar de resultaten van afgeronde projecten gericht op energie-innovatie, verdeeld over de zeven thema's van de topsector Energie: Energiebesparing in de industrie; Energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving; Gas; Bio-energie; Smart grids; Wind op zee; Zon-pv. Daarmee wordt inzicht gegeven in de vervolgactiviteiten en lessen van een aantal afgesloten EOS-projecten (Energie Onderzoek Subsidie) met het oog op het inspireren, verbinden en versterken van de TKI's (Topconsortia voor Kennis en Innovatie) en individuele bedrijven en onderzoekers die werken aan energie-innovatie. Dit rapport betreft het onderzoek naar energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving.

Energy conservation in the industry. Innovators talking; Energiebesparing in de industrie. Innovators aan het woord

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-02-15

Qualitative studies have been conducted of the results of completed projects focused on energy innovation, spread over the seven themes of the top sector Energy: Energy saving in industry, Energy conservation in the built environment, Gas, Bio-energy, Smart grids, Offshore Wind, Solar PV. This provides insight into the follow-up activities and lessons of some EOS (Energy Research Subsidy) completed projects with the aim to inspire, connect and strengthen the TKIs (Topconsortia for Knowledge and Innovation) and individual companies and researchers working on energy innovation. This report concerns the research on energy conservation in the industry [Dutch] Er is een kwalitatief onderzoek uitgevoerd naar de resultaten van afgeronde projecten gericht op energie-innovatie, verdeeld over de zeven thema's van de topsector Energie: Energiebesparing in de industrie; Energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving; Gas; Bio-energie; Smart grids; Wind op zee; Zon-pv. Daarmee wordt inzicht gegeven in de vervolgactiviteiten en lessen van een aantal afgesloten EOS-projecten (Energie Onderzoek Subsidie) met het oog op het inspireren, verbinden en versterken van de TKI's (Topconsortia voor Kennis en Innovatie) en individuele bedrijven en onderzoekers die werken aan energie-innovatie. Dit rapport betreft het onderzoek naar energiebesparing in de industrie.

Gas. Innovators talking; Gas. Innovators aan het woord

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-02-15

Qualitative studies have been conducted of the results of completed projects focused on energy innovation, spread over the seven themes of the top sector Energy: Energy saving in industry, Energy conservation in the built environment, Gas, Bio-energy, Smart grids, Offshore Wind, Solar PV. This provides insight into the follow-up activities and lessons of some EOS (Energy Research Subsidy) completed projects with the aim to inspire, connect and strengthen the TKIs (Topconsortia for Knowledge and Innovation) and individual companies and researchers working on energy innovation. This report concerns the research on gas [Dutch] Er is een kwalitatief onderzoek uitgevoerd naar de resultaten van afgeronde projecten gericht op energie-innovatie, verdeeld over de zeven thema's van de topsector Energie: Energiebesparing in de industrie; Energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving; Gas; Bio-energie; Smart grids; Wind op zee; Zon-pv. Daarmee wordt inzicht gegeven in de vervolgactiviteiten en lessen van een aantal afgesloten EOS-projecten (Energie Onderzoek Subsidie) met het oog op het inspireren, verbinden en versterken van de TKI's (Topconsortia voor Kennis en Innovatie) en individuele bedrijven en onderzoekers die werken aan energie-innovatie. Dit rapport betreft het onderzoek naar gas.

Energy conservation in the built environment. Innovators talking; Energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving. Innovators aan het woord

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-02-15

Qualitative studies have been conducted of the results of completed projects focused on energy innovation, spread over the seven themes of the top sector Energy: Energy saving in industry, Energy conservation in the built environment, Gas, Bio-energy, Smart grids, Offshore Wind, Solar PV. This provides insight into the follow-up activities and lessons of some EOS (Energy Research Subsidy) completed projects with the aim to inspire, connect and strengthen the TKIs (Topconsortia for Knowledge and Innovation) and individual companies and researchers working on energy innovation. This report concerns the research on energy conservation in the built environment [Dutch] Er is een kwalitatief onderzoek uitgevoerd naar de resultaten van afgeronde projecten gericht op energie-innovatie, verdeeld over de zeven thema's van de topsector Energie: Energiebesparing in de industrie; Energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving; Gas; Bio-energie; Smart grids; Wind op zee; Zon-pv. Daarmee wordt inzicht gegeven in de vervolgactiviteiten en lessen van een aantal afgesloten EOS-projecten (Energie Onderzoek Subsidie) met het oog op het inspireren, verbinden en versterken van de TKI's (Topconsortia voor Kennis en Innovatie) en individuele bedrijven en onderzoekers die werken aan energie-innovatie. Dit rapport betreft het onderzoek naar energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving.

Energy conservation in the industry. Innovators talking; Energiebesparing in de industrie. Innovators aan het woord

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2013-02-15

Qualitative studies have been conducted of the results of completed projects focused on energy innovation, spread over the seven themes of the top sector Energy: Energy saving in industry, Energy conservation in the built environment, Gas, Bio-energy, Smart grids, Offshore Wind, Solar PV. This provides insight into the follow-up activities and lessons of some EOS (Energy Research Subsidy) completed projects with the aim to inspire, connect and strengthen the TKIs (Topconsortia for Knowledge and Innovation) and individual companies and researchers working on energy innovation. This report concerns the research on energy conservation in the industry [Dutch] Er is een kwalitatief onderzoek uitgevoerd naar de resultaten van afgeronde projecten gericht op energie-innovatie, verdeeld over de zeven thema's van de topsector Energie: Energiebesparing in de industrie; Energiebesparing in de gebouwde omgeving; Gas; Bio-energie; Smart grids; Wind op zee; Zon-pv. Daarmee wordt inzicht gegeven in de vervolgactiviteiten en lessen van een aantal afgesloten EOS-projecten (Energie Onderzoek Subsidie) met het oog op het inspireren, verbinden en versterken van de TKI's (Topconsortia voor Kennis en Innovatie) en individuele bedrijven en onderzoekers die werken aan energie-innovatie. Dit rapport betreft het onderzoek naar energiebesparing in de industrie.

Flexible single molecule simulation of reaction-diffusion processes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hellander, Stefan; Loetstedt, Per

2011-01-01

An algorithm is developed for simulation of the motion and reactions of single molecules at a microscopic level. The molecules diffuse in a solvent and react with each other or a polymer and molecules can dissociate. Such simulations are of interest e.g. in molecular biology. The algorithm is similar to the Green's function reaction dynamics (GFRD) algorithm by van Zon and ten Wolde where longer time steps can be taken by computing the probability density functions (PDFs) and then sample from the distribution functions. Our computation of the PDFs is much less complicated than GFRD and more flexible. The solution of the partial differential equation for the PDF is split into two steps to simplify the calculations. The sampling is without splitting error in two of the coordinate directions for a pair of molecules and a molecule-polymer interaction and is approximate in the third direction. The PDF is obtained either from an analytical solution or a numerical discretization. The errors due to the operator splitting, the partitioning of the system, and the numerical approximations are analyzed. The method is applied to three different systems involving up to four reactions. Comparisons with other mesoscopic and macroscopic models show excellent agreement.

High throughput proteomic analysis of the secretome in an explant model of articular cartilage inflammation

Science.gov (United States)

Clutterbuck, Abigail L.; Smith, Julia R.; Allaway, David; Harris, Pat; Liddell, Susan; Mobasheri, Ali

2011-01-01

This study employed a targeted high-throughput proteomic approach to identify the major proteins present in the secretome of articular cartilage. Explants from equine metacarpophalangeal joints were incubated alone or with interleukin-1beta (IL-1β, 10 ng/ml), with or without carprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, for six days. After tryptic digestion of culture medium supernatants, resulting peptides were separated by HPLC and detected in a Bruker amaZon ion trap instrument. The five most abundant peptides in each MS scan were fragmented and the fragmentation patterns compared to mammalian entries in the Swiss-Prot database, using the Mascot search engine. Tryptic peptides originating from aggrecan core protein, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), fibronectin, fibromodulin, thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), clusterin (CLU), cartilage intermediate layer protein-1 (CILP-1), chondroadherin (CHAD) and matrix metalloproteinases MMP-1 and MMP-3 were detected. Quantitative western blotting confirmed the presence of CILP-1, CLU, MMP-1, MMP-3 and TSP-1. Treatment with IL-1β increased MMP-1, MMP-3 and TSP-1 and decreased the CLU precursor but did not affect CILP-1 and CLU levels. Many of the proteins identified have well-established extracellular matrix functions and are involved in early repair/stress responses in cartilage. This high throughput approach may be used to study the changes that occur in the early stages of osteoarthritis. PMID:21354348

Gaussian approximation to single particle correlations at and below the picosecond scale for Lennard-Jones and nanoparticle fluids

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Van Zon, Ramses; Ashwin, S S; Cohen, E G D

2008-01-01

To describe short time (picosecond) and small scale (nanometre) transport in fluids, a Green's function approach was recently developed. This approach relies on an expansion of the distribution of single particle displacements around a Gaussian function, yielding an infinite series of correction terms. Applying a recent theorem (van Zon and Cohen 2006 J. Stat. Phys. 123 1–37) shows that for sufficiently small times the terms in this series become successively smaller, so that truncating the series near or at the Gaussian level might provide a good approximation. In this paper, we derive a theoretical estimate for the time scale at which truncating the series at or near the Gaussian level could be supposed to be accurate for equilibrium nanoscale systems. In order to numerically estimate this time scale, the coefficients for the first few terms in the series are determined in computer simulations for a Lennard-Jones (LJ) fluid, an isotopic LJ mixture and a suspension of a LJ-based model of nanoparticles in a LJ fluid. The results suggest that for LJ fluids an expansion around a Gaussian is accurate at time scales up to a picosecond, while for nanoparticles in suspension (a nanofluid), the characteristic time scale up to which the Gaussian is accurate becomes of the order of 5–10 ps. (invited article)

Sustainable Energy for All. Inaugural speech; Een duurzame energievoorziening voor iedereen. Intreerede

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Van Wijk, A.J.M.

2011-12-07

According to the author, there is no energy crisis; nor is there an energy shortage. Three observations illustrate this proposition: (1) We are wasting about 98% of our energy; (2) In one hour, the earth receives more energy from the sun than we consume worldwide in one year; and (3) sustainable energy is all around us. Next, the observations are elaborated and a plan is launched to set up a Green Campus: a living lab, an inspiring place where businesses and university can meet and a place where everyone can get an impression of the energy systems of the future. This way the author is hoping to take a next, important step in the realization of his dream, which is a sustainable energy system for all [Dutch] De auteur stelt dat er geen energiecrisis, geen energietekort is. Drie observaties illustreren deze stelling: (1) We verspillen ruwweg 98% van onze energie; (2) In een uur ontvangt de aarde meer energie van de zon, dan we wereldwijd in een jaar verbruiken; en (3) Duurzame energie is overal rond om ons heen. Vervolgens worden de observaties toegelicht en een plan gelanceerd om een Green Campus op te zetten: een living lab, een inspirerende plek waar bedrijven en universiteit elkaar ontmoeten en een plek waar een ieder een beeld kan krijgen op de energiesystemen van de toekomst. Daarmee hoopt de auteur een volgende en belangrijke stap te zetten in de realisatie van zijn droom, een duurzame energievoorziening voor iedereen.

Heat pumps and solar water heaters in the City of the Sun. Financing and cost effectiveness; Warmtepompen en zonneboilers in de Stad van de Zon. Financiering en rentabiliteit

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Scheepers, M.J.J.; De Raad, A. [ECN-Beleidsstudies, Petten (Netherlands)

2000-07-01

The results of a study on the financing and cost effectiveness of the use of heat pumps and solar boilers in low-energy dwellings are presented. The investigation was carried out under the condition that costs for the occupants are not higher than the cost for the use of a gas-fired condensing boiler.

Sustainable towards a second gas revolution. The Groningen Way; Duurzaam op weg naar een tweede gasrevolutie. De Groningen Way

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Euverink, G.J.; Van Gemert, W.J.T.; Groeneveld, M.J.W.; Stokman, F.N.; Visser, C.

2013-10-15

The authors suggest to give the Dutch province Groningen a pioneering role in the energy transition, in which aboveground biogas production must be stimulated, and thus natural gas reserves can be left untouched. For that, the produced gas must be transferred to 'green' gas to be able to mix it into the natural gas distribution system. The applied techniques which the authors propose are based on power-to-gas, for which a surplus of sustainably produced energy (e.g. solar and wind energy) is used to generate hydrogen from the electrolysis of water. From hydrogen and CO2 'green' gas can be produced. In addition, the authors suggest to improve green gas installations which produce gas from sewage sludge and organic waste. This can be done using biological enzymes [Dutch] De auteurs stellen voor om de provincie Groningen een voortrekkersrol te geven in de energietransitie, waarbij bovengrondse biogasproductie gestimuleerd moet worden, zodat het huidige aardgas gewoon in de bodem kan blijven zitten. Daarbij moet het gas wel worden opgewerkt tot groen gas, zodat het rechtstreeks aan het aardgasnet geleverd kan worden. De technieken die de wetenschappers daarbij voorstellen is de gebruikmaking van Power-to-gas, waarbij overtollig duurzaam geproduceerde energie, uit bijvoorbeeld zon en wind, wordt gebruikt om uit water waterstof te maken. Door die waterstof vervolgens met CO2 te verbinden, kan er er groen gas van worden gemaakt. Daarnaast stelt de denktank verbeterde groengasinstallaties voor die gas halen uit rioolslib en biologisch afval. Dit kan met behulp van biologische enzymen die zelf hoge druk opbouwen.

Induction of labour versus expectant monitoring for gestational hypertension or mild pre-eclampsia after 36 weeks' gestation (HYPITAT): a multicentre, open-label randomised controlled trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Koopmans, Corine M; Bijlenga, Denise; Groen, Henk; Vijgen, Sylvia M C; Aarnoudse, Jan G; Bekedam, Dick J; van den Berg, Paul P; de Boer, Karin; Burggraaff, Jan M; Bloemenkamp, Kitty W M; Drogtrop, Addy P; Franx, Arie; de Groot, Christianne J M; Huisjes, Anjoke J M; Kwee, Anneke; van Loon, Aren J; Lub, Annemiek; Papatsonis, Dimitri N M; van der Post, Joris A M; Roumen, Frans J M E; Scheepers, Hubertina C J; Willekes, Christine; Mol, Ben W J; van Pampus, Maria G

2009-09-19

Robust evidence to direct management of pregnant women with mild hypertensive disease at term is scarce. We investigated whether induction of labour in women with a singleton pregnancy complicated by gestational hypertension or mild pre-eclampsia reduces severe maternal morbidity. We undertook a multicentre, parallel, open-label randomised controlled trial in six academic and 32 non-academic hospitals in the Netherlands between October, 2005, and March, 2008. We enrolled patients with a singleton pregnancy at 36-41 weeks' gestation, and who had gestational hypertension or mild pre-eclampsia. Participants were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio by block randomisation with a web-based application system to receive either induction of labour or expectant monitoring. Masking of intervention allocation was not possible. The primary outcome was a composite measure of poor maternal outcome--maternal mortality, maternal morbidity (eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, pulmonary oedema, thromboembolic disease, and placental abruption), progression to severe hypertension or proteinuria, and major post-partum haemorrhage (>1000 mL blood loss). Analysis was by intention to treat and treatment effect is presented as relative risk. This study is registered, number ISRCTN08132825. 756 patients were allocated to receive induction of labour (n=377 patients) or expectant monitoring (n=379). 397 patients refused randomisation but authorised use of their medical records. Of women who were randomised, 117 (31%) allocated to induction of labour developed poor maternal outcome compared with 166 (44%) allocated to expectant monitoring (relative risk 0.71, 95% CI 0.59-0.86, phypertensive disease beyond 37 weeks' gestation. ZonMw.

Earth, Wind and Fire. Natural air conditioning; Earth, Wind and Fire. Natuurlijke airconditioning

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bronsema, B.

2013-06-07

Starting point for the Earth, Wind and Fire research, of which the sub-concepts of Ventec roof, Climate Cascade and Solar Chimney are an integral part of the (Architectural) building design, are the following hypotheses: (1) An integrated approach of Architecture / Constructions and Climate Design is capable of using the available ambient energy in the form of earth mass, wind, and sun, to condition the air mainly naturally in a building; (2) The sub-concepts can be modeled and validated, in order to be able to reliably support the design process in practice; and (3) The sub-concepts can individually or in combination contribute to the realization of zero energy buildings [Dutch] Airconditioning van gebouwen kan volledig met natuurlijke middelen, zonder mechanische ventilatie. Dat stelt de auteur in zijn proefschrift. Hij wil met vallend water, zon en wind een energiepositief kantoor realiseren. Bronsema is nu op zoek naar een gebouw voor een grootschalige praktijkproef met zijn Earth, Wind and Fire-concept. Het systeem bestaat uit drie hoofdonderdelen: het Ventecdak, de Klimaatcascade en de Zonneschoorsteen. Het Ventecdak zorgt voor aanvoer van verse en afvoer van vuile lucht door gebruikmaking van over- en onderdrukken. Die lucht wordt via de klimaatcascade toegevoerd en via een Zonneschoorsteen afgevoerd. Een mock-up van de Zonneschoorsteen is gerealiseerd als een elf meter hoge toren, die met opgevangen warmte van invallend zonlicht ventilatielucht verwarmt. Het op gang brengen van de luchtstroom gebeurt in de Klimaatcascade. Dit is een bouwkundige schacht waarin van bovenaf waterdruppels worden gesproeid waarmee de lucht kan worden gekoeld of verwarmd.

Comparison of Post Operative Early Active and Passive Mobillization of Flexor Tendon in Zone 2

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fereidoun Layeghi

2003-12-01

Full Text Available Objective: Despite numerous advances in our understanding of the anatomy, Biomechanics, nutrition and Healing, the result Following Fiewor Tendon repair Shiow relatively high rate of failure the purpost of this study was to compare the result of 50 digits treated by either ‘‘Early active mobilization’’ or ‘‘controlled passive mobilization’’ re gimen in Ivan hand rehabilitation center. Materials & Mathods: Pationt being matched for gende, age, injuries hand, technique of srgery (all with eqitenon first, four strand in two groups. They were assessed 8 week postoperatibg in respect of total active motion, flexion gap and extension lags. Outcome were defined using ‘‘Strickland’’ and ‘’ Buck – Gramko’’ criteria. Results: The result were 80% excellent and good, 20% fair and no poor in early active motion group and in second group 40% excellent and good, 44% fair and 16% poor due to Strickland criteria. In buck-grancko criteria 52% extension and good, 32% fair and 16% were poor. Mean of total active motion was significantly greater in early active motion group (in E.A.M.150/2, in passive group: 116/41. Conclusion: Actively mobilized tendon underwent intrinsic healing without large gap formation. Active motion generated bith tension and motion and offer several advantage over passive motion: improved tendon nutrition, less adhission, higher rate of healing, increased ultimate rang of motion. So early active motion is the best protocle for treating tendons in zons 2 our result is comparable with theory.

Strategia integrării economiei românești în Uniunea Europeană

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mihaela LUȚAȘ

1999-01-01

Full Text Available Confruntată cu existenţa unor dezechilibre macroeconomice majore, cu existenţa unor capacităţi de producţie învechite şi necompetitive, cu lipsa unei infrastructuri moderne, cu un grad scăzut de dezvoltare a pieţei factorilor de producţie, cu fragilitatea structurilor instituţional-legislative, cu o productivitate a muncii mult scăzută comparativ cu celelalte state din zonă dar şi cu deteriorarea factorilor naturali prin aplicarea de-a lungul timpului de măsuri antiecologice, cu lipsa unui sector bancar şi de asigurări extins, cu inexistenţa unui model clar structurat al economiei de piaţă spre care ne îndreptăm precum şi cu perceperea complet greşită a pluralismului politic şi a democraţiei, economia românească a fost obligată să facă faţă, în ultimii nouă ani, unui set de provocări paralele: de natură politică, dictată de trecerea spre democraţie, pluralism politic, existenţa şi funcţionarea statului de drept: de natură strategico-militară, dictată de nevoia de securitate în interior şi în relaţiile cu partenerii şi de natură economică, dictată de înlocuirea economiei de comandă cu un tip nou de organizare economică.

[Elderly people with visual impairment in The Netherlands].

Science.gov (United States)

Limburg, J J; Keunen, J E E; van Rens, G H M B

2009-09-01

To estimate the number of elderly people with visual impairment in The Netherlands, now and in the future. Possibilities for intervention are discussed. Estimates are based on a recent report on behalf of Foundation InZicht, ZonMw, in which prevalence data from population-based studies on blindness and low vision and its causes in The Netherlands, western Europe, The United States and Australia are related to the latest demographic data for The Netherlands. Of the 16.4 million Dutch in 2008 2.4 million (14.7%) are 65 years of age and older. Of this last group 155,000 persons are living in nursing homes or residential homes, the others are living in their own homes. In 2008 an estimated 77,000 persons are blind and 234,000 have low vision. Of them 79% is 65 years of age or older. Of the older people in care institutions 20% is blind (32,000) and 22% has low vision (34,000). In 62% of them the visual impairment is treatable or could have been prevented ('avoidable'). Of the older people living independently 1.2% is blind (27,000) and 6.8% has low vision (154,000). In 57% of them the affliction is avoidable. In 2008 247,000 elderly suffer from a visual impairment that could have been treated or prevented in 143,000 (58%) of them. Screening and treatment of elderly in care institutions seems indicated, as is health education to and goal-oriented screening of elderly who live independently.

Nástroje korektivního a zonálního leštění pro přípravu asférických povrchů

Czech Academy of Sciences Publication Activity Database

Václavík, Jan; Lédl, Vít

2011-01-01

Roč. 56, č. 9 (2011), s. 237-241 ISSN 0447-6441 R&D Projects: GA MŠk(CZ) ED2.1.00/03.0079 Institutional research plan: CEZ:AV0Z20430508 Keywords : Zonal polishing * polishing instruments * asferic surfaces Subject RIV: JP - Industrial Processing

The HysNiche trial: hysteroscopic resection of uterine caesarean scar defect (niche) in patients with abnormal bleeding, a randomised controlled trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Vervoort, A J M W; Van der Voet, L F; Witmer, M; Thurkow, A L; Radder, C M; van Kesteren, P J M; Quartero, H W P; Kuchenbecker, W K H; Bongers, M Y; Geomini, P M A J; de Vleeschouwer, L H M; van Hooff, M H A; van Vliet, H A A M; Veersema, S; Renes, W B; van Meurs, H S; Bosmans, J; Oude Rengerink, K; Brölmann, H A M; Mol, B W J; Huirne, J A F

2015-11-12

A caesarean section (CS) can cause a defect or disruption of the myometrium at the site of the uterine scar, called a niche. In recent years, an association between a niche and postmenstrual spotting after a CS has been demonstrated. Hysteroscopic resection of these niches is thought to reduce spotting and menstrual pain. However, there are no randomised trials assessing the effectiveness of a hysteroscopic niche resection. We planned a multicentre randomised trial comparing hysteroscopic niche resection to no intervention. We study women with postmenstrual spotting after a CS and a niche with a residual myometrium of at least 3 mm during sonohysterography. After informed consent is obtained, eligible women will be randomly allocated to hysteroscopic resection of the niche or expectant management for 6 months. The primary outcome is the number of days with postmenstrual spotting during one menstrual cycle 6 months after randomisation. Secondary outcomes are menstrual characteristics, menstruation related pain and experienced discomfort due to spotting or menstrual pain, quality of life, patient satisfaction, sexual function, urological symptoms, medical consultations, medication use, complications, lost productivity and medical costs. Measurements will be performed at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after randomisation. A cost-effectiveness analysis will be performed from a societal perspective at 6 months after randomisation. This trial will provide insight in the (cost)effectiveness of hysteroscopic resection of a niche versus expectant management in women who have postmenstrual spotting and a niche with sufficient residual myometrium to perform a hysteroscopic niche resection. Dutch Trial Register NTR3269 . Registered 1 February 2012. ZonMw Grant number 80-82305-97-12030.

Фінансові механізми офшору

OpenAIRE

Лакіза, В. В.; Ілечко, А. П.

2011-01-01

Викладено основні схеми використання офшорів у світовій практиці податкового планування. Надано перелік основних офшорних зон. Результати досліджень дало змогу зробити висновки щодо правильного вибору офшорної зони та завдань, які завдяки їй прагне вирішити компанія. The article presents the key scheme of exploitation offshore in international practice tax planning. The list of major offshore zone is given. The conduced research permitted to make conclusions about right choice of offshore zon...

Cost-effectiveness of 'immediate IVF' versus 'delayed IVF': a prospective study.

Science.gov (United States)

Eijkemans, M J C; Kersten, F A M; Lintsen, A M E; Hunault, C C; Bouwmans, C A M; Roijen, L Hakkaart-van; Habbema, J D F; Braat, D D M

2017-05-01

category or duration of infertility. By contrast, the corresponding increase in costs primarily depended on diagnostic category and duration of infertility. The lowest CE ratio was just below €10 000 per live birth for endometriosis from age 34 onwards at 1 year duration. The highest CE ratio reached €56 000 per live birth for unexplained infertility at age 30 and 3 years duration, dropping to values below € 30 000 per live birth from age 32 onwards. It reached values below €20 000 per live birth with 3 years duration at age 34 and older. The CE ratio was in between for the three other diagnostic categories (i.e. Male infertility, Hormonal and Immunological/Cervical). We applied estimates of chances with IVF, excluding frozen embryos, for which we had no data. Therefore, we do not know the effect of frozen embryo transfers on the CE. The duration of infertility at which IVF becomes cost-effective depends, firstly, on the level of society's willingness to pay for one extra live birth, and secondly, given a certain level of willingness to pay, on the woman's age and the diagnostic category. In current guidelines, the chances of a natural conception should always be taken into account before deciding whether to start IVF treatment and at which time. Supported by Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMW, grant 945-12-013). ZonMW had no role in designing the study, data collection, analysis and interpretation of data or writing of the report. Competing interests: none. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com

K/Ar age dating of Oshnaviyeh plutonic complex

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ghalamghash, J.; Vosoughi Abedini, M.; Bellon, H.; Emami, M.H.; Pourmafi, M.; Rashid, H.

2003-01-01

Oshnaviyeh plutonic complex, the western member of Urumiyeh-Golpayehgan intrusive plutons is located in northern part of Sanandaj-Sirjan zon. Oshnaviyeh plutonic complex, exposing in an area of about 700 km 2 , comprises 10 plutons that can be divided into three suites, i.e.,diorite,granite,and alkali syenite-alkali granite. Dioritic bodies are the oldest intrusive rocks of the region, which on the basis of the field study, their relative age of emplacement is estimated to be post-Jurassic and pre-miocene. However, with respect to the age of other similar intrusive bodies in Naghadeh area, they are most likely of post early cretaceous-pre miocene age. Hybrid intrusive rocks, occurring at the contact of dioritic and granitic rocks may suggest a simultaneous emplacement of both magmas. Syntetic pluton from alkali syenite-alkali granite has intruded dioritic and granitic rocks, in contrast, flourine bearing alkali granite pluton from this suite shows no contact with other igneous rocks in the area. K-Ar age determinations obtained on amphibole specimens from diorite suite are 91.9±2.3, 94.1±2.3 and 100±2.4 Ma, and on biotite specimens from granite suite are 100±1.5 to 98.9±1.5 Ma. Chronology study using same method on arfvedsonite specimens from syenite pluton shows 78.9±3.1, 79.6±1.9 and 81.7±2.0 Ma and on K-fled par samples of flourine bearing alkali granite pluton from the alkali syenite-alkali granite suite presents 76±3.4 and 77.1±1.8. Therefore, based on field evidence and K/Ar age dating, Oshnaviyeh plutonic complex presumably formed during two episodes: granite and diorite suites formed simultaneously at about 100 Ma, then plutons of alkali syenite-alkali granite suite emplaced at about 80 Ma

Research Costs Investigated: A Study Into the Budgets of Dutch Publicly Funded Drug-Related Research.

Science.gov (United States)

van Asselt, Thea; Ramaekers, Bram; Corro Ramos, Isaac; Joore, Manuela; Al, Maiwenn; Lesman-Leegte, Ivonne; Postma, Maarten; Vemer, Pepijn; Feenstra, Talitha

2018-01-01

The costs of performing research are an important input in value of information (VOI) analyses but are difficult to assess. The aim of this study was to investigate the costs of research, serving two purposes: (1) estimating research costs for use in VOI analyses; and (2) developing a costing tool to support reviewers of grant proposals in assessing whether the proposed budget is realistic. For granted study proposals from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), type of study, potential cost drivers, proposed budget, and general characteristics were extracted. Regression analysis was conducted in an attempt to generate a 'predicted budget' for certain combinations of cost drivers, for implementation in the costing tool. Of 133 drug-related research grant proposals, 74 were included for complete data extraction. Because an association between cost drivers and budgets was not confirmed, we could not generate a predicted budget based on regression analysis, but only historic reference budgets given certain study characteristics. The costing tool was designed accordingly, i.e. with given selection criteria the tool returns the range of budgets in comparable studies. This range can be used in VOI analysis to estimate whether the expected net benefit of sampling will be positive to decide upon the net value of future research. The absence of association between study characteristics and budgets may indicate inconsistencies in the budgeting or granting process. Nonetheless, the tool generates useful information on historical budgets, and the option to formally relate VOI to budgets. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt at creating such a tool, which can be complemented with new studies being granted, enlarging the underlying database and keeping estimates up to date.

Aspectos morfológicos da placenta da preguiça, Bradypus variegatus Shinz, 1825

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marleyne José Afonso Accyoli Lins Amorin

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Estudaram-se os aspectos morfológicos da placenta e das membranas fetais de 03 placentas de bichos-preguiça (Bradypus variegatus, adultas e prenhes, originárias da Zona da Mata do Estado de Pernambuco. Essas estruturas foram obtidas de 03 fêmeas doadas pela Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, das quais duas encontravam-se congeladas e a terceira foi colhida mediante realização de cirurgia cesariana, onde mãe e feto foram preservados. Depois de descongeladas, as placentas foram fixadas em solução aquosa de formol 10,00%. Da placenta obtida da cesariana colheram-se pequenos fragmentos da região placentária e do funículo umbilical, os quais foram fixados em paraformoldeido 4,00%, tampão fosfato pH 7,4. Os fragmentos passaram pela rotina histológica, onde foram coradas em Hematoxilina e Eosina e Tricrômio de Masson. A placenta da preguiça é corioamniótica, com o cório viloso constituindo os lobos placentários, que se localizam na região fúndica do útero, e o cório liso relacionando-se com a face interna do útero. Nas placentas de final de prenhez os lobos aglomeram-se e fundem-se aumentando de tamanho, formando uma massa principal discóide, caracterizando uma placenta zonária discoidal, que se une ao feto pelo funículo umbilical, constituído por duas artérias e uma veia umbilical. Os resultados histológicos demonstraram que a placenta desses animais é labiríntica e endoteliocorial. Assim, a placenta da preguiça pode ser classificada como labiríntica, endoteliocorial, múltipla, discóide (a termo e corioamniótica.

Catalytic Activity and Nuclear Radiation; L'activite catalytique et les rayonnements nucleaires; Kataliticheskaya aktivnost' i yadernoe izluchenie; La actividad catalitica y las radiaciones nucleares

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Turkevich, J.; Ikawa, T.; Nozaki, F.; Stamires, D. [Princeton University, N.J (United States)

1963-11-15

, soderzhavshikh razlichnoe kolichestvo dekationirovannykh tsentrov ot nulya do sta protsen- tov, schitaya na iskhodnoe soderzhanie natriya. Kataliticheskuyu aktivnost' ehtikh dvukh tipov katalizatorov opredelyali do i posle gamma-oblucheniya, issleduya kinetiku razlozheniya kumola v benzole i propilene, provodya izomerizatsiyu dvojnykh svyazej butena-1 v buten-2 i provodya reaktsii obmena mekhdu vodorodom i dejteriem. Chislo aktivnykh tsentrov opredelyali po vozrastavshemu otravleniyu, primenyaya khinolin, i takim obrazom kharakterizovali aktivnost', prikhodyashchuyusya na tsentr. Veshchestva izucheny takzhe putem izmereniya ehlektronno-spinovogo rezonansa adsorbirovannykh ehlektronno-perenosyashchikh agentov, kak, naprimer, trifenilamin, perilen i simmetrichnyj difenilehtilen. Bylo najdeno, chto sposobnost' k perenosu ehlektronov sootvetstvuet kataliticheskoj aktivnosti. Dlya vyyasneniya prirody aktivnykh tsentrov ispol'zovali protonnyj rezonans adsorbirovannoj vody. (author)

Convection Heat Transfer Modeling of Ag Nanofluid Using Different Viscosity Theories

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ali Bakhsh Kasaeian

2012-04-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACT: In this paper, the effects of adding nanoparticles (including Ag to a fluid media for improving free convection heat transfer were analysed. The free convective heat transfer was assumed to be in laminar flow regime, and the corresponding calculations and solutions were all done by the integral method. Water, as a Newtonian fluid, was considered as the base and all relevant thermo physical properties of the nanofluids were considered to be unvarying. The calculations performed and the graphs generated showed that, in general, the addition of nanoparticles to the fluid media resulted in an increment or improvement of its heat transfer coefficient. With increase in the concentration of the nanoparticles, the heat transfer rate of the fluid also increased. The increment in heat transfer is also dependent on the nanoparticles’ thermal conductivity and the viscosity theory which was utilized in the calculations. In this study, four different theories were used to calculate the viscosities of the nanofluids. The effects of viscosity on the nanofluids’ thermal conductivity were apparent from the calculations which were performed for nanoparticle concentrations of 4% or less. ABSTRAK: Kajian ini menganalisis kesan penambahan nanopartikel Ag ke dalam media bendalir bagi tujuan pembaikkan pemindahan haba perolakan bebas. Perolakan bebas diandaikan berada di zon aliran laminar, di mana penyelesaian dan pengiraan telah dilakukan mengunakan kaedah kamilan. Air yang merupakan cecair Newtonian, dianggap sebagai asas dan sifat terma fizikal nanocecair dianggapkan tidak berubah. Mengikut pengiraan yang dilakukan dan graf yang diplotkan, umumnya penambahan nanopartikel kepada media bendalir menyebabkan peningkatan dan pengembangan pekali pemindahan haba. Kadar pemindahan haba meningkat dengan nanopartikel. Peningkatan pemindahan haba juga bergantung kepada pengalir haba nanopartikel dan teori kelikatan yang digunakan. Di dalam kajian ini, empat

Activation of transglutaminase 2 by nerve growth factor in differentiating neuroblastoma cells: A role in cell survival and neurite outgrowth.

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Algarni, Alanood S; Hargreaves, Alan J; Dickenson, John M

2018-02-05

NGF (nerve growth factor) and tissue transglutaminase (TG2) play important roles in neurite outgrowth and modulation of neuronal cell survival. In this study, we investigated the regulation of TG2 transamidase activity by NGF in retinoic acid-induced differentiating mouse N2a and human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. TG2 transamidase activity was determined using an amine incorporation and a peptide cross linking assay. In situ TG2 activity was assessed by visualising the incorporation of biotin-X-cadaverine using confocal microscopy. The role of TG2 in NGF-induced cytoprotection and neurite outgrowth was investigated by monitoring hypoxia-induced cell death and appearance of axonal-like processes, respectively. The amine incorporation and protein crosslinking activity of TG2 increased in a time and concentration-dependent manner following stimulation with NGF in N2a and SH-SY5Y cells. NGF mediated increases in TG2 activity were abolished by the TG2 inhibitors Z-DON (Z-ZON-Val-Pro-Leu-OMe; Benzyloxycarbonyl-(6-Diazo-5-oxonorleucinyl)-l-valinyl-l-prolinyl-l-leucinmethylester) and R283 (1,3,dimethyl-2[2-oxo-propyl]thio)imidazole chloride) and by pharmacological inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), protein kinase B (PKB) and protein kinase C (PKC), and removal of extracellular Ca 2+ . Fluorescence microscopy demonstrated NGF induced in situ TG2 activity. TG2 inhibition blocked NGF-induced attenuation of hypoxia-induced cell death and neurite outgrowth in both cell lines. Together, these results demonstrate that NGF stimulates TG2 transamidase activity via a ERK1/2, PKB and PKC-dependent pathway in differentiating mouse N2a and human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Furthermore, NGF-induced cytoprotection and neurite outgrowth are dependent upon TG2. These results suggest a novel and important role of TG2 in the cellular functions of NGF. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Efficacy of community-based physiotherapy networks for patients with Parkinson's disease: a cluster-randomised trial.

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Munneke, Marten; Nijkrake, Maarten J; Keus, Samyra Hj; Kwakkel, Gert; Berendse, Henk W; Roos, Raymund Ac; Borm, George F; Adang, Eddy M; Overeem, Sebastiaan; Bloem, Bastiaan R

2010-01-01

Many patients with Parkinson's disease are treated with physiotherapy. We have developed a community-based professional network (ParkinsonNet) that involves training of a selected number of expert physiotherapists to work according to evidence-based recommendations, and structured referrals to these trained physiotherapists to increase the numbers of patients they treat. We aimed to assess the efficacy of this approach for improving health-care outcomes. Between February, 2005, and August, 2007, we did a cluster-randomised trial with 16 clusters (defined as community hospitals and their catchment area). Clusters were randomly allocated by use of a variance minimisation algorithm to ParkinsonNet care (n=8) or usual care (n=8). Patients were assessed at baseline and at 8, 16, and 24 weeks of follow-up. The primary outcome was a patient preference disability score, the patient-specific index score, at 16 weeks. Health secondary outcomes were functional mobility, mobility-related quality of life, and total societal costs over 24 weeks. Analysis was by intention to treat. This trial is registered, number NCT00330694. We included 699 patients. Baseline characteristics of the patients were comparable between the ParkinsonNet clusters (n=358) and usual-care clusters (n=341). The primary endpoint was similar for patients within the ParkinsonNet clusters (mean 47.7, SD 21.9) and control clusters (48.3, 22.4). Health secondary endpoints were also similar for patients in both study groups. Total costs over 24 weeks were lower in ParkinsonNet clusters compared with usual-care clusters (difference euro727; 95% CI 56-1399). Implementation of ParkinsonNet networks did not change health outcomes for patients living in ParkinsonNet clusters. However, health-care costs were reduced in ParkinsonNet clusters compared with usual-care clusters. ZonMw; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research; Dutch Parkinson's Disease Society; National Parkinson Foundation; Stichting Robuust

Effectiveness and cost effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in clinically depressed adolescents: individual CBT versus treatment as usual (TAU).

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Stikkelbroek, Yvonne; Bodden, Denise Hm; Deković, Maja; van Baar, Anneloes L

2013-11-21

NTR2676. The study was financially supported by a grant from ZonMw, the Netherlands organization for health research and development, grant number 157004005.

Surgery versus physiotherapy for stress urinary incontinence.

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Labrie, Julien; Berghmans, Bary L C M; Fischer, Kathelijn; Milani, Alfredo L; van der Wijk, Ileana; Smalbraak, Dina J C; Vollebregt, Astrid; Schellart, René P; Graziosi, Giuseppe C M; van der Ploeg, J Marinus; Brouns, Joseph F G M; Tiersma, E Stella M; Groenendijk, Annette G; Scholten, Piet; Mol, Ben Willem; Blokhuis, Elisabeth E; Adriaanse, Albert H; Schram, Aaltje; Roovers, Jan-Paul W R; Lagro-Janssen, Antoine L M; van der Vaart, Carl H

2013-09-19

Physiotherapy involving pelvic-floor muscle training is advocated as first-line treatment for stress urinary incontinence; midurethral-sling surgery is generally recommended when physiotherapy is unsuccessful. Data are lacking from randomized trials comparing these two options as initial therapy. We performed a multicenter, randomized trial to compare physiotherapy and midurethral-sling surgery in women with stress urinary incontinence. Crossover between groups was allowed. The primary outcome was subjective improvement, measured by means of the Patient Global Impression of Improvement at 12 months. We randomly assigned 230 women to the surgery group and 230 women to the physiotherapy group. A total of 49.0% of women in the physiotherapy group and 11.2% of women in the surgery group crossed over to the alternative treatment. In an intention-to-treat analysis, subjective improvement was reported by 90.8% of women in the surgery group and 64.4% of women in the physiotherapy group (absolute difference, 26.4 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 18.1 to 34.5). The rates of subjective cure were 85.2% in the surgery group and 53.4% in the physiotherapy group (absolute difference, 31.8 percentage points; 95% CI, 22.6 to 40.3); rates of objective cure were 76.5% and 58.8%, respectively (absolute difference, 17.8 percentage points; 95% CI, 7.9 to 27.3). A post hoc per-protocol analysis showed that women who crossed over to the surgery group had outcomes similar to those of women initially assigned to surgery and that both these groups had outcomes superior to those of women who did not cross over to surgery. For women with stress urinary incontinence, initial midurethral-sling surgery, as compared with initial physiotherapy, results in higher rates of subjective improvement and subjective and objective cure at 1 year. (Funded by ZonMw, the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development; Dutch Trial Register number, NTR1248.).

Application of liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization ion trap tandem mass spectrometry for the evaluation of global nucleic acids: methylation in garden cress under exposure to CuO nanoparticles.

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Alcazar Magana, Armando; Wrobel, Kazimierz; Corrales Escobosa, Alma Rosa; Wrobel, Katarzyna

2016-01-15

A full understanding of the biological impact of nanomaterials demands analytical procedures suitable for the detection/quantification of epigenetic changes that occur in the exposed organisms. Here, the effect of CuO nanoparticles (NPs) on global methylation of nucleic acids in Lepidium sativum was evaluated by liquid chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry. Enhanced selectivity toward cytosine-containing nucleosides was achieved by using their proton-bound dimers formed in positive electrospray ionization (ESI(+)) as precursor ions for multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) quantification based on one or two ion transitions. Plants were exposed to CuO NPs (0-1000 mg L(-1)); nucleic acid extracts were washed with bathocuproine disulfate; nucleosides were separated on a Luna C18 column coupled via ESI(+) to an AmaZon SL mass spectrometer (Bruker Daltonics). Cytidine, 2´-deoxycytidine, 5-methylcytidine, 5-methyl-2´-deoxycytidine and 5-hydroxymethyl-2´-deoxycytidine were quantified by MRM based on MS(3) ([2M+H](+)/[M+H](+)/[M+H-132](+) or [M+H-116](+)) and MS(2) ([2M+H](+)/[M+H](+) ). Bathocuproine disulfate, added as Cu(I) complexing agent, allowed for elimination of [2M+Cu](+) adducts from the mass spectra. Poorer instrumental detection limits were obtained for MS(3) (20-120 fmol) as compared to MS(2) (9.0-41 fmol); however, two ion transitions helped to eliminate matrix effects in plant extracts. The procedure was tested by analyzing salmon sperm DNA (Sigma) and applied for the evaluation of DNA and RNA methylation in plants; in the absence of NPs, 13.03% and 0.92% methylated cytosines were found in DNA and RNA, respectively; for NPs concentration >50 mg L(-1), DNA hypomethylation was observed with respect to unexposed plants. RNA methylation did not present significant changes upon plant exposure; 5-hydroxymethyl-2´-deoxycytidine was not detected in any sample. The MRM quantification proposed here of cytosine-containing nucleosides using their proton-bound homo

Simulations of Wind Field Effect on Two-Stream Waves in the Equatorial Electrojet

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Chi-Lon Fern

2009-01-01

Full Text Available The wind field effect on the phase veloc i ties of 3- to 10-me ter Farley-Buneman two-stream waves in the equato rial E region ion o sphere at al titudes in the range of 95 - 110 km is stud ied by nu mer i cal simu la tion. The behav ior of this two-stream wave in the uni form wind field Un in a plane per pen dic u lar to the Earth’s mag netic field is simu lated with a two-di men sional two-fluid code in which elec tron in er tia is ne glected while ion in er tia is re tained. It is con firmed that, the thresh old con di tion for the ap pear ance of two-stream waves is VD C U th » + s + n (1 / cos Y0 q ; and the phase ve loc ity of the two-stream wave at the thresh old con di tion is Vp » Cs + Un cos q, where q is the ele va tion an gle of the wave prop a ga tion in a limited range and Y0 = ninnen / WiWe. The first formula in di cates that the wind field paral lel (anti-par al lel to the elec tron drift ve loc ity will raise (lower the thresh old drift ve loc ity by the amount of the wind speed. This means that par al lel wind is a sta ble fac tor, while anti-paral lel wind is an un sta ble fac tor of two-stream waves. This may ex plain why high speed (larger than acous tic speed two-stream waves were rarely ob served, since larger thresh old drift veloc ity de mands larger po larization elec tric field. The result of the simu la tions at the sat u ra tion stage show that when VD was only slightly larger than VD th , the hor i zon tal phase ve loc ity of the two-stream wave would grad u ally down-shift to the thresh old phase ve loc ity Cs + Un. The physical implications of which are discussed

A descriptive analysis of drug treatment patterns and burden of illness for pediatric patients diagnosed with partial-onset seizures in the USA

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Angalakuditi M

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Mallik Angalakuditi1, Nupur Angalakuditi21Georgia State University, Robinson School of Business, Atlanta, GA, 2New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USAPurpose: The objective of this retrospective claims study was to describe antiepileptic drug (AED treatment patterns and burden of illness in children with epilepsy.Methods: Data were administrative claims from a US commercial health plan. Patients were between 2 and 17 years of age and had one or more pharmacy claims for an oral AED from July 1, 2005, to November 30, 2009. The index date was defined as the first AED claim. Patients had one or more medical claims for epilepsy (ICD-9-CM 345.xx during the 6-month pre-index period and were continuously enrolled for 12 months post index. Of the 17 AED medications used to identify patients, eleven medication cohorts had more than 100 patients: (1 carbamazepine (CAR; (2 clonazepam; (3 gabapentin (GAB; (4 lamotrigine (LAM; (5 levetiracetam (LEV; (6 oxcarbazepine (OXC; (7 phenobarbital; (8 phenytoin (PHY; (9 topiramate (TOP; (10 valproate (VAL; and (11 zonisamide (ZON.Results: There were 3889 children who met the inclusion criteria. There were some differences in patients across the eleven AED treatment cohorts based on index therapy in age, gender, geographic location, Charlson comorbidity score, AHRQ comorbid conditions, as well as epilepsy-related risk factors and comorbidities. Of the 17 AEDs examined, the most frequently prescribed were OXC (21% and LEV (19%; the least prescribed AED was GAB (1%. Their respective mean post-index pharmacy and total costs were as follows: OXC, US$2095 and US$5556; LEV, US$3025 and US$9121; and GAB, US$917 and US$1597. The overall post-index mean pharmacy costs were US$2637, and mean total costs were US$6813.Conclusion: Study results demonstrate differences in patient demographic and clinical characteristics across AED medication cohorts. Some cohorts have greater odds of a switch, or augmentation than the reference

SU-E-J-219: A Dixon Based Pseudo-CT Generation Method for MR-Only Radiotherapy Treatment Planning of the Pelvis and Head and Neck

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Maspero, M.; Meijer, G.J.; Lagendijk, J.J.W.; Berg, C.A.T. van den [Department of Radiotherapy, UMC Utrecht (Netherlands); Seevinck, P.R.; Viergever, M.A. [Image Science Institute, UMC Utrecht (Netherlands)

2015-06-15

Purpose: To develop an image processing method for MRI-based generation of electron density maps, known as pseudo-CT (pCT), without usage of model- or atlas-based segmentation, and to evaluate the method in the pelvic and head-neck region against CT. Methods: CT and MRI scans were obtained from the pelvic region of four patients in supine position using a flat table top only for CT. Stratified CT maps were generated by classifying each voxel based on HU ranges into one of four classes: air, adipose tissue, soft tissue or bone.A hierarchical region-selective algorithm, based on automatic thresholding and clustering, was used to classify tissues from MR Dixon reconstructed fat, In-Phase (IP) and Opposed-Phase (OP) images. First, a body mask was obtained by thresholding the IP image. Subsequently, an automatic threshold on the Dixon fat image differentiated soft and adipose tissue. K-means clustering on IP and OP images resulted in a mask that, via a connected neighborhood analysis, allowing the user to select the components corresponding to bone structures.The pCT was estimated through assignment of bulk HU to the tissue classes. Bone-only Digital Reconstructed Radiographs (DRR) were generated as well. The pCT images were rigidly registered to the stratified CT to allow a volumetric and voxelwise comparison. Moreover, pCTs were also calculated within the head-neck region in two volunteers using the same pipeline. Results: The volumetric comparison resulted in differences <1% for each tissue class. A voxelwise comparison showed a good classification, ranging from 64% to 98%. The primary misclassified classes were adipose/soft tissue and bone/soft tissue. As the patients have been imaged on different table tops, part of the misclassification error can be explained by misregistration. Conclusion: The proposed approach does not rely on an anatomy model providing the flexibility to successfully generate the pCT in two different body sites. This research is founded by Zon

Dropout is a problem in lifestyle intervention programs for overweight and obese infertile women: a systematic review.

Science.gov (United States)

Mutsaerts, M A Q; Kuchenbecker, W K H; Mol, B W; Land, J A; Hoek, A

2013-04-01

increasing adherence rates, weight loss and pregnancy chances. M.A.Q.M. was supported by a research grant from the Dutch Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw). The department of obstetrics and gynaecology received research grants from Merck Sharpe and Dohme BV, feering pharmaceuticals, Merck Serono, the Netherlands.

Diabetes and onset of natural menopause: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Science.gov (United States)

Brand, J S; Onland-Moret, N C; Eijkemans, M J C; Tjønneland, A; Roswall, N; Overvad, K; Fagherazzi, G; Clavel-Chapelon, F; Dossus, L; Lukanova, A; Grote, V; Bergmann, M M; Boeing, H; Trichopoulou, A; Tzivoglou, M; Trichopoulos, D; Grioni, S; Mattiello, A; Masala, G; Tumino, R; Vineis, P; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B; Weiderpass, E; Redondo, M L; Sánchez, M J; Castaño, J M Huerta; Arriola, L; Ardanaz, E; Duell, E J; Rolandsson, O; Franks, P W; Butt, S; Nilsson, P; Khaw, K T; Wareham, N; Travis, R; Romieu, I; Gunter, M J; Riboli, E; van der Schouw, Y T

2015-06-01

Do women who have diabetes before menopause have their menopause at an earlier age compared with women without diabetes? Although there was no overall association between diabetes and age at menopause, our study suggests that early-onset diabetes may accelerate menopause. Today, more women of childbearing age are being diagnosed with diabetes, but little is known about the impact of diabetes on reproductive health. We investigated the impact of diabetes on age at natural menopause (ANM) in 258 898 women from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), enrolled between 1992 and 2000. Determinant and outcome information was obtained through questionnaires. Time-dependent Cox regression analyses were used to estimate the associations of diabetes and age at diabetes diagnosis with ANM, stratified by center and adjusted for age, smoking, reproductive and diabetes risk factors and with age from birth to menopause or censoring as the underlying time scale. Overall, no association between diabetes and ANM was found (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89-1.01). However, women with diabetes before the age of 20 years had an earlier menopause (10-20 years: HR = 1.43; 95% CI 1.02-2.01, France); German Cancer Aid, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMMF) (Germany); Ministry of Health and Social Solidarity, Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Hellenic Health Foundation (Greece); Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC) and National Research Council (Italy); Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS), Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR), LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), Statistics Netherlands (The Netherlands); ERC-2009-AdG 232997 and Nordforsk, Nordic Centre of Excellence programme on Food, Nutrition and Health (Norway); Health Research Fund (FIS), Regional Governments of Andaluc

Chaotic expression dynamics implies pluripotency: when theory and experiment meet

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Furusawa Chikara

2009-05-01

examine whether the loss of pluripotency is accompanied by a loss of oscillation. Implications of the hypothesis Recovery of pluripotency from determined cells is a long-standing aspiration, from both scientific and clinical perspectives. Our hypothesis suggests a feasible route to recover the potential to differentiate, i.e., by increasing the variety of expressed genes to restore chaotic expression dynamics, as is consistent with the recent generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS cells. Reviewers This article was reviewed by David Krakauer, Jeroen van Zon (nominated by Rob de Boer, and Williams S. Hlavacek.

Analysis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis as a multistep process: a population-based modelling study.

Science.gov (United States)

Al-Chalabi, Ammar; Calvo, Andrea; Chio, Adriano; Colville, Shuna; Ellis, Cathy M; Hardiman, Orla; Heverin, Mark; Howard, Robin S; Huisman, Mark H B; Keren, Noa; Leigh, P Nigel; Mazzini, Letizia; Mora, Gabriele; Orrell, Richard W; Rooney, James; Scott, Kirsten M; Scotton, William J; Seelen, Meinie; Shaw, Christopher E; Sidle, Katie S; Swingler, Robert; Tsuda, Miho; Veldink, Jan H; Visser, Anne E; van den Berg, Leonard H; Pearce, Neil

2014-11-01

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis shares characteristics with some cancers, such as onset being more common in later life, progression usually being rapid, the disease affecting a particular cell type, and showing complex inheritance. We used a model originally applied to cancer epidemiology to investigate the hypothesis that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a multistep process. We generated incidence data by age and sex from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis population registers in Ireland (registration dates 1995-2012), the Netherlands (2006-12), Italy (1995-2004), Scotland (1989-98), and England (2002-09), and calculated age and sex-adjusted incidences for each register. We regressed the log of age-specific incidence against the log of age with least squares regression. We did the analyses within each register, and also did a combined analysis, adjusting for register. We identified 6274 cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from a catchment population of about 34 million people. We noted a linear relationship between log incidence and log age in all five registers: England r(2)=0·95, Ireland r(2)=0·99, Italy r(2)=0·95, the Netherlands r(2)=0·99, and Scotland r(2)=0·97; overall r(2)=0·99. All five registers gave similar estimates of the linear slope ranging from 4·5 to 5·1, with overlapping confidence intervals. The combination of all five registers gave an overall slope of 4·8 (95% CI 4·5-5·0), with similar estimates for men (4·6, 4·3-4·9) and women (5·0, 4·5-5·5). A linear relationship between the log incidence and log age of onset of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is consistent with a multistage model of disease. The slope estimate suggests that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a six-step process. Identification of these steps could lead to preventive and therapeutic avenues. UK Medical Research Council; UK Economic and Social Research Council; Ireland Health Research Board; The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw); the

J-pouch versus Roux-en-Y reconstruction after gastrectomy: functional assessment and quality of life (randomized trial

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Zonca P

2016-12-01

Full Text Available Pavel Zonča,1,2 Tomáš Malý,3 Peter Ihnát,1,2 Matus Peteja,1,2 Otakar Kraft,4 Kamil Kuca2,5 1Department of Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, 2Department of Surgical Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, 3Department of Surgery, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, 5Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life and functional emptying of J-pouch versus Roux-en-Y reconstruction after total gastrectomy for malignancy. Methods: This study was designed as a prospective, nonblinded, randomized, parallel clinical trial (Trial Number: MN Ostrava, 200604. With informed consent, patients undergoing gastrectomy for malignancy were randomized to J-pouch or Roux-en-Y reconstruction. The time taken for a test semisolid meal labeled with 99mTc-sulfur colloid to exit the reconstructed parts was measured by dynamic scintigraphy 1 year after resection. Quality of life was measured using the Eypasch questionnaire at the same time as functional emptying assessment. This trial was investigator-initiated. Results: In all, 72 patients were included into the study. The time taken for the test meal to exit the postgastrectomy reconstruction was 16.5±10.0 minutes (mean ± standard deviation in the Roux-en-Y group and 89.4±37.8 minutes in the “J-pouch” group; the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001. Emptying of the J-pouch appeared to be a linear decreasing function compared to the exponential pattern seen in the Roux-en-Y group. The quality of life measurement showed scores of 106±18.8 points (mean ± standard deviation in the Roux-en-Y group compared to 122±22.5 points in the J-pouch group; the difference was statistically significant (P=0.0016. There were no important adverse events. Conclusion: After total gastrectomy, a J

Revolutionizing Bantu Lexicography — A Zulu Case Study

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Gilles-Maurice de Schryver

2011-10-01

Full Text Available

ABSTRACT: Zulu uses a conjunctive writing system, that is, a system whereby relatively short linguistic words are joined together to form long orthographic words with complex morphological structures. This has led to the so-called 'stem tradition' in dictionary making — for Zulu, as well as for most other Bantu languages. Given this lemmatization approach has been found to be inadequate for young learners (who fail to isolate stems, the development of a new approach was imperative for them, but until recently deemed impossible to implement. In this paper it is argued that it is now perfectly possible to reverse the unproductive trend, and to opt for the lemmatization of full words for all but one of the word classes in Bantu. This revolution is made possible thanks to the recent availability of relatively large corpora, with which the really frequent citation options may be pinpointed. Rather than a mission statement, this paper offers the result for all word classes. To do so, an actual guide to the use of a Zulu dictionary is re-represented and annotated.

SAMENVATTING: Bantoe lexicografie radicaal omgooien — een gevalsanalyse voor Zoeloe. Zoeloe maakt gebruik van een conjunctief schrijfsysteem, d.w.z. een systeem waarbij relatief korte linguïstische woorden vast aan elkaar geschreven worden met lange orthografische woorden tot gevolg, die ook nog complexe morfologische structuren vertonen. Dit heeft geleid tot wat men de 'stam traditie' in de lexicografie is gaan noemen — voor Zoeloe, alsook voor de meeste andere Bantoetalen. Aangezien deze lemmatisatieaanpak ongeschikt is gebleken voor jonge gebruikers (die woordstammen maar niet kunnen isoleren, moest voor hen een nieuwe aanpak ontwikkeld worden. Tot voor kort werd zo'n aanpak echter als niet-implementeerbaar beschouwd. In dit artikel wordt geargumenteerd dat het vandaag de dag perfect mogelijk is om de onproductieve trend om te keren, en om te kiezen voor het lemmatiseren

Energetic Bottomup in the Low Countries. Energy transition from the bottom-up. On Happy energetic civilians, Solar and wind cooperatives, New utility companies; Energieke BottomUp in Lage Landen. De Energietransitie van Onderaf. Over Vrolijke energieke burgers, Zon- en windcooperaties, Nieuwe nuts

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schwencke, A.M.

2012-08-15

This essay is an outline of the 'energy transition from the bottom-up'. Leading questions are: (1) what are the actual initiatives; (2) who is involved; (3) how does one work (organization, business models); (4) why are people active in this field; (5) what good is it; (6) what is the aim? The essay is based on public information sources (websites, blogs, publications) and interviews with people involved [Dutch] Dit essay is een verkenning van de 'energietransitie van onderaf'. Leidende vragen zijn: (1) om wat voor initiatieven gaat het nu eigenlijk?; (2) wie zijn daarbij betrokken?; (3) hoe gaat men te werk (organisatie, business modellen)?; (4) waarom is men er op die manier mee bezig?; (5) Zet het zoden aan de dijk?; (6) Waar beweegt het naar toe? Het essay baseert zich op openbare bronnen (websites, blogs, publicaties) en gesprekken met mensen uit het veld.

Immediate total-body CT scanning versus conventional imaging and selective CT scanning in patients with severe trauma (REACT-2): a randomised controlled trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Sierink, Joanne C; Treskes, Kaij; Edwards, Michael J R; Beuker, Benn J A; den Hartog, Dennis; Hohmann, Joachim; Dijkgraaf, Marcel G W; Luitse, Jan S K; Beenen, Ludo F M; Hollmann, Markus W; Goslings, J Carel

2016-08-13

one in a patient who was excluded after random allocation. All five patients died. Diagnosing patients with an immediate total-body CT scan does not reduce in-hospital mortality compared with the standard radiological work-up. Because of the increased radiation dose, future research should focus on the selection of patients who will benefit from immediate total-body CT. ZonMw, the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

New Evaluation of Seismic Hazard in Cental America and la Hispaniola

Science.gov (United States)

Benito, B.; Camacho, E. I.; Rojas, W.; Climent, A.; Alvarado-Induni, G.; Marroquin, G.; Molina, E.; Talavera, E.; Belizaire, D.; Pierristal, G.; Torres, Y.; Huerfano, V.; Polanco, E.; García, R.; Zevallos, F.

2013-05-01

The results from seismic hazard studies carried out in two seismic scenarios, Central America Region (CA) and La Hispaniola Island, are presented here. Both cases follow the Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (PSHA) methodology and they are developed in terms of PGA, and SA (T), for T of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1 and 2s. In both anaysis, hybrid zonation models are considered, integrated by seismogenic zones and faults where data of slip rate and recurrence time are available. First, we present a new evaluation of seismic hazard in CA, starting with the results of a previous study by Benito et al (2011). Some improvements are now included, such as: updated catalogue till 2011, corrections in the zonning model in particular for subduction regime taken into account the variation of the dip in Costa Rica and Panama, and modelization of some faults as independent units for the hazard estimation. The results allow us to carry out a sensitivity analysis comparing the ones obtained with and without faults. In a second part we present the results of the PSHA in La Hispaniola, carried out as part of the cooperative project SISMO-HAITI supported by UPM and developed in cooperation with ONEV. It started a few months after the 2010 event, as an answer to a required help from the Haitian government to UPM. The study was aimed at obtaining results suitable for seismic design purposes and started with the elaboration of a seismic catalogue for the Hispaniola, requiring an exhaustive revision of data reported by around 30 seismic agencies, apart from these from Puerto Rico and Dominican Republic Seismic Networks. Seismotectonic models for the region were reviewed and a new regional zonation was proposed, taking into account different geophysical data. Attenuation models for subduction and crustal zones were also reviewed and the more suitable were calibrated with data recorded inside the Caribbean plate. As a result of the PSHA, different maps were generated for the quoted parameters

Hospital costs during the first 5 years of life for multiples compared with singletons born after IVF or ICSI.

Science.gov (United States)

van Heesch, M M J; Evers, J L H; van der Hoeven, M A H B M; Dumoulin, J C M; van Beijsterveldt, C E M; Bonsel, G J; Dykgraaf, R H M; van Goudoever, J B; Koopman-Esseboom, C; Nelen, W L D M; Steiner, K; Tamminga, P; Tonch, N; Torrance, H L; Dirksen, C D

2015-06-01

, particularly in the birth admission period. These savings need to be compared with the extra costs of additional embryo transfers needed to achieve a successful pregnancy. Besides costs, health outcomes of children born after single-embryo transfer should be compared with those born after double-embryo transfer. This study was supported by a research grant (grant number 80-82310-98-09094) from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw). There are no conflicts of interest in connection with this article. Not applicable. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Recovery of motor deficit accompanying sciatica--subgroup analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Overdevest, Gijsbert M; Vleggeert-Lankamp, Carmen L A M; Jacobs, Wilco C H; Brand, Ronald; Koes, Bart W; Peul, Wilco C

2014-09-01

In patients with sciatica due to a lumbar disc herniation, it is generally recommended to reserve surgical treatment for those who suffer from intolerable pain or those who demonstrate persistent symptoms after conservative management. Controversy exists about the necessity of early surgical intervention for those patients that have an additional motor deficit. The aim of this study was to compare the recovery of motor deficit among patients receiving early surgery to those receiving prolonged conservative treatment. Subgroup analysis of a randomized controlled trial. This subgroup analysis focuses on 150 (53%) of 283 patients with sciatica due to a lumbar disc herniation and whose symptoms at baseline (before randomization) were accompanied by a motor deficit. Motor deficit was assessed through manual muscle testing and graded according to the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale. In total, 150 patients with 6 to 12 weeks of sciatica due to a lumbar disc herniation and whose symptoms were accompanied by a moderate (MRC Grade 4) or severe (MRC Grade 3) motor deficit were randomly allocated to early surgery or prolonged conservative treatment. Repeated standardized neurologic examinations were performed at baseline and at 8, 26, and 52 weeks after randomization. This study was supported by a grant from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMW) and the Hoelen Foundation The Hague. Sciatica recovered among seven (10%) of the 70 patients assigned to early surgery before surgery could be performed, and of the 80 patients assigned to conservative treatment, 32 patients (40%) were treated surgically because of intolerable pain. Baseline severity of motor deficit was graded moderate in 84% of patients and severe in 16% of patients. Motor deficit recovered significantly faster among patients allocated to early surgery (p=.01), but the difference was no longer significant at 26 (p=.21) or 52 weeks (p=.92). At 1 year, complete recovery of motor

Physical Trauma Patients with Symptoms of an Acute and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Protocol for an Observational Prospective Cohort Study.

Science.gov (United States)

Visser, Eva; Gosens, Taco; Den Oudsten, Brenda; De Vries, Jolanda

2018-03-29

Injury, medical treatment, and rehabilitation can have major impacts on patients' wellbeing. About 25-33% of the patients experience an acute stress disorder (ASD) or a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after injury. ASD is a relatively new diagnosis. Therefore, knowledge about patients' experiences, the course of ASD and PTSD, and who is at risk for developing ASD or PTSD is lacking. The aims of this multi-method study are to explore patients' experiences with injury (and their care) using a focus group study. Then, in the observational study, different courses of ASD, PTSD, and quality of life will be examined. In addition, this study will examine if these courses could be characterized by socio-demographic, clinical, and psychological variables. Consequently, a risk profile will be developed to determine which patients are at risk for developing ASD or PTSD during the 12 months after injury. Trauma patients treated in the shock room (in 2015) of the Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital will share their experiences with injury in the focus group study. Open, axial, and selective coding will be used to analyze the data. Concerning the observational study, patients treated in the shock room (during 2016 and 2017, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital and Erasmus Medical Centre) will be asked to participate. The inclusion period is 12 months. Participants will complete the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, MINI-plus, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF after inclusion and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after injury. The NEO-Five Factor Inventory and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait are completed after inclusion only. Repeated measures of latent class analysis and linear mixed models will be used to examine the research aims. This project was funded in August 2015 by ZonMw. The results of the focus group study are expected in the first trimester of 2018. With regard to the observational study, recruitment is currently

Association of maternal thyroid function during early pregnancy with offspring IQ and brain morphology in childhood: a population-based prospective cohort study.

Science.gov (United States)

Korevaar, Tim I M; Muetzel, Ryan; Medici, Marco; Chaker, Layal; Jaddoe, Vincent W V; de Rijke, Yolanda B; Steegers, Eric A P; Visser, Theo J; White, Tonya; Tiemeier, Henning; Peeters, Robin P

2016-01-01

similar after the exclusion of women with overt hypothyroidism and overt hyperthyroidism, and after adjustment for concentrations of human chorionic gonadotropin, child thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine or thyroid peroxidase antibodies (continuous or positivity). Both low and high maternal free thyroxine concentrations during pregnancy were associated with lower child IQ and lower grey matter and cortex volume. The association between high maternal free thyroxine and low child IQ suggests that levothyroxine therapy during pregnancy, which is often initiated in women with subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy, might carry the potential risk of adverse child neurodevelopment outcomes when the aim of treatment is to achieve high-normal thyroid function test results. The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) and the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Major accident analyses for experimental zero-power fast reactor assemblies; Analyse des accidents graves pouvant survenir dans les reacteurs experimentaux a neutrons rapides de puissance zero; Analiz krupnoj avarii dlya ehksperimental'ny kh reaktornykh ustanovok nulevoj moshchnosti na bystrykh nejtronakh; Analisis de los accidentes graves que pueden producirse en los reactores experimentales rapidos de potencia cero

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fischer, G.; Barts, E. W.; Kapil, S.; Tomabechi, K. [Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL (United States)

1962-03-15

'shogo reaktora s aktivnoj zonoj obychnogo sostava. Byla issledovana men'shaya aktivnaya zona s vysokim pustotnym koehffitsientom, kak potentsial'no bolee opasnaya sistema. U ehtikh dvukh sistem obnaruzhen ochen' razlichnyj vremennoj rezhim. V sluchayakh ser'eznykh avarij na ustanovkakh nulevoj moshchnosti atomy U{sup 235}, kotorye raspredeleny v plastinakh obogashchennogo urana, ochen' bystro nagrevayutsya, togda kak ostal'naya chast' aktivnoj zony po sushchestvu ostaetsya kholodnoj, i takim obrazom gazoobraznyj U{sup 235} sozdaet raspredelennoe davlenie. V doklade budet dano opisanie primeneniya k gazu Van der Vaalsa koda AX-I nejtronnoj fiziki i gidrodinamiki. Drugim vazhnym izmeneniem uravneniya sostoyaniya, ispol'zovannogo v kode, yavlyaetsya primenenie uravneniya Mie-Grinejzena, vyvedennoe iz teorii tverdogo sostoyaniya. EHto izmenenie daet vozmozhnost' bolee udovletvoritel'n o vyrazit' chlen davleniya dlya aktivnykh zon razlichnogo sostava. Vvidu togo, chto plastiny U{sup 235} s vysokim obogashcheniem v ustanovke nulevoj moshchnosti nagrevayutsya gorazdo bystree, chem obednennye uranovye plastiny, vozmozhnost' polucheniya rezul'tiruyushcheg o polozhitel'nogo ehffekta Dopplera namnogo bol'she v ehksperimental'noj ustanovke, chem v reaktore-razmnozhitel e ehkvivalentnoj moshchnosti. EHtot risk byl issledovan v otnoshenii ryada vozmozhnykh ustanovok. Ehti raschety ukazyvayut na to, chto koehffitsient Dopplera ustanovki nulevoj moshchnosti ne priobretaet opasnogo znacheniya, poka ne budut sozdany sistemy krupnykh ehnergeticheskikh reaktorov-razmnozhitelej na oksidnom toplive s ochen' myagkimi spektrami ehnergii nejtronov. (author)

Conceptual Model of the Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research Platform of Engure Ecoregion, Latvia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Melecis Viesturs

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Rakstā apskatīti nacionālā pētījumu projekta rezultāti, kuru mērķis - izstrādāt Latvijas LT(SER (Ilgtermiņa socioekoloģisko pētījumu platformas - Engures ekoreģiona integrēto konceptuālo modeli. Engures ekoreģionu veido piekrastes ezera sateces baseins (644 km2 ar Rīgas līča krasta un jūras piekrastes zonu. Ekoreģiona centrālo daļu veido Engures ezera dabas parks (EEDP - Ramsāres vieta. Konceptuālā modeļa pamatā ir DPSIR (virzošie spēki-slodzes-stāvokļi-ietekmes-rīcības koncepcija. Socioekoloģiskā sistēma tika telpiski strukturēta un virzošie spēki iedalīti divās grupās - ārējos un lokālos. Engures ekoreģions sadalīts septiņās zonās vai apakšreģionos ar izteiktām ģeoloģiskām un ģeogrāfiskām robežām. Katrai zonai raksturīgi specifiski virzošie spēki un slodzes kā arī specifiska ekosistēmu struktūra un biodaudzveidības elementi. Analizēti katra apakšreģiona galvenie virzošie spēki un slodzes trijos laika periodos: 19. gs. - 20 gs. sākums, padomju okupācijas periods (1940.-1991. g., periods pēc Latvijas neatkarības atgūšanas. Sniegti ekosistēmu stāvokļa un biodaudzveidības raksturojumi. Socioekonomiskās sistēmas aktīvā komponenta - cilvēka rīcības veido galvenokārt ekoreģionam ārējie faktori, tai skaitā vides likumdošana un finansu plūsmas zinātniskajiem pētījumiem un ekosistēmu apsaimniekošanai. Apskatīti divi alternatīvi Engures ekoreģiona attīstības scenāriji: 1 iedzīvotāju skaita samazināšanās un lauksaimniecības zemju aizaugšana; 2 lauksaimniecības, vietējās ražošanas uzņēmumu un būvniecības intensifikācija. Abos gadījumos ekosistēmu pašreizējais stāvoklis un sugu daudzveidības struktūra tiktu būtiski izmainīti. Reģiona ilgtspējīgu attīstību, saglabājot cilvēkam vēlamo ekosistēmu struktūru, iespējams nodrošināt, vienīgi ieviešot ekosistēmu apsaimniekošanas pasākumus, kas bāzēti uz

Individualized versus standard FSH dosing in women starting IVF/ICSI: an RCT. Part 1: The predicted poor responder.

Science.gov (United States)

van Tilborg, Theodora C; Torrance, Helen L; Oudshoorn, Simone C; Eijkemans, Marinus J C; Koks, Carolien A M; Verhoeve, Harold R; Nap, Annemiek W; Scheffer, Gabrielle J; Manger, A Petra; Schoot, Benedictus C; Sluijmer, Alexander V; Verhoeff, Arie; Groen, Henk; Laven, Joop S E; Mol, Ben Willem J; Broekmans, Frank J M

2017-12-01

study was funded by The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMW number 171102020). T.C.T., H.L.T. and S.C.O. received an unrestricted personal grant from Merck BV. H.R.V. receives monetary compensation as a member on an external advisory board for Ferring pharmaceutical BV. B.W.J.M. is supported by a NHMRC Practitioner Fellowship (GNT1082548) and reports consultancy for OvsEva, Merck and Guerbet. F.J.M.B. receives monetary compensation as a member of the external advisory board for Ferring pharmaceutics BV (the Netherlands) and Merck Serono (the Netherlands) for consultancy work for Gedeon Richter (Belgium) and Roche Diagnostics on automated AMH assay development (Switzerland) and for a research cooperation with Ansh Labs (USA). All other authors have nothing to declare. Registered at the ICMJE-recognized Dutch Trial Registry (www.trialregister.nl). Registration number NTR2657. 20 December 2010. 12 May 2011. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com

Reactor Physics Development for Advanced Gas-Cooled Reactors; Recherches en Physique des Reacteurs, pour des Reacteurs Perfectionnes Refroidis par un Gaz; Razrabotka metodov v oblasti reaktornoj fiziki dlya usovershenstvovannogo reaktora s gazovym okhlazhdeniem; Progresos de la Fisica de los Reactores de Tipo Avanzado Refrigerados por Gas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moore, J. [United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (United Kingdom)

1964-04-15

reshetki dlja reaktora AGR i proverki teoreticheskih metodov, razrabotannyh dlja geterogennyh aktivnyh zon reaktorov, ispol'zovalis' kriticheskaja ustanovka APEX i reaktor nulevoj moshhnosti HERO s obychnymi raspolozhenijami reshetok , i kombinacijami izmenjajushhih rabotu reaktora jelementov, naprimer regulirujushhih sterzhnej. Teoreticheskie metody, razrabotannye i primenjavshiesja do nastojashhego vremeni, izvestny kak ''getrekontrol'' i FTD2. Jeksperimenty imeli cel'ju podrobno proverit' osobennosti jetih metodov, i dlja opredelenija soglasovannogo mezhdu soboj rjada konstant reshetki, sootvetstvujushhih rezul'tatam jeksperimentov, byli proanalizirovany rezul'taty izmerenij, vypolnennyh na rjade ''reaktornyh'' aktivnyh zon razlichnogo razmera v ustanovkah APEX i HERO. Jeti chisto jempiricheskie konstanty byli zatem ispol'zovany v metodah getrekontrol' i FTD2 dlja uspeshnogo planirovanija vvoda v jekspluataciju i vybora vida nagruzki dlja Uindskejlskogo AGR. Daetsja ssylka na jeksperimental'nye metody, kotorye byli provereny ilj special'no razrabotany dlja reshenija vstretivshihsja problem. Osobyj interes predstavljajut metody, ispol'zovavshiesja dlja izmerenija jeffektov reaktivnosti v reaktorah APEX, HERO i AGR i dlja opredelenija dannyh tonkoj struktury i raspredelenija jenergij v slozhnyh toplivnyh sborkah. Osushhestvljaemye v nastojashhee vremja teoreticheskie raboty skoncentrirovany, glavnym obrazom, na razrabotke al'ternativnogo metoda v otnoshenii ''getrekontrolja'' i FTD2 dlja rascheta aktivnyh zon reaktora posle znachitel'nogo vygoranija topliva. Na jetom zhe budut skoncentrirovany raboty i v budushhem. Zadachej programmy jeksperimentov na ustanovke HERO javljaetsja ispytanie jetih metodov na slozhnyh aktivnyh zonah, vkljuchaja aktivnye zony s toplivom, proizvodjashhim plutonij. Dopolnitel'nye dannye o vlijanii plutonija bydut polucheny blagodarja jekspluatacii reaktora AGR i fizicheskim izmerenijam obluchennogo topliva. (author)

Karakterisering van het Etimologiewoordeboek van Afrikaans (EWA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fons Moerdijk

2011-10-01

Full Text Available

Samenvatting: Zesendertig jaar na Afrikaanse etimologieë van Boshoff en Nienaber verscheener in 2003 een nieuw etymologisch woordenboek van het Afrikaans: het Etimologiewoordeboek vanAfrikaans (EWA. Tussen die twee woordenboeken bestaat een wezenlijk verschil. Het werk vanBoshoff en Nienaber is vrijwel alleen toegankelijk voor specialisten en niet specifiek bedoeld vooreen breed publiek. EWA is juist allereerst bestemd voor de leek die zich interesseert voor de oorsprongen de geschiedenis van de eigen taal. Daarnaast biedt het ook de etymoloog en historischtaalkundige een hoop gegevens en inspiratie voor nader onderzoek. Als etymologisch woordenboekbezit EWA een aantal bijzondere, eigen kenmerken. De selectie van de woorden is bepaalddoor het beoogde gebruikerspubliek. Als gevolg daarvan bevat EWA verscheidene typen woordendie in traditionele etymologische woordenboeken doorgaans veronachtzaamd worden, zoals afleidingen,samenstellingen, neologismen en gemeenzame spreektaalwoorden. De artikelstructuurwordt gekenmerkt door een hoge graad van uniformiteit en consistentie. Het accent ligt op dezogenaamde etymologia proxima, de etymologie waarbij men één stap teruggaat en de meestdirecte herkomst van het woord biedt. Voorts is speciale aandacht besteed aan polysemie: nietalleen de herkomst van de dominante betekenis van een woord wordt gegeven, maar ook die vanzijn eventuele andere betekenis(sen. Benoemingsmotieven komen ook veelvuldig aan bod. In eeneventuele tweede druk zouden opvallende verschillen in vorm of betekenis altijd verklaard of inieder geval besproken moeten worden. Dat blijft nu nogal eens achterwege. Ook zou voorafgaandaan zo'n volgende editie meer onderzoek naar woordhistorisch materiaal uit primaire bronnenvoor met name de 17de–19de eeuw verricht moeten worden. Het zou mooi zijn als deze eersteuitgave van EWA de aanleiding tot een dergelijk onderzoek zou vormen.

Sleutelwoorden: BENOEMINGSMOTIEF, ETYMOLOGIA PROXIMA

Effect of specialty care on the low-level laser therapy for the patients with temporomandibular joint pain%低强度激光治疗颞下颌关节疼痛的临床专科护理∗

Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

叶莺; 张燕平; 刘然; 张静露

2015-01-01

) , but no significant differences ( P=0. 083) on hori-zon mandibular movement. Simple specialty care can improve the mandibular movement and relief pain intensity ( P<0. 001) . Conclusion Specialty care on TMJ is worthy for promoting in clinical application as itshows a significant im-provement in clinical signs and symptoms of TMJ pain.

Is IVF-served two different ways-more cost-effective than IUI with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation?

Science.gov (United States)

Tjon-Kon-Fat, R I; Bensdorp, A J; Bossuyt, P M M; Koks, C; Oosterhuis, G J E; Hoek, A; Hompes, P; Broekmans, F J; Verhoeve, H R; de Bruin, J P; van Golde, R; Repping, S; Cohlen, B J; Lambers, M D A; van Bommel, P F; Slappendel, E; Perquin, D; Smeenk, J; Pelinck, M J; Gianotten, J; Hoozemans, D A; Maas, J W M; Groen, H; Eijkemans, M J C; van der Veen, F; Mol, B W J; van Wely, M

2015-10-01

for IVF-MNC compared with IUI-COH. Nonparametric bootstrap resampling was used to investigate the effect of uncertainty in our estimates. There were 104 healthy children (52%) born in the IVF-SET group, 83 (43%) the IVF-MNC group and 97 (47%) in the IUI-COH group. The mean costs per couple were €7187 for IVF-SET, €8206 for IVF-MNC and €5070 for IUI-COH. Compared with IUI-COH, the costs for IVF-SET and IVF-MNC were significantly higher (mean differences €2117; 95% CI: €1544-€2657 and €3136, 95% CI: €2519-€3754, respectively).The ICER for IVF-SET compared with IUI-COH was €43 375 for the birth of an additional healthy child. In the comparison of IVF-MNC to IUI-COH, the latter was the dominant strategy, i.e. more effective at lower costs. We only report on direct health care costs. The present analysis is limited to 12 months. Since we found no evidence in support of offering IVF as a first-line strategy in couples with unexplained and mild subfertility, IUI-COH should remain the treatment of first choice. The study was supported by a grant from ZonMw, the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development, (120620027) and a grant from Zorgverzekeraars Nederland, the Netherlands' association of health care insurers (09-003). Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN52843371; Nederlands Trial Register NTR939. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Complexity, Metastability and Nonextensivity

Science.gov (United States)

Beck, C.; Benedek, G.; Rapisarda, A.; Tsallis, C.

Work and heat fluctuations in systems with deterministic and stochastic forces / E. G. D. Cohen and R. Van Zon -- Is the entropy S[symbol] extensive or nonextensive? / C. Tsallis -- Superstatistics: recent developments and applications / C. Beck -- Two stories outside Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics: Mori's Q-phase transitions and glassy dynamics at the onset of chaos / A. Robledo, F. Baldovin and E. Mayoral -- Time-averages and the heat theorem / A. Carati -- Fundamental formulae and numerical evidences for the central limit theorem in Tsallis statistics / H. Suyari -- Generalizing the Planck distribution / A. M. C. Soma and C. Tsallis -- The physical roots of complexity: renewal or modulation? / P. Grigolini -- Nonequivalent ensembles and metastability / H. Touchette and R. S. Ellis -- Statistical physics for cosmic structures / L. Pietronero and F. Sylos Labini -- Metastability and anomalous behavior in the HMF model: connections to nonextensive thermodynamics and glassy dynamics / A. Pluchino, A. Rapisarda and V. Latora -- Vlasov analysis of relaxation and meta-equilibrium / C. Anteneodo and R. O. Vallejos -- Weak chaos in large conservative systems - infinite-range coupled standard maps / L. G. Moyano, A. P. Majtey and C. Tsallis -- Deterministc aging / E. Barkai -- Edge of chaos of the classical kicked top map: sensitivity to initial conditions / S. M. Duarte Queirós and C. Tsallis -- What entropy at the edge of chaos? / M. Lissia, M. Coraddu and R. Tonelli -- Fractal growth of carbon schwarzites / G. Benedek ... [et al.] -- Clustering and interface propagation in interacting particle dynamics / A. Provata and V. K. Noussiou -- Resonant activation and noise enhanced stability in Josephson junctions / A. L. Pankratov and B. Spagnolo -- Symmetry breaking induced directed motions / C.-H. Chang and T. Y. Tsong -- General theory of Galilean-invariant entropic lattic Boltzmann models / B. M. Boghosian -- Unifying approach to the jamming transition in granular media and

The use of radioactive inserts in the study of metal deformation during tube-making processes; Emploi de fils metalliques radioactifs pour l'etude des deformations des metaux pendant la fabrication de tubes; Ispol'zovanie radioaktivnykh vtulok dlya izucheniya deformatsii metallov pri protsesse izgotovleniya trub; Empleo de insertos radiactivos en el estudio de la deformacion de los metales durante la fabricacion de tubos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Davison, W H.T. [Tube Investments Research Laboratories, Cambridge (United Kingdom)

1962-01-15

experimental, que es aplicable a los estudios sobre deformacion de los metales en general. En este metodo es preciso localizar el inserto radiactivo con un error no mayor de un milimetro, lo que exige un poder de resolucion superior al que requieren normalmente las tecnicas de exploracion medica. Se examinan los problemas correspondientes en terminos de energia gamma, diseno del colimador y discriminacion de energias. (author) [Russian] V nastoyashchej rabote rassmatrivaetsya vopros ob ispol'zovanii radio- aktivnykh vtulok pri izuchenii deformatsii stali v pirsing-protsesse s pomoshch'yu goryachego rotatsionnogo metoda. ZHeleznaya ili stal'naya provoloka aktiviruetsya v reaktore, pomeshchaetsya v truby, pro- sverlennye v zheleznykh ili stal'nykh zagotovkakh, kotorye zatem podvergayutsya obrabotke v normal'nykh proizvodstvennykh usloviyakh. Tshchatel'noe nablyudenie pokazyvaet, chto radiatsionnoe obluchenie i zagryazneniya ustanovki sovershenno neznachitel'ny. Posle okhlazhdeniya zagotovki podvergayutsya analizu v laboratorii putem primeneniya kollimirovannogo stsintillyatsionnogo schetchika, raspolozhennogo perpendikulyarno k poverkhnosti prosverlennoj zagotovki; krivye izodoz pokazyvayut formu deformiro- vannoj radioaktivnoj vtulki, raspolozhennoj pod pryamym uglom k poverkhnosti truby. Drugoj grafik poluchaetsya ot podobnogo roda razvertki uchastka, nakhodyashchegosya pod pryamym uglom k osi truby; pri pomoshchi dvukh poluchennykh grafikov poluchaetsya kartina v trekh izmereniyakh. V dokumente privodyatsya nekotorye rezul'taty, no osnovnoe vnimanie v nem udelyaetsya metodam provedeniya ehksperimentov, kotorye shiroko ispol'zuyutsya pri izuchenii defor- matsii metallov. Vtulki dolzhny byt' raspolozheny na rasstoyanii millimetra ili okolo ehtogo, dlya chego trebuetsya bolee vysokaya razreshayushchaya sposobnost' po sravneniyu s normal'nymi metodami issledovaniya, primenyaemymi v meditsine. Problemy dostizheniya ehtogo ras- smatrivayutsya v nastoyashchem doklade v zavisimosti

Cost-effectiveness of embryo transfer strategies: a decision analytic model using long-term costs and consequences of singletons and multiples born as a consequence of IVF.

Science.gov (United States)

van Heesch, M M J; van Asselt, A D I; Evers, J L H; van der Hoeven, M A H B M; Dumoulin, J C M; van Beijsterveldt, C E M; Bonsel, G J; Dykgraaf, R H M; van Goudoever, J B; Koopman-Esseboom, C; Nelen, W L D M; Steiner, K; Tamminga, P; Tonch, N; Torrance, H L; Dirksen, C D

2016-11-01

horizon of 1 year, eSETx3 was the most cost-effective embryo transfer strategy with a probability of being cost-effective of 99.9%. With a time horizon of 5 or 18 years, DETx3 was most cost-effective, with probabilities of being cost-effective of 77.3 and 93.2%, respectively. This is the first study to use QALYs generated by the children in the economic evaluation of embryo transfer strategies. There remains some disagreement on whether QALYs generated by new life should be used in economic evaluations of fertility treatment. A further limitation is that treatment ends when it results in live birth and that only child QALYs were considered as measure of effectiveness. The results for the time horizon of 18 years might be less solid, as the data beyond the age of 8 years are based on extrapolation. The current Markov model indicates that when child QALYs are used as measure of outcome it is not cost-effective on the long term to replace DET with single embryo transfer strategies. However, for a balanced approach, a family-planning perspective would be preferable, including additional treatment cycles for couples who wish to have another child. Furthermore, the analysis should be extended to include QALYs of family members. This study was supported by a research grant (grant number 80-82310-98-09094) from the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw). There are no conflicts of interest in connection with this article. Not applicable. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Maternal and neonatal consequences of treated and untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy: a prospective cohort study with an embedded randomised controlled trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Kazemier, Brenda M; Koningstein, Fiona N; Schneeberger, Caroline; Ott, Alewijn; Bossuyt, Patrick M; de Miranda, Esteriek; Vogelvang, Tatjana E; Verhoeven, Corine J M; Langenveld, Josje; Woiski, Mallory; Oudijk, Martijn A; van der Ven, Jeanine E M; Vlegels, Manita T W; Kuiper, Petra N; Feiertag, Nicolette; Pajkrt, Eva; de Groot, Christianne J M; Mol, Ben W J; Geerlings, Suzanne E

2015-11-01

composite of pyelonephritis with or without preterm birth at less than 34 weeks, analysed by intention to treat at 6 weeks post-partum. This trial is registered with the Dutch Trial Registry, number NTR3068. Between Oct 11, 2011, and June 10, 2013, we enrolled 5621 women into our screening cohort, of whom 5132 were eligible for screening. After exclusions for contaminated dipslides and patients lost to follow-up, in our final cohort of 4283 women, 248 were asymptomatic bacteriuria positive, of whom 40 were randomly assigned to nitrofurantoin and 45 to placebo for the randomised controlled trial, whereas the other 163 asymptomatic bacteriuria-positive women were followed without treatment. The proportion of women with pyelonephritis, preterm birth, or both did not differ between untreated or placebo-treated asymptomatic bacteriuria-positive women and asymptomatic bacteriuria-negative women (6 [2·9%] of 208 vs 77 [1·9%] of 4035; adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1·5, 95% CI 0·6-3·5) nor between asymptomatic bacteriuria-positive women treated with nitrofurantoin versus those who were untreated or received placebo (1 [2·5%] of 40 vs 6 [2·9%] of 208; risk difference -0·4, 95% CI -3·6 to 9·4). Untreated or placebo-treated asymptomatic bacteriuria-positive women developed pyelonephritis in five [2·4%] of 208 cases, compared with 24 [0·6%] of 4035 asymptomatic bacteriuria-negative women (adjusted OR 3·9, 95% CI 1·4-11·4). In women with an uncomplicated singleton pregnancy, asymptomatic bacteriuria is not associated with preterm birth. Asymptomatic bacteriuria showed a significant association with pyelonephritis, but the absolute risk of pyelonephritis in untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria is low. These findings question a routine screen-treat-policy for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy. ZonMw (the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development). Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of lifestyle intervention in obese infertile women.

Science.gov (United States)

van Oers, A M; Mutsaerts, M A Q; Burggraaff, J M; Kuchenbecker, W K H; Perquin, D A M; Koks, C A M; van Golde, R; Kaaijk, E M; Schierbeek, J M; Klijn, N F; van Kasteren, Y M; Land, J A; Mol, B W J; Hoek, A; Groen, H

2017-07-01

control group. Exploratory scenario analyses showed that after changing the effectiveness outcome to all live births conceived within 24 months, irrespective of delivery within or after 24 months, cost-effectiveness of the lifestyle intervention improved. Using this effectiveness outcome, the probability that lifestyle intervention preceding infertility treatment was cost-effective in anovulatory women was 40%, in completers of the lifestyle intervention 39%, and in women ≥36 years 29%. In contrast to the study protocol, we were not able to perform the analysis from a societal perspective. Besides the primary outcome of the LIFEstyle study, we performed exploratory analyses using outcomes observed at longer follow-up times and we evaluated subgroups of women; the trial was not powered on these additional outcomes or subgroup analyses. Cost-effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention is more likely for longer follow-up times, and with live births conceived within 24 months as the effectiveness outcome. This effect was most profound in anovulatory women, in completers of the lifestyle intervention and in women ≥36 years old. This result indicates that the follow-up period of lifestyle interventions in obese infertile women is important. The scenario analyses performed in this study suggest that offering and reimbursing lifestyle intervention programmes in certain patient categories may be cost-effective and it provides directions for future research in this field. The study was supported by a grant from ZonMw, the Dutch Organization for Health Research and Development (50-50110-96-518). The department of obstetrics and gynaecology of the UMCG received an unrestricted educational grant from Ferring pharmaceuticals BV, The Netherlands. B.W.J.M. is a consultant for ObsEva, Geneva. The LIFEstyle RCT was registered at the Dutch trial registry (NTR 1530). http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC = 1530. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press

Estudio de la aplicación de SPCH como fertilizante y en­mienda orgánica en un suelo vitícola Study of the application of SMC as fertilizer and as organic amendment on a vineyard soil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

C. Larrieta

2010-01-01

­room Substrate (SMC are yearly produced at La Rioja. These SMC have been accumu­lated at opencast dumping sites, which are a serious contamination source. Nowadays, in the agriculture, different SMC are widely used to replace the soil organic matter losses, to enhance the exchangeable phos­phorus and potassium, and to improve the soil porosity and its water retention. In this work, the annual application of SMC is evaluated as fertilizer and as or­ganic amendment for vineyard soil. A ex­perimental assay is performed with three blocks and five treatments on a Typic Hap­loxerepts. Two SMC: Recomposted SMC, and “Fresh” SMC (No recomposted SMC were evaluated for three SMC total amounts: 0, 8.000 and 25.000 kg·ha-1 (d.m.. The Organic matter, N (N-org+N-NH4+, pH, electrical conductivity, extractable P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, SO4(2-, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and B, among other elements, were evalu­ated in the soil profile. Nutrient content was not increased after two annual SMC applications on the soil for the most of nutrients. Only the higher amounts of SMC increased the available K+ and extractable sulphate in the upper hori­zon (0-30 cm. CE was also increased, al­though its values don’t represent a risk for the crop. However, considering the SMC amounts applied, it is neccessary the moni­toring of the CE and nutrient content in the soil to evaluate the SMC potential as a fertil­izer; velocity of the nutrient liberation; and the possible loss of nutrients. The SMC be­haviour could be simmilar to the behaviour of a low-liberation fertilizer. Therefore, con­tinuous applications could produce an ex­cessive amount of nitrogen and other nutri­ents in the soil, which will affect the crop yield and must quality. In addition, an ex­cessive liberation could agravate the nutrient lixiviation in vulnerable areas.

The Role of Non-Destructive Testing in Test-Reactor Operation at the National Reactor Testing Station; Role des Essais Non Destructifs dans l'Exploitation des Reacteurs d'Essai au Centre National d'Essais de Reacteurs; Rol' nedestruktivnykh ispytanij pri ehkspluatatsii ispytatel'nykh reaktorov na natsional'noj stantsii po ispytaniyam reaktorov; Papel de los Metodos No Destructivos en la Explotacion de los Reactores de la National Reactor Testing Station

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Francis, W. C.; Brown, E. S.; Burdick, E. E.; Gibson, G. W.; Tingey, F. H. [Phillips Petroleum Company, Atomic Energy Division, Idaho Falls, Idaho (United States)

1965-10-15

corrientes de Foucault. Otras tecnicas que han demostrado su utilidad son la inspeccion por penetracion de liquidos, los ensayos con nitrogeno liquido para detector grietas superficiales, los ensayos de recocido termico para determinar ampollas, y la exploracion gamma de placas irradiadas. Muestras de elementos combustibles tomadas estadisticamente se ensayan por metodos hidraulicos para confirmar su integridad estructural, especialmente la estabilidad de la union entre la placa combustible y la placa lateraL Constantemente se intenta mejorar las tecnicas actuales y perfeccionar nuevos procedimientos de inspeccion de caracter no destructivo. (author) [Russian] Bol'shie kapitalovlozhenija (bolee 100 mln. doll. ) v jadernye opytnye reaktory pri Nacional'noj labo- ratorii po ispytaniju reaktorov i neobhodimost' jekspluatirovat' ih bezopasno trebujut vyso- kokachestvennogo kontrolja za reaktorami i opytnymi komponentami v osobennosti za topli- vom i upravljajushhimi sterzhnjami. Pojetomu nedestruktivnye ispytanija igrajut ochen' vazhnuju rol' v opredelenii kachestva jetih komponentov do togo , kak oni ispol'zujutsja na opytnyh reaktorah. Hotja mnogie iz jetih opytov provodjatsja po horosho otrabotannym programmam, tem ne menee bylo razrabotano mnogo unikal'nyh sposobov i shiroko ispol'zuetsja obychnoe oborudovanie. Dolgoe vremja ispol'zovalis' ul'trazvukovye metody v celjah obnaruzhenija rakovin, nediffuzioznosti teplovydeljajushhih jelementov i vnutrennih treshhin. V poslednee vremja jeta rabota byla rasprostranena na avtomaticheskoe skennirovanie krivyh plastin i dlja o b - sledovanija obluchennyh toplivnyh plastin v kanalah dlja hranenija. Ves'ma interesnaja rabota byla provedena v dele primenenija ul'trazvuka dlja obnaruzhenija razryva hrupkih aktivnyh zon, kotoryj mozhet vozniknut' v prcesse izgotovlenija. Metod gamma-skennirovanija dlja opredelenija soderzhanija urana-235 v toplivnyh jele- mentah okazalsja nastol'ko nadezhnym, chto on javljaetsja osnovoj dlja podscheta

Individualized versus standard FSH dosing in women starting IVF/ICSI: an RCT. Part 2: The predicted hyper responder.

Science.gov (United States)

Oudshoorn, Simone C; van Tilborg, Theodora C; Eijkemans, Marinus J C; Oosterhuis, G Jur E; Friederich, Jaap; van Hooff, Marcel H A; van Santbrink, Evert J P; Brinkhuis, Egbert A; Smeenk, Jesper M J; Kwee, Janet; de Koning, Corry H; Groen, Henk; Lambalk, Cornelis B; Mol, Ben Willem J; Broekmans, Frank J M; Torrance, Helen L

2017-12-01

cumulative live birth rate was 66.3% (169/255) in the reduced versus 69.5% (185/266) in the standard group (relative risk (RR) 0.95 [95%CI, 0.85-1.07], P = 0.423). The occurrence of any grade of OHSS was lower after a lower FSH dose (5.2% versus 11.8%, RR 0.44 [95%CI, 0.28-0.71], P = 0.001), but the occurrence of severe OHSS did not differ (1.3% versus 1.1%, RR 1.25 [95%CI, 0.38-4.07], P = 0.728). As dose reduction was not less expensive (€4.622 versus €4.714, delta costs/woman €92 [95%CI, -479-325]), there was no dominant strategy in the economic analysis. Despite our training programme, the AFC might have suffered from inter-observer variation. Although strict cancellation criteria were provided, selective cancelling in the reduced dose group (for poor response in particular) cannot be excluded as observers were not blinded for the FSH dose and small dose adjustments were allowed in subsequent cycles. However, as first cycle live birth rates did not differ from the cumulative results, the open design probably did not mask a potential benefit for the reduced dosing group. As this RCT was embedded in a larger cohort study, the power in this study was unavoidably lower than it should be. Participants had a relatively low BMI from an international perspective, which may limit generalization of the findings. In women with a predicted hyper response scheduled for IVF/ICSI, a reduced FSH dose does not affect live birth rates. A lower FSH dose did reduce the incidence of mild and moderate OHSS, but had no impact on severe OHSS. Future research into ORT-based dosing in women with a predicted hyper response should compare various safety management strategies and should be powered on a clinically relevant safety outcome while assessing non-inferiority towards live birth rates. This trial was funded by The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMW, Project Number 171102020). SCO, TCvT and HLT received an unrestricted research grant from Merck Serono

Individualized FSH dosing based on ovarian reserve testing in women starting IVF/ICSI: a multicentre trial and cost-effectiveness analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

van Tilborg, Theodora C; Oudshoorn, Simone C; Eijkemans, Marinus J C; Mochtar, Monique H; van Golde, Ron J T; Hoek, Annemieke; Kuchenbecker, Walter K H; Fleischer, Kathrin; de Bruin, Jan Peter; Groen, Henk; van Wely, Madelon; Lambalk, Cornelis B; Laven, Joop S E; Mol, Ben Willem J; Broekmans, Frank J M; Torrance, Helen L

2017-12-01

hyper responders is open for further research. This study was funded by The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMW number 171102020). AMH measurements were performed free of charge by Roche Diagnostics. TCT, HLT and SCO received an unrestricted personal grant from Merck BV. AH declares that the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Groningen receives an unrestricted research grant from Ferring pharmaceutics BV, The Netherlands. CBL receives grants from Merck, Ferring and Guerbet. BWJM is supported by a NHMRC Practitioner Fellowship (GNT1082548) and reports consultancy for OvsEva, Merck and Guerbet. FJMB receives monetary compensation as a member of the external advisory board for Ferring pharmaceutics BV (the Netherlands) and Merck Serono (the Netherlands) for consultancy work for Gedeon Richter (Belgium) and Roche Diagnostics on automated AMH assay development (Switzerland) and for a research cooperation with Ansh Labs (USA). All other autors have nothing to declare. Registered at the ICMJE-recognized Dutch Trial Registry (www.trialregister.nl). Registration number: NTR2657. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com

Adsorption studies at ionized surface layers by means of hot atoms; Etude, a l'aide d'atomes excites, de l'adsorption dans des couches superficielles ionisees; Issledovanie pri pomoshchi goryachikh atomov adsorbtsii na ionizirovannykh poverkhnostnykh sloyakh; Estudios, con ayuda de atomos excitados, de la adsorcion en capas superficiales ionizadas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Avrahami, Menashe; Steiger, Naftali H [Department of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa (Israel)

1962-03-15

adsorcion de las especies ionizadas, fue posible seguir las reacciones superficiales por las que los aniones organicos adsorbidos inicialmente pasan al estado no ionico. Los autores pudieron deducir la formacion de un jabon acido no ionizado en la superficie y llegar a conclusiones sobre la formacion de micelas en la masa de la solucion, en diversas condiciones experimentales. (author) [Russian] S pomoshch'yu goryachikh atomov mozhno neposredstvenno issledovat' yavleniya adsorbtsii ionov na poverkhnosti rastvorov aktivnykh veshchestv s ionizirovannoj poverkhnost'yu. K takim rastvoram dobavlyayutsya chrezvychajno malye kolichestva sootvetstvuyushchikh radioaktivnykh ionov ili ionov, mogushchikh podvergnut'sya na meste navedennym yadernym pre- obrazovaniyam: ehti iony zamenyayut obychnye sluzhashchie dlya otscheta iony, adsorbirovannye vmeste s pervichnymi organicheskimi ionami. Goryachie atomy s ehnergiej priblizitel'no ot 100 kehv i vplot' do neskol'kikh ehlektronvol't dayut v vode sloi tolshchinoj priblizitel'no ot 1000 angstremov i vplot' do odnomolekulyarnykh. EHto delaet ikh prigodnymi dlya izucheniya chuvstvitel'nogo poverkhnostnogo sloya. Goryachie atomy, vytalkivaemye s poverkhnosti, sobirayutsya i podvergayutsya otschetu. Sredi otdach, ispytyvayushchikh al'fa-raspad, okazalas' podkhodyashchej sistema Bi-212/Tl-208. Putem dal'nejshej razrabotki ehtogo metoda mogli byt' polucheny tsennye svedeniya otnositel'no uslovij adsorbtsii na poverkhnostnykh sloyakh sernokislogo natriya dodetsilovoj kisloty. Kinetika adsorbtsii byla izuchena nablyudeniem vo vremeni za aktivnost'yu sobrannoj otdachi, vyzvannoj adsorbtsiej ionov vismuta. Byli zamereny izotermy adsorbtsii ionov vismuta v funktsii ot massovoj kontsentratsii poverkhnostnogo aktivnogo veshchestva v razlichnykh usloviyakh ionnoj intensivnosti, a takzhe rN i aktivnost' Bi-212. Putem sopostavleniya ehtikh izoterm s izotermami, poluchennymi izmereniem poverkhnostnogo napryazheniya rastvorov i putem podscheta

The Hydrographical Features of the Baltic Sea and the Disposal of Radioactive Wastes; L'Hydrographie de la Mer Baltique et l'Evacuation des Dechets Radioactifs; 0413 0418 0414 0420 041e 0413 0420 0414 ; Caracteristicas Hidrograficas del Mar Baltico en Relacion con la Evacuacion de Desechos Radiactivos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hela, Ilmo [Institute of Marine Research Helsinki (Finland)

1960-07-01

de escasa velocidad. En la memoria se examinan todos estos factores que reducen la difusion turbulenta, tanto vertical como horizontal. Para evaluar la conveccion yla difusion turbulenta, tanto en las capas superficiales como en las profundas, es preciso efectuar observaciones sinopticas de la velocidad de las corrientes y de la salinidad de las aguas en numerosos puntos de distintas zonas del Baltico y en diferentes condiciones meteorologicas. (author) [Russian] Cel' dannogo dokumenta ukazat' neskol'ko gidrograficheskih osobennostej Baltijskogo morja, kotorye otlichajut jeto more v tom, chto kasaetsja udalenija radioaktivnyh othodov, ot ljubogo okeanicheskogo rajona. S tochki zrenija prakticheskoj problemy udalenija radioaktivnyh izotopov, morja mozhno razdelit' na sledujushhie zony: 1) gavani, 2) farvatery, vedushhie k gavanjam, 3) vnekontinental'nyj shel'f, 4) otkrytoe more. V svete vysheizlozhennogo, Baltijskoe more ne javljaetsja otkrytym morem. Krome togo, neobhodimo tshhatel'no proverit' s pomoshh'ju dal'nejshih gidrograficheskih issledovanij obosnovannost' pravil, kotorye rekomendovany dlja vysheupomjanutyh zon, tak kak 1) vse Baltijskoe more javljaetsja v nekotorom smysle ust'em, glubina kotorogo do poroga sostavljaet tol'ko 18 metrov v Datskih prolivah, 2) obrazovanie smesi v Baltijskom more bolee ogranichenno, chem v okeanah, tak kak Baltijskoe more bogato ostrovami, solonovatoe, s bol'shimi nasloenijami, fakticheski ne imeet prilivov i otlivov, zimoj chastichno pokryto l'dom i imeet neznachitel'nye vetry, imeet tol'ko medlennoe postojannoe techenie. V dannom dokumente ukazyvajutsja vse jeti faktory, kotorye snizhajut kak vertikal'nuju, tak i gorizontal'nuju turbulentnuju diffuziju. Dlja opredelenija advekcii i turbulentnoj (vihrevoj) diffuzii kak v verhnih vodnyh slojah, tak i na dne, neobhodimo imet' sinopticheskie dannye o skorosti techenija i o solenosti v rjade punktov v neskol'kih rajonah Baltijskogo morja i pri razlichnoj pogode. (author)

Digital Base Band Converter As Radar Vlbi Backend / Dbbc Kā Ciparošanas Sistēma Radara Vlbi Novērojumiem

Science.gov (United States)

Tuccari, G.; Bezrukovs, Vl.; Nechaeva, M.

2012-12-01

, tādējādi realizējot vienas antenas vai interferometrisku signāla detektēšanu. DBBC sistēma ar radara VLBI programmatūruspēj realizēt augstas izšķirtspējas spektra analīzi, saglabājot atbalss signālu arsagaidāmo frekvenci centrālajā zonā un ieskaitot nepieciešamās Doplera frekvencesnobīdes korekcijas. Tālāk, izmantojot dažādus ievadparametrus, iespējamspielietot ļoti ilgu integrācijas laiku ārkārtīgi vāju signālu detektēšanai. Izmantojotreālā laika informāciju, turpmāk ir iespējams viegli analizēt nepieciešamo apgabaluun detektēt nezināmus objektus vai objektus ar neprecīzi zināmiem orbītu parametriem.Rakstā izklāstītas paredzamās minētās programmatūras funkcijas un tāsizmantošanas plāni pirmajos novērojumos.

MASURCA, a Fast-Neutron Critical Mock-Up: Operation and Uses; MASURCA. Maquette Critique a Neutrons Rapides. Description Fonctionnelle et Obiectifs; ''MAZURKA'' - kriticheskaya model' na bystrykh nejtronakh. funktsional'noe opisanie i tseli; Descripcion Funcional y Objetivos de la Maqueta Critica de Neutrones Rapidos 'MASURCA '

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Schmitt, A. P.; Storrer, F.; Vendryes, G. [Association CEA-EURATOM, Cadarache (France); Tavernier, G.; Van Dievoet, J. [Societe Belgo-Nucleaire, Bruxelles (Belgium)

1964-02-15

. (author) [Russian] V nastojashhee vremja v Centre jadernyh issledovanij Kadarash v ramkah Associacii Evratom -KAJe konstruiruetsja kriticheskij maket na bystryh nejtro- nah pod nazvaniem {sup M}azurka{sup .} Jeta ustanovka obladaet bol'shimi vozmozhnostjami dlja pro- vedenija jeksperimentov i prednaznachena glavnym obrazom dlja provedenija issledovanij na krupnyh plutonievyh kriticheskih sborkah bez zamedlitelej s otnositel'no podvizhnym nej- tronnym spektrom. Izlagajutsja celi issledovanij, dlja osushhestvlenija kotoryh podobnaja ustanovka dolzhna otvechat' opredelennym uslovijam. Prezhde vsego ona dolzhna imet' bol'shuju gibkost' v ispol'zovanii i obespechivat' pochti absoljutnuju bezopasnost' v rabote. Problema bezopasnosti byla reshena putem: 1 .Issledovanija prisushhej ustanovke bezopasnosti; jelementy, imitirujushhie toplivo, pozvolili poluchit': a) kojefficient otricatel'noj reaktivnosti v rezul'tate kumu- ljativnogo prodol'nogo rasshirenija jetih jelementov; b) otricatel'nyj kojefficient Dopplera. 2 .Ispol'zovanija puchka avarijnyh upravljajushhih sterzhnej i kompensirujushhih sterzhnej; jeti sterzhni mogut razmeshhat'sja na reshetke s kvadratom 30 sm. 3.Primenenija germeticheskoj kamery s argonom na sluchaj pozhara. 4 . Strogogo administrativnogo kontrolja. Vybor metallicheskogo splava uran -plutonij -zhelezo v kachestve osnovnogo jelementa imitirovanija topliva zastavljaet predusmatrivat' ohlazhdenie krupnyh kriticheskih sborok v ustanovke. Natrij v kachestve zhidkogo ohladitelja dlja modeliruemyh reaktorov predstavlen natrie- vymi palochkami v obolochke iz nerzhavejushhej stali. Jeta ustanovka predstavljaet soboj vertikal'no-monoblokovyj tip. Takoj vybor ob{sup -} jasnjaetsja stremleniem poluchit' maksimal'nyj ob{sup e}m aktivnyh zon, kotoryj bylo predusmot- reno modelirovat' (porjadka 5000 l). Imitirujushhie jelementy imejut formu prjamoj prizmy s kvadratnym osnovaniem (krome toplivnyh jelementov s krugovoj osnovoj) s vneshnej storonoj (ili diametrom) 12,7 mm

Study on the Localization of Iodine in the Stomach; Etude de la Localisation de l'Iode dans l'Estomac; Izuchenie lokalizatsii joda v zheludke; Estudio de la Localizacion del Yodo en el Estomago

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Clode, W. H.; Perez Fernandez, M. A.; Baptista, A. M. [Comissao de Estudos de Energia Nuclear do Instituto de Alta Cultura, Lisbon (Portugal); Simao Rodrigues, M.; Murteira, M. A. [Instituto Portugues de Oncologia, Lisbon (Portugal)

1964-10-15

estudios los autores han llegado a la conclusion de que ciertas regiones del estomago normal desempefian un papel importante en el metabolismo del yodo. La localizacion de las zonas en que la concentracion de radiactividad es mas elevada indica que la excrecion de yodo puede ser regida por varios mecanismos. Estas observaciones corroboran los resultados obtenidos por otros investigadores con metodos diferentes. La exploracion efectuada 24 h despues de administrar {sup 131}I permitio detectar el cancer del estomago en la mayorla de los pacientes afectados por esa enfermedad. Estos resultados se explican no solo por el hecho de que el yodo se concentra en las celulas tumorales sino tambien porque las paredes del estomago retienen cierta cantidad de este elemento. En la mayor parte de los casos, la concentracion de yodo radiactivo en el tumor no fue superior a la observada en aquellas regiones de la mucosa gastrica en que se produce una absorcion incrementada de este elemento. (author) [Russian] Avtory izuchali lokalizaciju joda v zheludke posle vnutrivennoj in{sup e}kcii iodida, mechennogo jodom-131, ispol'zuja dlja jetogo vysokokontrastnuju sistemu fotoskennirovanija. Issledovanie provodilos' cherez razlichnye promezhutki vremeni posle in{sup e}kcii (obychno cherez 2, 24 i 48 chasov) u bol'nyh, ne stradajushhih nikakimi zheludochnymi zabolevanijami, bol'nyh s rakom zheludka i bol'nyh s pepticheskoj jazvoj. Izuchalos' takzhe raspredelenie radioaktivnogo joda v zheludkah sobaki i cheloveka, udalennyh hirurgicheskim putem v razlichnoe vremja posle in{sup e}kcii radioaktivnogo joda. V udalennyh hirurgicheskim putem zheludkah dlja ob{sup j}asnenija poluchennyh dannyh opredeljalas' udel'naja aktivnost' tkanej, otnosjashhihsja k predstavljajushhim interes oblastjam, obnaruzhen** nym skennirovaniem. Na osnovanii poluchennyh dannyh avtory delajut vyvod, chto v normal'nom zheludke sushhestvujut oblasti, kotorye igrajut osobuju rol' v metabolizme joda. Lokalizacija zon samoj vysokoj

Diagnosis and treatment of a local and afterwards generalized plutonium contamination; Diagnostic et traitement d'un cas d'intoxication par le plutonium local d'abord et generalise ensuite; Diagnoz i lechenie mestnogo i posledukshego generalizirovannogo porazheniya plutoniem; Diagnostico y tratamiento de una contaminacion local y luego general por plutonio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lafuma, J. [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires, Fontenay-aux-Roses (France)

1963-02-15

a intervenir reduciendo la contaminacion interna de la mano hasta 2 {mu}c. Si bien esta actividad no se pudo localizar, se somete a vigilancia periodica. Simultaneamente con la descontaminacion quirurgica, se procedio a una descontaminacion interna con DTPA. Inmediatamente despues del accidente, se tomaron muestras de sangre, orina y heces y se midieron sus actividades. Despues se recogieron diariamente muestras de orina; durante cada periodo de tratamiento, se tomaron asimismo muestras de sangre y de heces. Todas las mediciones indican que el DTPA es sumamente eficaz en-el caso de contaminacion interna por {sup 239}Pu. Tambien parece que el porcentaje de plutonio de la sangre que se elimina por el riflon varia con el tiempo. Este porcentaje aumenta, lo que indica que el plutonio es transportado por la sangre en diversas formas ionicas o coloidales que los rinones filtran en grado variable. Existen, pues, razones para suponer que la actividad de la orina no refleje fielmente el grado de contaminacion interna. (author) [Russian] Vo vremya avarii obe ruki tekhnika okazalis' porazheny shestivalentn'sh azotnokislym plutoniem-239. Zagryaznenie odnoj tol'ko levoj ruki, izmerennoe s pomoshch'yu rentgenometra, sostavilo okolo 60 mkkyuri. Pervoe provedennoe pod mestnoj anesteziej obbezzarakhivanie pozvolilo svesti zagryaznenie do 15 mkkyuri. Skanirovanie privelo v lokalizatsii neskol'kikh zon aktivnosti. Khirurgicheskoe vmeshatel'stvo, proizvedennoe pod povyazkoj EHsmakha i pod kontrolem rentgenometra i alfa-schetchika, svelo zagryaznenie c 15 do 5 mkkyuri pri sokhranenii polnoty funktsii ruk. Povtornoe skanirovanie pozvolilo lokalizovat' novuyu zonu aktivnosti, a povtornoe vmeshatel'stvo umen'shilo vnutrennee zarazhenie ruki do 2 mkkyuri. Lokalizovat' dannuyu aktivnost', za razvitiem kotoroj osushchestvlyalsya regulyarnyj kontrol', ne predstavilos' vozmozhnym. Parallel'no s ehtim khirurgicheskim obezzarazhivaniem bylo predprinyato vnutrennee obezzarazhivanie s pomoshch

Inelastic Neutron Scattering from Doped Germanium and Silicon; Diffusion Inelastique des Neutrons dans du Germanium et du Silicium Contenant une 'Impurete'; Neuprugoe rasseyanie nejtronov na germanii i kremnii s prisadkoj; Dispersion Inelastica de Neutrones en Germanio y Silicio Deliberadamente Impurificados

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dolling, G. [Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON (Canada)

1965-04-15

experimental. En los casos mas favorables, esta exactitud (relativa) alcanza al 0,5% del valor de la frecuencia, y llega hasta 2,0 Degree-Sign Inverted-Exclamation-Mark o tratandose de algunos modos opticos longitudinales en el silicio. (author) [Russian] Normal'nye formy kolebanija chistyh poluprovodnikov germanija i kremnija shiroko izuchalis' s pomoshh'ju kogerentnogo odnofononnogo rassejanija medlenny nejtronov na mono-kristallicheskih obrazcah. V dannom doklade opisyvajutsja analogichnye jeksperimenty, vypolnennye 1) s germaniem s bol'shoj prisadkoj ( Tilde-Operator 0,1%) a) mysh'jaka i '') galija, a takzhe 2) s kremniem s fosfornoj prisadkoj. V kazhdom sluchae kontrol'nye jeksperimenty provodilis' na kristallah vysokoj chistoty. Vse izmerenija vypolnjalis' na trehosnom kristallicheskom spektrometre v laboratorijah v Chok- River. Kak izvestno, postojannaja uprugosti C{sub 44} dlja germanija v znachitel'noj stepeni zavisit ot koncentracii prisadki, i pojetomu nekotorye poperechnye akusticheskie koljobanija (TA) s bol'shoj dlinoj volny izuchalis' s cel'ju vyjasnenija nalichija takih jeffektov v dispergirujushhej oblasti. Drugie TA kolebanija, chastoty kotoryh mozhno izmerjat' s vysokoj stepen'ju tochnosti, takzhe izuchalis' v oboih materialah s cel'ju vozmozhno bolee tochnoj proverki nebol'shih jeffektov, kotorye mozhno bylo by pripisat' nalichiju izbytka jelektronov ili dyrok. Osobenno tshhatel'no izuchalis' kolebanija so sledujushhimi volnovymi vektorami (aq/2{pi}, gde a -storona kubicheskoj jelementarnoj jachejki): 1) v germanii (1; 0; 0); 2) v kremnii (0.85; 0.85; 0) i (0.3; 0;0). Mozhno bylo by predpolozhit', chto takie normal'nye kolebanija projavjat neobychnye cherty v kristallah n-nogo tipa, poskol'ku dlja rassejanija jelektronov mezhdu sosednimi minimumami zon provodimosti potrebovalos' by vzaimodejstvie dlja sohranenija {sup i}mpul'sa kristalla{sup .} Rezul'taty vo vseh sluchajah byli otricatel'nymi, t.e. v predelah tochnosti jeksperimentov ne nabljudalos' nikakih

A Scintillation Camera for Kinetic Studies of the Distribution of Radioactive Nuclides in the Brain; Chambre a Scintillation pour des Etudes sur la Cinetique de la Repartition des Radionucleides dans le Cerveau; Stsintillyatsionnaya kamera dlya kineticheskogo issledovaniya raspredeleniya radioaktivnykh izotopov v tkani mozga; Camara de Centelleo para Estudiar la Cinetica de la Distribucion de Radionuclidos en el Cerebro

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gross, W. [Radiological Research Laboratory, Department Of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY (United States); Schlesinger, E. B.; De Boves, S. [Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)

1964-10-15

corresponder a la situacion espacial de los contadores de centelleo. La modulacion de la intensidad del haz del osciloscopio y la supresion de la actividad de fondo facilitan la visualizacion de la distribucion de actividad. (author) [Russian] Razrabotana scintil- ljacionnaja kamera, special'no prednaznachennaja dlja izuchenija kinetiki raspredelenija radioaktivnyh izotopov v tkani mozga. Jetot pribor sostoit iz dvuh grupp, aktivirovannyh talliem kristallov NaJ razmerom 1,8 X 2,5 sm , prichem 63 kristalla kazhdoj gruppy soboany v porjadok 7 x 9 na 2 ,5 -sm centrah. Jeti gruppy m ogut byt' raspolozheny takim o'razom, chtoby odnovremenno poluchat' ob e bokovye proekcii ili odnu bokovuju i odnu za dne-perednjuju ili peredne-zadnjuju proekciju. Pole zrenija kazhdogo kristalla ogranicheno kollimatorom, so stojashhim iz 19 suzhivajushhihsja kanalov s parallel'nymi osjam i. Jeta konstrukcija imeet chuvstvitel'nost' pochti ravnuju polnoj shirote na polovine rasstojanija douslovnogo istochnika opuholi po vsem rasstojanijam do 10 cm ot perednej chasti kollimatora. Jeta chuvstvitel'nost' dostatochno shiroka, chtoby izbezhat' neradioaktivnyh zon , i v to zhe vremja dostatochno uzka , chtoby pozvolit' tochnoe nabljudenie raspredelenija aktivnosti v techenie neskol'kih minut, pri ispol'zovanii normal'nyh indikatornyh doz j o d a -131. Kazhdyj kristall opticheski s o edinen so svoim fotoumnozhitelem v obshhej upakovke. Vyhodnye impul'sy fotoumnozhitelej analizirujutsja s pomoshh'ju diskriminatorov i informacija hranitsja v cifrovoj forme v chetverti zapominajushhego ustrojstva 512-kanal'nogo analizatora vysokih impul'sov. Sovpadajushhie po vremeni impul'sy iz razlichnyh d e tektorov mogut prinimat'sja v jetoj ust anovke s neznachitel'nymi p ot er jam i . Schityvanie dannyh vozmozhno v neskol'kih formah. Mozhno poluchit' dannye v cifrovoj forme, v mashinopisnoj forme ili v vide perfokart. Poslednie mozhno vvesti obratno v pribor dlja povtornogo izuchenija. Analogichnoe schityvanie

Contributions of Geology to the Problem of Radioactive Waste Disposal; Contributions de la Geologie au Probleme de l'Elimination des Dechets Radioactifs; 0412 041a 041b 0410 0414 0413 0415 041e 0414 ; Contribucion de la Geologia a la Resolucion de los Problemas que Plantea la Evacuacion de Desechos Radiactivos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nace, R. L. [Water Resources Division, Geological Survey, Washington 25, DC (United States)

1960-07-01

, geohimicheskih i sejsmicheskih faktorov. Krome togo, byl proveden regional'nyj analiz osnovnyh harakteristik glavnyh fizicheskih zon Soedinennyh Shtatov i svjazi jetih harakteristik s udaleniem i zahoroneniem othodov. Osobye problemy vkljuchajut izuchenie nastojashhego i potencial'nogo povedenija obychnyh othodov v konkretnyh geologicheskih strukturah. Drugie issledovanija kasajutsja vozmozhnogo ispol'zovanija strukturnyh sinklinalij, stratigraficheskih skladok, soljanyh plastov i soljanyh kupolov dlja zahoronenija i sohranenija vysokoaktivnyh othodov. Bylo provedeno mnogo obshhih i neskol'ko detal'nyh izuchenij izmerenija fonovoj radiacii. Voda javljaetsja reshajushhim faktorom v probleme udalenija othodov; v svjazi s jetim byli izucheny nekotorye prirodnye processy, pri kotoryh voda mozhet ochishhat'sja ili izmenjat' svoj himicheskij sostav. Byli dostignuty znachitel'nye rezul'taty v izuchenii processov dispersii i diffuzii v podzemnyh i poverhnostnyh vodah, skorosti rasprostranenija zagrjaznjajushhih veshhestv v potokah, mehaniki podzemnyh vodnyh potokov v zernistyh porodah, podvodnyh potokov v treshhinovatyh skal'nyh porodah i povedenija vody i himicheskih rastvorov v zone ajeracii. Byli takzhe izucheny problemy teplovogo i himicheskogo ravnovesija, kotorye mogli by vozniknut', esli by vysokoaktivnye othody byli vvedeny v geologicheskie formacii. Byli provedeny geologicheskie, petrografichjoskie i geofizicheskie issledovanija konkretnyh rajonov, a issledovanija po mineralogii glin, ionoobmena i geohimii byli neposredstvenno uvjazany s problemoj udalenija othodov. (author)

Electronic Modification of the Scintigram and its Limitations; Modification Electronique des Scintigrammes: Limitations; Ehlektronnoe usovershenstvovanie stsintigrammy i ego ogranicheniya; Modificacion Electronica de los Centelleogramas: Sus Limitaciones

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Conrad, B.; Horst, W. [University Clinic for Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine Cantonal Hospital, Zurich (Switzerland)

1964-10-15

sobljudat' nekotorye o s novnye zakonomernosti dlja togo, chtoby poluchit' maksimum informacii. Jeti zak on om ernosti razrabotany pri ispol'zovanii sledujushhih parametrov i funkcij, kotorye v celom harakterizujut transformirujushhie sistemy vseh vidov: 1. Jelementarnaja jachejka pervichnoj informacii, opredelja em aja intervalami vremeni ili predvaritel'no otobrannym chislom o tschetov, it.d. 2. Funkcija preobrazovanija informacii, v sootvetstvii s kotoroj jelementarnaja jachejka . predstavljaetsja na scintigramme (naprimer, stepen'ju potemnenija fotopjatna). Chasto jet a funkcija r a ssmatri v aet sja kak okonchatel'naja harakteristika transformirujushhej sistemy; odnako jet o spravedlivo tol'ko pri neznachitel'nyh statisticheskih kolebanijah. 4 Povedenie transformirujushhej si st emy , vkljuchaja st atisticheskie kolebanija, opisyvaetsja sledujushhimi funkcijami, kotorye pokazyvajut kachestvo scintigrammy s kolichestvennoj tochki zrenija. 3. Funkcija generacii snimka, v sootvetstvii s kotoroj srednjaja velichina skorosti scheta v zon e transformiruetsja v sredne e potemnenie sootvetstvujushhej zony na scintig ramme. Jeta funkcija da et kontrastnoe usi lenie. 4. Funkcija dostovernosti, kotoraja opisyvaet poterju informacii, prichinennuju transformaciej. Jeta funkcija da et stepen' pravil'nosti vosproizvedenija izobrazhenija. Na osnove vysheukazannyh opredelenij v doklade rassmatrivajutsja sledujushhie problemy: optimal'nyj ''razmer'' jachejki pervichnoj informacii v zavisimosti ot razreshajushhej sposobnosti detektora; optimal'naja forma transformirujushhej funkcii dlja razlichnyh celej; nekotorye jelektronnye kontury dlja realizacii takih funkcij. V chastnosti budet podrobno opisan pribor, kotoryj daet optimal'noe znachenie linejn ogo predstavlenija pri ispol'zovanii sootvetstvujushhim obra zom podobrannoj nelinejnoj transformirujushhej funkcii. Takim obrazom, interval chistoj skorosti scheta v promezhutke mezhdu fonovoj i maksimal'noj skorost'ju scheta proeciruetsja

Techniques Which Aid in Quantitative Interpretation of Scan Data; Methodes Facilitant l'Interpretation Quantitative des Scintigrammes; Metody, oblegchayushchie kolichestvennuyu interpretatsiyu dannykh skennirovaniya; Tecnicas Que Facilitan la Interpretacion Cuantitativa de los Datos Centelleograficos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Charleston, D. B.; Beck, R. N.; Eidelberg, P.; Schuh, M. W. [Argonne Cancer Research Hospital, Chicago, IL (United States)

1964-10-15

jelektronnyh pereschetnyh us troj stv . Neposredstvennyj i chrezvychajno poleznyj metod ispol'zovanija generatora besporjadochnyh impul'sov sluzhit dlja nanesenija kalibrovannyh ustupchato-klinoobraznyh otmetok, kotorye proektirujutsja na plenku t em zhe samym istochnikom sveta, kotoryj ispol'zuetsja vo vremja skennirovanija; jeto daet vozmozhnost' prosmotrovoj golovke sravnivat' plotnost' obluchenija izuchaemyh zon skennirovanija s analogichnymi zonami na klinoobraznyh otmetkah, kotorye kalibrovany neposredstvenno v edinicah skorosti scheta. Vspomogatel'noe oborudovanie, kak naprimer mnogokanal'nyj analizator, ispol'zuemyh pri sposobe mnozhestvennyh schetov, pozvoljaet nakopljat' cifrovuju informaciju dlja poluchenija 'obshhego chisla schetov na strochku skennirovanija'' dlja kazhdogo shaga pokazatelja. Bylo provedeno skennirovanie melkih zhivotnyh, kotoroe pozvolja et nakopljat' dannye i davat' ''chislo schetov na strochku skennirovanija'' dlja kazhdogo shaga pokazatelja. Jeto da et tochnoe kolichestvennoe izmerenie raspredelenija aktivnosti v tele zhivotnogo, a takzhe izobrazhaet profil' aktivnosti, analogichnyj tomu, kotoryj poluchaetsja pri shhelevom linejnom skennirovanii. Tot zhe samyj metod mnozhestvennyh schetov primenja etsja idale e putem nakoplenija chislennoj informacii dlja poluchenija {sup c}hisla schetov na edinicu ploshhadi{sup .} Dlja kazhdoj strochki skennirovanija kazhdogo shaga pokazatelja poluchaetsja otdel'naja krivaja profilja. Jeto daet vozmozhnost' opredeljat' skorost' scheta ili stroit' sootvetstvujushhij profil' dlja kazhdoj ploshhadi. Pokazanija skennirovanija s usileniem kontrasta ili beznego, a takzhe s ''otstavaniem'' ili bezne go v integrirujushhem konture diagrammy skennirovanija s razlichnymi razmerami i formami pjaten byli polucheny v identichnyh statisticheskih uslovijah pri pomoshhi m no go kratnogo skennirovanija fantoma odnim detektorom . Neposredstvennoe sravnenie jetih pokazanij sovmestno s metodom sostavlenija grafikov {sup c

Granitoid magmatism of Alarmaut granite-metamorphic dome, West Chukotka, NE Russia

Science.gov (United States)

Luchitskaya, M. V.; Sokolov, S. D.; Bondarenko, G. E.; Katkov, S. M.

2009-04-01

Main tectonic elements of West Chukotka are Alazey-Oloy, South-Anyui and Anyui-Chukotka fold systems, formed as a result of collision between structures of North-Asian continent active margin and Chukotka microcontinent [1-3]. South-Anyui fold system, separating Alazey-Oloy and Anyui-Chukotka systems, is considered as suture zon, formed as a result of oceanic basin closing [4-6]. Continent-microcontinent collision resulted in formation of large orogen with of northern and southern vergent structures, complicated by strike-slip deformations [7, 8]. Within Anyui-Chukotka fold system several rises, where most ancient deposits (crystalline basement and Paleozoic cover of Chukotka microcontinent) are exposed, were distinguished [2, 9-11]. Later they were considered as granite-metamorphic domes [12-14]. Alarmaut dome is located at West Chukotka to the north from Bilibino city and is traced from south to north in more than 120 km. General direction of structure is discordant to prevailing NW extensions of tectonic elements of the region. Paleozoic-Triassic deposits are exposed within the Alarmaut dome: 1) D3-C1 - crystalline schists, quartz-feldspar metasandstones, quartzites, marbles (700 m) [11]; 2) C1 - marblized limestones, quartz-feldspar metasandstones, quartzites, amphibole-pyroxene crystalline schists. Limestones contain corals, indicating Visean age of deposits [11]. Metamorphism reaches amphibolite facies, maximum P-T conditions are 660°С and 5 kbar. Migmatites, indicating in situ partial melting, are observed. Intensity of deformations of Paleozoic rocks increases at the boundary with Triassic deposits [11]; in the western part of dome slices of Pz rocks are separated by blastomylonite horizons [14]. Within Alramaut dome granitoids of Lupveem batholith (central part of dome), Bystrinsky pluton (southeastern part), and small Koyvel' and Kelil'vun plutons were studied. New U-Pb SHRIMP zircon data indicate Early Cretaceous (117-112 m.a.) age of granitoids [15

Coincidence scanning with positron-emitting arsenic or copper in the diagnosis of focal intracranial disease; Exploration par coincidences avec l'Arsenic ou le Cuivre Emetteurs de Positrons dans le Diagnostic des Maladies intracraniennes localisees; Raspoznavanie ochagovykh vnutricherepnykh zabolevanij putem podscheta (skanirovaniya) sovpralenij s primeneniem mysh'yaka ili medi, vydelyayushchikh pozitrony; Exploracion por coincidencia con arsenico o cobre emisores de positrones en el diagnostico de enfermedades intracraneanas localizadas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sweet, William H; Mealey, John Jr; Brownell, Gordon L; Aronow, Saul [Departments of Surgery and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and Neurosurgical Service and Physics Research Laboratory of Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (United States)

1959-07-01

suficiente para proceder a la reseccion quirurgica, quizas sea esta la contribucion mas importante del metodo hasta la fecha. En cambio, los resultados con tumores subtentoriales fueron menos satisfactorios, pues se fracaso en 23 de 39 casos, es decir en el 59 por ciento. En el grupo de enfermedades benignas, el arsenico permitid localizar 7 de 8 hematomas subdurales, mientras que la exploracion mediante cobre no dio ningun resultado positivo en tres casos. En cuatro casos sobre cinco el empleo del arsenico permitio localizar coagulos intracerebrales diagnosticados. La totalidad de los 10 abscesos estudiados fue diagnosticada mediante el arsenico, y 3 de cada 4 mediante el cobre. En los tres pacientes que sufrian de leucoencefalopatia, la exploracion mediante arsenico indico las zonas principales de desmielinizacion. De 10 pacientes que hablan sido sometidos a un total de 16 exploraciones, y a los que posteriormente se efectuo una craneotomia exploratoria con resultado negative, no hubo mas que dos en los cuales la exploracion (mediante arsenico y cobre respectivamente) habia permitido diagnosticar una anormalidad localizada y bien definida. (author) [Russian] Nastoyashchij doklad posvyashchen podschetu metodom sovpadenij v chelovecheskom organizme parnykh annigilyatsonny kh gamma-luchej, vydelyaemykh pri pozitroniem raspade izotopov medi i mysh'yaka. V nem rassmatrivaets ya biologicheskoe pove denie neorganicheskoj soli mysh'yakovoj i mysh'yakovistoj kisloty ili mednogo versenata, a takzhe rezul'taty ispol'zovaniya veshchestv pri provedenii issledovanij s pomoshch'yu avtomaticheski rabotayushchej apparatury v tselyakh lokalizatsii vnutricherepnykh mass. Radioaktivnost' glavnykh normal'nykh golovnykh tkanej, a takzhe razlichnykh novoobrazovanij , krovyanykh opukholej (gematom), gnojnikov (abstsessov) i zon razrusheniya mielina byla analizirovana metodom biopsii. Pri primenenii mysh'yaka koehffitsient sootnosheniya mezhdu zakhvatom izotopa v mozgovoj opukholi i ego

The Hanford Emergency Dosimetry System; Le Systeme de Dosimetrie pour les Cas d'Urgence a Hanford; 0421 0418 0421 0422 0414 ; El Sistema Dosimetrico de Hanford para Casos de Urgencia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Larson, H. V.; Keene, A. R. [Radiation Protection Operation, Hanford Laboratories, General Electric Company, Hanford Atomic Products Operation, Richland, WA (United States)

1965-06-15

dosimetros contienen laminas de los mismos elementos que el dosimetro de pelicula y constituyen un medio mas para calcular la dosis individual. (author) [Russian] Proekt v Hjenforde predstavljaet soboj bol'shoj atomnyj promyshlennyj kompleks, v kotoryj vhodjat jadernye reaktory, zavody po proizvodstvu teplovydeljajushhih jelementov, ustanovki dlja himicheskogo razdelenija i issledovatel'skie laboratorii. V dopolnenie k programme nabljudenija i kontrolirovanija radiacionnogo obluchenija personala razrabotana sistema avarijnogo dozimetricheskogo kontrolja s cel'ju obespechenija bystroj ocenki bol'shih doz, provedenija otbora sluzhashhih i kontrolja nad nimi, preduprezhdenija personala i sozdanija centrov avarijnogo kontrolja personala, ocenki vneshnih doz obluchenija, ocenki soderzhanija radioaktivnyh materialov v organizme, obnaruzhenija i regulirovanija zagrjaznenija okruzhajushhej sredy i bystrogo sostavlenija dannyh ob obluchenii v kachestve rukovodstva dlja personala skoroj pomoshhi i vrachej. Osnovnoj upor delaetsja na hjenfordskij plenochnyj dozimetr, kotoryj imeet pri sebe vse lica v predelah kontroliruemyh zon. Dozimetr obespechivaet pravil'noe vyjavlenie lichnosti vladel'ca, a ocenka plenki mozhet byt' provedena v techenie 90 minut. Razdel'no, i vmeste s tem odnovremenno, mozhno provesti obrabotku ostal'nyh sostavnyh chastej dozimetra s cel'ju opredelenija spektra nejtronov i velichiny dozy v pjati gruppah jenergii, a takzhe dat' bystruju ocenku nejtronnoj dozy pri odnokratnom stolknovenii, ot neskol'kih do tysjach rad. Gamma-luchi obnaruzhivajutsja v diapazone ot 20 millirentgen do 1500 rentgen (pri obrabotke komponentov plenki) i ot 10 do 10 000 rentgen (pri obrabotke jekranirovannyh tantalom ftoristyh sterzhnej). V avarijnuju sistemu vkljuchajutsja programmy, obespechivajushhie ponimanie sotrudnikami sistemy, podgotovku v oblasti dozimetrii i sotrudnichestvo s rukovodstvom v dele bystrogo vyjavlenija, kontrolirovanija i izolirovanija porazhennyh izlucheniem

High-Volume Non-Destructive Test Applications at the Hanford Atomic Products Operation; Applications Industrielles des Essais Non Destructifs a l'Etablissement Nucleaire de Hanford; Provedenie bol'shogo chisla nedestruktivnykh ispytanii v ''khenford atomik prodakts opereishen''; Ensayos No Destructivos en Gran Escala Aplicados en Hanford

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Worlton, D. C. [Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Battelle Memorial Institute, Richland, WA (United States)

1965-10-15

resultados obtenidos con este metodo de ensayo, que se ha aplicado en condiciones dificiles a 250 000 m de tuberia instalada. (author) [Russian] Bezopasnost' i jeffektivnost' kriticheskih processov Henforda garantiruetsja bystrym, nadezhnym i avtomaticheskim sposobom ispytanija obrazcov bez razrushenija obolochki. Vysokochuvstvitel'nye toki Fuko i ul'trazvuk nahodjat svoe obychnoe primenenie v jetoj oblasti i v processah izgotovlenija izdelij dlja togo, chtoby obespechit' maksimal'nuju garantiju kachestva bol'shih kolichestv materiala za mini- mal'nyj period vremeni. Opisyvajutsja sistemy, ispol'zuemye dlja togo, chtoby obespechit' kachestvennost' processov Henforda po izgotovleniju izdelij jadernogo topliva. Dejstvujushhie kak obychnoe oborudovanie jeti sistemy ispol'zujut izmerenija ul'trazvukovogo zatuhanija dlja togo, chtoby prokontrolirovat' strukturu zerna aktivnyh zon nejekranirovannogo uranovogo topliva, a ul'trazvukovoj metod i metod tokov Fuko dlja togo, chtoby obespechit' sootvetstvujushhuju po- losnost' i tolshhinu 0,040 djujma aljuminievogo pokrytija jelementov ' kassetah, i novyj shirokopolosnyj metod s vysokorazreshajushhej sposobnost'ju ul'trazvukovogo obsledovanija dlja obnaruzhenija defektov v svarnyh shvah na stykah obolochki. Ob{sup e}dinenie ispytanij s pomoshh'ju ul'trazvuka i tokov Fuko primenjaetsja odnovremenno dlja togo, chtoby provesti polnoe obsledovanie toplivnogo jelementa v devjatisekundnom cikle. Jelementy s defektom avtomaticheski udaljajutsja s potochnoj linii proizvodstva. Osobyj upor delaetsja na usovershenstvovannye metody ispytanij s pomoshh'ju ul'trazvuka po obsledovaniju tonkostennyh obolochnyh trub dlja toplivnyh jelementov. Ispol'zujutsja special'nye preryvateli s vysokoj fokusirovkoj vmeste s shirokopolosnoj shemoj dlja togo, chtoby poluchit' chistyj srez volny v trubah tolshhinoj 0,015 djujma. Prostejshie i bolee slozhnye volnovye dvizhenija iskljuchajutsja, poskol'ku rezul'taty ispytanij legko istolkovyvajutsja i vosproizvodjatsja

Pulsed and Static Neutron Measurements in Light-Water and Heavy-Water Exponentials; Mesures par les Methodes Pulsee et Statique dans les Ensembles Exponentiels a Eau Legere et a Eau Lourde; Izmerenie impul'snykh i staticheskikh nejtronov v ehksponentsial'nykh ustanovkakh s obychnoj i tyazheloj vodoj; Mediciones por los Metodos Pulsados y Estaticos en Conjuntos Exponenciales de Agua Ligera y Agua Pesada

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Parkinson, T. F.; Perez, R. B.; Fry, D. N.; Hartley, R. H.; Smith, S. P.D.; Diaz, N. J. [University of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)

1964-04-15

kotorogo mozhno vyvesti k' , primenjalsja metod impul'snyh nejtronov. Odnako dlja ustanovlenija pravomernosti impul'snogo metoda neobhodimo proizvesti sravnenie mezhdu impul'snym i staticheskim metodami. My vypolnili takie izmerenija s zamedliteljami iz H{sub 2}O i D{sub 2}O v sistemah s otrazhatelem i bez takovogo. Dlja jeksperimentov ispol'zovalsja bak diametrom 1 m. Dlja korreljacii izmerennyh postojannyh raspada s sootvetstvujushhimi-parametrami sistemy, ispol'zovalas' modificirovannaja odnogruppovaja teoreticheskaja model' (imenuemaja v dal'nejshem model'ju A). Tak, {lambda} vyrazhaetsja prostym otnosheniem {lambda}{sub 0}, k{sub {infinity}} {tau}, L{sup 2} i B{sup 2}, gde B{sup 2} udovletvorjaet kriticheskomu ravneniju dvuh zon. Vychislitel'naja shema vkljuchaet opredelenie snachala znachenija postojannoj raspada {lambda} s posledujushhej interaciej do teh por, poka ne budet najdeno znachenie V', sootvetstvujushhee kriticheskomu uravneniju i granichnym uslovijam . Byli oprobovany takzhe dve drugie modeli: Model' V-dvuhzonnaja odnogruppovaja sistema, v kotoroj B{sup 2}{sub g} v funkcii vlijanija Fermi prinimaetsja kak geometricheskij laplasian jekvivalentnoj sistemy bez otrazhatelja s otrazhatel'noj dobavkoj. Model' C -dvuhgruppovaja sistema bez otrazhatelja s otrazhatel'noj dobavkoj. Sravnenie raschetnyh i jeksperimental'nyh postojannyh raspada pokazyvaet, chto tol'ko model' A daet udovletvoritel'noe sovpadenie. Mozhno sdelat' sledujushhie vyvody: 1. Prisutstvie otrazhatelja sil'no vlijaet na fiziku impul'snoj sistemy Metod predpolozhenija otrazhatel'noj dobavki ne vsegda cenen. 2. Znachenie postojannoj raspada {lambda} ochen' chuvstvitel'no k predpolagaemomu znacheniju verojatnosti izoezhanija utechki oystryh nejtronov. Jeksperimenty pokazali, chto dlja nebol'shih geterogennyh sborok k mozhno opredelit' metodom impul'snyh nejtronov. V nastojashhee vremja provodjatsja raboty po pustotelym uranovym sterzhnjam, kotorye pozvoljajut imitirovat' organicheskie

Scatterometry

Science.gov (United States)

Stoffelen, Adrianus Cornelis Maria

1996-10-01

dubbelzinnigheid in de windrichting kan in de praktijk worden opgelost door die oplossing te kiezen die het dichtst bij een korte termijn weervoorspelling ligt. Daarna kunnen eisen worden gesteld aan de ruimtelijke consistentie van het gevonden windvector veld. Zoals beschreven in hoofdstuk V levert zo'n methode de goede oplossing in meer dan 99 % van de gevallen. Zo kan een in het algemeen kwalitatief goed windproduct worden afgeleid uit de ERS scatterometermetingen. In het tweede gedeelte van hoofdstuk V wordt ingegaan op de assimilatie van scatterometergegevens in weermodellen. Voor variationele gegevensassimilatie wordt een methode voorgesteld, waarbij de dubbelzinnige scatterometerwinden worden geassimileerd, en niet direct de terugstrooiingsmetingen. Dit vanwege het feit dat de onzekerheid in de interpretatie van de scatterometer, het best is uit te drukken als een fout in de wind. De projectie van deze fout op de microgolfmetingen is niet-lineair, en daarmee tamelijk moeilijk te verwerken binnen de context van meteorologische variationele gegevensassimilatie. Assimilatie van de dubbelzinnige wind daarentegen is tamelijk recht toe recht aan. De scatterometermetingen leiden tot een duidelijk betere analyse en korte-termijn voorspelling van het windveld boven zee. De bedekking is echter zodanig dat andere windwaarnemingen nog lang een zeer welkome aanvulling zullen zijn. Nieuwe Amerikaanse scatterometers met een grotere bedekking zijn in ontwikkeling (met name QuikSCAT en SeaWinds). Vanwege hun andere geometrie en golflengte is echter eerst ontwikkelwerk nodig om tot een gedegen interpretatie te komen. De in dit proefschrift beschreven methodologie kan een belangrijke rol spelen in de interpretatie van de gegevens van deze scatterometers. De volgende generatie Europese scatterometers (ASCAT genoemd) heeft een?SAMENVATTING xi grote bedekking en de microgolflengte en meetgeometrie van de ERS scatterometers. Hiermee zijn we op termijn verzekerd van een goed scatterometer wind

Nuclear geophysics in prospecting for ore and coal deposits; Geophysique nucleaire et prospection des gisements de charbon et autres mineraux; Yadernaya geofizika pri razvedke rudnykh i ugol'nykh mestorozhdenij; Geofisica nuclear u prospeccion de yacimientos de carbon y otros minerales

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bulashevich, Yu P; Voskobojnikov, G M; Muzyukin, L V

1962-01-15

captura de neutrones termicos del boro hace posible determinar estratos boriferos en la zona del sondeo empleando los metodos E.G.N. y E.N.N. La influencia del agua se elimina mediante sondeos inversos. Este metodo, asi como otros sistemas de exploracion por activacion neutronica, han sido aplicados tambien en diversos yacimientos de cobre, manganeso, aluminio y otros minerales. La exploracion por activacion continua esta indicada cuando el periodo de semi [Russian] Na rudnykh i ugol'nykh mestorozhdeniyakh metody yadernoj geofiziki primenyayutsya glavnym obrazom pri karotazhe razvedochnykh skvazhin. Na rudnykh i ugol'nykh mestorozhdeniyakh Sovetskogo Soyuza nakhodyat shirokoe proizvodstvennoe primenenie sleduyushchie vidy radioaktivnogo ili yadernogo karotazha (RK): plotnostnoj ili gamma-gamma karotazh (GGK) s istochnikom izlucheniya Co{sup 60}, selektivnyj gamma-gamma karotazh (SGGK) s istochnikom myagkogo izlucheniya tipa S75, nejtron-nejtronnyj karotazh (NNK) i nejtronnyj gamma karotazh s Ro-Ve istochnikom nejtronov, akti- vatsionnyj, v chastnosti nepreryvnyj, karotazh s tem zhe istochnikom, a takzhe foto-nej- tronnyj karotazh s gamma-izluchatelem Sb{sup 124}. Osnovnaya zadacha RK na rudnykh mestorozhdeniyakh - vydelenie rudnykh zon v razreze skvazhin, chto sokrashchaet intervaly oprobovaniya, i orientirovochnaya otsenka soderzhaniya poleznogo komponenta in situ. Na ugol'nykh mestorozhdeniyakh RK reshaet zadachu opredeleniya glubiny zaleganiya, moshchnosti i stroeniya ugol'nykh plastov. ' Metody GGK i SGGK osnovany na registratsii rasseyannogo gamma-izlucheniya istochnika. Pri dostatochnoj zhestkosti izlucheniya istochnika i slaboj chuvstvitel'nosti indikatora intensivnost' rasseyannogo izlucheniya zavisit tol'ko ot plotnosti porody i rasstoyaniya mezhdu istochnikom i indikatorom. EHto sluchaj GGK, kotorym ugol'nye plasty vydelyayutsya po maksimumam rasseyannogo izlucheniya. V SGGK sushchestvenna registratsiya myagkoj chasti spektra rasseyannogo izlucheniya

Application of Sodium-24 to Flow-Rate Measurements and Leak Detection; Applications du Sodium-24 a des Mesures de Debits et de Recherches de Fuites; ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ НАТРИЯ-24 ПРИ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯХ ПОТОКОВ И ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ УТЕЧКИ; Aplicaciones del Sodio-24 a la Medicion de Caudales y Deteccion de Escapes

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Guizerix, J.; Cornuet, R. [Centre d' Etudes Nucleaires, Grenoble (France)

1963-03-15

de transito de la onda de actividad entre dos detectores de centelleo colimados permitio determinar el caudal con una precision relativa del 2%, aproximadamente. (author) [Russian] Avtory opisyvajut nekotorye opyty, v kotoryh v kachestve indikatora ispol'zovalsja natrij-24 s cel'ju iskljuchenija problemy dezaktivacii i povtornogo vvedenija indikatorov. Obluchenie natrija bylo proizvedeno v bassejnovom reaktore 'Meljuzin' v Issledovatel'skom jadernom centre v Grenoble (Frakcija). S cel'ju issledovanija utechki v sisteme central'nogo otoplenija vodjanaja sistema metilas' karbonatom natrija-24. Posle ochishhenija i promyvki sistemy byla sostavlena tshhatel'naja shema issleduemogo uchast-. ka, ogranichivajushhaja zonu issledovanija. S pomoshh'ju kollimirovannyh priborov issledovalas' pochva, tochnye krivye ijeoaktivnosti issledovalis' dlja poluchenija razlichnyh dannyh. Obuslovlennoe utechkoj prevrashhenie v zavisimosti ot vremeni issleduemoj zony radioaktivnosti pozvolilo vydelit' ego na foke issleduemyh zon v rajone nepodvizhnyh trub ili v mestah sil'nogo pogloshhenija indikatora. Issledovalas' utechka na germeticheski zakrytom svincovom bake. Jetot bak pomeshhalsja mezhdu dvumja jarusami, pod nastilom rezervuara s vodoj, i byl prednaznachen dlja sbora vody, kotoraja mogla pojavit'sja v rezul'tate vozmozhnoj utechki v gidravlicheskih ustanovkah, raspolozhennyh v verhnem jaruse. V bak vvodilas' voda, mechennaja izotopom natrija-24. Nalozhenie radioaktivnyh pjaten v nizhnej i verhnej chastjah utechki, a takzhe slabyj vyhod potoka, ocenivaemogo v 1 sm{sup 3}/min, vyzvali izvestnuju trudnost' v issledovanii, i tol'ko chetkoe mestopolozhenie i rost radioaktivnogo pjatna pozvolili pri pomoshhi krivyh ijeoaktivnosti za 15 chasov opredelit' polozhenie utechki. V celjah opredelenija vozmozhnoj utechki porjadka 1 l/chas, kotoraja imeet mesto mezhdu sistemoj vodjanogo ohlazhdenija i sistemoj acetata celljulozy, potoki kotoryh izvestny i sostavljajut primerno 5 m3/chas

The Control of Fast Reactors: Current Methods and Future Prospects; Controle des Reacteurs a Neutrons Rapides. Methodes Actuelles et Perspectives d'Avenir; Upravlenie reaktorami na bystrykh nejtronakh. sushchestvuyushchie metody i dal'nejshie perspektivy; Control de Reactores Rapidos: Metodos Actuales y Perspectivas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Loewenstein, W. B. [Argonne National Laboratory, IL (United States)

1964-06-15

materialov aktivnoj zon'/. Primenjaetsja takzhe ogranichennyj kontrol' s pomoshh'ju poglotitelej. Odnako ni odin iz jetih metodov ne daet sushhestvennogo preimushhestva dlja togo, chtoby ego primenjat' k jenergeticheskim reaktoram- razmnozhiteljam krupnyh central'nyh atomnyh stancij, esli vnutrennij (v aktivnoj zone) kojefficient vosproizvodstva ne javljaetsja ochen' vysokim. Dolzhna byt' projavlena bol'shaja izobretatel'nost' dlja togo, cht.oby ispol'zovat' libo metod poglotitelja, libo metod regulirovki spektral'nogo smeshhenija, ne okazav ser'eznogo vlijanija na zhelaemuju i ..chasto trebuemuju jekonomiju nejtronov. Privodjatsja rezul'taty issledovanij, imejushhie-otnoshenie k usovershenstvovannym sistemam. Reaktivnost', neobhodimaja dlja upravlenija reaktorom, opredeljaetsja potrebnostjami ostanovki reaktora, toplivnym ciklom reaktora (izbytochnaja reaktivnost') i v gorazdo men'shej stepeni dominirujushhej obratnoj svjaz'ju. Trebovanija k izbytochnoj reaktivnosti, mogut byt' s uspehom opredeleny dannym toplivnym ciklom, odnako mogut znachitel'no var'irovat'sja dlja celogo rjada analogichnyh sistem, rabotajushhih na razlichnyh toplivnyh ciklah. Neobhodimuju ostatochnuju reaktivnost' mozhno ustanovit' pochti proizvol'no vyshe opredelennoj predel'noj velichiny. Odnako imeetsja celyj rjad filosofskih momentov, kotorye kasajutsja specifikacii jetogo parametra. Jeti soobrazhenija obsuzhdajutsja s tochki zrenija regulirovki reaktivnosti v sushhestvujushhih reaktorah na bystryh nejtronah, poskol'ku jeto svjazano s kolichestvom, kotoroe dejstvitel'no trebuetsja dlja jekspluatacii jenergeticheskih reaktorov-razmnozhitelej. Privodjatsja tipichnye parametry moshhnosti i parametry temperatury, zavisjashhej ot obratnoj svjazi dlja togo, chtoby opredelit' ih vlijanie na trebovanija po upravleniju reaktivnost'ju . Metody, ispol'zuemye dlja togo, chtoby predopredelit' reaktivnost' sootvetstvujushhih kontrol'nyh mehanizmov, polucheny na osnove grubyh podschetov, a takzhe s pomoshh

Petrographical and Geochemical Study of a Kimmeridgian Organic Sequence (Yorkshire Area, Uk Étude pétrographique et géochimique d'une séquence organique du Kimmeridgien (région du Yorkshire, Angleterre

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Belin S.

2006-11-01

interactions eau/minéraux. On observe partout des corrosions de quartz (pl. 2A et D. Les silicifications se présentent sous deux formes : quartz et calcédonite. La cristallisation de la calcédonite, beaucoup plus rapide que celle du quartz, indique une concentration de silice dans le milieu plus importante que celle nécessaire à la formation du quartz ainsi qu'un environnement non sulfaté (Arbey, 1980. L'existence d'un tel milieu résulte de l'utilisation de la totalité des sulfates par les bactéries sulfato-réductrices. La matière organique sous forme de petits grains constitue parfois des nuclei autour desquels la calcédonite croît de manière zonée. Il est important de souligner combien, dans le détail, la diagenèse minérale peut prendre un caractère local, à l'échelle du micron, et spécifique, sans doute sous le double effet de la grande diversité initiale des constituants et de la mauvaise qualité des circulations intersticielles. Ceci est illustré, outre les exemples de la pyrite et de la glauconite, par la transformation des algues carbonatées (pl. 2F. La diagenèse influence de manière notable la teneur en carbone organique, puisque la matière organique est détruite par les bactéries sulfato-réductrices. Deux hypothèses peuvent être envisagées, selon que le taux de sédimentation est constant ou non. Si le taux de sédimentation est constant, la diminution de carbone organique observée dans la deuxième partie du cycle est d'origine et reflète alors une diminution de la productivité. La capacité de la matière organique à être métabolisée par les bactéries sulfato-réductrices est corrélée positivement au taux de sédimentation (Berner, 1980 ; si le taux de sédimentation est constant, la quantité initiale de matière organique a diminué dans les mêmes proportions tout au long du cycle. Si le taux de sédimentation diminue dans la deuxième moitié du cycle, la sulfato-réduction renforce la baisse de la teneur en carbone